text:
'
' DotNetNuke® - https://www.dnnsoftware.com
' Copyright (c) 2002-2018
' by DotNetNuke Corporation
'
' Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated
' documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
' the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and
' to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
'
' The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions
' of the Software.
'
' THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
' TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
' THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
' CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
' DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
'

Imports System
'Imports System.Configuration
Imports System.Web.Compilation
Imports System.Reflection

Namespace DotNetNuke.UI.Utilities

    Public Class Reflection

#Region "Public Shared Methods"

        Public Shared Function CreateObject(ByVal TypeName As String, ByVal CacheKey As String) As Object

            Return CreateObject(TypeName, CacheKey, True)

        End Function

        Public Shared Function CreateObject(ByVal TypeName As String, ByVal CacheKey As String, ByVal UseCache As Boolean) As Object

            ' dynamically create the object
            Return Activator.CreateInstance(CreateType(TypeName, CacheKey, UseCache))

        End Function

        Public Shared Function CreateObject(Of T)() As T

            ' dynamically create the object
            Return Activator.CreateInstance(Of T)()

        End Function

        Public Shared Function CreateType(ByVal TypeName As String) As Type
            Return CreateType(TypeName, "", True, False)
        End Function

        Public Shared Function CreateType(ByVal TypeName As String, ByVal IgnoreErrors As Boolean) As Type
            Return CreateType(TypeName, "", True, IgnoreErrors)
        End Function

        Public Shared Function CreateType(ByVal TypeName As String, ByVal CacheKey As String, ByVal UseCache As Boolean) As Type
            Return CreateType(TypeName, CacheKey, UseCache, False)
        End Function

        Public Shared Function CreateType(ByVal TypeName As String, ByVal CacheKey As String, ByVal UseCache As Boolean, ByVal IgnoreErrors As Boolean) As Type

            If CacheKey = "" Then
                CacheKey = TypeName
            End If

            Dim objType As Type = Nothing

            ' use the cache for performance
            If UseCache Then
                objType = CType(DataCache.GetCache(CacheKey), Type)
            End If

            ' is the type in the cache?
            If objType Is Nothing Then
                Try
                    ' use reflection to get the type of the class
                    objType = BuildManager.GetType(TypeName, True, True)

                    If UseCache Then
                        ' insert the type into the cache
                        DataCache.SetCache(CacheKey, objType)
                    End If
                Catch exc As Exception
                    ' could not load the type
                    If Not IgnoreErrors Then
                        'LogException(exc)
                        Throw exc
                    End If
                End Try
            End If

            Return objType
        End Function

        Public Shared Function CreateInstance(ByVal Type As Type) As Object
            If Not Type Is Nothing Then
                Return Type.InvokeMember("", System.Reflection.BindingFlags.CreateInstance, Nothing, Nothing, Nothing, Nothing)
            Else
                Return Nothing
            End If
        End Function

        Public Shared Function GetProperty(ByVal Type As Type, ByVal PropertyName As String, ByVal Target As Object) As Object
            If Not Type Is Nothing Then
                Return Type.InvokeMember(PropertyName, System.Reflection.BindingFlags.GetProperty, Nothing, Target, Nothing)
            Else
                Return Nothing
            End If
        End Function

        Public Shared Sub SetProperty(ByVal Type As Type, ByVal PropertyName As String, ByVal Target As Object, ByVal Args() As Object)
            If Not Type Is Nothing Then
                Type.InvokeMember(PropertyName, System.Reflection.BindingFlags.SetProperty, Nothing, Target, Args)
            End If
        End Sub

        Public Shared Function InvokeMethod(ByVal Type As Type, ByVal MethodName As String, ByVal Target As Object, ByVal Args() As Object) As Object
            If Not Type Is Nothing Then
                'Can't use this. in case generic method defined, params match and ambiguous match found error
                'Dim method As MethodInfo = Type.GetMethod(MethodName, Type.GetTypeArray(Args))
                Dim match As Boolean = False
                Dim method As MethodInfo = Nothing
                For Each method In Type.GetMethods()
                    If method.Name = MethodName AndAlso method.IsGenericMethod = False AndAlso method.GetParameters().Length = Args.Length Then
                        If ParamsSameType(method.GetParameters(), Args) Then
                            match = True
                            Exit For
                        End If
                    End If
                Next
                If match AndAlso Not method Is Nothing Then
                    Return method.Invoke(Target, Args)
                End If
            End If
            Return Nothing
        End Function

        Private Shared Function ParamsSameType(ByVal params() As ParameterInfo, ByVal Args() As Object) As Boolean
            Dim match As Boolean = True
            For i As Integer = 0 To Args.Length - 1
                If params(i).ParameterType.IsAssignableFrom(Args(i).GetType()) = False Then
                    match = False
                    Exit For
                End If
            Next
            Return match
        End Function

        Public Shared Function InvokeGenericMethod(Of T)(ByVal Type As Type, ByVal MethodName As String, ByVal Target As Object, ByVal Args() As Object) As T
            If Not Type Is Nothing Then
                Dim method As MethodInfo = Nothing
                For Each method In Type.GetMembers()
                    If method.Name = MethodName AndAlso method.IsGenericMethod Then Exit For
                Next
                If Not method Is Nothing Then
                    Dim genMethod As MethodInfo = method.MakeGenericMethod(GetType(T))
                    Return CType(genMethod.Invoke(Target, Args), T)
                End If
            End If
            Return Nothing
        End Function

#End Region

    End Class

End Namespace

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


It's important to get the basics right. Product innovation pushes past technology, features and functionality to include how the product is created, tested and further evolved. Create a cycle of product innovation to meet new consumer needs, solve consumer pain points and differentiate yourself in the marketplace.
The treasured bedrock of platform companies, data-driven product development underpins iterative product innovation. The approach is only as good as the data that feeds the system, so make sure you instrument products appropriately and that they all drive data back into the development cycle.
Integrating new technologies like AI, AR and VR with traditional products (i.e. live viewing) can deliver experiences that fit into everyday life and create product loyalty. Especially when implemented across devices and applications.
Consumers using your products need to be able to trust that their data is being used responsibly and ethically. They know they make a trade-off between the amount of data they share, the permissions they give and the value they see in return … but they expect you to understand and accept that there's a line you shouldn't step over. You must be clear about the choices you're offering and responsive to changes of mind. And, of course, every product needs security built in from the start.
"Tear down the walls of your product silos. Spread product innovation across your company."
Responsible for Next Gen TV platform strategies; a respected authority in defining innovation roadmaps and agile delivery.
Respected advisor to top executives, focuses on sparking enterprise innovation in media, entertainment and technology.
Fanatical about creating future-focused operations great at data and automation, specifically in media and advertising.


