Module 3 1. In which of the following places would a transistor battery be the best power-source choice?
When both inputs of an R-S flip flop is 1: .The transfer curve of Shockley's equation is not for: .this logic statement makes no sense 24.Ammeter shunt is useful because: .Power diodes mostly used: .both square wave & triangular 21.14.silicon 26.Typical dropout voltage for the 7812 fixed positive voltage regulator: .resulting output can be absurd 25.effective value is same as that of original ac signal 27.Operating frequency range of SCR: .enhancement-type MOSFET 16.Disk ceramic capacitor have a value of: .Paper capacitor might have a value of: .0.Output of full wave rectifier: .4mV 22.100 pf 19.Typical dropout voltage range for the 7812 fixed positive voltage regulator: . what is the state X not Y: .01 uf 20.Common-emitter of bipolar transistor ckt: .increase the inductance 15.mV 23.If X is high & Y is low.above 50 kHz 18.Ferromagnetic core is placed in an inductor to: .emitter is at signal ground 17.Timer 556 voltage controlled oscillator produce: .
Used to design and manufacture products .Fourth generation language for database retrieval .corresponds to a unique combination of resistance & reactance 39.ferromagnetic 30.Can be permanently magnetized .… can be accomplished by: .query language 31.hypertext 37..A type of computer which is faster because it has fewer instructions .… to minimize seek time .Personal computer acts as a terminal .RISC 33.is up to 6 accurate digits or more 40.CAD/CAM 38.it allows measurement of a wide range of currents 28.A typical frequency counter: .zone recording 35.Assigning sector at the outer disk track: .Advantage of FETVM over conventional voltmeter under test .How many diodes are conducting in FWR when charging capacitor: -2 .cylindrical method 32.draws less current from the ckt 29.emulation 34.audio tone 36.When data is transmitted over a long distance telephone line. the digital highs & lows are generally represented by: .Shown in an RC plane .
How many class B amplifier must be used to have a full cycle: -2 46.class C 45.Square wave: .Mass advertising via internet: .time during w/c the diodes are conducting 42.linear taper potentiometer 53.Barcode for products: .foreground 47.Safeguard against theft & alteration of data .an analog output voltage is proportional to the digital input voltage 49.Level of the output voltage of ladder network conversion: .Conduct less than 180 degrees of a cycle: .41.Priority program: .Period when capacitor filter charged in a full-wave rectifier: .can handle more current .Meter sensitivity test measurements: .spamming 51.How can simple power supply filter be constructed: .Zener diode is usually used in: .only odd harmonics 50.DES 52.power supply regulating ckt 44.Advantage of rheostat over potentiometer: .by placing a capacitor parallel to DC output 43.UPC 48.
150:1 64.Not a linear/digital IC .passive filter 66.less flow of alternating current 55.Bundle of basic software that work together: .Ratio of width to the center layer of transistor: .multivibrator 58.comparator 63.Instrument used to measure precise measurement of harmonic component of a distorted signal .electromagnet 65.When a ferromagnetic material is placed near a coil .wave analyzer 61.Program where sabotage depends on certain condition .straight towards the right .Cascaded transistor using a positive feedback Input of the 1st stage . it is maximum at zero & decreases ____ as reverse bias is increase: .If the resistance increases & Xc = 0 of RC plane .54.bomb 56.When the absolute value of impedance is high: .exponentially 62.311 IC is an 8-pin DIP which functions as: .Layers of SCR -4 60.conductance & inductive susceptance 67.suite 57.Point "southeast" of a GB plane .A variable capacitor has a transition capacitance that is affected by a reverse bias potential.Response time of cadmium sulfide (CdS) in photo conductive cell: .100 ms 59.
A component that discharges filter capacitor when power supply is switched off: .Positioning of headings & columns for a report format . next step is: .After stating pseudocode.68.The ___ model is limited to a particular operating condition if it required to be accurate: .Specifying the kind of input.I2R losses is lower 72.current limiting resistor 69.hybrid equivalent 76.both cross the origin 78. it is the ability of an object to interpret a message using its own method: .To avoid needless heating of a transistor implore: .polymorphism 71. process & output required in the program: . "What you are" criterion in computer system: .bleeder resistor 70.When a control unit directs ALU to perform an operation: .printer spacing char: 73.third step 74.When the control unit gets instruction: .biometrics 79.coding program 81.In computer. Most stable oscillator ckt: .I-time 77.quartz crystal 80.High voltage is better that low voltage in a long distance electric power transmission because: .False statement regarding DC load line in comparison of VDT & self bias .SDLC has ____ phase: -5 75.
LED & photodiode 94.control the gain 84.Backward-working electric motor: .Convert electrical signal to visible radiant energy: .When VA power is equal to the true power: .Technique whereby part of the computer is stored on disk and brought to memory into execution: .virtually zero 83.Reason why CDs do not wear out: ..electric generator 89.Optoisolator .nothing touches the disk 93.25% 90. the amplifier gain is greater than ____: .LED 87.How many optoisolator does LIT ISO Q1 16 has: -4 .Op amp usually employs negative feedback to: .reactance is equal to zero 88.defining the problem 82.Maximum efficiency of Class A amplifier when directly or series fed connected .virtual storage 85.29 86.Level of the voltage between the input terminal of op-amp .Management of operating system is handled by: .In phase shift oscillator.supervisor program 92.utilities 91.Prewritten standard file handling computer: .
95.167 .capacitance increases 100. Several small disk packs work together as a unit: .RAID .vanishes when power is removed 99.step down unit 96.Electron beam in an electrostatic CRT is bent by: .Can be recharged & therefore used again & again: .When the distance between the plates decreases: .Data in a volatile memory: .electric field 98.A transformer which has a secondary-to-primary turns ratio of 0.secondary cell 97.


text:
Q: Программирование компьютерной графики Всем привет.Я работаю программистом в области web.
Имею хорошую базу в виде C++.
Уже давно мучает желания сменить направление на gamedev.
А именно хотелось бы попробовать себя в роли программиста компьютерной графики.
Может кто посоветовать с чего начать? Интересуют самые азы.То есть,может есть хорошая книга по графике ? Я имею ввиду не конкретная спецификация (вроде opengl or directx) а именно необходимая база.
Буду весьма благодарен.Спасибо

