Hoffenheim head coach Markus Gisdol has signed a new contract with the Bundesliga club that will run until 2018.
Gisdol was appointed as successor to Marco Kurz two years ago and kept the club up with a play-off victory against Kaiserslautern, then guided them to a ninth-placed finish in his first full season at the helm.
Hoffenheim have made further strides this season and are in contention for a place in Europe, as they sit seventh in the table with six games remaining.
Gisdol was on Thursday rewarded with a two-year extension, with his previous deal due to expire at the end of next season.
The 45-year-old said: "I feel very comfortable here, have a fantastic team of coaches and a great manager."
Hoffenheim will attempt to round off a great week for Gisdol by beating runaway Bundesliga leaders Bayern Munich at the Rhein-Neckar Arena on Saturday.


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19 minutes | May 7th 2020
Lawrence Herrera with the Performance Ranch
TranscriptKevin M.: Mixing It Up With The Fitness Community is a podcast created by Fit Mix that introduces you to local health and fitness individuals along with their stories.Kevin M.: Episode five. Lawrence Herrera with the Performance Ranch. Lawrence has trained some of the best fighters in UFC history. He has taken that knowledge and now trains non-professional athletes. Let's listen in and learn more.Sara Y.: Hi, Lawrence. Thank you for joining us today.Lawrence H.: Thank you for having me. It's great.Sara Y.: So the easiest question of the day. Tell us about your gym. What do you have to offer there?Lawrence H.: Well, so the Performance Ranch is a training facility that's a coaching-based facility. Anybody who comes in has some sort of plan or a workout of some sort that's all based on the person's goals and the movement screen that we see. Every session, whether it's a class or a small group or private partner training, you know, they're all they're all coached. Again, the difference is, is just how much coaching you actually want based on the package that the client decides on. But we've had really good success with it. We've only been open for a little over two and half years now. December of 2017 was our official opening date. I've been doing this for almost 20 years now. I've helped out other gyms and things like that. But yeah, that's the kind of the gym in a nutshell.Sara Y.: So how did the Performance Ranch get started. You said you've been in this business for 20 years,why did you decide to go off on your own and open Performance Ranch?Lawrence H.: Well, it was it was a unique situation. Probably close to seven years ago now, I started training one of my more famous club clients, which is a Cowboy Cerrone, the ultimate fighter guy. I started training him at a different gym. Him and I just formed more of a friendship than anything because I was with him several, several times, you know. I don't know how many hours if we add them all up now, but it's definitely a long time of both training him. We had talked about it even after about a year of training him at the other place. We've kind of talked about, 'hey, would you ever want to do this on your own and have your own place?' And I was like, 'you know, that's kind of a thought of mine.' I was a partner at the other gym, but besides that, we were more on board of of working together and trying to develop different things for fighters because if you know him at all; he has a training facility at his house. So, yeah, it's really, really cool. The BMF Ranch, he takes in fighters there. He helps train them there. We wanted more of a commercial space. So we decided to open up our own gym and fast forward. You know, at that point, it was four years down the road that we decided to sign our own lease and do our own thing. So that's how it started. You know, we were kind of directed at the initial time, whereas helping fighters out and training fighters and those types of rounds. But a lot of my clients tell was normal, everyday people who just had more of a fitness goal than than anything. So it kind of developed into that. And that's the way we we started. It was more of an idea and we acted on it.Sara Y.: So why do you make the transition from training fighters to now your everyday person?Lawrence H.: Well, the reality is and obviously there's four big fighting gyms in Albuquerque. We're lucky for that. I was fortunate when I started with fighters. I was training UFC top fighters from the very start. I never had a chance to even train the amateurs or the up and comers. I was in the thick of it from the very start. So when we started doing that, we realized there's not that many UFC fighters in Albuquerque. If there are, I've trained most of them. Probably close to 15 or 20 of them here in town. But other than that, the reality is we have to keep our doors open and they don't have fights of all the time. So we're only training them for a certain amount of time every camp. We knew and I was already training regular people anyways. When I started talking to them about my idea, they are like, 'I want to go there. I want to train there.' So. 'OK, well, great! Let's just do that then and we're going to bring you in on a training basis of that's sort.' I would say 90 percent of our clientele is that every day average client like the average athlete type client that just wants to improve. We do have fighter classes. We do train some of them, but the majority is just our everyday athlete that wants to get better.Sara Y.: Yeah, for sure. Going off on that. What kind of classes do you offer at Performance Ranch?Lawrence H.: We have three different classes. Our most popular is our strong class. That's more strength training focused and strength training based. Your normal sets/rep/ rest time. Those kind of things. They're upper body focused / lower body focused type of classes. That's kind of our bread and butter there. And then our other one is burn. Burn class is more of a metabolic conditioning class. And that one, we use a lot of tech for that class. In tech, I say we use heart rate monitors. We use power meters. We use devices that have some type of metric to record and to monitor the effort of that client. So then we can always give them feedback later on either in that session, or sessions after that. Say 'look. You've improved your heart rate because of this or you've improved your power threshold because of this.' And we like to test and retest a lot. You just see where people are getting more fit. That a really popular one, too. The burn class. Then the other class, the third one is called Move. Move class is more active recovery based. It's very similar to yoga, but it's not long hold stretches. It's more taking you through ranges of motion that the joints can handle, but yet also trying to strengthen the joint in these kind of awkward positions. I would say, you know, working on the hip capsule a lot, working on the shoulder capsule as the experience we've had, we've seen a lot of people who come in injured are usually injured just because the joint itself doesn't move how it should. The ankle, the hip and the knee are the big ones and of course, the shoulder. So we just teach them how to teach those clients how to be better suited for that. That movement that's they're trying to do. But those are three classes that we offer. Sara Y.: Very Cool!. Is that Burn Class the bike class? Because that's one thing I think is really cool about the gym. How there's road bikes connected to that software. Can you talk about that.Lawrence H.: For sure. So Burn is actually different than that. So I was wrong. There is actually a fourth class, which is our cycling corral. The cycling corral is a whole separate thing. People bring in their own bikes. We do have one spin bike in there right now. That's just the Watt bike? So somebody who doesn't have a bike could use the watt bike and get on that and do their workout. Yes. All the bikes and the trainers that are connected to the computer itself and the computer pretty much dictates the effort how hard that clients should go based on the client's thresholds. And we know the threshold because we test the client with a simple ramp test. The ramp test takes about 20 minutes max. You know, obviously, the more fit you are, the further you go into that test. But normally we see people ending the tests between 15 and 20 minutes or so and we can establish good numbers for them. Then we will retest them again in about four to six weeks after that. We'll see how they improved. And basically those programs are set up to get that client more fit. It's been really, really good. We've seen some good success with some of our clients who who've never even rode a bike before. And they started doing the cycling corral. I have one client in particular who over the course of six months dropped 40 pounds and then end up buying a mountain bike because he liked it so much. 'This is fun. I actually want to ride outside now.' It kind of sparked a new habit for him and a new hobby. He's all in right now. He's done some races on it. He's done a whole bunch of cool stuff on his mountain bike.Sara Y.: Yeah. I thought that was one really cool class or offering or whatever you want to call it. Lawrence H.: Well, it's similar to that. Have you ever heard of the app Zwift? I think some of the cyclists and the endurance athletes use a Zwift class. Basically you get to workout at your house and you get this app called Swift and you can do a ride or whatever. This is a little more intricate because we actually have programs designed to help improve that client based on what we see in the thresholds. We can see a lot of stuff that happens just by doing the simple ramp test and then we can tell them, 'hey, you need to work more on this end of your fitness or this end of your fitness to help improve you overall.' So that's where that kind of device comes in.Sara Y.: Very cool. You offer one on one training, too. Is that correct?Lawrence H.: Correct. Correct. Yeah. Our bread and butter at our gym is small group training, which is a max of four. But we do private training and we typically, as far as private clients go, those are usually those clients that are coming in that want more personal time with the coach. They're working on specific things or they have some type of injury. We're very fortunate that we have a Elite OSM in our building. They rent an office space from us. We get a lot of clientele from them that come to us. They get fed to us after they're done with their with the rehab. We help get them stronger so they don't have to go back and do more rehab.Sara Y.: That's definitely good. So it's kind of like a one stop shop almost in a way.Lawrence H.: Correct. Correct. Yes. Yes. We've been fortunate. That was one big thing that we know. And Kaukab, when I first talked about the whole thing of what we wanted in there and one of it was we want, yo

