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Failure, Narrative, Politics & Architecture
Léopold Lambert argues that failure is an essential - if not the only - generator of narrative in architecture.
First scene: A bureaucrat is sitting in a closed room surveying the machine that continuously supplies miles of administrative registries in a sort of choreography that seems to have neither start nor end. In the background, the television reiterates its continuous flow of verbal matter. Everything is functioning as it is supposed to be, the system and its cogs are operative. Yet, in this first scene, i.e. when the film really starts, the bureaucrat in charge, bothered by a fly, resolutely kills the latter that then fell into the machine. From there, the corpse of the fly is transformed into a typo on a paper that, we will soon learn it, is a warrant of arrest. The person whose name was accidently registered by the machine will see his apartment raided through its own walls by some sort of military police, his neighbor will undertake to prove his innocence, she will meet the main character who will ultimately rebel against the administrative system from which he was part of.
Still from the opening scene of Terry Gilliam's Brazil.
Many of you will have recognized Terry Gilliam's film Brazil that will help me illustrate my argument in this text. This argument is that failure is an essential (it might actually be the only one) generator of narrative. But, first of all, what is failing in narrative? What is this object that is described to us as the subject of an entropy that will make it completely different from the beginning of the story to the end of it? This object is nothing else than the physical, social, emotional or cultural context in which the narrative is embedded into. Whether we are talking about the totalitarian bureaucracy of Brazil, the mental state of Jack Nicholson's character in The Shining or the lives of the inhabitants of One Hundred Years of Solitude, the narrative is always triggered by a form of disaggregation of the conditions in which it is set.
Such an observation implies that narrative is a powerful political tool, as it proposes scenarios that destroy the statu quo and thus contributes to a revolutionary imaginary. The totalitarian press is well-known for its continuous flow of comforting reports and news; in some sorts the latter can be considered as counter-narratives. "Tout va bien, dormez braves gens" (everything is good, sleep well good people). This used to be the sentence screamed by the night watch in feudal France, before the clock was invented and democratized. "Everything is good" i.e. the system is operating without failure, has for consequence the ability for "good people" to sleep. There are no failures, therefore no stories to tell, and therefore no material on which an articulation of subjectivity – proper to the political act – can be based upon.
What does architecture have to do with that? Architecture is a discipline that involves numerous counter-narratives through the formalization of a series of causes and intended consequences: I design a door here, so that one enters the building here, I write the word "bedroom" on my plan here, so that one will sleep here, I place a lock here, so that no one could enter here etc. The failure of architecture is not as interesting when it is self-destructive, when it collides or when the roof leaks etc., but rather, when the architect's decisions, which are necessarily political to a certain degree, obtain different results than the one originally expected. When I write architect here, I do not mean only the person responsible for the design of an architecture – although I suspect that most of the readers of this text will be architects in that sense – but rather, the totality of actors who project a certain amount of political conditions that architecture will have to implement. Whether these projections involve the establishment of a normative body, the containment of a social class on a given territory, the optimization of police operations or, more simply, the implementation of private property, the comfort of domesticity or the safety of "good people", there is something inherently problematic in the transcendence that the architect embodies in relation to the people who will be hosted by this architecture.
The failure, and therefore the creation of a narrative, here therefore consist in the discrepancy of these projected intentions and their actual concretization. Just like a national political system fails through the unexpected behavior of its subjects, architecture – another form of political system – fails when unintended behaviors start to appear within it and the transcendence of the architect is replaced by the immanence of architecture's inhabitants. The only thing that architects can do about it, consists in embracing such a failure, and go as far as including it within their design in an act of self-contradiction beneficial to the people subjected by it.
Wednesday 19 June 2013 /
Léopold Lambert is a French architect and writer currently living in New York. He is the editor of The Funambulist, a daily architectural platform and author of Weaponized Architecture: The Impossibility of Innocence (published with dpr-barcelona) and The Funambulist Pamphlets (published with Punctum Books).
Ultraviolence in Representation: The Enduring Myth of the Thamesmead Estate
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Charlie Clemoes


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Surgical oncology is a specialized form of surgery that involves treating, managing and preventing various types of cancers. A surgical oncologist not only removes tumors, cancerous cells and growths, but also takes the measures to avoid the potential spread and further risk of more cancer.
Surgical oncologists traditionally concentrate on the surgical removal of tumors, lymph nodes and cancerous cells. Surgical oncologists receive special training to gain familiarity with the biology and history of cancers. They work closely with other specialists in the fields of radiation, chemotherapy and pathology to properly treat and manage a patient's overall health.
Oncological surgery is used to remove cancerous growths and sometimes to biopsy suspected malignancies. According to the journal Cancer Medicine, surgical oncologists also may incorporate adjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy in their treatment of patients. Adjuvant chemotherapy is the use of drugs as additional treatment for patients with cancers that have spread beyond the original site of the disease. Immunotherapy attempts to use the body's own immune system to fight against cancer.
Following a surgical procedure, a surgical oncologist will examine treatment options depending on the results and the severity of the surgery performed. Some surgical procedures may partially or severely alter a patient's eating, drinking, moving, breathing and bathroom habits. Thus, the surgical oncologist may discuss with the patient the many lifestyle changes he may encounter, and guide him to appropriate resources for assistance.
Each surgery depends on the type of cancer, the distance it has spread and the overall condition of the patient. When cancer has spread far beyond its original site, its removal by surgery is less likely. According to the Encyclopedia of Surgery, surgery may be used just to relieve pain, control bleeding or remove infections.?A surgical oncologist excises tumors with the hope of preventing the further spread of disease. Tumors may need to be removed from organs such as the lungs, tongue, throat, colon, bladder or prostate, among others. They also may need to be removed from ligaments, limbs and tendons.
The mortality rate involved with surgical oncology can be high if tumors are close to major organs or if major parts of the body need to be removed. Certain cancers and treatments are so debilitating to the body that patients may be in a weakened state prior to surgery, which also raises the risk of death. Surgical oncologists view each patient carefully to fully understand the risks of each procedure, the Encyclopedia of Surgery states. The benchmark for success of survival following the removal of tumors and cancerous cells is five years disease-free. The Encyclopedia of Surgery says that after five years, patients are generally considered cured.

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File #: Res 0304-2002 Version: * Name: LU 168 - ULURP, 303 Beach 49th St Firehouse EMS, Queens (020078ZSQ)
Type: Resolution Status: Adopted
Committee: Committee on Land Use
Title: Resolution approving the decision of the City Planning Commission on ULURP No. C 020078 ZSQ (L.U. No. 168), grant of a special permit pursuant to Section 74-67 of the Zoning Resolution to allow a combined fire and ambulance station in an R4 District, within the Edgemere Urban Renewal Area, Queens.
Sponsors: Melinda R. Katz
Attachments: 1. Committee Report, 2. Hearing Transcript - Stated Meeting - May 21, 2002
5/21/2002 * Melinda R. Katz City Council Approved, by Council Pass Action details Meeting details Not available
5/16/2002 * Melinda R. Katz Committee on Land Use Approved by Committee Action details Meeting details Not available
THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK RESOLUTION NO. 304 Title Resolution approving the decision of the City Planning Commission on ULURP No. C 020078 ZSQ (L.U. No. 168), grant of a special permit pursuant to Section 74-67 of the Zoning Resolution to allow a combined fire and ambulance station in an R4 District, within the Edgemere Urban Renewal Area, Queens. Body By Council Members Katz and Felder WHEREAS, the City Planning Commission filed with the Council on April 9, 2002 its decision dated April 3, 2002 (the "Decision") on the application submitted by the Fire Department and the Department of Citywide Administrative Services, pursuant to Sections 197-c and 201 of the New York City Charter for the grant of a special permit pursuant to Section 74-67 of the Zoning Resolution to permit a combined fire and ambulance station to be located on the north side of Rockaway Beach Boulevard from Beach 48th Street to Beach 49th Street (Block 15840/Lot 1), in an R4 District, within the Edgemere Urban Renewal Area, Borough of Queens (ULURP No. C 020078 ZSQ) (the "Application"); WHEREAS, the Application is related to Application Number C 020079 PSQ (L.U. No. 167), site selection of property; WHEREAS, the City Planning Commission has made the findings required pursuant to Section 74-67 of the Zoning Resolution; WHEREAS, the Decision is subject to review and action by the Council pursuant to Section 197-d(b)(3) of the City Charter; WHEREAS, upon due notice, the Council held a public hearing on May 14, 2002 on the Decision and Application; WHEREAS, the Council has considered the relevant environmental issues and the Negative Declaration, issued on June 21, 2001 (CEQR No. 01CFD007Q); and ___________ Page 2 of 2 C 020078 ZSQ Reso. No. 304 (L.U. No. 168) WHEREAS, the Council has considered the land use implications and other policy issues relating to the Decision and Application; RESOLVED: The Council finds that the action described herein will have no significant effect on the environment; and Pursuant to Sections 197-d and 200 of the New York City Charter and on the basis of the Decision and Application, the Council approves the Decision. Adopted. Office of the City Clerk, } The City of New York, } ss.: I hereby certify that the foregoing is a true copy of a Resolution passed by The Council of The City of New York on May 21, 2002, on file in this office. ................................................ City Clerk, Clerk of the Council


