This reader explores the nature of interactions between children and their teachers in the classroom. It emphasises the importance of such relationships for children's learning and for educational practice.
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One of the earliest members of the TeSelle family to settle in Iowa was Harmen Jan te Selle (1839-1916). Harmen Jan emigrated from Winterswijk, Netherlands, in 1866, and settled in Holland Township, Wisconsin. He married Willemina Johanna Ormel in 1873, and they had three children by 1878. Sometime within the next two years, the family moved from Wisconsin to eastern Iowa, settling in West Branch, Cedar County, Iowa, where their fourth child, Benjamin, was born in January 1880, probably the first TeSelle family member born in Iowa. Sometime between 1880 and 1882, the family moved again, this time 300+ miles to the northwest corner of Iowa, where they settled in Orange City, Sioux County, Iowa. Five additional children were born between 1882 and 1889. However, their moving days were not over. By 1991 Harmen Jan te Selle and his family had moved to Manhattan, Gallatin County, Montana. Read the profile of Harmen Jan te Selle (1839-1916) for more of his story.
Another prominent TeSelle family member in Iowa was Jan Willem (John William) TeSelle (1867-1945). Jan Willem was born in Oostburg, Sheboygan County, Wisconsin. When Jan Willem was only 3 years old, his father, Jan Hendrik te Selle (1838-1921) moved the family to a farm in Lancaster County, Nebraska. Jan Willem learned farming skills as he grew up, but he chose to pursue a career in the ministry. In 1897 Jan Willem graduated from Western Michigan Theological Seminary, married Geertje VanderBeek, and was assigned to a church in Carmel, Sioux County, Iowa, where he served from 1897 until 1904. During that time in Carmel, Jan Willem and Geertje had four children.
Jan Willem left Iowa for a number of years. First, he transferred to a church in Yakima, Washington. Then he decided to leave the ministry entirely and became a farmer and rancher near Crawford, Delta County, Colorado. Jan Willem and his family stayed in Colorado for almost 20 years, during which time he and Geertje had four more children, one of whom died in infancy. Eventually, Jan Willem encountered financial difficulties on the farm, his wife Geertje died, and Jan Willem was left on his own with five children. At age 55 Jan Willem decided to abandon the Colorado farm and return to the ministry.
In 1923 Jan Willem accepted a call to serve a church in Matlock, Iowa. He married Jeannette W. Bogaard that same year, and they subsequently had four children to go along with the five children Jan Willem brought with him from Colorado. Sometime between 1930 and 1936 Jan Willem retired from the ministry in Iowa and moved his family back to his boyhood home in Firth, Lancaster County, Nebraska, where he lived until his death. Jan Willem was a creative man and a fascinating figure not only in Iowa, but also in Washington, Colorado, and Nebraska. Please read the profile of Jan Willem (John William) TeSelle (1867-1945). to get more details about his colorful life.


text:
Q: Find $\lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{n^2}{2^n}$ $$\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{n^2}{2^n}$$
Do you have some tips so I could solve this problem, without the use of L'Hôpital's rule?
Indeed, we didn't see formally L'Hôpital's rule, nor Taylor series so I'm supposed to do this without such "tools".
I've tried using the fact that
$n^2 = e^{2\log(n)}$ and $2^n=e^{n\log(2)}$ but didn't manage to eliminate my indeterminate form.
Thanks in advance.

A: There are many ways to do that. For example, you can prove that for $n \ge 10$ we have
$$
2^n > n^3.
$$
You can show that using the induction argument.

A: Regarding to analysis tag, you seem to be familiar to series so let us consider the following series: $$\sum(n^2/2^n)$$ it is not hard seeing that this series is convergent and so the $n-$th term approaches to zero while $n\to\infty$. Clearly, this way needn't using L'Hopital's rule.

