Do you take work with you on vacation?
Taking business on vacation is bad news all around.
Here's how to keep your phone, but leave work behind.
Vacation time leaves today's professional with a tough problem—They want to get away from work, but they typically end up bringing it with them thanks to their work-related mobile devices. In today's BYOD world, more people are taking their jobs with them on vacation, and that's not good.
Vacations are necessary for both physical and mental health, however the good they do evaporates when the job comes along for the ride. Here's how to make sure your mobile device doesn't keep you tethered to the office.
Email: Be thoughtful when setting up your email "away" message. You don't want people to leave unnecessary information, or try to contact you some other way unless it's an emergency. The typical email auto-reply will work: "I'll be out of the office from [date] to [date], and will be reading my emails when I return." Don't say anything other than this. More information will only hurt your goals. For example, if you say that you're going on vacation in your away message, many people will think their problem is more important than your rest.
Phone: When leaving away messages on your phone, style them after the email version. Speak the dates you'll be away. You may want to mention that unless it's very important, the caller shouldn't leave a voice message and should state their needs via email or on your website.
This may not stop phone calls to your mobile device if your number is listed for business communications. If you use a service that routes business calls to your phone, ask about disabling it while you're away so you don't have to get the calls at all.
When possible, don't open up your work email at all. If you may be getting important, must-answer emails, arrange to have someone else cover them for you. You should probably switch important client accounts over to someone else, and email messages should be a part of this process. Newer tools like Outlook's Group emails make this easier, since emails can be seen and managed by multiple people.
Need to Check In? Talk to Someone Directly.
If you still need to get reports about business while on vacation, don't review them yourself. Instead, give that job to someone else, and call them when you absolutely have to. Let them decide what's important to tell you so you don't have to.
Turn Off Notifications on Your Phone and Computer.
Chances are good that you have a few important apps on your phone and computer that provide alerts when something significant occurs. As part of your vacation prep, go to settings and move through your notifications to see how many you can turn off. Switch off as many as possible and you'll rest easier. This may mean disabling Microsoft Office 365 during your away time as well.
Note: Platforms like iOS make this "a breeze" with the Notifications tab. It lists all app notifications in one place so they're easy to find and change.
Do you use your phone to wake up? A lot of busy people do. However, you probably want to sleep in on vacation. So, don't forget to turn off your alarms and try waking up the natural way.
Sure, you can take your phone on vacation. But don't take it everywhere. If you're going to lay by the pool or walk on the beach you shouldn't need your phone. Leave it behind: You can always depend on someone else's phone in an emergency.
Mute and Hide Your Devices.
This is an easy and effective tactic. When you're back in your the hotel room or vacation rental you may want to turn off the sound on your phone and put it away in a drawer. A major part of stress associated with devices is due to their physical presence. Disabling the sound and hiding it away removes that stress. After the "itch" to take out your phone goes away, you can finally start enjoying your vacation.
Set Strict Goals for Time Spent on Devices.
If you're more of a technical person, then check how much time you spend on your device each day. You can easily do this with applications like Moment Screen-Time Tracker. Set a goal for lowering the time you spend on your device as each day goes by. This gives you something to work on, while spending more time enjoying your vacation—So, both parts of your brain win.
Software like Timetrade allows you to set time-based blocks on your phone to stop calls and other activity. This is a great solution when you need to take your phone somewhere, but you don't want to be disturbed.
Need more info on how to manage your business from afar, or your digital time in general? We can help. Alvarez Technology Group provides IT services for businesses in Salinas, Monterey County, Santa Cruz County & San Benito County. Give us a call (831) 753 -7677 or send us an email info@alvareztg.com.


This is an appeal from a judgment entered on 11-20-14 against the defendant. The defendant was found guilty of criminal possession of a controlled substance in the 3d degree and possession of drug paraphernalia in the 2nd degree. Pursuant to PL section 220.50 - , the defendant argues that there was no direct evidence of constructive possession and therefore he should never have been convicted. The trial court erred in failing to provide a circumstantial evidence instruction to the jury. This court agrees. The judgment against the defendant is reversed and a new trial is granted.
Police officers executed a search warrant at the residence of the defendant's girlfriend. The girlfriend leased this apartment in her name. When the police searched the premises, they found baggies of cocaine throughout the apartment, as well as paraphernalia in the form of scales, sandwich baggies and dillutant. The defendant's name was on mail left at the apartment, but otherwise, it didn't appear that he lived there.
Both the girlfriend and the defendant were indicted for possession. The girlfriend plead guilty and stated that all of the items were hers. Despite this, the trial court proceeded against the defendant under the theory of constructive possession.
Because the court refused to provide circumstantial evidence instruction, a reversal is required. The legal concept of constructive possession can be proven either directly or circumstantially (People v Santiago 22 NY3d 990). This circumstantial evidence charge is only appropriate where the evidence in question is largely circumstantial (People v Slade 133 AD3d 1203, People v Guidice 83 NY3d 245). In the present case, there was no direct evidence of the defendant's dominion and control over the drugs that were found in the girlfriend's apartment (People v Wilson 284 AD2d 958). In order to determine whether the defendant had control over the drugs and paraphernalia, an additional inference was necessary. Because of this, the circumstantial evidence charge was necessary (Spencer 1 AD3d at 710).
The appellate court contends that the error isn't harmless in this case. The girlfriend's testimony cleared the defendant. There was no clear evidence linking the defendant to the drug possession charge other than a few items in the apartment that had his name on them. This alone isn't enough to establish constructive possession. It could be argued that there is strong of evidence here of the defendant's guilt (People v Crimmins 36 NY23d, 241-242).
Whether someone is arrested for possessing a drug or a weapon, police can charge the defendant with possession even when the item is not physically on their person.
Generally, constructive possession is a legal concept to describe where someone has control over something without having physical possession of it. Under the law, a person who has constructive possession is in the same possession as a person who has actual possession. This concept is important in criminal law cases. Usually for a court to find constructive possession, the person must have knowledge of the object and the ability to control it.
A common scenario for constructive possession is where drugs are found in a house where multiple people live. Let's say someone rents a room in a home and stays there several days a month. They may keep some clothes and a few possessions there. If drugs are found in the room, they can be charged with constructive possession even if they do not occupy the room the entire time.
The defense in this scenario may be that the room is shared by multiple people and that those other people exercise dominion and control over the premises. It also must be proven that knew about the presence of drugs. This can be simple when the drugs are in plain view but can be an entirely different matter when the drugs are hidden.


