EUCOM was established in 2002, in response to the needs and challenges that fast-growing companies trying to integrate into the globalized business environment were facing. We are one of the largest providers of language courses in Romania.
On every occasion we enthusiastically fullfil our mission of being a "bridge to the world" for any company willing to perform in a global business environment. While equipping our trainees with the desired linguistic abilities, we also provide translation and interpreting services in order to attain any international project, regardless of the industry.
We have had the pleasure to work with clients from different industries such as banking, IT, automotive, pharmaceutical, retail and medical.
Therefore, if we were to describe our mission and activity in a few keywords, these would be: analysis, customisation, dedication, flexibility, passion, innovation and success.
We pride ourselves in delivering over 150,000 hours of tutoring annually, having had approximately 10,000 participants from 90 different companies in the last year alone.
To design and provide foreign language courses in accordance with adult students' learning habits.
To suit the requirements of an increasingly demanding environment through constant flexibility, adaptability and customization, in order to meet the objectives of our clients.
To promote the benefits of multilingualism in communication, culture and mindset.
We use over 200 textbooks, and our courses have been customised, depending on industry specifics and trainees'objectives.
Our online management platform helps track the progress of our trainee by providing access to attendance sheets, evaluations of each participant, reports and other relevant information.
To acquire the necessary terminology and ability specific to any industry, we have developed interactive teaching methods.
We have the most extensive network of instructors – 216 at national level. 23 of these trainers are native speakers.
Courses can be organised anywhere in Romania, both face to face, individually or in groups, and online.
A thorough evaluation – written/ online and oral examination completed in less than 1 hour.
Our team includes 200+ specialists who operate in all corners of Romania and have vast experience in using foreign languages.
Most of our trainers are or have been active in the business environment; therefore their discussions with the course participants will be relevant and useful.
We rely on a support group made up of professionals with experience in Knowledge Management, who train and monitor our trainers permanently.
Constantly identifies and assesses his/her trainees' foreign language abilities, thus being able to adapt the curriculum from session to session (for example, if the trainees must draft a sales proposal in the language they study, the trainer can customise the content of a lesson in order to assist the students).
Plans activities by gradually increasing difficulty thus aiming to engage all trainees.
Encourages the trainees to be proactive, especially since one of the main aims is to ensure that trainees become more assertive and confidently use a foreign language.
Monitors the progress of every person or group, through customised feedback.
Eucom Consultants are specialised in organising programs for our clients.
We often refer to them as Eucom designers, as they are the ones who customise courses for our trainees, ensuring that your company is offered a tailor-made course.
Our aim is to place our training programs in the right context, so that they reflect the interests and needs of our trainees, this is why every project is a new challenge.
Our assessors are specialists in foreign languages and are recommended by their expertise in all business sectors.
Our team currently includes over 30 assessors and has carried out over 4,500 assessments in 2015 alone.
Our assessors actively take part in face to face or telephone assessments with built-in feedback reported back to the Client Company.
Our assessors also review the results of the online tests, aggregating them with the oral examinations results in order to obtain a score for each candidate or group assessed.
InterpreterS are in the forefront of multilingualism, transmitting spoken word in real time.
They are quick to understand the message a person wants to convey and accurately translate this information into another language; they become indispensable for business meetings or press conferences.
Eucom interpreters help bridge the gap between cultures, encouraging communication and facilitating dialogue; they sometimes play a decisive role in the process.
Eucom translators are in full command of their mother tongue and perfectly understand the foreign language they translate to/from.
They studied foreign languages and possess international accreditation that allow them to perform in this field.
They have excellent competences in project management, using specialized translation tools according to the industry register and terminology specific to the companies' activities.
In order for a translation to be of the highest level, our translators take into account the cultural differences and writing contexts, they interpret meanings and faithfully render any subtleties of the original text.
Join our team! We currently have open positions for Language Assessment Officer in Bucharest, but also English, French and German Trainers in Bucharest, Cluj and Timisoara. You may read the descriptions below and then let us have your application! We look forward to getting to know you!
What will you do within Eucom?
What would give you an edge?


text:
package cass.pure.ioc.handlers;

import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import cass.pure.ioc.handlers.EmptyHandler;

public class SetterHandlerChain {
	private Set<SetterAnnotationHandler> set;
	private SetterAnnotationHandler current=null;
	public SetterHandlerChain(Set<SetterAnnotationHandler> handlers, Set<Annotation> anns){
		set=new HashSet<SetterAnnotationHandler>();
		for(SetterAnnotationHandler ah:handlers){
			if(ah.canHandle(anns)){
				set.add(ah);
			}
		}
	}
	public SetterAnnotationHandler next(){
		if(current==null){
			SetterAnnotationHandler ret=EmptyHandler.getInstance();
			for(SetterAnnotationHandler ah : set){
				if(ah.priority()<ret.priority()){
					ret=ah;
				}
			}
			current=ret;
			return ret;
		}
		SetterAnnotationHandler ret=EmptyHandler.getInstance();
		for(SetterAnnotationHandler ah : set){
			if(ah.priority()<ret.priority() && ah.priority()>current.priority()){
				ret=ah;
			}
		}
		current=ret;
		return ret;
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Conditional Display Rails I'm trying to display a delete button only if the current user is the "host" but the button is hidden even if the user id for the host matches the user id for the guest
<%= link_to "X" , "/songs?name=#{s.name}&party_profile_id=#{s.party_profile_id}&commit=X", :remote => true, :class => "btn btn-inverse btn-small refreshbutton", :style => "display:none" unless @current_user.id == @party_profile.host %>

Am I using the wrong syntax? Is there a better way to conditionally display items?

A: You could switch to only render it, rather than toggling the css class (unless your application would need to toggle it client side for some reason).
<% if @current_user.id == @party_profile.host %>
    <%= link_to "X" , "/songs?name=#{s.name}&party_profile_id=#{s.party_profile_id}&commit=X", :remote => true %>
<% end %>

A: Your condition would apply to the link itself, not the style attribute.
Do this instead:
<%= link_to "X" , "/songs?name=#{s.name}&party_profile_id=#{s.party_profile_id}&commit=X", :remote => true, :class => "btn btn-inverse btn-small refreshbutton", :style => "#{'display:none;' unless @current_user.id == @party_profile.host}"  %>

A: shouldn't it be
if @current_user.id == @party_profile.host ?
Edit:
you don't need to set the style to display none.  The if statement will handle whether it is rendered in the view.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Employee blasts board for failing to report 'rape by colleague' despite claiming it did
Jan Cruickshank has learned that CITB and Police Scotland has no record of a report being made.
Marcello Mega
Jan Cruickshank waved her anonymity to tell her story (Image: Daily Record)
The organisation that trains Britain's builders failed to report the alleged rape of a female employee by a colleague, despite claiming it had done so.
The Construction Industry Training Board told the Record a year ago that it "immediately" reported any allegation of rape to the police – and said it had done so "with this case".
But Jan Cruickshank, the alleged victim who waived her anonymity to tell her story last year, has learned that neither CITB nor Police Scotland has any record of such a report being made.
Jan said yesterday: "This organisation says it champions getting women into the industry and treats them as equals. That was not my experience when a colleague sexually harassed me and eventually violated me.
Jan Cruickshank claims she was violated and sexually harassed (Image: Daily Record)
Scots mum sent home with painkillers after 'cancer missed' dies days before Christmas
"It does not surprise me to learn CITB did not follow its own procedure and did not report the allegation of rape to police while claiming it had done so but it does sicken me."
Last December, Jan revealed that she had been called a liar by her bosses, despite one manager admitting that he had been made aware that Jan was receiving unwanted attention from her colleague.
She has copies of statements from four former colleagues confirming this. Despite that support, she was fired from a job she loved after being told by a senior female colleague that sometimes women had to say "no" more than once.
The male employee, who sent Jan a photo of his penis and a message seen by Jan's husband asking if she fancied a f***, was supported by CITB managers.
He claimed they had been having an affair for three years and that Jan had taken it badly when he broke it off. No evidence to support his claim has emerged, yet CITB merely disciplined him and sacked Jan.
She took the body to an employment tribunal. But as the hearing approached, CITB offered her £15,000 to settle, demanding a gagging clause.
CITB eventually paid a sum that left Jan with £50,000 after tax and dropped all conditions after she refused to sign any clauses.
Jan reported the alleged rape to the police herself. Officers interviewed her ex-colleague but told her he had given a "no-comment interview", and without corroboration could not be charged.
The indecent image sent to her mobile was reported to the Crown, but it decided it was
not in the public interest to prosecute him.
Despite the absence of criminal charges, Jan was awarded a four-figure sum from the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority, which accepted she had been the victim of a sexual assault.
Jan made a request to both Police Scotland and CITB under data protection rules for information held about her.
She learned that police had no record of CITB reporting her allegation of rape, and CITB failed to find any evidence of having done so.
Jan learned via documents produced by Police Scotland that CITB sent police an email that stated: "Two parties were disciplined for exchanging a significant number of calls and some inappropriate images."
Thousands of rape victims left without vital help as services in Scotland are so stretched
She said: "I never had a consensual relationship or exchanged indecent images. I only received them, so I believe CITB influenced the police to discredit me."
Jan was also perplexed to learn that both her own and her former colleague's mobile phones had been disposed of by CITB. She believes they would have held evidence that would have supported her account.
She said: "CITB did everything to discredit and silence me to protect its reputation.
"The system is unfairly stacked against anyone reporting harassment, because companies with unlimited funding can pay to make the problem go away with no accountability."
Adrian Beckingham, CITB corporate performance director, said: "At the time that CITB issued its statement in response to your previous inquiry, there was a genuinely held belief that personnel had reported the allegations to Police Scotland.
"While this belief remains, due to the passage of time and change in personnel, it has not been possible to verify but CITB did co-operate in relation to the police inquiry.
"It is not appropriate for CITB to comment further."
Police Scotland said it could not add to the information already provided to Jan.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Diesel ups the ante on your casual looks with these new-season Sleenker jeans. The slim-fit denims have been crafted in a tapered finish, ensuring a slick silhouette, while the distressed detail at the knees gives you extra street credentials this season.
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Buenos Aires: US President Donald Trump headed to Argentina Thursday for a fractious weekend of G20 summitry, cancelling planned talks with Russia's leader and boasting that his trade war with China was paying off.
Rumblings of resistance to Trump's isolationist agenda were apparent as French President Emmanuel Macron said he would convene his fellow European leaders in Buenos Aires to forge a united front on "all the challenges" faced at the G20.
Trump called off Saturday's bilateral with President Vladimir Putin at the G20, minutes after saying it would "probably" still happen despite Russia's seizure of three Ukrainian ships.
"I look forward to a meaningful Summit again as soon as this situation is resolved!" Trump tweeted, calling on Russia to return the ships and their detained crews.
The cancellation coincided with a new eruption in the controversy over Russian meddling in the 2016 US presidential election — an issue that also flared up when the pair held their only summit to date, in Finland in July.
Trump again ridiculed the investigation into the allegations and accused his former lawyer Michael Cohen of lying, after Cohen pled guilty to misleading Congress.
In Moscow, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov reacted frostily to Trump's cancellation, saying it would free up Putin to hold other "useful meetings" at the G20.
Ukraine's government hoped to embarrass Putin at the G20 by erecting a giant billboard outside the meeting, depicting a bleeding Kerch strait off Crimea where Russia captured the ships.
But an Argentine advertising company refused to erect the poster, Emine Dzhaparova, Ukraine's deputy information minister, said in Buenos Aires.
While the Putin meeting now appears off, Trump is still slated to sit down with various leaders on the G20 margins including German Chancellor Angela Merkel, one of his firmest foreign critics.
However, Merkel's plans were disrupted by technical troubles that forced her official plane to make an emergency landing in Germany, and a spokeswoman told AFP that she would miss Friday's opening of the summit.
Topping the billing is a working dinner with Chinese President Xi Jinping, when Trump will press for wholesale reform of the world's second-biggest economy in favor of access for US companies.
After heaping huge tariffs on Chinese goods, and threatening more to come in January, Trump said a ceasefire in the trade war was "very close" — but cast doubt on whether he even wanted one.
"I think China wants to make a deal. I am open to making a deal but frankly I like the deal that we have right now," the president said.
However, economists and critics of the president's trade policies point out duties are paid by importers and thus constitute a tax on US industry and consumers that is not paid by China.
But foreign firms in China complain that such promises are all too routine, and analysts doubt that Trump and Xi's dinner will serve up much beyond a commitment to negotiate further.
Trump's tough talking set the stage for a contentious gathering in Argentina with the tensions over Ukraine and trade deepening fissures carved open by the US president on climate change — an issue that nearly torpedoed last year's G20 hosted by Merkel.
It is likely to be to the fore of the meeting of European leaders called by Macron, along with demands to resist the trade protectionism now stalking the world economy 10 years after the first G20 summit was held in the throes of financial crisis.
"If we do not show concrete progress, our international meetings become useless and even counterproductive," he said.
But Trump has repeatedly shown his disdain for international summitry by blocking final communiques at other recent gatherings such as the G7 and the Asia-Pacific bloc APEC.
G20 sources said climate change was emerging as the biggest stumbling block to agreement on a communique in Buenos Aires.
US opposition to collective action stands in defiance of scientists' increasingly urgent warnings that the planetary threat needs policy redress now.


