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Investing in Nature Through the Public Equity Markets
Businesses directly impact biodiversity through their operations and supply chains. According to the World Economic Forum, three socio-economic production and consumption systems — food, infrastructure, and energy — are responsible for the largest pressures on biodiversity. In fact, approximately 80% of threatened and near-threatened species are currently endangered by these three systems with the impacts from food, land, and ocean use posing by far the greatest biodiversity threat. Accordingly, those companies that recognize the biodiversity-related risks to their companies and our planet, and actively work to transform their business models to support the regeneration of nature, can provide compelling investment opportunities for capital market participants. Through investment in solution-oriented companies operating in these three socio-economic systems, investors can help transform individual industries, build a more robust global economy and, ultimately, ensure the vitality of our planet.
— From Investing in Nature Through the Public Equity Markets
Join them for a Deep Dive with Vicki Benjamin, Andrew Niebler and Robert Clapham, authors of the IE Magazine article Investing in Nature Through the Public Equity Markets.
About Their Deep Dives
Deep Dives are hour-long Zoom Meetings: Live Q&A Sessions (as opposed to their Zoom Webinars, where the audience is in View-Only Mode) between the author(s) or subjects of a Magazine article and their members. Be sure to read the article in question and come bearing questions!
Time: 12:00 – 1:00 PM
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Reducing GHG Emissions Through Meat Substitutes With Frances Gilman of Kraft Heinz Company
2021 proved to be the highest year of global meat consumption to date. This global trend is expected to continue, increasing GHG emissions from food production by 60% by 2050. As fertile soil, available water, and inhabitable land decline as the world's population continues to grow, agriculture will occupy half of the world's inhabitable land. Livestock agriculture makes up 77% of that land and accounts for 4% of the world's GHG emissions. Livestock pollution concerns merit the large-scale adoption of new alternatives to conventional meat production. Meat substitutes can produce almost 60% fewer GHG emissions, require 90% less land than conventional meat production, and consumer demand is increasing quickly. The global meat substitute market is projected to have a compound annual growth rate of 7.2% from 2021 to 2027. This webinar will discuss recent technology developments in alternative meat production and will feature industry expert Frances Gilman Ph.D and Principal Scientist at Kraft Foods, Kimberli Le Founder and CEO of PrimeRoots, and Boundless Senior Research Analyst, Fernanda Swinburn.
Time: 11:00 AM – 12:00 PM EST
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MDA recognized by Nasa for robotic servicing of International Space Station
March 16, 2017 by Abdul Montaqim
Artist's illustration of the robotic spacecraft which will float around in space, fixing satellites. Picture courtesy of SSL
MDA US Systems, a division of MDA managed by SSL, has been recognized by Nasa's Johnson Space Center for its "outstanding support" of a robotic upgrade to the International Space Station's power system which took place in January.
The MDA team based in Houston played a critical role in planning and validating the robotic maneuvering both before and during the mission.
Nasa JSC ground controllers used the 15-degrees-of-freedom Special Purpose Dextrous Manipulator (Dextre) arm to install six new 430-pound lithium-ion batteries in two power channel integrated electronics assembly pallets.
Dextre first removed 12 older and depleted 740-pound nickel-hydrogen batteries from the pallets, nine of which were put on the Japanese H-II Transfer Vehicle's external pallet to burn up on re-entry with it.
By using the Dextre robotic arm, only two astronaut extravehicular activities were required to replace the batteries instead of six extravehicular activities, which reduced the risk to the crew and freed up time for them to spend on important space science work.
During the mission, MDA's Houston staff supported several weeks of two-shift days. The mission's success was the culmination of years of planning and preparation, and included coordination with multiple engineering disciplines and international partners.
Rich White, senior vice president of government systems at SSL, says: "Our team was honored to be recognized by Nasa for its contribution to this mission.
"SSL and MDA have a long history of collaboration in robotics work for Nasa and we continue to work together to design innovative advanced robotic augmentation and servicing systems for future missions."
SSL and MDA have the ability to build on robotics technologies proven on the Space Shuttle, the International Space Station, and Mars landers and rovers.
The company is also working on a variety of next generation government missions, including the Restore-L mission for Nasa's Goddard Space Flight Center, which will demonstrate satellite servicing in Low Earth Orbit; Nasa's Discovery Mission to explore the metal asteroid called Psyche; and the Dragonfly program for Nasa and Darpa, which will demonstrate on orbit satellite assembly.
SSL also announced earlier this month that it was selected to partner with Darpa on the RSGS robotic servicing in Geosynchronous Orbit program.
Filed Under: News Tagged With: arm, dextre, mda, mission, missions, nasa, orbit, robotic, robotics, satellite, space, ssl


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Every great success story has the same denominator—individuals who strived for excellence even in the face of adversities, combining their talent with a clear vision, consistency, innovativeness and hard work, creates the foundations of great achievements. Successful entrepreneur, entertainment executive, and philanthropist Dani Stephenson ticks all of these boxes and has solidified his name as a leader in the music and entertainment industry for the past sixteen years, amassing countless awards and accolades.
Founded in 2009 by Dani Stephenson, Straight Forward Music Group, is a multi-award-winning group of companies, which consist of numerous divisions such as Straight Forward Music, a talent management and artist development company; Straight Forward Recordings, a record label, film
production and a recording studio chain; Straight Forward Publishing Group, a music and literature publishing company; Mugal Group, a 360 entertainment company that specializes in developing talent from Southeast Asia; Full Circle Art agency, which specializes in fine art, NFT creation, management and procurement and Straight Forward Giving, an educational organization that helps fund charity initiatives for underprivileged families, which is also in collaboration with the Prince's Trust Foundation.
Over the years, Dani has worked on many successful campaigns through his companies. Some of his award-winning and nominated work includes Big Sean's platinum single "Marvin & Chardonnay" featuring Kanye West and Roscoe Dash and chart-topping single MANN feat 50 cents "Buzzing" and MANN feat. T-Pain "Get it Girl" via Def Jam. He also worked as Global A&R for DJ Antoine's hit album "We Are the Party." The album topped the charts in Switzerland, #4 in Austria and #6 in Germany.
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In 2016 under Dani's management Nana Rogues went on to produce the x2 Platinum selling, Brit Award winning single for Tinie Tempah called "Girls Like" featuring Zara Larsson. The song reached Top #5 in the UK and Top #10 in the official charts across 18 countries worldwide selling over 3 million singles globally. The following year they landed two records on Drake's award winning album More Life, called Skepta Interlude featuring Skepta and worldwide hit single Passionfruit which has sold over 5 million singles to date while being voted the 28th most influential single in the world by Variety Magazine.
In 2018 Dani expanded his record label operations by signing an exclusive joint venture with Virgin EMI for his label Straight Forward Recordings where he was appointed as President of the fast-rising indie sub-label. Dani said he aims to fuse "the passion, ethics, hustle, and entrepreneurship of an indie, with the might of a major label to elevate artists globally". Later that year Dani and Nana's partnership elevated to new heights when he co-wrote on Drake's record breaking Grammy nominated single Don't Matter To Me featuring Michael Jackson which
destroyed the single-day streaming record on Apple Music and Spotify, with Drake's fifth Grammy nominated album "Scorpion" pulling in more than 170 million streams on Spotify, "Scorpion" pulled in over 132 million streams in its first 24 hours totalling over 302 Million streams, at the time it held both the US and global streaming record and became the largest single-day streaming total for any album on any streaming service. To top of an end to a very successful year he also produced "Good Bad" which featured on Ella Mai's Grammy nominated album called "Ella Mai".
In 2020 Dani signed the multi-Grammy award winning producer-engineer Shawn Source Jarrett, whose established himself as one of the top creatives in the world. Shawn continues he's successful streak with Megan Thee Stallion by landing many official chart topping hits like Megan's Grammy winning single Savage featuring Beyonce, Grammy nominated single Thot Shit, Body, Cardi B WAP and BTS "BUTTER" (Remix) featuring Megan Thee Stallion. In 2021 he achieved x4 Grammy nominations for his work on Megan Thee Stallion Thot Shit, Lil Nas X Montero, Nas King Disease 2 and Eric Bellinger New Light.
Furthermore, Dani recently consulted on the number #1 charting album by KSI called All Over The Place on the hit single called Number 2 which features rap sensations Future and 21 Savage, co-produced by Nana Rogues and Aaron Ferrucci. Nana also co-produced "We're All Alone" on Dave's number #1 chart topping album "We're All Alone In This Together" landing two number one albums two weeks running. Dani also represents teen sensation Celina Sharma, Harris J, Lil Bilz and Aaron Ferrucci.
Recently, the trailblazing entrepreneur stepped into the Marvel universe to create the title song called "Nach Mera Hero" (or "Dance My Hero" in English), for the much anticipated Marvel Studios blockbuster production "Eternals," a superhero film based on Marvel Comics. The movie follows the Eternals, an immortal alien race, emerging from hiding after thousands of years to protect Earth from its evil counterparts, the Deviants. The music for the blockbuster is performed by Mugal Group's rising star Celina Sharma and is the only original song featured in the Eternals film score and soundtrack.
Although now a multi-awarded music executive, Dani Stephenson's career as a creative began when he studied music production and artist development at Christ Church University and Technology, Music Law, Media and Publishing at Open College Network. Next, he got his internship placement at AHBS Community Radio, where he worked as an assistant audio producer for the Ashford Hospital radio shows. Then, to further expand his horizon and experience in the entertainment industry, he got a second placement at Asylum Special FX Studios, a special effects company that worked on several hit films and adverts like Honey I Shrunk the Kids. His time at the company laid bare the wealth of opportunities in film and television and paved the way for a long successful career in the entertainment industry.
Dani would also add internships at BBC World Service to his impressive resume. He worked as an assistant audio producer for the African and Asian news broadcasts and at BBC Radio in Bush House at the studio. As a
producer-songwriter, he was a key contributor for the Billboard Top #10 hit single "The Mack" featuring Mark Morrison & Fetty Wap. The single was a global hit and topped charts all over the globe raking in over 500 million streams and in excess of 2 million single sales worldwide. He also worked on Don Diablo's "Give It All" featuring Kelis and Alex Clare, Marc Anthony's "Esta Rico" featuring Will Smith and Bad Bunny, and many more. From then on, it was chart domination year after year. To learn more about this innovative individual, Dani Stephenson and his company Straight Forward Music Group, visit the company's website.
Five Customer Service Myths Every CEO Should Know
Better World Fund Partners With SHIBU to Further Its Humanitarian Movement
production and a recording studio chain; Straight Forward Publishing Group, a music and literature publishing company; Mugal Group, a 360 entertainment company that specializes in developing talent from Southeast Asia; Full Circle Art agency, which specializes in fine art, NFT creation, management and procurement and Straight Forward Giving, an educational organization that helps fund charity initiatives for underprivileged families, which is also in collaboration with the Prince's Trust Foundation.


