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The 13 Best Things to See and Do in Taipei
Posted: 5/30/2020 | May 30th, 2020
Taipei, the capital of Taiwan and its most populous city, is the epicenter of tourism for the country (though most people just come for a short layover as it's a major air hub for Asia).
And while there is plenty to do elsewhere in Taiwan, even if you don't leave Taipei, you can still find lots of things to see and do in the area to fill close to a week!
I love Taipei. I lived here in 2010 while I taught English and built this website. It was a wonderful experience that helped me grow as a person. A decade later, I finally made it back to the city I loved so much and it was remarkable to see that so much of what I loved was still there: the endless gigantic food markets serving some of the best food in the world, a wild nightlife, spacious parks, interesting and quirky museums, and nearby mountains that call to you with easy and accessible hikes.
Taipei (like Taiwan as a whole) is a hugely underrated destination and I can't urge you enough to visit. It combines culture, nature, wonderful people, and affordability. I don't understand why more people don't visit but make their loss, your gain!
To help you plan your trip, here are my top 13 things to do while in Taipei:
One of the first things I do when I arrive in a new destination is to take a free walking tour. They show you the lay of the land and help you see a place's highlights while learning a little about its history and culture. Plus, you get access to a local who can answer any and all of your questions.
Like It Formosa offers free daily walking tours around Taipei. Their tours focus more on cultural history than their competitor, Tour Me Away, which also offers free walking tours geared towards the backpacker crowd (Tour Me Away also runs pub crawls).
2. Visit the National Palace Museum
The National Palace Museum has over 70,000 artifacts from Imperial China, most of which were brought to Taiwan during the Chinese Civil War (1929–1947). In addition to the permanent exhibits, there are also rotating exhibits throughout the year as well as a section for children. There are free daily tours in English too. If you can't get on the tour, get the audio guide. While the descriptions on the artifacts are pretty detailed, the audio tour goes into even more depth and gives you deeper insight into what you are seeing and the time period it is from.
221, Sec 2, Zhi Shan Road, +886 2 2881 2021, npm.gov.tw. Open Sunday–Thursday 8:30am–6:30pm and Friday–Saturday 8:30am–9pm. Admission is 350 NT$ ($11.65 USD) (470 NT$ ($15.65 USD) with an audio guide).
3. Soak in the Hot Springs
The Beitou Hot Springs area is a popular destination since it's on the MRT (metro system) and only 30 minutes from downtown. There are lots of resorts, spas, and inns in the area where you can enjoy a dip in a hot spring. Be sure to also visit the Hot Springs Museum (housed in an old bathhouse from 1913), the Xinbeitou Historic Station (a heritage train station from 1916), and Thermal Valley (a sulfurous lake nearby that has walking trails).
Admission to most hot springs starts around 40 NT$ ($1.33 USD) per person, making it a very affordable getaway for anyone looking for some R&R.
Hot Springs Museum: No. 2, Zhongshan Road, +886 2 2893 9981, hotspringmuseum.taipei. Open daily from 9am-5pm. Admission is free.
Xinbeitou Historic Station: 1 Qixing St., +886 2 2891 5558, xbths.taipei. Open Tuesday-Thursday from 10am-6pm and Friday-Sunday from 10am-8:30pm (closed Mondays). Admission is free.
4. Take a Cooking Class
Taiwan is a foodie's dream! You got noodle soups, incredible rice dishes, amazing buns, dumplings, scallion pancakes, and so much more. The food in the country is world-class. While cooking classes here are a little pricey, they do take you through the local markets and teach you about local ingredients and how to make some traditional dishes. I always found Taiwanese food intimidating so it was nice to have someone help me understand the local food. It made me more adventurous in the night markets.
Some cooking classes worth checking out are:
Ivy's Kitchen
CookInn Taiwan
Make My Day Cooking Lab
Expect to pay around 2,000 NT$ ($67 USD) for a class.
5. Visit the Museums
Taipei has a lot of museums. Given its size, I was surprised by how many actually they had, especially since the city isn't known as being a center for museums. Here are some of my favorites:
National Taiwan Museum – This is the oldest museum in Taiwan and covers its history from a variety of different scientific perspectives, such as anthropology, earth sciences, zoology, and botany. It's really basic and best if you go with kids. Admission is 30 NT$ ($1 USD).
Miniatures Museum of Taipei – Opened in 1997, this museum is home to over 200 architectural miniatures, including castles, replica towns and streets, and even a 1/12 scale model of Buckingham Palace. It's a weird museum but pretty cool. Admission is 180 NT$ ($6 USD).
Museum of Contemporary Arts – I'm not a fan of contemporary art myself, but if you are, then don't miss this museum. It has a rotating collection of exhibits, so there is always something new on display. Admission is 50 NT$ ($1.66 USD).
Taipei Astronomical Museum – A fun and educational museum with exhibitions on ancient astronomy, technology, telescopes, the solar system, and much more. Admission is 60 NT$ ($2 USD).
Taipei Fine Art Museum – Opened in 1983, this was the first art museum in Taiwan. It's home to a wide variety of works from both international and Taiwanese artists and hosts rotating exhibitions too. Admission is 30 NT$ ($1 USD).
National 228 Memorial Museum – This museum is dedicated to the tragic events that began on February 28, 1947, when an uprising against the Chinese government started following World War II. Admission is 20 NT$ ($0.67 USD).
6. Go Hiking
Taipei has plenty of hiking trails just outside town that are easily accessible. There are easy, moderate, and challenging trails, as well as both short and full-day hikes. Here are a few worth checking out:
Xiangshan Trail – An easy 45-minute hike that offers nice views of Taipei. It's just a 10-minute walk from the Xiangshan MRT station.
Bitoujiao Trail – Located one hour from town by car, this moderate hike takes you along the coast. The trail is in the Ruifeng District 11km east of Jiufen. The hike takes 2-3 hours.
Jinmianshan Trail – An easy 1.5-hour hike in Yangmingshan National Park. The trail starts a 10-minute walk from the Xihu MRT station.
Huang Didian Trail – A challenging ridge hike that takes around five hours. From Muzha Station, board the bus to Huafan University and get off at Huangdi Temple. From there, the trail is 25 minutes away on foot.
Pingxi Crag Trail – A moderate 2-3-hour hike with lots of steep sections. For experienced hikers only. The trail begins just five minutes away from Pingxi station.
7. Take a Day Trip to Jiufen
Jiufen is one of Taiwan's most popular tourist destinations. First, because it's incorrectly believed to be the origin of the film Spirited Away, so people come for that. Second, it's famous for being a historic gold-mining town with it's preserved old streets. And, third, it's famous for its traditional teahouses.
Jiufen is tiny. You can walk around in about 30 minutes. The center of the city and its historic streets and buildings are all preserved as they looked 100 years ago so walking around here is a cool experience. Be sure to come early (like first thing in the morning) to beat the crowds because, by midday, the streets are wall-to-wall people. If you stay the night, you'll also get the city to yourself once the crowds leave around 4pm.
As a tea lover, this is one of my favorite places in Taiwan because it's home to some beautiful teahouses in the most stunning settings. It also overlooks a bay in the distance, and there are lots of lookouts.
Some teahouses not to miss are:
Siidcha Tea House
Skyline Tea House
Amei Tea House
Taro of Sweet
Jiufen Tea House
Additionally, there are a few museums highlighting the town's gold mining past, lots of parks and lookouts, and some nearby hiking trails. (If you want to hike, spend the night as you'll need the extra time.) Like It Formosa does a free walking tour here too (for this one, you need to sign up in advance because they only do it when people register).
The trip will take around 1-1.5 hours by train and bus. Take the train from Songshan Station (in Taipei) to Ruifang Station. From there you can take a bus straight to Jiufen. Expect to spend around 100 NT$ ($3.33 USD) for your round-trip ticket. There are also tourist buses with organized day trips; these usually cost around 475 NT$ ($16 USD).
8. See the Temples
Taipei brilliantly mixes the old and the new. Almost 90% of Taiwan identifies as either Buddhist or Taoist, and that is reflected in Taipei's temples. Here are some of the most popular and ornate temples:
Longshan Temple – Built in 1738, this temple was built to honor the goddess of mercy, Guanyin. There are also statues worshipping 100 other Chinese folk deities here as well. The temple has been damaged or destroyed numerous times by earthquakes or military conflicts, but it is always rebuilt by the locals who still visit and worship at it. No. 211, Guangzhou Street, Wanhua District.
Bao-an Temple – Dalongdong Baoan Temple (Bao-an for short) is a Taiwanese folk religion temple and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It dates to the mid-18th century and is home to two dragon columns that are over two centuries old. It looks particularly amazing lit up at night. No. 61, Hami Street, Datong District.
Confucius Temple – Located near the Bao-an temple, this simple temple is dedicated to the famous philosopher Confucius, whose teachings are part of the cultural backbone of both Taiwan and mainland China. It's modeled after the original Confucius Temple in Qufu, the hometown of Confucius in mainland China. No. 275, Dalong Street, Datong District.
9. Enjoy the View from Taipei 101
For the best views in Taipei, visit Taipei 101. Opened in 2004, this was the tallest building in the world until 2010 (when the Burj Khalifa took its place). Standing 508m (1,667 feet) tall, it towers over Taipei.
Even though I hate heights, you can't visit Taipei without seeing it from the top of this building. There is an observation platform on the 89th floor that is absolutely breathtaking. You can also go up to the 91st floor and step outside if you want to really get your blood pumping (don't worry, there are bars so you can't fall).
Additionally, go to Morton's Steakhouse for happy hour. Not only do they have super cheap drink specials but their patio provides some extraordinary views of Taipei 101 itself.
No. 7, Section 5, Xinyi Road, taipei-101.com.tw/en/observatory. Open daily 11am–9pm. Admission is 600 NT$ ($20 USD).
10. See the Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall
Officially known as Liberty Square, this national monument was built in 1976 in honor of Chiang Kai-shek, former president of the Republic of China. He ruled mainland China from 1928 to 1949, and then in Taiwan from 1949 until his death in 1975.
In addition to his monument, which is over 75m (250 feet) tall, there is also a massive open square where rallies and protests have been held over the years (hence its renaming as Liberty Square). The memorial also houses a library and a museum that documents Chiang Kai-shek's life and career. It also has exhibits on Taiwan's history and how the country evolved throughout the years.
No. 21, Zhongshan South Road, Zhongzheng District, +886-2-2343-1100, cksmh.gov.tw. Open daily from 9am-6pm. Admission is free.
11. Ride the Maokong Gondola
Take a ride on the Maokong Gondola, which was built in 2007, and get some great views of the city and surrounding forests. The route stretches over 4km (2.5 miles) and includes several stations between the Taipei Zoo and Maokong.
Spend some time exploring Maokong as it was once the prime tea-growing area of Taiwan. There are lots of winding footpaths you can wander, teahouses and cafes (the area still produces a lot of tea), and stunning views of Taipei (especially at night when the city is all lit up). It's a popular spot on the weekend so visit during the week to avoid the crowds.
Stations at Taipei Zoo (2), Zhinan Temple, and Maokong. Open Monday–Friday 9am–9pm (10pm on Fridays), Saturdays 8:30am–10pm, and Sundays 8:30am–9pm. Tickets start at 70 NT$ ($2.33 USD).
12. Explore the Night Markets
Taipei is home to dozens of night markets — and most of them have tons of delicious food stalls. Here are a few worth checking out:
Shulin Night Market – This is the biggest night market in Taiwan. Opened in 2017, it is home to over 400 vendors and covers a massive 12 acres. It's full of delicious (and cheap) street food, as well as clothing, electronics, and all sorts of souvenirs and other goods.
Raohe Night Market – The second most popular night market. Be sure to try the black pepper buns while you're here. There's also a Michelin-recognized food stall that you shouldn't miss called Chen Dong Ribs Stewed in Medicinal Herbs.
Tonghua Night Market – This night market is popular with locals, as it has a ton of delicious places to eat. It's essentially a food market more than anything else. Be sure to try the stinky tofu!
Snake Alley – Located in the former red-light district, it gets its name from the fact that many tourists used to come here to eat snake meat. While I wouldn't recommend that, there's a tasty Michelin-recognized stall that's worth sampling called Hsiao Wang Steamed Minced Pork with Pickles in Broth.
Ningxia Night Market – This is one of the smaller night markets, so it's easy to explore (though it does get crowded). There are lots of delicious oyster stalls here.
13. See the National Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hall
Sun Yat-sen was a politician, physician, and philosopher, as well as the first president of Taiwan. This memorial was built in 1972 to honor Doctor Sun Yat-sen. He's considered "the Father of the Nation," and the memorial hall is home to items from his personal and professional life. He's one of the few figures beloved in both mainland China and Taiwan, as he was instrumental in the overthrow of China's last imperial dynasty.
In addition to the hall's museumesque displays of Sun's possessions, it also serves as a meeting place, educational center, and cultural center.
No. 505, Section 4, Ren'ai Road, (02) 27588008 #546, yatsen.gov.tw. Open daily 9am–6pm. Admission is free.
From the food to museums to natural beauty, Taipei is a world-class city that I don't think people appreciate enough. It needs to be on people's radar more. I loved my time living there and coming back to visit just reminded me how marvelous (and affordable) the city is!
Make visiting Taipei a priority. With so much to see and do, you're guaranteed to have an outstanding visit.
Book Your Trip to Taipei: Logistical Tips and Tricks
You can book your hostel with Hostelworld. If you want to stay elsewhere, use Booking.com as they consistently return the cheapest rates for guesthouses and cheap hotels. My favorite places to stay in Taipei are:
Star Hostel
Homey Hostel
Flip Flop Hostel
Looking for more information on visiting Taiwan?
For more tips about visiting Taiwan, check out my introduction to Taiwan for more tips on what to see, do, costs, ways to save, and much, much more!
Photo credit: 1 – Heikki Holstila, 2, 3 – Caitriana Nicholson, 4 – familyfriends754, 6 – Guillaume Paumier, 14 – Ilee_wu
Visiting Taipei 101: An Insider's Travel Guide
How to See Taiwan on a Budget
Taiwan Lantern Festival: An Insider's Guide to Visiting This Festival
Brilliant post, Matt! Agree that Taipei, and by extension Taiwan is a hugely underrated tourist destination. The food there is second to none (in my opinion) and the locals there are friendly, openminded and speak extremely good English in comparison with their other counterparts in the same region, ie China, Japan and Korea.
I hope I'll have the chance to visit once more after COVID19 is over.
Barry Till
So glad to finally read about your trip to Taiwan. I ws there not long ago n your comments brought back fond memories, especially of Taipei. I'll look up your food recommendation places when next back there.
DEANNE WISE
Catch the train to Yingge. A short train ride from Taipei or Banquio. A gorgeous town with cobblestone streets famous for it's ceramics. And love the shopping area under the Taipei Main Station. Now I want to go again.
This is a rarity, a post on Taiwan from a big travel blogger that's actually good! One thing that I'm surprised by (and I'm wondering if this is a typo) is where you say that the crowds leave Jiufen by 4pm. In my experience, which is consistent with others I've spoken to, it's absolutely packed until about 8-9pm at night. When I visited, walking through the small town took far longer and wasn't enjoyable as there were human traffic jams everywhere.
For anyone going to Jiufen, I think the best thing to day is stay the night so you can enjoy it late at night once the crowds have gone back to Taipei. That way you can also explore in the morning without having to get up early. There's a host of other attractions in or around Jiufen that you can visit as well, like the Houtong Cat Village, Jinguashi Golden Waterfall and various hikes (these are all possible from Taipei as well, they're just slightly more convenient if you're already in Jiufen).
I mean they were gone by 4/5 when I was there in Feb! Maybe it was just the time of year?
Ah, that might have been down to coronavirus concerns. I went one evening in March last year and it wasn't enjoyable at all because of how packed it was – people could barely move it was so busy. I'm probably going to go again soon and stay the night – I expect it will be a much better experience!
As a big fan of both Taipei *and* contemporary art, I just wanted to add an enthusiastic recommendation for the city's Museum of Contemporary Art. It is absolutely world-class, with entirely new exhibitions running every few months.


