Abstract: A system and method for providing access to data stored in encrypted form in a physically non-secure database without compromising security of the data in the physically non-secure database is disclosed. A representation of at least some of the data from the database in unencrypted form is stored in volatile memory associated with the server. The wildcard search is performed on the representation. Search results are displayed to the user to allow the user to select database contents to be retrieved. The user's selection is retrieved from the database and decrypted. Finally, the unencrypted selection results are provided to the user.
1. A method for providing access to data stored in encrypted form in a physically non-secure database without compromising security of the data in the physically non-securedatabase, the non-secure database residing in non-volatile storage, the method comprising: in a server, maintaining a representation of at least some of the data from the database in unencrypted form in volatile memory associated with the server; receiving a request to search the data from an authorized user, the request containing a wildcard character; executing the request containing the wildcard character by conducting a wildcard search on the representation in the volatile memory of theserver; displaying search results to the user sufficient to allow the user to select database contents to be retrieved from the non-volatile storage; receiving a selection from the user; retrieving from the database, specific encrypted data associatedwith the user's selection; decrypting the specific encrypted data using a key retrieved from a keystore that is accessible by the server but is stored remote from the server, and is inaccessible to both the physically non-secure database and the user,so as to obtain unencrypted selection results, wherein the server is one of multiple servers, wherein an other of the multiple servers contains a separate representation of the at least some of the data in volatile memory of the other server inunencrypted form; providing the unencrypted selection results to the user; and using a publish/subscribe messaging mechanism to maintain consistency between the unencrypted representation in the volatile memory of the server and the unencryptedseparate representation in the volatile memory of the other server.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein, when contents of the data stored in encrypted form in the physically non-secure database is changed and the change affects information that must be included in the representation, the method further comprises:in the server, retrieving the affected information in encrypted form from the database; decrypting the affected information; and updating the representation to reflect the affected information.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein, when contents of the data stored in encrypted form in the physically non-secure database is changed and the change affect information that must be included in the representation, the method further comprises:in the server, retrieving the affected information in encrypted form from the database; decrypting the affected information; and updating the representation to reflect the affected information.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the receiving the request comprises: receiving the request over an encrypted connection.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the retrieving from the database comprises: retrieving the specific encrypted data over an unencrypted connection.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the providing comprises: providing the unencrypted selection results to the user over an unencrypted connection.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the maintaining the representation of the at least some of the data in volatile memory associated with the server comprises: maintaining the representation in unencrypted form in cache memory.
8. The method of claim 1, further comprising: retrieving encrypted database content from the physically non-secure database; decrypting the retrieved encrypted content; and storing the decrypted content as the representation in the volatilememory associated with the server.
9. A computer apparatus comprising: a server including a processor and volatile memory associated with, and accessible by, the processor, the server being configured for connection to a remote, physically non-secure database containing, innon-volatile storage therein, content stored in encrypted form, the volatile memory associated with the server having stored therein an unencrypted representation of a portion of the content obtained from the database; application programming running onthe server, configured to a) in response to receipt of a database query containing a wildcard character, conduct a wildcard search of the unencrypted representation of the portion of the content stored in the volatile memory and output a result of thewildcard search, b) receive an input from a user in response to the result, c) retrieve from the non-secure database discrete encrypted data from the database in non-volatile storage based upon the user input; d) decrypt the discrete encrypted datausing a key retrieved from a keystore that is accessible by the server but is stored remote from the server, and is inaccessible to both the physically non-secure database and the user; and e) provide an unencrypted version of the discrete encrypteddata to the user; a publish/subscribe mechanism, coupled to both the server and a second server, configured to maintain coherency between the unencrypted representation of the portion of the content in the volatile memory associated with the server andan unencrypted representation of the portion of the content stored in a volatile memory associated with the second server.
10. The computer apparatus of claim 9, wherein the volatile memory comprises a cache memory.
11. The computer apparatus of claim 9, wherein the volatile memory associated with the second server is accessible by a processor, the second server being configured for connection to the physically non-secure database to obtain the unencryptedrepresentation of the portion of the content, the computer apparatus further comprising: second application programming running on the server, configured to a) in response to receipt of a database query containing a wildcard character, conduct a wildcardsearch of the representation of the portion stored in the volatile memory of the second server and output a result of the wildcard search, b) receive an input from a user in response to the result, c) retrieve from the non-secure database discreteencrypted data from the database based upon the user input; d) decrypt the discrete encrypted data using the key retrieved from the keystore; and e) provide an unencrypted version of the discrete encrypted data to the user.
12. The computer apparatus of claim 11 wherein the application programming running on the server is further configured to, in response to an indication from the publish/subscribe mechanism that the representation is stale, retrieve from thenon-secure database updated information in encrypted form, decrypt the updated information and update the representation with the unencrypted updated information.
13. The computer apparatus of claim 11 wherein the key store is located remote from, but accessible to the second server and is usable to decrypt encrypted information received by the second server from the remote, physically non-securedatabase and store a result of the decrypting of the encrypted information in the volatile memory as at least part of the representation of the portion of the content obtained from the database.
14. The computer apparatus of claim 9, wherein the server is a first server, the computer apparatus further comprising: multiple other servers each having volatile memory containing unencrypted representations of the portion of the content; and application programming running on each of the multiple other servers configured to perform a) through e).
15. The computer apparatus of claim 14 further comprising: a publish/subscribe subsystem, coupled to the first server and the multiple other servers, configured to maintain coherency among the unencrypted representations of the portion of thecontent in each of the volatile memories.
16. The computer apparatus of claim 9, further comprising, an encrypted connection to the server over which the database query is received.
This disclosure relates generally to database security, and, more particularly, to secure wildcard searching of a database.
It in not uncommon for companies to have numerous databases and to use in-house Information Technology (IT) staff or even third parties to maintain the databases. Moreover, those databases may be located in places where the owner cannot controlphysical access to the devices or storage making up the database or to communication lines to and from such databases (hereafter referred to as "remote" storage).
In some cases, these databases may contain sensitive or confidential information which the owner wishes to ensure cannot be accessed by unauthorized persons, including the owner's IT staff, for example, database administrators. One way of doingso is by encrypting the database contents and maintaining the decryption key separate from access by those who could access the database but are not authorized to have access to its sensitive contents, while keeping the decryption key accessible to therelevant secure computers of those with legitimate need to access. By doing so, only persons who have such access to the decryption key can meaningfully and securely access the contents by retrieving the desired encrypted data to a secure computer andthen decrypting it. However, this can present a security problem when such authorized users wish to search the database contents.
In general, there are only two ways to search a remote encrypted database. One may either decrypt the contents and perform the search on the unencrypted contents, which compromises the security of the remote database because it becomes possiblefor unauthorized persons to gain access to the unencrypted contents, or only allow "exact string" searches. An exact string search is less likely to compromise security because the string to be searched can be encrypted in the same manner as thedatabase contents and the resulting encrypted string can be matched with the similarly encrypted database contents. Thus, if the term "dollars" encrypts to the string "x%Wz3&7", which would be meaningless to any observers who have access to the remotestorage, the database can be searched for the exact encrypted string x%Wz3&7 and return to the user encrypted results containing that string for decryption on the user computer, thereby maintaining the security of the database contents in the remotestorage.
The same is not generally true however for wildcard searches in which not only the exact search term is sought, but any other terms that contain variants of the term delimited by the wildcard character(s). With a wildcard search, for example,an asterisk can be used as a character that denotes any one or more characters that follow the specific string preceding it. By way of example, a search for "distr*" in a database can be used to obtain all records containing "distr" followed by anynumber of characters. Thus, in this example, a search for "distr*" might return all records containing any of the following terms: "distress," "distressed," "distribute," "distribution," "distraction," and "district."
This wildcard search problem is compounded if wildcards can be within a string (for example, "wom*n" to search for woman and women), pre-pend a string (for example, "*posit" to search for deposit and composite), or multiple wildcards can be partof a single string (for example, "*port*y" to search for "reportedly," "proportionally" and "exportability)", because the encrypted form of the target words could be encrypted very differently and thus the search term would not be easily matched to thecontents of the encrypted database.
As a result, there is a need for a way to allow for wildcard searching of encrypted remote database content that does not concurrently compromise security of the content.
In one aspect of this disclosure, a system and method is disclosed for providing access to data stored in encrypted form in a physically non-secure database without compromising security of the data in the physically non-secure database. Arepresentation of at least some of the data from the database is maintained in volatile memory in unencrypted form and associated with a server. A request is received to search the data from an authorized user, the request containing a wildcardcharacter. The request containing the wildcard character is executed by conducting a wildcard search on the representation in volatile memory of the server. Search results sufficient to allow the user to select database contents to be retrieved aredisplayed to the user. A selection is received from the user. Specific encrypted data associated with the user's selection is retrieved from the database. The specific encrypted data is decrypted using a key that is accessible by the server but isremote from, and inaccessible to, the physically non-secure database to obtain unencrypted selection results. The unencrypted selection results are provided to the user.
The foregoing has outlined rather generally the features and technical advantages of one or more embodiments of this disclosure in order that the following detailed description may be better understood. Additional features and advantages ofthis disclosure will be described hereinafter, which may form the subject of the claims of this application.
FIG. 8 is a flow chart depicting a continuing process flow for updating the representational index when a change has been made to an entry stored on the example remote wildcard-searchable database of FIG. 3.
FIG. 1 is a high-level representation of a traditional database solution, illustrating the problems presented when attempting to implement a wildcard-search capability on a remote, encrypted database. Remote database 100 is housed in storage ata remote location, in the sense that preventing access by persons who should not have access to the database contents at all is outside of the control of the owner of the remote database 100. As a result, it may be subject to access from unauthorizedpersonnel at the non-secure location. For example, database administrators 125 may possess direct access to remote database 100 contents because of their assigned role. If not, they may nevertheless be able to attach foreign processes to the databasefor legitimate reasons, but those processes could also be used to gain unauthorized access to the information. For example, system administrators 130 may be able to attach foreign processes to existing application processes to legitimately examineapplication data as it operates within system memory or is transferred over data busses, and thereby may view the data as it is being transmitted to and from the remote database 100. To prevent this, the contents of database 100, and all transmissionsto and from the remote database 100, can be encrypted to deter illicit access by these parties. Additionally, decryption keys for decrypting encrypted information on the remote database 100 must be kept unavailable to such persons in a secure decryptionkey store 110 so that even if database administrators 125, system administrators 130 or network administrators 135 manage to access the contents of remote database 100 in encrypted form, they will be unable to use it because they lack the ability todecrypt it. This security scheme adequately protects remote database 100 contents, as a general matter. However, as described above, it is extremely difficult to implement a wildcard search process on a database 100 in remote storage that is encrypteddue to the encryption of the body of searchable data. A solution is needed that simultaneously retains the security of the remote database 100, while also enabling wildcard searching of the contents of the remote database 100.
FIG. 2 is a high-level representation of a secured wildcard-searchable remote database as disclosed herein, as compared with the system of FIG. 1. A representational index 120, maintained in unencrypted form, is created and maintained purely involatile memory of a server 115 in a secure location. When the server 115 is initialized, the representational index 120 is generated and populated with a subset of content information received from the encrypted database 100 for those fields that areto be wildcard searchable.
Specifically, when initialized, the server will request the encrypted content that can be subject to wildcard search from the remote database 100, by record #, field #, or other manner that does not disclose contents thereof. That informationwill then be transmitted in encrypted form, by the remote database 110 to the server 115. Advantageously, since the information transferred is encrypted, the communication channel need not be secure. When the information is received by the sever 115,the server requests the decryption key from a separate, and secure, key store. Upon receipt, the key is used to decrypt the received information into unencrypted form. Next, the server 115 builds the representational index 120 in memory in a way thatallows it to be wildcard searched and to identify the record and/or field in the remote database 100 where the corresponding information is stored in encrypted form.
Wildcard searches may then be performed upon the unencrypted contents of the representational index 120 via the server 115, and the results of the search conducted on the representational index 120 will be used to retrieve the correspondingrecords on the remote database 100 that contain the desired information. Based upon the record identification, the corresponding content on the encrypted database 100 can thus be requested without compromising security because it can be retrieved inencrypted form. Subsequently, the server 115 retrieves the appropriate decryption key from the secure decryption keystore 140, decrypts the information and presents it to the user. Alternatively, when the user 105 is utilizing a secure system, theencrypted content may be forwarded directly to the user 105 computer which may then access the decryption keystore 110 directly and decrypt the encrypted content for viewing.
