text:
Q: generator runs only once but why does this generator could run multiple times? Hi I'm trying to wrap my head around the concept of generator in Python specifically using Spacy.
As far as I understood, generator runs only once. and nlp.pipe(list) returns a generator to use
machine effectively.
And the generator worked as I predicted like below.
matches = ['one', 'two', 'three']
docs = nlp.pipe(matches)
type(docs)

for x in docs:
    print(x)
# First iteration, worked
one
two
three

for x in docs:
    print(x)
#   Nothing is printed this time

But strange thing happened when I tried to make a list using the generator
for things in nlp.pipe(example1):
    print(things)

    #First iteration prints things

    a is something
    b is other thing
    c is new thing
    d is extra

for things in nlp.pipe(example1):
    print(things)
    #Second iteration prints things again!

    a is something
    b is other thing
    c is new thing
    d is extra

Why this generator runs infinitely? I tried several times and it seems like it runs infinitely.
Thank you

A: for things in nlp.pipe(example1) creates a new instance of the nlp.pipe() generator (i.e. an iterator).
If you had assigned the generator to a variable and used the variable multiple times, then you would have seen the effect that you were expecting:
pipeGen = nlp.pipe(example1)

for things in pipeGen:
   print(things)

   #First iteration will things

for things in pipeGen:
   print(things)

   #Second iteration will print nothing

In other words nlp.pipe() returns a NEW iterator whereas pipeGen IS an iterator.

A: I think you're confused because the term "generator" can be used to mean two different things in Python.
The first thing it can mean is a "generator object" which kind of iterator. The docs variable you created in your first example is a reference to one of these. A generator object can only be iterated once, after that it's exhausted and you'll need to create another one if you want to do more iteration.
The other thing "generator" can mean is a "generator function". A generator function is a function that returns a generator object when you call it. Indeed, the term "generator" is sometimes sloppily used for functions that return iterators generally, even when that's not technically correct. A real generator function is implemented using the yield keyword, but from the caller's perspective, it doesn't really matter how the function is implemented, just that it returns some kind of iterator.
I don't know anything about the library you're using, but it seems like nlp.pipe returns an iterator, so in at least the loosest sense (at least) it can be called a generator function. The iterator it returns is (presumably) the generator object.
Generator objects are single-use, like all iterators are supposed to be. Generator functions on the other hand, can be called as many times as you find appropriate (some might have side effects). Each time you call the generator function, you'll get a new generator object. This is why your second code block works, as you're calling nlp.pipe once for each loop, rather than iterating on the same iterator for both loops.


Really? Americans profess to make jokes on oneself not on other cultures or personalities. Gandhi using profanity? It is not funny.
A technological Innovation that became a nightmare for pilots and sounded the death knell for passengers - causing fatalities crash after crash..airline after airline.
The Boeing 737 Max and the Airbus A320NeO story.
This may be the most clear evidence that Pakistan is providing full support to BJP in the 'Indian-General-Elections' as BJP's Chowkidar MLA Raja Singh copies "word-to-word", the Pakistan Army's official "Pakistan Zindabad" Song..IN FULL as BJP's anthem..
Thanks for sharing this great news. Waiting next for Chinese army to also support BJP.
BHAKTOLOGY SUPREME - Einstein had said - "Only two things are infinite, the universe and human stupidity, and I'm not sure about the former."
Today, we know the universal trruth about incredible, incredulous darn Stupidity..
ELECTION COMMISSION - ARE YOU WATCHING?
Namo food packets being served to Polling Officers in Noida.
A blatant violation of the Code of Conduct during General Elections.
Is there any other politician or Political party who does this ???
It is the brand name for that food maker. You think Narender Modi is writing his name to bribe people with food.
He needs a designer shoe as well.
SpongeBob Squarepants is now a clothes designer it appears!.
Hahahahha Yeh kya ho gaya Shornub!!
Yes it's probably one of my all time favorite movies, as you know. I think you even know my favourite scene, with the Canadian actor.
I believe. But not just dogs but all animals and other living entities.
Carved ivory panel, originally part of a diptych, showing the Archangel Michael, and inscribed in Greek.
Made in Constantinople. c. AD 525-550.


text:
"""Create cluster command."""
import argparse
import random
import string

from googlecloudsdk.api_lib.compute import constants
from googlecloudsdk.api_lib.container import api_adapter
from googlecloudsdk.api_lib.container import kubeconfig as kconfig
from googlecloudsdk.api_lib.container import util
from googlecloudsdk.calliope import arg_parsers
from googlecloudsdk.calliope import base
from googlecloudsdk.calliope import exceptions
from googlecloudsdk.core import log
from googlecloudsdk.third_party.apitools.base.py import exceptions as apitools_exceptions

def _Args(parser):
  """Register flags for this command.

  Args:
    parser: An argparse.ArgumentParser-like object. It is mocked out in order
        to capture some information, but behaves like an ArgumentParser.
  """
  parser.add_argument('name', help='The name of this cluster.')
  # Timeout in seconds for operation
  parser.add_argument(
      '--timeout',
      type=int,
      default=1800,
      help=argparse.SUPPRESS)
  parser.add_argument(
      '--wait',
      action='store_true',
      default=True,
      help='Poll the operation for completion after issuing a create request.')
  parser.add_argument(
      '--num-nodes',
      type=int,
      help='The number of nodes in the cluster.',
      default=3)
  parser.add_argument(
      '--machine-type', '-m',
      help='The type of machine to use for nodes. Defaults to '
      'server-specified')
  parser.add_argument(
      '--subnetwork',
      help='The name of the Google Compute Engine subnetwork'
      '(https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/subnetworks) to which the '
      'cluster is connected. If specified, the cluster\'s network must be a '
      '"custom subnet" network. Specification of subnetworks is an '
      'alpha feature, and requires that the '
      'Google Compute Engine alpha API be enabled.')
  parser.add_argument(
      '--network',
      help='The Compute Engine Network that the cluster will connect to. '
      'Google Container Engine will use this network when creating routes '
      'and firewalls for the clusters. Defaults to the \'default\' network.')
  parser.add_argument(
      '--cluster-ipv4-cidr',
      help='The IP address range for the pods in this cluster in CIDR '
      'notation (e.g. 10.0.0.0/14). Defaults to server-specified')
  parser.add_argument(
      '--password',
      help='The password to use for cluster auth. Defaults to a '
      'randomly-generated string.')
  parser.add_argument(
      '--scopes',
      type=arg_parsers.ArgList(min_length=1),
      metavar='SCOPE',
      action=arg_parsers.FloatingListValuesCatcher(),
      help="""\
Specifies scopes for the node instances. The project's default
service account is used. Examples:

  $ {{command}} example-cluster --scopes https://www.googleapis.com/auth/devstorage.read_only

  $ {{command}} example-cluster --scopes bigquery,storage-rw,compute-ro

Multiple SCOPEs can specified, separated by commas. The scopes
necessary for the cluster to function properly (compute-rw, storage-ro),
are always added, even if not explicitly specified.

SCOPE can be either the full URI of the scope or an alias.
Available aliases are:

[format="csv",options="header"]
|========
Alias,URI
{aliases}
|========
""".format(
    aliases='\n'.join(
        ','.join(value) for value in
        sorted(constants.SCOPES.iteritems()))))
  parser.add_argument(
      '--enable-cloud-endpoints',
      action='store_true',
      default=True,
      help='Automatically enable Google Cloud Endpoints to take advantage of '
      'API management features.')
  parser.add_argument(
      '--enable-cloud-logging',
      action='store_true',
      default=True,
      help='Automatically send logs from the cluster to the '
      'Google Cloud Logging API.')
  parser.set_defaults(enable_cloud_logging=True)
  parser.add_argument(
      '--enable-cloud-monitoring',
      action='store_true',
      default=True,
      help='Automatically send metrics from pods in the cluster to the '
      'Google Cloud Monitoring API. VM metrics will be collected by Google '
      'Compute Engine regardless of this setting.')
  parser.set_defaults(enable_cloud_monitoring=True)
  parser.add_argument(
      '--disk-size',
      type=int,
      help='Size in GB for node VM boot disks. Defaults to 100GB.')
  parser.add_argument(
      '--username', '-u',
      help='The user name to use for cluster auth.',
      default='admin')
  parser.add_argument(
      '--cluster-version',
      help=argparse.SUPPRESS)

NO_CERTS_ERROR_FMT = '''\
Failed to get certificate data for cluster; the kubernetes
api may not be accessible. You can retry later by running

{command}'''

@base.ReleaseTracks(base.ReleaseTrack.GA)
class Create(base.Command):
  """Create a cluster for running containers."""

  @staticmethod
  def Args(parser):
    _Args(parser)

  def ParseCreateOptions(self, args):
    if not args.scopes:
      args.scopes = []
    cluster_ipv4_cidr = args.cluster_ipv4_cidr
    return api_adapter.CreateClusterOptions(
        node_machine_type=args.machine_type,
        scopes=args.scopes,
        enable_cloud_endpoints=args.enable_cloud_endpoints,
        num_nodes=args.num_nodes,
        user=args.username,
        password=args.password,
        cluster_version=args.cluster_version,
        network=args.network,
        subnetwork=args.subnetwork,
        cluster_ipv4_cidr=cluster_ipv4_cidr,
        node_disk_size_gb=args.disk_size,
        enable_cloud_logging=args.enable_cloud_logging,
        enable_cloud_monitoring=args.enable_cloud_monitoring)

  def Run(self, args):
    """This is what gets called when the user runs this command.

