text:
PROPOSED STANDARD
Errata Exist
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)                   P. Hallam-Baker
Request for Comments: 7633                             Comodo Group Inc.
Category: Standards Track                                   October 2015
X.509v3 Transport Layer Security (TLS) Feature Extension
The purpose of the TLS feature extension is to prevent downgrade
attacks that are not otherwise prevented by the TLS protocol.  In
particular, the TLS feature extension may be used to mandate support
for revocation checking features in the TLS protocol such as Online
Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) stapling.  Informing clients that
an OCSP status response will always be stapled permits an immediate
failure in the case that the response is not stapled.  This in turn
prevents a denial-of-service attack that might otherwise be possible.
This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF).  It represents the consensus of the IETF community.  It has
received public review and has been approved for publication by the
Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG).  Further information on
Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 5741.
Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7633.
Hallam-Baker                 Standards Track                    [Page 1]
RFC 7633                  TLS Feature Extension             October 2015
2.  Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
2.1.  Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
2.2.  TLS Feature, X.509 Extension  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
3.  Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
4.  Syntax  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
4.1.  TLS Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
4.2.  Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
4.2.1.  Certificate Signing Request . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
4.2.2.  Certificate Signing Certificate . . . . . . . . . . .   5
4.2.3.  End-Entity Certificate  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
4.3.  Processing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
4.3.1.  Certification Authority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
4.3.2.  Server  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
4.3.3.  Client  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
5.1.  Alternative Certificates and Certificate Issuers  . . . .   7
5.2.  Denial of Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
5.3.  Cipher Suite Downgrade Attack . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
7.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
Appendix A.  ASN.1 Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
The Transport Layer Security (TLS) feature extension provides a means
of preventing downgrade attacks that are not otherwise prevented by
the TLS protocol.
Since the TLS protocol itself provides strong protection against most
forms of downgrade attack including downgrade attacks against cipher
suite choices offered and client credentials, the TLS feature
extension is only relevant to the validation of TLS protocol
credentials.
2.  Definitions
2.1.  Requirements Language
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].
2.2.  TLS Feature, X.509 Extension
In order to avoid the confusion that would occur in attempting to
specify an X.509 extension describing the use of TLS extensions, in
this document the term "extension" is reserved to refer to X.509v3
extensions and the term "TLS feature extension" is used to refer to
what the TLS specification [RFC5246] refers to as an "extension".
3.  Purpose
Currently, the only TLS feature extensions that are relevant to the
revocation status of credentials are the Certificate Status Request
extension (status_request) and the Multiple Certificate Status
Extension (status_request_v2).  These extensions are used to support
in-band exchange of Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) tokens,
otherwise known as OCSP stapling.  These extensions are described in
[RFC6066] and [RFC6961].
The OCSP stapling mechanism described in [RFC6066] permits a TLS
server to provide evidence of valid certificate status in-band.  When
this information is provided in-band, the privacy, performance, and
reliability concerns arising from the need to make a third-party
connection during the TLS handshake are eliminated.  However, a
client cannot draw any conclusion from the absence of in-band status
information unless it knows that the legitimate server would have
provided it.  The status information might have been omitted because
the server does not support the extension or because the server is
withholding the information intentionally, knowing the certificate to
be invalid.
The inclusion of a TLS feature extension advertising the
status_request feature in the server end-entity certificate permits a
client to fail immediately if the certificate status information is
not provided by the server.  The need to query the OCSP responder is
eliminated entirely.  This improves client efficiency and, more
importantly, prevents a denial-of-service attack against the client
by either blocking the OCSP response or mounting a denial-of-service
attack against the OCSP responder.
Since the TLS feature extension is an option, it is not likely that
an attacker attempting to obtain a certificate through fraud will
choose to have a certificate issued with this extension.  Such risks
are more appropriately addressed by mechanisms such as Certification
Authority Authorization DNS records [RFC6844] that are designed to
prevent or mitigate mis-issue.
A server offering an end-entity certificate with a TLS feature
extension MUST satisfy a client request for the specified feature
unless this would be redundant as described below.  Clients MAY
refuse to accept the connection if the server does not accept a
request for a specified feature.
A Certification Authority SHOULD NOT issue certificates that specify
a TLS feature extension advertising features that the server does not
A server MAY advise a Certification Authority that it is capable of
supporting a feature by including the corresponding TLS feature
extension in a Certificate Signing Request [RFC2986].  A server
SHOULD verify that its configuration supports the features advertised
in the credentials presented to a client requesting connection.
This document describes the use of the TLS feature in PKIX end-entity
certificates and Certificate Signing Certificates.  A mechanism that
MAY be used to describe support for the specified features in-band
for the most commonly used certificate registration protocol is also
4.  Syntax
See Appendix A for an ASN.1 module
The TLS feature extension has the following format:
id-pe-tlsfeature OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::=  { id-pe 24 }
Features ::= SEQUENCE OF INTEGER
The extnValue of the id-pe-tlsfeature extension is the ASN.1 DER
encoding of the Features structure.
The TLS feature extension SHOULD NOT be marked critical.  RFC 5280
[RFC5280] requires that implementations that do not understand
critical extensions MUST reject the certificate.  Marking the TLS
feature extension critical breaks backward compatibility and is not
recommended unless this is the desired behavior.
4.1.  TLS Feature
The object member "Features" is a sequence of TLS extension
identifiers (features, in this specification's terminology) as
specified in the IANA Transport Layer Security (TLS) Extensions
registry.  If these features are requested by the client in its
ClientHello message, then the server MUST return a ServerHello
message that satisfies this request.
This specification does not require a TLS client to offer or support
any TLS feature regardless of whether or not it is specified in the
server certificate's TLS feature extension.  In particular, a client
MAY request and a server MAY support any TLS extension regardless of
whether or not it is specified in a TLS feature extension.
A server that offers a certificate that contains a TLS feature
extension MUST support the features specified and comply with the
corresponding requirements.
4.2.  Use
4.2.1.  Certificate Signing Request
If the certificate issue mechanism makes use of the PKCS #10
Certificate Signing Request (CSR) [RFC2986], the CSR MAY specify a
TLS feature extension as a CSR Attribute as defined in Section 4.1 of
[RFC2986].  A server or server administration tool should only
generate key signing requests that it knows can be supported by the
server for which the certificate is intended.
4.2.2.  Certificate Signing Certificate
When present in a Certificate Signing Certificate (i.e.,
Certification Authority certificate with the key usage extension
value set to keyCertSign), the TLS feature extension specifies a
constraint on valid certificate chains.  Specifically, a certificate
that is signed by a Certificate Signing Certificate that contains a
TLS feature extension MUST contain a TLS feature extension that
offers the same set or a superset of the features advertised in the
signing certificate.
This behavior provides a means of requiring support for a particular
set of features for certificates issued under a particular
Certificate Signing Certificate without requiring TLS clients to
verify compliance with TLS feature extensions in multiple
certificates.
4.2.3.  End-Entity Certificate
When specified in a server end-entity certificate (i.e., a
certificate that specifies the id-kp-serverAuth Extended Key Usage
(EKU)), the TLS feature extension specifies criteria that a server
MUST meet to be compliant with the feature declaration.
In the case that a client determines that the server configuration is
inconsistent with the specified feature declaration, it MAY reject
the TLS configuration.
4.2.3.1.  TLS status_request
inconsistent with a feature declaration specifying support for the
TLS status_request extension, it SHOULD reject the TLS configuration.
A client MAY accept a TLS configuration despite it being inconsistent
with the TLS feature declaration if the validity of the certificate
chain presented can be established through other means (for example,
by successfully obtaining the OCSP data from another source).
There are certain situations in which the alternative to establishing
a connection with imperfect TLS security is to transmit the same
information with no security controls whatsoever.  Accordingly, a
client MAY accept a TLS configuration despite it being inconsistent
with the TLS feature declaration but MUST NOT distinguish that
connection as secure.
4.3.  Processing
Advertising a TLS feature extension may change the expectations of
relying parties.  If these expectations are not met, a valid
certificate may be rejected as invalid.  Particular attention is
required at the start of a certificate lifecycle.  A server will be
unable to comply with a TLS feature extension if the certificate is
issued and released to the subject before the corresponding status
token is published.
4.3.1.  Certification Authority
A Certification Authority SHOULD NOT issue certificates with a TLS
feature extension unless there is an affirmative statement to the
effect that the end entity intends to support the specified features
(for example, the use of a feature extension in the CSR or through an
out-of-band communication).
A Certification Authority SHOULD ensure that the certificate
provisioning process for certificates containing a TLS feature
extension permits the certificate subject to meet the requirements
(for example, ensuring that OCSP tokens are published before the
corresponding certificate is released to the subscriber).
4.3.2.  Server
A TLS server certificate containing a TLS feature extension MAY be
used with any TLS server that supports the specified features.  It is
not necessary for the server to provide support for the TLS feature
extension itself.  Such support is nevertheless desirable as it can
reduce the risk of administrative error.
A server SHOULD verify that its configuration is compatible with the
TLS feature extension expressed in a certificate it presents.  When
an existing certificate is to be replaced by a new one, the server
SHOULD NOT begin using the new certificate until the necessary OCSP
status token or tokens are available.
A server MAY override local configuration options if necessary to
ensure consistency, but it SHOULD inform the administrator whenever
such an inconsistency is discovered.
A server SHOULD support generation of the feature extension in CSRs
if key generation is supported.
4.3.3.  Client
A client MUST treat a certificate with a TLS feature extension as an
invalid certificate if the features offered by the server do not
contain all features present in both the client's ClientHello message
and the TLS feature extension.
In the case that use of TLS with a valid certificate is mandated by
explicit security policy, application protocol specification, or
other means, the client MUST refuse the connection.  If the use of
TLS with a valid certificate is optional, a client MAY accept the
connection but MUST NOT treat the certificate as valid.
5.1.  Alternative Certificates and Certificate Issuers
Use of the TLS feature extension to mandate support for a particular
form of revocation checking is optional.  This control can provide
protection in the case that a certificate with a TLS feature is
compromised after issue but not in the case that the attacker obtains
an unmarked certificate from an issuer through fraud.
The TLS feature extension is a post-issue security control.  Such
risks can only be addressed by security controls that take effect
before issue.
5.2.  Denial of Service
A certificate issuer could issue a certificate that intentionally
specified a feature statement that they knew the server could not
The consequences of such refusal would appear to be limited since a
Certification Authority could equally refuse to issue the
5.3.  Cipher Suite Downgrade Attack
The TLS feature extension does not provide protection against a
cipher suite downgrade attack.  This is left to the existing controls
in the TLS protocol itself.
IANA has added the following entry in the "SMI Security for PKIX
Certificate Extension" (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.1) registry:
Decimal  Description                     References
-------  ------------------------------  ---------------------
24     id-pe-tlsfeature                this document (RFC 7633)
Module Identifier" (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.0) registry:
86     id-mod-tls-feature-2015         this document (RFC 7633)
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC2986]  Nystrom, M. and B. Kaliski, "PKCS #10: Certification
Request Syntax Specification Version 1.7", RFC 2986,
[RFC5246]  Dierks, T. and E. Rescorla, "The Transport Layer Security
[RFC5280]  Cooper, D., Santesson, S., Farrell, S., Boeyen, S.,
Housley, R., and W. Polk, "Internet X.509 Public Key
Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List
(CRL) Profile", RFC 5280, DOI 10.17487/RFC5280, May 2008,
[RFC6066]  Eastlake 3rd, D., "Transport Layer Security (TLS)
Extensions: Extension Definitions", RFC 6066,
[RFC6844]  Hallam-Baker, P. and R. Stradling, "DNS Certification
Authority Authorization (CAA) Resource Record", RFC 6844,
[RFC6961]  Pettersen, Y., "The Transport Layer Security (TLS)
Multiple Certificate Status Request Extension", RFC 6961,
Appendix A.  ASN.1 Module
TLS-Feature-Module-2015 {
iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1)
security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0)
id-mod-tls-feature-2015(86)}
DEFINITIONS IMPLICIT TAGS ::=
IMPORTS -- From RFC 5912
id-pe
FROM PKIX1Explicit-2009 {
id-mod-pkix1-explicit-02(51)}
FROM PKIX-CommonTypes-2009 {
id-mod-pkixCommon-02(57)}
CertExtensions EXTENSION ::= {
ext-TLSFeatures, ... }
-- TLS Features Extension
ext-TLSFeatures EXTENSION ::= { SYNTAX
Features IDENTIFIED BY id-pe-tlsfeature }
id-pe-tlsfeature OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pe 24 }
Hallam-Baker                 Standards Track                   [Page 10]
This proposal incorporates text and other contributions from
participants in the IETF and CA-Browser forum -- in particular, Robin
Alden, Richard Barnes, Viktor Dukhovni, Stephen Farrell, Gervase
Markham, Yoav Nir, Tom Ritter, Jeremy Rowley, Stefan Santesson, Ryan
Sleevi, Brian Smith, Rob Stradling, and Sean Turner.
Phillip Hallam-Baker
Comodo Group Inc.
Email: philliph@comodo.com


