text:
The Gospel has spoken: Religion in Victorian public schools
By Stephen Williams | 4 November 2018, 8:00am | comments |
Victorian Liberal Opposition Leader Matthew Guy (Screenshot via YouTube)
It's back to the future for Victorian conservatives, writes Stephen Williams.
The VICTORIAN LIBERAL-NATIONAL Opposition has declared it will try to bring special religious instruction (SRI) back into normal class times in public schools if it wins the November State Election.
This was a relatively quiet announcement to the faithful rather than to a mass audience. And Opposition Leader Matthew Guy initially wanted to keep it that way.
In 2016, the Victorian Labor Government took SRI out of normal class time and replaced it with a more general curriculum about respecting other cultures and viewpoints.
The latter is taught by regular teachers, whereas SRI is taught by volunteers from faith-based groups, such as chaplaincy organisation, Access Ministries.
Access Ministries and Evonne Pattison so desperate to be proselytizing in state schools they HAVE A PETITION! WOW! http://t.co/Waoi8yPqlU
— Catherine Deveny (@CatherineDeveny) June 2, 2014
SRI was taught to only about 20% of students before the change. Most students were forced to simply "read" during class time as they were not allowed to have normal lessons while the SRI students got their dose of scripture.
That meant that if the faithful wanted a breather from normal studies, everyone else had to "go slow" as well.
This new policy from the Victorian Opposition raises the obvious question of what problem they are trying to fix.
As it is, parents who want their children to learn about a particular faith can either send them to a faith-based school; teach them the faith at home; take them to places of worship for services and prayers; have them attend "Sunday school" (if such a thing still exists); or have them attend the SRI classes out of school hours.
Or a combination of the above.
So where's the problem?
In this morning's Age newspaper, the Humanist Society of Victoria is credited with helping to get Special Religious Instruction out of class time in Victorian schools. https://t.co/3A6Wt1LEnE
— Humanist Society Vic (@vichumanist) October 30, 2018
Of course if you are a conservative politician who likes religion and wants more "old-time religion" in society – and you know the religions I mean: definitely not Paganism, Druidism, Scientology, or the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster – you might well think that SRI should be a part of normal class time, even if you can't be sure what the volunteers are actually teaching.
So what if school hours are eaten into by the minority who want to learn about one of the many faiths that basically say all other faiths are wrong? This latter point is often overlooked.
Either all of the thousands of religions are wrong, or one religion is correct and all other religions are wrong.
Regardless, a lot of time is being spent learning myths and legends dressed up as reasonable beliefs, even within the Christian tradition where the various competing sects don't even agree on which books should be treated as scripture.
No doubt, Victorian conservatives look with envy at their NSW brethren where special religious education (SRE) seems to be firmly entrenched for the time being.
In NSW, not only is SRE taught during normal school hours at public schools (primary and secondary) but it is an opt-out system. Students are enrolled in SRE unless their parents specifically say they don't want it.
You can guess how that might play out: about 70% of primary students get a dose of Bronze or Iron Age nostalgia.
The opt-out mob can often attend a special ethics class instead of SRE (if it is available at the school) as they could not possibly receive the normal teaching syllabus and get ahead of the SRE students.
Parent group that ousted scripture from schools in Victoria to fight for ban on NSW Special Religious Education. https://t.co/Tpbm8x6CsS
— The Sydney Morning Herald (@smh) February 15, 2017
A review was conducted into the NSW SRE program in 2015 but was not released by the NSW Government until April 2017.
The review had limited terms of reference, meaning that it was not to examine whether SRE was a good idea. Even so, many of its findings were predictably concerning for those of us who worry about what some fervent religious folk are likely to say to impressionable young minds.
One of the more glaring findings of the review was that the ostensible curriculum that the religious volunteer was going to teach was often not available for review by the parent (or anyone else). Of course, we cannot be sure what any individual volunteer might say to a child when their religious blood was up.
These and other points have been highlighted by a group called Fairness in Religions in School. The group is run by parents – initially set up in Victoria – who lobby for downgrading scripture lessons in schools, more in line with the current Victorian position.
Religion in schools sparks unholy debate https://t.co/fAK15knPOg via @Yahoo7 // Great work @johnpauldickson. True fairness.
— Lyle Shelton (@LyleShelton) August 12, 2015
Mind you, if expert scholarship regarding the scriptures was taught to students, there could be a net benefit.
But such teaching, and let's use Professor Bart Ehrman's take on Christianity as the exemplar, would have to include the fact that:
there is no definitive New Testament as we don't have anything like the original manuscripts of the 27 books that comprise it;
as to the many thousands of later copies that we have in many languages, the copies disagree with each other all over the place;
there are more disagreements in the copies – minor and major – than words in the New Testament. Some of the errors are accidental, while others are deliberate;
we do not know who wrote the four canonical gospels because they were written anonymously. They were not written by Matthew, Mark, Luke and John or anyone who actually knew Jesus. These names were added later;
About 95% of people in Jesus' time were illiterate and Jesus and his disciples would have been no exception. That is why Jesus and the disciples never wrote anything down and they certainly didn't write Greek (the language of the original manuscripts);
The four canonical gospels disagree with each other left, right and centre, with "John" being the most extreme (it was written later than the others);
We do not know what Jesus said because the gospels are unreliable and nobody was taking notes;
Insofar as scholars can make the best guess about what Jesus probably said, Jesus was wrong about his central message (repent because the "Kingdom of God" is about to come); and
Almost half of Paul's letters were not written by Paul, but his famous name was added by the anonymous writers who wanted their letters to be read.
Indeed, Jesus was a species of Jew who had no intention of starting a new religion. Would he recognise Christianity today? I doubt it.
Stephen Williams writes mainly about politics, economics and the environment.
2006: #auspol #education #chaplains Students need school #counsellors, not disciple makers https://t.co/xJuZ8su2Tl
— Valen (@Valen_of_Minbar) March 19, 2016
POLITICS EDUCATION VICTORIA RELIGION
Stephen Williams Matthew Guy special religious instruction religious instruction Victorian election #VicPol Liberal Party Coalition religion in schools atheism
Recent articles by Stephen Williams
Environmental wins at the National Labor Conference
13 January 2019, 12:00pm Stephen Williams questions national co-convenor Felicity Wade of the Labor Envir ...
Muppet population plan will be meaningless
11 January 2019, 3:30pm Without a fundamental change to economic thinking, we will continue down the ...
Billy McMahon: A hopeless, forgettable PM
2 December 2018, 12:00pm In this new biography of Billy McMahon's life, author Patrick Mullins recounts his ...
view all 14 articles by Stephen Williams


Three years ago I decided to create a separate Twitter account for all my sports video game ranting. I also decided to make sure the name I used also had a domain available, just in case I wanted to do something else. That was the start of @ThatSportsGamer and ThatSportsGamer.com.
Initially this site was just going to be a blog. At the time I never expected to do much more than some random posts up here. Three years later, and we've done almost 100 episodes of ThatSportsGamer Show. recently launched a second podcast, ThatSportsGamer's Retro Roundtable with Rich Grisham and Greg Sewart, a monthly podcast where we focus each episode on one game from the past. I've also started streaming games, and uploading video content to YouTube.
As for the future, I'm really looking forward to the 100th episode of ThatSportsGamer Show. The plan for it currently is to record and stream it up at the MaddenTips.com studio in Boston during PAX East and have a little party for it. This fall I would like to put together another weekly podcast focused on Madden Ultimate Team. Since first getting into the mode with the Xbox 360 version of Madden NFL25, I've been shown a lot of love from the community. Hopefully putting out a podcast about the mode that has so many people heavily invested can be a little way of giving back to that community that has taken me in with open arms.
This would all be worthless without you. Every day the people that respond to my tweets, comment on the videos and chat in my stream keep this fun for me. I really appreciate you all being there.
Most importantly I need to thank my wife, Erika. Without her support none of this would exist. She's always pushing me to do more stuff and be better. I know the late nights piss her off sometimes, but she knows I love it, almost as much as I love her.
With the help of you all, 2014 is going to be the biggest year to date for ThatSportsGamer. Thank you all very much.


I am a big fan of the BBC's 'Sky at Night' programme. I recently bought a Skywatcher Explorer 180P Parabolic Telescope and have taken up the hobby of astronomy. I figure if anything is worth seeing or knowing it will come from the skies! I look forward to sharing my stargazing experiences and conversing with other like minded individuals. Until then. Talk soon.


