text:
Michelle Hatchette got her friends into DOS and got them branded as she is herself.
Bizarre Nxivm: Black Woman Fights to Be Called Slave of White Man, Keith Raniere
Then you have Michelle Hatchette. She is black and joined a master-slave group, called DOS, as a slave.
She is presently a slave to a white women, former actress Nicki Clyne, who leads DOS.
Michelle is also a "grand slave" to a white man, Keith Alan Raniere, who is now in federal lockup having been convicted of sex trafficking and racketeering. He faces life in prison when he is sentenced in September.
Evidently that is not enough for Michelle to want to be free.
Hatchette joined DOS, Raniere's sex-slaver group, in 2016, initially as a slave to another white woman, actress, Allison Mack.
Mack left DOS by April 2019, most likely to try to shave off a few years of prison, by denouncing Raniere and her role in the sex slave cult.
But Hatchette remains faithful to her Grand Master Raniere, and switched female masters from Mack to Mack's spouse, Nicki Clyne.
Allison Mack starred on the TV show Smallville then quit in 2010 in order to devote herself fully to her master Keith Raniere.
Nicki Clyne had a regular role in the TV show Battlestar Gallactica. She quit the show in 2008 in order to devote her full time efforts to following her master Raniere.
The first line slaves and their master [in center] Keith Alan Raniere.
Clyne – who was one of Raniere's eight first line slaves – was not charged with any crime.
Mack was charged and pled guilty to federal racketeering and racketeering conspiracy. She faces up to 40 years – but federal sentencing guidelines suggest a sentence in the 3-5 year range.
Mack, publicly breaking from Raniere, said at her allocution, when she pled guilty before Federal Judge Nicholas G. Garaufis, "I believed that Keith Raniere's intentions were to help people and that my adherence to his system of beliefs would help empower others and help them. I was wrong….. My misguided beliefs and dedication of what I believed were the principles underlying … Raniere's teachings, resulted in my agreeing to support the criminal enterprise….
"At Raniere's direction, I and other women sought to recruit other women to join DOS [as slaves]…. I concealed Keith Raniere's role as the head of DOS and characterized DOS as a women's only organization, knowing that Keith Raniere was the head of the organization…."
The Vanguard, Keith Alan Raniere, the Grand Master of Michelle Hatchette and the Master of Allison Mack and Nicki Clyne,
Michelle Hatchette's anatomy was admired greatly by Allison Mack.
When Michelle joined DOS in 2016, she thought perhaps she was only going to be a slave to Mack. She gave collateral [blackmail-worthy material] and then later found out she was a slave of Raniere's too.
Still, you gotta hand it to Michelle. Even after Mack's and Raniere's convictions, Michelle is still in – a dedicated black woman fighting against the odds to remain a slave to white people.
One would think she might be sensitive to the ignominy of what she is doing – to voluntarily become a slave to a white man, and two white women.
Michelle Hatchette – before she joined DOS.
Before she joined NXIVM, and became a coach, then a branded DOS slave, Michelle was co-founder of Harlem Seeds, along with her sister. Harlem Seeds was designed to bring awareness to healthy living and food choices to children. She also worked on Farm Girl Farm, a female owned Farm in the Berkshires that supplies produce for area restaurants and farmers markets.
In 2014, she became involved with NXIVM. By Nov. 2016, she started her job at Rainbow Cultural Garden. [This was about the time she went with Allison Mack, Danielle Roberts, India Oxenberg, and Nicole to her family home in the Berkshires. There, Mack photographed all the women in closeup nudes and exclaimed about Michelle, "You have a beautiful cunt," according to Nicole on the witness stand.]
Michelle was in London from 1/12/2017 to 3/1/2017, where it is believed she was a Rainbow nanny for Sara Bronfman-Igtet.
Michelle, as a branded DOS slave, served as a MDS [Multicultural Diversity Specialist [MDS], i.e nanny] for Rainbow Cultural Gardens – a child experiment devised by Raniere.
For a time, she was reportedly an MDS to Penelope Cruz's child in Rainbow. Cruz pulled the child from the Rainbow experiment after reading about the DOS branding and that Rainbow nannies doubled as Raniere's DOS slaves.
Michelle Hatchette reportedly served as a Rainbow nanny for Penelope Cruz. She reportedly yanked her child out after reading about DOS branding women on the Frank Report in June 2017.
DOS slave Michelle Hatchette got branded with her white master's initials in 2016.
If you turn the brand sideways you can see Michelle's white master's initials. K-R
DOS slave Michelle Hatchette [left] smiles like she were posing for a cigarette commercial. She is clearly happy at the very last Vanguard Week – in 2017.
DOS slaves Nicki Clyne, Allison Mack, Michelle Hatchette, Samantha Le Baron and Dr. Danielle Roberts.
Michelle's horrific 500 calorie diet helped her slim down to the weight Keith Raniere wanted for her. It also helped her lose her hair and stop menstruating.
Michelle, the black slave of DOS.
For a time, despite being a top coach at Nxivm, an obedient DOS slave and hard-working Rainbow nanny, Michelle had to work at a restaurant, Lucas Confectionery, to make ends meet.
Today, Michelle remains in DOS. Waking up at 3 am to answer readiness drills, trying to stick with her 800 calorie diet so she can cure her disintegrations. She is fighting for the right of a black woman in 2019 to be a slave, just like the white women of DOS.
A gruesome smile: Michelle at her thinnest – posing with fellow Nxivm members.
Michelle even once recruited her own slave, a black woman named Zoe. But Zoe got out of DOS choosing to not be a slave to Michelle. It is not known if Michelle is trying to recruit new slaves into DOS.
She lives with Dr. Danielle Roberts, who still possesses the cauterizing pen.
Some might argue that to deny Michelle, because she is black, the right to be a slave, to give collateral, to be branded with a white man's initials on her pussy, might be racist.
When all these smart and successful badass white women, like Allison Mack, Nicki Clyne, Dr. Danielle Roberts, Esther Chiappone Carlson, Amanda Canning, and others can be worthy DOS slaves, why can't a black woman be a slave too?
Happier days. Michelle with India and Danielle Roberts when all three were slaves of Allison Mack. India has since defected. Danielle and Michelle are now slaves of Nicki Clyne.
Michelle pre DOS was not too skinny. But she was too fat for Raniere.
People have likely tried to reach out to Michelle, to try to lead her away from Nxivm and DOS. But she seems too devoted to her masters Nicki Clyne and Keith Raniere.
She lives with Clyne in Brooklyn with Justin Elliot and Samantha LeBaron. Dr. Roberts lives there sometimes.
They reinforce each others' belief that DOS is good for women; that it can grow and thrive once the bad press dies down and that – and this is their mantra – that "This was NOT justice" for Keith Raniere.
His conviction was not just, nor was it fair, they say, and they hope for the day when they can be obedient slaves in his presence and send him closeup nude pictures for his pleasure, and await his next command.
I guess freedom includes the freedom to be a slave, too.
I just don't think any of these women know what master they are serving and would, will be horrified when they learn how little their admirably high ideals match with the lowlife reality of who and what their "masters" stand for — which is, of course, the enslavement of everyone to greed, lust, violence and artificial power at any cost. Including, especially humanity.
What id like to know is how many of these chicas with high ideals passed Dr. Porter's Psycho-test?
Public says:
This is so fcked up, where's family?
It's time for an intervention and possible extraction.
Can DOS Slaves Survive Without a Slave Master? says:
[…] Nice article — Bizarre Nxivm: Black Woman Fights to Be Called Slave of White Man, Keith Raniere […]
Can DOS Slaves Survive Without a Slave Master? – Artvoice says:
I am curious if the skank report is going to do write ups on other mindless whores of Keith's suchs as Dawn Morrison, Angel Smith and so on to expose there crimes in NXSCUM as the NDNY investigates?
shadowstate1958 says:
What's so surprising that Raniere can convince a black woman to be a slave?
He convinced Jewish women that they were reincarnated Nazis.
Raniere's one skill was to find gullible women who are masochistic and enjoy being submissive.
To understand what NXIVM DOS truly is one must accept that the Mission of NXIVM DOS is to allow women to express their sexuality through BDSM.
NXIVM DOS is really a sex cult for sado-masochistic women.
That Mission will still exist even if Raniere is in prison or the grave.
And for all of the whining that women do about the male patriarchy holding women down just look at some of the posts on the Frank Report by Nicki Clyne who writes under pen names like Pea Onyu, Yolanda Cortez and blk master kusa.
In these posts Nicki speaks like a drill sergeant calling women the b- word and the c-word.
She also calls women "skanks."
Some of these posts are quite misogynistic.
Beyond anything even the most chauvinist man would say.
People have to discard the notion that girls are made of sugar and spice and everything nice.
Here is a sample of Nicki Clyne's beliefs:
blk master Kusa
nice way to elevate oneself to victimhood
mommy daughter threesome
ranieri got it goin on
the first I read about this
vanity fair or one of them magazine three years ago
before this kabbalah orgie of learning centre
I was shock
then I remember parties in Vancouver years back
ACTOR always look for self help
to be bigger,liked to be worship
they got what they payed for
rain on her not me
the testimonial witness by her
all those ladies get burn for love
you cant hardly get skank to get tattoo
give applause to Keith
ladies in circle
wow that s hot
consenting adults
slave in closet for two years, she was part of it
why should
she get off
not just vivid porn
step dad daughter
my fave step sister
with bro
mom joint
whata world
Keith you the man
how and why this end
should have kept close to
who wants to start harem
5″4 100 pound
same height of girl on the bus yesterday
so petite
with her front expose
lean back
so damn pretty
but her front was in my face
for all to see her hot camel
so skinny, camel was bigger than her
salzman you the queen
https://frankreport.com/2019/05/18/lauren-salzmans-sensational-and-damning-testimony/
And you can bet if Nicki Clyne talked this way then Allison Mack and Lauren Salzman did too.
It doesn't surprise me that Allison Mack would look at a picture of Michelle Hatchette's genitals and reply, "beautiful cunt."
And while we're on the subject of Allison Mack let's look at Allison Mack's allocution by reading between the lines.
"In the course of my time with NXIVM, I became close with many individuals, many of whom are wonderful people, and some of whom I now realize are not." Allison Mack
(Already we see that NXIVM is filled with wonderful people, many of whom are noble and ethical. The only fly in the ointment was Keith Raniere. Of course at the trial of Raniere that is precisely what the prosecution wants to hear even if it's not the whole truth.) Shadow State
"I became close with Keith Raniere. I joined NXIVM first to find purpose. I was lost and I wanted to find a place, a community in which I would feel comfortable. Over time, I truly believed that I had found a group of individuals who believed, as I did, and who were interested in trying to become better people and in doing so make those around them better. And when I came to that realization, misguided though it was, my purpose shifted from trying to help myself to helping other people. Through it all, I believed that Keith Raniere's intentions were to help people, and that my adherence to his system of beliefs would help empower others and help them." Allison Mack
(Again the people in NXIVM only wanted to help people just like I did. And we were betrayed by Keith Raniere.)
Shadow State
"I was wrong. And I now realize that I and others engaged in criminal conduct. My misguided beliefs and dedication of what I believed were the principles underlying NXIVM, Keith Raniere's teachings, resulted in my agreeing to support the criminal enterprise that is alleged in the indictment."
(So there is nothing wrong with the principles of NXIVM but Keith Raniere's teachings interfered with those great principles.) Shadow State
So Allison Mack leaves the door wide open to rejoining a reformed Raniere-less NXIVM.
A new Sorority of Sisters who want to make the world better without that evil troll Raniere.
Praise God, Hallelujah! The Luciferian Devil has been cast out!
I would submit to you the reader that NXIVM is a criminal organization from top to bottom and stem to stern.
That Allison Mack's allocution is a total fraud designed to reduce her punishment and leave the door open for the reconstruction of NXIVM.
The Vanguard is Dead, Long Live the New Vanguard!
What I want to know is if Allison thought Michelle's cunt was more beautiful than Erica Durance's.
Hey Frank – One day, if you become a real journalist, do you think you'll be able to hire a proofreader and fact checker? That person could start with checking the spelling of Hatchette's first name for you.
Are we forgetting Tiffany Persons??
A number of funny quips passed through my head when I read the title of this article…….
It's really a sad story though. I hope Michelle Hatchette leaves NXIVM and gets her life back.
It's time she buried the hatchet.
Another guru who essentially enslaves followers says:
Frank, another destructive guru to know about: Chris Butler. I've been reading about Tulsi Gabbard and it turns out she's still involved in the cult she grew up in, The Science of Identity Foundation, which is led by Butler. Butler's right-hand man, Sunil Khemaney, even travels with Gabbard on the campaign trail. A description from a cult member who escaped when she was 20:
"The entire group dynamic is centred around gaining favour of the leader, who uses this dynamic in a controlling and abusive manner. In many of these groups the leader uses their position to manipulate their followers into performing sexual acts against their will, or in others, the relationship becomes emotionally abusive, where the leader verbally or physically attacks their followers, doling out increasingly severe punishments including sleep deprivation, starvation and physical self harm."
Remember how Keith had dreams of high-level political influence? He didn't get far with that dream, but Butler has:
"She's as much a victim as I am, more so because she was groomed from an early age specifically for the path she is now on. What I am concerned about is the control I know Chris Butler has over her, the influence he has over her ability to make decisions, decisions that could become law and impact a whole lot of people. I know what an abusive, mysogynistic, homophobic, germophobic, narcissitic nightmare Chris Butler is. And I know what kind of relationship he has with Tulsi."
The quotes are from: https://medium.com/@lalitamann/an-insiders-perspective-on-tulsi-gabbard-and-her-guru-e2650f0d09
Gabbard's second and current husband also grew up in the cult, as did her first husband (2002-2006), Eduardo Tamayo. Some suspect the first marriage was for the same reason Mack and Clyne married, so he he could immigrate to the USA and wouldn't be deported back to the Philippines (also location of the cult boarding school which his uncle, Toby Tamayo, helps run).
New York Magazine has an in-depth story on Gabbard's background called, "Tulsi Gabbard Had a Very Strange Childhood," published June 11, 2019.
Well there is nothing darkly ironic about this news story. 😉
This comment is inappropriate and heartless. And STUPID.
Nice article, though I believe Frank is writing much of this tongue in cheek since race or heritage isn't an issue in this cult.
I have to believe the majority of these women who wish to continue this master-slave relationship at this point are doing so because that's what they want to do. They have found some comfort in this arrangement. What it will take to shake them out of it remains a mystery. But I would would think in a situation like this where your head master is in the process of being sent away, that it's natural for the underlings to double down and circle the wagons. These women seem to suffer from some inferiority complex while at the same time having a form of pride that doesn't allow them to self-reflect on their current situation. That's a marginally fancy way of saying they're too proud to see they've been taken advantage, so they'll "show them".
What it might take to break away is the new top masters, the Nicki Clyne's of the world, to be unable to control the situation like Keith did and the slaves become disillusioned with the newest arrangement. But who's to say with their personality they wouldn't seek a new master-slave relationship in some other setting.
I also have to wonder about the Lauren Salzman's of this cult and their future. She expresses regret now and talks about how she did things she knew was wrong but felt obligated to do so. But after 20 years of living like that and considering it to be the norm, can she and those like her really de-program in 6 months or a year? Hopefully, she getting professional help and will continue to work through this. However, this is parallel to a junkie who used for a long time and is now trying to detox. One slip and you're back to doing it again, and maybe this time you have to intensify the situation to get the same high.
Are you trying to 'say' that you find this article darkly ironic?
Yes, but then it gets old.
They get old, too.
Time, and distance, and real life help many to "fall away" as they say.
Yet there are always the few die hards, who hang on, creating an insular world of their own.
Some of the survivors of Waco, TX, still believe in David Koresh, to this very day.
Even the few survivors of Jim Jones still believe.
The Unification Church is alive and well, headed by Moon's third wife.
The Way out of New Knoxville, Ohio still functions, with a core group of about 5000. Down from 100,000 at its height.
So, you see, these groups often live on, on the fringes of society.
Once that remnant dies out so will the group.
NXIVM only hung on because of Bronfman money.
Clare is crazy enough to keep feeding it.
This is why I don't believe Mack was so much a victim. She apparently seemed to be WAY more far into the cult than some of these other people like Danielle and Michelle. Yet, she's completely seen the light, left, and denounces him while these girls still believe what he did was good and stay? If she was THAT brainwashed (and therefore a more likely victim), she would've never taken a deal or spoke against him. Nah, she knew what she was doing was wrong at the time, was on a power trip, and then tried to save her ass at the very end.
AnonyMaker says:
I agree that a number of things show that Mack wasn't just a victim, but a perpetrator as well.
However, I think it also has to be kept in mind that Mack was arrested and handcuffed, held in jail, charged with crimes that could have put her in a high security prison for 20 years to life, and then sent back to live with her family under house arrest with an ankle monitor strapped to her. That would have provided a real shock to her worldview, and also separated her completely from the social milieu of the group.
It's been reported that she completely freaked-out into a state of terror at the idea of going to prison, and thought she wouldn't survive it. She intended to plead not guilty for months, but I think her lawyers managed to get her to see some sense. Either way, she will be doing some time in prison. And rightly so.
Your Vanguard is gone forever; eat as much as you like.
There are quite a lot of posts in the BDSM community generally where consensual D/s relationships have a female who is black. It certainly makes it harder for those with that sexuality given the US slave history. Obviously here it is not consensual BDSM or so we are saying so a different kettle of fish.
What language does Hatchette teach at Rainbow, jive talk? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fXSLcYQHqFQ
I am guessing her last name Hatchette is french, so she is probably Haitian which means of course she speaks french.
Scott you may not look like a Texan but you are definitely from the south. 🙂
Just kidding. Kinda-sort of sort of.
You may look like a man, but you're a pu$$y, after you chickened out of coming on my radio show.
Stupid, stupid girl. Michele Hatchette should be proper ashamed.
Great song.
Daniel Weaver says:
Would love to see you write more on the big wigs who made it possible for NXIVM to keep going, like the Dalai Lama who gave the organization his tacit endorsement. https://www.recordernews.com/opinion/columnist/157161
The Dalai Lama is losing it, how can he not like Trump AND be a racist: https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/women/dalai-lama-successor-female-attractive-quotes-age-a8978856.html and https://www.opindia.com/2019/06/no-the-dalai-lama-is-not-a-racist-or-islamophobe-for-defying-the-multicultural-doctrine/
Excellent letter. Good men did lend their reputations to an evil organization. Probably for the money or because of some extreme pressure applied to them. And how about Kristen Gillibrandt?
The Dalai Lama does NOT endorse Trump says:
He learns from his mistakes:
the Dalai Lama, the 83-year-old Tibetan Buddhist leader called out the president as someone with a "lack of moral principle," during a recent interview with the BBC.
https://www.huffpost.com/entry/dalai-lama-donald-trump-lack-moral-principle_n_5d14e2b5e4b09ad014fc6fd7
Dan Weaver says:
To bad he hasn't called out Keith Raniere and Claire Bronfman.
I'm quite what to think about the issue of her being black, except that it's largely irrelevant to the issue of women from a variety of backgrounds have gotten themselves into being slaves – perhaps most incongruent and even hypocritical because it was done in the supposed name of female empowerment, and many of them apparently somehow thought of themselves as feminists as well.
However, isn't the brand in the photo an example that some of them have an "A" and an "M" in them for Allison Mack, as well as KR? It seems to me that there's definitely an extra leg that forms an "M," no mere slip of the cauterizing pen. Could that have been a mark of slaves in Allison's pod?
Shivani33 says:
Anony, I think that very often individuals like Knight both believe their "stuff" and are fabricating it, too. There is a kind of uneasy mix going on inside, but attachment builds about being special, about getting attention, admiration and material rewards. Then it almost becomes a "job" and it becomes increasingly necessary to keep up the illusions all of the time. Inevitably this makes for some awful inner conflicts, and the so-called spiritual leader can get right down to the razor's edge of insanity, usually semi-functional insanity initially, as the "enlightenment fiction" begins to take its toll.
I watched at close range a woman who led a new age movement lose her mind and her health. She isn't alive anymore and died young, really from her (secretive) substance abuse. There was considerable strain involved in trying to maintain her image versus what she was really feeling. She wanted power so badly but was pretending to be detached and saintly. Her sexual conduct was messy. She began to become too intoxicated to keep her talks with her disciples coherent. She and a few of her intimates began to get as gross as J.Z. Knight. Her original consciousness-raising intentions went totally off the rails into almost obsessive interference into the lives of her followers, as she became more and more ugly in her behavior, avaricious and downright vulgar.
There is a price to be paid for becoming attached to illusions, and very often the illusionist pays that price by falling into a seriously delusional state, because that exhaustive, sleight-of-mind fiction which cannot be maintained. It is degenerative.
The people around such a supposedly advanced soul accept leadership and situations that would ordinarily be increasingly big warnings that things are not okay
It gradually gets to be habitual. The craziness of being totally engrossed in such a group becomes the norm. The participants are commanded to keep surrendering themselves to their leader's instructions and get trouble if that surrender isn't good enough. But that surrender will never be good enough. That is one of the hooks. Surrender yourself utterly and completely to what is actually false and ultimately destructive.
If someone decides to speak out about it, that person becomes an object of blame. This is often because that objector is telling the truth, but truthfulness is unpalatable to a false prophet who is completely invested in living a lie. And as history shows, a crackpot usually has a few diehard devotees who will always insist that the "emperor wore beautiful clothes" even if the group has been dismantled or exposed.
One of the only solutions to these entanglements is that we work hard to help our young ones find the mental and the emotional tools to really be able to think for themselves, to learn to use that ability and to trust in it, even in the face of intense peer pressure or hard times. As long as we live, here we are in the same old school of live and learn. It's neverending. Well, we 'll never have even a second to get bored watching, will we, Anony.
Thanks Shivani. Nice insight. And a fascinating topic.
Raniere, on the other hand, seems more as though he was pretty conscious and deliberative about his fabrications and certainly used no original ideas. It doesn't appear that any unusual spiritual experience started him into either lying or self-deception. He tried to recommend himself via his pretend intelligence level. Sociopathic?
Can DOS Slaves Survive Without a Slave Master?
Shivani: Ramtha, Maybe J.Z. Knight Is an Anti-Semite