If you're a kid, or a kid at heart, and love rocks, minerals and geology, you'll love our website!
good information and all the details about your favorite specimens!
Our links section will let you know about good fun websites on the web all about geology!
or just add to it, we have hand picked a few great places for you to look first!


text:
The New Ant-Man And The Wasp Theatrical Trailer Is Here, Teases Goliath
Check out the new trailer for Marvel Studios' Ant-Man And The Wasp
Check out the new trailer for Marvel Studios' Ant-Man And The Wasp
ant-man and the waspMarvel Cinematic UniverseMovies
By Divij Sonak	 On May 1, 2018
As promised via a witty little and smartly marketed teaser, Marvel Studios has released the new trailer for Ant-Man and the Wasp. This second trailer carries much of the attitude from the first teaser, while also lightening up things significantly. Set to the foot tapping It Takes Two by Rob Base and DJ EZ Rock, the trailer shows off more of Ant-Man and Wasp's partnership, glimpses at the new villain in town Ghost, while ending on a hint about Goliath. Check it out below:
After the heavy Infinity War, Ant-Man and the Wasp should come across as lighter relief with significantly lower stakes. The movie sees the return of fan-favorite Luis who along with Dave and Kurt, seems to be running some sort of faux team of his own. It also seems like Luis will continue to be a part of the action like he was in the first film. The trailer is peppered with hints about the antagonist Ghost, a female villain whose powers seem to have been stolen from Hank Pym's tech. Lawrence Fishburne makes a cameo appearance towards the end as Bill Foster, teasing his eventual transformation into Goliath, the second Giant Man in the comics. Should that happen in this movie itself, we could see two giants either squaring off or teaming up depending upon how the movie chooses to portray its dynamic with Ant-Man.
There's still no mention of Janet Van Dyne save for a brief sequence at what looks like the Quantum Realm. Given how steady it appears, it's possible Scott Lang could have mastered the art of moving in and out of the Realm which could lead to some extended sequence set within, resulting in Janet's eventual rescue. It's also admirable how the trailer is designed to conceal information about the movie's plot and gives away moments rather than plot beats. It's equally disappointing to see no mention of the duo's absence in Infinity War after yesterday's tease.
What are your thoughts on the teaser? Let us know in the comments below. Ant-Man and the Wasp comes out in theaters on July 6.
Marvel Studios Head Kevin Feige thanks fans for the MCU's success
5 Things We Learned From The Second Ant-Man And The Wasp Trailer

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


← Previous Post Who is in the sky?
Lots of cat bloggers doing Halloween so I decided to give it a shot. Thanks Victoria !
so cute and you make a great pirate Greg! Happy Halloween!
Hope your evening is fun as well, Mia!
Great Halloween photos. Happy Halloween!
Now that is plum cute. I really like the cats in the spooky globes. And your pic is great.
A very Happy Halloween to you!
Same to you and yours Ally.
Thankyou, and Happy Halloween to you and yours!
Very well done. Kitties and human.
To you too. Have a spooky day and night.
Over her you can buy a lot of decoration s.o., but I loved Halloween in CDN, over here for me it is not the right place.
Thanks Nova! Still trying to guess where "CDN" is! I should know!