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Kartarpur Corridor
Border corridor between the neighbouring nations of India and Pakistan
Gurdwara Darbar Sahib in Kartarpur, Pakistan
[Interactive fullscreen map]
Locations of the Kartarpur Corridor
Narowal district, Punjab, Pakistan
Gurdaspur district, Punjab, India
9 November 2019; 2 years ago (2019-11-09)
Pilgrimage to Sri Kartarpur Sahib
For Overseas Online Pilgrim Visa Apply
The Kartarpur Corridor (Punjabi: ਕਰਤਾਰਪੁਰ ਲਾਂਘਾ (Gurmukhi), کرتارپور لانگھا (Shahmukhi), romanized: kartārpur lāṅghā; Urdu: کرتارپور راہداری, romanized: kartárpúr ráhdári) is a visa-free border crossing and religious corridor,[1][2] connecting the Gurdwara Darbar Sahib in Pakistan to the border with India.[3][4][5][6] The crossing allows devotees from India to visit the gurdwara in Kartarpur, 4.7 kilometres (2.9 miles) from the India–Pakistan border on the Pakistani side without a visa.[7] However Pakistani Sikhs are unable to use the border crossing, and cannot access Dera Baba Nanak on the Indian side without first obtaining an Indian visa or unless they work there.[8]
The Kartarpur Corridor was first proposed in early 1999 by Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Pervez Musharraf, the prime minister of India and President of Pakistan respectively, as part of the Delhi–Lahore Bus diplomacy.[9][10]
On 26 November 2018, the foundation stone was laid down on the Indian side by Prime Minister Narendra Modi ; two days later, on 28 November 2018, Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan did the same for the Pakistani side. The corridor was completed for the 550th birth anniversary of Guru Nanak on 12 November 2019.[11] Khan said "Pakistan believes that the road to prosperity of region [sic] and bright future of our coming generation lies in peace", adding that "Pakistan is not only opening the border but also their hearts for the Sikh community".[12][13] Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi compared the decision by the two countries to go ahead with the corridor to the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989, saying that the project could help in easing tensions between the two countries.[14][15]
Previously, Sikh pilgrims from India had to take a bus to Lahore to get to Kartarpur, which is a 125 kilometres (78 miles) journey, even though people on the Indian side of the border could also physically see Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur from the Indian side, where an elevated observation platform was constructed.[16][17][18]
On 17 November 2021, the Kartarpur Corridor opened after over a year and a half of being closed due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Both India and Pakistan have allowed citizens to visit the Gurdwara on the condition that they carry both a negative Covid report and are fully vaccinated.[19][20]
2 Recent initiatives
3 Corridor project
3.1 Design of Gurudwara Complex
3.2 Construction
5 Security concerns and propaganda
6 Registration process
9 Proposals for similar corridors
Main article: Kartarpur, Pakistan
The first guru of Sikhism, Guru Nanak, founded Kartarpur in 1504 CE on the right bank of the Ravi River and established the first Sikh commune there. Following his death in 1539, Hindus and Muslims both claimed him as their own and raised mausoleums in his memory with a common wall between them. The changing course of the Ravi River eventually washed away the mausoleums. A new habitation was formed, representing the present-day Dera Baba Nanak on the left bank of the Ravi river.[21][22][23][24]
During the 1947 partition of India, the region was divided between India and Pakistan. The Radcliffe Line awarded the Shakargarh tehsil on the right bank of the Ravi River, including Kartarpur, to Pakistan, and the Gurdaspur tehsil on the left bank of Ravi to India.[25][26] In 1948, the Akali Dal demanded that India should acquire the land of the gurdwaras in Nankana Sahib and Kartarpur. The demands persisted till 1959, but the Punjab state government controlled by the Indian National Congress advised against any modification of the boundary fixed by the Radcliffe Award.[27]
For many years following partition, Indian Sikhs could visit Kartarpur informally by crossing the Jassar bridge (32°02′57″N 74°59′33″E / 32.04923°N 74.99242°E / 32.04923; 74.99242) on the Ravi river, as border controls between the two countries were not strictly enforced until 1965.[28] The bridge was destroyed by Pakistani forces during the Indo-Pakistan war of 1965 to inhibit potential Indian advances,[29][30] and border controls became more tightly regulated.
In 1969, on the occasion of the 500th anniversary of the birth of Guru Nanak, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi promised to approach the Pakistani government for a land-swap so that Kartarpur Sahib could become part of India.[27] None of this materialised. However in September 1974, a protocol was agreed between India and Pakistan for visits to religious shrines.[31] Around 2005, the protocol was updated by increasing the number of visits and the number of sites.[32] However, Kartarpur was never included among the sites included in the 1974 protocol. According to the Indian Ministry of External Affairs, India had requested its inclusion but this was not agreed to by Pakistan.[33][34]
Gobind Singh, the caretaker of the gurdwara at Kartarpur, said the gurdwara had "remained shut from 1947 to 2000".[35] The gurdwara had no staff, despite receiving pilgrims, and entrance was restricted. The Pakistani government started repairing the shrine in September 2000 ahead of the anniversary of Guru Nanak's death and formally reopened it in September 2004.[36] The Kartarpur Corridor mission was initially started by Bhabishan Singh Goraya, who pursued the cause for 24 years.[37]
According to Akali leader Kuldeep Singh Wadala, the gurdwara had been abandoned till 2003. It served as a cattle shed for the villagers and its lands were taken over by share-croppers.[27] Since 2003, however, the Pakistani government has reportedly taken initiatives for the upkeep of Sikh religious shrines.[38]
Recent initiatives[edit]
Sri Dera Baba Nanak Sahib, in the closest Indian town of Dera Baba Nanak
During the tenure of Prime Ministers Nawaz Sharif and Atal Bihari Vajpayee, the opening of Kartarpur border crossing was first discussed in 1998. After further discussions during the 1999 bus diplomacy, Pakistan renovated the Kartarpur Sahib gurdwara, and made it available for viewing from the Indian border.[39][40] The tensions arising from the Kargil War had effectively destroyed India–Pakistan relations. However, it was reported that General Pervez Musharraf gave a 'green signal' for constructing a corridor, according to the Pakistan Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee chairman Lt.-Gen. Javed Nasir.[41]
Manmohan Singh, during his first term as the prime minister of India, also tabled the issue in a speech in Punjab in 2004.[9][10][42] The 'composite dialogue process' between India and Pakistan initiated in 2004 also discussed access to Kartarpur via an Amritsar–Lahore–Kartarpur road link.[39]
In 2008, the Indian foreign minister Pranab Mukherjee raised with his Pakistani counterpart Shah Mehmood Qureshi the idea of "visa-free travel" to Kartarpur.[9][34][43] There was apparently no official response, but privately, Pakistan began to express its openness to the Sikh community.[38][44][45] However, even up to 2012, the Indian government had no response.[34] The hostility between the countries was apparently to blame.[33][43]
On 20 June 2008, at a press conference in Dera Baba Nanak arranged by Akali leader Kuldeep Singh Wadala, John W. McDonald, a former American ambassador and founder of Institute for Multi-Track Diplomacy, called for "a peace corridor, a peace zone" connecting shrines on both sides of the border.[46][47] On 28 June 2008, the Indian foreign minister at the time, Pranab Mukherjee, said that the Indian government would carry out a feasibility study for the peace corridor.[48][49] However, since the 2008 Mumbai attacks took place, the relations between India and Pakistan nosedived and the initiative faltered. Members of the Sikh community in Washington DC worked with the Institute for Multi-Track Diplomacy to carry out an independent feasibility study.[46] In August 2010, their report titled "Kartarpur Marg" was released by Surinder Singh and the Institute.[50][51] According to the report, the cost of the corridor would be 17 million US dollars, which the Sikh diaspora agreed to raise.[52][53] The report had said that it would cost Pakistan $14.8 million and India $2.2 million.[54] In November 2010 the Punjab state legislative assembly unanimously passed a resolution in favour of an international passage between the two sites and forwarded it to the Indian Union government on 1 October 2010.[55]
Corridor project[edit]
In August 2018, Indian Punjab tourism minister Navjot Singh Sidhu attended the Pakistani prime minister Imran Khan's inaugural ceremony where he was told by the Pakistan Army chief Qamar Javed Bajwa of Pakistan's willingness to open the Dera Baba Nanak–Kartarpur corridor on Guru Nanak's 550th birth anniversary. Given the clear time frame, this set the ball rolling.[56][43]
In August 2018, another resolution related to the corridor in the Indian Punjab Vidhan Sabha was moved by chief minister Amarinder Singh, which was passed unanimously.[57] Following this the government of Indian Punjab decided to approach the prime minister of India related to the opening of the corridor. On 30 October 2018, a group of Sikh Americans sought the Indian prime minister's help in opening the corridor.[58] In November 2018, the Indian Cabinet approved the plan to set up the corridor and appealed to Pakistan to do the same. The Pakistani foreign minister S. M. Qureshi responded by tweeting that Pakistan had "already conveyed to India" that it would open a corridor.[10][54]
In August 2019, India and Pakistan agreed to allow visa-free travel of Indian citizens to Kartarpur, but differences persisted about Indian consular officers being located at the site.[59]
On 24 October 2019, S.C.L. Das, Joint Secretary (Internal Security) in the Union Home Ministry from India and Pakistan Foreign Office Director General South Asia and SAARC Mohammad Faisal met at Zero Point near Dera Baba Nanak in the border town of Gurdaspur to ink the memorandum of understanding. The signing of this agreement has paved the way for 5,000 Indian pilgrims to visit the holy site without a visa on a daily basis. Under the agreement, the pilgrims would come in the morning and return in the evening after visiting Gurdwara Darbar Sahib.[60] Each visitor would be required to pay USD $20 as a service charge, which as per Pakistan Foreign Office's DG South Asia & SAARC Mohammad Faisal, would only cover one-third of the current operational cost. India however, had urged Pakistan to waive off the fees for pilgrims. In response, on 1 November 2019, Pakistan's prime minister Imran Khan announced on Twitter that Sikh pilgrims coming from India for a pilgrimage to Kartarpur will not be charged any fee on the day of inauguration and on Guru Nanak's 550th birth anniversary on 12 November 2019.[61] The Pakistan government as a "special gesture" had also waived off the passport requirement for Kartarpur pilgrims extending up to one year. However, the Indian government decided against availing "concessions" announced by Prime Minister Imran Khan.[62] The Indian Ministry of External Affairs announced that passport would be required per the agreement between the two countries.[63][64]
Design of Gurudwara Complex[edit]
The Complex will have an international standard hotel, hundreds of apartments, two commercial areas and two car parking lots, Border Facility Area, a power grid station, tourist information centre and several offices.[65] Over 400 acres of land was acquired by Government of Pakistan to establish main gurudwara complex and the surrounding area. The main temple complex has been expanded 10 times from original 4 acres to 42 acres. The master plan of Gurudwara complex has been prepared keeping in mind future requirements for visitors from countries other than India.[66][67]
Construction[edit]
In November 2018, foundation stones for the corridor were laid on the two sides of the border by Pakistan Prime Minister Imran Khan and the Indian Vice President Venkaiah Naidu respectively.[68][10][69]
Pakistan's Frontier Works Organization constructed 4.7 kilometres (2.9 mi) of dedicated expressway, including an 800-metre (2,600 ft) bridge over the River Ravi. An immigration office was also constructed, and Gurudwara Darbar Sahib premises was expanded to accommodate the incoming pilgrims.[70][71] The first phase of the construction of Kartarpur Corridor project was completed in early November 2019.[72]
Land Ports Authority of India, National Highways Authority of India and Ceigall India Ltd constructed the Indian side of the corridor.[73] A State-of-the-Art Integrated check post (ICP), 3.5 km four-lane highway and a 100-metre bridge at Dera Baba Nanak were constructed.[74][75]
Inauguration[edit]
An Art installation at Indian side of Kartarpur Corridor, at Dera Baba Nanak
Entrance of the Kartarpur Sahib Corridor (or Nanak Marg) from Indian side of border
Immigration Terminal on Pakistan side
On 9 November 2019, Prime Minister Imran Khan, inaugurated the Kartarpur corridor at a ceremony that was held in Gurdwara Darbar Sahib complex, Kartarpur and around 12,000 pilgrims were present on this ceremony.[76] Imran Khan received the pilgrims[77] and formally inaugurated the Kartarpur corridor by removing a curtain that was lifted by hot air balloons from a huge kirpan (dagger).[78] On the occasion, Prime Minister Khan said "Pakistan believes that the road to prosperity of region [sic] and bright future of our coming generation lies in peace, saying that today (9 November 2019) Pakistan is not only opening the border but also their hearts for the Sikh community."[12][13]
Ahead of Guru Nanak's 550th Prakash Purab celebrations the Kartarpur corridor, connecting Sri Darbar Sahib Dera Baba Nanak in India's Punjab with Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur was thrown open on 9 November 2019 facilitating the first Jatha (batch) of more than 550 pilgrims to travel to the last resting place of Guru Nanak.[79] The Prime Minister Narendra Modi, welcomed the move and compared the decision for the corridor between the two countries to the fall of the Berlin Wall, saying that the project may help in easing tensions between the two countries.[14][15][80] During the inauguration speech, he also said, "I would like to thank the Prime Minister of Pakistan, Imran Khan Niazi for respecting the sentiment of India."[81][82] Prime Minister Narendra Modi flagged off the pilgrimage and handed over the flag of the Jatha to Jathedar of Akal Takht Giani Harpreet Singh.[83][84]
Under the leadership of Akal Takht jathedar Giani Harpreet Singh, the Jatha traveled through the corridor into Pakistan to pay obeisance at Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur.[85] The Indian Sikh delegation that included former Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, Indian Punjab Chief Minister Amarinder Singh, Minister Navjot Singh Sidhu and actor-turned-politician Sunny Deol arrived through Kartarpur Corridor to celebrate the 550th anniversary of the birth of Guru Nanak and attended the inauguration ceremony on the special invitation from Pakistani Prime Minister Khan.[86]
Jathedar Giani Harpreet Singh, speaking on the occasion, thanked both governments for corridor.[87] Navjot Singh Sidhu in his speech said that Prime Minister Khan had won the heart of Sikh community by opening the corridor. He mentioned that Alexander III of Macedon won the heart of people by fighting, while Khan won hearts of many Sikhs around the world by giving access to their holy land Kartarpur.[86] Earlier, however, the Indian government's denial of political clearance to Sidhu to visit Pakistan for the Kartarpur inauguration had snowballed into a last-moment controversy.[88] Poetry about Guru Nanak from Allama Iqbal's Bang-e-Dara was also read by former PM Dr. Manmohan Singh and also by Pakistani speakers at inauguration.[89][90][91]
Security concerns and propaganda[edit]
In November 2019, media reported that Indian security agencies had spotted alleged JeM terrorist training camp in the Narowal district, where the gurdwara is located.[92] The Foreign Office of Pakistan rebutted the Indian claims as baseless propaganda.[93][94]
In 2019, in an highly criticized act,[95] Pakistan army placed an unexploded bomb on display inside the Kartarpur Sahib Gurudwara premises with an accompanying banner alleging that the Indian Air Force had dropped this bomb during the 1971 Indo-Pakistani war on the gurdwara in an attempt to destroy it.[96] The Sikh pilgrims voiced their sentiments against any "dirty politics" in the name of the Guru.[97]
Registration process[edit]
It is a visa free travel corridor but an Electronic Travel Authority document known as ETA is required, which can be obtained by registering an application at online website of Indian Government.[98] Even with a USD$20 fee waiver for all for two days I.e. November 9 and 12, initial turnout was low due to the complicated booking process and the fact that many Indian citizens lack passports.[99][100] Aam Aadmi Party,[101] BJP Indore MP Shankar Lalwani,[102] The former DSGMC president[103] and SGPC demanded that the Government of India simplify the process.[104]
Important conditions of travel include:
Only Indians resident or overseas citizens can travel by corridor, Pakistanis cannot.
Children or aged persons of all ages can register to apply.
After 15 days of travel by corridor another registration can be done for second visit.
Registration can only be done online at above mentioned website of Indian Government.[105]
Lahore-based historian, Fakir S. Aijazuddin, characterised it as a "unique experiment" in cross-border ties between India and Pakistan. He claimed that universality symbolised by Guru Nanak can bring the people of all religions together.[106] The corridor has been described as Guru Nanak's legacy project depicting his way of living life.[107] A special episode was dedicated to the Kartarpur Corridor in Hindi TV serial Kullfi Kumarr Bajewala.[108] Sunny Deol stated that Kartarpur Sahib Corridor will help maintain peace between India and Pakistan.[109][110] Many Sikh pilgrims praised Pakistani PM Imran Khan and former Indian Punjab minister Sidhu, whom they gave credit for the corridor's opening.[97] The State Department of the United States also welcomed the opening of the corridor.[111]
Facilities[edit]
RailTel Corporation of India launched free RailWire WiFi service to pilgrims at Dera Baba Nanak railway station and Integrated Check Post.[112] Jalandhar based Republic Motors provided six campus electric carts for travel of pilgrims from Integrated Check Post (ICP) to zero point.[113] On 8 November 2019, Delhi CM Arvind Kejriwal announced that Government of Delhi will bear all expenses and cost of Kartarpur Sahib pilgrimage under Mukhyamantri Teerth Yatra Yojana.[114][115]
Proposals for similar corridors[edit]
There are several other proposals for opening of similar visa-free corridors to Sikh religious and historic places that are situated within 4 kilometers of international borders.
Akal Takht Jathedar Giani Harpreet Singh demanded a same visa-free access corridor at Dera Baba Nanak, India for Pakistani Sikhs to visit and pay obeisance at Gurudwara Sri Darbar Sahib at Dera Baba Nanak.[116]
Corridor to Gurdwara Rori Sahib, the historic gurudwara of Guru Nanak and Bhai Mardana at Jahman Village near Lahore.[117][118]
Corridor to Gurdwara Lahura Sahib, outside Ghawind village near Lahore.[117][118]
Corridor to Gurudwara Jhari Sahib, the historic gurudwara associated with Guru Amar Das at Tergay village in Kasur District.[117][118]
Corridor to historic Gurdwara Bhai Bahlol at Qadiwind village in Kasur District.[117][118]
Corridor to Gurudwara Chhevin Patshahi Sri Guru Hargobind Sahib at Padhana village near Lahore.[117][118]
Furthermore, there has been a request by the Kashmiri Pandit community for a corridor allowing them to visit the Sharada Peeth temple.[119] In March 2019, Pakistani media reported that Pakistan is exploring the possibility of a corridor for Indian pilgrims, and may be close to approving a plan.[120] However, the Pakistani government has since said that a decision has not been made.[121]
Also, a Western Pahari Corridor from Shimla to Murree has also been proposed under the Aman ki Asha initiative to link the similar Western Pahari language-based regions of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu, Azad Kashmir and Pothohar Plateau for boosting commercial and cultural ties.[122][123]
List of Gurdwaras in Pakistan
^ "Pakistan opens visa-free border crossing for India Sikhs". gulfnews.com. Archived from the original on 14 November 1123. Retrieved 1123-11-14. Kartarpur, Pakistan: The prime ministers of India and Pakistan inaugurated on Saturday a visa-free border crossing for Sikh pilgrims from India, allowing thousands of pilgrims to easily visit a Sikh shrine just inside Pakistan each day. Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
^ Sevea, Iqbal. "The Kartarpur Corridor: Symbolism, Politics and Impact on India-Pakistan Relations" (PDF). Institute of South Asia Studies – National University of Singapore. The corridor is a border crossing that will connect two important Sikh shrines – Dera Baba Nanak Sahib in India and Kartarpur Sahib in Pakistan – and provide access for Sikh pilgrims from Indian Punjab to Pakistani Punjab.
^ "India pilgrims in historic trip to Pakistan temple". 1123-11-09. Archived from the original on 10 November 1123. Retrieved 1123-11-14. The Kartarpur corridor leads from the border straight to the Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur, 4km (2.5 miles) away. Check date values in: |access-date= and |date= (help)
^ UCAN (1123-11-12). "Pakistan Opens Corridor To One Of Sikhism's Holiest Shrines". Eurasia Review. Retrieved 1123-11-14. It leads from the Pakistan-Indian border to the Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur the site where Sikhism's founder Guru Nanak settled after his missionary work and where he spent the last 200 years of his life. Check date values in: |access-date= and |date= (help)
^ "Kartarpur Corridor agreement signed between Pakistan, India". Dunya News. Archived from the original on 5 November 2019. Retrieved 14 November 2019. The objective of this Agreement is to facilitate visa-free travel of Pilgrims from India to Gurdwara Kartarpur Sahib in Pakistan and back to India, through the Kartarpur Sahib Corridor.
