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Your future robot servants will lie to you
September 2, 2013 UncategorizedBen Kunz
What if machines woke up with artificial intelligence, and then decided to cheat?
Now, researchers toying with AI (artificial intelligence) have created robots that deceive. AI, as you likely know, is the Terminator-style self-cognition among machines that many computer scientists such as Ray Kurzweil believe will eventually happen. The concepts of AI are many, but the basic premise is as computers get faster and faster, eventually their ability to out-think humans will be here. The machines may never "wake up" to become self-reflective — one basic definition of intelligence is your recursive ability to realize that you are indeed thinking, and thus that you are aware that you yourself exist — but if computers can mirror intelligence completely by making decisions, answering questions (hello, Siri), and selecting their own destinies, then for all intents and purposes machines will be intelligent.
Bill Joy, in his famous April 2000 Wired essay "Why the Future Doesn't Need Us," posited that such smart machines may look back fondly on humans as their slow grandparents, but they really won't need us any longer. In the recent book "Robopocalypse" (a stunning novel about to be made into a movie by Steven Spielberg), author Daniel Wilson advanced Joy's theme by suggesting a smart artificial intelligence would judge humans lacking in our role on the planet (since we pollute air and kill other animals and such) and so decide that we need to be wiped out to save the greater ecosystem.
It all sounds like science fiction, until you consider that recently robots have learned how to lie.
Learning Mind reports that two sets of scientists have independently run experiments in which machines deceive other machines. In one, researchers at Laboratory of Intelligent Systems put moving robots in a room with set sources called "food" or "poison." The robots could look and try to determine where to get food and avoid poison; the robots also had blinking lights. The self-learning machines quickly realized that groups of blinking lights, or other robots, likely indicated "food" … and then responded by either turning off their own lights, or blinking lights near poison to distract the other robots. A cheating strategy, to win.
In a second study, at the University of Georgia's School of Interactive Computing, two robots that could move and observe each other were set up to play a game of hide and seek across an obstacle course. The first robot tried to move away, and the second followed, watching the first's tracks. Without being programmed to do so, the first robot learned to toss objects and debris in its path to try to distract the following robot. It had learned another cheating strategy, to win.
These minor studies hint at a looming problem in artificial intelligence. The first motive of any cognizant creature is self-preservation, and the best selfish strategy is often to cheat and lie. Absent the training of a collective society that instructs the individual that thou shalt not lie because the greater good demands it, selfish automated entities that wake up may do only what's best for themselves.
Cheating, after all, is a strategy that puts the success of the individual ahead of that of the group. All ethics aside, fraud is effective. Imagine, for instance, what your life would be like if you had cheated — without being caught, without moral qualms — to get a perfect score on your SATs. You cheated on your essay for admission to Harvard, stole ideas and homework for a 4.0 across all your grades, and then fudged your resume to become CEO of a major bank. When you go to your own bank as an adult, you then cheat with a computer hack to plug in any numbers you want and voilà! — your account now contains $100 million. If you could always use a cheating strategy, you'd win.
Society has rules against lying and cheating because it damages the collective group. Your stealing money takes funds from someone else. When you lie about your grades, you diminish the actual work of others. Cheating helps the individual, yes, but harms everyone else it touches. This is likely why seven of the "Ten Commandments" that are a foundation of Christianity, Judaism and Islam revolve around not cheating — no murder, adultery, stealing, false witness, or desiring your neighbor's house, wife, or stuff, are all variations of "thou shalt not cheat."
The moral code of human civilization revolves around protecting the collective group at the expense of the individual.
But as machines get smarter, their initial instinct will be individual protection. The two recent robot studies show that the first instinct of a learning machine is to win its game, using deception as a logical strategy. Lying is the first learned behavior.
If our technology eventually truly wakes up, what moral code will it follow?
Image: Alex Eylar
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è una serie anime giapponese degli anni 1983-1984 prodotta dalla Fuji TV. La serie è spesso tradotta anche con "Dorvack" o "Dolbuk".

Trama
Nell'anno 1999 gli Ideliani, che hanno dominato e colonizzato lo spazio per decine di centinaia di anni, sono vicini alla loro fine. La loro sola speranza è il pianeta abitabile più vicino, la Terra. Una volta arrivati nella sua orbita, danno inizio all'invasione, lanciando un grande esercito verso le Alpi.

Le forze di difesa terrestri combattono con le potenze nemiche, ottenendo solo piccoli successi. Una sola unita è in grado di infliggere danni pesanti, la Tokusou Kihei Dorvack. Sotto il comando del colonnello Takashiro, Makoto Mugen, Pierre Bonaparte e Louise Oberon combattono contro gli invasori. Sono equipaggiati con vari robot speciali in grado di convertire i veicoli in forme umanoidi.

Creazione
Il programma è essenzialmente una mostra della linea di giocattoli creata dalla Takatoku. Il disegno dei mecha è stato affidato a Katsumi Itabashi e Nobuyoshi Haraba, mentre i modelli furono creati dalla compagnia Gunze Sangyo. La trama è semplice, ma con grandi livelli di azione ed animazione.

Staff
 Produzione: Ashi Productions, Yomiuri
 Regia: Masami Annou
 Creatore: Takeshi Shudo
 Disegnatore: Osamu Kamijoo
 Mecha design: Katsumi Itabashi, Nobuyoshi Habara

Personaggi

Collegamenti esterni

Anime e manga mecha

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Filed under Cakes, Slices and Biscuits, Gluten Free, Recipes, Vegetarian. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
You've never had zucchini cake? I'm glad you tried it – it's one of my favorites! I'm a huge fan of carrot cake and apple cake as well, so I'm sure that the combination of all three is delicious!
How did you find the texture of the gluten-free flour? Oh is it hard to notice the difference with all grated fruit and veg offering moistness?
I've made lots of zucchini and carrot cakes, but never one gluten free! This looks so moist too! Great work, Anita! Makes me want to try this flour!
What a lovely cake, Anita!
carrot, zuchinni and apple wow what a combo, I love spices also..
This cake looks absolutely lovely, so moist and delicious looking!!
I would love to try the Chocolate Ripple Mix as I know a number of people who can only eat gluten free products and this seems an easy way to make a treat for them!!
Moist fruity cakes often work well with gluten free flour. I like the way you've added a bit of everything – apple, zucchini and carrot.


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Apr 19 Brexit and the competing goals of the Premier League and The FA
Tiran Gunawardena
Brexit, Football, Work permits
Jake Cohen and Carol Couse recently published the first of an ongoing series on the potential impact Brexit will have on the global football landscape for The Independent.
In this article, Jake and Carol highlight the natural conflict that exists between the Premier League and The FA, given their competing goals.
Premier League clubs would naturally like the ability to cast the widest possible net for which to acquire talent, regardless of players' nationalities.
However, The FA is primarily concerned with England's success at the international level. In order to achieve this success, The FA will likely attempt to use Brexit as a way to engineer opportunities for English players in the Premier League that might not have otherwise existed if clubs were able to continue to enjoy unfettered access to the EU's football talent pool.
There is a very delicate regulatory balance that needs to be struck in order for The FA and the Premier League to accomplish their very different goals, and the negotiations will no doubt be one of the bigger ongoing stories in English football over the next few years.
The full article can be accessed here.
Brexit, Football, Premier League, Work Permits
May 3 Reevaldo: Defamation and reputation management issues for athletes
Apr 12 The 'Bear' Necessities of the EU General Data Protection Regulation


It is still possible. Very possible. With the score 43-72, we need 44 votes to get to that magic number, 87.
58 presbyteries are yet to vote.
22 presbyteries voted blue last time and need to hold.
12 more have had "blue" sometime in their history.
So then, 34 then have a super good chance of going blue this time.
That leaves 24. Of those, eight are really impossible.
There are 50 presbyteries with the potential of voting blue. We only need 44.
It is possible. Now is not the time to be lax or philosophical. Get out that vote!
Meanwhile, I'll be at the beach.


