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Home / News / Stand For Israel / From Dreaming to Living the Dream: Israel at 71
From Dreaming to Living the Dream: Israel at 71
May 9, 2019 | By Stand for Israel | Holidays | Israel
Happy Independence Day, Israel! And Happy 71st Birthday! As the people of Israel celebrate Yom HaAtzmaut, Israel Hayom's Boaz Bismuth writes that the Jewish state is still in her early stages, ready to grow through new olim (immigrants), new children, and new challenges:
The fourth day of the Hebrew month of Iyyar, and Israel is celebrating its 71st year. It sounds official in 2018, right? But that's just it, it's not. Every year, every Independence Day, brings new wonder, something uniquely Israeli. Members of my generation, who were born into the reality of a sovereign Israel, are still moved every time: how was our generation privileged to fulfill the dream of our forefathers, the founders of the state, the dream of the return to Zion – "we were like those who dream." Why us? Wondering why assumes that our generation is better than the ones before us, because we managed to bring about what our predecessors could not. That's a mistake.
The state of Israel is the fruit of the work of many generations. One after another passed to the next the baton of the dream and the vision. It was a mission, both personal and collective. Judaism and Zionism have been running a relay race for thousands of years. An eternal initiative. My god, may it never end. Maybe herein lies the secret of our success: this is an initiative that is constantly in the making. At age 71, despite its success, the Zionist enterprise is still in its infancy. The country is still waiting for new residents, new immigrants, new babies, and new challenges. Like it was on its first Independence Day. Even 100 years from now, our great-grandchildren will still be thrilled when Israel marks its 171st anniversary. That is how it is on Israel's Independence Day. From "we were like those who dream" we have become a people who live the dream; from the poem by Bialik to the guy who fixes the barbecue grill, we are still searching for the right balance.
The wonderful idea of the state of Israel contains an inherent contradiction: on one hand, the land has always been promised to us; on the other, at age 71 we are still a people in denial. This contradiction between the dream and the reality began in the time of our patriarch Abraham, the founder of the Israelite nation, who when the great promises made to him prompted him to leave everything and go into the land of Israel, was forced to exert all his strength to buy a grave for his wife at an exorbitant price. The stubborn opposition of various nations throughout history to recognize our people's national and religious idea – establishing an independent state of our own – help makes Independence Day such a delicious holiday…
More than 9 million Israeli citizens, including the employees of Israel Hayom – and me, as their representative – say today, and every day: Thank you. We remember the 23,741 fallen who died so we could live and gave us the fulfillment of the dream and this wonderful country. And you, our readers and all the citizens of Israel of every faith, look around and tell me – would you really want to live in any country besides our lovely little Israel, who is 71 today? Happy Independence Day!
Tags: Holidays Israel


Although reasonable efforts have been made to ensure that electronic information on the Wisconsin Insurance Plan web site is complete, accurate, and timely, we do not represent that the information is complete, accurate, and timely in all instances. All information is subject to change on a regular basis, without notice.
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For debit card payments and checking or savings account payments, a $1.95 fee is charged in addition to the premium payment.
This fee is separate from the primary obligation being paid. It will appear on the insured's credit card or bank statement as a separate charge.


Powerful animal with mystical meaning: The elaborately handcrafted THOMAS SABO scorpion ring passes on its desire for freedom and its inherent protective instinct to the wearer.
Crafted in a three-dimensional manner like a sculpture, the ring is an extraordinary companion. In addition to the intensely luminous abalone mother-of-pearl inlays, over 110 hand-cut and hand-set stones decorate the piece of jewellery and make it an absolute masterpiece of the iconic THOMAS SABO world. Crafted down to the last detail, even the ring shaft with its tendril ornamentation is a testimony to its artistry.
The THOMAS SABO scorpion ring adds a truly extraordinary statement to any personal ring collection.


text:
HCM City plans on special zones for street food vendors
Ho Chi Minh City authorities are planning to establish separate areas for street food vendors along some 159 routes following the successful operation of its 'food streets' in the past months.
Hanoi's street food gets a contemporary makeover
Da Nang market gives you a true taste of Vietnamese street food
The food corner on Nguyen Van Chiem Street in District 1, Ho Chi Minh City
Leaders of district-level administrations across the southern hub have proposed reserving specific zones for local street food sellers.
Surveys are being carried out on 159 streets in the city to prepare for the potential establishment of such food hubs.
The proposal is aimed at providing a legitimate place for vendors and ensuring order along city sidewalks.
It follows the opening of the first 'food streets' on Nguyen Van Chiem Street and at Bach Tung Diep Park in District 1.
The Nguyen Van Chiem 'food street' was opened on August 28. A total of 40 businesses take turns to operate on two shifts: between 6:00 am and 9:00 am in the morning, and 11:00 am to 1:00 pm in the afternoon.
The second food hub was introduced at Bach Tung Diep Park in early October. It is home to up to 30 catering businesses run by former street vendors, who also take turns to occupy the stalls on two shifts: from 6:00 am and 9:00 am, and from 11:00 am to 2:00 pm.
L., a vendor on Nguyen Van Chiem Street, said the new venue has helped her sell more food compared to when she was operating along local sidewalks.
Officials at seven out of 10 wards in District 1 have already submitted their proposals on similar models.
In Binh Thanh District, an examination is being carried out to prepare for the trial of a food hub on the promenade of Dien Bien Phu Street, in front of HUTECH University.
A vendor sells his food on a street in Ho Chi Minh City
About 20 stalls will be established for local residents to sell their dishes, said Duong Hong Thang, vice-chairman of the Binh Thanh People's Committee.
More 'food streets' will be opened in the neighborhood following the test run, Thang added.
According to Tran Thanh Binh, vice-chairman of the People's Committee in District 3, the administration is mulling over several food corners at the Turtle Lake and nearby streets, namely Vo Van Tan, Tran Cao Van, and Pham Ngoc Thach.
The plan is to provide favorable conditions for street vendors to earn a living, Binh elaborated.
Careful consideration
The city's Urban Traffic Management Zone No. 3 has recently suggested the establishment of a food hub at Gia Dinh Park, Go Vap District.
According to Deputy Chairman Nguyen Huu Nghia, authorities are weighing whether the size of the park is sufficient given the large number of vendors in the district.
If there is not enough space, the plan will go sideways, resulting in more regular occupation of sidewalks and roadways, Nghia explained.
Tuoitrenews
Tag authorities establish HCMC Ho Chi Minh city separate society street food vendors
Vietnam wins high prizes at Seoul International Invention Fair
First dialogue on ocean governance strategies opens in Hanoi
Vietnamese overseas agencies care for Vietnamese citizens
Japan funds over $ 640,000 for various projects in Vietnam
Project supporting gender equality in ethnic minority areas approved
Government to allocate $44 million to flood-hit localities

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Brrrrring brrrrrring – 'Madison Oakley good afternoon Willum speaking', "Hi Will its Mr B, how are you keeping", "Very well thanks Mr B apart from a lingering cold, all is well and yourself?", "Fine and dandy sir thank you. Anyway Will, I don't want to take up your time so just a quick one but my solicitor who is sorting out my affairs needs a value for my house. They have told me I can get this instantly online at one of these sites that do them. I just want to know which one you recommend?"…..
"They said what Mr B!!? I'd be careful with that, especially in your circumstances"…..
So, to give you some context – Mr B lives on one of those roads in Bath that is very long (stretching around 1.3 miles) and has properties at one end that will cost you no less than £1.2m. In the middle, you can find some ex-council semi's for around £250,000 & flats for £185,000. At the far end, there are early Victorian terraces for £300,000, some 1930's semis for £400,000 and a few detached houses or bungalows of varying styles. So, in the space of 1.3 miles, you have a vast range of properties all on the same road. This does not even take into account the surroundings – at one end, houses back onto a busy main road but at the other, its fields behind.
If you're thinking that "surely this system just works out and average £ per sq ft price and punches out a figure" then again you will be wrong. Well, it could operate like that but this methodology does not work in Bath, as we've been trying to educate out of area buyers for many years.
The value of a property is based upon many factors – style, size, plot, amenities, condition, location, aspect, neighbours, potential, parking etc. The vast majority of these 'Instant Valuation' PropTech bot systems pull their data from the Land Registry which only gives a few bits of info on the property (number of bedrooms, price & if its detached/terraced etc…).
I know a 4 bed semi detached at the far north side of this road will cost you £1.3million. In the middle part of the street you could pick up a 4 bed for £300,000. What this basic summary is not telling you is that the North end one is an incredible 25000sqft 4 storey Edwardian villa with balcony, parking, garage, some of the best views of Bath and a huge garden. The other property is an ex council original 3 bed that's been turned into a 4 bed student let by using one of the reception rooms. Average price therefore of the 4 bed semis on this road = £800,000? I'm either going to be a dead chuffed ex council house owner or a very disappointed Edwardian home owner in negative equity!
Why are professional bodies referring bots to do significantly important tasks when they should know better, especially when dealing with most people's largest asset? This is where I have a huge issue with how we are starting to rely on PropTech. The tech is in its infancy and at the present moment from a valuation bot point of view, vastly inaccurate. Relying on this could and will have costly repercussions.
To tie this off, I tried it out for Mr B. The in depth research I did for him as an experienced professional agent brought his house out at a comfortable £675,000 – £700,000. The most commonly used PropTech 'House Price' checker gave a range of £432,000 to £585,000 with an estimated value of £509,000.


