text:
PI Benelux
Nanopositioning Piezo Flexure Stages
Miniature Stages
XY Stages
Engineered Subsystems for Automation
Fast Multi-Channel Photonics Alignment
Motion Control Software
Piezoelectric Transducers & Actuators
Air Bearings & Stages
Sensors, Components & Accessories
Hexapods Support Industrial Robots
Semiconductor Technology
Materials Research
Beamline Instrumentation
Active Alignment
Piezoelectric Drives
Electromagnetic Drives
Parallel Kinematics
Sensor Technologies
Controllers & Software
Guiding Systems & Force Transmission
What is the Difference between a Piezo Actuator and a Programmable Piezo Shim?
Microblog: Choosing a high-precision actuator that fits your needs
Microblog: Vacuum and non-magnetic environments
Microblog: How to achieve high throughput in high-end motion
PI Youtube Channel
PI LinkedIn Profile
Team PI Benelux
How to Get to PI Benelux
The PI Group
About PI miCos
Manufacturing in Cleanrooms at PI
Heavy Load Hall
Fractal Manufacturing Structure at PI
Multi-Axis Piezo Flexure Stages
PIFOC® Objective & PInano® Sample Scanners for Microscopy
Linear Piezo Flexure Stages
XY Piezo Flexure Stages
XYZ Piezo Flexure Scanners
Piezo Flexure Tilting Mirrors
Miniature Linear Stages
Miniature Rotation Stages
Miniature Hexapods
Stages with PIMag® Magnetic Direct-Drive Linear Motor
Stages with Stepper, DC & Brushless DC (BLDC) Motors
Vertical Stages with Stepper, DC & Brushless DC (BLDC) Motors
PiezoMike for Long-Term Stability
Linear Actuators with Stepper & DC Servo Motors
PIMag® VC Voice Coil Actuators with High Dynamics & Force Control Option
PiezoMove Lever Actuators
Nanopositioning Piezo Actuators
PiezoWalk® Actuators with High Force & Stability
PIRest Active Piezo Shims
V-610 Compact PIMag® Rotation Stage
V-611 PIMag® Rotation Stage
H-900KSCO Fast 6-Axis Hexapod
M-850KWAH Weather-Resistant Hexapod for Astronomy
M-850KLAH Large-Aperture High-Load Hexapod
P-911KNMV UHV-Compatible Miniature Piezo Hexapod
User Programs and Their Functions
Software Tools for Hexapods
Software Products for Special Applications
Nanopositioning Piezo Controllers
Piezo Drivers for Open-Loop Operation of Piezo Actuators
Motion Controllers & Drivers for Linear, Torque, Stepper & DC Servo Motors
Controllers & Drivers for Piezomotors
Controller Systems for Multiple Axes & Mixed Drive Types
ACS Motion Control
Discs, Rods and Cylinders
Plates and Blocks
Spheres and Hemispheres
Bending Elements
Tube Actuators
PICMA® Piezo Linear Actuators
PICMA® Piezo Bender Actuators
PICA Piezoelectric Stack Actuators
PICA Shear Actuators
DuraAct Patch Transducers
Picoactuator® Piezoelectric Crystal
Hexapod Systems for ALMA
Double-Crystal Monochromator
Materials Research in High Vacuum
Active Vibration Isolation with Piezo Actuators
Drive Technology for the ELT
Positioning Solutions for Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy (TIRFM)
High-Speed Microscopy
White Light Interferometry
Flamingo Lightsheet Fluorescence Microscopy
Photonics Packaging
Optical Fiber Alignment
Pipetting
Precision Dosing
Micropumps
Adaptive Diaphragm Positioning
Positioning Solutions for Whole Genome Sequencing
Parallel Kinematics for Materials Research
Laser Beam Control
Hexapods in Mechanical Engineering
Smarter Motion Positioning
Hexapods in Microproduction
Hexapods for Quality Assurance
Magnetic Direct Drives
Motion Simulation with Hexapods
Flexibility in Dimensional Measuring
Motion Compensation with Hexapods
Fast Piezo Ultrasonic Drives Advance Technology
Laser Material Processing
Hexapods for Optical Metrology
Tomography Equipment
Synchrotron Spectroscopy in Vacuum
Beam Preparation
Sample Positioning for Tomography
Accelerator Technology
Fundamentals of Piezo Technology
Properties of Piezo Actuators
Piezoceramic Materials
PICMA® Technology
Integrated Piezo Actuators
DuraAct Patch Transducer Technology
PIRest Actuators
PiezoWalk® Walking Drives
PILine® Ultrasonic Piezomotors
Piezo Inertia Drives
PiezoMike Linear Actuators
Comparison: Piezo Motors & Drive Technologies
Rotating Electric Motors
PIMag® Magnetic Direct Drives
PIMag® 6-D Magnetic Levitation
Hybrid Concept
Multi-Axis Positioners
Hexapod as Motion Simulator
Incremental Sensors
PIOne Optical Nanometrology Encoder
Comparison: Position Sensor Technologies
Digital & Analog Interfaces
EtherCAT Connectivity of PI Products
Control of Piezo Actuators
Digital Motion Controllers
Classical Guiding Systems
Flexure Guiding Systems
Magnetic Bearings
PIglide Air Bearing Technology
PI Benelux B.V.
Hertog Hendrikstraat 7a
5492 BA Sint-Oedenrode
Phone +31 499-375375
Email benelux@pi.ws
Web www.physikinstrumente.nl
Headquarters Legal Information
Contact us Go to quote list
MOTION | POSITIONING
0Quote list
PI is a worldwide leading supplier of solutions in the fields of motion and positioning. PI does not only develop and produce a broad range of positioning stages and actuators for linear, rotary and vertical motion or combinations of different axes. PI also adapts those solutions to customer-specific applications or supplies finished subsystems for motion and positioning.
On this site you will find our current new products. If you want to find out more, just contact us: Our sales engineers will get back to you as quickly as possible.
Select the product type specified by the axes of motion required. Selection of more criteria expands or shortens the list of results. Select more than one filter at a time, for example, to find positioning stages designed for higher load capacity, too.
PI is fully at home where unconventional solutions are in demand. This is no longer limited to fields of research. Today, nanotechnology is also present in standardized industrial processes.
PI's piezo flexure stages combine sub-nanometer resolution and guiding precision with minimum crosstalk.
PI's multi-axis piezo flexure stages allow positioning and scanning with sub-nanometer precision in up to 6 axis, including tip, tilt and yaw motion. Versions range from most compact cube design to large aperture and low profile.
Piezo flexure stages and objective scanners of the PIFOC® and PInano® series offer high dynamics in positioning and scanning tasks. Well adapted solutions for XY specimen positioning parallel and vertical to the optical axis and Z focusing of the objective are available as standard products.
PI's nanopositioning stages and scanners combine nanometer-precision resolution and guiding precision with minimum crosstalk. This makes them particularly suitable for reference applications in metrology, for microscopic processes, for interferometry or in inspection systems for semiconductor chip production.
High-precision 2-axis nanopositioning systems integrate PICMA® piezo actuators for maximum reliability. Repeatable, drift-free positioning with optimal stability is possible by the use of high-quality nanometrology sensors.
3-Axis Nanopositioning Scanners of Maximum Precision
The high stiffness of piezo flexure mirror platforms allows for high dynamics and excellent position stability. The compact devices are frequently used for beam deflection in laser processing and laser steering. Their parallel-kinematic design creates identical performance in tip and tilt axis, with a common fixed pivot point and no change of polarization direction.
Miniaturized stages and manipulators are essential in mobile applications for measuring and medical devices, in industrial microassembly or use for research, e.g. in UHV and non-magnetic environments.
Miniature stages are essential in positioning tasks where available space is limited. Piezomotor solutions like Q-motion, PIline® and PiezoWalk® allow for the most compact stages due to their direct drive principle.
Rotation stages with piezomotor make for particularly compact sizes. These compact rotation stages can be used in optics applications, where they position, for example, filters reliably and with excellent repeatability. Rotation stages can be mounted on linear stages without adapter and allow for flexible combinations of multi-axis positioning systems.
The smallest devices for 6 degrees of freedom are built from Q-motion piezomotor stages, but also palm-size BLDC motor versions are available. Best overall homogeneity of performance is achieved with the classic hexapod design. Low-profile design is preferred when relatively large tilting angles are required.
PI offers a wide range of motorized linear stages to supply high-precision industrial markets like semiconductor and photonics, as well as high-end research. Vacuum versions are available for a large number of different models. Multi-axis compositions can be set up with adapter brackets or specialized vertical stages and compatible rotation stages.
Stages with PIMag® Magnetic Direct-Drive Linear Motor. The friction-free magnetic direct drive principle allows for most dynamic stages. Compared with motor-spindle-based stages, they use fewer mechanical components which results in less friction and backlash and thus more precision.
Industrial applications in the production process such as laser processing benefit from the precise positioning accuracy of motorized positioning stages. Their low profile makes the variable stage series suitable for universal use, ranging from testing systems to production lines in precision automation.
