text:
Limitative | Article about limitative by The Free Dictionary
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in mathematics, value approached by a sequencesequence,
in mathematics, ordered set of mathematical quantities called terms. A sequence is said to be known if a formula can be given for any particular term using the preceding terms or using its position in the sequence.
..... Click the link for more information. or a functionfunction,
in mathematics, a relation f that assigns to each member x of some set X a corresponding member y of some set Y; y is said to be a function of x, usually denoted f(x) (read "f of x ").
..... Click the link for more information. as the index or independent variable approaches some value, possibly infinity. For example, the terms of the sequence 1-2, 1-4, 1-8, 1-16, … are obviously getting smaller and smaller; since, if enough terms are taken, one can make the last term as small, i.e., as close to zero, as one pleases, the limit of this sequence is said to be zero. Similarly, the sequence 3, 5, 3 1-2, 4 1-2, 3 3-4, 4 1-4, 3 7-8, 4 1-8, … is seen to approach 4 as a limit. However, the sequences 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, … and 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, … do not have limits. Frequently a sequence is denoted by giving an expression for the nth term, sn; e.g., the first example is denoted by sn = 1-2n. The limit, s, of a sequence can then be expressed as lim sn = s, or in the case of the example, lim 1-2n = 0 (read "the limit of 1-2n as n approaches infinity is zero"). A sequence is a special case of a function. In many functions commonly encountered, the values of the independent variable (the domain) and those of the dependent variable (the range) may be any numbers, while for a sequence the domain is restricted to the positive integers, 1, 2, 3, … . The function y = 1-2x resembles the sequence used as an example, but note that x can take on values other than 1, 2, 3, … ; thus we find not only lim 1-2x = 0 but also lim 1-2x = 4. A more precise definition of the limit of a function is: The function y = f(x) approaches a limit L as x approaches some number a if, for any positive number ε, there is a positive number δ such that |f(x) − L| < ε if 0 < |x − a| < δ. Similarly, f(x) has the limit L as x becomes infinite if for any positive ε there is a δ such that |f(x) − L| < ε if |x| > δ.
one of the basic concepts of mathematics. The limit is a constant that is approached without bound by a certain variable that depends on another variable when the latter changes in a specific way. The simplest form of the concept of limit is that of the limit of a sequence of numbers, by means of which we can define the concepts of limit of a function, limit of a sequence of points in space, and limit of so-called Riemann sums.
Limit of a sequence. Let there be given a sequence of real numbers xn, n = 1, 2, …. The number a is called the limit of this sequence if for any number ∊ > 0 there exists a number n∊ such that for all numbers n ≥ n∊, the inequality ǀxn — aǀ < ∊ is satisfied. In this case, one writes
("lim" is the first three letters of the Latin limes).
xn → a as n → ∞
If a sequence has a limit, then it is said to converge. Thus, the sequence 1/n, n = 1, 2, …, converges and has as its limit the number 0. Not every sequence has a limit; for example, the sequence 1, –1, 1, …, (—1)n+1, … does not have a limit. A sequence that does not have a limit is called divergent. In geometrical terms, the existence of a limit a for a sequence means that every neighborhood of the point a contains all but (possibly) a finite number of the terms of the given sequence.
The following formulas hold for limits of sequences:
These formulas hold under the assumption that the limits appearing in their right-hand sides exist; moreover, in the formula for the limit of the quotient xn/yn it is also necessary to require that
If xn ≤ yn and the sequences xn and yn, n = 1, 2, …, converge, then
that is, nonstrict inequalities are preserved by the limiting process: however, it does not follow from xn < yn that
then the sequence zn, n = 1, 2, …, converges to the same limit:
A sequence αn, n = 1, 2, …, which converges to zero is called a null sequence. A sequence converges to some number if and only if the difference between the terms of the sequence and this number is a null sequence; in this way, the general concept of limit of a sequence reduces to the concept of a null sequence. Thus, for example, the sequence 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, …, n/(n + 1) has 1 as its limit, since the difference 1—n/(n + 1) = 1/(n + 1), n = 1, 2, …, is a null sequence.
Every nondecreasing (nonincreasing) sequence that is bounded above (below) converges. For example, if for a given number a we denote by an the approximate value of its kth root (where k is a natural number), which has n digits after the decimal point and is less than or equal to the root, then an ≤ and therefore the sequence an converges; moreover, from the inequality ≤ 10–n it follows that
Another example of a sequence that is nondecreasing (in fact, increasing) and bounded above is the sequence of perimeters of regular polygons inscribed in a circle, which converges to the circle's circumference.
In order for an arbitrary sequence xn to converge, it is necessary and sufficient that it satisfy Cauchy's criterion: for any number ∊ > 0, there exists a number N∊ such that for all numbers m ≥ N∊ and n ≥ N∊, ǀ xn — xm ǀ ∊.
If xn, n = 1, 2, …, is a sequence such that for any number ∊ > 0 there exists a number n∊ with the property that xn > ∊ (xn < —∊) for all n ≥ n∊, then we say that the sequence converges to infinity (minus infinity) and write
These limits are said to be infinite. Sequences for which
are also of interest. For example,
It is obvious, of course, that sequences that converge to infinity or minus infinity are not convergent in the sense of the definition of convergence given earlier. In general, properties of finite limits do not carry over to infinite limits. For example, the sequences xn= n and yn = sin (nπ/2) — n converge to infinity and minus infinity, respectively, but the sequence xn + yn, n = 1, 2, …, is bounded and divergent.
Limit superior and limit inferior. From every bounded sequence we can select a convergent subsequence (the BolzanoWeierstrass theorem), and from every unbounded sequence we can select a subsequence that converges to infinity or minus infinity. Consider the (finite or infinite) limits of all convergent subsequences of a sequence xn, n = 1, 2, …. The largest of these limits is called the limit superior of xn and is denoted by
and the smallest is called the limit inferior of xn and is denoted by
A sequence has a finite or infinite limit if and only if its limit superior coincides with its limit inferior, in which case their common value is the limit of the sequence. If finite, the limit superior of a sequence may also be defined as that number a such that for any ∊ > 0 there are infinitely many terms of the sequence that are larger than a — ∊, and no more than a finite number larger than a + ∊.
Limit of a function. Let a real-valued function f be defined in some neighborhood of x0 that does not possibly contain x0. Such a neighborhood is called a deleted neighborhood of x0. The function f has a limit at x0 if for any sequence of points xn, n = 1, 2, …, xn ≠ x0, that approach x0, the sequence of functional values f(xn) converges to a number A, called the limit of the function f at x0 (or as x → x0). In symbols,
f(x) → A as x → x0
As a consequence of this definition, the properties of limits of a sum, product, and quotient of sequences can be carried over to limits of functions, as can the preservation of inequalities by the limiting process.
The definition of limit of a function may also be formulated without recourse to the concept of limit of a sequence: the number A is called the limit of the function f at the point x0 if for any number ∊ > 0 there exists a number δ > 0 such that for all points x ≠ x0 satisfying the conditions ǀx — x0 ǀ < δ, x ≠ x0, the inequality ǀf(x) — Aǀ < ∊ holds.
All fundamental elementary functions—constants, the power function xa, the exponential function ax, the trigonometric functions sin x, cos x, tan x, and cot x, and the inverse trigonometric functions arc sin x, arc cos x, arc tan x, and arc cot x—have limits at all interior points of their domain that coincide with their values at these points. But this is not true for all functions. Thus the function
which is the sum of an infinite geometric progression with ratio q = 1/(1 + x2), 0 < q < 1, has limit 1 at x = 0 (since f(x) = 1 + x2 for x ≠ 0), and this limit does not coincide with the value f(0) = 0 of f at zero. On the other hand, the function
does not have any limit as x → 0, since for the values xn = 1/(π/2 + nπ) the sequence of corresponding function values f(xn) = (—1)n does not have a limit.
In order for a function f to have a limit A as x → x0, it is necessary and sufficient that f(x) = A + α(x), where α(x) → 0 as x → x0.
If in the determination of the limit of a function f at a point x0 only points x lying to the left (right) of x0 are considered, then the limit obtained is called the left-hand limit (right-hand limit) and is denoted by
A function has a limit at a point if its left-hand limit at that point equals its right-hand limit. The concept of limit of a function can be generalized even to the case when the argument tends to infinity.
means that for any ∊ > 0 there exists a δ > 0 such that for all x satisfying the condition x > δ, the inequality
ǀf(x) – Aǀ < ∊
holds.
Examples of functions that always have limits are provided by monotone functions. Thus, if the function f is defined on the interval (a, b) and is nondecreasing, then at each point x, a < x < b, it has a finite left-hand and right-hand limit. The right-hand limit of f at a is finite if and only if f is bounded from below, and its left-hand limit at b is finite if and only if f is bounded from above. In general, a function may have a limit at a point without being monotone in any neighborhood of that point. For example, the function f(x) = x sin (1/x) tends to zero as x → 0 and oscillates an infinite number of times in every (deleted) neighborhood of zero.
A so-called intrinsic criterion (Cauchy's criterion) for the existence of a limit of a function at a point consists in the following: the function f has a limit at a point x0 if and only if for each ∊ > 0 there exists a δ > 0 such that for all points x′ and x″ fulfilling the conditions ǀx′ — x0ǀ < δ, ǀx″ — x0ǀ < δ, x′ ≠ x0, x″ ≠ x0, the inequality ǀf(x″) — f(x′ǀ) < ∊ is satisfied.
For functions, just as for sequences, one defines the concepts of infinite limits. Examples are
In these cases, the function f is said to converge to infinity (or minus infinity) as x → x0, x → x0 + 0, or x → + ∞, respectively. For example,
means that for any ∊ > 0 there exists a δ > 0 such that for all x fulfilling the condition x < —δ, the inequality f(x) > ∊ is satisfied.
EXTENSION OF THE CONCEPT OF LIMIT OF A FUNCTION. If a function f is defined on a certain set E on the real line and the point x0 is such that any neighborhood of it contains points from the set E, we say that x0 is a limit point of E. In particular, ∞ is said to be a limit point of E if E contains a sequence that converges to ∞. We define the limit of a function f at x0 relative to E (briefly, but inaccurately, the limit of f relative to E) in much the same way as the earlier concept of
except for the natural requirement that x belong to E:x∊E. In symbols,
If E is the set of natural numbers and we put f(n) = xn, n = 1, 2, …, then
reduces to
that is, the earlier concept of limit of a sequence.
The function that is equal to 0 at rational x and 1 at irrational x does not have a limit as x → 0, whereas on the set of rational numbers it has the limit zero as x → 0. The concept of limit of a real-valued function at a limit point of a set can also be carried over to the case of a function of several variables. In this case, we may speak in particular of a limit in a given direction, along a given curve, along a given surface, and so forth. In addition, functions of several variables give rise to the concept of iterated limit, when the limit is taken successively with respect to different variables, for example,
The concept of limit can also be extended to functions that may assume complex, instead of just real, values.
Limit of Riemann sums. Still another important concept of limit arises in the definition of an integral. For example, let the function f be defined on the interval [a, b]. A set {xi} of points such that
a = x0 < x1 < … < xi, < … < xn-1 < xn = b
is called a partition of the interval [a, b]. Let xi-1 ≤ ξi ≤ xi, Δxi = xi – xi-1, i = 1, 2, …, n. Then the sum f(ξ1)Δx1 + f(ξ2) Δ x2 + … + f(ξn) Δ xn is called a Riemann sum of the function f. The number A is the limit of the Riemann sums of f and is called the definite integral of f,
