Compare Chatham, stateshort} Medigap insurance companies within minutes. Quote comparison is the best way to locate affordable Medicare Supplmental insurance in Chatham. To begin enter your Zip Code and press "Compare Your Options". Our website will search for the best Medigap insurance carriers and providers in Alger county. Finding the best coverage and low cost premium that fit your needs and budget can literally take you 20 minutes or less.
If you do want to get quotes for Medigap policies, you can either contact local insurance providers in Chatham, Michigan, or you can use the Internet to help you find them. Submitting your information to these insurance providers will allow them to calculate how much you are going to pay. They will have different policy levels that you can choose from just like any ordinary health insurance policy. The amount that you pay is usually reflective of how much coverage you will have. In many cases, it's better to go with the most expensive plan so that you eliminate the possibility of being blindsided by very expensive medical bills.
Although we had just stated that you should pay the most money for Medigap insurance, this is only reflective of contacting one particular health insurance provider. Your goal is to get multiple quotes from different companies and look at all of the rates collectively. You will see that there are policies that are virtually identical, but they could be several hundred dollars a month less then other policies that are the same. In this case, you will want to choose the Chatham, Michigan Medigap policy that is the lowest price which will come from one particular insurance provider.
Picking your health insurance coverage plan can be really confusing. If you make the incorrect decisions, you could conclude up paying out way too significantly for your coverage, or even worse, you may not be coated for certain solutions that you need to have. Study this write-up for some valuable guidelines on obtaining the most out of your wellness insurance policy.
Make positive your insurance policy will include abroad doctor visits. If you have wellness insurance coverage, it is critical to go through the wonderful print. You don't want to get ill in a international country, go to the medical professional, and discover oneself unable to spend for it. Make sure you have further funds offered must your overall health insurance policies provider not protect the expenditures.
To help save cash on your well being insurance coverage strategy, do not be fooled by strategies with delivers that are too excellent to be accurate. For occasion, some plans could not call for any costs for distinct every day preventative treatment, but do not have the benefits that several other well being insurance policies strategies provide.
Make sure your well being insurance policies is not getting "grandfathered" in. Some companies do not have to supply the new adjustments required by law, because they have been in company for a very long time, or they know an individual larger up. If your coverage is one of these, commence looking for a new organization.
The way you deal with your wellness treatment insurance policies might really make you tax breaks all around April. A lot of men and women will not realize that their overall health insurance coverage rates are tax deductible. Any money you spend to cover your deductible, your prescriptions, or any visits that your insurance policy isn't going to protect can also be deducted from your taxable earnings. Point out taxes are distinct from federal taxes, so make sure you check out recommendations.
Find out the strict protection information of your health insurance coverage coverage. Whilst your policy could point out that it covers crisis visits, some hospitals and physicians charge independently for your treatment. Your coverage may possibly cover the hospital's expenses, but not the doctor's. If you are uncertain about how your business handles this, contact them and ask.
If you need to have much more health insurance policies, do not consider out a next plan. Alternatively, insert a "rider" to your current plan. This is normally considerably less high-priced. Only in some cases, is it more value effective to consider out a next plan. If the person is in outstanding health, you may want to shop around.
Go through above your well being care handbook and it will give you a good deal of knowledge that will be helpful in the long term. Your service provider will ship you a booklet masking all the information of your coverage and studying it include to cover is the only way to completely recognize all of the rewards available to you. Even though it could seem to be a minor tedious, you will reward from realizing all the details.
Even if you have a PPO, if you happen to be contemplating any kind of procedure, you need to definitely speak to your well being insurance firm to be confident the process you want to have is coated. All as well frequently, folks have techniques completed without checking with their health insurance policies business, only to discover right after the fact that the procedure was not lined and they are now a hundred% financially responsible for it. Know before you go!
When seeking to acquire health insurance coverage for by yourself and your family members, it is a wise concept to think about affiliating with a group. This is a wonderful way to conserve money as team insurance is usually cheaper than personal insurance policies. When you are on workers your employer is immediately in a position to get team prices. If you are on your own you can uncover a group. Alumni associations or trade teams may permit you sign up for for insurance policies functions.
Ahead of obtaining a infant you ought to know about how considerably you will have to spend even with health insurance policy. If you have a PPO you may possibly conclude up paying about $one thousand or even a lot more for the beginning. If you have an HMO your fees will possibly be a whole lot reduce. It is ideal to determine it out ahead of you get pregnant.
As you have seen, wellness insurance policy does not have to be a source of nervousness and tension. As soon as you have mastered the fundamentals, it can truly be fairly simple to locate the insurance policies you require. Just keep in mind what you've uncovered from looking through this post and your wellness insurance policies troubles will be a thing of the earlier.


text:
/ Coverage /
The Amp Hour
Founded the company with Jonathon Friedman, from across the Atlantic!
Andrew went to school in Leeds but left for a design position.
Previously worked for companies such as Turnsafe and Active RF and in his spare time worked on model rockets. Check out all of his past work on his personal site.
London is barren, but outlying areas of the UK do electronics. Hardware is stronger in Cambridge, with companies such as ARM and Cambridge Silicon Radio.
There is also the M4 corridor, west of London
Amateur electronics is growing in London. Shared spaces, Makerspaces and Hackerspaces allow for shared tools, which are a premium in expensive real estate areas.
Andrew and the team needed to learn web software and currently use CoffeeScript, a JavaScript stack
CircuitHub uses an online interface to create parts and then allows users to find and sync with the footprints and schematic symbols using Dropbox. The site creates parts compatible with 3 of the top PCB CAD programs available today and more are planned for the future.
Circuit hub is sponsoring hackathon along with yCombinator and Upverter (and more!)
How parts are handled depends on workplace culture and software packages. Altium and EAGLE handle associating footprints different and big companies might have a librarian whereas smaller companies may not.
Companies likely won't be revealing any information by pulling and sharing footprints from a central database, but trust will be an issue with larger companies.
They will be open sourcing all possible code and feeding it back to the community. You can view the team's work on GitHub.
The main tool will always be free. Revenue will come later by integrating with manufacturing.
The project started because Jon and Andrew were "scratching their own itch". They submitted a yCombinator application on deadline day.
Because it's strikingly difficult to get a visa for the US, even if you're a founder of a startup, they are operating out of Playa del Carmen for the next few months. The US has only recently considered any kind of legislation in this area (!?)
Andrew reluctantly agreed to some kind of gamification in order to encourage participation ("we'll see," he says). Chris cited the awesome Adafruit badges as a good example of this in action.
Be sure to head over to CircuitHub.com and start an account. You can start pulling in designs to your projects and submitting new footprints to the community.
You can follow Andrew on Twitter at @seddonandrew and can also follow @CircuitHub.
CircuitHub Helps Hardware Startups Scale From Prototype to Production

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Cyprinella lutrensis és una espècie de peix de la família dels ciprínids i de l'ordre dels cipriniformes.

Morfologia
Els mascles poden assolir els 9 cm de longitud total.

Distribució geogràfica
Es troba a Nord-amèrica: Estats Units i nord de Mèxic.

Referències

Bibliografia
 Baird, S. F. & C. F. Girard. 1853. Descriptions of new species of fishes, collected by captains R. B. Marcy, and Geo. B. M'Clellan, in Arkansas. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. v. 6: 390-392.

 Page, L.M. i B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Estats Units.
 Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea i W.B. Scott, 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Pub. (20):183 p.

lutrensis

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


(CNN) - Three times as many Asian-Americans have been running for Congress in 2012 than in the past two elections, a nonpartisan political group says, and it's a development that portends greater changes in demographic trends and reflects the recent political awakening of a minority group long confined to the margins of American society.
"It's extremely exciting," says Gloria Chan, president and CEO of the Asian Pacific Institute for Congressional Studies. "We could really stand to gain seats and affect the balance of power in Congress."
Including Pacific Islanders, 30 Asian-Americans launched campaigns for Congress this year, compared with 10 in 2010 and eight in 2008, according to an APICS count.
Though several of the Asian-American candidates lost their primaries, others stand to become the first people of Asian descent in their respective states - New York, Tennessee and Florida, for instance - to join the legislative body.
George Takei for PRESIDENT!!!! Mr. Sulu WILL take you down!!!! GO! GO! GO!!!! C'mon everyone! Let's get this Man in the White House!!!!


text:
ChangeLab Solutions Staffer Nabs Award
Heather Wootan, senior planner and program director at ChangeLab Solutions, has been awarded a 2014 William R. and June Dale Prize for Excellence in Urban and Regional Planning from the Department of Urban and Regional Planning at Cal Poly, Pomona.
This year's Dale Prize highlights the link between urban planning and public health, according to ChangeLab Solutions. Wootan has spent her career working on ways to improve food systems, from conducting a food system assessment for the City of Oakland as a graduate student to founding the Oakland Food Policy Council in 2009. At ChangeLab Solutions, she works with communities nationwide to develop and implement plans and policies that support healthy food systems.
"It's truly an honor to be the recipient of this award," Wootan says in a statement. "I'm also really happy to see the Dale Prize committee recognizing the field I work in, and turning a spotlight on how important food systems and food access are for healthy cities and healthy people."


Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System is an island city from the Sassanid era with a complex irrigation system situated in Iran's Khuzestan Province. It has been registered on UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites in 2009 as Iran's 12Th cultural heritage site to be registered on the United Nations' list. The Shushtar water mills ones are the best ones which operation in order to use water in ancient periods. These include a collection of dams, tunnels, ancillary canals watermills which utilized as Industry–Economic collection. GarGar was built on the watermills and waterfalls that abstracted on storm the GarGar branches and have function similar of up to date dams to lead the water in the tunnel of watermills.
Bolayti canal is situated in eastern side of the water mills and water falls and the function of this canal is to supply the water from behind the GarGar bridge to the east side of water mills and the channel the water of river in order to prevent the damage to the water mills. Dahaneye shahr tunnel (city orifice) is one of the three main tunnels which channeled the water from behind the GarGar into the water mill and then run several water mills. Seh Koreh canal channels the water from behind the GarGar bridge into the western side.
In water mills and water falls, there are noticeable mills we can see a perfect model of haltering to run mills. The Band-e Kaisar an approximately 500-metre long Roman weir across the Karun was the key structure of the complex which along with the Band-i-Mizan retained and diverted river water into the irrigation canals in the area. Built by a Roman workforce in the 3rd century AD on Sassanid order it was the most eastern Roman bridge and Roman dam and the first structure in Iran to combine a bridge with a dam.
Parts of the irrigation system are said to originally date to the time of Darius the Great the Achaemenian king of Iran. It partly consists of a pair of primary diversion canals in the Karun river one of which is still in use today. It delivers water to the City of Shushtar via a route of supplying tunnels. The area includes Selastel Castel which is the axis for operation of the hydraulic system. It also consists of a tower for water level measurement along with bridges, dams, mills, and basins. Then it enters the plain south from the city where its impact includes enabling the possibility of farming over the area called Mianab and planting orchards. In fact the whole area between the two diversion canals (Shutayt and Gargar) on Karun river called Mianab an island having the Shushtar city at its northern end. The site has been referred to as a masterpiece of creative genius by UNESCO.