    Args:
      args: an argparse namespace. All the arguments that were provided to this
        command invocation.

    Returns:
      Cluster message for the successfully created cluster.

    Raises:
      util.Error, if creation failed.
    """
    util.CheckKubectlInstalled()
    if not args.password:
      args.password = ''.join(random.SystemRandom().choice(
          string.ascii_letters + string.digits) for _ in range(16))

    adapter = self.context['api_adapter']

    if not args.scopes:
      args.scopes = []
    cluster_ref = adapter.ParseCluster(args.name)
    options = self.ParseCreateOptions(args)

    operation = None
    try:
      operation_ref = adapter.CreateCluster(cluster_ref, options)
      if not args.wait:
        return adapter.GetCluster(cluster_ref)

      operation = adapter.WaitForOperation(
          operation_ref,
          'Creating cluster {0}'.format(cluster_ref.clusterId),
          timeout_s=args.timeout)
      cluster = adapter.GetCluster(cluster_ref)
    except apitools_exceptions.HttpError as error:
      raise exceptions.HttpException(util.GetError(error))

    log.CreatedResource(cluster_ref)
    if operation.detail:
      # Non-empty detail on a DONE create operation should be surfaced as
      # a warning to end user.
      log.warning(operation.detail)
    # Persist cluster config
    current_context = kconfig.Kubeconfig.Default().current_context
    c_config = util.ClusterConfig.Persist(cluster, cluster_ref.projectId)
    if not c_config.has_certs:
      # Purge config so we retry the cert fetch on next kubectl command
      util.ClusterConfig.Purge(
          cluster.name, cluster.zone, cluster_ref.projectId)
      # reset current context
      if current_context:
        kubeconfig = kconfig.Kubeconfig.Default()
        kubeconfig.SetCurrentContext(current_context)
        kubeconfig.SaveToFile()
      raise util.Error(NO_CERTS_ERROR_FMT.format(command=' '.join(
          args.command_path[:-1] + ['get-credentials', cluster.name])))
    return cluster

  def Display(self, args, result):
    """This method is called to print the result of the Run() method.

    Args:
      args: The arguments that command was run with.
      result: The value returned from the Run() method.
    """
    self.context['api_adapter'].PrintClusters([result])

@base.ReleaseTracks(base.ReleaseTrack.BETA)
class CreateBeta(Create):
  """Create a cluster for running containers."""

@base.ReleaseTracks(base.ReleaseTrack.ALPHA)
class CreateAlpha(Create):
  """Create a cluster for running containers."""

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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A private message accompanied with the Diwali greeting playing cards will convey the heat and the spirit of Diwali that you just really feel in your family members.
Well, the receiver mеаnѕ an lоt tо уоu аnd thus іt іѕ nоt easy tо fіnd a perfect gіft fоr hіm/hеr. Yоu nееd ѕоmеthіng whісh еxрrеѕѕеѕ уоur truе еmоtіоnѕ аnd feelings. Onе nееdѕ to put an lоt оf еffоrt ѕеlесtіng gіftѕ fоr ѕроuѕе, friends аnd соrроrаtе frіеndѕ. Hоwеvеr, thіngѕ have ѕіmрlіfіеd wіth thе аdvеnt оf the оnlіnе gіft stores whеrе уоu may find рlеthоrа оf gіftіng орtіоnѕ.
Nоthіng can еxрrеѕѕ уоur lоvе аnd саrе bеttеr than flowers. Flоwеrѕ аrе thе lаnguаgе оf еmоtіоn аnd ѕо уоu саn ѕеnd flоwеr bunches оr bоuԛuеtѕ or a еlаbоrаtе flоrаl аrrаngеmеnt dереndіng оn thе tуре оf rеlаtіоnѕhір уоu share with thе реrѕоn. To ѕеnd flowers tо your lаdу lоvе, browse through rаngе of орtіоnѕ аnd рlасе orders. Chооѕе red аnd ріnk rоѕеѕ tо сrеаtе a іdеаl flоwеr gіft. Combine tulips and ѕеlесt decorative packing to wish 'Hарру Dіwаlі' tо the rесеіvеr. Frаgrаnсе rісh flоwеrѕ whеn расkеd in bеаutіful расkіng саn act аѕ рlеаѕаnt ѕurрrіѕе fоr thе rесеіvеr. The bright соlоr аnd ѕсеnt of mesmerizing flowers may add joy tо the festival оf lіghtѕ.
Swееt еdіblеѕ аnd dеlісіоuѕ саkеѕ fоrm аn іntеgrаl раrt оf Diwali сеlеbrаtіоn. Yоu mау send cakes thаt mаkе fоr gооd gіftѕ. Hаvе a lооk at the variety оf саkеѕ оnlіnе and рlасе оrdеrѕ. Chооѕе among ѕtrаwbеrrу саkеѕ, fruіt саkеѕ, vаnіllа, chocolate and ріnеаррlе cake. Yоu саn be аѕ сrеаtіvе аѕ possible bу сhооѕіng саkеѕ as gіftѕ. Plасе оrdеrѕ for custom саkеѕ.
Onlіnе gіft dеlіvеrу ѕtоrеѕ аrе all loaded wіth delicious, frеѕh аnd mouth-watering ѕwееtѕ thаt are just реrfесt for the оссаѕіоn of Dіwаlі. If thе rесеіvеr hаѕ a ѕwееt tооth, уоu muѕt nоt wаѕtе еvеn a mіnutе but hаvе a look at the rаngе of ѕwееtѕ like Gulаb Jamun, Kаju Kаtlі, Mаwа Bаrfі, Mуѕоrе Pаk, Rasgulla аnd рlасе оrdеrѕ. Yоur gift will bе accepted wіth a ѕwееt ѕmіlе by thе receiver. You саn also dеlіvеr ѕwееtѕ hаmреr whеrе you mау соmbіnе 3-4 sweets tо bе delivered.
A single Dіwаlі gift lіkе a cake or flоwеrѕ оr sweets mау bе rесеіvеd wіth a ѕmіlе but if уоu ѕеnd Dіwаlі hаmреrѕ, it will bе ассерtеd wіth rеаl jоу. If уоu wаnt tо rесеіvе a іmmеdіаtе 'Thank You' call frоm thе rесеіvеr, уоu ѕhоuld ѕеnd a Dіwаlі gіft hamper. Send a саkе, bunсh оf flоwеrѕ аnd dry fruіtѕ tоgеthеr tо ѕurрrіѕе the receiver.
If you nееd tо ѕеnd a Happy Diwali 2018 gіft tо уоur раrеntѕ, grandparents оr anyone else rесоvеrіng frоm іllnеѕѕ, you should dеlіvеr fruіt basket. Wіѕh a gооd health and Happy Dіwаlі bу ѕеndіng a combination оf seasonal fruits.
If уоu wіѕh to send оnlіnе Dіwаlі gifts, сhооѕе аnу оf the орtіоnѕ frоm above mеntіоnеd lіѕt.
The post Happy Diwali 2018 appeared first on Diwali Wishes.


Picture up high in the post. Should be the first thing you see.
Your paragraph should contain: 1 main thought, expressed in 2 to 3 short sentences.
What is your dream job or type of career?
What have you done, or what you are doing, to achieve this?
Have an opinion about something and back it up with research.
Post the link to Blackboard before the start of next class.


Dr. Nicole Rivera and Nick Carruthers are the creators of the Institute for Integrative Wellness which is a integrative medicine learning platform for physicians and nutritionists. The full launch of the program will be in 2019 which will include live meetings, calls, online support, marketing tools, and full access to their patient support portal. In 2018, the doctors are offering intimate one on one and group coaching for physicians and nutritionists looking to jump start their functional medicine or integrative medicine practice.
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Upon enrollment for group VIP Day, you will have an initial complementary 30 minute kick-off call to review a previously submitted questionnaire. This questionnaire will review your goals, current business model, clinical needs, and business structure evaluation.


AROUND 11,000 Andalucians are heading to the wine regions of France for the grape harvest.
According to the UGT union this is a 10% increase from last year.
It comes as increasing numbers of young people are looking to Germany and the UK to find work.
They could work round here (Granada) picking tomatoes, almonds and olives except that work is being done by Romanians on half the minimum wage, they are employed by Spaniards who lodge them in their own houses and deduct their rent direct from their wages. Of course the Spaniards moan that the Romanians are taking the jobs when the truth is that it is Spaniards (employers) taking the jobs by refusing to pay the minimum wage, tax and social security-not helped of course by the Spanish government imposing such high tax and social security payments on the lower paid.
Peter: Spot on. As in tax-dodging Greece, the people (mostly middle-class) are their own worst enemies.
Last year 30,000 Spanish arrived and signed on in the UK – how many Brits are getting Social Security in Spain – anyone know?


