Over three quarters of Data Scientists support including ethics in Data Science training, and code of ethics is already a part of CAP certification and a part of UN Statistics division declaration.
Should Data Science Include Ethics Training?.
Overwhelming majority (76%) answered yes, 17% said no, and only 7% were not sure. This poll was based on 324 voters.
Voters commented that The Certified Analytics Professional (CAP) certification includes a Code of Ethics. There is also a declaration of professional ethics by the United Nations Statistics Division (see below).
However, finding a line that divides ethical data mining from non-ethical and resolving the thorny issues of individual privacy vs common good will remain as hard in Data Science as it is in other areas of life.
Regional distribution showed especially strong support (90%) for ethics training in Asia, and slightly larger opposition (26%) in Europe and in Africa/Middle East (45%).
Should Data Science Include Ethics Training?
What is ethical and what is not??
in my opinion what is ethical is in line with time and place. Things that are ethical now and here weren't ethical in an other period and maybe are not ethical in other places of the world. On the other hand science is the passion for pure knowledge. Science has nothing to do with ethics. Science is the truth, a pure light which doesn't care about what humans call ethical or unethical. Scientist are looking or better they are called by this light. The real question is should scientist share this truth with the common people...?
interesting UN document, but it is dates from 1985 and very long. I wonder how many statisticians have actually read it. I think a code of ethics should be short and easy to remember to be effective. Think "10 commandments".
Official statisticians have a code of conduct. See here a declaration of professional ethics by the United Nations Statistics Division.


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Home :: Intelligence :: Operations :: Covert Operations :: Bay of Pigs - Op ZAPATA ::
Intelligence Menu
Op ZAPATA - Planning
Op ZAPATA - Execution
Op ZAPATA - Aftermath
Op ZAPATA - Groupthink
OPERATION ZAPATA (Bay of Pigs, Cuba, 1961)
When Fidel Castro took power in Cuba by overthrowing the previous dictator, Fulgencio Batista, he was hailed as a liberator by the Cuban people themselves and became a hero to the American people as well. The triumphant arrival of Fidel Castro in Havana on, January 1, 1959, marking a victorious climax of file revolution he had led, was initially heralded in the United States as well as in Cuba. Castro was hailed as a champion of the people, a man who would lead a free and democratic Cuba. While some suspected that Castro had Communist leanings, the majority of the American public supported him. (2) The appointment of Philip Bonsal as U.S. Ambassador to Cuba, replacing Earl E.T. Smith, who was personally wary of Castro, was a clear signal that the United States was interested in amicable relations with the revolutionary government. On appointing Bonsal, President Eisenhower expressed the hope for an "ever closer relationship between Cuba and the United States."
By the end of 1959, however, United States-Cuban relations had deteriorated to the point that there was open hostility between the two countries. Castro soon took actions inimical to American interests and aligned his country publicly with the Soviet Union.
To begin with, the United States deplored the mass executions of officials of the Batista government that Castro had deposed. (5) In reply, Castro charged that the United States had never voiced objections to killing and torture by Batista. He said the trials and sentences would continue. In his revolutionary economic policies. Castro took steps that severely challenged the traditional role of the United States. In March 1959, the Cuban Government took over the United States-owned Cuban Telephone Co. in May. U.S. companies were among those expropriated in the Cuban Government's first large-scale nationalization action, also in May, the agrarian reform law resulted in the expropriation of large landholdings, many of them U.S.-owned.
Vice President Nixon met with Castro in Washington in April 1959. Castro left the meeting convinced that Nixon was hostile. For his part, Nixon recommended to President Eisenhower that the United States take measures to quash the Cuban revolution.
Disillusionment with Castro spread to significant elements of the Cuban populace. In June 1959, the chief of the Cuban Air Force, Maj. Pedro Diaz Lanz, fled to the United States, charging there was Communist influence in the armed forces and the Government of Cuba. A few weeks later, Manuel Urrutria Lleo, the President of Cuba, stated on Cuban national television that communist was not concerned with the welfare of the people and that it constituted a throat to the revolution. In the succeeding flurry of events, President Urrutria resigned after Castro accused him of "actions bordering on treason."
By the summer of 1960, Castro had seized more than $700 million in U.S. property; the Eisenhower administration had canceled the Cuban sugar quota; Castro was cementing his relations with the Soviet Union, having sent his brother Raul on a visit to Moscow, Ernesto "Che" Guevara, a top Castro lieutenant, had proclaimed publicly that the revolution was on a course set by Marx; and CIA Director Allen Dulles had said in a speech that communist had pervaded Castro's revolution.
The US public and government were gravely concerned about the creation of a communist state and member of the Soviet Bloc only seventy miles from its southern shores. Planning for an operation against Castro began in the Eisenhower administration. By the beginning of 1960, the last year of the Eisenhower presidency, it had become clear that Fidel Castro was a committed communist, and Eisenhower feared that he might infect the rest of Latin America. To deal with this perceived threat, the president directed the Agency to come up with a covert plan for getting rid of Castro.
On March 17, 1960, President Eisenhower quietly authorized the CIA to organize, train, and equip Cuban refugees as a guerrilla force to overthrow Castro. He authorized the Agency to attempt to unify and strengthen the opposition to Castro outside of Cuba, to build a guerrilla organization within the country, to mount a propaganda campaign against Castro, and to train a paramilitary force outside of Cuba to lead an invasion.
In the spring of 1960, Lloyd A. Free of the Institute for International Social Research at Princeton (no friend of the new regime, but a social scientist, withal) had carried out an extensive public opinion survey in Cuba. Polling techniques now common to American politics were already quite developed by scholars such as Free and his associate Hadley Cantril; in this case the technique was the "Self-Anchoring Striving Scale." One thousand Cubans were asked to rank their well-being at that time, five years previously, and five years hence. Cubans reported they were hugely optimistic about the future, and mostly dreaded the return of the previous dictator Fulgencio Batista. They would learn better, as peoples the world over would do as the earlier excitements of revolution gave way to Leninist terror and intimidation. But they had not learned yet. Free's report ended on an unambiguous note: Cubans "are unlikely to shift their present overwhelming allegiance to Fidel Castro."
Cantril later recalled: "This study on Cuba showed unequivocally not only that the great majority of Cubans supported Castro, but that any hope of stimulating action against him or exploiting a powerful opposition in connection with the United States invasion of 1961 was completely chimerical, no matter what Cuban exiles said or felt about the situation, and that the fiasco and its aftermath, in which the United States became involved, was predictable."
These data were public, and were dutifully provided to United States Government agencies. (The Cuban Embassy sent for ten copies.) It is difficult not to think that the information in the public opinion survey might have had greater impact had it been classified. In a culture of secrecy, that which is not secret is easily disregarded or dismissed.
In August 1960, after a diplomatic effort failed to get the Organization of American States to intervene in Cuba, the covert action plan took on greater urgency. By the late fall, however, the Agency had achieved mixed results. It had recruited a paramilitary force of Cuban exiles - including Cuban pilots for the aircraft that were to support the ground operation - and trained them in Guatemala, but efforts to build a credible guerrilla force within Cuba itself had produced relatively little.
Even the air cover for "Operation Phoenix" was to be flown by Cubans. The CIA obtained Douglas B-26s from the desert "boneyard" in Arizona and set up a training base deep in the Peten Jungle of Guatemala. Since the Alabama ANG at Birmingham had been the last unit to fly the plane, the CIA recruited everyone there from firefighters to flight surgeons. Eighty Air Guardsmen, serving as civilian volunteers, trained the exiles to fly old B-26 bombers and transports. The Guardsmen volunteered for combat missions after the exiles lost two B-26s on D-Day. Col Joe Shannon was sent to Guatemala in January 1961 to train the pilots. They were all Cuban defectors who had flown for Cubana Airlines or in the Cuban Air Force.
Many in Congress at the time were urging Eisenhower to "do something" about Castro. While there is no documentation to suggest that the administration saw fit to bring Congress into its plans in the fa1l of 1960, it is possible that it did so if only to answer this mounting concern. Dulles, at this point, was also still embarrassed by his failure to bring congressional leaders into the U-2 program and wanted to avoid repeating this mistake in the future. By the first of the year, the HAC subcommittee knew or suspected that something was afoot with respect to Cuba. At a meeting of the subcommittee on 6 January 1961, Dulles was asked whether the Agency was training Cuban exiles for an invasion. "He gave a fairly detailed picture of CIA action with respect to Cuba," Legislative Counsel John Warner later recalled, "mentioning the two-pronged program of propaganda . and the paramilitary effort, and indicating the number of Cubans being trained and the supply efforts and thebases." Four days later, the rest of Congress learned, courtesy of an article in the New York Times, that the United States (CIA was not specifically mentioned) was training anti-Castro guerrillas in Guatemala.
Eisenhower considered John Kennedy too young and inexperienced to be a serious presidential candidate (He referred to Kennedy as "the boy" and "young whippersnapper.") and resented the money and all the political manipulation that made him one. During the campaign he was incensed with Kennedy's claim that his administration was responsible for a missile gap that Eisenhower knew "damn well" didn't exist. When Kennedy won the 1960 election, Eisenhower considered it his own greatest defeat. As press reporters' adulation of the new president-elect grew, so did Eisenhower's dislike. "We have a new genius in our midst who is incapable of making any mistakes and therefore deserving of no criticism whatsoever," he once remarked with undisguised sarcasm.
On January 2, 1961, the United States broke diplomatic relations with Cuba. A period of increased tension followed. It was marked by an exchange of bitter statements by the new US President, John F. Kennedy, and the Cuban Premier. Castro charged CIA complicity in counterrevolutionary activity against his Government and publicly predicted an imminent US invasion.
In his state of the Union address on 30 January 1961, Kennedy said: "In Latin America, Communist agents seeking to exploit that region's peaceful revolution of hope have established a base on Cuba, only 90 miles from our shores. Our objection with Cuba is not over the people's drive for a better life. Our objection is to their domination by foreign and domestic tyrannies.... President Kennedy said further that " ... Communist domination in this hemisphere can never be negotiated."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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It was a glorious sunny day in London, the kind that reconciles me to my usually grey homeland: so what was I doing entering the dark and fearful portal of the Imperial War Museum? And by the way, shouldn't it be renamed: I thought we lost the Empire?
The day before I'd been watching the tennis at Roland Garros, trying to keep warm in a distinctly cool Paris. At least the weather had improved as I crossed the channel at a very early hour in order to do my duty for AIIC. The museum was the venue for a workshop and is a partner, together with the universities of Reading and Southampton, in a project called Languages at War whose aim is "to open up a new area of academic research which is recognised as important in government and military circles, but which has yet to be studied systematically... at the end of the project conclusions will be drawn on the ways in which the foreign language experiences of participants in invasion/occupation and peacekeeping relate to the language policies of official agencies involved." Not quite the same intentions as our own AIIC project, but still trying to fit the interpreters/translators and their users into a relationship of sorts. In the meantime it seems an awful lot of academic analysis has to be done: "scrabbling after infinity" as one of the papers was titled.
It all started off very well with coffee and biscuits, and I introduced myself, giving a brief outline of our project to the academics, most of whom seemed to think it was an excellent thing for AIIC to be represented, even though one unidentified person from a country just north of the U.S.A. told me in no uncertain terms that we couldn't hope to get recognition as a "neutral" body because we're not, are we?
We heard a keynote speech by Mona Baker which I was sure reflected her book (which I haven't YET read) about the way interpreters and translators are made to fit into war narratives, but don't always since they manage to wriggle into intercultural spaces, trying to protect themselves from identity crises, the insensitivity of foreign powers and their own people, whilst even changing that narrative in the process. In the middle of this, we all had to evacuate the building because of some alert (nobody told us what this was: maybe they were afraid we'd change their narrative...). At least this got us out into the sunshine and I managed to meet a few more people, including Christina Schaffner from Aston university who's very keen for AIIC to be represented at their Critical Link 6 Conference, highlighting public service interpreting, next year.
The rest of the morning's discussion was based on two papers about linguists during the WWII years. As I heard that "the need for specific interpreter training (not to mention the need for interpreters at all...) had been underestimated"; that linguists formed "a group apart" and there were problems of "status" and the "feminisation of the profession"; that military linguists became "stuck in a rut because they couldn't get to officer training courses", and that non-linguists would not place a language in context and were loath to share background information about texts to be translated, it seemed to me that we've not moved on much in the last 60 years.
Already during the morning I'd had a bit of an uncomfortable feeling that I was being psychoanalysed - not personally, of course, but as a representative of practitioners. My very motives, my wriggling in that intercultural space, my place in the actor network theory, my distorting of the narratives, my untrustworthiness, my striving for status and my identity crisis had all been spotted by the academics, who were watching me and my cohort as they do those little white mice. We were running on the wheel and they were waiting for us to fall off, then tell others why we fell and how another kind of wheel should be invented. Or worse - how WE should be reinvented to fit the wheel!
The blow came in the afternoon - softened only by a very tasty little lunch served just outside the meeting room and gulped down in less than half an hour (I hadn't realized that academics are worse than trade-unionists: stachovites to the last).
But before I get to that, let me confess my heart warmed a bit to the last speaker, the man from the ministry: a practitioner like myself, albeit from the "other side of the fence", telling us that career prospects for linguists in the military were not good and indeed the casualty rates were high (well, I wasn't thinking of joining up). Only one person in the whole of the British armed forces had actually been recruited for having language skills despite the fact that 30% of personnel had to be given linguistic training and that a change from the "kinetic" role of the military towards "soft" intervention did require more linguists. Of course he spoke of the difficult question of trust and deployment of local linguists, and even of the difficulties of pooling linguists among the different elements of multinational forces. He truly seemed a bit desperate about the fact that nothing much was being done about future requirements (but we are all aware of what the Brits think about language teaching), not to mention the poor level of English amongst our own recruits. He, however, spoke very well and I was thinking he'd be a good man to invite to one of our meetings; quite jovial, in the way of Tim Washington of Nice fame.
Now I should point out that all through the day the speakers had seemed a little nervous about my presence, often pointing out with a nod in my direction that the translators/interpreters they were talking about were not, at least at the beginning, professionals. So, in the course of the afternoon, someone asked what they should therefore be called: paratranslator seems to exist as a term, but does parainterpreter? (I had visions of myself floating into action under a bright pink parachute). It seems not, though. Linguist was a problem: "What is a linguist?" they asked. So one of the academics who shall remain nameless said she tended towards the use of "language workers" whilst recognising, of course, the perhaps unfortunate connotations.
Yes, there it was, the final blow. But we are, after all, the two oldest professions in the world, and there must be some status in that.
Despite the somewhat frivolous nature of this article, I do think the Languages at War project is interesting and that cooperation between it and our own project could be useful. In the next phase of their project, they are specifically looking for interviewees amongst linguists who worked in Bosnia-Herzegovina in peacekeeping activities. If you did or might be able to put them in touch with someone who did, please contact C.Baker@2rwpmneqa.soton.ac.uk .
Our Interpreters in Conflict Areas group would also be pleased if locally-recruited interpreters from any theatre of war would get in touch with us by writing to l.fitchett@r1efy.aiic.net .
Linda FITCHETT. "Languages at war". aiic-italia.it June 22, 2009. Accessed April 22, 2019. <http://aiic-italia.it/p/3258>.


