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Islamic & Peace Studies at Oberlin College
مطالعات اسلامی و صلح در دانشگاه اُبِرلین
The Focus of My Scholarship
Performative Art
Friendship & Peacebuilding
Friendship Studies
Forgiveness in Politics
Islamic Mystic Traditions and Literature
Catherine Lytle: From Gerbils to Trolleybus
December 18, 2016 by clytle • Uncategorized • 0 Comments
There are stories in my family about two Mongolian gerbils that my uncle owned in the late 1970s. Their names were Babrak and Karmal. I've wondered over time how could a 10-year-old boy living in a flat on the 11th floor of a Socialist concrete building in then-Czechoslovakia could know the name of a president of Afghanistan so well that he named his pets after him?
In this paper I will show how uncle's pets are a symbol of the deep relationship between the Czech Republic and Afghanistan, now officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. Czechoslovakia (now Czech Republic and Slovak Republic since 1993) established this long, rich relationship with Afghanistan that in the 1920s during which time exchange of aid was already occurring, including construction of a sugar refinery in Baghlan province under Czechoslovakian supervision.1 The first diplomatic treaty that was signed between Czechoslovakia and Afghanistan was in 1937 in Paris. Still, the treaty was not realized until 1949 when the Czechoslovak government opened an embassy in Kabul; the Afghanis opened their embassy in Prague in 1950.2 Mohammed Daoud Khan, the Prime Minister of Afghanistan, visited Czechoslovakia in 1957 and a year later the Czechoslovak Prime Minister Viliam Široký, visited Afghanistan in 1958. By the late 20th century, ties between the two countries were so well established that even King Mohammed Zahir Shah visited Czechoslovakia in 1970.3 While a new treaty was ratified on December 17, 1973, between the two countries after the creation of the Republic of Afghanistan, this treaty was short lived due to the Soviet invasion in 1979.4
While the relationship was already well established, it was only after the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan that many more interesting ties between the two countries were forged. Economic trade intensified as Czechoslovakia actively desired to participate in Afghanistan's potential economic growth. On June 24, 1981, a delegation led by Babrak Karmal arrived in Prague and signed a treaty promising friendship and cooperation between the two countries. One of the most prominent projects of the 1980s was the establishment of a trolleybus system in Kabul named Milli, about which I will discuss in more detail.
The Soviet Union regarded Afghanistan as a buffer against the pro-West allied forces. Czechoslovakia, following in the Soviet footsteps, offered unconditional support for the Afghanistan revolution and Karmal and Mohammad Najibullah's regimes. Support can be seen through the supply of arms, training of Afghani forces and donation of credited supplies that predictably would not be redeemable. After the signing of Geneva agreements in April 1988 Czechoslovak engagement in Afghanistan increased further based on the false predictions that in peace Czechoslovakia would utilize its economic position.5
According to Milan Vyhlídal, a Czech scholar that wrote a comprehensive Master's thesis on the Czechsoslovak-Afghani military training between the years 1948-1989, there were two primary types of aid that Czechoslovakia was offering: the physical and the intangible. The physical aid can be seen in the form of military technology, arms and uniforms or the import of equipment for its production. The intangible aid mostly pertains to knowledge which was manifested through the stationing of Czechoslovak specialists in foreign military facilities such as factories or schools. Aside from Afghanistan, the most aid was also given to Libya, Syria and Iraq.6 The Soviet Union wanted to represent a neutral standpoint in these countries while offering its services at a cheaper cost, and agricultural and military aid in various forms. Czechoslovakia wanted to transcend that standpoint.
The relationship between Afghanistan and the Czechoslovakia has historically focused on economic aid. It was through the money and military equipment that the Czechoslovakia supplied that helped destroy Afghanistan. Recently, however, that relationship changed to one where Czech soldiers are sent on missions to Afghanistan as part of NATO. Either way, it appears as though the relationship is one in which the Czech forces always try to benefit. How is it that a country of 10 million has such a profound and deep tie with a country seemly very remote from its own interests?
The Creation of Military Schools
The increasing number of foreign students in Czechoslovakia and the complexity of military machinery being supplied only naturally resulted in the countries receiving aid from Czechoslovakia to found education centers. This included military schools and training centers of various levels— from apprentice and secondary military schools to technical universities which offered a wide range of military engineering education corresponding with the latest needs of modern army.7
At first the aim was to educate and train the military personnel in basic tank and air force operations. This was mainly done by the ČSLA (Československá lidová armáda, Czechoslovak People's Army), Vojenská technická akademie Antonína Zápotockého8 (Antonín Zápotocký's Technical Military Academy ).9 In Czechoslovakia in 1962, the Military Academy as a part of its transformation into Antonín Zápotocký Military Technical Academy created a department called Foreign (International) Faculty of Antonín Zápotocký Military Technical Academy."10 This School was responsible for international students primarily from Afghanistan, Indonesia, Kenya, Syria, Iraq and Algeria.11 Between the years 1961 and 1991 a total of 274 Afghani students enrolled and studied at the Antonín Zápotocký's Technical Military Academy in Brno.12 The students were enrolled either in a 10-month-long program or a 3-year-long program; the 3-year-long program included the following curriculum: first year, intensive Czech language course, second year, general technical training, third year – specialization study. The aim of this program was not just to educate future technical specialists but also to train future military commanding officers.13 The work of Czechoslovak teachers became an important source of experience for future similar foreign operations.14
The most prominent educational effort was seen at the military academy in Pul-i-Charkhi where there was between 12 and 20 Czechoslovak experts. According to contract no. 4513315 it was agreed upon that Czechoslovakia would between the years 1971 and 1972 send experts to Pul-i-Charkhi to train military and technical personal. It is interesting that all expenses were paid for by Afghanistan and in the event that the Czechoslovak's envoy to Afghanistan exceeded nine months, the travel expenses were also covered by Afghanistan.16 The Czechoslovak's average working hours were 42 hours over five working days in a week and were granted holidays on the days that are observed as national holidays in Czechoslovakia. Furthermore they were entitled to a 35-day holiday with an additional five days solely for travel purposes.17
Czechoslovakia began to build military schools in Afghanistan in the early 1960s and by 1963 the number of Czechoslovak experts stationed in Afghanistan led to an unusual decision to establish an office of a military attaché there.18 Another fascinating exchange between the two countries was in 1984 through the construction of a Telecommunications building in Kabul for which 10 Afghani personnel were trained in Žiar to learn how to assemble aluminum constructions.19
Trolleybus Milli
In 1976, the population of Kabul hovered around 337,000 and the first trolleybus line (Figure 3) serviced the city was constructed between 1976 and 1979 by the Elektrizace železnic Praha, (a company which specialized in development, design, production and mounting of elements of overhead contact lines for railway, tram, and trolleybus transportation.) The line was operated by 25 blue and white trolleybuses that went between the Pamir cinema and Silo (Figure 4). The line was officially opened in February 1979.20 While the line was being constructed, the workers had to overcome many obstacles that were not at first necessarily evident. For example, there was plenty of high level of ground water so when holes were being dug for posts, they had to be specially reinforced with steel poles.21
By March 1988, 86 more trolleybuses type 9TrH23 were added resulting the operation of between 55 and 60 trolleybuses during peak hour. Witnesses claim that the management of the trolleybuses in 1988 was in rather bad condition and even resorted to some quite comical solution to problems that the overhead cables presented:
At some of the crossings the trolleybuses passed in following way: a trolleybus would slow down, small children would climb aboard, skillfully pull down the trolley poles, the bus would carry through the crossing due to momentum, the children would reconnect the poles to the lines and the bus could continue on its way. The children were, of course, compensated with a few coins.22
Another funny sight was when the trolleybus was passing through the city market. The contact line lead directly above heads of salespeople and their customers while the street for trolleybuses along the market side.This strained the contact poles excessively. After a discussion with Czech experts the Afghan side concluded, that demounting the line and moving it above the street seemed better. It is not known if it actually happened.23
The whole line was about 12.5km long which consisted of three separate lines so the passengers were forced to transfer, each time paying a new fare. The forced purchase of multiple fares was mainly to pay for the high electrical fees.24 Even with the forced multiple payment, this mode of transportation was still the cheapest option, and therefore the trolleybuses were always overcrowded. Private bus companies had to compete with this new booming industry and so they always provided buses that closely followed the overcrowded trolleybuses as a fallback option for the passengers, of course for a fee five-times that of the public trolleybus. Unlike the trolleybus system in Czechoslovakia, the lines were not distinguished with number but rather with an indication of the direction of the line.25
During the war against the Soviets, bombs were often detonated within the trolleybuses, however, the author of the article Troleybuses in Afghanistan believes that even if the war had not affected the operation of the trolleybuses that the local management office of the trolleybuses would not be able to maintain the services without Czechoslovak supervision because the transition between camel transportation and trolleybuses happened too quickly. Sadly, the trolleybus operation system only lasted between 8-9 years and unfortunately Kabul is one of examples when former great trolleybus promoters become their merciless destroyers. Pictures of trolleybuses after only 8 to 9 years of their running clearly illustrate the local situation.
Until today it is incredibly difficult to obtain reliable information on the situation in Afghanistan, however, it can be inferred from latest reports that trolleybuses do not service the city since 1992 when the Northern and Old parts of Kabul were bombed. The Czechoslovak steel poles can sometimes be spotted, sometimes even with remnant of the overhead cables. The author of the article Troleybuses in Afghanistan speculates that much of the cables were taken and used as ammunition for arms.26
Babrak Karmal Exile in Czechoslovakia
While the aforementioned military and technical aid can be considered unique and in no respect ordinary, the most interesting and intriguing aspect of Czechoslovak— Afghani relations are embodied by none other than Babrak Karmal. What is most interesting is that I was able to find information on this exile through a local Slovak newspaper even though no official documents appear to exist. All the documents that are available on this matter have been compiled by Ing. Richard Kafka on the official website of Sklené Teplice, the town in which Karmal was exiled.
From the year 1979, Karmal was relocated to Sklené Teplice, in preparation to become the new communist leader of Afghanistan. While he resided in a "Night Sanatorium" other residents and workers had no clue about his true identity. There are almost no photos from that time and Karmal's identity was kept strictly anonymous, however, as Ing. Kafka demonstrates, photographs from M. Branickej would suggest a different reality.27 As seen in figure 5. there is a clear awareness of Karmal's importance as he is welcomed by the workers of ZSNP Závody Slovenského národného povstania (Factory of the Slovak National Uprising) as well as the administration of the municipal committee of Žiar nad Hronom.
Karmal and his family were concealed on the third floor of the building, however, his daughters Anahita (17) and Uida (19) and son Kava (15) roamed around the building freely, often interacting with patients. Soon it was even possible to converse nicely with Kava nicely in Slovak and he often played football with the locals.28 It was not until the end of the year when the locals were watching the news that was reporting on the inauguration of the new president of Afghanistan: none other than their favorite visitor Babrak Karmal. Kafka speculates that when the incumbent president Hafizullah Amin the "Great Communist Leader" invited Soviet troops in a movement masked as "comradely help" or international assistance that Kamral was concealed within these tanks. Unsurprisingly, the media never reported these tanks that were supposedly coming to a comrade's "assistance" nor did they inform them that President Amin himself was shortly after the "aids" arrival executed.29 Karmal became the President of Afghanistan on 27th December 1979 as well as the secretary general of the communist party Parčam, chairman of the revolutionary council, prime minister and commander in chief. This maneuver allowed the USSR to justify the occupation of Afghanistan and the employment of 11500 soldiers equipped with the most modern arms, uniform and air force support.30
Karmal departed for the USSR in 1986 where he was treated for some illness, but succumbed to it and died in 1996 at the age of 67. Whatever subsequent events transpired between Afghanistan and the USSR, the prelude that happened in the little spa town of Sklené Teplice, cannot be overlooked and if possible, should be urged to be investigated more thoroughly in order to obtain any further knowledge on the history of Afghanistan and the Czechoslovak—Afghani relations.
Current Engagements
In the more recent years, many Czech soldiers have been dispatched to Afghanistan as part of NATO, many of whom are stationed at the field unit no. 11. According to statistics provided by the Czech Ministry of Defense, by 5th December 2002, 3634 patients were treated out of which 307 were ISAF soldiers, 225 Czech soldiers, 1603 patients at the hospital at the base, 1197 patients were treated in field hospitals while on a mission, 108 in other locations and 394 at the dental clinic. While the operating rooms may appear similar to the ones that Czech people might be acquainted with, the main surgeon actually said that while that may be true, the types of surgeries that are performed are radically different.
For example, mainly the doctors are faced with untreated gunshot wounds, festering bone infections or improperly healed bones resulting in deformations.31 The chief doctor on site said that, "we are one team and everybody has his/her own task and in fact we all contribute to the patient's treatment. We are happiest to see clear improvement in a patient's condition regardless who the patient is."32 This difference in condition is an example of a transfer of intangible knowledge. The doctor claimed that there is a clear shortage of "golden Czech hands" meaning that the medical team cannot stop working for even one day.
Between the years of 2010-2017, the Czech Republic listed Afghanistan as priority recipient of international aid, designated for developing countries, for economic and social development, assigning it under the category of "countries of priority with a program of co-operation.33 The Czech Republic has identified agriculture, water and sanitation, and education as the priorities. Furthermore, support for Afghani institutions, reintegration of refugees, women's rights and the drug awareness programs are some of the other plans that are being considered.
During the early 1970s a sum of $20 million dollars was designated for the expansion and construction of facilities, however, this sum was later increased to $50 million, with which, Afghanistan also bought 12 L-39 Albatros aircrafts.34 These aircrafts's use promptly changed after the Soviet invasion on 1979 when they were used to bombard the mujahideen.35 Today the aid being given is radically different. In 2011 the aid was 6mil. Kč ( 300000 USD), 2013 21mil Kč (1.05 mil USD), and 24mil Kč in 2014 (1.08mil USD) and 2015 (960000 USD).36 The increase in aid is directly a result of the successful realization of projects that corresponded to the immanent needs of Afghanistan as identified by the Czech government.
The symbolic peak of friendship between the two countries was King Mohammed Zahir Shah's visit to Czechoslovakia in 1970. Over 6 275 soldiers have been deployed to Afghanistan between the years 1990 and the present, and over a third of the 2500 who were deployed to Logar province between 03.2008 – 7.2013 as part of the NATO-led ISAF operation served multiple times.37 The strong presence of Czechoslovakia/Czech Republic in Afghanistan was mostly under the influence of the Soviet totalitarian dictatorship. The Czech presence, whether coerced by Soviet trade policy or developed as a way for supposed easy money via the transfer of engineering projects, never seemingly fulfilled the reasons for being there. In recent decades Czech nation has had a different mission by participating in the reconstruction of Afghanistan via the NATO alliance (Czech Republic became a member in 1999). I have no doubts that Czechs there are sincerely trying to help to improve living conditions of people in Afghanistan. The need for their continued presence in what is today largely a failed state is a part of another and more complex question.
Marek, Dějiny Afghánistánu, 328
ibid
ibid 329
MZV, Československo a země jižní a jihovýchodní Asie v letech 1945–1989,
Vyhlídal, thesis, 2
Here after (VA AZ)
ibid 10
SA AČR Olomouc, VA AZ, Kontrakt č.slo 45133. Překlad do češtiny , karton 426
Vyhlídal, thesis, 68
MZV, Československo a země jižní a jihovýchodní Asie v letech 1945–1989, 3
Kafka, Afgánsky prezident v Sklených Tepliciach
Společnost pro veřejnou dopravu (Public Transportation Society), Trolejbusy v Kábulu,
Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces of the Czech Republic, Afghánská zima.
Velvyslanectví České republiky v Kabulu, Česká rozvojová pomoc v Afghánistánu
Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces of the Czech Republic, History of Czech Military Participation in Operations Abroad (1990 – 2016)
Českoslovenké ministerstvo zahraničních věcí. Československo a země jižní a jihovýchodní Asie v letech 1945–1989. Zkrácená verze vědeckého projektu MZV RM 08/02/08. http://www.mzv.cz/file/506918/rm_08_02_08_shrnuti_20.pdf
Kafka, Richard. "Afgánsky prezident v Sklených Tepliciach." Sklené Teplice. Accessed 9.12.2016. http://www.sklene-teplice.sk/afgansky-prezident-v-sklenych-tepliciach.phtml?id3=109640&module_action__298040__id_art=23589#m_298040
Marek, Jan. Dějiny Afghánistánu. Praha : Nakladatelství Lidové noviny, 2006.
Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces of the Czech Republic, Afghánská zima. Accessed 13.12.2016. http://www.army.cz/scripts/detail.php?id=1729
Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces of the Czech Republic, History of Czech Military Participation in Operations Abroad (1990 – 2016). Accessed 9.12.2016. http://www.army.cz/scripts/detail.php?id=5717
Novodvorská, Jana. "Hodnocení české zahraniční pomoci Afghánistánu." Dissertation, Masaryk University in Brno, 2008
Společnost pro veřejnou dopravu (Public Transportation Society), "Trolejbusy v Kábulu" Accessed 12.12.2016. http://www.spvd.cz/index.php/afghanistan
Velvyslanectví České republiky v Kabulu (Czech Embassy in Kabul), Česká rozvojová pomoc v Afghánistánu. Accessed 16.12.2016. http://www.mzv.cz/kabul/cz/vzajemne_vztahy/ceska_rozvojova_pomoc_v_afghanistanu/index.html
Vyhlídal, Milan. "Československá pomoc při výstabě vojenského školství v arabském světě v letech 1948-1989." Master's thesis, Masaryk University in Brno, 2010
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Sometimes great feral cars just come knocking on your virtual door and say "shoot me" or, maybe, "post me." Yes, it's that special day when gluttony is celebrated rather than reviled so we invite you feast on two early '50s sedans that were sitting ducks (or turduckens) for loyal FeralCars fans Amy Treco and Andrew Keeler. If you recall, Amy was our Halloween model/presenter. If you don't recall, click here to see what you missed. Andrew is constantly roaming, ahem, The Streets of San Francisco seeking out feral vehicular encounters. Today we give thanks to both for their service to the cause.
Amy sent in a stunning, rockabilly-style, lowered '54 Pontiac with add-on "dagmar" front bumper bullets, fender skirts, headlight half covers, de-chromed flanks and a "tuff" windshield visor. The last of these custom touches is the coolest accessory any juvenile delinquent type, loitering around a pool hall, trimming his cuticles with a switch blade, would lust after. '54 was, by the way, the last model year Pontiac — or any domestic car maker — offered a straight 8 (cylinders inline) motor. Displacement was 4.4 liters /268.2 cubic inches, around the same size as the motor powering today's BMW M5 but with 430 fewer horses on tap.
Andrew sent in this '49 Ford, a "fordor" model, still thrivin' 'n' jivin' in the land of Rice-A-Roni and sourdough. That mottled surface rust, coupled with contrasting fender skirts and red rimmed wheels, make this V8-powered (239 cubic inches/3.9 liters, 100 hp) rockin' Dearborn relic a thing of beauty, worthy of a doo wop song sung under a corner streetlight.
Does the front end remind you of anything? If your response was "airplane Studey," give yourself a gold star. The similarity to Studebaker's '50 – '51 "bullet nose" car is apparent and that's no coincidence. The Ford design has been attributed to Bob Bourke, Richard Caleal and Holden Koto, all of whom had been designers with Studebaker's styling unit, administered by Raymond Lowey. The three seemed to have done some moonlighting before they all — surprise! — ended up working for Ford.
We found an advert for Amy's Pon-Ton, the subtext of which is that size does, indeed, matter.
There's a stunning '54 Pontiac convertible you can buy for for a mere $93,000. Doesn't that make you want to check it out? Here you go.
Equal time for the '49 Ford. You have just a few days left to bid on this low mileage '49 Ford "tudor." It has only 51,000 miles on it which works out to fewer than 800 miles per year. Bid here now before it's too late!
If you, like Amy and Andrew, have stalked a feral car and would like to submit a photo of it for posting consideration please send it in: info (at) feralcars (dot)com OR through Feral Cars on Facebook.
This entry was posted in Ford, Pontiac, Studebaker on 11/28/2013 by feralcars.
The sight of an early 1950s Studebaker 2R pick-up truck barreling down the freeway is downright inspiring. This one more than held its own with the stream of traffic on the 101 south of San Jose and what a thrill it was to see a 60 year old vehicle still fulfilling the purpose for which it was constructed. At the risk of sounding a curmudgeonly note, let us assert that it's a safe bet that today's cushy pick-ups, packed with luxuries and electronics geegaws that have nothing to do with getting the basic job of hauling "stuff" done won't be up to the task come 2073.
We were sent a shot of another Studebaker truck of the same vintage recently, this one at rest. Its zaftig lines are most pleasing, don't you think? Still a looker even at an advanced age.
We found a completely "done" one of these in Charlotte, NC for about $20,000. Seems like a lot of coin but if it lasts another 60 years, you can amortized the cost and feel good about the investment. Check it out.
This entry was posted in Studebaker, Studebaker truck on 11/26/2013 by feralcars.
It's not common that a mid-60s muscle car is found in "as is" condition; most have been restored or customized to a fare-thee-well. This '69 Dodge Super Bee seems untouched for the most part. Based on the mid-size Coronet, the Super Bee was the Dodge boys' version of Plymouth's Road Runner but their cartoon mascot was generated in-house, rather than sourced from a TV cartoon character. It was an era when big motors were stuffed into light weight bodies as was the case with Pontiac's GTO. You could order one of these with the famous 426 cubic inch hemi V8 which offered 425 horsepower of tire shredding thrills.
By the early '70s, in the wake skyrocketing insurance and fuel costs, muscle cars were no longer in vogue and the original Super Bee became a victim of automotive colony collapse. But everything old is new again so Dodge recently re-introduced the Super Bee character on its current high performance iteration of the Charger.
Yeah, this one's got a hemi V8 but a four-door muscle car? Really?
We'd be remiss if we didn't point out that apian imagery was also used to market a car that could be perceived as the very opposite of Dodge's brawny stingers, both then and now. The Datsun B210 Honey Bee was introduced as a low price leader in 1975 but a muscle car it most certainly ain't. 80 horsepower from a 1.4 liter (85 cubic inches) motor doesn't equal blistering acceleration but performance, clearly, wasn't a priority. The car weighed a mere 2100 pounds, approximately half that of the current Super Bee, and Datsun claimed 41 mpg on the highway. We think that's pretty sweet.
As noted, the original Super Bee was a variant of the Dodge Coronet so here's a period commercial that appropriates Burt Bacharach's "Do You Know The Way To San Jose" as the backing track for the "Dodge Is Turning Up The Fever Now" theme. Yeah, baby!
This entry was posted in Datsun, Dodge, Uncategorized on 11/25/2013 by feralcars.
This is as close to an indestructible car as ever there was. It's a 1982 Mercedes Benz 300D, a stolid cruiser, built on the legendary W123 platform. The diesel motor is good for a million or more miles and the body, if minimally cared for, should last into the next century. Its proud owner is Viviane who has named it "Ms Evelyn." She has no qualms about driving it back and forth from deep in the heart of Texas to Northern California two, or more, times per year Ms Evelyn is as stock as possible; the original upholstery is intact, the snappy body color wheel covers and trim rings are clean as a whistle and that period-correct roof rack is nice utilitarian touch.
They made more than one!
Since these workhorses seem to last forever, it's likely there's one lurking right around the corner from you. We encountered Ms Evelyn in Las Vegas but this one, in a soothing shade of hellblau, was parked just steps away from FeralCars.com headquarters. And, as if to prove the point we're trying to make about their ubiquity and stamina, we snapped a shot of a dunkelblau example that zipped by just a second or two later.
These long-lasting MBZ diesels also come in a large economy size as with this 300 SD from the middle 1980s that was built on the S Class W126 platform. Note the biodiesel sticker in the back window. This goes a long way to explain why this dreadnaught exudes a nice aroma that brings to mind county fair fare found at you-name-it-we'll-fry-it stands that warrant an extra dose of Lipitor®.
Diesels are, typically, harder to start when it's cold but this video of a 300 SD starting without problem on a 16ºF (-7ºC) morning after standing all night sounds a clattering note of reassurance.
This entry was posted in Mercedes Benz, Uncategorized and tagged Diesel on 11/23/2013 by feralcars.


