text:
IN RE: Kenneth James WELLS on habeas corpus.
F. Elaine Easley, Los Angeles, for petitioner. Evelle J. Younger, Atty. Gen., Jack R. Winkler, Chief Asst. Atty. Gen., S. Clark Moore, Asst. Atty. Gen., James H. Kline and Donald F. Roeschke, Deputy Attys. Gen., for respondent Superior Court.
We have before us in this habeas corpus proceeding the question of whether the recidivist provision of Penal Code section 647a[FN1] (child molestation) violates the cruel or unusual punishment clause of the California Constitution. (Cal.Const. art. I, s 6.) This section states that every person who 'annoys or molests'[FN2] a child under the age of 18 is guilty of a simple misdemeanor and can be punished by no more than a six-month jail sentence or a $500 fine. For a second or subsequent offense, however, or upon proof of a prior conviction under section 288 (lewd and lascivious acts upon the person of a child under the age of 14), section 647a prescribes an indeterminate prison term of one year to life.[FN3] In other words, here, as in In re Lynch, the statute requires the 'enormous leap' from an ordinary misdemeanor to a life-maximum felony either for the repetition of the offense or for its commission by one who has previously committed a more serious sex offense—namely, a violation of section 288.[FN4] (8 Cal.3d at p. 434, 105 Cal.Rptr. 217, 503 P.2d 921.)
In Lynch our Supreme Court held that the identical leap required under the indecent exposure statute for repetition of that offense constituted cruel or unusual punishment. The court, however, expressly reserved opinion on the question before us,[FN5] and we must decide whether the fundamental holding of that case should now be extended to petitioner's situation. For reasons hereafter stated, we conclude that the Lynch holding should be so extended, and that petitioner is entitled to be released from parole.
On November 28, 1960, petitioner, Kenneth James Wells, was convicted of violating section 647a with a prior section 288 conviction, and was sentenced to state prison for the term prescribed by law. The judgment was entered upon a guilty plea and it specifically noted that the victims were under the age of 10.
From the preliminary hearing transcript it appears that the charge to which petitioner pled guilty arose out of the following circumstances. On October 31, 1960, around 8:30 p.m., two young girls were out trick-or-treating when petitioner offered them a ride. The girls got into petitioner's car; he promised them a dollar if they 'didn't tell anybody;' he then drove about four blocks to a dark, dead-end street, stopped his car and said to the girls: 'Let me see your panties.' The girls thereupon jumped out of petitioner's car and ran away crying.
Following his conviction for the above-described offense, petitioner entered state prison and remained there until he was paroled sometime in 1970. In 1973 he returned to prison after he had served six months in the county jail for another offense. On August 28, 1974, the Adult Authority fixed his sentence for the section 647a offense at 20 years and granted him parole effective December 16, 1974. Petitioner remains on parole at the present time.
The Attorney General contends that petitioner is precluded from attacking the punishment prescribed by section 647a because he has had his sentence fixed at 20 years and is no longer incarcerated.
This contention lacks merit. Petitioner remains in constructive custody while he is on parole. (In re Sturm, 11 Cal.3d 258, 265, 113 Cal.Rptr. 361, 521 P.2d 97.) Moreover, under section 3020 the Adult Authority can, for good cause, redetermine petitioner's sentence at any time before his final discharge. (Lynch, supra, 8 Cal.3d at p. 417, 105 Cal.Rptr. 217, 503 P.2d 921.) For this reason, among others, our Supreme Court stated in Lynch: '(W)hen a defendant under an indeterminate sentence challenges that sentence as cruel or unusual punishment in violation of the California Constitution, the test is whether the maximum term of imprisonment permitted by the statute punishing his offense exceeds the constitutional limit, Regardless of whether a lesser term may be fixed in his particular case by the Adult Authority.' (id., at p. 419, 105 cal.rptr. at p. 222, 503 P.2d at p. 926.) (emphasis added; footnote omitted.)
As noted earlier, the question before us essentially is whether the fundamental holding of Lynch should be extended to the situation before us. There are two ways in which petitioner's situation can be distinguished from the situation in Lynch: First, there are important differences between the offenses at issue in these two cases. As we shall see, indecent exposure is a significantly less serious offense than child molestation. Second, the increased penalty imposed on petitioner, was not the result of a repetition of the identical offense, as it was in Lynch. (Id., at pp. 413—414, 105 Cal.Rptr. 217, 503 P.2d 926.) Instead, it was imposed because petitioner had previously committed a more serious sex offense—namely, a violation of section 288 (lewd and lascivious acts upon the person of a child under the age of 14)—and this prior offense itself carried a life-maximum term upon its first commission.[FN6]
Nevertheless, for reasons hereafter stated, we conclude that Lynch should be extended to reduce the penalty imposed by the recidivist portion of section 647a.
A. The Lynch Test.
In Lynch our Supreme Court adopted disproportionality as the constitutional standard by which statutes imposing punishment are to be measured, and pointed to three techniques to be used in analyzing particular penalties to determine whether they are in fact disproportionate. (8 Cal.3d at pp. 425, et seq., 105 Cal.Rptr. 217, 503 P.2d 921.) This 'three-prong test' requires us: (a) to consider the nature of the offense and/or the offender, with particular regard to the degree of danger both present to society; (b) to compare the penalty at issue with the punishment this state prescribes for more serious offenses; and (c) to compare the penalty at issue with the punishment other jurisdictions prescribe for the identical offense.
B. The Nature of the Offense and/or the Offender.
We begin by examining the seriousness of the offense defined by section 647a and comparing it with the seriousness of the offense at issue in Lynch.
'Annoying or molesting a child' does not appear to have been a separate common law crime and was not proscribed as such under the Penal Code of 1872. It was first added to the Code in 1929, at which time a penalty of $500 or six months in the county jail was imposed on any person who 'annoys or molests any school child.'[FN7] In 1947, this section was modified and subdivided, the class of victims was expanded to include all children,[FN8] and a recidivist provision was added to the section. Under the latter provision, a term of imprisonment 'not exceeding five years' was imposed for second or subsequent offenses.[FN9] In 1949, the notorious Stroble incident[FN10] and the public outcry that it engendered led then-Governor Earl Warren to proclaim the First Extraordinary Session of 1949 to enact stricter legislation to curb sex offenders. One result of that session was the extension of the recidivist provision enacted two years earlier to include first offenders, like petitioner, with prior convictions under section 288.[FN11] Similarly, the McCracken incident[FN12] led Governor Warren three years later to convene the First Extraordinary Session of 1952, which resulted in the enactment of the life-maximum terms for recidivists under the indecent exposure statute and under the statute now before us.[FN13] (See generally Recent Decisions, 6 Loyola L.Rev. 416, 422—423.)
Thus, we do not have quite the clear-cut pattern our Supreme Court pointed to in Lynch—namely, a low-key approach to the offense over a long period of time followed by a sudden, extraordinary jump in the penalty enacted in response to public outcry over one particular incident. Nevertheless, much the same thing happened here. Consequently, we think the penalty now before us may fairly be characterized as yet another product of the intense public concern over sex offenses that arose in this state a quarter of a century ago.
On the other hand, it is difficult to characterize child molestation as a mere embarassment or 'social nuisance,' as our Supreme Court found indecent exposure to be. (Lynch, supra, 8 Cal.3d at p. 430, 105 Cal.Rptr. 217, 503 P.2d 921.) True, no physical aggression or contact occurred here—as would be the case, for instance, under section 288 which proscribes lewd and lascivious acts Upon the person of a child under the age of 14. (See People v. Kingston, Supra, 44 Cal.App.3d at p. 635, 118 Cal.Rptr. 896.) But it certainly cannot be said that individuals who 'annoy or molest' children do so primarily to shock or surprise them and have no desire for further contact with their victims; whereas this generally is the case with exhibitionists. (See Mohr, Turner & Jerry, Pedophilia and Exhibitionism (1964), p. 19.) More importantly, the child molester's victim necessarily is a young child who, presumably, is susceptible to far greater psychological damage than the adult victim of the exhibitionist.[FN14]
Furthermore, at least some observers consider child molesters, in general, to be more dangerous, harder to rehabilitate, less able to understand or accept their problems, and more inclined to deny their guilt than the average felon is. (See generally, C. Duffy & A. Hirshberg, Sex and Crime (1965), pp. 119—121.)[FN15] And in the case of the 647a offender with a prior section 288 conviction, like petitioner, there necessarily has been some past tendency to do more than merely 'annoy or molest' the victim, and to engage instead in actual physical contact of a sexual nature. Indeed, petitioner in this case in all probability intended such contact to occur and was prevented from achieving his goal only by the escape of his intended victims. He might well have been prosecuted for an attempt to commit a much more serious sex offense—namely, a violation of section 288.[FN16]
For these reasons, we find it difficult to describe the life-maximum term as so disproportionate that it 'shocks the conscience' and 'offends fundamental notions of human dignity' (8 Cal.3d at p. 424, 105 Cal.Rptr. at p. 226, 503 P.2d at p. 930) solely on the basis of the nature of the offense and/or the offender. True, the life-maximum term is quite harsh, but this is the punishment petitioner received for the commission of his first offense, violation of section 288, and it was the prior commission of that offense that made him subject to the identical punishment for the commission of the lesser offense of violation of section 647a. Furthermore, great deference is ordinarily paid to legislation designed to protect children, who all too frequently are helpless victims of sexual offenses. On this first prong of the Lynch test the case is at best extremely close. Therefore, we turn to the remaining two prongs.
C. A Comparison of the Penalty with the Punishment California Imposes for More Serious Offenses.
Petitioner's case is significantly strengthened by a comparison of the recidivist penalty section 647a imposes with punishments for other crimes in California which are undeniably of far greater seriousness. For example, here, as in Lynch, it is extremely difficult to believe that petitioner's most recent offense represents a greater threat to society than the crimes of voluntary manslaughter (s 193; up to 15 years); assault with intent to commit murder (s 217; 1—14 years); kidnaping (s 208; 1—25 years); mayhem (s 204; up to 14 years); assault with intent to commit mayhem or robbery (s 220; 1—20 years); assault with caustic chemicals, with intent to injure or disfigure (s 244; 1—14 years); and assault on a peace officer or fireman engaged in the performance of his duties (s 241; up to 2 years, or up to 1 year in jail; see also s 243).
The same is true then we consider, as the Lynch court did, a number of crimes which, although somewhat more indirectly, can be extremely dangerous to life and limb, such as: arson (s 447a; 2—20 years); burglary by torch or explosives (s 464; 10—40 years); wrecking a vehicle of a common carrier, causing bodily harm (s 219.1; 1—14 years); shooting at an inhabited dwelling (s 246; 1—5 years, or up to 1 year in jail); poisoning food or drink with the intent to injure a human being (s 347; 1—10 years); and drunk driving causing bodily injury (Veh.Code, s 23101; up to 5 years, or up to 1 year in jail).
Nor does proportionality appear if we consider only the laws regulating sexual activities, such as assault with intent to commit rape or sodomy (s 220; 1—20 years); forcible abduction for purposes of defilement (s 265; 2—14 years) or prostitution (s 266a; up to 5 years and/or fine up to $1,000); purchasing or selling a woman for prostitution (ss 266e and 266f; up to 5 years); and unlawful sexual intercourse (ss 261, subd. 5, 264; up to 50 years, or up to 1 year in jail).
Likewise, if we look to statutes designed to protect children, we find it difficult to believe, for example, that petitioner's most recent offense presents a greater danger than the act of one who wilfully inflicts 'unjustifiable physical pain' on a child 'under circumstances or conditions other than those likely to produce great bodily harm or death;' or who wilfully inflicts on a child 'any cruel or inhuman corporal punishment or injury resulting in a traumatic condition.' Yet, as the Lynch court note (Id., at p. 432, 105 Cal.Rptr. 217, 503 P.2d 921), the penalty for either of such brutalities (ss 273a and 273d; up to 10 years, or up to 1 year in jail) is far less than a life-maximum sentence. And if a major purpose of section 647a is to guard children against assaults upon their sensibilities, there is no possible justification for the great disparity between petitioner's punishment and the simple misdemeanor penalty attached by section 273g to the conduct of one who 'in the presence of any child indulges in any degrading, lewd, immoral or vicious habits or practices.'
Finally, and perhaps most tellingly, we may compare the section before us with other California statutes which prescribe enhanced punishment for recidivism. First, we note that in all but three of the above-listed dangerous crimes involving personal violence, sexual assaults, or harm to children, there is no statutory provision increasing the penalty for recidivism. In other words, as our Supreme Court pointed out in Lynch, 'a man may repeatedly commit manslaughter or mayhem, assault with intent to commit rape or sodomy, child-beating or felony drunk driving, and still be subject each time to a lighter penalty than (petitioner received here).' (8 Cal.3d at p. 434, 105 Cal.Rptr. at p. 233, 503 P.2d at p. 937.)
