text:
Fergus de Galloway (m. 12 mayo 1161) fue Lord de Galloway en el siglo XII. A pesar de que sus orígenes familiares son desconocidos, es posible que sea de ascendencia hiberno-nórdica. Aparece por vez primera de manera oficial en 1136, cuando atestigua una carta de David I, Rey de Escocia. Hay evidencias considerables que indican que Fergus estuvo casado con una hija bastarda de Enrique I de Inglaterra. A pesar de que su identidad es desconocida, es posible que sea la madre de los tres hijos de Fergus.

Fergus forjó una alianza matrimonial Óláfr Guðrøðarson, Rey de las Islas a través del matrimonio del último con Affraic, una hija de Fergus. Como consecuencia de esta unión, la rama principal de la dinastía de Crovan desciende de Fergus. Cuando Óláfr fue asesinado por una rama rival de la dinastía, Galloway fue atacado antes de que el nieto de Fergus, Guðrøðr Óláfsson, pudiera hacerse con el control de las Islas. Fergus y su nieto parecen haber supervisado operaciones militares en Irlanda, antes de que este último fuera derrocado por Somairle mac Gilla Brigte, Señor de Argyll. El hecho de que no haya registros de Fergus apoyando a Guðrøðr contra Somairle podría ser evidencia de una pérdida de autoridad de Fergus. Las fuentes contemporáneas ciertamente informan que Galloway fue golpeada por conflictos dinásticos durante la década.

La caída del poder de Fergus llegó en 1160, después de que Malcolm IV, rey de Escocia resolviera una disputa entre sus principales magnates y lanzara tres campañas militares a Galloway. Las razones para la invasión escocesa son desconocidas. Por un lado, es posible que Fergus precipitara los acontecimientos al atacar territorios escoceses. En los momentos posteriores al ataque, el rey llegó a acuerdos con Somairle lo que podría evidenciar que, bien había estado aliado con Fergus contra los escoceses o bien que había cooperado en la destrucción de Fergus. En cualquier caso, Fergus fue expulsado del poder, y obligado a retirarse a la abadía de Holyrood, muriendo al año siguiente. El Señorío de Galloway parece haber sido repartido entre sus hijos, Gilla Brigte y Uhtred, y la influencia escocesa penetró en Galloway.

Orígenes

Los orígenes familiares de Fergus son desconocidos. No aparecen patronímicos en fuentes contemporáneas, y sus descendientes posteriores no aparecen vinculados a ningún antepasado anterior a él. El hecho de que tienda a ser nombrado "de Galloway" en las fuentes contemporáneas sugiere que  era el cabeza de la familia más importante en la región. Tal parece haber sido el caso de su contemporáneo Freskin, un destacado colono de Moray, que era nombrado de Moravia.

Una fuente que podría arrojar algo de luz sobre los orígenes familiares de Fergus es el Roman de Fergus, un romance artúrico medieval, principalmente localizado en el sur de Escocia, que narra la historia de un caballero que puede ser el propio Fergus. El nombre del padre del caballero en esta fuente es una forma del nombre del vecino y contemporáneo  de Fergus Somairle mac Gilla Brigte, Señor de Argyll, y podría ser una prueba de que el nombre de Fergus llevara el mismo nombre.[Nota 2] Por otro lado, en lugar de ser evidencia de alguna relación histórica, los nombres podrían haber sido empleados en el romance simplemente por ser considerados típicamente gallovidianos. De todas formas, hay razón para sospechar que el romance es un pastiche o parodia de las composiciones de Chrétien de Troyes; y además de la coincidencia de nombres, el cuento tiene poco que aportar como fuente autorizada del Fergus histórico.

A pesar de la incertidumbre que rodea sus orígenes,  es posible que Fergus tuviera ancestros hiberno-nórdicos y gallovidianos. Tradicionalmente, los habitantes de Galloway miraban más a las Islas que a Escocia, y el núcleo de las tierras de su familia se ubicarían en el valle del río Dee y el área costera alrededor de Whithorn, regiones de importante poblamiento escandinavo. De todas formas, el hecho de que Fergus muriera ya anciano en 1161 sugiere que nació antes de 1100.

Primeros años

Fergus aparece por primera vez en los registros oficialmente en torno a 1136×1141, cuando él y su hijo, Uhtred, presenciaron la entrega de las tierras de Partick a la iglesia de St Kentigern en Glasgow.[Nota 3] La extensión exacta del señorío de Galloway en el siglo XII es incierta. Actas supervivientes de Fergus y Uhtred revelan una concentración de dotaciones en el centro de Galloway, entre los ríos Urr y Flota. Donaciones posteriores de tierras por descendientes de Fergus en el valle del Dee podrían indicar la expansión de territorio de este núcleo original. Hay evidencias que indican que Fergus se expandió hacia el occidente de Galloway. Sus descendientes son ciertamente asociados con el castillo de Cruggleton y las tierras vecinas. En 1140, durante su viaje de regreso de Clairvaux a Ulster, Máel Máedoc Ua Morgair, Arzobispo de Armagh hizo tierra en Cruggleton, según la Vita Sancti Malachiae, compuesta por Bernardo de Claraval. A pesar de que esta fuente asocia el castillo con los escotos, parece improbable que la autoridad real escocesa alcanzara la costa de Galloway, y la afirmación bien podría ser resultado de una confusión con la estancia anterior de Máel Máedoc en el castillo de Carlisle, entonces controlado por David I, Rey de Escocia. De hecho, la visita de Máel Máedoc a Cruggleton pudo haber implicado al señor local de la región, probablemente Fergus. El señorío de mediados del siglo XII, por tanto, parece haber estado centrado en la región de Wigtown Bay y la desembocadura del río Dee.

El hecho que Gilla Brigte, que bien pudo haber sido el primogénito de Fergus, que posteriormente parece haber tenido su territorio al oeste del río Cree, lo que podría evidenciar que la madre de este hombre era miembro de una familia prominente de la región. Tal alianza podría también explicar la expansión de Fergus hacia el oeste. En cualquier caso, el hecho que la Diócesis de Whithorn fuera recuperada aproximadamente en 1128, posiblemente por el propio Fergus, podría indicar que estableció intencionadamente una sede episcopal que abarcara todos sus dominios. La aparente extensión de la autoridad de Fergus a Galloway occidental pudo haber se visto facilitada por la desintegración del expansivo Reino de las Islas. A la muerte del reinante Guðrøðr Crovan, Rey de las Islas, estas se sumergieron en el caos, soportando periodos de violentos choques dinásticos que sobrepasaban el dominio noruego, además de invasiones irlandesas. Al final del primer cuarto del siglo XII, no obstante, el hijo más joven de Guðrøðr Crovan, Óláfr, parece haber sido restaurado en las Islas por Enrique I de Inglaterra. Esta restauración de la dinastía de Crovan parece haber formado parte de la extensión de la influencia ingesia en la zona del Mar de Irlanda. Otro aspecto de esta expansión fue el establecimiento de David, un hermano más joven del rey Alejandro I, como vasallo de Enrique I.

Aliado de los ingleses

Hay una cantidad considerable de evidencias que indican que Fergus se casó con una hija de Enrique I. Por ejemplo, hay documentos que sugieren que los tres hijos de Fergus—Uhtred, Gilla Brigte, y Affraic—estaban emparentados con la familia real inglesa. Específicamente, Uhtred es llamado primo de Enrique II, por Roger de Hoveden. A pesar de que fuentes específicas sobre Gilla Brigte no dan indicaciones similares, señalando potencialmente que no compartía madre con Uhtred, el hijo de Gilla Brigte, Donnchad, Conde de Carrick, era considerado como pariente del hijo y sucesor de Enrique II, Juan I de Inglaterra. Con respecto a Affraic, Robert de Torigni, Abad de Mont Saint-Michel remarcó que su hijo, Guðrøðr Óláfsson, Rey de Dublín y las Islas, estaba emparentado con Enrique II a través de la madre del último, Matilde, una de las hijas de Enrique I.

Enrique I parece haber tenido aproximadamente veinticuatro hijos ilegítimos. A pesar de que el nombre y la identidad de la mujer de Fergus son desconocidos, parece haber sido uno de las numerosas hijas bastardas de Enrique I, a través de las que el rey forjó alianzas matrimoniales con príncipes vecinos a lo largo de la periferia de su imperio anglonormando. La fecha de la primera atestiguación de Uhtred como máximo, mientras que el hecho de que Guðrøðr tuviera edad suficiente como para prestar homenaje al rey noruego en 1153 sugiere que Affraic no nació después de 1122. Tales fechas de nacimiento sugieren que el matrimonio de Fergus data de un periodo en el que la corona inglesa consolidaba su autoridad en el noroeste y extendía su influencia hacia el Mar de Irlanda. Desde la perspectiva inglesa, una alianza entre Enrique y Fergus habría asegurado un entendiendo con el hombre que controlaba una parte importante del flanco occidental de la esfera anglonormanda. De hecho, una de las hijas bastardas de Enrique I, Sibila, se casaría con el rey Alejandro, según parece no mucho tiempo después de la ascensión del último. El propio matrimonio de Fergus parece evidenciar no solo su estatus preeminente en Galloway, sino el grado de soberanía que poseía como su gobernante. Las uniones de Alejandro y Fergus evidencian la intención de Enrique I de extender la infulencia inglesa al norte del Fiordo de Solway.

David y la consolidación escocesa

El comienzo del siglo XII en Escocia vio el ascenso del hermano menor de Alejandro, David. La estrecha relación de éste con los ingleses, contribuyó a la adquisición final de una parte sustancial del sur de Escocia de Alejandro. Aproximadamente en 1113, David se casó con Matilde de Senlis, una rica viuda inglesa, y a través de ella tomó posesión de señorío extenso, conocido como el Honor de Huntingdon. Hacia mitad de siglo, el equilibrio de poder a lo largo del norte del reino anglonormando comenzó a favorecer a David.[Nota 4] En 1120, el único hijo legítimo de Enrique I murió junto a Ricardo de Avranches, Conde de Chester en el naufragio del Barco Blanco. El señorío de este último en las Marcas Galesas era una región crítica para el reino de Enrique, que respondió enviando a Ranulf le Meschin desde su señorío de Carlisle a las posesiones de Ricardo de Avranches a lo largo de la frontera galesa.