What's better than one bad-boy boss? How about two?
In a duet of naughty novellas, a charity date auction turns into all-out war when a pair of powerful corporate lawyers each buy the other's assistant for a weekend of seduction.
Warning: Not safe for work! Bought by the Boss depicts sexual situations in an office setting and is intended for mature audiences.
I've wanted Aria Finley from the moment I met her.
We flirt, we laugh, we connect. It could be perfect.
She's even best friends with my assistant.
Problem is, she works for my archnemesis—Jackson Keller—and she's the kind of girl who stays loyal unless you give her a reason not to.
Besides my hard-on there's something hot between us, and I won't rest until I put my finger on it.
So when I get the chance to buy Aria for the weekend at a charity auction, there's no limit.
I'm going to take her home and take what I want because I'll make her want it too.
And by Monday, she'll know she's mine.
Liam Maxwell thinks he can get to me through my assistant.
Well, two can play that game.
Now Mallory Beckett—Liam's assistant—is mine for the weekend.
Only she has no idea who bought her at the charity auction.
This is going to be worth every penny.
But soon I realize that Mallory has been waiting for my touch all along.
What starts as a fling turns into something more.
From the beginning, I was so focused on stealing her away.
I never thought about the fact that I'd drown if I lost her.
Now the game has changed. And she needs to know that she belongs to me.


text:
What Bonneville Salt Flats can teach us about CEQA exemptions
The Bonneville Salt Flats need to be saved. The location where many of the world-records for land speed have been set is in danger. A combination of years of racing, plus the construction of Interstate 80 and alterations in salt mining techniques has meant that the hard salt surface of the flats (similar in hardness to concrete) has worn down and is not being replaced. There is a risk that in a few years high-speed racing will no longer be feasible at the flats.
This might not sound like an environmental crisis. But much of the rhetoric of those involved in the controversy is environmental. The headline of the New York Times article (in the Automobile section, of course) is Conserving Utah's Fragile Salt Flats. There is an organization formed by the racing community called "Save the Salt." The area is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and the federal land manager (Bureau of Land Management) has designated the site an Area of Critical Environmental Concern.
Probably a lot of people who consider themselves environmentalists wouldn't think it that important to protect a site for high-speed racing. But the fight to "save" the Bonneville Salt Flats shows that there is a tremendous diversity of values and goals that people might consider environmental.
Sometimes those goals will be in tension, even when the goals are more widely embraced within the traditional environmental movement. Much of the controversy over industrial-scale solar power projects in the California desert has been around how to tradeoff one goal (rapidly increasing low- or no-carbon renewable energy production) with other goals (protecting biodiversity such as desert tortoises; protecting what is a relatively wild landscape that is visually inspiring to many people; protecting Native American cultural and spiritual resources).
In an earlier post, I discussed the dangers of creating exemptions from general environmental laws (such as CEQA) where there might be significant asymmetry in political power. But even if that asymmetry does not exist, even where the only interest groups involved are environmental groups or other citizen groups, these kinds of exemptions have a risk. They identify some environmental goals as "better" or "more important" than others. That might well be true – I can very much understand the argument that some local environmental harms in the California desert are worth massively increasing renewable energy to help deal with the problem of climate change. But it carries a political risk.
Those whose goals and values are identified as "less important" through statutory exemptions are surely going to be frustrated and angry. They may question why the general environmental law deserves support, if their preferences are not going to be considered.
This is important because environmental law is statutory law in the United States, always subject to revision and repeal. Those laws are more likely to be sustainable if they have more allies – whether they be proponents and opponents of solar power projects, or even racing enthusiasts. Some environmentalists might question whether the Salt Flats should be identified as an Area of Critical Environmental Concern, arguing that this diminishes what it means to be an environmental problem. But a big tent might mean all the more support for BLM's ability to protect environmental values – of a wide range – on its lands. The same may be true for CEQA.
Guest Contributor Sharaban Tahura Zaman: COP26 outcome on Carbon Markets: Takeaways for the Global South
Eric Biber is a specialist in conservation biology, land-use planning and public lands law. Biber brings technical and legal scholarship to the field of environmental law…
POSTS BY Eric
What power does the state have over land-use regulation in California?
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Why Local Governments Underproduce Housing
Local control over land-use regulation means local governments focus more on the harms than the benefits of housing
Delayed harm and the politics of climate change, reconsidered
How much does zero emissions warming commitment matter, and what are its political implications?
Reforming the California Endangered Species Act
Updating the state's landmark biodiversity law for the twenty-first century
If not Berkeley, where?
Court order freezing UC Berkeley enrollment raises critical questions about how California provides for equitable growth in the state


Following on from our discussion of the NellyCOM serial communications interface in the last newsletter, we have recently been using this communications port to develop a small prototype set of signal lights.
Seemingly a fancy little notion perhaps, this has actually proved very useful when operating the Nelevator; a quick glance at the signals instantly tells you if the Nelevator is stationary and if it's safe to drive your trains in or out.
We have received over 160 orders for the Nelevator, with our first dating back to September 2015, and have shipped just over ten N gauge units so far.
We are extremely cognoscente of our bottleneck in production; desperately trying to juggle the day job running a product design business with building Nelevators! As such we are currently in the process of taking on an apprentice to try to help alleviate the work load and get back orders out as soon as possible.
To be fair to everyone we will be delivering them in the order they came in as we're sure you can understand.
When will I get my Nelevator?
As the shipping dates approach for each order we will be getting in touch with you to confirm your requirements and organise delivery.
Rather than relying on couriers and expensive packaging solutions, and to ease with the UK delivery of orders, we've invested in a second-hand delivery van to ensure your Nelevator reaches you in perfect condition; and we'll help install it too!
Delivery of the first batch has been slower than we would have liked, pushing the second batch back a bit. However, we are hoping when our new apprentice starts to pick up speed and may be even claw back some lost time.
While the OO design is finalised, and we've been demonstrating the short OO prototype unit at recent shows, we haven't actually shipped any OO units yet.
The vast majority of components between the OO and N gauge units are identical, however there are a few key custom mouldings that are different. Being a small, self-funded start-up business we've had to wait to ship a few N gauge units in order to release much needed funds to pay for the new moulding tools for the OO units, which should be happening soon.
Thank you once again for your interest in the Nelevator and your continued patience if you're waiting for delivery.
We look forward to bringing you further updates soon and perhaps meeting you at one of the shows.
Unfortunately due to a plethora of reasons, both technical and commercial, we won't be able to produce an app for Apple devices, but do have a basic demo app for Android devices.
Yes, we do also hope to be able to ship to Australia and are currently working on the packaging solution at the moment.
Thanks. There are quite a few MERG members here so maybe that could simplify things.
Any idea what the freight cost to Australia is likely to be.
It's good to hear that MERG is active in Australia too. We are currently working with MERG who are looking at developing an interface between their CBUS system and the Nelevator, so that may prove useful to you also.
Until we have the final packaging solution I'm afraid we won't be able to give you an accurate freight cost to Australia, but we're getting closer as we now have the first prototype of the packaging.
PE28 3 AR United Kingdom.
My wish is that You build this Board so , that the Nelevator is already installed by You. Including the 2 Circuits. Just as it was presented in London by You for N Gauge. I think it is best for the simpler and quick construction of us in my Room. i Need the Price and the Bank Connection ( or via Paypal ) from You, so I can pay the 50% . Please send me the measurements from Your Board, so I can measure it ( in mm ).
I hope , You understand my English.


We've started back with a bang. This term we are going to be learning about the rainforest. We have started looking at the Jungle Book as part of our English work. So far this week, we have been looking at the story to remember the key events. We've had a go at talking through the story and we also made different scenes to depict the different points in the story. We have been getting very creative and this will help us when we write our own adventure story!


Evelien de Jong received her Medical Doctor degree and started in 2004 as a resident in Internal Medicine at the VU University medical center in Amsterdam. During her study Internal Medicine in 2008 she was given the opportunity to perform a clinical internship in Internal Medicine and Intensive Care at the Diakonessenhuis in Paramaribo, Surinam. Here she became interested in Infectious Diseases and upon returning to the VU University medical center she started a fellowship to become an infectiologist. Besides her fellowship she also worked for an organization named 'HIV-education' and taught physicians and healthcare workers in Cameroon, Kenia and Indonesia about HIV transmission and treatment. During her fellowship in Infectious diseases she became involved in several research projects in Intensive Care Medicine. After becoming a registered internist-infectiologist in 2010 and spending a lot of time in the department of Intensive Care for research projects, she decided to start a combined fellowship and PhD candidate in the Intensive Care department. She was registered as an intensivist in 2013 and worked for another year as intensivist at the VU University medical center in Amsterdam. Since April 2014 she works as an infectiologist-intensivist at the Red Cross Hospital in Beverwijk in the Netherlands. Her PhD thesis focussed on biomarkers, specifically procalcitonin in critically ill patients.


code was properly entered and is reflected in your total price. After all, these are the people that will actually be coming to save your Wazoo! Read our expert guide to finding promo codes for stores that rarely offer them. Go back to m and proceed to checkout. These coupons allow people to make the right choices and save big every time.
On average, we launch 1 new Wazoo Survival Gear promo code or coupon each month, with an average discount of 24 off and an average time to expiration of 15 days. Only a few days left to to take advantage of this deeply discounted event. Read these expert tips. We're going, what's your excuse? You have been bugging us for an update and have every right. Upon purchase, a card with the value along with a unique code will be mailed to the address supplied. But, one of the biggest downsides of gift cards is the waste that they create after someone is finished using. If you have any questions about using your coupons online, please contact m Customer Service. Even the wood is from trees found here in the.S. As of today, we have 2 active Wazoo Survival Gear sales. We are currently traveling to the Pathfinder Gathering in Ohio.