If you don't have the right survival skills to put it into practise, then none the survival preparation and supplies stocking you've been doing will amount to much.
While most of the survival gear you can purchase can replace some of the basic survival skills, you may be faced with a situation where you don't have any gear and you must rely on your own knowledge.
With these basic survival skills, you'll be able to navigate through a survival situation without the comforts and luxuries of modern life.
A true survival situation will put your mind, body, and spirit through the ultimate test, but you and your family have a much better chance of making through if everyone has a grasp on the core survival skills.
In the event that you don't have matches, a lighter, or some kind of fire starter, you'll have to rely on one of the old primitive methods to start a fire. These methods can be very tedious and require a lot of patience.
At first, it may seem impossible to actually get a fire from rubbing sticks together, but with the right amount of time (and friction), you'll eventually get a result.
The fire plow method requires two pieces of wood: a plow stick and a fireboard. Look for very hard and dry pieces of wood. To test how hard the wood is, attempt to make a scratch in it with your fingernail. If it doesn't scratch easily, it's hard.
The fireboard should be about 5 inches or more wide and 1.5 feet long. The plow stick should be about 1 foot long. You'll also need tinder (dried grass, paper, cotton, etc.) and kindle (small sticks).
Gather your tinder and kindling.
Arrange your kindling in a pyramid so you can quickly transfer the embers you create to the main fire area.
Cut a groove (long ways) in your fireboard going from one end to the end.
Create a 45ー angle on the end of the plow stick to help ease the movement.
Place some of your tinder at the far end of the fireboard.
Angle the plow stick at about 45 degrees on the fireboard, and begin moving the fire plow stick back and forth in the groove, but without going all the way to the end of the groove.
a.The reason for this is that you can extinguish an ember by crushing it if you reach the end of the groove. By stopping just short of the end each time, you allow the fine charred particles that you are plowing to build up and form into a glowing ember that will be used to start the fire.
Build up speed and pressure until you begin to see smoke coming from the fireboard. Once you see smoke, continue to build up more speed. As you build up speed, a considerable amount of smoke should build up from the action. Once you see a considerable amount of smoke coming from the action, you may stop and see if you have a glowing ember at the end of the groove that is farthest away from you.
a.If there is not a glowing ember, repeat the process again a time or two to try to get an ember to form.
Add tinder to your ember and once that flame is strong, transfer to the main fire pyramid.
a.You may need to continue adding tinder to keep the flame going.
Building a fire can be done almost anywhere. Finding water isn't always so "simple", and you won't live long without it.
Finding and purifying water is a survival skill everyone should have.
Once you find water, you'll have to purify it. If possible, gather water from the area where it moves the most / fastest as less debris and bacteria can gather here.
Of course, you can boil the water, build a sand filter, or purify by sunlight. Vital survival skills.
Cut the container in half as evenly as possible. Poke several small holes in one of the halves, arranged in a circle.
Layer a piece of fabric, or a few centimeters of gravel or charcoal (from burnt wood) over the holes to prevent sand from getting into your filtered water. These items will also act as another filter and you can combine them to make a better water purification system. Pack these items in as tight as possible to create a better filter.
a.If using charcoal, break and crush into very small pieces.
b.If you don't have any of these items, you could also use grass.
Add at least 6 inches of sand on top of whatever items you're using.
Place the unused half of the container under the holes you made and then pour the water into the "filter". Let the water pass through the filtration system you made (the slower the better).
a.You'll have to do this several times until the water is clear.
Fill a clear container with water the clearest water possible. Place the container on a piece of metal (if available) in the full sun, for at least 6 hours.
If you can wait, a full day of direct sunlight is best. UV radiation will kill bacteria and microorganisms.
Combining the sunlight method and a sand filter is your best survival skill when times are tough.
After getting a water source, you'll need food. Finding food on your own is a valuable survival skill, and luckily, if surviving out in the wild, you could potentially have a large number of options.
If you don't have any experience hunting animals without a gun or bow, chances are, you'll have a pretty hard time doing it with sticks and stones. Sure, you can attempt to hit a small animal with a rock, but any child will tell you that this isn't easy. Instead, you should consider trapping small animals.
To begin setting up a trap, look for tracks, droppings, chewed or rubbed vegetation, nesting or roosting sites, feeding and watering areas. You'll want to place your trap on a well-established path at the most narrow part. Make sure you cover your trap with mud and decomposing vegetation to mask your human scent.
Rigging a simple snare is a useful survival skill. It consists of a noose placed over a trail or den hole and attached firmly to a tree, stump or stake.
This type of snare usually does not kill the animal, so check it every day. Wire is the best choice for a simple snare.
Find the most narrow point of the path and place barriers / makeshift fence that will drive the animal towards the snare.
Tie one end of a strand of wire, string, or rope around the tree, stump, or stake.
Make a loop with the other end of the wire, so that you now have a large circle, almost like a wire lasso, tied to the stake.
Twist the bottom of this loop to form a smaller circle, just large enough for the head of your prey to fit through.
Then fold the smaller circle up so that it is positioned inside the smaller loop. Position the snare over the trail or run that the animal is expected to follow.
Stick to safe plants like blackberries, blueberries, wild carrots, cattails, dandelions, daylilies, and roses. There are hundreds of plants that are safe for eating, so get knowledgeable on these.
If you're starving, you'll eat just about anything, including insects. Avoid insects that sting or bite, are hairy or brightly colored, caterpillars, spiders, ticks, and mosquitoes.
Ants, termites, beetles, grubs, worms, and insect larvae are edible. If possible, place in boiling water before eating. Remove any wings and barbed legs also.
Once you're good and full on a diet of bugs and river water, you should erect some kind of shelter. Shelter building is an essential survival skill and will help protect you from the outside elements.
Remember: the smaller the shelter, the more heat it will retain. Read more about survival shelters here.
If you have the supplies, this is probably the easiest survival skills shelter to build. You'll need a sheet of plastic or something similar and some rope.
Tie the rope between two trees that are about 6 to 10 feet apart.
Drape your tarp over the rope.
Anchor the tarp down with rocks.
This shelter requires a little more time, but it's sturdier than a tarp shelter.
Find a sturdy tree with a Y-shaped fork about three feet up the trunk.
Rest one end of a long, sturdy log in the nook of the tree's Y-shaped fork. Secure it with rope if you have it. This will serve as your shelter's roof support.
Lean smaller sticks against either side of the ridgepole. Start about two feet away from the tree to leave yourself an open entryway. Set the sticks as close together as possible to make a tight shelter.
Add a layer of brush, twigs and thorn vines to the outside of your shelter. This will act as a net-like layer to hold the insulation in place.
Insulate your shelter by adding a thick layer of dead, dry leaves, pine needles, grass or whatever other dry debris you can find.
Insulate the shelter's interior by filling it with dry leaves. Place a large pile of leaves outside the entryway, then crawl inside to pack down the insulation and create a nest for yourself.
Seal yourself inside the shelter by pulling in the leaves from the pile you placed outside the entryway. Seal the opening as tightly as possible to prevent drafts and exposure.
Sniper Style Concealment as taught by the best.
If something should go wrong and you or someone in your group is injured, you need to know how to take action to prevent further emergency. These survival skills are life-savers.
Open the airway by lifting the patient's neck and tilting the head back.
Pinch the nostrils to prevent air leakage.
Place your mouth completely around the victim's mouth and blow, watching for chest expansion.
After removing your mouth, listen for air leaving the patient's lungs and watch for the chest to fall. Check for an airway blockage if the chest does not rise.
To control bleeding, elevate the wounded area above the heart and apply pressure. Use pressure at the pulse point between the injured area and the heart if bleeding fails to stop.
If bleeding still persists, use a tourniquet between the injury and the heart.
After bleeding has been controlled, wash the wounded area with disinfectant and apply a dressing and bandages.
Splint the joints above and below the fracture.
Be sure to pad your splints.
Cover all open wound with a clean dressing before splinting.
When water is scarce, heat exhaustion can occur, resulting in nausea, faintness, a weak, rapid pulse and/or cold and clammy skin.
Lie the patient down in the shade and give small sips of water.
Here is a great video from one of the best slingshot marksmen ever.


