text:
Die evangelischen Arbeitervereine (EAV) entstanden nach Vorläufern im Wesentlichen seit 1882. Seit 1890 waren sie im Gesamtverband der Evangelischen Arbeitervereine zusammengeschlossen. Die Vereine waren strikt antikatholisch und antisozialdemokratisch ausgerichtet. Ihr genaues Selbstverständnis war umstritten und führte zu internen Auseinandersetzungen. Die organisatorische Reichweite war geringer als die der Katholischen Arbeitervereine. Zur Zeit des Nationalsozialismus wurden sie aufgelöst. Nach dem Krieg wurde die Evangelische Arbeitnehmerbewegung (EAB) als Nachfolgeorganisation gegründet.

Entstehung

Wurzeln der Bewegung reichen bis 1835 zurück, als in Erlangen unter Einfluss von Friedrich von Raumer ein erster evangelischer Handwerkerverein gegründet wurde. Einflussreich war 1849 eine Schrift von Johann Hinrich Wichern. Danach reichen christliche Vereinigungen für Hilfsbedürftige nicht aus, wichtig sei auch der Zusammenschluss der Hilfsbedürftigen selbst. Weitere Vorläufer entstanden 1848 und in den folgenden Jahren. So besteht der Würzburger Arbeiterverein seit 1854.

Aber als nennenswerte Bewegung entstanden evangelische Arbeitervereine erst seit 1882. Der Christlich-Soziale Arbeiterverein Gelsenkirchen hatte einen Wahlaufruf zu Gunsten der katholischen Zentrumspartei veröffentlicht, was bei den meist nationalliberal eingestellten evangelischen Mitgliedern zu Protesten führte. Insbesondere der Bergmann Ludwig Fischer aus Gelsenkirchen gründete vor diesem Hintergrund mit anderen einen ersten evangelischen Arbeiterverein. Kurze Zeit später erfolgte eine weitere Vereinsgründung in Gelsenkirchen-Schalke. In der Folge entstanden weitere Vereine zunächst vor allem im Ruhrgebiet.

Programmatik
Die Vereine waren antikatholisch und antisozialdemokratisch. Sie bekannten sich zur Monarchie und der Dynastie der Hohenzollern. Die Vereine waren Bildungs- und Geselligkeitsvereine mit einer ausgeprägten Festkultur. Darüber hinaus betrieben sie Volksbildung. Es wurden Literaturabende veranstaltet, Laientheater gemacht und Musik gespielt.

Für Rheinland und Westfalen wurde 1884 der erste Provinzialverband gegründet. In einem ersten Statut von 1885 hieß es: Der Evangelische Arbeiterverein steht auf dem Boden des evangelischen Bekenntnisses und hat den Zweck 1. unter den Glaubensgenossen das evangelische Bewusstsein zu wecken und zu fördern, 2. die sittliche Hebung und allgemeine Bildung seiner Mitglieder zu erstreben, 3. ein friedliches Verhältnis zwischen Arbeitgeber und Arbeitnehmer zu wahren und zu pflegen, 4. seine Mitglieder in Krankheits- und Todesfällen zu unterstützen, 5. Treue zu halten gegen Kaiser und Reich.

Die Vereine sahen sich selbst zur Zeit der Weimarer Republik als eine gesinnungsbildende Standesbewegung, "die aus dem sozialen Geist des Evangeliums das soziale Leben gestalten, am Aufstieg des Arbeiterstandes wirken und in der Arbeiterschaft den Kampf um Glaubensgründung durchführen will."

Frühe Jahre

Nach 1887 kam es zu einer engen Zusammenarbeit der Arbeitervereine mit dem Evangelischen Bund. Beide verstanden sich als ein Bollwerk gegen die Sozialdemokratie und den Katholizismus. Angesichts des wirtschaftsfriedlichen Programms kann es nicht verwundern, dass die Vereine Streiks wie den großen Bergarbeiterstreik von 1889 ablehnten.

Pfarrer Ludwig Weber aus Mönchengladbach fasste die bis dahin bestehenden evangelischen Arbeitervereine ab 1890 im Gesamtverband evangelischer Arbeitervereine zusammen. Unterstützung erhielt er dabei von Adolf Stoecker. Die Vereine breiteten sich über das Ruhrgebiet und weitere Gebiete aus. Ihr Schwerpunkt lag jedoch in Westdeutschland. Im Jahr 1890 hatte der Rheinisch-Westfälische Provinzialverband 73 Mitgliedsvereine mit 20.000 Mitgliedern. Insgesamt gab es in Deutschland zu dieser Zeit etwa 30.000 Mitglieder. Im Unterschied zu den katholischen Arbeitervereinen nahmen die Evangelischen Vereine nicht nur Arbeiter auf, sondern dort waren auch Pfarrer, Lehrer und gar Unternehmer Mitglieder. In der Praxis wirkte sich dies sicherlich unterschiedlich aus. Genaue Angaben liegen für den Arbeiterverein Elberfeld kurz nach der Gründung 1885 vor. Danach hatte der Verein zu dieser Zeit 88 Mitglieder. Davon waren 45 Fabrikarbeiter. Die meisten Übrigen waren Handwerker wie Schuhmacher (20), Maurer (19), Schreiner (16) oder Schneider (9). Die Mehrzahl waren demnach Arbeiter und Handwerker. Daneben gab es einen Förderkreis von "Arbeiterfreunden" häufig aus den Reihen wohlhabender Kaufleute die den Verein finanziell großzügig unterstützte und so zumindest indirekt Einfluss ausübte.

Trotz der betonten Staatstreue und des Ziels der Verständigung von Arbeitern und Unternehmern wurden die Evangelischen Arbeitervereine von Teilen der Industrie strikt abgelehnt. Carl Ferdinand von Stumm-Halberg erklärte 1895: "Die evangelischen Arbeitervereine stehen in der Gefahr, direkt in das Lager der Sozialdemokratie zu marschieren." Ganz ähnlich Wilhelm von Kardorff: "Die evangelischen Geistlichen seien gewiss vom besten Geist für die Arbeiterschaft erfüllt, aber erreichten häufig nur, dass sie der Sozialdemokratie Tausende von Anhänger zuführen." Die Vereine verwahrten sich gegen diese Vorwürfe und betonten im Gegenteil, tausende von Arbeitern von der Sozialdemokratie zurückgehalten zu haben. Hemmend für die Entwicklung war auch, dass der preußische Evangelische Oberkirchenrat 1895 vor einer "übermäßigen sozialpolitischen Betätigung der Geistlichen" warnte.

Gewerkschaftsstreit

Ähnlich wie im katholischen Lager der Gewerkschaftsstreit, kam es innerhalb der Arbeitervereine bald zu Auseinandersetzungen um die Haltung zu den Gewerkschaften und damit über das eigene Selbstverständnis. Es stritten sozialkonservative, wirtschaftsfriedliche, nationalsoziale und liberale Richtungen miteinander. Letztlich ging es darum, ob die Vereine hauptsächlich religiös ausgerichtet sein sollten oder ob sie sich auch als sozialpolitische Organisationen sahen.

Innerhalb des Verbandes bildeten sich mehrere Richtungen heraus. Ein nationalliberal orientierter Flügel betonte die religiöse und nationale Seite der Bewegung. Diese Bochumer Richtung, geführt von einem Fabrikanten Franken und einem Redakteur, wollte den Schwerpunkt auf die religiöse und sozial-karitative Arbeit legen. Aktive sozialpolitische Arbeit lehnte sie ab. Zu dieser Gruppe gehörte auch Ludwig Fischer, der seit 1906 Sekretär der nationalliberalen Partei war. Dieser plädierte dafür, dass die Vereine mehr die "religiöse und patriotische Seite des Programms zu pflegen hätten, während eine intensive soziale Betätigung eine Spielen mit dem Streikfeuer bedeute, das für die gewaltige rheinisch-westfälische Industrie und für das Wohl des ganzen Vaterlandes von unabsehbaren Folgen werden könne".

Eine zweite Gruppe sprach sich für die Mitarbeit der Arbeitervereinsmitglieder in den christlichen Gewerkschaften aus. Dazu zählte auch Adolf Stoecker. Der christliche Bergarbeiterverband wurde bewusst als interkonfessionelle Organisation gegründet, um auch die evangelischen Bergleute zu organisieren. An der Formulierung der Statuten hatten sich auch Mitglieder der Arbeitervereine beteiligt. Bei Teilen der Spitzen der Arbeitervereine stieß dies auf Kritik, aber es gab auch Befürworter. Dazu gehörte auch der Vorsitzende des Gesamtverbandes Ludwig Weber. An der Gründung des christlichen Bergarbeiterverbandes waren daher auch zahlreiche Mitglieder der evangelischen Arbeitervereine beteiligt. Die Mehrheit der Mitglieder war aber katholisch. Eine weitere Gruppe, die sich meist an Naumann orientierten, sprachen sich für die Mitgliedschaft in den freien Gewerkschaften aus, in der Hoffnung, diese so zu parteipolitischer Neutralität zu veranlassen.

