text:
Q: Trying to return records from database using c# This is my code which i'm trying to return records back into a listview by entering different ID's. But i only seem to get the first record back no matter which ID i enter. Any help would be appreciated.
private void FindRecord()
        {
            List<SprocParameter> paramsSQL = new List<SprocParameter>();
            paramsSQL.Add(new SprocParameter("ID", textBoxID.Text) );

            DataSet ds = StoredProcedureExecute("get_ID", paramsSQL );

            if (null != ds && ds.Tables.Count > 0 && ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count    > 0)
          {
               textBoxID.Text = ds.Tables[0].Rows[0]["ID"].ToString();
               textBoxName.Text = ds.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Name"].ToString();
              textBoxAddress.Text = ds.Tables[0].Rows[0]
            ["Address"].ToString();
            textBoxPhone.Text = ds.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Phone"].ToString();
           }
           else
           {
              textBoxID.Text = "Unrecognised ID";
              textBoxName.Text = "Incorrect Name";
              textBoxAddress.Text = "Wrong Address";
              textBoxPhone.Text = "Invalid Number";
           }
       }

A: You aim is not entirely clear here, as you appear to be asking how to handle multiple rows but assigning these values to a text box which would suggest you only actually want one at a time. May I suggest executing the command stored procedure is a more readable way:
DataSet ds = new DataSet("peopleData");
using(SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("ConnectionString"))
{
        SqlCommand sqlComm = new SqlCommand("get_ID", conn);
        sqlComm.Parameters.AddWithValue("@ID", textBoxID.Text);

        sqlComm.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;

        SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter();
        da.SelectCommand = sqlComm;

        da.Fill(ds);
 }

Then the data can be accessed with something like this for a single row outputting to a textbox:
 DataRow dr = ds.Tables[0].Rows[0]; // This will access the first row
 textBoxName.Text = dr["Name"].ToString();

Or if you are expecting your stored procedure to return many rows, you can iterate through them by doing something like the below. Although, in this case I suspect you wouldn't want to assign each value directly to the textbox, so it may be more appropriate deploy a ListView as suggested in the comments.:
foreach (DataTable dt in ds.Tables)  // Only if you're expecting many datatables.
{
    foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
    {
        textBoxName.Text = dr["Name"].ToString();
    }
}


With online and mobile offering such compelling alternatives to traditional shopping, retailers with physical stores need to offer consumers exactly what they want in order to compete. A recent report by the Interactions subsidiary of Daymon Worldwide reveals some very interesting insights into what shoppers are looking for when they're in stores.
Almost 60% of shoppers say they want demonstrations in the store. Depending on what the product is, it means that having someone prepare food in the store is helpful in a supermarket and seeing clothing on a mannequin or live model is a big plus for helping the consumer make a purchase decision.
Consumers enjoy having food and drinks available in stores. Stores with restaurants on the premises or right nearby are a definite plus.
The study found that 40% of consumer like getting personalized messages about their shopping trip while they're in a store. But the flip side of that is that 60% of shoppers don't like it. The data generally is a good cross-section of the population but it doesn't dive into which groups like getting messages while shopping and which don't. I would bet this breaks down into very specific groups and it's an area worth studying. As technology becomes more ubiquitous every day, I'd bet that over time more people will become comfortable with personalized messages while in store.
The report says that 62% of shoppers use a retailer's mobile app while they're in store. Since retail apps have — so far — been very unsuccessful, I'm wondering whether this question was really understood by respondents. Did they really mean to say they want to use a retailer's mobile app or was the answer really referring to the use of mobile apps during in-store shopping? So many people use Amazon's app while they're in other people's stores it makes me wonder.
Seventy perfect of consumers say they are more likely to buy a product if they get a chance to try it in store. Being out of stock and offering to ship it to a consumer's home from another store is a nice consolation prize, but if you really want to sell things to people, better have it in the store.
Well, of course. But what do they mean by convenience? The factors that are important to consumers for a store are location and hours. Checkout lines and being able to order the same products online or in store were ranked lower.
Eighty-two percent of shoppers said they enjoyed holiday shopping. Interestingly, of the holiday shoppers that made lists, almost two-thirds would buy gifts that weren't on their list if it appealed to them in store. There's always opportunities for great merchandising.
The report has many important points. But the biggest point is that retailers need to keep asking what consumers want as their needs change over time.


text:
James Macintyre & Co.
From Industrial Ceramics to Art Pottery
In 1843, William Saddler Kennedy established a pottery at Washington Works in Burslem, Staffordshire, England. James Macintyre partnered with his brother-in-law Kennedy in 1854 and the firm was renamed Kennedy & Macintyre. Starting in 1860, Kennedy left the business, which operated subsequently as James Macintyre & Co. For the first fifty years of its existence, the company focused on making architectural elements, electrical porcelain, and industrial fittings. Around 1894, James Macintyre & Co. released its first art pottery wares, Washington Faience, by a designer named Wildig. This was followed by the Gesso Faience line, conceived by former Doulton's employee Harry Barnard.
In 1897, a young designer named William Moorcroft joined James Macintyre & Co. and began working on Aurelian Ware, which was a line of Victorian-style transfer pottery in bold colors. Within a year, Moorcroft was put in charge of the firm's entire art pottery studio. His Art Nouveau-influenced Florian Ware, with elaborate floral patterns in a soft palette, quickly brought attention to James Macintyre & Co. At the St. Louis World's Fair in 1904, William Moorcroft's Florian Ware was widely celebrated and led the designer to outshine his employer. Eventually, this dynamic proved untenable and James Macintyre & Co. closed its art pottery division altogether in 1912. Moorcroft went on to found his own pottery the following year and it would become very successful.
Starting in 1913, James Macintyre & Co. shifted primarily to the production of electrical insulators. From 1928 forward, the company only manufactured industrial porcelain for electrical insulation projects. In 1966, James Macintyre & Co. merged with T. Arrowsmith & Sons, but the two businesses maintained their names for marketing purposes.
Florian Ware vase with forget-me-nots
Early Claremont vase with toadstools
Florian Ware tyg and vase with forget-me-nots
Tall Florian Ware vase with poppies
result $938
Florian Ware vases with roses, set of two
Green and Gold Florian vases, set of two
Alhambra Florian Ware vases, pair
Alhambra Florian Ware vase with poppies
Tall Florian Ware vase with forget-me nots
Aurelian vases with flowers, set of two
Florian Ware vases with poppies and forget-me-nots, set of two
Green and Gold Florian vase
Florian Ware vase with poppies
Florian Ware vases with poppies, set of two

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
International | Geriatric prisoners
In it for life
Old prisoners are suffering from poor care—and putting a strain on jails, too
BINGO draws a crowd; so does the baking class. Low beds, high loos and handrails assist the frail. Only the glint of razor wire outside shows this is not a social club. Detmold, near the German city of Hanover, is a harbinger of future prisons: once a pen for the young and hardy, they are now housing the old and feeble, too.
In most rich countries, the elderly are the fastest growing category of prisoner. Definitions of old age in jail vary, but the trend is clear. In the decade after 2000 the over-55s grew by 181% in America (the total prison population by 17%); the over-60s rose by 128% in England and Wales (against 34% overall); and in Australia the over-65s increased by 140%. By 2030 perhaps a third of American prisoners will be over 55.
The main cause is not crime rates (which are mostly falling) but harsher sentences and less parole—plus an ageing population. Another, says Azrini Wahidin of Belfast University, is that better forensic science has fuelled a "phenomenal" clear-up rate of long-ago crimes. That catches now-elderly malefactors.
Locking up old people is costly. In 2012 Human Rights Watch, a campaigning and research outfit, estimated that jails spend up to nine times more on an ageing convict than on a typical prisoner. In Britain more than 80% of convicts over 60 have a chronic illness or disability. Yet only Norwich prison has a 16-bed end-of-life unit, in operation since 2005. Britain's only elderly prison wing, complete with stairlift, is at Kingston, near Portsmouth (it is one of seven prisons to be shut down by April 2013).
Deafness, osteoporosis and dementia need nursing-home care—and a handful of jails are starting to offer it. In December 2012 Rimutaka prison, New Zealand's biggest, opened the country's first unit for vulnerable inmates (it is in a former youth wing). Fishkill prison in New York created a dementia unit in 2007. Japan's Onomichi prison has equipped geriatric cells with rubber floors for the incontinent and ramps for the disabled.
Stuart Ware, who set up a support network for elderly British inmates while one himself, recalls inadequate medical care by a prison medic dubbed "Dr Death" by his patients. The National Health Service now deals with British prisons. But non-medical social care falls through the cracks, says Eoin McLennan Murray, president of the Prison Governors Association.
Without specialist help, prison guards or fellow inmates step in. Will Styles, governor of Norwich prison, says officer roles are shifting from control to care. Old inmates who prefer "a less boisterous life" can apply for a cell in the new "mature gentlemen's" wing. Waiting lists are long.
But the spiral staircases and narrow doors of many British prisons, built for youthful villains in the 19th century, hinder old bones and wheelchairs. In 2001 a British watchdog found that only 14% of elderly inmates lived in ground-floor cells. Few staff are trained to wash, dress and feed weak bodies. An ex-governor admits "they just don't have the time".
Brie Williams, an American geriatrician, says many jailers mistake mild dementia, hard to spot in a regimented environment, for stroppiness. Segregated jails for the elderly, such as True Grit in Nevada, which offers wheelchair aerobics and crochet classes, limit victimisation.
But most jails favour mixed-age populations, as do many old-timers. They also provide a stabilising force in the prison environment, says Seena Fazel, a psychiatrist at Oxford University. At the California Men's Colony, "Gold Coats"—convicts with spotless prison records—are trained to assist demented inmates in showering and changing incontinence pads. The "Silver Fox" programme at Central California Women's Facility lets older women take shortcuts through buildings and have extra time for laundry, although handcuffs and shackles must be worn off-site.
Given scanty budgets and staff cuts, Mr McLennan Murray thinks Britain should follow America's lead in training fit prisoners as carers. Others say prison should be seen as a scarce commodity. The American Civil Liberties Union, a lobby group, wants fairer medical parole to discharge frail prisoners early. Electronic monitoring may work if the risk of reoffending is low. Governments need to hurry: doing time ages inmates at twice the natural rate.
This article appeared in the International section of the print edition under the headline "In it for life"
International March 2nd 2013
Flight to nowhere
Carrots all round
From the March 2nd 2013 edition
More from International
Most children in poor countries are being failed by their schools
Having teachers follow pre-baked lessons could help
Open-source intelligence is piercing the fog of war in Ukraine
Social-media posts and satellite imagery provide a torrent of data, but can overwhelm and confuse
The age of the grandparent has arrived
The ratio of grandparents to children is higher than ever before. That has big consequences