text:
\section{Introduction}
The detection of electron and nuclear spins is an important open frontier in scanning force microscopy. The demonstration of single electron spin detection in 2004 already hinted at the capabilities of nanomechanical resonators as force sensors~\cite{Rugar_2004}. The measurement apparatus used in that experiment, however, required an integration time of 13 hours per point, which is unpractical for applications.

One goal of the community is to improve scanning force microscopy to a point where electron spin states can be detected within their coherence time or lifetime, establishing strong spin-mechanics coupling~\cite{Rabl_2009} and enabling scanning instruments to address spin quantum memories~\cite{rabl2010quantum}. A second long-term vision is force-detected nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging (NanoMRI). In this application, nuclear spins are detected over distances of tens of nanometers to form a three-dimensional image of complex molecules and other nanoscale objects~\cite{Degen_2009,Nichol_2013,Grob_2019}. Once the spatial resolution approaches the atomic scale, NanoMRI can become an important tool for structural biology.

Strong spin-mechanics coupling and NanoMRI both require nanomechanical sensors with the capability to detect zeptonewton forces within seconds, translating into a force sensitivity below \SI{1}{\atto\newton\per\hertz}. Such a sensitivity is difficult to achieve. The main obstacle to overcome is usually the thermomechanical force noise, which has a single-sided power spectral density (PSD) of $S_\mathrm{th} = 4 k_\mathrm{B} T \gamma$, where $k_\mathrm{B}$ is Boltzmann's constant, $T$ is the sensor temperature, and $\gamma = m \omega_0/Q$ is the damping coefficient defined by the effective resonator mass $m$, the resonance frequency $f_0 = \omega_0/2\pi$, and the quality factor $Q$. The spin signal to be detected is in direct competition with the displacement fluctuations $S_\mathrm{x}$ generated by this force noise, which has a frequency-dependent PSD of $S_\mathrm{x}(\omega/2\pi)=S_\mathrm{th}\chi^2(\omega/2\pi)$ with the resonator susceptibility
\begin{align}
    \chi^2(\omega/2\pi) = \frac{1}{m^2}\times \frac{1}{(\omega^2-\omega_0^2)^2 + \omega_0^2\omega^2/Q^2}\,.
\end{align}

The most widely used strategy to reduce the force noise (at a given temperature) is to reduce the resonator mass and resonance frequency, resulting in long and thin geometries. Following this approach, researchers explored top-down fabricated pendulum-style cantilevers~\cite{Mamin_2001, Tao_2014,Heritier_2018} as well as bottom-up-grown devices such as nanowires~\cite{Nichol_2012, Rossi_2017, Delepinay_2017, sahafi_2019ultralow}, carbon nanotubes~\cite{Moser_2013, deBonis_2018ultrasensitive}, and graphene sheets~\cite{weber2016force}. All of these resonators have spring constants on the order of $k = m\omega_0^2 \approx \SI{1}{\milli\newton\per\meter}$ or below, causing them to vibrate with sizeable amplitudes in response to tiny forces. At the same time, their low masses and frequencies render them susceptible to interactions that can degrade their performances. Most notably, non-contact friction sets in when the sensor tip approaches a surface, increasing the force noise PSD via a reduction of $Q$~\cite{stipe_noncontact_2001, volokitin_noncontact_2003, zurita-sanchez_friction_2004, kuehn_dielectric_2006, volokitin_near-field_2007, yazdanian_dielectric_2008, kisiel_suppression_2011, she_noncontact_2012, den_haan_spin-mediated_2015, de_voogd_dissipation_2017, Heritier_2021}. In addition, conservative tip-surface interactions can cause bending and mechanical instability of cantilevers and impede high-resolution scans~\cite{Krass_2022}. In general, the impact of non-contact friction is thought to scale roughly with $1/\omega_0$~\cite{yazdanian_dielectric_2008}, while static bending decreases with increasing spring constant as $1/k = 1/m\omega_0^2$.

\section{Dissipation Dilution}
Between 1994 and 2011, various studies investigated the impact of tensile stress on the quality factor $Q$ in doubly-clamped resonators~\cite{gonzalez1994brownian,Southworth_2009,Unterreithmeier_2010,Schmid_2011}. It was found that tensile stress can increase the angular frequency $\omega_0$ without affecting the overall damping coefficient $\gamma$ (or the mass $m$), implying that $Q \propto \omega_0$. This effect became known under the term `dissipation dilution', illustrating the fact that the dissipation $\gamma$ remains the same while the ratio $\gamma/\omega_0\propto Q^{-1}$ is reduced~\cite{Fedorov_2019}. For a force sensor, this provides an opportunity for engineering higher spring constants without any loss in sensitivity.

Dissipation dilution has become a key feature of optomechanical resonators. Quality factors in excess of $10^6$ were implemented in silicon nitride membranes~\cite{Zwickl_2008,Thompson_2008} and strings~\cite{Verbridge_2008} in 2008. Paired with optomechanical detection schemes for precise displacement measurements~\cite{Jayich_2008,Anetsberger_2009,Unterreithmeier_2009,Gavartin_2012}, these devices enabled high-impact results in fundamental~\cite{Faust_2013,Purdy_2013,Yuan_2015,Wilson_2010} and applied science~\cite{Andrews_2014,Bagci_2014}. In an additional step, phononic crystal engineering allowed researchers to reach the material dissipation limits of nanomechanical resonators by elimination of radiation to the substrate~\cite{Wilson_2009,Schmid_2011,Suhel_2012,Purdy_2012,Villanueva_2014,Chakram_2014,Tsaturyan_2014,yu_2014,Ghadimi_2017} and clamping losses~\cite{Tsaturyan_2017,Ghadimi_2018}. Further improvement was made by the realization that the dissipation dilution of a resonator can be increased by appropriate mode-shape engineering, resulting in various geometrical solutions~\cite{Norte_2016,Reinhardt_2016,Reetz_2019,Catalini_2020,Fedorov_2020,Bereyhi_2022,Bereyhi_2022_NC,Shin_2022}. In parallel, experimental demonstrations of the properties of silicon nitride resonators in extreme parameter regimes laid the basis for future applications~\cite{Rossi_2018,Mason_2019,Rossi_2019,Guo_2019,Fischer_2019,Halg_2021,Seis_2022,Halg_2022,Gieseler_2012}.