if for any ∊ > 0 there exists a δ > 0 such that for any partition {xi} of the interval [a, b] for which Δxi < δ and any choice of the points ξb where xi-1 ≤ ξi ≤ xi, i = 1, 2, …, n, the inequality
ǀf(ξ1) Δ x1 + f(ξ2) Δ x2 + … + f(ξn) Δ xn – Aǀ ≤ ∊
is satisfied. The limit of Riemann sums may also be introduced by means of limits of sequences.
Generalizations. In view of the diversity of the special types of limits used in mathematics, the tendency naturally arose to include them as special cases of some general concept of limit. For example, one may introduce a concept of limit that generalizes both the concepts of limit of a function and limit of Riemann sums.
A set S of nonempty subsets of some set E is said to be a directed system if for every two subsets A and B of S either A ⊂ B or B ⊂ A, and the intersection of all the sets of S is empty. Let a real-valued function f be defined on E. The number a is called the limit of f with respect to S if for any ∊ > 0 there exists a set A in S such that the inequality ǀ f(x) — aǀ < ∊ is satisfied at all points of A.
In the definition of limit of a function f at a point x0, the directed system may be taken to be the collection of all deleted neighborhoods of x0 with sufficiently small radii.
In the definition of the limit of Riemann sums of a function f given on an interval [a, b], it is necessary to consider the set E whose elements are all the possible partitions of the interval [a, b] together with choices of the ξi. The subsets Eη of the set E corresponding to partitions for which the lengths Δxi do not exceed η form a directed system. The limit of the Riemann sums (which are obviously functions defined on the set E) with respect to this directed system is the integral.
The concept of limit can be generalized to wider classes of functions, for example, functions defined on partially ordered sets or functions that map one space (metric or, more generally, topological) onto another. The problem of defining the concept of limit has been most fully solved in topology, and it means in the general case that some object, denoted by f(x), that varies with another object, denoted by x, can approach an object A as closely as desired, provided that the object x is sufficiently close to the object x0. Basic to these concepts of limit is the concept of closeness of the objects x and x0, f(x) and A, which need mathematical definition. Only after this has been done can a clear meaning be attached to the above definition of limit. Various ideas of closeness are studied in topology.
Limits of a different nature not connected with topology are also encountered, for example, the concept of limit of a sequence of sets. A sequence of sets An, n = 1, 2, …, is convergent if there exists a set A, called its limit, such that each of its elements belongs to all the sets An, beginning with a certain value of n, and all the elements in the union of all the sets An that do not belong to A belong to only a finite number of the An.
Historical survey. The ancient Greeks came close to developing the concept of limit in the calculation of areas and volumes of certain figures and solids by the method of exhaustion. Archimedes, in considering sequences of inscribed and circumscribed polygons (polyhedrons), showed by the method of exhaustion that the difference between their areas (volumes) could be made smaller than any positive quantity fixed in advance. The method of exhaustion, which was related to the idea of infinitesimals, was the germ of the theory of limits. However, the concept of limit in ancient Greek mathematics was not clearly formulated, and the foundations for a general theory of limits were not created.
A new stage in the development of the limit concept occurred with the creation of the differential and integral calculus. In their calculations of areas and volumes, Galileo, Kepler, Cavalieri, B. Pascal, and others widely used the method of "indivisibles," the method of actual infinitesimals, that is, infinitesimals which, according to their ideas, were unchangeable quantities not equal to zero but nevertheless less in absolute magnitude than any positive finite quantities. The method of exhaustion also underwent changes and developments in this period (Gregory of Saint Vincent, P. Guldin, C. Huygens).
Attempts were also made to create a general theory of limits on the basis of an intuitive concept of limit. Newton devoted the first section of the first book (De motu corporum) of his Philosophiae naturalis principia mathematica to a form of the theory of limits under the name "method of prime and ultimate ratios," which he took as the basis of his calculus of fluxions. In this theory, Newton proposed the replacement of actual infinitesimals by "potential" infinitesimals, which only in the process of changing become less in absolute magnitude than any positive finite quantity. Newton's viewpoint was a substantial step forward in the development of the idea of limit. The concept of limit, which was taken up by mathematicians of the 17th century, was gradually analyzed and refined in the 18th century by Euler, d'Alembert, L. Carnot, and the Bernoulli brothers. In this period it was only used in attempts to explain the correctness of the differential and the integral calculus and had not yet become a method for working out problems in mathematical analysis.
The modern theory of limits arose at the beginning of the 19th century in connection with the study of the properties of different classes of functions, primarily continuous functions, as well as in connection with attempts to prove the existence of a number of basic objects of mathematical analysis (integrals of functions of real and complex variables, sums of series, solutions of algebraic as well as more general equations). The concept of limit first became the basis for the construction of mathematical analysis by A. Cauchy, who obtained basic conditions for the existence of the limit of a sequence and fundamental theorems on limits. Above all, Cauchy gave the criterion for convergence of a sequence, which now bears his name. Finally, he defined the integral as the limit of what are now called Cauchy or Riemann sums and studied its properties, starting from this definition.
The concept of limit of a sequence and of a function was ultimately formulated on the basis of the theory of real numbers in the works of B. Bolzano and K. Weierstrass. Further generalizations of the concept of limit were obtained by S. O. Shamunovskii (published 1923), the American mathematicians E. H. Moore and H. L. Smith (1922), and the French mathematician H. Cartan (1937).
Aleksandrov, P. S. Vvedenie v obshchuiu teoriiu mnozhestv i funktsii. Moscow-Leningrad, 1948.
Il'in, V. A., and E. G. Pozniak. Osnovy matematicheskogo analiza, 3rd ed., vols. 1–2. Moscow, 1971–73.
Kudriavtsev, L. D. Matematicheskii analiz, 2nd ed., vols. 1–2. Moscow, 1970.
Nikol'skii, S. M. Kurs matematicheskogo analiza, vols. 1–2. Moscow, 1973.
Smirnov, V. I. Kurs vysshei matematiki, 22nd ed., vol. 1. Moscow, 1967.
L. D. KUDRIAVTSEV
[′lim·ət]
A function ƒ(x) has limit L as x tends to c if given any positive number ε (no matter how small) there is a positive number δ such that if x is in the domain of ƒ, x is not c, and | x-c | < δ,="" then="" |ƒ="">(x)-L | < ε;="" written="">
A sequence {an : n = 1, 2,…} has limit L if given a positive number ε (no matter how small), there is a positive integer N such that for all integers n greater than N, | an -L | <>
1. Maths
a. a value to which a function f(x) approaches as closely as desired as the independent variable approaches a specified value (x = a) or approaches infinity
b. a value to which a sequence an approaches arbitrarily close as n approaches infinity
c. the limit of a sequence of partial sums of a convergent infinite series
2. Maths one of the two specified values between which a definite integral is evaluated
Alarm System, Automatic
Atterberg limits
Bedding of Structures
Billon Coin
Birge-Sponer extrapolation
Boosted Power
Building Limit Line
campaign, political
Chandrasekhar limit
Chandrasekhar-Schönberg limit
chemostat
class limits
214) Indeed, the court itself seemed to be aware of the dangers of its rationale, warning that "[t]his might undermine the limitative character of the grounds for refusal listed in Article V .
International arbitration and enforcement in U.S. federal courts
The first was a direct one; the second an indirect one, to the effect that M avoids most of the limitative theorems of classical metatheory.
On inconsistent arithmetics: a reply to Denyer
By virtue of Godel's limitative results, a syntax language must be mathematically stronger than the object language.
Carnap and Kuhn: arch enemies or close allies?
Not content with that, Meletus adds to [GREEK TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII] the limitative and emphatic particle [GREEK TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII].
The interrogation of Meletus: 'Apology' 24c4-28a1
Les partisans de l'existence de la servitude personnelle comptent notamment Madeleine Cantin Cumyn, << De l'existence et du regime juridique des droits reels de jouissance innommes : essai sur l'enumeration limitative des droits reels>> (1986) 46:1 R du B 3 aux pp 17-18, 21-23, 47 [Cantin Cumyn, << Existence >>]; Camille Charron, << Ce droit reel meconnu : la servitude personnelle >> (1982) 42:3 R du B 446; Lamontagne, Biens et propriete, supra note 112 aux pp 406-09.
L'environnement a l'epreuve du droit des biens
In this context, the same article of Law no 506/2004 establishes as a principle the rule of consent anytime the personal data or traffic data are subject of a processing operation, while the exemptions are expressly given in a very limitative register.
Processing personal data by cookies
beaucoup moins que]La liste n'est pas limitative et change chaque annee selon les programmateurs et associations locales.
Plusieurs films a l'affiche
The NCC limits the fiduciaries to two categories (the enumeration of the NCC is limitative, in conclusion no other person or institution may become fiduciary): credit institutions, investment companies, financial investment services companies, insurance and reinsurance companies; lawyers and public notaries.
Fiducia in the new Romanian Civil Code
Drought is considered to be the most important non-living limitative element of growth and yield in plants [9].
The effect of irrigation-off on some growth stages and Zinc Sulfate spraying on the concentration of different elements in corn hybrid K.S.C. 704
It would therefore be limitative to define La Storia as an example of fiction as it encapsulates biographical elements of the author herself.
Crises, suffering and breakdowns: re-shaping intimate identity in Elsa Morante's La Storia
the transmission of a force of potential that cannot but be felt, simultaneously doubling, enabling, and ultimately counteracting the limitative selections of apparatuses of actualization and implantation" (Massumi, 2002, page 43).
The interruption: investigating subjectivation and affect
Elle met en garde contre l'adoption d'une definition trop limitative du concept de culture : <<Social or cultural contexts are not capable of being reduced to checklists of sets of practices, beliefs or meanings.
Le statut du francais au sein de la profession juridique en Ontario: reflexions sur le droit d'exiger une audience devant des membres de panel d'audition qui s'expriment en francais au Comite d'audition du Barreau du Haut-Canada
Limit Cycle
limit design
limit dimensioning method
limit governor
limit inferior
limit lines
limit load factor
limit of detection
limit of fire
limit of proportionality
limit of resolution
limit of the atmosphere
limit on the left
limit on the right
Limit Point
limit priority
limit ratio
limit speed
limit stop
limit superior
Limit Theorems
limit velocity
limitation
limitative
limited chromosome
limited combustible material
limited integrator
limited panel
limited panel flying
limited proportionality region
limited signal
limited space-charge accumulation mode
limited traverse
limited-access data
limited-access highway
limited-degree-of-freedom robot
limited-distance modem
limited-entry decision table
limited-pressure cycle
limited-rotation hydraulic actuator
limited-sequence robot
limiter circuit
Limiter Diode
Limiter, Current
limiting
limiting current density
Limitations and Exclusions
Limitations of Actions
Limitations on Asset Disposition
Limitations on Asset Dispositions
Limitations on Conversion
Limitations on Heart Balm Actions
Limitations on Lien
Limitations on Liens
Limitations on Merger Consolidation or Sale
Limitations on Merger, Consolidation or Sale
Limitations on Merger, Consolidation, or Sale
Limitations on Recovery of Damages
Limitations On Sale and Leaseback
Limitations On Sale-and-Leaseback
Limitations, Statutes of
Límite
Limite Impiego Calendariale
Limite Inférieure d'Explosivité
Limite Supérieure d'Explosibilité
Limited (disambiguation)
Limited Access Authorization
Limited Access Control
limited access highway
Limited Access Privilege Program
limited access route
Limited Access System Administrative Fund
Limited Action Set
Limited Active Duty Service Commitment


