I've read this book, 'Code of the Samurai'. Has anyone read it?
Anywayz......I read it, and it made total sense! And I wondered........Why dont they have a Code of the Jedi book? If there is anybook like this, I would like to know, and what are your opinions on the idea?
I haven't read the book...but the "Code of the Jedi" sounds like it would be a good idea for a book... i give the idea a thumbs up.
Man, there has got to be an easy way to reach Lucas!
I think it's a very good idea. Tell the rules, the codes, the teachings, the styles........all that stuff. It would be so cool!!!
That would be a heavy, thick, annoyingly hard to carry paperback.
Yeah.........maybe just the code and the rules then. I'd buy it.
A "Code of the Mandalorians" would be great. Also, you spelled samurai incorrectly.
Is there even a code of the Mandalorians? *Sigh* Still stickin with 'The Code of the Jedi'.
— Passage from "Mandalorians: Identity and Language"
A Mandalorian weddingMandalorian culture consisted of a very straight-forward nomadic society, influenced by many other cultures around the galaxy. As a whole, Mandalorians were not prejudiced of any species, but tolerated all Mandalorians, as long as they followed Mandalorian principles. Many war-orphaned children (such as Jango Fett) would be adopted into Mandalorian society, and brought up as Mandalorian children.
Mandalorian women were expected to have the same combat skills as men, in order to defend their homes when the men were away. If they didn't have children to raise, they fought alongside men on the battlefield. The ideal Mandalorian woman was physically strong and resilient.
The Mandalorians were nomadic warriors, despite the fact that they had the home world of Mandalore. The Mandalorians kept their nomadic ways so that in the event of attack, there would be no easy target to exterminate the Mandalorians. This attributed to the Mandalorians' survival over thousands of centuries. This also meant that many Mandalorians had not ever visited Mandalore.
Individual Mandalorians were independent warriors, bound together by the same culture. Created by their own hands, fitted to their liking, each piece of Mandalorian steel was chosen and customized by a Mandalorian to their level of skill. The armor had great cultural significance for the Mandalorians, and each set told about the Mandalorian underneath. However, there was a saying in Mando'a: Verd ori'shya beskar'gam, meaning a warrior is more than his armor.
Not all Mandalorians constantly fought on the front line. There were farmers, regular factory workers, engineers, and doctors too. However, all Mandalorians were warriors at heart, and all knew how to fight.
Mandalorians were considered adults at an age as low as thirteen years. This contributed to the fact that Mandalorians married and settled down earlier than most cultures. Family bonds were a large part of the Mandalorian culture, and as a result, they felt more comfortable around each other than they did around strangers. Mandalorian weddings were brief, and meant serious commitment to each other.
A Mandalorian teaches his sonThere were six acts one needed to follow to be a Mandalorian, those being wearing armor, speaking Mando'a, defending theirselves and families, raising children as Mandalorians, helping the clan succeed and sustain itself, and when called to arms by the Mandalore, rally to his cause.
The only leader of the Mandalorians was the Mandalore himself, and he held his rank as long as he commanded the respect of his fellow warriors. In battle, Mandalorians would be assigned to different squads and jobs, depending on their area of expertise. The Mandalorians worked together to the best of their ability in battle. Mandalorians were not promoted to better jobs, since they did not have jobs—only in battle would some kind of organization need to occur.
The only exception to this would be the way Jaster Mereel ran the Mandalorians. He often diverted from the culture of the Mandalorians, but only slightly so. His armor was different from everybody else's, which was gold and red, perhaps signifying rank. His second in command, Montross, wore silver and blue armor. This armor-rank system was carried on by Jango Fett, who wore Jaster's armor, and had his second in command, Myles, wear the blue-silver armor. Like Jaster, Jango did not act like a traditional Mandalorian.
Mandalorians had their own religion, the basic tenets of which have fluctuated over the centuries. At one time, Mandalorians were deeply religious beings, but the combination of disillusion with the old ways and the increasing warlike tendencies of the race led to a more pragmatistic view of the galaxy around them. Creation tales such as the Akaanati'kar'oya (The War of Life and Death) became more philosophical, while the stars became the fallen kings of Mandalore. More skeptical Mandalorians, however, often looked at such tales for allegories that could be applied to the here and now.
To Mandalorians, the afterlife is seen as a place of conflict between stagnaton and change, mythicized by the gods Arasuum (a sloth like being that personifies idle consumption) and Kad Ha'rangir (seen as a vicious destroyer that forces change on the universe). It is said that Mandalorians who die become part of the armies of these two gods, defending the one true place where their wives, sons and daughters may finally find a permanent place of rest.
Family is very important to the Mandalorians, yet when compared to most other cultures, they hold very different beliefs to what constitutes a familial relationship. Despite the fact that fidelity and chastity before marriage is highly emphasized, they are unconcerned about parentage. Believing that aliit iru'shya tal'din (Family is More Than Bloodlines), it is common for orphaned children, and even adults, to be brought into the culture. Marital infidelity, often considered a major faux pas in most other cultures, is not looked down upon during periods where two Mandalorians undergo a long term separation, so long as any children that arise from such an act are raised in the ways of Mando.
Wow,........uh.......thanks Maltese. You really know your Mandalorians!! Ya know, I guess A book of the Mandalore would be kinda cool.
'Book of the Mandalore' yeah, I like it!
Now I know everything about Mandalorians.Thanks dude!
I thought you did that! lol Theres NO WAY you can type that fast! lol!
Maybe yes,maybe no...we can't know for sure...but I believe him!
That fast........in 30 seconds?!?!?!?!? You must have like 15 fingers or somethin! I could never type that fast!!!
It's true I saw A friend of mine do it and I had a look on my face"this can't be!"
Well you must have spent infinite hours in front of a computer to do this.
Anywayz.......I think both 'The Code of the Jedi' and 'Book of the Mandalore' are cool .


text:
Predators open road schedule with back-to-back test
Eric Stromgren
estromgren@tennessean.com
This weekend's road trip marks the first back-to-back games on consecutive days this season for the Predators.
The road trip starts Friday night in Winnipeg in the Jets' home opener at MTS Centre and ends Saturday night in Chicago.
"It is always a tough building to play in and they'll be jacked up from their fans," Predators alternate captain James Neal said. "We want to be a good road team and we have a chance here to win a game."
The team left Nashville after Thursday's late morning practice and arrived in Winnipeg later in the afternoon.
"You have to make sure you eat well, sleep well and make sure you play a simple game," Roy said. "We talked about that today: going into Winnipeg and playing a simple game, and maybe a little more boring game. At the same time, we want to come out of there with two points and worry about the Chicago game when it comes."
The Predators leave for Chicago following Friday night's game, and return to Nashville Saturday night following the game against the Blackhawks.
The next back-to-back road trip this season for the Predators comes January 3-4 (Los Angeles-Anaheim).
Predators forward Olli Jokinen will be playing against Winnipeg for the first time after spending the last two seasons with the Jets. He had 57 total points (25 games, 32 assists) during those two seasons while serving as an alternate captain.
The Jets are 1-2-0 this season and are coming of a 4-1 loss Sunday against Los Angeles. Bryan Little leads the Jets with three goals on the season.
"Winnipeg has got a really good team," Laviolette said. "That's all we prepared for and all we talked about today (Thursday)."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: java 1.7 - how to read same data on different position using same code/method I have an while operator that reading data,
int typeArr =0 ;
int newObj = 0;
int  name = 0;
while((Name =readInt()) != 0x00) {
    int info = in.readUnsignedByte();
    int Type = in.readUnsignedByte();
    if(PropertySizeType == 1) {
        typeArr = in.readUnsignedByte();
        for (int k = 0; k < typeArr; k++) {
            newObj = in.readUnsignedByte();
        }
    }
 }

Problem is that after i readed newObj value, i need to move to that position - like that
in.seek(newObj);

after that i need to repeat the same process as i did in the above(while ...)
How can i do that ?

A: Use the function from the Javadoc
  while((Name =readInt()) != 0x00)
{
   try{

     int info = in.readUnsignedByte();
     int Type = in.readUnsignedByte();
      if(PropertySizeType == 1) {
    typeArr = in.readUnsignedByte();
    for (int k = 0; k < typeArr; k++) {
        newObj = in.readUnsignedByte();
        in.seek(newObj);  // newObj should be a long
       }
    }
    }catch(Exception e)
    {
         e.printStackTrace();
         break;
    }
   }