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Compelling curvatures of leaves, canes and tendrils. Vivid, pillowy, plump, fat or oval, hunky or discreet clusters of fruit. Dancing on taut wires, or hanging freely in the wind.
Cracked crevices in twisting trunks and gnarled spurs. Green, resiny, composting scents of scrub, woodland and underbrush. Rocks, gravel, sand and loam. Lonely barns, buzzing insectories.
Moon dusty flatlands, killer slopes, dreamy hillsides. Sweet, heady, funky or wild party-like fermentations.
Blinding sun, cutting wind, miserable rain. Smidgens of oak, cold steel, flashing light, tinkling glass. Sticky hands, grimy faces, stained teeth, prickling burred jeans, filthy shoes.
These are sensations that mean something to a sommelier.
At least to an ex-sommelier (28 years of my prior life) who is still driven by that original thirst; a consuming curiosity. Seeking signs, any hint or direct correlation, between what is found in the field and what ends up in a bottle… or photograph.
This, really, is the only thing that interests me. Opening those proverbial doors of perception; through words (not numbers!) and, hopefully, images.


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Main Page

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modules » wxluadebug » src

wxlstack.cpp File Reference
#include "wx/wxprec.h"

#include "wx/wx.h"

#include "wx/imaglist.h"

#include "wx/artprov.h"

#include "wx/listctrl.h"

#include "wx/splitter.h"

#include "wx/progdlg.h"

#include "wx/clipbrd.h"

#include "wxluadebug/include/wxlstack.h"

#include "wxlua/include/wxlua.h"

#include "wxlua/include/wxlcallb.h"

#include "wxluadebug/include/wxldebug.h"

Include dependency graph for wxlstack.cpp:

Go to the source code of this file.

Classes

class  	wxLuaStackListCtrl

Defines

#define 	DUMMY_TREEITEM   wxT("  ")

Functions

void 	wxLuaPrependComboBoxString (const wxString &str, int max_strings, wxComboBox *combo)

Define Documentation

          #define DUMMY_TREEITEM   wxT("  ")

Definition at line 42 of file wxlstack.cpp.

Referenced by wxLuaStackDialog::CollapseItem(), and wxLuaStackDialog::FillTableEntry().

Function Documentation

          void wxLuaPrependComboBoxString
          (
          const wxString &
           str,

          int
           max_strings,

          wxComboBox *
           combo

          )

Definition at line 748 of file wxlstack.cpp.

Referenced by wxLuaStackDialog::OnFind().

<address style="text-align: right;">Generated on Tue Jul 13 10:30:39 2010 for wxLua by

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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Labor Condition Application (LCA) Database
LCA Case Number:
LCA Database Instructions: Enter LCA Case Number in this format: I-123-12345-123456. Click Search to retrieve all details about the Labor Condition Application, including employer name, job title, salary, work-site location, case status, and more. LCA is a mandatory step in H-1B applications. Prospective employers must obtain LCA approval from the Department of Labor before they can hire foreign workers in H-1B, H-1B1 or E3 status.
LCA Search Results
Enter a case number to search complete LCA information from the database.
See below for explanation of field names.
To search by employer, job title, and/or city, check out our H-1B Database.
About LCA Database
What is LCA?
The Labor Condition Application (LCA) is a form U.S. employers must file to sponsor non-immigrant workers in H-1B, H-1B1 or E-3 visa programs. LCA is filed using Form ETA 9035E or 9035. The Department of Labor Employment and Training Administration (ETA) is responsible for certifying LCA cases. If approved, an LCA is valid for three years (H-1B and H-1B1) or two years (E-3).
Form 9035E is required for Online filing of an LCA through the ETA's FLAG system (used to be iCert System). All employers must use electronic filing, unless prior special permission is granted to submit paper form ETA-9035 by mail.
Where did the data come from?
All data came from the United States government. More specifically, LCA information released by the Department of Labor. Every year DOL publishes a massive amount of LCA and H1B data as required by transparency protocols. However, DOL releases their data in one huge spreadsheet, making it extremely difficult to search for relevant information. ImmigrationRoad.com has built this database to allow users easily find H-1B sponsors, job titles, annual salaries, work locations and much more.
Certain information, such as Federal Employer Identification Number(FEIN), personal contact info, and other confidential data are not released by the DOL, but they're quired for filing LCA.
Can you explain what each data field means?
The table above captures the content of an entire Labor Condition Application (LCA) form, published by the DOL. LCA is required for each H-1B petition. New, extension or transfer applications all must have a certified LCA to begin with. Most of the data fields are self-explanatory, but some may need clarification. We'll provide brief descriptions below. For more details, please refer to official documentation at doleta.gov.
Case ID This is Immigration Road's unique identifier, for easier tracking of millions of records. This number is not part of LCA. Everything else in this table comes directly from DOL.
Year Fiscal Year
Case number This is DOL's case number, in this format: I-123-12345-123456
Case status CERTIFIED, DENIED, WITHDRAWN, or CERTIFIED-WITHDRAWN
Case submitted Date when LCA application is submitted.
Decision date Date when DOL makes a decision regarding the case.
Visa class Classification of visa types: H-1B, H-1B1 Singapore, H-1B1 Chile, or E-3 Australian.
Employment start date Beginning date of the H1 or E3 worker's employment. LCA cannot be filed more than 6 months before employment start date.
Employment end date End date of the H1 or E3 worker's employment
Employer name Employer's full legal name. An employer may be a person, association, firm, corporation, or organization. Full legal name is the exact same name reported to the IRS.
Employer business dba Doing Business As (if a company is using another trade name other than their legal name).
Employer address Street address of the employer's principal place of business. Note that this may not be where an H-1 employee will be working, see Work Site below.
Employer city
Employer state
Employer postal code Zip code
Employer country
Employer province
Employer phone ext
Secondary entity Whether the employer will be placing the foreign worker with another entity.
Secondary entity name If yes, what's the second entity's legal business name, including DBA name if available.
Agent representing employer Whether the employer is represented by an immigration attorney or agent. Employers may choose to file LCA by themselves.
Agent attorney name
Agent attorney city
Agent attorney state
Job title Company's internal job title for the H1 applicant. If a single LCA is filed on behalf of multiple nonimmigrant workers, their job titles must be the same. Otherwise a separate LCA must be submitted.
SOC code Six-digit Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)/Occupational Network (O*NET) code for the occupation,
SOC name Job title associated with the SOC/O*NET code above.
NAICS code Four to six-digit North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code that best describes the employer's business, not the nonimmigrant worker's job.
Total workers Total number of positions being requested on this form.
New employment Next six fields are used to break down the total number, based on USCIS I-129 classifications.
Continued employment
Change previous employment
New concurrent emp
Change employer
Amended petition
Full time position Generally, full-time employment means over 35 hours per week. Full-time and part-time jobs cannot be combined on a single LCA.
Prevailing wage Prevailing wage
PW unit of pay Whether rage of pay is per hour, week, bi-week (every two weeks), month, or year
PW wage level
PW wage source The source of prevailing wage determination, such as Prevailing Wage Determination (PWD) or Occupational Employment Statistics (OES). Must choose only one source.
PW source other Another legitimate source (other than OES) or an independent authoritative source.
Wage rate of pay from Actual wage to be paid to the nonimmigrant worker. Must be greater than or equal to prevailing wage.
Wage rate of pay to Maximum wage, if entered as a range.
Wage unit of pay Whether rage of pay is per hour, week, bi-week (every two weeks), month, or year
H1b dependent Whether an employer is designated as H-1B Dependent, determined by the ratio of H-1B employees (both full-time and part-time) vs total workforce: If an employer has a total of 1-25 full-time equivalent employees in the U.S., but 8 or more of them are H-1B workers, the employer is considered H-1B dependent. For 26-50, the threshold becomes 13 or more. For a total workforce of 51 or more employees, 15% or more is the threshold.
Willful violator The employer is a willful violator if the employer has been found during the five (5) years preceding the date of the application (and after October 20, 1998) to have committed a willful violation or a misrepresentation of a material fact.
Support h1b If an employer answers "Yes" to either Willful Violator or H-1B Dependent, they must indicate whether they're using this form only to support petitions or extensions for EXEMPT H-1B filings.
Statutory basis If "Yes" to previous question, what is the basis for an exemption. Annual wage, Master's Degree or higher, or both.
Labor con agree
Worksite city Place of employment where the work is actually performed by the nonimmigrant worker.
Worksite county
Worksite state Worksite Sate
Worksite postal code Worksite Zip Code.
Original cert date


