text:
Q: Binding JavaFX Label to StringProperty In my JavaFX application I have a label that I want to update with the StringProperty of another class that defines server functionality.
In the server class I have a StringProperty defined as shown below:
public class eol_server {

     private StringProperty serverMessagesProperty;
     etc..

I have a method to return the StringProperty on request:
    public StringProperty serverMessagesProperty() {
    if (serverMessagesProperty == null) {
        serverMessagesProperty = new SimpleStringProperty();
    }
    return serverMessagesProperty;
}

In the main gui class, Start() method I build the Scene, then instantiate a new server object. After this I update one of the labels in my Scene graph by binding it to the StringProperty of the server object:
public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
    ...set up all the gui components
     primaryStage.show();
     dss = new eol_server();
     lbl_dssMessage.textProperty().bind(dss.getServerMessagesProperty());
}

When I run the application, the scene is rendered as I expect, and the lbl_dssMessage text is set to value that is set up in the constructor of eol_server. But, from that point on the binding is not working, although I have actions that would update the StringProperty of the dss object they are not updating the label in the GUI.
Here is the complete file that generates a stripped down version of the scene:
public class eol_gui extends Application {

private static eol_server dss = null;
private static Stage primaryStage;

/**
 * Application Main Function
 * @param args
 */
public static void main(String[] args) {
    launch(args);
}

/**
 * @param stage
 */
private void setPrimaryStage(Stage stage) {
    eol_gui.primaryStage = stage;
}

/**
 * @return Stage for GUI
 */
static public Stage getPrimaryStage() {
    return eol_gui.primaryStage;
}

/* (non-Javadoc)
 * @see javafx.application.Application#start(javafx.stage.Stage)
 */
@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) {

    setPrimaryStage(primaryStage);

    BorderPane root = new BorderPane();
    Label lbl_dssMessage = new Label("initialized");
    HBox topMenu = new HBox();
    topMenu.getChildren().add(lbl_dssMessage);

    eol_supervisor_I config1 = new eol_supervisor_I();

    // Build Scene
    root.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #FFFFFF;");
    root.setTop(topMenu);
    primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root, 300, 50));
    primaryStage.show();

    dss = new eol_server();
    dss.getServerMessagesProperty().addListener(new ChangeListener<Object>() {
                        @Override
                        public void changed(ObservableValue<?> o,Object oldVal,Object newVal)
                        {
                            //Option 1: lbl_dssMessage.setText(newVal.toString());
                        }
    });
    //Option 2
    lbl_dssMessage.textProperty().bind(dss.serverMessagesProperty);
}

}
As you can see I have tried the bind method and a change listener. It looks like bind was working, as was the listener, in all cases except those that run in the server service threads. These throw the IllegalStateException due to not being on the main JavaFX application thread. How do I safely and correctly exchange messages from the service to the main thread?
The server is defined in the following class, which is intended to run services independent of the main JavaFX thread. But I would like to exchange info between the threads to show status. Ii'm trying to avoid the GUI hanging while the server connections and data exchanges are made.
public class eol_server {

public StringProperty serverMessagesProperty;

public eol_server() {
    /* Create Scripting Environment */

    serverMessagesProperty().set("Establishing Debug Server Environment");
    connect();

}
public boolean connect() {
    serverMessagesProperty().set("Creating Server");
    ConnectService connectService = new ConnectService();
    connectService.start();
    return false;
}

public StringProperty serverMessagesProperty() {
    if (serverMessagesProperty == null) {
        serverMessagesProperty = new SimpleStringProperty();
    }
    return serverMessagesProperty;
}

public StringProperty getServerMessagesProperty() {
    return serverMessagesProperty;
}

private class ConnectService extends Service<Void> {

    @Override
    protected void succeeded() {

    }

    @Override
    protected void failed() {

    }

    @Override
    protected void cancelled() {

    }

    @Override
    protected Task<Void> createTask() {
        return new Task<Void>() {
            @Override
            protected Void call() throws Exception {
                serverMessagesProperty().set("Connecting....");
                Thread.sleep(5000);
                // DEMO: uncomment to provoke "Not on FX application thread"-Exception:
                // connectButton.setVisible(false);
                serverMessagesProperty().set("Waiting for server feedback");
                Thread.sleep(5000);
                return null;
            }
        };
    }
}

private class DisconnectService extends Service<Void> {

    @Override
    protected void succeeded() {

    }

    @Override
    protected void cancelled() {

    }

    @Override
    protected Task<Void> createTask() {
        return new Task<Void>() {
            @Override
            protected Void call() throws Exception {
                updateMessage("Disconnecting....");
                serverMessagesProperty().set("Disconnecting....");
                Thread.sleep(5000);
                updateMessage("Waiting for server feedback.");
                serverMessagesProperty().set("Waiting for server feedback.");
                Thread.sleep(5000);

                return null;
            }
        };
    }

}

}
Thanks in advance
JW

A: I seem to have a solution, derived from what I read on the runlater() Platform method. Also see discussion here
Multi-Threading error when binding a StringProperty
changing my listener to invoke the message update via runLater seems to break the multi-threading problem. Yes I expect it is not immediate but it will be very very close to immediate and good enough. I appreciate that JavaFX requires you to not mess with the Application thread values / nodes etc etc of the scene graph but it is quite a complicated area of the JavaFX library.
Here is the listener that worked for me
// Get new DSS session active
    dss = new eol_server();

    dss.serverMessagesProperty.addListener(new ChangeListener<Object>() {
        @Override
        public void changed (ObservableValue<?> observable, Object oldValue, Object newValue) {
            Platform.runLater(() -> lbl_dssMessage.setText(newValue.toString()));
        }
    });
}

Happy for further discussion as to why this works when the other options did not, also open to any other more elegant suggestions.

A: Read the below paragraph from JavaFX Node documentation.

Node objects may be constructed and modified on any thread as long
  they are not yet attached to a Scene in a Window that is showing. An
  application must attach nodes to such a Scene or modify them on the
  JavaFX Application Thread.

The correct and more functional way to solve your problem is
dss.serverMessagesProperty.addListener((observable, oldValue, newValue) -> Platform.runLater(() -> lbl_dssMessage.setText(newValue));


text:
Normalita (z lat. normalis, vyměřený úhelnicí, pravidelný) v sociologii vystupuje především jako protiklad anomie, jako stav, kdy jednotlivci, skupiny či celá společnost přiměřeně respektují ustavené systémy hodnot a norem.

Podobně jako v psychologii lze normalitu chápat v užším smyslu jako pouhou absenci úchylky, či v širším smyslu jako výraz optimálního stavu organismu či systému. I když se různé kultury ve svém pojetí normálního a nenormálního výrazně liší, žádná z nich nebývá ochotna tolerovat výraznější odchylky od svého vlastního standardu. V tomto smyslu se k sobě přibližuje statisticky funkční a normativní význam normality.

Za anomickou můžeme naopak označit tu společnost, které chybí normalita buď ve smyslu statistickém (příliš velký počet členů překračuje platné normy), nebo ve smyslu funkčním (existující formy působí kontraproduktivně, rozkládají systém, místo aby ho pomáhaly udržovat), či konečně ve smyslu normativním (normy dané společností nejsou v souladu s našimi vlastními normami a hodnotami).

Zaměňování a směšování různých významů normality bývá doprovodným rysem ideologického myšlení. Tak například egocentrismus nahrazuje funkční pojetí normality normativním, zatímco konzervativní funkcionalismus má tendenci zaměňovat normalitu statistickou normalitou funkční. Obecně lze optimální míru normality sociálního systému umístit do prostoru ohraničeného na jedné straně stavem anomickým, na straně druhé terorem zbytnělé sociální či státní kontroly.

Vymezení normality
Nejznámější vymezení normality:

 Statistické pojetí – Soulad jedince nebo skupiny s většinou. Vymezení normality je závislé na četnosti nebo intenzitě posuzovaných projevů. Využívá se především, když lze společenský jev kvantifikovat.

 Sociokulturní pojetí – Hodnocení normy je sociokulturně podmíněno. Za normální bývá považováno to, co je v dané společnosti a kultuře obvyklé. Může docházet ke stereotypním postojům k jevům, se kterými nemá daná společnost zkušenost.

 Funkční pojetí – Platné normy a jejich následování přispívá ke stabilitě společnosti a naplňování jejích potřeb. Normální je to, co umožňuje optimální fungování jedince či skupiny ve společnosti. Normalita je v tomto pojetí takový stav, kdy systém plní svoji funkci. Opakem je nenormálnost, která znamená dysfunkčnost, i když se může vyskytovat často – např. alergie.

 Mediální pojetí – Normy vychází z médií, která určují standardy. Média si mohou vybrat, jaký budou mít na lidi vliv – mohou vzdělávat, informovat, nebo působit negativně.

 Normativní pojetí – Jevy, které odpovídají předem stanovené normě. Normální je žádoucí a správné; nenormální je nežádoucí a nepřijatelné.) Normy celospolečenské jsou v souladu s normami jedinců v dané společnost. Určení toho, co je a není normální se může v jednotlivých společnostech lišit.

