Content Delivery Networks (CDN) increase the caching capabilities and make websites perform better and run faster. You can increase the loading speed of your Oxwall website by enabling the CDN CloudFlare for it.
You will need to download the CloudFlare Plugin and install it in your Oxwall application. If you are unsure how to do so, please visit our How to install Plugins in Oxwall tutorial.
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Fill out the registration form and click on the green Create Account button.
Now you will be directed to a setup page where you should add the domain on which your Oxwall website is situated. Hit the Scan DNS Records button when you are ready to proceed.
Once the Scan has been completed click on the Continue option. Now you will see all of the records for your domain. Again click on the Continue button to proceed to the plan page.
Here you can choose the plan that best fits your website's description and your needs. Once you have chosen a plan, click on the Continue button.
On this step of the CloudFlare setup you will see your current nameservers and the CloudFlare nameservers to which you should point your domain.
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Now all you will need to do is go to login in your Oxwall Admin dashboard and navigate to Plugins>Installed Plugins>CloudFlare>Settings.
Check the Enable CloudFlare box and hit the Save button.
Note that when you make changes related to the CSS/HTML or PHP/JS code, you will need to clear the cache in CloudFlare.
Congratulations, you have successfully enabled CloudFlare for your account.


KEEP YOUR WORD. Stop lying to your techs. Demonstrate that you are willing to help your techs make money. If not, then take a pay cut along with us, get a smaller house, hit the field with us and follow the same rules you have imposed. I guarantee you will quit after the first hour!!!
Composition of lost drive time and get equipped with the proper equipment.


Equipping secondary schools with 'smart classrooms' remains a government priority in education sector and there is optimism that all public schools will have been connected by 2020, according to Rwanda Education Board (REB).
The aim of smart classrooms is to incorporate ICT into various aspects of the country's education system and revolutionarise teaching and learning systems, said Dr Irénée Ndayambaje, the director general of REB.
The policy seeks to integrate technology in all education processes such as preparation, delivery of lessons, assessments, research among others.
Ndayambaje said the aim is to have all 1,500 schools equipped with smart classrooms but so far only 645 schools are equipped countrywide.
He was speaking on Wednesday in Kigali during a training session for teachers on the use of ICT in schools.
A smart classroom should be equipped with computers connected to the internet with a screen projector among other aspects, officials said.
Ndayambaje said the Ministry of Education is working with other ministries such as the Ministry of Infrastructure to avail electricity and solar energy adopted in areas which are yet to get on-grid electricity.
He said that smart classrooms will bring about positive change both for teachers and learners as the latter would get a wide range of resources, while the former would be taught using a wide range of resources other than using a single book.
He urged the teachers to put into good use the acquired hands-on skills to impart such skills to their colleagues in their respective schools.
In 2014, the Ministry of Education entered a partnership with Microsoft Corporation that seeks to incorporate information and communication technology into various aspects of the country's education sector.


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Live for Speed S1/S2 je seriózní závodní simulace od LFS Teamu, která neobsahuje With an S1 license you can unlock 5 extra cars and 3 extra track areas. Title: Live for Speed S2 Genre: racing,drifting Size MB OS Support: Windows XP/vista/7/8/ Publisher: Scawen Roberts, Eric Bailey.


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What Is Third Person Narrative?
What Does the Omniscient Point of View Mean?
Analysis of the Effects of First Person Narrative Point of View
The Difference Between an Observer and a Participant in a Narrative
What Is a Narrative Perspective?
Definition of Third Person Point of View
James Robert Updated July 20, 2017
Third-person point of view is a narrative mode in which the primary characters within a written work are referred to by their names or relative pronouns. In a third-person story, the narrator observes the primary characters but is not an active participant in the story. There are a number of variations to this mode.
Third-Person Omniscient
The omniscient third-person narrator is privy to all facts and events relating to the story and can convey all characters' thoughts and feelings to the reader.
Third-Person Objective
The objective form limits the narrator's knowledge of the story to observable actions or events. The narrator has no knowledge of the characters' thoughts or feelings.
Third-Person Subjective
In third-person subjective the story is written in the voice of a narrator who is able to convey the thoughts and emotions of only the main character.
Third-Person Limited
Limited form tells the story from the perspective of the focal character, including his or her thoughts and feelings, but is written in the voice of an outside narrator who is unable to convey events not perceived by that character.
A great deal of popular contemporary fiction is written in third-person, including "Lord of the Rings" and the Lemony Snicket books (omniscient) and the Harry Potter books (limited).
James Robert has been a professional music journalist since 2007, with work appearing in print magazines including "American Songwriter," "Country Weekly" and "M Music & Musicians." He has a Bachelor of Arts in creative writing from the University of South Florida in Tampa and is an alumni of the Mike Curb School of Entertainment and Music Business in Nashville.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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2016 Dodge Durango Owners Manual – Substantial and highly processed, the Dodge Durango is no carlike crossover. Neither is it a whole-fledged SUV, clamoring for possibilities to scamper off-road. It's merely a about three-row utility vehicle with outstanding road manners and capacity for durable use. Durango is rear-tire travel, therefore it can take a trailer and go off-road.
For increasing family members, a Durango is sensible. All the more so, if you haul a fishing boat or trailer from time to time. Towing potential can achieve 7,400 kilos with the offered Hemi V8 engine.
This next-era Durango was launched as a 2011 model and improved for 2014 and is carefully associated with the Jeep Grand Cherokee. For 2016 there are few changes. All 2016 Durango models get new tire coatings, and V6 engines obtain stop-commence technology. 4 new body shades are offered, and new physical appearance deals blend gloss dark and body-color describing, which include a new Brass Monkey Physical appearance Package. The monochromatic exterior look is regular on the 2016 Durango Citadel.
Rear-wheel generate is regular, but all-time travel is offered: V8 models get a reduced-range exchange case when V6 models use an easier single-speed system.
Two powerful engines are readily available. The 3.6-liter Pentastar V6 helps make 290 or 295 hp and 260 lb-ft . of torque. Dodge's 5.7-liter Hemi V8 creates 360 horsepower and 390 pound-ft .. Equally engines partner with the outstanding 8-speed automatic transmission. A fashionable rotary selector controls the transmission, and Durangos have paddle shifters.
The Hemi V8 employs tube deactivation to save lots of energy, whilst V6 models now incorporate engine end-start technology. All models have a selectable Eco Method. Regardless of all that technology, don't assume economical motoring, specifically from the V8, however, Durango's petrol-mileage quotations aren't reduced than other huge crossovers.
Durangos have a reliable listing of safety features. Without the need of the available rearview camera and vehicle parking detectors, outward visibility is bad. The Insurance coverage Institute for Highway Safety scored Durango Excellent, its best status, in all of its four checks. The National Freeway Targeted traffic Safety Supervision presented it 4 stars out of 5 various overall: 4 in a frontal collision and 5 various in area accidents.


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GOSSIP/KONKONSA
WORLD STARS
SISSALA MUSIC
MUSIC REVIEW || LYRIFIED AFRICA
GhKasa
Ghana's Fact Hub & More
Photos: Meet Morgan, Jidenna's look alike in Ghana
by Facebook Assemblyman
Listen: Kula - Meye Yie ft. Medikal
Xaa, vocally blessed female act gains attention from Power series...
Xaa, vocally blessed female act gains attention from Power series actor/musician Rotimi
by Facebook Assemblyman 2 weeks ago 2 weeks ago
In Africa and especially a place like Ghana it is difficult for an up and coming act to get the attention needed just to showcase his or her talent. However, this has never hindered some upcoming artists from still pushing their craft and trying hard to make it to the mainstream.
One of such acts is Xaa, a female upcoming musician who mostly displays her talent and vocal dexterity by doing mashups of popular songs across the continent (Africa) and beyond.
Xaa recently uploaded a new mashup video of songs from Rotimi, Kwesi Arthur, Burna Boy, Mr. Eazi and Twitch titled 'Afro Mashup' on her YouTube channel.
She gained the attention of renowned musician cum actor, Rotimi is popularly known for his role as Dre in the American series 'Power'.
Rotimi gave Xaa thumbs up and encouraged her to keep pushing. This indeed has positively influenced Xaa to keep striving for greatness.
You can follow Xaa on all social media platforms, listen to and stream her music on YouTube
For more Xaa
Instagram – @xaaofficial https://www.instagram.com/xaaofficial/
Twitter – @xaaofficial https://twitter.com/xaaofficial
Facebook – Xaa – https://web.facebook.com/Xaa-354973072011993/
What is MashUp
A mashup (also mesh, mash up, mash-up, blend, bootleg is a creative work, usually in a form of a song, created by blending two or more pre-recorded songs, usually by overlaying the vocal track of one song seamlessly over the instrumental track of another. To the extent that such works are "transformative" of original content, in the United States they may find protection from copyright claims under the "fair use" doctrine of copyright law.
The 1990 John Zorn album Naked City features a version of Ornette Coleman's "Lonely Woman" set over the bassline of Roy Orbison's "Pretty Woman". In 1994, the experimental band Evolution Control Committee released the first modern mashup tracks on their hand-made cassette album, Gunderphonic. These "Whipped Cream Mixes" combined a pair of Public Enemy a cappellas with instrumentals by Herb Alpert and the Tijuana Brass. First released on home-made cassettes in early 1992, it was later pressed on 7″ vinyl, and distributed by Eerie Materials in the mid-1990s. The tracks gained some degree of notoriety on college radio stations in the United States.
The name Pop Will Eat Itself was taken from an NME feature on the band Jamie Wednesday, written by David Quantick, which proposed the theory that because popular music simply recycles good ideas continuously, the perfect pop song could be written by combining the best of those ideas into one track. Hence, Pop Will Eat Itself.
The mashup movement gained momentum again in 2001 with the release of the 2 Many DJs album As Heard on Radio Soulwax Pt. 2 by Soulwax's Dewaele brothers, which combined 45 different tracks; the same year a remix of Christina Aguilera's "Genie in a Bottle" was also released by Freelance Hellraiser, which coupled the pop star with the raucous guitars of "Hard To Explain" by New York's The Strokes in an infectious concoction entitled "A Stroke of Genie-us".
Launched in San Francisco in 2003, Bootie was the first club night in the United States dedicated solely to the burgeoning art form of the bootleg mashup, and now[when?] hosts monthly parties in several cities around the globe, including Los Angeles, Paris, Boston, Munich, and New York City. The party's slogan, "Music for the A.D.D. Generation" also inspired the creation of "A.D.D", Israel's first mash-up dedicated party.
Burna Boy, Kwesi Arthur, Mr Eazi, Rotimi, Twitch, Xaa
BUZZDetty Rave, Mr Eazi, Rick Ross
Rick Ross is coming to Ghana for Detty Rave – Mr Eazi confirms
WATCHBurna Boy, M.anifest, Tomorrow
Watch: M.anifest – Tomorrow ft. Burna Boy
LISTENKwesi Arthur, Sarkodie, Who Da Man
Download: Sarkodie ft Kwesi Arthur – Who Da Man
"Welcome Ghana" by Rapper Kwame Dame tops Afrochella Rising Star Playlist
Sarkodie wins first 2019 BET International Flow award
Photos: Rapper Kwame Dame spends time with Entertainment mogul Bola Ray
Download: Beyonce – Already ft Shatta Wale
Listen: Kwame Dame releases "Hill Street" tape
© 2020 JS MEDIA


