text:
//
// Here is how to define your module
// has dependent on mobile-angular-ui
//
var app = angular.module('MobileAngularUiExamples', [
  'ngRoute',
  'mobile-angular-ui',

  // touch/drag feature: this is from 'mobile-angular-ui.gestures.js'
  // it is at a very beginning stage, so please be careful if you like to use
  // in production. This is intended to provide a flexible, integrated and and
  // easy to use alternative to other 3rd party libs like hammer.js, with the
  // final pourpose to integrate gestures into default ui interactions like
  // opening sidebars, turning switches on/off ..
  'mobile-angular-ui.gestures'
]);

//
// You can configure ngRoute as always, but to take advantage of SharedState location
// feature (i.e. close sidebar on backbutton) you should setup 'reloadOnSearch: false'
// in order to avoid unwanted routing.
//
app.config(function ($routeProvider) {
    /*
    $routeProvider.when('/', {
        templateUrl: 'home.html',
        reloadOnSearch: false
    });
    */
    $routeProvider.when('/', {
        templateUrl: 'home.html',
        reloadOnSearch: false
    }).when('/home/:page', {
        templateUrl: 'home.html',
        controller: 'routeController'
    });
    $routeProvider.when('/webapplication', {
        templateUrl: 'webapplication.html',
        reloadOnSearch: false
    });
    $routeProvider.when('/ASP', {
        templateUrl: 'ASP.html',
        reloadOnSearch: false
    });
    $routeProvider.when('/PHP', {
        templateUrl: 'PHP.html',
        reloadOnSearch: false
    });
    $routeProvider.when('/CSharp', {
        templateUrl: 'CSharp.html',
        reloadOnSearch: false
    });
    $routeProvider.when('/CPlus', {
        templateUrl: 'CPlus.html',
        reloadOnSearch: false
    });
    $routeProvider.when('/LinuxC', {
        templateUrl: 'LinuxC.html',
        reloadOnSearch: false
    });
    $routeProvider.when('/Database', {
        templateUrl: 'Database.html',
        reloadOnSearch: false
    });
    $routeProvider.when('/COM', {
        templateUrl: 'COM.html',
        reloadOnSearch: false
    });
    $routeProvider.when('/conestoga', {
        templateUrl: 'conestoga.html',
        reloadOnSearch: false
    });
    $routeProvider.when('/AOSmith', {
        templateUrl: 'AOSmith.html',
        reloadOnSearch: false
    });
    $routeProvider.when('/reference', {
        templateUrl: 'reference.html',
        reloadOnSearch: false
    });
});

//
// `$drag` example: drag to dismiss
//
app.directive('dragToDismiss', function ($drag, $parse, $timeout) {
    return {
        restrict: 'A',
        compile: function (elem, attrs) {
            var dismissFn = $parse(attrs.dragToDismiss);
            return function (scope, elem, attrs) {
                var dismiss = false;

                $drag.bind(elem, {
                    constraint: {
                        minX: 0,
                        minY: 0,
                        maxY: 0
                    },
                    move: function (c) {
                        if (c.left >= c.width / 4) {
                            dismiss = true;
                            elem.addClass('dismiss');
                        } else {
                            dismiss = false;
                            elem.removeClass('dismiss');
                        }
                    },
                    cancel: function () {
                        elem.removeClass('dismiss');
                    },
                    end: function (c, undo, reset) {
                        if (dismiss) {
                            elem.addClass('dismitted');
                            $timeout(function () {
                                scope.$apply(function () {
                                    dismissFn(scope);
                                });
                            }, 400);
                        } else {
                            reset();
                        }
                    }
                });
            };
        }
    };
});

//
// Another `$drag` usage example: this is how you could create
// a touch enabled "deck of cards" carousel. See `carousel.html` for markup.
//
app.directive('carousel', function () {
    return {
        restrict: 'C',
        scope: {},
        controller: function ($scope) {
            this.itemCount = 0;
            this.activeItem = null;

            this.addItem = function () {
                var newId = this.itemCount++;
                this.activeItem = this.itemCount == 1 ? newId : this.activeItem;
                return newId;
            };

            this.next = function () {
                this.activeItem = this.activeItem || 0;
                this.activeItem = this.activeItem == this.itemCount - 1 ? 0 : this.activeItem + 1;
            };

            this.prev = function () {
                this.activeItem = this.activeItem || 0;
                this.activeItem = this.activeItem === 0 ? this.itemCount - 1 : this.activeItem - 1;
            };
        }
    };
});

app.directive('carouselItem', function ($drag) {
    return {
        restrict: 'C',
        require: '^carousel',
        scope: {},
        transclude: true,
        template: '

',
        link: function (scope, elem, attrs, carousel) {
            scope.carousel = carousel;
            var id = carousel.addItem();

            var zIndex = function () {
                var res = 0;
                if (id == carousel.activeItem) {
                    res = 2000;
                } else if (carousel.activeItem < id) {
                    res = 2000 - (id - carousel.activeItem);
                } else {
                    res = 2000 - (carousel.itemCount - 1 - carousel.activeItem + id);
                }
                return res;
            };

            scope.$watch(function () {
                return carousel.activeItem;
            }, function (n, o) {
                elem[0].style['z-index'] = zIndex();
            });

            $drag.bind(elem, {
                constraint: {
                    minY: 0,
                    maxY: 0
                },
                adaptTransform: function (t, dx, dy, x, y, x0, y0) {
                    var maxAngle = 15;
                    var velocity = 0.02;
                    var r = t.getRotation();
                    var newRot = r + Math.round(dx * velocity);
                    newRot = Math.min(newRot, maxAngle);
                    newRot = Math.max(newRot, -maxAngle);
                    t.rotate(-r);
                    t.rotate(newRot);
                },
                move: function (c) {
                    if (c.left >= c.width / 4 || c.left <= -(c.width / 4)) {
                        elem.addClass('dismiss');
                    } else {
                        elem.removeClass('dismiss');
                    }
                },
                cancel: function () {
                    elem.removeClass('dismiss');
                },
                end: function (c, undo, reset) {
                    elem.removeClass('dismiss');
                    if (c.left >= c.width / 4) {
                        scope.$apply(function () {
                            carousel.next();
                        });
                    } else if (c.left <= -(c.width / 4)) {
                        scope.$apply(function () {
                            carousel.next();
                        });
                    }
                    reset();
                }
            });
        }
    };
});

app.controller('routeController', function ($scope, $routeParams) {
    $scope.scrollTo = function (selector) {
        if (1) {
            console.log(jQuery('#' + selector).position().top);
            jQuery('html, body').animate({
                scrollTop: jQuery('#' + selector).position().top
            });
        };
    }
    if (typeof $routeParams.page !== 'undefined' && $routeParams.page.length > 0) {
        $scope.scrollTo($routeParams.page);
    }
});
//
// For this trivial demo we have just a unique MainController
// for everything
//
app.controller('MainController', function ($rootScope, $scope) {

    // User agent displayed in home page
    $scope.userAgent = navigator.userAgent;

    $scope.scrollTo = function (selector) {
        window.scrollTo(0, $(selector)[0].offsetTop - 100);
    }

    // Needed for the loading screen
    $rootScope.$on('$routeChangeStart', function () {
        $rootScope.loading = true;
    });

    $rootScope.$on('$routeChangeSuccess', function () {
        $rootScope.loading = false;
    });

    // Fake text i used here and there.
    //  $scope.lorem = 'Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit. Vel explicabo, aliquid eaque soluta nihil eligendi adipisci error, //illum corrupti nam fuga omnis quod quaerat mollitia expedita impedit dolores ipsam. Obcaecati.';
    $scope.lorem = 'http://bwang5083.github.io/JavascriptMidterm';
    $scope.lorem1 = 'http://bwang5083.github.io/JavascriptFinalterm';

    //
    // 'Scroll' screen
    //
    var scrollItems = [];

    for (var i = 1; i <= 100; i++) {
        scrollItems.push('Item ' + i);
    }

    $scope.scrollItems = scrollItems;

    $scope.bottomReached = function () {
        //alert('Congrats you scrolled to the end of the list!');