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Expert Stock Picks /
Stocks to Buy / Bill Gates Stocks: 7 Top Picks From the Gates Foundation Portfolio
SPECIAL REPORT 5 Hypergrowth Stocks With 10X Potential in 2023
Bill Gates Stocks: 7 Top Picks From the Gates Foundation Portfolio
These seven Bill Gates stocks deserve your attention now
June 13, 2022 By Tezcan Gecgil, InvestorPlace Contributor Jun 13, 2022, 6:32 pm EST June 13, 2022
These Bill Gates stocks could be a strong part of long-term portfolios.
Berkshire Hathaway (BRK-A, BRK-B): Warren Buffett's conglomerate recently added Citigroup (C) stock to its portfolio.
Canadian National Railway (CNI): A proposed parallel railway line along a highly profitable corridor could increase revenue.
Deere (DE): A new partnership with an agricultural technology company could create a new revenue stream.
Ecolab (ECL): Plans for a new wind farm should lower energy costs and increase sustainability.
Microsoft (MSFT): A slew of new partnerships with large companies is likely to boost top-line growth.
Schrodinger (SDGR): New research data indicating positive results for a cancer treatment is a significant step towards stable revenues.
Waste Management (WM): Growth in revenue, profits and dividends make WM stock worthy of your attention.
Source: Paolo Bona / Shutterstock.com
During times of extreme volatility, even the most seasoned investors may struggle to pick safe stocks to buy for the long run. In such periods, it may be inspiring to review the stocks held by the Gates Foundation, which we will refer to as Bill Gates stocks.
Established in 2000, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation is among the largest private philanthropic foundations worldwide. It aims to "create a world where every person has the opportunity to live a healthy, productive life."
Meanwhile, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Trust, a separate entity, manages the foundation's assets. Understandably, it invests in businesses with the potential for long-term growth.
The Gates Foundation had a portfolio of 18 holdings in the first quarter, with roughly $19.8 billion in net assets, according to its latest 13F filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
With that information, here are seven of the best Gates Foundation stocks to buy in the second half of the year:
BRK-B Berkshire Hathaway $281.56
CNI Canadian National Railway $107.76
DE Deere $324.90
ECL Ecolab $152.79
MSFT Microsoft $242.26
SDGR Schrodinger $23.13
WM Waste Management $147.86
Berkshire Hathaway (BRK-A, BRK-B)
Source: Jonathan Weiss / Shutterstock.com
52-Week Range: $270.73 – $362.10
Warren Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway (NYSE:BRK-A, NYSE:BRK-B) is among the largest conglomerates worldwide. It has over a dozen subsidiaries across a variety of sectors and also maintains significant minority holdings in other giants.
Warren Buffet has been the CEO and largest shareholder since 1970. InvestorPlace.com readers may be interested to know that over half of the portfolio of the Gates Foundation is invested in Berkshire Hathaway stock. Also, the group has recently made an investment into Citigroup (NYSE:C) that has grabbed headlines.
In late April, Berkshire Hathaway reported first-quarter financials. Total revenue increased 9.6% year-over-year (YOY) to $70.8 billion. Net earnings per Class B share stood at $2.47, compared to $5.09 a year ago. Cash and equivalents ended the quarter at $35.5 billion.
Recently, the company announced plans to acquire Alleghany (NYSE:Y), a holding company that primarily focuses on insurance. Alleghany also holds interests in middle-market companies and real estate through Alleghany Capital and Alleghany Properties.
BRK-B stock is down 6% in 2022 and down 2% over the past year. By comparison, the S&P 500 has lost over 20% year-to-date (YTD).
Shares are trading at 22.9 times forward earnings and 1.95 times sales. The 12-month median forecast for Berkshire Hathaway stands at $373.
Canadian National Railway (CNI)
Source: Eric Buermeyer / Shutterstock.com
52-Week Range: $ 100.66 – $137.19
Quebec-headquartered transportation giant Canadian National Railway (NYSE:CNI) is a freight railway that serves Canada and parts of the U.S. Its rail lines span Canada from coast to coast and down into the American Midwest and South.
The company services some 20,000 miles of track. It also transports approximately 250 billion CAD worth of goods annually.
In late April, Canadian National released Q1 results. Revenue came in at 3.7 billion CAD, representing a 5% increase YOY. Adjusted diluted earnings per share (EPS) was 1.32 CAD, up 7% from 1.23 CAD a year ago. Free cash flow (FCF) stood at 571 million CAD.
The group recently proposed the divestiture of the "Kansas City Speedway" from a recent merger between Canada Pacific Railway (NYSE:CP) and Kansas City Southern. The proposed agreement will allow CNI to take over a parallel line created from the merger, increasing competition in the region. If accepted, the proposal is likely to generate substantial revenue.
CNI stock is down more than 12% YTD but only -2% over the past year. The current price supports a dividend yield of 2.1%.
Forward price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-sales (P/S) metrics are 21x and 7x, respectively. Lastly, the 12-month median forecast for Canadian National Railway stock is at $133.77.
Deere (DE)
Source: JCLobo / Shutterstock
Deere (NYSE:DE) is one of the most prominent manufacturers of heavy machinery, specializing in agriculture, construction and forestry. Its flagship brand is John Deere. Industrial shares, including Deere, comprise about a third of Bill Gates stocks.
On May 20, Deere put out Q2 earnings. Revenue increased 11% to $13.37 billion. As a result, fully diluted EPS increased to $6.81 per share, up from $5.68 in the prior-year quarter. Cash and equivalents ended the quarter at $3.88 billion.
Recently, the company secured a partnership with GUSS Automation. GUSS, which stands for "Global Unmanned Spray System," is a semi-autonomous spraying system used in agriculture.
This partnership will allow GUSS Automation to sell its devices through the John Deere sales channel, increasing revenue for both companies. As a result, Deere management raised its full-year earnings forecast to $7 billion to $7.4 billion, including special items.
DE stock is down 5.3% YTD and 5% over the past year. It currently generates a 1.3% dividend yield.
Shares are trading at 13.8 times forward earnings and 2.2 times trailing sales. The 12-month median forecast for Deere stands at $419.
Ecolab (ECL)
Source: Ken Wolter / Shutterstock.com
Ecolab (NYSE:ECL) develops technologies for water treatment and purification, cleaning and hygiene. It services roughly 3 million locations and holds more than 10,000 patents.
On April 26, Ecolab released Q1 financials. Revenue increased 13% YOY to $3.3 billion, fueled in part by substantial volume gains. It has also been able to raise prices to overcome soaring cost inflation.
Adjusted diluted EPS came in at 82 cents, compared to 81 cents the year before. Cash and equivalents ended the period at $99.4 million.
Management recently unveiled plans to build a wind farm on the western coast of Finland. The five-turbine farm will bring Ecolab's sustainable energy to 100% in Europe and 80% overall. In addition, the wind farm is expected to lower energy costs.
ECL stock is down 35% YTD and 29% over the past year. The dividend yield currently sits at 1.3%.
Forward P/E and P/S metrics are 30.6x and 3.5x, respectively. Meanwhile, the 12-month median forecast for Ecolab is at $193.
Microsoft (MSFT)
Source: NYCStock / Shutterstock.com
Tech giant Microsoft (NASDAQ:MSFT) is known for its portfolio that includes the Windows operating system, Office, Azure Cloud Computing and Xbox gaming. With a market capitalization (cap) of well over $1 trillion, it is the second most valuable company on the S&P 500 index. Understandably, MSFT is one of the Bill Gates stocks to review today.
In late April, Microsoft released Q3 metrics. Revenue increased 18% YOY to $49.4 billion. Wall Street was pleased to see that server products and cloud services revenue increased 29% YOY, driven in part by Azure.
Adjusted diluted EPS increased 14% YOY to $2.22, up from $2.03 in the prior-year quarter. Cash and cash equivalents totaled $12.5 billion. The board also returned $12.4 billion to shareholders via stock repurchases and dividends.
In addition, the tech giant has recently announced a slate of new partnerships. For example, a collaboration with Mastercard (NYSE:MA) is expected to enhance identity protection for its cardholders. Additionally, Kraft Heinz (NASDAQ:KHC) is taking steps to enhance its supply chain logistics with Microsoft technology.
So far in 2022, MSFT stock is down around 28%. That narrows to -5% over the past year. Forward P/E and P/S metrics stand at 23.4x and 9.9x, respectively. Finally, the 12-month median forecast for Microsoft is $350.
Schrodinger (SDGR)
Source: shutterstock.com/Peshkova
52-Week Range: $ 20.71 – $79.75
Life sciences play Schrodinger (NASDAQ:SDGR) has been making headlines with its artificial intelligence (AI)-based computational software. Pharmaceutical companies rely on its platform to evaluate chemical compounds digitally. Additionally, Schrodinger maintains a pipeline of collaborative and internal research into new drugs.
On May 4, the company released Q1 results. Revenue came in at $48.7 million, up 51% YOY. Net loss stood at $34.5 million, or 48 cents per share, compared to a net loss of $500,000 a year ago. Cash and equivalents ended the quarter at $117.3 million.
Recently, Schrodinger presented new pre-clinical data showing that its Wee1 inhibitor displayed anti-tumor properties. As it was effective both alone and in tandem with other cancer treatments, the inhibitor could be a significant step in the eventual launch of the drug to market.
For 2022, total revenue is forecast to range from $161 million to $181 million. That figure would represent a 17% to 31% YOY growth.
SDGR stock is down 33% YTD and down 70% over the past 12 months. Shares are changing hands at 11.4 times sales. The 12-month median forecast for Schrodinger is $67.50.
Waste Management (WM)
Source: rblfmr / Shutterstock.com
Waste Management (NYSE:WM) is one of the largest garbage collection providers stateside, servicing about 20 million customers. It also operates a robust landfill-gas system, turning the gas into beneficial services such as electrical power.
In late April, Waste Management issued Q1 earnings. Revenue increased from $4.11 billion to $4.66 billion. Adjusted diluted EPS soared to $1.29, up from $1.06 in the previous year. FCF stood at $845 million.
Recently, management announced an $825 million investment into renewable energy generated by landfill gas. This investment should offer enough electricity to power around 1 million homes and fuel its entire fleet by 2026. Analysts also expect it to reduce operating costs while creating revenue from electricity generation.
WM stock is down 11% YTD, but up almost 6% over the past year. It also generates a 1.7% dividend yield. Forward P/E and P/S metrics are 27.9x and 3.5x, respectively. Finally, the 12-month median forecast stands at $173.
On the date of publication, Tezcan Gecgil did not have (either directly or indirectly) any positions in the securities mentioned in this article. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the writer, subject to the InvestorPlace.com Publishing Guidelines.
Tezcan Gecgil has worked in investment management for over two decades in the U.S. and U.K. In addition to formal higher education in the field, she has also completed all 3 levels of the Chartered Market Technician (CMT) examination. Her passion is for options trading based on technical analysis of fundamentally strong companies. She especially enjoys setting up weekly covered calls for income generation.
Article printed from InvestorPlace Media, https://investorplace.com/2022/06/bill-gates-stocks-7-top-picks-from-the-gates-foundation-portfolio/.
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Home / Blog / Musician Dies in Motorcycle Crash
Musician Dies in Motorcycle Crash
A motorcycle collision claimed the life of a popular New Port Richey, Fla. musician named Robert Leroy Cartwright. He was just 33 years old. The crash occurred at U.S. Highway 19 at Beach Boulevard in Hudson, on the night of Sunday, November 27th.
Mr. Cartwright was taken to Regional Medical Center Bayonet after the crash to be treated for the injuries he suffered in the accident. The crash also involved an S.U.V., which was operated by Francine Cherry, age 56, of Port Richey.
According to the Florida Highway Patrol (FHP), Mr. Cartwright was riding in the southern direction on US-19 when Ms. Cherry made a left turn into the path of his motorcycle. The motorcycle then hit the back of the S.U.V., and Mr. Cartwright was thrown from the motorcycle.
News of his death was circulated on social media, where Mr. Cartwright was mourned on the Facebook page of The Bearded Brothers Band, the band in which he played the fiddle.
There have been a number of such tragic accidents in which motorists make left turns into the oncoming path of a motorcyclist, often resulting in the death of the motorcyclist. In many cases, they simply fail to notice the biker, or are distracted, and neglect to pay attention to approaching traffic.
If you were injured in such an accident, or know someone who was injured or killed, call the motorcycle accident attorneys at Proner and Proner.
Why Are Motorcycle Accidents So Dangerous in the Fall?
Important Insurance Information for Motorcyclists Looking to File a Claim
How Do I Report My Motorcycle Accident?
How to Recover from Common Motorcycle Accident Injuries


While shooting our "Unmasking Israeli Settlers" series in Judea and Samaria (the West Bank). One of the things that really stood out was the insane levels of wealth in the Palestinian territory. We saw palaces everywhere, not just in Ramallah, but in tiny villages scattered across the land. We tried to find the apartheid roads and instead I found Israeli roads in the West Bank that were overflowing with Palestinian cars, stupidly beautiful Palestinian cars. In this episode we share some of the wealth we witnessed driving around Palestinian areas. We are not for a second suggesting that all Palestinians live at this level of opulence, far from it, but the perception that most people have of this area is categorically wrong.


text:
Otto der Reiche, (* 1125; † 18. Februar 1190) aus dem Hause der Wettiner war von 1156 bis 1190 Markgraf von Meißen. Er war der älteste Sohn Konrads I., des Großen, von Meißen und der Ostmark/Lausitz und Luitgarts von Ravenstein.