A la muerte de Alejandro en 1124, David asumió el trono. La concesión de Annandale a Robert de Brus parece no solo indicar la intención de la Corona escocesa de consolidar es control de la región, sino como declaración de las reclamaciones del reino sobre Cumbria. El matrimonio de Fergus con la hija de Enrique I, que parece datar de este periodo, pudo tener en cuenta esta situación. De ser así, la unión podría haber sido orquestada como medio, no solo de compensar el traslado de Ranulf, sino como un método para contrarrestar el dramático ascenso de David y el desequilibrio de poder que este originaba. Tras sacar a Ranulf del norte, Enrique llenó el vacío de poder con varios "nuevos hombres". Uno de estos recién llegados pudo haber sido Robert de Brus, un normando que había recibido con anterioridad extensas propiedades de la Corona inglesa. De hecho, es posible que fuera justo tras la salida de Ranulf cuando Robert de Brus recibió el señorío de Annandale. Si fue así, este último pudo haber sido insertado en la región por Enrique I, o quizás a través del esfuerzo conjunto entre Enrique y su entonces vasallo David para asegurar la frontera angloescocesa.[Nota 5] El aparente ascenso de Fergus en esta época pudo haber tenido cierta influencia sobre la operación de Annandale.

El propio Enrique estaba casado con la hermana mayor de David, Edith, una unión que le vinculaba estrechamente a la casa real escocesa. Mientras Enrique vivió, las relaciones entre él y David fueron armoniosas. Tras su muerte en 1135, no obstante, la paz entre los Escocia e Inglaterra quedó destrozada cuando su sobrino, Esteban de Blois, Conde de Boulogne y Mortain, ocupó el trono. Antes del fin del año, los escoceses avanzaron y capturaron Carlisle y Cumberland antes del restablecimiento de la paz. Las relaciones se rompieron al año siguiente, y los escoceses invadieron nuevamente en 1137, ocupando Northumberland, y presionando hacia York. Los relatos contemporáneas de los cronistas ingleses Richard Hexham y Ailred, Abad de Rievaulx señalan a los soldados Gallovidianos por sus atrocidades excesivas en la campaña de David. El desastre golpeó a los escoceses en 1138 en la Batalla del Estandarte, cuándo las fuerzas de David fueron totalmente derrotadas por los ingleses cerca de Northallerton.

Aunque los gallovidianos participaron en la campaña de David, no hay evidencia concreta que conecte a Fergus con las operaciones hasta después de su final.  Es posible que la declaración de Fergus de 1136 podría haber mostrado la participación gallovidiana en la campaña real. Si la esposa de Fergus era realmente hija natural de Enrique I, el propio Fergus podría tener una opción en la crisis sucesoria inglesa, al ser su esposa medio hermana del adversario de Esteban, Matilda, a quien Enrique I había designado como sucesora. La confirmación explícita del papel de  Fergus puede existir en los términos del tratado de paz subsiguiente, cuando Richard Hexham dejó escrito que uno de los rehenes que fue entregado a los ingleses como garantía fue el hijo de un conde llamado Fergus. El hecho de que no existiera un conde escocés de ese nombre sugiere que, a no ser que Richard Hexham estuviera equivocado, era Fergus a quien se referían. De todas formas, después de esta fecha no quedan pruebas de la implicación de Fergus en los asuntos angloescoceses.

Actividades eclesiásticas

En aproximadamente 1128, la Diócesis de Whithorn fue revivida después de tres siglos desde la consagración del último obispo diocesano. El resurgimiento es revelado por mandato papal de fecha diciembre de 1128, y el registro del juramento del obispo electo, Gilla Aldan, a Thurstan, Arzobispo de York entre aproximadamente 1128 y 1140.  Es incierto quién era la fuerza de detrás del renacimiento. Las conocidas actividades eclesiásticas de David podrían sugerir que era él el responsable. Por otro lado, la extensión de la autoridad de David en Galloway es cuestionable. En cuanto a Fergus, no hay pruebas concluyentes de que controlara el señorío en esta época o de que estableciera una sede.

El hecho que Gilla Aldan tuviera probablemente origen nativo—en oposición a las aparentes preferencias de David por los clérigos anglonormandos—y el hecho que Gilla Aldan profesara obediencia al Arzobispo de York—un eclesiástico cuya influencia sobre la iglesia escocesa David intentaba detener— parecen indicar que Gilla Aldan no había sido nombrado por los escoceses. Si Fergus fuera de hecho el impulsor del resurgimiento de Whithorn, esto hubiera ayudado a sus aspiraciones reales, ya que asegurar la independencia eclesiástica podría haber sido un paso importante para asegurar la independencia política. El sucesor de Gilla Aldan fue Christian, que fue consagrado en 1154 por Hugo de Amiens, Arzobispo de Rouen, que por otro lado, pudo haber estado trabajando para Roger de Pont l'Evêque, Arzobispo electo de York.

Fergus y su familia fueron importantes protectores eclesiásticos, trabajando con Agustinos, Benedictinos, Cistercienses, y Premonstratenses. Un diploma superviviente revela que Fergus concedió las tierras de Dunrod, Isla de St Mary (en la que un priorato fue construido en algún momento), y los alrededores de Galtway a la abadía agustiniana de Holyrood. Una lista de propiedades del siglo XV de los Caballeros Hospitalarios revela que Fergus había concedido a esta orden de las tierras de Galtway (en las parroquias medievales de Balmaclellan y Dalry) en algún momento. Esta transacción parece evidenciar aún más la alineación de Fergus con la Corona inglesa.

La necrología de la abadía de Newhouse dice que Fergus fue el fundador de una casa Premonstratense en Whithorn. Tanto él como Christian son mencionados en la necrología de la abadía de Prémontré como fundadores de un monasterio en Whithorn. El gobierno de Christian como obispo (1154–1186), y del reinado de Fergus como señor (×1160), sugiere que el priorato de Whithorn fue fundado en algún punto entre aproximadamente 1154 y 1160. Según los anales de Maurice de Prato, esta casa fue transformada en casa Premonstratense por Christian aproximadamente en 1177. Estas fuentes, por tanto, parecen revelar que Fergus fue responsable del establecimiento de una casa posiblemente agustiniana en Whithorn, mientras Christian fue el responsable de su posterior refundación como institución premonstratense. Tal cambio no era algo desconocido en Inglaterra o en el Continente.

Bien Fergus o David—o quizás ambos Fergus y David—pueden haber sido los fundadores de la abadía de Dundrennan, una casa cisterciense dentro de  los límites del señorío de Fergus. John Fordun y Walter Bower atribuyen su fundación solo a David, a pesar de que su contemporáneo John Hexham no menciona esta casa entre fundaciones conocidas de David. El hecho que Walter Daniel, un monje Cisterciense de la comunidad en Rievaulx, fuera altamente crítico con Galloway y sus habitantes puede evidenciar que Fergus probablemente no fuera el único fundador. La cercanía de David con los Cistercienses podría sugerir que el monasterio debió su formación, como casa hija de Rievaulx, a cooperación entre David y Fergus.

La abadía de Dundrennan parece haber sido fundada aproximadamente en 1142, lo que sitúa su formación en una época en la que David había extendido su poder en el suroeste. Tal fecha también coloca la fundación en el tiempo en el que Máel Máedoc estaba en la región, los cual puede apuntar a su implicación. De todas formas, si Fergus y David estuvieran implicados en la dotación de la abadía, el hecho de que fuera colonizada por Cistercienses de Rievaulx sugieren que era de algún modo una fundación penitencial por la infame contribución de los gallovidianos a la batalla del Estandarte cuatro años antes. Además, el hecho que el propio Thurstan hubiera sido responsable de la resistencia inglesa significaba que Fergus había guerreado contra su señor espiritual, y casi con seguridad había soportado repercusiones eclesiásticas como resultado. A ojos de los Cistercienses, Fergus y David eran responsables por no frenar las atrocidades cometidas durante la campaña, y Fergus fue señalado como responsable por la Vita de Walter Daniel Ailredi por miles de muertes.

Otra casa religiosa posiblemente fundada por Fergus gue la abadía de Soulseat, una casa Premonstratense ubicada cerca de Stranraer. Walter Bower y las necrologías lo dan por seguro. Aun así, el hecho que esta casa aparece parezca ser idéntica a la "Viride Stagnum" atestiguada por la contemporánea Vita Sancti Malachiae parece para ser evidencia que Soulseat nació como una casa cisterciense fundada por Máel Máedoc. Si Máel Máedoc y Fergus se conocieron durante la supuesta estancia del primero en Cruggleton, es concebible que Fergus le concediera las tierras en las que fundó una casa religiosa en Soulseat. Si Máel Máedoc de hecho fundó una casa Cisterciense en este lugar, claramente fue convertida en un monasterio Premonstratense no mucho tiempo después, bajo el impulso de Fergus. La iglesia de Cruggleton, cerca del sitio del castillo del mimo nombre, podría también haber sido levantada por Fergus.

Aunque la Hystoria Fundacionis Prioratus Insule de Traile de origen bajomedieval reclama que Fergus fundó el priorato de St Mary  Isle, las fantásticas reclamaciones de fundación preservadas en esta fuente no son corroborada por fuentes contemporáneas. Según una carta de confirmación que data de una década tras la muerte de Fergus, Fergus concedió la casa a la abadía de Holyrood. Una carta de confirmación de Guillermo I, rey de Escocia revela que el priorato de St Mary Isle pudo haber comenzado a existir en la época del nieto de Fergus, Roland fitz Uhtred, Señor de Galloway, pese a que el primer prior reconocido aparece en el siglo XIII. Los supuestos vínculos de Fergus con esta casa, por tanto, son dudosos. A pesar de que Walter Bower declaró que Fergus era responsable de la fundación de la abadía de Tongland, su bisnieto, Alan fitz Roland, Señor de Galloway, parece haberla fundado en el siglo XIII. La atribución errónea a Fergus de esta casa puede ser el resultado de un intento de realzar la antigüedad de su establecimiento enlazándola con el progenitor de la familia de Alan.La inspiración detrás del patrocinio eclesiástico de Fergus es incierta. Por un lado, es concebible que estuviera imitando o compitiendo con el extenso patrocinio de la monarquía escocesa. Por otro lado, conexiones familiares con los gobernantes de Inglaterra y las Islas podría haber jugado un papel en sus intereses eclesiásticos. Contactos con influyentes eclesiásticos como Máel Máedoc y Ailred podrían también haber inspirado las buenas obras de Fergus.