Thus, it should be evident that the disclosed system enables wildcard searching to be performed on the remote database 100, while simultaneously preserving the security for the remote database 100. At all times the contents of the remotedatabase 100 remain encrypted at the remote location and the decryption key store 140 is located in a separate location inaccessible to unauthorized persons at the remote locator.
FIG. 3 is a high-level representation of an example remote database 305 having wildcard search capability via the inclusion of application servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n that each function like the server 115 of FIG. 2. The remotedatabase 305 may be implemented using conventional solutions, such as Oracle.TM., Microsoft Access.TM., SQL.TM., or IBM DB2.TM.. Any encryption schemes for securing the data, such as the Data Encryption Standard, LK189, Advanced Encryption Standard, orsome other symmetric or asymmetric encryption scheme, may be utilized as well, the specifics of which are beyond the scope of this disclosure.
The application servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n act as intermediaries between the remote database 305 and the remote users 345-1, 345-2, 345-(n-1) and 345-n. Any number of application servers may be provided for the remote database305, as more application servers may be beneficial for a larger population of, or geographically distributed, users. It is understood that the number of users 345-1, 345-2, 345-(n-1) and 345-n and number application servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and310-n depicted herein are not representative or limiting, and is presented as such only for the purposes of clarity. Any number of application servers may be utilized to accommodate any number of search users.
Each application server 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n includes a central processing unit ("CPU") 315, volatile memory 330, input/output (I/O) devices 320, and a network interface device 325. The CPU 315 processes and executes computerprogram instructions. Volatile and/or fast access cache memory 330 preferably provides fast data supply to CPU. More permanent forms of computer memory may be provided as well, such as (for example) a hard disk, optical disk, flash memory, solid-statememory, tape, or any other type of memory. The I/O device(s) 320 permit human interaction with the computer system, such as (but not limited to) a mouse, keyboard and computer display. I/O device(s) 320 may also include other interactive devices, suchas (but not limited to) touch screens, digital stylus, voice input/output, etc., input/output (I/O) devices, and a network interface. Finally, the network interface device 325 allows the application servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n tocommunicate with other systems located remotely on one or more networks 355, 360, 365, which may be a computer network such as a corporate intranet, or the Internet.
Each application server 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n operates server software 340 in memory 330. Server software 340 implements the functionality necessary to send and receive database requests, commands, edits, etc. from users 345-1,345-2, 345-(n-1) and 345-n to the remote database 305 (and vice versa) thereby enabling communication between the users 345-1, 345-2, 345-(n-1) and 345-n and the remote database 305. Each application server 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n also storesan iteration of the representational index 335 in volatile memory 330. As described above, the representational index 335 is an unencrypted index of that portion of the database content subject to wildcard searching, and is provided for the purpose ofenabling wildcard searching on the remote database 305. The representational index 335 is created procedurally in each application server when the application servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n are powered on or after a memory reset, and isdestroyed when the application servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n are powered off or memory is reset or flushed. The representational index 335 may be implemented using any conventional in-memory solution that can be searched and can allow forcross-referencing of results to records in the remote database 305. For example, the representational index 335 may be implemented using "h2database," an open-source Java.TM.-based SQL.TM. in-memory database solution or using an in-memory spreadsheetor tabular file arrangement.
Where only one representational index exists, any change to the wildcard searchable content of the database must be reflected in the representational index 335. However, where multiple instances of the representational index 335 are involveddue to use of multiple servers, all the representational indices 335 must be kept consistent, in the event one detects or is involved in a change to contents of the remote database 305, some mechanism is required to ensure that the representational index335 in each application server 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1), 310-n is updated to reflect that change.
There are different ways to maintain the consistency among the indices. One example of such a way is through use of a publish/subscribe mechanism 300 ensures consistency of the data in each individual representational index 335 on the disparateapplication servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n. Specifically, if a user 345-1, 345-2, 345-(n-1) or 345-n makes a change to the contents of the remote database 305 article, and the change includes information subject to later wildcard searching,the searchable information must be added to the representational index 335 in the memory 330 of each of the application search servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) or 310-n to ensure all instances of the representational index 335 are up to date andconsistent with one another. Because publish/subscribe mechanisms are well known in the art, some examples will be described here only briefly for clarity. The publish/subscribe mechanism 300 publishes a notification that a relevant change has beenmade. Subscribing systems (such as the application servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) or 310-n, in this case) are subscribed to the publish/subscribe mechanism 300, and listen for published messages. When a published notification is detected, theyretrieve the necessary update information and implement the change.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart depicting a process flow for initializing the representational index 335 of the example remote wildcard-searchable database 305 of FIG. 3 in the volatile memory 330 of application servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n.Creation of the representational index 335 begins with pre-selection of data fields of the remote database 305 which would contain content subject to wildcard searching and thus needed to populate the representational index 335 (step 400). This may bedone by, for example, an administrator, and needs to be done only once for all the application servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n. Once pre-selection is complete, identity data of the selected fields from which encrypted data must be retrieved tobuild the index 335 is stored.
When the application server 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) or 310-n is powered on or the memory containing the index 335 is refreshed or flushed (step 405), the application server 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) or 310-n accesses the stored identity dataindicating which fields of information on the remote database 305 should be retrieved to populate the representational index 335. The application server 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) or 310-n then queries the remote database 305 to retrieve that information(step 410). The application server 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) or 310-n also accesses the keystore 350 to obtain the appropriate decryption key to decrypt the retrieved pre-selected information (step 415). Once the information is decrypted, it generatesthe representational index 335 in volatile memory 330 (step 420). The application server 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) or 310-n is then ready to receive wildcard search requests from users 345-1, 345-2, 345-(n-1) and 345-n (step 425).
FIG. 5 is a flow chart depicting a process flow for executing a wildcard search on the example remote wildcard-searchable database 305 of FIG. 3. When a wildcard search request is received from any user 345-1, 345-2, 345-(n-1) or 345-n (step500), the application server 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) or 310-n executes the search on the representational index 335 (step 505). Search hits may then be presented to the user 345-1, 345-2, 345-(n-1) or 345-n for selection (step 510). Once the user345-1, 345-2, 345-(n-1) or 345-n selects a desired search result (step 515), the application server 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) or 310-n uses the associated record or field identifying information to request the full database record from the remote database305 corresponding to the selected search hit (step 520). The database will respond with the requested encrypted content. The process then proceeds to the steps of FIG. 6.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart depicting a continuing process flow for executing the wildcard search on the example remote wildcard-searchable database 305 of FIG. 3. The application server 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) or 310-n receives the requesteddatabase content (step 600), and also retrieves the appropriate decryption key from the keystore 350 (step 605). Note here that the key retrieval can occur before, during or after the content is requested or received. The record database content isdecrypted (step 610) and then displayed in unencrypted format to the user that initiated the search (step 615).
FIG. 7 is a flow chart depicting a process flow for updating the representational index 335 when a change has been made to an entry stored on the example database 305 of FIG. 3. When a user 345-1, 345-2, 345-(n-1) or 345-n makes a change to anentry in the remote database 305 that could be wildcard searched (step 700), the entry is encrypted using an encryption key, and uploaded to the remote database 305 (step 705). An unencrypted version of the change is also maintained in memory (step 710)for use in updating the representational index 335. The remote database 305, publish/subscribe updater 300 or application server 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n then determines whether the change affects the contents of the representational index 335(step 715). A change affects the representational index 335 if the change is to any field or record that is subject to wildcard searching. If it does not, the process ends. If it does, then the publish/subscribe mechanism 300 is invoked forpublication of a notification of the change (step 720). The process then proceeds to the steps of FIG. 8.
FIG. 8 is a flow chart depicting a continuing process flow for updating the representational index 335 when a change has been made to content of the remote database 305.
Depending upon the particular implementation using multiple application servers, different updating variants can be used. If the remote wildcard-searchable database 305 is implemented without any variation among the application servers 310-1,310-2, 310-(n-1) or 310-n, then, only one type of publish/subscribe mechanism may be necessary. However, if the application servers are heterogeneous and/or handle updates differently, the more than one publish/subscribe mechanism may be needed for thedifferent servers in order to get them the information they need to update their respective representational indices.
After the publish/subscribe mechanism 300 is invoked, a publish/subscribe mechanism may be selected for use (step 805). Advantageously, with our approach, multiple publish/subscribe mechanisms may be used to service a more heterogeneous groupof application servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) or 310-n. For example, four types of publish/subscribe mechanisms to deal with four different types of update requests are presented for the purposes of explanation. The publish/subscribe mechanisms areon-demand publishing 810, message queue publishing 815, database push publishing 820 and process callback publishing 825.
On-demand publishing 810 is a passive publishing process. The notification of change is stored and the mechanism then waits passively for requests from the application servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n. The application servers 310-1,310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n periodically send update requests to the publish/subscribe mechanism 300. In response, the change is forwarded to the application servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n.
A message queue publishing 815 utilizes a message queue to effect updating of external systems. Once the publish/subscribe mechanism 300 receives the change, it places the change on a message queue addressed to the other application servers. Application servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n read messages addressed to them off the queue and retrieve the change from the message. After applying the change, the application servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n place a message on thequeue indicating to the publish/subscribe mechanism 300 whether the update operation completed successfully or failed. If it failed, other actions outside the scope of this application can be taken to remedy the failure.
Database push publishing 820 is generally utilized in situations where the application servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n are also database servers. Once the publish/subscribe mechanism 300 receives the change, it communicates directlywith each application servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n and invokes the appropriate database commands to effect the update on the application servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n with the change. The publish/subscribe mechanism 300 thenrecords whether the update operation succeeded or failed. Again, handling of the failure is outside the scope of this application.
Process callback publishing 825 relies on update processes already extant on the application servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n. Once the publish/subscribe mechanism 300 receives the change, it invokes an update process local to theapplication servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) or 310-n and feeds the change to the process. The process then effects the update on the application servers 310-1, 310-2, 310-(n-1) and 310-n and reports success or failure back to the publish/subscribeupdater 300. Again, handling of failures is outside the scope of this application.
As should now be appreciated, there could be instances where an application server must generate its representational index 335 even though the contents of the remote database 305 have not changed and all of the representational indices 335 inother application servers 310 are current. Advantageously, depending upon the particular implementation, the system could be configured for a direct transfer of the representational index 335 from one server to another server. However, such an approachmay be unsuitable due to speed or other pressing requirements. In general, such a system would be best suited for homogenous, replicated servers.
This application was described above with reference to flow chart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to one or more embodiments. It is understood that some or all of theblocks of the flow chart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flow chart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. The computer program instructions may also be loadedonto the computing system to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions that execute on the computer provide processes for implementing the functions/actsspecified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block(s). These computer program instructions may be provided to the CPU of the computing system such that the instructions, which execute via the CPU of the computing system, create means for implementingthe functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block(s).
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable medium that can direct the computing system to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable medium implement thefunction/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. Any combination of one or more computer usable or computer readable medium(s) may be utilized. The computer-usable or computer-readable medium may be, for example (but notlimited to), an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, device, or propagation medium. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium include the following: anelectrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory, a read-only memory, an erasable programmable read-only memory (e.g., EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact discread-only memory, an optical storage device, a transmission media such as those supporting the Internet or an intranet, or a magnetic storage device. Any medium suitable for electronically capturing, compiling, interpreting, or otherwise processing in asuitable manner, if necessary, and storing into computer memory may be used. In the context of this disclosure, a computer-usable or computer-readable medium may be any medium that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program foruse by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer-usable medium may include a propagated data signal with the computer-usable program code embodied therewith, either in base band or as part of a carrierwave. The computer usable program code may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including (but not limited to) wireless, wire line, optical fiber cable, RF, etc.
Having described and illustrated the principles of this application by reference to one or more preferred embodiments, it should be apparent that the preferred embodiment(s) may be modified in arrangement and detail without departing from theprinciples disclosed herein and that it is intended that the application be construed as including all such modifications and variations insofar as they come within the spirit and scope of the subject matter disclosed.


