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Rape at the UA
Sexual assaults on campus are common. Why are reports and prosecutions so rare?
By Vicki Hart
The names of rape victims in this story have been changed.
When Carolyn woke up, she felt, in her words, "really out of it."
She was alone in a bedroom, naked beneath a bedspread. She felt something sticky between her legs and pain in her vaginal area.
The UA student remembered being at a party and drinking--a lot. She remembered a guy on top of her; she remembered resisting. He was a guy she'd seen around, an athlete on a team. She only knew his first name. He had helped her to the bathroom when she was throwing up.
Carolyn quickly got out of the bed, collected her clothes and belongings, dressed and quietly left the house. She called a friend from her cell phone to pick her up.
But she never called the police. She never sought any counseling.
Carolyn is not the exception, but rather, the rule. Rape is a traumatic, life-altering event, but many victims, especially those of "acquaintance rape," choose not to report a rape or even seek help
Students at universities and colleges are at the highest risk for sexual assault, particularly acquaintance rape. A book by Robin Warshaw, I Never Called It Rape, cites a study of 6,000 college students at 32 colleges and universities. They reported:
· 1 in 4 college women has been a victim of rape or of an attempted rape.
· 84 percent knew their attacker.
· 42 percent told no one about the assault, and only 5 percent reported it to the police.
· 98 percent of rapes were men assaulting women.
· 75 percent of the men and at least 55 percent of the women involved in acquaintance rapes had been drinking and/or taking drugs before the attack. (Other statistics report this figure is closer to 90 percent.)
Most think of rape as an attack by a stranger. These kinds of attacks are more frequently reported to law enforcement. But the fact that most rapes are by someone the victim knows makes reporting very difficult. It often comes down to "he said, she said," with no witnesses and little evidence. Often, the victim is blamed by defense attorneys and accused of "making it up," although FBI statistics show that only 2-3 percent of rape reports are false.
It's pretty clear that most women don't report rapes at the University of Arizona. While the UA Police Department Web site reports five sexual assaults and three attempted sexual assaults during 2002, the on-campus Oasis Center for Sexual Assault and Relationship Violence received 29 reports of sexual abuse and 53 reports of sexual assault/rape over the same time period.
When asked about the discrepancy between UAPD and Oasis statistics, University of Arizona Police Department Chief Tony Dakin points out that UAPD takes reports of sexual crimes on the campus only from victims who wish to pursue criminal charges, while Oasis' statistics reflect rapes from anywhere and from any time.
Dakin says all reports of sexual crimes are "vigorously investigated" at the UA, and that acquaintance rape is taken seriously. As proof of his concern, Dakin offers a letter he wrote to the Arizona Daily Wildcat last August cautioning incoming students about the dangers of sexual assault and spelling out the consequences. He says he encourages anyone who believes they have been raped or anyone who has knowledge of a rape to report it to UAPD.
Dakin laments that there are limits to what the police can do. Police rely heavily on physical evidence, and when one party is claiming consensual sex, there often isn't enough evidence for prosecution.
"For many social reasons, women don't chose to report to law enforcement," says Dakin. "Some want the morning-after pill, an HIV test, a test for sexually transmitted diseases, a pregnancy test, and (then they) want to put the incident behind them."
Dakin hopes that if women choose not to report sexual crimes, that at least they will seek help from the Oasis Center, a free and confidential unit of the University of Arizona Student Health Services.
The Oasis Center guarantees confidentiality. The policy: "It is the right of a victim to determine if, how and where the incident is reported and how much information is to be released."
Oasis can provide crisis counseling, advocacy, telephone assistance, information on resources, and a review of legal, medical and counseling options. If a victim chooses to report the rape, the counselors will support the victim in their decision.
Irene Anderson, the director of the Oasis Center, blames the prevalence of acquaintance rape on the desensitization of society, combined with the normalization and tolerance of sexual violence. She says women may try to "deny, minimize and discount" what happened to them.
There are many barriers a victim must cross in order to report a rape, according to Anderson. To begin with, the victim must accept being a victim. Then, she must publicly hold the offender accountable and deal with all the ramifications that accompany that decision--including losing control over what happens as the case proceeds through the criminal justice system.
Given the uncertainties of that process, the victim may chose to perceive what happened as "a bad choice" rather than a crime, and to escape having to deal with being a victim.
This means the woman won't have to go through the unpleasant process of reporting and prosecuting a rape. But it also means the rapist goes unpunished.
SORORITIES ON THE UA campus say they are aware of the dangers of acquaintance rape. UA Junior Lauren Taylor Dean, president of the Panhellenic Council that serves as the governing body of all recognized sororities at the UA, knows women who have suffered the horrors of acquaintance rape.
"It is a goal of Panhellenic to make sure that university women have the information and the resources available to them to deal with situations like acquaintance rape," says Dean.
The Panhellenic Council helps finance the UA's Oasis Center, as well as a Health Advocate Training Program that trains women from each sorority to help with issues such as acquaintance rape.
Panhellenic used a grant to bring Andrea Cooper to speak to more than 600 UA students last September about acquaintance rape. She also spoke about the resulting depression that can follow an attack and ways to help someone who has been raped.
On New Year's Eve 1995, Cooper and her husband arrived home to find that their only child, Kristin, a beautiful, 20-year-old college student in a sorority with lots of friends and everything to live for, had shot herself.
After reading Kristin's journals and talking to her friends, the Coopers discovered that Kristin had been raped by someone she thought of as a friend, five months before she committed suicide. She chose not to go to police or her parents, apparently convinced they wouldn't believe her. Kristin told a few friends who tried to get her help, but she resisted.
From what the Coopers have been able to piece together, after talking to friends and reading Kristin's journal, Kristin told her boyfriend about the attack. He couldn't handle it and broke up with her, something Andrea Cooper refers to as "secondary wounding." The Coopers believe her rape and the "secondary wounding" caused Kristin to be deeply depressed--and ultimately, to take her own life.
Although the Coopers say they know who the rapist was, nothing could be done, because Kristin was dead.
Cooper, who has a master's degree in music, never imagined she would be spending 10-12 days a month on the road, speaking at colleges throughout the nation. But she is committed to doing whatever she can to prevent another young woman from committing suicide or another parent from having to go through what she and her husband have experienced. Tri Delta Sorority has sponsored Cooper, as she has spoken to thousands of students during the past six years.
"Colleges don't want to acknowledge acquaintance rape as a problem," says Cooper. "Colleges don't want to look bad."
She reminds colleges and universities of their obligation to help victims. She informs them about the laws that cover reporting crime, such as the Jeanne Cleary Act, a federal law requiring colleges and universities to disclose information about campus crime and security policies. (The law was named after Jeanne Cleary, a young woman raped and murdered by a fellow student in 1986 at Lehigh University.)
Her message to rape victims: "Get outside help." Cooper alerts students to watch for signs of depression in their friends and tells them how to help someone who has been raped. She also gives tips on prevention and how students can watch out for each other.
Cooper requires a counselor be present when she speaks at colleges; it's not unusual for young women to run crying from her speech. Cooper spends time after every speech listening to stories of acquaintance rape and referring young women to appropriate agencies for help. She also hands out a booklet, titled "What to Do If You Are Raped," and provides phone numbers for assistance.
"You can't treat victims like it's their fault," she says.
If a victim goes to a hospital or clinic, it is mandatory that medical personnel call law enforcement. While UAPD investigates about five cases a year that happen on campus, they work with other jurisdictions that investigate the majority of the student rape cases, which happen off-campus.
According to Tucson Police Department Sexual Assault Detective Robert Gamez, after receiving a rape referral, a detective will meet with a rape victim, often at a hospital or clinic. The detective will interview the victim and try to find out "what the dynamics are" and "the totality of the circumstances." The detective then decides if the charges made by the victim seem credible and rise to the level of prosecution.
If the detective decides there is enough evidence to go ahead with an investigation, the victim is subjected to an examination by a trained forensic medical examiner using a "rape kit" to gather evidence.
The exam is not pleasant; it takes an average of four hours.
County attorneys will then examine the evidence and decide whether to drop the case or prosecute, which involves taking the case to court or working to win a plea outside the courtroom.
"A high percentage of the cases that come across my desk do not rise to the level of prosecution," says Gamez. He says the reasons vary; often, the rape is reported weeks or months later, with no witnesses and no evidence.
"Sometimes it is a misunderstanding between two people," says Gamez. In one case, a young woman willingly engaged in petting and fondling and agreed to "anything but actual sex." The young man proceeded to have anal sex with her. Gamez says the young man claimed he thought she only meant no vaginal sex.
Gamez says in acquaintance rape, there is often a lot of alcohol involved, which makes things murky.
Even if an investigation is not initiated, a written report is made and filed. No matter what the outcome, Gamez says, the victims are often "humiliated, feel victimized and anguished." He always refers them to counseling.
ONE VICTIM, ANOTHER university student we'll call Claire, did report her attack and felt further traumatized by that decision.
Claire's rapist was a friend of a friend. He had been pursuing her, but she wasn't interested. At a party, he pulled her into a bedroom and raped her repeatedly. He also beat her and pulled out her hair. When she tried to cry out, he forced her face into the bed. He rambled about why she hadn't agreed to a date and terrorized her. A friend finally came looking for her, and he let her go.
She didn't tell anyone, raced home to shower and left town. A couple of days later, she was experiencing pain and bleeding, and a friend insisted on taking her to a clinic.
By law, the clinic had to report the attack. Claire was further traumatized by a police interrogation, a lengthy, painful exam and a photo-taking session of her injuries. Afterward, she was told that the evidence was not good enough to go forward with an investigation.
Justice only took place when an organization the young man belonged to kicked him out after investigating the matter. Meanwhile, the attacker has tried to contact Claire.
She is suffering insomnia, fear of retaliation and continued pain.
SHOULD AN acquaintance rape actually reach the point of prosecution, the Pima County Attorney's Office would be the prosecuting agency.
Kathleen Mayer, supervisor of the Special Victims Unit of the Pima County Attorney's Office, has been prosecuting sexual assault cases for 17 years. Mayer said she can explain why many women chose not to report an acquaintance rape in two words: "Kobe Bryant."
The Los Angeles Lakers basketball player is accused of raping a young woman in a Colorado hotel room.
Mayer says that what the victim in the Bryant case has already had to endure is unconscionable. She believes the message is clear: "If you report a rape, you are inherently disbelieved."
Mayer notes that the media doesn't call her a "victim" or even an "alleged victim"; they consistently call her "Kobe Bryant's accuser." Pamela Mackey, Bryant's defense attorney, said at Bryant's preliminary hearing that the victim "is not worthy of your belief."
Mayer says out that there is no other crime in which the victim is often blamed for the crime. Mayer says it still surprises her that people hold on to the belief that "good girls don't get raped." Mayer believes Bryant's case, along with sexual assault cases at the Air Force Academy, show how men who find themselves in a position of privilege and entitlement and somehow fail to learn to respect women.
According to a study by the Interagency Council, there were more than 1,700 reported sexual assaults against minors and adults in the Tucson metropolitan area in 2002. Although she doesn't have the exact figures, Mayer estimates that the Pima County Attorney's Office probably takes no more than a dozen rape cases to trial every year. Mayer believes the office "pleads out," i.e. arranges plea bargains, for another 50-60 cases a year.
Mayer understands how difficult it is for sexual assault victims to take their cases to trial; it's difficult for the same reasons she believes so many women don't report. The victims can become the suspects, with many believing that they somehow seduced their rapist or asked for it by virtue of bad choices in what they wore, how much they drank, what party they attended, or by engaging in some form of mutual affection before saying "no."
Pleading out a case can hold the perpetrator responsible while sparing the victim the trauma of the courtroom.
While Kathleen Mayer prosecutes sexual assault cases, Joann Scammon has spent four years as a trial advocate for sexual assault victims in the Pima County Victim Witness Program. Scammon also brings up the Bryant case as an example why sexual assault victims won't report. She calls it "narcissistic entitlement"--a term applied to athletes, politicians, celebrities or people who simply believe they are entitled to what they want, including the woman of their choice, whether she agrees or not.
She says she has seen first-hand how victims of narcissists and others are treated in court.
"With the exception of the very elderly, the victim is every bit as much on trial as the defendant," says Scammon. "Jurors are very judgmental, especially the women jurors. They want to see Mother Teresa or June Cleaver up there on the stand, not some attractive, young person with any hint of sexuality."
Scammon tries to prepare victims for court, where they must re-live and recount what was most likely the most horrible experience of their entire life--all in front of family, friends, jurors, courtroom employees and other strangers.
Scammon encourages victims to dress conservatively, wear long sleeves and skirts of modest length, with no navel showing and no piercings. She encourages them avoid eye contact with jurors and to not act defiant or, for that matter, anything but demure. She reminds them that jurors carefully watch facial expressions, attire and body language. She also warns victims that even with rape shield laws in place in Arizona, a victim may have her life history brought up, including drug offenses, mental health issues and past sexual experiences.
THOSE WHO WORK WITH RAPE victims in the community want to make sure that all victims of sexual assault are aware there is help. Bridget Riceci, president and CEO of the Southern Arizona Center Against Sexual Assault, says she wants victims to know there is support.
"First and foremost, we believe you; it's not your fault; you are not alone; and we will help you," says Riceci.
SACASA is the largest provider of sexual assault services in Arizona. The group partners with 13 law enforcement agencies, crime labs, hospitals, the Pima County Attorney's Office, the UA and other agencies to provide services around the clock every day of the year. Although the overwhelming majority of rape case involve men raping women, SACASA provides extensive services to all survivors of sexual assault, including men, people with disabilities, gays, lesbians, bisexuals and transgendered people, as well as their families and significant others.
SACASA's crisis line is available 24 hours a day. They provide outpatient mental health services and community outreach and education.
Riceci, like Mayer and Scammon, brings up the Kobe Bryant case as an example of why women hesitate to report sexual assault.
"A myth still exists by some in society that many women who report rape are 'crying wolf,' and particularly in cases where the perpetrator is a celebrity, are out for fame and fortune," Riceci wrote in a recent guest opinion in a local newspaper. "It takes an extraordinary amount of courage, determination strength and support for a person who has experienced sexual assault to come forward, make a report and proceed through the criminal justice system."
The aftermath of sexual assault can be devastating. Rape Trauma Syndrome is a recognized response to being raped: It may include sleeplessness, nightmares, reliving the rape, phobias, depression, guilt, fear, sexual dysfunction, anger and any number of other problems.
In the final analysis, it does not matter what a victim was wearing, where a victim was or how much a victim drank; the victim did not ask for it," or deserve it. There is not any one way or normal way that any victim should have reacted during the rape or after. And "no" at any point in a sexual encounter still means "no."
Riceci quotes from SACASA's brochure, "If two people have sex and one doesn't give consent (either explicitly or implicitly), that's rape. And rape is a crime."
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34:41: Is China deliberately exporting its model of censorship to governments and countries throughout the world? What of the future of domestic surveillance in China? Who is discussing the ethical and legal implications of artificial intelligence being brought into everyday life and society, and where? Samm attended a Track 2 dialogue between Berkeley Law and Beijing University Law and discusses the conversations in the academic world regarding algorithmic bias, and contesting decisions made by artificial intelligence here.