text:
Coyote Land Company Cleanup Completed
The Florida Department of Environmental Protection announced nearly 20,000 cubic yards of solid waste at the Panama City site has been cleaned up, and it is no longer an environmental hazard.
The Coyote Land Co. Waste Disposal Facility cleanup in Panama City, Fla., has been completed, meaning the closed facility is no longer an environmental hazard, the Florida Department of Environmental Protection announced. Nearly 20,000 cubic yards of solid waste were cleaned up through a "pollution prevention project" with an expected value of more than $500,000 that satisfies a penalty agreed upon by Phoenix Construction in an unrelated 2010 consent order. Phoenix Construction chose to carry out the cleanup project in lieu of paying a monetary penalty, according to the state agency's announcement.
The facility is located at 2101 East 9th St. in Panama City. It was previously permitted as a transfer station for solid waste, but it was "an environmental hazard and community concern for years, particularly since the station closed in 2011," after an application for permit renewal was denied on Sept. 17, 2010. according to DEP. An administrative law judge upheld the denial, and an order to close the site in accordance with Florida Administrative Code was issued Aug. 22, 2011. The owner later abandoned the site, according to the agency.
"I'm pleased to see this cleanup complete and that this site is no longer a threat to the environment," said DEP Northwest District Director Shawn Hamilton. "The cooperation we received from the city and the county was crucial to this success."
The Changing Face of Waste Management in the COVID Era
New York Enacts a State-Wide Ban on Single-Use Plastic Bags
Scientists Look for New Solution for 100 Billion Barrels of Oil-Contaminated Wastewater Generated Every Year
How to Avoid Nine Expensive Hazardous Waste Violations
Gerber and TerraCycle Launch Baby Food Recycling Program
Pennsylvania DEP Issues Draft Denial of Waste Permit


text:
Q: What is correct way to hide/unhide nav bar during an interactive transition via NavigationControllerDelegate? This is related to another question of mine, iOS 8 + interactive transition + nav bar shown = broken?, but is different.
On iOS 8, when one is doing an interactive transition from view A to view B via the NavigationControllerDelegate / UIViewControllerInteractiveTransitioning method, and view A has a navbar, and view B does NOT, then what is the correct method to hide / unhide the nav bar?
I tried to do this in the ViewController like this:
- (void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated {
    [super viewWillAppear:animated];

    [[self transitionCoordinator] animateAlongsideTransition:^(id<UIViewControllerTransitionCoordinatorContext> context) {

        if (self.navigationController) {
            [self.navigationController setNavigationBarHidden:YES animated:animated];
        }

    } completion:^(id<UIViewControllerTransitionCoordinatorContext> context) {

        NSArray *debugViews = [context containerView].subviews;
        NSLog(@"%@", debugViews);

        if ([context isCancelled] ) {
            if( self.navigationController ) {
                [self.navigationController setNavigationBarHidden:NO animated:animated];
            }
        }
    }];
}

- (void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated {

    [[self transitionCoordinator] animateAlongsideTransition:^(id<UIViewControllerTransitionCoordinatorContext> context) {

        if (self.navigationController) {
            [self.navigationController setNavigationBarHidden:NO animated:animated];
        }

    } completion:^(id<UIViewControllerTransitionCoordinatorContext> context) {

        if ([context isCancelled] ) {
            if( self.navigationController ) {
                [self.navigationController setNavigationBarHidden:YES animated:animated];
            }
        }
    }];

    [super viewWillDisappear:animated];
}

... but there are two big problems:

*

*The view (mainly the navbar) "flickers" sometimes when animation is completing. This is really ugly if you have a complex view underneath.

*If the user cancels the interactive transition (ie. by not dragging far enough or pinching enough) then the navbar goes away forever, even though I can see in the code that it's being told to unhide.
Here is some soure-code to show this happening: https://github.com/xaphod/UIViewControllerTransitionTut
--> un-pinch to go from one view controller to another; the first view has a nav bar, the second one does not. When you complete the transition, you can sometimes see flickering (problem 1 above). When you un-pinch just a little bit and let go, that's a cancelled transition: although you're still on view 1, the navbar has disappeared (problem 2 above).

A: The right way to hide the navigation bar will be to use Navigation's controller delegate,make sure you set the window's navigation controller delegate to self before using the following delegate method:-
Just do this in the AppDelegate.m
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application
        didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
 {
        self.window.rootViewController.navigationController.delegate=self;

    //do your rest code...

  }

-(void)navigationController:(UINavigationController *)navController
             willShowViewController:(UIViewController *)viewController
                           animated:(BOOL)animated
{
            [navController setNavigationBarHidden:([viewController isKindOfClass:[CustomViewController class]])
                              animated:animated];   // just mention the view controller class type for which  you want to hide
}

Referred from this SFO's

A: If you wants to hide navigation bar in particular viewcontroller you can use this method in wilAppear.
//Unhide

-(void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated
{
    self.navigationController.navigationBarHidden = NO;

}

//Hide

-(void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated
{
    self.navigationController.navigationBarHidden = YES;

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Mary Bridget Luba (born August 20, 1993) is an American professional soccer midfielder who played for Chicago Red Stars in NWSL. She is a graduate of engineering from Marquette University and played collegiate soccer for Marquette Golden Eagles.

Early life
Raised in Shorewood, Wisconsin with three older siblings, Luba attended Shorewood High School.<ref
name=wisbio></ref> Luba is afraid of heights and likes kites.

Marquette University
Luba attended Marquette University where she majored in engineering and played for the Golden Eagles in Big East Conference. In 2013, Luba was named to several Big East honorary teams including the Big East All-Academic Team; All-BIG EAST Second Team; NSCAA Women's NCAA Division I All-Northeast Region Third Team; NSCAA Scholar All-North/Central Region First Team; Big East All-Tournament team; and was also named Outstanding Offensive Player of the Big East Tournament.
In 2014, Luba was named to All-Big East First Team, as well as to NSCAA NCAA Division I Women's All-Northeast Region second team.

Playing career

Club
In 2015, Luba was eligible for National Women's Soccer League college draft. She  played for the Chicago Red Stars during the preseason in 2015.

During the regular season while several team members of Chicago Red Stars were away representing United States women's national soccer team at
2015 FIFA Women's World Cup Luba made her debut in National Women's Soccer League. Luba also played for the Chicago Red Stars Reserves team and won the Women's Premier Soccer League national championship in July 2015. On September 2, 2015, Chicago Red Stars announced the signing of Mary Luba for the remainder of 2015 Chicago Red Stars season, just one game before the end of regular season.

In October 2017, Chicago Red Stars waived Luba to make room for Yūki Nagasato on the roster.

International
In July 2014, Luba was invited to the training camp of United States under-23 women's national soccer team by coach Steve Swanson.

