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12 Oct 2010 : Column 257W
Tueday 12 October 2010
Severn Bridges Tolls
Huw Irranca-Davies: To ask the Secretary of State for Transport if he will commission an independent review of the effects on the economy of Wales of the Severn Bridges tolls. [17089]
Mike Penning: The Welsh Affairs Committee and the Welsh Assembly Government are both undertaking reviews of the effects on the economy of Wales of the Severn Bridges' tolls. Both are due to report back with their findings next year. I will consider the findings of these reports and do not see a need for a further review at this time.
Communities and Local Government
Local Government: Pay
Annette Brooke: To ask the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government if he will take steps to moderate the level of local authority chief executive and senior officer (a) salaries and (b) early retirement payments; if he will place restrictions on such people taking new jobs at a senior level in the public sector within a specified period of taking early retirement; and if he will make a statement. [16332]
Robert Neill [holding answer 11 October 2010]: Decisions about the salaries of local authority chief executives and senior officers, and any early retirement payments which either fall within the appropriate pay negotiating machinery, or the appropriate regulatory framework are matters for each local authority employer to consider in the light of local circumstances. While the specific terms and conditions of current and future employment is a matter for the relevant local authority to consider, the Secretary of State has recently called for the most senior local government officers to take a voluntary reduction in pay and also stated that no new council chief executive should be paid more than the Prime Minister.
The Government's view is that there needs to be greater local democratic accountability and transparency over senior remuneration arrangements and policies within local government. In order to achieve this, the Government intend to bring forward proposals to ensure that councillors are better able to be held to account for their decisions on senior pay by providing them with the power to vote on their council's remuneration policies. On senior pay transparency, the Local Government Association (LGA) recently published draft guidance to support councils in publishing their senior salary information online. The guidance was published on 1 October and can be viewed and commented on at:
http://lgtransparency.readandcomment.com/
Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority Committee
Apex Communications
Mr Liddell-Grainger: To ask the hon. Member for Broxbourne, representing the Speaker's Committee for the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority, how much Apex Communications was paid for its work in establishing the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority; and what its remit was. [15732]
Mr Charles Walker: Apex Communications was paid £69,375 for work conducted over the period October 2009-July 2010. Apex was commissioned to provide a press office capability to deal with a high level of media interest and to organise activities. Apex then helped to establish and support IPSA's small in-house communications team. While the process of recruiting a director of communications was undertaken, it continued to provide practical help and strategic communication advice to IPSA through to July 2010.
Calyx (UK)
Mr Liddell-Grainger: To ask the hon. Member for Broxbourne, representing the Speaker's Committee for the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority, how many responses the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority received to the invitation to tender for which Calyx (UK) was shortlisted; what the criteria were for the contract; and what the specification was for the system. [15727]
Mr Charles Walker: In total three responses were received to the invitation to tender for the Enterprise Solution and three for the Infrastructure Solution.
The assessment criteria for the procurement exercise were:
Ability to provide a requirements compliance traceability document.
Ability to provide an executive summary including an overview of the solution and the associated perceived costs.
Ability to provide details of their organisation.
Ability to provide details of how their solution meets all functional and non functional requirements.
Ability to provide details of reference sites.
Ability to provide full details of the whole life cost including:
Software license capital costs
Technical architecture costs
Initial implementation costs
Annual costs associated with ongoing support
Suitable contingency plans detailed in the event of non-delivery.
Behaviours of the suppliers and cultural fit with IPSA.
Capability to deliver to required dates.
Creation of a web based access point for MPs and their staff.
Capability to publish data early and a flexible approach.
Outsourcing costs and implications.
Strong data security, both internal and nationally.
An architectural overview of the online expense system can be found on the following website:
http://www.systemsatwork.co.uk/download/content/PDF/expense@work%20Architectural%20Overview.pdf
GovGap
Mr Liddell-Grainger: To ask the hon. Member for Broxbourne, representing the Speaker's Committee for the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority, how many staff members have been supplied to the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority by Govgap since May 2010; and at what cost to the Authority. [15728]
Mr Charles Walker: Two temporary staff members were provided for a short period by GovGap. This was at a cost to IPSA of £22,036 excluding VAT.
Mr Liddell-Grainger: To ask the hon. Member for Broxbourne, representing the Speaker's Committee for the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority, how many people at each pay band there are in the policy unit of the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority. [15943]
Mr Charles Walker: There are four members of staff in the policy team in the following pay bands.
Pay bands (£) Persons
Senior civil service pay band 1
58,200-117,750
IPSA Grade E
IPSA Grade D
IPSA Grade C
Members: Allowances
Mr Liddell-Grainger: To ask the hon. Member for Broxbourne, representing the Speaker's Committee for the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority, pursuant to the answer to Question 14306, on changes to the rules and procedures of the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority, how many changes there have been to the rules and procedures implemented by the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority since its inception; and what the changes were which were made to the expenses scheme in July 2010. [15731]
Mr Charles Walker: As per the answer of 13 September 2010, Official Report, column 741W, a small number of changes to the MPs' Expenses Scheme were introduced in July 2010, following the consultation required by the Parliamentary Standards Act. The changes are detailed in "The MPs' Expenses Scheme: Second Edition", which has been made available to all MPs and is available on:
www.parliamentarystandards.org.uk
The changes are also detailed as follows:
MPs who own their own property, but are not claiming a mortgage interest subsidy, can now claim associated expenditure (e.g. bills).
MPs who are eligible for Accommodation Expenses can claim for journeys between any point in the constituency (or a home or office within 20 miles of their constituency) and Westminster or a London Area home.
For air travel, reimbursement is limited to the rate of an economy, or flexible economy, class ticket for the same journey at the time of booking.
Where more than one MP travels in the same car, only one of the MPs may submit a claim for the cost of the journey.
MPs may claim for the cost of an evening meal when they are required to be at the House of Commons because the House is sitting late but the meal does not need to be eaten on the Parliamentary Estate.
MPs may claim Travel and Subsistence Expenses for the cost of an overnight hotel for a member of their staff, where the staff member has necessarily travelled in assisting the MP in his or her Parliamentary functions, or in undertaking relevant training.
MPs may claim reimbursement for subsistence expenses for their staff members if the staff member necessarily stays overnight in a hotel to assist the MP in his or her Parliamentary functions, or if the staff member is undertaking training.
MPs may submit claims for the incidental expenses of interns and volunteers.
Mr Liddell-Grainger: To ask the hon. Member for Broxbourne, representing the Speaker's Committee for the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority how much has been spent under each budgetary heading on expenses for each member of the board of the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority in each month of its operation; and for what purpose in each case. [14621]
Mr Charles Walker: Since IPSA began operations, only Sir Scott Baker has claimed expenses. These were all for travel on IPSA business. The months and amounts are detailed as follows.
Mr Liddell-Grainger: To ask the hon. Member for Broxbourne, representing the Speaker's Committee for the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority how much each member of the communications team of the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority receives in (a) salary and (b) benefits. [15729]
Mr Charles Walker: One member of the communications team receives a salary within the range £45,000-50,000, and the other member of the communications team receives a salary within the range £30,000-£35,000. The benefits received are similar to those offered by many employers-such as 25 days annual leave, pension contributions and the offer of a season ticket loan.
Mr Liddell-Grainger: To ask the hon. Member for Broxbourne, representing the Speaker's Committee for the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority how much the Director of Communications for the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority will receive in (a) salary and (b) benefits in 2010-11. [15730]
Mr Charles Walker: The Director of Communications will receive a salary within the range £75,000-£80,000. The benefits received are similar to those offered by many employers, such as 25 days annual leave, pension contributions and the offer of a season ticket loan.
