text:
namespace omaha {

const OmahaWnd::ControlAttributes OmahaWnd::kVisibleTextAttributes =
    { false, true,  true,  false, false };
const OmahaWnd::ControlAttributes OmahaWnd::kDefaultActiveButtonAttributes =
    { false, true,  true,  true,  true  };
const OmahaWnd::ControlAttributes OmahaWnd::kDisabledButtonAttributes =
    { false, false, false, true,  false };
const OmahaWnd::ControlAttributes OmahaWnd::kNonDefaultActiveButtonAttributes =
    { false, true,  true,  true,  false };
const OmahaWnd::ControlAttributes OmahaWnd::kVisibleImageAttributes =
    { false, true,  false, false, false };
const OmahaWnd::ControlAttributes OmahaWnd::kDisabledNonButtonAttributes =
    { false, false, false, false, false };

OmahaWnd::OmahaWnd(int dialog_id, CMessageLoop* message_loop, HWND parent)
    : IDD(dialog_id),
      message_loop_(message_loop),
      parent_(parent),
      thread_id_(::GetCurrentThreadId()),
      is_complete_(false),
      is_close_enabled_(true),
      events_sink_(NULL),
      is_machine_(false) {
  ASSERT1(message_loop);
  CORE_LOG(L3, (_T("[OmahaWnd::OmahaWnd]")));
}

OmahaWnd::~OmahaWnd() {
  CORE_LOG(L3, (_T("[OmahaWnd::~OmahaWnd]")));
  ASSERT1(thread_id_ == ::GetCurrentThreadId());
  ASSERT1(!IsWindow());
}

HRESULT OmahaWnd::Initialize() {
  CORE_LOG(L3, (_T("[OmahaWnd::Initialize]")));
  ASSERT1(thread_id_ == ::GetCurrentThreadId());

  if (!Create(parent_)) {
    CORE_LOG(LEVEL_ERROR, (_T("[Failed to create the window]")));
    return GOOPDATE_E_UI_INTERNAL_ERROR;
  }
  VERIFY1(message_loop_->AddMessageFilter(this));

  return S_OK;
}

void OmahaWnd::InitializeDialog() {    // NOLINT
  CORE_LOG(L3, (_T("[OmahaWnd::InitializeDialog]")));

  VERIFY1(SetWindowText(client_utils::GetInstallerDisplayName(bundle_name_)));

  VERIFY1(CenterWindow(NULL));
  VERIFY1(SUCCEEDED(WindowUtils::SetWindowIcon(m_hWnd,
                                               IDI_APP,
                                               address(hicon_))));

  // Disable the Maximize System Menu item.
  HMENU menu = ::GetSystemMenu(*this, false);
  ASSERT1(menu);
  VERIFY1(::EnableMenuItem(menu, SC_MAXIMIZE, MF_BYCOMMAND | MF_GRAYED) != -1);

  progress_bar_.SubclassWindow(GetDlgItem(IDC_PROGRESS));

  // 9-pixel-high "Segoe UI".
  VERIFY1(default_font_.CreatePointFont(90, _T("Segoe UI")));
  SendMessageToDescendants(
      WM_SETFONT,
      reinterpret_cast<WPARAM>(static_cast<HFONT>(default_font_)),
      0);

  // 15-pixel-high "Segoe UI".
  VERIFY1(font_.CreatePointFont(150, _T("Segoe UI")));
  GetDlgItem(IDC_INSTALLER_STATE_TEXT).SetFont(font_);
  GetDlgItem(IDC_INFO_TEXT).SetFont(font_);
  GetDlgItem(IDC_COMPLETE_TEXT).SetFont(font_);

  // 11-pixel-high "Segoe UI".
  VERIFY1(error_font_.CreatePointFont(110, _T("Segoe UI")));
  GetDlgItem(IDC_ERROR_TEXT).SetFont(error_font_);

  VERIFY1(Animate_OpenEx(GetDlgItem(IDC_MARQUEE),
                         app_util::GetCurrentModuleHandle(),
                         MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MARQUEE)));
  VERIFY1(Animate_Play(GetDlgItem(IDC_MARQUEE), 0, -1, -1));

  CreateOwnerDrawTitleBar(m_hWnd, GetDlgItem(IDC_TITLE_BAR_SPACER), kBkColor);
  SetCustomDlgColors(kTextColor, kBkColor);

  (EnableFlatButtons(m_hWnd));
}

LRESULT OmahaWnd::OnClose(UINT,
                          WPARAM,
                          LPARAM,
                          BOOL& handled) {         // NOLINT
  CORE_LOG(L3, (_T("[OmahaWnd::OnClose]")));

  ++metric_worker_ui_click_x;

  MaybeCloseWindow();
  handled = true;
  return 0;
}

HRESULT OmahaWnd::CloseWindow() {
  VERIFY1(Animate_Stop(GetDlgItem(IDC_MARQUEE)));

  HRESULT hr = DestroyWindow() ? S_OK : HRESULTFromLastError();
  if (events_sink_) {
    events_sink_->DoClose();
  }
  return hr;
}

void OmahaWnd::MaybeRequestExitProcess() {
  CORE_LOG(L3, (_T("[OmahaWnd::MaybeRequestExitProcess]")));
  if (!is_complete_) {
    return;
  }

  RequestExitProcess();
}

void OmahaWnd::RequestExitProcess() {
  CORE_LOG(L3, (_T("[OmahaWnd::RequestExitProcess]")));

  if (events_sink_) {
    events_sink_->DoExit();
  }
}

LRESULT OmahaWnd::OnNCDestroy(UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM, BOOL& handled) {  // NOLINT
  CORE_LOG(L3, (_T("[OmahaWnd::OnNCDestroy]")));
  VERIFY1(message_loop_->RemoveMessageFilter(this));
  MaybeRequestExitProcess();
  handled = false;  // Let ATL default processing handle the WM_NCDESTROY.
  return 0;
}

// Called when esc key is hit.
// If close is disabled, does nothing because we don't want the window to close.
LRESULT OmahaWnd::OnCancel(WORD, WORD id, HWND, BOOL& handled) {  // NOLINT
  VERIFY1(id == IDCANCEL);

  if (!is_close_enabled_) {
    return 0;
  }

  ++metric_worker_ui_esc_key_total;
  MaybeCloseWindow();
  handled = true;
  return 0;
}

void OmahaWnd::Show() {
  CORE_LOG(L3, (_T("[OmahaWnd::Show]")));
  ASSERT1(thread_id_ == ::GetCurrentThreadId());
  if (!IsWindow() || IsWindowVisible()) {
    return;
  }

  CenterWindow(NULL);
  SetVisible(true);

  if (!::SetForegroundWindow(*this)) {
    CORE_LOG(LW, (_T("[::SetForegroundWindow failed %d]"), ::GetLastError()));
  }

  UIDisplayedEventManager::SignalEvent(is_machine_);
}

bool OmahaWnd::OnComplete() {
  CORE_LOG(L3, (_T("[OmahaWnd::OnComplete]")));
  ASSERT1(thread_id_ == ::GetCurrentThreadId());

  if (!IsWindow()) {
    RequestExitProcess();
    return false;
  }

  is_complete_ = true;

  VERIFY1(SUCCEEDED(EnableClose(true)));

  return true;
}

void OmahaWnd::SetControlAttributes(int control_id,
                                    const ControlAttributes& attributes) {
  if (attributes.is_ignore_entry_) {
    return;
  }

  HWND hwnd = GetDlgItem(control_id);
  ASSERT1(hwnd);
  ::ShowWindow(hwnd, attributes.is_visible_ ? SW_SHOW : SW_HIDE);
  ::EnableWindow(hwnd, attributes.is_enabled_ ? true : false);
  if (attributes.is_button_ && attributes.is_default_) {
    // We ask the dialog manager to give the default push button the focus, so
    // for instance the <Enter> key works as expected.
    GotoDlgCtrl(hwnd);
    LONG style = ::GetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_STYLE);
    if (style) {
      style |= BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON;
      ::SetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_STYLE, style);
    }
  }
}

HRESULT OmahaWnd::EnableClose(bool enable) {
  is_close_enabled_ = enable;
  return EnableSystemCloseButton(is_close_enabled_);
}

HRESULT OmahaWnd::EnableSystemCloseButton(bool enable) {
  HMENU menu = ::GetSystemMenu(*this, false);
  ASSERT1(menu);
  uint32 flags = MF_BYCOMMAND;
  flags |= enable ? MF_ENABLED : MF_GRAYED;
  VERIFY1(::EnableMenuItem(menu, SC_CLOSE, flags) != -1);
  RecalcLayout();
  return S_OK;
}

EnableFlatButtons::EnableFlatButtons(HWND hwnd_parent) {
  ::EnumChildWindows(hwnd_parent,
                     reinterpret_cast<WNDENUMPROC>(EnableFlatButtonsProc),
                     NULL);
}

BOOL CALLBACK EnableFlatButtons::EnableFlatButtonsProc(HWND hwnd, LPARAM) {
  if (!hwnd) {
    return FALSE;
  }