Name
Sein Beiname der Reiche ist nicht zeitgenössisch. Zu Ottos Lebzeiten galt der Großvater seiner Frau, Herzog Otto von Ballenstedt als Otto der Reiche. Erst Jahrhunderte später erhielt er, wegen der reichen Silberfunde bei Freiberg, diesen Beinamen.

Leben
Ottos Vater, Konrad I., verzichtete im November 1156 auf Druck Kaiser Friedrich Barbarossas auf seine Herrschaftsrechte und ging ins Kloster. Die folgende Länderteilung führte zu einer Aufsplitterung der wettinischen Macht in fünf Linien.
 Otto, der das ganze Erbe seines Vaters beansprucht hatte, bekam nur die Mark Meißen, verlor das Bautzener Land an das Königreich Böhmen und einiges mehr.
 Seine Brüder Dietrich und Dedo erhielten die Ostmark/Lausitz sowie die Grafschaft Groitzsch-Rochlitz.
 Die beiden Jüngsten Heinrich und Friedrich mussten sich mit kleineren Gebieten, den Grafschaften Wettin und Brehna zufriedengeben.

Politisch hatte Otto keine besonders glückliche Hand: Das Verhältnis zum römisch-deutschen Herrscher blieb kühl. Dem Auf- und Ausbau des Pleißenlandes durch kaiserliche Lehns- und Dienstmannen um Altenburg, Chemnitz und Zwickau konnte er wenig entgegensetzen. Im Osterzgebirge und am Dresdner Elbübergang zog er gegen die königlichen Burggrafen von Dohna den Kürzeren.

Er nahm 1179–1181 an der Seite seines Verwandten, des Magdeburger Erzbischofs Wichmann und seiner Brüder an den Kämpfen gegen den Sachsenherzog Heinrich den Löwen teil, profitierte dann aber nicht von dessen Niederlage.

Erfolge verzeichnete er im inneren Ausbau seiner Besitzungen, wo er u. a. Bauern im Erzgebirgsvorland ansiedelte. Zwischen 1156 und 1170 verlieh er dem Ort Leipzig als erstem in der Mark Meißen das Stadtrecht. Im Jahr 1176 gründete er die Kirche St. Nicolai als zweite Stadtkirche Leipzigs.

Um 1168 wurde im Gebiet des von Otto gestifteten Klosters Altzella in der Nähe des jetzigen Nossen an der Freiberger Mulde Silber gefunden. Es gelang ihm, vom Herrscher mit dem Bergregal belehnt zu werden. Dies sicherte ihm das Recht auf Abbau aller Bodenschätze in seiner Markgrafschaft. An der Fundstelle entstand Freiberg, das sich bald zur bedeutendsten Bergstadt im Meißner Land entwickelte. Die reichen Freiberger Silbervorkommen zogen die Gründung der Freiberger und Leipziger Münze durch den Markgrafen nach sich, belegt durch die repräsentativen Brakteaten Ottos.

Sein Lebensende wurde von einem schweren innerfamiliären Erbstreit überschattet. Die Absicht, entgegen vorheriger Absprachen seinen jüngeren Sohn Dietrich zu bevorzugen, veranlasste den älteren Albrecht zur Gefangennahme Ottos. Albrecht wurde dabei von den seinem Onkel Dedo, Markgraf der Ostmark/Lausitz, und dessen Sohn Konrad unterstützt. Auf Befehl des Kaisers Friedrich I. Barbarossas musste Otto zwar wieder freigelassen werden, der Ansehensverlust der Familie aber war immens und führte schon 1195 zur Katastrophe.

Grablege
Die Gebeine des Markgrafen Otto der Reiche waren einst im Hohen Chor des Hausklosters der Meißner Wettiner, in der Stiftskirche Altzella, bestattet. Markgraf Friedrich II., der Ernsthafte, ließ sie im Jahr 1340 in eine eigene Begräbniskapelle verbringen, die 1599 abbrannte. 1787 veranlasste Kurfürst Friedrich August III. die Neuerrichtung der Kapelle zum Gedenken an seine Vorfahren. 1983 wurden die Grabplatten Ottos des Reichen, seiner Gemahlin Hedwig von Meißen und beider Söhne am ursprünglichen Ort im Chor der Stiftskirche wieder im Boden eingelassen.

Nachkommen
1147 heiratete Otto Hedwig († 1203), eine Tochter des Markgrafen von Brandenburg Albrecht der Bär. Aus dieser Ehe stammten:
 Albrecht der Stolze (1158–1195)
 Adelheid (1160–1211), verheiratet mit Ottokar I. Přemysl, König von Böhmen
 Dietrich der Bedrängte (1162–1221)
 Sophia, verheiratet mit Udalrich II., Herzog von Mähren

Literatur
 Stefan Pätzold: Die frühen Wettiner. Adelsfamilie und Hausüberlieferung bis 1221. Böhlau-Verlag 1997 ISBN 3-412-08697-5
 Michael Lindner: Eine Frage der Ehre. Markgraf Konrad von Wettin und Kaiser Friedrich Barbarossa. in: Im Dienste der historischen Landeskunde. Festgabe für Gerhard Billig zum 75. Geburtstag. hg. von Rainer Aurig / Reinhardt Butz / Ingolf Gräßler und André Thieme, 2002, S. 105–121
 Grabplatte Otto des Reichen und Grablege der Wettiner in Altzella. in: Helga Wäß: Form und Wahrnehmung mitteldeutscher Gedächtnisskulptur im 14. Jahrhundert. Band 1: Ein Beitrag zu mittelalterlichen Grabmonumenten, Epitaphen und Kuriosa in Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen, Nord-Hessen, Ost-Westfalen und Südniedersachsen in zwei Bänden. Band 2: Katalog ausgewählter Objekte vom hohen Mittelalter bis zum Anfang des 15. Jahrhunderts. Bristol u. a. 2006, Bd. 2, S. 27 ff. und Kat. Nr. 5–9 mit Abb. ISBN 3-86504-159-0

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Markgraf (Meißen)
Wettiner
Person (Freiberg)
Geboren 1125
Gestorben 1190
Mann

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Adele and the Sounds of Hell
Tonight someone named Adele will win a boatload of Grammy Awards. Patsy Cline, Diana Ross and Bob Marley never won one. The Beach Boys, The Doors, Led Zepplin, and The Who never won one. But tonight someone named Adele will win a whole bunch of them.
The poet Dante describes a Hell where all manner of horrific torture is heaped upon sinners. The guilty are plunged into molten lava, devoured by beasts only to be devoured again, their skin is stripped from their bodies, they are impaled, crushed and wracked in every fiendish manner imaginable. Most of Dante's tortures were borrowed from actual crimes of barbarity inflicted upon non-Christians during the Inquisition. These are things people did to other human beings. It is rumored Hell sounds a little bit like this...
...but this humble reporter respectfully disagrees. I think it sounds more like this...
Am I being a smartass? No. Let me explain. There is one difference between the sounds in the first video and the second video. And that difference is soul. Those in Hell have soul. That's why they're there. They have bad soul, but they have it. But I find very little evidence of soul around me anymore. Walking down the street I rarely see the spark of soul in anyone's eyes anymore. Dead, sunken lakes of bottomless void is what I see. And the phenomenon of popular singers who caterwaul like beasts of burden being eviscerated by rusty kitchen utensils has been substituted for human beings who make sounds from the heart and soul. These are imitators of humanity. A style foisted upon us by shows like American idol, but first perpetrated by artists like Michael Bolton who would take a sledge hammer to songs by legends of soul like Otis Redding and just howl until your ears bled. Like parasites these artists share only the blood of those they feed off, not the soul. I remember the first time I heard Mariah Carey do that blood-curdling banshee cry that was passed off by tin-eared pundits as a seven octave range. Start by hitting the first of the octave. The trend continued through the nineties until it was rare for anyone to be able to discern shit from shinola anymore.
Then American Idol happened. And culture died. It was murdered. By howling monkeys belting out fifth-rate versions of songs artists of previous generations suffered and died to make their own. But nobody seemed to notice. Eventually it didn't seem like their was anyone left capable of noticing. Or that those who could had merely given up in disgust. It was fake, forged, hollow, inane, soulless, saccharine garbage. And people ate it up. Worst of all, they insisted on labeling it exactly the opposite of what it was... soulful. To be soulful one has to have soul. It can be imitated. It can't be duplicated.
Tonight one of these new generation of huxters will go home with a sackful of Grammy Awards. And for an award that has a history of ignoring the artists in each generation that stood the test of time and became treasured assets to our culture, that seems entirely appropriate.
The sounds of Hell.
Labels: Adele, American idol, Hell, soul
Perhaps this is why people are drawn to the first few episodes of American Idol every season; when a few of the kids sing with every ounce of soul they can muster in hopes of digging out of their quagmire, only to be promptly booted off the show in exchange for "howling monkeys belting out fifth-rate versions of songs artists of previous generations suffered and died to make their own."
Also - Led Zeppelin!
Devo. Never won one. let me look that up. Nope, still never won one.
Derpster February 14, 2012 at 5:22 AM
'This music that kids are listening to today is just noise. Not like the music when I was a kid. Now that was real music.'
I regret to inform you that you are officially an old fart.
Thomas L. Vaultonburg February 14, 2012 at 7:47 AM
I'm sort of enjoying becoming an old fart. I'm even enjoying listening to Bach. Thank you for commenting.