Telephone Services: Manpower
Mr Spellar: To ask the hon. Member for Broxbourne, representing the Speaker's Committee for the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority, on average how many employees staff the hon. Members' enquiry line each day; and how many such employees staffed that enquiry line on 10 September 2010. [15903]
Mr Charles Walker: The IPSA core Information Line is staffed, on average, by five people. On 10 September, it was staffed by four people.
Energy: Prices
Alex Cunningham: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change if he will bring forward proposals for minimum standards for energy tariffs in his Department's Energy Security and Green Economy Bill; and if he will make a statement. [17186]
Charles Hendry: Providing customers with information about their supplier's cheapest tariff is about giving them the information they need to take control of household energy costs. We are working on the details of this proposal, but we are clear that cheapest tariff information needs to be presented in a straightforward and meaningful way to consumers.
Ofgem has recently introduced new over arching standards to prevent the selling of products that are inappropriate to a customer's needs or offer products that are unnecessarily complex or confusing.
In a recent open letter to suppliers, Ofgem, reminded suppliers of their obligations under these standards. A copy of this letter is available online at:
http://www.ofgem.gov.uk/Markets/RetMkts/ensuppro/Documents1/Open_letter%20on%20transparency.pdf
Feed-in Tariffs
Andrew Bridgen: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change if he will take steps to change the rules of feed-in tariffs so those who installed microgenerators before 15 July 2009 will benefit to the same extent as those who installed microgenerators after this date. [14837]
Gregory Barker: Since the establishment of the coalition Government, we have been looking at several aspects of the feed-in tariff scheme, including the treatment of installations commissioned before the announcement of the scheme. After careful consideration, we have concluded that the scheme as it relates to these early adopters should remain unchanged. Generators who had installed before 15 July 2009 will not be eligible for the full rate of FITs, but those that benefited from the renewables obligation will continue to be supported at an equivalent rate.
Alex Cunningham: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change when he plans to open the Offshore Wind Site Development Competition; and what arrangements have been made for the administration of that competition. [17014]
Charles Hendry: As with all public spending, funding for offshore wind manufacturing infrastructure is being reviewed in the context of the spending review. Administrative arrangements in connection with DECC policies will be finalised in the light of the outcomes of the spending review; announcements on the spending review will be made on 20 October.
Alex Cunningham: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change what plans he has for the future funding of the Offshore Wind Site Development Competition. [17015]
Charles Hendry: All future funding plans for the Department are a part of the ongoing spending review. Announcements on the spending review will be made on 20 October.
House of Commons Commission
Bars: Prices
Mr Spellar: To ask the hon. Member for Middlesbrough, representing the House of Commons Commission, what the difference is between the wholesale and retail price of a pint of Guinness sold in each House of Commons catering outlet. [15900]
Sir Stuart Bell: The difference between the wholesale price and the retail price of a pint of Guinness in all outlets is £1.49.
Academies: Equality
Vernon Coaker: To ask the Secretary of State for Education whether he has sought advice from the Equality and Human Rights Commission on the likely effects of the implementation of the proposals in the Academies Bill on (a) black pupils, (b) Asian pupils, (c) pupils from a mixed ethnic background, (d) girls and (e) pupils with special educational needs. [9692]
Mr Gibb [holding answer 19 July 2010]: The Secretary of State did not seek advice from the Equality and Human Rights Commission on the likely effects of the implementation of the proposals in the Academies Bill on the groups of pupils mentioned in the question.
The evidence, both from Academies programme and from similar programmes in other countries, shows that all pupils benefit when schools are given greater freedoms.
Academies: Finance
Lisa Nandy: To ask the Secretary of State for Education what his estimate is of the amount of additional funding that new academy schools will receive (a) nationally and (b) broken down by local authority area. [5215]
Mr Gibb: The additional funding received by new academy schools is intended to ensure that they are no better or worse off than they were as maintained schools, having regard to their additional responsibilities. It will consist of a grant to meet VAT costs, and a grant known as Local Authority Central Spend Equivalent
Grant (LACSEG) which is paid in lieu of certain local authority (LA) services. The amounts payable on a national basis will depend on the number of schools converting in each area. The VAT grant is a fixed percentage of the General Annual Grant paid to academies, the current percentages being 4.13% (Inner London), 3.62% (Outer London) and 3.54% (elsewhere). The grant is calculated by using historical data on schools' expenditure to derive a typical proportion of spend that attracts VAT.
The table shows the amount per pupil of the grant in lieu of LA services, for each LA, expressed for the financial year 2010-11. Differences in the amounts reflect varying levels of delegation of funding. In some but not all LAs an amount for SEN services is also payable for relevant pupils and this is shown separately.
New academy schools will also receive funding for insurance and rates at actual cost.
LA name LACSEG FY10-11 SEN LACSEG FY10-11
Pri Sec Pri Sec
Bristol, City of
Kingston Upon Hull, City of
Central Bedfordshire
Brighton and Hove
East Cheshire
Departmental Public Expenditure
Angela Smith: To ask the Secretary of State for Education if he will take steps to enable (a) vulnerable, (b) disabled and (c) other people to participate in local decisions on identification of (i) areas in which savings may be made and (ii) services for which funding should be maintained at current levels in respect of proposed reductions in area-based grant funding. [15873]
Robert Neill: I have been asked to reply.
Decisions on the level of future grant support for local authorities are being considered in the context of the spending review. The spending review is being run in an open, responsible and fair way that protects the poorest and most vulnerable in our society. We have consulted broadly with the public over the summer through the Spending Challenge. This has meant engaging and involving the whole country in the difficult decisions that will have to be taken.
Some councils are using effective ways of engaging the community in making decisions about what to invest resources in and where to make savings. For example, a number of councils are using a web-based consultation tool called YouChoose, developed by LB Redbridge:
http://www.idea.gov.uk/idk/core/page.do?pageId=22436695
This enables the public to be involved in the process and also helps them to understand the difficult choices facing councils. I would commend this approach to any council wishing to improve contributions from the community; and to go further by giving local people a direct say in spending as a part of the budget in a participatory budgeting exercise.
The most promising ideas will be taken forward in time for the spending review on 20 October. We will limit as far as possible the impact of reductions in spending on the most vulnerable in society, and on those regions heavily dependent on the public sector.
New Schools Network
Lisa Nandy: To ask the Secretary of State for Education pursuant to the answer of 6 September 2010, Official Report, column 351W, on the New Schools Network, what consideration his Department gave to the relevant regulations and agreements when agreeing to enter into the grant agreement with the New Schools Network. [15963]
Mr Gibb: The Department considered carefully the options for securing the requisite services from an external organisation. Given the need for specialist skills and experience to be in place quickly it was decided to award a time-limited grant to New Schools Network. In doing so the Department took account of the UK Public Procurement Regulations 2006 and the Compact Commissioning Guidance.
Philip Davies: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice pursuant to the answer to the hon. Member for Garston and Halewood of 26 July 2010, Official Report, columns 684-86W, on convictions, what assessment he has made of the reason for the trends in conviction rates for (a) theft and (b) burglary in a dwelling between 2001 and 2008. [15563]
The Attorney-General: I have been asked to reply.
On 26 July 2010, the Secretary of State for Justice reported that the conviction rate for theft had increased
from 79% in 1999 to 90% in 2008 and the conviction rate for burglary had increased from 63% to 74% over the same period.