Lovely Photograph Of Eight Drawer Dresser – From the thousands of Gallery online about eight drawer dresser, we picks the best literature together with excellent quality solely for you, and now this photos is actually regarded as one of figur selections inside our pretty graphics gallery regarding Lovely Photograph Of Eight Drawer Dresser. I hope you can as it.
posted by means of Laura Graham at 2019-01-05 19:05:38. To get a lot of pictures throughout Lovely Photograph Of Eight Drawer Dresser stocks gallery you should abide by that web page URL.


Central Intelligence – Bob Stone changed his life around after he was bullied in high school and saved by a popular jock, Calvin Joyner. Bob's become a muscular CIA agent, and on the eve of their 20 year high school reunion, looks to reconnect with Calvin. Calvin's become an accountant, unsatisfied with his life and thinks his glory days are behind him. Bob turns to Calvin to help recapture a compromised spy satellite through number crunching using his accounting skills while the CIA and those that took over the satellite are now after both of them. Stars Dwayne Johnson, Kevin Hart, Amy Ryan, Aaron Paul, Danielle Nicolet, Timothy John Smith, Megan Park, Ryan Hansen, Thomas Kretschmann, and Kumail Nanjiani. Rated PG-13.
The Shallows – A medical student named Nancy Adams, mourning the loss of her mother, goes to a secluded beach tied to memories of her mother to surf. Out of nowhere the beach is attacked by a great white shark, injuring her and leaving her stranded on a rock 200 yards from the shore with the shark ever circling the beach and attacking those who go too deep into the water. Stars Blake Lively, Óscar Jaenada, Brett Cullen, and Sedona Legge. Rated PG-13.
Warcraft – Warcarft is based on the series of video games and their spin-off novels. When the Orc home world starts to die, the orc clans unite to form "The Horde" and use a magic portal to escape to the human realm of Azeroth to try to colonize and invade their new realm. When the King of Azeroth, King Llane discovers what the Orcs are doing, he unites with warrior Anduin Lothar, and the wizard Medivh to protect the humans against the invading Hoarde. As the war goes on, leaders on both sides wonder if their war is the way to resolve their differences. Stars Travis Fimmel, Paula Patton, Ben Foster, Dominic Cooper, Toby Kebbell, Ben Schnetzer, Robert Kazinsky, and Daniel Wu. Rated PG-13.
Mike & Dave Need Wedding Dates – Two partying brothers, Mike and Dave, are forced to turn to Craigslist in search of respectable dates to bring to their sister's Hawaiian wedding at the insistence of their family. They pick up two seemingly normal waitresses, Tatiana and Alice, though Mike and Dave are hoping for a wild time. But once they all arrive in Hawaii, the brothers quickly find themselves over their heads as their dates quickly outsmart and outparty them. Stars Zac Efron, Adam DeVine, Anna Kendrick, Aubrey Plaza, and Stephen Root. Rated R.
Ripper Street: Season 4 – The fourth season of the BBC series about the police department in Whitechapel. Ripper Street is notable in that it was saved from cancelation by Amazon and became a joint production. There is one more season already ordered before the series is slated to end. Not Rated.
Grimm: Season 5 – The NBC series about the Grimm family and hunting down monsters from fairy tales. It has been renewed for a final season as well. Not Rated.
Power Rangers Dino Charge: Rise – I have no idea about this volume other than it says it's the "Spooktacular Halloween Edition" of Power Rangers. Not Rated.
Monster High: Welcome to Monster High – The latest Monster High movie, though one to probably skip. Having run out of other ideas, Welcome to Monster High is a total retcon of the series up to this point and totally ruins all the story according to multiple reviews from Amazon. Not Rated.
Howard Lovecraft And The Frozen Kingdom – A kids movie based on the series of graphic novels about Howard Lovecraft. Despite it being for kids, the stories are based on the stories of HP Lovecraft. Introduce your kids to Cthulhu and the Great Old Ones so they can be ready for the real horror when they are older! Rated PG.
Seraph of the End: Vampire Reign – Season One, Part Two – The second half of season one of Seraph of the End, where after the majority of the population of the world is wiped out and only children remain, vampires reveal themselves to the public. Best friends Yuichiro and Mikaela are split, believing the other to be dead, with Mikaela forced to become a vampire and Yuichiro joining the resistance. Seraph of the End: Vampire Reign is one of the first generation of Broadcast Dubs (now Simuldubs) and features the voices of former guests Micah Solusod, Justin Briner, Alex Moore, and Ian Sinclair. Not Rated.
Maria the Virgin Witch: The Complete Series – Another one of the Broadcast Dubs, Maria the Virgin Witch version takes place during the Hundred Years War (though you wouldn't know it from some of the outfits), Maria uses her magic during the war to try to bring an end to the war. However the archangel Michael places on her a curse that says if she ever loses her virginity that she will lost her magic powers as well. The series also features former guests Alexis Tipton as Maria, Austin Tindle as Joseph, and Whitney Rodgers as Artemis! Not Rated.
Mikagura School Suite: The Complete Series – Yet another Broadcast dub comes to video finally. Mikagura School Suite has Eruna Ichinomiya enter the magical Mikagura Academy where students battle using magical powers to gain popularity and funds. Eruna wants to start a brand new club to attract the prettiest girl in school to her club but uses her battles and charm to win friends along the way. It does feature former guest Chris Rager as one of the voices as well! Not Rated.
Chaika: Coffin Princess: Season 2 – Avenging Battle – Season 2 of Chaika: Coffin Princess and a dubbed release from Sentai Filmworks! The recovery of various separated body parts of dead emperor continues but with more powerful foes racing to discover the other missing body parts and the magic they contain. Not Rated.
Labyrinth of Grisaia / Eden of Grisaia – A sub only release and be warned, these appear to be on the mature side. The sequel OVA and series to Fruit of Grisaia.
Rainy Cocoa: Season One & Two – A strange release this week with a sub only release from Funimation. Rainy Cocoa is actually based on a digital manga series that is available in English and Japanese and apparently even comes with bilingual audio as well. That makes this sub release a little stranger but considering how small the series is I can understand it. A college boy with a girlish face takes a part time job at a cafe and has comedic encounters with his other male coworkers. Not Rated.
This is a very short form series so enjoy the actual first episode!
These games came out as well. They are just the latest versions of both franchises.
FIFA 17 – Available for PS3, PS4, Xbox 360, Xbox One, and PC. Rated E for Everyone.
Forza Horizon 3 – Available for Xbox One. Rated E for Everyone.


Happy Friday Lovelies! I don't know about you, but after a long week all I need is a little bit of funny. These pics below I found via my Pinterest board and they gave me a big laugh today. Hopefully they will put a smile on your face as well.
I sometimes like my own Facebook posts and high five myself in public.
So funny! Love the quotes. Also happy spiders don't fly!


What are the rental rules in the UK if you're letting out your home?
Letting out a UK rental property can be a sound investment. According to the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, rents could increase 15% in the next five years. So, whether you're renting out your old home while moving abroad, or you're already overseas but want to buy again back home as an investment, this could be a great income source for you. However, there have been a number of changes to rental rules recently – and the rules aren't the same nationwide. Here are the main rental rules in the UK to be aware of.


You really dodged a bullet this time, kid. I'm not one to talk bad about anyone, but that ex of yours is a real nut job. A real whacko. The fighting, the drama, the broken dishes, the all-night marathons in the bedroom... oh hey, I was just thinking. Since it seems the two of you aren't together anymore, would you mind very much if I asked out your ex?


Are you looking to book for a private celebration or corporate/business function? - Click Here for more information.
If you would like more information regarding our Friends Membership please Click Here to visit our 'Become a Friend' page.
If you are a visiting company, creative/stage management team please Click Here for our Technical documents area.
Please note:We aim to answer all enquiries within 5 working days. If your enquiry is urgent then please contact our Box Office directly on (01603) 630000 between 9.30am - 8pm Mon - Sat (6pm non-show days).