Second, we note that of all the statutes which increase the punishment in the case of a second offense, only section 647a and the statute at least partially struck down in Lynch compel the enormous single leap from an ordinary misdemeanor to a life-maximum felony. In each of the remaining statutes, as the Court there stated: 'there is a reasonable relationship between the punishments for the first and subsequent offenses. If the crime is of a minor nature, its enhanced penalty remains proportionately light; if the crime is more serious, its original penalty was proportionately heavy. The theory in each instance is that whatever the response appropriate to the factor of recidivisim, the judgment of the Legislature as to the gravity of the act itself should remain relatively constant.' (Id., at pp. 434—435, 105 Cal.Rptr. at p. 233, 503 P.2d at p. 937; fns. omitted.) This view is firmly expressed in the recommendation of the American Bar Association Advisory Committee on Sentencing and Review that in structuring habitual offender legislation: 'Any increased term which can be imposed because of prior criminality should be related in severity to the sentence otherwise provided for the New offense.' (A.B.A. Project on Minimum Standards for Criminal Justice, Standards Relating to Sentencing Alternatives and Procedures (1967) p. 22, par. 3.3(a)(i).) (Emphasis added.) The committee further explained that when a sentence no longer bears any 'reasonable relationship' to the event which triggered its possibility, '(t)he major thrust of the proceeding has shifted from the offense to the status of the offender. A proceeding which can result in . . . a long sentence ought to assume the burden of depending initially and primarily on the criteria which justify it, rather than employ the vehicle of a relatively minor felony to approach the same and indirectly.' (Id., at p. 139.) The views of this distinguished committee, which were quoted with approval in Lynch (8 Cal.3d at p. 435, 105 Cal.Rptr. 217, 503 P.2d 921), are particularly important here because they indicate that the enhanced penalty imposed on petitioner ought to have borne a 'reasonable relationship' to his Present offense and not to his prior offense, which was far more serious than the present one. The anomaly of the punishment before us is that the escalation in the recidivist penalty is triggered by the commission of an offense much less serious than the prior one.
Third, we note that the increased punishment provided by section 647a is far more severe than that of other recidivist statutes penalizing conduct that is indisputably more serious, such at the punishment imposed on one who twice commits a felony while armed with a deadly weapon such as a gun, knife, or club (s 12022, par. 2; 10—15 years, consecutive); or twice threatens public officials with bodily injury (s 71; up to 5 years); or twice forges prescriptions for narcotic drugs (Health & Saf.Code, s 11368; up to 10 years); or twice possesses heroin or other narcotics (Health & Saf.Code, s 11350; 5—20 years).
Thus, we conclude that here, as in Lynch, it is abundantly clear that the penalty for recidivism imposed on petitioner is disproportionate when compared with the punishment California prescribes for more serious offenses.
D. A Comparison of the Penalty With the Punishment Other Jurisdictions Impose for the Same Offense.
Petitioner's case is further strengthened by a comparison of the penalty prescribed by section 647a with the penalties prescribed under the penal codes of our forty-nine sister states and the District of Columbia. At the outset, it is interesting to note that our survey—the results of which are summarized in an appendix—uncovered few statutes that are directly comparable to California's. Section 647a punishes conduct that need not involve actual sexual contact with the child. Only six other jurisdictions have this type of statute.[FN17] In most jurisdictions, the offense described in section 647a would be punished, if at all, as an Attempt to commit a more serious sexual offense—e.g., attempting to commit a lewd or lascivious act upon, or to take indecent liberties with, the body of a child.[FN18]
It is also interesting to note that in the broad category of indecent sexual behavior (excluding rape) the statutes of only a very few jurisdictions contain recidivist provisions. The maximum punishment for a repeat offense is fifteen years in one state;[FN19] ten years in three states;[FN20] six years in one state;[FN21] and five years in three states.[FN22] Only two states impose a life-maximum sentence for a repeat offense, and these states do so only for the more serious crime of indecent assault.[FN23]
Finally, of even greater significance is the fact that of the six jurisdictions that have statutes directly comparable to California's,[FN24] only three provide for an increased penalty for a repeat offense: Alabama—maximum ten years; Arkansas—maximum five years; and Nevada—maximum six years. Thus, No other jurisdiction would impose a life-maximum sentence under the circumstances now before us.
We end our survey by comparing the treatment of the offense proscribed under section 647a with its treatment under the proposed California Criminal Code, which was recently re-introduced in the Legislature. (Sen.Bill 565, 1975 Reg.Leg.Sess.) Section 9402 of the new code would provide that any person who 'sexually annoys' a minor is guilty of a 'misdemeanor of the first degree,' punishable by a county jail sentence not exceeding one year (s 1303) and/or a fine not exceeding $1,000 (s 1304, subd. (b)(1).) There is no provision for increasing the punishment upon a second or subsequent conviction, or upon its commission by one who had previously been convicted for sexually abusing a child (s 9401)—the equivalent of present section 288. The proposed legislation, in short, would return California approximately to its posture during the pre-1947 period.[FN25]
E. Conclusion.
Thus, we conclude that the penalty prescribed by section 647a is clearly disportionate under at least two of the three prongs of the Lynch test, and is arguably so under the remaining prong as well. In effect, what we have concluded is that California could rationally decide that its children are entitled to extraordinary protection and could constitutionally impose a severe penalty for all offenses directed at child victims—particularly those involving violence. But California has not done so. Instead, it has singled out one particular offense for a grossly disproportionate recidivist sanction—one that, moreover, is far out of line with the sanction imposed by other jurisdictions. Under these circumstances, we do not hesitate to hold that the life-maximum sentence provided for in section 647a 'shocks the conscience' and 'offends fundamental notions of human dignity' (8 Cal.3d at p. 424, 105 Cal.Rptr. at p. 226, 503 P.2d at p. 930), and therefore constitutes cruel or unusual punishment.
The question of relief remains. Under Leaming v. Municipal Court,12 Cal.3d 813, 117 Cal.Rptr. 657, 528 P.2d 745, the penalty for petitioner's offense now is the five-year maximum term of imprisonment provided for in section 18 of the Penal Code.[FN26] Since petitioner has now served more than five years, he is entitled to be freed from all custody, actual or constructive.
The writ is granted and petitioner is ordered discharged from custody.
1. This section reads as follows:'Every person who annoys or molests any child under the age of 18 is a vagrant and is punishable upon first conviction by a fine not exceeding five hundred dollars ($500) imprisonment in the state prison for not less exceeding six months or by both such fine and imprisonment and is punishable upon the second and each subsequent conviction or upon the first conviction after a previous conviction under Section 288 of this code by or by imprisonment in the county jail for not than one year.'All sections referred to in this opinion are in the Penal Code unless otherwise noted.
2. Our Supreme Court has construed these words as follows: 'The words 'annoy' and 'molest' are synonymously used (Words and Phrases, perm. ed., vol. 27, 'molest'); they generally refer to conduct designed 'to disturb or irritate, esp. by continued or repeated acts' or 'to offend' (Webster's New Inter. Dict., 2d ed.); and as used in this statute, they ordinarily relate to 'offenses against children, (with) a connotation of abnormal sexual motivation on the part of the offender.' (citation omitted.) Ordinarily, the annoyance or molestation which is forbidden is 'not concerned with the state of mind of the child' but it is 'the objectionable acts of defendant which constitute the offense,' and if his conduct is 'so lewd or obscene that the normal person would unhesitatingly be irritated by it, such conduct would 'annoy or molest' within the purview of' the statute.' (citation omitted.) (People v. Carskaddon, 49 Cal.2d 423, 426, 318 P.2d 4, 5.)
3. The statute provides for a term of 'not less than one year.' This means a maximum term of life. (Pen.Code, s 671; In re Lynch, 8 Cal.3d 410, 419, 105 Cal.Rptr. 217, 503 P.2d 921.)Here, as in Lynch, petitioner does not contend that the indeterminate sentence law is invalid on its face or that an indeterminate sentence of any length whatever constitutes cruel or unusual punishment. (Id. at p. 415, 105 Cal.Rptr. 217, 503 P.2d 921.)
4. This section has since 1937 (Stats.1937, ch. 545, p. 1562, s 1) read:'Any preson who shall wilfully and lewdly commit any lewd or lascivious act including any of the acts constituting other crimes provided for in part one of this code upon or with the body, or any part or member thereof, of a child under the age of fourteen years, with the intent of arousing, appealing to, or gratifying the lust or passions or sexual desires of such person or of such child, shall be guilty of a felony and shall be imprisoned in the State prison for a term of from one year to life.'
5. 8 Cal.3d at p. 434, footnote 22, 105 Cal.Rptr. 217, 503 P.2d 921. As noted later, the Court did not have before it the alternative situation calling for the imposition of the recidivist penalty under section 314, namely, a violation of section 288 followed by a violation of section 314. We have that situation here except that the second offense is a violation of section 647a.Our Supreme Court did observe that the Legislature drastically increased the penalties under both sections 314 and 647a as part of the same 1952 legislation. (Stat.1953, First Ex.Sess.1952, ch. 23, ss 4 and 5 pp. 381—382.)
6. See footnote 4. (The constitutionality of the life-maximum term imposed by section 288 was upheld by Division One of this District in People v. Kingston, 44 Cal.App.3d 629, 633—636, 118 Cal.Rptr. 896.)
7. Stats.1929, ch. 376, p. 697, s 1.
8. A 1950 amendment restricted the class of victims to children under the age of 18. (Stats.1951, ch. 1200, p. 3048, s 1.)
9. Stats.1947, ch. 730, p. 1783, s 1.
10. People v. Stroble, 36 Cal.2d 615, 226 P.2d 330.
11. Stats.1950, 1st Ex.Sess.1949, ch. 14, pp. 28—29, s 1.
12. People v. McCracken, 39 Cal.2d 336, 246 P.2d 913.
13. See footnote 5, Supra.
14. Of course, the effect on the child depends on a number of factors—primarily the child's emotional status and his security in his environment. (Mohr, Turner & Jerry, op. cit., pp. 35—37.)
15. Other, perhaps better qualified, observers take a position somewhat contrary to that stated in the text. Their position is that the rate of recidivism for sexual offenses is generally low. They further note that heterosexual pedophilia has a recidivism rate half that of exhibitionism. Nevertheless, even these observers concede that certain well defined offender groups contain higher percentages of chronic offenders. (Mohr, Turner & Jerry, op. cit., pp. 82—85.)The term pedophilia (child molesting) is used by psychiatrists to refer generally to sexual activity involving a sexually immature object. Obviously this term covers a wide range of criminal offenses reflecting varying degrees of social dangerousness. (See generally, Glueck, Pedophilia, in R. Slovenko, ed., Sexual Behavior and the Law (1965), pp. 539—562; L. Frisbie, Another Look at Sex Offenders in California (1969).)
16. In California the maximum punishment under section 664, subdivision (1), for such an attempt is 20 years.
17. Most comparable to section 647a are the statutes of Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Missouri, Nevada, and Oklahoma—all of which are referred to in the appendix.
18. Of course, petitioner undoubtedly could be punished for 'disorderly conduct' in these jurisdictions even if he did not entertain the requisite specific intent to complete a serious sex offense and, therefore, could not be convicted of an attempt as suggested earlier in this opinion.
19. The state is North Dakota (Indecent Liberties with a Child).
20. The states are: Nebraska (Lewd Conduct); North Carolina (Indecent Liberties); and Alabama (Indecent Molestation).
21. The state is Nevada (Annoying or Molesting a Child; no Sexual Contact Required).
22. The states are: West Virginia (Child Molestation; Sexual Contact Required); Arkansas (Annoying or Molesting a Child; No Sexual Contact Required); and Massachusetts (Unnatural and Lascivious Acts with a Child).
23. The statutes referred to are those of Massachusetts (Ch. 265, s 13B) and Pennsylvania.
24. See footnote 17.
25. No offense directly comparable to section 647a is contained in either of the two model codes examined in Lynch. (8 Cal.3d at pp. 436—437, 105 Cal.Rptr. 217, 503 P.2d 921.) Under the model Penal Code of the American Law Institute (Proposed Official Draft 1962) the closest offense appears to be 'sexual assault' (s 213.4), a misdemeanor punishable by a maximum of one year's imprisonment and a fine up to $1,000. (ss 6.03, 6.08.) Under the proposed Federal Criminal Code prepared by the National Commission on Reform of Federal Criminal Laws (Study Draft 1970) there is no offense that even remotely resembles that defined in section 647a. But a revised version of the code now before the Congress (S. 1 94th Cong., 1st Sess.) contains a section proscribing 'unlawful sexual contact' (s 1645), a class B misdemeanor under circumstances analogous to those present here (see ss 1645, 1643, subd. (c)(1)), and the penalty for a class B misdemeanor is a jail term of up to 6 months. (s 2301, subd. (b)(7).)
26. That is also what section 647a provided before it was amended in 1952 (see text at fns. 9, 11, Supra), so the severability question addressed in Leaming would, in any event, be a moot one.
COBEY, Associate Justice.
FORD, P.J. and ALLPORT, J., concur. Hearing denied; CLARK, J., dissenting.