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Cyst nematodes are a group of plant pathogens each with a defined host range that cause major losses to crops including potato, soybean and sugar beet. The infective mobile stage hatches from dormant eggs and moves a short distance through the soil to plant roots, which it then invades. A novel strategy for control has recently been proposed in which the plant is able to secrete a peptide which disorientates the infective stage and prevents invasion of the pathogen. This study provides indirect evidence to support the mechanism by which one such peptide disrupts chemosensory function in nematodes. The peptide is a disulphide-constrained 7-mer with the amino acid sequence CTTMHPRLC that binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. A fluorescently tagged version of this peptide with both epifluorescent and confocal microscopy was used to demonstrate that retrograde transport occurs from an aqueous environment along bare-ending primary cilia of chemoreceptive sensilla. The peptide is transported to the cell bodies of these neurons and on to a limited number of other neurons to which they connect. It appears to be localised in both neuronal processes and organelles adjacent to nuclei of some neurons suggesting it could be transported through the Golgi apparatus. The peptide takes 2.5 h to reach the neuronal cell bodies. Comparative studies established that similar but less abundant uptake occurs for Caenorhabditis elegans along its well studied dye-filling chemoreceptive neurons. Incubation in peptide solution or root-exudate from transgenic plants that secrete the peptide disrupted normal orientation of infective cyst nematodes to host root diffusate. The peptide probably undergoes transport along the dye-filling non-cholinergic chemoreceptive neurons to their synapses where it is taken up by the interneurons to which they connect. Coordinated responses to chemoreception are disrupted when the sub-set of cholinergic interneurons secrete the peptide at synapses that have post-synaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
Funding: The work was funded by a Dorothy Hodgkin Postgraduate Award (NERC/BP, http://www.rcuk.ac.uk/hodgkin/dorothy.asp). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Plant parasitic nematodes are major pathogens of plants that cause annual total cost of over $125 b to world crops  and are difficult to control. Strategies that focus on the prevention of nematode invasion offer high potential as they prevent the associated mechanical damage in addition to preventing the development of pathogenesis. One strategy to achieve this is to interfere with the orientation of nematodes to roots. They rely on several different gradients some of which attract nematodes to the rhizosphere before others cue orientation to the root and the particular location where invasion occurs. On agar plates the invasive second stage juveniles (J2) of Heterodera cyst nematodes aggregate in response to localised 50 mM CaCl2  and to root exudates  and also orientate to the latter . The nematicide aldicarb, a potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, eliminates this aggregation in the locality of CaCl2 at about 1 pM, some 106-fold lower than required to affect locomotion . The specific disruption of chemoreception of Heterodera and a second cyst nematode (Globodera pallida) was also achieved by a peptide mimetic of aldicarb obtained by phage display. It binds to and inhibits acetylcholinesterase, and can be displaced from the enzyme by aldicarb. Inhibition of nematode chemoreception occurred at a peptide concentration that was at least 103-fold less than required to inhibit locomotion . Furthermore a second chemoreception-disrupting peptide (nAChRbp) was obtained by biopanning against a membrane fraction of Caenorhabditis elegans that was rich in nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR). The peptide is displaced from this binding by the anthelminthic levamisole. This second peptide is a disulphide-constrained 7-mer with the amino sequence CTTMHPRLC . The ability of the two peptides to disrupt chemoreception is of interest as both aldicarb and levamisole target cholinergic synapses by interfering with, respectively, enzymatic cleavage of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Approximately 115 of 302 neurons are cholinergic in C. elegans  and the nAChRs associated with them are of particular interest. The nAChRs are ligand-gated ion channels that mediate the action of acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions and between neurons. Each comprises five subunits arranged in a transmembrane ring with the subunits being designated as either α or non-α type. Individual receptors may be either homomeric or heteromeric. Caenorhabditis elegans has the largest and most diverse nAChR gene family characterised to date with 29 subunits assigned by sequence similarity to five distinct groups, two of which are nematode-specific . The five genes unc-29, unc-38, unc-63, lev-1 and lev-8 encode nAChR subunits involved in formation of levamisole-sensitive receptors  with a further three ancillary proteins (RIC-3, UNC-50 and UNC-74) required for complete reconstruction of the receptor . The interest in nAChR target screening to develop new veterinary and pesticide products  parallels our success in reducing cyst nematode invasion of plants by expressing the levamisole mimetic peptide in their transgenic roots .
The aim of the current work is to define how low concentrations of the levamisole-mimetic peptide disrupt chemoreception of cyst nematodes. One clue is that some chemosensory neurons located in the anterior head region of the nematode i.e. the amphidial chemoreceptive neurons, dye fill in C. elegans , animal parasitic nematodes  and cyst nematodes . We now investigate if the peptide enters by this route to reach cholinergic synapses. The high level of conservation of nematode nervous systems facilitates investigation into the neurobiology of cyst nematodes, for which there is limited knowledge. For instance the amphidial neurons of C. elegans and those of a soil nematode Acrobeles complexus are broadly similar in number and arrangement of cells although these nematodes are in different clades with the latter being a relative of cyst nematodes . Further evidence of similarity comes from heterologous expression studies. C. elegans transformed with a GFP reporter construct under control of the promoter of a homologous acetylcholinesterase gene (ace-2) from G. pallida expresses GFP as expected in the inner labial papillae. The coding region of the G. pallida gene also rescues the double ace-1, ace-2 mutant of C. elegans to a normal phenotype .
We show, using a fluorescently labelled form of the peptide, that it follows the dye-filling route to neuronal cell bodies in the region of the lateral and ventral ganglia. Its ability to disrupt orientation to root exudates does not occur until it has accumulated there in a process that includes slow retrograde transport along dendrites. C. elegans also takes up this peptide along its dye-filling neurons to the region of its lateral ganglia but to a lesser extent than the cyst nematodes. We suggest the peptide is delivered by the dye-filling chemosensory neurons to one or more cholinergic interneurons to which they connect. This very specific delivery disrupts the role of the interneurons in chemoreception processes important for normal invasion of plant roots by cyst nematodes.
Exposure of J2 Heterodera schachtii to 1 mM fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) for 16 h resulted in dye-filling of certain amphidial neurons as in previous work . The fluorescence of FITC is evident from the region of the amphids along the tract of at least some amphidial neuron dendrites to their cell bodies and then forward along their short axons to the nerve ring (Fig. 1a). A similar exposure of the nematode to 1 mM Alexa Fluor 488 resulted in dye uptake but with a somewhat different pattern. The region of the amphidial pouch (shown in the schematic diagram Fig. 2) emitted considerable fluorescence but this was much less evident in the region where the cell bodies of the amphidial neurons occur (Fig. 1b). The nuclear staining achieved by 1 mM bisbenzimide was not evident at the amphidial pouches but dye-filling resulted in several nuclei in the region of the amphidial cell neurons being visualised (Fig. 1c) as before .
Figure 1. Uptake of fluorescent dyes by neurons of Heterodera schachtii.
After 16 h exposure to 1 mM of A) FITC B) Alexa Fluor 488 and C) bisbenzimide fluorescence was observed in J2 of H. schachtii using epillumination excitation under standard conditions. Images A) and B) are lateral views and C) a dorsal view. Key: c, cephalic framework; (showing autofluoresence); a, amphidial pouch; d, tract of amphidial dendrites; n, nerve ring; g, region of the lateral and ventral ganglia. Scale bars are 10 µm.
Figure 2. Schematic representation of the anterior region of a cyst nematode.
The representation highlights the amphidial structures and neurons and omits oesophageal glands for clarity.
Uptake of nAChRbp was visualized after conjugating it to Alexa Fluor 488. J2 of H. schachtii were placed in 183 µM of this fluorescent version of the peptide. The fluorescence detected was more extensive than for the fluorophore alone and at least as extensive as that for FITC. All nematodes examined revealed similar patterns of fluorescence. The region of the amphidial pouch was highly fluorescent for the nAChRbp/Alex Fluor 488 conjugate and it was present locally along the route of the dendrites of the amphidial neurons and also in the region just behind the weakly positive nerve ring to about 40 µm posterior to it (Fig. 3a). A key difference between uptake of labelled peptide and FITC dye staining was the aggregation of the peptide behind the nerve ring. Confocal microscopy confirmed the discrete nature of the fluorescence emissions (Fig. 3b). Fluorescence was lost from the amphidial pouches 48 h after removal of nematodes from the peptide solution but it remained extensive in the region of the amphidial cell bodies (Fig. 3c). The hermaphrodite of C. elegans also took up the peptide to the region of its lateral ganglia (Fig. 4) but to a lesser extent than occurred for H. schachtii. Uptake in the region of the neuronal cell bodies was studied further by placing J2 H. schachtii in a solution containing both 183 µM labelled peptide and 1 mM bisbenzimide. The region 5–30 µm posterior to the nerve ring showed two green fluorescent features. There was a reticulate pattern that is probably formed by neuronal processes passing among cells and intensively stained spheroids of 1.0–1.5 µm in diameter (Fig. 5a). Merging of this image with that for emission from bisbenzimide (Fig. 5c) established that the spheroids are closely associated with, but not integral to the nuclei (Fig. 5b).