text:
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Tony Boswell is a Front End Web Developer Nanodegree holder who received a scholarship for the program from Google in 2019. For the 14 years prior to earning his Nanodegree, Tony worked as a trucker. Determined to become a techie, Tony applied to as many places as he could, facing many rejections.
Finally, the right place came along and now Tony happily works as a web developer.
Tony's advice? "If you think coding can't change your life…boy do I have a story to tell you!!"
No matter where you are in life, if learning to code and changing your career is something you would like to do, you can do it. Get started today by enrolling in Udacity's Front End Web Developer Nanodegree program. In as little as four months, you can change your career and have a story just as inspirational as Tony's.
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Diving into the Product Manager Role with Aubrey Cattell, Adobe VP of Product →

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Mexican Christian starts new life away from village where he was beaten, imprisoned and eventually forced to leave
March 17, 2017 By World Watch Monitor Exile, Lauro Pérez Núñez, Mexico City, Oaxaca
Lauro Pérez Nunez behind bars. (Coordinación de Organizaciones Cristianas)
After facing beatings, imprisonment and eventually exile from his home village, Lauro Pérez Núñez and his family are starting a brand new life.
He and his wife Amalia, converts to evangelical Christianity, were first ordered to leave La Chachalaca, in Oaxaca, southern Mexico, in 2015, together with their four children.
They were told it was because they no longer wanted to belong to the "traditionalist" church, which blends aspects of indigenous paganism and popular Catholicism.
Lauro was imprisoned four times in less than a year, and his cousin Misael was beaten while trying to defend Lauro's sister from an angry crowd.
World Watch Monitor last caught up with them in May last year, two months after they'd returned to La Chachalaca, only to find they still weren't welcome.
Oaxaca state in Mexico. (World Watch Monitor / Datawrapper)
They now live in Ayotzintepec, also in Oaxaca, which is two-and-a-half hours away from their old community. After months living in a small room in the back of a church, they finally have their own home, built with the help of other Christians.
Their children – Alma (12), David (11), Arnold (9) and Levy (2) – are settling into their new school there.
And this year, Lauro and Amalia have started a family business, a small eatery in the centre of the Ayotzintepec, called "Maná del Cielo" (Manna from Heaven).
They offer a variety of foods, including regional dishes such as tacos, quesadillas, sopes, pozoles, pancitas, tlayudas, and cheese and chicken empanadas.
In a telephone interview, Lauro told World Watch Monitor that the idea for this business was his wife's.
"At first I had another type of business in mind, but she persuaded me that this was better," he said. "You see, we already had experience in this sort of thing because when we lived in Mexico City, we prepared and sold food to people there, the same thing that we are doing here.
"It is a simple place, covering an area which is six-metres long by four-metres wide. It has no walls but a chain-link fence all around and the roof is made of galvanised steel sheets."
The property belongs to Lauro's aunt. She agreed to rent it out to them, and the cost of the refurbishing work will be deducted from the rent, which is 500 pesos ($23) a month.
"Our vision is that with this business we will be able to make a living out of it," said Lauro. "Ours is a big family with lots of expenses, but we are confident that God will continue to provide for us."