text:
Dwayne Bravo signs for Middlesex ahead of T20 Blast
Bravo will represent Middlesex in the first six matches of the campaign, making his debut against Surrey at Lord's on July 5.
London 09 May, 2018 21:08 IST
Dwayne Bravo has helped West Indies win the ICC World T20 tournament on two occasions. (File Photo) - Twitter @westindies
West Indies all-rounder Dwayne Bravo has signed for English county side Middlesex for 2018's Twenty20 Vitality Blast. Bravo, who has helped West Indies win the ICC World T20 tournament on two occasions, will represent Middlesex in the first six matches of the campaign, making his debut against Surrey at Lord's on July 5.
"I've been fortunate enough, throughout my career, to have played all around the world and Lord's in London is a place that really excites me," said Bravo.
"Dwayne is one of the most exciting and best T20 players in the world. He can win games of cricket with bat or ball," said Middlesex managing director of cricket, Angus Fraser.
T20 Blast

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


6 GOINGS ON ABOUT TOWN century Chinese paintings: Decorators Club, Squibb Bldg., 745 5 Ave.; through Feb. 2. . . . Recent paintings by Philip Evergood: 1v10ntross, 785 5 Ave.; through Feb. 2. . . . Exhibition by members of the lvIt. Bethel Art Colony: Newton, 11-13 E. 57. . . . Paintings by lv1ary E. Dignam: Durand-Ruel, 12 E. 57; through Feb. 9. . . . Oils, water colors, and lithographs by Esther Pressoir: Ten Dollar Gallery, 152 E. 35. MUSIC (Performances begin at 3 and 8 :30 P.M., unless otherwise specified, and are listed in chronological order. ) RECITALS ADELE lv1ARCUS AND SONIA EssIN-Reviving the joint recital, a weIl-recommended pianist and con- tralto being the revivors: TO\vn Hall, Fri. Eve., Feb. 1. ROBERT GOLDSAND--Return of an exceptional young pianist: Town Hall, Sat. Aft., Feb. 2. EMANUEL LIsT-The :Metropolitan basso has him- sel f an afternoon of Lieder: Town Hall, Sun. Aft., Feb. 3. BEATRICE HARRISON-An eminent lady 'cellist from England tours again: Town Hall, Sun. Eve., Feb. 3. LOTTE LEHMANN-In recital. A must: Town Hall, Wed. Eve., Feb. 6. SASCHA GORODNITZKI-Able young pianist in a va- riety of matters: Carnegie Hall, \Ved. Eve., Feb. 6. FRANCIS ::MACMILLEN-An accomplished native vio- linist returns to us: Town Hall, Fri. Eve., Feb. 8. SHURA CHERKASSKy-Erstwhile W'llnderkind play- ing an unusual program of piano music: Town Hall, Sat. Aft., Feb. 9. lvhsCHA ELMAN-Himself: Carnegie Hall, Sat. Aft., Feb. 9. ORCHESTRAS PHILHARMONIC-SYMPHONy-Toscanini conducting: Carnegie Hall, Thurs. Eve., Jan. 31, at 8:45; Fri. Aft., Feb. 1, at 2 :30; Sat. Eve., Feb. 2, at 8 :45; Sun. Aft., Feb. 3. . . . Janssen conducting: Carnegie Hall, Thurs. Eve., Feb. 7, at 8 :45; Fri. Aft., Feb. 8, at 2 :30; Sat. Eve., Feb. 9, at 8 :45. BOSTON SYMPHONY - Koussevitzky conducting: Brooklyn Academy of lv1 usic, Thurs. Eve., Jan. 31, at 8:15. . . . Carnegie Hall, Fri. Eve., Feb. 1, at 8 :45; Sat. Aft., Feb. 2, at 2 :30. OLD VIENNA SYMPHONy-Hilb conducting: Town Hall, Sat. Eve., Feb. 2. OPERA 1IETROPOLITAN- H La Traviata," Thurs. Eve., Jan. 31, at 8:30; "Tristan und Isolde," special benefit performance, Fri. Aft. Feb. 1, at 1 :45; "Faust," Fri. Eve., Feb. 1, at 8:15; "Die Walküre," Sat. Aft., Feb. 2, at 1 :45; "lv1adama Butterfly," Sat. Eve., Feb. 2, at 8 :30; Opera Concert, Sun. Eve., Feb. 3. (See daily papers for later operas.) The Wagner lv1atinée Cycle will open with "Das Rheingold," Fri. Aft., Feb. 8, at 2. IvhNNEHAHA-Engels' American opera based on Longfellow's "Hiawatha": lv1anhattan Opera House, 34, W. of 8 Ave.; Eves. at 8:30; lv1at. Sat. at 2 :30. LADY lv1ACBETH OF J\1ZENsK-Only K ew York per- formance of Shostakovich's opera, with the Cleve- land Orchestra, Rodzinski conducting, under the auspices of the League of Composers: 1Yletropoli. tan Opera House, Tues. Eve., Feb. 5, at 8:15. ON THE AIR PRO ARTE STRING QUARTET-Continuing their series of Beethoven concerts: Fri. and Sat. Afts., Feb. 1 and 2, at 4:15, W ABC. SYBIL THORNDIKE-With Brian Aherne, Edmund Gwenn, and Nicholas Hannen, in a discussion on the English versus the American stage: Fri. Eve., Feb. 1, at 6:15, WJZ. DFAUX-ARTS BALL-Description of the annual af- fair at the Waldorf: Fri. Eve., Feb. 1, at 12 midnight, WJZ; at 12: 15, Wlv1CA; and at 12 :30, W ABC. J\'1ETROPOLITAN OPERA-"Die Walküre," with Alt- house, List, Schorr, Kappel, and Kirsten Flag- sted making her début as Sieglinde: Sat. Aft., Feb. 2, at 1 :45, WEAF- WJZ. \V ANAMAKER JVIrLE-Ted Husing's account of the feature event in the 1Y1iIlrose lv1eet at the Gar- den, with Cunningham, Bonthron, and others competing: Sat. Eve., Feb. 2, at 10, W ABC. AMERICAN COMPOSERS HouR-Presenting native contemporary composers playing their own sonat- as for violin and piano with Eddy Brown, violin- ist: Sun. .Morns. at 11, WORe OPERA GUILD--"La Tosca," with Helen Jepson and Richard Crooks, under the direction of Deems Taylor: Sun. Eve., Feb. 3, at 8, WEAF. IGOR STRAVINSKY AND GLADYS SWARTHOUT-Con- ductor and soloist of this week's General Motors Concert: Sun. Eve., Feb. 3, at 8, WJZ. EDDIE CANTOR-The popular comedian returns to the air, with Rubinoff's orchestra: Sun. Eves. (starting Feb. 3) at 8, W ABC. GREGOR PIATIGORSKy-'Cello soloist with the Ford Symphony, Kolar conducting: Sun. Eve., Feb. 3, at 9, W ABC. ELSA SCHIAPARELLI-She will speak on trends in style, during the broadcast describing the open- ing of her new collection in Paris: 110n. Aft., Feb. 4, at 12 :45, W ABC. [THIS LISTING COVERS THE TEN DAYS FROM THURSDAY, JANUARY 31, THROUGH SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 9.] RADIO GUILD--"Old Words to New Music," a mu- sical satire on "Hamlet," imported from London, has its first airing here: Mon. Aft.. Feb. 4, at 3, WJZ. ST ANLEY BALDwIN-Speaking from London on "The Future Policy of Great Britain in India": Tues. Aft., Feb. 5, at 5, WJZ. CONCERTS - N.B.C. lv1usic Guild: Thurs. and lv10n. at 2, WJZ; Fri. at 4 :30, Tues. at 1 :30, WEAF. . . . Rochester Philharmonic, Hanson conducting: Thurs. at 3 :15, WJZ. . . . Music Appreciation Hour, Damrosch conducting: Fri. at 11 A.M., WEAF-\VJZ. . . . :Minneapolis Symphony, Ormandy conducting: Fri. at 3 :15, W ABC. . . . Abram Chasins: Sat. at 12 :30, W ABC. . . . Cleveland String Quartet: Sun. at 11 A.M., WABC. . . . Philharmonic-Symphony, Toscanini conducting: Sun. at 3, W ABC. . . . Mme. Schumann-Heink: Sun. .at 5, WEAF. . . . Lucrezia Bori: lv10n. at 9, W ABC. . . . Gladys Swarthout: Mon. at 8 :30, WEAF. . . . St. Louis Symphony, Golschmann conducting: 1vIon. at 11 :30, WEAF. . . . Egon Petri: lv10n. at 10:45, vVJZ. . . . Gilbert and Sullivan Operas: Tues. at 2 :30, WJZ. . . . Understanding J\;Iusic: Tues. at 6 :30, W ABC. . . . Lawrence Tibbett: Tues. at 8 :30, WJZ. . . . Grace 