The data show that performance started to improve noticeably after 2003. This coincides with three major initiatives aimed at increasing the effectiveness of criminal case management in the criminal justice system, namely the Charging Programme, the Effective Trial Management Programme and the 'No Witness, No Justice' Programme. It was the combined effect of these major initiatives that helped to deliver the improvement in conviction rates and as Minister responsible for the CPS I am delighted with its role in delivering these outcomes.
Convictions: Theft
Philip Davies: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice what proportion of convictions for criminal offences in each of the last nine years was attributable to convictions for offences of (a) burglary, (b) theft and (c) robbery. [15704]
Mr Blunt: The number of defendants found guilty at all courts for burglary, theft, and robbery, and the proportion they are of all convictions, England and Wales 2000-08 (latest available) are shown in the following table.
Data for 2009 will be published on 21 October 2010.
N umber of defendants found guilty( 1, 2) at all courts for burglary, theft, and robbery, by percentage of those found guilty of all offences, England and Wales 2000-08( 3, 4, 5)
Found guilty Percentage
Burglary Theft( 5) Robbery All offence groups Burglary Theft Robbery
* Less than 1%
(1) The figures given in the table on court proceedings relate to persons for whom these offences were the principal offences for which they were dealt with. When a defendant has been found guilty of two or more offences it is the offence for which the heaviest penalty is imposed. Where the same disposal is imposed for two or more offences, the offence selected is the offence for which the statutory maximum penalty is the most severe.
(2) Every effort is made to ensure that the figures presented are accurate and complete. However, it is important to note that these data have been extracted from large administrative data systems generated by the courts and police forces. As a consequence, care should be taken to ensure data collection processes and their inevitable limitations are taken into account when those data are used.
(3) Staffordshire Police Force were only able to supply a sample of data for magistrates courts proceedings covering one full week in each quarter for 2000. Estimates based on this sample are included in the figures as they are considered sufficiently robust at this high level of analysis.
(4) Excludes data for Cardiff magistrates court for April, July and August 2008.
(5) The following statute, sections of the statute, and corresponding offence descriptions are used for Theft:
Theft Act 1968 S.1, S.11 and S.13
Stealing from the person of another
Stealing in a dwelling other than from automatic machines and meters
Stealing by an employee
Abstracting electricity
Stealing pedal cycles
Stealing from vehicles:
From motor vehicles
From other vehicles
Stealing from shops and stalls (shoplifting)
Stealing from automatic machines and meters
Stealing and unauthorised taking of motor vehicles:
Stealing motor vehicle
Other stealing and unauthorised taking:
Offences under the Theft Act 1968 S.1 not classified elsewhere
Removal of articles on show from places open to the public
Stealing conveyance other than motor vehicle or pedal cycle
Justice Statistics Analytical Services-Ministry of Justice.
Crimes of Violence: Sentencing
Susan Elan Jones: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice what the average length of a custodial sentence imposed in respect of grievous bodily harm was in each of the last five years. [15941]
Mr Blunt: The number of persons sentenced at all courts, the sentence they received and average custodial sentence length for grievous bodily harm offences, England and Wales 2004 to 2008 (latest available) are shown in the following table.
The offences shown in the table, which come under the Offences Against the Persons Act 1861, have been broken down into sub categories which together form the offence of grievous bodily harm.
Data for 2009 are planned for publication on 21 October 2010.
Persons sentenced, the sentence they received and the average custodial sentence length( 1) at all courts for grievous bodily harm, England and Wales 2004 to 2008( 2, 3)
Offence and sentence outcome 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Wounding with intent to do grievous bodily harm( 4)
Total sentenced
Immediate custody
Average custodial sentence length (months)
Absolute discharge
Conditional discharge
Community sentence
Suspended sentence
Otherwise dealt with
Wounding or inflicting grievous bodily harm( 5)
Racially or religiously aggravated grievous bodily harm( 6)
(1) Average custodial sentence length excludes life and indeterminate sentences.
(2) The figures given in the table relate to persons for whom these offences were the principal offences for which they were dealt with. When a defendant has been found guilty of two or more offences it is the offence for which the heaviest penalty is imposed. Where the same disposal is imposed for two or more offences, the offence selected is the offence for which the statutory maximum penalty is the most severe.
(4) Offences against the Person Act 1861 S.18-Wounding with intent to do grievous bodily harm.
(5) Offences against the Person Act 1861 S.20-Malicious wounding:-wounding or inflicting grievous bodily harm.
(6) Offences against the Person Act 1861 S.20 as amended by Crime and Disorder Act 1998 S.29(1)(a)&(2)
Racially aggravated malicious wounding:-wounding or inflicting grievous bodily harm.
Religiously aggravated malicious wounding:-wounding or inflicting grievous bodily harm.
Racially or religiously aggravated malicious wounding:-wounding or inflicting grievous bodily harm.
Justice Statistics-Analytical Services, Ministry of Justice
Abortion: Young People
Mr Stewart Jackson: To ask the Secretary of State for Health what the rate of terminations of pregnancies for women aged under 18 per 1,000 conceptions was in 2009; and if he will make a statement. [16000]
Anne Milton: In England and Wales, for women aged under 18 years, 494 per 1,000 conceptions were terminated by abortion in 2008 (the most recent year for which figures are available). Figures on conceptions are estimates based on the number of live births, stillbirths or legal abortions. They do not include miscarriages and illegal abortions. Figures are based on the woman's age at estimated date of conception. Data for 2008 are provisional. The rate of abortions in England and Wales for under 18-year-olds was 20.1 per 1,000 women aged 15 to 17 years in 2008.
Fiona Mactaggart: To ask the Secretary of State for Health (1) how many contracts to obtain data from the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency General Practice Research Database (a) his Department and (b) another agency of Government has entered into without tendering; [15827]
(2) what studies his Department has undertaken to ensure that the cost to his Department and other Government bodies of acquiring medical data from the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency General Practice Research Database represents value for money in comparison with the cost of obtaining similar data from commercial organisations. [15923]
Mr Simon Burns: Over the last three years, the General Practice Research Database (GPRD) has added new and additional services which means that simple comparisons of the cost of access to primary care data between the GPRD and that from commercial organisations are not meaningful.
The "contracts" referred to are actually in-house arrangements between the Department and one of its Executive agencies and therefore not subject to the requirements of procurement law.
Fiona Mactaggart: To ask the Secretary of State for Health (1) what assessment has been made of the potential for a conflict of interest to arise between the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency function of regulating pharmaceutical products and that Agency's role as supplier of General Practice Research Database medical data to the same pharmaceutical companies; [15909]
(2) whether the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency General Practice Research Database department repaid the initial funding loan it received from the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) when the General Practice Research Database was moved from the Office for National Statistics to the MHRA. [15922]
Mr Simon Burns: The Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) has in place a robust separation of functions between the MHRA regulatory functions and the General Practice Research
Database (GPRD) to ensure there is no conflict of interest. The GPRD is run by its own dedicated team who have no involvement with any regulatory work of the MHRA, and none of the MHRA regulatory staff have access to the administration of the GPRD. The GPRD Group reports into a non-regulatory Division of the MHRA, the Information Management Division. The GPRD group maintains its own separate management accounts. GPRD and MHRA data are kept on separate physical servers, accessed through separate logical domains. As a result of this separation of functions the Agency is confident that no conflict of interest exists.
The GPRD moved from the Office of National Statistics to the Medicines Control Agency (MCA), the predecessor body to the MHRA in 1999. At that time the MCA took a decision to invest in the GPRD to develop it as a resource for medical and health research purposes undertaken in the public interest. This was an investment, not an 'initial funding loan' requiring repayment.