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Michelle Obama to guest star on 'Gilmore Girls'
Rhian Daly Jun 22, 2016 11:46 pm BST
Credit: Netflix
The First Lady posted a picture of herself with Alexis Bledel on Snapchat today
Michelle Obama looks like she will guest star in the upcoming Gilmore Girlsrevival.
Gilmore Girls: A Year In The Life will air on Netflix later this year and features many of the original cast, including Lauren Graham (Lorelai Gilmore), Alexis Bledel (Rory Gilmore) and a guest appearance from Melissa McCarthy (Sookie St. James).
Obama posted a photo of herself with Bledel on her Snapchat account today, with the caption "It's Rory! More coming soon…"
EXCUSE ME IS MICHELLE OBAMA GOING TO BE ON GILMORE GIRLS pic.twitter.com/zsFfwJRErx
— Marc Snetiker (@MarcSnetiker) June 22, 2016
As AV Club reports, the series' 2007 finale revolved around a storyline where Bledel's character left her Stars Hollow hometown to join the campaign trail with Barack Obama.
There are no details of exactly what the First Lady's cameo in the show's forthcoming return will be.
Yesterday, it was announced that Michelle Obama would also appear on James Corden's Carpool Karaoke.
The presenter was reported to have been at the White House yesterday (June 21) to record the segment. Again, there are no details of what Obama will sing or when the piece will air.
Jay-Z Credit: Getty
Jay-Z joins leading cannabis company as chief brand strategist
Roger Waters Credit: Getty
Roger Waters announces special 'Us + Them' concert film
Chance The Rapper / Donald Glover Credit: Getty
Chance The Rapper is in 'The Lion King' — and it's all thanks to Donald Glover


text:
require 'gemspec/exceptions/exception'

module Gemspec
  class ProjectNotFound < Exception
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Windows MultiPoint Server Device CAL (Includes Software Assurance
Windows MultiPoint Server CAL
When used in combination with a Windows Server client access license (CAL), this Windows MultiPoint Server device CAL permits one device (typically a user station) to access MultiPoint Server. This donation does not include a Windows Server CAL.
Windows MultiPoint Server is a special version of the Windows Server operating system that allows multiple users to simultaneously share one computer. Each user station that connects to MultiPoint Server must have both a MultiPoint Server CAL and a Windows Server CAL. If the host computer is used as a user station and not just for administration, organizations must acquire both a MultiPoint Server CAL and a Windows Server CAL for it as well.
A Windows MultiPoint Server CAL pack for one station is also available through CTX PROGRAMME. The pack includes a MultiPoint Server CAL and a Windows Server CAL, both licensed per device (a user station). MultiPoint Server user CALs, as opposed to device CALs, are not available through CTX PROGRAMME since this kind of licensing would be more costly in a typical MultiPoint Server setup than licensing per device. For example, a setup with 10 user stations would require just 10 device CALs for any number of users. If licensed per user, the same setup would require each user to have a separate license.
Software Assurance: Under the Software Assurance program, you have the right to install any new release of products covered in the agreement during the term of your coverage.


So I can finally write about and show y'all a bit of the process for my recent piece in the Penny Candy Books release "13 Ways of looking at a Black boy". This is a great book! It's hardbound, about 30 pgs total, and matte color finished. The book is an anthology of artists who each get a piece of Tony Medina's poem about Black Boys. Tony Medina is a dope poet from NYC that has not only published a bunch of poetry books, but he's also published many picture books, and his graphic novel "I am Alfonso Jones". The artists that Penny Candy picked are an awesome array of experience and technique. There are digital illustration, collage, oil, watercolor, acrylic, and ink.


The Wedding pictures below were from Caroline and Darren's big day which took place at Haslington Hall in Cheshire. It is just perfect for a Cheshire Wedding. Close to Crewe, it is a lovely old building, thought to have been built in the 13th century. I covered the full day, from Caroline getting ready, until way into the night. Caroline was very nervous as expected, but the day went well and everyone had a great time. The wedding took place in the grounds of the Hall. It was a lovely day.


text:
describe 'Atlassian Jira with PostgreSQL Database' do

  include_examples 'a running Nginx Docker container', 'pocdockercomposeatlassian_nginx_1'
  include_examples 'a running Jira Docker container with reverse proxy', 'pocdockercomposeatlassian_jira_1'
  include_examples 'a running Jira Postgresql Docker container', 'pocdockercomposeatlassian_jira_postgresql_1'

  include_examples 'a Jira instance properly setup', 'using a Jira PostgreSQL database'
end


September 7, 2018 —The North American electronics manufacturing services (EMS) industry has an $81 billion served available market with great potential for further growth, according to IPC's 2018 Annual Report and Forecast for the North American EMS Industry, published this week. An analysis of the market indicates that the North American EMS industry has penetrated only about 28 percent of the total available market based on what OEMs in the region could outsource. Forecasts contributed by New Venture Research predict steady growth for the EMS industry through 2022, both globally and in North America.


Presented in the figure is a specific heat test result for a polycrystalline alumina sample between room temperature and 1600°C. Additionally shown are literature values for pure alumina. It can clearly be seen that there are no significant differences between the literature values and the test results. The maximum deviations are in the range of 2%, which demonstrates the outstanding performance of the DSC 404 F1 Pegasus®.


WINTER – SPRING – SUMMER?
Each month in my introduction I seem to complain about the vagaries of the weather, never more so than this month. After the "beast from the east" I was looking forward to spring. Spring is my favourite season of the year it's when colour returns to the countryside and we see migrations of birds returning from their winter quarters. The extreme changes in weather and temperature has played havoc with the perch and pike's spawning, one minute it's winter then suddenly it's summer for a day or three before suddenly returning to winter again! As I write this we've experienced two such "heat waves" which has even seen carp preparing themselves to spawn.
This month saw James Gardner and I return to our other passion, fly fishing. As I've said before the Stillwater's I fish are stocked with triploid Rainbows and diploid Brown Trout, these sexless fish do not go through the rigors of spawning so spring is when they eat, buzzers in huge quantities.
Buzzers and their larvae bloodworms are the staple diet of all freshwater fish and this spring has seen exceptional hatches on many of the country's large reservoirs, especially Oxford's Farmoor 1 and 2. James and I have become frequent visitors to these waters, the abundant fly life coupled with the fighting quality of their fish make it one of our favourite destinations.
Our first visit this season to F1 saw us anchor up and fish towards the downwind bank. We positioned the boat 50yds off the bank which allowed us to focus our casts at the wall, we quickly ditched our floating and sink tip lines in favour of intermediates and Di3's, this allowed us to get closer to the bottom without our flies riding up in the water as the boat swung from side-to-side on the anchor. We plundered fish off the marginal drop off, where the concrete wall meets the natural bottom; it was here that the buzzers were ascending vertically towards the surface. The water was very cold and so were the fish which meant that the bulk of the Rainbows were feeding on the buzzers in the bottom 5ft of water. One thing I've learnt from lure fishing is the importance of marking my line, these "distance markers" have helped me catch more fish and so it was on this occasion. A typical cast would see me count down my "fast glass" intermediate line for 20 seconds before commencing my very slow figure 8 retrieve, with an occasional pause, which saw my flies fall down the marginal slope. As soon as I saw my 30ft marker I was expecting a take, as my flies began their upward path back to the boat. If I got a take anytime between my 30ft to 20ft marks the fish had taken my top dropper fly, a Diawl Bach, if the take came between my 20ft to 10ft marks the fish would be on my middle dropper, a Cruncher. I could only imagine that the takes were coming as each fly left the bottom, perfectly replicating the buzzer pupae's.
On one occasion James and I had a "purple patch" when we both caught several fish on consecutive casts, I was about to break the sequence as I now had my 10ft marker in the tip ring, I paused willing a take, nothing, a quick figure 8 retrieve and my rod loaded up taking on a pleasing fighting curve and held firm. With no head shaking or violent runs I decided to wind all the loose line onto my reel as this was obviously a better fish! James immediately said "that's either a big Brown Trout or a Pike". The fight was un-spectacular but gradually as we peered into the depths of the tap water clear water the unmistakable shape of a rather large pike appeared. My poor old #5 rod groaned under the strain as I eased it towards the waiting net. James scooped it up, tail first, before it knew what had happened.
Neatly sitting just between its teeth and its jawline sat my bead headed buzzer! We were unable to weigh the most beautiful pike I think I've ever caught, as I only had scales that weighed up to 15lbs. It didn't matter really; we both agreed it was very close to 20lbs, maybe just short by a few ounces? After a short break to take stock of what had just happened we decided to move further along the bank, re-anchor, re-focus and start all over again. And so we continued catching more stunning Farmoor Trout.
A spur of the moment decision saw me rock up at Jane and Lee Green's Spring Hill trout fishery [TN2 4BB] near Tunbridge Wells one Sunday morning. I'm blessed with so many places to "cast a fly" within 25 miles of my shop in Tunbridge Wells! I have to admit I've not been to Spring Hill in ages, not for any other reason than my preference for boat fishing on large reservoirs. That said when I do go to Spring Hill it's always a joy to see such a well maintained water. This morning was cold and damp with the forecast for heavier rain in the afternoon so I wasn't aiming to stay too long.
Well it had to be a floating line and "hot head" Damsel, I started on one of the downwind platforms. The ripple was pushing into the corner of the lake I was fishing, I hoped that any hatching flies would drift towards me and there should be plenty of obliging Trout stationed here? The first few casts saw me trickle retrieve my Damsel nymph back towards the bank before slowly lifting off, not before the obligatory "hang", just in cast a following fish could be tempted. I quickly noticed the occasional swirl and flat spot in the ripple that indicated fish activity just sub-surface. My original fly choice was not going to "cut the mustard" being weighted it was going way too deep. I selected a hackled French Partridge Mayfly which was lightly "Ginked" to hold it on the surface for a few moments before the drag of my fluorocarbon leader drew it under the surface. Within a couple of casts I'd had an offer to this fly while it was on the surface, but it shied away. That was all the encouragement I needed to change my leader set up and fly.
Off came my fluorocarbon leader which sinks, to be replaced with co-poly nylon which floats, I attached a micro leader ring to the end and a 2ft length of fluorocarbon as my "tippet". My fly choice was easy it had to be smaller to imitate either emerging midges or Hawthorne, just in case there were any about? On went a size 10 black CDC Hopper and I was quickly rewarded, first cast with a positive take, after a short battle on my trusty #5 the fish was safely netted, dispatched and spooned. Unfortunately the spoon revealed nothing but every time the ripple re-appeared more fish would show in front of me and I picked off several more before my brief visit was over. Home in time for lunch, job done!
As I mentioned there are plenty of waters a short distance from Tunbridge Wells to suit all tastes, here are a few off the top of my head that are available on a day ticket.