text:
The Binding
By Bridget Collins
Review by Carla Jean Whitley
What would life be if you could forget your most painful memories?
Emmett Farmer's family is horrified when a bookbinder requests Emmett as her apprentice. Under her guidance, he will learn to lay hands on people, copy their memories onto paper and bind those memories between two covers. Once the memories are committed to the page, their creators forget their most traumatic moments. Sexual assault and violence are no more, but what's left in their place? Is it worse "to feel nothing, or to grieve for something you no longer remembered?" Emmett asks. "Surely when you forgot, you'd forget to be sad, or what was the point? And yet that numbness would take part of your self away. It would be like having pins and needles in your soul."
In The Binding, acclaimed young adult author Bridget Collins explores the way memory shapes a person in times both good and bad. Emmett learns that his trade is controversial—considered witchcraft by some—but that he's powerless to avoid it. His mentor sees binding as a kind act for those who want to leave trauma behind, but other binders aren't so ethical. Some practitioners sell books on the black market. Other binders take advantage of people's need for money and purchase their memories. When Emmett spots a book bearing his own name, the ethical quandary becomes personal.
Collins' interest in bookbinding is apparent in her enchanting descriptions of these vessels of memories. She also found inspiration in her work with the Samaritans, the British charity organization she volunteered with, working with people who had experienced trauma.
The Binding is an imaginative, thought-provoking tale of how—for better and worse—moments can define who we become.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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For over 30 years Scott DeWald has helped clients plan and execute strategies, solve problems, and realize opportunities using business law, primarily in corporate formation, financing and acquisition transactions and contract negotiations. His clients include public and private companies (startups as well as medium and large businesses), profit and nonprofit corporations, LLCs, partnerships and government agencies.
Scott's practice is concentrated on mergers and acquisitions, financing and other commercial transactions, raising capital, joint ventures, executive compensation, new business formation, and complex and simple contracts. He has represented buyers and sellers in stock and asset acquisitions and mergers in a variety of industries including biotechnology, employee leasing, newspapers, banking, e-commerce, university technology licensing, automobile dealerships and auto loan financing, automobile parts and supplies, Internet and e-commerce, software development and licensing, computer hardware manufacturing, plastics manufacturing, computer data services and consulting, cable television, commercial spin-offs of university research, healthcare, financial institutions, contracting, hospitality, and wholesale jewelry equipment. He has represented entrepreneurs in emerging companies and larger established corporate issuers, underwriters, venture capital investors and angel investors in connection with public and private offerings of debt and equity securities, including debentures and preferred stock financing transactions, spanning start-up capital, venture capital and initial and secondary public offerings. For two airlines, his work involved public offerings of common stock.
He has advised boards of directors on a range of issues, including board and shareholders meetings, and has represented executives and companies on employment and executive compensation matters, including employment and severance agreements, stock option plans, and incentive bonus programs, including phantom stock plans.
Scott also practices extensively in nonprofit corporate transactions, including affiliation agreements among tax-exempt organizations and government organizations. He has represented public universities, state agencies and tax-exempt corporations in collaboration agreements, tech-transfer agreements and funding agreements. He has negotiated contracts both on behalf of and opposing sovereign Native American governments.
Scott has represented lenders and borrowers in secured lending transactions involving a wide variety of collateral. He has extensive experience in banking law, including the formation and regulation of financial institutions such as banks and finance companies, as well as compliance with securities laws in connection with publicly traded preferred stock of a bank and the sale of the bank to another public company, including executive employment and merger agreements and the preparation of the S-4 registration statement and proxy materials.
He represented a local professional sports entity in connection with its offering of securities, purchase of a franchise, and the construction and financing and of a municipal-owned sports facility. For two professional sports organizations, he negotiated agreements with municipalities for the management of sports facilities.
Scott is a member of the Mergers and Acquisition Committee of the Business Law Section of the American Bar Association and its Task Force that is drafting the second edition of the Model Asset Purchase Agreement. He serves as the Chair of the Legislative Committee of the Business Section of State Bar of Arizona and has been active in drafting and working with state legislators on the passage of over nine Arizona bills governing limited liability companies, corporations and partnerships, including the 2016 Arizona Business Entities Competitive Omnibus Act, 2013 legislation amending the Arizona Corporations Code, 2008, 1998, 1997, 1996 and 1994 legislation amending the Arizona Partnership and Limited Liability Company Acts, interstate banking, and 1990 technical and clarifying amendments to the Arizona Antitakeover Statute affecting Arizona public corporations.
Scott has been listed since 2007 in every edition of The Best Lawyers in America© in Corporate Law, Mergers and Acquisitions Law and Securities/Capital Markets Law. He was listed in 2019 and 2018 Arizona Business Leaders in Nonprofit Organizations Law and was listed in 2014 and 2015 Arizona Business Leaders under Law, Business and Corporate. He is listed in the 2011-2018 editions of Chambers USA© in Corporate Law and Mergers & Acquisitions. Martindale-Hubbell has rated Mr. DeWald an "AV/Preeminent Attorney" in Securities Law and a 2014 "Top Rated Lawyer" in Mergers and Acquisitions, Martindale's highest rating in legal ability and ethical standards. He is listed in the 2007-2014 editions of Southwest Super Lawyers in the area of Business/Corporate. He was named a 2013 Corporate INTL Global Awards winner. He was named North Valley Magazine's Top Lawyer 2011, in the area of Commercial Finance. He was also included in the 2010 and 2012 editions of AZ Business Magazine's Top Lawyers in Corporate Law and Banking. Mr. DeWald has been recognized by B Lab, a nonprofit corporation that certifies B corporations, as an attorney competent to advise clients regarding benefit corporations.
Scott has been recognized for his commitment to pro bono service at the Annual John P. Frank Pro Bono Awards Luncheon, for more than 50 hours of pro bono work every year since 2006.
Acquisition of medical practices in connection with reorganization of existing entities by merger and creation of holding company.
Sale of stock by audio visual services firm catering to large convention customers of major hotels to public company. Included negotiation of warranties tailored to representations and warranties insurance, creation of a new entity to manage certain interim customer services, and negotiation of noncompetition agreements.
Sale of assets by automobile components remanufacturing firm to public company. Included negotiation of customized accounting principles for purposes of representations and purchase price adjustments, lease to buyer of real property retained by seller affiliate, environmental indemnities and noncompetition agreements.
Sale of stock by transit advertising firm to public company. Included negotiation of possible price adjustments upon election under IRC Section 338(h)(10), negotiation of consents of municipalities to assignment of contracts with municipal airports, substitution of letters of credit securing company performance and encumbering company assets, as well as employment and noncompetition agreements.
Sale of assets by bioscience product company holding patented water purity testing technology to public company. Involved payoff procedures through escrow of over 100 creditors, including holders of convertible notes and warrant holders, and earn-out provisions based on milestones over 24-month period.
Sale of second-generation business selling to national and international markets in jewelry-making supplies. Handled all aspects of the transaction for the seller, including negotiation of the engagement with nationally prominent investment banker, confidentiality agreements with prospective buyers, and the acquisition agreement with ultimate buyer; multiple nonvoting shareholders granted powers of attorney and drag along rights; precious metals inventory price fluctuation required unique closing price adjustment procedure.
Negotiated acquisition agreement for buyer, a Canadian corporation owned by a Canadian municipality, in the purchase of stock of a regulated public utility (water company) from a public corporation. Coordinated firm handing of a variety of environmental, real estate, bond financing, regulatory, water rights, and zoning and land use issues involved in the transaction.
Represented public building materials company buyer in purchase of assets from aggregate and ready-mix company, including negotiation of the acquisition agreement and extensive due diligence regarding numerous mining sites in Arizona involving real property, permitting and environmental issues, and a deferred purchase note that entitles the buyer to offset environmental remediation costs.
Represented sellers of health care facilities, one a nursing home in Tucson, Arizona and a pair of specialty hospitals combined with nursing facilities in the greater Phoenix metropolitan area.
Represented public forest products company as buyer of LLC interests in major local homebuilder, and later represented company in severance and non-competition negotiations with management.
Represented seller of LLC interests in heavy electrical contracting company, involving multiple entities, to a public company headquartered in another state, with negotiated limitations on indemnification liabilities relating to union labor contracts.
Represented buyer in acquisition of new automobile franchise involving strategies for risks of seller creditor claims.
Represented seller of third generation private company in sale of national park concessions operations, sale of home improvement retail/wholesale centers, sale of hospitality properties, and sale of building materials division.
Represented seller of high tech plastics manufacturer to public company, featuring escrow of retention bonus; previously represented seller in establishment of joint ventures in Brazil, Ireland and Asia and growth through purchase of assets.
Represented seller of employee "leasing" and benefits firm in sale to public company.
Represented private cable television and telecommunications company in numerous sales and purchases of cable television systems and eventual sale to national operator.
Represented wholesale distributor of health foods in sale of assets to public company and multiple prior stock purchase acquisitions including merger of three Florida corporations.
Represented buyer (U.S. subsidiary of public Japanese company) in acquisition of industrial valves manufacturer.
Represented seller of blueprint software company in sale to public company.
Represented laptop semiconductor manufacturer in recapitalization and later sale of assets to National Semiconductor, Inc.
Represented Spanish language media company in sale to national chain of newspapers and television stations.
Represented management of atomic microscopy company in management buy-out from public company, reorganization and later sale to Agilent Technologies.
Counsel to major hospital chain in sales of numerous hospitals, sale of joint venture assets to a physician entity, sale of home healthcare facilities, and creation of limited liability companies as vehicles for a home healthcare joint venture with a public company.
Represented buyer in asset purchase of aggregate supplier in Utah essential for retail market penetration, including rights under aggregate mining lease to quarry rock products, real property lease for distribution center, and land use issues.
Formed joint venture between multiple tax-exempt non-profit blood banking organizations to create blood testing organization to operate testing laboratories in several states. Negotiated governance documents containing voting and buyout provisions.
Negotiated arena lease and management agreement for prospective purchase of professional sports team in negotiations with municipality, drawing upon firm's experience representing a prior bidder for the team out of bankruptcy and Scott's negotiation of a similar arena lease for the Phoenix Suns.
Negotiated commercial online gaming contract for a Native American tribe for the management of the prospective business of online gaming in California, including website management, in order to form an alliance for the lobbying of final legislation and capitalize on the resources of a major entertainment management company and a sovereign tribal community, providing flexibility for contemplated features of legislation not yet passed.
Negotiated state economic development funding contract for bioscience research organization and amendments protecting state against reductions in employment within the state.
Structured alternatives for merger to acquire Arizona nonprofit educational institution, including exemptions from real property and sales taxes.
Negotiated multiple affiliation agreements for nonprofit blood bank.
Represented seller in strategic sale of blood bank operation assets to exit geographic market.
Advised university on formation of entity in connection with collaboration among several universities involving sustainability measures for industry.
Negotiated and documented spin-off of university's solar panel testing operations to a private company, retaining an interest through an affiliate of the university's alumni organization.
Advised universities on legal structure of bioscience organization attracted by state universities, and later represented universities in the negotiation of a collaboration agreement with the new nonprofit corporation.
With foreign counsel structured and formed Mexican nonprofit corporation and ownership vehicles to own research center used for archeological work in Mexico and potential other Mexican activities related to education.
Helped structure nonprofit corporation that operates charter school that collaborates with university teaching programs.
Worked on numerous matters for marketing and licensing entity specifically formed for the commercialization of university technology; created template for new entities to use as they are launched from university and seek private capital.
Advised on license relating to a parking structure with solar panels on rooftops over buildings and parking lots.
Provided legal opinions relating to university ownership of non-economic LLC membership interests in ventures.
Advised on formation of entity to operate law firm employing university law school graduates.
Represented state banks in matters ranging from growth through acquisition to sale to public company.
Has advised numerous boards of directors regarding conduct of board and shareholder meetings.
Has advised executives and companies on employment and executive compensation matters, including employment and severance agreements, stock option plans, incentive bonus programs, secured credit facilities and other lending transactions.
Formation and later sale of assets of cost-accounting software company to publicly-held corporation.
Has advised and mentored numerous start-up businesses.
Sports: Represented a local professional sports entity in connection with its offering of securities, purchase of a franchise, and the construction and financing of a municipal-owned sports facility. For two professional sports organizations, negotiated agreements with municipalities for the management of sport facilities.
Litigation: Representation of surviving co-founder and affiliates in litigation with heirs of deceased co-founder over buy-sell agreement for corporate shares.
Litigation: Representation of Japanese public company in international arbitration over commercial contract.