Our Life
Philip Davies: To ask the Secretary of State for Health whether (a) he and (b) officials of his Department have discussed with NHS North West the (i) establishment and (ii) funding of the social enterprise Our Life. [15567]
Paul Burstow: During the development and establishment phase of the Our Life programme, discussions took place between ministers and the North West strategic health authority (SHA). Along with other regional partners, departmental officials had discussions with the SHA in relation to this organisation. There is no requirement for the Department to approve the establishment of social enterprises.
The Department provided funding to each region to help support the reduction of harm from alcohol at a local level. In the North West, the regional Drink Wise programme contributed to specific projects, including Our Life.
Further information on the Our Life social enterprise is available at:
www.northwest.nhs.uk/whatwedo/publichealth/our_life
Departmental Contracts
Ian Austin: To ask the Secretary of State for Scotland what the monetary value is of contracts his Department has awarded to each (a) management consultancy and (b) IT company since 7 May 2010. [16177]
David Mundell: The Scotland Office has not awarded any management consultancy or IT contracts since 7 May 2010.
Departmental Manpower
Gregg McClymont: To ask the Secretary of State for Scotland how many officials his Department has appointed on fixed-term contracts since 7 May 2010. [16798]
David Mundell: All staff in the Scotland Office are on secondment, mainly from the Ministry of Justice or the Scottish Government. The Office does not employ staff directly.
Since 7 May 2010, one member of staff has joined the Office on a fixed-term contract through the Ministry of Justice.
Andrew George: To ask the Secretary of State for Scotland if his Department will take steps to assess the effects on (a) equality of incomes, (b) equality of assets and (c) equality of access to services of measures relating to its expenditure under consideration in the Spending Review. [16348]
David Mundell: The Scotland Office does not deliver services directly to the public. However the equality duties inform all its work as a matter of course.
Departmental Secondment
Ian Austin: To ask the Secretary of State for Scotland how many staff his Department has appointed on secondment since 7 May 2010; and from what organisation each such member of staff has been seconded. [16266]
David Mundell: The Scotland Office does not employ staff directly. All its staff are on secondment from other public bodies, mainly the Ministry of Justice and the Scottish Government. As at 16 September 2010, the Scotland Office has appointed four members of staff on secondment since 7 May 2010. Two are from the Scottish Government and two are from the Ministry of Justice.
Departmental Work Experience
Luciana Berger: To ask the Secretary of State for Scotland how many interns his Department has engaged in the last 12 months; and how many were (a) unpaid, (b) remunerated with expenses only and (c) paid a salary. [17205]
David Mundell: The Scotland Office has engaged no interns in the last 12 months.
Attorney-General
Departmental Billing
Mike Freer: To ask the Attorney-General what the average cost to the Law Officers' Departments was of processing the payment for an invoice in the latest period for which figures are available; and what proportion of invoices settled in that period were paid (a) electronically and (b) by cheque. [16106]
The Attorney-General: The information requested is contained in the following table:
Law Officers Department Estimated average cost (£) Proportion of payments by cheque (%)
Treasury Solicitor's Department(1)
Serious Fraud Office(2)
(1) TSOL figures also cover the Attorney-General's Office and HM Crown Prosecution Service Inspectorate. (2) The SFO figures include invoices processed on behalf of the NFA.
Departmental Empty Property
Mike Freer: To ask the Attorney-General what the estimated monetary value is of each vacant (a) building and (b) parcel of land owned by the Law Officers' Departments in each region. [16241]
The Solicitor-General: None of the buildings or land owned by the Law Officers' Departments is currently vacant.
Departmental Press: Subscriptions
Mike Freer: To ask the Attorney-General how much the Law Officers' Departments spent on newspapers, periodicals and trade profession magazines in each year since 1997. [16231]
CPS RCPO SFO TSOL( 1) NFA
(2)77,954
(1 )Tsol data include costs for AGO and HMCPSI. Information is not recorded for 1997-98. (2) Data up to end of December 2009. RCPO merged with CPS on 1 January 2010.
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Contemporary British Portrait Painters: CBPPRichard Unwin2021-03-31T12:23:30+00:00
Contemporary British Portrait Painters: CBPP
The CBPP (Contemporary British Portrait Painters) draws together some of Britain's best contemporary portrait and figurative painters, currently working and exploring what it means to represent people in art. The group is a non-profit collective of artists set up purely to promote this wonderful and intensely fascinating branch of painting.
EXHIBITIONS WITH CBPP ARTISTS
Portraits in Isolation, Old Fire Station | 2021
Portraits in Isolation is a group show of work by the Contemporary British Portrait Painters produced during the lockdowns of 2020/21. In contrast to the CBPP's inaugural Perceptions exhibition – which opened with a packed private view and celebrated camaraderie between the artists – Portraits in Isolation reflects a year of working in isolation. The majority of the work is the result of the virtual initiative 'Life in Lock-down', where CBPP members swapped images from which to paint reciprocal portraits.
The exhibition includes a special video introduction from Will Gompertz, BBC Arts Editor.
Perceptions at The Space at Cass Art, Islington | 3 – 22 March 2020
The CBPP's first ever group exhibition, Perceptions consciously bucks the trend of hiring a large expensive gallery space. The exhibition aims to be non-hierarchical by inviting exhibitors to produce work on a panel of fixed size: giving all members, regardless of age or experience, the same space on the wall.
Portraits for NHS Heroes | Fitzrovia Chapel
The Net Gallery and artist Tom Croft have partnered to create a virtual exhibition showcasing portraits of NHS staff, created during the current crisis. The exhibition incorporates work by 15 artists, all members of the Contemporary British Portrait Painters (CBPP), which represents many of the top portrait painters living and working in the UK. The display, which is exclusively available online, was installed and scanned at Fitzrovia Chapel in London, the former chapel of Middlesex Hospital. The virtual exhibition celebrates frontline workers through portraiture and will raise funds for NHS Charities Together, to help support to the ongoing COVID-19 relief effort.
ABOUT CONTEMPORARY BRITISH PORTRAIT PAINTERS
In 2018, artist Ian Goldsmith sent a message to a group of friends and contacts on Instagram pondering the fact that there was, to his knowledge, as yet no independent society to celebrate and give voice to contemporary British portraiture and figurative painting. What started out as a general enquiry got an almost unanimously enthusiastic response from its recipients – and soon afterwards a new collective, Contemporary British Portrait Painters (CBPP for short) was born.
The CBPP as a group seeks to find a more contemporary definition of portraiture which reflects our modern society in its diversity, and celebrates the artists' ability to interpret their subject without always being reliant on monetary constraints. As a non-profit making group, the CBPP does not gear itself towards the purely commercial – celebrating instead the individual voices of its members. The group itself is diverse, too, featuring an almost equal split between male and female – plus, due to a quick membership application process which is open to all living in the UK, the age split is incredibly wide, featuring recent graduates alongside painters with already long and distinguished careers. It's not a closed shop.
The interest in figurative painting couldn't be higher, from TV shows on Sky to the BP Portrait prize, yet the landscape is changing. In 2019, one judge of the BP portrait competition, alongside other leading artists spoke out, calling for the competition to end its connection with BP. Where profit and entertainment take the lead, the art as a consequence, will fall into the background. The CBPP want to put the art at the front, at all times.
Contemporary British Portrait Painters: CBPP | www.thecbpp.org

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Scott Sio
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Scott Sio is the son of Manu Samoan front row forward Tavita 'David' Sio and has a christian name that is steeped in rugby history. Scott was born in 1991, the pinnacle of his father's Test career, at the time of that year's Rugby World Cup. His dad was a member of the famous, giant-killing Samoan XV who upset Wales, almost beat Australia and ultimately made a shock quarter-final appearance. Back at home in Sydney, mum Tina gave birth to a baby boy in the week before Samoa played Scotland in Edinburgh. "Historically in our culture we commemorate events by naming a child or something like that," father David once explained. "When he was born it was just fitting we were in Edinburgh, and we were playing a quarter-final against Scotland. If we won, he would have been Manu Samoa, but as it turns out we didn't. I said: 'Let's just call him Scotland'".
