Eco-Lodge Campsite; The Ultimate Destination For Responsible Travellers.
Are you looking for an escape route to a natural paradise off-the-beaten track? and also enjoy the local Community and the Uganda weather?
Eco-Lodge Campsite in Crater Lakes Uganda, is a sustainable eco-tourism who offers Cottages, Bandas and Campsite accommodation along with a wide range of services in one of the most unknown and amazing spots in Western Uganda. Just nearby Kibale Forest National Park we discover a set of many ancient extinguish craters turned into many breathtaking landscapes. Green forests, bananas plantations and grasslands that perfectly hide what was once a land of violent eruptions.
Crater Lakes Uganda region is another Ugandan pearl hidden from the most common touristic areas, but at the same time, it is located just near 2 of the most important National Parks in Uganda, Kibale Forest National Park, the best place to track and see chimps, and Queen Elizabeth National Park, Uganda's most-visited National Park and home to over 95 mammal species and over 600 bird species.
You will discover Eco-Lodge Campsite settled at the rim of the spectacular Lake Kifuruka; one of the twin crater lakes located in the Ndali/Kasenda Crater Lakes region. Take advantage and be prepared to chill out and to explore the Crater Lakes Uganda region and Kibale Forest National Park. We will give you a warm welcome and we will help you to discover a friendly Ugandan rural enviroment that usually does not appear in the Uganda tourism brochures.
It also offers a spacious campsite with views on both the lake and the local community. This facility offers a quiet and natural environment blended with spectacular views of the Rwenzori Mountains and the Queen Elizabeth national Park the southern direction.
Come and experience the Real Ugandan Culture and taste the warm hospitality of the indigenous Ugandans in a God-given paradise.
Are you looking for a cultural immersion in the rural Ugandan culture? Try us for a treat as we offer you the best community trails that offer a feeling of the African traditional hospitality and just in a few hours, you will feel Ugandan.
We also offer you a unique opportunity to spend some nights with one of the selected friendly families as you explore the culture of the local people in Uganda.
Eco-Lodge Campsite is not only a sustainable tourism project in the Crater Lakes Uganda region, but also we are constantly developing different community projects (Pre-primary and primary Orphanage school, Volunteer programas, Vocational School, etc...) that you will be able to know them and cooperate if you desired. Visit our Community Programs area.


text:
Bomb scare closes Tokyo Apple Store as handwritten note demands talk be cancelled
Ben Lovejoy
- Dec. 7th 2015 4:52 am PT
@benlovejoy
Apple cancelled a talk scheduled to be held yesterday at its Tokyo Ginza retail store after a handwritten bomb threat was received, reports Public Slate. The store was closed for an hour while police searched for explosives, but nothing was found.
The event was to feature guest, Isao Yukisada, a Japanese film director. The director was scheduled to speak at 2 p.m.
It's not known why the event was targeted.
The store previously made the news when it opened its doors early to allow queuing iPhone customers in before an approaching typhoon hit.
Via CoM
AAPL Company
Breaking news from Cupertino. We'll give you the latest from Apple headquarters and decipher fact from fiction from the rumor mill.
Apple Retail
Apple operates 509 retail stores across the globe.
Japan Apple Retail Store Tokyo Bomb threat Apple Store Tokyo
Ben Lovejoy is a British technology writer and EU Editor for 9to5Mac. He's known for his op-eds and diary pieces, exploring his experience of Apple products over time, for a more rounded review. He also writes fiction, with two technothriller novels, a couple of SF shorts and a rom-com!
Ben Lovejoy's favorite gear

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Set of 3 sterling silver stacking rings handcrafted of 16 gauge wire. This set consists of one textured wire ring, one polished square wire ring, and one oxidized square wire ring for a total of 3. Delicate, minimal, mixed metal look.
Please note: Because of sourcing difficulties, the wire used to make your textured ring will be the twisted wire in the last photo.


Prepare yourself for a shock. Discovery Cove is probably the most expensive theme park you will ever visit. But before you flip immediately to the next chapter, read on. On closer examination, Discovery Cove offers extremely good value for your investment. In my opinion, this very special park is worth every penny.
This option was available in 2008, on Tuesday through Friday from June 3 to August 22 only; it ran from three in the afternoon until 9:00 p.m. Presumably, the 2009 schedule will be similar.
Children under 3 are free, but all others are charged the same rate as adults. Children must be at least 6 years old to swim with the dolphins, so kids between 3 and 6 will pay the non-swim rate.
Note: In 2009, the low season rate for the dolphin and non-swim packages will rise to the 2008 high season rate. The 2009 high season rate had not been set at press time.
In a word, yes. But if you need more convincing, bear in mind that the price of admission includes a continental breakfast, a very nice, all-you-can-eat lunch, and all your beverages (including beer and wine coolers) throughout the day. Admission also includes seven days admission to either SeaWorld or Busch Gardens Africa. For an additional fee of $50 (plus tax) you get 14 consecutive days admission to SeaWorld and Aquatica and Busch Gardens Tampa. If you are going to do Discovery Cove, this is your best buy to see the rest of the parks.
If those prices didn't take your breath away, perhaps you'd like to upgrade to the "Trainer for a Day" program. For a mere $519.72 (including tax), or $498.42 during low season, you will be treated to a "enhanced dolphin interaction and training encounter" as well as a number of other behind-the-scenes activities. Participants must be at least six years of age and those under 13 must be accompanied by a paying adult.


text:
Keywords: union state x
Manchester University Press (1)
Open Section Film, Television and Radio (1)
Open Section History (5)
Indian History (1)
Constitutional and Administrative Law (1)
EU Law (1)
Indian Politics (1)
UK Politics (3)
Open Section Religion (1)
Open Section Society and Culture (1)
Scottish Studies (1)
Conclusion: A Union State without Unionism
Iain Mclean and Alistair McMillan
in State of the Union
Political Science, UK Politics
This chapter discusses the policy implications of the weakening of Unionism. It considers the pressures on the Conservatives (historically the principled Unionist party, but whose advantage is now ... More
This chapter discusses the policy implications of the weakening of Unionism. It considers the pressures on the Conservatives (historically the principled Unionist party, but whose advantage is now served by such centrifugal factors as the advantage of having PR elections in the devolved territories), and on Labour (historically the party that has needed the Union for its centralist social policy, but which no longer needs Scottish and Welsh seats as much as it did); the fragility of union without unionism. It raises the question of whether Parliament or the people is sovereign.Less
Iain McleanAlistair McMillan
This chapter discusses the policy implications of the weakening of Unionism. It considers the pressures on the Conservatives (historically the principled Unionist party, but whose advantage is now served by such centrifugal factors as the advantage of having PR elections in the devolved territories), and on Labour (historically the party that has needed the Union for its centralist social policy, but which no longer needs Scottish and Welsh seats as much as it did); the fragility of union without unionism. It raises the question of whether Parliament or the people is sovereign.
Keywords: union state, Acts of Union, welfare state unionism, West Lothian Question, Barnett Formula, parliamentary sovereignty, MacCormick
Federal Tradition(s) and the European Union
Robert Schütze
in From Dual to Cooperative Federalism: The Changing Structure of European Law
10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199238583.003.01
Law, EU Law
Modern federal thought emerges in the wake of the Westphalian State system. In an attempt to make sense of the "Unions of States" that existed in the seventeenth century, classic international law ... More
Modern federal thought emerges in the wake of the Westphalian State system. In an attempt to make sense of the "Unions of States" that existed in the seventeenth century, classic international law conceives them in treaty terms. Federal Unions are based on a foedus – an international treaty – that safeguards the sovereignty of its Member States. The emergence of the United States of America at the end of the eighteenth-century triggers the greatest semantic revolution in the history the federal principle. Federalism comes to be identified with a mixed structure between international and national organisation. When this second tradition crossed the Atlantic, Europe's obsession with indivisible sovereignty pressed the novel ideas into a third format – the national tradition of federalism. This Chapter analyses the European Union in light of these federal traditions. In particular, it explores the analytical potential of the American federal tradition for understanding the he European Union; and examines three constitutional denials of the European federal tradition.Less
Modern federal thought emerges in the wake of the Westphalian State system. In an attempt to make sense of the "Unions of States" that existed in the seventeenth century, classic international law conceives them in treaty terms. Federal Unions are based on a foedus – an international treaty – that safeguards the sovereignty of its Member States. The emergence of the United States of America at the end of the eighteenth-century triggers the greatest semantic revolution in the history the federal principle. Federalism comes to be identified with a mixed structure between international and national organisation. When this second tradition crossed the Atlantic, Europe's obsession with indivisible sovereignty pressed the novel ideas into a third format – the national tradition of federalism. This Chapter analyses the European Union in light of these federal traditions. In particular, it explores the analytical potential of the American federal tradition for understanding the he European Union; and examines three constitutional denials of the European federal tradition.
