text:
<?php
/*
	Question2Answer by Gideon Greenspan and contributors
	http://www.question2answer.org/

	File: qa-include/qa-lang-question.php
	Description: Language phrases for question page

	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
	of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

	This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
	but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
	MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
	GNU General Public License for more details.

	More about this license: http://www.question2answer.org/license.php
*/

	return array(
		'1_answer_title' => '1 Answer',
		'a_convert_to_c' => 'Convert this answer into a comment',
		'a_convert_to_c_on' => 'Convert this answer into a comment on:',
		'a_convert_warn' => 'Warning: This conversion cannot be reversed.',
		'a_convert_warn_cs' => 'Warning: This conversion cannot be reversed and will also move this answer\'s comments.',
		'a_notify_email' => 'Email me at this address if my answer is selected or commented on:',
		'a_notify_label' => 'Email me if my answer is selected or commented on',
		'a_notify_x_label' => 'Email me (^) if my answer is selected or commented on',
		'a_waiting_your_approval' => 'This answer is waiting for your approval',
		'a_your_waiting_approval' => 'Your answer will be checked and approved shortly.',
		'add_answer_button' => 'Add answer',
		'add_comment_button' => 'Add comment',
		'add_q_favorites' => 'Add this question to my favorites',
		'anon_name_label' => 'Your name to display (optional):',
		'answer_button' => 'answer',
		'answer_limit' => 'Too many answers received - please try again in an hour',
		'answer_must_be_approved' => 'Your account must be approved before you answer a question.',
		'answer_must_confirm' => 'Please ^5confirm your email address^6 to answer this question.',
		'answer_must_login' => 'Please ^1log in^2 or ^3register^4 to answer this question.',
		'answer_q_popup' => 'Answer this question',
		'approve_a_popup' => 'Approve this answer',
		'approve_button' => 'approve',
		'approve_c_popup' => 'Approve this comment',
		'approve_q_popup' => 'Approve this question',
		'ask_button' => 'Ask the Question',
		'ask_follow_from_a' => 'Your question will be related to this answer:',
		'ask_follow_title' => 'Ask a related question',
		'ask_limit' => 'Too many questions received - please try again in an hour',
		'ask_must_be_approved' => 'Your account must be approved before you ask a question.',
		'ask_must_confirm' => 'Please ^5confirm your email address^6 to ask a question.',
		'ask_must_login' => 'Please ^1log in^2 or ^3register^4 to ask a question.',
		'ask_same_q' => 'Before proceeding, please check your question was not asked already:',
		'ask_title' => 'Ask a question',
		'c_notify_email' => 'Email me at this address if a comment is added after mine:',
		'c_notify_label' => 'Email me if a comment is added after mine',
		'c_notify_x_label' => 'Email me (^) if a comment is added after mine',
		'c_waiting_your_approval' => 'This comment is waiting for your approval',
		'c_your_waiting_approval' => 'Your comment will be checked and approved shortly.',
		'category_ask_not_allowed' => 'You do not have permission to ask questions in this category',
		'category_js_note' => 'To select any category, please enable Javascript in your web browser.',
		'category_required' => 'Please choose a category',
		'claim_a_popup' => 'Assign this answer to your user account',
		'claim_button' => 'I wrote this',
		'claim_c_popup' => 'Assign this comment to your user account',
		'claim_q_popup' => 'Assign this question to your user account',
		'clear_flags_button' => 'clear flags',
		'clear_flags_popup' => 'Remove flags by all users',
		'close_button' => 'close',
		'close_duplicate' => 'This is a duplicate of another question',
		'close_duplicate_error' => 'The duplicate question could not be found - please try entering the number from a different question URL, e.g. 123.',
		'close_form_button' => 'Close question',
		'close_form_title' => 'Close this question',
		'close_original_note' => 'You can also enter the question number from the URL, e.g. 123.',
		'close_original_title' => 'URL of the original question:',
		'close_q_popup' => 'Close this question to any new answers',
		'close_reason_title' => 'Reason for closing this question:',
		'closed_as_duplicate' => 'closed as a duplicate of:',
		'closed_with_note' => 'closed with the note:',
		'comment_a_popup' => 'Add a comment on this answer',
		'comment_button' => 'comment',
		'comment_limit' => 'Too many comments received - please try again in an hour',
		'comment_must_be_approved' => 'Your account must be approved before you add a comment.',
		'comment_must_confirm' => 'Please ^5confirm your email address^6 to add a comment.',
		'comment_must_login' => 'Please ^1log in^2 or ^3register^4 to add a comment.',
		'comment_on_a' => 'On answer: ',
		'comment_on_q' => 'On question: ',
		'comment_q_popup' => 'Add a comment on this question',
		'delete_a_popup' => 'Delete this answer permanently',
		'delete_button' => 'delete',
		'delete_c_popup' => 'Delete this comment permanently',
		'delete_q_popup' => 'Delete this question permanently',
		'duplicate_content' => 'Your submission appears to be a duplicate.',
		'edit_a_popup' => 'Edit this answer',
		'edit_a_title' => 'Edit answer',
		'edit_button' => 'edit',
		'edit_c_popup' => 'Edit this comment',
		'edit_c_title' => 'Edit comment',
		'edit_must_confirm' => 'Please ^5confirm your email address^6 to edit this.',
		'edit_must_login' => 'Please ^1log in^2 or ^3register^4 to edit this.',
		'edit_q_popup' => 'Edit this question',
		'edit_q_title' => 'Edit Question',
		'example_tags' => 'Example tags: ',
		'flag_a_popup' => 'Flag this answer as spam or inappropriate',
		'flag_button' => 'flag',
		'flag_c_popup' => 'Flag this comment as spam or inappropriate',
		'flag_hide_button' => 'flag and hide',
		'flag_limit' => 'Too many posts flagged - please try again in an hour',
		'flag_must_confirm' => 'Please ^5confirm your email address^6 to flag posts.',
		'flag_must_login' => 'Please ^1log in^2 or ^3register^4 to flag posts.',
		'flag_not_allowed' => 'Flagging this is not allowed',
		'flag_q_popup' => 'Flag this question as spam or inappropriate',
		'follow_a_popup' => 'Ask a new question relating to this answer',
		'follow_button' => 'ask related question',
		'follows_a' => 'related to an answer for:',
		'follows_q' => 'about the question:',
		'hide_a_popup' => 'Hide this answer',
		'hide_button' => 'hide',
		'hide_c_popup' => 'Hide this comment',
		'hide_q_popup' => 'Hide this question',
		'matching_tags' => 'Matching tags: ',
		'max_tags_x' => 'A maximum of ^ tags are allowed',
		'min_tags_x' => 'Please provide at least ^ tag/s',
		'notify_email_note' => 'Privacy: Your email address will only be used for sending these notifications.',
		'q_category_label' => 'Category:',
		'q_content_label' => 'More information for the question:',
		'q_hidden_author' => 'This question has been hidden by its author',
		'q_hidden_flagged' => 'This question has been flagged and hidden',
		'q_hidden_other' => 'This question has been hidden',
		'q_notify_email' => 'Email me at this address if my question is answered or commented on:',
		'q_notify_label' => 'Email me if my question is answered or commented on',
		'q_notify_x_label' => 'Email me (^) if my question is answered or commented on',
		'q_tags_comma_label' => 'Tags - use comma (,) as a separator:',
		'q_tags_label' => 'Tags - use hyphens to combine words:',
		'q_title_label' => 'The question in one sentence:',
		'q_waiting_approval' => 'This question is waiting for approval',
		'q_waiting_your_approval' => 'This question is waiting for your approval',
		'q_your_waiting_approval' => 'Your question will be checked and approved shortly.',
		'recat_button' => 'recategorize',
		'recat_popup' => 'Change this question\'s category',
		'recat_q_title' => 'Recategorize question',
		'reject_a_popup' => 'Reject this answer',
		'reject_button' => 'reject',
		'reject_c_popup' => 'Reject this comment',
		'reject_q_popup' => 'Reject this question',
		'remove_q_favorites' => 'Remove this question from my favorites',
		'reopen_button' => 'reopen',
		'reopen_q_popup' => 'Reopen this question',
		'reply_button' => 'reply',
		'reply_c_popup' => 'Reply to this comment',
		'reshow_a_popup' => 'Reshow this answer',
		'reshow_button' => 'reshow',
		'reshow_c_popup' => 'Reshow this comment',
		'reshow_q_popup' => 'Reshow this question',
		'retag_button' => 'retag',
		'retag_cat_popup' => 'Change this question\'s category or tags',
		'retag_popup' => 'Change this question\'s tags',
		'retag_q_title' => 'Retag question',
		'save_silent_label' => 'Save silently to hide that this was edited',
		'select_popup' => 'Click to select as best answer',
		'select_text' => 'Best answer',
		'show_1_comment' => 'Show 1 comment',
		'show_1_previous_comment' => 'Show 1 previous comment',
		'show_x_comments' => 'Show ^ comments',
		'show_x_previous_comments' => 'Show ^ previous comments',
		'unflag_button' => 'unflag',
		'unflag_popup' => 'Remove the flag that you added',
		'unselect_popup' => 'Click to remove selection',
		'x_answers_title' => '^ Answers',
		'your_answer_title' => 'Your answer',
		'your_comment_a' => 'Your comment on this answer:',
		'your_comment_q' => 'Your comment on this question:',
	);