text:
SF Unzipped
Yoko, Oh no…: The Lennon "hot bod" collection
By Chelsea Janes on November 29, 2012 at 3:00 PM
Photo: Associated Press/Courtesy Opening Ceremony
Image 1of/7
A black mesh cutout shirt ($145) and a black wool with contrast colored white hand Hand Trouser ($335) from Yoko Ono's new menswear collection.
Vlack bamboo jersey eyelet tank ($150) and white wool and padded mesh cutout trouser ($250).
Pink mesh cutout shirt ($145) and white wool with contrast colored hand trouser ($335).
Clear perspex and black leather with silver chrome bells Ring For Your Mommy Piece ($400) and white wool and padded mesh cutout trouser ($250) from Yoko Ono's new menswear collection.
Yoko Ono, the former wife of John Lennon, a member of the Beatles, during performer Lady Gaga's fragrance launch party at the Guggenheim Museum in New York, Sept. 13, 2012. Ono has designed a menswear line for Opening Ceremony, and is preparing to release an album. less
Yoko Ono, the former wife of John Lennon, a member of the Beatles, during performer Lady Gaga's fragrance launch party at the Guggenheim Museum in New York, Sept. 13, 2012. Ono has designed a menswear line for ... more
Photo: Michael Nagle / New York Times
Yoko, Oh no...: The Lennon "hot bod" collection
One might think Yoko Ono could commit no more egregious atrocity than allegedly breaking up the Beatles. After all, what could be worse than, as Beatles fans tell the tale, seducing the creative heart and soul (John Lennon) of one of the most influential, beloved bands in history and therefore initiating its decline? (Although Sir Paul McCartney recently debunked the long-held theory.)
Ono's newest clothing line may be the improbable answer.
In what can only be called a tribute to her late husband Lennon, Ono this week released a fashion line for avant-garde retailer Opening Ceremony based on drawings she made for Lennon before their 1969 wedding. The collection will be on display at Opening Ceremony's Covent Gardens location beginning Nov. 30.
The line was inspired by Lennon, according to Ono, who was "amazed at how my man was looking so great. I felt it was a pity if we could not make clothes emphasizing his very sexy bod," Ono told the Associated Press.
"So, I made this whole series with love for his hot bod, and gave it to him as a wedding present."
It's a gift she is now generously bestowing on the masses in the form of "Fashions for Men: 1969-2012," the collection's formal name. For a mere $200, devoted Beatles fans can now purchase the jockstrap Ono designed for John Lennon before their wedding night, updated with an LED light to include 21st century technology. Better yet, for a measly $750, you can finally grab that pair of boots with an incense holder Nordstrom never seems to have in stock.
And those are just some of the low (er … high)lights. Others include a "butt hoodie" (hoodie with a butt drawn on), bottomless pants (as in, no butt at all), black pants with a white hand print on the crotch, and a see-through long-sleeve shirt with just the shoulders cut out, to preserve the wearer's modesty, of course. And who knew Regina George was wearing Yoko Ono in "Mean Girls" when she donned that tank top with nipples cut out? (also part of the collection).
With so much fashion innovation inspired by an American cultural icon like Lennon, picking up Ono's line was a no-brainer for Humberto Leon, co-founder and creative director of Opening Ceremony, which frequently taps celebrities for one-off collections.
"As huge, longtime fans of Yoko's art, we have great respect for her artistic vision, aesthetics, and intellect," Leon said.
History does not tell us whether Lennon shared that sentiment upon receiving his one-of-a-kind wedding gift — nor will we ever know how he'll feel about having that intimate present (and his wife's vision of his body) bared to the public. But if you're looking for a piece of the band's history for every Beatles fan on your holiday shopping list, posters of the collection are available for just $25.
Chelsea Janes
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Verify only characters in red as the software is unsure whether they have been extracted correctly. Do not loose time verifying fields with black characters as they are already proved as high-confidence. Brown characters are also OK, they are just not 100% confirmed in terms of position and boundaries of the field .
Use the 'Auto calculate' button or F9 key when necessary. To automatically calculate all the cells in one column, right click on a cell and click Calculate column. Not sure how to define automatically calculable fields? Contact us.
Check out the batch verification option, which helps you spot 'red' characters (with low-confidence value) and lets you fix them all at the same time. It is efficient when processing 20+ invoices.
Use form template specific for your business and for your needs. You can create it yourself using our Field Template Designer Ctrl+F11 or ask SmartSoft support.


This episode wraps up the series on Selecting a Homestead Location. Evaluating a specific property is key to getting your ideal homestead location. To get the most out of this episode or others in this series, I suggest you go back and start at the beginning, Core Values.
When evaluating a specific property, that work can now begin to pay off.
Though it can take some time, finding your property can be fun. And it can be rewarding in other ways. There is no hurry. There are always deals to be had. Time spent up front can refine your features list and build familiarity with the market, which will help you identify a truly good deal. We'll take a look at some ways to help in your homestead search.
This episode, Choosing a Region, is the fourth installment of the Selecting a Homestead Location series.
Counting the costs is the critical process of creating a budget from our homestead features list. This budget can help us avoid the risks of overpaying for a property and skyrocketing expenses.
Why Should We Consider Our Core Values?
Our core values will determine what we will actually do, not what we hope or say we will do. They are often unconscious, but influence us nonetheless. They do not change easily, especially when we are unaware of them. Ensuring our homestead selection matches up with our core values will help lead to our success in our selection of a homestead. Core values are not something tangible that one can put a finger on. They are internal. They can be a little slippery.


the klenner protocol as i modified it for my use helped me more than anything else, up to a point. i had been vegan and desperately needed its nutrient dense approach, significantly including the protein.
doesn't mean that knowledge from the 70s is perfectly applicable today (eg protocol has nothing on d3 or details of relevant cofactors), and from my attempts to look into them, it by no means is the case that the protocol references cut the academic mustard - author's md, ms or not.