How did we "Give It Back" at our Inaugural Volleyball Camp in August ?
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Located in Kent, Tacoma, and Burien Washington, CTC's facilities are warm and inviting, and the staff is skilled and caring. The programs are customized and comprehensive. Therapy looks a lot like play. Yet the impact is life changing for the child as well as the family.
At CTC, they know that parents are integral to their child's development. Family members and other caregivers are encouraged to join in therapy, play alongside their child, and discover how to include therapeutic strategies into their child's daily routine. Along the way, they offer parents practical suggestions on how to address the issues that are most impacting their child's quality of life. Together with parents, CTC celebrate big and small indicators of progress as they work towards helping each child reach his or her full potential.
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BARRYVILLE, NY (October 30, 2013) – Sullivan Trailkeeper is an online resource outlet for hiking trails and public lands in Sullivan County with easy-to-read, easy-to-access maps and facilities information and guides to hiking safety.
In celebration of its one year anniversary, the Trailkeeper.org partners are pleased to announce an educational walk through the Minisink Battleground located off Scenic Byway Route 97 on County Road 168 in Barryville, NY on Sunday, November 10 from 12:00 – 2:00 p.m.
Sullivan County Historian John Conway will lead a short stroll and guided talk through the wooded paths of the Battleground, site of the only Revolutionary War battle fought in the Upper Delaware Region.
The Woodland Trail is a short, mildly challenging trail featuring informative signage, wetlands, a rock quarry, and a wide variety of wildlife, eventually looping around to the Minisink Battle Monument.
The Minisink Battleground Trails are featured on the website trailkeeper.org/, an online outlet for hiking trails and public lands in Sullivan County, NY with easy-to-read maps and trail information that matches hiker to trail. TrailKeeper.org also links hikers to nearby dining, lodging and attractions and offers hiking safety information.
This mid-afternoon meander will be followed by local, hot apple cider and fall harvest treats. Participation is free but pre-registration is strongly encouraged. The public can register with Catskill Mountainkeeper by calling Erin Burch at 845-707-1326 by November 8.
Visit www.TrailKeeper.org to learn more about the trail, view a map, and print directions.
Trailkeeper.org, launched in September 2012, is the result of a partnership between the Delaware Highlands Conservancy, Catskill Mountainkeeper, the Sullivan County Division of Planning and Environmental Management, the Sullivan County Visitors Association, Cornell Cooperative Extension and Morgan Outdoors, with support from the National Park Service, NY/NJ Trail Conference, Sullivan Renaissance and the Upper Delaware Council. For more information onTrailKeeper.org, email info@trailkeeper.org or contact Catskill Mountainkeeper at 845-482-5400.


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Dmitri Fiodorovitch Oustinov (en ), né le  à Samara (Empire russe) et mort Le  à Moscou (Union soviétique), est un ingénieur, homme politique et militaire soviétique. Il fut ministre de la Défense et maréchal de l'Union soviétique.

Biographie
Dmitri Oustinov a organisé l'invasion de l'Afghanistan par l'Armée soviétique en 1979. Oustinov prévoyait l'acheminement de 75 à  afin que l'opération fût menée à bien. La plupart d'entre eux, au moins durant les premières semaines de l'intervention, ne seraient pas des Russes, mais des soldats originaires des pays frontaliers du nord de l'Afghanistan, partageant les mêmes coutumes et tout particulièrement la religion. En effet, inquiets de la réaction de la population afghane à l'intervention, les dirigeants soviétiques espéraient que l'envoi de telles troupes serait mieux accepté par les Afghans, témoignage de la méfiance et de la crainte qui continuaient d'animer les dirigeants soviétiques.

La ville d'Ijevsk a été brièvement (1984-1987) nommée Oustinov en son honneur.

Son épouse est décédée en 1975.

Références

Liens externes

 http://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/dimitri-oustinov/

Naissance dans le gouvernement de Samara
Naissance en octobre 1908
Naissance à Samara
Héros de l'Union soviétique
Héros du travail socialiste
Ingénieur soviétique
Maréchal de l'Union soviétique
Ministre soviétique de la Défense
Personnalité inhumée dans la nécropole du mur du Kremlin
Personnalité politique soviétique
Récipiendaire de l'ordre de Karl-Marx
Récipiendaire de l'ordre de Koutouzov, 1re classe
Récipiendaire de l'ordre de Lénine
Récipiendaire de l'ordre de Scharnhorst
Récipiendaire de l'ordre de Souvorov, 1re classe
Titulaire de la médaille pour la Défense de Moscou
Titulaire de la médaille « Pour le Travail Vaillant dans la Grande Guerre patriotique 1941-1945 »
Décès en décembre 1984
Décès à 76 ans
Décès à Moscou
Récipiendaire de l'ordre de la Croix de Grunwald

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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UEFA Champions League - Bayern 1-1 Villarreal (agg 1-2): Last-gasp Chukwueze sends Spanish side through to semi-finals - News
Bayern 1-1 Villarreal (agg 1-2): Last-gasp Chukwueze sends Spanish side through to semi-finals
Extra time beckoned following Robert Lewandowski's second-half goal, but after soaking up so much pressure the Spanish side struck late to set up a semi-final against Liverpool or Benfica.
Highlights: Bayern 1-1 Villarreal
Villarreal's remarkable UEFA Champions League campaign continues as a resilient back-to-the-wall display set the foundation for a dramatic smash and grab at Bayern München, substitute Samu Chukwueze coming off the bench to complete an electric counterattack with only two minutes remaining.
52' Clinical Lewandowski levels tie
72' Müller heads fine chance wide
84' Chukwueze comes off visitors' bench
88' Chukwueze sends Villarreal through!
Match in brief: Chukwueze snatches it at the last
Samu Chukwueze wheels away after his decisive late goalAFP via Getty Images
The onus was on Bayern following last week's 1-0 defeat in Spain, and the home side took up the responsibility from the off, setting up camp in the Villarreal half. Yet for all their intent the Bundesliga champions reached the interval with little in the way of meaningful chances to show for it.
Much of the credit went to the visitors' yellow wall, but one lapse seven minutes into the second period and all the good work was undone as Kingsley Coman capitalised on a loose pass out of defence. The ball was recycled through Thomas Müller and then Lewandowski, who coolly applied the clinical finish.
Villarreal were rocking for a while, but 36-year-old Raúl Albiol helped them back onto their feet before Chukwueze unleashed the sucker punch. It was a move that began right on the edge of their own box, Dani Parejo and Giovani Lo Celso leading the charge before Chukwueze swept in Gerard Moreno's cross.
When and where is the 2022 Champions League final?
Champions League results and semi-final dates
PlayStation® Player of the Match: Raúl Albiol (Villarreal)
Player of the Match: Albiol highlights and reaction
"He demonstrated great leadership on the pitch, a real role model. He was very strong in the air and in one-on-one situations. He read the game with intelligence."
UEFA Technical Observer panel
As it happened: Bayern 1-1 Villarreal
Jordan Maciel, Bayern reporter
For 88 minutes, Bayern were in control of the match and looked the likelier team to progress to the semi-finals. But in the end, they were undone by a goal that epitomises their shortcomings this season. The competition top scorers they may be, but they have looked far too susceptible on the break – and have ultimately paid the price.
Highlights: Villarreal 1-0 Bayern
Delfín Ramírez, Villarreal reporter
Villarreal are back in the UEFA Champions League semi-finals for the second time in their history after a 16-year wait. A marvellous prize for a small-town team that has wonderful ideas about how to play the game.
Raúl Albiol, Villarreal defender: "We want more. We see ourselves as capable of causing all our opponents problems."
Unai Emery, Villarreal coach: "The [round of 16] game against Juventus gave us a lot of confidence and here it was another huge game, but the first leg already said a lot about us. We were perfect in defence."
Emery: 'When you're the hammer, you must hit'
Gerard Moreno, Villarreal forward: "We feel a lot of happiness. Ever since the draw paired us with Bayern, we have been telling ourselves that we could do it. The belief and the way this team competes has helped us to achieve it."
Thomas Müller, Bayern forward: "If you take just this game into account, without the first game, we should have gone through convincingly. It's difficult to accept this; I don't know what to say."
Julian Nagelsmann, Bayern coach: "The first leg was key – that's where we lost the tie. We didn't play well then; today we were very good. Tactically and intensity-wise, it was one of our best games in recent months."
Owen Hargreaves, BT Sport
"Villarreal were brilliant over two legs; they deserve it. Credit to Emery: he has the game plans to nullify some of the best players in the world."
Robert Lewandowski in familiar poseAFP via Getty Images
Villarreal are through to the Champions League semi-finals for only the second time – they lost 1-0 on aggregate against Arsenal in 2005/06.
Bayern mustered 24 shots to Villarreal's four in Munich.
Villarreal have lost only one of their last nine matches in the knockout phase of the Champions League (W3 D5).
Top scorer Lewandowski hit nine goals in Bayern's five Champions League home games this season, compared to four away.
Chukwueze's goal was only his sixth of the season in all competitions for Villarreal, and his first of 2022.
Fantasy star performers
Lucas Hernández – 7
Raúl Albiol – 7
Samu Chukwueze – 6
Bayern: Neuer; Pavard, Upamecano, Hernández (Davies 87); Sané, Kimmich, Goretzka, Coman; Müller (Choupo-Moting 90), Musiala (Gnabry 82); Lewandowski
Villarreal: Rulli; Foyth, Albiol, Pau Torres, Estupiñán; Parejo (Aurier 90+3), Capoue, Coquelin (Chukwueze 84); Gerard Moreno, Danjuma (Pedraza 82), Lo Celso
Villarreal will face Liverpool in the semi-finals. The first leg takes place at Anfield on 27 April, with the second leg in Spain on 3 May.
© 1998-2023 UEFA. All rights reserved. Last updated: Wednesday, 13 April 2022
Liverpool vs Madrid: Past meetings
How previous Liverpool vs Real Madrid matches have gone, and why seeing red brings the best out of Karim Benzema.
Top scorer: Karim Benzema
Karim Benzema finished as top scorer in the 2021/22 UEFA Champions League.
Meet the quarter-finalists
The UEFA Champions League quarter-finalists in profile.