text:
Seljuk dynasty
"Seljuk Turks" redirects here. For the territory over which they ruled, see Seljuk Empire.
The Seljuk dynasty, or Seljukids[1][2] (/ˈsɛltʃʊk/ SEL-chuuk; Persian: سلجوقیان Saljuqian,[3] alternatively spelled as Seljuqs or Saljuqs), also known as Seljuk Turks,[4] Seljuk Turkomans [5] or the Saljuqids,[6] was an Oghuz Turkic, Sunni Muslim dynasty that gradually became Persianate and contributed to the Turco-Persian tradition[7][8] in the medieval Middle East and Central Asia. The Seljuks established the Seljuk Empire (1037–1194), the Sultanate of Kermân (1041–1186) and the Sultanate of Rum (1074–1308), which at their heights stretched from Iran to Anatolia and were the prime targets of the First Crusade.
Double-headed eagle, used as a symbol by several Seljuk rulers including Kayqubad I
Seljuk Empire
Sultanate of Rum
10th century – Seljuk
Sultan of Seljuk Empire
Sultan of Rum
Sultan of Kermân (or Kirmân)
Emir of Damascus
Emir of Aleppo
Sunni Islam (Maturidi Hanafi)
Damascus:
1104 – Baktāsh (Ertaş), dethroned by Toghtekin
Great Seljuk:
1194 – Toghrul III was killed in battle with Tekish
1308 – Mesud II died
1 Early history
2 Later period
3 Seljuk rulers
3.1 Rulers of the Seljuk Dynasty
3.2 Seljuk sultans of Hamadan
3.3 Seljuk rulers of Kerman
3.4 Seljuk rulers in Syria
3.5 Seljuk sultans of Rum (Anatolia)
Early historyEdit
The Seljuks originated from the Kinik branch of the Oghuz Turks,[9][10][11][12][13] who in the 8th century lived on the periphery of the Muslim world, north of the Caspian Sea and Aral Sea in their Oghuz Yabgu State,[14] in the Kazakh Steppe of Turkestan.[15] During the 10th century, Oghuz had come into close contact with Muslim cities.[16]
When Seljuk, the leader of the Seljuk clan, had a falling out with Yabghu, the supreme chieftain of the Oghuz, he split his clan off from the bulk of the Oghuz Turks and set up camp on the west bank of the lower Syr Darya. Around 985, Seljuk converted to Islam.[16] In the 11th century the Seljuks migrated from their ancestral homelands into mainland Persia, in the province of Khurasan, where they encountered the Ghaznavids. The Seljuks defeated the Ghaznavids at the Battle of Nasa Plains in 1035. Seljuk's grandsons, Tughril and Chaghri, received the insignias of governor, grants of land, and were given the title of dehqan.[17] At the Battle of Dandanaqan they defeated a Ghaznavid army, and after a successful siege of Isfahan by Tughril in 1050/51,[18] established the Great Seljuk Empire. The Seljuks mixed with the local population and adopted the Persian culture and Persian language in the following decades.[19][20][21][22][23]
Later periodEdit
After arriving in Persia, the Seljuks adopted the Persian culture and used the Persian language as the official language of the government,[19][20][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] and played an important role in the development of the Turko-Persian tradition which features "Persian culture patronized by Turkic rulers".[31] Today, they are remembered as great patrons of Persian culture, art, literature, and language.[19][20][21]
Seljuk rulersEdit
Head of Seljuk male royal figure, 12–13th century, from Iran. Carved and drilled stone with Iranian craftsmanship. Kept at the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Toghrol Tower, a 12th-century monument south of Tehran commemorating Toğrül.
The Kharāghān twin towers, built in Iran in 1053 to house the remains of Seljuk princes.
Rulers of the Seljuk DynastyEdit
The "Great Seljuks" were heads of the family; in theory their authority extended over all the other Seljuk lines, although in practice this often was not the case. Turkic custom called for the senior member of the family to be the Great Seljuk, although usually the position was associated with the ruler of western Persia.
Titular name(s)
بیگ Tughril I
طغرل 1037–1063
بیگ Suleiman[32]
سلیمان شاہ 1063[33]
سلطان Alp Arslan (Arslan I)
الپ ارسلان 1063–1072
سلطان
Jalāl al-Dawlah
جلال الدولہ Malik Shah I
ملک شاہ یکم 1072–1092
Nasir al-Duniya wa al-Din
ناصر الدنیا والدین Mahmud I
محمود یکم 1092–1094
Abul Muzaffar Rukn al-Duniya wa al-Din
أبو المظفر رکن الدنیا والدین Barkiyaruq
برکیارق 1094–1105
Muizz al-Din
معز الدین Malik Shah II
ملک شاہ دوم 1104-1105
Ghiyath al-Duniya wa al-Din
غیاث الدنیا والدین Muhammad I Tapar
محمد تاپار 1105–1118
معز الدین *Ahmad Sanjar
احمد سنجر 1118–1153
Khwarazmian dynasty replaces the Seljuk dynasty. From 1157, the Oghuz took control of much of Khurasan, with the remainder in the hands of former Seljuk emirs.
Muhammad's son Mahmud II succeeded him in western Persia, but Ahmad Sanjar, who was the governor of Khurasan at the time being the senior member of the family, became the Great Seljuk Sultan.
Seljuk sultans of HamadanEdit
The Great Seljuk Empire in 1092, upon the death of Malik Shah I[34]
The rulers of western Persia, who maintained a very loose grip on the Abbasids of Baghdad. Several Turkic emirs gained a strong level of influence in the region, such as the Eldiduzids.
Mahmud II 1118–1131
1131–1133 disputed between:
Dawud 1131-1132
Mas'ud (in Jibal and Iranian Azerbaijan) 1132
Toghrul II 1132–1133
Mas'ud 1133–1152
Malik Shah III 1152–1153
Muhammad II 1153-1159
Suleiman-Shah 1159–1161
Arslan Shah (Arslan II) 1161–1177
Toghrul III 1177–1194
In 1194, Toghrul III was killed in battle with the Khwarezm Shah, who annexed Hamadan.
Seljuk rulers of KermanEdit
Seljuk-era art: Ewer from Herat, Afghanistan, dated 1180–1210. Brass worked in repousse and inlaid with silver and bitumen. British Museum.
Main article: Kerman Seljuk Sultanate
Kerman was a province in southern Persia. Between 1053 and 1154, the territory also included Umman.
Qawurd 1041–1073 (great-grantson of Seljuq, brother of Alp Arslan)
Kerman Shah 1073–1074
Sultan Shah 1074–1075 or 1074-1085
Hussain Omar 1075–1084
or 1074 (before Sultan Shah)
Turan Shah I 1084–1096 or 1085-1097
Iranshah ibn Turanshah 1096–1101 or 1097-1101
Arslan Shah I 1101–1142
Muhammad I 1142–1156
Tuğrul Shah 1156–1169 or 1156-1170
Bahram-Shah 1169–1174 or 1170-1175
Arslan Shah II 1174–1176 or 1175-1176
Turan Shah II 1176–1183
Muhammad II Shah 1183–1187 or 1183-1186
Muhammad abandoned Kerman, which fell into the hands of the Oghuz chief Malik Dinar. Kerman was eventually annexed by the Khwarezmid Empire in 1196.
Seljuk rulers in SyriaEdit
Abu Sa'id Taj ad-Dawla Tutush I 1085–1086
Jalal ad-Dawlah Malik Shah I of Great Seljuk 1086–1087
Qasim ad-Dawla Abu Said Aq Sunqur al-Hajib 1087–1094
Abu Sa'id Taj ad-Dawla Tutush I (second time) 1094–1095
Fakhr al-Mulk Ridwan 1095–1113
Tadj ad-Dawla Alp Arslan al-Akhras 1113–1114
Sultan Shah 1114–1123
To the Artuqids
Sultans/Emirs of Damascus:
Aziz ibn Abaaq al-Khwarazmi 1076–1079
Abu Nasr Shams al-Muluk Duqaq 1095–1104
Tutush II 1104
Muhi ad-Din Baktāsh (Ertaş) 1104
Damascus seized by the Burid Toghtekin
Seljuk sultans of Rum (Anatolia)Edit
Main article: Sultanate of Rûm
The Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm in 1190, before the Third Crusade
The Seljuk line, already having been deprived of any significant power, effectively ended in the early 14th century.
Kutalmish 1060–1077
Suleyman I (Suleiman) 1077–1086
Dawud Kilij Arslan I 1092–1107
Malik Shah 1107–1116
Rukn ad-Din Mesud I 1116–1156
Izz ad-Din Kilij Arslan II 1156–1192
Ghiyath ad-Din Kaykhusraw I 1192–1196
Suleyman II (Suleiman) 1196–1204
Kilij Arslan III 1204–1205
Ghiyath ad-Din Kaykhusraw I (second time) 1205–1211
Izz ad-Din Kaykaus I 1211–1220
Ala ad-Din Kayqubad I 1220–1237
Ghiyath ad-Din Kaykhusraw II 1237–1246
Izz ad-Din Kaykaus II 1246–1260
Rukn ad-Din Kilij Arslan IV 1248–1265
Ala ad-Din Kayqubad II 1249–1257
Ghiyath ad-Din Kaykhusraw III 1265–1282
Ghiyath ad-Din Mesud II 1282–1284
Ala ad-Din Kayqubad III 1284
Ghiyath ad-Din Mesud II (second time) 1284–1293
Ala ad-Din Kayqubad III (second time) 1293–1294
Ghiyath ad-Din Mesud II (third time) 1294–1301
Ala ad-Din Kayqubad III (third time) 1301–1303
Ghiyath ad-Din Mesud II (fourth time) 1303–1307
GalleryEdit
Shatranj chess set, glazed fritware, 12th-century Iran. New York Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Seljuk sarcophagus at the Eskişehir Eti Archaeology Museum.
Great Seljuk sultans family tree
Tuqaq Temur
Yalig Beg
(b. ? – d. ?)
of The Oghuz army
Seljuk Beg
The founder of
Qawam al-Dawla[35]
(r. 1012–1028)
Buyid Governor in Kerman Arslan Yabgu
(b. ? – d. 1032)
Chief of Seljuk dynasty Mikail ibn Seljuk
(b. ? -d. ?) The mother of
Toghrul, Chaghri,
Ibrahim and Artash Yûsuf Inal[36][37] Yûnus[38][39] Mûsâ Yabgu[40]
(İnanç Yabgu)
Abu Kalijar[35]
Buyid Amir in Kirman Kurlu Bey[41]
Leader of the Seljuk
vassal state in Palestine Qutalmish[42]
Father of the founder of
Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate 1.Toghrul I
First sultan of
The Great Seljuk Empire Chaghri Beg[32]
Governor of Khorasan Ibrahim Inal[42] Artash Inal[40]
(Artāsh) Abu Ali
Hasan Yabgu[40][42] Yûsuf, Kara Arslan,
Abu Bakr, Umar,[43]
Bori and Dawlatshah
1.Qawurd-Beg[35]
Seljuk Shah of Kirman
Kerman Seljuk Sultanate Atsiz ibn Uvaq[41]
Amir of Dimashq Aksungur[44]
Sultan of Aleppo 2.Suleiman[32]
(r. 1063)[33]
Sultan of Great Seljuk 3.Alp Arslan
Sultan of Great Seljuk Alp Sungur Yâkūtî[32]
Governor of Azerbaijan Arslan Argun and Ilyas[32]
Other princes Khadija Arslan[32]
married Abbasid
caliph Al-Qa'im. Safiyya Khatun[32]
2.Kerman Shah[45]
3.Hussain Omar Shah[45]
(r. 1074) Tutush[46][47]
Sultan of Dimashq and
(r. 1094–1095) of Aleppo Turkan Khatun[48]
The daughter of Tamghach Khan
Ibrahim of Kara-Khanid dynasty
and de facto ruler of Mahmud I 4.Malik-Shah I[49]
Sultan of Great Seljuk Arslan-Shah
Governor of Khorasan Doğan-Shah
Governor of Khorasan Arslan-Argun[50]
Governor of Khorasan Tuğrul and Böri-Bars
Other princes Aisha
married Kara-Khanid khan
Nasr Shams al-Mulk.
4.Sultan Shah[45]
5.Turan I Shah[45]
(r. 1085–1097) Dawud and Ahmad[48][49]
Other princes 5.Mahmud I[48][49][51]
Sultan of Great Seljuk 6.Bark-Yaruq[51]
(r. 1092–1104)[33]
Sultan of Great Seljuk 8.Muhammad I Tapar[52]
Sultan of Great Seljuk 9.Ahmad Sanjar[53]
Last sultan of
The Great Seljuk Tuğrul and Amîr Humâr[49]
Other princes Gawhar Khatun[49]
married Ghaznavid
sultan Mas'ud III. Sayyeda[49]
caliph Al-Mustazhir
6.Iranshah[45]
7.Arslan I Shah[45]
(r. 1101–1142) Duqaq[47]
Amir of Dimashq Mah-i Malak[48][49]
caliph Al-Muqtadi 7.Malik-Shah II[51]
(r. 1104-1105)[33]
Sultan of Great Seljuk 1.Mahmud II[54][55]
The Iraqi Seljuks 3.Toghrul II[54][56]
Sultan of Iraqi Seljuks Mu'mine Khatun
wife of Toghrul II
until 1134
wife of İldeniz from 1136 Ildeniz
de facto ruler
Atabeg of Arslan-Shah 4.Masud[54][57]
Sultan of Iraqi Seljuks
8.Malīk Muhammad I Shah[45]
9.Toghrul Shah[45]
(r. 1156–1170) Tutush II & Artash[47]
(Baktāsh) (r. 1104)
Amir of Dimashq 2.Dawud[54]
Sultan of Iraqi Seljuks 5.Malik-Shah III[54]
Sultan of Iraqi Seljuks 6.Muhammad II[54]
Sultan of Iraqi Seljuks 7.Suleiman-Shah[54]
Sultan of Iraqi Seljuks 8.Arslan-Shah[54][58]
Sultan of Iraqi Seljuks Nusrat al-Din Muhammad
de facto ruler of Toghrul III
Atabeg of Arslan-Shah Qizil Arslan
(r. 1186-1191)
Atabeg of the Eldiguzids
10.Bahrām, 11.Arslan II
Shah[45](r. 1170 - 1171)
12.Bahrām Shah[45]
(r. 1171 - 1172) 13.Bahrām & Arslan II
Shah[45](r. 1172–1175)
(r. 1175) 15.Muhammad II Shah[45]
(r. 1175)
16.Arslan II Shah[45]
(r. 1175 - 1177) 17.Turan II Shah[45]
18.Muhammad II Shah[45]
(r. 1183–1187) Fakhr al-Mulk Radwan[47]
Malik of Aleppo Alp Arslan[47]
Sultan Shah[47]