Určení normality
V psychopatologii je normalita zjišťována:

 subjektivně – vlastním odhadem jedince
 sociálně – názorem sociálního okolí
 z hlediska psychiatrické diagnostiky – přítomností nebo nepřítomností psychopatologických symptomů
 statisticky – kvantitativní odchylkou od statistické normy
 funkčně – podle projevů, jednání člověka v dané situaci

Odkazy

Reference

Literatura
 ATKINSON, Rita L. Psychologie. 2. vyd. Praha : Portál, 2003. 751 s.
 FISCHER, Slavomil a ŠKODA, Jiří. Sociální patologie: analýza příčin a možnosti ovlivňování závažných sociálně patologických jevů. 1. vyd. Praha : Grada, 2009. 224 s.
 HARTL, Pavel a Helena HARTLOVÁ. Psychologický slovník. 1. vyd. Praha : Portál, 2000. 774 s.
 PRŮCHA, J., WALTEROVÁ, E., MAREŠ, J. Pedagogický slovník. 3., rozš. a aktualiz. vyd. Praha: Portál, 2001.
 URBAN, Lukáš. O deviaci v současné společnosti. s. 354-392. In: ŠUBRT, Jiří a kolektiv. Soudobá sociologie II (Teorie sociálního jednání a sociální struktury). Praha : Karolinum, 2008. 392 s.

Externí odkazy

Standardy
Psychologie

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Combine the cheese and bacon in a bowl.
Put the ground chuck in another bowl and sprinkle with salt and pepper; mix with a rubber spatula. Flatten a quarter of the meat mixture in the palm of your hand. Squeeze together about a tablespoon of the cheese and bacon mixture to make a little nugget; place in the center of the patty. Bring up the sides of the patty over the filling, making sure the cheese is completely covered; flatten slightly to shape. Repeat with the remaining meat and filling. Set the patties side-by-side on a platter and refrigerate while preparing the grill.
Place a large grill pan covering two burners over medium-high heat, or preheat an outdoor barbecue until very hot. Brush the grates with oil. Grill the burgers for 8 minutes per side for medium. Transfer to a clean plate.
Rub the grill grates with more oil. Grill the buns cut-side down for 1 minute to toast.
Serve the burgers with your favorite condiments and garnishes.


text:
All of our PVC catsuits are high quality items made in the USA from the best quality fabrics available in the world. This unique back seam catsuit has "seamed stockings" seam lines running up the backs of the legs that meet in classic style over the rear. This highly engineered catsuit features bust cups to give you a great fit in the chest. Specifically designed for a woman's body, this catsuit is roomier in the hips and rear to give you a great fit!
Some people would call this a Vinyl catsuit, PU catsuit or a rubber catsuit. It's actually spandex coated with a polyurethane. Non toxic no PVC or Vinyl in it!
Category: Catsuits PVC
"Black Mamba" Black Snakeskin Spandex Skirt $34.95
"Black Mamba" Black Snakeskin Spandex Skirt
Sssslither in to this black snakeskin skirt. Wear it alone or with your favorite leggings for a more modest look when you are out hiking, jogging or cycling. Like all...
Size: XS S M L XL 1XL 2XL
"The Dana" Skully Leggings $56.08 $75.00
"The Dana" Skully Leggings
You probably haven't laid eyes on anything this skully since the X-Files were the hottest thing on TV. See what we did there? You can't un-see it! Alright, these are...
"The Final Frontier" Leggings $56.08 $75.00
"The Final Frontier" Leggings
While these are not nearly as cool (or expensive) as a journey to space, these leggings are out of this world! This spandex print has a super soft feel and...
"The Rockstar" Leggings $56.08 $75.00
"The Rockstar" Leggings
The Rockstar looks is back, and it doesn't get any bolder than these pink and black stripe spandex leggings! We dare you to find someone who won't look you over...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
BrickHouse Books (formerly New Poets Series, Inc.) is Maryland's oldest continuously operating small press. Founded in 1970, with Clarinda Harriss as its editor since 1973, BrickHouse publishes works of poetry, fiction, drama, or artistic nonfiction. We are always looking for submissions of excellent, fresh, nontrendy, literate, intelligent material in any form or style. Our usual press run is 100-1,200 copies, of which the author receives 20, along with BHB's sales and review support. Sale proceeds go back into the corporation to finance the next BrickHouse project. See our Staff page to learn more about our team or to find internship openings.
Don't forget to like us on Facebook and follow us on Twitter for updates!
Special imprints under BrickHouse Books include New Poets Series, Stonewall, Chestnut Hills Press, and Side Streets.
New Poets Series is devoted to the publication of first books by promising poets who have never had a collection of poems of over 30 pages published.
Stonewall is dedicated to publishing poetry from an LBGTQIA+ perspective. In addition to publishing book-length manuscripts, Stonewall also runs an annual chapbook competition. The prize is publication of the chapbook.
Chestnut Hills Press is reserved strictly for the top 10 percent of manuscripts rejected by BrickHouse. It is an author-financed division devoted to those who had to be turned down due to budget constraints. It is not a vanity press. Authors cannot submit directly to Chestnut Hills Press.
Side Streets is reserved for submissions we are fascinated by but simply cannot figure out any way to categorize or even describe. Books published under this imprint may or may not be author-financed. Authors cannot submit directly to Side Streets. Stay tuned: a new publication in this category is forthcoming.
See our Submissions page to learn more about submitting to BrickHouse Books.
I am interested in scheduling Rachel and Bill Hennick to speak at the Woman's Club of Roland Park. Do I do that through you, or do I contact them directly?
Kate Creamer
Kate Creamer , April 16, 2015 at 3:48 pm
Contact them directly. They would be a wonderful duo to speak to your group!
Onward-
Clarinda
Clarinda Harriss , June 13, 2017 at 7:23 am
Oops– spelled my own name and website wrong!
Enter your email address to receive BHB updates via email.


Do you use them? Do you hate them? Do you even know what they are or how to use them? Regardless of your answers to those questions, it's your lucky day. If you use them, read on and see you agree with me. If you hate them, perhaps I can change your mind. ^^ If you don't know what they are or how to use them, perhaps I can show what they're all about.
Use the power…don't abuse it.
Why use it?/What it's for?
-The scene is in a different POV than the rest of the story.
-The scene is told from a POV that isn't the MAIN character's POV.
-The scene takes place in a different year/month/week/day, etc than the rest of the plot.
-You want give the reader background information that they may help them understand the main plot.
A place for the writer to "dump" information on the reader so you can be lazy and not use essential weaving skills to thread important information into the main plot. Example: Instead of showing the system of magic in the story through how the characters use it and react to it, you give the reader a detailed summary of how magic works and how it came to be.
Where you might have seen one outside of books?
The beginning of the original Batman. The beginning of the new Batman. The beginning of Thor. The first scene in Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone. (I know it says Chapter One in the book, but that, folks, is what I like to call a Prologue disguised as a Chapter One.) The opening scene of Dracula. The first several minutes of Demolition Man. (Oh, yeah, I went all the way back there!) Basically, any movie that starts off with events that happened before the main plot.
A conclusion. An ending. A final scene that happens after the preceding events.
-To skip forward a few years and let the reader know what's happened in the main character's life.
-To switch POVs and show the reader how another character or the villain is doing after the main events.
-To give the reader to a taste of what happens between books in a series.
This is not a place to dump the prologue for the next book in a series. This is not a place to confuse the reader by putting a storyline here that has nothing to do with the rest of the book. This is not the place to dump an extra subplot. Note: Yes this can be used to wrap things up, but it's not for tying up loose ends in the MAIN plot. That's lazy. Example: Ending a story with the villain getting away and having the hero squash the villain in the epilogue 3 months later.
The end of Harry Potter and Deathly Hallows, Part 2. The final scene in Dark Knight Rises. The scene after the credits in Iron Man and The Avengers. The last scene of Captain America. The last scene of An American Werewolf in Paris. Basically any movie with scenes that happen after the main plot has been wrapped up.
My view: I've never met a prologue or epilogue I didn't like. Do I use them? Surprisingly, not very often. I had a prologue two stories ago, the purpose of which was to give the reader insider information and drive them into the story. My last story had an epilogue because it was from a POV that I didn't use in the main story. I did this, again, to give the reader inside information. Also, that book has a sequel that I'm mapping out and it's a nice bridge into the next book where said character's POV will be third row center.
← Give The People What They Want, Man!
I recently finished my first book that DIDN'T have an epilogue. Guess I like to wrap things up all neat and tidy! My next project has a short prologue, the first one I've written. I don't seem to like them as much….
I wish I used them more often. I talk about them ALL them time. You would think everything I wrote had both. Neither one of my current projects have one planned, but you never know!
Saw your post in AW. I don't like them or hate them per say, it depends on the story. Sometimes it could easily be the first chapter or last chapter instead.In my one WIP I have a prologue because the instigating event happens about 100 years earlier. In the other WIP I have an epilogue because a few months have lapsed. It was an important twist to the ending but didn't fit as a last chapter. So in my opinion it depends.
Glad you stopped by!I agree that a lot of times they're used incorrectly or just plain used for no reason. I think the way you're using them sound perfect, though. If everyone put thought into how they're using them, there probably wouldn't be all this controversy around them.