Adeptus Titanicus has the potential to have a really impressive range of models. There's nothing more EPIC than massive god-machines going toe-to-toe and there is lots of room for expansion.
I have been pretty excited about the return of Titans on the Tabletop. I love the look and scale of Adeptus Titanicus and I really hoping that it gets more love in the very near future. We know the Reaver and the Warhound are on the way already – it's just a matter of time for those kits to be released. But as a game and a model range, Adeptus Titanicus has plenty of room to grow.
These are the largest type of Imperial Titan that was produced by the Imperium. It's not just a Titan, but a mobile fortress – as in it has a freaking FORTRESS on it's back. Ridiculous? Yeah, but it's also one of the most iconic images from all of the Grimdark.
There are actually two different variants that were know to have existed – the Imperator and the Warmonger. As a model kit, GW could certainly construct a dual kit and include bits for both. In terms of scale, that's the real question. The art work can be a tad misleading due to perspective and a lot of the background lore is conflicting in terms of height. But in the tabletop, I think if you took one of the larger 40k Knight kits (like an Acastus Knight Porphyrion or even a Knight Castellan) and stood it next to a Warlord, you might be in the ballpark.
We know GW and Forge World can make BIG kits. Even though the Warlord is about as large as they want to go (for now) there is still the possibility they could go BIGGER.
The current setting of the game is the Horus Heresy. Personally, I think choosing to start there was probably a good call. It limits the amount of risk because you only need to focus on one set of miniatures to start – traitors and loyalists both used the same Titans. That said, how long do you really think it's going to be before we start to see some Chaos Tainted Titans pop-up?
The skeleton of the Reaver is done – all GW would really need to do is create some new armor plates and weapon swaps and BOOM – Chaos Reaver option. What's preventing them from doing the same thing for the Warlord or Warhound? Time and resources, yes…but it's certainly not a tech issue.
I really don't think fans are giving the designer enough props for the way they laid out the sprues for this game. If you look at the three Warlord Sprues, it's clear to see a lot of fore-thought went into them. If they "Chaosified" the above sprue then they could easily repackage it as a Chaos Warlord. Same with the weapon sprues. It's brilliant.
While it would more technically complex than just swapping out Sprues in the box, I think a Xenos expansion is a pretty obvious next step. Just as advancing the timeline allows for the addition of Chaos the same can be said for Orks, Eldar and even Tyranids.
The Eldar can pop-up pretty much whenever, timeline wise. And the Tyranids can appear anytime after Behemoth shows up on the scene.
As far as the rules go, each race would probably need rules and play-testing. I'm not under any illusions that it would be a fast turn around. But that doesn't mean it's not feasible. The core concept of the game – managing your giant robot's mobility, defenses, and firepower – all translate over. The Command Consoles would need to look different and the naming would need to be converted – but again, all those things are doable.
Adeptus Titanicus is a game that could very easily have some legs on it. If it gets the support it needs, it could be a thriving force on the tabletop.
These might all be pipe-dreams for now, but it's sure is fun to think about where GW can go from here…Where do you think they can take Adeptus Titanicus?


text:
Mordt ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 Gustav Adolph Mordt (1826–1856), norwegischer Maler
 Per Edmund Mordt (* 1965), norwegischer Fußballspieler
 Ray Mordt (* 1957), südafrikanischer Rugby-Union-Spieler


Welcome our Rowdy Sprout- Unplugged re-print project!
A hand full of our most popular designs back in action on a variety of different styled tees, tanks and dresses!
These are extremely limited- and once they are gone they are gone again forever!