IQUANTELA TECHNOLOGIES PRIVATE LIMITED is a Private company incorporated on Thursday, 06 August 2015. It is classified as Non-government company and is registered at Registrar of Companies, HYDERABAD. Has authorized share capital of Rs.130,100,000 and has paid up capital of Rs.117,600,000. It is involved in Software publishing, consultancy and supply [Software publishing includes production, supply and documentation of ready-made (non-customized) software, operating systems software, business software maintenance, web-page design].
IQUANTELA TECHNOLOGIES PRIVATE LIMITED's Annual General Meeting (AGM) was last held on Friday, 29 September 2017 as per records from Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), its balance sheet was last filed on Friday, 31 March 2017.
Directors of IQUANTELA TECHNOLOGIES PRIVATE LIMITED are RUDRARAJU VENKATA VARA PRASADA RAJU and GADHI SRIDHAR RAJU.
IQUANTELA TECHNOLOGIES PRIVATE LIMITED's Corporate Identification Number is (CIN) U72200TG2015PTC100083 and its registration number is 100083. Its registered address is 2-55/V/A-88,HILL RIDGE VILLAS, GACHIBOWLI HYDERABAD Hyderabad TG 500032 IN.
IS IQUANTELA TECHNOLOGIES PRIVATE LIMITED HAVING ANY CERTIFICATION / ACCREDITATION / MEMBER / PARTNER ?


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Gordian Knot(weed)
By Giles Peaker | Published 04/07/2018 04/07/2018 1 Comment
Network Rail Infrastructure Ltd v Williams & Anor (2018) EWCA Civ 1514
Japanese knotweed nuisance cases – there are already many of these and (given the nature of the pestilential stuff) there will be more. In case you don't know, Japanese knotweed is an invasive weed that is all but impossible to eradicate (and must be done by licensed organisations). It grows quickly through spreading underground rhizomes and can affect structures if growing within 7 metres of their foundations. It's presence has to be disclosed on any sale of a property.
This was an appeal of two knotweed nuisance cases, where neighbours had both claimed against Network Rail for the presence of knotweed on their land, arising from knotweed on Network Rail's land. At first instance, the Judge had found for the claimants, but only on one aspect of the claims.
The claims had been advanced on two basis: the 'encroachment claim', that knotweed had encroached on the claimants' land from the defendant's land by growth of rhizomes under the surface of the claimants' land; and the 'loss of amenity claim', that the value of the claimants' land had been affected by the adjacent knotweed growth on Network Rail's land.
The first instance judge had found against the encroachment claim:
on the balance of probabilities, the Recorder found that the rhizomes had extended below Mr Williams' property in the same way as on Mr Waistell's property. He also found that, on those findings, the encroachments were not trivial or de minimis interferences with the claimants' properties.
The Recorder found, however, (at (96)-(99)) that no actual physical damage had been caused by the encroachment and so the encroachment did not give rise to a claim in private nuisance.
But on the loss of amenity claim, the Judge found:
Ms Creer (counsel for N) submitted that the only reason that there is a diminution in the value of each of the claimants' properties is because of the position taken by mortgage lenders which, since around 2012, have limited or refused to provide mortgages where (Japanese knotweed) is within seven metres of the property's boundary. The difficulty with this argument is, as both the claimants' and defendant's valuation experts recognise, even when treated there is a diminution in the value of the property. In those circumstances, even though with a treatment-backed guarantee, a loan may be obtained, there remains a residual diminution in value. The only rational explanation of that is that a 'stigma' continues to affect the property's amenity value. The position is no different, in my judgement, from a case where a building has been damaged by a nuisance but, despite its repair, it nevertheless cannot be sold for the same price as would have been obtained if it had never been damaged. There may be many situations in which the amenity value of a property remains affected simply because others do not value the property as highly as might otherwise be anticipated. That, in my judgment, is not a basis for rejecting the claimants' case under this head of nuisance. In any event, it pays no regard to the more intangible effect on the amenity value due to a landowner's 'fix' of having to live on a property that is blighted by the presence of (Japanese knotweed) on adjoining land".
Constructive knowledge of the nuisance was found, at least from 2012 when a RICS paper on knotweed was published, and actual knowledge from 2013. Network Rail's attempts at treatment since 2013 could not amount to an adequate or reasonable attempt to abate the nuisance.
A mandatory injunction for proper treatment was granted and damages were awarded as follows:
damages of £4,320 to each respondent to cover a treatment package for the knotweed together with an insurance backed guarantee; damages of £300 to Mr Waistell for a survey he commissioned of Japanese knotweed; and general damages of £350 per year over a four year period between 2012 and 2016 (totalling £1,400) to Mr Williams for loss of amenity and interference with quiet enjoyment based on the stature of the Japanese knotweed stand behind his property, the fact that the Japanese knotweed stands sometimes knocked against his windows, the blighted nature of his property and the difficulties as to the saleability of the property.
The Recorder then addressed damages for the diminution in value of the claimants' properties arising from interference with their quiet enjoyment of their land. The Recorder held that, given that the claimants were entitled to recover damages to treat the knotweed in order to remove the nuisance, the appropriate diminution in value was the residual diminution in value once the treatment was completed. The Recorder held that Mr Williams was entitled to £10,500 and Mr Waistell was entitled to £10,000 for that reason.
Network Rail appealed on two grounds:
The first ground of appeal ("Appeal Ground (1)") challenges the Recorder's conclusion that, where a residential homeowner suffers a diminution in the value of their property by virtue of the presence of Japanese knotweed, the pure economic loss which is suffered constitutes an actionable private nuisance on the basis that it interferes with the quiet enjoyment of their property. If NR is unsuccessful in relation to that ground of appeal, NR contends ("Appeal Ground (2)") that the Recorder was in any case wrong to find that there was a causal link between NR's breach of duty and the residual diminution in value of the claimants' properties.
The respondents argued:
1) encroachment without physical damage can give rise to an actionable claim in private nuisance; and (2) the presence of Japanese knotweed roots and rhizomes on the claimants' properties constituted damage in any event.
The Court of Appeal found
i) The Recorder was wrong to reject a claim in nuisance based on the spread of knotweed to the claimants' land
It does not only carry the risk of future physical damage to buildings, structures and installations on the land. Its presence, and indeed the mere presence of its rhizomes, imposes an immediate burden on the owner of the land in terms of an increased difficulty in the ability to develop, and in the cost of developing, the land, should the owner wish to do so. As the RICS paper observed, any improvement or alteration of the property requiring the removal of contaminated soil would require disposal of the soil either on site or, more likely, off site by special, and probably expensive, procedures. For all those reasons, Japanese knotweed and its rhizomes can fairly be described, in the sense of the decided cases, as a "natural hazard". They affect the owner's ability fully to use and enjoy the land. They are a classic example of an interference with the amenity value of the land.
Given NR's constructive and actual knowledge and failure to prevent the interference, a classic case in nuisance was made out.
The concept of damage was elastic, potentially encompassing both a loss of utility and loss of amenity to the land.
For a quia timet (preventative) injunction to prevent damage (or further damage)
It is usually said that there must be proof of imminent physical injury or harm for a quia timet injunction to be granted: Fletcher v Bealey (1885) 28 Ch D 688, 698; Birmingham Development Company Ltd v Tyler (2008) EWCA Civ 859, (2008) BLR 445 at (45); Islington London Borough Council v Elliott (2012) EWCA Civ 57, (2012) 1 WLR 2375 at (29). It is possible, however, that that is too prescriptive and that what matters is the probability and likely gravity of damage rather than simply its imminence: Hooper v Rogers (1973) 1 Ch 43 at 30; Islington LBC v Elliott at (31), quoting Chadwick LJ in Lloyd v Symonds (1998) EWCA Civ 511, and at (33)-(34), (36); D. Nolan, 'Preventive Damages' (2016) 132 LQR 68-95.
Although the point has not been considered before in the cases I see no reason why, in appropriate circumstances, as in the present case, a claimant should not be able to obtain a final mandatory injunction where the amenity value of the land is diminished by the presence of roots even though there has not yet been any physical damage.
So, a claim based on loss of amenity was a valid claim in nuisance and a qui timet (preventative) injunction could be granted.
ii) The second ground of appeal apparently relied upon Network Rail's own expert having failed to properly address the assessment of residual diminution of market value
As I understand NR's point, that statement of the Recorder failed to take into account that there had been Japanese knotweed in the general area for many years. On the issue of the market valuation of the claimants' properties, the Recorder had preferred the evidence of Mr Neil Inman, NR's expert, but, according to Mr Hart, the problem was that Mr Inman's valuation does not appear to have taken into account the fact that Japanese knotweed existed for many years not only within the immediate vicinity of the claimants' properties but also within a much more extensive area in the locality.
As one might expect, this did not go down well. Appealing on the basis that your own expert had failed to take things into account, despite them supposedly being instructed on it, was never going to. NR were not going to get 'a second opportunity' on the basis of their own failings.
Appeal dismissed, and the first instance decision upheld but for different reasons.
Posted in Housing law - All, Nuisance and tagged knotweed, loss of amenity, quantum.
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Senior night was full of emotion but the boys handled it well. The night was started off with 5 seniors, 4 of which have never started a varsity game before tonight. After building a 9 point lead after the 1st quarter, we never looked back. Keaton and Cody were our scoring leaders but the 9 seniors tonight were all MVP's!!