(r. 1114–1117) 9.Toghrul III[54][59]
(r. 1177–1191, 1192–1194)
The Iraqi Seljuks Nusrat al-Din Abu Bakr
Atabeg of the Eldiguzids Muzaffar al-Din Uzbek
List of Sunni Muslim dynasties
Seljuk Sultanate of Rum
Seljuk (warlord)
Сельджуки сериал на русском
^ Neiberg, Michael S. (2002). Warfare in World History. Routledge. pp. 19–20. ISBN 9781134583423.
^ Harris, Jonathan (2014). Byzantium and the Crusades. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 39–45. ISBN 9781780937366.
^ Rāvandī, Muḥammad (1385). Rāḥat al-ṣudūr va āyat al-surūr dar tārīkh-i āl-i saljūq. Tihrān: Intishārāt-i Asāṭīr. ISBN 9643313662.
^ Tetley, G.E (2009). Hillenbrand, Carole (ed.). The Ghaznavid and Seljuk Turks: Poetry as a Source for Iranian History. London and New York: Routledge. pp. 1–16. ISBN 978-0-415-43119-4.
^ Fleet, Kate (2009). The Cambridge History of Turkey: Byzantium to Turkey, 1071–1453: Volume 1 (PDF). Cambridge University Press. p. 1. "The defeat in August 1071 of the Byzantine emperor Romanos Diogenes by the Turkomans at the battle of Malazgirt (Manzikert) is taken as a turning point in the history of Anatolia and the Byzantine Empire.
^ "The Saljuqids". Encyclopædia Iranica.
^ Grousset, Rene, The Empire of the Steppes, (Rutgers University Press, 1991), 161,164; "renewed the Seljuk attempt to found a great Turko-Persian empire in eastern Iran..", "It is to be noted that the Seljuks, those Turkomans who became sultans of Persia, did not Turkify Persia-no doubt because they did not wish to do so. On the contrary, it was they who voluntarily became Persians and who, in the manner of the great old Sassanid kings, strove to protect the Iranian populations from the plundering of Ghuzz bands and save Iranian culture from the Turkoman menace."
^ Nishapuri, Zahir al-Din Nishapuri (2001), "The History of the Seljuq Turks from the Jami' al-Tawarikh: An Ilkhanid Adaptation of the Saljuq-nama of Zahir al-Din Nishapuri," Partial tr. K.A. Luther, ed. C.E. Bosworth, Richmond, UK. K.A. Luther, p. 9: "[T]he Turks were illiterate and uncultivated when they arrived in Khurasan and had to depend on Iranian scribes, poets, jurists and theologians to man the institution of the Empire")
^ Concise Britannica Online Seljuq Dynasty Archived 2007-01-14 at the Wayback Machine article
^ Merriam-Webster Online – Definition of Seljuk Archived 2007-10-15 at the Wayback Machine
^ The History of the Seljuq Turks: From the Jami Al-Tawarikh (LINK Archived 2022-12-26 at the Wayback Machine)
^ Shaw, Stanford. History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey (LINK Archived 2022-12-26 at the Wayback Machine)
^ Golden, Peter B. (1992). An Introduction to the History of the Turkic People. Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden. p. 209
^ Wink, Andre, Al Hind: the Making of the Indo-Islamic World Brill Academic Publishers, 1996, ISBN 90-04-09249-8 p. 9
^ Islam: An Illustrated History, p. 51
^ a b Michael Adas, Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History, (Temple University Press, 2001), 99.
^ Bosworth, C.E. The Ghaznavids: 994–1040, Edinburgh University Press, 1963, 242.
^ Tony Jaques, Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F–O, (Greenwood Publishing Group, 2007), 476.
^ a b c O. Özgündenli, "Persian Manuscripts in Ottoman and Modern Turkish Libraries", Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition, (LINK Archived 2012-01-22 at the Wayback Machine)
^ a b c Encyclopædia Britannica, "Seljuq", Online Edition, (LINK Archived 2007-12-19 at the Wayback Machine): "... Because the Turkish Seljuqs had no Islamic tradition or strong literary heritage of their own, they adopted the cultural language of their Persian instructors in Islam. Literary Persian thus spread to the whole of Iran, and the Arabic language disappeared in that country except in works of religious scholarship ..."
^ a b M. Ravandi, "The Seljuq court at Konya and the Persianisation of Anatolian Cities", in Mesogeios (Mediterranean Studies), vol. 25–26 (2005), pp. 157–169
^ M.A. Amir-Moezzi, "Shahrbanu", Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition, (LINK Archived 2007-03-11 at the Wayback Machine): "... here one might bear in mind that Turco-Persian dynasties such as the Ghaznavids, Seljuqs and Ilkhanids were rapidly to adopt the Persian language and have their origins traced back to the ancient kings of Persia rather than to Turkish heroes or Muslim saints ..."
^ F. Daftary, "Sectarian and National Movements in Iran, Khorasan, and Trasoxania during Umayyad and Early Abbasid Times", in History of Civilizations of Central Asia, Vol 4, pt. 1; edited by M.S. Asimov and C.E. Bosworth; UNESCO Publishing, Institute of Ismaili Studies: "... Not only did the inhabitants of Khurasan not succumb to the language of the nomadic invaders, but they imposed their own tongue on them. The region could even assimilate the Turkic Ghaznavids and Seljuks (eleventh and twelfth centuries), the Timurids (fourteenth–fifteenth centuries), and the Qajars (nineteenth–twentieth centuries) ..."
^ Bosworth, C.E.; Hillenbrand, R.; Rogers, J.M.; Blois, F.C. de; Bosworth, C.E.; Darley-Doran, R.E., "Saldjukids," Encyclopaedia of Islam. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2009: "Culturally, the consisting of the Seljuq Empire marked a further step in the dethronement of Arabic from being the sole lingua franca of educated and polite society in the Middle East. Coming as they did through a Transoxania which was still substantially Iranian and into Persia proper, the Seljuqs with no high-level Turkish cultural or literary heritage of their own – took over that of Persia, so that the Persian language became the administration and culture in their land of Persia and Anatolia. The Persian culture of the Rum Seljuqs was particularly splendid, and it was only gradually that Turkish emerged there as a parallel language in the field of government and adab; the Persian imprint in Ottoman civilization was to remain strong until the 19th century.
^ John Perry, THE HISTORICAL ROLE OF TURKISH IN RELATION TO PERSIAN OF IRAN in Iran & the Caucasus, Vol. 5, (2001), pp. 193–200. excerpt: "First, since the Turkish-speaking rulers of most Iranian polities from the Ghaznavids and Seljuks onward were already iranized and patronized Persian literature in their domains, the expansion of Turk-ruled empires served to expand the territorial domain of written Persian into the conquered areas, notably Anatolia and Central and South Asia."
^ Ram Rahul. "March of Central Asia", Indus Publishing, p. 124: "The Seljuk conquest of Persia marked the triumph of the Sunni over Shii but without a decline in Persian culture. The Seljuks eventually adopted the Persian culture.
^ Ehsan Yarshater, "Iran" in Encyclopedia Iranica: "The ascent of the Saljuqids also put an end to a period which Minorsky has called "the Persian intermezzo" (see Minorsky, 1932, p. 21), when Iranian dynasties, consisting mainly of the Saffarids, the Samanids, the Ziyarids, the Buyids, the Kakuyids, and the Bavandids of Tabarestan and Gilan, ruled most of Iran. By all accounts, weary of the miseries and devastations of never-ending conflicts and wars, Persians seemed to have sighed with relief and to have welcomed the stability of the Saljuqid rule, all the more so since the Saljuqids mitigated the effect of their foreignness, quickly adopting the Persian culture and court customs and procedures and leaving the civil administration in the hand of Persian personnel, headed by such capable and learned viziers as 'Amid-al-Molk Kondori and Nezam-al-Molk."
^ C.E. Bosworth, "Turkish expansion towards the west", in UNESCO History of Humanity, Volume IV: From the Seventh to the Sixteenth Century, UNESCO Publishing / Routledge, 2000. p. 391: "While the Arabic language retained its primacy in such spheres as law, theology and science, the culture of the Seljuk court and secular literature within the sultanate became largely Persianized; this is seen in the early adoption of Persian epic names by the Seljuk rulers (Qubād, Kay Khusraw and so on) and in the use of Persian as a literary language (Turkish must have been essentially a vehicle for everyday speech at this time). The process of Persianization accelerated in the thirteenth century with the presence in Konya of two of the most distinguished refugees fleeing before the Mongols, Bahā' al-Dīn Walad and his son Mawlānā Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī, whose Mathnawī, composed in Konya, constitutes one of the crowning glories of classical Persian literature."
^ Stephen P. Blake, Shahjahanabad: The Sovereign City in Mughal India, 1639–1739. Cambridge University Press, 1991. p. 123: "For the Seljuks and Il-Khanids in Iran, it was the rulers rather than the conquered who were 'Persianized and Islamicized'".
^ Mehmed Fuad Koprulu, Early Mystics in Turkish Literature, Translated by Gary Leiser and Robert Dankoff, Routledge, 2006, p. 149: "If we wish to sketch, in broad outline, the civilization created by the Seljuks of Anatolia, we must recognize that the local, i.e. non-Muslim, element was fairly insignificant compared to the Turkish and Arab-Persian elements, and that the Persian element was paramount/The Seljuk rulers, to be sure, who were in contact with not only Muslim Persian civilization, but also with the Arab civilizations in al-jazīra and Syria – indeed, with all Muslim peoples as far as India – also had connections with {various} Byzantine courts. Some of these rulers, like the great 'Ala' al-Dīn Kai-Qubād I himself, who married Byzantine princesses and thus strengthened relations with their neighbors to the west, lived for many years in Byzantium and became very familiar with the customs and ceremonial at the Byzantine court. Still, this close contact with the ancient Greco-Roman and Christian traditions only resulted in their adoption of a policy of tolerance toward art, aesthetic life, painting, music, independent thought – in short, toward those things that were frowned upon by the narrow and piously ascetic views {of their subjects}. The contact of the common people with the Greeks and Armenians had basically the same result. {Before coming to Anatolia}, the Turks had been in contact with many nations and had long shown their ability to synthesize the artistic elements that they had adopted from these nations. When they settled in Anatolia, they encountered peoples with whom they had not yet been in contact and immediately established relations with them as well. 'Ala' al-Dīn Kai-Qubād I established ties with the Genoese and, especially, the Venetians at the ports of Sinop and Antalya, which belonged to him, and granted them commercial and legal concessions. Meanwhile, the Mongol invasion, which caused a great number of scholars and artisans to flee from Turkistan, Iran, Afghanistan, and Khwārazm and settle within the Empire of the Seljuks of Anatolia, resulted in a reinforcing of Persian influence on the Anatolian Turks. Indeed, despite all claims to the contrary, there is no question that Persian influence was paramount among the Seljuks of Anatolia. This is clearly revealed by the fact that the sultans who ascended the throne after Ghiyāth al-Dīn Kai-Khusraw I assumed titles taken from ancient Persian mythology, like Kai-Khusraw, Kai-Kā'ūs, and Kai-Qubād; and that 'Ala' al-Dīn Kai-Qubād I had some passages from the Shāhnāme inscribed on the walls of Konya and Sivas. When we take into consideration domestic life in the Konya courts and the sincerity of the favor and attachment of the rulers to Persian poets and Persian literature, then this fact {i.e. the importance of Persian influence} is undeniable. With regard to the private lives of the rulers, their amusements, and palace ceremonial, the most definite influence was also that of Iran, mixed with the early Turkish traditions, and not that of Byzantium."