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Li Bai (chino: 李白, pinyin: Lǐ Bái, Wade-Giles: Li Pai) (701-762) fue un poeta chino considerado el mayor poeta romántico de la dinastía Tang. El carácter 白, pronunciado bái en mandarín moderno, tenía en el pasado la pronunciación alternativa ''bó'', por lo cual su nombre se transcribía como '''Li Po''', según el sistema Wade-Giles de esta pronunciación obsoleta.

Reconocimiento

Conocido como el poeta inmortal, se encuentra entre los más respetados de la historia de la literatura china. En la actualidad se conservan aproximadamente novecientos de sus poemas, si bien la atribución de muchos de ellos es incierta, lo que hace que el recuento de sus obras varíe en función de las fuentes consultadas. En Occidente los trabajos de Li Bai se conocieron a través de traducciones muy liberales de versiones en japonés de sus poemas, realizadas por Ezra Pound, que admiraba a Li Bai por su capacidad visual y al que, de hecho, consideraba el mayor ejemplo de visualidad de la literatura japonesa. En español las versiones directas de sus poemas de Marcela de Juan son muy reconocidas.

Li Bai es conocido por su imaginación desbordante y por las imágenes taoístas vertidas en su poesía a la vez que por su gran afición a la bebida. Al igual que Du Fu, Li Bai pasó gran parte de su vida viajando, lo que pudo permitirse gracias a su relajada situación económica. Se dice que murió ahogado en el río Yangzi, tras caer de su bote al intentar abrazar el reflejo de la luna, estando bajo los efectos del alcohol.

Biografía
Li Bai o Li Po, contemporáneo de Wang Wei, se engendró a sí mismo. Su lugar de nacimiento es incierto, pero un candidato es Suiye en Asia Central (en las cercanías del actual Tokmak en Kirguistán). Cuando tenía solo cinco años de edad su familia se mudó a Jiangyou, cerca de la moderna Chengdu en la provincia de Sichuan. Fue influenciado por el pensamiento confuciano y taoísta, pero finalmente su herencia de familia no le permitió grandes oportunidades dentro de la aristocrática dinastía Tang. A pesar de haber expresado su deseo de convertirse en funcionario, no se presentó al examen de servicio civil chino. En cambio, a la edad de 25 años, se dedicó a viajar por China, desarrollando una personalidad salvaje y libre, muy al contrario de las ideas prevalecientes de un caballero confuciano correcto. Esta imagen fascinó tanto a los aristócratas como a la gente común y Li Bai fue finalmente presentado al emperador Xuan Zong en 742.

Le fue otorgado un cargo en la Academia Hanlin, que formaba a intelectuales expertos para la corte imperial. Li Bai permaneció durante menos de dos años como poeta al servicio del emperador, pues fue finalmente despedido por una indiscreción desconocida. En consecuencia vagó por China durante el resto su vida. Conoció a Du Fu en el otoño de 744 y lo volvió a encontrar el año siguiente. Estas fueron las únicas ocasiones en que se encontraron, pero su amistad siguió siendo muy importante para Du Fu (existen una docena de sus poemas hacia o acerca de Li Bai, mientras que hay solo uno de Li Bai a Du Fu). En el momento de la rebelión de An Lushan se involucró en una revuelta subsidiaria en contra del emperador, aunque no se conoce con seguridad en qué medida se trató de una acción voluntaria -Li Bai supo mantener una posición ambigua mediante la elaboración de poemas que no determinaban claramente su postura hacia los sublevados-. El fracaso de la rebelión tuvo como consecuencia su segundo exilio en Yelang. Fue absuelto antes de que terminara el tiempo de su destierro.

Primeros años
En 705, cuando Li Bai tenía cuatro años, su padre trasladó en secreto a su familia a Sichuan, cerca de Chengdu, donde el poeta pasó su infancia. Actualmente hay un monumento que conmemora esto en la ciudad de Zhongba, Jiangyou, provincia de Sichuan (el área de la provincia moderna que entonces se conocía como Shu, por un antiguo estado independiente que había sido anexado por la dinastía Sui y luego incorporado a las tierras de la dinastía Tang) . El joven Li pasó la mayor parte de sus años de crecimiento en Qinglian (青莲), una ciudad en el condado de Chang-ming, Sichuan, China que ahora se corresponde nominalmente con la ciudad de Qinglian (青蓮 鎮) en Sichuan.

El joven Li leyó mucho, incluidos los clásicos confucianos como el Clásico de la poesía y el Clásico de la historia, así como varios materiales astrológicos y metafísicos que los confucianos tendían a evitar. La lectura de los "Cien Autores" era parte de la tradición literaria familiar, y también pudo componer poesía antes de los diez años. El joven Li también se dedicó a otras actividades, como la domesticación de aves silvestres y la esgrima. También se dedicaba a montar a caballo, cazar, viajar y ayudar a los pobres u oprimidos con dinero y armas. Finalmente el joven Li parece haberse vuelto bastante hábil en el manejo de la espada; como esta cita autobiográfica del propio Li testifica y también ayuda a ilustrar la vida salvaje que llevó en el Sichuan de su juventud:

   "Cuando tenía quince años me gustaba el juego de la espada, y con ese arte desafié a bastantes grandes hombres".

Antes de cumplir los veinte, Li había luchado y matado a varios hombres, aparentemente por motivos de caballería, de acuerdo con la tradición de los caballeros andantes (youxia).

En 720, fue entrevistado por el gobernador Su Ting, quien lo consideró un genio. Aunque expresó el deseo de convertirse en funcionario, nunca hizo el examen de servicio civil.

Matrimonio y familia
Se sabe que Li se casó cuatro veces. Su primer matrimonio, en 727, en Anlu, Hubei, fue con la nieta de un exministro del gobierno. Su esposa era de la familia Wú (吳) bien conectada. Li Bai vivió durante unos diez años en una casa propiedad de la familia de su esposa en el monte Bishan (碧山). En 744 se casó por segunda vez en lo que ahora es el distrito Liangyuan de Henan. Este matrimonio fue con otra poetisa, de apellido Zong (宗), con quien tuvo hijos e intercambios de poemas, incluyendo muchas expresiones de amor hacia ella y sus hijos. Su esposa, Zong, era nieta de Zong Chuke (宗 楚客, murió en 710), un importante funcionario del gobierno durante la dinastía Tang y el período interregional de Wu Zetian.

De camino a Chang'an
A los veinticinco años, alrededor de 725, Li Bai dejó Sichuan navegando por el río Yangzi a través del lago Dongting hasta Nanjing, comenzando sus días de vagabundeo. Luego regresó río arriba, a Yunmeng, en lo que ahora es de Hubei, donde su matrimonio con la nieta de un primer ministro retirado, Xu Yushi, parece haber sido solo un breve interludio. Durante el primer año de su viaje conoció a celebridades y regaló gran parte de su riqueza a amigos necesitados.