Innerhalb des Verbandes setzte sich zunächst die religiöse-national eingestellte Richtung durch. Der Fabrikant Franken wurde 1896 zum Vorsitzenden des Verbandes gewählt. Die inneren Spannungen bestanden weiter und 1898 wurde der christlich-sozial orientierte Pfarrer Weber zum Vorsitzenden gewählt. Ein Jahr später konnte sich Friedrich Naumann auf einer Delegiertenversammlung in Altona mit einer Resolution durchsetzen. In dieser wurde anerkannt, dass die Vereine nicht nur einen religiösen, sondern auch einen sozialen Charakter hätten. Die Konflikte wurden nicht beigelegt und die Bochumer Richtung trat 1901 mit 7000 Mitgliedern aus dem Gesamtverband aus. Dieser bildete den evangelischen Arbeiterbund, der erst 1916 dem Gesamtverband wieder beitrat. Durch eine Satzungsänderung, wonach nur noch die Provinzialverbandsvorsitzenden und die geschäftsführenden Mitglieder dem Ausschuss des Gesamtverbandes angehören durften, mussten Stoecker und Naumann 1902 aus dem Führungsgremium ausscheiden. Im Jahr 1902 trat der württembergische Verband, der Naumann anhing, mit 4000 Mitgliedern aus dem Gesamtverband aus. Der Gesamtverband gab 1905 eine Erklärung zur Gewerkschaftsfrage ab. Mitgliedschaft in solchen Verbänden, die auf dem Boden des Klassenkampfes standen, wurde weiter abgelehnt. Allerdings bekannte man sich zum Gewerkschaftsgedanken und ließ den "Verbänden und Vereinen die Freiheit, ihre Mitglieder entweder den christlichen oder auch anderen von der Sozialdemokratie nicht abhängigen und der Pflege der christlich-nationalen Idee freilassenden Organisationen zuzuführen."

Der Historiker Michael Schneider sieht auch dies noch nicht als wirkliche positive Würdigung der christlichen Gewerkschaften durch die evangelischen Arbeitervereine an. Erst als der christliche Bergarbeiterverband sich am Bergarbeiterstreik von 1912 nicht beteiligte, gaben danach die Evangelischen Vereine ihre Zurückhaltung gegenüber den Christlichen Gewerkschaften auf. Enge Verbindungen bestanden auch zu den wirtschaftsfriedlichen gelben Verbänden.

Weitere Entwicklung

Die Zahl der Mitglieder lag 1901 bei 82.000. Sie stieg bis 1911 auf 115.000 und 1915 auf 144.000. Weitere Verbände und Arbeitervereine, die dem Gesamtverband nicht angeschlossen waren, hatten 1915 zusammen 28.000 Mitglieder.

Im Zusammenhang mit dem Ersten Weltkrieg und der Novemberrevolution sank die Mitgliederzahl bis um ein Drittel ab. Im Jahr 1921 wurde eine Neufassung des sozialen Programms des Verbandes verabschiedet. In der Präambel hieß es: "Wir wollen eine Gesinnungsgemeinschaft werktätiger evangelischer Volksgenossen sein."

Bis 1922 wurde der Verband von Ludwig Weber geführt. Ihm folgte Pfarrer Alfred Werbeck aus Elberfeld. Zweiter gleichberechtigter Vorsitzender war seit 1923 Wilhelm Koch, Reichsverkehrsminister a. D. In den folgenden Jahren konnte sich der Verband erholen. Im Jahr 1925 wurde ein Generalsekretariat in Berlin eröffnet und die interne Kommunikation verbessert.

Als Elemente der Vereinsarbeit vor Ort werden Unterstützungseinrichtungen, Erwerbslosenfürsorge, die Förderung des Siedlungswesens, Abendlehrgänge und primär religiöse Aktivitäten wie Arbeiterbibelstunden genannt. Hinzu kam die Kinder- und Jugendarbeit sowie Feste und Ausflüge. Von den Verbänden wurden Ferien- und Freizeitheime errichtet und die Mitglieder für die Beteiligung kirchlicher Organe wie Synoden geschult.

Seit 1928 bestand als Dachverband der Reichsverband evangelischer Arbeitnehmerverbände Deutschlands. Darin waren zusammengefasst der Gesamtverband der evangelischen Arbeitervereine Deutschlands, der Gesamtverband der evangelischen Arbeiterinnenvereine Deutschlands, der Verband evangelischer Gesellenvereine und die Arbeitsgemeinschaft evangelischer Arbeiterjugend.

Im Jahr 1929 gab es fünfzehn Landesverbände im Gesamtverband christlicher Arbeitervereine Deutschland, die 1933 etwa 100.000 Mitglieder aufwiesen. Noch immer lag der Schwerpunkt in Rheinland-Westfalen mit 42.000 Mitgliedern. Gefolgt von Schlesien mit 11.000 und Baden mit 10.000 Mitgliedern. Württemberg mit über 4000 und Bayern mit 19.000 Mitgliedern standen außerhalb des Gesamtverbandes.

Zu Beginn der nationalsozialistischen Herrschaft kam es zur Auflösung. Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg folgte die Wiedergründung zahlreicher Vereine. Im Jahr 1952 wurde die Evangelische Arbeitnehmerbewegung als Nachfolgeorganisation des Gesamtverbandes gegründet. Gegenwärtig (2013) besteht ein Bundesverband Evangelischer Arbeitnehmerorganisationen e. V.

Literatur
 Alfred Grunz: Konfessionelle Arbeitervereine: Evangelische Arbeitervereinsbewegung. In: Ludwig Heyde (Hrsg.): Internationales Handwörterbuch des Gewerkschaftswesens. Band 2. Berlin 1932, S. 986–992 (Digitalisat).
 Andrea Hinsche: "Über den Parteien und neben den Gewerkschaften." Der württembergische Landesverband evangelischer Arbeitervereine (1891–1918). Frankfurt am Main, 1989.

Fußnoten

Christlicher Arbeiterverein
Evangelischer Verband
Geschichte (Ruhrgebiet)
Gegründet in den 1890er Jahren
Ehemaliger Verein (Deutschland)