A coal-fired power plant is a menace to its neighbors. It coats their homes with dust and ash. It emits nauseating gases. On some days, the pollution is so bad that the neighbors do not go outside, and do not open their windows. Visitors to the area are shocked at the conditions. They cannot fathom how the plant is allowed to operate in this manner, so obviously polluting the air that its neighbors breathe. The neighbors frequently complain to the regulatory authorities, but they are told that the plant is complying with regulatory standards, which—according to the regulatory authorities—is all that the plant is required to do.
Finally, a group of the neighbors contacts an environmental law attorney. The attorney explains to them that, regardless of whether the power plant is violating regulatory standards, it is violating their common law rights: it is committing a trespass against them if it is coating their properties with dust and ash, and it is causing a nuisance to them if its dust and ash and gas are substantially interfering with their use and enjoyment of their properties. Contrary to what the regulatory authorities have implied, the power plant is not doing all that it must to satisfy the law. It is violating the common law of trespass and nuisance.
Several of the neighbors retain the attorney, who files a class action in their names. All residents living within one mile of the plant—more than two thousand of them—become a part of the class. Joined together in one lawsuit, they have enormous leverage. The case ultimately settles. The power plant agrees to invest millions of dollars in advanced air pollution control systems, and to compensate the class members for their loss of use and enjoyment of their homes.


text:
Israel Through the Lens
Israeli Minister of Energy Dr. Yuval Steinitz Joins Shikun & Binu Group's Naty Saidoff to Open Ashalim Solar Thermal Power Station
For the first time since being put into operation, Israeli Minister of energy Dr. Yuval Steinitz and Naty Saidoff, holder of the controlling interest in Shikun & Binui Group, have visited Ashalim Solar Thermal Power Station. The 121-megawatt plant, jointly established by Shikun & Binui, Noy Fund and Spanish engineering services provider TSK with an investment of NIS 4 billion, provides electricity meeting the annual consumption needs of some 70,000 households while helping to fulfill the Israeli government's goals for electricity generation using renewable energy
On a tour last week of the Ashalim Solar Thermal Power Station in the presence of Minister of energy Dr. Yuval Steinitz, accompanied by the controlling owner of Shikun & Binui Group (TASE: SKBN.TA), Naty Saidoff and other guests, announced the start of the commercial operation of the largest renewable energy project in Israel and one of the largest in the world.
In recent months, the plant has begun to generate electricity and is now supplying renewable energy to the national electricity grid that meets the consumption needs of an estimated 70,000 households. The plant has been a significant contributor to the implementation of government policies as well as to the goals in connection with generating electricity from renewable energy.
Several months ago, when the plant was completed and connected to the national electricity grid, Negev Energy Co. obtained the necessary permits, including a permanent electricity production license from the Electricity Authority and the Ministry of Energy, and began the commercial operation of the solar thermal power plant in Ashalim for the duration of the franchise.
Negev Energy, a joint venture of Shikun & Binui Energy (50%), the Noy Infrastructure Fund (40%) and the Spanish firm TSK (10%), won the tender that had been issued by the Accountant General at the Ministry of Finance and entered into a design franchise agreement in 2013, for the planning, design, financing, construction, operation and maintenance of a 121 MW thermo-solar plant for a period of 25 years.
The 988-acre plant (the size of the city of Petah Tikva in Israel) is composed of some 16,000 parabolic troughs and about half a million concave mirrors, which converts solar energy into steam that is then used to generate electricity. The Negev Energy Power Station has a unique system for storing thermal energy, based on molten salt, which allows the plant to operate for approximately an extra 4.5 hours daily at full power following sunset, maximizing the plant's efficacy and efficiency. The investment in the construction of the plant is estimated to be about NIS 4 billion. Hundreds of workers, sub-constructors and suppliers, most of them residents of south Israel and the Negev region, took part in the construction of the plant.
Minister of Energy, Dr. Yuval Steinitz: "Since I assumed office, I have used every possible means to increase the scope of renewable energy production, and by doing so, I expect to meet the government goal of 10% by the end of 2020. I believe that alongside natural gas, renewable energy is of paramount importance in reducing air pollution for the benefit of the health of all of us, and this policy is reflected in the "Plan 2030" that we are leading in order to stop the dependence of Israel on polluting fuels. The breakthrough in this field enables us, in addition to stopping the use of coal, to significantly promote the renewability goal for 2030.
Naty Saidoff, holder of controlling interest in Shikun & Binui Group: "The Saidoff Group has made a strategic decision to invest in Israel and is expected to deepen its commitment to the Israeli economy. The Ashalim thermal-solar plant is one of the flagship projects of Shikun & Binui, enabling the generation of renewable energy, and, by doing so, meeting the needs in terms of sustainability and environmental protection, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, is, in and of itself, a profitable project, which has created jobs for many members of the Negev communities. I am proud to be given the opportunity to build meaningful mega-projects in Israel and abroad, and plan to promote similar projects in the future."
Eran Doron, head of the Ramat Negev Regional Council: "We are proud to be part of the renewable energy plant and to provide green electricity to the State of Israel. Negev Energy thermal-solar plant in Ashalim contributes to the region, both by supplying clean, non-polluting electricity and by providing jobs to the region's residents."
ABOUT THE SHIKUN & BINUI GROUP
Shikun & Binui is Israel's leading infrastructure and real estate company – a global corporation that operates through its subsidiaries in Israel and across the world. Active in more than 20 countries on four continents, Shikun & Binui is involved in various fields, including infrastructure, real estate development, water, energy, and concessions.
SOURCE Shikun & Binui Ltd.
https://www.shikunbinui.com/en-US
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We are looking for a farmers' market manager to direct our full farmers market program from April through November. This position will work independently throughout the week to prepare for the markets, managing kitchen production, developing menus, setting up and working the markets, managing the farmers market bookkeeping, keeping up supplies for the market, and more. This is a good job for someone with entrepreneurial spirit who wants a taste of what is involved in running a local food business. It's also a good fit for someone who loves the farmers market atmosphere and is looking for flexible work.


text:
Pampatherium is een uitgestorven gordeldierachtige behorend tot de familie Pampatheriidae. Het was een herbivoor die tijdens het Pleistoceen op het Amerikaanse continent leefde.

Verspreiding
Fossielen van Pampatherium zijn gevonden in Argentinië, Bolivia, Uruguay, Brazilië, Venezuela, Costa Rica en Mexico.

Kenmerken
Pampatherium was bijna twee meter lang en woog meer dan 250 kilogram. Dit dier voedde zich met planten.

Uitgestorven gordeldierachtigen
Pleistoceen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Existing Parent
New Diagnosis
Jeremy's Story: A 37 Year Old with Down Syndrome Who Loves to Camp
Your Child's First Name
Your Child's Age
Does Your Child Have Siblings?
Yes, 1 older brother by 3 yrs, Gabe
Did You Have a Prenatal or Postnatal Down Syndrome Diagnosis?
Postnatal Diagnosis
How Was The Experience Surrounding Your Child's Delivery?
It was shocking when my ob looked up at me and my husband saying he thought Jeremy had Down Syndrome. 15 minutes later, our pediatrician, which was an older doctor, walked into our room holding our son by his fingertips. The Dr. said, "these children have no muscle tone, been known to commit suicide, murder their mothers and if we were going to put him in an institution, to do it now." Yep, that's what we got! But God had other plans!! One of my aunts called my mom and told her about a family friend who was a Dr. at Egleston Children's Hospital at Emory University Hospital who worked with children like Jeremy.
Mom got his number from the Doctor's mom and she called him that evening. My mom told him what our pediatrician had told us and Dr. Blackston asked what she wanted to hear. He was so mad at what the pediatrician told us. He asked if we had other children and she told him yes, a 3 yr old son, Gabe. He said to tell us to treat him just like we did Gabe. He said Jeremy would do some things slow, some things on time, and everything Gabe did. He gave us the best advice, "but never treat him handicapped!!"
Thru the years, we have seen that come to pass, and Jeremy has always done things in his own timing! Sure, we had ups and downs, but more ups than downs!!
Jeremy had no medical problems.
What Was It Like Bringing Home a Child with Down syndrome?
From day one, Jeremy has had so much love from everyone he has met! Our home had company from the moment we got out of the car until 9 that night!!!
Jeremy had his days and nights reversed so he slept all day and stayed awake all night!! This went on about two months but we survived ?.
What Has Development Been Like For Your Child?
Jeremy sat up by 5 months, spoke very early, crawled at 10 months but didn't walk until 27 months. He had no need to walk as he crawled so fast!! His early interventionist threatened to time his crawling as he was fast as lightning and would NOT put his legs down when trying to get him to try to walk holding his hands. He would hold onto to the chairs, sofa and walk. But when he decided to walk, he just got up and walked across the porch to the other end (about 10 ft) where Gabe was. His balance was perfect! He was a little slower with potty training which was about 4 yrs old.
We started him in K4 at a private Christian school which he received a lot of one on one help. He did K5 there also. It gave him such a good foundation as he started public school in 1st grade. He had wonderful teachers in elementary school in special education classes. He went to our local middle school for 6-8 grade which he was included in some regular education classes, pe, and chorus.
He attended high school 9-12 and was in a transitional class and had wonderful peer tutors thru the years.
What Are Some Good Surprises You Were Not Expecting About Raising a Child with Down Syndrome?
Oh my, Jeremy has amazed us with so many things. I guess the most amazing is his memory!! If I need to remember to buy or do something, I just tell him about it and he reminds me!!
I have learned to never say NEVER!! He has done things in his own timing!!
What Are Some of Your Favorite Family Activities?
We love to camp! He has his "mancave" in the bunkhouse room of our travel trailer.
We attend our local high school's football game and he enjoys being the social light of the stadium! He grew up attending the games as his brother played in middle and high school. Gabe now helps coach the middle school football team and films for the high school team so Jeremy just walks into the locker room as part of the team.
What Challenges Have You Faced?
Puberty years were a little stressful as those hormones kick in at the chronological age and that is a little tough trying to explain what is happening in his body.
But I worked on our local disabilities and special needs board and received a lot of suggestions to help him thru the process.
What Would You Tell Yourself When You First Received Your Child's Diagnosis Now That You Know What This Journey Is Like?
Don't stress and worry about what he will be able to do!! Enjoy every milestone and take it one day at a time. If you have questions, ask!!! Especially now with the internet and groups like this! Every child is different and don't compare with your other children. Each child has challenges and learn thru them.
What Would You Tell a Family Whose Child Just Received a Down Syndrome Diagnosis?
First, congratulations!! You are in for the ride of your life!! You will learn so much from your child on the journey. I give them our phone number to call anytime they have questions or just need to talk. That is something we didn't have at the very beginning. But as Jeremy started receiving Early Intervention at six weeks old, we met other parents and learned from each other. If you feel something is wrong with your child, don't stop asking questions to your Doctor. You will always have to be your child's advocate.
Check Out These Stories
Dan Roll
Such a wonderful outlook on what should be viewed as a positive situation. Jeremy is blessed with a wonderful family and friends.
Jeremy, you have a wonderful smile! Sounds like you have a loving family who are very lucky to have you <3
Alecia Holmes
Such a beautiful story! Thanks for sharing!
Loved this story! Thank you!
HOPE STORY &copy2018