text:
Background 28 Feb 2014 2 commentslast update:14 Jan 2016
Strategies for reducing feed costs
Reduced feed costs lead to improved production efficiency and profitability of poultry enterprises. Feeding and management strategies will help in achieving these targets. Farm resources, management policies and mode of production are determining factors.
By Dr Salah H. Esmail, Cairo, Egypt
Broiler chickens are usually fed on an ad lib basis to allow them to get their energy needs and to achieve their target weights in shorter periods of time. In recent years, however, timed feeding of broilers has been recommended for economical reasons. Here, the birds are fed a set amount of feed 4-6 times a day so they finish their meal and are then held without feed for about one hour or less. This has two beneficial aspects. First, it reduces the chance for the mechanical stimulation of feed intake that is often experienced when running the feeders throughout the day. Second, during these times without feed birds are usually quiet, and this may improve feed utilisation due to the reduced maintenance feed requirements.
Manipulation of feed ingredients
Field studies were conducted in Bangladesh to examine the economic impacts of replacing fish meal with broiler offals in broiler diets. Results have shown that inclusion of 8% broiler offals in place of fish meal has decreased feed cost per kg from 53.21 TK (TK stands for Taka, and is equal to about 0.013 US$) with fish meal to 45.77 TK with broiler offals, with the profits per kg being increased from 11.79 TK with fish meal to 19.23 TK with broiler offals.
Other studies conducted at the University of Georgia, US, demonstrated that peanut meal is a perfectly acceptable feed ingredient for laying hens, and could be used at 5% of the diet in place of soybean meal as an attempt to reduce feed costs (US$ 140/tonne for peanut meal vs US$ 225/tonne for soybean meal). The only source of concern about the peanut meal is its possible contamination with aflatoxins. However, when 5% peanut meal is used, the level of aflatoxins in the mixed feed would be much too low to be of practical concern.
Currently, work is underway worldwide to examine the potential of other unconventional feed resources and their impacts on poultry production. Examples of such resources include fly pupae, marine flora, kitchen disposals, poultry litter, fruit and vegetable processing wastes, etc. Although promising results have so far been obtained with most of these feeds, further work is still needed to ascertain their economic feasibility under practical farm conditions.
Use of synthetic amino acids
Protein nutrition has a great economic importance, since protein is an expensive item in almost all feed rations. This may particularly be so in areas of the world known to be protein deficient, such as many tropical and subtropical areas. The rationing of feeds for protein should, therefore, be manipulated in such a way that "optimal" rather than "maximum" performance is achieved without too much feed expenditure. The best way to explain this point is by a practical example of a layer feed with 16% or 17% protein. In corn-soybean diets, this difference can be created by adding 3% more soybean containing 44% crude protein. When this amount replaces corn, there will be an additional cost of about US$ 3.00/tonne (world market price). In most cases, the real nutritional benefit of such an increase of protein is limited to an increase of about 0.025% of the amino acids lysine and methionine. The same nutritional advantage can be obtained by adding 250 g of synthetic lysine and methionine/tonne of feed with a cost of only US$ 1.00/tonne. Fortunately, access to these synthetic amino acids has become available with the recent advancement of biotechnology, which makes the economical benefits of such an approach quite achievable.
Control of feed wastage
In many cases, high feed consumption or any of the other related aspects may not solely be descriptive of a problem. There are many other routes through which feed is wasted or lost without even getting into the bird. These alone could amount to as much as 5 g/bird/ day or even more, depending on farm conditions and management.
1 - Feed troughs
In many poultry farms, especially in the private sector, birds are typically fed through elongated troughs made of galvanised metal sheets. These are preferred by farmers, because of their availability in the market, low costs, and high resistance to physical damage, but feed wastage can be a severe problem. This problem could, however, be alleviated by replacing galvanised troughs with pan or chain feeding system. In a survey conducted in Egypt, it was estimated that with a broiler house of 10,000 birds, at least two tonnes of feed will be saved during each production cycle. With feed costing E£ 1,000-1,050/t and six production cycles a year, the cost of the new feeding system could be recouped in 18 months.
2 - Adjusting feed level in the feeders
Overfilling of feeders should always be avoided, and feed should be maintained at certain levels to minimise losses (Table 1).
3 - Beak trimming
Long beaks give the birds the ability to play with the feed which cannot then be consumed once it reaches the floor and get mixed with the bedding materials. Proper beak trimming is, therefore, essential to alleviate much of this problem, in addition to the other advantages of alleviating cannibalism and other vicious habits. Results of beak trimming effects on feed wastage and on feed utilisation are given in Table 2. These results, however, may vary greatly depending on such variables as age when beaks are trimmed, type of cut, severity of trimming, temperature of the cauterising blades, and so on.
4 - Rodent control
Rodent infestation of poultry farms is a common problem interfering with feed utilisation. A 250 gram rat can eat its own weight in a day (about 90 kg/rat/year). This means that a farm with a total population of 50 rats, for example, could simply lose tonnes of feed each year, unless such a problem is strictly eliminated from the start.
5 - Feed spoilage
Spoilage of feed and mould growth are also contributory factors to feed waste and loss. These problems are most prevalent in feeds that are not appropriately processed. They are also prevalent in tropical regions where the hot, humid climate favours growth of mould on feed.
A compound called sodium calcium alumino-silicate is effective in controlling spoilage and mould damage of feed, and could safely be used at 0.5% without any detrimental effects on poultry. Also, the use of feed silos may help alleviate the spoilage problem, and also protect feeds against invasion by rodents or wild birds.
From an economic standpoint, the cost of a 20-tonne silo (about US$ 6,000) could be recovered in just two years, as it could save up to US$ 2,000-3,000, being the value of feed that could be lost each year through other feed storage systems. Additional savings could be achieved with regular cleaning and proper maintenance of the silos, and also with the use of antioxidants and other preservatives throughout the production cycle.
Enzyme supplement
Enzymes play an important role in enhancing feed utilisation and reducing feed cost. Phytase, for example, is a proven technology used to release some of the non-digestible phosphorus and reduce excretion of this element, thereby reducing the cost of inorganic phosphorus supplementation. Protease, on the other hand, is effective in releasing protein anti-nutrients found in some feed ingredients such as soybean, thereby making dietary protein more available. When other enzymes such as amylase and xylanase are incorporated into the diet, there would be around a 3-5% increase in the feed energy available to the bird. Typically, enzyme supplementation costs around $1.5 per tonne of feed, but feed costs can be reduced by $2.5 per tonne in low energy layer diets to over $4.0 per tonne in high energy turkey diets.
Use of flavours
The effects of feed flavours on weight gain and feed conversion by broiler chickens have been tested in four experiments. The combined results of these experiments indicated that the birds receiving flavoured feed averaged 8 grams heavier than the control birds at four weeks of age, and 3 grams at eight weeks, with combined improvements in feed conversion of 6.2% and 3.0% at four weeks and eight weeks of age, respectively. Such improvements in feed conversion have resulted in a saving of 3 tonnes of feed for 0.4 kg of gain per bird for 50,000 broilers at four weeks of age. At eight weeks, the saving in feed for 1.3 kg of gain per bird for 50,000 broilers would be approximately 4.25 tonnes of feed.
Feather cover
Farmers may suffer a considerable increase in feed costs and losses in egg income because of poor feather cover in winter, mainly due to increased feed consumption at low temperatures. Compared to the fully feathered hens, naked birds can eat 40 g/bird more at 15°C, and 30 g/bird at 18°C.
Reports from Australia have revealed that the increased feed costs arising from such extra feed consumption in this case amounts to $AUS 6.57 million annually, which forces the need for keeping hens warm in winter. However, for this strategy to be viable the heating cost should first be balanced out against the increase in feed cost, and the matter could then be brought into a final conclusion to benefit the farm economy.
The effects of disease on feed utilisation should not be overlooked. It has been estimated that feed efficiency decreased by 25%, 18% and 10% in birds infected with Gumboro, Coccidiosis and Salmonella, respectively. Similar responses may also be expected with nutritional or parasitic diseases. Effective veterinary programmes should, therefore, be considered in all these cases for better health, performance, and revenues.
References are available from the author upon request.
Source: AllAboutFeed magazine Vol 22 nr 1, 2014
Strategies for reducting feed costs - tables
Nutritional value can be obtained by adding synthetic lysine and methionine to the feed in the feed plant
Work is undergoing worldwide to examine the potential of unconventional feed resources
The rationing of feeds should be manipulated in such a way that "optimal" rather than "maximum" performance is achieved without too much feed expenditure
It is of great importance to control rodents properly in order to avoid feed spoilage
In many poultry farms birds are typically fed through elongated troughs made of galvanized metal sheets. As a result, feed wastage can be a severe problem
Dr Salah H. Esmail
Aflatoxicosis
Gumboro
Fatma Al-Ghanim
Thank you Dr. Salah. How can I get in touch with you?
Bernard Kimoro
Great article. There are so many things we take for granted that can potentially enhance the productivity from a livestock enterprise.
Controlling Sudden Death Syndrome via feed strategies
Sudden Death Syndrome (SDS) is a problem that has been observed in many countries where other major poultry...
On 6 May 2020 In Feed additives
Aiding egg production in tropical climates
Methionine is essential for the performance of laying hens and its availability is necessary to achieve...
On 26 Aug 2019 In Feed additives
Feather analysis to monitor antibiotic usage
Researchers at the Polish national veterinary research institute evaluated feather analysis as a non-invasive...
On 7 Feb 2020 In Feed additives
Webinar on demand: Poultry Nutrition and Health
Earlier this week Poultry World, sister publication of All About Feed, hosted a very interesting webinar on...
On 23 Oct 2019 In Feed additives