Current chemotherapy of human African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness relies on drugs developed decades ago, some of which show toxic side effects. One promising line of research towards the development of novel anti-trypanosomal drugs are small-molecule inhibitors of Trypanosoma brucei cysteine proteinases.
In this study, we demonstrate that treatment of T. brucei-infected mice with the inhibitor, carbobenzoxy-phenylalanyl-alanine-diazomethyl ketone (Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2), alters parasite morphology and inhibits cell division. Following daily intra-peritoneal administration of 250 mg kg-1 of Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2 on days three and four post infection (p.i.), stumpy-like forms with enlarged lysosomes were evident by day five p.i. In addition, trypanosomes exposed to the inhibitor had a 65% greater protein content than those from control mice. Also, in contrast to the normal 16% of parasites containing two kinetoplasts – a hallmark of active mitosis, only 4% of trypanosomes exposed to the inhibitor were actively dividing, indicating cell cycle-arrest.
We suggest that inhibition of endogenous cysteine proteinases by Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2 depletes the parasite of essential nutrients necessary for DNA synthesis, which in turn, prevents progression of the cell cycle. This arrest then triggers differentiation of the long-slender into short-stumpy forms.
Trypanosoma brucei is the aetiological agent of human African trypanosomaisis or sleeping sickness. At present there are only four drugs available for treatment of sleeping sickness and some of these induce serious side effects . With this in mind, recent research has shown that small-molecule inhibitors of Clan CA cysteine proteinases [2, 3] kill T. brucei in vitro and alleviate parasitiemia in mouse models of the disease [4–7]. As possible targets for these inhibitors, two cysteine proteinases have been identified. The first, an ortholog of mammalian cathepsin B (tbcatB), is a single copy gene and expressed in both procyclic and bloodstream forms, but with greater detectable mRNA levels in the latter stage . As yet, its sub-cellular localization is unclear but may be in either the endosome and/or lysosome. Tetracycline-induced RNAi of tbcatB resulted in dysmorphic parasites leading to cell death , raising the possibility that tbcatB may be a useful molecular target for disease intervention.
The second potential target for cysteine proteinase inhibitors, termed trypanopain-Tb , brucipain  or rhodesain , is a cathepsin L-like cysteine proteinase [10, 11] encoded by 11 gene copies  and predominant in terms of enzymatic activity . Inhibition of brucipain by the small molecule inhibitor, carbobenzoxy-phenylalanyl-alanine-diazomethyl ketone (Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2), correlated with the compound's trypanocidal action in vivo . Also, this and other peptidyl inhibitors blocked proteinolysis in the lysosome as evidenced by the accumulation of undigested FITC-transferrin [4, 7], data consistent with the lysosomal localization of brucipain using specific antibodies [9, 13]. Brucipain is developmentally expressed, with approximately five-fold more protein found in short-stumpy forms than in either long-slender or procyclic forms .
Here, we demonstrate that Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2 when administered to mice infected with T. brucei results in parasites with altered cell morphology, a decreased capacity to degrade intracellular protein and an inability to mitotically replicate. We discuss these findings with respect to the parasite proteases targeted by Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2.
To study the effect of Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2 on the cell morphology and cell division activity of bloodstream-form trypanosomes in vivo, mice infected with T. brucei were injected i.p. once daily on days 3 and 4 p.i. with 250 mg kg-1 of the inhibitor or vehicle alone. On day 5 p.i., blood smears were prepared and parasites were isolated from infected blood.
For examining the cell morphology of the parasites by light microscopy, blood smears were stained with May-Grünwald dye. In the blood of control mice, a mixed population of dividing long-slender forms and cell-arrested short-stumpy forms was found (Fig. 1b), with significantly (four times) more long-slender forms. In contrast, the blood of Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2-treated mice contained few long-slender forms and almost all trypanosomes (>90%) appeared as stumpy-like forms (Fig. 1a). In addition, a large blue-stained region was observed between the kinetoplast and the nucleus, i.e., in a position consistent with that of the lysosome (Fig. 1a). That this is the lysosome is corroborated by the fact that the May-Grünwald dye stains acidic cell components. Long-slender and short-stumpy forms from control mice did not contain this structure (Fig. 1b).
Effect of Z-Phe-Ala-CHN 2 on the morphology of T. brucei bloodstream forms in vivo. Mice that had been infected with the pleomorphic variant clone AnTat 1.1 were injected intraperitoneally with 250 mg kg-1 of Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2 or vehicle alone on days 3 and 4 p.i. On day 5 p.i., blood smears were prepared and stained with May-Grünwald's stain solution. Representative examples from Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2-treated mice (a) and control mice (b) are shown. Trypanosomes exposed to the inhibitor appeared stumpy-like with a blue-stained region (arrowhead) between the kinetoplast and the nucleus, a location that is consistent with that of the lysosome in bloodstream forms. k, kinetoplast; n, nucleus; LS, long-slender forms; SS, short-stumpy forms.
Upon electron microscopy, trypanosomes from Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2-treated mice were considerably larger than those from control mice (Fig. 2). Also, the lysosomes of trypanosomes exposed to the inhibitor were significantly larger than those of short-stumpy forms from control mice (Fig. 2). The enlargement of the lysosome may also explain why this organelle could be easily observed by light microscopy after May-Grünwald staining. In addition, the mitochondrion were also enlarged (Fig. 2).
Effect of Z-Phe-Ala-CHN 2 on the size of the lysosome of T. brucei bloodstream forms in vivo. Mice were infected and treated as described in the legend to Fig. 1. On day 5 p.i., trypanosomes were purified and processed for electron microscopy. Ultrathin sections of representative cells purified from mice treated with Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2 (a) and vehicle alone (b) are shown. Note the enlarged lysosome in the trypanosome exposed to Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2 compared with that in the short-stumpy form from control mice. fl, flagellum; fp, flagellar pocket; ly, lysosome, m, mitochondrion. Bar, 0.5 μm.
Next, the protein content of trypanosomes purified from Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2-treated and control mice was compared. Trypanosomes exposed to the inhibitor had 65% more protein than parasites from untreated animals; the mean values were 8.9 and 5.4 pg cell-1, respectively (Table 1). Thus, the microscopically observed enlargement of trypanosomes exposed to Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2 correlated with a higher protein content of the cells.
Protein content of T. brucei bloodstream forms purified from Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2-treated and control mice.
To determine the number of dividing cells, blood smears were stained with the DNA-binding fluorochrome DAPI and examined by fluorescence microscopy. Trypanosomes were considered to be dividing if the parasites contained two kinetoplasts. In contrast to the 16% of the normal trypanosome population containing two kinetoplasts, just 4% of parasites exposed to Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2 were dividing (Table 2). As the segregation of the kinetoplast precedes trypanosomal cytokinesis , this result indicates that the cell division of trypanosomes was impaired under the influence of Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2.
Number of T. brucei bloodstream forms purified from Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2-treated and control mice with two kinetoplasts.
* Analysis of DAPI stained trypanosomes.
Previously, we demonstrated that small molecule inhibitors of cysteine proteinases kill T. brucei in culture and experimentally-infected mice [4, 6]. We now report that upon treatment of infected mice with the diazomethyl ketone inhibitor, Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2, parasite death is preceded by an increase in cell body mass and enlargement of constituent organelles (lysosome and mitochondrion) with a predominance (>90%) of trypanosomes displaying a "stumpy-like" morphology. Swelling of the cell body prior to cell lysis has been reported previously for bloodstream forms of T. brucei and T. cruzi after incubation with peptidyl fluoromethyl ketones in vitro . The mechanism proposed involved inhibition of cysteine proteinase activity.
Treatment with Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2 elicited a striking enlargement of the lysosome of trypanosomes coincident with the appearance of the same organelle after staining with May-Grünwald's solution. This suggests that the inhibitor prevents normal proteolysis in the lysosome thereby allowing the accumulation of undegraded proteins and the consequent increase in parasite weight (Table 1). The alteration in lysosomal size and function is consistent with the previous finding that co-incubation of cultured T. brucei bloodstream forms with Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2 and FITC-labelled transferrin prevented degradation of the latter in the lysosome . However, the lack of increased electron density in the enlarged lysosome, as would normally be expected upon accumulation of undegraded proteins, may suggest an increased water permeability of the organelle.
While it is formally possible that Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2 exerts its trypanocidal action through one or more off-target mechanisms, one likely molecular target responsible for the enlarged lysosome phenotype is brucipain given that it is localized in the lysosome  and that exposure to the inhibitor in vivo results in a marked decrease (92%) in cellular cysteine protease activity, most of which is due to brucipain . It is also possible that the phenotype was a result of inhibition of tbcatb by Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2, even though a sub-cellular localization of this enzyme consistent with the phenotype is as yet unknown . Interestingly, tetracycline-induced RNAi of tbcatB, but not brucipain, induced a lethal phenotype prefaced by an enlarged endosome/lysosome compartment  similar to that consequent on exposure to Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2. The conclusions were that tbcatb, not brucipain, was essential to T. brucei survival and that tbcatb was the most likely target of the inhibitor . However, with respect to brucipain, both of these judgments are open to reinterpretation given the available data. First, fully 35% of rhodesain activity remained in the presence of tetracycline-induced RNAi , possibly sufficient to allow for normal cell function and the lack of an obvious phenotype. Therefore, it is still unclear what a total knock-down of brucipain might yield in terms of the parasite's ability to survive. Secondly, Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2 is chemically reactive with both mammalian cathepsins B and L [16, 17] and there is no quantitative data to suggest that tbcatb is preferentially inhibited by this compound. Indeed, it has been shown that, in T. brucei lysates, both brucipain and a 34 kDa proteinase species (consistent with the molecular weight of tbcatb) are inhibited by Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2 .
For other protozoan parasites, morphological aberrations, consistent with the prevention of normal proteinolysis, have been noted upon application of cysteine proteinase inhibitors. Thus, incubation of T. cruzi epimastigotes with the cysteine proteinase inhibitor morpholinourea-phenylalany-homophenylalanine vinylsulfone phenyl (K11777) led to enlarged intracellular organelles (endoplasmatic reticulum, nuclear membrane, mitochondrion) and morphological alterations of the Golgi complex . Likewise, for Plasmodium falciparum trophozoites, cysteine proteinase inhibitors disrupted the morphology of the food vacuole and prevented degradation of haemoglobin [19, 20].
In addition to the morphological changes, the "stumpy-like" nature of trypanosomes exposed to Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2 was substantiated by the low number of dividing parasites. Only 4% of the parasites were proliferating which is close to the number of dividing cells (long-slender forms) of about 2% found in natural short-stumpy enriched populations in vivo . Because we observed no increase in multinucleated cells with aberrant kinetoplast/nucleus configurations, as can occur under non-physiological conditions [22, 23], the low number of dividing cells indicates Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2 induces a cell cycle arrest.
Transformation of long-slender forms into "stumpy-like" forms has been previously observed upon treatment with the methylating agent 1,2-bis(methylsulfonyl)-1-methylhydrazine and the ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor DL-α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) [22, 24, 25]. Whereas the primary effect of DFMO is depletion of the intracellular polyamine pool, that of 1,2-bis(methylsulfonyl)-1-methylhydrazine is modification of DNA. However, the subsequent effect of both agents is an inhibition of DNA synthesis which in turn leads to arrest of the cell cycle [22, 25]. A similar mechanism may also account for the cell cycle arrest in trypanosomes exposed to Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2: inhibition of lysosomal proteolysis depletes the parasite of nutrients necessary for DNA synthesis and this is followed by blockage of mitosis. The cell-cycle arrest may also explain why Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2-exposed trypanosomes are 65% larger than control parasites as they continue to grow but have stopped dividing.
This study has shown that treatment of T. brucei-infected mice with the cysteine proteinase inhibitor Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2 results in an increased number of mitotically-arrested, stumpy form-like parasites. The findings agree with previous suggestions that enforced cell cycle arrest can trigger slender-to-stumpy differentiation .
Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2 was purchased from Bachem, Heidelberg, Germany; May-Grünwald's stain solution was obtained from Merck, Darmstadt, Germany; 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylinodole (DAPI) was bought from Sigma, Deisenhofen, Germany; BCA Protein Assay was from Pierce Chemical Company (Rockford, IL, USA).
Female BALB/c mice (about 10 weeks old) were infected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 2 × 104 cells of the pleomorphic T. brucei variant clone AnTat 1.1 . On days 3 and 4 post infection (p.i.) mice were treated once daily with i.p. injections of 250 mg kg-1 of Z-Phe-Ala-CHN2 dissolved in 70% DMSO/30% physiological NaCl solution. Infected control mice received only the vehicle. On day 5 p.i., blood smears were prepared or parasites were purified from blood by DEAE-cellulose chromatography .
Blood smears were stained with May-Grünwald's stain solution and additionally treated with 0.0001% DAPI to label the nucleus and the kinetoplast. The stained slides were examined under a microscope (Axioplan) using a 100X Plan-Neofluar objective in transmitted and fluorescence light.
Purified trypanosomes were fixed in 2% formaldehyde/0.05% glutaraldehyde in PBS for 60 min. After embedding in 1% agarose, cells were post-fixed with 1% osmium tetraoxide/0.9% ferricyanide in PBS for 60 min followed by 1% uranyl acetate for 60 min. Cells were dehydrated in ethanol and subsequently embedded in epoxy resin. Ultrathin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate, and examined with a Philips 201 electron microscope at 60 kV.
The protein content of trypanosomes was determined using the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) method. Lysed trypanosomes (2.5 – 3.7 × 105 cells in 10 μl) were incubated with 200 μl of BCA Protein Assay reagent at 37°C. A series of dilutions of BSA (0.1 – 0.9 mg ml-1) was used to generate a standard curve and each dilution was set up in duplicate. After 30 min of incubation, the absorbance at 500 nm was determined using a Dynatech MR5000 ELISA reader.
This work was supported in part by the Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technology, Schwerpunkt für tropenmedizische Forschung in Heidelberg (01 KA 9301/3).
S.S., Y.-D.S., C.R.C. and D.S. carried out the experimental work. D.S. conceived the study and supervised its execution. D.S. and C.R.C. prepared the final draft of the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.


Source: In: Shifley, Stephen R.; Moser, W. Keith, eds. Future forests of the northern United States. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-151. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station: 331-387.
Appendices in Future forests of the northern United States.
Shifley, Stephen R.; Moser, W. Keith, eds. 2016. Appendices. In: Shifley, Stephen R.; Moser, W. Keith, eds. Future forests of the northern United States. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-151. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station: 331-387.


text:
Hadibajnokság. Ismét az MTK lett a bajnok, sorozatban harmadszor (bár 1915 őszi fordulót nem sorolják be bajnokinak).
Az MTK két gólerős csatára, Schlosser Imre és Schaffer Alfréd nem kímélte az ellenfeleket, 41 illetve 46 góllal járultak hozzá a csapat 147 góljához. Ez mérkőzésenként 6,68 as átlag melyet azóta sem tudtak utolérni. A két fenti játékoson kívül még egy mindössze tizenhét éves játékos is a csapat erőssége volt, Orth György és rögtön az év játékosa is lett.

Az MLSZ megtorlást helyezett kilátásba a sok lemondott mérkőzés miatt, a lemondó egyesületet kizárással fenyegette meg. A Ferencváros továbbra is orrolt az MTK-ra, Schlosser miatt, és még a kizárást is vállalta, de a játékosok tiltakozása miatt mégis lejátszották a meccseket.

Kerületi bajnokok: Temesvári Kinizsi SE, Diósgyőri VTK, Győri ETO, Szolnoki MÁV SE. A vidék bajnoka címért nem mérkőztek meg.

