text:
How Do Manufacturing Industries Help Agriculture
But, what do bio-based products mean for the companies that manufacture those items? They Let Brands Alter the Ingredients Used. 4%, according to the the OECD. The manufacture of heavy machinery for the agricultural, construction, mining, and oil industries contributes significantly to the local economy. Industry & Resources Agriculture. Education Resume Examples If you are looking for a job as an educator, you need a quality education resume to help you stand out. The 2018 Farm Bill removes industrial hemp from regulation under the. In the late 1980s, most manufacturing industries relied on agricultural products for raw materials and machinery, and as a result, the problems plaguing the agriculture sector hampered both production and marketing in manufacturing. This includes all refined metals and minerals dirrived from extracted ores. Alexander Hamilton's Manufacturing Message. development. The next book in Microsoft's The Future Computed series provides an in-depth look at how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the manufacturing sector and offers a timely look at how society can respond to some of the challenges AI creates, and the need to develop new laws and regulations to address workforce disruption and develop AI in an. Ruralco Property arming vendors with industry-first technology to help deliver enhanced levels of insight for buyers Partnership between Ruralco and rural tech company, DAS, delivers first tech dedicated to rural property. For all tools and resources visit the Industrial Energy Management Information Center. ON-SITE ENVIRONMENTAL EXPERT. Agriculture and Food Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) Certification Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) certification from SGS ensures the integrity of your food manufacturing process as well as your compliance with food safety regulations. Covers retail and processing operations in the state of Georgia. These advantages include flexibility, being closer to their customers, better and timelier information, more motivated managers and employees, and the ability to take advantage of low labor costs in different areas. Of course, the demand for industrial products largely depends on farm income. Planning should maximize your operational capacity but not exceed it. This process, also known as the "Waltham-Lowell System" reduced the cost of cotton. From small beginnings building agricultural tipping trailers in 1945, to the global force in manufacturing the company has become today. Manufacturing Industry. Automotive industry, all those companies and activities involved in the manufacture of motor vehicles, including most components, such as engines and bodies, but excluding tires, batteries, and fuel. The majority of businesses in the United States by 1832 were in the textile industry. Urban agriculture in addition can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agro-forestry and horticulture. Mining and manufacturing that is innovative, productive, competitive and sustainable is vital to Australia's current and future prosperity. The mission of the Department of Community and Economic Development (DCED) is to foster opportunities for businesses to grow and for communities to succeed and thrive in a global economy. Economists divide all economic activity into two broad categories, goods and services. Agriculture plays a fundamental role in fulfilling many of humanity's basic needs: food, feed, energy. 5 billion more people in the world by 2050, agricultural output will have to double. We needed information on certain businesses in a market with addresses and phone numbers. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks. CIS looks at industry trends and financial information, such as GDP, Labour Productivity, Manufacturing and Trade data. Browns of Leighton Buzzard have been manufacturing agricultural equipment since 1830. Plus many utility companies are planning to restrict power usage for growing facilities due to their inability to meet the demand. Ill heath in the farming community can in turn reduce agricultural productivity and the ability to develop and deploy appropriate AKST. biofuel industry sources said on Thursday they were concerned that an impeachment inquiry against President Donald Trump could delay a pending deal on biofuels policy that is meant to boost demand for corn-based ethanol and biodiesel. Throughout your agriculture degree you'll develop a wide mix of technical skills and knowledge, including land use, farming practice and food production, as well as an understanding of the scientific, ethical and business principles that underpin the agricultural industry. By putting out cheaper cotton, Lowell's company quickly became successful. 26 articles on "Food and Agriculture Issues" and 4 related issues: East Africa Food. Third, the destructive effect of NAFTA on the Mexican agricultural and small business sectors dislocated several million Mexican workers and their families, and was a major cause in the dramatic increase in undocumented workers flowing into the U. Ill heath in the farming community can in turn reduce agricultural productivity and the ability to develop and deploy appropriate AKST. What are the average salary ranges for jobs in the Manufacturing? There are 746 jobs in Manufacturing category. The exploding population around the globe has thrown in many challenges to agriculture and food production. Increasing manufacturing output. Ventura has over 6,800 acres designated as agricultural land, and the industry employs about 500 people. As we discussed in our previous article on the food industry, food manufacturing can be separated into two stages: primary food processing and secondary food processing. 5 billion, and the net farm income exceeded $679 million. Serving the Agricultural, Fertilizer & Agchemical industries including complete systems, equipment, supplies and parts. Small-scale farming is a natural outgrowth of sustainable agriculture, which is essentially agriculture that produces abundant food without depleting the earth's resources or polluting its environment. The dominant agriculture companies are revealed as we rank the 11 biggest agricultural companies in the world. Major Employers. For more on drones in agriculture and seven other industries, see PwC's comprehensive report. For instance, Southland is a place where crop production is highly affected by very moist weather. Hemp Cultivation and Production Facility Information. MoneyCapital D. In the words of Bryan Welsh, our manufacturing industry group leader, "Plante Moran's core principle —to be a caring, professional services firm deeply committed to our clients' success — is a guidepost that motivates me daily. com , GotCast. One way that bio-based products are already helping the manufacturing industry is by giving brands more options when they choose ingredients to use for their products. We represent manufacturers of specialized agricultural equipment, their suppliers, and their distributors. In the EU and US, agriculture is the most heavily subsidised industry, yet despite the cost of the subsidy it fails to address many issues relating to agriculture. Agriculture plays a vital role in Maryland's highly diversified economy. Operating in more than 90 countries, DuPont's corporate and head office are situated in Gurgaon, Haryana. These include jobs in companies supplying goods and services to the industry. From photography to agriculture drones are everywhere and today we're going to take a look at the best agricultural drones out in 2017. 6% of our total overseas trade in the year to June 2015 and employed over 141,400 people or over 6% of our total workforce. The iron and textile industries,. The ecological and social price of factory farms is: erosion, deforestation,. The impact of industry on agriculture as follows: (a) It regularly supplies scientific tools and equipment's like tractors, harvesters, pump-sets chemical fertilizers etc. Smart manufacturing has been defined as the fully-integrated, collaborative manufacturing systems that respond in real time to meet changing demands and conditions in the factory, in the supply network, and in customer needs. Direct-to-Consumer Tech Device Producer. Smaller sources of agricultural emissions include CO 2 from liming and urea application, CH 4 from rice cultivation, and burning crop residues, which produces CH 4 and N 2 O. economy? At first glance, the numbers seem to paint a bleak picture for the health of the manufacturing sector. Manufacturing and Industry Economically healthy businesses and industries with minimal environmental impact on communities should be encouraged. The group petitions for fair and equal treatment of industrial hemp. Material handling and assembly are among the leading applications poised for growth within the robotics industry. Use of the 'Make in India' logo is strictly prohibited without permission of DIPP. This includes all foods, chemicals, textiles, machines, and equipment. West Thursday, June 2, 2016. Small-scale farming is a natural outgrowth of sustainable agriculture, which is essentially agriculture that produces abundant food without depleting the earth's resources or polluting its environment. Agriculture is the production of food and goods by means of forestry, farming, utilizing machinery, irrigation systems, and fertilization. That's one reason some manufacturers prefer to remain in America. Hemp Cultivation and Production Facility Information. Although only 5% of unauthorized immigrant workers are employed in agriculture, that is more than double the share of U. The result was that goods from Europe were more expensive. In 2018 there were 3. From field computers to sprayer and planter controls, GPS guidance steering systems, and wireless technology, Raven provides precision agriculture products designed to reduce operating costs and improve yields. com , GotCast. On this B2B Marketplace, Buyers and Sellers find a wide range of Agricultural Products, Agriculture Equipment, Farming Accessories, etc. 9% per year compared to 2. As such, the growth of the manufacturing industry improves the upgrading and diversification in the agricultural sector, as well as drives demand for higher value-added services. Manufacturing engineers work in a wide range of industries, including oil, food and drinks, plastics. For instance, Southland is a place where crop production is highly affected by very moist weather. The industry is the largest of its kind in Africa. What do they do? handle media relations, issue press releases, respond to negative press, and arrange for coverage of positive developments and important legislative issues. Moreover industries are generally associated with agriculture and provide subsidiary employment in rural areas. The second agricultural revolution initiated the beginning of the evolution of economy. Industrial process controls and other automation technologies enable end-users to maximize the productivity of their equipment. Encouraging women to take an interest in the trade can help reduce the gap and increase diversity in the industry. Accounting for about one-third of all end-use energy in the United States, the industrial sector consumes more energy than any other sector. Most of the time, when agriculture perpetrates its crimes, it isn't even contributing to feeding the ever-increasing world population. The