A: I noticed the OP had wanted L'Hôpital's rule off the table only after I posted my previous reply. I apologize for my inattention. Here is another answer:
Let $a_n=n^2/2^n$ for all $n\in\mathbb{Z}_+$. You can easily compute that
\begin{align*}
a_{n+1}-a_n=-\frac{n(n-2)-1}{2^{n+1}},
\end{align*}
which is negative for $n\geq3$. Therefore, the sequence is eventually decreasing and bounded below (by zero), so it must have a limit.
Obviously, this limit cannot be negative, since $a_n>0$ for all $n$. If we show it cannot be positive, either, then we can conclude that the limit must be zero.
Suppose that the limit is positive: $\lim_{n\to\infty} a_n=c>0$. Since the sequence is decreasing (after omitting $a_1$ and $a_2$, which does not affect convergence properties), it is also true that
\begin{align*}
c=\lim_{n\to\infty} a_n=\inf_{n\in\mathbb{Z}_+\setminus\{1,2\}}a_n.
\end{align*}
Then, for $n$ large enough and beyond, we have that
\begin{align*}
(*)\quad c\leq a_n\leq\frac{3}{2}c.
\end{align*}
Therefore,
\begin{align*}
(**)\quad a_{n+1}=a_{n}\times\frac{a_{n+1}}{a_n}=a_n\times\frac{(n+1)^2}{2n^2}\leq\frac{3}{2}c\times \frac{(n+1)^2}{2n^2},
\end{align*}
where the last inequality follows from $(*)$. But $(n+1)^2/(2 n^2)$ converges to $1/2$ as $n\to\infty$, so that for $n$ sufficiently large and beyond,
\begin{align*}
\frac{(n+1)^2}{2n^2}\leq\frac{5}{8}.
\end{align*}
For such values of $n$, $(**)$ implies that
\begin{align*}
a_{n+1}\leq\frac{3}{2}c\times\frac{(n+1)^2}{2n^2}\leq\frac{15}{16}c<c,
\end{align*}
where the last inequality is strict because $c$ is positive. But this contradicts $c$ being the infimum of the values of the sequence. The limit thus cannot be positive.