A végeredmény

Kereszttáblázat

Bajnokcsapat MTK játékosai: Knapp Miksa k. (18), Csüdör Ferenc (14), Feldmann Gyula (22), Kertész II Vilmos (22), Kertész III Adolf (9), Vágó Antal (22), Konrád II Kálmán (14), Schlosser Imre (22), Schaffer Alfréd (22), Szabó Péter (21), Nyúl I Ferenc (19), Orth György (17). Játszott még: Braun József (12), Kossuth Sándor k. (5), Kovács II Dezső (1), Winkler I József (3).

Edző: Jimmy Hogan /angol/

Dijak

Források
 A magyar sport kézikönyve Sport Lap és Könyvkiadó 1960
 Mező Ferenc: Futball adattár ()
 Nemzeti Sport
 Hungary - List of final tables (RSSSF)

Magyar 1
Magyar 1
1917


text:
from counting import function_call_counter

def test_func_counting():
    @function_call_counter
    def foo(x):
        return x

    def bar(x):
        foo(x)
        foo(x)

    bar(2)
    assert foo.calls == 2

if __name__ == '__main__':
    import nose
    nose.main()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Lotte Lenya (born Karoline Wilhelmine Charlotte Blamauer; 18 October 1898 – 27 November 1981) was an Austrian-American singer, diseuse, and actress, long based in the United States. In the German-speaking and classical music world, she is best remembered for her performances of the songs of her first husband, Kurt Weill. In English-language cinema, she was nominated for an Academy Award for her role as a jaded aristocrat in The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone (1961). She also played the murderous and sadistic Rosa Klebb in the James Bond movie From Russia with Love (1963).

Early career
In 1922, Lenya was seen by her future husband, German-Jewish composer Kurt Weill, during an audition for his first stage score Zaubernacht, but because of his position behind the piano, she did not see him. She was cast, but owing to her loyalty to her voice coach, she declined the role. She accepted the part of Jenny in the first performance of The Threepenny Opera (Die Dreigroschenoper) in 1928, and the part became her breakthrough role. During the last years of the Weimar Republic, she was busy in film and theatre, and especially in Brecht-Weill plays. She made several recordings of Weill's songs.

With the rise of Nazism in Germany, many artists were not appreciated, and although not Jewish, she left the country, having become estranged from Weill. (They would later divorce and remarry.) In March 1933, she moved to Paris, where she sang the leading part in Brecht-Weill's "sung ballet", The Seven Deadly Sins.

Lenya and Weill settled in New York City on 10 September 1935. During the summer of 1936, Weill, Lenya, Paul Green, and Cheryl Crawford rented a house at 277 Trumbull Avenue in Nichols, Connecticut, about 2 miles (3.2 km) from Pine Brook Country Club, the summer rehearsal headquarters of the Group Theatre. Here, Green and Weill wrote the script and music for the controversial Broadway play Johnny Johnson, which was titled after the most frequently occurring name on the American casualty list of World War I. During this period, Lenya had a love affair with playwright Paul Green.

During World War II, Lenya did a number of stage performances, recordings, and radio performances, including for the Voice of America. After a badly received part in her husband's musical The Firebrand of Florence in 1945 in New York, she withdrew from the stage. After Weill's death in 1950, she was coaxed back to the stage. She appeared on Broadway in Barefoot in Athens and married editor George Davis.

Late career
In 1956, she won a Tony Award for her role as Jenny in Marc Blitzstein's English version of The Threepenny Opera, the only time an off-Broadway performance has been so honored. Lenya went on to record a number of songs from her time in Berlin, as well as songs from the American stage. Her voice had deepened with age. When she was to sing the soprano parts in Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny and The Seven Deadly Sins, the music needed transposition to substantially lower keys.

Sprechstimme was used in some famous songs in the Brecht-Weill plays, but now Lenya used it even more to compensate for the shortcomings of her voice. Lenya was aware of this as a problem; in other contexts, she was very careful about fully respecting her late husband's score.

She founded the Kurt Weill Foundation for Music, to administer incomes and issues regarding rights, and to spread knowledge about Weill's work. She was present in the studio when Louis Armstrong recorded Brecht-Weill's "Mack the Knife". Armstrong improvised the line "Look out for Miss Lotte Lenya!" and added her name to the list of Mack's female conquests in the song.

Her role as Vivien Leigh's earthy friend Contessa Magda Terribili-Gonzales in the screen version of Tennessee Williams' The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone (1961) brought Lenya Academy Award and Golden Globe nominations as Best Supporting Actress. In 1963, she was cast as the SPECTRE agent Rosa Klebb in the James Bond movie From Russia with Love starring Sean Connery and Robert Shaw.

In 1966, Lenya originated the role of Fräulein Schneider in the original Broadway cast of the musical Cabaret. Kander and Ebb's score was considered by some to be inspired by Weill's music. In 1979, two years before her death, Lotte Lenya was inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame.

Personal life
Lenya was born to Catholic working-class parents in Vienna. She went to Zürich to study in 1914, taking her first job at the Schauspielhaus, using the stage name Lotte Lenja. She moved to Berlin to seek work in 1921.

Lenya and Weill did not meet properly until 1924 through a mutual acquaintance, the writer Georg Kaiser. They married in 1926, and later divorced in 1933, only to reconcile in September 1935 after emigrating to the United States. They remarried in 1937. During and between their marriages, she had numerous lovers, including Max Ernst, Paul Green and Tilly Losch. In 1941, the couple moved to a house of their own in New City, New York, roughly 50 km north of New York City. Their second marriage lasted until Weill's death in 1950.

Lenya's second husband (1951–57) was American editor George Davis, who was homosexual. After Davis' death in 1957, she married  artist Russell Detwiler in 1962, who was homosexual as well. He was 26 years her junior and a heavy alcoholic, but she was widowed for a third time when Detwiler died at the age of 44 in 1969, falling from his studio window on their seventh wedding anniversary. On June 9, 1971, she married critic and TV producer Richard Siemanowski, but separated from him only two years later, never having lived with him.

Death
Lenya died in Manhattan of cancer in 1981, aged 83. She is buried next to Weill at Mount Repose Cemetery in Haverstraw, New York.

Legacy
In 1956, Louis Armstrong recorded the song "Mack the Knife", both as a solo number and as a duet with Lenya. Armstrong added Lenya's name into the lyrics, in place of one of the characters in the play. Bobby Darin's 1959 hit recording of the song used these updated lyrics mentioning Lenya.

Donovan's 1968 song "Laléna" was inspired by Lenya.

The Michael Kunze play Lenya is about Brecht's favorite singer, Lotte Lenya.

In 2007, the musical LoveMusik, based on Lenya's relationship with Weill, opened on Broadway. Lenya was portrayed by Donna Murphy.

She is mentioned in the Fascinating Aïda song "Lieder", which originally described her as German, but was corrected for later performances. She is referenced in the Gavin Friday song "Dolls" from his 1995 album Shag Tobacco.

The Lotte Lenya Competition recognizes young singers and actors who are dramatically and musically convincing in repertoire ranging from opera and operetta to contemporary Broadway scores, with a focus on the works of Kurt Weill.

Filmography

See also
 List of German-speaking Academy Award winners and nominees

Notes

References

External links

 Lotte Lenya Discography The Kurt Weill Foundation for Music.

 FemBio: Lotte Lenya
 Threepenny Opera Off-Broadway
Register of papers of Kurt Weill and Lotte Lenya at Yale University Music Library

1898 births
1981 deaths
20th-century American actresses
20th-century Austrian actresses
20th-century Austrian women singers
20th-century American women singers
20th-century American singers
Actresses from Vienna
German emigrants to the United States
American film actresses
American musical theatre actresses
Austrian emigrants to Germany
Austrian film actresses
Austrian musical theatre actresses
Deaths from cancer in New York (state)
Musicians from Vienna
People from Haverstraw, New York
People with acquired American citizenship
Tony Award winners


"As vital and relevant as when it was first published in 1910, this masterpiece of esoteric, Rudolf Steiner worked and reworked on rosicrucian cosmology for many years to make it increasingly precise and accurate. This work remains the most effective presentation to date of a spiritual alternative to contemporary materialist cosmologies and the Darwinian view of human nature and evolution.
In this basic work of spiritual science, readers learn how the creation and evolution of humanity is embedded at the heart of the vast, invisible web of interacting cosmic beings, through whom the alchemical processes of cosmic evolution unfold. There are also descriptions of the various bodies of the human being, their relationship to sleep and death, and a detailed, practical guide to the methods or exercises, including the Rose Cross Meditation," through which such initiation knowledge can be attained.
Most remarkable and revolutionary of all, perhaps, is the central function that Rudolf Steiner allots to the Christ and to the entrance of Christ into earthly evolution through the Mystery of Golgotha." Classics in Anthroposophy Series.
"Steiner carefully takes us from the cultivation of the soul attitudes of reverence and inner tranquility to the development of inner life through the stages of preparation, illumination, and initiation. By patiently and persistently following his guidelines for practice, new "organs" of soul and spirit begin to form, which reveal the contours of the higher worlds thus far concealed from us. This is Steiner's most essential guide to the modern path of initiation he advocated throughout his life. It has been translated into many languages and has inspired hundreds of thousands of readers around the world."
These lectures trace important developments in evolution such as the two-sided attempt to falsely extend the ancient Atlantean mysteries by the luciferic eastern campaigns of Genghis Khan and the ahrimanic western black magic mysteries centered in Mexico. New light is also shed on the fate of the Knights Templar, and Henry VIII, and Sir Thomas Moore. Steiner shows how we must Christianize all our activities and that we need to concern ourselves with four problems: natural urges, birth, death, and evil."
7. The Education of Man through the Materialistic Conception.
Occult lecture: Alchemy & Hermeticism by Terence McKenna.
Terence Kemp McKenna (November 16, 1946 – April 3, 2000) was an American ethnobotanist, mystic, psychonaut, lecturer, author, and an advocate for the responsible use of naturally occurring psychedelic plants. He spoke and wrote about a variety of subjects, including psychedelic drugs, plant-based entheogens, shamanism, metaphysics, alchemy, language, philosophy, culture, technology, environmentalism, and the theoretical origins of human consciousness. He was called the "Timothy Leary of the '90s","one of the leading authorities on the ontological foundations of shamanism" and the "intellectual voice of rave culture".
It's no wonder that The Power of Now has sold over 2 million copies worldwide and has been translated into over 30 foreign languages. Much more than simple principles and platitudes, the book takes readers on an inspiring spiritual journey to find their true and deepest self and reach the ultimate in personal growth and spirituality: the discovery of truth and light. In the first chapter, Tolle introduces readers to enlightenment and its natural enemy, the mind. He awakens readers to their role as a creator of pain and shows them how to have a pain-free identity by living fully in the present. The journey is thrilling, and along the way, the author shows how to connect to the indestructible essence of our Being, ''the eternal, ever-present One Life beyond the myriad forms of life that are subject to birth and death.'' Featuring a new preface by the author, this paperback shows that only after regaining awareness of Being, liberated from Mind and intensely in the Now, is there Enlightenment.