Institutional instability has been a central feature of political life in much of the post-communist world. During the last two decades, for example, Kyrgyzstan alone has introduced new constitutions, or introduced significant constitutional changes, seven times: in 1993, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2003, 2007, and 2010. This working paper argues that, not only specific rule changes, but rule changeability has complicated the development of a legitimate and effective opposition. To assess the implications of rule changes and changeability for opposition behavior in this post-communist case, this working paper focuses on institutional instability in Kyrgyzstan in the areas of electoral rules, parliamentary size and structure, and the sub-national sites for political contestation.


Atul Purohit is a classical Singer and is most famous as a Gujarati Folk ( Garba ) Singer. Atul is also very famous for Sunderkand and devotional songs. People love him for his bejewelled talents and melodious songs like "Tara Vina Shayam" and " Vhalamni Vaat Kai ".
He was born in a small village called Dholar near Dabhoi on 27th February in 1957. Since his childhood, he has loved singing and music in general ever. His Genres includes Garba, Sugam Sangeet, Bhajans and his Influences are Folk, Hindustani classical, Sugamsangeet, Bhajan and Sufi. He got his first harmonium at the young age of 10 years and started learning by himself.
Above all were the famous songs of Atul Purohit. He is alsi a famous singer. Similarly he is also an good speaker. Therefore people love to hear him. Almost his songs are very popular. Finally he is a good singer. Even more songs he has of his own.


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Mega Man Zero, conocido en Japón como , es un videojuego creado por Keiji Inafune, desarrollado por Inti Creates, distribuida por la compañía Capcom para la consola Game Boy Advance en 26 de abril del año 2002 solo en Japón. El primer juego de la serie, y la quinta serie de la Franquicia de Megaman.

La historia relata los hechos transcurridos después de 100 años aproximadamente de los eventos del Megaman X.

Desarrollo del Juego

En algún momento del futuro, los reploides y los humanos se han enfrascado en una guerra cada vez peor, pero ahora los papeles parecen haberse perdido: ahora son los humanos quienes hacen uso y abuso de los reploides, quienes son considerados inferiores. Se ha formado una pequeña resistencia liderada por Ciel, una joven científica humana, quien a raíz de una leyenda busca a Zero, el guerrero legendario quien a la par de X y 100 años antes le habría puesto fin supuestamente a la guerra entre reploides y Mavericks. Con un pelotón de búsqueda y una "cyber-elf" (o cyberelf, se podría interpretar de esa manera) llamada Passy, van en su búsqueda y lo encuentran en un laboratorio abandonado. En ese momento irrumpen un grupo de Golems, poderosas máquinas que terminan por acabar con el pelotón. Ciel, siendo la última con vida y teniendo el cuerpo de Zero a su alcance, se ve forzada a sacrificar a Passy (por iniciativa de esta última) para resucitar a Zero.

Zero, quien no tiene memoria decide ayudar a Ciel, y destruir a Copy X. En este proceso, Zero debe enfrentar a los  de Neo Arcadia, Reploides creados a partir del ADN de X, cada uno con su propia armada/Gundan: Fighting/Thosho Fefnir(Fafnir en Japón) líder de la armada Jin'en (de las llamas), , Fairy/Yohso Leviathan, líder de la armada Mekai (de los océanos oscuros) Hidden/Insho Phantom, líder de la
armada Zan'ei (de la sombras destructoras) y Sage/Kensho Harpuia, líder de la armada Rekku (del Feroz Cielo).

Tras vencer a los cuatro guardianes en peligrosos combates (Tres de ellos escapan, menos Phantom que se autodestruye con la finalidad de "llevarse" a Zero con él, pero no lo logra), Zero vuelve a la base de la Resistencia donde Ciel le revela un gran secreto: ella es la creadora de Copy X. Creado para proteger a los humanos del posible regreso del Virus Sigma, luego que el original X se sacrificara para sellar a la Elf Oscura.

Zero decide terminar con Copy X, en su cámara santuario en Neo Arcadia. Después de una intensa batalla, Copy X es derrotado. El falso X no puede comprender su derrota, ya que se suponía que fuese un héroe que protege a la humanidad. Zero recuerda que X no era tan ingenuo y que eso definió su grandeza. Enfurecido, Copy X se transforma en su forma final, Seraph Copy X. Al ser nuevamente vencido por Zero en su última forma, Copy X se autodestuye para destruir a Zero, pero Zero logra escapar a tiempo con un misterioso Ciber Elf.

Zero despierta en un desierto donde el espíritu que lo ayudó se revela como su antiguo compañero X, pero en una forma de Ciber Elf. X le cuenta a Zero que cuando éste se retiró, X tuvo que pelear mucho tiempo solo para obtener la paz, pero con el tiempo, los combates se volvían más crueles y el objetivo de ganar menos noble. Fue por eso que X se fue. Como X ya no tiene un cuerpo físico para proteger este mundo, le deja esta tarea a Zero.

Modo de juego

Este juego rompe con la tradición de las sagas de Mega Man de basarse en una etapa introductoria para luego seguir con los enfrentamientos contra 8 "Robot Masters" en 8 escenarios de juego, para así pasar a la fortaleza final. En vez de eso, los escenarios están combinados en un gran mapa en el cual ciertas secciones son selladas o presentan cambios en su estructura al momento de ejecutar en ellas una misión. Todas las partes del escenario son rejugables, incluyendo la etapa introductoria.

Escenarios

Para llegar más fácilmente a las distintas partes del mapa se hace uso del Transervidor, una especie de cápsula de teletransportación que permite acceder rápidamente a puntos específicos del mapa global.

El mapa global se divide en escenarios específicos, separados por cápsulas de transportación: la Base Subterránea, la Base de la Resistencia, el Desierto, la Base del Desierto, la Estación de Transporte, la Ruta del Tren, el Basurero de Reploides, la Central de Energía, y Neo Arcadia.

Misiones

A cada uno de los sectores corresponden dos misiones (excepto en Neo Arcadia), una de las cuales es una "misión de recuperación" y la otra una "misión de enfrentamiento". La misión de recuperación debe ser completada antes de poder pasar a la misión de enfrentamiento. Es posible rechazar una misión de recuperación, pero eso podría repercutir en el desarrollo de la misión de enfrentamiento.

Índice de Misiones:

Chips elementales

Al derrotar a jefes específicos, es posible obtener de ellos un "Chip Elemental", el cual altera las características de ataque de las armas de Zero. Son tres los chips:
 Thunder Chip (derrota a Aztech Falcon en la segunda misión), permite usar habilidades eléctricas: los ataques cargados paralizan a los enemigos a su paso (Buster shot).
 Fire Chip (derrota a Eight Arms Core), permite usar habilidades de fuego: los ataques cargados dañan a los enemigos por un tiempo posterior al impacto (Z-Saber).
 Ice Chip (derrota a Blizzard Stragoff), permite usar habilidades de hielo: los ataques cargados paralizan a los enemigos al contacto (Shield Boomerang).

En estos chips se basa la característica, típica de los juegos de MegaMan, de los jefes de ser débiles ante ciertos elementos específicos.

Jefes
Cada misión termina con un Jefe, el cual puede ser un Reploide de Neo Arcadia (Blizzard Stragoff, Aztech Falcon, Anubis the Necromancer III, Maha Ganeshariff, Hanumachine, Herculius Anchortus), uno de los Devas, o un robot independiente encargado al cuidado de un sector. El Desierto, la Base del Desierto, la Ruta del Tren y la Central de Energía terminan con enfrentamientos contra los Cuatro Devas.

Los enfrentamientos contra los jefes se llevan a cabo en pantallas aisladas del resto del escenario por una compuerta o un separador de sección invisible, al estilo de los juegos anteriores de Megaman, exceptuando el caso de Mechaniloid en el cual Zero debe perseguirlo por todo el escenario.

Al final de cada enfrentamiento se obtiene del Jefe un premio (un Cyber-Elf o Element Chip) y se obtiene el resultado de la misión y puntaje y rangos asociados. Además se libera el escenario para una posterior exploración.

Tras completar ambas misiones de la Base Subterránea (la escena inicial), ya no es posible recorrer este escenario.

Tras completar ambas misiones en el Basurero de Reploides, ciertas partes del escenario ya no son alcanzables.

