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Volume 42, Issue 1 /
Father Of The Forests
Ninety years ago a highborn zealot named Gifford Pinchot knew more about woodlands than any man in America. What he did about them changed the country we live in and helped define environmentalism.
T. H. Watkins
12 years ago By admin
Like most public officials, Gov. Gifford Pinchot of Pennsylvania could not answer all his mail personally. Much of it had to be left to aides, but not all of these realized the character of their boss. When a citizen wrote in 1931 to complain angrily about one of the governor's appointments, Pinchot was not pleased to find the following prepared for his signature: "I am somewhat surprised at the tone of your letter.… It has been my aim since I became Governor to select the best possible person for each position. … I hope time will convince you how greatly you have erred."
The governor was not given to such mewlings and forthwith composed his own letter: "Either you are totally out of touch with public sentiment, or you decline to believe what you hear. … To say that I was not attempting to do right when I made these appointments is nonsense. I was doing the best I knew how, and my confidence that I did so is by no means impaired by your letter." That was more like it—and more like the man too.
Gifford Pinchot passed through nearly six decades of American public life like a Jeremiah, the flames of certitude seeming to dance behind his dark eyes. "Gifford Pinchot is a dear," his good friend and mentor Theodore Roosevelt once said of him, "but he is a fanatic, with an element of hardness and narrowness in his temperament, and an extremist."
The complaint was legitimate, but the zealot in question also was the living expression of an idea shared by much of an entire generation (indeed, shared by Roosevelt himself): the conviction that men and women could take hold of their government and shape it to great ends, great deeds, lifting all elements of American life to new levels of probity, grace, freedom, and prosperity. The urge was not entirely selfless; the acquisition and exercise of power have gratifications to which Pinchot and his kind were by no means immune. But at the forefront was a solemn and utterly earnest desire that the lot of humanity should be bettered by the work of those who were equipped by circumstance, talent, and training to change the world. It had something to do with duty and integrity and honesty, and if it was often marred by arrogance, at its best it was just as often touched by compassion.
And the world, in fact, was changed.
I have … been a Governor, every now and then, but I am a forester all the time—have been, and shall be, all my working life." Gifford Pinchot made this pronouncement in a speech not long before his death at the age of eighty-one, and repeated it in Breaking New Ground, his account of the early years of the conservation movement and his considerable place in it. It was true enough, but it could just as legitimately be said of him that he had been a forester every now and then but was a politician, had been and would be, all his working life.
It could also be said that it was forestry that taught him his politics. Pinchot was born on August 11, 1865, into the sort of environment that would normally have pointed him in the direction of nothing more exotic than law or one of the other gentlemanly persuasions. His father, James, a selfmade man of the classic stripe, had acquired so much money as a dry goods merchant in New York City that he had been able to retire to the pursuit of good works at the age of forty-four. His mother, Mary, was the daughter of Amos Eno, a Manhattan real estate tycoon whose Fifth Avenue Hotel was so valuable a property that his estate was able to sell it after his death for the staggering figure of $7,250,000.
He and Theodore Roosevelt hit it off from the start. "There has been a peculiar intimacy between you … and me," the President wrote in later years, "because [we] have worked for the same causes, have dreamed the same dreams."
The Pinchots figured prominently, if sedately, in society and traveled ambitiously in England and on the Continent. Gifford, his younger brother, Amos, and their sister, Antoinette, all grew up able to speak French and snatches of German at early ages, and Antoinette, in fact, would become Lady Johnstone, wife of the British consul in Copenhagen.
Altogether it seemed an unlikely background for a man who was to spend much of his adult life with trees. There was not at the time a single American-born man and precious few men of any nationality in this country practicing anything that could remotely be described as forestry. Nevertheless, "How would you like to be a forester?" Pinchot's father asked him in the summer of 1885, as the young man prepared to enter Yale. "It was an amazing question for that day and generation," he remembered, "how amazing I didn't begin to understand at the time." In his travels the elder Pinchot had become an admirer of the kind of scientific forestry practiced in France, Germany, and Switzerland and had even written a few articles on the subject.
The son proved open to his father's enthusiasm. From childhood Pinchot had been active in the outdoors, fond of hiking, camping, and, especially, trout fishing. Since there was nowhere yet in the United States to study his chosen profession, after graduating from Yale he took himself back to Europe, where for more than a year he studied forest management at the French Forestry School in Nancy and put in a month of fieldwork under Forstmeister ("Chief Forester") Ulrich Meister in the city forest of Zurich, Switzerland.
Back in this country he was hired by George W. Vanderbilt in 1892 to manage the five-thousand-acre forest on his Biltmore estate in North Carolina, a ragged patchwork of abused lands purchased from numerous individual farmers. While nursing this wrecked acreage back to health, the young forester persuaded Vanderbilt to expand his holdings by an additional one hundred thousand acres of nearly untouched forest land outside the estate. This new enterprise became known as the Pisgah Forest, and it was there in 1895 that Pinchot introduced what were almost certainly the first scientific logging operations ever undertaken in this country.
By then the young man had made a secure reputation in the field; indeed, he was the field. In December 1893 he opened an office in Manhattan as a "consulting forester." Over the next several years, while continuing his work for Vanderbilt in North Carolina, he provided advice and research work on forest lands in Michigan, Pennsylvania, and New York State—including the six-millionacre Adirondack Park and Forest Preserve, established in 1895 as the largest state-owned park in the nation. He could—and doubtless did—take satisfaction from a description given of him by a newspaper columnist as early as 1892: "Contrast the career of this Yale graduate with that of certain young men of Gotham who flatten their noses against club windows in the morning, and soften their brains with gossip, champagne and the unmentionables at other periods of the day and night."
There was nothing soft in this graduate's brain, and since he lived most of his time at home with his mother and father, there was even less that could be called unmentionable in his behavior or experience (his first fiancée died in 1894, an event that so devastated him he did not marry until twenty years later, after his mother's own death). By the turn of the century he was fully equipped by temperament and experience to assume the task that would soon be given him: the intelligent management of more forest land than had ever been placed in the control of any single individual.
It would be difficult to find a more convenient symbol for the dark side of American enterprise than the state of the nation's forest lands in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. Restrained only by the dictates of the marketplace, the timber industry had enjoyed a free hand for generations, and the wreckage was considerable. Most of the best forest land east of the Mississippi had long since been logged out—sometimes twice over—and while generally humid conditions had allowed some of the land to recover in second and third growth, erosion had permanently scarred many areas. Unimpeded runoff during seasonal rains had caused such ghastly floods as that leading to the destruction of Johnstown, Pennsylvania, in 1889.
The land of the Mississippi and Ohio valleys was almost entirely privately owned; west of the Mississippi most of the land belonged to the nation. It was called the public domain, its steward was the federal government, as represented by the General Land Office, and for years it had been hostage to the careless enthusiasm of a tradition that looked upon land as a commodity to be sold or an opportunity to be exploited, not a resource to be husbanded. About two hundred million acres of this federal land were forested, and much of it, too, had been systematically mutilated. In addition to legitimate timber companies that consistently misused the various land laws by clear-cutting entire claims without even bothering to remain around long enough to establish final title, many "tramp" lumbermen simply marched men, mules, oxen, and sometimes donkey engines onto an attractive (and vacant) tract of public forest land, stripped it, and moved out, knowing full well that apprehension and prosecution were simply beyond the means or interest of the understaffed, overcommitted, and largely corrupt General Land Office. As early as 1866 such instances of cheerful plunder had gutted so many forests of the public domain that the surveyors general of both Washington Territory and Colorado Territory earnestly recommended to the General Land Office that the forest lands in their districts be sold immediately, while there was something left to sell.
The forests were not sold, nor did they vanish entirely, but they did remain vulnerable to regular depredation. It was not until 1891 and passage of an obscure legislative rider called the Forest Reserve Clause that the slowly growing reform element in the executive branch was enabled to do anything about it. Armed with the power of this law, President Benjamin Harrison withdrew thirteen million acres of public forest land in the West from uses that would have been permitted by any of the plethora of lenient land laws then on the books, and at the end of his second term, President Grover Cleveland added another twenty-one million acres. Since there was virtually no enforcement of the new law, however, withdrawal provided little protection from illegal use; at the same time, it specifically disallowed legitimate use of public timber and grasslands. In response to the howl that arose in the West and to give some semblance of protection and managed use, Congress passed the Forest Organic Act of June 1897, which stipulated that the forest reserves were intended "to improve and protect the forest… for the purpose of securing favorable conditions of water flow, and to furnish a continuous supply of timber for the use and necessities of citizens of the United States."