Video game controller - Katz Design inc.
Improving the user experience and play value is what the Hellatronix game controller is designed to do. Better ergonomic positioning allows the user to better control their inputs. An LCD screen supplies the gamer with an additional layer information only the user can see related to their options and strategies available. The experience and the interaction deepens.


text:
The Eternal Beat of 'The Low End Theory'
Thirty years ago Friday, A Tribe Called Quest released their seminal second album. It's at once steeped in a rich tradition of Black music and like nothing else that's come since.
By Lex Pryor Sep 24, 2021, 8:30am EDT
Honeypower
Share All sharing options for: The Eternal Beat of 'The Low End Theory'
Thirty years ago Friday, one of the most consequential days in modern music history occurred when Nirvana, A Tribe Called Quest, Red Hot Chili Peppers, and Soundgarden all released seminal albums. To celebrate the occasion, we're looking back on September 24, 1991, by diving into the legacy of Nevermind and The Low End Theory, plus using math to determine whether any other release day in the past three decades stacks up.
The drumbeat is as old as us and has seen nearly as much. Before European contact, the kingdoms of West Africa tapped it for many tasks: at secular and religious assemblies, to mark celebrations and the threat of war. The Akan people of present-day Ghana and the Ivory Coast were said to be so dexterous that they could mimic their very language with nothing but a tightly wound drum, communicating through meter from village to village. When they and others were bound to freighters and shipped across the Atlantic, the drumbeat followed. "Exercise being deemed necessary for the preservation of their health, they are sometimes obliged to dance," noted one onlooker of a transatlantic slave voyage. "Their musick, upon these occasions, consists of a drum, sometimes with only one head."
The first Africans enslaved in the Americas channeled the beat on makeshift instruments. In a life of unfreedom, percussion provided both release and relief. Rumors spread of rhythm's potential for disruption. The 1740 Slave Codes of colonial South Carolina outlawed the "using or keeping of drums" among the enslaved, particularly those "which may call together or give sign or notice to one another of their wicked designs and purposes." In Jamaica, captives employed congos and rattles at festivals and holidays. "But making use of these in their Wars at home in Africa," wrote the Irish trafficker Hans Sloane, "it was thought too much inciting them to Rebellion, and so they were prohibited by the Customs of the Island."
The masses found other mediums. Hands and feet carried on the work, the body itself serving as instrument. The drum of West Africa mixed with European brass and strings—took on innumerable roles across the years, and like the people who birthed it, created innumerable priceless goods in whole genres of sound. It wasn't the only contributor to the different ranges of Black music (our language has always mattered) but it was distinct, in at least one way. Slavery meant to strip subjects of their cultures, their bonds, their very memory. But the drumbeat remembered. Though it made new things, it was not new. The beat had always been. The beat remained unchanged.
The Night Before Nirvana Changed Forever
The Biggest Album Release Dates in Modern Music History, Ranked
Hip-hop is said to be the music of drums and I think that is true, though not in the way that is commonly meant. Rap has, since its creation, relied on rhythm and the sonic possibilities it forms. And yet what most links the genre to the sound at its core is the fact that hip-hop, more than than any other American art form, uses the past to reflect the present. It's music made possible by melding together other kinds of music into something different, something new. (What doesn't change helps form what is constantly in flux.) Released 30 years ago Friday, nothing in the history of rap music embodies that ethic quite like A Tribe Called Quest's The Low End Theory.
The meaning of the album's title is still a trick question of sorts. The rapper and producer Q-Tip—who joined DJ Ali Shaheed Muhammad, the late, great Phife Dawg (friends with Tip since childhood), and sometimes-Y member Jarobi in the group—has long said its thesis is twofold. First, The Low End Theory refers to the low end of the sound spectrum, the bass frequencies, and the consistent and delicious fashion in which they are employed throughout the project. Second, it refers to Black people, and how, as he once told Netflix's Hip-Hop Evolution, they are at "the low end of the totem pole" in U.S. society. This, though, is where things get sticky. Because, although The Low End Theory does veer at times into political concerns, it is not really a political album. There are spates of social critique on the project that have aged decently in some instances (see: "Show Business") and less decently in others (see: "The Infamous Date Rape"); and there is a strain of early-'90s Pan-Africanism that surges through the tracks—but The Low End Theory is never just, or even mainly, that.
Over the years, because of its sample-heavy sound and Ron Carter feature, folks have taken to calling it a love letter to jazz, a claim that is kind of true (I can't imagine the record without the influence of jazz music), but also a takeaway that its creators have rebutted. ("Just say A Tribe Called Quest makes good fuckin' music," Ali told Spin in 1991, when asked about being labeled "jazz-rap.") And yes, the record worships at the altar of the low end of the sound spectrum, but it revels just as much in brotherhood and laughter and braggadocio and "Vibes and Stuff." The truth—the thing that really makes the album what it is—is that there isn't just one answer. The Low End Theory uses jazz, particularly its bass frequencies, to communicate something that was a certain kind of political but also a bit undefinable and entirely unique. In other words: A Tribe Called Quest.
Bob Power is here and he was there for The Low End Theory too. I ask the esteemed producer and sound engineer what Tribe were like in their youth, and he's got to be real with me. Bob worked with Erykah on Baduizm, laced D'Angelo's Brown Sugar. Bob's been around the block. Bob doesn't bullshit. "I just saw a bunch of kids—literally—coming in the door who happened to be really good people, really nice people, straightforward, not stiff, funny," he recalls, a touch of nostalgia in his voice. "I was fascinated by it."
They weren't supposed to work together. In 1990 Power was an engineer at a studio in New York called Calliope. He'd picked up a job there a couple of years earlier after a few decades that included a career as a jazz musician, bouts in academia (undergrad at Webster College in St. Louis, a master's at Lone Mountain College in San Francisco), and a couple of years scoring TV shows. Tribe was working out of Calliope when their sound engineer had to leave town for a few weeks and Power filled in. He was old enough that he didn't worry about trying to be buddies. "You're there to make their thing work well," Power says, erudite as always. He struck a bond with the group and helped engineer and mix the rest of their first album, People's Instinctive Travels and the Paths of Rhythm.
Daisies, Aged: A Tribe Called Quest, De La Soul, and the End of the Native Tongues Era
'60 Songs That Explain the '90s': A Tribe Called Quest's 'Scenario' and the Art of the Perfect Posse Cut
The record was a launching pad to an era. In 1990 the industry was at the precipice of an inflection point. The titans of late-'80s rap—LL Cool J, Run-DMC, Public Enemy, and N.W.A—were all, to varying degrees, still potent forces in the game. (A week before People's Instinctive Travels was released, PE dropped their seminal Fear of a Black Planet.) The hot winds of change were starting to rise, though. Ice Cube had just gone solo. LL was about to go on a two-and-a-half-year break. The first golden age couldn't continue forever. People's Instinctive Travels didn't outsell any of rap's ruling powers, but along with fellow Native Tongues member De La Soul's debut, 3 Feet High and Rising, it did usher in a new sound. The album was light and airy, with hits as smooth as soft serve. A track like "Bonita Applebum," luscious and flirty, or "Can I Kick It?," with its hypnotizing Lou Reed sample, portended a different kind of rap, one built as much on melody and vulnerability as gusto and brute strength.
On People's Instinctive Travels, Q-Tip ruled the mic—Phife appeared sporadically and Jarobi, who left the group midway through the making of The Low End Theory, rarely rapped on record—but for their follow-up he wanted that to change. As the story goes, in the wake of the album's release, he ran into Phife at a train station leaving Queens. He told his friend they were going to make a second album but he needed him to be more committed this time. "I took that into consideration along with the last couple of shows we did for that first album," Phife told Rolling Stone in 2015. "I saw how fruitful things could get and I said, 'OK,' I made up my mind that 'this is what I want to do'. I wanted to take care of my family, so it was all systems go."
Power could see the difference in approach and control, even if they had gone only from teenagers to early 20-somethings. "Having made one record, their conceptualization was much more developed," he tells me. "Rather than just thinking, 'OK, let's put this music down. Let's get this music there,' they were hearing multiple things at the same time and they were hearing them before they were able to be realized."
This is the part where one must remember that it was only 1990. The technology that enables the majority of hip-hop song-making today—digital audio workstations and A.I.-assisted beat machines—was less than a glimmer in anyone's eyes. Their tools were limited mostly to samplers with memory restriction and EQ's and basic effects. If Q-Tip and Ali (the group's two main producers) wanted to make a track with multiple samples, layered not as a collage of sound but a puzzle board of tunes, they had to do it first in their heads. "The memory of the samplers wasn't great. It was impossible to hear all the elements that you wanted to put on a record," says Power. "If you were constructing a few samples, you could hear little pieces at a time, but you couldn't hear how it would all go together until you recorded all of the elements."
For The Low End Theory, Tribe set out to have each sample serve a purpose. So on a song like "Excursion," when the listener hears the hopscotching rhythm of Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers' bass from the 1973 track "A Chant for Bu," what they're registering is only the acoustic bass pattern. It's hard enough to identify a sound that will fit in such a manner without the technology to test it out in full, but to find the right one that is completely isolated—without a stray horn, a singer's voice, or just general distortion—could be impossible. "You're taking pieces of different records that were never meant to be together in the first place," Power says. "So there's always some stuff you say, 'Well, I'm interested in this element in the electric piano on this record, but there were also drums playing and basses playing, etc.' Making that work sonically was challenging. … How can I clean it up so we really could concentrate on the element that they intended to use? I would never do that now."
Percussion took on a heightened importance in this light. Tracks like "Check the Rhime" relied on multiple samples of piercing drum patterns that had to fit on top of one another while maintaining their own sonic integrities. "To get presence on the other instruments when the bottom is really kicking away and pumping out so far in front of the rest of the music is challenging," says Power. He, Ali, and Q-Tip were able to make the whole design work only by threading each sound with the utmost care.
What Tribe was trying to do on The Low End Theory was at once hip-hop at its essence and, invariably, unheard of. When I ask Power how the group pulled it off, he points to the members themselves—the people behind the music. "There's an intangible thing that happens at a place and a time and with certain people, and you can't bottle it and you can't re-create it. You can try—what happens as a professional is [as] your chops get better, as your skill set gets better, you can get closer to faking it—but magic happens at its own speed."
And magic is what they called it. The reception to The Low End Theory was, at least within the walls of hip-hop, rapturous. The Source awarded the album five mics, hailing it as a classic. The album peaked at no. 13 on Billboard's Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart, and reached no. 45 on the Billboard 200, but sales were never the optimal measuring point for Tribe's reach. There are children, like myself, who have been raised on it and have spent their whole lives bathed in it and an entire strain of music it birthed. When Dr. Dre, years later, discussed his sonic inspiration for The Chronic with Q-Tip, he cited The Low End Theory. When Kanye, speaking at Phife Dawg's 2016 memorial service, revealed the first album he ever purchased, he didn't hesitate: The Low End Theory.
We've known the record for so long that it's easy to forget what it sounded like on first listen. How Phife's "YO!" at the top of "Buggin' Out" resembles the arrival of some mighty and celestial being. The way that Q-Tip speaks in triplets over the xylophonic shuffling of "Vibes and Stuff." The tenor of love coursing through "Check the Rhime," every handoff between the two showmen at its head ("Yo, Phife, you remember that routine" … "Yo, Tip, do you recall when we used to rock") melding the song into a whomping stew. "Stern firm and young with a laid-back tongue," Tip lulled us on "Jazz (We've Got)" with its modal funk, and we never questioned the veracity of the message, because over those horns, how could anyone disagree with anything? By the time the album-closing posse cut "Scenario" arrived—with Phife breaking the track's orbital bone and Busta engulfing it in flame—there was no choice but to swoon. What The Low End Theory did—what it still does to this day whenever it's played—is make listeners feel like they are in league with someone at once familiar and unlike anyone they have ever known before.
And that feeling can't be divorced from the drumbeat itself—how Tribe wields it on the record but also what that pattern means to the receiver; what it conveys and how it multiplies all the things stored up in a collective memory. Because the beat sirens Tip's charge on "Excursions" ("Come on everybody let's get with the fly mode"), the beat makes "Butter" positively vibrate and "Jazz (We've Got)" absolutely coast, the beat hurls "Scenario" to no closer than the outer reaches of the Andromeda. Percussion gives The Low End Theory its punch—makes it rise, hugs their voices, and lifts them up. The record's message would be stifled without the rhythm's amplification. The bass frequencies that litter the project wouldn't work without a kick and a snare. Jazz doesn't exist without the tapping of a drum. It's the trick of the album, but it has always been right there. "My pops used to say it reminded him of bebop," Q-Tip recounts on the opener, and then giving it all away, finishes, "I said, 'Well, Daddy, don't you know that things go in cycles.'" On The Low End Theory, A Tribe Called Quest knew what Tip's father knew before them, an evergreen truth—if ever there was one: The beat never dies.
Celebrating the Biggest Album Release Date in History
'Station Eleven' Mailbag, 'Dawn FM,' and 'SICK!'
The Remarkable Clarity of Earl Sweatshirt's 'SICK!'
The Ringer Music Show
2012 Song Draft
View all stories in Rap