En 730 Li Bai se quedó en la montaña Zhongnan, cerca de la capital, Chang'an (Xi'an), e intentó, pero no pudo, asegurarse una posición. Navegó por el río Amarillo, se detuvo en Luoyang y visitó Taiyuan antes de regresar a su casa. En 735 Li Bai estaba en Shanxi, donde intervino en un consejo de guerra contra Guo Ziyi, quien más tarde, después de convertirse en uno de los principales generales Tang, debía devolverle el favor durante los disturbios de An Shi. Hacia el año 740 se había mudado a Shandong, donde se convirtió en miembro del grupo conocido como los "Seis ociosos del arroyo de bambú", un grupo informal dedicado a la literatura y el vino. Deambuló por el área de Zhejiang y Jiangsu y finalmente se hizo amigo de un famoso sacerdote taoísta, Wu Yun. En 742 el Emperador convocó a Wu Yun para que asistiera a la corte imperial, donde este hizo un gran elogio de Li Bai.

En Chang'an
El elogio de Wu Yun a Li Bai llevó al emperador Xuanzong (nacido Li Longji y también conocido como emperador Minghuang) a convocar a Li a la corte en Chang'an. La personalidad de Li fascinaba tanto a los aristócratas como a la gente común, incluido otro taoísta y poeta, He Zhizhang, quien le otorgó el sobrenombre de "Inmortal exiliado del cielo". De hecho, después de una audiencia inicial en la que se interrogó a Li Bai sobre sus opiniones políticas, el Emperador quedó tan impresionado que celebró un gran banquete en su honor. En este banquete, se dijo que el Emperador le mostraba su favor, incluso hasta el punto de condimentar personalmente su sopa para él.

El emperador Xuanzong lo contrató como traductor, ya que Li Bai conocía al menos un idioma que no era chino. Ming Huang finalmente le dio un puesto en la Academia Hanlin, que sirvió para proporcionarle experiencia académica y poesía al Emperador.

Cuando el emperador ordenaba a Li Bai que fuera al palacio, este a menudo estaba borracho, pero era capaz de cantar sus poemas en los actos.

Li Bai escribió varios poemas sobre la hermosa amada del Emperador Yang Guifei, la consorte real favorita. Una historia, probablemente apócrifa, circula sobre Li Bai durante este período. Una vez, mientras estaba borracho, Li Bai se había ensuciado las botas, y se le pidió a Gao Lishi, el eunuco políticamente más poderoso del palacio, que le ayudara a quitarlas, frente al Emperador. A Gao le ofendió que le pidieran que realizara este servicio servil, y más tarde logró persuadir a Yang Guifei de que se sintiera ofendido por los poemas de Li sobre ella. Ante la persuasión de Yang Guifei y Gao Lishi, Xuanzong de mala gana, pero cortésmente, y con grandes obsequios de oro y plata, envió a Li Bai lejos de la corte real. Después de dejar la corte, Li Bai se convirtió formalmente en taoísta y se estableció en Shandong, pero siguió vagando por todas partes durante los siguientes diez años y escribiendo poemas.

Li Bai vivió y escribió poemas en Bishan (碧山), hoy Baizhao (白 兆 山)) en Yandian, Hubei. En el poema Pregunta y respuesta entre las montañas (山 中 问答 Shanzhong Wenda) se refiere a esta montaña.

Conocimiento de Du Fu
Más información: Du Fu

Conoció a Du Fu en el otoño de 744, cuando compartieron una habitación individual y varias actividades juntos, como viajes, caza, vino y poesía, y establecieron así una amistad cercana y duradera. Se volvieron a encontrar al año siguiente. Estas fueron las únicas ocasiones en las que se vieron en persona, aunque siguieron manteniendo relación a través de la poesía. Esto se refleja en la docena de poemas de Du Fu sobre Li Bai y el de Li Bai dirigido hacia Du Fu que se conservan.

Guerra y exilio

A finales de 755 los desórdenes instigados por el general rebelde An Lushan estallaron en todo el país. El emperador finalmente huyó a Sichuan y abdicó. Durante la confusión el príncipe heredero se declaró emperador y jefe del gobierno. Los disturbios de An Shi continuaron (así es como fueron llamados más tarde, ya que duraron más allá de la muerte de su instigador, continuados por Shi Siming y otros). Li Bai se convirtió en asesor personal del príncipe Yong, uno de los hijos de Ming Huang (emperador Xuanzong), que estaba lejos de estar en la parte superior de la lista de primogenitura, pero fue nombrado para compartir el poder imperial como general después de que Xuanzong abdicara en 756.

Sin embargo, incluso antes de que los enemigos externos del imperio fueran derrotados, los dos hermanos empezaron a luchar entre sí con sus ejércitos. Tras la derrota de las fuerzas del Príncipe por su hermano y nuevo emperador en 757, Li Bai escapó, pero más tarde fue capturado, encarcelado en Jiujiang y condenado a muerte. El famoso y poderoso general del ejército Guo Ziyi y otros intervinieron; Guo Ziyi era la misma persona a quien Li Bai había salvado de la corte marcial un par de décadas antes. Su esposa, la dama Zong, y otros (como Song Ruosi) escribieron peticiones de clemencia. Tras la oferta del general Guo Ziyi de cambiar su rango oficial por la vida de Li Bai, la sentencia de muerte de Li Bai fue conmutada por el exilio y fue consignado a Yelang. Yelang (en lo que ahora es Guizhou) estaba en el extremo suroeste remoto del imperio y se consideraba que estaba fuera de la esfera principal de la civilización y la cultura chinas. Li Bai se dirigió hacia Yelang sin darse mucha prisa, deteniéndose para visitas sociales prolongadas (a veces durante meses) y escribiendo poesía en el camino, dejando descripciones detalladas de su viaje para la posteridad. La notificación de un perdón imperial a Li Bai le llegó antes de que se acercara a Yelang. Solo había llegado hasta Wushan, cuando la noticia de su perdón lo alcanzó en 759.

Regreso y otros viajes

Cuando Li recibió la noticia de su indulto imperial, regresó río abajo hasta Jiangxi, pasando por Baidicheng, en la prefectura de Kuizhou, todavía dedicándose a los placeres de la comida, el vino, la buena compañía y escribiendo poesía; su poema "Partiendo de Baidi por la mañana" registra esta etapa de sus viajes, además de burlarse poéticamente de sus enemigos y detractores, implícita en su inclusión de la imaginería de los monos. Aunque Li no cesó en su estilo de vida errante, generalmente limitó sus viajes a Nanjing y las dos ciudades de Anhui, Xuancheng y Li Yang (en el moderno distrito de Zhao). Durante esta época compuso poemas sobre la naturaleza y de protesta sociopolítica. Finalmente, en 762, el pariente de Li, Li Yangbing, se convirtió en magistrado de Dangtu, y Li Bai fue a quedarse allí con él. Mientras tanto, Suzong y Xuanzong murieron en un corto período de tiempo y China tuvo un nuevo emperador. Además China participó en renovados esfuerzos para reprimir más desórdenes militares derivados de las rebeliones de Anshi, y Li se ofreció como voluntario para servir en el estado mayor del comandante chino Li Guangbi. Sin embargo, a los 61 años, Li enfermó gravemente y su salud no le permitió cumplir con este plan.

Muerte
Salón conmemorativo de Li Bai en Jiangyou, Sichuan

El nuevo Emperador Daizong nombró a Li Bai el Secretario de la oficina del Comandante de Izquierda en 762. Sin embargo, cuando el edicto imperial llegó a Dangtu, Anhui, Li Bai ya estaba muerto.

Li Bai murió en Dangtu, actual Anhui. Algunos eruditos creen que su muerte fue el resultado de un envenenamiento por mercurio después de un largo historial de consumo de elixires taoístas para la longevidad, mientras que otros creen que murió por sus excesos con el alcohol.

Existe una larga y a veces fantasiosa tradición con respecto a su muerte, de fuentes chinas inciertas, que Li Bai se ahogó después de caer de su bote un día que se había emborrachado mucho mientras trataba de abrazar el reflejo de la luna en el río Yangtze, algo creído por Herbert Giles. Sin embargo, la causa real parece haber sido bastante natural, aunque quizás esté relacionada con su estilo de vida duro. Sin embargo, la leyenda tiene su lugar en la cultura china.

Caligrafía

Li Bai también era un hábil calígrafo, aunque sólo existe una pieza de su trabajo de caligrafía con su propia letra que se conserva en la actualidad. La pieza se titula Shàng yáng tái (Subiendo al solárium), un pergamino de 38,1 por 28,5 centímetros de largo (con la adición posterior de un título escrito por el emperador Huizong de Song y una posdata añadida por el propio emperador Qianlong; la caligrafía se encuentra en el Museo del Palacio en Pekín, China.