Vertical stages can be mounted on linear stages without adapter and allow for flexible combinations of multi-axis positioning systems.
Choose from the widest range of technologies the optimum for your special demands: Set-and-forget applications benefit from the specific features of piezomotors that provide excellent long-term stability, also for vacuum or nonmagnetic environments. Stepper and DC motor solutions are well-established and reliable for both industrial and research use.
The PiezoMike linear actuators offer the high resolution of piezo direct drives, high forces and absolutely stable positioning. This makes them ideal for set-and-forget applications with high precision requirements like the positioning of optical elements in a laser application.
Motorized linear actuators are indispensable in automation routines from industrial production to adjustment in research laboratories.
Voice coil drives show very high velocities and allow for fast step-and-settle. Wear-free flexure guidings or mechanical guidings are available. The optional force control allows for stand-alone solutions in pressure-sensitive device testing.
PIezoMove actuators are flexure-guided and have strokes up to 1 mm. Being very compact, they can be easily integrated. Generating forces of up to 10000 N and strokes of up to 100 µm are the characteristics of nanopositioning piezo actuators based on PICMA® multilayer piezos.
PiezoWalk® actuators are highly specialized piezobased drives intended for integration. Designed for use in the semiconductor industry, they boost on reliability, position resolution and long-term stability. Their special features include minimum size with high force generation. The drive itself is resistant to magnetic fields.
PI offers stages with all kinds of motorization and guiding options: air-bearing, torque motor driven, motorized worm-gear coupled, tiny piezomotor stages and specialized goniometer stages with orthogonal tip-tilt mounting option.
Stability, precision and dynamics are crucial in the application fields of PI's XY stages. They are the basis of high throughput rates and reliable operation. PI makes use of own developments in the fields of PIMag® magnetic linear motors and PIglide air bearings. Industrial production and quality control benefit from PI's high-load XY stages and planar scanners.
Hexapods provide 6 degrees of freedom in the most compact package. In combination with absolute measuring sensors, software and motion controllers that make the most complicated motion profiles easy to command, PI hexapods answer industrial requirements.
Precision components, stable control and a great deal of experience in engineering are essential for high-precision complex motion and positioning solutions. PI is a supplier of technologically sophisticated drive components and high-precision positioners and also offers all levels of integration for engineered subsystems.
Fast Multi-Channel Photonics Alignment Systems
Piezo scanners take care of fast, continuous scanning tasks, where durability, dynamics, and precision matter. The larger travel ranges are realized with XYZ combinations or 6-axis hexapods. Integrated routines make it possible to perform single-axis alignments up to complex, multi-axis fiber array positioning within the shortest possible time.
All digital controllers made by PI are accompanied by an extensive software package.
PI pursues a cross-platform and hardware-independent concept in the design of the motion control software.
Every PI controller is delivered with an extensive software package that supports the user in setting up and parametrizing the overall system.
Customers can program or adapt their own user programs so that every PI controller can be seamlessly integrated into their application.
Controllers and drivers from PI are supplied with an extensive software package that provides convenient solutions and interfaces for ensuring full functionality.
The decision for a motion controller depends on the specific application situation. Various criteria, such as limited installation space, the number of axes or the type of control, determine which controller is the right one. PI offers a broad spectrum of controls and regulation concepts.
PI offers the broadest range of digital and analog piezo control concepts that are adapted for optimal result in every application. Calibration of all piezo systems is done before delivery and all systems are delivered ready for operation.
PI's piezo drivers are available as benchtop or rackmount solutions, and as OEM modules also with separate power supply for minimized size. Piezo drivers integrate high-performance amplifiers specialized for different fields of applications.
PI develops motion control solutions in-house to best adjust the features to the requirements of both drive and application. PI's motion controllers are generally designed as single-channel devices and are available as benchtop, rackmount or OEM versions.
Modular motion controller systems provide best flexibility for increasing the number of axes in a system. They allow the use of different drive types with only one user interface. The number of available models is continuously extended. Contact PI now for your individual controller setup!
As unique as the hexapod mechanics, the motion controller is designed to make parallel kinematics algorithms as easy and unnoticed by the user as possible: All target positions are commanded in Cartesian coordinates. For best integration in automation processes, the Hexapod motion controller is available with industrial EtherCAT interface.
ACS Motion Control for Industrial Automation
We recommend the controllers of our partner, ACS Motion Control especially for automation with industrial standards. Ask us about your integrated solution!
Piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers are available in a wide range of shapes like disks, plates or tubes, and different performance levels. They can be adapted to application requirements by using different piezoceramic materials, electrodes, and assembling technology.
Piezoceramic Discs, Rods & Cylinders
Piezoceramic Plates & Blocks
Piezoceramic Rings
Piezoceramic Tubes
Piezoceramic Spheres & Hemispheres
Piezoceramic Bending Elements
Piezo Tube Actuators
Radially and axially contracting piezo tubes are often used for creating dynamic scanning motions and as fiber stretchers.
PICMA® multilayer actuators for an up to 10 times higher lifetime and operating time than conventional multilayer piezo actuators.
Multilayer bending actuators: large displacement and high dynamics. Their bimorph structure ensures bidirectional displacement.
Stacked piezo linear actuators with operating voltages to 1000 V: High reliability, large specific displacement and high forces.
Multi-axis and shear actuators in stacked design offer excellent dynamics combined with minimum electrical power requirements.
DuraAct patch transducers convert electrical voltage into mechanical energy and vice versa; as actuator, sensor or as energy generator.
The motion of the Picoactuator® piezo crystals is highly linear and almost hysteresis-free and consequently suited for high-dynamics applications.
Air bearing stages are used where vibration-free motion is required, velocity needs to be highly constant, and optimum angular repeatability is requested.
Product Series with Vacuum-Ready Items
PI offers specific catalogue items for selected product series that are already suitable for high vacuum (HV) or ultra-high vacuum (UHV).
Customer- and application-specific product developments form the basis for success at PI. To this purpose, requirements have to be understood and a technological solution has to be found.
PI positioning systems are employed where technology is pushed forward in industry and research. This is done, for example, in semiconductor manufacturing, in medical engineering, in biotechnology, in plant engineering, in surface metrology, or in astronomy.
Because the need for multi-axis and also precision robots in production and quality processes is on the increase, industry is looking out for new types of robotics. PI offers parallel-kinematic hexapods for these tasks.
The term "scientific instrumentation" covers a variety of different applications, starting with microscopy via beamline processes through to the wide field of laboratory automation.
Under the extreme conditions of the Atacama Desert, PI hexapods align the subreflectors to the large main reflectors of the ALMA radio telescopes.
Double-Crystal Monochromator for an X-Ray Spectrometer
The PI Beamline Instrumentation division's aim is to develop application oriented solutions, e.g., this monochromator for an X-ray spectrometer.
PI provides standard and custom high vacuum compatible positioning systems for materials research with high-energy X-rays.
Active vibration isolation reduces settling times, increases precision in measurement and production sequences and achieves high throughput rates.
The European - Extremely Large Telescope, in short E-ELT, is the largest terrestrial telescope for scientific evaluation of electromagnetic radiation.
Lithographic processes are the reason why chips are getting smaller and smaller and why extremely fine structures can be realized on silicon wafers. Piezo drives have made these technical advances possible with their performance and reliability.
Imaging processes increase efficiency across a number of fields, ranging from medical engineering to pharmaceutical research and manufacturing of semiconductors.
Adjustment of the Focal Planes in Confocal Microscopy
Confocal microscopy is used to detect the structure of the sample surface through the shifting of the focal plane, for example in dermatology.
Linear stages adjust the laser beam in the TIRF microscope. Precision positioning of the sample is possible by combining two XY stages.
High-Speed Microscopy for Quality Control
Specimen positioning on AFM scanners for atomic force microscopy is performed with piezo-based scanning stages which thus play a key role.
AFM Scanner for Atomic Force Microscopy
3-D Surface Inspection With Piezo-Based Positioning Systems from PI
High-resolution camera systems are combined with white light interferometry for 3-D surface inspection with picometer resolution.
Lens Positioning for 3-D Surface Inspection
Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy (LSFM), also called Single Plane Illumination Microscopy (SPIM ) is a very powerful microscopy technology for gentle in vivo imaging offering low phototoxicity and fast image acquisition.
Silicon photonics allows data rates into the Tbit/s range and is therefore suitable for computer-aided services that require the highest possible transmission speeds.
Automated Photonics Packaging
An automated assembly and alignment system can reduce the manufacturing process for silicon photonics to only a few minutes. However, handling the delicate waveguides is indeed a major challenge as the integration of the light sources at a wafer level and connection of the optical inputs and outputs are difficult to perform.
Simultaneous Testing of Optical Components in Silicon Photonics
Silicon photonics presents new challenges for the production of components as well as testing and slicing the wafers.
Progress in pharmaceutical research, diagnostics, and therapy requires high-performance and precise position systems. In addition to high positioning precision, requirements for the drives often include compact dimensions, low energy consumption, speed, and high reliability.