Gifford Pinchot, the young "consulting forester," was the author of much of the language of the act. In the summer of 1896 he had distinguished himself as the secretary of the National Forest Commission, a body formed by President Cleveland to investigate conditions in the nation's public forests and to recommend action for their proper use and protection, and it was the commission that had put forth the need for an organic act. No one knew more about American forests than Pinchot did, and he seemed the only logical choice to head the Department of Agriculture's Forestry Division when the position of director fell vacant in May 1898.
On the face of it, Pinchot's new post was less than prestigious. The Forestry Division was housed in two rooms of the old red-brick Agriculture Building on the south side of the Mall in Washington, D.C. It enjoyed a total of eleven employees and an annual appropriation of $28,500. And since the forest reserves remained under the jurisdiction of the Interior Department, the Forestry Division had little to do beyond advising private landowners on the proper management of their wood lots and forests. This was anathema to an activist like Pinchot, and he was soon honing the skills that would make him one of the most persistent and effective lobbyists who ever prowled the cloakrooms and cubbyholes of Congress.
His ambition was not a small one: He wanted nothing less than to get the forest reserves transferred to Agriculture and placed under his care in the Forestry Division and then to build the division into the first effective agency for the management and conservation of public lands in the history of the nation. It did not hurt his chances when he became intimate with another early American conservationist—Theodore Roosevelt.
Roosevelt had spent much of his youth killing and stuffing birds and was to spend much of his adult life shooting bigger and better animals, which he had other people stuff for him. Nevertheless, when he assumed the Presidency in 1901, he became the first Chief Executive to play an informed and active role in the conservation movement. With George Bird Grinnell (editor of Forest and Stream magazine) he had been a cofounder of the Boone and Crockett Club, an exclusive gathering of conservation-minded hook-and-bullet men whose influence had gone a long way toward preserving the wildlife in Yellowstone National Park and toward slowing the wholesale commercial slaughter that had exterminated the passenger pigeon and was well on its way toward wiping out several other species. During his Presidency Roosevelt would establish the first federal wildlife refuges, support the expansion of the national park system, back passage of the Reclamation Act of 1902, and use the full power of the Antiquities Act of 1906 to designate no fewer than eighteen national monuments, including Grand Canyon, in Arizona.
He crafted the Forest Service into an agency whose dedication to the ideal of service to the public was nearly unique. By 1909 its domain had been enlarged to 148 million acres and it was one of the most respected government organizations in the nation.
Nor was Roosevelt indifferent to forests. "The American had but one thought about a tree," he once wrote, "and that was to cut it down." While governor of New York, he had sought forestry advice from Pinchot, and they had hit it off from the start. "There has been a peculiar intimacy between you and Jim [James R. Garfield, his Secretary of the Interior] and me," Roosevelt wrote Pinchot in later years, "because all three of us have worked for the same causes, have dreamed the same dreams, have felt a substantial identity of purpose as regards many of what we three deemed the most vital problems of today." Pinchot's own feelings bordered on adulation, although Roosevelt maintained that the younger man admired his predatory instincts above all else. "He thinks," he told Archie Butt, his personal assistant, "that if we were cast away somewhere together and we were both hungry, I would kill him and eat him, and" he had added with that carnivore's grin of his, "I would, too. "
The two men combined almost immediately in an effort to get the forest reserves into Pinchot's care. The public lands committees of both the House and Senate, however, were dominated by Westerners, many of whom had vested interests in the status quo, and it took more than three years of public campaigning and artful cajolery, Roosevelt himself bringing the full weight of the Presidency to bear on the point, before Pinchot was given his heart's desire: passage of the Forest Transfer Act, on February 1, 1905. In addition to bringing over the forests—which now totaled more than sixty-three million acres—the new law provided for the charging of fees for cutting timber and grazing cattle and sheep, and this was followed by the Agricultural Appropriation Act of March 3, a section of which gave federal foresters "authority to make arrests for the violation of laws and regulations relating to the forest reserves. …"
The government was now in the tree business with a vengeance. Shortly the name of the reserves was changed to that of national forests, the Forestry Division to that of the U.S. Forest Service, and Gifford Pinchot was solidly in place as the nation's first chief forester, a position he would hold officially only until his resignation in 1910 but would hold in his heart for the rest of his life.
With his President's blessing, Pinchot crafted the young agency into a public bodv whose dedication to the ideal of service to the public was nearly unique for its time (or our own, for that matter). It came directly out of Pinchot's own convictions. "It is the first duty of a public officer to obey the law," he wrote in The Fight for Conservation, in 1910. "But it is his second duty, and a close second, to do everything the law will let him do for the public good. …"
It was an elite corps that Pinchot created, built on merit and merit alone, one in which both competence and stupidity were swiftly rewarded—and little went unnoticed by the chief forester ("I found him all tangled up," Pinchot wrote to a lieutenant about one hapless employee, "and generally making an Ass of himself, with splendid success"). William R. Greeley, one of the twenty-five hundred foresters who served under Pinchot (and who later became chief forester himself), caught the spirit of Pinchot's influence precisely: "He made us … feel like soldiers in a patriotic cause."
The system this exemplary body of men administered was carefully structured by the chief forester. Individual forests were divided up into management units, each with its own ranger or ranger force, and administrative headquarters were established in the six districts across the West where most of the forests were grouped, from Missoula, Montana, to Portland, Oregon. Pinchot gave his district supervisors a great deal of autonomy and encouraged them to give their rangers similarly loose reins in the field—whether selecting stands of harvestable trees, supervising a timber sale, regulating the number of cows or sheep that might be allowed on a piece of grazing land, or fighting fires. The first step in proper administration, he said, "was to find the right man and see that he understood the scope and limits of his work, and just what was expected of him"; then "the next step was to give him his head and let him use it."
The principles Pinchot put to work would become one of the roots of the sensibility we call environmentalism. It was called conservation then, which, he wrote, "means the wise use of the earth and its resources for the lasting good of men."
The chief forester did not remain aloof. He was given to unannounced field trips, poking his prominent nose into every nook and cranny of the system to see what was what, and he maintained a body of field inspectors who reported regularly to him and him alone. "To set results," he remembered, "we had to revise, common-sensitize, and make alive the whole attitude and action of the men who had learned the Land Office way of handling the Reserves. … We had to drive out red tape with intelligence, and unite the office and the field. Next … we had to bring about a fundamental change in the attitude and action of the men who lived in or near the Reserves and used them. We had to get their cooperation by earning their respect."
That respect did not come easily. Those individuals and corporations that had become accustomed to unrestricted access to Western resources did not remain silent during all this, nor did their politicians. At one point in 1908 the Rocky Mountain News featured a cartoon showing "Czar Pinchot and His Cossack Rangers." Others declared that the Forest Service was subverting the pioneering instinct that had built the country. "While these chiefs of the Bureau of Forestry sit within their marble halls," Sen. Charles W. Fulton of Oregon intoned in 1907, "and theorize and dream of waters conserved, forests and streams protected and preserved throughout the ages and the ages, the lowly pioneer is climbing the mountain side where he will erect his humble cabin, and within the shadow of the whispering pines and the lofty firs of the forest engage in the laborious work of carving out for himself and his loved ones a home and a dwelling place."
Despite such cavils, by the time Roosevelt left office in March 1909, the national forest system had been enlarged to 148 million acres, and the Forest Service had become one of the most respected government services in the nation—reason enough for the historian M. Nelson McGeary's encomium of 1960: "Had there been no Pinchot to build the U.S. Forest Service into an exceptionally effective agency, it would hardly have been possible to report in 1957 that 'most' of the big lumber operators had adopted forestry as a policy; or that the growth of saw timber has almost caught up with the rate of drain on forest resources from cutting, fire, and natural losses. …"
Nor, it is safe to say, would there have been much left of the forests themselves. The principles Pinchot put to work would inform the management of the public lands throughout most of the twentieth century and become one of the roots of the sensibility we call environmentalism. It was called conservation then, and Pinchot always claimed that he was the first to put that use upon the word. "Conservation," he wrote, "means the wise use of the earth and its resources for the lasting good of men. Conservation is the foresighted utilization, preservation, and / or renewal of forests, waters, lands, and minerals, for the greatest good of the greatest i lumber for the longest time."