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Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2011 Sep;18(9):1519-23. doi: 10.1128/CVI.05053-11. Epub 2011 Aug 3.
Reduced antibody responses to the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 vaccine after recent seasonal influenza vaccination.
Choi YS1, Baek YH, Kang W, Nam SJ, Lee J, You S, Chang DY, Youn JC, Choi YK, Shin EC.
Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, 335 Gwahangno, Daejeon, Republic of Korea 305-701.
The vaccination program against the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus (2009 H1N1) provided a unique opportunity to determine if immune responses to the 2009 H1N1 vaccine were affected by a recent, prior vaccination against seasonal influenza virus. In the present study, we studied the immune responses to the 2009 H1N1 vaccine in subjects who either received the seasonal influenza virus vaccination within the prior 3 months or did not. Following 2009 H1N1 vaccination, subjects previously given a seasonal influenza virus vaccination exhibited significantly lower antibody responses, as determined by hemagglutination inhibition assay, than subjects who had not received the seasonal influenza virus vaccination. This result is compatible with the phenomenon of "original antigenic sin," by which previous influenza virus vaccination hampers induction of immunity against a new variant. Our finding should be taken into account for future vaccination programs against pandemic influenza virus outbreaks.
10.1128/CVI.05053-11
Ab responses to the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus vaccine in groups with (vaccine group) or without (nonvaccine group) a recent history of the seasonal influenza virus vaccination. (A and B) Baseline GMTs to 2009 H1N1 (A) and proportions of subjects with Ab titers of ≥1:40 (B) were determined prior to the 2009 H1N1 vaccination by HI assay and compared between vaccine and nonvaccine groups. (C) Baseline GMTs to seasonal H1N1 were determined prior to the 2009 H1N1 vaccination by HI assay and compared between vaccine and nonvaccine groups. (D) Proportions of subjects with seroconversion or a ≥4-fold increase in Ab titer to 2009 H1N1 were compared between vaccine and nonvaccine groups. (E and F) Proportions of subjects with seroconversion or a ≥4-fold increase in Ab titer to 2009 H1N1 (E) and a fold increase in Ab titer to 2009 H1N1 (F) were compared between groups with high (≥1:40) and low (<1:40) Ab titers to seasonal H1N1. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. ns, not significant.
Reduced Antibody Responses to the Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Vaccine after Recent Seasonal Influenza Vaccination
Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2011 Sep;18(9):1519-1523.
Effect of preexisting T cell responses to seasonal H1N1 virus on the Ab responses to the 2009 H1N1 vaccine. (A and B) Proportions of subjects with seroconversion or a ≥4-fold increase in Ab titer to 2009 H1N1 (A) and a fold increase in Ab titer to 2009 H1N1 (B) were compared between groups with or without preexisting T cell responses to seasonal H1N1 particles, as measured by IFN-γ ELISpot assay. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. ns, not significant.
Multivariable logistic regression analysis. Multivariable logistic analysis was performed to identify contributing factors which affect the Ab response to the 2009 H1N1 vaccine. One subject was excluded from this analysis since T cell response data were not available (n = 61 subjects) (see Table S1 in the supplemental material). A recent history of the seasonal influenza vaccination and preexisiting Ab response to 2009 H1N1 negatively influenced the efficacy of the 2009 H1N1 vaccine with statistical significance. Shown are the adjusted odds ratios, with bars indicating the 95% confidence intervals. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. ns, not significant.
Antibodies, Viral/blood*
Antibody Formation
Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology*
Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/immunology
Influenza B virus/immunology
Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage
Influenza Vaccines/immunology*
Influenza, Human/immunology*
Influenza, Human/prevention & control
Pandemics*
Seasons*
Antibodies, Viral
Influenza Vaccines
Flu - MedlinePlus Health Information
H1N1 Flu (Swine Flu) - MedlinePlus Health Information
Flu Shot - MedlinePlus Health Information