Textos y ediciones
Incluso Li Bai y Du Fu, los dos poetas Tang más famosos y editados de forma más completa, se vieron afectados por la destrucción de las bibliotecas imperiales Tang y la pérdida de muchas colecciones privadas en los períodos de agitación (rebeliones de An Lushan y Huang Chao). Aunque muchos de los poemas de Li Bai han sobrevivido, se perdieron aún más y hay dificultades con respecto a los textos variantes. Uno de los primeros esfuerzos por editar el trabajo de Li Bai fue el de su pariente Li Yangbing, el magistrado de Dangtu, con quien permaneció en sus últimos años y a quien confió sus manuscritos. Sin embargo, los textos más fiables no se encuentran necesariamente en las primeras ediciones. Los eruditos de la dinastía Song produjeron varias ediciones de su poesía, pero no fue hasta la dinastía Qing que colecciones como Quan Tangshi (Poemas Tang completos) realizaron los estudios más completos de los textos que sobrevivieron en ese momento.

Temas
Los críticos se han centrado en el fuerte sentido de Li Bai de la continuidad de la tradición poética, su glorificación de las bebidas alcohólicas (y, de hecho, la celebración franca de la embriaguez), los extremos fantásticos de algunas de sus imágenes, su dominio de la poética formal, las reglas, y su habilidad para combinar todo esto con un virtuosismo aparentemente sin esfuerzo para producir una poesía inimitable. Otros temas de la poesía de Li son la simpatía por la gente común y la antipatía hacia las guerras innecesarias, incluso cuando las dirige el propio emperador.

Tradición poética
Li Bai tenía un fuerte sentido de su pertenencia a una tradición poética. El "genio" de Li Bai, dice un relato reciente, "radica a la vez en su dominio total de la tradición literaria que tenía ante él y en su ingenio para adaptarla (sin romperla) para descubrir un idioma exclusivamente personal ..." Burton Watson, comparándolo con Du Fu, dice que la poesía de Li "es esencialmente retrospectiva, que representa más un renacimiento y el cumplimiento de promesas pasadas, que una incursión en el futuro". Watson agrega, como evidencia, que, de todos los poemas atribuidos a Li Bai, aproximadamente una sexta parte están en forma de yuefu, o, en otras palabras, letras reelaboradas de baladas folclóricas tradicionales. Como prueba adicional, Watson cita la existencia de una colección de cincuenta y nueve poemas de Li Bai titulada Gu Feng, o A la manera antigua, que es, en parte, un tributo a la poesía de las dinastías Han y Wei. Su admiración por ciertos poetas en particular también se muestra a través de alusiones específicas, por ejemplo, a Qu Yuan o Tao Yuanming, y ocasionalmente por su nombre, por ejemplo a Du Fu.

Un aprecio más general por la historia, se muestra por parte de Li Bai en sus poemas del género huaigu, o meditaciones sobre el pasado, donde siguiendo "uno de los temas perennes de la poesía china", "el poeta contempla el ruinas de la gloria pasada".

Embelesado por el vino y la luna
John CH Wu observó que "si bien algunos pueden haber bebido más vino que Li [Bai], nadie ha escrito más poemas sobre el vino". Los poetas chinos clásicos a menudo se asociaban con beber vino, y Li Bai era parte del grupo de eruditos chinos de Chang'an, su compañero poeta Du Fu llamó los "Ocho inmortales de la copa de vino". En general, los chinos no consideraban que el uso moderado del alcohol fuera inmoral o malsano. James J. Y Liu comenta que zui en poesía "no significa exactamente lo mismo que 'borracho', 'intoxicado' o 'ebrio', sino más bien dejarse llevar mentalmente de las preocupaciones normales de uno..." Liu traduce zui como "embelesado por el vino". Los "Ocho Inmortales", sin embargo, bebían en un grado inusual, aunque todavía eran vistos como excéntricos agradables. Burton Watson concluyó que "todos los poetas chinos celebran los placeres del vino, pero ninguno tan incansablemente y con una nota de genuina convicción como Li [Bai]".

Uno de los poemas más famosos de Li Bai es "Despertar de la borrachera en un día de primavera" (春日 醉 起 言 志). La siguiente versión sigue la traducción inglesa de Arthur Waley.

   Despertar de la embriaguez en un día de primavera (春日 醉 起 言 志)

   處世 若 大 夢, La vida en el mundo no es más que un gran sueño;

   胡 爲 勞 其 生. No lo estropearé con ningún trabajo o cuidado.

   所以 終日 醉, diciendo estuve borracho todo el día,

   頹然 臥 前 楹. Tirado indefenso en el porche frente a mi puerta.

   覺 來 盼 庭前, Cuando desperté, parpadeé al ver el césped del jardín;

   一 鳥 花 間 鳴. Un pájaro solitario cantaba entre las flores.

   借 問 此 何時, me pregunté, ¿había sido un día húmedo o agradable?

   春風 語 流鶯. El viento de primavera le susurraba al canto del pájaro.

   感 之 欲 嘆息, Conmovido por su canción, pronto comencé a suspirar,

   對 酒 還 自 傾. Y, como había vino allí, llené mi propia copa.

   浩歌 待 明月, Cantando salvajemente, esperé a que saliera la luna;

   曲 盡 已 忘情. Cuando terminó mi canción, todos mis sentidos se habían ido.

Imágenes fantásticas
Una característica importante de la poesía de Li Bai "es la fantasía y la nota de asombro y alegría infantil que impregna gran parte de ella". Burton Watson atribuye esto a una fascinación por los monjes taoístas que practicaban la alquimia y las austeridad en las montañas, con el objetivo de convertirse en xian o seres inmortales. Hay un fuerte elemento de taoísmo en sus obras, tanto en los sentimientos que expresan como en su tono espontáneo, y "muchos de sus poemas tratan de montañas, a menudo descripciones de ascensos que a mitad de camino se modulan en viajes de la imaginación, pasando de la montaña real a visiones de deidades de la naturaleza, inmortales y 'doncellas de jade' de la tradición taoísta". Watson ve esto como otra afirmación de la afinidad de Li Bai con el pasado y una continuidad con las tradiciones de los Chuci y los primeros fu. Watson encuentra que este "elemento de fantasía" está detrás del uso que hace Li Bai de la hipérbole y las "personificaciones divertidas" de las montañas y los objetos celestes.

Nostalgia
El crítico James J.Y. Liu señala que "los poetas chinos parecen estar lamentando perpetuamente su exilio y anhelando volver a casa. Esto puede parecer sentimental para los lectores occidentales, pero uno debe recordar la inmensidad de China, las dificultades de comunicación, el marcado contraste entre la vida altamente culta en las principales ciudades y las duras condiciones en las regiones más remotas del país, y la importancia de la familia. "No es de extrañar, concluye, que la nostalgia se haya convertido en un tema constante, y por lo tanto convencional, en la poesía china".

Liu da como un excelente ejemplo el poema de Li "Pensamientos nocturno tranquilos" (también traducido como "Contemplando la luz de la luna"), que a menudo aprenden los escolares en China. En tan solo 20 palabras, el poema utiliza la vívida luz de la luna y las imágenes heladas para transmitir la sensación de nostalgia. Esta versión esta basada en la traducción al inglés de Yang Xianyi y Dai Naidie:

   Contemplando la luz de la luna (静夜思)

   床前明月光 , Junto a mi cama veo un charco de luz

   疑 是 地上 霜 , ¿Hay escarcha en el suelo?

   舉 頭 望 明月 , levanto los ojos y veo la luna,

   低頭 思 故鄉。 bajo la cara y pienso en mi hogar.

Uso de la persona
Li Bai también escribió varios poemas desde varios puntos de vista, incluida la personalidad de las mujeres. Por ejemplo, escribió varios poemas en el estilo Zi Ye, o "Dama de la noche", así como poemas estilo balada popular Han.

Virtuosismo técnico
Li Bai es bien conocido por el virtuosismo técnico de su poesía y el dominio de sus versos. En términos de forma poética, "los críticos generalmente están de acuerdo en que Li [Bai] no produjo innovaciones significativas. También en el tema y el contenido, su poesía se destaca menos por los nuevos elementos que introduce que por la habilidad con la que ilumina los antiguos".

Burton Watson comenta sobre el famoso poema de Li Bai, que traduce como "Trae el vino": "como gran parte del trabajo de Li [Bai], tiene una gracia y una dignidad sin esfuerzo que de alguna manera lo hacen más convincente que el tratamiento anterior del mismo".