text:
I'll Read Anything: 'Play It as It Lays'
Joan Didion shatters the glamorous façade of late 1960s Hollywood using a disillusioned actress's deeply cynical and bruisingly dark narrative.
Alexa White
Graphic depicting a room with a poster of the book "Play It as It Lays." (Hustler Multimedia/Alexa White)
Ophelia Lu, Staff Photographer
Editor's note: This review contains mention of fictional self-harm and suicide.
"Play It as It Lays" is an existential narrative of the 20th-century United States. The book dissects the crisis of American life by examining the pursuit of superficial success that lacks real values and its ugly consequences. Joan Didion masterfully cuts through the silent generation's delusion with a serrated blade. "I was raised to believe that what came in on the next roll would always be better than what went out on the last. I no longer believe that, but I am telling you how it was." With this defeatist line, the book's narrator, Maria Wyeth, opens her story in a psychiatric facility in Los Angeles. Born and raised by a broke business owner in an inconsequential town in central Nevada, Maria eventually leaves the desert behind—only to find herself falling into the deceiving swamp of late 1960s Hollywood. Her time in the industry never shapes her into an accomplished actress. Stranded in a space where her past and future have both been blurred out of her view, Maria eventually finds herself in a fateful encounter with a metaphorical rattlesnake, whose warning sounds she has once ignored.
At first, Maria's career seems to be poised for success. In New York City, her good looks and cinematic talents pave the way for minor achievements in the field. This momentum breaks off after her parents' deaths. Living through this sudden loss, Maria slowly drifts away from the industry. Meanwhile, her job still leads her to the most significant enabler in her life: her husband, Carter Lang. They move to Hollywood, and Maria resumes her career by starring in two of Carter's works. The couple later separates because of infidelities and ineffective, irrational communication. Nevertheless, the two remain emotionally tangled as loneliness is more unbearable than each other. Later finding herself pregnant with her former lover Les Goodwin's child, Maria calls Carter out of a desperate need for help. The response she gets, however, is far from supportive: it is coercion into abortion. Disillusioned about a purposeless life and the loss of her child, Maria spends her days roaming California's interstates. As she traverses the landscape with an increasingly arid soul, Maria spirals into a depressed headspace. The Hollywood dreamland sheds its camouflage and reveals the wasteland hidden underneath. Maria's career pursuit disintegrates, giving away to an unorganized passivity that slowly spills over her entire life. She doesn't snap out of this emotional inertia until her numbness allows one of her closest friends' suicide to happen. Staring at empty alcohol bottles, unconsumed pills and her friend's dead body, Maria collapses into her final breakdown.
The concepts of "being" and "nothingness" are a contrast that Didion extensively explores in "Play It as It Lays." Maria's disillusionment with the reality of the entertainment industry begins early in her career. In the book's first half, the disinterest in her job signals the first crack of her dream. Moving from set to set, Maria shows little passion for the content she is producing. This apparent lack of enthusiasm on an artist's side mirrors the shallowness of entertainment as a whole. Unable to even appeal to its cast, the film industry's mass production of cinematic art fails to truly speak to people. Through Maria's reaction to her work, we see firsthand how entertainment's banality and commercial nature have removed the deep meaning of art, reducing it to near-nothingness despite its presence being in people's leisure. This societal reality unfolds in front of our eyes while it simultaneously corrupts and derails Maria's life.
Maria's story is told in first-person retrospect. With deliberately flat yet truthful language, Maria relays intense introspections about her past life. She assesses moments of vulnerability and the impacts of emotional strain with a largely uninterested tone. This thoughtfully crafted ennui reflects the aftershock of trauma, accurately depicting Maria's exhaustion and emotional stupor. Maria's current state of mind directly contrasts with the perceived image of a Hollywood actress. Deprived of vibrance, energy and optimism, Maria embodies a broken dream that has nothing but a dull grayness left. Through Maria's destruction, Didion reveals to her readers the rubbles behind celebrated successes: how a deceived limelight-seeker might try to emerge from behind a stage curtain and find their skulls crushing into a concrete wall instead. Didion critiques the conventional, materialistic success by exhibiting its power to destroy. In the book, the Hollywood dream is willed into existence by an ill society. It becomes the green light for a crowd of directionless people, luring them in and spitting out their bones. They emerge from the dream factory hollow and devastated, no longer fitting into the neon landscape. As Didion describes, Hollywood repelled individual troubles because "failures, illness, fear, they were seen as infectious, contagious blights on glossy plants." Maria's life in the glossy hills of Hollywood is beyond a singular incident of misfortune. Instead, it holds a common tragedy of her time: how people ignorantly went after a societal model of success only to accomplish nothing and find themselves blistered, wasted and ruined. Just like art during that time, these people were violently deprived and squashed to nothingness. Didion's spare linguistic execution, through the perspective of a victim of the entertainment industry, frankly presents the messy aftermath and emotional turmoil imposed upon Maria by the pursuit of a hollow dream. In this way, Didion criticizes the lethargic and irresponsible American culture on the cusp of the 1970s.
Besides a toxic culture, personal loss is the other factor that ultimately causes Maria's downfall. She keeps losing people dear to her: her parents, her husband, her child and finally, her only real friend in Hollywood. These peoples' disappearances parallel the worsening of her mental state, separating her life in the book into five stages of grief. The loss of her parents starts the denial stage. Carter's disloyalty triggers anger. Her resolution to self-destructive behavior to counter numbness represents bargaining. When she loses her child and collapses near her friend's body, she is deep in the fourth stage: depression. Arguably, the book never explicitly grants Maria a stage of acceptance. She remains traumatized and disappointed as she writes this bitter and bruising account of her life. She is unwilling to pick up the pieces of her life but cynically narrates through her pain. However, from another perspective, the choice to talk about her story can be seen as a sign of acceptance. Didion leaves the motive behind Maria's narration up to the readers. Is Maria in the recovery process, or is she deemed to stay in an irreversible and fragmented life-long tragedy? As readers, we get to decide. Therefore, this book presents a profound question for readers to answer. Didion thus incorporates her readers' feelings and understanding into Maria's story. We read Maria's life as spectators and are welcome to derive meaning from it ourselves. In light of Maria's tragedy, readers gain a highly personal understanding of societal superficiality, interpersonal relationships and their individual pursuits. Revisiting Maria's story, as well as her fundamental elusiveness and uncertainty, almost always invokes more thoughts. She is uniquely complex, with many flaws and countless heartbreaks in a book that continues to startle readers with its intense prose and message.
When Maria ponders her early life in the mental hospital, she attributes her conclusion about life to her father: "My father advised me that life itself was a crap game: it was one of the two lessons I learned as a child. The other was that overturning a rock was to reveal a rattlesnake." Having turned the rock herself and lived a subjectively "crap life," Maria is nonetheless a survivor of this brutal game. In Californian sunshine and palm tree shades, she "[knows] what 'nothing' means, and [keeps] on playing."
i'll read anything
play it as it lays
Ophelia Lu ('26) is majoring in biomedical engineering and minoring in data science in the School of Engineering. She's from Los Angeles, California. Ophelia loves reading, spending hours on a book hoard, calligraphy, biking and listening to music.
Alexa White, Former Graphics Director
Alexa White ('23) is from Traverse City, Michigan, and is double-majoring in secondary education and English. When she isn't writing for The Hustler, she is probably teaching, reading or creating art. After graduation, Alexa plans to be an English teacher and hopes to inspire kids to love reading, writing and exploring their creativity in all forms. She can be reached at [email protected]
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text:
My Faith: Why I don't sing the 'Star Spangled Banner'
Editor's Note: Mark Schloneger is pastor of Springdale Mennonite Church in Waynesboro, Virginia.
By Mark Schloneger, Special to CNN
I choose to belong to a strange tribe. Goshen College, my alma mater, made national news this month when its board of directors decided that the "Star Spangled Banner" would not be played before athletic events.
As could be expected, the decision was met with confusion and contempt. Wasn't this just another example of our traditional values being trampled by the unrelenting march of political correctness? What sort of ingrates object to our nation's anthem, anyway? Fluffy-headed campus philosophers? Lazy latte-sipping liberals?
The decision not to play the national anthem reversed last year's decision to play it for the first time in Goshen College's 116-year history. That, too, caught the media's attention.
It also caused widespread concern and confusion among the college's students, professors, alumni, supporters and, yes, donors - many of whom felt like playing the anthem compromised the college's Christian values.
Goshen is a small school in northern Indiana that's owned and operated as a ministry of Mennonite Church USA. I am a Goshen graduate, a longtime member of the Mennonite Church and the pastor of a Mennonite congregation.
Mennonites live in countries all over the world. Though we speak many languages, have different ethnic origins, and express our faith in diverse ways, we all claim the Anabaptists in 16th century Europe as our spiritual ancestors.
The Anabaptists agreed with most of the ideas of the Protestant Reformation but felt that reformers like Martin Luther and John Calvin didn't go far enough. Anabaptists rejected the practice of infant baptism, for instance, believing that water baptism should be reserved for believers who confess a faith in Jesus.
Because they understood the exercise of state power to be inconsistent with the church's identity and mission, Anabaptists also advocated for the strict separation of church and state. This then-radical stance was prompted by both theology and necessity: Anabaptists had the distinct notoriety of being tortured and killed by both Catholics and Protestants wielding the power of the state against them.
Instead of compromising their core convictions about what it means to follow Jesus, thousands of Anabaptist men and women adhered to their freedom of conscience even as they were mocked by neighbors, burned at stakes and drowned in rivers.
Although there certainly are diverse viewpoints among individual Mennonites today, we continue to advocate for the strict separation of church and state. Most Mennonite churches do not have flags inside them, and many Mennonites are uncomfortable with the ritual embedded in the singing of the national anthem.
That's because we recognize only one Christian nation, the church, the holy nation that is bound together by a living faith in Jesus rather than by man-made, blood-soaked borders.
To Mennonites, a living faith in Jesus means faithfully living the way of Jesus. Jesus called his disciples to love their enemies and he loved his enemies all the way to the cross and beyond. Following Jesus and the martyrs before us, we testify with our lives that freedom is not a right that is granted or defended with rockets' red glare and bombs bursting in air. True freedom is given by God, and it is indeed not free. It comes with a cost, and it looks like a cross.
It's a strange tribe to which I belong, and sometimes it's hard to be strange. We struggle to be inclusive in our welcome yet passionate in our identity. Our desire for acceptance, for approval, is strong, and we don't always live up to the convictions that we set before us.
We must repent of that, for the world cannot know of its brokenness and hopelessness without a people who show a holistic way of life. The world cannot know that there is an alternative to violence and war without a people of peace making peace. The world cannot know that the weak and the vulnerable are cared for by God without a people practicing an economy centered on sharing and mutual aid.
The world cannot know the unsurpassable worth of human life without a people who consistently work to protect it - in the fetus, in the convict, in the immigrant, in the soldier, and in the enemy.
These convictions do not reflect ingratitude or hatred for our country. Rather, they reflect a deep love for the church and a passionate desire for the church to be the church.
Mennonite beliefs and practices seem bizarre to some and offensive to others. But it's life in this strange tribe that keeps me faithful to what I believe. I love my country, but I sing my loyalty and pledge my allegiance to Jesus alone.
The opinions expressed in this commentary are solely those of Mark Schloneger.
Filed under: Christianity • Church and state • Mennonite
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It's not a big deal, sounds to me someone just wanted attention.
June 26, 2011 at 11:11 am |
I keel yoo!
Amen! Speshul snowflakes, y'know? They need attention or they pout!
kingaire
You can still honor your country that gives so much for your freedom to practice that strange religion.
F Daniel Gray
Oh the hypocrisy and the hubris! "You don't like it here, get out" "We brought freedom and democracy here." "You don't mind taking federal money." Well, let's see, how about a few historical facts, which the spouting by know nothings exhibited above, ignore. When the ignorant racist (believed they were superior to any other humans) Europeans arrived on this continent, the humans here who had preceded them by about 20 thousand years, had names for themselves, e.g., Cherokee, Mohawk, Aztec, The above mentioned "whites," stupidly proclaimed, "all of you are "Indians," and still do. Canada,, has now replaced that racist term with the First nations peoples. Certainly a more accurate description.
When the racist and ignorant Europeans got the upper hand, through military might, they "brought forth" a new nation in 1776. That nation, led by "white' men decreed that "freedom and democracy" was NOT for all humans; in fact more than half the humans residing, slaves, women, and the First Nations peoples. And, after "freeing" the slaves, whose free labor provided the foundation for the economic behemoth the nation became 2 centuries later, continued to oppress them by law and agreement, segregation, and discrimination. A bit more humbleness and shame is in order; as opposed to the jingoistic rants so much evidenced in the posts here, still!!!