\begin{table*}[t!]
\centering
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{10pt}
\begin{tabular}{lcccccl}
\hline\hline
Reference & type & $T$ (K) & $m$ (kg) & $f_0$ (MHz) & $Q$ ($\times 10^6$) & $\gamma$ (kg/s) \\
\hline
\cite{Thompson_2008}~Thompson \textit{et al.} & membrane & $293$ & $4\times 10^{-11}$ & $0.13$ & $1.1$ & $3.1\times 10^{-11}$ \\
\cite{Zwickl_2008}~Zwickl \textit{et al.} & membrane & $0.3$ & $4\times 10^{-11}$ & $0.13$ & $11$ & $3.1\times 10^{-12}$ \\
\cite{Verbridge_2008}~Verbridge \textit{et al.} & string & $293$ & - & $1.0$ & $1.3$ & - \\
\hline
\cite{Wilson_2009}~Wilson \textit{et al.} & membrane & $293$ & - & $1.0$ & $4$ & - \\
\cite{Schmid_2011}~Schmid \textit{et al.} & string & $293$ & $1\times 10^{-12}$ & $0.17$ & $6.9$ & $1.6\times 10^{-13}$ \\
\cite{Purdy_2012}~Purdy \textit{et al.} & membrane & $293$ & - & $0.78$ & $6$ & - \\
\hline
\cite{Gavartin_2012}~Gavartin \textit{et al.} & string & $293$ & $9\times 10^{-15}$ & $2.9$ & $0.48$ & $3.4\times 10^{-13}$ \\
\cite{Faust_2013}~Faust \textit{et al.} & string & $10$ & - & $7.5$ & $0.2$ & - \\
\cite{Purdy_2013}~Purdy \textit{et al.} & membrane & $4.9$ & $7\times 10^{-12}$ & $1.6$ & $3.3$ & $2.1\times 10^{-11}$ \\
\hline
\cite{Chakram_2014}~Chakram \textit{et al.} & membrane & $293$ & - & $2.0$ & $50$ & - \\
\cite{Tsaturyan_2014}~Tsaturyan \textit{et al.} & membrane & $8$ & - & $2.7$ & $5.2$ & - \\
\cite{Yuan_2015}~Yuan \textit{et al.} & membrane & $0.01$ & $1\times 10^{-10}$ & $0.24$ & $127$ & $1.2\times 10^{-12}$ \\
\hline
\cite{Reinhardt_2016}~Reinhardt \textit{et al.} & trampoline & $293$ & $4\times 10^{-12}$ & $0.04$ & $45$ & $2.3\times 10^{-14}$ \\
\cite{Norte_2016}~Norte \textit{et al.} & trampoline & $293$ & $1\times 10^{-12}$ & $0.14$ & $98$ & $9.0\times 10^{-15}$ \\
\cite{Tsaturyan_2017}~Tsaturyan \textit{et al.} & membrane & $293$ & $1.6\times 10^{-11}$ & $0.78$ & $210$ & $3.6\times 10^{-13}$ \\
\hline
\cite{Ghadimi_2018}~Ghadimi \textit{et al.} & string & $293$ & $5\times 10^{-15}$ & $1.3$ & $800$ & $5.1\times 10^{-17}$ \\
\cite{Rossi_2018}~Rossi \textit{et al.} & membrane & $11$ & $2.3\times 10^{-12}$ & $1.1$ & $1030$ & $1.6\times 10^{-14}$ \\
\cite{Guo_2019}~Guo \textit{et al.} & string & $293$ & $7.4\times 10^{-14}$ & $0.95$ & $27$ & $1.6\times 10^{-14}$ \\
\hline
\cite{Fischer_2019}~Fischer \textit{et al.} & trampoline & $293$ & $5\times 10^{-13}$ & $0.41$ & $2.4$ & $5.4\times 10^{-13}$ \\
\cite{Gisler_2022}~Gisler \textit{et al.} & string & $0.05$ & $9\times 10^{-15}$ & $1.4$ & $2300$ & $3.6\times 10^{-17}$ \\
\cite{Seis_2022}~Seis \textit{et al.} & membrane & $0.08$ & $1.5\times 10^{-11}$ & $1.5$ & $1500$ & $9.3\times 10^{-14}$ \\
\hline
\cite{Bereyhi_2022}~Bereyhi \textit{et al.} & string (perimeter) & $293$ & $1.7\times 10^{-14}$ & $0.35$ & $3600$ & $1.0\times 10^{-17}$ \\
\cite{Bereyhi_2022_NC}~Bereyhi \textit{et al.} & string (hierarchical) & $6$ & $3.8\times 10^{-14}$ & $0.11$ & $1100$ & $2.3\times 10^{-17}$ \\
\cite{Shin_2022}~Shin \textit{et al.} & string (spiderweb) & $293$ & $5.3\times 10^{-13}$ & $0.13$ & $1800$ & $2.5\times 10^{-16}$ \\
\hline
\cite{Beccari_2022}~Beccari \textit{et al.}$^*$ & sSi string & $7$ & $8.8\times 10^{-15}$ & $1.4$ & $13000$ & $6.0\times 10^{-18}$ \\

\hline\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{Selection of parameter values of silicon nitride devices extracted from literature and sorted by year of publication. The work by Beccari \textit{et al.} is marked with a star because it is achieved with a crystalline material (strained silicon). Note the large increase of $Q$ with time while other parameters show no systematic change.}
\label{fig:table1}
\end{table*}

Table~\ref{fig:table1} contains a selection of silicon nitride device parameters sorted by the publication year. It is worth noting that $Q$ increased from `simple' dissipation-diluted devices to the latest generation of resonators by more than three orders of magnitudes, while the typical resonance frequency and the mass remained in a similar range (for similar resonator types). This signifies a reduction of $\gamma$ and $S_\mathrm{th}$, as desired for force sensing applications. Silicon nitride resonators therefore offer the prospect of unprecedented force experiments: the best device by Bereyhi \textit{et al.}~\cite{Bereyhi_2022} has a room-temperature force noise PSD of $S_\mathrm{th} = \SI{0.16}{\atto\newton\squared\per\hertz}$. In principle, this would be enough to detect a single proton spin with a magnetic moment of $\mu_\mathrm{p} = \SI{1.4e-26}{\joule\per\tesla}$ inside a nanomagnetic field gradient of $G = \SI{6e6}{\tesla\per\meter}$ (achievable with a sharp magnetic tip~\cite{Kosata_2020}) within an averaging time of $S_\mathrm{th}/(\mu_\mathrm{p}G)^2 = \SI{22}{\second}$. The device by Gisler \textit{et al.}~\cite{Gisler_2022}, characterized in a dilution refrigerator, offers a nominal PSD of $\SI{100}{\zepto\newton\squared\per\hertz}$, reducing the required averaging time for single-proton spin detection to \SI{14}{\milli\second}.

\section{Steps to Applications}
The bare sensitivity values shown in Table~\ref{fig:table1} are impressive, but translating these numbers into real scanning force applications requires a number of steps that we address in the following.

\paragraph{Additional noise sources:} while thermal fluctuations (due to $S_\mathrm{th}$) usually dominate the noise budget of a nanomechanical sensor, there can be other important noise sources in a force sensing experiment. Most importantly, detector noise with a PSD denoted by $S_\mathrm{det}$ adds uncertainty to a measurement of the resonator displacement. Typically, $S_\mathrm{det}$ is white to a good approximation and appears in the same way as an additional force noise of the form $S_\mathrm{det}/\chi^2$.

In order to reduce $S_\mathrm{det}$, an efficient detection mechanism is required. In cavity optomechanics~\cite{Aspelmeyer_2014}, efficient readout is achieved by coupling the resonator displacement dispersively to an electromagnetic cavity. Both optical and microwave cavities have been applied to silicon nitride membranes~\cite{Jayich_2008,Wilson_2009,Yuan_2015,Andrews_2014,Bagci_2014} and strings~\cite{Anetsberger_2009,Gavartin_2012,Faust_2012}, and it is currently not clear which cavity variant will be most useful for scanning force microscopy: while optical cavities are versatile and generally offer the lowest detection uncertainty, the absorption of photons by the resonator may lead to heating at cryogenic temperatures~\cite{Gisler_2022}. Superconducting microwave cavities, on the other hand, have been tested to very low temperatures~\cite{Yuan_2015,Seis_2022}, but have the drawback that they require metallization of the resonator and cannot operate at ambient temperatures or in high magnetic fields.

As the detection uncertainty becomes low, quantum backaction sets in. The force noise PSD added by quantum backaction is given by $S_\mathrm{qba} = \hbar^2/(4 S_\mathrm{det}\eta)$~\cite{Aspelmeyer_2014}, where $\hbar$ is the reduced Planck constant and $\eta$ quantifies the measurement efficiency, which can approach unity~\cite{Rossi_2018}. Note that $S_\mathrm{qba}$ corresponds to an (approximately) white force noise, while the contribution of $S_\mathrm{det}/\chi^2$ increases with the detuning from resonance roughly as $(\omega^2 - \omega_0^2)^{2}$. For this reason, the optimal balance between the detector noise and quantum backaction depends on the bandwidth (i.e., the temporal resolution) desired in a measurement.

A calculated example for different force noise contributions is shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:string_device}(a). We note that with the parameters chosen for this calculation, the total force noise is dominated by $S_\mathrm{qba}$ up to a frequency offset of about \SI{10}{\hertz}. The optimal compromise between high detection precision and low quantum backaction is termed the `standard quantum limit' (SQL). While representing a general property of interferometers, the SQL is not a fundamental limitation to quantum measurements. Various methods have been proposed and tested to enable displacement detection with an imprecision below the SQL~\cite{Braginsky_1980,Braginsky_1996,Kimble_2001,Giovannetti_2004,Clerk_2008,Lecocq_2015,Kampel_2017,Shomroni_2019,Mason_2019}. In the context of scanning force microscopy, these methods offer a strategy for improving the sensitivity beyond backaction-dominated situations such as shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:string_device}(a).

\begin{figure*}[t]
    \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{string_device.pdf}
    \caption{ (a)~Calculated force noise budget as a function of the frequency offset $\vert \omega-\omega_0\vert/2\pi$ for the perimeter device in Ref.~\cite{Bereyhi_2022}, assuming the device is passively cooled to \SI{50}{\milli\kelvin} and measured with a detection noise PSD of \SI{1e-29}{\meter\squared\per\hertz} and a measurement efficiency of $\eta = 0.5$. The sum of all contributions is shown as a solid black line labelled $S_\mathrm{tot}$. Within a bandwidth of \SI{50}{\hertz}, the total noise has a standard deviation of \SI{0.65}{\atto\newton}. (b)~Illustration of possible scanning force microscopy setup using a string resonator as sensor. A single spin (or a sample comprising a spin ensemble) is approached by a sharp, rigid scanning tip. The resulting changes in the resonator vibrations are probed with an on-chip optical waveguide whose light field is evanescently coupled to the resonator displacement. A metal microstrip is used to apply ac magnetic fields for spin inversion.}
    \label{fig:string_device}
\end{figure*}

For very low temperatures, the thermal noise becomes negligible and the resonator approaches its ground-state motion set by quantum fluctuations. For the purpose of this article, quantum fluctuations are no important limit, as we expect to remain in the regime $\frac{k_\mathrm{B}T}{\hbar\omega_0}\approx n \gg 1$, where $n$ is the number of average phonons occupying the bath at the resonance frequency. Quantum fluctuations pose also no fundamental limit for feedback damping~\cite{Courty_2001}, which is often used to match the sensor bandwidth to that of the signal~\cite{Poggio_2007_PRL,Degen_2009}.