Freedom of speech is a fundamental part of American culture. A lot of Americans, or protestors in other countries, would stare down the barrel of a gun to defend it. Unless that gun happens to be this insane SpeechJammer device that renders you incapable of forming coherent sentences.
The SpeechJammer, developed at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology in Japan, works because when we speak, we aren't just using our mouths as an "audio out" speaker. We actively listen to what we're saying, and the way we sound dictates how we proceed with our speech. The SpeechJammer screws with that. The "gun" shoots your words back to you, but with a delay of a few hundred milliseconds, which is enough to mess up natural cadence. The effect is called Delayed Auditory Feedback.
The prototypes used by the Institute used a directional microphone and directional speaker, and one had a distance sensor as well, to accurately determine how long the delay needs to be, based on how far away the speaker is, and works at up to 100 feet.
Strangely, while DAF can cause regular people to stutter, it's also been shown to alleviate those same problems in people with speech impairments.


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2016 Goodwill Power of Work Awards Generating Excitement
By RealEstateRama -
Goodwill of Western MO & Eastern KS now accepting Power of Work Award Nominations
Kansas City, MO (March 1, 2016) – Goodwill invites community members to participate in the fifth Annual Power of Work Awards luncheon on April 20th, 2016 showcasing those in the Kansas City Metro who illuminate our local community one life, one job, and one opportunity at a time. Individuals and area businesses can register to attend, become a sponsor, and nominate a local business for the award at MoKanGoodwill.org/PowerofWork. The awards luncheon will be at the Grand Street Café in Kansas City, MO from 11am-1pm.
Goodwill seeks nominations from the community to recognize and honor a Kansas City for-profit business by March 18th, 2016. Employers are encouraged to nominate themselves, and nominations also may be submitted by employees, other businesses or organizations, and referral agencies. These businesses must be actively empowering and employing people with disadvantages and different abilities in their workforce, as well as creating enhanced opportunities for marginalized and non-traditional populations to be successful in the work place.
Previous businesses honored by the Goodwill Power of Work Award include: Ameristar Casino Hotel Kansas City, reStart Inc., and the Community Improvement District. Community partners such as these make it possible for us to take our mission to its full fruition. "We are impressed with their dedication for the complete integration of their workforce with people with barriers to employment, and look forward to honoring more businesses for their efforts," stated Stefany Williams, president and CEO of Goodwill of Western Missouri & Eastern Kansas.
Goodwill Power of Work Award Luncheon April 20th, 2016 11am-1pm Grand Street Café in Kansas City, MO Details & registration at MoKanGoodwill.org/PowerofWork
For interviews or additional info, please contact: Jennifer Matascik at 816-213-3235
# About: Goodwill of Western Missouri & Eastern Kansas is a 501 (c) (3) nonprofit agency whose mission is to empower people with disadvantages and different abilities to earn and keep employment through individualized programs and services. Goodwill's proceeds support LOCAL programs that empower job seekers with barriers to employment. In 2014 nearly 1.5 million purchases and 450,000 donations funded our mission. Goodwill has a history of more than 120 years of service in Kansas City. The first Kansas City Goodwill store opened in 1925. The agency has 14 stores with additional donation sites and GoodWORKS Career Resource Centers. Learn more at www.mokangoodwill.org. To see all the good we do together, follow us on Facebook, Google +, Twitter, LinkedIn, Pinterest, Instagram and YouTube.
Media Contact: Jennifer Matascik Goodwill 1817 Campbell St., Kansas City, MO 64108 816-213-3235, www.mokangoodwill.org
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Campania din Tunisia (sau Bătălia pentru Tunisia) a fost o serie de angajamente militare din timpul celui de-al doilea război mondial, care au avut loc în timpul campaniei din Africa de nord și care au implicat pe de-o parte forțele Axei și de cealaltă parte pe cele ale Aliaților. Forțele Aliaților au fost formate în principal din cele ale Statelor Unite, Regatului Unit și Franței Libere. Luptele au debutat cu succesele de început ale Germaniei Naziste și Italiei Fasciste, dar superioritatea numerică, tehnologică și materială a Aliaților au dus în cele din urmă la înfrângerea forțelor Axei. Peste 275.000 de soldați germani și italieni au fost luați prizonieri, inclusiv cea mai mare parte a vestitelor Afrika Korps (DAK).

Contextul general

Primele faze ale războiului în Africa de nord au fost marcate de lipsa de provizii și incapacitatea  asigurării unui sprijin logistic concentrat. Bazele de aprovizionare ale părților combatante erau foarte depărtate de linia frontului: cele britanice la Alexandria, iar cele italiene la Benghazi și Tobruk. Între ele se întindeau peste 650 km de deșert, care putea fi traversat cu ușurință doar printr-un coridor îngust care se întindea de-a lungul malului Mediteranei. În acel timp, forțele navale britanice și italiene erau sensibil egale în Marea Mediterană, fiecare dintre ele reușind să împiedice inamicul să aprovizioneze pe calea apei bazele din Alexandria, respectiv Tobruk.

Nivelul scăzut al proviziilor a dus la început al o luptă de "du-te – vino" de-a lungul coastei mediteraneene. Ofensiva inițială italiană a dus la o înaintare de aproape 1.650 km spre granița egipteană, dar când au ajuns atât de departe, proviziile lor erau aproape terminate și capacitatea de reaprovizionare era redusă. Britanicii, aflați foarte aproape de bazele lor de aprovizionare, au organizat rapid o contraofensivă victorioasă în Libia. După sosirea germanilor în Africa, frontul s-a mutat din nou spre est, pentru ca înaintarea forțelor Axei să se oprească din nou din cauza spraîntinderii liniilor de aprovizionare.

Situația s-a schimbat radical în 1942. Deși în Mediterana forțele navale britanice și italiene continuau să ducă lupte dure, faptul că Malta rămăsese ferm sub controlul Aliaților le-a permis acestora să limiteze drastic aprovizionarea Axei pe mare. Mai mult, Aliații au crescut în mod copleșitor volumul de provizii destinate frontului, ceea ce s-a dovedit un avantaj hotărâtor.

Odată cu retragerea germană provocată de ofensiva victorioasă a lui Bernard Montgomery în Egipt după a doua bătălie de la El Alamein din noiembrie 1942, în condițiile în care britanicii nu mai sufereau din cauza lipsei proviziilor ca la începutul luptelor, nu a fost decât doar o chestiune de timp până când Aliații au reușit să mute linia frontului în Libia. Pe 8 noiembrie a fost declanșată Operațiunea Torța – debarcarea Aliată în vestul Africii – ceea ce a făcut ca forțele Axei să fie prinse la mijloc, într-o Libie greu de apărat.