References

External links
 Chicago Red Stars player profile
 Marquette player profile

1993 births
Living people
American women's soccer players
Chicago Red Stars players
National Women's Soccer League players
Women's association football midfielders
Soccer players from Wisconsin
Marquette Golden Eagles women's soccer players
Shorewood High School (Wisconsin) alumni

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Woven and separate as lights of the north.
Existences lived in an uncommon realm.
Carefully passed through the ages of time.
Rose through our voices and guided my dance.
*Copyright 2014 by Carol McMillan. Broadside designed by Anita K. Boyle, Egress Studio. Illustration by Angela Boyle, Flying Dodo Publications.
You are invited to an online poetry open mic on spreecast.
URIRL (u r u in real life) presents selected and featured readers plus open mic today, Saturday, June 28, 2014, at 1 o'clock Pacific time, 2 o'clock Mountain, 3 o'clock Central, 4 o'clock Eastern.
All you need is an internet connection and a free spreecast account (and a webcam if you want to read). In Bellingham, Washington, you can also tune in by joining Thom Davis for Open Laptop at the Alternative Library. See the event page on Facebook and see more on the URIRL Tumblr archive.
Nearly a year ago, we posted about the Literary Clock, an ambitious undertaking of The Guardian (UK). Launched in 2011, the project is still attempting to find a literary quote (including poetry, of course) that cites a particular hour and minute for every one of the 1,440 minutes in the 24-hour day. The clock, which is live online, provides the relevant quote at the exact minute it cites (to see a new quote, wait for the second hand to sweep the new minute).
Starting at about 9:00 a.m., there are quotes for nearly every minute, but in those early-morning hours between midnight and 9 there are still many quoteless minutes. Have a look at The Guardian's updated chart of missing minutes and keep an eye on the clock as you dive into your summer reading.
If the American Academy of Pediatrics has anything to do with it, you'll be reading more — and that includes reading more poetry, right? — to the infants in your life. Which poems would you recommend for the youngest audience? Read the article by Motoko Rich in The New York Times.
In case you missed it, James B. Stewart's June 20 article in The New York Times, "Booksellers Score Some Points in Amazon's Spat With Hachette" (also published June 21 in the The Seattle Times as "Seattle bookseller uses Amazon spat to connect with his customers") puts one of Seattle's stalwart independents, Third Place Books, front and center in the developing story of the "spat" between Amazon and Hachette.


text:
Post-Truth Politics, the Fifth Estate and the Securitization of Fake News
By Nayef Al-Rodhan - 07 June 2017
Nayef Al-Rodhan looks towards international solutions to the problem of fake news.
"Post-truth" was selected the 2016 'word of the year' by the Oxford Dictionaries but the term is symptomatic of an 'era', rather than a year: an era of boundless virtual communication, where politics thrives on a repudiation of facts and commonsense. 'Post-truthness' crosses new lines of division: political splits seem to be less about ideology and more a battle between facts and lies.
Although the term "post-truth" has existed for over two decades, 2016 was an appropriate time to give it a boost of popularity. The Oxford Dictionaries defined "post-truth" as "relating to or denoting circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief". The Economist has devoted several pieces to post-truth politics, which it defines as a "reliance on assertions that "feel true" but have no basis in fact". Such assertions often remain unverified and have little or no repercussions for the culprits; even if said claims are exposed as stark lies, they do little to delegitimize the perpetrator.
Post-truth politics everywhere has a fundamental common denominator: it appeals to emotions and gut feeling more than facts and evidence. Fake news and conspiracy theories can go viral in a matter of hours, creating alternate realities and serving propaganda purposes. Post-truth is a threat to liberal democracy and its institutions and simultaneously exposes the vulnerability of the liberal order. It is also a symptom of a greater problem, which is accountability in the online community.
Denial of facts, deceit and rumour-based allegations are nothing new in politics. In 1986, Ronald Reagan admitted publicly on national television that he had traded weapons for hostages with Iran – after having insisted for months that he had not. He concluded that: "my heart and my best intentions still tell me that's true, but the facts and evidence tell me it is not".
Nowadays, the term "fake news" has become ubiquitous to the extent that it conveniently used in an accusatory manner, to denounce or belittle any uncomfortable or inconvenient facts. President Trump has frequently labeled real, verified news from mainstream outlets as "fake news" – a step further from what any other politicians have done in the past, despite the fact that many US presidents have had a complicated and adversarial relationship with the press. In 1962, Nixon partly blamed the press for his loss in the elections for governor of California. Subsequently, once president, he created the White House Communications Office to ensure his interactions with the media were as predictable and orchestrated as possible.
Even so, what we are witnessing today, in the "post-truth" era is more menacing because of the multiplication of channels of communication. Information now can circulate freely and unverified on the Internet, providing possibilities of misinformation and propaganda on a scale that was previously virtually impossible. In effect, it is now possible to share fake news more frequently than verified news, also due to the fact that social media has enabled the proliferation of authentic-looking or misleading fake accounts that help spread lies, most often directed against the liberal public.
What is truth anyway?
The Oxford Dictionaries dates the first use of the term to a 1992 essay by Steve Tesich, a Serbian-American playwright writing in The Nation following the Iran/Contra scandal. Tesich reflected that after the Watergate revelations and reporting of atrocities from Vietnam, Americans had become contemptuous of uncomfortable truths. He noted: "we came to equate the truth with bad news (…). We looked to our government to protect us from the truth".
Journalist David Roberts also used the term "post-truth" more than two decades ago to refer to the response of some US politicians refuting scientific claims about climate change.
In 2004, Ralph Keyes proclaimed we had reached the age of "post-truth". In his 2004 book, "The Post-Truth Era: Dishonesty and Deception in Contemporary Life", Keyes expressed the concern that we are losing the stigma attached to lying, meaning that lies can be told with impunity. For Keyes, such times of "post truthfulness" represent an ethical twilight zone.
The common theme running across the history of the term is that post-truth is defined by lies spread routinely by politicians, with little or no significant consequences for their legitimacy and reputation. But there are inevitable consequences for the future of democracy and the future of humanity: a future in which scientific facts are repudiated cannot be anything but insecure. Veritas, or truth, and facts are crucial for humanity, and indispensible for effective decision-making and ultimately, for human progress. Moreover, facts-based policies are also important in an existential sense and indispensible to our own survival – the case of the debate on climate change being a prime example.
Geopolitics and Fake News
Geopolitics in the era of fake-news is also complicated because post-truth disrupts a fundamental element of diplomacy and international politics, namely communication. Unsubstantiated allegations and groundless claims will distort diplomatic relations and lead political and military processes astray. False claims about the money 'extorted' from the UK by the European Union helped build the case for Brexit, with its ensuing implications for stability in Europe and elsewhere. The Russian state used social media to spread allegations that the Ukranian government crucified a child – a claim later debunked, yet telling of how fake news can help fuel wars. Similarly, populist rhetoric about NATO's inadequacy and misinformation about its funding mask ignorance about the real benefits of the alliance for its members' common security. Although unsubstantiated, such comments are enough to create anxiety in political quarters and prompt some Eastern European nations to see their state security in a wholly different geopolitical light. In the post-truth era, a complete lack of understanding of military strategy and the intricacies of warfare will be less relevant in devising policies, and this comes at the risk of dismantling security communities and the foundations of the liberal order.
The possibility of hijacking national elections also has profound geopolitical and security implications. This has been a particularly key topic in the aftermath of the US elections. The stakes are especially high in France, which is a key member of the European Union and NATO, and where the winning candidate can, quite unequivocally, impact the future of the liberal order.
The Enlightenment Tradition and Fake news
The conflict between objective fact and subjectivity has a long history in philosophical debates. Indeed, philosophy has mulled over relativism for centuries. After all, epistemic relativism is all about attributing validity to different views of the world, accepting those views are construed in a particular context and that somebody's 'truth' depends on their context.
Yet, while we can accept that there are many 'truths' that individuals live by, the post-truth era repudiates science and scholarly expertise with a vigour that can only concern us. If everything can be interpreted, then nothing can be certain whatsoever. What place is there for the community of scientists in an era of post-truth? Facts, statistics, evidence are either distorted or rebuffed in the age of post-truth. The Enlightenment tradition taught us to celebrate freedom of thought and human reason as a marker of our shared humanity, affirming that despite different opinions, we could find common ground owning to our capacity for reason. Humans, as independent, sovereign entities were bound to seek to unlock the forces that keep them in the dark. The Enlightenment project was not only about reason, but also about wider political goals: it was internationalist in spirit, strongly anti-clerical, and celebrated individual freedom and human rights.
Edmund Burke, who vigorously opposed the ideals of the French Revolutions, decried the turn to reason that the Enlightenment so strongly advocated: for Burke, history, tradition and collective wisdom were more meaningful and enduring sources of legitimacy for human institutions. Nietzsche was a fierce critic of the Enlightenment, considering its ideals as arrogant illusions. Many other thinkers, like Isaiah Berlin, for instance, challenged the claims of the Enlightenment and considered it rather utopian. Rationality, and the notion that mankind can carve its own destiny, was dangerous and materialistic. The ideas contained in the anti-Enlightenment movement gained traction and essentially laid the foundations for anti-intellectualism. The 'post-truth age' is reminiscent of this attack on reason.
Anti-globalization, xenophobic and nationalistic politicians will be relieved to have the Enlightenment legacy challenged but their alternative is anything but sustainable in the long run. The fact that individuals are swamped with fake news that question scientific forecasts is hardly a reason for celebration celebrate.
Moreover, as further detailed below, we are now compelled to question the long-held premise about the human faculty to seek intellectual freedom and reason from another angle altogether. Cognitive sciences and cognitive linguistics, in particular, send a similar warning, demonstrating that people are more likely to validate messages that use certain mental structures such as metaphors and frames, rather than pure reason.
Neuroscience and Fake News
Neuroscience hints at similar biases of interpretation of the world – our brains acquire knowledge and understanding of the world by a combination of sense experience and reason. Knowledge is always situational. It also always rooted in physicalism because everything in the brain is physical: every thought process is mediated by neurochemistry and neuroanatomical responses. This means knowledge develops as a unique experience for each individual. With insights from neuroscience, I have called this paradigm of knowledge-formation neuro-rational physicalism. The idea of knowledge as not only personal (and therefore not universal), but also a physical process was not particularly popular in philosophy before the advent of neuroscience and neuroimaging tools, which allowed unprecedented visual access into the brain.
Neuroscientific research also provides insight into why fake news could appear so enticing and easy to spread. The clue seems to lie in the role that emotions play in our thinking, being far more important than the 'rational' portion of our decision-making. Other recent findings reinforce this premise: the prefrontal cortex, which hosts the logical part of the brain, comes second in the process of reading the news. What will make a piece of news more likely to be shared is whether it activates the social part of the brain, and whether it has a wider social value for the reader.
However, the problem with post-truth goes beyond individual responsibility, as a vast panoply of political and commercial entities contribute to complicating the access to information.
Digital Capitalism and Fake News
The search for 'truth' in the age of technology is complicated by the unique challenges raised by the medium of communication itself.
Content no longer comes primarily in bundles, such as newspapers, but through social media. A survey by the Pew Centre revealed that the majority of adults in the US (62%) get their news from social media platforms. The internet has changed how people communicate, not only in terms of speed but also by enabling individuals to find and coalesce around other groups with biases similar to their own, thereby reinforcing their beliefs.
In the early 2000s, the advent of the internet was hailed as a new era in individual and political freedom, allowing for greater democratic participation. The transformative power of internet-mediated communication seemed to be tested and confirmed with "color revolutions" around the world. In this context, blogs epitomize the democratization of the media, empowering private citizens to expose abuses of power, call for grassroots mobilization or voice concerns – often protected by anonymity. Such new opportunities of expression give online channels an immense role in public life. I have previously called blogs "the fifth estate", for their potential to become avatars of power, going beyond the power of the traditional press, which Edward Burke had famously dubbed 'the fourth estate'.
But the emergence of a post-truth reality shows the reverse, darker, side of this development. Now the Internet and its many platforms are emerging as terrifying forces, giving rise to the major moral crisis of our times.
The profusion of fake news in the post-truth age can do irreparable damage to the foundations of the liberal order. Fake news will only sharpen polarizations, corrupt intellectual integrity and damage the fabric of democracy. Post-truth thrives in a very polarized or partisan environment, where the idea of truth is already split into notions of "my truth vs. your truth". Fake news then reinforces existing political and social polarizations, leading to a downward spiral into more divisions and uncertainty.
But focusing exclusively on the end results of media falsehood and "alternative facts" risks misplacing blame entirely on dishonest politicians. Indeed, the medium itself in which the post-truth age has developed is not neutral. Rather, much of this medium is owned by private "digital giants" that profit immensely from click-baits. Given the power of companies like Google and Facebook, digital capitalism has a share of responsibility in the larger narrative about post-truth.
What is the way forward?
Tackling the serious challenge of fake news requires stronger action by governments and private actors alike. Complete fact-checking on the internet might remain a utopia, but there are many ways to counter the epidemic of fake news or "alternative facts".
1. Improved technological tools for fact-checking
States and digital companies must immediately implement better systems for fact-checking. This is, to some extent, already underway and it needs to be pursued more vigorously.
As early as 2014, the European Union started funding a project called PHEME, a technology to verify the accuracy of information online. Ahead of its elections in 2017, Germany is taking action unilaterally to prevent misinformation aiming to distort public opinion. Following false stories such as that its oldest church was set alight by a mob, Germany asked Facebook to introduce a fake news filtering tool. Aside from state initiatives, some other types of actors, such as non-state or non-profit entities, have also expressed interest in using verification tools, such as Check, which is a platform for collaborative verification of content on digital media.
2. Greater public presence for scientists and dialogue with the scientific community
Another way of ensuring that facts take precedence over groundless rhetoric is to have an unmediated dialogue between scientific expertise and policy-making. The UK is implementing this by bringing scientific research directly into Parliament: the Parliamentary Office for Science and Technology (POST) briefs parliamentarians (MPs and Lords) on various topics, in accessible and succinct formats. A recent report by the UK House of Commons Science and Technology Committee also highlighted that scientists need to be aided in becoming better and more efficient communicators to the public. This also included more concrete recommendations for science journalists.
3. Stronger government action – but staying mindful of not infringing upon civil liberties
For example, the Czech Republic recently set up a unit within the Ministry of Interior to help combat the spread of fake news, particularly in preparation for the upcoming elections and an expected surge in Russian propaganda. The security dimension of this initiative is explicit: the name of the unit that will tackle fake news is "Centre against Terrorism and Hybrid Threats".
While state-sanctioned control and filtering of news was always associated with authoritarian regimes, these recent developments are, conversely, efforts to help save liberal democratic processes and secure fair elections. Yet state-led initiatives have both risks and deficiencies. For a start, the claim of "fake news" can be used as an excuse to introduce censorship and thus further erode trust in the state. Another problem is that in states with fewer resources and institutional capabilities to respond to the threat of fake news, it is citizens that must be careful and vigilant about the information they receive. This is a wishful proposition but impractical for many reasons, not least because it assumes that all citizens have the requisite literacy skills to assess the authenticity of the news.
Increasingly, calls for fact-checking are prompting private digital companies to react but there is a long road ahead to fully implement a system of monitoring disputed information.
4. Securitizing fake news
Post-truth represents a dangerous surge of populism that glorifies vulgarity and lies, with implications that are not 'just' ethical, but destabilizing for domestic politics and geopolitics.
To confront the dangers of post-truth, the international community must consider it an emerging security challenge, in need of stern responses and collective efforts.
So far, numerous countries have tried to tackle this independently. The US has recently cooperated with Spanish authorities to arrest a prominent Russian hacker for his involvement in the US 2016 elections. Operating under the alias "Severa", his fake antivirus software functioned as a spam engine for several years, infecting between 70,000 and 90,000 computers and sending up to 1.5 billion spam messages a day. These figures show the frightening dimensions of this type of propaganda.
Tackling the complications around fake news and identifying trolls can prove to be a difficult task, even for countries with extraordinarily strong and competent intelligence services. Countries with fewer resources find themselves in an even more vulnerable position.
The international community must devise collaborative processes and means of exchange to help counter the noxious effects of fake news. For example, the international community needs to step up its efforts to support projects like EU's PHEME. Fact-checking online can have critical impacts in elections, and needs to be considered an integral part of electoral assistance, together with other financial efforts or sending electoral observers.
Simultaneously, the international community must ensure that states do not use their efforts to purge the digital realm of trolls and fake news as an excuse for implementing tighter controls of information.
In March 2017, a "Joint Declaration on Freedom of Expression and Fake News, Disinformation and Propaganda", issued by the UN Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Opinion and Expression, the OSCE and the Organization for American States, warned against the effects of 'fake news' and propaganda but made a strong point of condemning attempts at state-mandated censorship and blocking of websites. This will be a delicate balance to strike, but one that states must remain committed to maintaining.
Prof Nayef Al-Rodhan (@SustainHistory) is an Honorary Fellow at St Antony's College, University of Oxford, and Senior Fellow and Head of the Geopolitics and Global Futures Programme at the Geneva Centre for Security Policy.
http://www.sustainablehistory.com/ & http://oxford.academia.edu/NayefAlRodhan
Photo credit: Foter.com
Book Review - The "Third" United Nations: How a Knowledge Ecology Helps the UN
Why a Narrative of the #PandemicOfTheUnvaccinated Risks Prolonging the Pandemic