/*
	Omit PHP closing tag to help avoid accidental output
*/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
"Never give up, for that is just the place and time that the tide will turn."
~Harriet Beecher Stowe
Clinton Signs Bill for Safer Needles
The decades-long battle for federal protections against deadly needle sticks culminated in victory yesterday when President Clinton signed legislation requiring medical facilities across the nation to use safer syringes and blood-drawing devices.
The Needle Stick Safety and Prevention Act is expected to help save the lives of thousands of nurses, doctors and other health care workers who each year contract HIV, hepatitis C and other potentially lethal viruses from injuries involving contaminated needles.
Noting that the act drew bipartisan support, Clinton said it "makes clearer" the duty of employers to protect employees and pushes manufacturers to "increase the number of safer devices" on the market.
"It''s amazing that a dream to protect health care
workers came true today at the Oval Office," said Andrew Stern, president of the Service Employees International Union, which has campaigned for needle-stick prevention laws since the 1980s. "There are moments when democracy works, and the people are heard."
Modeled on a 1998 California statute sponsored by Assemblywoman Carole Migden, D-San Francisco, the federal law requires health care facilities to provide employees with syringes and blood-drawing devices that retract, blunt or cover needles after use. The safety features could eliminate up to 80 percent of the estimated 800,000 needle injuries that occur each year in the United States, studies show.
The laws were prompted by a series of Chronicle stories that described how needle sticks had infected tens of thousands of nurses, doctors, lab technicians and public safety workers with HIV and hepatitis viruses since the 1980s.
The stories reported that needles with safety features had existed since at least 1988, but few were being used because of inadequate regulation and the higher cost of the devices.
The act signed yesterday requires that workers who care for patients be directly involved in selecting the safety needles used in the workplace. The provision was a major victory for labor unions, which have argued that many hospitals buy the cheapest and least effective safety devices without consulting the employees who use them.
But the American Hospital Association said yesterday that it also was happy to see the provision in the new law.
"You need to have the people who actually use the devices involved in the process," said Rick Wade, senior vice president of the association.
Wade also praised the law for accommodating technology as it may develop in the future rather than specifying which devices health care facilities must use.
Regulations in the law require employers to keep detailed logs of when needle injuries occur and how they happen so that researchers can determine ways to prevent future incidents.
The secretary of labor now has up to six months to publish the new regulations in the Federal Register. They will take effect 90 days after publication.
The federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration will have primary responsibility for enforcing the new law, but the agency stressed yesterday that it is already policing health care facilities under a 1999 agency directive that allows safety inspectors to penalize facilities for failing to use needle-safety devices. The new law essentially codifies that directive, an OSHA spokeswoman explained.
In August, OSHA chief Charles Jeffress said the agency had identified about 2,600 hospitals and nursing homes with high levels of needle injuries and would inspect approximately one-third of them for compliance with the safer-needles guidelines. He said the inspectors would be looking to see whether the facilities had "reviewed what devices they are using and what devices are on the market. . . . Our goal is to reduce the number (of injuries), not to issue penalties and citations."
An OSHA spokeswoman said yesterday the agency would continue that approach.
Clinton''s signing of the new law caps a series of recent state and federal moves to deal with a needle-stick epidemic that threatens the health and safety of 8 million nurses, doctors and other medical and public safety workers around the nation.
Since California took action in 1998, 16 states have passed laws requiring safer needles in health care facilities.
One year ago, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta issued a strongly worded safety alert to the nation''s hospitals, warning of the serious dangers of accidental needle sticks. The alert noted that for every 100 beds, an average of 30 potentially fatal needle injuries occur each year in hospitals. Up to 80 percent of the injuries can be eliminated through the use of needles and syringes with built-in safety features, the CDC said.
But Congressman Pete Stark, D-Fremont, a sponsor of the new law, warned yesterday that "our job is not done."
"Because of intricacies in federal law, this bill will not protect health care workers in every public hospital. We must still work together to accomplish that goal."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Facebook needs to stop acting like a platform and start acting like a brand.
Mark Zuckerberg has not had a good week. A two-year long PR crisis has come to a head, and Facebook is facing some serious backlash. So the question is, how can Facebook win back the hearts — and more importantly the trust — of millions?
Related: 20 Revelations From Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg's Apology Tour
As it stands right now, Facebook staunchly believes itself to be a platform — but what it really needs to be is a brand. Brands fight for our business, and they do so by fighting for our attention. And as a result, brands have personality. Brands make us love them. And that's the action Zuckerberg needs to take.
Think about the companies we all love: Apple, Amazon, Tesla. These brands have purpose, they have meaning — they have created relationships with their consumers. And that relationship is what keeps the public loyal, even in the face of a communications hiccup. (And yes, we are all aware that playing a questionable role in a major election is more than a hiccup … but still.)
Apple is an omnipresent brand, but it is by no means a perfect brand. It's publicly confirmed it slows down batteries of older models. Yet here we are, still carrying our iPhones, looking for chargers. Because at this point, going non-Apple just really isn't an option.
Related: https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/310865
That's the beauty of "brand." It breeds loyalty. It has longevity. It attracts love.
Brands tell a story. They make the consumer feel things. They forge a personal connection. But, Facebook has always focused on the service, not on the emotion. And yes, its product is functional, but that doesn't mean it has to eschew the connection. No service is more functional than Amazon, but its brand is full of connection. Just look at its Super Bowl commercials. They were fun, heartwarming, engaging — and they were also a great PR effort for Jeff Bezos. The ads humanize a utilitarian brand, creating affinity and loyalty among consumers.
Steve Jobs was the inspirational, intelligent and beloved CEO who made it seem that, more than anything, he cared about moving society forward. Apple's goal was making your life better, easier, more efficient, more fun — and consumers loved that idea.
Related: The Co-Founder of Whatsapp, Which Is Owned by Facebook, Tweets '#deleteFacebook'
Once Jobs was gone, Elon Musk wanted to take on this role. And through tireless efforts, he's successfully filled those grey New Balance sneakers. Zuckerberg, on the other hand, hasn't tried to enter this space. And now, it's biting him in the you-know-where.
Tesla and SpaceX have had plenty of production issues. Potential bad press follows Musk around like a bad boyfriend, but we still love him and his companies. And that's because he's able to create a narrative of innovation and inspiration that consumers and investors are always willing to stand behind. He mystifies them. He charms them. He makes them fall in love with him. He's got a bit of a P.T. Barnum effect, actually.
And that's what Zuckerberg is missing.
Facebook is at a pivotal point in its history. Currently, if we're talking about its relationship status with the public, "it's complicated." But, with the right personification and branding, it can get back in the public's good graces despite the information crisis, and people will keep sending "friend requests" and tagging photos. Just like people keep buying iPhones.
Related: Elon Musk Just Deleted His Facebook Account
So, what needs to change? Right now, Facebook's brand communications are entirely transactional. Zuckerberg tells us what is happening but not why it's happening. And as a result, people view the brand from a place of utility. Nobody loves Facebook; they just use Facebook. It's a product, not a brand. And if the platform is going to survive this PR nightmare, it needs people to feel a legitimate and emotional connection to it. It can't just count on consumers using Facebook because it's convenient; they need people to love using Facebook.
Facebook needs to take its consumers on a journey, one that paints an inspirational and powerful vision of the future. It needs to create a narrative that makes Facebook an integral part of a better tomorrow. It needs to feel helpful, but human. It needs a brand story. It needs a bit of Barnum.
And it shouldn't be hard to do! Facebook — as a platform, as a brand, as whatever you want it to be — is already about "making the world a better place by connecting people." That's a powerful message that consumers can get behind.
Related: Don't Let a Data Debacle Like Facebook's Happen at Your Company
But now, in the wake of the Cambridge Analytica crisis, we're seeing what happens when the world doesn't get better by connecting people. And since Facebook hasn't spent time telling us a powerful narrative about the good side of connecting people, we're primed to believe and to become easily swayed by the bad side.
It's time for Facebook to realize that it is a brand. And then, for it to begin acting as such. It needs to invest time and effort into making people love them.
It's time for Facebook to change the narrative and turn its story into something positive.
If Zuckerberg wants to save his company, he needs to strike an emotional chord. He needs to earn his consumers' trust. He needs to create a future-looking brand story, one that makes Facebook feel important and inspirational — and imperative.
He needs to take us back to 2008, when we were all constantly changing our profile pictures and friending everyone we met. Back to poke wars and 60-photo albums, and afternoons spent writing on people's walls.
He needs to make us fall in love with Facebook all over again.
How to Boost Deliverability and Win at Email Marketing
The Biggest Mistake People Make About CMOs


A group of college students from NC Maple Spring Chinese Christian Church Student Fellowship at Winston Salem spent a meaningful weekend at CLRC Lake Gaston site from June 24 to June 26, 2016. It was our fourth Student Fellowship retreat. During the retreat, we worshiped the Lord, studied the Bible truths, and shared our faith and struggles together. We also went fishing, played Ping-Pang, enjoyed hot-pot, and shared the work of washing dishes, etc. Thank God who gave us such a wonderful opportunity to walk and grow together in the journey of following Christ.