One additional aspect we need to keep in mind is non-contact friction. Even at MHz frequencies, this effect can eventually become dominant when all other noise sources are sufficiently small. Previous experiments found an added non-contact dissipation coefficient of $\gamma_\mathrm{ncf} \approx \SI{5e-14}{\kilo\gram\per\second}$ at room temperature and at tip-surface distances around \SI{1}{\nano\meter}~\cite{Halg_2021,Halg_2022}. It is to be expected that this value can be significantly reduced at cryogenic temperatures, larger tip-surface distances, and with suitable surface treatment techniques that minimize the presence of adsorbant layers~\cite{Heritier_2021}.

\paragraph{Instrumentation:} to become a scanning force sensor, the resonator must be mounted in a dedicated measurement apparatus. In contrast to singly-clamped cantilevers, doubly-clamped beams or membranes are more difficult to utilize as scanning probes. This problem can be solved by inverting the typical geometry found in most atomic force microscopes: using the resonator as a sample plate and as the vibrating sensor at the same time, a sharp (but rigid) scanning tip is employed to probe interactions with the samples~\cite{Halg_2021,Halg_2022}. The same design can potentially be used with trampolines and strings, as long as the resonator surface is large enough to allow sample deposition, see Fig.~\ref{fig:string_device}(b). In the case of NanoMRI, the relevant sample scale is on the order of \SI{100}{\nano\meter}~\cite{Degen_2009,Krass_2022}.

\paragraph{Sample deposition:} suitable methods to load samples onto fragile resonators must be developed. One possibility is the direct deposition from liquid droplets through micropipettes~\cite{Halg_2021} or hollow cantilevers~\cite{Meister_2009}. The main drawback of this method is the creation of residues from the liquid that can potentially reduce the resonator's sensitivity. Alternative methods that avoid contamination include laser-induced desorption of particles from a substrate in vacuum~\cite{Bykov_2019} or spray injection through a finely tuned valve~\cite{Chaste_2012,Tavernarakis_2014}. For biological samples, freeze-drying is advantageous to avoid structural damage during the chamber evacuation~\cite{Giddings_1986}. However, it appears unlikely that nanomechanical resonators can survive direct dipping into liquid nitrogen. This issue has previously been overcome by a modular sample preparation procedure for cantilevers~\cite{Overweg_2015,Krass_2022}.

\paragraph{Sensing protocols:} in this last section, we take a look at some spin detection protocols. In general, moving from topography scanning force microscopy to the special case of spin detection requires two additional components. The first of these is a magnetic field gradient $G$ that translates a magnetic moment $\mu_\mathrm{p}$ into a measurable force $\mu_\mathrm{p}G$. The best nanomagnets used in previous NanoMRI demonstrations yielded values between $G = \SI{2.3e6}{\mega\tesla\per\meter}$~\cite{Grob_2019} and \SI{6e6}{\mega\tesla\per\meter}~\cite{Mamin_2012} at distances of several tens of nanometers. Nanoscale magnets used in harddisk write heads even reach \SI{28e6}{\mega\tesla\per\meter}~\cite{Tao_2016}, indicating the potential for further improvements in NanoMRI. From simulations, the field generated by a magnetic coating layer on a sharp tip, as shown in the illustration in Fig.~\ref{fig:string_device}(b), is expected to reach \SI{6e6}{\mega\tesla\per\meter} or more~\cite{Kosata_2020}.

The second component that is indispensable in most NanoMRI protocols is a source for oscillating magnetic field pulses. These pulses are used to periodically manipulate the spins at their Larmor frequencies (in the MHz to GHz range) to induce spin-mechanics coupling. In order to minimize the amount of electric current needed to create the magnetic field pulses, and hence the heating imposed on the instrument, it is advantageous to place the field source as close as possible to the sample. Metallic microstrips have become a popular choice because they can easily be fabricated on chips and cover a wide range of frequencies~\cite{Poggio_2007}.

With cantilevers in the kHz range, various protocols have been developed and tested~\cite{Sidles_1991,Mamin_2003,Rugar_2004,Mamin_2007,Degen_2009,Poggio_2010,Wagenaar_2017}. They typically rely on periodic spin inversions (induced by ac magnetic field pulses) to create a force acting on the cantilever. When contemplating resonators in the range of \SI{100}{\kilo\hertz} to \SI{10}{\mega\hertz} as force sensors, most of these protocols are impractical because adiabatic inversion of nuclear spins at such high frequencies requires too much power to be implemented in a cryogenic environment.

A technique developed especially for nanowires at a frequency close to \SI{1}{\mega\hertz} makes use of switchable magnetic field gradients to create a force resonant with the sensor~\cite{Nichol_2012,Nichol_2013}. This protocol could be translated to membrane and string resonators if switchable magnetic tips can be fabricated. Alternatively, it was proposed to invert spins at the \textit{frequency difference} between two modes, giving rise to parametric coupling~\cite{Dougherty_1996,Moore_2010}. Membrane resonators can be engineered to have two normal modes split by a few kHz in frequency~\cite{Catalini_2020,Halg_2022}, which offers a convenient tool for nuclear spin detection~\cite{Kosata_2020}. Finally, nanoscale resonant coupling between nuclear spins and a mechanical resonator, as originally envisioned~\cite{Sidles_1992_PRL}, could at long last be realized with this new class of sensors. Resonant coupling allows not only to detect nuclear spins, but also to manipulate them via the mechanics. Such manipulations have already been demonstrated with the electron spin ensembles of large atomic clouds~\cite{Karg_2020,Thomas_2021}.

In general, ensembles of electron spins are more accessible to mechanical detection than nuclear spins, both due to their larger magnetic moment and because adiabatic inversion can be achieved much faster. For this reason, pioneering experimental demonstrations of spin detection with membrane~\cite{Scozzaro_2016} and trampoline~\cite{Fischer_2019} resonators targeted electron spins in diphenyl picrahydrazyl samples with a size of a few tens of micrometers. These experiments, albeit not on the nanoscale, fuel our optimism that silicon nitride resonators will make excellent NanoMRI sensors.

\section{Outlook}
Looking forward, we can only speculate what the next step in the evolution of nanomechanical sensors will be. Pushing the limits to lower temperatures or cleaner surfaces will certainly allow for yet another increase in sensitivity. A major breakthrough could be achieved if the microscopic origin of intrinsic nanomechanical dissipation is precisely understood and can be addressed. With regards to concrete spin detection protocols, the possibilities afforded by geometrical design and pulsed spin control are far from exhausted. Here, we will hopefully see a host of interesting new ideas over the next few years.

Much remains to be done before silicon nitride membranes or strings can be used for scanning force microscopy, and in particular for nuclear spin detection and NanoMRI. Nevertheless, the prospects offered by this new class of mechanical sensors are truly encouraging. With all of the exciting developments taking place in the optomechanics community, it may well be that this new material paves the way to realizing an old dream.

\acknowledgements The author would like to thank Nils Engelsen and Letizia Catalini for critical reading and feedback on the manuscript.