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Apple has made it clear how you should wear your Apple Watch
Friday, October 18, 2019, 08:06 am PT (11:06 am ET)
You don't need advice on how to wear any other watch, but Apple Watch comes with activity and health sensors that are affected by how you put it on, and Apple has now made it perfectly clear how it wants you to wear it.
The Watch needs to be tight against your skin to work, but not so tight that it irritates or is uncomfortable.
If your Apple Watch is insisting you've only done 3 minutes of exercise today, the first thing to do is get up and walk around. But the second thing is to check just how accurate that figure is.
We've all had oddities such as sudden Move Goal accomplishments when swear we've just been on the couch for an hour. When it's your activity ring that doesn't appear to tie up with reality, look at how you're wearing the Watch.
This applies to all Apple Watches and in particular to all bands you have with it. However, bands where you have buckles and adjustment holes are probably more affected than ones with a loop.
What has to happen
While much of the Apple Watch's fitness capabilities comes through having internals such as an accelerometer to measure movement or provide fall detection, it also has an array of sensors on the back. If you've ever seen someone wearing an Apple Watch too loosely, you've seen a bright green light coming from the back. This is the optical heart sensor, which uses photoplethysmography to calculate your heart rate.
That back of the Watch, though, must be kept in contact with your skin for that optical and an electrical heart rate sensor to work. The Taptic Engine expects you to be wearing it snugly, and the Wrist Detect feature has to have that skin contact.
Apple even provides a diagram recommending the right fit.
Apple's diagram on how to wear Apple Watch correctly
Similarly, Apple also says that the sensors in Apple Watch only work correctly when positioned against your skin at the top of your wrist. If you have small wrists, you need to find a way to tighten the strap to make it fit correctly. You may already familiar with adding extra adjustment holes to old Watch straps, but it's harder to make yourself do it with expensive Apple ones.
Instead, look for a loop band. Apple currently sells around a dozen of what it calls Sport Loops, each for $49. It also stocks leather loops or a Milanese metal loop in silver, gold or space black, each for $99.
Amazon stocks loop bands for Apple Watch for anywhere down to ten bucks.
One perhaps unexpected piece of advice from Apple is that you could tighten your band when you're doing a workout, then loosen it again afterwards. This helps with the sensors during the workout, but also avoids potential skin irritation.
The Goldilocks solution
Getting that balance of not too tight, not too loose, but just right, can take some experimentation —and will likely vary with every band you have. But, there is further overall advice about helping the Apple Watch do what it needs to. Apple advises that you keep both the Watch and your bands clean, particularly when you use it for workouts.
The way you clean your Apple Watch itself involves switching it off. If your band is one of Apple's leather one, you should also remove it.
Then you can wipe the Watch clean with non-abrasive, lint-free material. To clean the band, you do much the same thing by removing it and using a non-abrasive cloth.
Subscribe to AppleInsider on YouTube
Apple Watch works whether you wear it on your left or right wrist, and it does so by rotating the screen to be the correct side up for you. In either case, Apple's preferred way of your wearing it has the Digital Crown on the side of the watch nearest the top of your wrist. You can use the same screen rotation feature, though, to put the watch on the other way around.
Before the Apple Watch Series 4, that was even helpful for the accuracy of another feature, Siri, because it placed the microphone on the side nearest your face. Now that the microphone is on the other side, there's no practical advantage to wearing the Watch upside down —unless that feels more comfortable.
Apple Watch is the first and so far only Apple device that's been intended to be worn directly on your person all day. Even the AirPods are more limited because of their battery life.
So taking the time to try adjusting the fit, or using different bands, is worth it.
Editorial: Mac Pro puts the pedal to Metal in Apple's race with Nvidia
Review: Deebot 661 sweeps and mops your floors so you don't have to

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


St Andrew's Church has been converted for use both as a place or worship and also for comunity events.
The pews have been removed and we have 30 comfortable chairs and a number of others that can be provided as needed.
A number of large and small tables are available for use.
The kitchen is well stocked with an oven, microwave, cutlery, crockery, glasses and ovenware. Hot water is provided.
A grassed area adjoins the Church and can be used for outdoor activities.
The maximum numbers permitted are 75, depending on the tye of event.
Get directions to Moulton, St Andrew's Church Opens Google Maps in a new window.
Bookings can be made by email.


On out, 2:30pm Pinelake Standard Time.
IMPORTANT START INFO: Park in the lot by the skate park and playground, not by the pool. To get there, find the intersection of Adams St. and Spring St. If coming from Spring, turn left onto Adams, and follow it into the lot.
I will be your last-minute hare for this week, but it's a decent trail, dependent on my familiarity with the area. 50/50 shiggy/road mix. Walkers directions available, if desired.
Volunteers needed to hare trail! You can sign up more than one week in advance, if you want!
Bring the usual-- dry clothes for end, firewood if it's cold, thirst for quality beer, hunger for orange food made in a lab, virgins with same, any and all sucking accessories.


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Arcesilaus () was one of Alexander the Great's generals.

Following the death of Alexander, Arcesilaus was allotted Mesopotamia in the Partition of Babylon in 323 BCE, which he may have administered since as early as 331 BCE.  He supported Perdiccas, and may have been deposed or forced to flee his satrapy for this reason.  Nothing concrete is known about him after 323 BCE, but it is also believed that he may have been an opponent of Seleucus.  In any case, by the Partition of Triparadisus in 320 BCE, Arcesilaus had fallen from influence, as he was replaced in his satrapy by Amphimachus.

References

Generals of Alexander the Great
Satraps of the Alexandrian Empire
4th-century BC Macedonians
Year of birth unknown

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Lunden is one of 8 districts in Örgryte borough, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Lunden is situated immediately to the east of the central area of Gothenburg. Lunden has 10206 inhabitants (2005).

History
In the beginning, many of the buildings were smaller family houses, but were later replaced by larger apartment buildings, mostly of the Landshövdingehus type, in the 1920s and 1930s.

Geography
Lunden is located in Örgryte borough, which contains 7 more distinct:
 Bagaregården
 Kärralund
 Kallebäck
 Olskroken
 Redbergslid
 Skår
 Överås

External links
Satellite Map of Lunden, Gothenburg

Gothenburg


Airport T Stop station and Harvard Kennedy School were moved both moved to accommodate snow removal. Both stations will remain open throughout the winter riding season.
The Airport T Stop has moved one black closer to the East Boston YMCA. The station is now located at the corner of Marion St and Bremen St.
Harvard Kennedy School at Bennett St / Eliot St has returned to it's original location. It is now located closer to the street and remains at the corner of Bennett St and Elliot street.
Use the Hubway app to verify the location and availability of your intended station before your trip.


The 21st century Chindon-ya san in New York City! This big band plays Japanese pop, rock, enka, anime, pre-war and post-war, Okinawan, and even Korean songs.
They often creates a circle of bon-odori dance with the audience members involved with their mission "to make the world more happyfunsmile." Please visit happyfunsmile website and check out for their songs and gigs on schedule.
Kossan and beautiful children, Miyarabi plays all Okinawan songs from classic to the recent pop numbers. The sound of Sanshin will take you to an immediate trip to the southern islands of Japan. Request a song when you see him in NYC subway! Please visit Kossan's official websitefor gig schedule.
Miyarabi appeared in the Talent Night for both days and performed Okinawan song medley!
Other show included Samurai Sword Fighting, Faune Dance's Classic Gala, Yosakoi, Japanese Drum, Talent Night as well as Artists Booth and Food Booth.
Where Eagles Dare Studio "Black Bird"
Kossan collaborates with various types of Japanese performers.
Giri and Ninjo world of prewar Yakuza with a lone wolf Tokijiro on jorney struggling to quit the underworld. A master of popular literature and Kabuki's sewa-mono in the early Showa period (1926-1989), playwright Shin Hasegawa's laguage is collaborated with western guitar sound and wooden clapper in NY style.


text:
Lee Eun Young (Busan, 1954) is een Nederlandse kunstenares afkomstig uit Zuid-Korea. Zij maakt tekeningen, grafiek, collages, assemblages en ruimtelijke installaties.

Leven en werk
Lee Eun Young (die haar familienaam 'Lee' op Koreaanse wijze vooraan plaatst) studeerde van 1972 tot 1976 aan de Hongik Universiteit in Seoel en vervolgde haar studie van 1978 tot 1981 aan de École des Beaux-Arts in Parijs.

In 1981 was zij te gast aan de AKI te Enschede, ontwierp een kunstenaarsboek en reisde met de kunstenaarsgroep 'Synergism' naar Zweden voor deelname aan een groepsexpositie in Lund. Later in dat decennium reisde zij naar New York en ontmoette de Koreaanse videokunstenaar Nam June Paik in zijn atelier aldaar. Zij exposeerde bij de GBK en toonde een installatie in het Museum voor Moderne Kunst in Arnhem.

In 1993 had zij een tentoonstelling in het Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen in Amsterdam. In 2005 was haar werk te zien in het Yushun Museum in Harbin in China: Human, Nature and Arts en in Seoel: Environment and Art.  Sommige van haar projecten worden uitgewerkt binnen het maatschap Lanters en Lee; in samenwerking met de beeldhouwer Carel Lanters, met wie zij sinds 1982 getrouwd is. In 2013 exposeerde zij haar werk op thematentoonstellingen in Arnhem, Gistel in België en Tel Aviv.

Werkbeschrijving
Zij werkt veelal in gemengde techniek op verschillende ondergronden waaronder diverse soorten papier, acrylplaat en glas. Zij maakt tekeningen, grafiek, collages, assemblages, mozaïeken en boekobjecten. Ook kan haar beeldend werk de vorm aannemen van sieraad, kleding- en meubelstuk.