  CWindow wnd(hwnd);
  DWORD style = wnd.GetStyle();
  if (style & BS_FLAT) {
    ::SetWindowTheme(wnd, _T(""), _T(""));
  }

  return TRUE;
}

// For the InitCommonControlsEx call to succeed on XP, a manifest is needed to
// declare "Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls" as a dependent assembly.
// Further work may be needed to ensure W2K compatibility.
HRESULT InitializeCommonControls(DWORD control_classes) {
  INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX init_ctrls = { sizeof(INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX), 0 };
  ASSERT1(init_ctrls.dwSize == sizeof(init_ctrls));
  init_ctrls.dwICC = control_classes;
  if (!::InitCommonControlsEx(&init_ctrls)) {
    // In the case of XP RTM and XP SP1, InitCommonControlsEx is failing but
    // the UI initializes fine and works correctly. Because of this we only log
    // the failure and do not error out.
    const DWORD error = ::GetLastError();
    CORE_LOG(LEVEL_ERROR, (_T("[InitCommonControlsEx failed][%u]"), error));
    ASSERT1(ERROR_CLASS_ALREADY_EXISTS == error);
    if (ERROR_CLASS_ALREADY_EXISTS != error) {
      return HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(error);
    }
  }

  return S_OK;
}

}  // namespace omaha

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


My wife had been referred to this office for dental implants. She had a good experience so we asked if Dr. Barabas would take our kids wisdom teeth out, and he did a great job at that too. Dr. B is the man!
i prefer this office because when a non periodontal problem arises, they call and make appointments to have you seen at the specialists they like in other areas. my old dentist thought he could do it all, and now i am dealing with the aftermath.
i went to an office based on a direct mail piece i got at home. they told me i needed tens of thousands in treatment and surgery and extractions and sent me to the finance person. i came to dr barabas and found out i needed a fraction of the treatment i was told and he also referred me to a trustworthy general dentist in town who also found nothing additional.
I have been coming here for close to 30 years- just learned that in my chart. This is the most trustworthy and and professional office anywhere. They know my mouth better than I do!
Dr. Barabas saved my teeth- I cannot believe everyone with gum problems doesn't come for LANAP.


As a former Multidisciplinary Team Manager for a non-profit organization and Team Leader within the Provincial Government sector, Shelly's experience in coaching, mentoring and leadership has provided her with a unique and diverse skill set that combines academic understanding with practical knowledge. She holds a Master's degree in Investigations Management and has significant work experience both in Canada and Australia, where she been an energetic practitioner, educator and leader in the field of youth justice, child welfare, mental health, homelessness and suicide intervention for over 20 years. In addition to training with ACHIEVE, Shelly has a private counselling and coaching practice where she focuses on wellness, leadership, difficult conversations and healthy relationships. She is a seasoned and engaging presenter who is passionate about her work, which allows her to naturally facilitate ongoing learning for workshop participants.


text:
My INN
Metals Stocks
Free Investor Reports
Giyani Announces Marketed Private Placement Financing
Investing News Network - December 4th, 2020
THIS NEWS RELEASE IS NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION TO U.S. NEWSWIRE SERVICES OR FOR DISSEMINATION IN THE UNITED STATES Giyani Metals Corp. is pleased to announce that it has entered into an agreement with Cormark Securities Inc. pursuant to which Cormark has agreed to act as the lead agent on behalf of a syndicate of agents in connection with a fully marketed private placement offering of units of the Company at a price of …
/THIS NEWS RELEASE IS NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION TO U.S. NEWSWIRE SERVICES OR FOR DISSEMINATION IN THE UNITED STATES /
(In Canadian Dollars unless otherwise stated)
Giyani Metals Corp. (TSXV:EMM) (GR:A2DUU8) (" Giyani " or the " Company ") is pleased to announce that it has entered into an agreement with Cormark Securities Inc. (" Cormark ") pursuant to which Cormark has agreed to act as the lead agent on behalf of a syndicate of agents (collectively, the " Agents ") in connection with a fully marketed private placement offering of units of the Company (the " Units ") at a price of $0.20 per Unit for aggregate gross proceeds to the Company of not less than $4.0 million (the " Offering ").
Each Unit will consist of one common share of the Company (a " Common Share ") and one-half of one Common Share purchase warrant (each full warrant, a " Warrant "). Each Warrant will entitle the holder to acquire one Common Share of the Company at an exercise price of $0.35 for a period of 18 months following the closing of the Offering.
The Company has granted the Agents an option, exercisable in whole or in part, in the sole discretion of the Agents, for a period of 30 days from and including the closing date of the Offering, to purchase additional Units, additional Common Shares and/or additional Warrants, in an aggregate amount not to exceed 15% of Units, Common Shares or Warrants sold pursuant to the Offering, on the same terms and at the same price as the Units, Common Shares and Warrants sold under the Offering.
The net proceeds of the Offering will be used for drilling, demonstration plant (pilot plant), completion of feasibility study and other general corporate purposes.
The Offering is subject to certain conditions including, but not limited to, the receipt of all necessary regulatory and other approvals including the approval of the TSX Venture Exchange (the " TSXV ") and is scheduled to close on or about December 23, 2020 .
The Agents will be entitled to a cash fee on the sale of Units (subject to certain exceptions for Units sold to certain subscribers) in accordance with the policies of the TSXV.
In addition, Canadian based financial and marketing company, Hybrid Financial Ltd. (" Hybrid ") will provide certain marketing services to the Company in connection with the Offering and for which Hybrid will be compensated with a one-time fixed fee in cash of $30,000 .
This new release does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any of the securities in the United States . The securities have not been and will not be registered under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the " U.S. Securities Act "), or any state securities laws and may not be offered or sold within the United States or to or for the account or benefit of a U.S. person (as defined in Regulation S under the U.S. Securities Act) unless registered under the U.S. Securities Act and applicable state securities laws or an exemption from such registration is available.
About Giyani
Giyani Metals Corp. is a mineral resource company focused on the development of its K.Hill, Lobatse & Otse manganese oxide projects in the Kanye Basin, Botswana , Africa . The Company's flagship K.Hill project is a near-surface deposit currently going through a feasibility study to produce high-purity electrolytic manganese metal and manganese sulphate, both key cathode ingredients for batteries in the expanding electric vehicle (EV) market.
Additional information and corporate documents may be found on www.sedar.com and on Giyani Metals Corp. Website: https://giyanimetals.com/ .
On behalf of the Board of Directors of Giyani Metals Corp.
Robin Birchall , CEO
Neither the TSXV nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in the policies of the TSXV) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this news release.
The securities described herein have not been registered under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "U.S. Securities Act"), or any state securities laws, and accordingly, may not be offered or sold to, or for the account or benefit of, persons in the United States or "U.S. persons," as such term is defined in Regulation S promulgated under the U.S. Securities Act ("U.S. Persons"), except in compliance with the registration requirements of the U.S. Securities Act and applicable state securities requirements or pursuant to exemptions therefrom. This press release does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any of the Company's securities to, or for the account of benefit of, persons in the United States or U.S. Persons.
This press release contains "forward-looking information" within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities legislation. All statements in this news release, other than statements of historical fact, that address events or developments that Giyani expects to occur, are "forward-looking statements". Forward-looking statements are statements that are not historical facts and are generally, but not always, identified by the words "expects", "does not expect", "plans", "anticipates", "does not anticipate", "believes", "intends", "estimates", "projects", "potential", "scheduled", "forecast", "budget" and similar expressions, or that events or conditions "will", "would", "may", "could", "should" or "might" occur. Specific forward-looking statements and forward-looking information herein includes completion of the 2020 field program, geotechnical study and geophysical study; upgrading of inferred resources to higher categories of confidence, and the completion of the FS.
All such forward-looking statements are based on the opinions and estimates of the relevant management as of the date such statements are made and are subject to certain assumptions, important risk factors and uncertainties, many of which are beyond Giyani's ability to control or predict. Forward-looking statements are necessarily based on estimates and assumptions that are inherently subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. In the case of Giyani, these facts include their anticipated operations in future periods, planned exploration and development of its properties, and plans related to its business and other matters that may occur in the future. This information relates to analyses and other information that is based on expectations of future performance and planned work programs.
Forward-looking information is subject to a variety of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which could cause actual events or results to differ from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking information, including, without limitation: inherent exploration hazards and risks; risks related to exploration and development of natural resource properties; uncertainty in Giyani's ability to obtain funding; commodity price fluctuations; recent market events and conditions; risks related to the uncertainty of mineral resource calculations and the inclusion of inferred mineral resources in economic estimation; risks related to governmental regulations; risks related to obtaining necessary licenses and permits; risks related to their business being subject to environmental laws and regulations; risks related to their mineral properties being subject to prior unregistered agreements, transfers, or claims and other defects in title; risks relating to competition from larger companies with greater financial and technical resources; risks relating to the inability to meet financial obligations under agreements to which they are a party; ability to recruit and retain qualified personnel; and risks related to their directors and officers becoming associated with other natural resource companies which may give rise to conflicts of interests. This list is not exhaustive of the factors that may affect Giyani's forward-looking information. Should one or more of these risks and uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those described in the forward-looking information or statements.
Giyani's forward-looking information is based on the reasonable beliefs, expectations and opinions of their respective management on the date the statements are made, and Giyani does not assume any obligation to update forward looking information if circumstances or management's beliefs, expectations or opinions change, except as required by law. For the reasons set forth above, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking information. For a complete discussion with respect to Giyani and risks associated with forward-looking information and forward-looking statements, please refer to Giyani's financial statements and related MD&A, all of which are filed on SEDAR at www.sedar.com .
Giyani Metals CORP.
www.giyanimetals.com TSXV:EMM
SOURCE Giyani Metals Corp.
View original content: http://www.newswire.ca/en/releases/archive/December2020/04/c2947.html
News Provided by Canada Newswire via QuoteMedia
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