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nabteb result checker. NABTEB Result Checker | eworld.nabtebnigeria.org. 2018 NABTEB Result Released. NABTEB Result is Out on nabtebnigeria.org [May/June]. National Business and Technical Examinations Board, NABTEB May/June Certificate Examinations result for year 2018 have been released. Follow the procedure below to check you NABTEB result online.
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Here, similarly to an analog clock, time travels along the top to the 3 o'clock position on the right side and then along the bottom and to the 9 o'clock position on the left. The lit up lines point to the actual hour. Digits at the bottom show minutes.


text:
Stanley, Moragne and Cole to represent KU at Tropical Bowl
Kansas quarterback Carter Stanley (9) throws to a receiver during the first quarter on Saturday, Oct. 5, 2019 at Memorial Stadium.
The long and difficult path to a professional football career is taking three former Kansas football players to Florida this weekend, for the SPIRAL Tropical Bowl.
Quarterback Carter Stanley and defensive linemen Codey Cole III and Darrius Moragne will be among the more than 130 prospects participating in the showcase, set to be played Sunday morning at Spec Martin Stadium, in Deland, Fla., in front of NFL scouts and executives.
All three recent KU contributors will play for the American team, coached by Todd Littlejohn.
A 6-foot-2 QB from Vero Beach, Fla., Stanley emerged in 2019 and started every game for the Jayhawks. In his 12 starts, Stanley passed for 2,644 yards, completing 60.9% of his 371 throws, with 24 touchdowns and 11 interceptions.
Nick Krug
Kansas defensive end Darrius Moragne (97) celebrates after sacking West Virginia quarterback Austin Kendall (12) during the second quarter on Saturday, Sept. 21, 2019 at David Booth Kansas Memorial Stadium.
Listed at 6-7 and 294 pounds, Moragne started all 12 games up front for KU's defense this past year. The big defensive end from Holland, Mich., made 39 total tackles and 4.5 tackles for loss.
Cole, a 6-3, 275-pound defensive lineman who is originally from Ypsilanti, Mich., played in all 12 games for KU during his senior year, starting one. Cole, a former junior college player at Butler Community College, totaled 23 tackles and made 2.5 tackles for loss, while also forcing one fumble during the 2019 season.
The Tropical Bowl is scheduled for a 9 a.m. kickoff, and a live video stream is available through FloSports, with a subscription.
At the 2019 Tropical Bowl, two Jayhawks stood out, as offensive lineman Dwayne Wallace was named the Overall Lineman MVP, and Ryan Schadler took home the award for Overall Special Teams MVP.
These former KU players have participated in past Tropical Bowls, which is now in its fifth year of existence: defensive end Damani Mosby, cornerback Marnez Ogletree, safety Tevin Shaw, offensive lineman Jayson Rhodes, running back De'Andre Mann, tight end Mavin Saunders, linebacker Brian Lipscomb, Wallace and Schadler.
Schadler, Wallace, Lipscomb and Saunders to represent KU at Tropical Bowl
Notebook: Daniel Wise invited to NFL Scouting Combine
Former KU receiver Ryan Schadler, other Jayhawks attend Chiefs' local pro day