turnaround time for test results may vary, depending on demand. Top 40+ Low Cost Agriculture Business Ideas for Villages in 2020. Knowing the differences between manufacturing and service jobs will help you better understand how the U. Students, parents, and educators can use Career Clusters to help focus education plans towards obtaining the necessary knowledge, competencies, and training for success in a particular career pathway. For the past two years, the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture has administered an Industrial Hemp Research Pilot Program, legitimized by the 2014 Farm Bill and authorized in Pennsylvania statute by the Industrial Hemp Research Act of Jul. Entrepreneurs organized a number of manufacturing households into a single enterprise through the putting-out system. "Made in China 2025" is different in multiple respects: 1) It focuses on the entire manufacturing process and not just innovation; 2) It promotes the development of not only advanced industries, but traditional industries and modern services; 3) There is still a focus on state involvement, but market mechanisms are more prominent than in SEI. But industrial agriculture is a special case: it damages the soil, water, and even the climate on an unprecedented scale. Information and services to help you start, operate and grow a food and beverage business in Ontario, Canada. In the specific-factor model, if the wage in the agricultural sector is lower than the wages in the manufacturing sector, them labour will migrate to the manufacturing sector. Although the agriculture industry has grown at a steady rate, its share in the national economy has decreased due to a lower growth rate. Automation. After gathering wild grains. Many religions and cultures celebrate various aspects of food and agriculture due to the importance in our continuity. Mayville Engineering, contract manufacturing company provides parts and equipment and engineered products, coating capabilities and tube bending specialties. A better approach for those manufacturing companies is to discover and develop these new business models, creating new markets along the way. Capital Investment Needs. Along the way he's learned an awful lot about financing companies. Government funds research for government agencies to help empower U. If you are offered a job in New Zealand which appears on a skill shortage list and you have the qualifications and experience to match, getting a work and residence visa will be easier. Types of Agriculture. com is the leading product sourcing and supplier discovery platform for procurement professionals, engineers, plant & facility management and business owners seeking trusted suppliers for MRO, OEM and other products/services for their industrial, manufacturing, commercial and institutional businesses. Nursery, forestry and aquaculture operations are eligible. Operations Management in Manufacturing Like PowerSki, all manufacturers set out to perform the same basic function: to transform resources into finished goods. This is for meat production. What Does a Manufacturing Engineer Do? Manufacturing engineers are a vital part of the marketplace and the products we use on a daily basis. Competitive Landscape. Farming, forestry, and fishing also provide raw materials for other industries. Main Page - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) - US Census Bureau. If you are in one of the categories listed above and do want your crop inspected and tested, please contact us at 615-837-5137. Contact a HUB advisor in your industry of interest today to get a quote. The main point of contrast between agriculture and manufacturing industries is that though both are amenable to large-scale production, the scope of such operations is very much smaller in agriculture than in manufacture. Those who are self-employed, particularly farmers, fishers, and agricultural managers, must provide for their own health insurance and plan for their own retirements above and beyond Social Security. Of course, the demand for industrial products largely depends on farm income. Our b2b databases will also give you access to a list of U. Industry definition is - manufacturing activity as a whole. I've done it enough that I've gotten pretty good at it. Through proactive management, user-friendly products, and stable support, Kubota has been a leader in the global agriculture and water-related industries. dropped from over 17 million in 2000 to just over 12 million in 2015. Florida agriculture involves a variety of agronomic crops, ranging from peanuts, sugarcane and small grains to cattle forages and cotton. 3 million battery electric vehicles on the streets worldwide. The truth is that most of these degrees do not help make you a better cosmetic scientist. The UF/IFAS Extension program addresses production of all these crops and offers a wealth of information on management of terrestrial and aquatic weeds. A better approach for those manufacturing companies is to discover and develop these new business models, creating new markets along the way. (primary, Secondary and tertiary treatment should be done) Rain water harvesting should be practiced to reduce the ground water pollution and water scarcity. The walls of farms and slaughterhouses prevent consumers from seeing what the production of their food really looks like. The best source for high-quality hex nuts, weld nuts, pipe plugs and other industrial fasteners, Decker has been leading the industry for more than 85 years. These jobs are found in a factory, plant, or mill. List of Companies to Sell Aloe Vera Plant in India: If you are having Aloe Vera Farm and if you are in a situation where you do not know which companies buy Aloe Plants, then this information will help you. Most people worked in land based industries - farming and agriculture. The CEO of Siemens Water Technologies has laid out a handful of steps to help manufacturing facilities measure, manage and reduce the water consumed in daily operations. Agriculture : Agriculture And Agricultural Science - Agriculture is the refinement of animals, plants, fungi, and other life practices for food, fiber, biofuel, medicinal and other harvests used to endure and develop human life. Minister of Trade and Industry Dr Rob Davies launched a R1bn Yekani ICT electronics manufacturing factory in the East London Special Economic Zone (ELIDZ) on 5 June 2018. Contribution-oftheCivil-War B. Manufacturing is a massive and far-reaching industry that contains dozens of sub-divisions and hundreds of jobs types at all experience and skill levels. Dongil Industries Co. Do you enjoy working with animals? Are you interested in protecting the environment? Agriculture, food, and natural resources workers produce agricultural goods. Dow Jones, a News Corp company News Corp is a network of leading companies in the worlds of diversified media, news, education, and. Its complexities are the result of long-term social. The construction industry is constantly growing; write an eye-catching construction resume today. Contract Laboratory is the first and leading platform for expediting laboratory testing and scientific research. Among the industries affected: manufacturing, medical devices, farming. In total, Florida is home to over 19,000 manufacturers employing more than 331,000 workers. Workers in the food manufacturing industry link farmers and other agricultural producers with consumers. Get an answer for 'How did technology change US agriculture in the period 1865-1900? How did technology change US agriculture in the period 1865-1900?' and find homework help for other History. It is my heart burning desire to visit Denmark for a free short training,please help if. In terms of output growth, manufacturing continues to outperform agriculture in both advanced and developing economies, because the share of manufacturing in the total economy is shrinking everywhere. Welcome to the New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets Website. Sustainable agriculture is the rejection of the industrial approach to food production (aka factory farms). T&C wages are higher than in several other manufacturing industries (dairy, wood processing, leather etc) but are half the average manufacturing wage, suggesting that textiles and clothing is a first step up the value-added industrialisation ladder beyond agriculture but before many other manufacturing and services activities. Since items were cheaper and quicker to produce, the supply grew. Learn more here. Manufacture helps agriculture by providing the sector with the power tools, hybrid seeds, agriculture vehicles etc. com , GotCast. Five Basic Steps to Finance Your Project. The Department is also working with manufacturers to increase their energy productivity by implementing energy efficiency measures. formal sector. You move from a free market system where scarcity controls pricing mechanisms and availability dictates failure to one where the government props up companies to help them survive. By being able to grow. The distinction between agriculture and industry can be subtle in contemporary developed countries, particularly in the United States. Urban agriculture in addition can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agro-forestry and horticulture. And yet, over the years, innovation in industrial manufacturing has had an enormous impact on society. today, making it second only to Japan. Hi I am not in nepal at present but I have land in tarai and my ancestor did farming and still my brother is engaged on it. Agriculture plays a critical role in the entire life of a given economy. biofuel industry sources said on Thursday they were concerned that an impeachment inquiry against President Donald Trump could delay a pending deal on biofuels policy that is meant to boost demand for corn-based ethanol and biodiesel. The other 18% comes from crops. Dozens of manufacturing companies testified about how Trump's trade war with China could affect them - here's what they said. The organic standards describe the specific requirements that must be verified by a USDA-accredited certifying agent before products can be labeled USDA organic. Learn about Montana's agriculture industry from the Montana Department of Agriculture (MDA). com is the leading product sourcing and supplier discovery platform for procurement professionals, engineers, plant & facility management and business owners seeking trusted suppliers for MRO, OEM and other products/services for their industrial, manufacturing, commercial and institutional businesses. Climate change and the dairy industry Extensive research is being undertaken by a number of organisations into climate change and its effects upon the dairy industry. How the Manufacturing Sector Can Curtail Its Greenhouse Gas Emissions Representatives from governments around the world have gathered in Copenhagen, Denmark, to address climate change. The Georgia Department of Agriculture administers a variety of programs which all have a primary goal - to maintain the state's viable farm industry and protect the consuming public. For the past two years, the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture has administered an Industrial Hemp Research Pilot Program, legitimized by the 2014 Farm Bill and authorized in Pennsylvania statute by the Industrial Hemp Research Act of Jul. It's fast becoming clear that drone technology has the potential to revolutionize the way we do plenty of things. Contact a HUB advisor in your industry of interest today to get a quote. You might work on a farm, ranch, dairy, orchard, greenhouse, or plant nursery. This came through many successive rapid advances in technology, such as the development of steam power and the production of steel and coal. The meat industry depends, more than anything else, on walls. The 2018 Farm Bill removes industrial hemp from regulation under the. Virginia's economy was based on agriculture. From 2009 to 2010, loans to the manufacturing sector decreased by 13. And yet, over the years, innovation in industrial manufacturing has had an enormous impact on society. 