Wise use was the cornerstone, and Pinchot and his followers had little patience with the still-embryonic notion that the natural world deserved preservation quite as much for its own sake as for the sake of the men and women who used it. John Muir, a hairy wood sprite of a naturalist whom Pinchot had met and befriended as early as 1896, personified this more idealistic instinct, tracing the roots of his own inspiration back to Henry David Thoreau's declaration that "in Wildness is the preservation of the World." For a time, the two men were allies in spite of their differences, but the friendship disintegrated after 1905, when Pinchot lent his support to the efforts of the city of San Francisco to dam the Hetch Hetchy Valley in Yosemite National Park for a public water-and-power project in order to free the city from a private power monopoly.
Muir, whose writings about Yosemite had brought him a measure of fame, had founded the Sierra Club in 1892 largely as a tool to protect the glorious trench of the Yosemite Valley and other pristine areas in the Sierra Nevada. Among these was the Hetch Hetchy Valley, which these early preservationists maintained was the equal of Yosemite itself in beauty. The reservoir that would fill up behind the proposed dam on the Tuolumne River would obliterate that beauty. But this was exactly the sort of public power-and-water project that spoke most eloquently to the deepest pragmatic instincts of Pinchot and his kind, who argued that every measure of conservation as they understood it would be fulfilled by approval of the project. "Whoever dominates power," Pinchot wrote, "dominates all industry."
Both sides in the argument faced off energetically in this first major conflict between the utilitarian and the preservationist wings of the conservation movement, and it took nearly ten years, the approval of two Presidents, and the passage of special legislation by Congress in 1913 before San Francisco obtained permission to build its dam. "The destruction of the charming groves and gardens, the finest in all California," Muir wrote to a friend, "goes to my heart. But in spite of Satan & Co., some sort of compensation must surely come out of this dark damn-dam damnation." Pinchot had no doubts and no regrets.
Pinchot's devotion to the principles of conservation went beyond the immediate question of use versus preservation. Monopoly was evil personified, and monopoly, he believed, stemmed directly from the control of the natural world. "Monopoly of resources," he wrote in Breaking New Ground, "which prevents, limits, or destroys equality of opportunity is one of the most effective of all ways to control and limit human rights, especially the right of self-government." With this conviction to guide him, it did not take him long to find his way from the world of conservation to the world of politics, where, like thousands of his class, he found his imagination seized by Progressive Republicanism.
The movement had been distilled from more than forty years of what the historian Howard Mumford Jones called "exuberance and wrath" following the Civil War. Its followers saw themselves and their values caught in a vise: threatened on one side by an increasingly violent and potentially revolutionary uprising on the part of the great unwashed—largely represented by the Democratic party—and on the other by a cynical plutocratic brotherhood—largely represented by the regular Republican party—which brutally twisted and subverted American institutions for purposes of personal greed and power.
Imperfectly but noisily, Theodore Roosevelt had given these people in the middle a voice and a symbol to call their own, and when he chose not to run for a third term in 1908, they felt abandoned. Prominent among them was Gifford Pinchot, and there is some evidence to suggest that he engineered his own dismissal as chief forester by President William Howard Taft, whom Roosevelt had groomed as his own chosen successor. The opportunity came in 1909, when Pinchot learned that Taft's Secretary of the Interior, Richard Ballinger, was determined to honor a number of coal-mining claims on lands in Alaska that Roosevelt had earlier withdrawn from such uses.
When Taft backed his Interior Secretary, Pinchot chose to see it as the beginning of a wholesale repudiation of all that Roosevelt had done to champion the public interest. He made no secret of his conclusions, and Taft was certain that more than bureaucratic integrity was behind Pinchot's loudly voiced concerns. "I am convinced," he wrote his brother, "that Pinchot with his fanaticism and his disappointment at my decision in the Ballinger case plans a coup by which I shall be compelled to dismiss him and he will be able to make out a martyrdom and try to raise opposition against me."
Taft resisted as long as he reasonably could, but when Pinchot violated the President's direct orders to maintain silence by writing an open letter to a Senate committee investigating the Ballinger matter, he decided he had no choice. Calling the letter an example of insubordination "almost unparalleled in the history of the government," Taft fired the chief forester of the United States on January 7, 1910. Pinchot rushed home with the letter of dismissal and waved it at his mother, crying, "I'm fired!." "My Mother's eyes flashed," he remembered, in Breaking New Ground; "she threw back her head, flung one hand high above it, and answered with one word: 'Hurrah!' "
The essential legacy of this committed, driven man, this public servant, this prince of rectitude, is the national forests themselves. There are 191 million acres of them now, spreading over the West, still threatened and mismanaged and loved.
Despite these memories of triumph, the most effective and rewarding part of Pinchot's career had come to an end. It certainly would not have seemed so to him at the time, however, as he joined in his friend Roosevelt's 1912 campaign to unseat Taft as a third-party candidate. Pinchot had been promised the State Department if Roosevelt won, but Roosevelt lost and, losing, split the Republican party and gave the Presidency to Woodrow Wilson. All Pinchot got was the satisfaction of seeing Taft humiliated—which nonetheless was "something to be proud and happy about," he crowed.
There followed years of politicking, all with his old vigor, but with mixed results and mostly confined to the state of Pennsylvania, where he served a couple of stormy, largely unproductive terms as governor.
It all took him too far from the forests that were his abiding interests. He had never lost sight of them, of course. In 1937, at the age of seventy-two, he undertook a five-thousand-mile trip sponsored by the Forest Service through the national forests of Montana, Idaho, Oregon, and California, sleeping out in the open, flying in Forest Service planes, and generally re-creating the delights of his youthful days on the old Forest Commission. "What I saw gave me the greatest satisfaction," he wrote upon his return. "The service is better than it was when I left and everywhere the forests are coming back. What more could a man ask?"
He was a good deal less mellow when FDR's Secretary of the Interior, his old friend and colleague Harold L. Ickes, opened a campaign to have the national forests taken out of the Department of Agriculture and placed back in Interior—an effort that earlier Interior Secretaries had supported and to which Pinchot had taken predictable umbrage. This time, however, the invective he launched against the idea was more than matched by that of the self-described curmudgeon Ickes, as the two old Progressives attempted to outdo each other in vitriol.
"What is behind all this?" Pinchot asked the assembled members of the Izaak Walton League in April 1937. "The man who has been my friend for more than a quarter of a century has allowed his ambition to get away with his judgement," and Ickes's great power had "bred the lust of greater power." Ickes countered that "Gifford Pinchot, who is a persistent fisherman in political waters, exemplifies more than anyone else in American public life how the itch for public office can break down one's intellectual integrity." The character of the debate between the two men rarely rose above this level until the beginning of World War II rendered the question moot. The forests stayed in the Department of Agriculture.
Appropriately, much of Pinchot's remaining years were spent in the writing of Breaking New Ground, which remains one of the central documents of the American conservation movement. That was a legacy worth the offering, and it is a pity that he did not live to see its publication before his death on October 4, 1946.
But the essential legacy of this committed, driven man, this public servant, this prince of rectitude, is the national forests themselves. There are 191 million acres of them now, spreading over the mountain slopes and river valleys of the West like a great dark blanket, still the center of controversy, still threatened and mismanaged and nurtured and loved as they were when the son of a dry goods merchant first walked in an American wood and wondered what could be done to save it for the future.
LUMBERING BEFORE PINCHOT
Conservationism
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BREWERIES across North Yorkshire are reporting expansion plans as the industry enjoys its "most exciting time in the last 100 years".
So far this year four breweries in the region have invested in physical expansion projects as demand for their beer continues to rise.
Malton-based Bad Seed has taken over a neighbouring unit at York Way Industrial Estate to make way for more brewing equipment having already sold its next two brews before even putting them into production.
Brewery director Chris Waplington said: "We are now getting orders for our third brew, so it has been a juggling act producing that alongside our other one-off brews.
"Expanding into another unit will give us more storage and eventually room for more fermenters, which will increase our brew capacity.
Mr Waplington said the beer industry is currently "the most exciting it has been for at least 100 years".
As Bad Seed expands its premises, production is now under way at the Great Yorkshire Brewery's new site in Cropton, near Pickering, following a seven-figure investment.
The £1.3 million venture has enabled the brewery to produce three times the volume of ale it brewed at its previous site.
Directors now hope to push export sales for Great Yorkshire beer having already secured supply deals to China and Japan.
In Ellerton, near York, Half Moon Brewery has commissioned a a second fermenter.
The micro-brewery, which was founded in December 2013, saw the 2014 festive season bring its biggest ever month of trading.
Co-director Jackie Rogers said: "Previously we only had one fermenter, which meant we could only do one brew a week. We now have the capability to brew twice a week; it's doubled our capacity.
"It was always our plan to extend and expand, but we didn't know when that would be.
Also doubling its brewing capacity is Wold Top Brewery, Driffield, which started 2015, enabling it to now contract brew for other breweries.