^ Daniel Pipes: "The Event of Our Era: Former Soviet Muslim Republics Change the Middle East" in Michael Mandelbaum, "Central Asia and the World: Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkemenistan and the World", Council on Foreign Relations, p. 79. Exact statement: "In Short, the Turko-Persian tradition featured Persian culture patronized by Turcophone rulers."
^ a b c d e f g Sevim, Ali (1993). "ÇAĞRI BEY" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 8 (Ci̇lve – Dârünnedve) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 183–186. ISBN 978-975-389-435-7.
^ a b c d Sümer, Faruk (2009). "SELÇUKLULAR" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 36 (Sakal – Sevm) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 365–371. ISBN 978-975-389-566-8.
^ Black, Jeremy (2005). The Atlas of World History. American Edition, New York: Covent Garden Books. pp. 65, 228. ISBN 9780756618612. This map varies from other maps which are slightly different in scope, especially along the Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
^ a b c Özaydın, Abdülkerim (2002). "KAVURD BEY" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 25 (Kasti̇lya – Ki̇le) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 73–74. ISBN 978-975-389-403-6.
^ Zahîrüddîn-i Nîsâbûrî, Selcûḳnâme, (Muhammed Ramazânî Publications), Tahran 1332, p. 10.
^ Reşîdüddin Fazlullāh-ı Hemedânî, Câmiʿu't-tevârîḫ, (Ahmed Ateş Publications), Ankara 1960, vol. II/5, p. 5.
^ Râvendî, Muhammed b. Ali, Râhatü's-sudûr, (Ateş Publications), vol. I, p. 85.
^ Müstevfî, Târîḫ-i Güzîde, (Nevâî Publications), p. 426.
^ a b c Osman Gazi Özgüdenli (2016). "MÛSÂ YABGU". TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Supplement 2 (Kâfûr, Ebü'l-Misk – Züreyk, Kostantin) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 324–325. ISBN 978-975-389-889-8.
^ a b Sevim, Ali (1991). "ATSIZ b. UVAK" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 4 (Âşik Ömer – Bâlâ Külli̇yesi̇) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. p. 92-93. ISBN 978-975-389-431-9.
^ a b c Sümer, Faruk (2002). "KUTALMIŞ" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 26 (Ki̇li̇ – Kütahya) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 480–481. ISBN 978-975-389-406-7.
^ Beyhakī, Târîḫ, (Behmenyâr), p. 71.
^ Alptekin, Coşkun (1989). "AKSUNGUR" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 2 (Ahlâk – Amari̇) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. p. 196. ISBN 978-975-389-429-6.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Sümer, Faruk (2009). "KİRMAN SELÇUKLULARI" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 36 (Sakal – Sevm) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. p. 377-379. ISBN 978-975-389-566-8.
^ Özaydın, Abdülkerim (2012). "TUTUŞ" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 41 (Tevekkül – Tüsterî) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 446–449. ISBN 978-975-389-713-6.
^ a b c d e f Sümer, Faruk (2009). "SELÇUKS of Syria" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 36 (Sakal – Sevm) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 385–386. ISBN 978-975-389-566-8.
^ a b c d Bezer, Gülay Öğün (2011). "TERKEN HATUN, the mother of MAHMÛD I" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 40 (Tanzi̇mat – Teveccüh) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. p. 510. ISBN 978-975-389-652-8. Terken Khatun (wife of Malik-Shah I).
^ a b c d e f g Özaydın, Abdülkerim (2004). "MELİKŞAH" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 29 (Mekteb – Misir Mevlevîhânesi̇) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 54–57. ISBN 978-975-389-415-9.
^ Sümer, Faruk (1991). "ARSLAN ARGUN" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 3 (Amasya – Âşik Mûsi̇ki̇si̇) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. p. 399-400. ISBN 978-975-389-430-2.
^ a b c Özaydın, Abdülkerim (1992). "BERKYARUK" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 5 (Balaban – Beşi̇r Ağa) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 514–516. ISBN 978-975-389-432-6.
^ Özaydın, Abdülkerim (2005). "MUHAMMED TAPAR" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 30 (Misra – Muhammedi̇yye) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 579–581. ISBN 978-975-389-402-9.
^ Özaydın, Abdülkerim (2009). "AHMED SENCER" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 36 (Sakal – Sevm) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 507–511. ISBN 978-975-389-566-8.
^ a b c d e f g h i Sümer, Faruk (2009). "IRAK SELÇUKLULARI" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 36 (Sakal – Sevm) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. p. 387. ISBN 978-975-389-566-8.
^ Özaydın, Abdülkerim (2003). "MAHMÛD b. MUHAMMED TAPAR" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 27 (Kütahya Mevlevîhânesi̇ – Mani̇sa) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 371–372. ISBN 978-975-389-408-1.
^ Sümer, Faruk (2012). "TUĞRUL I" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 41 (Tevekkül – Tüsterî) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 341–342. ISBN 978-975-389-713-6.
^ Sümer, Faruk (2004). "MES'ÛD b. MUHAMMED TAPAR" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 29 (Mekteb – Misir Mevlevîhânesi̇) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 349–351. ISBN 978-975-389-415-9.
^ Sümer, Faruk (1991). "ARSLANŞAH b. TUĞRUL" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 3 (Amasya – Âşik Mûsi̇ki̇si̇) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 404–406. ISBN 978-975-389-430-2.
^ Sümer, Faruk (2012). "Ebû Tâlib TUĞRUL b. ARSLANŞAH b. TUĞRUL" (PDF). TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 41 (Tevekkül – Tüsterî) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 342–344. ISBN 978-975-389-713-6.
Dietrich, Richard (2018). "The Names of Seljuk's Sons as Evidence for the Pre-Islamic Religion of the Seljuks". Turkish Historical Review. 9 (1): 54–70. doi:10.1163/18775462-00901002.
Grousset, Rene (1988). The Empire of the Steppes: a History of Central Asia. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. p. 147. ISBN 0813506271.
Peacock, A.C.S., Early Seljuq History: A New Interpretation; New York, NY; Routledge; 2010
Previté-Orton, C. W. (1971). The Shorter Cambridge Medieval History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seljuk_dynasty&oldid=1135777909"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
June 12, 2019 by sparrow
"I have learned that an age in which politicians talk about peace is an age in which everybody expects war: the great men of the earth would not talk of peace so much if they did not secretly believe it possible, with one more war, to annihilate their enemies forever. Always, "after just one more war" it will dawn, the new era of love: but first everybody who is hated must be eliminated. For hate, you see, is the mother of their kind of love.
Unfortunately the love that is to be born out of hate will never be born. Hatred is sterile; it breeds nothing but the image of its own empty fury, its own nothingness. Love cannot come of emptiness. It is full of reality. Hatred destroys the real being of man in fighting the fiction which it calls "the enemy." For man is concrete and alive, but "the enemy" is a subjective abstraction. A society that kills real men in order to deliver itself from the phantasm of a paranoid delusion is already possessed by the demon of destructiveness because it has made itself incapable of love. It refuses, a priori, to love. It is dedicated not to concrete relations of man with man, but only to abstractions about politics, economics, psychology, and even, sometimes, religion.."
– Thomas Merton, from Seeds
photo: sparrow mattes
"We must begin by frankly admitting that the first place in which to go looking for the world is not outside us but in ourselves. We are the world. In the deepest ground of our being we remain in metaphysical contact with the whole of that creation in which we are only small parts. Through our senses and our minds, our loves, needs, and desires, we are implicated, without possibility of evasion, in this world of matter and of men, of things and of persons, which not only affect us and change our lives but are also affected and changed by us…The question, then, is not to speculate about how we are to contact the world – as if we were somehow in outer space – but how to validate our relationship, give it a fully honest and human significance, and make it truly productive and worthwhile for our world."
Thomas Merton- From Love and Living
"There is in us an instinct for newness, for renewal, for a liberation of creative power. We seek to awaken in ourselves a force which really changes our lives from within. And yet the same instinct tells us that this change is a recovery of that which is deepest, most original, most personal in ourselves. To be born again is not to become somebody else, but to become ourselves."
– Thomas Merton, from "Christian Humanism" in Love and Living.
"It is useless to try to make peace with ourselves by being pleased with everything we have done. In order to settle down in the quiet of our own being we must learn to be detached from the results of our own activity. We must withdraw ourselves, to some extent, from effects that are beyond our control and be content with the good will and the work that are the quiet expression of our inner life. We must be content to live without watching ourselves live, to work without expecting an immediate reward, to love without an instantaneous satisfaction, and to exist without any special recognition.
"Thomas Merton, – from No Man is an Island
"The only way to get rid of misconceptions about contemplation is to experience it. One who does not actually know, in his own life, the nature of this breakthrough and this awakening to a new level of reality cannot help being misled by most of the things that are said about it. For contemplation cannot be taught. It cannot even be clearly explained. It can only be hinted at, suggested, pointed to, symbolized. The more objectively and scientifically one tries to analyze it, the more he empties it of its real content, for this experience is beyond the reach of verbalization and of rationalization.
" Thomas Merton – from New Seeds of Contemplation
Within man is the Soul of the Whole;
the Wise Silence,
the Universal Beauty,
to which every part and particle
is equally related;
The Eternal One….
There is one who expands
until he unites with all
creatures, with all worlds,
singing a song with them all.
There is one who ascends
with all these songs in
unison—The song of the soul,
The song of the nation,
the song of humanity,
the song of the cosmos—
resounding together,
blending in harmony,
circulating the sap of life,
the sound of Holy Joy."
Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook….
photo: Fairfield Iowa, sparrow mattes