What is your Forecast Accuracy worth?
As a consultant, I get asked this question a variety of times. Why should we improve forecast accuracy? What is it worth to us? What is the business case to spending money to improve the process and implement some expensive demand planning software?
There is value in this for sure – the evidence comes from the fact that year-after-year companies continue to hire more demand planners and invest millions of dollars in putting together processes and software packages. Now to dissect this, let us look at the Service-Cost Balance model that we preach in our workshops.
1. Increasing the top-line – Improve customer fulfillment and delivery and increase the level of Sales. Nothing works like reputation or service performance. People flock to your company products and services if they are satisfied with what you offer. The converse will be painful – bad news spread like wild fire.
2. Improve the bottom-line through process efficiency – Optimize inventories by trimming the level of inventories, cutting obsolescence and producing just enough to meet your demand.
3. Eliminate process costs – Expediting, over-time that may otherwise be required to fulfill volatile and unpredicted customer demand.
Now if we want to quantify the benefits from forecast accuracy, it is difficult to quantify the first item. What is our lost sales? What is the effect of one point reduction in fill rates? Did it cause lost sales? Did we lose a customer?
It is a little easier to look at the savings in inventory through improvements in forecast accuracy.
But your average inventory = Safety Stock + Lead time demand or (order quantity if you are using the min-max method to deploy).
We can find a relationship between the amount of safety stock you can decrease for each percent point reduction in Forecast Error, since forecast error figures directly in the Safety Stock calculation.
From simple calculus, the effect of one unit reduction in Forecast Error is just the product of Service Level Constant * Sqrt (Lead-time). So at 98% service level with a lead time of say two months, the effect of one unit reduction in Forecast Error is 2.90 Units.
What is the impact of a % point reduction in MAPE? The answer depends on the level of your current forecast quality.
However, the relationship of inventory reduction to your current MAPE Level is not linear. The calculation on the reduction in inventory is a function of your current level of forecasting. This determines the quantity of inventory reduced for each percent point improvement in Forecast error.
If you are at 50% MAPE on average currently, the reduction would be 2% of inventories for each point improvement in forecast error. IF you are at 25% MAPE currently, the improvement will be 4% for each point reduction.
This is actually a conservative estimate since it considers only the safety stock component of the total inventory.
If your forecast is an over-estimate of the Lead time demand, then you carry additional inventory not accounted for in the above calculation. This will also introduce obsolescence risk.
So a lower bound is to just use the reduction in safety stock but being aware that a better forecast will also allow you to deploy better to the lead time demand. Better forecast can also help you reduce production and logistics costs such as over-time and expediting costs.
So if you have $200MM in inventory and let us assume that 25% of that total is safety stock then you have $50MM in safety stock.
A reduction of 10 point MAPE will result in a reduction of $10MM in safety stock. 10 point MAPE reduciton =20% reduction in Safety Stock or $10MM assuming currently your average MAPE is 50%.
Again this does not consider any reductions in the inventory carried to cover lead time demand (particularly due to forecast bias) or obsolescence that results from unsold inventory. Obsolescence is a bigger risk since you lose all of the inventory investment.
Next question is what does the reduction of $10MM in inventory really mean to you? This completely depends on the inventory carrying cost for your company.
Inventory carrying cost can be any where between 12% to 40% per year. So in financial terms, a $10MM reduction in inventory could result in bottom line improvement of $1.2MM (at 12% carrying cost) to $4MM.
Now we are talking real dollars……………..
Let us try to save some of those costs by bettering the demand plans!
Why companies carry excessive amounts of inventory?
If all works well, then it is a perfect world. You carry just the right amount of inventory to service your customers at 99% and get away with very minimal working capital. Obviously, your low cash-to-cash cycle should result in larger portion of your Gross Margins go to your Net Margins………..
Forecasting problems – not knowing what the customers need. This may also result in some obsolescence.
Forecast Bias – Just keeping the forecasts high generally on everything.
Sudden Demand reduction due to market place volatility or losing a key customer.
Economies of Scale in production – Higher lot sizes are way too attractive to resist.
Excessive inventory can also be carried as a price Hedge. Steel prices are expected to rise and quantities may even be in short supply. So you buy up and keep more of it.
Life time Buys – Rare earth materials or a supplier that is close to a single source is facing financial difficulties.
Utilities some times carry spare parts inventory for the next 100 years. Perhaps one or two ancient grids use these parts. If we stock out of these parts, the Utility has no choice but to scrap the old grid and build a new one. The opportunity cost may actually outweigh many times over the cost of carrying these parts.
Excess inventory can also result from supplier uncertainty. If supplier does not meet schedule or if the lead time is time varying over a period, you have to carry more inventory to meet the uncertainty in supply.
There is perhaps another reason but really a different version of the price hedge. IF suppliers offer a quantity discount, then that ends up lowering your cost of production with the consequent higher price to pay on the inventory carrying cost.
The punch here is the lowered cost per unit from the discount that applies to your consumption as well. This may result in ordering and carrying a quantity much higher than the dictated EOQ. Now here comes the distinction between items above the COGS line and items below. If a quantity discount is offered, this lowers the COGS and boosts the Gross Margin. You may have to order more than your calculated EOQ to avail the discount.