SGX:BJW - Shinvest (SGD 0.94) 5 Followers SHINVEST HOLDING LTD.
Shinvest Holding Ltd. is an investment company, which engages in the manufacture and distribution of industrial fasteners. It operates through the following segments: Trading of Hardware and Fasteners, Precision Engineering, and Others. The Trading of Hardware and Fasteners segment includes retail, original equipment manufacturing, and export. The Precision Engineering segment refers to the manufacturing of high precision components and complex electromechanical assembly, serving mainly the semiconductor equipment manufacturers, oil and gas, medical and solar manufacturers. The Others segment comprises the investment holding and general trading. The company was founded on December 16, 1989 and is headquartered in Singapore.


Thanks so much for searching for me and finding me here… I hope to post some more inspiring thoughts and perspectives in the coming days.
It's been a bit dark around here for the past 5 years (more to come on that subject) but there's a warm glow on the horizon and the dawn is gradually breaking. I'm looking forward to sharing with you once more! Please let me know what you've been up to and if there is anything specifically you'd like me to write about in the comments section.
Previous Post What's Your Rising Sign?


MAP Maps Southern California & Southern Nevada map is complete with 35 detailed trips for the motor adventurer.
MAP Maps Southern California & Southern Nevada map is complete with 35 detailed trips for the motor adventurer. Whether you are looking for a fun-filled day trip or a relaxing weekend getaway, this map is the ultimate road trip planner as you take to the scenic highways of the diverse terrain of the Golden and Silver States.
From scenic coastal roads to California's famous deserts to the canyons in between, you'll explore some of the finest scenic roads and roadside stops this part of the state has to offer--all discovered by our local MAD scouts.
Covering the finest scenic roads from the Monterey-Carmel Peninsula down to Mexico, we offer 35 scenic road trips of the region-so there's a road trip for everyone. California Coast travel (Route 1) is a highlight as you explore such quintessentially California towns as Monterey, Carmel, Big Sur and Santa Barbara. Away from the coast, you can explore such gems as Los Padres National Forest, Angeles National Forest, Death Valley, Joshua Tree and Hoover Dam.
This California and Nevada travel map is definitely your guide to a world far more breathtaking than any Hollywood movie set.


Christian Laettner was MVP. Jerseys China The Olympic Hero and The Ultimate Underdog have mixed it up numerous times in the past – including a memorable clash at SummerSlam http://www.authenticangelsshop.com/authentic-17-shohei-ohtani-jersey.html 2002 – but their final match together on Raw could eclipse their prior NHL Jerseys China confrontations in terms of sheer emotion. 2 Nebraska 16 Lowdown: Two dominant '90s programs collided in the Orange Bowl in back-to-back seasons with quarterbacks Charlie Ward and Tommie Frazier at the helm. The Nets are 12th in the NBA in forcing turnovers with 13 per game. He was selected as the South team's kicker in the 1992 Senior Bowl. Such information may include the games you attend and the time of entry, and your spending at Levi's Stadium, on the website or at an affiliate store. the A's DH said. So, remember Womens Tyson Alualu Jersey this: Arizona, QB Kyler Murray; Oakland, QB Drew Lock; New York Giants, QB Cheap Jerseys 90 Dwayne Haskins.
The 30-year-old Jerseys China gave up all http://www.steelersofficialsstores.com/Tyson_Alualu_Jersey_Cheap three of his runs on solo homers. Besides that, fantastic site!
Middleton caught fire, finishing with a season high scoring total while falling one board shy of a double-double and contributing across every category except blocks. This is the best value for your money and is your ticket to success during the 2018 college basketball season. Allen Eastman's Famous 411 System for Betting the NFL by Doc's Sports – 2 2010 Several years ago a professional gambler finally Womens Shohei Ohtani Jersey perfected what he believed to be an Cheap Jerseys Online all-encompassing NFL football betting system: The 411 System. Cleveland is 19th in turnovers, as they turn the ball over an average of 12 times per 100 possessions while forcing 11 on defense. Johnson was named co-MVP of the 2002 Rose Bowl against Nebraska and led his team to victory. His field goal percentage is 62% and his free throw percentage is 64%. It is assumed Travis will be an immediate team leader, but there are obstacles to this. Scoring chances were Jerseys For Cheap 37 in favor of Blue Jackets, and 5v5 chances were 28, Columbus. This should lead to resolution, but if for some reason your problem or dispute is not resolved satisfactorily within sixty days after the Company's receipt of your written description of it, you agree to the further dispute resolution provisions below. There are 16 merchandise locations at M&T Bank Stadium. Studies have shown that offering laundry services in schools can help boost student attendance rates, class participation and grades. Finally, we will look at some former go-to fantasy assets who might be overvalued – in the short It was a slower-than-expected deadline day for the Vancouver Canucks. Jerseys For Cheap Cheap Jerseys Online Cheap NFL Jerseys Paypal West Coast College Hoops Betting Overview Cheap Jerseys 90 The ACC, Big Ten, Big 12 and even the SEC continue to grab most of the Cheap NFL Jerseys Paypal national media attention this season, with a serious void in the Pac-12 when it comes to the NHL Jerseys China Top 25 polls. The right-hander struggled to a 5 ERA and 85 K:BB across 101 innings with the Cubs prior to landing on the shelf, and he didn't fare much better in a pair of minor-league rehab starts, allowing seven runs across 6 innings while walking 10 and striking out four. Virginia closed out its regular-season schedule with an eight-game straight-up win streak to claim a share of top spot in the ACC standings and the No. He's seven feet tall, 250 pounds, and doesn't necessarily have the build of a professional athlete that one would stereotypically expect.


As the world turns into more internet savvy and buyers know what they are seeking for, firms have to pay out a lot more interest to their websites and creating confident that their current and likely consumers can locate their way about. It is also essential that organizations make confident that the deals offered are straightforward to find and are aggressive.
The phrase is also becoming unfold about the rewards of digital marketing and in particular Search engine optimisation (Research Motor Optimisation) and PPC (Pay out For every Click) companies. Both these companies are generally supplied by Digital Marketing and advertising organizations that are showing up up on a standard event presently. When utilised properly, the two Search engine optimization and PPC can have a massive influence on the product sales and profits of your company and with these companies proving to be very cost efficient, it is no surprise that a lot of of the top businesses in the entire world are now adopting techniques to contain them.
The term "Google it" is now a family phrase and any time somebody can not locate a merchandise they are searching for or some information they need, they open up the well-known lookup engine to see what they can locate. This delivers enormous likely for companies as if a customer demands a Lcd television to look at the enjoyment unfold at the World Cup and your organization comes up in the listings, there is a good opportunity that the client is going to open up your site to see what bargains are available. The procedure of showing in the look for motor benefits internet pages (SERP's) is what Search engine optimisation is for.
When a client is on your website page then it is all about how your website is established up and what varieties of discounts you have offered. If you can give a higher quality website that is straightforward to navigate close to as properly as offering the proper deals then the corresponding impact on your revenues will be great. trung tam seo tandigi is all about the return on expense (ROI) in company and Search engine optimisation and PPC services offer you a fantastic ROI.


Music consultancy to strengthen your brand.
We have years of experience in creating cultural identities for brands through devising music strategies, from consulting on the acoustic layout, to securing the right bands and DJs. Whether it is a small product launch or a global sonic branding campaign we have the experience, knowledge and connections to deliver for you.
Get in touch if you need music consultancy.


What is the Enterprise Architecture ?
The Enterprise Architecture (EA) is a major lever for defining these IS transformations and to steer them.
The diversity and complexity of transformations (including digital but not limited to it) conducted in parallel by public organizations enterprises reinforce the contribution of the EA.
Capitalizing on the experience of its members, the Urba -EA Club has set the playground of Enterprise Architecture through a frame of its activities.
The Enterprise Architecture (EA) found its origins in the late 80s in the US, where John Zachman provided a founding basis with the famous "framework" that bears his name.
At the same time, the Enterprise Architecture expands in France through IS Urbanism. Since the early 2000s, these initiatives were implemented in many companies and French administrations.
What does Enterprise Architecture brings ?
We can classify EA contributions according to five major themes.
For the company, the challenges of the digital transformation are numerous: optimization of operational performance, valorization of the information portfolio …, definition of new offers, definition of new activity areas, or even new business models to conquer new markets or to counter new competitors.
The EA has an essential role to play in this new IS context by strengthening the mastering of key elements for the success of IS projects linked to the digital transformation.
1 – What is the Enterprise Architecture?
Companies are experiencing major changes (new products, services, relationships with customers, regulations, mergers, internationalization, financial constraints …). Those changes affect both their business model, their strategy, their added value, their organizations, their modes of operation and also their relationship to the ecosystem (markets, customers, suppliers, …). And in this " heckled " context changes related to the digital opportunities are a key factor in the evolution of companies and their ecosystem.
In response, companies conduct multiple and rapid changes in their environment, their strategy, their business, relationships with customers …. Information Systems (IS) is at the heart of these changes.
Is part of the various processes and IS management repositories (governance process, project management, development, production, budget management ….) it enriches for everything related to the architecture and component on which it relies on.
These activities are completed by steering activities and EA support activities.
To ensure consistency between the different visions of the IS, the Enterprise Architecture must be based on a reference model.
The business vision creates a model for the business world.
Functional vision describes the functional architecture of the IS. It is an abstract vision of the information system that can move in a structured way from the business vision to the application vision and build an urbanized IS.
The application vision describes the architecture and software and datas components that perform automated business functions & objects defined in the functional architecture.
For each vision, concepts and IS elements are distributed over two levels, the treatment level or the "processes" in the broad sense, and the level of informations and datas.
The different plans of information and data constitute a transverse way to the four visions, which the club calls the "information and data vision." The goal of this vision is to highlight the different concepts and representations relating to data architecture from the business vision to the technical vision, and their necessary consistency.
according to different views on the company from the strategic & business visions to more technical visions.
In Anglo -Saxon countries, many actors will develop in the 90s and 2000s approaches and EA practices. Thus in 1998 the Open Group creates TOGAF, The Open Group Architecture Framework, based on the work done by the Department of Defense of the US government. TOGAF is currently in a 9.1version.
At the same time, the Enterprise Architecture expands in France through IS city planning processes. Since the early 2000s, these initiatives were implemented in many companies and French administrations.
3 – What does Enterprise Architecture Brings?
The EA significantly contributes to the emergence of IS structuring business issues and the definition of solutions to answer these problems.
The AE increases the scalability of IS by reducing its complexity and provides more agility through the promotion of modular and standardized solutions.
The EA optimizes the application portfolio by the rationalizations proposals, and by the obsolescence risk management.
From the 2010s, the opening of the company to the digital economy is accelerating.
The digital environment in which the company is evolving, is structured in three areas: the sovereign space on which the company has control, the extended space in which the direct partners of the company take place (customers, suppliers …) and the digital ecosystem, an open space that the company can use to expand its economic space, or to which the company confronts to master the risks of its business, including competitive risks.
The IS is at the heart of all these issues. A new paradigm appears to IS: turning a productivity tool based on the sovereign IS into a business development tool open to the outside.
And transversely to these topics, the mastery of associated digital risks.
Processes disappear behind the customs, customer behavior and satisfaction of expectations.
With digital processing, to meet the new uses appears new solutions and new IS, more agile, the Shorter lead changes, more or less intertwined with the heart of IS, sometimes out of ISD direct control.
These new IS, often relying on new architectures must interface with existing IS as lasting elements of the new IS are intended to inter- operate with them. The EA plays a key role in facilitating interoperability.
The choice of architecture and solutions made in the projects related to digital transformation must consider the integration and coherence with the needs of the IS heart ecosystem.
In these areas, EA provides the framework for an overall management targets and trajectories of the transformation of IS.