text:
House Tully, House Frey, Castles of the Riverlands
Castle, regional capital
House Frey {formerly}
Over 1,000 years
Map showing the location of Riverrun on the continent of Westeros.
A map of the Riverlands showing Riverrun
"... when I first saw the stone walls of Riverrun rising from the Trident, towering over me, back then, I was a little more easily impressed. The boy in me thought the gods themselves must live in such a place. I soon learned otherwise."
Riverrun is the seat of House Tully, which was once occupied by House Frey. It is a large castle located in the central-western part of the Riverlands. It sits at the point where the Red Fork of the Trident River is joined by its major tributary, the Tumblestone River flowing out of the west. In times of danger, sluice gates can be opened to flood a channel cut to the west of the castle, turning Riverrun into an island. Its walls rise sheer from the waters and its towers command the opposite shores, making assaulting it almost impossible without huge casualties.[1]
Riverrun is the seat of House Tully, the Lord Paramounts of the Trident and the Riverlands. It was built as an island fortress by Axel Tully. Prior to the War of the Five Kings, Lord Hoster Tully is the Lord of Riverrun.[2] Petyr Baelish recalls being fostered at Riverrun during his childhood and being enamoured by its high walls.[3]
During the War of the Five Kings, a Lannister army under Ser Jaime Lannister lays siege to Riverrun.[4] Northern forces under Robb Stark lure Jaime's men into a trap at the Battle of the Whispering Wood, breaking the siege of Riverrun.[5]
Following the death of Lord Hoster Tully, his kith and kin including Catelyn Stark, Robb Stark, Edmure Tully, and Brynden Tully attend his funeral. Per Tully tradition, he is placed in a funeral boat. His son and heir Edmure makes several attempts to light the funeral boat but misses. His uncle Brynden is forced to complete the ceremony. Riverrun becomes the headquarters and main base of operations for King Robb, the King in the North. After the funeral, the Blackfish comforts Catelyn, who is grieving over the purported loss of her sons Bran and Rickon Stark.[6]
Lord Edmure leads Tully forces into action against the Lannister bannerman Gregor Clegane at the Stone Mill. Lord Edmure succeeds in expelling the Mountain's forces from the Riverlands and capturing two Lannister squires Martyn and Willem Lannister, the nephews of Lord Tywin Lannister. Despite this victory, Robb and Brynden are furious because Edmure's action interfered with Robb's plan to lure the Mountain into a trap. Meanwhile, Talisa Stark, the wife of King Robb, tends to the wounds of Martyn and Willem in Riverrun's dungeons. [6]
Later, Rickard Karstark and several of his followers murder Martin and Willem in their cell to avenge the deaths of his sons. For murdering two unarmed prisoners, King Robb orders that Rickard's men be hung and that Lord Karstark himself be beheaded. The execution takes place outside the grounds of Riverrun. This has the effect of turning House Karstark against the Stark-Tully alliance. In his private quarters, Robb discusses his predicament with Lady Talisa. Lacking enough men to attack Casterly Rock, Robb decides to repair his strained relationship with House Frey, whom he had earlier promised to marry one of Lord Walder Frey's daughters.[7]
Lord Walder's sons Lothar Frey and Black Walder travel to Riverrun and discuss their father's new demands with King Robb, Lord Edmure, and Lord Brynden. Robb agrees to apologize to Lord Walder Frey, cede Harrenhal and all its lands to the Freys, and that his uncle Edmure marry Walder's daughter Roslin Frey. After some discussion, the Starks and Tullys acquiesce to the Frey's terms for mending their alliance.[8] The Starks and Tullys depart Riverrun and travel to the Twins, the seat of House Frey. Following the wedding, Lord Frey takes Edmure prisoner and massacres the Stark and Tully hosts including Robb, Talisa, and Catelyn.[9]
Following the Red Wedding, Lord Frey reaffirms House Frey's alliance with the Iron Throne and the Lannisters. As a reward for his help in putting down the Northern rebellion, Lord Frey is made Lord of Riverrun and the Freys are given paramountcy over the Riverlands. However, this victory is soured by the revelation that Lord Brynden had escaped the massacre.[10]
During Petyr Baelish's trial at the Vale, Sansa Stark speaks of Baelish's childhood at Riverrun and his enduring love for Lysa Arryn, the late daughter of Hoster Tully. As a result, Petyr is cleared of any involvement in her death, which is regarded as a suicide.[11]
The Freys lose control of Riverrun when Lord Brynden Tully retakes control of the castle using his knowledge of its walls and passages. In an attempt to reconcile with Sansa, Petyr offers this news to her. Acting on this information, Sansa sends her protector Brienne of Tarth and Podrick Payne to Riverrun to seek reinforcements from the Blackfish.[12]
Embarrassed by the loss of Riverrun and other uprisings in the Riverlands, Lord Walder orders his sons Lothar and Black Walder to retake the castle. To force the Blackfish's surrender, he orders them to take the captive Lord Edmure as a hostage. After being expelled from the Kingsguard by King Tommen Baratheon for attacking the Great Sept of Baelor, Jaime is sent to assist the Freys in retaking Riverrun from Lord Brynden.[13] Meanwhile, Lothar and Black Walder manage an incompetent siege of Riverrun. In an attempt to intimidate Brynden, Black Walder threatens to slash Edmure's throat. However, the Blackfish calls their bluff when he fails to carry out his threat.[14]
Jaime and Bronn arrive with 8,000 Lannister men-at-arms and knights and take control of the siege. Bronn orders the Freys to dig trenches and to position trebuchets around the castle. He also gives orders for Edmure to be well treated and fed. Jaime attempts to parley with the Blackfish. However, Brynden is defiant and reveals that he had enough supplies to last for two years. He also boasts that thousands of Lannisters and Freys will die for the hundreds inside the castle.[14]
Brienne and Podrick arrive outside Riverrun and are detained by Lannister horsemen. Brienne manages to convince Jaime to let her negotiate with Lord Brynden. Jaime agrees to allow the Blackfish and his men to evacuate the castle and travel north to help Sansa and her half brother Jon Snow retake Winterfell from Ramsay Bolton. Brienne parleys with Lord Brynden but he is in no position to aid his niece. He refuses to end the siege and insists on fighting for his home. Running out of options, Jaime convinces the captive Edmure to end the siege in return for sparing the garrison and offering to give his son a proper education at Casterly Rock. He also threatens to catapult Edmure's son and destroy Riverrun if the garrison does not capitulate.[15]
Edmure returns to Riverrun that evening and convinces the Tully garrison to lay down their arms and surrender the castle to the Lannisters and Freys. Brynden tries to countermand his nephew's orders but the garrison recognizes Edmure as the rightful Lord of Riverrun. As a result, the Lannisters and Freys are able to peacefully occupy the castle and hang their banners over its walls. Edmure orders that the Blackfish be put in chains and handed over to the Lannisters. However. Brynden manages to help Brienne and Podrick escape in a boat and makes a final stand against the Lannisters and Freys. Jaime takes command of the castle and learns of Brynden's death. He also sees Brienne and Podrick rowing down the Green Fork.[15]
Following the end of the Frey male line, Queen Cersei Lannister offers to install Ser Bronn of the Blackwater as Lord of Riverrun should he assassinate her brothers, Jaime and Tyrion. However, Bronn reneges on her offer, instead offering to join Jaime and Tyrion in the forces of Queen Daenerys Targaryen should he be named Lord of Highgarden.[16]
Lord {Hoster Tully}, the late Lord of Riverrun and Lord Paramount of the Trident.
Lady {Minisa Whent}, his wife, who died many years ago in childbirth.
Lady {Catelyn Tully}, his eldest daughter, widow of Lord Eddard Stark. Catelyn was, along with her son Robb Stark and many other North men, slain at The Twins during the wedding ceremony of her brother Edmure to Roslin Frey.
Lady {Lysa Tully}, his second daughter, widow of Lord Jon Arryn and Lady Regent of the Vale. Murdered by Lord Petyr Baelish.
Lord Edmure Tully, Lord of Riverrun and Lord Paramount of the Trident. Formerly a hostage of the Iron Throne. Restored to his titles after the defeat of Cersei Lannister.
Ser {Brynden Tully}, known as "the Blackfish", Lord Hoster's brother. Killed by Lannister and Frey soldiers after Riverrun is retaken by the Iron Throne.
Riverrun as it appears in the show's title sequence.
Riverrun as it appears in Season 3
Riverrun's main hall.
Riverrun's garden.
Rivverun seen in season 6.
Riverrun under siege
Riverrun's battlements
The grounds of Gosford Castle in County Armagh, Northern Ireland were used for Riverrun exteriors during Season 3.[17]
The design was loosely based on Château de Chenonceau.[18]
The word "riverrun" is also the first word in James Joyce's final novel, Finnegans Wake.[19] This is the book that Dan Weiss wrote his thesis on while studying at Trinity College Dublin, where he and David Benioff met for the first time. [20]
In the A Song of Ice and Fire novels, Riverrun is a triangular castle made of sandstone. It is located at the confluence of the Tumblestone River and the Red Fork of the The Trident River.
Riverrun has been in the possession of House Tully for a thousand years, and it became the seat of rule over the region when House Tully rebelled against the ironborn occupiers of the Riverlands and allied with Aegon the Conqueror three centuries ago.
Prior to the Red Wedding, Robb Stark leaves Brynden Tully holding Riverrun as "Warden of the Southern Marches", overseeing the defenses of the Stark-loyal territories of the Riverlands, and protecting his Queen, Jeyne Westerling (the book's counterpart of Talisa Maegyr), who also remains at Riverrun.
Following the Red Wedding, according to the agreement between Tywin Lannister and the Freys, Riverrun is granted to Emmon Frey, the second son of Lord Walder Frey and husband of Tywin's sister Genna. Ryman Frey leads two thousand spears to take Riverrun, reinforced by Lannister troops led by Ser Daven Lannister, the new Warden of the West, and several Riverlords that bent the knee following the Red Wedding. However, Brynden anticipates the siege. He gathers all the foodstuffs and goods he can within the castle, expels all the unnecessary mouths, and prepares for a long siege.
As in the show, Edmure Tully accepts Jaime Lannister's terms and yields the castle, but he helps his uncle Brynden escape. Emmon Frey takes his place as Lord of Riverrun.
Riverrun on A Wiki of Ice and Fire (MAJOR spoilers from the books)
↑ HBO viewers guide, season 2 map, Riverrun entry
↑ "House Tully (Histories & Lore)"
↑ "House Baelish (Histories & Lore)"
↑ 6.0 6.1 "Walk of Punishment"
↑ Miller, Susan (August 3, 2012). Day 26: Gosford Castle as Riverrun WinterIsComing.Net
↑ audio commentary from Gemma Jackson for "Walk of Punishment"
↑ https://www.finwake.com/1024chapter1/fw01.htm
↑ https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2014/03/game-of-thrones-benioff-weiss-interview
Retrieved from "https://gameofthrones.fandom.com/wiki/Riverrun?oldid=444018"


text:
Q: How to remove smell of cigarettes from PC setup I recently moved out of a place with three roomates who smoked indoors.  They smoked in the basement which is also where my PC was set up.
I left my PC on nearly all the time so it's been breathing that air in for a good six months.  I took it apart and blew it out with compressed air when I got to my new place, and it was just loaded with thick brown and black dust and all kinds of gross stuff.  Definitely smells a bit better now that I've cleaned out the inside but there's still a very noticeable smell around my setup.
I have the following pieces of equipment:

*

*Desktop PC

*Two flatscreen HDMI monitors

*External harddrive

*Mouse, keyboard, headset, webcam

*Computer speakers with left and right channels and a subwoofer

*Several usb cables

*Also a folding table I had it set up on
All of this stuff smells pretty bad especially when it's all together like it will be when it's set up.  The table and gadgetry I'm sure just needs to be wiped down with a wet cloth but I'm wondering if there's any tricks to getting the smell out of the more sensitive electronics, and if I need to clean inside things or just the outsides.