Variable Focusing and Sharp Focus for Endoscopic Applications
Tiniest piezomotors, magnetic miniature drives and miniaturized piezo tubes are used in various are used in various endoscopy procedures to generate high-resolution image information in the smallest possible installation space.
High-Precision Drives in Ophthalmic Surgery
The control and focusing of laser beams in ophthalmic surgery requires accurate positioning systems, such as piezo-driven tip/tilt mirror systems.
Nonsensitive Drives for Magnetic Resonance Tomography
Piezo drives are well suited for magnetic resonance therapy, because they are not influenced by strong magnetic fields.
Piezo Technology and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
Piezo actuators and drives, e.g., PILine® OEM motors, ensure the high precision and position stability required for optical coherence tomography (OCT).
Piezomotors for Pipetting and Nanodispensing
Piezomotors are suited for pipetting with small devices and sample separations and are able to move the pipettes in the vertical direction.
Dynamic Drives for Precision Dosing with Nanodispensers
Piezo actuators are ideal for precision dosing with nanodispensers: They can switch valves directly, and can also work against a closing spring.
Piezoelectric Micropumps – Compact Design and High Performance
Piezoelectric micro-diaphragm pumps offer high performance on small space – the drives allow a continuous flow and a variable flow rate.
Image Stabilization and Microscanning with Piezo Scanners
Fast, piezo-based scanners operate with the necessary velocities in the video frequency range for image stabilization and microscanning.
In radiation therapy, the individual leaves are adjusted so that the healthy tissue offers the optimum protection from the radiation.
Speed and precision have leaped since the beginnings of genome analysis – while, at the same time, costs have continuously decreased. "Sequencing-by-synthesis", the currently leading method, is based on signal detection by fluorescence microscopes. Positioning solutions for microscope objectives and sample stages play a decisive role in it.
Efficiency has become an important buzzword these days. Materials research has paid a major contribution as the results have, for example, optimized processing methods. Methods such as X-rays and lasers or white light interferometry demand precise positioning of the specimens to be examined and of optics or beam control.
High-Load Parallel Kinematics for Materials Research
The high-energy X-rays at beamlines provide numerous possibilities for materials research, such as checking welding seams of workpieces.
Piezo Drives for Laser Beam Control
Lasers are tools that can be used in many areas of application. At the same time, the laser beam control requires precision, dynamics, and reliability.
Mechanical engineering and manufacturing technology require fast, reliable and energy-saving drive components. The spectrum ranges from piezo actuators to six-axis parallel kinematics which can communicate directly with CNC controls.
Piezo Actuators Accelerate Electrical Discharge Machining
Precision components are manufactured using electrical discharge machining, often in large numbers. Vibrating piezo actuators make a crucial contribution here.
PI hexapod 6-axis positioning systems can handle loads from 2 kg to several tons. Ideal for precision mechanical engineering applications.
Piezo drives, magnetic direct drives, and hexapods are part and parcel of automation today. They operate precisely and reliably and have proven themselves under rugged conditions.
Positioning and motion tasks in industrial automation such as those in assembly, semiconductor manufacturing, mechanical engineering, laser material processing, inspection systems or in additive manufacturing demand solutions that need to be robust and reliable.
What do optical components and glass fibers in photonics, mobile devices, and high-quality wristwatches all have in common?
Microproduction technology makes high-precision positioning systems absolutely necessary for both assembly and quality assurance.
Magnetic direct drives, which include voice-coil actuators and linear drives, are often predestined here as the best solutions for many reasons.
Motion simulation with hexapods with CIPA certificate from PI (Physik Instrumente) – vibrating tables are used for testing resistance to vibration.
Hexapod Systems in Automation
Hexapods allow for an outstanding flexibility for a variety of samples of in-line automation systems by minimizing the space for motion robotics.
Dynamic hexapods with piezo drives: Best conditions for motion compensation.
When increased demands are placed on an application, ultrasonic piezo motors can prove to be a good alternative, as they can be used in many ways.
PI offers automation platforms for high-precision and high-throughput laser material processing, such as laser marking, laser cutting and micromachining.
Hexapods Support Precise Measurement of Aspheres
Testing aspherical shape accuracy requires the measurement of the smallest deviations in the nanometer range and short measuring and set-up times. The solution is a new interferometer from metrology company Mahr. As part of the overall system, the hexapod positions lenses and the calibration sphere.
Scientific experiments pose their own challenges, and beamline X-ray experiments are even more special in themselves. However, the need for precision equipment is universal.
Dynamic compensation of Lorentz forces at the XFEL accelerator structures: The particle accelerator XFEL at the DESY (German Electron Synchrotron) uses acceleration technology based on super-conducting acceleration structures, so-called resonators or cavities.
Due to their high dynamics and pushing forces piezo actuators are highly suitable for the use in machines for additive manufacturing.
The assembly of complex optical systems like objective lenses for smartphone cameras or laser cavities requires more and more accuracy. Active alignment addresses the resulting needs and helps to reduce cycle times by two orders of magnitude and more.
Know-How & Technology
PI combines its long-term experience in micro and nanopositioning technology with in-depth knowledge in the fields of mechanics, electronics, sensor engineering, and software. Thus, PI is able to offer its customers the most advanced drive technologies and system solutions.
PI Ceramic offers a wealth of experience in the manufacturing of piezoceramic materials, components, and actuators. The piezoceramic materials can be adapted individually to perfectly fit the later use of the piezo components.
Physical basics and explanations of piezo electricity and electromechanics.
Characteristics of piezoceramic actuators: Displacement modes, forces and stiffnesses, dynamics. Ambient conditions.
PI Ceramic offers a variety of different piezoelectric materials including lead-free materials.
PI Ceramic offers a wide range of manufacturing technologies: Pressing or tape technology, assembling technology and testing procedures.
Highly reliable and extended lifetime through the patented manufacturing process for multilayer actuators.
To avoid pull forces, these piezo elements are provided with a mechanical preload in mechanical cases or by means of flexure joints.
Manufacture, functional principle and typical working parameters of DuraAct patch transducers explain the possible force generation and deflection.
Active shims with long-term stability and nanometer resolution.
Depending on the configuration and control, piezoceramic actuators can be used to create translational motions or as motors with a virtually unlimited travel range. The choice of drive depends on the requirements of the application.
Piezo Actuators with and without Guiding
Piezoelectric actuators offer subnanometer resolution and very short response times, making them ideally suitable for nanometer-precision positioning at high dynamics.
PiezoWalk® drives were developed more than 10 years ago for the semiconductor industry, a demanding industry when it comes to reliability, position resolution and long-term stability.
Ultrasonic piezomotors dispense with the mechanical complexity of classical rotary motor/gear/leadscrew combinations in favor of costs and reliability.
Inertia Drives are space-saving and low-cost piezo-based drives with relatively high holding forces and a travel range that is only limited by the length of the runner.
Compact, low-cost inertia drive principle (stick-slip). When at rest, the drive is self-locking, requires no current and generates no heat. It holds the position with maximum force.
PIs drive technologies in comparison: Piezo motors, stepping drives, ultrasonic drives, and piezo inertia drives.
Rotating electric motors such as DC or stepper motors are used in connection with screw or worm drives. Stepper motor systems with high-resolution encoders can perform minimum incremental motions of 10 nm with high reliability and repeatability.
Rotating Electric Motors from PI
Rotating electric motors such as DC or stepper motors are used in connection with screw or worm drives.
In particular in terms of wear and dynamics, magnetic direct drives offer advantages compared to common spindle-based technologies.
PIMag® 6-D Magnetic Levitation at Six Levels of Freedom
PIMag® 6-D is an electromagnetic positioning system in which the passive platform levitates on a magnetic field and is actively guided by it.
Piezo & Motor Hybrid Concept
In the hybrid concept, the DC servo motor (large travel ranges) and the piezo drive (nanometer accuracy) are combined with one another.
In a parallel-kinematic, multi-axis system, all actuators act directly on a single moving platform. This means that all axes can be designed with identical dynamic properties, thus reducing the moved mass considerably. Hexapods are used for moving and precision positioning, aligning and displacing loads in all six degrees of freedom, i.e., three linear and three rotational axes.
Piezo Positioning Systems with Parallel Kinematics
In a parallel-kinematic, multi-axis system, all actuators act directly on a single moving platform.
Multi-Axis Positioners and Stewart Platforms
Hexapod platforms are used for precision positioning and alignment of loads in all six degrees of freedom, three linear axes, and three rotational axes.
Motion simulators have higher motion dynamics requirements (shakers).
The linearity and repeatability achieved are not possible without highest-resolution measuring devices. Accuracies in the range of a few nanometers and below require a position measurement method that can also detect motion in this range.
Capacitance Nanosensors
Capacitive sensors are the metrology system of choice for the most demanding nanopositioning applications.
Linear Scale Encoders for Nanometrology & Nanopositioning
PI uses incremental measurement systems for longer travel ranges, starting from approximately one millimeter. These sensors, which in most cases are optical sensors, achieve position resolution down to the picometer range.
The PIOne high-resolution linear sensor developed by PI ensures a position resolution of far less than one nanometer with adequate measurement analysis.