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MWCLT, in coordination with the Richmond Community Development Alliance (RCDA), elected to pursue this designation from the City of Richmond in order to create a more robust, efficient transfer of tax delinquent properties to nonprofits for affordable housing and other uses. MWCLT worked with City staff and elected officials to draft the necessary ordinance to create this designation.
Richmond City Council adopted Ord. No. 2017-196, which officially designated MWCLT as the land bank for the City of Richmond. A memorandum of agreement (MOA) was drafted and attached to the ordinance to outline the relationship between MWCLT and the City.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


My name is Amber and I am a typical mom with a unique gift. I am a medium. For those of you who are not sure what that means, I will explain. I am able to connect with people who have crossed over, to provide healing messages to their loved ones. I am an empath which means Spirit can make me see, feel and hear and sense things others cannot. I am spiritually intuitive, or what some may call psychic, because there is no sense of time or space on the other side, Spirit is able to provide guidance at times and also show me memories of the past. I am also a medical intuitive and developing my abilities as a healer. I hope I can provide assurance to many that our loved ones continue to walk with us and guide us while on the other side.


text:
Q: Set TextView of a Fragment with value generated in another Fragment (NPE) I have an Activity QuestScreen, which at its creation holds the Fragment FragmentQuest.
If i press at the Button, this triggers the next() Method of the Screen activity, leading to replace the FragmentQuest with FragmentAction.
The replacing works so far. The problem is, that after the replace i want to set a TextView in the FragmentAction, to avalue which is generated in the
QuestScreen Activity.
My first attempt was to set the TextView outside the onCreatView of  FragmentAction. This lead to a Nullpointer exception adressing the TextView.
So far I have looked at: This, That, This and That
The attempt seen below leads to an NullpointerException marked in the code.
In The QuestScreen Class
 private void next(){

    //The needed value for the TextView is stored in nextTransition
    Transition nextTransition;
    //Check if an entry is in the list
    if(quest.getTransitionsAbleToFire().size() > 0){
        nextTransition = quest.getTransitionsAbleToFire().get(0);

        fragmentAction = (FragmentAction) fm.findFragmentByTag(TAG_FRAGMENT_ACTION);

        // create the fragment and data the first time
        if (fragmentAction == null) {
            Log.d("QuestScreen onCreate" , "create fAction for first time");
            // add the fragment
            fragmentAction = (FragmentAction) Fragment.instantiate(this, FragmentAction.class.getName(), null);

            fm.beginTransaction().add(fragmentAction, TAG_FRAGMENT_ACTION).commit();
            FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = getFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
            fragmentTransaction.replace(R.id.flFragmentContainer, fragmentAction);
            fragmentTransaction.commit();
        }

        //Triggers the corresponding activity in fragmentAction, to set the TextView to a value which is stored in nextTransition
        fragmentAction.nextAction(nextTransition);
        nextTransition.fire();

    }
    else{
        CharSequence text = "Quest END";
        int duration = Toast.LENGTH_SHORT;
        Toast toast = Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), text, duration);
        toast.show();
    }
}

In the FragmentAction Class
public class FragmentAction extends Fragment {

private TextView txtYourQuest;

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setRetainInstance(true);
}

@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    // CREATE VIEWS HERE

    View layout = inflater.inflate(R.layout.content_action_fragment, container, false);
    txtYourQuest = (TextView) layout.findViewById(R.id.txtV_Your_Quest);
    return layout;
}

@Override
public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
}

public void nextAction(Transition prmTransition){

    // --> Here in the enxt Line comes the NPE :  java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'android.view.View android.app.Activity.findViewById(int)' on a null object reference

    FrameLayout container = (FrameLayout) getActivity().findViewById(R.id.flFragmentContainer);
    LayoutInflater.from(getActivity())
            .inflate(R.layout.content_action_fragment, container, false);

    txtYourQuest.setText("Your " + prmTransition.getAction().getPosition() + ". is to:\n "
    + prmTransition.getAction().getActionName());
}

A:
Activity.findViewById(int)' on a null object reference

This means your getActivity() somehow returns null.
To find out, why does this happen, google something like "getActivity() returns null". Here is a good example of this kind of question on stackoverflow.
And this a workaround to get rid of the crash.

*

*Add activity field to your fragment.
Activity activity;

*Override onAttach() method and set the value to your activity field.
@Override
public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
    super.onAttach(activity);
    this.activity = activity;
}

*Replace getActivity() method with your activity variable.
FrameLayout container = (FrameLayout) activity.findViewById(R.id.flFragmentContainer);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Süp is a labor of love coming from the heart and dreams of Christian and Kasey Christensen. Their desire is to work with their staff, creating healthy, fresh soups, salads and sandwiches in MidTown Reno in addition to catering services.
Sup definition, to eat the evening meal; have supper. See more.


"Asalullahal A'dheema Rabbal A'r-shil A'dheemi Aa-Yashfiaka".
(I ask Almighty Allah the great, who is the Rabb of the great throne to give you shifa (cure)).
He who recites YA SALAMU (The source of peace) frequently will be free from calamities. By reciting this name 115 times to a sick person, Allah (S.W.T) will heal him.
When visiting the sick one should first greet them and then enquire about their health.
One should not visit the sick for a long period.
Always encourage the sick person and be careful not to speak of things that may cause them despair and lose hope.
One should say the following when in the presence of the patient 'Do not be afraid, if Almighty Allah wills, this will be compensation for ones sins'.
If possible take a gift down for the patient and if need be, assist financially.


"Donald Trump loves pomp and circumstance. He loves public displays of toughness. And he really, really loves the military.
The parade would be modeled after the Bastille Day parade that Trump spectated last year during a visit to France. `The marching orders were: I want a parade like the one in France,` one military official told The Washington Post, which broke the story."
Dictators muzzle the free press, ridicule their political opponents, constrain an independent judiciary, and they love military parades.
It`s impossible to produce a documentary about a dictator and not include footage of military parades. Every dictator from Mussolini to Hitler to Stalin to Kim Jung-un has presided over military parades.
Evidently Trump has become green with envy as he`s seen Lil` Kim preside over a military parade once or twice every year. Ostensibly Trump wants a parade to demonstrate his love and appreciation for the military, but we all know that he wants missiles parading down Pennsylvania Ave. as compensation for his tiny hands.
America is the greatest military power in the world and we don`t need to stage elaborate military parades. The world is cognizant of our military might, for good or ill, our military is engaged in dozens of countries.
What we really need to do is impress the world with the power of our democracy to do good, by accepting refugees from every corner of the world.
Unfortunately, Trump will probably get his silly and expensive parade because nobody in his administration has the guts to tell him that it`s a stupid idea.


Both matches will be played on Sunday, February 9. The Victory and Glory will be played at AAMI Park, with kick-off scheduled for 2pm (AEDT), while the Roar and Sydney will play at Dolphin Park in Redcliffe from 7pm (AEDT).
The best way to tune into the W-League semi-finals will be through Fox Sports. Their coverage of both matches will be live from start to finish and ad-break free during play.
To watch the coverage on Fox Sports, you will need to have a valid Foxtel TV subscription, complete with the sports package.
To stream the coverage available on Fox Sports, you can do it through one of three methods, depending on your circumstances.
The best way to do so is through Kayo Sports, which will set you back $25 per month and allows you to stream all of Foxtel's sports channels.
Otherwise, you'll want to tune in through the Foxtel App or Foxtel Now. If you only want to stream channels, then Now is the way to go, otherwise, the app is available for free with valid TV login details.


The Osher Center for Integrative Medicine is one of the leading centers in the world for research on integrative medicine. Much of our research focuses on the effects of mind-body health approaches, including meditation, acupuncture, and yoga. Non-pharmacologic approaches for pain and symptom management are an important priority, and integrative oncology is an emerging focus. We also test the ability of integrative medicine to improve health for medically underserved populations.
To test the effectiveness and safety of integrative medicine approaches. We focus on issues for which conventional pharmacological or surgical treatments have significant limitations, such as pain, mood regulation, stress management, and obesity.
To determine how integrative medicine treatments work — understanding their mechanisms of action — and how treatment effectiveness can be optimized.
To assess how to best use technological, behavioral, and integrative medicine tools to achieve healthy lifestyles.
Developing the next generation of researchers is a high priority of our program. We have a highly successful pre- and postdoctoral fellowship program that prepares physicians and PhDs for research careers in integrative medicine.
Through innovation and good science, we do research that improves health care and advances discovery.
Learn about our current research and how you can participate in advancing the field of integrative medicine.
Our pre- and postdoctoral fellowship program trains scientists, physicians, and other qualified health professionals to become innovative, independent investigators and scholars in integrative medicine research.
Researchers interested in integrative medicine are invited to attend our bimonthly research lectures.
Our monthly Integrative Medicine Grand Rounds series is open to all UCSF faculty and staff, as wells as the broader health professional community. CME/CEU credit is available.
The TRIM fellowship allowed me to continue building my skills as a scientist. The training I received in grant writing, study design, and research methods was invaluable for my research career.
The TRIM fellowship gave me the support to develop independent research interests that strengthened what I learned in graduate school and set me on the path to becoming an independent investigator.