text:
by Chris Walter
There are no other people on earth for whom rugs, rug making, and the whole culture of rugs are more central to their existence and perception than the Turkomans. There is scarcely a Turkoman family to be found, at least among those from Afghanistan, where the women don't weave and the men are not involved in rug trade in some way.
Jora Agha is a Turkoman from northern Afghanistan. According to our calendar, Jora was born around the year 1943 in Besh Kepe Surkh, a Kislak or village of Akcha, a small market town in northern Afghanistan. Akcha is the center of the Wuluswalik or district which bears the same name in the Vilayet of Shibergan. Jora's father was engaged primarily in the construction of houses from earth, the only building material available there, and throughout most of Afghanistan. Carpets were woven in the home as he grew up, mostly by his mother and sisters. The designs that he recalls being woven in his home were the Ferik naksha, also known as the fil poi or elephant foot, Dowlatabat naksha, and Mauri Gul.
Jora identifies his tribe as the Ulu Tepe Gunesh (main peak sun). His larger tribal identity is Ersari, as are most of the Turkomans of northern Afghanistan. That the sub-tribe Ulu Tepe Gunesh is unknown to Western literature is just an illustration of how little in general is known about Turkoman tribal affiliations, aside from the larger super tribes. All of my Ersari Turkoman friends from northern Afghanistan, in fact, have tribal identities which are generally unfamiliar to the outside literature.
Jora Agha's Family
Jora has two brothers and three sisters. His older brother was named Ane Murat, meaning Juma or Friday Murat. Jora means pair, indicating that when he was born he was seen as the pair of his older brother. Jora never went to school, at least to one of the secular variety, but for 10 years he did go to a medreseh for about one half hour each morning. Here he learned reading and writing as well as Quran. A minority of Turkomans of his generation read and write to any significant degree, so he must have been an avid learner. As with all Turkoman children, he started working as soon as he could be of use, helping around the home or helping his father.
At the age of 14 he started working outside the home as a dealer in kilims, khorjins, juvals, felts, and all sorts of small utilitarian woven articles which he would obtain from villagers and nomads and sell to dealers. The dealers to whom he sold these pieces came from Kabul, Kunduz, and Mazar. They were mostly Persian-speaking Tajiks. In those days there were very few Turkoman rug dealers other than those marketing the products woven in their own homes.
Jora started dealing in carpets when he was 21 years old. It, of course, takes considerably more capital to deal in carpets than in the smaller utilitarian weavings which, especially at that time, were quite inexpensive. He made his first trip to Kabul 26 years ago when he was about 23 years old. At that time he saw Kabul as an incredible and fascinating place. He first saw foreigners there — tourists, government representatives, and dealers from America and Europe. As it was difficult for him and other northerners to contact foreigners directly, usually they would sell to the shop dealers; occasionally, by displaying their goods on the street, they were able to sell to tourists directly and realize a much better profit. For several years, Jora went back and forth between Akcha and Kabul in this way, usually staying in Kabul for about one month at a time.
The Russian Invasion
Like everyone else in Afghanistan, Jora was caught up in the Russian invasion and the war that followed. In the early period of the war, the fighting was especially intense in the North and around Akcha. During that time Jora was himself a Mujahit for about one year and a half, fighting in the northern region. He says that during that early stages of the war the Mujahideen had not yet organized themselves into chains of command, nor was there much structure of any kind; just any 20 or so acquaintances would get together, form a unit and fight as best they could. By this time, however, he had a family whose safety was in jeopardy and, realizing that he must somehow get them out of Afghanistan, he moved them to Kabul late in 1981. In this he was fortunate; many others who did not leave until somewhat later had to make the very long and arduous trek from the North over the rugged central part of Afghanistan, the Hindu Kush, then out to the dangerous plain around Ghazni, through Wardak and the frontier ranges, finally crossing into Pakistan south of Parachinar. Many thousands of families made this grueling trek of 700 kilometers or more. Jora and his family, however, were able to flee by a much shorter route over the border range northeast of Jalalabad. Arriving in Pakistan in early 1982, he settled his family first in a temporary camp near Kemalpur, then in another near Haripur, and finally, in 1983, in Haripur refugee camp.
In leaving Afghanistan, Jora and his family escaped with only the clothes they were wearing; they brought no household goods whatsoever. However, he did bring some kilims, carpets, and tent bands, which were extremely cheap in Afghanistan at the time as, in trying to leave, everyone was selling them for whatever price they could get. These he sold in Peshawar, making a good profit, and immediate got money to support his family. He started doing business in Pakistan right from the beginning, getting goods sent out of Afghanistan as he could. He sold wholesale in Peshawar and also would attend the weekly Juma bazaar in Islamabad where he sold to foreigners, diplomats and aid workers. He later took a small shop in Islamabad from which he sold both wholesale and retail whenever he could. His son Baz Mehmet now runs this shop.
Collaborating To Help Afghan Weavers
I met Jora in 1987 and we became close friends right away. As I already spoke Turkish, it was easy to pick up Turkmeni. While the entire Turkoman community in exile in Pakistan was very kind to me, Jora especially gave me immeasurable assistant in establishing my business there. We worked together for a year or so, dealing in the older stock goods that were still coming out of Afghanistan. In visiting the refugee camp where Jora and his family lived, I became acquainted with the Turkoman families who were weaving there. Recognizing the quality of their work and their diligence, I longed to see them have access to the materials that their skill merited. Having developed a familiarity with the vegetal dye revival in Turkey over several years of involvement there, I conceived the idea of applying this concept to the Turkoman weavers in exile.
Jora was enthusiastic about the idea from the beginning. Partially this was in anticipation of the carpets themselves, and the wonder and pleasure in developing a new carpet which recaptured all the subtle beauty of the carpets of his forebears, carpets with which he had occasionally been able to deal but only when lucky enough to find one that was affordable. At the same time, he realized the social potential of the project: work for the refugees at a somewhat better rate than the market, the opportunity for Ersari Turkoman weavers to relearn designs that were part of their heritage, and the chance for them to regain familiarity with the superior materials — handspun wool and vegetal dyes — used by their forebears.
Establishing the Ersari Project
Because of Jora's status with the Turkoman refugee community, he was a natural candidate for a job that involved coordinating a large number of people and enlisting their respect and cooperation. This was essential if we were to realize the ultimate purpose of the project: to achieve all of the aims previously stated as well as to generate a substantial profit for reinvestment in health, education, and other areas deemed necessary within the Turkoman community.
For almost five years, we worked together on this project and, I am happy to say, we accomplished many of our original objectives. The first two or three years were especially difficult for both of us as we struggled with many technical issues — dye stuffs, sources, color, wool, spinning and carding, weave, design. Happily, most of these issues were resolved, if not permanently at least in a fashion that lends credence to our original intent of recreating an authentic Ersari Turkoman carpet.
Still one of our initial objectives remains unfulfilled: to make use of the resources we have accumulated to make substantial infrastructural contributions to the Turkoman community. We realize that our status as a refugee population in Pakistan is transient; indeed, the consensus from all hands is that this era of exile in Pakistan is drawing to a close. Within the past year the welcome to all refugees from the Pakistani side has been wearing increasingly thin. Perceiving the war against Communism as being won, the Pakistanis have little patience or understanding of the myriad ethnic conflicts that continue to make Afghanistan a very unsafe place to live. From their side, no one is more eager to go home than the Turkomans, whose 12-year history in Pakistan has indeed been a case study of thriving amidst adversity. For the moment we bide our time, reluctant to expend our hard earned resources in a land of temporary exile, waiting for the situation in the north of Afghanistan to reach a state where people can return and live in safety.
Jora believes that when he and the other Turkomans return to the north of Afghanistan, when we move our project there, then he will make better rugs still. In his homeland, in the plains, mountains and valleys surrounding Akcha and Mazar-i-Sharif, he and his fellow Turkomans know the land, the sheep, the plants, the water — where and how all the necessary components of fine rugs can be found.
Well-Earned Pride of Product
On all of the rugs from our project, Jora has had the weavers weave in an inscription in Persian script stating the name of the weaving family, the place, and the date, always prefaced by Turkmen Mahajer or Turkoman refugee. One particularly beautiful carpet, taken from a 19th century Ersari ensi design, was woven in Jora's home and is inscribed Turkmen Mahajer Jora, Haripur Camp, 1370. Jora hopes one day soon to weave another carpet, of the same design, perhaps even more beautiful, with the inscription Turkmen Jora, Akcha, 13__.
There is hardly an instance where I have sat down to write with greater pleasure and anticipation of illuminating a subject well deserving of exposure. Contemporary rug literature and trade magazines are replete with accounts, observations, and promotions by rug producers living in the country of sale or distribution, be they originally of eastern or western birth. Most of these individuals spend 90 percent of their time in the respective countries of sale and, while undoubtedly having considerable input into the rugs that are produced, are often rather removed from the functional mechanics and day-to-day labor and struggle of making rugs. There are more than a few major rug producers who would be hard pressed to tie a knot, throw a weft, spin yarn, dye the colors they want, or finish and wash a rug properly by themselves.
Not so another group of people, people whom we may call the real rug producers, the local on-the-scene rug producers who follow the process through from start to finish. From among this group of people there are, of course, great variations in ability and artistry. The individuals to whom I pay tribute in this and in subsequent articles are those who have made extraordinary efforts and contributions to this field of endeavor and who have committed their lives, usually with a passion, to making beautiful rugs. They have been involved in every aspect of hands-on rug making and could do any of the tasks which are required to make good rugs.
These are people who have devoted their lives to rugs, rug making, and the rug business, who are known and respected within their own society and community, yet who would probably never normally come to the attention of the rug world at large. As people with whom I have worked closely, in most cases for a number of years, I owe a great deal to them for their persistence, hard work, and enthusiasm for and devotion to rug making. Jora Agha is the first real rug producer to be highlighted in my series of articles.
— February/March, 1993

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I attended my first VistaSquad meeting on Wednesday. Part of the evening was a very interesting talk from @ben_hall on IronRuby, which among many other things included how to use any .NET CLR libraries direct from your IronRuby script (running via the .NET DLR).
Whilst my example below is extremely trivial, it shows how you might make use of any existing libraries within your Ruby scripts. This same technique applies to any .NET libraries, whether they're custom, part of the framework, or created by your gran. I don't think I really need to sell it in – but I love the flexibility that this provides.
We can build that up into a class library and using IronRuby, manipulate the return of the method the same as though we had been running native ruby.
It's probably worth noting that IronRuby is still a way off from a 1.0 release, but it's already very usable and looking rather cool. Since it's on my recent //TODO list, I'll be doing a few more examples here – next time turning this one its head and executing your ruby scripts from within C#. In the meantime, you can check out Ben's set of slides from Wednesday on Slideshare.


!#*=?$@ and b_low_brown dapped this.
SheriffOG, OGBobbyJohnson and b_low_brown dapped this.
Ayyyee this shyt playa as fukk....I can get jiggy with this!
FruitOfTheVale and b_low_brown dapped this.
Blowdro Wilson and b_low_brown dapped this.