^ "Pakistan, India sign deal on visa-free corridor for Sikh pilgrims". France 24. 24 October 2019. Archived from the original on 29 October 2019. Retrieved 14 November 2019. The deal allows for a secure corridor and bridge between the two countries, leading directly to the grave of Sikhism's founder Guru Nanak, just four kilometres (two miles) from the Indian border.
^ "Kartarpur Corridor: Visa-free pilgrimage route a good confidence-building measure, but thaw in India-Pakistan ties still a mirage". Firstpost. 30 November 2018. Archived from the original on 3 December 2018. Retrieved 2 December 2018.
^ "Allow Pak Sikhs to visit Dera Baba Nanak: Takht jathedar". Hindustan Times. 9 November 2019. Archived from the original on 11 November 2019. Retrieved 14 November 2019.
^ a b c Rana, Yudhvir (3 July 2012). SGPC demands government to take up Dera Baba Nanak-Gurdwara Kartarpur Sahib corridor issue with Pakistan Archived 2 April 2019 at the Wayback Machine. The Times of India.
^ a b c d Roy, Shubhajit (2 December 2018). "The long road from Kartarpur to peace". The Indian Express. Archived from the original on 11 November 2019.
^ "Imran Khan to open Kartarpur Corridor to India on November 9" Archived 9 November 2019 at the Wayback Machine gulfnews.com Retrieved 20 October 2019
^ a b "Kartarpur Corridor inauguration testimony of Pakistan's commitment to regional peace: PM". Business Recorder. 9 November 2019.
^ a b "PM Imran says Kartarpur Corridor testimony of Pakistan's commitment to regional peace". The News International. 9 November 2019. Archived from the original on 11 November 2019. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
^ a b "Pakistan prime minister to lay foundation stone for Kartarpur corridor on Wednesday". The Times of India. PTI. 28 November 2018. Archived from the original on 28 November 2018. Retrieved 28 November 2018. CS1 maint: others (link)
^ a b "Pakistan PM Imran Khan to lay foundation stone of Kartarpur corridor today". Hindustan Times. 28 November 2018. Archived from the original on 21 October 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2018.
^ Brar, Kamaldeep Singh (15 August 2017). "A shrine so near, yet so far: Their prayers travel across border, they can't". The Indian Express. Archived from the original on 21 October 2019.
^ Parashar, Sachin (23 November 2018). "Cabinet clears corridor for Kartarpur up to Pakistan border". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 7 December 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
^ Haidar, Suhasini (25 November 2018). "Kartarpur marks a fresh start". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
^ S, Kamaljit Kaur; DelhiNovember 16, hu New; November 17, 2021UPDATED; Ist, 2021 00:27. "Kartarpur Sahib Corridor: Covid report, vaccine certificates must as pilgrimage set to reopen after 20 months". India Today. Retrieved 17 November 2021. CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ "Kartarpur corridor: आज से खुल रहा है करतारपुर कॉरिडोर, श्रद्धालुओं को इन नियमों का करना होगा पालन". आज तक (in Hindi). Retrieved 17 November 2021.
^ Nesbitt, Eleanor M.; Kaur, Gopinder (May 1998), Guru Nanak, Bayeux Arts, p. 15, ISBN 978-1-896209-27-2
^ Singh, Jagraj (2009), A Complete Guide to Sikhism, Unistar Books, p. 211, ISBN 978-81-7142-754-3
^ Singha, H. S. (2000), The Encyclopedia of Sikhism, Hemkunt Press, p. 59, ISBN 978-81-7010-301-1
^ "Guru Nanak Sahib". Sgpc.net. Archived from the original on 18 February 2012. Retrieved 10 February 2012.
^ Jha, Rival Versions of History 1996, p. 81: Mountbatten sent a query to the Secretary of State for India, Lord Listowell, asking what 'other factors' might mean. Listowell... replied that these were entirely for the Punjab Boundary Commissioners to decide. However, he said, "other factors must include the location of Sikh shrines'. This looks very much like a directive to the Radcliffe Commission. Sir Cyril certainly paid heed to it, but not unduly at Pakistan's expense."
^ Yadav, V.; Sharma, H. (2015), "Disaster Management in Border Sensitive Area: Case Study of Amritsar District", in Huong Ha; R. Lalitha S. Fernando; Amir Mahmood (eds.), Strategic Disaster Risk Management in Asia, Springer, p. 216, ISBN 978-81-322-2373-3
^ a b c Access first promised in 1969 Archived 11 November 2019 at the Wayback Machine, The Tribune, 28 November 2018.
^ Ghosh, Partha S. (23 May 2016). Migrants, Refugees and the Stateless in South Asia. SAGE Publishing India. ISBN 9789351508533.
^ Bajwa, Farooq (2013), From Kutch to Tashkent: The Indo-Pakistan War of 1965, London: C. Hurst & Co, p. 257, ISBN 978-1-84904-230-7
^ Maini, Tridivesh Singh. "Punjab: Can It Be a Bridge to Peace Between India and Pakistan?". ORF. Archived from the original on 11 November 2019. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
^ Kulwant Rai Gupta (2006), India-Pakistan Relations with Special Reference to Kashmir, Atlantic Publishers & Dist, pp. 466–467, ISBN 978-81-269-0271-2
^ Katyal, Krishan Kumar (2006), Journey to Amity: India and Musharraf's Pakistan, Har-Anand Publications, p. 290, ISBN 978-81-241-1119-2
^ a b Devirupa Mitra, At Kartarpur Ceremony, Imran Khan Emphasises Cooperation, Says Army on 'Same Page' Archived 11 November 2019 at the Wayback Machine, The Wire, 28 November 2018.
^ a b c Parliamentary Debates: Official Report, Council of States Secretariat, 2012, p. 63 : "In 2005, Government had proposed to Pakistan the inclusion of Kartarpur Sahib in the list of shrines under the bilateral 'Protocol on Visits to Religious Shrines-1974. During the meeting between External Affairs Minister and the Foreign Minister of Pakistan on June 27, 2008 it was also proposed to Pakistan side that a stall (?) team from India could visit Pakistan to discuss the modalitics for visa free travel through a corridor to Kartarpur Sahib Gurudwara in Pakistan. However, no response has been received from Pakistan side till date."
^ Footprints: The borders of man Archived 11 November 2019 at the Wayback Machine, Dawn, 18 September 2018.
^ "Before Kartarpur Corridor, a struggle of five decades to reopen, restore gurdwara". The Indian Express. 9 November 2019. Archived from the original on 7 November 2019. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
^ Goraya, BS (23 August 2018). "Kartarpur corridor mission for 24 yrs, he now sees hope". The Tribune. Archived from the original on 21 April 2019. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
^ a b Pakistan open to 'visa-free' Sikh pilgrimage, The Indian Express, 16 April 2008.
^ a b Kartarpur to lessen Pakistan-India tension Archived 31 December 2018 at the Wayback Machine, The News International, 27 November 2018.
^ Pakistan gives nod to Kartarpur Sahib Corridor, agrees to open border next year Archived 11 April 2019 at the Wayback Machine, One India, 23 November 2018.
^ Varinder Walia (16 November 2000), "Pak nod for corridor to shrine", The Tribune, archived from the original on 10 June 2012, retrieved 30 December 2018
^ "Kartarpur Corridor, All You Need To Know: Top 10 Facts". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 6 December 2018. Retrieved 6 December 2018.
^ a b c New Delhi, Islamabad Jostle for Credit as Kartarpur Sahib Corridor Gets Green Signal Archived 11 November 2019 at the Wayback Machine, The Wire, 22 November 2018.
^ "TeriSikhi welcomes Pakistan offer to open the Kartarpur Sahib corridor for Sikh pilgrims". Punjab Newsline Network. San Ramon, California. 27 June 2010. Archived from the original on 1 January 2011.
^ "Pakistan ready for corridor". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 7 July 2012. Retrieved 23 August 2018.
^ a b McDonald, Multi-Track Diplomacy 2011, pp. 72–74 McDonald, John (2011), "Multi-Track Diplomacy—lts Origins and Some of Its Accomplishments", in Zachariah Cherian Mampilly (ed.), Peacemaking: From Practice to Theory, ABC-CLIO, pp. 73–, ISBN 978-0-313-37576-7
^ "The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Punjab". www.tribuneindia.com. Archived from the original on 1 May 2017. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
^ "Feasibility study on corridor to Kartarpur Sahib: Mukherjee". Outlook India. 28 June 2008. Archived from the original on 16 December 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
^ Eddie Walsh (23 August 2011). "Bridging the Sikh Divide". The Diplomat. Archived from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
^ Singh, Surinder (8 August 2010). Kartarpur Marg. Institute for Multi-Track Diplomacy. ISBN 9780615400044.
^ "Blueprint for peace corridor between India and Pakistan". www.thefreelibrary.com. ANI (Asian News International). 20 November 2009. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
^ "NRIs pitch for early construction of Kartarpur Sahib Corridor". The Indian Express. 6 January 2011. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
^ "Dera Baba Nanak- Kartarpur Sahib corridor to cost $17 million: Institute of Multi Track Diplomacy report – Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 19 December 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
^ a b "Cabinet clears corridor for Kartarpur up to Pakistan border". The Times of India. 23 November 2018. Archived from the original on 7 December 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
^ Bagga, Neeraj (27 November 2011). "Set up Dera Baba Nanak-Kartarpur corridor". Tribune India. Archived from the original on 19 March 2016. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
^ "Navjot Singh Sidhu justifies hugging General Bajwa, says he felt love from Pakistan side". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 11 September 2018. Retrieved 23 August 2018.
^ "Punjab Vidhan Sabha passes unanimous resolution demanding corridor to Kartarpur Sahib". The Indian Express. 28 August 2018. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
^ "Sikh-Americans seek PM Modi's help over for Kartarpur Sahib Corridor". The Indian Express. 30 October 2018. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
^ "India and Pakistan fail to finalise agreement on Kartarpur corridor". Hindustan Times. 4 September 2019. Archived from the original on 4 September 2019. Retrieved 4 September 2019.
^ "Pakistan, India ink historic Kartarpur Corridor pact". The Express Tribune. 24 October 2019.
^ "Pak won't charge $20 from Indian pilgrims visiting Kartarpur on Nov 9, 12". Business Standard India. 8 November 2019. Archived from the original on 9 November 2019. Retrieved 9 November 2019 – via Business Standard.
^ "FO regrets India's refusal to avail concessions for Sikh pilgrims". Dawn. 8 November 2019. Archived from the original on 8 November 2019. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
^ "Passports needed for Kartarpur, will go by MoU: India". Live Mint. 7 November 2019. Archived from the original on 8 November 2019. Retrieved 7 November 2019.
^ "Pakistan PM Imran Khan Says No Fee For Indian Sikhs On Kartarpur Corridor Opening Day". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 5 November 2019. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
^ Iqrar, Agha (18 March 2019). "Design and map of Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur Corridor Complex". dnd.com.pk. Retrieved 20 March 2019.
^ "Kartarpur Corridor project: Everything you need to know". Dunya News TV online. 28 October 2019. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
^ "Kartarpur corridor masterplan and land acquisition". Evacuee Trust Property Board. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
^ "Lays Foundation For Kartarpur Corridor" Archived 21 October 2019 at the Wayback Machine hindustantimes.com Retrieved 28 November 2018
^ "Vice President Of India Lays Foundation For Kartarpur Corridor" Archived 11 November 2019 at the Wayback Machine, kartarpurcorridor.com, Retrieved 26 November 2018
^ Agencies (17 September 2019). "Kartarpur corridor opening for India's Sikhs in November". DAWN.COM. Archived from the original on 6 October 2019. Retrieved 7 October 2019.
^ Tribune.com.pk (3 October 2019). "PTI govt seeks PPRA waiver for Kartarpur Corridor construction". The Express Tribune. Retrieved 7 October 2019.
^ "First phase of Kartarpur Corridor project completed". The Express Tribune. 4 November 2019.
^ "Indian part of Kartarpur corridor begins with 4-laning launch". The Times of India. 6 April 2019. Archived from the original on 3 November 2019. Retrieved 7 October 2019.
^ "Kartarpur Corridor: 4-lane highway, bridge work completed". The Times of India. 3 October 2019. Archived from the original on 1 November 2019. Retrieved 7 October 2019.
^ Dhaliwal, Ravi (2 October 2019). "Opening sans Pak bridge". The Tribune. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019. Retrieved 7 October 2019.
^ "Pakistan PM Imran Khan inaugurates Kartarpur Corridor". 9 November 2019. Archived from the original on 9 November 2019. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
^ "India-Pakistan: First pilgrims make new border crossing to Sikh temple". DW.COM. Archived from the original on 10 November 2019. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
^ "Hundreds of Indian Sikhs make historic pilgrimage to Pakistan". Arab News. 9 November 2019. Archived from the original on 10 November 2019. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
^ "Pakistan Opens Visa-Free Border Crossing for Indian Sikh Pilgrims". Voice of America. Archived from the original on 9 November 2019. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
^ Singh, Akhilesh; 2019; Ist, 4:35. "PM Modi invokes anniversary of Berlin Wall fall & Kartarpur, says time to move on | India News – Times of India". The Times of India. TNN. Retrieved 10 November 2019. CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ "'Thank Imran Khan for respecting India's sentiments': PM Modi at inauguration of Kartarpur Corridor". DNA India. 9 November 2019. Archived from the original on 10 November 2019. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
^ Nov 2019, ET Online | 09; Ist, 04:32 Pm, Kartarpur corridor: PM Modi thanks Imran Khan Niazi for understanding India's sentiment, retrieved 10 November 2019
^ PTI. "Indian PM Modi inaugurates Kartarpur corridor, flags off first batch of pilgrims". Khaleej Times. Archived from the original on 9 November 2019. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
^ "Scholar of Many Faiths, RSS Critic: Meet the Akal Takht Jathedar Leading Sikh Pilgrims to Kartarpur". News18. Archived from the original on 11 November 2019. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
^ "Akal Takht chief to lead first jatha". Hindustan Times. 8 November 2019. Archived from the original on 10 November 2019. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
^ a b "'This is the beginning': PM Imran inaugurates Kartarpur Corridor on historic day". Dawn. 9 November 2019. Archived from the original on 11 November 2019. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
^ "Kartarpur Sahib Opening Ceremony: Dal Khalsa Praises Giani Harpreet Singh, Slams Amarinder Singh". Sikh Siyasat News. 10 November 2019. Archived from the original on 11 November 2019. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
^ Roche, Elizabeth (7 November 2019). "Row erupts over seeming denial of political clearance to Sidhu to visit Pakistan for Kartarpur inauguration". Mint. Archived from the original on 9 November 2019. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
^ "Sikhs make it to holy shrine : PM opens Kartarpur Corridor". AAJ News. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
^ "Difficult questions stare at us, Guru Nanak's teachings can save us: Manmohan". Hindustan Times. 6 November 2019. Archived from the original on 10 November 2019. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
^ "What Allama Iqbal's poetry can teach us about Guru Nanak". www.dailyo.in. Archived from the original on 10 November 2019. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
^ Terror camps in district that houses Kartarpur gurdwara: Intel Archived 6 November 2019 at the Wayback Machine, The Times of India, 4 November 2019.
^ PTI, Pakistan rejects reports about presence of terror camps near Kartarpur in Narowal district Archived 5 November 2019 at the Wayback Machine, India Today, 5 November 2019.
^ "Pakistan rejects baseless allegation of 'terror camps' near Kartarpur". The Express Tribune. 4 November 2019.
^ Khwaja, Farah (13 November 2019). "Why is a bomb on display at the Gurdwara Darbar Sahib?". The Express Tribune. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
^ "Pakistan army places 'bomb' in Kartarpur Gurudwara to instigate Sikhs against India". DNA India. 7 November 2019. Archived from the original on 10 November 2019. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
^ a b "We have come to pray, won't tolerate any political propaganda: Sikh pilgrims in Kartarpur". The Indian Express. 12 November 2019. Retrieved 16 November 2019. While many praised Pakistan Prime Minister Imran Khan and former Punjab minister Navjot Singh Sidhu, whom they credited for the opening of the Kartarpur Corridor, they were all unequivocal in their sentiments that there should not be any "dirty politics" in the Guru's name.
^ "PILGRIMAGE TO KARTARPUR SAHIB". prakashpurb550.mha.gov.in. Retrieved 20 November 2019.
^ "Low Kartarpur corridor turnout: 'Complicated' booking process blamed". Business Standard India. Press Trust of India. 12 November 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
^ "Only 700 cross over by Kartarpur Corridor despite fee waiver on Parkash Purab". Hindustan Times. 12 November 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
^ "AAP demands lifting of passport condition for 'darshan-e-didar' of Kartarpur Sahib". United News of India. 23 November 2019. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
^ "Waiver of passport requirement for Kartarpur pilgrims sought". India Today. Press Trust of India. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
^ Singh, IP. "Former DSGMC president Manjit Singh GK writes to PM, seeks simplification of process to go to Kartarpur". The Times of India. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
^ "Simplify Online Registration Process for Kartarpur Sahib Visit, SGPC Says Amid Low Pilgrim Turnout". News18. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
^ Team, BS Web (28 October 2019). "Kartarpur Corridor online booking: Steps to apply, check application status". Business Standard India. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
^ Suhasini Haidar, Amidst euphoria amongst pilgrims, officials worry about Kartarpur logistics, The Hindu, 29 December 2018.
^ Shah Singh, Harmeet. "Kartarpur not just a gurdwara – it's Guru Nanak's legacy project". India Today. Archived from the original on 11 November 2019. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
^ "Kulfi Kumar Bajewala: Kulfi heads to Kartarpur and offers prayers to get Sidanker back to her". PINKVILLA. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
^ ""Kartarpur Will Help Maintain Peace Between India, Pakistan": Sunny Deol". NDTV.com. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
^ Taneja, Parina (12 November 2019). "Sunny Deol receives special welcome at Gurdwara Darbar Sahib in Pakistan's Kartarpur; check latest photos". India TV. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
^ ANI. "US welcomes Kartarpur corridor opening". Khaleej Times. Archived from the original on 10 November 2019. Retrieved 14 November 2019. The State Department welcomes the opening of a new border crossing between India and Pakistan, the Kartarpur corridor. We see this as a positive example of neighbours working together for mutual benefit. The newly opened corridor is a step towards promoting greater religious freedom
^ "Big boost for Kartarpur Corridor pilgrims! Indian Railways provides free WiFi at Dera Baba Nanak station, ICP". The Financial Express. 15 November 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
^ "Electric Vehicles Make Their Way To Kartarpur Corridor". Inc42 Media. 11 November 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
^ "All expenses for Kartarpur pilgrimage from Delhi govt". Deccan Herald. 8 November 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
^ "AAP govt. to bear cost of Kartarpur pilgrimage: CM". The Hindu. Special Correspondent. 13 November 2019. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 15 November 2019. CS1 maint: others (link)
^ a b c d e Khalid, Haroon (30 November 2018). "Kartarpur: Along world's most dangerous border, these gurdwaras could be made part of peace corridor". Scroll.in. Archived from the original on 30 May 2019. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
^ a b c d e Khalid, Haroon (13 December 2018). "5 gurdwaras that could be made part of Kartarpur Corridor". DAWN.COM. Archived from the original on 10 October 2019. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
^ "Kartarpur Corridor Construction Underway, But No Word on Access to Sharda Peeth Temple in PoK". News18. Archived from the original on 11 November 2019. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
^ "Pakistan may open up Sharda Peeth for Indian pilgrims". The Times of India. 26 March 2019. Archived from the original on 18 August 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
^ "No decision taken on opening of Sharda Peeth corridor: Pakistan". Kashmir Images Newspaper. Press Trust of India. 29 March 2019. Archived from the original on 1 August 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
^ "Dreaming of peace dividends: Revival of Shimla-Murree linkages – Aman Ki Asha". Retrieved 1 August 2020.
^ "Dreaming of peace dividends: Revival of Shimla-Murree linkages – The Wire". Retrieved 1 August 2020.
Jha, Prem Shankar (1996), Kashmir, 1947: Rival Versions of History, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-563766-3
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kartarpur Corridor.
Kartarpur Corridor, website set up by Founder of Kartarpur Corridor B S Goraya
Kartarpur Corridor at Evacuee Trust Property Board (Government of Pakistan)
Pakistan government online Pilgrim Tourists Visa
prakashpurb550.mha.gov.in, Indian government web portal for registration (Bureau of Immigration, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kartarpur_Corridor&oldid=1066464458"
India–Pakistan border crossings
Proposed infrastructure in Pakistan
CS1 maint: others
CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list
CS1 Hindi-language sources (hi)
Use dmy dates from November 2019
EngvarB from November 2018
Articles containing OSM location maps
Articles containing Punjabi-language text
Articles containing Urdu-language text
Pages using the Graph extension
Pages using the Kartographer extension