Los poemas yuefu de Li Bai han sido calificados como de los mejores de todos los tiempos por el erudito y escritor de la dinastía Ming, Hu Yinglin. Li Bai se destacó especialmente en la forma gushi, o poemas de "estilo antiguo", un tipo de poesía que permite una gran libertad en términos de forma y contenido de la obra. Un ejemplo es su poema "蜀道 難", "Veredas en Shu". Shu es un término poético para Sichuan, el destino de refugio que el emperador Xuanzong eligió para huir de las fuerzas que se acercaban del general rebelde An Lushan. Watson comenta que este poema "emplea versos que varían en longitud de cuatro a once caracteres, la forma de los versos sugiere por su irregularidad los picos dentados y los caminos montañosos llenos de baches de Sichuan representados en el poema".

Li Bai también fue conocido como un maestro del jueju o verso cortado. El poeta de la dinastía Ming, Li Pan Long, dijo que Li Bai era el mayor maestro jueju de la dinastía Tang.

Li Bai se destacó por su dominio del lüshi, o "verso regulado", la forma de verso formalmente más exigente de la época. Watson señala, sin embargo, que su poema "Despedir a un amigo" fue "inusual en el sentido de que viola la regla de que los dos pareados del medio deben observar un paralelismo verbal", y agrega que los críticos chinos excusaron este tipo de violación en el caso de un genio como Li.

Véase también
 Bai Juyi
 Wang Wei
 Tu Fu
 Liu Zongyuan
 Xue Tao
 Yu Xuanji
 Han Shan
 Meng Jiao
 He Zhizhang
 Li He

Bibliografía

 Edkins, Joseph (1888). "Li Tai-po as a Poet", The China Review, Vol. 17 No. 1 (1888 Jul) [3]. Retrieved from [4], 19 January 2011.
 Eide, Elling (1973). "On Li Po", in Perspectives on the T'ang. New Haven, London: Yale University Press, 367–403.
 Frankel, Hans H. (1978). The Flowering Plum and the Palace Lady. (New Haven and London: Yale University Press) ISBN 0-300-02242-5.
 Kroll, Paul (2001). "Poetry of the T'ang Dynasty," in Victor H. Mair.  ed., The Columbia History of Chinese Literature. (New York: Columbia University Press,  2001). ISBN 0-231-10984-9, pp. 274–313.
 Stephen Owen 'Li Po: a new concept of genius," in Stephen Owen. The Great Age of Chinese Poetry : The High T'ang. (New Haven Conn.: Yale University Press,  1981). ISBN 978-0-300-02367-1.
 Varsano, Paula M. (2003). Tracking the Banished Immortal: The Poetry of Li Bo and its Critical Reception (University of Hawai'i Press, 2003). ISBN 978-0-8248-2573-7, [5]
 Waley, Arthur (1950). The Poetry and Career of Li Po (New York: MacMillan, 1950). ASIN B0006ASTS4
 Wu, John C.H. (1972). The Four Seasons of Tang Poetry. Rutland, Vermont: Charles E. Tuttle. ISBN 978-0-8048-0197-3

 Hsieh, Chinghsuan Lily. "Chinese Poetry of Li Po Set by Four Twentieth Century British Composers: Bantock, Warlock, Bliss and Lambert" (Archive) (PhD thesis). The Ohio State University, 2004.

Notas
Li Bai está representado en Wu Shuang Pu de Jin Guliang (無雙 譜, Tabla de héroes incomparables).

Enlaces externos

 Traducción del poema 静夜思 / Jìng yè sī / Pensamiento en noche serena del poeta 李白 / Lǐ Bái fuente de la traducción http://www.jueju.es
 Traducción del poema 独坐敬亭山 / Dú zuò Jìng Tíng Shān / Sentado solo en la montaña Jìng Tíng del poeta 李白 / Lǐ Bái fuente de la traducción http://www.jueju.es

Referencias

Escritores chinos de la dinastía Tang
Escritores de China del siglo VIII
Escritores en chino
Taoístas de China
Poetas de China
Poetas del siglo VIII
Causa de muerte no esclarecida
Poesía de China