4%, according to the the OECD. Jun 26, 2017 · Brexit could destroy the UK's food and farming industry - or be the making of it Felicity Lawrence Leaving the EU is a chance to reform the biggest sector of Britain's economy. Providing Global Talent Solutions in Agriculture and Food. Impact Washington has a 20 year history of creating measurable impacts for manufacturers with an array of consulting and training services. Even where natural resources are ample, people suffer from chronic malnourishment because they lack access to agricultural financing, quality seed and fertilizer, competitive crop distribution channels. AR will also be used extensively in many areas in the manufacturing industry. Industrial Revolution Research. With help from USAID, more than 1,000 women are working in nurseries across southwestern Ethiopia to produce high-quality coffee seedlings. 44 in the 3 Q 2019, a new Industry high. Project Manager Kallin Kurtz said: "This project transformed our manufacturing engineering mindset. The science, art, and business of cultivating soil, producing crops, and raising livestock; farming. T&C wages are higher than in several other manufacturing industries (dairy, wood processing, leather etc) but are half the average manufacturing wage, suggesting that textiles and clothing is a first step up the value-added industrialisation ladder beyond agriculture but before many other manufacturing and services activities. The exodus of Haiti's rural population to its major cities, coupled with a lack of agricultural capitalization, has hindered the development of food crops. Of Maryland's over 6 million acres of total land area, nearly 2 million acres are farmland. development. 7 percent share. Importance of Manufacturing. The dynamism of the economy shifted firmly from agriculture to industry and trade. Apart from this, manufacturing industries also reduce the heavy dependence of people on agricultural income. Simplifying the way you find new suppliers and get manufacturing quotes. Wil has started 8 companies in the past 17 years, from startups to companies that are now public with over $2 billion in sales. Bringing cotton production in line with even minimally acceptable environmental standards is a challenging task. USAID has opened new markets to Afghan goods by helping farmers meet international packaging and shipping standards and by organizing international agricultural trade fairs. Measures to Control of Environmental Degradation Minimising the use of water and treating the water before discharging it in river and ponds. The use of both. Top 40+ Low Cost Agriculture Business Ideas for Villages in 2020. Yet as the North Carolina economy continues to transition from an agricultural economy to a manufacturing and, increasingly, service-based economy, the industry faces new challenges, both at. Light manufacturing can offer a viable solution for Sub-Saharan Africa, given its potential competitiveness that is based on low wage costs and an abundance of natural resources that supply raw materials needed for industries. The technology promises to enable digital infrastructure to help streamline operations, which will lead to an improvement in business output. Forbes is a global media company, focusing on business, investing, technology, entrepreneurship, leadership, and lifestyle. Textile Manufacturing. This transformational process can be physical, chemical or mechanical in nature. Prior to the Industrial Revolution, which began in Britain in the late 1700s, manufacturing was often done in people's homes, using hand tools or basic machines. Which Are the Biggest Industries in France? The biggest industries in France include energy, technology, agriculture, and tourism. Together with fisheries and related industries they generated 44. Small Manufacturing Business Ideas Manufacturing of Paper. The iron and textile industries,. 2 million farms, covering an area of 922 million acres (3,730,000 km 2), an average of 418 acres (169 hectares) per farm. Federal law requires manufacturers and importers to test many consumer products for compliance with consumer product safety requirements. The impact of industry on agriculture as follows: (a) It regularly supplies scientific tools and equipment's like tractors, harvesters, pump-sets chemical fertilizers etc. The state's industry is easy to summarize this way: agriculture first, followed by travel and tourism, timber and mining. Assembly robots are especially common in industries that use lean manufacturing processes. In the late 1980s, most manufacturing industries relied on agricultural products for raw materials and machinery, and as a result, the problems plaguing the agriculture sector hampered both production and marketing in manufacturing. 9% from 2019 to 2025. 5 Ways Augmented Reality in Manufacturing Will Revolutionize The. Industrial process controls and other automation technologies enable end-users to maximize the productivity of their equipment. We are proud of the relationships and expertise we have developed over this time and have paired it with proven technologies like ultrasonic splicing, braiding and automated testing. Synonym Discussion of industry. USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service Topics Careers. Victoria's agricultural industries cover 11 million hectares. According to PolitiFact , it contributed $105 billion to Ohio's total economic output of $898. The largest of these are food service and food manufacturing. All of which puts the state's agricultural economy in a different light: Based upon its direct value-added contribution, the food and beverage processing sector is the third largest manufacturing sector in California, comprising 9. I'm looking for info on how to make 1:1:1 organic fertilizer granules in a pan pls help me out need to know what binding material to use the product density in microns and best placing of sprayers on the pan for the granules aswell as pan angle and speed I thank u have a blessed day. How SourceTrace achieved profitability by pivoting from financial services to sustainable agriculture. Key government sources for industry specific statistics on the agriculture industry include: Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). agriculture sector extends beyond the farm business to include a range of farm-related industries. The future of Afghanistan's agricultural sector depends on expanding the customer base beyond Afghanistan's borders. A manufacturing business is devoted to the production of tangible objects that are high in quality and competitive in cost, meet customers' expectations for performance, and are delivered in a timely manner. Before sharing sensitive information online, make sure you're on a. By putting out cheaper cotton, Lowell's company quickly became successful. After gathering wild grains. Today this still remains its core mission, but it's integrated in a more complex than ever mechanism driven by multiple sociological, economic and environmental forces. Some functions of this site are disabled for browsers blocking jQuery. Agriculture is the science and art of cultivating plants and livestock. the South has moved from primarily agricultural production to manufacturing and service industries How did air conditioning and irrigation change the population of the West? Which of the five themes apply to this situation?. This allows for finely-tuned applications that meet the exact needs of each acre. Technology and skills are being transferred to smallholder farmers and the large-scale producers are cooperating, playing a fair game that will help develop the sector and make it more sustainable. The paper assesses the state of manufacturing, key actors in the manufacturing space and factors that affect manufacturing positively and negatively; analyses the informal manufacturing sector; and closes by. economy? At first glance, the numbers seem to paint a bleak picture for the health of the manufacturing sector. There are three types, depending on the purpose: the glassine type for direct coating with silicone, the wood-free type for polylaminated silicone, and the clay-coated type, a wood-free type for direct coating with silicone. will help USA manufacturing or USA jobs, is like believing you can. But industrial agriculture is a special case: it damages the soil, water, and even the climate on an unprecedented scale. And they might even help bring manufacturing back to the U. Italy is a country of scarce resources and with only a few notable natural resources. Because of increasing agricultural productivity, access to world markets will be critical to the. In fact, value usually is added by feeding it to an animal, which transforms the corn into animal protein or meat. Manufacturing the future: The next era of global growth and innovation, a major report from the McKinsey Global Institute, presents a clear view of how manufacturing contributes to the global economy today and how it will probably evolve over the coming decade. This section highlights new precision ag products as well as announcements of mergers and acquisitions of tech companies. Veteran Maryland trail riders have assembled these TIPS to help you prepare both you and your horse by following these basic guidelines Rt_bottom_Content Sign up for our MHIB Newsletter to know what is going on with our Horse Discovery Centers and the Maryland Horse World!. Car Production: Robots are used in the automobile industry to assist in building cars. Agriculture is a major industry in the United States, which is a net exporter of food. A better approach for those manufacturing companies is to discover and develop these new business models, creating new markets along the way. Modern farms and agricultural operations work far differently than those a few decades ago, primarily because of advancements in technology, including sensors, devices, machines, and information technology. Agriculture is often called the most basic of all industries and the most important. Italy is a country of scarce resources and with only a few notable natural resources. Agriculture industry also includes the florists, greenhouses, aquaculture and nurseries. This is widely used as a base material for seal release paper. Our engineering staff also sizes custom pump units to meet the flow rate requirements of our customers. They use this knowledge to make "knock-offs" that they can sell for less. Trade agreements must not undermine the food sovereignty of farmers and eaters here and abroad. The Missouri Department of Agriculture (MDA) Plant Industries Division, Bureau of Feed, Seed and Treated Timber assists the state's feed industry and consumers through inspecting and testing product and providing information to consumers to assist in making buying