Croatia is fast becoming a superstar for best value holidays. With a stunning coastline, unspoilt nature (including 8 national parks), and old harbour towns, it's a brilliant place for family holidays. Istria has close cultural ties with northern Italy, (but it's significantly cheaper). Istria has always been famous for its wine and fresh seafood, but thanks to the Italian influence, there's a lot of pasta, pizza, gelato. Most people in Istria speak English, so you can easily converse with the locals. There's so much to do for all kinds of families; laze on one of the beautiful beaches, take a ferry to the surrounding islands, go paragliding, or watch a film or concert at the huge Roman amphitheatre in Pula.
Sunny Beach is Bulgaria's prime beach resort destination. Rolling sand dunes, family-friendly restaurants, cafes and bars, and an 8km blue flag sandy beach, make this resort a great destination for family holidays. There are two awesome water parks for kids of all ages: Action Aqua Park and Aqua Paradise. While the kids enjoy the myriad swimming pools and water attractions, you can relax in a jacuzzi (or join in on the action). If you fancy a change from the water activities, Bulgaria is also a cycling and horse riding paradise, with plenty of other land-based attractions.
With over 200 kilometres of Mediterranean coastline, mild weather, and a range of excellent campsites and resorts, the Costa Blanca is a stunning destination for best value holidays. If you're dreaming of staying in a warm Mediterranean town with a beautiful marina and great beaches, Alicante in the Costa Blanca region might be the destination for you. With its wonderful year-round climate, stunning beaches, great infrastructure, awesome water parks, and entertaining activities, it's naturally become one of the most popular destinations for family holidays.
If warmer weather, a healthy Mediterranean diet, beautiful, relaxing scenery, and a value for money destination sounds like your idea of paradise, then you'll love the Costa Blanca. If you value sunshine and endless entertainment over everything else, book a stay at Marjal Costa Blanca Camping & Resort. Contact us today to make your reservation.