Comparison: Nanopositioning Sensor Technologies
Positioning systems that need to provide accuracies in the range of a few nanometers and below require a position measurement technique that can also detect motion in this range.
Fast settling or extremely smooth low speed motion, high positional stability, high resolution and high dynamics – the requirements placed on piezo systems vary greatly and need drivers and controllers with a high degree of flexibility.
Fast USB or TCP/IP interfaces as well as RS-232 are the standard interfaces supported by modern digital controllers from PI. Furthermore, PI also provides digital or analog real-time capable interfaces.
PI offers high-precision drives for use as EtherCAT slave, or integrates with ACS Motion Controllers as Master, or 2nd Master in an existing architecture.
Piezo Controllers & Drivers for Nanopositioning Systems
Characteristic properties of piezo actuators include high feed forces and fast response. Since piezoelectric actuators react to even the smallest change in voltage with a motion, noise or drift in the control must be avoided.
Digital technology opens up possibilities for improving performance in control engineering which do not exist with conventional analog technology.
The need to align devices down to nanoscale accuracy is arising in many fields. Optical components such as the lenses or lens assemblies in small cameras, or even the CCD chip itself, need to be positioned with ever more precision.
Flexure joints, mechanical guide components or magnetic bearings? Which kind of guiding system PI uses in its products depends on parameters such as travel range, required precision, load, lifetime, and ambient conditions.
Comparison: Classical Guiding Systems and Force Transmission
Positioners with travel ranges from several millimeters to one meter usually utilize traditional mechanical guide components such as ball bearings.
Flexure Guiding Systems for Nanopositioning & Piezo Actuators
Flexure guides from PI have proven their worth in nanopositioning. They guide the piezo actuator and ensure a straight motion without tilting or lateral offset.
Magnetic Levitation & Precision Bearings for Nanopositioning
Magnetic levitation allows excellent guiding accuracy in a plane, both linear and rotational.
Multi-axis motion with nanometer precision and without friction.
Positioning in High Vacuum (HV) and Ultrahigh Vacuum (UHV)
Careful handling, adequate premises: PI does not only have the necessary equipment for the qualification of materials, components and final products, but also has many years of experience with regard to HV und UHV positioning systems.
PI Glossary for Technical Terms
Find useful explanations of technical terms in the PI Glossary.
Learn from our experts in the field of motion and positioning, who share their knowledge and their passion for technology.
Take the opportunity to experience our products live and discuss your application with our development- and sales engineers.
Latest news on PI worldwide.
Find videos about our products, technologies and applications.
Follow our LinkedIn Profile
Get weekly updates about our products and technologies.
Meet the faces behind PI Benelux. A dedicated team that will guide you in every step of your journey towards the best possible solution for your precision motion and positioning challenge. Whether you're looking for an OEM-solution, a fully engineered system, or a product to enhance the performance of your systems: we are eager to help you. Always on a personal level, and always in an open dialogue. PI is the global leader in the field of precision positioning on a nanometer scale. All key technologies are developed, manufactured, and qualified in-house. Our team helps organizations in The Netherlands, Belgium and Luxemburg to realize state of the art solutions in motion and positioning. With a passion for engineering and technology, a portfolio of infinite possibilities and the ambition to solve even the most complex motion puzzles, we have what it takes to create more value for your business.
Meet the faces behind PI Benelux. A dedicated team that will guide you in every step of your journey towards the best possible solution for your precision motion and positioning challenge. Whether you're looking for an OEM-solution, a fully engineered system, or a product to enhance the performance of your systems: we are eager to help you
On this site you find our adress data and a Google Maps plugin to plan your route.
PI stands for technical excellence and continuous advance in precision positioning – driven by the passion for technology and its use in customer applications.
The PI Group represented by subsidiaries and dealers all over the world. Check here to find your local contact.
PI miCos GmbH, Germany
As a member of the PI Group, PI miCos makes a strong contribution in the field engineered systems and is the center of expertise for positioning systems with magnetic drives.
PI aims to apply the same high quality, safety and environmental protection standards worldwide. The Integrated Management System reflects this commitment.
The technology center provides space not only for offices but also for application labs, metrology labs, and cleanrooms for vacuum or cryogenic chambers.
PI has the capability to manufacture and qualify products under cleanroom conditions, which is extended and improved continually according to market needs.
Heavy Duty Hall for Positioning Systems Weighing Several Tons
The product range from a two-ton hexapod to a ten-gram nanopositioner requires that PI can both manufacture and qualify these systems. For this reason, PI operates a heavy duty hall at its location in Karlsruhe for the assembly and measurement of masses up to five tons.
PI manufactures in autonomous organization fractals. Each unit is responsible for its own product line, has all the necessary skills and production equipment.
PI qualifies its products with external measuring equipment. These are calibrated in part and traceable to a national standard. Using the PIOne incremental encoder and capacitive sensors, PI manufactures own metrology for inclusion in PI products.
∞ Possibilities
A world of infinite possibilities in precision motion and positioning. Endless, inexhaustible, limitless, indefinite. Infinite. Our team delivers more than just parts. We are dedicated to define the question behind your challenge. We are eager to help you reach your goals.
Quick and easy: Order PI's stages, controllers, and matching accessories for your project in our online shop. The PI Store offers over 300 selected standard products from PI and PI Ceramic for direct purchase online.
2. Name and Address of the Entity Responsible for Processing
5. Collection of General Data and Information
6. Contact via the Website
7. Routine Deletion and Blocking of Personal Data
8. Rights of the Data Subject
9. Applications and Application Process
11. Entity Responsible or a Third Party
12. Duration, for which Personal Data is Stored
13. Provision of Personal Data
14. Using Social Plug-ins
15. YouTube
16. Analysing Services
We are very pleased that you are interested in our company. Data protection is of particular importance. As a matter of principle, the use of the Internet pages is possible without the disclosure of any personal data. However, if a data subject wishes to make use of special services of our company via our website, it may be necessary to process personal data. If processing personal data is necessary and there is no legal basis for such processing, we generally obtain the consent of the data subject.
Processing of personal data, such as the name, address, email address or telephone number of a data subject, is always carried out in accordance with the General Data Protection Regulation and in accordance with the country-specific data protection regulations applicable to our company. In accordance with this data protection declaration, our company would like to inform the public about the type, scope, and purpose of the personal data collected, used, and processed by us. Furthermore, this data protection declaration informs the data subject of his/her rights.
As the entity responsible for processing, our company has implemented numerous technical and organizational measures to ensure that the personal data processed via this website is protected as completely as possible. Nevertheless, breaches of security are possible with Internet-based data transmission and absolute protection cannot be guaranteed. For this reason, it is possible for each person to transmit personal data to us by alternative means, for example by telephone.
Our data protection declaration is based on the terms used by the European legislator when the General Data Protection Regulation (EU GDPR) was issued. Our data protection declaration should be easy to read and understand for the public and for our customers and business partners. To ensure this, we would like to explain the terms used in advance.
We use the following terms in this data protection declaration:
a) Personal Data
Personal data is all information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person (hereinafter referred to as "data subject"). Identifiable is a natural person who can be identified directly or indirectly, in particular by assignment to an identifier such as a name, an identification number, location data, an online identifier or one or more special characteristics that express the physical, physiological, genetic, psychological, economic, cultural or social identity of that natural person.
b) Data Subject
The data subject is any identified or identifiable natural person whose personal data is processed by the person responsible.
c) Processing
Processing means any process or series of processes carried out with or without the aid of automated procedures in relation to personal data, such as the collection, organization, sorting, storage, adaptation or alteration, reading, retrieval, use, disclosure by transmission, dissemination or any other form of provision, comparison or linking, restriction, erasure or destruction.
d) Restrictions on Processing
Restrictions on processing refers to marking stored personal data with the objective of restricting future processing.
e) Pseudonymization
Pseudonymization is the processing of personal data in such a way that the personal data cannot be assigned to a specific data subject without the use of additional information, provided that this additional information is kept separately and is subject to technical and organizational measures that ensure that the personal data is not assigned to an identified or identifiable natural person.
f) Entity or Person Responsible for Processing
The entity or person responsible for processing is the natural or legal person, public authority, institution or other body that, either alone or together with others, decides on the purposes and means of processing personal data. Where the purposes and means of such processing are laid down by Union law or by the law of the Member States, the person responsible or the specific criteria for his appointment may be laid down in accordance with Union law or the law of the Member States.
g) Processor
The processor is a natural or legal person, authority, institution or other body that processes personal data on behalf of the person responsible.
h) Recipient
The recipient is a natural or legal person, authority, institution or other body to which personal data is disclosed, irrespective of whether it is a third party or not. However, authorities which may receive personal data under Union law or the law of the Member States within the scope of a particular investigation mandate shall not be regarded as recipients.
i) Third Party
A third party is a natural or legal person, authority, institution or other body other than the data subject, the person responsible, the data processor and the persons authorized to process the personal data under the direct responsibility of the entity responsible or the data processor.
j) Consent
Consent shall mean any informed and unequivocal expression of will be given voluntarily by the data subject for the specific case in the form of a declaration or other clear affirmative act by which the data subject indicates his or her consent to the processing of personal data concerning him or her.