J Surg Oncol. 2018 Feb;117(2):284-289. doi: 10.1002/jso.24834. Epub 2017 Sep 20.
Frequent BRAF mutations suggest a novel oncogenic driver in colonic neuroendocrine carcinoma.
Idrees K1,2, Padmanabhan C1, Liu E3, Guo Y4, Gonzalez RS5, Berlin J6, Dahlman KB4, Beauchamp RD1,2,4, Shi C7.
Division of Oncology and Endocrine Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, Colorado.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.
Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
The World Health Organization (WHO) 2010 has classified GI neuroendocrine neoplasms into neuroendocrine tumor (NET) and high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC). The genetic underpinnings of NEC are poorly understood. The aim of the study was to perform genomic profiling of NEC to better characterize this aggressive disease.
We identified nine patients with colonic NEC between January 1, 2005 and June 30, 2013. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed on tumor DNA from two patients with ≥80% tumor cellularity and matched normal tissue available. Focused BRAF mutational analysis was performed on an additional seven patients via sanger sequencing of BRAF exons 11 and 15.
We identified BRAF exon 15 mutations (c.A1781G: p.D594G and c.T1799A: p.V600E) by WES in two patients. Upon additional screening of seven colonic NECs for BRAF exon 11 and 15 mutations, we identified BRAF V600E mutations in two of seven specimens (29%). Overall, BRAF exon 15 mutations were present in four of nine colonic NECs.
Colonic NEC is a rare but aggressive tumor with high frequency (44%) of BRAF mutations. Further investigation is warranted to ascertain the incidence of BRAF mutations in a larger population as BRAF inhibition may be a potential avenue of targeted treatment for these patients.


Many artists have heard some variation of "Don't quit your day job," whether from a well-meaning relative or a disgruntled boss. And while most of those artists would love to do exactly that, only a handful are able to turn their musical pastimes into full-blown careers. Burgeoning folk musician Anthony D'Amato is one of those fortunate few.
D'Amato, who recently left his own full-time job as a music publicist (and was once a music journalist), has been making waves with his forthcoming album The Shipwreck from the Shore, released via New West Records this past Tuesday. He's picking up a lot of steam — he's been praised by Spin and Paste, and he recently premiered a video on NPR Music. It's never easy for new artists to work their way up from complete anonymity to a record deal and a full-time career, but D'Amato represents a rare kind of workman-like diligence and devotion to his craft. Fueled by heartbreak, persistent study, hard work and a deep love of music, he's making his dreams real and that heart comes across his record loud and clear.
On the surface, there isn't too much to distinguish D'Amato from his peers. His modern take on folk rock places him among acts like Conor Oberst and Josh Ritter, the latter of whom D'Amato cites as a major influence, making him the latest in a very long line of guitar-toting troubadours vying for airplay and attention. But while the formula is nothing new, it's D'Amato's detailed, confessional lyrics, which he honed in college, that set him apart from his Mumford-mimicking counterparts, establishing him as a force to be reckoned with in acoustic music.
D'Amato began honing his craft as a child, learning piano in elementary school and picking up the guitar around age 12. "I think I knew from a pretty young age that I wanted to be doing music as a career," he told Mic. "It was always something that I felt really drawn to. I was always kind of working towards that as the goal."
He's approached that goal with some serious dilligence and care. He wrote his senior thesis at Princeton on Bruce Springsteen and has studied the music industry from the perspective of music journalism and music publicity alike. He began writing songs in high school and recorded his first album out of his dorm room at college, where he studied under Pulitzer Prize-winning poet Paul Muldoon. "He's a humongous rock music fan," D'Amato said of Muldoon, who is also a poetry editor for the New Yorker. "He wrote lyrics for Warren Zevon. So I had the opportunity, while I was in school, to work with him. The first record that I put out was a bunch of songs that kind of came out of this time I spent working with him on studying lyrics. We didn't work together on this record because I graduated a few years ago, but the things I learned from working with him are things I carry with me and things I think about when I'm working on lyrics every day."
Though D'Amato's writing chops have sharpened over the years, his process can still take him by surprise. "There's not one exact route that works for everything," he said of his songwriting. "Once it feels like there are some words that are fitting the actual shape of the song and the feel of the song, then I start to dig down into the lyrics and find out what the song is about and try to build it out from there. Other times I'll wake up and I'll have a whole verse in my head."
D'Amato also credits his experience working in the industry as being integral to his success as a musician. "I've always been of the opinion that the more you can know about all sides of the music industry, the better," he explained. "At the end of the day, no one is as invested in it as you are, in terms of your career and your music. So being able to understand the other moving parts that are going on, like publicity and radio and marketing, is really important. It's great to hand those off to the people who are the experts, but to be in the loop and aware and part of the decision-making process is really important."
Part of that studious approach to music is D'Amato's abillity to assemble a folk dream team on this record. It's still early in the game for D'Amato, but he's already seen some long-held dreams come true. "Josh Ritter is one of my favorite songwriters in the world," he said. "I got to play a show with Josh after we finished the record, which was a very cool experience." D'Amato was also able to work with Ritter's longtime collaborator Sam Kassirer, who produced The Shipwreck from the Shore, and members of Bon Iver and Megafaun, two dominant bands in the modern indie-folk scene.
D'Amato's story might sound too good to be true, but it was one that unfolded with a lot of hard work and careful planning. "I'd been waiting for the right time to make that leap," he explained. "If you do it too soon, you're not going to land well and it's not going to last and you're not going to be able to sustain it. So I was trying to keep building things up until the point I was able to make that leap and hit the ground running."