text:
Static's secret rests with material exchange
By Elinor Richards2012-03-27T00:00:00+01:00
The charge that develops when two materials are rubbed together is dependent on tiny fragments of the materials transferring onto each other
The charge that develops when two materials are rubbed together is dependent on tiny fragments of the materials transferring onto each other, say US scientists. The effect can even invert the normal polarity of the charging, so materials that would normally become positively charged can turn negative and vice versa.
Contact charging has provided hours of entertainment with balloons, hair and synthetic fibre clothing for generations. But it has also provided something of a headache for chemists attempting to rank materials into a 'triboelectric series' relating their propensity to develop charge. As Bartosz Grzybowski from Northwestern University in Illinois explains, looking through the literature turns up a surprising number of irreproducible and contradictory results - even for the same pairs of materials.
Over the past few years, says Grzybowski, it has become increasingly clear that contact charging is much more related to the surface properties of an object than the bulk material from which it is made. While there is still debate over what carries charge between materials - whether it is electrons, ions or both - it has also emerged that nanoscale fragments of material are transferred from each material to the other, carrying their own charge with them.
'People had thought that this material transfer was probably only modifying charging to a small degree,' says Grzybowski. 'We've shown that, actually, through material transfer you can change the overall polarity of the materials. So something that initially is charging minus, if you touch it a little bit more [with the charging material], it will become plus.'
'This really shows that there are at least two important mechanisms involved, and material transfer can't be ignored,' says Dan Lacks, who researches contact charging at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, US. 'The bad thing is it's hard to control or predict how much it's going to happen,' he adds. 'In real life you're often not starting with clean materials so you don't know what they've touched or rubbed on.'
But it goes even further than that, says Grzybowski. Even the way the polymers are processed can affect how they charge. 'At one point we were studying Teflon beads from two different suppliers, and they turned out to behave totally differently,' he says. His team have some preliminary results showing that the orientation and arrangement of the polymer chains is strongly affected by any surface charge on the mould they are made in.
It has taken a barrage of high-end analytical techniques to pin down these complexities. Grzybowski's team used a combination of various kinds of atomic force and Kelvin probe microscopy, along with Raman and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, plus techniques to characterise the hardness and wear parameters of the different materials.
Grzybowski attributes these latest insights to a combination of new technology to examine the phenomenon at the nanoscale, and a little of the wisdom that comes with age. 'I did similar experiments 10 years ago with George Whitesides [at Harvard University, US]. Back then we agreed it was a nightmare and we should quit, because there was nothing we could correlate with anything else!'
Lacks agrees that while new techniques have played their role in recent developments, it is an influx of new ideas that has reinvigorated interest in tribocharging. 'Once new ideas come out, it motivates more people to test things,' he says.


text:
In Flanders Fields - Story behind the Famous Poem by John McCrae - Preface
1. POPPIES GROW in FLANDERS FIELDS
2. WEARING RED POPPIES
3. RED POPPIES at the TOWER of LONDON
Following the horrific death of his young friend - Alexis Helmer - during the Second Battle of Ypres, Major John McCrae (a Canadian medical doctor from Guelph, Ontario) wrote "In Flanders Fields."
In Flanders Fields the poppies blow
Between the crosses row on row,
McCrae's poem was published in the British magazine, Punch, in December of 1915. It was soon printed elsewhere, including the United States (then contemplating whether to join the war).
During the late afternoon of April 22, 1915, the Second Battle of Ypres began. (The First Battle of Ypres—near a town in northern Belgium of the same name—took place during the autumn of 1915.) The Second Battle produced massive casualties:
Finally, after four days of severe fighting, most of the Canadian forces were withdrawn on 26 April [1915]. About 6000 officers and men of the Canadian Division had been killed, wounded, captured, or had simply disappeared. ("Ypres: Inexperienced Canadians Hold the Line," article from The Canadian Encyclopedia online.)
During June of 1915, McCrae was transferred to Northern France where he set up a hospital (referred to as No. 3 Canadian) at Dannes-Camiers (near Boulogne-sur-Mer). The conditions were atrocious.
Still working near Boulogne, McCrae developed pneumonia and died on the 28th of January, 1918. By that time, he was a Lt. Colonel.
His poem remains the most famous written during the first world war. In this video clip, the 15-line work of art is read by Anthony Davies.
It was also during the Second Battle of Ypres, in 1915, that Germany first used chemicals as a weapon of war on the Western Front. Chlorine gas (in April) and mustard gas (in June) caused men to die in horrifying ways.
One soldier - Lance Sgt. Elmer Cotton - lived to tell about it:
It [chlorine gas] produces a flooding of the lungs - it is an equivalent of death to drowning, only on dry land.
The effects are these - a splitting headache and terrific thirst (to drink water is instant death), a knife-edge of pain in the lungs and the coughing up of a greenish froth off the stomach and the lungs, ending finally in insensibility and death.
The colour of the skin turns a greenish black and yellow ... and the eyes assume a glassy stare. It is a fiendish death to die. (Lance Sergeant Elmer Cotton, quoted by Scott Christianson, in Fatal Airs, page 31.)
Despite such awful reports, of battle activities on the fields of Flanders, red poppies were growing in those same war-scarred fields. What do we know about them ?
Original Release: Oct 25, 2013
Updated Last Revision: Nov 10, 2018
Video clip, featuring "In Flanders Fields" - as read by Anthony Davies - is online, courtesy worcesterjonny's channel at YouTube.
The photos displayed inside the text, from Library and Archives Canada and Australian War Memorial, have the following descriptions and sources:
Street in Ypres, during July, 1916. Online via Library and Archives Canada; MIKAN no. 3403739.
A notice, on the ruins of Ypres Cathedral, says: "This is holy ground. No stone of this fabric may be taken away. It is a heritage for all civilised peoples. By order, Town Mayor, Ypres." Online via Australian War Memorial, P00735.019.
Unidentified Canadian soldier, with mustard-gas burns, following Germany's introduction of chemical weapons during the Second Battle of Ypres. Online via Library and Archives Canada; MIKAN no. 3194270.
Bos, Carole "In Flanders Fields - Story behind the Famous Poem by John McCrae" AwesomeStories.com. Oct 25, 2013. Jul 16, 2019.
<http://www.awesomestories.com/asset/view/130842>.
Listen to Narration
Academic Alignments	Learning Tasks	Questions to Ponder ?	View Summary	Media Stream
POPPIES GROW in FLANDERS FIELDS
WEARING RED POPPIES
RED POPPIES at the TOWER of LONDON
Ypres - Street Scene July 1916
Ypres - Holy Ground
Ypres - Mustard-Gas Burns
In Flanders Fields - John McCrae
Facial Wounds from Shrapnel Strike in WWI


text:
require 'spec_helper'

describe Rubocop::Cop::Lint::EndInMethod do
  subject(:cop) { described_class.new }

  it 'reports an offence for def with an END inside' do
    src = ['def test',
           '  END { something }',
           'end']
    inspect_source(cop, src)
    expect(cop.offences.size).to eq(1)
  end

  it 'reports an offence for defs with an END inside' do
    src = ['def self.test',
           '  END { something }',
           'end']
    inspect_source(cop, src)
    expect(cop.offences.size).to eq(1)
  end

  it 'accepts END outside of def(s)' do
    src = ['END { something }']
    inspect_source(cop, src)
    expect(cop.offences).to be_empty
  end
end