The entity responsible within the meaning of the General Data Protection Regulation, other data protection laws in force in the Member States of the European Union and other provisions of a data protection nature is:
Email: benelux@pi.ws
Web: www.physikinstrumente.nl
3. Name and Address of the Data Protection Officer
The data protection officer responsible for processing is:
Hans Joachim Dionisius
Paulusstraße 3
72369 Neuffen
Email: hjdionisius@arcor.de
Any data subject can contact our data protection officer directly at any time with any questions or suggestions regarding data protection.
Our web pages use cookies. Cookies are text files which are stored on a computer system by an Internet browser.
Numerous websites and servers use cookies. Many cookies contain a so-called cookie ID. A cookie ID is a unique identifier of the cookie. It consists of a string of characters that assign Internet pages and servers to the specific Internet browser where the cookie was stored. This allows the the Internet pages and servers to distinguish the individual browser of the data subject from other Internet browsers that contain other cookies. A specific Internet browser can be recognized and identified by its unique cookie ID.
The use of cookies allows us to provide users of this website with more user-friendly services that would not be possible without cookies.
Cookies help us to optimize the information and offers on our website for the user. As already mentioned, cookies allow us to recognize the users of our website. The purpose of this recognition is to make it easier for users to use our website. For example, the user of a website that uses cookies does not have to re-enter his access data each time he visits the website because this is taken over by the website and the cookie stored on the user's computer system. Another example is the shopping basket cookie in the online shop. The online shop uses the cookie to remember the items that a customer has placed in the virtual shopping basket.
The data subject can prevent cookies being set by our website at any time by setting the Internet browser used and therefore permanently object to the setting of cookies. Furthermore, cookies that have already been set can be deleted at any time via an Internet browser or other software programs. This possible with all common Internet browsers. If the data subject deactivates setting of cookies in the Internet browser, not all functions on our Internet site may be used to the full.
Our website collects general data and information each time a person or an automated system visits our website. This general data and information is stored in so-called log files on the server. We may record the types and versions of browsers used, the operating system used by the accessing system, the website from that a system accesses our website (so-called referrer), the subwebsites that are accessed via an accessing system on our website, the date and time of access to the website, an Internet protocol address (IP address), the Internet service provider of the accessing system and other similar data and information that serve to avert danger in the event of attacks on our information technology systems.
We do not draw any conclusions on the data subject when using this general data and information. Instead, this information is required to deliver the contents of our website correctly, to optimize the contents of our website as well as the advertising, to ensure the permanent functionality of our information technology systems and the technology of our website and to provide law enforcement authorities with the information necessary for criminal prosecution in the event of a cyber-attack. Therefore, this anonymously collected data and information is evaluated by us statistically and also with the objective of increasing data protection and data security in our company and ultimately to ensure an optimum level of protection for the personal data processed by us. The anonymous data in the server log files is stored separately from all personal data provided by a data subject.
Because of legal regulations, the website contains information that allows fast electronic contact with our company and direct communication with us, which also includes a general address for so-called electronic mail (email address). If a data subject contacts the person responsible for processing the inquiry via email or a contact form, the personal data transmitted by the data subject will be automatically stored and used. If necessary, this data is provided to the PI subsidiaries or retailers for further processing. The personal data is not passed on to any other third party.
The entity responsible for processing shall process and store the personal data of the data subject only for the time necessary to achieve the data retention purpose or to the extent provided for by the European legislator or other legislator in laws or regulations that the entity is subject to.
If the reason for storage ceases to apply or if a storage period prescribed by the European legislator or any other applicable legislator expires, the personal data is routinely blocked or deleted in accordance with the statutory provisions.
a) Right to Confirmation
Every data subject shall have the right as granted by the European legislator of directives and regulations to require the entity to confirm whether personal data concerning him/her is being processed. If a data subject wishes to exercise this right of confirmation, he or she may contact our data protection officer or another employee of the entity responsible for processing at any time.
b) Right of the Data Subject to Information
Any person affected by processing of personal data shall have the right as as granted by the European legislator of directives and regulations to obtain information on any personal data stored relating to him/her from the entity responsible for processing and demand a copy of that information. Furthermore, the European regulator requires that the data subject is entitled to the following information:
reasons for processing
the personal data categories that are processed
the recipients or categories of recipients to whom the personal data have been or are still being disclosed, in particular recipients in third countries or international organizations
if possible, the duration planned for storing the personal data and if this is not possible, the criteria for determining that duration
the right of rectification or deletion of personal data concerning him or restrict processing by the entity responsible for processing or the right to oppose such processing
a right of appeal to a supervisory authority
if the personal data is not collected from the data subject: All available information on the origin of the data
the existence of automated decision-making, including profiling in accordance with Article 22 paragraphs 1 and 4 GDPR and, at least in these cases, meaningful information on the logic involved and the scope and intended effects of such processing for the data subject
Furthermore, the data subject has a right of access to information to determine whether personal data have been transferred to a third country or to an international organization. If this is the case, the data subject also has the right to obtain information on the appropriate guarantees in conjunction with the transfer.
If a data subject wishes to exercise this right to information, he or she may contact our data protection officer or another employee of the entity responsible for processing at any time.
c) Right to Correction
Any data subject to the processing of personal data shall have the right as granted by the European legislator of directives and regulations to request immediate correction of inaccurate personal data concerning him/her. Furthermore, with respect to the purpose of processing, the data subject has the right to request the completion of incomplete personal data, including a supplementary declaration. If a data subject wishes to exercise this right to correction, he or she may contact our data protection officer or another employee of the entity responsible for processing at any time.
d) Right to Cancellation (Right to be Forgotten)
Any data subject affected by processing of personal data shall have the right as granted by the European legislator of directives and regulations to require the person responsible to request immediate deletion of his/her personal data, provided that one of the following reasons applies and insofar the processing is deemed not necessary:
The personal data was collected or otherwise processed for purposes that are no longer necessary.
The data subject withdraws his/her consent on the basis for processing, and where there is no other legal basis for the processing pursuant to Article 6 paragraph letter a GDPR or Article 9 paragraph 2 letter a GDPR.
The data subject opposes processing under Article 21 paragraph 1 GDPR and there are no overriding legitimate grounds for processing or the data subject opposes processing under Article 21 paragraph 2 GDPR.
The personal data was processed unlawfully.
The deletion of personal data is necessary to fulfil a legal obligation under Union law or the law of the Member States that the person responsible is subject to.
The personal data was collected relating to information society services offered in accordance with Art. 8 para. 1 GDPR.
If one of the above-mentioned reasons applies and the data subject wishes to have personal data stored with us deleted, he or she may contact our data protection officer or another employee of the entity responsible for processing at any time. Our data protection officer will ensure that the request for deletion is complied with without delay.
e) Right to Restrict Processing
Any data subject affected by processing of personal data shall have the right as granted by the European legislator of directives and regulations to require the person responsible to restrict processing if one of the following conditions is met:
The accuracy of the personal data is disputed by the data subject for a period that allows the person responsible to verify the accuracy of the personal data.
Processing is unlawful, the data subject refuses to delete the personal data and instead, requests that the use of the personal data be restricted.
The person responsible no longer needs the personal data for the purposes of the processing, but the data subject needs them to assert, exercise or defend legal claims.
The data subject objects to processing pursuant to Art. 21 para. 1 GDPR and it has not yet been determined whether the legitimate reasons of the data subject outweigh those of the person responsible.
If one of the above conditions is met and a person affected wishes to request restriction of personal data stored by our company, he or she can contact our data protection officer at any time. The data protection officer will arrange for processing to be restricted.
f) Right to Data Transferability
Any data subject affected by processing of personal data shall have the right as granted by the European legislator to receive personal data relating to him/her from a person responsible in a structured, current and machine-readable format. They shall also have the right to transmit such data to another person responsible without obstruction by the person responsible to whom the personal data was made available, provided that processing is based on the consent provided for in Article 6 paragraph 1 letter a GDPR or Article 9 paragraph 2 letter a GDPR or on a contract in accordance with Article 6 paragraph 1 letter b GDPR and that processing is carried out using automated procedures, unless processing is necessary for the performance of a task in the public interest or in the exercise of public authority conferred on the person responsible.
Furthermore, in exercising his right to data transferability pursuant to Article 20 paragraph 1 GDPR, the data subject has the right to demand that personal data be transferred directly by a person responsible to another person responsible, provided this is technically feasible and provided that the rights and freedoms of other persons are not affected.
The person affected may contact the data protection officer or another employee at any time to assert the right to data transferability.
g) Right of Objection
Any person affected by processing of personal data shall have the right as granted by the European legislator for reasons related to his/her particular situation to object at any time to processing of personal data concerning them under Article 6 paragraph 1 letter e or f GDPR. This also applies to profiling based on these provisions.
We will not continue to process personal data in the event of an objection, unless we can prove compelling grounds for processing that outweigh the interests, rights and freedoms of the data subject or the processing serves to assert, exercise or defend legal claims.