    }

    //
    // Right Sidebar
    //
    $scope.chatUsers = [
        {
            name: 'Carlos  Flowers',
            online: true
        },
        {
            name: 'Byron Taylor',
            online: true
        },
        {
            name: 'Jana  Terry',
            online: true
        },
        {
            name: 'Darryl  Stone',
            online: true
        },
        {
            name: 'Fannie  Carlson',
            online: true
        },
        {
            name: 'Holly Nguyen',
            online: true
        },
        {
            name: 'Bill  Chavez',
            online: true
        },
        {
            name: 'Veronica  Maxwell',
            online: true
        },
        {
            name: 'Jessica Webster',
            online: true
        },
        {
            name: 'Jackie  Barton',
            online: true
        },
        {
            name: 'Crystal Drake',
            online: false
        },
        {
            name: 'Milton  Dean',
            online: false
        },
        {
            name: 'Joann Johnston',
            online: false
        },
        {
            name: 'Cora  Vaughn',
            online: false
        },
        {
            name: 'Nina  Briggs',
            online: false
        },
        {
            name: 'Casey Turner',
            online: false
        },
        {
            name: 'Jimmie  Wilson',
            online: false
        },
        {
            name: 'Nathaniel Steele',
            online: false
        },
        {
            name: 'Aubrey  Cole',
            online: false
        },
        {
            name: 'Donnie  Summers',
            online: false
        },
        {
            name: 'Kate  Myers',
            online: false
        },
        {
            name: 'Priscilla Hawkins',
            online: false
        },
        {
            name: 'Joe Barker',
            online: false
        },
        {
            name: 'Lee Norman',
            online: false
        },
        {
            name: 'Ebony Rice',
            online: false
        }
  ];

    //
    // 'Forms' screen
    //
    $scope.rememberMe = true;
    $scope.email = 'me@example.com';

    $scope.login = function () {
        alert('You submitted the login form');
    };

    //
    // 'Drag' screen
    //
    $scope.notices = [];

    for (var j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
        $scope.notices.push({
            icon: 'envelope',
            message: 'Notice ' + (j + 1)
        });
    }

    $scope.deleteNotice = function (notice) {
        var index = $scope.notices.indexOf(notice);
        if (index > -1) {
            $scope.notices.splice(index, 1);
        }
    };
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


AndroidL created a time bomb that probably banned thousands of CS:GO hackers.
Cheating in CS:GO is its own small sub-industry, a hard-to-kill parasite riding on the skin one of the PC's most popular games. Some ne'er-do-wells get off avoiding the notice of the VAC system for as long as possible. Others leverage cheating as a profitable enterprise, offering premium programs and services. Some professionals have even used cheats during competition (with disastrous, career-ending consequences). For Valve, combating the risk of hacking is an endless war. Just last week, Valve's elimination of a popular Team Fortress 2 cheat nabbed nearly 170 pro TF2 players. And last year, it dealt over 1 million bans to suspected accounts; with ownership counts likely exceeding 20 million, CS:GO likely represents a significant chunk of that figure.
Earlier this year, CS:GO player AndroidL was inspired to take matters into his own hands. In late January, AndroidL created and dispersed a pair of free hack programs on a popular cheat forum. Unbeknownst to their downloaders, the programs were time bombs. They'd function normally for a set period of time before permanently skewing the user's view angle to an abnormal tilt and enabling a constant bunnyhop script—huge, obvious red flags that would immediately trigger a VAC ban. Although clever, the first few hack releases earned modest attention—roughly 1,000 downloads apiece, according to AndroidL's Reddit post.
AndroidL used this chart taken from vac-ban.com to illustrate the impact of each hack's release.
AndroidL's hack took a more direct approach. It dispensed with timers and prompted a ban the moment a user would load the hack and enter a match by continuously topping off health, ammo, and armor values. Yet despite the almost instant effect, it achieved greater success, accumulating over 3,500 downloads.
Once the hack's usability was confirmed, AndroidL uploaded it onto the cheat forum through a VPN to stay anonymous. The forum account "was only days old with no reputation," which would typically undermine the legitimacy of the hack. But to promote the hack, AndroidL went for a straightforward solution: "I had a few of my friends post messages such as 'great, the hack worked!' and so on until the comments overflowed onto a second page. Most hackers don't check the second page of posts; they'll only read the first few comments and then download the hack." As publicly released programs tend to last only a few days before detection by VAC, dummy nods of approval was enough to push the scheme in front of as many eyes as possible while it lasted.
Members of the CS:GO community could already participate in culling the cheater population through Valve's Overwatch initiative for a few years now, but AndroidL's accomplishments demonstrate how one can more surgically hamper hackers with only modest extra effort. The victory could very well be temporary at best—devoted cheaters can simply create a fresh Steam account and spend the $15/£11 on another CS:GO copy—but from AndroidL's perspective, the self-demise of those who sought an ostensibly easy access to a hack was worth it.
The skewed view that a hacker would eventually see with AndroidL's hack.
"I think Overwatch is a very good idea," AndroidL wrote. "It's another filter cheaters have to go through, but the only reason Overwatch exists is because VAC lacks the capabilities to detect all cheaters. Although I believe VAC is a good safeguard against cheaters, I don't believe it is a strong enough safeguard. There is little to no effort involved for a hack developer to bypass VAC—it is a decent system to keep away the masses of people using public cheats, but other than that VAC is essentially futile.


These mouth-watering and delightful mathri biscuits are combination of exotic Indian spices and butter.Serve them with mango, chilli or lemon pickle along with tea. Needless to say , you just cannot have one !!
Delivery to other cities may take 3 to 5 days.


Tooth Jewellery is done by youngsters for fun. Here the tooth is not ground down but the glass crystal which looks like a diamond is just bonded on to the tooth. It can be removed at any time without harming the surface of enamel.


Don't let your Twitter activity fall flat – if you aren't posting then you OBVIOUSLY aren't going to get the most engagement. Try and aim for 2-5 tweets per day and don't do them all at once – try posting steadily throughout the day. Scheduling tools such as Hootsuite will help you do this if you find yourself forgetting to tweet – try not to rely on this too heavily or you'll miss out on trending topics and live conversations that can really help you boost engagement.
With 2-5 tweets in mind just remember – that's purely a guideline. Don't be throwing pointless tweets out just to fill your quota! Everything you post is an extension of your recruiter brand so you need to make sure your online persona represents this in the best possible way.
If you recruit for Digital Design roles in Manchester then there isn't much point posting about changes in the healthcare sector or events happening in London at the weekend. Know your audience! It will strengthen your brand if you post and share content that's relevant to your sector, plus you build your following around the same demographic so you are more likely to get engagement this way. It's good to focus on a niche subject as well – for example there are hundreds of different Development languages, but if you specialise in Java and focus on sharing content on this specific language then you are more likely to be perceived as an expert in this subject.
Some of the most engaging tweets are ones that do nothing other than make you laugh so don't take yourself too seriously. Look at @IcelandFoods – their 'Unexpected result in the bagging area' tweet after England's shocking defeat to Iceland has racked up over 30K retweets so far and 25 likes – considering a tweet earlier that day promoting their ice lollies only racked up 9 Retweets and 38 likes it just shows how powerful a little joke can be! Plus people aren't going to follow someone who just posts job after job.
Twitter research has shown that tweets with photos get 313% more engagement. That's 313 more reasons why you should add images and GIF's to your tweets!
Hashtags receive on average a 16% boost in engagement than tweets that don't include them – plus if you hashtag relevant keywords (e.g. location, job title, content type etc.) then it makes your content more searchable to those people that may not be following you yet! Don't go hashtag overkill though – #you #don't #need #them #on #every #word.
Worried you can't think of 5 engaging, funny, relevant to your industry tweets to post each day? Fear not! You don't have to be a thought leader – you can be a though follower and share content that will interest your audience! Build yourself a 'content bible' with sources to find interesting blogs and articles to share to your followers. E.g. if you recruit for fashion marketing roles you may look to sources such as Drapers, Fashion Monitor and Vogue to find the types of content that your followers will engage with. Plus sharing topical, interesting stories relevant to your recruitment niche only helps reinforce your image as an expert!
Don't just use Twitter to post your own content – join in with others! You may find there is a 'Tweet Up' at a scheduled time on a subject such as 'Employer Branding' that you can take part in – live tweeting means there is an audience listening and reacting as your tweeting, plus the organiser is likely to retweet your comments to a larger audience!
Part of your role as a 'social sourcer' is to find the right accounts to follow based on your target demographic. You will speak to clients and candidates every day so why not follow them as you go! Tools such as Followerwonk and Twiangulate are also really useful to find people that could be relevant as well. Don't just follow and sit quietly – spend a bit of time on your news feed each day and engage / reply to other tweets! People are more likely to RT your content if you've done the same for them in the past!
Don't just post and run away – make an effort to view and record your analytics so you can see what's working, and what's not. This is a great way to set yourself engagement targets for the next month too (you could even make it a competition with other recruiters in your team). Simply log into your twitter account, click the profile icon in the top right corner then hit Analytics – You'll get a 28 day summary showing your number of tweets, number of impressions, number of profile visits, number of mentions and number of new followers plus a snapshot of your top tweets, top media tweets and top follower.