Keywords: federalism, Unions of States, United States, international law, constitutionalism
The survival of the Scots union, 1707–1997
in The Two Unions: Ireland, Scotland, and the Survival of the United Kingdom, 1707-2007
History, British and Irish Modern History, Economic History
This chapter examines the longevity of the union state in Scotland. The Anglo-Scots union has thrived on the strength of a great range of relationships and institutions, spreading its roots and its ... More
This chapter examines the longevity of the union state in Scotland. The Anglo-Scots union has thrived on the strength of a great range of relationships and institutions, spreading its roots and its liabilities widely and intricately. It has, in its time, successfully attached Scottish patriotism to the broader British and union cause. It has provided a framework within which an effective and lasting British identity has emerged. The union has survived individual blows of devastating proportions: epically bloody wars, economic freefall, and the dissolution of empire. This survival and longevity is ultimately to be explained by the diversity of its support.Less
This chapter examines the longevity of the union state in Scotland. The Anglo-Scots union has thrived on the strength of a great range of relationships and institutions, spreading its roots and its liabilities widely and intricately. It has, in its time, successfully attached Scottish patriotism to the broader British and union cause. It has provided a framework within which an effective and lasting British identity has emerged. The union has survived individual blows of devastating proportions: epically bloody wars, economic freefall, and the dissolution of empire. This survival and longevity is ultimately to be explained by the diversity of its support.
Keywords: Anglo-Scots union, union state, Scottish patriotism, British identity
Two Worlds Meet
Nicholas P. Cushner
in Why Have You Come Here?: The Jesuits and the First Evangelization of Native America
Religion, History of Christianity
Renaissance Europeans were "certain" that they had reached the pinnacle of human endeavor. Religion, culture, art, society, and behavior were elements that differed from Europe to America. The ... More
Renaissance Europeans were "certain" that they had reached the pinnacle of human endeavor. Religion, culture, art, society, and behavior were elements that differed from Europe to America. The motivations of European missionaries involved the attempt to instill those elements into Native American societies. Spanish missionaries were aided by the Union of Church and State.Less
Renaissance Europeans were "certain" that they had reached the pinnacle of human endeavor. Religion, culture, art, society, and behavior were elements that differed from Europe to America. The motivations of European missionaries involved the attempt to instill those elements into Native American societies. Spanish missionaries were aided by the Union of Church and State.
Keywords: missionaries, Renaissance, Native American societies, Union of Church and State
The survival of the Irish union, 1800–1921
This chapter examines the longevity of the union state in Ireland. It emphasizes the malleability of the union, as well as some of the cultural means by which Britishness was insinuated into ... More
This chapter examines the longevity of the union state in Ireland. It emphasizes the malleability of the union, as well as some of the cultural means by which Britishness was insinuated into 19th-century Ireland. One further, critical, aspect of the argument has been that some of the factors, agencies, and institutions which sustained the union in contemporary Scotland operated, albeit in a much weakened manner, in Ireland. These distinctions were grounded partly in the fact that, while Scotland and Ireland shared an experience of union, this joint constitutional condition masked distinctive national experiences not only of England but also of the British Empire. The longevity of the Irish union can also be explained in terms of military and police action. Ireland was permanently garrisoned by British soldiers, and by the armed policemen of the Irish or (after 1867) 'Royal Irish' Constabulary. Ireland was ultimately bound to the union, not only by complex social, cultural, and economic ties, but also by the threat, and sometimes the reality, of force.Less
This chapter examines the longevity of the union state in Ireland. It emphasizes the malleability of the union, as well as some of the cultural means by which Britishness was insinuated into 19th-century Ireland. One further, critical, aspect of the argument has been that some of the factors, agencies, and institutions which sustained the union in contemporary Scotland operated, albeit in a much weakened manner, in Ireland. These distinctions were grounded partly in the fact that, while Scotland and Ireland shared an experience of union, this joint constitutional condition masked distinctive national experiences not only of England but also of the British Empire. The longevity of the Irish union can also be explained in terms of military and police action. Ireland was permanently garrisoned by British soldiers, and by the armed policemen of the Irish or (after 1867) 'Royal Irish' Constabulary. Ireland was ultimately bound to the union, not only by complex social, cultural, and economic ties, but also by the threat, and sometimes the reality, of force.
Keywords: Ireland, union state, Britishness, military action, police action
Conclusion: North Britain, West Britain
This chapter discusses the spiritual, economic, and imperial dimensions to union, which illustrates the broader contours of the distinction between the Scots and Irish experiences. It examines the ... More
This chapter discusses the spiritual, economic, and imperial dimensions to union, which illustrates the broader contours of the distinction between the Scots and Irish experiences. It examines the factors behind the longevity of the Scottish and Irish unions. For the Scots, the union was sufficiently capacious and flexible to allow the flourishing of distinctive Scottish institutions and patriotic sentiments. For the Irish, the union permitted the survival of a range of distinctive Irish institutions, although the problem was that for most of the 19th century these remained under the control of the Ascendancy interest, and thus did not function as a means of reconciling the national sentiments of the majority population to the union state. The Irish union failed because it could neither permanently accommodate nor defuse a distinctive Irish national sentiment. The pathology of Scottish failure appears to be somewhat different. The Scots union has survived thus far because it has, in fact, been able to contain and represent much Scottish national feeling.Less
This chapter discusses the spiritual, economic, and imperial dimensions to union, which illustrates the broader contours of the distinction between the Scots and Irish experiences. It examines the factors behind the longevity of the Scottish and Irish unions. For the Scots, the union was sufficiently capacious and flexible to allow the flourishing of distinctive Scottish institutions and patriotic sentiments. For the Irish, the union permitted the survival of a range of distinctive Irish institutions, although the problem was that for most of the 19th century these remained under the control of the Ascendancy interest, and thus did not function as a means of reconciling the national sentiments of the majority population to the union state. The Irish union failed because it could neither permanently accommodate nor defuse a distinctive Irish national sentiment. The pathology of Scottish failure appears to be somewhat different. The Scots union has survived thus far because it has, in fact, been able to contain and represent much Scottish national feeling.
Keywords: spiritual union, material union, Scotland, Ireland, union state, nationalism
Governing England: English Identity and Institutions in a Changing United Kingdom
Michael Kenny, Iain McLean, and Akash Paun (eds)
10.5871/bacad/9780197266465.001.0001
England is ruled directly from Westminster by institutions and parties that are both English and British. The non-recognition of England reflects a long-standing assumption of 'unionist statecraft' ... More
England is ruled directly from Westminster by institutions and parties that are both English and British. The non-recognition of England reflects a long-standing assumption of 'unionist statecraft' that to draw a distinction between what is English and what is British risks destabilising the union state. The book examines evidence that this conflation of England and Britain is growing harder to sustain in view of increasing political divergence between the nations of the UK and the awakening of English national identity. These trends were reflected in the 2016 vote to leave the European Union, driven predominantly by English voters (outside London). Brexit was motivated in part by a desire to restore the primacy of the Westminster Parliament, but there are countervailing pressures for England to gain its own representative institutions and for devolution to England's cities and regions. The book presents competing interpretations of the state of English nationhood, examining the views that little of significance has changed, that Englishness has been captured by populist nationalism, and that a more progressive, inclusive Englishness is struggling to emerge. We conclude that England's national consciousness remains fragmented due to deep cleavages in its political culture and the absence of a reflective national conversation about England's identity and relationship with the rest of the UK and the wider world. Brexit was a (largely) English revolt, tapping into unease about England's place within two intersecting Unions (British and European), but it is easier to identify what the nation spoke against than what it voted for.Less
Governing England : English Identity and Institutions in a Changing United Kingdom
England is ruled directly from Westminster by institutions and parties that are both English and British. The non-recognition of England reflects a long-standing assumption of 'unionist statecraft' that to draw a distinction between what is English and what is British risks destabilising the union state. The book examines evidence that this conflation of England and Britain is growing harder to sustain in view of increasing political divergence between the nations of the UK and the awakening of English national identity. These trends were reflected in the 2016 vote to leave the European Union, driven predominantly by English voters (outside London). Brexit was motivated in part by a desire to restore the primacy of the Westminster Parliament, but there are countervailing pressures for England to gain its own representative institutions and for devolution to England's cities and regions. The book presents competing interpretations of the state of English nationhood, examining the views that little of significance has changed, that Englishness has been captured by populist nationalism, and that a more progressive, inclusive Englishness is struggling to emerge. We conclude that England's national consciousness remains fragmented due to deep cleavages in its political culture and the absence of a reflective national conversation about England's identity and relationship with the rest of the UK and the wider world. Brexit was a (largely) English revolt, tapping into unease about England's place within two intersecting Unions (British and European), but it is easier to identify what the nation spoke against than what it voted for.