If we process personal data to carry out direct advertising, the data subject has the right to object to the processing of personal for the purpose of such advertising at any time. This also applies to profiling insofar as it is connected with such direct advertising. If the data subject objects to our company processing for direct marketing purposes, we will discontinue processing personal data for these purposes.
Furthermore, the data subject has the right to object to processing of his/her personal data for scientific or historical research purposes or for statistical purposes in accordance with Article 89 paragraph 1 GDPR related to his/her particular situation, unless such processing is necessary for the performance of a task in the public interest.
The data subject may contact the data protection officer directly to exercise the right of objection. Notwithstanding Directive 2002/58/EC, the data subject shall also be free to exercise his right of opposition with respect to the use of information society services by means of automated procedures that use technical specifications.
h) Automated Decisions in Individual Cases Including Profiling
Any person affected by processing of personal data shall have the right as granted by the European legislator not to be subject to a decision based exclusively on automated processing, including profiling, which has legal effect against him or significantly affects him in a similar way, provided that the decision is not necessary for the conclusion or performance of a contract between the data subject and the person responsible, or is admissible under Union or Member State law that the person responsible is subject to, and that such law contains appropriate measures to safeguard the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of the data subject or is taken with the data subject's express consent.
Where a decision is necessary for the conclusion or performance of a contract between the data subject and the data controller or is taken with the express consent of the data subject, we shall take appropriate measures to safeguard the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of the data subject, including at least the right to demand intervention of a person by the person responsible, to state his own position and to challenge the decision.
If the person concerned wishes to assert rights with respect to automated decisions, he or she can contact our data protection officer at any time.
i) Right to Revoke Consent under Data Protection Law
Any person affected by processing of personal data has the right as granted by the European legislator to withdraw his or her consent to the processing of personal data at any time.
If the data subject wishes to exercise his/her right to withdraw his/her consent, he/she may contact our data protection officer or another employee of the entity responsible for processing at any time.
9. Data Protection for Applications and During the Application Process
The entity responsible for processing collects and processes the personal data of applicants for the purpose of processing the application. Processing can also be done electronically. This is particularly the case if an applicant sends corresponding application documents to the entity responsible for processing electronically, for example, by email or via a form on the website. If the entity responsible for processing concludes an employment contract with an applicant, the data transmitted will be stored for the purpose of processing the employment relationship in compliance with the statutory provisions. If the entity responsible for processing does not conclude an employment contract with the applicant, the application documents shall be deleted automatically three months after notification of the decision of refusal, provided that no other legitimate interests of the entity responsible for processing contradict deletion. Other legitimate interest in this sense is, for example, a burden of proof in proceedings under the General Equal Opportunity Act (German Allgemeinen Gleichbehandlungsgesetz - AGG).
Art. 6 I letter a GDPR serves as a legal basis for processing where we obtain consent for a specific processing purpose. If processing of personal data is necessary for fulfilling a contract where the the data subject is a contracting party, as is the case for example, when processing is necessary for the delivery of goods or the provision of other services or return services, processing is based on Art. 6 I letter b GDPR. The same applies to necessary for precontractual purposes, for example, for enquiries on our products or services. If our company is subject to a legal obligation that requires processing of personal data, for example to fulfil tax obligations, the processing is based on Art. 6 I letter c GDPR. In rare cases, it may be necessary to process personal data in order to protect the vital interests of the data subject or any other natural person. This would be the case for example, when a visitor were injured on our company premises and his name, age, health insurance data or other vital information had to be passed on to a doctor, a hospital or other third parties. Processing would then be based on Art. 6 I letter d GDPR. Ultimately, processing could be based on Art. 6 I letter f GDPR. Processing not covered by any of the aforementioned legal provisions are based on this legal framework if processing is necessary to safeguard a legitimate interest of our company or a third party, provided the interests, fundamental rights and freedom of the data subject do not prevail. Such processing is permitted in particular when it has been mentioned specifically by the European legislator. In this respect, the European legislator took the view that a legitimate interest could be assumed if the person affected is a customer of the person responsible (recital 47, second sentence, GDPR).
11. Justified Interests in Processing Pursued by Entity Responsible or a Third Party
If processing of personal data is based on Article 6 I letter f GDPR, it is in our legitimate interest to conduct our business for the well-being of all our employees and our shareholders.
Personal data is stored only as long as needed for the purpose of processing your enquiry. If no further statutory obligation for storing personal data is necessary, it will be deleted after processing.
13. Legal or Contractual Regulations for the Provision of Personal Data; Necessity for Conclusion of the Contract; Obligation of the Data Subject to Provide Personal Data; Possible Consequences of Failure to Provide
We inform you that provision of personal data is partly required by law (e.g., tax regulations) or may also result from contractual regulations (e.g., information on the contractual partner). In some cases, it may be necessary for a contract to be concluded if a data subject provides us with personal data that we must subsequently process. For example, the person affected is obliged to provide us with personal data if our company enters into a contract with him/her. Failure to provide personal data would mean that the contract with the data subject could not be concluded. Before personal data is provided by the data subject, the data subject must contact our data protection officer. Our data protection officer will inform the data subject on a case-by-case basis whether provision of personal data is required by law or contract or required for the conclusion of the contract, whether there is an obligation to provide the personal data and what consequences failure to provide the personal data would have.
It may be possible that social plug-ins ("plug-ins") of the social network facebook.com operated by Facebook Inc., 1601 S. California Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA ("Facebook") are used on the PI Internet pages. This relates in particular to the "Like" button of Facebook.
When you visit one of our Internet pages that includes such a plug-in, your browser will establish a direct connection to the Facebook servers. Facebook will transmit the content of the plug-in directly to your browser, which will include it into the Internet page. By the integration of the plug-ins, Facebook will receive the information that you have accessed the Internet page concerned. If you are logged in into your Facebook account while visiting the website, Facebook can assign the visit to your Facebook account. When you interact with the plug-ins, e.g. by pressing the "Like" button" or writing a comment, the corresponding information will be transmitted directly to Facebook by your browser and stored there.
For the purpose and the scope of the data collection and the further processing and use of the data by Facebook as well as your rights and the setting options for protecting your privacy, please refer to the >> data protection information of Facebook.
If you do not want that Facebook assigns the visit on our website to your Facebook account, you have to log out of Facebook before visiting our website.
We continue to use the LinkedIn "Share function" on our website. The provider is LinkedIn Corporation, 2029 Stierlin Court, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA. If you are logged into LinkedIn and click the "Share" button (plug-in), you will be redirected to your user account in a separate browser window and can add a comment and then share the electronic publication deposited on our website. The plug-in is used to connect your browser directly to the LinkedIn server. This means that LinkedIn receives information on your IP address and your visit to our website. It will also be possible for LinkedIn to associate your visit to our website with you and your user account. We point out that we are not given any information on the content of the personal data transmitted or its use by LinkedIn. Please read LinkedIn's data protection policy for further information: https://www.linkedin.com/legal/privacy-policy.
We also use XING's "Share" function on our website. The provider is XING AG, Dammtorstraße 29-32, 20354 Hamburg, Germany. If you are logged into XING and you click the "Share" button (plug-in), you will be redirected to your user account in a separate browser window and can add a comment and then share the electronic publication deposited on our website. The plug-in is used to connect your browser directly to the XING server. This means that XING receives information on your IP address and your visit to our website. We point out that we are not given any information on the content of the personal data transmitted or its use by XING. Please read XING's data protection policy for further information: https://www.xing.com/app/share?op=data_protection.
We have integrated plug-ins on our website from Twitter Inc. You can recognize the Twitter plug-ins (tweet button) by the Twitter logo on our site. An overview of the tweet buttons is here (https://about.twitter.com/resources/buttons). When you go to one of our web pages, the plug-in connects your browser directly to the Twitter server. This means that Twitter receives information on your IP address and your visit to our website. If you click the "tweet button" while you are logged into your Twitter account, you will be able to link the contents of our site to your Twitter profile. This means that Twitter can associate the visit to our website with your user account. As provider, we point out that we are not given any information on the content of the personal data transmitted or its use by Twitter. If you do not want Twitter to associate your visit to our website, please log out of your Twitter account. Further information on Twitter's data privacy policy can be found here (https://twitter.com/privacy).
15. Privacy Policy on the Use and Application of YouTube
The entity responsible for processing has integrated components of YouTube into this website. YouTube is an Internet video portal that allows video publishers to post video clips and other users to view, rate and comment on them free of charge. YouTube allows the publication of all types of videos, which is the reason why film and television programs, music videos, trailers or videos produced by users themselves can be called up via the Internet portal.
YouTube is operated by YouTube, LLC, 901 Cherry Ave, San Bruno, CA 94066, USA. YouTube, LLC is a subsidiary of Google Inc, 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy, Mountain View, CA 94043-1351, USA.