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Why this National Review global temperature graph is so misleading
Philip Bump
National correspondent focused largely on the numbers behind politics
National correspondent
Dec. 14, 2015 at 11:04 p.m. UTC
The conservative National Review, which has regularly criticized and rejected the scientific consensus on climate change, tweeted the following graph on Monday afternoon.
The graph is correct. It shows the average temperature in each year since 1880, using data from NASA. The problem with it is that it is misleading, using a scale that intentionally hides the actual change in the temperatures. It's akin to suggesting that Shaquille O'Neal and Mini-Me (aka Verne Troyer) are the same height because they're both tiny compared to the planet Jupiter.
Another way of presenting the same data is this:
That shows the gradual increase in global average temperatures over that same time period, which fits with scientific models of a warming planet. If you use a scale similar to the National Review's, though, that change is impossible to see. And there's no reason to show temperatures ranging from -10 to 110, of course. Temperature extremes go outside of those boundaries, too. It's just obfuscation.
So here's a version of that chart going from 0 to 110 degrees. The actual fluctuation over the past 130-plus years is just over 2 degrees, meaning that the scale used in the graph below is about 50 times larger than the fluctuation.
As was noted in the responses to that tweet, applying a similar scale to the national debt changes this ...
... to this.
If the moral of the temperature graph is that we shouldn't worry about warmer temperatures, we then should not worry about the increasing debt, correct?
Or take the Dow Jones Industrial Average. Over the past 100 years, it has shot upward in terms of real dollars.
Or has it?
The scientific consensus on climate change is based on an overwhelming amount of evidence which shows that the Earth is getting warmer. People can refuse to accept that consensus if they wish. But the way National Review is doing it is simply misleading.
Update: Bloomberg Businessweek's graphics team has an entry.


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Posted inPreviews
This Is Not Donald Trump's Band—Chicano Batman Brings Its Popular Brand of Multiculturalism Back to Coachella
by Brian Blueskye April 3rd, 2017 December 16th, 2020
Chicano Batman.
Since the Los Angeles-based band Chicano Batman started in 2008, the group has taken a long and interesting path to success—and after years of independent EPs and album releases, the group recently signed with ATO Records.
On the heels of new album Freedom Is Free, which dropped March 3, the group will be making its second appearance at Coachella on Saturday, April 15 and 22.
During a recent phone interview with guitarist Carlos Arévalo, he discussed the recording of Freedom Is Free.
"The album was recorded in January 2016 over the span of two weeks," Arévalo said. "The album was recorded at the Diamond Mine studio in Long Island City, N.Y., with the producer, Leon Michels. Leon Michels is a former member of the Dap-Kings and played with Sharon Jones when he was 16 years old. He's appeared on numerous recordings, and he was a member of the Black Keys. … We had been writing for (the album) since the summer of 2015."
The recording process with Michels was different for the band, Arévalo said.
"There was a bit more of a direction involved," he said. "Before, we would just record with songs we had, and we would record them the way we'd play them live. For better or worse, that's what you hear. This time, we had a producer, and we would bounce a lot of ideas off of him. He acted as a fifth voice. Often times (before), it'd just be the four of us going democratically. So if there's something not happening, and there are two saying, 'Go this way,' and two going another way, we kind of go nowhere. But it was nice having Leon say, 'No, it should go this way.' We respect his résumé and his musical abilities, so that made it really easy to move forward in finishing the arrangements in some of the songs. There are also backup singers; there's flute and a lot of instrumentation on it, and we said we'd figure that out for a live setting later. We also tightened up our songwriting. We wrote more concise songs and said what we needed to say."
The support of ATO Records is obviously beneficial, Arévalo said, but he added that he and his fellow band members are thankful to those who helped them in the past.
"Everything we've done up until we started working with ATO was pure self-release and completely independent," he said. "We had the help of managers and booking agents … and all of those people before who helped us get to where we are now with a label. The label is very supportive and gives us our creative freedom, and they are going to put our music on a platform that we couldn't put it on ourselves financially, or without those networks being in the music industry."
Chicano Batman has played numerous times in the Coachella Valley, most recently last year in October at The Hood Bar and Pizza. There has never been a gig too big or too small for Chicano Batman over the years as the group built its fan base.
"We're older guys. We're not 21-year-olds who get in the van and tour the country for three months straight," Arévalo said. "We have wives and families, and we were really mindful of how we've toured. We would do touring in two-week spurts. We'd hit up markets that we knew we'd do well in and places we knew there was a fan base. We'd play San Francisco in a 500-capacity room, but we'd go to Atlanta and play to a 250-capacity room, because we hadn't put in the work yet out there. Also, we've been asked to play big festivals and open for big bands. Right now, the way things are looking, we're going toward the bigger rooms. We've been selling out nice-size rooms along the West Coast."
In this age of Donald Trump, Arévalo sees Chicano Batman's multicultural fan base as a beautiful thing and hopes that it inspires people.
"The goal has always been to reach people through art and have a positive message," he said. "That's always been our reality and where we're from. I think being in the music industry and coming up in it, you see that not all stages represent people who look like us. We try to change that and be the best we can be musically, and as people promoting diversity through our music. It's beautiful that we can bring people of all cultures together. If you ever come to a Chicano Batman show, it's a beautiful sight. There are people from all cultures and ethnicities being represented as we grow in popularity. That's a special thing to cherish in these divisive times and people drawing lines in the sand."
The band last year took part in an ad campaign for which it recorded a cover of Woody Guthrie's "This Land Is Your Land."
"During the summer of last year, Johnnie Walker approached us about being part of their ad campaign called 'Keep Walking America,'" Arévalo said. "The idea was to promote and celebrate diversity, which has always been the M.O. of this group, obviously. They approached us, and we thought the message was a strong one, and they were the ones who suggested we record Woody Guthrie's 'This Land Is Your Land.' This happened when Trump was running for president. We were really starting to see the ugliness of people identifying other people by race and trying to differentiate themselves from other people. We thought it was a good message, and the song is a protest song, so it speaks to those ideals about this country, and we felt like it's a big statement for us to be part of something like that. People who look like us aren't really represented in commercials and movies, and we thought it would be an important campaign to take part in."
After its 2015 Coachella debut, Chicano Batman is hoping to make a bigger impact this year.
"We're hoping we get a better time slot this time," Arévalo said. "Last time, we played at 1 in the afternoon, and we were hung over. Aside from that, we're really excited to bring this new production to fruition. We're also touring with backup singers to sing on many of the new album tracks."
Arévalo added that the band is forever thankful to the Coachella Valley for support.
"We have a lot of love for the Coachella Valley. We always make it a point to go out there and play whenever we can," he said. "The Coachella Valley is one of those places that gave us chances when other places weren't giving us chances. We're not going to forget the places that gave us chances when we're playing the Fillmore. People always come up to us and tell us how meaningful it is that we played there, and we're always humbled by that."
Tagged: carlos arevalo, chicano batman, coachella, coachella 2017, coachella valley music and arts festival, freedom is free
Brian Blueskye
A native of Cleveland, Ohio, Brian Blueskye moved to the Coachella Valley in 2005. He was the assistant editor and staff writer for the Coachella Valley Independent from 2013 to 2019. He is currently the...	More by Brian Blueskye


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Computer Arts [CA]: Where did the idea for New York Biotopes come from?
Lena Steinkhler [LS]: "During my last trip to New York, I got the idea to create a short film which combines real footage with 3D elements – due to the fact that New York City has so many different facets. I love the straight architecture and the cosmopolitan feeling. I thought it would be great to create something that adapts to the city and its structures."
CA: Describe your workflow, programmes used and long each stage took?
LS: "I collected film footage in May 2012. In September, I began to select which footage could be suitable for my film. After that, I began modeling and animating 3D objects for the film. And in January 2013 I composed the film and put sound on it.
"For matchmoving and camera tracking I used the programme Vicon Boujou. To place the 3D elements in the real footage, I used Cinema 4D. And for composing and sound, I used After Effects. Making the 3D plants and creatures fit in the existing world was also a big challenge."
CA: How would you describe your style? Who or what influences and inspires you?
LS: "I think my style is colourful and playful, but also structured. Many artists inspire me. For example, the music video What's In It For? by Avi Buffalo. It shows the development of colorful plants that grow because of the positive influence of music. Or, another example: the commercial Eco Technology from Panasonic. The plants and insects are made of the brand's products, like fridges and washing machines."
LS: In 2009 I began to study graphic design at the University of Applied Sciences in Dortmund, and after the first semester I got into motion graphics. I like it because you can see the results very quickly. That's a great motivation. I think I was always interested in creative things.