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where k = −1 for H3 and k = 1 for S3. The Euclidean case can be viewed as a special case where k = 0. The rigidity of the mean curvature integral can be used to show new rigidity results for isometric embeddings and provide new proofs of some well-known results. This, together with far-reaching extensions of the results of the present note is done in a preprint by Rivin and Schlenker. Our result should be compared with the well-known formula of Herglotz.


Petrol prices seem to be always going up, so it can feel like a painful experience whenever you have to go to the pumps. But a few small changes could save you money, and could help you reduce your impact on the environment too. Here are some of the things to make sure you're doing to increase your fuel economy.
If you're not in a rush, don't be afraid to take it easy on the roads. Not only will this make you safer, it will also make a big difference to your fuel consumption. The AA says that going 70mph rather than 80mph can use 25% less fuel, and reducing your speed further down to 60 can save a further 15%!
Having slightly flat tyres can create unwanted drag on your car that can cost you money. Check your tyre pressures to ensure that you are getting the best performance out of your car, especially when you are initially pulling away.
When it's really hot you might not want to follow this advice but, when the weather is cooler, turning your air-con off can make a huge difference to fuel consumption. Although this is not so much the case for the latest cars, many older cars will benefit a huge amount from this. Reducing your usage of air-con in start stop traffic will make the most significant difference to your fuel usage - around 5-10%!
Ensure that you do use your air con from time to time as not using it for prolonged period may cause it to break. At high speeds the air-con does not make a huge difference to fuel consumption so this would be the most ideal time.
Put simply, the further you're holding the accelerator pedal down, the more fuel you're using. This is one of the easiest ways to save on fuel as all you need to do is keep your revs low and change up in gears before the engine is under strain. Gradually getting up to speed is often just as quick as accelerating fast as you can plan ahead more efficiently and avoid braking.
We all know to avoid motorway service stations as they can cost an arm and a leg for petrol but there are also significant price differences in your local petrol stations too. It's best to be aware of when you're are getting a good deal and when you need to wait for the next opportunity. The RAC have a handy Fuel Watch page that will inform you of the average UK prices and a likely forecast of what will happen to prices that you can find here: https://www.rac.co.uk/drive/advice/fuel-watch/.
Many people believe that it is more cost effective to refuel when it is cold as the fuel is denser. Unfortunately this is not the case, as fuel pumps measure by volume and the overall difference is very small, which means the savings are small too.
Topping your car up after the clunk to get the most out of your tank can actually be doing serious damage to your vehicle, having detrimental effects to other components.
Unless your car is specifically using start-stop technology then it can take a considerable amount of fuel to get it going. Therefore switching your engine off and back on again for a short wait can cost you. In these cases it's better to leave it ticking over. That said, if you're going to be waiting for a couple of minutes or more, it'll be worth switching your car off.


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text:
Azerbaijan eyes to increase number of representative offices abroad (UPDATE)
(MENAFN - Trend News Agency) Details added (first version posted on 15:28)
Baku, Azerbaijan, Nov.10
By Leman Zeynalova - Trend:
The decision of Norway to close its embassy in Azerbaijan is regrettable, but this is the decision of the Norwegian government, Azerbaijani Foreign Ministry's acting spokeswoman Leyla Abdullayeva told Trend Nov. 10.
She was commenting on the message of the Norwegian Foreign Ministry about the closure of the embassy in Azerbaijan.
'Azerbaijan has warm, comprehensive relations with Norway,' she said. 'Equinor, Norway's biggest energy company [formerly Statoil], was one of the first foreign companies in Azerbaijan in the 1990s and participated in the Contract of the Century. Famous Norwegian ethnographer Thor Heyerdahl, the author of the theory of ancient relations between the Norwegian Vikings and Azerbaijanis, was a great friend of Azerbaijan. Numerous projects in various fields have been implemented between the two countries.'
Abdullayeva added that presently, according to available information, the Norwegian side intends to maintain its representation in Azerbaijan through consular activities.
'However, it is not yet clear in what form this representation will be carried out - in the status of an honorary or diplomatic consulate,' she said.
Abdullayeva also clarified the issue of the possibility of Azerbaijan's closing its embassy in Sweden.
'We don't intend to close our embassy anywhere, including in Stockholm,' she said. 'The principle 'The flag once raised will never fall' is important for sovereign and independent states. On the contrary, given the very active foreign policy pursued by Azerbaijan and the growing respect from the international community, we intend to further increase the number of representative offices abroad.'
Follow the author on Twitter: @Lyaman_Zeyn
#Azerbaijan
#Norway
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I have an old dirt bike from when I was a kid and I want to get it running again for my kids. The gas tank has a good layer of rust and crud inside. Any tips for repairing this?
I have used electrolysis on several old jerry cans with good effect - there are numerous methods for using it on the web.
You'll also want to finish the job with a sealer - Kreem is one brand, IIRC, they are common for rebuilding motorcycle gas tanks.
I've even seen tanks half filled with gravel and then rotated to remove rust and scale.
It will be a slow process and patience is required...Good Luck!
No advise on how to clean it but Red Kote will seal it well once it is clean.
Have you ever seen a man eat so much fish?
Never used this stuff but I know their are several product lines to take care of tanks.
Here are a few ideas from a quick search. It's on the internet it must be good.
I suffered trail rejection from a carb infection and after futher inspection fuel injection was my election for proper correction and now I want some gear selection, any question?
Pay close attention to the pictures.
Did you ever get this fixed? I've had good results using distilled white vinegar. Make sure to neutralize it afterward. (I use baking soda for that.) It's a matter of opinion, but I wouldn't coat it - too much risk the coating can flake off, causing more problems than it solves.
Last edited by Jim B; June 15th, 2018 at 12:28 PM.
Did you ever get this fixed? I've had good results using distilled white vinegar. Make sure to neutralize it afterward. (I use baking soda for that.) It's a matter of opinion, but I wouldn't coat it - too much risk the coating can flake off causing more problems than it solves.
I haven't done anything with it yet. I did more searching and found good feedback on the vinegar option. A product called Metal Rescue also seems to have good reviews but afaik it's not available locally. So I've been occupying myself with other to-do list items while I decide if I want to buy MR or try vinegar first. I'll post an update whenever I try it, whichever it is. Thanks for the suggestions!
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A recently married lady of the hour died in a somewhat mysterious way. Zainab Sodangi died 10 days after she got married to Salim Sondagi.
Zainab, who got married on the 29th of August 2017, was at home accepting guests and entertaining them, talking and snickering when she said she was worn out and she sat in a seat at that point suddenly quit breathing. She died with her eyes open.
Relatives say she had not whined of any ailment, not by any means headache. They say she was an exceptionally kind individual and had no issues with anybody.