Figure 3. Neuronal uptake of Alexa Fluor 488-labelled nAChRbp by Heterodera schachtii.
A) After 16 hours incubation in 183 µM peptide-dye conjugate the peptide was detected in J2 of H. schachtii by epifluorescence as in Figure 1. B) After a similar incubation in labelled peptide the region of neuronal cell bodies posterior to the nerve ring was observed using confocal microscopy. C) Epifluorescent detection of the labelled peptide 48 h after removal of the H. schachtii from the peptide solution. All images are lateral views of the nematodes. Key: c, cephalic framework; s, stomatostylet (both showing autofluorescence); a, amphidial pouch; d, tract of amphidial dendrites; n, nerve ring; g, region of the lateral and ventral ganglia. The scale bar is 10 µm and the dorsal side is that nearer to the scale bar.
Figure 4. Neuronal uptake of Alexa Fluor 488-labelled nAChRbp by a hermaphrodite of Caenorhabditis elegans.
After 18 h incubation in 300 µM peptide-dye conjugate the peptide was detected by epifluoresence as in Figure 1. A) posterior region of the pharynx and B) detail of boxed area showing fluorescence in the region of the lateral ganglia where the dye-filling neuronal cell bodies of this nematode occur. In contrast to the tylenchids this nematode ingests the fluorescent peptide causing intense fluorescence in the lumen of the pharynx. The scale bar is 15 µm; nematode anterior uppermost.
Figure 5. Simultaneous uptake of Alexa Fluor 488-labelled nAChRbp and bisbenzimide by a J2 of Heterodera schachtii.
J2 of H. schachtii were incubated for 16 h in 183 µM nAChRbp labelled with Alexa Fluor 488 together with 1 mM bisbenzimide. The fluorophores were visualised by different excitation and emission wavelengths. Images correspond to a region 5–30 µm posterior to the nerve ring. A) Green fluorescence of the labelled peptide. C) Blue fluorescence of bisbenzimide. B) Combined image of A) and C). Key: p, process of a neuron; nu, nucleus. The scale bar is 5 µm and the images are left lateral views with the anterior uppermost.
The J2 of the potato cyst nematode, G. pallida, also demonstrated uptake of the labelled peptide along their amphidial neurons and showed a very similar pattern of fluorescence to that of J2 H. schachtii after 16 h incubation in 281 µM labelled nAChRbp (Fig. 6). For this nematode a time course of incubation in 281 µM labelled peptide was carried out to explore the rate of peptide transport. The labelled peptide provided a high level of fluorescence in the region of the amphidial pouches by 2 h with some fluorescence apparent in the region of the cell bodies of the amphidial neurons by 4.5 h. Emissions along the dendrite were very evident at 12 h and 16 h with some fluorescence detectable from the nerve ring at 9 h and certainly by 16 h. Two main points are apparent. After 2 h the region of the amphidial pouches had become fluorescent but the labelled peptide took about another 2 h to travel the 55–70 µm along dendrites to the region of the amphidial cell bodies. Additionally, the labelled peptide accumulated in this region with more than 4.5 h exposure to 281 µM peptide. When only 4 µM labelled peptide was used, fluorescence was not evident in the amphidial pouches, their dendrites or cell bodies at but it was visualised at both 10 µM and 40 µM with considerable uptake evident for nematodes soaked in 281 µM peptide (Fig. 7).
Figure 6. Neuronal uptake of Alexa Fluor 488-labelled nAChRbp by J2s of Globodera pallida.
J2 of G. pallida were incubated in 281 µM nAChRbp labelled with Alexa Fluor 488 for varying periods of 1–16 h and the labelled peptide was then visualised by epifluorescence. Images with one amphidial pouch visualised are lateral views and those with two amphidial pouches visualised are dorsal or ventral views. The scale bar of 10 µm applies to all images.
Figure 7. Neuronal uptake of four different concentrations of labelled nAChRbp by J2s of Globodera pallida.
J2 of G. pallida were incubated for 16 h in 4 µM, 10 µM, 40 µM or 281 µM nAChRbp labelled with Alexa Fluor 488. The peptide was visualised by epifluorescence. The scale bar of 10 µm applies to all images.
The work progressed to behavioural assays. J2s of G. pallida were soaked in unlabelled nAChRbp concentrations of 0, 10, 40 or 281 µM for 16 h. Individuals were then placed on agar plates at 3.5 cm from a 2 µl dried droplet of potato root diffusate and their movement detected from the tracks they left in the agar over the following 3 h. The directions of tracks were summarised in three categories. Nematodes that repeatedly moved to within 0.5 cm of the attractant were scored separately from those that did this once with the third category being those that did not approach the root diffusate that closely. Only 10 of 56 control nematodes moved repeatedly to within 0.5 cm of the root exudates. This low rate of attraction is consistent with the need to stimulate J2 of a cyst nematode with root exudates and pre-select those responding individuals before a much higher success rate is achieved . This was not attempted as any pre-selection may have biased the results. Movement into the central zone of the agar plate was not significantly affected by exposure for 16 h to 10 µM peptide (Table 1). Exposure to 40 µM resulted in no nematodes entering the central zone repeatedly but a few did so once and the combined value for both these responses was not significantly less than that for the control. A concentration of 281 µM suppressed movement into the attraction zone both repeatedly and on single occasions. That effect was lost when nematodes were placed in this high concentration of peptide for the shorter period of 4.5 h. These results are consistent with more than 4.5 h being required for the peptide to accumulate to behaviour-disrupting levels in the region of the amphidial cell bodies. The concentration dependence is also evident in both the behavioural response and peptide accumulation at 16 h exposure to 281 µM rather than 40 µM peptide (Fig. 7). Furthermore, nAChRbp secreted in root exudates by transgenic potato plants also reduced attraction of J2 G. pallida in the assay.
Table 1. Effect of nAChRbp on the ability J2 Globodera pallida to respond chemotactically to root exudate.
The amphidial neurons in C. elegans include some that have a pair of primary cilia forming two sensilla (ADF and ADL) or one sensillum each (ASH, ASI, ASJ, ASK). Of these ASE, ASI and ASK are involved in chemoattraction and ADL in chemorepulsion . The sensilla of six amphidial neurons, ADF, ADL, ASH, ASJ, ASI and ASK dye fill . The latter two are involved in chemoattraction but ASE is primarily involved in detection of water soluble molecules and it does not dye-fill . The cell bodies of the dye filling amphidial neurons of cyst nematodes are grouped in a similar position to those of C. elegans  (Fig 1c) which is consistent with the evidence of some homology of these neurons in distinct nematodes . The dye-filling amphidial neurons of C. elegans are not cholinergic. If the dye-filling neurons of cyst nematodes are also not cholinergic it is not immediately apparent how a peptide that binds to nAChRs is able to disrupt orientation to a chemical attractant. The evidence provided here provides insight into a likely mechanism.
Disruption of chemoreception probably does not occur at the sensillum because the peptide is abundantly present in the amphidial pouches within 2 h of exposure to the nematode (Fig 6) but it takes >4.5 h before orientation is prevented (Table 1). In addition nAChR receptors seem to be absent at these sensilla, although a cholinesterase is expressed in the inner labial papillae  and the DEG-3/DES-2 nAChR of C. elegans is localized to non-synaptic regions, including the sensory endings of IL2 and FLP sensory neurons . Once the peptide has entered the sensilla of dye-filling neurons it probably undergoes retrograde transport from the tips of the cilia back to the transition zone at their base . The dynein responsible for this (CHE-3) unloads cargo at the base of the cilium where it joins the dendrite  but does not participate in dendritic retrograde transport  and so the peptide must be re-loaded onto the retrograde transport system along the dendrite. This movement is probably similar to that in axonal transport systems of which at least three mechanisms occur. One is a fast component delivering mainly membrane-bound organelles at a rate of 0.58–4.63 µm sec−1 and is very much faster than occurred for the peptide in the current work. Two slow axon transport systems have been characterised, involving distinct subcomponents (SCa and SCb). SCa transports microtubules and neurofilaments at mean rates of 0.01 µm sec−1 in an anteriograde direction. SCb moves cargoes at somewhat quicker mean rates of 0.02–0.09 µm sec−1 and transports as many as 200 different proteins . The approximate rates of transport in the current work can be inferred. There was no fluorescence evident in the neurons at 2 h but by 4.5 h the most advanced fluorescence in the dendrite in Fig 6 was 58 µm behind the amphidial pouch suggesting a minimum rate of transport of 0.0064 µm sec−1. This rate is somewhat slower than those in a retrograde direction of about 1 µm sec−1 in cultured hippocampal neurons of the mouse  and dendrites of C. elegans . Other slow transport systems occur and their rate of movement depends on the neuron, the cargo and other factors . SCa based transport is slow partly because movement is not continuous. A short mobile phase and a long, intermittent stationary phase that may represent 97% of the total journey time are iterated as the neurofilament is transported .
Once the peptide reaches the proximal end of the dendrite it must be transported to a cholinergic synapse with nAChR receptors for an effect to occur. Its apparent localisation in the perinuclear region of neuronal cell bodies suggests it may become associated with the trans-Golgi network (Fig 5). It is here that neuropeptide precursors and accessory enzymes required for their processing are organised into dense vesicles for fast transport along the axon  and exocytosis at the pre-synaptic membrane. It is therefore possible that the peptide could be transmitted by this mechanism. Once released into the synaptic cleft, the peptide would be able to bind to any nAChR receptors on the post-synaptic membrane of a neuron. Fluorescence in the nerve ring shows the peptide is present where interneurons and amphidial neurons connect (Fig. 3a,b). This is of interest because the neurotransmitter acetylcholine occurs in the nerve ring of C. elegans. It is synthesized by choline acetyltransferase and loaded into synaptic vesicles by a specific vesicular acetylcholine transporter. Both proteins are abundantly expressed in the nerve ring . Therefore the nerve ring is a site of nAChRs that the peptide does access after uptake by the dye-filling neurons. The peptide is also present immediately posterior to the nerve ring and in the region of the lateral ganglia of C. elegans (Figure 4) where the cell bodies of both the dye-filling neurons and the interneurons to which they connect occur.