text:
comments: true
date: 2011-11-13 11:13:00
layout: post
title: "To have music in your life…"
excerpt: "Taylor Swift talks about music."
categories: notech
---

GTGOM - Taylor Swift from Music Business Association on Vimeo.

> "… to have music in your life is a gift!"
> — [Taylor Swift](http://www.taylorswift.com)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Only Skin Deep
Ron Gershman and Sara Rytteke
This two-person show examines the media's depiction of "the model woman" and how it influences women's self perceptions. Giving a male and female perspective, both artists play with notions of beauty, glamour, and the signals that females receive on a daily basis from youth on.Ron Gershman
Sara Rytteke: You're Such a Doll
Rytteke focuses on the toys of girls' pastimes, such as paper dolls. By reinventing herself in the apparel of women throughout the decades, she calls attention to the extent that clothing and fashion trends sway female attitudes at an early age.
"Our earliest influences are the toys we play with...they are our earliest role models outside our immediate world. The values of pop-culture play a part in our lives. Does the information change how we construct our identity? Is who were are the same as it was after the influence of culture?"
— Sara Rytteke
Ron Gershman: The Secret Lives of Mannequins
Gershman's mannequins elicit a double-take, as their lifelike resemblance reinforces the façade of perfection. A closer examination challenges our perception further when secrets are revealed to us through wry captions that accompany the photos. Cheeky as the secrets may be, Gershman is attacking the dangerous misconception that beautiful people live beautiful lives and exposing the tension between our striving for a personal identity and the forces that compel us to social conformity. Surrounded by mannequin-like models, reinforced by endless digital retouching, our society has come to accept these artificial constructs as real representations of people.
"These mannequins have reached the pinnacle of their profession. They appear in the main front windows of leading fashion and fetish boutiques of the world. The candid pictures were taken of them on an average day at work. None of these images were posed or staged and all were shot from the vantage point of the sidewalk, as they are normally seen. Insights and personal details were obtained directly from the mannequins. Although limited to non-verbal communication, with time and patience, a wealth of information was revealed about their private lives."
— Ron Gershman

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Speed Gamers are a year old, and the Zelda Marathon '09 is over. We discuss the last marathon, the Zelda series in general and answer your questions.
Previous PostFettouhi unboxes the Street Fighter 4 Collectors EditionNext PostAugust Marathon details revealed!
you guys are awesome. congrats to your success and i hope all the charities appreciate your endeavors.