A: The problem you are going to have with smoke is that it will actually form a film.  To totally remove the smell, the film has to go as well.
Once you've physically cleaned as much as you can (and I'd recommend just replacing the cheap stuff like keyboard and mouse, etc.), then bagging everything up in large garbage bags with either activated charcoal (fish tank filter charcoal stuff) or a nice size freshly opened container of coffee grounds.

A: No promises here, but something you could try is baking soda and maybe just some soap and water by cleaning and removing everything out? Best of luck.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Great article on Digital Foundry about the design of AC2. Definitely worth a read.
Nice find, I had a quick scan and theres some seriously amazing stuff in that article.
I'll give it a good read tomorrow when I have time.


text:
Muscle twitching - muscle twitching
Muscle twitching can be a completely harmless symptom, but it can also be related to various serious illnesses. The intensity of the muscle twitching is extremely variable according to the different causes. It ranges from barely perceptible twitching of individual muscle fibers and bundles to twitching of the entire muscle with movement effect. A medical examination of the complaints is strongly advised, especially in the case of repeated occurrence and muscle twitching with movement effects.
Muscle twitching in the broadest sense means all involuntary contractions of individual muscle fibers, muscle bundles, muscles as well as the simultaneous contraction of numerous muscle groups, such as in the context of an epileptic seizure. A distinction is made between the various forms in so-called fibrillations (twitching of individual muscle fibers, without movement effect), fasciculations (twitching of individual muscle bundles, noticeable but without any noteworthy movement effect), myoclonus (twitching of the muscle; with or without movement) and tremor (twitching of several muscle parts with regular tremors) as a movement effect). The so-called myokymia, in which a contraction wave passes through individual muscles without triggering movement, can also be assigned to the muscle twitches.
Depending on the extent of the muscle twitching, the symptoms can vary considerably. For example, while fibrillations can only be recognized with the help of special examination methods, tremors can often be easily recognized even by medical laypersons due to the clear tremor of individual parts of the body. The fasciculation is often seen in the twitching of individual muscle bundles in the facial area, such as twitching of the eyelid. The myoclonus usually appear as twitching of several muscles and is often accompanied by a significant movement effect. They can be observed, for example, in epilepsy, but also with a tick.
A tremor arises from the increased involuntary rhythmic contraction of different muscle groups and their opponents, but here too there are clear differences between the various forms of tremor. For example, a distinction is made between the resting tremor and the action tremor, depending on the circumstances in which the symptoms mainly occur. The extent of the muscle twitching and possibly accompanying symptoms often provide important information about the cause of the symptoms. Therefore, in connection with the description of the causes of muscle twitching, there is also a more detailed explanation of the respective symptoms.
First of all, a distinction must be made between the pathological forms of muscle twitching and the more harmless muscle twitches, such as the so-called benign fasciculation. While the former are an expression of a disease, the latter is often assumed to be related to psychological factors such as increased stress. Muscle twitches without an underlying disease are uncomfortable for those affected, but harmless from a health point of view.
One of the best-known forms of muscle twitching is the so-called tick, in which the contraction of individual muscles or muscle groups leads to involuntary movements such as blinking the eyes, raising the eyebrows or even more complex movements. The cause of a tick is suspected to be malfunctioning of the nervous system or, above all, disorders of the basal ganglia, which is why the complaints are assigned to the so-called extrapyramidal hyperkinesias (movement disorders that do not arise in the pyramidal system).
In rare cases, however, patients suffering from brain inflammation also develop a tick. In addition, a connection with the so-called striatofrontal dysfunction is discussed, which describes a disturbance of the control circuit in the frontal brain and striatum. As a rule, the tick is not associated with further health threats. However, more pronounced forms of a tick, which in addition to the involuntary movements can also be accompanied by involuntary vocalizations (for example in the context of Tourette syndrome), are usually a considerable burden for those affected in everyday life, which can lead to further psychological complaints.
Uncontrolled, seizure-like muscle twitches are one of the main symptoms in the various forms of epilepsy. The muscles suddenly start to cramp due to causes not yet fully known. A real firework of neuron discharges takes place in the brain of those affected, which leads to false signals to the muscles. What triggers the disturbances in the brain remains largely unclear - despite significant research success in recent years. It is certain that special neurotransmitters play an important role here. However, the circumstances under which epilepsy develops from one-time seizures remains uncertain. However, genetic predisposition seems to be important for all epileptics.
Possible causes of so-called symptomatic epilepsy include, for example, congenital damage to the brain, malformations of the brain tissue or even brain tumors. For example, if a patient suffers a severe traumatic brain injury in an accident, this can also lead to the development of symptomatic epilepsy. Inflammation of the brain, such as that caused by viral (e.g. measles, TBE, hepatitis C) or bacterial (e.g. borreliosis, meningococcal) infectious diseases, may also be associated with epileptic seizures. In addition, pathological changes in the blood vessels in the brain, such as those that occur during calcification of the arteries, should be considered as a possible cause of symptomatic epilepsy.
Occasional seizures, which are accompanied by significant muscle twitching, but in the narrower sense are not to be classified as epilepsy, can be caused, for example, by high fever, a massive hypoglycaemia in diabetes or by the abuse of drugs, medication and alcohol. In the case of alcohol, both acute alcohol poisoning and withdrawal after many years of use are sometimes accompanied by epilepsy-like seizures.
Another cause of occasional seizures is a shift in the mineral content in the organism. For example, if the potassium level in the blood rises sharply (hyperkalaemia) or the calcium concentration in the blood increases as part of hyperparathyroidism (dysfunction of the parathyroid glands with increased hormone secretion), muscle twitching and seizures are a possible consequence. In people with pronounced photosensitivity, occasional epileptic seizures are also triggered by extremely bright light pulses or the rapidly changing light-dark contrast (for example, flashing light in the camera or stroboscope in discotheques).
The intensity and duration of the epileptic seizure can vary significantly depending on the various causes and can range from localized seizures without impairing consciousness to severe seizures of the whole body, with temporary loss of consciousness and unwanted loss of urine and stool. The acute attack is usually over after a few minutes, but in severe cases it can last significantly longer than 20 minutes. In the course of the seizure, the patients often suffer secondary injuries from the sudden, uncontrolled fall to the floor and / or the extreme tension in the muscles. Damage to the brain is also threatened by the massively increased concentration of the neurotransmitters.
The most well-known neurological disorder, which is accompanied by muscle twitching and a conspicuous tremor (tremor), is Parkinson's disease. Damage to the extrapyramidal-motor nervous system shows symptoms such as a general slowdown in movements (bradykinesis), muscle stiffness (rigor), changes in posture and a noticeable tremor. In the course of the disease, the complaints become increasingly severe, and further ailments such as muscle and joint pain or so-called sensations (numbness, tingling in the limbs) can be added. Even in the early stages of the disease, many sufferers show an impaired sense of smell. Bladder dysfunction and indigestion are other common symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease.
There are also various physical complaints, depending on the individual course of the disease. In addition to physical impairments, Parkinson's patients often suffer from various psychological complaints, such as a general lack of drive, a slowing down of thinking processes and restrictions in cognitive abilities up to dementia.
Another neurological disorder that can lead to muscle twitching is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the cause of which remains largely unclear to this day. In the course of this fortunately extremely rare disease, the nerve cells that control muscle movement are increasingly irreversibly damaged. Impairments of the muscles can depend on the affected nerve cells, muscle weakness to the point of muscle loss or increased muscle tension up to spasticity.
Often, those affected show accompanying symptoms such as swallowing problems, speech disorders and an insecure gait. In the further course, paralysis of the muscles also impair the respiratory function. Those affected have no prospect of a cure and usually only have a few years to live after the diagnosis.
As a central nervous system disorder, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease can cause muscle twitching and even epileptic seizures. So-called pathological prions lead to pathological changes in the tissue structures in the brain and a subsequent death of the nerve cells. The disease became known in the wake of the BSE scandal that struck Great Britain in the 1980s and 1990s, and subsequently Germany as well. In cattle, the prions had triggered the so-called mad cow disease and it quickly became suspected that a newer variant of the transmissible Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease could be related to the consumption of beef contaminated with BSE.
In general, three different variants of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease are distinguished: sporadic prion disease, genetic prion disease and the transmissible Creutzfeldt-Jakob variant. Both the sporadic and the communicable variant of the disease usually lead to the death of the patient within a few months. In the genetically determined variant, the course of the disease can extend over a significantly longer period after the outbreak (usually several years).
In the early stages of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, those affected often initially suffer from psychological problems such as fear and panic attacks, mood swings or even depression. Delusions can also occur in the course of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Over time, those affected become increasingly restricted in their cognitive and motor skills. Memory disorders are one of the typical mental impairments and muscle twitches are considered a characteristic motor disorder. The eyesight of those affected is also often affected.
In the later course of the transferable variant, many sufferers also suffer from painful sensations, dizziness, nausea and vomiting. The extent of the motor impairments usually increases continuously and the muscle twitches often increase in the further course up to regular epileptic seizures. Due to the incorrect control of the muscles, many sufferers also suffer from severe body aches. In the course of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, the brain is increasingly destroyed and appears to be perforated like a sponge in the end stage. At this stage, those affected are no longer able to communicate with their fellow human beings and are often completely unable to move.