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: How do I update the slide master from Slideshow Mode and refresh current slide using VBA? I'm trying to have a counter in all slides of a powerpoint presentation.
The counter needs be controlled by a button in all slides that increases it.
I can do it for one specific slide, but when I do it with a slide master it doesn't refresh the screen during Slideshow mode. I have to exit slideshow and enter again to see the changes.
Code that doesn't refresh in Slideshow mode:
ctr = ctr + 1
ActivePresentation.Designs(1).SlideMaster.Shapes("Counter").TextFrame2.TextRange.Text = ctr

Code that works (but only applies to one slide, not all slides in presentation):
ctr = ctr + 1
ActivePresentation.Slides(1).Shapes("Counter").TextFrame2.TextRange.Text = ctr

Thanks!

A: If your second method works, why not loop it?
Dim sld as Slide

ctr = ctr + 1
For Each sld in ActivePresentation.Slides
    sld.Shapes("Counter").TextFrame2.TextRange.Text = ctr
Next

NB: This will error on any slide which doesn't contain a shape named "Counter", and you will need to add logic to handle that condition, if it exists in your Presentation.

Bookmark this link, it's the PPT Object Model Reference which, while laborious to peruse, will explain just about anything you need.
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/office/ff743835(v=office.14).aspx
The hardest part (as a beginner) is knowing what questions to ask, and while the Object Model doesn't help you with that immediately, the more you browse it and search it, the more familiar you'll become with the different objects at your disposal, and what you can do with each of them.
If you're new to VBA entirely, also bookmark this list of VBA Statements. This has examples & definitions for all of the control flow & logic statements you might use in putting some code together.
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/office/jj692812(v=office.15).aspx
This answer talks about how to run a macro automatically when changing slides, we'll use that approach for your problem. You'll use the OnSlideShowPageChange event because that's an auto macro and doesn't require the more complicated Application Class event handler.
How to run a macro "OnEnterSlide" or "OnLeaveSlide" in Powerpoint VBA?
Implementing this is actually a moderately complicated problem and moreso for someone who is not familiar with VBA or PowerPoint's object model.
Now, you've mentioned a number of things which either are simply not true, or at the very least it is not intuitive or obvious why these must be true, when presented with alternatives:

For that to work I would have to use a macro to add the shape to each slide individually. But then if I wanted to change the size of the shape I have to use code for that too. Not very elegant...would rather force the refresh somehow and use a master slide for the shape

(Note that the scope of your initial problem keeps increasing and becoming more complex).

The reason is to make it easier to change the shape without using code and creating the shape in all the slides.

Sometimes this is the easiest or best way to do things, sometimes it's not. I am in no position to evaluate this with regards to your specific requirements, because you've given only 2 lines of code to examine, but from my vantage point, it seems you are hesitant to write more code because you simply don't know how.
I'm sorry but your deadline is not my problem, and I've spent a generous amount of time on this answer which I hope will at least point you in the right direction.

A: This is a different approach, you may consider.
Add a button named Sh1, Sh2 in slide 2, Sh3 in slide 3 etc.
and attach all this shapes to the below code
For ctr = 1 To 3
If ActivePresentation.Slides(ctr).Shapes("sh" & ctr).TextFrame2.TextRange.Text = ctr Then
ActivePresentation.SlideShowWindow.View.Next
End If
Exit Sub
Next
End Sub

This would check the current slide with the counter, if matches, moves next else exits.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Nixon Motor Sports: TRACK ATTACK!
Coming up this Labor Day weekend, the NMS Abarth will be heading out to Moyock NC with the Tidewater Sports Car Club for their Fall Track Attack. What is a Fall Track Attack? Does anyone really fall down? Is there a real attack? Is it on a track? Hey, America needs to know!
This will not be a regular autocross, and it's not a race on a track, so let's say it's one driver at a time tries to drive a lap of a track as fast as they can. OK, it's not quite a full lap either, but it will have a mix of left and right turns on a mostly level course, so it's not a NASCAR oval! Most of the cars that have entered this event look to have more power than the mighty 160HP of the Abarth, so I'll predict that I will have one of the slowest times, but I'll also predict that I'll have about the most fun driving the course too.
We have about 50 drivers entered, so each driver will get several runs in the morning, and then several more in the afternoon to see who can get the one fastest lap. Right now there is a 100% chance of rain, so this looks like it will be a wet one thanks to the storm heading our way from the south.
Besides this fun event, this weekend will also include the Formula 1 race from Monza in Italy, so all the Italian car fans, Ferrari fans, FIAT fans, etc will be cheering for the Scuderia Ferrari to maybe have a good race at home on Sunday. At least the two Ferrari drivers could try and not crash into each other like last Sunday in Belgium! That would help!
Here in the US we won't be crashing into anyone at the Track Attack.


text:
Horticulture Training Program
The Conservation Horticulture Training Program gives students hands-on experience and exposure to a variety of professions in the field of conservation horticulture.
by Katherine Poole | photography by Smith Hardy
"As we bring subject matter experts in agriculture, ecology, and environmental science to the table, it will expose the kids coming to the Teen Center to opportunities for growth. I think that is going to be a lifetime transformation."
—George Jones, Senior Conservation Manager, Triangle Land Conservancy
Alice Hinman sees the future of urban planning, and she's already begun recruiting the workforce. "The future of landscaping will be focusing on conservation horticulture—landscapes that actually contribute and provide ecological services rather than just look pretty," she says. She says she also believes that with the right training and exposure, communities in need of job opportunities could be a part of this future.
Hinman should know. As the founder of Apiopolis, an urban bee sanctuary in Raleigh, she is a pioneer in reimagining urban landscapes in Wake County. To that end, Hinman developed the Conservation Horticulture Training Program. The program is in partnership with the Wake Boys and Girls Club Teen Center, the Triangle Land Conservancy, Sarah P. Duke Gardens, and the NC Botanical Garden. The semester-long, certified course launched in September and is for teens aged 13-18. The group meets once a week at the Raleigh Boys and Girls Club Teen Center. It is designed to give students hands-on experience, skills, knowledge, and exposure to a variety of professions in the field of conservation horticulture. Chris Burwell, High School Programs Director at the Teen Center, says he's excited about "the opportunities and doors that it opens up to our teens. Some may be encouraged to start a career in horticulture or decide to start growing their own food."
Community experts in the green industry present a new module each week that include topics such as soil health, biodiversity, greenhouse management, vegetative propagation, and landscape design. Hinman says she called in all of her favors and the list of guest speakers shows it: George Jones, Senior Conservation Manager, Triangle Land Conservancy; Jesse Crouch, Alliance Medical Ministry, Garden and Wellness Coordinator; Aaron Scheduler, Grounds Manager, Meredith College; Kofi Boone, Associate Professor of Landscape Architecture at NC State; and Brian Starkey, Founder OBS Landscape Architects.
Highlights of the program include field trips to horticultural hot spots like JC Raulston Arboretum and Triangle Land Conservancy's Walnut Hill Preserve, where students will participate in experiential learning activities. Students will also take part in a pop-up installation. They will design, plan, and install a garden in a high profile, public location in Raleigh. Plans are still in the works, but Hinman anticipates it will give the students and program public recognition.
The program is still in its fledgling stage, but enthusiasm is high. Burwell says that the teens that participate love it and the upside is that they are "finally starting to pay attention to the Club's greenhouse." Hinman thinks of the program as an incubator. If it takes off with the kids, she hopes to take the model and offer the course to others groups in the community.
Community gardens givers kids
VIDEO: A Documentary About the Walnut Creek Wetland Center
Exploring the Walnut Creek Wetland Center


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text:
Q: When I do a POST, the data is not saved in MongoDB, only _ID is saved I wanted to save data in MongoDB.  I use an open schema (no restrictions). If I do a POST request, only _ID is saved. I get no errors, but the data which I am passing is ignored.
I am new to mongoose. I read docs but could not pinpoint where I am making a mistake.
my Schema:
var Schema = mongoose.Schema;
var product = new Schema({any: {}});
var Product = mongoose.model('Product',product)

my POST request:
app.post('/input',function(request,response) {
    var product = new Product(request.body);
    product.save(function(err,saved) {
        if (err) {
            response.send({error:"could not save"});
        } else  {
            response.send(saved);
        }
    })
})

What is getting save in MongoDB:
{
    "_id": "5ca8c6ada7827b6f64c603bf",
    "__v": 0
}

My input:
{
    "name":"xmen",
    "age":25
}

Please let me know if any other details are required.