1100re: Tues. at 9, WJZ. . . . Alfred Wallenstein's Sinfonietta: Tues. at 10 :30, WORe . . . Curtis Institute Con- cert: Wed. at 4:15, W ABC. . . . Rochester Civic Orchestra, Harrison conducting: Wed. at 4 :30, vVJZ. . . . Lily Pons: Wed. at 9, WABC. . . . John '.McCormack: Wed. at 9 :30, WJZ. (Times are P.M.) SOME OTHER WEEKLY FEATURES-Ruth Etting: Thurs. at 7 :45, WJZ. . . . Rudy Vallée's Vari- eties: Thurs. at 8, WEAF. . . . Captain Henry's Show Boat: Thurs. at 9, WEAF. . . . Fred War- ing's Pennsylvanians: Thurs. at 9 :30, W ABC. . . . Paul Whiteman: Thurs. at 10, WEAF. _ . . Hockey games at Madison Square Garden: Thurs., Sun., and Tues. at 10, Wlv1CA. . . . Beatrice Lillie: Fri. at 9, WJZ. . . . The March of Time: Fri.at 9, W ABC. . . . Phil Baker: Fri. at 9 :30, "'.JZ. . . . William A. Brady: Sat. at 10:15, WABC.... Alexander vVoollcott: Sun. at 7, W ABC. . . . Jack Benny: Sun. at 7, WJZ. . . . Will Rogers: Sun. at 7 :30, W ABC. . . . Kate Smith: lv10n. at 8:30, WABC. . . . Otto Har- bach: lvIon. at 9 :30, WEAF. . . . Bing Crosby and the lvIills Brothers Tues. at 9, W ABC. . . . The Beauty Box Theatre: Tues. at 10, WEAF. . . . Mary Pickford: Wed. at 8, WEAF. . . . Everett lv1arshall: Wed. at 8:30, W ABC. . . . Fred Allen: Wed. at 9, WEAF. . . . Burns and Allen: \Ved. at 9:30, WABC... . Byrd Antarctic Expedition: Wed. at 10, W ABC. (Times are P.M.) SPORTS BASKETBALL-At Madison Square Garden: Ford- ham vs. Purdue, and l\1anhattan vs. C.C.N.Y., Sat. Eve., Feb. 9, at 8:15. BOXING-At lv1adison Sq. Garden, James Braddock vS. Art Lasky, Fri. Eve., Feb. 8; preliminaries at 8 :30 P.M. L 1 ß"^ \ : ',:',: 4 t . ,' tI 1.c:J ;<<!.. . ,.:" 0 . i J;t;;î <; !f"'; ')".' ' .:<:: } 'r' ,.:., . , " : : ' ;,. ,,' ..( ; '.,?:: ....;r , ;,( "<...: ....? JO-;' r . ; ; '.; , .:-;, \..! 'i.i ' . It' )?:. :; " " -,J/' ' > :ij i ,i <'';5 . ::1 \ I : i !,' < ;J::'> . ;:';"/r :, '" j): . _ J'-' ., , -, /l " . , .. . 1' O'"f" ..:" ..... .J.. . r . . f" <.u ø..P u..c a u. 'r " DOG SHows-The Riding Club's Hound Show: 7 W. 66, Fri., Feb. 1, starting at 9 A.M. . . . Amer- ican Fox Terrier Club Specialty Show, Hotel Edison, Sat., Feb. 9. FENCING-Foils, épées, and sabres, individual ju- nior championships, qualifying preliminaries: N ew York Athletic Club, Tues. through Fri., Feb. 5-8. HOCKEy-At Madison Square Garden-Profession- al games, 8:45 P.M.: Americans vs. lv10ntreal, Thurs. Eve., Jan. 31; Rangers vs. Detroit, Sun. Eve., Feb. 3; Americans vS. St. Louis, Tues. Eve., Feb. 5; Rangers vs. Americans, Thurs. Eve., Feb. 7. . . . Amateur games: Sun. Afts. at 2. INDOOR POLo--At Squadron A Armory, Madison at 94-Sat. Eve., Feb. 2: Essex Troop vs. Boul- der Brook; P.lvLC. vs. The Riding Club. At 105th Field Artillery Armory, Franklin Ave. at 166, Bronx-New York Athletic Club's annual tournament, Sat., Feb. 2, through Sat., Feb. 9. INDOOR TRACK-Annual Millrose A.A. Games: lv1adison Square Garden, Sat. Eve., Feb. 2, at 8. WINTER SPORTs-The New Haven R.R. will oper- ate a "snow train" on Sun., Feb. 3, to Norfolk, Conn., in the Berkshire foothills, where you can spend five hours skiing, snowshoeing, and tobog- ganing 011 a thousand-acre reservation. (Leave Grand Central 8 :25 A.M.; returning 8 :35 P.M.) OTHER EVENTS PUBLIC BALLs-The Beaux-Arts Ball, "George III Regrets" : Waldorf-Astoria, Fri. Eve., Feb. 1. Guests must be in costumes of the Regency pe- riod (1810), English, Scotch, Welsh, or Irish, only. . . . The Silver Spoon Dinner and Supper Dance, for the benefit of the Spence Alumnae Association: Ritz-Carlton, Thurs. Eve., Feb. 7. A UTO RACING-Midget automobile races on a fifth- of - a-mile indoor dirt track: New York Coliseum, E. 11 f, Bronx, Sun. Afts. at 2, and Wed. Eves. at 8. BURTON HOLMES-This week's subject is "Italy": Carnegie Hall, Sun. Eve., Feb. 3, at 8 :30, and lv10n. Aft., Feb. 4, at 2 :30. AUCTIONS-At the American-Anderson Galleries, lv1adison at 57-Superb etchings by modern mas- ters, from the Allen, Colgate, and other collec- tions: Thurs. and Fri. Eves., Jan. 31 and Feb. 1, at 8:15. . . . Tapestries, Oriental rugs, English silver, furniture, and decorations, from the col- lections of lv1rs. Stephen H. P. Pell and others: Sat. Aft., Feb. 2, at 2: 15. . . . First editions and private press books, the library formed by Abra- ham Goldsmith, and other collections: Thurs. and FH. Afts., Feb. 7 and 8, at 2:15.... Paint- ings, mostly nineteenth-century, from various collections: Fri. Eve., Feb. 8, at 8: 15. COMING EVENTS (Our monthly reminder for readers who look ahead. ) DOG SHOWS - Associated Terrier Clubs Show, Grand Central Palace, Feb. 10. . . . The West- minster Kennel Club Show, 1v1adison Square Garden, Feb. l1-L3. . . . Newark Kennel Club Show, Sussex Ave. Armory, Newark, N.J., Feb. 14. l\iusIc-Orchestras: Philharmonic-Symphony, Tos- canini conducting, Feb. 13-24; Lange conducting, Feb. 27-lv1ar. 3. Philadelphia Orchestra, Klemper- er conducting, Feb. 19. Boston Symphony, Kous- sevitzky conducting, Feb. 28 and lv1ar. 2. (All at Carnegie Hall). . . . Important recitals at Carnegie Hall: Chaliapin, Feb. 24; Spalding, Feb. 26. At Town Hall: Segovia, Feb. 16 and 23; Slenczynski, Feb. 20; Myra Hess, Feb. 27. . . . ::\1.etropolitan Opera season continues through 11ar. 31. Wagner lv1atinée Cycle: "Das Rhein. gold," Feb. 8; "Die Walküre," Feb. 15; "Sieg- fried," Feb. 22; "Götterdämmerung," Feb. 28; "Die Meistersinger," lv1ar. 14. RACING-Hialeah Park, Miami, Fla., through Mar. 9. . . . Tropical Park, Fla., Mar. 11-31. TENNIs-Women's National Indoor Championships, 7th Regt. Armory, Feb. 18-23. . . . lv1en's Na- tional Indoor Championships, 7th Regt. Armory, l\lar. 11-16. THEATRE OPENINGS (Dates uncertain)- Tallulah Bankhead in a revival of "Rain": lv1 usic Box, Feb. 11. . . . "The Simpleton of the Unexpected Isles," the latest G. B. Shaw play, with AlIa Nazimova and Romney Brent: Guild, Feb. 18. . . . "Awake and Sing!", by Clifford Odets, pro- duced by the Group Theatre: Belasco, Feb. 18. . . . lv10scow Art Players: lv1ajestic, about Feb. 18. . . . Revival of "The Green Pastures": lv1ansfield, Feb. 26. TRACK lv1EETS-At Madison Square Garden: N.Y. A.C. Meet, Feb. 16; National A.A.V. Champion- ships, Feb. 23; Intercollegiate A.A.A.A. Cham- pionships, lvIar. 2. W INTER SPORTS - Dartmouth Winter Carnival, Hanover, N.H., Feb. 8 and 9. . . . Ice Skating Carnival, Auditorium, Atlantic City, N.J., Feb. 11. . . . Annual Ski Tournament, Norfolk, Conn., Feb. 16 and 17. . . . Figure Skating Champion- ships of North America, lVIontreal, Canada, Feb. 21 and 22. OTHER DATES-Russian Students Ball: Ritz-Carl- ton, Feb. 15. . . . Emerald Ball, Waldorf-Astoria, lv1ar. 1. . . . Six-Day Bike Race, lv1adison Square Garden, lv1ar. 3-9. . . . Lent begins lv1ar. 6. . . . The Artists' Ball, Webster Hall, 1YIar 8.