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text:
NEWSSOCIAL MEDIA
Pro-Trump Social Network 'Parler' Exposes Visitors to Porn Content
by Eric Sanchez December 3, 2020
written by Eric Sanchez December 3, 2020
The Trump fans, right-wingers, conspiracy theorists and anyone else who frequent Parler have been getting bombarded with content they don't necessarily want to see: a staggering abundance of porn. Parler, a conservative social network that bills itself as a haven for free speech, has fairly lax moderation policies. And that's what makes it attractive to pornographers.
Keeping America Nekked
According to The Washington Post, adult businesses, including escort services and online sex shops, have flocked to Parler using hashtags like #keepamericasexy and #milfsfortrump2020. Recently, anyone on Parler who followed the hashtag #sexytrumpgirl was treated to pictures of topless women and links to hardcore porn that would bombard users with incredible speed and frequency.
Parler's Chief Policy Officer, Amy Peikoff (Photo: Twitter)
In a conversation with The Post, Parler's Chief Policy Officer Amy Peikoff defended the manner in which the company moderates content.
"Broadly, our whole guiding principle is that we want to allow everything that the First Amendment protects as speech, and nothing that it doesn't," Peikoff said.
Henry Farid, a University of California at Berkeley computer science professor, told The Post that Parler's failure to moderate content is reason for concern. "When you say, 'We don't moderate content,' you are inviting this content," said Farid, who has helped develop image-detection technology used by social media sites. "My prediction is they will be overrun with this stuff."
There was a time when Parler banned pornography, but then it made changes to its terms of service that basically allowed anything legal to appear on its site. The problem is that Parler doesn't have an automated system to moderate posting, nor does it even have paid employees to filter incoming content. In fact, Parler uses outsourced volunteers to do the moderating, but the volunteers deem content to be objectionable only after it's been flagged by other users.
"[Parler's] systems and policies have given wide latitude for images of adult nudity and sexual behavior," a Washington Post review found. "A variety of pornography is easy to find on the site, using both search terms that are explicitly pornographic and others that are not."
In other words, it isn't just the on-the-nose hashtags like #sexytrumpgirl that have led Parler users to pornography. There are also less obvious ones like #trump2020 and #wwg1wga, which stands for "where we go one, we go all," the rallying cry for QAnon. In case you're not familiar, QAnon is a conspiracy theory claiming that America is run by a cabal of top Democrats and celebrities, who also happen to be Satan worshippers, pedophiles, and child sex traffickers. The hashtag #sextrafficking has also appeared on Parler – and, yes, it takes users straight to porn.
While adult pornography is constitutionally protected free speech, sexually explicit imagery on Parler could offend users who are not looking for that material, and it could also affect any plans that Parler has to expand its advertising. The Post points out that major companies typically don't want their ads to appear alongside "controversial imagery."
Parler Chief Operating Officer Jeffrey Wernick told The Post that he didn't know much about the pornography that appeared on his site. However, he did say he'd investigate.
"I don't look for that content, so why should I know it exists?" Wernick said, adding that pornography would certainly be of concern to Parler. "We don't want to be spammed with pornographic content."
Parler Porn Content — Sources
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"That's my job. Now, try to enjoy this weather. It may not last. We should go to market tomorrow after we milk the cows. Then we have the whole day to do absolutely nothing but this." Jack kissed Sam.
Spring's warm, sunny weather presided for the remaining days of the week. Jack kept Sam preoccupied with the beauty of nature surrounding them. They made frequent visits to the knoll, to watch puffy clouds float across the sky. They fantasized dancing from cloud to cloud to go back to the land where Sam was born. They watched birds building nests amongst the pink blossoms billowing in the blooming cherry tree near the house. In the evening, they sat on the front porch, and watched the brilliant orange, scarlet, and pink of the sunset fade into the starry nights.
When Zeke and Adam returned from town on Monday, the bean seeds had sprouted into young beansprouts. Since the soil had become dry, they irrigated the fields with the water from the pond.
But by mid-week the weather had taken a turn for the worse. The spring's door of warmth and passion slammed shut. Black murderous clouds blocked the sun's glow. Falling back into the grips of winter, a late spring snowstorm smothered and decimated the tender beansprouts. Disaster hit the farm. The entre bean crop was lost.
The night of the blizzard, Sam tossed and turned until he screamed in his sleep, waking Jack. He had a deathly dream about his father, more vivid than any previously.
"What if they can't? What if no one can go to the castle and get meat?" Sam's dark hysteria reflected the weather outside.
"You have to have faith that your brothers are able to go to the castle and get the food." Jack held Sam tightly, attempting to calm him, but he was concerned about the storm raging outside. He worried for Sam and the crops.
Neither Jack nor Sam slept well for the remaining night.
Jack surmised the situation after the snow melted. The milk from the cows would suffice to trade for feed for the animals and food for everyone. If it were not for Pearly White and the other cows, the farm would be meant for ruin. The chicken would not give any more golden eggs without feeding her the prized seeds from the magical beanstalk and those few seeds had to be saved. The men worked extra hard to till the land to plant the remaining crops for grain to feed the animals for the next winter. Jack made a schedule for going to market to trade the milk for food and supplies. Jack and Zeke went on Mondays and Fridays. Sam and Adam went on Thursdays and Saturdays. Lorene cooked and cleaned when she was able. Jack and Sam assisted her when they had time. Sundays were the only days for rest. The whole adopted family contributed cooking big Sunday dinners celebrating their survival.
Sam's nightmares of an ailment crippling his father haunted him for the next few nights. He feared his father would die if he could not find a way to go back home, high up in the sky. Withdrawn and quiet during the day, Sam hid his worries like a turtle retreating into its shell when approached by danger. In this case, the fear was death, his father's.
Sam's misery made Jack despondent. He pondered ways to take Sam to the land high above obsessively, but could never find a solution. He continuously brooded over why planting the seeds from the giant magical beanstalk had not grown to climb as the one from the magical seeds. Why did they only spread across the land for hundreds of yards? There must be a way he could get Sam back to his home.
The next Thursday, Sam and Adam hauled the milk to market as planned. They hauled, and hauled, and hauled the wagon. They traded their milk for the supplies they needed. Upon returning home, they rode, and rode, and rode in the wagon very far, until Sam spotted an old, peculiar man dressed only in a red bikini. He remembered the story about a similar man Jack had mentioned when he had traded Pearly White for five magical beans.
Adam pulled the reins on the horses. The horses stopped.
"Let me talk to this man." Sam jumped off the wagon.
"But he's nothing but an old man swindling naive people," Adam protested.
"I'll be brief. I won't give him anything." Sam approached the man.
"Well, hello, Sam. You are a very handsome, wise man, I can tell by your beautiful green eyes." The peculiar man slipped two fingers down his red bikini underwear, and played with his balls.
"Ah, unfortunately, I am all out of those. I would need seeds from that magical beanstalk and, perhaps, something gold, like an egg. Do you have something to trade me today?" He played with his balls again, waiting for an answer.
Sam leaned closer, and whispered in the peculiar man's ear. "Not today, but next Saturday I can bring the seeds and a golden egg." He heard Adam calling.
"Marvelous, Sam. You are a shrewd man. I can tell. I'll meet you here at the same time. Don't be late. There is something you must do in order for the seeds I give you to be magical. You must keep our trade a secret.