Keywords: Englishness, English nationhood, union state, national identity, Brexit, unionist statecraft, devolution
The Rise of International Policing
Mathieu Deflem
in Policing World Society: Historical Foundations of International Police Cooperation
Law, Criminal Law and Criminology
This chapter discusses the developments of international policing in Europe, focusing particularly on German police institutions. It shows how police institutions undergo crucial changes in terms of ... More
This chapter discusses the developments of international policing in Europe, focusing particularly on German police institutions. It shows how police institutions undergo crucial changes in terms of bureaucratization and professionalization from the mid-19th century onwards. It highlights the Police Union of German states, an international police organization established in 1851, which may count as one of the first multilateral international police organizations in modern times. It also examines the cause and course of the internationalization of the police function following the revolutionary year of 1848 and describes how the socio-political conditions influenced international policing.Less
This chapter discusses the developments of international policing in Europe, focusing particularly on German police institutions. It shows how police institutions undergo crucial changes in terms of bureaucratization and professionalization from the mid-19th century onwards. It highlights the Police Union of German states, an international police organization established in 1851, which may count as one of the first multilateral international police organizations in modern times. It also examines the cause and course of the internationalization of the police function following the revolutionary year of 1848 and describes how the socio-political conditions influenced international policing.
Keywords: international policing, Europe, German police, bureaucratization, Police Union of German States
Reform Opponents: Teachers, Unions, and the Implementation of Change
Manisha Priyam
in Contested Politics of Educational Reform in India: Aligning Opportunities with Interests
Political Science, Indian Politics
Collective action of teachers and their unions is assumed to be a powerful weapon, amongst the most formidable opponents of school reforms. The analytical literature on policy reforms considers them ... More
Collective action of teachers and their unions is assumed to be a powerful weapon, amongst the most formidable opponents of school reforms. The analytical literature on policy reforms considers them as classic examples of self-interested actors, who work together only to protect their vested interests and demand mainly higher wages. However, the empirical evidence on state-teacher relationships, and how unions have acted during the course of reform implementation in Andhra and Bihar, is counterintuitive. Andhra has a very competitive and vibrant presence of a number of teacher unions, with units at the state and district level. The State acted politically in negotiating with the largest Panchayati Raj Teachers Union, whose main demand was for government status, not higher wages. In the process, state gained the support of teachers for implementing new policies. Collaborative strategies were helpful for unions as well (in gaining the allegiance of existing members) and this was a disincentive to colliding with the state. Bihar was a contrast with one union the Bihar Rajya Prathmik Shikshak Sangh holding monopoly control, and disinterested in negotiating with the state on teacher issues.Less
Reform Opponents : Teachers, Unions, and the Implementation of Change
Collective action of teachers and their unions is assumed to be a powerful weapon, amongst the most formidable opponents of school reforms. The analytical literature on policy reforms considers them as classic examples of self-interested actors, who work together only to protect their vested interests and demand mainly higher wages. However, the empirical evidence on state-teacher relationships, and how unions have acted during the course of reform implementation in Andhra and Bihar, is counterintuitive. Andhra has a very competitive and vibrant presence of a number of teacher unions, with units at the state and district level. The State acted politically in negotiating with the largest Panchayati Raj Teachers Union, whose main demand was for government status, not higher wages. In the process, state gained the support of teachers for implementing new policies. Collaborative strategies were helpful for unions as well (in gaining the allegiance of existing members) and this was a disincentive to colliding with the state. Bihar was a contrast with one union the Bihar Rajya Prathmik Shikshak Sangh holding monopoly control, and disinterested in negotiating with the state on teacher issues.
Keywords: teacher unions, teacher policies, Bihar Rajya Prathmik Shikshak Sangh, state-union relation, collaborative strategies, para-teachers, contract teachers, inter-union competition, partisan affiliation
Ever looser union
in Devolution in the UK
The central argument of this book is that devolved government was the culmination of processes that had evolved over many decades but devolution was never inevitable. The original different unions ... More
The central argument of this book is that devolved government was the culmination of processes that had evolved over many decades but devolution was never inevitable. The original different unions have been important in the development of the UK's territorial politics but so too have been other forces. Social and economic pressures gave rise to different conceptions of what the state at the centre should do, how much it should intervene in society and the economy, and this had consequences for its territorial constitution and issues of territorial management. The greatest problem with the idea of the UK as a union state is that it focuses exclusively on only some or even one of the unions which created the state. If the unitary state understanding of the UK was inadequate because it only described the English polity, the union state understanding is inadequate because it ignores England and Wales.Less
The central argument of this book is that devolved government was the culmination of processes that had evolved over many decades but devolution was never inevitable. The original different unions have been important in the development of the UK's territorial politics but so too have been other forces. Social and economic pressures gave rise to different conceptions of what the state at the centre should do, how much it should intervene in society and the economy, and this had consequences for its territorial constitution and issues of territorial management. The greatest problem with the idea of the UK as a union state is that it focuses exclusively on only some or even one of the unions which created the state. If the unitary state understanding of the UK was inadequate because it only described the English polity, the union state understanding is inadequate because it ignores England and Wales.
Keywords: devolved government, devolution, UK, territorial politics, territorial management, England, union state, Wales
Ford's 1975 State of the Union Program
Yanek Mieczkowski
in Gerald Ford and the Challenges of the 1970s
10.5810/kentucky/9780813123493.003.0011
History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter examines former U.S. President Gerald Ford's 1975 State of the Union Address. In this speech, Ford first introduced his new energy program, then explained his plan to fight unemployment. ... More
This chapter examines former U.S. President Gerald Ford's 1975 State of the Union Address. In this speech, Ford first introduced his new energy program, then explained his plan to fight unemployment. He also described a $16 billion tax cut proposal and promised to return quickly to the economy the new revenues from energy conservation taxes, totalling $30 billion. This chapter also discusses the reaction of the Democratic members of Congress to Ford's speech and his proposed economic policy.Less
This chapter examines former U.S. President Gerald Ford's 1975 State of the Union Address. In this speech, Ford first introduced his new energy program, then explained his plan to fight unemployment. He also described a $16 billion tax cut proposal and promised to return quickly to the economy the new revenues from energy conservation taxes, totalling $30 billion. This chapter also discusses the reaction of the Democratic members of Congress to Ford's speech and his proposed economic policy.
Keywords: Gerald Ford, State of the Union, energy program, unemployment, tax cut, energy conservation, Democratic legislators, presidents, U.S
The Emergent Scottish Constitutional Tradition
W. Elliot Bulmer
in Constituting Scotland: The Scottish National Movement and the Westminster Model
Society and Culture, Scottish Studies
Continuing the examination of the contextual constraints that would bind Scottish constitution-makers in the event of independence, this chapter discusses the existing political and legal ... More
Continuing the examination of the contextual constraints that would bind Scottish constitution-makers in the event of independence, this chapter discusses the existing political and legal institutions of Scotland and their development from the beginnings of the Scottish national movement to 2016. It examines the emergence of distinctly Scottish constitutional ideas and institutions, from the legacy of the pre-Union Scottish kingdom, through the years of the 'Union-state' prior to devolution, to the design and operation of devolved bodies. It also examines responses by the Scottish national movement – both devolutionists and supporters of independence – to developments in British politics, especially the reaction against the winner-take-all and executive-dominated politics associated with the period from 1979 to 1997. The chapter concludes the first half of the book by summarising the basic conditions and requirements of a viable and acceptable constitution for Scotland in the event of independence.Less
Continuing the examination of the contextual constraints that would bind Scottish constitution-makers in the event of independence, this chapter discusses the existing political and legal institutions of Scotland and their development from the beginnings of the Scottish national movement to 2016. It examines the emergence of distinctly Scottish constitutional ideas and institutions, from the legacy of the pre-Union Scottish kingdom, through the years of the 'Union-state' prior to devolution, to the design and operation of devolved bodies. It also examines responses by the Scottish national movement – both devolutionists and supporters of independence – to developments in British politics, especially the reaction against the winner-take-all and executive-dominated politics associated with the period from 1979 to 1997. The chapter concludes the first half of the book by summarising the basic conditions and requirements of a viable and acceptable constitution for Scotland in the event of independence.
Keywords: Union-State, Devolution, Constitutional Convention, Claim of Right
Alternative Views of the European Union: Which Institutional Architecture for a Political Union?
Sergio Fabbrini
in The European Union: Democratic Principles and Institutional Architectures in Times of Crisis
Political Science, European Union
The chapter develops an argument in favour of an interpretation of the European Union (EU) as a compound union. To do that, it will confront the main interpretations of the Union that have ... More
The chapter develops an argument in favour of an interpretation of the European Union (EU) as a compound union. To do that, it will confront the main interpretations of the Union that have accompanied its development, that is the economic community's view and the two rival political interpretations of the EU as an intergovernmental or supranational organization. The euro crisis has highlighted the difficulty, if not impossibility, of keeping those different visions of the EU within the same project. The euro crisis has brought to the surface the existence of more than one Union, none of them able to give a coherent perspective of development to the EU. From this analysis, the chapter elaborates a proposal for setting up a compound union, based on the euro area member states and structured around an original model of separation of powers.Less
Alternative Views of the European Union : Which Institutional Architecture for a Political Union?
