text:
Discovery of America; Conquest of Mexico; Conquest of Peru; the Cape Route to India.
Book: History of the World from the Earliest Historical Time to the Year 1898
Author: Sanderson, Edgar
Prev: Medieval Civilisation: Rise of Towns; the Hansa League; Decay of Feudalism; Art; Invention; the Renaissance or Revival of Learni
Current: Discovery of America; Conquest of Mexico; Conquest of Peru; the Cape Route to India.
Next: Europe before the Reformation.
Modern History. (a.d. 1492-1898). The Discovery of America to the Peace of Westphalia (1492-1648).
The geographical enterprise displayed in the 15th century had a glorious and, in the history of the world, a most momentous culmination in the opening of a fresh route to the East, and in the re-lifting of the veil which had so long shrouded the regions of the West. The remembrance of the transient settlements made by Norse adventurers in North America had passed away during the 14th century, and it was without design or any preconception of a possible new continent that the grand discovery was made at the close of the 15th. Christopher Columbus was born at Genoa, in the plebeian class, probably about 1440, This ingenious and enterprising man, a sailor from his early youth, had received some education at the University of Pavia. In or about the year 1470, being wrecked in a sea-fight off Cape St. Vincent, he reached the coast of Portugal floating on a plank, and soon afterwards married, at Lisbon, the daughter of an Italian navigator who had been governor of Porto Santo, an island of the Madeira group. There the Genoese mariner lived for some time, making charts for the support of his family, and studying maps and other documents left by his father-in-law, Perestrello. Convinced of the spherical shape of the earth, he came, as early as 1474, to conceive the plan of reaching the East by a westward voyage. His estimate of the circumference of the globe was too short by one-sixth, and his conception of the extent of Asia from west to east was far too long, so that he believed Zipangu (Japan) to be in about the position of the Sandwich Islands. His project of a westerly sea-route to eastern Asia was partly based upon a desire to revive the trade of his native city, whose land-traffic with India by way of the Crimea and the Caspian Sea had suffered greatly from the Tartars and Turks. He was also influenced by the Portuguese attempts to make voyages to the East by way of the newly found Cape of Good Hope. After his vain attempts, for many years, in various quarters - including King John II. of Portugal and two Spanish grandees - to obtain the patronage needful to supply funds for his undertaking, the cause of Columbus was at last supported by Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain, and on August 3rd, 1492, he sailed from the little port of Palos, in the south-west of Spain, in charge of the Santa Maria, the Pinta, and the Nina, three small craft called caravels, carrying in all but 120 men. Leaving the Canary Islands on September 6th, after taking in fresh water, he sailed out boldly westward into an ocean never before navigated. The romantic incidents of this memorable voyage are well known - the despairing and then mutinous spirit of the men, the sudden variation of the magnetic needle, the sea-birds met flying from the west, the carved staff and the branch with fresh berries borne eastwards by the current, the flickering light seen ahead. At two o'clock on the morning of October 12th, a cannon-shot from the Pinta announced the sight of land, and the ships were soon anchored off one of the Bahama group, be it San Salvador, Watling's Island, or another.
Columbus went to the grave in the full belief that the land which he had discovered was part of eastern Asia, the whole of which region was then called "India," and hence came the mistaken names of Indians applied to the natives of America, and of West Indies to the archipelago first visited by the great Genoese. Receiving the homage both of the wondering natives and of his repentant crews on landing, Columbus, as admiral and viceroy by the appointment of the Spanish sovereigns, planted the royal standard and in their name took possession of the country. On October 28th the expedition reached Cuba, and on December 6th arrived at Haiti, called Espanola (Hispaniola or "Little Spain") by its discoverer. There he left a small Spanish colony, composed of some 40 volunteers, with a wooden fort made from the timbers of his flag-ship, the Santa Maria, driven ashore and broken up by a gale. On January 4th, 1493, he started for Spain with the two smaller vessels, himself on board the Nina. The Pinta parted company during the very stormy voyage, but arrived at Palos on the same day, March 15th, as Columbus had entered the port amid the shouts of the people, the roaring of cannon, and the ringing of bells. The voyagers had brought back, as proofs of their success, six natives of the West Indies, some gold, and various animals, birds, and plants. The discoverer of America was received with the highest honour at the court, then at Barcelona. In subsequent voyages in 1493 and 1498 Columbus made his way to several West India islands, including Dominica, Jamaica, and Trinidad, and crowned his career as a discoverer by first visiting the continent of South America, at the mouth of the Orinoco. Such was the discovery of America, the vast continent named, not from the illustrious man who first made it permanently known to the rest of the world, but from the distinguished Florentine navigator and chart-maker, Amerigo Vespucci, a man on friendly terms with Columbus, and in no wise responsible for the injustice due to a German geographer who, in 1507, used the term Americi Terra, adopted by other writers as America. The first dated map bearing this name was published in 1520, but the name did not come into general use until the close of the 16th century.
We need only note further, in the way of geographical discovery and navigation at this period, that in 1497 the Venetians John and Sebastian Cabot rediscovered the mainland of North America after a voyage from Bristol; that Pinzon or Pincon, a comrade of Columbus, discovered Brazil, at the Amazon, early in 1500; that in the same year Cortereal, a Portuguese navigator, made his way to Newfoundland and the mouth of the St. Lawrence; that in 1512 Florida was discovered by Ponce de Leon, Spanish governor of Porto Rico; that in the following year Nunez de Balboa, a Spanish landowner in San Domingo (Haiti), crossed the isthmus of Darien, and first of Europeans gazed on the vast expanse of the Pacific; that in 1516 Diaz de Solis, a Spanish comrade of Pinzon, discovered the great Rio de la Plata, and was killed on its banks by ambushed natives; that in 1520 an expedition under the Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magalhaes or Magalhaens (Magellan) first sailed into the Pacific, so named by him from the calm weather which he met with, through the strait bearing his name; and that his flag-ship, the Victoria, commanded by his lieutenant Sebastian del Cano after the leader's death by violence in the Philippine Isles, was the first vessel that ever sailed round the world, completing the return voyage to Spain in September, 1522, and establishing the fact of the spherical shape of our planet by evidence which no "theology" could refute.
European conquest in the New World quickly followed the discoveries made under the auspices of Ferdinand and Isabella, and the occupation of San Domingo and Cuba led directly, under their grandson and Ferdinand's successor, Charles V., to the subjugation of Mexico, discovered in 1518 by Juan de Grijalva, a relative of Velasquez, governor of Cuba. His account of "New Spain" was so glowing that an armament composed of about 600 Spanish infantry, 200 or 300 Indians, a few cavalry, and 14 cannon, was at once fitted out and placed under the command of Hernando Cortes, alcalde or chief magistrate of Santiago, the capital of Cuba. This hero of romantic history, a commander and statesman of rare ability and courage, was born in 1485, at Medellin, in Estremadura, of a noble but decayed family. His character and achievements are fully described in the brilliant pages of Prescott. The power, resources, and civilisation of the country which he conquered have been greatly overdrawn by Spanish writers in order to exalt the glory of their country, but the undoubted facts display in Cortes a marvellous combination of astuteness and daring. Of Mexican history prior to the Spanish invasion we know little that is trustworthy, owing to the barbarous destruction of the native records by the Spaniards. Before the 10th century a people named the Toltecs came down from the north and made their capital at Tula, about 50 miles north of the Mexican valley. They were a tall, robust, well-formed, sallow race, of mild and peaceful character, industrious and enterprising, tillers of the soil for products including maize and cotton, and introducers of a civilisation which comprised the erection of cities and temples and colossal monuments showing architectural skill, the fusing of metals, the making of pottery, and artistic weaving. Their religion was a nature-worship, with offerings of fruits, flowers, and small animals. In the 13th century, when the Toltecs, greatly diminished in numbers by pestilence and famine, had migrated to the south, the Aztecs or Mexicans, also coming from the north, appeared upon the scene, and gained by degrees a mastery among the tribes. This fierce race founded a chief city called Tenochtillan, or Mexico, from their god Mexitli, and extended their empire from the shores of the Gulf to the Pacific in the course of the 15th century. The capital stood in the midst of a great lake, on islands united by embankments of earth and stone. The government was that of an elective empire, the deceased ruler being succeeded by some warlike relative, or a great noble, wielding a despotic power with the limitations of a feudal system. The popular religion was a polytheism, with a Mars or god of war as the chief deity, to whom were annually offered, with horrible savagery of detail, many thousands of human sacrifices, men, women, and children taken in war or exacted as tribute. In strange contrast, other rites showed offerings of fruits, flowers, and perfumes, with joyful accompaniments of dancing and song. The priestly class were very numerous and influential, instructing the young of. both sexes in reading, writing, arithmetic, and choral singing, and in the elements of astrology and astronomy. The Mexican territory, in the geographical sense, also included a small independent republic whose fertile valleys, called Tlaxcalla, or "the land of bread," were inhabited by a bold, athletic people, destined to assume great importance in the story of Cortes.
The expedition prepared by Velasquez set sail from Cuba in November, 1518, and Cortes and his comrades, landing first in Yucatan, marched northwards for Mexico, and first encountered the natives at the Tabasco River. Great terror was caused by the Spanish firearms, and especially by the horses - strange creatures which were thought to be of one piece with their riders. An utter rout ensued, after some brave resistance, and at the end of March, 1519, swift messengers reached Montezuma, the Mexican ruler, with the terrible tidings of the new-comers, and their marvellous engines of war. Envoys and presents were sent and received, but there soon came an order to quit the country, a message which reached Cortes on the coast at the site of Vera Cruz, already selected for the city which he founded. The Spanish invader, hearing of the Tlaxcallans as hostile to the Mexicans, set out for their country in August, after taking the decisive step of beaching most of his ships and cutting off the means of speedy flight. His enterprise was much aided by a beautiful Aztec maiden of high birth, who had become a slave amongst the Tabascans, and, learning their dialect, wholly different from the Aztec, could interpret for Cortes through Aguilar, a Spaniard who had acquired Tabascan during a captivity of seven years prior to his rescue at the invasion. Converted and baptised as Donna Marina, the graceful and intelligent girl became deeply devoted to the commander, quickly gaining Spanish enough to interpret directly from and into Aztec, and rendering great service by her vigilance, courage, endurance, and knowledge of the native character. In September, 1519, a hot fight of some hours with the Tlaxcallans, ending in a Spanish victory, turned them into willing vassals of the crown of Castile, and allies whose fidelity was proof against disaster to the invaders which might have ended in utter ruin. During the march on Mexico, Marina discovered a plan for the destruction of the Spanish army, and Cortes took signal vengeance on the plotters of the ambuscade ordered by Montezuma. The sides of the stately snow-capped Orizaba mountain, over 17,000 feet above sea-level, had been scaled as far as the rugged plateau Anahuac, the Mexican tableland, from 4,000 to 8,000 feet in height, which stretches almost from sea to sea, and whence rise the great volcanic ridges. In this temperate region, with a dry season from November to May, and a most pleasant time, with rains at evening and during the night, from June to October, the roses bloom throughout the year, and the scenery includes broad, richly verdant plains; lakes as lovely as Como and Garda; peaks of everlasting snow, clothed lower down with oak and pine; brawling streams, and wild ravines. With some thousands of Tlaxcallans in his train, Cortes reached the city of Mexico on November 8th, and was received courteously by Montezuma and his retinue, though the streets were left empty by the royal command, and the silence of death reigned as the foreign intruders marched to the quarters provided for them.
The Mexican sovereign, a grave, calm, silent, good-looking man of about 50 years of age, with a generally sad expression of features, was the victim of superstitious fears concerning the new-comers. He had good reason to dread the man whose audacious plan against his person was formed within a week of arrival in the city. Cortes, in his sincere religious zeal, first perplexed Montezuma by appeals, through Marina, concerning his adoption of the Catholic faith, and then during an interview at the palace, appalled him by the suggestion that he should transfer his residence to the Spanish -quarters. After a refusal, the hapless monarch weakly yielded to the persuasive powers of Marina, and thus became a hostage in the hands of his foe. At this moment, Cortes was summoned to Vera Cruz by tidings that Narvaez, dispatched by the governor of Cuba, had arrived with a large force to supersede him in the command.
With prompt decision he attacked the new-comer in a night-surprise, and persuaded the troops, 800 in number, to join his own forces. On returning to Mexico in June, 1520, he found the city in insurrection against the Spaniards, a movement due to the severities of his brave and reckless lieutenant, Alvarado. The troops were beleaguered in their quarters, and fierce fighting occurred in sorties which daily diminished Cortes' scanty numbers. When Montezuma appeared on the roof of the building to address the multitude in behalf of the Spaniards, he was met with a shower of stones and arrows, and received a fatal wound. He died on the last day of June, and on July 1st, in face of the enraged populace, the Spanish leader started at midnight, on his retreat for his base of operations in the Tlaxcallan territory. The lake was covered with canoes full of armed men, and terrible losses were incurred during the march along one of the great causeways. Numbers of men were drowned at the broken bridgeways, and over 400 Spaniards, about 50 horses, the cannon and treasure, 4,000 native allies, and most of the Mexican prisoners, were killed, captured, or rescued. Despairing for the time, Cortes, on reaching a secluded spot outside the city, flung himself down under a cypress still preserved at Popotla, a suburb of modern Mexico, and gloomily reviewed his position. At dawn he mounted his horse, collected stragglers, and found that he still had his gallant Alvarado and his trusty Marina.
Pictures for Discovery of America; Conquest of Mexico; Conquest of Peru; the Cape Route to India.