It's a tribute to ecumenical sensibilities of fine-arts elder statesman Patrick Harris and makeup artist Holland Berson that an Ace of Base cover band and a metal group par excellence shared billing at the Delurk gallery on Sunday evening.
It was a going-away party for Harris, who is decamping for Charleston, SC, and a birthday gathering for Berson, a UNC School of the Arts graduate.
The four bands that performed for the free show — a kind of movable feast with three different setups —gave of themselves generously. Some of them hadn't played together in a long spell, but they came out of the woodwork for Berson and Harris, who has been an enthusiastic supporter of the music scene for several years. In the same spirit, Dane Walters designed a poster featuring a skull-like alien dressed in a space suit for the occasion.
The wide net cast by the two friendships captured an assorted group of artists and musicians who filled the subterranean art space on West Sixth Street in Winston-Salem on Sunday. A young man dressed in a denim vest with a Clash iron-on, dudes whose shaved heads were partially covered with elaborate tattoos, ladies in sundresses with small tattoos gracing their necks, artist-hipster types pushing the mid-life hump — they all eagerly received Ace de Base. A cover band of the 1990s Swedish pop act? Why yes! Between fake accents, technical difficulties and cultural miscues — "All that she wants/ is another baby" sounds like a paternalistic putdown of Ronald Reagan's supposed welfare queens until you consider that Sweden's social-welfare system, in some circumstances, might actually reduce men to sperm-donor status— the performance provided a danceable, fun release. If Ace de Base shared anything with the other bands on the bill it would have to be an unreserved commitment to the moment.
Having taken a hiatus so that two members could open Hoots Roller Bar, Honey Rider reconvened with a single practice after a yearlong dormancy. The resurrected outfit, with Eric Swaim trading his guitar in for bass, Julianne Harper on drums and Ryan Pritts on sax — played with fierce looseness. The spare presentation of the bass, albeit distorted by volume and played with a melodic sensibility, allowed the tribal insistence of Harper's drumming to come to the fore. Pritts' sax playing meandered over the groove in molten bursts of exuberance and sorrow.
The repetition of the verse in second song performed by the band ("I love you in the morning until the afternoon/ I'll see you in the evening, darling, and not a moment too soon") allowed for a modulation of intensity and warp in timing. "Bring You Down," dedicated to Harris, came across as both thoughtful and ferocious at the same time, building up to Swaim's snarling vocals matched by Harper's rapid-fire drumming. A sing-along transpired, Swaim and Harper converged the bass and drum into a unified stomp, Pritts conjured an agonized animal cry from the sax and Swaim coaxed a gnarled melody from the bass. Awesome.
After Harris and Walters presented a birthday cake replete with plastic dinosaurs to Berson, Jews and Catholics kicked off their set. Alanna Meltzer-Holderfield and Eddie Garcia, the band's core duo, were presented with roses during the first song.
They drew most of their material from their 2013 long-player Civilized, with Garcia harvesting wild sonic power from four electric guitars processed through an array of pedals and Meltzer-Holderfield commanding elemental strength from her upright bass, played both plucked and bowed. It's an arrangement that's fairly unique in rock music and since its inception in 2005 Jews and Catholics has been able to lay claim to an utterly distinct sound to become one of the most consistently interesting bands in the Winston-Salem scene.
"Tokyo" opened with Garcia's emotionally naked vocals and one-chord guitar attack. When Meltzer-Holderfield began bowing her bass, it evoked an electrical current sufficient to power a major urban commuter rail system.
As a scrum of moshers knocked over Garcia's amp, tumbled to the floor and then quickly righted the equipment, the guitarist executed a fearsome solo that was the aural equivalent of ripping the entrails out of a beast.
The technical and stylistic reach of Garcia's playing is another element of the band's draw. Any given song might mix and match metal, psychedelia, math and blues, boiling those genres into a reconstituted blend that comes out as the unholy exorcism of Garcia's unruly passions.
Uzzard, a Walkertown metal band with about a decade of gigging and recording on its résumé, closed the night. As primal and powerful exemplar of the genre as one could ask for, the crowd was ready to go nuts for them. Their set moved from sludgy rage to sonic brutality, inspiring playful mischief and attentive listening in equal parts from the audience.
Daniel Marshall's vocals never wavered from a low growl. His bass playing melded in a cohesive tour de force with Dustin Horton and Tim Pegram's guitars, with Clif Avery's fusillade of drumming usually erupting a couple beats before the riff.
Prompted in part by a string of friendly obscenities directed at Harris by Marshall, Uzzard's final song erupted in a mosh pit that resulted in a stack of amps tumbling down and a half-full beer can or two skittering across the floor. Not the happiest of endings, but most excess energy was burned off by that point.


text:
Kakanien Revisited > weblogs > jobs > 2009 > Juni > PostDoc Fellowshop Jewish...
PostDoc Fellowshop Jewish Studies Washington
[ PostdoktorandInnen | Postdoc Positions ]
The Jewish Studies Program in the College of Arts and Sciences at American University invites applications for a one-year postdoctoral Schusterman Teaching Fellowship, beginning Fall 2009. Applicants should hold a Ph.D. or have completed their doctorate by August 2009; be prepared to teach, advise, and mentor undergraduate students in Jewish Studies; and have demonstrated excellence in scholarship and teaching in any area of Jewish Studies which complements the strengths of the existing program. Pending approval, during AY 2010-11, the successful applicant would be appointed Visiting Assistant Professor in Jewish Studies. Application deadline: April 22, 2009.
Send a letter of application addressing teaching and research interests and experience, curriculum vitae, and three letters of recommendation to the Search Committee, Jewish Studies Program, American University, Washington, DC 20016-8042. For best consideration applications should be complete by April 22, 2009. Direct inquiries to Prof. Pamela S. Nadell. American University is an AA/EEO employer, committed to a diverse faculty, staff, and student body. Woman and minority candidates are strongly encouraged to apply.
The Schusterman Teaching Fellowship is part of the Jewish Studies Expansion Program, a new initiative that aims to expand the number and breadth of Jewish studies courses in order to provide greater opportunity for Jewish learning and engagement at participating schools. Successful applicants will be dynamic individuals with strong academic credentials and a desire to raise the visibility of Jewish studies on campus and beyond. The Jewish Studies Expansion Program is a program of the Foundation for Jewish Culture, supported by the Charles and Lynn Schusterman Family Foundation. For more information about the program please contact pzak@jewishculture.org or visit www.jewishculture.org.


text:
Aylesh Myfreecams
June 1, 2022 by davidloftus.shop
MyFreeCams is a site that provides free webcams. It offers a mobile-friendly interface, a mix of professional and amateur models. In this review, we will take a look at the features of this site and give you our take on this site. Is it a safe platform?
MyFreeCams offers a free adult webcam site that has more than 5 million users and over 100,000+ models. It has a tip system, which encourages users to tip performers. You can also access past shows archived by paying a membership.
MyFreeCams has a mobile-friendly interface that allows you to take snapshots of models. There are both professional and amateur models on the cam site. Users can easily skip the account creation process, although a valid email id is required. Logging in allows users to view photos of clients and tip models as well as enter private shows.
MyFreeCams is an excellent choice for lesbians who want to view models online. The site features a free feed for nearly 90% of users, which is a good number. Users can also chat with other MyFreeCams users through their profiles. You can also comment on the profiles of other members. Members can also view several webcams at a time and send private messages to models.
MyFreeCams, a webcam app for free, features a mobile interface. Its user-friendly design perfectly fits any smartphone or tablet screen, and brings a richer experience. The company has ported its fully customizable interface from the desktop to mobile, while preserving flawless performance and usability. It also supports all features available on the desktop version. Customers love the app's seamless mobile experience and outstanding customer service.
MyFreeCams allows you to view live cam models from a secure platform. It does not require members to provide any personal information. It also has strict anti-fraud coverage. The platform's assistance team detects any suspicious behavior and takes action to remove it. The website uses the most advanced software to protect its users and their privacy.
MyFreeCams accepts credit, debit, and gift cards. You can also pay by bank wire transfer or third-party payment processor. All transactions made on the website are secure and encrypted. In addition, you will never be charged anything extra when using the service. MyFreeCams is safe and doesn't require registration.
Another feature that distinguishes MyFreeCams from other webcam sites is the matching system. It matches users according to their preferences. Users can search by skin color, body type, and sex. You will be presented with a selection of models that match your preferences. This feature is missing in many webcam platforms.
MyFreeCams is a free community chat that is predominantly tipping-based. Models set their own tip targets and offer a menu of actions viewers can buy. Some models offer private shows and pay a fee to view them, but the best content is available to paying users and subscribers. Most models have an option to Go Private to make their video content more exclusive.
Chicago Myfreecams Camgirl
Babyshay Myfreecams