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Update on Kirk Cameron and Facebook
Cameron's People Messed Up
I posted last Thursday about Kirk Cameron and the issues he had with Facebook. I made the assumption that individuals had been reporting the link to his website and that was what caused his site to be blocked. But I also noted that part of the problem could have come from the fact that McAfee was blacklisting the website.
Well, it seems the problem was more the latter than the former. In other words, Facebook's system, which seeks to protect its users from harm by preventing links to dangerous or spammy sites, automatically responded to historical problems with the domain in question by blocking it. Facebook released a statement explaining what happened. Essentially, the domain (website address) had previously been used for spam and therefore was previously blocked. The resolution to the problem was to show Facebook that the new website was no longer a spam site. As soon as this was shown, Facebook unblocked the site. So not only was Facebook innocent of wrongdoing; so were its users. Cameron, in his claims of discrimination was completely off base.
To put it in plain English, Cameron's people registered a domain that had been previously used with a spam website. Due to that history, the domain continued to be marked as problematic, so Facebook automatically blocked it.
Pick Domains Carefully
There is actually an important lesson to be taken from Cameron's experience. When you purchase a new domain for your site, you want to make sure it doesn't have a negative history that will cause your new website problems.
As far as the YouTube issue, my guess is that there are two possibilities. The site linking to the video or video linking to the site might well have caused the block as a result of the domain's history (or blacklisting on McAfee) much as with Facebook. Or perhaps people stared reacting to Cameron's claims on Facebook and thought it would be funny to keep the problem going. They might even have been angry that Cameron was accusing Facebook of being prejudiced.
So it seems Cameron's claims were completely without merit. No one was trying to block his site on Facebook. Instead, his folks failed to do proper research when choosing a domain and ended up causing his own website to be banned.
As before, I will say, it is entirely inappropriate for people to blame a website for discriminating before they find out what is going on. Here, the problem was based on a technical issue. Facebook automatically blocked a domain that was previously known for spamming. In response to the problem, Facebook has stated it will work to make certain that its filter refreshes more frequently, while at the same time protecting its users from spammy or dangerous sites.
I'd like to add, I don't particularly blame individuals for believing what Cameron said in terms of his website being blocked. The responsibility for creating this non-story lays with Cameron, bloggers and the press, who should have researched the issue before attacking Facebook. I myself should have been more careful before assuming that individuals were reporting the link. I should have focused on the issue of McAfee blacklisting the site and looked more at whether that was the source of the problem.
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Among the vineyards, near the Atlantic Coast and the Pyrenees mountains, Bordeaux proudly raises its splendid facades on the banks of the Garonne river. Bordeaux is the first urban area to be distinguished by the UNESCO with such a vast and complex boundary. Its classic and neo-classic architecture has seen barely and stylistic change for over two centuries and the city has over 350 buildings classified or listed as historic monuments. And when it comes to wine, names like Margaux, Saint-Estèphe, Pomerol, Pauillac, Saint-Emilion, and Côtes de Blaye set the taste buds dancing. The visit starts in the "Cité du Vin" or in the "Aquitaine Museum"!
The Dordogne area is a land of many assets: from gastronomy (foie gras, truffles, etc.) to historical heritage (from the Lascaux caves to medieval villages and castles - Beynac, Castelnaud, Sarlat etc.) - but also of outdoor activities such as canoeing, golf, cycling, and fishing. As part of the Man and Biodiversity project, the Dordogne Valley was named a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in 2012, the entire watershed sheltering great biodiversity and containing one of the biggest estuaries in Europe.
Two strong identities, the Pays Basque (on the Atlantic side) and small villages (inland), and an offering combining the countryside, the Pyrenees mountains and the seaside. It's easy to discover an exceptional natural and cultural heritage and to enjoy gastronomy with a wealth of products. From Hendaye to Anglet, not to mention Biarritz and Saint-Jean-de-Luz, lovers of surfing and water sports will take advantage of numerous great locations.
From Marais-Poitevin to Pays-Basque via La Rochelle-Ile de Ré, Arcachon, the Landes this is the kingdom of water sports, cycling paths and lively seaside resorts. Visitors are always taken aback by the Atlantic Coast's unforgettable beaches and panoramas.
La Rochelle has always been turned towards the ocean. Vibrate to the sound of festivals, wander the typical streets, be lulled by the waves or stroll through the local markets: live the authenticity of the Atlantic Ocean.
In 1969, three friends created a festival in Angoulême to celebrate the Comic Strip or Bande Dessinée (BD) in French. Year by year, the event gathered momentum until in January 1974, the International Comic Strip Festival was born.
The streets of Angoulême, capital of the "ninth art", reserve a large place for all kinds of bubbles and cartoons that you will see on the façades. Overlooking the Charente, posed like a ship on its rocky outcrop, Angoulême invites you to stroll. Don't miss a guided tour in the little Valois train, which will reveal a wealth of information about the historical centre of Angoulême and its Roman heritage.
Pau enjoys a privileged situation that has earned it the name of "the heart of the Pyrenees". In the city, the Boulevard des Pyrénées is one of the favourite spots among locals: facing due south, they settle on the terraces of the cafés in the shade of the palm trees as soon as the sun comes out and admire the Pyrenean peaks.
Futuroscope is one of France's most loved theme parks. In 2017, the park celebrated its 30th anniversary. Visitors won't find roller-coasters or carrousels at Futuroscope but dynamic cinemas, gigantic screens, and even dancing with robots. Meanwhile, Poitiers, also known as "the city of 100 bell towers", with its 2,000-year-old history and heritage, is a marked contrast from Futuroscope.
Imagine a magical landscape of shady cattle meadows crisscrossed by tranquil waterways; a landscape of pretty villages where bikes and boats are traditional forms of transport and where the locals work to the rhythm of the seasons. Welcome to the Marais Poitevin or "Green Venice", a protected natural area classified "Grand Site de France" and regional Nature Park of the Marais Poitevin since 2014.
Limoges offers a wide range of cultural and gastronomic discoveries. Thanks to the porcelain that decorates the world's most prestigious tables, Limoges is recognized as a "UNESCO creative city".
Vassivière lake's fine sandy beaches and recreational ports overflow with water activities, from sailing to leisurely visits aboard cruise boats. Enjoy majestic forests, explore secluded trails on foot, horseback, mountain-bike or quad. This is a land of legends combining contemporary artistic creation and local traditions.
Just a short distance from the ocean and the Pyrenees, the Armagnac Landes area presents two sides of nature. To the north is a pine forest with its sandy trails. To the south, the valleys are planted with vineyards and oak groves.
Hospitable and steeped in history, these valleys offer a host of cultural, fun and leisure activities for a great holiday experience in the heart of the South West. With Agen prunes, Marmande tomatoes, strawberries, kiwis and the wines of Buzet and Marmande, gastronomy and local produce are part of the identity of this terroir.


Balloons have many uses. We use them to celebrate things important to us. We use them to fly and have been using them for almost 200 years. We use them in scientific research and to save lives. Find out here many interesting facts about balloons.


AirAsia Malaysia has been officially recognised as an International Air Transport Association (IATA) Operational Safety Audit (IOSA) registered operator, following the completion of the IOSA audit.
AirAsia Malaysia is the third airline within AirAsia Group to achieve IOSA accreditation, after AirAsia X Malaysia in 2014 and AirAsia Indonesia last month.
The audit, conducted bienially, covers eight functional and operational areas: organisation and management system, flight operations, operational control and flight dispatch, aircraft engineering and maintenance, cabin operations, ground handling operations, cargo operations and security management.


the Brazilian firm is known, to boost its market share.
close to agreeing to do so late on Thursday.
restoring Brazil's investment grade credit rating.
employment in the transportation and utilities sectors fell.


When I first saw this recipe, I was puzzled as I thought it said "smothered chicken". Then after consulting with my Dutch-English dictionary, I learned that "gesmoorde" can also mean "braised in wine". Ah-ha! The recipe should have stated in the last step "remove Serrano ham from the pan and serve", because the ham was dry and flavorless. I think this dish can be bubbled away on the stove too.
1. Heat oven to 175 degree C. Season the chicken with salt and pepper.
2. Heat the oil in a dutch oven, and brown the chicken for about 5 minutes on each side. Add the onions, garlic, tomatoes, bay leave and rosemary. Finally add red wine, and cook for about 5 minutes over high heat. Cover the dutch oven with a lid, remove from heat, and cook it in an oven for about 40 minutes.
3. Scatter the bell peppers and ham to the dish, and return the dish to the oven and cook for a further 20 minutes.