text:
I wrote an erotic novel under my grandma's name
For the women in my family, sex was shameful. But when I wrote a book celebrating it, Grandma's name was perfect
By Lisa Gabriele
October 16, 2013 3:15AM (UTC)
Lisa Gabriele (Virginia MacDonald)
She never talked about sex. She never told us about dating or boys except to say, "Don't bother." She could barely bring herself to mention menstruation. I suspected that my mother had roughly calculated the age at which my younger sister and I might start our periods, because around the time I turned 14, a giant box of Kotex maxi-pads (plus belts!) made their mortifying appearance in the cupboard below the vanity. My mother hadn't had a period since an emergency hysterectomy some 10 years earlier, something she'd bring up in horrifying detail whenever possible.
"Almost bled to death with that one," she'd say, blowing cigarette smoke in the general direction of my athletic little brother, who at 11 was already taller than her. "Four kids in a row. You guys almost killed me. Don't have sex. It makes you pregnant, and it's just not worth it. No offense."
Sex led to pregnancy, then the progressive erosion of the body, resulting in hospitalization and the loss of a major organ. Sex wrecked everything.
But her sex-aversion was more complicated than that. My parents' marriage was already in shambles by the time I was walking Barbie brides down imaginary aisles. And since single motherhood made luxuries out of such things as separate bedrooms for grown women, my mother couldn't have had much of a sex life after my dad left even if she'd wanted to. There were two boys and two girls growing up and since my mother could only afford a two-bedroom house, she slept on the foldout for years.
My mother would say her sexual coldness was inherited. Her own mother, after all, was born in 1899, an era immortalized on PBS's "Downton Abbey." I sometimes have to remind myself that the Grantham Girls were my nana's contemporaries, women who married as virgins, were spinsters if still single at 25, and who lived during a time when a casual walk with an eligible bachelor was scandalous if he didn't immediately propose. My nana was an actual 40-year-old virgin when she finally married my grandfather, 45 when she finally had my mother. After that she lived a long chaste life, and walked my mother to kindergarten with a full head of winter-white hair.
As a teen, I did chores at my nana's house after school for extra money. I'd scrub the bathroom floor, stooping to peel the diabetes pee sticks off the chipped tiles while she watched her 'stories' on television, her swollen legs propped up on an ottoman she'd embroidered. I'd hand-wash her complicated undergarments, hanging out her thick circulation stockings to dry next to the white bras puffed open like giant sails. They'd swing in the wind beside the greying lace slips she wore beneath heavy wool dresses. The clothing seemed designed not just to keep my grandpa neutered, but also completely deprived of a flash of flesh for decades.
Perhaps it wasn't a coincidence I stopped doing chores for my nana around the time I started having sex with boys. After a decade and a half of hidden flesh and mystery blood it was as though I could not keep my clothes on any longer. I understand Lena Dunham's compulsive nudity. Not that I became shameless like her, or one of those flappers my nana would have tsked at. Shame didn't leave. It was simply displaced by copious amounts of alcohol, which helped blunt the shock of my own flesh, let alone that of the boys I fumbled around with. It helped keep that shame at bay, at least until the shuddering mornings, when I quietly teetered around my mother as I got ready for school, more concerned she'd smell boys on my skin than the booze coming out of its pores.
I hid all the evidence of my burgeoning promiscuity from the prudish women in my family, including my sister. It was my perfect wicked secret, such a marvelous rebellion. My sister and I both kept diaries as teens, but the wall between us was so high, neither was even aware of these diaries' existence until well into our twenties, when we'd cue up specific events to note our disparate perspectives. I also kept my birth control pills hidden deep in my wallet. And since the kind of boys I dated mostly just honked from idling Camaros, my sex life was rarely scrutinized. Then came the dawn when an older boy furtively dropped me at the edge of our gravel driveway and sped off, probably sensing my mother's rage the way wild animals flee tsunamis way before frightened people do. As I approached the house, I noticed a row of garbage bags, stacked side by side like fat black tombstones. All my belongings were inside, clothes mostly, but I could also see the right angles of a jewelry box and the odd toe of one of my cowboy boots. I punched open the front door, to my mother smoking on the couch, her back to me.
"I'm kicking you out of the house. Out all night. I can't have a slut living here."
She yelled something else about my younger sister and brother not needing to see me "traipsing home at dawn" "drunk and disheveled" and "getting away with murder." After all, my dad "got her pregnant" a mere three months into dating him. She "had to marry" him. I always suspected she had three more children in a row to camouflage the idea that my oldest brother was a slutty accident. As second-oldest, I often think if it weren't for her sexual shame, I'd never have been born. In her mind, I was getting away with everything while she had gotten away with nothing.
I sulked it out at my friend Lydia's house for a few weeks, where her mother was even more oblivious to our behavior than my own -- if that was possible. I came home more subdued, but pretty much a chain-smoker.
Around this time my grandpa died suddenly, and my nana moved in with us briefly. It soon became clear she needed full-time care. But at the hospital where she lived for years, my nana grew strangely bawdy as death grew closer. Maybe it was dementia, or maybe finally free from the threat of actual sex or any sensuality, she began to openly flirt with orderlies. She flashed skin now and again to elicit a giggle from me or one of my stiff siblings, forced to make a weekly visit. Her behavior mortified my mother, but I loved her all the better for it. We finally had something in common.
Not long after nana died came the awful cancer that killed my mother. It had started in her left breast, and spread throughout her blood, and then her brain. The doctor told her it was "old" by the time they found it, something she could have caught had she felt it herself. Fact was, I doubted my mother ever laid a hand on herself. If sex wrecks everything, so too, I decided, does the utter lack of it.
Looking back, I wonder if it's ironic or if it was inevitable that I eventually become a writer of erotic fiction. Sometimes children boomerang from parental extremes. In fact, a few years after my mother died I stopped drinking. I also stopped having sex for a while, since drinking had often been a necessary part of foreplay. Then last year after a brief, vivid fling, I sat down and wrote an erotic novel over the course of a few months, a product, I think, of a middle-aged awakening, and readers' seemingly renewed interest in erotica. I had written two previous novels, both of which contained elements of sex, but nothing too explicit. After all, my mother was still alive. What would she think? But this time I wanted to write a sexual fantasy, one about a woman who finally overcomes her own reluctance and shame, with the help of other women who'd done it themselves. The plot centers on a group called S.E.C.R.E.T., made up of a kind of benevolent matriarchy whose sole mandate is to generously assist one lonesome gal in experiencing her wildest sex fantasies. And I wrote it in a way that wasn't degrading but rather it was fun, fearless and freeing. It's also called "S.E.C.R.E.T.," but its subtitle — no judgment, no limits, no shame -- had long been a quiet, personal mantra of mine.
I hate to admit it but "S.E.C.R.E.T." isn't something I could have written if all my own prudish matriarchs were still alive. The reason I wrote it under a pseudonym, however, had nothing to do with shame. It just seemed to be the thing to do. But when it came time to pick the name, I wanted it to mean something.
"Do you think it would be mean to put nana's name on my dirty book?" I asked my sister, when I ran L. Marie Adeline, nana's maiden name, by her.
My sister said, "I think it would be hilarious!"
Marie Adeline is a beautiful name for a woman, let alone an erotic novelist, but it's also a corrective of sorts, a way to balance the two extremes -- prudishness and promiscuity -- that plagued me most of my younger life.
Then I asked my sister what she thought our mother would have made of "S.E.C.R.E.T."
"I think mom would have been very proud of you," she said. "But she would probably have burned the book."
That's true. I only hope she would have read it first. Even secretly.
Lisa Gabriele
Lisa Gabriele is the author of the bestselling novel, < a> and "SECRET Shared" which she's written under the pseudonym, L. Marie Adeline. She is also the author of "Tempting Faith Di Napoli" and "The Almost Archer Sisters" under her own name.
MORE FROM Lisa Gabriele
Books Editor's Picks Erotic Novel Grandma Love Secret Sex