There is none of the reports under the reports menu pick up the Super Payment if payment is made via Pay super function.
Imagine an employee comes to us, saying his superfund has not received the payment. I have nothing to show them, proving we paid and MYOB pay super department has received that contribution payment in right amount with correct fund details, employee member number and TFN.
So I would appreciate if better reporting for the pay super function can be developed, as a report of this nature is absolutely necessary.
"Receipt or report that shows payments made through pay super"
Please note that this feature has been incorporated into the software as of AccountRight v2015.1 onwards.
In the Index to Reports window, under the Payroll tab > Superannuation Payments heading, the two reports listed (Payments by Employee and Payments by Fund) now have a filter option to narrow it down by contributions paid via Pay Superannuation.
We do believe this added functionality will be one that will benefit a lot of clients, and would like to thank everyone for taking the time to vote and comment for the idea.
Is the Super paid reprot available now. How can I print it. As I need to submit it to ATO.
As mentioned you can run the Reports>>Payroll>>Superannuation Payments>>Either the "Payments by Employee" or "Payments by Fund" report. There is the option for a Payment Type filter, this can be changed to be Pay Superannuation to show the superannuation payments made via Pay Superannuation.
Please note that this relates to the AccountRight 2015.1 and above versions, of which AccountRight 2016.2 is the current version.
I would like to be able to print a superannuation payment transaction that shows the list of employees, payroll category & superannuation fund and amounts in date order and totalled by superannuation payment number (i.e. PSxxxxx) (i.e. similar to the 'Electronic payments register' report).
Currently we are taking 'screen shots' of our superannuation payments (per payment number) under 'manage payments' and printing those, which is not ideal.
I agree, I believe it is vital that MYOB provide confirmation to an Employer that it has in fact successfully deposited SG funds and delivered on its obligations and that this information is available when requested by an Employee or Authorising Body.
I have in the past used the ATO Super Clearing House and it normally takes about 24-48 hours for a business to receive an email from the ATO Super Clearing House to advise that super distributions have been processed successfully. Similarly, should there be an issue with a staff's super payment they provide you with the opportunity to go back in and correct the super issue.
Using MYOB's "Pay Superannuation" feature for the first time ( 6/4/2017) I'm still waiting to receive confirmation that the payment has been processed and distributed to the various funds. I have been advised by MYOB to check the "Manage Payments" section under "Payroll" however the status "Completed" which you would think means that the funds have been distributed, actually only means "The payment has been processed, and contributions are being paid into your employees' superannuation funds", as of today 12/4/2017, there is still no sign of the funds being deposited into MY FUND let alone my Employees Funds. I'm concerned on a) how much time it is taking for MYOB to process this payment and if it doesn't reach the Super Funds by the Deadline Date, I would assume MYOB is liable ???? and b) How do I prove to my employees that the business has delivered on it's Super Obligations??
The problem with the Superannuation Report is that it draws from employee card and not the actual transaction.
Therefore if you run the report "Superannuation Payments by Fund" using payment type "Pay Superannuation" it will show the current super fund and member number for that employee.
Therefore if you run the report after the employee card has been changed it will show that you made the payment to the current super fund and not the actual one as per the "pay superannuation" transaction.
Also the report does not show totals to match to the actual payment.


text:
SPEED BUILD the Yule Ball Dance Floor | LEGO Harry Potter House Cup Competition
#ad Welcome to the LEGO Harry Potter House Cup Competition! After being Sorted into their Hogwarts houses, four friends will compete in a race to build the Yule Ball dance floor from the Hogwarts Clock Tower Playset the fastest!
►► Subscribe for More: https://at.nick.com/Subscribe
►► Watch More from Nick: https://at.nick.com/NewNickVideos
►► SpongeBob on YouTube: https://at.nick.com/SpongeBobOfficial
►► NickRewind on YouTube: https://at.nick.com/NickRewind
►► All That on YouTube: https://at.nick.com/AllThat
►► What's On TV? : https://at.nick.com/TVSchedule
Catch More on Nick!
GET MORE NICKELODEON:
Like Nick: https://at.nick.com/Facebook
Follow Nick: https://at.nick.com/Twitter
Nick Instagram: https://at.nick.com/NickIG
Like SpongeBob: https://at.nick.com/SpongeBobFacebook
Follow SpongeBob: https://at.nick.com/SpongeBobTwitter
SpongeBob Instagram: https://at.nick.com/SpongeBobIG
Like NickRewind: https://at.nick.com/NickRewindFacebook
Follow NickRewind: https://at.nick.com/NickRewindTwitter
NickRewind Instagram: https://at.nick.com/NickRewindIG
Like All That: https://at.nick.com/AllThatFacebook
Follow All That: https://at.nick.com/AllThatIG
Visit the Official Site: https://at.nick.com/Official
Get the App: https://at.nick.com/App
Nickelodeon is the number-one brand for kids with original cartoons, sitcoms, movies, award shows, products, and more! Here on our Nickelodeon YouTube channel you'll find the shows and animated series you know and love like Danger Force, SpongeBob SquarePants, The Loud House, The Casagrandes, Tyler Perry's Young Dylan, Ollie's Pack, It's Pony, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, Henry Danger, ALVINNN!!! and The Chipmunks, and more! You'll also get exclusive access to fun Nick recipes, DIY projects, how-tos, and a behind the scenes look at the lives of your favorite Nick stars including That Girl Lay Lay, Annie LeBlanc, Jayden Bartels, and Jace Norman! What more could you ask for? Join the fun!


text:
Alcohol / Dual Wielding / Television
Talk of The Town: Batman Assault on Arkham
by Earl Rufus · April 18, 2014
Whether or not intended for general viewing, the trailer for DC's next next DTV (Son of Batman is due out in a few weeks) is up on Youtube. Batman Assault on Arkham will serve as DC's 21st original animated film and who knows how many starring Batman!
The film will be the first to tie into another universe as it shares the same universe as the Batman Arkham-series of games (though a case could be made for Justice League: Crisis on Two Earths being a part of Justice League/Justice League Unlimited). What is most exciting about this project is it will be the first original storyline in more than 3 years (since Green Lantern Emerald Knights), while I appreciate DC's adaptions it is always nice to get new stories and be a little surprised!
Even more exciting since this is tied into the Arkham-game verse we get the return of some popular voice actors. First, and always most importantly, Kevin Conroy will reprise his role as Batman for the film, the first time he has done so since his stint in last summer's Justice League: Flashpoint Paradox (Though he wasn't the film's main Batman), CCH Pounder will reprise her role as Amanda Waller a role she played on Justice League Unlimited, surprisingly Hynden Walch will voice Harley Quinn a role she had on The Batman, just surprising they went to her over Tara Strong from the actual games. The Joker sounds like Mark Hamill, but based on his performance in Batman: Arkham Origins, we're going to assume it is Troy Baker since Hamill has reportedly resigned from the role.
In addition to Batman, The Joker, Harley Quinn and Amanda Waller, the movie will feature the Suicide Squad! The first time they've been included in a DTV. In this film, the Squad consists of Harley Quinn, Deadshot, Killer Frost, Captain Boomerang, King Shark (who doesn't seem to be an actual shark) and a final member we can't quite place (though it looks like Black Spider or Black or Talon).
Based on tying into the video game, we would place this movie in-between the end of Batman: Arkham Origins and the start of Batman: Arkham Asylum. The story seems to be a race against the clock as Batman, The Joker and the Suicide Squad all engage in combat with their own agenda at Arkham Asylum.
Speaking of the game, the movie seems to borrow heavily from the game's aesthetic designs. Luckily for us, while it uses the art from the game's world, it doesn't quite go for the big, bulky look that the game's tend to have. Instead, we get a nice clean-look that is different from recent DTVs.
From what we've seen, this seems to be a most interesting project. While no release date was giving, we would peg this for a late September/early October release date. More information as it follows.
Tags: 209990s kidhawkguymagiksoa
151 Proof Movies: BloodRayne
Poll Position: Favorite Spider-man Villain
The A-Z of Geek Cinema: F is for Fight Club
Next story The New.Now: Solar Man of the Atom #1 Review
Previous story Comic Book Reviews Frank's Haul 4/16/2014


text:
La Contrarellotge per equips d'Eindhoven 2007, 3a i darrera edició de la Contrarellotge per equips d'Eindhoven, es va disputar el 24 de juny de 2007. La contrarellotge es va disputar pels voltants d'Eindhoven.

En aquesta prova el temps es pren sobre el 5è corredor de l'equip en passar la línia d'arribada. D'aquesta manera cal que cada equip finalitzi la prova amb un mínim de 5 corredors.

El CSC es va endur la victòria per davant del Tinkoff. La diferència entre els dos equips fou de sols 43 centèssimes de segon. L'equip Milram fou el tercer, a 13".

El Discovery Channel hauria estat el vencedor de la carrera si no hagués estat per una punxada patida per Tomas Vaitkus a l'últim kilòmetre, quan sols quedaven 5 ciclistes a l'equip estatunidenc. Això va fer que, encara que els 4 primers ciclistes milloressin el temps del CSC, no fos fins a l'entrada de Vaitkus a meta quan es tanqués el temps, quedant a 24" del primer classificat, en 4a posició.