decisions. Manufacturing engineers work in a wide range of industries, including oil, food and drinks, plastics. The Eiffel Tower in Paris is the world's most visited tourist attraction, and a significant part of France's thriving tourism industry. According to USDA estimates, a mere 2 to 3 percent of the population provided the national food supply in 2008—made possible by advanced industrial technology and modernized management. Contribution-oftheCivil-War B. Hope it helps. Some big players in the agricultural sector with their headquarters in Singapore, are investing heavily in Africa. The-Industrial-Transformation A. Agriculture. While small family farms do still exist, the predominant share of the agricultural market belongs to large-scale operations that more closely resemble Fortune 500 corporations (and in many cases are, in fact, Fortune 500 companies). This applies to industries that specifically use and develop local and regional resources that supply domestic demand, as well as increase participation in international trade. The exploding population around the globe has thrown in many challenges to agriculture and food production. Imagine a family farm on a small plot of land and a huge commercial farm that spans acres and acres of land. Food production is also big business in the Buckeye State. Find out more about preventing and treating work-related health issues. Department of Agriculture, farmland covers approximately 36% of the state. Entrepreneurs organized a number of manufacturing households into a single enterprise through the putting-out system. The state's industry is easy to summarize this way: agriculture first, followed by travel and tourism, timber and mining. We develop technical solutions that move our customers forward by bringing their visions to life. Harbour, "Comparison and Analysis of Automotive Manufacturing Productivity in the Japanese and North American Automotive Industry for the Manufacture of Subcompact and Compact Cars" (Berkley, MI: Harbour and Associates, 1981);. On this B2B Marketplace, Buyers and Sellers find a wide range of Agricultural Products, Agriculture Equipment, Farming Accessories, etc. Automotive industry, all those companies and activities involved in the manufacture of motor vehicles, including most components, such as engines and bodies, but excluding tires, batteries, and fuel. Agricultural engineers are pursuing new areas related to agriculture, such as high-tech applications to agricultural products, water resource management, and alternative energies. Industry market research reports, statistics, analysis, data, trends and forecasts. Add in all that open space, and you can't help but think of agriculture. Since items were cheaper and quicker to produce, the supply grew. IMCO Software transforms manufacturing companies by maximizing efficiency and profitability with our affordable modular Shop Floor Control Software. Agriculture also remains the largest single land use in the State, nearly 2 million acres, or roughly 32 percent of total land area used for farming in 2018. How Robotic Automation Will Benefit Food and Agriculture Kagan Pittman posted on April 27, 2017 | Industrial robotic automation has attracted the attention of industry fear-mongers and hopefuls alike for taking over jobs — many of them undesirable in the first place — and bringing new levels of efficiency and workplace safety. The manufacturing sector is made up of different industries with different dynamics. Understanding the Rise of Manufacturing in India and re-zoning from agricultural to industrial use has been fraught with peril and delays. From adhesives and air filters to water purifiers and window security films, our goal is to help you and your company run more efficiently. Click images for captions. This comprehensive guide will help you find the prefect type of funding for your business. Please be aware that when you voluntarily choose to have your crop tested, the crop cannot be moved. IFC's approach is innovative and aims to use banks and larger companies as intermediaries to reach small farmers and SMEs to achieve wider reach and greater development impact. Excluding free zone companies, agricultural exports represent approximately 60 percent of export flows. The aim of this agricultural funding opportunity is to develop competitive processed food, beverage, fibre, and forestry and derivative industries. Farmers will have to wait for other industries to develop some of the more advanced technologies first, but, just as it has in previous decades, the U. Our biotechnology firms are leading the way in plant and animal genetics and embryonic research. Along the way he's learned an awful lot about financing companies. Most of the time, when agriculture perpetrates its crimes, it isn't even contributing to feeding the ever-increasing world population. Manufacturing computers and other tech goods might seem like it's only suited for large companies. business and industry category most true manufacturing with the exception of boats is done in another state or the business is self‐insured. You need to know where to find the resources, both financial and technological, and you need to find the right people with the right skills to do the job. Learn how our reliable solar solutions provide long-term value and savings to farmers, wineries and more. Urban Agriculture or Crop Cultivation. Raven Applied Technology delivers impactful technology to growers and custom applicators around the world. com , GotCast. For example, see U. I have hope. top Agrochemical Product Manufacturers - along with a short overview of each company, sales turnover, important milestones and other key information - Presented by Govt. We understand the distinct needs of this niche group and work hard to support them so they can do what they do best: bring choice, value and. The second agricultural revolution initiated the beginning of the evolution of economy.


I love your blog :-} Thanks for the "Daily Cocktail"! I just placed it on my blog - Delectations.
Thanks for that Macky! I better get tomorrow's recipe ready.
I've added it to mine as well, Jimmy, and I'll pass along some recipes to you I'd like to see included when I have some downtime.
Thanks Gabriel. I'm adding cocktailnerd to my sidebar links.
Neat idea! I've added it to my "iGoogle" (what an awful name).


text:
ABOUT USFIRM OVERVIEW
William P. Blackford
Christopher Flohr
PRACTICE AREASWHAT WE DO
Traffic & DUI Cases
Education / School Law
Robbery Defense Law
Contract Disputes & Contract Drafting
Small Business Litigation & Support
Bankruptcy Law & Bankruptcy Filing
Construction Law & Homeowner Disputes
Wills, Trusts & Other Essential Legal Documents
Personal Injury, Negligence & Workers' Compensation
RESOURCESHELPFUL LINKS
BLOGNEWS & UPDATES
- Please Select a Page -HOME ABOUT US - William P. Blackford - Christopher Flohr - Staff - Testimonials - Testimonials Form PRACTICE AREAS - Criminal Law - Traffic & DUI Cases - Divorce and Family Law - Education / School Law - Robbery Defense Law - Contract Disputes & Contract Drafting - Small Business Litigation & Support - Estate Planning - Bankruptcy Law & Bankruptcy Filing - Construction Law & Homeowner Disputes - Wills, Trusts & Other Essential Legal Documents - Personal Injury, Negligence & Workers' Compensation RESOURCES BLOG CONTACT
My Family Member is Suffering from Drugs and Alcohol – Should I Call My Lawyer?
BY william 0 COMMENT addiction, Blog, Legal Advice
When a family member suffers from drug or alcohol abuse, the entire family is affected. In 2017, 1,985 people died from overdose deaths in Maryland. That is a rate of 32.2 deaths per 100,000 persons, as per the National Institute on Drug Abuse, two times the national rate of 14.6 deaths per 100,000. Maryland holds the dubious distinction of ranking in the top 5 nationally for opioid-related fatalities. Heroin death rates are falling somewhat, but synthetic opioids such as fentanyl result in even higher fatality rates.
Currently, 37 states allow for involuntary rehabilitation commitment for alcoholism or substance abuse disorders, and Maryland is not one of them. Although the legislature has discussed changing this law and granting forced rehab, any potential change does not help families dealing with an immediate crisis. Even if your loved one is in danger of dying, you cannot force them into rehab against their will. You likely feel desperate and at your wit's end, but your attorney can help.
When a family member is arrested for any charges involving substance abuse or relating to substance abuse, call a Maryland criminal defense lawyer at once. Standard charges involving substance abuse include DUI and illegal drug possession. Charges of intent to distribute are more severe than possession, and Maryland drug sentencing laws are harsh. Some crimes may relate to substance abuse, such as a person charged with burglary committing the crime to feed his habit.
What if the family member has not been arrested, but it is just a matter of time before she causes an accident while drinking and driving, possibly killing or seriously injuring herself or others? What if is just a matter of time before that family member is found dead with a needle in the arm? A lawyer can guide families in the right direction in finding the appropriate treatment for their loved one.
Many people struggling with substance abuse issues are self-medicating an underlying mental health disorder. Dual diagnosis refers to those dealing with both mental health and substance abuse issues. Sometimes the mental health issue leads to substance abuse, and sometimes substance abuse triggers mental health problems.
What Can a Lawyer Do for Me?
A lawyer may help avoid a substance abuse problem from developing into a legal issue. That legal issue is not limited to arrest. Living with a substance, abuser puts an enormous strain on a marriage. Sometimes, the threat of a divorce may help a person seek treatment for their illness. At the least, an attorney can review the marital assets and advise the spouse on the kind of settlement they might receive if they do decide to divorce, as well as custody and other issues.
In the case of those family members whose alcoholism or drug abuse puts them in immediate danger, adult guardianship is an option.
Under Maryland law, a court can appoint a guardian if clear and convincing evidence is presented that the disabled person, including those disabled from "habitual drunkenness, or addiction to drugs," does not have the sufficient understanding or capacity to make or communicate responsible decisions for themselves. The petitioner, you or another close family member, must prove the disabled person's incapacity. Either two physicians licensed to practice in the U.S. or a licensed physician and either a licensed psychologist or certified clinical social worker must submit a certification of incapacity to the court.
If the court does decide that their substance abuse problem disables your family member, the next decision is appointing a guardian. Unless the disabled person has already designated a guardian before becoming disabled, the order of priority for those becoming a guardian are the disabled person's spouse, parents, adult children, heirs at law, and then any other individual with interest in the disabled person's welfare. A guardian has the power to give consent for medical and other professional care, including substance abuse treatment.