Cisco this week announced a new Linux powered router, the Linksys by Cisco Wireless-N Broadband Router with Storage Link (WRT160NL). The new model complements the existing Linksys by Cisco consumer router line-up and is essentially the next generation of the popular WRT54GL. The design of the product is similar to other Linksys by Cisco N-routers, but has integrated connectors for external antennae. Consumers that prefer external aerials can now enjoy the new Linksys by Cisco router design because of the integrated R-SMA antenna connectors. The integrated Storage Link functionality lets consumers connect their USB storage device to the router to create a powerful media sharing solution that enables video, photo and music sharing through the integrated media server.
The Storage Link port lets users connect USB storage devices to the router. Music, video, or data files can be made available in the network through the built-in media server. The media server can stream to PCs or UPnP AV digital media adapters. The integrated Storage Link port supports FAT16, FAT32 and NTFS file systems in both read and write mode.
Although most Linksys by Cisco router feature internal antennae the WRT160NL has external antennae. The two R-SMA antenna connectors are designed to allow tech savvy users to be more flexible in their antennae choice and placement.
The new Linksys by Cisco product packaging provides more than 40% reduction in waste materials compared to the previously offered packaging. The size of the boxes is reduced, internal packaging is transitioning to more recyclable material, the use of plastic bags is being eliminated where possible and all packaging and internal documents are printed on paper that is made from 80% recycled content and vegetable and soy inks are being used.
The Wireless-N Broadband Router with Storage Link is shipped with Linksys EasyLink Advisor (LELA). LELA helps consumers to get their network up and running and helps keep their network updated and secure. The included set-up CD is compatible with both Macintosh and Windows computers.
"In the past we have had many successful Linux powered devices with the WRT54GL and NSLU2 being great examples. The WRT160NL is the logical next step combining Linux, 802.11n technology and USB storage functionality. We see the WRT160NL as a possible successor of our WRT54GL as the market transitions to 802.11n – but then with storage functionality on top of that," said Aaron Marinari, senior product manager, Cisco Consumer Business Group.
The Linksys by Cisco Wireless-N Broadband Router with Storage Link is available from authorized Linksys by Cisco retailers, resellers, and VAR partners. MSRP: $119.99.
Read Cisco's news feature on the media-enabled home.
Learn more about consumer products for a media-enabled home at www.linksysbycisco.com and www.linksysbycisco.com/forums.
Become a Facebook fan of Cisco "LinksysbyCisco" and "Digital Cribs" and invite your friends to join the conversation.


text:
Campbell Blames Trump For Bad Business: Why Just Blaming Government Is Bad Business
Campbell Soup Chief Financial Officer Anthony DiSilvestro has attempted to capitalize on anti-Trump sentiments and pro-free trade push back against the Trump Administration's steel and aluminum tariffs after it announced "unacceptable results." Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross rejected DiSilvestro's assertion. Ross pointed out the fact there is about 2.6 cents in a soup can, so a 25% increase in steel prices would translate into a 0.6 cent increase on a item that costs around $1.99. Although some might argue there are variations in the cost of Campbell's products, which means a 0.6 could cut deeper into Campbell's profit than what might be expected, and there might be multiplier effects from the steel tariff, it would appear Campbell's representative was simply deflecting blame for the company's poor performance onto government. Such a political move may seem like a minor deal, but it is common and harmful to government and business.
Where most anti-Trump and pro-free trade factions are inclined to side with Campbell's arguments, while Trump supporters are inclined to side with whatever the Administration asserts, a basic analysis of Cambpell's performance suggests tariffs have had and are going to have a minor impact on Campbell's profits. Given increases in shipping costs are a major driver of unexpected cost increases, with fuel prices expected to rise, Trump's tariff may even encourage Campbell and other companies to streamline their logistics and source more locally, which are healthier practices in the long-term for the economy and these businesses. Pressure from major retailers, including Wal-Mart, to lower prices have also squeezed Campbell's earnings. Because costs grow exponentially, i.e. a small company make a dollar for every two dollars spent while a larger company may make a cent for every dollar spent, shrinking profit margins are alarming, but Campbell is still a profitable business, but not as profitable as it expected to be.
The announcement of CEO Denise Morrison, which came just before the earnings releases, certainly does more to justify a perceived political motivation on behalf of DiSilvestro. Recognizing Campbell is struggling due to losses associated with its Campbell Fresh division, which can be attributed to a lack of consumer demand and issues with carrot sourcing, it would seem Campbell is truly just trying to blame the Trump Administration for something it had nothing to do with. The practice of obsessing over quarterly results and expecting perpetual profit grow is, unfortunately, a major issue that leads businesses to often make ill-advised, short-term decisions that hurt their long-term viability and profitability. Simply buying acquisitions without a solid vision for the future of the overall company and the potential for losses in a division is also a bad business practice. Tech giant Yahoo succumbed to the very same mismanagement style espoused by Morrison under the leadership of Marissa Mayer.
With that in mind, government did play a role in Campbell's missed earnings reports. The Saudi-Russia oil deal is, after all, helping to prop up energy prices while the Fed's decision to raise interest rates resulted in increased interests costs. It is clear that Campbell is suffering from the randomness of nature, poor business decisions on the behalf of its leadership, and, yes, government policies that are harmful to businesses. The Fed's moves to increase interest rates are, however, probably the most sound policy decisions when it comes to promoting the overall health of the economy. From the perspective of those who believe the US needs to rebalance trade relationships, Trump's tariffs may well be sound economic policy. Simply because a particular set of policies hurt a major business or industry does not mean those policies represent bad government.
All people and businesses that feel government action is causing them harm should voice their views. Stoking anti-government sentiments to simply distract investors and customers from the fundamental issues driving a company's lackluster performance and one's own bad decisions only serves to elicit emotional backlash against public policies. Government suffers enough from the dysfunction caused by special interests legislation. Stirring up controversy to simply avoid taking responsibility for one's mismanagement of a business only makes it harder to foster proper government, which hurts everyone and every business. When healthcare providers, insurance companies, and employer sponsors of health insurance, for example, used Obamacare as an excuse to justify their resistance to change, price increases, and reduced coverage, they only managed to create greater confusion and economic issues that undermined constructive changes to America's healthcare system.
Furthermore, individuals and companies, which use policy changes as smokescreens demonstrate an inability to take responsibility and to confront issues with problem solving. Someone who avoids responsibility cannot, after all, be an effective or respected manager and leader. Simply blaming governments also sows animosity between public officials and business leaders, which makes it harder for socially responsible businesses to have a constructive impact on public policies. Both business and government work on relationships, so bad relationships tend to lead to bad business and bad government. Blaming government, especially when government is not to blame and government policies are supported by key demographics, also creates PR liabilities and the prospects of major blowback. Consequently, it is better to simply avoiding blaming government or anyone else when it comes to poor business performance, even if policy shifts are responsible. Such impacts should be addressed without vilifying government.


Cape Town-based architectural practice SAOTA has designed the OVD 919 project. Completed in 2014, the luxury home is located in Cape Town. The property's architecture draws strength from the concrete finish used to create monumental forms which contrast the copper roof.
Warsaw-based architectural practice AEC Krymow & Partners Architects has designed the Pomeranian Science and Technology Park project. Completed in 2015, the new park is located in Gdynia, Poland.
The world's most celebrated Japanese restaurant, Nobu, has opened its doors in Qatar, Doha, more than four years later than originally planned.
Grace Santorini is an exclusive boutique hotel in Santorini, Greece, perched high above the world-famous Caldera with breathtaking views spectacular sunsets.


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Anyone running an e-commerce site knows the challenge of finding a good merchant gateway; one that provides an efficient checkout process, a quick transfer of funds, and the ability to plug it easily into your website without the need for lengthy code or expensive developers.
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A secure socket layer is required for Authorize.net to process transactions directly on your website. SSL certs are obtained through most hosting providers at the cost of about $50 – $75 per year per domain. That means if you own www.example.com and your store exists on www.example.com/store, just one SSL will cover that domain and any folders underneath it.
This area is where you will take care of most basic settings for the plugin. It sets the stage for how products are charged, which, in turn, tells Authorize.net how to charge the customer.
Tax Rate – This is the general tax rate for your state. This information is typically obtained from your state sales tax office, board of equalization, or similar taxing authority.
You may live in a state which has different tax rates for different municipalities. For instance, California has nearly 1,800 different local tax rates which must be taken into account when selling merchandise online. These local tax rates are entered into the product page editing screen, not here in the General Settings tax page.
Apply Tax to Shipping Fees – If you charge taxes on shipping fees, MarketPress gives you the option to have the plugin calculate these charges for you, automatically based, in part, on the tax rate you entered in the previous setting.
Enter Prices Inclusive of Tax – This will alter how the shopping cart and checkout area show your customer's total price, shipping, and tax rates. In some municipalities, there are rules on how you can display this information to customers. Check with your local taxing authority for details. If you're not sure what to enter here, leave the check box blank and it will break out the shopping cart line by line – a method easy-to-read for your customers.
At the chance of stating the obvious, you must have an active product to sell, which can be added to the cart and paid for at checkout.
This is done through the Products or Create New sections of the MarketPress settings areas.
In the Payments tab of the MarketPress settings when you check the box for "Authorize.net AIM Checkout" additional drop-down options will appear.
General Settings for Authorize.net in MarketPress plugin.
Here, you have two choices – sandbox or live. This setting should match what you have chosen inside your authorize.net account settings, except in Authorize.net the terms are live or test mode. Live corresponds to Live here in Marketpress, and Test Mode corresponds to Sandbox here in MarketPress.
Sandbox allows you to test transactions without actually running real purchases.
You get your login id and transaction key directly from authorize.net. You can click on the "instructions" link to find out how to get those two strings. Basically, you need to find the section titled "API Login ID and Transaction Key" inside your Authorize.net account, and create a new API key if you do not already have one. You may need to answer your security question to access that area of Authorize.
Armed with the new API information, plug those two strings into the appropriate MarketPress settings area marked in the image above.
You can opt to send an email to your customer on success – letting them know the transaction has completed, and to secure your transaction with an MD5 hash – though these settings are purely optional and provided for your convenience, more so than to confirm gateway settings.
With these simple settings in place you can use MarketPress with the very popular Authorize.net gateway and allow checkout directly on your site.