Emotional abuse is a highly used but also misunderstood term. Unlike physical abuse, which is quite simple to understand, emotional type of abuse is less easier to understand. In fact so many people go through it without even knowing that they are being abused.
Before we get into what this kind of abuse is, let's talk about what it is not. Breaking up with someone is not emotionally abusive and neither is to arguing with your partner. When someone feels hurt because of something you did, it doesn't mean that they are manipulating you emotionally. Someone is also not abusive if they speak their mind with blunt honesty.
So what exactly is emotional abuse?
This is the attempt to control someone emotionally. Physical abuse and emotional abuse are similar in that the abusers are both trying to control their victims.
The difference is that while physical abuse includes hitting, grabbing, pushing, kicking, or other physical forms of harm someone who is emotionally abusive will use emotion to abuse their victim. They control your mind.
In most cases, the emotional abuser is not aware that they are abusive just as the victim is likely unaware that they are being abused. The abuser will normally think that what they are doing is the best thing for their partners.
An emotionally abusive partner will normally use subtle intimidation such as shouting at you, being aggressive with you or simply make you feel scared of them. They are so subtle that at the beginning you might not even notice it.
They might also keep threatening to harm you physically if you don't do or behave as they want you to. Others will threaten to leave you all in a bid to make you feel small and prevent you from standing up for yourself.
A mental abuser will never take responsibility of their actions or choices and will always blame you for their problems and misfortunes. You feel so guilty all the time that you want to do everything you can to make them feel better.
If your partner is always calling you names, making sarcastic or unpleasant comments about you or humiliating you then you have a reason to get worried. Emotional abusers will always criticise everything you do and try to put you down.
This is a popular tactic that they use to bring your self-esteem down. You begin to feel like you're not good enough. They never appreciate anything you do and are always comparing you to somebody else.
The more your self-esteem goes down, the more you hate yourself and the more dependent you become to your abusive partner. Sometimes you may notice it and even try to stand up for yourself but they will brush it off as just joking and dismiss you as being too sensitive.
Emotional abuse may take the form of undermining your opinions. The emotional abuser will also make you doubt your own opinion and make you feel as if you are being oversensitive or taking things out of hand.
This might get so bad because some people will actually dispute your version of events making you feel as if you are going crazy and you start doubting your own sanity.
Some emotional abusers will blackmail you emotionally and make you feel guilty about everything. They cheat on you and blame you for making them do it. They stay out too late, they blame you for it.
They hurt you and then punish you for it by sulking or giving you the silent treatment as a tactic to manipulate you to overlook their mistakes.
Some partners will not want you to progress economically so that you're always financially dependent on them. And when you are dependent on them they decide how you should spend every coin that you have.
Financial control is the most popular control tactive of an emotionally abusive partner. They prevent you from getting a job so that you are not independent enough to make your own choices.
Emotional abusers will want to be in control of what you can and cannot do. They will tell you what you should or should not wear, pick your friends and even limit your social events. They get very cruel when you do anything that they don't consider right.
They will monitor all your movements and even want to see whom you have been calling or chatting with on your phone or social media accounts.
We all doubt ourselves sometimes because no one is perfect. However, when someone is emotionally abusing you they lie to you deliberately so that they can confuse you and make you doubt your own perceptions especially about yourself.
They will argue with you and wear you out so bad that you start doubting your own version of the truth and begin to believe them. Sometimes they will straight out deny what they did even though they know you know the truth.
They will attack your intelligence and good sense so much that you start feeling stupid and right from wrong. They will make their own intelligence and good sense superior to yours that you depend on them to make all the decisions.
When you're dealing with an emotionally abusive person they make you feel anxious all the time. You are afraid to do or say anything around them because you are afraid you will set them off.
Whenever you're around them you feel uncomfortable and you're always afraid that you will provoke them, make them angry or disappoint them. So you coil and keep to yourself. You are always withdrawn when you're around them.
Emotional abuse creeps up on you and it may take you a while and lots of damage before you finally figure out that you're being abusive.
The first step is to take control of your life back. The best way to do this is by walking away from the toxic person. By walking away you are able to get back to your emotional stability from a place of power without any fear.
If you don't walk away from your partner and you believe that your relationship can be salvaged, then you need to set boundaries. Come up with boundaries on how to deal with criticism and disagreements. Lay down rules to communicate openly with any personal attacks but in a manner that encourages dialogue.
Learn How To Set Boundaries and Take Your Power Back!
Have a clear limit on what you can and cannot do for your partner. Don't do things just to keep the peace but stick to your personal well-being and integrity. Learn how to stand up for yourself and be assertive with your decision.
Sometimes it's not easy to deal with situations by ourselves. Allow yourself to seek help. Talk to your partner about couples therapy and encourage them to join you.
At this point, you're probably suffering from anxiety and completely stressed out. This is not good for your health and even peace of mind. So make a decision to fight anxiety.
When it comes to emotional abuse always put your well being first no matter how much you care about the other person. It may not be physical but it also causes as much damage to victims and you should never feel forced to stay in an abusive relationship.
Have you suffered from emotional abuse or know someone who has? How did you first know you were being abused? Let us know in the comments section!


text:
Picasso Pays the Bills in Virginia
July 25, 2011 by Marion Maneker
The Picasso Museum's decision to send a substantial portion of its collection on tour while undergoing renovations has resulted in a financial windfall for the museum but also for the other museums hosting the travelling exhibition, according to this article in the Richmond Times-Dispatch. Clever marketing helped the museum drive nearly a quarter of a million attendees. The knock-on economic value for Richmond has been estimated at close to $30 million for the entire state with 90% of that spending falling to Richmond itself:
The media plan covered the state with print, Web and partial TV. The museum also used two separate but compatible creative campaigns, which spoke to different audiences, Tarren said. "These efforts helped us achieve visitation from practically every corner of the state," he said.
The Picasso exhibition produced an estimated $26.6 million economic impact for the Richmond region, and $2.3 million elsewhere in Virginia, for a total economic impact on the state of nearly $29 million, according to an analysis by Richmond's Chmura Economics & Analytics.
The exhibit exceeded museum officials' projection of $25 million in economic activity. More than 230,000 visitors, a record number for a single exhibit, came to the museum for the show, which ran from Feb. 19 to May 15.
How VMFA Leveraged Picasso Exhibit (Richmond Times-Dispatch)
The Changing Market Mix for Impressionist and Modern Art, 2007-2017
Christie's Has a $25m Picasso Marie-Thérèse for November
Christie's £18m Brings Dora Maar to London
Wynn's Picasso Withdrawn from Christie's Sale
Christie's Rebecca Wei Telegraphs Chinese Rockefeller Interest
Sotheby's Has 1932 Picasso Marie-Thérèse for June
Filed Under: Museums Tagged With: Picasso

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


South Gloucestershire Council Home Care Service has now become an Emergency Rapid Response Service.
The rapid response service is a team of care staff that provide personal care in an emergency or urgent care crisis.
The service is in operation at all times, day or night, 365 days of the year. Its highly trained staff are able to rapidly respond throughout South Gloucestershire when they are informed of a resident with a personal care crisis. An adult care manager is available to visit to assist a rapid responder where the crisis requires more than a one-off visit. The service will continue to assist you while a referral is made for an adult care assessment, or review of your current support plan.
After this time if you are experiencing a social care emergency that cannot wait until the next working day then please contact the Emergency Duty Team on 01454 615165.


I am resident of shivparas flat in gordhen park society behind hotel Holiday inn Express,juna vadaj, Ahmedabad. Outside my flat gate there is tons of Garbage, pick up bus comes but don't take garbage outside my flat. Today is Diwali and we have to see garbage outside our flat gate and it is very disappointing. This is kind request to resolve our issues. I am a responsible citizen paying all takes regularly and in return expect good services from govt. atleast in garbage pick up matter. Plz look into my matter and do the needful as soon as possible.


The ArmA servers form the root of our community, without them we would not be where we are today.
The teamspeak is the heart of the FK Community. If you enjoy your time here please consider leaving a small donation.