The chapter develops an argument in favour of an interpretation of the European Union (EU) as a compound union. To do that, it will confront the main interpretations of the Union that have accompanied its development, that is the economic community's view and the two rival political interpretations of the EU as an intergovernmental or supranational organization. The euro crisis has highlighted the difficulty, if not impossibility, of keeping those different visions of the EU within the same project. The euro crisis has brought to the surface the existence of more than one Union, none of them able to give a coherent perspective of development to the EU. From this analysis, the chapter elaborates a proposal for setting up a compound union, based on the euro area member states and structured around an original model of separation of powers.
Keywords: intergovernmentalism, supranationalism, separation of powers, unions of states, compound democracy, political union
Alexander Sokurov's Demoted (1980): Consciousness as Celebration
Alyssa DeBlasio
in The Filmmaker's Philosopher: Merab Mamardashvili and Russian Cinema
Between 1976 and 1980, Mamardashvili lectured at the All-Union State Institute of Cinematography in Moscow—the oldest and most prestigious film school in the Soviet Union. A common thread among the ... More
Between 1976 and 1980, Mamardashvili lectured at the All-Union State Institute of Cinematography in Moscow—the oldest and most prestigious film school in the Soviet Union. A common thread among the lectures he delivered there, and all his philosophical work, was his emphasis on the problem of consciousness and its role in the existential, transcendental, and moral lives of human beings. This chapter looks at the earliest direct cinematic nod to Mamardashvili, Sokurov's short film Demoted, within the broader narrative of Mamardashvili's philosophy of consciousness and the political discourse of the late Soviet period. I show how Demoted can serve as a cinematic portrait of Mamardashvili's paradoxical, but ultimately celebratory, view of human consciousness experience and the struggles that being human entails. The structure of this chapter serves as a model for the remaining chapters, in which I read one or more films side-by-side an idea that was important to Mamardashvili's philosophical project.Less
Between 1976 and 1980, Mamardashvili lectured at the All-Union State Institute of Cinematography in Moscow—the oldest and most prestigious film school in the Soviet Union. A common thread among the lectures he delivered there, and all his philosophical work, was his emphasis on the problem of consciousness and its role in the existential, transcendental, and moral lives of human beings. This chapter looks at the earliest direct cinematic nod to Mamardashvili, Sokurov's short film Demoted, within the broader narrative of Mamardashvili's philosophy of consciousness and the political discourse of the late Soviet period. I show how Demoted can serve as a cinematic portrait of Mamardashvili's paradoxical, but ultimately celebratory, view of human consciousness experience and the struggles that being human entails. The structure of this chapter serves as a model for the remaining chapters, in which I read one or more films side-by-side an idea that was important to Mamardashvili's philosophical project.
Keywords: Alexander Sokurov, VGIK, Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography, All-Union State Institute of Cinematography
The Politics of "at Home" Abroad
Tracy B. Strong
in Learning One's Native Tongue: Citizenship, Contestation, and Conflict in America
10.7208/chicago/9780226623368.003.0010
Political Science, American Politics
The aftermath of World War I sees the granting of suffrage to women (by the narrowest of margins). The Great Depression makes these deficiencies dramatically clear. The New Deal is an attempt by non- ... More
The aftermath of World War I sees the granting of suffrage to women (by the narrowest of margins). The Great Depression makes these deficiencies dramatically clear. The New Deal is an attempt by non- or semi-socialist forces in America to deal with the weaknesses of the American state, now that America had grown into the major industrial power. The forces behind Roosevelt soon split into two main factions. Roosevelt's 1944 State of the Union Message lays out a new bill of rights that is strongly of the Wallace vision. Wallace is Vice-President until 1944 when he is replaced by Harry Truman. Truman is much less open to co-existence with the Soviets. The USSR is increasingly aggressive in Western Europe – the Cold War is on the doorstep and enters with the publication of George Kennan's famous 'Long Telegram' advocating a policy of containment. Containment is in turn made cheaper by the development of atomic weapons and delivery systems that would have to be in flying range of the USSR. Domestically the fear of Communism leads to a vast shrinking of the political spectrum deemed legitimate.Less
The aftermath of World War I sees the granting of suffrage to women (by the narrowest of margins). The Great Depression makes these deficiencies dramatically clear. The New Deal is an attempt by non- or semi-socialist forces in America to deal with the weaknesses of the American state, now that America had grown into the major industrial power. The forces behind Roosevelt soon split into two main factions. Roosevelt's 1944 State of the Union Message lays out a new bill of rights that is strongly of the Wallace vision. Wallace is Vice-President until 1944 when he is replaced by Harry Truman. Truman is much less open to co-existence with the Soviets. The USSR is increasingly aggressive in Western Europe – the Cold War is on the doorstep and enters with the publication of George Kennan's famous 'Long Telegram' advocating a policy of containment. Containment is in turn made cheaper by the development of atomic weapons and delivery systems that would have to be in flying range of the USSR. Domestically the fear of Communism leads to a vast shrinking of the political spectrum deemed legitimate.
Keywords: Franklin D. Roosevelt, Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), Henry Wallace, "The American Century", "The People's Century", 1944 State of the Union, General Motors Strike, 1945, the Poland crisis, sources of the Cold War, atomic weapons
The Governor's 'Acutely Controversial' Role
Granville Austin
in Working a Democratic Constitution: A History of the Indian Experience
Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law
The governor is the 'linchpin of the constitutional apparatus of the state', reported the Sarkaria Commission in 1988. His role 'has emerged as one of the key issues in Union–State relations'. ... More
The governor is the 'linchpin of the constitutional apparatus of the state', reported the Sarkaria Commission in 1988. His role 'has emerged as one of the key issues in Union–State relations'. India's experience with 'governors' was millenia-old. To keep the governor functioning constitutionally, as defined by the Supreme Court, three approaches were recommended. The first of these approaches had to do with the appointment of the governor, the second with his security of tenure, and the third with prohibiting government-offered inducements that might prejudice the governor's behaviour in favour of the central government. This chapter describes gubernatorial independence, the discretionary authority of the governor, and the reservation of bills.Less
The governor is the 'linchpin of the constitutional apparatus of the state', reported the Sarkaria Commission in 1988. His role 'has emerged as one of the key issues in Union–State relations'. India's experience with 'governors' was millenia-old. To keep the governor functioning constitutionally, as defined by the Supreme Court, three approaches were recommended. The first of these approaches had to do with the appointment of the governor, the second with his security of tenure, and the third with prohibiting government-offered inducements that might prejudice the governor's behaviour in favour of the central government. This chapter describes gubernatorial independence, the discretionary authority of the governor, and the reservation of bills.
Keywords: gubernatorial Independence, discretionary authority, bill reservation, India, Sarkaria Commission, Union-State relations
Changes in Mandate Rhetoric: From the Progressive Era to the Partisan Era
Julia R. Azari
in Delivering the People's Message: The Changing Politics of the Presidential Mandate
10.7591/cornell/9780801452246.003.0002
This chapter details the changes in mandate rhetoric. Between the presidencies of Herbert Hoover and Barack Obama, presidential mandate rhetoric has changed in frequency, context, and content. When ... More
This chapter details the changes in mandate rhetoric. Between the presidencies of Herbert Hoover and Barack Obama, presidential mandate rhetoric has changed in frequency, context, and content. When presidents did refer to election results, they invoked broad issues and, in many cases, presented the president as a national trustee. Indeed, the contexts chosen for mandate rhetoric have expanded beyond inaugural and State of the Union addresses, with mandate references appearing in a steady percentage of news conferences, minor addresses, and remarks to members of the executive branch. A transformation in the content of mandate rhetoric has also occurred, with more efforts to present the president as a "delegate" of the people and more emphasis on specific policies and ideological themes.Less
Changes in Mandate Rhetoric : From the Progressive Era to the Partisan Era
This chapter details the changes in mandate rhetoric. Between the presidencies of Herbert Hoover and Barack Obama, presidential mandate rhetoric has changed in frequency, context, and content. When presidents did refer to election results, they invoked broad issues and, in many cases, presented the president as a national trustee. Indeed, the contexts chosen for mandate rhetoric have expanded beyond inaugural and State of the Union addresses, with mandate references appearing in a steady percentage of news conferences, minor addresses, and remarks to members of the executive branch. A transformation in the content of mandate rhetoric has also occurred, with more efforts to present the president as a "delegate" of the people and more emphasis on specific policies and ideological themes.
