text:
INSTITUT DE PHYSIQUE DU GLOBE DE PARIS
Earth - Planets - Environment - Natural hazards
"Université de Paris" Project
IPGP around the world
Institute life
Plateforms and shared services
Research valuation
Volcanological and seismological observatories
Magnetic Observatories
GEOSCOPE Observatory
Observatory of water and erosion in the Caribbean
IPGP data center
Bachelors Degree STEP
Master STEP
The doctoral school
Master admission
Telluric activities
National Magnetic Observatory
Earth's Magnetic Field
The IPGP's Magnetic Observatories
The National Magnetic Observatory
Magnetic declination in France
Measuring the magnetic field
A magnetic field surrounds the Earth but is also present in the interior of the planet. On a larger scale, many different phenomena, both natural and artificial, combine to form what is known as the total magnetic field: a physical quantity in a constant state of variation, dependent upon the changes that its generating sources undergo. The Earth's magnetic field is also a protective shield that guards against high-energy particles arriving from space. It is highly affected by solar activity that generates field variations that can potentially prevent communication and positioning technology from functioning correctly. Studying it allows us to gain understanding of the Earth's structure and internal activity as well as phenomena present in the upper atmosphere and in space.
• GEODYNAMO
The Earth's magnetic field is generated first and foremost within the Earth by the dynamo effect. This dynamo is driven by convection currents in the Earth's outer core, which is made up of 90% liquid iron. The dynamo's movements are generated by a progressive cooling of the outer core and growth of the inner core — the inner core being the solid metallic mass in the centre of the earth.
The result is a dipolar magnetic field. Its tilt differs from that of the earth's rotation axis by about 10°.
• LITHOSPHERE
A small part of the Earth's magnetic field comes from magnetised rocks in the Earth's crust. Furthermore, analysis of rock magnetisation on the ocean floor has brought to light the existence of geomagnetic reversals, which occur approximately once every million years.
• IONOSPHERE
X-rays and UV radiation are absorbed by the highest layers of the atmosphere, where electron-ion pairs are produced on the side of Earth illuminated by the Sun. These free particles produce electric currents at an altitude of about 100 km (62 mi) and are responsible for daily variations of the magnetic field.
• MAGNETOSPHERE
The outermost part of the Earth's magnetic field is exposed to solar wind, a flow of positively charged particles emitted continuously by the sun. Electric currents due to the interaction between the solar wind and the magnetosphere can also produce magnetic field variations visible from the ground.
• DRIFTING OF THE MAGNETIC POLES
The North and South Magnetic Poles can be defined as the points on the Earth's surface where the magnetic field is perfectly vertical. These poles, however, are not completely antipodal. The North Magnetic Pole is located to the North of Canada, while the South Magnetic Pole can be found off the coast of the French Station Dumont d'Urville in Antarctica. The variation over a very long timescale of the Earth's magnetic field resultes in a slow drift of the magnetic poles. As a matter of fact, the North Magnetic Pole is currently moving towards Siberia at a speed of 55 km (34 mi) per year.
• A PROTECTIVE SHIELD FOR LIFE ON EARTH
The magnetosphere produced by the Earth's magnetic field has played a crucial role in the development of life on Earth, because it deviates high-energy particles carried by solar wind and cosmic rays. This allowed the Earth's atmosphere to be maintained over time, as opposed to what occurred on Mars where, in the absence of a strong magnetic field, solar wind blew away most of the planet's atmosphere. Conversely, the protection provided by the Earth's magnetosphere has reduced the flow of high energy radiations that can reach the ground, maintaining life on Earth.
• SPACE WEATHER
The sun alternates between calm periods and periods of high solar activity. During periods of high activity, solar flares may be ejected, causing a sudden rise of the speed of the solar wind and of the intensity of production of X-rays and UV radiations from the sun. Depending on orientation of the magnetic field carried by the solar wind, these phenomena may generate magnetic storm on Earth -- i.e. fast and relatively strong variations of the near Earth magnetic field. Furthermore charged particles can enter the ionosphere through the polar caps formed naturally by the magnetic field, producing two spectacular phenomena— the Aurora Borealis and Aurora Australis.
These natural phenomena can strongly interfere with human technology systems by causing:
• damage to satellites
• disturbances to communication systems such as satellites and submarine communication cables
• deterioration or interruption of geolocation services using satellites, such as GPS or Galileo
• increased exposure to radiation for plane passengers and astronauts
• generation of induced electric currents into oil pipelines, accelerating the erosion process
• generation of stray currents in electrical networks, which can create power outages in large regions of the globe.
Sismologie optique à la Soufrière
Télédétection proximale de la structure et du...
Quantum-limited optical displacement measurements: basics...
Mechanical modelling of iceberg capsize, the source of...
Signature of supershear transition seen in damage and...
Pratical Info


Kathmandu Tour, Nagarkot Nepal | Day tours in Kathmandu.
Kathmandu Tour among the Tours in Nepal is mainly for focusing a world heritage sites of ancient culture, arts, and Hindu Buddhist tribal traditions. Kathmandu valley is considered as the beautiful valley with a living gallery of Nepalese ethical group practices comprises of Hindu and Buddhist religion. Kathmandu Day Tour is not only famous for the culture and Durbar square, but a tremendous natural hills like Nagarkot, Bungmati, khokana, and Chobar also offers you delightful scenery of high mountains, landscapes, and wonderful villages. Sightseeing Places include the most precious UNESCO World Heritage Sights which were built by the Mallas kings of the segregation states. Kathmandu is assembled with less viewed local several ethical cultural villages, sanctum and legends which still has a proof existence yet and treasure for the ancient hidden temples (known as the city of temples), colorful bazaars and monuments. The Guided Tours in Kathmandu has a friendliest local people and the hospitality will create you to have your tour a successful and memorable one.
Tours in Kathmandu starts with the sightseeing tours just around the cities nearest UNESCO World Heritage Sights, an eye appealing tantalize numerous high mountain views from mountain flight, a senior natural views from the Nagarkot and the ethical Newari culture practices in different forms in Bungmati, Kritipur and Khokana. So, Kathmandu tour is considered as the combination of all the attraction factors contained in Nepal. Without doing Tours in Kathmandu, its complex to know about Nepal about its art, history, and religions.
"Ready-Made itinerary presented on a website can be operated for individuals, couples and small groups on a private tailor-made basis, starting on a date of your choice. Please contact Trekking Planner to discuss your tour plan."
As your aircraft lands at Kathmandu airport, you will be welcomed and transferred to your hotel. In case of your time adequacy, our guide will take you around the local old market where you will get an opportunity to feel lifestyle of the diverse range of Kathmandu. Later on this evening you will be picked up from your hotel for a cultural dinner.
Kumari Bahal- In Local language we call Kumari for Living goddess. Some books mentioned princes for her. Bahal is a local monastery design in quadrangle design; this is an official house of a Living Goddess. Kumari cult is a living harmony of Hinduism and Buddhism. Selection process is similar like Dalai Lama. She is reincarnation of Goddess Taleju. We select young girls at an early age, normally they are chosen when they are 3- 5 years old. They get retired after first menstruation.
Kalabhairab- The god of justice, in the 17th century it was used to store the truth as a lie detector. now people still pray for good luck. Kasthamadap- 12th-century wooden temple constructed using one huge tree. Name of Kathmandu also derived from this temple. kathmandu means Wooden temple, this is the wooden temple. Freak Street- in 1960 many hippies came and enjoyed here.
Shiva Parvati Temple- Shiva and his wife watching from a window so we need to do good karma.
Taleju Temple- 16th century Pagoda temple, was the tallest building till 1950, other people were not allowed to have higher houses than this temple. Living goddess-kumari is a reincarnation from this Taleju goddess.
Mohan kali chock- Richest artwork on stone, metal and wood we can observe here.
Swayambhunath, 'The Self Existent' stupa, is often referred to as 'the Monkey Temple' due to large troops of tricky monkeys found in its premises. It's almost 2600 years old Buddhist shrine. This is also a place to have bird's eye view on Kathmandu tour since the hillock presents the picture of the entire town. Being the second largest town in the valley, Patan proffers the huge number of monuments with Newari and Buddhist monuments in general. Here, we will visit historical Patan Durbar Square surrounded by pagoda and octagonal temples. Five storied Kumbheswar temples, Golden temple, Rudravarna monastery and so forth are the places to visit there. In addition, while being at Tibetan Refugee Camp, you will witness how the Tibetans weave carpets manually. Overnight at hotel.
Morning Everest Mountain flight - This flight goes around Himalaya's up to Everest and return to Kathmandu airport.
This day blends city and countryside trip. We start from Pashupatinath, the most famous Hindu shrine on the subcontinent. This trip offers an approach to understand cremation system in Nepal since you will see open public crematorium on the bank of holy river Bagmati. While visiting this temple of destroyer and re-creator lord Shiva, you will get chance to move toward dreadlocked holy men as well. Now, our journey of Kathmandu tour heads to Boudhanath, one of the largest stupas in the world. Bouddhanath pretends as mini Tibet due to the presence of various Tibetan monasteries and Tibetan exiles. The shrine dates back to 4th century and is regarded as a must-visit site for the Tibetans. Apart from these, there are a number of Thanka painting schools producing the best souvenirs from Nepal. Leaving the crowd and noise of a city, the tour takes the turn to the countryside. It's the distant point of your tour around Kathmandu in this package. Observing farmland, a lifestyle of locals and passing dozens of turnings, we will reach Nagarkot, 'The Fort of the Town'. This place is ever praised for gigantic Mountain View along with sunrise and sunset. Enjoy the stunning act of the sun when it gets ready to disappear at the horizon. Overnight at resort.
This morning, you will capture a picturesque scene of sunrise from the resort at Nagarkot. After breakfast, we will drive to Bhaktapur, the medieval city. An infinite number of cultural and historic courtyards, enormous temples with mostly appreciated design (e.g. Nyatapola) and indeed, arty Durbar are the awesome features of this town. After exploring Bhaktapur, we will drive back to Kathmandu where you will have a free afternoon. Overnight at the hotel.
Today after breakfast you will be picked up from the hotel by tour guide and take you towards Kirtipur.
Kirtipur is a Newari ethnic settled village just 5 kilometers away from the capital city Kathmandu. Kirtipur is a beautiful twin hillock and has two satellite hamlets to the south i.e. Panga and Nagaon. In about 12 centenary histories of Nepal, it was a separate powerful state and the trade gateway to Kathmandu Valley. While in the deification by Gurkha force also it took three times which indicate the most powerful state at that time. Remains of the fortified walls and part of the original 12 gates can still be seen. In this tour even it is Newari place there are more different in culture and tradition. Beside the village visit, there are also some interesting temples such as Bag Bhairav, Chlanchu Vihar etc.
Chobhar is famous for its gorge said to have been cut by the god Manjushri to drain the water from the Kathmandu Valley which was at that time a lake. On a hilltop, there is a small pagoda dedicated to Adinath. From this point, one has a superb view of snow-clad mountain peaks. Chobhar is located eight kilometers south-west of Kathmandu.
Bungmati and Khokana After a wonderful lunch at the hillside of Kathmandu you will proceed towards Khokana and Bungamati. Khokana and Bugmati is also a Newari village but very ancient from Kirtipur. Khokana is very famous for traditional and typical oil production center of ancient time and up to now. Apart from that Bugamatti is the famous place for traditional and cultural wood carving and a different authorized village for the ancient history center a bit apart from the city life of Kathmandu. This day can be your perfect day with the sceneries and full of hilly lifestyle and history.
Later in the afternoon according to your flight time, we will transfer to international airport for farewell.
Very friendly and serviceminded company. The trip was customized for us and they accommodated all our needs. The help us with equipmemt and guided us for the trip.
First day in Kathmamdu was with a knowledgeable guide who showed us all interesting sites downtown.
The trekking trip were a family trip - 2 kids (10,12) and were done in their pace. The guides were very helful and skilled. I would recommemd this company.