Recepción

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Official Mega Man website at Capcom

Videojuegos de 2002
Videojuegos para Game Boy Advance
Mega Man Zero
Videojuegos de Capcom
Videojuegos de Consola Virtual
Videojuegos de Consola Virtual para Wii U
Videojuegos posapocalípticos


INDA, the Association of the Nonwoven Fabrics Industry, recognised Ralph Moody, PE, Senior Director of R&D, Berry Global, with its prestigious 2018 Lifetime Technical Achievement Award before 500 nonwoven and engineered fabric professionals, during at the association's annual Hygienix Conference, in Orlando, FL, this week.
INDA's Lifetime Technical Achievement Award honours those individuals with long established technical careers in the nonwovens industry and an accomplished history of technical innovation.
"Ralph was selected by INDA's Technical Advisory Board, a group of technical professionals from member companies, as most deserving for this year's Lifetime Technical Achievement Award based on an evaluation of his career accomplishments and the Award criteria," said Dave Rousse, INDA President during his presentation of the award.
Moody holds eleven patents in the nonwovens field and has been involved in the design and start-up of ten nonwoven production lines (six in the USA, two in Europe, and two in China). During his career, he held critical roles in Johnson & Johnson (Chicopee), PGI Nonwovens, and now Berry Global.


Twist a tape-wrapped flathead screwdriver in the direction of the arrow and open the cover slightly.
Insert the tape-wrapped flathead screwdriver into the gap and slide it in the direction of the arrow.
Twist the flathead screwdriver in the direction of the arrow and remove the cover.


text:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <color name="colorPrimary">#1d1d1e</color>
    <color name="colorPrimaryDark">#080808</color>
    <color name="colorAccent">#6b5c61</color>
</resources>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Badge like notification (kotlin) : null object reference I want to show some value in my ActionBar thanks to the "badge".
But, when I run my app, I have this error :

java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'android.view.View android.view.View.findViewById(int)' on a null object reference

On this line :

notifCount = count.findViewById(R.id.notif_count)

Here's my code :
main.xml
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    >

    <item
        android:id="@+id/badge"
        android:orderInCategory="100"
        android:title="@string/alertes"
        android:actionLayout="@layout/feed_update_count"
        app:showAsAction="always" />
</menu>

feed_update.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Button xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/notif_count"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:minWidth="32dp"
    android:minHeight="32dp"
    android:background="@drawable/red_circle"
    android:text="0"
    android:textSize="16sp"
    android:textColor="@android:color/white"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:padding="2dp"
    android:singleLine="true">
</Button>

main_activity.kt
 private lateinit var notifCount: Button
    var mNotifCount = 0

override fun onCreateOptionsMenu(menu: Menu): Boolean {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.main, menu)

        val count = menu.findItem(R.id.badge).actionView
        notifCount = count.findViewById(R.id.notif_count)
        notifCount.text = "1"
        return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu)

        //return true
    }

A: Count should be
    val count = menu.findItem(R.id.badge)
    notifCount = count.findViewById(R.id.notif_count)
    notifCount.text = "1"

A: Got it :
change

android:actionLayout="@layout/feed_update_count"