Keywords: mandate rhetoric, presidential mandate, State of the Union addresses, inaugural addresses, mandate references
The New Context: (1947–50)
J.S. Grewal
in Master Tara Singh in Indian History: Colonialism, Nationalism, and the Politics of Sikh Identity
10.1093/oso/9780199467099.003.0016
History, Indian History
In the new context after Independence, the most urgent problems before the governments of India and Punjab were rehabilitation, the language issue, and integration of the princely states. ... More
In the new context after Independence, the most urgent problems before the governments of India and Punjab were rehabilitation, the language issue, and integration of the princely states. Rehabilitation created Hindu majority in the province, with Sikh majority in six districts. The Sachar Formula to solve the language issue enabled the Arya Samaj leaders of the Punjabi region to exercise their preference for Hindi over Punjabi as the medium of education. Sardar Patel considered various possibilities and decided to form the Patiala and the East Punjab States Union (Pepsu). The caretaker government formed under Gian Singh Rarewala kept the Akalis out. Article 371 of the Constitution of India enabled Sardar Patel to intervene in the affairs of the Pepsu more effectively than in the affairs of the Punjab.Less
The New Context : (1947–50)
In the new context after Independence, the most urgent problems before the governments of India and Punjab were rehabilitation, the language issue, and integration of the princely states. Rehabilitation created Hindu majority in the province, with Sikh majority in six districts. The Sachar Formula to solve the language issue enabled the Arya Samaj leaders of the Punjabi region to exercise their preference for Hindi over Punjabi as the medium of education. Sardar Patel considered various possibilities and decided to form the Patiala and the East Punjab States Union (Pepsu). The caretaker government formed under Gian Singh Rarewala kept the Akalis out. Article 371 of the Constitution of India enabled Sardar Patel to intervene in the affairs of the Pepsu more effectively than in the affairs of the Punjab.
Keywords: The new context, rehabilitation, the language issue, princely states, Sikh majority, Sachar Formula, Sardar Patel, Patiala and the East Punjab States Union, Pepsu, Gian Singh Rarewala, Article 371
Political Rhetoric and Heroism
Bruce Peabody and Krista Jenkins
in Where Have All the Heroes Gone?: The Changing Nature of American Valor
Chapter Two begins to connect our theory with practice, testing our contentions that over roughly the last five decades our elected officials have advanced a ubiquitous and open-ended notion of the ... More
Chapter Two begins to connect our theory with practice, testing our contentions that over roughly the last five decades our elected officials have advanced a ubiquitous and open-ended notion of the heroic figure. In particular, we consider the incidence and content of presidential and congressional citations of heroes in both high-profile and more "workaday" political speeches, and we try to account for historical patterns in this usage.Less
Bruce PeabodyKrista Jenkins
Chapter Two begins to connect our theory with practice, testing our contentions that over roughly the last five decades our elected officials have advanced a ubiquitous and open-ended notion of the heroic figure. In particular, we consider the incidence and content of presidential and congressional citations of heroes in both high-profile and more "workaday" political speeches, and we try to account for historical patterns in this usage.
Keywords: Hero, President, rhetoric, State of the Union, Congress, speech, political communication


I've written before about this phenomenon of being struck dumb and rendered speechless by a fragrance…read my story about the magnetic and sensuous Onda EdP by perfumer, Vero Kern. It's happened again with the newest of her creations, .rozy. Voile d'Extrait.
If the love of perfume were a religion I would worship daily at the feet of this brilliantly talented woman. Vero Kern creates scents that are far far beyond the norm in their complexity and vision. The individual notes become almost irrelevant because with each scent she takes you on a journey to a different place of beauty, which is a transforming and emotional sense experience.
Vero Kern calls herself a perfume composer junkie. For her, creating fragrances is like a drug, a complete passion. "Perfumes are a love story.There is nothing more intimate in all of life than the connection between perfume and skin." cafleurebon.com Her creative output has been limited – three fragrances launched in 2007 – Rubj, Kiki and Onda, Mito in 2012, and Rozy in 2014. But unlike any other of her contemporaries, for each of her five fragrances Ms. Kern has created three different concentrations – Eau de Parfum, Parfum Extrait, and Voile d' Extrait. Rather than a simple "level of intensity" approach, each concentration represents a different facet of her creative vision, a different expression of the central theme, so that each one stands on its own within the three-part series. She is the only perfumer I know who curates her scents in this manner, and I think it's brilliant.
Vero Kern's rose-based scent, Rozy, was inspired by Anna Magnani, the Italian actress who starred in Tennessee William's The Rose Tattoo, for which she won an Oscar. Magnani was one of a kind, an imperfect unconventional beauty known for her intensely honest and emotional film performances which revealed the fearless strength, fragility, intelligence and humour, the sensuality and lust for life in all the characters she portrayed. Like Magnani, .rozy. Voile d'Extrait is an unconventional and intense kind of beauty, a kaleidoscopic rose that takes you on a ride like no other.
.rozy. Voile d'Extrait is the version that makes me speechless. The opening is spectacular and should win an award all on its own – it's a full-frontal attack of heady rose, camphorous tuberose, and dark cassis. The accord is strong and passionate with slightly sharp rough edges that are soon smoothed by strands of thick golden honey that pool and light up the rosy heart, which is then darkened with spices, and deepened with rich labdanum. Creamy smooth sandalwood soaks in the pool of honeyed roses and spices, and .rozy. Voile d'Extrait becomes this luscious, deep, animalic scent that becomes part of the skin, just like a rose tattoo. The dry-down is long and luxurious, the honey note becoming smoky and all the notes in play so that Rozy keeps its complexity to its smooth velvety end.
No patchouli, no woody resins, the honey and labdanum accord is Vero Kern's inspired choice to pair with the rose in .rozy.Voile D'Extrait, and is what makes it such a sensuous scent. Big and bold, unconventional, fiery and passionate, like Anna Magnani's zest for life. Is it truly a rose, is it even a floral, I don't really care. All I know is that this fragrance is a wonderful gift which transports me to a better place whenever I wear it.
Kudos and thank you to Vero Kern for her passion and dedication to the art of exceptional perfumery. If there were a Royal Court in Perfumeland, she would most definitely occupy the Throne.


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Kaisa, the next 30 years: 兩項任務 任重致遠
Kaisa Page / By Ang Chak Chi
The growing Kaisa family (main photo), now on its third generation, celebrates its 31st anniversary with (photos below, from left) blood-letting, swearing in of new set of Kaisa board (with Dr. Willie Ong as the inducting officer), and book launching activities.
For 31 years Kaisa Para Sa Kaunlaran has successfully accomplished tasks that had an impact on the Tsinoy community and mainstream society such as integration work, medical missions, relief operations, anti-crime efforts, research and publications, to name a few.
Yet, instead of resting on its laurels, Kaisa members know that much more needs to be done to fulfill our mission and vision. New problems, new challenges and new expectations arise. The work is unending. But then, there is no limit to learning and discovering new things.
On Kaisa's 16th anniversary in 2002, the founding officers decided to hand over the reins completely to the second-generation officers. Once a board member reaches 50 years old, he automatically gives up his board position to younger members.
As the second generation prepares to pass on the baton to the next (third) generation, considerable difficulties had to be faced and resolved. Kaisa forerunners wish to pass on the responsibilities to like-minded people who share and abide by Kaisa beliefs and ideals.
Unfortunately, because of changes in the social environment, two hindrances need to be acknowledged. First, the ethnic minority problem is no longer an urgent issue for the new generation. Kaisa's principal work – integration – no longer seems as relevant or attractive to young Tsinoys.
Second, western individualism, liberalism and ethos, and hedonism have shaped our youths to care first about themselves and watch out for their self interests. Under such a social environment, it is difficult to find and attract the youths today who will work with commitment and dedication for the greater good, and not for individual fame or fortune.
Hence, the succession problem – finding a new pool of earnest and sincere volunteers – to inherit Kaisa's work is most pressing. It is a problem common to many Tsinoy organizations today.
But we still have to face the problem and overcome this stumbling block. It is a challenge to which Kaisa must give priority.
Another aspiration of Kaisa is to mobilize the resources of the Tsinoy community – manpower and capital resource – to help in nation-building, to make greater contributions to and more significant impact on the Philippines.
The late president of the Federation of Filipino-Chinese Chambers of Commerce and Industry Inc., John Ng, mentioned several times that if only each Tsinoy businessman would contribute one percent, or even 0.1 percent, of their profit to any charity organization in the mainstream society, the effect to the Philippines will be immense and significant.
But how many Tsinoy businessmen are willing to do that?
This is the second challenge that Kaisa should continue to work hard on: to tap the potentials of the Tsinoy community and mobilize its resources for Philippine nation-building.