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Home » Knowledge » This day, that year: What happened on January 22...
This day, that year: What happened on January 22 in history
News9Live Staff
22 Jan 2023 08:09:AM
Apollo 5 mission was lifted off on January 22, 1968, from Cape Canaveral, Florida. (Photo credit: airandspace.si.edu)
From the death of Shah Jahan to the successful launch of Apollo 5, much has happened on this day over the years.
Shah Jahan died on January 22, 1666, at the age of 74.
Thakur Roshan Singh was born on January 22, 1892, in Shahjahanpur district of the United Provinces.
Manik Sarkar, who was born on January 22, is an Indian communist politician and served as the Chief Minister of Tripura.
New Delhi: Human civilisation has evolved over several centuries, engraving key events throughout its journey. This day, that year will look into the important historical events, incidents and major happenings on that particular day of the year. As history keeps inventing itself, we are also keen to rekindle our past to keep our knowledge quotient high. Today in history, i.e. January 22, the following notable events took place.
1666: Shah Jahan died
Shah Jahan, who was also known as Prince Khurram until 1628, was the third son of the Mughal emperor Jahangir and the Rajput princess Manmati. His original name was Shihab al-Din Muḥammad Khurram and was married to Arjumand Banu Begum, niece of Jahangir's wife Nur Jahan in 1612. After Jahangir died in 1627, with the support of Aṣaf Khan, Nur Jahan's brother, Shah Jahan managed to become the emperor of Agra in February 1628. Shah Jahan's reign was notable for its successes against the Deccan States and the construction of the Taj Mahal. He died on January 22, 1666, at the age of 74.
1892: Thakur Roshan Singh was born
Thakur Roshan Singh, who was born on January 22, 1892, in the village of Nabada in Shahjahanpur district of the United Provinces, now in Uttar Pradesh, was an Indian freedom fighter. He was sentenced in the Bareilly shooting case during the Non-Cooperation Movement of 1921–22. Soon after being released from jail, he joined the Hindustan Republican Association in 1924. Despite the fact that he had not participated in the Kakori conspiracy of August 1925, he was arrested and convicted by the then-British Government in January 1926 for a murder committed during the Bamrauli dacoity in December 1924.
1949: Manik Sarkar was born
Born on January 22 into a middle-class family, Manik Sarkar is an Indian communist politician who served as the Chief Minister of Tripura from March 1998 to March 2018. Sarkar stepped onto the path of politics and became an active member of the student movement in his academic life. Later in 1968, at the age of 19, he became a member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). He is currently serving as the Leader of Opposition in the Tripura Legislative Assembly.
1965: TIROS 9 was successfully launched
Television and InfraRed Observation Satellite popularly known as TIROS 9 was successfully launched by a Thor-Delta rocket from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida on January 22, 1965. TIROS 9 was a sun-synchronous meteorological spacecraft designed to develop improved capabilities for obtaining and using TV cloud cover pictures from satellites to test the TOS (TIROS Operational System) concept. Designed in the form of an 18-sided right prism, the spin-stabilised spacecraft was 107 cm across opposite corners and 56 cm high, with a reinforced baseplate carrying most of the subsystems and a cover assembly (hat).
1968: Apollo 5 mission lifted off
Launched by the fourth Saturn IB launch vehicle, the Apollo 5 mission lifted off on January 22, 1968, from Cape Canaveral, Florida. Like Apollo 4 and 6, Apollo 5 was also an uncrewed flight aiming to test key Apollo Programme technology. The primary objective of the Apollo 5 mission was to test the Apollo lunar module (LM), which was a two-stage vehicle designed to ferry two astronauts from lunar orbit to the lunar surface and back.
Saturn?
Shah Jahan
This Day That Year
Published: 22 Jan 2023 07:58:AM
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Mitchell Thorp (born 25 December 1988), better known as Mitch Thorp, is an Australian rules football player who played for the Hawthorn Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL).
Thorp was a key position player, and was taken by Hawthorn at pick six in front of Joel Selwood 2006 National Draft.
Thorp debuted against Richmond in round 15 and after a large media buildup he played a promising game, including kicking a goal. An injury from that game meant he was unable to play the following week.
Called in as a late replacement, Thorp played his second game against Sydney in round 2, 2009.
Thorp had surgery to remove a bone fragment and have a pin inserted in his foot. Thorp would take at least three months to recover from a broken sesamoid bone in his left foot. The injury ruled Thorp out for the rest of the 2009 season.
Thorp was delisted by the Hawthorn Football club on 28 October 2009 after no club showed interest in him during the AFL trade week. He later entered the National Draft, but was unable to be drafted by a club.