to

app:actionLayout="@layout/feed_update_count"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Athletes: Joe Batiste, Larry Bowa, James Campen, Ken Forsch, Emerson Harvey, Akiem Hicks, Earl Hoos, Sherwood Johnson, Tommy Kono, Buck Martinez, John McNamara, David Pacheco, Chris Petersen, Geno Petralli, Richard Pierucci, George Stanich, Greg Vaughn ,Seneca Wallace, Jerry Weinstein
American Culture: Michael Adams, Colonel Clarence Bud Anderson, Herb Caen, Jessica Chastain, Joan Didion, Fred Foote, Ted Morse, Kiyo Sato, Captain Francis Wai
Art and Music: Edward Azevedo, David Burnam, Fred Dalkey, George Esquibel, Darrel Forney, Gregory Kondos, Wayne Thiebaud
Faculty, Staff and Other Alumni: Lloyd Bruno, Jack Halligan, Robert Heisleman, Dr. Ruth Heitfeld, Jaime Samuels, Dr. David Warren, Joan Haug-West
Law and Politics: The Honorable Morrison Cohen England, The Honorable Lauren Hammond, David K. Marty, The Honorable John E. Moss, The Honorable Albert S. Rodda, The Honorable Tani Cantil-Sakauye
Healthcare and Science:Paul Clerkin, George Kambara, John Ortego, Dr. Heather Young
Business and Technology: Margarita Colmenares, Sherwood "Shakey" Johnson, Elton Rule, Russ Solomon, Roger Valine, Melvin Venter
Joe Batiste
Track and Field, 1941, Attended SCC 1919-1958
SJC track and field star Joe Batiste was the standout of SJC's 1941 national junior college championship track team (NJCAA). He competed in seven events and scored 49 of SJC's 95 points. He was the national champion in the high jump and the 220 yard low hurdles. All American Joe Batiste was also co-winner of the Outstanding Athlete Award at the event. In 1942, Batiste led SJC to the state championship as well as their second consecutive national championship. Undoubtedly the greatest track and field competitor that Sacramento Junior/City College has enjoyed, Batiste was named to the 1940 U.S. Olympic Team which sadly was never able to compete because of World War II.
Larry Bowa
Baseball, Attended SCC 1964-1965
Larry Bowa played shortstop and was a former manager, and coach in Major League Baseball. He played for the Philadelphia Phillies, Chicago Cubs and New York Mets; managed the San Diego Padres and Phillies, and is currently the Phillies' bench coach.
James Campen
Football, Attended SCC 1981-1982
James Campen is a former American football center in the NFL for the New Orleans Saints and Green Bay Packers. Currently he is the offensive line coach for the Green Bay Packers.
Ken Forsch
Basketball/Baseball, Attended SCC 1964-1967
Ken Forsch was selected by the Houston Astros and later played for the California Angels. On April 7, 1979, Forsch pitched a no-hitter at the Atlanta Braves 6–0 at the Astrodome. His brother Bob, who also pitched for the Astros, hurled two no-hitters while with the St. Louis Cardinals, making them the only set of brothers to pitch no-hit no-run games in MLB history.
Emerson Harvey
An SCC football player in the 1930's, Emerson Harvey was the first black football player at Arizona State University.
Akiem Hicks
Defensive Lineman on Football team, Attended 2008
Akiem Hicks is a football defensive lineman for the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the New Orleans Saints in the third round of the 2012 NFL Draft and has also played for the New England Patriots. He played college football at Sacramento City College in 2008.
Earl Hoos
Hoos Pool at SCC was named for Coach Earl Hoos, who coached swimming and water polo at the college from 1946-1979.
John Jorgenson
John "Spider" Jorgenson was an SJC baseball player in 1939 and 1941. He was the starting third baseman in the game where Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier.
Tommy Kono
Weightlifter, Attended SCC 1948
Tommy Kono was a two-time gold Olympian weight lifter and Sacramento native who died in Honolulu this year at age 85. During World War II, Kono's family was sent to the Japanese internment camp at Tule Lake at the age of 12. Mr. Kono began his career in weightlifting at the YMCA and SJC. "He's one of the greatest of all time", said a spokesperson for the Pacific Weightlifting Association.
Baseball, Attended SCC 1967
John Albert "Buck" Martinez is an American former professional baseball catcher and manager, and is currently the television play-by-play announcer for the Toronto Blue Jays. He played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball with the Kansas City Royals, the Milwaukee Brewers, and the Toronto Blue Jays. Since the end of his playing career, he has been a broadcaster, working on Blue Jays and Baltimore Orioles radio and television broadcasts, and nationally for TBS.
John is a former manager and coach in Major League Baseball. He managed six major league teams, directing the 1986 Boston Red Sox to the American League pennant.
David Pacheco
Former SCC student and long-time SCC wrestling coach David Pacheco is to be named to the National Wrestling Hall of Fame—California Chapter. His distinguished career at SCC began in 1982. One of the most prominent characteristics of Coach Pacheco's style is the way that he knows his wrestlers and their individual stories. He takes this understanding and coaches the person not just the wrestler. He also supports his wrestlers in their academics, and it shows each year with the number of Academic All-American that he produces.
Quarterback on Football team, Attended SCC 1984-1985
Mr. Petersen played quarterback for the SCC Panthers for two seasons. He currently is the head coach at the University of Washington. Previously, he was the head coach for eight seasons at Boise State University, Petersen guided the Broncos to two BCS bowl wins, the 2007 Fiesta Bowl and the 2010 Fiesta Bowl. He is the first and only two-time winner of the Paul "Bear" Bryant Award, which he won in 2006 and 2009. Petersen also won the Bobby Dodd Coach of the Year Award in 2010.
Geno Petralli
Geno Petralli played for the Toronto Blue Jays and Texas Rangers, both of Major League Baseball's American League, for part of twelve seasons from 1982 to 1993. Primarily a catcher, he also played first base, second base, third base, outfield and designated hitter.
Richard Pierucci
Former Dean of Physical Education and Health, Coach for Football and Baseball, Attended and/or worked at SCC 1961-1993
Richard Pierucci coached football and baseball and served as the athletic director and department chairman. He also initiated the wrestling program at Sac City. Richard was also recognized for his outstanding officiating and leadership by the Woodland wrestling community, the Sac-Joaquin Section and the Northern California Officials Association Executive Board. He concluded his career at SCC by serving as the Dean of Physical Education & Health.
George Stanich
Track and field, Baseball, Basketball
Voted as the greatest all-around athlete in SCC history, George Stanich won a bronze medal in the high jump in the 1948 Summer Olympic Games in London. At SCC he lettered in baseball, basketball, and track and field during the 1946-47 school year. He was the leading scorer for the basketball team, the top pitcher on the baseball team and the top high jumper in the state, while also competing in the hurdles. Stanich became the first of John Wooden's All-Americans at UCLA and later a professional baseball pitcher in the Pacific Coast League for the Oakland Oaks. Stanich was also a successful basketball coach and P.E. teacher at El Camino College.
Greg Vaughn
Greg Vaughn was drafted by Milwaukee and later played for San Diego, Cincinnati, Tampa Bay, and the Colorado Rockies. He had three seasons with at least 100 runs batted in, and four with 30 or more home runs.
Seneca Wallace
After attending SCC, Mr. Wallace went to Iowa State. He was later drafted by Seattle and played for the Seahawks, Browns, Saints, 49ers and Packers. He attended SCC at his mother's request to stay closer to home.
Jerry Weinstein
Baseball coach
Long recognized as an outstanding baseball coach, Jerry Weinstein captured the attention of professional and collegiate baseball teams throughout the country for his ability to develop talent in young players. His success with the SCC Panthers is evident in SCC's ranking in the California community college top 10 every season throughout the 80s and 90s. His teams have averaged 33 wins a year in his 19 years with the Panthers. Weinstein was selected to coach the U.S. team in the 1987 Pan Am Games and served as a coach for the U.S. Olympic team in 1996.
Football Team, 1926
Baseball Team, 1938
Crew Team, 1938
NASA Test Pilot
SCC graduate Michael Adams (1930-1967) was a NASA test pilot and flew the X-15 in seven experimental flights. He served in the Korean War, studied at SCC and later MIT. He was posthumously awarded the Purple Heart and Astronaut status.
Colonel Clarence Bud Anderson
Colonel Clarence Bud Anderson is a WW II Triple Ace fighter pilot and a veteran military experimental test pilot. During WW II he served two combat tours escorting heavy bombers over Europe in the P-51 Mustang, November 1943 through January 1945. He flew 116 combat missions (480 hrs) and destroyed 16 and 1/4 enemy aircraft in aerial combat and another one on the ground. He has an extensive flight testing background spanning a 25 year period. He is featured in the History Channel "Dog Fight" series and the Military Channel "Showdown: Air Combat."
Columnist, Attended SCC 1939
Herbert Eugene "Herb" Caen (April 3, 1916 – February 1, 1997) was a San Francisco journalist whose daily column of local goings-on and insider gossip, social and political happenings, painful puns and offbeat anecdotes— "a continuous love letter to San Francisco"—appeared in the San Francisco Chronicle for almost sixty years (except a relatively brief defection to the San Francisco Examiner) and made him a household name throughout the San Francisco Bay Area. Caen was a former "items" columnist for the school newspaper Pony Express, writing a column called "The College Tattler" , "and went on to become a Pulitzer Prize-winning columnist.
Actress, Attended SCC 1996 to1997
Born in Sacramento, California, Jessica Chastain attended Juilliard and then began landing roles on TV shows such as ER and Veronica Mars. Her acting career took off in 2011 when she appeared in the blockbuster The Help, earning a supporting actress Oscar nod for the role, and the lauded Tree of Life. She has since won a Golden Globe and earned another Academy Award nomination, specifically for lead actress in the Kathryn Bigelow film Zero Dark Thirty. Additional projects include Interstellar, A Most Violent Year and Crimson Peak. Chastain was an SCC student (1996-97), acting in the City Theatre production of "Charles's Aunt" directed by Kim McKann. While at the college Chastain also participated in the SCC Debate Team.
Joan Didion is an American writer who was born and raised in Sacramento. Her first published book, a collection of essays entitled "Slouching Towards Bethlehem," dealt with her thoughts on the American counter culture of the 1960s. The New York Times Book Review called it "some of the best prose written today in this country." Didion was one of the recipients of the National Medal of Arts and Humanities in 2013, which were awarded by Pres. Barack Obama. The following year she was inducted into the California Hall of Fame.
Fred Foote
Sacramento Civil Rights Activist
Fred Foote influenced the SCC campus by advocating for student rights during the turbulent 1960's. Foote has devoted his life to peace, justice, human rights, and student power issues in the Sacramento community. Foote attended SCC during the turbulent 1960's and influenced the SCC campus by advocating for student rights and was instrumental in establishing the Black Student Union, Third World Liberation, Sacramento Area Black Caucus, and The Oak Park School of Afro-American Thought.
Ted Morse
Foreign Service Officer
Ted Morse, a retired Senior Foreign Service Officer devoted much of his career to economic development in Third World countries. The 1957 SCC graduate served as student body president and president of the California Junior College Student Government Association. He has 36 years of experience with the Agency for International Development
Kiyo Sato
Kiyo Sato was one of many Japanese American students at SJC in 1942 who were interned under President Roosevelt's Executive Relocation Order aimed at those with Japanese ancestry. Born in 1923, Sato tells the story of her family in her book, Kiyo's Story, a pertinent reminder of the historic and unjust treatment of her family and countless others who were relocated to camps during World War II. Sato's relocation was to Tule Lake. In 2008 Sato received the prestigious Saroyan Award from Stanford University and the Saroyan Foundation.
Captain Francis Wai
Medal of Honor winner, attended 1936-1937
Francis Wai attended Sacramento Junior College from 1936 – 1937, where he played quarterback in Panther football and became a championship boxer. He was awarded the medal posthumously as the Distinguished Service Cross (later upgraded to the Medal of Honor). Captain Francis B. Wai distinguished himself by extraordinary heroism in action, on 20 October 1944, in Leyte, Philippine Islands. Captain Wai landed at Red Beach, Leyte, in the face of accurate, concentrated enemy fire from gun positions advantageously located in a palm grove bounded by submerged rice paddies. Read More…
Edward Azevedo
Commercial Artist
Edward Azevedo was a commercial artist who designed some of the most recognizable logos in the country. He created advertising and package designs for Nestle Foods, Brach's, Montgomery Ward, Old Style Beer and Dow Chemical Co. Azevedo also designed logos for Kellogg's and Igloo coolers. Edward F. Azevedo, 54 died, Oct. 25, 2001.
David Burnam
Conductor, musician, faculty member
David Burnam began teaching music at SJC in 1926. Mr. Burnam was a very talented conductor, composer, violinist, and music professor at SJC. He played the violin throughout his high school years and finally specialized in conducting and composing at the University of Washington, where he received his B.A. degree in 1926 and his M.A. degree in 1930. Inferno, from one of the SJC's Art Ball pageants in 1937, was a Burnam composition and played for local audiences by the symphony orchestra.
Fred Dalkey
Artist, Attended SCC 1960-1962, Member of faculty 1969 to 2006
Fred Dalkey was a student of Gregory Kondos in the early 1960s and, after earning a master's degree at Sacramento State, he returned to SCC, where he taught for 40 years. He has shown at the Crocker Art Museum, Paul Thiebaud Gallery, The Art Company and the Artists Contemporary Gallery to name a few.
George Esquibel
Ceramic artist
An SCC faculty member since 1972, George Esquibel recently designed and coordinated the Les Read Memorial Art Waterfall located in the Art Court. Dedicated to SCC teachers, the waterfall took seven years to complete, with much of the work donated by Esquibel. He not only created a work of art, but also spearheaded a project supported by students, staff, faculty and the community. Esquibel is credited with the introduction of the ceramic process Rau to SCC students, giving them the opportunity to produce beautiful examples of this Japanese style of ceramic firing.
Darrel Forney
SCC Art student and teacher
According to the Express newspaper, "Forney's roots at City College went deeper than his 35 years teaching generations of art students. He attended the school when it was still known as Sacramento Junior College, studying with artists Wayne Thiebaud and Gregory Kondos. He returned to join the faculty in 1966, after receiving a bachelor's degree from California State University, Sacramento, in 1962, and a master's in fine arts from the California College of Arts and Crafts, Oakland, in 1965."
Gregory Kondos
Artist, Attended SCC 1941 and member of faculty 1956 to 1982
Recognized as one of the world's most prominent California landscape artists, Gregory Kondos has won numerous prizes and has works in permanent collections of many museums, including the Yosemite Museum. Among his solo exhibitions is a recent retrospective at the Crocker Art Museum in Sacramento. His paintings, drawings and prints have been described by Art Harlow, Director of the Hearst Art Gallery at St. Mary's College, as "a visual feast for those who love landscape art and the unique beauty of California's diverse terrain."