Keep in mind that obtaining guardianship is a last resort and useful only for those family members so debilitated by their substance abuse problem that they are dysfunctional. "Functioning" alcoholics or drug addicts may ruin their families' lives, but they are not far gone enough to qualify for guardianship.
While every case is different, when it comes to substance abuse, all such abusers have one thing in common: They must recognize the depth of the problem and commit to treatment. Many substance abusers remain in denial for far too long, even as their personal and professional lives, as well as their health, are affected. When the person does consent to treatment, it is not done in a vacuum. Family members also need to become involved with the treatment process and attend counseling sessions, so they know what to expect and how to help their loved one recover and their family heal.
Maryland Drug Courts
Maryland offers special Drug Courts targeting criminal defendants and offenders, along with juvenile offenders. It also targets parents with pending child welfare cases who have substance abuse issues. Drug Court differs significantly from the traditional court. In a conventional courtroom, the goal is "legal justice." In drug court, the goal is the restoration of the defendant as a productive, contributing member of society. Drug Court involves individualized, highly structured treatment programs. The court closely monitors the defendant's treatment progress.
County Drug Court eligibility generally requires:
S. citizenship
County residency
Age 18 and up
Non-violent offense
No outstanding warrants or pending charges
No active probation or parole.
Each county sets up its regulations for Drug Court. In Montgomery County, for example, the program lasts for a minimum of 20 months and consists of four phases. All participants must undergo substance abuse treatment and attend recovery meetings. They must appear in Drug Court for frequent status hearings, meet with a case manager regularly and live in court-approved housing.
The ability to graduate from Drug Court includes not only successful completion of all program and probation requirements, but the satisfactory completion of all community service assignments. The person must complete six months of continuous clean urinalysis testing. The Drug Court Team must recommend the graduation, and the Drug Court Judge must approve.
The experienced attorneys at Blackford & Flohr can help you in the battle for your substance-abusing family member's life and health. As criminal defense lawyers, we can represent your loved one and work toward getting treatment. Call us today at 410-647-6677, or contact us online.
Drug Possession Statistics (INFOGRAPHIC)
Expungement vs. Seal
Why is Hiring a Lawyer Better for Writing a Will Than Using Online Software?
How Is Mental Health and Criminal Law Handled in Maryland?
The Rise of Pedestrian Distracted Walking Incidents
What is Bail?
Small Business Litigation
Primary Office Location:
513 Benfield Road, Suite 302
Severna Park, Maryland 21146
Additional office in Towson
Online: Contact Form
Copyright © Blackford & Flohr, All Rights Reserved
Website Customized by Shadowsong designs

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
UConn University of Connecticut
Search University of Connecticut
Research Metrics
Facilities and Labs
Internationally recognized leaders in their fields, inventive scholars with a drive to break the mold, artists seeking to improve our world through creativity, dedicated educators supporting the growth of our future leaders. Over 2,000 full-time faculty provide the foundation that sets UConn apart as both a premier research university and institution of higher education.
Shardé Davis
Shardé Davis is Assistant Professor of Communication and a faculty affiliate of the Africana Studies Institute and the Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy (InCHIP). A casual conversation she had with a friend and colleague one day prompted the creation of a hashtag – #BlackInTheIvory – that overnight became an unexpected global sensation highlighting racism in academia. She's pivoted to make it her next project; Davis' expertise focuses on intersections of race and gender in interpersonal communication.
Michael Bradford
Michael Bradford is professor of dramatic arts at the University of Connecticut, where he teaches theatre history, dramatic literature, and playwriting. His full-length and one-act plays have been produced at various venues in New York, including Off-Broadway. Bradford is also artistic director at the Connecticut Repertory Theatre, a resident professional company that serves as the professional producing arm of UConn's Department of Dramatic Arts.
Linda Barry
Dr. Barry is Associate Professor of Surgery at UConn School of Medicine. She is the Diversity Representative for UConn at the Association of American Medical Colleges. A board-certified liver and pancreas surgeon, Dr. Barry has a unique background in both clinical and basic science research and dedicates much of her time to mentoring medical students and residents at UConn Health.
Zhe Zhu
Assistant professor of natural resources and the environment Zhe Zhu has dedicated his research career to learning what satellite images of Earth can tell us about what's happening on our planet. Zhu came to UConn earlier this year after working at Texas Tech University as an assistant professor. He is an expert in remote sensing and currently has funded projects from NASA and USGS. He is a member of Landsat Science Team, the U.S. government's satellite program.
Xiaomei Cong
Xiaomei Cong is professor of nursing and associate dean for research and scholarship. Her research focuses on the brain-gut-microbiota axis and the prediction of neurodevelopmental outcomes in high-risk infants. In addition to many academic awards, Cong was named one of "Nine Best Female Scientists" by Fiat Physica in 2016.
Carlos Trallero
UConn physicist Carlos Trallero is a pioneer in a field of research that uses high-power lasers to investigate atomic and molecular physical phenomena. His lab is now working to break the attosecond barrier into the zeptosecond barrier which is 1,000 times faster than the attosecond. Trallero is currently funded through grants from the Department of Energy, the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research, and the U.S. Navy.
Kumar S. Venkitanarayanan
Kumar S. Venkitanarayanan is Professor of Animal Sciences and Associate Dean for Research and Graduate Studies in the College of Agriculture, Health, and Natural Resources. Amid growing concerns of the roles antibiotics have during broiler chicken production, the FDA has required their phase out. This positive change also has consequences: the U.S. produces 9 billion such chickens each year. Venkitanarayanan won a $10M USDA grant for a project he developed which focuses on creating a sustainable system by improving bird and human health and through addressing environmental concerns.
C. Michael White
Throughout his career, pharmaceutical scientist C. Michael White has focused on trying to understand, prevent, or modulate cardiovascular drug, device, and natural product induced diseases. With particular expertise in post-surgical complication prevention and natural products that cause or prevent cardiovascular diseases, White is an international expert in this field and is routinely quoted in the news media.
Whetten Graduate Center, Floor 1
438 Whitney Road Extension, Unit 1006
ovpr.uconn.edu
L Building, Room L5062
ovpr.uchc.edu
techpark.uconn.edu
innovation.uconn.edu
lincus.uconn.edu
core.uconn.edu
economicimpact.uconn.edu
entrepreneurship.uconn.edu
UConn Home
Disclaimers, Privacy, & Copyright


Give away quality content for free on your website.
Share on social media. Guest blog. Post free plugins to the WordPress.org repository. Anything to get traffic to your site. Make sure the free content is useful to your target customers.
Have a desirable product to encourage users to share their email on your site.
With Paid Memberships Pro, we ask you to become a free member before you can download the plugin or view our documentation. You could use white papers, 15-minute consultation calls, free samples that are inexpensive to ship, or anything that would convince users to subscribe.
Synchronize your free members with MailChimp or another email marketing applications.
See our MailChimp add on or browse all of our third party integration options here.
Add them to the bottom of your posts and pages. Use plugins like OptinMonster to ask for emails in a slightly annoying (but totally effective) manner.
Set up a landing page to capture email address.
Post a comment if you've tried these tactics.
I'd love to hear if you are having success with list building using these concepts. Or, share a comment about other list-building techniques that you've found successful.
← Increase renewals by changing the "Renew" text link into a button on your Membership Account page.


text:
A Gyulai vagy Gyulay régi magyar családnév, amely a származási helyre utalhat: Gyula (Békés megye), Kisgyula, ma Belvárdgyula része (Baranya megye), Szőlősgyula (Ukrajna, korábban Ugocsa vármegye), Gyulaj (Tolna megye), Nyírgyulaj (Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg megye.

Híres Gyulai nevű családok
 abafáji Gyulay család
 marosnémethi és nádaskai Gyulay család

Híres Gyulai nevű személyek
Gyulai
 Gyulai István (1943–2006) atléta, sportriporter, a Nemzetközi Atlétikai Szövetség főtitkára (1991–2006)
 Gyulai Iván (1952) ökológus
 Gyulai József (1933–2021) Széchenyi-díjas fizikus, egyetemi tanár
 Gyulai Líviusz (1937–2021) Kossuth-díjas grafikusművész
 Gyulai Pál (1826–1909) irodalomtörténész, költő, író, egyetemi tanár
Gyulay
 Gyulay Albert (1766–1836) császári-királyi altábornagy
 Gyulay Endre (1930) Szeged-csanádi megyés püspök
 Gyulay Ferenc (1674–1728) császári-királyi altábornagy
 Gyulay Ferenc (1798–1868) császári-királyi tábornagy, a szárd háborúban az osztrák birodalmi haderő parancsnoka
 Gyulai Ferenc (1819–1866) színész
 Gyulay Ignác (1763–1831) császári-királyi tábornagy
 Gyulay Sámuel (1723–1802) császári-királyi altábornagy

Források

Magyar családnevek

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
InfoQ Homepage Presentations Highlighting Silicon Valley Strategies for Improving Engineering Velocity, Efficiency, and Quality
Highlighting Silicon Valley Strategies for Improving Engineering Velocity, Efficiency, and Quality
David Mercurio shares personal insights and experiences about cultural practices that one can apply to help improve the effectiveness of an engineering organization.