Snort is an open source network intrusion detection system (NIDS) created by Martin Roesch. Snort is a packet sniffer that monitors network traffic in real time, scrutinizing each packet closely to detect a dangerous payload or suspicious anomalies.
Snort is based on libpcap (for library packet capture), a tool that is widely used in TCP/IP traffic sniffers and analyzers. Through protocol analysis and content searching and matching, Snort detects attack methods, including denial of service, buffer overflow, CGI attacks, stealth port scans, and SMB probes. When suspicious behavior is detected, Snort sends a real-time alert to syslog, a separate 'alerts' file, or to a pop-up window.
NSS Group, a European network security testing organization, tested Snort along with intrusion detection system (IDS) products from 15 major vendors including Cisco, Computer Associates, and Symantec. According to NSS, Snort, which was the sole open source freeware product tested, clearly out-performed the proprietary products.
Snort.org provides more information and downloads.
SearchSecurity.com features a Snort Technical Guide with answers to FAQs.
Mike Chapple explains the 'top-down' IPS sensor search.
David Jacobs discusses intrusion prevention management packages.


Donald G. Duguid (born January 25, 1935) is a Canadian champion curler. A three-time winner of the Canadian Brier and two-time World Curling champion, Duguid won the Brier in 1965, 1970 and 1971, and the Worlds in 1970 and 1971. He was inducted into the Canadian Curling Hall of Fame in 1974, Canada's Sports Hall of Fame in 1991, and the WCF Hall of Fame in 2013. In 2014, he was made a member of the Order of Manitoba. In 1981, his 1970 & 1971 teams were inducted into the Manitoba Sports Hall of Fame.
He provided curling commentary for NBC at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City and the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin with Don Chevrier, and with Andrew Catalon and Colleen Jones at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver.
Duguid is the father of Terry Duguid, a Liberal politician in Manitoba, and Dale Duguid, a former Manitoba provincial curling champion.