text:
NGI The Weekly Gas Market Report
NEB: Canada NatGas Producers 'In A Holding Pattern'
While natural gas prices have recovered to nearly $4.00/MMBtu, the National Energy Board (NEB) Thursday said Canadian gas producers are undertaking minimal drilling activity, as current prices do not cover the full costs of developing most prospects.
In NEB's "Short Term Natural Gas Deliverability 2013-2015," the federal regulator found that Canadian natural gas operations appear to be in a "holding pattern" due to low prices, aided by U.S. production, which continues to keep the North American natural gas market "well supplied."
Further, the board found that Canadian and U.S. operators that switched to developing more profitable oil and natural gas liquids (NGL) prospects from dry gas appear to be producing enough associated natural gas to extend this period of abundant North American gas deliverability. And as in the United States, the growth in NGL supply has reduced liquids prices and is "eroding some of the incentive behind drilling for wet gas."
Canadian producers "are not earning sufficient returns to attract additional equity investment" with current prices of around $3.00/MMBtu in Western Canada, said the NEB. The board projects annual Canadian gas prices could be C$3.60/gigajoule by 2015 and sustain drilling for liquids-rich gas, which could incentivize some return to dry gas drilling. Canadian natural gas deliverability would fall to 12.5 Bcf/d by 2015, down from 14.0 Bcf/d in 2012, according to projections.
The United States, noted the NEB, averaged 65.6 Bcf/d of marketable natural gas production in 2012, production was up 4% over 2011 and has been growing since 2005. "Increasing U.S. shale gas production is accommodating more of that country's requirements and reducing the need for imports from Canada."
The report also warned that producers shouldn't bank on this summer to boost gas demand as forecasts call for a departure from the above-normal summer temperatures of the last two years. "Record hot summer temperatures over the last two years resulted in high levels of natural gas use for electricity generation and U.S. gas consumption for 2012 set a new record high. However, more normal summer temperatures in the future may lower this key demand component and remove this upward driver in gas prices."
While gas priced below $4.00/MMBtu has displaced "significant amounts" of coal-fired electricity generation, "it is not clear enough" whether there will be enough switching to boost prices above $5.00/MMBtu, which is the price level the NEB believes is necessary to spark a significant return to natural gas drilling activity. "If unable to retain this demand, natural gas prices may remain between $3.00 and $4.00/MMBtu."
Another wrinkle in getting Canadian gas drilling back online comes from competition in the Appalachian Basin. The addition of pipeline capacity to deliver shale gas from drilled but previously unconnected wells in the Marcellus Shale in Pennsylvania and West Virginia is bringing forth additional deliverability into an already fully supplied North American market, displacing Canadian natural gas exports in the northeastern United States and some domestic sales in central Canada, noted NEB. Further displacement of Canadian gas also could occur from the developing Utica Shale in Ohio.
The NEB said the natural gas market has organically recalibrated itself in the past by either reducing exploration and production in an oversupplied market or raising prices and increasing operations when demand outpaces supplies, but the current cycle has a few more challenges. In addition to producing associated gas in pricier oil or NGL projects, the NEB said the sheer size of the shale gas opportunity encouraged industry to lease large acreages of land for future development, thereby creating the need to undertake widespread drilling and production to hold the leases.
There is also no quick fix for significantly increasing North American gas demand, the NEB said. Proposed liquefied natural gas (LNG) export facilities could provide large new gas demand, but they involve long lead times to obtain approvals, establish overseas markets and construct facilities. Other potential sources of major demand growth also are available, but they would also require years or decades to further develop to any meaningful scale, such as petrochemical industry capacity expansion from overseas locations, and widespread use of compressed natural gas or LNG to displace diesel and gasoline in transportation markets.
©Copyright 2013Intelligence Press Inc. All rights reserved. The preceding news reportmay not be republished or redistributed, in whole or in part, in anyform, without prior written consent of Intelligence Press, Inc.
Related topics: Consent Energy Form Have Minimal National Nearly Part Prior Recovered Redistributed Thursday Undertaking Whole Without Written


If you ever get a chance to visit Mexico, Tepoztlan is a must see pueblo in the State of Morelos. I got a chance to paint this mural in a prehispanic restaurant there. The food is created by Ruby and Arturo. They are both chefs that use indigenous ingredients from the region, specifically the mountains surrounding Tepoztlan. The food is amazing. They specialize in vegan tacos using vegetables and herbs from the mountains.


NEW YORK — The ball jumped off the bat with a sound and fury that's become plenty familiar around these Yankee parts, but unlike so many of the amazing things Aaron Judge has done so far this baseball season, there were two new reasons to rise to immediate attention at the crack of Sunday afternoon's third-inning swing.
First, the Yankees had loaded the bases against Oakland starter Andrew Triggs, setting Judge up for what would become the first grand slam of his nascent major league career. Second, as the 6-foot-7, 282-pound behemoth uncoiled his massive arms to cash in on his latest date with baseball destiny, the ball seemed destined for a certain, perfect corner of the right field seats.
"I try not to think about it," a sheepish Judge would insist later, the laughter that preceded his delayed answer belying any notion he wasn't completely aware where the ball was headed. That would be Section 104, only recently redecorated to become The Judge's Chambers, the three rows of familiar blue folding seats nestled inside dark wooden panels that play host to hand-picked fans arriving at games replete with their Judge No. 99 jerseys or black robe and white wigs worn in homage to him.
In the end, the ball landed a bit short of Judge's Chambers, but in the aftermath of a 9-5 Yankees win, in the glow of another successful home stand and from the perch of a first-place seat, none of that mattered. The Yankees continue to ride an enviable mix of veteran grit and youthful exuberance to the top of the American League East standings, and no one represents how it's all come together better than the second-year outfielder Judge, who now finds himself greeted by regular chants of M-V-P when he takes his turn at bat or takes his place in right field.
He was most certainly the team's most valuable asset Sunday, turning a 2-1 deficit into a 5-2 lead with one swing, picking up teammates Starlin Castro, who'd struck out in the at-bat just before Judge, and Michael Pineda, who settled calmly into his sixth victory after being provided a cushion.
Judge's position in the Yankee lineup has become increasingly important as this season moves toward the long summer months, but after a stretch of six games without a home run or RBI, he seemed to need a game like this, a 2-for-4, four-RBI afternoon in which he could see the results of his own adjustments.
When he does, it's a sight to behold. Not many hitters check into a baseball game at Judge's size — most have fled to football fields or basketball courts by now. But this is a guy who chose to continue playing baseball despite being an outstanding wide receiver, too, a guy who loves this national pastime enough to barely think of what might have been.
That doesn't stop the rest of us, though.
And extremely popular. Judge has emerged as the next-generation Yankee star. He's been compared to Babe Ruth. And to Derek Jeter. He's graced the cover of Sports Illustrated. He's gone incognito on "The Tonight Show," to hilarious ends. He's always smiling, flashing a gap-toothed grin reminiscent of another area sporting legend (we're looking at you, Michael Strahan), and always deferential. His answers Sunday to hearing MVP chants and football comparisons were nearly identical to what he had to say about nearly landing a ball in his own right field chambers.
The ruling here says he's doing pretty well so far.


The GPhC expects pharmacy professionals to use good judgement and behave professionally when using social media.
Social media is a powerful way for pharmacy professionals to collaborate with their peers, colleagues and the general public.
But it can blur the boundaries between personal and professional use – always think about the expectations and perceptions of patients, colleagues, and employers.
Remember that anything you say online can be easily copied and redistributed, and can be taken out of context. This can affect public confidence and trust in pharmacy professionals.
Be prepared to challenge poor behaviours and raise concerns with appropriate individuals or organisations when needed.
The National Pharmacy Association has issued advice on social media for its members.


A Detroit cop is in hot water after making offensive remarks about Beyonce's Super Bowl 50 halftime performance and her backup dancers. A sergeant for the Detroit Police Department posted a photo on Facebook contrasting the singer's dancers with an image of the Ku Klux Klan in what can only be assumed as a swipe at the Black Panthers-inspired imagery.
Chief Craig went on to add that the sergeant's post was "problematic" and noted that the force oversees a city that is 80 percent African-American. The post has been removed and an apology went up in its place.
Beyonce's performance has prompted impassioned responses from detractors who were initially angered by the singer's recent "Formation" video and their perception that it promoted violence against police. White feminists also called out the video for what they perceived as a dividing line in their movement.
Furthermore, groups have been forming across the country to protest the performance. A large protest is planned for Feb. 16 at the NFL's New York headquarters.


text:
Q: How to open file with unsupported file extension using Java Code via the Desktop? I have a program which reads in a file path or URI and launches what ever the file or URI via the Desktop.  The problem i'm running in to is unsupported file extensions.  The odd thing is the error I get when it fails to open the file isnt what I would expect.  The error reads
java.io.IOException: Failed to open file:/C:/Users/angel/Desktop/test.test. Error message: Access is denied.

at sun.awt.windows.WDesktopPeer.ShellExecute(WDesktopPeer.java:77)
at sun.awt.windows.WDesktopPeer.open(WDesktopPeer.java:54)
at java.awt.Desktop.open(Desktop.java:272)
at desktopopenfile.DesktopOpenFile.openFile(DesktopOpenFile.java:24)
at desktopopenfile.DesktopOpenFile.main(DesktopOpenFile.java:15)

I would think the error would be more along the lines of file extension unsupported.  I can verify the file extension in the other program that feeds the database which this supports but I was wondering if there was a way to allow the user to pick an application to open an unsupported file with.
My ideal solution would work similar to when you attempt to open an unsupported file in windows it ask you what program you'd like to use to open it or search the web.  I would have been good if I had gotten that option using my code below.  The idea is I want to be able to open any file type via a URI or file path.  Currently my code works with .pdf, .xml, .pptx, and word files. Any suggestions would be awesome.
 /**
 * Checks if a file or URI is included in the message and if so opens it via
 * the Desktop
 */
private void checkMessage() {
    // check to make sure the data model and time model are set
    if (dataModel == null || timeModel == null) {
        return;
    }

    int selectedIndex = jTable.convertRowIndexToModel(jTable.getSelectedRow());
    if (selectedIndex != -1) {
        IntData intData = dataModel.getData(selectedIndex);
        IceData iceData = ((IceData) intData);
        if (iceData != null) {
            if (iceData.getMessage() != null) {
                String message = iceData.getMessage();
                if (message != null) {
                    if (message.contains("file://")) {
                        String path = message.substring(message.lastIndexOf("/") + 1, message.indexOf(" ", message.lastIndexOf("/")));
                        openFile(path);
                    }
                    else if (message.contains("uri://")) {
                        try {
                            URI uri = new URI(message.substring(message.indexOf("/") + 2, message.indexOf(" ", message.lastIndexOf("/"))));
                            openURI(uri);
                        }
                        catch (IOException | URISyntaxException ex) {
                            Logger.getLogger(IceDataListPanel.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, "Failed to open URI: {0}", ex.getMessage());
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