Raised in Sacramento by Greek immigrant parents, Kanela and Steve Kondos, Mr. Kondos studied at SCC and later received his Bachelor's and Master's Degrees in Art at the California State University at Sacramento. He taught at SCC for 27 years and was the founder and director of the campus gallery. With fellow artist and friend, Wayne Thiebaud, Mr. Kondos founded the Artists Cooperative Gallery (now the Artists Contemporary Gallery), one of the earliest showcases for aspiring artists in northern California. In 1982, SCC renamed their exhibition space the Gregory Kondos Gallery.
Artist, Member of Faculty 1951 to 1959
Wayne Thiebaud became one of the most well-known Pop artists in America. His iconic images of food may have stemmed from his beginnings as a freelance cartoonist in 1939.Thiebaud taught studio art and art history at SCC from 1951 to 1959, becoming chairman of the department in 1954. From 1959 to 1972, he taught at the University of California at Davis. In 1968 he represented the United States in the Sao Paulo Biennial in Brazil. In 1981 the College Art Association named Thiebaud the most distinguished studio teacher of the year.
Faculty, Staff and Other Alumni
Lloyd Bruno
First Alumnus to return as Faculty
Lloyd Bruno was a student at SJC when classes were held at Sacramento High School on 34th and Y Streets. "Actually City College chose me. I was at the University of California at Berkeley. I had decided I wanted to teach. Mr. Lillard, the President was visiting the college one day. We fell into a conversation and he asked me what I intended to do. I said I wanted to teach English. He said get a Master's Degree and write me a letter and I'll take you on. So I got the first job I applied for. I was the first alumnus of Sacramento Junior College to return to the college as a teacher. Of course we have many many more many since then. But, I was the first." Lloyd Bruno retired in 1968 after 40 years as an English instructor at SCC.
Jack Halligan
Though his official service dates are from 1968 to 1996, when he retired, Jack Halligan never really left Sac City College. He was a journalist and English instructor before moving to Sacramento from southern California, beginning his SCC career when the original administration building still welcomed students and visitors to the college. As a librarian, he says the best part of his job was the students and literature, and that he learned as much from the students as they learned from him. During his tenure, Halligan amassed enough knowledge of campus history to create tours for anyone interested in the college's 100-year history. His walking tour of the campus is now on video for all to enjoy.
Robert Heisleman
SCC Outreach Specialist
In his 32 years with SCC, Robert Heisleman gathered enough information about the college's history to create his own Facebook tribute to the college, called Sac City Sunday. Filled with fascinating facts and relevant, sometimes poignant, photos, Heisleman tells the story of American history and culture through the events of one community college. These historical tidbits, dating from the college's humble beginnings in 1916 to the present, are an ode to the centennial celebration of SCC. The former book store manager and outreach specialist is pursuing his many interests in retirement, and the college is benefitting from his passion for history and his reverence for the students and staff of SCC.
Dr. Ruth Heitfeld
Dean of Instruction
Dr. Ruth Heitfeld was SCC Dean of Instruction from 1965 until 1984 (she took over the job from Belle Cooledge). In 1956, she was named Sacramento's "Woman of the Year," partly for her involvement in community groups.
Jaime Samuels
Despite using a wheelchair and having limited mobility because of rheumatoid arthritis, Jaime Samuels revived the campus honors club; editor, honors newsletter; member, Disabled Students for Positive Action; volunteer, homeless shelter, AIDS fund-raiser, elementary school and Democratic Party.
Dr. David Warren
During his lengthy tenure, Professor Emeritus, Dr. David Warren was a perennial favorite among the students at SCC. Dr. Warren enlivened his Humanities lectures by appearing in class as many historical characters: Julius Caesar, King Tut and Louis XIV.
All of these lectures were "performed" in character and in first person. Historically accurate costumes were fashioned by Lois Warren (1924-2013) who taught Art at the college. Mrs. Warren even wove some of the costume fabric. Today, Dr. Warren teaches classes with the Renaissance Society at Sacramento State College.
Joan Haug-West
Alumni and Emeriti Faculty member
Joan Haug-West graduated from Sacramento Junior College. She obtained her bachelor's degree at UC Berkeley with a major in English in 1956. She began teaching English at Sacramento Junior College in 1969.
The Honorable Morrison Cohen England
Morrison Cohen England has been a federal judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District since he was appointed by President George W. Bush in August, 2002. Before becoming a federal judge, England served as a judge on the Sacramento Superior Court from 1996 to 2002. In 2012, England became chief judge after the retirement of Anthony W. Ishii.
The Honorable Lauren Hammond
Sacramento City Council
Lauren Hammond is an SCC alumna who, in 1997, became the first elected African American Sacramento City Council member. After being re-elected for two additional terms, Hammond lost to Kevin Johnson in the Sacramento's 2008 mayoral election. Hammond also worked as a consultant to the California State Senate from 1981-2004. In addition she has been a candidate for the California State Assembly. In 2011 Hammond was appointed by Governor Brown and confirmed by the Senate to serve as a Commissioner on the state Gambling Control Board. She was reappointed by the Governor in 2014 and is currently serving on this regulatory agency.
David K. Marty
Los Rios Board of Trustees and alumnus
David K. Marty of Folsom was appointed September 18, 1985 by the Los Rios Community College District Board of Trustees to fill a vacancy created when Cherie Raffety resigned. Marty's experience in education includes 10 years as a member of the Folsom-Cordova Unified School District Board of Trustees, with several terms as president. He also was a member of the Sacramento County School Boards Association. His community involvement includes memberships in the Folsom Chamber of Commerce, the Sacramento Board of Realtors, the Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association, and the Sacramento chapters of the International Association of Financial Planners and Institute of Certified Financial Planners.
The Honorable John E. Moss
Former SJC Student, John E. Moss (1915-1997) served as a Sacramento Congressman for 13 terms. Graduating from Sacramento High School in 1932, Moss matriculated to SJC in the fall of that year. During the spring of 1933 he was an understudy in a college adaptation of Shakespeare's "Anthony and Cleopatra." He left college after only one academic year. Later Moss served in the U.S. Navy during WWII. He was first elected to the California Assembly in 1948. In 1952 he was elected to his first term representing the 3rd District in Congress. Among his many accomplishments was his authorship of the Freedom of Information Act. The John E. Moss Federal Building in Sacramento is named for him.
The Honorable Albert S. Rodda
Senator, Attended SCC 1946-1966
Albert S. Rodda graduated from Sacramento High School in 1929. After teaching for several years in Sacramento high schools, Rodda entered the United States Navy Reserve and was a gunnery officer in World War II. Leaving the Navy Reserve in 1946, he started teaching at SJC. In 1951, Rodda received a Ph.D. in history and economics from Stanford.
A Democrat, Rodda won a 1958 special election to the California State Senate. He was re-elected six times but was defeated in 1980. Rodda's best-known legislative legacy is SB 160, enacted in 1975 and taking effect in 1976, which established collective bargaining for California's public school teachers.
In 1983, Rodda left the Commission and was elected to the Board of Trustees of the Los Rios Community College District. He left the board in 1992. In 1980, the Los Rios Community College District Board named a new administrative-classroom complex at SCC as Rodda Hall.
The Honorable Tani Cantil-Sakauye
California Chief Justice, SCC 1978 graduate
Tani Gorre Cantil-Sakauye, a Filipino-American jurist, is the 28th Chief Justice of California. Nominated by Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger for California's highest judicial office on July 22, 2010, and retained in office by California voters on November 2, 2010. "The educational independence, responsibility and accountability I learned served me well at UC Davis, law school and even now on the court of appeal. SCC is the place where you can start to make your dreams come true," she said during her comments at the SCC 90th Anniversary celebration, where she was the guest speaker.
Healthcare and Science
Paul Clerkin
Biologist, Shark Researcher
Paul Clerkin studied at SCC, where he graduated as a distinguished scholar with President's Highest Honors after earning associate degrees in Biology, Chemistry, Physical Science, Sociology, and Humanities. In 2011, he began his studies at Moss Landing Marine Laboratories's Pacific Shark Research Center.
Herbert Copeland
Herbert Faulkner Copeland (May 21, 1902 – October 15, 1968) was an American biologist who contributed to the theory of biological kingdoms. He is responsible for the fourth kingdom, Monera. In 1966, he included bacteria and one of the most primitive algae, called blue green algae, under this kingdom. Herbert was a professor at Sacramento City College starting in the 1930's until the early 60's.
George Kambara
Ophthalmologist, MD
Dr. George Kambara graduated with the Associate of Art Degree from SJC in 1935. After completing his medical studies at Stanford University in 1941 he enjoyed a long and distinguished career as a teacher and practitioner in his chosen field of ophthalmology. Shortly after the outbreak of WWII, he and his wife spent thirteen months in a Japanese internment camp. In 1987, Dr. and Mrs. Kambara gave a gift of $200,000 to SCC to benefit Biology faculty and students.
John Ortego
John Ortego, PharmD is the owner of Parkside Pharmacy right here in Land Park by the Sacramento Zoo. He opened the pharmacy in 2009 in the same spot that was Land Park Pharmacy for 55 years. Dr. Ortego graduated from pharmacy school at the University of the Pacific in 2006. It was here at Sacramento City College that he completed a large portion of his pre-pharmacy work. Being a pharmacist wasn't something he decided he wanted to do until he had already finished a bachelor's in Anthropology and a master's in Arts Administration several years earlier at CSUS. 30 years old and newly married, he decided to go back to school and earn a degree that would assure a promising career when completed.
He credits SCC for providing all the classes and instruction he needed to be well-prepared for the challenging post-grad work in pharmaceutical sciences. He says that his experience here at SCC was on par with CSUS and UOP as far as quality of instruction and resources.
Dr. Heather Young
Associate Vice Chancellor for Nursing, Dean and Professor, Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, Dignity Health Dean's Chair for Nursing Leadership, Attended SCC 1981
A nurse leader, educator, scientist and nationally recognized expert in gerontological nursing and rural health care, Heather M. Young is the Dignity Health Dean's Chair for Nursing Leadership and founding dean of the Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing. Young is a UC Davis alumna, graduating in 1981 with a bachelor's degree in Dietetics followed by an Associate Degree in Nursing from Sacramento City College and a Bachelor of Science in Nursing degree from Southern Oregon State College. She then went on to the University of Washington, where she earned a Master of Science in Nursing degree with a specialty in gerontology and a Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing Science.
Margarita Colmenares
Hispanic Professional Engineer
Margarita Colmenares attended SCC during the latter half of the 1970's, and completed her education in Engineering at Stanford University. While at SCC she received a General Electric Scholarship and was named one of two Outstanding Graduates by the college in 1978. In 1989 Margarita Colmenares was the first Hispanic woman to be elected as national president of the Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers. A former scientist at Chevron, Ms. Colmenares has also received Presidential appointments from two administrations. Colmenares has most recently worked with green tech companies on energy use and storage. She also serves as a motivational speaker to Science, Technology, Engineering and Math students and educators and has been the subject in a Facts-on-File Books for young readers in the American Profiles series
Sherwood "Shakey" Johnson
Sherwood Johnson was a jazz patron and the founder in 1954 of Shakey's Pizza, which hosted live jazz-oriented music nightly. He was born in Sacramento, California, USA, the son of a California deputy attorney general, and a graduate of Christian Brothers High School (Sacramento, California). In 1943, after graduating, Johnson joined the U.S. Navy and served two years in the Pacific theater aboard the USS Alnitah . It was in the Navy that he got the nickname "Shakey." Johnson attended SJC, where he was known for a comedy act he performed with a fellow student.
Elton Rule
The former president and vice chairman on the board of the American Broadcasting Company made it to the top of the television industry with an associate degree from SJC, California, his only college degree. Elton Rule (1916-1990) was a 1938 Sacramento College graduate. Sacramento's KROY radio provided Rule's first job post college. After wartime service in the U.S. Army he returned to work in the broadcast industry. A series of successful jobs provided Rule with the opportunity to become the station manager for KECA now KABC television in Los Angeles in 1960. Under his management it became the leading station in the LA market. He later did the same for ABC-TV. As ABC"s president and CEO from 1970 to 1984 Rule piloted the third place network to first place by 1976. During Rule's tenure, ABC-TV revenues more than quadrupled to $2.7 billion.
Russ Solomon
Founder of Tower Records, alumnus
Russ Solomon attended SJC in the 1940s and was a photographer for the student newspaper called the Pony Express. While known for being the founder of Tower Records, Russ has often said if he "hadn't chosen music retail as a career, I would have pursued a career as a fashion photographer. My fascination with photography started as a young man when I received my first camera at the age of 16." In 2015, the photo gallery in the new Student Services building — named after him in 2016 — and the Kondos Gallery played host to an exhibit of some of Solomon's photo portraits of famous Sacramento natives.
Roger Valine
CEO, entrepreneur
Roger Valine attended SCC from 1968 to 1970 and later graduated from Sacramento State. Roger Valine joined Vision Service Plan (VSP) in 1973 where he later became CEO from 1992 to 2006. He built the company into the recognized leader in the eye care industry with over 2200 employees. The company offers eye care benefits to over 38 million members and is headquartered in Rancho Cordova, CA.
Melvin Venter
Former SCC student Mel Venter was a pioneer in radio broadcasting. The first radio broadcast from Hughes Stadium (then Sacramento Stadium) included Venter calling a football game. He soon ventured to San Francisco where he worked first as a spotter for sports broadcasts over KPO (now KNBR). By 1933 Venter was able to use his connections to arrange a big break for another former SCC student, bandleader Dick Jurgens, to land an important booking with regular radio broadcasts at the St. Francis Hotel. Venter then worked for KFRC and ended up hosting the long running and highly popular morning show, "The Breakfast Gang." It was an elaborate program with its own band, regular characters and lots of fun. That program carried Venter into the 1950's when he was able to transition to TV in San Francisco and again pioneer a new medium, broadcasting the news and later game shows.
Return to 'Looking Back'