\providecommand{\noopsort}[1]{}\providecommand{\singleletter}[1]{#1}%

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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text:
Oliners Awarded Fulbright
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Olin in the news
For recent media coverage please click here. Read More
06 May, Wednesday
An Olin alumnus and an Olin senior have been awarded funding to pursue graduate study and teach English around the world through the prestigious U.S. Fulbright Student Program.
Gretchen Rice '20 has been awarded the English Language Assistantship (ETA) to Taiwan. "I am really excited about the Fulbright because I believe it is an incredible experience that will allow me to create meaningful relationships and build my cultural understanding", said Rice. "While I am disappointed that I won't get the full year experience, I know that the time I do have in Taiwan will be incredibly meaningful and impactful."
Olin alumnus Annie Zeng '16 will spend a year in graduate school in the Netherlands for her Fulbright. "My mind has always been drawn to the perspectives by which practitioners of different fields view the world. The Fulbright grant will enable me to pursue a research masters in Cultures of Arts, Science and Technology at Maastricht University while immersing myself in artistic and technological communities within the Netherlands," says Zeng. "In many ways, my Olin education, with its self-directed, hands-on approach, set the foundation for my ability to pursue interdisciplinary work in my career."
As the flagship international exchange initiative sponsored by the U.S. government, the Fulbright U.S. Student Program, founded in 1946, is designed to build relationships between Americans and people in more than 140 countries across the globe, to collectively address global challenges and work toward world peace.
This year due to the COVID-19 pandemic Fulbright has decided to delay the start of these grants to January 2021 instead of September.
Assistant Director of Post-Graduate Planning and Fulbright Program Advisor Aarti Chellakere said, "We are incredibly proud of our finalists! They worked diligently on every component of their applications since the prep program kick-off in March to meet the Fulbright deadline in October. Olin students are prepared to live as engaged global citizens, and we are excited for their upcoming Fulbright experiences."
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text:
DECKER: Romney-Ryan ticket takes fight to Obama
Wisconsin numbers cruncher unifies, revitalizes GOP
Latest Cartoon
By Brett M. Decker - The Washington Times - Saturday, August 11, 2012
Mitt Romney has proved everyone wrong. The common wisdom was the presumptive Republican nominee for president was going to make a safe pick, going with an old Washington hand from an important swing state for vice president. By tapping 42-year-old Rep. Paul Ryan from Wisconsin, Mr. Romney shows that he is taking the fight into blue states deep in the heart of territory Barack Obama won four years ago. This is the strategy of a winner.
Choosing Mr. Ryan, the wonky chairman of the House Budget Committee, telegraphs one message about the autumn campaign loud and clear to President Obama: It is about the economy stupid, and you won't be able to hide from the issues. Liberals are already attacking the Ryan budget – which actually would have gotten federal books back in order – as being bad for the poor. However, this demagoguery comes from a Democratic Party that hasn't approved a budget in the Senate in 1,200 days and has added a heart-stopping $5 trillion to the national debt since the last budget resolution was passed in April 2009. Democrats are in a precarious political position with Mr. Romney's No. 2 because when they demonize Mr. Ryan's penny-wise plan, it gives Republicans an opening to refocus the debate on the president's out-of-control spending and Majority Leader Harry Reid's lack of fiscal leadership in the Senate.
News of Mr. Romney's veep decision has conservative activists reenergized for the fight ahead. "This focuses the November elections on Obama's economic failures and the fact that Romney and Ryan have a reform plan that's actually written down," Grover Norquist, president of Americans for Tax Reform, told The Washington Times. "This choice is scintillating – one step above brilliant." The tough Mr. Norquist, famous for keeping candidates' feet to the fire with his Taxpayer Protection Pledge, isn't one to hang fire when Republicans are doing the wrong thing. His endorsement signals that Mr. Ryan gets a wild thumbs up from the conservative base of the Republican Party.
The reaction from Congress was enthusiastic too. "The greatest threat to our future is our debt, and no one knows more about the federal government's fiscal challenges than Paul Ryan," Alabama Sen. Jeff Sessions, ranking member of the Senate Budget Committee, told The Washington Times. "I'm thrilled. It's a great choice by Gov. Romney. While many say the vice-presidential choice normally adds little to the ticket, I believe Paul will be a big asset to the campaign, and a great partner to Gov. Romney in governing." Mr. Sessions is the foremost leader on Capitol Hill who has beat the bushes explaining to the country that Obamacare's $17 trillion in longterm unfunded obligations explodes the total unfunded liabilities of America's welfare state to more than $99.4 trillion over 75 years.
The cheesehead with the green eyeshade gets kudos from fiscal fighters in his own chamber as well. "Paul Ryan is a great pick. There is no one better at making the case for what needs to be done to put America back on the right path," Ohio Rep. Jim Jordan, chairman of the conservative Republican Study Committee, told The Washington Times. This is not feint praise as Mr. Jordan is known to give House leadership fits for his insistence that the party must not sacrifice principle for bipartisan dealmaking.
Mr. Ryan is a young, combative, articulate and ideologically solid policy expert. The strength of his candidacy already has Beltway chatter focusing on how mismatched Vice President Joseph R. Biden Jr. would be in a veep debate, which has reignited speculation that Mr. Obama should dump Joe to run instead with his sharp Secretary of State, Hillary Rodham Clinton. By going with a guy from the Badger State, Mr. Romney has made a move for Rust Belt voters in places like Wisconsin, Pennsylvania and Michigan. Mr. Ryan is a game-changer, so the ball is now in the president's court to try to match his challenger on points.
The veep-stakes predictions over the last month focused on Ohio and Florida, two places Mr. Romney undoubtedly needs to win to make it to the White House. No Republican in history has ever become president without the Buckeye State, and Ohio Sen. Rob Portman – who took 82 out of 88 counties in his Senate race two years ago – had risen above the pack and was seen as the frontrunner. Mr. Portman is a smart, respected and supremely talented public servant, but many operatives were worried he was too much like Mr. Romney, and that a Romney-Portman ticket looked too much like your grandfather's GOP: two reserved white guys graying around the temples. It will be hard to pin the stodgy label on the Romney-Ryan team with a Generation X running-mate.
Mr. Romney has passed the two major tests he has faced this year. He campaigned hard, debated well and outlasted an impressive field of Republican primary contenders to secure his party's nomination for president. Now he has unified and revitalized the GOP with his surprisingly bold choice of Mr. Ryan. With unemployment stuck at 8.3 percent and the economy going nowhere, Mr. Obama looks more like a loser every day. With less than three months before Election Day, Mr. Romney is gaining momentum.
Brett M. Decker is editorial page editor of The Washington Times and coauthor of the book "Bowing to Beijing" (Regnery, 2011).


text:
Q: How to access asp.net property in javaScript? I'm trying this code to access a property but it gives me an error:
<textarea class="<%#Eval("soort").ToString() %>" ID="TextTranslation" runat="server" rows="5"><%#Eval("Translation") %></textarea>

The error:

Server Error in '/' Application.
  Parser Error
  Description: An error occurred during the parsing of a resource required to service this request. Please review the following specific parse error details and modify your source file appropriately.
Parser Error Message: The server tag is not well formed.
Source Error:
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Source File: /assets/usercontrols/TranslationControl.ascx    Line: 19
Version Information: Microsoft .NET Framework Version:4.0.30319; ASP.NET  Version:4.0.30319.272

A: Change your quotes to: class='<%#Eval("soort").ToString() %>'


tt takes a younger person to point somebody like an old Granny in a new direction and get them using their dusty old braincells in a focussed fashion. After all, most of the time, those brain cells are moseying around the garden and maybe dipping into the easy crossword. But they do get the chance to recharge themselves a bit during meditation. I only know this is happening when they are presented with something new, something a bit more challenging and I see that they can rise out of their dusty retirement and dance with vigour at the sort of conversation which my Singapore boy sent me the link to. So gripped were we, Grandpa and I, that we sat on at the breakfast table, ignoring the newspaper and the post, sipping our coffee and watching each other as those brain cells got into action. You could join this conversation too if you click on the link to the YOUTUBE recording of one Jordan Peterson, a Canadian clinical psychologist with a special interest in the psychology of religious and ideological belief and said to be right wing. I also discover him to be a philosopher with a following who eats only steak. He is in conversation with and occasionally gets really cross with one Sam Harris, American professor and philosopher and critic of religion who I hadn't heard of before this and then there is a considered English moderator, author and political commentator Douglas Murray who confesses to being an atheist but a cultural Christian.


text:
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text:
Home Who We Are
Paul Keiswetter_1989
In Touch Approach
In our sales department, the theme "in-touch", serves as our daily mantra. This attitude is contagious throughout the company.
Our quality directors, R&D team members, engineers, and management are encouraged to communicate with customers to help ensure we are living up to our mission of earning their appreciation.
Serving our customers for over 50 years.
Paul Keiswetter, Chairman & CEO
We are a small, privately held, family-owned company which has allowed us to really cultivate the company culture in every associate that joins our team. Each person offers a singularly important perspective on how to innovate and improve, representing a dynamic culture that is constantly rising to meet the needs of our customers.
YEARS IN THE BUSINESS
WE RECYCLE OVER
OF RECYCLED PLASTIC ANNUALLY
Dedicated to our mission...
To earn the appreciation and respect of our Customers, Associates and Communities.
By Paul Keiswetter
Our culture is one of "Hands-on", "Feet-on-the-street" and "Feet-on-the-production-floor". Whether you are the CEO and President or a new packing associate on the floor, we like to have the entire team engaged. If you see someone struggling, help them; if you see trash on the floor, pick it up. If you are a manager, understand how you can help, coach, motivate and improve the work-life of your staff. Good housekeeping is extremely important to us. Visitors often comment on the neatness, presentation, and organization of our company and Associates. We want to keep this reputation.
Daily we dedicate ourselves to continuous improvement, as this is a state of mind and a way of life for us. Additionally, all of our Associates are encouraged to feel free to offer ideas for improvements. We strive to keep our facilities a safe place to work, but most of all, we want our company to be a fair and equitable place to spend our working hours.
How did we get to be where we are today?
Petoskey Plastics, Inc. was founded in 1969. Operations began with 5 employees on April 1, 1970 with one bag machine that converted purchased film into plastic bags.
In 1975 the company purchased an extrusion line to manufacture film. We continued to grow and acquire additional extrusion lines over the next several years. In 1987 the company applied for and obtained a patent for a Slip-N-Grip® polyethylene disposable seat cover. Petoskey Plastics developed extensive experience in manufacturing and using recycled polymers.
We first began in-house recycling in 1978 and in 1990 we were awarded a grant from the state of Michigan through the Quality of Life Bond Fund to recycle post-consumer polyethylene waste. Fifty percent matching funds were provided and all production requirements were satisfactorily completed, enabling Petoskey Plastics to purchase a recycle line from Italy to reprocess plastic scrap. The recycle department was further expanded with wash line technology to reprocess post-consumer bags & film in 1991 with State of Michigan assistance through a Quality of Life Grant. The Petoskey plant features numerous extrusion lines utilizing recycled materials originating from our Indiana recycling facility.
In 1999, Petoskey Plastics acquired the assets of a polyethylene film plant in Morristown, Tennessee. Significant investments were made to refurbish and add new equipment. The Morristown Plant today has multiple extrusion lines utilizing recycled materials, along with converting lines and a 4 color offset paper printing press.
The summer of 2007 marked the opening of our new corporate headquarters building in downtown Petoskey.
Later in 2007 we completed renovations to a former garage door manufacturing facility in Hartford City, Indiana; converting the building to a 330,000 square foot leading-edge recycling facility. In 2013, we added blown film manufacturing and converting lines.
First plant location on Lears Road in Petoskey, MI
New Petoskey Plant in 1975
Paul Keiswetter with first extrusion line
The Evolution & Meaning of Our Logo
Our Central Command Team.
With their own business specialties brought to the table, the team reports at the highest level of our organizational management.
Each is assigned to a team of associates to develop and expand product lines, problem solve manufacturing technology, and to sell products in order to reach our company goals.
Jason Keiswetter
Marilyn Cummings
Corporate Secretary & Assistant to the President, CEO
Sue Maskaluk
Corporate Treasurer
Mike Barto
Doug Stepanian
Vice President of Administration
Greg Scheidemantel
2 years of service