A: You're passing request.body to your constructor.request.body in your code is an object with 2 propreties : name: "xmen" and age: 25.
However your Schema contains only one proprety: any: {} ({} means you accept any data type).
when you pass request.body to var product = new Product(request.body); you're passing an object with 2 propreties to a constructor that expects an object with one proprety named any, so when the constructor doesn't find it returns an object with only an _id.
if you provide :
  { any:"xmen"}

or
  {
    any: {
      "name":"xmen",
      "age":25
    }
  }

you'll get the expected results.

A: You're experiencing this because your Mongoose schema is not aware of the properties it should store in the document.
You used any as a key in your schema definition, which I assume you did because you followed the SchemaTypes section in the documentation.
any does not mean any property is acceptable. It means that Mongoose is looking for a value with the key of "any", literally. If your request body does not contain such key (and it does not, as it only contains name and age), it will not be picked up when you save the new object.
What you are experiencing is the expected behaviour of Mongoose.
Defining the schema
MongoDB is flexible in its document structures. However, when you define a new schema you must also define all possible properties and their types (you can also use {} as a type to support any type - although it is not recommended).
You can define your schema like this:
{
    name: String,
    age: Number
}

This means that when you call .save() for your new object, Mongoose will pick only the specified properties in the schema (as well as _id and __v, which exist in any schema by default).

Read more about Mongoose Schemas here.

A: *

*Basically, If you try to check and console log your req.body or request.body then you may get undefined. So, you need to check if you have written this in file or not.
app.use(express.json())
this is defining your data as json data.

*This second check is also related to first one, as make sure you have selected JSON as your Body type while making POST request using tools like postman etc.

Both of these worked in my case :)


How to Estimate Cost per Foot for Vinyl Fencing - Hoover Fence Co.
You should not exceed 6 ft. spacing between railing posts, as that can make using The most expensive materials are AZEC PVC ($4850+) and Cedar/Redwood Across the US, the average deck cost per square foot ranges from $20 to 40.
White Vinyl Traditional Rail Kit is a vinyl railing that features aluminum reinforced vinyl rails. Price. $63.97. $89.97. $113.45. $119.00/piece. Name, 6 ft. x 36 in.


text:
<?php

namespace Cyvelnet\Laravel5Fractal\Commands;

use Illuminate\Support\Arr;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputArgument;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputOption;

abstract class Command extends \Illuminate\Console\Command
{
    /**
     * get application path.
     *
     * @param $path
     *
     * @return string
     */
    protected function appPath($path)
    {
        return base_path('/app/'.$path);
    }

    /**
     * @return array
     */
    protected function getArguments()
    {
        return [
            ['name', InputArgument::REQUIRED, 'Name of the transformer class'],
        ];
    }

    /**
     * @return array
     */
    protected function getOptions()
    {
        return [
            [
                'directory',
                'd',
                InputOption::VALUE_OPTIONAL,
                'transformer store directory (relative to App\)',
                null,
            ],
            [
                'namespace',
                'ns',
                InputOption::VALUE_OPTIONAL,
                'transformer namespace',
                null,
            ],
            [
                'model',
                'm',
                InputOption::VALUE_OPTIONAL,
                'model to get dump to transformer class',
                null,
            ],
        ];
    }

    /**
     * @param $class
     * @param $namespace
     * @param $storePath
     *
     * @return array
     */
    protected function getTransformerProperties($class, $namespace, $storePath)
    {

        // check if class contains additional level
        if (strpos($class, '/') !== false) {
            $additionalLevel = substr($class, 0, strrpos($class, '/'));

            $class = basename($class);

            $namespace = rtrim(str_replace('/', '\\', $namespace."\\{$additionalLevel}"), '\\');

            $storePath = str_replace('//', '/', rtrim($storePath, '/')."/{$additionalLevel}");
        }

        return [
            $class,
            $namespace,
            $storePath,
        ];
    }

    /**
     * @param $class
     *
     * @return array
     */
    protected function getModelColumns($class)
    {
        $attributes = [];

        $classNamespace = $this->getModelNamespace($class);

        if ($class) {
            if (class_exists($classNamespace)) {
                $model = new \ReflectionClass($classNamespace);

                if ($model->isSubclassOf('Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model')) {
                    $mdl = $this->app->make($classNamespace);
                    $table = $mdl->getTable();

                    if (is_array($table)) {
                        $table = array_first($table);
                    }

                    $table = $mdl->getConnection()->getTablePrefix().$table;
                    $schema = $mdl->getConnection()->getDoctrineSchemaManager($table);

                    $database = null;
                    if (strpos($table, '.')) {
                        list($database, $table) = explode('.', $table);
                    }

                    $columns = Arr::except($schema->listTableColumns($table, $database), $mdl->getHidden());

                    foreach ($columns as $column) {
                        if ($column->getType() instanceof \Doctrine\DBAL\Types\JsonArrayType) {
                            continue;
                        }

                        $castTo = $this->getCasting($column->getType());

                        $attributes[] = ['column' => $column->getName(), 'casts' => $castTo];
                    }

                    return $attributes;
                }
            } else {
                $this->error("Your model {$class} was not found in {$this->config->get('fractal.model_namespace')}\\ \r\nIf this is the first time you get this message, try to update /config/fractal.php to make changes to model_namespace accordingly.");
                exit();
            }
        }

        // use as a default attribute
        return [
            ['column' => 'id', 'casts' => null],
        ];
    }

    /**
     * get value cast type.
     *
     * @param $type
     *
     * @return null|string
     */
    protected function getCasting($type)
    {
        if ($type instanceof \Doctrine\DBAL\Types\DecimalType or $type instanceof
            \Doctrine\DBAL\Types\FloatType
        ) {
            return 'double';
        } else {
            if ($type instanceof \Doctrine\DBAL\Types\IntegerType or $type instanceof \Doctrine\DBAL\Types\BigIntType or $type instanceof
                \Doctrine\DBAL\Types\SmallIntType
            ) {
                return 'int';
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * get model namespace from a class name.
     *
     * @param $class
     *
     * @return string
     */
    protected function getModelNamespace($class)
    {
        $namespace = $this->config->get('fractal.model_namespace');