The interneuron AIA is of particular interest assuming functional homology of the chemoreception pathway of cyst nematodes and C. elegans. It is a primary interneuron that is cholinergic and receives input from sensory neurons including ASI which dye-fills. Interestingly, the axon of AIA connects to AIB and these two interneurons play a central integrative role in chemotactic behaviour. They both may regulate turning  with AIA showing time-varying acute responses and AIB sustained responses . Ablation of AIA does not prevent chemotaxis but it may influence pirouette frequencies . The inability of G. pallida to orientate towards root diffusates is consistent with a role for the peptide in disrupting the orthologues of AIA and hence AIB function in the cyst nematode. Unfortunately the peptide was taken up to a much lesser extent by C. elegans than by the tylenchid nematodes (cf. Figures 3 and 4) and effects on its pirouetting behaviour were not detected (data not presented). The lack of any reduction in speed of locomotion of cyst nematodes suggests that the command neurons are unaffected by the peptide uptake. We conclude that orientation of G. pallida to host roots is likely to be lost when the peptide is taken up by a limited number of chemoreceptive neurons and delivered by them to post-synaptic junctions of cholinergic neurons possibly including the homologue of the AIA interneuron of C. elegans. The combination of a non-lethal mode of action, distinctive uptake pathway and inferred targeting to cholinergic neurons in the chemoreceptive pathway suggest non-target effects should be limited. Even non-target nematodes that take up the peptide as efficiently as cyst nematodes will experience a transitory effect if they move from close proximity to the root.
Second stage juveniles (J2s) of H. schachtii and G. pallida were hatched from cysts soaked, respectively, in 3 mM ZnCl2 or potato root diffusate as previously described .
The FITC staining protocol was modified from a standard method . A 50 mM stock solution of FITC in dimethyl formamide was diluted to 1 mM in distilled water immediately prior to use. Second stage juveniles (J2s) of H. schachtii were soaked in the FITC solution at room temperature in the dark for 16–24 h with approximately 100 nematodes in each 0.5 ml tube. Alexa Fluor 488 dye (Invitrogen, Paisley UK) was dissolved directly in distilled water at a concentration of 1 mM. J2s of H. schachtii and G. pallida were soaked separately in 20 µl of the dye solution in the dark at room temperature for 16–24 h.
The nAChRbp was synthesized and then labelled by the fluorescent dye Alexa Fluor 488 at its carboxyl end. The labelled peptide was cyclized and purified to >95% by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis and free dye eliminated. The above procedures were carried out by a specialist commercial company (Cambridge Research Biochemicals, Cambridge, UK). J2s of H. schachtii were soaked in a 183 µM aqueous solution of the Alexa Fluor 488-labelled peptide at room temperature in the dark for 16 h. The stability of the tagged peptide within nematodes was studied by incubating J2s of H. schachtii for 16 h before washing them with several changes of water over 48 hours. Experiments with G. pallida J2 were conducted in a similar manner. In this case incubations were carried out either in a range of peptide concentrations (281 µM, 40 µM, 10 µM and 4 µM) for 16 h or at a concentration of 281 µM for varying time periods of 1, 2, 4.5, 6, 9, 12 and 16 h. Hermaphrodites of C. elegans were incubated for 18 h in 300 µM labelled peptide in M9 buffer.
For simultaneous neuronal uptake of fluorescent peptide and bisbenzimide, J2s of H. schachtii were soaked in a distilled water solution with 183 µM Alexa Fluor 488 labelled nAChRbp plus 1 mM bisbenzimide at room temperature in the dark for 16 h.
Potato root exudate for use as an attractant in chemotaxis assays was obtained from tissue culture plantlets of potato cv. Désirée. Shoots cultured on solid medium were rooted in liquid MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg l−1 NAA. After 25 days growth, when strong root systems had developed, plantlets were transferred individually to 50 ml tubes containing 7 ml sterile tap water. They were kept in a growth chamber for 20 days during which time the volume of water in each tube was maintained at 7 ml. The water was then collected and used as potato root exudate. Root exudate was collected from potato cv. Désirée transformed with a construct to allow secretion of the nAChRbp  in a similar manner. A radial concentration gradient was established by applying 2 µl of the root exudates from untransformed potato plants to the centre of a 9 cm Petri dish containing 8 ml of agar medium (2% Micro Agar (Duchefa Biochemie), 0.25% Tween 20, 10 mM Hepes at pH 7.2) . The plates were left at room temperature for 12–16 h before use as described . Newly hatched J2s of G. pallida were divided into six groups of about sixty nematodes each. Five groups were soaked in either a) 20 µl tap water, b) potato exudates containing secreted peptide, c) 10 µM d) 40 µM or e) 281 µM Alexa Fluor 488 tagged nAChRbp in distilled water at room temperature for 16 h (Table 1). The sixth group was soaked in 20 µl of the high concentration of 281 µM tagged peptide but for 4.5 h only. Each group was rinsed once in 200 µl tap water for 5 min before being put onto plates. Two J2s of G. pallida were placed on opposite sides of the agar plate at 1 cm from the periphery. They were allowed to orientate at room temperature in the dark for 3 h before those individuals that had migrated into a 0.5 cm radius circle at the centre of each plate were determined from tracks left in the agar.
At the first day of adulthood C. elegans were incubated for 18 h in M9 buffer or M9 buffer containing 300 µM unlabelled form of the peptide in M9 buffer. Individuals were transferred to 6 cm agar plates containing E. Coli OP50 for 24 h prior to transferral to separate agar plates without food for monitoring of pirouetting behaviour .
After the required incubation period, dye or tagged peptide solution was removed and nematodes were washed 3–5 times with distilled water. For observation, batches of 5–10 animals were picked out with a fine needle and mounted on a 2% agarose slide containing 2–10 µl 0.01 M sodium azide to immobilize them.
Bright-field images were observed using a compound microscope (Leitz DMRB) at 400x magnification. Green fluorescence filter sets (Leitz) with excitation wavelength of 480±20 nm and emission wavelength of 510 nm were used with the same microscope for visualisation of FITC and Alexa Fluor 488. Violet fluorescence filter sets (Leitz) with excitation wavelength of 425±20 nm and emission wavelength of greater than 475 nm were used for visualisation of bisbenzimide. Images were captured with an Olympus C-5050, except those of C. elegans for which a QImaging QICAM Monochrome Camera was used and Media Cybernetics Image-Pro analyser 7.0. Confocal images were obtained with a Zeiss LSM 510 META Axioplan laser scanning microscope using an Argon 488 laser line.
We thank Jennifer Hibbard for technical assistance.
Conceived and designed the experiments: DW PEU HJA. Performed the experiments: DW LMJ. Analyzed the data: DW HJA.
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14. Costa JC, Lilley CJ, Atkinson HJ, Urwin PE (2009) Functional characterisation of a cyst nematode acetylcholinesterase gene using Caenorhabditis elegans as a heterologous system. Int J Parasitol 39: 849–858.
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July 17, 2019, noon 12.0 ppb (11) 3.0 ppb (3) N/A 9.0 ppb (8) N/A N/A N/A 0.4 ppb (4) N/A N/A 11.0
July 17, 2019, 11 a.m. 12.0 ppb (11) 4.0 ppb (4) N/A 8.0 ppb (7) N/A N/A N/A 0.3 ppb (3) N/A N/A 11.0
July 17, 2019, 10 a.m. 25.0 ppb (23) 11.0 ppb (10) N/A 14.0 ppb (13) N/A N/A N/A 0.3 ppb (3) N/A N/A 23.0
July 17, 2019, 9 a.m. 19.0 ppb (18) 8.0 ppb (7) N/A 11.0 ppb (10) N/A N/A N/A 0.3 ppb (3) N/A N/A 18.0
July 17, 2019, 8 a.m. 35.0 ppb (32) 19.0 ppb (18) N/A 16.0 ppb (15) N/A N/A N/A 0.3 ppb (3) N/A N/A 32.0
July 17, 2019, 7 a.m. 21.0 ppb (19) 10.0 ppb (9) N/A 11.0 ppb (10) N/A N/A N/A 0.3 ppb (3) N/A N/A 19.0
July 17, 2019, 6 a.m. 15.0 ppb (14) 7.0 ppb (6) N/A 8.0 ppb (7) N/A N/A N/A 0.3 ppb (3) N/A N/A 14.0
July 17, 2019, 4 a.m. 10.0 ppb (9) 4.0 ppb (4) N/A 6.0 ppb (6) N/A N/A N/A 0.2 ppb (2) N/A N/A 9.0
July 17, 2019, 3 a.m. 9.0 ppb (8) 4.0 ppb (4) N/A 5.0 ppb (5) N/A N/A N/A 0.2 ppb (2) N/A N/A 8.0
July 17, 2019, 2 a.m. 20.0 ppb (19) 12.0 ppb (11) N/A 8.0 ppb (7) N/A N/A N/A 0.2 ppb (2) N/A N/A 19.0
July 17, 2019, 1 a.m. 19.0 ppb (18) 10.0 ppb (9) N/A 9.0 ppb (8) N/A N/A N/A 0.3 ppb (3) N/A N/A 18.0
July 17, 2019, midnight 31.0 ppb (29) 17.0 ppb (16) N/A 14.0 ppb (13) N/A N/A N/A 0.4 ppb (4) N/A N/A 29.0
July 16, 2019, 11 p.m. 41.0 ppb (38) 25.0 ppb (23) N/A 16.0 ppb (15) N/A N/A N/A 0.4 ppb (4) N/A N/A 38.0
July 16, 2019, 10 p.m. 18.0 ppb (17) 10.0 ppb (9) N/A 8.0 ppb (7) N/A N/A N/A 0.3 ppb (3) N/A N/A 17.0
July 16, 2019, 9 p.m. 10.0 ppb (9) 5.0 ppb (5) N/A 5.0 ppb (5) N/A N/A N/A 0.2 ppb (2) N/A N/A 9.0
July 16, 2019, 8 p.m. 7.0 ppb (6) 3.0 ppb (3) N/A 4.0 ppb (4) N/A N/A N/A 0.2 ppb (2) N/A N/A 6.0
July 16, 2019, noon 10.0 ppb (9) 4.0 ppb (4) N/A 6.0 ppb (6) N/A N/A N/A 0.2 ppb (2) N/A N/A 9.0
July 16, 2019, midnight 21.0 ppb (19) 13.0 ppb (12) N/A 8.0 ppb (7) N/A N/A N/A 0.3 ppb (3) N/A N/A 19.0
July 15, 2019, 11 p.m. 32.0 ppb (30) 22.0 ppb (20) N/A 10.0 ppb (9) N/A N/A N/A 0.2 ppb (2) N/A N/A 30.0
July 15, 2019, 10 p.m. 12.0 ppb (11) 7.0 ppb (6) N/A 5.0 ppb (5) N/A N/A N/A 0.2 ppb (2) N/A N/A 11.0
July 15, 2019, 9 p.m. 11.0 ppb (10) 7.0 ppb (6) N/A 4.0 ppb (4) N/A N/A N/A 0.2 ppb (2) N/A N/A 10.0
July 15, 2019, 3 p.m. N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.1 ppb (1) N/A N/A 1.0
July 15, 2019, noon 5.0 ppb (5) 2.0 ppb (2) N/A 3.0 ppb (3) N/A N/A N/A 0.2 ppb (2) N/A N/A 5.0
July 15, 2019, 11 a.m. 6.0 ppb (6) 4.0 ppb (4) N/A 2.0 ppb (2) N/A N/A N/A 0.2 ppb (2) N/A N/A 6.0
July 15, 2019, midnight 7.0 ppb (6) 4.0 ppb (4) N/A 3.0 ppb (3) N/A N/A N/A 0.2 ppb (2) N/A N/A 6.0
July 14, 2019, 11 p.m. 8.0 ppb (7) 5.0 ppb (5) N/A 3.0 ppb (3) N/A N/A N/A 0.2 ppb (2) N/A N/A 7.0
July 14, 2019, 8 a.m. 20.0 ppb (19) 10.0 ppb (9) N/A 10.0 ppb (9) N/A N/A N/A 0.2 ppb (2) N/A N/A 19.0
July 14, 2019, midnight 17.0 ppb (16) 6.0 ppb (6) N/A 11.0 ppb (10) N/A N/A N/A 0.3 ppb (3) N/A N/A 16.0
July 13, 2019, 10 a.m. 16.0 ppb (15) 3.0 ppb (3) N/A 13.0 ppb (12) N/A N/A N/A 0.3 ppb (3) N/A N/A 15.0
July 13, 2019, midnight 17.0 ppb (16) 10.0 ppb (9) N/A 7.0 ppb (6) N/A N/A N/A 0.3 ppb (3) N/A N/A 16.0
July 11, 2019, 7 a.m. 23.0 ppb (21) 13.0 ppb (12) N/A 10.0 ppb (9) N/A N/A N/A 0.3 ppb (3) N/A N/A 21.0