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What channel is Andy Murray on? Australian Open TV and live stream details
Rangers target indicates why Ibrox move could attract with Celtic connection
SportGolf
Scottish Open: Bob MacIntyre 'on his guard' after being tracked and traced
Forget about 'out of bounds' for the moment. 'Tracked and traced' have become the three words every top golfer dreads to hear just now. Just ask Bob MacIntyre after he heard that uttered in a phone call a week past Sunday.
By Martin Dempster
Tuesday, 6th July 2021, 3:38 pm
Updated Tuesday, 6th July 2021, 3:38 pm
Bob MacIntyre duing a video press conference ahead of the abrdn Scottish Open at The Renaissance Club in East Lothian. Picture: Mark Runnacles/Getty Images.
"I didn't know if it was a joke or not," admitted the young Scot, speaking as he prepared to be part of the event's strongest-ever field in this week's abrdn Scottish Open at The Renaissance Club in East Lothian "But I waited about ten minutes and then phoned Stoddy, my manager. I said, I think I've just been tracked-and-traced'."
He had, indeed, from a flight back from the US Open in California, meaning that a plan to return to action in last week's Dubai Duty Free Irish Open at Mount Juliet after a week at home had to be scrapped.
"We had to just take it on the chin," said MacIntyre. "I think it was four days to isolate, done that, got tested, negative again, and just go about it again. It's been a bit of a mad scramble the last couple days trying to get myself ready. But it's all part of the game just now and part of travelling life and you have to get set when you get hit with it."
Jon Rahm, of course, wasn't hindered too much by finding himself in Covid-19 isolation before landing his major breakthrough in that US Open at Torrey Pines. Like the new world No 1, who spearheads the field on his Scottish Open debut this week, MacIntyre is taking every precaution he can to ensure he can also tee up in next week's 149th Open at Royal St George's.
"Pretty simple," said the Oban man of the steps he will be taking. "Don't travel with anyone. Don't be around anyone. I was meant to go (down to Kent) on the charter flight down, but I'm not even doing that.
"I'm going to jump that car and drive down, simple as that. I've got to take no risk now, unless I test positive, unluckily from whatever, filling up the car, but again, you sanitise after I do that just now.
"Once you get hit with a bit of bad luck, you're always on your guard. I've just got to keep myself to myself and just don't do something stupid."
Because of having to adopt that attitude, a PlayStation is his new best pal. "It's tough," he said of changes he's had to make in life at home during the pandemic. "If I've got two weeks off and I've done my isolation, some of my pals are like, are you coming for dinner and whatnot one night?
"It's like, no, I'm not doing it because it's not worth the risk. You can't. Just now for me with big events, I'm not risking what I can gain from my job with just going and grabbing a meal. I'd rather have one of the boys around for a meal at the house rather than go to a restaurant. I'm not the best cook, but it's hard to burn a steak."
MacIntyre, who is making just his third appearance in the Scottish Open, has been paired with European No 1 Lee Westwood and 2020 US PGA champion Collin Morikawa in the opening two rounds at The Renaissance Club.
"My own expectations are zero," insisted the world No 51. "I'm here to play golf and enjoy myself like every week. Obviously I've got my standards. I'm not coming here not to try and win a golf tournament. Everyone that's in the field is trying to win.
"But, outside of that, what am I expecting from the week? I don't know. I just take what I'm given. I've put in the work. I'm still putting in the work. Try not to get in your own way and get on with it; it's as simple as that."
A strictly-limited attendance has been allowed for the Rolex Series event, making it the first big event to be played in front of fans in Scotland since the Alfred Dunhill Links Championship in October 2019.
"This is probably going to be the first event I've played in in Europe that's had fans since Qatar a year ago, so it's going to be brilliant," said MacIntyre, who spearheads an 11-strong home contingent in the event's third successive visit to the Tom Doak-designed course.
"Especially being on home turf, they are hopefully going to support and help me look for golf balls (laughing). It's going to be brilliant. The Scottish Open, no matter what's going on, is always good for us Scots and it's going to be brilliant with fans back again."
As things stand, MacIntyre, who is exempt from finishing joint-sixth on his debut at Royal Portrush in 2019, is the only Scot heading to Kent for the season's final major, though three spots are up for grabs through the Scottish Open and another one in a Challenge Tour event in France.
"It's tough," said MacIntyre of securing spots in the game's biggest events, having flown the Saltire along with just Martin Laird in the three majors so far this year. "It's not easy to get in and I don't know if I would get in world ranking-wise in the last few weeks.
"Obviously, a lot of guys didn't go and try and qualify through the qualifiers because it clashed with Ireland, one of the best events on Tour, and you can see why they didn't go and try that way, and that's where a lot of guys did qualify (in the past). But there's spots this week, so I wouldn't be surprised if someone or a couple of guys get it this week."
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Bob MacIntyreEast Lothian
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Hoops make that music that seems to be designed to bring out the sun, the guitars shimmer with sweetness and the hooks have an 80s swing that recalls Prefab Sprout and Tears For Fears
Come's with download card.
Hoops' full-length debut, Routines is a bittersweet and honest record that sounds both warmly familiar and jarringly distinctive. Whereas their previous releases were recorded on four-track tape machines in living rooms and basements (both their own and their parents'), Routines marks the band's first sessions in an actual studio - namely, Rear House Recording in Greenpoint, Brooklyn with Jarvis Taveniere (Widowspeak, Quilt).
Those sessions, however, were just one step in the band's careful creative process. After a few months of touring, they returned to Indiana to set up their gear in Krauter's parents' basement and began experimenting with the studio-recorded tracks. Some songs they only tinkered with, others they scrapped completely and rebuilt from the ground up. They were determined to make a record that sounded like Hoops. The result is Routines, the sharpest and clearest delineation of the band's sound thus far, drawing from and emphasizing each members' distinctive influences and personal styles:four guys making music that is larger than themselves.
1. Sun's Out
3. On Top
4. Benjals
6. On Letting Go
7. The Way Luv Is
9. All My Life
10. Underwater Theme
11. Worry
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COVID & Dating
by Katie de Rooy January 18, 2022
Oil and water. Taylor Swift and Jake Gyllenhaal. COVID and dating. Yep, some things just don't mix well together.The pandemic has challenged us all in one way or another (hello, mask acne) but our single peeps in particular are really feeling it.
Research tells us that lockdowns caused a spike in loneliness in a lot of Aussies, but it was our single pringles who were most severely impacted. Even now we seem to be over the worst of it, it's still taking a toll on those of us without a partner.
As if navigating the dating world wasn't hard enough, now we're getting out of lockdown and trying to remember how to act in public with the added layer of complexity that is COVID and vaccinations.
We explore how COVID has changed the way we date and offer some advice for our single guys, gals, and non-binary pals looking for lurve in a post-pandemic world.
How has COVID changed dating?
A long, long time ago in a COVID-free world where face masks were rarely seen outside the operating room and 'checking in' was reserved for bragging about your travel destinations on Facebook, dating involved dressing up for drinks, coffee, a movie; all the things we took for granted.
When Miss Rona was at her peak, we were confined to socially distant walks in the park and a whole lot of awkward virtual dates and FaceTiming as we pretended to know how to cook. Lockdowns and a lack of in-person quality time made it hard to really get to know someone. But, I mean, at least we didn't have to shave our legs.
But even now as restrictions ease, vaccine rates climb, and we emerge from our dark lockdown caves to frantically book in our beauty appointments, the domino effects of COVID are still impacting the way we date.
We're worried about our health
We don't care what Ben Lee says – there's no bigger turn-off than risking your physical health. The focus used to be on catching an STI, but now it's on getting the 'rona.
You might think twice about hugging your date hello. You might be wondering whether they wash their hands for the full recommended 20 seconds. You might feel an urge to bolt if they happen to cough, even if it's just to clear their throat.
Miss Rona has made us more conscious about hygiene and physical health on our dates than ever before, and it's normal to feel a bit antsy right now.
We're more intentional with our time
COVID has been a bit of a life-changing, perspective-shifting experience for some. It's kind of forced us to reconsider our priorities and what we want in life.
This means we're a bit clearer on our values and what we're looking for in a partner. This also means we CBF wasting time on people who don't fit that brief. Thank u, next.
We're still dating virtually
It's no surprise dating apps exploded in popularity during the pandemic. Lockdowns forced us to get online to find a potential partner. But it seems this trend has continued, even when we have the option of meeting face to face.
We're still seeing the value in really getting to know someone without the added distraction of physical touch. Virtual dates aren't just for long-distance lovers! Get yourself a good Wi-Fi and get online.
Vaccines and Dating
If COVID and vaccines have added another layer of complexity to your dating life, you're not alone.Your vax status may have an impact on your eligibility as a dating candidate as 'vaccine badges' are added to online dating apps.
Popular overseas, vaccine badges are rolling out locally on online dating platforms like Bumble and Tinder (*applause*). Move over cute dog and Master's degree – the vaccine badge is another lil flex to add to your attribution list to woo potential partners.