Each time and page of this website is accessed that is operated by the entity responsible for processing and where YouTube component (YouTube video) has been integrated, the Internet browser on the information technology system of the person affected is automatically prompted by the respective YouTube component to download a representation of the corresponding YouTube component. More information on YouTube can be found at https://www.youtube.com/yt/about/de. In the course of this technical procedure, YouTube and Google are informed which specific subpage of our website is visited by the person concerned. If the person affected is logged on to YouTube at the same time, YouTube recognizes which specific subpage of our website the person concerned visits by calling up a subpage that contains a YouTube video. This information is collected by YouTube and Google and assigned to the respective YouTube account of the person affected.
YouTube and Google receive information via the YouTube component that the person affected has visited our website whenever the person affected is logged on to YouTube at the same time as accessing our website; this happens irrespective of whether the person affected clicks on a YouTube video or not. If transmission of this information to YouTube and Google is not desired by the person affected, they can prevent transmission by logging out of their YouTube account before calling up our website.
The data protection regulations published by YouTube, which can be accessed at https://www.google.de/intl/de/policies/privacy/, provide information about the collection, processing, and use of personal data by YouTube and Google.
This website uses Google Analytics, a web analysing service of Google Inc. ("Google"). Google Analytics uses cookies that permit an analysis of how you have used the website. The information concerning your use of this website (including your IP address) created by the cookie is transmitted to a Google server in the USA and stored there. But if the IP anonymization is activated on this website, the IP address will be truncated before it is transmitted within the member states of the European Union or other states that are contracting parties of the Agreement on the European Economic Area. Only in exceptional cases will the full IP address be transmitted to a Google server in the USA and truncated there. Google will use this information in order to evaluate your use of the website, to prepare reports about the website activities for the website operators and to provide further services connected to the use of the website and the Internet. Google might also transmit this information to a third party as far as this is legally required or if third parties process these data on behalf of Google.
In no case shall Google establish a connection between your IP address with other data stored by Google.
Most browsers accept cookies automatically. You can prevent this by modifying the settings of your browser. But we explicitly point out that you may then be no longer able to use all functions of the PI website to the full extent.
By using this website, you consent to the processing of the data collected about you by Google in the way and for the purpose described above.
Another possibility to prevent the transmission of data to Google Analytics: >> Google Analytics Opt-out Browser Add-ons.
You can deactivate the function of having your data recorded by Google Analytics by clicking on the following link. An opt-out cookie will be set that prevents your data from being recorded when visiting this website: >> Deactivate Google Analytics.
This website uses Hotjar in order to better understand our users' needs and to optimize this service and experience. Hotjar is a technology service that helps us better understand our users experience (e.g. how much time they spend on which pages, which links they choose to click, what users do and don't like, etc.) and this enables us to build and maintain our service with user feedback. Hotjar uses cookies and other technologies to collect data on our users' behavior and their devices (in particular device's IP address (captured and stored only in anonymized form), device screen size, device type (unique device identifiers), browser information, geographic location (country only), preferred language used to display our website). Hotjar stores this information in a pseudonymized user profile. Neither Hotjar nor we will ever use this information to identify individual users or to match it with further data on an individual user. For further details, please see Hotjar's privacy policy by clicking on >> this link.
You can opt-out to the creation of a user profile, Hotjar's storing of data about your usage of our site and Hotjar's use of tracking cookies on other websites by following this >> opt-out link.
This website uses Leadfeeder, a website visitor tracking software from the finnish company Liidio Oy, Mikonkatu 17 C, 00100 Helsinki; team@leadfeeder.com; +358504303422. This service connects data from Google Analytics with lists of IP addresses from recognised companies. In this way, we are able to connect website sessions and website visitor behaviour with a company contact. We use this to generate leads. As we anonymize all IP addresses before transfering them to Google Analytics, there is no possibility to connect the recorded data to a specific person. You can prevent the transmission of data to Leadfeeder by using one of the options to deactivate Google Analytics mentioned above. Please see Leadfeeder's privacy policy by clicking on >> this link.
This website uses ClickDimensions, a website tracking service operated by ClickDimensions LLC, 5901 Peachtree Dunwoody Road, NE suite B500 Atlanta, GA 30328 United States. This software connects anonymous data from website visits with lists of IP addresses of known companies. In this way, website visits and user behaviour on the website can be associated with companies. ClickDimensions is certified for compliance with the EU-US Privacy Shield Agreement and the Swiss-US Privacy Shield Agreement. ClickDimensions' current privacy policy can be found >> here
∞ possibilities with PI motion & positioning
Physik Instrumente (PI) GmbH & Co. KG
Auf der Roemerstrasse 1
Phone +49 721 4846-0
Email info@pi.ws
Product Documentation & Software
linkedintwitteryoutubeblog
© 1996-2020 PI Benelux BV
Contact Jeroen!
benelux@pi.ws


Are you interested in adding a personal touch to your home or office space, but don't know how or where to start? No matter what the style of your home or commercial space, you can trust that we have all of the materials to help you create the interior of your dreams with our custom window treatments in Western Colorado and Glenwood Springs.
We proudly serve the entire Western Colorado community – from Aspen to Rifle, Gypsum to Vail. At Gotcha Covered, our team of experienced design consultants are experts in helping you find the right window treatments for your home or business. From classic blinds to modern shades, we can outfit your home or office with quality window treatments that will last. We carry an extensive product line from all of the top manufacturers, including Hunter Douglas, Graber, MechoSystems, and many more.
Call Gotcha Covered of Western Colorado at (970) 236-9726 to schedule your free design consultation today!
From shades and draperies to bedding ensembles, our design consultants know how to help you bring your ideas to life by using resources from the best manufacturers and customizing them to meet your standards. Our goal is to exceed expectations with every service and create an interior that fits your exact needs and preferences.
We offer free in-home consultations where our Certified Window Fashion Professionals can help you with the design and functionality of your window treatments. Gotcha Covered caters to every budget, from elaborate to simple. Visit our showroom located at 1001 Grand Avenue, Glenwood Springs, in the Tamarack Building to view, touch and select what window fashions will look best in your home or call us to schedule an appointment.
Contact us to learn more about our window treatment services in Glenwood Springs and many other areas in Western Colorado. Call (970) 236-9726 to reach us today!
Learn more about the top-quality products and excellent services provided by the team at Gotcha Covered of Western Colorado. When it comes to understanding the importance of window treatments, no one knows better than us! If you want to upgrade or replace your window treatments, call us today.
When you are ready to get started, fill out one of our contact forms. A member of our team will schedule a design consultation with you and from there we will determine what kinds of treatments you are looking for, your preferences, and more.


text:
Q: Form of minimal integral Weierstrass equation for elliptic curve over $Q$ with good reduction at $2$ and $3$. If $E$ is an elliptic curve over $\mathbb{Q}$ which has good reduction at $2$ and $3$, is it always possible to find a minimal integral Weierstrass equation for $E$ of the form $y^2 = x^3 + Ax + B$ ($A,B \in \mathbb{Z}$)?  Minimal here means that the absolute value of the discriminant $\Delta = -16(4A^3 + 27B^2)$ of the equation is minimal.

A: The answer is no. Consider the elliptic curve $E$ with Cremona label "11a1" given by the Weierstrass equation
$$E:y^2 + y = x^3 - x^2 - 10x - 20.$$
The conductor of $E$ is $11$, the discriminant of this model for $E$ is $-11^5$, so this model is minimal, and $E$ has good reduction at $2$ and $3$. Now consider the model
$$E':y^2 = x^3 - 13392x - 1080432.$$
The curves $E$ and $E'$ are isomorphic over $\mathbb{Q}$, with a change of variables $\varphi:E\to E'$ that sends
$$(x,y)\mapsto (36x - 12,\ 216y + 108).$$
However, the discriminant of $E'$ is $-2^{12}3^{12}11^5$. Now, if $E''$ was another model for $E$ of the form
$$E'':y^2=x^3-Ax-B$$
with $A,B\in\mathbb{Z}$, and minimal discriminant $-11^5$, then there is a change of variables from $E''$ to $E'$ that sends $(x,y)\mapsto (x/u^2,y/u^3)$, for some $u\in\mathbb{Q}$ and therefore $13392=Au^4$ and $1080432=Bu^6$, and $\Delta(E')=\Delta(E'')\cdot u^{12}$. The equation relating discriminants says that $u=6$. However,
$$13392=2^4\cdot 3^3\cdot 31, \quad \text{ and } 1080432=2^4\cdot 3^3\cdot 41\cdot 61,$$
and such $A$ and $B\in \mathbb{Z}$ cannot exist.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Performing Arts Camp: Dr. Seuss World
July 11, 2022 @ 9:00 am - 4:00 pm
« Naturalist Camp: Wild About Nature
Discovery Story: Virginia Opossum »
Join MCPA for a fun-filled week as you sing, act, dance and play all things Seuss! During the week, you will work with MCPA's amazing teaching team and learn the art of singing, acting, and dancing. You will also get the opportunity to participate theatre games and other activities that will help build skills in character development, improv, and self-determination. At the end of the week, you will show everyone what you learned on stage through an exciting and entertaining performance, open to all. This camp is appropriate for all experience levels.