Además, la introducción de agustinos y Premonstratenses en Galloway puede haber sido parte de un proceso de revitalización de las diócesis reformada. La construcción de edificios eclesiásticos, muy parecidos a castillos, era a menudo un medio por el que los gobernantes medievales mostraban su preeminencia, lo que podría explicar las actividades eclesiásticas de Fergus. En efecto, sus fundaciones religiosas pueden indicar intentos por afirmar su autoridad en la región. Mientras la fundación de una sede episcopal parece haber sido una recurso por el que Fergus buscaba reforzar su independencia de los escoceses, su remarcable apoyo a órdenes religiosas reformadas puede haber sido un intento de legitimar sus aspiraciones regias.

Acontecimientos en las Islas

Alianza con Óláfr Guðrøðarson

A comienzos de su carrera, Fergus se vinculó a las Islas en forma de una alianza marital entre Affraic y Óláfr, el Rey de las Islas. A pesar de que la unión no es datada en fuentes contemporáneas, la estancia en Escandinavia realizada por el hijo de la pareja 1152 sugiere que el matrimonio fue concertado en los años 1130 o 1140. La alianza forjada entre Óláfr y Fergus proporcionó a la familia del primero conexiones familiares con la Corona inglesa, uno de las monarquías más potentes de Europa occidental. En cuanto a Fergus, la unión vinculó a Galloway más estrechamente a un reino vecino que había lanzado una invasión durante el señorío de Magnús Óláfsson, Rey de Noruega. La alianza con Óláfr también aseguró a Fergus la protección de una de las más flotas más potentes de Gran Bretaña, y le proporcionó un valioso aliado más allá de la órbita de la Corona escocesa.

Uno posible razón para la aparente falta de participación posterior de Fergus en los asuntos anglo-escoceses puede deberse a los acontecimientos en las Islas. A pesar de que la Crónica de Mann de los siglos XIII y XIV retrata el reinado de Óláfr como tranquilo, una evaluación más cuidadosa de su reinado podría indicar que navegó habilmente en un clima político incierto. Con relación a Fergus, la adquisición del reino de Dublín en 1142, por el Isleño Ottar mac meic Ottair, bien pudo representar una amenaza a la autoridad de Óláfr, y las perspectivas del nieto de Fergus. A mediados del siglo XII, el reino del envejecido Óláfr pudo haber empezado a ceder bajo la tensión, como quizás evidencian las depreciaciones llevadas a cabo en la tierra firme escocesa por el principal clérigo de Óláfr, Wimund, Obispo de las Islas. La confirmación de la preocupación de Óláfr por el problema sucesorio se preserva en la crónica, que afirma que Guðrøðr viajó al tribunal de Ingi Haraldsson, Rey de Noruega en 1152, donde Guðrøðr rindió homenaje al rey noruego, y aparentemente aseguró su reconocimiento a la herencia real de las Islas.

El año siguiente marcó un punto de inflexión en la historia del reino de las Islas con las muertes consecutivas de David y Óláfr. El último fue asesinado por tres hijos de su hermano exiliado con base en Dublin, después de los cual—los Haraldsonnar—se dividieron Mann entre ellos. Una vez en control, la crónica revela que los Haraldsonnar se fortificaron contra las fuerzas leales al heredero legítimo del reino lanzando un ataque preventivo contra Fergus. A pesar de que la invasión de Galloway fue rechazada con grandes bajas, una vez los Haraldsonnar regresaron a Mann la crónica informa que asesinaron y expulsaron a todos los gallovidianos que encontraron. Esta despiadada reacción evidentemente revela un intento de eliminar a las facciones locales partidarias de Affraic y su hijo. En cualquier caso, a los pocos meses del asesinato de su padre, Guðrøðr ejecutó su venganza. Reforzado con apoyo militar noruego, Guðrøðr venció a sus tres primos, y recuperó el trono.

Ascenso de Somairle mac Gilla Brigte

A mitad del siglo XII, Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn, Rey de Tír nEógain reclamó la corona suprema de Irlanda, un título entonces en poder del anciano Toirdelbach Ua Conchobair, Rey de Connacht. En 1154, las fuerzas de Toirrdelbach y Muirchertach se enfrentaron en una batalla naval en la costa de Inishowen. Según los Anales de los cuatro maestros del siglo XVII, las fuerzas de Muirchertach eran tropas mercenarias reclutadas en Galloway, Arran, Kintyre, Mann, y "los territorios de Escocia". Esta anotación parece indicar que Guðrøðr, Fergus, y quizás Somairle, proporcionaron barcos a la causa de Muirchertach  A pesar de que las fuerzas de Toirrdelbach obtuvieron una ajustada victoria, su poderío naval parece haber sido virtualmente anulado por la severidad del concurso, y Muirchertach marchó sobre Dublín poco después, obteniendo el poder sobre los Dublineses y asegurándose el título de rey de Irlanda.

La derrota de las fuerzas reclutadas en las Islas y la expansión posterior del poder de Muirchertach a Dublín, puede haber tenido repercusiones severas para la carrera de Guðrøðr. En 1155 o 1156, Somairle y un supuesto pariente de Ottar precipitaron un golpe contra Guðrøðr, presentando al hijo de Somairle, Dubgall, como sustituto de Guðrøðr. A finales de 1156, Somairle y Guðrøðr se enfrentaron y dividieron el Reino de las Islas entre ellos. Dos años más tarde el primero expulsó al segundo del trono y lo exilió.

Es incierto por qué Fergus no apoyó a su nieto contra Somairle. El registro de la captura de Domnall mac Máel Coluim en Whithorn en 1156, registrado en los siglos XII-XIII en la Crónica de Holyrood, y Gesta Annalia I, puede apuntar a Fergus. Domnall parece haber sido un hijo de Máel Coluim mac Alasdair, pretendiente al trono escocés y de alguna manera relacionado con Somairle. Tras la muerte de David en 1153, Somairle y Máel Coluim se habían alzado contra un recién inaugurado Malcolm sin mucho éxito. La posterior captura de Domnall en el oeste de Galloway, por tanto, podría evidenciar que los Meic Máel Coluim habían intentado hacerse por la fuerza con una base en el occidente de Galloway. No obstante, el que la crónica no haga ninguna mención al conflicto en Galloway, junto con el hecho que Whithorn era un centro espiritual más que un centro de poder secular, podría sugerir que Domnall estaba en la región en circunstancias menos violentas. De ser así, es concebible que Fergus podría originalmente haber forjado un entendiendo con los Meic Máel Coluim antes de que la presión de sus hijos le forzara a desertar la causa de Domnall. El hecho que la captura de este último precediera al golpe de Somairle podría sugerir que, a pesar de que Domnall podría estar intentando segurar el soporte de Galloway, una vez que las intenciones de Somairle contra Guðrøðr fueran evidentes, los Gallovdianos entregaron al pariente de Somairle a los escoceses.[Nota 9]

Sometimiento escocés de Galloway

Hay evidencias que sugieren que Fergus luchó por mantener el control de su señorío durante la década. Esta crisis pudo impedir su intervención en las Islas en apoyo de Guðrøðr. Como le ocurrió al anterior, el fracaso de la flota mercenaria de Muirchertach podría haber contribuido a la pérdida de la autoridad de Fergus. El desorden en el señorío es evidenciado por la Vita Ailredi, que revela que la región fue sacudida por conflictos dinásticos durante este periodo.

En 1160, Malcolm regresó a Escocia habiendo pasado meses haciendo campaña al servicio de los ingleses en el Continente. Después de solucionar desavenencias con numerosos magnates en Perth, la Crónica de Holyrood y la Crónica de Melrose revelan que lanzó tres expediciones militares a Galloway. Las circunstancias que rodean estas invasiones no son claras, aunque se sabe que Fergus se entregó a los escoceses antes del fin del año.[Nota 10] Específicamente, según Gesta Annalia I, una vez que los escoceses sometieron Galloway, los conquistadores forzaron a Fergus a retirarse a la abadía de Holyrood, y entregar a su hijo Uhtred, como rehén real. La Crónica de Holyrood y el Ordinale de Holyrood corroboran la jubilación monástica de Fergus, indicando esta última fuente la entrega por parte de Fergus de tierras en Dunrod a la abadía.[Nota 11]

Por una parte, es posible que Fergus hubiera precipitado la reacción de Malcolm por asolar los territorio entre los ríos Urr y Nith. El hecho que la Crónica de Holyrood describa a los oponentes Gallovidianos de Malcolm como "enemigos federados", sin mencionar a ninguno de sus hijos, sugiere que Fergus estuvo apoyado por otros cómplices. De hecho, es posible que Malcolm hubiera encontrado una alianza entre Fergus y Somairle. La evidencia de tal coalición puede existir en la cláusula de datación de un diploma que indica un acuerdo formal entre Somairle y Malcolm aquella Navidad. Además, el hecho de que varias iglesias cerca de Kirkcudbright sean registradas como pertenecientes en algún momento a Iona, un antiguo centro eclesiástico que Somairle intentó revivir durante su reinado en las Islas, podría sugerir alguna clase de acuerdo entre los gobernantes. Si Somairle y Fergus habían sido aliados, la caída del último, junto con el avance de la autoridad escocesa en la región de Solway, poder haber llevado finalmente a Somairle a llegar a un acuerdo con los escoceses. Una posibilidad alternativa es que el diploma evidenciara un apoyo de Somairle Malcolm en la supresión y destrucción de Fergus. Hay también razones para sospechar que Ferteth, Conde de Strathearn poseía alguna clase de afiliación con Fergus. No solo Ferteth parece ser el más destacado entre los magnates desafectos que confrontaron a Malcolm en 1160, pero su padre aparece como uno de los protagonistas en la  Batalla del Standard, y Ferteth contrajo matrimonio con una mujer cuyo nombre puede indicar que era nativa de Galloway.[Nota 13] Los conflictos familiares notados por la Vita Ailredi podrían indicar que los hijos de Fergus asistieran en su derrocamiento, o al menos hicieron poco para detenerlo.