/**
 * Opens the file given the path
 *
 * @param path to the file
 */
private void openFile(String path) {
    try {
        File file = new File(path);

        if (file.exists()) {
            if (Desktop.isDesktopSupported()) {
                Desktop.getDesktop().open(file);
            }
            else {
                System.out.println("Awt Desktop is not supported");
            }
        }
        else {
            System.out.println("File Does not Exist");
        }
    }
    catch (IOException ex) {
        Logger.getLogger(IceDataListPanel.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, "Failed to open file: {0}", ex.getMessage());
    }
}

/**
 * Opens the URI given the URI
 *
 * @param path to the file
 */
private void openURI(URI uri) throws IOException {
    if (Desktop.isDesktopSupported()) {
        Desktop.getDesktop().browse(uri);
    }
    else {
        System.out.println("Awt Desktop is not supported");
    }
}

A: I get the standard OS dialog asking for an application (with Java 7 and Windows 8). If you get access denied, it is probably because the user running the Java program has no right to open the file.

Test app:
public class DesktopOpenFile {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        openFile("huhu.orttr");
    }

    private static void openFile(String path) {
        try {
            File file = new File(path);

            if (file.exists()) {
                if (Desktop.isDesktopSupported()) {
                    Desktop.getDesktop().open(file);
                }
                else {
                    System.out.println("Awt Desktop is not supported");
                }
            }
            else {
                System.out.println("DesktopOpenFile::openFile: file = " + file.getAbsolutePath() + (file.exists() ? " - exists" : " - does not exist!"));
            }
        }
        catch (IOException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

A: You might be interested in JDIC file type associations.
AssociationService serv = new AssociationService();
Association logassoc = serv.getFileExtensionAssociation("LOG"); // .log ?
if (logassoc == null) {
    return; // .log not a registered file type.
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Acting quickly when someone is having a stroke can make a big difference. Prompt emergency can help to reduce the risk of long-term disability or death, so learning the signs and symptoms can help prepare you to take the immediate action needed to minimize the negative impact of a stroke. Knowing when to call 911 can save the life of a stroke victim, whether it is your own life or the life of someone else.
A stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted. Without adequate blood flow, the brain cells begin to die in that area and the whole body can be affected. There are two main types of stroke: an ischemic stroke is due to blockage of an artery and a hemorrhagic stroke is caused by a blood vessel rupture. A transient ischemic attack, or mini stroke, is a temporary blockage in an artery. They increase your risk for stroke, but don't usually cause permanent damage themselves. Stroke is a leading cause of death and long-term disability in the United States, so recognizing the signs and symptoms and knowing how to respond is important.
F – Face drooping: Is the face drooping or numb on one side? Ask the person to smile and look to see if their smile appears uneven or lopsided.
A – Arm weakness: Is one of the arms numb or weak? Ask the person to lift both arms and watch to see if one arm drifts downward.
S – Speech difficulty: Is the person's speech slurred, strange or hard to understand? Ask them to repeat a simple sentence such as "the sky is blue" and listen to whether they can repeat the words correctly.
T – Time to call 911: If someone shows any of the above symptoms, call 911 immediately and tell them you suspect a stroke.
If you notice someone experiencing any of these symptoms, alone or in combination with FAST symptoms, call 911 immediately to get help.
If you observe any of the above signs and symptoms of stroke, even if the symptoms go away, it is important to call 911 immediately. Even if someone only has one of the above symptoms, you should seek medical help right away. If you are unsure, it is better to call 911 anyway. Don't try to drive someone with stroke symptoms to the hospital yourself, call 911 and let the emergency medical personnel handle the situation so they can begin treatment on the way to the hospital. Note the time you first noticed the symptoms and give the information to the emergency medical personnel when they arrive. They use this information to help determine the most appropriate course of action when providing treatment.
Your doctor can create a treatment plan to try to deal with these symptoms. Working with your doctor and following the treatment plan after a stroke is important because your risk of stroke increases after experiencing one.
Educate your friends and family about FAST.
Keep your updated medical history close by.
Keep a copy of your current medications with you.
Have an emergency contacts list on your phone.
Teach children how to call 911.
Every minute counts when someone is experiencing a stroke. Knowing the signs and symptoms and acting FAST can help to reduce damage to the brain and makes the person less likely to suffer long-term disability or death. Understanding your risk of stroke and taking steps to prepare and prevent one help minimize your risk. Taking time to learn about stroke can help protect you and your family and friends from the damage caused by this disease.
Schedule an appointment to talk to your doctor to talk about risk factors and other medical conditions you may have and how they may increase your risk of a stroke. Our team of healthcare professional can work with you to develop a comprehensive plan to help manage your risk.


The intent of this page is to give a high level overview of the project, directed to upper management, financial backers, etc. Should be limited to one page. A good bit of this information will be summarized from the BP, so don't overdo it, except where changes have occurred..
Narrative of what the system does or is supposed to do. Identify processes and functions, both automated and manual, that are being replaced or eliminated as a result of this project.
If no changes from the BP, include hypertext link to the proper target in BP.HTM.
If you have names at this time, include them and any e-mail addressses or contact information.
Hardware platform. This may or may not be important.
This is important no matter what. If the development is to be platform-independent, that's an extremely important design criterion that can get overlooked if it's not spelled out.
Languages selected for the project, and for what each language was selected.
Was an external database engine used? If so, what? Why? Is it portable, or is that not a consideration?
What is the topology to be used. Is this app to be limited to a single machine? LAN? WAN? Internet-enabled?
List specific development tools not otherwise listed.
What else will you need to implement and support this program? Object Brokers?


Another week of whisky down and we are 5 drams away from Malt Mission #200. Crazy. Exciting. Dangerous? Looking forward. Thanks for reading.
Clynelish. (Calvin) KLEIN - (dog) LEASH. Depending my mood this distillery is often my answer to the unavoidable question, "What is your favourite whisky?" If in a less decisive mood I might say, "Distilleries north of Inverness: Glenmorangie, Dalmore, Balblair, Pulteney, Clynelish and Brora, etc." And if I am being difficult I will answer, "What day is it today?"
Built in 1819 and suffering a stop-start syndrome many distilleries underwent due to financial constraints, in 1931 the economic recession forced Clynelish to close. Production restarted in September 1938, only to shut down from May 1941 until November 1945 because of restrictions on the supply of barley to distillers during the Second World War.
In the 1960's Clynelish was modernised when electricity was installed and stills which had been direct-heated by coal furnaces were converted to internal steam coil heating. Clynelish was replaced by a new distillery built on an adjacent site in 1967-68. The six stills in the new distillery were run on the most up to date lines, while retaining the traditional still and the original water source (the Clynemilton Burn) ensured that the quality of Clynelish whisky remained unchanged. The "old-Clynelish" was renamed Brora when it began producing a peated style in 1969 to provide that character profile to Johnnie Walker blends. It was finally closed in 1983 and is much sought after by (wealthy) whisky lovers. Believe me, I would participate if I could... the stuff was DE-LI-CIOUS. At £85-£200 a pop, I will have to choose a roof over my head instead.
This is another release from the Single Malts of Scotland who were awarded with a few medals in this month's Independent Bottlers Challenge in Whisky Magazine. This is one of 409 bottles from a small batch vatting of two "complimentary casks". For all Single Malts of Scotland tasted on the mission click HERE, and for more info and/or other Clynelish tasted on the mission click HERE.
I cannot hold back my delight, old (any?) Clynelish gets my heart racing. Apples, peaches, apricots, vanilla, and smoked paprika. Creamy features so common in Clynelish: marshmallows, Cool Whip, etc. Aromas of baked goods, more fruits, spice, and smoke.
As objective as I tried to be, I think my feelings were made clear above. Perfect abv% for drinking, absolutely luscious flavours delivered in a slightly edgy style, honeyed and spiced and very Clynelish. Someone please put this on my Christmas wish list?


Quick-y-Clean | Blog | Jersey Village Pressure Washing - Goodbye Mold!
Mildew, Mold, and Algae... be Gone!
First, we pressure washed the driveway with water only because it needed an acid wash to remove some extreme discoloration caused by nearby foliage. Who said old things can't be beautiful?
On the fence, we used a light bleach to get it lookin' fresh and clean, and then we topped that off with a 1 year preventative that's guaranteed to stop mold, mildew, and algae from returning. The fence looks brand new again and definitely not 5 years old like it actually is!
And now for the best part… the gutters. Our customer had tried over the years to clean his gutters by hand scrubbing them with soap and bleach… but nothing has ever worked. Fortunately for him, his gutters were no match for us. Our products worked like a charm and made them look a healthy brand new white again. You can imagine how happy he was, and how happy we were to be able to help him out.
Our professional power washing teams only use the highest quality and safest products and methods to get your home clean and you happy. Despite our name, quality of service and your satisfaction are our most important objectives. Call or Email us today to set an appointment and experience the Quick-y-Clean difference for yourself.
Questions or comments? Call us at (832) 305-0942 or leave a message below.
Don't see your area on the list? Give us a shout! We can probably arrange it.