2. Four pieces of A4 paper or card - four different colours/patterns that compliment each will other work best.
1. Print out the A4 templates (below) onto the A4 card (pdf or jpg) .
The Woven Hearts Template needs to be printed onto either TWO different A4 card pieces, or onto a double-sided piece of card with different patterns on each side.
The Backing Heart Template should be printed onto ONE piece of A4 Card.
Each template makes TWO woven hearts.
2. Cut out the shapes.
5. Ink the edges of the heart.
10. Tape or glue this piece of card onto the white backing card.
12. Add Alpha stickers or write you own words onto the side of the card.
13. Add pearls, Rhinestones or other desired decorative elements.
Ink the edges of the white card.


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Ports Police officer's passion for cars benefits community
Lieutenant, wife founded monthly car show that supports various causes
Tuesday, October 9, 2018/Categories: Blog
Georgia Ports Police Lt. Jeremy Polston's love of classic and custom cars is fueling community outreach in Liberty County.
Polston and his wife, Shannon, founded the Hinesville Horsepower Car Club and its monthly show, Hinesville Cars & Coffee four years ago. The show, which began as a small cruise-in at the Hinesville Dunkin Donuts, is now a much-anticipated event that supports various causes throughout the year.
Georgia Ports Police Lt. Jeremy Polston and his wife, Shannon, founded the Hinesville Horsepower Car Club and its monthly show, Hinesville Cars & Coffee four years ago. The show, which began as a small cruise-in at the Hinesville Dunkin Donuts, is now a much-anticipated event that supports various causes throughout the year.
Each month, the Polstons and other car aficionados raise funds for different organizations, including Reaching Milestones, a treatment program for autistic and special needs children. Polston said last April, the 3-hour event raised more than $500 for autism awareness.
"As the parents of two daughters, Shannon and I always want to help children," Polston said.
Donations and raffles also regularly support K-9 Battle Buddies, an organization that trains rescue dogs to be service companions for veterans.
Polston, an Army veteran who owns two rescue dogs, said Battle Buddies is featured at every event. He said a large number of the local car enthusiast community are active duty and veteran service members.
In October, the club will host its annual trunk-or-treat, which Polston said draws thousands of children from Liberty County and the surrounding areas. Local businesses and private donations provide 10,000 Halloween eggs filled with candy to distribute to attendees.
The event has grown considerably since its inception, Polston said. The show now features more than 100 cars, trucks and motorcycles, drawing hundreds of spectators to the coffee shop's parking lot. He said word-of-mouth and social media really helped the event take off and many local businesses also set up tents.
"It's really wild," Polston said. "It's taken on a life of its own."
The event also provides an outlet for Polston's other passion, Star Wars. He frequently showcases a custom Stormtrooper-themed Ford Mustang, which prominently features hand-painted scenery of Darth Vader and his Imperial Forces on the underside of the hood.
Polston said registration is free, and there is no fee for spectators. He said the goal was to create a family-friendly event that benefited the community. Shannon is the district manager of Dunkin Donuts, and the company sponsors trophies for the winners.
On Oct. 27, Hinesville Cars & Coffee will host its annual trunk-or-treat, which draws thousands of children from Liberty County and the surrounding areas. Local businesses and private donations provide 10,000 Halloween eggs filled with candy to distribute to attendees.
Registrants can win one of 25 trophies, including special, custom awards such as Soldier's Choice and Top Dog, which includes a representative from K-9 Battle Buddies in the award presentation. Each Cars & Coffee event features special guest judges, with children stepping in to choose winners in October.
"When you can get the community together, you can accomplish something incredible," Polston said. "The success of this event is made possible by the support of every registrant, spectator, sponsor, vendor and business owner."
This camaraderie was evident in September when the event was named Liberty County's best community event in an annual Coastal Courier competition.
Cars & Coffee generally runs from 9 a.m. to noon on the last Saturday of the month, but the trunk-or-treat will be 6 to 9 p.m. on Oct. 27. For more information, visit Hinesville Cars & Coffee on Facebook and Instagram.