Poziții defensive mai ușor de organizat existau în vest, în Tunisia. Tunisia este mărginită la est de Golful Sidra și la nord de Marea Mediterană. Cea mai mare parte a frontierei terestre vestice cu Algeria este definită de crestele Munților Atlas. Această zonă de frontieră era relativ ușor de apărat, în regiune neexistând decât un număr limitat de trecători pe direcția nord-sud. În sudul Tunisiei, o serie de munți de înălțime mică controlează căile de deplasare spre litoral. Francezii construiseră mai înainte de cucerirea italiană o linie defensivă (linia Mareth) de 20 km lățime și 30 km adâncime împotriva atacurilor dinspre Libia. Doar în nordul Tunisiei se afla o zonă care ar fi favorizat atacurile. Munții Atlas încetau să mai fie o barieră naturală, lipsa culmilor lor lăsând o zonă vastă a litoralului nord-vestic neprotejată din punct de vedere natural împotriva unui atac armat.

În general, Tunisia oferea o bază de operațiuni relativ ușor de apărat. Liniile defensive din nord puteau face față forțelor aliate ale Operațiunii Torța, în vreme ce în sud linia Mareth era extrem de puternică. Între cele două regiuni se aflau munții Atlas cu pasuri ușor de apărat. În plus, Tunisia avea două porturi cu ape adânci - Tunis și Bizerte, aflate la doar câteva sute de kilometri de bazele de aprovizionare italiene din Sicilia. Proviziile puteau fi transportate într-o noapte, întunericul protejându-le de atacurile avioanelor RAF. Prin comparație, operațiunile de aprovizionare a bazelor din Libia aveau nevoie de o călătorie de 24 de ore, ceea ce le făcea extrem de riscante.

Adolf Hitler considera că germanii aveau o excelentă bază defensivă în Tunisia, putând să reziste luni sau chiar ani, încurcând astfel planurile ofensive aliate din Europa.

Pregătirile Axei

Unitățile forțelor aliate participante la Operațiunea Torța, care debarcaseră la Alger, (Forța de asalt estică), avuseseră ca obiectiv ca, după debarcarea pe litoralul african, să continue atacul prin acțiuni ale comandourilor și ale forțelor aeropurtate în Tunisia. Aceste planuri au fost întârziate de comandanții locali ai trupelor franceze Vichyiste, care au început negocieri cu Aliații. Aliații au fost obligați să lase garnizoane numeroase în teritoriile controlate de Regimul de la Vichy în nord-vestul Africii. Deși Aliații au reușit să construiască o serie de baze avansate, bine aprovizionate, ei nu au mai fost capabili să întreprindă acțiuni ofensive imediate. Un atac cu șanse de reușită împotriva Tunisiei ar fi fost posibil doar dacă ar fi fost declanșat imediat după debarcarea Aliaților, iar Eisenhower avea să scrie mai târziu că "operațiunile americanilor au violat toate principiile recunoscute ale războiului".

Oficialitățile tunisiene nu erau hotărâte ce tabără să sprijine și în plus tunisienii nu permis accesul nicunei părți beligerante la bazele lor aeriene. Pe 10 noiembrie, italienii au trimis 28 de avioane de vânătoare la Tunis. După zile mai târziu, italienii au început un pod aerian prin intermediul căruia au transportat peste 15.000 de soldați și 581 de tone de echipament. Pe mare, italienii au transportat 176 de tancuri, 131 de piese de aetilerie, 1.152 de vehicule și 13.000 de provizii. Până la sfârșitul lunii, italienii au transportat în Tunisia trei divizii germane și două divizii italiene. Pe 12 noiembrie, Walther Nehring a fost numit comandant al Corpului German al 90-lea, iar pe 17 noiembrie și-a preluat postul.

Lupta pentru Tunis

După negocieri lungi, pe 22 noiembrie, comandanți francezi au acceptat ca Africa de nord Vichystă să treacă sub controlul Aliaților, ceea ce a permis garnizoanelor aliate să se îndrepte spre frontul tunisian. Până în acel moment, germanii reușiseră să concentreze un întreg corp de armată în Tunisia, iar forțele Axei le depășeau pe cele ale Aliaților la aproape toate capitolele.

Aliații aveau disponibile în zonă numai două grupuri de brigăzi și unități de sprijin de artilerie și blindate. Ei au sperat ca, dacă atacă rapid, mai înainte ca forțele Axei să reușească să se organizeze complet, vor fi capabili să cucerească Tunisia cu pierderi minime.

Planul de atac

Din Algeria spre Tunisia se putea pătrunde pe două drumuri. Planul aliat era să înainteze pe cele două drumuri și să cucerească orașele Bizerte și Tunis. După cucerirea Bizertei, se putea considera că Operațiunea Torța își atinsese toate obiectivele programate.

Coloana atacului din nord spre Bizerte urma să fie dat de Brigada a 36-a de infanterie britanică, sprijinită de un mic grup de tancuri din Divizia a 6-a britanică. Spre sud urmau să atace Brigada a 11-a de infanterie britanică sprijinită pe flancul stâng de un regiment britanic de blindate, un batalion de tancuri ușoare american, plus infanterie motorizată, parașutiști, artilerie de câmp, antitanc și antiaeriană și geniști. Amândouă brigăzile de infanterie erau parte a Diviziei a 78-a britanice de inranterie, a cărui comandant, generalul-maior Vyvyan Evelegh, a fost numit comandantul suprem al ofensivei. .

Bătălia

Primul contact

Cele două coloane aliate au avansat spre Djebel Abiod, respectiv spre Beja. Luftwaffe se bucura de superioritatea aeriană, decolând de pe aeroporturi locale, în vreme ce avioanele aliate trebuiau să zboare de pe aeroporturile din Algeria.

Pe 17 noiembrie, în aceiași în care a sosit la post comandantul german Nehring, elementele avansate ale brigăzii a 36-a a luat contact cu defensiva Axei la Djebel Abiod – 400 de parașutiști, 17 tancuri și mai multe tunuri autopurtate. Aliații au reușit să scoată din luptă 11 tancuri inamice, dar înaintarea lor a fost oprită, iar luptele de la Djebel Abiod au continuat încă nouă zile.

Asaltul general aliat

Cele două coloane aliate s-au concentrat la Djebel Abiod și Beja, pergătindu-se pentru un asalt pe 24 noiembrie. Brigada a 36-a trebuia să înainteze de la Djebel Abiod spre Mateur, iar brigada a 11-a trebuia să înainteze pe valea râului Merjerda pentru a cuceri  Majaz al Bab (care apărea pe hărți ca Medjez el Bab sau Medjez), după care să continue înaintarea spre Tebourba, Djedeida și Tunis. "Blade Force" trebuia să atace înaintând pe drumurile de țară și să se strecoare prin zona dintre cele două brigăzi de infanterie spre Sidi Nsir și să atace prin flanc Terbourba și Djeida.

Atacul de pe flancul nordic nu a avut loc datorită ploilor torențiale care au încetinit toate pregătirile aliaților. În sud, Brigada a 11-a era ținută pe loc de rezistența îndârjită de la Medjez. În schimb, Blade Force a înaintat spre Sidi Nsir pentru a trece prin Pasul Chouigui, la nord de Terbourba. O parte a "Blade Force" (tancuri americane și care blindate britanice) s-a infiltrat în spatele liniilor inamice spre baza aeriană prospăt reactivată de la Djedeida. În timpul atacului asupra bazei aeriene, blindatele aliate au distrus 20 de avioane ale Axei, au dărâmaat mai multe clădiri, magazii de echipament și au ucis mai mulți apărători. Totuși, fiind lipsiți de sprijinul infanteriei, bilindatele nu au fost capabile să¬-și consolideze victoria și au fost nevoite să se retragă la Chouigui.

Atacul blindatelor aliate l-a luat pe Nehring prin surprindere și l-au făcut conștient de vulnarabilitatea garnizoanei de la Medjez, care în ciuda faptului că era fortificată, numeoasă și bine înarmată, putea fi încercuită. Nehring s-a hotărât să se retagă de la Medjez și să întărească baza de la Djedeida, la aproximativ 50 km de Tunis.

Brigada a 36-a a întârziat atacul până pe 26 noiembrie. Nehring s-a folosit de răstimpul cucerit pentru a crea o ambuscadă pe drumul dintre Sedjenane și Mateur. Germanii au ocupat zonele înalte de pe marginile drumului, care, după ploile puternice din ultimele zile, era plin de noroi și era impraciticabil pentru vehicule. Ambuscada a funcționat perfect, batalionul aliat din avantgardă pierzând aproape 150 de oameni. Comandantul brigăzii a 36- a trimis unități pentru a cuceri înălțimiile. Parașutiștii germani au reușit să reziste în regiune până în primăvara anului următor.

Retragerea germanilor spre Djedeida și recucerirea inițiativei

La începutul zilei de 26 noiembrie, brigada a 11-a a fost capabilă să intre în Medjez fără să întâmpine rezistență, iar până la sfârșitul zilei au ocupat Tebourba, care fusese și ea evacuată de germani. Aliații au început să facă preparative pentru atacul pe direcția Djedeida. Pe 27 noiembrie însă, germanii au atacat în forță, ucigând 137 de soldați aliați și luând 286 de prizonieri. Brigada a 11-a a contraatacat în primele ore ale zilei de 28 noiembrie spre aeroportul Djedeida. Atacul britanic a fost sprijinit de tancurilor americane din ale compaiei B a Diviziei I americană. Apărarea antitanc germană a distrus rapid 19 tancuri americane, iar atacul aliat s-a împotmolit.

Pe 29 noiembrie, au început să sosească de la Alger noi unități din Divizia a 78-a, ca să înlocuiască batalioanele Brigăzii a 11-a, puternic afectate de lupte.

Pe 1 decembrie, forțele Axei au organizat un contraatac, care amenința să izoleze Brigada a 11-a și să străpungă liniile Aliaților până în zona din spatele frontului. Ofensiva Axei a fost întârziată de luptele grele cu britanicii  mai bine de patru zile, ceea ce a permis retragerea controlată în regiunea mai înaltă de la vest de Terbourba. Unele dintre unitățile britanice au suferit în aceste lupte pierderi de până la 75% din efective.

Între timp, în zona de luptă au sosit unitățile de parașutiști britanici. Batalionul al 2-lea de parașutiști britanici au fost parașutați pe 3 decembrie lângă aeroportul și orașul Depienne, la aproximativ 48 km sud de Tunis ("Operațiunea OUDNA") cu misiunea de a distruge avioanele de bombardament în picaj Stuka, care susținuseră foarte eficient defensiva germană. Britanicii au fost parașutați într-o zonă în care era cantonat un batalion italian de bersalieri experimentați.  Radio Roma a relatat că bersalierii au luat 300 de prizonieri dintre parașutiștii britanici. Britanicii în schimb au raportat că parașutiștii au luptat cu parașutiștii germani, sprijiniți de tancuri și mașini blindatel. În conformitate cu rapoartele britanice, după 5 zile de lupte grele, dintre cei 500 de parașutiști britanici, numai 180 au reușit să se retragă într-o zonă sigură.