text:
Ukraine Ready to Play Hardball on Gas Talks
Ukraine has a stronger hand to play at talks with Russia on gas supplies thanks to the fall in oil prices, which has dragged down gas prices, and after showing it can live on less.
Neither side wants to give way at talks on a new supply deal that are expected to start soon — but both need each other.
Russia, in financial crisis, needs the Ukraine market and the revenue it sends to the budget.
Although a milder winter and a scramble for other sources has shown Ukraine can survive with less gas from Russia, it still needs it to cover demand and fill storage facilities to ensure a stable supply to Europe, which gets around a third of its gas needs from Russia, roughly half via Ukraine.
Kiev also needs low prices as it struggles to fund its budget.
The sticking point in talks, which have yet to be agreed, will be whether Moscow will leave a discount in place or agree on a new formula proposed by Ukraine's Naftogaz.
After Russia cut supplies in mid-June, the European Commission helped negotiate a "winter gas deal package," which meant Kiev resumed buying Russian gas at a price of $378 per 1,000 cubic meters in the fourth quarter.
That price included a discount of $100 per 1,000 cubic meters. The agreement expires on April 1.
A source at Russian gas producer Gazprom said: "We don't support the idea of a new discount after April 1. … But this is not for Gazprom to decide."
The discount was linked to Russia's naval fleet in Crimea, Moscow's annexation of which was not recognized by Ukraine or the West.
"Ukraine argues the [Crimea] incorporation is not legal so the discount is valid," said Andrei Belyi, associate professor at the Center for EU-Russia Studies at the University of Tartu, Estonia.
Plunging Oil
Gazprom's contracts are linked to crude oil and refined oil product prices, with gas prices lagging oil by six to nine months. Crude has fallen almost 60 percent since last June.
"The gas price for Ukraine should be at around $360-$370 in April even with no discount. It will start to fall from May and is likely to be at $320-300 as an average for the second quarter," said Alexander Kornilov, analyst at Alfa Bank.
Neither side has announced the first quarter price, but Naftogaz's Chief Executive Andriy Kobolev has suggested prices may fall under $340 in January-March and further in the summer.
He also said that Kiev would cut total imports to around 20 bcm this year, of which 60 percent would be covered by Europe thanks to the expansion of gas pipelines.
At $300 per 1,000 bcm and based on the volumes Kobolev says Kiev needs, Ukraine would save around $620 million compared to the price in the fourth quarter, calculations show. Ukraine's foreign exchange and gold reserves stood $7.53 billion at the end of December.
Gazprom pays around 2 trillion rubles ($29.5 billion) in taxes to the Russian budget annually, money increasingly needed as companies all but cut off from global capital markets due to Western sanctions over Ukraine turn to the state for funds.
"Russia will continue to supply gas to Ukraine — the fact that Russia wants to skip Ukraine as a transit country doesn't mean Russia wants to lose Ukraine as its market," says Valery Nesterov, analyst with Sberbank CIB.
Russia's Gazprom Sees Profits Hit by Ukraine Dispute, Weaker Ruble
Russian state gas producer Gazprom suffered a 60 percent slump in third-quarter net profit on Thursday, hurt by the weaker ruble and after exports were...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
» 4301:1 Liquor Control Commission
Chapter 4301:1-2 Accessing Confidential Personal Information
4301:1-2-01 Definitions.
For the purposes of rules 4301:1-2-01 to 4301:1-2-05 of the Administrative Code, promulgated in accordance with section 1347.15 of the Revised Code, the following definitions apply:
(A) "Access" as a noun means an instance of copying, viewing, or otherwise perceiving whereas "access" as a verb means to copy, view, or otherwise perceive.
(B) "Acquisition of a new computer system" means the purchase of a "computer system," as defined in this rule, that is not a computer system currently in place nor one for which the acquisition process has been initiated as of the effective date of the agency rule addressing requirements in section 1347.15 of the Revised Code.
(C) "Computer system" means a "system," as defined by section 1347.01 of the Revised Code, that stores, maintains, or retrieves personal information using electronic data processing equipment.
(D) "Confidential personal information" (CPI) has the meaning as defined by division (A)(1) of section 1347.15 of the Revised Code and identified by rules promulgated by the agency in accordance with division (B)(3) of section 1347.15 of the Revised Code that reference the federal or state statutes or administrative rules that make personal information maintained by the agency confidential.
(E) "Employee of the state agency" means each employee of a state agency regardless of whether he/she holds an elected or appointed office or position within the state agency.
(F) "Incidental contact" means contact with the information that is secondary or tangential to the primary purpose of the activity that resulted in the contact.
(G) "Individual" means a natural person or the natural person's authorized representative, legal counsel, legal custodian, or legal guardian.
(H) "Information owner" means the individual appointed in accordance with division (A) of section 1347.05 of the Revised Code to be directly responsible for a system.
(I) "Person" means a natural person.
(J) "Personal information" has the same meaning as defined in division (E) of section 1347.01 of the Revised Code.
(K) "Personal information system" means a "system" that "maintains" "personal information" as those terms are defined in section 1347.01 of the Revised Code. "System" includes manual and computer systems.
(L) "Research" means a methodical investigation into a subject.
(M) "Routine" means commonplace, regular, habitual, or ordinary.
(N) "Routine information that is maintained for the purpose of internal office administration, the use of which would not adversely affect a person" as that phrase is used in division (F) of section 1347.01 of the Revised Code means personal information relating to employees and maintained by the agency for internal administrative and human resource purposes.
(O) "System" has the same meaning as defined by division (F) of section 1347.01 of the Revised Code.
(P) "Upgrade" means a substantial redesign of an existing computer system for the purpose of providing a substantial amount of new application functionality, or application modifications that would involve substantial administrative or fiscal resources to implement, but would not include maintenance, minor updates and patches, or modifications that entail a limited addition of functionality due to changes in business or legal requirements.
Five Year Review (FYR) Dates: 1/30/2019 and 01/30/2024
Statutory Authority: 4301.03, 1347.15
Prior Effective Dates: 02/25/2013
4301:1-2-02 Procedures for accessing confidential personal information.
For personal information systems, whether manual or computer systems, that contain confidential personal information, the agency shall do the following:
(A) Criteria for accessing confidential personal information. Personal information systems of the agency are managed on a "need-to-know" basis whereby the information owner determines the level of access required for an employee of the agency to fulfill his/her job duties. The determination of access to confidential personal information shall be approved by the employee's supervisor and the information owner prior to providing the employee with access to confidential personal information within a personal information system. The agency shall establish procedures for determining a revision to an employee's access to confidential personal information upon a change to that employee's job duties including, but not limited to, transfer or termination. Whenever an employee's job duties no longer require access to confidential personal information in a personal information system, the employee's access to confidential personal information shall be removed.
(B) Individual's request for a list of confidential personal information. Upon the signed written request of any individual for a list of confidential personal information about the individual maintained by the agency, the agency shall do all of the following:
(1) Verify the identity of the individual by a method that provides safeguards commensurate with the risk associated with the confidential personal information;
(2) Provide to the individual the list of confidential personal information that does not relate to an investigation about the individual or is otherwise not excluded from the scope of Chapter 1347. of the Revised Code; and
(3) If all information relates to an investigation about that individual, inform the individual that the agency has no confidential personal information about the individual that is responsive to the individual's request.
(C) Notice of invalid access.
(1) Upon discovery or notification that confidential personal information of a person has been accessed by an employee for an invalid reason, the agency shall notify the person whose information was invalidly accessed as soon as practical and to the extent known at the time. However, the agency shall delay notification for a period of time necessary to ensure that the notification would not delay or impede an investigation or jeopardize homeland or national security. Additionally, the agency may delay the notification consistent with any measures necessary to determine the scope of the invalid access, including which individuals' confidential personal information invalidly was accessed, and to restore the reasonable integrity of the system. "Investigation" as used in this paragraph means the investigation of the circumstances and involvement of an employee surrounding the invalid access of the confidential personal information. Once the agency determines that notification would not delay or impede an investigation, the agency shall disclose the access to confidential personal information made for an invalid reason to the person.
(2) Notification provided by the agency shall inform the person of the type of confidential personal information accessed and the date(s) of the invalid access.
(3) Notification may be made by any method reasonably designed to accurately inform the person of the invalid access, including written, electronic, or telephone notice.
(D) Appointment of a data privacy point of contact. The agency's executive director shall designate an employee of the agency to serve as the data privacy point of contact. The data privacy point of contact shall work with the chief privacy officer within the office of information technology to assist the agency with both the implementation of privacy protections for the confidential personal information that the agency maintains and compliance with section 1347.15 of the Revised Code and the rules adopted pursuant to the authority provided by that chapter.
(E) Completion of a privacy impact assessment. The agency's executive director shall designate an employee of the agency to serve as the data privacy point of contact who shall timely complete the privacy impact assessment form developed by the office of information technology.
4301:1-2-03 Valid reasons for accessing confidential personal information.
Pursuant to the requirements of division (B)(2) of section 1347.15 of the Revised Code, this rule contains a list of valid reasons, directly related to the agency's exercise of its powers or duties, for which only employees of the agency may access confidential personal information (CPI) regardless of whether the personal information system is a manual system or computer system:
(A) Performing the following functions constitute valid reasons for authorized employees of the agency to access confidential personal information:
(1) Responding to a public records request;
(2) Responding to a request from an individual for the list of CPI the agency maintains on that individual;
(3) Administering a constitutional provision or duty;
(4) Administering a statutory provision or duty;
(5) Administering an administrative rule provision or duty;
(6) Complying with any state or federal program requirements;
(7) Processing or payment of claims or otherwise administering a program with individual participants or beneficiaries;
(8) Auditing purposes;
(9) Licensure, certification, registration, filing or eligibility processes;
(10) Investigation or law enforcement purposes;
(11) Administrative hearings;
(12) Litigation, complying with an order of the court, or subpoena;
(13) Human resource matters (e.g., hiring, promotion, demotion, discharge, salary/compensation issues, leave requests/issues, and time card approvals/issues);
(14) Complying with an executive order or policy;
(15) Complying with an agency policy or a state administrative policy issued by the department of administrative services, the office of budget and management or other similar state agency;
(16) Complying with a collective bargaining agreement provision; or
(17) Any other reason the executive director documents is necessary for the agency to carry out its duties to regulate the liquor industry.
4301:1-2-04 Confidentiality statutes.
The following federal statutes or regulations or state statutes and administrative rules make personal information maintained by the agency confidential and identify the confidential personal information within the scope of rules promulgated by this agency in accordance with section 1347.15 of the Revised Code:
(A) Social security numbers: 5 U.S.C. 552 a.(2010), unless not otherwise designated as confidential information by section 3772.16 of the Revised Code and the individual was told that the number would be disclosed.
(B) "Bureau of Criminal Investigation and Information" criminal records check results: section 4776.04 of the Revised Code.
(C) All of the information designated by section 3772.16 of the Revised Code as confidential and not subject to disclosure as a record under section 149.43 of the Revised Code, unless waived by the individual pursuant to section 3772.16 of the Revised Code.
4301:1-2-05 Restricting and logging access to confidential personal information in computerized personal information systems.
For personal information systems that are computer systems and contain confidential personal information, the agency shall do the following:
(A) Access restrictions. Access to confidential personal information that is kept electronically shall require a password or other authentication measure.
(B) Acquisition of a new computer system. When the agency acquires a new computer system that stores, manages or contains confidential personal information, the agency shall include a mechanism for recording specific access by employees of the agency to confidential personal information in the system.
(C) Upgrading existing computer systems. When the agency modifies an existing computer system that stores, manages or contains confidential personal information, the agency shall make a determination whether the modification constitutes an upgrade. Any upgrades to a computer system shall include a mechanism for recording specific access by employees of the agency to confidential personal information in the system.
(D) Logging requirements regarding confidential personal information in existing computer systems.
(1) The agency shall require employees of the agency who access confidential personal information within computer systems to maintain a log that records that access.
(2) Access to confidential information is not required to be entered into the log under the following circumstances:
(a) The employee of the agency is accessing confidential personal information for official agency purposes, including research, and the access is not specifically directed toward a specifically named individual or a group of specifically named individuals.
(b) The employee of the agency is accessing confidential personal information for routine office procedures and the access is not specifically directed toward a specifically named individual or a group of specifically named individuals.
(c) The employee of the agency comes into incidental contact with confidential personal information and the access of the information is not specifically directed toward a specifically named individual or a group of specifically named individuals.
(d) The employee of the agency accesses confidential personal information about anindividual based upon a request made under either of the following circumstances:
(i) The individual requests confidential personal information about himself/herself.
(ii) The individual makes a request that the agency takes some action on that individual's behalf and accessing the confidential personal information is required in order to consider or process that request.
(3) For purposes of this paragraph, the agency may choose the form or forms of logging, whether in electronic or paper formats.
(E) Log management. The agency shall issue a policy that specifies the following:
(1) Who shall maintain the log;
(2) What information shall be captured in the log;
(3) How the log is to be stored; and
(4) How long information kept in the log is to be retained.
Nothing in this rule limits the agency from requiring logging in any circumstance that it deems necessary.