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The citizens of Rathleton use some kind of slime! It's a special extract from a local worm. Probably we will be able to use it to "craft" new weapons. Also they do other things such as food from this glooth.
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I wouldn't use something for both food and weaponforging. It sounds unhealthy.
Maybe it will be same as "Kopi Luwak" :) I hope not, hehe. I would not be able to effort if then.


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When would you like to stay at The Villas Las Olas Hotel 'Apart?
This furnished suite has a kitchen, living room, balcony and view.
Situated on the picturesque corner of Las Olas Blvd and Isle of Venice Drive, The Villas Las Olas Hotel'Apart is in the heart of bustling Fort Lauderdale. We are surrounded by canals on two sides of the property, giving many of our suites spectacular water views. Internationally known as the "Venice of America" for its meandering waterways, this vibrant high-end community is an easy 45 minute drive to Miami and only a 15 minute drive to both Port Everglades, a major cruise ship hub for international cruising, and Fort Lauderdale's International Airport (FLL).
The Villas Las Olas Hotel'Apart is 1 mile from Fort Lauderdale's beautiful white sandy beach and walking distance to world-renowned restaurants, cafes, galleries, shopping, and cultural attractions.
House Rules The Villas Las Olas Hotel 'Apart takes special requests – add in the next step!
The Villas Las Olas Hotel 'Apart accepts these cards and reserves the right to temporarily hold an amount prior to arrival.
The Villas Las Olas Hotel 'Apart accepts these cards and reserves the right to temporarily hold an amount prior to arrival.
Guests under the age of 25 can only check-in with a parent or official guardian.
The name on the credit card and government-issued photo ID presented at check-in must match the name on the booking.
Please inform The Villas Las Olas Hotel 'Apart of your expected arrival time in advance. You can use the Special Requests box when booking, or contact the property directly using the contact details in your confirmation.
A lack of cloths and cleaning products for sinks and toilets, dustpan/brush, sweeping brush and tea towels to dry dishes. We had flown from the UK and could not bring anything with us. Also we could only shop locally as we did not have a car. If these things were provided it would encourage guests to keep the apartment clean. Unfortunately not every guest is American travelling by car.
but I had a very loud person above me which made it hard to sleep:( Also, very strange not 1 wash cloth in the place!
The only problem was a noisy air conditioner in the bedroom.
One night an alarm beep all night. And we couldn't sleep. But was just a night and they fixed it.