Yom Kippur, or Day of Atonement, occurs on Tishri 10 and is the most solemn holiday of the year.
31 ...it shall be a statute for ever throughout your generations in all your dwellings.
32 It shall be unto you a Sabbath of rest, and ye shall afflict your souls in the ninth day of the month at even, from even unto even, shall ye celebrate your Sabbath.
Yom Kippur was the only time in Bible days when the High Priest could enter the Holy of Holies. He went in before the LORD with the blood of a sacrificed animal to beg forgiveness for the sins of the people. Today there are no animal sacrifices and no Temple. The Jewish people rely solely on repentance for forgiveness of sins, but they have no assurance that God has heard and forgiven, for the Scriptures teach in Leviticus 17:11 that "atonement is in the blood". When Messiah Yeshua offered His own blood as our atonement or covering, the veil of the Temple was torn in two, signifying that He had opened the way into the Holy of Holies. By His sacrifice all who believe now have access to God and a covering for sin. We look forward to that great and final day of atonement prophesied in Zechariah 12:10 and 13:1 when all Israel shall mourn for the Messiah and accept the atonement He has made.
On Yom Kippur, God's judgment is sealed. This is the final opportunity for redemption. The entire world is judged this night.
According to Jewish custom, three books are opened on the Feast of Trumpets and closed on Yom Kippur.
3. The Book of those in-between.
If a man is deemed righteous, his name is written in the Book of Life for the righteous at the Feast of Trumpets. If a man is unrighteous, his name is written in the Book of the unrighteous. If a man is deemed in-between, judgment is delayed for ten days from Yom Teruah (Rosh Hashanah) to Yom Kippur. It is during that period of time that a man is given opportunity to repent before the book is closed and his destiny sealed on Yom Kippur.
To "afflict your souls" is a Hebrew idiom which refers to "fasting".
Thus, the only prohibitions for Yom Kippur is that you don't eat or drink (even water). Children under 9 and pregnant women are not permitted to fast. Orthodox Jews also say you may not wash or anoint, can not wear leather shoes, and must refrain from sexual relations. Some sources say it is customary to wear white to symbolize purity on Yom Kippur, also.
Kol Nidre is the evening service that starts Yom Kippur. The service is named for the prayer that begins the service. Kol Nidre means "all vows" and is a time when we ask God to annul all personal vows. Prayers should include prayers for Israel. You might also consider praying for the sins the church has committed against the Jews.
O Lord, what miserable sinners we are.
We make promises to live better lives each year and yet always fall far short of keeping them.
Help us, O Lord, and pardon us for our shortcomings.
8. And Aaron shall cast lots upon the two goats; one lot for the LORD, and the other lot for the scapegoat (Azazel).
Two goats were set aside – one for God, and one for Azazel (HaSatan or Satan). The High Priest cast lots to determine their fates. The one for God was sacrificed, and the other (the Scapegoat) represented Israel and the sins of the nation. Tradition teaches that the scapegoat had a scarlet ribbon tied to its neck with a portion of the same ribbon tied to the door of the Temple. The scapegoat was driven into the wilderness (some say thrown over a cliff). If the Jews had repented, the scarlet ribbon would miraculously turn white – a sign of God's forgiveness.
The New Covenant tells us that Messiah Yeshua provided our Atonement.
The Mishnah tells us that 40 years before the destruction of the temple, the ribbon stopped turning white. This was when Yeshua was slain on the tree and became our Pesach lamb.
The casting of lots reminds us that Messiah himself will one day judge the nations on Yom Kippur.
The fall festivals are yet to be fulfilled in Messiah.
"The Great Trump" at Yom Kippur.
Traditionally Yom Kippur is the most solemn day of the Jewish year with fasting and prayer. Those of us who know Yeshua as Messiah, can also see reason for celebration since He became the "Atonement" for our sins with his sacrificial death.
Yeshua became our "Atonement" with His death, burial and resurrection at His first coming. Each of the Fall Festivals will be fulfilled with his second coming. Yom Kippur points to His physical return to Earth and to His Judgment.


My weekend has been oddly productive. Not only we managed to get all the to-do list done(we usually only manage through about 50% for our weekends check list), we've also manage to do extras and had plenty of time to spare. This weekend was a weird one for once coz I actually kinda wished time went faster since it felt like we've done heaps and had heaps of time to spare.
I'll start with Friday, actually no, let me start with a facial cleanser I've been loving. I know I know it doesn't quite fit into the weekend recap but I've been using the facial cleanser for a week now and man have I been mega loving it! I've swapped it with all my other cleanser for now and I have to say its one of the most effective pore minimiser cleanser I've used by far! Even my relatives have commented on how my skin is smoother now, and I usually meet my relatives when we have our family gathering= makeup less yuki.
If you have a different skin concern, perhaps you'd like to check out their other range. All their skin care products contains the very much popular hyaloronic acid as well as their new key ingredient- Betonite clay. For just RM20.90 you can pick these up from major pharmacies. Major steal I tell you!
Verdict- Overrated brownie. I felt the brownie was a little too dry for my liking and it just didn't give the kick of chocolate I was looking for.
That night, I decided to give my flu bug a kick by attending the Glenmorangie Boardwalk Empire Party. Theme? 1920's. Nate gave it a miss because he wanted to have his "me" time but I've been cooped up in the house for the past week due to my sickness I just had to get out of the house.
I didn't stay long enough tho since my meds were reacting and I was having a very congested nose towards the end of the night but I still had heaps of fun regardless!
Sunday was a lazy one, me and nate spent our time shopping for the house, Nate was extremely happy since we bought our TV, meaning he could actually stay home and game his weekend away now =.=. I'm just happy because I finally found the mannequin I was looking for. Got this from Kenang warehouse and I must say I was really happy with the price! RM98 for this mannequin, only thing now is to dress it up with flowers because it does look a little dull for my liking!
If you've followed me on Dayre, you'd also know that I've bought some stuff from Katiez Accessories ! I love love love their items, they do pre-order but the lady is ever so friendly and so helpful! Very efficient too, got my products in about a weeks time and I'm loving the quality of the accessories!
Guess that's all for my weekend, I did blog a bit more on Dayre on my Sunday that I won't mention here coz it's just small mentions to what we were doing so do follow me on Dayre if you are interested!
Whoa, 4th week into November now. Where has time gone! On the brighter note, December is coming soon and I'm freaking excited because it's my fav month!