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Benedict XVI Angelus 2008
[ DE - EN - ES - FR - HR - IT - PT ]
Fourth Sunday of Lent, 2 March 2008
On these Sundays in Lent the liturgy takes us on a true and proper baptismal route through the texts of John's Gospel: last Sunday, Jesus promised the gift of "living water" to the Samaritan woman; today, by healing the man born blind, he reveals himself as "the light of the world"; next Sunday, in raising his friend Lazarus, he will present himself as "the resurrection and the life". Water, light and life are symbols of Baptism, the Sacrament that "immerses" believers in the mystery of the death and Resurrection of Christ, liberating them from the slavery of sin and giving them eternal life.
Let us reflect briefly on the account of the man born blind (Jn 9: 1-41). According to the common mentality of the time, the disciples take it for granted that his blindness was the result of a sin committed by him or his parents. Jesus, however, rejects this prejudice and says: "It was not that this man sinned, or his parents, but that the works of God might be made manifest in him" (Jn 9: 3).
What comfort these words offer us! They let us hear the living voice of God, who is provident and wise Love! In the face of men and women marked by limitations and suffering, Jesus did not think of their possible guilt but rather of the will of God who created man for life. And so he solemnly declares: "We must work the works of him who sent me.... As long as I am in the world, I am the light of the world" (Jn 9: 5).
And he immediately takes action: mixing a little earth with saliva he made mud and spread it on the eyes of the blind man. This act alludes to the creation of man, which the Bible recounts using the symbol of dust from the ground, fashioned and enlivened by God's breath (Gn 2: 7). In fact, "Adam" means "ground" and the human body was in effect formed of particles of soil. By healing the blind man Jesus worked a new creation.
But this healing sparked heated debate because Jesus did it on the Sabbath, thereby in the Pharisees' opinion violating the feast-day precept. Thus, at the end of the account, Jesus and the blind man are both cast out, the former because he broke the law and the latter because, despite being healed, he remained marked as a sinner from birth.
Jesus reveals to the blind man whom he had healed that he had come into the world for judgement, to separate the blind who can be healed from those who do not allow themselves to be healed because they consider themselves healthy. Indeed, the temptation to build himself an ideological security system is strong in man: even religion can become an element of this system, as can atheism or secularism, but in letting this happen one is blinded by one's own selfishness.
Dear brothers and sisters, let us allow ourselves to be healed by Jesus, who can and wants to give us God's light! Let us confess our blindness, our shortsightedness, and especially what the Bible calls the "great transgression" (cf. Ps 19[18]: 13): pride. May Mary Most Holy, who by conceiving Christ in the flesh gave the world the true light, help us to do this.
Post-Angelus Messages:
In the past few days the tension between Israel and the Gaza Strip has unfortunately reached very serious levels. I renew my pressing invitation to both the Israeli and Palestinian Authorities to stop this spiral of violence, unilaterally and without conditions: only by showing absolute respect for human life, even the life of one's enemy, can we hope to give a future of peaceful coexistence to the young generations of these peoples who both have roots in the Holy Land. I invite the entire Church to raise supplications to the Almighty for peace in the Land of Jesus, and to show attentive and effective solidarity to both the Israeli and Palestinian Peoples.
I have been following with deep sorrow the dramatic event of the kidnapping in Iraq of Archbishop Paulos Faraj Rahho of Mossul for Chaldeans. I join in the appeal of the Patriarch, Cardinal Emmanuel III Delly, and his collaborators so that the beloved Prelate, who is furthermore in a precarious state of health, may be released without delay. At the same time, I raise prayers of suffrage for the souls of the three young men killed, who were with him at the time of the kidnapping. In addition, I express my closeness to the whole Church in Iraq and in particular to the Chaldean Church which has once again received a heavy blow, while I encourage Pastors and all the faithful to be strong and steadfast in hope. May those who govern the destinies of the beloved Iraqi People redouble their efforts so that, through the commitment and wisdom of all, it may rediscover peace and security and not be denied the future to which it has a right.
I am happy to greet all the English-speaking pilgrims and visitors present for this Angelus. In today's Gospel, we encounter Jesus, the light of the world, who cures the man born blind. By opening our eyes to faith, to the light that comes from God, Jesus continues to cure us from the darkness of confusion and sin present in this world. May his light always purify our hearts and renew our Christian love as we journey with him to Eternal Life. I wish you all a pleasant stay in Rome, and a blessed Sunday!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
Concern for Arsenal as journalist claims contract talks stall with influential figure
February 24th 2020, 21:08
Arsenal have been given cause for concern as journalist Nicolo Schira has suggested that talks over a contract renewal have stalled with Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang.
The 30-year-old has been crucial again so far this season, scoring 19 goals in 30 games and leading the way for the Gunners both domestically and in Europe.
SEE MORE: 'Everything you would want in a football player' – Gary Neville full of praise for Arsenal star
In turn, they can ill-afford to lose him, but with his current contract set to expire in 2021, there is seemingly growing concern over the ability of the two parties to reach an agreement on an extension.
Arsenal have been in this position a number of times in recent years where their top stars have entered the last year of their respective deals, thus leading to difficult and unpopular decisions over who has left with Aaron Ramsey being the prime example.
With that in mind, they'll surely be desperate to avoid that being repeated on this occasion, but it could be heading towards a stalemate in talks with Aubameyang for the time being.
As per Nicolo Schira's tweet below, he has suggested that talks have stalled, and now Aubameyang could leave Arsenal this summer with Inter said to be a possible destination as a replacement for Lautaro Martinez if he joins Barcelona.
It remains to be seen if the pieces fall into place for that to happen, but the mere fact that speculation is building over an Aubameyang exit will be a major concern for Arsenal fans who will be desperate to avoid seeing their star striker leave at all.
That said, if they fail to qualify for the Champions League next season, that could raise serious doubts over the Gabon international's desire to stay at the Emirates.
Negotiations for contract renewal between #Arsenal and #Aubameyang have stalled. The striker could leave #Gunners this summer. #Inter are following closely the situation and are ready to make an offer should #LautaroMartinez leave for #Barcelona. #transfers #AFC #FCB
— Nicolò Schira (@NicoSchira) February 24, 2020
More Stories Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang
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Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang leaves AFCON early to return to Arsenal after Covid-19 health scare
Arsenal offer eye-watering €60m plus player deal in order to sign highly rated Serie A striker
Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang out with injury due to after effects of Covid-19 caught while partying before AFCON
Arsenal handed major lifeline in their attempts to rid themselves of Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang
Arsenal legend names ideal transfer target to replace Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang
Arsenal legend makes top four prediction and gives important piece of transfer advice to Arteta
Photo: Aubameyang reportedly poses in Arsenal shirt at AFCON


text:
Packages
========

Here you must create symbolic links to your public directory inside the package

This symlink must be created for the 'main' package:

	main -> ../../application/packages/main/public/

(*) If you cannot create symlinks you can copy that folder

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Can someone please tell me about the area around Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics High School? I live in Jamaica.... And am willing to go to that high school. Advice is welcome!!!
The school is across the street from East River Plaza, which has the only Costco and Target in Manhattan, along with other stores. Therefore, it's a very busy area. There are lots of old brownstones and new luxury rental buildings. On weekday mornings and afternoons, you can see a steady flow of students going to and from the school from the 6 train. They seem like nice kids.