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text:
KERALA KASTURIRANGAN REPORT PDF
13.11.2019 29.11.2020 admin Life
Kerala to approach Centre on Kasturirangan report Kerala to approach Centre on Kasturirangan report As per the Kasthurirangan report a total of 13, sq km areas that included stretches in villages were demarcated as EFL. This was stated by Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan in the Assembly while calling attention to the necessity to exert pressure on the Centre to exclude populated areas, agriculture land and plantation regions from the final notification of the EFL areas based on Kasthurirangan report. The state would take necessary steps to preserve and protect the As per the Kasthurirangan report a total of 13, sq km areas that included stretches in villages were demarcated as EFL. Following protest and agitation from the local people, the state assembly unanimously passed a resolution in January asking the Centre to exempt populated, agriculture and plantation ares from the ambit of EFL.
Author: Zolokora Mubei
Genre: Literature
Uploader: Zulut
On November 13, the Union Ministry of Environment and Forests MoEF directed six states, including Kerala, spanning the Western Ghats, to ban environment-damaging activities in villages identified as ecologically-sensitive areas by the Kasturiangan Committee.
These environment-damaging activities include mining, quarrying, construction of thermal plants and red-category highly-polluting industries and construction of buildings spread over more than 2, sq metre and townships spanning more than 50 hectares. In Kerala, the committee has identified villages across 12 of the 14 districts as eco-sensitive areas.
Most of these villages are thickly populated. This is the reason for widespread apprehensions among people that implementation of the Kasturiangan Committee recommendations will lead to displacement of hundreds of families from these villages. Panic led to violent protests Resentment turned into violence on November 15 in Kannur and Kozhikode districts, where protesters stoned government vehicles and Kerala State Road Transport Corporation buses and set fire to a forest office at Vilangad in Kozhikode.
In Thamarassery, an angry mob gheraoed the district superintendent of police SP and deputy SP and set ablaze a police jeep. They also attacked the vehicles of some Malayalam TV channels and damaged the cameras. Several people and 20 police persons were injured during the clash. The police fired bullets into the air to disperse the mob and have registered cases. More than 60 eco-sensitive villages fall in these districts. The Left is going ahead with agitations despite assurances from Chief Minister Oommen Chandy that nobody will be evicted from upland areas.
The chief minister had also appealed the Left not to spread unnecessary fears and withdraw the agitations, saying that the Union minister of state for environment and forests, Jayanthi Natarajan, had assured that the Centre would consider the concerns raised by all the states.
Earlier on October 21, LDF had boycotted the all-party meeting convened by the chief minister to discuss how the Kasturirangan Committee report would affect the state. The Kerala government had appointed a three-member committee to study the impact of the report.
Section of church leads protest A section of the church in the state is backing the agitations. The Catholic Church is strongly opposing the report, saying it is anti-farmers and, if implemented, it would affect the livelihood of farmers.
It also says that many farmers who have settled in the high ranges are yet to get title deeds and implementation of the report will affect title deeds. The letter issued by Bishop Mar Remigios Inchananiyil demands withdrawal of the decision to implement the report. It states that as part of intensifying the protests, rallies and dharnas would be organised under the aegis of the Pashchimaghatta Jana Samrakshana Samithi Western Ghats People Protection Committee on November The church denounced unnecessary agitations including hartal over the issue, the statement read.
Industry hand? Adivasi and dalit organisations in Kerala have also strongly opposed the agitations. This has also affected the lives of adivasis and dalits, who have traditionally been living in the high range areas.
According to Kapikad, the Left does not have a strong base among the settled farmers. Many of the newspapers and channels in the state highlight the agitations while they fail to voice the concerns of adivasis and the dalit communities who want conservation of the Western Ghats. Kapikad says adivasi-dalit communities want the government to implement the Gadgil report, which has made more stringent recommendations to conserve the Western Ghats.
LIBRO EL ALIENISTA CALEB CARR PDF
kasturirangan_report
The deluge claimed human lives, lives of innumerable other living beings and caused damage of over Rs. The state witnessed the worst drought of the century in which led to severe water crisis, and a furious cyclone Ockhi in which adversely affected he coastal stretch of the state and the fishing communities, in particular. This is not to speak of the intermittent landslides and sea fury which recur in monsoons every year. These natural disasters highlight the need to have a robust and comprehensive law and policy on disaster management and environment protection. The unique geo-physical characteristic of the state is the natural infrastructure that enables protection from natural disasters, especially in the face of the very real impacts of climate change.
ABHINAYA CHANDRIKA PDF
Kasturirangan Report
The Gadgil Commission report was criticised for being too environment-friendly. The answer to the question of how to manage and conserve the Ghats will not lie in removing these economic options, but in providing better incentives to move them towards greener and more sustainable practices," the HLWG report says. It had suggested three levels of categorization where regulatory measures for protection would be imposed and had recommended the establishment of the Western Ghats Ecology Authority for management of the Ghats. The member Working Group, headed by Planning Commission member Kasturirangan, has environmental experts and other professionals as its members. Natarajan said that the recommendations would be looked into urgently so that action can be taken to address these challenges. Kasturirangan said, "The message of this report is serious, alarming and urgent. It is imperative that we protect, manage and regenerate the lands now remaining in the Western Ghats as biologically rich, diverse, natural landscapes".
LA CAMPAGNE DE RUSSIE LON DEGRELLE PDF
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The Market Value Analysis (MVA) is a tool to assist residents and policy-makers understand the elements of their local residential real estate markets. It is an objective, data-driven tool built on local administrative data and validated with local experts. This analysis was prepared for the City of Dallas by The Reinvestment Fund. Public officials and private actors can use the MVA to more precisely target intervention strategies in weak markets and support sustainable growth in stronger markets.
There are currently two web-maps showing the Market Value Analysis data.
The MVA Indicators Map has a tab for each component indicator of the Market Value Analysis, as listed above, in addition to the overall MVA category.
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Median Home Sales Price: This factors in Price to Rent in areas with a high proportion of rental units.
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Percent Code Violations: Housing units with structural code violations shown as a percent of total housing units.
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If you are looking to buy Megaman energy saving lighting products you can purchase our products from our approved list of suppliers including Wholesalers, Distributors & Online. Please select the kind of supplier you require.
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There are two reasons to visit Kenya's Amboseli National Park.
One, to see the magnificent population of elephants and two, to witness the extraordinary view of Mount Kilimanjaro. It is from Amboseli National Park that you can see the iconic view of the roof of Africa that is so well known from movies and magazines.
Unfortunately we arrived in Kenya at the beginning of the rainy season so Mount Kilimanjaro was shrouded in cloud. We never did get to see the roof of Africa in all her glory, but every once in a while her glacier peeked out from above the clouds.
The lower mountains were in full view and they made for a spectacular sight in their own right and this is the view at sunset just before we settled into our lodge in the centre of the park.
If you travel to Kenya during the high season or dry season, you will definitely have a good chance of seeing the iconic mountain.
If you are interested in more of Mount Kilimanjaro, check out our climb up there in 2008 while visiting Tanzania.
We stayed at the Amboseli, Serena Safari Lodge nestled in the heart of the park. Sitting on a high plateau, one can enjoy high tea while looking out over the African Savanna. We watched zebras and baboons saunter in the long grass below while enjoying the African sun.
The hotel is surrounded by rich vegetation and swamps fed by the melting snow of Kilimanjaro. From the comfort of a lounge chair, you can spy elephants and hippos going about their day as monkeys play in nearby trees.
Going to Kenya? You may want to check out these items.
Birds may not be a part of the Big 5 but people love them and there are a lot of bird species in Africa, get your guide on Amazon.
We only spent one day in Amboseli National Park and while we felt ready to move on to see more of Kenya after an evening and morning safari, we did love the lodge so much we could have spent days enjoying the pool and magnificent views.
Within minutes of leaving the lodge, we spotted several elephants. Amboseli is known for it's elephant population and it lives up to the hype. You will see elephants at every turn.
It is an exciting thing to see an elephant in the wild for the first time. They are so peaceful and elegant. An elephant seems to glide over the land with ease. They look as if they are moving slow, but if you follow them for a distance you will see how much ground they cover quickly.
They stay close to each other and protect their young. While watching the elephant, I cannot understand how poachers can senselessly kill them for nothing but their ivory tusks to sell to the Asian market.
I plea to the people of Asia to stop buying ivory for medicinal purposes or ornaments. It must be stopped.
Time goes quickly on a Kenyan safari and the sun started to go down fast. We kept our eyes peeled for more wildlife and we managed to see quite a bit in Amboseli.
Besides the usual impalas and gazelles we saw hyenas, giraffes in the distance, zebras, hippos hiding in the water and our very first warthog.
The Warthog is so ugly it's cute!
The Warthog has become my new favourite animal. Our guide Makau told us that the warthog has a very short attention span. They spook easily and run away when you approach, but they quickly forget why they were running in the first place and stop to have a look.
We caught this guy as he was having a look. They're absolutely adorable to watch as they scamper around the Savanna.
As our safari at Amboseli came to an end we gave up on spotting any big cats of Africa here. That was going to have to wait until the Masai Mara, but we did manage to spy the serval cat.
We noticed something running through the long grass and to our delight two serval cats were playing. They didn't seem to mind us being around and kept playing while we watched from our safari van. This was just a sign of things to come.
Our time at Amboseli National Park was drawing to a close. We had seen a few of the animals that one can only see in Africa and we were now itching to see more. Amboseli is one of Kenya's most popular national parks, but I had a feeling that the next two stops were going to be far more exciting when it came to spotting wildlife.
For more information on safaris to Amboseli National park and safaris to Kenya contact our friend Makau at Wilderness Zones Safaris.
5 Responses to "Amboseli National Park – Kenya's Royal Court"
Wow this is amazing. I reminds me of the trip i had in Kidepo in Uganda.
Incredible photos! I'm so jealous that you got to see a serval cat! I haven't been to Kenya yet but would love to go. Mt. Kilimanjaro is also on my long list. Great photos as always!
It was really cool to see, they're so small and fast in that long grass, but we just caught them out of the corner of our eye. Little cuties.
Is there such a thing? I just can't believe how those creatures look like. They look so odd.