Aimed at identifying and developing key individuals to manage the operations at a major recovery incident.
Candidates attending this course will already have in depth experience in the recovery industry, can assess, plan, lead and coordinate the recovery work at an incident in an efficient, professional and organised manner.
Certification for this module will be gained after rigorous assessment of the candidate's abilities, their knowledge and previous experience in all types of recovery situations. Includes multiple choice paper examinations, practical role playing workshops and assessment of the candidate's experience throughout.


Getting Started …. Normally, after attending with you and you retain our firm, we will write to your spouse or your spouse's lawyer, stating that you would like to negotiate an amicable separation agreement. It is necessary to exchange financial information between you and your spouse to ensure that both parties and the lawyers are aware of the other's finances. A separation agreement would then be negotiated.
Separation Agreement …. A separation agreement is a contract between the spouses that sets out each party's rights with regard to custody of and access to the children, division of property, child and spousal support. This agreement will be relied on for years and is an important document, so it is important that it be properly drafted.
Court proceeding …. If you and your spouse are able to agree on a separation agreement, then there is no need to go to court. You only need to go to court if there are issues that cannot be resolved any other way.
Starting Court proceedings … . To start a divorce you prepare and issue an Application with the court. The Application is then served on your spouse. The Application sets forth, in general terms, your position on issues such as child custody, access, child support and spousal support, and equalization of assets.
If financial issues are in dispute, you must also prepare, file and serve a Financial Statement on your spouse. The Financial Statement outlines your income and expenses, assets and liabilities.
With the help of our office, you will gather the information necessary to include in these legal documents. We will prepare these documents for you and ensure that you make all the claims to which you are entitled. We arrange to have the documents filed with the court and served on your spouse.
An Application was served on me…. You must act quickly! You have only 30 days in which to act. During this time, you must prepare an "Answer," serve the Answer on your spouse and file the Answer with the court. An Answer is a document responding to the claims in the Application, and making claims of your own. As well, if financial issues are in dispute, you must also prepare, serve and file a Financial Statement.
The amount of information required in these legal documents can be time consuming to put together, so do not procrastinate. If you do not respond in time, a judgment may be entered against you. Once that has happened, you may find that you no longer can spend time with your children or that support payments are garnished from your pay cheque. Once this has happened, it will be very expensive and difficult to change the situation. We will prepare your response to make sure that your rights are protected.


text:
Home/Featured/Former Veep,Aliu Mahama's final journey home
FeaturedHot Issues
Former Veep,Aliu Mahama's final journey home
kessben Send an email November 18, 2012
Preparations are underway to convey the body of the late former Vice-President of Ghana, Alhaji Aliu Mahama to his birth place of Tamale in the Northern Region for burial.
His family resisted initial plans to bury him in Accra at the newly christened Asomdwee Park where President John Atta Mills who died in July this year was buried.
Television pictures showed a simple grave dug in accordance with Islamic traditions.
The body was laid at the State House for filing past by selected dignitaries.
Prayers were held for him at the Black Star Square before the mortal remains will be flown to Tamale.
His son Farouk Mahama, accompanied by his siblings, delivered a tribute saying: "Our late father was a special father…he insisted we do the right thing…"
"Alhaji Aliu Mahama, may the almighty Allah give you eternal rest…"
Flagbearer of the New Patriotic Party (NPP), Nana Addo Dankwa Akuffo-Addo delivered a tribute on behalf of the party, saying: the NPP has lost a hardworking activist.
"I had my last conversation with him last 2weeks in Tamale", he recalled and stated that the former veep can only rest in peace if full peace and reconciliation in Dagbon is achieved.
"Ghana has lost a patriot and a dignified national, Dagbon has lost its illustrious son. May the almighty Allah grant him eternal rest."
Former President John Agyekum Kufuor in his tribute said Aliu Mahama "was not only my Vice President but my brother…We grew closer together and our families became close".
My family share deeply in the pain his demise has caused, he was the best veep any president will want to have, Mr Kufuor said and noted that throughout his eight-year rule, he and the late veep had no notable disagreements.
Mr Kufuor said Aliu Mahama always carried himself very well as veep even though he was a self-made man before becoming a vice president.
Aliu's kind and cool nature endeared him to me, the former President said, he was hard working, diligent and contributed immensely to my government.
He was above all a good human being; the NPP has lost a stalwart, Ghana has lost a patriot.
May his soul rest in perfect peace, Mr Kufuor prayed.
Aliu, my brother and friend, damirifa due, da yie and thank you.
Recalling the death of late President John Evans Atta Mills in July, President John Mahama said Alhaji Aliu Mahama's death has again brought a sense of togetherness among Ghanaians.
He also spoke of the endearing qualities of the late former veep and prayed that Allah grants him peaceful and eternal rest.
Chief Imam of the Ghana Armed forces, Sheik Aremeyaw gave the sermon saying death is not necessarily an evil thing. He asked Allah to forgive the late former veep his past sins and also urged Ghanaians to do away with contentions and bitterness.
National Chief Imam, Sheik Nuhu Sharabutu led final prayers, standing with other Muslims behind the casket.
The funeral ceremony ended with the National Anthem after which the body of the late veep was lifted onto a gun-carriage for a procession along with a 19-gun salute.
Myjoyonline.com
NPP finalizes arrangements for candlelight vigil for late Aliu Mahama
ICGC, Christian Council demand withdrawal of 'Otabil's political adverts'
Mama Love Foundation Feeds Over 1000 People In Obuasi To Mark Christmas
Man 'faints' after seeing his wife that died 2 years ago with another man alive
Black Nigerian couple Ben and Angela living in the U.K. give birth to a white, blonde, blue-eyed baby
Mother-in-law gets pregnant for son-in-law months after moving in to take care of daughter who just gave birth