WT A′ 1103 generates broadcast transmission request signal 1104 which is received and recovered by WT B 1105 and WT C 1107.
The plurality of switches 60a-b are for regulating the transmission of signals between summing circuits within the same symmetrical group.
The TV receiver 110 determines which communication channel is available based on the recognized IDs, selects one available communication channel (ID), and transmits it to the remote controller 150 from the transmission section 17.
Further, in an example implementation, the uplink scheduler is configured to generate the uplink grant message to include an uplink transmission allocation prioritization value for the uplink L3 message.
For example, if decoding is not successful, the received transmission 301 can be determined to be defective.
In the example above, the server side player 201 tries to stay ahead of the AFR and would know that it has fallen behind if, for example, the server side player 201 has sent 30 seconds of data and 30 seconds have elapsed since the last transmission, the server side player 201 immediately knows that it has fallen behind.
transmission of the amplified pilot signal allows the hardware to reliably lock to the pilot signal and to prepare for demodulation of the upcoming data transmission.
When the port-transmission/reception control unit 62 of the slave station D receives the port control frame, the port-transmission/reception control unit 62 performs, according to contents of the port control frame, processing for disabling the second port D2 (step S222).
By coordinating transmission phasing the four illustrated waveforms arrive in the volume of treatment 10, portion 26, in phase so that the waves, and thus their deposited energies, constructively reinforce each other.
Mobile terminal 1002 can also include a modulator 1018 that can multiplex a signal for transmission by a transmitter 1020 through antenna(s) 1008.
The transmission of the incoming mail information from the cellular phone device 3 to the in-vehicle handsfree device 2 may be performed by using MAP and may be performed by using a data transfer function of HFP.
A drive motor 230 is drivingly connected by a mechanical transmission 231 to the pole piece rotor 216 so that it can rotate the pole piece rotor 216 at a speed which can be controlled and varied to control the gear ratio of the gear.
As exemplified in FIG. 1, in a data transmission system of the first embodiment, a central control unit Ml and a plurality of terminals M2 are connected by a transmission line.
For transmission in the opposite direction, a second encoder 106 encodes digitized speech samples s(n), which are transmitted on a communication channel 108.
Specifically, the mobile terminal A disables the network connection of instant communication and stops reception and transmission of data and monitoring the reception port.
Next, concrete configurations of the transmission apparatus and the receiver apparatus of the wireless communication system according to the first embodiment will be described.
6. The tunable laser of claim 1 wherein the thermally tunable filter comprises a tuning range wide enough to selectively pass signals in an entire optical communications transmission band.
The camera 150 is used to take image data and provide the taken image data to the central processing unit 100, for use in a conventional manner, such as storage, and transmission, etc.
However, although the unicast data transmission 122 is addressed to the sink computing device 112, the transmission 122 is also received by each of the other computing devices 114.
14. The communication method according to claim 13, wherein a power line is used as the transmission channel to perform power line communication.
When the transmission abnormality is not present in the optical fiber cable 31, the control unit 55c controls the switching unit 81c to cause the switch 85 to switch the destination of outputting the pixel information output by the light receiving part 28 via the AFE unit 36 to the line R1 side connected to the optical fiber cable 31.
Power transmission from the power supply facility 200 to the vehicle 100 is explained next.
On the outer side of the rear case half 26b of the crank case 26, i.e., on the transmission case 15 side, a drive gear 163 is fixed on a portion, near the rear case half 26b, of the crank shaft 28.
It is to be noted that, where the automatic shift mode of the sport mode is selected, the automatic transmission controlling section 184 changes over the shift gear stage of the automatic transmission 168 using the sport mode shift map 242.
In particular, starting the engine while the transmission is in a higher gear having a lower gear ratio (e.g. fourth gear having a ratio of 1:1) may limit the amount of engine torque that is transmitted through the transmission to wheels of a vehicle.
. When the terminal's transmission signals are adjusted to arrive synchronized at the base station, the calculated timing-advance instruction sent to adjust the wireless terminal's transmission is equivalent to the round-trip time of the signal travel time between the base station and the wireless terminal.
System throughput is improved because only the transmit data streams receiving NACK signals will be retransmitted, or only the antennas (unreliable antennas) transmitting these particular data streams receiving NACK signals will perform retransmissions, while the transmit antennas transmitting data streams receiving ACK signal (reliable antennas) will transmit new data streams.
If pieces of response information are received from multiple terminals, the communication controller B24 specifies a terminal, which has transmitted response information fastest after the transmission of the notification information, as the forwarding destination of the connection request signal.
It is thus possible to more effectively reduce the influence of the electromagnetic coupling between the transmission terminal 52 and the first reception terminal 54.
For example, transmission of second stream 570 may be disabled in the single-stream transmit diversity mode by setting s0=s1=0.
The motor torque control scheme 340 controls motor torque commands of the first and second electric machines 56 and 72 to transfer a net commanded output torque to the output member 64 of the transmission 10 that meets the operator torque request.
Shifting the transmission 12 to a safe operating mode includes disabling the respective trim valve T1-T4 and, thus, associated clutch C1-C4, that is in operative communication with the pressure switch S1-S4 that unintentionally toggled.
The continuously-variable transmission 40 is mainly comprised of a cylinder block 41, an oil hydraulic pump 42, an oil hydraulic motor 43, an output shaft 44, a first output gear 45, and a second output gear 46.
Specifically, in step S16, the first clutch CL1 coupling the engine Eng and the motor/generator MG is released, and in step S17, the gear ratio of the automatic transmission CVT is returned to the gear ratio in effect when engine stop control was initiated.
In an embodiment of the razor blade unit according to the invention, the adjusting mechanism comprises linked bars serving as a transmission element.
5. The transmission of claim 4 wherein the vent passage includes an axially extending portion connected to the second passage and a radially extending portion.
Because the external tab portion 25 is fixed to, or is part of the second transmission member 9, the second transmission member 9 is also rotationally fixed relative to the head-tube 2.
The torque transmission between electric motor 13 and flow regulating device 11 occurs via a speed reduction transmission 9.
FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the cable winch of FIG. 1, wherein for the sake of clarity the cable drum 2, the transmission 2b and the electric motor 2a are not shown.
The fastening cylinder 8 ensures a reliable plug-in connection and transmission of force between the mask body 1 and the holding device.
Moreover, a left rotation transmission member 20L is attached to the left slider member 19L, and a right rotation transmission member 20R is attached to the right slider member 19R.
The invention also provides the use of an agent of the invention, in the treatment of disorders associated with irregularities of the glutamatergic signal transmission, and of nervous system disorders mediated full or in part by mGluR group I receptors, such as mGluR5 or mGluR1.
On the other hand, when pressure at the second diaphragm 128 side is high, the force transmission shafts 130 and 134 act to push the central region 126a of the first diaphragm 126 toward the outside of the housing 12 and the pressure sensing element 40 receives extensional stress.
Thus, if a negative determination is made in step ST1 or ST2, the first driving pump 51 is already being driven to increase oil pressure for the power transmission mode adjusting device to be engaged.
transmission electron microscopy:The testis was cut into fragments (1mm X 1mm X 1mm), fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde made up in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.2), postfixed in 1.0% OsO4, dehydrated in a progressive ethanol and acetone solution, embedded in Epon812, sectioned with LKB ultramicrotome, and stained with urangl acetate followed by lead citrate, then observed with H-600 microscopy and photographed.
(3) Cell morphology observation, MTT method, HE staining and transmission electromicroscope were used to study the mechanism of the inhibition of A375 cells proliferation by the extract Q2.Results: (1) The percent content of the Vernonia anthelmintica Willd.
On the right-side voltage non-application section 120, light in the direction parallel to the transmission axis 161 of the polarized light separator 160' in light 125 incident as external light is transmitted by the polarized light separator 160' as linearly polarized light.
As discussed below, infrared light source 302 generates infrared light that at least falls within the second transmission window 204 of optical filter 104.
converting the first set of at least one received transmission time to a first set of at least one converted time based on common timing applicable for multiple wireless access types.
Data of messages used when the accounting means 322 communicates with the AAA server 250 are converted by the AAA interface 323 to conform to the corresponding transmission and reception protocol.
In addition, a reference number 14 indicates a transmission chip, which includes a parallel/serial conversion logic 14a converting parallel data into serial data and a drive logic 14b performing optical transmission of the converted serial data.
The second arm 30 includes a second spindle 31, a second motor 32 to rotate the second spindle 31, a third spindle 33, a third motor 34 to rotate the third spindle 33, a transmission mechanism 35, a threaded rod 36, a nut 37, a fourth motor 38, a fourth spindle 39 rotated by the fourth motor 38, and a bearing unit 40.
The receiving part (6) is connected to the transmission (7) in a rotatable manner.
Consequently, the transmission means are connected, at one end, to the inner ring 10 and the outer ring 12 of a respective bearing configuration 8 and, at the other end, to positioning means.
FIG. 7 is a partial side elevation view and FIG. 8 is a partial top plan view of the power transmission means of the embodiment of FIG. 7.
If the transmission piston 17 is to be returned to its start position merely by using the feed force of the feed device 8, the required feed force can be decreased by connecting the chamber 16a to the pressure of the pressure medium container through a connecting channel 31 arranged between the chamber 16a and the flow channel marked by arrow B3.
For example, the transmitter may send a known signal to the receiver, which allows the receiver to identify the transmission medium's effects on the known signal.