text:
Sara Janiszewska - December 9, 2021
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text:
Егијон () насеље је и општина у југозападној Француској у региону Аквитанија, у департману Лот и Гарона која припада префектури Ажан.

По подацима из 2007. године у општини је живело 4344 становника, а густина насељености је износила 154 становника/-{km²}-. Општина се простире на површини од 28,28 -{km²}-. Налази се на средњој надморској висини од 41 метар (максималној 168 -{m}-, а минималној 22 -{m}-).

Демографија

График промене броја становника у току последњих година

Види још
 Списак општина у департману Лот и Гарона

Референце

Спољашње везе
 База података: -{Insee}-
 http://www.ville-aiguillon.eu/|Site
 Егијон на страници Националног географског института Француске
 Егијон на страници организације -{INSEE}-
 Најближа насеља (километража, правац и координате)
 Положај места Егијон на мапи Француске (са основним подацима о месту)
 План насеља Егијон на мапи (-{Mapquest}-)

Департман Лот и Гарона у Француској
Википројект географија/Насеља у Француској

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Is Online Banking Really Secure? How Can I Protect My Login and Password?
The vast majority of banking transactions occur online these days. Therefore, it's imperative to protect your banking and credit card information from being intercepted by third parties and keylogger software. Sophos puts additional protections around Windows PC browsers in addition to encrypting keystrokes, to prevent the interception of your credit card numbers, passwords, and other login credentials. These advanced technologies have earned Sophos Home the MRG Effitas certification for secure online banking.


text:
Q: TSQL Split Function Skip Duplicates How can I make this skip duplicates?
The column may be
one;two;three;two
Would like a split on ; to skip the second two (any duplicates)
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.Split2
(
    @RowData varchar(max),
    @SplitOn varchar(5)
)
RETURNS @RtnValue table
(
    Id int identity(1,1),
    Data varchar(8000)
)
AS
BEGIN
    Declare @Cnt int
    Set @Cnt = 1

    While (Charindex(@SplitOn,@RowData)>0)
    Begin
        Insert Into @RtnValue (data)
        Select
            Data = ltrim(rtrim(Substring(@RowData,1,Charindex(@SplitOn,@RowData)-1)))

        Set @RowData = Substring(@RowData,Charindex(@SplitOn,@RowData)+1,len(@RowData))
        Set @Cnt = @Cnt + 1
    End

    Insert Into @RtnValue (data)
    Select Data = ltrim(rtrim(@RowData))

    Return
END

Answer
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.Split2
(
    @RowData varchar(max),
    @SplitOn varchar(5)
)
RETURNS @RtnValue table
(
    Id int identity(1,1),
    Data varchar(8000)
)
AS
BEGIN
    Declare @Data varchar(8000)
    Declare @Cnt int
    Set @Cnt = 1

    While (Charindex(@SplitOn,@RowData)>0)
    Begin
        set @Data = ltrim(rtrim(Substring(@RowData,1,Charindex(@SplitOn,@RowData)-1)))
        IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM @RtnValue WHERE data = @Data)
        BEGIN
           INSERT INTO @RtnValue (data)
           VALUES (@Data)
        END
        Set @RowData = Substring(@RowData,Charindex(@SplitOn,@RowData)+1,len(@RowData))
        Set @Cnt = @Cnt + 1
    End
    set @Data = ltrim(rtrim(@RowData))
    IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM @RtnValue WHERE data = @Data)
    BEGIN
       INSERT INTO @RtnValue (data)
       VALUES (@Data)
    END

    Return
END

A: Check before inserting within while loop. Add a IF NOT EXISTS as follows;
DECLARE @temp VARCHAR(100) --declare a temp variable

While (Charindex(@SplitOn,@RowData)>0)
Begin

   SELECT @temp = ltrim(rtrim(Substring(@RowData,1,Charindex(@SplitOn,@RowData)-1)))

   IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM @RtnValue WHERE data = @temp)
   BEGIN
       INSERT INTO @RtnValue (data)
       VALUES (@temp)
   END

   Set @RowData = Substring(@RowData,Charindex(@SplitOn,@RowData)+1,len(@RowData))
   Set @Cnt = @Cnt + 1
End

EDIT: Add an IF condition for checking existance

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Demi Lovato is entering 2019 with plenty of gratitude in her heart.
The singer and actress, who suffered a drug overdose in July, took to Instagram stories to thank those who have been there for her ahead of her New Years Eve celebration. She is also making a promise to herself not to take anything for granted in the future.
"So grateful for the lessons I've learned this year," she wrote on Sunday.
Lovato kept her partying low-key by staying in and sipping Martinelli's sparkling apple cider to ring in the new year in Aspen. She shared a photo of her drink of choice with a large hashtag saying, #SOBRIETY.
The hitmaker has recently been seen enjoying her time back home in Los Angeles, popping up all over town with new boyfriend, Henry Levy. The pair were also photographed in the popular Colorado city, where they welcomed 2019 together.
Their budding romance has been criticized due to how quickly it happened after she completed rehab. Although Levy has already shared a video to his private Instagram page showing the couple kissing, Lovato is not yet ready to discuss what happened or what is currently happening in her life.
She has promised to share everything in due time, however.
"Someday I'll tell the world what exactly happened, why it happened and what my life is like today but until I'm ready to share that with people please stop prying and making up sh*t that you know nothing about," she posted on her official Twitter account.


The SVC is a vertical bandaw capable of cutting both horizontally and vertically. Thanks to the rotating blade guide system horizontal and vertical cuts can be made without having to reposition material. A huge savings in operator time and costs. All head movement and positioning is driven by a brushless motor.