text:
Nuggets to put winning streak up against Thunder
The Oklahoma City Thunder have surprised this season despite not having rookie Chet Holmgren available, working their way into the playoff hunt with some impressive victories.
One team they haven't solved is Western Conference-leading Denver Nuggets, who have won the first three meetings between the teams and will go for the season sweep when they host the Thunder on Sunday night.
Holmgren, the 7-footer who was the No. 2 overall pick in the 2022 draft, went down with a foot injury over the summer and had season-ending surgery. The Thunder have found their way behind Shai Gilgeous-Alexander, who leads the team in scoring at 30.6 points a game. He had 37 in a 118-113 loss at Sacramento on Friday that snapped a four-game winning streak.
"The team always runs through the finish line," Oklahoma City coach Mark Daigneault said. "Great competitive level. We played exceptionally hard. … Certainly a relevant game we can learn from."
Gilgeous-Alexander is averaging nearly twice as many points as the Thunder's second-leading scorer, Josh Giddy, who is at 16.0 per game. Gilgeous-Alexander has been solid against Denver this year, averaging 32.0 points and 7.0 assists in the three games.
Oklahoma City nearly took the last meeting between the teams on Nov. 23, but the Nuggets rallied from 15 down in the fourth quarter and won 131-126 in overtime. Nikola Jokic had 39 points in that game without Jamal Murray and Michael Porter Jr. available.
Friday was the Nuggets' third game without head coach Michael Malone, who was placed in health and safety protocol on Tuesday.
Murray and Porter are back healthy while Jokic sat out Friday's 134-111 win over Indiana with left hamstring tightness as the Nuggets extended their winning streak to nine games.
"It's good to get one without him," Nuggets rookie Christian Braun said about winning without Jokic. "He really doesn't miss too many games, so just seeing that we can play without him and playing with him on the bench is good."
Even if Jokic does sit out Sunday, the Thunder will have a tough time slowing down the streaking Nuggets, who also have won 16 in a row at home. Murray was the star Friday night when he notched his first career triple-double — 17 points, 14 assists and 10 rebounds — while Denver got contributions throughout the lineup.
Aaron Gordon had a game-high 28 points and continued his strong season.
"We've talked a lot about Aaron Gordon being a possible All-Star. We're the No. 1 team in the West, so if Jamal Murray isn't in the conversation, then you don't value winning," said assistant coach David Adelman, who has served as the acting head coach for three games. "All three of those guys have been so consistent throughout the whole year — Nikola, Aaron, Jamal. They deserve the accolades that they're getting."
The Nuggets hope Malone and Jokic can return, if not Sunday then on the upcoming three-game road trip through New Orleans, Milwaukee and Philadelphia.
–Field Level Media
Professional Scores


As the morning progressed, we started our second rotation day. This day included watersports, knot tying, Zesting, and diving. The best part of the day was Zesting and diving. The first time was difficult for most, but today made it a lot easier. Zesting is a small two-person boat with a single sail. As Kennedy and I started off, we had a little trouble, but as we started back to the boat we got the hang of it. After Zesting we went diving, and saw a whole bunch of fish, crabs, and arrow crabs, as we finished our confined water dives. Then we headed back to our boat and we learned about the recreational dive planner.


text:
Cryo-electron tomography of Neurospora mitochondria
Daniela Nicastro, Achilleas S. Frangakis, Dieter Typke, Wolfgang Baumeister
Cell Biology - Nicastro Lab
Cryo-electron tomography was used to study the structural organization of whole frozen-hydrated mitochondria from Neurospora crassa. Unlike mitochondria from many other species and tissues, in this case the cristae form a three-dimensional network of interconnected lamellae. Basically, the three-dimensional structure of ice-embedded mitochondria from this species is consistent with previous descriptions of mitochondria prepared by chemical fixation and resin embedding. Nonetheless, ice-embedded mitochondria display some important differences: the outer surface of the mitochondria was found to be rather smooth, the intermembrane space was constant in width, and distinct contact sites between the membranes were clearly revealed. Furthermore ATP synthase particles on the outer surface of an 'inside-out vesicle' were visible in 3-D reconstructions. Thus, cryo-electron tomography can provide detailed insights into these organelles with minimal perturbations of the physiological state. This indicates that it is a realistic goal to achieve 'molecular resolution' with rather large biological specimens in the near future, ultimately allowing the identification and localization of macromolecules in their cellular context. (C) 2000 Academic Press.
Journal of Structural Biology
https://doi.org/10.1006/jsbi.1999.4204
Cellular tomography
Contact sites
Frozen-hydrated specimens
10.1006/jsbi.1999.4204
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Cryo-electron tomography of Neurospora mitochondria'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Neurospora Medicine & Life Sciences
Electron Microscope Tomography Medicine & Life Sciences
Mitochondria Medicine & Life Sciences
Neurospora crassa Medicine & Life Sciences
Organelles Medicine & Life Sciences
Membranes Medicine & Life Sciences
Nicastro, D., Frangakis, A. S., Typke, D., & Baumeister, W. (2000). Cryo-electron tomography of Neurospora mitochondria. Journal of Structural Biology, 129(1), 48-56. https://doi.org/10.1006/jsbi.1999.4204
Cryo-electron tomography of Neurospora mitochondria. / Nicastro, Daniela; Frangakis, Achilleas S.; Typke, Dieter; Baumeister, Wolfgang.
In: Journal of Structural Biology, Vol. 129, No. 1, 02.2000, p. 48-56.
Nicastro, D, Frangakis, AS, Typke, D & Baumeister, W 2000, 'Cryo-electron tomography of Neurospora mitochondria', Journal of Structural Biology, vol. 129, no. 1, pp. 48-56. https://doi.org/10.1006/jsbi.1999.4204
Nicastro D, Frangakis AS, Typke D, Baumeister W. Cryo-electron tomography of Neurospora mitochondria. Journal of Structural Biology. 2000 Feb;129(1):48-56. https://doi.org/10.1006/jsbi.1999.4204
Nicastro, Daniela ; Frangakis, Achilleas S. ; Typke, Dieter ; Baumeister, Wolfgang. / Cryo-electron tomography of Neurospora mitochondria. In: Journal of Structural Biology. 2000 ; Vol. 129, No. 1. pp. 48-56.
@article{6bbac8197e0a4dfd9c98069f4a00fc04,
title = "Cryo-electron tomography of Neurospora mitochondria",
abstract = "Cryo-electron tomography was used to study the structural organization of whole frozen-hydrated mitochondria from Neurospora crassa. Unlike mitochondria from many other species and tissues, in this case the cristae form a three-dimensional network of interconnected lamellae. Basically, the three-dimensional structure of ice-embedded mitochondria from this species is consistent with previous descriptions of mitochondria prepared by chemical fixation and resin embedding. Nonetheless, ice-embedded mitochondria display some important differences: the outer surface of the mitochondria was found to be rather smooth, the intermembrane space was constant in width, and distinct contact sites between the membranes were clearly revealed. Furthermore ATP synthase particles on the outer surface of an 'inside-out vesicle' were visible in 3-D reconstructions. Thus, cryo-electron tomography can provide detailed insights into these organelles with minimal perturbations of the physiological state. This indicates that it is a realistic goal to achieve 'molecular resolution' with rather large biological specimens in the near future, ultimately allowing the identification and localization of macromolecules in their cellular context. (C) 2000 Academic Press.",
keywords = "ATP synthase, Cellular tomography, Contact sites, Cryo-electron microscopy, Frozen-hydrated specimens",
author = "Daniela Nicastro and Frangakis, {Achilleas S.} and Dieter Typke and Wolfgang Baumeister",
note = "Funding Information: We thank W. Neupert, S. Nussberger, P. Heckmeyer, and M. Braun for supplying us with conidia of Neurospora crassa and introducing us to their isolation protocol of mitochondria as well as for helpful discussions. We are also grateful to D. Brdiczka for helpful advice and to M. Kania for carefully reading the manuscript. This work was supported by a grant from the EU (Contract BIO4 CT960099).",
doi = "10.1006/jsbi.1999.4204",
journal = "Journal of Structural Biology",
T1 - Cryo-electron tomography of Neurospora mitochondria
AU - Nicastro, Daniela
AU - Frangakis, Achilleas S.
AU - Typke, Dieter
AU - Baumeister, Wolfgang
N1 - Funding Information: We thank W. Neupert, S. Nussberger, P. Heckmeyer, and M. Braun for supplying us with conidia of Neurospora crassa and introducing us to their isolation protocol of mitochondria as well as for helpful discussions. We are also grateful to D. Brdiczka for helpful advice and to M. Kania for carefully reading the manuscript. This work was supported by a grant from the EU (Contract BIO4 CT960099).
N2 - Cryo-electron tomography was used to study the structural organization of whole frozen-hydrated mitochondria from Neurospora crassa. Unlike mitochondria from many other species and tissues, in this case the cristae form a three-dimensional network of interconnected lamellae. Basically, the three-dimensional structure of ice-embedded mitochondria from this species is consistent with previous descriptions of mitochondria prepared by chemical fixation and resin embedding. Nonetheless, ice-embedded mitochondria display some important differences: the outer surface of the mitochondria was found to be rather smooth, the intermembrane space was constant in width, and distinct contact sites between the membranes were clearly revealed. Furthermore ATP synthase particles on the outer surface of an 'inside-out vesicle' were visible in 3-D reconstructions. Thus, cryo-electron tomography can provide detailed insights into these organelles with minimal perturbations of the physiological state. This indicates that it is a realistic goal to achieve 'molecular resolution' with rather large biological specimens in the near future, ultimately allowing the identification and localization of macromolecules in their cellular context. (C) 2000 Academic Press.
AB - Cryo-electron tomography was used to study the structural organization of whole frozen-hydrated mitochondria from Neurospora crassa. Unlike mitochondria from many other species and tissues, in this case the cristae form a three-dimensional network of interconnected lamellae. Basically, the three-dimensional structure of ice-embedded mitochondria from this species is consistent with previous descriptions of mitochondria prepared by chemical fixation and resin embedding. Nonetheless, ice-embedded mitochondria display some important differences: the outer surface of the mitochondria was found to be rather smooth, the intermembrane space was constant in width, and distinct contact sites between the membranes were clearly revealed. Furthermore ATP synthase particles on the outer surface of an 'inside-out vesicle' were visible in 3-D reconstructions. Thus, cryo-electron tomography can provide detailed insights into these organelles with minimal perturbations of the physiological state. This indicates that it is a realistic goal to achieve 'molecular resolution' with rather large biological specimens in the near future, ultimately allowing the identification and localization of macromolecules in their cellular context. (C) 2000 Academic Press.
KW - ATP synthase
KW - Cellular tomography
KW - Contact sites
KW - Cryo-electron microscopy
KW - Frozen-hydrated specimens
U2 - 10.1006/jsbi.1999.4204
DO - 10.1006/jsbi.1999.4204
JO - Journal of Structural Biology
JF - Journal of Structural Biology