Edit: I want to give credit to the girl who explained how to do these but she doesn't have a blog that I know of, but thank you Jetpacks!
These are really cute! Do you just draw the lines on with sharpie on top of the splotches?
I can't take credit for the Sharpie idea! But good luck!


text:
Dime Time
Monday, 29th Mar, 2021 by Krilling for Company in Geometry, Mathematics and tagged 4-simplex, 5-cell, equilateral triangles, extra dimensions, fourth dimension, geometry, hyperpyramid, line, math, mathematics, maths, multiple dimensions, pentachoron, pentahedroid, pentatope, Pythagorean equation, recreational math, recreational mathematics, recreational maths, tetrahedral pyramid, tetrahedron | Leave a comment
Everyone knows the shapes for one and two dimensions, far fewer know the shapes for three and four dimensions, let alone five, six and seven. And what shapes are those? The shapes that answer this question:
• How many equidistant points are possible in 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d…?
In one dimension it's obvious that the answer is 2. In other words, you can get only two equidistant points, (a,b), on a straight line. Point a must be as far from point b as point b is from point a. You can't add a third point, c, such that (a,b,c) are equidistant. Not on a straight line in 1d. But suppose you bend the line into a circle, so that you're working in two dimensions. It's easy to place three equidistant points, (a,b,c), on a circle.
Three equidistant points around a circle forming the vertices of an equilateral triangle
And it's also easy to see that the three points will form the vertices of an equilateral triangle. Now try adding a fourth point, d. If you place it in the center of the triangle, it will be equidistant from (a,b,c), but it will be nearer to (a,b,c) than they are to each other. So you can have only 2 equidistant points in 1d and 3 equidistant points in 2d.
But what are the co-ordinates of the equidistant points in 1d and 2d? Suppose (a,b) in 1d are given the co-ordinates (0) and (1), so that a is 1 unit distant from b. When you move to 2d and add point c, the co-ordinates for (a,b) become (0,0) and (1,0). They're still 1 unit distant from each other. But what are the co-ordinates for c? Start by placing c exactly midway between a and b, so that it has the co-ordinates (0.5,0) and is 0.5 units distant from both a and b. Now, if you move c in the first dimension, it will become nearer either to a or b: (0.49,0) or (0.51,0) or (0.48,0) or (0.52,0)…
But if you move c in the second dimension, it will always be equidistant from a and b, because (a,b) stay in the first dimension, as it were, and c moves equally away from both into the second dimension. So where in 2d will c be 1 unit distant from both a and b just as a and b are 1 unit distant from each other in 1d? You can see the answer here:
Height of an equilateral triangle
The co-ordinates for c are (0.5,√3/2) or (0.5,0.8660254…), because the second co-ordinate satisfies the Pythagorean equation 1^2 = 0.5^2 + (√3/2)^2 = 0.25 + 0.75. That is, to find the second co-ordinate of c for 2d, you find the answer to √(1 – 0.5^2) = √(1-0.25) = √0.75 = √(3/4) = √3/2 = 0.8660254….
But you can't add a fourth point, d, in 2d such that (a,b,c,d) are equidistant. So let's move to 3d for the points (a,b,c,d). Begin with point d in the center of the triangle formed by (a,b,c), where it will have the co-ordinates (0.5,√3/6,0) = (0.5,0.28867513…,0) and will be equidistant from (a,b,c). But d will be nearer to (a,b,c) than they are to each other. However, if you move d in the third dimension, it will be moving equally away from (a,b,c). So where in 3d will d be 1 unit from (a,b,c)? By analogy with 2d, the third co-ordinate for d will satisfy the generalized Pythagorean equation √(1 – 0.5^2 – (√3/6)^2). And √6/3 = √(1 – 0.5^2 – (√3/6)^2) = 0.81649658… So point d will have the co-ordinates (0.5,√3/6,√6/3) = (0.5, 0.288675135…, 0.816496581…).
And the four points (a,b,c,d) will be the vertices of a three-dimensional shape called the tetrahedron:
Rotating tetrahedron
But you can't add a fifth point, e, in 3d such that (a,b,c,d,e) are equidistant. So let's move to 4d, the fourth dimension, for the points (a,b,c,d,e). Begin with point e in the center of the tetrahedron formed by (a,b,c,d), where it will have the co-ordinates (0.5,√3/6,√6/12,0) = (0.5,0.28867513…, 0.2041241…, 0) and will be equidistant from (a,b,c,d). But e will be nearer to (a,b,c,d) than they are to each other. However, if you move e in the fourth dimension, it will be moving equally away from (a,b,c,e). So where in 4d will e be 1 unit from (a,b,c,d)? By analogy with 2d and 3d, the co-ordinate for 4d will satisfy the equation √(1 – 0.5^2 – (√3/6)^2 – (√6/12)^2). And √10/4 = √(1 – 0.5^2 – (√3/6)^2 – (√6/12)^2) = 0.79056941… So point e will have the co-ordinates (0.5,√3/6,√6/3,√10/4) = (0.5, 0.288675135…, 0.816496581…, 0.79056941…).
And the five points (a,b,c,d,e) will be the vertices of a four-dimensional shape called variously the hyperpyramid, the 5-cell, the pentachoron, the 4-simplex, the pentatope, the pentahedroid and the tetrahedral pyramid. It's impossible for 3d creatures like human beings (at present) to visualize the hyperpyramid, but we can see its 3d shadow, as it were. And here is the 3d shadow of a rotating hyperpyramid:
Rotating hyperpyramid
N.B. Wikipedia reveals the mathematically beautiful fact that the "simplest set of coordinates [for a hyperpyramid] is: (2,0,0,0), (0,2,0,0), (0,0,2,0), (0,0,0,2), (φ,φ,φ,φ), with edge length 2√2, where φ is the golden ratio."
So that's the hyperpyramid, with 5 points in 4d. But you can't add a sixth point, f, in 4d such that (a,b,c,d,e,f) are equidistant. You have to move to 5d. And it should be clear by now that in any dimension nd, the maximum possible number of equidistant points, p, in that dimension will be p = n+1. And here are the co-ordinates for p in dimensions 1 to 10 (the co-ordinates are given in full for 1d to 4d, then for 5d to 10d only the co-ordinates of the additional point are given):
d1: (0), (1)
d2: (0,0), (1,0), (0.5,0.866025404)
d3: (0,0,0), (1,0,0), (0.5,0.866025404,0), (0.5,0.288675135,0.816496581)
d4: 0.5, 0.288675135, 0.204124145, 0.790569415
d5: 0.5, 0.288675135, 0.204124145, 0.158113883, 0.774596669
d6: 0.5, 0.288675135, 0.204124145, 0.158113883, 0.129099445, 0.763762616
d7: 0.5, 0.288675135, 0.204124145, 0.158113883, 0.129099445, 0.109108945, 0.755928946
d8: 0.5, 0.288675135, 0.204124145, 0.158113883, 0.129099445, 0.109108945, 0.0944911183, 0.75
d9: 0.5, 0.288675135, 0.204124145, 0.158113883, 0.129099445, 0.109108945, 0.0944911183, 0.0833333333, 0.745355992
d10: 0.5, 0.288675135, 0.204124145, 0.158113883, 0.129099445, 0.109108945, 0.0944911183, 0.0833333333, 0.0745355992, 0.741619849
In each dimension d, the final co-ordinate, cd+1, of the additional point satisfies the generalized Pythagorean equation cd+1 = √(1 – c1^2 – c2^2 – … cd^2).
Readers' advisory: I am not a mathematician and the discussion above cannot be trusted to be free of errors, whether major or minor.
Green and Not Heard
Saturday, 27th Mar, 2021 by Krilling for Company in Biology, Botany, Natural History, Photography and tagged beech, Fagus sylvatica, green leaves, greenery, Natural History, photography, sunlight, trees, viriditas | Leave a comment
Sunlit stand of beech, Fagus sylvatica
Lorn This Way
Thursday, 25th Mar, 2021 by Krilling for Company in Literature, Poetry and tagged A.C. Swinburne, Algernon Charles Swinburne, anti-natal, anti-natalism, birth, Cape Horn, condoms, contraception, father, humorous poems, humorous poetry, limericks, prophylactics, rubbers, Swinburne, young man | Leave a comment
There was a young man of Cape Horn,
Who wished that he'd never been born;
And he wouldn't have been,
If his father had seen
That the end of the rubber was torn.
(Possibly by Swinburne)
Proxi-Performative Post-Scriptum
The toxic title of this para-poetic post (incorporating key archaic adjective "lorn", meaning "desolate, forsaken") is a radical reference to core Lady Gaga single "Born This Way" (which, to the best of my recollection, I haven't heard but have heard of…). I originally intended to call the post "Torn This Way", but decided that this adversely and anticlimactically anticipated the punchline of the limerick.
Think Inc
Tuesday, 23rd Mar, 2021 by Krilling for Company in Chaos Game, Fractals, Geometry, Hexagons, Mathematics, Pentagons, Squares and tagged animated gifs, fractal geometry, fractals, geometry, Hexagons, increments, math, mathematics, maths, Pentagons, recreational math, recreational mathematics, recreational maths, Squares, vertex, vertices | Leave a comment
This is a T-square fractal:
T-square fractal
Or you could say it's a T-square fractal with the scaffolding taken away, because there's nothing to show how it was made. And how is a T-square fractal made? There are many ways. One of the simplest is to set a point jumping 1/2 of the way towards one or another of the four vertices of a square. If the point is banned from jumping towards the vertex two places clockwise (or counter-clockwise) of the vertex, v[i=1..4], it's just jumped towards, you get a T-square fractal by recording each spot where the point lands.
You also get a T-square if the point is banned from jumping towards the vertex most distant from the vertex, v[i], it's just jumped towards. The most distant vertex will always be the diagonally opposite vertex, or the vertex, v[i+2], two places clockwise of v[i]. So those two bans are functionally equivalent.
But what if you don't talk about bans at all? You can also create a T-square fractal by giving the point three choices of increment, [0,1,3], after it jumps towards v[i]. That is, it can jump towards v[i+0], v[i+1] or v[i+3] (where 3+2 = 5 → 5-4 = 1; 3+3 = 6 → 2; 4+1 = 5 → 1; 4+2 = 6 → 2; 4+3 = 7 → 3). Vertex v[i+0] is the same vertex, v[i+1] is the vertex one place clockwise of v[i], and v[i+3] is the vertex two places clockwise of v[i].
So this method is functionally equivalent to the other two bans. But it's easier to calculate, because you can take the current vertex, v[i], and immediately calculate-and-use the next vertex, without having to check whether the next vertex is forbidden. In other words, if you want speed, you just have to Think Inc!
Speed becomes important when you add a new jumping-target to each side of the square. Now the point has 8 possible targets to jump towards. If you impose several bans on the next jump, e.g the point can't jump towards v[i+2], v[i+3], v[i+5], v[i+6] and v[i+7], you will have to check for five forbidden targets. But using the increment-set [0,1,4] you don't have to check for anything. You just inc-and-go:
inc = 0, 1, 4
Here are more fractals created with the speedy inc-and-go method:
inc = 0, 1, 4, 7
With more incs, there are more possible paths for the jumping point and the fractals become more "solid":
inc = 0, 1, 2, 4, 5
Now try applying inc-and-go to a pentagon:
(open in new window if blurred)
And add a jumping-target to each side of the pentagon:
And add two jumping-targets to each side of the pentagon:
inc = 0, 2, 12
inc = 2, 11, 13
After the pentagon comes the hexagon:
Add a jumping-target to each side of the hexagon:
A Ladd Inane
Saturday, 20th Mar, 2021 by Krilling for Company in Philosophy, Quotations and tagged Bertrand Russell, Christine Ladd-Franklin, logic, philosophy, quotations, quotes about philosophy, quotes about solipsism, solipsism, solipsist, solipsists | Leave a comment
"I once received a letter from an eminent logician, Mrs. Christine Ladd-Franklin, saying that she was a solipsist, and was surprised that there were no others." — Bertrand Russell, Human Knowledge: Its Scope and Limits (1948)
Peri-Performative Post-Scriptum
The title of this post is, of course, a radical reference to core Jethro Tull album Aladdin Sane (1973).
Friday, 19th Mar, 2021 by Krilling for Company in Chaos Game, Fractals, Geometry, Mathematics, Squares and tagged animated gifs, boolean ban, Chaos Game, fractal geometry, fractals, geometry, math, mathematics, maths, recreational math, recreational mathematics, recreational maths, Squares, vertex, vertex-history, vertices | Leave a comment
In the posts "Boole(b)an #1″ and "Boole(b)an #2" I looked at fractals created by certain kinds of ban on a point jumping (quasi-)randomly towards the four vertices, v=1..4, of a square. For example, suppose the program has a vertex-history of 2, that is, it remembers two jumps into the past, the previous jump and the pre-previous jump. There are sixteen possible combinations of pre-previous and previous jumps: [1,1], [1,2], 1,3] … [4,2], [4,3], [4,4].