Fabulous black/gold glazed design full face lightweight mask with closed mouth, has black/gold braid decoration and diamante above the eyes..
Choice of Headband or black ribbon tie.
NOT SURE? THEN CHOOSE RIBBONS AND HEADBAND and CUT OFF WHAT YOU DONT WANT.


Foster + Partners has revealed ambitious plans for the firm's Dubai office - which looks at the wider Middle East - to eventually become a design studio.
During the architecture giant's first exhibition in Dubai, Gerard Evenden, head of studio at Foster + Partners, told Middle East Architect: "Ultimately we want the Dubai office to be a design office.We are putting in the basic infrastructure at the moment to get that up and running but we want to be here and we want to grow. So it's not just a business team office.
"For us it's about coming here and finding projects and getting those projects," he added.
Foster + Partners currently has offices in various parts of the world, from cities like San Francisco, Hong Kong, and New York - each with over 40 employees - in addition to its main London office.
"We have begun to make those design offices and the interesting thing now with the new technologies that are available - with video conferencing and interactive screens - we are able to work simultaneously in London, Hong Kong, and in the States," he said.
The firm already has an extensive portfolio of projects in the Middle East, both completed and under construction, including the Apple store Dubai Mall, Seven Gardens, Masdar City, and Index Tower. View more projects by Foster + Partners in the Middle East here.
Foster + Partner's first architecture exhibition in Dubai showcased the firm's various projects that highlight sustainable design solutions and a human-centric approach.
Created in association with Dubai Design District, 'The Art of Sustainable Architecture' exhibition featured large-scale models, photographs, drawings, and film that illustrated the depth of research and analysis that goes into designing complex buildings that respond to context, end-users, and culture.
During the exhibition, Evenden, also confirmed that the firm's master plan for the second phase of the Dubai Design District is currently on hold, adding that there is still hope that the "project restarts".


text:
Q: using multiple if statements in function Here is my code:
ac = a + c
bd = b + d

indices = random.sample(range(len(ac)),len(ac))
ac = list(map(ac.__getitem__, indices))
bd = list(map(bd.__getitem__, indices))

with open('DD{}.csv'.format(fileName), 'w') as f:
    writer = csv.writer(f, delimiter=',')
    writer.writerow(['trial','target location',' source target',' source distractor','target','rt'])

    for i in range(len(ac)):

        loc = [1, 2]
        location = random.choice(loc)
        if location == 1:
            pos1 = [.05,.05]
            pos2 = [-.05, -.05]
        else:
            pos1 = [-.05, -.05]
            pos2 = [.05, .05]

        distractorstim = visual.ImageStim(win=win, pos=pos1, size=[0.5,0.5])
        distractorstim.autoDraw = True
        targetstim = visual.ImageStim(win=win, pos=pos2, size=[0.5,0.5])
        targetstim.autoDraw = True

        targetstim.image = ac[i]
        distractorstim.image = bd[i]
        win.flip()
        trialClock.reset()
        core.wait(.05)
        rt = trialClock.getTime()
        for el in ac:
            if el in a:
                target = 'congruent'
            else:
                target = 'incongruent'

    writer.writerow([i,location,ac[i],bd[i],target,rt])

So what this code does it it logs a bunch of information about a stimulus into an excel file. However, when I try to use the element function ('if el') to log data that is from list 'a', it will only log the last value repetitively. If I move the element function  I can get it to log for each trial, but it will only log the last value for all everything else. Any idea how I might fix this? Any advice will be greatly appreciated. :)

A: In the last for loop, you set target in each loop iteration, so only the last iteration will  determine the value of target.
maybe something like:
target = None
for el in ac:
    if el in a:
        target = 'congruent'
if target is None:
        target = 'incongruent'

A: Changing:
 for el in ac:
        if el in a:
            target = 'congruent'
        else:
            target = 'incongruent'

to:
    if ac[i] in a:
        target = 'congruent'
    else:
        target = 'incongruent'

Seemed to do the trick, thank you to everyone who commented. :)


In the "Golden Age of Surveillance," are limits on government data collection really enough to protect privacy? Is mass surveillance inevitable? In the past, there was a "wall" between intelligence agencies and law enforcement. This separation protected Americans from being prosecuted for crimes unrelated to national security with information swept up in intelligence operations. But, in a post-9/11 world, government is increasingly blurring the lines between the NSA and your local police department. Evan is joined by Jake Laperruque, Privacy Fellow at the Constitution Project. They discuss proposed limitations on how government uses data after they're collected. Is a chain link fence the sensible alternative to a wall? For more, see Jake's paper.


text:
/**
 *
 * Emerald (kbi/elude @2012-2015)
 *
 * object_manager_directory is an object which can encapsulate:
 *
 * - Other directories
 * - Items
 *
 * Main limitation is that directories must not share their names, just as items (although these
 * two namespaces are not shared, so it's okay for a file to be named just like a directory located
 * in the same directory as the file in question).
 *
 * Directories and directory items are NOT tracked by object manager.
 */
#ifndef OBJECT_MANAGER_DIRECTORY_H
#define OBJECT_MANAGER_DIRECTORY_H

#include "system/system_types.h"

/** Creates a new object_manager_directory instance, represented by user-provided name. This function DOES NOT
 *  attach the directory to any registry path, hence not exported.
 *
 *  @param system_hashed_ansi_string Name the directory should be represented with.
 *
 *  @return object_manager_directory instance or NULL if failed
 */
PUBLIC object_manager_directory object_manager_directory_create(system_hashed_ansi_string name);

/** Recreates a directory structure defined by @param system_hashed_ansi_string. The string is treated as a path,
 *  therefore if it contains an item's name, the name will be ignored.
 *
 *  @param object_manager_directory  Root directory, in which the hierarchy will be recreated.
 *  @param system_hashed_ansi_string Directory hierarchy to recreate.
 *
 *  @return true if successful, false otherwise.
 */
PUBLIC bool object_manager_directory_create_directory_structure(object_manager_directory,
                                                                system_hashed_ansi_string);

/** Removes a sub-directory, located in a directory passed in the first argument. If the sub-directory contains any items,
 *  these items are also going to be removed.
 *
 *  This function does not work for multi-level paths.
 *
 *  @param object_manager_directory  Directory the path defined by @param system_hashed_ansi_string is relative to.
 *  @param system_hashed_ansi_string Name of the directory subject to removal.
 *
 *  @return true if successful, false otherwise.
 * */
PUBLIC EMERALD_API bool object_manager_directory_delete_directory(object_manager_directory,
                                                                  system_hashed_ansi_string);

/** Removes an item from a given path, relative to directory passed in the first argument.
 *
 *  @param object_manager_directory  Directory the file defined by @param system_hashed_ansi_string is located in.
 *  @param system_hashed_ansi_string Name of the item to be removed.
 *
 *  @return true if successful, false otherwise.
 */
PUBLIC EMERALD_API bool object_manager_directory_delete_item(object_manager_directory,
                                                             system_hashed_ansi_string);

/** Extracts item name and path parts from a registry path.
 *
 *  @param system_hashed_ansi_string  Registration path to use.
 *  @param system_hashed_ansi_string* Deref will be used to store the path part. Cannot be null.
 *  @param system_hashed_ansi_string* Deref will be used to store the item name part. Cannot be null.
 *
 *  @return true if successful, false otherwise.
 */
PUBLIC EMERALD_API bool object_manager_directory_extract_item_name_and_path(system_hashed_ansi_string  registration_path,
                                                                            system_hashed_ansi_string* out_item_path,
                                                                            system_hashed_ansi_string* out_item_name);

/** Retrieves raw pointer to an object described by a name located relative to @param object_manager_directory directory.
 *
 *  @param object_manager_directory  Directory object, corresponding to a directory in which the seeked item is located.
 *  @param system_hashed_ansi_string Name of the item to retrieve the raw pointer for.
 *
 *  @return object_manager_item instance if successful, NULL otherwise.
 **/
PUBLIC EMERALD_API object_manager_item object_manager_directory_find_item(object_manager_directory,
                                                                          system_hashed_ansi_string);

/** TODO */
PUBLIC EMERALD_API object_manager_item object_manager_directory_find_item_recursive(object_manager_directory,
                                                                                system_hashed_ansi_string);

/** Retrieves object_manager_directory object for a sub-directory, located in @param object_manager_directory user-provided directory.
 *
 *  This function does not work for multi-level paths. If you need one, use object_manager_directory_find_subdirectory_recursive().
 *
 *  @param object_manager_directory  Directory object, in which to look for the sub-directory.
 *  @param system_hashed_ansi_string Name of the sub-directory to look for.
 *
 *  @return object_manager_directory instance if successful, NULL otherwise.
 **/
PUBLIC EMERALD_API object_manager_directory object_manager_directory_find_subdirectory(object_manager_directory,
                                                                                system_hashed_ansi_string);