Referring to FIG. 1, a primary station 10 transmits data or other information to one or more secondary stations, identified as secondary station A 12, secondary station B 14, and secondary station C 16, on a transmission medium, referred to as a downstream channel 18.
Examples of the computer readable recording medium include read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), CD-ROMs, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, optical data storage devices, and carrier waves or signal (e.g., wired or wireless data transmission through the Internet).
The camera control unit 2 and the camera head unit 1 are connected by a transmission cable 3 composed of optical fibers and triacs.
Increasing the active current to pre-fault levels without appropriately increasing the reactive current can result in voltage collapse of the transmission system 136.
The output section produces an image signal output being differential signaling between a pixel output from the imaging element section when the transmission/block section is in the transmission state, and a pixel output from the imaging element section when it is in the blocking state.
Next, microwaves having a predetermined frequency, for example, 2.45 GHz, generated by the microwave generating device 39 are radiated from the slot-shaped microwave radiation holes 32 passing through the planar antenna 31 into a space above the wafer W in the chamber 1 through the transmission plate 28.
In yet another embodiment, the multilayer films have a water vapor transmission rate that is less than about 20 g/m2/day measured by ASTM method F1249.
When light transmitted through the polarizing plate 5 is incident on the first image forming areas 21 and the second image forming areas 22 of the liquid crystal panel 6, transmission light of the first image forming areas 21 becomes image light for the right eye image (hereinafter abbreviated as "right eye image light") and transmission light of the second image forming areas 22 becomes image light for the left eye image (hereinafter abbreviated as "left eye image light").
In this manner, the transmission property is resisted from being transmitted across a wall of the container 60 when the container 60 is closed.
1) It is easy to properly design a propagation channel (a waveguide structure) between the transmission side and the reception side.
It is assumed that the transmitting terminal 10A depicted in FIG. 7 and the receiving terminal 20A depicted in FIG. 8 are connected to each other through an optical transmission path.
Dogs and rodents have a particularly important role in transmission to humans, and the number of infected patients is as many as 12 million people in 88 countries, with 350 million people being exposed to the danger of infection.
In any network of this kind, the round-trip propagation time for a signal between the sending and receiving stations is substantially equal, ignoring processing times, to the reaction time of the power regulation system, which separates the time of transmission of data by the sending station from a subsequent time of correction of the power at which data is transmitted on the basis of measurement of the received signal.
Gain of the equivalent propagation path that also regards gain by the spectrum shaping on the side of the transmission device as the propagation path is expressed by a formula (3) in the case of the transmission device 1, for example.
As shown in FIG. 1, the power train is constituted mainly by an engine 100, a first motor generator (MG1) 200, a power distribution mechanism 300 that combines or distributes the torque between the engine 100 and the first motor generator 200, a second motor generator (MG2) 400, and a transmission 500.
FIG. 4 shows a first option 400 for a pressure control system for a hydraulically-controlled component 410 within the powertrain of the vehicle 300 including but not limited to the transmission 304.
Joint 410 is connected through a transmission system 420 to an actuator 440, so that joint 410 is remote from actuator 440, e.g., joint 410 may be at a distal end of the instrument while actuator 440 is at the proximal end of the instrument.
13. The drivetrain according to claim 12, wherein the input transmission shaft (23) is supported by a bearing.
System 14 can be used to actuate components of a dual clutch transmission system or an automatic transmission system as desired.
The hybrid vehicle of the embodiment discussed above changes over the position of the change-speed gear in the transmission 100 according to the map shown in FIG. 11 and regulates the torque of the motor 20, thereby attaining the braking control at a desired deceleration in a wide range corresponding to a driver's requirement.
The transmission 16 includes an output shaft 20 drivingly coupled to a vehicle drive shaft 22 by a universal joint 24 for driving the drive axle assembly.
The large torsion springs 74 serve to transmit power between the driven plate 73 and the piston 71 via the retaining plate 72, and to absorb and to damp torsional vibration, and are disposed on the transmission side of the piston 71.
While the performance of the CVT car is determined by TCU (transmission control unit), which is the control unit of CVT. Therefore, the performance of comfort, economy and power is greatly related to the performance of TCU.
This is because there exist plastics which exhibit a higher transmission than that of glass, which are lighter and which have a satisfactory impact strength.
In the writing device 3 of the present embodiment, the communication unit 38 has a first transmission mode, as a writing-side main communication unit, that transmits main data by a wireless communication using a wireless signal with a first electrical intensity level.
The wireless LAN terminal 50 receives a busy tone signal from the base station 10 during the sensing period while the transmission processing is prohibited, and uses the signal strength of the busy tone signal as a basis to set the transmission power of the uplink signal transmitted using the shared frequency band to fall within the interference permissible level of the base station.
FIG. 25 is a graph illustrating intensity in the direction of 0 deg (transmission characteristic) in a case where the cutting angle q is 135 deg.
In addition, at edge regions of a cell, due to attenuation of wireless signal strength and interferences between adjacent cells, communication quality of the UE is poor and the error rate of the wireless transmission will increase when the US is at edges of the cell.
The image forming device D displays an image by controlling transmission/non-transmission of the light emitted from these light emitting elements by the light transmission control unit.
The image light collected by the concave mirror 152 passes through the transmission area provided in the inclined surface 181 of the ceiling-plate recessed portion 180 formed in the ceiling plate 240.
The light transmission member 141 may be a kind of bracket coupled to a back surface of a bottom cover 135 of the display module 13.
Here, the light transmission auxiliary member 145 may be formed of an optical fiber or optical fiber bundle or a transparent plastic such as polycarbonate.
This duct is preferably made of quartz (SiO.sub.2) but it could be made of any other material provided that such material (1) is capable of withstanding high hydraulic pressures and (2) it allows transmission of UV light having a wave length of about 189 nm.
Black display electrodes 46B are provided in regions corresponding to the non-visible light transmission black portions 53 described later on the same layer as the pixel electrodes 46A.
Consequently, the diameter of the light transmission path 52, i.e., the aperture diameter of the diaphragm is increased to the maximum diameter of D3 (>D2).
In addition, the surface electrode layer 12 can be a transparent conductive film with optical transmission properties, and a transparent conductive oxide material such as stannous oxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), or indium tin oxide (hereinafter, "ITO") can be used.
Although the dimension of the indicating plate for watch 120 is to be decided depending on the size of the watch and is not particularly limited, it is preferred that, as for wristwatches, the diameter range from 10 to 35 mm with the shape either circular or deformed (e.g., rectangular, etc.) and that the thickness range from 200 to 500 .m u.m so that, as described later, the transmission of light contributing to power generation is in the range of 10 to 60%.
the overall light transmission factor (TL), calculated between 380 and 780 mm, taking into consideration the illuminant D65 as defined by the ISO/CIE 10526 standard and the CIE 1931 standard colorimetric observer as defined by the ISO/CIE 10527 standard.
Numerals 105 is a transmission line linking the master 102 and the MCCU 108, numeral 107 is a transmission line linking the slave 103 and the CCU 109, and numeral 107 is a transmission line linking the slave 104 and the CCU 110.
Preferably, when the first television camera is used in combination with a camera control apparatus, the video signal inputted to the second television camera through the transmission line is a return signal of a camera control apparatus of the first television camera.
The secondary drive shaft 2.1 is connected via the torsional vibration damper 7 with the input side of the torque transmission means 8.1.
Thus, when the paper P is fed again, the roller shaft 11a is supposed to be rotated both by the normal rotation transmission 20 and the reverse rotation transmission 30 at different speeds.
Also, the first planetary gear 95 is displaced to the meshing position, as shown in FIG. 10, with the normal rotation (first direction rotation of the sun gear 94) of the transport driving roller 35, and rotationally drives the transmission gear 75b in the counterclockwise direction of FIG. 10.
The present invention is an anti-reflective composite having very high visible light transmission and negligible visible reflectance over 400 nm-800 nm wavelengths.
In combination, the first and second packets may have a significant amount of reflection and transmission (e.g., internal transmission, averaged over the extended wavelength range, in a range from 5-95%) for the normally incident light, and similar partial reflection and transmission for oblique light, e.g., p-polarized light incident from air at a 60 degree angle in a plane containing the first principal axis.
In some cases, the average effective transmission of optical stack 2800 is not less as compared to an optical stack that has the same construction except for having smooth second and fourth major surfaces.
The light redirecting film had an average effective transmission of about 1.633.
In some cases, such as when light redirecting film 100 is used in a display system to increase the brightness and the linear prisms have an index of refraction that is greater than about 1.6, the average effective transmission (ETA) of the light redirecting film is not less than about 1.5, or not less than about 1.55, or not less than about 1.6, or not less than about 1.65, or not less than about 1.7, or not less than about 1.75, or not less than about 1.8, or not less than about 1.85.
DDIC 122 and DDIC 132 use clock signal CLKIN to synchronize transmission and reception of information conducted via nodes DMASTER and DSLAVE.
The transdermal antenna may conduct the received data transmissions to a relay mechanism located outside of the body using coaxial cables, waveguides or a combination of both.
The signal conditioning device comprises a transmission line with a first switch that has a position responsive to a control, the position comprises a first position for conducting the upstream bandwidth from the premise, and a second position for terminating the upstream bandwidth.
For determination of the actual pressure in the compressed air container 45, a pressure sensor 79 is there positioned, where its measured signal can be conducted via a sensor cable 80 to the control device 38 and/or to the transmission control device 66.