text:
Partisans, nonpartisans, and the antiwar movement in the United States
Heaney, M. T. and Rojas, F. (2007) Partisans, nonpartisans, and the antiwar movement in the United States. American Politics Research, 35(4), pp. 431-464. (doi: 10.1177/1532673X07300763)
American social movements are often bitterly divided about whether their objectives are achieved better by working with one of the major political parties or by operating independently. These divisions are consequential for how social movements and political parties respond to one another. First, differing partisan attitudes shape the structure of activist networks, leading activists to join organizations with others who share their party loyalties or disloyalties. Second, partisan attitudes affect how activists participate in the movement, with strong partisans more likely to embrace institutional tactics, such as lobbying. Third, partisanship affects activists' access to the institutions of government, such as Congress. Relying on surveys of antiwar activists attending large-scale public demonstrations in 2004 and 2005 and a Capitol Hill Lobby Day in September 2005, the authors argue that some activists integrate into major party networks through the "party in the street," an arena of significant party-movement interaction.
Funding was provided by the Institution for Social and Policy Studies at Yale University, the Department of Political Science at the University of Florida, and the Department of Sociology at Indiana University, Bloomington.
Heaney, Dr Michael
Heaney, M. T., and Rojas, F.
College of Social Sciences > School of Social and Political Sciences
American Politics Research
Ms Rachael Briggs


text:
India's first NewsPortal on Projects
Home ARCHIVE Public entities to set up new urea plant
Public entities to set up new urea plant
PM News Bureau
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India's public sector entities National Fertilisers Ltd, Engineers India Ltd and Fertiliser Corporation of India Ltd have signed an agreement to form a joint venture company for setting up new ammonia and urea plants at the existing site of the Ramagundam Fertiliser Plant in Karim Nagar district in the newly formed state of Telangana in South India.
The new company is called Ramagundam Fertilisers and Chemicals Ltd and the two new plants will have 2,200 tpd and 3,850 tpd capacity, respectively.
As per the joint venture agreement, NFL will provide marketing services to the joint venture company and EIL will provide engineering, procurement, construction and management consultancy services for the project.
The revived plant will help increase indigenous urea production in India and will be a step forward in making the country self-reliant in terms of urea requirements. The plant having a capacity of 1.27 million tpa of urea will be based on natural gas as feedstock. Natural gas for the plant will come from the proposed Mallavaram-Bhilwara pipeline and raw water will be fed from Sripada Yellampally Barrage on Godavari river.
The project is estimated to cost Rs.5,000 crore, which is being funded in a debt-equity ratio of 70:30. While NFL and EIL are contributing equity of 26 per cent each, FCIL will be contributing 11 per cent. The balance equity is in the process of being tied up. The project is targeted to be completed in 2018.
Fertiliser Corporation
Mallavaram-Bhilwara pipeline
National Fertilisers Ltd
Ramagundam Fertiliser Plant
Ramagundam Fertilisers
Sripada Yellampally Barrage on Godavari river
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Civil Engineering Companies – Which Are The Best Ones? | Civil Engineering Companies May 3, 2015 at 7:56 am
[…] Civil engineering companies give civil engineers an environment in which they are employed to use th…to the civil engineers. Civil engineering companies in far more or less each and every place around the world are dependent for that infrastructural growth of that nation and these businesses carry out extremely in relation to development from the infrastructural foundation of their place. A lot of the leading civil engineering companies make a huge volume of gain each and every year for their pursuits. […]
Civil Engineering Companies | Civil Engineering Companies March 29, 2015 at 10:58 am
[…] Civil engineering companies utilize civil engineers so that they could utilize their knowledge to ex…companies in the engineering sector. The infrastructural development of a country is largely dependent on these civil engineering companies, and in almost every single place of around the globe, these firms conduct tremendously in regards to creating the infrastructural base of their nation. For a result, a bulk from the top notch civil engineering companies rake in a very great offer of sales revenue each year . Civil engineering companies provide a variety of will work obtainable to its personnel. Some of the jobs of a civil engineer involve: sketching out a foundation design, outlining the foundation of construction , perform cost budgeting on constructional enhancements and maintenance, and also reconstructing present buildings. Within the scope of civil engineering companies, civil engineers predominantly lay out the design of a framework as well as the laborers do the rest of the do the job as per the design. […]
Civil Engineering Companies – How Do They Benefit All Of Us? | Civil Engineering Companies February 23, 2015 at 6:17 am
[…] Civil engineering companies give ambiance for civil engineers where they may be appointed to use the…eering companies in far more or significantly less each nation of the world are dependent for your infrastructural development of that place and these firms have out incredibly when it comes to creation in the infrastructural basis of their region. The majority of the top rated civil engineering companies produce a huge volume of gain annually for their actions. […]
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Nick Johnson graduated from the Illustration program of the Alberta College of Art + Design in 2013 and has been freelancing and comic book making ever since. He is the artist of the Wolf Hands webcomic with Justin Heggs and the Fight Comics! anthologies with Jason Mehmel. He recently contributed story and artwork to Wishless: A Graphic Anthology, which he helped to curate, featuring a smorgasbord of talented Calgarian cartoonists. His day job is art directing the latest animated feature from New Machine Studios. He finds inspiration in horror films, spaghetti westerns, fashion mags, and the ghosts of Utopia.
compares horror and gender narratives BLACK CHRISTMAS and THE BLOODY CHAMBER.


text:
Refinery plan termed 'welcome news'
Delaware refinery clears Coastal Zone hearing with wide support, few reservations
Refinery plan termed 'welcome news' Delaware refinery clears Coastal Zone hearing with wide support, few reservations Check out this story on delawareonline.com: http://delonline.us/1MLwPIn
Jeff Montgomery, The News Journal Published 8:36 p.m. ET March 18, 2015 | Updated 1:45 p.m. ET March 19, 2015
More than 80 people turned out Wednesday night for a state hearing on PBF Energy's request for a Coastal Zone Act permit to add $100 million in sulfur-removal systems to the 191,000 barrel per day plant.(Photo: Jeff Montgomery/The News Journal)Buy Photo
A Delaware City Refinery plan to spend $100 million on additions that will help pull more sulfur from its fuels cleared a Coastal Zone Act permit hearing Wednesday night with virtually unqualified support, even among environmental group representatives.
About 80 people, many from the refinery or its unions, turned out for the company's Clean Fuels project hearing in New Castle. None spoke against the plan, which will remove an estimated 20,440 tons of sulfur from the refinery's annual total – eliminating twice that amount of smog-forming sulfur dioxide pollution as fuels from the Delaware plant are burned in vehicles and heaters.
Sulfur reductions are required under both federal and state regulations. Delaware's Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control recently set a 2016 deadline for reducing the amount of sulfur in home heating oil from 3000 parts per million to 15 ppm by 2016.
Overall pollution emissions and water use at the plant will fall despite the addition of a high-pressure, high-temperature hydrogen production unit and other systems needed to meet the new goals.
"This is a good neighbor doing the right thing by Delaware," said James Marvelais, president of Delaware's Building and Trades Construction Council.
Thomas S. Godlewski Sr., environmental manager at Delaware City, called the work "a stay in business proposition" for the refinery, which was purchased by PBF Energy in 2010 and restored to operation and profitability after Valero Energy wrote off, shut down and prepared to raze the operation in 2009.
"We have increasing demands being put on us to take sulfur out of fuel," Godlewski said. "We don't have the hydrogen capacity to utilize the equipment we have on site. This will allow us to comply with DNREC's regulations for low sulfur home heating oil that will kick in next year."
PBF reported that it expects to spend about $30 million on construction services and supplies in Delaware, employing about 150 in building a new hydrogen production complex over a two year period and adding more than $1 million a year to the state's manufacturing and gross receipts tax revenues.
Personal income tax revenues will increase by about $3 million during the construction period.
Delaware League of Women Voters representative Peggy Schultz called the project's aim of reducing pollution "welcome news," stressing the fact that a new, cleaner-operating industrial heater required for the changes will also make steam from heat that would otherwise be wasted. That will allow shut-down of older boilers that produce higher levels of pollution.
None of the changes or investments will increase the output of the refinery's first-stage crude oil processing unit. DNREC put a limit on the crude unit's capacity in 2004.
Delaware's Coastal Zone protection law bans new heavy industries from about 275,000 acres along the Delaware River, Delaware Bay and Atlantic Coast. For any expansions of activities on plants in operation when the law took effect in 1971 or for new light industries, owners have to take steps that more than cancel out the amount of new pollution created by their project.
The Delaware Nature Society, Delaware's largest environmental organization, supports the project, Brenna Goggin, the group's environmental advocacy director said. But Goggin also urged the company to consider ways curb added emissions of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas tied directly to rising global temperatures and climate change.
"As a good faith effort, we ask that you examine opportunities to offset those CO2 emissions," Goggin said.
DNREC Secretary David Small must rule on the Coastal Zone permit in coming weeks. No hearing was requested for a separate air permit.
Contact Jeff Montgomery at 463-3344 or jmontgomery@delawareonline.com
Read or Share this story: http://delonline.us/1MLwPIn
In today's America, hate can be anywhere