The effects-driven family franchise loses its sparkle third time around.
Thanks to its nifty blend of high-concept and wide-appeal comedy, the Night at the Museum series has established itself as dependable family entertainment. Third time around the magic is wearing thin, however, with the bulk of the action relocating to London as Ben Stiller's security guard Larry attempts to revive the magical tablet that brings exhibits to life.
Everything about this sequel screams paycheck as the returning faces (among them Robin Williams, Owen Wilson, Steve Coogan and Ricky Gervais) breeze through on cruise control leaving the heavy lifting to the visual effects team. The newcomers launch into it with gusto, but Dan Stevens's preening Lancelot is little more than a one-note gag and Rebel Wilson's London guard Tilly is an edgeless riff on her well-worn persona.
Even a cameo from an A-list superhero actor can't inject life into a story that sags with predictability. It says a lot when the most charismatic performer is probably Crystal the Monkey, the capuchin famed for her appearances in The Hangover movies.
Director Shawn Levy mounts some clever set pieces, including a miniature Pompeii eruption and a trip through MC Escher's gravity-defying painting Relativity, but outside of the spectacle there's not enough spark in the character interplay to keep you invested for the duration. Hank Azaria and Amy Adams, the standouts from previous film Battle of the Smithsonian, are badly missed here.
All of this is a big shame, because at the heart of Night at the Museum lies a great idea. Even in Secret of the Tomb's superior predecessors the filmmakers never quite got ahold of the concept, but you could almost overlook this because these earlier films were at least fun and frothy. With movie number three, the novelty is very much wearing off, and all the story and character deficiencies feel so much more apparent.
Secret of the Tomb's dreary story sees the heroes stroll through the British Museum after hours, trade banal quips, encounter something or someone that sparks an action sequence and the cycle repeats. Stiller's Larry brings his son Nick (Skyler Gisondo) along for the ride, and the rebuilding of the pair's fractured bond attempts to lend some mawkish sentiment to proceedings.
This all feels like a tepid farewell, the Night at the Museum series on its laboured victory laps. On the evidence of this outing, it's probably best to put the franchise in permanent storage.


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Elizabeth: The Golden Age
The splendour of the Elizabethan court made the perfect setting for Craig Armstrong to collaborate with acclaimed Indian director Shekhar Kapur and composer AR Rahman. One of the world's top selling artists, Rahman's score for the global hit Slumdog Millionaire won him an Academy Award in 2009.
Elizabeth: The Golden Age (2007) stars Oscar winner Cate Blanchett as England's longest-reigning queen in the days of the Spanish Armada, as she sets England against its invaders, whilst vying for the heart of Sir Walter Raleigh.
The score was written in Glasgow by Rahman and Armstrong, before being recorded at London's legendary Air Studios. 'Working with Shekhar and AR was a unique experience,' says Armstrong, 'and one through which we became friends.'
Buy on iTunes UK
Buy on Amazon UK


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Calabasas mayor outraged after YouTube star Jake Paul throws weekend mansion party
By Bill Melugin
Coronavirus in SoCal
Jake Paul throws mansion party during pandemic
The Mayor of Calabasas is outragedas YouTube celebrity Jake Paul threw a massive party at his mansion over the weekend the In violation of the current health orders.
CALABASAS, Calif. - The mayor of Calabasas tells FOX 11 she is outraged after video shows YouTube Star Jake Paul throwing a large party at his mansion on Saturday.
"It wasn't just myself who was outraged, it was everyone who saw the video," said Mayor Alicia Weintraub.
The Mayor says she started getting a barrage of phone calls from constituents after the video surfaced on social media of the party.
Get breaking news alerts in the FOX 11 News app. Download for iOS or Android.
Angry nearby residents contacted FOX 11 on Tuesday and sent their own video they shot of the party but declined to be interviewed.
Video posted to Instagram shows masses of young people partying both inside and outside of Paul's mansion, all day and night.
No masks or social distancing can be observed.
RELATED: Stay up to date on all coronavirus-related information
"They're having this large party, no social distancing, no masks, it's just a big huge disregard for everything that everybody is trying to do to get things back to functioning," Weintraub said. "It's really just a party acting like COVID does not exist, it's acting that businesses aren't closed."
As a result, Weintraub says she's working with the Lost Hills Sheriff's station to ensure that moving forward, there will be a zero-tolerance policy on house parties in the city in violation of health orders. No more warnings.
"No gatherings will be tolerated like this," she said. "Something like this will not happen again."
FOX 11 has reached out to Paul and his reps for comment, but we have not yet heard back.


The Sports Loft is organizing the Snow Leopard fundraiser for the Snow Leopard Fund at Alta resort this Saturday at 8am. The goal is to reach 200,000 vertical feet as a group so come out and join in the fun and add your vert for a good cause.
1:15 – 2:15 Race winners presentations, Give aways, Contests, Friends, Fun, Music and light snacks.
*Note: The race will NOT be timed. There will be a marked course and winners will be held to the honor system. The race will cover approximately 2,000 vertical feet.
Utah Ski Mountaineering shared a post.
LAST RACE OF THE SEASON!
If your weary powder legs can handle a little more vert, we have one more race for you this Tuesday night 3/5. This weeks course will have 2 loops for you to ski around for a points based race. The race will start at the first big flat area as your heading up the Great Western lift. Right hand loop will be punchy while the left hand loop will be a little longer and more off trail skiing. This will be as many points as you can rack up in an hour.
Please remember to park at milli chalet and walk over to check in near the base of a great western lift. The start will take about 10-15 minutes to skin to so allow your self some extra time. Start time is 7pm sharp!
If you have not signed waivers then do it here utahskimo.org/ and a save yourself some time.
Racing on the Milly Side in Powder!
Double Booter and Powder Racing!


The first ever Crowborough Community Festival kicks off on Bank Holiday Monday (1 May) with a dinosaur-themed Lost World Fun Day at Goldsmiths Recreation Ground.
Packed with fun for all the family – and free of charge – the day is themed around former resident Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's 1912 adventure novel, The Lost World. Crowborough's prehistoric past was the inspiration for the theme; the High Weald's unique geology, wildlife and history have made it an internationally-important landscape and a hotspot for past fossil hunters.
A wide range of activities for all ages will be on offer including dinosaur-themed craft workshops with children's author Paul Stickland, wilderness survival skills, a climbing wall and assault course, art exhibitions, locally-sourced food and drink plus live music from the Noble Jacks Duo, Bloco Fogo Samba Band and The Ashdown Forest Morris Men.
Visitors can also enjoy outdoor street theatre from The Iguanodon Restaurant – a hilarious romp through 60 years of history and scientific discovery, focusing on famous fossil discoveries and the birth of geology.The day starts at 11am and runs until 5pm; a free shuttle bus will be running from Crowborough Station and St John's School car park. For more information visit www.crowboroughcommunityfestival.org/the-lost-world-of-conan-doyle-fun-day.
The Crowborough Community Festival is a month-long celebration of Crowborough's landscape and cultural heritage, supported by local businesses and national organisations including the Heritage Lottery Fund and the High Weald AONB Partnership. A host of family-friendly events will run throughout May including guided walks, seminars, music and theatre performances and workshops. View the full festival programme at: www.crowboroughcommunityfestival.org.
As part of the festival, High Weald Education Officer Rachel Bennington will lead a series of arts and science workshops with six local primary schools, helping children engage with the area's fascinating history and environment. As well as handling fossils and other interesting wildlife items, pupils will embark on a 'Lost World Quest', adventuring to nearby green spaces to discover more about the area's rocks, fossils, dinosaurs, modern-day reptiles and their habitats.