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Durban Poison isn't the only commercially-cultivated strain originating in Africa; Sinai, a landrace from Egypt, has its roots in the country's northeastern Sinai Peninsula. Sinai has phenotypes that express both indica and sativa qualities. The strain has a pungent and uniquely herbal aroma, as well as long-lasting effects. Sinai's THC content has been measured at between 14% and 22%.
Available visual samples of Sinai suggest that the flowers have a small to medium size and a tapered, pinecone-like shape. Their dense internal structure leans toward the indica end of the spectrum. The strain's small and stubby leaves, which curl tightly inward toward their central stems, are a very bright shade of lime green and provide a contrasting background for vivid orange pistils. Finally, cloudy white trichomes coat these nuggets, making them very sticky to the touch.
Sinai's cured flowers have a herbal aroma with distinct notes of mint. A closer inspection might pick up on some underlying skunkiness as well. Meanwhile, breaking open or grinding up these buds may release a hashy, peppery odor that can tickle the palate and sinuses. When combusted in a pipe or a joint, Sinai burns with an acrid, sour smoke that's liable to cause a coughing fit or watery eyes. On the exhale, this smoke tastes herbal with some pungent traces of skunk.
Sinai's sativa phenotype can strike the user quickly, bringing a crash of euphoria alongside head-focused effects like flushing in the cheeks or an increase in salivation. These sensations may be followed up by a discernible uptick in cerebral thinking; consumers may find their thoughts moving more quickly or taking on a new intensity. This activated, plugged-in thinking can enable extended work on complicated tasks; it may also inspire creative personal projects or help to kick off brainstorming sessions. When shared in social situations, this buzzy vibe can spill over into camaraderie and free-flowing conversation, even among relative strangers. Because of its mostly upbeat energy, Sinai's sativa expression is best enjoyed during the daytime (or even morning).
Sinai's indica phenotype, on the other hand, comes with more downbeat properties. It may be several minutes before users pick up on the strain's stoney high, characterized by a heaviness in the limbs and eyelids and a concerted pressure around the temples and cheekbones. This variety may have some cerebral effects, but is more often characterized by a psychedelic quality of sensory distortion; phenomena like mild visual and auditory hallucinations and a creepy sense of time dilation are commonly reported. More sedative than energizing, Sinai's indica-leaning pheno is tailor-made for stretching out in comfortable surroundings and enjoying relaxing activities like binge-watching or reading. This version of the strain is recommended for evening or nighttime consumption.
Sinai's wide-ranging effects can also benefit medical cannabis patients. The feeling of focus that comes with its sativa version can enable long-term concentration for those with attention deficit disorders. The strain's indica variations, meanwhile, can soothe psychological afflictions like stress, depression, and anxiety, as well as physical aches and pains, whether due to minor inflammation or to major, chronic diseases. In high enough quantities, the indica phenotype may even counteract stubborn cases of insomnia. Because it comes with an elevated risk or paranoia or obsessive thinking, this strain's sativa cultivar is not recommended for patients who are prone to panic or who are inexperienced with THC.
Seeds of this potent landrace strain have not yet been cultivated for commercial distribution. Those looking to grow it at home should somehow obtain clippings of mature, healthy plants from a reputable source. Known as "clones," these clippings can be fostered indoors or out, although success outdoors calls for a semi-humid climate with daytime temperatures between 70 and 80 degrees Fahrenheit; that said, both indica and sativa phenotypes of the strain may be hardier than your average cannabis crop thanks to generations of wild landrace growth, and may be resistant to adverse outdoor conditions like temperature variations. Plants may range anywhere from two to six feet in height and indoor growers may need to contain the height of their crops with occasional pruning. Sinai flowers within a lengthy 10 to 12 weeks.
Although somewhat difficult to come by, Sinai is worth trying whenever spotted for its worldly provenance. Its high resin output also makes Sinai a valuable strain for the production of hash and other THC concentrates.


With its chromed finish and vibrant colours the Space quad from Cherlead is sure to attract attention. To aid with navigation and to add to the futuristic looks there are high power LEDs fitted to the front of the model.
The outer frame is made from a tough but flexible plastic so that if you do have a bump or get too close to a wall the blades are protected and any damage is kept to a minimum.
Fitted to the underside is a micro video camera that is also capable of taking high resolution still images, all controllable from the supplied 2.4GHz radio system. Flying the Space is a dream and with its 3 different flight modes it is suitable for everyone from the beginner to the seasoned astronaut.


Looking for the best jeans for winter? Well, maybe you have seen our post that we did about the best jeans for everything where we played football with them. And they were from Mugsy Jeans.
But one thing we didn't talk about is winter. Are these jeans good for winter? We never wrote about it as while we did venture from pretty much everywhere in Europe with these to even the likes of Thailand and South Korea, we didn't take them to any places with snow or cold temperatures as we were reviewing them for their "breathability" which is one of the key features of these. But is it an enemy during the winter?
Well, we took them to Montreal in Canada recently, both the Studio Blues we already love as well as some of the fall versions which are called Fultons and Beans with the Beans being grey and Fultons being similar to Studio Blues which are the dark denim in the picture of me kicking the ball. Oh, and guess what the temperature was? –14°C or 6.8°F. So yeah, if you are looking for the best jeans for winter and are wondering if the Mugsy Jeans are still the best jeans for everything even in winter where some of the benefits might seem like negatives, look no further. This is the Mugsy Jeans review that will sort that out!
And if you never heard of Mugsy Jeans, we will talk about what you don't know too!
Mugsy Jeans Are Jeans That Can Be Used as Pajamas, Work Clothing, Going out Clothing, or Exercise Clothing!
When I say all of these, I mean that I actually use all of these for these tasks.
Okay, I don't exercise in jeans because I don't like to play football in anything but shorts but I did try it out for the sake of the review. But I do work in Mugsy Jeans, and I do also use a pair of their chinos as my pajamas as they are just so damn more comfortable than any pajama or piece of work clothing out there.
The reason they are so comfortable is due to the fact these come with a stretch fabric. This was the first company I ever found that provided jeans with stretch fabric for men.
And this is the reason why I recommend you get Mugsy Jeans over any other jeans on the market. You can pretty much do anything with these, and they won't rip. And that matters in winter where it's very easy to slip.
That's the basic catching up if you haven't read our prior post about Mugsy Jeans. It's mostly either you wear loose clothing and are comfortable, or you wear tight clothing and are tight to a point you can't move right and need to move your legs a lot in order to have some level of comfort. Mugsy Jeans eliminate that. But what about the winter element?
These jeans are more breathable than just about any jeans on the market and when you are in -14°C or 6.8°F it might not seem like such a great idea, but the reality is that it does not make a difference. My legs were the least cold part of my body in Montreal.
I wouldn't say I felt warm, but I felt normal, not too hot nor too cold.
If you are a cold person, maybe that won't be the case for you but in that case, Mugsy Jeans are stretchy, and that means you can easily fit a layer underneath. And layers is how people live in Montreal anyway.
These jeans are great during summer in heat if you do end up wearing jeans whether that's in Thailand or Greece, but they also work in winter, and that goes back to the "best jeans for everything." They just work everywhere.
Maybe the best jeans for winter aren't just about the stretch fabric so that you don't slip. Maybe they are about you not wearing your dark denim but wearing grey or something else? Mugsy jeans are expanding enormously on the choices and that matters in a world where men's clothing is almost always of much less choice than of women clothing.
Men like to dress up too. Why should we be limited by big companies?
Mugsy Jeans no come with several shades of blue, and the grey Beans which are some of my favorite colors right now. I always loved grey prior, but I haven't worn any in forever since starting my journey with Mugsy Jeans. The problem was that they didn't have grey jeans for a long while. Until now.
There are known jeans companies. Unfortenly most of them overcharge due to their known name. There are also more budget jeans that are mostly on the level of the overpriced but from less known brands. Oh, and then there are jeans on a budget that are of poorer quality altogether. Mugsy Jeans offer jeans that are more on a budget considering the $98 price tag versus the likes of $150+ but offer features that no other jeans offer at all. Breathability and stretch are the two key features that make jeans worth it.
When looking for the best jeans for winter, you most likely aren't just thinking of jeans for this winter. You are looking for next winter too. Perhaps you want to buy one pair now, and one pair next winter, but you want jeans that last.
These do. The first pair, we have been testing it for over a year. Overall, we have used Mugsy Jeans in 25+ countries in 3 different continents. Not one pair has a sign of wear, a hole, or any show of the fact that their quality went down.
You might have read our recent Shades of Grey Duffle Coat or Dolfie Paradise Denim Jacket review posted this week. All of these mentioned pockets and that's because pockets matter so much! We carry more and more items and a lot of these items also got bigger. For instance our phones. When we wrote about Mugsy Jeans as the best jeans for everything, the new iPhone Xs MAX wasn't out. Now we live in a world where even iPhones are truly massive, and the problem is most jeans can't store the likes of phones securely.
Loose pockets and not big enough pockets have been my two main issues. Those two combinations result in things breaking or being lost.
The stretchy fabric on Mugsy Jeans adds tension to items inside of pockets making sure they stay in and even more importantly, the jeans have big pockets as you can see below where a 5.5″ phone with bezels fits perfectly with much more space left. Matter of fact, a 7″ tablet fits in these.
What Are the Problems Then?
Mugsy Jeans are so great that it's hard for us to talk about them in a negative way, and that perhaps makes you think this is some sponsored post where we have to talk about them only from a positive angle. No, it's not.
But we didn't really find any problems minus the fact that the stretch fabric has a specific rubber-ish smell on it. It does fade with time though.
Mugsy Jeans now have the variety of colors that allows you to be the most comfortable ever while wearing the shade you want but most importantly over everything is just the fact these make your life better. And that's what this page is all about. About products that make your life better! That matters! A lot!