        return "\\{$namespace}\\{$class}";
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
By Sarah Ford, Marketing Director, America's Charities on March 18, 2020
Nonprofits are the backbone of our communities – some more visible than others in their impact and the needs they meet. While COVID-19, otherwise known as the coronavirus, is affecting everyone, nonprofits are particularly feeling the pinch as they simultaneously adjust their work environments and policies to ensure the safety and well-being of their staff and volunteers, and demand for their programs and services surges beyond the scale their networks are prepared to handle. The cancelation of fundraising galas and partner development conferences further exacerbates the situation and strains their finances, capacity, and resources. The long-term impact to nonprofits' bottom-line will affect the capacity of many nonprofits to serve their constituents in the months, and possibly years, to come.
To shed light on the important ways nonprofits are supporting our communities during this health and economic crisis, and to underscore how people across the country are being impacted in ways big and small, America's Charities, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit celebrating its 40th anniversary this year working at the nexus of employers, charities, and employee donor giving and engagement, reached out to its community of 120+ nonprofit members for insights. If you don't see the nonprofit you love listed here, click here to search our full member list.
Below are just a handful of challenges America's Charities' high-impact, pre-vetted nonprofit members are facing. Our hope is that this article will bring light to the critical role nonprofits fill in this country; help individual donors identify and support nonprofits supporting coronavirus efforts; and encourage cross-sector collaboration to ensure these nonprofits have the necessary resources, capacity, and support to continue providing help throughout this pandemic and beyond.
When you're ready to give to these (or other) nonprofits, visit our Coronavirus Resource Center to learn why workplace giving is the most efficient and effective method to support them.
- Demand for Food and Basic Essentials Rapidly Increases While Support from Donations, Volunteers, and Government Diminishes
School closures, job disruptions, lack of paid sick leave, and the health threat's disproportionate impact on the elderly and low-income families are only a few aspects of this evolving crisis. As food banks are already seeing a decrease in retail donations, unique product distribution challenges, declining volunteer groups, and increased product demand for vulnerable populations, Feeding America has launched a COVID-19 Response Fund.
"We have seeded the fund with $2.65 million and plan to meet member's needs and the creation and distribution of staged food boxes in the most vulnerable areas of our country. With the help of our supporters and partners, we are leading a conversation on how to address immediate and long-term needs as well as mitigate the impact on our nation's most at-risk populations," shared Teresa Gruber, Director, Employee Engagement, Feeding America.
The most vulnerable among us rely on school meals and feeding programs to survive. Those living paycheck-to-paycheck may not have savings or support systems to help. Feed the Children, which works to alleviate childhood hunger, told us that the coronavirus has already impacted the National School Lunch Program, which typically supplies close to 29 million free or reduced lunches. These meals are a critical lifeline. As school doors close across the country, vital essentials need to reach food-insecure families as soon as possible. As Feed the Children CEO Travis Arnold stated, "Please know that your donation may be the lifeline for a struggling family or child who lives in your community. That's why every donation matters so much."
Diane Clifford, Managing Director, Constituency Development at No Kid Hungry, which focuses on policies and programs necessary to end childhood hunger, stated, "We are working to ensure that school administrators and program operators have the information they need on how to keep meal programs running. This post from our Center for Best Practices provides guidance on proactive actions schools can take to meet the nutritional needs of students during school closures related to COVID-19. We have sent it to many schools, state agencies, and community organizations, but we want as many leaders to have this info as possible."
Nonprofits like Miriam's Kitchen, whose mission is to end chronic homelessness in Washington, D.C., rely heavily on volunteers and in-kind donations. In the past 37 years, Miriam's Kitchen has never closed its doors. The population vulnerable to COVID-19—older individuals with complicating health factors—is the very population Miriam's Kitchen serves, so continuing their services is more important than ever. While making the difficult decision to temporarily suspend their volunteer program, Miriam's Kitchen staff from various departments will fill in to ensure meal services and streamlined case management continue. They are asking for donations to their Miriam's Kitchen's Emergency Flex Fund to help them ramp up and sustain efforts in response to COVID-19.
Virginia-based Lorton Community Action Center (LCAC) is operating as usual, but taking extra precautions to keep its clients, volunteers, and staff safe. Clients visiting the food pantry have been offered additional, non-perishable food, and two weeks ago each family received Clean Start kits (hygiene and cleaning items). Additionally, LCAC is providing extra kids packs with additional non-perishable goods (Ramen, Easy Mac, etc…) in the weeks ahead to meet the needs of neighborhood children and teens. Just this past week, a father who frequents LCAC told the nonprofit, "thank you for making sure our kids have what they need."
The team at Operation Warm, which provides kids with coats and so much more, told us, "This is our outreach time via conferences and we are no longer traveling as conferences are being canceled. So, opportunities to develop new partnerships are hindered. It is too early to have a handle on the impact this will have on corporate giving, but we already know there will be more families in need in the fall and demand for our coats will likely go up, as it did in 2008-2011."
- Health, Safety, and Lifelines are at Stake – for People and Pets
Even larger organizations like the Red Cross are feeling the blow, with the Food and Drug Administration urging healthy individuals to donate blood as American Red Cross blood drives are being canceled nationwide. Ivana Krejci, Development Operations Specialist for the American Red Cross of Central & South Texas Region shared, "To meet the constant demand for lifesaving blood, the Red Cross must collect about 13,000 blood donations and more than 2,500 platelet donations every day.
"Through Monday, March 16, we have seen over 2,700 Red Cross blood drives canceled nationwide due to coronavirus concerns, resulting in about 86,000 fewer blood donations," shared Emily Schricker, Grant Specialist with American Red Cross Eastern Pennsylvania. "As more schools and businesses close their doors, this number will only continue to grow. This blood shortage could impact patients who need surgery, victims of car accidents and other emergencies, or patients suffering from cancer. One of the most important things you can do to ensure we don't have another health care crisis on top of the Coronavirus is to give blood."
Believe In Tomorrow Children's House at Johns Hopkins, which serves pediatric patients and their families who travel from throughout the U.S. and the world as their child receives treatment for a life-threatening illness at the Johns Hopkins Children's Center, is simply overwhelmed with the demands of responding to this health crisis. With eight facilities that serve immune-suppressed pediatric patients, they have had to make major policy and procedural changes within each of their facilities.
Brian Morrison, President, CEO, and Founder of The Believe In Tomorrow Children's Foundation stated, "We have had to stop virtually all volunteer services and activities as we greatly restrict the number of people who can enter the Children's House at Johns Hopkins, which is located on the grounds of the Johns Hopkins Hospital. We are working to completely overhaul our family food service program at the Children's House at Johns Hopkins, which provides breakfast and dinners to an average of 60 guests daily. Our food program has relied heavily on volunteers coming into the facility to help prepare and serve meals, and we are now switching to meals that are prepared off-premises in restaurants and delivered daily. We are also now purchasing and asking for donations of high quality frozen meals in bulk. Additional cleaning and housekeeping staff are being hired to disinfect surface areas on a continuous rotation throughout the day. Similar precautions and procedures are being implemented in each of our pediatric respite facilities. We are asking for additional funding to support our families, who are often far from home, and due to their child's illness cannot leave the hospital area. Gift cards to give to families and contributions to support our programs are greatly appreciated. We are preparing for a two to three month period of major instability."
Humans aren't the only ones being impacted by the coronavirus. Best Friends Animal Sanctuary made a historic decision this week to close its sanctuary to visitors for the first time in its 36 years of operation. Their Lifesaving Centers throughout the nation are also closing to the public over the next week in an effort to remain conscientious in their attempts to limit and protect their partners, volunteers, and employees from any potential exposure to the illness.
"This will have an incredible impact on national lifesaving efforts as adoptions will slow down but intake will remain steady or potentially even increase," stated Jane Jetabut, Corporate Engagement Specialist, Best Friends Animal Society. "At this time, we are urgently in need of fosters. As many folks will now be working from home, now is a great time to make an incredible lifesaving contribution by providing a short term foster space for a shelter pet."
While protective measures like social distancing and self-quarantine of infected/potentially infected individuals are inconvenient for everyone, for victims of domestic violence, they can become life-threatening. Danger inside of the home can increase along with the risks posed by the virus pandemic. When abusers have expanded access to their families, such as during the holidays, reports of domestic violence increase. Additionally, when law enforcement and medical services are forced to focus elsewhere, support services can begin to break down. According to Axios, the number of domestic violence cases reported to police in Hubei province, China nearly tripled in February after quarantine for coronavirus.
For those already experiencing domestic violence, the pandemic will add anxiety and challenges that come with having to ensure childcare, maintain employment and nutrition for their family, and access healthcare. The loss of work and income caused by coronavirus can mean the difference between safety and independence and life with an abuser.
"PCADV is monitoring the COVID-19 pandemic closely and is providing daily guidance to its network of local domestic violence programs across the Commonwealth," said Susan Higginbotham, CEO, PCADV. Adding, "Our programs will continue providing direct services, and we are collectively making every effort possible to ensure minimal disruption in services."
Shelter space is a concern. In Pennsylvania alone, PCADV's domestic violence programs average more than 6,500 unmet requests for housing each year—and that's when residents are not facing a pandemic. In response to COVID-19, if needed, and when possible, programs will use hoteling and other alternative housing models.
Making Urgent Information and News about the Coronavirus Accessible to the Deaf Community
A far overlooked issue is the dissemination of information about the coronavirus itself. Much of the information shared by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) have been in complex college-level English text form. Such information is not accessible to many people in the U.S., particularly those whose primary or only language is another language, as well as those who comprehend plain English rather than complex English.
Many within the deaf community use American Sign Language (ASL) as their primary or only language. Yet, the CDC and HHS do not include any videos in ASL that explain the same urgent and critical information shared with everyone else in complex English.
Howard A. Rosenblum, Esq., Chief Executive Officer & Director of Legal Services at the National Association of the Deaf (NAD) stated, "Despite our strenuous efforts in urging both the CDC and HHS to disseminate information in ASL, they have repeatedly told us "it is coming," yet the crisis is at critical levels and many places are closing. It's not okay to share ASL information a month after everyone else has information. This is not acceptable and it is also illegal under federal disability rights laws."
Moreover, Rosenblum shares, "We [NAD] have been expending time and effort to ensure that state and local governments hold accessible press conferences that advise their local populations on what to do during the epidemic. Too often, such press conferences are not accessible. Some are captioned, which is good but is not accessible for those who only understand ASL. We urge all such press conferences across the country to have both captioning and ASL interpretation. Nothing less."
- Keeping Educational and Arts Programs for People with Disabilities and Underserved Populations Operational
While some nonprofits have made the tough choice to cancel or suspend their own programs, having that choice has not been the case for all. Susan Slattery, Director of Outreach at Art Spark Texas, which provides programs supporting people with disabilities – including veterans and wounded warriors – shared, "There is a general feeling of uncertainty because, in many cases, we are not the ones who made the decisions to close. Property owners and program partners are also facing the same dilemmas, and we have to work together for the common good. Not only does this affect the people we serve, who already experience social isolation, it affects our funding streams and impacts staff and family members. We will have to look at ways to streamline programs and services into the unforeseeable future, but are pleased at the outpouring of support we have received from our current funders."
Generation Hope, which describes its work as a "two-generation solution to poverty," works with teen parents in college and their little ones. Between college campus and school closures, admission to physical and mental healthcare facilities, and access to food, Generation Hope's team and case managers are working to ensure the support and services they provide continue without interruption – moving some of their programming to virtual delivery where possible. Generation Hope asks people to sign up to tutor remotely, mail laptops and Wi-Fi hotspot equipment to their office (located at 415 Michigan Ave, NE, Suite 430, Washington, DC 20017), donate to their Scholar Emergency Fund, and help with general operating support.
The National Capital Area Council Boy Scouts of America's (NCAC) first priority is the health and safety of its staff, volunteers, and Scouts, and their moral responsibility to follow guidelines for social distancing to help stop the spread of this disease. While much is still unknown about how dramatically they will be affected by the coronavirus, they have currently canceled all programs, events, and camps until at least April 30. In addition to technology and resource deficits, this disruption will result in lost revenue. A donation of $240 can help NCAC cover the cost of programs for one Scout whose family has been economically challenged by COVID-19.
As is the case with many other nonprofits we've heard from, Thurgood Marshall College Fund (TMCF), whose programs and scholarships are life-changing for students—many who are low-income and first-generation college students—is having to postpone and cancel critical fundraising events that support TMCF's overall mission. Not only does TMCF provide unparalleled access to a funnel of opportunities for students to journey to college, through college, and into a career, but TMCF also serves as an essential pipeline, providing corporations with critical exposure to diverse talent. Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) have long been overlooked as major corporations build their university relations plans largely with predominately white institutions. The programming TMCF offers allows senior leaders, hiring managers, and other corporate stakeholders to engage with the talent they would not normally engage with cost-efficiently, proving to corporate leaders that HBCUs provide a rich and viable pipeline of diverse talent. This process of exposing the value of HBCUs is central to the mission of TMCF and critical to their ability to deepen current funding resources and attracting new ones.
The Need for Sustainable Nonprofit Funding
The event of America's Charities' 40th anniversary has given us an opportunity to pause and reflect on philanthropy. In all our time supporting nonprofits and businesses and advancing the greater good, we have never seen the social impact community face a crisis quite like this one. While the full scale of the coronavirus toll has yet to be seen, one thing is crystal clear: nonprofits all across the U.S. are playing an absolutely vital role in addressing and mitigating the impact the coronavirus will have on communities across our nation and filling the void made by the lack of government resources.
We know, too, that when a group of social changemakers comes together, wondrous things happen. Since the start of the pandemic, businesses have been looking inward as they evaluate their workplace policies and figure out how best to ensure the safety of their employees while keeping their operations running. Many are beginning to look outward to identify the ways their business and employees can help nonprofits and people in the community. The benefits of workplace giving are more poignant than ever. While we may not be able to interact as we once did, workplace giving becomes an avenue for donors to help, with just a few clicks of a button. Just as we have seen in the case of natural disasters, we expect to see a surge in employers using their workplace giving programs as an outlet for their employees to safely donate to nonprofits with coronavirus initiatives. We are proud to support businesses and their employees in that endeavor, just as we are honored to serve the more than 120 nonprofits that comprise our membership.
As an extra step to support coronavirus response efforts, we are launching the America's Charities Coronavirus Response Fund as a way for donors and businesses to provide short and long-term support with a single donation. Visit www.charities.org/coronavirus for details.
The coronavirus has already reached its long tentacles into our community. From how we work, to how our children are educated, to how we interact and support each other, to how we advocate for the health and safety of ourselves and our loved ones, we know it's a stressful time right now. America's Charities will be with you every step of the way, providing you resources during this fluid time. On our website, we have compiled all of the coronavirus resources and information we can, from this article and elsewhere. We encourage the public to continue visiting this page as we will keep it updated while the pandemic progresses and new needs emerge.
Thank you for all that you do. Stay safe.