Muerte y consecuencias

Fergus no vivió mucho tiempo después de su retiro, y murió el 12 de mayo de 1161, según informa la Crónica de Holyrood. Las fuentes supervivientes revelan que él overshadowed sus hijos durante su lifetime, con Uhtred presenciando solo tres cartas y Gilla Brigte ninguno en absoluto. El último exclusión aparente de asuntos de estatales podría ser pertinente a la animosidad subsiguiente entre el siblings, así como las dificultades Fergus afrontados con los hombres tarde en su carrera. A Fergus' muerte, el señorío aparece a ha sido partido entre los hermanos. A pesar de que  hay no evidencia concreta para Gilla Brigte  participación, las transacciones más tardías que implican Uhtred revelar que el último aguantó tierras en el más bajos Dee valle, según parece centrado en una área alrededor de Kirkcudbright. El hecho que esta región aparece para tener formado el núcleo de Fergus' los holdings podrían ser evidencia  que Uhtred era el sucesor sénior. Conceivably, Uhtred  allotment constó de el este de territorio del señorío del río Cree, whilst Gilla Brigte  la participación era todo  del este de este waterway.

Tras la destrucción de Fergus, la Corona escocesa redobló sus intentos de incorporar Galloway al reino escocés. Parece ser que a Uhtred le fue concedido el territorio entre los ríos Nith y Urr, mientas Gilla Brigte pudo haberse casado con una hermana de Donnchad II, Conde de Fife, el magnate gaélico más destacado del reino. La autoridad escocesa se estableció en el señorío a través de la implantación de funcionarios reales, y el poder escocés se proyectó aún más con la construcción de un castillo real en Dumfries. Actas reales supervivientes datadas tras la caída de Fergus indican que, desde la perspectiva de la Corona escocesa, el Señorío de Galloway había sido integrado al Reino de Escocia, y estaba sujeto al señorío de Malcolm.

Citas

Referencias

Fuentes primarias

Fuentes secundarias

Enlaces externos

Nacidos en año desconocido
Escoceses del siglo XII
Fallecidos en 1161

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Map two separate objects in new class with AutoMapper I have 2 models, Products and Categories, these are from the model on the repository:
IEnumerable<Product>
IEnumerable<Category>

I create a WebAPI and introduce AutoMapper eventually having code as below to return the products and categories in their own separate classes
public class ProductsController : ApiController
{
....
public IHttpActionResult Get()
    {
        try
        {
            IEnumerable<Product> products = GetProducts();
            var mappedResult = _mapper.Map<IEnumerable<ProductModel>>(products);

            return Ok(mappedResult);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            return InternalServerError(ex);
        }
    }

As i say same code in a new class for Category. Notice the new model for this class so its separate from the Domain model (ProductModel).
I now would like to create a page in my MVC application (not .Net Core) which needs to display a list of categories in a dropdown and list the products with a foreach loop. I create a new class as below
Public Class ProductsAndCategoriesModel
{
        public ProductModel Products { get; set; }
        public CategoryModel Categories { get; set; }
}

The idea here is to have a new method to load the same products and categories data but in its own class. Im following the same convention as above but how do i map two different data sources to this one class using AutoMapper?
            var mappedResultProducts = _mapper.Map<IEnumerable<ProductsAndCategoriesModel>>(products);
            var mappedResultCategories = _mapper.Map<IEnumerable<ProductsAndCategoriesModel>>(cats);

            //return Ok(mappedResult);

I need to map products to Products found in ProductsAndCategoriesModel and Categories found in ProductsAndCategoriesModel. I tried to pass in categories but couldnt as it threw a compiler exception. How could i achieve this?
Edit 1
    public ProductCategoryProfile()
    {
        CreateMap<Product, ProductsAndCategoriesModel>();
        CreateMap<Category, ProductsAndCategoriesModel>();
    }

A: No need to make things more complicated than they should be. Why don't you simply do it like this:
Model class:
public Class ProductsAndCategoriesModel
{
    public IEnumerable<ProductModel> Products { get; set; }
    public IEnumerable<CategoryModel> Categories { get; set; }
}

Mapping profile:
public ProductCategoryProfile()
{
    CreateMap<Product, ProductModel>();
    CreateMap<Category, CategoryModel>();
}

Controller:
public IHttpActionResult Get()
{
    try
    {
        IEnumerable<Product> products = GetProducts();
        IEnumerable<Category> categories = GetCategories();

        var result = new ProductsAndCategoriesModel
        {
            Products = _mapper.Map<IEnumerable<ProductModel>>(products),
            Categories = _mapper.Map<IEnumerable<CategoryModel>>(categories)
        }

        return Ok(result);
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        return InternalServerError(ex);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Here is the request for comments proposal of the upcoming crafting/trading mechanics and related stuff.
The first thing to mention would be new resources: Metal, Silicon, Biomass, Mist. These resources will be distributed unevenly across the world map: one resource type per map quadrant (NW, NE, SW, SE). Each shard gets its own distribution of resources. Deposits will appear in neutral empty "highway" rooms that divide living sectors on the map together with extractors for them. Unlike regular minerals, they exhaust as you harvest them: the more you harvest, the longer extractor cooldown becomes. They vanish when you stop harvesting it to reappear elsewhere nearby. We believe this mechanics introduces various harvesting scenarios with interesting tradeoffs without a single best solution.
Then, we're introducing a new structure type: Factory. Factories are supposed to produce commodities out of traditional minerals, the aforementioned new resources, and other commodities. The sole purpose of produced stuff is to be sold to NPC traders, there is no use of them in the game mechanics.
This is important: commodities will become the only resource types NPC traders are interested in, they will stop buying raw minerals once factories go live (NPC sell orders will remain). Now, if you want an NPC trader to buy your, say, Lemergium, you need to process it into Lemergium Bar first. NPC traders will buy all types of commodities constantly adjusting their prices based on the supply, there is no fixed price for anything. Players will continue to place buy orders for anything they want, of course.
Once a room reaches control level 7, you can build a factory in the room. A newly built factory has no level which means it can produce a few commodities out of all kinds of existing minerals. These goods supposed to be a cheap reward for basic usage of the new mechanic, they also can be used to store resources in a 'compressed' form (they can be uncompressed later).
Players having access to the new resources will be able to produce additional commodities.
The full use of the new mechanic is possible with Operators only, and their OPERATE_FACTORY power (effect duration 1000 ticks, power cooldown 800 ticks, but we're still considering other timings too). When an Operator uses power on a factory without a level, the level of the factory is permanently set to the level of the power, and the same effect is applied on the factory providing the ability to produce commodities of the corresponding level. The factory can only produce commodities of exactly the same level, or 'any level' commodities. Once set, the factory level cannot be changed. When the effect duration ends, the factory simply becomes inactive, but its level remains the same. You need an Operator with the same power level to reactivate it again. The power of another level will not be applied, the only way to change the factory level is to rebuild it (and the construction cost will be quite high).
Thus, in order to implement the full chain by yourself, you'll need 6 factories and 5 operators. If you want to produce all chains in parallel, multiply it by 4. Sometimes it will be more reasonable not to implement a "vertically integrated business", but buy intermediate commodities from other players to produce higher level commodities. NPC traders will be adapting their prices all the time to make such schemes profitable.
Some other changes. We have plans to load commodities into upcoming NPC Strongholds which makes it much easier to take your reward because high-level commodities supposed to be far more expensive per one resource unit than raw minerals and even Tier 3 boosts. Also, it just fits better in the game lore, NPC will possess something that is interesting for NPC. The same with "caravans" and other PvE events, we will mostly use commodities as a reward.
Also, we're going to increase market orders limit up to 300 so that everyone can participate in full in this new trading shenanigans. It will require to add some new order expiration rule to do that, but we're still working on the details, follow the PTR news.
Awesome! I think this is great.
Regional resources are interesting. Makes different areas of the map different. Doesn't really matter, except you want to have a monopoly in your region and it's flavour.
The power creep interaction I was luke-warm on at first, but actually I think potentially addresses a lot of issues with Operators right now. Today it seems the best strategy is to have a few high level power creeps. With this change I do not think that is neccessarily true any more: the production chains are triangular meaning you need a multiple level 1 factories to feed one level 2 (and so on). This means many power creeps are better than fewer for factories. But... they're worse for everything else. That's a great tradeoff IMO. One issue I have right now is that the triangle extends down to level 0. If I need 36 inputs for 1 Phlegm, surely that means I want a 36:1 ratio of level 0 to level 1? I guess it depends how much operate factory boosts production, if at all, but today that seems like I'd have one of each level 1+ factory, then loads of level 0. I'd prefer the triangle to actually be triangular.
The mining system looks interesting. Going to have to wait-and-see. The exact mechanics of how the cooldown works will matter a lot.
If I need 36 inputs for 1 Phlegm, surely that means I want a 36:1 ratio of level 0 to level 1?
No, different products will have different factory cooldowns, they are not equal to each other.
Will those commodities have any use except for trading?
I expect it will cause great price inflation with much more income from the NPC traders and nowhere to spend those extra credits.
@tgdgnu do you think it will create more price inflation than the existing NPC credit-creation?
@wtfrank I think it probably will. It's a mechanic designed to make credits and presumably the higher tier products will be worth more credits per mineral unit than current NPC orders.
Whether price inflation is actually a problem I am less sure. I imagine it'll reach some new equilibrium. It's bad news for people with a lot of credits stockpiled, but long term not a big deal, I would have thought.
Peacetime credit sinks right now are buying minerals from NPCs and buying energy from players. I don't see why "buying minerals from NPCs" can't change to "buying minerals from players" as I imagine the mineral price you can get from players will end up roughly in balance with the NPC level 0 prudct prices.
@tgdgnu From the post above: The sole purpose of produced stuff is to be sold to NPC traders, there is no use of them in the game mechanics.
There won't be any additional credits influx from NPC traders, it will be just redistributed in a different way between different resources. Inflation will be exactly the same.
Isn't it enough incentive to have more credits?
So, given that the production chains do not appear to have any overlap, there seems to be no need to trade for other types of resources, as you can get a full production chain with just the resource class in your quadrant.
Also, it would be interesting if Bars were made out of 10 of each mineral, but could be de-compressed with another factory. This, along with compressed energy, would allow factories to compress resources for ease of transport, as long as another factory was at the destination to decompress the resources.
Also, we're going to increase market orders limit up to 300 so that everyone can partipicate in full in this new trading shenanigans.
That would be a good time to replace that hard-coded "50" in your engine code with an actual game constant. Please and thank you.
I feel like if terminals are level 6 and extractors are level 6 and NPCs won't buy minerals then the factory should be level 6 as well otherwise smaller markets won't function correctly (There can be jamup of minerals with no outlet).
And the cooldown or processing rate of the level 0 commodities needs to such that they beat out mineral regen time if ran consistently, otherwise it effectively nerfs harvesting minerals.
Oh boy, while this really addresses most of my complaints I worry about its complexity.
But please before you jump right ahead into its realization I urge you to look carefully at the current mechanics and do some rebalancing/refinement/reconsidering.
Low level players still are up against really unfair mechanics when they engage against high level opponents. There should be at least the possibility of a ROI.
I feel like these mechanics will diversify the Gameplay big time and make Credits really essential to the game.
That was really missing IMO.
Overall I do like the idea of where this is going but I do have some questions/concerns.
Gaining credits before factories. If I understand correctly NPCs will stop buying base minerals. This means that someone who either cannot access factories for some reason, or who chooses not to is really cut out of the market. There is also the possibility that the player base ruins the new commodity market and no one uses it. Then we will have no place to really dump materials. I think we should keep the NPC buy orders for minerals but also have it fluctuate just like the commodity market.
Robustness of the market. Currently the market is extremely basic in its functionality. I think it could use some updating and should probably take some cues from Eve Online's market. Below are things I think it needs.
Broker's Fee - This fee would be charged when interacting with your market order. Creating an order and modifying an order price would invoke a Broker's Fee. The fee would be a certain percentage of the cost of the order and also have some minimum. This fee could be scaled positively or negatively based on the amount of active orders out there. The main purpose of this fee is to help control inflation and deflation.
Better Market Tools - Currently from what I understand there is no way to see past trends in the market without manually inquiring the market orders and processing them yourself. Yet the market page shows a daily history of units sold, average prices, and the standard deviation. Would it be possible to have that accessible by our code? Better market tools can mean more people actually use the market.
Market Arbitrage - Will NPC prices be based per shard or will they be globally the same? There could be a large ability for market arbitrage if they are set per shard.
Power Creep Interaction - Will the Operator power regen_mineral affect these new mining nodes? I hope it does because right now it feels pretty lackluster.
How do we use a level 0 factory? Can any power creep use operate_factory without putting levels in it? If not then I am not sure how we maintain a level 0 factory with a level 1+ operate_factory power.
How many factories are we looking at in a single room? Is it just 1 factory per room or will there be multiples? Would it also be possible to have multiple factories built but only a certain amount of them active?
Overall I really like this idea and can't wait to see it go forward. I am also intrigued by having compressed materials like energy or basic minerals. That would make transporting things cross shard much easier. Can't wait to see what everyone comes up with.
Honestly, we might leave some amount of raw minerals NPC buy orders though, it's not set in stone yet. Their prices would be just low enough to encourage you to process them into something more lucrative for NPCs.
I ~kinda~ like the idea of decoupling NPC market from player market in terms of stuff on sale. Hopefully NPCs will be also more active in buying stuff we produce, w/o the need to fulfill orders 50-60 rooms away from you, which was a big barrier for entry as I remember back from my starting days, due to energy cost.
I'm hoping this will liven up the markets even more so than new shard trades have, as this will have lower entry barrier. I also hope it would make shard3 market liven up even more.
All of this and new InterShardSegment should make inter-shard trade even more viable and easier to enter to. Also as a good goal for people starting off on shard3 to subscribe and try to expand onto other shards.
I like the spreading of levels across factory levels and tying them to power creep levels. Agree with Tigga's assessment of it.
Personally, would like to see some cross-discipline materials (could be tiered too: T3 takes two different discipline materials, T4 takes three, and T5 takes all four) as well, I think that would foster inter-player trade as well as buying intermediates from NPCs to make them locally. Maybe something to look into for later update to factories?
I like the compressed energy idea a lot.
I'll definitely second KyraLee's sentiment on need for better market tools. Having trends accessible via API would be a great boon alongside the increased order count.
Broker's fee is already present in the game. Sales tax - I don't think it fits well here, since there is energy transfer cost. Market stats access from the API sounds reasonable, we might consider that.
NPC prices adjusting behavior will be the same as it currently works, i.e. per shard.
It will be most probably reworked somehow.
You don't operate level 0 factories, they are always operational.
1 factory per room, like a storage or a terminal.
Is there any potential plan to add a use for the materials other than selling to NPCs? It seems like a waste to make 20+ new resource types that are only good for selling.
@crusher48 No, there is not. If "good for selling" is "only" for you, then this mechanic is clearly not for your play style It's for people who like crafting and trading.