Trupele aliate din Tunisia au fost reorganizate, un cartier general a fost creat pe structura Armatei I britanice, care a preluat controlul trupelor din sectorul Tebourba. Noul comandant, generalul locotenent Charles Walter a hotărât să încerce un nou atac pentru străpungerea frontului spre Tunis. El a considerat că trupele obosite din Tebourba erau într-o situație dificilă și a ordonat o retragere de aproximativ 10 km pe dealurile Longstop și Bou Aoukaz. Pe 10 decembrie, tancurile Axei au atacat pozițiile aliate de la Bou Aoukaz, dar s-au împotmolit în noroiul din zonă. Tancurile americane au contraatacat, dar au pierdut 18 blindate. Allfrey considera că trupele de sub comanda sa sunt în continuare într-o poziție nefavorabilă, și a ordonat o retragere spre vest, astfel că la sfârșitul zilei de 10 decembrie, unitățile aliate erau plasate pe o linie defensivă le est de Medjez el Bab. Șirul de înfrângeri îi costase pe aliați mii de soldați – morți, răniți și prizonieri – 173 de  tancuri, 432 alte vehicule și 170 de piese de artilerie.

Eșecul ofensivei Aliate de la sfârșitul anului
Aliații au început să pregătească un nou atac, care a fost gata pentru a fi declanșat la sfârșitul lunii decembrie 1942. În regiune au fost concentrați 54.000 de soldați britanici, 73.8000 americani și 7.000 francezi. Serviciile aliate de informații au apreciat că Axa dispune de 125.000 de soldați combatanți, 70.000 de soldați din trupele de sprijin, cei mai multe italiene.

În noaptea de 16-17 decembrie, o companie din  Divizia I-a de infanterie americană a efectuat un raid încununat cu succes la Maknassy, la 250 km sud de Tunis, și a luat 21 de prizonieri germani. Atacul principal aliat a fost declanșat pe 22 decembrie, în ciuda ploii puternice și a unei acoperiri aeriene insuficiente. Inițial, aliații au înaintat și au cucerit dealul Longstop (270m), care controla albia râului care ducea de la Medjez la Tebourba și mai departe la Tunis. Pe 23 decembrie, elementele Diviziei a 10-a Panzer fuseseră împinse spre est până la Mejdez. Germanii au contraatacat însă, au cucerit dealul Longstop. Până pe 25 decembrie, cu munițiile pe sfârșite și cu forțele Axei în ofensivă, aliații au fost obligați să se retragă spre Medjez și până pe 26 decembrie au fost obligați să se reîntoarcă pe pozițiile de pe care porniseră cu două săptămâni mai înainte. Aliații au suferit pierderi totale de 20.743 de oameni.

Ofensiva aliată spre Tunis a fost oprită.

Impasul

Odată cu scăderea intensității luptelor pe front, au apărut luptele fratricide în rândurile francezilor. Pe 24 decembrie, François Darlan fost asasinat, iar, în locul lui, americanii l-au impus la comandă pe Henri Giraud. Charles de Gaulle a fost dezamăgit într-o oarecare măsură, el sperând să preia comanda trupelor din Africa.

Spre nemulțumirea lui de Gaulle și a sprijinitorilor săi, guvernul american dorise foarte mult să ajungă la o înțelegere cu Darlan și apropiații acestuia. Dispariția lui Darlan a fost în beneficiul Forțelor Franceze Libere, care, sub conducerea unită a lui de                Gaulle și Giraud, au format "Comitetul Francez pentru Eliberarea Națională". De Gaulle l-a eclipsat repede pe Giraud, care s-a arătat mult mai puțin interesat de poziția de lider a Franței Libere.

La rândul lor, și forțele Axei aveau probleme asemănătoare. Nehring, considerat de mulți camarazi un comandant excelent, își înfuria superiorii cu criticile sale vehemente. El a fost înlocuit de la comandă de un general-colonel nou sosit în Africa – Hans-Jürgen von Arnim – pe 8 decembrie pentru a prelua Armatei a 5-a Panzer. Armate era de fapt un conglomerat de unități de blindate și infanterie germane și italiene. Între noiembrie și ianuarie, peste 243.000 de soldați și 856.000 t de provizii au fost transportate în Tunisia, în condițiile în care marina militară italiană reușeau să interzică cea mai mare parte a traficului aliat.

Eisenhower a hotărât să transfere restul forțelor din Maroc și Algeria în Tunisia. Armata SUA a început să construiască un complex de baze logistice în Algeria și Tunisia. Scopul acestui efort era constituirea unei baze avansate la Maknassy, pe pantele de est ale Munților Atlas, de unde se putea porni un atac care să taie liniile de aprovizionare a Armatei Panzer germano-italiană din sud de Tunis.

Atacul lui Rommel de la Kasserine

Între timp, Erwin Rommel a făcut planuri de retragere prin Libia spre fortificațiile franceze abandonate de pe Linia Mareth. Această manevră ar fi lăsat trupelor Axei controlul asupra două puncte de acces obligatoriu în Tunisia în nord și sud, cu pasurile montane ușor de apărat între aceste două puncte. În ianuarie, armata de blindate germano-italiană de sub comanda lui Giovani Messe și Armata a 5-a Panzer au fost trecute sub comanda directă a lui Rommel, pentru a forma "Grupul de Armate Africa".

Pe 23 ianuarie 1943, Armata a 8-a Aliată a cucerit Tripoli, în timp ce restul armatei germano-italiene era deja pe drum spre Linia Mareth.

Americanii au reușit să traverseze pasurile montane și să intre în Tunisia din Algeria, controlând triunghiul munților Atlas. Astfel, americanii amenințau Armata I italiană de la Mareth cu izolarea față de restul trupelor din nord. Rommel a reacționat și a atacat mai înainte ca să se petreacă izolarea italienilor.

Pe 30 ianuarie, unități de tancuri germane și trei divizii italiene au atacat forțele franceze de lângă Faïd, principalul pas montan spre câmpiile litorale. Francezii au fost depășiți, iar germanii au reușit să încercuiască două brigăzi americane. În sprijinul acestora au fost organizate mai multe contraatacuri, care au fost respinse pe rând. După trei zile de luptă, forțele Aliate au fost obligate să se retragă spre Sbeitla, unde au organizat o nouă linie defensivă.

Germanii și italienii au început pregătirile pentru cucerirea orășelului Sbeitla. După două zile de lupte, începând cu miezul nopții de 16 februarie 1943, apărarea aliată a început să se clatine, iar, pe 17 aprilie, Sbeitla a trecut în mâinile germano-italienilor. Astfel, toate câmpiile interioare tunisiene erau în mâinile Axei, iar resturile forțelor Aliate s-au retras spre ramura vestică a munților, în Algeria, la Sbiba și Kasserine. În acest moment, germanii trebuiau să alegă varianta de urmat, în condițiile în care toată Tunisia era sub controlul lor și Armata a 8-a încă nu sosise de la Tripoli. Ofensiva germano-italiană a încetat, chiar dacă americanii se retrăgeau în dezordine.  Până în cele din urmă, Rommel a decis doar să ocupe bazele de aprovizionare americane de pe versantul vestic al munților. Deși asta nu ar fi schimbat în mod simțitor situația armatelor sale, pierderea bazelor de aprovizionare împiedica orice viitoare acțiune americană în regiune.

Pe 19 februarie 1943, Rommel a lansat ofensiva care avea să fie cunoscută ca "Bătălia de la Pasul Kasserine". După două zile de înaintare prin liniile defensive americane, Afrika Korps și trupele italiene au suferit pierderi reduse, în vreme ce americanii au pierdut aproximativ 1.600 de oameni și două treimi din blindate. În noaptea de 2 februarie  1943, în sprijinul americanilor au sosit trupele britanice, care au fost retrase din regiunea Sbiba. Două batalioane experimentate de bersaglieri au atacat atât pozițiile britanicilor cât și pe cele americane, respinse după lupte grele. A doua zi, atacul germanilor împotriva americanilor a fost oprit numai după sosirea în sprijinul defensivei a unor batalioane de artilerie americane.

În fața defensivei hotărâte și în condițiile în care a aflat de sosirea Armatei a 8-a Aliate la Medeine, la câțiva kilometri de Linia Mareth, Rommel a decis să oprească atacul și să se retragă pe 22 februarie pentru întărirea apărării de la Mareth. El a sperat ca atacurile de la Kasserine să fi cauzat suficiente pierderi americanilor încât să-i împiedice să mai atace în viitorul imediat. Forțele Axei de la Kesserine au ajuns la Mareth pe 25 februarie.

Urmările luptei de la Pasul Kasserine

Amploarea acțiunilor de luptă  a scăzut pentru o vreme, și fiecare parte a evaluat rezultatele luptelor. Rommel a rămas convins că americanii reprezintă o amenințare neglijabilă, în schimb trupele britanice și ale Commonwealthului îi erau egale ca număr și dotare. El a făcut o judecată greșită, care avea să-l coste. Americanii au făcut o evaluare a situației, au eliberat din posturile de comandă mai mulți ofițeri și au publicat mai multe studii aspra situației destinate trupei, în speranța că vor îmbunătăți pe viitor situația. Cea mai importantă schimbare la vârf a fost numirea la comanda trupelor americane a generalului George Patton, avându-l ca adjunct pe Omar N. Bradley. Noul comandant a schimbat tactica împrăștierii trupelor pe o arie prea mare. În schimb, trupele americane trebuiau concentrate pentru a asigura superioritatea numerică locală și pentru a crește puterea de foc a unităților, ceea ar fi dus la exploatarea mai eficientă a marii puteri de foc a artileriei proprii. Patton a sesizat că americanii s-au bucurat de un sprijin aerian insuficient și deși a încercat îmbunătățirea situației, o schimbare de proporții în acest domeniu nu s-a produs până la Debarcarea din Normandia.

Pentru o mai bună coordonare a acțiunilor celor două armate din Tunisia, Eisenhower a trecut Armatele I și a VIII-a sub comanda reunită a generalului Harold Alexander, comandantul Grupului de Armate al 18-lea.

Operațiunea Capri
Armata a 8-a aliată își consolida pozițiile la Mareth încă de pe 17 februarie și a lansat atacuri de tatonare nouă zile mai târziu. Pe 6 martie, trei divizii blindate și două divizii de infanterie germane și nouă divizii italiene au lansat Operațiunea Capri, un atac spre sud pe direcția  Medenine, cel mai nordic punct britanic întărit. Artileria britanică a reușit să stopeze înaintarea germană și să scoată din luptă 55 de atacuri ale Axei.

După eșecul operațiunii Capri, Rommel a ajuns la concluzia că singura șansă a sa să-și salveze trupele era evacuarea lor în Italia. El a plecat pe calea aerului din Tunisia pe 9 martie și s-a dus la cartierul general al Führerului din Ucraina pentru a încerca să-l convingă pe Hitler să-i permită să abandoneze Tunisia și să-și retragă trupele în Europa. Hitler a refuzat să permită evacuarea din Tunisia și l-a înlocuit de la comandă pe Rommel, numind un nou comandant – von Arnim.

Montgomery străpunge Linia Mareth
Montgomery și-a lansat principalul său atac – Operațiunea Pugilist – împotriva Liniei Mareth pe 19-20 martie 1943. Elemente ale Diviziei a 50-a britanică au spart frontul inamic și a stabilit un cap de pod la vest de Zarat până pe 21 martie. Contraatacurile hotărâte ale germanilor a restabilit situați de pe linia frontului pe 22 martie.