If built, it would be the first Met Council project to reclaim wastewater for one of its customers. The project signifies the council's increased interest in wastewater reuse as concerns mount about the long-term sustainability of Minnesota's water resources.
"We think this is an opportunity for the region to have another tool in the regional water management toolbox," said Deborah Manning, assistant manager of plant engineering at the Met Council.
A Canadian company, Enerkem, plans to build one of the nation's first garbage-to-ethanol plants in Inver Grove Heights. The company has expressed interest in using treated wastewater provided by the Met Council to avoid pumping more than a million gallons of water a day from the ground.
Wastewater that's going to be reclaimed and reused must be treated to a higher standard than if it's discharged into the river, especially if it could come into human contact.
The Met Council's $27 million plan calls for diverting about 2 million gallons a day of wastewater from its Empire treatment plant. The water would be sent to a new treatment facility built on a site the Met Council already owns in Rosemount. The treated water then would be piped to the Enerkem plant.
Enerkem would pay the majority of the cost, Manning said. However, a recent policy change allows the Met Council to share the cost of wastewater reuse projects if it's determined there is a regional benefit, she said.


What exactly is E-Waste? It is Electronic waste, e-waste, e-scrap, or Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) - discarded, surplus, obsolete, or broken electrical or electronic devices, to be exact. An estimated 50 million tonnes of E-waste is produced globally each year. The USA discards 30 million computers each year and 100 million phones are disposed of in Europe each year. It is estimated that only 15-20% of e-waste is recycled, the rest of these electronics go directly into landfills and incinerators. That is quite a bit of preventable pollution.
If you are in the Louisville, KY, area - you can help your local Girl Scouts make sure some e-waste gets recycled. According to Kentucky's Business First, Girl Scouts of Kentuckiana is hosting an electronic waste recycling day May 15, at the Girl Scout Program and Learning Center in Lexington. If you are in the area, definitely bring in your e-waste and have it recycled!
Are there e-waste recycling initiatives in your communities? Let me know!


A church effort from Florida will bring more relief to the Wilmington, N.C., area, starting with a small town called Whiteville.
The team hit the road Tuesday morning from Leesburg. A year ago when Florida was pounded by Hurricane Irma, North Carolina was among the states sending volunteers to help.
Now with eastern North Carolina swamped after Hurricane Florence, a Florida group saw the opportunity to return the favor.
Gainesville's canopy has grown smaller and smaller over the past decade. Some researchers are looking to the public to learn how they feel about this and what can be done to improve the city.


EXANTE, the leading Hedge Fund Marketplace has just signed on Systematic Alpha Management LLC to it's platform. The company has opted to list two funds on the platform namely the Systematic Alpha Futures Fund and the Systematic Alpha Multi-Strategy Futures Fund. Each fund offers two share classes: Class A ("Standard Leverage") and Class B ("Double Leverage").
The fund, managed my Mr. Alexei Chekhlov and Mr. Peter Kambolin aims to achieve consistent returns having low to negative correlation to any major equity, bond or currency markets, as well as broad Hedge Fund indices. The fund attempts to achieve its goal by employing a mix of quantitative systematic trading strategies using highly liquid financial instruments, and applying a contrarian, liquidity providing, mean-reversion approach as the dominant part of the investment philosophy.
The fund, managed my Mr. Alexei Chekhlov and Mr. Peter Kambolin aims to achieve consistent returns having low to negative correlation to any major equity, bond or currency markets, as well as broad Hedge Fund indices. The fund attempts to achieve its goal by employing a number of quantitative trading models that exploit two main themes: (i) short-term market neutral mean reversion and (ii) short-term directional trading.
Reuters report that top fund management firms warned the European Commission's head of finance that the imposition of the new rules could affect the whole industry.


270 W El Paso Ave.
FRESNO's La-Z-Boy furniture store provides an array of home furniture for you to choose from. Stop by or make an appointment with one of our design professionals today!
Stay connected with La-Z-Boy on Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and email.
From charitable activities to environmental responsibilities, we're committed to our local communities.


Just happens, that after you publish new content, this shows up on your Joomla 1.0 page with weird characters. (The problem was solved for Joomla 1.5+.) The causes, and the cures for it may be many, but sometimes a simple hack can solve your problems.


text:
Marginella adamkusi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Marginellidae, the margin snails.

Description

Distribution

References

External links

Marginellidae
Gastropods described in 1994

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Gulp BabelJs compile issue wrong order I am facing an issue related to compiling ES6 scripts by using gulp babel. My project consists of maybe 40 - 50 different ES6 files (one class per file). At the moment, the compile process relies on a maintained ordered list of these .js files to guarantee a correct compilation and output order.
In the very past I tried to let the babel plugin compile these files in its own order. Unfortunately the result were runtime errors due to missing declared classes (affected by wrong compilation order).
My question is now: Is there any way to guarantee the correct compilation order automatically instead of manually maintaining this list?
 If not, is there any ES6 compiler which does guarantee a correct compilation order automatically?
Thank you and best regards

A: I think the issue is, that babel doesn't resolve your dependencies.
For example:
// ComponentA.js
import AbstractComponent from './AbstractComponent';
class ComponentA extends AbstractComponent { ... }

// AbstractComponent.js
class AbstractComponent { ... }
export default AbstractComponent;

// gulpfile.js
gulp.task('js', function () {
return gulp.src(['./resources/javascript/ComponentA.js'])
    .pipe(concat('app.js'))
    .pipe(babel({ presets: ['@babel/env']}))
    .pipe(gulp.dest('./public/js'));
});

Issue here is, that babel can't find it's parent class, because it's not defined before ComponentA Class. I've same issue and no solution for that.
E.g. React you are able to import from classes and compile them to es5 and everything is fine...


Thank you for your interest in StoryCorps' Listener Survey! You have reached an older version of the survey. Please navigate to the newer version here: https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/StoryCorps_Listener. We appreciate your feedback!


text:
Samuel de Champlain: Perspectives
North America through the eyes of Champlain
Champlain through the eyes of North Americans
Artistic representations
Mapping Champlain's journeys
Champlain before 1603
Samuel de Champlain was born at Brouage, France around the year 1570. Little is known about his early childhood or education, as most information about him is derived from his own writings, which focus very little on his early years or the more intimate details of his personal life.
Through extensive genealogical research, scholars have discovered that Champlain's father, Antoine, like his mother, Marguerite Le Roy, was descended from people who made their living from the sea. As Antoine's maritime career advanced, Champlain was provided with ample opportunities to spend time on the water. These opportunities contributed to the formation of his identity and capabilities as a sailor. Between 1599 and 1603, he made at least 27 crossings of the Atlantic Ocean and numerous other sea voyages.
As a young man, Samuel de Champlain was also influenced by the diverse culture and values of the region of France in which he was living. Scholars have suggested that the then province of Saintonge had a distinct culture and heritage that shaped Champlain's own world view – his humanist values, tolerance for diversity and immense curiosity about the world around him – and would later influence his approach to the colony the French referred to as New France.
Samuel de Champlain's experiences as a soldier during the religious wars in France also influenced his identity and approach to colonization in New France. As a quartermaster in the army of King Henri IV in the religious wars in Brittany, Champlain witnessed terrible atrocities, as adherents to the Catholic and Protestant faiths battled for religious supremacy in France. These experiences not only contributed to Champlain's ability as a soldier, but also resulted in his aversion to, and avoidance of, war whenever possible, and a tolerance for other religious practices in the context of Catholic universality. Champlain's experiences as a soldier also shaped his approach to exploration and colonization, which was one rooted primarily in peace, if not always mutual understanding.
The wars of religion in Brittany came to a formal end with the institution of the Edict of Nantes by King Henri IV in April 1598 and the signing of the peace treaty at Vervins by France and Spain in May of the same year. Under the Treaty of Vervins, all Spanish troops were expected to leave France and return to Spain. The matter of their transportation presented an opportunity for Champlain, who accompanied his uncle, Guillaume Allène, also referred to as Captain Provençal, who was charged with repatriating a number of these soldiers by sea aboard the Saint-Julien.
After this voyage to Spain, Champlain is believed to have travelled to many parts of the West Indies and Mexico between 1599 and 1601. These travels greatly enhanced his navigational knowledge and enabled him to explore and describe different parts of the world. During this period, Champlain mentally recorded the geographical characteristics of the places he visited. Later he wrote descriptions – based on both his remembered observations and information from people he met along the way – of the lands he had visited and their flora and fauna. Champlain was also deeply interested in the African slaves and indigenous people he encountered in the West Indies and Mexico. His writings indicate his horror and disgust about the treatment of these people under Spanish rule and the system of religious tyranny that was imposed on them.
On his return to Spain, Champlain drafted a "brief discours" on his travels throughout the Spanish empire and, when he returned to France in 1601, presented it to King Henri IV. That same year, the king granted Champlain an annual pension and ordered him to remain at the French court.
During the period of 1598 to 1601, Champlain's travels further shaped his identities as a sailor, explorer, cartographer, writer and naturalist. His experiences had a profound effect on his approach to exploration and colonization in what is now Quebec and Ontario.
The French presence in North America before 1603
Champlain and Tadoussac, 1603
Adventures in Acadia, 1604-07
New England, 1604-06
Quebec, 1608-09
Building alliances with Aboriginal peoples, 1609-10
An uncertain period, 1610-13
Champlain and the Ottawa Valley, 1613
Champlain and Huronia, 1615
Challenges in France, 1616-19
Furthering the colonial project in New France, 1620-27
Attack on New France, 1628-29
Champlain's last years at Quebec, 1633-35