Find your cylindrical grinding machine easily amongst the 834 products from the leading brands (Knuth Machine Tools, Studer, EMAG, ...) on DirectIndustry, the industry specialist for your professional purchases.
Mar 24, 2018· Salt Grinding Machine, Salt Grinding Machine Suppliers . Salt Grinding Machine, Wholesale Various High Quality Salt Grinding Machine Products from Global Salt Grinding Machine Suppliers and Salt Grinding Machine Factory,Importer,Exporter at cylindrical grinding machine dealers in mumbai. . surface grinding machine.
Cnc Cylindrical Grinding Machine CNC Cylindrical Grinding Machine Our customers can avail from us qualitative range of CNC Cylindrical Grinding Machine, which is highly resistive to extreme conditions, temperature and fire. These products offered by us have carved a niche in the market.


One of us (Steve) has tried numerous ways of expediting recovery in the athletes he coaches after intense training sessions, but by far the most effective is social interaction. That's right—Steve's secret isn't massage, compression, or cryotherapy. It's cultivating fun and laid-back environments where his athletes can hang out with each other. Following competitions or especially challenging practices, Steve more or less mandates his athletes attend team breakfasts, lunches, or movie/game nights. Fascinating new science backs him up.
The ratio of the hormones testosterone to cortisol acts as a good indicator of systemic recovery (the higher this ratio, the better). A study out of Bangor University in the UK found this ratio was higher in athletes who went through their post-game analysis in a social environment with friends than in athletes who went through it in a neutral environment with strangers. What's more, the group in the social environment actually performed better in competition a week later. That's because "a friendly post-exercise setting—particularly being able to talk, joke, and debrief with other athletes—seems to help with recovery and future performance," lead author on this study, Christian Cook, Ph.D., professor of physiology and elite performance at Bangor University.
When we shared this with Kelly McGonigal, Ph.D., she wasn't surprised. "The basic biology of feeling connected to others has profound effects on stress physiology," she says. The positive effects of social connection include increasing heart rate variability (HRV), shifting the nervous system into recovery mode, and releasing hormones such as oxytocin and vasopressin that have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. "What's even crazier is that oxytocin helps your heart repair. It's pretty poetic that feeling connected to others literally fixes a broken heart," she adds.
Although you can use social recovery throughout the day, it's only effective if the environment is relaxed. Going to coffee with a colleague only to discuss work won't do you much good. That's why we recommend this strategy for the end of your workday.
But that doesn't mean it's easy. When you are feeling stressed, often your natural inclination is to retreat inward and wall yourself off from the outside world. In the worst cases, the stress lingers and grows and you put yourself at risk for a vicious cycle of rumination. Just ask an athlete who finished an intense training session and isn't feeling so good about it, an artist who got nothing done at the studio, or a businessperson who had a rough day at the office. Even though we may not always want to be sociable, the benefits of surrounding ourselves with friends and kicking back are enormous, especially following demanding situations.
Brad Stulberg is a former consultant, an avid athlete and outdoor enthusiast, and a health and science writer who focuses on human performance. Steve Magness is a coach to some of the top distance runners in the world and has been on the forefront of innovation in sport thanks to his integration of science and practice. They are the authors of Peak Performance: Elevate Your Game, Avoid Burnout, and Thrive with the New Science of Success.
The article The Scientific Reason You Should Get Drinks With Friends This Week originally appeared on Rodale Wellness.


We are now recycling more of our waste than ever but the best way to manage our waste is not to produce it in the first place.
Preventing or reducing waste is the most sustainable and environmentally beneficial thing you can do with your waste. Here are our favourite easy ways to reduce and reuse your rubbish.
Recycling electrical items Do you have an electrical item you no longer want? Don't bin it, bring it!
Reduce paper waste You can reduce the amount of paper you need to recycle by signing up to stop junk mail or by signing up to view your statements and bills online.
Recycling old clothing and textiles These materials are very valuable and shouldn't be sent to landfill. There are many ways in which they can be reused or recycled.
Sell or give away unwanted reusable items Your unwanted items maybe just the thing for someone else. There are lots of website where you can sell, swap or give away items.
Home composting Home composting is the most environmentally friendly method of dealing with organic waste. Most food and garden waste can be recycled back into the soil, via composting.
Reduce food waste We throw away 7 million tonnes of food and drink from our homes every year, the majority of which could have been eaten.


Thank you for your interest in attending a free educational seminar at KALSEE Credit Union. We look forward to hosting you soon!
Give us a call at 269.382.7800.
Securities sold, advisory services offered through CUNA Brokerage Services, Inc. (CBSI), member FINRA/SIPC, a registered broker/dealer and investment advisor. CBSI is under contract with the financial institution to make securities available to members. Not NCUA/NCUSIF/FDIC insured, may lose value, no financial institution guarantee. Not a deposit of any financial institution.