David Mercurio is a Software Engineer at Stripe working on Financial Infrastructure, focused on the system that runs the process of clearing for credit card transactions. Previously, he worked as a Software Engineer at Snapchat on the Memories product and at Facebook working on Personalized Videos, Developer Platform, and Infrastructure.
Mercurio: This talk is about how cultural strategies can be used to improve engineering velocity, efficiency, and quality, which is a bit of a long title and I didn't realize until I tried to put it all on one slide. I'm currently a software engineer at Stripe - if you're not familiar with that, I'll talk a little bit about that later - I work on payments infrastructure. In the past, I've worked at Snapchat mostly on Memories Backend, and I spent almost five years working at Facebook on various projects, including infrastructure, platform team, and personalized videos, which you may have seen before.
My goal for this talk is to basically give you an engineer's perspective about some common themes that these companies and other companies in Silicon Valley do well, which influence the quality of their product at the end of the day and sort of like cultural practices that they tend to follow. As an engineer, this will be a little more technical focused, but I think that's a good thing. I think culture is more than just free lunches and ping pong tables. At Stripe we have no ping pong tables. This is about how we can actually improve our engineering through culture.
Efficiency Is Leverage
As an engineer, I write code for most of the day, I'm not used to talking to groups this large, so bear with me. These will be divided into three different sections. For each section, I have one of Stripe's core values posted, and this one is called efficiency is leverage. Basically, this is the holy grail of engineering. We're all strained for time and we'd all like to be able to get a lot done with just a little. I'm going to go through examples of projects at each of these companies where I thought they took advantage of this very well, and having embedded into their culture a way of thinking and a way of approaching problems.
The first is at Facebook. If you rewind back to around 2010, which is when I joined Facebook full-time, they were experiencing a few repeating patterns of bugs, privacy bugs where basically some content from one user would be displayed to another user that was unintended and it makes that user very unhappy. If you think of Facebook as a social graph and you are a node in this graph and the edges connect things are in the graph, and both of the nodes and the edges have types, that means something. You may be a user type. I'm in the center there and I'm connected to my friend, he's also a user. This edge that connects us represents the friendship. My friend goes on a trip and he uploads a photo. Now, the question is, in order to perform a privacy check, the question is, should I be allowed to see this photo? Basically, should we allow for this connection in the graph?
At this time, Facebook already had a way to do efficient data fetching where they basically had an automatic way to combine data fetching to minimize the number of round trips between your web server and your storage tier. This works quite well, but the problem that they were encountering was, every object in this graph can define its own privacy rules, it's basically like an ACL for every single object. You might choose to upload a photo that all your friends can see, but then maybe this is a photo of you at the beach and you don't want your boss to see it because you were supposed to be at work. All your friends can see it except for your boss, so you could choose to hide this.
This makes checking privacy a little bit complicated. The way that it used to work was that you would basically define some sort of privacy check for your node type. The photo type would have some set of privacy rules. You would load a bunch of data, you do this in an efficient manner, but the data loading is not aware of privacy. It just loads all of the data and then the data gets returned to the webserver. Now, you must filter any data that fails these checks, which I think at the time were called canSee checks.
The problem here is, if you forget to do step three or if the code is arranged in some way that you made changes over to one section of the code that had some unintended consequences over in another section of code, and you release this and it's a bug and it makes the news and everybody's angry. This happened a few times and I think it would be natural for a company to say, "This is happening a lot. Everybody go look at your code and make sure there are no privacy errors in it," which is not really going to work, and it doesn't do anything to prevent future problems like this.
Facebook decided to try to centralize the effort and fix this problem with a single solution that could solve the problem for everybody that uses this. They basically consolidate all the privacy checking logic by making the social graph privacy-aware. The implementation of this was one of my favorite pieces of code that I've seen. Basically, every node type will define a privacy policy, which is like a class. This class gets auto-generated when you create a new node type and it builds the template for you that you fill out. You define a list of privacy rules that will exist for this privacy policy, you can think of them being essentially executed in order one after another. At each point, you can decide to allow, deny, or just skip onto the next one.
Now, when we're loading data, we pass the viewer along everywhere where we load data. We are basically coupling data fetching and the viewer. They always happen together, you always load data with the context of a specific viewer. If the viewer can't see that object, it never comes back, there's no way of leaking the information in that way. This was very effective and essentially, I believe pretty much completely solved this issue that they kept on running into. Every time you load data with the viewer, you pass it around everywhere. You do not construct this viewer object, it's given to you in the request and then you pass it along everywhere else you need. It's sort of threaded through the entire code base.
This isn't real code, but this is what it would look like, I believe it captures the idea of what this code looks like. You have some class which defines a list of privacy rules. The names of these rules are supposed to be very descriptive, so the first one is allow if you are as owner. If this is your object, you should just always be allowed to see it. Then they go through the list, you might deny if the viewer is blocked or if they're in the hidden list, like I mentioned earlier with your boss, or there's some default at the end. Maybe if you're friends with this person, then you can see it as long as you weren't previously excluded. Then some final rule, which is just a catch-all. You probably just want to deny in that particular case.
The beauty of this is, this is very easy to unit test and there were some cool advantages when you centralize everyone on a single solution because now what you could do is, given some data, you can determine that certain rules may be costly to execute, but they don't actually affect the decision very often. When you are actually performing these privacy checks, you could potentially leave those rules until the end, you're sort of rearranging their execution. As long as you do that in a way that's logically equivalent, then you could possibly make these privacy checks more performant. This is one small improvement you make to the piece of code, which executes this, but has vast consequences for improvements all over Facebook.
The other beauty of this was, even though this was created in probably 5 years before I went to use it for a personalized video project, it fit this model very well. I worked on this team that was auto-generating videos using content that you or your friend share. You might've seen these appear in your newsfeed. How we want this to work is, let's say those three photos are going to appear in the video, we only want to allow someone to see that video if they can also see those three photos. Otherwise, we're leaking some private information. The way that we model this is simply just to connect all these in the social graph with an edge to the video object. These are all notes and the social graph that are now connected. Then, we write some new privacy rule that is something like allow a viewer to see the video if they can see all the content in the video. We recursively do the privacy checks on each of those pieces of content and this is done in an efficient manner. Then, that determines whether or not you can actually see the video.
The framework was built in such a way that it allowed a product team like mine to be able to execute a lot more quickly than if we had to solve this problem on our own. It was general enough to be able to foresee this future product that was going to happen five years in the future. I just want to bring this back, this is not just a technical solution. I think the key thing that's important here is actually the way of approaching these problems. I believe that this was very well baked deeply into Facebook's culture and still is.
Snapchat Example
The next example will come from Snapchat, here's just a little bit of context here. Snapchat went from zero users to a couple of hundred million daily users in the course of just a couple of years, it's pretty rapid growth. These users tend to consume rich media videos photos, error filters, very expensive stuff and very strenuous on infrastructure. As you all know, it's difficult to hire enough engineers and it's difficult to do it that quickly. Snapchat does what most companies do these days and leverage public cloud services. This was working well, I was on the Memories team here, Memories is how you save your snaps for later. The way this essentially worked was, you send some initial requests for Metadata, the response returns with how to lay out your UI and where, which one of these are videos versus images, and also a bunch of URLs that are signed, which I'll go into in a sec.
Basically, the URLs define where you should download the thumbnails and the media and all that stuff and also, possibly provide some URLs for uploading. When you create content, you want to know where you should upload this. In general, you will probably upload and download directly to your storage tier. This would be something like Google cloud storage or Amazon S3 there. You could also proxy it through the web server and there are certain times you would do each of those two things, depending on your requirements. This works well.
The problem is at this scale, this can get very expensive but, for now, this was how it works. We used assigned URLs here, which are sent back from the server, and they look something like that. Basically, this provides a little bit of additional security so that if you're downloading, there'll be an expiration so that if someone managed to get this URL, they wouldn't be able to access the content. When you're uploading, you can enforce certain things like the size of the content, the hash of the content to make sure you're actually getting what you intended to get. There are some other headers that you might provide.
The naive solution to this would just be to have the client pass these headers, sort of hard coat these headers and pass them along when they're uploading and that'll work for your first pass but, as I mentioned, this can get pretty expensive. Snapchat's solution to that was to use multiple tools to split their usage of providers to help prevent their costs from going up. If you are big to too much into one provider, the cost can tend to go up because you lose your leverage.