text:
Vinyl Record Memories
Relive the Times, The Music, The Golden Age of Vinyl Records.
Vinyl Record Lovers Newsletter
Welcome to my monthly Newsletter. Thank you for subscribing.
The golden age of vinyl records and all things retro are the highlights of my Newsletter.
Writing stories based on my vinyl record collection is my way of sharing memories and keeping the oldies alive.
I do appreciate the time you take to read my newsletter.
Issue 048 - February, 2017
American Roadside Culture.
Clothier to the King.
Remembering those who left us in 2016.
The Original Country Doo-Wop Show.
The Cincinnati Sound - Randy McNutt
Over the past few weeks I have received emails in reference to the January 2017 Newsletter and the link to the book "The Cincinnati Sound."
Most were not aware that King records was located in Cincinnati and listening to the song "Honky Tonk" before reading the short article some were surprised to learn the song was recorded at King Records.
Cincinnati's King and Fraternity Records released hundreds of hits for James Brown, Hank Ballard and the Midnighters, Cowboy Copas, Lonnie Mack, and the Casinos.
Growing up North of Cincinnati in Hamilton, Ohio I was no stranger to some of the local clubs and roadhouses located in and around the Hamilton area. I met a young Lonnie Mack at a dusty roadhouse in 1961 called the Twilight Inn, located between Hamilton and Oxford, Ohio.
I was surprised to see the owner of Hamilton's Ruby records in the book as I was dating his daughter during the 61-62 school year. A special thank you to my buddy, Johnny Wells for sending me this memory filled book.
A native of Hamilton, Ohio, Randy McNutt began is career as an independent record producer. He has written twenty books on music, writing and history. You can see all of his books here.
Burma-Shave - Nuggets of Roadside Wisdom.
It's been more than a half century since the last Burma-Shave sign was installed on the many back-roads across America.
It was back in 1925 a young Allan Odell pitched this great sales idea to his father, Clinton.
Use small, wooden roadside signs to pitch their product, Burma-Shave, a brush-less shaving cream. Dad wasn't wild about the idea but eventually gave Allan $200 to give it a try.
Sales began to soar and Allan and his brother were putting up signs everywhere. As the years passed the signs found their sense of humor and turned into the fun part of a family trip.
The familiar white on red signs, grouped by four, fives and sixes. You'd read first one, then another, anticipating the punch line on number five and the familiar Burma-Shave on the sixth.
At their height of popularity there were some seven thousand Burma-Shave signs stretching across America. But things began to change in the late fifties.
Cars got faster and superhighways were the way to travel. The fun little signs were being replaced by huge, unsightly billboards.
1963 was the last year for new Burma Shave signs. No more red and white nuggets of roadside wisdom to ease the journey.
Shop like a King - Dress like a Rockstar.
In the beginning Lansky Bros, located on Beale Street in Memphis, featured colorful window displays with bright colors and flashy designs that were intended to bring attention to the artist onstage.
This, of course, was precisely what would catch the attention of a young Elvis Presley in 1952.
Lansky, in an 2001 interview, recalls a conversation with a pre-"King" Elvis. He saw a young man outside the store looking at the window display. He went outside and invited the young man to come in and look around.
Mr. Lansky recalled, referring to Presley in the interview. "When I get rich, I'll buy you out." I said, 'No, don't buy me out, just buy from me."
And buy from Lansky, he did. It was Lansky who first dressed Elvis in high collared shirts, pegged pants, and even went on to define Elvis' favorite color combination (black, with pink piping).
In 1956, Elvis turned to Lansky to ensure he looked his best for what would become an iconic first performance on the Ed Sullivan show.
Mr. Lansky was not responsible for the sequined jumpsuits Presley adopted in his Las Vegas years, but he did choose the white suit he wears in the grave.
We don't often remember those who remained behind the scenes over the years and some who created one hit wonders and have been all but forgotten.
These are some of the men and women I remember who made the music we all take for granted that passed away in 2016.
Take some time and look over the list. You may not know who they are but you can now pay your respects to the men and women who helped make the oldies we all love.
07 – Troy Shondell, Singer – only big hit was "This Time (We're Really Breaking Up)" – age 76
07 – Kitty Kallen, Singer – Big Band Era, biggest hit was '"Little Things Mean a Lot" – age 94
10 - David Bowie, 69. Broke pop and rock boundaries with his creative musicianship, striking visuals and a genre-spanning persona as he christened his alter ego Ziggy Stardust in 1972.
18 - Glenn Frey, 67. Rock 'n' roll rebel who co-founded the Eagles and with Don Henley formed one of history's most successful songwriting teams with such hits as "Hotel California" and "Life in the Fast Lane."
03 – Maurice White, Musician / songwriter – founding member of Earth, Wind & Fire – age 74
22 – Sonny James, Country Music Singer/Songwriter – the first teenage country crossover #1 single "Young Love" – age 87.
Known as The Southern Gentleman, Sonny James was one of the most popular and successful country artists of them all racking up more than 75 hits in a chart career that lasted three decades through to 1983.
08 - George Martin was The Beatles' urbane producer who quietly guided the band's swift, historic transformation from rowdy club act to musical and cultural revolutionaries. - age 90.
06 - Merle Haggard, 79. Country giant who rose from poverty and prison to international fame through his songs about outlaws, underdogs and an abiding sense of national pride in such hits as "Okie From Muskogee" and "I Take a Lot of Pride in What I Am." Visit Merle's songs and video pages here.
21 – Lonnie (Mack) McIntosh, Guitarist – pioneered the 'lead guitar solo's, "Wham!" & "Memphis."
Stevie Ray Vaughan, Eric Clapton and many other greats were influenced by this blues-rock originator. - age 74
28 - Scotty Moore, Guitarist – recording engineer. He is best known for his backing of Elvis Presley in the first part of his career, between 1954 and the beginning of Elvis's Hollywood years. His Mystery Train guitar intro is the guitar sound that changed the world. – age 84
Listen and watch Scotty talk about Elvis and his first Gibson guitar.
24 - Marni Nixon. Classically trained, Ms. Nixon was throughout the 1950s and '60s the unseen — and usually uncredited — singing voice of the stars in several celebrated Hollywood films. She dubbed Deborah Kerr in "The King and I," Natalie Wood in "West Side Story" and Audrey Hepburn in "My Fair Lady," among many others. - age 86
Read the story about her famous son, Andrew Gold.
24 – Bobby Vee, Singer – "Take Good Care of My Baby", "Devil or Angel" "The Night Has a Thousand Eyes" – age 73
13 – Leon Russell, Musician / Songwriter – "A Song for You", "Tight Rope" and "This Masquerade" – age 74
A true American Hero.
08 – John Glenn, WWII & Korean War Fighter Pilot. Marine Colonel. NASA Astronaut. Senator from Ohio (1974-99). Married for 73 yrs – first American to orbit the Earth (1962) – age 95
28 – Debbie Reynolds, Actress/singer – Kathy Selden in "Singin' in the Rain", Mother of Carrie Fisher – age 84
We will always remember Debbie Reynolds at her windowsill, bathed in the moonlight, singing Tammy.
Country Doo-Wop Show!
Listen to my favorite Country Doo-Wop show Monday thru Saturday from 11am to 1pm, all times Pacific.
DJ Ned Ward turns music into memories playing yesterday's Country Favorites and the Classic Hits of the 50's and 60's Doo Wop style on the new and exciting KNCP Newberry Mix 107.3 FM.
You won't be disappointed.
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50s-60s Girl Groups
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Guitars and Cars With Video Highlights
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Hank Marvin "Apache" | Ghost Riders in The Sky
James Burton Talks About Elvis
Cool Classic Cars
Classic Cars Museum
Little Deuce Coupe
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Rockabilly Songs
Classic Artists and Albums
Buddy Holly Story
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Frankie Avalon - Venus
Johnny Maestro - 16 Candles
Key Largo - Bertie Higgins
Classic Country Artists
Mel Tillis
The Highwaymen - Waylon & Willie, Johnny Cash & Kris Kristofferson
Great Country Classics
Bandy The Rodeo Clown
Last Cowboy Song Lyrics
Abilene, My Abilene | Prettist Town I've Ever Seen!
Country Roads | Almost Heaven, West Virginia
Cowboy Campfire Songs
Cattle Call
I Want To Be A Cowboy's Sweetheart
Train Songs & Stories
City Of New Orleans | Is this the Best Train Song ever?
"Orange Blossom Special" Story
Folsom Prison Blues - Johnny Cash Biography
Mystery Train Covers | Who's the Best? (Five great covers)
My Baby Thinks He's A Train | Rosanne Cash
Imelda May | Train Kept A Rollin'
Classic Movie Songs and Musicals
Singing In The Rain (1952)
Dreaming of You (1952)
Moon River Song (1961)
Tammy Song (1957)
My Favorite Ladies on Vinyl
Hispanic-Latino Music Influence
Johnny Rodriguez
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The San Diego Union-Tribune: San Diego representatives want $2 billion to help stop cross-border sewage flows
By Gustavo Solis
San Diego Union-Tribune
Four San Diego congressional representatives want to allocate as much as $2 billion for infrastructure projects aimed at stopping the region's decades-old cross-border sewage problem.
Reps. Juan Vargas, Susan Davis, Scott Peters and Mike Levin — all of them Democrats — unveiled the Tijuana Valley Pollution Solution bill package during a press conference in the South Bay Monday morning.
Apart from potentially allocating billions of dollars for infrastructure projects on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border, the proposed legislation would also force the federal government to prioritize projects that specifically address wastewater treatment and water pollution.
San Diego is at the receiving end of a large watershed that starts in the mountains around Tijuana. When it rains, water rushes across the city picking up trash and other pollution as it flows north along the Tijuana River Valley and into the Pacific Ocean. Additionally, urban sprawl south of the border overburdens the wastewater treatment infrastructure, sending flows of raw sewage into the Pacific Ocean and prompting beach closures in Imperial Beach and Coronado.
Lack of funding for border water infrastructure projects has been one of the biggest hurdles in mitigating cross-border pollution flows, which is why the San Diego lawmakers introduced this legislative package.
"San Diego cannot really call itself America's Finest City when our beaches are constantly closed," said Davis. "That is just totally not acceptable."
The legislative package introduced Monday does not identify specific projects to solve the cross-border sewage problem. Those projects will likely be determined by the Environmental Protection Agency, which is currently studying the viability of multiple border infrastructure projects.
The lawmakers' aim is to overcome the funding hurdle by creating various revenue streams for whatever projects are ultimately selected.
The bills aim to increase capital available to two different funding sources; the North America Development Bank, or NAD Bank, and the Border Water Infrastructure Project, or BWIP.
NAD Bank is a binational financial institution overseen by both the United States and Mexican governments that can finance environmental projects on both sides of the border.
Vargas and Peters' bill — the North American Development Bank Pollution Solution Act — authorizes the federal government to purchase 150,000 shares of NAD Bank's capital stock; thus increasing the bank's capital by $1.5 billion.
The bill also directs the bank to prioritize projects related to wastewater treatment, water conservation and water pollution.
Additionally, the bill establishes a trust fund within NAD Bank to generate additional money. This trust fund would be a place where various federal agencies could deposit up to $400 million of unallocated funds.
"Let's be frank here," said Vargas. "It's about money. We're going to have projects ready to go and they are not going to have funding. We need the money.
BWIP is a program within the Environmental Protection Agency that funds the planning, design and construction of water and wastewater infrastructure along both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border.
Levin's proposed legislation, the Border Water Infrastructure Improvement Act, would increase the amount of money in the program to $150 million every year for the next five years.
That piece of legislation also attempts to streamline the process by waiving Mexico's obligation to match BWIP funds if cross-border pollution impacts the health and safety of Border Patrol agents or Navy personnel.
The bills included in this package have only been introduced and are not guaranteed to become law. After bills are introduced in Congress, they are referred to specific committees. Bills that make it out of committee are debated and voted on by Congress. If the bills get through that vote, they move to the Senate, which is currently controlled by Republicans. Finally, if they pass the Senate, the bills will have to be signed into law by the president.
The entire process could take one or two years.
Because of increased emphasis on security along the border — and the fact that Border Patrol agents have reported health impacts from coming into contact with raw sewage — there could be broad congressional support for the bill package, according to Paul Ganster, a professor at San Diego State University who has studied the Tijuana River for years.
However, Ganster noted that it is very difficult to predict how Congress is going to act.
"In the highly polarized political climate of Congress, I'm not sure I can predict anything," he said.
In terms of getting matching funds from Mexico, Ganster said that considering that Mexico is a developing country with lot of pressing needs, it has done a good job of securing matching funds for projects along the border in the past.
He suspects that won't change going forward. Additionally, the U.S. and Mexico are in the middle of negotiating a new trade deal, which could give the U.S. some leverage to secure more Mexican support for border infrastructure projects.
"It wouldn't be easy, but I feel fairly confident that Mexican authorities would figure out how to come up with some matching funds to move these projects along," he said.
The lawmakers also want the U.S. Navy to become a more vocal leader in their fight to address cross-border sewage.
The Navy is currently building a billion-dollar facility to train the Navy SEALs just three miles north of where the Tijuana River empties out into the Pacific Ocean. In the past, the Navy hasn't been an advocate for addressing cross-border pollution.
"I'll be quite honest," Davis said. "They actually have not picked up on our request to take a serious look at this in the past."
Davis included an amendment to a 2020 National Defense Authorization Act that directs the Secretary of the Navy to provide a briefing about the impacts of the Tijuana River sewage runoff to the Armed Services Committee.
The sewage spills have led to beach closures for decades, but Imperial Beach residents have noticed more closures in the last couple of years.
Imperial Beach's southern shoreline was closed from November through most of June due to water pollution spilling over the border from Mexico. Apart from beach closures, the pollution impacts Border Patrol agents who routinely get sick from patrolling the canyons and valleys along the Tijuana River Valley.
Imperial Beach, Chula Vista, the Port of San Diego and the San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board have sued the federal government for allowing the situation to persist. The plaintiffs would like to see a beefed-up diversion system and funding for sewage infrastructure in Tijuana. The state of California filed their own lawsuit last year.
The federal government has a collection system to divert flows in the river valley's major canyons, such as Goat Canyon and Smuggler's Gulch. Much of the polluted flows are sent to the South Bay International Wastewater Treatment plant. However, the system is routinely overwhelmed in wet weather.
Lawyers for the defense argue the government isn't legally responsible for the renegade flows that escape their collection systems, pointing out that the situation would be significantly worse without its network of pumps and capture basins.