/** Retrieves object_manager_directory object for a sub-directory, located in @param object_manager_directory user-provided directory.
 *
 *  This function works for multi-level paths.
 *
 *  @param object_manager_directory  Directory object, in which to look for the sub-directory.
 *  @param system_hashed_ansi_string Name of the sub-directory to look for.
 *
 *  @return object_manager_directory instance if successful, NULL otherwise.
 **/
PUBLIC EMERALD_API object_manager_directory object_manager_directory_find_subdirectory_recursive(object_manager_directory,
                                                                                system_hashed_ansi_string);

/** Retrieves a summed amount of directories and items stored in a given directory.
 *
 *  @param object_manager_directory Directory to query for the information.
 *
 *  @return Amount of directories and items in the directory.
 **/
PUBLIC EMERALD_API uint32_t object_manager_directory_get_amount_of_children_for_directory(object_manager_directory);

/** Retrieves amount of subdirectories stored in a given directory.
 *
 *  @param object_manager_directory Directory to query for the information.
 *
 *  @return Amount of subdirectories in the directory.
 */
PUBLIC EMERALD_API uint32_t object_manager_directory_get_amount_of_subdirectories_for_directory(object_manager_directory);

/** Retrieves name of a directory.
 *
 *  @param obejct_manager_directory Instance to retrieve the name for.
 *
 *  @return Hashed ansi string with the name
 */
PUBLIC EMERALD_API system_hashed_ansi_string object_manager_directory_get_name(object_manager_directory);

/** Retrieves sub-directory at given index.
 *
 *  @param object_manager_directory Root directory.
 *  @param uint32_t                 Directory index (indexing starts at 0)
 *
 *  @return object_manager_directory Sub-directory object, if found. NULL otherwise
 */
PUBLIC EMERALD_API object_manager_directory object_manager_directory_get_subdirectory_at(object_manager_directory,
                                                                                uint32_t);

/** Retrieves sub-item at given index.
 *
 *  @param object_manager_directory     Root directory.
 *  @param uint32_t                     Item index (indexing starts at 0)
 *  @param object_manager_item*         Deref will be used to store result object_manager_item instance. Cannot be null.
 *
 *  @return true if successful, false otherwise.
 */
PUBLIC EMERALD_API bool object_manager_directory_get_subitem_at(object_manager_directory,
                                                                uint32_t                 index,
                                                                object_manager_item*     out_item);

/** Inserts a new item in @param object_manager_directory directory object.
 *
 *  @param object_manager_directory  Directory object, in which a new item should be stored.
 *  @param object_manager_item       Item to store.
 *
 *  @return true if successful, false otherwise.
 **/
PUBLIC EMERALD_API bool object_manager_directory_insert_item(object_manager_directory directory,
                                                             object_manager_item      item);

/** Inserts a new sub-directory in @param object_manager_directory directory object.
 *
 *  @param object_manager_directory Directory object, in which a new sub-directory should be created.
 *  @param object_manager_directory Sub-directory object, which should be placed in the directory.
 *
 *  @return true if successful, false otherwise.
 **/
PUBLIC EMERALD_API bool object_manager_directory_insert_subdirectory(object_manager_directory,
                                                                     object_manager_directory);

/** Release a directory object instance. The object should not be accessed after calling the function.
 *
 *  @param object_manager_directory Directory object instance to release.
 **/
PUBLIC void object_manager_directory_release(object_manager_directory);

/** TODO */
PUBLIC void object_manager_directory_set_verbose_mode( bool);

#endif /* OBJECT_MANAGER_DIRECTORY_H */

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Carine Thevenau is a visual art who has made photography her life. Since her first encounter with photography in primary school, Carine has studied at both high school & university levels, worked as a commercial photographer & created her own personal art based practice.
Her most recent project "Seasonal Abandonment of Imaginary Worlds" documents the deserted playgrounds that appear during the winter months in Japan.
The collection of large scale prints are being exhibited as part of the Sydney Design Festival as well as a limited edition book, published through Editions Publishing.
A special run of Forgiving Grief Series by Ilona Nelson - all proceeds donated towards the Asylum Seekers Resource Centre, sponsored by us!
Rhiannon Slatter is a photographer that has been working within the Architecture and Interior industries for over 10 years now.
Darcy Tuppens is a photographer that has a passion for documenting the great outdoors.
Bob Munro is a photgrapher that discovered his passion for photography later in life.
Kirsten Bresciani is a visual artist who has travelled the world working for a number of photographers, and creating work for publications.
David Curelea is a Melbourne based photographer who specialises in photo-documentry style images.
Robbie Rowlands is a visual artist that works in contemporary sculpture.
Andrew Marlton (First Dog on the Moon) is the resident cartoonist at The Guardian newspaper.
Alexander Stitt is one of Australias most beloved artists, best know for best known for the beloved Norm from the 'Life. Be in it' campaign.


text:
Listen with your eyes
About EuroArts
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Save The Date 2022 - Catalogue
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DVD and Blu-ray Disc releases on EuroArts Music bring to the screen the best that the classical music world has to offer, with operatic and concert recordings by world-renowned artists.
Choral Music / Vocal
Under 30 min
More than 90 min
Prometheus - Musical Variations on a Myth
The mythological figure of Prometheus symbolizes the creativity of man – and Claudio Abbado took this symbol as the Leitmotif of this very unique concert recording: An exploration of the Prometheus myth through the works of four composers…
Total running time
A Flight through the Orchestra
Ready for a new Brahms? This version of Brahms second symphony has been filmed in one long, continuous shot in each movement with the camera capturing the perspective of each musician and instrument. The completely new sound design enhances whichever…
Divas & Diamonds - Danish National Symphony Orchestra
Turn back in time to the era of black-and-white movies where stars like Marilyn Monroe, Judy Garland and Audrey Hepburn let us dream from Divas & Diamonds with their unforgettable voices and expressiveness. 1. Diamonds Are A Girl's Best Friend (3:26)…
Fly Me To The Moon – Curtis Stigers with the Danish Radio Big Band
The Danish Radio Big Band has joined forces with Curtis Stigers to celebrate the iconic legendary Frank Sinatra concerts that took place at The Sands Hotel in Las Vegas. The concert presents the most beloved evergreens from the American songbook of…
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This week, we'll discuss hand surgery with Dr. Amanda Dempsey of DeKalb Medical Physicians Group.
Dr. Amanda Dempsey joined our practice in September of 2015. She has specialty training in hand and microsurgery of the hand, wrist, forearm and elbow. Dr. Dempsey treats a variety of injuries and conditions of the hand and upper extremity including trauma, fractures, amputations, arthritis, peripheral nerve compression, as well as vascular conditions.
Dr. Dempsey is a board eligible orthopaedic hand surgeon who recently completed a fellowship in hand and microvascular surgery at the world renowned Christine M. Kleinert Institute for Hand and Microsurgery in Louisville, KY. Prior to that, she completed her orthopaedic training at the University of Kentucky in Lexington, KY. She graduated from the Medical College of Georgia in 2009 and prior to that she earned a BS in microbiology with a minor in German from the University of Georgia. Dr. Dempsey has professional affiliations with the American Association for Orthopaedic Surgery, the American Society for Surgery of the Hand and the Ruth Jackson Orthopaedic Society. She is on the Diversity Committee within the American Society for Surgery of the Hand.
Dr. Dempsey is an Atlanta native, and she was born at DeKalb Medical Center. She grew up in Stone Mountain and attended Chamblee High School with Dr. Huttmann. She is married and has a son and two dogs. In her spare time (of which there is very little) she enjoys spending time with her family, cooking, exercising and playing the violin.


Company: Triangle Air Care, Inc.
Position available for a highly motivated and qualified HVAC Technician. Must be able to troubleshoot and repair Residential and Light Commercial equipment. Have excellent work ethics, hard working and open minded to learning more things in the HVAC Industry to further their careers. A clean driving record and the ability to work with the public is a must. Paying top dollar to the right candidate including health insurance, IRA, vacation and holidays along with a company vehicle. Must also be EPA certified and registered with the State of Texas.


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After her mother dies, Melanie must live at boarding house for girls until she is of age. If only the place wasn't haunted and the caretaker's daughter, Ruby, wasn't so darn determined to show Melanie the house's deepest secrets. When secrets are deadly, only the light can save you.
Welcome to Wicked Grove, where magic runs wild. Hayden didn't plan on being contaminated during a routine extermination of a rogue wolf pack. He didn't count on it changing everything he believed ties humans and supernaturals together.