I need to face it; I have a large yarn stash. I think all knitters do, really.
Lately, for inspiration, I've diving through my stash to get ideas. It's been a good exercise to find things that I had initially forgot about, really. I tend to grab yarn from same bin right beside my spot on the couch. Going through my yarn stash has forced me to take inventory of what I actually do have.
Here three things I've learned about my stash collecting habits from the past few days.
I have a lot of yellow yarn. And I'm not even a fan of the color yellow. I mean, I like it, but it's not my first choice in color selection. No matter how I obtained it, I don't tend to use it often, so I have a lot of it. Yellow everywhere! I'm starting to use it now for chemo hats, as it a bright and cheery color and some people do like it.
I have a lot of mystery weight yarn. A lot of what I have doesn't have labels on it. That means I'm going to have to get my inch measuring tool out and figure it out. Or, I can just knit a scarf on whatever the heck needles I want with it. There. Problem solved.
I have a lot of cool odds and ends of yarn. I think this another concept other knitters can relate to when it comes to their stash. We tend to keep pretty bits of a ball of yarn that we can't bear not to use. But, what will we use it for? I have small balls of chunky wool yarn that I want to integrate into a project, but I'm still figuring out how. I'll think of something.
That's what I've learned from diving though my stash of yarn. It's been a pretty interesting learning experience. I've used up quite a bit of weird stuff already, and it been fun, actually. Duh! I need to keep doing this.