text:
ALCS Game 3 postponed because of rain
Updated: October 13, 2014, 6:10 PM ET
Recommend0
KANSAS CITY, Mo. -- The last two times the Kansas City Royals played a postseason game at home, rain fell after the final out. This time, it started well before the first pitch.
Game 3 of the AL Championship Series between the Royals and Baltimore Orioles was postponed Monday because of steady rain that saturated Kauffman Stadium. The game was rescheduled for Tuesday at 8:07 p.m. EDT.
Along with steady rain, wind gusts of 25 mph were buffeting the ballpark. The forecast for Tuesday is cold and windy but dry, with weather improving the rest of the week.
"We want a game we know we can get through nine innings, hopefully play dry baseball, not risk player safety or uncomfortable fans," Major League Baseball Senior Vice President Peter Woodfork said about 4 hours before the scheduled first pitch.
The Royals, who lead the best-of-seven series 2-0, will keep former Orioles pitcher Jeremy Guthrie on the mound for Game 3. The Orioles will start Wei-Yin Chen, as planned.
After that, rotations become a little murky.
Royals manager Ned Yost said he'll decide before Tuesday night's game whether to stick with left-hander Jason Vargas for Game 4 on Wednesday or call for an audible and pitch Game 1 starter James Shields on regular rest. That game is scheduled to start at 4:07 p.m. EDT.
"Guthrie will throw tomorrow, and then we'll go from there," Yost said. "Shields can come back or if we feel like we want to give him another day, we can do that, too."
Orioles manager Buck Showalter was facing a similar conundrum. Miguel Gonzalez was slated to start Game 4, but Chris Tillman could return on regular rest. He opposed Shields when the Royals beat the Orioles in extra innings in the series opener.
"He's on normal rest, so yeah, he's an option," Showalter said. "That'd be five (days), right? But I wouldn't commit to anything right now other than Chen and see where we are."
It's not a slam-dunk decision for Yost and Showalter to go with their aces. Shields and Tillman struggled Friday night, neither lasting past the fifth inning.
"We're still getting our arms wrapped around it," Showalter said.
If needed, Game 5 would start at 4:07 p.m. EDT on Thursday. Games 6 and 7 would return to Baltimore and be played Friday and Saturday, as scheduled.
"Our teams are used to play consecutive games in a row," Woodfork said. "Hopefully it will not have a negative impact on the clubs."
Rain had been in the forecast for the first two games of the ALCS at Camden Yards, but both games were played without delay. The Royals won the first 8-6 in 10 innings, and Alcides Esocbar's go-ahead double in the ninth inning boosted them to a 6-4 victory Saturday.
Since the best-of-seven format was adopted in 1985, all 11 teams that have won the first two games of a league championship series on the road reached the World Series.
That doesn't seem to have put a damper on the Orioles' confidence.
"We've played two close games that have gone their way. We've had our chances," Orioles reliever Andrew Miller said. "We can stop their momentum with a win. They stopped ours. They came in and we hadn't lost in a while. We've got to experience that. Now it's our turn."
It won't be easy. With a stingy bullpen and a scrappy offense that has suddenly started to hit home runs, the Royals have won nine straight postseason games dating to Game 5 of the 1985 World Series -- three shy of the record shared by two bunches of New York Yankees.
Of the six this year, all but one have been in dramatic fashion.
The Royals beat the A's in a 12-inning wild-card thriller, after which rain started to pour at Kauffman Stadium. Then they won a pair of 11-inning contests on the road against the Angels in the ALDS before returning home and cruising to an 8-3 series clincher.
Rain started to fall after that game, too.
It's hard to fault Mother Nature for all her dreary weather, though. She's not used to the perennially downtrodden Royals still playing games this time of year.
"Whenever a team is hot, you definitely don't want rainouts or off-days," Royals first baseman Eric Hosmer said. "It's just Mother Nature. It's all part of life. We couldn't play today, so just come back tomorrow and try to take care of business."
Copyright 2014 by The Associated Press
This story is from ESPN.com's automated news wire. Wire index
The Age Of Mike Trout
The BBTN 100 counts down the top 25 players in baseball for 2015.
Rankings »
MLB Confidential
MLB players weigh in on baseball's best player, PEDs and what they really think about A-Rod's return.
MLB Confidential »
Baseball's Top 50 Prospects
Where does the recently-signed Yoan Moncada land on Keith Law's prospect rankings?
Top 50 update
MLB Home »
MORE MLB HEADLINES
Harper: Derby not in plans until D.C. in 2018
Rose greeted by cheers before All-Star Game
Commissioner sees expansion in MLB's future
Chapman closes ASG in home park, ponders trade
Manfred 'committed' to hearing Rose's case
Keith Law: Blog archive
MLB Draft: Blog archive
Eric Karabell: Fantasy blog archive


text:
Wardrobe Spotlight: Brooklyn Decker
Fashion · June 7, 2017 · By Noelle Buhidar
What would you say if we told you that women spend two hours per week deciding what to wear, eight years of their lives shopping and an average of $300K on clothes? If you're anything like us, you'd be both amazed and astonished.
This is where supermodel and actress Brooklyn Decker steps in with her new fashion website, FINERY, a platform that aims to fix these wardrobe woes, saving women time and money along the way. We spoke to Decker about her new service (spoiler alert: It's the closest you'll get to Cher's closet in Clueless), and took a peek into Decker's own virtual wardrobe to showcase her must-haves here.
FINERY—the Answer to Your "But I Have Nothing to Wear" Problem
Here's how FINERY works: You create a free account, and the technology behind the site combs through your inbox, instantly generating a virtual wardrobe of everything you've bought online for the past 10 years. In addition to giving you access to your real wardrobe, the site creates a wishlist in which you can add items from anywhere online. If an item on your list goes on sale, FINERY will send you a notification via email and on the site. The tool also keeps track of return windows, so that you stay savvy toward how many days you have left to get a refund.
Um, we're sort of finding it hard to gather reasons not to sign up for this service. We put it to the test on Decker's wardrobe and had a blast with the "Create A Look" tool, which lets you drag and drop clothes and accessories to create your ideal outfit. We can only imagine how neat this would be with our own clothes, but admittedly, using Decker's closet was really, really fun!
"I'm excited to share my wardrobe with RetailMeNot because this a discerning audience," Decker says. "Like me, they make educated purchases—they compare deals online, they want to make sure they get the most bang for their buck! As you'll see in my wardrobe, I buy a ton of secondhand and love to shop at outlet sites. Both RetailMeNot and Finery live by the idea that you can have high-quality, high-style items without compromising your budget."
And Now, Brooklyn Decker's Wardrobe Musts
Shop: The Amy Dress by Jill Jill Stuart (rent for $50) at Vow to Be Chic
Save: Don't stress about committing to an expensive dress you'll only wear once. Vow to Be Chic lets you rent style and return it once you're done. The site sends you two sizes, so that you have options for the perfect fit. We're most excited about the fact that this cancels out a trip to the store, though!
Decker wore The Amy Dress to the 2014 CMT Awards and says it looks similar to the wedding dress she donned in Just Go With It. We love that you're able to rent this dress; it's a perfect option for summer weddings. And as long as you return the dress within three days of your event, you can ship it back for free via an included prepaid label.
Shop: Danielle Gold Earrings in Black ($65) at Kendra Scott
Save: Sign up to be a Kendra Scott Insider, and you'll get 15% off your next purchase. Shipping and gift wrap are free!
Anyone familiar with Kendra Scott's self-made story knows that she is truly a jewel. Her statement earrings have become a wardrobe staple for many, and these black ones will complement just about whatever outfit you're wearing.
Shop: ASOS Multi Pack Triangle Bikini Top and Tie Side Bikini Bottom ($23) at ASOS
Save: Get 10% off $125 or more and free standard shipping on purchases over $40 at ASOS.
Another nod to Decker's film Just Go With It, this standout bikini is loud, proud and wonderfully affordable. You can find it in black, pink and white, too.
Shop: Elizabeth and James Wright Sunglasses ($195) at Shopbop
Save: Enjoy free three-day shipping with your order, and if you're an Amazon Prime member, you can even use your Prime benefits at Shopbop!
Fun fact: Ashley and Mary-Kate Olsen are co-designers of Elizabeth and James. This retro cat's-eye style is giving off Grace Kelly vibes and will have you looking classy at the beach, brunch or even at your kid's soccer practice.
Shop: Embrace Ambition T-shirt ($68) at Tory Burch
Save: Sign up for Tory Burch emails to get 10% off your purchase. Shipping and returns are free.
This limited-edition tee serves a powerful purpose: To encourage women to embrace ambition. All of the net proceeds benefit the Tory Burch Foundation, which empowers women entrepreneurs by providing access to capital, education programs and digital resources. "Tory nailed it," Decker says. "Why shouldn't women be ambitious in all aspects of their lives?"
Shop: Birkenstock Arizona ($125) at Zappos.com
Save: Join the Zappos Rewards program for free, and you'll get complimentary expedited shipping, early access to sales and the ability to earn points to use toward future purchases.
Birkenstock sandals are one of those BIFL (Buy It For Life) purchases. These will last you season after season—especially if you apply a light coating of cork sealant to them every now and then. And in terms of a go-to summer sandal, Birks are tops. Just take it from Decker, who wears these around her hometown of Austin, where the sun takes very little mercy.
That's not all! To see more of Brooklyn Decker's wardrobe essentials, head over to FINERY. Comment below with your favorite looks!
Noelle Buhidar is the former editor in chief of The Real Deal. She's a Texas native who loves helping others save money. When she's not attempting to write witty headlines, there's a 99 percent chance she's reading, at a concert or watching bad horror movies with her friends.
The Best Sales to Shop Online Right NOW
12 Drunk Elephant Bronzing Drops Dupes That Are In…
Savvy Shopping
Where to Find the Stanley Adventure Quencher in Stock
10 Non-Cheesy Valentine's Day Gifts
A 2023 Guide to the Best Tax Software
Cool SKIMS Dupes When You're Sick of Endless…
Valentine's Day 2023: Save When You Shop at…
12 Drunk Elephant Bronzing Drops Dupes That Are…
12 Women-Owned Indie Brands You May Not Have…
95+ Black-Owned Brands to Support Today and Always
10 Affordable Prom Dress Stores for Looking Extra…


Have BlackDAM original Lykketrold fra GJOL dolls (male & female) either 1979, 1974 or 1972. Please advise value.
That is very cool Lesley Im a 13 yr old boy and I collect Dam and Norfin trolls I love the way the big trolls hair feels!
as it is my 50th birthday this year i intend to treat myself to a couple of the female 19 inch dam trolls,i already have four of the male 19 inch trolls.