In haar composities gebruikt zij symbolen en relicten uit de oosterse en de westerse cultuur zoals geisha en crucifix. Hierbij put zij uit haar persoonlijke verzameling van curiosa en kunst en kiest soms ook inspiratiebronnen uit officiële archieven en museumcollecties. In haar grafiek gebruikt zij onder andere zelfportretten en historische foto's.

Musea (selectie)
Musea die haar werk bezitten zijn onder andere:
 Museum voor Moderne Kunst Arnhem
 Museum Het Valkhof, Nijmegen
 Van Abbemuseum, Eindhoven

Tentoonstellingen (selectie)
 1984: Museum voor Moderne Kunst, Arnhem: Installatie
 1993: Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen, Amsterdam: Lee Eun Young
 1996: Radboud Universiteit/Volkenkundig Museum, Nijmegen: The Dust Collectors
 2000: Museum voor Moderne Kunst, Arnhem: Photography
 2002: Museum Het Valkhof, Nijmegen: Alhambra
 2003: De Paraplufabriek, Nijmegen: Zucht
 2004: Museum voor Moderne Kunst, Arnhem: Made in Arnhem. MIA
 2005: De Buytensael, Arnhem: Azië in Arnhem
 2007: Oude Kerk, Amsterdam: Art Moves
 2008: Oude Kerk, Amsterdam: Art in Redlight. AIR4
 2011: Espace Enny, Laag Keppel: Who is Afraid of Oriental Girls?
 2012: Stedelijk Museum De Lakenhal, Leiden: Parelen in kunst, natuur & dans
 2012: Museum Elburg, Elburg: In Gesprek. Reacties op collectiestukken
 2013: Landgoed Museum Bronbeek, Arnhem: Bronbekers in beeld
 2017: Museum Kurhaus Kleef: 13. Salon der Künstler

Referenties

Nederlands beeldend kunstenaar


Stephen Spencer is an experienced musician playing bass guitar and upright bass with over 10 years' experience. He has completed an Arts Degree (2011) and a Graduate Diploma of Secondary Education (2012). He has performed with professional orchestras, including the Melbourne Philharmonic, and performed as part of a combined professional orchestra accompanying the most recent production of Tchaikovsky's 'Swan Lake' with the Australian Conservatoire of Ballet at Hamer Hall in December 2013 and a European tour with the Chamber Strings of Melbourne and the Melbourne University Choral Society, January 2014. He performs regularly for musical production companies across Melbourne, including an award winning production of Jason Robert Brown's 'Parade' (2012). He has extensive experience as a bass guitar player, playing in a punk band with regular gigs around Melbourne between 2003-2007. He believes that music provides food for the soul. He provides an encouraging, stimulating environment. Beginners/Intermediate.


text:
There's... Johnny!
83%Comedy-Drama1 Season
Ian Nelson, Jane Levy, Roger Bart
Andy, a young man from Nebraska, stumbles into a job at "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson," where he tries to find his way and prove himself during a period of political and cultural upheaval.
Free Episodes8 Episodes
Free Episodes (8)Season 1 (8 Episodes)
Andy Goes to Hollywood
Episode 126 mins
Andy Klavin travels from his native Nebraska to Burbank, Calif., where he stumbles into a job.
When Andy is given his first important task at work, a series of bad things happens.
Owed to Joy
Joy argues for equal pay at work while juggling family drama; the writers take Andy on an outing.
Andy calls his parents in Nebraska with good news, but he ends up getting news about his brother.
Johnny Carson finds himself entangled in an extortion plot; Johnny gets high for the first time.
Joy and Andy take a much-needed weekend getaway at Angelo's party house in Palm Springs.
The Anniversary Show
The 10th anniversary show doesn't go as planned; Andy stumbles on an invaluable discovery.
More to Come: A Tonight Show Documentary
A look at "The Tonight Show" and its continued impact on the comedy industry.
Larrymania
Stream thousands of hours of hit movies and TV shows, plus the latest in news, sports and pop culture.
Start watching There's... Johnny!
An email and password is all it takes


text:
Police Identify Woman Found Dead in Charles River
By Staff Reports	• Published July 11, 2019 • Updated on July 12, 2019 at 7:05 pm
Police have identified a woman whose body was found in Boston's Charles River.
The woman was pulled from the river around 7:30 a.m. Wednesday after being spotted by a rower near the Massachusetts Avenue Bridge.
Friday, state police said the woman has identified as a 23-year-old Mission Hill resident.
The latest news from around the state
4,283 New COVID-19 Cases, 67 Deaths Reported in Mass.
There were no signs of foul play, police said.
The woman's name is not being released.
BostonMike PescaroKarla Rendon-AlvarezCharles Riverwater


Take a look at some of my spring coloring pages. Add to those fun spring activities with these free coloring pages. Our spring coloring pages are perfect for preschool elementary school children to print , , kindergarten color. Spring coloring pages. Super coloring - free printable coloring pages for kids free colouring book, black , line art , illustrations, clipart, white free pictures, coloring sheets, printable pictures drawings. Educational Fun Kids sheets Coloring Pages and Preschool Skills Worksheets. There are also some fun Spring Printables at Classroom Doodles. Free coloring sheets for spring.
Bingo Dauber Art Sheets Birthday coloring pages Circus coloring pages. These worksheets are a fun a activity to keep kids entertained on a rainy spring day. Bee sheets Coloring Pages Spring Coloring Pages Coloring Sheets For Kids Coloring Pages For Grown Ups Free Printable Coloring Pages Free Coloring Coloring Books Free Printables Spring Crafts Forward Co zrobić z dziećmi tej wiosny - Nasze Kluski. Free coloring sheets for spring. Who doesn' t love the spring time?
Check out my Flower Coloring Pages while you are at it. Outer Space Food. com is a super fun for all ages: for boys teenagers , toddlers, girls, preschoolers , adults, kids older kids at school. New Pages, New Possibilities Explore the latest line art! Decorate your pictures with crayons markers, paint, buttons, pom poms. Make your world more colorful with printable coloring pages from Crayola. We have springtime coloring pages to print for all ages – , for school, home church. Hedgie Blasts Off!
sheets Spring coloring pages for preschool elementary school sheets children to print , kindergarten color. Choose your favorite spring colors! Printable Spring Coloring Pages. Spring is the perfect time to get creative! This is an addition to our free adult coloring pages series so if you are looking for even more be sure to read to the bottom of this post. Free Printable Coloring Pages. They' re better than video games. Click on the coloring sheet of your choice hit print!
Spring coloring sheets pages Let kids color vegetables before a trip to the spring farmer' s market , celebrate the opening of the first flowers with easy free coloring sheets! These printable coloring sheets are also a great thing to keep on hand for car rides or in a restaurant. FREE Spring Coloring Pages. Download free spring coloring pages for adults right here! We have tons of free printable spring coloring pages! Shop Coloring Supplies Crayons Markers Adult Coloring Pencils Paint Home / free coloring pages.
Outer Space Coloring Mural: Rocket Hedgie Coloring Page Click here for PDF Format: Hedgie Blasts Off! Fresh flowers rain storms warm weather! I love spring and it seemed like a great idea to pull together some flower coloring pages for you. Spring Coloring Sheets. Check out fresh ideas for the season.
Color Spring coloring pages pictures and sheets. Our free coloring pages for adults kids range from Star Wars to Mickey Mouse. Free Spring coloring pages. Parents can print these Spring coloring pages for their kids for free at home.
However, if your kids love to color as much as mine do, we have a solution! These free spring coloring pages are sure to be a hit with your kids and cure their rainy day blues! * Guest post by Amanda at Crafty Critters. Spring Coloring Pages.
Our Crafty Critters have made four super cute spring coloring pages just for you. Free Spring Coloring Pages! Garden Coloring Pages Flower Coloring Pages Cool Coloring Pages Butterfly Coloring Page Adult Coloring Pages Coloring Books Fairy Coloring Kindergarten Coloring Pages Spring Coloring Sheet.
These free, printable coloring sheets of Spring provide hours of online and at- home fun for kids.