text:
2. Feldhockey-Bundesliga 2013/14 steht für:
 2. Feldhockey-Bundesliga 2013/14 (Damen)
 2. Feldhockey-Bundesliga 2013/14 (Herren)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
A post shared by Lume Deodorant (@lumedeodorant) on Apr 4, 2020 at 6:01am PDT
https://texaschainsawcarver.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/chainsaw.mp3
Rob's Creations is located in the heart of Irving, Texas. We create wonderful works of art out of recycled logs and in ground stumps. Your imagination is the limit. We never harm living trees. All of our material is composed of logs left behind from Texas storms and trees that are cut down and thrown to the curb.
Along with countless requests for carvings and special appearances, some of Rob's recent clients are Irving Cares Food Bank, Lindamood Demolition, Executive Consultants of Plano, City Of Irving as featured in Dallas Morning News, and several pieces of Rob's Creations were recently donated to the Camp Wisdom camp ground for the Boys Scouts of America. Rob's Creations has been recognized by the Irving Rambler and his chainsaw carvings have been featured on Azteca Texas News in Dallas/Ft. Worth. His clients include Dickies work wear and Lume Deodorant.
Rob's Creations uses everything from oak wood to red cedar to whatever we can get our hands on. You will never know what you get until it's finished, because every wood is unique in its grain and that makes it much more beautiful.
Rob is available for carving demonstrations and entertainment for festivals, grand openings and citywide events. Past appearances include, City of Irving Arbor Days, City of Allen Arbor Days, City of Grand Prairie Main Street event, City of Fulton Oyster Festival, City of Clifton Fall Fest, City of Plano Christmas Market, Westlake Ace Hardware Grand Opening, Shades of Green Nursery Customer Appreciation Day, and Graham Southern States Chainsaw Carving Championship.
Contact Rob at 214-803-4984 to book a unique entertainment experience for your next next festival or event.
Now serving:
Dallas, Plano, Irving, Fort Worth, Arlington, Grapevine, Carrollton, McKinney, Denton, Frisco, Southlake, Colleyville, Allen, Rockwall, Duncanville, Rowlett, Burleson, Crowley, Joshua, Mesquite, Balch Springs, Waxahachie, Ennis, Mansfield, Cleburne, Farmers Branch, Keller, Prosper, Aubrey, Decatur, The Colony, Garland, University Park, North Richland Hills, Red Oak, Gun Barrel City, Midlothian, Forest Hill, Ben Brook, Granbury, Corinth, Denton, Wylie, Lewisville, Seagoville, Hillsboro, Bridgeport, Desoto, Royse City, Greenville, Terrell, San Antonio, Atascosa, Bandera, Bexar, Guadalupe, Kendall, Medina, Wilson, Bell, Blanco, Burnet, Comal, Coryell, Crockett, Edwards, Gillespie, Hays, Kendall, Kerr, Kimble, Lampasas, Llano, Mason, McCulloch, Menard, Real, San Saba, Schleicher, Sutton, Travis, Val Verde, Williamson, Canadian and Rogers Oklahoma.
Also serving: Anderson County, Andrews County, Angelina County, Aransas County, Archer County, Armstrong County, Atascosa County, Austin County, Bailey County, Bandera County, Bastrop County, Baylor County, Bee County, Bell County, Bexar County, Blanco County, Borden County, Bosque County, Bowie County, Brazoria County, Brazos County, Brewster County, Briscoe County, Brooks County, Brown County, Burleson County, Burnet County, Caldwell County, Calhoun County, Callahan County, Cameron County, Camp County, Canyon Lake, Carson County, Cass County, Castro County, Chambers County, Cherokee County, Childress County, Cibolo, Clay County, Cochran County, Coke County, Coleman County, Collin County, Collingsworth County, Colorado County, Comal County, Comanche County, Concho County, Converse, Cooke County, Coryell County, Cottle County, Crane County, Crockett County, Crosby County, Culberson County, Dallam County, Dallas County, Dawson County, Deaf Smith County, Delta County, Denton County, DeWitt County, Dickens County, Dimmit County, Donley County, Duval County, Eastland County, Ector County, Edwards County, El Paso County, Ellis County, Erath County, Falls County, Fannin County, Fayette County, Fischer, Fisher County, Floyd County, Foard County, Fort Bend County, Franklin County, Freestone County, Frio County, Gaines County, Galveston County, Garza County, Geronimo, Gillespie County, Glasscock County, Goliad County, Gonzales County, Gray County, Grayson County, Gregg County, Grimes County, Guadalupe County, Hale County, Hall County, Hamilton County, Hansford County, Hardeman County, Hardin County, Harris County, Harrison County, Hartley County, Haskell County, Hays County, Hemphill County, Henderson County, Hidalgo County, Hill County, Hockley County, Hood County, Hopkins County, Houston County, Howard County, Hudspeth County, Hunt County, Hutchinson County, Irion County, Jack County, Jackson County, Jasper County, Jeff Davis County, Jefferson County, Jim Hogg County, Jim Wells County, Johnson County, Jones County, Karnes County, Kaufman County, Kendall County, Kenedy County, Kent County, Kerr County, Kimble County, King County, Kinney County, Kleberg County, Knox County, Kyle, La Salle County, Lamar County, Lamb County, Lampasas County, Lavaca County, Lee County, Leon County, Liberty County, Limestone County, Lipscomb County, Live Oak County, Llano County, Loving County, Lubbock County, Lynn County, Madison County, Marion, Marion County, Martin County, Martindale, Mason County, Matagorda County, Maverick County, Maxwell, McCulloch County, McLennan County, McMullen County, Mc Queeney, Medina County, Menard County, Milam County, Mills County, Mitchell County, Montague County, Montgomery County, Moore County, Morris County, Motley County, Nacogdoches County, Navarro County, Newton County, Nolan County, Nueces County, Ochiltree County, Oldham County, Orange County, Palo Pinto County, Panola County, Parker County, Parmer County, Pecos County, Polk County, Potter County, Presidio County, Rains County, Randall County, Randolph, Reagan County, Real County, Red River County, Reeves County, Refugio County, Roberts County, Robertson County, Rockwall County, Runnels County, Rusk County, Sabine County, Saint Hedwig, San Augustine County, San Jacinto County, San Marcos, San Patricio County, San Saba County, Schleicher County, Scurry County, Seguin, Shackelford County, Shelby County, Sherman County, Smith County, Somervell County, Staples, Starr County, Stephens County, Sterling County, Stonewall County, Sutton County, Swisher County, Tarrant County, Taylor County, Terrell County, Terry County, Throckmorton County, Titus County, Tom Green County, Travis County, Trinity County, Tyler County, Universal City, Upshur County, Upton County, Uvalde County, Val Verde County, Van Zandt County, Victoria County, Walker County, Waller County, Ward County, Washington County, Webb County, Wharton County, Wheeler County, Wichita County, Wilbarger County, Willacy County, Williamson County, Wilson County, Winkler County, Wise County, Wood County, Woodcreek, Yoakum County, Young County, Zapata County, Zavala County
Remember to follow us on Pinterest and check us out for new uploads on the Rob's Creations YouTube channel. Visit here often as we add new content, and be sure to check the Upcoming Events section on the Home page for special appearances by Rob's Creations in your area.
© 2022 Rob's Creations
M-F: 9:30am – 5pm.
Sat-Sun: Open for free quotes and inventory pieces.


You get a grant, you get a grant, you get a grant.
Develop new methodology: These projects develop innovative methods to improve the transparency and credibility of research findings.
Produce new meta-analysis: These projects study researcher norms and strategies to promote the practice of open science.
Study research culture and the adoption of new methods: These projects study researcher norms and strategies to promote the practice of open science.
You can find our official announcement with a list of the 2016 winners here.
Each of the projects has created a project page on the Open Science Framework (OSF) and is required to share their research there. This hub page on the OSF links to all of the individual projects from both 2015 and 2016.
General information on the grants and the RFP can be found here.