Vegetative dystonia
Disorders of the vegetative nervous system in the form of so-called vegetative dystonia are also associated with muscle twitches. The interaction between the sympathetic and parasympathetic as well as the information processing in the diencephalon is impaired in those affected, which in addition to muscle twitching can lead to numerous different complaints such as heart problems in the form of heart stumbling, rapid heartbeat, heart pain and tightness in the chest, or shortness of breath, headache and dizziness . Stomach problems - especially indigestion, stomach pressure and stomach pain or abdominal pain - are also considered possible symptoms of vegetative dystonia.
Furthermore, those affected often feel uneasy, they are easily irritable and often nervous. Sometimes there is a general lack of drive and the increased occurrence of panic attacks or existential fear. Vegetative dystonia is a relatively unclearly defined complaint to this day, which makes it difficult to make a clear diagnosis and has often given rise to criticism in specialist circles. There is no organic cause of the symptoms in vegetative dystonia, and serious health problems are generally not expected.
Other causes of muscle twitching
In addition to the causes of muscle twitching already mentioned, numerous other factors can be considered as triggers of the symptoms. For example, high fever can cause involuntary muscle contractions in the form of so-called febrile convulsions. Fasciculations can also be observed as late effects of polio in the context of the so-called post-polio syndrome. If the liver's detoxification function is impaired, this can lead to brain damage due to the increased concentration of chemical compounds such as ammonia or gamma-aminobutyric acid in the organism (hepatic encephalopathy). This in turn brings complaints such as muscle twitches in the form of myoclonus and tremor or progressive muscle breakdown.
The so-called serotonin syndrome, which is caused by a long-term increase in the concentration of the neurotransmitter serotonin and similar substances, can also be considered as a trigger for muscle twitching. This results in cognitive impairments as well as motor malfunctions, such as muscle twitching and tremors. The syndrome is often caused by the interaction between different drugs. Long-term therapies with special psychotropic drugs (neuroleptics) are considered to be a potential cause of motor disorders in the form of so-called late dyskinesias, which in turn can be associated with involuntary muscle contractions. An addiction to opiates can also cause massive muscle twitches if withdrawn accordingly.
If people suffer from a pronounced magnesium deficiency, this can lead to impaired muscle function such as muscle cramps (usually calf cramps) and muscle twitching. Most of the time, due to the magnesium deficiency, those affected are plagued by numerous other complaints, such as chronic fatigue, headaches, regular falling asleep in the hands and feet or back pain. Sodium deficiency or insufficient sodium in the blood (hyponatremia) can also be accompanied by muscle twitching in the form of myoclonus, tremor and, in extremely severe cases, even epileptic seizures.
However, not only the lack of required minerals should be considered as a possible cause of the muscle twitching, but also an excessive concentration of certain substances can cause the symptoms. For example, in Wilson's disease, the copper metabolism in the liver is disturbed, which results in an increase in the copper concentration in the organism. This in turn brings with it numerous complaints, which can also include muscle twitches in the form of tremors, rarely even epileptic seizures. If the carbon dioxide concentration in the blood increases (hypercapnia), muscle twitching and muscle spasms, in addition to changes in the skin's appearance (noticeable reddening) and cardiac arrhythmia, are among the possible consequences. A massive increase in carbon dioxide leads to impaired consciousness up to coma.
Furthermore, a pinched nerve can cause twitching of the muscles in the supply area of the affected nerve due to the disturbed signal transmission. In the event of severe hypothermia, the body tries to stabilize its temperature through muscle twitching (trembling) and ultimately chills are just a special form of muscle twitching. A possible cause for the twitching of individual muscles, such as a nervous twitching of the eyelid, is also psychological stress, such as grief or stress.
A detailed survey of the patients about the intensity of the muscle twitching, the affected muscles, already known previous illnesses, the taking of medicines and other potentially nerve-damaging substances often gives the first indications of the cause of the complaints. In the course of a subsequent physical examination, tests of reflexes, stimulus transmission or sensibility, balance, coordination and muscle strength can provide further important clues for the diagnosis.
A blood test in the laboratory is used to determine whether there are metabolic diseases, deficiency states or too high a concentration of certain substances in the organism and can also provide important information about possible infections or inflammatory processes. Special additional examination methods are used depending on the suspected cause of the muscle twitching. For example, the so-called L-Dopa test is used to determine Parkinson's. Electroneurography (ENG; measurement of nerve conduction speed) and electromyography (EMG; measurement of electrical muscle activity) are used to identify nerve damage. Electroencephalography (EEG) can be used to determine the electrical activity in the brain and thus, for example, the readiness of the brain for epileptic discharges.
Modern imaging methods such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) enable a more detailed analysis of brain functions and other special examination methods, such as positron emission tomography (PET), are used for the targeted examination of neurological failures. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography can generally make a significant contribution to the diagnosis. If in doubt, inflammation of the brain or meninges may require a lumbar puncture, in which a sample of the cerebrospinal fluid (cerebrospinal fluid) is taken.
If it is not possible to determine the physical causes of muscle twitching using the diagnostic methods available, a psychological examination may be appropriate to check whether the symptoms are related to psychological factors.
If the muscle twitches are based on physical causes, the therapeutic options are often extremely limited and only a relief of the symptoms - but no cure - can be achieved. For example, therapy for Parkinson's is aimed at slowing the course of the disease as far as possible, but those affected are not cured of their illness. In epilepsy, treatment is designed to prevent the onset of seizures, but here too, patients have had no prospect of fully overcoming their disease.
If the symptoms are due to deficiency symptoms, such as a magnesium deficiency, the increased supply of the necessary minerals via the food can help the muscle twitching to subside. Appropriate preparations from the pharmacy are used for severe deficiency conditions. If the concentration of potassium or other substances that can cause muscle twitching is too high, the aim is usually to lower the corresponding blood values with medication while at the same time reducing the supply of the substances via food. If a bacterial infection is the cause of febrile seizures or inflammation of the brain, antibiotics can usually lead to promising cures. In the case of viral infections, however, the treatment option is rather limited and those affected are significantly more dependent on their self-healing powers. If a connection between the muscle twitches and the intake of medicines is suspected, these should be discontinued urgently or possible alternative preparations should be used instead.
Behavioral therapies are a widely used approach to treat tick disorders and are sometimes used in vegetative dystonia. In general, psychotherapeutic procedures can often be used to achieve comprehensive treatment success for mentally induced muscle twitches. In the case of severe forms, accompanying drug therapy comes into play. In the event of a tick disorder, this can also be used to suppress involuntary muscle movements (with the help of neuroleptics). Ultimately, there is a wide range of treatment options available that can at least alleviate the symptom of muscle twitching, even if the cause can often not be remedied.
Naturopathy offers a number of promising approaches, particularly for psychologically induced muscle twitches, but also for incurable diseases such as Parkinson's disease that can contribute to relief. In accordance with the holistic approach of naturopathy, a whole bundle of different measures is often used to deal with the complaints at different levels. In Parkinson's, for example, movement or physiotherapy is used to counteract the motor impairments.
In addition, manual procedures such as osteopathy or massages and acupuncture can be used for this purpose. Various homeopathic remedies (e.g. Antimonium tartaricum, Agaricus muscarius) and Schüssler salts (e.g. No. 2 Calcium phosphoricum, and No. 7 Magnesium phosphoricum) are used internally to treat Parkinson's symptoms, with the choice of suitable remedies being reserved for experienced therapists should and the preparations can vary greatly depending on the constitution of the patient. With accompanying speech therapy, the language and swallowing problems that can be expected in the later course of the disease can also be prevented.
In the case of stress-induced muscle twitches, naturopathy uses psychotherapeutic measures that include learning special stress avoidance or coping techniques (e.g. autogenic training), as well as herbal active ingredients that are intended to counteract the nervousness and inner restlessness of the patient. Valerian, passion flowers and hops are particularly worth mentioning here. Different homeopathic remedies, such as Aconitum, Cocculus, Coffea or Zincum metallicum, can also be used against nervous muscle twitches, although the selection of suitable remedies is ideally in the hands of experienced therapists.
According to the various causes that can be the reason for muscle twitching, numerous other naturopathic treatment approaches are possible, ranging from relatively simple to implement nutritional therapeutic measures and hydrotherapy procedures to more complex methods that, for example, generally strengthen the immune system.
Dipl. Geogr. Fabian Peters
Claudio L. Bassetti, Marco Mumenthaler: Disorders of Muscle Tone (Muscle Tension), Neurological Differential Diagnostics, Thieme Verlag, 6th edition, 2012
CE Elger, R. Berkenfeld (shared first authorship) et al .: S1 guideline, first epileptic seizure and epilepsy in adulthood, 2017, In: German Society for Neurology, ed. Guidelines for Diagnostics and Therapy in Neurology, (accessed October 6, 2019 ), DGN
M. Deschauer et al .: S1 Guideline Diagnostics of Myopathies, 2016, In: German Society for Neurology, Ed. Guidelines for Diagnostics and Therapy in Neurology, (accessed October 6, 2019), DGN
David Tanen: Serotonin Syndrome, MSD Manual, (accessed October 6, 2019), MSD
ICD codes for this disease: R25.2ICD codes are internationally valid encryption codes for medical diagnoses. You can find yourself e.g. in doctor's letters or on disability certificates.
Video: Chronic muscle spasms and tightness caused by loose ligaments - Danielle Matias, PA-C (January 2022).
Start of the flu season: How to reduce the risk of infection
Lidl recall due to risk of injury - cheese is mixed with plastic parts!
Fruit and vegetable pollutants: better wash or peel?
10 tips for high blood pressure - proper nutrition
Fitness trend HIIT: Losing weight effectively with very little expenditure of time
Man injected his own sperm for a year and a half to heal his back - with the result!
Pioneering treatment increases life expectancy in incurable prostate cancer
Improper diet during pregnancy increases the risk of obesity and heart disease
Copyright 2022 \ Muscle twitching - muscle twitching...