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Нау́м Арка́дійович (Нухим Аронович) Кагано́вич (, місто Бердичів, тепер Житомирська область — ) — радянський діяч, мовознавець. Директор Інституту мовознавства ВУАН (1934—1937). Член-кореспондент АН УРСР (1934).

Біографія
Народився в єврейській родині службовців. Член РКП(б) з 1920 по 1921 рік, звідки був виключений «як інтелігент, не пов'язаний з пролетаріатом».

У 1925 році закінчив Харківський інститут народної освіти, де працював до 1927 року. Одночасно в 1926—1927 роках — співробітник редакції газети «Красная армия». Працював також в Інституті єврейської пролетарської культури ВУАН (Харків).

У 1933—1934 роках — директор харківської філії Інституту мовознавства ВУАН.

З вересня 1934 по березень 1937 року — директор Інституту мовознавства ВУАН. Одночасно у 1935—1937 роках — відповідальний редактор журналу «Мовознавство». Також у 1936—1937 роках завідував кафедрою мовознавства Київського державного університету імені Тараса Шевченка.

На початку 1930-х років розгорнув кампанію проти українських мовознавців, звинувачуючи їх в «буржуазному націоналізмі». Керував комісією, створеною при Народному комісаріаті освіти УСРР. Брав активну участь в русифікації української літературної мови та дискредитації українських лінгвістів.

Репресований. 27 листопада 1937 був заарештований органами НКВС за звинуваченням в участі в «українській контрреволюційній націоналістичної організації» і засуджений до розстрілу. Реабілітований посмертно в 1957 році.

Досліджував мову творів письменників, граматики української літературної мови. Один з керівників підготовки «Українського правопису» (Харків, 1933). Співавтор підручників «Граматика української мови. Морфологія», «Граматика української мови. Синтаксис» (обидва — Харків, 1935), брав участь у створенні і редагуванні «Російсько-українського словника» (Київ, 1937).

Праці
 «Язык газеты». — M., 1926. — 247 с. (соавторы: M. Гус, Ю. Загорянский)
 «О временных функциях причастий в русском литературном языке» // Наукові записки Харківської науково-дослідної кафедри мовознавства. — T. 2. — 1929. — С. 151—171.
 «Кілька слів про словники» // Прапор марксизму. — 1930. — № 3. — С. 123—126.
 «Соціальне забарвлення слів» // Критика. — 1930. — № 7—8. — С. 47—63.
 «Основи» буржуазного мовознавства (Про методологію проф. Л. А. Булаховського) // Там же. — 1931. — № 10. — С. 49—64.
 «Мова персонажів "Загибелі ескадри" О. Корнійчука» // За якість художньої мови: 36. статей. X., 1934. — С. 46—58.
 «Знищити коріння націоналізму в мовознавстві» / Харк. філія НДІ мовознавства ВУАН. — Вип. 4. — X.—К., 1934. — 32 с.
 «На мовно-стилістичні теми». — X., 1934. — 92 с.
 «Націоналістичні перекручення в українських перекладах творів Леніна» // Мовознавство. — № 2. — 1934. — С. 9—24.
 «Піднести якість художньої мови» // За марксо-ленінську критику. — 1934. — № 5. — С. 95—105.
 «Стилістичні особливості пролетарської публіцистики: 36. статей». — К.—X., 1935. — 71 с
 «Граматика української мови. Морфологія»: Підручник для 5 і 6 кл. серед, пік. — X., 1935. — 112 с. (соавтор Г. В. Шевелёв; 3-є вид. 1937).
 «Граматика української мови. Синтаксис»: Підручник для 6 і 7 кл. серед, шк. — X., 1935. — 112 с. (соавтор Г. В. Шевелёв; 3-є вид. 1937)
 «Рідна мова» пана Огієнка // Мовознавство. — № 5. — 1935. — С. 151—158.
 «Про дослідження мови драми і про мову "Платона Кречета" О. Корнійчука» // Там само. — № 6. — 1935. — С. 3—47.
 «Радянська поезія і фольклор» // Молодняк. — 1936. — № 5. — С. 113—127.
 «Творчий метод Лесі Українки» // Літературна критика. — 1936. — № 7. — С. 46—65.
 «Російсько-український словник». — К., 1937. — 890 с (редактор).

Джерела
 В. М. Зубченко, А. С. Свентух Каганович Наум Аркадійович  //

Мовознавці
Репресовані в СРСР
Розстріляні в СРСР
Посмертно реабілітовані


Café Tacvba (often spelled Café Tacuba*) is a band from the Lomas de Sotelo neighborhood in Mexico City, Mexico. Their musical style covers a wide variety of genres, though it is most commonly labeled as Rock en Español. Their music has been heavily influenced by Mexico's indigenous population and folk music traditions, most notable the Jarocho style of the state of Veracruz, but also by punk and electronic music and other bands in the Mexico City scene.


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Goodman air filter location goodman filter rack ~ elsavadorla. Furnace filter location furnace air filters ~ elsavadorla. Goodman furnace pressure switch stuck open hvac page 3. Goodman furnace air filter location, goodman, get free.


RTP's first and original logo used from March 7, 1957 to 1959.
RTP's second and former logo used from 1959 to April 29, 1996.
RTP's fourth and current logo since March 31, 2004.
The Estado Novo, or the Second Republic, was the corporatist authoritarian regime installed in Portugal in 1933. It evolved from the Ditadura Nacional formed after the coup détat of 28 May 1926 against the democratic, the Ditadura Nacional and Estado Novo are recognised as the Second Portuguese Republic. Opposed to communism, anarchism and anti-colonialism, the regime was corporatist, Portugal joined the United Nations in 1955, and was a founding member of NATO, OECD, and EFTA. In 1968 Marcelo Caetano was appointed the new head of government, on 25 April 1974, the Carnation Revolution in Lisbon, a military coup organized by left-wing Portuguese military officers – the Armed Forces Movement – overthrew the Estado Novo regime. Fiercely criticized by most of the community after World War II and decolonization. King Carlos I of Portugal confirmed colonial treaties of the 19th century that stabilized the situation in Portuguese Africa and these agreements were, unpopular in Portugal, where they were seen as being to the disadvantage of the country.
Carlos responded by appointing João Franco as Prime Minister and subsequently accepting Parliaments dissolution, in 1908, Carlos I was killed in a regicide at Lisbon. The Portuguese monarchy lasted until 1910 when, through the 5 October revolution, it was overthrown, the overthrow of the Portuguese monarchy in 1910 led to a 16-year struggle to sustain parliamentary democracy under republicanism – the Portuguese First Republic. The basis of his regime was a platform of stability, in direct contrast to the environment of the First Republic. After the First Republic, when not even public order was achieved and this transfiguration of Portugal was known as A Lição de Salazar – Salazars Lesson. Salazars program was opposed to communism and liberalism and it was pro-Catholic and nationalistic. It incorporated, the principles for its military from Benito Mussolinis system in Italy, one of the pillars of the regime was the PIDE, the secret police. Many political dissidents were imprisoned at the Tarrafal prison in the African archipelago of Cape Verde, on the island of Santiago.
Américo Tomás in Vale do Rio, Portugal, October, 1968.
The first version of SIC's logo, used until 6 October 1997.