With 10.3 million daily unique visitors, Avito attracts a large portion of the Russian internet population every day.
Naspers's classifieds business OLX Group has announced an investment of US$1.16 billion, or approximately R15.79 billion, to acquire a further 29.1% stake in Avito, the leading online general classifieds and property platform in Russia.
This raises OLX's stake increases from 70.4% to 99.6% on a fully diluted basis. The remaining shares are held by existing management.
Naspers initially invested in Avito in 2013. Over the last five years, Avito has established leading positions in five key categories, namely goods, autos, real estate, jobs, and services.
With 10.3 million daily unique visitors, Avito now attracts a large portion of the Russian internet population every day.
In the first quarter of the 2019 financial year, Avito revenue increased by 31% to US$162 million, driven by enhanced product features, strong vertical traction, and working closely with professional advertisers. The business continues to generate robust profit margins.
The transaction closed on January 25 and was funded by Naspers' existing cash resources.


text:
Woking Music Festival
Entering the festival
Adjudicators
Young Musician of the Year
YM 2019 adjudicator
Most Promising Young Singer Award
Most Promising Young Actor Award
Friends of the Festival
Would you like to help?
WMF Events
The annual competitive Woking Music Festival, held in November, is a celebration of the musical and literary vitality of Woking and the surrounding area. The Festival welcomes people of all ages and abilities, who can derive and give pleasure in participating, whatever their tastes or performing standard.
Founded by Nancy Leigh in 1926, the Festival is now one of the largest of its kind in Surrey with more than 1,000 people taking part each year. Respected teachers and performers act as adjudicators, giving valuable advice and guidance to all participants.
In early February, it organises the Young Musician of the Year competition with performers from the main festival being invited to participate.
We are grateful to the Humphrey Richardson Taylor Charitable Trust and Handel Pianos for their support.
Please complete the form on the "Mailing list" page (link on the left) if you would like to be added to our mailing list to receive the syllabus and other information about the Festival.
If you normally receive information from the Woking Music Festival but haven't done so this year, it may be because we don't have a record of having received your permission to contact you since the introduction of GDPR. If you think this might be the case, please either contact the Festival or use the "Mailing list" link on the left.
Advertisers' links *:
Handel Pianos
Woking Symphony Orchestra
Woking Choral Society
Epworth Choir
Seymour's Estate Agents
Learn the Organ (St John's, West Byfleet)
St Andrew's School
Halstead School
Gordon's School
* Please note that sites are managed by the respective organisations and Woking Music Festival can accept no responsibility for their contents.
info@wokingmusicfestival.org.uk
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text:
Kościół św. Jerzego w Porto San Giorgio (wł. Chiesa di San Giorgio
a Porto San Giorgio) − rzymskokatolicki kościół we włoskiej miejscowości Porto San Giorgio nad Morzem Adriatyckim.

Świątynia znajduje się na Piazza S. Giorgio 7.

Stary kościół został zburzony w 1803. Na jego miejscu wybudowany nowy w 1834. Świątynia ma trzy nawy. W kaplicy Salvadorich znajdował się Poliptyk z Porto San Giorgio autorstwa Carla Crivelliego z 1470, który przez właścicieli został sprzedany w XIX wieku. Obrazy wchodzące w skład nastawy znajdują się obecnie w szeregu muzeów, również w Muzeum Czartoryskich w Krakowie − Święci Antoni Opat i Łucja.

Przypisy

Bibliografia

Kościoły rzymskokatolickie we Włoszech
Świątynie pod wezwaniem św. Jerzego
Architektura Marche

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


An interesting article here relates to the current appetite for M&A. This one chimes with several we've seen over the past months. It suggests that most businesses have completed their cost-cutting programmes and reduced stock-piles in response to the financial crisis and now, being flush with cash, are under pressure to grow quickly. Investing in one's current business is generally a sound strategic move but investing in organic growth will rarely bring the immediate and spectacular rewards brought about by focussed acquisition, as an adjacency play or by taking out one of your competitors.


The Grand Central Partnership operates 365 days a year. Don't hesitate to let us know what we can do for you today.
GCP encourages questions, feedback and suggestions from our local stakeholders and visitors alike. Please don't hesitate to contact us and let us know how we can assist. For press inquiries, please email press@gcpbid.org.
The MetLife Building at 200 Park Avenue is the largest property in the Grand Central neighborhood, with more than 2.7 million sq. ft. of commercial space.


text:
Q: Boost Tokenizer for AT Commands I have to parse AT commands from a modem.
Each command has in the form: [CR][LF]+[CMD][CR][LF] eg:
[CR][LF]+CTCC: 4,1,1,0,0,1,1[CR][LF]

[CR][LF]+CTXG: 4,0,0,0[CR][LF]

Since may occur that more than one command is received I thought to use boost::tokenizer to split them, but it seems to not work (it doesn't separate commands):
boost::char_separator<char> sep("", "+", boost::keep_empty_tokens);

Tokenizer commands(_buffer, sep);

for (Tokenizer::const_iterator cmd = commands.begin();
     cmd != commands.end();
     cmd++)
{
  this->ParseData(*cmd);
}

Maybe I misunderstood something?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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This delicious vegan granola cereal uses the best plant protein on the market.


text:
More than 20 years after a deadline to make St. Paul parks accessible to people with disabilities, the city of St. Paul has put together a multimillion-dollar plan to rebuild a recreation center, replace entry doors and otherwise bring its parks system into compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act.
Though the department has made accessibility improvements to buildings and facilities for years, an ADA transition plan to identify all the modifications needed for compliance wasn't approved until this year.
"We, I believe, ought to have had this plan by about 1992," Deputy Parks and Recreation Director Kathy Korum told the Parks and Recreation Commission Thursday. "We didn't, but we do now."
The plan identifies 33 projects that will cost more than $150,000, plus staff time, to be completed between 2018 and 2025. They range from installing a $25 Braille elevator sign at North Dale Recreation Center to replacing automatic entry doors at the Como Visitor Center for $66,325.
The list also includes two large-scale projects that have been in the works for years: the $11 million rebuild of the 45-year-old Scheffer Recreation Center and the nearly $20 million renovation of the Como Zoo seal and sea lion exhibit.
The parks department is up for reaccreditation this year, a process that for the first time requires a Disabilities Act transition plan. That's why the department is acting now, Korum said.
Staff members at each of the city's recreation centers completed accessibility assessments last fall, and their findings were incorporated into the plan, Korum said. More facility assessments are planned for the spring and summer, and the plan will be updated accordingly.
"Now there's a document to hold us accountable," she said.
The Americans with Disabilities Act passed in 1990, and required all public entities with more than 50 employees to have transition plans in place by July 26, 1992, and bring facilities into compliance within a few years. Many agencies failed to do so, leaving them open to legal action. The law is typically enforced through complaints and litigation.
"In Minnesota and also across the country, municipalities and agencies are unaware," said David Fenley, ADA director at the Minnesota Council on Disability. "And it's always an awareness thing. There was a big push in the early '90s and things kind of slipped through the cracks and people didn't do stuff and it wasn't assigned to a particular person to do it and stuff didn't get done."
The parks transition plan, which was produced last November and updated in January, says "the department's ADA efforts were largely decentralized" and focused mainly on accommodations for individuals from 1991 until the late 1990s.
"Beginning in the late 1990s, our Design and Construction staff incorporated accessible building design standards even before laws required their implementation as new recreation centers were brought on line," the document says. "During this time the department did not maintain a centralized transition plan."
In 2006, parks staff started including the accessibility of play areas in annual audits. In 2013, they started assessing accessibility of parks facilities used as polling places. In 2017, they completed facility assessments across the system, including at all 25 recreation centers.
The city also stepped up its efforts around Disabilities Act compliance during that time, hiring an ADA coordinator and creating an ADA committee in 2009. The Department of Public Works created an ADA transition plan the same year, and updated it in 2016 after a complaint about inaccessible curb cuts.
The city's Advisory Committee for People with Disabilities gave input on the parks transition plan and approved the current version in February. The Parks Commission approved the plan Thursday, and the City Council will have an opportunity to approve it as well.
St. Paul reporter Emma Nelson joined the Star Tribune in 2014, and has covered local government beats from Scott and Dakota counties to Minneapolis City Hall. She has also been part of reporting teams that covered the aftermath of the Norwood Teague sexual harassment scandal and the death of Prince.
emma.nelson@startribune.com 612-673-4509 emmamarienelson
Minnesota Democrats, stuck at home, celebrate Biden's inauguration
From block parties to Biden sweatshirts to ice cream, Minnesota Democrats celebrate Inauguration Day.
DPS: No evidence of criminal activity at 'Storm the Capitol' rally in St. Paul
The BCA and the Ramsey County Attorney's Office reviewed reports from the event and made the determination.
2 more sentenced in widespread mortgage fraud scheme • St. Paul
Debate over ranked-choice voting reignites in St. Paul • St. Paul
St. Paul mayor proposes $20 million to fix St. Paul's crumbling streets • St. Paul
Months after riots, Minnesota Capitol still fenced in • St. Paul
St. Paul explores powering Como Zoo with geothermal energy • St. Paul