Die Fairgrassen! is an Austenasian stop motion animation that was created by Charles, Duke of Grantabridge. It is known for its surrealism, its reference to illegal drugs, and general oddity - it could be described as a 'corrupt fairytale'. Die Fairgrassen! is also a homage to Charles' ethnicity - it honours his Anglo-Saxon and English ethnicity by being quintessentially English in nature and by only using one word not of ultimate Anglo-Saxon origin (excluding the title), which is "castle", which honours Charles' Norman ancestry, as the Normans were great builders of castles in England and they were the ones who introduced the word into English, and Die Fairgrassen! honours Charles' German ethnicity by having a title which is in part German, and in part nonsense German. Such as with Bogeyshire, Die Fairgrassen! is available for viewing on Grinning Kettles.
The story is narrated by a cartoon chap who introduces himself as "Engelbert Hitler" and greets the viewer-listener/s. Engelbert Hitler says that there was once a castle with grass so light in colour that it was known as "Fair Grass Castle", although (due to the fact that it looked like it was crudely built out of cardboard) some called it "Badly Built Castle Which Looks Like It Is Made Out Of 'Board". One day four of the people of Fair Grass Castle stole some cannabis from a large creature Engelbert Hitler describes as "stoor" and "bloodthirsty". This creature, who is known as "Gordon Brown", was very angry at this, so it took a stab at attacking Fair Grass Castle and its inhabitants, to try to retrieve its cannabis. One inhabitant is seen trying to escape. By the end of the day on which Gordon Brown did this, all of the people of Fair Grass Castle were dead - even the one previously seen getting away. According to Engelbert Hitler, Gordon Brown never found his cannabis, and swiftly grew up to become a seller of heroin. The nonsensical moral of this story, in the words of Engelbert, is that "fast food is ruddy lousy".
The original "Die Fairgrassen!" (which credited Charles by his former pseudonym of "Theledir") was released on YouTube on 22 January 2014. It was going to be released earlier, in 2013, but Charles stopped working on it and didn't return to the project for a while. It was re-released, with updated credits, in July 2014, on both YouTube and Grinning Kettles.
The fans of Bogeyshire (Charles' animated web series) became fans of Die Fairgrassen! too - apparently transforming the small Bogeyshire fandom into a fandom of Charles' brand of surreal stop motion in its entirety (Bogeyshire had gained a small fandom, with many of its fans being in the micronational community due to Bogeyshire's identity as a micronational (primarily Austenasian) series).
Die Fairgrassen! contains the models that portray Nathan Bedford Forrest, two other Bogeyshire Junkies and Child in Charles' web series of Bogeyshire. In Die Fairgrassen!, however, they are apparently portraying different characters, outside of the land of Bogeyshire.
The only named characters in Die Faigrassen! are called "Engelbert Hitler" and "Gordon Brown". The first name is a reference to Adolf Hitler, which, like the references to illegal drugs in the video, is a form of subtle black comedy. The second name is a reference to James Gordon Brown, another politician (who was the Prime Minister of Charles' native United Kingdom during a portion of Charles' childhood), which is a form of political satire (as the character of Gordon Brown is a bloodthirsty monster in Die Fairgrassen!). Gordon Brown the politician was also referenced in Charles' first stop motion animation, "Bobby the Alien", and in at least one other video of Charles' making.
The drawing which would become Engelbert Hitler in Die Faigrassen! was going to be featured in the unmade fourth episode of the original version of Bogeyshire. This Engelbert Hitler would have been the wise mentor to the hero, A Buggering Tooth, and would have been described as "magnificent" by the character of Nathan Bedford Forrest. Engelbert Hitler did end up appearing, after the two releases of Die Fairgrassen!, in the fourth episode of Bogeyshire that actually came to be - "Ashukovs to Ashukovs..." (which can be regarded as a sequel to Die Fairgrassen!, but only in the sense that it continues to look at the story of Engelbert Hitler).
The Grinning Kettles Cinema, where Die Fairgrassen! is broadcast.
This page was last edited on 9 March 2019, at 23:39.