It would look something like this. You now want your client to be dumb, you don't want it to actually know where it's going because then if you want to add a third provider here, you don't want to have to update your client. You want this client to be able to be future-proof. There are a few very subtle things that you need to do here. One is that now, maybe you have your web server just instruct to the client on what headers it should use. This way, if there are specific headers that apply to one service but not another, then you can pass them along and the client doesn't have to care what it's doing. It just blindly applies the headers that it's passed and uploads to the URL it's told to upload to. The reason you need to do this is because when you have a signed URL, the signature actually includes the headers in it, as well. They have to match in order for the upload to work.
You should abstract all of this away, both from the client and from server-side developers who are working on code that's running on the web servers. They should never have to care what the underlying service is. They just treat this like some storage service. Behind the scenes, there's some decision making going on that decides which service should be used, depending on whatever criteria it cares about. Things that you might care about for downloading, for example, are where is the object stored? Maybe the object lives in both service providers, maybe it lives only in one, and that decision is made for you.
Also, other factors that are more products like - do you want to stream this video or is it small enough that you should just download the entire video? What is your connection and quality like? Maybe you want videos at different resolutions. If you have a poor connection quality, you want the lower resolution one. Similarly, when you're uploading, you have some decisions to make. Do you want this upload to be continuable, which is useful for large videos. For example, you can pause the video, upload, and continue it again later. This is useful if your users only want to upload on Wi-Fi and not on cell data.
The user location matters. These service providers tend to have their POPs in different places. Depending on the location of the user, you might prefer one service provider versus another because of performance reasons. Also, the cool advantage here is your uptime can actually be better than any of those services uptimes because if one of them is down, you just automatically switch over to the other one and your users experience no downtime at all. This way of centralizing on consolidating on a single solution allows you to make improvements in that abstraction there that apply to every product team that might want to build on this.
The next example will come from Stripe where I currently work. Here's just a brief description of Stripe if you're not familiar with it. This is probably hard to read, but the sentence I think summarizes what Stripe does pretty well. It's "Stripe is the best software platform for running an internet business." We are not currently generally available in Brazil, but we have people actively working on that. If you browse the website, you'll see that you can sign up for updates so that when we become available, then you'll be notified and hopefully, that'll happen pretty soon.
As I mentioned, Stripe deals with payments, we do a lot of payment volume. When you're dealing with card payments, there's something that you have to adhere to called PCI compliance. I think one of the best things about using Stripe is that we take care of PCI compliance for our Stripe users. It's something you never have to worry about. It's kind of annoying and it's something that we don't want to worry about much either. I'll get into that a little bit later, but PCI compliance basically has a set of overall guidelines. There's more a kind of description for each one, but most of these are pretty common sense things that you would do as a good engineer anyway. They all revolve around protecting hard data, cardholder data. I'm just going to highlight a couple that are maybe some things that you would not normally do.
Number nine here says, "Restrict physical access to cardholder data." What this means is that if you have your own data center, what you probably have to do is have a locked section of the data center where the servers that hold card data exist and only certain people have physical access to those servers to ensure that nobody can go and steal a whole bunch of card information. Then every time somebody goes in and out of that section of the data center, the information needs to be logged so that you have an audit trail of everything that's going on.
In the cloud world, what this usually means is that - say you use AWS, for example - there are maybe certain services that AWS will not allow you to use because they are not PCI-compliant services. You will probably be forced to, or there may be certain restrictions on which of their services you can use or you may have to pay extra to have, for example, your own instance rather than a shared instance. That's not ideal.
There are also restrictions around in your company who can access this piece of the codebase that has access to cardholder data. You'll probably want some additional processes, authentication and logging, that you would otherwise not really need to have. These people also must have good business reasons for making any changes there. That's something that you don't want broadly applied to all your code.
Stripe has an interesting solution to solve this. Imagine you have some online store and a customer of yours is making a purchase, and so you need to send this card information to Stripe. Stripe has the elements embedded on your webpage that allow you to send us information without ever actually having to touch that data. It goes directly to Stripe.
What we have is this thin layer around Stripe's main codebase called Apiori, everything inside Apiori is the PCI-compliant version of Stripe. This is a barrier between the API and the rest of the Stripe code base. What Apiori does is it takes that credit card information and replaces it with a token and stores this mapping from credit card to token in a secure PCI-compliant storage system. It then passes that token along to Stripe's main codebase. Most of Stripe's code is written using tokens. We've taken the cardholder information out of the equation and so it's all protected in the PCI-compliant system. Now, we can move a lot faster over on this section of the diagram than we could if we had to deal with the processes imposed by PCI-compliance.
We can also send this back to the user of the token, and so the user doesn't have to worry about PCI compliance because they're only working with the token. That's a great advantage of using Stripe. Then if we need to, we can direct Ariori to send information back outward if they actually need to send the card information to a partner for some, for some reason. This allows us to move very quickly in this section. There's also by pushing all the PCI-compliance stuff in one area, it allows us to make certain changes to the system - Apiori is written in Go because of the performance benefits that we get from that. It's quite a simple piece of code, whereas the rest of Stripe's codebase is written in Ruby and maybe could be a little more complicated, but doesn't have the strict performance requirements that you might want in Apiori.
The pattern that I'm trying to describe is that this is more than just technical solutions. This is a way of approaching problems with the belief that problems can and should be solved with a bottom-up foundational approach because of the benefits that provide every additional layer above it.
Trust and Amplify: Develop One Another in the Short and Long Term
In the second section I'll mention another Stripe value called Trust and Amplify. This is a developing one another in the short and long term. Basically, the point of this is improved teamwork makes us achieve our goals better. Two patterns I saw at Facebook and Stripe were related to onboarding and rotational programs. Facebook has talked about their bootcamp program a lot. Bootcamp is the, I believe, six-week training program that incoming engineers go through when they first join the company. One of the goals is to commit code on your first day, and they're generally taking low-urgency bug fixes or small features from various teams, various teams all across the company, and sort of learning the Facebook codebase that way. They will generally have a mentor that will help them review code and integrate into the environment.
I like how this sets a very early foundation for the things that Facebook's culture values like prioritizing productivity. I'm sure you've heard of the whole move fast mentality and it starts right on day one. Also, shared ownership - right from day one, you are looking at code from across all the teams and you have the permission and the responsibility to improve that. This continues throughout your career. Rather than just expecting someone else to fix their bugs or to improve their own products, that is something that you are empowered and encouraged to do the whole time you're there.
This is also used for team selection to make sure that you have chosen a team that is working on something you're very interested in. There's also Hackamonth. I'm sure you've heard of Hackathons, Hackamonth is like a month-long version of that where you fully disengaged from your regular team and switch to work on a new team for a month. I was part of Facebook's first Hackamonth experiment to see how this would go. I liked this a little bit better than the 20% time concepts that was popularized by Google. A lot of the criticisms I've heard about that were that it essentially became 120% time because you could never disengage from your old team. You were basically working on two projects, but the Hackamonth allows you to do that.
An advantage of that is bi-directional knowledge sharing. Not only are you learning new stuff while you're working on this new project, but your team has to learn all the stuff that you knew because you just stepped away from it. I'm not sure if familiar with Bus factor, it's a little bit of a morbid kind of a way of describing how can the company continue if you got hit by a bus on your way to work. This will help other people gain the knowledge that maybe only you have in your head. I believe this may also help with retention because if you have an employee that's bored with what they're doing, rather than looking elsewhere outside the company, they can find these opportunities inside the company.
Stripe is pretty similar here. We're trying to gain efficiency by consolidating onboarding programs. The one at Stripe is called /dev/start, this comes from Stripe's original name being Dev Payments before they renamed to Stripe. I like Stripe a lot better. Generally, there are slight differences here, these are people working on impactful but lower urgency and well-scoped group projects. You might have a team of four or something like that. You get the second set of peers and people are coming from different places and then joining different teams. Now, I have this group of friends that I was working on a project with when I first started Stripe and we still get together occasionally for lunch and stuff like that.
This also provides - and this is true with boot camp as well - mentorship opportunities for people who may be looking for opportunities to do that. This one could also be the bottleneck because you have to make sure that you value the fact that you are paying an investment now. There are these upfront costs to mentorship, but it pays dividends in the future when these new employees are able to integrate into the company better. We also have rotations, there's someone rotating on my team right now and it's been very useful to have this person bring their knowledge from the infrastructure team they were working o onto the payments team that I'm on.
The same benefits here - also retention. This one is also useful if you're opening a new office in a new location. It allows you to transfer not just knowledge but also culture by allowing people to rotate temporarily or permanently to a new office location. We have done this in each of our offices in Seattle, Dublin, Singapore, and our recently announced a remote hub for engineers where a group of engineers are fully remote. Hopefully, we'll have an office here soon because then I can come back.