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Nicholas L. Tilney Francis D. Moore Distinguished Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School
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Chris Stapleton, Babyface to Sing at Super Bowl Pregame
Chris Stapleton, left, and Babyface (Getty Images)
Tuesday, 24 January 2023 09:21 AM EST
Country music star Chris Stapleton will sing the national anthem at next month's Super Bowl, while R&B legend Babyface will perform "America the Beautiful."
The performances will take place Feb. 12 at State Farm Stadium in Glendale, Arizona, before the championship matchup and halftime show featuring Rihanna. The performances will air on Fox.
Actor-singer Sheryl Lee Ralph, who won an Emmy last year, will also perform "Lift Every Voice and Sing." She stars in the hit comedy series "Abbott Elementary," which stars Quinta Bronson.
Oscar winner Troy Kotsur will perform the national anthem in American sign language. He became the second deaf actor to win an Academy Award for his role in the film "CODA." Colin Denny will sign "America the Beautiful" and "Lift Every Voice and Sing" will be signed by Justina Miles.
The U.S. Navy will conduct a flyover the State Farm Stadium to commemorate 50 years of women flying in the service.
Jay-Z's Roc Nation company is executive producing the halftime show for a fourth year. Jesse Collins returns as an executive producer.
Stapleton, an eight-time Grammy winner, is considered one of the country's most respected and beloved musicians. He took home three Grammys last year and was honored with a Country Music Association Awards for male vocalist of the year in 2021.
Babyface, who won 12 Grammys, has garnered multiple hits throughout his lauded career including "Whip Appeal," "When Can I See You" and "Give U My Heart" with Toni Braxton. He's the co-founder of LaFace Records and collaborated with a number of big names including Whitney Houston, Aretha Franklin, Madonna, Mariah Carey, Mary J. Blige, Ella Mai and Patti LaBelle.
Ralph won an Emmy as a first-time nominee at the age of 66 last year. She has spent decades in the business with multiple iconic roles from "Dreamgirls" on Broadway in the 1980s to the stepmother to the title character on the 1990s sitcom "Moesha."
TheWire
Country music star Chris Stapleton will hit next month's Super Bowl stage to sing the national anthem, while R&B legend Babyface will perform "America the Beautiful."
super bowl, performers, stapleton, babyface
Tuesday, 24 January 2023 09:21 AM
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*sponsored* The Geosafari Jr. Animal Eye Viewers are another awesome toy from Educational Insights. The animal eye viewers allows children to get a pixelated bugs eye view.
Located in Southern California, Educational Insights is the manufacture of toys and games that are playful products with a serious educational side. Seasoned educators, and parents design subject specific classroom product, and teacher resources. First and foremost these designers understand that children need learning to be made fun.
The animal eye viewers recreate the way animals see so that the children can experience it. The set comes with three eye viewers, a chameleon, a shark, and a bug. They are recommended for kindergarten and up. The set is not only fun they are educational. Children learn about the vision of animals, and things such as sharks are not able to see in front of them, and that they have blind spots. Looking through the viewers gives children a sharks view of things. The set is durable and will last through years of play.
These animal eye viewers are really cute, the kids love them. They create stories and give each of them names. They like to inform everyone who comes over to play about their knowledge of sharks and bugs and how they see.
Lol I love this toy and think it would be cool for kids as well as adults to use these.
I wanna see like an animal! So cool!


text:
Tag: Clarissa Botsford
So much space to fill: Thirsty Sea by Erica Mou
Today it's twenty-five years since I killed my sister.
Nobody has ever said it out loud, but I can hear other people's thoughts loud and clear. And the unmanageable ones have a special sound: they make a low constant rumble like waves crashing against docks, like high heels as you carry on walking, resisting and smiling.
My mother says it wasn't my fault.
My mother wears them often, high heels that is.
The voice of Maria, the narrator of Erica Mou's debut novel Thirsty Sea, sings with a heady mix of guilt, defiance and insecurity. Not always likeable, sometimes driven to over dramatic metaphor, she manages to maintain an irresistible, infectious flow that carries you right along with her, even if you may sometimes wonder how or why other the characters in her life put up with her at all. She's a little injured perhaps, but you can't help hoping she will find a way to start to heal. It makes for a strangely captivating read.
Thirsty Sea is the first offering of Héloïse Press, a new venture dedicated to publishing contemporary female narrative that launched in the UK earlier this year. Mou is an award winning Italian indie singer-songwriter who brings a free-spirited musical energy to her writing, a vitality that is captured with creativity by translator Clarissa Botsford. In her introductory note, Botsford describes the challenges inherent in translating the work of an author who delights in playing with double meanings. It was necessary at times to make changes and alterations, especially to the short poems that occur within and at the close of each chapter. These brief verses have a title that reflects back on the theme just covered and, as such, it was not always possible or desirable to translate directly from Italian to English. Fortunately she had an opportunity to meet and work with Mou herself and the author was more than open to the idea of "trans-creating." As she said: "It's my text. We can do with it what we like."
All you needed to do was pick me up and shine a light
to see whether I'd ever been there
Maria, named after her two Maria grandmothers, is a thirty-two year-old woman living in Bari, Italy, with her extraordinarily patient partner Nicola. He is a pilot and she is the proprietor of a rather unlikely business, a gift-finding service—unlikely because she herself has never liked receiving gifts. This resistance, like most of the self-imposed roadblocks in her life and relationships, has its origins in the tragic death of her younger sister, Summer, when Maria was seven and her sister three. Despite frequent reassurances from her mother and several therapists, Maria cannot let go of a sense that she was somehow at fault, that everyone who knows of the situation sees her as a murderer. Her unyielding monologue continually turns comments, questions and recollections into varieties of self-accusation. Her sharp tongue is turned on herself and everyone else, though, for the most part, she manages to keep from expressing her harsher observations out loud.
Unfolding over the course of one twenty-four hour period, from one evening to the next, Maria gradually fills in details from her life, colouring in a self-portrait of a woman burdened by guilt, feeling crushed by her mother, alienated from her father and stifled by Nicola who wants to have a baby. She is weighed down by a block of marble she imagines carrying in her chest. Everything with Maria is intensified, technicolour, against the grey backdrop of her mother, her father's crumbling edifice and Nicola's pristine white palette. Almost the only person she trusts with the occasional honest expression of her feelings is Ruth, an American she met while visiting London in her youth. But what comes through loudest is the sense that Maria is truly isolated by her own inability trust herself. She cannot shake the trauma of her sister's death no matter how unaffected she attempts to sound.
As the narrative unfolds and the pieces start to fall into place, tension builds. By this point we are attached to this wounded but entirely relatable soul as she nears a critical turning point. All we can do at that moment is trust that she will know what is right. For her. With Maria, Erica Mou has created a truly engaging, oddly eccentric character and a well-paced narrative that leaves one wondering where the future will take her. Definitely a writer to watch.
Thirsty Sea by Erica Mou is translated by Clarissa Botsford and published by Héloïse Press.
Author roughghostsPosted on September 3, 2022 Categories Books, Italian, Review, TranslatedTags #WITMonth, #womenintranslation, book review, books, Clarissa Botsford, Erica Mou, Heloise Press, Italian, literature, Thirsty Sea, translation4 Comments on So much space to fill: Thirsty Sea by Erica Mou


Glamorgan bowling coach Robert Croft believes scrapping the toss in County Championship Division Two matches could benefit the game.
The England and Wales Cricket Board will discuss the plan on Thursday and it could come into effect in 2016.
Former England Test spinner Croft believes it could mean better pitches.
"I guess what they're trying to do is produce pitches that are capable of developing all round skills in the game," said Croft.
If the plan is approved, a one-year trial will take place in 2016 to try to improve pitches and encourage spin bowlers.
The away team would choose whether to bat, bowl or still have a toss if the pitch condition was uncertain.
The ECB believes many matches in Division Two are decided by the toss because home teams are producing pitches to suit their bowlers.
However, no team in the County Championship has been deducted points for preparing a poor pitch since 2011.
"This is borne out of pitches in recent times being far too bowler friendly and games being over very quickly indeed," added Croft, who took more than 1,000 wickets during his playing career with Glamorgan.
"They want pitches that are not just seam bowler friendly but batsman friendly and spin friendly, so I guess it's trying to even the balance of pitches throughout the game in this country to hopefully benefit all the skills which will hopefully benefit the national team.
"It's a move we have to be open minded about - the toss has been there pretty much since the game started so it's very easy to get closed minded about it and say we can't mess with tradition.
"But the development of the game is bigger than the toss.
"And also we have to think of the supporters. They expect to see a good game of cricket that finishes about tea time on the last day ideally, but a lot of the games now are over in two days or just barely into the third day."