text:
Download Pokemon ROMs
Pokemon Black ROM
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text:
Category: radio
WSPR Explained: How to Get Started With One-Way Ham Radio
September 3, 2019 administrator Electronics, extremetech explains, ham radio, How-To, radio, radios, Raspberry Pi, weather
Last Tuesday at 1744 UTC (1:44 PM EDT) UR3RM, a ham radio station in Ukraine blindly sent out a message on 7040.138 kHz. It was automated. It was text. Maybe someone would hear it. Maybe not.
The "maybe not" part is easy to understand because UR3RM's transmitter was putting out one milliwatt, .01 watts. To put that in perspective, a Class 2 Bluetooth transmitter, the ones good for around 30 feet, run 2.5 milliwatts.
UR3RM was using a mode called WSPR for Weak Signal Propagation Reporting. Unlike most of ham radio, this is a one-way mode. Not only is there little expectation anyone will be listening, but there's even less that the signal would make it back. Radio propagation isn't always a two-way path.
WSPR's biggest selling point is you can do it on the cheap. It's easy to set yourself up for not much more than $100 and often a whole lot less. And, though a ham radio license is needed to transmit, anyone can put up a receiver. And the US ham license test is multiple-choice, all published and online.
Most WSPR transmitters run very low power, many well under a watt like UR3RM. And sometimes, like UR3RM that peanut whistle goes far. Tuesday's 1744 UTC transmission was heard on the Australian island of Tasmania, a distance of 15,140 km. Stated more impressively, the transmission/reception worked out to 9,235,000 miles per watt! This isn't being done with fancy gear and immense antennas. This particular transmission took place on what we quaintly still call "short wave" radio. WSPR's greatest accomplishment is it lets this be done on noisy, unreliable, staticky radio bands. And, it lets the receiver know what it's gotten is good without any confirmation from the sender.
There is a price to pay for making all this reliable: bandwidth. A WSPR signal is 6 Hz wide. A typical voice channel would be around 2,500 Hz. This allows the tiny WSPR of power to be more concentrated and much more effective.
Low bandwidth also limits the signaling rate. In today's gigaworld, you'll be shocked to know WSPR runs at 1.4648 baud. No typo. The structured WSPR transmission sends 50 characters in 110.6 seconds, beginning one second after each even minute.
Each message contains the station's callsign, a grid locator, and transmitter power expressed in dBm. So, when the station in Tasmania picked up the Ukrainian transmission he immediately knew where it was from and how much power got it there.
A map of the Maidenhead Locator System.
Because of their very narrow bandwidth, WSPR signals can often be decoded when human ears can't detect the signal is even there. It's claimed a signal 28 dB below the noise in a 2500 Hz bandwidth receiver can be decoded with WSPR. I've had the volume turned up and watched stations decoded that were totally indistinguishable from the background noise by my ears.
The narrow bandwidth actually allows a receiver to hear and decode multiple stations at once, often handfuls at a time when the bands are open. Since the receiver has no way to tell the originating stations "job well done," the reception is reported to a central hub on the Internet. Want to know what ham bands are good for contacting what parts of the world at this moment? Head over to wsprnet.org, where these are plotted out and otherwise quantified.
WSPR was produced by Joe Taylor, a ham operator (K1JT) and Nobel Physics prize winner. In the past, he's developed other transmission/reception methods to help with moonbounce and meteor scatter radio work.
Like so many other radio advances, this one is really helped by the advent of inexpensive SDR receivers. Though the $20-ish variety sold on Amazon, eBay and others doesn't do well on these long-distance low frequencies, more sophisticated models are now selling for under $100. The software to decode (and the transmit software too) is free and open source. Prebuilt or mostly built transmitters are also widely available for under $100. Some folks have even figured out how to make a Raspberry Pi act like a 10 milliwatt WSPR transmitter (pictured at top), though some outboard filtering to make sure it only transmits where it's supposed to is necessary.
Every ham radio band is different, and with the current solar sunspot cycle down near the minimum, conditions are definitely lousy. But WSPR is so vigorous and resilient that even now worldwide communication is possible with flea power. If you're interested, you can actually dip your toe in the water for free. The dozens of receivers aggregated through http://sdr.hu all have WSPR as an available mode. If you're like me, you'll end up spending hours listening to radio signals you actually don't hear and wouldn't understand if you did!
Top image credit: Gerolf Ziegenhain/CC BY-SA 3.0
Leave a comment Explained, Ham, OneWay, Radio, started, WSPR
Titanic Discoverer Robert Ballard Leads New Search for Amelia Earhart
August 14, 2019 administrator airplanes, amelia earhart, Earhart, Extreme, flight, forensic anthropology, history, Hoodless, Janz, Lockheed, lockheed electra, Lockheed Electra 10E, Lockheed Martin, mh370, radar, radio, radio waves, skeleton, sonar, TIGHAR
Robert Ballard, the man who found the RMS Titanic, is leading a search for the remains of Amelia Earhart decades after she vanished without a trace while flying across the Pacific. According to the New York Times, his interest in the search was sparked by the Bevington Photo — an image taken on Nikumaroro Island a few years after Earhart disappeared that shows what may be the landing gear of a Lockheed Electra sticking up above the surface of the water.
Dr. Ballard is a legend in oceanography. In addition to his discovery of the Titanic in 1985, he discovered the Bismark in 1989, the Yorktown in 1998, and the wreck of President Kennedy's PT 109 in 2002. In-between Bismark and Yorktown he also found the time to respond to a letter from one earnest little boy who was considering a career in oceanography and had been inspired by his work. While said child disappointingly grew up to be an IT journalist instead, he always kept the letter. Ballard has brought considerably more firepower to the investigation of what happened to Earhart. The investigation he is conducting could finally answer the question of whether she crash-landed on Nikumororo.
ExtremeTech has covered Earhart's life and disappearance in some detail in the past. Our analysis of the current state of the search is below. It has been updated to conform to the latest available evidence in addition to Dr. Ballard's decision to conduct his own research discussed above.
Much of the data on Earhart's final resting place has been compiled over the course of decades by TIGHAR, The International Group for Historic Aircraft Recovery. Since 1989, TIGHAR has been compiling data, evaluating evidence, and assembling information on where Earhart's Lockheed Electra 10E might have gone down, and where the wreck is now. There are two things you need to know before diving into the rest of this story:
1) I have chosen some of the highlights and most interesting details, not to cherry-pick the evidence for the Nikumaroro landing theory, but because TIGHAR has produced several hundred PDFs of evidence, analysis, historical documents, and records. I highly recommend that anyone who finds this topic interesting dive into that body of research. A shorter version for those without several hours to spare is also available.
2) All of the evidence we're going to discuss is circumstantial. The strength of the argument is that there is an absolutely mind-boggling amount of circumstantial evidence: multiple reports from settlers and navy personnel of recent habitation, including one such report from the navy pilot who overflew Gardner Island in the week following Earhart's crash. A body recovered from the island (along with American shoes) in the 1930s, before being lost in World War II. Photographs of what appears to be airplane wreckage. Villagers and one-time settlers who report seeing and even using bits of metal and material that would match said airplane wreckage. The discovery of a water catchment system in 1944 that could've been built using materials carried aboard Earhart's Electra.
After a review of the evidence TIGHAR has found to date, as well as the aforementioned forensic report, I personally find the Nikumaroro hypothesis extremely credible. But readers should be aware that whether the Lockheed Electra 10E possessed sufficient fuel to reach the island is a matter of debate and depends, to some extent, on how you read the radio transmissions the Itasca picked up.
Earhart's Last Flight
Amelia Earhart and navigator Fred Noonan took off from Lae, New Guinea on July 2, 1937. They were flying a specially outfitted Lockheed Electra 10E. But they had made several changes to the plane's equipment, particularly its antenna layouts and structure, that may have critically harmed communication between the plane and its ship tender, the United States Coast Guard Cutter Itasca. The Itasca was standing by at Howland Island to signal the Electra and guide it in.
Earhart's planned route and the deviation TIGHAR believes she most likely took.
Unfortunately, due to the aforementioned communications problems, the Lockheed and the cutter never made contact. While the ship could hear Earhart, it could not respond to her transmissions on the same frequency. Earhart's last transmission stated the following:
"We are running on line 157-337… We are running on line."
What this means is fairly simple: Noonan, as navigator, had taken the aircraft's line of position relative to the sun's location as it rose. Overcast conditions had prevented him from using celestial navigation overnight, but using a single body for a line position only told Earhart part of where she was. The slideshow below contains additional information about the Electra, its position, possible damage to the radio antenna that would have compounded her problems communicating with the Itasca, and data on what being "on line" meant.
In theory, she could've been anywhere along that course, from directly on top of Howland Island or Baker to far off-course in either direction. No further transmissions were received by the Itasca and prevailing wisdom for decades has been that Earhart's Electra ran out of fuel and landed in the ocean.
TIGHAR has compiled evidence that illustrates otherwise and backed it up with formidable analysis. Let's consider some of the highlights.
Betty's Notebook and the Bevington Photo
July 1937: A 15-year old girl named Betty is listening to her family's radio, tuned to "short wave" frequencies. Her father had run a 60-foot antenna, and the set was capable of picking up transmissions from all over the world. She hears — or believes she hears — the words "This is Amelia Earhart."
This was scarcely uncommon at the time. But what separates Betty from a number of other witnesses is that she kept a notebook of everything she heard and when she heard it. More than sixty years later, TIGHAR researchers sat down with her to determine whether her claims were possible. At first glance, this might seem farcical. Surface craft and radio stations within a few hundred miles of Gardner/Nikumaroro could only pick up rough triangulations and estimates on Earhart's transmissions. How could a teenager be hearing her in St. Petersburg, Florida?
The answer lies in the hardware of the day. Earhart was broadcasting on a Western Electric 13C radio and broadcasting on 3105, 6210, and 500 Kilocycles. Her radio, however, lacked any form of harmonic suppression equipment — meaning that when she broadcast on these frequencies, she was simultaneously and inadvertently broadcasting at much higher frequencies as well. Furthermore, Earhart's aircraft antenna had been modified in a manner that inadvertently boosted the harmonic signal emanating from the aircraft.
All of this would be moot, however, if the radio set Betty's family owned was incapable of receiving the harmonic signals Earhart would have been broadcasting. That radio — a Zenith 1000Z Stratosphere — was one of the most capable and powerful consumer sets available on the market from 1935-1938. Not only was that particular model capable of receiving a harmonic frequency of Earhart's broadcasts, but the nature of what Betty heard — faint, scratchy, intermittent audio — matches the statistical probability of what she'd have been likely to hear. At the most likely frequencies, the signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio was only barely high enough to permit intermittent contact.
But there's another side to Betty's notebook — the question of what she heard. And this is where the story gets a little chilling. The slideshow below contains multiple pages from Betty's notebook, both in her hand and with her text transcribed. We recommend opening images in a separate window for easier reading.
Included in her transcribed notes is the phrase "New York," abbreviated "N.Y." Earhart, and the unidentified male voice Betty also documented, continually repeat this phrase. It's the last thing Earhart says, even as she's apparently abandoning the plane as the tide rolls in. Betty also recorded the time of day when she heard Earhart. Our best tidal predictions for the area suggest that, in fact, Earhart would've landed at low tide, but been forced to leave the plane within a matter of hours.