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text:
Keeping up with the Drones'
11 Apr Keeping up with the Drones'
Internal debate inside the Administration must be heating up, because someone in D.C. is in a leaky mood. McClatchy yesterday released a story on U.S. targeting operations billed as the "first independent evaluation of internal U.S. intelligence accounting" of such operations. The report is based substantially on classified reports covering most (not all) of the drone strikes carried out by the intelligence community (as opposed to the Defense Department) in 2006-2008 and 2010-2011. Among the findings:
At least 265 of up to 482 people who the U.S. intelligence reports estimated the CIA killed during a 12-month period ending in September 2011 were not senior al Qaida leaders but instead were 'assessed' as Afghan, Pakistani and unknown extremists. Drones killed only six top al Qaida leaders in those months, according to news media accounts. Forty-three of 95 drone strikes reviewed for that period hit groups other than al Qaida, including the Haqqani Network, several Pakistani Taliban factions and the unidentified individuals described only as 'foreign fighters' or 'other militants.'
The McClatchy piece contends that such statistics are necessarily at odds with Administration statements that its targeting operations were limited to senior leaders of Al Qaeda and allied groups. This seems wrong; I haven't understood the Administration's position to be that it would only target senior leadership. Indeed, that was part of the problem with the White Paper. It argued that targeting senior leaders was within the President's authority, but it didn't foreclose the possibility that others could also be targeted. The Paper spent a great deal of time gesturing at, if not quite committing to, legal theories that would support much broader targeting authority. In this respect, the leaked news, if accurate, confirms what should by now be the unsurprising conclusion that the White Paper did not describe the full scope of asserted U.S. targeting authority.
That said, the official details here are new and therefore important to untangle. We might fairly assume some of these strikes are the deeply problematic signature strikes we've known about – against 'militants' who may or may not pose a threat to the United States. But what about the named groups? Does the United States have the authority to target the groups it targeted in the Pakistan/Afghan border region – including the Haqqanis, the Pakistani Taliban, and Lashkar i Jhangvi? Start with domestic law. The Authorization for Use of Military Force (AUMF), giving the President the power to use force against those groups responsible for the attacks of 9/11, is an authorization for the use of military force. It's not clear the AUMF empowers the CIA to do anything. In any case, as the article points out, there's no suggestion that the groups named above were in fact responsible for the attacks of 9/11. So odds are slim that the AUMF is the relevant source of domestic authority. That leaves CIA's authority under Title 50 of the U.S. Code to conduct covert operations, operations for which a presidential finding is required and which the U.S. wishes to be able publicly to deny. So perhaps there is a presidential finding (of course classified) that authorizes the use of force against a far broader range of groups than is covered by the AUMF. That would be news. One may well not think this a good idea (itself worth several separate posts), but provided the Administration is complying with the modest requirements of covert action (the finding, congressional notification, etc.), it would address the problem of domestic law.
That still leaves international law. Set aside for the moment my ongoing concerns (see, e.g., here, here) that CIA doesn't especially think itself legally bound by these obligations. What is the international law justification for the U.S. to use force against these groups? At least as to Haqqani and Lashkar i Jhangvi, McClatchy's report suggests those groups are responsible for attacks against U.S. forces in Afghanistan. If that's true, the United States might well be justified in using force against those groups in self-defense, and compliant with domestic law as well, provided these groups were covered under the scope of whatever classified presidential finding exists. Put differently, and to be clear, at least some of these strikes against these groups might be legal.
That still leaves several puzzles. For one, how broad is the President's covert action finding? Hard to imagine it's one that gives the CIA has some general power to use force in self-defense on behalf of the United States. That would seem quite a bit beyond the scope of ordinary Title 50 authority, which forecloses the intelligence community from using covert action authority to conduct traditional military activities (as, one might imagine, would include the military's power to defend itself against foreign attack). So more likely the finding named groups. Were the groups targeted actually on it? Then there's the U.S. targeting of Pakistani Taliban, which McClatchy doesn't indicate is behind attacks on U.S. forces. That may just be oversight, or lack of information on McClatchy's part. Maybe the same self-defense rationale exists there, too. But the Pakistani Taliban wasn't a publicly designated (at least) terrorist group until 2010, and as I understand it is mostly focused on overthrowing the Pakistani government itself. So if it's not self-defense, what is the international law justification for targeting them?
The unattractive (and speculative) explanation is this. The President issued a broad finding authorizing the CIA to use lethal force against a set of terrorist groups larger than just those groups responsible for the attacks of 9/11 – including a bunch of Pakistan's internal enemies. The CIA isn't especially worried about whether its exercise of this authority globally complies with international law restrictions on the use of force. Or, more specifically, the CIA thinks as long as it has the foreign state's consent, it can use force in that foreign state whether or not it has an independent basis – UN Security Council authorization or a self-defense justification notwithstanding. In other words, the CIA thinks as long it's not violating Pakistani sovereignty (which consent addresses), there's no other international legal bar preventing its actions.
Exactly because it would be far too easy for one state to have another state do its internal dirty work for it, that's never been my understanding of the UN Charter Article 2/Article 51 universe in which we live. I suspect the CIA disagrees with me. As for international human rights law, like the International Covenant on Civil & Political Rights (the treaty the United States ratified that says, among other things, states can't kill people arbitrarily), the U.S. has long taken the view that our treaty obligations under the ICCPR don't restrict our actions outside the United States. And while the Obama Administration had made gestures in some settings that it was reconsidering that longstanding position, if this is really what we're doing in Pakistan, I can see why it hasn't actually taken the plunge. In the meantime, worst case from the above and all apart from the loopy signature strikes themselves, we're killing people in Pakistan with whom we are not at war and who pose no threat (imminent or otherwise) to the United States.
John C. Dehn
Great post, Deborah. If you'll permit a bit of self-promotion, I briefly engaged the issues you raise here.
Most targetings will fit under the self-defense paradigm, some under the laws of war. The President does not need congressional legislation to support targetings under either set of customary and treaty-based international laws, since the President has the duty, and necessary competence, to faithfully execute international law. US Const, aRt. II, sec. 3 Internally, the President can delegate tasks to military personnel or CIA personnel unless there is a later in time restriciton under relevant congressional legislation (which must be interpreted a la Charming Betsy consitently with international law) and in such legislation Congress has expressed a clear and unequivocal intent to override international law. See, e.g., my article on the consitutionality of U.S. action in Libya (26 Emory Int'l L. Rev.). With respect to human rights under the ICCPR, the Bush Administration was manifestly in error when claiming that the ICCPR (and the CAT) only applied within the U.S. — as had already been noted by the H.R. Comm. and the CAT Comm., etc. Moreover, the UN Charter applies globally and the ICCPR recognizes that human rights obligations are "universal," etc. But who has a relevant human right to freedom from "arbitrary" killing? It is well known that only… Read more »
Deborah Pearlstein
Deborah Pearlstein is Professor of Law and Co-Director, Floersheimer Center for Constitutional Democracy at the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law, Yeshiva University, in New York.
Twitter: @dpearlst