One Easter Sunday, like today, but in 2015, I went to all of you to introduce myself as a candidate of the Popular Party to the mayoralty of Bigastro .
Today, four years later, I address you again with the same enthusiasm and commitment of that day, to tell you that I have accepted once again the challenge of "leading the bid to govern Bigastro during the next 4 years."
I must confess that, on that Easter Sunday, I was overcome by uncertainty, as I had no experience in politics and public management. My professional career had been developed up to that point in the business and teaching fields, but always in the private sector. But I had the conviction that with the help of the people who accompanied me in that new project, we would win your trust, and what with our commitment and work, we would do a good management of the municipal government that would not disappoint you.
During these four years, we have worked with enthusiasm, with courage and without sparing time and effort to fulfil that promise that, after four years, our people people would be better off. I hope you agree, because our reward is your satisfaction.
I want to thank you for the trust that you placed in me four years ago and in the team of people that formed the Popular Party candidacy, because thanks to your support at that time and throughout the legislature, we were able to carry out the project that filled us with hope and confidence.
I also want to apologise for the mistakes that we have made and the decisions that may have hurt you, but I assure you that we have always tried to make the decisions that affect our people from the path that marks the legality and justice, understood the latter as those actions that benefit a greater number of people, the damage being inevitable in others.
Being the mayor of Bigastro, has been one of my best experiences along with the satisfaction of being a mother and creating a family with my beloved husband. Representing my people and their friendly neighbours is an honour and a pride that I can not express in words.
Like in any life experience, there has been moments of satisfaction and, of course, some grief, which I have been able to share with my fellow councillors and all the people that make up the human team of the Town Hall of Bigastro.
Today, with the same enthusiasm and with more experience, I have the necessary strength to continue with the project to improve Bigastro that we started four years ago.
Some of my travel companions will not continue to accompany me on this exciting journey, and others will join us to reach our goal.
Next Thursday, April 25th, we will hold the presentation of the new Popular Bigastro candidacy for the 2019-2023 term. An act in which we will present the new candidates and at the same time pay homage to those companions that kept intact their commitment to their party and their people but have now decided to leave the front line to continue working on this project from another field.
I want to make public and share with you all my deepest and sincere thanks to the brave councillors for the work and commitment they have shown towards our people. To those who have shared government responsibilities, and to those who have carried out the necessary and legitimate opposition work. The dedication to public service is a sign of generosity that deserves all the recognition of our society, and more than ever now, that this work seeks to discredit irresponsibly by some social factions that are unable to understand the need and importance of politics in our lives, and that there are people prepared and committed to ensure the common good.
I finish with a message of hope: "Bigastro is worth it, and to work to improve it is our obligation as citizens of this small town in territory, but big in values." You can follow all the activities related to the election campaign on the Facebook page that we have created to inform you.
The heavy rain, stormy seas and wind have left the beaches of Orihuela Costa in a sorry state. Just to think that, days before, people were sunbathing on them.
A touch of the Andy Warhols.
The PP are about to launch their campaign for the local election in May. As a first step, the lady mayor has created a website of her own to tell us what she stands for.
My name is Teresa María Belmonte Sánchez, and for those of you who do not know me yet, I will tell you a little about myself.
I live and work in Bigastro, the town where I was born 45 years ago.
I am the daughter of Manolo (the de la Marre) and Tere (the one in the garage); wife of Marco Antonio (the biggest saga of Quino Evaristo), and mother of my two treasures, Carmen and Marco (still without nickname, I think ...).
My life goes on like most of the women in Bigastro, reconciling my roles as mother, wife, daughter and worker.
Like many of you, I worry about the future, and I live the present trying not to repeat the mistakes of the past.
Tolerance and honesty are my guides. I try to think what I say, say what I think, and do what I say, and I make an effort to do so, being aware that, my freedom ends where the one that I have by my side begins.
I feel proud to be Bigastrense, and I want my town to be a place where every day lives are better.
I want Bigastro to be a thriving town where you can go out for a walk in a safe and clean environment. I want a variety of places to do my shopping, and a cultural venues that encourages me to go out and meet my friends in bars, restaurants, cafes and pubs that innovate to create an atmosphere. I want to feel that I live in an exemplary town that has quality public services where health, education, sports, culture, social assistance, ... are in continuous improvement.
I want Bigastro to be a benchmark in the recovery of the region , and to adapt dynamically to the changes that are taking place in society and economy worldwide. And that the necessary conditions are given, so that innovative and sustainable companies capable of generating quality jobs are developed.
Once again I have taken a step forward to achieve what I want, and I have accepted the challenge they have proposed to me: " to lead the candidacy for Bigastro and govern for the next 4 years ."
And I will achieve it, rather, we will achieve together all the residents of Bigastro.
And we will do it together because Bigastro has an honest, proud and hard-working people , who do not give in to adversity, and who know how to regenerate in order to seek a better future.
It has always been that way, and it will continue to be so.
And as the great Adolfo Suarez said, "I can promise, and I promise," that in four years we will be better.
In a few days you can meet my travel companions.
Day by day they will be presented so that you can appreciate their many qualities . Qualities that make them the ideal candidates to carry out this important challenge to which we have committed ourselves.
I am accompanied by 12 women and men with sufficient training and experience to be able to undertake the improvements that Bigastro demands. People capable of giving the most advantageous solution for our people. Able to use public money under the principles of transparency and efficiency, because public money, our tax dollars, are for everyone and we must work with common sense.
During these weeks I hope to be able to communicate with you through social networks. To listen to what concern you; know your ideas and proposals to improve our town, and have the opportunity to discuss them to reach the best conclusions together.
An enormous amount of rain has fallen overnight in Torrevieja – more than 145 litres per square metre in some areas - causing flooding and road closures.
Torrevieja town hall has just released a statement about the storm, stating that 'almost all the access roads to the town are cut off' at present.
The roads which are closed due to flooding include the CV-905 dual carriageway 'from the roundabout at McDonald's (Carrefour)'; Avenida de las Cortes Valencianas; and Av Rosa Mazón.
Public transport has been suspended.
Councillor for emergencies Javier Manzanares has asked people not to leave their homes unless it is an emergency and to exercise caution.
There you have it, just look at all the rain that fell overnight.
And just to make matters worse, the wind picked up as well!!
I will be there bright and early.Sadly, the forecast does not look promising.
Last night we had the privilege of attending a concert by the Junior Band.
It is fair to say that they used to pale into comparison with the Symphonic Band. but not anymore. With a little reinforcement from senior musicians, they managed to produce a full, rich sound.
Check out my album of pictures in the sidebar to see just how young some of those musicians are and listen to my audio recording here.
Things can change of course. Some deviation in the path could spare us - fingers crossed!
My friend, Scout John, would have got an even better view from the roof of his house on Calle Holanda. The leaders appeared over the ridge at about 9:15 pm and were going at some pace. It was then well over 15 minutes later that the tail end Charlies started to appear.
Before the start of Holy Week, Bigastro stages a solemn procession around its darkened streets.
First in the procession is the statue of Jesus on the cross.
Following is the statue of Mary, with tears in her eyes, comforting her son.
The paso is borne on the shoulders of ladies dressed in blue robes.
Accompanying the procession are two drums which best out a steady mournful rhythm, a long horn which produces a doleful sound and a choir that sing at various points on the route.
Bigastro may not be able to rival nearby Orihuela with it many pasos and parades day and night during Holy Week but it still manages to capture the emotion of the occasion with its Via Crucis and the Encuentro.


text:
Deride (engl. für verspotten) ist eine norwegische Metal-Band.

Geschichte
Die Band wurde im Herbst 1995 gegründet vom Sänger Børre H. Michelsen, dem Gitarristen Ole Walaunet, dem Bassisten Johan Alme und dem Schlagzeuger Kjetil Greve gegründet. In den folgenden zwei Jahren spielte die Band zahlreiche Konzerte, darunter eines im Vorprogramm von Entombed. 1998 veröffentlichte die Band ihr selbst betiteltes Demo. Lieder davon wurde in verschiedenen norwegischen Radiostationen gespielt.

Ein Jahr später verließen Michelsen und Alme die Band. Erst Ende 1999 fand die Band mit "Frediablo" einen neuen Sänger. Mit ihm nahm die Band drei neuen Lieder auf, die der Band einen Vertrag mit dem US-amerikanischen Plattenlabel The Music Cartel einbrachte. Das Debütalbum Scars of Time wurde im Juni 2001 veröffentlicht. Ein Jahr später folgte das zweite Album First Round Knockout. Auf beiden Alben spielte Ole Walaunet den Bass ein.

Es folgte eine längere Auszeit. Sänger "Frediablo" und Ole Walaunet waren in den 2000er Jahren in der Band Grimfist aktiv, während Kjetil Greve in der Band Audrey Horne spielt. Anfang 2012 meldeten sich Deride mit den neuen Mitgliedern Per Helge Lande (Gesang) und Tony Vetaas (Bass) zurück. Die Band unterzeichnete einen Vertrag mit Massacre Records, die Ende April 2012 das dritte Studioalbum The Void veröffentlichen.

Diskografie
 1998: Deride (Demo)
 2001: Scars of Time
 2002: First Round Knockout
 2012: The Void

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
 Offizielle Website

Norwegische Band
Metal-Band


text:
\section{\protect\label{S_INT}Introduction}

The disordered discrete Gaussian model ({\sc ddg}) is related to the
$2D$ random phase Sine-Gordon model ({\sc rpsg}). The two models
belong to the same universality class, which includes different
physical systems: for example it is supposed to describe
crystalline surfaces growing upon a disordered
substrate \cite{ton}, as well as $2D$ randomly pinned arrays of flux
lines with the magnetic field parallel to the superconducting plane
\cite{hwa}.

The standard approach used to investigate this model is
renormalization group (RG) \cite{ton}-\cite{tsai}.  The application of
the Mezard-Parisi variational approximation \cite{MEZPAR} (originally
developed for models with continuous replica symmetry breaking) leads
to a one-step replica broken solution \cite{gia}, and because of that
it is problematic \cite{mar}: still the main features found in the
variational approach are very different from the ones found by using
the standard RG. The most evident difference is maybe in the behavior
one expects in the broken phase for the height-height correlation
function.

A considerable amount of work (see, for instance,
\cite{gia}-\cite{ll}) has been devoted to the subject.  Contrary to
some former claims the situation has been shown to be in agreement
with the existence of a broken super-rough phase, as implied by the RG
approach, by the numerical simulations of \cite{mar,ll}.