text:
Written by David Kepley, FACS Secretary, May 2021.
On March 23, the National Capital Presbytery (NCP) voted to divest its holdings in fossil fuel companies. The vote was 82%-18%. The NCP includes about 110 churches in the greater Washington, DC area with over 30,000 members. FACS Board member David Kepley was one of the leaders of this effort, which has been about 18 months in the making. The practical effect of this action will cause the divestment of over $500,000 of funds from the securities of fossil fuel companies.
The proponents of divestment cited two main reasons for this action: moral and financial.
Morally, the presbytery should not be profiting off that which harms others. The human impacts of our continued use of fossil fuels is disastrous for the poorest, most vulnerable members of our human family, the ones Jesus called "the least of these." The American Lung Association estimates that more than 150 million people live in areas where the air quality puts their health at risk.
The companies that profit from despoiling the earth and endangering its inhabitants are also guilty of undermining and falsifying the overwhelming scientific evidence of climate change. This hinders our ability to adopt policies that help us mitigate global climate disaster.
Financially, it might have been true once that fossil fuel securities were a good investment, but that is no longer the case. For example, ExxonMobil was recently taken out of the S&P 500.
To be a prophetic voice in our community and to profit from better investments, the NCP has divested.
Want to learn more? Two youth from the presbytery interviewed David Kepley and Mark Eakin about their roles in the divestment process. Read the interview.
Want to learn more about how to be a personal investor who invests your values? A member of the National Capital Presbytery Earth Care Network, Kent Myers, offers his investment advice.


text:
Q: Limit induction proof I need help to verify the following
Prove that if does not equal 0
lim of x approaches a: x^-n = a^-n
I know to prove lim of x approaches a: x^n = a^n requires induction so I believe that this problem requires the same.
lim of x approaches a: [f(x)]^-n ... = k^-n
inductive step
lim of x approaches a: [f(x)]^-n-1 * lim of x approaches a: [f(x)] =
k^-n-1*k = k
Does this prove the question?

A: If the statement is known to you with positive exponents (as you say), then you can prove the statement for negative ones by using that the function $x\mapsto\dfrac1x$ is continuous.


text:
Ocwen Financial Takes an Earnings Hit, but Stays Upbeat
By Dan Caplinger Fool.com
Image: Ocwen Financial.
The housing boom in the 2000s taught investors about the mortgage market, with lenders profiting from transaction-based revenue, and often selling mortgages they originated in the secondary market. In the end, though, someone has to collect the payments on those mortgages, and Ocwen Financial has made it its business to service mortgages.
These mortgage-servicing rights are a valuable asset, but coming into Thursday afternoon's second-quarter financial report, Ocwen faced considerable uncertainty due to regulatory scrutiny and changing conditions in the market. Ocwen's results included weaker earnings than expected, but the company remains confident about the steps it has taken to turn its business around. Let's take a closer look at Ocwen Financial's latest results to find out what might be ahead for the mortgage servicer.
Ocwen sees its financials shrinkAt a glance, Ocwen Financial's second-quarter results look troubling. Revenue fell 16%, to $463 million, just barely meeting investor expectations for the decline. The real disappointment came on the bottom line, where Ocwen posted net income of just $10 million, down by 85% from last year's net income. That worked out to $0.08 per share, which was less than half the consensus forecast for Ocwen's earnings for the quarter.
A closer look at Ocwen Financial's numbers shows some of the headwinds that are buffeting the mortgage-servicing company. The total unpaid principal balance of loans serviced dropped by more than a quarter, to $321.7 billion. While that has the benefit of leaving Ocwen less exposed to the mortgage-servicing market, it nevertheless weighs on its opportunity to earn revenue. The bigger problem is that, even as revenue in the servicing segment has fallen, expenses have remained relatively constant, so pre-tax operating income for the segment got cut in half compared to the year-ago quarter.
By contrast, the lending side of the business fared quite well during the second quarter. Revenue rose, while expenses stayed relatively stable, and pre-tax income doubled from year-ago levels. Lending only brings in about a tenth of the revenue that the servicing business does, though, so its ability to boost Ocwen's overall numbers is limited.
CEO Ron Faris highlighted the progress that Ocwen has made in trying to recover from its woes of the past few years. "We continue to work closely with our regulators and monitors," Faris said, and "our efforts to build out a strong 'bank-like' risk and compliance infrastructure are taking hold." Faris also noted that the company's asset-sale strategy resulted in the sale of $3 billion of non-performing servicing assets, and the company cut its debt by about a quarter-billion dollars, and got strong support from the financing market for a refinancing operation during the quarter.
What's ahead for Ocwen?What's important for Ocwen Financial investors to understand is that the primary goal that the company needs to achieve right now is to satisfy its regulators by simplifying its operations. If that results in a somewhat smaller business overall, it should still be worth it if it results in the good favor of those who are overseeing the company.
Ocwen has also worked closely with its auditors to figure out whether harsh going-concern language is warranted in their opinion. The company remains hopeful that, regardless of the auditors' decision, it can continue to get the liquidity it needs to run its business successfully in the long run.
In that light, Ocwen's initiatives to do some cost-cutting are also welcome. The mortgage servicer said that it hopes to cut expenses by more than $150 million without sacrificing quality service to borrowers. Even as Ocwen aims to increase its origination volume capacity, the company also believes that it can reduce overhead, while still focusing on risk management, compliance, and developing high-quality business practices.
Ocwen investors weren't entirely sure how to react to the news, initially sending the stock higher immediately following the announcement, but then bidding shares downward by about 2% an hour-and-a-half into the after-market trading session. The stock has doubled from its lows just earlier this year, so some Ocwen shareholders might not want to risk any gains they might have. For longer-term investors though, Ocwen will need to work hard to recover what for many remains a loss of as much as 80% in just the past couple of years.
The article Ocwen Financial Takes an Earnings Hit, but Stays Upbeat originally appeared on Fool.com.
Dan Caplinger has no position in any stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool recommends Ocwen Financial. Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days. We Fools may not all hold the same opinions, but we all believe that considering a diverse range of insights makes us better investors. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.
Copyright 1995 - 2015 The Motley Fool, LLC. All rights reserved. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.