I'd like to get some feedback from the people here.
I sat in on the Canvas Data pre-conferences and the extra discussion we had on the data schema at InstructureCon 2016 Tuesday 7/19. Matt Smith (data engineer at Instructure) suggested we give some feedback on changing the data schema from a Dimensional model to an Entity-Relationship model. I thought this was a great idea and I am for it. What do you all think?
I wasn't able to make InstructureCon this year. Could you provide more context for those of us who missed it? Was this "just a question" or did he provide some thoughts about why they were considering it?
When I first started looking into Canvas Data, it was the first time I had encountered dimensional modeling and everything prior to that had been entity relationship. I had to do a lot of research at the beginning to even figure out what a dimensional model was.
It seemed that dimensional modeling was useful for data warehousing and that entity relationship was useful for creating data. Dimensional modeling attempted to pull all of the associated fields together into one spot so the person didn't have to know all of the back-end relationships of the original program, while entity relationships allowed you to normalize and reduce repetition, leading to smaller sizes, but you had to know how things were linked together and thus more complex, possibly removing it from the hands of normal users.
Dimensional modeling would allow someone to download just the (for example) discussions data without having to download and understand the entire data set. Entity relationships would require that you download a bunch of little tables and understand how all of them are related to do any querying.
There is a common theme of complexity of entity relationships and simplicity of dimensional modeling that is inferred from the above that I never saw realized.
We don't have access to the redshift data, so we're downloading the flat files and then putting into our own database. While dimensional modeling data might be useful for snapshot, we were less interested in long term data archiving than we were having access to our data so that we could run reports. If we had wanted to archive things, they would have based on trying to keep a permanent record of previous semesters for accreditation purposes or for grade appeals. Our health professions people want the ability to archive a course with all of the user data for up to 10 years. Canvas Data doesn't currently give us that. While Canvas Data allows us to archive parts of the course, it misses some big items like the student responses to quiz questions. Thus the argument of data warehousing and data archival isn't really met for us by the current implementation of Canvas Data.
As it is, every day's update includes all of the old data as well as any changes, so we have a full database that takes a long time to load instead of a quick incremental load. It also takes us a long time to process queries and recreate indices because of the sheer volume of information. I will grant that we're trying to hobble stuff together because of a lack of money, so maybe my experiences aren't typical.
For me, incremental loads are the biggest time-saver, but the most useful thing would be access to all of the data, not just the data that Canvas deems we should have access to. I find myself not using Canvas Data much because the things we would like to do, like investigate suspected cheating, identify poorly designed quizzes, or track student progress just aren't there. We have Drop Out Detective, but only for our online courses. The others would require API calls, which our online learning staff don't have the skill set to do and I'm a full time math professor who does Canvas as part of an extra duty assignment beyond my teaching load.
Now it sounds like I'm making the case for entity relationship. And I may be because that's what is familiar to me. However, the dimensional model allows Canvas to make sure that all of the data is in sync with each other as part of the extraction process. While it sounds great to say "Just give us all of the tables for everything and let us figure out what to do with them", it also means that we would have to alter our database schema every time Canvas changes theirs, rather than Canvas watching the changes and reflecting them in the dimensional modeling. Also, there are certain tables that we should not have access to, because they contain user authentication data.
So, I think that yes, I would prefer entity relationships over dimensional modeling for what I hope to accomplish using Canvas Data. But the real problem we face isn't going to be solve by just switching models, which is why it would be nice to know more about what was said at the presentation.


It is neither good nor desirable to eliminate all competition. But that said, no one wants their biggest competitor to move in right next-door. It can put them out of business.
Keeping competitors at bay is not always possible, but when a company rents space in a commercial building there are some provisions in a lease that can protect them.
First of all, it can be possible to keep a direct competitor out of the building or complex you are in entirely.
But even when that is not possible, concessions can be negotiated in a lease for when a competitor moves in. Businesses can request a rent reduction or better signage. Or they can have an escape clause if they lose too much revenue to the competing business.The best time to negotiate these things is before signing a lease. Before signing, the signatory's leverage is virtually always strongest.
But sometimes there are ways to fix things after a competitor moves in.
Leases generally need to be renewed. A business owner may ask for concessions if they are to renew.
Sometimes owners do not even read their leases before signing (that is a TERRIBLE idea), but it is possible to get lucky. Non-compete conditions are common in commercial leases. And sometimes businesses are protected by a non-compete they were not even aware of.
So not matter where you are in your lease, if a competitor is damaging your business, it is worth having your lease looked at by a competent attorney to see what can be done.


text:
This Artist Played Different Foods on a Set of Turntables
Credit: © Getty Images/RooM RF
Food inherently makes plenty of sounds: sizzling, crunching, plopping. Typically, these noises are the result of cooking or eating or dropping a pancake on the floor. But artist, musician and composer Matthew Herbert had a different idea. He wanted to play food on a record player?
This bizarre idea resulted in "Edible Sounds," an event held on March 16 at the Science Gallery London. According to the gallery, at the performance Herbert amplified the "sounds of raw natural foods, such as potato and celeriac, alongside processed foods such as refined sugar, cheese and reformed meat" with the help of turntables and a speaker system.
Related: WAFFLE HOUSE HAS ITS OWN RECORD LABEL JUST TO RELEASE SONGS ABOUT WAFFLE HOUSE
Via his Twitter account, Herbert showed off photos of a record made from brown sugar and another made from a tortilla that he proclaimed was "playable on normal hifi [but] unlikely to be delicious." According to Pitchfork, all in all there were records made of everything from cheese to ham to eggplant to onions, and afterwards, the food-based audio recordings were fed to the audience.
Related: THIS TORTILLA RECORD IS BOTH PLAYABLE AND EDIBLE
Unfortunately, not many videos capturing the actual performance have surfaced and what is available, like this extremely short video on Facebook, aren't particularly enthralling. I guess there's a reason Led Zeppelin consisted of guitar, bass, drums and vocals instead of butternut squash, sweet potato, celeriac and tortilla.
Maybe Herbert should talk to this dude who was able to make a tortilla record that plays the Mexican Hat Dance. It's not as high-minded, but it scored him nearly a million views on YouTube.
[h/t Laughing Squid]