text:
Group Facilitation
Graphic Recording
Training & Presentations
The Myth of Majority Democracy
January 1, 2015 Uncategorized 0
This post originally appeared as part of a series on Deep Democracy Basics.
"We believe in democracy. This means that we respect the decision of a ruling majority –even if we disagree with it. After all, if we were the majority, we would expect others to respect our rule." – Truth? or Myth?
What is democracy?
Democracy is an ancient concept, typically traced back to the Athenian city-state model of 500 BC. It is also a young concept: as a form of government it has only existed since the French and the American revolutions of the late 1700s, with new variations popping up periodically since. Democracy has often been called a "contested notion" – for many reasons, including the fact that it has inspired not only different definitions, but entirely different ways of going about defining (e.g. procedural, substantive, utopian etc.) as anyone can tell by performing even the most cursory Google search.
Way back around 500 BC, Aristotle called "popular sovereignty" a defining hallmark of democracy and the principle of "majority rule" came into existence to operationalize the democratic ideal. Majority rule means that if a majority (typically understood as 51% or more) of a decision making body (say a parliament) votes in favour of something, then, as part of social contract, we accept that decision as legitimate. Now, in many situations we worry quite a lot about the fairness of the voting process, the adherence to the legal procedures, or the legitimacy of the decision making body itself – but we basically agree with the principle of majority rule. It is a powerful principle: it allows a collection of individuals with different views to make a decision together in a fairly straight forward manner, and it protects that decision through the social contract, which is itself written into laws – typically.
Implicit in this is the notion of the "democratic bargain", which means that the minority (those who lost the vote and didn't get their way) accept defeat and go along with the decision of the majority even when it is not in their favour. After all the process used to arrive at the decision was fair. And anyway, there will be other decisions in the future that the minority can hope to win, and once they do win they expect the same level of respect from those who lose.
This is a logical way of thinking and if we are mature adults and "graceful losers" this should work out pretty well.
Except that in reality it doesn't work out quite like that, does it?
The Reality of the Democratic Bargain
If you think of the last time your favorite political party was defeated in an election, or the last time your well-thought-out proposal was voted down by your superiors, or any time you poured your heart into what you believe in and were non-the-less turned down by a more popular view, you will likely remember that you couldn't be so adult about it.
The reality is we are not fully rational beings (as much as some of us may wish otherwise): we have passion, we develop attachments to what we think is good or right or beautiful or just. And when we lose we don't often move on so swiftly.
Rather, what most of us tend to do is resist the majority rule. We will likely become bitter, argue that the decision making process wasn't really fair, say nasty things about those who won, and if we absolutely have to live with the decision then we strengthen our lobby, go on strike and do everything we can to win next round. In Deep Democracy we call this going on the terrorist line.
This is not a bad thing (or a good thing, for that matter). It just seems to be the reality.
Take the case of my country, Canada, where we have a majority Conservative government in power we as speak. All of us who care passionately about the environment or Canada's humanitarian reputation or working class families (anything that is not high on the Conservative agenda) are not going to sit back and say "Oh well, the majority of the voters elected this government, so we should respectfully relax and let them destroy these things we care about!" Instead we get angry. We resist. We say that the government's majority is not a real majority because of the ways our political system are broken (problematizing the democratic process) and call for electoral reform (proportional representation etc.). We say that the voters were uninformed or deceived, the advanced polls were manipulative, or that the people who should have voted didn't vote (problematizing the decision making body). We publicize every little slip that the government makes: we make jokes and re-post caricatures of political leaders on social media. Maybe we join the opposition parties and argue for alternative policies. Maybe we take to the streets and protest, some of us engaging in civil disobedience. Or we take another path: we say that politics don't matter anyway, we become apathetic and disengaged.
Now, we are probably right in some or all of our objections above – maybe what the Conservatives are doing is objectionable and maybe illegitimate. But my point is that one way or another we would object to whatever they were doing because we see them as being somebody else's voice, not ours! The social contract does not protect the majority's rule – it is in the nature of the minority (at least the passionate, not-yet-apathetic sector of the minority) to resist it and the resistance will grow every time the minority's concerns are discounted and its voice is shut down.(Of course, once the tables are turned and the New Democrats are in power, the Conservative minority will resist their rule just the same: maybe then we'll get our own equivalent of the Tea Party movement in Canada.)
Implications for Group Decision Making Processes
Clearly I am simplifying the political picture above… but really my interest is not so much in national politics (maybe they are hopeless after all). I am interested in the dynamics of a small group of individuals trying to work together: the 50-person neighborhood group, the 20-person medium-size business, the 12-person NGO board, the 9-person city council, the 4-person family.
When a "small" group tries to make decisions using the majority sovereignty rule (which creates winners and losers) it recreates some version of the dynamic I have just described. The minority goes on the terrorist line, and will advance further the more the majority insists on its right to make decisions without regard for the minority's concern.
Some of the groups that I have worked with use consensus decision making as an alternative to the majority rule. This is better for keeping people off the terrorist line because no one is left defeated at the end of the day: the decision is only made once everybody agrees. The problem is that the "end of the day" is often very late at night! I have been in too many consensus decision-making processes that take way longer than the meeting length allocated to them. Far too often these processes end in "consensus by exhaustion", when people will just say "I don't care any more! I agree to whatever if you just let me go home now!" And at any rate, consensus decision-making seems to me to give too much power to the minority – the one or two people who disagree can hold up the majority's decision for far too long.
Deep Democracy's four steps decision making process attempt to articulate an alternative. Stay tuned to learn about what that is in a future post.
Out on Screen Public Statement
Authentic Leadership in Action Module
Cleaning up the field – an anecdote
Facilitation in a Quantum World
Stay in the loop about upcoming courses, events, and new developments in Deep Democracy by signing up here.
What is bigger, 2 or 8?
© Copyright 2014 Whole Picture Thinking. All Rights Reserved.


text:
Media & Culture Entertainment
'Vikings' Season 4 Spoilers: Actor Shares Set Photo Ahead Of 2016 San Diego Comic-Con Panel
By Megan Schaefer
"Vikings" will be sailing to our small screens with brand new episode this fall when the History Channel series returns with the second half of Season 4. History Channel
"Vikings" star Alex Høgh Anderson has us feeling pretty green. Recently the actor, who portrays Ivar the Boneless on the hit History Channel series, snapped a photo from the Season 4 set of the historical drama, which just so happens to be located in Ireland.
"Location, location, location," Anderson captioned the photo of himself striking a fierce pose in Wicklow Mountains National Park. "#spoiled." The Danish actor, sporting his Nordic getup, was surrounded by a vast amount of green plants as he stood on what appeared to be a bridge over a rushing river.
Location, location, location. @historyvikings #spoiled
A photo posted by Alex Høgh Andersen (@alexhoeghandersen) on Jul 20, 2016 at 10:04am PDT
This isn't the first photo Anderson has shared while filming the second half of Season 4, which is set to premiere in the fall. The actor has posted several behind-the-scenes photos and videos from the set of "Vikings" — including an image of his character drenched in blood.
"Happy days on @historyvikings," he wrote about the gruesome photo. In the picture, fans can see Anderson's character holding an assortment of weapons, which just so happen to be covered in blood — just like his face.
Happy days on @historyvikings
Hey, Ragnar (Travis Fimmel) did tell his youngest son that he would be a great warrior — even a feared one — despite having no bones in his legs. And from the photo Anderson posted to his Instagram account, it looks like Rganar's prediction came true. Guess Queen Aslaug (Alyssa Sutherland) isn't the only one who can prophesize!
Fans can get more information on the forthcoming season of "Vikings" during the History Channel series' San Diego Comic-Con panel. The anticipated panel will take place on Friday, July 22, at 5:45 p.m. PDT and gives attendees an exclusive sneak peek of the show's fourth season.
"Vikings" will return with the second half of Season 4 this fall on History Channel.
'Vikings' Star Teases Lagertha's New, Season 4 Look
'Vikings' Actress Shares Surprising Season 4 Photo
MOST READ IN Media & Culture
Syria To Blame For 2018 Chlorine Attack: Watchdog
Bond Strategists Take Axe To U.S. Treasury Yield Forecasts: Reuters Poll


text:
Q: Friction factor by Blasius equation I am confused by 2 expressions I am getting regarding Blasius equation for darcy friction factor:-
f = 0.079/Re^0.25
and
f = 0.316/Re^0.25
Can any one help me out

A: One of these is the Fanning friction factor and the other is the Darcy Weisbach friction factor.  The Fanning friction factor is 1/4 the Darcy Weisbach friction factor.
If you are calculating the pressure drop for flow of an incompressible fluid in a pipe in terms of the Fanning friction factor, then you are using the equation: $$\Delta P=\left(\frac{4L}{D}\right)\frac{1}{2}\rho v^2 f_F$$
If you are calculating the pressure drop for flow of an incompressible fluid in a pipe in terms of the Darcy Weisbach friction factor, then you are using the equation: $$\Delta P=\left(\frac{L}{D}\right)\frac{1}{2}\rho v^2 f_{DW}$$
So the two representations are entirely equivalent.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Almost everyone ever tried their luck with the Wheel of Fortune, while it is being spun by its patroness, the goddess Fortuna. As a rule, she is blind, but not today, while you start playing Wheel of Fortune: Ultra 5 Reels fun slot machine. IGT free slots online games got the luckiest new slots online game, and you can try it to check out how big is the win that Fortuna prepared just for you. This newest, cool video slot contains numerous massive payouts that you need to get.
Free online casino video slot offers you to win up to 10000x, and then the wheel will just keep turning you in the right direction to some more wins. The spinning got so much easier now, with its convenient Auto Spin Feature, that will keep spinning the reels until you will press the stop button. In the game, there are 2 types of Multiplying Wilds, that will help you to spin in the winning direction. The Scatter Wheels Bonus will be activated when 3 or more Scatter symbols appear in any position on the reels, and its win will be independent of the line wins, but will be added to the total amount paid. The Ultra Wheel Bonus is set in motion by 3 Bonus symbols occurring in any positions on the reels, each reel determines if one wheel is inactive, active, or has a multiplier value in addition to being active. And then get a chance to win from 500x to 10000x in a play.
Free slot games online with bonus rounds will make you feel like a happy and a little nervous while your interest will grow and grow to get the biggest win possible. The real casino atmosphere can be guaranteed while you are in the game, so be ready for something cool and unforgettable. All in all, you should realize that the online fortune is really wanting you to win, that's why she is starting to roll her wheel right now!