Pe 26 martie, Corpul al X-lea britanic a reușit un atac de învăluire, ocolind dealurile Matmata, cucerind trecătoarea Tebaga și cucerind orașul El Hamma la extremitatea nordică a Liniei Mareth. Această reușită făcea ca pozițiile defensive germano-italiene să fie puse în pericol de încercuire. Forțele Axei au reușit să oprească înaintarea britanică datorită bateriilor antitanc bine plasate. Au urmat 48 de ore de luptă, în care germanii au încercat să câștige suficient timp pentru a-și pregăti retragerea pe un nou aliniament la 60 km nord de Mareth – linia defensivă de la Wadi Akarit - Gabes.

Linia defensivă Gabes

În acest moment, trupele americane reorganizate au început să forțeze din nou trecerea prin pasurile montane în încercarea de a ajunge în spatele liniilor germane. Unitățile de tancuri germane au încercat să-i respingă înapoi în regiunea muntoasă, și cele două forțe s-au ciocnit pe 23 martie la El Guettar. După un succes inițial, tancurile germane au pătruns într-un câmp minat. În acel moment, artileria americană a deschis focul. Germanii au pierdut 30 de tancuri și au fost nevoiți să se retragă în grabă. În după-amiaza aceleiași zile, tancurile germane, de această dată sprijinite de infanterie, au încercat un al doilea atac, respins și acesta. Resturile trupelor germane s-au întors la Gabes.

Americanii nu au fost capabili să exploateze avantajul eșecului german, în schimb au petrecut două săptămâni pentru cucerirea unor dealuri strategice deținute de italieni, înălțimi care dominau drumul spre Gabes. Infanteriștii italieni de pe înălțimi erau sprijiniți de mici subunități de tancuri germane, care veneau în sprijinul apărării de la Gabes. Succesul apărării trupelor Axei s-a datorat slabei coordonări dintre trupele terestre și cele aeriene ale Aliaților.

Atacurile neîntrerupte ale americanilor au forțat în cele din urmă trupele germano-italiene să se retragă spre nord. Infanteria marină italiană, fortificată la Wadi Akarit, având la dispoziție o mare cantitate de arme automate și muniție, au reușit să reziste multă vreme. Totuși britanicii au reușit în cele din urmă să le depășească pozițiile, cu mari pierderi pentru ambele tabere.

Și atacul american a fost încununat de succes, ei reușind să cucerească dealurile și să facă joncțiunea cu britanicii care intraseră deja în Gabes în acea după-amiază.

După acest moment s-au desfășurat numai lupte de uzură.

Sfârșitul

Între timp, avioanele aliate au fost mutate pe aeroporturi din Tunisia și numeroase avioane de transport germane au fost doborâte pe ruta Tunis-Sicilia. Distrugătoarele  britanice, care operau din bazele din Malta au oprit orice aprovizionare sau evacuare pe calea apelor a trupelor Axei din Tunisia. Amiralul Cunningham a dat ordinul nelsonian: "Scufundați, incendiați, capturați, distrugeți. Nu lăsați să treacă nimic".

Atacul final pentru cucerirea Tunisiei a început pe 19 aprilie. Până în acel moment, forțele germano-italiene au fost obligate să se poziționeze pe o linie defensivă pe coasta de nord-est a Tunisiei, în încercarea de a-și apăra porturile și căile maritime de aprovizionare și retragere. Forțele aliate au fost reorganizate și reamplasate. Americanii au fost transferați în nord pentru atacul pe direcția Bizerta. Britanicii urmau să atace în centru spre Tunis. Francezii erau plasați în sectorul Pont du Fahs. Britanicii au încercat câteva atacuri la nord de Enfidaville, pe malul Mediteranei, dar au descoperit rapid că zona era prea puternic apărată. Atacanții britanici au fost transferați în centru, pentru asaltul final.  Un corespondent de război britanic remarca că, în faza finală a luptelor din Tunisia "… s-a remarcat că italienii luptau în mod special mai bine, depășindu-i pe germanii aflați alături de ei".

În timp ce Aliații se pregăteau pentru un nou atac, germanii au testat centrul frontului deținut de britanici, printru-un atac al Diviziei Hermann Göering (20 – 21 aprilie). Deși germanii au reușit să înainteze aproximativ 8 km, ei nu i-au putut forța pe britanici să se retragă. Pe 22 aprilie, britanicii au contraatacat. Pierderile au fost foarte ridicate de ambele părți, dar britanicii au reușit la începutul lui mai să recucerească dealul Longstop. A doua zi, toate forțele aliate au atacat pe toată lungimea frontului.

Atacul final a fost lansat de britanicii conduși de generalul-locotenent Brian Horrocks pe 6 mai. Două divizii de infanterie și două de blindate s-au concentrat pe un front îngust și au reușit să străpungă liniile inamice. Pe 7 mai, blindatele britanice au intrat în Tunis, iar infanteria americană a intrat în Bizerte. Șase zile mai  târziu, rezistența trupelor Axei a înceta, iar 275.000 de soldați germano-italieni s-au predat, unii dintre ei veniți de puțină vreme din Sicilia.

După cum afirmă istoricul Williamson A. Murray:  "Decizia de întări Africa de nord a fost una dintre cele mai grave erori ale lui Hitler: firește, ea a ținut Mediterana închisă pentru șase luni, cu un impact negativ asupra situației transporturilor navale aliate, dar a plasat unele dintre cele mai bune trupe germane într-o poziție fără perspectivă din care, ca și la Stalingrad, ele nu mai aveau scăpare. Mai mult, Hitler a obligat Luftwaffe să ducă o luptă de uzură în condiții defavorabile, ceea ce a dus la pierderi pe care nu a avut cum să le acopere".

Lupta disperată a trupelor Axei nu a făcut decât să întârzie o victorie previzibilă a Aliaților. După cucerirea nordului Africii, Aliații au început să se concentreze pe următoarele faze: cucerirea Siciliei și invazia din Italia.

Vezi și

 Afrika Korps
 Erwin Rommel
 Hans-Jürgen von Arnim.

Bibliografie

Note

Legături externe
 Raportul italian cu privire la capturarea celor 300 de parașutiști britanici de unitatea de bersaglieri
 The Green Howards Regimental History, - Bill Cheall's Story

Tunisia
Tunisia
Tunisia
Tunisia
Tunisia
Tunisia
Campanii militare

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Expertise in RFID and Connected Products in favor of the "Smart Manufacturing"
Our company has acquired a real expertise in the field of RFID technology, capitalizing 20 years of experience in the sectors of Energy, Petrochemical, Aerospace, Automotive, etc.
With more than 200 RFID solutions deployed in the industry, we owned knowledge of our customers' business and particularly about the management of connected products and their specificities (periodic inspections, regulations of monitoring and traceability, etc.), we implement RFID solutions for Supply Chain, Manufacturing, Maintenance and Operations, responding to issues and challenges of industrial worried to increase their performance in terms of productivity, quality and security.
By connecting industries to the Internet of Things, our company brings the industry in the "Smart Manufacturing" era, providing a total real-time visibility of logistics, production and maintenance processes by connecting the physical environment plant through RFID technology.
A range of RFID industrial products connected to the heart of the "Smart Manufacturing"
Nexess has designed and developed innovative RFID solutions responding to industrial problems and issues concerned to improve their productivity, reduce costs and ensure the level of quality in their Logistics, Production, Maintenance and Operations process.
We allow industries to connect their equipment and physical facilities through RFID technology, so that they have complete and real-time visibility of their processes, by connecting the physical environment of the factory.
Smart RFID Cabinets for management, real-time inventory and distribution of equipment (tools, tablets, safety equipment, etc.) closest to the production line / assembly.
Smart RFID Counter for the management and semi-automatic distribution of equipment (tools, metrology equipment, safety equipment, etc. . ) at the entrance of central stores / warehouses for example.
RFID Applications for connected products for management, control and real-time inventory of materials in the field: containers, fire extinguishers, spare parts, etc.
RFID Portals for automatic detection of connected products movements at the exit of a workshop or store.
NexCap® software platform to supervise, read, store and manage all information and data traceability of the movements of connected products remotely. Connected to the information system of the company, this platform provides a comprehensive view of datas.
NEXESS, leader of connected objects in the Industry, implements RFID solutions for the Supply Chain, Manufacturing, Maintenance and Operations in the areas of Energy and Aerospace Industries.


text:
BIO AND PHOTOS
TV PLACEMENTS
Bamtone
Original music from Bamtone's diverse and ever growing catalogue - which currently sits at an impressive 3,700 tracks - has been featured on a plethora of critically acclaimed TV series such as Modern Family, Shameless, The Flash, Wahlburgers, Ride with Norman Reedus, All American, The Dude Perfect Show, Lizzy Borden Diaries, Chicago Fire, The Vet Life, as well as countless independent films and commercials worldwide.
An ever-consummate song writing professional based in Toronto, Canada, Bamtone has been blazing his own trail as a composer for nearly a decade and is in constant demand for creating and producing impactful music for almost any genre or project, sought out regularly by collaborators and music supervisors around the world.
A Nova Scotia native and graduate from the Percussion Institute of Technology in Hollywood, CA, Bamtone is a multi-instrumentalists and vocalist whose music continues to achieve international success.


McAfee uses an army of test computers to literally test the Web for everything from spam to spyware to phishing to viruses. When you install SiteAdvisor software, we add small site rating icons to your search results as well as a browser button. Together, these alert you to potentially risky sites and help you find safer alternatives.