rocketwire
I hear you. I love Indians.
Trying to Push Them Back into the Woodwork
Slavery was NOT the foundation of the American economic dynamo. The industrial revolution centered in the Northeast, and lagged terribly in the old slave states, which remained relatively poor up to present day. Slavery was a part of agrarianism, not the industrial revolution.
O Canuduh
They are still called Aborigines in many parts of Canada. And they are still discriminated against.
Get on with your life...
Spare us all the evil white people and all other peoples of the world are wonderful human rights observers crap! Taking over another peoples lands and enslaving them is not good. It wasn't good for european whites in america, it wasn't good for members of one indian traibe when they defeated and enslaved the losing tribes people and took their property. It wasn't good when europeans (italy) did it to other europeans (england, germany, etc...). This world is built on survival of the fitest, at it occurs throughout the natural world. Wake up and stop vilifying white europeans until you can justify the thousands of years of the same activities that occured before Columbus ruines the world by finding the US.
I don't care whether the Mennonites sing the song or not. It's their business. Personally, I love the Star Spangled Banner but that doesn't mean I put my core values aside. Sometimes I don't like what this country does at all...like the Iraq incursion, for example.
David Keeber
Having been the host of many Rotary Exchange students, I have been fascinated by their consistent surprise at our nation's use of the anthem at ALL games and public events, as well as our pervasive display of the flag everywhere. All note that in their countries, these are reserved for national events and holidays. After much consideration and discussion, I have come to believe that they don't respect their nations less, that they love their nations and the sacrifices of their ancestors, military and leaders any less. Instead, they don't wear it so obviously due to a more reserved and cooperative approach in societies that are less isolated from other nations, cultures, beliefs. I have also come to believe we do as we do because we tend to be chest beaters in our beliefs. This is both good and bad. Given that the world is changing, might we also consider a less jingoistic way to wear and enjoy our nation's unique place in the world that is less "in your face?" It need not mean that we believe our nation is diminished, but rather can stand strong in a way that is more cooperative and inclusive. This is another opportunity for us all to grow into the world's society of nations.
I am very disturbed by the choice that this college has made. Currently I am serving in Afghanistan and can say there are many reasons to have the "Star Spangled Banner" played before every sporting event and cerimony in our country. The things that the USA does for our nation and freedoms, and national security is superior to any other nation out there. Moreover, to live in the USA and not pay respect to our country's history is sad and discouraging! This college should not be able to compete against any other college or university encompassing the USA, in any of its programs.
What you are suggesting is totally opposite of the liberties the Founding Fathers founded America on.
Another fine example of a group of people enjoying the freedoms this country provides without doing a darn thing to help support those freedoms. Play it / don't play it – that's their choice in a free nation. But when the nation needs them and they all go running behind their conscientious objector cowardice, then they can deal with the resulting loss of freedoms and the persecution they will have brought upon them.
This article just preached religion rather than talking about the topic of the article. Poorly done sir, not a good article when you just skim over everything to finally see the last sentence which answered why you don't sing the Star Spangled Banner.
Americashero
Your country can be honored as well as your God. Honoring one doesn't necessarily diminish the other. The Star Spangled Banner was written near the end of the War of 1812. Francis Scott Key was against the war, but he was so moved by the victory and the sight of or huge flag still flying after a fierce battle that he wrote the words that later became the national anthem.
God comes before country, period! Thank you for sticking to your beliefs.
then lets kill you now so you can go straight to your 'kingdom of heaven' and get out of my country.
There is not god! Get over it...
AfghanVet17
You know, I'm getting a little tired of all the religious zealots in this country, shoving the words of this ancient story down our throats and hiding behind its "laws". The fact of the matter is that the Bible was written as a tool by the then governing bodies to keep it's people in line through fear, and thousands of years later it seems to still be doing its job to a large group of egg-heads. This country was founded on progressive ideals, and it continues to thrive and, in my opinion, grow. Religion has no place in determining our laws or patriotism. Get with it, or get out.
chuckmartel
There is way too much religion in this country. "People of faith:"this, "my faith" that, etc. They should read some real books, study science or do something to improve their minds. Although I agree with the article on seperation of church and state, this crowd seems religous zealot creepy. They should lighten up or find their own island. To make matters worse, the US is now importing record numbers of rag headed dark age primitives that have to whip out rugs and pray 5 times a day, threaten cartoonists with death and are always tryng to blow someone up. I guess you had your share of them Afghanvet17.
DaleH
I read this with much joy in the Lord. I am also a Christian, and it is clear that Scriptures teach us that we are a part of the Kingdom of God, when Christ translates us into His kingdom by grace through faith in Him. We owe our hearts, minds, souls, and strength to Him alone. Yes, America is a wonderful and great nation, formed by men, and it has done great things. But pledging our allegiance to it, in my view, is wrong, as God alone deserves our allegiance. We also feel that singing anthems to America, posting the flag, having political rallies, or the like, do not belong in the House of the Lord at all, and they are an abomination in His temple. We do not ever condemn anyone who wishes to partake in traditions, but we hold a personal view that for us, God and God alone deserve certain praises from our lips.
Stevan
God deserves your allegence why? Does he turn on electricity in your house? Food on the table? Keep you from pain? Keep you in love? Keep you safe? Keep you warm? Keep you cool? Provide shelter? Does he do anything in your life what so ever to make it better? And if so name it. Because there are 100s of millions of people in third world countries watching their kids die in horrendous pain who would argue God does not deserve allegence. At least our nation provides a road to drive on..and that is tangable. Muslims IMO are by far more dedicated in their allegence to God then christians..I know I spent 10 years killen them. Yet look at the misery they endure due to their allegence to God.
You sound like you're ready to wear one of those detonating vests or one of those jackets with the extra-long arms.
People have been looking up for 2000 years for some mystical salvation. It has never come. Yet your salvation is with in arms length with your fellow man. Keep looking up and youll never see where your going.
I wish more people would put their country ahead of their religion. That way we wouldn't always be worried when we elect a president whether they'll be "taking orders from the pope", "praying with their finger on the red button" or secretly visiting madrassas. The principles of America should supercede the principles of religion X.
Sam Sixpack
Your kids play sports at Goshen because patriots fought for your freedom. Now you enjoy the spoils of their sacrifice. What's up with you eating that poison fruit?
DallasMarine
When terrorists and barbarians are overrunning this country, the religious will beg the U.S. Military to save them, not God. What's next, choosing to disobey the laws in this country because they follow the "laws of God"? Get out of here.
Shamrock6
They are already here. They run the place.
You expect terrorists and barbarians to overrun the country? Really?
Mighty7
Another jarhead just showing us how ignorant many of them can be:
THERE ARE NO LAWS that require ANYONE to sing the national anthem.
Do they teach you civics in the boot camp or is it all just running and shooting?
Admirable lifestyle. But their religious freedom was bought with the blood of their fellow countrymen. Playing the national anthem would be a sign of respect to veterans like myself who realize that freedom (religious or otherwise) isn't free (to all) and that, while God may save us in the hereafter, he has not been all that effective in protecting us down here. They could have tried this brand of Christianity anywhere else in the world, but they flourished here in America BECAUSE religious tolerance was part of our NATION's founding principles (an idea that's lost on many "Christians" today). Try being non-nationalist or a fringe religious sect in other, less-tolerant parts of the world. Separation of church and state doesn't mean you can have one but not the other.
hippe
America was founded on religious tolerance??? Who's religious tolerance was it founded on, the Native Americans? Fact: America was founded on Christian religious intolerance, millions of Native people were forced to convert to Christianity
It's a complicated world. We do our best.
Martene
That's a stupid reason not to sing the Anthem. If you don't like a policy get involved and get it changed – vote for the right people to change things. If your religion doesn't allow you to be an American, then you are Un-American.
Agree!!! It is un-American!!!
I am Un-american and proud of it!!! I am NOT a patriot!!!!
skytag
Singing the national anthem is not required for one to be an American. Why are you attacking a complete stranger with such a straw man argument?
He doesn't want to sing the national anthem. You don't want to tolerate people who don't want to sing the national anthem. Which sounds more un-American?
looseparts
What's it mean to be an "American"? Certainly it means different things to different people. I was born here; that makes me a citizen of the United States. My family was born here; going back 7-12 generations. But just because I was born here doesn't make me proud that my white ancestors cheated, lied and conducted genocide to acquire the land that we call America. Being born here doesn't make me proud that my white ancestors chained men women and children to the decks of ships to be sold into slavery. Being born here doesn't make me proud that my government maintains a military presence 10 times bigger than any other country. No. Do I sing the national anthem at sporting events? No. If I were still in the 6th grade would I pledge allegiance to the flag? No. But what makes me proud to be an American is having the ability to stand up for justice and live in the hope for effecting the change I want. I'm a proud American who doesn't sing the national anthem.
Why do you call singing the anthem or any other nationalist obedience ritual a policy? They are traditions, not matters of law, and rather pointless traditions at that.
Cantureason
Last time I checked freedom was given by a secular nation who's men and women died defending. Just might be me, but I don't recall seeing god sweep down on his chariots and slay the British.
They have the freedom to live their lives they way they want to. That is what our soldiers died for.
Pete: Yeah it does! It's all through it. Their allegiance is to God not this country, they are nonresistant, & believe in separation of church & state. They believe singing can be a form of worship & they worship only God.
The propaganda line about "fighting for our freedom and democracy" was first used to try to get the American people to desire to entire into WWI (America's First Crusade) (more than 60% had no desire for entering a war). It was repeated for America's Second Crusade (WWII), and has been successfully used by war profiteers and propagandists since.
Please, war is a racket, to quote General Butler.
I applaud the writer for his conviction and succint explanation. Indeed, true freedom is of the Father, paid for by the Son.
In WWI Germany was trying to get Mexico to enter the war and attack us. They rejected the suggestion, but it gave proponents of entering the war some real meat to use in their arguments. In WWII two countries declared war on us, so that didn't give us a lot of wiggle room.
Thank you, thank you, thank you!! Maj. Gen. Smedly Butler is one of my biggest heros. I am a former Marine and am so proud that he took a stand. I quote him CONSTANTLY!!!!
Peter Q Wolfe
Personally there is lots of truths to what this protestant christian denomination is stating. I've decided from being an atheist/agnostic to turn instead towards christianity either in roman catholicism or methodist just appears that everyne is in the details just losing sight of the purpose of christianity. I believe that we all need to re-evaluate what we think we know and instead think about repenting. However, it isn't my place for me to tell you what to believe in. I also believe that I like others need to practice what we preach cause of recent sins that I need to reattend church and get off of alchol and stop having infedelity. Sorry Jesus for I have sinned.
Oh dear, another "I was an atheist who found Jesus" liar.
Tell the truth – you were never an atheist or agnostic. You never seriously considered the possibility of the non-existence of God. You were just a Christian on vacation.
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text:
Newsroom / Corporate Information / Executives Jay Schaefer
Jay Schaefer
Vice President and Treasurer
Jay Schaefer was appointed to vice president and treasurer of Hawaiian Airlines in February 2016. He is responsible for overseeing corporate finance, fleet financing, cash management, fuel and foreign exchange hedging and enterprise risk management.
Schaefer brings to Hawaiian more than 20 years of experience in financial planning and analysis and treasury operations. He most recently served in various financial planning and analysis and transportation finance roles for Amazon in Seattle. Previously, he spent 13 years with Alaska Air Group where he held manager, director and vice president roles. As vice president - finance and treasurer for the parent company of Alaska Airlines and Horizon Air industries, Schaefer led three operational teams, guiding capital allocation decisions, and driving return on invested capital for the two subsidiaries.
Schaefer earned a bachelor's in economics and political science from the University of California in Santa Cruz, and a master's in business administration from the University of Washington.
Codeshares