See all the camp details here! This camp will run daily July 11 – 15, 9 a.m. – 4 p.m. except on Friday, ending at 1 p.m. with a show at 5:30 p.m. Admission to the end-of-week show is $5. This camp is open to those entering grades 1-8. Registration is open until June 1, register here!
Class Series or Camps, Downtown, Family Friendly, Performing Arts and Theatre
https://www.mcpa.org/education-community/camp/performing-arts-camp
Marathon Center for the Performing Arts
200 W. Main Cross St.
Findlay, OH 45840 United States + Google Map
Other Venue Events
R.E.S.P.E.C.T.
Homeschool Ice Skating Lessons
One event on October 11, 2022 at 12:00 pm
One event on November 8, 2022 at 12:00 pm
One event on January 3, 2023 at 12:00 pm
Tales for Tots
An event every month that begins at 11:00 am on day First of the month, repeating until April 5, 2023

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Aussiblue is a new improved couch turf with a blue-green leaf colour and is vastly superior to the old favourite of Queensland Blue.
It is suitable for commercial or residential lawns in south-east Queensland.as a majority of problems have been bred out making this a sensational turf for the home lawn.
Aussiblue is best suited to sub-tropical conditions and retains colour well through winter in the right areas but can brown off due to heavy frost.
For more information on Aussiblue or our other turf varieties please contact us.


text:
Oppn unity a myth: Dilip Ghosh
Standalone: Brick kiln in Nadia
Yogi govt denies permission for Cong 'mahila marathon'
Oppn unity a myth: Dilip Ghosh... December 26, 2021
Standalone: Brick kiln in Nadia... December 26, 2021
Yogi govt denies permission for Cong 'mahila marathon'... December 26, 2021
Ashes: I have a slight tear in the rib muscles, says Hazlewood... December 26, 2021
China constructs new villages in Bhutan territory
Security, National, , , November 19, 2021, 11:02 am Daily World
New Delhi, Nov 18 : China has constructed new villages in Bhutan territory near Doklam in the last one year, new satellite images have revealed. The images show that four villages were built by China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) in about 100 sq.km. area between May 2020 and November 2021. It seems that construction started at the same time when the PLA had ingressed into Indian territory at multiple locations in eastern Ladakh and the Sikkim sector. The Doklam plateau was in the limelight in 2017 when the Indian Army and the China's PLA were locked in the stand-off for over 70 days. The Chinese had to retreat from the area after the Indian troops contested the plateau. Doklam is an area of 100 sq.km comprising a plateau and a valley at the tri-junction between India, China and Bhutan. It is circled by the Chumbi Valley of Tibet, Bhutan's Ha Valley and India's Sikkim. In 2017, China was making infrastructural development work at Doklam to which India objected. China then claimed that there was boundary dispute between Bhutan and China and to which India had no claims. However, India refuted and stood there matching the deployment of the Chinese troops for 73 days. Last month, China and Bhutan signed a pact on a three-step roadmap to resolve their boundary disputes. In response, India said that "it has noted the development". Boundary negotiations between Bhutan and China began in 1984 and the two sides have held 24 rounds of boundary talks and 10 rounds of meeting at the expert group level. Earlier, Bhutan had objected several times to Chinese intrusion into their land. /IANS
Terrorist killed in encounter at Anantnag in J&K
Srinagar, Dec 26 : One terrorist has been killed in an encounter between terrorists and security forces at Srigufwara area in South Kashmir's Anantnag
Five Tihar inmates dead in 8 days, probe ordered
New Delhi, Dec 25 : Five prisoners at the high-security Tihar Jail in the national capital have died in the past eight days, a Delhi Police official s
Terrorist killed in gunfight in J&K's Anantnag
Srinagar, Dec 24 : One terrorist was killed in an ongoing encounter the security forces in the Mumanhal area in South Kashmir's Anantnag district on F
Security, National, ,
By Shashi Bhushan New Delhi, Dec 26 : Calling opposition unity a myth, BJP national vice president, Dilip Ghosh said that the opposition don't have a leader like Prime Minister Narendra Modi and th […]
Nadia: A labourer works at a brick kiln on a cold winter morning in Nadia, Sunday, Dec. 26, 2021. ( /PTI […]
Jhansi/Lucknow, Dec 26 : Even as the Jhansi and Lucknow district administration cancelled permission for the 'Mahila marathon' organised by the Congress on Sunday, thousands of girls collected and sho […]
Ashes: I have a slight tear in the rib muscles, says Hazlewood
Melbourne, Dec 26 : Australian pace bowler Josh Hazlewood is "still a little bit away" from regaining full fitness after he suffered a side strain in the ribs cage during the opening Test at Brisbane, […]


text:
AIDS, HEALTH, LGBTQ+, NATIONAL
January 18, 2022 Timothy Michael
CALIFORNIA, LGBTQ+, LOCAL, MEDIA, POLITICS, TRANS HEALTH
ARTS, LGBTQ+, LOCAL, LOS ANGELES, MEDIA, NEWS, TELEVISION, TRANS
LGBTQ+, LOCAL, LOS ANGELES, NEWS, TELEVISION
The Food and Drug Administration has approved the first long-acting injectable medication for use as pre-exposure prevention, or PrEP, against…
A new California law requires public colleges to update diplomas and records for transgender students who have changed their names….
Michaela Jae "MJ" Rodriguez has made history by becoming the first openly transgender person to win a Golden Globe. The…
Animal shelter donations have increased exponentially in honor of late actress gay icon and animal lover Betty White. Over the…
A new California law requires public colleges to update diplomas and records for transgender students who have changed their names....
Michaela Jae "MJ" Rodriguez has made history by becoming the first openly transgender person to win a Golden Globe. The...
Animal shelter donations have increased exponentially in honor of late actress gay icon and animal lover Betty White. Over the...
AIDS, HEALTH, LGBTQ+, LOCAL, LOS ANGELES, NATIONAL, NEWS, SPORTS
AIDS LifeCycle is back with more than $4 million raised so far for the 2022 ride benefitting the HIV/AIDS-related services...
BEST OF GAY LA, LGBTQ+, LOCAL, LONG BEACH, NATIONAL, NEWS
For the 10th year in a row Long Beach has been named one of the best cities in the nation...
LGBTQ+, LOCAL, LOS ANGELES, SPORTS
Gay Wedding At Dodger Stadium
Eric Braverman and Jonathan Cottrell will exchange vows at Dodger Stadium. Showing the progress the LA Dodgers have made as...
BUSINESS, LGBTQ+, LOCAL, LONG BEACH, NIGHTLIFE
LGBTQ Haven in Long Beach
Long Beach is quickly becoming more and more of a safe haven for LGBTQ individuals with its queer spaces exploding...
LGBTQ+, LOCAL, LONG BEACH, NEWS, POLITICS
Gerrie Schipske Enters Long Beach Mayoral Race
January 6, 2022 Timothy Michael
Gerrie Schipske announced on Thursday, December 30th that she would run for Mayor of Long Beach this year. The second-term...
LGBTQ+, MEDIA, NATIONAL, NEWS, TELEVISION
Netflix Launches LGBTQ Podcast 'The Gay Agenda'
Netflix has launched "The Gay Agenda," a new podcast that will look at the lives of LGBTQ+ creatives at the...
Thank you for visiting The Pride LA! Please sign up for our email newsletter to receive breaking news, local video features, fun events and more! It is important to know what's happening locally and we appreciate you reading, watching or following.


text:
Mr Major's Comments on the Manchester Olympics Bid – 17 February 1993
February 17, 1993 admin 1993, Manchester Olympics, Olympic Games
Below is the text of Mr Major's comments on the Manchester Olympics bid, held during an interview in London on Wednesday 17th February 1993.
[Mr Major was asked why he was supporting the Manchester Olympics bid].
PRIME MINISTER:
For several reasons really. Firstly, I would very much like to see the Olympic Games here at the millennium. I think it would be a marvellous start for the next century and I think it offers tremendous opportunities were we able to achieve the Games. But secondly, Manchester has worked extremely hard. They have tried before to get the Olympic Games there. On this occasion, they had the full support of the Government and I believe they deserve it.
[Mr Major was asked if the Government would be helping to fund the bid].
In order for the bid to go forward we have to guarantee that the facilities will be provided. Nobody wants to get to the year 2000 and find the Olympic Games facilities aren't there. I don't think there is any doubt that there will be a very substantial private sector commitment – that is already becoming apparent – but there is a large Government financial commitment as well.
[Mr Major was asked about who would fund any shortfall].
I think one needs to put this in context. We are talking of expenditure that builds up to the millennium over the next eight years or so. It isn't an expenditure just for one single event. At the conclusion of the Olympic Games, not only will there be the tremendous gain of having the Olympic Games here, we will also have seen the renovation of the whole of East Manchester. Much of that expenditure would have needed to be undertaken in any event and in addition to that of course, we will have the enduring legacy of some first-class sporting facilities in the north-west available to people in the north-west and indeed across the country as a whole.
← Mr Major's Press Conference in London – 17 February 1993
PMQT Written Answers – 17 February 1993 →