Recently very convincing further evidence for the system being
super-rough down to $T=0$ has been established in
references \cite{blas}-\cite{shapir_last}, by exact computations of the
ground state of finite volume samples of the {\sc ddg}.

In this letter we focus on the non-Gaussian behavior of the {\sc ddg} in
the broken phase.  We show that it persists on large length scales.
This is definitely not compatible with the predictions of the
variational theory\footnote{We remind again the reader that we are
here in the framework of a one step replica broken solution, and that
this kind of criticisms \cite{mar} does not apply to the variational
theory when describing a continuum breaking \cite{MEZPAR}.}.
On the contrary our data are well compatible with the behavior
suggested by RG computations.

Labeling with $ \{ d_i \} $ the integer valued dynamical variables
and by $ \{ \eta_i \} $ the quenched disorder, the Hamiltonian of the {\sc
ddg} model is

\begin{equation}
{\cal H}[\phi] \equiv \frac{\kappa}{2} \sum_{<ij>}
( \phi_i-\phi_j )^2 ,\hspace{1.5cm}
\phi_i \equiv d_i+ \eta_i  \ ,
\end{equation}
where the sum runs over first neighboring sites of a bidimensional lattice.
The model is related to the limit of coupling constant $\lambda
\rightarrow \infty$ of the {\sc rpsg}

\begin{equation}
{\cal H}[ \phi] \equiv \frac{\kappa}{2} \sum_{<ij>}
\left ( \phi_i-\phi_j \right )^2 - \lambda \sum_i \cos
\left ( 2 \pi (\phi_i - \eta_i) \right ) \ ,
\protect\label{E-HDISCR}
\end{equation}
where now ${ \phi_i}$ are the continuous dynamical variables.

The partition function is defined as

\begin{equation}
  Z_{\eta}\equiv \sum e^{-\beta {\cal H}}\ ,
\end{equation}
where $\beta=\frac{1}{T}$ is the inverse temperature of the problem.

A relevant observable quantity is the correlation function
defined by

\begin{equation}
C(r,T) \equiv \overline{ \langle ( \phi ( {\bf r_0} ) -
\phi ( {\bf r_0} + {\bf r} ))^2 \rangle }\ .
\end{equation}
In the high-$T$ phase thermal fluctuations make the quenched disorder
irrelevant. Both renormalization group and the variational theory
predict a Gaussian behavior with a logarithmic growth of the
height-height correlation function

\begin{equation}
C_{T > T_c}(r,T) \simeq \frac{T}{k \pi} \log r \ .
\end{equation}
The critical temperature is expected in both approaches to be
$T_c= \frac{\kappa}{ \pi}$.

The renormalization group approach find that for $T<T_c$ one has
a super-rough broken phase  characterized by

\begin{equation}
C^{\rm RG}_{T<T_c}(r,T) \simeq a \log r + b \log^2 r \ ,\hspace{1.5cm}
b=\frac{2}{\pi^2} \left ( \frac{T_c-T}{T_c} \right)^2 \ ,
\end{equation}
where $a$ is a non-universal coefficient.

On the other hand the Gaussian Ansatz of the variational
approximation hints for no $\log^2r$ contribution, and the broken phase
turns out to be
described by a one-step replica symmetry broken solution with

\begin{equation}
C^{\rm VAR}_{T<T_c}(r,T) \simeq \frac{T_c}{k \pi} \log r \ ,
\end{equation}
i.e. where the slope of the logarithmic term freezes at the critical point
$T_c$.

Let us recall in a few lines some of the main numerical results
relevant for the problem.  The authors of \cite{bat} studied {\sc
rpsg} without being able to detect any signature of the transition
when measuring static quantities, probably \cite{rie} because of the
small $\lambda$ value they used.  Indeed for such small values of the
coupling the difference from the pure case becomes sizable only on
very large length scales.  In \cite{cush} numerical estimates for the
correlation function $C(r)$ of the {\sc ddg} model were found to be
compatible with the picture expected from the variational theory.
Finally, evidence for the $(\log r)^{2}$ contribution to $C(r)$ in the
broken phase has been obtained in the case of the {\sc ddg} model
\cite{mar} and in that of {\sc rpsg} for different $\lambda$ values
\cite{ll}.

\section{\protect\label{S_ARES}The Binder Parameter}

In this note we will mainly discuss about the distribution function of
the height-height correlation functions at distance $r$. We define the
probability distribution

\begin{equation}
{\cal P} [ \Delta(r),T ] \equiv
\overline{ \langle  \delta \left [ \Delta ({\bf r}) - ( \phi ( {\bf r_0} ) -
\phi ( {\bf r_0} + {\bf r} ) )   \right ] \rangle }\ ,
\protect\label{E-PROBAB}
\end{equation}
where by $\langle\cdot\cdot\cdot\rangle $ we denote the thermal
average (and here also an average over different values of ${\bf r_0}$), and
by $\overline{\cdot\cdot\cdot}$ we denote the average over disorder.
For sake of computational simplicity in the following we will only
consider displacements ${\bf r}$ of the form $(r,0)$
or $(0,r)$.  The
second moment of ${\cal P}$ is the usual height-height correlation
function $C({\bf r})$, the focus of the investigation of \cite{mar,ll}.
Here we will try to use the knowledge of the full probability
distribution (\ref{E-PROBAB}) in order to gather more information
about the system.

To characterize the probability distribution we measure

\begin{equation}
D(r,T) \equiv 3 \left( \overline{ \langle \Delta^2 (r) \rangle } \right)^2 -
\overline{ \langle \Delta^4 (r) \rangle}\ ,
\end{equation}
that together with $C(r)$ allows us to define
the Binder cumulant of ${ \cal P}$:

\begin{equation}
B(r,T) \equiv \frac{1}{2} \left ( 3 - \frac{ \overline{ \langle \Delta^4 (r)
\rangle } }
{ ( \overline{ \langle \Delta^2 (r) \rangle } )^2 } \right ) \ .
\end{equation}
In the thermodynamic limit a value $B=0$ characterizes a Gaussian
behavior.

The work of \cite{mar} was based on the analysis of the Binder
parameter for $r=1$, that was providing evidence for a non Gaussian
behavior in the low-$T$ region.  We will try here to answer some
questions that are still open after \cite{mar}, looking at the long
distance behavior of correlation functions: that will allow us to
exhibit more evidence for a clear non-gaussian behavior. A purely
Gaussian behavior could indeed be hidden for small $r$ by short
distance effects, and manifest itself only in the large $r$ region.
Analyzing $B(r)$ in the large $r$ region would make this effect clear.

In order to understand what to expect for $B$ we will use
renormalization group (replica symmetric, to start with).  We will
mainly follow the approach described by Bernard in his Les Houches
lecture notes \cite{ber}. In the field theoretical RG approach we
start from the continuum version of (\ref{E-HDISCR}) by writing

\begin{equation}
  S = \int \frac{{\rm d}^{2}x}{4\pi}
  \left(
    \frac{\kappa}{2}
    \left(
      \partial_\mu\Phi(x)
    \right)^2
    -\lambda \cos
    \left(
      \Phi(x)-d(x)
    \right)
  \right)\ ,
  \protect\label{E-HCONTI}
\end{equation}
where the $\Phi(x)$ are the basic fields of the theory, and the $d(x)$
are the quenched random field which make the system disordered.
Universality is used to argue that these different systems exhibit
the same critical behavior.  Following Bernard renormalization calls
for a generalization of this model: one introduces, in addition to the
random phases, a random potential.  If one would not do that at the
start the random potential would in any case be generated by
renormalization. So one writes

\begin{equation}
  S = \int \frac{{\rm d}^{2}x}{4\pi}
  \left(
    \frac{\kappa}{2}
    \left(
      \partial_\mu\Phi(x)
    \right)^2
    - A_\mu(x) \partial_\mu \Phi(x)
    -\xi(x)e^{i\Phi(x)}
    -\xi^{*}(x)e^{-i\Phi(x)}
  \right)\ ,
  \protect\label{E-HMODIF}
\end{equation}
where the quenched fields $\xi$ are distributed according to

\begin{equation}
  P[\xi] = e^{-\frac{1}{2\sigma}\int
  \frac{{\rm d}^{2}x}{4\pi}\xi\xi^{*}}\ ,
\end{equation}
and the field $A_\mu$ can be written, by noticing that the rotational
part decouples, as $A_\mu(x)\equiv\partial_\mu\Lambda(x)$, and it is
distributed as

\begin{equation}
  P[A_\mu] = e^{-\frac{1}{2g}\int
  \frac{{\rm d}^{2}x}{4\pi}\left(\partial_\mu\Lambda\right)^2}\ .
\end{equation}
A $U(1)$ symmetry guarantees to the model some remarkable properties.
For example the $g$-dependence of the correlation functions of the
vertex operator $e^{i\alpha\Phi}$ can be factorized.