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Question: What Is A Capnometer?
What is a Capnometer used for?
What is capnography measured in?
Is capnography expensive?
How is high etco2 treated?
What is the difference between a Capnograph and a Capnometer?
What is normal capnography reading?
What is imCO2?
What is the normal range for etco2?
What is the purpose of etco2 monitoring?
What is a capnography monitor?
What are the three types of etco2 monitors?
What should etco2 be during CPR?
What is disposable Capnometer?
How does a Capnograph work?
What does etco2 mean?
Why are co2 levels important?
Is low etco2 acidosis?
Capnometry is a non‐invasive monitoring technique which allows fast and reliable insight into ventilation, circulation, and metabolism.
In the prehospital setting it is mainly used to confirm correct tracheal tube placement..
Capnography provides breath-to-breath ventilation data It consists of a number and a graph. The number is capnometry, which is the partial pressure of CO2 detected at the end of exhalation. This is end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) which is normally 35-45 mm Hg.
Purchase of a pulse oximetry monitor was assumed to be at no cost, whereas capnography cost USD 4,000 per monitor and USD 16 per procedure for disposables (double that for pulse oximetry at USD 8.10). Both types of monitoring were associated with training and maintenance requirements.
No change or a rising ETCO2 level indicates that respiratory effort is still failing to adequately eliminate CO2, and that more other interventions are needed. A patient receiving supplemental oxygen may need CPAP, and patients whose ETCO2 rises with CPAP may need assisted ventilation with a BVM.
Capnography refers to the comprehensive measurement and display of CO2 including end-tidal, inspired, and the capnogram (real-time CO2 waveform). A capnograph is a device which measures CO2 and displays a waveform. Capnometry refers to the measurement and display of CO2 in numeric form only.
When it comes to capnography, everyone knows the normal adult respiratory rate of 12-20 breaths per minute and most people know, or quickly learn, that the normal quantity of exhaled CO2 is 35-45 mmHg. What can be intimidating is the idea of reading the shape of the waveform, but in practice it's not difficult at all.
imCO2 means (inspired minimum CO2). The end of inspiration on the capnography waveform is referred to as phase 1 and represents dead space gases. If you notice that the waveform baseline is elevated it can mean a couple of things. The two most common are rebreathing CO2, and contamination of the capnometer.
35-45 mmHgEnd-tidal CO2 – EtCO2 is a noninvasive technique which represents the partial pressure or maximal concentration of CO2 at the end of exhalation. Normal value is 35-45 mmHg.
ETCO2 can be recommended as a noninvasive method for determination of metabolic acidosis and can be used to detect early metabolic acidosis in patients with spontaneous breathing, however, ABG should be used as the gold standard for diagnosis and management of treatment (60).
A capnography monitor is used in healthcare facilities to measure end tidal CO2 (EtCO2), or the amount of carbon dioxide a patient exhales. … This monitoring system is capable of providing four main readings: EtCO2.
Three primary types of ETco2 monitors are available: sidestream, mainstream, and Microstream®.
Normal ETCO2 in the adult patient should be 35-45 mmHg. Two very practical uses of waveform capnography in CPR are: 1.) … High quality chest compressions are achieved when the ETCO2 value is at least 10-20 mmHg.
: a monitoring device that measures and numerically displays the concentration of carbon dioxide in exhaled air — compare capnograph.
e essential mechanism of capnography is basic. It is grounded on the property that carbon dioxide (CO2) absorbs infrared radiation. When the patient exhales, a beam of infrared light is passed over the gas sample on a sensor. … Inspiration, therefore, is shown on the waveform by a drop of the CO2 levels to zero.
End-tidal CO2End-tidal CO2 (EtCO2) is the partial pressure of CO2. at the end of an exhaled breath—normally 38mm Hg or 5%.1. Capnography, the measurement of exhaled carbon dioxide (CO2), has been gaining popularity in hospital critical care environments and more recently in the prehospital setting as well.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is an important heat-trapping (greenhouse) gas, which is released through human activities such as deforestation and burning fossil fuels, as well as natural processes such as respiration and volcanic eruptions.
In hypoperfused patients with metabolic acidosis from shock states, EtCO2 decreases because of a compensatory increase in minute volume resulting from a decrease in serum bicarbonate (HCO3). [11] The more acidotic the patient becomes, the lower the serum HCO3, the greater the respiratory rate, and the lower the EtCO2.
How Do You Keep Blinds Dust Free?
How often should you dust your blinds? Once a month
Who Said No Is A Complete Sentence?
What is a complete sentence example? A complete sentence
Quick Answer: How Do I Help My Daughter With Her Anxiety?
How do I know if my daughter has anxiety?
Question: Why Does Heavy Whipping Cream Thicken In Fridge?
Does heavy cream thicken? Dairy Products Heavy cream
Quick Answer: How Do You Treat Yeast In Urine?
What does it mean when you have yeast in your urine?