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So these machines have been Europe's little secret, incredibly popular across the pond. And why? Well, compared to capsule machines, they're just as fast, more convenient, more capable and don't produce plastic waste.
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CARLISLE, Iowa– Wednesday, President Trump canceled House Speaker Nancy Pelosi's use of a military aircraft and now Pelosi is blocking the president from using the House chamber to deliver the State of the Union address.
The dispute stems from the ongoing government shutdown.
All while Iowa farmers are caught in the middle.
"Trading rumors puts a lot of risk out there for us," said Corey Goodhue.
More risk, in an already unpredictable career like farming, Goodhue says makes his job even harder.
The Carlisle farmer says he is feeling the impacts of the government shutdown.
"At a personal level I have some family members close friends and neighbors who work at the USDA they don't live pay check to paycheck, but they have been out of work long enough," Goodhue said.
But they'll be able to return to work Thursday.
The USDA is reopening Farm Service Agency offices nationwide, including 97 in Iowa. The FSA will offer fourteen services that were on hold due to the shutdown. On the list is the Market Facilitation Program, and various emergency assistance programs. Goodhue says those are vital.
"One of the big things the FSA administers is the market facilitation payment with the tariffs going on between U.S. and China the Trump Administration announced soybean producers would get so much per bushel, but you had to prove that," Goodhue said.
The FSA will partly reopen all offices in Iowa with no timeline on when services will be back to operating at 100 percent.


text:
— полнометражный аниме-фильм Мари Окады, для которой проект является дебютом в качестве режиссёра. Над дизайном персонажей работал Акихико Ёсида, композитором фильма стал Кэндзи Каваи, производством же занималась студия P.A. Works. Премьера фильма в Японии состоялась 24 февраля 2018 года, в России — 19 апреля.

Сюжет
Красавица Макия — из рода долгожителей. На протяжении веков многие армии пытались захватить её народ, чтобы завладеть секретом вечной жизни. И вот теперь, когда город разрушен, девушка прячется в лесу. Здесь она встречает потерявшего родителей маленького мальчика Эриала и начинает о нём заботиться… Проходят годы, мальчик превращается в прекрасного юношу. Но Макия понимает, что Эриал — простой человек, а значит, он смертен… Что будет с девушкой, которую Эриал называл «мамой»? Какая судьба предначертана миру, в котором жадные и корыстолюбивые люди попытались обладать «легендами»?

Персонажи

 Сэйю: Манака Ивами
 Русский дубляж: Елена Симанович

 Сэйю: Мию Ирино.
 Русский дубляж: Анна Гребенщикова (в детстве), Егор Козаченко

 Сэйю: Аи Каяно.
 Русский дубляж: Мария Бондаренко

 Сэйю: Юки Кадзи
 Русский дубляж: Евгений Баханов

 Сэйю: Миюки Савасиро.
 Русский дубляж: Алевтина Чернявская

 Сэйю: Ёсимаса Хосоя.
 Русский дубляж: Анна Балицкая (в детстве), Михаил Каданин

 Сэйю: Рина Сато.
 Русский дубляж: Анастасия Майзингер

 Сэйю: Ёко Хикаса
 Русский дубляж: Марина Юрьева

 Сэйю: Мисаки Куно

 Сэйю: Томокадзу Сугита.
 Русский дубляж: Александр Фильченко

 Сэйю: Хироаки Хирата.
 Русский дубляж: Василий Марков

Музыка
Главную тематическую композицию  исполнил Rionos.

Примечания

Ссылки

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Arcade Club Ela Mill, Cork Street, Bury, Greater Manchester, BL9 7BW
Leeds Now Open
Bury Floor 2Modern Arcade
Bury Floor 3Classic Arcade
Games Our Library
History OUR STORY
The Brave New World of Williams
Defender is a horizontally scrolling shoot 'em up, the game is set on a fictional planet where the player must defeat waves of invading aliens while protecting astronauts.
Defender is among the earliest arcade games to feature a mini-map for navigation.
Defender is a two-dimensional side-scrolling shooting game set on the surface of an unnamed planet. The player controls a space ship as it navigates the terrain, flying either to the left or right.
A joystick controls the ship's elevation, and five buttons control its horizontal direction and weapons. The object is to destroy alien invaders, while protecting astronauts on the landscape from abduction. Humans that are abducted return as mutants that attack the ship. Defeating the aliens allows the player to progress to the next level. Failing to protect the astronauts, however, causes the planet to explode and the level to become populated with mutants.
Once inside all arcade games are Free to Play!
Bury Floor Three
Street Fighter II Turbo: Hyper Fighting
Cruisin' World
Buggy Boy
The content within the Arcade Club Game Library database is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.
You may share and adapt freely where existing copyright restrictions do not apply. Please do not link directly to media.
Bury Floor 2
Arcade Club Ltd. is a company registered in England & Wales with company number 09933808
Copyright © 2020 Arcade Club. All rights reserved. Designed & managed by DiCE Creative


text:
Q: What is a good search technology to use for indexing documents and text What tools are out on the market that can index documents and text?
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*

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A: It isn't open source, but you may want to look at Zoom Website Search Tool