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2 Possible Classification Criteria
2.1 Basic Music Sector Categorisation
2.2 The View from the National Level
2.3 Web-based Classifications
3 Guiding Future Research
This article is the final instalment relating to the twelve areas of possible research into the potential and actual contribution of sources other than the Australian Bureau of Statistics to music sector data. It is relatively complex, reflecting the intricate nature of the music sector itself and the varied functions of its organisations. The research ideas outlined below need more structuring — we welcome our readers' advice.
Debating the subject with the author during May 2012, Dick Letts summed it up as follows: "The purpose of identifying organisations as a potential statistical group is to capture activities that are not already part of another group. This complicates the statistical plan. One criterion may be that purely local organisations such as those governing community music initiatives and festivals [are excluded]."
Since the knowledge base aims to measure the net contribution of the music sector to the economy (and beyond that to its long-term contribution to the Australian society through an enriched cultural and social life)[1], double counting needs to be recognised and eliminated. We refer to the section on email surveys in Overview of Music Statistics: Conclusions, which advocates two main approaches: surveys of community music and other local organisations, and surveys of national, state and territory organisations.
The activities of local organisations are likely to cover both their administrative and cultural functions — the organisation exists for the sole purpose of producing a cultural product which can be captured statistically, at least in principle. Conversely, national and other central organisations are likely to exist to provide infrastructure support for cultural activities, an activity which does not appear to be captured in any other way.
Basically, therefore, the organisations to be covered under the current heading provide infrastructure support to other parts of the music sector. Most will be national, state and territory based. However, there will be exceptions in an area as complex as the music sector. The assumption that local organisations exist solely for a given cultural activity whereas national ones provide infrastructure support must be checked in individual cases as part of the statistical plan.
Fortunately, the exercise need not be undertaken in one operation but can conceivably take place as a series of piecemeal approaches spread over a longer time.
Possible Classification Criteria
Basic Music Sector Categorisation
The three fundamental music sector categories in the knowledge base are creation, infrastructure support, and innovation and research:[2]
Creation in this context includes composition, live performance (with obvious subclasses covering individual genres), and mediated performance including film, recording, and broadcasting where music is an element to be further defined in the context of the activity.
Infrastructure support opens up a plethora of possible classification criteria under the headings of manufacture and trade, music education and training, other assistance including government support, intellectual property and music publishing, venues and audiences including community music and festivals, and retail and wholesale distribution of music product.
Innovation and research attempts to capture the multi-faceted influence of renewal and development in the music sector. Naturally, it includes academic research by musicologists and others. However, new influences also result from the activities of music critics, libraries, museums and others. New technology in the sense of redefining music products and services permeates the sector in numerous ways, whether associated with instruments, venues, the world-wide web or something else. Finally, new activities associated with the environment ("green music"), health and other areas continue to expand the scope of the music sector in ways that also represent innovation.
Organisations providing infrastructure support may be found in most or all of the activities listed above. It should be fairly straightforward to check whether this support is covered by the general activity of an organisation, or whether there is a risk of double counting. Having established this, there is a further task to determine the music content of the organisation's activities, relative to other artforms.
The View from the National Level
Richard Letts recently updated his article on Music Organisations, which provides useful descriptive background without attempting to tackle the associated statistical issues.
The article focuses on activities in which there are national organisations. This may help sort the problem of what should be included in the statistical analysis. It is assumed that national, to which we should probably add state, territory and possibly regional, organisations are most likely to represent additional activities that are not covered by other statistics.
Local organisations, on the other hand, tend to integrate administrative and artistic musical activities so that these functions cannot be separated for statistical purposes. Hence, the entire musical activity of the local organisation can be potentially measured through surveys (say, festivals or community music organisations), and it would be double counting if these local organisations were also included in a survey of organisations. This is the basis of the Letts hypothesis quoted in the first section of this article. Whether the hypothesis holds water in particular cases depends on the detailed circumstances of each case.
The hypothesis would need to be tested on individual cases and preliminary observations suggest that there are no hard rules — nevertheless the distinction between national infrastructure supporters and local cultural event organisers would prevail in most cases.
Dick Letts categorises activities in which there are national organisations as follows (see full descriptive list in Music Organisations):
Music education at school and tertiary level comprise specialist associations for individual instruments and teaching methods, among others. Organisations governing music examinations and youth orchestras are also included[3]
Creators (composers) is a varied field where some belong to organisations and others don't. The Australian Music Centre is a special case as a resource and service organisation (which definitely provides infrastructure support).
Performers are organised in two unions with minor coverage except for orchestral musicians.
Music Industry — a broad and diverse field including record industry associations, venues, employers/entrepreneurs, publishers, retailers and wholesalers.
Copyright and legal includes Arts Law, the Copyright Council, APRA|AMCOS, CAL and PPCA.
Broadcasting represents organisations for commercial and community radio but the music component must be separately identified (as it must for music industry organisations dealing with film, advertising and other activities, and for the organisations listed in the previous dot point).
Other organisations listed in Music Organisations cater for music therapy, sound recordings, youth, music libraries, and musicology. The article stresses that the list is incomplete.
Web-based Classifications
The MCA, the Australia Council, and other websites contain long lists of organisations which can be used to expand the basic classification in the previous section. It would be part of the statistical plan governing the analysis of organisations to do so.
Our own knowledge base provide other pointers, including those that may yield statistics without the need for a national survey. With the proviso that some of the following may overlap other lists, some possible areas are:
Government arts authorities and cultural departments at Commonwealth, state and territory, and local levels including municipal and regional cultural departments
The Australian Music Industry Network and its seven state and territory member organisations which support contemporary music
Indigenous and ethnic music organisations
Organisations catering for particular interests such as DJs and songwriters.
This list is only supplementary to the suggested classification offered in Music Organisations and from the knowledge base categorication.
Guiding Future Research
The statistical plan remains complex. The notes following provide preliminary guidance. The basic recommendation is to conduct the research on an ongoing basis, segment by segment, learning in the process.
The primary task is to build classifications and lists of primarily national, state and territory organisations which provide infrastructure support rather than support for individual cultural events (generally assumed to be local organisations).
An associated task is to check the validity of the national versus local organisation criterion. It may not be possible to define up-front but will need detailed research.
Having arrived at a classification, the next task is to ascertain how much statistical information will be available from each class of organisations. Some may have primary statistics on employment, income and expenditure and other relevant topics — most probably won't. Some would have to be surveyed through a combined direct and email approach.
Disentangling the music content from the total activity of the organisation becomes an additional issue since the ultimate task is to identify the economic (and social and cultural) role of musical activities.
These issues cannot be solved tomorrow. This article attempts to define the issues, not to solve the problems. How and when to deal with them must be a matter for detailed planning and debate. The current recommendation is to develop all relevant classifications and how to research the statistical problem with a view to dealing with one class of organisations at a time.
To our knowledge, there has been no comprehensive statistical survey of music-related organisations, or even how to tackle such a review. We invite readers to contribute their ideas to what could be quite a substantial component of total music sector activity.
Hans Hoegh-Guldberg. Entered on knowledge base 20 May 2012 as the final part of a general overview of possible statistical sources other than the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Most recently updated 1 June 2012.
↑ This is discussed, for example, in the initial section of Knowledge Base Aims and Structure.
↑ As described in Knowledge Base Aims and Structure, two other fundamental knowledge base categories respectively provide introductory material (About) and set the background (Context).
↑ Music examinations boards would appear to provide pure infrastructure support whereas individual youth orchestras would be covered more likely as pure artistic endeavours. Youth orchestras are supported by their respective governments and others, but in contrast to the UK and Europe, there is no national association of youth orchestras.
Retrieved from "http://musicinaustralia.org.au/index.php?title=Organisations&oldid=6638"
Other Infrastructure Support


text:
Copyright © 2001 by Todd Parr

All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

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First eBook Edition: May 2004

ISBN: 978-0-316-04590-2
Contents

CHAPTER
To megan

for believing in something different

Love,
Todd

ALSO BY TODD PARR:

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaBook


Sometimes also called 'money purchase' schemes. In a defined contribution scheme, each individual holds his or her own 'pot' of money, which will be used after retirement to provide an on-going source of pension income. All the investment risk sits with the member, not the employer.


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McCauley, Ross [1].
The story of a hoboing plant � tracking range expansion of Froelichia gracilis (Amaranthaceae) using historical herbarium records and geographic information systems..
Froelichia gracilis (Hook.) Moq. is a small weedy annual (rarely perennial) herb native to the southern Great Plains and the southwestern United States and adjacent Mexico. Today, F. gracilis is found extensively throughout the eastern U.S. and as far north as southern Ontario. In conjunction with a revision of the genus in North America, over 1000 specimens of F. gracilis from 21 American and European herbaria were consulted and location information used to track expansion of the species range between the years 1900 and 2000. It was found that prior to 1900 the range was restricted to west of the Mississippi River. Initial eastward expansion began with long-distance human mediated dispersal to major industrial and transportation centers near Boston, western New York, and eastern Pennsylvania. Later expansion into the Midwest, particularly the industrialized region south of Lake Michigan occurred by mid-century. This expansion of range east of the Mississippi River has been mediated by railroads that serve to transport the seeds and provide a suitable habitat in ballast, mimicking the poor soils of the species� native habitat in dry hillsides, short-grass prairie, and gravel alluvia. This association with railroads is exemplified by over 90% of all eastern collections being made from railroad ballast. Some recent collections, particularly from the Mid-Atlantic and southeastern states do indicate a recent expansion into less human disturbed areas, principally pine and oak woodlands on sandy soils. This colonization of native habitats indicates the potential invasiveness of F. gracilis, although field observations indicate that its ability to invade beyond the margins of woodlands may be rather limited.
1 - Ohio University, Department of Environmental and Plant Biology, Porter Hall, Richland Avenue, Athens, Ohio, 45701-2979, USA
Amaranthaceae
Froelichia.


As I mentioned, I love the process of familiarizing yourself with a place or people. Sydney has been an easy transition due to the many similarities with Canadian life. But there can be different expectations and norms between even relatively close people groups, so it was only a matter of time.
And one area when Australia differs greatly is coffee.
It can be somewhat summed up in a conversation I had with a barista this morning.
Him: G'day, what'll it be?
Me: A large coffee please.
Me: No, just coffee please.
Him: Yeah right, a long black then. Cheers.
It took me a couple of days, but I've discovered that coffee in Australia means any kind of beverage for which coffee beans are included. It might be a latte, a cappuccino, or the very popular flat white.
You know what coffee never means down here? Brewed coffee. Apparently no one likes it, so you can't get it. Every beverage is a shot of espresso with something else mixed in. A long black has been my drink of choice then, but unfortunately the results have been weaker than expected. And so coffee has been the one negative aspect of my time down under.
Thankfully, the beer has been fantastic!