Guide2Pass Driving school provides high quality driving tuition and driving lessons for Automatic and Manual cars, at affordable prices. Guide2Pass Driving School provides cheap and professional... driving lessons in North West London. Our areas we cover include Harrow, South Harrow, Pinner, Edgware, Ruislip, Northwood, Stanmore and Watford. We also cover a wider area and specialise in intensive driving courses. Our instructors are full qualified Government Approved Driving Instructors.


text:
Bob Dylan shares previously unreleased demo 'Wanted Man' featuring Johnny Cash
By: Selina Juengling
Bob Dylan and Johnny Cash join forces on the first recording of 'Wanted Man'.
Preceding the release of The Bootleg Series Vol. 15, a demo version of the Bob Dylan-penned 'Wanted Man' featuring Johnny Cash was unveiled today. The never-before-heard audio stems from Dylan's 1969 Nashville recordings with the country legend.
The demo showcases early stages of the song's recording process as Cash can be heard mixing up words and laughing throughout the song. The recording also comes with well-intentioned advice by June Carter: "Honey, I don't want to interrupt your train of thought, but be sure that Bob puts the melody to that song, that 'Wanted Man'... you forgot the melody."
Listen to 'Wanted Man' below:
'Wanted Man' would later become the opener of Cash's live album At San Quentin which was recorded only a week after he learned to play the song.
The 15th edition of Dylan's Bootleg Series primarily focuses on his country recordings in the late sixties. Most of them include Cash as well as Carl Perkins who also plays the guitar on 'Wanted Man'. The Bootleg Series Vol. 15: Travelin' Thru, 1967-1969 will be released on November 1.
The previous installment, More Blood, More Tracks, has been described by Pat Carty as an "intimate experience" and an "essential companion" to the original album, Blood On The Tracks. Read the full review here.
Ones to Watch at Whelan's - Friday (Photos)
Pixies release 'Beneath the Eyrie' demos


text:
Best Engaging Communities
AEVA (NASDAQ $IPV, $AEVA) Spac merger – LIDAR company recommendation
December 29, 2020 Mukund Mohan
Please read an overview of LIDAR before you view this stock recommendation.
A quick background on AEVA
Aeva was founded by former Apple Inc. engineers Soroush Dardashti and Mina Rezk. In 2018, the company raised $45 million in a series A funding round co-led by Lux Capital Management and Canaan Partners.
Rezk, who previously designed optical hardware for Nikon and worked alongside Salehian at Apple's Special Projects Group.
They employ about 100 people in Mountain View, California.
Aeva is planning to merge with a special purpose acquisition company called InterPrivate Acquisition Corp.
AEVA founders
What does AEVA do?
Aeva has created a miniaturized solid-state photonics chip, called Aeries, that reduces the size and power requirements of typical LIDAR systems. It will cost less than $500 at scale, compared to tens of thousands of dollars.
Instead of pulsing a laser beam that bounces off of objects in a vehicle's path to determine distance and depth, Aeva's system emits a continuous, low-power laser beam that measures changes in the frequency of waves reflected off of objects.
LIDAR on a chip
What is the unique technology that AEVA has developed?
Aeva's technology is unique as it has a 4D map. AEVA can measure distance as well as instant velocity without losing range all while preventing interference from the sun or other sensors.
Its technology is also said to use less power which allows it to integrate better with perception software. Its technology is primarily meant for autonomous cars but it is also being leveraged for ADAS systems.
Aeva says its sensor does not rely on powerful lasers or exotic materials, which has helped it to shrink the cost and size of the device.
Aeva's 4D LIDAR-on-chip uses a continuous laser beam to measure the change in frequency of the waveform as it reflects off of an object. This allows it to detect an object's range and instant velocity simultaneously beyond 300 meters at high accuracy. Aeva's 4D LiDAR is free of interference from other sensors or sunlight and it operates at fractions of the optical power typically required to achieve long range performance.
Small, with constant pulse and low power requirements
A key differentiator is breaking the dependency between maximum range and points density, which has been a barrier for time-of-flight and FMCW LiDARs so far.
AEVA LiDAR integrates multiple beams on a chip, each beam uniquely capable of measuring more than 2 million points per second at distances beyond 300m.
All lasers, detectors, circuitry, are integrated on a chip at the wafer level, and it's in production for volumes already targeting use in major OEMs. It will be in cars in the 2022 to 2023 timeline.
AEVA's sensing system is capable of completely shutting out interference from other, similar sensors — including those from other companies — and operating in all weather conditions and in the dark, thanks to a reflectivity sensor.
Sensing depth and velocity
Why is AEVA better than Velodyne or Luminar?
It has high resolution, long range, additionally it gives velocity. It's scalable because it's all on a photonics chip–a very small package with low power consumption.
A few other LIDAR startups also rely on a version of frequency modulation. But Aeva's system uses a continuous beam, rather than a pulsed beam.
Who is AEVA partnering with?
Aeva and ZF, a top global automotive Tier-1 supplier, are partnering to bring the world's first Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) LiDAR to the automotive market.
The company has signed a sensor-system deal with an Audi-owned unit that is working on self-driving technology for Volkswagen Group and is working with German automotive supplier ZF Friedrichshafen to have its sensors in mass production by 2024.
Partnership with Porsche supplier ZF
Are there other use cases for AEVA?
It has also attracted consumer electronics companies likely phone manufacturers who want to get into smart glasses and augment their smartphone camera systems with LIDARs for better portrait photography, autofocus, low-light performance and augmented reality.
An increasing number of devices, such as Apple's new iPad Pro and iPhone 12 Pro models, include lidar sensors that help with applications such as augmented reality, in which digital content is overlaid on the real world.
Who is InterPrivate Group?
InterPrivate is a SPAC led by private equity investor Ahmed Fattouh. It raised $210 million in an initial public offering in February. InterPrivate Acquisition Corp valued AEVA at $2.1 billion. InterPrivate is lead by private equity investor Ahmed Fattouh expects the deal to be closed by early 2021.
When will we see this in cars?
Aeva's lidar has been on test vehicles for some time, including an experimental version of Audi's E-Tron. The first commercial application may come in lightly automated, or Level 2, vehicles, but right now, all VW will say is that it plans to put Aeva's lidar on the ID Buzz AV. That's a more completely automated, or Level 4, minibus; it's scheduled to launch in 2022/2023.
VW ID Buzz AV
What is the valuation for AEVA?
Aeva was last valued at $460M in 08/19, and its public valuation on the merger date 11/20 was $2.1B. Today (12/29/20) it is valued at over 3.2B (8X valuation gain in 1 year).
Investors include Porche, Audi, Canaan Partners, Lux Capital, Volkswagen Group.
The deal will provide up to $343 million of gross proceeds to AEVA.
AEVA will be richly valued at over $4B (Dec 29, 2020)
Who are the competitors?
AEVA competes with 70+ other LIDAR companies including Waymo (Google), Velodyne, Luminar, Ouster, Quanergy systems and Innoviz.
What is the financial model?
Aeva financial projections
Aeva is expecting meaningful revenues only by 2024. As you can see from their projections, it goes from $11M for next year 2021 to $236M in 2024 and $880M by 2025.
If those projections work out, then given their long term expectation of 62% gross margins, this could end up at nearly $350M in adjusted EBITDA by 2025.
Margin and EBITDA projections
Should you buy the stock?
IPV is a NASDAQ listed SPAC and trades today (12/29/20) at $15.12. That implies a valuation for AEVA at over $4B, twice the proposed valuation at time of acquisition announcement.
With no significant revenues until 2022 or later, this is a purely speculative play. I would recommend a small position close to $13 – $14 and patience for 2+ years.
https://www.theinformation.com/briefings/47501e
https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/trending/jXfoX9Zj_yxBpz_TYCcVlw2
https://www.carandbike.com/news/lidar-maker-aeva-going-public-with-spac-valued-at-2-1-billion-2319981
https://www.canaan.com/companies/aeva
https://financialpost.com/pmn/business-pmn/lidar-firm-aeva-led-by-apple-veterans-agrees-deal-to-go-public
https://kommunikasjon.ntb.no/pressemelding/aeva-and-zf-bring-first-fmcw-lidar-to-automotive-production?publisherId=90063&releaseId=17891482
https://tdameritradenetwork.com/video/rB4AoXX6EseBdfujU-IAQw
https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/aeva
https://www.forbes.com/sites/alanohnsman/2020/11/02/laser-sensor-startup-aeva-may-see-2-billion-valuation-from-nyse-listing/
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-interprivate-acq-m-a-aeva/lidar-firm-aeva-led-by-apple-veterans-agrees-deal-to-go-public-idUSKBN27I1QB
https://www.autonews.com/mobility-report/lidar-maker-aeva-go-public-merger
https://siliconangle.com/2020/11/02/aeva-makes-lidar-sensors-autonomous-cars-plans-go-public-via-spac-merger/
https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20191211005284/en/Aeva-Reveals-First-4D-LiDAR-on-Chip-for-Autonomous-Driving-and-Vote-of-Confidence-from-VW-Group-with-Porsche-SE-Investment
ttps://luxcapital.com/companies/aeva/
https://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/news/2020/11/02/aeva-going-public-via-spac-at-21b-valuation.html
https://m.futurecar.com/4236/Silicon-Valley-Lidar-Startup-Aeva-Inc–Agrees-to-go-Public-in-a-SPAC-Deal-That-Will-Value-the-Company-at-$2-1-Billion
https://www.dnb.com/business-directory/company-profiles.aeva_inc.9c256cf10f994244eb55e3b7272dbf75.html
https://www.theverge.com/2018/10/1/17915276/aeva-4d-lidar-technology-next-gen-self-driving-car-sensor-system
https://craft.co/aeva
https://www.ft.com/content/d1cdcf10-1c14-11ea-97df-cc63de1d73f4
Previous PostAn overview of LIDAR and its use cases in Autonomous CarsNext PostThe Ultrasound market stock recommendation: Longview Acquisition corp (Butterfly Network) $LGVW – $BFLY
The personal blog of Mukund Mohan
Mukund Mohan