That was shortened to Scott, and 21 years later young Sio emulated his dad by winning a first Test cap, against New Zealand in Sydney. Sio holds a rather unique and obscure Australian rugby record. As at the end of the 2018 season he had played more Tests (55) than any other Wallaby without completing at least one full, 80-minute game.
Selected for Australian Schools against Ireland Schools, Wales U18s and England U17s in the end-of season tour to the United Kingdom and Ireland.
Selected in the Australian U20s squad for the third-annual IRB Junior World Championship tournament in Argentina.
Selected in the Australian U20s squad for the fourth-annual IRB Junior World Championship tournament in Italy.
Sio was named in the Wallabies extended squad for the series against the British & Irish Lions but did not make it into the match-day 23 for any of the three Tests. He was released back to the ACT Brumbies for their clash against the tourists and started in his team's historic 14-12 win. Sio won his first Test cap off the bench when he replaced James Slipper in the 29-47, 1st Test loss to New Zealand in Sydney. Three weeks later he won his first cap in the run-on XV when chosen at loose head prop in the 12-38, 1st Test loss to South Africa in Brisbane.
Sio earned a single cap for the year when he came on as a replacement in the 3rd Test against France in Sydney. An ankle syndesmosis injury while training ahead of the 1st Test against New Zealand and subsequent fitness-related issues saw Sio miss the rest of the international season.
He won 11 Test caps from a potential 12 internationals and was selected to his first Rugby World Cup. Sio earned wide-ranging plaudits for his scrummaging efforts in the pool match against host England as the much-maligned Australian eight won a clear-cut knockout decision against a side that had troubled them for at least a decade.
Sio earned 14 Test caps and only missed the 2nd Test against England in Melbourne. He scored his first Test try in the 10-18, 2nd Test loss to South Africa in Pretoria.
Sio mIssed selection in the opening Test of the year against Fiji as he rehabilitated from damaged medial and patellar ligaments in his knee. He recovered to play in all 13 of the Wallabies' remaining internationals, the last 12 of which he was selected as the starting loose-head prop.
Sio started at loose head prop in 12 of the Wallabies' 13 Test matches and only missed the first Bledisloe Cup due to a shoulder injury he had carried for a few weeks. Sio played his 50th Test in the 12-23 loss to South Africa at Port Elizabeth.
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Q: Example of a stochastic process that is 1st and 2nd order stationary, but not strictly stationary (Round 2) This question follows from my previous question, where Robin answered the question in the case of weak stationary processes.  Here, I am asking a similar question for (strong?) stationary processes.  I'll define what this means (the definition can also be found here).

Let $X(t)$ be a stochastic process. We say that $X(t)$ is Nth-order stationary if, for every $t_1, t_2, \dots, t_N$ we have that the joint cumulative density functions
  $$F_{X(t_1),X(t_2),\dots,X(t_N)} = F_{X(t_1 + \tau),X(t_2 + \tau),\dots,X(t_N + \tau)}$$
  for all $\tau$.

This is quite a strong condition, it says that the joint statistics don't change at all as time shifts.
For example, a 1st order stationary process is such that $F_{X(t_1)} = F_{X(t_2)}$ for all $t_1$ and $t_2$. That is, the $X(t)$ are all identically distributed. It is quite easy to see that a 1st order stationary process need not be 2nd order stationary.  Simply assign a correlation structure to say $X(t)$, $X(t+1)$, $X(t+2)$ that does not correspond to a (symmetric) Toeplitz matrix. That is, in vector form, the covariance matrix of $[ X(t), X(t+1), X(t+2)]$ could be given as
$$\left[\begin{array}{cc}
\sigma^2 & a & b \newline
a & \sigma^2 & c \newline
b & c& \sigma^2
\end{array}\right]$$
for $a,b,c$ distinct.  This is now not 2nd order stationary because $E[X(t)X(t+1)] = a$ and, time shifting by 1 we have $E[X(t+1)X(t+2)] = c \neq a$.
In a similar way (presumably), a process that is 1st and 2nd order stationary need not be 3rd order stationary and this leads to my question:

Does somebody have a nice example of a stochastic process that is both 1st and 2nd order stationary, but not 3rd order stationary?

A: Here is such an example. I will describe the process in terms of its sample paths.
It's a simple process, it only has four sample paths: $\omega_1$, $\omega_2$, $\omega_3$, $\omega_4$. This means that the only possible outcomes are:
$$ ...,\ X(-1) = \omega_i(-1),\ X(0) = \omega_i(0),\ X(1) = \omega_i(1),\ ... $$
One outcome for every $i \in \{1,2,3,4\}$.
The sample paths are defined as follows, for $t\in \mathbb{Z}$:
$$\omega_1(t):= \begin{cases}
   1 & \text{if $t$ is a multiple of $4$,}\\
   0 & \text{else.}\\
\end{cases} $$
$$\omega_2(t):= \begin{cases}
   0 & \text{if $t$ is a multiple of $4$,}\\
   1 & \text{else.}\\
\end{cases} $$
$$\omega_3(t):= \omega_1(t-2)  $$
$$\omega_4(t):= \omega_2(t-2)  $$
So they are:
$$ ...,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,... $$
$$ ...,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,... $$
$$ ...,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,... $$
$$ ...,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,... $$
Here is a plot of the four possible sample paths:

Each sample path is defined to have probability $1/4$. This concludes the definition of the process.
I will now show that it satisfies the conditions required by the OP.
For $t\in\{1,2,3,4\}$ one can see that there are exactly $2$ sample paths such that $X(t)=1$, and exactly $2$ sample paths such that $X(t)=0$. Hence for $t\in\{1,2,3,4\}$:
$$ P[X(t)=1] = P[X(t)=0] = 1/2 .$$
Since the process is periodic this is true for every $t\in \mathbb{Z}$. This means that the distribution of $X(t)$ does not depend on $t$ and therefore the process is 1st order stationary.
Likewise, looking at consecutive pairs, for $t\in\{1,2,3,4\}$ there is exactly $1$ sample path with $X(t)=1$ and $X(t+1)=0$, exactly $1$ sample path with $X(t)=0$ and $X(t+1)=1$, exactly $1$ sample path with $X(t)=0$ and $X(t+1)=0$, and exactly $1$ sample path with $X(t)=1$ and $X(t+1)=1$. So for $t\in\{1,2,3,4\}$:
$$ P[X(t)=1,X(t+1)=0] = P[X(t)=0,X(t+1)=1] =P[X(t)=0,X(t+1)=0] =P[X(t)=1,X(t+1)=1] = 1/4 .$$
Again by periodicity, this is true for every $t\in \mathbb{Z}$ and the process is 2nd order stationary.
However, for instance: $$P[X(0)=0,X(1)=0,X(2)=0] = 0,$$ while $$P[X(1)=0,X(2)=0,X(3)=0] = 1/4.$$
Therefore the process is not 3rd order stationary

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New Retablo for California Mission
Take a look at this photo: NEW RETABLO ~ MISSION BASILICA SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO, of an amazing new altar at one of the California missions.
And more information:
NEW RETABLO ~ MISSION BASILICA SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO II
While developing the project, the designers of Talleres de Arte Granda researched the great retablos in Spain that had the most influence on the transmission of the style to Latin America. These include the retablos in the Church of Santa Ana in Seville; the Convent of the Holy Spirit in Seville; the Church of Santo Domingo in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; the Chapel of Santa Tecla in the Cathedral of Burgos; and the Church of San Esteban in Salamanca. The last two of these were designed by the original Churriguerra workshop.