This Benefit Summary is intended to be an overview of the County benefit programs available to regular full-time and regular part-time year-round employees. Benefits may be subject to eligibility requirements and are subject to change.
Summit County Government does not participate in Social Security. The County Retirement Income Security Program (CRISP) is Summit County's Social Security replacement plan and a 401a program. The CRISP Social Security replacement plan is 100% Employer Funded.
Regular full-time and regular part-time Summit County Government employees are not subject to Social Security deductions. The County will make a contribution based on 13.45% of your base salary, 11.4% of which will be placed in a retirement account that allows for self-direction into your choice of many investment options. You can monitor and change your account by phone or on the CRISP website. The remaining contribution of 2.05% provides life insurance, long term disability coverage, and coverage for accidental death & dismemberment.
Under certain situations, CRISP distributions are available at age 55 without penalty.
All regular full-time and regular part-time Summit County employees have a mandatory participation in the Colorado County Officials' and Employees' Retirement Association (CCOERA) retirement program after one year of continuous employment. The employee has a mandatory contribution of 3% of their base salary, which is matched by the County (3%). Contributions are pre-tax; taxes are due upon withdrawal. This retirement investment is also self-directed into your choice of a wide variety of funds. There is a five year vesting schedule that begins after the employees completes one (1) year of continuous employment (total of 6 years).
All regular full-time and regular part-time Summit County employees are enrolled in a Summit County Employer Funded CCOERA 457 deferred compensation plan of .6% that starts at date of hire.
In addition to the previously mentioned retirement plans, there is a CCOERA 457 Deferred Compensation plan that is a voluntary supplemental retirement savings plan, which is available immediately. The employee decides how much to contribute (specific % or $ amount) and the contributions can be made pre-tax and/or after-tax (ROTH). Employee decides how to invest those contributions. The 2018 maximum limits are $18,500, Age 50 or better, $24,500.
The following guidelines apply to regular full-time and regular part-time Summit County Government employees on the first of the month following 30 days of service.
Health coverage is available through pre-tax deductions at single, 2-party and family rates. The Employee Benefit plan combines with an annual voluntary Wellness Reimbursement Account (WRA) to provide coverage for medical, dental and vision benefits, and prescriptions. Health coverage is also available for domestic partner and common law marriage relationships. The County also provides a primary care clinic plan available to employees and their dependents who participate in the County's medical plan. The iCare plan through the Care Clinic is staffed with qualified healthcare professionals, including a physician and nurse at no cost to employees or their dependents.
The Flexible Spending Accounts (FSA) are available to provide pre-tax deductions for medical and dependent-care services.
Wellness Reimbursement Account (WRA) is 100% funded by the County. It is money provided by the County for our employees to help offset out of pocket expenses. The amount the participant is allotted in their WRA is based on participation in the voluntary Health Risk Assessment, biometric screening and iCare follow up visit. Additional funds may be awarded by meeting or exceeding the goals for blood pressure, cholesterol, body mass index (BMI), and tobacco/nicotine use.
Life insurance that totals 6x the employee's base annual wages.
Dependent life for dependents covered on the Summit County Government Health Plan.
Long Term Disability and Accidental Death & Dismemberment.
Summit County Government provides employees with the opportunity for income continuation in the event of major illness or non-job related injury which prevents an employee from working their normal job.
MINES and Associates is the Plan Administrator for the Employee Assistance Program (EAP) program for Summit County Government. Employees and their household members are eligible for three free confidential counseling sessions per incident per year.
Summit County Government provides a short-term subsidized rental unit to employees. Rental may be single-room or full-unit and are subject to availability on a first come, first serve basis.
All first-time Summit County home buyers who meet regular full-time employment requirements for nine months are eligible for a Down Payment Assistance loan. The lesser of 10% of your purchase price or $30,000 is available for the purchase of a Summit County home. This program is subject to availability.
Paid time off includes holiday, vacation, sick, and compensatory time off.
Holiday pay on each County observed holiday is limited to eight (8) hours for regular full-time employees. Regular part-time employees' holiday hours are prorated based on their basic work schedule. Both Priority and Non-priority holidays may be retained from year to year (with a maximum limit) and will be paid out at separation.
All regular full-time and regular part-time (prorated) employees using ten (10) hours or less sick time in the period January 1—June 30 and/or in the period July 1—December 31 may use eight (8) hours of sick leave as well time off.
All regular full-time and regular part-time employees accrue sick time on a per pay period basis. Regular full-time employees accrue at a rate of 3.69 hours per pay period. Regular part-time employees accrue prorated based on their basic work schedule.
Non-exempt employees are eligible for compensatory time off at 1.5 times the hours working in lieu of paid overtime when working over forty (40) hours in a week or eighty (80) hours in a two-week period for the 207(k) eligible employees of the Sheriff's Office.


Princetown provides Great Ocean Road travelers with the attractions of Gibson's Steps (cliff top steps to the beach - presently closed 2008 for safety); Loch Ard Gorge (a splendid opportunity to step down the boardwalk to the beach and inspect the short ocean caves); and the remains of the original 12 Apostles (with local scenic helicoptor flights).
But one of the nice, convenient places to view the easterly stretch of coast of all the above is to take the dirt road turnoff at Sherbrook River and proceed to the cliff edge. Practically from the carpark you can stand and film the coast, and on windy days, don't be surprised to see the waves crash clear up the sides of the near 200' plus high cliff walls near Loch Ard Gorge. It gives you a real appreciation of the terrible fate that bestowed the victims of the ship, the Loch Ard, and makes you wonder how the two sole remaining survivors managed to clamber to shore and take refuge in the caves in the Loch Ard Gorge (so named, after the shipwreck).
This whole area is steeped in shipwreck tragic history, yet spectacular in scenic views and experiences, be it aloft from a cliff lookout, stepping down to the beach where permitted, or way above from the many charter rides from planes and choppers operating the area.


Authors: Chapin, F. S.; Eugster, W.; McFadden, J. P.; Lynch, A. H.; Walker, D. A.
Biome differences in surface energy balance strongly affect climate. However, arctic vegetation is considered sufficiently uniform that only a single arctic land surface type is generally used in climate models. Field measurements in northern Alaska show large differences among arctic ecosystem types in summer energy absorption and partitioning. Simulations with the Arctic Regional Climate System Model demonstrate that these variations in land surface parameters and ecological processes cause variation in surface fluxes that is sufficiently large to affect the regional climate. Plausible changes in arctic vegetation in response to high-latitude warming would feed back positively to local summer warming. This local warming could extend into the boreal zone. Climate feedbacks that operate during the growing season are particularly likely to impact vegetation and ecosystem properties. These field and model results suggest that vegetation changes within a biome could be climatically important and warrant consideration in regional climate modeling.


Most of us will know someone who would have a luscious, dense and dark beard if they allowed it to grow. If shaved they will have a clean chin that lasts until mid-afternoon, at that point the shaved hairs will begin to protrude slightly from the follicle and create what is known as a five o clock shadow… some of these men will elect to shave twice a day to avoid that look. It is a look that can create the effect of a blue tinge to the chin of the wearer. A similar effect can be seen on the head of a shaved scalp – though obviously it takes longer to appear and presents slightly differently due to the hairs on the head being thinner and less dense, on the scalp that blue tinge can appear to have a green hue. We take a closer look at this anomaly of light and perception. x A Heads Up For Cotto Last week Las Vegas hosted one of those super fights it is famous for, Miguel Cotto took on Saul Alvarez in a middleweight clash of the titans. It was to be a bruising encounter that would see Cotto lose on points in an event full of Vegas shenanigans… complaints about the decision going the wrong way, Cotto's trainer complaining about the judges and Cotto himself refusing to attend the post fight press conference. But I digress. So before anyone confuses this blog with a boxing newspaper let me get back the point… or points. At the weigh-in prior to the fight Cotto turned up with a freshly shaved head. Under the TV lights there was undoubtedly a hint of green about his head – To an untrained eye this might have been confused with it maybe having a green light trained upon it, or maybe it could have been caused by his head reflecting something very green and bright just out of shot. In fact it was neither, just an excellent example of what a recently shaved head can do in the right light. Joining The Dots When those scalp hairs protrude out from the follicles they create the image a Scalp Micropigmentation procedure looks to emulate. On close inspection they are clearly recognisable as thousands of small dark dots. But move slightly further away and a strange thing happens… they begin to merge and appear slightly green. It is due to an effect that those of old enough to remember pre-digital newpapers will be familiar with. In those days photographs were produced in dots, not even colour ones. Black dots could be used to create effective black and white photographs because the brain will do the hard work of rendering them into an image. 19th Century French artists developed a technique, Pointillism, that used that function of our brain by producing paintings that were dots of colour. The picture below shows just how efficient your brain is at rendering images produced from even very large dots. The same effect is seen on a shaved head. Those protruding hairs appear as dark dots, against the background of pink or beige skin (the effect is not seen on men with dark skin) your brain can render the image into a single colour… green. If you mix black paint, to replicate the colour of the hairs, with paint that represents the skin tone you will get dark green. So there you have it, the green tinge is perfectly normal and seen on real heads with real hair. If you are ready to do something positive about your own hair loss then get in touch with your local HIS Hair Clinic for a free consultation with one of our experts. Click here to find your nearest clinic.