text:
Unsealed Court Documents Reveal Johnny Depp Tried to Submit Amber Heard Nude Photos as Evidence: REPORT
Mike Nied Published: August 1, 2022
John Phillips, Getty Images
Newly unsealed court documents revealed some of the evidence that Johnny Depp and Amber Heard tried to submit to the jury during their explosive legal battle.
Notably, the Pirates of the Caribbean actor's alleged motion to submit nude photos of his estranged ex-wife was denied, according to Entertainment Tonight. Heard's legal team dubbed evidence that she worked as an "exotic dancer" and the photos as "Irrelevant Personal Matters." Additionally, they argued that Depp was "attempting to frivolously and maliciously suggest or imply that Ms. Heard was at one time an escort."
Meanwhile, the Aquaman actress was denied the ability to submit text messages that Depp exchanged with Marilyn Manson. His legal team argued that the messages would "smear Mr. Depp under a guilty by association theory" because of the musician's own controversies.
Some of the alleged messages the pair exchanged included one where Manson wrote about "an amber 2.0" situation, according to the New York Post. In another, the rocker reportedly messaged Depp looking for "asylum" because he was worried about legal trouble.
Manson has been accused of abuse by Evan Rachel Wood. He has denied the allegations and filed a defamation suit against the actress earlier this year, according to NBC News.
Heard was also unable to submit expert testimony that suggested Depp might have doctored evidence of abuse he suffered.
Other claims she leveled against her ex included that he took a drug to treat erectile dysfunction and personally damaged his relationship with Disney while filming the fifth installment of the Pirates of the Caribbean saga — 2017's Dead Men Tell No Tales.
Depp argued that Heard's allegations of abuse sank his relationship with Disney and cost him millions in lost opportunities, a claim that she called into question. Although the actor said he would not work with the company again in the future, a petition urging Disney to bring him back for a sixth Pirates film picked up steam during the court case.
Depp and Heard's lawsuit played out in the courtroom and was documented in explicit detail by the press. Both stars were found liable for defamation. However, Heard was only awarded $2 million in damages while she owes Depp $10.2 million.
Her legal team has begun motions to appeal the decision.
Celebrity Nude Photo Leaks
Source: Unsealed Court Documents Reveal Johnny Depp Tried to Submit Amber Heard Nude Photos as Evidence: REPORT
Filed Under: Amber Heard, johnny depp
Johnny Depp Is Dating His Defamation Trial Lawyer: REPORT
Amber Heard Sells $1.1 Million Yucca Valley Home Featuring Custom Wooden Bridge (PHOTOS)
Report – Johnny Depp to Make Surprise Appearance at MTV VMAs 2022
Amber Heard Hires New Heavy Hitter Lawyers Ahead of Johnny Depp Trial Verdict Appeal
Why Kate Moss Testified in the Johnny Depp and Amber Heard Trial
Panhandling Man Dressed as Jack Sparrow Dubbed 'Johnny Debt' by the Internet
Johnny Depp and Amber Heard Defamation Trial Reaches Verdict
Judge Denies Johnny Depp's Motion to Dismiss Amber Heard's $100 Million Defamation Countersuit
Paul Bettany Addresses 'Embarrassing' Johnny Depp Texts About 'Drowning' Amber Heard


Welcome to Anson Jones Elementary-Home of the Panthers! Where every journey has a great story!
The teachers, staff and I are very excited to see all of our Jones Panthers return to school for the 2018-2019 school year. At the end of last school year our Jones 3rd and 4th graders took the STAAR test. Third graders took the reading and math STAAR, the 4th graders took the math, reading, and writing STAAR. At the beginning of August (2017) we received our accountability report from the Texas Education Agency. I am so proud to share that Jones Elementary received a "Met Standard" rating as well as receiving three distinctions. We made every Index and met all the standards for every safeguard.
Our teachers and staff will continue to have high expectations for every student and we will continue to push students to reach their highest potential. Our students are smart and with the right support system will continue to do great things. We will continue to expect our students to come to school every day. Children with poor attendance often struggle academically. We will continue to strive for our attendance at Jones to be 98%. We were very very close this past school year. We will continue to expect all students to read at home every evening. Children who enjoy reading and are able to read on grade level have a much better chance of being academically successful. There is reading involved with every content area. Since Jones does not have a PTO I would love to have a parent Leadership committee. Let me know if you are interested in being on the parent leadership committee. Looking forward to a fun, exciting school year full of great learning experiences!.


Mark Rydalch for Sorensen feature.
Editor's note: Every Sunday, the Deseret News takes a quick look back into our archives.
The Utah basketball team had a case of deja vu against Texas. Two years earlier, the Utes had overcome a large second-half deficit to take the lead and needed to stop a last-second Longhorn shot. This time the shot didn't fall and the 14th-ranked Utes won 70-69 to snap Texas' 26-game home win streak, the second-longest in the nation.
Keith Van Horn and Mark Rydalch led Utah with 15 points apiece and Michael Doleac had 13 points and 16 rebounds.


I know what you're thinking, and yes, absolutely, New York food needs two posts. This first part will be all about restaurants I went to and loved in NYC, and part II will be about snack or breakfast places. Since I was only there for a few days, the selection isn't huge, but they are honest recommendations!
That's all for the restaurants I loved and wanted to recommend! Obviously we went to other places, but some of them were nothing special and not worth mentioning, and we did have one bad experience - all I'll say is make sure you check out some reviews for any place you are considering eating at, especially if you have limited time and want to enjoy every meal!
The second part of our food experience in NYC will be coming up soon! Have a good Sunday! And if you enjoyed this post, please click the little heart at the top of the article - you can also share it on Facebook, Tumblr or Pinterest from there!


Establishing a trust can provide flexibility in a number of ways. A living trust allows the parent to continue to control the assets during one's lifetime. It can be administered by a trustee upon one's death who can see that the needs of the child are met and the value of the assets continues to be protected. If one anticipates that the disabled person will receive government benefits to cover many of his or her needs, a special needs trust can be established to provide for other things such as entertainment and other miscellaneous expenses.
Estate planning for an extra needs child may take a little extra effort in California. The possible future requirements of care for the child must be balanced with protecting assets to try to ensure that they will outlast their need. A lawyer experienced in estate planning can help one review the situation and help craft a plan that can meet the family's needs.


Why choose Go Bananas to organise your work party?
Go Bananas know Canberra and we know fun! We've done our homework and found top suppliers and venues to make sure that whatever work function you choose is a success. We remove all the stress and ensure that fun is the number one priority for all. Whether it's specifically team building or an end of year party that you're after‒we'll work with you to ensure that you get what you want.
Why having a work party is a good idea?
It's the perfect way to build and encourage morale amongst your workers. By making them feel appreciated, you'll set them on track to be engaged and motivate employees. Everyone likes to be thanked and arranging a work party or corporate day out is the perfect way to do this.
Teambuilding is the ultimate way to get the most out of your staff. A successful team building activity will have them feeling part of a team. It will also highlight specific qualities like leadership attributes, and overall open up the lines of communication between staff to create a pleasant and productive work place. No matter what the size of your business, it always pays to invest in your staff.
Treat your staff to a corporate day out by arranging a boat cruise on the beautiful and tranquil Lake Griffin. It's a great way to see the area as everyone sits back and relaxes once out of their normal environment and away from the stress of the office. It's a must for any work function! By having all your staff aboard this wonderful lake cruise, you give them the chance to communicate outside of the office environment and with other colleagues who they don't necessarily have the opportunity to interact with at work.
Think Masterchef or My Kitchen Rules as your staff don aprons and are given some expert tips and instructions in this fun cooking class. This is a team building exercise that most will absolutely love. Divide your group into pairs and turn it into a competition to see who can create the best (or worst!) dishes.
This wine tour is sure to reenergize everyone as you're all transported to scenic vineyards to sample their wines. Why not include a beautiful lunch at one of the vineyards to have the wine perfectly matched to the food? This is a treat for everyone. Why not choose a beautiful wine tour for your next work Christmas party in Canberra? Canberra has a great selection of wineries to suit anyone's budget.


Barato y ofrece lo que anuncia.
Perfecto! Y a un precio muy bueno.
reviews: Las compré para mi cámara de fotos nueva Samsung Galaxy EK-GC100 y van perfectas.
reviews: The product is good quality product. It fix perfectly on my Galaxy S2. I tried 2 of the 3 batteries and both work well. I am not sure of the real 2450 maAh and I cannot verify it. i can confirm that in my opinion the charge duration of this batterry is a little shorter than original that is only 1800 mAh. But you can always have a second charged battery with you, so with 2 batteries a day you can cover all day long without problems. The dock is very usefool but is delivered without final adapter: you need to buy it depending of yoour country. A good product for the price payed. Do his job.
reviews: Lo recomiendo muy bueno.