If you enjoyed viewing the vintage photographs please consider loaning this web site prints or negatives from your personal collection. Contact if you'd like to make your images available. Use EAYEARBOOKS.COM as your subject line entry. Otherwise the spam filter may delete your message.
Please use the box below to post a message for others who visit this site.
Among many other memories, it was so great to see that the 1971 Yearbook was dedicated to my mother, Mrs. Walter. Thank you to those responsible for another opportunity to remember, tearfully, how wonderful she was.
Thank you for the great memories. I really enjoyed looking at the photos. If I'd known then, that I'd be looking at this 35 years later, I would have made sure they had better pictures of me. Anyone got a spare copy of (the) 1968 (Carioca)? Thanks.
It was a total trip down Memory Lane!
Just wish 1973 had had a yearbook!
I have just spent several hours looking through the 1956 yearbook and remembering so many people in the photos. I was there from 1954-1957 (sixth to eighth grade). Thank you so much for the renewed memories.
I have just been transported to some of the happiest times of my life! Thanks for making this possible!!!!!!
I note that the great Yearbook for our class (1958) was (Ann Dillabough's). Funny feeling to read what I wrote to her 46 years ago!
Just kind of fell upon this site. Cool to see some pictures from the '96 reunion.
Your site revealed what became of many friends following our departure from Rio. The Cariocas took me back in time and made me see what I missed out on when we left in 1965. A special thanks to your wife!
God bless to all of those who made EA and my time in Rio so memorable an event of my life. Hope to see you all again.
Com muita saudade do Brazil e de meus amigos de la. Miss you all.
Great pictures of the '96 reunion!
I would very much like to know if anyone has any idea where John "Buck" Smith is. If anyone knows how to get in touch with Buck Smith please have him call Ronda Jordan King at (972) 617-2668 or Shari Jordan Shaw at (254) 666-2540 He was friends with Eddie Salles, Guy Cabot, Carol Butler.....HELP!
Our family lost almost all our old photos during a move many years ago so finding any like these is highly appreciated.
I just wanted to thank you for putting together this website: it was fun to look at faces and names from so long ago!
EA YB 1952 is certainly a winner.... I knew most of the seniors and to this day, remember them. Good to see the teachers, too. (James H.) Cunningham kept me on the straight and narrow and was a mentor.
Thank you for returning the 1952 Carioca....such an adventure after sitting on a bookshelf for 50 years!....The years rolled away while glancing through these Carioca pages. We had a unique experience at EA ...many fond memories and friends never to be forgotten. My best to all of them!!
Tripped across this web site by shear coincidence...Brought back a flood of long buried memories.
...it leaves an emptiness in your heart to look at old friends and photos. I sadly had to leave Rio in 1964. Trying hard to find an Email for Roy Martin or Judy Moore.
Special thanks to Bruce for his original site and now to ....this one. It was truly the best of times growing up in Rio and studying at EA. "Obrigado do coração" to everyone I had the privilege of knowing. Hoping that our paths may cross again sometime in the (near) future.
I am eternally grateful for having found wonderful yearbook pictures of both my father and mother. My father's is a timeless treasure and a picture I had never seen. Bill Hogarth, my dad, passed away of lung cancer on 11/17/1993. Thank you for reminding me again how wonderful a person he was.
...Here's to our 30th in a couple of years, fellow '76ers!
I have sat for seven hours looking at everything on this site. Although I left EA during my freshman year, I recognized many people. What good memories; what a place to spend one's teenage years! I am finally taking my husband to Rio for Carnival 2005, and would like to hear from anyone still living there.
I would like to hear from my classmates.
Adorei poder rever alguns dos melhores e inesqueciveis momentos de nossa vida. Aos 47 anos de idade estou emocionado ao ver as fotos dos yearbooks e reconhecer o quanto a EA foi importante para todos nos. Saudacoes para todos da Familia EARJ!
I just found this site -- how cool! So -- when's the next reunion?
Was also known as Frau Castro, German teacher for many years. On May 13th, 2005 there will be a get-together for the members of the class of '55 -would love to see many of you. Saudades and let me hear from you.
It's nice to look back and remember that I was once young and hung out with some goofy but great intellectuals. Long live the Spirit of the 76'ers!
Like others, I think of my days at EA quite often. Thanks for helping rekindle such great memories!
So many wonderful memories are conjured up when I browse through the yearbooks and other pictures.....I hope others will send in more pictures. Hope to see many friends at Suadades 2006.
I stumbled across this website accidentally and have never been involved in the school, Rio, or even South America but, in any case, I have absolutely loved trawling through the photos. what a marvelous resource - this really is history in action.
I attended Escola Americana from 1954-1957 (6th-8th grade). It was great going through the website again after several years since my first "visit" and seeing new photos and yearbook pages. So many familiar names and sites. Thank you for the hard work that has gone into making all this information available for students who attended Escola Americana.
Thanks for compiling these pictures! It was nice to see some old pictures of my golf mentor Mario Gonzales at Gavea Golf Club.
Adorei rever todos nossos amigos!!!
Marcia Mesquita, Vera Duemichen, Ninú, May, Ricardo Almeida, Robby B., Thomas Klein....gente onde vc estão?
CADÊ O PESSOAL DE '74???
What a wonderful opportunity to relive the magical years of my life. Not only have I enjoyed the pictures but have also made contact with long lost loved friends (Marcia, Louise, May). Now that we are all nearing, or are in our 5th decade, is it not time for a class reunion?
Nossa! Essa foi uma "viagem" maravilhosa no tempo!!! Parabéns às pessoas que fizeram essa maravilhosa home-page!! Me senti presenteada por ter uma parte da minha história de vida documentada!!
Fui do EA desde o Leblon (1964-1979) e olhando as fotos de lá, eu consegui lembrar de cada detalhe do colégio...que saudades!!!!
Fiz uma Comunidade destinada aos alunos da Escola Americana do Rio de Janeiro das turmas de '...'77 '78 '79 '80 '81..., seus ex-alunos, professores, e amigos.
Vamos ver se conseguimos achar todos os amigos para matar as "SAUDADES"!!!!
Agora teremos um lugarzinho para ficarmos always "in touch", saber dos eventos que irão acontecer, e principalmente "get together again" mesmo que virtualmente!!!
Grande viagem no tempo. Emocionante!
Such nostalgia! I was only at EA for a year and a half, but I remembered so much as I explored this site.
I left Rio in 1970 but would have graduated with the class of '74! The pictures in the year book are so great to look at - most of you did not change at all! Has there been a reunion of the class of '74 yet? That would be so much fun!
I attended EA in 1967 and 1/2 of 1968, attended lower school only. Although I was at the school for a short period, it made an impression on me. Loved the extension photos of Rio!
Is it just me, or were these some of the best years of our lives? Abracos a todos.
Great site! Love seeing the older pictures. Fashion sure has changed! Tom Callahan - Star is married and living in Punta Gorda, FL. Her address and phone number can be found in the Barulho Brasileiro phone listing. Kenneth Jones - Hi! Sweets. Remember you and Brian Jones were kind of sweet on me. Bless you for making me feel like someone special.
I attended EA from 1970-1972, 3rd-5th grade.
I LOVED Miss Lucy in 3rd grade in Leblon! You made a great impression on me. Yours is the only name I remember. My best friend, Eri Miki, I still think about you. I hope you find this web site.
Thanks so much for doing this website. It is a treasure! Clayton and Don Seely, our parents were friends way back when. You must remember my brother Michel '78.
I have enjoyed this tremendously. Fantastic job to all who contributed.
Hi my old buddies, I want to get in touch with you guys/girls.
I recently learned of this site - what a treat! Many thanks!
What a fun site!! I loved my years at EA - I was there from 8th grade through 10th. Especially enjoyed seeing pictures of Mr. Z.!!!
Really Cool!!!! Browsing through the several years brought very happy memories. Congratulations for the idea. I hope you can manage to add further years.
WEBMASTERS NOTE : EAYEARBOOKS is built out. Only individual photographs will be added in the future should they become available. I encourage the next generation to carry on the tradition.


CHERS Activities - Carlton Housing Estates Residents Services, CHERS.
represent the residents on issues relating to their well-being.
It also represent to the Council, State, and federal Goverments directly or through their representatives, such as MPs.
VIC-Road and Citizenship V&C tests Help.


The notoriety is a tip for consideration It's great when you are hunting down the wellbeing supplements to think about the organization with great notoriety. The organization with notoriety promises you quality products that can fill the need planned. To know the company reputation you look for the customers' reviews on the company website or ask people that are near you who use the health supplement products. This will guide you to know the thoughts and the experience of other people on the effects of the products in the body. If you check the Youngevity product's … Read More..
are seeking more sustainability as a business? Did you recently start your business and want to move into the big leagues? Are you a big corporation that wants to cut down on its expenses? Managed services are the answer to your question. Managed services have taken business at all levels and of all forms by storm. A managed service refers to the concept of proactively outsourcing precise functions in a bid to cut down on expenses and improve general performance. Managed services have taken root in the IT sector.
The tedium of looking after your own IT systems can inhibit you IT department from working on crucial projects. Being able then to identify a well-managed service provider is beneficial. What factors do you consider when looking for an IT service provider to manage your It systems? Firstly, there is the issue of continuous system monitoring. Now recall you're your IT system protection, data management, and system monitoring is under this firm. Consequently, ensure that the service provider is keen on upgrading their monitoring apparatus to prevent attacks that level your systems.
Secondly, you want to make sure that you are dealing with a stable service provider. An It firm that is well established reduces the risk of future abandonment. Basically, it reduces the risk of managed service provider folding operations, due to unsustainable business; hence you are left with orphaned software. Take time to check how long the service provider has been in operation, their financial history and their ability to hold on to customers. If all this check out, then you are dealing with excellent managed IT services. This is crucial since managed It services are nor about instant results or quick fixes but rather long-term relationships.


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Q: MySQL query returns different set of results on two identical databases I exported a live MySQL database (running mysql 5.0.45) to a local copy (running mysql 5.1.33) with no errors upon import. There is a view in the database, that when executed locally, returns a different set of data than when executed remotely. It's returning 32 results instead of 63. When I execute the raw sql, the same problem occurs. I've inspected the data in all tables being joined, and the counts are the same.
The query is simple and has no where conditions - but about 10 joins. Aside from the differences in mysql versions... I can't find any reason that this query would return different results between databases... since they are effectively exact copies.
Has anyone experienced a problem like this before?

A: I had problems like this on upgrading from 4.1 to 5.0 caused by changes in how SQL was implemented on the different versions.  Your views might be affected by something like this.
Our upgrade process now involves building synchronized replicas of the two versions, taking extracts from the live query logs, and playing these against both versions and comparing the results.  For 4.1 to 5.0 upgrade, it took us 6 months to work through the changes required to get our system compatible with both given that we have over 1000 distinct queries.
Maatkit provide some tools to help with upgrades:
mk-table-checksum - create checksums of your tables on both versions.  This will identify minute differences that can creep in across the load.
Possibly this could be used too:
mk-query-digest - extract queries from logs for replaying. (I am not sure if this works with query log or just slow-query log:  we wrote a similar tool and so did not use this.)