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text:
by Bundlo: Products Bundle Products Bundle September 24, 2019
The Origin of the Vines.
In order to know where we are going, we need to know where we came from.
South Africa has a rich and diverse history which has blended into our hearts that our differences make us unique and strong. As we share a brief history of the vines with you, we like to look at each variety, in the same way, celebrating differences.
Starting back in 1655 the first Vineyard was planted, and four years later Jan van Riebeeck made the very first wine. This lead to many of the farms and area's we know today, like Stellenbosch, which was founded in 1679.
Simon van der Stel first planted Constantia vines in 1965, and by 1688 the French Huguenots settled in a valley which we now know as Franschoek.
By the mid-1700s, Constantia had become famous in Europe for the sweet wine they produced, even Jane Austen and Napoleon are recorded enjoying it.
By 1886, the tragic decimation of South African Wines was seen and Phylloxera was detected.
The recovery took a while and motivated the first co-op winery to be established in 1906 in Tulbagh. Shortly hereafter, KWV was established, becoming South Africa Wine Farmers Association with legislative powers and industry control.
By 1925 the very talented Stellenbosch University's Professor, Abraham Perold, crossed Pinot Noir and Hermitage (Cinsaut) to produce Pinotage.
The first Pinotage sold commercially was under the Lanzerac label in 1961.
This momentum continued in the South African wine industry, after which Lieberstein broke the world record with 31-million litres sold in 1964.
By 1971 the first wine route was established, which still exists, foundering Delheim, Simonsig and Spier.
The first vintage of Kanonkop wines under Kanonkop labels was in 1973, and 7 years later the first Platter's South African Wine Guide was released.
Hemel-en-Aarde Valley created its first wine by 1981, and Meerlust Estate launched the first of many iconic red blends, known as the Rubicon.
1991 was the first national bottled wine show, which is now known as the Veritas rewards, Two years hereafter, the first consumer WINE magazine was launched.
Much has happened after this date, and we continue to grow and learn. The lesson we have seen numerous times is to keep moving forward despite any obstacles.
Happy Heritage day.
Back to Rosendal Blog


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text:
module Rack
  module Cargo
    module RequestValidator
      REQUIRED_KEYS = [
        REQUEST_PATH,
        REQUEST_METHOD,
        REQUEST_BODY
      ].freeze