Zero Gravity Office Chair Uk Sofa And Gallery Intended For Plan 45 is one of pictures thet are related with the picture before in the collection gallery. If you would like to see the Zero Gravity Office Chair Uk Sofa And Gallery Intended For Plan 45 in High Resolution [HD Resolution] version, please press the right click on picures/image then choose "Save as Image" option, and done. You will get Zero Gravity Office Chair Uk Sofa And Gallery Intended For Plan 45 pictures that you want. The exactly dimension of Zero Gravity Office Chair Uk Sofa And Gallery Intended For Plan 45 was 678x381 pixels. You can also look for some pictures by collection on below this picture. Find the other picture or article about Zero Gravity Office Chair here. We hope it can help you to get information of the picture.


Welcome to Nudist Dating Nudist Dating is the premier online personals site for Nudists.We give nudist friends and nudist singles a chance to find the perfect match.I have come across some very nice people men and woman that share the same lifestyle.Perhaps I'm a bit picky, wink but right when I pretty much given up of ever finding that Mr. Right under the Bob Evans sign in Bloomington our first time meeting. Were actually planning two weddings, were going to redo our vows this summer in the buff which is a dream of mine for always.
For verified cougars, you could access all the features on the sugar momma site.You could prove that you are confident,attractive,successful and mature but still young again easier here.Why not join us to start your fantastic cougar cub adventure?Whether looking for casual and friendly dating, or looking for that long-lasting relationship, we can provide the perfect jumping-off point for finding those who share similar interests.It started with exchanging winks, emails, phones dates, It started with a wink!! We got on so well we just had to meet, even though I lived in the north of England and Sian lived in South Wales, a spark had been lit and distance was not going to prevent us from meeting.
Been two months that I have been waiting for my refund that I over paid my account before closing and I am just not getting anywhere with them. Every time they say someone will call me back and I am and the end of my rope with this HI I TOOK MY CAR IN LAST FRIDAY TO b OSCH SERVICES AT 462 Dykor str in silverton i phoned them wednesday then they said i can pick my car up by thursday i took leave to come and fetch my car when i arrived there they said they are waiting for the sensor i should come back later as the mechanic went and fetch it i came back later just to find out that the sensor they are looking for they have not in stock so i have wasted a whole days leave I bough some items at pep and paid with my fnb card but they told me it was not taken to pep so it will be refunded back to me within 7 days and I haven't received my money and its been 15 days now and I'm so disappointed with this and that means people must be careful when using their cards at pep.


Tranquil forest and mountain views! Del Mesa Carmel's most popular floor plan, this spacious B model end unit is light and bright with two bedrooms, two bathrooms plus a spacious den, 1,469 sq. ft! Features include a vaulted, beamed ceiling in the living/dining areas, stainless steel appliances, plantation shutters, cozy fireplace with remote starter and plenty of closets and storage! The walls were just repainted and the acoustic ceiling has been removed. A full size washer and dryer are conveniently located on the large wrap-around deck. Unload your groceries at the front door and covered parking is just across the street! Del Mesa Carmel is California's prestigious 55+, 24-hr. gated, active adult community featuring numerous activities, Club House, excellent dining room, indoor heated pool, exercise facility, on-site maintenance, van service, walking trails and much more. Care-free retirement living at its finest!
I'd like some more information about 280 DEL MESA CARMEL, CARMEL CA. Thank you.
I'd like to request a showing for 280 DEL MESA CARMEL, CARMEL CA. Thank you.


"If I had known more about Me and Earl and the Dying Girl, I probably would not have watched it.
I never expected what losing my dad would do to me. Some days, I don't want to pull the covers off. Some days, I don't want to talk to anyone. Some days, I simply want to watch television, scrolling through Netflix until I find a story that takes me to another world.


Wimbledon – Follow the Tennis match between Garbiñe Muguruza and Alison Van Uytvanck live with Eurosport. The match starts at 11:30 on 5 July 2018. Our live coverage lets you follow all the key moments as they happen.
Head-to-head: see historical stats and visit our detailed profiles for Garbiñe Muguruza vs Alison Van Uytvanck. Get all the latest on Tennis: fixtures, results and tables.
GAME, SET AND MATCH! - MUGURUZA 7-5 2-6 1-6 VAN UYTVANCK. What a win for the Belgian world No.47. She dumps the defending champion out with a stunning display. Muguruza led 0-30 but Ali came flying back to serve it out after one hour and 51 minutes on Court 2.
BREAK! - MUGURUZA 7-5 2-6 1-5 VAN UYTVANCK. Garbi is in BIG trouble now. Van Uytvanck hits some sublime returns to tee up double break point. Muguruza saves one, but the Belgian trades massive blows with the Spaniard from the baseline and comes out on top to move within a game of a major upset.
MUGURUZA 7-5 2-6 1-4 VAN UYTVANCK. The Belgian has a wobble at 30-0 and Muguruza storms back to 30-30. A corking forehand winner gets Ali back on track and she consolidates when Garbi guides a mid-court ball horribly long.
MUGURUZA 7-5 2-6 1-2 VAN UYTVANCK. It's all coming off for the Belgian. She shows the deftest of touches to stun a half volley just over the net before sending the crowd wild with an ace that claims a love hold.
MUGURUZA 7-5 2-6 1-1 VAN UYTVANCK. A sharp response from Muguruza. She needed that. This is SO finely poised.
MUGURUZA 7-5 2-6 0-1 VAN UYTVANCK. The world No.47 is not changing her approach. It's fearless tennis and gets her off on the right note in the decider.
SET! - MUGURUZA 7-5 2-6 VAN UYTVANCK. Wow! Ali breaks again to take the set in style. Muguruza is in trouble here.
MUGURUZA 7-5 2-5 VAN UYTVANCK. No sense of deja vu this time. Ali was 4-2 up in the first set before crumbling, but not this time. She's forced to deuce but holds her nerve and is now closing in on taking this to a decider.
BREAK! - MUGURUZA 7-5 2-4 VAN UYTVANCK. Relentless is the word. Van Uytvanck just keeps hitting flat, big shots. Muguruza is renowned for her power, but has no answer to this. She's broken again and the Belgian deservedly takes the initiative in Set 2.
MUGURUZA 7-5 2-3 VAN UYTVANCK. Muguruza pulls off a tricky hold from 30-30 before Ali edges back in front with a game to 15. The Belgian continues to go for her shots with real depth and venom.
MUGURUZA 7-5 1-2 VAN UYTVANCK. Muguruza's momentum has been firmly checked. The Spaniard fights back to make deuce, but can't unlock the Belgian's defence on this occasion as a stunning backhand winner down the line puts the underdog on the front foot.
BREAK! - MUGURUZA 7-5 1-1 VAN UYTVANCK. Ali has hit some sensational winners this evening - and she's at it again here to instantly break back.
BREAK! - MUGURUZA 7-5 1-0 VAN UYTVANCK. It's been a super couple of minutes for Muguruza. She follows up the first set with an aggressive return game that she seals with a backhand winner. The 2017 champion is a set and a break to the good.
SET! - MUGURUZA 7-5 VAN UYTVANCK. The No.3 seed doesn't allow herself to wobble this time as she serves it out to love. She punches her fist as she comes through what proved to be a difficult 47-minute test.
BREAK! - MUGURUZA 6-5 VAN UYTVANCK. Muguruza bites back and breaks to 30. The reigning champion will have another chance to serve out the set.
BREAK! - MUGURUZA 5-5 VAN UYTVANCK. The Spaniard chokes at the vital moment. Van Uytvanck benefits from a huge net cord for 15-30 but then hammers a stunning forehand winner. Muguruza is nervous and lashes just long to gift the Belgian a lifeline in the set.
BREAK! - MUGURUZA 5-4 VAN UYTVANCK. 'Come on!' That's the cry from Muguruza as her opponent floats a defensive shot long on a second break point. The Spaniard has been under the cosh at times in this set, but will now have the chance to serve for it.
MUGURUZA 4-4 VAN UYTVANCK. Garbi hits back from 4-2 down to level.


This section links to many popular youtube videos. Browse by category. We hope to add a springfield specific video area. Watch this space in the future for specific videos for the springfield missouri area.


text:
El factor 8 Kruppel-like (KLF8) es un factor de transcripción codificado en humanos por el gen klf8.