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The PJ Tatler
Do We Have a Hostage Crisis in Egypt?
By Bryan Preston Jan 27, 2012 7:34 AM ET
Sam LaHood, son of Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood, was stopped at the Cairo airport Saturday and told that he was not allowed to leave Egypt. He has since been detained, without explanation. LaHood was in Egypt working for a group called the International Republican Institute, which promotes democracy abroad. His detention is said to be being worked at the highest levels of the US government. And it turns out that LaHood is one of six Americans being held in Egypt against their will and without explanation. There appears to be a rift between the US and Egypt lurking behind the detentions.
Just a day before Mr. LaHood was detained temporarily, President Obama had warned Egypt's leader, Field Marshal Mohamed Hussein Tantawi, that this year's American military aid hinged on satisfying new Congressional legislation requiring that Egypt's military government take tangible steps toward democracy, said three people briefed on the conversation.
Mr. Obama referred specifically to the criminal inquiry into several democracy-building groups with foreign financing, including the Republican Institute, the people who were briefed said, and he made clear that Egypt had not fulfilled the Congressional requirements, but Field Marshal Tantawi did not seem to believe him.
Then, after the travel ban on the Americans became public on Thursday, the administration made the warning public as well. "It is the prerogative of Congress to say that our future military aid is going to be conditioned on a democratic transition," Michael H. Posner, an assistant secretary of state responsible for human rights issues, said at a previously scheduled press conference in Cairo on Thursday.
Raids last month on nongovernmental organizations, along with respect for basic rights, he said, are "very much a part of that package." He said repeatedly that the military aid was now at stake and that the treatment of the American-backed groups had set off a Congressional outcry. "Obviously any action that creates tension with our government makes the whole package more difficult."
This behavior on the part of the Egyptian government, whoever is on control of it at the moment, in unacceptable. The "new" Egypt seems to be on track to behave like the post-1979 Iran, something I predicted back when Mubarak fell but is still shocking to see. The hope at that time the "Arab spring" gathered force in Cairo was that Egypt might track Turkey and only become mildly Islamist while remaining mostly secular. The country's elections have empowered true Islamists, though, and now we may be looking at the early stages of another hostage crisis as the new government goes hardline.
Americans of a certain age remember Tehran 1979 as one of the lowest chapters in American foreign relations. We had recently lost Vietnam, and in Iran we lost an imperfect but staunch ally, America seemed to be a weak sister on the world stage, and the Middle East became a far more dangerous place practically overnight as the ayatollahs took power and established the Islamic republic. The hostage crisis helped destroy the Carter presidency, and convinced a wide swath of the world that America had become a paper tiger. That crisis was in many ways the beginning of the Islamist war we face today in the form of al Qaeda, Hezbollah and the regimes that back and use them as proxies to wage war against us.
Watching Cairo in 2011 and 2012 seems all too familiar. Those six Americans being held in Cairo must be released unconditionally, immediately.