Great constructive argument Andy, well done.
I'm a firm believer in quality and brand, I simply don't believe in cheap values.
My philosophy is ' if anything is expensive, whether service, products or goods, then it means it is valuable and must be of great worth.
I concur very well with your argument.


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Welcome Oblivion
Album Review of Welcome Oblivion by How to Destroy Angels.
Home » Electronic » Welcome Oblivion
Record label: Columbia
Buy Welcome Oblivion from Amazon
Welcome Oblivion - Fairly Good, Based on 10 Critics
No Ripcord - 80
The singularity is a theory emergence of superintelligence through technology, whether it is through artificial intelligence, human enhancements or a mix of the two. While such a moment and its after-effects cannot be predicted with any sense of accuracy, there are some who think that the singularity will lead to the destruction of humanity, whether through an A.I. takeover or through the loss of individualism.
Trent Reznor often seems more robot than man, like he plugs in and charges up each night instead of sleeping. Luckily, his musical output has proven reliably alive. Following Nine Inch Nails' consistent excellence and stellar work scoring David Fincher's The Social Network and The Girl With The Dragon Tattoo comes the debut HTDA album, an impressively powerful affair.
Anybody who paid attention to Trent Reznor's post-Nine Inch Nails project How to Destroy Angels' two EPs would not be shocked by the coolly meditative nature of their full-length debut, Welcome Oblivion, but if there happens to be a NIN fan coming to this 2013 LP cold -- odds aren't great, but stranger things have happened -- they're likely to be shocked by how aggressive this album isn't. This isn't to say Welcome Oblivion is an ambient album or a record consumed with solipsistic navel-gazing. Rather, How to Destroy Angels frees Reznor to explore quiet, intricately textured territory with the assistance of longtime collaborator Atticus Ross and vocalist Mariqueen Maandig, who also is Reznor's wife.
Plenty of artists have constructed bands around themselves in order to fade into the background. Eric Clapton did it with Derek and the Dominos, David Bowie did it with Tin Machine and Jack White does it with whatever new iteration of players he has on the go. Trent Reznor's temporary dissolution of Nine Inch Nails and formation of How to Destroy Angels with regular musical partner Atticus Ross, his wife Mariqueen Maandig and Rob Sheridan is his chance to operate within the bounds of a collaborative group, something he's spent his entire career avoiding.
Trent Reznor excels at getting attention: A quarter-century into his career and just shy of the age of 50, he's maintained large public interest not only through the merits of a consistently risky catalog but also by couching his music in creative circumstances that the cynical might describe as stunts. Nine Inch Nails' Year Zero made its way into the world as part of a massive multimedia campaign that included a dystopian storyline, a video game, a remix album, an as-yet-unmade film and, famously, USB devices containing parts of the record left in European bathroom stalls. After exiting Interscope, he gave 2008's The Slip away, something he'd done a year earlier with his Saul Williams collaboration.
Trent Reznor is undoubtedly a Renaissance man, but he's not always creatively successful. One of the most musically and economically influential artists of the past two and a half decades, especially through his work with Nine Inch Nails, Reznor hasn't undergone the same stylistic transitions as some of his contemporaries, but has delved into a variety of simultaneous mediums, from video games to film scores. His most recent project, How To Destroy Angels, features his wife Mariqueen Maandig, his The Social Network and Girl With the Dragon Tattoo score partner Atticus Ross, and art director Rob Sheridan.
On a technical level, we can discuss Welcome Oblivion as How to Destroy Angels's first album. But realistically speaking, we all know that's not quite the proper way to put it. How to Destroy Angels came from the ashes of Nine Inch Nails when newlyweds Trent Reznor and Mariqueen Maandig teamed up with NIN holdover Atticus Ross and visual artist Rob Sheridan to make a self-titled EP in 2010.
Based on rating C-
Trent Reznor puts the human in inhuman. His Frankenstein brings monsters to life. He's one of the best at inserting genuine emotion into what, in the hands of a lesser artist, would otherwise hit the eardrums as soulless bleeps and bloops. This is the challenge he faces with every record he releases, whether via Nine Inch Nails, movie scores, or his most recent project, How to Destroy Angels.
When Trent Reznor "retired" Nine Inch Nails four years ago, it seemed he was ready to try something new. He did that in spades in his work with Atticus Ross on movie scores, a collaboration that netted him an Oscar for The Social Network, but his interim band, How to Destroy Angels, doesn't exactly tread new territory. The group, which includes Ross, Rob Sheridan and his wife, Mariqueen Maandig, has released two good but not great EPs, and Welcome Oblivion, their debut LP, was their chance to really make an impression.
Veronica Falls Waiting for Something to Happen. "I won't look back anymore," the English band Veronica Falls promises, in nicely meshed boys-and-girls harmony, on its second album, "Waiting for Something to Happen" (Slumberland). Which may be disingenuous since Veronica Falls very much ….
'Welcome Oblivion'


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Past Resident
2015: Federal Ministry for Arts, Culture, the Civil Service and Sport of Austria
Anna Jermolaewa
Anna Jermolaewa works primarily in the mediums of photography, video, and installation. Her main interest is the analysis of functional structures of society and social systems in everyday life. She continually focuses on the basic conditions of human existence and the nature of man, capturing the relationship between the individual and the masses, freedom and restriction, power and powerlessness, (especially around relationships and networks of hegemonic structures). Her photographs and videos provide information about a world of failure, through conscious and unconscious fears, desires, and passions. The result is a reflection on individual and collective historical consciousness in the form of images that remain in the viewers' mind. Through the visual telling of history and stories, she attempts to create places of remembrance.
Anna Jermolaewa was born in 1970 in Leningrad (St. Petersburg) and is currently based in Vienna. In 1998 she graduated in Art History at the University of Vienna and in 2002 the New Media class of Peter Kogler at the Vienna Art Academy. She was a Professor for Media Art at the University of Arts and Design, Karlsruhe, Germany from 2005-2011. She also had solo exhibtions in the Victoria Art Gallery, Samara (2013); Camera Austria, Graz (2012); Kunsthalle Krems (2012); Institute of Contemporary Art, Sofia (2011); Kunstverein Friedrichshafen (2009); XL Gallery Moscow (2008); and Museum Moderner Kunst, Passau (2004). Her works are part of various collections including the Stedelijk Museum, Friedrich Christian Flick Collection, Museum of Contemporary Art Kiasma, MUMOK-Museum Moderner Kunst Stiftung Ludwig, Wien, Volpinum Kunstsammlung, Museum Startgalerie Artothek, Vienna, Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Vehbi Koc Foundation, Kontakt. The Art Collection of Erste Group and Belvedere.
Salon: Lotta Törnroth and Anna Jermolaewa
Anna Jermolaewa, Gulag, 2012, Multimedia, Installation view
Anna Jermolaewa, Step Aside, 2008, Two-channel video
Anna Jermolaewa, Untitled, 2013, Multimedia, Installation
Anna Jermolaewa, Good times, bad Times, 2007, Digital print
Anna Jermolaewa, Untitled, 2007/2013, Digital print
Residents from Austria
Florian Mayr
Federal Ministry for Arts, Culture, the Civil Service and Sport of Austria
Studio #212
Evelyn Plaschg
Anaïs Horn
2014: Danish Arts Foundation
Rolf Nowotny
Rolf Nowotny's work negotiates the materiality of the world and the language anchored to it by attempting to bridge the gap between concrete and psychic landscapes. Drawing inspiration from sources as diverse as evolution, material memory, architecture, the Victorian grotesque and the general uncanny, Nowotny explores the possibility that abstract thought reaches formulation through concrete, spatial experience.
Rolf Nowotny lives and works in Copenhagen, Denmark. He graduated from the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts in Copenhagen. Recent exhibitions include Hard Words and How Can I Sleep, Christian Andersen, Denmark; Former i tillblivelse, Lunds Konsthall, Sweden and Flat Bed, Joe Sheftel Gallery, U.S. Until recently he ran the exhibition space Fauna with his wife Olga Nowotny.
Rolf Nowotny, Terraforming, 2013, Bisque fired ceramic and tea, Dimensions variable
Residents from Denmark
Charlotte Sprogøe
Danish Arts Foundation
Vibe Overgaard
Julian Juhlin
2014: Anonymous
Alexander Tovborg is known for his ability to tell a story through his work. Weaving abstract and expressive elements with figurative imagery, Tovborg uses painting, drawing, sculpture and performance to produce compelling works that engage the spectator. At the crux of Tovborg's artistic practice is the ability to draw on elements from the past to draw attention to who we are as human beings today. Taking inspiration from mythological stories, religion, and natural and social history, Tovborg explores complex metaphysical issues such as female and male archetypes, the division between the real and imaginary worlds, as well as ideas of love and hierarchy. As a result of Tovborg's intentions towards these issues, there is a spiritual quality that emanates from his work.
Alexander Tovborg (born 1983) studied at Staatliche Akademie der Bildenden Künste in Karlsruhe and graduated from the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts in Copenhagen. He is represented by Galleri Nicolai Wallner in Copenhagen and Nicelle Beauchene Gallery in New York.
Alexander Tovborg, Bocca Baciata LX, 2014, Acrylic and fabric collage on canvas, 122 × 7613/16 in. (309.88 × 195.07 cm)


Vibrant mango-orange jutti in micro leather with zari border on the edges for the traveler spirit inside you.
We recommend taking a size bigger than your normal foot size for these juttis.
Collections: FESTIVE 18, FOOTWEAR, HOLI !