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Missouri & Illinois Personal Injury Attorneys
Call 24/7 800.391.4318
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Fiery Crash On Dan Ryan Expressway Leaves Ten Injured
By Meyerkord & Meyerkord, LLC
Almost a dozen people were injured in a three-car crash in Chicago's South Side early Tuesday. According to authorities, the multiple-vehicle crash occurred on the Dan Ryan Expressway around 12:35 a.m. The Illinois State Police report the cars collided in the northbound lanes of Interstate 94 near 93rd Street, causing a fiery scene.
State police say it is still under investigation as to what caused the crash, but ten people, including two children, were seriously hurt. The Chicago Fire Department officials said ten people were transported to local hospitals. Seven of those people were in critical condition, while three others are listed in fair condition.
According to an eyewitness, a driver tried to reverse after missing an exit on the expressway. As the driver was backing up, another northbound vehicle collided causing a fiery crash that included a third vehicle. Police had the northbound lane of the Dan Ryan closed for several hours. Residents nearby were drawn out of their homes to watch after hearing the loud wreck. A witness told police that a car was on fire, and many worked to put it out. Victims were scattered about, and the scene was awful, a witness told police.
Hundreds of thousands of people will be involved in traffic accidents this year alone. It only takes a split second for an auto accident to completely change the lives of all those involved. If you have been the victim of a negligent or distracted motorist, please seek legal support at Meyerkord and Meyerkord, LLC. Don't take your chances with the insurance company, contact us today for a free consultation.
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Sunday, December 22, we will have our annual Christmas program during the 11:00 a.m. Meeting for Worship. The children and youth of the Meeting will present "It Happened One Christmas Eve", a fictional account of how Mary and Joseph Goddard decided to build a new meetinghouse while walking home from a candlelight service. A special Christmas meal will follow the program. Please bring a dessert or salad to share. For families with children and youth, dress rehearsal will be at 9:30 a.m. prior to the program. All children and youth are invited to participate.


Featuring many members of the OoT Community and people from other randomizers, these races are a great showcase for the actionpacking randomizer that is ZOoTR!
For more information about the rulesets and setup instructions, check out the Randomizer Discord at https://discord.gg/5vF2zBJ.
To be able to supply all races with decent coverage, tracking and commentators, we are still looking for volunteers! If you are interested in helping with the races, please contact TreZc0_#7481 on Discord.


Discover trending Entertainment posts tagged with #JamesCorden hashtag.
The #JamesCorden hashtag is a topic or interest in entertainment channel. Sort #JamesCorden hashtag by Trending Today, Trending in 2019, and Latest.


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Full Statute Name: West's Nevada Revised Statutes Annotated. Title 45. Wildlife (Chapters 501-506). Chapter 504. Management and Propagation. Possession of Live Wildlife. 504.295. Prohibited acts; regulations; licenses; inapplicability to alternative livestock
Primary Citation: N. R. S. 504.295 Country of Origin: United States Last Checked: January, 2019 Alternate Citation: NV ST 504.295 Date Adopted: 1987
Under this Nevada statute, unless otherwise provided by statute no person may possess any live wildlife unless he is licensed by the division to do so, capture live wildlife in this state to stock a commercial or noncommercial wildlife facility, or possess or release from confinement any mammal for the purposes of hunting. However, the provisions of this section do not apply to alternative livestock and products made therefrom.
1. Except as otherwise provided in this section and NRS 503.590, or unless otherwise specified by a regulation adopted by the Commission, no person may:
(a) Possess any live wildlife unless he is licensed by the Department to do so.
(b) Capture live wildlife in this state to stock a commercial or noncommercial wildlife facility.
(c) Possess or release from confinement any mammal for the purposes of hunting.
2. The Commission shall adopt regulations for the possession of live wildlife. The regulations must set forth the species of wildlife which may be possessed and propagated, and provide for the inspection by the Department of any related facilities.
3. In accordance with the regulations of the Commission, the Department may issue commercial and noncommercial licenses for the possession of live wildlife upon receipt of the applicable fee.
4. The provisions of this section do not apply to alternative livestock and products made therefrom.
Added by Laws 1987, p. 563. Amended by Laws 1993, pp. 432, 1679; Laws 1995, p. 514; Laws 2003, c. 292, § 105, eff. July 1, 2003.


This natural Alaska gold nugget is shaped like an American Eagle. This is only the second natural gold nugget that I have found shaped like an American Eagle. It is super rare to find natural gold nuggets in such distinct shapes. This amazing Alaska gold nugget is 1/2" (13 mm) long. The weight is 16.9 Grains (1.09 Grams).


The figure shows a hemisphere of radius r and a cylinder of base radius and height r with an inverted cone of the same height and base radius removed. Drag the red point to see the cross-sections of the two solids at a height h.
(a) Express x and y in terms of r and h.
(b) Are the cross-sections equal in areas?
(c) Hence show that the volume of the sphere of radius r is 4/3 π r³.


Hate to do this again, and I know a sad story does not help the sale, it is what it is. A friend and coworker is dealing with the effects of ALS. Has made the tough choice that he will not be riding these toys anymore. He is fastidious about maint. and care taking, that I can vouch for.
2007 Kawasaki ZX-14R. 11,800 miles.
Fresh fluids, tires, spark plugs.
Always garaged. 1 adult owner.
Like new, comes with Shoei helmet, leather jacket.


The typical Houston ISD ESL Teacher salary is $50,123. ESL Teacher salaries at Houston ISD can range from $49,398 - $57,000. This estimate is based upon 12 Houston ISD ESL Teacher salary report(s) provided by employees or estimated based upon statistical methods. When factoring in bonuses and additional compensation, a ESL Teacher at Houston ISD can expect to make an average total pay of $50,827 . See all ESL Teacher salaries to learn how this stacks up in the market.
See all ESL Teacher Salaries.


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Tillandsia arroyoensis est une espèce de plantes de la famille des Bromeliaceae, endémique du Mexique.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Espèce d'Angiospermes (nom scientifique)
Flore endémique du Mexique
arroyoensis

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Designed by Botio Nikoltchev, Ropa Soft Pro is a sans serif and display sans font family. This typeface has thirty-two styles and was published by Lettersoup.
A thirty-two font family. This contains every font in the Ropa Soft Pro Family.


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Inconsistent Frames je třetí studiové album skupiny Notes From Prague. Deska vyšla 7 let od vydání předchozího alba Same Place. Na této nahrávce se skupina výrazně posunula k žánru alternativního hip hopu. Zároveň jde o první studiovou nahrávku této skupiny s kompletně živým obsazením a vokalistkou.

Vznik alba

Po desce Same Place se skupina rozšířila o bubeníka, kytaristu, baskytaristu a později zpěvačku. Kvůli časové vytíženosti Davida Chvátala se většina produkce přesunula na jeho bratra Michala. Během následujících tří let se ve skupině vystřídalo několik členů, mezi nimi i vokalistka Noemi. Ta se podílela společně s Antwim na textech a nahrála některé nové skladby. Původní verze dvou z nich, Chasing Space a Still On, se na albu objevily jako bonusové tracky. Roku 2009 Noemi NFP opouští a sestava se opět mění, což zpomaluje produkční proces a nahrávání alba. Po stabilizaci nahrálo uskupení mezi lety 2010–2011 skladby na finální verzi desky. Vedle Michala Chvátala a DJ Negativa se na produkci podílel i kytarista Lukáš Bartoš.

Zvuk

Oproti předešlým albům se výrazně změnil zvuk skupiny, která přešla k alternativnímu hip hopu s obsazením živých nástrojů.
V některých skladbách se objevují i prvky rapcore. Na desce se podílejí také saxofonista Matouš Kobylka a violoncellistka Terezie Kovalová. Všechny skladby jsou založeny na mixu elektronických podkladů s akustickým základem. Na rozdíl od předešlé desky zde nefigurují žádní hostující interpreti.

Název a obsah

Inconsistent Frames se dá volně přeložit jako "rozpadající se rámce". Název i textový obsah skladeb odkazuje na nestabilní situaci a vztahy uvnitř skupiny NFP. Témata se dotýkají také nesnází v hudebním průmyslu a životních změn členů od dob vydání desky Same Place.

Seznam skladeb (CD)

 Intro
 Lock It
 Anxious Player
 Balancing Options
 Can't Believe It
 Kick That
 React
 Run
 What!
 Fragments
 Suspicious Circumstances
 Real Vision
 Lines
 Still On & Chasing Space

Zajímavosti
Křest alba se uskutečnil 4. listopadu 2011 v experimentálním prostoru galerie Trafačka ve Vysočanech. Kmotry desky byli zpěvačka skupiny Toxique Klára Vytisková a rapper Ektor. Produkce musela být předčasně ukončena z důvodu zásahu policie kvůli rušení nočního klidu.