text:
A List of Expenses for Starting a Restaurant From Scratch
Opening a Restaurant
By A.J. Andrews Updated March 01, 2019
How Much Does It Cost to Open a Wine Bar?
Dairy Queen Franchise Information
How to Convert a Retail Store to a Restaurant
What Percentage of Revenue Should the Lease or Rent Be for a Small Cafe Style Food Business?
Overhead Expenses for the Motel Industry
It takes a lot more than raw ambition, a knack for cooking and a clear vision to start a restaurant from the ground up. It takes capital – anywhere from several thousand dollars for a bootstrap startup to a few million or more, depending on factors such as location, concept and capacity. Opening a new restaurant from scratch has no analogy – few startups match the frenetic pace, initial outlay and, in successful instances, the unique rewards of restaurant ownership. Start with a solid business plan then move on to cost breakdown.
After licensing and permit fees, which can run as much as $7,000 depending on the state, opening a new 90-seat restaurant costs an average $275,000, or around $3,064 per seat, to $400,000, or $4,444 per seat.
Venue Costs and Location
Market cost for restaurant space varies widely depending on location. In West Los Angeles, for example, restaurant-friendly commercial space, or space that's considered available for all uses and has room for a ventilation system, costs an average $52 per square foot, according to data provided by The New York Times in 2016. This is an 11 percent increase from March of 2008.
On the other hand, in Manhattan, commonly considered one of the gastronomic capitals of the world, commercial space that meets the same restaurant-friendly criteria costs an average $120 per square foot, a six percent increase from March 2008. If you choose to buy, you have to consider government impact fees which, in Florida, for example, can range from $20,000 to $120,000, and cover cost factors imposed by entities such as law enforcement, the fire department, the department of parks and recreation, schools and the department of transportation.
As a general guideline, if you're looking to rent or lease restaurant space, your total occupancy costs, which includes rent, insurance, taxes and common area maintenance, should not exceed six to 10 percent of your projected gross sales. If, for example, you expect $1,000,000 in annual sales, your annual rent should range from $60,000 to $100,000.
Fit-out Costs
Fit-out costs essentially cover design and construction of a restaurant, mostly related to the back of house (BOH), or kitchen. BOH outlays commonly include gas and electrical connections, plumbing and equipment-installation costs, such as hood-system installation. In the BOH, fit-out costs average between $300 and $500 per square foot, or $180,000 to $300,000, for a 600-square-foot kitchen. If you can find commercial property already outfitted with a ventilation system and electrical, plumbing and gas connections, go for it. You can allocate the money you save to front of house (FOH) fit-out costs.
FOH, or dining room, fit-out costs commonly include bathroom fixtures, lighting, flooring and decor, among other features. FOH outlays typically cost between $150 to $300 per square foot, or $90,000 to $180,000 for a 900-square-foot dining room. When renting, you also have to consider the security deposit and first month's rent.
FOH and BOH Equipment
BOH equipment costs vary according to the type of restaurant and its capacity. BOH equipment commonly includes, at minimum, ovens, fryers, a walk-in cooler/freezer, storage containers, utensils, cookware, freestanding refrigeration units, lowboy or reach-in coolers, grills and prep tables, and can range from $75,000 to $350,000 or more, again, depending on the restaurant concept.
FOH equipment includes a POS system, tables, furniture, tableware, menus, signage, utensils, and bar equipment, and can range from $70,000 to over $150,000, with the POS system costing around $20,000 alone. You can save a lot of money in both the BOH and FOH by looking into used equipment. New restaurants have a 90 to 95 percent failure rate within their first year, so there's no shortage of used equipment to find in restaurant outlets, online suppliers and at auction.
Initial Food Costs
Food costs depend on your restaurant concept; fast-food establishments will naturally have lower initial food costs than a luxury restaurant. That said, you can expect to spend around $5,000 to $25,000 on your initial food and beverage order (including alcohol) when starting a casual-themed restaurant.
Restaurant Engine: 5 Things Startup Restaurants Typically Overspend On
RestaurantOwner.Com: Industry Survey: How Much Does it Cost to Open a Restaurant?
Restaurant Insider: Here are the Restaurant Licenses and Permits You'll Need to Open
Restaurant Real Estate Advisors: Rent for Restaurant-How to Determine the Right Rent for a Restaurant
The New York Times: Is New York Too Expensive for Restaurateurs? We Do the Math
Martinkovich Miller Architects: How Much Should I Budget for Restaurant Design and Construction?
Orange County Government Florida: Impact Fees at a Glance
Rewards Network: So, How Much Does it Cost to Start a Restaurant?
Restaurant Startup and Growth Magazine
Minimum Equipment Requirements for a Restaurant Set Up
The Average Cost of Opening a Restaurant
The Percentage of Rent Vs. Revenue for Restaurants
The Average Startup Costs for a Bar
What Is Occupancy in a Profit & Loss Statement?
Cost of Starting a Restaurant Business
How to Start a Sod Farm
How to Calculate the Break-Even for a Restaurant
How to Start a Small Business Cafe
1 Minimum Equipment Requirements for a Restaurant Set Up
2 The Average Cost of Opening a Restaurant
3 The Percentage of Rent Vs. Revenue for Restaurants
4 The Average Startup Costs for a Bar


Bad news: some Muslims who converted to Christianity were attacked by a mob in Ethiopia led by local clerics. Apostasy is a capital offense under Islamic law.
Good news: some other Muslims denounced the attack. Oh, and then they left Islam because apparently it's not such a religion of peace after all.
The Washington-DC based human rights group, International Christian Concern (ICC), has just been informed that on July 20, 7 Muslim leaders (clerics) brutally attacked 50 or more Christians in Henno, Ethiopia.
The release goes on to say, �In 2005, two prominent Muslims in Henno converted to Christianity: �H,� a well known Muslim leader, and �M,� the son of a well-respected Muslim tribal leader. The two conversions angered Muslim leaders in the surrounding region. On July 20, 2006, �M� hosted a worship service for the other Christians in Henno and invited a choir from the Sidama region.
�The worship service gained the attention of the whole village, including Muslim leaders who responded violently by instigating a riot, using gangs in the area. The gangs were carrying local weapons such as knives, stones, and metal rods.
According to ICC, �H� was beaten badly, receiving five deep wounds to his head. Because he was beaten with an iron rod, he was also missing teeth. He suffered deep lacerations to his legs, where several ligaments protruded from the skin. �H�s� daughter-in-law was pregnant at the time but lost her baby because she was also severely beaten.
In total, twelve people were seriously injured; five others were found to have lacerations on their body and received medical treatment in Shashamene Kuyera Hospital. �H� also received care and has recovered from the attack.
The release went on to say that the Christians reported the riot to the district government administrative office, which took no legal action. Instead, the officers warned Christians not to worship in a region that is predominately Muslim. It is important to note that all officers who heard the case were in fact Muslim. The case was then taken to a higher police authority. The police responded by arresting 26 gang members. However, they were released quickly because tribal elders appealed to the government.
1 Muslims who converted to Christianity = the good kind of muslim.
2 Same situation as above post.
9 Hi all. Nice Site. Admins, good works!
11 Hi. Nice Site. Very good works.
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Lancaster Ave Harvest Film Fest
Home/Lancaster Ave Harvest Film Fest
22nov6:00 pm10:00 pmLancaster Ave Harvest Film Fest
FILMMAKER OPPORTUNITY LOLA 38, People's Emergency Center CDC (PECCDC), and LA Multimedia invite local Philadelphia-area filmmakers to submit their original short (5-15 minutes) films to be screened and judged in
FILMMAKER OPPORTUNITY
LOLA 38, People's Emergency Center CDC (PECCDC), and LA Multimedia invite local Philadelphia-area filmmakers to submit their original short (5-15 minutes) films to be screened and judged in the first ever Lancaster Ave. Harvest Film Fest to be held at the Parklet at The Bank, located at 3750 Lancaster Avenue on Friday, November 22, 2019. In alignment with the values of our sponsor, The Surdna Foundation , all films should include themes that represent the following values: justice, equity, inclusion, respect, humility and family.
Films can be any type, including: narrative, documentary, experimental, and animation. DEADLINE to submit films is Friday, November 8, 11:59p. Submissions are open to all filmmakers in the Philadelphia Metro area, but first consideration will be given to filmmakers who live and work in the following zip codes: 19104; 19131; 19151; 19139; 19143.
PRIZES: TBD
For full submission rules and guidelines visit: https://www.lancasteravephilly.com/harvestfilmfest.html
FESTIVAL DETAILS:
During a two-hour public screening, 8 of the selected filmmakers will showcase their film on Friday, November 22, at The Bank, located at 3750 Lancaster Ave. Each film must include a theme that reflects the following values: justice, equity, inclusion, respect, humility and family.
Event guests will vote on the film based on the criteria indicated below. A winner will be selected in each of the three categories.
Submissions from filmmakers living or working in West Philadelphia (19104, 19131, 19151, 19143, 19139) will receive first consideration
Filmmakers who live or work in the Philadelphia Metropolitan region are still encouraged to apply
Films with a total running time of 5-15 minutes will be considered
Films must include a theme that reflects the following values: justice, equity, inclusion, respect, humility and family
Only films completed after January 1, 2016 will be considered
Films must be submitted by completing this Google Form and attaching a .mov, or mp4 file –
Films can also be submitted via a private Youtube link. If your film requires a password, you will need to provide it in the Google Form
In the event of a password change or link change after submitting, you must email the Festival at harvestfilmfest@gmail.com immediately with that change so we may update your record. If the Festival is not notified of the change and the link is found to be inactive or the password to be incorrect, the submission may be deemed ineligible.
Direct link to Film Submission Form: https://forms.gle/cpRYFWjTdE9UG7ei6
Evaluation Criteria for audience jury: Film Quality (production quality), Message (aligned with values), Creativity
Originality and Permissions; INDEMNITY
Films must be the original work of the applicants. If a film is based upon another person's life or upon a book or other underlying work, applicant(s) must secure any necessary rights to make such adaptations. However, it is not necessary to submit the adaptation rights agreements to the Festival. Neither the Festival nor its jurists investigates or attests to the authenticity of an applicant's statement of authorship or rights secured. By entering the competition, you represent that you have secured all necessary rights.
Applicants are solely responsible for obtaining all necessary rights and permissions for third-party materials included in their films, including but not limited to music, trademarks, logos, copyrights, and other intellectual property rights. HFF expressly disclaims all liability or responsibility for any violations of the foregoing.
(Please be sure to review film eligibility requirements prior to submitting)
Online Film Submission
Deadline: Friday, November 8, 2019 | 11:59pm
Film Submission link: https://forms.gle/cpRYFWjTdE9UG7ei6
Audience members in attendance at the event will all have the opportunity to vote on the 8 selected films based on the following criteria:
Film Quality (production quality)
Message (aligned with values)
(Friday) 6:00 pm - 10:00 pm