Ransomware is a type of malicious software that installs itself onto your device, takes hold by either locking or encrypting your data and demands a ransom payment to restore access.
Paying the ransom (usually via credit card or bitcoin) does not necessarily mean that you will get your files back as, strangely enough, the people responsible are not always trustworthy!
Prevention is undoubtedly the best strategy to combat this. A holistic approach across all areas of the business is essential.
Whilst anticipating the threat is key, swift mitigation is equally crucial should your preventative measures fail.
Should the worst happen and you fall victim to a ransomware attack, the most effective method of recovery is backup. Unless, of course, you want to take your chances and pay the ransom?! It's essential to have an efficient and well-maintained recovery process.
Perform routine backup recovery tests - don't wait until you really need it to discover your data has not been backed up correctly!
Ransomware is a very current and real threat to business and can be highly profitable for the perpetrators. New variants are evolving daily and with the rapid rise of internet facing devices and the Internet of Things (IoT), organisations are at more risk than ever. Firms that adopt a robust, company-wide security strategy will be best-placed to weather the ransomware storm.
Need help? Bistech is BSI certified to ISO/IEC 27001 - the international standard for Information Security Management. For further advice on business security, please contact us on 03330 11 22 55 for a no-obligation discussion.


text:
ОГЭ: соответствие утверждений тексту – задание 9
Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведенных ниже утверждений соответствуют содержанию текста (True), какие не соответствуют (False) и о чем в тексте не сказано, т.е. на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (Not Stated).
текстответ
Russia's northern regions are on the Arctic Ocean, which is a sea that is mostly frozen throughout the year. There is sea travel from Russia's shores into this frozen world, but it takes more than a normal ship to get through it. How do Russians manage to make their way through all the ice?
One way they can do so is with the Yamal. The Yamal is an icebreaker – that is, it's a ship that is specially designed to break through the layer of ice which covers the sea in the Arctic and Antarctic. There are many types of icebreakers used by countries that border the Arctic Ocean, but the Yamal is a special kind. It is powered by nuclear energy, and not traditional petrol or diesel engines. Because of this, the Yamal is one of the most powerful ships in the world, allowing it to smash through ice with ease. The ship is made of thick, strong metal that can break through the ice during its travels. It also has special air jets which are located on the bottom of the ship. These jets can push out 24 square metres of air per second, which helps to split the ice.
The Yamal is named after the region where it normally stays in harbour – the Yamal Peninsula, an area of land in north-western Siberia that is rich in natural gas resources. Specifically, the term 'Yamal' means the 'End of the Land' in the language of the Nenets, a tribe that lives in the region.
The Yamal was originally designed to keep lanes of travel open for other ships to use in the icy waters. It has never really been used for this purpose, however. Instead, since it was launched in October 1992, it has been used mainly to carry passengers on trips into the Arctic region. It has special features such as a swimming pool, gym, sauna and volleyball court. One of its tourist cruises was to celebrate the millennium in 2000, when it travelled all the way to the North Pole, making it only the 12th such ship ever to do so.
Another voyage of the Yamal, during August and September 2009, was to collect the staff and equipment from a number of manned ice stations positioned throughout the Arctic, because these stations were scheduled to close. Each station was manned by 18 Arctic explorers, who conducted research in the region. The explorers, their companion dogs and 150 tonnes of supplies and equipment were all placed on the Yamal.
The Yamal is impressive to look at. The lower part of the ship is painted black, the very bottom is red, and the upper part is an attractive shade of orange. On the very front of the ship is the outline of a mouth with sharp teeth, to 'frighten' the ice it encounters.
1) Ordinary ships have trouble travelling through the Arctic Ocean.
3. Not stated
2) The Yamal uses nuclear energy to melt ice in its path.
3) The materials the ship is built of help it travel through the Arctic Ocean.
4) The Nenets sometimes travel using the Yamal.
5) The Yamal was built to help other ships travel through the Arctic.
6) The only ship to travel to the North Pole in the year 2000 was the Yamal.
7) The Yamal carried a total of 18 Arctic explorers during its 2009 travels.
8) The picture of the mouth is there to make people feel scared.
1) – True
2) – False
4) – Not Stated


On this page you can read or download uneb 2016 in PDF format. If you don't see any interesting for you, use our search form on bottom ↓ .
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Q: Why does auto return type lose move semantics in this example? I was watching the video where Nicolai says that auto loses move semantics for this example:
template<typename Callable, typename... Args>
auto call(Callable&& op, Args&&... args) {
return std::invoke(std::forward<Callable>(op), std::forward<Args>(args)...);
}

I was wondering:

*

*why is this the case?

*does guaranteed RVO kick in in
        this example? If so what is the point of worrying about move?

A: I think Nicolai could have just phrased it a bit better.
When you return by auto, your function returns a value (the type of which will be deduced). If std::invoke returns a pure rvalue or an xvalue, then of course the result of call will be constructed accordingly (by a move, if possible). We don't "lose move semantics" in that sense.
But when we return by value, that value object needs to be created. It can be created by a move, and under certain circumstances (which aren't present here) it can be elided, but it must be created. Guaranteed copy elision doesn't allow us to cop out of creating this object.
That can be quite wasteful if std::invoke gives us back an xvalue (an rvalue reference to something). Why should we construct an object to return it?
That's why a slide or two later he says we should return by decltype(auto). The deduction rules will then preserve the value cateogry of the the call to std::invoke:

*

*If it returns a value, we are no worse off. Our own call will return a value (which it may create by moving the return value of std::invoke).

*If std::invoke returns an lvalue(X&) or an xvalue(X&&), that will be returned as is, without creating another object by a copy or move.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
TaskCRT::TaskCRT()
{
	_EntryProcess = null;
	_EntryRollback = null;
}

TaskCRT::~TaskCRT()
{
}

bool TaskCRT::Bind(Method* method)
{
	Task::Bind(method);
	LibraryCRT* library = (LibraryCRT*)method->GetLibrary();
	_EntryProcess = (Action)library->GetEntry(method->GetProcessSym());
	_EntryRollback = (Action)library->GetEntry(method->GetRollbackSym());
	return true;
}

void TaskCRT::OnProcess()
{
	if(_EntryProcess != null)
		_EntryProcess();
}

void TaskCRT::OnRollback()
{
	if(_EntryRollback != null)
		_EntryRollback();
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Premium, cut-end mophead with a narrow headband is ideal for general cleaning and disinfecting. Four-ply, rayon construction is absorbent with a quick release and leaves very little lint. It dries faster so it's mildew-resistant. No. 20 mop requires no break-in period so you can start mopping sooner.


Meaning and definitions of professor, translation in Marathi language for professor with similar and opposite words. Also find spoken pronunciation of professor in Marathi and in English language.
What professor means in Marathi, professor meaning in Marathi, professor definition, examples and pronunciation of professor in Marathi language.


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Isabella Stanhope (c. 1748 — 29 de janeiro de 1819) foi uma nobre britânica. Ela foi viscondessa Molyneux, e posteriormente, condessa de Sefton pelo seu casamento com Charles Molyneux, 1.º Conde de Sefton.

Família
Isabella foi a segunda filha e criança nascida de William Stanhope, 2.º Conde de Harrington e de Caroline FitzRoy. Os seus avós paternos eram William Stanhope, 1.º Conde de Harrington e Anne Griffith. Os seus avós maternos eram Charles FitzRoy, 2.º Duque de Grafton e Henrietta Somerset.

Isabella teve seis irmãos, que eram: Caroline, esposa de Kenneth Mackenzie, 1.º Conde de Seaforth; Amelia, esposa de Richard Barry, 6.º Conde de Barrymore; Charles Stanhope, 3.º Conde de Harrington, marido de Jane Fleming; Henry, marido de Elizabeth Falconer; Henrietta, esposa de Thomas Foley, 2.º Barão Foley de Kidderminster, e Anna Maria, primeiro foi esposa de Thomas Pelham-Clinton, 3.º Duque Newcastle-under-Lyne, e depois de Sir Charles Gregan Craufurd.

Biografia
Com cerca de 20 anos de idade, Isabella casou-se com o então visconde Charles Molyneux, de 19 anos, no dia 27 de novembro de 1768. Ele era filho de Thomas Joseph Molyneux e de Maria Leverly.

O casal teve apenas um filho, William Philip.

Isabella tornou-se condessa de Sefton quando o título foi criado para o seu marido, em 1771. Apesar de fazer parte do Pariato da Irlanda, se referia a aldeia inglesa de Sefton.

Charles faleceu em 31 de janeiro de 1795. Isabella não se casou novamente, e morreu em 29 de janeiro de 1819, aos 70 anos de idade.

Descendência
 William Molyneux, 2.º Conde de Sefton (19 de setembro de 1772 – 20 de novembro de 1838), sucedeu o pai. Foi marido de Maria Margaret Craven, com quem teve dez filhos.