When it comes to hairstyling, there are trends, and then there are trends that become everyday fashion.
If we are to look at some of the most resilient and returning color hair trends, it has to be the platinum or pale yellow blonde.
From major Hollywood stars to your BFF next door, everybody is sporting this color and for all the right reasons.
However, bleaching can be a very damaging process to your hair if you do not learn how to bleach hair at home safely and correctly.
If you fail, you will have to learn how to make your hair grow faster and healthier again.
Luckily, we have here a short but comprehensive guide on how to rock the look without endangering your hair's health.
Let's follow the steps and get an amazing look!
If you want to go blonde, the easiest way to do it is by bleaching hair. When you want to achieve that classic Hollywood-like style, loose blonde curls are a great option.
However, if your natural locks are dark, it can be a dramatic change. Before deciding something, you should gather as many details as possible regarding this procedure.
If it is not done correctly, it could create a lot of troubles for your hair. Let's see which are the pros and cons of bleaching hair and how you should do it safely.
Unfortunately, not all women can safely bleach their hair. If you are a natural blonde, you are in luck. The process will last shorter amounts of time.
Women with darker hair need to use more product and spend a lot of time with it to get the desired results. However, if you have dry, very thin or damaged hair, you should not bleach at all, at home or the salon.
Moreover, if you have a short, pixie cut, you will be able to bleach your hair faster and more efficiently.
Your hair needs to be in perfect condition before you even think about bleaching.
Treat your hair with sulfate-free shampoo and conditioner, moisturizer, hair masks, and hair toners a few weeks prior to the bleaching session.
A night before the actual bleaching process, treat your hair with healthy oils to keep it safe while the bleach removes color.
According to hair specialists, hair has 10 different levels of de-colorization. The darker your hair is, the longer it will take you to bleach it to a pale yellow.
This is one of the reasons why women with darker hair go through some red, orange, and brassy gold color stages before they achieve their desired nuance.
You may need to repeat the process next week, but make sure your hair does not suffer. Knowing this, you should get a bleach that comes with detailed instructions on how to bleach hair at home and for how long.
Do not ever start bleaching your entire hair at once. Firstly, perform a test on a hair strand.
Bleach the strip from the roots to the ends. Wrap the strand in foil and look at it every ten minutes to see how long it needs to reach your desired color.
Make a note of how long you have to keep the product on the hair and rinse the test strand. You should not keep the bleach on your hair more than an hour – it will burn the hair or damage it tremendously.
Now that you know how long it will take to bleach your hair, apply a generous amount of bleach and cover your head well.
Bleach works best when you keep it warm and moist. It can take you 30 to 40 minutes until you get the desired pale blonde shade so be patient. As we said, if it takes more than an hour, you should give up on bleaching altogether or try a professional salon.
Bleaching hair can be fun. After all, you will have a completely different look which can make you stand out in the crowd. However, bleach can damage your locks and scalp.
This is why you must be careful how you do it. This procedure has both pros and cons. Therefore, make sure to follow our recommendations to maintain yourself on the safe side.
You may not achieve the desired results on only one sitting. It does not matter. Instead of keeping the bleach for hours, stop and rinse your hair.
You can treat your hair and wait for a week to resume the process. Make sure you rinse your hair well with cold water.
This is the moment where many women fail in their attempts to get a safe bleach. Once you finished rinsing the hair, it is time to care for it. Your hair went through some serious damage and now you need to treat it.
A deep conditioning mask, hair toner, and cutting down on heat styling are your first steps to preserve your hair's health. Wash your hair less frequently for a few days post-bleaching and treat it with nutritious masks and healthy hair oils.
With so many immediate benefits, it would actually be shame to pass on an opportunity to craft your very own yogurt and honey hair mask.
Aside from all of these excellent results, another great aspect is the fact that your hair with smell really nicely and you won't have to get any of these effects through a chemical-riddled compound.
If you want to dye your hair at home after you bleached the hair, you need to prep your hair carefully, pick a safe and high-quality dye and follow the instructions to a tee. Otherwise, the dye on bleached hair can damage it beyond recognition.
Do you have other tips on how to bleach hair at home?
Do you use post-bleach toners or hair dyes?
Do you use natural hair treatments for damaged hair before you start bleaching?
Jordan Klee is a writer for Beautifully Alive. She loves eating healthy and trying new recipes.The self-proclaimed Zumba Queen has a passion for beauty products and loves reading new books. She's always down for a DIY project!


(Bileća, 1922) graduated from the Academy of Fine Arts in Zagreb. He is a founder of Telegram and Oko, art and culture magazines.
Hadžić initiated work on the first Croatian animated film Great meeting from 1951. He was a director of Duga film which is to constitute a core of future Zagreb School of Animated Picture. As the most performed drama writer of ex-Yugoslavia, he wrote 59 theatre comedies, of which many were staged abroad.


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Front Matter Early Inhabitants of Greece The Deluge of Ogyges Founding of Important Cities Story of Deucalion Daedalus and Icarus The Adventures of Jason Theseus Visits the Labyrinth The Terrible Prophecy The Sphinx's Riddle Death of Oedipus The Brothers' Quarrel The Taking of Thebes The Childhood of Paris Muster of the Troops Sacrifice of Iphigenia The Wrath of Achilles Death of Hector and Achilles The Burning of Troy Heroic Death of Codrus The Blind Poet The Rise of Sparta The Spartan Training The Brave Spartan Boy Public Tables in Sparta Laws of Lycurgus The Messenian War The Music of Tyrtaeus Aristomenes' Escape The Olympic Games Milo of Croton The Jealous Athlete The Girls' Games The Bloody Laws of Draco The Laws of Solon The First Plays The Tyrant Pisistratus The Tyrant's Insult Death of the Conspirators Hippias Driven out of Athens The Great King Hippias Visits Darius Destruction of the Persian Host Advance of the Second Host The Battle of Marathon Miltiades' Disgrace Aristides the Just Two Noble Spartan Youths The Great Army Preparations for Defense Leonidas at Thermopylae Death of Leonidas The Burning of Athens Battles of Salamis and Plataea The Rebuilding of Athens Death of Pausanias Cimon Improves Athens The Earthquake The Age of Pericles Teachings of Anaxagoras Peloponnesian War Begins Death of Pericles The Philosopher Socrates Socrates' Favorite Pupil Youth of Alcibiades Greek Colonies in Italy Alcibiades in Disgrace Death of Alcibiades Overthrow of Thirty Tyrants Accusation of Socrates Death of Socrates The Defeat of Cyrus Retreat of the Ten Thousand Agesilaus in Asia A Strange Interview The Peace of Antalcidas The Theban Friends Thebes Free Once More The Battle of Leuctra Death of Pelopidas The Battle of Mantinea The Tyrant of Syracuse Damon and Pythias The Sword of Damocles Dion and Dionysius Civil War in Syracuse Death of Dion Philip of Macedon Philip Begins His Conquests The Orator Demosthenes Philip Masters Greece Birth of Alexander The Steed Bucephalus Alexander as King Alexander and Diogenes Alexander's Beginning The Gordian Knot Alexander's Royal Captives Alexander at Jerusalem The African Desert Death of Darius Defeat of Porus Return to Babylon Death of Alexander Division of the Realm Death of Demosthenes Last of the Athenians The Colossus of Rhodes The Battle of Ipsus Demetrius and the Athenians The Achaean League Division in Sparta Death of Agis War of the Two Leagues The Last of the Greeks Greece a Roman Province
Story of the Greeks - Helene Guerber
Heroic Death of Codrus
You remember, do you not, how the sons of Pelops had driven the Heraclidæ, or sons of Hercules, out of the peninsula which was called the Peloponnesus? This same peninsula is now called Morea, or the mulberry leaf, because it is shaped something like such a leaf, as you will see by looking at your map.
The Heraclidæ had not gone away willingly, but were staying in Thessaly, in the northern part of Greece, where they promised to remain one hundred years without making any attempt to come back.
Shortly after the end of the Trojan War, this truce of a hundred years came to an end; and the Heraclidæ called upon their neighbors the Dorians to join them, and help them win back their former lands.
Led by three brave chiefs, the allies passed through Greece proper, along the Isthmus of Corinth, and, spreading all over the Peloponnesus, soon took possession of the principal towns. The leading members of the family of Hercules took the title of kings, and ruled over the cities of Argos, Mycenæ, and Sparta.
The Dorians, who had helped the Heraclidæ win back their former possessions, now saw that the land here was better than their home in the mountains, so they drove all the rest of the Ionians out of the country, and settled there also.
Thus driven away by the Dorians and the Heraclidæ, these Ionians went to Athens, to the neighboring islands, and even to the coast of Asia Minor, south of the ruined city of Troy, where they settled in great numbers. They called the strip of land which they occupied Ionia, and founded many towns, some of which, such as Ephesus and Miletus, were destined to become famous.
Of course, the Ionians were very angry at thus being driven away from home; and those who had gone to live in Athens soon asked Codrus, the Athenian king, to make war against the Heraclidæ of Sparta.
The two armies soon met, and prepared for battle. Codrus, having consulted an oracle, had learned that the victory would be given to the army whose king should be killed, so he nobly made up his mind to die for the good of his people.
Instead of going into battle in royal dress, with his guards all around him, as was his habit, he dressed himself like an ordinary soldier, and went forward until he stood in the very first rank of the army. Then he rushed boldly into the midst of the foe.
Of course, he was soon cut down; but the Athenians, seeing his courage, and learning why he had thus risked his life, fought with such valor that they defeated the Spartan forces, and forced them to retreat.
The victory had been won; but the Athenians were so sorry to lose their beloved king, that they could not rejoice, and sadly returned home, carrying the body of Codrus. Such was the admiration of all the people for this act of royal courage, that they vowed they would never again call any one by the name of king.
When Codrus had been buried, therefore, the Athenians gave his son and heir the government of the city, calling him archon, or chief for life,—a title which was borne by many rulers after him.
The Spartans, who had come into Attica to fight the Athenians, retreated hastily after their defeat, and returned to their city, where they settled, forcing all the people who dwelt in the neighborhood either to leave the country or to serve them as their slaves.
The return of the Heraclidæ into the Peloponnesus is the last event of the Heroic Age, and now real history begins. After this, it is no longer necessary to try to find out the truth hidden in the old tales which were handed down from father to son, and which were the only fairy stories the Greek children knew; for henceforth records were kept of all the principal events.