Garage Door Repair Services In Philadelphia PA | Free Quote !
Garage doors are one of the most taken for granted home appliances, with so many moving parts the amount of things that can go wrong with the garage door are endless. Philadelphia Garage Doors has been in business now for over ten years and in that time we have seen it all and have yet to come across a garage door repair Philadelphia Garage Doors cannot take care of. From broken springs, malfunctioning openers, bent panels or broken cables our garage door repair Philadelphia technician can fix it all. All of our Philadelphia Garage Door repair experts are fully licensed, insured and always offer a full service warranty on all the garage door repair work they complete. Philadelphia Garage Doors' technicians are also equipped with their own mobile service unit filled to the brim with all the needed tools and parts to take care of whatever garage door repair you are in need of. So when you are in need of garage door repair, Philadelphia Garage Doors will never make you feel that you need to question the level of service you will receive.
Philadelphia Garage Doors can handle a wide variety of repair services for your garage doors.
The garage door, just like any other object with moving parts, needs to be maintained properly. Failure to do so can result in garage door issues. Our Philadelphia Garage Doors technicians not only provide the best garage door repair Philadelphia work but they always educate all of our customers on the proper way to care for their garage door or garage door openers. Seeing how most garage doors weigh close to three hundred pounds it is very important to keep them running as smoothly as possible, having a garage door come crashing down on top of you can be deadly.
Small issues with your garage door can manifest themselves into issues which can cost thousands of dollars to replace. Having garage door repair by Philadelphia Garage Doors can help to prevent this from happening, since our technicians are able to get your garage door back to fully functioning capability. Some weekend warriors may try to repair their own garage door springs, however we recommend that without any previous garage door repair experience that you have professional garage door repair Philadelphia by one of our technicians. Without having previous garage door maintenance experience, you can cause not only damage to your expensive door, but also bodily harm to yourself. This goes without mentioning the potential risk to your valuables that are inside of the garage. If you use the garage to store your vehicle then it is extremely pertinent that you have garage door repair Philadelphia completed as soon as an issue presents itself, or you will end up paying dearly in the long run.
If you have been ignoring the screeching noise coming from your opener or noticed that it has become increasingly harder to open or close your garage door, the time is now to have garage door repair Philadelphia by our technician. Whether you are in need of garage door spring repair, garage door opener repair, panel replacement or any type of garage door repair Philadelphia Garage Doors is here 24 hours-a-day, 7 days-a-week ready to come right out to your location and provide you with our award winning garage door service. Give our friendly Philadelphia Garage Door customer service representatives a call right away to get your garage door repair service taken care of. Our professional garage door repair Philadelphia technician is more than willing to work with your needs and budget to get you the garage door that you need for your home or business. Special discounts are available, ask our technicians about which discounts you may be eligible for. You can also ask our professional about all of the helpful garage door tips that he has to provide for you; whether it is making the most out of your limited space, or increasing the lifetime of your garage door opener our technician will be able to provide you with the helpful tips that let you get the most out of your garage or overhead door. Call today to schedule your estimate or to request emergency garage door repair. Our garage door technician can be on scene within a half hour to have you garage door repair Philadelphia completed and have you back to your day.


text:
India's premier replaces trade minister
The Financial Times, May 29, 2009
Kamal Nath, India's high profile trade negotiator, has been replaced as the country's commerce and industry minister and removed from the international policy circuit as the ruling United Progressive Alliance cements its team for a new term in office.
Manmohan Singh, India's prime minister, has handed the commerce portfolio to Anand Sharma, a former minister of state in the foreign ministry. Mr Nath, meanwhile, has been shifted to the road transport and highways ministry, a less glamorous portfolio.
While upgrading India's outdated transport systems is considered a top priority for India's fast growing economy and badly in need of more private funding, some commentators read into Mr Nath's appointment the displeasure of Mr Singh and Sonia Gandhi, the president of the ruling Congress party.
Mr Nath is well known for the uncompromising stance he took in the World Trade Organisation's Doha round of talks. He successfully rallied developing countries in opposition to the US and, more politician than technocrat, enjoyed the international spotlight.
Some even blame Mr Nath for the failure of the talks last July. He had championed deeper cuts in US farm subsidies and more leeway for poor economies to protect their farmers with import tariffs.
Rajan Bharti Mittal, the managing director of Bharti Enterprises, said Mr Nath was not viewed as a deal-breaker locally but rather someone who had defended Indian industry and agriculture from pressure by the US.
Pradeep Mehta, of the Consumer Unity and Trust Society, a think-tank based in Jaipur, said Mr Nath, 62, was keen to broaden his government experience with an infrastructure portfolio having served in the textile, environment and latterly the commerce ministries.
"He had been hoping for a more powerful ministry and the ministry that he's got has been cut in half. Shipping used to be part of it," Mr Mehta said.
Mr Nath, who inherits a portfolio neglected by his predecessor TR Baalu, a Tamil Nadu politician, played down any suggestion of disappointment. "I was never disappointed…I have said that I want something which has a domestic component. And that is it. This is a big challenge and I am happy about it," he told reporters.
http://www.ft.com/


This former Jesuit college in the Prague Old Town is the second largest building complex in the city, after the Prague Castle. It is spread over five courtyards and includes the St Salvator Church, St Clements Church, the Italian Chapel, the Mirror Chapel and other places. Clementinum used to be the educational center of the city, but also a symbol of catholic oppression in the country since the 17 th century.
Various legends are connected with this residence of the Jesuit order, and dramatic scenes took place in the area – such as burning about 30 000 "heretical" books on one of the courtyards, organized by the Jesuit Antonin Konias at the time of culminating counter-reformation.
The Jesuits were invited to Prague by the Emperor Ferdinand I. in 1556. They soon established their own Catholic University as a counterbalance to the Protestant Charles University. In 1653 they started to build their residence Clementinum, which was finished in the 18 th century. After the victory of the Catholic troops at the White Mountain in Prague in 1620, the Jesuits also took over the Charles University.
The Enlightenment reformist Emperor Joseph II. forced them to leave Prague in 1773. It is said, that they have left their enormous treasure hidden somewhere in the Clementinum, because they believed they will come back soon. The legend says, that they woke up a poor bricklayer in the night, took him blindfolded to Clementinum and paid him to wall up a place, where they put the treasure. On the way back, the bricklayer heard clearly the clock of the Clementinum strike. He came back later, but never found the place again.
After the Jesuits have left, the Clementinum became an archi-episcopal seminary and a library. It remained a seat of two University faculties and there was a centre of the student rebels in 1848.
In the 20 th century, the Clementinum became an area of the National Library in Prague and the Technical Library. There is a collection of about 5 million books, the oldest of them are from the 14 th century. There are some valuable documents of the Slavonic history.
Inside the building complex, there are historical rooms such as the former Jesuit Library, the Mozart Hall with some of the Mozart´s manuscripts, and the Mathematical Hall with the valuable astronomical clock.
There is a meteorological observatory in the Clementinum, which studies the climate continually since the 18 th century. The regular precipitation measuring takes place there since 1804, it is one of the oldest precipitation measuring in the Central Europe.
The statue in the first courtyard commemorates Prague students defending Prague against the siege of the Swedish army in 1648.


Exacter, Inc. uses patented technology to assess distribution overhead networks and locate RFI emission sources that interfere with Smart Grid communication networks. Exacter technology locates emissions from deteriorated equipment and provides GPS locations and photographs of specific equipment that should be replaced to maintain reliability and eliminate RF emissions.
In a period of weeks, every inch of your overhead can be surveyed. The resulting data is analyzed and field teams are dispatched to specific locations to verify line interference and identify the source. Reports are then submitted to you showing pole number and a photograph of the specific equipment causing the problem. This report is everything you need to issue work orders for corrective action.
Finally, after corrective measures have been taken, the Exacter Field Team is dispatched again for a follow-up survey to verify if the interference has been eliminated. A final assessment assures reliable operations and data connectivity.
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text:
Q: How can I send list from view to controller (ASP.NET MVC)? I want to make export file using
ActionResult Download(List<UserProjectPercentReportViewModel> percentsByProjectsAndUsers)

method. But I can not pass a parameter. I try to send it like this:

<input type="button" onclick="location.href='@Url.Action("Download",new { percentsByProjectsAndUsers=Model})'"
                          class="btn btn-info" value="Export" />