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Towards understanding the effects of interviewer training in evaluating the cognitive interview
Amina Memon*, Angela Holley, Rebecca Milne, Guenter Koehnken, Ray Bull
The effectiveness of the cognitive interview (CI) technique has been demonstrated in experimental studies of eyewitness memory conducted in the USA, Germany, and the UK. Much of the research, however, has used college students as interviewers rather than professionals who regularly interview witnesses (e.g. police officers). The aim of this research was to examine the effects of such CI training using experienced police officers with established interviewing styles. An armed robbery was staged and information was elicited in witness interviews. The CI did not significantly increase correct recall but tended to produce more suppositions and errors. A qualitative analysis of interviewer behaviour showed that many officers had difficulty in applying the new cognitive techniques and in avoiding the use of closed and leading questions. The paper addresses two issues: first, that of training experienced police officers who have received relatively little prior training in investigative interviewing, and second, the extent to which we can generalize from the laboratory data elicited in previous studies of CI.
Applied Cognitive Psychology
https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.2350080704
10.1002/acp.2350080704
Dive into the research topics of 'Towards understanding the effects of interviewer training in evaluating the cognitive interview'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Epidemiologic Effect Modifiers Medicine & Life Sciences 100%
Interviews Medicine & Life Sciences 45%
Police Arts & Humanities 37%
interview Social Sciences 29%
police officer Social Sciences 25%
Interviewing Arts & Humanities 24%
Witness Arts & Humanities 18%
witness Social Sciences 16%
Memon, A., Holley, A., Milne, R., Koehnken, G., & Bull, R. (1994). Towards understanding the effects of interviewer training in evaluating the cognitive interview. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 8(7), 641-659. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.2350080704
Memon, Amina ; Holley, Angela ; Milne, Rebecca ; Koehnken, Guenter ; Bull, Ray. / Towards understanding the effects of interviewer training in evaluating the cognitive interview. In: Applied Cognitive Psychology. 1994 ; Vol. 8, No. 7. pp. 641-659.
@article{237e50ffd8e742abb314c3c9b157cd60,
title = "Towards understanding the effects of interviewer training in evaluating the cognitive interview",
abstract = "The effectiveness of the cognitive interview (CI) technique has been demonstrated in experimental studies of eyewitness memory conducted in the USA, Germany, and the UK. Much of the research, however, has used college students as interviewers rather than professionals who regularly interview witnesses (e.g. police officers). The aim of this research was to examine the effects of such CI training using experienced police officers with established interviewing styles. An armed robbery was staged and information was elicited in witness interviews. The CI did not significantly increase correct recall but tended to produce more suppositions and errors. A qualitative analysis of interviewer behaviour showed that many officers had difficulty in applying the new cognitive techniques and in avoiding the use of closed and leading questions. The paper addresses two issues: first, that of training experienced police officers who have received relatively little prior training in investigative interviewing, and second, the extent to which we can generalize from the laboratory data elicited in previous studies of CI.",
author = "Amina Memon and Angela Holley and Rebecca Milne and Guenter Koehnken and Ray Bull",
doi = "10.1002/acp.2350080704",
journal = "Applied Cognitive Psychology",
Memon, A, Holley, A, Milne, R, Koehnken, G & Bull, R 1994, 'Towards understanding the effects of interviewer training in evaluating the cognitive interview', Applied Cognitive Psychology, vol. 8, no. 7, pp. 641-659. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.2350080704
Towards understanding the effects of interviewer training in evaluating the cognitive interview. / Memon, Amina; Holley, Angela; Milne, Rebecca; Koehnken, Guenter; Bull, Ray.
In: Applied Cognitive Psychology, Vol. 8, No. 7, 01.12.1994, p. 641-659.
T1 - Towards understanding the effects of interviewer training in evaluating the cognitive interview
AU - Memon, Amina
AU - Holley, Angela
AU - Milne, Rebecca
AU - Koehnken, Guenter
AU - Bull, Ray
N2 - The effectiveness of the cognitive interview (CI) technique has been demonstrated in experimental studies of eyewitness memory conducted in the USA, Germany, and the UK. Much of the research, however, has used college students as interviewers rather than professionals who regularly interview witnesses (e.g. police officers). The aim of this research was to examine the effects of such CI training using experienced police officers with established interviewing styles. An armed robbery was staged and information was elicited in witness interviews. The CI did not significantly increase correct recall but tended to produce more suppositions and errors. A qualitative analysis of interviewer behaviour showed that many officers had difficulty in applying the new cognitive techniques and in avoiding the use of closed and leading questions. The paper addresses two issues: first, that of training experienced police officers who have received relatively little prior training in investigative interviewing, and second, the extent to which we can generalize from the laboratory data elicited in previous studies of CI.
AB - The effectiveness of the cognitive interview (CI) technique has been demonstrated in experimental studies of eyewitness memory conducted in the USA, Germany, and the UK. Much of the research, however, has used college students as interviewers rather than professionals who regularly interview witnesses (e.g. police officers). The aim of this research was to examine the effects of such CI training using experienced police officers with established interviewing styles. An armed robbery was staged and information was elicited in witness interviews. The CI did not significantly increase correct recall but tended to produce more suppositions and errors. A qualitative analysis of interviewer behaviour showed that many officers had difficulty in applying the new cognitive techniques and in avoiding the use of closed and leading questions. The paper addresses two issues: first, that of training experienced police officers who have received relatively little prior training in investigative interviewing, and second, the extent to which we can generalize from the laboratory data elicited in previous studies of CI.
U2 - 10.1002/acp.2350080704
DO - 10.1002/acp.2350080704
JO - Applied Cognitive Psychology
JF - Applied Cognitive Psychology
Memon A, Holley A, Milne R, Koehnken G, Bull R. Towards understanding the effects of interviewer training in evaluating the cognitive interview. Applied Cognitive Psychology. 1994 Dec 1;8(7):641-659. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.2350080704