Atlantic Services, Inc. A company you can trust.
Atlantic Services, Inc. providing top rated service, repair and system replacement for your air conditioning, heating, and indoor air quality systems for 25 years.
Spring is coming and it's time to think about your air conditioner. Going into the summer, the demands that you are about to place on your HVAC system will be pretty high. You need your air conditioner to be in peak performance, ensuring the most cost-effective and comfort-oriented summer you can get!
A spring maintenance service ensures that your system remains in peak condition, extending its lifespan, and increasing its efficiency dramatically. Contact us today to work with a company that's dedicated to ensuring your complete satisfaction with our services. Call 770-729-0909 or message us on here with any questions or to schedule your spring maintenance service.
Safety is the most important reason to have your heating system serviced. Keeping our home comfortable and your energy bills in check, is the second reason. Don't delay- time is money and the safety of your home and family is top priority. Schedule a spring saftey and efficiency tune up today.
Furnace heat is warm, but it is also drying out the air in your home. Dry air can cause many problems. Floor and molding cracks are two visable results from too dry air. Also the qualty of the air you breath can be affected, extremely dry air can cause skin issues, sore throat, nose bleeds and other discomforts. Whole house humidification helps ease these conditions. Atlantic Services, has the right humidifier for your specific needs.
really good reviews, check some out!
Thanks to our wonderful customers and their gracious referrals we will continue providing the personal, professional, and technical service you desire and deserve.
We are celebrating our 25th year in business! We founded the company in February of 1993- and at the end of the day it is your continued support and kind words that keep us going.
Thank you from all of us at Atlantic Services, Inc.


Successful candidates will have a degree in computer science and at least two years of experience using UNIX, MS Office, Win 9.x, NT, 2000, and XP.
Rogue started as a Unix server software test, but kept growing and gaining sophistication until it made it to the personal computer in 1984.
You can host your website on a Windows PC (probably your easiest solution) as well as other computers loaded with Mac OS, UNIX and Linux.
In other words, you want to be able to play an Internet game regardless of whether you are sitting at a PC, a Mac or a Unix workstation.
The UNIX architecture is harder to crack, but it is done every day and there are viruses out there for the Mac.
Jefferson's high opinion of Du Pont was shown in using him in 1802 to convey to Bonaparte unofficially a threat against the French occupation of Louisiana; and also, earlier, in requesting him to prepare a scheme of national education, which was published in 1800 under the title Sur l'education nationale dans les Etats-Unix d'Amerique.


text: Q: Display Authenticated User in HTML page I have a HTML page hosted on my internal network for some basic information. Its a static HTML page hosted on IIS as an Website. I have Windows Authentication enabled and Anonymous Authentication disabled. My default document is index.html. I am trying to display the authenticated user after logging in. I don't have a test as everything I have found mentions the use of PHP files or js scripts, but I only have the index.html file. Is this possible at all, or do I need to look at alternatives?


The Msingi Poa Education Plan is a Britam product that provides an annual income for payment of education expenses while offering insurance protection.
Four (4) guaranteed cash payouts in the last four years of the policy term, each equal to 100% of the sum assured.
A lump sum cash payout on death equal to 100% of the sum assured.
In the event of death of the policy owner, premium payment stops.
The guaranteed cash payouts will be paid out in the last four years of the policy term.
Premiums are not payable in the last three (3) years of the policy term.
The policy term is between 8 years and 22 years.
The policy is eligible for personal income tax relief.
This policy offers flexibility with the option to take it with or without the added medical benefit, as well as added benefits as illustrated below to the premiums.
For more information on this product click here to download 'The Msingi Poa Education Plan' brochure or kindly contact us or visit any one of our branches.


text:
Operation Honour: Canadian Forces Launches 8 Sexual Misconduct Investigations
Gen. Jonathan Vance is leading a crackdown on inappropriate sexual behaviour in the ranks.
Murray Brewster, The Canadian Press CP
OTTAWA — Military police have launched eight investigations as a result of complaints filed with the new sexual misconduct response centre at the Department of National Defence, the country's top commander revealed Monday.
The information is part of a progress report from the chief of defence staff, Gen. Jonathan Vance, who is leading a crackdown on inappropriate sexual behaviour in the ranks of the Canadian military.
The report references six cases that were referred by the centre to the National Investigative Service between September and December of last year. Vance said two other allegations were received in January.
Gen. Jonathan Vance, seen here at a change of command ceremony in 2015, is leading the crackdown on inappropriate behaviour in the military. (Photo: CP)
Overall, the centre, which was set up in response to a scathing report last year by former Supreme Court of Canada justice Marie Deschamps, received 204 phone calls, emails and texts between September and December.
Of these, 53 involved allegations of sexual offences and another 32 related to claims of sexual harassment.
The report, which details other administrative steps taken by the military, represents a first step, said Vance.
"The Canadian Armed Forces has only just begin this mission," he said in a prepared statement.
"Last year we acknowledged harmful and inappropriate sexual behaviour is a significant problem in our organization. This report shows we are moving in the right direction to ensure a professional environment of respect and dignity for every Canadian Armed Forces member."
Last summer, Vance initiated a wide-ranging effort to eliminate abuse, harassment and assault within the ranks. Designed like a military operation, he set out tasks, timelines and objectives for the military to make the cultural shift.
"The Canadian Armed Forces has only just begin this mission."
Deschamps, in a forward written for the report, said the "crisis cycle which has characterized the approach of the Canadian Armed Forces to sexual misconduct to date must be stopped."
The issue, which gained prominence in the mid-1990s with the introduction of women into combat roles, has resurfaced time and again with publicized reports of abusive behaviour and assault.
The path for change is laid out in the report, Deschamps said.
In an interview, Vance acknowledges the cycle of crisis response isn't over and he committed to releasing more data, in future reports, that tracks not only reports to the crisis response centre, but how those allegations — and potential criminal cases — are dealt with by the system.
National Defence is also partnering with Statistics Canada this spring for a survey "designed to determine the nature and scope of harmful and inappropriate sexual behaviour," the report said.
The survey will be offered to all 66,000 full-time members and 21,000 part-time members of the military.
Photo gallery Current MPs With Military Experience (2016) See Gallery
Current MPs With Military Experience (2016)
MORE: jonathan vance jonathan vance operation honour military sexual harassment military sexual misconduct national-defence-sexual-assault Operation Honour Operation Honour military Politics politics video sexual misconduct military video


Do not keep medications at your bedside, including over-the-counter products. (There may be exceptions to this, ask your nurse for clarification). For safety, we encourage you to send any medications home with your family. If this is not possible, your nurse will store your medications, prescribed and otherwise, in a locked container outside your room. When you are released from the hospital, your nurse will review discharge instructions for medications with you.
Make sure all of your doctors know about every medicine you are taking (including herbal supplements and over the counter medications). Please inform hospital staff about any allergies and adverse reactions you have had to medicines. Ask for information about your medicines in terms you can understand before you receive them. Ask your nurse immediately if you have questions about the medications you are being given.


text:
Canadian laboratory advised to pay ransomware demand despite industry best practice
LifeLabs said it successfully retrieved 85,000 stolen lab results after negotiating with the hackers
by: Bobby Hellard
A Canadian laboratory has agreed to pay hackers in order to retrieve some 85,000 stolen data records after being advised to do so by cyber security experts.
LifeLabs, a provider of clinical laboratory services, said that information on approximately 15 million customers was also potentially accessed.
The company was breached in October when an unnamed party infiltrated the lab's computer systems. In an open letter, the company said that it involved customer names, addresses, emails, logins, passwords and health card numbers.
There were also 85,000 test results stolen in the breach which impact customers located in Ontario from 2016, or earlier, according to the firm.
LifeLabs CEO Charles Brown said that it had taken several steps to protect the stolen information, with one of those being "retrieving the data by making a payment". It did this on the advice of "experts familiar with cyber-attacks" and after negotiations with the hackers.
The workers' experience report
How technology can spark motivation, enhance productivity and strengthen security
There isn't much detail as to how the perpetrators gained access to the lab's systems but it does further highlight how prolific ransomware has become. The practice of paying hackers has been discouraged by many in the industry as it not only helps to directly fund a criminal enterprise but there is no guarantee that data will be returned after payment.
It was even revealed recently that 40% of security professionals believe that the handing over of funds to hackers should be criminalised, according to an AT&T security study.
Demand for tougher data breach legislation
Canadian university loses $11.8m in email phishing scam
40% of cybersecurity professionals think paying ransomware demands should be illegal
There was also a question of whether LifeLabs should face regulatory action, as it only informed British Columbia of the breach on 28 October. However, discussing why the information has only just come to light, Health Minister Adrian Dix told CBC that there was a concern about a secondary attack.
"Naturally, all of us would have wanted immediately for people to be informed, as quickly as possible," he said. "The only reason there was a delay was to ensure that information that hadn't been compromised wouldn't be compromised and that information that could be protected would be protected."


I bought the NeoOffice version from the company itself. Every time I have to use it I have to download the version again. It does not save my work. Even simple commands such as double space between lines (which every writer needs it) are not on the menu, instead, it is an unusual feature (hold control and click the mouse on the text), now who is going to find that out except you waste about 10 hours searching for it (no the company does not offers instructions but a verbiage of over 5 pages about any question and just verbiage, no answers at all). To be honest, I never found anything as dysfunctional and useless as this. All those good reviews feeds back to the company itself (if you doubt it, just search the feed and you'll find out for yourself) which is not an honest way to promote a product. The company does not keep even an e-mail for customer contact, instead, they ask you to tweet. Did you ever get an answer from tweeting them? Neither did I. 485 complaints.
Fantastic office suite software. Used it for near ten years, and it gets more stable, generally, with the new releases. It's shareware. It was originally a fork from the OpenOffice productivity development over a decade back.
Mac platform software, and it generally will convert most documents, presentations, ssheets. Never used the database feature, so couldn't comment on applicability.
Questions? Get answers from the NeoOffice staff and other customers.


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