text:
Harvey Goldstein (Indonesia) - Weebly
The Johns Hopkins University Center for Talented Youth
The president of Indonesia's PT Harvest International Indonesia and the managing director of Singapore's Business-Link Consultancy, Harvey Goldstein holds membership in a number of professional business organizations. Harvey Goldstein also supports educational opportunities for economically challenged students as the chairman of the South-East Asia Advisory Board for Johns Hopkins University's Center for Talented Youth.
The roots of the Center for Talented Youth (CTY) extend back to the work of Johns Hopkins psychologist Julian Stanley, who helped high-achieving middle school students by matching their advanced abilities with appropriate academic challenges. Officially founded in 1979, CTY continues to pursue its mission to "recognize and develop the world's brightest minds" and its vision to become a global leader in the education of academically advanced students from kindergarten through high school.
The CTY of today holds accreditation through the Middle States Association of College and Schools Commissions on Elementary and Secondary Schools. Much of its accredited course work is now conducted online. According to 2012 statistics, the CTY served over 9,450 students through its summer programs and over 13,000 students throughout its courses online programs.
These online distance-learning programs allow students opportunities to take advanced courses without having to travel or miss classes at their local school. Online CTY courses typically combine traditional classroom elements, such as texts and student guides, with modern features such as digital interactivity and access to a range of multimedia resources.
The John Hopkins CTY Scholarship
Harvey Goldstein of Indonesia has had a long career in finance, civic leadership, and philanthropy. The founder of Harvest International and co-founder of Manchester Group Ltd, Harvey Goldstein's Singapore investment work has not kept him from donating substantially to the Johns Hopkins University Centre for Talented Youth.
Dedicated to nurturing young talent, the John Hopkins Center for Talented Youth offers various scholarships to exemplary students such as the John Hopkins CTY Scholarship.
The CTY scholarship was created in 2004 to help smart underprivileged 8th-graders from poor backgrounds or traditionally unrepresented groups get an affordable education. The scholarship provides tuition for both the summer and the year-round programs.
The scholarship readies the students for top performance in their classwork and for future leadership roles through participation in intensive summer programs, mentoring programs, and distance education courses.
To be eligible for the CTY scholarship, candidates must have good SAT/ACT scores. Besides the SAT/ACT exams, students must come from a low-income household, and live in a geographic area selected by donors.
Harvey Goldstein is an American executive who has almost five decades of experience doing business and creating jobs in Southeast Asia.
Harvey Goldstein, Indonesia | Xing
Harvey Goldstein, Indonesia on AngelList
Harvey Goldstein, Indonesia Profile
Tweets by harveygindonesi
American Chambers Of Commerce
Asia Pacific Council Of American Chambers Of Commerce (APCAC)
Asia-Pacific Council Of American Chambers Of Commerce (APCAC)
Business-Link Consultancy
Center For Talented Yout
Harvest International
Harvey Goldstein
Harvey Goldstein Indonesia
John Hopkins CTY Scholarship
Johns Hopkins University Center For Talented Youth
NASA's Nimbus Satellites
Nimbus Satellites
PT Harvest International


Great Value For Money Wireless Bluetooth Earpiece Earphones! Sleek Stylish Design!
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Many of you know Al from our Peninsula store. Al is taking a needed vacation and cavorting about the globe and he's kindly sending us pictures of his vacation as he arrives at each location. Where will Al and Century Cycles wind up next?


Close parking space : 5M70 X 3M50 located in a central building in the Golden Square area.
Paints and ground will be redone.
The most wanted area of Monaco Principality, reason of its denomination, the "Golden Square" reprensent all residences close to the Casino, which is the central and historic place of Monaco.
This one will be moreover completely renew with a new first ever project which will fully redraft the famous Casino face and his close neighbourhood. A new area with both living and shops parts, even more chic and luxurious with 40 shops, 48 rental residences, 5 000 offices Sqm, 3 000 Sqm of lecture theaters, a show room and 500 parking spaces.
Business asset about 70sqm, divided on 2 floors with shop window on street. Lease for all activities instead of restaurant. Rental amount about 2200€/month including charges. Located close to Boulevard des Moulins.
Deplanche immobilier is a member of the Monaco real estate chamber.


Can we please have a feature to block specified websites on android?
Interesting idea @Aimon - could you provide some additional detail as to what you're looking for?
As a brave user i want to be able to enter a list of URL's i don't want to navigate to so that i can keep productive and safe on the web.
My use case is not spend time on timesucking sites like facebook but there are other use cases for addiction recovery etc.
I could add these sites to a list in settings and have a message of "page blocked" show when i try to navigate there.
Thanks for the explanation @Aimon!
I'd like to second this. I use Brave on desktop and Android. On desktop I use the Domain Blocker extension, but as the Android version of Brave doesn't support extensions yet I can't do the same on mobile.
A white list of allowed sites would be the most effective, with password protection.


text:
Session 217: Rod Hamdallah // Jake'O
Poster Design: Lauden Nute
Hailing from Atlanta, GA, garage rocker Rod Hamdallah has been tearing up the southeast music scene since before he was old enough to have his first drink.
By age 16, Rod was soaking up garage rock and southern delta blues and mastering it technically at a relentless pace.
Subsequently influenced by early soul as well, Hamdallah took his music to yet another level; and by age 17, he was sharing the stage with influences such as blues prodigy Sean Costello, Jack White mentor Dexter Romweber and many, many more.
The elements in rod's original musical are rooted in blues, garage and early soul. Dark storytelling and american roots music play a big part in his songwriting as well. He creates a sound that can be likened to such artists as Flat Duo Jets, Captain Beefheart and the Black Keys.
Think about it, Hamdallah's debut EP, was released May 1st, 2014. it is a wailing garage-rock stomper with bluesy, lo-fi vocals all throughout its five tracks. The single "Think About It" will keep your head bobbing with its dirty guitar and punk rock attitude, all while his soulful vocals thread throughout.
"Carry You Home" features Colonel J.D. Wilkes, of the Legendary Shack Shakers, a band rod has toured with worldwide. Wilkes adds both banjo and an almost-dreamy, wurlitzer piano to this bluesy western tune.
Crafting a sound from personal experience, dynamic variation and melodic vocals, Rod Hamdallah stands poised to take this show on the road… and around the world! Because, for Rod, hunger is his main hallmark. It is an undeniable quality in his soul.
Jake'O is a 25-year-old-soul with the spirit of an aged blues man and talent of a seasoned rocker. He consistently amazes his audiences with his modern-retro originals and his eclectic arrangements of blues, rock 'n' roll, and R&B.
His enthusiastic entertainment style transforms a 'routine performance' into a experience that the audience are unable to forget. When he takes to the stage, his greasy guitar licks and his booming dynamic reverberating-vocals captivates the crowd and enraptures them. His strikingly handsome appearance coupled with his flashy stage presence and ability to create original compositions makes him a 'triple threat'.
"These days, as an up-and-coming act, he graces the stage with a vintage blue guitar, and plays a blend of blues, R&B, and rockabilly. You might see him wearing a matching button up shirt and vest with dress shoes, looking like a flashback to the days of Sam Cooke and Nat King Cole."~WiscNews
"From the first, song he brought a stage presents and enthusiasm that just captured the audience attention. He just has an oracle energy that draws you to your feet. You really need to experience his performance. Yes it is an experience, he has the ability to make you feel like every song he is performing just for you. He has that star quality about him. He is a handsome young man that I think the ladies like. He sings plays guitar and dances the entire show. His music has many styles combined, some rock, blues, soul, and a touch of country --all combine his style. He puts on a show that is family friendly but definitely not kid music but his beats do make the kids dance as well as adults."~ROCKERVERA.com