Interacciones
La proteína KLF8 ha demostrado ser capaz de interaccionar con:
 CTBP2

Véase también
 Kruppel

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Factores de transcripción

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Chinese Internet video website Letv.com and Chinese telecom operator China Unicom have signed a strategic agreement for cooperation in basic communications, development of new products, and marketing.
Under the agreement, the two parties will mainly cooperate in three sectors. For basic communications, China Unicom will offer its nationwide IDC room and Internet access resources to Letv.com, supporting the business development of the video website. Meanwhile, Letv.com will consider China Unicom a preferential partner when deploying voice services in its offices.
For development of new products, Letv.com will provide movie and TV series contents for IPTV, Internet, and mobile devices operated by China Unicom, and the two parties will jointly develop video client products.
For joint marketing, the two parties will fully play China Unicom's resource advantages to promote Letv.com, so as to further improve the business volume of both parties.
Jia Yueting, chief executive officer of Letv.com, said that the detailed cooperating methods will be later determined by the two parties and they will sign specific agreements for various projects. Meanwhile, the two parties will organize their respective departments and units to establish a joint working team to coordinate and promote the implementation of related projects.


text:
{% extends 'forms/_person_link_widget_base.html' %}

{% block sections %}
    {% if field.allow_authors %}
        {% set coauthor_placeholder = _('There are no co-authors') if field.show_empty_coauthors else none %}
        {{ render_section('author', title=_('Authors'), placeholder=_('There are no authors')) }}
        {{ render_section('coauthor', title=_('Co-authors'), placeholder=coauthor_placeholder) }}
        {{ render_section('other', title=_('Others')) }}
    {% else %}
        {{ render_section('other', placeholder=_('There are no speakers')) }}
    {% endif %}
{% endblock %}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Photo: ccompton@ajc.com/Curtis Compton
De'Andre Hunter, Bruno Fernando expected to make summer league debuts today
Chris Vivlamore, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution
Just more than 12 hours after draft picks De'Andre Hunter and Bruno Fernando officially joined the Hawks, the expectation is that the rookies will play in today's Las Vegas Summer League game.
The Hawks play the Timberwolves at 5:30 p.m. ET on ESPN2.
The Hawks acquired Hunter, the No. 4 overall pick, and Fernando, the No. 34 overall pick, in draft night trades. The deals could not be official until the end of the NBA moratorium on Saturday and finally got league approval following the completion of the Lakers-Pelicans trade for Anthony Davis early Sunday morning.
Hunter and Fernando signed their rookie contracts on Sunday.
The two players will be introduced at a press conference in Las Vegas following the game at 8:30 p.m.


The idea of a free media is one that we at NewAgeIslam.com hold in the highest regard. We believe in bringing our site visitors, readers and audio listeners or video viewers the widest possible array of information that comes to our notice in regard to the trials and tribulations of the Muslim community all over the world in their bid to adapt to the fast-changing circumstances of the Twenty-first century and anything else that we deem my be of interest to or necessary for our readers and viewers. We trust our worldwide readership and audience, and believe them to be fully-capable of making their own decisions and discerning their own realities, regardless of our editors' or contributors' interventions on one side of a certain argument or the other. We want Muslims to recognise while holding any discussion that two-thirds of humanity, at lest, does not agree with us, in fact most Muslims themselves hold very different opinions from other Muslims and subscribe to different schools of thoughts in interpreting their scriptures and in their responses to current word events. Clearly there is no point in considering one's own view as final and applicable to the entire Muslim community, even to one's own sect or sub-sect, or more vainly, all humanity.
Among the thousands of articles and comments posted here for your consideration, or links and summaries of which are mailed to you daily, there will doubtless be some that you find useless, and possibly offensive, in content or in language; but we believe you will be discerning enough to realize that even the ideas, subjects and comments you disagree with have some value in terms of clarifying and giving a context to your own ideas and endorsing our common agenda of promoting a peaceful and prosperous life for all on the planet. Offensive, particularly obscene language we keep removing from the site whenever we observe them or some reader points out to us, but this cannot always be done in good time as this is a non-monitored site in the interest of facilitating readers' comments.
The subjects we choose to discuss or the points of view expressed by our writers, or even the editorial staff does not necessarily reflect any official position of the website NewAgeIslam.com. It would be best if our readers and viewers did not make any 'assumptions' about NewAgeIslam.com on that count. This website is not about promoting any agenda, even if its editors and contributors appear to have definite opinions of their own on certain issues of concern to the ummah and may even seek to convince others of the same. As we say in our masthead we are here to help the Muslim community map out an agenda suitable for the Twenty-First century through open, no-holds-barred debates and discussions on all issues of concern. No community or sect or individual of any persuasion is barred from participating in the discussions on NewAgeIslam.com. We welcome all with open minds and hope that some good will come out through this interaction.
It is our firm belief that it would be ill-advised and cowardly to sweep under the carpet doubts and questions abut our own ideological positions or any novel or strong views on any subject. Muslims will have to consider all sorts of opinions -- of not only Muslims of all sects and persuasions, but also ex-Muslims and non-Muslims, as indeed would-be Muslims – to be able to arrive at a conclusion as to what suits us best in a certain situation.
The situation we live in today in this New Age is vastly different from the conditions that prevailed in 7th century Arabia at the time of the advent of Islam. That is why Allah ("Subhanahu Wa T'ala" – SWT – meaning "The Glorious and High") and Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him - PBUH) in his wisdom gave us the instrumentality of Ijtihad, so that we can continue to renew our religion as and when required. And it is largely because we failed to use this instrument continuously through the last one and a half millennium that we are in the mess we are in today. We would have continued to be the most advanced community in the world armed with the latest ideology, had we continued to heed Allah (SWT) and Rasoolullah (PBUH) who had told us that we will need to continuously renew our religion to stay ahead of the changing times. In some respects we are still ahead of other religious communities as a forward-looking community on the strength of the fact that ours is the latest of revealed religions, but in many other respects we lag far behind others who hold ideologies and ways of life (deens) even older than our own. It is to their credit that despite a lack of specific guidance in their theologies about a continuous renewal of faith, they felt the need for doing so and have gone ahead, while it is to our eternal shame that despite our original ideology specifically asking us to continue to change with times, we have not done so and are hence one of the most backward in our political, societal and civilisational mores.
We at NewAgeIslam.com have a horror of censoring news, views, information and comment here, except for the foul language some of our readers and viewers love to use. We believe censoring is for you to do, either as self-censorship or as pointing out if something needs to be removed from the site. We strongly recommend that you do not 'assume' anything, particularly about our intentions. We intend to do nothing but to provide us with a forum where we can freely discuss any relevant subject. Read, consider, and make your own informed decisions. Let us state once again, in a firmer tone, NewAgeIslam.com does not necessarily adhere to, or endorse, any or all of the links, stories, articles, editorials, or products offered by its editors, contributors or sponsors found or broadcast on this site.
All of the materials and data offered on this site, and on the multimedia programs, are for informational and educational purposes only, to help you be more enlightened about what is going on in the world, who is thinking and saying what and then be ale to form your own informed opinion.
Read, Listen, View and Think and Share with us your thoughts in the interest of world peace and prosperity for all. Peace and Prosperity for Muslims depends on the peace and prosperity of the world, two-thirds of which is not Muslim and most of the Muslims too may not belong to our particular Islamic sect or sub-sect or school of thought, whatever it may be.
The materials comprising the NewAgeIslam.com news service (the "Website") are provided by NewAgeIslam.com as a service to its readers on an "as-is, as-available" basis for informational purposes only. NewAgeIslam.com assumes no responsibility for any errors or omissions in these materials. NewAgeIslam.com makes no commitment to update the information contained herein. Further, NewAgeIslam.com cannot edit, control, review for truth or accuracy, or screen for defamation or obscenity any content provided to the Website by a third party through postings, uploaded files, or any other form of communication, nor can the NewAgeIslam.com ensure prompt removal of defamatory, obscene, inappropriate or unlawful content after transmission. Any such third party postings, files or other communications do not necessarily represent the opinions, beliefs, or positions of the NewAgeIslam.com, its owner, employees or sponsors.
NewAgeIslam.com makes no, and expressly disclaims any, representations or warranties, express or implied, regarding the Website, including, without limitation, any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. NewAgeIslam.com makes no, and expressly disclaims any, warranties, express or implied, regarding the correctness, accuracy, completeness, timeliness, and reliability of the text, graphics, links to other sites and any other items accessed from or via this Website or the Internet, or that the services will be uninterrupted, error-free or free of viruses or other harmful components. Under no circumstances shall NewAgeIslam.com, its owner, or any of their respective partners, officers, directors, employees, agents, associates or representatives be liable for any damages, whether direct, indirect, special or consequential damages for lost revenues, lost profits, or otherwise, arising from or in connection with this Website, the materials contained herein, or the Internet generally.
All original materials contained in this Website are protected by copyright laws, and may not be reproduced, republished, distributed, transmitted, displayed, broadcast or otherwise exploited in any manner without the express prior written permission of NewAgeIslam.com or the author, authors or sources of said materials.
FAIR USE NOTICE. This site contains copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making such material available in our efforts to promote Co-Existence and Dialogue of Religions and Civilisations, and advance understanding of Islam and Democracy, Pluralism, Terrorism, Human Rights, Islamic Laws and Ideology, etc. We believe this constitutes a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. If you wish to use copyrighted material from this site for purposes of your own that go beyond 'fair use', you must obtain permission from the copyright owner. The material on this site is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. New Age Islam has no affiliation whatsoever with the originator of these articles nor is New Age Islam endorsed or sponsored by the originator of these articles.
Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 106 and 106A, the fair use of a copyrighted work, including such use by reproduction in copies or phonorecords or by any other means specified by that section, for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research, is not an infringement of copyright. In determining whether the use made of a work in any particular case is a fair use the factors to be considered shall include - (1) the purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for non-profit educational purposes; (2) the nature of the copyrighted work; (3) the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and (4) the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work. The fact that a work is unpublished shall not itself bar a finding of fair use if such finding is made upon consideration of all the above factors.
This memorandum provides a general description of the applicability of the copyright law and the so-called "fair use" exemptions to the copyright law's general prohibition on copying. It also describes "safe harbour" guidelines applicable to classroom copying.
The concept of fair use is necessarily somewhat vague when discussed in the abstract. Its application depends critically on the particular facts of the individual situation. Neither the case law nor the statutory law provides bright lines concerning which uses are fair and which are not. However, you may find it helpful to refer to certain third party source materials. Guidelines for classroom copying by not-for-profit educational institutions have been prepared by a group consisting of the Authors League of America, the Association of American Publishers, and an ad hoc committee of educational institutions and organizations. In addition, fair use guidelines for educational multimedia have been prepared by a group coordinated by the consortium of College and University Multimedia Centres (CCUMC). These guidelines describe safe harbour conditions, but do not purport to define the full extent of "fair use."
A federal appeals court recently decided an important copyright fair use case involving course packs. In Princeton University Press, et.al. v. Michigan Document Services, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit concluded that the copying of excerpts from books and other publications by a commercial copy service without the payment of fees to the copyright holders to create course packs for university students was not fair use. The size of the offending excerpts varied from 30 percent to as little as 5 percent of the original publications. Although the opinion in this case is not binding in California, it is consistent with prior cases from other courts, and there is a reasonable likelihood that the California federal courts would reach a similar conclusion on similar facts.
Group or the Legal Office.
For certain works, permission may also be sought from the Copyright Clearance Centre (CCC) which will quote a charge for works for which they are able to give permission. The Copyright Clearance Centre can be contacted at www.copyright.com or (978) 750-8400, but it may be easier to go through a copying service that deals regularly with the CCC.
The information comprised on this site in not offered or held to be a solicitation of the views, ideas or policies explained or represented in stories, articles and editorials offered. It is being presented as news and news only. Further, the content of NewAgeIslam.com does not constitute advice or a recommendation by NewAgeIslam.com and should not be relied upon in making (or refraining from making) any decision relating to the material presented here.
Neither NewAgeIslam.com nor its staff nor its sponsors, its ISP of any contributors to the site can be held liable or responsible in any way for any opinions, suggestions, recommendations or comments made by any of the contributors to the various materials on this site...nor do opinions of contributors necessarily reflect those of NewAgeIslam.com, et al.
In no event shall NewAgeIslam.com, its staff, its sponsors, its contributors or its ISP be liable for any damages whatsoever, including, without limitation, direct, special, indirect, consequential, or incidental damages, or damages for lost profits, loss of revenue, or loss of use, arising out of or related to the NewAgeIslam.com internet site or the information contained in it, whether such damages arise in contract, negligence, tort, under statute, in equity, at law or otherwise.