text:
1444905 Susy Emanuele Durante-Mangoni emanuele.durante@unicampania.it 2021-11-27 15:19:41 2021-11-27 15:19:41
231837 rosa.zampino@unicampania.it No 2021-11-19 07:52:19 2021-11-19 07:52:19
231838 domenico.iossa@unicampania.it No 2021-11-19 07:52:19 2021-11-19 07:52:19
231839 mariapaola.ursi@hotmail.com No 2021-11-19 07:52:19 2021-11-19 07:52:19
231840 lorenzo.bertolino91@gmail.com No 2021-11-19 07:52:19 2021-11-19 07:52:19
231841 arta.karruli@unicampania.it No 2021-11-19 07:52:19 2021-11-19 07:52:19
231842 rossellamolaro@libero.it No 2021-11-19 07:52:19 2021-11-19 07:52:19
231843 gennaro.esposito6@studenti.unicampania.it No 2021-11-19 07:52:19 2021-11-19 07:52:19
231844 martina.vitrone@yahoo.it No 2021-11-19 07:52:19 2021-11-19 07:52:19
231845 fabianadamico@libero.it No 2021-11-19 07:52:19 2021-11-19 07:52:19
231846 rosa.albisinni@libero.it No 2021-11-19 07:52:19 2021-11-19 07:52:19
79368 emanuele.durante@unicampania.it Emanuele Durante-Mangoni 1 2021-11-19 07:52:19 2021-11-27 15:19:41
80968 beatrix.zheng@mdpi.com Beatrix Zheng 2 2021-11-30 01:51:45 2021-11-30 01:51:47
Maria Pia Ferraz
Good work. Very good!
Acute Infective Endocarditis
Subjects: Infectious Diseases
Emanuele Durante-Mangoni
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a potentially fatal disease with a mortality rate of over 20%, largely unmodified over recent decades. Mechanisms of IE pathogenesis are still incompletely understood but involve bacteria, host immune responses and the coagulation system.
Vegetations, the pathologic hallmark of IE, consist of a fibrin mesh wherein platelets and bacteria are embedded. Vegetations form as a consequence of a pathological thrombo-inflammatory reaction and underlie the progression of the disease and its complications, including heart valve destruction and septic embolic events [1][2]. The first step in vegetation formation encompasses an abnormal immune thrombotic reaction with subsequent bacterial entrapment [3][4]. Among major IE causative pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus directly promotes coagulation, generating thrombin-like activity by staphylocoagulase and von Willebrand factor (vWF)-binding protein, making up staphylothrombin [5]. Staphylothrombin mediates the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin and initiates platelet (PLT) aggregation [6]. Intriguingly, the inhibition of staphylothrombin by dabigatran was safe and effective in reducing coagulation activation, time to blood culture clearance and metastatic foci of infection in S. aureus bacteremia, including IE [7].
These data strongly suggest it could be beneficial to monitor and modulate coagulation in IE. Among coagulation parameters, D-dimers have been previously identified as a marker able to provide important insights into the infection-related coagulation abnormalities [8][9][10]. Three studies have evaluated the prognostic role of D-dimers in IE. Turak and colleagues suggested that high D-dimers levels on admission could identify IE patients at increased risk for in-hospital mortality [11]. Lin et al. found D-dimers as a prognostic factor of in-hospital adverse events and six-month mortality [12], while Xu et al. found that higher plasma D-dimers levels were predictive of ischemic stroke in 173 patients with IE [13]. However, use of coagulation markers in the prediction of IE prognosis has not yet entered into clinical practice [14].
2. Coagulation and Inflammation
Coagulation and inflammation are closely linked, and a prothrombotic tendency is often observed in acute infectious diseases [4][15]. In the present study, we evaluated the association of hemostasis parameters with the severity and prognosis of IE. Being inexpensive routine tests, easy to obtain in every hospital, coagulation parameter assessments could improve the clinical management of IE.
Derived from one of the largest single-center cohorts of IE where hemostasis has been studied, our data suggest that coagulation parameters are strictly tied to the course and outcome of the disease. D-dimers were independently associated with in-hospital mortality, whereas aPTT was a predictor of 1-year mortality. In addition, higher levels of D-dimers and shorter aPTT, both signaling a pro-coagulant state, translated into a higher risk of embolic events. In contrast, the significance of PLT and fibrinogen levels remains unclear from our data.
Among coagulation parameters, D-dimers have received the most interest, and their use in clinical practice is well established. Our results corroborate previous data suggesting a predictive value of D-dimers for the short-term prognosis of IE and the prediction of embolism [11][12][16][17] and septic embolic stroke [13]. Consistently, Meini et al. recently found that very high levels of D-dimers signaled a worse in-hospital outcome in patients with acute, severe infections [8].
Interestingly, aPTT levels also showed predictive value for IE outcomes. Their association with 1-year mortality needs to be elaborated as, to the best of our knowledge, no prior similar data exist. Apparently, a shorter aPTT implies a prothrombotic state that associates with IE embolic complications and staphylococcal etiology. Whether this relates to factor VIII or vVF levels remains to be studied. In contrast, longer aPTT may be associated with other forms of coagulopathy that signal a reduced chance of survival. PT-INR and aPTT are modified by anticoagulant treatment in patients with prosthetic valves or atrial fibrillation, and it is well known that PVE and arrhythmias imply a worse IE outcome and a higher incidence of embolism [18][19][20]. Overall, it is interesting to note that common coagulation parameters may provide more clinically relevant information in IE than other parameters that are more complex to obtain, such as homocysteine [21] and prothrombotic genetic polymorphisms [22].
Etiology also appeared to have an impact on coagulation function in IE. S. aureus was significantly associated with higher D-dimers levels and shorter aPTT, confirming and further supporting previous data about the role of S. aureus in the coagulation imbalance in IE [5][6]. Further investigation of the role of staphylothrombin inhibition by direct anticoagulants in S. aureus IE [7] seems warranted.
Comorbidities were common in our cohort, and a CCI ≥ 4 was associated with specific changes in hemostasis parameters. Since previous studies highlighted the negative effect of comorbidities on IE outcome [23][24][25], we hypothesize that changes in coagulation function could represent one possible link between these two factors.
This entry is adapted from 10.3390/jcm10225386
Liesenborghs, L.; Meyers, S.; Vanassche, T.; Verhamme, P. Coagulation: At the heart of infective endocarditis. J. Thromb. Haemost. 2020, 18, 995–1008.
Vanassche, T.; Peetermans, W.E.; Herregods, M.-C.; Herijgers, P.; Verhamme, P. Anti-thrombotic therapy in infective endocarditis. Expert Rev. Cardiovasc. Ther. 2011, 9, 1203–1219.
Schwarz, C.; Hoerr, V.; Töre, Y.; Hösker, V.; Hansen, U.; Van De Vyver, H.; Niemann, S.; Kuhlmann, M.T.; Jeibmann, A.; Wildgruber, M.; et al. Isolating Crucial Steps in Induction of Infective Endocarditis with Preclinical Modeling of Host Pathogen Interaction. Front. Microbiol. 2020, 11, 1325.
Verhamme, P.; Hoylaerts, M.F. Hemostasis and inflammation: Two of a kind? Thromb. J. 2009, 7, 15.
Liesenborghs, L.; Verhamme, P.; Vanassche, T. Staphylococcus aureus, master manipulator of the human hemostatic system. J. Thromb. Haemost. 2018, 16, 441–454.
Vanassche, T.; Kauskot, A.; Verhaegen, J.; Peetermans, W.E.; van Ryn, J.; Schneewind, O.; Hoylaerts, M.F.; Verhamme, P. Fibrin formation by staphylothrombin facilitates Staphylococcus aureus-induced platelet aggregation. Thromb. Haemost. 2012, 107, 1107–1121.
Peetermans, M.; Liesenborghs, L.; Peerlinck, K.; Van Wijngaerden, E.; Gheysens, O.; Goffin, K.E.; Hoylaerts, M.F.; Jacquemin, M.; Verhaegen, J.; Peetermans, W.E.; et al. Targeting Coagulase Activity in Staphylococcus aureus Bacteraemia: A Randomized Controlled Single-Centre Trial of Staphylothrombin Inhibition. Thromb. Haemost. 2018, 118, 818–829.
Meini, S.; Sozio, E.; Bertolino, G.; Sbrana, F.; Ripoli, A.; Pallotto, C.; Viaggi, B.; Andreini, R.; Attanasio, V.; Rescigno, C.; et al. D-Dimer as Biomarker for Early Prediction of Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Severe Invasive Infections Due to Streptococcus Pneumoniae and Neisseria Meningitidis. Front. Med. 2021, 8, 627830.
Scharrer, I. Procoagulant activity during viral infections. Front. Biosci. 2018, 23, 1060–1081.
Sharma, S.K.; Rohatgi, A.; Bajaj, M.; Sprung, C.L.; Morales, R.C.; Kasdan, H.; Reiter, A.; Volker, T.; Meissonnier, J.; Beloborodova, N.; et al. Sepsis 2016 Agra, India. Crit. Care 2016, 20, 45.
Turak, O.; Canpolat, U.; Özcan, F.; Yayla, Ç.; Mendi, M.A.; Öksüz, F.; Tok, D.; Tok, D.; Çağlı, K.; Gölbaşı, Z. D-dimer level predicts in-hospital mortality in patients with infective endocarditis: A prospective single-centre study. Thromb. Res. 2014, 134, 587–592.
Lin, Y.-W.; Jiang, M.; Wei, X.-B.; Huang, J.-L.; Su, Z.; Wang, Y.; Chen, J.-Y.; Yu, D.-Q. Prognostic value of D-dimer for adverse outcomes in patients with infective endocarditis: An observational study. BMC Cardiovasc. Disord. 2021, 21, 1–7.
Xu, N.; Fu, Y.; Wang, S.; Li, S.; Cai, D. High level of D-dimer predicts ischemic stroke in patients with infective endocarditis. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 2020, 34, e23206.
Habib, G.; Lancellotti, P.; Antunes, M.J.; Bongiorni, M.G.; Casalta, J.-P.; Del Zotti, F.; Dulgheru, R.; El Khoury, G.; Erba, P.A.; Iung, B.; et al. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis: The Task Force for the Management of Infective Endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Endorsed by: European Associ-ation for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS), the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM). Eur. Hear. J. 2015, 36, 3075–3128.
Durante-Mangoni, E.; Molaro, R.; Iossa, D. The role of haemostasis in infective endocarditis. Curr. Infect. Dis. Rep. 2014, 16, 435.
Bakal, R.B.; Karakoyun, S.; Kahveci, G.; Ozveren, O.; Omaygenç, O.; Akpınar, S.H.; Akgün, T.; Ozdemir, N. Relationship between D-dimer and systemic embolism in patients with infective endocarditis. Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars 2013, 41, 589–594.
Barış, V. Özgür D-Dimer is a Strong Predictor of in-hospital mortality in patients with Infective Endocarditis. Anatol. J. Cardiol. 2018, 21, 124–133.
DiNubile, M.J.; Calderwood, S.B.; Steinhaus, D.M.; Karchmer, A.W. Cardiac conduction abnormalities complicating native valve active infective endocarditis. Am. J. Cardiol. 1986, 58, 1213–1217.
Vongpatanasin, W.; Hillis, L.D.; Lange, R.A. Prosthetic heart valves. N. Engl. J. Med. 1996, 335, 407–416.
Habib, G.; Thuny, F.; Avierinos, J.-F. Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis: Current Approach and Therapeutic Options. Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis. 2008, 50, 274–281.
Iossa, D.; Molaro, R.; Andini, R.; Parrella, A.; Ursi, M.P.; Mattucci, I.; De Vincentiis, L.; Dialetto, G.; Utili, R.; Durante-Mangoni, E. Clinical significance of hyperhomocysteinemia in Infective Endocarditis: A case-control study. Medicine 2016, 95, e4972.
Durante-Mangoni, E.; Iossa, D.; Molaro, R.; Andini, R.; Mattucci, I.; Malgeri, U.; Albisinni, R.; Utili, R. Prevalence and significance of two major inherited thrombophilias in infective endocarditis. Intern. Emerg. Med. 2015, 10, 587–594.
Hansen, L.; Ozga, A.-K.; Klusmeier, M.; Hillebrand, M.; Tulun, A.; Pannek, N.; Rieß, F.-C. The Freestyle Valve in Severe Necrotizing Aortic Root Endocarditis: Comorbidity Upon Outcome. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 2021.
Nagai, T.; Takase, Y.; Hamabe, A.; Tabata, H. Observational Study of Infective Endocarditis at a Community-based Hospital: Dominance of Elderly Patients with Comorbidity. Intern. Med. 2018, 57, 301–310.
Durante-Mangoni, E.; Bradley, S.; Selton-Suty, C.; Tripodi, M.F.; Barsic, B.; Bouza, E.; Cabell, C.H.; de Oliveira Ramos, A.I.; Fowler, V.; Hoen, B.; et al. Current features of infective endocarditis in elderly patients: Results of the International Collaboration on Endocarditis Prospective Cohort Study. Arch. Intern. Med. 2008, 168, 2095–2103.
prognosis embolism D-dimers aPTT biomarkers