Externí odkazy
 http://www.nfp.phatbeatz.cz/notes-from-prague-inconsistent-frames
 https://web.archive.org/web/20120504002024/http://www.hip-hop.cz/interview/?rowid=3-otazky-pro-antwiho-z-notes-from-prague
 http://www.alltv.cz/rappovod/akce/notes-from-prague-pokrtili-nove-album/
 http://bandzone.cz/notesfromprague?at=info

Alba z roku 2011


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F.H. Buckley
How a Democratic House can help finish the Trump agenda
By F.H. Buckley
November 7, 2018 | 7:55pm | Updated November 7, 2018 | 10:14pm
Bill Clinton Getty Images
It's time for a federal civil rights intervention in Portland
How to stop the 'woke' social media censors
What Democrats have forgotten about citizenship
President Trump should thank the attorney general he forced out
'Reparations' is a recipe for strife, not justice
So what happens next? We have two recent models for what presidents do when they lose the Congress or a branch of it. One model was Barack Obama in 2010 and another was Bill Clinton in 1994. For President Trump, my recommendation is 1994 and triangulation.
The 2010 Tea Party election was a repudiation of Obama's overreach, of legislation Democrats passed without a single Republican vote.
A less arrogant president might have taken a lesson from this and reached out to the other side, but Obama didn't do any of that. He thought the arc of history bent his way, and said he had a pen and could rule by presidential diktat.
That was a big reason for the Republican victory in 2016, and it's not a model Trump should repeat.
Bill Clinton also overreached in his first term, but unlike Obama, he reached out to Republicans after the 1994 election. In his 1995 State of the Union Address, he told us "the era of big government is over."
He hired Dick Morris and proceeded to cut deals with the Newt Gingrich Republicans. That gave us highly successful welfare-reform and tax-cut legislation, and that's the kind of triangulation that Trump should pursue now.
That's what Trump said he wanted in his news conference Wednesday, and here's what it might mean.
There's a deal waiting to be made on tax reform, if Democrats are willing to make one. Trump wants a middle-class tax cut and said he's willing to make adjustments to get there. That shouldn't be hard for him.
It's no secret that he didn't get everything he wanted in the 2017 tax bill. He ran against loss carry-forwards and other perks for the uber-rich, but he didn't get them from a Republican Congress.
Maybe he'd do better with a Democratic House, and he might even be willing to trade off higher tax rates for people making more than $500,000 a year for a middle-class tax cut.
On immigration, most Americans would favor a deal with the following three elements: amnesty for the Dreamers, funding for a wall and fixing legal-immigration idiocies. Democrats in the past have signaled some support for the wall in return for help for the Dreamers.
But what about the crazy lottery for legal immigrants, or bringing in a greater proportion of legal immigrants based on their skills set? It's a $20 bill lying on the sidewalk, and Trump should ask the Democrats if they want to pick it up.
Trump ran against the swamp, but two years later it's as big as ever. Democrats want to claim the clean-government mantle, and Trump should work with them on lobbying reform.
Lobbyists donated $3.3 billion to campaign chests in 2012, more than all Super PAC and presidential campaign giving combined.
What that's given us is America's pay-for-play networks in which lobbyists and their clients are rewarded for their campaign contributions by government favors from public officials. And that weakens our economy.
Trump said he didn't want to just repeal ObamaCare. He wanted to repeal and replace it with something better. That was before he ran into Congressional Republican opposition, but maybe he'd fare better with Democrats in Congress.
Most voters want decent coverage for Americans with serious pre-existing conditions, and some Republican candidates were defeated yesterday because voters didn't think they supported this. That's another $20 bill on the sidewalk, just waiting to be picked up.
Those are deals to be made, and the question is whether Democrats in Congress will go along. If they do, they'll give voters a reason to re-elect both them and Trump in 2020.
If they don't — if they, say, rush to impeach instead — they'll prove that they're not to be taken seriously and will give voters a reason to re-elect Trump in 2020. For Trump, it's win-win.
Let's remember that Trump didn't run as a typical Republican right-winger in 2016. He won because he persuaded voters that he was middle-of-the-road on issues like Social Security and the welfare net.
If Trump triangulates in the manner I suggest, he'll be upsetting some right-wingers, but he'd be dancing with the ones what brung him.
One last suggestion. Trump needs a thicker skin. He should stop watching CNN and responding to the smears against him. Maybe he should stop watching Sean Hannity, too.
He doesn't need to be provoked by his enemies or egged on by his friends. He's above it all, and should act accordingly.
F.H. Buckley teaches at Scalia Law School. His most recent book is "The Republican Workers Party: How the Trump Victory Drove Everyone Crazy, and Why It Was Just What We Needed."
Filed under bill clinton , congress , donald trump , elections
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Puri: Servitors of Sri Jagannath Temple in Puri fixed a new Patitapabana flag atop the temple on Thursday morning after the old flag caught fire in lightening on Wednesday evening.
According to reports, the mast in which the flag was attached also caught fire in the lightning yesterday.
The rituals of the deities were performed on time as the other flags fixed atop the temple remained unaffected during the lighting, the sources added.
Meanwhile, the incident has hampered sentiments of lakhs of Jagannath devotees.


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The Front Porch Jamboree
Written by Breanna Bright
The little log building on Hwy OO in Fredericktown has sat quiet and empty for a long time, but recently the sound of music, and the pound of dancing feet can once again be heard, bringing life back into the old place.
Shannon Cox is the man behind this transformation. As a musician, Cox has a passion for music, something he wanted to share with his community. "In such a small town there's not a lot to do, I wanted to create something for families to enjoy." Cox felt it was important to have a place that was family friendly, since music was how he connects with his son, Ethan, who plays drums in their band.
The new establishment is called The Front Porch Jamboree. With it's log cabin aesthetic, and rustic interior the name suits it well. At The Front Porch Jamboree all are welcome to come inside, listen to live country music, enjoy some snacks, and even learn some line dancing. There is no drinking or smoking at the Jamboree, which makes it the perfect destination for kids and families.
Cox provides the music each Friday. A concrete truck driver by day, Cox becomes lead singer for The Black Diamond Band by night. Other members of the band include Butch Gillian, Josh Driskill, and Eric Thompson, who hail from all over the area, from Bonne Terre to Arcadia Valley. Once in awhile they even get some rhythm guitar from Madison County Sheriff Bobby Spain.
While the band plays locally all through the region Cox was inspired by live venues that he went to as a kid, to create a place of his own. "The building used to be called the Villa back in the 20s," Cox reflected, " When I was younger I had this seventy-year-old neighbor who had played the fiddle at the Villa, and he would tell me stories about it." Things have come full circle as a new generation takes on the musical need of the community, bringing entertainment and fun to the small town.
The Front Porch Jamboree is open each Friday, with live music 7:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m., and line dance lessons by Chris McCarver from 5:15 to 6:15 p.m. Anyone interested in performing at the Jamboree, or having The Black Diamond Band play at their venue can contact Shannon Cox at This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. or 573-561-4142. The Jamboree is located at 1377 Hwy OO Fredericktown, MO 63645. Keep track of upcoming events on their Facebook page.
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Rasor Optima 702 is a powerful hand held round knife cloth cutting machine fitted with 70mm (2.75") blade and carbide counter blade for scissor like precision cutting.
This versatile industrial cutting machine can be used to cut many different materials including hard materials.
The Optima 702 features a 150w high torque motor which is combined with a strengthened cutting body and utilizes a bronze/steel worn gear.
Rasor FP50 air powered cloth cutter available.


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Matthew Akerman | Home lift Sales Manager
Matt joined Gartec in 2002 and remains a pillar to Gartec's foundation, and where some come and some go, his outstanding performance over the years has helped ensure the continued growth of Gartec. Matt now manages the new Home Lift team, and is fantastic for advice and ideas.
Amanda Saint | Home Project Manager
Amanda has worked for Gartec for years and moved over to the new Gartec Home team as Project Engineer to offer a more refined service to the residential market. Amanda is a font of knowledge and is always happy to give help and advice.
Bill Cowan | Home Sales Manager
Bill joined the Gartec Home team recently, but has been in the lift industry for 20 years. Starting at Gimson Stairlifts, Bill introduced the first platform stair lift for commercial buildings into the UK, before heading over to Bison Bede, selling stair lifts in residential properties. He was tasked with developing the public access division after a few years, and from there worked for MBO Taurus, selling platform lifts, and as a self-employed consultant developing access solutions for disabled people. Bill brings a wealth of knowledge and experience, and is a fantastic source of information.


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Grafen von Kirchberg bezeichnet die folgenden Adelsgeschlechter:
 Burggrafen von Kirchberg, bei Jena in Thüringen ansässiges Adelsgeschlecht
 Grafen von Kirchberg (Hainleite), in Nordthüringen ansässiges Adelsgeschlecht
 Grafen von Kirchberg (Schwaben), schwäbisches Hochadelsgeschlecht


In-state students registering for general and guided electives do not need to complete the course registration form. Students can request advisor review through the "Advisor Review Form".
Students are responsible for knowing catalog requirements and preparing a degree plan with their advisor prior to enrollment beyond 12 semester hours credit.
All advising requires approval of the Advisor and Associate Dean (Master's Students). Upon review, changes and conditions may be specified by the Associate Dean, or Associate Director whenever needed according to the student's status, class enrollment limits, program conflicts, etc.
You must submit this form each semester you are planning to take courses. By submitting this form, your request will be sent to your advisor for review. Submitting this form early in the semester before you plan on taking courses is strongly encouraged. Please choose the semester and year for which you are seeking advising.