President Obama's reelection campaign Thursday accused Mitt Romney of lying — and perhaps of breaking federal law — after the Globe reported that government documents listed him as in charge of the private equity firm he founded, Bain Capital, three years longer than he has previously stated.
The Romney campaign called such statements by the Obama team reckless and asked the Globe to print a correction, which it has declined to do.
Romney's campaign manager, Matt Rhoades, demanded an apology for Cutter's remarks.
Romney has asserted he left the firm in 1999, but records show Bain listed him on government filings as the man in charge through 2002.
New evidence emerged late Thursday that raises further questions about Romney's claim of a total disconnect between himself and Bain Capital entities after Feb. 11, 1999, when he became chief executive of the Salt Lake Organizing Committee.
Romney said he remained on the boards of several companies, including the Lifelike Co., in which Bain Capital held a stake until 2001. The Huffington Post and MSNBC also carried reports Thursday night about Romney's membership on the Lifelike board.
The Romney campaign claimed the candidate's testimony to the ballot commission actually strengthens the case that he left Bain Capital for good in 1999.
The Globe's initial report Thursday focused on apparent inconsistencies between Securities and Exchange Commission filings by Bain Capital — which state that Romney continued to head the firm after Feb. 11, 1999, the date he claims to have retired — and Romney's most recent submission to the Office of Government Ethics, which says that "since February 11, 1999, Mr. Romney has not had any active role with any Bain Capital entity and has not been involved in the operations of any Bain Capital entity in any way." Other media have reported similar findings.
Two other documents contain similar information, the Globe found. In his first year as governor of Massachusetts, in 2003, Romney disclosed to the State Ethics Commission that he still owned 100 percent of Bain Capital in 2002. Romney's state financial disclosure forms indicate he earned at least $100,000 as a Bain "executive" in 2001 and 2002, separate from investment earnings.
Spokespersons for both the SEC and the Office of Government Ethics declined to comment on the record Thursday.
The Romney campaign did not dispute any facts reported Thursday by the Globe but nevertheless requested a correction, saying the story left the false impression that Romney continued to oversee Bain Capital's day-to-day operations.
The firm did not respond to Globe questions about why SEC filings show Romney in control of five Bain Capital business partnerships that were formed in January 2002 — long after Romney claims to have left.
Romney and his presidential campaign have gone to great lengths to assert that he permanently departed Bain in 1999, never exerted any influence on its operation, and should not be held responsible for bankruptcies and layoffs after that time.
But at the time of his departure, Romney's frame of mind was merely to take a leave of absence while he was running the winter Olympics, according to Romney's own testimony to the state ballot commission, which let Romney remain on the ballot for governor in 2002.
Experts in finance and security law disagree about how much legal significance the discrepancies between Romney's financial disclosure statements and SEC documents may have.
Others, including Roberta S. Karmel, a former SEC commissioner quoted by the Globe on Thursday, say SEC filings are a crucial window on the operations of business.


text:
For the latest reviews of arthouse, documentary and indie film in cinemas and on the festival circuit.
Interviews Joseph Walsh
Interview: Maryam Keshavarz, 'Circumstance'
American-Iranian director Maryam Keshavarz is a woman who doesn't fear courting controversy – a fact very much apparent in her first feature, Circumstance (2011), which claimed the Sundance Audience Award back in 2011. The film follows two wild-spirited teenage girls living in Iran (Sarah Kazemy and Nikohl Boosheri) who, tired of the rules and religious oppression of their society, delve into the underground subculture of the country's night-life.
When CineVue met with Keshavarz recently, we started discussing why she felt the need to make this controversial drama: "I was doing my MFA at NYU and TISH in directing. We had this class where we had to write a feature from a personal place. I grew up between Iran and the US and I wanted to draw on my experiences as a teenager of navigating the underground party world I saw with my cousins." From this foundation, Keshavarz wanted to explore "what it meant to be a young woman in a world that is so conservative" and "how people find ways to express themselves."
Keshavarz is fascinated by the idea of how liberal minded family full of music and art operate in a conservative environment, a factor that creates the central tension within Circumstance. Once again drawing on past experiences, she stated: "I always wondered how it was like for [my uncle] and what was it like if you are liberal, having a family in a culture where you know where the state doesn't hold the same values. The father in my film is creating a liberal environment of art, music and freethinking and what he instils in his daughter is a rebelliousness and free spirit. But how can she live in that world?"
Keshavarz was aware that she would never be able to make her film in Iran – opting instead for neighbouring Lebanon. "I had never really been to Lebanon. It's a much smaller country [than Iran], but there was this feeling, we look alike and there are cultural similarities. The way I approached it was to get a sense of people's politics, and eventually I would tell them exactly what the project was about." Keshavarz also faced difficulties with the authorities – who at one point thought she was making a gay porn film – and the 35mm film stock, which had to be carried across to Jordan before being flown back to LA for processing.
Addressing Circumstance's central lesbian romance, Keshavarz clarifies: "At the heart of it is the dynamic between these two girls and the sexual element, which is something not easily discussed or seen on the screen. For me, it's a film about sexuality, and I didn't want to stop by just making a film about heterosexuality. The spectrum of sexuality for women is different, especially in countries where the sexes are divided." Importantly, Keshavarz didn't see herself as a moral crusader, yet understood the need for a level of lightness to the film. "I wanted to talk about the serious elements of what is happening with gay rights and politics in the Middle East, but there is also a playfulness to the film. We don't efface who we are as humans because you are somehow part of a political movement."
Keshavarz is now unable to return to Iran, although Circumstance is available on the popular Iranian black market. As we wrapped up the interview, she admitted, "I have heard through the grapevine what the reaction is – there is a lot of outrage. What I love about Iran is that there is always a lot of outrage, yet they'll still watch the movie."
Maryam Keshavarz's Circumstance will screen at ICA London from 24 August. For more info and to book tickets, visit ica.org.uk.
View CineVueUK's profile on Facebook
View CineVue's profile on Twitter
Cannes 2019: Once Upon a Time in Hollywood review
Film Review: Midsommar
Film Review: Vita and Virginia
Cannes 2019: Parasite review
Establishing Shots Podcast
Adam Lowes
Alasdair Bayman
Caitlin Quinlan
Christopher Machell
DocHouse
FrightFest
LFF
Harriet Warman
Jamie Neish
John Bleasdale
Joseph Walsh
Lucy Popescu
Martyn Conterio
Matthew Anderson
Maximilian von Thun
Patrick Gamble
Rhys Handley
Rory O'Connor
Sara Merican
Sucheta Chakraborty
Zoe Margolis


text:
US Agency Approves $4Bln Sale of 8 Apache Helicopters to Kuwait
https://cdn1.img.sputniknews.com/img/106214/35/1062143578_0:100:1920:1180_1200x675_80_0_0_5cbd694ffa42ac6fbef073118fef0cc7.jpg
https://sputniknews.com/world/202012301081604219-us-agency-approves-4bln-sale-of-8-apache-helicopters-to-kuwait/
WASHINGTON (Sputnik) - The US State Department signed off on a $4 billion arms sale to Kuwait, including eight Apache AH-64E helicopters and equipment to upgrade an additional 16 older Apaches, the Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) said in a press release.
"The government of Kuwait has requested to buy eight (8) AH-64E Apache Longbow Attack Helicopters and remanufacture sixteen (16) of their AH-64D Apache Longbow Attack Helicopters to the AH-64E configuration consisting of: eight (8) AH-64E Apache Helicopters (new procurement); sixteen (16) AH-64E Apache Helicopters (remanufacture)," the release said on Tuesday. "The total estimated cost is $4.0 billion."
A separate DSCA release announced a State Department approval for a proposed $200 million sale of spare parts for Kuwait's upgraded Patriot missile defense system.
The DSCA claimed that both sales support US foreign policy and national security, by helping to strengthen the forces of a major non-NATO ally that is said to be a key element in political stability and economic progress for the Middle East.
The principal contractors for the Apache agreement include Boeing, Lockheed Martin, General Electric, Raytheon and Longbow, while the DSCA named Raytheon as a primary supplier of equipment for the Patriot missile defense system.
Deliveries of Aircraft Defense System to Egypt
The State Department also signed off on a potential $104 million sale of aircraft infrared technology to Egypt, plus a separate $64.6 million sale of advanced sniper targeting pods, the DSCA said in separate announcements.
"The Government of Egypt has requested to buy one (1) AN/AAQ-24(V)N Large Aircraft Infrared Countermeasures (LAIRCM) system to protect one (1) Airbus 340-200 Head-of-State aircraft," a DSCA press release said on Tuesday. "The estimated total cost is $104 million.
The so-called self-protection suite is claimed to improve the survivability of an Airbus airplane that serves as Egypt's equivalent of US Air Force One. Weapons manufacturer Northrop Grumman will supply the equipment, the release said.
In a separate release, the DSCA said that the State Department had also approved the sale of Sniper Advanced Targeting Pods and related equipment to Egypt for an estimated $65.6 million, with Lockheed Martin designated as the primary contractor.
Saudi Arabia to Buy 3,000 Bombs
In a statement the State Department said that it has also approved a possible sale of 3,000 small diameter bombs to Saudi Arabia in a deal worth of $290 million.
"The [State Department's] Defense Security Cooperation Agency delivered the required certification notifying Congress of this possible sale today," the statement on Tuesday.
The State Department said that Saudi Arabia requested to buy GBU-39 SDB I munitions with containers, support equipment and services, spare and repair parts.
The State Department said the proposed sale will help to improve "the security of a friendly country that continues to be an important force for political stability and economic growth in the Middle East."
Qatar and Kuwait Vow to Join US-Led Maritime Coalition, US Official Says
Beijing Calls on US to Cancel Arms Sale to Taiwan
Iran's Envoy to Egypt Claims US and Israel Seek to Sow Division in Arab World
US State Department Approves $1.4 Billion in Potential Patriot Missile Upgrades for Kuwait
Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA), Egypt, Kuwait, US