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Our portfolio is designed to help you visualize what is possible for your event, starting with bouquets and personals, and ending with your reception. Bookmark your favorite shapes, flowers and colors using Pinterest and send us the link with your inquiry. We'll take these clues and wrap them into an estimate so you can see if we are able to meet your needs within budget.


text:
Institute of Pharmacy offers undergraduate and postgraduate programmes in addition to doctoral programme in various branches of Pharmaceutical Sciences.
Pharmaceutical Analysis
Programme that has been designed to enhance the skills of the students in terms of development of professional identity, critical thinking, and lifelong learning.
Bachelor of Pharmacy
Master of Pharmacy
PharmD (Doctor of Pharmacy)
Nirma University started Doctoral Programmes in the year 2003. The PhD Programmes offered in the University are by the Faculty of Technology & Engineering..
Doctoral Programme (Full Time / Part Time)
Postdoctoral Programme
The University has Postdoctoral Fellowship Programme with an aim to identify active researchers and to provide them a platform to carry out research in frontier areas.
In addition to imparting knowledge to the students, the faculty contributes to research through funded projects, industrial projects, consultancy, etc to formulate novel formulations.
About Pharmacy
Doctoral & Postdoctoral Programmes
Research Management System
About Ahmedabad
© Copyright 2022 by Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India. All Rights Reserved.
PharmDBPharmMPharmPhD In PharmacyPostdoctoral Fellowship
Back to University: Jan 29, 2023
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LONDON IRISH VISIT FINDS ALTERNATIVE USE FOR RECYCLING EQUIPMENT!
Last month, the London Irish rugby team paid Powerday a visit and found an alternative use for some recycling bins and grab vehicles. Watch what they got up to in our short video of their day!


A couple of weeks ago I posted some books that I added to the kids bookshelves in anticipation of summer reading. Of course, you know I didn't stop there. That would be crazy.
Discworld is one of my favorite fantasy series of all time. From the humor to the philosophy to the incredible cast of characters, Terry Pratchett's books are a fixture on my shelf.
The kids have gotten a taste of the fascinating world atop the Great A'Tuin from the Hogfather miniseries, but they really don't get it yet.
They will when we start the Tiffany Aching books. These are young adult books and start at around #30 in the overall series. In her first book, Tiffany is 9, the same age as my eldest, which will have definite appeal. I happened to find the first two Tiffany Aching books combined in THE WEE FREE MEN: THE BEGINNING. For the price of one book you get two. Not bad. Not bad at all.
"When Tiffany Aching sets out to become a witch, she faces ominous foes and gains unexpected allies. As she confronts the Queen of Fairies and battles an ancient, bodiless evil, she is aided (and most ably abetted) by the six-inch-high, fightin', stealin', drinkin' Wee Free Men.
Laugh-out-loud humor and breathtaking action combine in the books that launched the unforgettable adventures of a determined young witch and her tiny but fierce blue friends."
While I've read most of the Discworld books, I have not read these yet. That makes this the perfect choice for a family read-along.
The kids have missed out on the wonders of Terry Pratchett for too long already. Time to fix that.
My first Terry Pratchett was Sorcery when I was ten. It was probably a little early, but I've been hooked ever since. Keep up the good work!
Mine was Wyrd Sisters at around 12. :) They have inherited much of my snarky sense of humor, so I have hope that they will enjoy Pratchett.


Posted by Anthony Licciardello on Wednesday, September 7th, 2016 at 4:33pm.
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text:
What to Watch for in Trump's Oval Office Speech on the Border Standoff
Reuters/JAMES LAWLER DUGGAN
As the partial government shutdown stretches toward its 19th day, President Trump's nationally televised address at 9 p.m. ET — his first from the Oval Office — should answer a host of questions:
Will the president seek to declare a national emergency at the border and seek to build a wall without approval from Congress?
Will he continue to reframe the battle as being about a massive "humanitarian crisis"?
Will he make any overtures toward compromise with the Democrats, who have been steadfast in rejecting funding for a wall?
The answers, as of now, appear to be no, yes and no.
Trump's speech, and his planned trip to the southern border on Thursday, "suggest the once-sleepy shutdown fight is about to enter a new phase: an all-out messaging war," write Mike Lillis and Scott Wong at The Hill. As part of that PR campaign, the Trump White House "is increasingly positioning the situation at the southern border as a global humanitarian crisis of epic proportions, for which the same old solutions will not be sufficient," Politico notes. (Numerous experts have said that the administration is overstating the national security threat at the border and critics have charged that the administration is partly to blame for the humanitarian issues.)
The bottom line: That "humanitarian crisis" framing likely won't do much to resolve the impasse, as Trump still insists on $5.7 billion in funding for a wall or barrier of some sort and Democrats are resolute in rejecting any money for that purpose.
The House on Wednesday impeached President Trump for the second time in 13 months, this time for "incitement of...
The Trump administration delivered a long-sought victory to Republicans late last week by approving a request from...
President-elect Joe Biden's plan to pass a multi-trillion-dollar stimulus package in the early days of his...
Yuval Rosenberg
As editor in chief, Yuval Rosenberg oversees all aspects of The Fiscal Times' website and email newsletter. His writing has appeared in publications including BusinessWeek, CNBC.com, CNNMoney.com, Fast Company, Fortune, Newsweek, Money and Time.


The 2018 edition of the Stuart Hamfest was held on Saturday, March 17th at the Martin County Fairgrounds. We had an absolutely perfect Florida winter day, filled with good food and many Ham Radio friends. Our very special guest this year, Bob Allison WB1GCM, from the ARRL Lab, led a forum on Software Defined Radios (SDR).
An Icom IC-7300, and many other prizes were given away at the event. Visit www.stuarthamfest.com to see if you are a prize winner. If you missed the hamfest this year, next year's Stuart Hamfest is just around the corner!


A donation jar and loose change were reported stolen during a break-in at Warren Community Library last week.
According to Knox County Sheriff Tim Carroll, the assistant librarian noticed Friday morning the front door had been forced open.
The library closed at 8 p.m. Thursday, meaning the break-in could have occurred at any point Thursday night or Friday morning.
No other damage to the library was found. Only a donation jar and loose change on a desk appeared to have been stolen.
Carroll said Deputy Paul Pinkham was able to gather evidence and is handling the investigation.
According to the library's Facebook page, the library opened later than usual due to the break-in.
Anyone with information is asked to contact the Knox County Sheriff's Office at 594-0067.


You are visiting the placeholder page for Kathy Blevins. This page is here because someone used our placeholder utility to look for Kathy Blevins. We created this page automatically in hopes Kathy Blevins would find it. If you are not Kathy Blevins, but are an alumni of Oak Ridge High School Orlando, FL, register on this site for free now.


From a Romany childhood to an Oxford University scholarship, Damian Le Bas has had a remarkable life. He grew up on a diet of Gypsy history, handed down from his great grandmother, but his own experience of life on the road was limited to van journeys from West Sussex to Hampshire to sell flowers. In his remarkable debut The Stopping Places, he set out to discover the old encampment sites known only to Travellers – and through them, an understanding of the history of the Romany in Britain, and the shape of their life today.


text:
Q: get audio data from local MPEG-1/2 file using javascript I am making a video editing tool, where the user loads a local video into the application and edits it. For this I have to extract audio from the local file.
Currently I am loading the video file through a XMLHttpRequest which gives a arraybuffer as output. From this arraybuffer using decodeAudioData from audioContext Object I am getting AudioBuffer, which is used to paint the canvas.
let audioContext =  new (window.AudioContext || window.webkitAudioContext)();
var req = new XMLHttpRequest();
req.open('GET', this.props.videoFileURL, true);
req.responseType = 'arraybuffer';
req.onload = e => {
        audioContext.decodeAudioData(
            req.response,
            buffer => {
              this.currentBuffer = buffer;
              this.props.setAudioBuffer(buffer);
              requestAnimationFrame(this.updateCanvas);
            },
            this.onDecodeError
          );
          console.log(req.response);
        };
req.send();

This is working for most mp4 files but I am getting decodeError when I test with MPEG-1/2 encoded video files
Edit 1 :
I understand this is a demux issue, I am not able to find demuxer for mpeg-1