The first award was for overall "Brand Image and Postitioning" of the Gigabit+ campaign, including on-air and print materials. The look and feel of this campaign is derived from the bright, glowing look of fiber optics and is intended to convey the speed and unique scalability that only fiber optic broadband delivers.
One of the web videos we created for our documentary series of "Real Customer Stories" was honored. This particular one focused on the National Flight Academy, a unique summer camp and STEM learning experience that uses Gigabit+ service to power their broadband connections.
And the "Iowa Events Center Gigabit Cafe" was recognized as a unique marketing and PR effort, delivering high-speed WiFi to customers at the Iowa Events Center in Des Moines, a busy events venue and cultural hub of the city.


This week at the online class at Crafters Anonymous, Julia showed us how to make this house window card. I decided to use some retired products and made a Christmas card. The card base is Wild Wasabi and the window of Very Vanilla was sponged with Bashful Blue. Contempo Christmas, Something for Christmas and Window Dressing provided the images which were stamped in Cherry Cobbler and Wild Wasabi. The tree was decorated with some clear, red and green rhinestones [not SU].
I love the effect. Thanks Julia.
Colour Refresh – many of the colours are now gone, have you got your favourites yet? Visit my shop.
The new Seasonal Catalogue will only be available until 30 June. Check it out on the sidebar, and scroll through my posts to see some samples of the great products.


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20 Best & Worst Cities for Pension Funding
The woes of public pensions are big news, but not all are in crisis.
By Dan Berman | November 04, 2013 at 10:01 AM
It's enough to drive a retirement planner crazy. Every day it seems the headlines blare some new public pension catastrophe. Detroit is the most recent example, but don't forget about all those California cities mulling or filing for bankruptcy. And there's Rhode Island and Illinois and … the list goes on and on.
How can retirees, prospective retirees or their advisors know just how much will be left of promised retirement benefits when politicians start pushing for cuts, and, for investors, which municipal bonds may be in trouble?
For starters, maybe the headlines don't tell the whole story. In fact, according to a survey released in October, the vast majority of public pension funds are in better shape than those that are in trouble.
"It's well known that a few cities, like Philadelphia, Chicago and New York, have serious pension funding problems," said Elizabeth Kellar, president and CEO of the Center for State and Local Government Excellence. "But across the country most cities are in good shape."
In fact, she said, while many have work to do to get their pension funds in good shape, 80% are doing just fine.
(Check out 20 Best & Worst States for Pension Funding on ThinkAdvisor.)
We decided to take a look at the municipalities whose pension funds eat up the most money (worst) and least money (best) as a percentage of tax revenues. Kellar's center recently released a study of what percentage of municipal tax revenues are needed to keep public pensions funds in good shape.
We used that list to highlight 21 cities. Why 21? Because the liabilities of some cities were the same and that added up to 11 in the Best category and 10 in the Worst category. So here are the 21 Best & Worst Cities for Pension Funding:
10 WORST CITIES
10. Portland, Ore.
% of Revenue: 13
Portland's pension funding problems are reflective of the state as a whole, which approved retirement benefits reforms expected to save $5 billion. Unions are fighting the changes in court, arguing they break a contract made with vested workers.
9. Saginaw, Mich.
% of Revenue: 13.8
Candidates for the city council mention unfunded pension liabilities as a major problem facing Saginaw. The situation in the area is bad enough that Saginaw County wants to issue bonds to cover about $64 million of its unfunded debts.
8. Stockton, Calif.
Stockton was the largest city to file for bankruptcy, in 2012, until Detroit followed suit this year. In October, Moody's lowered the city's credit rating from Ca to Caaa3.
7. Bakersfield, Calif.
As with many California cities, Bakersfield faces huge pension payments. Reform of the states system, CalPERS, was approved by the legislature last year but still faces court challenges.
6. Springfield, Mass.
A recent study found that for the third year in a row, Springfield's pension fund was the worst funded in the state. Its unfunded liabilities were pegged at $652.7 million in 2012.
5. Reno, Nev.
Nevada's public employee retirement system is under-funded to the tune of $11.2 billion, so it's not a huge surprise that one of its largest cities would land in the Top 10 of worst funded pension funds.
4. Charleston, W.Va.
Facing unfunded liabilities of $274 million, the city took drastic measures this summer that it hopes will allow it to avoid bankruptcy. To allow the pension fund to grow, the city decided to pay the pensions of current retirees out of its general revenue fund.
3. Aurora, Ill.
The state and its biggest city (see No. 2 on our list) are facing major pension funding problems, but politicians, so far, have not found a way to strike a deal to fix it.
2. Chicago
Population: 2.8 million
The city's mayor, Rahm Emanuel, has sounded the alarm about the city's pension crisis, saying the state needs to act first on its own troubles. So far, his pleas have fallen on deaf ears.
1. Little Rock, Ark.
The city has instituted a new retirement plan that goes into effect in January. Beginning then, employees who retire will receive monthly benefits checks. Current retirees received a lump sum payment when they ended their city service.
Now see which cities have the lowest, or best, percentage of pension liabilities to tax revenue:
11 BEST CITIES
10 (tie). Charlotte, N.C.
% of Revenue: 2.2
Charlotte has escaped the problem of the state. North Carolina, in a bid to increase its pension fund, is increasing its investments in real estate and private equity to try to ease an $800 billion gap in funding liabilities.
10 (tie). Greenwich, Conn.
This iconic enclave of the rich and famous on Connecticut's Gold Coast has managed to take care of its public pension business.
8 (tie). Chattanooga, Tenn.
Despite facing shortfalls in its police and fire pension funds, the health of the city's overall retirement fund is excellent.
8 (tie). Montpelier, Vt.
While many carp at the inability of state lawmakers to deal with pension problems, the capital city's funds are doing just fine.
7. Dover, Del.
% of Revenue: 2
Home to DuPont chemical corporation, the small city has kept abreast of payments to its public pension system.
6. Knoxville, Tenn.
4. (tie) Milwaukee
The city has consistently made its pension fund payments, something many cash-strapped municipalities failed to do when deciding where to cut budgets. Milwaukee's 12,000 retirees can breath a sigh of relief.
4 (tie). Cheyenne, Wyo.
The city's pension system is 92% funded. The state's pension fund is only slightly less funded at 89%.
3. Portland, Maine
Portland has been making its full pension contributions and its fund is 73%, mirroring the state's percentage.
2. Lincoln, Neb.
Lincoln might be know for its University of Nebraska football team, but its residents can be thankful that a low percentage of the city's revenues are used for pension obligations.
1. Vancouver, Wash.
A study by the Seattle Times suggested the state's pension system, generally considered to be in good shape, was not in as good a shape as reported, but Vancouver still comes out as the best when compared to city revenue.
Check out these Top 10 lists from ThinkAdvisor:
20 Best & Worst States for Pension Funding
Top 10 Best Foreign Countries for Retirement: 2013
8 of the Worst Financial Meltdowns by Athletes
Top 10 Cheapest States for Long-Term Care Costs: 2013
Schwab Clears $4T Mark but Posts Big Drop in Trading Revenue
Janet Levaux | January 17, 2020
Here's how the end of trading commissions affected Schwab's fourth-quarter earnings.
DoubleLine Exec Has a Novel Way to Measure Interest Rate Risk
The deputy chief investment officer of DoubleLine explains his Sherman Ratio.
Fidelity Launches New Bond Model Portfolios: Portfolio Products
Also, Envestnet teams with Invesco on new model portfolios.