My name is Tony Hope, but people around my neighborhood call me "T". I live in Harlem, a place where life isn't always easy. I've always dreamed that my brother Mike and I would stand on an NBA court together some day. This book is about trying to get there. It's about winning and losing. It's about joy and pain. It's about basketball. It's about our life, and how fifteen hours can change everything.


Discover In It, a podcast for and about families of kids with learning and attention issues from Understood for Parents.
Parenting children with learning and attention issues can be an emotional and frustrating adventure. But, as we'll remind listeners on each episode, you're in good company along the way. We hope our show will make you nod your head in agreement—or at the very least, remind you you're not alone.
Understood is a free resource and online community for parents of kids with learning and attention issues.
This podcast was needed by parents everywhere. Ive just stared listening to old episodes and I'm sad there aren't more.
I'm giving this 4stars because I think this is great for what it is and that we need more of it. I will say though that I don't quite agree with everything (for example the discipline episode included always following through on a threat/punishment without the needed addendum to 'make sure your punishment/threat is realistic and appropriate' or decide if whatever they are doing is a problem for you/someone else or a real problem, eg is it just irritating or is it actually something 'wrong' (very few things tend to fall into that category). I'll be emailing them with more direct feedback that I hope they read.
Hope to hear more from this podcast soon!
So thankful to not feel alone in raising a child with ADHD.


text:
dump-website
============
A HTTP Proxy which is used for dumping static website.

Setup
-----
```shell
npm install
```

Usage
-----
```shell
node index.js http://www.nodejs.org
```

It will show:

> Please visit http://localhost:8005 .
> All requests will be redirected to http://www.nodejs.org .
> Please check output/ directory for saved files

Now open your browser and browse http://localhost:8005 . All visited pages and related resources will be dumped into output/ folder.

Enjoy.


Jurgen Klopp believes UEFA should hand out punishments if any club is found guilty of breaking the rules of Financial Fair Play.
Jurgen Klopp will test his players against high-calibre opponents with games against his former club Borussia Dortmund, Sevilla and Sporting Lisbon now added to the calendar.
Here, Sportsmail takes a look at the Premier League standings and how the tightest top-four race in memory has got to this stage with Manchester United, Arsenal, Chelsea and Tottenham battling.
Ezgjan Alioski has been ruled out for the rest of the Championship season through injury after tearing his meniscus in Leeds' 2-0 defeat to Brentford.


This one is my current favorite pattern. I have a fondness for graphghans. I've never been a fan of the cross stitch over single crochet thing. For one, I don't think it looks great and, for two, its double the work and I'm all for the K. I. S. S. Method of doing things. Anyway, this one was a crochet along in my Ravelry group a while back so it has been tested. Unfortunately, I only got around to counting out the row counts and only working halfway through the pattern. Yep, its still a WIP in my closet! Once I get it finished (who knows when that will be), I will post an actual picture. If you want to see actual pictures of the finished item, check out the pattern page on Ravelry!
These patterns are the sole property of Courtney Carter and Carter Designs. The patterns are not to be copied or resold in any capacity. These patterns are copyrighted by the publisher and designer. Reproduction of this pattern in any form is limited to the use of the purchaser. The patterns, written instructions, graphs, photographs, and figures pictures are intended for personal, NONCOMMERCIAL use and are protected by federal copyright law. The designer asks that you request permission if you intend to sell your finished item from your purchased pattern(s). Courtney Carter and Carter Designs asks that you please reference where you purchased the pattern to your customers on the item page if permission to sell is granted. Reference to use is http://www.crochetingcrazy.wordpress.com Please respect the copyright on these patterns and do not sell or reproduce to give away without first obtaining permission from the publisher/designer. Your cooperation is always appreciated.
Make sure to create a project in Ravelry and link up your finished item! I love seeing all the different color combinations everyone comes up with!
Going to start it today! Was wondering if you could clarify about reading the pattern. You say to read every second row backwards. So that's every even row? Which means row 8, which is written "Row 8: 89B, 7P, 17B", should actually be stitched 17B, 7P, 89B?
Only read every second row backwards if you're working in sc or hdc. If you're doing one of those methods, then you are correct. If you're working in Tunisian you read it as written.
What is the size of the blanket? I need to make a twin size for a cousin that has a disability.
My finished size was 42″ x 35.5″. That was with the supplies stated in the pattern.
If I use a bigger hook size will it make it bigger?
It could, it depends on your tension. I tend to Crochet pretty tightly.
I have begun mine again. This time using SC. It's working much better than my tunisian attempt. Thank you for the pattern!
Love this pattern. What stitch did you use for the pictured completed blanket?
I used SC for this one.
Thank you for the free pattern! Made it without one problem and with a beautiful result!