But I get percentsByProjectsAndUsers.Count() == 0 in my method.
When I tried to send just string, it works, but I need to pass a List<>.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Shrinking Cities are an increasing international, 'end of era' phenomenon. Over recent decades, globalization has been concentrating resources, key infrastructure and intellectual assets in 'global cities', which act as magnets for population and skills. The gradual shift towards a new global economic order has resulted in a new system of global production, manufacturing, distribution and consumption that has led to new urban forms made possible by the logistic and new technology revolution. Simultaneously, other towns, cities and entire regions are experiencing the outflow of capital and human resources, and are suffering from a lack of entrepreneurship and low levels of innovation and intellectual engagement. Cities whose development were based on a single industry, or on the concentration of an activity in a single sector, have been particularly affected by these globalization processes and, as a result of increasing competition on an ever-wider scale, certain cities are losing out. The development and decline of cities and city centres have, since the Chicago School of Urban Sociology, been viewed as a natural process whereby urban change results from a lifecycle that ends in inevitable decline.(IJURR – Shrinking Cities : urban challenges of Globalization).
There are currently about 7.1 billion people living on the planet. In 2009, the number of people living in urban areas (3.42 billion) surpassed the number living in rural areas (3.41 billion) and since then the world has become more urban than rural. This is currently the first time ever that the majority of the world's population lives in a city. Cities are continuing to attract residents, though some continue to lose residents at varying rates, such as Detroit, Michigan and Cleveland, Ohio. Global cities theory forecasts the urban "winners" and "losers": the winners being those cities with agglomerated financial and specialized services and the losers being those with outdated industrial infrastructure and manufacturing economies.
With the increasing twin phenomenon of urbanization and globalization, cities will face this issue of shrinking population and economy at more frequent rate. The city authorities have to work in such a way that it provides zeal and liveliness to its inhabitants and not just for the purpose of earning and survival.
For instance, Delhi is being developed at a rapid pace and that too in all directions. There has been a lot of public and private investment in the last few decades in the city developments. But, if the city fails to provide in with the living values, a human being deserves, the population will slowly start vacating their place of inhabitation over a period of time, say the next generation and the population will start shrinking. It has many aspects related with it. Firstly, the level of opportunities and the quality of life of the other cities play an important role in the whole process. For instance, if Jaipur or say Lucknow starts providing fair amount of opportunities and facilities plus the quality of life is also better comparatively, then the population living in Delhi will have an option to go with. Secondly, level of awareness amongst the population also plays a significant role in the entire phenomenon. If they really don't know or care about the quality of life they live in, then they will continue doing so. There are many other factors related with it as well.
The disappearance of skills, knowledge and innovation as those more able leave for the more prosperous cities acts as a silent killer and the local knowledge base which was responsible for innovations in science and technology starts becoming unknown. This has been a phenomenon happening especially in the developing nation's population and the respective governments and authorities have to start looking into the matter deeply.
The precautions which can be taken to curb out its effect – the vision has to be long and distributed well among the factors involved in the planning and development of the urban settlements. One has to look within the disciplines to create this vision a success. For instance, hyping a specific city and over burdening its entire system – as in case of Delhi should be carefully looked within. The self-sustenance of the cities should be discussed widely. Shrinking cities have their economic cost and it affects the nation's economy at large.
Excellent post. It also needs some vision on the part of our leaders to plan these. If the Govt takes some steps i am sure our cities will rival those in the west!
City and Political leaders in this aspect play a very significant role as they act as the guiding lamp to the whole process of development. No state/nation can prosper in real sense without their leaders/authorities understanding the process at a wider aspect looking at the ever increasing complexities of the urban settlements. The situation and issues of the developing world in this context are far more different then are perceived parallel with the urbanization process of the developed world generally.
With reference ti Delhi,his observation is more appropriate.At the end he mentioned about awareness and/opportunities which will force the people migrate.The classic example is IT boom and realty boom in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. most of the semi and unskilled laborers from north and north west migrated to south India as a whole.The backward states with better telecommunication spread the news and people migrate.However in Indian context the elders stay put in their villages and do farming.


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text:
The SAN Jodel D.140 Mousquetaire (Musketeer) is a French five-seat light touring monoplane based on the earlier Jodel D.117 and built by Société Aéronautique Normande (SAN) at Bernay.

Development
SAN had been producing the earlier Jodel D.117 under licence from which it then developed the larger 4 to 5-seat D.140. The prototype D.140 registration F-BIZE first flew on 4 July 1958. Early versions had a low triangular-shaped fin and rudder.

The final version was a glider tug variant the D.140R Abeille. Both the D.140E and D.140R were ordered by the French Air Force. As well as 243 factory-built aircraft more than 20 have been homebuilt from plans. The type was flown by aero clubs and private owners and remains in use in 2014.

Plans remained available in 2015.

Variants

D.140 Mousquetaire
Prototype powered by a 180hp Lycoming O-360 engine, one built.
D.140A Mousquetaire
Production variant with cabin ventilation, 45 built.
D.140B Mousquetaire II
Improved variant with better brakes, new engine cowling and better ventilation, 56 built.
D.140C Mousquetaire III
A D.140B with an enlarged swept tail, 70 built.
D.140E Mousquetaire IV
A D.140C with a further enlarged tail, modified ailerons and an all flying elevator/tailplane, 43 built.
D.140R Abeille
Glider towing variant with cut-down rear fuselage, new high vision canopy, 28 built first flown in 1965.

Operators

French Air and Space Force

Specifications (D.140)

References

Notes

Bibliography

1950s French civil utility aircraft
Mousquetaire
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Jodel aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1958
Conventional landing gear


text:
Independent forest monitoring in Congo: A governance tool at risk?
Article available in:
In the Republic of the Congo (RoC), the forestry sector continues to face governance challenges. Authorities often struggle to enforce laws and sanction illegal logging practices, and corruption remains omnipresent. Civil society is deeply invested in initiatives to stop forest destruction and to halt infractions of forest regulations, including through Independent Forest Monitoring (IFM). This rapidly evolving tool is bringing a new level of clarity to goings-on in the forest sector.
But the doubts expressed by the European Commission regarding the future of Forest Law Enforcement Governance and Trade Voluntary Partnership Agreements (FLEGT VPAs) are causing great concern among civil society organizations (CSOs). They fear that, despite the progress that has been made, abandoning the VPAs by putting an arbitrary cut-off date on FLEGT licences would undermine the transparency and stakeholder participation efforts that allow IFM to exist. There is a real risk that hard-won progress in the fight against illegal logging will collapse.
In the RoC, as elsewhere (see CAR), three types of IFM activities are working in tandem.
IFM mandated by the state and included in the new Forest Code adopted in 2020, consists of an official agreement between the forestry administration and civil society through which the Cercle pour l'Appui à la Gestion Durable des Forêts (CAGDF) carries out joint inspection missions in the field. Beyond these missions, CAGDF has assisted forest authorities with invaluable technical support, tallying unpaid forest taxes and fines, thus boosting the collection of millions of euros in revenue owed to the state that would otherwise have fallen through the cracks. As is typical, however, mandated monitors are too few to cover the entire national territory.
Fortunately, non-mandated – 'external' – IFM is rapidly developing. Under the coordination of the Comptoir Juridique Junior (CJJ), a consortium of national organisations was created with the financial support of the Delegation of the EU in RoC. The consortium carries out autonomous IFM missions, submitting reports of illegalities observed to the Forest Administration afterward. Through an EU funded project, the consortium is setting up a national version of the Système Normalisé d'Observation Indépendante Externe (SNOIE) pioneered by Cameroonian organisation FODER to standardise the various external IFM methods; SNOIE-Cameroon's reliability has been certified by the International Standardization Organization (ISO 9001:2015), a global first for an advocacy group.
Lilian Barros, of CJJ, explains that FODER is training eight Congolese CSOs in the distinct disciplines on which external IFM relies1. FODER is helping prepare the internal audit needed for certification of SNOIE-Congo under ISO 9001:2015.
CJJ works with local communities and Indigenous Peoples in the forested regions of Lékoumou and Likouala to set up a community watch system, helping them to identify forest infractions, use ForestLink technology to send alerts about suspected forest illegality and violations of rights in real time, and to mount legal action as needed.
"Even in its infancy, community watch is an important link in the IFM chain, and their efforts have already yielded results within the framework of other civil society projects including the Forest Governance, Markets and Climate project funded by the UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office," says Nina Cynthia Kiyindou Yombo, of the Observatoire Congolais des Droits de l'Homme (OCDH). "A local community in the village of Missama, in the Lékoumou area, noted illegal logging by an agricultural company, denounced it to the forest administration, and seized the company's equipment. The administration backed the community's actions, seizing the fraudulently cut wood. The land administration cancelled the authorisation for express occupation of the public domain."
In contrast to its Congo Basin neighbours, IFM in RoC has a strong legal foundation: it is integrated in the new Forest Code, a profound achievement. That alone does not provide complete protection, however: the decrees necessary to define the application of IFM are still being developed.
Putting it all at risk?
"IFM is possible thanks to the specific achievements of the VPA: the obligation of transparency through the list of information that must be made public, as well as participation and consideration of the rights of local and Indigenous communities – but also the structures that have been put in place to strengthen forest control," says Kiyindou. "Broader regulatory reforms currently underway in RoC's forest sector would also certainly suffer if the VPA were abandoned as proposed by the European Commission in its FLEGT Fitness Check."
In addition to the profound changes in governance that it has set in motion, part of FLEGT's power lies in its over-arching message. "In matters of enforcement and recognition of rights, the VPA is a model for other processes – for example the Central African Forest Initiative (CAFI), which placed participation and inclusion at the heart of its priorities. Stripping RoC of the VPA would be catastrophic for IFM, but also for all these efforts to see this symbolic reference fall," she says.
Congolese civil society hope the Commission will 'let the VPA live', even if a new tool, distinct from FLEGT, could be designed to address issues that the VPA does not, such as climate change. That the Commission could consider throwing it all away because FLEGT licences have not yet been delivered appears unjustified. CSOs suggests another approach, "The absence of a FLEGT licence should not be a matter of contention, but should rather encourage stakeholders to rethink the process in order to remove the remaining obstacles."
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1 Namely, coordination (CJJ), independent monitoring (CIRECK, ACNL, EJID, CABS), verification of IFM (OCDH, FGDH), communication and lobbying (ODDHC)
Categories: Forest Governance, The Republic of Congo