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
Rabbi Wein's Recommended Reading List
"I am hooked on books. If I had unlimited space in my home and unlimited shekels in my bank account, I know that my library would at least triple in size on an annual basis." – Rabbi Berel Wein
As a noted author and voluminous reader himself, Rabbi Berel Wein brings vast knowledge and life experience to each of his reviews. Here is a listing of some of his recommended readings excerpted from the Wein Press or various lectures he has given.
General Jewish History
A History of the Jews by Paul M. Johnson – Though the first third of the book, which is "Biblical history," should be skipped, this non-Jewish historian gives clear, accurate, and moving insights into the miracle of Jewish survival.
Behold a People who Stands Alone – the written account of adebate between Rabbi Yaakov Herzog and historian Sir Arnold Toynbee.
General World History
The Secular City by Harvey Gallagher Cox – a Christian theologian's description of modern society
The True Believer: Thoughts on The Nature of Mass Movements by Eric Hoffer – a short book by an American longshoreman who gives a deft analysis of the origins of fanaticism
The March of Follyby Barbara Tuchman – chronicles the grossest policy errors in history, and includes a chapter on King Solomon's son King Rechavam. My favorite chapter records King George's mistakes in the American Revolutionary War.
A Distant Mirror: The Calamitous Fourteenth Century by Barbara Tuchman – excellent source for the fate of the Jews during the Black Plague and in Medieval Europe in general
The Guns of August by Barbara Tuchman– a definitive and immensely readable account of the first month of the First World War.
The Holocaust and World War II
The War Against the Jews: 1933-1945 by Lucy Davidowicz – a thorough history that will give you a detailed picture of the fate of the Jewish people from the ghettos to the death camps
The Pity of it All by Amos Elon – a portrayal of Jewish life in Germany from the 18th century until the Holocaust. Highlights the assimilation and anti-Semitism that went hand in hand in the mass extermination of German Jewry.
The Holocaust: A History of the Jews of Europe During the Second World War by Sir Martin Gilbert – the most heart-rending Holocaust book I have ever read, but one of the best. The author weaves together historical fact with interviews from Holocaust survivors so that the atmosphere, grim and frightening as it was, comes alive for the reader.
Hitler's Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust by Professor Daniel Jonah Goldhagen – documents the active participation of German civilians in the mass murder of the Jewish people and chronicles the decades of anti-Semitic indoctrination that made it possible
Doctors Under Hitler by Michael H. Kater – a shocking account of the plethora of medical doctors who were officers in the S.S.
Do Not Raise Your Hand Against the Boy by Rabbi Yisrael Meir Lau – the former Israeli Chief Rabbi's personal account of his own experiences in the Holocaust.
Day of Battle by Rick Middleton – traces the bloody campaign of the WW II Allies in Sicily and Italy. This part of World War II is almost a sideshow to the main struggles against Germany, but the book personalizes the struggles of the armed men who fought Fascist Italy.
One by One by One by Judith Miller – interviews with Holocaust survivors and witnesses conducted by the New York Times journalist who herself is the non-Jewish daughter of a Holocaust survivor.
The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich by William Shirer – definitive classic on Hitler's Germany
Adolf Hitler by John Toland – a 1200-page biography covering his early life, his obsessive anti-Semitism, and his unlikely rise to power. If we measured books the way we measure gold, 1200 pages would be a valuable book, which this is.
Israeli History and Society
Members of the Tribe by Zev Chafets - an astute and funny book on modern Israel by Menachem Begin's former press secretary.
Perfidy by Ben Hecht – a powerful indictment of the behavior of Zionist and American Jewish leaders during the Holocaust.
The War of Atonement by Chaim Herzog – an insider's view on what went wrong during the Yom Kippur War. This ought to be required reading for every general in the IDF.
What Went Wrong: Western Impact and Middle Eastern Response by BernardLewis – answers the question uppermost on our minds: what went wrong with the peace process and what can be done about it?
The Siege: The Saga of Israel and Zionism by Conor Cruise O'Brien – insights into Middle East politics from the point of view of Ireland's UN representative who, because of alphabetical seating, sat between the representatives of Israel and Iraq for 15 years.
Jewish Life in America
Our Crowd: The Great Jewish Families of New York by Stephen Birmingham – German Jewish immigrants and their success story
Two Jewish Justices: Outcasts in the Promised Land by Robert Burt – a comparison of Louis Brandeis and Felix Frankfurter, both of whom served on the U.S. Supreme Court
An Empire of their Own: How the Jews Invented Hollywood by Neal Gabler – a fascinating history of how secular Jews rose to power at the dawning of the movie industry and used the new medium to promote an agenda of assimilation into American society.
The Sanctity of the Synagogueby Baruch Litvin – chronicles the court case brought all the way up to Michigan Supreme Court to preserve the mechitza in a Conservative synagogue
American History and Society
The Closing of the American Mind by Allan Bloom – an excellent analysis of how the concept of classical education has been replaced with a dangerous moral relativism.
The Disappearance of Childhood by Neil Postman – a scathing account of how modern society robs children of the innocence and joy that is rightfully theirs.
The History of Communism
The Gulag: A History by Anne Appelbaum – a bleak though definitive picture of life in the Soviet prisons
The Great Terror: A Reassessment by Robert Conquest – A no-holds-barred analysis of Stalin's murderous regime written by one of that era's most respected historians.
The Harvest of Sorrow: Soviet Collectivization and the Terror-Famine by Robert Conquest– from the same author as above, a description of the devastating effects of the collectivization of farms on Russian peasantry.
The Coldest Winter by David Halberstam – fascinating study of the Korean War, its antecedents and later political and global consequences
Russia and the West Under Lenin and Stalin by George F. Kennan – a government insider's analysis of Russia during the Cold War, including eerily prophetic predictions of its ultimate self-destruction.
Russia Under the Bolshevik Regimeby Richard Pipes – a factual presentation of the revolution that put Lenin in power and a scrutinizing look into the terror he exerted to keep himself there. Answers the mind-boggling question of how a small faction of thugs was able to successfully overthrow the deeply entrenched Romanov monarchy.
A Century of Ambivalence: The Jews of Russia and the Soviet Union, 1881-present by Zvi Y. Gitelman – a photo-history of Jewish life before and after the Communist revolution. Includes rarely seen photos taken from behind the Iron Curtain.
Mivtza Chasuna by Yosef Mendelowitz – an inspiring record of how one heroic Jew kept the Torah and mitzvos even in the prisons of Siberia. (In Hebrew only)
The History of Islam
Islam:From the Prophet Muhammad to the Capture of Constantinople by Bernard Lewis – though chronicling the early history of Islam, this book clearly illustrates the historic patterns that give rise to both moderate and fundamentalist Islam, a dichotomy playing out all to painfully in the world today.
Jewish Religion
What's Bothering Rashi? by Rabbi Dr. Avigdor Bonchek – a concise handbook which explains the philosophical and grammatical conundrums that provoked Rashi's commentary. This little book is an invaluable tool for any serious student of Chumash with Rashi.
Iyov/Job translated and annotated by Rabbi Moshe Eisenman – a clear and accessible English translation of the Book of Job with an outstanding overview to deepen the reader's understanding.
The Tablernacle by Rabbi Moshe Levine – stunningly beautiful photographs of a model of the Mishkan (Tabernacle) constructed with painstaking attention to the details outlined in Chumash. More than any other book, this one will make the Mishkan come to life for children and adults alike.
Disputation at Barcelonaby Nachmanides, translated by Rabbi Dr. Charles Chavel – definitive translation of the Ramban's own record of his forced debate with Pablo Christiani, an excellent statement and explanation of the basics of Jewish faith.
Biographies of Great Jews
The Mussar Movement: Its History, Leading Personalities and Doctrines by Rabbi Dov Katz – an extensive bookdescribing the teachings andbiographies of the greatest of mussar leaders.
The Life and Works of Rabbi Yisrael Meir Kagan of Radin by Rabbi Moses M.Yoshor – The definitive biography on the great Torah giant of the 19th and early 20th centuries.
Fossils and Faith: Understanding Torah and Science by Nathan Aviezer – explains the fossil record from a Torah perspective
A Brief History of Time by Steven Hawkings – the author, himself paralyzed by Lou Gerrig's disease, introduces his book with the statement that the study of physics is actually the study of God. The book will strengthen your faith in God and man.
Cosmos by Carl Sagan – worthwhile for the beautiful photographs and its explanations of the universe, but the author is nonetheless a believer in the "big bang" theory
The Denial of Death by Ernst Becker – an outstanding book that gives readers insight into their own psychological make-up, but also describes the author's own extraordinary life – from liberating the concentration camps to teshuva.
Biographies of Non-Jews who Changed World History
Mao: The Unknown Story by Jung Chang and Jon Halliday– a thoroughly researched and well-documented portrait of the absolutely unscrupulous and murderous Communist dictator.
The Essential Galbraith by John Kenneth Galbraith – autobiography of the Nobel laureate who served as economic adviser to four American presidents. At times, a funny book.
The Last Lion: Winston Spencer Churchill, Visions of Glory by William Manchester – this "expert's" analysis of Hitler proves just how wrong "experts" can be.
John Adams by David McCullough – based mostly on personal letters, this biography gives a clear picture not only of the man but of all the American founding fathers, their way of thinking, and the times they lived in.
Truman by David McCullough – From his moralistic upbringing to the world-changing decisions of his political career, this book details the life and motivations of the American president most responsible for the existence of the State of Israel.
The Patriarch by David Nasaw - A very well written biography of Joseph Kennedy. It details the events and happenings of the life of this most controversial person. The Kennedy family itself approved of the idea of the biography though the author assures his readers that they had no control whatsoever over the contents of the book or over the judgments and opinions expressed by the author.
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"Anonymous" hurt by arrests but hard to kill
Author Topic: "Anonymous" hurt by arrests but hard to kill (Read 735 times)
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By Peter Apps, Political Risk Correspondent | Reuters – 22 hrs ago...
LONDON (Reuters) - In turning one of its best-known hackers into an informant and breaking open the highest profile elements of the "Anonymous" movement, authorities have dealt a serious blow to a group they found a growing irritant.
But as the broader "Anonymous" label - complete with its iconic Guy Fawkes mask imagery - is used by ever more disparate causes worldwide, it may be all but impossible to shut it down for good.
U.S. authorities revealed on Wednesday that leading Anonymous hacker "Sabu" - real name Hector Xavier Monsegur, aged 28 - had been arrested last June in his apartment in a Manhattan housing complex.
According to a newly released court transcript, he agreed to cooperate with authorities in return for likely leniency - helping U.S. prosecutors bring charges against five more men, including two in Britain and two in Ireland. All had also been previously arrested.
"Sabu was seen as a leader," said Mikko Hypponen, chief research officer of Finnish security firm f-secure. "Just yesterday people were looking up to him... it's a very serious blow. It's probably not going to be the end of Anonymous but it's going to take a while for them to recover, particularly from the paranoia."
All six were said to be senior members of LulzSec, an offshoot of Anonymous that took credit for a range of hacking attacks on government and private sector websites. Targets included the CIA, Britain's Serious Organized Crime Agency, Japan's Sony Corp and a host of others including in Ireland and Mexico.
Taking inspiration from the hacking and Internet community as well as popular culture - particularly the 2005 film "V for Vendetta" in which a masked hero fights a dystopian government - Anonymous emerged in the middle of the last decade.
Initially focused on fighting attempts at Internet regulation and blocking free illegal downloads, it has since taken on a range of other targets including Scientology and the global banking system. Governments have been a growing target, both Western and in more autocratic states such as China and Iran. Websites have been attacked and occasionally shut down.
But Anonymous - and LulzSec in particular - leapt to much greater prominence in late 2010 when they launched what they described as the "first cyber war" in retaliation for attempts to shut down the Wikileaks website.
They attacked websites such as MasterCard that tried to block payments to Wikileaks after apparent pressure from the US government following the release of thousands of diplomatic cables.
"NO HONOUR AMONG THIEVES"?
"This is probably the end of this particular group," said Tim Hardy, a British activist and computer scientist who runs the blog "Beyond Clicktivism. " But... part of the point of Anonymous is that it's a group that anyone can say they are part of, whether they are attacking a website or wearing a mask outside the Church of Scientology."
Those masks became an increasingly frequent sight on Western streets in 2011, increasingly adopted by more radical, libertarian and sometimes anarchist elements of European and U.S. protest groups.
They became a frequent sight at demonstrations such as "Occupy Wall Street" and its spin-offs elsewhere in the U.S. and Britain. They were also heavily used by the "indignados" anti-austerity protesters in Spain, where fancy dress shops ran out of stock and had to import them from abroad.
Such popular usage will likely continue, but the loss of some of the movement's highest profile stars and technical experts will still hurt.
Web forums frequented by Anonymous were frothing with abuse and anger following the arrests on Tuesday. "Sabu" had been occasionally suspected of being a mole, but had continued to operate as an effective leader advising other hackers on the importance of maintaining anonymity and security.
"No honor among thieves," said Tony Dyhouse, a computer security expert at UK defense firm QinetiQ who has long studied hackers. "Any further (Anonymous) actions are likely to be much more low-key. Fear is in the ranks. However, there will be many that see some of the casualties as martyrs and empty footprints to be filled."
Computer security experts say the hackers of LulzSec appeared much more technically adept than had been usual for Anonymous, which has often relied on simple - if illegal - software that can be downloaded by any potential hacker regardless of their technical skills.
"FEATHER IN CAP FOR FEDS"
While many of its attacks - often direct denial of service (DDOS) attacks designed to overload websites - were relatively simple, LulzSec penetrated secure commercial systems to steal highly sensitive information.
These included credit card details of users of Sony's latest PlayStation platform as well as client details and some 5 million e-mails from U.S. specialist geopolitical publisher and sometime private intelligence firm Stratfor. The Stratfor e-mails were then passed on to Wikileaks, which is now publishing them.
U.S. authorities said one of those arrested this week, Jeremy Hammond - a Chicago resident who styled himself "Anarchaos" - had been charged with the Stratfor hack. Another of those arrested, 19-year-old Donncha O' Cearrbhail, was charged with another recent high profile success - the hacking of a conference call between the FBI and London detectives discussing action against hackers.
"Undoubtedly this is a big feather in the cap for the Feds," said QinetiQ's Dyhouse. "But the Scotland Yard/FBI leak shows how simple mistakes can have a huge impact on any operation. Interceptions can be so easy these days."
Ultimately, Anonymous and LulzSec in particular may have been the victims of their own success and over ambition. Whatever the technical mistakes and personal weaknesses that led to their undoing, security experts say their fate was sealed once they became so high profile that authorities made them a priority.
The success of Anonymous in the last two years may also have itself driven greater emphasis on computer security and fuelled demands for regulation - the opposite of their intent.
Even for a global activist community infused with new energy and political significance in the aftermath of the financial crisis, Anonymous remains controversial and divisive.
While some members may be admired for their actions and beliefs - albeit often varied and extreme - others are seen as simply in it for the "lulz", the plural of the Internet abbreviation LOL for "laugh out loud".
"There are those who see them as banner carriers for the revolutionary left," says Beyond Clicktivism's Hardy. "But there are also those who see them just as consumerists who don't want to pay (for)... music and videos."
http://news.yahoo.com/anonymous-hurt-arrests-hard-kill-151409809.html
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Monetary Policy, Inflation and the Level of Economic Activity in Brasil after the Real Plan: Stylized Facts from SVAR Models
Brisne J. V. Céspedes
Elcyon C. R. Lima
Alexis Maka
This article investigates the stochastic and dynamic relationship of a group of Brazilian macroeconomic variables (price and industrial production indexes, nominal exchange rate, short and medium-run nominal interest rates) for the period after the Real Plan (1996-2004). We adopt, as has become usual in the literature, several SVAR (structural VAR) models to uncover stylized facts for the short-run impacts of the identified exogenous sources of fluctuations of this selected set of variables. A distinctive feature of this article is the employment of Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAG) to obtain the contemporaneous causal order of the variables used to identify the SVAR models. Another distinguishing characteristic is the careful attention paid to monetary policy developments after the Real Plan when splitting our sample in two subsamples (1996/07-1998/08 and 1999/03-2004/12). The main results are: a) in response to a positive short run interest rate innovation, during the 1999-2004 subperiod, the output and the price level decrease—however, the output response is faster and the price level responds with a lag of near four months; b) for the 1996-1998 subperiod, the most likely effect of a positive short run interest rate innovation is the reduction of the price level (also with a four months lag), even though there is a large uncertainty in this response, and the reduction of output; c)short run interest rate innovations are one of the most important sources of temporary fluctuations in the level of economic activity for both subsamples; and d) exogenous shocks to the exchange rate and to the medium term interest rate are for the 1999-2004 period, the most important sources of inflation rate fluctuation. Este artigo investiga as relações estocásticas e dinâmicas de um grupo de variáveis macroeconômicas brasileiras (índices de preços, produção industrial, taxa de câmbio nominal, taxas de juros de curto e médio prazo, e M1) para o período após o Plano Real (1996-2004). Adota, como é usual na literatura, vários modelos SVARs (VAR estruturais) para determinar os fatos estilizados relativos aos impactos de curto prazo das fontes exógenas de flutuação identificadas para esse grupo de variáveis. O artigo inova ao empregar Grafos Acíclicos Direcionados (DAG) na obtenção das relações causais contemporâneas entre as variáveis e ao considerar que as alterações da política monetária, ocorridas após o Plano Real, tornam essencial a divisão da nossa amostra em dois subperíodos (1996/07-1998/08 e 1999/03-2004/12). Os resultados principais são: a) em resposta a uma inovação positiva na taxa de juros de curto prazo (Selic), durante o subperíodo 1999-2004, a produção e o nível de preços caem — porém, a resposta da produção é mais rápida que a do nível de preços, que só acontece com uma defasagem de aproximadamente quatro meses; b) para o período 1996-1998, o efeito mais provável de uma inovação positiva na taxa de juros de curto prazo é a redução do nível de preços também com uma defasagem de quatro meses, embora haja uma grande incerteza em relação a essa resposta e da produção; c) as inovações na taxa de juros de curto prazo (Selic) estão entre as fontes mais importantes da flutuação do nível de atividade econômica em ambos os subperíodos; e d) os choques exógenos na taxa de câmbio e na taxa de juros de médio prazo (Swap Pré x CDI) são, para o período 1999-2004, as fontes mais importantes da flutuação da taxa de inflação.
Brisne J. V. Céspedes & Elcyon C. R. Lima & Alexis Maka, 2015. "Monetary Policy, Inflation and the Level of Economic Activity in Brasil after the Real Plan: Stylized Facts from SVAR Models," Discussion Papers 0149, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:0149
File URL: http://www.ipea.gov.br/portal/images/stories/PDFs/TDs/ingles/dp_149.pdf
Lima, Elcyon Caiado & Maka, Alexis & Céspedes, Brisne, 2008. "Monetary Policy, Inflation and the Level of Economic Activity in Brazil After the Real Plan: Stylized Facts from SVAR Models," Revista Brasileira de Economia - RBE, FGV EPGE - Escola Brasileira de Economia e Finanças, Getulio Vargas Foundation (Brazil), vol. 62(2), October.
Uhlig, Harald, 2005. "What are the effects of monetary policy on output? Results from an agnostic identification procedure," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(2), pages 381-419, March.
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Lílian Carla dos Reis Arquete & Frederico Gonzaga Jayme Júnior, 2003. "Política Monetária, Preços e Produto no Brasil (1994-2002): uma Aplicação de Vetores Auto-regressivos," Anais do XXXI Encontro Nacional de Economia [Proceedings of the 31st Brazilian Economics Meeting] b45, ANPEC - Associação Nacional dos Centros de Pós-Graduação em Economia [Brazilian Association of Graduate Programs in Economics].
Lawrence J. Christiano & Martin Eichenbaum & Charles L. Evans, 2005. "Nominal Rigidities and the Dynamic Effects of a Shock to Monetary Policy," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 113(1), pages 1-45, February.
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repec:ekm:wpaper:v:23:y:2003:i:3:a:956 is not listed on IDEAS
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Fernandes, Marcelo & Toro, Juan, 2005. "O Mecanismo de Transmissão Monetária na Economia Brasileira Pós-Plano Real," Revista Brasileira de Economia - RBE, FGV EPGE - Escola Brasileira de Economia e Finanças, Getulio Vargas Foundation (Brazil), vol. 59(1), January.
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Kadiyala, K Rao & Karlsson, Sune, 1997. "Numerical Methods for Estimation and Inference in Bayesian VAR-Models," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 12(2), pages 99-132, March-Apr.
Kadiyala, K. Rao & Karlsson, Sune, 1994. "Numerical Aspects of Bayesian VAR-modeling," SSE/EFI Working Paper Series in Economics and Finance 12, Stockholm School of Economics.
James H. Stock & Mark W. Watson, 2001. "Vector Autoregressions," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 15(4), pages 101-115, Fall.
Hanson, Michael S., 2004. "The "price puzzle" reconsidered," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(7), pages 1385-1413, October.
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Tomas Havranek & Marek Rusnak, 2013. "Transmission Lags of Monetary Policy: A Meta-Analysis," International Journal of Central Banking, International Journal of Central Banking, vol. 9(4), pages 39-76, December.
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Minella, André & Souza-Sobrinho, Nelson F., 2013. "Monetary policy channels in Brazil through the lens of a semi-structural model," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 405-419.
Brisne J. V. Céspedes & Elcyon C. R. Lima & Alexis Maka & Mário J. C. Mendonça, 2005. "Measuring Monetary Policy Stance in Brazil," Discussion Papers 1128, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
Fernando José Pérez Forero, 2015. "Comparing the Transmission of Monetary Policy Shocks in Latin America: A Hierachical Panel VAR," Premio de Banca Central Rodrigo Gómez / Central Banking Award "Rodrigo Gómez", Centro de Estudios Monetarios Latinoamericanos, CEMLA, number prg2015eng, July-Dece.
Pérez, Fernando, 2015. "Comparing the Transmission of Monetary Policy Shocks in Latin America: A Hierarchical Panel VAR," Working Papers 2015-015, Banco Central de Reserva del Perú.
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Glocker, Christian & Towbin, Pascal, 2015. "Reserve requirements as a macroprudential instrument – Empirical evidence from Brazil," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 158-176.
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repec:fgv:epgrbe:v:67:n:4:a:4 is not listed on IDEAS
Igor Ézio Maciel Silva & Nelson Leitão Paes & Jocildo Fernandes Bezerra, 2016. "Evidences Of Incomplete Interest Rate Pass-Through, Directed Credit And Cost Channel Of Monetary Policy In Brazil," Anais do XLIII Encontro Nacional de Economia [Proceedings of the 43rd Brazilian Economics Meeting] 036, ANPEC - Associação Nacional dos Centros de Pós-Graduação em Economia [Brazilian Association of Graduate Programs in Economics].
repec:sbe:breart:v:31:y:2011:i:1:a:3410 is not listed on IDEAS
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HACKENSACK, N.J. (AP) — A 5-year-old New Jersey girl whose bone marrow transplant was complicated by a visa dispute involving her older sister has left the hospital.
Yarelis Bonilla received the transplant last month at Hackensack University Medical Center from older sister Gisselle Bonilla Ramirez. She was wheeled out of the hospital Monday afternoon to a crowd of reporters and photographers. Doctors say they expect her to make a complete recovery.
The older sister lives with the girls' grandmother in El Salvador and was found to be a perfect match. But she was twice denied a visitor visa to come to the U.S. Eventually she was granted a humanitarian visa.