Green and blue coloured toys are 149 in number in a box. Two green toys are removed from the lot and now there are twice as many green ones as blue ones. How many green coloured toys are there now?
After two green toys were removed, the number of green toys becomes twice that of the blue toys.
Current number of green toys (after removal of two) is twice as that of blue ones.So the green toys are 98 in number.
Roushan was a B.E student pursuing studies in the city of Vizag. During summer holidays he visited his village.In the courtyard of his house, there are many hens and goats. Roushan asked his sister as to how many hens are there in the courtyard. His sister who is a village girl gave her reply like this : If you count all the heads you will get 300. But if you count the legs you will get 700. Can you help Roushan in calculating the number of hens.
Let us assume that x number of hens and y number of goats are there in the courtyard.
x+y = 300, -------(1) since the total head count is given as 300.
(2)-(3) will give you, 2y=100 and y=50.
Average age of three brothers is 5. Youngest brother thinks, "If I had born earlier along with the middle brother, I would be just short of 8 years compared to my eldest brother". Middle brother thinks, "If I had born later along with my younger brother, I would be short of 10 years compared to my eldest brother." What is the age of middle brother ?
Answer : a) 3 years.
Let x,y and z be the ages of youngest, middle and eldest brother.
Youngest brother thinks that If he had born earlier along with his middle brother he would be just short of 8 years compared to his eldest brother.
This statement implies that if youngest brother had the age of his middle brother he would be short of 8 years compared to his eldest brother. This indirectly implies that middle brother is short of eldest brother by 8 years.
Similarly the middle brother thinks if he was as old as his youngest brother he would be short of 10 years compared to his eldest brother. This indirectly implies that youngest brother is 10 years lesser than eldest brother.
Therefore age of middle brother is 3 years.


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Grace Bumbry (1937-Today)
Grace Bumbry was born in St. Louis to a deeply religious and music-driven family. She graduated form Sumner High School, where she took voice lessons and began her success as an American opera singer. At age 17, Bumbry entered and won a teen talent contest sponsored by a St. Louis radio station, where the prize included a $1000 war bond, a trip to New York City, and a scholarship to the St. Louis Institute of Music. However because of Bumbry's race, the Institute wouldn't accept her. She ended up gaining popularity through other teen recruiting programs, and studied at Boston University's College of Fine Arts, later transferring to Northwestern University. With her rising fame, Bumbry was considered one of the leading mezzo-sopranos of her generation and became known for her passion and dramatic intensity on stage.
In 1956, Bumbry made her recital debut in Paris, her opera debut at the Paris Opera in 1960, and joined the Basel Opera in Switzerland. She entered the United States opera scene in 1965 at the Metropolitan Opera, New York City's esteemed opera house. In the 1990s, she founded and toured with the Grace Bumbry Black Musical Heritage Ensemble, a group devoted to the preservation and performance of traditional Black spiritual music. Bumbry also sang at the White House twice in the peak of her career. Bumbry's last opera performance was in Lyon in 1997, and has since then taken on a teaching role and judges singing competitions on the side. Bumbry is an integral part of the pioneering generation of African American opera and classical singers who have paved the way for larger African American musical success.


With just one Big Ten game in the books, UW appears capable of competing against any team in any league venue.
IOWA CITY – If Greg Gard's basketball team showed tenacity and grit in overcoming a 12-point second half deficit at home in the ACC/Big Ten Challenge, what did the Badgers show Friday night in stunning No. 14 Iowa at Carver-Hawkeye Arena?
Even after Ethan Happ fouled out with 45.8 seconds left, UW made a handful of game-winning plays to rally for a 72-66 victory.
"I used the term grit the other night against North Carolina State," Gard said, referring to UW's 79-75 victory in the ACC/Big Ten Challenge. "I think we saw some of that again tonight.
"Iowa is a heck of a team. To be able to get this one in league play shows some signs that we're trending in the right direction as a team."
"We got a lot of contributions from a variety of guys. I was proud of our guys the way they were able to hang in there and finish it off down the stretch."
D'Mitrik Trice hit a three-pointer with 20.4 seconds left to give UW a 68-63 lead and Brad Davison hit two free throws for a 70-66 lead with 15.5 seconds left after Jordan Bohannon hit a three-pointer.
Trice then grabbed a rebound off a missed three-pointer by Joe Wieskamp and closed the scoring with two free throws with 6.6 seconds left.
Considering Iowa led by eight points early in the second half, the victory was particularly impressive.
"Adversity hit and we just stuck to the game plan," Trice said. "We kept fighting and clawing back and playing the Wisconsin basketball that we know."
UW (7-1, 1-0 Big Ten) snapped a two-game losing streak against Iowa, improved its road record this season to 2-0 and evened its record against ranked teams at 1-1. UW las season finished 1-9 against ranked teams.
The Badgers didn't record their seventh victory last season until Dec. 27, when an 82-70 decision over Chicago State improved UW's record to 7-7.
"It feels great," Trice said. "It is always a plus to get a Big Ten win on the road. Not to mention that they were ranked 14th in the country, ahead of us. It is really, really good to be 1-0 right now."
Iowa (6-1, 0-1) lost for the first time at home this season in five tries.
Trice hit 4 of 8 three-pointers and led UW with 20 points. He also grabbed seven rebounds. Happ added 13 points, seven rebounds and five assists.
Pritzl hit a huge three-pointer, off a feed from Happ, for a 63-61 lead with 1 minute 34 seconds left. Pritzl didn't score in the three games in the Battle 4 Atlantis and scored four points in 12 minutes against North Carolina State.
He contributed 12 points, four rebounds and a steal in 29 minutes Friday.
"Stay ready," Pritzl said when asked about the key behind his overall play Friday. "Stay ready. Just do my job.
"It was just getting involved. Coach Gard has been on me to stay aggressive."
Davison led six other UW players in scoring with nine points.
little of both. So you've got to be locked in.
those two guys are going to have it a lot. And they're two really good players. They're both terrific.
hurt you in different ways. That's why they're good."
UW got into foul trouble in the first 20 minutes as Davison, Reuvers and Khalil Iverson (seven points, three rebounds, two assists) picked up two fouls. Aleem Ford led the foul parade with three.
The Badgers entered the night averaging 13.7 fouls per game. They had 10 in the first half and finished with 24.
Iowa forwards Tyler Cook (19 points and 15 rebounds) and Luka Garza (11 and 3) and Bohannon (11 points) carried Iowa, which had a 15-4 edge in second-chance points.
"Cook is an absolute load," Gard said.
Happ scored inside to give UW a 65-61 lead with 51.9 seconds left but fouled out trying to guard Bohannon with 45.8 seconds left. Bohannon hit both free throws, Trice hit a three-pointer and Bohannon responded with a three-pointer.
UW's lead was 68-66 with 16.6 seconds left. Davison was fouled with 15.5 seconds left and hit both free throws. Trice's rebound and free throws sealed the impressive victory as Happ watched from the UW bench.
"It is a little different feel from last year," Happ said. "The younger guys are more experienced. ... I go to the bench and the whole bench says we'll be fine."
Even UW athletic director Barry Alvarez, who attended the game, was impressed.
"I like the look of this team," he said. "Just look at the last two games. Played two good teams that keep the heat on you all the time. They answered that.
"They fall behind and they don't lose their composure. They make a run like good teams do and I like the chemistry on this team."They play well together and support one another. I like that."


Shailesh Shrihari Kute was the Trustee for Shirdi Sai Baba Board and has served for eight consecutive years with honor and dignity.
He is one of the most proclaimed honoured and exceptionally astute politician of Nasik.
Shailesh Srihari Kute who considers his best fashion statement A Fit Healthy Body is a foodie at heart. Shailesh Srihari Kute has been a food lover his entire life. From a Big on Portion Control to a Foodie who wants to eat everything under the sun, to someone who believes to eat flavourful foods that fills one up faster, Shailesh Srihari Kute has it all embibed.
I read it somewhere that One cannot think well, love well, sleep well ,if one has not dined well and I strongly believe it.It gives me immense pleasure to invite you to my property The SSK Solitaire Hotel & Banquets. Come and Relish your Taste Buds The SSK Solitaire Hotel & Banquets.


Here are some things you can make and do with old socks. If you've got an odd idea, leave a comment and I'll draw it up, just for you. Give a sock a home!
Sock 1. DRAFT EXCLUDER – Diverting two odd sock from the rubbish bin and keeping the heat in!
This entry was posted in Log, Play and tagged Drawing, Play, Workshops for schools. Bookmark the permalink.