text:
Click-Through Rates Drop in Q2, DoubleClick Says
Click-through rates for online advertising dropped for the first time in six quarters, DoubleClick said yesterday.
Average click-through rates for all ads served by advertisers and publishers in the second quarter of 2003 were 0.61 percent, down from 0.7 percent in the five previous quarters, the New York-based online marketing and advertising services and technology provider said in its DoubleClick Q2 2003 Ad Serving Trend Report.
Meanwhile, rich media — ads with moving graphics, interactivity and sound — averaged click-through rates of 1.87 percent in the quarter, nearly five times that of non-rich media ads, which averaged 0.34 percent click-through rates in the quarter.
However, rich media click-through rates dropped 15 percent from the first quarter of 2003, which DoubleClick said could indicate a growing use of rich media for branding rather than direct response objectives.
Rich media accounted for 32 percent of all ads served in second-quarter 2003, up 14 percent from the preceding quarter.
DoubleClick reported that it served 149.8 billion ads in the second quarter, a 10 percent increase over first-quarter 2003 and a 5 percent rise over fourth-quarter 2002.
The standard banner remains the No. 1 ad unit, accounting for 42 percent of ads served in second-quarter 2003, DoubleClick said. Skyscrapers are the second most popular, accounting for 9 percent of total volume.
Content targeting now accounts for more than half of all publisher-served ads, the report said. Technological forms of targeting, such as by browser type, domain or operating system, account for less than 2 percent of publisher-served ads, the report said, adding that most targeting is done at the publisher level.
Geo-targeting accounts for 7.36 percent of publisher inventory, the report said.
Though dayparting gets a lot of lip service in online advertising discussions, it still accounts for only 1.69 percent of publishers' inventory, DoubleClick reported.
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Adding xylanase and mannanase to the diets of young pigs may support gut health and digestion when fibrous coproducts are used in the feed, say researchers.
A team of researchers from the University of Hawaii at Manoa and North Carolina State University examined the influence of xylanase and mannanase on nutrient digestion and gut health when added to swine diets as a way to improve the use of dried distiller grains (DDGS).
In the feeding trial, researchers found that adding xylanase to the diet supported the production of propionate, which provided energy to the piglet. And supplemental mannanase expanded production of butyrate and supported gut health.
In commercial farming endeavors, common practice is to generate a diet using least-cost ingredients to have a better return on investment, the researchers said. However, the demand and supply of feed ingredient can be "stretched" by competition among feed, food and fuel as well as the decrease in cultivable land.
It is critical to study and improve the use of alternative feed ingredients in different feeding systems and to find methods to use coproducts efficiently in swine diets, they said.
Adding enzymes to degrade non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) could be one method.
A larger amount of NSP in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) can stimulate fermentation activities and alter gut microbial ecology, they said. Increasing the use of DDGS in diets also can cause oxidative stress, which affects the generation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines.
Supplementing diets with exogenous enzymes may help an animal tolerate such a diet by depolymerizing NSP and improving the digestibility and fermentability of nutrients, they said. These changes also may support a healthier gut and better performance in animals.
Nutrient digestibility was examined in two sets of studies, the researchers said.
In an in vitro trial, the residue of DDGS that had been enzymatically digested were exposed to two levels of supplemental xylanase – 0 or 1,500 endo-pentoseanase unit (EPU) of xylanase/kg of diet – and one of two amounts of supplemental mannanase – 0 or 400 unit of mannanase/kg of diet, they said.
Gas produced by fermentation of the residue and the CO2 released was measured at 0, 2, 5, 8,, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 and 72h, they said. At the end of the fermentation, period samples were analyzed for short chain fatty acids (SCFA).
The second trial was in vivo, and 32 weaned piglets were given one of four, corn-soybean-based diets with 15% DDGS for a period of 20 days, with six days of adaption on the basal diet, the researchers said. Starting on day 7 the diets also included either 0 or 1,500 EPU of xylanase/kg of diet and 0 or 400 unit of mannanase/kg of diet.
Blood samples were taken on day 18 and all piglets were harvested on day 20, they said. At that point the GIT was collected, digesta samples from the ileum, jejunum and colon were taken and mucosa samples were gathered from the duodenum and middle jejunum.
Samples were checked for tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and were used to determine viscosity, pH and apparent ileal digestibility (AID) coefficient of dry matter, GE, NSP, AX and mannan, they said.
In the in vitro trial, the influence of the supplemental enzymes on gas production was first seen at 5h of incubation, the researchers said.
Mannanase was only found to alter the production of butyrate, they said. There was no influence on branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA).
In the in vivo trial, adding xylanase to the feed raised levels of SCFA, propionate, acetate and the AID of total NSP, GE and AX, the researchers said.
Supplemental mannanase boosted production of butyrate, occluding and the AID of mannan, they said. However, it tended to reduce the MDA level in the jejunum.
Additionally, an interaction between the two additives was noted the concentration of ZO-1, the researchers said.