The new retablo is approximately 44 feet tall, 29 feet wide and 5 feet deep, and weighs 16 tons. It was fashioned in the Talleres de Arte Granda workshops in Alcalá de Henares by 85 artists and craftsmen, including designers, carpenters, sculptors, painters, gilders and metalsmiths. Aided by the best technology in engineering, chemistry and machining, the artisans were able to complete in 14 months a work of art that might have taken 18 years to build in the 18th century. The retablo was shipped from Spain to California in over 100 crates, and constructed by a team of six artisans over a period of three weeks. It was bolted to a frame of steel beams that project 14 feet underground, securing it from potential damage by earthquake.
NEW RETABLO ~ MISSION BASILICA SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO III
The columns are helical, following a shape believed to imitate the great pillars Booz and Jachin in the First Temple of Jerusalem. This form was revived in Baroque Rome, most notably in the baldacchino in St. Peter's Basilica designed by Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini. The solomonic column became an indispensable element of the Churrigueresque style. Like the columns on the Golden Altar of the Serra Chapel, those on the new retablo are festooned with grapevines, an appropriately Eucharistic symbol. The famous migratory cliff swallows that nest in the ruins of the Great Stone Church have been added to the decorative scheme. The columns are surmounted by Corinthian capitols. Despite their profuse ornamentation that is unlike anything in classical architecture, their proportions are those of the ancient order.
NEW RETABLO ~ MISSION BASILICA SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO IV
The statues of two blesseds who were raised to the altars in recent decades and whose cults of devotion were unknown in the 17th and 18th centuries immediately identify the new retablo as a contemporary work of art; their inclusion however is in the tradition of historic mission iconography. Despite embodying a spiritual return to ancient Christian tradition, the art of the missions was no exercise in anachronism. The artists of the mission era exhibited a surprising catholicity and currency in their choice of iconographic subjects, including many recent heroes of the Jesuit and Franciscan orders responsible for the evangelization of the New World.
Posted by Mark S. Abeln at 4/16/2007 11:21:00 AM
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A medicine or alcohol addiction influences every location of a person's life. Along with job as well as partnership problems, a substance abuse issue can raise some extremely uneasy concerns regarding identity, as well as the meaning and also objective of life. Faith-based healing choices effort to offer a religious– generally Christian– perspective on addiction and also therapy, providing dynamics and also instructions that stand out from nonreligious programs.
For individuals who count on the support of a religious practice, or that are searching for a spiritual foundation for recuperation, faith-based recuperation programs offer an atmosphere that nurtures this facet of treatment. Unlike secular recuperation programs, which could de-emphasize the role of spirituality in order to attract a wider variety of clients, faith-based programs are openly structured around the values, traditions, as well as mentors of a specific religion. Clients can review problems of faith and also addiction with specialists as well as peers in a risk-free, encouraging environment that validates their beliefs.
The defining feature of Christian-centered therapy choices is that the techniques and also strategies are based on, or influenced by, Christian trainings. This suggests that they urge spiritual reflection as part of rehabilitation and also counseling, and make use of Christian bible (as found in the Holy bible) to direct as well as guide people through cleansing, along with specific, team, or family members counseling. Such programs often make use of testaments and also statements of Christian tenets of God's love and acceptance as resources of strength and ideas for recuperating individuals.
The intersection in between the Christian belief and material abuse treatment goes back a long method. In enhancement to his job in psychiatry, Jung additionally studied globe religions, creating the idea that a person's life was reliant upon spiritual wellbeing.
Jung impressed this perspective into an alcoholic client of his, telling the guy that the only ensured way of defeating the disease (given that all various other strategies had actually failed) was to locate a spiritual experience. That discussion ultimately made its means to the ears of Costs Wilson, the man that would incorporate his hopeless wish to stop alcohol consumption with his newly found Christian belief to develop Twelve step programs. Without a doubt, Jung wrote to Wilson straight to clarify that spiritualism was what was should get rid of alcohol addiction.
Twelve-Step programs like Twelve step programs have actually come under objection and examination for their lack of openness and also eschewment of standard scientific methods, yet the core suggestions of peer support, mutual help, as well as responsibility are still supported.
Faith-based recuperation has been obtaining popularity recently, but exactly how reliable is this strategy to therapy? The National Study important Misuse Therapy Provider reported in 2008 that there were 527 faith-based rehab centers in the USA. Considering that the staff of such therapy facilities have the tendency to be "unlicensed and nonprofessional," as the Journal of Substance Abuse Therapy noted, as well as therapy does not always follow standardized scientific approaches, there exists a scarcity of organized empirical research right into the effectiveness of faith-based programs.
However, the supervisors of those programs concentrate much less on the figures as well as data of their facilities' success prices and also more on their effectiveness. Talking to The Fix, one director claims his program is "off the charts" successful; another claims that both nonreligious and religious treatment programs believe really extremely of his operation. A 3rd director says 70-80 percent of the grads of his program did not regression within the previous year; and an additional pointed at a two-year, internal research study that located 48 percent of its grads kept their soberness after completing their treatment.


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Frontenac County to seek underserviced area designation from Provinceby Jeff Green Dianna Bratina, the Manager of Economic Development for Frontenac County, is making the rounds of township Councils these days to present information she has gathered about the availability of doctors within the County. She is also seeking to be named as the primary contact for a County-wide application to the Underserviced Area Program of the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care.
In presenting the results of her research to Central Frontenac Council earlier this week, Dianna Bratina pointed out that North, Central, and South Frontenac should all be eligible for the designation according to the information she has gathered from census data and some more hands on research.
Bratina said that the prescribed ratio of doctors to patients in a community, according to the Council of Faculties of Medicine, is one doctor for every 1,380 people.
By that token, North Frontenac, with a population of about 1,800 people and zero physicians, would require 1.3 general practitioners/family physicians to satisfy the prescribed ratio.
Central Frontenac, with a population base of 4,550 residents and 1.7 doctors, would require an additional 1.6 doctors to satisfy the prescribed ratio.
Although census information indicated there are six practising physicians in South Frontenac, Bratina said in her report that she could only identify three doctors in two medical clinics. Doctor Dempsey has a practice in Verona while Doctors Raleigh and Ingo practice in Sydenham.
Based on this information, Bratina concludes that South Frontenac requires at least three, and possibly as many as six doctors to reach the prescribed ratio.
The township of Frontenac Islands is already designated as an underserviced area.
For North, South, and Central Frontenac to seek underserviced area designations on their own would require a considerable amount of work by township staff. Dianna Bratina told Council that she had been in contact with Bruce Maitland, the Ministry of Healths Community Development Officer for Southeastern Ontario, who suggested that, in order to minimise the cost of duplication and to effectively and efficiently pool all of the resources available for optimal recruiting results, a County-wide designation may be the more successful approach to take.
If the County of Frontenac is accepted into the Underserviced Area Program (UAP), which Bratina says is likely, the County will then be able to participate in several recruitment activities.
For starters, a list of UAP communities is circulated to all physicians inquiring about openings. Doctors and their spouses who wish to visit a community to assess practice opportunities may be eligible for reimbursement of travel and accommodation expenses.
Community representatives are invited to join a recruitment tour of the five Academic Health Sciences Centres in the province.
If, after one year of designation, a community has not been successful in its recruitment efforts, the community may request access to an incentive grant program. However, this program is more lucrative for physicians willing to locate in Northern Ontario, where a $40,000 grant, payable over 4 years, is available. For South Frontenac, only a $15,000 grant, payable over four years, is available.