According to Tinder, this feature is a response to a 220% increase in the word "vaccine" in member bios since the start of 2021. While these badges technically can't officially verify your vaccination status, it's a step in the right direction to see who's vaccinated and who isn't (and who shares your values and who doesn't).
If having a 'hot vax summer' wasn't incentive enough to get the jab, this might be what it takes!
Tips for Dating During COVID
If Jen and Ben can find love again in 2021, so can we. We hope these tips help you navigate singledom during this weird time.
Set some ground rules for your in-person interaction. Freaking out about sanitiser and social distancing? Let them know! Agree on some rules before meeting in person to avoid any discomfort or awkwardness. For example, you might want to make sure you're both symptom-free before meeting, and meet up in an appropriate space to maintain social distancing.
Be clear about what you want. As we said above, COVID has made a lot of people more intentional about their time. When you put yourself out there, make sure you're honest about what you're looking for and what you expect. This will avoid wasting your time and theirs.
Ask the hard-hitting questions. Small talk? We don't know her. It's time to step it up and ask key questions early on to determine whether they're a good fit or not. Don't be afraid to tackle those big topics like politics, religion, social issues, and long-term life goals. Oh, and cats vs. dogs – duh!
Dating is a big part of life for our lovely singles out there. But when all else fails, don't forget to keep in touch with all the friends and family who love you. They won't expect you to shave your legs.


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A Rake is a Rake…Or Is It ?
Aug 24, 2015 · Paul Zwaska
Rakes of all shapes, sizes and configurations are vital crafting tools for the ballfield groundskeeper. Like the tools in a cabinetmaker's toolbox, each tool has its preferred use and specialty on a ball diamond. Some can be fairly specialized while others can be used for a wide variety of operations. Just like a supermarket's cereal or chip aisle, there are more choices then one knows what to do with sometimes. Most of the chores you will perform with your rakes/grooming tools include the following:
General raking – Just moving soil around, raking out the trash, rocks, and spoils
Rough grade work – When the grade doesn't need to be precise and totally smooth
Fine grading – Sod prep, infield skin leveling or game ready finish
Back raking – Using the rake in a reverse direction (pushing) in order to fluff up or cut shallow fine textured valleys and ridges in the infield soil or topdressing to speed drying of the surface of an infield skin after a rain event
Scarification – Cutting down high spots on clay or infield skin areas, loosening the surface of the soil areas
Lip Removal – Loosening and removing soil and topdressing that is glued into the turf edges of the skinned area or warning track by rain and irrigation
Which tools work best for each operation? Below is a chart that looks at the various tasks and ranks how each of the tool's performances typically pan out. Keep in mind that ultimately the choice of tools for a task usually falls on the personal preference of the groundskeeper performing the task. Everyone has their favorites but the chart should give you a place to start if you are looking for the right tool for the job.
Long Tooth Aluminum Grading Rake:
Your basic standard issue ground crew rake. Nothing special here, but it can do most basic jobs fairly well and usually comes in several different widths, from 24" to as wide as 60", depending on the tooth style chosen. These rakes tend to be the workhorse of a ground crew. They can take the real "bull" work of rough grading and general raking better than any other rakes.
Short Tooth Aluminum Grading Rake:
The short tooth rake leaves a fine grade, good for finish work after trash (pebbles, dead grass clippings, clay chunks, etc.) has been removed on skin areas. The sharper teeth are suitable for shallow scarifying. Will struggle if used for general raking or rough grading. You really need the longer teeth for that operation.
Double Play Aluminum Grading Rake:
The best of both worlds! Short and long teeth on one rake makes this rake more versatile. It can be used in many different applications. This rake is not for everyone though. Some people prefer to have the straight edge on one side of the rake instead of teeth on both sides.
Wooden Grading Rake:
A great all-around rake, a wooden grading rake is not as bulky and awkward as an aluminum grading rake. This lightweight rake truly excels with finesse work where detailed finish grading is desired. I've found that groundskeepers either really love this rake or they hate it. It all comes down to personal preference. The teeth are easily replaced if broken. Unfortunately the main manufacturer in the U.S. recently moved their plant and the over 100 year old machine that creates these rakes is proving very testy as they attempt to get it up and running. We hope it returns soon.
Aluminum Screening Rake:
If you are dealing with pebbles and rocks on your infield skin, this rake can be your best friend. The screening rake, combined with a steel mat drag and a sifter scoop shovel will help to greatly reduce the population of pebbles and stones in the infield skin over time. This rake will also do an adequate job in rough grading and removing other trash from the soil as it is graded.
Iron Rake:
There are several things to look for in order to have the right iron rake that can be productive for you.
1) Use a "level head" rake (T-shaped head as pictured to the left). Avoid a "bow rake" as these tend to vibrate or jump when pulled on hardened soil.
2) Make sure it has curved teeth. The curve places the teeth at a better angle for cutting into soil.
3) Sharpen the tines on the back. Grind the bottom ¼ of the tine of the rake on the back side down to a sharp point as illustrated to the left. A sharpened rake reduces the amount of effort the operator must apply in order for the rake to cut into the soil. This is especially true when shaving down high spots in mound and home plate clay areas and shaving out the small hardened lips along the turf edges of the infield skin.
Fan/Leaf Rake:
Used mainly for removing loose infield soil and topdressing out of turf edges before rain or irrigation glues it in tightly.
Lute Rake:
There are lots of different lute scarifying rakes available on the market, but the key to this lute rake is the curve in the rake head. That simple improvement over the other flat lute heads improves its ability to pull larger amounts of soil on the flat edge side without excessive operator fatigue. The curve also improves the performance of this tool for back raking wet infield skins on the serrated edge, especially those using infield topdressing.
Level Board:
The level board is the best fine hand grading and leveling tool available for groundskeepers. The stainless steel reinforced edge insures a strong cutting edge while the relief angle on the back of the level board head allows the tool to float on the surface more easily than the back of any metal rake. The 54" wide head improves grading and leveling on large areas. You should pperate it in much the same manner as a road grader operates its blade.
This blog provides a general direction as to the grooming tools to use for the tasks listed but every groundskeeper has an opinion or favorite tool. Lets get some feedback from our readers/groundskeepers out there. Tell us your preferred grooming rakes for various tasks or whether you agree with our ranking of the tools.
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Wear and Tear of the Groundskeeping Staff !
Aug 11, 2015 · Adrianne Machina
Football season is underway at all levels across America. Teams have begun to prepare themselves for the long season ahead. As a result, this is also the time of year when recreational baseball/softball fields may also be forced into double duty posing as football fields – which used to be standard practice for Major League Baseball and NFL Football. Today, heightened expectations for what a field "should" look like, along with heavily scheduled fields across multiple sports, can take its toll on the groundskeeping staff.
Dual Purpose Stadiums . . . . .
When I was a kid/young adult back in the 60's, 70's and 80's, dual purpose stadiums were the norm in professional sports. These fields would get torn up as they switched back-and-forth between football and baseball. It was one of the reasons for the birth of the artificial turf industry back in the mid-60's.
In those days, it was acceptable to have some wear (in some cases a lot of wear) on those professional fields during the overlap of sports seasons in August, September and October. Groundskeepers didn't like it, but they did their best to minimize the extent of damage and everyone understood for the most part.
The Ballpark Building Frenzy Changed Expectations . . . . .
Once we hit the mid-80's and continuing through the turn of the century, there was a stadium/ballpark building frenzy as many cities erected new ballparks and football stadiums. These new athletic facilities were always single sport facilities. Not only were football and baseball finally separated from each other, but the new field systems provided included much improved drainage systems, irrigation systems and the latest and greatest in turf grass cultivars that were more disease and traffic resistant.Additionally, unlike the last century, every game in every league in both of these sports are now on TV, and not the standard definition TV that we had in the previous century that actually hid a lot of problems on a field. Now we have Hi-Def TV that makes turf damage easier to spot. Because of this, we have moved into a new era of professional sports turf management where professional fields are expected to be perfect every day. And should a field have issues or display damage, there becomes much more heightened speculation and banter by observers, sportscasters and others as to what is wrong with the field.
All of this TV coverage adds additional scrutiny on the groundskeeper. It's as if a sports field manager is not allowed to have a blade of grass out of order at the professional level. Most groundskeepers I know are their own worst critic; to many of them they feel their field is only perfect maybe a couple dozen times a year. I was the exact same way in my years with the Orioles.
The Perfection Expectation is Contagious . . . . .
Unfortunately, this demand for perfection sometimes translates down to the recreational level. I have talked to many parks and recreation managers through the years who tell me stories of the public using their recreational fields, wondering why their park fields aren't as good as what they see on TV when watching professional games. There is obviously a serious disconnect here if the public can't separate public recreational fields from high-maintenance professional fields that they view on TV. This is unfair pressure and criticism bestowed on parks and recreation field managers whose resources are usually a small fraction of what the pros have to work with. The modern sports field manager has pressures coming from all directions – heavily scheduled facilities, tight or reduced budgets, limited resources, weather and just not enough hours in a day are some of them.