      def self.valid?(requests)
        return unless requests

        requests.all? do |request|
          REQUIRED_KEYS.all? { |key| request.key?(key) }
        end
      end
    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
What makes a 'good' country?
Posted on April 3, 2013 by Chris Goan
Michaela and I have spent quite a few hours sitting looking morosely into cups of tea, talking about the state of our country, and in particular, our government.
For those reading this outside the UK we currently have a concoction of two different parties governing our country, but the 'crisis culture' that has been bred by all the economic doom and gloom has allowed the Conservative party to bring about sweeping changes to our benefits system, or health system and our education system, whilst cutting taxation for people earning over £150,000 per annum by 5%. Much of what they have done has a direct impact on the poorest section of our population, and feels to some of us like an abomination.
For example, people who live in social housing, supported by housing benefit (which includes a high proportion of people who are disabled, sick, have mental health problems, or single parent families) will now be faced with losing money, or being forced to move home. If tenants are deemed to have one spare room, the amount of rent eligible for housing benefit will be cut by 14%. If they have two or more spare rooms, the cut will be 25%. Leaving aside the negative effect this will have on all sorts of aspect of peoples lives, the simple fact is that there are no one bedroom flats to move in to for many people! Unfair, unjust changes like this are justified by this government by two things- a tabloid-like blame-the-poor attitude, and a constant reference to global ecnonomics.
All of which takes me back to the point of this piece- what sort of country would you want to live in?
I started making a list of the things I would NOT want to see in my country;
1. A large (and widening) gap between the 'haves' and the 'have-nots'- enforced by law, tradition and the use of power.
In the UK, we have a remarkably stable upper echelon. People with money and power tend to be the children of other people with money and power. There appears to be evidence that this was reducing somewhat- at least in part because since WWII we had 40-50 years of political hegemony around the issue of equality- of opportunity, of health care of access to education. Power was taken by working people in the form of organised unions, and greater access to higher education gave people from poor backgrounds knowledge and skills they had never had before.
However, the UK egalitarian experiment was in many ways a very British one- it was not revolution, it was bureaucratic evolution. Progress was statistical, and statistics are always open to manipulation.
Along the way, we all became middle class consumers. The working class disappeared with the shipyards and the coal mines, leaving behind a broken underclass who were seen only as a threat, a burden, an expensive waste of resources.
And at the same time, the overarching idealistic imperative towards equality was allowed to slip away. We no longer talk about it. And many of the key elements of it are starting to killed one by one. Universal non-stigmatising benefits? All but gone. Free education, supported by a fair grant system to support people through universities? Gone. Universal health care from the cradle to the grave? Under threat from privatisation. Etc.
We may (and often do) argue about the nuts and bolts of all this- but the central over arching question- is our society becoming more equal, or more divided- has slipped off the agenda almost entirely.
2. A society where the rule of law is manipulated or ignored by the people in power, for their own ends, either at home or abroad.
Our comfort with this one in the UK seems to ebb and flow. In many ways, we might see our justice system, and our sense of 'fair play' as essentially British. The fact that we are outraged when fairness is transcended is a sign of this.
However, many would argue that the assumption of British fair play has always been a canard. The Empire was not a selfless project to civilise the world with cricket and people wearing wigs- it was a means to exploit, to subjugate, to enslave even.
At home, the interplay between power and the law is a complex one, and something that requires constant scrutiny at the same time as people in power would keep secrets.
For which you need a free press, and open government.
So, a mixed bag this- we have some movements towards open government, at the same time as the press shoot themselves in the foot with all sorts of bad practices.
There have been some changes too to the way our system works- talk of jury-less trials, and the removal of legal aid from other aspects of law (for example, benefits appeals.) These things need to be resisted.
3. Individual citizens are not of equal value- most are expendable in the interests of those who are in power.
All animals are equal, but some are more equal than others.
All sorts of things can be used to excuse this kind of thinking- ideology, religion, economics, war against a common enemy (real or conjured up.)
At some points of our history, the UK has seen its citizens as cannon fodder, or an industrial resource. Currently it is not possible to do this openly thank God.
However, I have heard it said that the measure of a good society should be how we treat our prisoners, our poor people, our elderly, sick and infirm. This should be the first job of government- to govern on behalf of the weak, not the strong. The strong can look after themselves, the weak need to be empowered so that they can do the same.
If this is true, the UK has been doing poorly recently.
4. Freedom is waved like a flag, but defined against others, not inclusive of them.
I do not want to be part of a country still caught up in empire lust. However, even without military expansion, nuclear weapons and invasion of other countries, empire can still be a weight upon our nationhood.
We talk about freedom as some kind of inalienable human right- usually hand in hand with democracy and capitalism. Freedom is understood as 'the right to live in the way that we are living' with as little interference as possible in the form of taxation, regulation, or imposition by others.
However, this kind of freedom requires examination- particularly when it comes at huge cost to others- when it is based on unsustainable, inequitable trade relationships with poor countries, where it is destroying our environment.
Freedom-to also equally becomes freedom-from. We are free because we are not like you. Perhaps this is sometimes true- there are some despotic places out there. However, when this kind of freedom starts to exclude people in terms of colour, origin, religion, gender, sex- then it is no freedom at all.
5. Patriotism becomes nationalism becomes excluisivism, and it ticks like a historical time bomb.
I can think of nothing good that ever came out of nationalism- measured in terms of human dignity and grace. I say this as an outsider living in a country that is considering full independence from the wider UK. Perhaps this might be the project that proves me wrong but I see warning signs to the contrary- the easy negative stereotyping of the other, the co-opting of war stories that justify us against you, the distortion of history to cast ourselves as victims/heroes and the other as oppressors/villains.
In this kind of soil poisonous things grow.
The Bible struggles with all of this- it can be read as the story of a succession of empires as they rise and fall- eventually to be challenged by a totally different kind of Empire, called 'the Kingdom of God', in which the the rules are turned upside down- the first become the last, the poor are our conscience and love is our currency.
Patriotism belongs to empire- it has no place in the Kingdom of God.
I am British- somewhere inside. I find this difficult to define- as an English/Irishman living in Scotland. I am grateful for the gentle green climate of these beautiful islands, and for the slow pragmatic evolution of our welfare state.
But (in the words of many a school report) we could be doing better…
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged bedroom tax, Capitalism, Conservative, David Cameron, equality, Government, Government of the United Kingdom, patriotism, politics, welfare state by Chris Goan. Bookmark the permalink.
2 thoughts on "What makes a 'good' country?"
Lomond Handley on April 3, 2013 at 5:29 pm said:
There are a number of qualities which contribute towards making a good country.
These include good leaders, good examples and good governments.
Good education is also helpful and it doesn't have to be a 'classical education'.
Look at some of the wonderful artists who have left their creative legacies to the world. Ditto, composers, artists, sculptures and musicians.
Children and adults should be taught skills, if they show aptitudes or want to learn subjects, crafts, trades, or professions.
We also need good teachers.
All learning is important and whatever skill a person is blessed with, is just as precious as that of anyone else's, if it brings pleasure or helps others.
Good common sense is a quality which isn't always encouraged nor valued.
Compassion is a quality that should be nurtured and cherished.
There are so many qualities which go towards making a good country and I don't honestly know whether or not such a country exists, because the greed and selfishness of humans, regardless of where they live, helps to blight their respective countries, or those where they move to.
I could write until far into the night with my views to that very searching question.
Lomond Handley
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