oct 2013 -Today I walked up to the line at Starbucks and noticed a gold credit card on the floor. I picked it up and looked at the first name on the card and asked the gentleman standing in front of me, " are you?"…uh.. Angelo? …..no, he said. I asked another. He said to. I saw another guy standing in front of the milk and sugar station….so I approached him and asked " excuse me, are you Angelo? He said yes, without even looking up to see who I was? He just kept stirring?
I turned to the Starbucks staff in bewilderment…..not sure if I should turn the card in or proceede with my investigation. So, I looked down at the card and read the last name and asked him " Is your last name Petraglia? (I'm sure I pronounced it wrong) but if it is he, he should respond with some degree of recognition I thought.
He took a deep sigh, and said yes.
ah, great. Is this your card?
He looked straight into my eyes and took the card.
Angelo- What kind of name is that?
Joby-Yeah, my mom thought it sounded cute, Saad is Lebanese.
He didn't know what to say but I was a bit miffed he didn't seemed more apprciative.
Joby-(I'm confused? I should be asking him for I.D. but for some reason I felt like I had to prove I was a Joby Sad, Like who would want to make that up? So, I showed him I.D.
He relaxed and I think he thanked me for returning his credit card and I remarked, yeah when's your next show? " Good luck, I'll catch your next show" ……..He feace returned to the non trusting uncertain look he had given me earlier. I didn't know who he was but I just assumed with his long hair stuffed into a black cap and grunge, yet non poor look he must be a musician.