text:
WP7 Roundup: Roll, match and save some cash
WP7 / by Bishop Tart /
This week, we match flowers, roll a sphere and do other things that don't cost much.
Flowerz: This game's similar to the match-three games Bejeweled and Hexic. The main difference? You're now matching flowers. You start off with only matching red, blue and yellow flowers, but as you progress, you have to start matching more and more hues. READ MORE
WP7 Roundup: Cro-Mag Rally, Beards & Beaks
This week, we look at a port of iOS/Mac mainstay Cro-Mag Rally and an in-house Microsoft title.
Cro-Mag Rally: Kart racers have seen their fair share of ups and downs, from the great Mario Kart 64 to the not-so-much Madagascar Kartz. Cro-Mag Rally first launched in 2008 on the iPhone (though it was a Mac game before that), and honestly, not much has changed. The tilt controls are the same, and the graphics and textures still don't look right. There is a learning curve, and those prone to dizziness should stay away as the steering can get out of control. READ MORE
WP7 Roundup: Guitar Hero 5, Spell It
This week, we look at a mobile version of the venerable rhythm series and a social word game.
Guitar Hero 5: Guitar Hero might be taking a hiatus, but that doesn't mean we can't take the Windows Phone 7 version of Guitar Hero 5 for a spin. Gone are the five-button guitars, and in its place are three touch buttons: green, red, and yellow. Gameplay consists of you hitting the correct button when the notes hit the bottom of the screen, very reminiscent of the console games. The game features over 30 songs, most of which have been in past Guitar Hero games. READ MORE
WP7 Roundup: Hydro Thunder Go, Full House Poker
This week, we take a look at Hydro Thunder Go, the racing game with boats, water and terrific visuals, as well as the mobile version of Full House Poker.
Hydro Thunder Go: Tilt control is the main control scheme in Go, and it's utilized very nicely. Never do you feel as if the boat is out of control. There are two available modes: Championship is your standard campaign mode, and Time Trial allows you to download ghost of your friends' best times to try to beat. Both give you bronze, silver, and gold trophies, but finishing in the top three unlocks more tracks and boats. (We appreciate that it's forgiving like that.) READ MORE
WP7 Roundup: Women's Murder Club, Fast & Furious: Adrenaline
This week, we're solving crimes by looking at pictures, then committing them by driving fast in cars.
Women's Murder Club: Death in Scarlet: Based on a James Patterson book, this game has you trying to solve murders and crimes by finding items hidden in pictures. The main problem with this, though, is that most of the items don't pertain to the crime you're investigating. Trying to find a butterfly won't help you solve a murder. Some of the items are also very small, something that will hurt gamers with small screens on their phones, since you do have a 5-minute timer. READ MORE