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Miriam Alster/FLASH90
Palestinian terrorist Yassin Abu al-Qar'a, who is eligible for a terror salary.
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A Well-Written Sample Research Paper About LGBT Community
The acronym LGBT has been in recent news in various countries across the world. The place and media varied but the news were similar - hatred, slander, attacks and violence against them. The LGBT population makes up for a considerable amount of the world population. Estimation was put forward at 10% of the world population but this seems incorrect. Whatever be their number, the reason for their being in news is the concern of this report.
The origin of the term
The term LGBT was coined in the eighties. It started getting worldwide acceptance only in the nineties. Interestingly, the acronym LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) became a term for 'non heterosexual' people. Several other terms like homosexual, homophile, gay and sexual minority were coined but none of them gained more acceptances.
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text:
import * as scrawl from '../source/scrawl.js'

import { reportSpeed } from './utilities.js';

// #### Scene setup
let canvas = scrawl.library.artefact.mycanvas;

scrawl.library.group[canvas.base.name].set({

    order: 1,
})

// Create draggable entitys which will act as the areas in which particles will be generated by the Emitter entitys
let dragItems = scrawl.makeGroup({

    name: 'my-drag-items',
    host: canvas.base.name,
    order: 0,
});

scrawl.makePhrase({

    name: 'hello',
    group: 'my-drag-items',

    text: 'HELLO!',

    font: 'bold 100px sans-serif',
    lineHeight: 0.8,

    startX: 70,
    startY: 200,

    handleX: 20,
    handleY: 20,

    roll: -30,
    scale: 1.1,

    fillStyle: 'aliceblue',
    method: 'fillThenDraw',

});

scrawl.makeShape({

    name: 'myshape',
    group: 'my-drag-items',

    pathDefinition: 'M266.2,703.1 h-178 L375.1,990 l287-286.9 H481.9 C507.4,365,683.4,91.9,911.8,25.5 877,15.4,840.9,10,803.9,10 525.1,10,295.5,313.4,266.2,703.1 z',

    start: [400, 300],
    handle: ['center', 'center'],

    scale: 0.2,
    roll: -90,
    flipUpend: true,
    scaleOutline: false,

    fillStyle: 'aliceblue',
    method: 'fillThenDraw',
});

// #### Particle physics animation scene

// Create a World object which we can then assign to the particle emitter
let myWorld = scrawl.makeWorld({

    name: 'demo-world',
    tickMultiplier: 2,
});

// Create the particle Emitter entity
scrawl.makeEmitter({

    name: 'emitter-one',
    world: myWorld,

    generationRate: 60,
    killAfterTime: 5,

    rangeZ: 0.3,
    rangeFromZ: 0.1,

    // We tell the Emitter to generated its Particles randomly, with initial start coordinates constrained to within the area defined by another artefact - we can set the `generateInArea` attribute by the artefact's name String, or the artefact object itself.
    generateInArea: 'hello',

    // This is the entity the Emitter will be stamping
    artefact: scrawl.makeWheel({

        name: 'particle-wheel-entity',

        radius: 12,

        handle: ['center', 'center'],

        globalCompositeOperation: 'source-atop',

        fillStyle: 'blue',
        strokeStyle: 'white',
        method: 'fillThenDraw',
        visibility: false,

        noUserInteraction: true,
        noPositionDependencies: true,
        noFilters: true,
        noDeltaUpdates: true,
    }),

    stampAction: function (artefact, particle, host) {

        let history = particle.history,
            remaining, globalAlpha, scale, start, z, roll;

        history.forEach((p, index) => {

            [remaining, z, ...start] = p;

            globalAlpha = remaining / 6;
            scale = 1 + (z / 3);

            if (globalAlpha > 0 && scale > 0) {

                roll = globalAlpha * 720;
                artefact.simpleStamp(host, {start, scale, globalAlpha, roll});
            }
        });
    },

// Test that we can clone the Emitter entity
}).clone({

    name: 'emitter-two',
    generateInArea: 'myshape',

    artefact: scrawl.makeBlock({

        name: 'particle-block-entity',

        width: 20,
        height: 20,

        handle: ['center', 'center'],

        fillStyle: 'red',
        method: 'fillThenDraw',
        visibility: false,

        globalCompositeOperation: 'source-atop',

        noUserInteraction: true,
        noPositionDependencies: true,
        noFilters: true,
        noDeltaUpdates: true,
    }),
});

// #### Scene animation
// Function to display frames-per-second data, and other information relevant to the demo
const particlenames = scrawl.library.particlenames,
    particle = scrawl.library.particle;

const report = reportSpeed('#reportmessage', function () {

    // ParticleHistory arrays are not saved in the Scrawl-canvas library; instead we need to count them in each particle
    let historyCount = 0;
    particlenames.forEach(n => {

        let p = particle[n];
        if (p) historyCount += p.history.length;
    });

    return `    Particles: ${particlenames.length}
    Stamps per display: ${historyCount}`;
});

// Create the Display cycle animation
scrawl.makeRender({

    name: 'demo-animation',
    target: canvas,
    afterShow: report,
});

// #### User interaction
scrawl.makeDragZone({

    zone: canvas,
    collisionGroup: dragItems,
    endOn: ['up', 'leave'],
    exposeCurrentArtefact: true,
    preventTouchDefaultWhenDragging: true,
});