Let's suppose the program bans 4 of those 16 combinations by reference to the current possible jump. For example, it might ban [0,0]; [0,1]; [0,3]; [2,0]. To see what that means, let's suppose the program has to decide at some point whether or not to jump towards v=3. It will check whether the combination of pre-previous and previous jumps was [3+0,3+0] = [3,3] or [3+0,3+1] = [3,4] or [3+0,3+3] = [3,2] or [3+2,3+0] = [1,3] (when the sum > 4, v = sum-4). If the previous combination is one of those pairs, it bans the jump towards v=3 and chooses another vertex; otherwise, it jumps towards v=3 and updates the vertex-history. This is the fractal that appears when those bans are used:
ban = [0,0]; [0,1]; [0,3]; [2,0]
And here are more fractals using a vertex-history of 2 and a ban on 4 of 16 possible combinations of pre-previous and previous jump:
Continue reading "Boole(b)an #3"…
Elsewhere other-engageable
• Boole(b)an #1
A Pip of Papyrocentricity #2
Tuesday, 16th Mar, 2021 by Krilling for Company in Book Reviews, Literature and tagged aeroplanes, airplanes, Aviation, book reviews, desert, Elleston Trevor, flight, Flight of the Phoenix, thrillers | Leave a comment
• Flight for Life — The Flight of the Phoenix, Elleston Trevor (1964)
Swan Klong
Friday, 12th Mar, 2021 by Krilling for Company in Fantasy fiction, Simon Whitechapel, Translation, Weird fiction and tagged canals, CAS, Clark Ashton Smith, color, fantasy fiction, Ghìrkýthi mhlóSphálákhtthi mhlóDwèlrthi, literature, mirrors, reflection, short stories, Simon Whitechapel, stories of Yihh, swans, The Swans of Queen Sphalaghd, Translation, water, weird fiction, Yihh, Yihhian | Leave a comment
Ghìrkýthi mhlóSphálákhtthi mhlóDwèlrthi / The Swans of Queen Sphalaghd1
(Translated and edited by Simon Whitechapel)
In the black mirroring surface of the canal, these things: a sky very high and clear, the blue infinite interior of the skull of a god2 brooding beauty and pain into the world; the walls that line the canal, white marble, sharp-edged; the vivid mosaics of precious stone with which the walls are set: oval belladonnic eyes of emerald and obsidian in faces of sculpted mammoth ivory; the mouths of jade3-lipped bayadères leaking ruby threads of wine; the topaz fingers and wrists of rhodolite4-crowned lutanists; quartz-glistered sinews in the arms of capon5-plump eunuchs fanning the dances of turquoise6-skinned odalisques who prance and beck in frozen heated showers of opal-drop sweat.
But all, in the mirroring water, is grey.7
In the black mirroring surface of the canal, these things: a broad slab of basalt to which is bound a naked man8, white against the stone's darkness, black-haired and bound with soft unbreakable bonds of purple silk; on his belly have been painted the red strokes and hooks and curls of the ideogram for death, like the roaring fist-talon and shank of a stooping hawk9 or the opening hungry maw of a leopard10, a splash of red tissues ringed and spiked and shaped by white barbs of teeth.
But all, in the mirroring water, is grey.
In the black mirroring surface of the canal, these things: five swans; their bright, forward-sweeping eyes are set in white, oval-skulled heads that are enwedged with yellow, black-rooted beaks; their white, smooth-feathered, twice-curved necks, slender as stems, are shivered on the ripples of the passage of bodies that are white seed-pods curling to smooth, hooked tails. Five swans, silent white swans. Their beaks are small and regular as the hardened gold heads of the ritual axes of the Temple of the Thanatocrator11, which sound tchlunk tchlunk tchlunk in the skulls of the sacrifices, opening slotted, red-welling ways for the prosempyreal passage of the soul.
In the black, mirroring surface of the canal, this: the white swans clustered on the white body of the sacrifice. Their necks dart and sway, sowing moist red blooms into the fertile milk of his skin. He strains against his bonds, but the necks fall, the heads hammer with steady, unconscious grace, opening the blooms to full flower. In the mirroring water they are beautiful, like strewn blossoms12 for the feet of the Thanatocrator, who dances his hatred into the waking dreams of the world. The sacrifice is dead and the swans are streaked and smirched and spotted with gore, like heavy white flowers in a garden of torture.
Their necks bend and sway, and their beaks open and close, but in the mirroring water their voices are silent, and how may we tell what they say?
1. Trained swans were the favored form of execution under the insane and semi-legendary nymphomane Queen Sphalaghd (1-143 Anno Dominæ; 1137-1279 Anno Secundi Imperii), whose extravagances came nigh to ruining the kingdom before, after many hesitations on and retreats from the threshold, she converted fully to the austere and life-denying doctrines of the Thorn-God in the final lustrum of her nigromantically prolonged life.13 She was canonized by the Temple thirteen years after her death.
2. An obvious reference to the Thorn-God, and in another context the Yihhian (mhló)Kiùlthi might be translated "(of) the god", but the use of the non-hieratic noun marker gives the flavor of the indefinite article in English and contributes to the sense of brooding anonymity in the story.
3. This is believed to be a satirical reference to Yokh-Tsiolphë's own religion (see note 8 below), that of the Moon-Deity, whose abstemious priestesses wore strongly colored make-up while performing their ritual dances under the full moon.
4. From its use in other texts retrieved oneirically from the Temple, the hieroglyph appears to refer to some rose-colored semi-precious mineral, and I have chosen to translate the word as "rhodolite": coronemus nos rosis antequam marcescant ("let us crown us with roses before they be withered", Sapientia Solomonis 2:8) was a sentiment accepted in its widest possible sense at the week-long feasts held during the long years of Queen Sphalagdh's dissipation.
5. Possibly a castrated form not of the domestic hen (Gallus domesticus) but of the peacock (Pavo cristatus).
6. Again a possible satirical reference to the priestesses of the Moon-Deity.
7. Mirrors in the Temple were only of dark minerals, principally basalt, haematite, and black coral (Gorgonia spp), for the priests taught that color was one of the snares of sensuality by which the world entrapped men's souls. Accordingly, possession of a fully reflecting mirror was an excommunicable offence for members of the Thorn-God's congregation.
8. The story is believed to refer to the execution of a nobleman called Yokh-Tsiolphë (Yugg-Siurphë in some texts), who had offended the Queen either by refusing to sacrifice his eldest son and daughter to the Thorn-God or (as most scholars now believe) by falling under suspicion of having composed an anonymous pasquinade against the Thorn-God which was briefly circulated at the royal court in 38 A.D./1174 A.S.I. The execution would have been one of the earliest signs of the Queen's growing regard for the Thorn-God.
9. The Yihhian here is a little unclear and the reference is perhaps to the Osprey (Pandion haliætus), which was second only to the Great Grey Shrike (Lanius excubitor) in the ornithomancy of the Temple.
10. The Yihhian kiuthi literally means "spotted one" and can refer to several species of animal; "leopard" seems the most appropriate translation in this context.
11. Niédýthithlà (mhló)Nhriúlr, literally "deathly lord('s)", was a title of the Thorn-God, but the foreign derivation of the words in Yihhian means it is perhaps best translated into English as "thanatocrator".
12. Blossoms of gorse (Ulex spp) and other spinose plants were thrown beneath the feet of dancing priests during rituals at the Temple, and many of the Temple's hymns refer to osmomancy, or divination by the scents released from the crushed petals.
13. She is said to have been planning another round of the puerile and puellar sacrifices with which she purchased her unnatural youth at the time of her death, occasioned when she slipped on trampled petals in the Temple of the Thorn-God whilst approaching the altar for blessing and was impaled on the silver thorns topping a newly erected altar-rail. Some contemporary commentators hinted at numerological significance in her death, saying that the priests of the Thorn-God had persuaded her that by laying down her life at that age she would regain it at the beginning of the next cosmic cycle. It is possible, therefore, that the encephalotomy and cardiotomy of her ritual mummification were feigned.
Witch Switch
Thursday, 11th Mar, 2021 by Krilling for Company in Aesthetics, Album Art, Art, Language, Music and tagged abandonment, art, black metal, Burning Witch, complexity, darkness, despair, doom metal, future, Greg Anderson, heavy metal, left-to-right, less is more, metal album covers, metal logos, Norway, Norwegian art, Norwegian artist, past, reading, right-to-left, Roman alphabet, sadness, script direction, simplicity, sludge metal, snow, snowscape, Sorgen, Sorrow, Southern Lord, Stephen O'Malley, Sunn O))), Theodor Kittelsen, writing | Leave a comment
Below is one of the best album-covers I've ever seen. It's a triumph of subtlety and simplicity:
Burning Witch, Crippled Lucifer (1998)
The American blackened doom sludge-sters Burning Witch used Sorgen / Sorrow (1894-5), a painting by the Norwegian painter Theodor Kittelsen (1857-1914), to conjure an atmosphere of despair and darkness. Here is the original painting, skilfully combining snow, darkness and despair:
Theodor Kittelsen, Sorgen (1894-95)
But while the painting and album are good examples of less-is-more, the album is also an example of less-and-more. Part of its power comes from the contrast between the simplicity of the wandering figure and the complexity of the scripts used for the band's name and album title:
Crippled Lucifer (detail)
Usually images are more detailed than writing. Here it's the reverse. And while you can easily read the writing, despite its complexity, you can't "read" the figure, despite its simplicity. Kittelsen's skilful simplicity raised questions that can't be answered. Is the figure male or female? Why is it sorrowful? Where is it going?
Well, you can say where it's going in one sense: it's walking from left-to-right. And that made me wonder whether the album could have become even starker in its contrasts. If you're literate in Norwegian or English, you naturally read images from left-to-right, because that's the direction of the Roman alphabet. On the album, you read the figure and the writing in the same direction. They contrast starkly in other ways, but they don't contrast there. So let's try making them contrast there too. Compare these two versions of the cover:
Crippled Lucifer (original cover)
Crippled Lucifer (figure-and-snowscape mirrored)
I think there's something emptier and more despairing in the mirrored figure, walking from right-to-left. On the original cover, the figure is in some sense walking into the future, despite the weight of sorrow it carries. As we read from left to right along a piece of writing, what's to the left of our eye is the past, and what's to the right is the future. The figure carries the same implication. And because the figure moving towards the highly-complex-but-perfectly-intelligible band-name-and-title, there's almost an implication that its story will be told, even if it's moving towards death or suicide.
When the image is mirrored, all that disappears. Moving from right-to-left, the figure seems to be walking into the past, not the future. It's no longer near or moving towards the complexity-and-intelligibility of the band-name-and-title. It's abandoning the world more strongly: there's no hope, no future, no implication that its story will be told.
I think the same happens, though less strongly, when the original painting is contrasted with a mirrored version:
Sorrow (original)
Sorrow (mirrored)
The contrast is less stark because, unlike the album-cover, there's no complex patch of writing in the painting and the figure is moving away from what writing there is: the artist's signature in the bottom left. In the original, the figure is abandoning identity and intelligibility by moving away from the signature. That's why I've removed the signature in the mirrored version of the painting. It would be anomalous on the right, whether or not it was mirror-reversed, and it would be anomalous if it stayed on the left.
Finally, here's a photo of two musicians in Sunn O))), the band into which Burning Witch eventually evolved:
Sunn O))) in black robes
In the original, Stephen O'Malley and Greg Anderson are walking from right-to-left. Here's a mirrored version for comparison:
Sunn O))) photo (mirrored)
I think the original photo has more power, because the robed figures are walking against the grain, as it were — against the direction in which our Roman-alphabet-conditioned eyes read a photo.
A Pip of Papyrocentricity
Wednesday, 10th Mar, 2021 by Krilling for Company in Book Reviews, Literature, Translation and tagged humor, Nikolai Gogol, Russian language, short stories, The Collected Tales, Translation | Leave a comment
• A Goggle at Gogol — review of The Collected Tales of Nikolai Gogol, translated by Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky (Granta 1998)