There was no known reason for Earhart to be frantically repeating the word "New York," but what if she wasn't? What if, instead, the word was Norwich? On November 30, 1929, the tramp steamer Norwich City ran aground on Nikumaroro. The wreck was a known hazard and prominent marker for decades after. Earhart surely would've known of it and recognized it on her approach to what she'd have identified as Gardner Island.
Fast forward several months. Cadet Officer Eric Bevington visits Gardner Island. While there, he snaps what's become known as the Bevington Photo — with the Norwich City in the background, and a strange object jutting up from the water to the far left.
The Bevington Photo. SS Norwich City in the background.
TIGHAR was able to hunt down the original photo negatives and perform forensic analysis on them. What emerged was this result:
Compare that with the landing gear of a Lockheed Model 10 Landing Gear Installation 40650:
And finally, look at what happens when we superimpose one on top of the other:
Knowing something about how the landing gear assembly tended to fail on Electra's allowed for better modeling.
This PDF details how the TIGHAR group found detailed photographic evidence of precisely how a Lockheed Model 10 Landing Gear installation shears and fails when subjected to certain kinds of lateral stress. If you compare the angles of failure (Page 14/15), the mangled landing gear winds up bent in similar angles to what's seen above.
A scrap of metal found by TIGHAR, which probably belongs to Earhart's Lockheed Electra 10E.
The most recent physical evidence was uncovered in 2014, triggering some additional coverage on the disaster. TIGHAR found a piece of scrap metal that has the same "fingerprint" as custom-made aluminum sheets that replaced some windows on Earhart's customized Electra. The piece of scrap metal is the right size, and its rivets and other hallmarks identify it as almost certainly coming from Earhart's plane. Nor is it the only artifact of note: We know that the British recovered a sextant box in 1940. While they dismissed the idea that the box could have contained an aviator's sextant, we now know that Fred Noonan was in the habit of carrying both a mariner's sextant and a bubble octant. The latter is used in aviation, while the former was carried as a backup tool.
The box the British found was stenciled with the number 3500 and otherwise marked with a second number, 1542. TIGHAR believes this refers to the manufacturer's serial number for the device and the Naval Observatory code for validating that each device was calibrated properly. As they detail here, the serial number and NO number, if that's what they were, fit perfectly into a sequence of other sextant boxes that were confirmed to have been processed by the Naval Observatory.
TIGHAR met with metallurgical engineers at Massachusetts Materials Research on July 11, 2019, to evaluate the nature of the aluminum fragment they found. A section of the scrap shows distinct signs of being cold-worked (as in, repeatedly stressed). Photos of the Electra show a similar area that corresponds to the metal patch.
Again, is this proof? No. It's just a piece of aluminum that appears to be of the same type (2024 ALCLAD) as that used in the Electra, with a size and shape that allow it to fit over a patch that we know had been applied to the Electra Earhart was flying. It's not proof. It's just (another) hell of a coincidence.
Setbacks in the Sonar Search
After decades of work, and boots-on-the-ground searches for artifacts, the TIGHAR team elected to use side-scan sonar to search the area of Nikumaroro where the Bevington Object was seen and where the debris field from the Lockheed Electra might have washed up. Initially, the team thought it had captured data that showed clear signs of a fuselage-shaped object in the sonar data. Unfortunately, subsequent analysis and a later 2014 expedition appear to have confirmed that the object TIGHAR thought it captured via sonar was actually a coral ridge. The 2014 expedition was beset by problems, including a last-minute shipping cost issue that prevented the team from shipping a backup ROV and the failure of the ROV they were able to bring.
Further analysis of the anomalous readings captured in the 2012 data revealed that they weren't as anomalous as they appeared to be, due to variation in how side-scan sonar "sees" objects on the seafloor. (See page 37 of this PDF for further details.)
After it analyzed the 2012 data, the TIGHAR team hoped to find definitive proof for their theory during the 2014 trip. That didn't happen, though technical difficulties prevented the group from performing anything like the data-gathering it originally intended to do. TIGHAR's response to these setbacks was to straightforwardly admit that the anomaly they thought they had found might well be a coral ridge, and to acknowledge that there's no sign of debris from the Electra at depths accessible to Scuba divers.
Ballard's investigation is a vastly better opportunity to search than the resources TIGHAR was able to bring to bear. That doesn't mean he'll find the wreckage — even if it's there, these kinds of searches are difficult and time-consuming — but the odds are better with Ballard.
Did We Find Her Body?
A forensic analysis of remains first found on Gardner Island in 1940 (now known as Nikumaroro) suggests they were mis-categorized by the original examining doctor, D. W. Hoodless. Nikumaroro is the only island Earhart could've reached, given the fuel reserves in her aircraft at the time of her disappearance. The discovery of a skeleton on that island in 1940 was seen, even at the time, as a clue to where she might have landed — until Dr. Hoodless concluded the bones belonged to a man some 5'5″ in height (1.65m). Not only was Earhart female, but she was also significantly taller, at 5'8″.
This new report, published in the journal Forensic Anthropology, builds on a report from 2016 by Richard Janz, professor emeritus of anthropology and director emeritus of UT's Forensic Anthropology Center, and represents a deeper dive into the bone measurements taken by Dr. Hoodless in 1940 (the bones themselves were lost during the war). Janz is not the first anthropologist to argue Hoodless might have been mistaken in his evaluation of the skeleton, but he's the first to apply modern computer modeling technology to the problem. He also extensively discusses an article published by Cross and Wright in 2015, which dismissed the idea that the bones in question might have belonged to Earhart.
The full text of the article is available online, but we'll hit the basics. Forensic anthropology wasn't nearly as developed in the 1940s as it is today. Even prominent leading scholars of that era are now known to have made significant mistakes in the classification of remains, including mis-mapping of male/female gender ratios. While Hoodless was a doctor, he had no training in forensic anthropology and is known to have relied on Pearson's formula from 1899 when making his own estimates of the individual's height. But Pearson's data on estimating the height of an individual, which was gathered from individuals born in the early 19th century, didn't reflect the impact better nutrition had on both male and female height towards the end of that era. The limited sample size Pearson worked with also made his conclusions less accurate.
In addition to the inaccurate information in size, extensive exposure to the elements and scavenging by coconut crabs (both recorded by Hoodless) had also weathered the bones, making it much more difficult to sex them accurately. None of the bones had been buried; the skull was buried briefly after it was initially found. Crucial forensic evidence, like the woman's shoe sole found with the bones, was lost when they were. This last bit is infuriating, given that expeditions decades later found another shoe sole fragment that could've been combined with the first to determine if both came from the same pair of shoes, and whether they resembled footwear Earhart was known to wear.
Janz also used photographic analysis of Earhart at various points throughout her life to provide other guidelines for her height and weight, including the length of certain specific bones in her arm. Photos like the one below allowed forensic anthropologists to first measure the exact height of the Mobile Lubricant container by finding a still-existing container, then use that knowledge to create a scale for the rest of the image, including the length of her arm. The black dots in the image reflect the specific location of the bones mentioned in the caption.
Based on the data in this image, Earhart's humerus is estimated at 321.1mm, while her radius was 243.7mm. The bone measurements reported by Hoodless for the skeleton found on Nikumaroro were 325 and 245mm, respectively. Estimates of Amelia Earhart's tibia length based on her inseam and known stature yield an expected length of 372mm.
Janz concludes:
The bones are consistent with Earhart in all respects we know or can reasonably infer. Her height is entirely consistent with the bones. The skull measurements are at least suggestive of female. But most convincing is the similarity of the bone lengths to the reconstructed lengths of Earhart's bones. Likelihood ratios of 84–154 would not qualify as a positive identification by the criteria of modern forensic practice, where likelihood ratios are often millions or more. They do qualify as what is often called the preponderance of the evidence, that is, it is more likely than not the Nikumaroro bones were (or are, if they still exist) those of Amelia Earhart. If the bones do not belong to Amelia Earhart, then they are from someone very similar to her. And, as we have seen, a random individual has a very low probability of possessing that degree of similarity…
From a forensic perspective the most parsimonious scenario is that the bones are those of Amelia Earhart. She was known to have been in the area of Nikumaroro Island, she went missing, and human remains were discovered which are entirely consistent with her and inconsistent with most other people.
Is this the final word? No. Absolute proof will only come via DNA identification from bones that no longer exist, the wreckage of the Lockheed Electra (near Nikumaroro or another location), or some form of incontrovertible written testimony from Earhart or her navigator, Fred Noonan.
A Multi-Decade Puzzle
In this write-up, I've had to pick and choose what I think are the most tantalizing pieces of the Earhart investigation. But the data TIGHAR has collected, sifted, and analyzed is orders of magnitude larger than I've even had room to mention. The fact that a man with Dr. Ballard's reputation has been convinced to spend his time is evidence that the theory isn't just a crackpot one. From on-site artifact recovery, tidal patterns, photographic analysis, sonar scans, and even trips to analyze the wreckage of other Lockheed Electras, this sprawling research project would've been impossible without access to the technology of the modern era. Even the mathematics used to estimate debris field scattering and the optimum methods for searching large debris fields with side-scan sonar depend on techniques developed within living memory.
Part of what makes Earhart's story so compelling is that it took place at a time when air travel was rapidly shrinking the globe, yet technologies like radio were still in their infancy. The idea of losing an aircraft because of a mismatch between transmission frequencies, or a plane that couldn't instantly coordinate its own position on Earth, is foreign to us thanks to eighty years of technological advancement. It's easy to forget that when Earhart went missing, there were no policies for conducting search and rescue operations with aircraft, because few ships had aircraft, for example. There's also evidence that the Itasca and other search vessels were given incorrect information about the capabilities of the Electra. Initially, the Itasca assumed that Earhart could still transmit if the plane had landed in the water (this was not the case). All of these miscommunications and problems stole precious time from the search.
TIGHAR hasn't proved its theory — only discovering the wreckage of the Electra or incontrovertible evidence of Earhart's personal presence on Nikumaroro would do that. But despite the loss of the sonar data, the overall body of evidence is significant. And it's not particularly surprising that the team has had relatively slow progress — it's not cheap to hire ships and a crew to do research on a South Pacific island, and any search of the ocean around Nikumaroro requires the cooperation of Mother Nature. If the seas are rough, there's no way to perform the necessary photography.
At the same time, however, recent events give Earhart's case fresh resonance. The loss of flight MH370 in 2014 drove home the fact that while we may think we have perfected the art of tracking objects in flight, our ability to do so is sharply limited. All credible evidence suggests that MH370 deviated sharply from its intended flight plan before crashing into the Indian Ocean, but there's no explanation as to why this occurred. With the black boxes having long since fallen silent, it's possible we'll never find the plane.
Finding Amelia Earhart's Lockheed Electra wouldn't tell us what went wrong that July morning — the plane would almost certainly be too battered and broken to yield much forensic evidence and there were no black boxes in 1937. But it would lay to rest the question of what happened to one of aviation's pioneering spirits and most driven pilots, thanks to the efforts of a determined group of researchers and the painstaking work of decades.
Leave a comment Amelia, Ballard, Discoverer, Earhart, leads, Robert, Search, Titanic