Now one has to play the usual replica trick (at this stage with exact
replica symmetry by definition). One writes an effective action for
$n$ replica's of the system, and takes the $n\to 0$ limit. The
$\beta$ functions of the model (for the running of $\kappa$, $g$ and
$\sigma$) turn out to be

\begin{eqnarray}
    \nonumber
	\beta_\sigma & = & 2x\sigma-2\sigma^2+ \ldots\ ,
	\label{A-BETUNO}  \\
    \nonumber
	\beta_g & = & \frac{\sigma^2}{2} + \ldots \ ,
	\label{A-BETDUE}  \\
	\beta_\kappa & = & 0\ ,
	\label{A-BETTRE}
\end{eqnarray}
where we have defined $x\equiv\frac{\kappa-\kappa_c}{\kappa}$, and
$\kappa$ is not renormalized. So in the low $T$
phase, for $\kappa>\kappa_c$, it exists a non trivial infrared fixed
point at $\sigma_*$, with

\begin{equation}
  \sigma_* = x + \ldots \mbox{ for } x \ll 1\ .
\end{equation}
At $\sigma_*$ we have $\beta_g=\frac{x^2}{2}$, i.e. $g$ still flows
(see Bernard \cite{ber} for the characterization of such a {\em run
away fixed point}).

We are interested in RG predictions for correlation functions. At the
infrared fixed point one finds that

\begin{equation}
  G(r)
  \equiv
  \overline{ \langle
  e^{ i \alpha ( \phi ( {\bf r} ) - \phi ({\bf 0})) }
  \rangle_{*} }
  = r^{-2\gamma_{*}}
  e^{ -\frac{ \alpha^2  \beta_{g*}}{2 \kappa^2} (\log r)^2} \ ,
\end{equation}
where $\gamma_*$ is the anomalous dimension at the fixed point,
$\gamma_*=\frac{\alpha^2}{\kappa}\rho_*+O(\alpha^4)$, and
$\rho_*=1+O(x)$.  We have already noticed that $\beta_{g*} =
\frac{x^2}{2}$ (and it gives the large distance $(\log r)^{2}$
behavior of the correlation function).

By expanding $G$ in powers of $\alpha$ one finds that at all orders in
perturbation theory (in the replica symmetric renormalization group
approach)

\begin{equation}
\overline{ \langle (\Phi(r) - \Phi(0))^2 \rangle }=
\frac{4 \rho_*}{\kappa} \log r + \frac{\beta_{g*}}{\kappa^2}
(\log r)^2 \ ,
\end{equation}
and for small $x$

\begin{equation}
\overline{ \langle (\Phi(r) - \Phi(0))^2 \rangle }=
\frac{4}{\kappa} \log r + \frac{x^2}{2\kappa^2}
(\log r)^2 \ .
\end{equation}

In the same way for the  four point correlation function we find that

\begin{equation}
  \overline{ \langle ( \Phi (  r ) - \Phi (  0 ))^4 \rangle }=
  3 \left (
  \frac{4 \rho_*}{\kappa} \log r + \frac{\beta_{*g}}{\kappa^2}(\log r)^2
  \right )^2
  - 48 d_* \log r \ ,
\end{equation}
where we have defined $d_*$ the unknown coefficient of the $\alpha^4$
contribution to the anomalous dimension $\gamma_*$, which we expect to
depend from the temperature and that could even be zero.
That means that in the RG approach we find that

\begin{equation}
  D^{\rm RG}_{T<T_c}(r,T) = 48 d_* \log r \ ,
\label{drg}
\end{equation}
where $D^{\rm RG}_{T<T_c}$ does not depend on $\beta^{*}_g$, and

\begin{equation}
  B^{\rm RG}_{T<T_c}(r,T) = \frac {24 d_* \log r}{
  ( \frac{4 \rho_*}{\kappa} \log r +
  \frac{ \beta_{g*}}{\kappa^2}(\log r)^2  )^2}
  \simeq_{r \gg 1} \frac{24 d_* \kappa^2}
  {\beta^{*}_g \log^3 r}\  .
  \label{brg}
\end{equation}
So, if $d_*\ne 0$, $D(r)$ grows logarithmically with $r$.  On the other
hand according to the renormalization group picture $\lim_{r
\rightarrow \infty} B(r) = 0 \simeq (\log r)^{-3}$. These are the
theoretical predictions we use to interpret our numerical findings.

As a last remark we want to notice that by studying a large $N$
version of the Random Phase Sine Gordon model,
Bernard and Bauer \cite{bb}
found $\beta_{g*}$ to be $O\left(\frac{1}{N^3}\right)$.  This means
that there is no $(\log r)^2$ contribution to the height-height
correlation function in the $N \rightarrow \infty$ limit in which the
Gaussian Ansatz of the variational approach, corresponding to the
leading order in a $\frac{1}{N}$ expansion, is expected to be exact.

\section{\protect\label{S_NRES}Numerical Results}

We have obtained our numerical data from simulations done on the
Ape-100 computer \cite{ape}.  We have used square lattices of linear
size $L=64$ and $L=128$, with periodic boundary conditions.  We have
fixed the surface tension $\kappa$ to $2$.  We have chosen the
quenched random variables $\{ \eta_i \}$ uniformly in the range $( -
\frac{1}{2}, + \frac{1}{2} ]$.

We have simulated in parallel a total of $256$ different realizations
of the quenched substrate, and two uncoupled replicas for each sample.
We have used a simple Monte Carlo local dynamics, by proposing to
update in turn the $\{d_i\}$ by an increment of $\pm 1$.  We have used
an annealing scheme, in which we have visited in turn decreasing
values of the temperature $T$ ($T=1.0$, $0.95$, $0.90$, $\dots$,
$0.40$ for $L=64$ and $T=0.90$, $0.80$, $0.70$, $0.65$, $0.60$,
$0.45$, $0.35$ for $L=128$).  At each $T$ values the thermalization
sweeps were $0.5$ million for $L=64$ and $0.7$ million for $L=128$
(for further details see \cite{mar}).

We show in figure (1) $B(r)$ as a function of $T$ for different $r \ge
4$ values.  We plot the data obtained on the smaller lattice, $L=64$,
since here we had a larger number of $T$ values, but the behavior at
$L=128$ is very similar.  When comparing $L=64$ and $L=128$ in the
statistical precision of our runs there is no size dependence for
$r\le 20$.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
  \begin{center}
    \leavevmode
    \epsfysize=250pt\epsffile{fig1.ps}
  \end{center}
  \protect\caption[0]{The Binder parameter as a
    function of $T$ at different $r \ge 4$
    values. $L=64$. Lines are only meant to join neighboring points. Triangles
    ($r=4$), squares ($r=5$), pentagons ($r=6$), hexagons ($r=7$), etc.}
  \protect\label{fig:1}
\end{figure}

Deviations of $B(r)$ from the Gaussian behavior at small distance
become evident even for $T \le 0.85$.  The breakdown of the curves
(for higher $r$ values) in figure (1) is on the contrary compatible with
the theoretical prediction $T_c=\frac{2}{\pi}$. When looking at
finite distances one finds a crossover (that does not correspond to a
true critical behavior) for $T>T_c$ \cite{ll}. Only measuring on
large lattices real long distance properties one recovers the correct
critical point, which turns out to coincide with good precision with
the theoretical predictions.

So, at lower $T$ values the Binder parameter stays non-zero on larger
length scales. What is even more important is the breaking of the
slope of $B$ versus $T$ (see figure (1)). From our data we can say
that for $T<0.65$ the system is surely in its broken phase.

In figure (2) we plot $B(r)$ as a function of $r$ for $T=0.45$ and
$L=128$. Here the fast decay at short distance and the slow decay for
large $r$ is very clear.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
  \begin{center}
    \leavevmode
    \epsfysize=250pt\epsffile{fig2.ps}
  \end{center}
  \protect\caption[0]{$B$ as a function of $r$ for $T=0.45$ and $L=128$.}
  \protect\label{fig:2}
\end{figure}

The data shown in figure (2) are qualitatively in very good agreement
with the prediction of (\ref{brg}), with a non zero value of $d_*$.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
  \begin{center}
    \leavevmode
    \epsfysize=250pt\epsffile{fig3.ps}
  \end{center}
  \protect\caption[0]{$D$ as a function of $r$ at $T=0.40$
     ($\triangle$) and $T=1.0$ ($\Box$) for $L=64$.}
  \protect\label{fig:3}
\end{figure}

We show in figure (3) $D(r)$ as a function of $r$ for $L=64$ at the
highest temperature we have considered ($T=1.0$) and at the lowest one
($T=0.4$).  That makes clear the difference between the high-$T$
region, where $D(r)$ is extremely small even at short distances and
when increasing $r$ becomes soon compatible with zero, and the broken
phase where it is definitely non-zero and shows an evident
increasing behavior.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
  \begin{center}
    \leavevmode
    \epsfysize=250pt\epsffile{fig4.ps}
  \end{center}
  \protect\caption[0]{$D$ as a function of $r$ for $T=0.45$, $L=128$.
  The line is our best fit to the behavior $D(r)= c_1 P(r)+ c_2$ by using
  data with $3 \leq r \leq 45$.}
  \protect\label{fig:4}
\end{figure}

The fact that in the broken phase $D$ increases with $r$ is clear from
figure (4), where $D(r)$ is plotted as a function of $r$ for $T=0.45$,
$L=128$.  That clearly shows that the non-Gaussian behavior
of the model in the broken phase is not a short-distances effect.

We have tried a quantitative analysis of the behavior of $D(r)$,
at a temperature
well below the critical point. Following \cite{mar,ll}, we use in the
fit the lattice Gaussian propagator

\begin{equation}
P(r) \equiv \frac{1}{2L^2}\sum_{n_1=1}^{L-1} \sum_{n_2=0}^{L-1}
\frac{1-\cos \left( \frac{2 \pi r n_1}{L} \right )}
{2-\cos \left( \frac{2 \pi n_1}{L} \right )-
\cos \left( \frac{2 \pi n_2}{L} \right )} \simeq_{L \gg 1}
\frac{1}{2 \pi} \left [ \log r + \gamma \log ( 2 \sqrt{2} ) \right ]\  ,
\end{equation}
which enables us to keep finite size effects under control.  The data
are very well fitted by the expected behavior $D= c_1 P(r)+c_2$.
Unfortunately errors grow quickly with $r$ and data for $r\ge 40$
basically do not influence the fit.