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file  	Api.cpp

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file  	Application_test.cpp

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file  	DOStmtOutput_test.cpp

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file  	GetProject.cpp

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file  	ProjectData_test.cpp

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file  	ProjectTable.cpp

file  	ProjectTable.h [code]

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file  	ProjectTable_test.h [code]

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file  	Screen.cpp

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There are many minor and niche break crops, such as oats and linseed, which can bring many benefits to a crop rotation. This page aims to help you grow a more profitable break crop.
This is your starting point for identifying which crops to grow, how to grow them and address challenges such as weed and disease control.
Mechanical weeders: What are the options?
Arable Horizons: Biocontrol - will holy grail be reality?


text:
William Speight III
Lifetime learning is essential to career development. But it also can be a model for others to follow.
That is the case with William Speight III. "I was an older worker out of high school for about three decades when I joined the Employee Scholar Program. I wanted to motivate my younger daughter to continue her schooling by obtaining a degree myself." That is when he began pursuing a bachelor's degree in business management from Albertus Magnus College.
Today William is a jet engine test inspector, conducting daily checks on multiple engine models to ensure the highest quality for Pratt & Whitney customers.
In addition to his education serving as a positive example for his family, William's efforts gave him the expertise to advance his professional life. "I now better understand the business needs of Pratt & Whitney and how to meet them," he says. "The aerospace industry is changing rapidly. Lifetime learning is essential."
People, Innovation
90 Years of Innovation: Kevin Grechika


text:
Man killed in wreck on U.S. 74
Joyce Orlando @Star_J_Orlando
Jul 29, 2019 at 11:54 AM Aug 2, 2019 at 4:58 PM
One man is dead after a five-vehicle wreck brought traffic to a standstill on U.S. 74.
The crash happened at 11 a.m. Monday on the eastbound side of the highway at the intersection of Westlee Street near Lattimore. Highway patrol believes the deceased man failed to reduce the speed of the tractor-trailer he was driving as other vehicles stopped at the traffic light.�
The 18-wheeler plowed into the back of a box truck setting off a chain reaction that included Lawerance Gray.
The Richmond man was headed home with his wife after visiting his in-laws in Hendersonville and didn't know anything was wrong until he was hit.
"We were two cars ahead of the car that was first hit," Gray said as he stood next to the crushed back end of his Mercedes SUV.
After hitting the box truck, the tractor trailer went off the right side of the road. The box truck was rammed into another SUV, which hit Gray's. Another small sedan was damaged also.
Gray was one of eight people involved in the wreck. His wife was among�four transported from the scene to the hospital. None of them sustained life-threatening injuries, according to Highway Patrol.
The names of the injured and deceased had not been released as of Monday afternoon.
Click here for additional footage from the scene.
The crash left debris scattered across�the highway. Power poles were snapped in half, and traffic lights torn down.
Gray said he is�thankful that his family is OK. He looked on as emergency workers tried to get to the man inside the mangled cab of the 18-wheeler.
"I'm just praying for that guy's family," Gray said.
A line of traffic backed up as crews worked�to try and save the truck driver's life.
Firefighters from multiple agencies came with Jaws of Life to try and pull him out of the metal cage the cab had become. It took almost an hour to free him.
A portion of the highway was closed and a detour put into place. N.C Department of Transportation anticipated the road would be completely reopened by�9 p.m. Monday.
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text:
Q: Is there a way to update status for different transactions done by a single user? A user has Many Funds transactions and I want to update the status for one from pending to active when I click on the button.
I'm using this model:
public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('funds', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->bigIncrements('id');
            $table->unsignedBigInteger('user_id');
            $table->string('accnumber')->nullable();
            $table->text('Remarks')->nullable();
            $table->text('acc_type')->nullable();
            $table->string('status')->default('pending');
            $table->rememberToken();
            $table->timestamps();

            $table->index('user_id');
        });
    }

Then I created the index.blade.php with with a foreach loop with buttons to update the default status from pending to active:
 @foreach($user as $user)

                             {{ $user->accno }}
                            {{ $user->accnumber }}
                             {{ $user->Remarks }}
                            {{ $user->acc_type }}

                                <input data-id="{{$user->id}}" class="toggle-class" type="checkbox" data-onstyle="success" data-offstyle="danger" data-toggle="toggle" data-on="Active" data-off="InActive" {{ $user->status ? 'pending' : '' }}>

                        @endforeach

I'm doing this from a tutorial online and I want to implement this for myself using this controller:
public function changeStatus(Request $request)
    {
        $user = User::find($request->user_id);
        $funds = $user->Funds()->status;
        $funds = $request->status;
        $user->save();

        return response()->json(['success'=>'Status change successfully.']);
    }

A: If you want to change status of all transactions of a single user:
public function changeStatus(Request $request)
{
    $user = User::find($request->user_id);

    $user->Funds()->update(['status', $request->status]);

    return response()->json(['success' => 'Status changed successfully.']);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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We can only applaud heartwarming initiatives like this one from Vicky & Mattias. We see concepts like these arise in times of need, need for a different way of shopping, a different way of discovering new brands. Timeless but limited, special non the less, with a focus on the story of the maker. Giving a face to product is essential in this day and age. We've had enough of anonymous products, we want transparency and we long for craftsmanship once more. Being more and more willing to pay the price for it once again.
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What is the best Linux operating system to use if you are getting started?
I am a Computer Science student looking into developing a stronger Linux background. I plan to buy a new harddrive and install a partition to it.