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Rose still couldn't consult with James about her suspicions. She missed his creative input. After dinner she stayed by his bed until she realized how weak and tired he was. Then she went up for bed.
Roger stopped her in the hall right before her room. "We need to talk."
Rose allowed him to step into her bedroom, but she didn't sit down on the bed, instead leaning against the dresser. "What is it, Roger?"
"The shuttle is going to pick us up in six days, isn't it? If we're not back on schedule, won't there be problems?"
"Michael has agreed to escort us back to the shuttle on time."
"But what about Jim and Charles and that maniac Thom Granger?"
"Charles has asked to spend his final years with his grandson. Tori will remain also. We are not sure if Jim and Thom will be ready for travel or not. But you do not have to be concerned about that. We will return as scheduled, and then they will come when they are well enough. Is that all?" Rose made a motion to the door, hoping he'd leave.
But Roger didn't. "You can't be serious? You'd leave your husband in this barbaric back woods clinic? Why don't you have the shuttle come here? There's plenty of room for it to land."
Rose sighed. "The satellites are programmed to zap anything that strays from the one preset flight corridor. It cannot be changed easily."
"But for your husband…."
"It cannot be changed! It is a built in safety feature against sabotage. The only way off is through the immigration office in Capitol. And Jim is too weak to travel that far."
"I can't believe you'd leave him. I bet you hope he dies here. You know, I don't trust Michael Jamel at all, and that Dr. Collin is too perfect. He's hiding something. He'll kill James before we get back if he stumbles on to his secret."
Rose was tired of Roger butting in where he had no business being. She was amazed at how tolerant Michael was of Roger's not so friendly insinuations and accusations, and she was afraid Roger's digging would hinder her own. "I have ordered you to stop harassing Michael and Dr. Collin, but you insist on antagonizing both of them."
"Jim would never back away from evidence like this."
"It is not Jim's job to decide Michael Jamel's future as my employee, and neither is it yours. But you have already earned yourself a reprimand on your permanent record. If you don't cease your…."
"You begged me to come down here. I saved your husband's life! And you're going to put a mark on my record? Just wait until I get back to the station." He stalked from her room and slammed the door.
Damn. Rose sat on her bed and rubbed her fingers against her temples. Then she made a quick decision and ran downstairs. Dr. Collin was with the patients. She wished it was Michael, but she had no choice. She took Jim's hand. "James, sweetheart," she whispered.
He smiled as he opened his eyes. "Hey, my flower."
"I've got to get Roger back to the station. He's harassing Michael and your good doctor too much and upsetting all my plans. I suppose I should cut Kelsi's visit short also and free up these good people."
Collin approached them and stood on the other side of James' bed. "Your husband is too ill to move, Rose. Even a wingdeer flight would be unnecessary risk at this point."
"We thought we might need to leave him next week anyway. I would just like to go back a week early. And then I'll return after I take care of some business."
"Rose, dear…."
"I'll be fine, James. I'm leaving the killer here for now. Doctor, can you spare Michael to take us back?"
"Yes. Michael can go. The shuttle will return tomorrow?"
Rose sighed. "Yes. I'll signal it when we get to the immigration station."
Collin chuckled. "Yes, Michael can go," he repeated. "Doesn't he always do as you wish, Director?"
Rose jerked her gaze from Jim to Collin's face. "Who told you…."
"You did. You must have some authority to be able to signal the shuttles down, but not quite enough caution. Fortunately I am not one of those coveting the technology to call a shuttle from the sky."
Jim struggled to sit and then winced in pain, as he rested on his elbow. "Rose, please. Wait until I can go with you. What if Thom had an accomplice? What if there is an assassin?"
"You are in no condition to stop him. I am going back tomorrow. I hope to return in a week."
"But Michael can't protect you! He can't even keep himself from getting beaten."
"Do you wish me to escort your wife to the shuttle?" Collin asked quietly. "I would send Quinn, but he is currently on a medical restriction."
"Not just to the shuttle. She needs someone… Tori. Get Tori to stay with you."
"Shall I send for Tori?"
Rose nodded. "If she'll come, I suppose that is best. There hasn't been any trouble recently, but it will set Jim's mind at ease."
"I can't lose her, Doc," Jim said in a hoarse whisper. "She's always doing foolishly reckless things."
Collin gently settled Jim back on the bed. "You get your rest, my friend, and Tori will look after your wife."
Collin left the infirmary and asked Jake to request Michael and Tori meet him in the office. Then he pulled a second armchair in from the waiting room and waited at his desk for them. "Kayden is coming with Michael," Jake told him. Collin grabbed another chair and sat into his own as Michael and Kayden arrived. Tori arrived a few seconds later.
"Shut the door." He waited for Tori to sit. The three chairs made the office cramped, and they were all close together. He kept his voice low so that it would not carry. "Director Zemmer wishes to return to the guard station tomorrow. She has requested that Michael escort her, and that you, Tori, act as her body guard until her husband has recovered enough to travel."
Michael rolled his eyes and leaned back.
Kayden leaned forward. "You mean Rose Bell is Director Zemmer?" She glanced at Tori. "You knew this?"
"She asked that we not say anything." Tori stood, but the tightness of the furniture prevented pacing. "I'm not leaving you, Sir. Or Charles." She studied the floor. "Or Quinn."
"Your loyalty is appreciated, Tori," Collin said softly. "I understand this is a temporary assignment. Apparently Rose is upset with Roger's actions and wishes to get him away from us. Frankly, I'd appreciate that also. He's making it difficult to work. I will be with Charles while you are gone. You do not need to worry."
"Last time I went with Rose, Charles was almost killed. Jim promised to keep an eye on him also," she accused. "You can't keep constant watch on Charles."
"Now, Tori. I thought we agreed that you couldn't either, but that he was safe in our infirmary. Since you've known that Director Zemmer has been traveling incognito, can you tell us her reasons? Is there some reason that you do not feel she deserves to be protected during her journey? Do you not trust her?"
"I trust her, or I would have said something to you immediately. She only wished to assess the situation on the planet without the baggage that would come with an official visit. And she wanted to determine the viability of tourism — the safety of the tourists and what restrictions she'd need to make."
"And you didn't think it necessary to warn Michael?"
"Why? He's an honorable man whether his boss is watching him or not. I didn't think I needed to break her trust when he was not in any way to be harmed, and neither are you."
"Does she know about those 4000 cores you brought?"
"No. I'm not sure how she'd feel about that." She gave a slight smile then. "You can use them, can't you? If every village had a dragon like Jake…."
"Yes!" Kayden said, jumping up. "Oh, yes. It'll be so great."
"Kayden, dear," Michael said, although Collin could see he was still upset about not knowing. "Roscha Zemmer could order this place searched. She could put restrictions on us. She could hire someone else to anonymously watch us, and she could also order us zapped from space."
Kayden sat on his lap. "Oh, quit being such a wet blanket. You said before you wouldn't care if you lost the government job…."
Michael rolled his eyes again and then focused on Collin. "You see what I'm talking about, don't you?"
"Yes, Michael," Collin said softly. "We must be careful. Tori, if you are truly committed to our work, then I would greatly appreciate if you'd go with Roscha during this week. As a body guard, I'm sure you would get a very close look at what this woman intends. That way we will know how much we should hide later."
Tori bit her lip. "Yes, Sir," she said, so low Collin almost didn't hear her.
"And Tori? You will not reveal any of our secrets no matter how much you come to trust her, will you? That is my decision alone."
"Yes, Sir," she said just as meekly. "I'll go pack." She slipped from the room.
Collin wished he could reassure her that Charles would indeed be fine in his care, but only time would tell her that.
Michael rubbed his hands over his face. "I suppose I should go and have a talk with her."
"Collin," came Jake's voice in his ear, and Collin suspected his ear only. "Tori is crying. Should I attempt to comfort her?"
"I better." He stood and gripped Michael's shoulder. "Let me know how things go."
Collin was almost to Tori's room when he remembered Quinn. "Where is Quinn?" he whispered.
"In the infirmary."
"Thanks." He jogged back downstairs and into the infirmary. Quinn sat reading the Austin Medical Review in the chair between Charles and James, both of the latter were awake.
"You will be relieved to know, Jim, that Tori has agreed to accompany your wife back to the station."
Quinn lowered the journal. "She's leaving?"
Charles seemed puzzled also. "I thought…."
"It is just for a week, you two. She'll be back and so will Rose. After all, we have her body guard and husband right here."
"Tori's leaving?" Quinn asked again.
Collin leaned over and gripped his shoulders. "It's not any different than when we go up to the cabin, or Michael goes to work in Alexandria for a few days. She will be back." He waited until Quinn seemed to accept that fact and relax before he continued. "But Quinn, for some reason she's hurting. Maybe she's afraid we won't be able to care for Charles while she's gone. Maybe you could reassure her."
Quinn jumped up and shot out of the room, ignoring his rib which must be protesting at the quick movements.
"Thanks, Doc," Jim whispered.
Roger stalked into the room and stopped before Jim, glaring down at him. "You're not going to let her leave you here, are you?"
Collin walked over to stand across from Roger. "Jim is still too ill to move that far."
Roger ignored him. "You demand that she stay here another week. You can't let her leave you."
Jim stared weakly up at Roger. "Rose is right," he whispered.
"Jim, I believe you've done too much today. Roger, I must ask you to leave. My patients need their rest."
Roger glared at Collin. "You're hiding something here, and I'm going to find it."
"Look in some other room, then," Collin said, rounding the bed and propelling Roger from the room by his shoulder. "You will not disturb my patients." Then he softly closed the door with Roger cursing on the other side. After dimming the lights he made his way to his chair.
Quinn stood outside Tori's door. He could only hear her weeping because Jake had allowed him to through her transceiver. It ripped at his heart. He tapped on the door and then opened it.
Tori stood looking over her clothing on the bed, but when she heard him, she glanced up and then whirled to face the corner of the room. She wiped her hands over her face.
"Tori?" he asked softly. Quinn walked to her and slipped his arms around her waist to hold her.
She remained stiff, not turning to face him. "What do you want?"
"Because I'm leaving. Then you'll marry someone else while I'm gone."
Gently Quinn turned her to face him. "Collin said you would only be gone a week. He said you were coming back."
"He's sending me away." Her sobs increased, and she clung to him.
"He is not sending you away," Jake said.
Tori lifted her head from his shoulder. "Jake?"
"Collin is not sending you away. Tori, why do you not trust Director Roscha that it will be only a week? Is there something we should know?"
She closed her eyes. "I… I… I guess I am overreacting again. I'm sorry I disturbed you, Quinn."
Quinn drew her closer and kissed her forehead and then her cheeks and finally her mouth. "I want you to disturb me," he whispered.
She pulled away and finished settling her clothing into her bag. She pointed to the trunk. "Make sure Collin gets that."
"What's in it?"
"Charles' research."
"Quinn, Tori," said Jake. "I am consulting Collin now, but perhaps I should take Charles' research to the lab. Roger is searching the house, and if there is trouble later, I do not want it lost." A slight pause. "Collin agrees. Bring it out to the barn."
Quinn opened the trunk. "Let me see if I can find a bag for these books. It'll be easier for Jake to carry."
"No. We need the whole thing." Tori whispered now, as she pulled away the lining of the trunk. "Inactive cores."
Quinn reached out to touch the plastic rectangles fit tight together. "Like Cee?"
"4000s, but they can be modified — with safety features also."
"Roger is outside the door. He is trying to listen," Cee whispered to them. "You cannot go through the house."
Quinn closed the trunk, and Tori sealed the lock. Then Quinn lifted the trunk to the middle of Tori's bed and drew the blanket around it, tying it tight. Then he opened the window. It would barely fit.
As they pushed it through, Tori asked, "You'll catch it, won't you, Jake?"
Jake winged by the window. He grasped the blanket and pulled the trunk to him. And then they watched as he flew toward the mountains, the trunk cradling beneath him.
When Jake had disappeared, Quinn drew Tori to him again. "You'll marry me, won't you?"
"Yes," she whispered. And she let him hold her all through the night.
The next morning Quinn motioned Michael back into the barn as they stood before it with the three wingdeer. Kayden and Kelsi would ride Sam, while Rose and Tori rode Bambi who would follow Sam anywhere. Kayden had sold Bambi's brother Berry, and one of Angie's calves from that same year. Michael would ride Angie's other two year old offspring, Betsy, with Roger behind him, as his Athena was too young for riders yet.
Michael followed Quinn back into the barn. "Something wrong?"
Quinn withdrew his money pouch from his pants pocket. It bulged with more coins than either of them usually carried in their pocket. "Here. I need an engagement ring. I'd get it if Collin would let me fly, but I want something as good as you got Kayden, but different. Think you'll have time on your way back?"
Michael grinned. "I might."
"I just need it before Tori gets back in a week."
"You can't just leave your husband here!" Roger yelled. "I refuse to let you do that."
Michael and Quinn walked from the barn to where the wingdeer waited. "I'll probably have time today," he assured Quinn before focusing on Rose.
The normally easy-going woman looked angry. "Get on the wingdeer."