text:
E-MUDARABA SUGGESTED SYSTEM FOR ISLAMIC INVESTMENTS
Omer Hag Hamid*
Bachelor of Science in International Business, AMA International University Aligarh, Bahrain
Mohammad Allaymoun
AMA International University Aligarh, Bahrain
Omer Hag Hamid
E-mail: oahaghamid@amaiu.edu.bh
This paper initiates a new ideas, for technical proposal, to digitalize the traditional Mudaraba contract, with a very special proposal, provides an effective technical mechanism, to complete the process of managing the Mudaraba account, in accordance with the requirements of Islamic Shariah, regarding the Mudaraba rules, by providing variety of proposed technical options, covering the set-up of Mudaraba investment account, managing this account, through withdrawal and deposit operations, easily distribution of generated profits, ability to convert the account nature from investment to current account, and vice versa. As well as, simplifying the operations, with the ability creation of an electronic system instead of the complex traditional procedures, which used in the traditional management of Mudaraba accounts, the system considers strongly the Islamic banking regulations and rules which are essential to validate the Islamic banking transactions. Additionally, the system considered the required level of security in banking operations, by introducing a mechanism to secure the operation from any potential threatens.
Mudaraba; Sharia; Islamic Banks; E-Bank; Investments; Electronic Signature; Applications
The local, regional and international banking arena is witnessing recently a great development in the Islamic banking industry, in establishing a new Islamic banks and the increasing of the Islamic windows, beside the conventional services [1], Islamic banks are considered as a new addition to ethic, safe and fair banking operations for a large group of depositors, especially Muslims, compared with conventional banks [2].
Islamic banking can define as the banking institution that collects and employs fund within the scope of Islamic Sharia (A religious law forming part of the Islamic tradition, It is derived from the religious precepts of Islam, particularly the Quran and the Hadith. Islamic law of transaction based on the prohibition of the usury which is known as Riba and the uncertainty which is known as Garar) [3], which aims to establish the Islamic justice society and achieving the equal distribution of wealth, the philosophy of Islamic banks is based on the principle of non-interest [4], which accepting deposits without interest rate as compensation for depositors, instead Islamic banks employ these deposits in areas permissible by Islamic law, through legitimate methods as well [5]. In addition, Islamic banks are financial institutions that act as financial intermediaries between savers and investors units, within the framework of the Shariah-based; Mudaraba is the Sharia suggested investment contract, based on the principle of profit and loss sharing [6].
Investment generally means the money generation through productive activities, with a financial investment instruments, such as stocks and bonds, or a real investment such as property's ownership [7], Investment also means assets purchasing by individuals and enterprises in order to obtain current or future income [8,9]. Islamic investment mean a set of productive and commercial activities to generate money in the Islamic way [10]. It is also an alternative process of freezing idle money, because the basic of money is to invest in productive activities, so the entitlement of returns requires production, Sharia forbidding usury, which generates money out of money [11]. In this area, Islamic banks are engaged in a various operations, which aim to support the society development, through the investment in activities acceptable to Sharia, the investment in the various ways and methods aims to achieve the legal profits from Sharia point of view, the most prominent among these methods is the Mudaraba.which can be known as: An investment partnership agreement under which the investor (the "Rab-ul-Mal") provides capital to the investment manager (the "Mudarib") in order to undertake a business or an investment activity. While profits are shared on a pre-agreed ratio, losses are borne only by the investor [12]. Banking Mudaraba is known as the provision of money to the bank to invest for a part of the generated profits, it is a safe way for clients to invest their money, and has been successfully applied in contemporary investments modes. The Mudaraba generated profit is must be known and divided between the parties by a pre-agreed ratio, which are percentages of the expected profits and not to the capital, if a lump sum pre-determined as a return, this spoils the contract without dispute [13].
This research covers two areas : the technical area, in terms of suggesting an integrated capable system, providing many technical options to the clients, in order to invest fund through the Mudaraba Islamic bank account, the suggested options intend to provide an easy management of the investment account through the 1-possibility of sharply profits calculations, 2-transfer of profits from the investment account to current accounts, 3-add and withdrew amounts in the Mudaraba investment account 4-full financial reports about all the transactions on the Mudaraba investment account. The other side discussed by the research is the banking procedure side, which aims to convert the traditional banking procedures into a technical tools provided by the system, the research focuses on the validity of the operations that are conducted on the Mudaraba investment accounts within the Islamic banks conditions, and the compatibility of these tools with the Islamic Sharia.
As a result of the rapid growth in information technology, the use of electronic banking services has become one of the most important competition factors in banking industry. Banks have taken strides towards switching to e-banking services, to satisfy clients and to compete in banking services. E-banking services are accessible, secure and easy for the clients to use on a 24-hour basis [14]. Such services (website, e-cards, ATMs, smart phone applications, etc.), directing customers to use electronic banking services instead of traditional way, to achieve competitive advantage, Islamic banks as well should improve their electronic banking services to catch up with the current developments in technology [15].
One of the concepts associated with electronic banking services is the electronic operations, which means all financial and banking operations carried out or held via an electronic means. It is an important approach for establishing the electronic smart contract, which is conducted by electronic means in whole or in a part. It is authenticated, verifies the validity of the process and the identity of the client through the electronic signature, which is an encrypted part of the data, built up of letters, numbers or symbols, and listed in electronic, digital or image format. So that the originator can be identified, distinguished and confirmed for its content [16].
Mudaraba is a contract between two parties, one provides the capital of specific and known amount, to a second party, usually competent and safe, to invests this capital under certain conditions, the generated profits distribute between parties with a greed ratios [13], Mudaraba is one of the most important modes of investing money, executed by prophet Mohamed(peace be upon him) before Islam with his wife khadeja, currently it is widely used by investors, banks and Islamic financial institutions [17]. Accordingly, the Mudaraba mentioned in this study is the banking Mudaraba, thus the study aspires to provide a proposed technical system, that may help implementing the banking Mudaraba contract easily and smoothly, which consists of many investors and a lot of employees, so bank accepts deposits from many clients who are not able to manage their own money, instead they choose the Islamic bank to invests their money on Islamic Sharia bases [18].
Shariah Rules in Mudaraba
According to primary and secondary sources of Islamic Sharia, regarding the conditions of the Mudaraba, there is a certain rules should be apply, to validate the contract from the sharia point of view, this rules are [19]:
• The capital shall be known and delivered to the (Mudarib).
• Both parties agreed the share of both parties in the Mudaraba profit.
• The owner of the money (the client) shall bear the loss.
• Profits will be distributed after the capital is recovered.
• If there is any negligence or misconduct of the Mudarib (the bank) the bank shall bear the loss.
• In the case of continuing Mudaraba, the loss may be covered from the profit of another operation.
• The Mudarib should employ best efforts to accomplish the objectives of the contract and investment.
Mudaraba Types
The Mudaraba classified to different types, as per the characteristic of the contract [20]:
• Mudaraba according to the nature of investment activity (unrestricted and restricted).
• Mudaraba according to the period of the Mudaraba contract (temporary and permanent).
• Mudaraba according to the number of parties (binary and collective).
The paper mainly concerned the type of Mudaraba with the characteristics that combine the freedom of the bank to invest in any activity it deems profitable (unrestricted), and the contract is temporary, and the Mudaraba is collective, (multi-party Mudaraba), the collective Mudaraba can categorized in to three cases:
• One capital provider in the contract and multi managers, such as investing for the capital provider a number of managers, who have experiences and the know-how in management and investment, against a specific share of profit.
• One manager and multi investors, specific percentage of the profit to the management, this research supposed this style, bank do the management, in this case bank can establish one or separate contracts with investors, and this may be before the bank's work in the first client's money, or after (this case is applied to the proposed system, so that one bank invests for a number of money-providers (clients), and the system is keen to apply the traditional form of Mudaraba in a technical application.
• Multiple managers and multiple investors. These three scenarios of collective Mudaraba have been effectively applied to financial investment in Islamic banks, as an alternative to interest-based investment, and created a good opportunity for Islamic bank's clients to find a legitimate alternative to invest their money.
Steps of Traditional Banking Mudaraba [21]:
The Mudaraba operation commonly executed in the Islamic banks with many steps:
• A number of clients, each one invest a certain amount of money, in order to invest legally in the form of Mudaraba, clients have a certain percentage of expected profits, such as half or two thirds.The rest of the profit to the Islamic Bank.
• The Islamic Bank mixes all these funds and then invests in areas that comply with Islamic law.
• The Islamic Bank calculates the profits at the end of each year in an estimated manner. (Altandeed Alhokmi)1, by counting the existing funds, including those recovered from investors with bank in different deals.
• The bank then deducts its share of agreed profits, which is the percentage that agreed upon the Mudaraba contract, then handing over the profits to the clients according to the invested amount and period.
• Any client may withdraw his capital in whole or in a part, at any time before or after the end of the year, but with a change in the percentage of profit entitlement from invested capital. This will be added as a technical tool in the proposed system, which will help clients to manage their investment easily.
• Investors bear the losses, without default or negligence from the Islamic bank; the amount of such damage shall be deducted from the client's capital. If the losses are a result of a negligence or misconduct by the bank, the bank shall bear the loss.
Above are the steps taken by traditional Mudaraba in Islamic banks, this will be apply to the proposed system, in a consistency with Islamic Shariah rules.
The system is trying to find an effective technical mechanism that provides many important tools, helping clients to manage the investment in the Mudaraba accounts, from these tools, the mechanism of profits distribution, which depend on the basis of legitimacy in the distribution of profits, it will use the mechanism of estimation (Altandeed Alhokmi), It aims to estimate the cash value of the expected profits, at the end of the contract term, or at the client request time [22]. Hence, the estimation mechanism in the Mudaraba contract, allows the Mudaraba contract to be terminated by the clients at any time, during the duration of the contract.
When applying the Islamic Shariah requirements to the traditional banking Mudaraba steps, there are a number of points that accompany these steps that require legitimate discussion, to give the proposed system, the ability to apply the Sharia rules in all suggested technical tools:
Determining a specific period of time for Mudaraba contract: Mudaraba is a flexible contracts, allows the possibility of termination of the contract at any time, according to the willing of the parties, accordingly, both client or bank may requests termination of the contract at any time, and in the case of Mudaraba in a certain period specified in the contract, most important scholars of Islamic law (Hanafis and Hanbali) have approved the timing of Mudaraba investment at a certain time [23].
Termination of the Mudaraba contract: The Sharia legal rules regarding the termination of Mudaraba contract, relied on the views of a group of Muslim scholars, they all confirmed the possibility of client to terminate the contract at any time, and the possibility of taking part of the profits at any time, before ending of the contract, this rule is suitable for clients who engaged in collective Mudaraba [24], so the proposed system (electronic Mudaraba) provides a number of technical options to the clients aiming to participate in Islamic banking Mudaraba contract, such as, ending the Mudaraba contract, transferring money from the Mudaraba investment account to the current account, the electronic smart contracts used to apply the legal conditions that allow client to transfer the funds, so that the process is sound and valid from the legal perspective, additionally, the system also provides another technical service, enabling the client to withdraw part of the profits when needed, by calculating the profit rate, and estimating the period in which the capital was invested, and transferring the required amount by electronic contract, to the current account, the benefit of these technical services, is to give an easy option to manage investment in the Mudaraba accounts, without banks requiring clients to have a certain period of time to get their generated profits.
Distribution of profits by numbering: This term mainly intended to distribute the client's share of profits when realized, according to the investment amount, multiplied by the period of investment with the bank.
Example 1: If the first client deposits in Mudraba account a thousand dollars for one month, and the second client deposits in Mudraba account two thousand dollars for two months, if the expected profit is 5%, the first client under the principle of distribution by (numbering) is worth the profits of one hundred dollars (1%), (1 × 1=1), and the second client (2 × 2=4), the first client number is combined with the second client number (1 + 4=5) then the profits divided to the total number (500/5=100), which is equal the share of the number of (100) and then multiplied to the number of shares per client (1 × 100=100),second client profits will be (4x100=400).
Traditional Mudaraba account Procedures in Islamic banks [19,20]:
• Submit an application for investment in Islamic Mudaraba.
• Put the client's money at the disposal of the bank.
• Implementation of investment activities.
• Distribution of profits.
The Proposed System
This section reviews the importance of information technology,and its contribution to the banking operations, and the emergence of many technical tools, to facilitate transactions between clients and banks to be fast, flexible and efficient. Electronic banking service means the online banking, and the creation of a web page by banks, to provide Information about their products and services, and providing technical tools, that allow clients accessing to the accounts, transferring funds, paying bills, and purchasing products or services online [25].