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A Significant GOP Convention
Executive Summary: The Republican meeting in Dallas, seemingly dull, was one of the most significant party gatherings of modern times. It strengthened the GOP's claim as the party of growth and for the first time accepted a global framework for leadership. As the Democrats embrace isolationism and austerity, the GOP can soon become the majority party. A review of party political history, from Lincoln on, sets the context for understanding the Reagan "transition presidency." The Goldwater and Rockefeller wings have withered and the "Kemp wing" emerges, dominating the writing of the GOP platform and being seen as the party's future. Reagan's second term will be more "supply side" than the first as the transition is completed. All serious contenders for the Republican nomination in 1988 will be growth/internationalists, with Bush making a conversion. The realignment process can be speeded up in the campaign pressures of the next two months.
As far as the national news media were concerned, the Republican national convention in Dallas last month was one big yawn. Nothing happened except the coronation of Ronald Reagan. A carefully orchestrated convention program with predictable Mondale-bashing speeches and the usual "balloon drop." A "right-wing takeover" of the platform, which "everyone knows" the White House will ignore. All in all, one of the least significant party gatherings of modern times.
But from a broad, historic viewpoint, this 1984 GOP convention was one of the most significant party gatherings of modern times. Taken in conjunction with the Democratic conclave in San Francisco, Dallas solidified and strengthened the GOP's claim as the national party of economic growth. And by embracing internationalism and the challenge of global leadership, the Republicans put themselves on a path that will undoubtedly make them the majority party before the end of the decade.
The GOP, remember, was the party of economic growth and the dominant party in the U.S. from Lincoln and the Civil War to Hoover and the Great Depression. But its agenda throughout that stretch was almost entirely domestic in nature, even isolationist. "Foreign entanglements," to use Washington's phrase, were abhorred. Economic isolationism was preferred and the protective tariff was a staple of party doctrine. Internal, no-holds-barred economic growth was a central tenet of Republicanism. Foreign policy was the Monroe Doctrine, with military power deployed to keep France out of Mexico, expel Spain from Cuba, and maintain the borders of Fortress America.
The Democratic Party, meanwhile, was the internationalist party. This developed naturally out of its post-Civil War base in the Deep South, with its vested interest in free trade, cotton exports and opposition to the protective tariff. The party also attracted those elements of society that needed protection from an untrammeled capitalist class, chiefly debtors who suffered in the periodic monetary deflations of the era and the immigrant working class that got short shrift from the laissez faire Republicans.
In an organic sense, the "Republic model" was becoming obsolete at the turn of the century. Economic isolationism no longer served the needs of a nation that was having world leadership thrust upon it. Woodrow Wilson's election in 1912 brought the United States into the international arena and led to the U.S. intervention in Europe's war for democracy. In economics, Wilson's first year, 1913, saw passage of the low-rates Underwood Tariff, the progressive income tax (with rates of one to six percent over $3,000), and the Federal Reserve Act, designed to protect the debtor class via an "elastic currency."
The Democrats, who pushed income-tax progressivity to a 76 percent rate during World War I, could have retained power in the postwar era had they brought the rates down to spur economic growth. But it was not in their lineage or experience to focus on economic growth. The electorate had to turn again to the GOP to make this adjustment, ushering in one more decade of spectacular economic growth within an isolationist framework. The foreign-policy goals of the Harding-Coolidge administrations were to get the wartime loans of the U.S. allies paid down and to extract reparations from the defeated Germans.
This isolationist blind spot was of course what caused the stock market crash of 1929, the Great Depression, and the demise of the GOP as the majority party. Because they did not understand the disastrous implications of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act on the world economy, Republicans in October 1929 made the key decisions that led to its adoption the following June; they did so believing it would enhance the domestic economy.
The Democratic Party thereupon built the New Deal Coalition on this wreckage. Its internationalist bent suited it to the challenge of global leadership. This was manifest in the series of reciprocal trade agreements negotiated in the 1930s and the willingness to assist the global forces of democracy even prior to Pearl Harbor (which probably invited Pearl Harbor). The Democrats became the party of economic growth as well, but with the focus now on the government as the manager of the economy. Having submerged the Republicans, the Democrats persuaded themselves that it was laissez faire that had become obsolete. The Keynesian model, which promised economic growth through income redistribution and the management of aggregate consumer demand was made to order for the Democrats. And after World War II, within the framework of Bretton Woods, the formula worked well enough. The Democrats this time repealed the wartime taxes. They continued to chip away at Smoot-Hawley through several "Rounds" of global tariff cuts. And the Keynesians took credit for the economic boom that followed the Kennedy tax cuts of 1964.
All this success fortified Democratic self-confidence in their internationalist, government-managed growth model. And it sought to persuade the rest of the world of the efficacy of this model.
The GOP meanwhile had become the party of reaction and austerity, resisting the Democratic model as being essentially socialistic, but without putting forward a growth model of its own. Indeed, the party hit bottom at its national convention in San Francisco in 1964, lashing out against the just-passed Kennedy tax cuts that the Goldwaterites had bitterly opposed as "budget-busting." The party was filled with angry and bitter people, lacking confidence in themselves, in democracy, and in any realistic hope of ever again becoming the dominant force in America.
The following four years, though, brought the first serious shock to Democratic self-confidence. Their visions of saving the world via their wonderful Keynesian growth model turned to ashes in Vietnam. In exchange for military support, the Kennedy-Johnson administrations had forced this development model on the South Vietnamese government: high taxes and income redistribution, a managed currency and a central plan. The mix quickly destroyed the South Vietnamese economy and invited a Marxist-Leninist victory.
Enter Richard Nixon in 1968, the first true Republican President who could be called internationalist. It was Nixon, certainly not Goldwater, who initiated the revival of the Republican Party by nurturing its global outlook; the remaining reactionary elements in the GOP are still hostile to the Nixon global vision.
But Nixon still did not have it all together. He had made internationalism respectable in the party, but he had no growth model. In fact, accepting the Keynesian claim that their theory produced the Kennedy tax cuts and the following boom, Nixon proclaimed himself a Keynesian and turned himself over to their model. He doubled the capital-gains tax in 1969, swallowed Herbert Stein's "full-employment budget" concept as a rationale for increased government spending, and destroyed Bretton Woods in 1971 to permit the manipulation of the currency to suit the managers of aggregate demand. Nixon today regrets these decisions, aware of the contribution they made to his downfall through the collapsing economy of 1974.
The Carter-Mondale years really finished off what was left of the Democratic Party's confidence in its growth model, and with it went its globalism. When your model has failed, why bother to share it with anyone? It is now the Democratic Party that is filled with anger and bitterness, losing confidence in democracy itself, offering "fear of the future, fear of growth, fear of global leadership," as Jack Kemp put it in Dallas. Now it is the Democrats who lash out at the "budget-busting" Reagan tax cuts and promise the electorate higher taxes, trade protectionism and isolationism. "This is a sure sign of an emerging minority party," said Kemp.