Kelsi was already mounted behind Kayden on Sam. Tori was about to swing up onto Bambi's back, when Quinn stopped her to kiss her goodbye.
"If you do this, I'll make sure you never work again," Roger threatened. "I refuse to leave without Jim. I know he's your boss."
Michael sauntered over to Rose. "I wonder if perhaps he had the help of, oh, a friendly dragon, for part of the journey, if he'd settle down and ride the rest of the way."
Jake chuckled in Michael's ear. "Yes, Michael. I suppose I could help out. I certainly don't want him staying here."
Roger glared at Michael. "Your talking dragon isn't about to…."
Jake swooped from behind the barn, coming almost straight down at them. Bambi, Betsy, and Sam trotted out of the way, as Jake grabbed Roger's arms with his forepaws. "I will leave him at the rest area where we met," he called to Rose.
Rose stared after him, her mouth open, until he was a speck in the sky. Then she grinned at Michael. "Nice trick. And amazingly, I am not worried at all that a thirty foot talking dragon will hurt him." She swung herself up on Bambi's back as Kayden had taught her, and Tori rushed to mount behind her.
Michael got up on Betsy, and then they rose into the air. Michael's conversation with Rose had been very short, last night. He'd wanted to ask her many things about her plans for the planet, how she felt about his work, and about possibility of trade yet this fall, as he knew some of the villagers had extra crops and stock they were waiting to sell. But Rose had been fully fixed on her return trip. She told Michael what time she wished to be in Capitol and then dismissed him. She was no longer working to make his job easier by going along with his plans, she was completely in charge. He'd had several doubts about whether this woman was really Director Zemmer before he'd gone in to talk to her, but none afterward. She was as at home being in charge, as she'd been when she'd assisted him.
It was colder today, and Michael could see Kelsi clinging to Kayden in an effort to keep warm in spite of her sheepskin jacket. He really should have made sure they had hats and scarves for flight, but he'd expected to take them back in that lumbering wagon with those four horses making extra work for Niles. He'd seen Marta out in the barns a few times while the little one stayed with Niles or Gwen, but with Kayden helping with the tourists, the bulk of the work fell to Niles.
Halfway there they saw Jake flying back. Roscha glanced at Michael, but they kept going. When they landed at the clearing, Michael felt his stomach churn, and wondered if Rose felt the same thing about being at the site where her husband was almost killed. It didn't look much different except that the leaves of the deciduous trees had turned yellow and orange and were starting to litter the ground.
Roger stalked toward them. "I could have been killed! My arms are jarred from their sockets. Look at this coat." He fingered a rip on his sleeve. "I'm telling you, Roscha, you're going to lose your plush little job."
"Plush little job? Is that what they call directing a penal world these days. Mount the wingdeer or we'll leave you here in the middle of nowhere. I guarantee that the next dragon you meet won't be satisfied with ripping your jacket."
Roger glared as he grabbed Michael's hand and hauled himself up behind him. "I'm never coming back here again."
Michael chuckled as he urged Betsy back into the air. "That's good, because we don't want you back. Diplomacy is an art you don't have. Probably how you got yourself assigned to that out of the way guard station."
He knew Roger wanted to retaliate but couldn't while they were fifty feet up in the air. Instead he clutched Michael's waist and remained silent.
They rode straight through to the intake office where Roscha contacted the shuttle. She emerged from the building. "We have about an hour. Perhaps we should get lunch somewhere."
"Good idea," Michael agreed, and led them down the busy street to a serviceable restaurant he'd eaten at before. Roger followed them, but said nothing. Inside the dimly lit pub, Michael motioned to a corner table, and he sat with his back to the wall beside Kayden and adjacent to Rose.
After they had ordered their meal, Michael withdrew a paper from his pack and slid it over to Director Roscha. "We talked about trade. This is some of the excess from this year's harvest and what they will get on the local market, if you're interested in starting on a small basis."
She took the paper and scanned over it, a smile spreading over her face. "Oh, I see they have those wondrously juicy pearpricots." She leaned over to Kelsi, passing the list. "We can find room to store this stuff properly, can't we? I'll get Dryderi to start setting up trade to Frontier Base 28 and those mining bases. Except for what we eat ourselves."
Kelsi smiled and then stopped, meeting the director's gaze. "Would I report then to you on this project or Gail? Gail will expect me full time in hydroponics when I return."
"I will speak to Gail that you are to have time for this special project." Then Rose gave her a sharp look. "That is if you are staying."
"Staying? Of course, I am."
"Roger isn't. I'm expecting he will leave the station within the next week."
"What!" Roger stood and glared down at her. "You can't do that."
"I can do that. This is a restricted government base, and I have the authority to choose who I work with. You may have been able to belittle Director Raleigh when he asked you to do something, but I will not tolerate it." She did not raise her voice, and she did not get out of her chair. Instead she turned to Kelsi. "Will you remain?"
Kelsi didn't glance at Roger. "Yes, Ma'am. I'm staying here."
"I won't be surprised to hear that these murderous thieves have rioted and taken over the station." He stalked out of the restaurant.
Several people stared from the closer tables. Rose ignored them and focused on Michael. "Tell the citizens that we will accept their overflow at the going rate. They will need to ship their produce and processed meat to the intake station, but let me have this week to make arrangements for it."
"Director?" Kelsi asked timidly.
"You may still call me Rose, Kelsi. I do not mind friendliness; it is blatant hostility that I cannot tolerate."
"Rose, do you think that we can request the grains made into flour before we get it? We currently aren't set up to process it large scale."
"Sure. I'll let them know."
"You should know, Michael, that I am considering changes to your position, also."
Michael took a deep breath and nodded. He tried not to assume anything, like she had decided she wouldn't need him. "What did you have in mind?"
"Tell me, is your problem with Governor Hollis mainly over your choice of dragon-slaying locations?" She had a slight smile.
Michael relaxed. "Yeah. Mostly. He wants it for political advantage. I have no control over it, even if I wanted to accommodate him. I encountered two reptile dragons during my first few weeks on the planet. The first ate my poor government issue horse," and after living with a horse breeder for over a year he knew Twilight had probably been the sorriest horse in the governor's stables. "The next time my back was shredded. I am not looking forward to repeating the experience, so I defer to Quinn and Jake and have benefitted from their good will. I've always found it better to take a dragon head or two with me when I go for my salary."
Rose shook her head. "I will work at changing that then. There is no reason for you to go through Hollis for your salary from me. You do not work for him, and you do not need to be subjected to his whims. I will make that clear when I return."
Michael glanced at Kayden, and she squeezed his hand under the table. "Perhaps you could clarify what you see my duties as so that I may better fulfill them."
Rose thanked the waiter for their food before replying. "I think you said it quite well in the infirmary the other day. You are a liaison, and you will be a tour guide. You will take care of any special project I need done here. You will also keep me informed on the mood of the planet, how the citizens are responding to the changes, and what you see that can improve the mood of the citizens to hopefully prevent problems."
Michael relaxed and couldn't help his smile. "I had hoped we were seeing things the same way."
"This will be a long process, Michael," Rose cautioned softly. "I'm not sure the planet will be completely open for twenty, maybe fifty more years, but our job is to start the process of reconciliation."
"I understand. I'll do everything I can." They had been keeping their voices low, and now as the waitress approached again, they fell silent. Yes, here he was making a difference.
They finished eating and left the restaurant, making their way back to the immigration office. The shuttle roared overhead, startling a few horses whose owners were not expecting it.
A man ran toward them, but Tori intercepted him. In an instant he was held with his arm twisted behind his back, and his hunting knife, which had been at his waist, was on the ground. Michael had not been able to see Tori as a body guard — until now. She held the man to face Rose. "What is your business?" she asked.
Rose reached down and picked up the hunting knife. "What did you intend with this?"
"N… Nothing, Ma'am. Nothing." He winced, and Michael guessed that Tori was applying some pressure to the man's arm. "I… I was told… told… My letter," he cried, as the breeze blew a folded paper from the ground near them.
Michael grabbed it and opened it up. It was scribbled, as if quickly written. The address at the top was Luna — earth's moon colony. "Dear Ma," he read. "I just want to let you know we're doing good here. Jil and I have two more sons, Abe and Allen, and Wendi has two kids, Lorna and Hope. You're a great-grandma now. Joey's wife is pregnant, too. Love, Ban."
Rose glanced at Michael and then back at the man in Tori's grip. "Are you Ban?"
"Yes, Ma'am."
Rose motioned Tori to bring the man into the intake office to avoid the curious stares of others. Inside, Rose shut the outside door of the office, making the waiting room even darker than it normally was. Roger stood in the far corner, and he rolled his eyes as they entered. "That's a great way to start a riot. Harass the citizens."
Rose ignored Roger and motioned the man into a chair. Tori forcibly pushed him down. "Okay, so you want this letter taken to your mother," she guessed.
"If… if… I know there's no letters, but… but my ma must be getting old now and… and it'd…."
"How did you know I had the ability to take a letter off planet?" she asked, but Michael knew she knew the answer.
Ban nodded his head toward Roger. "He sez you was Director Zemmer, and… and… He sez I should try to get my… my sorry arse off this planet. But I don't want off, Director. Honest, I don't. We got a good life here now. I just want my ma to know we ain't dragon-ate. She worried, you know."
Rose indicated that Tori could release Ban. "How long have you been here, Ban?"
"Sixteen years. It was hard at first, but it's good now, Ma'am."
Rose took the letter from Ban and noted the addressee and date. "Give Michael your address, Ban. I'll take this up, and if your mother is still alive, I'll send it on. If not, I'll send a message back to Michael. But…." And she waited a second, staring into his eyes to make sure he heard her. "Can you promise me that you will try to keep this incident to yourself? We are not set up to handle a large volume of people searching for relatives. Maybe someday, but not for quite a few years. Do you understand? I am working on improving your medical facilities and finding a way to eliminate the reptile dragons, and we cannot be distracted from these first goals. Can I trust you to not speak of this letter again, or should I not take it at all?"
"I… I won't say a word about it."
"You may tell people that Director Zemmer was here, and she is working on a plan to destroy the reptile dragons."
His eyes grew wider, and his head bobbed with nods as he rubbed the circulation back into the arm Tori had held. "Destroy the dragons. You really are?"
"I'm working with Hans Trapper. Now you can go. Michael will return your knife later."
The man scooted toward the door, hesitating until Michael took his address. Then he ran outside.
Michael took the knife from Rose and slipped it into his pack. "So, you have a plan for wide scale dragon removal?"
She smiled. "You can't stop people from talking, but you can sometimes direct the conversation. No. I don't have a formal plan yet, but Hollis wants one, and I think I have found the only dragonslayers on the planet. Perhaps more can be trained. I just have to decide how and what restrictions there will be."
Michael grinned. "Yeah. I got lucky and was rescued by Jake when I was attacked by that dragon. I know that only Tole Tanneries sells dragon-hide products, and we're the only ones supplying him with raw product."
"We?" Rose teased. "Tell me, is the good doctor a dragon hunter also? Perhaps Hans himself as that small rumor in the village speculated?"
"Now Hans likes to keep a low profile. Someone has to be available to stitch people up, don't they?"
The pilot came into the room then, and Roger tried to slip back to the shuttle. Instantly he was grabbed by the shuttle's two security guards. "Just one moment there."
"Let go of me, you idiots. I belong up there."
The guards ignored his protesting, holding tight to his arms. "Is he a passenger?" one asked the clerk.
But the clerk simply deferred to Rose. "If he is a problem for you, Director…."
Roger cursed.
Rose gave a slight smile. "He'd cause too much trouble down here. Yes, Ernie, Karn, take Roger back up, but he's lost employee status, so I'll need his identification changed when we get up there. In fact, he doesn't even have full guest status. He has proven to be a liability in a delicate military situation."
"Yes, Ma'am." Ernie looked about the room. "And Jim?"
"Jim is staying for a few more weeks."
"He's lying half dead in some village. You guys need to go get him. She's going to leave him here to die."
Rose's face hardened. "Get that man out of my sight. He'll sit in the prison class section."
"Yes, Ma'am." And they dragged Roger away.
Rose closed her eyes and took a deep breath. When she opened them she looked at Michael and attempted a smile. "You may assure Quinn that I will come back to exchange my husband for his fiancée." She touched Tori's arm. "Thanks for coming," she said, her voice cracking, although it was barely above a whisper. "Let's go."
As soon as they were gone, Michael went outside to where Kayden stood with the wingdeer. She hugged him. "Sounds like Rose likes you," she said with a grin. "And you were worried. I know you were."
Michael tickled her. "I was not going to assume a thing, presumptuous one. Now we need to go buy Quinn a ring."
"Quinn?"
But Michael teased her and wouldn't tell her what Quinn had asked until they were at the jewelry store.