Our leadership team does rotations too. I believe they try to do them on a yearly or maybe every six-month basis. Patrick Collison, our founder, did a rotation on my team for a bit and David Singleton, our CTO, recently did a rotation and was tweeting about how he liked the improvements in dev tools. I think it exposes them to a lot of the things that engineers are dealing with on a day-to-day basis that they may not experience from where they typically are working.
We Haven't Won Yet: Identifying and Resolving Unaddressed Risks
We Haven't Won Yet is another one of Stripe's values. The main purpose of this one is to explain that most of Stripe's opportunity and all the hard problems are still ahead of it, but some people, like me, tend to use this in a little bit of a sarcastic way. When some code is not quite right we say, ''Well, we haven't won yet." I like the philosophy that all of these companies have around, what we call incidents, they go by different names at different companies. Basically, this is when something is bad, something has gone wrong. The consequences could be bad, so we need to fix this right away.
We have this concept, this tool called the Big Red Button. The point of this is that you may be unsure, but you realize something doesn't look quite right and you say, "Uh oh, I need to hit the button." You hit this button, which is an internal tool and it brings you to this form where it is supposed to be a very frictionless way of alerting people that there's something going on.
This form autogenerates a name for you, which is really useful because rather than referring to this in discussion as incident one, two, three, or whatever number you have, these names are very easy to remember. I still remember all the incidents that I was involved in - they're not that many. It's also useful for searching, I might put comments and code that refer to past incidents or Github pull requests. It's very easy to search the context of these. Basically, you fill out this form - it's meant to be very easy to fill out - you describe a brief summary of what's going on - we have guidelines on this severity - and whether or not this is affecting users. If it's "I just broke the master codebase," this is not affecting users, but maybe it's a breakage in the API and in that case, it is affecting users. We use that to determine whether we need to make public communications, we might put a tweet out that says we're having problems.
There's an Incident PM. The Incident PM is a short rotation, 24 hours or something like that where people will get paged if that checkbox is selected and they will jump into help. They're not necessarily going to help to fix the bug, but they're coordinating. You might say, "I know that this a bug caused some charges to fail in the API, but I don't know how to see which merchants were affected." They will help find the person who can run that query, find the effected merchants, and then we can proactively communicate to them.
When this is submitted, we auto-generate a whole bunch of stuff. In the moment, it's very stressful. You don't want to have to think about all the people you need to notify and all the steps that you need to take. These are all things that we can automate with tooling and that should just happen. We automatically create a Slack channel and consolidate all the communication into there. We create a Google doc where we'll have detailed description of the whole incident and the specific timeline of when everything happened and any ideas we have for things we could've done to prevent it. Possibly, you will have a user communications channel where people will make sure that we're communicating with users properly and only once and stuff like that.
Afterward, after the fire is out or at least dampened, we go through a review process. One key point of this review process is that it's blameless - we're not looking to say that you created a bug and you broke the API. We understand that human errors can occur and that if a human could possibly take down the API, then that is actually a problem with the system. This system should account for human errors and be able to prevent these from happening. We'll try to figure out what are the things we can do? What are the remediations to prevent these from happening again? These are sometimes code changes, and sometimes they're not code changes, they're process improvements. My team has a new process that resulted from these discussions where we just communicate a little better and more and more formally about this specific topic to prevent things from falling through the cracks.
The people who attend these meetings will try to detect common issues that may be happening across teams. You might hear a pattern of problems like, we were able to fix the bug quickly, but it took too long to deploy. That's something that if you're involved in one incident, you may not realize is a widespread problem. If it keeps on coming up, then maybe we decide that's something we need to fix and we'll have people go fix that. For a future incident, we can fix and deploy it as fast as possible.
You could also track these incidents over time. You want to know are you getting better at preventing them or when they do happen, are we resolving them faster, or are they increasing? If they keep on happening at a high rate, then maybe we're moving a little too fast. Maybe we have some foundational issues and we should go pay down some technical debt for a bit and slow down product development. These are the kind of decisions that you can make at this higher vantage point than you could if you were involved in each of these just individually.
These are also very useful for knowledge sharing. I attend these meetings pretty often just to listen in, even when I'm not involved in an incident. I find a lot of the information that I hear useful and I go back to my team and pass this information along so that we can adopt some of these new learnings proactively rather than reactively. That's about all I wanted to talk about. I believe that these are pretty baked into each of these companies and are ideas that could be adopted at companies of various sizes. I have some references here, which I believe these slide decks will be shared later. You can click these links. There are some talks that my colleagues have done that talk about some of these same topics in a much more detailed and better way. You can check those out.
Participant 1: Could you tell us a little bit about how the development team is organized in structure at Stripe and how the daily life of the developer as Stripe looks like as well?
Mercurio: Our engineering team is broken into different groups that are, I would say, pretty similar to what a lot of companies would have. We have an infrastructure team we call Foundation. There's a team that built the tool that I was talking about earlier, it's called Observability, they built metrics tools and and stuff like that, a lot of internal developer-facing stuff. Then the product side of it is typically around the business requirements of the company. Stripe has a half a dozen or so different products, each of these will have their own engineering teams or engineering orgs. Then depending on how big it is, there might be some sort of underlying middleware kind of infrastructure. I'm part of the Payments infrastructure group, but I work specifically on card payments and there's a supporting team that's under us that supports both us and also non-card payments, some of the new payments that happen internationally, for example.
Day-to-day, we are generally working on projects that are scoped and a little bit longer term, quarter or half-year life cycle and then are broken up into smaller chunks, and then we just try to iterate on those quickly. We generally, at least for my team, store our priorities in what we call an OSR, an ongoing stack rank. You're just constantly re-prioritizing because there's never enough time to do everything you need to do. You just constantly reprioritize and move things around as you see necessary as you gain new information.
I work mostly in our Ruby codebase. We also have, as I mentioned, a Go codebase, there's a data codebase, which is mostly Scala. A lot of the people are building user-facing tools like the Stripe dashboard, if you're a merchant, that's a lot of Javascript. There's a big mix and it all depends on exactly what problem you're solving.
Participant 2: You've mentioned some culture values foundation like shared ownership and I'd like you to give us some examples on how you stimulate people to truly commit with this kind of attitude.
Mercurio: I think by example is the best way. When people see other people doing it and see that behavior rewarded, they will tend to do the same thing themselves. I think that the idea around doing Hackathon and Hackamonth and rotational programs like that helps make this a norm, something that is just done. I think that's kind of a way to initiate these because people are busy and may forget that they should be doing this on a regular basis. It's a little bit of a spark to keep it going. If you have Hackathons every few months, then you're kind of forcing people to go do something different and go work in someone else's codebase. Then at the end of the day, all you have to do is put up the code review and have the other team look at the code. There's not a lot of coordination that's required beforehand for many of the things that people would do this for.
Participant 3: In a blameless environment, how do you fire people?
Mercurio: Luckily, I'm not an engineering manager, I don't have to fire anyone. We do regular performance cycles and generally, we encourage ongoing feedback from peers and with engineers and their manager. I think that if there is a performance problem and someone needs to either work on some skills to improve or exit the company, then it's not a surprise people should be given things that they need to improve and know about them and then can act on them and only in the rare scenarios where someone is really not able to fix a certain problem with they have to be terminated. Luckily, I don't have to deal with that on a regular basis.
See more presentations with transcripts
David Mercurio
What Are The Most Secure Programming Languages
An In-Depth Look at the DevOps Toolchain.
QCon Sao Paulo 2019
QCon SP
Java Web Frameworks
Wrong slides
by Imran Khan /
Re: Wrong slides
by Anamaria Bota /
Looks like the slides for this presentation are for another presentation.
Hi Imran,
Thank you for drawing our attention to this error. It is now fixed. Enjoy watching the session!
Anamaria Bota
Account & Project Manager
InfoQ Enterprise Software Development Community InfoQ.com | InfoQ China | InfoQ Japan | InfoQ Brazil | InfoQ France | QCon


This range of flavoured concentrates from Hangsen have been specifically designed for use in e-liquid production. It's worth noting that some brands of concentrate are food grade only and therefore they aren't always suitable for vaping.
To prepare your own favourite flavour of e-liquid, just grab a 10ml bottle of unflavoured liquid from the drop down menu above and pick your flavours to the right. The more you add, the stronger the flavour, but I'd suggest you add about 8 drops of flavour concentrate to each 10ml of unflavoured liquid, give it a good shake and leave to steep (usualy for arounf a week if possible to really bring out the flavour).
Concentrates can then be blended to make that flavour special flavour you just can't get at your local store... like Chocobanana (chocolate plus banana)... or Minty Lemon... need I go on?