A few days ago Haibike officially presented the new electric mountain bike range Haibike Xduro3 for 2016. The "3" means that this is the third generation of Xduro e-mtbs; Xduro is the brand that Haibike uses to identify vehicles with a Bosch motor (for 2016 it's the Performance Line CX version, of course). As we all know, Haibike also has an e-mountainbike range with Yamaha's motors, identified by the Sduro branding.
Haibike was the first bike producer to target the electric mtb market: they presented their first models at Eurobike 2011. From that moment on they grew incredibly fast, so much that today the waiting list to receive an Haibike e-mountain bike can result in a many months delay.
Every year, the Haibike models range gets updated, following the technologic evolution of Bosch and Yamaha motors and batteries. This year the biggest news is the new Bosch Performance Line CX motor: it's designed to give its best performance if installed on mountain bikes, with a high torque (90 Nm).
The new Bosch motor is smaller and it can be installed with a different angle. This is what allowed the Haibike Xduro3 2016 electric mtbs to have a smaller visual impact (38% less, as you can see from the slide below).
Haibike is talking about Gravity Casting Interface. It's a new technology that integrates the motor and the battery in the frame. A better integration is not only advantageous from an aesthetic point of view; it's also better for the rear shock kinematic, that works more like it would on a regular mountainbike (with fewer of the limitations that are usually caused by the motor).
The battery is "more deeply" integrated in the frame, with better visual results. You can also charge it when it's on the ebike (if you prefer, you can still remove it and charge it separately).
Haibike has also worked on a better display position on the handlebar. This is a very delicate spot for electric mtbs that are inevitably destined to fall more often. We have recently seen how Specialized decided to get rid of the display on its bikes altogether. Haibike Xduro3 2016 e-mountain bikes can't get rid of the display because of the Bosch system. Anyway, Haibike decided to use rise handlebars with a negative stem angle. On a regular mountain bike this decision would make no sense, but it creates some sort of protection for the screen. You can see the result in the first photo of this article.
Another interesting news is the use of carbon on a larger scale. The models realized with this material are now 9: 6 front and 3 full, with 27,5 or 29" tyres.
We're now going to talk about the flagship models that are more technologically advanced and more expensive. Further down the list you'll find another list with all models, and some tips on the less expensive ones.
This model was updated: it went from 26" tyres to 27,5". It's now available in the RX version with less advanced components, and a lower price (it's lower but it's still quite expensive).
Haibike says that this is the lightest electric mtb with a central motor on the market today. The frame only weights 2790 grammes, and the bike weights 17,2 kg in total. If you can afford it, feel free to drop us a line. We'd love to become friends with you!
This is a list of Xduro electric mountain bikes only. We remind you that the Xduro range also has cross bikes, trekking bikes, urban and road bikes. We didn't mention them to avoid more confusion. We also remind you that Haibike has an Sduro range with Yamaha motors.
We're about to write a simplification: among the 30 models in the list above, each person should find one that completely satisfies his necessities. Despite this, we often receive emails from our beginner readers that are confused by the wide choice and ask us "which is the best electric mtb?" We decided to answer this question, as if a beginner was asking it (experts already know what they want). We chose the models that can serve more purposes and are not extremely expensive.
If you want a full electric mtb that is not extremely expensive, go for the XDURO FullSeven RC: €3799.
For a front bike with 27,5 tyres, the HardSevenRC is €2999. If you prefer 29" tyres, the HardNine RC is priced the same.
If you want to go for the new 27,5+ tyres, the HardSeven RC Plus is €3299.
(The prices have yet to be confirmed. Usually, the effective price at the shop is lower).
For a more generic electric mountain bike buyer's guide, consult this page.