text:
HomeOpinionA step toward long-delayed justice for missing, murdered Indigenous people
A step toward long-delayed justice for missing, murdered Indigenous people
When Native American women and girls disappear, they do so three times — in life, in the media and in data. That sad reality, chronicled by the Seattle-based Urban Indian Health Institute and others in recent years, deserves far more attention in our region and state. A new Washington task force is off to a promising start.
In its first report the Washington State Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and People Task Force recommends 10 steps that Gov. Jay Inslee and the Legislature should take to help bring an end to generations of inattention and mistreatment by law enforcement and the criminal justice system.
Foremost among the recommendations is creation of a fully funded cold case unit dedicated to missing and murdered Indigenous women and people. State Attorney General Bob Ferguson, whose office would oversee the unit, has already endorsed the proposal.
Murder is the third-leading cause of death for American Indian and Alaska Native women and girls ages 15 to 24, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The murder rate is almost three times that of white women, according to a 2017 study, and in some U.S. counties, it's more than 10 times the national average.
Yet reports of missing American Indian and Alaska Native women and girls aren't tracked carefully and garner far less notice than other cases that periodically dominate the national news. In 2016, the National Crime Information Center recorded 5,712 reports of missing Indigenous women and girls in the United States, but the federal missing persons database showed only 116 such cases.
"Our women were going missing and murdered, and no one was listening," says Abigail Echo-Hawk, a task force member and executive vice president of the Seattle Indian Health Board. "Today, this task force puts forward recommendations that say justice isn't for tomorrow, justice is now, and we will fight for it."
The 25-member task force, founded last December, hopes a centralized cold case unit will provide the support that smaller local law enforcement agencies need to fully investigate missing persons reports. It's a measure that state lawmakers should move swiftly to enact.
Other recommendations deserving support include developing best practices for local law enforcement agencies, and social and health services to improve coordination between themselves and with federal, state and tribal counterparts. Another idea focuses on improving law enforcement communication with family members in missing persons cases.
The task force has asked to be extended until June 2025 so that members can delve deeper into the issue. It's a reasonable request considering the many generations of what Annie Forsman-Adams, the task force's policy analyst, calls a "painful history." As she says, we need to start the process "to make things safer and better for Indigenous communities."
The Seattle Times editorial board
members are editorial page editor Kate Riley, Frank A. Blethen, Luis Carrasco, Alex Fryer, Jennifer Hemmingsen, Mark Higgins, Derrick Nunnally and William K. Blethen (emeritus).
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Select two of the scenarios in the Applications list 12.2 (a.-ff.) at the end of Ch. 12 in The Art of Thinking.
Evaluate each argument, using the four-step process described on pp. 197-198, regarding soundness of reasoning (truth and validity).
Ruggiero, Vincent R. (2015). The art of thinking: A guide to critical and creative thought (11th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database.


text:
Hear Bon Iver Play For Emma, Forever Ago Songs on This Day in 2008
By Ellen Johnson | July 21, 2020 | 11:00am
Photo by Graham Tolbert Music Features Bon Iver
Bon Iver is a heavy-hitter not only in the world of indie-folk, but in popular music at large. Think about it: Justin Vernon and co. don't really have a bad album, and they continue to collaborate with a wide variety of artists including Kanye West and James Blake. They released their debut album For Emma, Forever Ago on CD on July 8, 2007 (Happy 13th birthday, Emma!), before sharing it wide on Jagjagwar in early 2008. Vernon's best-known and most widely covered song, "Skinny Love," is on that album, as well as "Lump Sum," "Flume," "Re: Stacks" and other fan favorites. You can hear the band play the latter three of those songs at a Daytrotter session recorded on this day (July 21) in 2008, below.
Bon Iver's self-titled album followed in 2011 to critical acclaim (it even made our best albums of the decade list). The experimental 22, A Million dawned in 2016, followed by Bon Iver's most recent album i,i, which made our list of the best albums of 2019. Each is very different from the others, but that's why Bon Iver continues to be such an intriguing and dynamic artist. He has in the process topped Billboard's Alternative Albums list multiple times, in addition to a smattering of other charts.
Again, you can listen to Bon Iver's 2008 Daytrotter session below, and/or download it on NoiseTrade right here.
for emma forever ago
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text:
«» (letteralmente 'Scoperte Gallimard'; in Italia: «Universale Electa/Gallimard» e «Universale L'ippocampo») è una collana enciclopedica di libri tascabili creata da Pierre Marchand ed edita da Éditions Gallimard. Il primo volume  (nº 1 della edizione italiana – L'antico Egitto: archeologia di una civiltà) è apparso il 21 novembre 1986, scritto dall'egittologo francese Jean Vercoutter. La collana contiene attualmente più di 700 libri (inclusi spin-off), senza un piano sistematico, riunisce diverse centinaia di monografie di specialisti riconosciuti nella loro disciplina, che sono strettamente associati alla presentazione grafica del loro testo.

Vista generale

Il formato A6 (125 × 178 mm) viene utilizzato per questi mini-libri, i quali sono accompagnati da ricche illustrazioni a colori estratte dalle risorse del patrimonio, e stampate su carta patinata. Ogni libro della collana è composto da una monografia e si concentra su un particolare argomento, tutta la collana copre tutte le aree di conoscenza ed esperienza umana, come l'archeologia, l'arte, la cultura, la religione, la storia, la scienza dall'antichità ai tempi moderni, con i contributi di 502 autori esperti, solitamente usano l'ordine cronologico e prospettiva storica a descrivere un soggetto. Per esempio, il volume 239  di Nathalie Bailleux e Bruno Remaury (nº 87 della edizione italiana – La Moda: usi e costumi del vestire), il quale è stato presentato in ordine cronologico per raccontare la storia della moda dai tempi di Adamo ed Eva ad oggi. Quasi tutti i titoli seguono lo stesso metodo, quindi la storia è l'elemento essenziale della prospettiva per questa opera.

Le didascalie per le illustrazioni devono essere informative, non devono duplicare le informazioni nel testo, né interrompere il filo narrativo. I ricercatori e gli accademici devono rispettare i limiti di una raccolta tradizionale. Oltre alle ovvie capacità analitiche, agli autori viene chiesto di scrivere testi di qualità e una sensibilità all'illustrazione. Un «Découvertes Gallimard» non è un libro di autorialità, l'autore è solo uno dei tanti oratori. Bruno Blasselle, direttore della Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal, autore di  (nº 321; nº 103 della edizione italiana – Il libro: dal papiro a Gutenberg), e coautore dell'88º titolo , spiega la sua esperienza di lavoro per la collana: «Per un autore, scrivere un titolo di Découvertes è di essere intrappolato, di mettersi in una situazione in cui si è obbligati ad andare oltre la propria formulazione.»

Il design della copertina è una delle specificità. Le vecchie copertine sono lucide con fondo nero illustrato a colori, le copertine più recenti sono laminate anziché lucide, ma più colorate, con codici colore diversi a seconda delle aree. Si differenzia dagli altri libri di saggistica di il suo aspetto visivo: un'immagine a dimensione intera, con la sua inquadratura e il potere di elementi figurativi, anche un'immagine che si abbina perfettamente alla impaginazione di pagina interno. E c'è sempre una piccola immagine che si adatta al tema per illustrare il dorso. L'identità visiva è forte, si possono anche facilmente riconoscere le diverse edizioni linguistiche dei libri di «Découvertes». Tuttavia, ci sono alcune eccezioni, ad esempio, Ediciones B, la casa editrice di Barcellona, ha adottato un design di copertina completamente diverso per la loro collana «» ('Biblioteca tascabile CHIAVI').

Ogni titolo della collana ha circa 200 pagine con circa 120–200 illustrazioni stampate a quattro, cinque, sei o sette colori, sia opachi che brillanti, e talvolta persino d'oro, come nel 39º titolo , l'oro metallico accresce le illustrazioni di Carl Otto Czeschka da . Ogni libro si apre con 8–10 illustrazioni o fotografie a piena pagina, che Jamie Camplin, il direttore di Thames & Hudson, definisce un «trailer influenzato dal cinema» (chiamato  in francese). Per il 96º titolo , questo libro si apre con una successione di riproduzioni del manoscritto Grammaire égyptienne di Jean-François Champollion; nel  (nº 158; nº 44 della edizione italiana – I Celti: "barbari d'Occidente"), il lettore è accolto da una serie di maschere in bronzo e facce canute scolpite nella pietra; il «trailer» di  (nº 3) evoca il tragico lancio dello Space Shuttle Challenger nel 1986; mentre quello di  (nº 62) presenta la torre Eiffel in ogni fase della sua costruzione.

La novità sta nella sottile orchestrazione del testo e dell'illustrazione, in cui sequenze successive, inserti e pieghevoli si sovrappongono in doppie pagine. Secondo i soggetti, la body-copy (menzionato come corpus in francese) è strutturato in tre a otto capitoli. Ogni capitolo è costruito utilizzando metodi giornalistici, con un paragrafo guida. Il corpus è punteggiato dalle doppie pagine di immagini, note come inserti, una sorta di interruzione per le immagini. Per il 124º titolo  (La paura del lupo), due doppie pagine di riproduzioni delle incisioni di Gustave Doré per illustrare Cappuccetto Rosso. Questi libri traggono molto beneficio dalle tecniche giornalistiche e cinematografiche, alcuni titoli includono pieghevoli panoramici, tipo di proiezione sul grande schermo. Due pieghevoli nel 16º titolo  (nº 12 della edizione italiana – Pompei: la città sepolta), una che mostra la ricostruzione del Foro di Pompei di Léon Jaussely, l'altra che rappresenta la condizione attuale del quartiere del teatro nel 1859 usando i disegni di Paul-Émile Bonnet, sia in una vista panoramica. Nel 369º titolo  (nº 128 della edizione italiana – La carta: avventura quotidiana), attraverso un partenariato con le aziende cartacee, ci sono anche tre lussuosi pieghevoli realizzati tutti su carte diverse da Arjowiggins, presentando uno degli acquerelli del XVII secolo sulla produzione tradizionale di carta cinese; l'altra delle incisioni e disegni di Albrecht Dürer e Leonardo da Vinci; il terzo raffigura la linea di produzione di carta di oggi con le sue diverse macchine.