Classificació final
 24.06.2007. Eindhoven, 48,6 km

Composició dels equips
 1r: Team CSC: Bobby Julich, Marcus Ljungqvist, Christian Vande Velde, Michael Blaudzun, Nicki Sorensen, David Zabriskie, Luke Roberts i Matthew Goss
 2n: Tinkoff Credit Systems: Daniele Contrini, Salvatore Commesso, Alexander Serov, Pàvel Brut, Mikhaïl Ignàtiev, Vassil Kirienka, Ivan Rovni i Nikolai Trússov
 3r: Team Milram: Martin Muller, Alessandro Cortinovis, Marcel Sieberg, Brett Lancaster, Andrí Hrivko, Christian Knees, Volodomir Dyudya i Niki Terpstra

Enllaços externs
 Pàgina oficial de la cursa

UCI ProTour 2007
Competicions ciclistes neerlandeses
Esport a Eindhoven

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


We constantly turn to our favorite celebrities for style inspiration. While A-listers like Gigi Hadid and Victoria Beckham consistently step out in fashion-forward ensembles on the red carpet, their outfits are often made up of high-end designer finds rather than affordable items we can actually incorporate into our own wardrobes. But believe it or not, when it comes to everyday denim, Hadid, Beckham, and more celebs seem to be unanimously on board with one specific budget-friendly pair: Levi's 501 jeans.
The denim style, which first hit the market in 1873 (yes, they're almost 145 years old!), have been a staple for decades because of the quality and classic silhouette. These days, 501s have evolved into an offering of many different fits, washes, and colors, but one key factor remains the same —most of the pairs ring in at just $98. Curious about how your favorite celebrities rock these jeans? Keep scrolling for primo style inspo, and shop a variety of 501s as well.


text:
Q: How to persist a lot of entities (JPA) I need to process a CSV file and for each record (line) persist an entity. Right now, I do it this way:
while ((line = reader.readNext()) != null) {
    Entity entity = createEntityObject(line);
    entityManager.save(entity);
    i++;
}

where the save(Entity) method is basically just an EntityManager.merge() call. There are about 20,000 entities (lines) in the CSV file. Is this an effective way to do it? It seems to be quite slow. Would it be better to use EntityManager.persist()? Is this solution flawed in any way?
EDIT
It's a lengthy process (over 400s) and I tried both solutions, with persist and merge. Both take approximately the same amount of time to complete (459s vs 443s). The question is if saving the entities one by one like this is optimal. As far as I know, Hibernate (which is my JPA provider) does implement some cache/flush functionality so I shouldn't have to worry about this.

A: I think one common way to do this is with transactions. If you begin a new transaction and then persist a large number of objects, they won't actually be inserted into the DB until you commit the transaction.  This can gain you some efficiencies if you have a large number of items to commit.
Check out EntityManager.getTransaction

A: To make it go faster, at least in Hibernate, you would do a flush() and a clear() after a certain number of inserts. I have done this approach for millions of records and it works. It's still slow, but it's much faster than not doing it. The basic structure is like this:
int i = 0;
for(MyThingy thingy : lotsOfThingies) {

    dao.save(thingy.toModel())

    if(++i % 20 == 0) {
        dao.flushAndClear();
    }

}

A: You can write them with a classical SQL Insert Statement direct into the database.
@see EntityManager.createNativeQuery

A: The JPA API doesn't provide you all the options to make this optimal. Depending on how fast you want to do this you are going to have to look for ORM specific options - Hibernate in your case.
Things to check:

*

*Check you are using a single transaction (Yes, apparently you are sure of this)

*Check your JPA provider (Hibernate) is using the JDBC batch API (refer: hibernate.jdbc.batch_size)

*Check if you can bypass getting generated keys (depends on db/jdbc driver how much benefit you get from this - refer: hibernate.jdbc.use_getGeneratedKeys)

*Check if you can bypass cascade logic (only minimal performance benefit from this)

So in Ebean ORM this would be:
    EbeanServer server = Ebean.getServer(null);

    Transaction transaction = server.beginTransaction();
    try {
        // Use JDBC batch API with a batch size of 100
        transaction.setBatchSize(100);
        // Don't bother getting generated keys
        transaction.setBatchGetGeneratedKeys(false);
        // Skip cascading persist
        transaction.setPersistCascade(false);

        // persist your beans ...
        Iterator<YourEntity> it = null; // obviously should not be null
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            YourEntity yourEntity = it.next();
            server.save(yourEntity);
        }

        transaction.commit();
    } finally {
        transaction.end();
    }

Oh, and if you do this via raw JDBC you skip the ORM overhead (less object creation / garbage collection etc) - so I wouldn't ignore that option.
So yes, this doesn't answer your question but might help your search for more ORM specific batch insert tweaks.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;

using AdamsLair.WinForms.PropertyEditing;
using AdamsLair.WinForms.Drawing;
using ButtonState = AdamsLair.WinForms.Drawing.ButtonState;
using BorderStyle = AdamsLair.WinForms.Drawing.BorderStyle;

using Duality;
using Duality.Resources;
using Duality.Editor;
using Duality.Editor.Plugins.Base.Properties;

namespace Duality.Editor.Plugins.Base.PropertyEditors
{
	public abstract class ObjectRefPropertyEditor : PropertyEditor
	{
		private static readonly IconImage iconShow = new IconImage(Properties.EditorBaseRes.IconEye.ToBitmap());
		private static readonly IconImage iconReset = new IconImage(Properties.EditorBaseRes.IconAbortCross);
		private static readonly IconImage iconSet = new IconImage(Properties.EditorBaseRes.database);

		protected	bool		multiple			= false;
		protected	bool		dragHover			= false;
		protected	Rectangle	rectPanel			= Rectangle.Empty;
		protected	Rectangle	rectButtonReset		= Rectangle.Empty;
		protected	Rectangle	rectButtonShow		= Rectangle.Empty;
		protected	Rectangle	rectButtonSet		= Rectangle.Empty;
		protected	Rectangle	rectPrevSound		= Rectangle.Empty;
		protected	bool		buttonResetHovered	= false;
		protected	bool		buttonResetPressed	= false;
		protected	bool		buttonSetHovered	= false;
		protected	bool		buttonSetPressed	= false;
		protected	bool		buttonShowHovered	= false;
		protected	bool		buttonShowPressed	= false;
		protected	bool		panelHovered		= false;
		protected	Point		panelDragBegin		= Point.Empty;
		protected	Bitmap		prevImage			= null;
		protected	float		prevImageLum		= 0.0f;
		protected	int			prevImageHash		= -1;

		public abstract string ReferenceName { get; }
		public abstract bool ReferenceBroken { get; }

		public ObjectRefPropertyEditor()
		{
			this.Height = 22;
		}

		public abstract void ShowObjectSelector();
		public abstract void ShowReferencedContent();
		public abstract void ResetReference();

		protected virtual int GetPreviewHash()
		{
			return 0;
		}

		protected abstract void SerializeToData(DataObject data);
		protected abstract void DeserializeFromData(DataObject data);
		protected abstract bool CanDeserializeFromData(DataObject data);

		protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
		{
			base.OnPaint(e);

			bool linkBroken = this.ReferenceBroken;

			Color bgColorBright = Color.White;
			if (this.dragHover) bgColorBright = bgColorBright.MixWith(Color.FromArgb(192, 255, 0), 0.4f);
			else if (this.multiple) bgColorBright = Color.Bisque;
			else if (linkBroken) bgColorBright = Color.FromArgb(255, 128, 128);

			bool darkBg = false;
			Rectangle rectImage = new Rectangle(this.rectPanel.X + 2, this.rectPanel.Y + 2, this.rectPanel.Width - 4, this.rectPanel.Height - 4);
			if (this.prevImage == null)
			{
				if (this.ReadOnly || !this.Enabled)
					e.Graphics.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(64, bgColorBright)), rectImage);
				else
					e.Graphics.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(bgColorBright), rectImage);
			}
			else
			{
				Color brightChecker = this.prevImageLum > 0.5f ? Color.FromArgb(48, 48, 48) : Color.FromArgb(224, 224, 224);
				Color darkChecker = this.prevImageLum > 0.5f ? Color.FromArgb(32, 32, 32) : Color.FromArgb(192, 192, 192);

				if (this.dragHover)
				{
					brightChecker = brightChecker.MixWith(Color.FromArgb(192, 255, 0), 0.4f);
					darkChecker = darkChecker.MixWith(Color.FromArgb(192, 255, 0), 0.4f);
				}
				else if (this.multiple)
				{
					brightChecker = brightChecker.MixWith(Color.FromArgb(255, 200, 128), 0.4f);
					darkChecker = darkChecker.MixWith(Color.FromArgb(255, 200, 128), 0.4f);
				}
				else if (linkBroken)
				{
					brightChecker = brightChecker.MixWith(Color.FromArgb(255, 128, 128), 0.4f);
					darkChecker = darkChecker.MixWith(Color.FromArgb(255, 128, 128), 0.4f);
				}

				e.Graphics.FillRectangle(new HatchBrush(HatchStyle.LargeCheckerBoard, brightChecker, darkChecker), rectImage);

				TextureBrush bgImageBrush = new TextureBrush(this.prevImage);
				bgImageBrush.ResetTransform();
				bgImageBrush.TranslateTransform(rectImage.X, rectImage.Y);
				e.Graphics.FillRectangle(bgImageBrush, rectImage);

				darkBg = this.prevImageLum > 0.5f;
				if (this.ReadOnly || !this.Enabled)
				{
					e.Graphics.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(128, SystemColors.Control)), rectImage);
					darkBg = (this.prevImageLum + SystemColors.Control.GetLuminance()) * 0.5f < 0.5f;
				}
			}

			StringFormat format = StringFormat.GenericDefault;
			format.Alignment = StringAlignment.Center;
			format.LineAlignment = StringAlignment.Center;
			format.Trimming = StringTrimming.EllipsisPath;
			SizeF textSize = e.Graphics.MeasureString(
				this.ReferenceName ?? "null",
				SystemFonts.DefaultFont,
				new SizeF(this.rectPanel.Width, this.rectPanel.Height),
				format);

			Rectangle rectText;
			if (this.prevImage == null)
				rectText = this.rectPanel;
			else
				rectText = new Rectangle(
					this.rectPanel.X, this.rectPanel.Bottom - (int)textSize.Height - 2, this.rectPanel.Width, (int)textSize.Height);

			if (this.prevImage != null)
			{
				e.Graphics.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(192, bgColorBright)),
					rectText.X + rectText.Width / 2 - textSize.Width / 2 - 1,
					rectText.Y + rectText.Height / 2 - textSize.Height / 2 - 2,
					textSize.Width + 1,
					textSize.Height + 2);
			}
			e.Graphics.DrawString(
				this.ReferenceName ?? "null",
				SystemFonts.DefaultFont,
				new SolidBrush(this.Enabled ? SystemColors.ControlText : SystemColors.GrayText),
				rectText,
				format);

			ControlRenderer.DrawBorder(e.Graphics,
				this.rectPanel,
				BorderStyle.ContentBox,
				(this.ReadOnly || !this.Enabled) ? BorderState.Disabled : BorderState.Normal);