// #### Development and testing
console.log(scrawl.library);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Degustabox is a subscription box that sends out a variety of shelf-stable food items, some which are new to the market. You won't always be able to find these items in stores yet!
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LIMITED TIME DEAL: Use coupon code MSABONUS2017 to get your first month of Degustabox for only $9.99. (Regularly $19.99). Your first month will also include a free gift!
Ships to: Continental United States. To order to the mainland UK, check out their Great Britain website.
Good to know: You can earn points by reviewing the products you receive or by referring a friend. Points are redeemable for a complimentary box.
Check out all of our Degustabox reviews and the Food Subscription Box Directory!
You'll always find an info sheet in your Degustabox, detailing all of the items they've included and their retail price.
The content on the back changes from month to month, and this time there's a contest to design the background for a 2018 flyer. You could win a free box!
I like caramel as a component to a sweet treat, but caramels on their own are usually a bit too sweet for me. These are individually wrapped and incredibly soft. So soft that they literally melt in your mouth. Out of the three possible varieties, I received the chocolate swirl which was pretty faint and balanced out the caramel flavor. Only one of these at a time for me!
You had me at "Pure Butter", Walkers. Shortbread cookies are delicious. Shortbread cookies shaped like Scottie dogs are delicious AND cute. These come in a tray to cut down on the crumble action, although some Scotties still didn't make it intact. That's ok, they still tasted buttery and wonderful. Perfect with a spot of tea.
They've included a coupon as well for 75 cents off.
No sooner did I think to myself "What is Panettone?" than the side of the box begged the same question, though ultimately unanswered. Their whole tagline is "Hard to describe, easy to love". That sounds a lot like me! I KID. But real talk, this is an Italian-style sweet bread with chunks of dried fruit in it that seems to gain popularity around the holidays. Is it a fruitcake? I don't think so, but it has a similar vibe. I am not a huge fan of dried fruit in bread (even though I love muffins, go figure), but this stayed super moist and my Dad was all about it with his morning coffee when he came to visit last week.
Are there people who get mad about receiving jerky in the mail? There can't be, right? Straight away, this turkey jerky has really slick packaging, so my interest is piqued. On the back, they like to poke fun at the artisanal hipster crowd and close by saying "real men don't have buns". Okay, Country Archer, I get it, but men come in all different hair lengths and if someone wants to wear their hair in a bun, I'm not going to shame them for it. Let's all just chill out. The flavor is hickory smoked, which is undeniably good, has a bit of a spice to it, and also a touch of sweetness. It's a bit on the drier end of the moisture scale (which is not necessarily a bad thing) and comes in smaller, fibrous chunks. The package is right about one thing: this was consumed in 10 minutes.
Even if the box didn't have the "150 years of tradition" seal on the front, I'd trust this seasoning based on the illustration alone. You can tell it's been around for ages, and nothing terrible would last that long, right? This comes just in time for Thanksgiving with a recipe for stuffing on the back. The seasoning smells amazing, so I can only imagine how good it will taste. I'll be packing this up to go to Ohio with me for the holidays.
These are flour tortillas. Tacos go into these, sometimes of the breakfast variety. Need I say more? Clearly, I am into receiving these gorgeous food containers in any form because I have never met a taco I didn't like. Tortillas are a staple in my kitchen and will always be welcomed into my home. These are on the larger size, so they can also be quesadilla'd for a quick snack.
It is soup season in Pittsburgh which means this large carton of chicken broth came at a great time. Have I ever made soup from scratch before? No. Will I try now because I have access to this all natural Spanish chicken broth? Yes. The info sheet mentions you can also use this with risotto (yum) and stews (double yum). The best part is that there are no gross GMOs, preservatives, or other nasty ingredients in here.
THANK YOU, SALSA GODS. I'm usually blathering on about Goya when I review Degustabox, so it should come as no surprise that I am in love with this Pico de Gallo. I could probably drink it straight from the bottle, but to be civilized, I ate it for lunch with tortilla chips instead. It's not too oniony, not too spicy, and has a great flavor. I usually prefer a thin "restaurant style" salsa, but this chunky stuff does the trick. My diet is largely made up of Mexican food, so this fits nicely into my routine. I'll be keeping my eye out for this at the grocery store next time.
If there is one thing Degustabox seems to love, it's BBQ sauce. Maybe I'm wrong, but it seems like every other month I am getting some in a different form. I'm not mad though! Here, they've included a free sample of a brand called Rufus Teague that I'm not familiar with. This particular flavor is "a touch 'o heat", so I'm expecting a bit of a kick. It pretty much tastes exactly how I imagined, but a bit more tomato-y.
Goodness. Why has it taken so long for this candy bar to exist? Milka is a fancy European Chocolate brand, and at first bite with this candy bar, you can see why. The milk chocolate is sooooo smooth and creamy, only to be further elevated by the classic Oreo cream filling and cookie crumbs throughout. My sweet tooth isn't what it used to be, so I have to take it slow with this one, but believe me when I tell you that I savor each encounter that the two of us have.
I can be a bit of a snob with coffee these days. I prefer fruity African beans that I ground fresh, prepare in a pour-over, and would never ruin with cream or sugar. On the opposite end of that, I sometimes treat myself to a Vietnamese coffee that's made with sweetened condensed milk. This instant café con leche falls into the latter category, and boy oh boy is it tasty. I would normally never go for instant coffee, but when you mix it with powdered milk, it's a different ballgame. This is a cozy treat for the winter days to come! Side note: this would be incredible with a splash of Frangelico.
Arteasan Yerba Mate Tea in Peach Rosemary, 14 oz. – Retail Value $1.99?
I couldn't find this online for sale and it also wasn't included on the info sheet, so I'm taking a guess at the price and assume it's super new. I was excited to see this in the box because I enjoy iced tea, as well as peach and rosemary flavors. I took a big sip of it and liked it at first, but then the aftertaste set in. Gasp. The dreaded "fake sugar" taste that I can't handle in bottled drinks. I checked the label to find that this has stevia extract. Ugh. I am not a fan. You almost had me, Arteasan!
Verdict: Degustabox continues to reign supreme in my book of food boxes. They have a mix of sweets n savories, along with new and classic brands. My Mom has been pestering me for one of these, so for the holidays, I think I'm going to get her a subscription. She loves food more than I do (if you can believe it) and I know she'll love unboxing this every month. I received 11 items worth over $35 retail for $19.99.
If you sign up before the 19th you should receive your box by the 5th of the following month.
If you sign up between the 19th and 25th, you should receive your box by the 10th of the following month.
If you sign up between the 26th and the last day of the month, you should receive your box by the 15th of the following month.
This applies to the first box only. From the second month you will receive your box at the beginning of the month.
Coupon: Use code MSABONUS2017 to get your first month of Degustabox for only $9.99. (Regularly $19.99). Your first month will also include a free gift!
Value Breakdown: At $19.99 for this box, I got about 11 items which prices them at under $2 per item.
What is your favorite item from Degustabox this month?
How do subscribers rate Degustabox USA?
Do you subscribe to Degustabox USA? Add your rating now!
It's my first box this past Monday n loved the odd items. Esp the beet chips. But what is the review process yall mentioned?? I know nothing about reviewing items nor earning a free box. Also I thought boxes were $10/ month but someone said $20 few min ago. Thanks for any help or recommendations.
This box is a hit or miss for me and I've been subscribing for almost a year now. Each month I'll say to myself that it'll be the last and then that will be the box I like, followed by one I don't. I was fairly impartial to this one (I love the cookies, hate the Panettone but everything else was usable). I got the broth but not the tea.
I was shocked when I did the review for it (the sub asks for feedback and you get points toward a free box for doing that) that they expected that broth to sell for $6.99 or MORE for one box. I love organic as much as the next person but holy crap. Even at Whole Foods they have broth for cheaper. I feel bad for the people who got the tea instead of the broth, since they seem to have wildly disparate values.
And while I don't mind jerky and thought the flavor was good, holy crap was the bag I got tougher than a middle school vice principal!
I am also vegetarian. Are you a new subscriber? I've received Degustabox for about a year now and most months include at least one item I cannot eat. If that upsets you, you may want to look at previous reviews to determine if this sub is worth your while.
Your neighbors would think it's weird if you gave them food?!?! I'm so sorry…I give my extra tomatoes and peppers to my neighbors every summer. I always grow way too many. And one of my neighbors leaves fresh baked bread on our doorsteps regularly. I would think it was weird if my neighbors and I didn't share food!
I didn't get the broth either and got the tea instead and I LOVE iced tea and I didn't like it at all – very artificial tasting. My issue with the substitution is the value difference. The broth is $8.99 RV and the tea is $1.99 RV? They never send me any extras like I hear others talking about. I'm just trying to finish my 100 points for my free box (almost there) and I think I'm going to bid DegustaBox farewell. Unfortunately, the value just isn't there for me anymore.
I'm bummed I got the tea instead of the broth. We use chicken broth frequently and I hate tea. Oh well.
I was also frustrated that I got tea and not broth. I really take the time to write thorough reviews and give them what they want for what I want (a decent box.) I also missed the Pico de Gallo.
I know some people rave about this box, but I just don't see the value. I can spend $20.00 at a local store and get exactly what I need or want.
No broth here either…. and I don't believe I received a substitution although the list is long gone. Still a good sub box!
I didnt get the broth, I did get the tea, and also a package of Hippeas (vegan cheese puffs)as an extra-they werent listed on the sheet. I'm happy since I don't eat chicken!
I didn't recieve the broth either and I didn't get anything else.
Did you get the tea? CS service told me the tea was the alternate item to the broth. I can only assume MSA received both for review purposes.
I misread her name in the small print of my email oops!
I didn't receive the broth either, however, when I did my review it didn't come up as one of the items in my box. I must have received another item instead but I can't recall what that might have been.
I received the white cheddar hippies . Did you get that maybe ?
After reading this review, I wrote to Degustabox about my box missing the broth too. They told me they sent two versions of the box, one containing tea, the other containing the broth. I'm guessing they included both items in the box they sent for review, as Mame mentions above the info card in her box didn't list the tea. Kind of misleading.
I contacted customer service and they said there were two variations, some boxes included tea, the others included the broth. Apparently only Mame received both, probably for review purposes.
I am waiting to see if they make mine right. I did not get the bell seasoning in my box. I got the tea and the after taste was just NASTY. I have had issues with my 1st and 2nd box. So we will see they were supposed to send the seasoning and another surprise item for the mishap in the november box this month.