text:
JURY-INTERVIEWS
2020 Grand Jury Point of View: Tracey O'Halloran
Tracey O'Halloran is a London based, multi-award-winning filmmaker and scriptwriter who has worked across television, commercials and corporate films.
NYF TV & Film Awards | October 16, 2019
New York Festivals Television & Film Awards Grand Jury 2020 Interview profiles prominent award-winning Broadcast executives from around the globe. As industry leaders, they understand the elements that go into creating compelling award-winning nonfiction content.
Tracey O'Halloran is a London based, multi-award-winning filmmaker and scriptwriter who has worked across television, commercials and corporate films. In 2019 she won a Grand Award and Best Direction at the New York Festivals Film and TV awards, as well as the Grand Prix Award at the 2018 Cannes Corporate Media Film & TV Awards, making her the first British filmmaker to win the Cannes Grand Prix. Winner of over 30 film awards, Tracey has experience producing and directing drama, documentary, animation and comedy, always striving to find the best way to tell a story with humor and emotion. Passionate about social issues, her films have been used to champion change, raise awareness and shed a spotlight on the most vulnerable in society.
NYF: How do you think to be an award winner yourself will help evaluate this year's submission?
Tracey O'Halloran: As a Grand award winner I know that it's not necessarily the glossiest or the most expensive films that will win over the judges, so I'll be looking for entries that are creative, original and bold in their storytelling and execution. I want to be able to look at a film and say, 'Wow, I wish I'd made that' and be mad that I didn't.
NYF: Where do you see the industry evolving in the next 5 years?
Tracey O'Halloran: The industry is undergoing lots of change at the moment so it's difficult to predict the future. Where I hope it will evolve is to achieve gender equality behind the camera. I was delighted to win Best Direction at last year's awards but we're still a long way to achieving 50/50 parity behind the lens. We need to see the perspective of a much more diverse range of people to truly reflect the world around us.
NYF: What are the biggest challenges facing content creators in today's world?
Tracey O'Halloran: Due to phones and social media, everyone's a producer so we need to find ways to stand out and show that we offer creative, high-quality content that can cut through the noise. And in fake news, post-truth world, people need to be able to trust us.
Keeping up with the pace of change and adapting to it, whether, from technology, distribution or audience viewing habits will also be an ongoing challenge. We're already seeing technology disrupt other industries so why should TV and film be any different? We'll need to invest in equipment and brilliant, creative people to navigate this brave new world.
NYF: What would you love to do as your next project?
Tracey O'Halloran: It's been an absolute privilege to make emotive, award-winning films that shed light on some serious issues. I'll never shy away from these projects as they're my passion, but I think I'd like to make a film that makes people laugh instead of cry. I work with some phenomenally talented people so we're always ready for a new, creative challenge! Now more than ever the world needs to smile and feel joy.
For more information or to enter the New York Festivals TV & Film Awards, please visit: www.newyorkfestivals.com/tvfilm/ or view the 2019 Winners Showcase.
Content POV: Sergio Mendoza, VP of Scripted Development, Telemundo Global Studios
New York, New York – January 24, 2023
NYF Radio Awards Content POV takes a closer look at the creative world of content developement with award-winning Telemundo executive, Sergio Mendoza. 2023 NYF Radio Awards Grand Jury member Sergio..
TVF Awards
New York Festivals TV & Film Awards Announces 2023 Grand Jury
New York, NY – January 12, 2023
New York, NY – January 12, 2023: New York Festivals® TV & Film Awards announced the 2023 Grand Jury. The 2023 Television & Film Awards Grand Jury is populated with 170+ inte..
Pete Stevenson, Director of The Edge Picture Company Joins New York Festivals TV & Film Awards Advisory Board
New York, NY – December 13, 2022
New York, NY – December 14 2022: New York Festivals® TV & Film Awards announced the addition of Pete Stevenson, Executive Director of The Edge Picture Company to the 2023 TV & ..
TV & Film Awards
Jodain Massad, NFL Films Director, Development & Innovation, Joins New York Festivals TV & Film Awards Advisory Board
New York, NY – October 19, 2022
New York Festivals® TV & Film Awards 2023 competition welcomes Jodain Massad to the TV & Film Advisory Board. "The 16-member Advisory Board panel is an international brain t..
Media Center Info
Press inquiries should be directed to Gayle Mandel:
E: Gayle.Mandel@NewYorkFestivals.com


The SIM Card that gives you the talktime, SMS and data you need to stay connected.
Bring along your order ID and passport to our retail shops located conveniently to pick up your hi!Tourist SIM Card after you have arrived in Singapore.
Self-collection at Changi Airport is not available for your online order at the moment. If you would like to make a purchase at Changi Airport instead, you may proceed to any of the Travelex Currency Exchange Counters located in Terminals 1, 2, 3 and 4.


Negative stories about Brodie Van Wagenen came fast and furious when he became the Mets new GM. But since then, he's been making all the right moves, with more to come.
With the Mets, sometimes it's the little things that matter most. So, when Brodie Van Wagenen made a pit stop in Arizona on his way to the GM meetings in California to have dinner with Mets prospect, Peter Alonso, the gesture gave pause to feel something new in the team's way of doing business.
This, in the face of the Mets previous front office regime essentially ignoring the explosive bat of Alonso in favor of concentrating their efforts and hype on the floundering Dominic Smith, checks one box in favor of Van Wagenen's resume with the Mets.
Ignoring the valid criticism of Alonso's fielding at first base, Van Wagenen has all but handed the job to the rookie in Spring Training and beyond. The kid will improve his fielding while giving the Mets some much-needed run-scoring punch in their anemic lineup.
Similarly, according to a report by CBS Sports, Brodie Van Wagenen has also "penciled in" Jeff McNeil as the Mets starting second baseman based on his performance in the second half of the 2018 season.
One might have cause to wonder where this leaves the manager of the New York Mets, Mickey Callaway, but that's a whole other story.
The Era Of Good Feelings being ushered in by Van Wagenen is soon to be felt in another way when he goes toe to toe with the Wilpons, lobbying for a contract extension for Jacob deGrom. As the first test for Van Wagenen to get the Wilpons to reach into their pockets, Brodie Van Wagenen will make the same arguments he would have as deGrom's agent.
Signing deGrom is good for the team, it's a catalyst for continued fan interest, and above all else, it shows the baseball world the Mets are following a new path with how they treat their star players, especially pitchers. Remarkably, there's still a contingent of Mets fans who will never forgive the Mets for trading Tom Seaver or letting Nolan Ryan go.
Basically, deGrom's extension should be a slam dunk for Van Wagenen, especially given the public relations ($) value of the team sporting this year's Cy Young in the National League.
The next trick Van Wagenen will need to sell is getting the Mets to do another Bernie Madoff with their money. That is, invest now to improve the team in anticipation of recouping that money at a later time. This has to do with as much as $33 million the Mets are likely to be due when they claim insurance monies on David Wright and Yoenis Cespedes.
Wright is a foregone conclusion, and it's only a matter of the lawyers getting together on a settlement. Cespedes is forecasted to be out for at least the first half of the season, leaving the Mets eligible to claim their loss. But the trick will be if the Mets can do a Yankees-like Jacoby Ellsbury disappearing act (all within the rules), keeping Cespedes away from the team for the entire season, making the Mets eligible to collect up to 75% of Cespedes's salary.
Convincing the Wilpons to think ahead with their money is a challenge Van Wagenen will need to accept and do battle on, using this money to sign a couple of free agents, plus trading off the useless surplus like Jay Bruce and the brittle Juan Lagares, while eating some of the money in their contracts to get a decent return.
As with any newly hired GM, the clock is ticking on the honeymoon Brodie Van Wagenen will have with the Mets. He's corralled the confidence of two young players in Alonso and McNeil, and all accounts indicate DeGrom still holds a good deal of respect for him.


You can't buy one at your local car dealer, but electric transit buses have a significant role to play in reducing vehicular emissions and expanding the spread of electric-vehicle technology.
Two companies have a majority of the U.S. market for electric buses, which is growing quickly if perhaps more quietly than that for electric cars.
The U.S. company Proterra has 60 percent of the market for such vehicles, and now it has a new backer.
BMW i Ventures, the venture-investment arm of German luxury carmaker BMW, announced today that it had taken a minority stake in Proterra.
"Proterra's mission is to eliminate the dependency on fossil fuels," the company said in a release, "and significantly reduce operating costs for transit providers in communities across North America."
To date, Proterra has sold more than 400 electric buses to cities and regions willing to innovate in their public transport.
This list includes Seattle, Philadelphia, Foothill (Greater Los Angeles), Dallas, Nashville, San Jose, and Reno.
"We're incredibly grateful to our new investors," said Ryan Popple, Proterra's CEO, "and are proud to call them partners."
He termed this year and next "an extremely exciting time" at the electric-bus maker, saying that customers, investors, and Proterra's supporters "rally behind our vision for a clean, electric transportation ecosystem."
The mission of BMW i Ventures has been to make strategic investments in small or startup companies that offer technologies to "transform mobility and transportation" to advance the business goals of the large luxury-car maker globally.
"Proterra is pushing the transit industry forward," said Zach Barasz, Partner at BMW i Ventures, "with the most innovative heavy-duty electric bus."
Indeed, the economics of operating huge, heavy transit buses that cover hundreds of thousands of miles on grid electricity are in some ways more favorable than the savings that accrue to individual car buyers in the retail market.
By some estimates, the next 10 years could see a majority of the world's urban transit buses switch from diesel fuel to grid power—with savings on running costs as well as major emission reductions the reason.


Here is the NAFLD fibrosis score formula for you to calculate the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease activity score. This NAFLD index formula will be very useful while predicting the hepatic steatosis disease based on routinely available determinations. Replace the variables in the formula with the corresponding values and do the operations as guided by the formula to get the NAFLD fibrosis index. For impaired fasting glucose / diabetes status of 'yes', use '1' and for 'no', use '0'.
Feel free to try this NAFLD fibrosis score formula to estimate the amount of scarring in the liver and take suitable measures to reduce the severity of the disease.


text:
Q: does spring batch framework support teradata? I have to write a batch job which will have as its source, a Teradata DB & as target, a Postgres DB using Spring batch framework. Could anyone let me know or refer me to a tutorial on how to achieve this, if at all its possible?
If not, what are the other options I could explore in order to do this?
UPDATE
I have a spring batch job, trying to make it work with Oracle(Source) & Postgres(Target), later I will be changing the source to Teradata. However, I am getting below error, which i assume is due to, the fact that job sequences are being looked up in the Oracle DB(where the sequences cant be created, as the DB user has Read Only access). How do I make the Job, create the sequences in the target DB(Postgres)?
Errors:
at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.JobLauncherCommandLineRunner.executeLocalJobs(JobLauncherCommandLineRunner.java:227)
at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.JobLauncherCommandLineRunner.launchJobFromProperties(JobLauncherCommandLineRunner.java:121)
at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.JobLauncherCommandLineRunner.run(JobLauncherCommandLineRunner.java:115)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.runCommandLineRunners(SpringApplication.java:672)
... 5 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.sql.SQLException: ORA-02289: sequence does not exist

at oracle.jdbc.driver.DatabaseError.throwSqlException(DatabaseError.java:112)
at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4CTTIoer.processError(T4CTTIoer.java:331)
at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4CTTIoer.processError(T4CTTIoer.java:288)
at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4C8Oall.receive(T4C8Oall.java:745)
at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4CStatement.doOall8(T4CStatement.java:210)
at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4CStatement.executeForDescribe(T4CStatement.java:804)
at oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleStatement.executeMaybeDescribe(OracleStatement.java:1049)
at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4CStatement.executeMaybeDescribe(T4CStatement.java:845)
at oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleStatement.doExecuteWithTimeout(OracleStatement.java:1154)
at oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleStatement.executeQuery(OracleStatement.java:1313)
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.incrementer.AbstractSequenceMaxValueIncrementer.getNextKey(AbstractSequenceMaxValueIncrementer.java:69)
... 40 common frames omitted

2016-08-12 12:34:57.467  INFO 11660 --- [main]    s.c.a.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Closing   org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@1cea91    b: startup date [Fri Aug 12 12:34:22 IST 2016]; root of context hierarchy
2016-08-12 12:34:57.469  INFO 11660 --- [main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter          : Unregistering JMX-exposed beans on shutdown

** BatchConfiguration.java **
@Configuration
@EnableBatchProcessing
@ComponentScan(basePackageClasses = MyBatchConfigurer.class)
public class BatchConfiguration {

@Autowired
public JobBuilderFactory jobBuilderFactory;

@Autowired
public StepBuilderFactory stepBuilderFactory;

@Autowired
@Qualifier("oracleDBDataSource")
public DataSource dataSource1;

@Autowired
@Qualifier("postgresDataSource")
public DataSource dataSource2;