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D.A., SLCPD investigate video, allegations of excessive force in 2014 arrest in Utah
Body-cam footage purportedly shows an officer punching a woman and calling her vulgar names after she spit on him.
A screen shot is shown from a video that purports to show a Salt Lake City Police Department officer punching, kicking and insulti Michelle Siguenza Anderson is allegedly shown lying on the ground with a bag on her head during her arrest in October 2014. Body-c Michelle Siguenza Anderson's 9 daughter watches as her mother is arrested by Salt Lake City police in October 2014. Body-cam video Chris Detrick | The Salt Lake Tribune Salt Lake Police Department Chief Mike Brown speaks during a press conference Wednesday J Chris Detrick | The Salt Lake Tribune Salt Lake Police Department Chief Mike Brown speaks during a press conference Wednesday J Chris Detrick | The Salt Lake Tribune Salt Lake Police Department Chief Mike Brown speaks during a press conference Wednesday J Chris Detrick | The Salt Lake Tribune Salt Lake Police Department Chief Mike Brown speaks during a press conference Wednesday J Chris Detrick | The Salt Lake Tribune Salt Lake Police Department Chief Mike Brown speaks during a press conference Wednesday J
A screen shot is shown from a video that purports to show a Salt Lake City Police Department officer punching, kicking and insulting a woman in 2014. Michelle Siguenza Anderson is allegedly shown lying on the ground with a bag on her head during her arrest in October 2014. Body-cam video that has surfaced recently purportedly shows the woman being beaten and berated by an officer. In response to the video, Salt Lake City Police Chief Mike Brown has ordered a departmental investigation alongside the Salt Lake County district attorney's office. Michelle Siguenza Anderson's 9 daughter watches as her mother is arrested by Salt Lake City police in October 2014. Body-cam video that has surfaced recently purportedly shows the woman being beaten and berated by an officer. In response to the video, Salt Lake City Police Chief Mike Brown has ordered a departmental investigation alongside the Salt Lake County district attorney's office. Chris Detrick | The Salt Lake Tribune Salt Lake Police Department Chief Mike Brown speaks during a press conference Wednesday July 6, 2016. Salt Lake City Police Chief Mike Brown has ordered a departmental investigation into a 2014 arrest where a since-retired officer allegedly struck and profanely berated a woman after she spit on him during her arrest. Chris Detrick | The Salt Lake Tribune Salt Lake Police Department Chief Mike Brown speaks during a press conference Wednesday July 6, 2016. Salt Lake City Police Chief Mike Brown has ordered a departmental investigation into a 2014 arrest where a since-retired officer allegedly struck and profanely berated a woman after she spit on him during her arrest. Chris Detrick | The Salt Lake Tribune Salt Lake Police Department Chief Mike Brown speaks during a press conference Wednesday July 6, 2016. Salt Lake City Police Chief Mike Brown has ordered a departmental investigation into a 2014 arrest where a since-retired officer allegedly struck and profanely berated a woman after she spit on him during her arrest. Chris Detrick | The Salt Lake Tribune Salt Lake Police Department Chief Mike Brown speaks during a press conference Wednesday July 6, 2016. Salt Lake City Police Chief Mike Brown has ordered a departmental investigation into a 2014 arrest where a since-retired officer allegedly struck and profanely berated a woman after she spit on him during her arrest. Chris Detrick | The Salt Lake Tribune Salt Lake Police Department Chief Mike Brown speaks during a press conference Wednesday July 6, 2016. Salt Lake City Police Chief Mike Brown has ordered a departmental investigation into a 2014 arrest where a since-retired officer allegedly struck and profanely berated a woman after she spit on him during her arrest.
By Bob Mims, Courtney Tanner And Mariah Noble | The Salt Lake Tribune
· July 7, 2016 7:33 pm
This is an archived article that was published on sltrib.com in 2016, and information in the article may be outdated. It is provided only for personal research purposes and may not be reprinted.
Salt Lake City Police Chief Mike Brown has ordered a departmental investigation into a 2014 arrest during which a since-retired officer allegedly struck and profanely berated a woman after she spit on him during her arrest.
Also Wednesday, Salt Lake County District Attorney Sim Gill said his office and an outside police agency will investigate the case for possible criminal charges against the officer.
"The chief contacted me [Tuesday night] ... I said I appreciated his candor and we agreed this should be investigated," Gill said.
Brown told The Salt Lake Tribune on Wednesday that he first learned of the October 2014 incident when notified by staff Tuesday that the woman's daughter had posted a video of the arrest — captured on the officer's body camera — online.
During the arrest, in a driveway with the woman's distraught and crying 9-year-old daughter watching, the woman was taken to the ground, allegedly hit and possibly kicked, and repeatedly called "bitch" and "idiot" in conjunction with other vulgarities.
The officer also told the woman: "You deserve to have your ass kicked."
Said Brown, "From my perspective, and I, along with others in my office have probably looked at this video 100 times — and in talking with other officers and supervisors — our actions [in this arrest] are abhorrent, and our words are even worse.
"There was a strike, and the words were exchanged."
Brown said that late Tuesday night he ordered his Internal Affairs unit to immediately look into the matter, and also called Gill to fill him in. The actual body-cam video, Brown said, is "much longer," but the web video shows the worst of the incident.
Brown declined to identify the officer involved in the alleged excessive force episode, but he confirmed that he had retired for "normal reasons" on Oct. 29, 2015.
"We are doing a formal investigation," the chief said. "Before I make any further statements on [the officer's identity], I want to respect the due process involved."
The web video, however, identifies the officer as Tyler Reinwand.
Also, charging documents against the woman — now-43-year-old Michelle Siguenza Anderson — state that "Officer Reinwand" was the one who was spat upon.
The officer, Brown said, could face criminal proceedings if charged with assault by an officer.
"It's not what we would teach," Brown said. "It's not in our culture."
The video reportedly was provided to Anderson's family during her prosecution for misdemeanor counts of public intoxication and spitting on the officer.
"It did occur. That is our video tape," Brown said, assuring transparency throughout the impending process. "We don't back away from that."
Anderson was charged in November 2014 in 3rd District Court with the two misdemeanors. But Salt Lake City prosecutors dismissed the charges three months later, on March 17, 2015, the day a preliminary hearing was scheduled to occur.
Gill said Wednesday that city prosecutors "did the right thing" in dismissing the case because of the body-cam video.
"It's disturbing," he said. "It's not something you can show to a jury. It's a compromised case."
He also noted that Reinwand did not show up for the preliminary hearing, which gave them further reason to dismiss the case.
Gill reviewed the file — which he said had a note attached not to refile the case — Tuesday night after Brown called him, he said. As the district attorney, Gill also acts as the Salt Lake City prosecutor, after an agreement reached in September 2015, and has access to the cases in that office. If the use-of-force incident merits a felony charge, the D.A.'s office handles it. A misdemeanor charge would go to Salt Lake City prosecutor's office.
But Gill added that the case "didn't end up back where it needed to be ... back before the police."
There was likely a breakdown of communication, he said, and the footage was not forwarded on to the police agency.
A probable-cause statement accompanying the charges against Anderson does not mention any of the alleged violence that occurred after she spit on the officer. The narrative ends by saying that Anderson "spat in Officer Reinwand's face" after being placed in handcuffs, and that "Anderson was known to officers from prior encounters."
How long the family had the 8-minute, 14-second clip was unknown, but her daughter, Jasmine Anderson, posted it Tuesday online.
Brown is "really concerned," he said at a news conference Wednesday, over how long it took for the incident to come to his department's attention. Brown became SLCPD's chief on May 3, replacing Chief Chris Burbank, who was forced to step down after heavy criticism for his handling of sexual harassment complaints by three female officers.
"This happened on Oct. 10, 2014, and if this [arrest] is not 'good' today, then why did we think it was 'good' back then?" Brown said. "Is it only bad if we get caught?"
Gill said since September — and during the 10 years he worked at the Salt Lake City prosecutor's office — when a case is dismissed, the protocol is to explain the circumstances to supervisors, who then relay the message up the chain of command.
But rather than speculate about what may have happened under the jurisdiction of his predecessor, he said, his focus now is to "get this done."
At the arrest scene with Reinwand was his partner, who still works for SLCPD. A sergeant also came to the scene to review the arrest of the woman, checking whether departmental policy was followed, Brown said. That sergeant, also unnamed by the chief, is still employed with SLCPD.
"My question, then, is why didn't this come to light back then? That will be part of our review now," Brown said. "Our review process failed us that night," he added at the news conference.
The chief said he also had met with his supervisors to implement a new "internal review" process for periodic, random reviews of footage from the department's 240 police body cams, in hope of more quickly spotting problems and taking appropriate actions.
"I really feel that this is an outlier; this is an anomaly," Brown told members of the media. "Our police department and our officers are better than that."
Police initially were called about 11:30 p.m. on Oct. 9, 2014, Brown said, by Jasmine Anderson, who was worried about her mother being intoxicated and the status of her younger sister. The first call ended with police issuing Michelle Anderson a warning, but officers went back about 1 a.m. on a renewed domestic-disturbance report.
In the body-cam video, the arrest initially appears to be routine, with the officer reminding Michelle Anderson that he earlier had warned her that she would be taken into custody if they had to return.
"She's going to jail?" the 9-year-old girl asks, and then runs to her mother to give her a hug.
Shortly thereafter, the woman allegedly spits on the officer, and the video shows her being taken to the ground, face first. "You little bitch. ... You [expletive] spit on me," the officer says.
The woman was fitted with a spit mask at one point, which Brown said is standard procedure to ensure officers don't come in contact with fluids that could contain contagions, such as hepatitis.
The girl, being gently coaxed by another officer to pick up her toys, is heard crying repeatedly. Anderson, lying on the ground, asks officers repeatedly to "please stop," telling them "I can't breathe" and, "I won't do it again." She cries and screams while the daughter hovers nearby, watching the exchange.
"This is a tragic situation," Brown said. "And not only for the woman arrested and hit, but for her daughter, Jasmine, who had called in ... and I really feel bad for the little 9-year-old girl who witnessed this whole thing."
Paramedics examined Michelle Anderson at the scene of her arrest, police said, and she was taken to the Salt Lake County jail — but jail officers refused to book her, due to unspecified minor injuries.
Neither Michelle nor Jasmine Anderson could immediately be reached for comment.
On her Facebook page, Jasmine Anderson said she had received the video clip in an email from an undisclosed source Monday.
"I cannot put into words the horror I felt seeing that video," she wrote, in part. "I believe that the officers in this video were not right in their actions. They were wrong to resort to violence when it was unnecessary. They were wrong to hit a mother, my mother, in front of a child."
"They SHOULD be held responsible. I hope they will [be]," Anderson added.
While calling for more study of "police corruption and brutality," she allowed that, "Not every officer uses violence. Not all of them feel the need to use their power against the people they have sworn to protect.
"So rather then hating all police officers, we need to focus our energies on finding the corrupt and power hungry and remove them from their place of power," she added. "Because whether they are good or bad, they are humans just like us."
In echoing that statement, Brown said Tuesday that officers are "human, too. There are things and situations that push our buttons; perhaps we're having a bad day."
remims@sltrib.com, ctanner@sltrib.com
Twitter: @remims, @courtneyltanner