Sul retro di ogni libro c'è la sezione «Testimonianze e Documenti», a differenza del corpus, questa parte è sempre stampata in bianco e nero. Funziona come un'antologia, fornisce informazioni documentarie più dettagliate e documenti storici. Ciò include i fascicoli redatti congiuntamente dall'autore e dall'editore, con il paragrafo guida a collegare i testi e le didascalie per ogni fascicolo. Secondo le opere, gli allegati concludono la sezione «Documenti» con una cronologia, un indice, una filmografia, una discografia o una bibliografia. Le fonti di tutte le immagini sono sempre fornite nel «indice delle illustrazioni», dedicati al lettore che vuole costituire una biblioteca culturale, una volta digerita questa introduzione, per continuare l'esplorazione. Découvertes si distingue anche per la sua attenzione ai dettagli. Per la scelta del carattere tipografico, ad esempio, Trump Mediaeval viene utilizzato per il corpus, Zapf Dingbats per le virgolette basse, corsivo per le didascalie con un capolettera e l'ultima riga è sottolineata, eccetera. Le edizioni francesi sono stampate da Kapp Lahure Jombart a Évreux, mentre lo stampatore italiano Gianni Stavro, che ha ampiamente contribuito all'elaborazione di nuove tecniche utilizzate nella collana, mantiene la sua posizione di collaboratore per riedizioni e coedizione internazionali. Gli attacchi sono solidi, cuciti e non incollati. Gallimard ha promesso ai lettori «la più bella collana tascabile del mondo» ().

La collana precedentemente consisteva in diciotto serie che sono state abbandonate: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  e . Ora è organizzata attorno a sette aree principali con i codici colore:  (rosso),  (bruno),  (blu),  (bianco),  (blu scuro),  (giallo) e  (verde).

Spin-off
 Une autre histoire du XXᵉ siècle: Letteralmente 'Un'altra storia del XX secolo'. Una serie chiusa all'interno della collana «Découvertes Gallimard», pubblicata nel 1999, è composta da dieci volumi per dieci decadi, scritti dallo storico francese Michel Pierre e basati sugli archivi cinematografici Gaumont.
 Découvertes Gallimard Hors série: Una sotto-collana pubblicata dal 1994. Generalmente, i libri di Hors série sono ancora più piccoli (120 × 170 mm, ma ci sono eccezioni), ognuno composto da 48 pagine con illustrazioni a colori. Questi libri sono progettati come opuscoli del museo, secondo Gallimard, «  » (lett. 'libri per visitare come una mostra'). La maggior parte dei titoli sono dedicati ad artisti come Botticelli, Arcimboldo, Artemisia Gentileschi, Cranach, Fragonard, Vigée Le Brun, Soutine, Le Gray, Macchiaioli, et cetera.
 Découvertes Gallimard Albums: Una sotto-collana composta da tredici volumi, dodici volumi pubblicati nel 1992 e uno nel 1994, un formato più grande (210 × 270 mm) viene utilizzato per questi libri.
 Découvertes Gallimard Texto: Una sotto-collana di sei volumi pubblicata nel 1998 (124 × 178 mm), ispirata alla sezione «Testimonianze e Documenti» sul retro di ogni libro di Découvertes Gallimard.
 Découvertes Gallimard Carnet d'expo: Una sotto-collana creata nel 2018, con il formato più piccolo (120 × 170 mm).

Immagine

L'immagine è la parte essenziale di «Découvertes Gallimard», la collana ha tratto molta ispirazione dai progetti di impaginazione delle riviste. Immagini a colori, illustrazioni documentarie, fotografie d'archivio, mappe storiche occupano un posto centrale in questa opera, come ha detto lo stesso Pierre Marchand: « Il linguaggio delle immagini è un linguaggio universale. » Ma negli anni 1980, la digitalizzazione di foto e il desktop publishing non esisteva, i mockup sofisticati erano interamente fatti a mano e gli iconografi correvano in giro per musei, biblioteche e gallerie di pittura per cercare documenti. Oggi la tecnologia ha semplificato tutte queste procedure, ma le difficoltà sono altrove, lo stato dell'immagine è sempre più complesso.

I temi contemporanei spesso generano costi molto più elevati poiché l'editore è obbligato a collaborare con agenzie fotografiche. Nella scelta dei documenti, la priorità è data a quelle immagini inedite. Inoltre, gli iconografi di «Découvertes» hanno alcuni documenti eccezionali, come i disegni originali delle rovine Maya dell'esploratore inglese Frederick Catherwood decorano il 20º titolo  (nº 20 della edizione italiana – I Maya: alla scoperta delle città perdute).

Non è difficile illustrare temi come le arti, le civiltà, l'archeologia… Ma quando si tratta di un tema come «dolore» (nº 370 – ) o «sviluppo sostenibile» (nº 495 – ), diventa più delicato. La domanda è come evitare la ripetitività, quindi la soluzione sta in un campo di ampliamento, attraverso l'uso di documenti storici, opere d'arte e immagini di film.

Recensioni
La rivista culturale francese Télérama ha elogiato la collezione: « I volumi di "Découvertes Gallimard" prendono in prestito la suspense dal cinema, hanno l'efficienza del giornalismo, il temperamento letterario è il loro fascino, e l'arte è la loro bellezza. » Gerhard Prause, lo studioso e storico letterario tedesco ha scritto un articolo per Die Zeit, ha recensito che la collana è « un'avventura che sta per sorpresa, eccitazione e divertimento. La noia è già prevenuta dalla curiosità delle vivide illustrazioni che sono accompagnate da spiegazioni dettagliate ». Lo scrittore britannico Rick Poynor ha scritto nel periodico Eye che la collana « è uno dei grandi progetti dell'editoria popolare contemporanea ». Il critico d'arte John Russell riteneva che questi libri contenessero informazioni uniche, come l'autorità di Claudio Eliano sulla musicalità dell'elefante o l'aspetto preciso della cometa di Halley così come è stata raffigurata nel 1835. In un articolo del quotidiano argentino La Nación, Eduardo Gudiño Kieffer ha detto: « I libri sono eccellenti assistenti per intellettuali, scrittori, giornalisti e studenti di diversi aspetti della cultura […] contengono informazioni accurate e concise […] ottengono una "durata" cognitiva difficile da raggiungere nella fugacità mediatica. »

Secondo la rivista francese L'Expansion, alcune altre recensioni positive tra cui The Mail on Sunday: « Rivoluzionario… Letteralmente spettacolare… »; The Times: « Una nuovissima collana piena di audacia »; Die Zeit: « Non appena apri questi libri a portata di mano, non puoi più sfuggire a loro »; The New York Times Book Review: « Una collana che ricorda le enciclopedie del XIX secolo, dove l'intelligenza andava di pari passo con la curiosità ».

Nonostante tutti i favori per la sua qualità e il designo visivo attraente, la collana soffre di un problema di identità nelle librerie: dove mettere questi libri? Con libri per giovani o libri per adulti? Come libri tascabili o libri documentari di scienze umane? E optare per una dispersione tematica sugli scaffali. Molti librai rinunciano agli schermi riservati esclusivamente a «Découvertes» a causa della forte competizione. Tanto più che con una gestione dell'inventario piuttosto serrata a Gallimard, i titoli completi non sono mai disponibili allo stesso tempo, cosa che non apprezza i clienti. Il problema dell'identificazione è anche latente nei mezzi di stampa, i giornalisti, anche se sono personalmente lieti di ricevere i nuovi titoli da un agente pubblicitario, non sarebbero troppo entusiasti di presentare un semplice libro tascabile nei loro articoli, anche se è un titolo nuovo di zecca e non una ristampa.

Titoli in italiano

I titoli originariamente pubblicati in lingua italiana:

  (con il contributo della Fondazione Memmo, un titolo disponibile solo in italiano)

Edizione italiana
Una piccola parte di «Découvertes Gallimard» è stata tradotta in italiano, pubblicata dal 1992 al 1999 da Electa/Gallimard sotto il titolo «Universale Electa/Gallimard», che ha prodotto 128 volumi. La collana è organizzata attorno a undici aree: Arte, Architettura, Cinema, Letteratura, Musica, Natura, Scienza, Scienza e natura, Sport, Storia e civiltà e Viaggi e scoperte. La sezione «Testimonianze e documenti» è stata realizzata appositamente per l'edizione italiana.

Nel 2011, la casa editrice milanese L'ippocampo Edizioni ha ripreso la pubblicazione di «Découvertes», questa nuova collana è stata battezzata «Universale L'ippocampo».

Elenco dei volumi tradotti in italiano

Adattamento documentario
Dal 1997, in co-produzione con Arte France e Trans Europe Film, in collaborazione con Gallimard, realizza l'adattamento della collana «Découvertes», diffuso da Arte nella serie televisiva documentaria  (L'Avventura Umana).

 Elenco dei documentari

Note

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Film documentari francesi