Figure 1 shows the structure of the system available options, which helps clients to manage their investments easily and safely. The general purpose of the system is to assist Islamic banks in initiate electronic Islamic finance instruments, these instruments, take into consideration the validity of banking transactions from the Sharia point of view. As Islamic transactions in general, are very sensitive in strictly following the Sharia rules, the system aims to create a proper converting for a punch of traditional contracts, to smart digital contracts, and initiate a banking services, that meet client ambition, so this research provide a mechanism of managing investment in Islamic banks, moreover, the system investigate the possibility of offering acceptable tools for both Islamic and non-Islamic banks, this system considers that the electronic services provided to clients must be simple, easy and safe.
Figure 1: Structure of the services provided by the proposed system.
This system assumes that the client already opened Mudaraba account in the bank. The data flows, show in the structure, covers all the orders exchanged between system participants. Figure 2 shows the system main screen, consists of the technical suggested tools. This screen appears after the client logs in traditionally, as commonly in electronic banks, by entering a password and user name.
Figure 2: The E- Mudaraba provided services.
This part, gives details about each tool and its procedures, steps and added values:
Account convertor: This tool provides the following options
• Convert the nature of the account, from the current account to the Mudaraba investment account.
• Transfer money, from the current account to the Mudaraba investment account.
Compare to the traditional steps, which require a termination of the established contract, and conduct a new contract with new conditions, this system, provides a technical tool, to execute the above mentioned manual steps, in digital way, which is reduce the traditional complicated steps, as explained bellow:
• Termination of Mudaraba contract: in this step the client sign an application that he requires the termination of the Mudaraba contract, in order to determine the amount that he wishes to withdraw from the capital, and then, a new contract establish between the client and the bank, in the remaining amount.
• The client cannot transfer the money directly to the current account. There must be a signed application, to transfer the amount.
But the proposed system provides a tool to terminate the Mudaraba contract, which makes it easier for parties, the banks and the clients, to complete the process easily and quickly. In addition, the tool enables the transfer of funds, directly from the Mudaraba investment account, to the current account, or any account determined by the client, without any applications.
For adding funds to the Mudaraba investment account, from the current account, the traditional way is carried out the following steps:
• Establishing a new Mudaraba contract specifying the investment amount, the profits ratio and the duration of the contract.
• Deposit the money in a cash or bank transfer.
It is noticeable from this traditional process, that it uses many contracts, in order to validate the process, to be compliant with the Islamic Sharia, but the proposed system, works to provide and execute the necessary electronic contracts, for each step, where clients were asked to approve these contracts, so that operations could be conducted easily and conveniently.
Profits transfer: This tool helps clients to withdraw a part or all of generated profits, from the investment Mudaraba account, as explained in the second part of this research, there is an agreed profit rate in the Mudaraba contract, which is depends on the capital amount, and the investment period, In this option, the conversion process is done by calculating the generated profits, based on the Shria legal maxim "Altandeed Alhokmi" which is explained earlier [18].
Profit calculator: The proposed system, provides a profit calculator, offers many options such as: knowing the percentage of the profits, profit amount and cumulative capital, considering that, in the Mudaraba investment accounts, the profit rate is fixed, which means, it does not increase or decrease at any time of the contract, while the profit amount increase and decrease according to capital amount and period of investment. Using the distribution of profits by numbering method explained previously.
Reporting: The proposed system provides a tool to prepare reports for all important data, which helps clients to obtain a detailed summary of the operations performed on the Mudaraba investment accounts. These results are in the form of drawings and statistical tables, through which the clients can receive feedback, helping them to manage their investment accounts effectively and accurately.
Promotion: This tool helps banks to advertise the most important and latest offers to clients, in the field of investments, to keep clients aware of important information, in order to increase or develop their investments. This tool strongly supports the spread of e-banking services, which is an indicator of financial inclusion, targeted by banks as one of the most important indicators of the good performance.
The concept of sustainability of debt implies the fulfillment of intertemporal budget constraint condition. It means in the long-run the market value of government debt must be equal to present value of debt. In the violation of above condition fiscal policy is not sustainable. Budget constraint in the equation form may be written as below This research highlights the importance of e-Mudaraba, and the extent of its contributions, in motivating clients to invest and manage their funds, the system provides many smart options and services, that suit and comply with Islamic law, considering the necessity to innovate modern ideas and tools, to develop the Islamic banking institution's provided services, with applying the current technologies widely used in daily life. In Islamic law of transactions it is essential to base on legal contract, while executing transactions and operations, for instant, in Mudaraba operations, the process of deducting a part of the capital and transfer it to the current account, it requires three different contracts, and each contract needs to be signed by the client and the bank, these processes definitely cost time and effort, the e-Mudaraba suggested system, provides the possibility of creating and execute the necessary contracts for all transactions in one screen, the process which requires days to complete, could be done in a short time in the e-Mudaraba system, with highly accuracy under the terms and conditions of Islamic valid contracts.
Figure 3 shows the electronic contract, to transfer a part of the capital, from current account to Mudaraba investment account, applying the Sharia requirement regarding the valid contract, specially, the conditions regards the offer and acceptance, which are simply applied in easy and fast way, through the code sending and approval.
Figure 3: E-Mudaraba contract establishing screen.
Figure 4 shows the digital calculator, which gives the client the accurate results about the investment amount and generated profits, according to the profit and loss sharing (PLS) declared margin, based on the investment amount, and the specified distribution period of profit (monthly, quarterly, semiannually and annually). Additionally, the calculator enables client to calculate the cumulative profits, and many other options, such as getting the estimated margin of profits in certain period and certain amount.
Figure 4: Electronic Calculator.
Figure 5 shows the financial statement and yearly report, to explain the cash out and in, payment, balance, cumulative amounts in both withdrew or deposit, with recent and expected future PLS margin, and this summarized in diagram, to show the historical PLS, as shown in Figure 6.
Figure 5: Mudaraba financial statement (yearly).
Figure 6: PLS Margin diagram.
Figure 7 shows the monthly financial statement, and to explain the cash out and in, and summary to all monthly data payment, balance, cumulative amounts in both withdrew or deposit, with recent and expected future PLS margin.
Figure 7: E-Mudaraba financial statement (monthly).
The system covers all its procedures with an effective security system. This system, commonly used in the most electronic banking procedures, which are usually similar, starting with client's verification procedures, in a series of procedures that verify the client's identity. It is assumed that, the client has a password and a user name, provided by the bank, the client enters the user name and password, then verification code sent to the client's email or phone number, contains a verification code (a verification code is a set of symbols and numbers). After the verification process, as the system contains many services, the system asks the client's verification code if he wants to carry out any operation [26]. The security system is flexible and effective, commensurate with the importance of transactions conducted by the client [27].
The unique additional features in this system is the creation of a mechanism to issue the verification code, through the electronic signature [28], and as we discussed earlier, the Islamic operations are done through the establishment of the valid contracts, and those contracts are need offer from bank and acceptance from the client, which is been applied through the electronic signature, Figure 8 shows, the mechanism of generating the code is strict, in order to ensure the highest degree of verification of the client identity, this idea is a new, provided by the system, the mechanism of creating code is through a mathematical equation, the variables are electronic signature, the service intended to be conducted by the client and a specific code, in conclusion, the mechanism of electronic signature, one of the most processes requested by the client, in the management of his investment account, so the system created this mechanism, to ensure that the client is sure to carry out the process identified in advance, if the client doubts in any operation, the bank can provide the client with a report recording the time of the transaction, and the verification code, through which it indicates the name of the client and the service desired. This is the proposed guide and reference to all operations in the system.
Figure 8: Code generation mechanism.
Conclusion and Future Work
This research provides a proposed system for the management of the Mudaraba investment accounts, which contains many technical services (account transfer, profit transfer, profit calculator, reports), which help Islamic banks to provide the online banking services, and to convert the traditional transactions to technical tools.
The traditional transactions in Islamic banking (Murabaha, Mudaraba, Musharaka, etc.) need to follow clear and sharp steps, to complete the transaction. These steps are mainly based on Islamic Shariah regulations, and must be followed strictly. Thus, the system provides these services in the form of technical tools, that enable client to manage his account online, without the need to visit the bank, and use the traditional way to complete transactions; instead, the client will be able to execute any operation with the available electronic contracts, suggested by the system.
The flexibility in executing operations that the system provides, enable client to easily convert the nature of current account to an investment account, that gives returns on investment, and this encourage clients to invest in the Mudaraba investment account, without losing the option to withdrew the invested amount, in emergency cases, which is complicated and required many steps in the traditional investment account.
This research intend to contribute significantly in the current efforts in both academic and industry institutions, to come up with the current development in banking services quality, that based on technologies, rather than traditional procedures, as a necessary transition in the current competition all over the world, Islamic banking industry in past decades, developed a lot and reached to non-Islamic societies, this requires quantitative and qualitative changes in provided services, with strong considerations to the Sharia rules, regarding the operations and transactions, this challenges, especially in technology, needy to certain ideas, to achieve the level of satisfaction, this research particularly tries to discover and study the possibilities of converting traditional steps, operations and procedures in to digital mechanisms, without violation to rules and regulations governing the Islamic contracts.
The Future work will include detailed validation of the technical side and the banking side; moreover, a real scenario testing will carry out, supported by a validation from experts in banking and industry, and will cover the system technical side and Sharia legal side.
1 Is the process of estimating the values of assets and investments using accounting and financial measurement tools, so that the fair market value is considered at the valuation time. It is considered as an alternative to the actual liquidation of assets and investments. The assets are valued at fair market value as if the asset had been sold and the debt had been collected.
Kamal A, Lokesh G, Bala S (2008) Islamic Banking: Practical Perspectives. Selangor: Pearson Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.
Martin C, Heiko H (2008) "Islamic Banks and Financial Stability: An Empirical Analysis" IMF Working Paper.
Mahmoud M, Zamir I, Ahmed R, Xiaochen F (2011) The Role of Islamic Finance in Enhancing Financial Inclusion in Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) Countries. The World Bank Working Paper No. 5920.
Ilieva J, Ristovska N, Kozuharov S (2017) Banking without Interest. UTMS Journal of Economics 8: 131-139.
Faruq AAU, Hassan MK (2007) Riba and Islamic Banking. Journal of Islamic Economics, Banking and Finance 3: 9-42.
Adel A (2010) Global financial crisis: An Islamic finance perspective. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management 3: 306-320.
"Investment", Business Dictionary, Retrieved 7-6-2017. Edited.
"Investment", Investopedia, Retrieved 7-6-2017. Edited.
Investment - "investment" in Business English. Cambridge Dictionary, Retrieved 7-6-2017. Edited.
Herald K (2006) Islamic Investments: It's a Matter of Compliance. Property Council of Australia.
Siddiqui R (2005) Islamic investment opportunities in the OIC: Alternative investments to reverse capital flight. In: Jaffer S (ed.) Islamic Retail Banking and Finance: Global Challenges and Opportunities. London: Euromoney Books.
Siddiqi MN (2004) Riba, bank, bank interest and rationale of its prohibition. Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: Islamic Development Bank, Islamic Research and Training Institute.
Tag El-Din SI (2008) Income Ratio, Risk-Sharing, and the Optimality of Mudarabah. JKAU: Islamic Econ 21: 37-59.
Alawamleh M, Ismail L (2017) The impact of online banking of customer satisfaction in Jodradn. Journal of organizational studies and innovation V: 4.
Singh S, Jaiswal A (2015) Survey on Techniques Developed using Digital Signature: Public key Cryptography, International Journal of Computer Applications 117: 16.
Mali A, Mahalle C, Kulkarni M, Nangude T, Navale G (2016) Authenticated Document Transfer based on Digital Signature and a Survey of its existing technique, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 3: 775-781.
Bacha OI (1997) Adopting Mudarabah Financing To Contemporary Realities: A Proposed Financing Structure. Accounting Commerce and Finance: The Islamic Perspective 1: 26-54.
Shaikh SA (2011) A Critical Analysis of Mudarabah & A New Approach to Equity Financing in Islamic Finance. Journal of Islamic Banking & Finance, V: 28.
Taqi UM (2004) An Introduction to Islamic Finance. Karachi: Maktaba ma"ariful Quran.
Bank Negara Malaysia (2012) Shariah Standard on MUDARABAH. The Principles and Practices of Shariah in Islamic Finance, Islamic Banking and Takaful Department, pp: 1-19.
Bellalah M, Masood O (2013) Islamic Banking and Finance. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Lasheen MM (2001) Altandeed Alhokmi, Islamic Fiqh Council: annual, court. x 12, p. 14 (1422, 2001), pp: 141-202.
Abdulali KA (1997) Mudarabah and extent of its applicability in Islamic banks. The presenter of the Journal of Contemporary Juristic Research, V: 9.
Moneim MA (1996) Mudaraba and its practical applications in Islamic banks, studies in the Economics of Islam, World Institute of Islamic Thought, first edition.
Hazlina T, Rahmani N, Masinaei R (2011) Impacts of Service Quality on Client Satisfaction: Study of Online Banking and ATM Services in Malaysia. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance 2: 10-23.
Lincoln (2004) Electronic Signature Laws and the Need for Uniformity in the Global Market. J. Small & Emerging Bus. L. 67.
Meiappane A, Prasanna Venkatesan V, Jegatheeswari V, Kalpana B, Sarumathy U (2012) Pattern Based Adaptive Architecture For Internet Banking. 3: 287-293.
Husni E, Leksono B, Ridho Rosa M (2015) Digital Signature for Contract signing in Service Commerce. 2015 International Conference on Technology, Informatics, Management, Engineering & Environment (TIME-E) Samosir Island, North Sumatra, Indonesia, September 7-9, 2015.