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
116 U.S. 404 - Gibbons v. District of Columbia
116 US 404 Gibbons v. District of Columbia
6 S.Ct. 427
29 L.Ed. 680
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
Filed January 18, 1886.
This is an appeal from a decree dismissing a bill in equity by the Roman Catholic archbishop of the diocese of Baltimore, of which the District of Columbia is a part, to clear the title of lots numbered 36 to 46, inclusive, (being the lots formerly numbered 5, 6, and 7,) in square 376, in the city of Washington, from a cloud created by the assessment and sale thereof for taxes amounting, with interest, to more than $5,000. The case was heard upon the bill, answer, a general replication, and the deposition of the pastor of St. Patrick's church, from which the facts appeared to be as follows: The lots in question front south on F street about 170 feet, and have a depth varying from about 93 feet to about 114 feet. They were conveyed by Anthony Caffray in 1804 to the Roman Catholic bishop of Baltimore in fee 'for the use of the Roman Catholic congregation worshiping in the place called 'St. Patrick's Church,' in the city of Washington;' and thence forward, until 1870, were occupied by the old St. Patrick's church. During that period the church inclosure included about one-half of square 376, bounded south by F street, west by Tenth street, and north by G street. In 1870 the old church building was found to be unsafe, and in 1872 it was taken down. Since 1870, and pending the completion of a new church now in process of erection, the congregation has worshiped in Carroll hall, on G street, within the same half square, and separated from the lots in question by a 30-foot passageway. The new church fronts on Tenth street, with a strip of open ground about 35 feet wide on its south side and in the rear for light and ventilation, all to the north of the lots in question. The reason for so placing the church, instead of putting it in the middle of the inclosure, was to enable a revenue to be derived from the sale or lease of these lots to pay off the church debt incurred in building; and it was not necessary for the enjoyment of the church that these lots should remain vacant. In February, 1881, the plaintiff obtained a decree in equity, authorizing him to sell or otherwise dispose of these lots, and to apply the proceeds to the completion of the new church building; and about that time he made leases thereof for 25 years to private persons. From 1804 until June 30, 1875, no taxes were assessed on these lots. Afterwards, until June 30, 1880, they were annually assessed for taxes and sold for non-payment thereof. The annual taxes since that time have been paid.
M. F. Morris, for appellant, James Gibbons.
A. G. Riddle, for the District of Columbia.
GRAY, J.
The only matter in contest is the validity of the taxes assessed upon the lots on F street for the five years between June 30, 1875, and June 30, 1880, under the annual acts of congress of March 3, 1875, c. 162, and July 12, 1876, c. 180, and of the permanent act of March 3, 1877, c. 117, authorizing the levy of taxes for the support of the government of the District of Columbia, the material provisions of which are as follows: The eighth section of each of these statutes exempts from taxation houses for the reformation of offenders, almshouses, buildings devoted to art or belonging to institutions of purely public charity, 'church buildings, and grounds actually occupied by such buildings,' houses to improve the condition of seamen or soldiers, free public library buildings, and cemeteris. The act of 1875 adds: 'The lands or grounds appurtenant to any said house or building, so far as reasonably needed and actually used for the convenient enjoyment of any said house or building for its legitimate purpose and no other; but if any portion of any said building, house, grounds, or cemetery, so in terms excepted, is used to secure a rent or income, or for any business purpose, such portion of the same, or a sum equal in value to such portion, shall be taxed against the owner of said building or grounds.' 18 St. 503. The acts of 1876 and 1877 substitute for this addition a provision to the same effect, though differing somewhat in form, as follows: 'But if any portion of any such building, house, grounds, or cemetery, so in terms excepted, is larger than is reasonably needed, [in the act of 1876; 'absolutely required,' in the act of 1877,] and actually used for its legitimate purpose, and none other, or is used to secure a rent or income, or for any business purpose, such portion of the same, or a sum equal in value to such portion, shall be taxed against the owner of said building or grounds.' 19 St. 85, 399.
Upon the construction most favorable to the appellant, these statutes exempt nothing from taxation beyond church buildings and grounds actually occupied for such buildings, and the lands or grounds appurtenant to any such building, so far as reasonably needed and actually used for its convenient enjoyment for its legitimate purpose. Even parts of the exempted buildings and lands, if used to secure a rent or income, or for any business purpose, are taxable. But land which is neither actually occupied for a church building, nor reasonably needed and actually used for the convenient enjoyment of the building as a church, is not exempt from taxation, whether it is used for any other purpose or not. We are not disposed to deny that grounds left open around a church, not merely to admit light and air, but also to add to its beauty and attractiveness, may, if not used or intended to be used for any other purpose, be exempt from taxation under these statutes. But upon the uncontroverted facts of the present case, it was not only unnecessary for the enjoyment of the church that the F street lots should remain vacant, but the very reason for placing the church to the northward of these lots, instead of putting it in the middle of the whole land controlled by the ecclesiastical authorities, was to enable a revenue to be derived from the lease or sale of these lots. Under such circumstances, these lots were not exempt from taxation, even before they had been actually so leased.
The objection, taken in argument, that the act of March 3, 1877, is unconstitutional, because it provides that the tax upon all lands within the District of Columbia, outside of the cities of Washington and Georgetown, and held and used solely for agricultural purposes, shall be a dollar and a quarter on the hundred, and upon all other real and personal property in the District, not expressly exempted, a dollar and a half on the hundred, is founded on a misunderstanding of the case of Loughborough v. Blake, 5 Wheat. 317. The point there decided was that an act of congress, laying a direct tax throughout the United States in proportion to the census directed to be taken by the constitution, might comprehend the District of Columbia; and the power of congress, legislating as a local legislature for the district, to levy taxes for district purposes only, in like manner as the legislature of a state may tax the people of a state for state purposes, was expressly admitted, and has never since been doubted. 5 Wheat. 318; Welch v. Cook, 97 U. S. 541; Mattingly v. District of Columbia, Id. 687. In the exercise of this power, congress, like any state legislature unrestricted by constitutional provisions, may, at its discretion, wholly exempt certain classes of property from taxation, or may tax them at a lower rate than other property. Decree affirmed.


text:
2016, Gravitas Ventures, 111 min, USA, Dir: Adam Nimoy
Leonard Nimoy's son, Adam Nimoy, helmed this affectionate look at one of television's most iconic characters –Mr. Spock of "Star Trek" – and the man who portrayed him. The largest documentary project ever successfully funded on Kickstarter, the film weaves together archival footage and new interviews with cast members from the original series and current big-screen franchise to profile the life and legacy of Leonard Nimoy.
Joseph Kornbrodt
Kevin Layne
Adam Nimoy
1966, 88 min, USA, Dir: Vic Morrow
Actor Vic Morrow made his directing debut with this low-budget adaptation of Jean Genet's 1947 play, a triangle between three prison inmates played by Leonard Nimoy, Michael Forest, and future directing legend Paul Mazursky. Sharing a cell, the men engage in complex power struggles and games of manipulation, photographed in stark black-and-white by Vilis Lapenieks and edited by the legendary Verna Fields.
Vic Morrow
Barbara Turner
Vilis Lapenieks
Michael Forest
Paul Mazursky
Robert Ellenstein
Verna Fields
1981, Paul Brownstein Productions, 88 min, USA, Dir: Leonard Nimoy
Leonard Nimoy directs and stars as both Vincent Van Gogh and his brother Theo in this filmed production of his tour-de-force one-man show. Using Van Gogh's paintings as a backdrop, Nimoy brings both the art and the man to life in a moving portrait based on the correspondence between the two brothers.
Dennis Babcock


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text:
Q: Question about how to run code the same on all screens in an app in Swift I have written code to check the status of a network connection. I used the Reachability library.
let reachability = Reachability()!

reachability.whenReachable = { reachability in
            if reachability.connection == .wifi {
                print("Reachable via WiFi")
                CustomActivityIndicator.shared.hide(uiView: self.view)
            } else {
                print("Reachable via Cellular")
                CustomActivityIndicator.shared.hide(uiView: self.view)
            }
        }

        reachability.whenUnreachable = { _ in
            print("Not reachable")

            CustomActivityIndicator.shared.show(uiView: self.view, labelText: "Not reachable", backgroundColor: self.color, textColor: .white, animated: false, duration: 0)
        }

        do {
            try reachability.startNotifier()
        } catch {
            print("Unable to start notifier")
        }

I also wrote code that notifies the user via the CustomActivityIndicator when the network is disconnected and hides the CustomActivityIndicator when reconnected.
Where should I put the code so that it works on all screens of the app?

A: The best approach is: create a base view controller and inherit all your view controllers from the BaseViewController and wrote the common code i.e Reachability in this context in that base class.