The undesired RF currents are conducted over the two wire (tip and ring) transmission line 20 in common mode fashion.
A controller 12 may be configured to receive inputs from engine 10, as shown in more detail in FIG. 1, and accordingly control a torque output of the engine and/or operation of the torque converter, transmission, clutches, and/or brakes.
The crankshaft 15 of the engine 1 is coupled to a transmission (not shown) via a torque converter (or a clutch), and the like, and is able to transmit power from the engine 1 to drive wheels of the vehicle via the transmission.
A representative example will be an automatic transmission combining a torque converter and a planetary gear device together as has been widely used as the power transmission device for the so-called automatic vehicles (AT vehicles).
Torque converter 22 is also coupled to transmission 24 via turbine shaft 23.
The illuminating device 3 is attached to the display element 2, and they are integrated into a transmission type display device 1 in which illumination light from the illuminating device 3 is incident to the display element 2.
FIG. 1 shows organic electroluminescent device A of a transmission type in which luminescent light 20 passes through a cathode 3, and the light 20 can also be observed from a side of-a protective layer 4.
Examples of the proximity sensor 141 may include a transmission type photoelectric sensor, direct reflection type photoelectric sensor, mirror reflection type photoelectric sensor, high frequency oscillation type proximity sensor, capacitive type proximity sensor, magnetic type proximity sensor, infrared proximity sensor, or the like.
A size of the particles was investigated by using the transmission electron microscope (TEM). Then, the particles had a needle shape in which a major axis length was approximately 200 to 350 nm, a minor axis length (diameter) was 5 to 6 nm, and an aspect ratio was 40 to 60.
FIG. 1 is a transmission electron microscopic image of a silica sol after heating in (c) at 128.d egree. C. in Example 4 (particle diameter DL1: 31.8 nm; particle diameter DB1: 8.7 nm; and DL1/DB1: 3.7).
When the data for transmission is saved, the operation proceeds to the next step S323, and if the data for transmission is not saved, the operation proceeds to step S325.
transmission environment information (communication parameters indicative of transmission environments) will be described in the case of using transmission packet error rate, re-transmission rate, or transmission transfer rate.
To be more specific, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, the light transmission region E3 of the light leak restriction hole 50, through which light passes, is formed to be narrower by the maximum displacement amount R1, in consideration of the maximum displacement amount R1 in rotational movement of the first circular hole 21a which is caused by the rotation of the second wheel 20, when the second wheel 20 rotates by the minimum angle (12.degree.) at every timing (2 seconds) of light detection by the detector 13 and the first circular hole 21a rotates to a position where the first circular hole 21a is apart from the detection position P.
The end users (EUs) also send upstream signals over the lines 130, 140, 150, 160 to the remote splitter 19 which further forwards that information to CO/HE 10 over the single transmission line 104.
Returning to Step S683, when it is determined that there does not exist a transmission failed device (Step S683; No), the quick connection unit 324 of the mobile phone 3 shifts the processing to Step S706 to terminate the processing in the quick mode.
Similar to launch device 12 of FIGS. 1 and 2, the centripetal clutch 22 may have offset springs designed to provide a spring force that holds back the arms of the clutch from engagement with the driven member 26 at idle stall (i.e., when transmission input member 40 is not yet moving, ensuring that there is zero or very low torque capacity at idle stall, producing a passive "neutral idle" effect).
When a differential signal is transmitted through the write wiring pattern W1 (the wiring traces W1a, W1b) and the write wiring pattern W2 (the wiring traces W2a, W2b), transmission loss due to proximity effects increases as decreasing the distance between the wiring traces W1a, W2b and the distance between the wiring traces W1b, W2a in a high frequency region.
In particular, the scheduler unit 508 processes information 514, 518 and 520 to account for effects of the beam-jitter on the estimated CQIs and obtain a jitter-adjusted CQI estimates which are used to determine the transmission rate 522 and determine a beam selection 524 to enable user data 514 to be transmitted to the chosen user terminal 502a.
15. The light emitting device array module according to claim 13, wherein the protective layer contains moisture-proof material having a moisture transmission rate of 5 to 800 g/m2 every 24 hours.
At a water vapor transmission rate higher than 60 g/m2/24 hours, the surface of the cheese may dehydrate too much resulting in a thick dehydrated surface (dry-rind).
Further, as the light transmission ratio of the polyesters was 100% for any wavelength, it was also found that they had sufficient light transmission ratio.
The oxygen atom content, the nitrogen atom content, the silicon atom content (excluding the formed article 17), the film density (excluding the formed article 17), the water vapor transmission rate, and the total light transmittance of the formed articles 1 to 20 obtained in Examples 1 to 15 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were measured.
In at least one exemplary embodiment, barrel 104 can be made of polyethylene even though polyethylene may only allow about 10% UV transmission.
The planet carrier 14 of the continuously variable transmission has a cylindrical inner sleeve 79 which at its left hand end carries a shaped tubular input member 11 which carries a drive sprocket 62 and is itself borne by bearings 66 on the stationary shaft 61 and carries an outer casing 64 via bearings 63, 71.
To engage the third drive range for forward drive that comes after the second drive range in the transmission device 4 according to FIG. 8, the two parts 15A and 15B of the main transmission shaft 15 that can be uncoupled from one another in the area of the shift element 56 have to be connected in a rotationally fixed manner with one another and in addition the loose wheel 58 has to be connected in a rotationally fixed manner by the shift element 65 to the countershaft 23.
The continuously variable transmission mechanism 10, as explained with reference to FIG. 1, is made up of a drive pulley 5 and a driven pulley 8, whose pulley widths can be respectively variably set by means of hydraulic pressures or the like and a metal V-belt 7 fitted around the drive pulley 5 and the driven pulley 8, whereby it becomes possible to steplessly vary the transmission ratio by variably setting the pulley widths.
Wind turbine systems with a variable gear based on a hydrostatic transmission system between the wind turbine rotor and the electric generator is known from background art.
31. A continuously variable transmission system including the transmission system IV according to claim 4, and the transmission adjustment system according to any one of claims 5 to 10, in which a method of coupling the transmission system and the transmission adjustment system and an input/output method are selected.
When N31=1, the control unit 122 continues the voice call conducted by the radio unit 104 and the transmission/reception unit 105 (S1111), and controls the TV reception unit 101 and the recording control unit 116 so that the television recording is started instead of the television display (S1112).
A telephone 12 is connected to the line control/data transmission unit 6 on the side of the launderette 2, and a telephone 11 is connected to the line control/data transmission unit 4 on the side of the management company 1 so as to be used for telephone communication.
Meanwhile, along with the development of mobile communication services beyond voice call or message transmission, portable terminals are now considered a necessity and various services are available through the portable terminals.
Preferably, a bidirectional information sharing server that stores the first and second sharing information so as to be automatically transmitted to the mobile phone of the called party and receives the signal as to whether the call connection is performed so as to perform the automatic transmission from the mobile phones of the first and second users.
The electric power transmission and distribution facility 15 is formed of electric wires, a smart grid, and an electric storage device 26, and is connected to the electric power meter 9 through the electric power cable 14.
In this case, the power source 64 of the electric power information management apparatus 80 receives supply of the electric power from the electric power transmission and distribution facility 15 through the electric power cable 13.
With MAC layer data aggregation, each component carrier has its own independent hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) entity in the MAC layer and its own transmission configuration parameters (e.g., transmitting power, modulation and coding schemes, and multiple antenna configuration) in the physical layer.
39. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the transmission configuration involves transmission of a Multimedia Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe.
An output of the nuclear-generated electric power 15 from the power generator 951 is received, via the power transmission/distribution network 980, as an input of household power supply 18 to the power supply converter 160 at the individual residence 100.
The optical performance of the individual displays 430 may be altered with respect to contrast and transmission by adjusting the applied voltage to the negative voltage inputs 1870 of the individual display modules 100.
The radiation damage of BaF_2 crystals has been investigated through the changes in theiroptical transmission before and after γ-ray irradiation.
The reflective layer may, for example, have a physical thickness of about 1 to about 500 nm, light transmission at 500 nm of about 0 to about 80%, and reflectance at 500 nm of about 100 to about 20%.
One of these factors is the inherent limitation of the TCO thin film conductivity, whereby it has been found that attempts to increase the conductivities are hampered by a simultaneous decrease in light transmission through the TCO thin film, which, in turn, decreases the efficiency of the PV device.
FIG. 3 compares transmission at 550 nm to sheet resistivity for a series of samples made as described above.
In order to improve the transmission ratio and decrease the volume and the cost of the driving motor, there are two sets of belt transmissions.
In conventional belt drives, the belt tension is realized such that a sufficiently reliable torque transmission between the pulleys on the driven side and the driving side of the belt can be ensured for all conceivable operating states of the belt drive.
The rotational movement is implemented by means of a motor M installed in the bridge element 103 and a belt pulley W arranged in the arm 201, with the transmission of one or several belts.
Power synchronizing mechanism 10 is especially configured for use with those compound transmissions comprising main section and auxiliary countershafts, 58 and 60, which are coaxially aligned.
In the main transmission section 12, the input shaft 18 carries an input gear 20 for driving at least one countershaft assembly 22.
Referring to FIG. 2, compound change gear mechanical transmission 100 is an eighteen forward speed transmission comprising a main transmission section 12A, identical, or substantially identical, to main transmission section 12 described above in reference to prior art transmission 10.