			ButtonState buttonStateSet = ButtonState.Disabled;
			if(!this.ReadOnly && this.Enabled)
			{
				if (this.buttonSetPressed) buttonStateSet = ButtonState.Pressed;
				else if (this.buttonSetHovered) buttonStateSet = ButtonState.Hot;
				else buttonStateSet = ButtonState.Normal;
			}
			ControlRenderer.DrawButton(
				e.Graphics,
				this.rectButtonSet,
				buttonStateSet,
				null,
				iconSet);

			ButtonState buttonStateReset = ButtonState.Disabled;
			if (!this.ReadOnly && this.Enabled && this.ReferenceName != null)
			{
				if (this.buttonResetPressed)		buttonStateReset = ButtonState.Pressed;
				else if (this.buttonResetHovered)	buttonStateReset = ButtonState.Hot;
				else								buttonStateReset = ButtonState.Normal;
			}
			ControlRenderer.DrawButton(
				e.Graphics,
				this.rectButtonReset,
				buttonStateReset,
				null,
				iconReset);

			ButtonState buttonStateShow = ButtonState.Disabled;
			if (this.Enabled && this.ReferenceName != null)
			{
				if (this.buttonShowPressed)							buttonStateShow = ButtonState.Pressed;
				else if (this.buttonShowHovered || this.Focused)	buttonStateShow = ButtonState.Hot;
				else												buttonStateShow = ButtonState.Normal;
			}
			ControlRenderer.DrawButton(
				e.Graphics,
				this.rectButtonShow,
				buttonStateShow,
				null,
				iconShow);
		}
		protected override void OnKeyDown(KeyEventArgs e)
		{
			if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Return)
			{
				this.ShowReferencedContent();
				e.Handled = true;
			}
			else if (e.KeyCode == Keys.C && e.Control)
			{
				DataObject data = new DataObject();
				this.SerializeToData(data);
				Clipboard.SetDataObject(data);
				e.Handled = true;
			}
			else if (e.KeyCode == Keys.V && e.Control)
			{
				DataObject data = Clipboard.GetDataObject() as DataObject;
				this.DeserializeFromData(data);

				e.Handled = true;
			}
			base.OnKeyDown(e);
		}
		protected override void OnMouseMove(MouseEventArgs e)
		{
			base.OnMouseMove(e);

			bool lastButtonSetHovered = this.buttonSetHovered;
			bool lastButtonResetHovered = this.buttonResetHovered;
			bool lastButtonShowHovered = this.buttonShowHovered;
			bool lastPanelHovered = this.panelHovered;

			this.buttonSetHovered = !this.ReadOnly && this.rectButtonSet.Contains(e.Location);
			this.buttonResetHovered = !this.ReadOnly && this.rectButtonReset.Contains(e.Location);
			this.buttonShowHovered = this.rectButtonShow.Contains(e.Location);
			this.panelHovered = this.rectPanel.Contains(e.Location);

			if (lastButtonShowHovered != this.buttonSetHovered ||
				lastButtonResetHovered != this.buttonResetHovered ||
				lastButtonShowHovered != this.buttonShowHovered ||
				lastPanelHovered != this.panelHovered)
				this.Invalidate();

			if (this.panelDragBegin != Point.Empty)
			{
				if (Math.Abs(this.panelDragBegin.X - e.X) > 5 || Math.Abs(this.panelDragBegin.Y - e.Y) > 5)
				{
					DataObject dragDropData = new DataObject();
					this.SerializeToData(dragDropData);
					//dragDropData.SetAllowedConvertOp(ConvertOperation.Operation.Convert);
					this.panelDragBegin = Point.Empty;
					this.ParentGrid.DoDragDrop(dragDropData, DragDropEffects.All | DragDropEffects.Link);
				}
			}
		}
		protected override void OnMouseLeave(EventArgs e)
		{
			base.OnMouseLeave(e);
			if (this.buttonResetHovered || this.buttonShowHovered || this.panelHovered) this.Invalidate();
			this.buttonResetHovered = false;
			this.buttonShowHovered = false;
			this.panelHovered = false;
			this.panelDragBegin = Point.Empty;
		}
		protected override void OnMouseDown(MouseEventArgs e)
		{
			base.OnMouseDown(e);
			if (this.buttonSetHovered && (e.Button & MouseButtons.Left) != MouseButtons.None)
			{
				this.buttonSetPressed = true;
				this.Invalidate();
			}
			else if (this.buttonResetHovered && (e.Button & MouseButtons.Left) != MouseButtons.None)
			{
				this.buttonResetPressed = true;
				this.Invalidate();
			}
			else if (this.buttonShowHovered && (e.Button & MouseButtons.Left) != MouseButtons.None)
			{
				this.buttonShowPressed = true;
				this.Invalidate();
			}
			else if (this.panelHovered)
			{
				this.panelDragBegin = e.Location;
			}
		}
		protected override void OnMouseUp(MouseEventArgs e)
		{
			base.OnMouseUp(e);
			this.panelDragBegin = Point.Empty;
			if (this.buttonSetPressed && (e.Button & MouseButtons.Left) != MouseButtons.None)
			{
				if (this.buttonSetPressed && this.buttonSetHovered) this.ShowObjectSelector();
				this.buttonSetPressed = false;
				this.Invalidate();
			}
			else if (this.buttonResetPressed && (e.Button & MouseButtons.Left) != MouseButtons.None)
			{
				if (this.buttonResetPressed && this.buttonResetHovered) this.ResetReference();
				this.buttonResetPressed = false;
				this.Invalidate();
			}
			else if (this.buttonShowPressed && (e.Button & MouseButtons.Left) != MouseButtons.None)
			{
				if (this.buttonShowPressed && this.buttonShowHovered) this.ShowReferencedContent();
				this.buttonShowPressed = false;
				this.Invalidate();
			}
		}
		protected override void OnMouseDoubleClick(MouseEventArgs e)
		{
			base.OnMouseDoubleClick(e);
			if (this.panelHovered && (e.Button & MouseButtons.Left) != MouseButtons.None)
				this.ShowReferencedContent();
		}
		protected override void OnDragOver(DragEventArgs e)
		{
			base.OnDragOver(e);
			if (this.ReadOnly || !this.Enabled) return;
			DataObject data = e.Data as DataObject;

			if (this.CanDeserializeFromData(data))
			{
				e.Effect = e.AllowedEffect;
				if (!this.dragHover) this.Invalidate();
				this.dragHover = true;
			}
		}
		protected override void OnDragLeave(EventArgs e)
		{
			base.OnDragLeave(e);
			if (this.ReadOnly || !this.Enabled) return;
			if (this.dragHover) this.Invalidate();
			this.dragHover = false;
		}
		protected override void OnDragDrop(DragEventArgs e)
		{
			base.OnDragDrop(e);
			if (this.ReadOnly || !this.Enabled) return;
			if (this.dragHover) this.Invalidate();
			this.dragHover = false;

			DataObject data = e.Data as DataObject;
			this.DeserializeFromData(data);
			e.Effect = e.AllowedEffect;
		}
		protected override void OnDisposing(bool manually)
		{
			base.OnDisposing(manually);
		}

		protected override void UpdateGeometry()
		{
			base.UpdateGeometry();

			int buttonWidth = 22;

			if (this.Height >= 44)
			{
				this.rectButtonSet = new Rectangle(
					this.ClientRectangle.Right - buttonWidth,
					this.ClientRectangle.Top + this.ClientRectangle.Height / 3 - buttonWidth,
					buttonWidth,
					buttonWidth);
				this.rectButtonShow = new Rectangle(
					this.ClientRectangle.Right - buttonWidth,
					this.rectButtonSet.Bottom,
					buttonWidth,
					buttonWidth);
				this.rectButtonReset = new Rectangle(
					this.ClientRectangle.Right - buttonWidth,
					this.rectButtonShow.Bottom,
					buttonWidth,
					buttonWidth);
				this.rectPanel = new Rectangle(
					this.ClientRectangle.X,
					this.ClientRectangle.Y,
					this.ClientRectangle.Width - buttonWidth,
					this.ClientRectangle.Height);
			}
			else
			{
				this.rectButtonSet = new Rectangle(
					this.ClientRectangle.Right - buttonWidth - buttonWidth - buttonWidth,
					this.ClientRectangle.Top,
					buttonWidth,
					this.ClientRectangle.Height);
				this.rectButtonShow = new Rectangle(
					this.ClientRectangle.Right - buttonWidth - buttonWidth,
					this.ClientRectangle.Top,
					buttonWidth,
					this.ClientRectangle.Height);
				this.rectButtonReset = new Rectangle(
					this.ClientRectangle.Right - buttonWidth,
					this.ClientRectangle.Top,
					buttonWidth,
					this.ClientRectangle.Height);
				this.rectPanel = new Rectangle(
					this.ClientRectangle.X,
					this.ClientRectangle.Y,
					this.ClientRectangle.Width - buttonWidth * 3,
					this.ClientRectangle.Height);
			}

			this.rectPrevSound = new Rectangle(this.rectPanel.Right - 17, this.rectPanel.Y + 1, 16, 16);
		}
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Chlorophytum staudtii är en sparrisväxtart som beskrevs av Inger Nordal. Chlorophytum staudtii ingår i släktet ampelliljor, och familjen sparrisväxter. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Ampelliljor
staudtii


Eugene Steingold (Corporate Business) is practicing law in Chicago, Illinois. This lawyer is listed on Lawyer Map under the main category Lawyers - All in Corporate Business.
Eugene Steingold is listed under Corporate Business in Chicago, Illinois .
There's currently no information available about fees or if Eugene Steingold offers free initial consultation.
The information below about Eugene Steingold is optional and only visible if provided by the owner. Call (312) 726-1060 to learn more.
Contact Eugene Steingold to find out about hours of operation / office hours / business hours.
Listed business hours are general only. Call (312) 726-1060 to learn about office hours.


This is a wonderfully priced 2 Bedroom...2 bath located in the heart of Gillette Woods. This house is truly an agents dream, because due to the wonderful pictures and price, this house will practically sell itself. The neighborhood is quite, and peaceful, and full of springtime flowers that makes it one of the more beautiful places in Tryon. This mountain getaway is located near the top of Gillette Woods, and the house is nestled among large old hardwood trees. This neighborhood, is very friendly, and has an abundant supply of neighbors offering helpful hints, neighborhood insights, someone to share your morning coffee with, or just someone to be a "walking buddy." The gorgeous flowers that engulfed the neighborhood accompanied with the soft buzzing of bees pollinating all of those flowers, left me feeling relaxed every time I stop by.