This is a practical class which empowers the student to develop positive thinking skills. This classic text provides lucid explanations of exactly how spiritual laws operate in our lives. These laws are utterly reliable, and this class shows the student how to use this knowledge to benefit every area of living.


TORONTO – The Ontario Confederation of University Faculty Associations (OCUFA) is pleased to announce the winners of its prestigious Teaching and Academic Librarianship Awards. Since 1973, these awards have recognized exceptional contributions made by professors and librarians to the quality of higher education in Ontario.
· Susan Vajoczki, Professor in the School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University. This is a posthumous award.
The 40th annual awards ceremony will take place at the Westin Harbour Castle Hotel in Toronto on September 28, 2013.


text:
Hayas Haseer Koya
Manju Paul
Russell McAllister
Jason Widrich
Daniel Sizemore
Shock is a life-threatening manifestation of circulatory failure. Circulatory shock leads to cellular and tissue hypoxia resulting in cellular death and dysfunction of vital organs. Effects of shock are reversible in the early stages and a delay in diagnosis and/or timely initiation of treatment can lead to irreversible changes including multiorgan failure (MOF) and death.
Shock is characterized by decreased oxygen delivery and/or increased oxygen consumption or inadequate oxygen utilization leading to cellular and tissue hypoxia. It is a life-threatening condition of circulatory failure and most commonly manifested as hypotension (systolic blood pressure less than 90 mm Hg or MAP less than 65 mmHg). Shock is the final manifestation of a complex list of etiologies and could be fatal without timely management. There are mainly four broad categories of shock: distributive, hypovolemic, cardiogenic and obstructive.[1] The wide range of etiologies can contribute to each of these categories and are manifested by the final outcome of shock. Undifferentiated shock means that the diagnosis of shock has been made; however, the underlying etiology has not been uncovered.
1. Distributive Shock
Characterized by peripheral vasodilatation.
Types of distributive shock include:
Septic shock
Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction resulting from dysregulated host response to infection.[2] Septic shock is a subset of sepsis with severe circulatory, cellular, and metabolic abnormalities resulting in tissue hypoperfusion, manifested as hypotension which requires vasopressor therapy and elevated lactate levels (more than 2 mmol/L)
Most common pathogens associated with sepsis and septic shock in the United States are gram-positive bacteria, including streptococcal pneumonia and Enterococcus.
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a clinical syndrome of vigorous inflammatory response caused by either infectious or noninfectious causes. Infectious causes include pathogens such as gram-positive (most common) and gram-negative bacteria, fungi, viral infections (e.g., respiratory viruses), parasitic (e.g., malaria), rickettsial infections. Noninfectious causes of SIRS include but are not limited to pancreatitis, burns, fat embolism, air embolism, and amniotic fluid embolism
Anaphylactic shock is a clinical syndrome of severe hypersensitivity reaction mediated by immunoglobulin E (Ig-E), resulting in cardiovascular collapse and respiratory distress due to bronchospasm. The immediate hypersensitivity reactions can occur within seconds to minutes after presentation of the inciting antigen. Common allergens include drugs (e.g., antibiotics, NSAIDs), food, insect stings, and latex.
Neurogenic shock
Neurogenic shock can occur in the setting of trauma to the spinal cord or to the brain. The underlying mechanism is the disruption of autonomic pathway resulting in decreased vascular resistance and changes in vagal tone.
Endocrine shock
Due to underlying endocrine etiologies such as adrenal failure (Addisonian crisis) and myxedema.
2. Hypovolemic Shock
Hypovolemic shock is characterized by decreased intravascular volume and increased systemic venous assistance (compensatory the mechanism to maintain perfusion in the early stages of shock). In the later stages of shock due to progressive volume depletion, cardiac output also decreases and manifest as hypotension. Hypovolemic shock can be divided into two broad subtypes: hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic.
Common causes of hemorrhagic hypovolemic shock include
Gastrointestinal bleed (both upper and lower gastrointestinal bleed (e.g., variceal bleed, portal hypertensive gastropathy bleed, peptic ulcer, diverticulosis) trauma.
Vascular etiologies (e.g., aortoenteric fistula, ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, tumor eroding into a major blood vessel).
Spontaneous bleeding in the setting of anticoagulant use (in the setting of supratherapeutic INR from drug interactions).
Common causes of nonhemorrhagic hypovolemic shock include:
GI losses - the setting of vomiting, diarrhea, NG suction or drains.
Renal losses - medication induced diuresis, endocrine disorders such as hypoaldosteronism.
Skin losses/insensible losses - burns, Steven Johnson syndrome, Toxic epidermal necrolysis, heat stroke, pyrexia.
Third-space loss - in the setting of pancreatitis, cirrhosis, intestinal obstruction, trauma.
3. Cardiogenic Shock
Due to intracardiac causes leading to decreased cardiac output and systemic hypoperfusion. Different subtypes of etiologies contributing to cardiogenic shock include:
Cardiomyopathies - include acute myocardial infarction affecting more than 40% of the left ventricle, acute myocardial infarction in the setting of multi-vessel coronary artery disease, right ventricular myocardial infarction, fulminant dilated cardiomyopathy, cardiac arrest (due to myocardial stunning), myocarditis.
Arrhythmias - both tachy- and bradyarrhythmias.
Mechanical - severe aortic insufficiency, severe mitral insufficiency, rupture of papillary muscles, or chordae tendinae trauma rupture of ventricular free wall aneurysm.
4. Obstructive Shock
Mostly due to extracardiac causes leading to decrease in the left ventricular cardiac output
Pulmonary vascular - due to impaired blood flow from the right heart to the left heart. Examples include hemodynamically significant pulmonary embolism, severe pulmonary hypertension.[3]
Mechanical - impaired filling of right heart or due to decreased venous return to the right heart due to extrinsic compression. Examples include tension pneumothorax, pericardial tamponade, restrictive cardiomyopathy, constrictive pericarditis.
Distributive shock is the most common type of shock followed by hypovolemic and cardiogenic shock. Obstructive shock is relatively less common. The most common type of distributive shock is septic shock and has a mortality rate between 40% to 50%.
Hypoxia at the cellular level causes a series of physiologic and biochemical changes, resulting in acidosis and a decrease in regional blood flow which further worsens the tissue hypoxia.[4] In hypovolemic, obstructive, and cardiogenic shock there is a decrease in cardiac output and decreased oxygen transport. In distributive shock, there is decreased peripheral vascular resistance and abnormal oxygen extraction. Excitement is a spectrum of physiologic changes, ranging from early stages which are reversible to final stages which are irreversible with multiorgan failure and death. Generally, shock has the following three stages:
Pre-shock or compensated shock - As the name suggests, this stage is characterized by compensatory mechanisms to counter the decrease in tissue perfusion, including tachycardia, peripheral vasoconstriction, and changes in systemic blood pressure
Shock - During this stage, most of the classic signs and symptoms of shock appear due to early organ dysfunction, resulting from progression of the pre-shock stage as the compensatory mechanisms become insufficient.
End-organ dysfunction - This is the final stage, leading to irreversible organ dysfunction, multiorgan failure, and death
A focused history should be obtained from the patient (if feasible) and/or patient's relatives. Also, a review of the patient's outpatient medical records (information regarding risk factors, medications, and trend of baseline vital signs including blood pressure), as well as hospital medical records, could give valuable clues regarding the patient's risk for shock and potential etiology. Clinical features and symptoms can vary according to the type and stage of shock. Most common clinical features/labs which are suggestive of shock include hypotension, tachycardia, tachypnea, obtundation or abnormal mental status, cold, clammy extremities, mottled skin, oliguria, metabolic acidosis, and hyperlactatemia.[5][6] In addition, features pertaining to the underlying cause of the shock can also be present.
Patients with hypovolemic shock can have general features as mentioned above as well as evidence of orthostatic hypotension, pallor, flattened jugular venous pulsations, may have sequelae of chronic liver disease (in case of variceal bleeding).
Patients with septic shock may present with symptoms suggestive of the source of infection (example-skin manifestations of primary infection such as erysipelas, cellulitis, necrotizing soft-tissue infections), and cutaneous manifestations of infective endocarditis.
Patients with anaphylactic shock can have hypotension, flashing, urticaria, tachypnea, hoarseness of voice, oral and facial edema, hives, wheeze, inspiratory stridor, and history of exposure to common allergens such as medications or food items the patient is allergic to or insect stings.
Tension pneumothorax should be suspected in a patient with undifferentiated shock who has tachypnea, unilateral pleuritic chest pain, absent or diminished breath sounds, tracheal deviation to the normal side, distended neck veins and also has pertinent risk factors for tension pneumothorax such as recent trauma, mechanical ventilation, underlying cystic lung disease).
In a patient with undifferentiated shock, diagnostic clues to pericardial tamponade as the etiology include dyspnea, the Beck triad (elevated jugular venous pressure, muffled heart sounds, hypotension), pulses paradoxus, and known risk factors such as trauma, the recent history of pericardial effusion, and thoracic procedures.
Cardiogenic shock should be considered as the etiology if the patient with undifferentiated shock had chest pain suggestive of cardiac origin, narrow pulse pressure, elevated jugular venous pulsations or lung crackles, and significant arrhythmias on telemetry or EKG.
Resuscitation should not be delayed while investigating the etiology of undifferentiated shock. Physicians should have a high clinical suspicion for the presence of shock and an attempt to stratify the severity of the shock should also be done to assess the need for emergent or early interventions. Evaluation of undifferentiated shock should begin with a thorough history and physical examination.
Besides telemetry monitoring, a 12-lead electrocardiogram should be obtained. ECGs might show evidence of acute coronary syndrome, arrhythmias or provide diagnostic clues suggestive of pericardial effusion or pulmonary embolism.
Laboratory tests in a patient with undifferentiated shock should include a CBC and differential, renal and liver function tests, serum lactate level, cardiac biomarkers, D-dimer level, coagulation profile, type and screen for a possible blood transfusion if appropriate (if concern for hemorrhagic shock), blood and urine cultures, and blood gas analysis. Initial imaging studies recommended in patients with undifferentiated shock and hypotension include chest x-rays to look for the source of infection such as pneumonia, complications of shock such as ARDS, clinical findings supporting the diagnosis of pulmonary edema in cardiogenic shock, widened mediastinum in aortic dissection. CT scans can also assist in unmasking the etiology of shock in appropriate clinical scenarios. Point of care ultrasonography or focused cardiac ultrasound is also a useful bedside diagnostic tool.[7]