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Proudly serving Lincoln, St. Charles, St. Louis and Warren Counties of Missouri.
Saint Louis Area Home Care Agency - Locally Owned & Nationally Supported Assistance Home Care is a Saint Louis area, family owned and operated home care agency that provides non-medical companion in-home care services and homemaker services to adults and seniors, those recovering from surgery, new and expectant mothers, and other residents of Saint Charles, Saint Louis, Lincoln and Warren County. We are a unique agency because we personally participate in the care plan for each and every client. We truly care and want to help meet your home care needs.
Sally knows that the best way to give people exactly what they want is to listen to their needs. She has spent a lifetime listening, planning and problem-solving for her parents, while nurturing her community as an elementary teacher. Sally graduated with a B.A. Degree in Education from Lindenwood University. Whether it be fund raising for Alzheimer's or teaching PSR at our church, Sally has seized countless opportunities to support others, and it has been her honor. Sally has spent five years as a caregiver to her mother, who ultimately lost her fight with Alzheimer's. Sally has also completed the Companion Connection Senior Care syllabus and graduated as a national member of this organization of independent care giving companies. Sally's deep participation in the human condition led her to co-found Assistance Home Care and build a truly caring and compassionate community of caregivers.
Allen is Co-Founder and President of Assistance Home Care and a national member of the Companion Connection Senior Care organization. Allen graduated with a degree in Finance from the University of Iowa. Allen enjoyed a 20+ year career and executive management experience as Vice-President with Enterprise Rent-A-Car, a leader in the car and truck rental industry. Allen thrived in Enterprise's entrepreneurial and customer service focused environment helping the company open up new locations, expand new territories along with pioneering their newest operating division. Allen supported the growth and success of Enterprise's Commercial Truck Division from it's beginning in 1999 to over 10,000 trucks in fleet serving over 85 major markets across the country. Allen served the industry as Chairman of the Board for the Truck Rental and Leasing Association. Allen's commitment to customer service, exceeding customer's expectations and his commitment to employee development were the key ingredients to his success at Enterprise. These keys ingredients are at the heart of the foundation of Assistance Home Care. Allen is actively involved with his wife supporting the Alzheimer's Association and the United Way.
To be the premier St. Louis home care agency dedicated to and recognized for our passion and commitment to serve, help and enhance the quality of life and well being of others. We will strive to earn our customer's long term loyalty by working to deliver more than promised, being honest and fair, and "going the extra mile" to provide exceptional personalized in home care and service. We must motivate our caregivers to provide exceptional care and service to our customers by supporting their development, providing opportunities for personal growth and fairly compensating them for their loyal service and dedication to our customers. Our success at satisfying customers and motivating employees will bring growth and long term success.