//Read an Event from oracle DB
@Bean
public ItemReader<Event> reader(){

    JdbcCursorItemReader<Event> databaseReader = new JdbcCursorItemReader<>();
    String sqlQ = "select * from test_event";
    databaseReader.setDataSource(dataSource1);
    databaseReader.setSql(sqlQ);
    databaseReader.setRowMapper(new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(Event.class));
    return databaseReader;
}
//EventItemProcessor
@Bean
public EventItemProcessor processor() {

    return new EventItemProcessor();
}

@Bean
public JdbcBatchItemWriter<Event> writer() {

    JdbcBatchItemWriter<Event> writer = new JdbcBatchItemWriter<Event>();
    writer.setItemSqlParameterSourceProvider(new BeanPropertyItemSqlParameterSourceProvider<Event>());
    writer.setSql("insert into EVENTS (event_id, event_title, event_start_date, event_end_date, event_type,need_offline_sync, event_status, created_by, created_date, last_updated_by,last_updated_date) VALUES (:event_id, :event_title, :event_start_date, :event_end_date, :event_type,:need_offline_sync, :event_status, :created_by, :created_date, :last_updated_by, :last_updated_date)");
    writer.setDataSource(dataSource2);
    return writer;
}
//Postgres Data source for Target
@Bean(name="postgresDataSource")
public DataSource postgresDataSource() throws SQLException {

    final SimpleDriverDataSource dataSource = new SimpleDriverDataSource();
    dataSource.setDriver(new org.postgresql.Driver());
    dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/batch");
    dataSource.setUsername("batch");
    dataSource.setPassword("batch");
    return dataSource;
}

//Oracle Data source for source

@Primary
@Bean(name="oracleDBDataSource")
public DataSource oracleDBDataSource() throws SQLException {

    final SimpleDriverDataSource dataSource = new SimpleDriverDataSource();
    dataSource.setDriver(new oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver());  //(new oracle.jdbc.pool.OracleDataSource());
    dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:oracle:thin:@xxxxxxx.com:1521/xxxxx");
    dataSource.setUsername("xxxx");
    dataSource.setPassword("xxxxx");
    return dataSource;
}

@Bean
public JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate(final DataSource dataSource) {

    return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
}

@Bean
public JobExecutionListener listener() {

    return new JobCompletionNotificationListener(new JdbcTemplate(dataSource2));
}

// end::listener[]

// tag::jobstep[]
@Bean
public Job importUserJob() {

    return jobBuilderFactory.get("importUserJob")
            .incrementer(new RunIdIncrementer())
            .listener(listener())
            .flow(step1())
            .end()
            .build();
}

@Bean
public Step step1() {

    return stepBuilderFactory.get("step1")
            .<Event, Event> chunk(10)
            .reader(reader())
            .processor(processor())
            .writer(writer())
            .build();
}
// end::jobstep[]

}

A: Your question is very broad and shows very little research effort. Nevertheless, it is possible to configure a database reader and a database writer in a spring batch job.
You will have to configure two datasources (the source datasource being your Teradata DB and the target datasource being your Postgres DB). See this question and answer for information how to do this using Spring Batch:  Use of multiple DataSources in Spring Batch
Then you have to create a reader with the source datasource and a writer with the target datasource.
Slightly adjusted the standard Spring Batch Boot tutorial to your situation:
@Configuration
@EnableBatchProcessing
public class BatchConfiguration {

    @Autowired
    public JobBuilderFactory jobBuilderFactory;

    @Autowired
    public StepBuilderFactory stepBuilderFactory;

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("source")
    public DataSource source;

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("target")
    public DataSource target;

    @Bean
    public ItemReader<Person> reader() {
        JdbcCursorItemReader<Person> reader = new JdbcCursorItemReader<Person>();
        String sql = "select * from Person";
        reader.setSql(sql);
        reader.setDataSource(source);
        reader.setRowMapper(rowMapper());
        return reader;
    }

    @Bean
    public JdbcBatchItemWriter<Person> writer() {
        JdbcBatchItemWriter<Person> writer = new JdbcBatchItemWriter<Person>();
        writer.setItemSqlParameterSourceProvider(new BeanPropertyItemSqlParameterSourceProvider<Person>());
        writer.setSql("INSERT INTO people (first_name, last_name) VALUES (:firstName, :lastName)");
        writer.setDataSource(target);
        return writer;
    }

    @Bean
    public Job yourJob() {
        return jobBuilderFactory.get("yourJob")
                .incrementer(new RunIdIncrementer())
                .flow(step1())
                .end()
                .build();
    }

    @Bean
    public Step step1() {
        return stepBuilderFactory.get("step1")
                .<Person, Person> chunk(10)
                .reader(reader())
                .writer(writer())
                .build();
    }
}

For the rest of the configuration of this example please checkout https://spring.io/guides/gs/batch-processing/ and for more detailed explanation checkout this tutorial http://www.codingpedia.org/ama/spring-batch-tutorial-with-spring-boot-and-java-configuration/ (you can find an example of a RowMapper there as well)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This 3-bedroom, 2-bathroom single-family home features a flexible floorplan and bright spaces offering endless possibilities. Enjoy extra space with an all-seasons addition. Spend warm days enjoying the deck and fenced rear yard, then cozy up next to the gas fireplace when it cools down. Newer roof, hot water heater, heat pump, washer, dishwasher and beautiful flooring. A Terminix 3-year treatment was completed1.5 years ago. Radon mitigation was completed in 2012.


Built by US superyacht yard Palmer Johnson to Lloyd's class, she was delivered in 2005 and designed by Nuvolari Lenard design team. MCA compliant, she offers a sophisticated interior sleeping up to eight guests in a master suite and two matching double staterooms with queen size beds and en suite facilities. The lower saloon can be converted to a fourth twin cabin with two bunk beds and an adjoining en suite shower room.
The large main saloon with oak flooring and panelling has excellent headroom, panoramic windows and relaxation and dining areas. The saloon includes a lounge and interior dining area which flow onto the deck where additional relaxation and entertainment opportunities are available. She also boasts an excellent charter record and twin 2,750hp MTU engines give her a range of 900 nautical miles.
She was entirely refitted from 2015 to 2017. This refit has seen a complete rebuilt of Master cabin and salon, complete overhaul of engines and generators as well as the 10 years class survey among other works.


text: Q: How to make the size of Dialogue fragment expand just until below the toolbar? I'd like to be able to make the dialogue fragment expand like the one in wunderlist, where the dialog takes the entire screen but doesn't overlap the toolbar.


Summer along the Grand Strand is now in full swing, and this weekend the Carolina Country Music Fest takes place, drawing tens of thousands of festival goers to watch three days of country music's biggest stars. But the music scene along the Grand Strand doesn't stop there, and even better, many of the concerts around Myrtle Beach are absolutely free to enjoy! From North Myrtle Beach to Murrells Inlet, no matter where you are along the Grand Strand, you'll have plenty of great ways to enjoy live music on your summer vacation. Be sure to check out some of these rockin' concerts on your upcoming Myrtle Beach vacation.
Each Thursday night during the summer, a great variety of live music acts will take part in the Music on Main concert series in North Myrtle Beach. Located at the Horseshoe oceanfront on South Ocean Boulevard, guests can bring a beach chair or blanket, grab a spot around the stage and enjoy the sounds of R&B, rock and, of course, beach music. Local favorite bands like the Tim Clark Band, Tru Sol, the Fantastic Shakers and Painted Man are among the scheduled acts that will delight guests from 7 PM to 9 PM each week.
Morning, noon or night, there is no bad time to visit the famous Myrtle Beach Boardwalk. But under the stars and the vibrant lights of the Myrtle Beach Skywheel, it's tough to beat a night out on the Boardwalk. That is especially true during summer when the Hot Summer Nights festival rolls along for the entire season. Nightly from Monday through Saturday, a cavalcade of strolling entertainers and live music acts will perform at the I Love Sugar stage in Plyler Park. Enjoy live music and cool ocean breezes and then check out all the great attractions of the Myrtle Beach Boardwalk after.
The Boathouse has built a reputation as the place to be on Sundays in summer with their amazing Summer Concert Series. Packing in spectators on their lawn overlooking their waterfront stage, The Boathouse offers the Grand Strand's best assortment of big acts and the nation's top tribute bands. With recent concerts featuring Colt Ford, Sir Mixx a Lot and Blessid Union of Souls, the rest of the summer is jam packed with great acts, leading all the way up to their famous Jerryfest concert, an all-day celebration of the Grateful Dead on August 5th.
For something a little more laid back among a lush, floral setting, the Cool Summer Evenings Concert Series at Brookgreen Gardens is a perfect choice! Located in Murrells Inlet, these concerts provide a fun night out while you explore all that the southern end of the Grand Strand has to offer. Concerts take place each Sunday evening all summer long from 7 PM to 9 PM and are free to attend after paying the park's normal admission fee. Bring a lawn chair, find a nice shady spot under one of Brookgreen's live oaks and enjoy the live music.
With so many great free concert options, a Myrtle Beach vacation is sure to be music to your ears. And if you have not planned your trip to Myrtle Beach yet, there is still time to book with the amazing properties of Beach Vacations! From modern golf course villas at Barefoot Resort to oceanfront Myrtle Beach condos at Atlantica Resort or Myrtle Beach Resort, we have the perfect spot for your upcoming Grand Strand getaway! Book today and don't miss out on all the fun!


text:
package com.squareup.okhttp.internal;

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * A network that always resolves two IP addresses per host. Use this when testing route selection
 * fallbacks to guarantee that a fallback address is available.
 */
public class DoubleInetAddressNetwork implements Network {
  @Override public InetAddress[] resolveInetAddresses(String host) throws UnknownHostException {
    InetAddress[] allInetAddresses = Network.DEFAULT.resolveInetAddresses(host);
    return new InetAddress[] { allInetAddresses[0], allInetAddresses[0] };
  }
}