Coin has been lightly circulated. Much of the hair and crown details still show.
This coin has been very lightly circulated.
Braid and hair details show.
About half the hair details still shows.
Some ear and hair details still show.
Ear and some hair details shows.
Most of the braid and hair details show.
This is the Evan 0 variety where the last 0 is even with the rest of the date. Some hair details still show.
This is the Evan 0 variety where the last 0 is evan with the rest of the date. Some hair details still show.
This is the Low 0 variety where the last 0 hangs below the rest of the date. About half the hair details still show.
Hair detail still shows. Evan date variety.
Ear and some hair details show. Scratches on head.
Braids are outlined infront of the ear.
Some ear and hair details still show. There are some scratches on the coin.


text:
Nepal hosts first regional conference of women in power sector
Published On : 21 February, 2019 8:11 pm
More than 250 engineers and energy-sector professionals represented their countries at the first regional conference of the Women in Power Sector Network in South Asia (WePOWER)–a forum to promote and diversify female practitioners' opportunities in the power and energy sector. They included representatives from 60 participating institutions from local and international power utilities, energy sector organizations, and multilateral agencies.
Pravin Raj Aryal, Joint Secretary at the Ministry of Energy, Water Resources and Irrigation in Nepal, opened the two-day conference on February 20. "Energy access and infrastructure development are critical elements in South Asia's regional development strategy. However, women's opportunities to contribute to the energy sector are limited, with a visible lack of gender diversity in technical and senior management positions," he said.
He added that initiatives such as WePOWER would help nurture partnerships among women professionals, leading to an increase in their engagement across the sector. The conference was organized by the World Bank, with support from the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP), Asian Development Bank (ADB), Australian AID and Australia Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT).
It drew senior and junior professionals and engineering students from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Besides panel discussions on the viability of jobs, skills, and opportunities in the sector, the conference also had a special interactive session for secondary school girl students to encourage them to find their footing in the fields of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education.
"WePOWER aims to support greater participation of women in energy projects and utilities, and promote normative change regarding women in STEM education," said Idah Z. Pswarayi-Riddihough, World Bank Country Director for Maldives, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. "This initiative also fits the broader work of the World Bank, aimed at removing constraints for more and better jobs as part of our Gender Strategy."
Caren Grown, World Bank Senior Director of the Gender Group, added: "Women's low participation in the sector is a constraint to gender equality and equality of opportunities. It is imperative for men and women to have access to good quality jobs, and events like WePOWER reinforce this need."
Peter Budd, Australian Ambassador to Nepal, opened the second day of the WePOWER conference and said, "Forums such as WePOWER are and will continue to be an important mechanism for deliberation on low carbon gender integrated pathways that meet the growth needs of the countries in the region."
#regional
#sector
Langtang national park distributes relief amount of Rs 4.8 million
The Langtang National Park has disclosed the amount it has provided to the wildlife attack
Permission granted for scoping and extraction of mines at eight places
The Department of Mines and Geology has granted permission for the study and extraction of
Policymakers voice for enhancing bilateral economic cooperation
In order to further enhance the business ties as well as promote an overall collective
Nepal must now deliver on promise of social justice – UN human rights expert
Nepal has one of the most progressive constitutions in the world, but many of its
Revenue collection exceeds target in Nawalpur
The Inland Revenue Office Kawaswoti has collected revenue over Rs 2 billion than its target
Revolving fund of Rs 10 million set up for agriculture and education
Three brothers of a family in Annapurna Rural Municipality in the district of Myagdi have