Click "Allow" to play Manic Mayhem! Click "Always allow" to play Manic Mayhem!
Stitch has been captured, and now he is on the evil's Captain Gantu ship. Stitch needs to escape and return to Lilo where he is loved and waited. In the Manic Mayhem game, you have to help Stitch shoot down the cannons and go back home.
Stitch needs to move very fast and accurately to escape. If we want this to happen, you need to assist him by using your arrow keys. When you see the right arrow key coming closer, press it from your keyboard so Stitch can shoot the cannons quickly. At some point, you will need to use combinations of arrow keys. Press them both at the same time, and everything will be just fine. If you do it wrong, the cannons will fire back, and Stitch will be in danger.
If everything goes well, you will also get a bonus round where you can show your incredible skills. No matter what happens, Stitch has to escape one way or another, and you are his only chance to do it. Do not mess it up because we know how important he is to Lilo. Just follow the beat and do your best. As long as you do not quit trying, things will be all right.
At the end of the game, you will be able to see your final score and then try to beat it for better performance. Good luck and do not forget that everything is possible when you want something sincerely.


Sharpening the saw means preserving and enhancing the greatest asset you have – you !
And our #blogamonth topic is to share our sharpenings.
From this participation I see the value not only academically oriented goals, but also interest-driven and peer-supported goals that result in products from our shared purpose. That's a mouthful. But in the first week of our #clmooc, participants have created personal avatars, how to be 'me' guides, and interactions among the projects that teach others, inspire others to try something new. Our "shared purpose" of introductions has resulted in peer-supported, interest-powered projects that reflect skills of digital literacy. From pictures of handwritten notes (George Salazar), to Google Presentations, to How to Be a Math Teacher diagrams (Craig Russell), to blogs (Kim Douillard), to How to Launch and Recover a Hot Air Balloon with infographics and Gami (Michael Buist) to YouTube How to Make Grilled Swordfish (David Quinn). Our shared purpose has been accomplished through interest, support, and academics — we have learned about each other in many ways.
Imagine this at work in the classroom! Imagine opening up our academic goals to so they can be achieved through student interests with peer support, demonstrated through collaborative projects. My big take-away so far is that we are all learners, and all learners are at different places, each motivated by their own interests, enhanced by peer support. For today's learners, this is the way to learn; anything else is contrary to the way we learn. Read more at Educator Innovator, powered by the National Writing Project.


FDA to relax product modification regulations?
US device manufacturers may no longer have to file a 510(k) when if they make substantial products modifications. A guidance document to be issued to FDA staff by the Center for Devices and Radiological Health urges leniency in dealing with companies already complying with the preproduction design controls required as part of the agency's new good manufacturing practices rule, says center director Bruce Burlington. Although the design portion of that rule does not come into effect until 1998, many companies will begin adopting it next year. With the design documentation available, a revised 510(k) submission would be redundant, claims the agency.
Subject: FDA to relax product modification regulations?


text:
Carlos Hines Luke Avdalovic Cameron Satterwhite Sports Men's college basketball College basketball Basketball College sports Men's basketball Men's sports
Northern Arizona Big Sky
Northern Arizona primed to keep making progress
By JOHN MARSHALL - May. 21, 2019 02:48 PM EDT
FILE - In this Jan. 4, 2018, file photo, Northern Arizona coach Jack Murphy calls to his team during the first half of an NCAA college basketball game against Weber State, in Ogden, Utah. Northern Arizona won 10 games last season, yet made enough progress for coach Jack Murphy to keep his job for the final year of his contract. He knows the upward trend will have to continue for there to be another contract. (Matt Herp/Standard-Examiner via AP, File)
FLAGSTAFF, Ariz. (AP) — Northern Arizona won just 10 games last season, yet made enough progress for athletic director Mike Marlow to keep coach Jack Murphy in place for the final year of his contract.
Murphy knows the upward trend will have to continue if he wants another contract after that.
"Once we sat, we kind of came to an understanding of you're going into the last year of your contract and got to perform," he said. "Not putting any wins or losses or any place in the standings on it, but you just have to perform."
Mired in injuries to key players each of the previous three seasons, the Lumberjacks won five, nine and five games.
An uptick to 10-21 in 2018-19 would hardly seem like progress but it's how Northern Arizona got there that made the difference.
The young Lumberjacks opened the season with two wins in their first three games, but lost their final seven in nonconference.
Once the Big Sky Conference season started, Northern Arizona started coming around, seemingly getting better with every game.
The Lumberjacks quadrupled their conference win total from the year before, finishing 8-12 to finish ninth in the Big Sky. Not great, but they were essentially 12 points from finishing third, losing four games at the buzzer.
The final week of the season showed just how much NAU had progressed.
The Lumberjacks led Montana, a team they lost to by 13 at home earlier, for 28 minutes on the road before losing by two. Next game, Northern Arizona beat Northern Colorado, which was playing for the conference title, by nine in overtime on the road. The Bears won the first meeting by 15 in Flagstaff.
Not bad for a team 325th nationally in experience.
"It showed in both those games on the road how far we'd come against opponents that had beaten us pretty soundly earlier in the season at home," Murphy said. "The youth that we played with, the freshmen and sophomore, couple of juniors, showed they're battletested and ready for next season."
The youth last season should serve the 'Jacks well next season.
NAU will lose five players, but none were significant contributors last season, giving the Lumberjacks eight of their top nine scorers back for next season.
Forward Bernie Andre was one of the Big Sky's best players as a sophomore last season, averaging 13.8 points and 8.5 rebounds, sophomore guard Carlos Hines was second on the team with 12.9 points per game and Luke Avdalovic was one of the nation's top 3-point shooters, hitting 49% from the arc.
Guard Cameron Satterwhite will play next season after sitting out as a transfer from Loyola-Chicago, where he played in the Final Four. Murphy also signed three talented recruits who could contribute right away.
So instead of having plenty of question marks heading into next season, as he has the past few years, Murphy has the kind of roster continuity he had in 2015, a year after the Lumberjacks set a school record with 23 wins.
"I haven't felt this good going into an offseason since coming off my second year going into my third year," Murphy said. "I feel like we're set up to not just have a good one-year run next year, but for sustained success these next couple years."
Keep making progress and Murphy could earn a new contract to watch it all unfold.
More AP college basketball: https://apnews.com/MarchMadness and https://twitter.com/AP_Top25


As part of Bayan's efforts in ensuring a seamless transition for students, and welcoming individuals to our community, the Secondary Team held today first of its kind unique "Student-Parent Orientation Camp". Parents and Students were presented with the new Educational Program developments and were introduced to the secondary school environment with a tour of our beautiful campus and the new additional facilities. We would like to thank the Secondary Team for organizing this warm welcome to all our community.


It is estimated that the BTC price will be about 4658.58 Euros in 3 hours, a decrease of -60.00 EUR at the present price of 4718,58 EUR.
Important: As everyone knows, a forecast is of course impossible. Nevertheless, each course (whether a stock or digital currencies) has a particular pattern, which can be evaluated in the long term. That is what this site makes. It analyzes several factors (eg. past developments, prices, trading volume, foreign exchange rates, Google Trends, time, day, etc.), read the pattern and calculated from currently 14,355,744 records a prediction. The program is not a neural network, but it analyzes the actual predictions and is able to learn from mistakes.


text:
Chad's News
News and other tidbits that Chad Cloman finds interesting enough to share
The Beginning of the End for Adobe Flash
Adobe Flash is used all over the worldwide web and will continue to be popular for years to come. That being said, however, Flash will eventually be replaced by HTML5 (and its successors). This process is being hastened, in part, because Apple refuses to allow Flash on the iPhone or iPad. Even Adobe has seen the future and is embracing it—they recently released the beta version of a animation development tool that uses HTML5, CSS, and JavaScript. It's called Adobe Edge.
Link: http://www.zdnet.com/…
(via TechRepublic)
Say Goodbye to Adobe Flash on Mobile Devices
It's Official: No More Adobe Flash For Mobile Devices
Adobe Flash Player Update
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I think they're both equally beautiful but Angelina will age better. Something tells me Rai won't hold up so well twenty or thirty years from now.
Angelina. While they are both beautiful, Angelina has a more classic beauty with a perfect oval face, opposed to the heart shaped face of the other girl.
and what do these ladies look like w/o all that makeup?
Two of the most beautiful women ever in show business and you had to have searched for probably the ONLY pictures of them that are NON Flattering.
Angelina is getting up there in age and is starting to age a bit, however, Rai still looks friggin' amazing. I have to go with Rai being the most beautiful. Angelina probably hit her peak with Beowulf but she started to go a bit downhill after that. But, Angelina would have to go mile and mile and miles downhill just to get to where many other Hollywood actresses are.
Aishwarya but that's only because I can't stand Angelina.
Angelina has TONS of pics without makeup, whereas Aishwarya doesn't seem to leave the house without makeup caked on. Wonder why?
I posted a pic of her with barely any makeup and it got deleted. I still think she looks stunning. She is 37, her skin is flawless. Granted she does have some makeup on, but very little.
seriously doesn't even look like the same person! I think the tons of makeup she puts on ages her more vs. the "barely there" look. girl needs to lay off the eye shadow and blush for a bit!
But there are other celebrity women I find better-looking. Longoria, Penelope Cruz, for example.
I'm with you! I am not impressed by either.