Galeria

Condessas da Irlanda
Viscondessas do Reino Unido
Filhas de condes
Mulheres do século XVIII
Mulheres do século XIX

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text:
Sir Clive Woodward: Eddie Jones 'a Shadow' Of The Coach He Used To Be
Jared Wright Tuesday 6th December 2022 4:00 PM
Sir Clive Woodward says Eddie Jones is a shadow of the coach he competed with following the Australian's departure as England's head coach.
Woodward famously beat Jones' Wallabies team in the 2003 Rugby World Cup Final and hasn't pulled any punches in his summation of his former competitor's tenure as England boss.
Jones distracted
The 66-year-old believes that Jones was too focused on the Rugby World Cup and added that he is a shadow of the coach he competed against in 2003.
"I am always sorry to see people lose their job, but Eddie Jones has been badly distracted since the last World Cup, and he's paid the price," Woodward wrote in his Daily Mail column.
"He is a much better coach than he has shown over the past three years. He is a shadow of the Jones I competed with and whose first years with England were so successful and rightfully applauded.
"He became completely focused on the 2023 World Cup, and that was a costly error.
"International rugby is very simple: focus everything on the next game with absolutely zero distractions. The fans who pump the money into the sport didn't buy his hype."
What will Jones' legacy be?
Woodward says that Jones will be remembered for his unfulfilled promises more than for his glory days.
"What will Jones' legacy be? The semi-final victory over New Zealand at the 2019 World Cup was his best performance, but unfortunately, he will be remembered for the misguided rhetoric and unfulfilled promises.
"I don't think history will remember this period of English rugby too kindly."
Support for Borthwick
Leicester Tigers head coach Steve Borthwick is believed to be Jones' successor, a decision that Woodward welcomes but adds that he must be able to select his backroom staff.
"If it is Steve Borthwick who comes in then we've all got to get behind him and I wish him all the best.
"I hope they don't just pick him because he's an Englishman. I hope they pick him because they think he's the best coach in the world," Woodward added.
"He must be allowed to bring in his own coaching team, and if I was him I would definitely bring Kevin Sinfield over from Leicester."
"The players will have a second chance, and there is enough talent out there to go and win next year's World Cup," Woodward added.
READ MORE: How Eddie Jones and Wayne Pivac's win ratios stack up to their rivals
Eddie Jones Sir Clive Woodward England
Australia: New Wallabies coach Eddie Jones sets sights on 2023 Rugby World Cup
Wallabies: Eddie Jones arrives in Australia to start coaching tenure
Australia: Former Wallabies coach Alan Jones labels Eddie Jones a 'savage' and likens him to psychopaths
Australia: Stephen Larkham backs Eddie Jones to succeed as Wallabies coach


Bitcoin Cash (BCH) surges on hard fork news.
Ripple (XRP) positive news boosts price higher.
The cryptocurrency market expanded by around 8% over the week, due mainly to rallies in Bitcoin Cash and Ripple who both received positive news. Overall market turnover increase, albeit from low levels, and most of the major tokens now trade above their 20- and 50-day moving averages, a positive market set-up.
Bitcoin Cash (BCH) rose around 50% over the week as two large cryptocurrency exchanges said that they would adopt the upcoming BCH hardfork, due on November 15. Both Coinbase and Binance say that will support the fork, boosting BCH sharply higher.
Ripple (XRP) also rallied over the week on news that the company is looking to expand in the UAE and that Canadian exchange CoinField will begin XRP pair trading. News that cross-border payment system SWIFT was attracting the ire of the US over their dealings with Iranian banks also gave XRP a leg-up.
What's your opinion on the cryptocurrency market? Share your thoughts and ideas with us using the comments section at the end of the article or you can contact me on Twitter @nickcawley1 or via email at nicholas.cawley@ig.com.


Around half the US$290 million net proceeds from a bond exercise by Asian casino developer NagaCorp Ltd that was completed last week, would be used for refurbishment of its original Cambodia flagship property NagaWorld (pictured) – now commonly known as "Naga 1" – said a Sunday note from brokerage Morgan Stanley Asia Ltd.
The remainder would help with the casino operator's expansion of VIP gambling business, added analysts Praveen Choudhary and Jeremy An.
The analysts nonetheless observed: "The new route to access capital (hitherto not available to NagaCorp) will support future growth regionally and locally," they noted.
NagaCorp has a monopoly casino licence for the Cambodian capital Phnom Penh and its surroundings, and has also pledged to develop a casino resort in Primorksy Krai near the Pacific port of Vladivostok in the Russian Far East.
A press release in April from the Primorsky Krai Development Corp said NagaCorp had begun pile cap work for its gaming resort in the Primorye Integrated Entertainment Zone.
NagaCorp chairman Tim McNally said in March that the group's Primorye casino resort remained "broadly on schedule" for operation by 2019.
At the opening of the firm's Naga 2 facility in November, a 900-room extension to its NagaWorld gaming resort in Phnom Penh, the firm's founder and chief executive Chen Lip Keong outlined a strategy to capture – via new resorts strategically placed around the Asia Pacific region – gambling business from the four corners of China and potentially the Japan market too.


Hopefully the Los Angeles Kings faithful can get through this post, or at least the majority it, before they grab the pitchforks and torches and make their way to my front door. Here's the idea, Kings general manager Dean Lombardi should at least be open to trading a star player next season.
When I say "star player" I'm talking Marian Gaborik, Dustin Brown, maybe even Jeff Carter. Yes, Brown has been an integral part of the Kings for quite sometime and has been on the receiving end of Gary Bettman's Stanley Cup handoff twice. Both Carter and Gaborik can be seen as the missing piece brought in to get the Kings the Cup in 2012 and 2014 respectively. These facts probably only add fuel to the torches, but before you light them think about one thing, age.
All three of the aforementioned players are locked up for the foreseeable future by the Kings. If they go the distance all three will be a part of the Kings deep into both their lives and careers.Both Carter and Brown are signed until 2022 and Gaborik until 2021. Carter and Brown will both be about 37 by 2021. Gaborik on the other hand will be 40 by 2021.
Now all three players have a significant cap hit tied to their name. Brown has a $5.875 million cap hit, Carter carries a cap hit of just over $5.272 million and Gaborik rounds out the three with a $4.875 million cap hit.
Unfortunately for the Kings, as players like Carter, Brown, and Gaborik's ages get higher, their trade value doesn't.
Over the last few seasons, Brown has already seen a steep drop in his production, which leads to a yearly debate as to whether or not he should be dealt. On top of his decline Brown will likely find himself in a bottom six role come October. There is a changing of the guard going on in Los Angeles, and it involves Carter handing off the offensive duties to players like his line mate, Tyler Toffoli. And finally, although Gaborik is still putting up respectable numbers, he's not getting any younger.
Depending on how next season plays out for the Kings, it may be a good time for Lombardi to test the waters and see exactly what he can get for one of his big name players. If the Kings are lingering around the playoff bubble, which they tend to do, it might be an opportune time to pull the trigger while there is still some trade value left in one of their aging stars.
As the seasons go along it is safe to assume the trade value associated with all three will decrease. When it comes to Gaborik, who is already 33, you have to think about lingering injuries and whether or not he will even be able to get to the end of his current contract. Although some players can defy age it's probably safe to say Gaborik wont be pulling a Jaromir Jagr.
Carter has been a postseason hero for the Kings and has served as a catalyst for the Kings on their way to their first two Stanley Cup championships. However, as time has gone along he has become the old man on a line with young stars Tanner Pearson and Toffoli. The kids are taking over and Carter has likely already peaked.
Now when it comes to Brown his status on the team can be different every day of the week. One day, Kings fans will be calling for Brown's being traded because he can't produce. The next day, Kings fans will be backtracking because Brown scored a goal the night before and is again the best captain in the league. But as Brown's numbers trend down so does his return rate.
With the contracts associated to each Brown, Carter and Gaborik it is only going to get harder to move them if their production drops as they get older. It could be now or never on a deal that sees the Kings get something in return for one of their aging stars.


The church of St James, Biddenham is situated at the end of Church Lane in Biddenham providing a tranquil repose for this church. The church is of a standard form with nave, chancel, north and south aisles, south porch and west tower.
The south aisle is shorter than the north with the porch added to the east end of the south aisle. The south aisle and porch combined make the three elements of the south aisle, nave and north aisle almost the same length. The original portion of the church, the nave was built in the C12 or possibly C11 and there is some indication that the original chancel dated from this period. The lower portion to the tower was added in the C13 with the chancel rebuilt in its present form in C14. The aisles were added in C15 (south) and C16 (north) with the tower being completed in C15. The Vestry to the north of the tower is a modern addition in matching stonework.
The south aisle is of a single bay with an embattled parapet. The porch has a room above which is accessed from the western end of the south aisle inside. The inner door of the porch is a plain Norman arch from the C12.
Under the tower on the south side there is a small blocked doorway and inside, but not visible from the outside is a blocked C13 lancet.
Around the tower are several carved gargoyles.
The outside of the north aisle has a spiral stairway leading up to the roof above the vestry behind which is the original north door, now blocked doorway.
The archway of the door is in two forms, an inner four-centred arch with an outer square arch.
The chancel, as with all of the church has a modern roof. There are two windows to the south and one to the north as well as the main east window of three lights.
Between the south windows is a small plain Priest's door dating from the C14.
Inside, the chancel arch is a restored Norman arch with two squints allowing views through to the altar from the side aisles.
In the Chancel, the most striking memorial is a Jacobean wall monument to the Boteler family, the most important family in the life of Biddenham for over two hundred years. To the side of the altar is the Piscina.
The south aisle is now separated from the nave by a Jacobean screen which used to be in the North aisle until 1939.
The stained glass in the east window of the chapel commemorates St Michael and St Barnabas.
As mentioned earlier, the west end of the south aisle conceals a staircase up to the room above the porch sometimes known as a Parvis.
The north aisle has an impressive modern stained glass window dating from 1960 and there is more modern glass in the west window dating from the millennium celebrations.
Page last changed 05/09/2014. Reformatted 02/10/2015.