New Community in Queensbury!! 1/2 acre home sites with public water. Signature high-end amenities: 9 first floor ceilings, granite, SS Appliances, hardwoods, Ceramic Tile, Gas fireplace, Stone Accents. Private yet convenient setting. Minutes to Northway and West Mountain.


August 03, 2017 7 Tips on How to Accelerate Muscle Recovery!
• 21% of all traumatic brain injuries among children in the U.S. are sports related.
• Knee pain for young athletes should be taken seriously, and not just as growing pains. Overuse injuries are a large percentage for young athletes who play multiple sports. Overuse injuries can lead to more serious injuries such as ACL tears, with girls 8 times more likely to suffer an ACL injury than boys.
• The most common injury seen in an emergency department for a sports-related injury is Sprains & Strains. In 2012, there were approximately 451,480 reported, and it is estimated to be higher with the increase in of participation in sports among youth.
Click the image below to read Incrediwear's latest study on injuries & recovery among North American Soccer teams!


Morgan came into our home and transformed our kid's rooms into the most incredible, magical spaces. Words cannot describe how in love we are with her work. The entire process was so easy. After a brief consultation, she was able to bring our visions to life. A true professional, Morgan was respectful of our space, welcomed our family to partake in conversation during her painting and most of all made it fun! If only we could have Morgan paint every room in our house!
If you are thinking of adding a special artistic touch to your home- please don't hesitate to contact Morgan.
View detailed photos of the vintage fairy mural and other kids murals Morgan painted.


Indicators are used for 5 purposes: description, monitoring, setting goals, accountability, and evaluation. These purposes provide important tools for individuals in government. This remains especially true for programs that involve the well-being of children.


Assembly Business Objectives and Objectives. A current client wanted higher penetration into key markets, however the sales force lacked the skills. They invested in a new sales evaluation system together with direct training in knowledge analysis, presentation and negotiation skills. Their clear measure of success was in hitting monetary and business objectives.
The good news about social networking is that you could always tweak it. In the event you really feel that your demographic is altering or you want to focus on one other audience you may change your Facebook enterprise page so that it's going to be just right for you. Whilst you can promote by way of this social networking site for a fee, you'll find that merely having a properly executed enterprise page will convey in more business than ever before. The reason being that all of the sudden the services and products that you just supply, as well as your company info, is extra simply accessible than ever before.
Do you want to start a vending enterprise? Then you need to know in regards to the information that make your enterprise profitable. A lot of them in vending enterprise fail to make profit as they ignore important issues within the enterprise. So let us see what should be thought of before beginning the business.
Vacation events supply hosts to invite their business community team. Show respect to the host of celebration and never take alongside all the network group or greater than two folks. Don't take the host?s generosity without any consideration. Take solely few individuals to accompany the vacation get together.
Other than having advertising materials specifically focused for you repeat clients, you have to all the time have some added perks to thank them for their continued patronage. This can be completed in little ways like add-ons for every purchase or special discounts and reserved seats on particular events.
That seems to be an effortless plan of action, most small businesses don't answer their telephone! After a rough patch of steady failures during his preliminary days, he discovered all the appropriate bins to tick and succeeded. So, in case your telephone quantity screams and dominates your Yellow Page ad space, downsize it and redirect the emphasis of your advert to the four gadgets above.
29 year old Drama Teacher (Individual Tuition ) Luigi Stanforth from Lacombe, usually spends time with hobbies for instance weather forecasting, . and rc model cars. that consisted of planing a trip to and Environs.


New subscribers get 3 months of Xbox Game Pass membership for just $1.
For just $1, new subscribers get one month of Xbox Live Gold and 1,000 coins of Apex Legends virtual currency.
Refresh your game collection. Hurry, Spring Sale ends April 22.
Metro Exodus is an epic, story-driven first person shooter from 4A Games that blends deadly combat and stealth with exploration and survival horror in one of the most immersive game worlds ever created. Explore the Russian wilderness across vast, non-linear levels and follow a thrilling story line that spans an entire year through spring, summer and autumn to the depths of nuclear winter.
Call of Duty returns to its roots with Call of Duty: WWII—a breathtaking experience that redefines World War II for a new gaming generation. Gold Edition includes The Resistance: DLC Pack 1.
Clash on the battlefields of tomorrow, bend time, defy physics, unleash powers to fight your enemies. The edition includes the game, ten Bonus Loot Boxes, a pet, the Tracer Hero, and origin skins for five Overwatch heroes.
FIFA 19 delivers world class soccer experiences both on and off the pitch. Build your dream squad with live UEFA Champions League and Europa League content updates. Customize your offensive or defensive play with enhanced tools. No matter where or how you play, this is football at its finest.
Go from the ponds to the pros in NHL 19. Compete against 200 of the greatest hockey legends ever to hit the ice, including Wayne Gretzky. New gameplay technology delivers explosive-edge skating with more acceleration, speed, and responsiveness.
Relive the story of the undead as you encounter some of the most thrilling maps in Zombies history. This edition includes 8 remastered classic Zombies maps from Call of Duty: World at War, Call of Duty: Black Ops, and Call of Duty: Black Ops II.
Your favorite marsupial, Crash Bandicoot, is back. He's enhanced, entranced and ready-to-dance with the N. Sane Trilogy game collection. Spin, jump, wump and repeat as you take on the epic challenges and adventures through the three games that started it all, Crash Bandicoot, Crash Bandicoot 2: Cortex Strikes Back and Crash Bandicoot 3: Warped.
Experience the thrilling adventures of the Parr family as they conquer crime and family life through The Incredibles and The Incredibles 2, in a LEGO world full of fun and humor. LEGO: The Incredibles allows players to explore action-packed story levels and an epic hub world, as they use their unique "Super" abilities to bring the city's Super Villains to justice.
F1 2018, the official videogame of the 2018 FIA FORMULA ONE WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP, immerses you into the world of Formula 1 more than ever before. It will feature all of the official teams, the drivers, and circuits of the 2018 season.
Includes the full game, one Elite player from your favorite team, and five Gold Team fantasy packs.
Embark on an all-new DC/LEGO adventure by becoming the best villain the universe has seen. Set in an open world experience within the DC universe, the Justice League has disappeared, leaving Earth's protection to their counterparts, who have proclaimed themselves as the "Justice Syndicate". It's up to you and a crazy group of misfits to uncover the intentions of Earth's new, wannabe superheroes. Deluxe Edition includes Season Pass.
Travel the globe and track your targets across exotic sandbox locations in HITMAN 2. From sun-drenched streets to dark and dangerous rainforests, nowhere is safe from the world's most creative assassin, Agent 47. Your mission is to eliminate the elusive Shadow Client and unravel his militia, but when 47 learns his target's true identity and the truth about his past, it changes everything.
Write your own epic odyssey and become a legendary Spartan hero in Assassin's Creed Odyssey, an inspiring adventure where you must forge your destiny and define your own path in a world on the brink of tearing itself apart. Influence how history unfolds as you charge into epic clashes between Sparta and Athens in the Peloponnesian War pitting 150 vs. 150 soldiers against each other.
Explore over-the-top action and physics-bending motorcycle racing in the latest edition of the Trials franchise. From backyard competitions to the biggest stadiums in the world, ride against other players as fully visualized ghosts or in real-time local and online multiplayer.
Gold Edition includes an expansion pass and sticker art book.
Fight as your favorite iconic Star Wars character or forge a new path as an elite special forces soldier in a gripping new Star Wars story.
Travel across the solar system and back, as you wage war against the maniacal Red Legion, discover the secrets of our forgotten past, and aid allies in need of a hero.
Lead humanity on a desperate search for a new home in this latest chapter of the Mass Effect saga.
Venture back to Middle-earth in this grim sequel to Shadow of Mordor.
Return to the Frontier as a Pilot or 20-foot tall Titan in this explosive and action-packed sequel to award-winning Titanfall.
From intense conflicts on the ground to epic battles in outer space, Infinite Warfare marks a return to Call of Duty's massive-scale war.
Only you know where Steve is headed on his next adventure. This 6-inch-tall figure comes with a helmet and removable diamond sword, and has a ball-jointed head and posable arms.
If you like your Creepers cuddly, then this plush version is for you. But you may want to keep your distance or face the explosive consequences.
Roll these bones right into your Minecraft collection with this plush Skeleton. If you're foolish enough to wander into the shadows, you'll find him waiting for you with his bow drawn.