As stated on the official website of Nova Scotia, "It's not an exaggeration to say Halifax, a city on the sea, owes its existence to the Citadel." It is in acknowledgement of this strong history that the globally unique shape of the Halifax Citadel is used as the foundation for this crest.
Officially named Fort George, the current Citadel was completed in 1856. It's distinctive star shape is typical of 19th century British garrisons.
The Macdonald Bridge opened in 1955 and for the first time in the Province's history, Dartmouth and Halifax gained access to 24/7 travel across the Halifax Harbour. This bridge will be used by supporters from the Dartmouth region on match day and represent a unity between supporters from across both sides of the harbour.
A city shaped by the ocean, the club's features the Atlantic represented with a 'W' weave in honour of the historic Wanderers name.
An anchor sits at the base of the crest to represent the region's proud nautical history.
The club name was chosen virtually from the beginning inspired by the famous grounds at Halifax commons, and by the supporters who adopted the moniker almost immediately. By virtue of it's Atlantic coast location, the club will be "wandering" farther than most.
The first colour in the palette of the HFX Wanderers, Harbour Sky is inspired by dusk skies on the region's shores.
With headquarters in the heart of Downtown Halifax, Maritime Forces Atlantic is the largest formation of the Royal Canadian Navy and also one of the largest employers in the Halifax area. The club's steel-shaded grey pays tribute to the ships of the fleet.
The Atlantic Ocean shapes the city, provides it's citizens and forms the identity of the region. The Halifax region owes its presence – unique from anywhere else in Canada – to the beauty of the water.


text:
From Precaution to Profit
Contemporary Challenges to Environmental Protection in the Montreal Protocol
Brian J. Gareau
View Inside Format: Paper
Why, when global environmental protection efforts have never been more important, is the world's most widely acclaimed environmental agreement failing?
The Montreal Protocol has been cited as the most successful global environmental agreement, responsible for phasing out the use of ozone-depleting substances. But, says Brian Gareau in this provocative and engaging book, the Montreal Protocol has failed—largely because of neoliberal ideals involving economic protectionism but also due to the protection of the legitimacy of certain forms of scientific knowledge. Gareau traces the rise of a new form of disagreement among global powers, members of the scientific community, civil society, and agro-industry groups, leaving them relatively ineffective in their efforts to push for environmental protection.
Brian J. Gareau is associate professor of sociology and international studies at Boston College. He lives in Concord, MA.
"Excellent. . . will spur a flurry of much-needed debate and scholarship."—Michael Goldman, author of Imperial Nature
"From Precaution to Profit makes great strides in better understanding the intertwined issues of political economy, global environmental issues, and contested societal responses…. The documentation and readable storytelling actually puts this among the most insightful writings I've read on ozone politics since Richard Benedick's 1998 Ozone Diplomacy."—Max Boykoff, University of Colorado
"If you thought that the Montreal Protocol stands as a beacon of hope for future intergovernmental cooperation to tackle environmental problems, then you need to think again. By looking beyond the early success of the Protocol, Brian Gareau shows how profit-hungry agro-foods companies have sought to place their private interests above those of the public and the non-human world. The Protocol, it turns out, has been subject to the same neoliberal mindset that has so far compromised attempts to drastically reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. If this mindset can't be broken soon, then the environmental future looks very bleak indeed."—Noel Castree, Manchester University
"This extraordinary story of California strawberry growers and neo-liberalism holding the crucial Montreal Protocol on ozone depletion to ransom simply must be read by anyone concerned about the global environment."—Simon Dalby, CIGI Chair in the Political Economy of Climate Change, Balsillie School of International Affairs
"A lesser author would have concluded with unqualified pessimism. To his credit, Gareau uses his analysis as an opportunity to explore lessons and possible solutions. This is an extremely important book." —Choice
"From Precaution to Profit makes it clear that nation-states are the decisive actors, and that global institutions have limited power to coerce the most powerful national governments. Gareau has helpfully specified the ways that neoliberalization is undermining global environmental governance."—Daniel Aldana Cohen, Journal of World-Systems Research
"Brian Gareau's insightful From Precaution to Profit dives deep into a cavernous hole in what is widely considered to be the most successful international environmental treaty in history."—Social Forces
"From Precaution to Profit is an outstanding book that makes an extremely valuable contribution to our understanding of global environmental governance. Gareau's work should be widely read by both environmental sociologists and those interested in global and transnational processes."—American Journal of Sociology
"[This] book would make an excellent contribution to graduate courses in environmental sociology, the sociology of knowledge, or the sociology of globalization. The story Gareau weaves may not be as delicious as the strawberries on the book's cover—but, as my mother would say, we should eat (well, read) it because it's good for us."—Wesley Longhofer, Social Forces
Selected as a Choice Outstanding Academic Title for 2013 in the International Relations Category.
384 pages, 5 1/8 x 8
6 b/w illus.
Also of Interest More from this Author Books from this Series
Thirst for Power
Energy, Water, and Human Survival
A Field Guide to Cape Cod
Including Nantucket, Martha's Vineyard, Block Island, and Eastern Long Island
Patrick J. Lynch
Abundance within Planetary Boundaries
Johan Rockström and Mattias Klum; With Peter Miller
Climate Diplomacy from Rio to Paris
The Effort to Contain Global Warming
William Sweet
The Bet
Paul Ehrlich, Julian Simon, and Our Gamble over Earth's Future
Paul Sabin
The Snail Darter and the Dam
How Pork-Barrel Politics Endangered a Little Fish and Killed a River
Zygmunt J. B. Plater
Organic Futures
Struggling for Sustainability on the Small Farm
Connor J. Fitzmaurice and Brian J. Gareau
Yale Agrarian Studies Series
Revolution, Resistance, and Reform in Village China
Edward Friedman, Paul G. Pickowicz, and Mark Selden
Nongovernmental Organizations in Environmental Struggles
Politics and the Making of Moral Capital in the Philippines
Raymond L. Bryant
Cold War Ecology
Forests, Farms, and People in the East German Landscape, 1945-1989
Imperial Nature
The World Bank and Struggles for Social Justice in the Age of Globalization
Michael Goldman
Smart Alliance
How a Global Corporation and Environmental Activists Transformed a Tarnished Brand
J. Gary Taylor and Patricia J. Scharlin
Farmers' Bounty
Locating Crop Diversity in the Contemporary World
Stephen B. Brush
Science > Environmental Studies
Economics > General

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Featured, News, Seria A, Today's Picks
15 January, Betting Tip of The Day: Milan v Inter Preview
It's the 190th derby between Milan and Inter ever since their rivarly started back in 1929. The Nerazzuri have climbed their way back to the upper spots of the Seria A, with five straight wins they are now in fifth place. Juventus made a bad step today and drew at home with Cagliari, so Inter could theoritically get back in the title chace with a win in this derby as they are currently trailing by 9 points. A win for Inter will cut that deficit to 6. That will be a huge incentive for Ranieri's men.
The Interesting fact about this Milan v Inter prediction making it the top betting tip for today is that this particular derby which is one of the biggest in football has not ended in a draw since 2004. That's 16 straight city derbies without a draw, and such a run is just too long. Simply put, it should be an Inter win or a draw here, and both picks are offered at odds of over 3.50.
Inter have Sneijder and Forlan back, but they will both be on the bench, while Alvarez and Pazzini will be the respective replacments in the starting lineup. Milito will be the other forward, while Cambiasso, Zanetti, and Motta will be in the middle. Thus, we expect Inter to be stronger in the second half, so it could Draw/Inter Win in terms of Half Time/End Result.
Milan v Inter Prediction: It's a close call this one. Milan won the last three derbies, so it's Inter's turn now. At the same time though, it's never easy against Milan who have been superior all season long. Inter won't lose this game and that's the bottom line here. The value is on them to win as same bookies online offer 4.00! So 1/x and 2/x as First Half/End Result are real value bets @ 15.00 as well.
Inter to Win @ 4.00


If we had hooves, we'd clap them together in joyful appreciation of The Cow: a luxury inn near Derby that was a frill-free pub in another life. Reasons to gather your herd and come here include: the best-of-British restaurant (which dishes up devilishly good flatbreads and small plates); the 12 romantic rooms (each with winsome views of the green and verdant countryside), and the snug-as-a-bug bar, where gin-lovers can get their fix – and then some. Farmyard-fabulous flourishes come courtesy of cow-themed artworks, striking lighting and statement furniture, including a hefty butcher's block that has been reimagined as a table.
Double rooms from $108.30 (£83), excluding tax at 20 per cent.
Rates usually include breakfast; pick from Continental and Full English options.
Kitchen garden, free WiFi, on-site parking. In rooms: Nespresso machine, TV, WiFi, desk, minibar, free bottled water, tea- and coffee-making kit. Ground-floor rooms also have French doors leading to a private patio.
Room 10 is in the eaves, with a huge bed and a bright and airy feel. We also fell for Room 3, which feels quiet and private, thanks to its tucked-away perch at the back of the inn.
No need to lug your GHDs along – hair straighteners are provided.
The six ground-floor rooms are all doggy-friendly. Bringing Fido will cost you £15 a night; beds and food bowls are provided. See more pet-friendly hotels in Derbyshire.
Leave the little 'uns at home.
The obvious rules apply here: sit by the crackling fire when it's chilly; out on the sun-kissed terrace when it's not.
Walking boots and Barbour by day, and not much more formal by night. The locals don't dress up.
The tapas-style menu may look to Spain, but its ingredients and produce are firmly best-of-British. Ninety per cent of what goes on the Cow's plate is sourced from local suppliers: Daltons of Ashbourne Dairy, Anthony Andrews Butchers in Duffield and the Staffordshire Cheese Company in Cheddleton, for example. Highlights from our visit include the flatbread with honey-glazed Packington bacon, onion marmalade and chilli and mint syrup, the blue-cheese and onion focaccia with garlic aioli, and the flawless treacle tart (we'll wager it's the best you'll ever have).
You'd expect a pub with rooms to know a thing or two about drinking, and the Cow doesn't disappoint. Gin-lovers will be wooed by the stirling gin selection – no limp lemon slices, flat Schweppes or bottles of Gordon's here. Be adventurous: try unfamiliar gins paired with flavour-matched garnishes and tonics. A stout selection of real ales and snuggle-inducing wood-burners keep things proudly British; the striking copper-topped bar is worthy of a toast alone.
Breakfast is served until 10.30am; dinner is dished up until 9pm.
This boutique beasty is sitting pretty in a quiet country village, half an hour's drive from the city of Derby.
Nottingham East Midlands airport is a 30-minute drive away. Let Smith24 sort your flights.
Derby station is just eight miles from the hotel, with services run by East Midlands Trains.
If you're driving to the hotel via Derby city centre, follow the signs for Ashbourne A52. At the Markeaton island, take the A52, and follow this road for two miles; go straight through at the traffic lights. Take a left turn into Brun Lane, follow this to the T-junction and head right. After about 250 yards, turn left into Long Lane. Keep going for about a mile and a half, passing a number of right turns before Dalbury Lees is signposted left. Take this left turn and follow the road through the village: you'll find the hotel on the left, alongside the village green; the Cow's car park is adjacent to the hotel.
Sip your way (semi-sensibly, at least) through the Cow's impressive gin selection, snuggle up by the fire with a book and taste-test the hotel's tempting array of flatbreads and small plates. Further afield, explore National Trust treasure in the shape of Kedleston Hall, catch an alfresco flick courtesy of Markeaton Park's seasonal outdoor cinema, and go for a ramble around charming Chatsworth House.
Pub grub gets a fine-dining rethink at The Horseshoes on Long Lane in Ashbourne; the ambitious young chef continues to woo an appreciative audience. Have a leisurely brunch or lunch at the snug and friendly Deli Cafe at 11 Main Road in Brailsford. Dress smartly in honour of the dazzling dishes plated up at the Lighthouse Restaurant in Ashbourne, which has a Michelin star-toting chef as its not-so-secret weapon.
Derbyshire's rugged rural landscapes – all rolling hills, rocky outcrops and glowering skies – call for something sublimely cosy: the architectural equivalent of a hot cup of tea and a delicious fruit cake. Somewhere that will warm feet, bellies and souls alike… somewhere exactly like the Cow, in fact: a former pub turned boutique inn, which woos with view-toting rooms, a clever chef and a formidable gin selection. You don't need to be a cagoule-clad walker to appreciate the Cow's blissfully comfy beds and crackling fires (though it certainly doesn't hurt). This cow has character, too: walls are decorated with beastly good artworks by a local artist, there's a butcher's block table in the bar and plenty of eye-candy flourishes, such as striking lighting and artfully mismatched furniture.
Whenever you book a stay at a Smith hotel or villa, we'll invite you to review it when you get back. Read what other Smith members had to say in The Cow's Guestbook below.
We loved the warm welcome from the staff. The room was really spacious and spotlessly clean. Both the evening meal and breakfast were fabulous. Overall, a very enjoyable stay.
Dont expect fine dining. The meals are tapas style and designed for sharing.
We loved the rooms, the staff, the location, the atmosphere. Great rooms and staff very friendly and helpful. Place clean and tidy and relaxed. Rooms all a bit different and all gorgeous. Nice shampoo in the rooms and delicious biscuits as well. Large selection of gins and good advice to help choose. Food delicious - but didnt understand the whole concept (which was explained to us) of dishes coming out as/when they were ready rather than the steak and vegetables being delivered to the table together! Several others in the restaurant were obviously thinking the same as us too.
The food was the only issue we had. All delicious, tasty and hot but ruined by how it was sent to the table. We hadnt finished our yummy beetroot and horseradish hummus before our steak was delivered. Would have been nice to have a gap and another drink maybe before the steak. What good is a steak without anything to go with it? Veg all delivered in stages some time later. Weird and not enjoyable. Steak was delicious. All very tasty but strange. We just wanted a meal on a plate!
The decor and ambience, the food and beer and room number 4! It was the perfect getaway.
Good food, thoughtful Valentine's menu and actually a very fair price luxurious rooms, if not large, plenty of tea/milk/nespresso/toiletries etc.
The Cow had great character right from our entrance as two frozen and soaking wet walkers who had been exposed to the elements of the Peak District's changeable December weather. We were met with warm welcomes, a warm fire and muddy boots weren't a problem. The room was exactly as described on the site, we chose room 10 and the rainfall shower and kingsize bed were a most welcome reviver in advance of dinner later that evening. The pub was lively with Christmas parties but maintained a relaxed atmosphere throughout the evening. All the staff knew their areas expertly. The beers wines we drank all came recommended, the foods were superbly presented and tasted even better. The whole experience had such a relaxed and welcoming feel, it was strange to think this was our first visit. The food is served as a sharing concept which meant with 5 dishes between 2 of us we got to taste a variety of delights, the cauliflower cheese bites were a particular favourite. Breakfast the following day, served by the roaring log fire, was equally as delicious and relaxed.
Don't expect to be disappointed or hungry. Please don't book room 10 if you are tall, even at 5'5 I banged my head in the eves in the bathroom a couple of times.
The food was amazing and the staff were so friendly.
A three-course meal: it's a different type of dining experience.
Our room, number 11, was attractively furnished, with a good use of wood and very modern bathroom. Drinks, teas, infusions, coffee and mini bar. Spotlessly clean.
A restaurant. You eat in the bar, which is what we expected.
The pub had been imaginatively transformed into a cosy, welcoming and friendly dining space with an updated twist on traditional pub food – 'British Tapas'. Fabulous food with excellent service. The bedrooms were fantastic stylish and very well equipped continuing the bovine theme and agricultural heritage of the pub through. Faultless!
Banging nightlife, traffic and noise!
Beautifully renovated pub. Difficult to fault.