Clutches C1 70 and C3 73 preferably comprise hydraulically-controlled stationary devices that can be selectively grounded to a transmission case 68.
A rod 27, 27 extending toward one side along said axial center line X, X is coupled with the trunnion 25, 25, and a shift control unit 110 which includes the roller 23, 23 through the rod 27, 27 and the trunnion 25, 25 is attached on the side of the transmission case 100.
As will be understood from FIG. 2, the first and second transmission housing spaces S1 and S2 that are partitioned by transmission case 8c are communicated through both an open part where primary pulley bearing 82c for bearing primary pulley 21 is arranged and another open part where secondary pulley bearing 83c for bearing secondary pulley 22 is arranged.
On the upper side of the power transmission case 80 is firmly attached a gear shift driving motor 60, with its drive shaft 60a protruding into the gear shift driving chamber 82 on the left side.
Also, the protective layer may have a lower transmission factor of laser beams used for microfabrication of the catalyst layers than that of the substrate.
calculation of the integral of the transmission function with respect to energy, thus forming at least a first transmission coefficient (.alpha.1) and a second transmission coefficient (.alpha.2).
The amplitude reflection coefficient and the amplitude transmission coefficient of all layers in the first region can be represented by the following (Expression 12) to (Expression 17).
As a simple example, the numerical results for three branches are given, which show the application of the formula and illustrate the transmission probability resonances in such structures.
is the azimuth angle measured with respect to the direction, of the polarizers, rp and rs are the complex, reflection coefficients of the object surface for P and S polarization states (known as the "Fresnol reflection coefficients"), tp and ts are the transmission coefficients for P and S polarization states for the round, trip through the interference objective 106 and the main beam splitter 112 and Eout is the complex amplitude of the electric field.
Electrical grid 26 may include an electrical distribution grid, an electrical transmission grid, or any other type of electrical grid configured for delivering electricity.
In known networks the energy delivery takes place through the transmission grid (HV) via HV transformers to the distribution grid and through distribution transformers to the LV and final users.
Connector 26 may include any type of device capable of coupling together genset 22, transmission network 24, and load 12.
Optical transmission (e.g., Tvis, etc.) also may be measured (step S1048).
FIG. 13 is a graph illustrating a transmission ratio in accordance with a retardation of the blue-phase liquid crystal layer 103 in FIG. 10.
84. The optical stack of claim 75 having an effective transmission that is not less than about 2.25.
On both ends of filter draw 21, each of the two filters 28, 29 have a completely vapor-deposited area with the smallest transmission factor, said area having at least the diameter x of the beam path.
The light redirecting film had an average effective transmission of about 1.761.
FIG. 11 is the measurement result of spectral transmission spectrum before and after evaluation 3 (heat and humidity resistance test) in Example 8.
FIG. 26 is the measurement result of spectral transmission spectrum before and after evaluation 3 (heat and humidity resistance test) in Comparative Example 1.
Curve 2301 of FIG. 23 illustrates the transmission spectrum of untreated mirror film.
FIG. 9 is the measurement result of spectral transmission spectrum before and after evaluation 4 (heat resistance test) in Example 6.
Broadcaster 66 is a broadcasting station that receives encoded audio signals 60, further encodes such signals 60 with a broadcaster information signal 68 to produce a twice-encoded audio signal 72, and broadcasts the twice-encoded audio signal 72 along a transmission path 74.
The transmission controller can broadcast the position of the brake pedal, as sensed by the brake pedal sensor, by way of the CAN to control system 20 to be utilized in the start sequence.
As a caption data transmission system of this type, in a video disk or usual television broadcast, a video signal is transmitted with a caption being previously superimposed on a video image.
A source 101, such as a video encoder, provides an original stream of data units to the stagger transmitter 103, which, in turn, provides a staggercast transmission to the MUX 105.
Preferably, the speech data retrieving and presenting device further includes a signal transmission unit connected to the network and coupled to the processing unit. The processing unit controls the signal transmission unit to transmit a return signal or return data to the electronic device through the network according to the information-receiving verification signal.
Adaptation of the transmission for each wavelength section or spectral component, may thus be modulated independently, via a multi-parameter optimization algorithm, such as a genetic algorithm in which the optimum solution, i.e. the synthetic spectrum which is the closest to the species to be detected, is obtained by trial and error, the attempts giving a favorable result being combined in order to produce the optimum solutions (cf. T. Back, H. Schwefel, An Overview of evolutionary algorithms for parameter optimization, Evolutionary computing 1, 1 (1993) and R. S. Judson and H. Rabitz, Teaching lasers to control molecules, Physical Review Letters, 68, 1500 (1992)).
Founder animals capable of germ line transmission of the MSC transgene are crossed to an MSC negative animal to generate an F1 generation of MSC transgenic animals (Step 2).
As discussed above, according to the first embodiment, the ultrasound apparatus 1 includes the receiving unit 191 that receives an ultrasonic transmission condition for each scanning line and the probe controlling unit 192 that controls the ultrasound probe 10 in such a manner as to transmit an ultrasound wave in accordance with the transmission condition received by the receiving unit 191 for each scanning line, and therefore it can accelerate the permeation of genes and medicinal substances into a specific site by use of microbubbles.
. Also as particularly illustrated in FIG. 2 is the lack of any thermal transmission mitigation means to affect the rate of radiant or convection heat transfer between major surfaces 22 and 24.
4. The engine power transmission device according to claim 3, wherein, in the lower rotational speed region, the clutch (10) is actuated so that the torque transmission ratio increases along with an increase in the engine rotational speed.
FIG. 9 is a graph depicting a relationship between a transmission rate of vibration and a frequency of vibration.
According to the investigations, the way of about 1/3 baby HBV infection was the transmission to child from mothers who were HBsAg positive.
Results 71.9 % of 1190 respondents knew about the transmission routes of AIDS.
The transmission data reach the reception antennas 12-1 to 12-4 through the MIMO propagation path 11 having a plurality of inputs and outputs. In the receiver 13, the respective transmission data are separated, demodulated, and decoded.
Routes of transmission included IDUs(44.4%),heterosexual contact(25%),blood or blood products(11.2%) and unknown routes(19.4%).
Thus, the treatment of the collagen fibrils during the manufacturing process enhances the product safety and reduces the risk of disease transmission to a patient.
transmission occurs through direct contact with infected urine or by contact through feed or bedding contaminated with infected urine.
Indeed, in spite of the high level of safety of single-donor human allogeneic platelet concentrates which are tested by modern technologies in countries with highly developed regulatory environment and blood collection services, and although standard blood bank methods such as apheresis or platelet preparation from whole blood guarantee sterile preparation conditions as far as possible, viral and bacterial transmission is still susceptible to occur with the use of platelet derivatives.
In one embodiment, inlet 1102 can be a replaceable mouthpiece that can be disposed of after each breath test to eliminate the risk of disease transmission.
The execution command is used to enable the measurement of strength of noise around each transducer, give processes to produced noise strength data if necessary, store the noise strength data into either a frame of data containing data of the tire inflation pressure or another frame of data, and send the produced frame of data to the transmission unit 23.
The transmission from the interface 14 to the measurement transmitter 4 can be by wire or wireless, e.g. via an inductive, capacitive or optical coupling or even via radio.
As stated above, this information can then be used to vary the number of bits sent to the antennas 218 and 222 for transmission in accordance with the invention.
With regard to the transmission input speed nGE on the basis of which the target value XSOLL for the position of the starting clutch 4 is determined, this can be either a transmission input speed determined by measurement or a calculated transmission input speed, the calculated transmission input speed being determined from a measured transmission output speed and the gear ratio of the transmission 2.
The data collector comprises a transmission structure consisting in this case of a plurality of individual transmitters 9 which can transmit an electrical data signal from the lower surface to the processor.
To measure torque transmission performances of the catheters according to Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, a torsion test was carried out for each of the catheters.
Accordingly, the rod-like members 22 and 23 can suppress the deterioration of the load transmission performance of the load transmitting member 8.
Another object of the invention is to provide a structure of the catheter which is improved to advantageously decrease a stress concentrated at the boundary between the distal end of the catheter body and the proximal end of the tip, and to advantageously increase the torque transmission performance at the boundary.
Proximal portion 58 includes a plurality of multiple overlapping slots 60 to provide the desired flexibility, axial force transmission, and torque transmission characteristics.
Taken together, the two layers 22, 24 provide discontinuity of material and dampening properties, which is a significant factor in reducing sound transmission through the flooring system 10.
Ultrasonic sonar 734 may use sound propagation on an ultrasonic frequency to measure the distance to an object by measuring the time from transmission of a pulse to reception and converting the measurement into a range using the known speed of sound.
According to DE 10 2007 026 812 A1, there are two connecting lines or sound transmission devices, via which the exhaust tracts are coupled to one another.
An example of the above is the high speed optical transmission in non-linear propagation conditions.
Results During 1985~2005, 256 HIV infected cases including 51 AIDS patients (with 34 deaths), were reported in Wenzhou, showing an obvious upward trend in recent years. Heterosexuality and injecting narcotic were the main routes of HIV/AIDS transmission, accounted for 34.0% and 33.6%, respectively.
Among 6 HIV positive pregnant and parturient women the transmission route of 5 ones was sexual contact which constituted 0.42 % , and that of 1 case was through blood, accounting for 0.08 % .
Emphasis is placed on their application as topical microbicides to treat or prevent sexual transmission of disease, especially HIV/AIDS.
Since radio waves have a lower degree of linear propagation than infrared rays (light rays), even if there is an obstruction between the remote control device 1 and the bridge device 2, it is much less likely that radio wave transmission therebetween is blocked.