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March 18, 2015 March 18, 2015 Chad Curlett	Leave a comment
As fans complete their March Madness bracket sheets for their office pools, many will wonder, if only fleetingly, is this legal? While we will not opine on the legality of such endeavors in this post, we draw your attention to at least one prosecutor's office that thinks otherwise. Fox News reports that a New Jersey man faces criminal prosecution after the pool he managed grew to an $837,000 pot and payouts were being made to the Genovese crime family. It seems the Know Your Customer rules apply to those running sports brackets as well as banks.
March 4, 2015 March 4, 2015 Chad Curlett	Leave a comment
The Washington Post reports how an FBI agent was able to procure drugs to feed his heroin addiction – by skimming them from bags seized as evidence in criminal cases. Our own Steve Levin is quoted in the article, "It's shocking that there was such little oversight," said Steven H. Levin, a private lawyer in Baltimore with 10 years' experience as a federal prosecutor. "It's something you would expect to see on a made-for-TV movie. . . . You're thinking, there is no way that could ever happen. And that's what happened."
In a related story, "Man Figures He Has 2 More Bites of Roommate's Leftovers Before It's Noticeable."
March 2, 2015 March 2, 2015 Chad Curlett	2 Comments
The Washington Post reports that the District of Columbia is to pay $9.2 million to a man wrongfully convicted of rape and robbery who spent more than 22 years in prison. According to the Post, Kirk L. Odom, 52, is one of five D.C. men convicted of rape or murder whose charges have been vacated since 2009 because they were based on erroneous forensics and testimony by an elite unit of FBI hair experts.
February 20, 2015 Chad Curlett	Leave a comment
Here at Levin & Curlett, we keep an eye on the global tumult that may lead to international criminal proceedings in The Hague, whether before the International Criminal Court of one of the ad hoc Tribunals.
Of late, our attention, as well as the world at large, has been focused on the Islamic State (or ISIL, or ISIS, or Da'esh, depending on whom you ask). This week the United Nations Security Counsel expressly condemned the murder of 21 Egyptian Coptic Christians in Libya. "The members of the Council further emphasized that such 'continued acts of barbarism perpetrated' by ISIL do not intimidate them but rather stiffen their resolve that there has to be a common effort amongst Governments and institutions, including those in the region most affected, 'to counter ISIL, Ansar Al Sharia entities…and all other…entities associated with Al-Qaida,' as the Council resolved in its resolutions 2170 (2014) and 2199 (2015), adopted just last week." Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon also condemned the actions.
Whether through military engagement or the mechanism of international criminal justice, or both, the threat must be checked.
There are 2 morals to this story: always pay your lawyers, and never represent yourself.
February 17, 2015 February 19, 2015 Chad Curlett	Leave a comment
Lance Armstrong loses $10 million arbitration ruling.
The New York Times reports that an arbitration panel has ordered the cyclist to pay $10 million in a fraud dispute with SCA Promotions citing an "unparalleled pageant of perjury, fraud and conspiracy" related to the cover-up of Armstrong's use of performance enhancing drugs. Armstrong's lawyer stated that the ruling is "contrary to Texas law" and predicted it would be overturned in court. Such confidence is, in all likelihood, misplaced. Courts routinely uphold awards even when the law is misapplied by arbitrators. The standard to throw out an arbitration award requires the panel to have acted "in manifest disregard of the law." That standard is rarely met. If I were a betting man, I'd wager Armstrong eventually writes the check.
Judge Alex Kozinski of the U.S. 9th Circuit Court of Appeals has spoken of an "epidemic" of prosecutorial misconduct in California.
Both the New York Times and the Los Angeles Times have published editorials since yesterday calling for legal reform that will allow prosecutors to be held accountable for misconduct.
Further illustrating the widespread and pervasive nature of corruption in the criminal justice system, on Saturday the Baltimore Sun's Mark Puente published an article examining how a criminal case can fall apart when the police are, shall we say, less than truthful in their affidavits submitted to courts in support of search warrants.
Baltimore drug probe crumbles after court challenge


Happy Monday to one and all! Here's hoping for a great week for each of us with no horror stories to tell over shots at happy hour on Friday. Oh hell, who am I kidding? Let's just hope that we all survive and can keep from hitting the tequila mid-week.
This entry was posted in Everyday Musings and tagged fun, humor, just for fun, life, Monday, observations, work. Bookmark the permalink.
Thanks! 😀 Hope your week went well!
woo hoo! but hide the bodies gooder if'n ya decide someone really pissed ya off and they needed killed.
Hey, I'm not picky. Pass the Gran Petron, please.