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Here's the full 2022 Columbus Crew schedule
Jacob Myers
Believe it or not, there are almost two months left until the 2022 MLS season begins at Lower.com Field with the Crew taking on the Vancouver Whitecaps on Feb. 26 to mark the earliest start in league history.
Here's the Crew's complete 34-game schedule, released by MLS on Wednesday. Times for matches will be updated.
Saturday, Feb. 26: vs. Vancouver Whitecaps, 3:30 p.m.
Saturday, March 5: at San Jose Earthquakes, 5:30 p.m.
Saturday, March 12: vs. Toronto FC, 1:30 p.m.
Sunday, March 20: at New York Red Bulls, 2 p.m.
Saturday, April 2: vs. Nashville SC, 6 p.m.
Saturday, April 9: at Philadelphia Union, 7:30 p.m.
Saturday, April 16: vs. Orlando City SC, 7:30 p.m.
Saturday, April 23: at Sporting Kansas City, 8:30 p.m.
Saturday, April 30: vs. D.C. United, 7:30 p.m.
Saturday, May 7: at New England Revolution, 7:30 p.m.
Saturday, May 14: at New York City FC, 7 p.m.
Saturday, May 21: vs. LAFC, 3:30 p.m.
Saturday, May 28: at Atlanta United, 7 p.m.
Saturday, June 18: vs. Charlotte FC, 7:30 p.m.
Saturday, June 25: at Real Salt Lake, 10 p.m.
Wednesday, June 29: at Toronto FC, 7:30 p.m.
Sunday, July 3: vs. Philadelphia Union, 7:30 p.m.
Saturday, July 9: at Chicago Fire, 8 p.m.
Wednesday, July 13: at D.C. United, 8 p.m.
Sunday, July 17: vs. FC Cincinnati, 7:30 p.m.
Saturday, July 23: vs. New England Revolution, 7:30 p.m.
Saturday, July 30: at Charlotte FC, 7 p.m.
Wednesday, Aug. 3: vs. CF Montreal, 7:30 p.m.
Saturday, Aug. 6: vs. NYCFC, 7:30 p.m.
Saturday, Aug. 13: at Colorado Rapids, 9 p.m.
Sunday, Aug. 21: vs. Atlanta United, 6 p.m.
Saturday, Aug. 27: at FC Cincinnati, 7:30 p.m.
Wednesday, Aug. 31: vs. Inter Miami, 7:30 p.m.
Saturday, Sept. 3: vs. Chicago Fire, 7:30 p.m.
Friday, Sept. 9: at CF Montreal, 7:30 p.m.
Tuesday, Sept. 13: at Inter Miami, 8 p.m.
Sunday, Sept. 18: vs. Portland Timbers, 1 p.m.
Saturday, Oct. 1: vs. New York Red Bulls, 7:30 p.m.
Sunday, Oct. 9: at Orlando City SC, TBD
jmyers@dispatch.com
@_jcmyers
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REVIEWS of the Coast's very own supercar vary depending on who you ask in Jason Overland's house.
His desire for the limited-edition racers was ignited during his late teens in Caloundra when he saw Giacattolos being tested around town.
Italian for "toy", only 15 Giacattolos were built in the late 1980s.
Their precision engineering and mid-mounted V8 engine proved too much for Mr Overland to resist and he bought one from its original owner about two years ago.
While he fusses over its immaculate appearance, his wife Jodie is less glowing in her appraisal.
Mr Overland said she was more inclined to refer to it as "that 80s piece of s***".
"She doesn't get it," Mr Overland said.
He has organised a reunion of Australia's remaining Giocattolo's to coincide with the release of supercar designer Barry Lock's latest model, the Aero, in August.
The Caloundra Supercar Event will also serve as a fundraiser for Inclusive Kids, a Coast-based program for disadvantaged children.
It will also mark 30 years since Giacattolos started rolling off the Caloundra production line.
Cars will be on display at the Caloundra Events Centre from 11am on August 12, with a supercar cocktail dinner to be held that evening.
Tickets for the display event will be available on the day while tickets for the cocktail dinner can be purchased from Coast charity IFYS on 5438 3000 or by emailing Clint Lovell on clovell@inclusivekids.com.au.
Then on August 13 cars will travel to Lakeside Raceway to be on display with a range of other vehicles involved in the Lakeside Classic.