The transmission 46 may be characterized by using a system of free body diagram (FBD) equations describing movement of parts within the transmission 46 as described in commonly-assigned U.S. Pat. No. 7,056,263 which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Further, the present invention is characterized in that in the data transmission system described above, in the hub unit which received the transmission-line-control-right-transfer-signal, the transmission-line-control-right transfer-signal is not relayed to the port of the hub unit and the downstream side signal line but instead, the preamble signal specified in the ISO8802/3 Standard is sent to the port of the hub unit and also sent to the both sides of upper stream and down stream signal transmission lines, the transmission approval control starts, a data frame of the ISO8802/3 Standard from the port is sent to the upper stream or the downstream or the upper and downstream side after changing the data frame to the preamble signal and even when there is a signal input from the upper stream or the downstream side, the signal is not relayed to the port.
FIG. 6 illustrates the transmission right transfer timing from the most downstream side hub unit to the uppermost stream side hub unit for the transfer of the transmission control right to the uppermost stream side hub unit and avoidance of contention.
One countershaft transmission of the type generally described that has many advantages is disclosed in International Application No. PCT/US84/01352 filed Aug. 24, 1984 and published under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) on Dec. 19, 1985 as Publication No. W085/05665, and which is assigned to the Assignee of the present invention.
The test and training protocol as well as the method by which the analog modem sends these signals to the digital modem is described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/390,106, end Method and Apparatus for a Startup Procedure for Digital and Analog Modems Utilizing Pulse Code Modulation for Data transmission, filed Sep. 3, 1999, assigned to the assignee hereof and incorporated herein by reference.
In this manner, as a result of causing the second constituent portion 166 and the fourth constituent portion 168 to turn around a plurality of times in the turnaround portions 169 and 170, the number of members in which deflection occurs in the axial direction during transmission of an operation amount can be increased, the amount of deflection in the axial direction of the transmission member 160 between the first support portion 161 and the second support portion 162 can be increased.
Moreover, the slave computer 1030 and the master computer 1010 perform message or data transmission by a messaging protocol, and a debugging message processor 1033 and a messaging delivering means 1031 are running at the slave computer 1030, which also provide same function with those having the same names and running at the master computer shown in FIG. 4A.
3. The signal delay assembly of claim 1 wherein said buffer element is substantially inert, resistant to changes in signal transmission characteristics, resistant to burn through at the combustion temperature of said transmission device and the combustion temperature of said pyrotechnic composition, and not chemically reactive with said pyrotechnic composition.
9. The signal delay assembly of claim 1 wherein said housing comprises a blasting signal transmission device delay unit housing, having a first open end for receiving said blasting signal transmission device, and a second open end for receiving a second blasting signal transmission device.
The power transmission head 9 is arranged here at the bottom of the integrated transmission system, the linear motor 7 is in the middle, and the magnetic levitation system 8 is at the top.
More particularly, the linkage mechanism comprises a first spring 43, a second spring 44 and two gear-rack transmission pairs.
one in the right transmission linkage and the other in the left transmission linkage, or else one in one or other of the two transmission linkages and the other in the spacer bar 5.
Mounted on the plate 14 is an electric motor 12 which is connected by a first drive belt or other transmission means 18 to the feed screw 36.
For this reason, with the ball screw mechanisms 21a and 21c being not influenced by the generated force of the gas cylinder 17, the angle of the transmission plate 15b can be changed around the X-axis only by the ball screw mechanisms 21b and 21d, so that it is possible to change the driving torque of the rotating actuator 2a easily.
A surgical instrument, such as a surgical stapling instrument (1), comprises a tissue manipulating portion (2) which is intended to be introduced in the body of a patient, a handle portion (3) with an actuating mechanism (7) adapted to generate actuating movements for the actuation of the tissue manipulating portion (2) and comprising at least a pair of rotary output members (33; 40) and an actuating transmission device (5, 5′; 6, 6′) connecting the actuating mechanism (7) of the handle portion (3) to the tissue manipulating portion (2) and comprising at least one pair of rotary rods (17, 17′; 19, 19′) for transmitting rotational actuating movements from the pair of rotary output members (33; 40) to the tissue manipulating portion (2).
Relative rotation of the actuator ring and the remainder of the handle can be caused by operating the drive 142 to operate transmission 206 to operate the spline 230 of clamp 174A, rotating the actuator ring relative to the remainder of the handle, or operating drive 210 to operate transmission 210 to operate the spline 230 of clamp 174B rotating the remainder of the handle relative to the actuator ring, or to operate drives 142 and 146 and different rates and or in different directions to cause relative rotation between the actuator ring engaged in clamp 174A and the remainder of the handle engaged in 174B.
When the lock-up clutch of the torque converter 2100 is released, a target engine rotational speed is calculated in accordance with a map that has the target engine torque and the target turbine rotational speed as parameters and that represents the transmission characteristics of the torque converter 2100.
High affinity transmitter group is significant for the research of virus transmission mechanism, variability of pathogenicity of RSV、 varieties resistance.
1% NS-83 water emulsion inhibited the aphid transmission of TuMV to the extent of 41.8%, 29.4% and 14.1% when the stylets of the aphids were allowed to contact with NS-83 preparation before acquisition, during acquisition and during inoculation respectively.
The extinction ratios for both reflection side and transmission side are better than 100 when the incident wavelength is varied in the range from 1.27μm to 1.67μm and the incident angle is in the range from 51 degree to 57 degree.
It has been found that a reflection and transmission extinction of 50 is a reasonably useful minimum for systems such as those in FIG. 1 which do not have additional polarizer elements.
The extinction ratio calculated by integrating the transmission intensity within a pixel obtained from a simulation based on the FDTD method was improved by about 1.5 times from 5.6 for the case where the light blocking layer 68 was not provided to 9.0 for the case where the light blocking layer 68 was provided.
The TM polarization transmission efficiencies are more than 50 percentages and the extinction ratios are more than 170 when the incident wavelength is varied from 0.38μm to 0.40μm or from 0.50um to 0.76μm, which meets the expectations for wide band, high TM polarization transmission efficiencies and high transmission extinction ratios.
Silicone is suitable for molding and provides suitable optical transmission properties.
In particular, within the wavelength region of 400-1200 cm. sup.-1 the film showed low transmission and hence it can be understood that it had been given an increased infrared absorption ability within said wavelength region and in consequence an improved heat insulation property.
The transmission properties of the fibers must not be influenced by the chosen color markings during temperature changes.
A transmission bottle neck has been found in the transmission virus with, in 75% of patients, evidence for one virus species transmitted, and, in about 15% of patients, evidence for multiple strains transmitted (it is believed that the transmitted signature in the Env are involved with which viruses are transmitted).
Whereas, when it exceeds 30 parts by weight, visible light transmission and mechanical strength of the agricultural film are objectionably impaired.
The WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and many governmental and non governmental agencies across the world has started taking measures to block this easily preventable mode of disease transmission.
Non reusable syringes are being promoted by most of the international and local government agencies as an effective mode of preventing disease transmission.
It was widely postulated that the emergence of resistance in seasonal H1N1 was due to the selective pressure of drug therapy and that resistant virus was likely to be less fit for disease transmission.
In the present embodiment, the metal electrode part 42 is disposed on the black matrix 2 and the color pixel units 3 so as to reduce the height of step between the black matrix 2 and the color pixel units 3 under the transparent electrode 41. Therefore, the step in the transparent electrode part 41 attached on the black matrix 2 and the color pixel units 3 can be reduced, the driving electrode 4 can be well connected and the quality of the signal transmission can be ensured.
In addition, the routing of stress from one stiffener section to another is complex, which results in a lower quality transmission of stress compared to the brackets.
The transmission quality of coaxial conductors for the TEM basic mode of RF signal waves decreases for increasing signal frequencies, given the fact that undesirable higher-order modes are able to propagate for higher frequencies, for example TE11, TE21 modes etc., which by way of mode conversion processes may be excited at interference locations and then come to overlay the TEM basic mode.
Due to this measure the transmission quality of RF signals along the coaxial conductor structure can be significantly improved.
Due to their bi-periodic arrangement, that is RA, RB, RA, RB, RA and RB, etc. axially along the coaxial conductor structure the transmission quality of RF signals along the coaxial conductor structure can be improved.
6. The system of claim 5 wherein the transmission status identifies the user as a spammer.
12. The system of claim 11 wherein the transmission status identifies the user as a spammer.
18. The system of claim 17 wherein the transmission status identifies the user as a spammer.
Assay of phrenic nerve-diaphragm showed that the low close of MN-81 increased contractile amplitude of isolated rat diaphragm and rabbit diaphragm in situ, while an increase in the concentration of MN-81 (10-4g/ml) led to blockade of nuromus-cular transmission.
SFEMG was superior to LFRNS and nAchRab assay in diagnostic sensitivity (P <0.05),and it facilitated to demonstrafe the potentially abnormal neuromuscular transmission in symptomless muscles of MG patients.
By means of repetitive nerve stimulation, neuromuscular transmission, motor nerve conductin velocity(MCV), sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) and sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) amplitudes were observed in 35 patients with lung cancer.
Methods Needle electromyography(EMG),repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) and activation repetitive nerve stimulation(ARNS) have been performed to study abnormalities of the muscles and neuromuscular transmission in 47 patients with myasthenia gravis.
Based on the rheological properties of the magne tic rheological fluid,this paper carries out analysis on its transmission mechan ism.