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Ireland has a deep rooted connection with the 2019 theme, Storytelling. Street theatre and pageant companies dazzled with their artistic interpretations of the theme. Their worldly performances and magnificent creations were set to intertwine seamlessly with Dublin's streets as the capital posed as a backdrop for the extravaganza.
Irish and International bands delivered rhythmically captivating musical scores that echoed through the streets of the capital.
The Festival Parade is a monumental occasion for Ireland and boasts an unforgettable atmosphere that cannot be missed. Hope to see you at the 2020 Festival Parade on the 17th March at 12noon!
Parade route map available here.
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Click here to learn more about the Marching Bands that performed in the Parade.


text:
Damu Fund lists first green bonds on Kazakhstan's AIX in the amount of US$478,469
The trend to invest in green bonds was supported in Kazakhstan. The Damu Entrepreneurship Development Fund (Damu Fund) has registered and issued green finance bonds on AIX (Astana International Exchange, which is a part of the Astana International Financial Center). Under the agreement with the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the Damu Fund invested 200 million tenge (US$478,469) with a maturity of 36 months. The coupon rate is 11.75 percent. This placement is the first listing of green bonds in Kazakhstan, the press office of the AIX reported. Now the money will be placed in second-tier banks and microfinance organizations. These funds will be used to lend to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) implementing small-scale investment projects for renewable energy sources (RES). In addition, part of the coupon rate will be subsidized by the UNDP. The organization will also provide technical support for projects appraisal and selection.
"We are delighted to welcome our first green bond issuer. We hope that the listing of securities of the Damu Fund in compliance with AIX's Green Bond Rules will serve as an example for other organizations that need to raise funds to develop a green economy," CEO of AIX Tim Bennett said.
Chairperson of the Damu Fund Gaukhar Buribayeva emphasized that the listing of green bonds on the AIX was an important step for the Damu Fund in the implementation of the strategy of 'green' financing and support of private businesses.
"We hope that this issuance will serve as an incentive for the development and financing of RES and energy efficiency projects. If there is a demand for 'green' financing the Damu Fund will be happy to consider the possibility of additional issuance of green bonds to invest in such projects," Buribayeva said.
Photo: kapital.kz
UNDPDamuentrepreneurshipEntrepreneurship Development FundAIFCGreen BondsAIXRES
Almaty power plant-1 reduces harmful emissions three times
Asian Development Bank issues green bonds in tenge
Kazakh Senate adopts amendments for through rates to support renewable energy sources
Kazakhstan's trade turnover within EAEU grows by 33 percent


Proceedings of the GALA 2013 conference, Paris, October 2013.
This paper presents an innovative approach based on social-network gaming, which will extract players' cognitive styles for personalization purposes. Cognitive styles describe the way individuals think, perceive and remember information and can be exploited to personalize user interaction. Questionnaires are usually employed to identify cognitive styles, a tedious process for most users. Our approach relies on a Facebook game for discovering potential visitors' cognitive styles with an ultimate goal of enhancing the overall visitors' experience in the museum. By hosting such a game on the museum's webpage and on Facebook, the museum aims to attract new visitors, as well as to support the user profiling process.


Janelle Beitz has another great article on the RIPS Law Librarian blog. This time she looks at creative ways to foster communication with law school students. Those folks at William Mitchell are leading the pack again, this time with some "high touch" touches in an increasingly virtual world.


The Atomos Ninja Star Pocket-Size ProRes Recorder & Deck is a compact, lightweight HDMI recorder which stores video to CFast cards. It records up to 1080/30p resolution video via the HDMI output from capable cameras and uses edit-ready Apple ProRes HQ, 422, or LT codecs at 10-bit with 4:2:2 color sampling.
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Shoe Storage Rack Organizer Shelf Cabinet Boot Storage Entryway Bench Solid Wood. 48W X 12D X 20H. Keeping shoes off the floor is easier than you think! This sturdy shoe bench is strong enough to sit on while taking off your footwear. It will be just what you need to keep your entryway looking neat and organized. Standard Shoe Model: 10 low-top openings hold up to 18 pairs of shoes. Short-Boot / Shoe Combo: 8 low-top openings (5.25H). Two short boot openings (11"H x 8"W). Tall-Boot / Shoe Combo: 8 low-top openings (5.25H).
Two boot openings (17.5"H x 8"W). Alternate idea: Use as a media console.
Storage spaces are wide enough to house standard cable boxes, DVD players & other entertainment accessories. Handcrafted from solid wood, stained, then sealed with water based satin polyurethane. More photos upon request : Shown in dark walnut brown, ebony (black/brown), smokey taupe, classic gray (short-boot combo) & additional pic in dark walnut (tall-boot combo). Since computer monitors vary in color, the actual color of the item may slightly differ from what's shown on your computer screen. We are a clearinghouse of manufacturers, major retailers and suppliers. If you like what you see, please visit Our Shop. The item "Shoe Storage Rack Organizer Shelf Cabinet Boot Storage Entryway Bench Solid Wood" is in sale since Sunday, January 21, 2018. This item is in the category "Home & Garden\Household Supplies & Cleaning\Home Organization\Shoe Organizers". The seller is "elias_deals" and is located in Phoenix, Arizona. This item can be shipped to United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Denmark, Romania, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Czech republic, Finland, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Estonia, Australia, Greece, Portugal, Cyprus, Slovenia, Japan, China, Sweden, South Korea, Indonesia, Taiwan, Thailand, Belgium, France, Hong Kong, Ireland, Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Italy, Germany, Austria, Israel, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, Switzerland, Norway, Saudi arabia, Ukraine, United arab emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, Croatia, Malaysia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa rica, Panama, Trinidad and tobago, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica.