A team of scientists at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University and the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences has evolved their microscale 3D printing technology to the fourth dimension, time. Inspired by natural structures like plants, which respond and change their form over time according to environmental stimuli, the team has unveiled 4D-printed hydrogel composite structures that change shape upon immersion in water.
Lewis is a Core Faculty member at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University and the Hansjörg Wyss Professor of Biologically Inspired Engineering at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science (SEAS). L. Mahadevan, Ph.D., a Wyss Core Faculty member as well as the Lola England de Valpine Professor of Applied Mathematics, Professor of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, and Professor of Physics at Harvard University and Harvard SEAS, is a co-author on the study. Their team also includes co-author, Ralph Nuzzo, Ph.D., the G.L. Clark Professor of Chemistry at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
In nature, flowers and plants have tissue compositions and microstructures that result in dynamic morphologies that change according to their environments. Mimicking the variety of shape changes undergone by plant organs such as tendrils, leaves, and flowers in response to environmental stimuli like humidity and/or temperature, the 4D-printed hydrogel composites developed by Lewis and her team are programmed to contain precise, localized swelling behaviors. Importantly, the hydrogel composites contain cellulose fibrils that are derived from wood and are similar to the microstructures that enable shape changes in plants.
Reported on January 25 in a new study in Nature Materials, the 4D printing advance combined materials science and mathematics through the involvement of the study's co-lead authors A. Sydney Gladman, who is a graduate research assistant advised by Lewis and specializing in the printing of polymers and composites at the Wyss Institute and SEAS, and Elisabetta Matsumoto, Ph.D., who is a postdoctoral fellow at the Wyss and SEAS advised by Mahadevan and specializing in condensed matter and material physics.
By aligning cellulose fibrils during printing, the hydrogel composite ink is encoded with anisotropic swelling and stiffness, which can be patterned to produce intricate shape changes. The anisotropic nature of the cellulose fibrils gives rise to varied directional properties that can be predicted and controlled. This is the reason that wood can be split easier along the grain rather than across it. Likewise, when immersed in water, the hydrogel-cellulose fibril ink undergoes differential swelling behavior along and orthogonal to the printing path. Combined with a proprietary mathematical model developed by the team that predicts how a 4D object must be printed to achieve prescribed transformable shapes, the new method opens up many new and exciting potential applications for 4D printing technology including smart textiles, soft electronics, biomedical devices, and tissue engineering.
The composite ink that the team uses flows like liquid through the printhead, yet rapidly solidifies once printed. A variety of hydrogel materials can be used interchangeably resulting in different stimuli-responsive behaviors, while the cellulose fibrils can be replaced with other anisotropic fillers of choice, including conductive fillers.
Specifically, the mathematical modeling solves the "inverse problem", which is the challenge of being able to predict what the printing toolpath must be in order to encode swelling behaviors toward achieving a specific desired target shape.
"What's remarkable about this 4D printing advance made by Jennifer and her team is that it enables the design of almost any arbitrary, transformable shape from a wide range of available materials with different properties and potential applications, truly establishing a new platform for printing self-assembling, dynamic microscale structures that could be applied to a broad range of industrial and medical applications," said Wyss Institute Founding Director Donald Ingber.
April 15, 2019 - Scientists lead the way to produce tools for engineering biomolecules Science DailyScientists have discovered how to build novel synthetic biomolecule complexes that they believe are a critical step towards biotemplated advanced materials.
April 1, 2019 - Programmable duAro robot designed to enable automation at companies of all sizes Robot ReportYour browser does not currently recognize any of the video formats available. Click here to visit our frequently asked questions about HTML5 video.
April 16, 2019 - A New Way to Build Novel Synthetic Biomolecules Technology NetworksTechnology Networks is an internationally recognised publisher that provides access to the latest scientific news, products, research, videos and posters.
July 20, 2018 - This textile's twitching tendrils hint at a future of programmable materials Popular ScienceA new type of environmentally-responsive, robotics-free material is here, thanks to MIT's Self-Assembly Lab in collaboration with Designtex and Steelcase.


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Author: Tiffany "CeissaDesiste" Toms
Combat Guide Explains the Basics of KILL la KILL – IF for Today's Demo Start
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HomeWorldThe United States condemns recent attacks in Chin State, Myanmar
The United States condemns recent attacks in Chin State, Myanmar
Ned Price, Spokesperson for the U.S. Department of State. Photo via Department of State
By THE CHINDWIN
Yangon (Chindwin) : The U.S. Department of State issues statement on the reported attacks in Chin State, Myanmar, condemning the military's actions against the civilians.
The statement reads that the United States is very concerned by reports that Burmese security forces have committed egregious human rights violations in Chin State, including reports that they have set fire and destroyed more than 100 homes and Christian churches in Thantlang, Chin State.
It is stated that U.S. condemns the Burmese regime's cruel actions against people, their houses, and places of worship, which reveal the regime's total contempt for the lives and welfare of the Burmese people and highlights the heinous crimes as the urgent need for the international community to hold the Burmese military accountable and take measures to prevent serious human rights violations, including the transfer of weapons to the military.
The Department of State asserts concerns about the increase of military operations by Burmese security forces in various parts of the nation, particularly Chin State and the Sagaing Region, demanding that the regime end the violence immediately, release all individuals who have been wrongfully jailed, and resume Burma's journey to inclusive democracy.
The U.S is set to push for accountability for the regime's heinous violence against the Burmese people for which the U.S reiterates that the U.S has been and continues to be perpetuated and stand for the Burmese people and all those striving to restore Burma's democratic path and bring the crisis to a peaceful conclusion.
Of 16 western countries that have diplomatic ties and mission offices in Myanmar, the U.S is the only country that issues statement condemning the atrocities committed in Thantlang, Chin State by the military regime in Chin State, the western Myanmar.
Chin State
Christian Churches
Sagaing region
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NanoAvionics has experienced a considerable growth during the recent years and one of its amazing outcomes is the opportunity to work with real experts in the space technology field.
One of them, who recently joined NanoAvionics is Dr. Jesper A. Larsen who took the role of Head of Systems Engineering at the company. Jesper is known in the industry as a man behind one of the first CubeSat missions in Europe and a manager of the Student Space group at Aalborg University.
Jesper – great to have you on board! Can you tell the followers of our company a little bit about yourself and your background in the space tech industry?
We started out by building CubeSats at Aalborg University as some of the first teams here in Europe, including the first CubeSat launch in 2003. There weren't many people building CubeSats back then, therefore everything had to be developed from scratch. This philosophy has stuck at Aalborg University, so even though there are now close to 100 small companies, which are selling all the components needed to build a satellite, we still keep building things from the bottom, thereby forcing students to reiterate the concept for each generation.
We have had groups on both stratospheric balloon test flight as well as several parabolic flight campaigns, on which I also flew myself in 2004, where we were testing the reaction wheels for AAUSAT-II.
In 2013 I formed a company together with a couple of my former students, which focuses on SDR based payloads for CubeSats, mainly, but not limited to maritime monitoring.
Over the years I've been given talks, lectures, and consultancy over most of the globe, from Canada and Colombia in the west to Singapore and Japan in the east, and a lot of places in between.
Where do you see the small satellite industry going in terms of key directions for the development?
The small satellites are growing up. Both in size, but also in terms of maturity. From an interesting "toy" 15 years ago, the technology has matured to a point where commercial services can be provided based on the possibilities that a CubeSat offers.
The individual subsystems are also maturing in the sense, that they start getting HW or SW redundancy built in, along with more thorough tests begin performed at the subsystem level. 10 years ago a simple random vibration test was performed for a flight acceptance and that was it. Today system engineers check the qualification programs which the subsystems have been through, which, nowadays, besides thermal and vibration also often include radiation testing.
What are the biggest challenges in this industry?
One major challenge from the technological side is that there's quite a lack of standards, both on the physical layer, but especially at the protocol layer in-between products from different vendors, which makes it quite difficult and time-consuming, if at all possible, to combine subsystems from different vendors into one satellite.
On the legal side, there's, of course, the traditional challenges with getting frequency coordination and national approval through in a timely manner. It takes about 1-2 years to get it all in place, so as long as you remember it from the beginning it not too bad.
People sometimes tend to forget, that even though the satellite is physically and monetarily small, it still takes the same effort for ITU to coordinate the frequency, for UNOOSA and the national register to register the satellite and an even bigger effort for NORAD to track the satellite as it would be for a large traditional satellite.
What advantages you see in the NanoAvionics' product portfolio?
I see two strong directions: Propulsion and integrated platform solutions.
On the propulsion side there's no good European flight proven cubesat solutions out there for orbit manoeuvres, which is needed.
On the platform side, then a turn key platform solution has a high potential, where customers could just come with their payload and it's plug-n'-launch. It's sort of like when I built my first computer – motherboard from one shop, hard disk from a second and ram from a third. Today you'd just go and buy a pre-assembled computer, where you know that all the parts work together and has been tested together. The same will happen for the more professional side of the CubeSat market, where customers are just interested in the data from the payload, and how they get it does not matter anymore.