text:
home » JIS News » Labour
Health Ministry To Roll Out Wellness Agenda Soon
83 Students Receive Scholarships
Hundreds Pray For The Upliftment Of The Nation
Labour Ministry Seeking to Expand SAWP
Written by: Rochelle Williams
Photo: Donald Delahaye
Minister of Labour and Social Security, Hon. Dr. Fenton Ferguson, speaking at the annual Dispatch of Farm Workers to Canada ceremony on Tuesday, January 5, at the Overseas Employment Services Centre on East Street, Kingston.
Labour Ministry Wants Females Involved in Overseas Work Programmes
Social Security Minister Pledges Continued Support for Golden Age Home
More Than 8,000 Jamaicans to Benefit from Employment Opportunities in Canada
The SAWP recruits agricultural workers to work in Canada to meet the short term demand of manual labour during planting and harvesting seasons.
The Minister reported that the SAWP contributed some Cdn$16 million in remittance in 2014 and Cdn$20 million in 2015.
Director of the Overseas Employment Services Centre, Delroy Palmer, told JIS News that the programme has grown by 10 per cent every year, as Ministry staff work tirelessly to create more employment opportunities for Jamaicans in Canada.
Minister of Labour and Social Security, Hon. Dr. Fenton Ferguson, says the Ministry is seeking to expand the Canadian Seasonal Agricultural Workers Programme (SAWP), in an effort to provide more overseas employment opportunities for Jamaicans under the Canadian Overseas Employment Programme.
Speaking at a recent Dispatch of Farm Workers to Canada ceremony at the Overseas Employment Services Centre on East Street, Kingston, on January 5, Dr. Ferguson said that the SAWP is an example of the critical role that the Ministry plays in the country's growth agenda, in terms of the foreign exchange remittance by the farm workers.
"This programme is not a little programme… when you think about the issues that we have with unemployment, the problems we have in relation to family life when parents and others are not able to earn to take care of their families…we have to recognize the worth of this programme," the Minister said.
"We have a liaison team in Canada that speak directly with the employers. They are the ones that do the marketing strategy to meet with the employers and encourage the employers to take more Jamaican (workers) and so from that standpoint, they are there and they are working," the Minister said.
The Labour Ministry operates several programmes which invite Jamaicans to take advantage of employment opportunities in Canada and the United States. These include: the Canadian Farm Work Programme, the US Farm Work Programme, and the Hotel Work Programme.


text:
19° Light Snow
Legality haunts 'Diggers' TV show
Producers may have violated state law
By Brett French of Montana Lee Newspapers
George Wyant, left, and Tim Saylor pose on the beach shooting a promo for the National Geographic TV series "Diggers." The show has also become the focus of Facebook petitions and write-in campaigns to the channel criticizing the show's content.
BILLINGS — Montana's state archaeologist said a Montana duo of metal detector artifact hunters featured in a new National Geographic television program appear to have violated state law.
He isn't the only one upset by the content of the show "Diggers," which featured Anaconda-area residents Tim Saylor and George Wyant. The show has also become the focus of Facebook petitions and write-in campaigns to the channel criticizing the show's content.
The first episode of the "Diggers," called "Montana Juice," was filmed at the Old Montana Prison, a state-owned property in Deer Lodge. The show aired on Feb. 28.
State archaeologist Stan Wilmoth said the show's production company, Half Yard Productions of Bethesda, Md., did not request or receive a
permit to dig at the site, which is required because the site is
listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Wilmoth said he heard about the show before it was broadcast and alerted Chris Albert, the National Geographic Channel's vice president of communications, who told him the show had permission. In a telephone interview, Albert reiterated that the crew followed "appropriate protocol" in gaining permission to work at the site.
What appears to have happened is that the producers obtained permission from the lessees of the property, the Powell County Museum and Arts Foundation, Wilmoth said. But the Department of Corrections owns the property.
IN A LETTER to the Department of Corrections chief legal
counsel, Wilmoth pointed out the violation, adding that the show projected a "disparaging image" of Montana's concern for its heritage sites and may encourage similar unpermitted
He said it is now up to Corrections to decide whether to pursue charges. Calls to the department's legal counsel were not returned Wednesday.
Online versions of the show could not be found by searching the National Geographic Channel's website. The
company reportedly added a disclaimer to "Diggers" when it aired, noting that such activities aren't allowed on federal lands. But those steps may not go far enough for some folks.
"I have a sneaking suspicion that people often overlook that (warning) because the boundary between public and private land isn't always well marked," said Doug Melton, principal archaeologist for the Miles City office of the Bureau of Land Management.
As of Wednesday, National Geographic Channel had not ordered any more episodes of the half-hour show, according to Chris Albert, the channel's vice president of communications. He added that the channel is working to open a dialogue with those who complained about the show, but said he had no details.
Half Yard Productions referred questions to its public relations firm, Big Noise PR. Big Noise's Bronagh Hanley said National Geographic had the final word on the show and declined further comment. An email to Saylor was referred to the public relations company.
Before being signed to a national television show, Saylor and Wyant were featured in a series of videos about their "extreme metal detecting" adventures. They advertise the DVDs on their website as "strangely spastic, and often very painful and disturbing to the average geek."
Their hijinks connected with Half Yard Productions, which also produces "American Loggers" and "The Real Housewives of D.C."
CLOSE ON the heels of "Diggers" comes another program sure to stir up more controversy. "American Digger" will premier on the Spike TV channel on March 20, featuring former pro wrestler Ric Savage's team of artifact hunters.
Critics worry that the shows may portray artifact hunting inappropriately and may encourage people to break the law.
"We're not here to badmouth Spike TV or National Geographic," said Mark Jacobson, information officer for the BLM in Miles City. But he said the shows could confuse people about what's allowed.
"They could lead to serious damage at historical and archaeological sites," the BLM's Melton said. "We don't want historic sites, especially battlefields, looking like gophers have been in there."
The American Anthropological Association's president, Leith Mullings, drafted a letter to the National Geographic Society's chairman, urging him to withdraw support for or modify the content of "Diggers."
"This program wrongly represents archaeology as a treasure-seeking adventure, in which our collective heritage is dug up and sold for monetary gain," Mullings wrote in a letter dated March 7.
Mullings suggested that the program hire a registered professional archaeologist to consult with the show's producer to modify future content.
William F. Limp, president of the Society for American Archaeology, wrote in a message posted online that both shows "promote and glorify the looting and destruction of archaeological sites."
Melton emphasized that there are opportunities available to people interested in finding artifacts while ensuring that proper procedures are followed. The Montana Archaeological Society recruits helpers for digs, as well as people to monitor sites to prevent vandalism. The Forest Service's Passport in Time project also recruits volunteer helpers for archaeological and historical projects.
"I like to convey the message that we are here for them," said C.J. Truesdale, a BLM archaeologist in Miles City.
He said he welcomes visitors seeking information on artifacts they've legally discovered.
— Brett French may be reached via email at brett.french@lee.net
A homicide investigation is underway after two men were found dead in Three Forks early Saturday morning, according to the Gallatin County Sheriff's Office.
Ray Marxer's career at the Matador Cattle Co. began Oct. 8, 1974. He retired in 2011 as general manager of a ranch whose scale tends to elicit awe: 345,000 acres, roughly 3,000 miles of fencing, 15,000-plus animals, including cows, calves, bulls and horses.
"It's been a travesty that we have lost that many long-term employees," state Sen. Mark Sweeney said of shortages in staffing at the state mental hospital.
Black bears used to cause havoc in Virginia City, but efforts to neutralize attractants changed that. Now, residents hope those efforts have prepared them for their next likely visitors - grizzlies.
Police blotter: Aggravated DUI; stuck in snowbank; assault with a weapon; child hit with boot
Butte police, highway patrol reports
Two charged with homicide after body found near Rimini
Two Helena men were charged with deliberate homicide after the body of 39-year-old Michael Anthony Biggs was found near Rimini Road on Friday.
Billings police still hunting suspects in teen's shooting death Sunday
Billings Police Department officers continue to hunt for suspects in the shooting death of a 15-year-old boy early Sunday morning.
Montana nursing homes facing financial crisis months after federal relief funds stop
Costs incurred while fighting the COVID-19 pandemic have pushed nursing homes to operate at a loss across the country, and Montana is no exception.
Guard dogs fix some, not all bear problems at Avon ranch
A Montana rancher doesn't agree with how grizzlies are being managed on private lands. Nonetheless, he supports the species' right to exist and is using the non-lethal methods to protect his property.
Who you looking at? Camera trap wins photographer international award
Seeley man gets wildlife photographer of year award for grizzly bear shot that took months to capture.
Yacht squeezes under bridge with less than 5 inches of clearance
Powering your home or business with green energy
This sea toad has fins that act like feet
Car tires recycled as mobile shelters for cats in Cairo