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Centre Point: Spring is in the air
In the next few weeks, you'll definitely find a show to see you through what's left of Old Man Winter.
Brian van Wensem
Feb. 28, 2016 2:00 p.m.
Ah, that special time of year between winter and spring. A sunny sky inspires dreams of being outdoors, frolicking in a warm breeze with the feel of grass between your toes. So you hop in the car, ignoring months of caked-on dirt and salt, and head out to that favourite spot. Reality awaits: the moment you set foot on the mushy ground and a blast of arctic air pierces your insufficient layers and leaves behind a dust cloud so thick you can taste it.
It's still the absolute best season to take advantage of Vernon's beautiful Performing Arts Centre – climate controlled and comfortable seating.
In the next few weeks, you'll definitely find something to see you through what's left of Old Man Winter.
Winners and Losers, Thursday at 7:30 p.m., is a play, complete with a director, stage manager, actors and a script. It's also a game that was invented by the two actors featured in the play, Marcus Youssef and James Long. With a little ad lib, debate, and full-on arguing thrown into the mix, it's a recipe for a fun and unique theatrical experience. The secret sauce to this brilliant show is keeping the audience guessing as to what is real and what is not.
Ballet Kelowna returns to the stage Saturday at 7:30 p.m. for its production of Boundless.
A heart rendering selection of music by Johnny Cash, choreography by Josh Beamish and a world premiere from former National Ballet of Canada dancer Matjash Mrozewski, this diverse program includes four distinct and inspiring pieces from a company that has reinvented itself under the direction of Simone Orlando.
The Okanagan Symphony Orchestra brings its production of Music of the Night to Vernon March 6 at 7 p.m. Featuring soprano Melina Moore and tenor Peter Karrie, this evening of music celebrates the extraordinary Broadway hits of Andrew Lloyd Webber and friends. Selections from Phantom of the Opera, Les Misérables and more are on the program.
Now in its 12th year, I Am Woman! Hear Me Laff! is one of the biggest comedy events of the year and a favourite "girls night out." March 8 at 7:30 p.m., the centre is your hilarity and laughter headquarters as comediennes Jen Grant, Michelle Shaughnessy, Amber Harper-Young and Jane Stanton take the stage for a hilarious night of standup comedy in honour of International Women's Day.
On March 9 at 7:30 p.m. Western Canada Theatre and Thousand Islands Playhouse bring their co-production of A Closer Walk With Patsy Cline to the Performing Arts Centre.
Actress Allison MacDonald leads a four-piece band to tell the story of this dazzling star lost at the peak of her career. Featuring all of your favourite Patsy Cline hits, A Closer Walk is more than just a tribute concert, it's a full play written by Dean Regan to preserve Cline's legacy.
The superconscious experience of Reveen is on stage at the Performing Arts Centre, March 11 at 7:30 p.m. Ty Reveen took over the legacy when his father, "The Great Reveen," retired from stage in 2011. High-speed memory games, light-hearted hypnotism and shaman-like showmanship go hand in hand with a profound respect for the audience, especially those who volunteer to come onstage and fall under Ty's hypnotic spell.
For tickets to all shows, call the Ticket Seller at 250-549-7469 or order online www.ticketseller.ca.
– Brian van Wensem is the audience development coordinator at the Vernon and District Performing Arts Centre.
Story unfolds in downtown Vernon for Family Literacy Week
The Way I See It: Accolades pour in for Tom Frame
Grindrod farm boy receives top honour
Vernon School District hired over 225 employees in 2021


text:
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Big telecom spent big bucks in FCC's AWS-3 auction
(slworking2/Flickr)
Written by Greg Otto
Jan 30, 2015 | FEDSCOOP
Familiar names sit atop a Federal Communications Commission list, released Friday, detailing how much telecom companies spent in its recent AWS-3 auction.
Three of the four big American wireless companies — AT&T, T-Mobile and Verizon — spent billions to procure spectrum that will help improve connectivity and appease customer demand for more data.
Dish Network also shelled out 11 figures, spending more than $10 billion through a number of entities. According to the Wall Street Journal, the satellite TV provider actually bid more than $13 billion, but it was given a discount due to some small business qualifications.
Overall, AT&T Inc. ($18.2 billion), Dish Network Corp. ($13.3 billion), Verizon Communications Inc. ($10.4 billion) and T-Mobile US Inc. ($1.8 billion) made up 97 percent of the nearly $45 billion that was collected through the auction.
Dish congratulated the FCC in a statement on its website, but it said it could not speak further about its intentions due to the FCC's anti-collusion rules. AT&T put out a statement Friday saying its purchase is a "near nationwide contiguous 10×10 MHz block" that will allow the company to cover 96 percent of the country's population.
"Growth in our customers' mobile data usage continues to explode, driven by mobile video traffic," John Stankey, AT&T's chief strategy officer, said. "This spectrum investment will be critical to AT&T staying ahead of customer demand and facilitate the next generation of mobile video entertainment."
The AWS-3 spectrum auction was authorized as part of the Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012. Part of the money raised by the auction will front the $7 billion price tag on FirstNet, a nationwide interoperable public safety network.
FCC Chairman Tom Wheeler praised the auction results in a statement Thursday.
"Improving consumer access to wireless broadband is a priority of mine, and has been a priority of the Commission over the past five years," Wheeler said. "Now, an additional 65 megahertz of spectrum is available to improve wireless connectivity across the country and accelerate the mobile revolution that is driving economic growth and improving the lives of the American people."
See the full list of spectrum bidders on the FCC's website.
-In this Story-
Agencies, AT&T, DISH, Federal Communications Commission, mobile and wireless, spectrum, T-Mobile, Tech, Verizon, Wireless Networks
USDS pilot to hire data...
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Little wins and big contribution
For the past three years, Christine Johnson has been volunteering at St Michael's Primary School, Nelson Bay to help Kindergarten children learn to read.
Brooke Robinson PUBLISHED May 23, 2020
Kindergarten teacher Lisa Henderson nominated Ms Johnson saying she has "never met a more selfless person than Christine".
"She turns up rain, hail or shine every week with a big smile on her face," Ms Henderson said.
Although Ms Johnson never had children who attended St Michael's, she offered her time to volunteer as she wanted to give back to her community.
"Affectionately known to the kids as 'Miss Chris', she sits in my classroom and reads one on one with the children and then takes a reading group and does different activities with them," Ms Henderson said.
"Miss Chris is so incredibly patient, kind and encouraging with the kids, for ages I actually thought she was a retired teacher, but she thought this was incredibly funny when I asked her and assured me she hadn't been."
Ms Johnson was inspired to become a volunteer through her love of reading. "I wanted to help children that were perhaps struggling in the early stages of learning," she said. "I volunteer in the hope that this small contribution might make a difference."
Her highlight of volunteering is seeing the children learn something new. "It could be they figure out how to read a big word, or their letter 's' is the right way around. It's a win-win feeling, no matter how small," Ms Johnson said.
It is not just on the children that Ms Johnson is having an impact. "Watching Miss Chris turn up every week over the past couple of years has really inspired me to be a better person," Ms Henderson said. "We are so lucky to have her."
Ms Henderson said Ms Johnson has a natural understanding of how children learn to read that has been an invaluable help over the years. "The children and staff at St Michael's benefit enormously from Miss Chris' contribution each week. The children look forward to her weekly visits and it is such a joy to see them engage in something they usually find tricky."
Ms Johnson said she feels "both embarrassed and honoured" to be recognised for her contribution. "Thank you St Michael's. It's wonderful to be shown such appreciation in this way."
Category Catholic Schools
Brooke Robinson
Brooke is Content Officer for the Communications Team in the Diocese of Maitland-Newcastle
Easy to do the maths on this nomination
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Lord I ask that You would anoint and appoint workers to create relevant, culturally sensitive Christ-centered radio and TV for the Unreached Peoples of The Americas and Caribbean. Aid them as they research the culture, and give them divine insight and inspiration in their presentation of the Gospel. I ask that You would bless them with brilliantly creative ideas to communicate Your truth, and that the Unreached Peoples of The Americas and Caribbean would be receptive to Your message. I ask Father that You would give the workers favor with people in the media business, and that You would bless them with all the resources, provision, and volunteers they need. Anoint these media presentations to break through the darkness and shine the light of Your truth to the Unreached Peoples of The Americas and Caribbean.