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Critical Thinking May 5, 2014 August 28, 2016
Seth Warner or Ethan Allen: Who Led the Green Mountain Boys?
by Gene Procknow
Statues of Seth Warner at Bennington, Vermont (left) and Ethan Allen in the U.S. Capitol Rotunda (right).
The legendary stories of Ethan Allen and Vermont's Green Mountain Boys have long been part of American folklore. Their heroically described exploits are fabled in many fictional accounts and children's books.[1] Allen's name is synonymously linked with the Green Mountain Boys as if he was their sole leader. However, while Allen receives the fame, there is a strong case that Seth Warner, a lesser-known member of the Green Mountain Boys, was the more impactful military leader during the American Revolution.
Prior to the revolution, Allen organized New Hampshire land grantees into a militia-like organization to protect their disputed land claims from New York usurpation in the area we call Vermont today. New York authorities derisively referred to this extra-legal organization as the Green Mountain Boys, and Vermonters adopted the name with pride. Allen became its widely recognized leader by employing aggressive pamphleteering, intimidation and strong-arm tactics. Allen famously thumbed his nose at the New York authorities with bombastic statements such as:
"The Gods of the valleys are not the Gods of the hills"[2]
Under Allen's direction and encouragement, the Green Mountain Boys became a very effective paramilitary force, which backed up his magniloquent oratory.
In May 1775, Allen's place in American history was cemented by leading a contingent of the Green Mountain Boys (along with Benedict Arnold[3]) in seizing Fort Ticonderoga. The colorful surrender demand attributed to Allen is:
"In the name of the Great Jehovah and the Continental Congress. Damn it!"[4]
Although Fort Ticonderoga was widely regarded as the "Gibraltar of North America," Allen's military conquest was vastly overestimated in light of the fort's poor condition and ineffective garrison.
During the revolution, Seth Warner emerged as the leader of the Green Mountain Boys. A day after Fort Ticonderoga fell, Warner led a contingent of the Green Mountain Boys in capturing British forces at Crown Point. Crown Point was as weakly defended and as strategically important as Fort Ticonderoga. Both Warner and Ethan Allen traveled to Philadelphia to meet with the Continental Congress to obtain military pay for the Green Mountain Boys and to obtain permission to enlist a Green Mountain regiment in the Continental Army. They returned with both.
The Green Mountain Boys regiment was authorized by the Continental Congress but under the auspices of the State of New York. In deference to their unique status, the Green Mountain Boys received the right to elect their own officers rather than having them appointed by the New York authorities.[5] By a surprising margin of 41 to 5, Seth Warner was elected leader of the Green Mountain Boys regiment.[6] The rationale for selecting Warner over Allen is not clear. Perhaps there was a feud between the two men or maybe the conservative residents of the New Hampshire Grants sought a less rash and impetuous leader.[7]
Although Ethan Allen was piqued with the decision to elect Warner he managed to wrangle a volunteer role in the American expedition to drive the British from Canada in the fall of 1775. The Green Mountain Boys made a good decision as Allen rashly attacked Montreal with a small group of Canadian farmers ahead of the main American force. He was captured and sent to Britain in chains.
In contrast to Allen's defeat, Warner led the Green Mountain Boys, now known as Colonel Warner's Continental Regiment, to victory against Major General Guy Carleton[8] at the battle of Longueuil near Montreal on November 1, 1775. The victory blocked Carleton's attempt to relieve the American siege of St. Johns and demonstrated Seth Warner's military prowess. After this battle, Warner and his men returned to their homes for the winter.
In January 1776 Brigadier General David Wooster asked Seth Warner to reform his regiment and return to Canada. Remarkably, Warner was able to raise the regiment in the dead of winter and travel to the front lines. In the spring, when the British returned with overwhelming force, Warner orchestrated a well-organized rear guard defense. This allowed the Continental Army to avoid annihilation during a disorganized retreat from Canada to Fort Ticonderoga.
During the 1777 British invasion led by General Burgoyne, Seth Warner again proved that he was a capable military leader. In July 1777, he ably commanded undersized rear guard units at the battle of Hubbarton, Vermont and rallied his troops to cement a patriot victory at Bennington in August. British losses at these two battles weakened their invasion force, which aided the Continental Army victory at Saratoga in October. After the 1777 campaign, Warner continued leading his regiment despite declining health until the unit was disbanded on January 1, 1781.
While Warner was protecting Vermont from British invasion, Ethan Allen remained a prisoner of war. After three years of captivity, Allen was exchanged and returned to Vermont after General Burgoyne's invasion had been thwarted. Shortly after his homecoming, he was named a general in the Vermont militia but commanded no troops in the field or in battle. His energies turned to the political future of Vermont.
As the war dragged on Ethan Allen became increasingly concerned that the Continental Congress would not uphold the New Hampshire land grants, and therefore would fail to recognize Vermont as an independent state. Whether this was the cause or not, Allen opened up clandestine negotiations with Canadian Governor Sir Frederick Haldimand for Vermont to rejoin the British Empire. Initially, these negotiations were privy to a small group called the Arlington Junto, but eventually rumors leaked to other military and political leaders including New Hampshire General John Stark.[9]
Allen attempted to justify why Vermonters needed to negotiate with the British. In a December 7, 1780 letter to Stark, Allen said:
"I am at a loss to form an Idea what the people of the United States would have Vermont to do –"[10]
Allen's perspective was that Vermont was in a bind without allies who would recognize its sovereignty.
In opposition to Allen's parley initiative, Seth Warner publically demanded that Allen and the Arlington Junto cease their negotiations.[11] This was to be Warner's last public service. His life was cut short by an illness probably hastened by extensive exposure to the brutal Vermont winters during his military service. He died at the age of 42 in 1784. Although Allen lived another five years, neither leader lived to see Vermont join the United States.
There are good reasons why Warner should be regarded as the leader of the Green Mountain Boys during the revolution. He was elected by his peers to lead them into battle. He did so during three hard years of campaigning and performed admirably as a tactical battlefield commander. Furthermore, unlike Ethan Allen, Seth Warner's loyalty to the United States was never questioned.
Allen's knack for self-promotion, blustery political writing and bellicose oratory created an illusion of him as the superior Revolutionary War leader of the Green Mountain Boys. His principal accomplishments emanate from his pre-war activities to defend the New Hampshire land claimants and for his leadership role in seizing the dilapidated but vaunted Fort Ticonderoga.
In actuality, Seth Warner was the elected and recognized commander of the Green Mountain Boys during their entire service with the Continental Army, with Ethan Allen playing the important political roles of firebrand, publicist and spokesperson. Clearly, the American cause benefited from Seth Warner's military leadership, while Ethan Allen's political leadership was critical to the formation of Vermont as a distinct, independent sovereign entity.
[FEATURED IMAGE AT TOP: Statues of Seth Warner at Bennington, Vermont (left) and Ethan Allen in the U.S. Capitol Rotunda (right).]
[1] Ethan Allen and the Green Mountain Boys by R. Conrad Stein, Ethan Allen: The Green Mountain Boys and Vermont's Path to Statehood by Emily Raabe and Ethan Allen: Green Mountain Boy by Gertrude Hecker Winders are good examples of children's books.
[2] Willard Sterne Randall, Ethan Allen – His Life and Times (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2011), 236-7 provides the context and provenience of this quote.
[3] While there is some dispute whether Allen or Arnold was in command (or were co-commanders), Arnold's role is downplayed in many popular accounts due to his subsequent traitorous actions, further burnishing Allen's exploits.
[4] Walter Hill Crockett, Vermont – The Green Mountain State (New York: The Century History Company, Inc., 1921), Vol. I, 436. The exact wording of Allen's surrender demand is open to considerable conjecture and debate. Crocket is convinced that the version he reports is correct given subsequent attributions by Ethan Allen, Ira Allen, Samuel Williams (who wrote the first history of Vermont) and an aged survivor quoted in the "History of Shorham"; see pages 438-9.
[5] Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789, Friday June 23, 1775.
[6] Daniel Chipman, Memoir of Seth Warner (Middlebury, VT: L. W. Clark, 1848), 35.
[7] Crockett, Vermont, Vol. I, 478-9.
[8] Guy Carleton was Governor and Commander of Quebec.
[9] Frederic F. VandeWater, The Reluctant Republic – Vermont 1724-1791 (New York: The John Day Company, 1941), 270-1. VandeWater names seven key members including Thomas Chittenden, Ira Allen, Ethan Allen, Timothy Brownson, Jonas Fay, John Fassett and Matthew Lyon.
[10] John J. Duffy, Ethan Allen and his Kin Correspondence 1772-1819 (Hanover and London: University Press of New England, 1998), Vol. I, 106-7.
[11] Crockett, Vermont, Vol. II, 334 and Charles A. Jellison, Ethan Allen – Frontier Rebel, (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1969), 266-7.
Ethan Allen, Green Mountain Boys, Seth Warner, Vermont
Gene Procknow
More from Gene Procknow
Ethan Allen: Patriot, Land Promoter or Turncoat?
The Controversy In the region we call Vermont today land claims were...
The Legacy of Ethan Allen
Bennington Fatally Delays Burgoyne
Hearth Cooking at the Ethan Allen Homestead
Dan C says:
The author makes a strong case why Seth Warner was the real leader (the other guy was sitting in prison!). I found this to be a good history lesson.
Elijah Shalis says:
Fort Ticonderoga was actually in very good shape and had been largely rebuilt since the French had destroyed it.
Gene Procknow says:
The British did make plans to improve the fort but only minor improvements to make it more habitable were made before Allen's capture in May, 1775.
Major-General Haldimand to Governor Tryon September 1, 1773
"…Ticonderoga, being in a most ruinous state…"
General Thomas Gage to Haldimand October 5, 1774
"I am fully sensible of the bad state of the Buildings at Ticonderoga and am not surprised at the accident you mention, you did right in ordering some small repairs, to make the Commissary's Room habitable, but you will be at as little Expense as possible , as it may soon be expected something will be decided respecting the Fort."
On November 5, 1774, Lord Dartmouth ordered both Ft. Ticonderoga and Crown Point to be put "in such a state as may effectually answer the purposes for which they were originally intended"
Fortunately for Allen and his raiders, communications delays and the winter conditions kept these orders from being for being carried out.
Clifford Mullen says:
There is enough primary source evidence to completely support the thrust of the article that Warner was the real leader – and a darn good one too (the evidence in the primary sources has impressed this old retired Infantry First Sergeant). The article mentions the Haldiman negotiations very superficially, shallow even. I have found several primary sources mentioning the Regiment being raised for a particular purpose; that purpose was, by all evidence, to keep Warner (considered by Congress to be very influential in Vermont) loyal to the US. Governor Chittenden and the Allen Bros. were indeed negotiating with the Crown on being recognized as a Province BUT, this seems to have been a response to Congress' plan to invade Vermont and subdue it (I have a transcript of the debate, which is in the Congressional Record). The article notes Allen involved in the negotiations, while Warner spoke against it; true. However, looking behind the scenes (VT had promoted Warner to Brigadier General of Militia and was paying supplements to the Regiment) it very strongly suggests that Vermont was playing Balance of Power politics, fending off two great powers (Britain and the US) by pretending they would go the other way if either invaded, while simultaneously fighting a bit of a war with NY (have an after action report of one battle), in an armed stand off with NH, and really bad relations with MA… all of whom were claiming the ground. It is a situation that is just not simple at all. *Speculation Alert: Noting that Allen and Warner were cousins, and all knew Governor Chittenden quite well, I have often wondered if Warner wasn't playing "good cop" to the Allens' and Chittenden's "bad cop". E. Allen was an impetuous self promoter, but he and his brother Ira were no rubes.
Thank you Clifford for your thoughtful comment. I agree that the Haldimand negotiations deserve a richer explanation. For views on these negotiations, see my previous article
http://allthingsliberty.com/2013/11/ethan-allen-patriot-land-promoter-turncoat/
You raise an interesting point about Ethan Allen and Seth Warner being related and playing good cop and bad cop. Clearly the uncertain geopolitical situation fostered the Vermonters to feel alone and exposed.
William Hessling says:
Warner and Allen were not cousins but Remember Baker was their cousin in common. If that makes sense….
Jim Gallagher says:
Gene neatly stated the case that after Ft. St Jean, in May 1775, Seth Warner became the military leader of the Green Mountain contingent throughout the remainder of the Revolution, and I agree. I would like to opine on the election of Seth Warner to command the Continental Independent Regiment. I won't footnote it, as its an opinion, but intend to use readily known or easily verifiable fact in support.
Allen was a land speculator. He sowed the seeds of his speculation as a scout throughout the 1760's, during which time he ranged the New Hampshire Grant area – the no-man's land between New York and New Hampshire – and excerpts from his glowing reports were used by agents of Benning Wentworth (Governor of New Hampshire) as inducements to prospective grant purchasers. During this time he made some small land purchases of his own, and participated in several land speculation companies operating in the southwestern New Hampshire Grant area. As a result, Allen was known to New Hampshire Grant settlers as a prominent figure in the land speculation market and the grant disputes. His recognizable position and personal investment had made him a natural selection to lead Grant settler's legal battle against New York in 1770 and to continue in a lead role in land protection affairs thereafter. Loss of the court case begat real threat as New York issued and tried to enforce warrants to dispossess New Hampshire Grant settlers. This indirectly led to Allen's formation, along with his brothers and cousin Remember Baker, of the "Onion River Company" in 1771. The Company specialized in buying, from panicked sellers at fire-sale prices, New Hampshire land grants. The Allen-led Onion River Company invested their life fortunes buying up hundreds of thousands of acres of disputable grants (including about 250,000 acres that is todays Burlington, Vt.). Resale of these grants along with Allen's commitment to hold out against New York enhanced Allen's reputation and status among Grant settlers; many of whom had purchased titles from Allen or his company and looked to him to make them good. Thus, while Allen was vested with leadership in the land dispute with New York, his motivation wasn't solely to achieve justice for Grant holders but also preservation of his own substantial interest and reputation.
Allen's statements and activities throughout the grant fights of the early 1770's led to extreme animosity of New York authorities against Allen and the speculators; leading to death threats and warrants issued by both sides. In the absence of a government structure within the Grants, an Allen-engineered meeting at Bennington's Catamount Tavern led to institution of a set of rules intended to provide order within the New Hampshire Grants. This ersatz "law" included a rule that forbade anyone in the Grants from holding "any office of honor or profit under the colony of New York".
In New York animosity towards Allen and New Hampshire grant-holders wasn't limited to Crown representatives, but carried throughout the ranks of "Yorkers", public servants, private grant holders and members of speculation companies who held conflicting New York-issued land patents and who had rallied to the cause of American republicanism. Allen's "deal" with the Continental Congress to raise a regiment of skilled Green Mountain frontiersmen was based upon the premise that the Continental Congress would dismiss New York Crown-based claims against those settlers occupying property within the grants. But, Congress could not so easily dismiss New York claims and turned the tables by placing command of the new regiment under Northern Department commander Phillip Schuyler (who favored the New York position on the grant issue) and putting the responsibility for funding the regiment upon the provincial government of New York.
This was the situation facing New Hampshire Grant leaders who gathered at Kent Tavern in Dorset in the summer of 1775 to elect officers for the new Independent Green Mountain Regiment to be raised for the Northern Department under the auspices of New York. But leadership against New York in the land dispute was not the same as leadership of a Continental regiment in a collective effort with New York against Britain. Electors had to weigh the value of Ethan Allen as commander of a Continental regiment which could be called away from the region to fight elsewhere, so leaving the area void of leadership and men to protect against New York sheriffs bearing eviction warrants; versus the value of Allen as the dogged protagonist able to mount legal defense of land interests and homesteads and rally the settlers to defense of their property. Next was the ability of Allen to work constructively with New York leaders and if he did, how that relationship would erode Allen's ability to protect New Hampshire grant holders. Finally, if Allen were to command under New York provisional government it would have invalidated the Catamount rules forbidding Grant people from holding office under New York government and with it the invalidation of the remaining Catamount rules which were the only governance in place at the time… which leads to consideration of the urgent need to create a more formal governance of the Grants and to postulate Allen's role in the development of an independent Catamount Republic.
The cumulative factors indicate Ethan Allen's considerable value at home within the Grants, clearly suggesting someone other than Allen to lead the Continental regiment; but not just anyone. There were ample reasons why Seth Warner was a good choice. Warner had long been considered second-in-command of the Green Mountain Boys and had recently displayed military ability in the capture of Ticonderoga, Crown Point and was largely responsible for successful extrication of the men when Allen overextended his reach at Fort St. John. He was considered a relatively long-term Grant resident with a well-regarded reputation. He was involved, along with Allen and others, in organizing Grant homesteaders into a disciplined militia force with effective notification and response measures. He had displayed forbearance on several occasions in dealing with Grant settlement issues. On one occasion a New York posse under Justice Munro had captured Remember Baker and cut off his thumb. During Warner's intervention he spared Munro's life by striking him with the flat of his sword-blade rather than inflicting serious injury. Warner had also spared settlers who had built homes based on New York grants, causing them to remove the roofs from their homes which were later replaced after the settlers had their grants verified through purchase of conflicting New Hampshire titles. He had also proven his tactical acumen in the Breakenridge standoff, during which Warner's astute position of Green Mountain militia thwarted a large New York eviction posse without a shot being fired. Since Warner wasn't a member of any land speculation company, he was a private figure in the grant dispute and could not be overly criticized for defending his personal homestead interest. Warner's election placed an uncontroversial and respected figure at the head of the Continental regiment while keeping Allen at home where it was thought he could be best utilized in defense of the Grant homesteads and in formation of a government to represent the independent Republic of Vermont. A conclusion reached without looking at subsequent events for verification.
Jim, you provide a well reasoned, plausible rationale for Vermonters selecting Seth Warner over Ethan Allen to lead the Green Mountain Boys Continental Regiment. I have always been concerned with the simplistic explanation that the Vermonters were concerned with Allen's impetuosity, especially since many of the examples happened after the officer selection (i.e., the ill advised attack on Montreal). Certainly economic and political security concerns were paramount on the minds of the Vermonters and they had all the reason to focus Allen on these objectives and not be distracted by a command which did not share these goals.
gordon warner adams says:
s one of my 5th ggrandfathers,i am still learning more than i ever knew.thank you
Gordon, please share any stories you learn about your Warner ancestors. Much is left unsaid about Seth Warner's life.
Hello Gordon, as Seth Warner was one of my 6th great grandfathers I would be interested in any more information you may have found.
Thank you cousin!
Jeremiah Rivers says:
In response to Jim G.'s well reasoned conclusion regarding the choice of Warner over Allen, I wonder if you've come across information regarding the nonmilitary behavior of the Boys after Ticonderoga fell, and how many people were concerned about the lack of order exhibited by the Boys.
This, compounded with Allen's self interest in his family's investment in the Grants may have led voters to see Allen as a less desirable military leader than Warner.
In numerous writings concerning Warner and Allen, it seems Warner put the needs of his neighbors before himself, while Allen did the opposite, placing his needs before his neighbors. Who would you vote for?
Joan Watts Cooper says:
My grandchildren have Seth Warner as Sixth great grandfather through Seth Warner's son John Warner.
Our great, great grandmother was born in Buffalo, N.Y. with her grands in Western N.Y.
This generation lives in Michigan.
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