There were also sure signs in Dallas of the GOP emerging as the majority party. The national media, especially the television networks, did not seem to have the foggiest idea of what was going on. Political reporters and network newspeople, because they are almost all Democrats, for the most part view the Republican Party in terms of a conservative, Goldwater wing, and a liberal, Rockefeller wing. The convention and party platform were seen to be triumphs for the Goldwater wing, the "far right," the "kooks and crazies." David Brinkley went so far as to assert that the convention was a triumph and vindication of Senator Goldwater. Against this light, the press viewed White House resistance to the tax specifics in the platform with sympathy, suggesting the President is somewhat to the left of his party.
Reagan himself sees the internal party development more accurately; in his acceptance speech he observed that it was not a question of "right" or "left," but of "up or down." Yet in the broad, historical context, Ronald Reagan does lag the revolutionary elements in the GOP and might properly be viewed as a transition President. He ran in 1980 as a populist, growth-oriented candidate with ideas viewed as "Voodoo economics" by the Eastern Establishment wing. But his first decision as the GOP nominee was to name George Bush his running mate, thereby unifying these disparate elements in the party. His first major decision as President-elect was to name James Baker III, not Ed Meese, his chief-of-staff, Baker of course having been Bush's campaign manager. The tension in his administration in his first term was between these two major elements in the party, the old and the new, revolutionary and incrementalist, as the new ideas were tested.
The convention in Dallas reflected the impatience of the populist wing with this mode. The success of "Reaganomics" in producing astonishing non-inflationary growth has emboldened the firebrands and Young Turks of the GOP who dominated the writing of the platform. They want to hear no more of second-term budget-balancing tax increases and scotched White House attempts to preserve "wiggle room" for such an increase in 1985. And where the White House has been timid, even servile, in permitting the Federal Reserve to combat economic growth through deflation, the platform barely restrains outrage at the Fed's "destabilization." In all but name, the platform commits the party to the specifics of a Kemp-Kasten flat-tax reform, also reflecting impatience with White House caution about "specificity."
The foreign policy plank, written by Kemp's subcommittee, is also the most internationalist ever adopted by a Republican convention. There is virtually none of the rage, bitterness and bellicosity that characterized the Fortress America days. This, too, reflects the party's new-found confidence in democratic capitalism as a role model for the Third World. Even where it commits the U.S. to seeking superiority over the Soviet Union, the platform makes it clear that it is economic and technological superiority that it strives for, that it is prepared to end the arms race at parity.
The Brinkleys, Rathers and Restons seemed quick and easy to describe this as the most conservative platform in GOP history, but it is without doubt the most radical. It is in fact the first platform in the party's history that commits the party to global leadership, economically and politically, with growth-oriented democratic capitalism as the foundation of that leadership. The Goldwater and Rockefeller factions have withered and are dying out; the future of the party clearly is with the radicals, the "Kemp wing" of the party.
What does this mean for a Reagan second term? The single most important fact to bear in mind is that Reagan can not seek re-election in 1988, which means his transitional presidency will be completed in his second term. The Eastern Establishment knows, as everyone in Dallas knew, that it's rapidly running out of gas, and that the Kemp wing of the party will consolidate its gains in the years ahead and become the dominant faction in 1988. If it is to share in the party's future and the power that implies, it knows it must seek accommodation instead of striving to block its progress at every turn.
The mainstream political reporters have already decided that the 1988 GOP convention will be a knock-down contentious one, with President Reagan no longer able to unify the party with his charm, good humor, etc. But it is ideas that are unifying the party, and the chances are that the 1988 convention will be even less ideologically contentious and divisive than was Dallas. The reason is that Reagan's second term will be more emphatically successful than his first, precisely because there will be fewer barriers to supply-side influence on domestic and international economic policy.
There will be, after all, no need for the administration to again confront the horrendous stagflation it encountered when Reagan took office. In the first term, the Federal Reserve crudely grappled inflation to a halt with an unnecessary, massive deflation that produced one of the worst recessions of our time. The Fed is again leading the economy toward a recession, or at least a pause, but the administration is going along with Paul Volcker's brinksmanship on the implied promise that there will be a "soft landing." If he doesn't produce, there will be plenty of support in Washington for institutional reforms at the Fed. In any event, there's much less of a monetary problem in 1984 than there was in 1980. With a gold standard mentioned favorably in the GOP platform, we can again see the potential of the President moving toward a new Bretton Woods in his second term. The Democrats are already ridiculing this "kooky idea," and it will be very interesting to see how the President handles the topic when it comes up in his debates with Mondale, as it no doubt will.
There had been the threat of a 1985 tax increase of major proportions but as Leonard Silk of The New York Times had pointed out, the militancy of the Young Turks at the convention has really ruled out Reagan support for any such contingency. Not only will the President be given no such mandate, but the militancy at Dallas has already been projected into 1985. Rep. Trent Lott, the House Minority Whip, has announced that he will no longer carry the administration's water on tax increases, as he did in 1982 and this year, but will be first in line throwing rocks at any tax proposals. Instead, White House and Treasury are by now bound to produce tax "simplification" along the lines of Kemp-Kasten, although enactment will be no easy matter.
The second Reagan term, then, should be more supply-side than the first. But it doesn't necessarily follow that a George Bush could not be the Republican presidential nominee in 1988, even given the direction the party has taken. The political handicappers are already writing that in 1988 this "Kemp wing" of the party will be represented in the presidential sweepstakes by Kemp himself, by Lew Lehrman, Rep. Newt Gingrich perhaps, Gov. Pierre Dupont of Delaware, Gov. George Deukmejian of California, or Trent Lott of Mississippi (whose stock among supply-siders skyrocketed as the result of his performance at the convention). George Bush is still seen as an adversary, but by 1988, it's conceivable now that Bush himself (who has ample numbers of supply-siders on his personal staff) will be safely inside the model. It's far less likely that Senator Dole or Howard Baker can make that trek and will be left behind, wasting their time even thinking about the presidency.
It remains, of course, for the President to be re-elected in November. Chances of him losing now seem remote, given the disarray of the Democratic ticket and the way the tax issue developed in Dallas. But depending on how the campaign and the economy unfold these next two months, he can still win in a way that produces only small gains in the congressional races. White House refusal to publicly complain about Volcker's brinksmanship at the Fed will cost the GOP at the polls, especially in the mid-West. And White House refusal to be as daring and specific on a second-term agenda also hurts. But there is nothing as intense and compact as a two-month presidential campaign in the United States. Pressures that ordinarily take a year or two to produce a certain flow of events can often produce the same results in the period between Labor Day and Election Day. Hold on to your hats.