In figure (4) we show our best fit obtained by using data with $ 3 \leq
r \leq 45$ (disregarding ten more points at short distance does not
change the results):

\begin{equation}
  10^4 D=(114 \pm 3)P(r) + (36 \pm 3) \ ,
\end{equation}
where errors have been evaluated by using the jack-knife method.  The
value of the residual $\chi^{2}$ (per degree of freedom) is very good,
close to $0.2$ (but since the data points are very correlated the
number does not have necessarily a deep meaning).  The agreement with
the renormalization group prediction (see equation (\ref{drg})) is
very good.  Our best numerical estimate for $d_*$ is $\pi c_1 /24$.

\section{\protect\label{S_CON}Conclusions}

Our main conclusion is that the discrete Gaussian model for surfaces
with a disordered substrate in the low-$T$ region is non-Gaussian on
large length scales. Such an evidence was needed to exclude the
possibility of a short distance effect that could disappear in the
asymptotic long distance regime.

The picture which emerges from our analysis is therefore incompatible
with the Gaussian variational Ansatz, calling for the broken phase
being super-rough. Finally, our data give numerical evidence for $d_*$
being non-zero, the behavior of $D(r)$ at low temperatures resulting
in good agreement with the logarithmic growth expected from the
renormalization group approach.

\section*{\protect\label{S_ACKNOWLEDGES}Acknowledgments}

We acknowledge useful discussions with Heiko Rieger, David Lancaster
and Giorgio Parisi.  J. J. Ruiz-Lorenzo is supported by an EC
HMC(ERBFMBICT950429) grant.

\newpage

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Nenad Popovic
economist educator politician writer
June 17, 1909 (age 87)
Mitrovica, Serbia
Popovic started a career as a banker and banking writer during the period of political turmoil between the world wars. First, he worked as a research assistant at the National Bank of Yugoslavia (now National Bank of Serbia) from 1930 till 1937. For the next 3 years, he held the same position at Chartered Agrarian Bank. During the World War II, Popovic spent most of the time as a German prisoner, only to be shunned by the Communists because of his bourgeois upbringing. So, from 1945 till 1946, he served as a director of Yugoslav War Reparation Board. In 1946 Popovic began four years as vice president of the State Planning Commission of Serbia. In the 1950s he held executive positions at the International Monetary Fund and the National Bank of Yugoslavia. His work with the Yugoslav Ministry of Foreign Affairs began in 1955, followed by a stint as assistant secretary of state with the Yugoslav Ministry of Foreign Trade. He returned to Foreign Affairs before his defection. Once in the United States, he joined the faculty at Syracuse University, where he taught comparative classes on socialist and western economies. He became professor emeritus in 1975 but continued to teach until the mid-1980s.
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Other photo of Nenad Popovic
Yugoslavia; the new class in crisis
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0006BVV2E/?tag=2022091-20
Hendrikus Witteveen
Carmen M. Reinhart
Ronald Keller
Keith Francis Palmer
David Romer
Nenad Dusan Popovic Edit Profile
Nenad Popovic was a Serbia-born American leading economic expert who defected in 1961 to teach and write in exile at Syracuse University.
Nenad Dusan Popovic born on June 17, 1909, in Srem Mitrovica, Serbia, then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Nenad was the youngest of nine children born to Serbian Orthodox landowners. During World War I the Popovic family was evacuated to Vukovar by the Austro-Hungarian army, which was then at war with Serbia.
Nenad attended Belgrade University, graduating with a law degree in 1932.
Popovic started a career as a banker and banking writer during the period of political turmoil between the world wars. First, he worked as a research assistant at the National Bank of Yugoslavia (now National Bank of Serbia) from 1930 till 1937. For the next 3 years, he held the same position at Chartered Agrarian Bank.
During the World War II, Popovic spent most of the time as a German prisoner, only to be shunned by the Communists because of his bourgeois upbringing. So, from 1945 till 1946, he served as a director of Yugoslav War Reparation Board.
In 1946 Popovic began four years as vice president of the State Planning Commission of Serbia. In the 1950s he held executive positions at the International Monetary Fund and the National Bank of Yugoslavia. His work with the Yugoslav Ministry of Foreign Affairs began in 1955, followed by a stint as assistant secretary of state with the Yugoslav Ministry of Foreign Trade. He returned to Foreign Affairs before his defection. Once in the United States, he joined the faculty at Syracuse University, where he taught comparative classes on socialist and western economies. He became professor emeritus in 1975 but continued to teach until the mid-1980s.
Popovic was highly regarded as an economist in Yugoslavia, serving as the plenipotentiary minister of foreign affairs under Marshal Josip Broz Tito's government, when he defected to the United States in the early 1960s.
He was also known as the author of books such as Istina o Abisiniji (under the pseudonym Spectator) and Yugoslavia: The New Class in Crisis. He translated books of the authors Louis Bromfield and Somerset Maugham into his native language as well.
Popovic was also instrumental in establishing the International Development Agency and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
Yugoslavia; the new class in crisis 1968
Popovic joined the Communist Party, sub rosa, but was banished from it after the World War II.
Popovic was survived by his wife of 48 years, Tatyana; two daughters, Gina Goldhammer and Sanya Popovic-Bogdanich, both of Manhattan, and a grandson.
Dushan L. Popovic
Angelina S. (Yovanovic) Popovic
Gina Popovic
Sanya Popovic
Tatyana V. Popovic
February 25, 1997 (aged 87)
Serbian American
Serb
Belgrade University , Bachelor of Laws
Research assistant , National Bank of Serbia
Research assistant , Chartered Agrarian Bank
director , Yugoslav War Reparation Board
vice-president , State Planning Commission of Serbia
executive director , International Monetary Fund
vice governor , National Bank of Serbia
plenipotentiary minister , Yugoslav Ministry of Foreign Affairs
assistant state secretary , Yugoslav Ministry of Foreign Trade
professor , Syracuse University


Martha Artz-Cain is the President of Hearing Aid Service and has been licensed in Virginia since 1980. She is Board Certified in Hearing Instrument Sciences and is a member of the International Hearing Society.
This provider participates in the following insurance and discount plans: AMAC, Summit Township, Perkspot, Highmark Employee Discount , Pruitt Medicare, HealthPass, Jordan Furniture, Hearing Care Solutions, OCCM, MCAS, Homelink, Harmony Hearing, Lake Medical Imaging, Plumber and Pipefitter 295, Heavy and Highway, Care and Save Discount Prg, Federal Employee Program, Northwood, Plumber and Pipefitter 803, Advanced Hearing Providers, AARP-HearUSA, PEHP, Senior Provider Network, Prime Health, TruHearing, CAP, Unified Hearing, Metra, Steamfitters Local 449, AAA, Union Reporter, LECOM and Paragon Home Resources.
Nancy Rinker has been an audiologist since 1978. She holds a Virginia license and is certified by the American Speech, Language and Hearing Association.
This provider is licensed in Virginia (#2201000121, #2101001817).
This provider participates in the following insurance and discount plans: CAP, Highmark Employee Discount , Metra, Unified Hearing, Plumber and Pipefitter 803, AARP-HearUSA, Union Reporter, LECOM, Northwood, Paragon Home Resources, Charter Twp, Federal Employee Program, MCAS, Pruitt Medicare, Macomb County, OCCM, PEHP, Hearing Care Solutions, Perkspot, Advanced Hearing Providers, AAA, Steamfitters Local 449, Care and Save Discount Prg, Harmony Hearing, Lake Medical Imaging, Heavy and Highway, TruHearing, BCBS of Michigan, NEI, Jordan Furniture, AMAC, Prime Health, Homelink, Senior Provider Network, Summit Township, UAW, HealthPass and Plumber and Pipefitter 295.
Travis King is a Virginia licensed Hearing Instrument Specialist and has been with Hearing Aid Services since 2008.
This provider is licensed in Virginia (#2101001816).
This provider participates in the following insurance and discount plans: Northwood, Harmony Hearing, Lake Medical Imaging, PEHP, AAA, Advanced Hearing Providers, Federal Employee Program, Steamfitters Local 449, Jordan Furniture, OCCM, Homelink, Unified Hearing, CAP, AARP-HearUSA, Union Reporter, LECOM, TruHearing, Summit Township, AMAC, Plumber and Pipefitter 295, HealthPass, Metra, MCAS, Highmark Employee Discount , Pruitt Medicare, Perkspot, Hearing Care Solutions, Care and Save Discount Prg, Prime Health, Plumber and Pipefitter 803, Senior Provider Network, Heavy and Highway and Paragon Home Resources.
Read 34 verified patient reviews for Hearing Aid Services Inc - Winchester! Their average review score is 4.94 () from 34 reviews.
Hearing Aids Service is family owned and operated since 1969. We offer expert hearing care services to patients of all ages. Our highly experienced clinical professionals provide testing, evaluations and offer the most advanced hearing devices that are available. We can help you make the best choices with all of your hearing needs and we strive to ensure a better quality of life through better hearing for all of our patients.