September is just around the corner and art lovers in Quebec City will know that this means… the Nuit des Galeries is coming soon too! Now at its 14th edition, the event allows residents and visitors of Quebec City to visit various art galleries and sample wines and finger food until 11 pm. And the Perreault Gallery will be part of it this year as well! Come and see us on September 15 and enjoy a great evening combining art, music and gastronomy!
Not only will you get to enjoy this very pleasant event like in previous years, but since Nielly's exhibition was such a success, we will keep the artworks with us for you to see until the Nuit des Galeries! This way, everyone will be able to see these beautiful paintings and perhaps will you get to own one of them?
Nielly's paintings will not be the only surprise at the Nuit des Galeries: you will also get to see FABER at work! Indeed, the painter will be with us to create in front of you one of her beautiful landscapes! You'll be able to ask her questions, observe her brushstroke, discover her artistic approach … It will be magic! Click here to read our portrait of the artist before the big day!
So don't miss the event on Saturday, September 15, from 18h to 23h at 205 St. Paul Street! The Galerie Perreault will once again partner with La Légende restaurant. Given the enthusiastic response of art lovers from Quebec to the opening of Françoise Nielly (click here to find out more if you missed this unique event), there is no doubt that the Nuit des Galeries will be again a huge success!
Visit us to see new arrivals in the gallery or browse our website if you can't come see us!