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A friend invited me to a restaurant in Sausalito recently. Thinking about the drive across the Golden Gate Bridge to Marin County brought back many bittersweet memories of wonderful and tragic days in San Francisco's seismic history.
I used to work at KQED, first in TV programming, then in FM, over several years in the City. Before KQED moved to it's present Potrero Hill location, we used to have our studios and offices near the overpass at 8th and Bryant, South of Market, at the edge of the Tenderloin.
After disembarking from the Larkspur Golden Gate Ferry, our regular MUNI driver crooned soft pop and jazz as we moved South down Market Street through the Financial District from the Ferry Terminal. Regular riders brought him fresh morning coffee from the ferry's refreshment bar and we knew him by name. His voice sounded just like Lou Rawls and it was a great way to travel in the City.
Every morning I had hot tea, a muffin, and read a newspaper with other City-bound commuters on the ferry. With the breathtaking early morning and late afternoon views, I believed then that I had possibly the best commute of anyone on the planet. That all changed on October 17, 1989, at 5:04 p.m.
During the opening practice before Game 3 of the 1989 World Series, which was scheduled to begin at 5:35 p.m. (an amazing Bay Area event with both the A's and the Giant's meeting at Candlestick that night), I was under Market Street on BART, heading to the ferry terminal for my ferry ride back to Larkspur. My husband was waiting for me at home in Marin, after cooking us dinner so we could watch the game when I got home. I had ridden MUNI and the Market Street BART line for several years and knew every turn and bump in the route. But that night the BART car did a small side-to-side sway, went up and down suddenly, then we came to a slow stop after leaving the Montgomery Street Station. Next, the emergency lights came on and I saw startled faces in the soft amber glow. It was completely silent, eerie, and all conversations stopped as we sat underground.
I had been reading a newly-published book on the life and death of Chairman Mao. The chapter I had just started was discussing the construction of his mausoleum. I decided not to read that chapter at that particular time, as I did not want to tempt the fates. One woman on my BART car had three small children, did not speak English, and I could tell she was starting to panic. Many of the passengers were trying to get the Series game or news on transistor radios (having brought them to work for the ride home, knowing the series would start early), or to read their papers as if nothing had happened. Yet, when I looked at their faces, I noticed that most were glancing rapidly at the doors and windows of the BART car and not really looking at the open newspapers in front of them.
Our BART driver announced that he lost communication with anyone outside and had no idea what happened or why we were stopped. He (gratefully) made the decision to evacuate us, since we had only 5 minutes of emergency power remaining before we would be stranded underground in the dark.
Happy to finally be escaping from the stalled BART cars, we carefully made our way out of the forced-open doors and along the narrow edge of the tracks. We climbed concrete stairs up to a catwalk running along the top edge of the BART tunnel, which had no barrier preventing a sheer slide down to the BART rail far below, if one of us fell or tripped. The stair and catwalk railings were coated with soot. As a result, my hands were covered with black grime as I inched along the narrow escape ledge, one member of a small, silent procession, guided by flashing penlights. (Fortunately, many of the passengers had small key chain flashlights and slide-talk laser pointers.)
I remember walking up the station stairs leading out of the Montgomery Street BART Station and emerging on Market Street. Seeing daylight again was incredibly comforting and such a relief. There were long lines of men and women in the black or navy suits so common in the Financial District, who were trying to make calls home at the overloaded phone kiosks. Others were standing far away from the shattered glass and rubble lining the sidewalks along the buildings, since San Franciscans are well-versed about the likelihood of aftershocks and falling debris from historic brickwork.
A young man rode a bicycle down Market Street yelling, "The Bay Bridge is down! The Bay Bridge is down!" I was angry, believing he was trying to scare people. I learned later that what he said was partially true.
One of my KQED Channel 9 co-workers had a neighbor who was killed in the UCSF van which had been caught under the collapsed Cypress structure. The commuter van had exited from the Bay Bridge heading South towards Oakland and Alameda, when the old overpass collapsed crushing the van and its occupants.
Another KQED television co-worker thought she lost her husband on the Bay Bridge when she learned a section of that bridge had collapsed. Likewise, her husband worried that he had lost her in the same bridge failure, since they were both traveling back to the East Bay from San Francisco in separate cars.
After some harrowing minutes on the shifting bridge, my co-worker was flagged by emergency workers, told to turn around, and motioned to drive back over the West span of the Bay Bridge back to SF in the Eastbound lanes, as the Bay Bridge was shut down by emergency workers. (She and her husband moved out of state within a few months of the Loma Prieta, not wanting to experience another California earthquake.) Similarly, one of our television producers was on the Golden Gate Bridge coming in from Marin, when all of the cars stopped in the middle of the bridge to wait out the shaking and rolling as the Loma Prieta hit.
The Larkspur Golden Gate ferries had to be diverted to a different pier in order to dock and load in San Francisco, since the electric ramps could not be lowered to allow passengers to board. There were planks of plywood balanced between the side of the pier and the ferry, directly over the water. Passengers hopped across the tilted planks to get on board as ferry workers grabbed their arms to steady them. Passengers threw $20 bills, entire ferry ticket booklets, and any other cash they had on hand into into large, clean garbage cans held by ferry workers. As I recall, no one was turned away and many people paid for complete strangers to ferry out of the City that night, if they had no cash with them.
We could see the Marina District fires burning in the distance when we were about midway across the Bay. The orange smoke reflected on the water created an unearthly glow and the City seemed unreal as the haze of smoke moved East and created an unnatural twilight over the familiar skyline. Many of us were relieved to see that the Golden Gate Bridge had survived, although we learned it was closed for inspection. The Ferry workers gave us updated news over their announcement system, since most on board had no access to news or radio reports. We learned that the Bay Area had just experienced a 7.1 magnitude quake from someone who had a transistor radio sitting near us in the ferry lounge area.
A Goodyear Blimp which had been covering the World Series at Candlestick Park was used to coordinate emergency efforts soon after the quake hit. Since all of the major networks were at Candlestick waiting to cover the World Series game and doing pregame commentary live, the Loma Prieta shaking and aftershocks at Candlestick were caught on camera and documented worldwide. Many broadcasters and reporters were from the East Coast or out-of-state and had never experienced seismic activity in California before.
As I and many others on the crowded ferry motored out of SF, the ferry bar did a booming business. I found some of my Marin neighbors and friends from other non-profits who also worked in the City. People bought each other wine and beer and gathered in small groups, grasping at a new sense of safety from finding those they knew on board. A ferry crew member I recognized told me that they were on the way to Larkspur earlier and thought they had dropped an anchor in the middle of the Bay as the Loma Prieta hit. To be safe, they returned the ferry loaded with passengers to SF, where they learned they could not dock. Fortunately, they devised the plywood plank system, so they were able to load new passengers on board along with the previous passengers, and transport us all out of the City to Larkspur.
There were many people from the East Bay who fled to Larkspur by ferry that night, since they had no other way to get back to Alameda County. My husband and I offered to drive one man across the Richmond Bridge back to his home, but he declined, not wanting to cross over any bridges while the aftershocks kept coming. He called his wife, got a cab, and found a hotel in Marin for the night.
I was particularly concerned about my co-workers and those in FM whom I knew would be covering the quake live. At that time KQED was a bit smaller, somewhat informal, and we enjoyed a tightly-knit community at work.
For many years employees donated Thanksgiving turkeys, money and food to Project Open Hand, and in return they would roast a few turkeys for our staff's Thanksgiving potluck. Since we had many staff members from different cultures, employees brought dishes from their heritage, and it was a really wonderful gathering every year. Managers, administrators, and production personnel all mingled during this annual event, asking about our kids, families and holiday plans.
As I drove home from the Larkspur Ferry Terminal that night, I listened to reports on KQED-FM 88.5, hearing the familiar voices of my colleagues and friends, hoping they remained safe as the aftershocks continued. At home it was reassuring to hear the Channel 9 announcers I worked with every day still making live announcements from the broadcast logs, as it meant that the station was still intact and the generators were working in our old building.
Many were off work for a few days if their buildings had been hit or power was out. Because I rode the ferry, I was able to work at KQED which had its own generator. However, I rode MUNI up and down Market Street for the rest of my career, no longer willing to get back on BART or to travel underground again.
Bill Graham hosted a series of Earthquake Relief concerts at various venues around the Bay Area. Graham flew Bob Hope to each concert site by helicopter, so he could welcome the large crowds who turned out to raise money and enjoy major name acts like Carlos Santana, Neil Young. Bonnie Raitt, Crosby, Stills and Nash, Pete Escovedo, Bobby McFerrin, Taj Mahal, and Los Lobos.
When one of our KQED staff members asked the then 86-year-old Hope if he was ever planning to visit the troops again, Hope replied, "Son, the only battles I visit at my age are those on the golf course." He joked that he was a survivor of the 1971, 6.6 magnitude San Fernando Valley Earthquake, where he "got up and ran around the house and then the house got up and ran around me."
Earthquake Relief and Bill Graham raised over $2 Million dollars from 22,300 people who attended concerts in Watsonville, Oakland, and San Francisco, as well as donors to the live telethon broadcast on KQED Channel 9. Mayor Willie Brown offered viewers a matching grant of $50,000 from his re-election campaign. The entertainers and their generosity were a catalyst in healing the Bay Area, Santa Cruz, and Watsonville. It was the first time in 35 years that KQED was given a waiver by the FCC to raise money for an entity other than itself, so it could broadcast the Earthquake Relief fundraiser live from 8th and Bryant.
Back in Santa Clara Valley, St. Joseph's Seminary lost one resident when an historic tower collapsed.
Around the Bay Area and down the coast to Watsonville, many residents lived and slept outside their homes during the 51 aftershocks which followed over the next 24 hours. Some of the aftershocks were real jolts at 3.0 magnitude.
Residents had no idea how long aftershocks might continue or how powerful the jolts might be. Every aftershock could further weaken already compromised structures.
The Loma Prieta epicenter was located in the Forest of Nicene Marks, 2 miles North of Aptos. It had a devastating impact on San Francisco's Marina District, since much of the Northern part of the City had been built on landfill over marshy areas that were once part of San Francisco Bay and subject to soil liquifaction.
Santa Cruz and Watsonville also suffered major downtown damage. The historic brick buildings at the Pacific Garden Mall, a popular gathering area in downtown Santa Cruz, partially collapsed, causing three deaths.
A Watsonville man died when his car hit horses escaping from a damaged enclosure.
Other businesses were closed for for clean up and repairs. The quake had a huge impact on the Peninsula and coastal economy, which had been in recovery after a 1980 recession, an oil and energy crisis and double-digit inflation.
In October of 2014 it will have been 25 years since the Loma Prieta Earthquake hit, since the World Series between the A's and the Giants took place at Candlestick, and a very long time since the Earthquake Relief Concerts brought the Peninsula and coastal communities together to rebuild and offer comfort to those who lost family, friends, homes and businesses. In light of all of that, two important questions still remain:
How safe are Bay Area bridges? Are we willing to invest in structural safety?
Unfortunately, reports about continuing funding shortages for needed bridge and infrastructure repairs, plus ongoing discovery of serious Bay Area bridge safety issues, are becoming more urgent and frequent:
ABC 7 Bay Area Report in May 2013
KTVU 2 Bay Area Report in May 2013
NBC 11 Bay Area Report in March 2011
Since 1989, voters missed some opportunities to adopt measures designed to retrofit our Bay Area bridges, voting some measures down during elections due to increased tax costs to homeowners.
Many of our roads and overpasses need seismic and structural updating, however, there is even less funding now than there was back in 1989, due to the mortgage banking products collapse of 2008, which decimated cities and counties.
Could it be time for a preemptive strike in the form of a second Bay Area Earthquake Relief concert, but this time held long before the next Big One hits for needed infrastructure and safety upgrades and repairs?
Sadly, Bill Graham and Bob Hope are no longer with us. KQED remains robust and committed, still able to apply for another FCC waiver in the event of a second Bay Area catastrophe. KQED is geared for telethons using their large Mary Bole Hatch production studio, existing phone banks, and talented, experienced staff who already work with the public (and international and local talent) while organizing large, charitable-giving events.
However, we now also have the social media stars of Silicon Valley (Facebook, Google, Apple, and others) who have the capability to develop and fund Bay Area 'Virtual Relief" events immediately, long before (or soon after) the next "Big One" hits.
The generosity of Bill Graham and the stars of Earthquake Relief in 1989 live on in the high tech boardrooms of Silicon Valley, where many do not remember 1989 and it's devastation of this region, yet know the impact of recent natural tragedies in Oklahoma and on the East Coast, as well as overseas in Japan, Haiti, and in other world regions.
Could we do it differently this time? Raise the needed funds now to improve infrastructure repairs and seismic retrofits for the safety of our communities, schools, and businesses, and as a result, save more Bay Area lives?
You may say I'm a dreamer, but I'm not the only one.
According to a report by Stanford's Center on Philanthropy and Civic Society, philanthropic giving in Silicon Valley has a "weak philanthropic base" in terms of giving to local communities. Many of the donated funds from valley high tech firms, the Stanford PAC reports, are earmarked for overseas charitable work, not for infrastructure and social programs needed here in Silicon Valley or in the Bay Area.
Stanford's position is refuted by the Wall Street Journal article, "The Tech Moguls That Gave Big in 2012." WSJ reported that SV "moguls" donated stock to local charitable groups in greater amounts than in previous years.
The Foundation Center proposed that high tech donors really feared that a federal charitable deduction benefit would be lost in 2013, which artificially escalated the amount of high tech charitable giving in the Valley towards the end of 2012.
A Forbes article, "How Silicon Valley Profits from Giving Back," talks about our local philanthropy as a result of sharing abundance, rather than seeking future returns. Forbes implies that Silicon Valley donors are more engaged in sharing their success to empower others. Clearly, Silicon Valley is a source of conjecture as a new model of wealth, with a unique, global approach to charitable giving and philanthropy.
Personally, I believe our high tech community is populated with generous people who believe in lifting others up and expanding local safety, since obviously, they live here too.
Hopefully, our amazing Silicon Valley philanthropists will continue to dig deep for our communities, yet stay off our local bridges, roads and overpasses, until they can successfully lobby our local transportation agencies to have these structures repaired. A major social media and funding campaign to raise awareness and capital, so repairs can be made sooner, rather than later, would be awesome.
Like us, their families, friends and co-workers may be injured or trapped in structures now known to be compromised.
Is infrastructure the job of Silicon Valley? No, not really. However, Katrina, Hurricane Sandy, and many of the other natural disasters had Silicon Valley responding with generosity and compassion.
Perhaps we are in denial about our own elephant in the living room, which is the sad state of our historic and public buildings, schools, bridges, roads, and overpasses, in light of the 63% statistical certainty that the next big earthquake may take place within the next 30 years here in the Bay Area (according to the USGS).
Perhaps we need to stop throwing peanuts at that elephant and lift the seemingly rampant denial about our lack of safety while traveling throughout Silicon Valley and the Bay Area, by doing something meaningful about it now, to significantly lower the number of potential deaths and injuries during the next seismic event.
(Photos courtesy of Wikipedia Commons, KQED, SF GATE, ABAG, Forbes, and the USGS Loma Prieta page.) Many thanks to the Silicon Valley Foundation and other groups who help connect Silicon Valley leaders with those in need from our communities.
---Catherine Denise Alexander, Silicon Valley Librarian
Posted by The Silicon Valley Librarian at 8:57 PM
Labels: 1989 World Series, Bill Graham, Bob Hope, C. D. Alexander, Earthquake Relief, Golden Gate Ferry, KQED, Loma Prieta Earthquake, San Francisco, Silicon Valley Foundation, USGS
Cure for the Shakes: The 1915 Panama-Pacific International Exposition
(1915 PPIE Map courtesy of the Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco)
Santa Clara and Alameda Counties shared an exposition hall at the 1915 PPIE held in San Francisco, near what is now the Marina District. Sadly, an image or more information about the hall and its contents are very hard to locate, but the hall is mentioned in catalogs from the fair, although not in great detail. Television producer, Lee Mendelson, created a lovely video, The Innocent Fair, from 1915 Nitrate films he found in a Tiburon antique store.
In honor of the coming 100th anniversary of the PPIE, I have added some information about the PPIE of 1915 on a new resource Page on this site, since the exposition, it's planning, and it's world-wide advertising from the time the City won the fair location bid in 1911, brought an influx of new visitors and residents to Santa Clara Valley after the devastation of the 1906 Earthquake, which had discouraged investments, building and tourism in this region.
The PPIE celebrated the completion of the Panama Canal and new routes to join the East and West, without the long trip around South America.
The PPIE also demonstrated a new transcontinental telephone line when Alexander Graham Bell made the first bi-coastal telephone call from an exposition hall.
A lighted and sparkling "Tower of Jewels" enthralled exposition visitors and could be seen for miles from the waterfront and on the north end of the City. The "Novagems" from that tower are now a highly sought-after collectors item.
The true value of the PPIE of 1915 to our valley and to the City was demonstrating to the world that we had healed from the fires and devastation of 1906. The PPIE declared that we were once again a safe location for world tourism and investments.
Please see my new PPIE of 1915 resource Page to the right for more information and resources on this remarkable event.
(Small photos courtesy of Wikipedia Commons. Alexander Graham Bell photo courtesy of ATT.)
Labels: 1915, Alexander Graham Bell, C. D. Alexander, Ft. Mason, Liberty Bell, Panama-Pacific International Exposition, PPIE, San Francisco, Santa Clara County
BART, KQED, Bridges and Baseball - Quaking in 1989...
Cure for the Shakes: The 1915 Panama-Pacific Inter...