Analyzing your competition should be the second step taken during the SEO process (right after and sometimes even during keyword selection). Looking at what and how your competition have positioned their website where you want yours to be placed will lend great insight into how to get yours there.
The above statement should not be taken as meaning that early in the campaign is the only time that competition analysis is important. Once you are holding a top position your competition will undoubtedly renew their efforts to take back what you have replaced. Competition analysis is a step that must be taken to find out what you need to do to take a top position but which also should be performed periodically to detect your competitor's efforts to take back "their" former positions.
In this article we will cover onsite factors which must be considered and in part two we will cover external factor analysis including incoming links, anchor text, PageRank, etc.
Onsite factors of your website are the easiest to address as they are factors which are under your complete control. You have the power to change anything within your site from the content, internal linking structure, and even the design structure itself.
There are many tools that are available to help you determine what the optimal levels are. Generally these are knows as KDA (Keyword Density Analysis) tools. Of all of them there is one that we use at Beanstalk that we have found provides better, more accurate information than the others and that is Total Optimizer Pro by TopNet Solutions. The reason we chose this one above the others is twofold. First, it provides very easy to read and thorough information that can be analyzed quickly and second, they have built in tools to analyze offsite factors to a level that don't exist in other software. Essentially this means for you that a single tool can basically give you the recipe you will need to take and hold your position in the top ten.
While meta tags definitely don't hold the weight they once did they are certainly worth adding to your site given that they take seconds to add. Titles on the other hand hold significant weight and must be created carefully to insure that they hold maximum SEO effectiveness and also that they appeal to the searchers.
In analyzing the titles and meta tags essentially you are looking for the optimal keyword density of those tags. A KDA tool will let you know what percentage of your competitions tags are made up of the targeted keywords. A good KDA tool will also display the range or average of percentages. Due to their low weight, meta tags don't have to be given quite the attention that titles do. When you are optimizing your titles you will want to insure that you fall somewhere near the middle of the pack. Hopefully in your industry, the top ten sites have relatively close percentages in which case it is easy to determine what the optimal percentage is, however assuming that they don't, you will want to gear your title tag to something that falls in the upper end of the range (though not over) of densities and also keep that title interesting to the searcher who will see it as the link to your site in the search results.
Google at least and probably the other major engines as well have or will be adding into the ranking algorithm a function that records the number of times a specific link is clicked when it appears in the results. If your site appears in the top of the results but is not click at a rate that is acceptable for that position your website will slip. Like any other marketing tool, your title tag is the gateway from the search engine results to your website: insure you've created an attractive welcome mat.
There has been much discussion over the years as to whether there even is an optimal keyword density or whether density even matters. While there are intelligent SEO's out there who would disagree, the entire debate seems obvious to us at least. If the search engines are looking at onsite factors at all (which they are) and looking for relevancy then it naturally follows that there is a percentage of your content that can consist of the targeted keywords and indicate to the engines that your site is relevant for a given phrase.
Special formats will be considered content elements such as bold, colors, anchor text, or any other content characteristics that sets specific text out as different when a search engine is spidering your site. Positioning refers to the position of the keywords in relation to the entire content on a given page. Aside from this type of positioning there is also the consideration of how the content and keywords are positioned relative to the code of the page (and sometimes these can be two very different things). This topic was touched on in a past article on table structures and will be covered in a future mini-series on W3C complaint and search engine friendly design, to be published in September.
Special formats such as bold, colors, italics, highlights, etc. set specific content aside as more important than the rest. The use of these formats, provided that it is done correctly, can not only help improve that rankings of your website for specific phrases but can also enhance the usability of your website in general by drawing the human eye to key content. This is not to say that you should bold, highlight and color every instance of your targeted phrase but rather use these elements to draw the eye to the key content you are most interested in getting read.
With positioning the job is a bit more difficult to assess. One of the best ways to quickly isolate how your competitors have used special formats and where they have positioned there keywords in relation to the entire page is to simply run a search for the phrases on Google and view the cache of the page. The keywords will be highlighted in a variety of colors and will allow you to quickly glance through their page and isolate what special elements they are using and where they have positioned their keywords on the page. You will want to do this for the top 10 competitors.
As with any competition, if you understand what those who have what you want are doing it becomes a matter of doing the same and then adding 10% to your efforts. In the case of onsite optimization you'll simply want to duplicate the best of the top ten, in part two on external factors you will be doing the 10% more.


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text:
Edwards, Cyrus
Born: 1793-06-17 Montgomery County, Maryland
Died: 1877-08-31 Upper Alton, Illinois
Flourished: Alton, Illinois
Early in his childhood, Edwards moved with his family to Kentucky to join his older brother Ninian Edwards. He studied law and in 1815 gained admission to the bar at Kaskaskia, Illinois, where his brother was governor of Illinois Territory. He practiced law in Potosi, Missouri, and in Elkton, Kentucky, where he married Nancy Reed. After the birth of his first five children, the family settled permanently in Illinois, where three additional children were born. Edwards continued to practice law and served in the Black Hawk War as an ordnance officer and quartermaster general on the staff of Governor John Reynolds. Edwards represented Madison County as a Whig, winning elections to the Illinois House in 1832 and 1840 and to the Illinois Senate in 1834. He was an unsuccessful candidate for governor in 1838, losing to Democrat Thomas Carlin by only 926 votes. In 1847, he was a delegate to the Illinois Constitutional Convention. After the death of his first wife, he married Sophia Loomis with whom he had four children. Edwards supported the development of public education and engaged in numerous philanthropic activities after his retirement from politics. In 1850, he was a farmer in Upper Alton, Illinois, with $25,000 in real property. During the Civil War, Edwards was a supporter of the Republican Party.
W. T. Norton, ed., Centennial History of Madison County, Illinois and Its People 1812 to 1912 (Chicago: Lewis, 1912), 78-79; Theodore C. Pease, ed., Illinois Election Returns, 1818-1848, vol. 18 of Collections of the Illinois State Historical Library (Springfield: Illinois State Historical Library, 1923), 111, 264-65, 339, 454; Isaac H. Elliott, Record of the Services of Illinois Soldiers in the Black Hawk War, 1831-32, and in the Mexican War, 1846-8 (Springfield, IL: H. W. Rokker, 1882), xvi; Frank Everett Stevens, The Black Hawk War (Chicago: Frank E. Stevens, 1903), 122; U.S. Census Office, Seventh Census of the United States (1850), Madison County, IL, 406; Gravestone, Oakwood Cemetery, Upper Alton, IL.


Watch free highlights as Port Vale are undone by two long-range efforts at Northampton on Tuesday evening.
Vale's goal came from striker JJ Hooper against his former club.
The video is from the official Port Vale YouTube channel.


Previously, electrical versions of the optical cuff have been used to cause muscle movement. These have even been tested on paralyzed human subjects, allowing them to walk for a few minutes. Unfortunately, the electrical cuffs caused the muscle-activating nerves to fire in the wrong order.
Because it normally takes less stimulation to fire slow-twitch muscles, they are usually activated first, with the energy-burning fast-twitch muscles taking over only where needed (fast-twitch muscle fibers are used for quick, powerful movements, while slow-twitch muscles are used for slower, more delicate movements, and for fine-tuning fast-twitch-type movements). When the electrical cuff was tested, however, it activated the fast-twitch muscles first. This resulted in a very jerky walking gait, that tired the test subjects out quickly.
Although the optical cuffs are currently a research tool, it is hoped that they could one day be surgically implanted in humans along motor nerve bundles, and controlled by computer algorithms. Before that could happen, however, the protein-encoding genes would also need to be safely introduced into the recipients' bodies. The Stanford scientists are also experimenting with another protein that inhibits nerve function when subjected to light, in hopes that it could someday be used to control involuntary muscle movements, such as those caused by cerebral palsy.
The research was published this week in the journal Nature Medicine.


No matter how healthy your diet, there are a number of vitamins, minerals, amino acids and other natural components of which you will not take in as much as your body can use. Taking supplements containing these substances will improve your health, if only a by a small bit.
Since humans started medicating, we have also discovered numerous compounds that have a small health benefit that may improve your chances of aging healthily.
those whose positive effects are uncertain, while also having harmful side effects.
We will not consider substances from the last category and only few from the third category.
On the linked pages the suggested dose, supposed working mechanism and the research underpinning the advice is given.


text:
In meccanica classica, un'equazione del moto è un'equazione che descrive il moto di un sistema fisico in funzione della posizione nello spazio e del tempo. In particolare, l'equazione che esprime una coordinata generalizzata in funzione della variabile tempo è detta legge oraria.

Descrizione

Un sistema meccanico con  gradi di libertà viene solitamente descritto attraverso un insieme di coordinate generalizzate . La conoscenza in un dato istante temporale delle coordinate generalizzate e delle velocità generalizzate , che sono le derivate rispetto al tempo delle coordinate generalizzate, consente una caratterizzazione completa dello stato meccanico del sistema. Con tali informazioni si possono determinare univocamente le accelerazioni , ed è quindi possibile prevedere l'evoluzione del sistema ad un tempo successivo a quello considerato. L'equazione del moto mette in relazione le quantità ,  e , e se l'incognita è , come spesso accade, si tratta di un'equazione differenziale del secondo ordine le cui soluzioni sono le possibili leggi orarie  di un punto materiale, o un corpo, soggetto ad una interazione nota. Le equazioni del moto sono completate dalla definizione dei parametri iniziali, che definiscono il problema di Cauchy e che sotto opportune ipotesi consentono di determinare univocamente la soluzione.

Solitamente la legge oraria di un oggetto in moto è un'equazione che si ricava dall'applicazione al sistema delle leggi della dinamica di Newton o di leggi di conservazione, quali ad esempio la legge di conservazione dell'energia meccanica o del momento angolare. La legge oraria di un punto materiale può essere data sia rispetto ad un sistema di riferimento sia rispetto ad una ascissa curvilinea. Per esempio, se un punto materiale è vincolato su una guida per definirne la posizione si può sia indicare i valori della proiezione del punto sugli assi, sia la distanza da un punto di riferimento preso sulla guida.

Definizione
Nella meccanica newtoniana un'equazione del moto è una funzione  che ha la forma di un'equazione differenziale ordinaria rispetto alla funzione che descrive la posizione in funzione del tempo :

Il problema di Cauchy è dato assegnando un valore alla posizione e alla sua derivata nell'istante :

Il secondo principio della dinamica può essere formulato sia attraverso la legge di Newton che con la prima equazione di Eulero. Quest'ultima rappresenta la sua forma più generale:

dove  è la forza e  la quantità di moto e questa equazione ha la forma di un'equazione del moto. Poiché si assume la massa costante, può essere anche scritta adottando la notazione di Newton  e nel caso unidimensionale si ha:

Tale equazione possiede tre casi notevoli:
Se  è nulla si ottiene la soluzione del moto rettilineo uniforme:

Se  è costante il moto è uniformemente accelerato:

Se  è proporzionale all'opposto di  il moto è quello di un oscillatore armonico:

dove  e  sono costanti note a partire dalla posizione e dalla velocità iniziali e  è la costante di proporzionalità, col segno positivo, tra la forza e lo spostamento.