text:
Great places to live
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Retirement Properties for Sale
The Close Nuneaton
Still open to new possibilities? Don't worry you can still safely move into a beautiful secure new apartment. Call us now on 0800 201 4811 to find out how
Church Street, Nuneaton, Warwickshire, CV11 4AU View on map
1 bedroom from
Buy Outright / Part Buy Part Rent / Rental available
January Moving Solutions Open Day
Click here to view offers
The Close, Nuneaton
Homeowners lounge
Show complex now open by appointment. Call us now on 0800 201 4811
Settle into retired life just a stone's throw from the bustling town of Nuneaton, with your very own apartment in a luxury gated community exclusively available to the over 60s. McCarthy Stone Retirement Living development in Nuneaton has everything a retiree could wish for, including spacious and modern private apartments and sociable communal areas. Get to know your new neighbours in the welcoming and comfortable Communal lounge, or in the maintained gardens surrounding the property. With lifts to all floors and accessible routes throughout the development, residents can keep their independence well into retirement...
We limit the number of apartments in each of our developments in order to encourage a close-knit community feel; in Nuneaton there will be just 25 one bedroom and 26 two bedroom apartments available. Our House Manager is on-site during office hours to assist residents with any issues or queries. The safety and security of our residents is a top priority at McCarthy Stone. We install the latest hi- tech security systems, including a camera entry system so you can see who's calling before allowing them into the complex, and burglar alarms in each apartment. Each resident is also provided with a 24 hour emergency call system for peace of mind.
Our apartments are designed to make maximum use of space, with fully fitted kitchens, Sky TV and telephone connection points in the living rooms and main bedrooms, and energy efficient heating to keep residents cosy through the winter months. Guests are welcome at any time at McCarthy Stone, with plenty of guest parking and even a Guest Suite available for overnight visitors. We also allow pets, so there's no need to leave beloved family members behind when you move.
Development Highlights
Located in the desirable town of Nuneaton, Warwickshire
Communal lounge
Close to the expansive Riversley Park
On-site House Manager
Close to the town centre and amenities
24/7 call system
Camera entry system
Lifts to all floors
Lounge Wi-Fi access
See for yourself what The Close has to offer with virtual tours of our one bedroom apartment, two bedroom apartment and Communal lounge. To get the best experience click the full screen icon with the four arrows below in the bottom left menu bar.
Two bedroom apartment
Interactive Site Plan
Our interactive site plan allows you to explore the properties on this retirement development. Click on the arrows to switch between floors. Properties in green are available and those in red are already reserved, sold or rented out. When you click on an available property you can see information about the sales and rental prices (all rental prices include service charges and ground rent). From there you can click through to the property page to get the full details.
Explore properties:
What you can expect to pay
Did you know? Our retirement rental prices include service charge and ground rent.
Take a look through our Retirement Living service charge costs.
Each year, we help residents set the budget that they need for retirement. Although we cannot guarantee that our Retirement Living service charges will remain the same for year to year, our many statutory safeguards will remain in place, to ensure that your opinions are recognised and acknowledged when defining budgets.
*Please note that not all the listed costs below apply for our Retirement Living properties. Also, our charges are calculated on an average sized development. You can find more information on our service charges here and for full details on a specific development please speak to your sales consultant.
Electricity, heating and lighting (communal areas)
Water and sewage (communal areas and apartments)
Maintenance of building and gardens
Building insurance*
Future maintenance fund
Income to Guest Suite and sundry income
9% of your service charge
6% of your service charge*
*Not applicable in Scotland
29% of your service charge
Communal cleaning, contract cleaning of window and garden/ground upkeep and regular maintenance servicing.
*Individual home and contents insurance not included.
House Manager staff costs, including training and call out allowance.
Contingency fund. Long term asset replacement, and interior and exterior re-decorations.
Management fees and accounts. Bank charges and audit fee.
Income from Guest Suite and sundry income will be deducted from the development ongoing Service Charges.
Electricity, heating and lighting (apartments)
*Ground Rent
Phone / Broadband
TV Licence and/or TV service
*Ground Rent is a separate charge, paid independently of the service charge.
Will costs increase after I move in? How are budgets set?
Is it more expensive to live in one of your apartments than my current home?
Do I need to pay ground rent, how much is it and how is it set?
Do your service charge budgets proposed at the start of the year prove to be accurate?
Are there any fees that are payable on selling or letting?
Our service charges are fixed on an annual cycle and reflect the costs of the services we procure on behalf of our homeowners.
We share the individual costs that make up the service charge with homeowners and outline the methods for calculating the resulting charge. The service charge for each year is agreed in consultation with homeowners through an open book budgeting process.
We do our very best to negotiate the best cost with third party service providers on behalf of our homeowners. As part of our system of checks and controls to ensure they are treated fairly, we regularly monitor service charges in our managed schemes against current market practices and third party providers to ensure we offer competitive rates. We have developed a simple chart to help Customers make a direct comparison for use during the sales process and a full breakdown of the service charge budget is available from our Sales teams and House Managers at all new developments
Many of our homeowners are pleased to find that the service charges for their apartment tend to work out at less than what they were paying in like-for-like costs at their previous property.
Energy bills often turn out to be lower thanks to the modern construction methods we use at all our developments. Your new apartment is also likely to be a more manageable size and so cheaper to run.
When Customers discuss the purchase of a McCarthy Stone apartment with us, they receive a service charge leaflet and our Sales Executive sits down with them to help them fill in the costs, review what is covered in the management services and compare them to day-to-day running costs in their current home. Our Sales Executive ensures that they have a detailed knowledge of ongoing costs before a sale is completed
Ground Rents are fixed for 15 years. They are reviewed on the fifteenth anniversary of the date of commencement of the term and each successive fifteenth anniversary from that date. Increases are linked to either the movement in the Retail Price Index (RPI) since the last review, or if greater, by 2% per annum, and is compounded yearly.
There are differences between one and two bed apartments. McCarthy Stone sets the difference at a figure which it considers fairly reflects the size difference in apartments. While it would be possible to base the difference on actual square footage, this would be a complicated exercise and would lead to minor variations in ground rents between comparable apartments within any given development which would be administratively complex and could cause confusion.
The ground rent does not increase after the 125th anniversary even though our new leases are for a term of 999 years.
In January 2021, the Government announced plans for removing ground rents for all new retirement properties. These proposals have not become law and the Government is not proposing to make them retrospective. As these are proposals there will be no immediate change to how we sell our apartments, but this may change in the future.
The service charge budgets represent those costs that would be expected to be incurred in a normal year of operation with a full development. It is the intention of McCarthy & Stone Management Services to ensure the service charge budgets are set as accurately as possible. Where possible, we try to keep annual increases in line with inflation although certain costs such as Utilities can have inflationary pressures that are outside of our control. Typically, our developments have shown a slight surplus to date, which is refunded each year to homeowners within six months of the end of the period.
It is important that customers do not face any unexpected financial burdens in their new home resulting from, for example, the need to undertake any major refurbishment or structural repairs on the development. In order to provide confidence that there is enough money available to meet this work, the service charge includes a small charge to help cover unexpected costs such as these. This is called the Contingency Fund, and is similar to a 'sinking fund'. It is a specific fund kept in the development's own bank account. It is held in trust and its use is restricted to the maintenance of that development and cannot be accessed by McCarthy Stone. It is there for the benefit of all homeowners and finances the replacement of carpets and furniture in the shared areas and longer-term repairs and renewals such as roofs, window frames and replacement of lifts.
In order to keep this weekly cost – and hence the service charge – to a minimum, the development's specific Contingency Fund is 'topped up' by a one-off charge of 1% of the resale price upon the sale of the apartment, in addition to a small charge in the service charge.
With regard to subletting on leases prior to October 2014, we will charge a concessionary rate (irrespective of the provisions in the lease, which may be higher) of one month's rent for each year that the apartment is sublet (or pro-rata for less than a year).
This is a concession from the terms of the lease which are in essence one month's rent for each six month sublet period. This concession will apply for a maximum period of two years, after which time we will revert to the terms of the lease.
For leases from October 2014, the subletting contingency fee has been reduced to a contingency fee of 1% of the annual rent (or pro-rata for under-letting of less than one year). Where the underletting is for more than a year, the contingency fee is 1% of the annual rent payable annually on the anniversary of the commencement of the term.