The initial approach to management is stabilization of airway and breathing with oxygen and oral mechanical ventilation when needed. Peripheral IV or intraosseous infusion (IO) access should be obtained. Central venous access may be needed in the setting of shock if there is difficulty securing peripheral venous access or the patient needs prolonged vasopressor therapy or large volume resuscitation. Immediate treatment with intravenous (IV) fluid should be initiated followed by vasopressor therapy, if needed, to maintain tissue perfusion. Depending on the underlying etiology of shock, specific therapies might also be needed.
Septic shock - initial aggressive fluid resuscitation with IV isotonic crystalloids 30 mL/kg within 3 hrs with additional fluid based on frequent reassessment, empiric antibiotic therapy within one hr. [8] For patients with septic shock requiring vasopressors, target a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 65 mmHg. The first choice of vasopressor is a norepinephrine with the addition of vasopressin if refractory.[9]
Anaphylactic shock - aggressive IV fluid resuscitation with 4 to 6 L of IV crystalloids. Stop the offending agent, intramuscular epinephrine, antihistamines, corticosteroids, nebulized albuterol.
In adrenal crisis - judicious fluid resuscitation, IV dexamethasone.
Hypovolemic shock - obtain two large-bore IVs or central line. Place the patient in the Trendelenburg position. Aggressive IV fluid resuscitation with 2-4 L of isotonic crystalloids. PRBC transfusion if ongoing bleed. Appropriate medical or interventional strategies to treat the underlying etiology. Continue with isotonic crystalloids and use vasopressors if needed
Obstructive shock - the judicious use of IV crystalloids. If shock persists, early initiation of vasopressors-norepinephrine is the first choice and add vasopressin if refractory. Continue IV fluids but monitor very closely.
If acute massive pulmonary embolism -thrombolysis. Judicious use of IV fluids has paradoxical worsening of hypotension; it may develop due to severe right ventricular dilatation and septal bowing compromising left ventricle filling.
If tension pneumothorax - needle thoracotomy followed by tube thoracotomy. If cardiac tamponade-pericardiocentesis, significant clinical improvement is possible, even with minimal fluid removal).
Cardiogenic shock - if unstable tachyarrhythmia or bradyarrhythmias, initiate ACLS protocol and cardioversion. Judicious use of IV fluids in the absence of pulmonary edema. Consider inotropes (dobutamine is the most commonly used agent) or intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), if refractory shock, and vasopressor (norepinephrine) with inotropes.
If STEMI - consider a thrombolysis or coronary revascularization procedures and or IABP.
Uncovering the etiology of undifferentiated shock is very important. In a patient presenting with undifferentiated shock, the differential diagnosis includes a wide variety of etiologies which falls under the four major categories of shock as outlined above. Also, sometimes patients can have a combination of shock syndromes. Another differential is "pharmacological shock" which results from vasodilatation or myocardial depression from medications (e.g., benzodiazepines, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, opiates, anticholinergics, and sildenafil).
Sepsis and septic shock, in general, are associated with long-term morbidity and mortality, with many of the survivors requiring placement into long-term acute care facilities or post-acute care centers.[10][11] Septic shock has a mortality rate between 40% and 50%. Cardiogenic shock has a mortality rate ranging from 50% to 75%, an improvement over prior mortality rates. Hypovolemic and obstructive shock generally have much lower mortality and respond better to timely treatment.
Shock is a clinical manifestation of circulatory failure and is associated with high morbidity and mortality.
There are broadly four types of shock: distributive, cardiogenic, hypovolemic, and obstructive.
An accurate diagnosis requires a good understanding of underlying pathophysiology, clinical, biochemical, and hemodynamic manifestations of the different types of shock.
Serum lactate level is a useful risk stratification tool in managing undifferentiated shock.
Timely diagnosis and initiation of appropriate therapy are of paramount importance as it can prevent progression to the reversible shock, multiorgan failure, and death.
Treatment includes hemodynamic stabilization and correction of underlying etiology of shock.
Shock - Questions
Which of the following is the appropriate initial volume of fluid resuscitation administered to a pediatric patient at the onset of shock?
750 mL of saline uniformly
1 liter of saline
20 mL/kg of 0.45 percent sodium chloride with 5 percent glucose
20 mL/kg of Ringer lactate
What is the therapeutic goal in treating shock?
To restore normal intravascular volume
To restore adequate tissue perfusion
To restore a blood pressure of greater than 120/80 mmHg
To normalize urine output (0.5 to 1 ml/kg/hour)
Which of these hemodynamic profiles is incorrectly paired with its physiologic state? (CO = cardiac output, SVR = systemic vascular resistance, and PAW = pulmonary artery wedge pressure)
Normal: CO = 5.0 L/min, SVR = 1000 dyns/cm2, PAW = 10 mmHg
Cardiogenic shock: CO = 2.4, SVR = 2020, PAW = 18
Anaphylactic shock: CO = 2.8, SVR = 1900, PAW = 2
Early septic shock: CO = 9.2, SVR = 200, PAW = 4
Which is false about shock?
Cardiogenic shock presents with warm extremities
Cardiac output is decreased in cardiogenic shock
Hypotension and tachycardia are common
Neurogenic shock occurs with spinal cord injury
Which of the following is the best indicator of adequate shock resuscitation?
Serum bicarbonate
Skin capillary refill
Urine output
Cellular swelling in the setting of shock is linked to membrane changes that result in which of the following consequences?
A rapid influx of potassium into the cell
Serum calcium levels that are elevated
Influx of sodium and water into the cell
A normal functioning Na/K+ ATPase pump
In pediatric patients requiring volume hydration during shock, what is the initial fluid volume to be given?
1000 ml NS saline as a bolus
250 ml of 5 percent albumin
20 ml/kg of Ringer's lactate
Base fluids on amount of urine output
Which is not true of shock?
Closed fracture of the pelvis can cause shock
Drowsiness occurs
Sepsis can cause a low SVR
Fluid is required in cardiogenic shock with pulmonary edema
A 2-year-old boy in shock requires volume hydration. What is that initial fluid volume that should be started and at what rate should it be started?
500 mL NS saline as a bolus
50 mL of 5 percent albumin
Based fluid status on blood pressure
When given for septic shock, what is the greatest advantage of corticosteroids?
Increased vascular reactivity to catecholamines
Decreased pulmonary resistance
Increased oxygenation
Which of the following is no longer indicated for the routine treatment of trauma patients in shock?
Cervical spine stabilization
Pneumatic anti-shock garment (PASG)
Endotracheal intubation
Which of the following is a sign or symptom of shock?
Systolic blood pressure (SBP) <90 mm Hg
Sustained pulse >120 or <50
Select the characteristic that is most common with the progressive or hypoperfusion phase of shock.
Lactic acidosis
Activation of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Neurohumoral reflexes
Activation of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system
Which of the following is true regarding assessment of shock?
Monitoring blood pressure closely will allow early diagnosis of shock
Patients on beta blockers demonstrate tachycardia
Tachycardia, skin perfusion, and respiratory rate are the earliest indicators
Pregnant patients demonstrate vital sign changes early in hypovolemic shock
What is shock?
Inadequate oxygen delivery to the tissues
Cardiac output more than 3 L/min
Systolic blood pressure greater than 100 mmHg
Diastolic blood pressure greater than 50 mmHg
Which of the following statements regarding shock is correct?
The body cannot metabolize glucose
The body is in a state of multisystem organ failure
The body cannot perfuse tissues properly
The body is resistant to antibiotics
Shock is classified into four types. Which of the following is not a state of shock?
Hypervolemic
Cardiogenic
Cardiac tamponade and tension pneumothorax can lead to shock. What kind of shock is caused by these conditions?
Obstructive shock
Distributive shock
Cardiogenic shock
Hypovolemic shock
Which of the following should be monitored in a client who is decompensating and progressing to a state of shock? Select all that apply.
Shock - References
Vincent JL,De Backer D, Circulatory shock. The New England journal of medicine. 2014 Feb 6 [PubMed]
Angus DC,van der Poll T, Severe sepsis and septic shock. The New England journal of medicine. 2013 Aug 29 [PubMed]
Smulders YM, Pathophysiology and treatment of haemodynamic instability in acute pulmonary embolism: the pivotal role of pulmonary vasoconstriction. Cardiovascular research. 2000 Oct [PubMed]
Barber AE,Shires GT, Cell damage after shock. New horizons (Baltimore, Md.). 1996 May [PubMed]
Seymour CW,Liu VX,Iwashyna TJ,Brunkhorst FM,Rea TD,Scherag A,Rubenfeld G,Kahn JM,Shankar-Hari M,Singer M,Deutschman CS,Escobar GJ,Angus DC, Assessment of Clinical Criteria for Sepsis: For the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA. 2016 Feb 23 [PubMed]
Kraut JA,Madias NE, Lactic acidosis. The New England journal of medicine. 2015 Mar 12 [PubMed]
Shokoohi H,Boniface KS,Pourmand A,Liu YT,Davison DL,Hawkins KD,Buhumaid RE,Salimian M,Yadav K, Bedside Ultrasound Reduces Diagnostic Uncertainty and Guides Resuscitation in Patients With Undifferentiated Hypotension. Critical care medicine. 2015 Dec [PubMed]
Hylands M,Moller MH,Asfar P,Toma A,Frenette AJ,Beaudoin N,Belley-Côté É,D'Aragon F,Laake JH,Siemieniuk RA,Charbonney E,Lauzier F,Kwong J,Rochwerg B,Vandvik PO,Guyatt G,Lamontagne F, A systematic review of vasopressor blood pressure targets in critically ill adults with hypotension. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie. 2017 Jul [PubMed]
Howell MD,Davis AM, Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock. JAMA. 2017 Feb 28 [PubMed]
Shankar-Hari M,Phillips GS,Levy ML,Seymour CW,Liu VX,Deutschman CS,Angus DC,Rubenfeld GD,Singer M, Developing a New Definition and Assessing New Clinical Criteria for Septic Shock: For the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA. 2016 Feb 23 [PubMed]
Cecconi M,Evans L,Levy M,Rhodes A, Sepsis and septic shock. Lancet (London, England). 2018 Jul 7 [PubMed]
The intent of StatPearls is to provide practice questions and explanations to assist you in identifying and resolving knowledge deficits. These questions and explanations are not intended to be a source of the knowledge base of all of medicine, nor is it intended to be a board or certification review of Anesthesiology. The authors or editors do not warrant the information is complete or accurate. The reader is encouraged to verify each answer and explanation in several references. All drug indications and dosages should be verified before administration.
StatPearls offers the most comprehensive database of free multiple-choice questions with explanations and short review chapters ever developed. This system helps physicians, medical students, dentists, nurses, pharmacists, and allied health professionals identify education deficits and learn new concepts. StatPearls is not a board or certification review system for Anesthesiology, it is a learning system that you can use to help improve your knowledge base of medicine for life-long learning. StatPearls will help you identify your weaknesses so that when you are ready to study for a board or certification exam in Anesthesiology, you will already be prepared.
Our content is updated continuously through a multi-step peer review process that will help you be prepared and review for a thorough knowledge of Anesthesiology. When it is time for the Anesthesiology board and certification exam, you will already be ready. Besides online study quizzes, we also publish our peer-reviewed content in eBooks and mobile Apps. We also offer inexpensive CME/CE, so our content can be used to attain education credits while you study Anesthesiology.