text:
February 14: Higher Education, Public Schools, and the Path to Brown
Kevin McMahon, "Constitutional Vision and Supreme Court Decisions: Reconsidering Roosevelt on Race,"Studies in American Political Development
Michael Klarman article, "How Brown Changed Race Relations: The Backlash Thesis," Journal of American History
Joan Malczewski, "'The Schools Lost Their Isolation': Interest Groups and Institutions in Educational Policy Development in the Jim Crow South," Journal of Policy History
McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents
APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE WESTERN DISTRICT OF OKLAHOMA
No. 34 Argued: April 3-4, 1950 — Decided: June 5, 1950
Appellant, a Negro citizen of Oklahoma possessing a master's degree, was admitted to the Graduate School of the state supported University of Oklahoma as a candidate for a doctorate in education and was permitted to use the same classroom, library and cafeteria as white students. Pursuant to a requirement of state law that the instruction of Negroes in institutions of higher education be "upon a segregated basis," however, he was assigned to a seat in the classroom in a row specified for Negro students, was assigned to a special table in the library, and, although permitted to eat in the cafeteria at the same time as other students, was assigned to a special table there.
Held: The conditions under which appellant is required to receive his education deprive him of his personal and present right to the equal protection of the laws, and the Fourteenth Amendment precludes such differences in treatment by the State based upon race. Pp. 638-642.
(a) The restrictions imposed upon appellant impair and inhibit his ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession. Pp. 640-641.
(b) That appellant may still be set apart by his fellow students and may be in no better position when these restrictions are removed is irrelevant, for there is a constitutional difference between restrictions imposed by the State which prohibit the intellectual commingling of students and the refusal of students to commingle where the State presents no such bar. P. 641.
(c) Having been admitted to a state supported graduate school, appellant must receive the same treatment at the hands of the State as students of other races. P. 642.
VINSON, C.J., Opinion of the Court
MR. CHIEF JUSTICE VINSON delivered the opinion of the Court.
In this case, we are faced with the question whether a state may, after admitting a student to graduate instruction in its state university, afford him different treatment from other students solely because of his race. We decide only this issue; see Sweatt v. Painter, ante p. 629.
Appellant is a Negro citizen of Oklahoma. Possessing a Master's Degree, he applied for admission to the University of Oklahoma in order to pursue studies and courses leading to a Doctorate in Education. At that time, his application was denied, solely because of his race. The school authorities were required to exclude him by the Oklahoma statutes, 70 Okla.Stat. (1941) §§ 455, 456, 457, which made it a misdemeanor to maintain or operate, teach or attend a school at which both whites and Negroes are enrolled or taught. Appellant filed a complaint requesting injunctive relief, alleging that the action of the school authorities and the statutes upon which their action was based were unconstitutional, and deprived him [p639] of the equal protection of the laws. Citing our decisions in Missouri ex rel. Gaines v. Canada, 305 U.S. 337 (1938), and Sipuel v. Board of Regents, 332 U.S. 631 (1948), a statutory three-judge District Court held that the State had a Constitutional duty to provide him with the education he sought as soon as it provided that education for applicants of any other group. It further held that, to the extent the Oklahoma statutes denied him admission, they were unconstitutional and void. On the assumption, however, that the State would follow the constitutional mandate, the court refused to grant the injunction, retaining jurisdiction of the cause with full power to issue any necessary and proper orders to secure McLaurin the equal protection of the laws. 87 F.Supp. 526.
Following this decision, the Oklahoma legislature amended these statutes to permit the admission of Negroes to institutions of higher learning attended by white students in cases where such institutions offered courses not available in the Negro schools. The amendment provided, however, that, in such cases, the program of instruction "shall be given at such colleges or institutions of higher education upon a segregated basis." [*] Appellant [p640] was thereupon admitted to the University of Oklahoma Graduate School. In apparent conformity with the amendment, his admission was made subject to
such rules and regulations as to segregation as the President of the University shall consider to afford to Mr. G. W. McLaurin substantially equal educational opportunities as are afforded to other persons seeking the same education in the Graduate College,
a condition which does not appear to have been withdrawn. Thus, he was required to sit apart at a designated desk in an anteroom adjoining the classroom; to sit at a designated desk on the mezzanine floor of the library, but not to use the desks in the regular reading room, and to sit at a designated table and to eat at a different time from the other students in the school cafeteria.
To remove these conditions, appellant filed a motion to modify the order and judgment of the District Court. That court held that such treatment did not violate the provisions of the Fourteenth Amendment, and denied the motion. 87 F.Supp. 528. This appeal followed.
In the interval between the decision of the court below and the hearing in this Court, the treatment afforded appellant was altered. For some time, the section of the classroom in which appellant sat was surrounded by a rail on which there was a sign stating, "Reserved For Colored," but these have been removed. He is now assigned to a seat in the classroom in a row specified for colored students; he is assigned to a table in the library on the main floor, and he is permitted to eat at the same time in the cafeteria as other students, although here again he is assigned to a special table.
It is said that the separations imposed by the State in this case are in form merely nominal. McLaurin uses the same classroom, library and cafeteria as students of other races; there is no indication that the seats to which he is assigned in these rooms have any disadvantage [p641] of location. He may wait in line in the cafeteria, and there stand and talk with his fellow students, but while he eats, he must remain apart.
These restrictions were obviously imposed in order to comply, as nearly as could be, with the statutory requirements of Oklahoma. But they signify that the State, in administering the facilities it affords for professional and graduate study, sets McLaurin apart from the other students. The result is that appellant is handicapped in his pursuit of effective graduate instruction. Such restrictions impair and inhibit his ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession.
Our society grows increasingly complex, and our need for trained leaders increases correspondingly. Appellant's case represents, perhaps, the epitome of that need, for he is attempting to obtain an advanced degree in education, to become, by definition, a leader and trainer of others. Those who will come under his guidance and influence must be directly affected by the education he receives. Their own education and development will necessarily suffer to the extent that his training is unequal to that of his classmates. State-imposed restrictions which produce such inequalities cannot be sustained.
It may be argued that appellant will be in no better position when these restrictions are removed, for he may still be set apart by his fellow students. This we think irrelevant. T here is a vast difference — a Constitutional difference — between restrictions imposed by the state which prohibit the intellectual commingling of students and the refusal of individuals to commingle where the state presents no such bar. Shelley v. Kraemer, 334 U.S. 1, 13-14 (1948). The removal of the state restrictions will not necessarily abate individual and group predilections, prejudices and choices. But, at the very least, the state will not be depriving appellant of the opportunity [p642] to secure acceptance by his fellow students on his own merits.
We conclude that the conditions under which this appellant is required to receive his education deprive him of his personal and present right to the equal protection of the laws. See Sweatt v. Painter, ante p. 629. We hold that, under these circumstances, the Fourteenth Amendment precludes differences in treatment by the state based upon race. Appellant, having been admitted to a state supported graduate school, must receive the same treatment at the hands of the state as students of other races. The judgment is
APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF KANSAS
No. 1. Argued: Argued December 9, 1952Reargued December 8, 1953 — Decided: Decided May 17, 1954
Segregation of white and Negro children in the public schools of a State solely on the basis of race, pursuant to state laws permitting or requiring such segregation, denies to Negro children the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment — even though the physical facilities and other "tangible" factors of white and Negro schools may be equal. Pp. 486-496.(a) The history of the Fourteenth Amendment is inconclusive as to its intended effect on public education. Pp. 489-490.(b) The question presented in these cases must be determined not on the basis of conditions existing when the Fourteenth Amendment was adopted, but in the light of the full development of public education and its present place in American life throughout the Nation. Pp. 492-493.(c) Where a State has undertaken to provide an opportunity for an education in its public schools, such an opportunity is a right which must be made available to all on equal terms. P. 493.(d) Segregation of children in public schools solely on the basis of race deprives children of the minority group of equal educational opportunities, even though the physical facilities and other "tangible" factors may be equal. Pp. 493-494.(e) The "separate but equal" doctrine adopted in Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537, has no place in the field of public education. P. 495.(f) The cases are restored to the docket for further argument on specified questions relating to the forms of the decrees. Pp. 495-496.
WARREN, C.J., Opinion of the Court
These cases come to us from the States of Kansas, South Carolina, Virginia, and Delaware. They are premised on different facts and different local conditions, but a common legal question justifies their consideration together in this consolidated opinion.
In each of the cases, minors of the Negro race, through their legal representatives, seek the aid of the courts in obtaining admission to the public schools of their community on a nonsegregated basis. In each instance, they had been denied admission to schools attended by white children under laws requiring or permitting segregation according to race. This segregation was alleged to deprive the plaintiffs of the equal protection of the laws under the Fourteenth Amendment. … The plaintiffs contend that segregated public schools are not "equal" and cannot be made "equal," and that hence they are deprived of the equal protection of the laws. Because of the obvious importance of the question presented, the Court took jurisdiction. Argument was heard in the 1952 Term, and reargument was heard this Term on certain questions propounded by the Court.
Reargument was largely devoted to the circumstances surrounding the adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment in 1868. It covered exhaustively consideration of the Amendment in Congress, ratification by the states, then-existing practices in racial segregation, and the views of proponents and opponents of the Amendment. This discussion and our own investigation convince us that, although these sources cast some light, it is not enough to resolve the problem with which we are faced. At best, they are inconclusive. The most avid proponents of the post-War Amendments undoubtedly intended them to remove all legal distinctions among "all persons born or naturalized in the United States." Their opponents, just as certainly, were antagonistic to both the letter and the spirit of the Amendments and wished them to have the most limited effect. What others in Congress and the state legislatures had in mind cannot be determined with any degree of certainty.
An additional reason for the inconclusive nature of the Amendment's history with respect to segregated schools is the status of public education at that time. In the South, the movement toward free common schools, supported by general taxation, had not yet taken hold. Education of white children was largely in the hands of private groups. Education of Negroes was almost nonexistent, and practically all of the race were illiterate. In fact, any education of Negroes was forbidden by law in some states. Today, in contrast, many Negroes have achieved outstanding success in the arts and sciences, as well as in the business and professional world. It is true that public school education at the time of the Amendment had advanced further in the North, but the effect of the Amendment on Northern States was generally ignored in the congressional debates. Even in the North, the conditions of public education did not approximate those existing today. The curriculum was usually rudimentary; ungraded schools were common in rural areas; the school term was but three months a year in many states, and compulsory school attendance was virtually unknown. As a consequence, it is not surprising that there should be so little in the history of the Fourteenth Amendment relating to its intended effect on public education.
In the first cases in this Court construing the Fourteenth Amendment, decided shortly after its adoption, the Court interpreted it as proscribing all state-imposed discriminations against the Negro race. The doctrine of "separate but equal" did not make its appearance in this Court until 1896 in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson, supra, involving not education but transportation. American courts have since labored with the doctrine for over half a century. In this Court, there have been six cases involving the "separate but equal" doctrine in the field of public education. … In more recent cases, all on the graduate school level, inequality was found in that specific benefits enjoyed by white students were denied to Negro students of the same educational qualifications. Missouri ex rel. Gaines v. Canada, 305 U.S. 337;Sipuel v. Oklahoma, 332 U.S. 631; Sweatt v. Painter, 339 U.S. 629; McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637. In none of these cases was it necessary to reexamine the doctrine to grant relief to the Negro plaintiff. And in Sweatt v. Painter, supra, the Court expressly reserved decision on the question whether Plessy v. Ferguson should be held inapplicable to public education.
In the instant cases, that question is directly presented. Here, unlike Sweatt v. Painter, there are findings below that the Negro and white schools involved have been equalized, or are being equalized, with respect to buildings, curricula, qualifications and salaries of teachers, and other "tangible" factors. Our decision, therefore, cannot turn on merely a comparison of these tangible factors in the Negro and white schools involved in each of the cases. We must look instead to the effect of segregation itself on public education.
In approaching this problem, we cannot turn the clock back to 1868, when the Amendment was adopted, or even to 1896, when Plessy v. Ferguson was written. We must consider public education in the light of its full development and its present place in American life throughout[p493] the Nation. Only in this way can it be determined if segregation in public schools deprives these plaintiffs of the equal protection of the laws.
Today, education is perhaps the most important function of state and local governments. Compulsory school attendance laws and the great expenditures for education both demonstrate our recognition of the importance of education to our democratic society. It is required in the performance of our most basic public responsibilities, even service in the armed forces. It is the very foundation of good citizenship. Today it is a principal instrument in awakening the child to cultural values, in preparing him for later professional training, and in helping him to adjust normally to his environment. In these days, it is doubtful that any child may reasonably be expected to succeed in life if he is denied the opportunity of an education. Such an opportunity, where the state has undertaken to provide it, is a right which must be made available to all on equal terms.
We come then to the question presented: Does segregation of children in public schools solely on the basis of race, even though the physical facilities and other "tangible" factors may be equal, deprive the children of the minority group of equal educational opportunities? We believe that it does.
In Sweatt v. Painter, supra, in finding that a segregated law school for Negroes could not provide them equal educational opportunities, this Court relied in large part on "those qualities which are incapable of objective measurement but which make for greatness in a law school." In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, supra, the Court, in requiring that a Negro admitted to a white graduate school be treated like all other students, again resorted to intangible considerations: ". . . his ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession." Such considerations apply with added force to children in grade and high schools. To separate them from others of similar age and qualifications solely because of their race generates a feeling of inferiority as to their status in the community that may affect their hearts and minds in a way unlikely ever to be undone. The effect of this separation on their educational opportunities was well stated by a finding in the Kansas case by a court which nevertheless felt compelled to rule against the Negro plaintiffs:Segregation of white and colored children in public schools has a detrimental effect upon the colored children. The impact is greater when it has the sanction of the law, for the policy of separating the races is usually interpreted as denoting the inferiority of the negro group. A sense of inferiority affects the motivation of a child to learn. Segregation with the sanction of law, therefore, has a tendency to [retard] the educational and mental development of negro children and to deprive them of some of the benefits they would receive in a racial[ly] integrated school system. Whatever may have been the extent of psychological knowledge at the time of Plessy v. Ferguson, this finding is amply supported by modern authority. Any language in Plessy v. Ferguson contrary to this finding is rejected.
We conclude that, in the field of public education, the doctrine of "separate but equal" has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. Therefore, we hold that the plaintiffs and others similarly situated for whom the actions have been brought are, by reason of the segregation complained of, deprived of the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment.