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Unheard Voices SBIR Challenge: Reaching Previously Unheard Communities
SmartDublin | July 24, 2020 | Smart Stories
Fingal County Council serves a vibrant and dynamic community. It has the youngest population of any local authority and is one of the most ethnically and culturally diverse catchment areas in Ireland.
A core responsibility of every local government is to engage citizens in the democratic process, ensuring that all voices are heard and valued.
In 2018, Fingal County Council–in partnership with Cork City Council–launched the "Unheard Voices" challenge, under Enterprise Ireland's SBIR programme. The challenge aimed to engage young people, migrant groups and others with new technological solutions.
https://smartdublin.ie/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Smart-Dublin-SBIR-Launch-Dominic-Byrne.mp4
The challenge aimed to find new, technological solutions to help individuals and groups engage with their local authority, focusing on young people, migrant groups, and others not traditionally reached with existing methods.
Technology providers were invited to pitch ideas that would complement, rather than replace traditional methods of engagement.
Project Activities: Phase One
In late 2018, four companies were awarded funding. Each company presented innovative and inclusive solutions to empower communities and improve citizen participation.
The four companies worked to develop their solutions, testing and piloting with Fingal County Council and Cork City Council.
Pic Orla Murray/ SON Photo
CiviQ
CiviQ's OpenInsights platform provides insights into public opinion and a new method for promoting diversity, deliberation and inclusion in public policy making and planning.
It enables communities and the consulting body to capture the full range of voices on an issue, identify shared perspectives, areas of consensus and differences of opinion.
OneStepCloser and Story Tracks
Onestepcloser.to is a civic engagement platform where people can vote for projects that will have a positive impact in their local community.
StoryTracks is a storytelling platform which brings local stories to life through audio and video.
Together OneStepCloser and Story Tracks inspire people in the community to make their voices heard and actively influence the change they want to see.
Smart Futures
Smart Futures aims to drive citizen engagement to optimize public services. Their collaborative web and mobile solutions use collective and artificial intelligence to help public administrations improve the governance and maintenance of the city.
Smart Futures use gamification and rewards to foster engagement and make future cities more sustainable and inclusive.
Solonian Democracy Institute
The Solonian Democracy Institute was founded to research and understand alternative democratic practices. The Institute looks at ways to deepen participation beyond elections and to increase the number of people meaningfully involved in political decision-making.
Project Activities: Phase Two
In mid-2019, Smart Futures and OneStepCloser/Story Tracks were selected for further funding. They then got to work on phase two.
OneStepCloser/Story Tracks: Cork Voices
In Cork, OneStepCloser and Story Tracks worked closely with Cork City Council's Public Participation Network (PPN) to deliver an innovative, participatory grant portal. Using the portal, local community groups were invited to submit short video pitches for community funds.
A wide a wide range of exciting community projects pitched for funding including:
Cork Nature Otter Walk
Comhairle na nÓg Suicide Prevention Summer Event
International Community Dynamics Direct Provision Workshops
Local residents were invited to vote on their favourite videos in June 2019.
With a total of over 2,000 votes, six organisation were successfully awarded grants of between €400–€750. These grants support community programmes that deliver positive outcomes for the people of Cork.
For more information, visit the Cork Voices website.
Smart Futures: Fingal Voices
Smart Futures developed the The Fingal Voices mobile app. The app enables Fingal County Council residents to participate more in local life and to influence Fingal's future in fun and innovative ways.
The app allows residents to participate in public consultations relating to local planning or projects on their smartphones. When residents make contributions, they will be rewarded with points that can be converted into vouchers for local amenities.
The app includes several innovative features that improve residents' experience of engaging with their Council. Using the app residents can:
Share opinions and react to proposals made by the Council by voting for different options, rating proposals and commenting on them.
Suggest improvements or report specific issues in their local area.
Get information on local news and events.
The app is available to download from the App Store and Android Play Store.
The "Unheard Voices" challenge has been an important learning experience for Fingal County Council. We have learned a lot about how technology can promote citizen engagement and reach communities that may experience exclusion.
We have explored new ways of working with industry to develop smart solutions, from video storytelling to incentivised consultations.
This process has exposed Council staff to innovative technology and demonstrated how it can help them connect with the local community.
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As a father, you've probably encountered the challenge of getting your kids to eat healthy meals and snacks. Between the stubborn insistence on eating junk food and refusal to eat nutritious items, children don't always make the best dietary choices. To help your kids grow strong and healthy, you need to take steps to instill positive eating habits. A few tips can help you get your children's diets on the right track.
1. Be selective with what food you purchase. If unhealthy food isn't in the house, kids won't be able to eat it. It can also be beneficial to provide an assortment of nutritious foods to choose from to encourage your children to make healthy food choices on their own.
2. Have meals as a family. This is a great way to both manage what your children are eating while influencing your children's tastes to lean toward healthy foods. There's also the added benefit of an occasion for communicating with your kids.
3. Manage portions. Try and keep serving sizes suitable to your children's ages and activity levels using the information on food packaging for a guideline. You don't want your kids to overeat, but you also don't want to deprive them of necessary nutrition.