In this week's internet marketing podcast, we revisit a talk from the September, 2013 edition of BrightonSEO. Geoff White is the Technology Producer for Channel 4 News and gives his insights into how to get a story on the TV news. His talk will take you through what broadcast journalists are looking for in a story and how you or your clients can work to make journalist's lives easier and get the coverage you're looking for.


To learn more about Cardinal Soccer at Wesleyan, Click Here!
Welcome to the Cardinal Soccer at Wesleyan webpage! On this site you will find information about the 1-Day College ID Camps and Youth Clinics that we run at Wesleyan University. Please click on the links to learn more and register for the camps and clinics.


For the discerning visitor, there are so many things to do in and around the Canterbury area.
If you love eating out there are a number of great pubs and gastropubs within a 5 minute drive, and Michelin starred restaurants no further afield than Canterbury itself. Not forgetting, the sumptuous fish restaurants of Whitstable – world famous for its oysters.
Step out of the front door of Pond Cottage and discover exhilarating walks and trails literally in every direction. The North Downs Way is just 400 meters from Pond Cottage and a 10 minute drive will take you to the heart of the cathedral city of Canterbury and the pretty market town of Faversham.
15 minutes drive from our door and you're in the trendy coastal town of Whitstable and a little further along the coast and you'll find the arty and interesting resorts of Margate, Broadstairs and Dungeness. (And if you only know Dungeness for its power station, then you'll be delighted to uncover the garden of film director, stage designer and artist Derek Jarman.) Canterbury and Faversham also have thriving creative arts scenes.
For those wishing to venture further, the continent is accessible via Eurostar from Ashford and the Channel Tunnel at Folkestone, both only a 20 minute drive away. In just two hours from leaving your room, you could be savouring the delights of France or Belgium.
If you're planning a walking or cycling holiday in the area and just passing through – we're happy to arrange transfer of your luggage to your next destination for a small charge.
If you're travelling without a car and would like to be collected or taken to Faversham, Canterbury or Ashford stations, this can be arranged for a small charge.
For music lovers there is a seriously good live music scene including some of the best jazz in the country.


Listen as Pastor Steve Resch continues a series which takes a look at the whole story of the Bible. This week Steve speaks from Romans about our heart of darkness.
1. The knowledge of our God allows us to relate to Him via His Grace.
2. The Factory of our Idols prevents us from worshiping the Creator and serving Him.


The Exes find navigating their newfound fame tricky business when they go out on the road with Autumn Chase (played by Alicia Witt). Meanwhile, back in Nashville, Maddie continues to grow closer with Cash, causing tension with Deacon as he questions her motives and interest in his daughter. Juliette misses her manager, Glenn, and devises a plan to get him back while Will finds himself working with Kevin again.


text:
Our journal analyzes issues and prescribes solutions to problems around the world in a thought provoking manner. Visually-arresting art pieces convey a multitude of perspectives by representing themes that make policies memorable. Travelogues and photo essays allow first-hand exposure to locales that may seem distant, but have a lasting influence on domestic policies. By working with organizations such as The Institute for International, Comparative, and Area Studies (IICAS), UC San Diego's International Center and Programs Abroad Office, and coordinating with programs such as the Helen Edison Lecture Series or the Center for Global Justice, we have been able to interview scholars who offer insight and context for international issues.
This is our team. Follow our stories by viewing our journal, adding your comments, and contacting us to add your narrative to our work.
Tenzin Chomphel, Editor in Chief
Tenzin is a fourth year in ERC college, and a 1st year BA/MIA at the School of Global Policy & Strategy. He is majoring in International Studies-Political Science, with a focus on China-Pacific. He has studied abroad in India, held numerous on-campus positions, and most recently interned for the Department of State. Tenzin enjoys exploring the intersection of government and technology, and does not enjoy compostable straws.
Rebeca Camacho, Managing Editor
Rebeca is a senior at Warren college majoring in International Studies: Economics, and minoring in Business Administration. She is back this quarter from her semester abroad, where she studied in Switzerland and interned for the United Nations. She was first introduced to PROSPECT through her experience as an investigative journalist while working for other news publications. Writing about the issues that compose the social fabric of the world— in a fresh, sharp analysis of global affairs— she sees as paramount to the journal's mission to serve as a platform for fostering intellectual discussion.
Zoe Wong, Head of Marketing
Zoe is a fourth-year, Sixth College student majoring in Communication with a minor in Music. Lover of history, culture, and art, Zoe joined PROSPECT believing in its power to cultivate an appreciation for a global perspective within the student body. She has recently studied abroad in Paris with UCSD's Global Seminar to study Jazz History and the African Diaspora. During moments of freedom, she likes sight-read random piano pieces, cook multi-ethnic food for her blog, and flânerie.
Kahlil Ram, Finance Chair
Kahlil is the Finance Officer for Prospect. He is majoring in International Studies – Political Science with a regional focus on the Middle East and Arabic language study. He is mostly interested in military/national security affairs and American foreign policy, although he is also very interested in developmental economics and environmental sustainability.
Jasmine Moheb, Director of Operations
Jasmine is a second year ERC student majoring in Political Science – International Relations and minoring in Psychology. She joined PROSPECT as a freshman where she fell in love with the creative freedom involved in the writing process, especially given the wide range of topics that can be explored in international affairs. Jasmine's future plans include pursuing a career in global security studies and academia with dreams of one day being a Professor.
Siddharth Siddharth, Graduate Fellow Editor
Siddharth is a Ph.D. student majoring in Intelligent Systems, Robotics, and Control at the University of California San Diego. His research interests lie at the intersection of electrical engineering and computational neuroscience with applications in affective computing. He also actively writes about history, economics, and the democratic traditions of India and the United States of America. His professional experience includes undertaking research internships in Facebook Reality Labs, Samsung Research America, French National Center for Scientific Research, and National University of Singapore.
Priyanka Jhalani
Pankhuri Prasad
Raafiya Ali Khan
Tanvi Bajaj
Marc Camanag
Will Colin-Diamond
Ekam Gondara
Cade Keating-Hudson
Nicholas Kishaba
Max Lyster
Christopher Magana
Sebastian Preisig
David Ramirez
Madi Ro
Ariana Roshanzaer
Troy Tuquero
Helen Thio
Phu Dieu
Andrea Velázquez
Katie Mundy
Vivian Lee
Ethan Olson


text:
Prvenstvo Jugoslavije u velikom rukometu za žene za 1951. je drugi put zaredom osvojio Zagreb.

Savezna liga

Republička prvenstva

Hrvatska
Prvenstvo Hrvatske u velikom rukometu za žene za 1951. je osvojila Lokomotiva iz Virovitice.

Konačni poredak:
 Lokomotiva (Virovitica)
 Kožaraca (Varaždin
 Lokomotiva (Zagreb
 Željezničar (Osijek

Izvori
 Razvoj rukometa u Hrvatskoj 1930. – 1985., Rukometni savez Hrvatske, Zagreb, 1986.
 Enciklopedija fizičke kulture 2, Jugoslavenski leksikografski zavod, Zagreb, 1977.

1951


Passengers travelling by ferry to Agia Marina arrive to the east side of the island of Aegina!
The main characteristic of the settlement is the large pine forest that goes all the way to the sandy beach, with its blue waters making it a place worth visiting. During the summer months the main road of Agia Marina is full of life with its cafes, bars and restaurants offering all kinds of entertainment.
If you are looking for an ideal place to spend your holidays then you should take a ferry to Agia Marina. It's a favorite summer destination not only for Greeks but for foreigners also. It offers a long sandy beach of 500 meters fully organized where you can have water sports, from canoeing to parasailing or sunbathe in sun loungers and swim in the crystal clear waters of the bay. For the lovers of night life the village offers a variety of bars where you can drink and dance and special events are organized by the hotels all summer long. Apart from all that the temple of Aphaia is of main archaeological importance preserved in excellent condition and is worth visiting when travelling to the destination Agia Marina.
Ferry routes Agia Marina are made directly from the port of Piraeus with daily and frequent departures. The journey lasts about an hour. Give the data of your choice in the fields of isFerry's booking engine and generate in real-time the Agia Marina ferry timetable.
Choose your departure port and date and get all current ferry schedules and prices for Agia Marina (Aegina)!