I wasn't sure until halfway through college, after studying abroad in Florence, Italy. When I returned, I took a studio course and the rest is history!
A big highlight was working on the $140-million renovation and expansion of Greater Columbus Convention Center from start to finish, a total of three and a half years of involvement.
I can hold my breath for a long time!
I really appreciate how Mancini provides encouragement and support for everyone's individual way of growth within the design industry.
My first computer was an old hand-me-down IBM PC with no operating system, just Command Prompt. I would spend time navigating and searching for games by entering commands.
What's the technology Mancini uses that most impresses clients?
We use Revit to explore new ways of improving how we generate contract documentation.
The computer mouse, if we're talking about computers. I also think the airplane is a great invention.


Jim Broadbent or Jodie Whittaker, but the dogs.
Director Ian Fitzgibbon has said he would never work with dogs again, but Brendan, who plays gangster Darren Perrier, hasn't been put off by the canines.
"I have a dog at home but I wouldn't consider them to be in the same league as these dogs I had to deal with – my dog has a personality with no ego because the tantrums that were happening, you just would not believe it," he joked.
"Storming off to their kennels and staying there until somebody arrived with some more chocolate treats. They got very tired one night – they were brilliant until half three in the morning and that was their cut-off point. They were great fun actually," Brendan continued.
Cillian, who plays small-time criminal Michael McCrea who goes on the run from Darren, added: "These dogs have a more impressive CV than me certainly because they've been in so many films and are really well-trained.
:: Perrier's Bounty is in cinemas now.


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Less than One Percent of MCPS Students Affected by Pertussis
As the numbers mount for victims of Missoula's community-wide pertussis outbreak, MCPS Superintendent Mark Thane said on Friday at less than one percent of all students in the district have been affected by the disease.
"We've been very diligent in collaborating with the Missoula City County Health Department, as well as trying to follow CDC (Centers for Disease Control) protocols in regards to the community outbreak of pertussis," said Thane. "That outbreak has touched five schools in MCPS presently and the protocols call for the screening of those individuals that are identified as close contacts with those who have had positive tests."
Thane said pertussis has affected several schools within the district.
"We're sitting right now with about 15 cases, maybe a little more than that than have been identified in the district," he said. "We've got our three urban high schools all with some cases, one middle school and one elementary school. I understand that it's present in other venues in the county, so we're as diligently as we can we're trying to identify close contacts and doing an initial screening."
Thane said despite the community-wide outbreak, he doesn't see any major disruptions in the district between now and the end of the school year.
"I don't anticipate that it will," he said. "The largest scale impact we have still is hitting less than one percent of the student body of any giver school, so it's not what I would term at epidemic proportion. It's certainly an outbreak and something that we would obviously like to stem as quickly as possible, so early detection and treatment is critical."
As of Saturday, NBC Montana reported that there have been 47 cases of pertussis reported in Missoula.
Filed Under: MCPS, Missoula City-County Health Department, pertussis


Business Evolution is pleased to announce that Director Sarah Coleman has been made Visiting Senior Fellow (Organizational Strategy and Business Growth) at the University of Lincoln, in recognition of her academic support to the Faculty of Business and Law.
Professor David Head, Dean of the Faculty of Business and Law at the University of Lincoln, said "The Faculty and the Lincolnshire Leadership and Management Centre (LLMC), which is located within it, are delighted that that the University has made Sarah Coleman a Visiting Senior Fellow. Visiting Senior Fellowships are intended to strengthen the University's links with key people in industry, commerce and the professions, and they are awarded only to those who are highly skilled and reputable practitioners in fields of work relevant to the University.
Sarah is an outstanding specialist in organizational strategy, business growth, and high-level business coaching, and the LLMC is looking forward to working closely with her to meet the development and growth needs of businesses and other organizations in our sub-region and beyond".
The University of Lincoln strongly supports local, regional and national organizations with the Lincolnshire Leadership & Management Centre. The LLMC provides conference and video conferencing facilities, as well as leadership & management and business growth programmes.
Sarah Coleman, Director of Business Evolution, said "I am delighted to be recognised in this way and I look forward to continuing to collaborate, and to build on my relationship, with Lincoln University and the LLMC".
Business Evolution is an East Midlands based independent consultancy working collaboratively with private companies and public services across the UK to develop capacity and capability for sustainable growth and performance improvement. Sarah Coleman is a twice-award winning business consultant and coach helping organizations achieve business growth.
Call us now and let us know how we can help you develop and grow your organization. Call us on 01636 893716 or e-mail us at growth@businessevolution.co. We look forward to hearing from you.


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1st LD: Oslo mosque shooting investigated as terror attack attempt: police
OSLO, Aug. 11 (Xinhua) -- The police were investigating the mosque shooting near Oslo on Saturday as an attempted terrorist attack, it was announced at a press conference on Sunday.
"The charged person has right-wing attitudes, and expressed support for Quisling," Rune Skjold from Oslo police said.
The shooting left one person injured. The gunman was arrested and was also said to have been injured.
The attack took place on the eve of the Eid al-Adha, a Muslim festival to be observed on Sunday when thousands of Muslims gather.
The suspect, a Norwegian young man, was said to have hailed several mass shootings abroad on a web forum, public broadcaster NRK reported Sunday.
His posts were published before the mosque attack which took place in Baerum, a municipality just west of Oslo on Saturday, the report said.
According to NRK, a person with the same name as the perpetrator published online posts saying that he was "selected by Saint Tarrant", a reference to Brenton Tarrant, who was behind the attack on two mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand on March 15, 2019.
In a drawing in the post, the user also mentioned a 19-year-old who allegedly killed one person and injured three others in an attack on a synagogue in San Diego, the U.S. in April this year, as well as Patrick Crusius, who was charged with shooting 22 people in El Paso, the U.S. earlier in August.
In a post published a few hours prior to the shooting in Baerum, the user signed with "Valhall is waiting". The post was accompanied by a picture showing what looks like a camouflage jacket, a mask, and a weapon.
On Saturday night a young woman was found dead by the police when searching the perpetrator's residence in Baerum. The woman was said to be the younger sister of the arrested young man, according to NRK.
A woman, who knows the family of the accused well and lives close to the location where the dead woman was found, described the accused as a "proper boy", who sometimes helped her with practical tasks, NRK reported.
Another person, who has known the accused and his family since own childhood, told NRK that the perpetrator was "very positive" when he was younger.
At the same time, several sources said that a death of a close family member a few years back probably affected the man a lot.
In a press release from the Oslo Police District, the police stated that the accused did not want to be questioned by the police.
The defendant's online activity is a topic for the investigation, the police confirmed. Enditem


Since the 1980s, college students have had the opportunity to live in community at the Episcopal Campus Ministry House on E. 19th just south of the University of Oregon.
Over the years, a wide variety of students have lived at ECM House.Students from many parts of Oregon, the United States and from around the world have lived there.The religious affiliation of students has not only included Episcopalians, but also Catholics and members of other denominations. Each year is a new adventure, where people from a variety of backgrounds learn to live together.
Remember that feeling of being sick as a kid and your mother bringing you chicken soup and how that soup made you feel better, not just because of the magical properties of chicken soup but because the simple act of being fed made you feel loved? If you were blessed with this care as a child you know the healing power of being fed when you're sick or in crisis.
The year was 1939 and England was preparing for war. I lived in Birmingham, England with my family. The beautiful park by our home had already been turned into an Army barracks with some pretty powerful large anti-aircraft guns.
During his sabbatical Bingham will be praying the Office of Morning Prayer every morning. A great way for the parish to support him and for all of us to walk with Bingham through his time of reflection and renewal is to join him by saying Morning Prayer ourselves. There are lots of ways to participate.
Our rector's sabbatical begins after the Ascension Day service on May 5th. Bingham+ will be gone for almost three months, returning the first week of August.