Premier League transfer news. Premier League sides are keeping tabs on Sporting Lisbon striker Islam Slimani, according to SkySports.
Premier League sides are keeping tabs on Sporting Lisbon striker Islam Slimani, according to SkySports.
The reports have linked the Algerian with several English sides including Arsenal.
Read More: Arsenal Transfer Stories!
The 28-year-old attacker has been exceptional for the Portuguese side for the past few seasons. He has netted 56 goals in more than 100 games for them. Last season, he scored 32 goals in 44 appearances.
The player has been eyeing to leave the Portuguese league this summer and Sporting Lisbon have put a £20million price tag on him.
SkySports reported that Slimani is planning to play in the Premier League.
Slimani has recently impressed in the preseason games especially against Wolfsburg, after the game he was praised by opponent side defender Dante .
Dante told that Slimani was very difficult to handle, his movement was good and he is a big club player. Along with him, William Carvalho is also an excellent player.
Arsenal boss Arsene Wenger is yet to sign any attacker so far this summer. He could be making a offer this month for the Algeria international.
Meanwhile, Arsenal are also keeping tabs on Wolfsburg forward Julian Draxler who has hinted to leave Bundesliga this month.


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Q: Showing that the angular momentum transforms as a vector I define a vector as any object $(a_i,a_j, a_k)$ such that it transforms the same way as the coordinates themselves. That is if $x'_i = R_{ij}x_j$, then $a'_i = R_{ij}a_j$. Please correct me if this is not a proper definition. (EDIT: As pointed out in the comment, I may have to restrict $R$ to proper rotations so $det(R) = 1$.)
With this in mind, how can I show that the angular momentum is a vector? I have $l_i = \epsilon_{ijk}r_jp_k$. On one side, I show that
$l'_i = R_{ij}l_j = R_{ij}\epsilon_{jlm}r_l p_m$
But this should somehow be the same as the transformed $\vec{r}$ and $\vec{p}$. That is $l'_i = \epsilon_{ijk}r'_jp'_k = \epsilon_{ijk}R_{jl} r_l R_{km}p_m$
How do I reconcile these two?


text:
The Price of Carbon Book
Buy Book From Chapters Indigo
Chapter 6: THE PRICE OF CARBON
The nation that leads the clean energy economy will be the nation that leads the
global economy.
Barack Obama, State of the Union address January 27, 2010.
The concept of global warming was created by and for the Chinese in order to make US manufacturing non‐competitive.
Donald J. Trump, Twitter, November 6, 2012.
In economics, a "negative externality" or "spillover effect" is defined as a cost borne
by a third party outside of a transaction. An example of a transaction with a nega‐
tive externality would be the sales of chlorofluorocarbons, such as Freon, for use as
refrigerants or aerosols. These compounds will accumulate in the stratosphere and,
upon exposure to ultraviolet radiation, breakdown to release highly reactive chlorine.
Chlorine, in turn, will react with ozone and disrupt the integrity of the ozone layer.
Unrestricted passage of mutagenic ultraviolet radiation through a hole in the ozone
layer will increase the incidence of cancer among terrestrial life forms. The health
costs of unregulated sales of Freon were not part of transaction between the chemical
manufacture and the customer, and this negative externality would be incurred by third
parties exposed to carcinogenic UV radiation. As the science of chlorofluorocarbon
reactions in the upper atmosphere advanced, the dangers of continued use of these
compounds came into focus. In 1989, the Montreal protocol came into effect whereby
world governments agreed to the implementation of an international treaty to phase
out the use of chlorofluorocarbons.
An important role of government is to make full use of the expertise of the scientific
community in assessing the risks and benefits of industrial and consumer practices.
When appropriate, responsible governance requires the implementation of measures
to protect citizens and ecosystems from the harmful effects of negative externalities
from transactions that, in the absence of intervention, would continue unabated.
Excess emissions of GHGs over the next 20–30 years will result in a deferred negative
externality in that the costs of surface warming will be largely incurred by subsequent
generations during the second half the century.
"The Price of Carbon is a timely book full of important information for those seeking to understand the urgency of the climate crisis and the powerful solution of carbon pricing."
– Mark Reynolds, Executive Director, Citizens' Climate Lobby
Crank Up The Power: Canada's Astounding Opportunity for Success Through Electrification and Decarbonization
The Ontario Government's Tear Down and Replacement of the Provincial Climate Action Plan Would Increase the Target for Year 2030 Emissions by 27%
International Energy Agency 2018 World Energy Outlook: Sustainable Development with Well Below 2 C in Surface Warming
A Rollback of Policies to Limit Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon Would Seriously Undermine the Gobal Effort to Mitigate Climate Change
Prairie Resilience: A Token Gesture of a Climate Action Plan
Price of Carbon (C) Dr. David Maenz - May not reproduce without written permission
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text:
Q: Unable to install Nvidia driver version > 470 on Ubuntu 20.04 MATE desktop Running Ubuntu 20.04 with MATE desktop installed. Nvidia driver version 470 works ok, but some Steam games complain and want a version > 499.
When I install any Nvidia driver version > 500 using Software & Updates / Additional Drivers, it appears to install correctly, but upon reboot, I experience a "login loop" i.e., after entering my password, the screen flashes and then shows the login screen again.
How can I install a version of the driver > 499 on the MATE desktop in 20.04?

A: "marco", the window manager used in the MATE desktop, has a problem interacting with the newer Nvidia drivers due to something called Xpresent. The result is that the xserver crashes and results in the login loop.
The problem has been patched in 22.04, but not in 20.04.  However, there is a ppa that provides a version of "marco" with Xpresent support removed.  Adding this ppa to my system and building in the patched "marco" packages allowed me to install Nvidia driver version 525.
The ppa is here: https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-mate-dev/+archive/ubuntu/marco
apt-policy marco output after incorporating the ppa:
$ apt policy marco
marco:
  Installed: 1.24.0-1ubuntu2
  Candidate: 1.24.0-1ubuntu2
  Version table:
 *** 1.24.0-1ubuntu2 500
        500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-mate-dev/marco/ubuntu focal/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     1.24.0-1ubuntu1 500
        500 ssh://[local mirror address redacted]/us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/universe amd64 Packages


Record Opening weekend Collections for 3 movie !!
Aishwarya Dhanush's debut film as director Moondru (3) has taken a very good opening all over Tamilnadu especially Chennai city.
The film according to Aishwarya who has the Chennai city rights of the film says that it netted an amazing Rs 1,16,87240 in its first three days (Mar 30, 31 and April 1).
In Chennai city's 25 screens, 3 had taken an astonishing 97.8 percent opening, and in the suburbs which falls under Chengalpet territory from nearly 50 screens it has touched almost 95 percent, which truly is phenomenal!
The film which carried a big buzz around it opened to mixed opinion and reviews but throughout Tamil Nadu the film has taken a bumper opening.
Says Madurai Anbu the film's distributor for Madurai area; " 3 has taken a fantastic opening. It is the highest ever for a Dhanush film".
But Dhanush's critics mainly in the industry are asking the question- "Will 3 hold on to its record opening weekend collections? Can the Kolaveri man deliver a super hit?"
The producer of 3, Kastoori Raja says: "The distributors and theatre people say they will make profits by the end of the first week. Distributors who brought the film are distributing sweets people like Madurai Anbu says that the movie will get their investment back by Monday"
In Chennai, from Sathyam and Escape the film took 100% opening, the three day net is a whopping Rs 23 lakhs. A spokesperson of Sathyam Cinemas said: "The opening of 3 has been fantastic in our properties. It is one of the best openings in recent times."
Shankar for his own movie?
Director Sankar began his career as the producer from his Muthalvan with Action King Arjun. Since then, his majority films turned out to be hits on media end. His products were Kathal, Imsai Arasan 23m Pulikesi, Veyil, Kalloori and Arai Yen 305l Kadavul, Eeram, Rettachuli and Ananthapurathu veedu.
Of these one film which had a director as the major artist made Sankar burn his fingers. As the director happened to be his mentor during his initial days, Sankar had no objection when the remuneration demanded was Rs1 crore. With the films from Kallori failed to cash in profit for Sankar he almost suspended his task for many years. However a story from the fresh director shuffled his tryst and Sankar seems to have made up his mind to resume his production stint.
Being impressed with the script and the storyline, Sankar assured the man to do the project at the right time. Will this resumption save Sankar from further fall or lead him to the same old ditch is to be seen. In the meanwhile there is a buzz that Sankar was in a mood to do the Bollywood Delhi Belly in Tamil based on the success he had with Nanban, a remake of 3 Idiots.