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text:
Button battery burns toddler's esophagus after he accidentally swallowed it, report says
(AsiaWire)
CHINA - A 1-year-old in China suffered painful burns after he ingested a remote control battery that then got stuck in his throat. According to AsiaWire, the boy's relatives saw the accident happen and attempted to make him vomit it back up.
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However, the relatives mistakenly believed he had vomited the battery when they spotted a second one on the floor, and let a full 24 hours pass before he was taken to the hospital for vomiting.
The boy's doctor, Chen Cheng, at Foshan Shunde Women and Children Health Care Hospital, ordered a series of scans that revealed the battery remain lodged in his throat. The doctor then performed a gastroscopy to pull it out.
Cheng told AsiaWire that his young patient will be kept under observation for the next three months to ensure his esophagus heals correctly after the extensive damage done.
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"He will only be able to eat normally once his esophagus has fully healed," he told the news outlet, adding that the boy is expected to receive his nutrients through a feeding tube for the next several months.
In the U.S., it is estimated that more than 2,500 button batteries are ingested each year, accounting for one accident every three hours, according to HealthyChildren.org. Parents are advised to keep battery compartments in household devices taped shut and loose batteries stored out of reach of children.
MORE NEWS: Download the FOX 35 News app for the latest news, trending stories, and more
Higher voltage batteries pose an even greater risk for how quickly they can cause significant damage. According to HealthyChildren.org, severe tissue burns that can be life-threatening can occur in as little as two hours.
GET UPDATES ON THIS STORY FROM FOXNEWS.COM.


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