Jeffrey M. Diederich is the Chairman & CEO of the Diederich Group of Companies and it's principal. The Diederich Group is involved in retail and wholesale insurance, real estate development and holdings, banking and financial institutions, and consulting. The Diederich Group has offices coast to coast, as well as, international involvement.
After joining Diederich Insurance in 1993, Jeffrey M. Diederich was named President & CEO in 2002 and later Chairman & CEO in 2010. Jeff has led the aggressive corporate reorganization and ongoing expansion program which included further specialization in professional liability insurance. He has appeared as a guest speaker at numerous hospitals, clinics, associations, and other healthcare organization meetings. His presentations have included such topics as Professional Liability Insurance For Today's Physicians And Surgeons, Reducing Your Premiums, and Making Sound Decisions Regarding Professional Liability Insurance.
Jeff currently is a member of the Board of Directors of a successful banking institution and is assisting with its business growth. He is a strong advocate for economic development. He and his wife, Margaret, have established the Jeffrey M. and Margaret A. Diederich Foundation, a philanthropic organization to benefit our citizens and communities.
Jeff is a trained commercial pilot having received his formal aeronautical science training at Embry Riddle Aeronautical University in Daytona Beach, Florida. To better facilitate Diederich Healthcare's business operations, Jeff continues to log several hundred hours of airtime annually.


Put the yeast in a large bowl, add the water, and whisk until dissolved. Add the honey and stir in. Add the flours, and salt. Mix until it becomes gooey. Then oil hands and pour about a couple of TBSP of olive oil over the dough, and mix with hands only until everything is encorporated. Form into ball.
An hour before baking, turn on the oven to 500 with a pizza stone inside.
Take a piece of parchment paper and place in a shallow pan. (I used a 10 x 6). Brush with olive oil. Sprinkle with a tbsp or so of cornmeal. Take a spatula and oil it. Tip the bowl with dough toward the pan and use the spatula to loosen and guide the dough into the pan. It will slide out pretty easy. Cover it with the oiled saran wrap an return to warm place until the hour is up on the oven heating.
Spray the top of the loaf with water. Place the dough in the pan on the pizza stone quickly and close the oven. Reduce temp to 450. Bake for 20-25 minutes, until brown, fairly hard on top. Remove to a wire rack to cool.


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La nef de Schlüsselfeld est une pièce d'orfèvrerie en forme de navire, une nef de table, employé en surtout de table. Fabriquée  en argent doré, émaillé, elle est une pièce d'orfèvrerie représentative de l'habilité des orfèvres nurembergeois du gothique tardif.

Le boîtier, à la fois protecteur et décoratif, présente un contour reprenant les contours du navire. Il est composé d'un noyau en bois recouvert de plusieurs couches de cuir. Il porte la date de 1503 sur la base et fait donc référence à la date d'origine du navire lui-même. La nef appartenait à la famille patricienne Schlüsselfelder de Nuremberg. Le Germanisches Nationalmuseum à Nuremberg a acquis l'œuvre en 1875 en tant que  prêt permanent de la fondation de la .

Description

La nef reproduit un voilier du type caraque, un bateau courant au  en Europe. Elle mesure  en hauteur, largeur et longueur.
Sur les voiles du bateau figure le poinçon « N », marque d'argenterie nurembergeoise. Certaines des pièces, en particulier les figures des marins, sont moulées et peintes à froid.

Une sirène à double queue est debout sur un piédestal bosselé. Les bras levés, elle tient le navire en suspens qui repose sur sa tête. La coque peut se détacher de la superstructure ; elle devient alors une coupe qui peut contenir  (deux « mesures de boisson »).

Quant au bateau, il s'agit d'une caraque, un type de navire qui, depuis le , s'est largement répandu depuis la Méditerranée occidentale. Les caractéristiques de la caraque sont clairement reproduites : une coque large, lourde, à haut bord, la structure en forme de châtelet du pont avant et un pont arrière assez long débutant déjà à la hauteur du mât principal. Le navire possède trois mâts comme tous les navires de ce type, qui sont reliés au pont par un gréement élaboré.

Les détails sont reproduits avec minutie : ancres, grappins, canons, seaux, blocs, talents, haubans et autres parties du gréement dormant et courant, écoutilles sur le pont indiquées par gravure, échafaudage de protection contre les intempéries, galerie au-dessus de l'étrave, fixation des voiles aux mâts, grand safran, etc.

Un ensemble de 74 figurines conservées anime le navire. L'équipage et les passagers peuvent être observés lors de diverses activités : dans les haubans, sur les cours, dans la vigie ou armés sur la rambarde pour se défendre d'un ennemi imaginaire. Plus loin, accompagné de musiciens, un dîner est servi à deux tables sur le pont arrière.

Dans ce mélange, il y a, à côté de l'équipage et des porteurs d'armes, entre autres un moine, une blanchisseuse et un marin qui montre son derrière nu sur le bord du pont en direction du spectateur. C'est là l'originalité de la création de l'atelier qui donne une indication de la fonction première du navire : c'est un récipient pour boire, une nef de table destinée à décorer une table de fête et à divertir les convives.

Commanditaire et réalisateur

Le créateur de l'œuvre est inconnu. Il a été avancé sans preuve qu'il pourrait s'agir d'une œuvre d'Albrecht Dürer l'Ancien, père d'Albrecht Dürer et orfèvre, qui aurait été achevée après sa mort en 1502 par d'autres orfèvres ; Nuremberg est connu pour posséder, aux alentours de 1500, une grande quantité d'orfèvres réputés. L'ensemble de l'exécution témoigne de l'habilité exceptionnelle de l'atelier dans lequel le navire a été créé ; la tête du dragon à l'avant ainsi que la caryatide montrent une capacité d'expression qui va au-delà du travail d'artisan. Le pied avec son profil de bord rainuré et les bosses typiques se trouvent également dans de nombreuses coupes de Nuremberg vers 1500.

Le commanditaire n'est pas non plus connu : c'est peut-être une commande de l'entrepreneur minier de Nuremberg Matthäus Landauer ; légué dans son testament à son neveu Wilhelm Schlüsselfelder après sa mort en 1515, d'abord documenté dans sa succession en 1549 ; ensuite propriété familiale des Schlüsselfelder et, depuis 1875, en dépôt au Germanisches Nationalmuseum
.

Le nom

La dénomination traditionnelle nef de Schlüsselfeld peut être interprétée comme désignant la provenance de la nef, à savoir le bourg de  Schlüsselfeld à proximité de Bamberg ; de fait, c'est la  qui est originaire de ce lieu, et le navire pourrait s'appeler plus proprement nef des Schlüsselfelder. L'écriture allemande  Schlüsselfelderschiff ou Schlüsselfelder-Schiff (utilisée dans la notice du Germanisches Nationalmuseum) est moins ambiguë que Schlüsselfelder Schiff.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Service de table
 Surtout de table
 Ménagère
 Arts de la table
 Nef de table
 Nef de Charles Quint
 Nef de Burghley
 Nef de Sainte-Ursule

Liens externes
 "Schlüsselfelder-Schiff" (Tafelaufsatz aus Silber) ; notice du Germanisches Nationalmuseum.

Arts de la table
Vaisselle
Orfèvrerie
Objet en vermeil
Renaissance
Modélisme naval
Œuvre conservée au Germanisches Nationalmuseum

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Max Fabiani | Let's GO!
"I was one of the most celebrated architects of the Imperial Vienna, personal advisor of the heir to the throne Franz Ferdinand and designer, here in Gorizia, of the Trgovski Dom, one of the first multi-purpose buildings in Europe; perhaps you don't know that I was the architect who fired Adolf Hitler. "
chief architect of the Austrian exhibition.
I also passionately worked on the reconstruction of Ljubljana after the 1895 earth-quake, Bielsko - now in Poland - and Gorizia in 1921. In fact, my brilliant Viennese career ended in 1919 because I felt "morally obligated to complete the work begun in Gorizia", where I designed the Trgovski Dom, one of the first multi-purpose build-ings in Europe. I was the architect who fired Adolf Hitler.


text:
'Standard of A Good Pupil' is a series of short videos based on the director's own life experiences. Coming of age in Hong Kong, she finds herself questioning who she is in a city that is itself, grappling with its identity. Expected to be an obedient girl in the traditional Chinese patriarchy, yet a successful career woman in it's capitalist modernity, she struggles to come to terms with the impossible expectations placed in front of her. Almost completely lost in her own uncertainty, she soon finds that many around her are suffering similar questions.The story transcends the individual into a communal narrative, a collection of people and emotional vignettes that together form the voice of China's youth culture.
In a city of unlimited desires, a struggle for self-identity is waged. Navigating vices and societal pressures, euphoric highs and deep lows are traversed in attempt find a sense of belonging. With no guidance in the fast changing world, we look back into history and discover new meaning in old Confucius teachings. Recontextualized with a feminist twist, a symbolic path to self-fulfillment is created in which the Chinese youth use these teaching as guide on the their quest for love, freedom, and empowerment by discovering the value of individuality.
This series will have 11 chapter, it is still on production.
Produced & Directed & Written & Styled by @zhangbing__
Cinematographer : Safwan petwov li kontan
Editors @rosepophalf @wifiovermybody @vandal_k
Pharrell William approves; Maxine Ashley performs in Dynasti
Being a Pharrell Williams favourite and having experiences of working with Alicia Keys and Keyshia Cole, Maxine Ashley is definitely one of the must watch rising stars. With her Youtube...
STANDARD OF A GOOD PUPIL