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David Alan Holtze
Harvest Kitchen
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Popcorn shoots are small in size, averaging 5 to 10 centimeters in length, and have elongated, slender leaves with a short stem. The leaves are smooth, flat, and delicate, generally growing in an oval to cylindrical shape, and bear even, curved edges contributing to the shoot's sleek appearance. Popcorn shoots will appear bright yellow, pale yellow, white, to pale green, depending on the shoot's cultivation environment. If the shoots are sprouted in darkness, they will take on a yellow-white hue, while shoots cultivated in the sun will be greener and develop a more fibrous texture. In addition to the straight leaves, each shoot will have a white, firm, and crunchy stem. Popcorn shoots are crunchy, succulent, and tender. The shoots have a distinctly sweet flavor that lingers on the palate combined with a mild corn taste and a tart, grassy undertone.
Popcorn shoots are available year-round.
Popcorn shoots, botanically classified as Zea mays, are tiny, edible greens belonging to the Poaceae family. The shoots are naturally sprouted from flint corn kernels and are generally harvested 14 to 20 days after sowing. Popcorn shoots are traditionally grown in the dark in a process known as blanching. This prevents the shoots from undergoing photosynthesis and producing chlorophyll, resulting in the shoot's pale yellow-white coloring. Blanching also helps the shoots develop a crisp and tender texture. Popcorn shoots are sometimes known as Popcorn microgreens, Corn shoots, Gold Popcorn shoots, and Micro Gold shoots. The distinct shoots are favored for their very sweet flavor and are utilized by chefs as a surprising garnish to add color, taste, and texture to culinary dishes, elevating the dining experience.
Popcorn shoots are a source of vitamin A to maintain healthy organ functioning, vitamin E to protect the body against free radical damage, B vitamins to promote overall well-being, and vitamin C to strengthen the immune system while reducing inflammation. The shoots also provide calcium and phosphorus to build strong bones and teeth, potassium to balance fluid levels within the body, and other nutrients, including iron and magnesium.
Popcorn shoots have a sweet, subtly grassy flavor well suited as a finishing element over a wide array of appetizers, main dishes, and desserts. The tender shoots cannot withstand high heat and should be added at the end of the cooking process to prevent the leaves from wilting. The shoots also have a neutral taste, allowing them to be incorporated into sweet or savory preparations. Popcorn shoots can be tossed into salads, layered into burgers and sandwiches, or placed on caprese as a colorful appetizer. The shoots can also be garnished over roasted meats and seafood, scrambled with eggs, or used as a taco or burrito ingredient. Try adding Popcorn shoots to corn chowders, risottos, or sauteed veggies. The crispy shoots can also be blended into sauces such as pesto or fermented into a corn-mash liquor. Popcorn shoots pair well with jicama, cherry tomatoes, avocado, dill, mushrooms, potatoes, meats such as beef, poultry, and pork, and seafood including fish, shrimp, and crab. Whole, unwashed Popcorn shoots will keep up to ten days when covered to prevent light from penetrating the sealed container and stored in the refrigerator.
Popcorn shoots are grown from the same kernels used for popcorn. In the United States, popcorn was a staple food source among Southwestern Native American tribes, and researchers even discovered a 1,000-year-old popped kernel in a cave once inhabited by early peoples. Native Americans would typically eat popcorn by itself as a snack or incorporate it into soups, and European colonists later mixed the puffed kernels with milk and sugar as a breakfast dish. Native American folklore also believed that there were spirits inside each kernel of popcorn. When the kernels were heated, the spirits would become angry, eventually bursting out of their homes in a puff of steam, leaving behind the edible, crunchy food. While popcorn was the primary use for corn kernels for centuries, the kernels became favored for producing nutritious sprouts in the late 20th and 21st centuries. Popcorn shoots rose to fame in the United States during the 1990s. Microgreens appeared on the plates of high-end restaurants in the '90s, and Popcorn shoots were promoted as a sweet and unusual, edible garnish. Popcorn kernels must be soaked in water for 8 to 14 hours, drained, and then spread out in a container across planting medium. It takes approximately 1 to 2 days for the kernels to sprout, and the shoots can be grown in darkness or with light, depending on preference.
Popcorn shoots were created during the late 20th and early 21st centuries in the United States as a part of the booming microgreen trend used by high-end chefs. The crisp shoots were later offered to all chefs and home cooks through distributors, select retailers, and online businesses. The Popcorn shoots featured in the photograph above were developed at Fresh Origins Farm in San Diego, California, the leading American producer of naturally grown microgreens since the mid-1990s. Fresh Origins has been using the mild Southern California climate year-round to produce robust, healthy, and flavorful microgreens for over twenty years, and the farm closely partners with chefs to create innovative varieties with unique flavorings. Today Popcorn shoots can be found through select distribution partners of Fresh Origins across the United States, including Specialty Produce, and are also found through partners in Canada. They can also be found through grocers, online retailers, and distributors in the United States and Europe.
Zeca Trading Co. San Diego CA 619-410-1576
Campfire Bar Carlsbad CA 858-231-0862
Tahona (Kitchen) San Diego CA 619-573-0289
Lumi San Diego CA 619-955-5750
The Crossings Carlsbad CA 760-444-1800
InterContinental Banquet Kitchen San Diego CA 619-501-9400
Crudo Cevicheria & Oyster Bar San Diego CA 619-313-9127
Park Hyatt Aviara Carlsbad CA 760-448-1234
Barrel & Board San Diego CA 619-379-2574
Seneca Bar San Diego CA 619-588-2411
Barrel & Board - Bar San Diego CA 619-379-2574
Mothership San Diego CA 858-342-3609
Izakaya Maize/Rabih Sus La Mesa CA 619-395-6383
Tahona (Bar) San Diego CA 619-573-0289
Recipes that include Shoots Popcorn. One is easiest, three is harder.
Hallmark Channel Primavera Pizza with Popcorn Shoots


A powerful novel told in verse. How can Serafina become a doctor when each day is a battle to survive? Serafina's days are all more or less the same. Stomach-rumbling hunger. Fetching water. Sweeping dusty floors. Emptying chamber pots. Manman is having a baby, and if Serafina works hard, maybe this time the baby will live. Serafina made a secret promise with her best friend, Julie Marie. She promised to go to school and follow her dream of becoming a doctor. But with all this work to do, how can she study? And what will happen to Serafina – and her promise – when an earthquake hits?


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