Being on the west coast for the first time made me realize that I've been missing out on all kinds of food. That hurts my soul. I love food, don't you? Well, let's assume you do. When I search for restaurants sometimes it takes me hours to find the right one. I have to make sure that I'm going to get the best experience I possibly can while I'm in the city for the day or so that I'm there. For the year of 2017 I have goals, like I'm sure you all have, and one of my goals is to be cognizant of the type of restaurants I choose to dine at. What's on the menu? Have I even this type of food before? Is it food that I'm actually going to like? What's the quality? These are some of the things that run through my mind. Today, I would describe this restaurant as hitting the game winning shot in the NBA finals with 3 seconds left. Are you aware of the kind of feeling you would have if that happened? Another way to describe this experience is hitting the lottery after so many times playing. This restaurant that I'm going to describe as a "hidden gem" is District One Kitchen & Bar located in a shopping center in Las Vegas, Nevada. The restaurant focuses on bold flavors, creativity, and presentation with an extensive menu so even the most picky eater can find something to indulge.
The restaurant is led by manager Crystina Nguyen who focuses on the experience you'll have along with the quality of the experience that will be provided to you. I challenge people at times with the notion that if you don't have a good "captain" then it's a high chance that your experience will be less amazing. Being a restaurant manager is a lot of pressure, dealing with attitudes of people you don't know, or making sure your staff has the right attitude when coming into work. She is the epitome of what ever leaded should be and/or strive for. If you want to be in an area where your pockets aren't shredded to pieces and the quality of the food is so amazing that you'd write your local congressman and/or woman to petition them to create space for such a great establishment then this is your go-to place. I challenge people often with the notion that a restaurant doesn't have to "look" a certain way for you to be able to get a great experience out of. In my opinion it's more about the flavors, quality, and hospitality that's provided when you enter ANY restaurant establishment. The service that I received at this place was possibly the best service I've received since I started critiquing restaurants. What was so good about the service? Well for one, when you go into the restaurant you are treated with respect and like your family. You'd be surprised how many times you go into a restaurant and the hostess doesn't engage in any conversation with you about, "Have you been here" or simply asking, "How are you doing?" It may not make a big difference to some people when they enter a restaurant but to me, I notice the little things that others don't.
This establishment is Asian inspired that specializes in Pho. Have you ever had pho before? Well, I'll give you some insights on what it is and show you some pictures to help salivate your mouth to force you to make a trip and go to this restaurant. Before I get into the pho however, I want to discuss about 8 dishes. Yes, EIGHT. And yes, I was hungry ☺ Please. Don't judge me. I don't get to travel to Nevada often so I wanted to make sure I was able to get a full experience on different items that I usually wouldn't try anywhere else. The items that I'm going to give you some details about are the oysters, fish tacos, Vietnamese beef, ox tail fries, Squid, Lobster Fried Rice, and the main event Pho. That's a s*** load of food, right? Sometimes my eyes are bigger than my stomach, but I wouldn't dare let that stop me from devouring this food. This restaurant is award-winning and it should be for the amount of time and effort they put into their customer service and their food.
The next dish was the yellow tail fish tacos. If you're into raw fish of any kind then this dish would be right up your alley. The yellowtail fish is raw, but with the consistency of the ingredients that are added with this dish you'd never be able to tell. They were topped with avocado, onions, peppers, and micro greens. The fish tacos were crunchy on the outside yet flavorful and sweet on the inside. If you love food as much as I do, I'm pretty sure you can eat one taco with one bite. But, if you're on a date, please eat it in two bites, you don't want to seem like you don't have any table manners right? I would imagine the tacos to be a little salty but to my surprise these tacos were simply perfect. They provide you with three tacos so if you're hungry, I suggest you order a little more before leaving this restaurant.
The third dish that was ordered was the Beef Carpaccio which is the best-selling item on the menu. It's thinly sliced rib eye, citrus soy, sesame & truffle oil, and peanuts. If you're into slightly cooked beef then this dish is for you. The consistency of the flavors mesh well together with this piece of meat. The beef wasn't too oily or too salty. It had the perfect taste of something that is meaty, seasoned, and tender. Sometimes barely cooked meats scare people and I understand that for all of the health conscious individuals out there, but don't let a dish like this scare you from trying something so amazing.
The fourth dish that was ordered was the Grilled Whole Squid. If you're a seafood lover like me then you'll appreciate this dish. The squid was grilled perfectly where it didn't have a burnt taste to it and it was seasoned with togarashi pepper, and spicy aioli sauce. I usually order my squid fried and very seldom have it grilled, and that's only because the restaurants that I go to don't offer it grilled. Squid and calamari are two different creatures but similar taste. I'll make a completely different post to explain the two differences. The spicy aioli sauce that came with it wasn't too spicy where you need to sip a drink of water after every bite. The sauce was the perfect flavor to go along and help some of the salt that was cooked with the squid. This was no doubt one of my favorite appetizers of the day.
The fifth dish that was ordered… yes, fifth! Was the belly buns. Have you ever had a bun so soft and delicate that you wanted to love it with all of your heart? Well, if you haven't you need to get in touch with your soft side! These buns were amazing. It covered braised pork belly, cilantro, and peanut. The pork belly was perfectly cooked and provided a smokiness to go with the steamed buns. Even though the dish contains peanuts you can hardly taste it or maybe not even at all. It also came with a house-made slaw that topped the pork belly. The house-made slaw was nice and crunchy so you had smokiness, softness, and a crunch all in one bite. How often do you have those combinations? If you're hungry like I am, make sure you order another dish as they provide you with three belly buns.
The sixth dish that was ordered was the OxTail Fries. Let me say this a little louder. The next dish was the OXTAIL FRIES! OXTAIL FRIES!?! Have you ever had oxtail fries?! Oh, I didn't mention it was topped with an egg! I'd like to say that whoever came up with this idea, may you live a happy and prosperous life, and may your children grow up to be the best people ever created in life. The oxtail fries were topped with pieces of oxtail, oxtail gravy, and a fried egg. I am literally drooling as I write this. I loved this dish so much that I'm thinking about making a separate blog post to provide you with different images and more explicit words to describe how well this dish was prepared. You would think that the oxtail gravy would make the fries soggy, but the fries were crispy, hot, flavorful, and tender. I could literally sit here and talk about how perfectly prepared this dish was. If you don't order this dish when you go to this restaurant, we are no longer friends. (Yes, I am serious).
The seventh dish that was ordered was the lobster fried rice. No words can describe how well this dish was. (Please see pictures) But.. If I must, the lobster went perfectly with the fried rice and it was my first time having lobster fried rice. The restaurant isn't stingy with the amount of meat they provide you with the fried rice either. The lobster was nice and buttery and went well with the different flavors the fried rice offered. This dish is big enough to order by itself, or if you're with someone else it's okay to share.
Last but not least we have the pho. The pho that was presented in front of me was a oxtail/bone marrow pho. I couldn't decide on the bone marrow or the oxtail so I decided to have them both put into one dish. My decision-making skills are getting better and better everyday as I believe this is one of the best decisions I've made for the year of 2017. The pho came with one huge bone & marrow, oxtail, and rice noodle soup. The time and effort the chef puts into this dish can't go unnoticed. I would wait an hour or more for this dish to be made. For some people, pho just might be any kind of soup that they eat everyday, but to have bone – marrow and oxtail included in this dish, we are not worthy. The pictures may or may not do this dish any type of justice but I can personally tell you that if you come here and don't order what they specialize in then you'll be missing out. There aren't enough words that can describe this perfectly made soup. It wasn't too salty, it was meaty, and if you're sick this will clear that cold right up!
Sometimes the best restaurants aren't in the nicest areas. I appreciate people who take the time out of their days to find what can possibly be the best restaurant(s) they've been to. I appreciate quality, taste, and respect when dining in any establishment. This restaurant exceeded all of my needs and wants. If you're in Las Vegas and your on the strip then take a Uber/Lyft and go about 8-10 miles down the road to this establishment. You will feel as though you've made one of the best restaurant decisions of your life.


Reed Jackson University of Alabama '21 Mechanical engineering major, barista, vintage watch enthusiast.
This watch has a beautiful two-tone dial and some incredible history, as it is a German military officer's watch from World War II! This watch is in remarkable condition for its age and it is definitely one of my favorites at a perfect 34mm diameter.
My first mechanical watch. I read a review on Fratello about it and knew I had to get it! After 9 months of looking on eBay for a piece in great condition, I finally found this watch which far exceeded my expectations being near mint with the original bracelet. Every time I look down to check the time I get lost staring at the beautiful grey sunburst dial!
My great grandpa's all-original 34mm Omega Seamaster retirement watch which was passed down to me by my grandpa. The inscription on the caseback reads: "To T.M. Goodson In Appreciation of 25 Years of Faithful Service Texas Power & Light Co. 1971".
Incredible find for an even more incredible price!! This watch is the original (possible prototype-ish) model for the Bulova "666 Feet" "Devil Diver" Deep Sea Chronograph with a thick unpolished case, a beautiful matte blue dial, perfect creamy lume, a stunning ghosted bezel, and the highest domed crystal I've ever seen!! Very lucky and grateful to have this piece in my collection and having it on my wrist makes me feel like a big-time collector.