text:
Stream of stars in Andromeda satellite galaxy shows cosmic collision
by Niels Bohr Institute
This diagram shows the dwarf galaxy Andromeda II with the stars belonging to the stream marked in blue. Their movement show that Andromeda II is a merger of two dwarf galaxies. Credit: Nicola C. Amorisco, N. Ho and M. Geha
The Andromeda Galaxy is surrounded by a swarm of small satellite galaxies. Researchers from the Niels Bohr Institute, among others, have detected a stream of stars in one of the Andromeda Galaxy's outer satellite galaxies, a dwarf galaxy called Andromeda II. The movement of the stars tells us that what we are observing is the remnant of a merger between two dwarf galaxies. Mergers between galaxies of such low mass has not been observed before. The results are published in the scientific journal, Nature.
The galaxies in the early universe started off small and the theory of the astronomers is that the baby galaxies gradually grew larger and more massive by constantly colliding with neighbouring galaxies to form new, larger galaxies. Large, massive galaxies constantly attract smaller galaxies due to gravity and they eventually merge together and grow even larger.
But not all of the small galaxies are being 'eaten' by the large galaxies. Some of them remain in an orbit around the large galaxy. The largest galaxy in our cosmic neighbourhood is the Andromeda Galaxy, which is about 2.3 million light years away. Like our own galaxy, the Milky Way, Andromeda is a large spiral galaxy.
Swarm of small galaxies
Andromeda is surrounded by a swarm of small galaxies – astronomers have counted more than 20. They have names like Andromeda I, II, III, IV...etc. Researchers from the Dark Cosmology Centre at the Niels Bohr Institute, among others, have analysed measurements of the stars in the dwarf galaxy Andromeda II and made a surprising discovery.
The Andromeda Galaxy is a large spiral galaxy like our galaxy, the Milky Way. It is located about 2.3 million light years away and can be seen with the naked eye. The satellite galaxy Andromeda II is located in a distant orbit approximately 600,000 light years from the center of the great Andromeda Galaxy. Credit: NASA
"Stars in a dwarf galaxy often move around at random, but this is not exactly the case for Andromeda II. In particular we could see that a stream of stars is moving around differently than the rest in a very coherent way. These stars are situated in an almost complete ring and are rotating around the centre of the galaxy," explains astrophysicist Nicola C. Amorisco, Dark Cosmology Centre, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen.
The dwarf galaxy Andromeda II is very small – less than one percent of the Milky Way. The rotating stream of stars in the galaxy is entirely made up of old stars and from their properties, researchers can draw conclusions about this dramatic cosmic event.
"What we are seeing is the remains of a collision between two dwarf galaxies, which had a dramatic effect on the dynamics of the remnant," says Nicola C. Amorisco.
He explains that mergers between such small galaxies are expected during the galaxy formation process, but are rare at present times and had hitherto not been seen. Andromeda II is the least massive known example of merging of galaxies so far and illustrates the scale-free character og the formation og galaxies down to the lowest galactic mass scales.
Universe's early galaxies grew massive through collisions
More information: The remnant of a merger between two dwarf galaxies in Andromeda II, DOI: 10.1038/nature12995
Journal information: Nature
Provided by Niels Bohr Institute
Citation: Stream of stars in Andromeda satellite galaxy shows cosmic collision (2014, February 23) retrieved 19 July 2019 from https://phys.org/news/2014-02-stream-stars-andromeda-satellite-galaxy.html
Image: Hubble looks into Terzan 7
Hubble sees stars fleeing a cosmic crash
Hubble images spawn theory of how spiral galaxies turn into jellyfish before becoming elliptical
Where is Earth located in the galaxy?
Hubble and Galaxy Zoo find bars and baby galaxies don't mix
Fundamental parameters, evolutionary status determined for three chemically peculiar stars
ESA confirms asteroid will miss Earth in 2019
New Hubble constant measurement adds to mystery of universe's expansion rate
Supernova observation first of its kind using NASA satellite
HannesAlfven
Re: The dwarf galaxy Andromeda II is very small – less than one percent of the Milky Way. The rotating stream of stars in the galaxy is entirely made up of old stars and from their properties, researchers can draw conclusions about this dramatic cosmic event … "What we are seeing is the remains of a collision between two dwarf galaxies, which had a dramatic effect on the dynamics of the remnant," says Nicola C. Amorisco."
As has been previously stated, astrophysicists would be wise to learn of the phenomenon of Marklund Convection, for it offers an alternative plasma-based explanation for why elemental abundances appear to vaguely sort into concentric rings. To my knowledge, the only place where this laboratory process is discussed is IEEE's Transactions on Plasma Science -- which presents a problem, for as Tim Thompson has suggested, astrophysicists are in a general sense probably not even aware that IEEE publishes on issues related to astrophysics.
Captain Stumpy
astrophysicists would be wise to learn of the phenomenon
@Alfven
personal conjecture
there is plenty of evidence to support that modern astrophysicist understand plasma
http://phys.org/n...vae.html
http://iopscience...1_41.pdf &
http://phys.org/n...ack.html &
http://arxiv.org/.../0512549 &
http://phys.org/n...ggs.html &
http://phys.org/n...ank.html
http://phys.org/n...end.html
marklund convection is an archaic term as pointed out in the first link by Tim Thompson
astrophysicists dont visit IEEE because that would be like asking a Firefighter to visit the world plumbing institute to learn about water
IEEE is NOT the only game in town, and elec. Engineers (EE) do NOT take astrophysical effects into consideration when speculating about plasma, whereas astrophysicists DO
CaptainCosmic
Captain S.: While I commend your attempt to reason with this obvious troll, I question why you engage him (her,them) and his sockpuppets. His ( I assume he's a dude since gals are rarely so bull-headed) "theories" are actually the kind of pseudo-babble that the posting guidelines warn will get someone banned. Why is this abusive, ignorant, spammer bastard still allowed to post? Even I have resorted to an off-topic post at this point, to suggest we down-vote and report (if that even works). As for the troll: I have no intention of engaging him. Good work on exposition Capt. Stumpy...at least you have a working neo-cortex.
Captain Cosmic: cosmologist
Whydening Gyre
Cap'n. Love ya, but while understanding and respecting your forward looking view;
Santayana said (paraphrasing) - Those who neglect history are often bound to repeat it.
Why wouldn't a fire fighter want to know the basics about what makes his job possible?
EEs know electricity, why would an astro physicist NOT take that into consideration when DOing their speculation?
One peace/love
philw1776
Galaxies indulge in dwarf tossing? Who knew that such un-PC events were astrophysical?
Those who neglect history are often bound to repeat it
@Whydening Gyre
check out his comments in the thread. It will enlighten you about the issue above, it really is not an issue of forgetting the history. :-)
Why wouldn't a fire fighter want to know
actually, in my 6 month academy there was 30 days devoted to plumbing/hydraulics, but we didnt need a plumber for this, just hydraulics/fluid dynamics and basic physics courses
and the following 2 yrs apprenticeship (average time given to complete further training and experience) it is required to know plumbing, but mostly the specifications etc for building codes/inspections. But again, there was no need to be trained as a plumber when the basics were sufficient to get the point across (from friction, pressures, fluid dynamics, weight, etc).
you wouldnt call a FF to do the plumbing on your new home, just like you wouldnt call a plumber when your home caught on fire...
two different perspectives.
they DO take it into consideration
Astrophysicists learn about plasma's, EE's DONT learn about astrophysics
that is the meat of my argument
when Alfven or CD make a claim like that, it is not only obviously false, it is meant to obfuscate and the comment is used to establish that there is something wrong today (intentionally misleading & repeated to establish the lie as truth)
first off, the comment is based upon Hannes statements more than thirty years ago
also, it is an outright LIE
check out ANY college curriculum to be an astrophysicist... or ask one, they have to learn about plasma's or Ask CaptainCosmic or Q-Star
I checked a LOT of colleges the first time I saw this statement and found that they ALL required it.
Then there is the stuff Thompson posted, proving it all crap all over again... read his posts, WG, you will learn a LOT.
While I commend your attempt to reason with this obvious troll, I question why you engage him (her,them) and his sockpuppet
@CaptainCosmic
Thank you for the compliment.
I do it for a few reasons
I come here to learn, and it helps me learn
it also helps others to spot pseudosciences (BIG reason here- my grandkids are learning too... some people are not scientifically literate enough to research and find answers)
the moderators seem to be mostly hands off... and I have time on my hands
are actually the kind of pseudo-babble that the posting guidelines warn will get someone banned
and everything else you said takes TIME to work... too much time, sometimes, given the lack of moderation
I am retired... what else am I going to do when I am snowed in? :-)
Fleetfoot
My reason too, thank you for that, it is appreciated.
the moderators seem to be mostly hands off
I did once get a warning for "pseudo-science" for saying that in an EM wave, the electric and magnetic field vectors are perpendicular. If the site is to be of any value, posts explaining what is valid science and what is trolling, technobabble or just clueless nonsense are essential.
Capt. S.: I too am semi-retired. Actually disabled, but the mind works as well as my speech to text engine & occasionally my hands. I see thus that you are acting as de facto moderator, a thankless job to be sure. I have noticed that the worst of the trolls always pick the 'sexy' topics like STR, GTR, QM, string theory, HEP, etc. I never see this crap in the solid state threads, or chemistry or other less 'exotic' topics. Science trolling is at its worst in Cosmology, particle physics & cutting edge ideas like string theory, quantum gravity, and black-hole dynamics. Fight the good fight my friend, you are doing God's work. I'll try to help out if I can, when I can. Capt.C.
yyz
Back on the topic of And II, it should be noted that even before the current study this dwarf galaxy was considered unusual. And II is the second largest dwarf spheroidal in the Local Group and displays a peculiar surface brightness profile unique for dwarf galaxies. Rotation is about the minor axis, also a rarely observed condition of elliptical systems of any mass and a first for a dSph:
http://arxiv.org/abs/1209.2116
Previous studies have also found two stellar populations in And II. One is a centrally-concentrated, metal-rich intermediate age(~7-10 Gyr) population while the other is extended, metal-poor and old(~13 Gyr):
It's tempting to speculate that the proposed merger occurred around the time the intermediate age population was formed(accreted?) and future studies of And II are sure to look into this possibility. BTW, a preprint of current paper in Nature is available here:
Back on the topic of And II,
@yyz
sorry. without the PM function I get distracted... wish we had it back. I have LOADS of questions and I am still burning my brain up researching them... would love to ask Q-Star or someone
and future studies of And II are sure to look into this possibility. BTW, a preprint of current paper in Nature is available here:
thanks for those GREAT links... they are helpful
going through them now
Tuxford
"The Andromeda Galaxy is surrounded by a swarm of small satellite galaxies. "
Why? Because they are daughter galaxies ejected from deep within the parent. Or we let merger mania continue unabated in the fanciful minds of modern astronomers. Merging satellites? Maybe. But where are all the baby galaxies in intergalactic space left over from the fabled beginning??? They all managed to find a home orbiting some other galaxy??? Want to buy a bridge?
Drink more coffee? take a nap? read? wild woohoo with wife? limited only by your imagination, m'friend...:-).
LeoVuyk
In Quantum FFF theory, Dwarf Galaxis are originated in between two or more so called Galaxy Anchor black holes. However, dwarfs seem to be not stable due to the strang attraction forces of thes black hole.
They can collide and even disrupt into star streams called "Polar galaxy rings" of stars.'
image 145 of: http://www.flickr...etails=1
GSwift7
Back on the topic of And II, it should be noted that even before the current study this dwarf galaxy was considered unusual
It makes me wonder how unusual it is, since the total number of dwarf galaxies we are able to observe is limited by proximity. You need to be able to pick out fairly high levels of detail in order to know details of composition and motion within the galaxy. At greater distances we struggle to go beyond the bulk properties of the dwarf galaxy as a whole (at least for now, but DEIMOS on Keck II is very state of the art, so don't expect much better in the near future). Not only can Keck get unmatched detail, the DEIMOS instrument can get high resolution spectra on many objects at the same time, which makes this observation extremely difficult to duplicate on any other instrument.
cantdrive85
Hal Arp saw these dwarf galaxies as childrens of the larger galaxies they orbit.
http://www.halton..._pacific
"Not only can Keck get unmatched detail, the DEIMOS instrument can get high resolution spectra on many objects at the same time, which makes this observation extremely difficult to duplicate on any other instrument."
It's probably more accurate to say that hi-res studies of dwarf galaxies in the Local Group(spectra/kinematics) are best conducted with 8-10m class telescopes. All 8-10m class 'scopes use state-of-the-art instrumentation, not just Keck(see my second link above). It's true that study of individual stars in dwarf galaxies are limited to Local Group systems and even JWST or the new crop of giant terrestrial 'scopes(EELT, GMT etc.) won't be able to study individual stars in dwarf galaxies in, say, the Perseus Galaxy Cluster(Abell 426).
@cantdrive, with the passing of Arp it seems like observational astronomers investigating alternative/unsupported astrophysics are a dying breed (Carlqvist and Verschuur are both retired, as is plasma physicist Peratt).
It's probably more accurate to say
I was just trying to point out, to people who may not know, that the type of equipment needed for this work is rare. There are only about a dozen comparable instruments ever made, and it could be argued that some of those dozen don't really have the horsepower of Keck, especially the 8 meter class with one-piece mirrors. GTC has a larger mirror, but less light gathering due to the design. Keck really is the best of the best, and resolving individual stars in another galaxy is not trivial.
Are there any other multi-object spectrometers that can track as many objects as DEIMOS? I doubt the above work could have been done with only 1 or 2 hundred stars sampled by the spectrometer, which is about the best Subaru can do.
Also, about half of the 8 meter and above telescopes are in the southern hemisphere, and Andromeda is apx 40 degrees north.
Tim Thompson
As has been previously stated, astrophysicists would be wise to learn of the phenomenon of Marklund Convection, for it offers an alternative plasma-based explanation for why elemental abundances appear to vaguely sort into concentric rings.
Hah! You can't even get your own pseudoscience pseudoscientifically correct!! The article here is talking about the distribution of individual stars, whereas "Marklund convection" deals with the diffusion (not convection) of individual atomic nuclei in a magnetized plasma. Even you can't come up with a way for "Marklund convection" to move a whole star.
LOL! Stumped by the scalability of plasma processes?
apparently YOU are... is this "scalability" somehow related to how Saturn/etc and the Sun changed places? is it related to how the moon's craters were formed by plasma discharges? Is it related to the Grand Canyon formation?
something that is powerful enough to do what you are saying should also have other observable/physical effects.
for instance, with regard to the grand canyon/moon crater formations: given the discharge of power to create the formation, there would be evidence created and still measurable/visible today, such as the creation of secondary evidence through heat/electric/other discharge/formations processes.
therefore observational evidence of one would immediately provide a pattern that was distinguishable and would allow us to find the physical/observational evidence of the other, as I told you before.
this should be easy enough for you... give your proof
Plasma processes are neither more nor less scalable than any other physical processes. In all cases scalability is allowed only when the energy permits. When dealing with gases made of individual ions & charged particles that are relatively small, processes can and do scale over a very large range of distances. But the energy is not there to move a star with any electromagnetic field, so scalability is not relevant to this discussion.
Your problem is that you are monumentally ignorant of all things physics, especially plasmas, so all you can do is repeat buzzwords as if you understood them & rules of thumb as if they were laws of physics. But you are not fooling anybody with your false bravado.
Maggnus
Judging by what you've said here, your voice is welcomed and I extend you welcome as well!
Arp saw a lot of things, some of which were right, some of which are wrong. You've posted to an example of the latter.
BTW, how do you square his concepts of tired light with your gurus' ideas of Birkland currents?
Don't bother to answer that, it's rhetorical. And the fact that you are even able to confuse the preachings of your own high priests doesn't bode well for any answer you may give!