Principio variazionale di Hamilton

La legge di Newton non è l'unico modo per descrivere la dinamica di un sistema. Si consideri un sistema fisico descritto da  coordinate generalizzate  che evolve tra due stati  e  nell'intervallo temporale compreso tra gli istanti  e . Il moto di un tale sistema, che è un sistema conservativo, rispetta il principio variazionale di Hamilton, secondo il quale il percorso compiuto minimizza l'azione , data dall'integrale:

dove  è la Lagrangiana del sistema. Le equazioni di Eulero-Lagrange:

si ottengono direttamente a partire dal principio variazionale, e sono equazioni del moto. Esse descrivono il moto di un oggetto che obbedisce al secondo principio della dinamica, mettendo in relazione la posizione e la velocità di ogni elemento che compone il sistema.

Costanti del moto

Le soluzioni dell'equazione del moto si rappresentano attraverso orbite nello spazio delle fasi. Una costante del moto è una funzione costante lungo ogni orbita del sistema. Dato un sistema di equazioni differenziali del primo ordine:

una funzione scalare  è una costante del moto o quantità conservata se per tutte le condizioni iniziali si ha:

La soluzione del sistema è tangente al campo vettoriale , che può essere ad esempio un campo di velocità, ed è l'intersezione di due superfici: esse sono gli integrali primi del sistema di equazioni differenziali. Utilizzando la regola della catena si mostra che il campo vettoriale  è ortogonale al gradiente della quantità conservata .

Esempi

1 dimensione
Un caso semplice di legge oraria è quello della traiettoria di una particella puntiforme vincolata a stare su una retta. Presa come sistema di riferimento la retta stessa, orientata e con un'origine, la legge oraria è una funzione  che associa ad ogni istante  un punto  della retta (in questo caso il sistema di riferimento ortonormale e l'ascissa curvilinea coincidono). Per esempio, si supponga di avere una particella di massa  spinta da una forza costante  nella direzione positiva della retta. Applicando il secondo principio della dinamica si ha l'equazione del moto:

da cui, integrando due volte (o ricordando la formula per il moto rettilineo uniformemente accelerato) si ha la legge oraria:

2 dimensioni

Un caso meno banale, nel quale si vede anche la differenza tra sistema di riferimento cartesiano e ascissa curvilinea, è quello di un corpo puntiforme su un piano inclinato liscio, con inclinazione , sottoposto alla forza di gravità, come in figura. Il sistema di riferimento è preso con l'asse  orizzontale da sinistra a destra e l'asse  verticale orientato verso l'alto.

Il secondo principio della dinamica, una volta sommate tutte le forze, reazione vincolare inclusa, fornisce le due seguenti equazioni:

che si risolvono indipendentemente come due moti uniformemente accelerati lungo gli assi  e :

L'insieme di queste due funzioni è la legge oraria cercata: dato un valore del tempo  si può conoscere la posizione del punto tramite le sue coordinate cartesiane. Un'altra espressione della posizione può però essere data nei termini di un'ascissa coincidente col piano e diretta verso il basso: in questo modo il moto, che prima era bidimensionale, si riduce ad un moto unidimensionale lungo il piano. Con questo sistema di riferimento, l'equazione del moto è:

e la legge oraria:

Per chiarire il formalismo vettoriale si può definire un vettore posizione  come:

e la legge oraria è espressa come una funzione vettoriale:

Questo vettore è ambientato nel piano verticale formato dagli assi  e  ed indica istante per istante la posizione della particella. Lo spostamento della particella tra due istanti  e  è dato semplicemente da:

Note

Bibliografia

 C. Mencuccini - V. Silvestrini, Fisica I - Meccanica e Termodinamica 3ª ed., 1996, Liguori Editore ISBN 8820714930

Voci correlate
 Accelerazione
 Azione (fisica)
 Coordinate generalizzate
 Equazione differenziale ordinaria
 Equazioni di Eulero-Lagrange
 Integrale primo
 Lagrangiana
 Moto (fisica)
 Principio variazionale di Hamilton
 Sistema di riferimento
 Velocità

Collegamenti esterni

Dinamica
Meccanica classica
Equazioni nella fisica


So, that extended break in entries… I was a little distracted with life.
Originally, it was the day-to-day stuff that got busy, like Halloween, but then crap started happening and I wake up today feeling like I've been hit by a truck and spinning out control like the hub cap it left behind.
My Dad has been ill, and things took a turn on Sunday. It's not my news to share, but suffice it to say, I woke up to an urgent call at 8 a.m. and went to bed the following day at 2:30 a.m. There was a lifetime that happened in between. He is ok. Not great. Ok. He should be better if things continue the way they have for the past couple of hours. The problem is that things happened that shouldn't have. He was in a great deal of pain when he didn't have to be.
When the cashier at Wal-Mart makes a mistake on your bill, she can fix it. When the waiter messes up your order at the bar, you get a free drink. When the paint store mis tints your living room colour, you either learn to like lavender, or you get a refund. There is a reason why doctors are paid in a different tax bracket. The work they do and decisions they make not only impact the person they are in direct contact with, but also the legion of family and friends around that person.
Not reading a report is a mistake I would anticipate from someone working in a less accountable type of job. Not someone who is going to have to save a life. Patients need all the information to make informed decisions and fully understand what is happening to them.
We have launched an investigation to find out what happened in Dad's case. We can't change what has happened to him, but we can get some questions answered and prevent this from ever happening again, to him, or anyone else.


text:
Home > Battle of Port Hudson in a rare Confederate title...
Battle of Port Hudson in a rare Confederate title...
THE MEMPHIS DAILY APPEAL, Jackson, Mississippi, March 16, 1863
* Very rare Confederate title
* Battle of Port Hudson
If the title and city of publication seem to be in conflict, they are not. This newspaper had a fascinating history during the Civil War. Memphis was a Confederate stronghold up through the Battle of Memphis on June 6, 1862, at which time the Yankees moved in and it became a Yankee city. Being a strong voice for the Confederacy, the "Memphis Appeal" newspaper would not continue under Yankee control. As Wikipedia notes: "...On June 6, 1862, the presses and plates were loaded into a boxcar and moved to Grenada, Mississippi, where it published for some time. The Appeal later journeyed to Jackson, Mississippi, Meridian, Mississippi, Atlanta, Georgia, and finally Montgomery, Alabama, where the plates were destroyed on April 6, 1865, only days before the Confederate surrender, halting publication of what had been one of the major papers serving the Southern cause." So this one newspaper published in six different Confederate cities during the Civil War.
Among the front page items are: "Letter From Fredericksburg" "Colonel Sable of Arkansas" "A Travelers' Observations" "Last Hours at the Federal Congress" "Gen. Rosecranz" "A Slave Insurrection Projected by the Federal Authorities" "Kentucky Against Maine" "Confederate Officers In Prison at Camp Chase" which takes over a full column. Other smaller items as well.
The back page has many war-related items as well including: "From Port Hudson" "Battle At Port Hudson!" "Sloop of War Mississippi Burned!" "Federal Fleet Repulsed!" "Federal Reports from Middle Tennessee" "A Hellish Outrage" "Movements in North Carolina" "Battle at Port Hudson" "Vicksburg Items" "Letters from Vicksburg" and more. The bkpg. also has a very lengthy (nearly half column) "List Of Deserters From W. W. Faulkner's Command of Partisan Rangers" (see photos).
Some nice war-related content in a Confederate "Memphis" newspaper printed in Jackson, Mississippi. Single sheet, browning to the right side causes no loss of readability, but otherwise in nice condition.
Category: Confederate
Beginning moments of the Civil War......
Fall of New Orleans to the Yankees, i...
Lincoln compares unfavorably to King ...


BATH — The Jack Lisi Youth Award Board of Directors knows that recognizing young adults for their accomplishments is empowering and can make a world of difference in their lives. Now is the community's opportunity to assist area youth in a big way.
They are asking people to please nominate a deserving young adult (16 to 21 years old) for the prestigious Jack Lisi Youth Award (JLYA). The JLYA seeks to recognize youth who are often overlooked, have overcome obstacles, and/or exhibit a desire to succeed; this award is a way to help them continue their path to success.
Step 1: Go to the homepage, click on "JLYA Application." Step 2: Choose "Download." Step 3: Person completing the nomination (JLYA Application) has two options: Complete and submit via electronically by emailing the nomination to the youth's school contact OR sending the printed JLYA Application via mail to the youth's school contact.
You may, and are encouraged to, submit multiple nominations. All nominations should be received by Monday, March 15.