The other funding initiative relates to physicians registered under the free tuition program, whereby new physicians can be reimbursed for tuition fees paid (up to $10,000 annually) for locating in an underserved area.
Being eligible for the Underserviced Area Program does not carry with it any guarantees, however.
There are over 140 communities that have this designation, Dianna Bratina told Central Frontenac Council, which makes for a very competitive marketplace.
Nonetheless Central Frontenac Council unanimously supported a resolution calling for the County of Frontenac to seek designation as an underserved area on their behalf, with Dianna Bratina as the designate who will carry the application process forward.


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Payment & Expense 2013 Expense Manager Report
Integration in Vogue
By JoAnn DeLuna / August 20, 2013 / Contact Reporter
Larger corporations increasingly are integrating their expense management systems with travel booking tools while smaller and midsize companies still find it challenging to justify the cost of doing so, according to the 10th annual Business Travel News Expense Manager Survey.
Nearly half of all 164 respondents surveyed, 45 percent, indicated they had integrated their expense systems with online booking, an increase from the 34 percent reported in last year's survey. Another 6 percent said their organizations planned this year to integrate their systems.
[Please click here to view the digital edition of BTN's 2013 Expense Manager Survey, featuring all charted data, downloadable as a pdf.]
"More companies are asking for T&E expense integration," said Orbitz for Business vice president of products and strategy development Anne Marie Razza. "Corporations are interested in the data analytics possible as a result of having both a T&E system [and a booking tool]. When they're integrated, [companies] get access to that data faster than they would independently."
Beginning in this year's third quarter, Orbitz for Business and expense management firm Coupa plan to offer booking integration, enabling prepopulation of Coupa expense reports for mutual clients. ExpenseAnywhere, ExpenseWire and IBM Global Expense Reporting Solutions already integrate with Orbitz for Business.
The travel management company's clients already can apply their corporate policies to the Orbitz for Business online booking interface, thereby providing managers some level of proactive control over company spending at the point of sale, rather than reactively managing spending in the expense system after the money already has been spent.
But with an integrated system, Razza said managers are better equipped to find discrepancies and identify violations by comparing what is booked and what is actually expensed, and to more quickly take action. For example, a traveler might reserve a policy-compliant economy-class rental car, but violate policy at pick-up by upgrading to a midsize car. Normally, a manager might not notice the difference until after an employee submits the expense for reimbursement, if the manager catches the violation at all.
"The nice thing about having T&E integrated is that the expense system can provide additional value by improved analytics," Razza said.
Coupa vice president of marketing Anthony Wessels said having integrated systems provides the visibility needed not only to manage expenses, but also to optimize spend by seeing savings opportunities.
"Now you're not just taking that $5 million [of spend] and signing your signature on an Excel spreadsheet and issuing checks against it," he said. "Now you're actually optimizing, looking at spend as a whole, taking the spend power you have and saving the company money."
Additionally, automatic prepopulation of expense reports made possible by such integration makes it easier and faster for employees to complete and submit expense reports and for managers to process them. Such streamlined processes generate more efficiencies and therefore savings, Wessels added.
Persistent Challenges
While organizations may understand the value of integrating systems, various obstacles can stymie implementation and adoption. According to BTN's survey, the necessary budget for booking and expense data integration was identified as a top challenge, with 54 percent of respondents rating it as a 4 or 5 on an ascending 5-point scale (in which 5 is considered the most challenging obstacle).
The second-most challenging factor, with 44 percent of respondents indicating a 4 or 5, is obtaining management support.
"It's imperative to have that top-level executive sponsorship," said John Tangredi, president of Insperity's Expense Management division.
Sempra Energy has about 2,500 travelers and annually spends about $9 million to $10 million in T&E. Nearly six years ago, the company launched a pilot program with one of its business units to integrate booking and expense through Concur. Sempra Energy travel services and charge card administrator Jessica Davis said the system works "great," has proven to be efficient and satisfies employees. The rest of the company uses Concur for travel booking and SAP for expense reporting.
But despite the positive experience, Sempra Energy will not roll out companywide a fully integrated system. Instead, the company will consider upgrading the SAP expense system and at least integrate credit card data.
"In such a large company it is really difficult to make changes to internal processes, so things tend not to change to avoid ruffling feathers," according to Davis. "The most important factor to a major corporate change is getting executive buy-in and support. If the information can come from the top down, it is much more effective. We would also have to get with multiple departments to make sure all goes well—IT, human resources, etc."
Concur vice president of global product management A.G. Lambert said the key to having a successful integrated program is a project team that includes representatives from both travel and expense departments, especially when different departments within the organization handle associated systems.
"If that's disconnected from what's happening with travel, there may be internal organizational reasons why people don't put that together," Lambert said.
SMBs Struggle
Given these and other challenges, implementing an integrated T&E program may be more possible at larger companies that have the budget and executive power to initiate change. Of all survey respondents who indicated their organizations have integrated booking and expense systems, about 54 percent have $12 million or more in U.S.-booked air spending.
The proportion of respondents who said their organizations had implemented an integrated solution decreased along with the size of travel spend. Of organizations with annual U.S.-booked air volumes between $500,000 and $2 million, about 34 percent indicated they had an integrated solution, while about 21 percent of respondents from organizations with less than $500,000 of such volume said they had an integrated solution.
Philipp Schloter, president and CEO of expense management company Abukai, said he has seen more booking and expense integration, most typically for Fortune 100 companies. Often, companies opt into integration as part of the latest system upgrade. Schloter said Abukai hasn't seen "a single request" for booking and expense integration among its small- and midsize clients.
"In smaller corporations, we've seen it go the opposite way," Schloter said. "They're saying, 'Book what you want ... and we'll expense it. We're just not going to bother with it.' "
Schloter said one reason companies choose not to integrate is based on who within an organization is tasked with overseeing such systems and processes. If it's IT, for example, the organization is more likely to adopt new tools.
Another reason relates to an organization's clout with travel suppliers. "The process to negotiate preferred rates with hotels, airlines and other travel suppliers can take a long time, and if [the company] doesn't have a lot of spend, it won't get the discount anyway," said Concur's Lambert. "Smaller companies are not seeing the savings of managing travel with expense, or are finding it too difficult, so they're not getting as much value out of the managed travel program in general."
Insperity's Tangredi also noted the trend toward smaller corporate airline discounts, as airlines have become more selective in deciding which clients get discount programs.
"That's the driver," he said. "Without the ability to leverage significant discounts, companies have begun to allow travelers the flexibility to find the best deal. This means going to multiple [booking] sites." That, of course, complicates attempts to integrate an expense system with bookings.
Tangredi added that some smaller companies may be moving away from reliance on travel management companies in order to avoid TMC fees. In some cases, they "are starting to see there's not much value in it," he said.
Verian senior product manager Ganesh Sundaresan said the expense system provider recognizes the value of booking-expense integration, but not many customers ask for it. Because of the low demand, Verian currently offers only some level of itinerary integration with Tripit—something used by all of four customers.
Howard Jaffe, procurement director of mobile marketing company Velti, said he's "desperate" for the "Holy Grail" of an integrated and global expense management solution, but with only 1,000 employees he finds it difficult to find a suitable option. Velti uses Coupa for expense management and an undisclosed company for booking travel. Employees currently must put a hold on travel bookings until they get an approval number to plug into the booking tool.
"Employees are going back and forth between the two tools," Jaffe said. "That's complicated, so they'll do anything to get around it, even plug in fake numbers [to get approval]. It's good people trying to get their job done."