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text:
Сулейман Байрам огли Татлієв (, село Даг-Кесаман, тепер Агстафинського району, Азербайджан — , місто Баку, Азербайджан) — радянський азербайджанський державний діяч, голова Президії Верховної Ради Азербайджанської РСР, 1-й заступник голови Ради міністрів Азербайджанської РСР. Член Центральної Ревізійної Комісії КПРС у 1986—1990 роках. Депутат Верховної Ради Азербайджанської РСР 8—11-го скликань. Депутат Верховної Ради СРСР 10—11-го скликань, заступник голови Президії Верховної Ради СРСР у 1986—1989 роках.

Життєпис
Народився в родині робітника. Навчався в середній школі. З десятого класу мобілізований до Радянської армії.

З 1943 по 1945 рік — в Радянській армії, учасник німецько-радянської війни. Був важко поранений і демобілізований з армії.

У 1946 році закінчив Газахську міську середню школу.

У 1946—1951 роках — студент хімічного факультету Азербайджанського державного університету імені Кірова.

У 1951—1956 роках — інженер-технолог Новогрозненського нафтопереробного заводу Грозненської області РРФСР.

У 1956—1961 роках — начальник цеху, заступник головного інженера, заступник начальника центральної науково-дослідної лабораторії Сумгаїтського заводу синтетичного каучуку Азербайджанської РСР.

Член КПРС з 1959 року.

У 1961—1963 роках — завідувач відділу Управління хімічної і нафтопереробної промисловості Ради народного господарства (раднаргоспу) Азербайджанського адміністративного економічного району.

У 1963—1965 роках — заступник завідувача відділу хімічної і нафтопереробної промисловості ЦК КП Азербайджану, інспектор Закавказького бюро ЦК КПРС.

У 1965—1970 роках — начальник управління хімічної промисловості Ради міністрів Азербайджанської РСР.

У 1970—1978 роках — керуючий справами Ради міністрів Азербайджанської РСР.

У липні 1978 — грудні 1985 року — 1-й заступник голови Ради міністрів Азербайджанської РСР.

30 грудня 1985 — 22 червня 1989 року — голова Президії Верховної Ради Азербайджанської РСР.

З червня 1989 року — персональний пенсіонер союзного значення в місті Баку.

У 1994—2014 роках — президент Торгово-промислової палати Азербайджанської Республіки.

Помер 9 березня 2014 року в місті Баку.

Нагороди
 Орден «Шохрат» (Азербайджан) (22.02.2005)
 орден Дружби (Російська Федерація) (27.12.2004)
 Орден Жовтневої Революції
 Орден Вітчизняної війни І ст.
 Два ордени Трудового Червоного Прапора
 Орден «Знак Пошани»
 Медалі
 Почесні грамоти Президії Верховної Ради Азербайджанської РСР

Примітки

Джерела
 Официальные лица Азербайджана выразили соболезнования в связи с кончиной Сулеймана Татлыева

Депутати Верховної Ради СРСР 10-го скликання
Депутати Верховної Ради СРСР 11-го скликання
Члени КПРС

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
March 1, 2021|In Company News|2 Minutes
Pango Group Celebrates Its 25th Anniversary
Words cannot begin to express our gratitude for all of our people, partners, and communities that helped us make this anniversary a reality!
For over two and a half decades, Pango Group has strived to be the leader in escrow. From being recognized for its secure systems to bestowing grace and kindness to everyone the organization interacts with, to being known for its immense knowledge and expertise, the company plans to continue with its mission of enhancing the lives of its people, partners, and communities for many more years to come.
Here's what Pango Group's CEO, Scott Akerley, had to say about this incredible milestone: "I feel incredibly fortunate to be surrounded by such amazing people daily. Even though I've been doing this for two and a half decades, I have just as much passion, excitement, and love for everyone in this organization as I did on day one. I'm so grateful for you all and can't wait to see what the future holds for our organization!"
Pango Group President Jeff Russell added, "I am so proud of Scott for starting this company on his own and so proud to be a part of this organization. I'm proud to be part of a company that gives so many people the opportunity to be all they ever thought they could be. I never knew I could love what I do so much, and I thank you for that. It's been an incredible 20 years for my family and me, and an amazing 25 years for you and this company."
Pango Group's 25th Anniversary was definitely worthy of celebration, but due to taking the necessary precautions around COVID-19, the company postponed the festivities until a later date.
Until then, we wanted to extend a huge thank you full of appreciation and gratitude to everyone who has supported us along the way. We look forward to supporting you and your escrow needs for many more years to come!


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A Multi-Mix Media Approach Drives New Product Awareness
When it comes to launching a new product, understanding what inspires consumers to try something new is key. The methods to reach and engage consumers vary, but a recent Nielsen global survey of respondents with Internet access indicates that a mix of media and word of mouth advertising garner the most success in raising consumer awareness.
According to new research from Nielsen, in-store discovery (72%) tends to be the largest driver of new product awareness. TV (59%) and print (54%) advertising are leading influencers as well. Of the 21 methods reviewed in the study, however, the advice of family and friends (77%) is the most persuasive when looking for information about new products. Other top methods around the world include receiving a free sample (70%), searching the Internet (67%), and professional/expert word-of-mouth advice (66%).
Globally, the most persuasive awareness drivers, as ranked by the likeliness to purchase a new product when learned via these methods, include a mix of all activities. The survey highlights that word-of-mouth communication spurred by social media and Internet usage is growing in importance. Consumers increasingly find the Internet and mobile are compelling vehicles to get information about new products. However, potential reach and ease of execution varies substantially.
The findings are from the Nielsen Global Survey of New Product Purchase Sentiment, which surveyed more than 29,000 respondents with Internet access from 58 countries about new product awareness. The survey uncovers current consumer sentiment when it comes to purchasing new products, which product categories are enjoying the most interaction and what information sources are influencing new product purchase activity.
For more detail and insight, download Nielsen's Global New Product Report.
global advertising
https://www.nielsen.com/eg/en/insights/article/2013/a-multi-mix-media-approach-drives-new-product-awareness/
Merging Tables and Aisles
For more than 100 years, the share of money Americans spent at the store for the food and beverages they would later eat at home remained fairly constant. But change is inevitable, and our habits have finally started to shift.
Global Ad Spend Rises 2.4% in Q2 2012
Global ad spend rose to $139 billion USD in Q2 2012, a moderate 2.4 percent gain over Q2 2011, according to Nielsen's quarterly Global AdView Pulse report. In a continuing trend, emerging markets saw the most significant increases. The Middle East and Africa grew 19.6 percent compared to Q2 2011,...
U.S. Ad Spend Increased 2% in 2012 On Strong 3Q
Hampered by an historic hurricane and the looming fiscal cliff but buoyed by a presidential election and the summer Olympics, advertisers managed a 2 percent jump on ad spend in 2012 over 2011, according to Nielsen. On a year-over-year basis, advertising expenditures increased 1 percent in the...


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Diaea bengalensis är en spindelart som beskrevs av Biswas och Mazumder 1981. Diaea bengalensis ingår i släktet Diaea och familjen krabbspindlar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

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bengalensis