text:
CSS Forums > Beginner's Guide > Tips and Experience Sharing > Arena of Golden Tips
Css tips & tricks
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omarhanif
Location: :: The World of Wonder ::
Most of us earn our degrees without reckoning our aptitude or we go for a discipline which is in fashion. In CSS, it is quite different. Here we do not have to earn a degree rather we have to grab excellent marks.
For the preparation of CSS (Central Superior Services), certain questions crop out in one's mind. It is difficult for the students to prepare the subjects individually and they have to seek guidance from different sources. In this context, they face certain problems, when they aspire to appear in CSS exams.
1. What optional subjects should I opt for?
2. Am I competent enough to take CSS exams?
3. What is sufficient time span for preparation?
4. How much should I study?
1. What optional subjects should I choose?
There are two perspectives:
(a) Optional subjects about which we learn that they are high scoring subjects.
(b) Optional subjects about which we learn that they are not that high scoring subjects.
(i) Perspective A
Not denying the fact that there are certain subjects, which are really marks yielding. These subjects include all science subjects such as Pure Math, Applied Math, Physics, Computer Sciences… and other subjects such as Mercantile Law, Accountings etc. To analyze this perspective one should consider these points:
• One's aptitude concerning the subject.
• One's skill concerning the subject.
• One's capacity concerning enhance-ment.
• One's capability in the subject.
Who should opt these subjects?
Anybody who says 'YES' to all above questions should go for these subjects.
Neither underestimate nor overestimate your competence. In case of overestimation none would endure loss but only you. Underestimation is somewhat good because it would work as impetus for hardwork. Most important thing in opting for these subjects is your aptitude. Higher the aptitude, higher would be the rate of success.
It is reality that there is no surety that one earns a bachelor's or master degree in any of these disciplines with enthusiasm or keen interest. Most of us earn our degrees without reckoning our aptitude or we go for a discipline, which is in "fashion," or sometimes we are left with no choice-a Hobson's choice. In CSS, it is quite different. Here we do not have to earn a degree rather we have to grab excellent marks. If these subjects are marks yielding; it is reality too that these are one of those subjects, which can't be solved with general knowledge. General knowledge is a tool for success in subjects falling in category of humanities. One of the best ways to analyze one's capabilities in natural sciences subjects is to review past papers. In this way one can easily understand the prospective problems and rate of success. By reviewing past 10 years papers one can easily calculate how much diligent efforts are required to get excellent marks in the subject.
Neither underestimate nor overesti-mate your competence. In case of overestimation none would endure loss but only you. Underestimation is somewhat good because it would work as impetus for hardwork. Most important thing in opting for these subjects is your aptitude. Higher the aptitude, higher would be the rate of success.
(ii) Perspective B
This perspective does not hold water because of the following facts:
No subject is low scoring if one is well prepared.
Only requirement to get high score is to know how to deal that subject.
Your aptitude is your strength; higher
the aptitude, higher would be success rate.
For instance, it is said that constitu- tional law is too easy subject but as low score as what has been recorded in this subject. Intriguingly in the same subject numbers of aspirant have scored more than 80%.
As said before your aptitude is your strength and next step to get excellent marks is to administer your aptitude. Only advice that could be given is to evaluate your aptitude precisely. Point is to put effort. Remember any subject either belongs to natural science or social science would be of no use if you have no aptitude or interest. Lower the aptitude, higher would be boredom; higher would be boredom, higher the difficulty in dealing the subject and ultimately higher stamina would be required to grip on that subject.
2. Am I competent enough to take CSS exam?
There are indeed some apprehensions such as:
• I have never enjoyed creditable academic record.
• My English is not that high.
• I am not confident.
Can I offer what this endeavor demands?
You can cope with any kind of apprehension if you have high will compound with logic. If there is a will there is a way! What you have to do is to draw a strategy or a plan with different milestones. Your job is to cross milestones within time. For instance your milestones (which could be interpreted in terms of prerequisite of success) could be these:
Milestone 1: I have to get English proficiency (say first three months).
Milestone 2: I have to develop analytical characteristics (say within two months).
Remember any subject either belongs to natural science or social science would be of no use if you have no aptitude or interest. Lower the aptitude, higher would be boredom; higher would be boredom, higher the difficulty in dealing the subject and ultimately higher stamina would be required to grip on that subject.
First you have to draw your strategy; strategy is how you define your "problem statement" that is you define what you have to do in order to achieve your objective. The second part which is most important is the execution of strategy that is your work on "how" part of your problem. Remember do not render strategy making "a brown study" or "building castle in air." Your strategy should be feasible and must be realistic or workable. Again please do not overestimate yourself.
You can do anything what any other single human being can. If you feel that you take more time as compare to any other person or just simple that you can't grab things fast do not bother yourself, remember the essence that 'YOU CAN DO WHAT OTHER CAN DO!' Instead of taking time span a predicament. But time span should be realistic such as if one can do a piece of work in one day you must be able to do that work in three days. Anyhow that difference must keep dwindle as time passes and you should be able to do that work in one and a half day.
Besides aforementioned stuff, follo-wing are other imperatives that are equally important:
• English language proficiency
• Grasp on Current Affair
• Analytical capabilities
What role English language profi-ciency plays is as obvious as one's existence.?
A bout grasp on current affairs, I would like to quote Yahya's statement that if one has no grasp over current affairs no one needs to bother oneself to take exams. Yahya scored 37th position in 2003 CSS exams. Yahya's statement holds water in very circumstances and one can easily validate his statement if one has gone through other papers' pattern of CSS exams. Even Islamiyat paper is not devoid of current affairs.
3. What is sufficient time span of preparation?
No one can predict accurate time span. It could be from six months to three years. It all depends on the academic background you have, what kind of skills you have and your capability to grasp concepts.
If one has to start from scratch but possessing good metal capabilities, rough estimation is of one year.
If one has to start from scratch with not too good metal capabilities rough estimation is of one and a half to one year.
If one need not to start from scratch and possessing good metal capabilities rough estimation is of six months.
Answer of this question strictly depends on your choice of time span coupled with your metal capabilities. Whatsoever time span you chose as suggested above (in second last question) you need to study from six to eight hours on daily basis.
"A Momin does not taunt, does not curse and reproach, does not indulge in obscene talking and obscene acts." [Tirmidhi]
Last edited by Shooting Star; Monday, April 16, 2012 at 06:12 PM. Reason: Avoid Red Color.
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Css q&a
After serving in the Pakistan Air Force for fifteen years, Mr. Nawaz Khalid Arbi switched over to the Civil Service by dint of sheer hard work and determination. Currently, he is serving as District Coordination Officer, Pakpattan and has the additional responsibilities of District Officer Human Resource Management, District Officer Planning and Executive District Officer Finance. He has successfully been coaching the classes of CSS students. In an interview with the World Times, he has given some very useful tips to the students who wish to appear in the CSS examination.
In the light of your personal experience and observation, what are the prerequisites for the students who wish to succeed in the CSS exam?
Students wishing to appear on the competitive examination must have a sound and solid academic base. It is unwise to appear in the CSS exam immediately after graduation, because, at this stage, most of the students are immature and inexperienced and have less knowledge and exposure. Thus, before attempting the CSS exam, it is better for them to get Master's degree in some subject, which would inevitably widen their knowledge, outlook and vision and raise their maturity level. An additional benefit of this strategy is that even if they fail to get through the CSS exam, they will have another option open for them. If with a fair command over English and the habit of studying with full concentration for long hours, students work sincerely for one or two years they are most likely to succeed, even if their previous academic career was not so brilliant. As CSS is a planned activity that requires systematic preparation under proper guidance.
There are a large number of academics for the guidance of CSS students. Are they really helpful for the students?
In some CSS academies, only a single man tries to teach all the subjects. If the students of such academies pass the examination, it is not due to the academies but due to the preparation of students and their hard work. Some other academies which have trained and skilful teachers, prove very helpful for the students. They not only assist the students in the preparation of their subjects but also help them in developing a particular type of attitude, because, CSS is not just an examination, it is the name of an attitude; and as long as the students do not have this particular attitude, they are not likely to succeed in the examination, no matter how intelligent, competent and hardworking they are.
How can the students acquire good marks in the written examination?
It all depends on the presentation and expression of ideas in a clear, concise, appropriate and convincing manner. The more convincing your presentation is, the more marks you are likely to obtain.
Many students pass the written examination but fail in the interview. What is your advice for such students?
Interview is not just the testing of your knowledge. It is the testing and assessment of your entire personality, including the balance, calm and composure of your personality. Thus, besides the display of your knowledge during the interview, you should remember several other important points. If you do not know the answer to a question, instead of beating about the bush, you should simply say sorry and without smiling. You should be able to introduce yourself nicely and rightly.
If a question is asked in Urdu, do not answer it in English. Do not get involved in controversies with the inter-viewers. Do not try to become overambitious and boastful of your knowledge, your answers should be brief, comprehensive and to the point. Some students start making long speeches in response to simple questions which proves counter-productive. If a question irritates you, do not get irritated or tense.
Try to remain calm and cool instead of showing irritation and anger. You should be courteous and polite throughout the interview. While answering the questions, you should use the word sir. If an interviewer gives you a tip or clue regarding a difficult question, you must express your gratitude to him. Too much use of body language leaves a negative impression on the interviewers. There must be a balance between the verbal and non-verbal communication.
Can cramming be helpful in passing the CSS exam?
While preparing for the exam, you have to cram certain things such as facts and figures, dates and names of places, etc. However, the cramming of detailed questions cannot be so helpful, because, interview is not just the test of memory, it is the evaluation of the entire personality. At times, some students memorise a number of questions and luckily they pass the examination because the same questions are asked from them.
However, after their selection, when they become a part of the bureaucratic fraternity, their ignorance is exposed in the presence of their colleagues. I personally believe that instead of asking mathematical type of questions such questions should be asked as may reveal the opinion, temperament and personality of the candidates.
How can the level of interviewers be improved?
If a person is a senior civil servant, a retired secretary or a retired general, it does not mean that he is necessarily a good interviewer. Interviewing is an art and those who wish to become a part of the panel of interviewers must be trained how to evaluate the personality of the candidates, putting aside their own prejudices and biases. I have to say with regret that most of our interviewers are not capable of taking interviews. A good interviewer must be a good and trained human resource manager. I am glad to note that things are now changing because we are now realising the consequences of wrong selection through inappro-priate interviews.
Many students fail in the essay paper. Would you like to give some tips or suggestions to them?
Essay writing is a skill which comes with practice. A person may have thousands ideas in his mind about a given topic, but he is most likely to fail if he does not have the skill of composition and presentation of those ideas with an effective and emphatic expression in the form of a well-knit and coherent essay.
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PROFESSOR ANWAR ALI BUKHARI is a renowned teacher and a scholar. He has vast experience of teaching at the university level abroad and in Pakistan. M.A in English and History from the University of Punjab, Pakistan he proceeded abroad to earn doctorate from the University of London. He remained abroad until a few years back when he returned to Pakistan and is presently associated with a private sector university as its Director Academics. Prof. Bukhari has established himself as an expert in guiding students aspiring for competitive examinations in Pakistan. He has a unique method of teaching and is well known for his expertise in the field of teaching and research.
World Times approached him with some questions with reference to CSS examinations and sought his views on how Corporate sector is fast emerging in Pakistan but our youth is still much attracted towards civil service. Why is it so?
The answer lies in the peculiar mind-set that characterises our people. We are overawed by the pomp and perks associated with civil services. Our exposure to civil servants and their authoritarian behaviour, the power they wield and the lifestyle they maintain much beyond their means attracts the youth of today as material considerations outweigh any other considerations.
Also, parents still have a lot of say in the choice of careers of their children who consider jobs with the government safer than jobs in the corporate sector where advancement depends entirely on job performance and development of personality as well as requisition of latest techniques in work accomplishment, meeting deadlines and developing right attitude towards colleagues and seniors. In short, corporate world requires constant vigilance and competitiveness which the youth of today abhors. They want it easy and fast.
Being an experienced teacher of CSS students what do you think students of what aptitude should opt for CSS?
A person should decide the choice of his career while still at graduation stage. Subjects chosen at that stage can better develop an aptitude for services. English Literature, Economics, Political Science or History are better choices at this stage with Persian, Sociology, Education or Public Administration as optional subject. The tendency that doctors and engineers are increasingly appearing in CSS should open our eyes to the imbalance in services that we have at the moment.
I wish we can have more Pakistan level services which are at par in status, authority and perks with the civil services of Pakistan. I suggest Pakistan judicial service, Pakistan medical service, Pakistan engineering service and Pakistan education service etc which should enjoy power and prestige at par with civil services.
Students should choose their subjects considering what factors?
CSS is a competitive examination. Consideration must be paid to choose subjects in which a candidate, in his own assessment, can score high marks. But, as said earlier this must begin with the choice of subjects at the graduation level. This gives a candidate few more years of preparation towards his goal. Choice of his subject at master's level too has a lot of bearing in a candidate's success. English Literature, Law and Business Studies can be greatly helpful in landing position in coveted services.
Students keep changing optional subjects after first or even second attempt. Is it right approach?
Students with right aptitude and focused preparation succeed the very first time. Those who don't, blame the choice of subjects. In my experience it is crying over spilt milk. Choice of optional subjects at first attempt is made carefully keeping in mind a candidate's goal and his liking. Having said that what fails a candidate is not the choice of subjects that much but lack of preparation and hard work required to succeed at that level. I strongly feel that guidance must be sought from competent sources at the stage of deciding optionals. Cursory and haphazard choices are doomed to fail anyway.
I wish we can have more Pakistan level services which are at par in status, authority and perks with the civil services of Pakistan. I suggest Pakistan judicial service, Pakistan medical service Pakistan engineering service and Pakistan education service etc which should enjoy power and prestige at par with civil services.
How far the need to cram is important for CSS preparation?
The system is constructed in such a way that cramming cannot be avoided, specially for psy-chological and intelligence tests after success in the written examination. Even general know-ledge questions require crammed answers. But, at interview stage communication skills, capacity to make decisions and ability to implement decisions is seriously looked into. Discussions and command tasks as well as the interview with the psychologist are the points in case. The final interview requires in-depth understanding of current issues. Cramming cannot help at this stage. In short, cramming cannot be avoided but extensive and in-depth studies cannot be over emphasised. Intelligent reading of newspapers is a rich source of up-todate opinions and background to topics and issues facing the country and the world.
How do you assess role and importance of academies for CSS candidates as they are expensive too?
I am not satisfied with the work that academies do. They introduce shortcuts to students. Books offering ready answers to 20 questions in any subject encourage cramming. This can help a student to pass and even to secure high marks but his comprehension and grasp on the subjects suffers. Academies hardly impart in-depth studies. Nothing is done to improve their personalities and to develop communication skills. I will not go to the extent of rejecting the role of academies in a candidate's preparation but I strongly recommend that academies must realise their responsibilities in this regard. No wonder that the quality of students even after selection falls abysmally short of what is required.
How do you evaluate the recently revised pattern of CSS written examination? Is there any change needed at the moment?
No, not much is required to be change. These days objective part is introduced in question papers which requires a candidate to read extensively rather than selectively. What is required is that the questions be constructed in a manner that tests a candidate's comprehension of the subject rather than his or her memory. That will weed out crammers and bring forward thinking individuals who have the capacity to draw conclusions and apply their minds while attempting questions.
What strategies do you suggest to get higher marks in interviews?
Practice speaking English as well as Urdu. I suggest to my students that they, at the initial stage, read from a text, preferably newspapers or magazines and record what they read. Listen to what is recorded. It will show them the deficiencies in the quality of their voice, pronunciation mistakes, fluency of expression and lack of control over breath and stamina. Practice this for at least two weeks and then add saying in your own words, in your own style and language what was read and recorded. This will improve a candidate's comprehension, add to his knowledge and improve his capacity to express views in his own words. In short, this will work wonders to improve one's communication skills and boost self-confidence while debating a position in discussions and command tasks presentations.
Would you like to recommend any profession for those candidates of CSS who fail to qualify?
Well, that is why I have said that selection of main discipline at master's level must be carefully done. An MBA, for example, or MA English Literature, Economics, Accounts or Law can pursue a different career if he or she fails in CSS. Also failure in CSS does not mean the end of the world, provided a person has chosen right while doing graduation or post-graduation. Easy subjects with no purchase, later on, leaves, one high and dry. This be avoided. Teachers and mentors must guide aspiring students to this fact. There is a tendency among academies to do the opposite. For heaven sake advise a student to think and plan for alternative profession should he fail in CSS. There must always be a fall back position. A good planner always guards his flanks and secures fall back positions.
I personally feel that bright students should better enter corporate world as professionals. Accountancy, management, marketing and sales are rewarding careers and very exciting too. These days jobs at university and graduate studies level are very well paid too . But, this can only be done if the route adopted for success in CSS is not short changed picking such subjects that are easy and score well but are of no use later.
Any special message you like to forward to our readers.
Competitive examinations are not normal examinations where you pass and get something for it in the shape of certificate or degree. They are competitions where you are fighting for limited seats which are to be filled by the best of the lot. Passing in these exams gets you nothing, not a certificate or citation. So, develop the right attitude to compete not just pass. Read extensively and do not go for short cuts. Improve your skills and learn more skills. Learn time management and discipline. Hopefully, all that I have said above will benefit your readers and prepare them better.
In the end, my prayers that the parents and the youth realise that a country is as good as its citizens. It is a cut throat world of competition. Only the fittest and the best prepared will succeed.
bigsenior (Friday, April 20, 2012), Mehwish05 (Tuesday, May 01, 2012), sikander marri (Saturday, April 21, 2012), The One (Sunday, April 29, 2012), waqasbhalli345 (Friday, April 27, 2012)
How to attempt Optional papers
Every subject has its own peculiar nature and standing. Two subjects are never same in their textual styles. History subjects are always objective and based on events and occurrences while subjects like sociology, journalism, public administration, etc. are conceptual and subjective in their essence. So, the candidate is required to apply the corresponding ways and means to grasp over these subjects.
Sociology is one of the widely opted subjects in the CSS examination. Candidates usually consider sociology as the easiest subject to qualify. It is learnt from the past results that the average marks awarded in sociology are between 35 to 55. However, a candidate can secure 70 marks if he studies and comprehends the subject according to its requirement.
Sociology consists of two parts, i.e. Sociological thought and principles of sociology. The candidate is supposed to cover both these parts of the subjects without sacrificing one to the other. The principles of sociology may not be comprehended if the sociological thought is not read and vice versa. So, the justice with the subject demands comprehension of both these parts.
The works and contribution of Ibn-e- Khaldun, August Comte, Emile Durkheim and Max Weber are very important in sociology. The examiner of the papers surely expects a candidate to know the thought of these sociologists and these should be reflected in the answers of the candidates. If a candidate has read these sociologists thoroughly, he can justify his answer in an impressive manner, quoting their references. Therefore, he should make maximum use of these thinkers in answering the paper of sociology. It is how the examiner is compelled to award maximum marks.
The candidate should know one or two authorities/sociologists who have specifically dealt with any principle of sociology. For example, George Murdock has extensively worked on the institution of family; Charles H Cooly is known for his contribution in defining "Group"; Ralf Linton worked on social change.
If a candidate quotes the well-known sociologist over a particular area of sociology, he can secure impressive marks. The examiner will be impressed that the candidate has grasped the very essence of the subject and would have no other option but to be generous in the distribution of marks.
1. Sociology by Horton and Hunt
2. Sociology by J.J Jiskani
Important questions of Sociology
1. What major contributions did Max Weber and Emile Durkheim make to our understanding of the social experience?
2. Migration from rural to urban area is on the rise in Pakistan. Discuss all the positive and negative points at the origin and destination keeping theory of migration into consideration.
3. What do you understand by social mobility? Discuss "do transfer of payments aid or discourage social mobility".
4. Define social institution. What is the significance of family, religion and education as institutions in the process of socialisation? Explain your answer with examples from Pakistani society.
5. Define status. Discuss the factors which decide status of an individual in a society.
6. Discuss the importance of social research for the study of sociology. Explain the steps to be taken in social research process.
7. What is the role of culture in socialisation of an individual to become a useful member of society? Discuss with examples.
8. What are the different forms of social classes? Discuss the impact of feudal system in Pakistan.
Write a detailed note on following:
(a) Social change (b) Community (c) Urbanisation (d) Ethnocentrism
History of Pakistan and India
The history of Pakistan and India is based on several historical events and the administrative contributions of various emperors who ruled the Subcontinent. These historical events are connected with each other. One is the corollary to the happening of the other. So, they should not be read in isolation, otherwise it would be difficult to comprehend the subject on the whole.
Usually, candidates read selective chapters and areas of the subject. This is the unjust and improper way to study the history subject. It would surely result in failure or less marks awarded to the candidate. The subject needs to be pursued extensively as the history requires.
The paper-I of the subject pertains to history period from 712 A.D to 1707. There are all but 15 important emperors. The epoch of the each emperor is to be read and kept in mind. This will help understand the policies of the successive rulers. In this way, a candidate can confidently analyse or comment on any history questions framed in whatever style.
For example; to write on the saga story of Mahmud Ghaznavi , it is imperative to know the succeeding epoch of Muhammad Ghauri and vice versa. The administrative rule of Jahangir can be justified if a candidate has thoroughly read the era of King Akbar and the Mongol menace in the subcontinent can be impressively analysed if the policies of Ghiyasuddin Balban, Allauddin Khilji,etc are well read.
A candidate has to remember all the important works of those authors who have specifically dealt with different eras. The famous books written on the history of India and Pakistan would help a candidate substantiate his stand. This will surely make the examiner feel that the candidate is at home with the subject and award good marks to him.
1. History of Pak-India by K. Ali
2. Medieval History of India by R.S Chaurisa
Important questions of History of Pakistan and India Paper-I
1. How would you justify the statement that "Sindh is Babul-Islam!1" with reference to the Arab conquest of Sindh.
2. "Sultan Muhammad Tughlaq's character was a mixture of two extremes but he was a man of ideas." Discuss
3. Ghiyasuddin Balban successfully suppressed the internal and external rebellion that provided stability to his reign. Analyse
4. Allaudin Khilji's administrative and economic policies were more successful than his foreign conquests.
5. Sher Shah was the pioneer of a comprehensive system of administration in the subcontinent to be followed by his successors in history. Discuss
6. Akbar is considered not only a great administrator but also a great warrior. Write a detailed note on his administration?
7. "The war of succession among the sons of the Shah Jehan was, in fact, war between the two ideologies". Comment and account for the success of Aurangzeb Alamgir.
8. Give an account of the development of Mughal architecture in Indo-Pakistan subcontinent.
Expected Questions of History of Pakistan and India Paper-II
1. Estimate the contribution of Shah Waliullah towards the regeneration of the Muslim of South Asia.
2. "Aligarh Movement created reawakening among Muslims to provide a political platform through Education network." Analyse the statement
3. What role did Sir Syed Ahmad Khan play in the reawakening of the Muslims of the Subcontinent? Discuss
4. The Khilafat Movement spearheaded the Pakistan Movement and provided the necessary weapon through which a political war to identify the Muslims as such could be waged." Discuss
5. The Lucknow Pact provided a commitment to Hindu-Muslim unity but it soon failed. Discuss
6. Congress rule during 1937-1939 provided an opportunity to All India Muslim League (AIML) to reorganise. Discuss Congress rule in provinces and its impact on AIML.
7. Pakistan's relations with China have proved to be a blessing for peace in the region. Discuss.
8. Write notes on the following:
a. Objectives Resolution
b. Six Points of Mujeebur Rehman
c. Pakistan's role in the war against terrorism
d. Separation of East Pakistan
e. Cripps Mission
Journalism has always remained a favourite subject for the candidates in the CSS examination. It is generally believed that the subject carries a defined and concise syllabus which can be covered with a little effort. Owing to this reason, the candidates take this subject for granted and pay insufficient heed to various contents of journalism.
This style of dealing with this subject has many a time awarded discouraging marks to the candidates. The result of CSS-2010 is an example to be pondered over. However, the candidate can secure maximum marks if due efforts are made.
This subject is divided into three parts.
1. History of journalism in Indo-Pak subcontinent
2. The technical areas like News, Editorial and Column
3. Public relations and advertising
The candidate is supposed to cover all these three sides of the subject. He has to deal with each section with utmost care. Let us take the example of the part-1 of journalism.
A candidate should know the role of media throughout the Pakistan Movement. He has to remember all the important newspapers and periodicals which played their role during the period. It would certainly irritate the examiner if there is insufficient mention of the newspapers/periodicals in the question of the history period.
The candidate should rather substantiate his ideas with the help of the journalistic enterprises of the time. This would impress the examiner a lot.
The candidate is supposed to remember the famous definitions and comments of the experts over various journalistic areas. If he discusses the question over communication, it would be inspiring if the candidate quotes the views of Wilber Scram, Shoemaker, Mehdi Masud, etc. It is through this way that the examiner can be impressed to feel that the candidate has well read this subject.
The candidate should be acquainted with the latest trends of journalism. He should update himself with the activities of Pakistan Federal Union of Journalists (PFUJ), Council of Pakistan Newspaper Editors (CPNE) and Press Information Department (PID). This would help him discuss the question with the help of latest developments in Mass Communication. The examiner would know that the candidate has not only understood the text of the subject but is updated to the current phenomena in journalism.
1. Exploring journalism by Mehdi Masud
2. Exploring journalism by Mirza Mohammad Yousuf.
Journalism Important questions
1. Discuss the concept and process of communication? What is the importance of Mass Communication in this modern age?
2. The present era is considered as the era of development of electronic media in Pakistan. Critically evaluate the role of present TV channels in social development?
3. What is the purpose and scope of Public Relations in any organisation? Describe major responsibilities of a Public Relations Officer?
4. What role did the militant Muslim press play in the subcontinent?
5. Describe the need and significance of editorial.
6. Explain what is news, its functions and values.
7. What do you know about advertising. Explain its functions and importance in the modern age.
8. Define the following in detail:
(a) Press release (b) Press note (c) Press communique
(d) Press conference (e) Hand Out (f) Freedom of press (g) Libel
Public Administration consists of theory and practice. The theoretical section is important for the practical application of the subject. The administrative system and the related issues may not be grasped if the textual understanding of the subject is missing. The nature and scope of Public Administration needs to be well comprehended before surfing through other contents of the subject. It will help the candidate in understanding and tackling various other areas of the subject.
It is imperative to have a thorough study of the principles of New Public Administration. The administrative problems of the modern era can be well analysed if the candidate knows the significance and scope of the New Public Administration (NPA). The examiner equally expects a candidate to know the modern trends of a successful administration. Mere dependence on the past theories of the administration shall be unfair.
The candidate should also keep himself abreast of the prevalent administrative and governmental systems of the country. He should properly know the work dynamics at district, province and national level. It is by this way that he can measure the pros and cons of the system and suggest novel strategies and solutions to the administrative problems.
1. Public Administration by Sultan Khan
2. Personnel Administration by Sultan Khan
3. Public Administration by Abdul Majeed Memon
bigsenior (Tuesday, April 24, 2012), Qurratulain Aslam (Monday, April 08, 2013), The One (Sunday, April 29, 2012)
Location: City of Cockroaches & Bureaucrats
@omarhanif
Most of the articles/interviews you post are already present in this very section.Search well before posting anything on board.
Do mention source of any piece of writing you post even if you are taking it from JWTimes.
Any such post will be deleted in future without explanation.
Be Careful.Read forum rules if you are unaware.
Originally Posted by Shooting Star
In future, I shall search more deeply before posting.
But a week ago I posted some articles properly mentioning the source, someone still deleted those articles. And I know those are not present here in any thread.
Originally Posted by omarhanif
All those articles are already available in this section.Moreover,no source was mentioned.
We never delete anything unless it is duplicate,entirely useless or contradicting forum rules.
Last edited by Shooting Star; Friday, April 27, 2012 at 06:22 PM.
Tricks of the trade - Some general tips to score high! Hamza Salick Arena of Golden Tips 474 Friday, September 12, 2014 12:58 AM
Tips and Tricks for c.s.s exams 2011. cngfitted77777 Tips and Experience Sharing 3 Friday, December 07, 2012 01:07 PM
Ufone Tips And Tricks... Syed Zaffar Iqbal Computers and Technology 6 Wednesday, February 09, 2011 10:16 AM
T-Mobile Tips & Tricks Syed Zaffar Iqbal Computers and Technology 0 Thursday, May 22, 2008 12:16 PM


text:
Von der Leyen says discussions on mandatory measures to vaccinate are needed
Catherine Feore
Today (1 December), the European Commission is upping the ante on a broad range of measures to address the surge in cases of severe illness linked to the coronavirus. The high incidence of infection is putting enormous pressure on hospitals and on healthcare staff. The surge predates the new Omicron variant, but adds to national concerns, especially those with low vaccination rates.
Some countries are now looking at the possibility of making vaccination mandatory, in some way. Asked about mandatory measures, the European Commission President said it was a discussion that was needed.
Von der Leyen's answer was in response to a question from a Greek journalist on where the Commission stood on mandatory COVID vaccination. Greece has decided to impose a recurring monthly fine of €100 on people who are over the age of 60 and who have not been vaccinated, this will apply from 16 January onwards. While not quite mandatory, it does place a heavy fine on those who have chosen not to be vaccinated.
The President was quick to say that this was a "pure state competence" and therefore she could not make a recommendation, she did say however that in her opinion it was understandable and appropriate to lead a discussion to look at how the EU could encourage and potentially think about mandatory vaccination within the European Union.
"If you look at the numbers we have now 77% of the adults in the European Union vaccinated, or if you take the whole population, it's 66%. And this means 1/3 of the European population is not vaccinated. That's 150 million people. This is a lot and not each and everyone can be vaccinated, but the vast majority could be, and therefore, I think it is understandable and appropriate to lead this discussion now."
The UK's national health service has made vaccination mandatory for the majority of its staff, Austria is also thinking of introducing a high fine for those who refuse vaccination.
Last week European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) director Andrea Ammon added a note of caution to the idea of mandatory vaccines, suggesting that if imposed it could prove counterproductive. The incoming German chancellor, Olaf Scholz, is also thought to take a favourable view of a more mandatory approach.
Coronavirus – It's not the only pandemic scourging the world, and empowering data
EMA to present recommendation on 'mix and match booster strategies'


Wow! I am so impressed!! 😀 Are these on Etsy yet??
Boy Wonder is talented!!! I love his work. Good Job Little man!!!!
Holy cow these are so good! I wish I was looking at an Etsy shop because I want to buy some to decorate my sons nursery. Your young man is amazing!
I loooooove that idea! This kid is already saving for a car, that would be wonderful for him! Thanks for the totally awesome idea!
Holy COW! I'm an elementary/middle school art teacher, so I feel even MORE qualified to say that these ROCK. Seriously. Amazing.
Wait. He's EIGHT?! I'm floored- that's crazy talent.
Jill, I get all fan girl crazy every time you visit me. Dork much? Anyway, yes he's 8 and we are totally proud. Stage mother tendencies in check…sorta.
Seriously? These are amazing!!! I would have them lining every wall– really, he's phenomenal!
Just WOW…is right! My oldest daughter is 6 she loves to draw ~I am on my way to check out art classes. I thought maybe she was to young. Thank you so much for sharing ~this just reinforces that talent knows no age. Eight years old ~impressive!!
MOMmetime, we started Boy Wonder in art classes at 5 years old because he wanted to take lessons to draw like his dad. Since then we've hit a few rough patches with him not wanting to go (mostly because classes are early Saturday morning and he'd much rather be watching cartoons). We always said we'd allow him to quit so long as he made the decision after art class rather than before when he was all cozy in his bed. He always said he wanted to keep going once he was up, lol! He loves his sleep, can't blame him.
I've seen Big Daddy P's work and love it and you've shared a few things from Boy Wonder but THESE ARE AMAZING!
Thank you! He's loving all the feedback, it's great for his self-esteem. He's so critical of his own work, it's crazy.
Thanks Corine, he works so hard!


text:
Back to Resources Share
CFO Stories
Donor Profile: Chuck and Jody Dow
by Sony Hocklander
Never Too Young: Couple commits to their causes in starting a legacy fund while still a young family
Jody and Chuck Dow, a young professional couple with a winsome blue-eyed one-year-old son, will celebrate their third wedding anniversary in September. Their mutual passion for community philanthropy not only brought them together in 2017, it inspired the couple to leave a financial legacy for nonprofits they love.
"We are both very deeply connected to the organizations we work and serve at, and there are other nonprofits we feel passionate about as well," says Jody Dow, executive director of the Springfield Dream Center, a community services hub founded by North Point Church in Springfield's Woodland Heights neighborhood.
"Even if we're not here," adds Chuck, a financial advisor and managing director at Synergy Wealth Solutions, "we want our legacy to be able to continue to support those causes."
After marrying, they discussed how to ensure their story of giving back would continue after they're gone. They knew it was time to act once they were expecting their son, Jude. With attorney Danielle Kincaid of The Elder Law Group, the Dows updated their estate to take care of Jude and other family members. In addition, they directed a portion of their revocable living trust to go into the Dow Family Fund, a designated fund they established with the Community Foundation of the Ozarks. One day it will provide perpetual support to three nonprofits: the Springfield Dream Center, Borrow My Angel and North Point Church.
The main benefit to establishing a fund through the CFO, Kincaid says, is flexibility. As people age, their passion for charities might change or grow. "They will only have to go to the CFO — to notify the CFO — that they want changes in their charities," Kincaid says, "instead of coming to me and having to do an amendment to the trust."
History of philanthropy
That the Dows want to extend philanthropy beyond their own lives is no surprise. Each has a history of helping others. In fact, Jody has wanted to serve and give people hope since hearing from missionaries as a child. "I just remember I was 11 and telling my mom that I really wanted to do that for the United States," recalls Jody, who grew up in Harrisonville near Kansas City. "I want people around me to know there's hope and they can still have big dreams."
While attending Missouri State University, Jody began volunteering at North Point in student ministry and was hired near the end of her senior year. After shifting to a position in community outreach, she discussed with the church pastor how to implement the Good Samaritan story in which the Samaritan extends more help and hope. That's the model for the Springfield Dream Center, which opened in March 2017. "It's been incredible work," Jody says. "All around, we're seeing real stability in families that, when we first met them, came to us lacking a dream, a vision for their life."
Chuck and Jody Dow with son, Jude, at the Dream Center, which provides both practical services and hope to families in its Woodland Heights neighborhood. (Photo by Sony Hocklander)
Born at Fort Leonard Wood to a military family, Chuck lived in a variety of places before moving to Springfield as a teen. He attended MSU then moved east to pursue a career in the travel industry. He returned to Springfield in 2013, changed his career to finance and began attending the North Point campus in Nixa, serving in its music ministry. Inspired by his sister's lifelong struggle with mental illness, attempts at suicide and ultimate death, he also worked to establish Borrow My Angel, named after a song he'd written. The nonprofit, still in its infant stage Chuck says, will focus on suicide prevention and mental-health awareness.
That effort played a role in the couple meeting. They still laugh about their first date, just three months after the Dream Center opened. Mutual friends had tried to connect them, but Chuck balked at blind dates and Jody was oblivious to the efforts. Instead, Chuck decided to volunteer at the Dream Center. "Once we started talking, I asked her out on a date — only she didn't realize it," Chuck says. "She thought when I first asked her out that I just wanted to talk about advice for how to start a nonprofit."
A family that serves
Establishing an agency capacity fund for the Dream Center and learning about grant opportunities has been a game-changer, Jody says: "The CFO is a phenomenal resource for the community, and it's been an incredible outlet and partner for us." The CFO also helped Chuck establish an agency capacity fund for Borrow My Angel.
When it came time to update their estate, the Dows knew the CFO could serve them also as a family. Winter Kinne, the CFO's vice president of development, says given their ages, the couple will likely be around for a long time. But someday, when they aren't, their designated fund will be endowed through their estate, "meaning that the corpus is going to stay intact, and then a certain percentage is going to basically become a sustainable source of income for those three charities." It's a misconception, Kinne adds, that you must be old or a "gazillionaire" to leave something for your community.
The Dows are neither of those. "Our family values are very much about giving back to the community that we live in," Jody says, "and the CFO made it easy for us."
This story is featured in the summer 2021 edition of Passion & Purpose: The CFO Magazine.
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