Velti's search for a global solution is complicated because it would require multiple contracts with different providers in multiple countries, even if it were to hire one TMC, Jaffe said. Negotiating multiple contracts requires consultants, lawyers, time and money—for which many companies like Velti simply don't have the budget.
"It's the amount of travel you're doing that justifies getting the agreements in place," Jaffe explained. "But what if you're a company with less than 1,000 people and only have a few people in procurement? That's expensive. And the reason you're trying to do this is to get a good process in place, but one that saves money."
Concur's Lambert said companies can buy their travel booking solution two different ways. The first is to buy the solution directly from Concur and have a separate TMC contract, a solution favored by some large multinational companies, he said. Or, more commonly, a company will access the Concur booking tool as part of its contract with a TMC.
Lambert added that Concur is rethinking the definition of T&E in the context of its Open Booking project, so that regardless of how or where travelers make bookings, organizations still can capture data to determine what is booked versus actual spend, and to have a global view of T&E.
Tango Card founder and CEO David Leeds said the rewards and gift card software company, which started about four years ago, is "biting the bullet" and integrating travel and booking through Concur. The company has about 25 people and spends about $100,000 a year on travel.
"For us, even though we're small, the primary reason for doing it was to make sure we have a clear policy around how much people are spending and everyone knows what the policy is," Leeds said. "We think we're saving about $5,000 a year total."
Insperity's Tangredi said that while there is value to integrate expense and booking systems, the general mindset about expense reporting must change. Rather than collecting information after the money is spent, it should be about "reviewing, re-educating and retrying."
"The trend is trying to help customers do a better job of trying to control the spending up front, which is first about planning where you're going to spend money, how and why, and then protecting that money by having checks and balances before and when money is spent," Tangredi said. "But it will take a mind shift for companies to think about controlling expenses and not just reporting after the fact."
Embracing Mobile
Similarly, organizations may decide to evolve their views on mobile technology and begin embracing it more rapidly to keep up with traveler preferences and behaviors. According to BTN's survey, 24 percent of respondent organizations found mobile capabilities most important for the company (indicating 5 on an ascending 5-point scale), compared with the 43 percent of respondents who indicated it is of the highest importance for travelers.
Sempra Energy's Davis suggested the lack of mobile expense management adoption primarily is due to associated security concerns, including potential breaches or leaking of personal information. Some organizations that issue mobile phones to travelers block or disallow certain apps from being used on those devices, possibly including Concur's apps (which also include TripIt).
"I believe this is working against progress since these tools can be very helpful," Davis said. "If the employee would like to use the technology badly enough, they will find a way. [Mobile] is the inevitable direction of where we are heading in the future of T&E."
This report originally was published in the July 8, 2013, edition of Business Travel News.
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Exhausted? Overwhelmed? Unable to cope?
Chronic stress and overwork combined with not enough self-care or rest can lead to a very common presentation of adrenal fatigue and burnout. Our adrenal glands are our primary "stress" glands that sit on top of our kidneys and release cortisol in response to stress. The adrenal glands rely on proper communication from the brain to regulate proper cortisol release, a complicated hormonal feedback system termed the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis (or HPA Axis). Both high and low cortisol levels are problematic and can lead to chronic health concerns.
Assessment includes a thorough intake of your symptoms, health history, stressors, and may include specific laboratory testing to rule out other causes of fatigue (there are many) and/or to evaluate your cortisol levels.
*Recovering from burnout or adrenal fatigue is not an overnight process. It is a complex physical and mental state that can include fatigue, anxiety, depression, insomnia, digestive upset, hormonal changes, and much more. A long-term comprehensive plan that addresses your whole self is the key to seeing lasting improvement.


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Lille All Destinations
Explore Lille
Lille Tours
All Lille Tours
Lille Old Town (Vieux Lille) Tours & Tickets
Hospice Comtesse Museum (Musée de l'Hospice Comtesse) Tours & Tickets
Lille Museum of Fine Arts (Palais des Beaux Arts de Lille) Tours & Tickets
Grand Place Tours & Tickets
Lille Town Hall and Belfry (Beffroi de l'Hôtel de Ville de Lille) Tours & Tickets
Lille Métropole Museum of Modern, Contemporary and Outsider Art (LAM) Tours & Tickets
Maison Folie Hospice d'Havré Tours & Tickets
Villa Cavrois
How to Spend 3 Days in Lille
How to Spend 1 Day in Lille
World War I Battlefield Tours from Lille
Deauville City
Things to do in France
60 Avenue du Président John Fitzgerald Kennedy, Hem, Lille, 59510
Visitors can explore the villa on a self-guided tour, where exhibitions detail the building's groundbreaking design, the work of Mallet-Stevens, and the 13-year restoration project completed in the 21st century. A tour takes in the home's spacious interiors, including the kitchen and bedrooms; the view from the rooftop terraces; and the landscaped gardens, featuring a 236-foot-long (72-meter-long) water mirror.
Book skip-the-line tickets in advance for a hassle-free visit.
Entrance to Villa Cavrois is included in the Lille City Pass.
Combination tickets are available for Villa Cavrois, the Manufacture de Roubaix, and the Musée La Piscine de Roubaix.
Audio guides are available, and a video (with English subtitles) tells the story of the restoration.
Some parts of the villa are wheelchair-accessible.
Villa Cavrois is located in Croix, around a 30-minute drive northeast of downtown Lille. Take the tram from the Old Town (Vieux Lille) to the Villa Cavrois stop, from which the villa is about a 10-minute walk.
The villa is open every day except Monday, but it rarely gets overcrowded. Budget travelers can make the most of free admission on the first Sunday of the month, from November to March.
An Architecture Tour of Lille
Other architectural highlights in Lille include the Palais des Beaux-Arts museum, with its elaborate belle epoque facade; the Gothic-style Church of Saint-Maurice; and the 17th-century houses known as Le Rang du Beauregard. Modern landmarks include the Lille Grand Palais concert hall, the work of Koolhaas; the 394-foot-high (120-meter-high) glass-fronted Tour de Lille; and the cylindrical Nouveau Siècle de Lille.
More Tours in Lille
Things to do near Lille
Things to do in Paris
Things to do in Deauville City
More attractions near Lille
La Piscine Museum (Musée d'Art et d'Industrie André Diligent)
La Manufacture de Roubaix
Lille Métropole Museum of Modern, Contemporary and Outsider Art (LAM)
Le Fresnoy National Studio for Contemporary Arts (Le Fresnoy Studio National des Arts Contemporains)
Science Forum (Forum Departmental Des Sciences)
Maison Folie Hospice d'Havré
Museum of the Gunners in Lille (Musée des Canonniers Sédentaires de Lille)
Hospice Comtesse Museum (Musée de l'Hospice Comtesse)
Birthplace of Charles de Gaulle (Maison Natale de Charles de Gaulle)
Lille Cathedral (Cathédrale Notre-Dame-de-la-Treille)
Lille Old Town (Vieux Lille)
Lille Town Hall and Belfry (Beffroi de l'Hôtel de Ville de Lille)
Lille Natural History Museum (Musée d'Histoire Naturelle de Lille)
Lille Museum of Fine Arts (Palais des Beaux Arts de Lille)
Recommended for Lille


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We promote sustainable development of Global Infrastructure in order for all mankind to be able to enjoy a better quality of life in a restored living sphere and environment suitable for the upcoming "global community" ages. With the international society, we conduct research study utilizing wide range of science and technologies, the international personal exchange and the educational program.
The aim is to improve socio-economic conditions of the developing area, as well as the world as a whole, while at the same time human welfare, to conserve the global environment, and sustainable development of global societies.
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