text:
Q: How can I copy an immutable object like tuple in Python? copy.copy() and copy.deepcopy() just copy the reference for an immutable object like a tuple.
How can I create a duplicate copy of the first immutable object at a different memory location?

A: try this:
tup = (1,2,3)
nt = tuple(list(tup))

And I think adding an empty tuple is much better.

A: You're looking for deepcopy.
from copy import deepcopy

tup = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
put = deepcopy(tup)

Admittedly, the ID of these two tuples will point to the same address.  Because a tuple is immutable, there's really no rationale to create another copy of it that's the exact same.  However, note that tuples can contain mutable elements to them, and deepcopy/id behaves as you anticipate it would:
from copy import deepcopy
tup = (1, 2, [])
put = deepcopy(tup)
tup[2].append('hello')
print tup # (1, 2, ['hello'])
print put # (1, 2, [])

A: Add the empty tuple to it:
>>> a = (1, 2, 3)
>>> a is a+tuple()
False

Concatenating tuples always returns a new distinct tuple, even when the result turns out to be equal.

A: If You wish duplicate a tuple try
tup = ('a',2,obj)
dup_tup = tuple(tup)

in this case we created a new tuple: we can change it without changing the first.
If we use sec_tup = tup in this case we have two tuple but changing one the change is done also in the other

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Description The Actual Overtime Cost fields show costs incurred for overtime work already performed on tasks by assigned resources.
How Calculated When a task is first created, the Actual Overtime Cost field contains $0. If any actual overtime work is reported by assigned resources for the task, Microsoft Office Project calculates the actual overtime cost. The Actual Overtime Cost field is calculated by multiplying the value in the assigned resource's Overtime Rate field by the number of overtime hours reported.
Best Uses Add the Actual Overtime Cost field to a task view to review the resulting overtime expense of a task based on actual overtime work and the overtime rates of the assigned resources. You might find this useful while the task is in progress to see if you're staying within your budget for overtime. You can also use this information after the task is completed to help you plan costs and staffing for future projects.
Example You're tracking costs on the "Conduct client meetings" task, which has planned overtime for Jamie and Chris. Jamie's overtime rate is $30 per hour, and the overtime rate for Chris is $25 per hour. So far, Jamie has reported 3 hours of overtime, and Chris has reported 4 hours of overtime. Project calculates that the actual overtime cost for this task so far is $190.
How Calculated When a resource is first added, the Actual Overtime Cost field contains $0. If any actual overtime work is reported by the assigned resource for any task, Microsoft Office Project calculates the actual overtime cost. The Actual Overtime Cost field is calculated by multiplying the value in the assigned resource's Overtime Rate field by the number of overtime hours reported.
Best Uses Add the Actual Overtime Cost field to a resource view to review the resulting overtime expense of a particular resource. You might find this useful during the course of the project to see if you're staying within your budget for overtime. You can also use this information after the project is completed to help you plan costs and staffing for future projects.
Example You're tracking costs for Jamie, who has an overtime rate of $30 per hour. So far, Jamie has reported 10 hours of overtime. Project calculates that the actual overtime cost for Jamie so far is $300.
How Calculated When an assignment is first made, the Actual Overtime Cost field contains $0. If any actual overtime work is reported by the resource assigned to the task, Microsoft Office Project calculates the actual overtime cost. The Actual Overtime Cost field is calculated by multiplying the value in the assigned resource's Overtime Rate field by the number of overtime hours reported.
Best Uses Add the Actual Overtime Cost field to the sheet portion of the Task Usage or Resource Usage view to see the resulting overtime expense of a task based on actual overtime work and the overtime rates of the assigned resources. You can review this field while a task is in progress to see if you're staying within your budget for overtime. You can also find this information useful after the task is completed to help you plan costs and staffing for future projects.
Example You're tracking costs on a resource assignment for a task that has planned overtime. The assigned resource has an overtime rate of $30 per hour. So far, the resource has reported six hours of overtime. Microsoft Office Project calculates that the actual overtime cost so far is $180.


GJP Floor Sanding is a independent company and a Which Trusted Trader you can rely on, to deliver the best results in Whyteleafe. This team of professionals has been offering sanding and restoration services across Whyteleafe for the last 10 years. GJP Floor Sanding is proud to be a Which Trusted Trader. Including Whyteleafe, and the surrounding areas, the top floor sanding experts offer sanding and restoration services. GJP would love to discuss the details of your project so get in touch.
GJP Floor Sanding has a team of professionals serving the Whyteleafe area, and has spent more than three decades building up expertise in treating all varieties of wood flooring. They are a family firm with a proven track record of providing excellent customer care, and with hundreds of five-star reviews from clients in the LOCATIONXX area. With wooden floors, you can be certain they will deliver due to their experience as trusted hands in the niche.
At GJP Floor Sanding, all projects (regardless of size and scope) are treated with the seriousness they deserve. Their services include domestic and commercial gap filling and complete floor sanding and staining. The company is always delighted to get on board your small projects even though they have years of history working on large scale projects across Whyteleafe Big or small client, it doesn't matter to the company-they are ever ready to deliver exceptional service at all times by listening to your every need.
Why GJP is One of the Leading Names in Floor Sanding in Whyteleafe?
Choosing GJP Floor Sanding Whyteleafe is choosing a company that offers high level customer service in addition to delivering a comprehensive solution that will stand the test of time. The company has some of the most advanced sanding equipment in the area so they believe they can do better work than most of their competition. Their machinery features powerful vacuum technology which ensures that the process of floor renovation is virtually dust-free. Since GJP works their way up from coarse to fine grain sanding, you can be certain that the result will stand the test of time.
GJP Floor Sanding Whyteleafe is delighted to be a Which? Trusted Trader. To become a Which Trusted Trader, the company had to undergo assessment which looks at how the company works from end to end. Industry experts must analyse the business from all angles in order to pass. They are committed to ensuring that customers only receive the highest consumer satisfaction and protection.
Which? has been vetting products for over 50 years and, they are experts in assessing businesses and applying rigorous codes of conduct to the process. Customers know that they are dealing with a responsible and reliable company when working with GJP Floor Sanding Whyteleafe.
GJP Floor Sanding offers warranty on all Whyteleafe floor sanding projects. This highly reputed team of experts will give you all of the privileges in your warranty as long as the conditions of it are met.
GJP Floor Sanding Whyteleafe is proud to be featured in popular lifestyle UK Magazines like Sussex Life and Latest Homes. It is hard to beat a properly sanded, treated and waxed wooden floor, with the natural grains of the wood showing through like GJP Floor Sanding provides. But the company also takes pride in getting recognised for their hard work. Get in touch for your next flooring project, you will be impressed by the five star customer service from start to end. There is nothing like beautifully crafted wood flooring to give life to a room and create a luxurious, warm feel. Be sure to read what past customers have said about working with this floor sanding business in Whyteleafe.
When you work with GJP floor sanding Whyteleafe, you are hiring professionals with over 30 years of combined experience. The company always brings with them the trademark of respect, responsibility and honesty. You hire a business which think about the small details, like ensuring your home is left dust free and tidy. The GJP promise to you is that you will be 100% satisfied with the work done. You can get a free quote if you call GJP Floor Sanding now on 01483 600 141.


INTRODUCING the new Berkley Powerbait Gotam Shad. Its translucency, married with the inner mylar foil give it the appearance of a real live baitfish.
The firmness has been carefully studied to get the best vibration from the paddle tail, 3D eyes and micro sparkles complete this realistic shad.
Available in 3in and 6 colours the Gotam Shad is suited to a large variety of situations.
The Gotam Shad benefits from Berkley's legendary Powerbait scent infused into every bait. Berkley PowerBait makes novice anglers good and good anglers great. Berkley scientists have spent over 25 years perfecting an irresistible scent and flavour – The exclusive PowerBait formula. Fish love PowerBait so much they hold on 18 times longer, giving you the time and confidence to feel more bites, set more hooks and Catch More Fish!