This article falls within the scope of WikiProject UK geography, a user-group dedicated to building a comprehensive and quality guide to places in the United Kingdom on Wikipedia. If you wish to participate, share ideas or merely get tips you can join us at the project page where there are resources, to do lists and guidelines on how to write about settlements.
Boothferry (district) is within the scope of WikiProject Yorkshire, an attempt to build a comprehensive and detailed guide to Yorkshire on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, you can visit the project page, where you can join the project, see a list of open tasks, and join in discussions on the project's talk page.
This page was last edited on 25 July 2013, at 08:23 (UTC).


The Balnarring Picnic Racing Club (BPRC) is well-known to the locals of the Mornington Peninsula and is very popular amongst the community for family-friendly days out at the races. They needed a re-vamp of their existing logo and potentially, have it applied to some business stationery.
The BPRC is situated in a semi-secluded spot surrounded by beautiful, tall gum trees making it the ideal spot for a relaxing day out. Their existing logo was very detailed for a logo and they wanted to simplify it but keep the dark green colour. In a way, I was free to do what I liked and see where it took me.
I was very happy with my final outcome - having made a more modern, clean, simplified version of the the previous logo. It was different & unique, just like the venue.
Above: Applied to new logo to business card, website & letterhead.


Born and spending his 'formative years' in Japan and Iran, Cellin Gluck graduated from the Canadian Academy in Kobe before attending the Claremont Colleges, graduating from Pitzer College with honors from the Pomona College Theatre Department. Convinced early by his father that archaeology was a hobby best followed by those with time and money, Cellin decided to follow a much more responsible and certain path to success. Using his bicultural heritage to its fullest, he has spent the past 28+ years in film production with a particular emphasis on Japan. First advertising agency producer, to commercial director, then moving to films as an assistant director to Ridley Scott, Roger Spottiswoode,-Mike Figgis, Sean Cunnigham and Robert Zemeckis among others. Cellin believes his multi-cultural upbringing and his own diverse 'composition' gives him an innate sensibility for things both Eastern and Western. Allowing him to bridge cultures visually, viscerally and artistically as well as emotionally.
Debby Graudenz is the daughter of Sugihara survivor Rabbi Samuel ("Isi") Graudenz. Rabbi Graudenz was in the group of four young men from the Mir Yeshiva in Poland who were instrumental in helping Sugihara-San with deciding to disobey responses from Tokyo and produce Transit Visas, saving more than 2,000 Jews clamoring to escape the Nazis. Debby remembers stories her father told of sitting on the floor of the Japanese Consulate in Kaunas, Lithuania, playing with Hiroki, one of the Sugihara children, and his trains while Sugihara-san was writing visas. During the last 10 years of Rabbi Graudenz life, Debby came to learn more and more about the incredible, selfless gift that Sugihara-san gave to so many Jews, at great cost to himself and his family. She has appeared as the daughter of a Sugihara Survivor (Rabbi Graudenz died in 2006) at gatherings such as this one, and was honored to meet Hiroki's daughter, Madoka, and her son, Keisege when Persona Non Grata premiered in San Francisco.
This screening is offered to our members. Seating is available on a first come, first served basis. Members, please use the passcode to register.


text:
Club Chaplain Focus Final Part
September 20, 2006 September 20, 2006 IanB
In this final article in the series will look at Bruce's views on the sharing of wealth in football, his involvement with fans and the wider community, plus how long he hopes to retain the position of Chaplain.
Do you think the 'business' side of football clubs is detracting from the enjoyment of playing and watching football?
Being a bit controversial here, I would say that a good example of business decisions being detrimental at times is the example of one-year kit deals stemming from business pressures. Who wants to buy a kit for a Christmas present that only has four months left to run? There is a balance between decisions made for the benefit of the business and not alienating the fan base. Close consultation with the fans is vital to achieve this.
I don't like the inequalities that force clubs to make very tough business decisions. We are in a situation now where the rich are getting ever richer at the expensive of the other clubs. As fans we strive for that fact that our club can win something. Twenty-five years ago several Midlands Clubs would have been able to have won the league title. Without the extremely rich investor the best a medium sized club can hope for now is a good cup run. I personally believe that when taking into account that we no longer operate within a level playing field, what Martin O'Neil achieved with this club was the equivalent to what Brian Clough achieved as a manager all those years ago….
Fryatt On Target In Well Earned Point
Sunderland 1 Leicester City 1
To most City fans the trip to Wearside had not come at an ideal time. The fortunes of both clubs had changed in the last week with Leicester's 4 match unbeaten run coming to an end with defeats at WBA and against Hull, whereas Sunderland have recovered dramatically from their disastrous pre-'Keano' start, winning their last three.
In fact this fresh wave of optimism brought by the arrival of the former Manchester United legend, plus several deadline day signings was evident on the faces of the home fans walking to the mightily impressive Stadium of Light.
The away fans in contrast were slightly more subdued. Having fired blanks in 5 of our 7 league games this season, and our only goal away from home being last weeks 'own' effort by Darren Kenton, 0-0 seemed to be a popular opinion of our best hope.
Rob Kelly made two changes from Tuesday night's defeat, with O'Grady and Wesolowski coming in for Hume and Low. Sunderland's only change from their 3-0 win at Leeds was Chris Brown replacing the injured Connolly.
After the blaring 'Dance Of The Knights' from Prokofiev's 'Romeo & Juliet' had died down, City started brightly, winning a couple of corners and Wesolowski firing wide from 25 yards. However it was not long before the Black Cats came into the game. Ross Wallace and Kenton started a good battle that would last all game and on 10 minutes the Scottish winger won a free kick. The cross was met by Brown but his header went just wide of the right hand upright….
Tigers Steal Victory
City 0 Hull 1
It was another disappointing and frustrating night for the City fans as the club suffered their second defeat of the week with a 2-0 loss against West Brom on Saturday and a 1-0 defeat at the Walkers Stadium to bottom of the table Hull City.
The lowest Championship attendance at the Walkers Stadium saw former Leeds and Sunderland striker Michael Bridges score a 25 yard screamer that nestled into the top corner of Paul Henderson's goal. It was cruel blow for City, who had enjoyed the majority of the possession and domination of the chances in the game.
Rob Kelly made just the one change to the side that lost on Saturday with Iain Hume replacing Chris O'Grady in partnership with Matty Fryatt. City created their first chance of the night early in the game through Paddy McCarthy following a corner after five minutes which was guided into the arms of Hull keeper Boaz Myhill.
2nd Half Performance = Zero Points
WEST BROMWICH ALBION 2 LEICESTER CITY 0
It was a warm and pleasant afternoon. The journey by train from Leicester via Birmingham New Street, Moor Street to The Hawthorns was simple, uneventful and cheap.
The mood was quiet and relaxed. The Home team and their supporters were not in bullish form. The general impression, however, was that this was a bigger club than Leicester and a more determined, slightly resigned, following, mildly sceptical of their manager's abilities and outlook.
The first half had a restrained tone. Neither side gave the impression of trying too hard. John Hartson was out for an afternoon stroll and Kevin Phillips menaced, but appeared to be finding his feet rather than using them. Matty Fryatt demonstrated his ability to turn a defender on a couple of occasions, but these were solitary efforts.
No sign of a decent through ball from any Leicester player. Chris O'Grady is quick, but his first touch is less than something to point out to your children. Andy Johnson looks like a selection with a very short future. Joshua Low danced around on his toes, but affected the outcome not one jot. Paul Henderson had plenty to do and did it with style and accomplishment….
Midlands Regional Conference 2006
This is the final article looking back at the Supporters Direct organised Midlands Regional Conference which was held at the Walkers Stadium during July.
Closing Debate:
The closing debate focused on clubs in the community with particular emphasis on how we identify our 'community' and then how we interact with it. Chaired by Chris Egerton of BBC Radio Leicester, the following personnel were on the debating panel:
David Taylor – MP for North West Leicestershire AND Foxes Trust Member, Brian Burgess – Bees United & Brentford FC, Darren Bernstein – Football League, Dave Boyle – Deputy Chief Executive of Supporters Direct, and our very own Craig White – LCFC Football in the Community Officer*
* – Many thanks to Craig who postponed his holiday by one day in order to attend
Again lessons were learnt and healthy debate between the panel and delegates took place.
Close of conference:
The conference closed and the cash bar opened in order to allow valuable continued discussion and networking in an informal environment!!! And finally:Should you wish to know more about the conference, please do not hesitate to contact me at the following email address: Matt.davis@foxestrust.com
John Adcock's Personal View of the Midlands Conference…..