A: The problem was that certain rows in the exported DB had IDs of 0, but when imported were given a positive integer ID. As a result, the broken FK references caused the different resulting queries.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Peripheral Nerve injury (PNI) is common following blunt or penetrating trauma. Despite the best efforts of the reconstructive nerve surgeon, muscle reinnervation is often incomplete. Studies have shown that peak volitional force (as assessed by MRC grading) is not predictive of the subjective patient experience of muscle reinnervation. Subsequent focus groups and qualitative studies of nerve injured patients have identified muscle fatigability as a central theme of muscle reinnervation. This study aimed to characterise fatigue in a standardised surgical model of muscle reinnervation.
This study recruited 12 patients who were at least 1 year post-Oberlin nerve transfer to reinnervate elbow flexors (biceps-brachialis). Fatigue was objectively assessed by repeated and sustained isometric contractions of the elbow flexor muscles using a Handheld Dynamometer. Co-contraction was concurrently assessed by surface EMG (sEMG) ratios of biceps to triceps. This protocol was executed in the nerve injured arm and the contralateral uninjured arm of participants.
1) Mean peak force of reinnervated elbow flexor muscles was 37% of the uninjured contralateral arm (7.7kg (SD 3.8) compared to 20.7kg (SD 6.8)).
2) Nerve injured arms demonstrated significantly earlier fatigability (p<0.01 paired t-test) in the sustained model of fatigue assessment.
3) Re-innervated elbow flexor muscles manifested a shift in sEMG frequency spectra to a range associated with Type 1 muscle fibres (20-125Hz).
3) Co-contraction ratios were higher in reinnervated muscles compared to uninjured muscle in repeatability and sustainability assessments of fatigue. Moreover, co-contraction increased with fatigue in reinnervated muscle.
This study presents clinically relevant characteristics of reinnervated muscle and has demonstrated how this differs from uninjured muscle. Adoption of these metrics into clinical practice and outcomes assessment will allow a more meaningful comparison to be made between differing treatment options and drive advancements in motor recovery therapy.


A family limited partnership (FLP) is a limited partnership (LP) owned by family members, or family controlled entities (trusts, etc.). They work the same as any limited partnership. The FLP is commonly used for protection because it can protect a wide range of assets, maximize your creditor protection, and give you or your family continuing control over your assets.
For many years, the limited partnership has been a staple of asset protection planning. Although in many instances the limited liability company (LLC) is now preferable to the LP, limited partnerships are still popular, and are sometimes still the entity of choice.
Limited partnerships are a variation of the general partnership. General partnerships (commonly referred to as 'partnerships') have existed for thousands of years. They are typically small businesses wherein each partner may manage, act for, and bind the company. Although a general partnership is technically not a distinct artificial entity, as it is not created by the government, each partner usually contributes property to a general pool of partnership assets as necessary for it to conduct business, and it is often treated as a distinct entity.
As commercial law developed, general partnerships gradually began to demonstrate some glaring shortcomings. That brought about the limited partnership. Among these shortcomings is the fact that one partner can make a decision that could financially harm not only the partnership as a whole, but the personal wealth of the other partners. Like a sole proprietorship, general partnerships have no limited liability. Therefore, if one partner obligates the partnership to debts it cannot pay, the personal wealth of all partners is at risk of being forfeited to the partnership's creditors. The same is true with debts arising from lawsuits: if one partner is dishonest or commits a tort while working for the partnership, then a creditor could obtain a judgment against the wrongdoer, the partnership as a whole, as well as each individual partner.
The limited partnership's chief difference from the general partnership is that it has two classes of partners: General partners and limited partners. A general partner manages the company. However, the general partner has unlimited personal liability. Consequently, if the company is unable to pay its debts, its creditors can look only to the property of a general partner to satisfy those debts.
Limited partners do not have this same vulnerability. A creditor can only pursue a limited partner's assets to the extent those assets have been contributed to the partnership. This makes their liability similar to a corporate stockholder. This idea has been codified in the ULPA and its successors. At the same time, a limited partner is forbidden from managing or otherwise running the company. If a limited partner does manage the company then he will likely lose his limited liability.
Because general partners – even in a limited partnership – have unlimited liability, an LLC or corporation is often used as the general partner of an LP. This effectively gives the general partner limited liability. Although the LLC or corporation has unlimited liability for the debts of the LP, those debts do not generally extend to the owners or managers of the LLC or corporation. This arrangement is especially useful if multiple individuals manage the partnership. Instead of each person acting as a general partner where their actions could expose the other general partners to liability, they can each be a manager of a single LLC, a corporate officer, or board member of a single corporation. This would limit their exposure to the wrongful acts of the other managers, and allow everyone to participate in managing the LP.
Besides the distinction between limited and general partners, a limited partnership essentially operates like a general partnership. Consequently, LPs (before LLCs became popular) were often the entity of choice for small businesses. The reasons for this are threefold: Simple management structure, lack of a requirement to follow corporate formalities, and partnership tax (pass-through) treatment.


Strategically aligned to deliver value and innovation.
Staying abreast of consumer trends and conversant with emerging technology is how we continue to offer our customers best-of-breed service and products.
Cans are increasingly the preferred method of packaging across a number of food sectors; especially where ambient temperature supply chains prevail and where product integrity is paramount. Pack performance is the key to success in fish and seafood - cans remain the leader in terms of preservation, presentation and value.
As governments across the globe offer incentives aimed at increasing fruit and vegetable consumption, cans lead the pack as a means to provide food which is readily available and nutritionally preserved.
Significant growth in the infant formula market, lead by China, is driving expansion; Chinese legislation states that Stage 1 (new-born) formulas must be packaged in steel food cans.
Our time-poor lifestyles are a factor too - canned food demand is expected to grow in tandem with rapid growth in 'ready meals'. China have already seen a 90% growth in this area from 2008 - 2013. Additionally, the demand for single serve portions (from 25g - 150g) is on the rise.
Ease of use also comes into play - the majority of the food can market is now easy open ends.


Ever find a module that does 98% of what you need it to do, and there's no way to make it do that last 2%? Ever need to fix a bug in a module you've run into, but you're the only one who's ever had this problem? You need a patch.
When is a patch appropriate?
How to use drush make to apply your patch automatically.
And most importantly: Why you SHOULD contribute your patch, and don't be shy!
This session may include a live demo on a sandbox module.
Joshua Turton brings a wide variety of skills to his role as a developer. A programmer comfortable working on both front-end and server-side technologies, he also brings a strong visual sensibility to his work. More than nine years of experience both in agencies and as an in-house developer give him a great flexibility.
Joshua has worked on a wide variety of projects, with an emphasis in the last few years on Drupal work. Highlights include the web site for the Federal Department of Energy and Pac-12 Networks.
A long-time Bay Area resident now living in Costa Rica, Joshua earned an MFA in Computer Arts/New Media from the Academy of Art University. He has also been an instructor there, teaching web technologies. In his spare time, he enjoys coaching Little League, board games, and chocolate.


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Best skinny jeans
Drew Barrymore explains why she's never had plastic surgery
'Things are going to go south, and it's OK.'
(Image credit: Mike Pont / Getty Images)
Drew Barrymore has opened up about plastic surgery and why she's embracing a natural approach to ageing.
Bucking the trend for Hollywood actresses to get injectable fillers or invasive facial 'tweakments' to hold back the years, right now 45-year-old Barrymore is relying on the power of makeup for a youthful glow. Especially her own cosmetics line Flower Beauty, which she founded in 2013.
"I've never done anything to my face and I would like to try not to," the mom of two said during an episode of her talk show, The Drew Barrymore Show. "Never say never," she added.
The best hair dryer for a professional blowout at home
Barrymore went on to say that she was reluctant to start experimenting with cosmetic treatments as it could be a slippery slope that would ultimately alter her natural appearance. "The thing that I do care about and I do feel is still relevant to my life is the face. I know myself. I'm a highly addictive person. I do one injection, I'm going to look like Jocelyn Wildenstein by Friday," she said.
"I think because I'm so rebellious that I saw all of that pressure and I saw all of those women torturing themselves to look a certain way and I thought, 'You miserable people.' I just never wanted to be afraid of what life would do to me. I probably went to too many opposite extremes. Now I'm boring and safe and healthy," Barrymore continued.
"We're going to age, things are going to go south, and it's OK, it's a part of life. I feel more human and more vulnerable every year of my life but I also know how to appreciate every year more and more too."
Wise words indeed.
Shoveling snow is actually really good exercise, if you have the right technique
Turn shoveling snow into an effective workout that can burn calories and build strength
By Stacey Carter • Published 17 January 22
The best whitening toothpaste for a brighter smile, recommended by dentists and tested by us
Achieving a whiter smile doesn't have to be costly. We've found best whitening toothpaste to help brighten your teeth