There is also a small administration fee collected by MSMS / YLMS to cover their costs to check that the incoming occupier meets the terms of the deed of conditions (i.e. meets the age criteria and is capable of leading an independent life) and provide information about the development, the service charge and insurance. Contact our Property Transfer team on 01202 508299 for more details.
Estimated total Service Charge and Ground Rent Charge per week:
Service Charge £39.39 £59.08
Ground Rent £8.13 £9.46
Total £47.52 £68.54
Living at The Close
Watch: Hear from the homeowners of The Close
Send me a brochure
Tell us how you would like to receive your brochure: by Post or PDF download.
The Close, Church Street, Nuneaton.
Call us now to book your appointment to attend our January Moving Solutions Open Day on Thursday 28th January, from 11am - 4pm. When you visit, our main priority is to ensure everyone stays safe - you, our homeowners and our colleagues. You will need to arrange an appointment in order for us to maintain social-distancing and a safe environment for all.
ownership types
Renting a retirement home is an easy, flexible and quick way to enjoy life in a McCarthy Stone community. While for some it's a chance to 'try before you buy', you'll benefit from long term security too. Did you know? Our retirement rental prices include service charge and ground rent. Find out more.
If you'd like to own your retirement property outright, we can make the move as stress-free as possible, including support with packing and removals. If you have a home to sell, we can even act as a cash buyer, so you'll avoid chains and estate agent fees.
Get the best of both worlds with Part buy, part rent. It's an affordable way to enjoy all the benefits of our retirement apartments without committing to the full purchase price. If you want more financial flexibility, it could be the right option for you. Find out more.
Living in Nuneaton
Nuneaton is a lively and vibrant town with plenty to see and do. The town centre itself is self- contained within the A444 ring road, and the McCarthy Stone development is located just beyond this, close enough to reach the centre within minutes, but separate enough to offer a peaceful retreat from the bustle of town. The town centre boasts extensive retail options, including Ropewalk Shopping Centre and Abbeygate Shopping Centre housing all the high street names, plenty of charity shops, and a Debenhams department store.
Bermuda Lake
Nuneaton market
River Anker
Riversley Park
Riversley Park Band Stand
Rope Walk Shopping Centre
Saint Nicholas Church
Residents will be spoilt for choice when it comes to dining, with a range of high-quality restaurants offering cuisines from around the world. Anthony's Café and Bistro is a popular haunt for a spot of lunch, a leisurely coffee or a decadent afternoon tea. Riversley Park on the banks of the River Anker is a pleasant place to take a stroll while the sun shines. Admire the formal park and band stand, relax by the water's edge, and even visit the Museum and Art Gallery located within the park, which is free to enter.
Nuneaton Library and Information Centre is close to the development, where residents will find a vast selection of books as well as various groups and activities, including Silver Surfers sessions. There's also a large Sainsbury supermarket for all your groceries and home essentials, while the train station is only half a mile away on foot, with regular services to the metropolis of Birmingham in just 28 minutes, and the historic town of Coventry in as little as 22.
Nuneaton Facts:
from Coventry
Church Street, Nuneaton, Warwickshire, CV11 4AU
Conveniently situated close to these local amenities:
Bus Stop 0.1 miles
Doctors 0.3 miles
Supermarket 0.1 miles
The development is in the heart of Nuneaton, meaning you'll never be short of things to do. Nuneaton Library is 0.1 miles from the development and there are two theatres under 0.5 miles away.
You will also find two shopping centres within 0.2 miles and many shops and cafés surrounding them. Plus, 0.4 miles away is Nuneaton Station where you can catch trains to Birmingham, London, Liverpool and beyond.
Our Sales Office is located at the following address: 7 Coventry Street, Nuneaton, CV11 5TD
Print a map
The Team at The Close
I love working for McCarthy and Stone because we aren't just selling bricks and mortar, we are selling a lifestyle. Seeing our Home Owners happily settled into their new home is a very rewarding feeling. McCarthy and Stone really care about their customers, and that is another reason why I love working for them.
Related Developments
Offers Too Good To Miss
Service Charge Paid
Right now we're offering to pay up to 100% of your service charge for up to 2 years on selected properties. This offer is for a limited time only, so call today for more information.
For more information, please call us today on 0800 201 4811.
View T&Cs
Find your happy place, with our two fantastic offers
If you decide to purchase your new home, you could save an average of £16,471 on your moving costs. That's because with our new Move for Free offer, we'll pay your estate agent, removals and legal fees* Combine this with the temporary holiday on Stamp Duty, LBTT and LTT† and it makes this the ideal time to move. *Ts&Cs apply.†The holiday applies to the first £500k of property sales in England and the first £250k of property sales in Scotland and Wales, from now until the 31st March 2021.
And if you would prefer to rent, we can either offer you one month's rent free or free removals** on selected properties. **Ts&Cs apply.
To find our more please call 0800 201 4811.
Please note that images are for illustrative purposes only. Images may include upgrades and optional extras which may be available for you to purchase at an additional cost. Please click here for further explanations. Floor plans and pricing are accurate at time of publication. Floor plans are for guidance purposes only and are subject to change. Prices may fluctuate depending on market conditions and availability.
We buy land
© McCarthy & Stone (Developments) Ltd
Marketing and analytics
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Soki.In - Villages in India
Find a Locality in India
Soro
Villages in Soro taluk, Baleshwar district
List of villages in Soro taluka or tehesil is listed below. Please click on a village link to view every detail of the village. Soro is under the Baleshwar district in the state of Odisha in India.
Antapur
Antapur Antapur is a Village in Soro Tehsil in Baleshwar District of Odisha State, India It is located 38 KM towards South from District head quarters Balasore 166 KM from State capital Bhubaneswar Antapur Pin code is 756046 and ...
Attapur
Attapur Attapur is a Village in Soro Tehsil in Baleshwar District of Odisha State, India It is located 41 KM towards west from District head quarters Balasore 9 KM from Soro 165 KM from State capital Bhubaneswar Attapur P...
Dahisade
Dahisade Dahisade is a Village in Soro Tehsil in Baleshwar District of Odisha State, India It is located 32 KM towards west from District head quarters Balasore 6 KM from Soro 172 KM from State capital Bhubaneswar Dahisad...
Gopinathpur
Gopinathpur Gopinathpur is a Village in Soro Tehsil in Baleshwar District of Odisha State, India It is located 38 KM towards South from District head quarters Balasore 166 KM from State capital Bhubaneswar Gopinathpur is surround...
Gud Gud is a Village in Soro Tehsil in Baleshwar District of Odisha State, India It is located 43 KM towards South from District head quarters Balasore 13 KM from Soro 162 KM from State capital Bhubaneswar Gud Pin code is...
Jadia
Jadia Jadia is a Village in Soro Tehsil in Baleshwar District of Odisha State, India It is located 38 KM towards South from District head quarters Balasore 166 KM from State capital Bhubaneswar Jadia is surrounded by Bahanaga Teh...
Kedarpur
Kedarpur Kedarpur is a Village in Soro Tehsil in Baleshwar District of Odisha State, India It is located 41 KM towards South from District head quarters Balasore 4 KM from Soro 163 KM from State capital Bhubaneswar Kedarp...
Madhusuidanpur
Madhusuidanpur Madhusuidanpur is a Village in Soro Tehsil in Baleshwar District of Odisha State, India It is located 38 KM towards South from District head quarters Balasore 166 KM from State capital Bhubaneswar Madhusuidanpur Pi...
Mahumuhan
Mahumuhan Mahumuhan is a Village in Soro Tehsil in Baleshwar District of Odisha State, India It is located 35 KM towards west from District head quarters Balasore 9 KM from Soro 171 KM from State capital Bhubaneswar Mahum...
Manatri
Manatri Manatri is a Village in Soro Tehsil in Baleshwar District of Odisha State, India It is located 38 KM towards South from District head quarters Balasore 166 KM from State capital Bhubaneswar Manatri is surrounded by Bahana...
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Q: WinCE and PC USB communication We are developing some device and we need to find good solution for one of needed functionality.
Thing is that we need communicate WinCE 6.0 (ARM) and Windows on PC.
Easiest way is of course COM port but in our case it is impossible (all serial ports are used on WinCE and we don't want to add one more).
Second option is LAN but for us it is not the best option for few reasons.
So there is third option we could use. USB to USB communication but how to do that ?
Of course WinCE is USB Device and PC is USB Host so all hardware basics are meet.
We could use Active sync but there are few problems with it:
- WinCE 6.0 is not working with WMDC (drivers on device just crash after connecting device with PC) and I didn't find any solution for it so in this case we need to use WinXP on PC side (old ActiveSync)
- we need to filter communication with active sync to only our application, no other non authorized software should be allowed (what I know this is imposible to obtain).
So propably best way to do what we need is to communicate throug USB like standard COM (serial communication).
The question is, how it could be made, are we need to write driver on WinCE and also a Driver on Windows (PC), or there are better solution? Maybe some driver for WinCE 6.0 that would emulate Virtual COM on PC side (and of course allow standard Read/Write to it on WinCE side) ? Could someone tell me if something like that exists ?

A: We probably found best solution for our problem. We use TCP/IP over ActiveSync (standard WinSock connection over USB). It is possible because ActiveSync provides an IP address for Host PC. It can be acquired trough something like that (on WinCE):
std::string lIPAddress = "ppp_peer";
struct hostent * lH = gethostbyname(lIPAddress.c_str());

DEBUGMSG(ZONE_ERROR, (TEXT("Addr: %S\r\n"), lH->h_addr_list[0])); // just a debug info
lServerAddress.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = *(u_long *)lH->h_addr_list[0];

Of course this is not full example, it's just a sample :)