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Атави́зм (от  «отдалённый предок») — появление у отдельных организмов данного вида признаков, свойственных отдалённым предкам, но отсутствующих у ближайших, то есть утраченных в ходе эволюции. Проявление атавизма в онтогенезе особи объясняется тем, что древние гены (и морфогенетические системы), ответственные за данный признак, сохраняются в геноме, но их действие при нормальном развитии блокируется другими генами (репрессорами). В развитии отдельных особей по различным причинам блокирующее действие может быть снято и признак проявляется вновь. Иногда атавизм возникает при регенерации утраченных особью органов, а также при ретардации — задержке онтогенетического развития какого-либо признака на ранних стадиях.

Атавизмы у животных
Примеры атавизма: трёхпалость у современных лошадей, задняя пара плавников у китообразных (развившихся из рудиментарных костей).

У человека
Хвостовидный придаток, сплошной волосяной покров на теле, добавочные пары молочных желез. Отдельные признаки (например, незаращение предсердной перегородки и некоторые другие врождённые пороки сердца) могут служить основой для возникновения патологических изменений или препятствовать нормальному функционированию организма.

В популярной литературе атавизмами часто называют явления, для которых современная наука установила другую природу — например, микроцефалию и заячью губу.

Атавизмы у растений
Атавизмы встречаются и у растений. В качестве примера можно привести цветки, появление 10 тычинок у первоцветов, имеющих в нормальном состоянии 5 тычинок. 10 тычинок имели далекие предки данного растения.

Атавизмом у растений является возникновение у австралийских акаций перистосложных листьев. Обычно у акаций листовые пластинки отсутствуют, черешки преобразованы в филлодии, плоские листоподобные образования, но иногда у акаций появляются перистосложные листья.

См. также
 Доказательства эволюции: Атавизмы
 Рудиментарные органы
 Экзаптация

Примечания

Литература
 Hall, B. K. Developmental mechanisms underlying the formation of atavisms. Biol. Rev., 1984, v. 59, p. 89-124.
 Hall, B. K. Atavisms and atavistic mutations. Nature Genetics, 1995, v. 10, p. 126-127

Ссылки

Органы (биология)
Морфологическая эволюция
Рудиментарные органы

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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The Quaternary avifauna of Crete, Greece.
Peter D. Weesie
Keywords: Avifauna; Crete; Quaternary; systematics
Pleistocene bird fossils have been studied from nine localities on Crete. Part of this material was described earlier by the author (Weesie, 1982) and will not be treated here in extenso, the results will be incorporated. More than one third of the over 10,000 fossil bird bones available could be identified ; they were found to represent at least 65 bird species. The following species of the Pleistocene Cretan avifauna are new to the fauna of Crete : Branta ruficollis, Haliaeetus albicilla, Gyps melitensis, Aquila chrysaetos simurgh n. ssp., Ketupa zeylomensis, Aegolius funereus, Dendrocopos leucotos, Zoothera dauma, Turdus iliacus and Pyrrhula pyrrhula. The Pleistocene Cretan avifauna differs less from comparable mainland avifaunas than (fossil) avifaunas from oceanic islands do. Still, the Pleistocene Cretan avifauna has two qualities that are characteristic of island avifaunas : the almost complete absence of a group of birds (the Galliformes) and the presence of two endemic (sub)species : the giant eagle Aquila chrysaetos simurgh n. ssp. and the long-legged owl Athene cretensis (Weesie, 1982). The new subspecies is described in the present study.
These endemic birds of prey were found in association with their supposedly principal prey species (now extinct as well) : endemic mice for the owl and endemic deer for the eagle. Endemic mammals have been found in association with endemic birds of prey on many islands, not only in the Mediterranean. There is evidence that the size of endemic birds of prey becomes optimally adapted to their feeding on certain endemic mammals, especially rodents. Another characteristic of the Pleistocene Cretan avifauna is the great number of species of birds of prey. This appears to be a common characteristic of fossil avifaunas from caves on Mediterranean islands as well as from caves on the European mainland. However, we think that ecological conditions on Pleistocene Crete (especially the abundant presence of mice) helped to account for the high representation of birds of prey. Furthemore, the fossil avifauna enables us to draw some conclusions about the climate and vegetation on Pleistocene Crete : it is concluded that the climate was cooler than today and that Crete was largely covered with forests. Finally, the reasons for the extinction or disappearance from Crete of some bird species of the Pleistocene Cretan avifauna are discussed.
Mammals and stratigraphy of the continental mammal-bearing Quarternary of South America
Larry G. Marshall, Annalisa Berta, Robert Hoffstetter, Rosendo Pascual, Osvaldo A. Reig, Miguel Bombin and Alvaro Mones
Keywords: Geochronology; Mammalia; Quaternary; South America; Stratigraphy
Previous chronological arrangements of South American Quaternary land mammal faunas are appraised on the basis of current geological and paleontological data. Three South American late Pliocene-Pleistocene land mammal ages are conventionally recognized, from oldest to youngest, the Uquian, Ensenadan, and Lujanian ; all are defined on Argentine faunas.
The Uquian is based fundamentally and historically on the fauna from the Uquía Formation in Jujuy Province, northwestern Argentina. Important known formations in Argentina yielding Uquian Age faunas include the sub-surface Puelche Formation (or Puelchense) near the city of Buenos Aires, and the Barranca de Los Lobos and Vorohué Formations between Mar del Plata and Miramar, Buenos Aires Province. A tentative subdivision is propos-ed for the Uquian into three subages based on knowledge of the Mar del Plata-Miramar sequence, from oldest to youngest, the Barrancalobian, Vorohuean, and Sanandresian. In Argentina the Uquian is presently marked by the first known record of Scelidodon, Hydrochoeropsis, Ctenomys, Canidae, Ursidae, Gomphotheriidae, Equidae, Tapiridae, Camelidae, Cervidae, and the last known record of Thylatheridium, Thylophorops, Dankomys, Eumysops, Pithanotomys, Eucoelophorus, Hegetotheriidae, Sparassocynidae, and Microtragulidae.
The Ensenadan Age is based on the fauna from the Ensenada Formation near the city of Ensenada, Buenos Aires Province. In Argentina the Ensenadan is marked by the first known record of Lomaphorus, Neothoracophorus, Plaxhaplous, Cavia, Lyncodon, Lutra, Galera, Smilodon, Dicotyles, Lama, Vicugna, the last known record of Orthomyctera, and the only known record of Brachynasua.
Typícal beds of late Lujanian Age in Argentina consist of fluvial deposits occupying stream channels, and shallow basins, often incised into beds of early Lujanian (i.e. Bonaerian of early workers) and Ensenadan Age. The Lujanian Age is based on a fauna from beds along the Rio Luján, about 65 km west of the city of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires Province. The Lujanian in Argentina is marked by the first record of Equus, Chlamyphorus, and Holochilus, and the last record of Megatherioidea, Glyptodontoidea, Arctodus (=Arctotherium), Smilodon, Litopterna, Notoungulata, Proboscidea, Equidae, Morenelaphus, and Palaeolama.
These land mammal ages are often difficult to recognize in other South American countries. The compositions of South American Pleistocene faunas vary with the environment. Some taxa were widely distributed in fossil deposits throughout the continent, but their occurrences need not reflect synchroneity. This is a result of changing climates and habitats in time. Consequently, proposed intracontinental correlations need confirmation based on magnetostratigraphy and a radioisotope time scale. Paleontologic characterizations of these land mammal ages (i.e. first and last record, and guide fossils) are useful for much of Argentina, but extensions to most of the other parts of South America are at best tenuous.
The majority of known non-Argentine Pleistocene faunas are believed to be Lujanian in age. Possible non Argentine early Pleistocene (Uquian) faunas include Ayo Ayo and Anzaldo in Bolivia, and Cocha Verde in southern Columbia. A possible middle Pleistocene (Ensenadan or early Lujanian) fauna is the Chichense of Ecuador. Paleomagnetic and radioisotopic date (MacFadden et al., 1983) clearly indicate that the greater part of the Tarija fauna (Bolivia) is Ensenadan in age.
The end of the Pleistocene and beginning of the Holocene in South America is marked by extinction of nearly all large mammalian herbivores and their specialized large predators. Radiocarbon age determinations suggest that large scale extinctions of megafauna occurred between 15,000 and 8,000 yrs. B.P. (years before present).
Published in Vol. 14, Ext (1984)
Les vertébrés fossiles de Colombie et les problèmes posés par l'isolement du Continent sud-Américain.
Jaime de Porta
Keywords: Columbia; Cretaceous; Fauna; Quaternary; South America
A general view is given of the vertebrate faunas, Cretaceous to Quaternary of age, found in Columbia and of their principal characteristics. This view leads to the discussion of the isolation of the South American continent and of the role played by the Bolivar syncline with respect to North American immigrants during the Oligocene. The absence of marine deposits of Oligocene age in the north and northwest of Columbia suggests the possibility of a communication with Central America. This communication would have permitted the passage of hystricomorph rodents, of platyrrhine monkeys, and of colubrids. The non-occupation, until then, of the ecologie niches of these groups would have favored their installation beside the indigenous fauna. In this hypothesis it would no longer be necessary to admit that these vertebrates arrived as «island hoppers ››. The eco-biologic conditions would explain the absence of large-sized forms of North American origin.


text:
__version__ = "1.1.dev"

import os

# Useful constants
PACKAGEDIR = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
MISSIONS = ['kepler', 'k2']
SCIENCES = ['exoplanets', 'astrophysics']

from .kpub import *