Daniel Harmon, no age or hometown provided, was struck by a CAT bus shortly before 4 p.m. Monday, Oct. 1, at Second and Market streets, police said.
Harrisburg Police have identified a man struck and killed by a city bus this week as being from York County.
Daniel Harmon, 63, no hometown provided, was struck by a Capital Area Transit bus shortly before 4 p.m. Monday, Oct. 1, at Second and Market streets, according to a news release from Harrisburg Police.
Officers tried to render aid to Harmon, but he succumbed to his injuries, the news release states.
Harrisburg Police Capt. Gabe Olivera said on Tuesday, Oct. 2, that Harmon was pronounced dead at the scene.
He said his department doesn't release addresses or hometowns of victims, instead having the Dauphin County Coroner's Office handle the release of that information.
But the Dauphin County Coroner's Office declined to release any information about Harmon, including his age and hometown, on Tuesday, saying more information would be released after an autopsy.
That autopsy is scheduled for Thursday, Oct. 4, according to the coroner's office.


text:
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This Video of a Steel Wool Photoshoot at Abandoned Warehouse is Hot
by Adam Sparkes
The now-classic multiple exposure or long exposure of someone spinning or otherwise manipulating burning steel wool isn't anything new. Getting a stylized look at how the shoot goes down, however, is always worth a click. I invite you to check out this video by YouTubers The Proper People. The group seems to usually reserve their videos for exploring interesting abandoned buildings and long-forgotten locations. It's a pretty cool urban exploring site, for those of you into paying trespassing tickets.
Why is Renowned Playboy Photographer Jarmo Pohjaniemi Using a Canon EF 11-24mm f/4L?
by Nino Batista
While there are obviously no strict rules about what lenses a photographer should buy, my curiosity was piqued recently, when legendary Glamour Photographer Jarmo Pohjaniemi (Playboy, Shoot The Centerfold) announced he was headed to Santorini with a pair of Canon EF 11-24 f/4L USM lenses. I assumed he was going to shoot landscapes (after all, it's Santorini), but his answers when I asked were far more interesting than that.
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Hyperlapse Shows Thousands of Years of Color and Culture Still Present in Modern Iran
by Adam Ottke
Stanislas Giroux gets it. All of his videos have a common thread of featuring fantastic soundtracks. This video, "Curves of Iran," celebrates modern Iran's rich visual textures and — you guessed it — curves. Fitted to great music, fun (but fitting) sound effects to every cut, and a great overall tempo, this video makes use of hyperlapse-like cuts, but spares your brain from the monotony of yet another time-lapse by letting the actual shots play in real time once you've "arrived" at your new destination. Truly imaginative. And at the Giroux's request, I'll remind you to listen with headphones.
See the Epic Photos from the Exclusive Photo Walk at CERN
by Hillary Fox
CERN is a renowned international nuclear research facility located just outside Geneva. Straddling the border between Switzerland and France, it's home to the infamous Large Hadron Collider — the largest single machine ever made by humankind. It was built to find the Higgs boson, often referred to as the elusive "God particle." CERN recently hosted a small group of select photographers for a rare photo walk throughout their massive experimental laboratory, and we have an exclusive first look at the photos.
9 Photography Tips When Photographing Cityscapes from a Helicopter
by Patrick Hall
Aerial photography has always been something that I have found interesting. Seeing so many of our writers like David Geffin, Mike Kelley, and Noam Galai capture exciting photos and video from the sky has inspired me to finally attempt my first doors-off helicopter excursion. In just one short one-hour ride, I've learned a lot of do's and don'ts as well as a bunch of things to experiment with again. I even attempted shooting with a $7,000 lens that everyone told me would be a disaster — and it nearly was!
Tilt-Shift Time-Lapse Filmed from a Drone Makes Detroit Look Amazing
by Casey Berner
To say that time-lapse video and drone footage is everywhere would be an understatement. YouTube is chalk full of amateur aerial video with the recent abundance of inexpensive drones, and time-lapse clips are everywhere. If they are a fad remains to be seen but sometimes we get to see some really innovative videos showcasing some true creativity.
10 More Photographers You Should Be Following On Fstoppers
by Lee Morris
Last week I made a list of 10 of my favorite photographers to follow on Fstoppers and a few people complained that too many of them were "portrait" photographers. I've scoured the community again and today I've created a new list with 10 incredible, additional photographers who shoot much more than your average portrait.
The Things I Wish I Knew Before Launching My First Kickstarter Campaign
by Mike Kelley
As I close in on the last eight hours of my very first Kickstarter campaign, I wanted to share some of the knowledge I've gained through this amazing experience that might help other people who are thinking of launching a Kickstarter. It's a daunting experience but one that can hopefully be improved by learning as much as you can before you start.
You Will Never Be Ready for Your First Kickstarter Campaign, and That's Okay (Part 2)
It's been a week since we launched a Kickstarter campaign for my first book, and what an interesting week it has been. As expected, I'm learning a ton about myself, about Kickstarter, about living on two hours of sleep, and about how amazing it is to have people that you don't know or have never met before support you right here and now in real time.
Beauty Blooms in Blight: Striking Photos Show Burst of Color in Forgotten Home
There's something about old places that always leaves you with a feeling of uncertain familiarity. Old places and empty places are like ghosts drifting behind us humming childhood singsongs just an octave below audible as we pace through their halls. If you're from Detroit, you know that these places are aplenty. Some mighty like Roman ruins, some meek and shuttering in the wind, and most begging for new life. A new life is just what you'll notice when you look at Michigan photographer Heather Saunders' photos of the amazing art installation, "The Flower House," which documents two long-abandoned homes in Hamtramck, Mich.
Stunning Images of Frickin' LASERS Exemplify Awesomeness of Science and Photography
It's not quite "sharks with frickin' laser beams attached to their heads" like Dr. Evil intended, but the recently released photos of the European Southern Observatory's new 22-watt LASER show a beautiful marriage of science and photography that's hard not to love.
Chris Miele Photographs Beautiful Futuristic Buildings in Detroit, Not the Typical Urbex Ruins
by Aaron Brown
I'm a fan of Detroit. I love its history, its people, and the current fight within the city to bring it back to its former glory. There's a movement going on in Detroit that's often left out of the typical conversation. There's an art scene. There's music. There's life. Chris Miele captured one specific part of Detroit that has become convenient to forget about in a time now popular for abandoned building urbexing. He's an outdoor photographer who focused on the good still left in the city of Detroit, Michigan. Shying away from the usual "rubble porn", Miele showcases the awesome structures within a city's futuristic past.
Stunning and Mesmerizing Dubai "Flow Motion" Time-lapse by Rob Whitworth Takes Us for a Ride
Rob Whitworth builds upon his previous experience from his innovative Barcelona "flow motion" time-lapse with this new production covering the business oasis, Dubai. In his latest piece, Whitworth makes it apparent that he has perfected his craft to create the most fascinating time-lapse we've seen so far. We asked him to comment on his process. And while we got some behind-the-scenes footage and images, Whitworth simply told us, "It's always fun to keep people guessing." So by all means, let's guess.
Critique The Community: Architecture Edition with Mike Kelley
In this episode of Critique the Community, we are joined by architectural photographer Mike Kelley. Mike has been a long time writer for Fstoppers and last year Fstoppers produced the highly proclaimed photography and Photoshop tutorial Where Art Meets Architecture. Today Mike and I give an extended critique of 20 architectural images submitted through the Fstoppers Community.
How to Photograph and Retouch a Hotel Room in 15 Minutes
Last year at my workshop in the Bahamas, my students challenged me to photograph a hotel room in under five minutes. They then wanted to see how fast I could retouch it, and I've decided to do it again, this time capturing it on camera, to show everyone what is possible with only a few minutes on location, a bit of Photoshop knowledge, and of course a lot of practice in the art of previsualization!
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text: #include "ChoreoDevice.h"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home / National News / Montreal Police Serious About Accountability and Transparency? Re-introduce Body Cameras
Montreal Police Serious About Accountability and Transparency? Re-introduce Body Cameras
in National News February 27, 2020 0
By Yvonne Sam
Contributing Columnist
In his report on the death of Robert Henault, a 70-year-old man, who was shot dead, during a police intervention in 2013, Coroner, Paul Dionne, recommended the use of body cameras, by the police.
At the time Montreal Mayor, Denis Coderre, said the cameras would help protect, both citizens and police officers, in an era, where nearly everyone is armed with a cell phone video camera.
"We need to be in tune with the times and, as we can see, the times have clearly changed," Coderre said, contending that the cameras would give a more complete sense of events. In the company of Montreal's police Chief, Philippe Pichet, the Mayor further intimated that the pilot project could, very likely, become something "permanent". www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/montreal-police-get-body-cameras-1.3586842
On May 1, 2016, the pilot project was launched. Seventy-eight patrol officers wore the cameras, for nearly a year, in a real work context, from May 2016 to April 2017. The initiative was the first of its kind in Quebec. Officers would be trained to know when to turn the camera on, or off, during police operations. While they would be able to view the videos they recorded, officers are unable to modify or delete them. spvm.qc.ca/en/Fiches/Details/Portable-Cameras–Pilot-Project-For-Police-Officers.
After the yearlong trial, the Service de Police de la Ville de Montreal (SPVM), concluded that body cameras present operational and logistical challenges, in addition to leaving the wearers with a feeling of being under surveillance. The year-long pilot project cost $1.5 million.
At an executive meeting, on February 6, 2019, Montreal's current Mayor, Valerie La Plante, openly voiced her decision, not to provide Montreal police officers with body cameras, saying the devices would be too costly for the city.
"We heard the pros and the cons, but our position, at this time, is not to go ahead with body cameras," she said www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/montreal-police-no-body-cameras-plante-1.5007697.
The 215-page report, presented to Montreal's Public Security Committee, outlined the cost of outfitting all 3,000 patrol officers with body cameras, at $17.4 million, over five years, and a further $24 million, annually, given the involved labour and equipment costs.
According to Axon, the company that provided the SPVM with body cameras for the pilot project, the SPVM's estimate is inflated. www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/montreal-police-body-cameras-1.5001814.
Axon's Regional Manager for Canada, Stefan Schurman, notified the public security committee that costs are far lower than described in the report, and also the fact that video processing is not as time consuming as the Mayor suggests.
Additionally, he said his company wants to sit down with the SPVM and re-examine the cost estimates. www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/montreal-police-body-cameras-1.5001814
The SPVM has not even sat down yet, and the game is about to change. What will be their next move, seeing that they are already out of the groove? The problem of affordability would soon come face to face with reality, as the future of policing changes you see.
Axon, the body camera maker, has released a new camera that can be activated by an officer's gunshot and is capable of streaming live video. Such a feature would be of great concern to Montreal's "boys in blue", as they have already expressed concern, regarding their feeling, of being under surveillance, when using the body cam.
On February 17, 2020, with the addition of 1,000 new Axon cameras, Cincinnati became the first American city to roll out police body cameras, with live-streaming capabilities. securitytoday.com/articles/2020/02/24/cincinnati-police-become-first-city-to-install-body-cameras-with-live-streaming-capability.aspx
This system is specifically devised to allow dispatchers or commanders to view an emergency situation, in real time, or find an officer, who has become lost or hurt during the incident.
Axon the largest supplier of police body cams in the U. S., claims that the system will be activated, whenever it detects a gun has been drawn, a gunshot is heard, or a Taser is turned on. This feature of live streaming is not exactly new.
Plainly put, if the Montreal Police Department wants to see tangible improvements in officer-community relations, then live-streaming cameras should be seen as one step in a broader series of reforms, supporting accountability and transparency.
In 2016, Visual Labs, a smaller company, founded by Stanford University computer science graduates, provided the same livestreaming, but lacked some of Axon's features. Now being used in a handful of U. S police departments, it is an Android app that permits policemen to live-stream from their department-issued mobile phones. The company calls itself "the first body camera company that doesn't produce a camera", according to its chief operating officer. www.vice.com/en_us/article/9a3ddv/visual-labs-police-body-camera-livestream.
The new cameras will film in 1080 progressive scan, and be equipped with software that allows the officers to obtain transcripts of the audio in the footage. Absent from the cameras will be facial recognition capabilities, but will have "face detection" software that will grant officers to skip to parts of the video where people are present. The large amount of footage will be stored in a computing cloud, maintained by Axon and Microsoft. Cincinnati police plan to limit who has access to the live-streaming capabilities and where the footage is stored.
www.washingtonpost.com/crime-law/2020/02/19/axon-rolls-out-next-level-police-technology-live-streaming-body-cameras/
As part of an "Officer Safety Plan", Axon is packaging the new body camera at a cost of $200 per officer, per month. Included in the bundle, is the camera, equipped with four microphones for greatly-improved audio, the software for the camera and its footage, unlimited storage space in the Axon cloud, a Taser weapon and unlimited Taser cartridges. Axon also makes Tasers, the electronic weapon that launches two darts connected to the Taser and uses the electrical circuit to temporarily disable a person. www.fool.com/investing/2019/07/26/axon-shows-progress-selling-new-products.aspx
It should be pointed out that livestreaming does not mean it will be done publicly. In the police world, when cops talk about live-streaming, they mean live-streaming, back to headquarters. In other words, a video, being recorded by an officer, can be viewed, in real time, by someone — the officer's chief, perhaps — located elsewhere.
Like any other facet of policing, live-streaming police video is fraught with positives and negatives. On a positive note, livestreaming can make policing safer and efficacious, if a police is considering the use of force, it would be helpful to have a superior in his/her ear. First on the scene of a crime in progress, are police officers, and having the ability to access the camera, in real time, is amazing. It would be a tactical advantage in high-stress situations, like an active shooter, for the dispatcher can watch and deploy other officers if deemed necessary.
On the converse, body cameras go into sensitive places. With streaming, it would not be just the officer, but somebody else. Hence, there must be serious limits, as to whom the video is streamed.
It is apparent that the service de Police de la Ville de Montreal has some serious catching up to do, if it is to keep up with current technology, as it relates to crime fighting. Body cameras will not single-handedly improve police accountability, as research has shown that they are only as successful, as they departments, in which they are implemented.
The fact that the camera activates — when a weapon is drawn, or when a sound is received, through the Shot Spotter gunshot-detection technology — should cause more shootings to be recorded.
Officers sometimes do not have time to reach for their body-camera button, during a fast-moving incident, but now, it will turn on automatically. This is certainly great comfort, and if officers are out on the beat, they know that someone can find them, if they need to.
Citizens should know that officers are being held accountable.
To the Mayor of Montreal (Valerie La Plante), the Head of the SPVM (Sylvain Caron), Minister of Public Security (Genevieve Guilbault), Head of Police Brother (Yves Francoeur), please open the door and recommence the discussion once more.
Madame Mayor inflating the cost would be the citizens' loss. Not only will the live-streaming cameras protect people, who make legitimate complaints, but the technology will also protect the police, from allegations of the use of excessive force.
To quote Police Chief, Robert White, after ordering 800 cameras for the Denver Police Department, "The only officers, who would have a problem with body cams, are bad officers". African-American activist, Rosa Parks, said, "You must never be fearful about what you are doing, when it is right".
So to the boys in blue: cast aside your fear, and show the community you truly care.
Yvonne Sam, a retired Head Nurse and Secondary School Teacher, is Vice-president of the Guyana Cultural Association of Montreal. A regular columnist for over two decades with the Montreal Community Contact, her insightful and incursive articles on topics ranging from politics, human rights and immigration, to education and parenting have also appeared in the Huffington Post, Montreal Gazette, XPressbogg and Guyanese OnLine. She is also the recipient of the Governor General of Canada Caring Canadian Citizen Award.