Posted by Jeff on 01 02 2016.
A collaborative interface that features the WHM and cPanel works together to make the web building experience smoother. The web host manager assists users through the web hosting control panel system. This manages the different parts of a server's web hosting needs. The web host manager is the server administrator that controls the server from a web interface. It manages domain accounts, restart services, and allows you to manage your hosting and reseller accounts, and more. The cPanel adds to it by assisting to manage and monitor a web builder's website. It provides many useful features like addons and apps. Domain owners can manage email and ftp accounts, view site statistics, manage addons, and parked domains. Here will discuss more about the interactive interface of the WHM cPanel.
WHM offers administrative access to the back end of cPanel. It is like the mother board for the basis of a website. WHM cPanel ( https://www.buycpanel.com/cpanel_full_license/ ) allows web builders to control cPanel by using WHM to focus on certain websites of high importance or manage loads of websites. Clients are able to see their bandwidth usage, so upgrading from shared hosting to VPS hosting is a no-brainer. A small tip for running a reseller webhosting business is that you can set up multiple cPanel accounts by assigning one account to each client. This may be most useful for reseller accounts, webhosting providers or for those with a number of sites as it can help manage accounts.
The WHM cPanel is designed for web builders trying to grow the wealth of their business. It works side by side with web builders to help make the layout of their website something worth discussing for their clients. The control panel remains a plugin system for installing applications and configuring extra servers.
This software is used to perform administrative and management operating system tasks and provides access to specific software features. It has been created to manage almost all the aspects of the website, including functionality, users and passwords, options, network settings, display settings, and much more. Within the control panel, there are many different ways to upgrade a web builder's website. Site owners turn to their cPanel for organizational and performance help for their website. It takes all the ideas of web builders and organizes them into categories in folders to ensure that it follows a particular order. The WHM cPanel is simply the better of two worlds.
cPanel's WHM administrates control of a dedicated or Virtual Private server (VPS). Web builders use WHM to create individual accounts, add domains to their server, manage hosting features, and perform basic system and control panel maintenance. The WHM cPanel allows for conjunctive use to assist web builders in the process of making their website more functional and interactive. The cPanel WHM uses various features and addons to create a fun and unique experience through theme changes, organizational assistance and helpful account configurations.
Let our team at BuycPanel guide you through the steps of attaining a unique and interactive web building experience with our 24/7 support team that can guide you through anything. Find more information for our services to web builders here.


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Q: Trouble configuring Jenkins When I go to run a ruby script as a build task, this is the error I get.
I am not sure what is wrong with the setup.
my RUBY_HOME "/home/bitnami/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p374"

Any Ideas?
Started by user User Name
Building in workspace /opt/bitnami/apps/jenkins/jenkins_home/workspace/Test
[Test] $ ruby -v /opt/bitnami/apache-tomcat/temp/hudson7369076924945073821.rb
FATAL: command execution failed
java.io.IOException: Cannot run program "ruby" (in directory    "/opt/bitnami/apps/jenkins/jenkins_home/workspace/Test"): error=2, No such file or directory

A: To use RVM-managed ruby in Jenkins jobs, you have to source rvm in the build steps, like . /path/to/rvm/scripts/rvm. Then you need to set which ruby to use with rvm use. I use it extensively with no errors.


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La quarta stagione della sitcom Bob Hearts Abishola viene trasmessa in prima visione assoluta negli Stati Uniti d'America da CBS a partire dal 19 settembre 2022..

In Italia la stagione è inedita.

Note

Collegamenti esterni
 La quarta stagione di Bob Hearts Abishola sull'Internet Movie Database


Get to know the JC Penney building and our development team.
Own your own luxury condo. Schedule a showing today.
17 residential units. Decide which one you want to live in.
This is a unique opportunity to own a luxury, new construction condo on Gay Street in downtown Knoxville. The units are complete with stainless steel appliances, washer/dryer, private entry, hardwood floors, tile showers, concrete counters, and custom cabinetry.
We are within walking distance of many restaurants, art galleries, bars, music venues, shops and more. As well as walking distance to UT campus and Neyland Stadium. Below are just a few of the places near by.
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Tourists visit our national parks to see the majestic vistas, not haze-obscured views. The two images of the Grand Canyon below illustrate this point: In the view on the left, one can see for more than 200 miles, while on the right, visibility is only about 60 miles. That's because the view in the right-hand picture is obscured by air pollution, which also impairs public health and the environment.
Source: Grand Canyon National Park Webcam, Yavapai Point, Ariz.
This phenomenon is not unique to the Grand Canyon; the US National Park Service operates webcams at many national parks, and they document local visibility every day.
The Clean Air Act regulates lack of visibility due to pollution as "regional haze," and since 1999 the federal government has required states to reduce it in national parks and wilderness areas. The pollutants that create regional haze come from vehicles, power plants, and other sources: nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and tiny airborne particles. This "particulate matter" (PM) is less than 2.5 microns in diameter, small enough to lodge in the lungs and damage them. (By comparison, a human hair is approximately 50 to 70 microns in diameter.) Historically, the power sector has been responsible for a significant portion of NOx, SO2, and PM emissions.
State air quality agencies are charged by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) with improving visibility in national parks and wilderness areas. States develop long-term plans to return visibility to natural conditions and have to update those plans soon. Thus far, states have relied primarily on adding pollution control equipment at power plants, which can be expensive and reduces the output of the facility, and each type of control equipment acts on only one or two air pollutants. Energy efficiency, however, can reduce emissions of all pollutants at once—and at a low cost. RAP is working with states to help them employ energy efficiency to meet federal visibility improvement obligations.
Many states are aggressively pursuing energy efficiency to reduce consumer costs, but they may be missing an opportunity to claim the air quality improvements that EE achieves. The potential is immense: One estimate, from the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), calculated that EE could save 741,000 GWh of power by 2035, enough to achieve at least a 16 percent reduction in electricity use in the United States, at a cost of less than 5 cents per kWh (about half the cost of generating electricity in parts of the country and about a third in other areas). One GWh is enough electricity to power more than 100,000 homes for a year.
The American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy ranks states on their EE gains each year, along with those that have most improved their scores. Many states are achieving at least a 1 percent per year reduction in sales of electricity; the leading states are surpassing 2.5 percent per year. These energy reductions can translate into thousands of tons of avoided NOx, SO2, and PM emissions per year, depending on the emissions characteristics of the region's utility grid. A good tool for quantifying these reductions is the EPA's AVERT model, which estimates the emissions that can be avoided through energy efficiency and renewable energy. Using the AVERT model with the EE potential in EPRI's work referenced above, for example, the Southeast states could avoid more than 80,000 tons of NOx, SO2, and PM per year. In the region that includes the Grand Canyon, AVERT suggests that EE could avoid almost 12,000 tons of NOx, SO2, and PM per year. In most states, achieving reductions of thousands of tons provides a good start toward the next phase of visibility improvements.
As air quality agencies work to meet their obligations for the next round of regional haze compliance plans, now is the time to explore how additional EE can help—by lowering electricity demand enough to improve visibility, decreasing the need to run high-emitting power plants, and avoiding additional emissions control costs for such units. If state environmental agencies work with their energy office and utility commission counterparts, it may be possible to align utility resource planning with the development of regional haze plans and other air quality improvement plans, as RAP envisions in E-Merge, a streamlined approach integrating energy and environmental regulation.
Please contact RAP if you're interested in how EE can benefit your regional haze compliance plan. We can help you document how EE has reduced emissions in your state using the EPA's criteria, as envisioned in its EE/RE Roadmap. We also have already outlined a variety of strategies for linking air quality and EE.
Just as you can see farther on a clear day at the Grand Canyon, taking a "longer view" of air quality management tools—and including energy efficiency—can help states clean up regional haze, meet energy goals, and save consumers money.
Is It Time to Retool Regulation for Clean Air, Clean Energy?
Retooling Regulation: Is Integrating Energy and Environmental Regulation Legal?


Thieves stole over €1 million in jewels from Berlin's KaDeWe luxury department story during a spectacular burglary over the weekend, according to the Berliner Zeitung newspaper.
Police said on Monday the burglars looted the store, which is closed Sundays, some time on Saturday night after entering the building via an awning. Once inside, they cleared out several glass showcases containing expensive jewellery on the main floor.
A security guard discovered the theft around 6 am on Sunday morning.
With the crime scene roped off to the public, the newspaper reported employees were still figuring the total extent of the losses for insurance purposes. Police said they still have no leads as to who pulled off the heist.