Expecting perfect or flawless fields is like asking a ballplayer to always bat 1000% or a doctor to never lose a patient. As groundskeepers we will all have wear to deal with, more at times than others. As long as you feel you have done everything in your power and budget to make it safe and playable, that's what really matters. Blemishes and wear will come and go.
If you need help stretching your field maintenance budget, our staff is happy to help you plan and prioritize your ordering. Just give us a call at 800-747-5985.
The ultimate ballfield resource. It's all here. . . . . .
Knockerball set to kick off !
Hammond, LA., locals will soon be able to don large plastic balls at Chappapeela Sports Park and take to the field to play soccer with a crashing and bouncing twist called KnockerSoccer.
"There aren't that many contact sports for adults out there," said Ryan Barker, Chappapeela Sports Park director. "I feel like KnockerBall is an innovative new sport where you can get a little contact. You're running around and kicking the ball, but now there's contact. You're playing soccer but you can run straight into someone."
Barker said they may expand into other sports using the KnockerBalls, but wants to start with soccer, as he said there is always a demand for adult soccer leagues with locals.
"With KnockerBall you get a little more collision, a little more contact and it's a little safer," he said. "A lot of retired footballers are really into this. They say they're getting that contact they did 20 years ago."
The teams will play on a smaller soccer field in teams of five.
The leagues will be organized by Tangi Kickball, which has a Facebook group under the same name, but played at the park.
"I hope people are going to be excited about this and come out and participate," Barker said.
The KnockerSoccer League plays by the same rules as traditional soccer and is co-ed. No positions, coaches or goalies are needed.
Rules state players cannot intentionally kick the balls or other players with their shoes or feet and no cleats or pointy shoes are allowed.
It is played for two- 15 minute halves with a five-minute halftime. The season is eight weeks long
The cost of a team is $150 for up to eight members. The season starts Sept. 10 and ends Nov. 5. Registration is open now and will close Aug. 31.
There will be a Winter season starting in December and a Spring season starting in March.
Registration is at Chappapeela Sports Park on Hipark Boulevard. For more information, visit Tangi Knockerball on Facebook.
Just Around the Corner ? . . . Fall Renovations !
With autumn sports getting ready to ramp up in the coming weeks and summer baseball/softball season winding down, it's wise to finalize your fall renovations NOW. It's always amazing to me how many people in our industry wait till the last minute, scrambling at the eleventh hour to try and pull a project together. Now they may be successful at pulling that off but it surely can't happen without some stress for the manager and his/ her crew.
The Earlier The Better
If your fall renovations involves bringing in contractors, you'll want to lock them in quickly before they get booked up for the fall. The rule here is the earlier in the year you can confirm the project, the better. Those who notoriously wait until the last minute to try to hire contractors for their field work will likely find themselves getting shut out because most quality field contractors will already be booked for the season. The earlier you lock them in, the better choice of dates you have to select from for them to complete your project.
Part of your fall renovations may require some quantitative testing, such as a soil fertility test for grass areas. These tests are used to help determine your fertility needs in order to bring your soil fertility up to optimum levels for your turf grass. This is always a good idea, especially going into fall as the soils have been depleted somewhat from the active summer growing season. The turf plants are in need of nutrients to rebuild their root systems, repair from summer disease and drought damage, and to aide in winter carbohydrate storage as winter dormancy approaches.
Infield Soil Testing
The other testing you should consider would be your infield soils. Did they perform like you wanted them to? Do they take too long to recover after a rain? Are your infield soils stable or loose? Does your infield soil runoff or move dramatically when it rains? These are all signs that your infield soils may need some help in order to bring them into balance to improve performance. Don't guess what's wrong with your infield skin; have it tested. Many can test, but few can analyze and interpret the results properly with respect to infield soil use, so choose your testing agency carefully. Beacon was one of the first companies to provide infield soil testing, analysis and recommendations for improvement back in the late 1990's. We have over 30 years' experience on staff to find the right solutions for your infield. Get your testing completed soon so when the season ends, you can jump right on that infield soil renovation project if the testing indicates the need for it. With results and recommendations in hand, you can plan and order the soils needed to blend into your infield to correct for any deficiencies.
Once you've finished up your testing, organize what work for fall renovations needs to be performed on your ballfields. These projects may include:
Turf Areas:
Aerification
Overseeding
Regrading to Improve Surface Drainage
Sodding
Lip Removal
Infield Skin Areas:
Infield Soil Amending
Leveling Infield Skin
Fortification of High Wear Areas (Batter's & Catcher's Boxes, Top Table & Front Slope of Mound)
Replacing Worn Pitching Rubbers and/or Home Plates
Replacing Old Base Anchors
Choose your projects, order your materials and equipment and begin to strategize how you will schedule the project and your crew.
Planning is an important stage of sports field management. Shooting from the hip causes inefficiencies and idle resources. Proper planning builds efficiency and keeps those resources busy, which usually increases the number of projects that can be taken on and completed during your fall renovations. Don't hold up your crew(s) by not being prepared this upcoming renovation season. Get your testing completed, make your plans and purchase the products needed so that when the time comes, your crews are ready at the gate. They'll know where they are going, what they are doing, and have the material and equipment to get the job done in a timely manner.
By: Paul Zwaska
Link: http://ballfields.com/2015/07/17/just-around-the-corner-fall-renovations/
Beacon Ballfields
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800-747-5985 | fax 608-836-0724
Skokie, IL. Park Board narrows in on final plan for new park !
The Skokie, IL. Park Board appears to be getting closer to making a decision on what will be included as part of a planned new park to occupy 17 acres of property. In the spring, a public hearing on development of Skokie Sports Park East included about a half-dozen plans — some with elaborate features, one even calling for a domed facility.
But Park Board commissioners last week narrowed their options to two plans, and the final plan to be decided on could be a hybrid of the two.
"I'm sure it's not going to be one plan or the other," said Park Board President Mike Reid. "I'm sure it will be a combination of the two."
Park District officials say the park will include a configuration of lit fields that can be used for baseball and softball as well as cricket and soccer. The park will have other amenities as well.
Under the plans, at least some fields would have synthetic turf, which is more costly but makes them much more usable and manageable after heavy rains, project designers said.
Representatives of the Lakota Group and Gewalt Hamilton Associates, Inc., firms that are developing the new park, told the Park Board that synthetic turf fields have become increasingly valuable for recreation facilities like the one Skokie is preparing.
They said there is "virtually no maintenance" involved in these fields.
One of the two final plans presented to the Park Board Tuesday, July 21, is estimated to cost $14 million, the other $20 million. But park officials will have opportunity to streamline a final plan in various ways, which could greatly alter the cost, the project designers said.
Both plans include additional parking from the 148 spaces available there now. The number of spaces at the site would increase to a minimum of 278 and likely more.
The park would also include a splash pad, but its size and configuration are still to be determined, as well as a fitness area.
The process has included input from a number of different sources including park patrons.
Park Board Vice President Susan Aberman said a walking path in or around the park should be viewed as a high priority based on feedback about the proposed park.
"It's very important," she said. "If we're going to do this, we must have a walking trail and the bigger the better."
Commissioners also were hoping a skate park would be part of the new property, but in the end, the designers said it wasn't a good fit and called it "incongruent" for the kind of park being developed. Park leaders vowed they will continue to explore options for bringing a skating area to Skokie.
The Skokie Park Board has had its eyes on the property next to Skokie Sports Park for a long time.
The site was once occupied by a gas manufacturing plant, which produced gas from coal from 1910 to the 1940s. Legal challenges and a settlement led to a major $60 million to $70 million environmental clean-up by Nicor Gas and ComEd that began in late 2012. The process if finally winding down this summer.
The Metropolitan Water Reclamation District owns the property, the west half of which is leased to the Park District for the sports park. Once the cleanup is completed, the adjoining section will also be leased to the Park District.
Differences in the plans include configurations on how to enter and exit the new park as well as the way fields are laid out and their uses. The designers said there has been a declining desire for fields to accommodate baseball and softball, but the need for soccer, Lacrosse and soccer fields are on the rise.
Some commissioners are planning to take a nearby field trip to the Winnetka Park District to see how one of its parks operates before a final decision is made. Park Board Executive Director John Ohrlund said the Park Board could make a final decision in September.
The Field Opening Checklist 2021 !
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Owner to rebuild after sports dome collapses under snowfall !
This sport is a 'way of life.' In a pandemic, it's also high risk.
sodawpadmin on SODA Sportsfield Planning Guide !
Jayse Sessi on SODA Sportsfield Planning Guide !
sodawpadmin on The Real Cost of Sports Field Maintenance Products !
sodawpadmin on Sports Officials Insurance Savings, and More !
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