text:
require_relative 'map_formulae_to_ruby'

class CompileToRuby

  attr_accessor :settable
  attr_accessor :worksheet
  attr_accessor :defaults

  def self.rewrite(*args)
    self.new.rewrite(*args)
  end

  def rewrite(input, sheet_names, output)
    self.settable ||= lambda { |ref| false }
    self.defaults ||= []
    mapper = MapFormulaeToRuby.new
    mapper.sheet_names = sheet_names
    input.each do |ref, ast|
      begin
        worksheet = ref.first.to_s
        cell = ref.last
        mapper.worksheet = worksheet
        worksheet_c_name = mapper.sheet_names[worksheet] || worksheet.to_s
        name = worksheet_c_name.length > 0 ? "#{worksheet_c_name}_#{cell.downcase}" : cell.downcase
        if settable.call(ref)
          output.puts "  attr_accessor :#{name} # Default: #{mapper.map(ast)}"
          defaults << "    @#{name} = #{mapper.map(ast)}"
        else
          output.puts "  def #{name}; @#{name} ||= #{mapper.map(ast)}; end"
        end
      rescue Exception => e
        puts "Exception at #{ref} => #{ast}"
        raise
      end
    end
  end

end


text:
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Kurt Estermann, O.Univ.Prof. Mag.
University Professor in Sacred Composition (incl. Compositional Technique)
Kurt.ESTERMANN@moz.ac.at
Kurt Estermann was born in 1960 in Innsbruck and comes from a family of musicians. After completing his schooling and studies in his home town he was awarded final diplomas in composition, sacred music, concert music for organ and harpsichord from the Academy of Music and Performing Art in Vienna. Teachers with strong personalities such as Erich Urbanner, Peter Planyavsky, Michael Radulescu and Gordon Murray made a decisive impression on Estermann.
Courses and encounters with Wolfgang Rihm and György Ligeti influenced his further development as a composer.
Kurt Estermann has been awarded prizes and distinctions both for his compositions and for his concert activity performing on keyboard instruments: 1985 organ competition in Bruges, Belgium; 1987 Tyrol music encouragement prize; 1989 and 1995 acknowledgement prize from the ministry; 1989 Hofhaymer competition in Innsbruck; 1996 composition prize from the Tyrol Singing Association; 1997 music encouragement prize from the state, 1999 prize for artistic creativity from the city of Innsbruck.
Since 1996 Kurt Estermann has been commissioned to compose works and perform regularly at the Klangspuren Festival in Schwaz, at ORF Vienna, at the Galerie St. Barbara Hall in Tyrol, at St. Stephan in Vienna, at the Tyrol Easter Festival, in Lockenhaus as well as in Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Poland and America. Kurt Estermann has repeatedly been a member of the jury of the Slatkonia Prize awarded by the archdiocese of Vienna and for the music encouragement prize awarded by the federal chancellery.
In the year 2000 Kurt Estermann took over the chair of Sacred Composition at the Mozarteum University in Salzburg. His compositional Oeuvre comprises primarily organ music, works for voice and organ, choral works, orchestral and ensemble music. His publisher is Doblinger, Vienna.
His fascination with the organ involves him not only in searching as a composer for new sound possibilities but in research and raising the awareness of it as a historical instrument. In this context Kurt Estermann is chief editor of two series of books published by Helbling in Innsbruck: Tiroler Orgelschatz and Studia Wilthinensia Artis Organi. The aim is to make these unique monuments in the history of music better understood, with their tradition, their artistic and innovative construction, with their history and the outstanding personalities who feature in it. In this way research in sound studies – as a signpost pointing towards the future – is also concerned with the past.
Major compositions and performances since 2000: Symphonische Variationen Sub tuum praesidium 2000 Innsbruck, Te Deum Laudamus 2001 Bolzano, Heimat 2002 Innsbruck, Ad cenam Agni providi 2003 Cologne, Il Canto Di Frate Sole 2004 Lockenhaus, Symphonie für Rezitator und großes Orchester 2005 Berlin, Doppelkonzert für Cembalo, Orgelpositiv und Streicher 2006 Innsbruck, Symphonie III 2007 Klangspuren Festival in Schwaz, Hommage á Josquin 2008 Vienna, PROPRIEN 09 2009 Vienna, Orchesterstück I + II 2010 Festspielhaus Erl, Orgelkonzert II 2011 Kongresshaus Innsbruck, psallere 2012 Vienna, digressio : memoria 2013 Innsbruck, psallere II 2014 Fulda, INVOCATIO MAGNA 2015 Linz, Marienvesper 2016 Klagenfurt, Streichquartett II 2017 Vienna, der Weltuntergang findet wieder nicht statt 2018 Innsbruck.