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Columns > Tag: From The Firms
From the Firms – November 26, 2013
AE Works has been awarded a contract to provide design and engineering services to renovate and expand the existing Spinal Cord Injury & Disorders Center of Excellence (SCI&D COE) at the Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center in Richmond, Virginia. Providing critical care for veterans with spinal cord injuries, the Richmond facility is one of the largest of the 25 spinal cord injury centers in the VA Medical Center System. The project will renovate targeted areas of the existing facility and also provide a new 20,000 sf addition to optimize delivery of these specialized clinical services. Additionally, AE Works has hired Diane Glarrow, AIA as a senior project manager in the firm's Pittsburgh office. Glarrow brings over three decades of...
From the Firms – September 10, 2013
Brian Skripac, Assoc. AIA, LEED AP BD+C of Astorino had an article, "The Next Step: BIM's Role Expands as Facility Managers Take Ownership," published in the August issue of Health Facilities Management magazine. Bohlin Cywinski Jackson has been selected as the architect for the new Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science building at the Florida State University. Bringing together research studies in Meteorology, Oceanography, and GeoPhysics, this new 180,000 sf facility includes the prestigious Antarctic Marine Geology Research Facility, a one-of-a-kind facility with over 26,000 meters of Antarctic core samples. The new building will serve as an educational and research model for other Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) related projects at FSU. Responding to primary pedestrian and vehicular circulation, the...
From the Firms – June 28, 2013
Due to a rapidly expanding firm size, AE Works has relocated to East Liberty, hoping to establish the firm's roots and ties with the local community. AE Works is also serving as engineer in infrastructure upgrades at all six State Veterans' Homes in Pennsylvania, which is the final step toward achieving a uniform, all-inclusive security and elopement plan across the State Veterans' Home System. Astorino has been named as one of the nation's leading architectural and engineering firms by Engineering News-Record (ENR). The publication ranked Astorino at 426 among the country's Top 500 design firms for 2012. Chosen from more than 1,000 firms that submitted data for the survey, the Top 500 companies are ranked according to revenue for design...
From the Firms – April 26, 2013
Architectural and engineering firm AE Works has acquired the local engineering firm Lamm Engineering – Emergent Regenerative Design. Lamm Engineering founder, Bernard Lamm will join the AE Works as Director of Design. The firm has also added several new members to their team – Michael Federici, LEED AP joins the firm as a project manager; Christopher Champagne joins AE Works as a mechanical engineer; and Damon Weiss, a 15-year industry veteran and registered civil engineer, bringing a broad range of civil engineering experience, including site design, water systems, transportation solutions and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Allen & Shariff Corporation has recently promoted Anthony Molinaro, Jr., LEED GA to President of Engineering; David Price to Senior Vice President; Donald Beyer to...
From the Firms – February 28, 2013
After over two years of design and construction, a new clinic on the James E. Van Zandt VA Medical Center campus in Altoona, PA is in full operation. Designed and engineered by A|E Works, the new clinic provides rehabilitation therapy and care to Veterans. The team's design for the new addition relocates and expands physical medicine rehabilitation services and the prosthetic department. One of the project's main goals was also to make the clinic more accessible. James T. Marsili joined Allen & Shariff Engineering, LLC as a Senior Plumbing Designer. Heather Stapel, P.E., CEM, LEED AP BD+C has been hired as a Mechanical Engineer. The Construction Advancement Program of Western Pennsylvania (CAP) has named Thomas A. Landau Chairman of CAP. Landau...
Wondering where the news of the local architecture firms is? What's on the boards? Who has new hires? We're wondering too! Columns needs to hear from you! Without your news and press releases, we can't share your successes. Help us get the word out, send us your latest! Email those press releases and updates to bspevack@aiapgh.org and remember to look for a new From the Firms every month.
From the Firms – October 31, 2012
Brian Skripac, Assoc. AIA, LEED AP BC+C, Director of Digital Practice at Astorino, delivered a presentation entitled "Social Media in Architecture" at the 2012 Annual TAP Conference – the meeting of the AIA Technology in Architectural Practice Knowledge Community – that explored social media as a transformative method of communication all too often dismissed by architects. Skripac holds a Bachelor of Science in Architecture from The Ohio State University, and currently serves as a Leadership Team member for the AIA TAP Knowledge Community at the national level. Mascaro Construction Company, LP is the recipient of the 2012 American Business Ethics Award (ABEA) in the midsized company category. This national award from the Foundation for Financial Service Providers (FSP) recognizes companies...
AE Works was recently recognized as one of the 2012 Pittsburgh 100. The Pittsburgh 100 ranks the fastest-growing for-profit companies in western Pennsylvania. A newcomer to this list, AE Works is ranked as the sixth fastest growing company. Adding to this distinction, the firm is also listed as the number one fastest growing company in their market segment, which consists of the construction, real estate, and development industry. This recognition comes on the heels of the firm's fifth year in business and recent headquarters relocation. The new St. Thomas A' Becket Church, designed by Astorino, has been dedicated. The $7.3 million project includes a 750-seat worship space, parish offices, and a 100-seat day chapel. Shell space is provided on the...
From the Firms – August 31, 2012
Astorino has added three more designs to its list of LEED® certified projects, bringing the firm's number of LEED certified projects up to 21 (2 Platinum, 7 Gold, 10 Silver, and 2 Certified), totaling over 5 million sf and $1.65 billion in construction cost. Paramount Senior Living at Peters Township was awarded LEED Silver certification by the Green Building Certification Institute (GBCI). The three-story personal care home includes 96 living units, central and private dining rooms, a commercial kitchen, administrative offices, activity rooms, a dementia care unit and nurses' stations.The project attained all pre-requisites and 55 points under the LEED-NC v2009 Rating System. The Palm Beach State College Technical Education Center in Belle Glade, FL has achieved a LEED Platinum...
Astorino was recently named as one of the nation's leading architectural and engineering firms by Engineering News-Record (ENR). The publication ranked Astorino at 433 among the country's Top 500 design firms for 2012. The top 500 companies are ranked according to revenue for design services performed in 2011. Signs of the recession's end can be seen in ENR's Top 500 list. Taken as a group, the firms had overall design revenue of $85.06 billion in 2011, up 6.6%, from $79.82 billion in 2010. This uptick is reflected in Astorino's improved ranking, from 499 in the previous year to its current placement at 433. The survey marks the first time in three years that the Top 500 experienced revenue growth for...
From The Firms
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Bakırköy is a neighbourhood, municipality and district on the European side of Istanbul, Turkey. The quarter is densely populated, has a  residential character and is inhabited by an  upper middle class population. The municipality of Bakırköy is much larger than the quarter and also includes several other neighbourhoods, such as Yeşilköy, Yeşilyurt, Ataköy. Bakırköy lies between the  highway (locally known as E-5) and the coast of the Sea of Marmara. Bakırköy has a large psychiatric hospital called "Bakırköy Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Hastanesi", and is an important shopping and commercial center.

History
In the Byzantine period Bakırköy was a separate community outside Constantinople, a well-watered pleasant seaside retreat from the city, and was called Hebdomon (, "the Seventh", i.e. seven Roman miles from the Milion, the mile-marker monument of Constantinople). Here - where nowadays the Ataköy Marina lies - the Emperor Valens  built one of the two Imperial Palaces bearing the name of Magnaura, while Justinian erected another Palace named Jucundianae, also placed near the seaside. Two churches, dedicated respectively to St. John the Evangelist and to St. John Baptist the Forerunner, the latter hosting the head of the Saint and burial place of the Emperor Basil II, were also erected here.
Hebdomon was a place of military exercise and concentration in what became known in Greek as the Kampos tou Tribounaliou () (in Latin Campus Tribunalis), where several Roman and Byzantine Emperors were elected through acclamation by the army.  Among them were Valens, Arcadius, Honorius, Theodosius II, Phocas, Nikephoros II Phokas. The Campus lay in the valley of Veli Efendi, where now the horse race course lies. The imperial court came often to the Hebdomon to attend military parades, to welcome the Emperor coming back from campaign, or to pray in the large church of St. John Baptist the Forerunner.
Later the place acquired the name of Makrohori ( "Long Village"), which was adapted to Makriköy ( "village") in the Ottoman period, when many large houses were built there. Yesilkoy (San Stefano), located within the present boundaries of the district, was occupied by the Russians in 1877-1878, and the Treaty of San Stefano was signed there on 3 March 1878.  By the pre-First World War period it was known as a holiday resort for residents within Constantinople proper.
In 1925 the ancient denomination was changed to Bakırköy ("Copper Village") by a law suppressing place names of non-Turkish derivation. It was a district in Beyoğlu province between 1923 and 1926 and also at that time included the present Avcılar, Bağcılar, Bahçelievler, Başakşehir, Esenler, Güngören and Küçükçekmece districts, the western boroughs of Zeytinburnu and until 1957 a small part of the Arnavutköy district. It was the biggest district of Turkey before the separation of Küçükçekmece.
There is little remaining of historical significance in the area: what there is includes a cistern (Fildamı Sarnıcı), a powder house from the 17th century (today used as Yunus Emre Kültür Merkezi in Ataköy), the Greek Orthodox church of Saint George (consecrated on May 2, 1832) and a Greek  school, the central mosque and fountain of 1875, an Armenian Church and school and the resting place of the Muslim saint Zuhurat Baba, a Turkish soldier who died during the conquest of Constantinople. His resting place is often visited by women on Fridays. The seafront is now a popular location for tea gardens, clubs and restaurants, (although the beaches have been unusable for decades).
After 1960, the population increased rapidly. As a result of this rapid growth; In the 1950s, rural settlements such as Güngören, Kocasinan and Sefaköy quickly turned into slums with title deeds. A similar development took place in Esenler, Yenibosna and Yeşilbağ around Halkalı in the 1970s. However, Küçükçekmece was the first settlement within the borders of Bakırköy district that showed rapid development and became a separate municipality in 1956.
Bakırköy became a popular residential area in the late 19th century after the construction of a railroad connection to İstanbul and until the 1970s was one of the most relaxed and desirable locations in the city. It is still populated by Istanbul's upper middle-class (tradespeople, bureaucrats, the retired).
Some parts of Bakırköy are very pleasant residential areas, particularly the streets from the hospital downwards to the sea. The planned satellite town of Ataköy to the west of Bakırköy centre is very tidy indeed, and was one of Turkey's first planned residential developments. Ataköy contains much social infrastructure including the Galleria shopping center and yacht marina.

Today
The centre of Bakırköy is an important commercial district. There is a huge shopping district (including a number of huge shiny shopping centres as Carousel), a range of cinemas, bars and cafés, as well as conversion of streets to pedestrian malls.
Bakırköy is easy to reach by public transport; there are minibuses (Turkish:Dolmuş) to Beyoğlu throughout the night; there are buses to Mecidiyeköy (although using the  highway by bus is unpleasant indeed: there is a ferry boat service that takes passengers to Kadıköy and Bostancı on the Asian side of the city and also to the Adalar (Islands); and the light-railway from the airport to Aksaray runs through here. Moreover, the quarter has a station of the suburban railway line between Sirkeci and Halkalı.
Built in 1913, Veliefendi Race Course, Turkey's largest and oldest modern horse-racing track (not including the ancient hippodromes in Turkey), is in close proximity.
Istanbul's largest mental hospital is in Bakırköy, and the parkland surrounding it is the largest green space in the district.
There is a popular belief that the underground water of Bakırköy comes from the river Danube.
Being near the Fault in the Sea of Marmara, Bakırköy is vulnerable to earthquake damage.

Economy

The headquarters of Turkish Airlines are on the grounds of Istanbul Atatürk Airport in Yeşilköy in Bakırköy. Borajet also has its head office in Yeşilköy.

Climate
Bakırköy experiences a Mediterranean climate (Csa/Cs) according to both Köppen and Trewartha climate classifications, with cool winters and warm to hot summers. Bakırköy is, by a margin, the warmest district in Istanbul, with an average temperature of almost , with an especially significant difference in summer. Bakırköy is also one of the only districts in Istanbul with a USDA hardiness zone rating of 9b and an AHS heat zone rating of 4.

Places of interest
Istanbul Atatürk Airport, Yeşilköy
World Trade Center Istanbul, Yeşilköy
Bakirkoy Synagogue, Bakırköy
Carousel Shopping Center, Bakırköy
Galleria Ataköy, Ataköy
Beyti Restaurant, Florya
Sport venues
Ataköy Athletics Arena, Ataköy
Sinan Erdem Dome, Ataköy
Florya Metin Oktay Sports Complex and Training Center, Florya
Şenlikköy Stadium, Florya
Culture
Bakırköy Synagogue
Fildamı Sarnıcı, Bakırköy
Florya Atatürk Marine Mansion, Florya
Istanbul Aviation Museum, Yeşilköy
Yeşilköy Lighthouse, Yeşilköy

Sport
The neighbourhood association football team is called Bakırköyspor, once one of top teams in the country, currently a local lower league outfit.

Notes, References

Sources

External links

 Website of Bakırköy Municipality
 Office of the Governor of Bakırköy

Populated places in Istanbul Province
Fishing communities in Turkey
Districts of Istanbul Province