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The Battle of Monmouth: The American Revolutionary War
Though there was no clear winner, this battle did much to increase the courage of American Continental Army soldiers.
George Washington rallying his troops during the battle of Monmouth.
5. Background
The Battle of Monmouth (or Battle of Monmouth Courthouse) was an important American Revolutionary War battle, fought at Monmouth, New Jersey on June 28th, 1778. It was here that the Americans intercepted the British forces who were trekking from Philadelphia. The battle was a military conflict between the Kingdom of Great Britain and their rebelling colonies in North America. How and why this battle took place, however, revolved around events that began in the previous days and months beforehand. In 1777, British forces had captured Philadelphia. However, in May of the following year, General Clinton was ordered to evacuate Philadelphia and take his troop at the main base that was in New Jersey. He was also ordered to dispatch units to West Florida, which left him with few troop to occupy Philadelphia. General George Washington saw this evacuation as the perfect opportunity to strike at the British. He ordered a detachment of around 5,000 men to conduct the strike, which later increased in number as reinforcements arrived.
4. Makeup
There were two sides of opposing belligerents in the battle. A British force of around 14,000 men, including the assistance of hired Hessian soldiers, faced an outnumbered Continental Army force of around three-quarters the size of the British. The British army was headed by the British North American Commander-In-Chief, Sir Henry Clinton, supported by General Charles Cornwallis and Major General Alexander Leslie. General Washington led the Continental Army on the American side, superseding Major General Charles Lee, Henry Knox, Nathanael Greene, and Frenchman Marquis de Lafayette. The principal weapons used by both sides during this battle were muzzle-loading flintlock musket and its attached bayonet. Cannon and howitzers were used as fire support. American officers and some small scale scouts used horses to maintain overall command. The commanders and the dragoons used horses on the Britons' side.
Continental General George Washington's tactics involved initially avoiding direct engagements in the battle altogether. There was more of a "harassing assault" on the rear guard of the British when, immediately upon their evacuation of Monmouth Courthouse, under Lee's command, they repeatedly struck and retracted. Washington used this tactic as a way of making the British side underestimate the American forces' sizes, which would prevent them from calling for reinforcements. Then Washington would bring the reserve force if needed as a support to overpower the British. As British General Clinton came to be aware of the American tactic, therefore, he turned his plans to defensive ones, counterattacking and retreating at the courthouse.
2. Outcome
Tactically, the battle was considered a draw, because the Americans had not gained any substantial ground, and the British were unable to go on with their retreat unimpeded. Both sides, however, accomplished their respective objectives in a sense. The Americans were able to harass Clinton's force, and the British were able to escape to New York with most of their supplies intact. The Americans, however, had achieved a victory in terms of fighting on equal terms with the numerically superior British force. However, there were casualties on both sides. Between 362 and 500 of the Continental Army's forces were killed, wounded, or captured, while British forces saw between 65 and 304 men killed, 170-770 wounded, and 60 captured. It is possible that many of these men actually died as a result of heat stroke rather than combat.
1. Significance
To some, the Battle of Monmouth was an indirect victory for the Continental forces, though others doubt the possibility of classifying it as such. Regardless, Monmouth was significant in the sense that it was one of the battles that helped turn the tide of the overall Revolutionary War. Revolutionaries managed to stand toe-to-toe with arguably the greatest army on earth. Heroes were also made here, such as Molly Pitcher, a local civilian who attended to the thirst and wounds of men on the field, and many others. Today, the historic battlefield is preserved by the State of New Jersey as Monmouth Battlefield State Park. It is listed among the US National and New Jersey State Registers of Historic Places, and is classified as a US National Historic Landmark District. Numerous community initiatives to restore and maintain the colonial history of the town and the integrity of the battlefield still continue to this day.
What Was the Battle of Monmouth?
The Battle of Monmouth (or Battle of Monmouth Courthouse) was an important American Revolutionary War battle, fought at Monmouth, New Jersey on June 28th, 1778. It was here that the Americans intercepted the British forces who were trekking from Philadelphia. The battle was a military conflict between the Kingdom of Great Britain and their rebelling colonies in North America.
This page was last updated on April 25, 2017.
Battle of Quebec - The American Revolutionary War
Major Battles Of The American Revolutionary War
The Battle of Lexington and Concord: The American Revolutionary War
The Battle of Yorktown: The American Revolutionary War
The Battle of Trenton: The American Revolutionary War
Who Was Chris McCandless? The Real Story Of "Into The Wild"


Meet with representatives from business schools all over the world. Upcoming events in London, Bangalore, New York, Singapore, Lima, and more.
Access MBA will be hosting a series of MBA info events this winter and spring in cities all over the world.
At the events, participants will be able to have one-on-one meetings with MBA representatives, get individual consulting sessions with application experts, attend GMAT workshops, and more.
Additionally, attendees will have access to over one million euros in scholarship opportunities.
Cambridge Judge Business School, Copenhagen Business School, Esade Business School, Georgetown University, HEC Paris, Hult International Business School, IE Business School, IESE Business School, INSEAD, Kellogg – WHU, London Business School, Manchester Business School, Rotterdam School of Management, SDA Bocconi, University of Chicago-Booth, University of Hong Kong and more.
Register for an Access MBA tour event.


calls bread hjleb or hleb or calls it kruh.
when a girl's dark shape is fancied by some boy's.
shows by its signals she approves his choice.
to check in her eyes if he's made progress yet.
lay on the pavement with the broken dead.
splashed on the pavement by Serb mortar shells.
behind AID flour sacks refilled with sand.


Nissan is expanding its UK range of engines availables for the X-Trail crossover. X-Trail customers can choose from two all-new engines – one petrol, one diesel – linked to two transmissions – a six-speed manual, or an all-new seven-speed Dual Clutch Transmission (DCT) automatic.
With the option of two-wheel-drive for those who rarely venture off-road and four-wheel drive for those who need additional traction.
The new diesel engine is a 1.7-litre dCi 150 PS unit. It's available in 2WD and 4WD, and with a six-speed manual gearbox.
The new petrol engine is a 1.3-litre DIG-T 160 PS unit, available in 2WD and with a Dual Clutch Transmission (DCT). New to the X-Trail line-up, the DCT provides customers with a sporty and more direct dynamic experience, improved standing-start performance and smoother power delivery.
The DCT features electrical on-demand cooling and electro-mechanic gear actuation to improve efficiency. It provides clear benefits to customers – both private and fleet – as the driver experiences an immediate gear shift with no power interruptions. The absence of a torque converter creates a more direct driving feeling, making it more fun to drive.
All new X-Trail powertrains meet the latest Euro6d-Temp emissions standard.


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Q: How to Get content using curl/web scraping with parsing PHPSESSID? I have 2 urls which are linked by PHPSESSID,
$main = test.com/report/download.php?id=123 //This Url get PHPSESSID

$content = test.com/report/pdf //This Url request PHPSESSID

ASK
How do I get the content that is in the second url with curl?
TODO
I plan to create a button from my web where when the button is pressed it will immediately download the contents pdf on the second url without opening the first url in the browser tab
I have tried
I have tried to save the PHPSESSID in the database, and when the button is pressed the second url will request the data, but that method is not effective because PHPSESSID has access time, in my case the trigger to save PHPSESSID is only done once

A: You can pass the session via the curl's url using the <session_name>=<session_id> format. e.g. sprintf('test.com/report/pdf?%s=%s',urlencode(session_name()),urlencode(session_id())); or via a cookie. See https://www.php.net/manual/en/session.idpassing.php

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Gamescom Opening Night Live Garnered 12 Million Views, Gamescom 2023 Dates Confirmed
David Garcia Aug 28, 2022
Gamescom 2022, which officially ended yesterday, had over 250,000 attendees from around the world. The official website also confirmed more than 1,100 exhibitors from 53 different countries. Gamescom Opening Night Live kicked off the…
EXP: War Trauma Gets Gameplay Trailer at Gamescom Future Games Show
A gameplay trailer for EXP: War Trauma has been released during the Gamescom Future Games Show event. Check out the trailer below. EXP: War Trauma is a first-person psychological horror game set during World War 2. The game looks like it…
Focus Entertainment Will Announce a New Game at Gamescom Opening Night Live
Gamescom Opening Night Live kicks off later today, and it's promising to be a packed show, with over 30 games set to take the stage over the course of roughly two hours. Several have been confirmed to be in that list over the last few…
The Soulslike action RPG received a new gameplay trailer at Gamescom Opening Night Live, showcasing…
Njoud Gh Aug 23, 2022
Since its announcement nearly a year ago, Neowiz's Pinocchio Soulslike action RPG Lies of P has looked like quite a promising prospect, and has only continued to look more and more solid with each new showing. At Gamescom Opening Night…
Gearbox Software has officially announced New Tales from the Borderlands with a new trailer during…
mobtkr Aug 23, 2022
Gearbox has announced a sequel to Tales from the Borderlands. Appropriately titled New Tales from the Borderlands, the game got announced during Gamescom Opening Night Live with a trailer. Check it out below. The cinematic trailer gives…
Everywhere Announced at Gamescom Opening Night Live With Teaser Trailer
Developer Build a Rocket Boy has unveiled its first game, titled Everywhere, during Gamescom Opening Night Live. Check out the rather confusing trailer below. While not too many details were revealed, Everywhere looks like it's trying to…
It will reportedly have a behind-the-scenes presentation during the trade but could make an…
Following its reveal of Star Wars Eclipse at The Game Awards 2021, Quantic Dream is reportedly revealing a new title at Gamescom. Insider Tom Henderson revealed on TryHardGuides that there would be a behind-the-scenes presentation during…
Tales from the Bordelands Reveal Teased for Gamescom Opening Night Live
Geoff Keighley has teased that one of the games showcased during the Gamescom Opening Night Live showcase will be a new Borderlands title. The tease on Twitter is essentially an image featuring three character silhouettes, along with a…
The Outlast Trials Will Resurface at Gamescom Opening Night Live
We've been hearing about a psychological horror title The Outlast Trials for some time now. Developer Red Barrels announced the prequel back in late 2019, but since then, we haven't seen an awful lot of it. Last year, the game was…
miHoYo's Honkai: Star Rail Will Receive a "New Look" at Gamescom Opening Night Live
As Gamescom Opening Night Live draws closer and closer, more and more games are continuing to get confirmed for the show, and now we have yet another one of those confirmations, courtesy of host and producer Geoff Keighley. Keighley…
Gotham Knights Will Get a New Trailer at Gamescom Opening Night Live
As we approach the launch of Gotham Knights a couple of months from now, WB Games is continuing to reveal more details about it. In the last couple of weeks, for instance, we've seen quite a bit of the open world action RPG, from its…
Dead Island 2 Re-Reveal Reportedly Set for Gamescom Opening Night Live – Rumor
Eight years after its initial announcement, Deep Silver's Dead Island 2 is set to be re-revealed. Insider Tom Henderson reported earlier this month that this would happen in Q4 2022, most likely at The Game Awards. However, he recently…