We found more records about Anna E. Anthony (Osborn).
Grave Site of Anna E.
Anna E. Anthony (Osborn) is buried in the Leavenworth National Cemetery at the location displayed on the map below. This GPS information is ONLY available at BillionGraves. Our technology can help you find the gravesite and other family members buried nearby.
Anna E. Anthony (Osborn) was 15 years old when Charles Darwin publishes On the Origin of Species. Charles Robert Darwin, was an English naturalist, geologist and biologist, best known for his contributions to the science of evolution. He established that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestors and, in a joint publication with Alfred Russel Wallace, introduced his scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection, in which the struggle for existence has a similar effect to the artificial selection involved in selective breeding.
Anna E. Anthony (Osborn) was 17 years old when American Civil War: Fort Sumter surrenders to Confederate forces. The American Civil War was a war fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865. As a result of the long-standing controversy over slavery, war broke out in April 1861, when Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina, shortly after U.S. President Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated. The nationalists of the Union proclaimed loyalty to the U.S. Constitution. They faced secessionists of the Confederate States, who advocated for states' rights to expand slavery.
Anna E. Anthony (Osborn) was 30 years old when Winston Churchill, English colonel, journalist, and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1965) Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill was a British politician, army officer, and writer, who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955. As Prime Minister, Churchill led Britain to victory in the Second World War. Churchill represented five constituencies during his career as Member of Parliament (MP). Ideologically an economic liberal and British imperialist, he began and ended his parliamentary career as a member of the Conservative Party, which he led from 1940 to 1955, but for twenty years from 1904 he was a prominent member of the Liberal Party.
Anna E. Anthony (Osborn) was 39 years old when Eruption of Krakatoa: Four enormous explosions destroy the island of Krakatoa and cause years of climate change. The 1883 eruption of Krakatoa in the Dutch East Indies began in the afternoon of Sunday, 26 August 1883, and peaked in the late morning of Monday, 27 August when over 70% of the island and its surrounding archipelago were destroyed as it collapsed into a caldera. Additional seismic activity was reported to have continued until February 1884, though reports of seismic activity after October 1883 were later dismissed by Rogier Verbeek's investigation into the eruption. The 1883 eruption was one of the deadliest and most destructive volcanic events in recorded history. At least 36,417 deaths are attributed to the eruption and the tsunamis it created. Significant additional effects were also felt around the world in the days and weeks after the volcano's eruption.
Anna E. Anthony (Osborn) was 51 years old when George VI of the United Kingdom (d. 1952) George VI was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth from 11 December 1936 until his death in 1952. He was the last Emperor of India and the first Head of the Commonwealth.
Anna E. Anthony (Osborn) was 59 years old when The Wright brothers make their first attempt to fly with the Wright Flyer at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. The Wright brothers, Orville and Wilbur, were two American aviators, engineers, inventors, and aviation pioneers who are generally credited with inventing, building, and flying the world's first successful airplane. They made the first controlled, sustained flight of a powered, heavier-than-air aircraft on December 17, 1903, four miles south of Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. In 1904–05 the brothers developed their flying machine into the first practical fixed-wing aircraft. Although not the first to build experimental aircraft, the Wright brothers were the first to invent aircraft controls that made fixed-wing powered flight possible.
Anna E. Anthony (Osborn) was 70 years old when Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, were assassinated by a Yugoslav nationalist named Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevo, sparking the outbreak of World War I. Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria-Este was a member of the imperial Habsburg dynasty, and from 1896 until his death the heir presumptive (Thronfolger) to the Austro-Hungarian throne. His assassination in Sarajevo precipitated Austria-Hungary's declaration of war against Serbia, which in turn triggered a series of events that resulted in Austria-Hungary's allies and Serbia's declaring war on each other, starting World War I.
Anna E. Anthony (Osborn) was 85 years old when Babe Ruth becomes the first baseball player to hit 500 home runs in his career with a home run at League Park in Cleveland, Ohio. George Herman "Babe" Ruth Jr. was an American professional baseball player whose career in Major League Baseball (MLB) spanned 22 seasons, from 1914 through 1935. Nicknamed "The Bambino" and "The Sultan of Swat", he began his MLB career as a stellar left-handed pitcher for the Boston Red Sox, but achieved his greatest fame as a slugging outfielder for the New York Yankees. Ruth established many MLB batting records, including career home runs (714), runs batted in (RBIs) (2,213), bases on balls (2,062), slugging percentage (.690), and on-base plus slugging (OPS) (1.164); the latter two still stand as of 2018. Ruth is regarded as one of the greatest sports heroes in American culture and is considered by many to be the greatest baseball player of all time. In 1936, Ruth was elected into the Baseball Hall of Fame as one of its "first five" inaugural members.


So, how are people using Twitter nowadays? How are businesses using Twitter? How does the network impact people's purchasing decisions? How do promoted tweets boost offline sales, and how connected do people feel to a brand as a result of your Twitter presence?
Check out some intriguing data about Twitter, below, and see for yourself. For more ideas on how and what to tweet — including 12 tweet templates to get you started — check out this blog post.


text:
Organic Functional Group Protection
Dithianes such as 1 are readily prepared, from the corresponding ketone or by alkylation. Masayuki Kirihara of the Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology developed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2013, 54, 5477. ) an oxidative method for the deprotection of 1 to 2. Konrad Tiefenbacher of the Technische Universität München devised (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 16213. ) a hexameric resorcinarene capsule that selectively catalyzed the hydrolysis of the smaller acetal 3 in the presence of a longer chain acetal.
David J. Gorin of Smith College reported (J. Org. Chem. 2013, 78, 11606. ) the methylation of an acid 5 using dimethyl carbonate as the donor. Two peroxide-based methods (J. Org. Chem. 2013, 78, 9898, ; Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 3326, ) for carboxylic acid methylation (not illustrated) were also recently described. Hisashi Yamamoto of the University of Chicago showed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 7198. ) that the "supersilyl" ester 8 was stable enough to be deprotonated and alkylated, but was easily removed.
Michal Szostak and David J. Procter of the University of Manchester uncovered (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 7237. ) the remarkable cleavage of a C-N bond in an amide 9, leading to the secondary amide 10. This could offer an alternative strategy for difficult to hydrolyse amides. Richard B. Silverman of Northwestern University described (J. Org. Chem. 2013, 78, 10931. ) improved protocols for the formation and removal of the N-protecting 2,5-dimethylpyrrole 11. Huanfeng Jiang of the South China University of Technology showed (Chem. Commun. 2013, 49, 6102. ) that an arenesulfonamide 14 can be prepared by oxidation of the corrresponding sodium arenesulfinate. Douglas Klumpp of Northern Illinois University prepared (Tetrahedron Lett. 2013, 54, 5945. ) sulfonamides (not illustrated) by combining a sulfonyl fluoride with a silyl amine. K. Rajender Reddy of the Indian Institute of Chemical Technology developed (Chem. Commun. 2013, 49, 6686. ) a new route to a urea 17, by oxidative coupling of an amine 15 with a formamide 16.
Davir González-Calderón and Carlos Gonzáles-Romero of the Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México used (Tetrahedron Lett. 2013, 54, 5130. ) CuSO4 hydrate in methanol to remove the t-butyldimethylsilyl ether of 18 in the presence of triisopropylsilyl (TIPS) and diphenyl t-butylsilyl (TBDPS) ethers. Shoji Akai and Ken-ichi Sato of Kanagawa University developed (J. Org. Chem. 2013, 78, 8802. ) a nitrosative protocol for the cleavage of the N-phenylcarbamoyl protecting group of 20. Shino Manabe and Yukishige Ito of RIKEN showed (Chem. Commun. 2013, 49, 8332. ) that the sulfonylcarbamate protecting group of 22 was stable to strong base, but was smoothly removed under mild conditions. Hirokazu Urabe of the Tokyo Institute of Technology reported (Adv. Synth. Catal. 2012, 354, 3480. ) the oxidation of the benzyl ether 24 to 25. The oxidized product 25 is primed for alcohol deprotection under either hydrolytic or mildly reductive conditions.
Pavel Nagorny of the University of Michigan employed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 12932. ) an enantiomerically-pure phosphoric acid to effect regioselective protection of 26. Under simple acidic conditions, the other regioisomer dominated. Kian Tan, now at Novartis, designed (Nature Chem. 2013, 5, 790. ) an enantiomerically-pure imidazole to catalyze selective acylation. The selectivity with the arabinose derivative 29 was particularly striking. Under catalysis by N-methyl imidazole, mesylation was predominantly at position 2, as illustrated. With the (-) catalyst, mesylation was at position 3, and with the (+) enantiomer of the catalyst mesylation occurred selectively at position 4.
D. F. Taber, Org. Chem. Highlights 2014, June 9.


text:
Portugal en avant (en portugais: , PàF) était une coalition politique portugaise de droite composée du Parti social-démocrate (PPD/PSD) et du CDS – Parti populaire (CDS-PP), fondée le  dans la perspective des élections législatives de 2015. Elle est dissoute le .

Contexte
La liste prend la suite de la Coalition Açores (Coligação Açores), formée pour les élections législatives régionales des Açores de 2004, de la coalition Allez le Portugal (Força Portugal) formée en vue des élections européennes de 2004, et de l'Alliance Portugal (Aliança Portugal) des élections européennes de 2014. À cette occasion, la coalition remporte 27 % des suffrages et fait élire 7 députés au Parlement européen qui siègent au sein du groupe du Parti populaire européen pour la  législature.

Le , les deux partis s'entendent et signent un premier pré-accord en vue de renouveler la coalition pour les élections législatives de la même année. L'alliance est formellement conclue le  par Pedro Passos Coelho, président du PSD qui prend la tête de la coalition et Paulo Portas, président du CDS.

Le projet politique est fixé le  et la coalition est déclarée officiellement en lice pour les élections en date du . Son nom avait été fixé quelques jours auparavant, le  à Aveiro.

Aux élections législatives du , le PSD et le CDS-PP présentent donc liste commune, arrivant en tête du scrutin et obtenant 38,5% des voix et 107 députés à l'Assemblée de la République du Portugal. Néanmoins, le Parti socialiste et 86 ses sièges réussit à conclure un accord de soutien sans participation avec le Bloc de gauche et la Coalition démocratique unitaire, lui permettant de former un gouvernement minoritaire et reléguant l'alliance PàF dans l'opposition.

Sa dissolution fut par la suite naturelle, dans la mesure où les deux partis retrouvèrent l'opposition et commencèrent à afficher des positions divergentes.

Résultats électoraux

Élections législatives

Élections européennes

Élections régionales

Région autonome des Açores

Notes et références

Source de traduction

Coalition de partis au Portugal
Politique au Portugal

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
The Little Teacher is a 1915 American short comedy film starring Mabel Normand and Fatty Arbuckle, and directed by Mack Sennett.

Cast
 Mabel Normand as The Little Teacher
 Roscoe 'Fatty' Arbuckle as Fat Student
 Mack Sennett as Tall Student
 Bobby Dunn
 Owen Moore as Teacher's Fiancé
 Billie Brockwell (uncredited)
 Vivian Edwards (uncredited)
 Frank Hayes (uncredited)
 Frank Opperman (uncredited)

See also
 Fatty Arbuckle filmography

References

External links

1915 films
1915 comedy films
1915 short films
American silent short films
American black-and-white films
Silent American comedy films
American comedy short films
Films directed by Mack Sennett
1910s American films