When you've done all you can and it seems like its never enough?
And what do you say when your friends turn away and you're all alone?
When you've given your all and it seems like you can't make it through ?
You just stand watch the Lord see you through.
Yes after you've done all you can, you just stand.
Tell me how do you handle the guilt of your past?
Tell me how do you deal with the strain?
And how can you smile when your heart has been broken and filled with pain?
When you've given your all and it seems like you can't make it through?
Yes after you've done all you can, you just stand, stand and be sure.
When you've done all you can and seems like you can't make it through?
Through the storm, stand, stand through the rain.
Don't you stop, stand, and don't you bend, stand, don't give up.
After you've done all you can.


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Why We Get Nostalgic about Junk Food
Modern diets are obsessed with nutrition. But there's a reason we crave our childhood favourites
December 2, 2019 March 11, 2021 - by Emily Baron CadloffEmily Baron Cadloff Updated 15:32, Mar. 11, 2021 | Published 11:54, Dec. 2, 2019This article was published over a year ago. Some information may no longer be current.
About once a year, usually as the glow of the holidays fades and winter stretches out before me on a slush-covered road, I get a craving for my favourite comfort food: Kraft Dinner. Properly prepared, the boxed pasta is warm and thick, with no bite at all, either in texture or flavour. It's perfect.
I enjoy everything about it: the simplicity of mixing together butter, milk, and a packet of nearly fluorescent cheese powder; the tantalizing neon orange of the resulting mess; the gloopy noises it makes when I put my fork in the bowl. The rest of the year, my taste in pasta is more experimental: orzo and shakshuka; pan-fried gnocchi; fresh deli pasta topped with butter, cheese, and pepper. But not with KD. I overcook the macaroni noodles on purpose—solely because it makes the dish easier to mush around. Before I dig in, I top the whole mess with salt, pepper, and ketchup.
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I started this annual ritual more than a decade ago, when I was about twenty-two. I was living in a tiny railroad-style apartment with the man I would eventually marry. We bought dollar-store juice glasses and went to our parents' houses to do laundry. We felt very grown up and very, very unprepared to be adults, on our own in the world. My father came to view our new home and left behind a case of KD and, in our medicine cabinet, an envelope with $100. Both gifts felt precious. My father used to make KD for me and my sister, and it was one of the first "meals" I was allowed to cook for myself. So I made the KD, which was good, and it was familiar, which was even better. After we finished the case, I would still buy KD when it went on sale. Then, my KD purchases petered down to every few weeks, then to every few months, and then, eventually, to once a year. But I'd never stop completely.
Today, I don't prepare it at any other time of the year. In terms of nutrition, I know it has little value. I know I could pick something better for me, healthier, and I often do. In recent years, I've become a more confident cook and moved away from other prepackaged foods and flavour packets. I simmer curries and roll meatballs and roast chickpeas. I've happily prepared the trademarks of millennial food, spreading avocado on toast and massaging kale leaves for salads. If I'm honest, I find the flavour of macaroni and cheese just okay. And yet. And yet.
Of the collection of foods I ate as a child, KD is one that I haven't yet abandoned. Years later, there's something about the particular taste that no other food can touch. And I know I'm not the only one. For some, the lure of Cheez Whiz is unmatched. For others, it's fried bologna sandwiches. Some may fondly remember Pixy Stix or Pop Rocks, delicious, too-sweet candy that would be inhaled after Halloween. The most recent season of Stranger Things featured boxes of Mr. T cereal and touted the virtues of "new" Coke. Some of these products no longer exist. But many of us keep reaching for those that do, even if we don't exactly like them, even if they don't taste as good to our adult palates or fulfill our nutritional needs or even justify their own costs. The question is: Why?
What we eat makes up a large part of who we are. Food functions as a code, a shorthand for where we see ourselves in the communities around us. It is also inextricably linked with memory. Certain foods can trigger powerful waves of nostalgia in ways both good and bad. And, though those memories can form at any time, we often make strong associations with food when we are children.
Jessica Carey, a professor at Sheridan College, has studied these "food stories" and the ways in which food acts as a cultural shorthand as well as a vehicle for community belonging. Carey says acting illogically when it comes to what we eat is actually perfectly logical. "We like to think that we're highly rational creatures who make our decisions based on sodium count and so forth," she explains, adding that, in general, people actually care more about belonging and how food brings us together. "We place more value on the pleasurable feeling that we are connected with other people."
That means agreeing to an order of fries for the table at after-work drinks, even though you may not really want the fries, because all your friends do. That means taking a few scoops of Nana's horrid pasta salad at the family barbecue because it makes her happy. It means sharing what we make with others and, in turn, accepting others' offerings of their own nostalgic foods. Food is a link to the people and places around us. It's a link to our childhoods, our neighbourhoods growing up, our families.
I was born in Montreal, in 1985. When I was very young, my father would occasionally order a pizza for dinner and, with it, a few cans of Brio—an Italian-style carbonated soft drink, dark like cola but bittersweet. I would have preferred root beer, but I always drank Brio to fit in with my dad and older brother. Fast forward to my twenties, shopping at a deli and coming upon several cans of Brio, something I hadn't seen since we moved from Montreal to Winnipeg in the 1990s. The first bitter sip brought me back to our old, scratchy couch, sitting with my family with the pizza box open in front of us. I drank the entire can standing in the store aisle.
Other people may remember making casseroles, with cans of cream-based soup and crushed Corn Flakes on top, for neighbourhood potlucks. Maybe they feel a wave of nostalgia for a popular 1990s slow-cooker meatball recipe that calls for both Coke and ketchup. Some may fondly remember making jollof rice or black pudding or carnitas with their parents or relatives, standing over simmering pots and watching as what was once just a collection of stuff turned into an actual meal. As I get older, much of my food consumption has moved from communal experiences to rote, individual ones. I'm picking up a quick lunch from a drive through and eating it in the car. I'm cooking dinner with my headphones on, listening to a podcast. Cooking is now a solo activity, one guided by ease and convenience as much as taste.
Personally, as a child of the '90s, my cultural touchstones with food are mainly, well, gross—at least by my now-adult standards. In elementary school, I begged my mother to buy Dunkaroos, individual cups of dry cookies with a separate chemically sweet frosting. Occasionally, she would relent. Or I might be able to get Gushers, a gummy candy with a liquid goo in the center. I still don't know what that goo is made of, but I also don't care. I would happily eat a package of Gushers if I had one right now, though I don't know if I would get the same joy from them as my ten-year-old self did.
Neither Dunkaroos nor Gushers nor any of the other foods I coveted as a child are particularly good. Most are nutritionally lacking, and their tastes are falsely sweet. But they are part of my food story, links to the time and place that formed me.
If Kraft Dinner is the link to my food past, avocados, kale, and chickpeas are the hallmarks of my food present. Most days, I try to eat in a way I know will make me feel good: protein at breakfast, enough vegetables through the day to feel full, and not too much red meat. And, if I wanted, I could have my pick of services to help me sustain that diet. That convenience factor is dramatically changing the ways Canadians are eating.
Meal-kit delivery services are on the rise in Canada. In 2018, market researchers at the NPD Group estimated that more than 600,000 meal kits were delivered to Canadians each month. It makes sense: as Canadians automate more of our lives, many of us would happily outsource the chores of planning and shopping for our daily meals, especially when we know the food will fit our tastes and our diets. We order rides through apps; we meditate and exercise with apps; we communicate on apps. Why wouldn't we eat with help of an app?
Subscription services like Hello Fresh, Good Food, and Chef's Plate send portioned ingredients right to your door, with a recipe card to (hopefully) ensure a foolproof meal minus the hassle of actually planning, shopping, or preparing most of it. These kits boast meals such as "Tandoori-Style Chicken with Fragrant Rice and Cucumber Raita," "Blackened Mahi-Mahi with Mediterranean Peach-Pepper Salsa," and "Mediterranean Baked Veggies with Couscous."
These meals seem like far cries from the artificial-seasoning-enhanced offerings of my youth. But they are and they aren't. Whether you opt for tuna niçoise salad in a delivery or you dump a box of Kraft Deluxe Velveeta on Shells into some boiling water, often what you're really after is extra time. "We're all after convenience," says Sylvain Charlebois, director of the Agri-Food Analytics Lab at Dalhousie University. "And convenience trumps two things all the time: the environment and our health." For many consumers, the time saved is often more important than taste, more important than our environmental or dietary concerns, even more important than cost.
Charlebois expects the food service industry, which includes restaurants, bars, hotels, and even hospitals, to generate about $93 billion in 2019, up from $72.1 billion in 2018. In contrast, retail sales of food will likely rise by just 0.4 percent. Charlebois says that more and more of our food money will go to drive-throughs and takeout. Of every dollar spent on food in the US, according to Charlebois, 51 cents is spent on food eaten outside the house. We are cooking less and spending much less time on our food than any generation before us.
And, if I'm being honest, when I think about the meals that I'm nostalgic for, the first foods that pop into my mind are ones of convenience. Rarely do my baba's knishes or my aunt's chocolate chip cookies come to mind. There's a guilt that gnaws at me there, a little voice that chirps at me to prize my dad's tuna casserole over cans of Squirt. I think of one as authentic, and therefore more deserving of my nostalgia, simply because someone I love laboured over the meal. But that's a false equivalency.
We've been relying on gross prepackaged foods for decades. I'm just part of the first generation for which the balance has started to shift. For us, convenience has long defined the way we eat. For many of us who grew up in middle class Canada in the '80s and '90s, food memories feature frozen meals from boxes or quick takeout orders. "If you were raised in the '80s and '90s by working parents," says Carey, "you wouldn't have those highly quote-unquote authentic memories of that artisanal food prepared for you. You'd have memories of going through the drive-through with your mom."
In an extended commercial that aired during the 2019 Grammy Awards, rapper Wiz Khalifa is on the phone while his son, Sebastian, sits at the table nearby. Sebastian appears bored and looks to his dad, who holds up a finger and says, "One second, buddy." Eventually, Dad finishes on the phone and gets his son's attention with, what else? An Oreo. A Khalifa track comes on as the two play, dance, and, of course, eat cookies.
Khalifa is a popular celebrity with my generation—that is, people in their late twenties and thirties, many of whom are now having kids of their own. Many of us remember Oreos fondly from our own childhoods, just like Khalifa (maybe) does. For brands like Nabisco, the company that makes Oreos, nostalgia is a powerful advertising tool. Hey, the ad seems to say, remember when you were young and ate Oreos? Don't you want to give that experience to your kids too? Don't you want to take a break from your phone calls and adult responsibilities and just enjoy your food? Wiz Khalifa does . . .
And it isn't just brands like Nabisco that capitalize on our sentimentality. Big industries like dairy and beef are also latching on to our memories as our eating habits change. Not only do we not cook as much at home but the kinds of meals we do make are changing. Many millennials are embracing plant-based diets, for example, nodding to the ways that their food consumption affects the environment around them. Others want to try a "paleo diet" or adopt "clean-eating" habits—both wholesome ideas that harken to an idealized, nostalgic version of our past.
As a result, big food industries are trying to catch up. So we get cookie advertisements that capitalize on family values and good memories. Other foods tie all of this together with health and wholesomeness. Charlebois points to the beef industry in particular, which is currently focusing on selling itself as an unprocessed, natural option. "[It's] using nostalgia, which is a powerful tool," he adds. "You're seeing it in the ads right now, like 'Going back to the basics. Eating traditional, wholesome foods like beef. There's nothing more natural than beef.'"
Carey sees nostalgic beef and dairy ads as attempting to combine a classic advertising strategy—Just eat it! It's delicious! You know you want to!—with a sense of moral righteousness. "It's trying to legitimize a hedonistic forgetting of the actual food politics of the present and the actual rational considerations of food," she says. "'Here's what our ancestors did, and wasn't that a good thing?'"
I'm not surprised that nostalgic marketing seems to be working on me. I'm busy. I'm working multiple jobs; I'm trying to pay rent; I need to get to the gym; and I can't remember when I was supposed to schedule that dentist appointment, but I'm sure I missed it. Buying something familiar, something comforting, something reminiscent of a simpler time? That's the easiest decision I'll make all day.
For Carey, it's a microwaveable brownie, mixed and eaten in the same pan it was sold in. Charlebois can't shake poutine. (As he admits this, he tells me that "poutine is likely the worst meal ever, in the history of the human race, in terms of health value" and that he will also keep eating it.) We all have foods that, however nutritionally void or mealy tasting, we will not let go. They are too important to our memories; they make up part of who we are.
The rest of the year, I eat chicken and kale and pizza and ice cream and wild rice and tofu and myriad other things that fit my needs and wants. But, one day every year, when the snow is falling thick and it seems winter may never end, I'm going to eat my Kraft Dinner. And I'm going to enjoy it.
Emily Baron Cadloff
Emily Baron Cadloff is a writer and reporter based in Halifax. Her work often focuses on the intersection between women and pop culture. She still loves Kraft Dinner.
TaggedfamilyFoodjunk foodSugar
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