WHOot Contributor Dixie is in the house to show us how to quickly and easily make mini pom poms. They will be the perfect touch to all your favorite projects. Watch the video now.
Pom Poms look super cute and you can make all sorts with them. We recently shared the Pom Pom Rug and you all loved it.
Today you will learn how to make mini pom poms with a fork. You can add them to clothes as decoration, blankets as edging and that's just the beginning.
Grab some yarn scraps and a fork and get ready to follow along with Dixie. You won't believe how easy they are.
Dixie has created this pinnable image to show you exactly what to do. Now all you need to do is work out what you will be adding them to. You could even make a mini version of the Pom Pom rug and turn them into coasters! There are so many options.
Dixie is our WHOot Contributor who is generously sharing her projects and videos with us. We would ask you to please like her on facebook and subscribe to her youtube channel too.
See More Of Dixies Projects Here.


text:
Jeffrey A. Gorski
Jeffrey A. Gorski is a Principal in the Cleveland law firm of Singerman, Mills, Desberg & Kauntz Co., L.P.A., where he focuses his practice on transactional matters in the areas of real estate, corporate law, and mergers and acquisitions.
Email PDF VCard LinkedIn
About Jeffrey A. Gorski
Mr. Gorski has significant experience in commercial real estate transactions, loans and office and retail leasing, as well as corporate transactions, mergers and acquisitions, secured lending, and private debt and equity securities offerings. He represents regional and national shopping center owners, commercial real estate lenders, and various entrepreneurial and corporate clients in all types of transactions.
Mr. Gorski is a member of the Cleveland Metropolitan (member, Corporation, Banking and Business Law Section), Ohio State and American Bar Associations. He also is a member of the International Council of Shopping Centers (ICSC) and has spoken at various ICSC law conferences on a number of topics related to retail leasing.
Mr. Gorski received his Honors B.A. degree from Marquette University in 1990 where he graduated summa cum laude, and earned his J.D. degree in 1994 from Case Western Reserve University School of Law.
Cleveland State Bar Association, Corporation, Banking and Business Law Sections, Member
Ohio State Bar Association, Member
Business Organization and Transactions
Case Western Reserve University Law School, Cleveland, Ohio, 1994
Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 1990
Honors: Summa Cum Laude, With Honors
Ohio, 1994
Ronald J. Teplitzky
President and Principal
Paul J. Singerman
Chairman and Principal
William M. Mills
Gary S. Desberg
Edmund G. Kauntz
Michael R. Stavnicky
Christopher O'Connell
Evan S. Hirsch
Stephen L. Byron
Jeffrey W. Gallup
Troy R. Brown
Jean M. Cullen
Thomas A. FitzSimmons
Stanley T. Jaros
Jacqueline A. Hoelting – Van De Merwe
Dylan Mook
Abbie R. Pappas
Laura T. Pizmoht
Ronald J. Teplitzky Named President of Singerman, Mills, Desberg & Kauntz Co., L.P.A.
Ron Teplitzky has been named President of Singerman, Mills, Desberg & Kauntz Co., L.P.A. (SMDK) to succeed Paul Singerman, who helped found the Firm in 2001 and served as President since then. Mr. Singerman will now become Chairman. Ron Teplitzky, who has been practicing law for more than 30 years, has been with SMDK since […]
Changes to Retirement Account Planning Under the SECURE Act
By Abbie R. Pappas, Esq. and Edmund G. Kauntz, Esq. On December 20, 2019, the President signed into law the Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement ("SECURE") Act. The SECURE Act includes several significant changes to the laws governing qualified retirement accounts (such as IRA and 401k accounts), including the following: Changes to Distribution […]
© 2020 Singerman, Mills, Desberg & Kauntz Co., L.P.A. All rights reserved.


text:
Q: Edit json response from curl response <?php
$json_url = "http://openexchangerates.org/api/latest.json?app_id=xxxxx&callback=angular.callbacks._0";

$curl = curl_init();
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $json_url);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HEADER, false);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HTTP_VERSION, CURL_HTTP_VERSION_1_1);
$response = curl_exec($curl);

$jsonString = json_encode($response, true);
$data=json_decode($jsonString);

echo '<pre>',print_r($data),'</pre>';

$status = curl_getinfo($curl);
curl_close($curl);

The output is:
angular.callbacks._0({
    "disclaimer": "xx",
    "license": "xx",
    "timestamp": 1368136869,
    "base": "USD",
    "rates": {
        "AED": 3.672819,
        "AFN": 53.209,
        "ALL": 107.953875,
        "AOA": 96.358934,
        "ARS": 5.214887,
         ....
        "XOF": 501.659003,
        "XPF": 91.114876,
        "ZMK": 5227.108333,
        "ZMW": 5.314783,
        "ZWL": 322.387247
    }
})

But i need to edit this output to this one (only with three rates (AED/AFN/AOA)). So, basically edit the json response in the section of rates. How can i do that?
angular.callbacks._0({
    "disclaimer": "xx",
    "license": "xx",
    "timestamp": 1368136869,
    "base": "USD",
    "rates": {
        "AED": 3.672819,
        "AFN": 53.209,
        "AOA": 107.953875,
    }
})

A: The $response is not in correct json format:
You must remove the unnecessary parts from it:
$jsonString= substr($response, 21, -1);

You can do:
<?php
$json_url = "http://openexchangerates.org/api/latest.json?app_id=5bf388eb6f7e40209b9418e6be44f04b&callback=angular.callbacks._0";

$curl = curl_init();
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $json_url);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HEADER, false);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HTTP_VERSION, CURL_HTTP_VERSION_1_1);
$response = curl_exec($curl);

$jsonString= substr($response, 21, -1);
$data=json_decode($jsonString, true);

// Get the list of rates
$rates = $data['rates'];

$new_rates = array();
$new_rates['AED'] = $rates['AED'];
$new_rates['AFN'] = $rates['AFN'];
$new_rates['AOA'] = $rates['AOA'];

$data['rates'] = $new_rates;

echo 'angular.callbacks._0('.json_encode($data).')';

$status = curl_getinfo($curl);
curl_close($curl);

A: It's returning a response for jsonp.  You would need that on the client side, but not the server.  You might try:
http://openexchangerates.org/api/latest.json?app_id=xxxxx

(i.e. omit the callback).  Otherwise take a look at their API to see if you can format the request differently to receive pure JSON back without the callback.
If you absolutely can't, then you can just strip off the bad parts:
preg_match('/{.*}/', $response, $matches);
$json = json_decode($matches[0]);

Once you have the valid JSON, it's a simple matter of unsetting:
unset($json->rates->XOF);
//etc.

You could also just write the content you need to some other object if it's easier.
You may want to take a look at the API to see if you can get only specific rates back.

A: Read the JSON string into a PHP mapping array with json_decode, pick only the elements you need, compose a new array with them and finally reserialize it with json_encode.
Note: this method is more robust than a regex/string based one, as it makes sense of what it's being processed, thus allowing for mutation in the structure of the JSON, as long as the elements you need are at their places.
For selecting elements, use:
$keep = array("AED", "AFN", "AOA");
$data["rates"] = array_intersect_key($data["rates"], array_flip($keep));

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange