Windows Security Booster is regarded as malicious rogue security program, distributed by cyber scammers over the cyber world to trick money from those innocent victimized computer users. The Windows Security Booster program also refers to the so-called fake anti-spyware due to its using disguise of a anti-virus program's features and similar graphics. Windows Security Booster fake security program comes on targeted user's computer by self running an established bogus scanner. It will inform victimized users that their computer are in high-risk of damage due to a lot of security threats have been detected. Besides that, the Windows Security Booster fake anti-spyware still pops-up a series of errors to threaten victimized users. As doing so will the Windows Security Booster persuade targeted computer users into purchasing a non-existent full version of the software. You can refer to the screenshot of the Windows Security Booster fake program as following.
Windows Security Booster fake anti-spyware aims at tricking money and stealing confidential data from innocent victimized users. This fake program can bring our incredible damage once left on the infectious computer alone without a fix. The Windows Security Booster fake anti-spyware can constantly exploits system vulnerabilities to make the infectious computer totally vulnerable for more malware such as Trojan virus, worms, or ransomware. And done with that, the Windows Security Booster virus can open a backdoor for letting hijackers access to the victimized computer to completely take over it. Once the hijackers accessed in, all confidential data including log-in credentials, online transaction data, banking data and more must be at high-risk of theft. Additionally, the infectious PC performance must be degraded to the minimum. All programs installed on the infectious machine must be disabled by Windows Security Booster fake anti-spyware completely.
Tips: Refer to the Windows Security Booster fake anti-spyware removal, wrote by Erik V. Miller.
1. If the infected computer shuts down now, start up your computer (Power On) and as your computer is booting up, press the "F8" key before the Window logo appears. Highlight Safe mode with networking by pressing arrow keys on the keyboard. And then Windows is loading files and desktop shows on. This step can help you enable all programs on infectious PC.
2. When you reach the desktop, click the Start menu and go to control panel. You then choose Uninstall a program or add/remove program (according to the Windows OS). For Windows XP user should select the option Add/Remove Programs option.
3. From the next page you should scroll down and choose the program called Windows Security Booster, click uninstall option or remove option separately. And then click "Yes" to continue removing the fake program from the infectious computer completely.
4. It will bring you at the page Windows Security Booster Uninstaller options. You need click Uninstall button or Remove button again there.
5. Next just need follow the pop-up wizard to get the Windows Security Booster virus uninstalled completely from your computer.
6. You then need go to local disks and registry editor to clean out all leftovers about the Windows Security Booster virus. Double click My Computer icon from the desktop and open local disks there. And you can press Win+ R and fufill regedit in run box to get the Registry Editor revealed out.
7. Reboot computer to put all changes in effect.
Windows Security Booster fake antispyware should be removed from the infectious computer as quick as possible otherwise victimized users have to face abundance damage between system corruption and economic loss. The solitary goal for Windows Security Booster virus is to acquire money. To accomplish this goal, the Windows Security Booster fake security program will take over the Internet browser on the infectious computer. All Internet settings and defaults such as homepage, startups, or search engine must be altered and overlapped with malicious things or pop-ups. Therefore, the Windows Security Booster fake antispyware needs to be fixed completely. To completely remove the Windows Security Booster fake anti-virus program from infectious computer is the key to secure your computer and stop hijackers or scammers acquiring more and more confidential information from the victimized machine.


Security and safety in amusement parks /theme parks with Dallmeier video surveillance solutions.
Spectacular rides, exciting shows and extraordinary events – anyone who visits an amusement park is mainly looking for fun, relaxation and thrills. But most importantly: Visitors want to be able to enjoy the numerous attractions without having to worry about their safety and security. Modern video security systems have therefore become an indispensable tool for theme parks. Once the CCTV/IP video surveillance system is installed, a host of other possible applications emerges, going beyond purely security-related purposes.
For any amusement park in the world the top priority is to create a secure environment so that families can feel comfortable and enjoy their trips. That is why high-value surveillance cameras monitor car parks, entrances, rides, or shops and souvenir stands in particular. Recordings from any person entering or leaving the park are digitally recorded and can be played back at any time.
The main reason for installing security cameras at the entrances is a scenario any theme park operator is likely to be afraid of: child abduction. However, visible installation of cameras and the knowledge that there is a video surveillance system is mostly sufficient to repel potential kidnappers.
Purse snatchers or thieves who might want to "help themselves" in the theme park's shops or steal from the parked cars of visitors have no luck thanks to modern video surveillance technology. Provided that the suitable technology was chosen, high-value surveillance cameras are nowadays able to produce detailed and true-colour images, even with difficult lighting situations such as strong backlighting.
Apart from enhanced security, amusement parks will often experience significant financial benefits by using high-value video surveillance systems, which means that the investment amortises quickly. One example is video surveillance putting a stop to ticket fraud.
Spectacular shows and events are also in most cases recorded by surveillance cameras. The recordings can be used for advertising purposes, pointing out the attractivity of the shows. Additionally, they can be very useful for investigating incidents such as accidents. Thanks to the recordings the cause of an accident can subsequently be determined quickly and easily.
Intelligent video analysis systems contribute to making the visitors' stay even more pleasant and provide the theme park management with valuable information about the influx of visitors and the behaviour of the guests. What rides or shows are most liked? Which of the attractions are used less and thus have to be signposted more clearly or should be increasingly promoted? What are the peak times in terms of the number of visitors? Given that the park's management is furnished with sufficient information, it can use them for making decisions e.g. for human resource planning or creating special incentives or announcements that will help distributing visitors more evenly across the various attractions.
Another area of application is people counting, which involves counting how many visitors are on the theme park's premises at any time. For this kind of application, Dallmeier has developed the analysis "People Counting". Compared with traditional counting systems, for instance light barriers, the Dallmeier system is capable of singularising persons, which significantly increases the counting accuracy. Using conventional light barriers would involve the possibility of counting errors such as two people passing through the barrier side by side being counted as only person. Statistical evaluations allow the management to identify times with particularly high numbers of visitors coming to the park and adjust the personnel planning accordingly. In addition, the data can be used to specifically assess the effectiveness of marketing activities.
Other important potential applications for people counting are presented by the broad spectrum of security and safety related concerns. With people counting it is possible, for instance, to ensure that no more than the maximum number of visitors, as is prescribed by the safety codes of both the police and fire department, are on the park's grounds at any point in time. If the quantitative threshold should be reached, an automatic action can be carried out, such as an acoustical or optical alarm.
With the help of modern video analyses it is also possible to issue an alarm if any objects remain within a certain area for a predefined period of time.
Especially in times of increased apprehension of terrorist attacks, suitcases, for instance, which have been unattended for a longer period of time are detected by sensors. The systems can also prevent the blocking of escape routes, fire rescue paths or approach roads for ambulances by parked objects, which could have very serious consequences in case of an emergency.
Amusement parks can benefit from video surveillance technology outside of their opening hours as well. Unwanted visitors, for example juveniles attempting to climb over a fence, need to be kept away from the premises at night, too. Intelligent video analysis systems like the Dallmeier "Intruder" are the ideal solutions for this kind of application as well. The system determines for example if an object approaches an area, from which direction it is coming, or how long it stays in a certain area. This means that intruders can be detected early on and an alarm can be triggered. Comprehensive validity checks reduce false alarms, which may be triggered by leaves swishing in the wind or animals, to a minimum without missing "real" alarm messages.
In choosing a suitable video surveillance system one of the priority considerations should be the reliability and operational stability of the system. This is the only way to ensure that conclusive image material is available in an emergency. If the system additionally has the LGC Forensics certification, the recordings are permissible as evidence in courts of law.
The user-friendliness of the installation is another critical point. Intuitive menus, flexibility to adjust to individual requirements as well as easy maintenance and service should be taken into account before a purchase decision is made.
Last but not least, the scalability of the system should be considered. Dallmeier surveillance systems are modular in design and therefore can be easily expanded or upgraded to new technologies. The investments made are thus protected for many years and the customer can rest assured that the system is always state-of-the-art.


Gary Fultz writes a blog under the title, "God's Ways Are…Different." He recently shared this dramatic account of his wife's encounter with a relative. This story spoke to me of God's grace in two ways.
The first is how God reached through to a woman who was self-absorbed with her own misery. Opening herself to God gave Him the opportunity to ease her bitterness and pain and for her to receive the hope of eternal life.
The second is the movement of grace within the heart of Gary's wife. Despite the antagonism directed toward her, she received the courage and resolve to reach through her aunt's opposition and bring God's love to someone who was desperately hurting. This is an example of spiritual heroism — when God's Spirit moves within us to help us overcome barriers so we can share His love and do His will.
It's a story that needs telling. Maybe some stories are sacred enough to leave for the telling in eternity. Maybe some can be told as a teaser for story time a hundred years from now. I will leave most things out but you will get the gist.
Ominous sunset with a storm coming. I wonder what clashing spiritual forces look like?


Even though he didn't play much at all in the Finals against Edmonton this year (appearing in one game in the Finals, five in the playoffs all together), Oleg Tverdovsky still stands as a member of this year's Stanley Cup champions, the Carolina Hurricanes.
Tverdovsky also won the Stanley Cup with the New Jersey Devils in 2003, meaning that (with 2005 being the lockout year), Oleg has been on two of the last three Stanley Cup-winning teams.
In between winning the Stanley Cup in '03 and '06, Tverdovsky played two seasons with Avangard Omsk over in the Russian Super League. Avangard Omsk won the Russian title in 2004, making it three years out of four that Tverdovsky's team has won its League's championship.
As the RSL champs in '04, Avangard qualified for the IIHF's European Champions Cup tournament (a tournament that includes the title-holders from six different European leagues) in 2005, which Avangard then won. The ECC tournament takes less than a week to play out, and is hardly the two-month-long grind that the Stanley Cup playoffs are, so depending upon how you want to look at it, Tverdovsky has won four championship Cups (or three) over the last four years running.
Tverdovsky made mention of this feat in Sport Express, after Carolina's victory last week: "It is unbelievable to me that in the last four years, my teams have won four finals. Maybe this will sound cocky, but let's see if anyone else can repeat this!"
Tverdovsky, who was born in Ukraine, is one of handful of Soviet-born/Russian players to have been on two Stanley Cup-winning teams as a player. Sergei Fedorov and Igor Larionov each won three Cups (over six years) playing for the Detroit Red Wings, while Slava Fetisov won two as a player with Detroit and one as a coach with New Jersey.
In what remains one of the world's enduring mysteries (along with crop circles, Easter Island, and Stonehenge), as was commented on here earlier, "Void" Kane has been on the AHL Calder Cup championship team two years in a row-- with the Philadelphia Phantoms in '05 and with Hershey in '06.
The most ironic thing about that very first Cup Oleg (and his team) earned? It was against his NHL rookie team, the (Mighty) Ducks.
Rather frightening how close Oleg and another team of his came to having to earn Lord Stanley that way again.
Championship hardware seems to follow Tverdovsky around, even when he's a part-time player (though, to be fair, he was still one of the best defensemen in the RSL the previous two years-- Omsk team captain, 16 goals in '03-'04).
So Naz and the rest did have some actual insight when they were touting Oleg as a key to the Cup, then.
Speaking of the Stanley Cup and being prescient, GD, you had your post on František Kaberle earlier in the month, and then he notched the GWG in Game Seven.
That's gotta deserve a gold star, or something.
You have no idea how much of a relief that was -- after all my babbling about FK, I fully expected that Game Seven would end with him coughing up the puck to Pisani for the game-winning goal.
Kinda like how I spent the beginning of the season yapping about how awesome Fedor Fedorov was going to be on the Wolf Pack, only my prediction didn't turn out so great.
Hey, my Purinton jersey's flippin' sweet.


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Title page of Keli yakar (Żółkiew: Aharon and Gershon Segal, 1763). An example of a title page that boasts the use of "Amsterdam" fonts, although it was printed in Żółkiew. (Gross Family Collection)
Efrayim Shelomoh ben Aharon of Luntshits
(1550–1619), rabbi, preacher, exegete, and moralist. Efrayim Shelomoh ben Aharon of Luntshits (Pol., Łęczyca) was a student of Shelomoh Luria. As a young man, Efrayim developed a reputation as an outstanding preacher. He lived for a considerable time in Lwów, where he served as rosh yeshivah, but also preached frequently in other towns, including Jarosław and Lublin (at meetings of the Council of the Four Lands). In 1604 he was appointed chief rabbi of Prague, where he served until a year before his death.
Efrayim was thoroughly versed in Talmudic and midrashic literature, which were the primary sources of his sermonic art. The evidence of his direct references indicates that he immersed himself successively in the Torah commentaries of Baḥya ben Asher, Yitsḥak Arama, and Yitsḥak Abravanel (and, though he does not mention them, probably also those of some of his contemporaries, such as Eli'ezer Ashkenazi), from all of whom he learned literary grace, artful interweaving of biblical and rabbinic allusions, and the integration of contemporary philosophical and scientific culture into his oral and written output. Philosophical themes play an important subordinate role in his work, revealing him to be a follower of Mosheh Isserles, Mordekhai Yafeh (Jaffe), and Avraham Horowitz of the sixteenth-century East European Maimonidean revival.
As a preacher and moralist, Efrayim was empathic but often forceful in criticizing his contemporaries. He condemned them for the petty enmity and divisiveness that undermined their social solidarity, and he was particularly critical of the rich for their self-centered actions and for their neglect of the needs of the poor. And he decried in general the preoccupation with this-worldly affairs at the expense of spiritual values and the eternal destiny of God's human creatures. On the other hand, Efrayim expressed a positive valuation of the dignity of the human being—as created in God's image and called to self-determination in freedom—that seems to reflect Renaissance humanism, though couched in traditional language.
Efrayim's six major published works are somewhat varied in genre, but all combine sermonic, exegetical, and moralistic aspects. His 'Ir giborim (1580) is a cycle of sermons arranged according to the weekly Torah portion; 'Olelot Efrayim (1590) and Oraḥ le-ḥayim (1595) are collections of sermons dealing primarily with holidays and life-cycle celebrations. Keli yakar (1602) and Sifte da'at (1610) are Torah commentaries drawing on sermonic material, while 'Amude shesh (1618) is a moralistic work arranged according to the six virtues enumerated in verses 1:2 and 1:18 of the Mishnaic tractate Avot.
Efrayim's famous critique of pilpul in 'Amude shesh is offset by his frequent use of the device, which may be regarded as an exaggeration of the tosafistic method and a characteristic ingredient of the style of Polish Talmudic-based intellectual culture. Virtuoso and eclectic that Efrayim was, he drew on a range of intellectual resources (including Kabbalah) as enrichment for his primary medium, which was the sermon. His balance of rational, emotional, and mystical motifs appealed to the mainstream of later generations, who included his Keli yakar in the standard printed rabbinic Pentateuch (Mikra'ot gedolot).
Hillel Ben-Sasson, "'Osher ve-'oni be-mishnato shel ha-mokhiaḥ R. Efrayim ish Luntshits," Tsiyon 19 (1954): 142–166; Jacob Elbaum, Petiḥut ve-histagrut: Ha-yetsirah ha-ruḥanit-ha-sifrutit be-Polin uve-artsot Ashkenaz be-shilhe ha-me'ah ha-shesh-'esreh (Jerusalem, 1990); Leonard Levin, "Seeing with Both Eyes: The Intellectual Formation of Ephraim Luntshitz" (Ph.D. diss., Jewish Theological Seminary of America, New York, 2002).
Leonard Levin

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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You may have heard a story or two about someone finding multi-million dollar art pieces in a thrift store. But have you considered the idea of finding a hidden art treasure in an online estate sale auction?
When it comes to high-end fine art pieces, we usually think about big auction houses like Christie's or Sotheby's. However, don't rule out any of the smaller online auctions because you just never know!
For example, some of you who have been a customer for awhile may recall the $25,000 John Fery painting that we auctioned for St. Vincent De Paul. The painting was discovered by an employee who actually liked the frame, but decided to do some research on the painting. That's when he discovered that the painting was worth way much more than originally thought!
Although the concept of online auctions has been around for awhile, people have still yet to fully catch up on the idea of searching online estate sale auctions when shopping for art. In fact, the online art market is still in its infant stages.
People are still willing to pay $75 for a mass-produced piece from Pier One Imports. For that same $75 they could purchase an original work of art that gets more compliments and inspires conversations. Even long-time art collectors still frequent galleries for pieces to add to their collections.
Did you know that our combined gallery estate sale auctions almost always have art pieces? Sign up to receive notifications of future auctions at the bottom of this page!
The one thing about finding good deals on art in online auctions is that it requires a trained eye to determine the potential value of a piece. You could acquire this specialized knowledge just by visiting art museums, art galleries, or simply studying art. Fortunately, we also have the Internet now to easily Google an artist's name to get some background.
One of the basic features you could look for is an original signature somewhere near the bottom of the art piece. Many artists put their signature on the bottom right. Another thing to look for when purchasing a print is a signature along with a number such as 1/100. This means that it is a limited edition and is the very first copy that was printed. It's also good to have some knowledge of lithographs, giclees, and photomechanical graphic art.
The same rules apply to art as is anything else you purchase in an online auction. Get as many details as you can about the pieces you are interested in. If an auction house says that artwork is valued at a certain price, ask if there is a certificate of authenticity or if a professional appraisal is available.
Have you shopped for art in online estate sale auctions? What is your experience? Do you have any tips to share? Leave a comment here on our Facebook page.


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The Nez Perce National Forest is a  United States National Forest located in west-central Idaho. The forest is bounded on the east by the state of Montana, on the north by the Clearwater National Forest, on the west by a portion of the Wallowa–Whitman National Forest and on the south by the Payette National Forest.

The mountains in this forest provide wildlife habitat for timber wolf, raccoon, moose, black bear, coyote, cougar, elk, two species of fox, bald eagle, pika, beaver, flammulated owl, pine marten, white-tailed and mule deer, muskrat, river otter, peregrine falcon, mink, marmot, fisher, and mountain goat.

History
The Nez Perce National Forest was established on July 1, 1908, by the U.S. Forest Service with  from parts of Bitterroot National Forest and Weiser National Forest.  On October 29, 1934, part of Selway National Forest was added.

In 2012, Nez Perce National Forest and Clearwater National Forest were administratively combined as Nez Perce-Clearwater National Forests, with headquarters in Kamiah, Idaho. There are local ranger district offices in Elk City, Grangeville, Kooskia, and White Bird.

In 2018, the Penman Mine in Nez Perce served as a filming location for Discovery Channel's Gold Rush. During this filming, on October 5, 2018, Raw TV production staff member Terrance Woods Jr. (27) was reported as missing, as was Connie Johnson (76), a cook for Richie Outfitters last seen October 2. Johnson's border collie, Ace, was recovered alive at the Moose Creek ranger station three weeks later, but as of 2022, neither Johnson nor Woods have been found.

Wilderness areas
There are four officially designated wilderness areas within Nez Perce National Forest that are part of the National Wilderness Preservation System. Three of these are partly or mostly in neighboring National Forests (as indicated).
 Frank Church—River of No Return Wilderness (only 4.68% lies within Nez Perce NF; mostly in either Payette National Forest, Challis NF, Salmon NF, Boise NF, or Bitterroot NF)
 Gospel Hump Wilderness
 Hells Canyon Wilderness (mostly in Wallowa National Forest; partly in Payette National Forest, Whitman National Forest, or BLM land)
 Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness (partly in Bitterroot NF; Clearwater National Forest; Lolo NF)

See also
 Nez Perce tribe

References

External links

 Nez Perce-Clearwater National Forests

National Forests of Idaho
Protected areas of Idaho County, Idaho
Protected areas established in 1908
1908 establishments in Idaho

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Match Management traits and qualities given in the above box with their explanations. Mind that there are some odd ones and try to describe them.
Human behaviour was understood - or more correctly, misunderstood - during the nineteenth century as an expression of biological instincts. Along with other patterns of human behaviour, criminality was explained on biological grounds.
In 1876, Caesare Lombroso (1835-1909), an Italian physician who worked in prisons, developed a biological theory of criminality. Lombroso described criminals as having distinctive physical characteristics - low foreheads, prominent jaws and cheekbones, protruding ears, hairiness, and unusually long arms - that resemble human beings' apelike ancestors. In other words, he viewed criminals as evolutionary throwbacks to lower forms of life.
Because of their biologically based inadequacy, Lombroso reasoned, such individuals would think and act in a primitive manner likely to run afoul of society's laws. Although toward the end of his career Lombroso acknowledged that social factors play a part in criminality, his early claim that some people are literally born criminals was widely influential in an era in which biological explanations of human behaviour were popular.
Lombroso's findings were based on seriously flawed research methods. He failed to see that the physical characteristics he found in prison and linked to criminality also existed in the population as a whole. Early in the twentieth century, the British psychiatrist Charles Buck-man Goring (1870-1919), who also worked in prisons, published the results of a comparison of thousands of convicts and noncriminals. There was a great deal of physical variation within both groups, but Goring's research showed there were no significant physical differences between the criminal and noncriminal categories of the kind suggested by Lombroso.


Speaker Tom Stewart works for Booz & Company as their Chief Marketing and Knowledge Officer. Previously Stewart was editor and managing director of the Harvard Business Review. He was also the editorial director for Business 2.0 and was a member of Fortune's Board of Editors.
Stewart focuses on the future of the business world and has given speeches on eco-friendly business strategies and business sustainability. He believes that companies should work to reduce their carbon footprints and contributions to global warming in order to continue thriving in a carbon-constrained world.


A young girl jumps rope on the sidewalk next to her family's belongings after they received a court order of eviction that was carried out by McLennan County deputy constables in Waco, Texas. Families like hers are the kind of clients badly in need of legal representation—and most often unlikely to receive it.
Almost a century ago, a young Boston lawyer named Reginald Heber Smith published a landmark book called Justice and the Poor. It was about how people struggling economically were faring in the American legal system and why American lawyers needed to provide them with free legal aid. He wrote, "Nothing rankles more in the human heart than the feeling of injustice." At the time, there were only 41 legal-aid organizations in the country, with a total of about 60 lawyers. The Boston Legal Aid Society, founded in 1900, was one of them. As a student at Harvard Law School, Smith had spent his summers as a volunteer there. When he graduated in 1913, he became the leader of that four-lawyer office and instituted a "daily time sheet"—on which lawyers recorded the hours they spent on cases—as a tool for increasing efficiency in addressing the 2,000 or so cases the society had on behalf of clients.
Smith's vision has never been realized in the United States, but it haunts the debate about how best to serve the legal needs of poor and low-income Americans—and about whether we even know what works best to solve the problems of this group. Poverty's effects on human health are well documented: lives tend to be sadder, harder, and shorter. But the effects on poor and low-income people's lives of needing a lawyer and not having one are not well documented at all.
The main divisions in the debate today are about resources: between those who want to see Smith's vision realized, with lawyers central to the story, and others who are convinced it's not possible to provide enough lawyers to meet the need—and who also believe that, in many instances, a lawyer isn't needed to solve the problem; and between those who think it's essential for the federal government to fund legal aid (with many convinced the government should provide much more money than it now does) and others, like officials in the Trump White House, who say the federal government should have no role in paying for legal aid.
The leaders in this debate are far-flung and from diverse backgrounds and institutions. But Harvard Law School (HLS) and people with Harvard ties appear prominently in this story, beginning with Smith himself. In 1976, the first president of the country's main funder of civil legal aid, the Legal Services Corporation, was Thomas Ehrlich '56, LL.B. '59. The corporation's current board chair, who is leading the fight to maintain funding for it, is John G. Levi, J.D. '72, LL.M. '73. The vice-chair is Martha Minow, the former dean of the law school, who broadened and deepened the school's commitment to public-interest lawyering more than any leader in the school's history and is one of the country's most influential advocates for civil legal services.
Initiatives under way at HLS have returned it to a prominent role in advancing legal aid—and in developing new approaches that will change and enhance the delivery of these services in the future. Daniel Nagin, vice dean for experiential and clinical education and faculty director of both the school's Legal Services Center and its Veterans Legal Clinic, is exploring improvements in legal services that could help bridge the divide between those who insist that lawyers are essential in providing legal services and those who believe they aren't. Green professor of public law D. James Greiner, faculty director of the Access to Justice Lab, is HLS's main proponent of the view that sometimes the solutions can be simpler and less expensive. The work of all three, and of many others at the law school, is important to anyone who knows about America's enormous unmet needs for legal services.
Early this year, almost 20 percent of Americans lived in families with household income low enough to make them eligible for legal aid paid for by the federal government. The threshold is at or below 125 percent of the federal poverty level ($30,750 for a family of four this year). Of these 60 million or so people, around seven out of 10—more than 40 million—were in households that had faced a civil legal problem the previous year. Most said the problem "severely" or "very much" upset their lives: they lost disability benefits, for example, and could no longer afford essential medical care; they were arrested on a drug charge and the state put their children in foster care; or they fell behind on rent and were evicted.
The 2017 report concluded that this "gap" in fact "has stretched into a gulf." In the 15 states plus the District of Columbia where the percentage of the population eligible for legal aid exceeded 20 percent, the gap was worse: from Mississippi, with 28 percent eligible, to the District of Columbia, Florida, and Texas, with 21 percent eligible.
All those states, except for New Mexico, went for Donald J. Trump in the 2016 presidential election. (The District also favored Hillary Clinton.) Especially in these states that went for Trump, there is vast need for legal aid. Lack of education appears to be a crucial factor in creating this need: almost nine out of 10 of their low-income adults have no college degree; six out of 10 have no more than a high-school education. Of those who qualify for civil legal services, 44 percent are white. Trump's margin among white voters without a college degree was the widest in any presidential election since 1980. In effect, whites without college degrees who qualify for and need legal aid elected him. The number who qualify for such aid is likely 50 percent greater than the "Justice Gap" report described; based on U.S. Census Bureau data for all of 2015 (the most recent available), an additional 32 million people had incomes at or below 125 percent of the federal poverty level for any two-month period that year—making a total of almost three out of every 10 Americans.
The Legal Services Corporation (LSC), a not-for-profit organization funded by the federal government, remains the single largest funder of civil legal aid in the United States. In the 2017 fiscal year, beginning in October 2016, it spent $360 million on grants and other services. That was about two of every five dollars spent by the 133 organizations receiving grants (they are mostly not-for-profits serving all or part of a state), and likely two out of every eight dollars spent in total on legal services in the United States.
James J. Sandman, the president of the corporation, describes it as the backbone of America's system for delivering civil legal services. "Our goal," he says, "is to be sure that people everywhere have some access to these services." At Pine Tree Legal Assistance, in Maine, services range from providing simple legal advice, say, about a veteran's benefits, to full representation in larger cases. More than half the matters it handled in 2016 involved housing—helping tenants avoid evictions and home-owners avoid foreclosures on their mortgages helped saved the state $2.6 million in the cost of housing them in emergency shelters. At four organizations in Massachusetts, services cover a similar range. Last year about half dealt with housing troubles as well, and about one-fifth with family matters like securing guardianship of orphaned and abused children and helping survivors get protective orders against abusers. Those and other services saved the state $16 million in medical and other costs. At seven organizations in Florida, seven out of 10 matters dealt with family and housing troubles. About two out of 10 dealt with money problems—lost jobs, lost benefits, lost credit, and lost nest eggs. Legal services saved the state $60.4 million in avoided costs for foreclosures, emergency shelters, and more. In every state and Washington, D.C., providers of legal services helped low-income individuals and families meet their basic human needs: housing, food, income, safety, education, and well-being. To put LSC in context, its grantmaking in 2014 would have ranked it among the top 20 American foundations. But its total revenue in 2015 would have ranked it only 100th among law firms around the world.
The LSC budget request for fiscal year 2018, which is $527.8 million, also details the amount of money each state, plus the District of Columbia, would have to make up in current funding for civil legal services if LSC no longer provided grants: almost nine-tenths of total funding for legal aid in Alabama and Vermont, eight-tenths in Connecticut and South Dakota, and between half and three-quarters in 19 other states. These entities would almost certainly be unable to make up the difference.
LSC is unlikely to be eliminated, but it will likely receive much less funding in fiscal year 2018 than it seeks. LSC is being funded at its current level through the beginning of December 2017 under the three-month spending law that Congress and the president approved in September. When Congress decides on the budget for the rest of the fiscal year, the Senate Appropriations Committee has recommended funding at the current level. The House Appropriations Committee has recommended about one-sixth less than the fiscal 2017 budget of $385 million (including funding for management and oversight). Letters from state chief justices and court administrators, state attorneys general, law-school deans, and corporate general counsels, as well as from members of the House and the Senate, underscored what one letter called "united, bipartisan opposition to the Trump Administration's proposal to eliminate all federal funding for the Legal Services Corporation" and substantial support for it.
The bipartisan support in the letters reflects bipartisan backing. From 2011 to 2015, as Congress became increasingly polarized, the number of members voting in favor of LSC funding increased by about one-third, especially among Republicans. Members of both parties understand that, among other things, the corporation provides a valuable form of constituent service.
Yet both the House and the Senate recommendations maintain dozens of restrictions on how LSC can spend its money. Legal-aid organizations receiving LSC grants can't take part in class-action lawsuits; they can't get involved in litigation or other activities about immigration, abortion, assisted suicide, desegregation of public schools, or civil rights of prisoners, LSC itself, or (with narrow caveats) criminal cases. They can't engage in legislative or regulatory lobbying, political activities like voter registration and promoting ballot measures like referendums, or welfare reform. They can't engage in or encourage public demonstrations, picketing, boycotts, or strikes.
The restrictions are meant to keep legal-aid organizations focused on solving legal problems for individuals. More to the point, they are meant to keep them from engaging in collective action to reform laws and public policies, from representing large groups of people in lawsuits challenging government agencies or major corporations, and from taking sides in disputes about the most divisive social issues. They are intended to safeguard the status quo.
A further restriction is that LSC must follow a formula when making grants: each state receives its share of funding based on its share of the American population in households with income at or below 125 percent of the federal poverty line for households of that size, from one person ($15,075) to eight ($51,650), with each additional member allowed a modicum of extra income ($5,225). In fiscal year 2015, 93 percent of LSC's total spending was on formula-based grants to legal-services organizations everywhere, with the most ($43 million) going to California and the least ($0.5 million) to Vermont.
The bipartisan backing in Congress is a product of all of these restrictions, which reflect a history filled with controversy. A national Legal Services Program was part of the Office of Economic Opportunity during President Lyndon Johnson's War on Poverty in the mid 1960s. Although only a small fraction of the initial funds went to legal services, the new program greatly increased the country's support of legal aid for the poor.
Those lawyers provided legal aid to the poor while seeking to reform law that penalized people for being poor. During the almost century that some form of legal aid had existed in the United States before the Legal Services Program, the Supreme Court heard one case brought by a legal-aid lawyer. Between 1965 and 1974, legal-services lawyers became the voice of the poor at the Court. It accepted 64 percent of the cases the lawyers asked them to, a remarkably high rate. Of the 110 cases considered, those lawyers won 62 percent, with conservative justices supporting those victories as fully as the liberals. Legal-services lawyers developed a new field of poverty law while obtaining justice.
The hostilities led, in 1974, to the creation of the Legal Services Corporation as an independent organization funded largely by the federal government, with the purpose of providing poor people with access to justice as a means of solving problems—but no longer with the aim of alleviating, or even eliminating, poverty. In the final year of Jimmy Carter's presidency, the LSC budget reached its high point, allowing it to support 325 grantees, with 1,450 offices and 6,200 lawyers. But in 1981, President Reagan brought his antipathy to CRLA and to legal services with him to the White House. His team submitted a zero-budget request to Congress for legal services. LSC, as an independent agency, submitted its own request for an increased budget. With some political wrangling, the organization ended up with "only" a 25 percent cut in funding.
The contrast between the ardor of the Carter administration and the antipathy of the Reagan administration established the pattern for Democrats and Republicans that has continued since. Making matters worse, by the end of the second Bush administration, in 2009, LSC's luster was tarnished by a series of scandals involving embezzlement, fraud, misuse of money, and shoddy financial controls of grantees. There were also lesser ignominies involving sloppy financial controls and lavish spending on travel and entertainment by LSC executives. Some of the bad news reflected political spin by LSC's critics. Politics was reducing it to a bureaucracy where squabbling about real and alleged misdeeds distracted from the mission.
The founders had immense blind spots about the scope of equality as an element of justice: they authorized slavery in the Constitution and approved the exclusion of women from political, economic, and social power. But they identified "liberty and justice for all" as an essential aspiration. In a rule-of-law country that revolted against the rule of an autocratic king, they put their faith in a system prizing a government of laws, in which Lady Justice wears a blindfold to represent her impartiality.
John Levi is a partner in the Chicago office of the law firm of Sidley Austin. He hired an HLS student named Barack Obama as a summer associate in 1989 and asked Michelle Robinson, an HLS grad who was a first-year associate and enthusiastic about the firm, to be Obama's summer adviser. They got married in 1992. Levi has been a cheerleader for both in their careers, and raised money for the former president's campaigns. When the Obama presidential transition team asked Levi if he wanted to join the administration, he said he planned to stay in Chicago but would be interested in a substantive part-time role. (He told them he wasn't interested in "fluff.") Chairing LSC has elevated him from prominent Chicagoan, carrying on a family tradition of community service, to influential national leader among lawyers.
LSC under Levi has embraced traits taken for granted during the Obama administration: pride in delivering good government; belief in the importance of bipartisanship in policymaking; and insistence on the highest possible standards in public service. Levi was eager to have Martha Minow as vice chair of the board because of her long involvement with legal services for the poor and the prominence she gave public-interest law both in the HLS curriculum and in what she championed as a career for its graduates when she became dean in 2009. (Bromley professor of law John F. Manning succeeded her in July; she is now Carter professor of general jurisprudence.) They will remain board members until their successors are picked by the Trump administration and confirmed by the Senate, after their current three-year terms end this December. In 2011, they chose Jim Sandman as president. After spending 30 years at the law firm of Arnold & Porter, in Washington, D.C., where he was managing partner for a decade, he became general counsel and chief legal officer of D.C. Public Schools from 2007 to 2011. He was also a past president of the D.C. bar and a past board member of D.C.'s Neighborhood Legal Services program, which LSC supports.
Under the leadership of these three, the hundred or so employees of LSC have functioned like grant-makers at a tautly run foundation. They have imposed fiscal discipline on themselves and the organizations they fund, and promoted high performance. They have worked closely with the ABA and other groups to increase the amount of legal-services time that lawyers provide low-income Americans without charge (pro bono) or at low rates (low bono). They have persuaded Congress, foundations, and corporations to support experiments in the use of technology so there will be a baseline of support everywhere in the country for people who can't afford a lawyer—including in rural areas, which are especially hard to serve.
Levi considers the justice gap a crisis on the scale of a public-health epidemic and has worked to make eliminating it a national priority, among lawyers but also among leaders outside the legal world. He persuaded the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, of which he is a member, to undertake a project to define the scope of the justice gap and educate American leaders about the extent and the consequences of it. He has also enlisted celebrities to join LSC's Leaders Council as advocates for legal services: Henry Aaron, the great home-run hitter, John Grisham, the best-selling author of legal thrillers, and others in business, finance, and other fields.
But the justice gap remains a gulf, and LSC is notably constrained in how, and how much, it can address the problem. During the past decade, the average number of eligible households with at least one civil legal problem was about 9.5 million annually. The average number of households served by LSC-supported legal-aid programs during that period was 815,000: about one-twelfth of the need. In 2015, about 9,000 people worked on legal-service problems at LSC grantees—about 4,600 of them lawyers. Assuming those lawyers represent between half and three-fifths of the lawyers in the country providing legal aid full-time, the total today is likely well under 1 percent of America's 1.2 million or so lawyers. With average salaries of about $50,000 a year, they are the lowest-paid group of lawyers in the country.
In the World Justice Project's 2016 Rule-of-Law Index, the U.S. ranked ninety-fourth of 113 countries in "accessibility and affordability of civil justice." "Liberty and justice for all" remains far from a reality.
Former HLS dean Martha Minow was among the minority of deans whose mark on their law schools strongly reflected their scholarly interests. From the start of her career as a professor in 1981, she showed a passion for exposing inequities embedded in American law and for helping create a more egalitarian society. As vice chair of the Legal Services Corporation, she has pushed for what's possible from the government and the legal profession. As dean, she pushed for what neither of those institutions has done—for imagining and creating what is necessary to address the justice gap. She helped spark much of the school's scholarship and innovation that hold the promise of reshaping legal practice and broadening access to legal services.
About 80 percent of recent HLS graduates have "taken a clinic," in law-school vocabulary—just as they took traditional academic courses and received credit for them. The school now offers three dozen choices for experiential learning. They begin with the Harvard Legal Aid Bureau (HLAB), the oldest student-run legal-services office in the United States, where students earn credit for doing law-reform activities like litigation that can change public policy, or for representing low-income clients in housing, family law, and other civil legal issues, and extend to the WilmerHale Legal Services Center, which houses five distinct clinics and remains the largest of the school's legal-services providers.
HLAB involves a two-year commitment for 2Ls and 3Ls of at least 20 hours a week during term-time, and often 40 or even 60 hours, on top of other academic requirements. Current students in the bureau choose 25 new students each year, in an onerous process designed to deter any dabblers. They favor applicants whose experiences are likely to help them empathize with clients. Many students accepted are the first in their families to go to college or law school. Most are people of color. Seeing themselves as gatekeepers, since the HLAB receives far more pleas for legal aid than it can handle, they feel a duty to use their time and talent on behalf of clients who are especially needy even if the need is different from those the bureau has traditionally tried to meet.
A major premise of the Legal Services Center is that the United States is not going to solve the problem of scarce access to justice by providing a lawyer for everyone who needs, yet can't afford to pay for, counsel. Instead, the Harvard center pursues what Stanford law professor Deborah Rhode terms "adequate access to justice": this includes, she wrote, "increased simplification of the law; more self-help initiatives; better protection of unrepresented parties; greater access to non-lawyer providers; and expanded opportunities for informal dispute resolution in accessible out-of-court settings"—in other words, different levels of intervention, depending on need and circumstance.
The most powerful simplification of the law today comes from technology. William Palin, whom Nagin described as a one-of-a-kind, out-of-this-world software developer, is HLS's first Access to Justice/Technology Fellow. A graduate of Boston's Suffolk Law School, he taught himself how to write code using books from the Cambridge public library, where he had set up a one-man practice in family law. In 2014, he won a contest co-sponsored by Suffolk and the ABA with an app he developed called PaperHealth. It lets people in Massachusetts quickly fill out, sign, and save living wills ("If my heart stops, I do not want it to be restarted") and health-care proxies ("a simple legal document that allows you to choose someone to make medical decisions for you") and then emails them to designated hospitals and health-care providers. In the next two years, he transformed himself into a software developer and started at HLS.
He works within the school's clinics, hanging around with teachers and students to learn what they do and how they do it and thinking about whether he can develop a piece of software or an app that simplifies and speeds up their work—in his words, "helps them become better lawyers." He helped Jeffrey Roderick, J.D. '17, develop software that saves five or six hours a case by automating what happens when a clinic accepts a client and gathers basic information about the matter. On the website of Developing Justice, Palin's HLS program, there's a link to the Guardian Service Project, a tool he developed to help people who want to file for guardianship of an adult who has "a clinically diagnosed medical condition" and is "unable to make or communicate effective decisions about their everyday self-care, health, and safety." The project emerges from another premise of the Legal Services Center: that matching the client with a lawyer is not always necessary.
According to Jim Greiner, head of the Access to Justice Lab, sometimes people need a lawyer in the fullest sense. Sometimes they need a lawyer for a one-time representation. Sometimes they would be better served by a limited legal technician (permitted in Washington state), who is trained and licensed to help people going through a divorce, a child-custody battle, and other family-law matters—just as a nurse practitioner can treat some patients and prescribe medication. Sometimes people can help themselves.
"Ignorance, basically, about the value of evidence-based research," Greiner says. He thinks very few in the American bar or on the bench believe in rigorous evaluation of civil legal services or court techniques—but "just because we have been doing something one way for a long time doesn't mean it's the best way to address any particular problem." The premise of the Access to Justice Lab is that the way to figure out what works is to do it and test it.
In Massachusetts Housing Court, for example, Greiner and colleagues "randomized" the potential clients who received offers of traditional attorney-client relationships from legal-aid staff attorneys and those who got only the limited service of a lawyer for a day. In examining whether matters not yet in litigation eventually reached court, whether tenants remained in possession of their housing, and other issues, they found "no statistically significant evidence" that full versus limited representation made a big difference in any of the outcomes.
Greiner is also convinced that the access-to-justice problem doesn't merely burden poor and low-income Americans, because only a small fraction of Americans can afford the justice they need. That's a problem of the legal market for all but wealthy individuals and organizations. There is wide agreement that the current eligibility threshold for federally subsidized legal aid (125 percent of the federal poverty level) is far too low. Many programs funded by sources other than the LSC provide services to people with incomes up to 200 percent or even 400 percent of that level, because many of those households are financially precarious. That makes the justice gap even wider. It makes Congress's and the country's longstanding indifference to the gap even more profound.
John Levi has set a goal for the United States of closing that gap completely by 2026, when the country will be 250 years old. However the gap is defined, it's very unlikely the country will close it by then. But his other goal is to shift the gap from a concern only of lawyers into a concern too critical to be left to lawyers alone: they haven't solved the problem, and they have had a century to try. If he succeeds in transforming it from a legal problem into a moral and a political one, he will do as much as anyone ever has to help close the gap.
Contributing editor and legal journalist Lincoln Caplan '72, J.D. '76, who is a senior research scholar at Yale Law School, profiled Supreme Court Justice Stephen Breyer  in the March-April issue.
In 2014, Earl Johnson Jr. published a comprehensive three-volume work, To Establish Justice for All, about the history of civil legal aid in the United States, from which some of the history in this article is distilled.
The project of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences to define the scope of the justice gap and educate American leaders about the extent and the consequences of the gap includes a special issue of the Academy's journal Daedalus, which Caplan is working on as a guest co-editor.


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Welcome to the homepage of Coastal Baseball. Coastal Baseball is a Baseball League located in Houston, Texas and is home to Adult Baseball, Summer College Baseball and Semi-Pro Baseball 11 months out of the year. 2021 will mark the 14th year of Coastal Baseball. Coastal Baseball Parks are located on the Beltway 8 feeder in between Telephone and Mykawa.
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Attention cat lovers! The Animal Detective is back again with the second book in his popular cat book for kids series entitled "Cat Books For Kids: Play The Kittens Game- Book 2". If you enjoyed the first book, you will find this second book just as much fun and challenging. In short, the aim of the game is to try and guess the name a special kitten using the clues provided, along with a choice of 3 really cute kitten pictures. Even if you guess incorrectly you will still be given more chances to discover the correct kitten. Next you will see some more facts about the kitten before you move onto the next question. There are 15 cat breeds in this book including Bombay, British Shorthair, Bengal, Toyger, Australian Mist and 10 more. Some breeds you may have never even heard of before which is what makes this game so much fun and challenging as well. You are playing and learning at the same time! Act now and get this digital book as a FREE download from the Amazon Kindle Store on Sunday, July 27th and Monday, July 28th. All that I ask in return is that you please leave me a book review about this book in the Amazon Kindle Store. Remember that you don't need to own an Amazon Kindle Reader to read this book, as you can download a free Kindle App (when you are at the Kindle Store) that will allow you to read the book on any digital device including your computer.


I had been out of work since June 2013, actively looking for work but nothing came about. I lacked confidence in interviews, although I had the experience it was difficult for me to articulate what I wanted to say. I would feel anxious and choke up to the point where I thought there was no point in going for interviews anymore as I knew I wouldn't get the job.
I was referred to the Work and Health Programme in May, I had been out of work for so long that at this point I was willing to try anything. I met with Dominic who became my support manager. He helped me work through some things, build my confidence and said he could get me into work without me going through a job interview.
I attended a group session with Duro, he told me about a new gardening centre that was opening up in Willesden, he said he had a relationship with the manager who was looking for someone that was hardworking and had the ability to work on their own. I thought to myself - I could do that. Duro said I would have the opportunity to prove myself with a work trial followed by a friendly chat with the manager which took away my interview anxiety.
Dominic was able to help me get interview attire, so not only did I look the part I also felt the part. On 25 June, I was offered the job, which brought an end to my five-year spell of unemployment. I would like to say a huge thank you to Dominic, my support manager, for all the help and support along the way and also to Duro for making the process so easy and straightforward.


Lafayette | Keller Williams - Lafayette, IN Blog - "Get Real Estate"
Keller Williams – Lafayette, IN Blog – "Get Real Estate"
Each year, thousands of Keller Williams Realty associates participate in RED DAY, a time of service in which agents give back to their local communities. This year, KW Lafayette agents worked on a Habitat for Humanity home located in Lafayette. Below, please find video of the event.
As a company dedicated to our clients, we are extremely excited each and every year to give back to those who help make our profession so wonderful. We can't wait for RED DAY 2013!
Keller Williams Home Team: Come Watch Us Play This Summer!
This summer, agents from Keller Williams Signature Partners in Lafayette, IN will be participating in the West Lafayette, IN softball league. We would love for you to come out and watch us compete against other teams in greater Lafayette & West Lafayette! Please click here for a schedule of this summer's games.
We have also created a Facebook Fan Page for the team. Click here to access the fan page, which will contain all of the latest updates and information on the team.
We look forward to seeing you at our games this summer!
This Saturday, April 16, agents from our office will be participating in the Homeward Bound Walk in an effort to provide housing and fight homelessness in Indiana.
Registration will begin Saturday morning at 9am, with the walk following at 10am. Participants will be meeting at Riehle Plaza. A map of the starting location can be found below.
The walk will benefit many agencies in greater Lafayette, including Family Promise, Habitat for Humanity, Homestead Consulting Services, Lafayette Transitional Housing, Mental Health America, Rainbow Haven Transitional Housing, Salvation Army, and the YWCA.
We hope to see everyone this Saturday morning!
Over 100 children and members of their families gathered Monday at the Lyn Treece Boys and Girls Club of Lafayette for a Thanksgiving dinner celebration. Many festive dishes were served, including turkey, stuffing, and mashed potatoes.
Several agents and staff members of Keller Williams Lafayette volunteered for the event, preparing the food, serving dishes to children, and helping with cleanup.
We would like to thank all of the generous donors and sponsors of the event who helped to make it a success! Please click here for a full list of sponsors.
This weekend will mark the 43rd annual Feast of the Hunters' Moon celebration at Fort Ouiatenon located in West Lafayette. The feast serves as a re-creation of the yearly autumn gathering of the French and Native Americans at the site.
The event will take place on Saturday from 9am-5pm and on Sunday from 9am-4pm and is hosted by the Tippecanoe County Historical Association in conjunction with the Tippecanoe County Parks Department.
The feast will include musical performances, games, arts, crafts, and – of course, various types of food. For more information on all of the events occurring during the feast as well as the vendors and children's activities, please click here.


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Q: How do I convert my code that transforms nested lists to a dataframe into a function? I have 18 lists, one for each condition. Inside a list of a condiction there are 10 lists, one for each participant. Within a list of a participant, there is a list with anywhere between 1 and 20 values of type double. To clarify, this is code to reproduce the list of one condition, remember I have 18 of these all slightly different.
Participant_List <- list()

for (i in 1:10) {
  Scores <- list()
  for (k in sample(1:5, replace = TRUE)) {
    Scores[[k]] <- sample(1:7, sample(1:10), replace = TRUE)
  }
  Participant_List[[i]] <- Scores

}

Now with some help, I got code to transform the list of one condition into a data frame in a long format:
#convert each participant's list to a data frame
x_dataframes <- lapply(seq_along(Participant_List), function(curParticipant){
  return(data.frame(Participant = curParticipant,
                    Score = unlist(Participant_List[[curParticipant]])))
})

#combine the list of dataframes into one dataframe
x_combined <- do.call("rbind", x_dataframes)

I would like to create a function containing this code to be able to simply apply this to the other conditions. I came up with the following, where I first create a list containing the conditions I have, called  Hypo1_lists  and then I feed this into the function below:
function(Hypo1_lists){

  #convert each participant's list to a data frame
  x_dataframe <- lapply(seq_along(Hypo1_lists), function(curParticipant){
    return(data.frame(Participant = curParticipant,
                     Score = unlist(Hypo1_lists[[curParticipant]])))

  #combine the list of dataframes into one dataframe
  Hypo1_lists <- do.call("rbind", x_dataframe)
})

}

But this outputs one nested list...I want to store the outputs in separate data frames (one for each condition), the same I get from the code before I put it into a function.

A: You were mistakenly including the binding into the apply function.
myf <- function(Hypo1_lists){

  #convert each participant's list to a data frame
  x_dataframe <- lapply(seq_along(Hypo1_lists), function(curParticipant){
    return(data.frame(Participant = curParticipant,
                      Score = unlist(Hypo1_lists[[curParticipant]])))
  })
    #combine the list of dataframes into one dataframe
    Hypo1_lists <- do.call("rbind", x_dataframe)

  return(Hypo1_lists)
}

myf(Participant_List)

    Participant Score
1             1     2
2             1     1
3             1     6
4             1     3

Also, don't forget to return something from your main function.

To apply this function to a nested list :
full <- list(Participant_List, Participant_List)
names(full) <- c("firstname", "secondname")
full_result <- lapply(full, myf)
summary(full_result)
           Length Class      Mode
firstname  2      data.frame list
secondname 2      data.frame list

To retrieve your second result for example, just use full_result[[2]] which is of class data.frame

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Hearing loss affects millions of Americans making it difficult, if not impossible, to use the phone. According to statistics compiled by the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) approximately 17 percent (36 million) of American adults report some degree of hearing loss.
The NIDCD reports a strong relationship between age and reported hearing loss: 18 percent of American adults 45-64 years old, 30 percent of adults 65-74 years old, and 47 percent of adults 75 years old or older have a hearing impairment.
For those who experience a hearing loss later in life, talking on the phone can become a difficult task. Not hearing and understanding phone conversations can negatively impact your work, family and social life. Asking people to continuously repeat themselves leads to embarrassment and frustration for people on both ends of the conversation.
Hearing on the phone is something most of us take for granted, but it is a problem being faced by more and more of us all the time. A Captioned phone can restore independence and confidence in talking on the phone. The Caption service provides a nearly instant, very accurate captioning experience to assist those who have difficulty hearing phone conversations.
Together, the Captioned phone and service can help with conversations whether you are listening to the details of your grandson's little league game, making an appointment with your physician or scheduling lunch with your best friend. Captioned phones helps you get the most from your conversations, and from life.


A senior Muslim leader has called on Bangladesh to show sympathy and take in ISIS jihadi bride Shamima Begum.
Caliph Mirza Masroor Ahmad, who represents tens of millions of Ahmadi Muslims worldwide, said that as she has been stripped of her citizenship 'any Muslim country' should take her in.
Speaking at the Baitul Futuh Mosque, in Morden, south west London, he added that he did not blame the British government for the death of her 18-day-old baby Jerah.
Earlier today, Labour's Shadow Home Secretary Diane Abbott provoked fury after placing the blame for the baby's death at Home Secretary Sajid Javid's door.
He said: 'She claims herself to be Muslim so then a Muslim country should show sympathy to her.
Caliph Mirza Masroor Ahmad also acknowledged that taking Ms Begum to the Netherlands with her Dutch husband, Yago Riedijk, was also a possibility.
Stripping citizenship is only legal if the individual has a second one, and it was thought she may have a claim in Bangladesh because of her family background, but Bangladeshi officials denied this.
He made the comments at the faith's annual peace symposium, which is now in its 16th year.
He said the move risked creating a 'more dangerous world where stateless individuals roam with no allegiance and the death of unprotected innocents, in this case a vulnerable British baby'.
'No dignified self-governing state should abandon responsibility for its own citizens in this way, trying to dump them on to poorer countries with failed security arrangements,' he told the Observer.
The news comes as Ms Begum's father made an emotional plea for the British government to allow her to return home.
Ms Begum travelled to Syria from her home in Bethnal Green, east London, when she was aged 15 in February 2015.
Ahmed Ali, 60, said his daughter, now 19, 'did wrong' by joining the group but did so 'without realising it' because she was 'under age'.
Mr Ali called for the government to 'take her back and punish her if she had done any mistake'.
He made the comments before discovering his grandson had died.


Chhatrapati Shivajiraje Bhosle, who is known as the founder and an ideal ruler of Hindavi Empire, is revered as an all-inclusive, compassionate King in Maharashtra and all over Bharat. In order to fight against the enemy, using the system of guerrilla war, which was ideal for mountainous regions in Maharashtra, he fought with regimes of Adilshah of Vijapur, Nizam of Ahmednagar and also the most powerful Mughal Empire at that time and sowed the seeds of the Maratha Empire. Although the empires of Adilshah, Nizam and Mughals were powerful, yet they fully relied on local chiefs (sardars) – and killedars (Officers in-charge of Forts). These sardars and killedars were causing a lot of distress & injustice to the people under their authority. Shivaji Maharaj relieved them from this brutality and set an example of very good governance before the future kings.
If we try to take a review of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj's personality and his regime, we come to know many things. His personality was a combination of highest qualities like bravery, might, physical capability, idealism, organising skill, strict and planned governance, diplomacy, courage, foresightedness and so on.
Worked very hard to increase his physical strength during his childhood and youth.
Studied various weapons for might.
United simple and sincere mavlas and kindled in them faith and idealism.
Taking an oath, he involved himself totally in the mission of establishing Hindavi Swarajya. Conquered important forts and built new ones.
He subdued many enemies by using the formula of attacking at the right time and signing a treaty if the need arises very cleverly. He tackled treason, deceit, and enmity within Swarajya very successfully.
Used guerrilla technique very shrewdly while attacking.
Made proper arrangements for ordinary people, farmers, brave soldiers, religious places and for so many other things.
Most important of all is that, he formed a cabinet of 8 ministers (Ashtapradhan Mandal) to look after the total governance of Hindavi Swarajya.
Tried to develop Rajbhasha very seriously; he patronised various arts.
Tried to awaken the spirit of self-respect, might, loyalty to Swarajya in the minds of downtrodden, depressed subject.
All these things were achieved by Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj in just 50 years of his lifetime !
Self-respect and the faith in Swarajya kindled in the 17th century inspires whole of Maharashtra even today.


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The Frick Madison
Madison Avenue Site Will Become the Temporary Home of Frick's Collections, Library, and Programs
Frick to Begin Renovation and Enhancement of Its Historic Buildings This Winter
New York (July 20, 2020) The Frick Collection announced today that it will reopen to the public in early 2021 in the former site of the Whitney Museum of American Art at 945 Madison Avenue. The temporary location, called Frick Madison, will house the Frick's collections, programs, and staff during the renovation and expansion of its historic buildings at 1 East 70th Street. Following a rigorous public review of the design by Selldorf Architects, the Frick is planning to break ground early in 2021, with pre-construction preparations beginning this fall. The project marks the institution's first comprehensive renovation in eighty-five years. It will create new gallery spaces for the display of the permanent collection and special exhibitions; make more of the original residence accessible to the public; improve education, library, and conservation resources; and upgrade visitor amenities and accessibility throughout the museum and library.
From early 2021 through 2022, Frick Madison will present an installation of collection highlights organized for the first time chronologically and geographically. The presentation of paintings, sculptures, and decorative arts is overseen by Xavier F. Salomon, the Frick's Deputy Director and Peter Jay Sharp Chief Curator, in conjunction with Curator Aimee Ng. Installed in the iconic modernist Marcel Breuer building, the presentation will focus on masterworks in the permanent collection, inviting new perspectives while still offering the intimate experience for which the Frick is known. Frick Madison will also include a reading room with resources of the Frick Art Reference Library available to researchers as well as the general public.
"As we continue to navigate these challenging and unprecedented times, we are thrilled to move forward with our long-planned renovation, which is critical to ensure the ongoing vitality of the institution, one of New York's most cherished cultural treasures," said Ian Wardropper, Anna-Maria and Stephen Kellen Director of the Frick. "It is immensely gratifying to be able to provide the opportunity for the public to experience our museum and library collections during a period when they otherwise would not be accessible due to construction. We hope that Frick Madison will spark new insights and ideas inspired by the installation of our holdings in another distinguished but very different setting."
Added Elizabeth Eveillard, Chair of the Frick's Board of Trustees, "We are pleased to embark on our measured renovation, knowing that the Frick's legacy will be preserved for the next generation of visitors. We remain grateful for all the support and public input we received along the way."
Peter Blanchard III, a descendant of founder Henry Clay Frick and a Trustee of the institution, noted, "I believe my great-grandfather would be enormously proud of how the museum and library have evolved over time and the worldwide esteem in which the Frick is held. This next phase for the Frick is an important milestone in the institution's history. At its heart lies a commitment to the 'Frick Experience'—the chance to intimately engage with incredible works of art."
Further details about the exhibition program at Frick Madison will be announced in the coming months, along with information about education and public programs, Frick Art Reference Library resources, and extended membership benefits. In the meantime, the Frick recently launched a guide on the free Bloomberg Connects app. Audiences may explore the museum and library from the comfort of their own homes or use it on-site next year at Frick Madison. It is available for both iOS and Android via the Apple App and Google Play Stores.
Frick Madison is being realized through a collaboration between the Frick, the Whitney Museum of American Art, and The Metropolitan Museum of Art (which, until recently, operated the Met Breuer at this site).
About the Frick's Renovation and Enhancement Project
Honoring the architectural legacy and unique character of The Frick Collection, the plan designed by Selldorf Architects will provide unprecedented access to the original 1914 home of Henry Clay Frick while preserving the intimate visitor experience and beloved galleries for which the Frick is known. Conceived to address pressing institutional and programmatic needs, the plan will create critical new spaces for permanent collection display and special exhibitions, conservation, education, and public programs, while upgrading visitor amenities and overall accessibility throughout the Frick's historic buildings.
The Selldorf design plan—to be executed by Beyer Blinder Belle, Preservation and Executive Architect—encompasses approximately 60,000 square feet of repurposed space and a net gain of 18,000 square feet of new construction above and below grade. Highlights include:
Opening to the public for the first time a series of rooms on the second floor of the original residence for use as permanent collection galleries. These spaces, together with a new special exhibition area on the museum's main floor, will increase the museum's display space by 30%.
This creation of a dedicated, purpose-built education center, the first in the Frick's history, and a state-of-the-art auditorium that will better accommodate frequently sold-out programs, while offering a sense of intimacy through its rounded form and curved, raked seating plan.
Modernized back-of-house facilities, including new conservation studios to treat the museum's and library's collections.
New amenities and enhancements to facilitate ADA accessibility and visitor circulation throughout the Frick.
At the same time, the Frick will restore the 70th Street Garden and perform important upgrades to the buildings' aging infrastructure in order to safeguard the collection, improve energy efficiency, and ensure the institution's long-term sustainability.
The project was approved by the Landmarks Preservation Commission in July 2018 and by the New York City Board of Standards and Appeals in March 2020.
About The Frick Collection (Please note: the museum and library are currently closed.)
Housed in one of New York's last great Gilded Age homes, The Frick Collection provides visitors with an unparalleled opportunity for intimate encounters with one of the world's foremost collections of European fine and decorative arts. The house and collection originated with Henry Clay Frick (1849–1919), who bequeathed his home and collection of paintings, sculpture, and decorative arts for the enjoyment of the public. Among the artists Frick collected were Bellini, Holbein, Houdon, Fragonard, Manet, Renoir, Rembrandt, Titian, Turner, Velázquez, Vermeer, and Whistler. The institution's holdings, which encompass masterworks from the Renaissance through the early modern period, have grown over the decades, more than doubling in size since the opening of the museum in 1935. Among these complementary acquisitions are many public favorites, including works by Constable, Duccio, Gainsborough, Houdon, Ingres, Memling, Monet, Rembrandt, and Piero. Adjacent to the museum is the Frick Art Reference Library, founded nearly one hundred years ago by Henry Clay Frick's daughter Helen Clay Frick and recognized as one of the top resources of its kind in the world.


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The insistence of multiple states on experimenting with various levels of marijuana decriminalization or legalization raises a host of important and difficult legal questions. To explore these questions, and the emerging landscape of marijuana law and policy, the Center for Business Law & Regulation at the Case Western Reserve University School of Law hosted an interdisciplinary conference on "Marijuana, Federal Power & the States" in September 2014. The papers from this conference are contained in this issue and address a range of constitutional, regulatory, and policy issues raised by the conflict between federal marijuana prohibition and recent state-level marijuana reforms. The focus of these papers is not whether marijuana should or should not be legal, whether for medical or recreational purposes. Rather, these papers focus on the legal and policy questions raised by the fact that federal and state marijuana laws conflict.
Adler, Jonathan H., "Symposium Introduction: Marijuana, Federal Power & The State" (2015). Faculty Publications. 1660.


Contact Surface Chart « Carbonsmay s.r.o.
This indicates good performance. However, if the polish is mirror-like (glazed), high frequency chatter due to low current may be the cause. Check the side-faces of the brush for signs of vibration.
This, again, indicates that brush performance is satisfactory. Actual appearance will depend on the type of grade.
Another satisfactory condition. Fine lines indicate the presence of dust in the atmosphere. This may be overcome by the use of filters or ducting the machine's air supply from another area.
This is a further development of (3) above. The causes are normally atmospheric contamination or lack of load current.
As (4) above, but problem is more severe or has been allowed to continue for longer.
This may be associated with difficult commutation and can arise from incorrect neutral position, interpole problems or other causes of poor commutation.
Normally occurs on the trailing edge of the brush. Caused by poor commutation and heavy sparking.
Indicates heavy under-brush sparking as a result of current overload or intermittent contact.
This is an unusual condition caused by an armature winding fault and delivering Voltage surges during operation.
This occurs as a result of brush tilting on a reversing machine, i.e. the brush beds itself in both directions of rotation. In itself this does not give any cause for concern.
Copper pick-up from commutator surface can result from copper drag problems or heavy peak loads. Can cause further commutator wear. Check brush grade.
Normally occurs on the leading (entering) edge of the brush. breakage can result from poor commutator profile, high micas, loose risers and severe brush instability.


How do you eradicate the different types of contamination in a single wash cycle? Our cleaning philosophy consists of a combination of temperature, time, chemical and mechanical force. By using these four elements in the right way, we enable the users of our industrial washing systems to achieve the desired cleaning result.
Best removed at low temperatures (approx. 30-40 °C).
If the temperature is too high, the proteins will clump together ('coagulate').
The best treatment is to apply a low temperature (approx. 30-40 °C) and mechanical force in combination with the right chemicals.
The best way to remove these is to apply a high temperature (approx. 50-65 °C) and mechanical force in combination with the right chemicals.
The best way to remove these is by applying a high temperature and (very) high mechanical force. Our special sticker removal module offers a solution for this. The microfilter system filters the washing water and keeps maintenance costs low.
Dried-in dirt demands a more specific approach. This type of contamination is characteristic in products that have, for example, stayed in a freezer or outside in the sun. The right amount of pre-treatment (time) and the use of sufficient mechanical force and chemicals is an effective treatment method.


The Other Place – located at 14 West Central Avenue, The Other Place opened on August 17, 1970. It was a clothing store catering to the younger female generation. The Other Place claimed to have the "Swingingest" styles in Minot. They carried everything from ponchos, floppy hats, pant suits, and gaucho pants to mini and midi skirts. The first 500 customers received free "love" flowers and entertainment was provided by an all girl bank known as Crimson Lace. This location would be the north end of the parking lot across Central Avenue from Brady Martz.


Whether you need assistance with your project, interested in our products or a general enquiry, please do not hesitate to contact us.
Contact details given in this form will be entered on to our database and only used to contact you in connection with your enquiry.
At Advanced Smoke Group, we nurture continual growth and progression which is why we are always open to expanding our team. We employ talented and motivated individuals who are passionate about working on interesting projects and welcome a challenge.
From design engineering to human resources, we are always looking for ambitious individuals to join us. To become part of the Advanced Smoke team and flourish in a well-established company, please contact us on the details below.
Please send a covering letter of introduction and a CV to mail@advancedsmoke.co.uk.


Tim is a leading authority on corporate finance—in particular private equity, IPOs, asset management, the cost of capital, and corporate valuation. He has worked on numerous consultancy projects and provided expert testimony over the last 25 years. He has advised companies and regulators in the gas, electricity, transport, water, telecoms, sports, media and financial services sectors, and his work on the cost of capital has played an important role in regulatory reviews and decisions. As well as being a Partner at Oxera, Tim is Professor of Finance at the Saïd Business School, Oxford University, where he is also Director of the Private Equity Institute. His research is widely quoted and has been published in top academic journals. He is a frequent keynote speaker at practitioner conferences and he has received many awards, including the 2016 Harry Markowitz Prize (for his work on private equity performance), the 2015 Commonfund Prize (for the paper with the most relevance to institutional investors) and a 2014 Brattle Group Prize (awarded by the American Finance Association for the best research on corporate finance).
Tim's main academic work has been published in peer-reviewed journals. He has also published five books, including his acclaimed book on IPOs (Going Public), and a book of articles on Competition in Regulated Industries.
Harris, R., Jenkinson, T.J., Kaplan, S.N. and Stucke, R. (2017), 'Financial Intermediation in Private Equity: How Well do Funds of Funds Perform?', Journal of Financial Economics.
Braun, R., Jenkinson, T.J. and Stoff, I. (2017), 'How Persistent is Private Equity Performance? Evidence from Deal-Level data', Journal of Financial Economics, 123, pp. 273–91.
Jenkinson, T.J., Jones, H. and Martinez, J. (2016), 'Picking Winners: Investment Consultants' Recommendations of Fund Managers', Journal of Finance, 71, pp. 2333–70. Winner of the 2015 Commonfund prize for paper with the most impact on endowment asset management.
Harris, R., Jenkinson, T.J. and Kaplan, S.N. (2016), 'How Do Private Equity Investments Perform Compared to Public Equity?', Journal of Investment Management, 14, pp. 1–24 (lead article).
Harris, R., Jenkinson, T.J. and Kaplan, S.N. (2015), 'Private Equity Performance: What Do We Know?', Journal of Finance, 69, pp. 1841–82.
Axelson, U., Jenkinson, T.J., Stromberg, P. and Weisbach, M. (2013), 'Borrow Cheap, Buy High? The Determinants of Leverage and Pricing in Buyouts', Journal of Finance, 68, pp. 2223–67. Awarded the Brattle Distinguished Paper Prize by the American Finance Association.
Jenkinson, T.J. and Ramadorai, T. (2013), 'Does One-Size-Fit-All? The Consequences of Switching Markets with Different Regulatory Standards', European Financial Management, 19, pp. 852–86. Awarded the best paper prize at the CFA Financial Analysts Journal Schulich School of Business conference on 'Financing Public and Private Firms: Fraud, Ethics and Regulation' in April 2012.
Abrahamson, M., Jenkinson, T.J. and Jones, H. (2011), 'Why Don't U.S. Issuers Demand European Fees for IPOs?', Journal of Finance, 66, pp. 2055–82.
Jenkinson, T.J. and Jones, H. (2009), 'IPO pricing and allocation: a survey of the views of institutional investors', Review of Financial Studies, 22:4, pp. 1477–504.
Jenkinson, T.J. and Jones, H. (2007), 'The Economics of IPO stabilization, syndicates and naked shorts', European Financial Management, 13:4, pp. 616–42. Awarded the prize for the best paper published in European Financial Management in 2007.
Jenkinson, T.J. (2007), 'Regulation and the Cost of Capital', in M. Crew and D. Parker (eds), International Handbook on Economic Regulation, Edward Elgar.
Jenkinson, T.J., Morrison, A. and Wilhelm, W. (2006), 'Why are European IPOs so rarely priced outside the indicative price range?', Journal of Financial Economics 80, pp. 185–209.
Jenkinson, T.J. and Jones, H. (2004), 'Bids and Allocations in European IPO Bookbuilding', Journal of Finance, 59:5, pp. 2309–38, October.
Ljungqvist, A., Jenkinson, T.J. and Wilhelm, W. (2003), 'Global Integration in Primary Equity Markets: the Role of U.S. Banks and U.S. Investors', Review of Financial Studies, 16:1, pp. 63–99. Reprinted as chapter 11, in J. Ritter (ed.) (2004), Recent Developments in Corporate Finance, Edward Elgar.
Bell, L. and Jenkinson, T.J. (2002), 'New Evidence on the Impact of Dividend Taxation and on the Identity of the Marginal Investor', Journal of Finance, 57:3, June, pp. 1321–46. Nominated for the Smith Breedon Prize awarded by the American Finance Association.


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Summer Music Camp
Summer Music Camp Staff
2019 Summer Music Camp Payment Page
Center Stage Calendar
Ovation West Governing Documents
Evergreen Chorale
Ovation West Musical Theatre
Altezza Chamber Choir
Shining Stars Concert Series
High School Internships
By chorale_admin
Ovation West Performing Arts Earns GuideStar's Highest Seal of Transparency
Guidestar's Platinum Seal Allows Donors to Focus on Progress and Results Ovation West has earned a 2019 Platinum Seal of Transparency, the highest level of recognition offered by GuideStar, the world's largest source of nonprofit information. By sharing metrics that highlight progress the Ovation West is making toward its mission, the organization is helping donors move beyond simplistic ways of nonprofit evaluation such as overhead ratios. "In accordance with our long-held belief in following best practices for non-profits and being transparent about our work," said executive director Susan Kramer, "we are excited to convey our organization's results in a user-friendly…
Team Evergreen Donates $200,000 to Local Nonprofits
Ovation West was one of the dozens of non-profit organizations which provided volunteers to support Team Evergreen's annual "Triple Bypass" and we are very grateful to be among the recipients of a generous donation in appreciation of that support. What an amazing way to give back to our community! Thank you TEAM EVERGREEN!
Evergreen Rotary Club President donates $6,000 to Evergreen Chorale
Larry Caine, president of Evergreen's Rotary Club during the 2017-2018 year, made his presentation of $6,000 to the Evergreen Chorale. Caine said, "This gift is in recognition of the heightened level of excellence the Evergreen Chorale has achieved under the artistic direction of Christine Gaudreau and the business direction of Susan Kramer in these past six or seven years." Caine further explained that while many outgoing presidents have spread around their allotted grant money, he focused the entire amount entrusted to him on the Evergreen Chorale as recognition of the tremendous growth the organization has achieved, most notably through the…
Katie Glassman & Greg Schochet: Shining Stars on June 1
Katie Glassman and Greg Schochet were the guest artists for the final concert in this season's Shining Stars concert series, at June 1 at Center Stage. Katie Glassman is that rare musician who possesses a combination of instrumental virtuosity and powerful musical expression. She is one of the country's most renowned and decorated Texas-style and swing fiddlers, she's the 7 time Colorado state fiddle champion as well as the 3-time and current National Swing Fiddle Champion. Greg Schochet is equally adept on guitar and mandolin, he is fluent in all manner of acoustic and electric styles, specializing in bluegrass, swing…
Award-Winning Regional Premiere of The Hunchback of Notre Dame
The Evergreen Chorale presented the Regional Premiere of The Hunchback of Notre Dame from Sept 15 – Oct 8 at Center Stage. Our production won 5 Broadway World awards: Best Dramatic Musical Best Music Director - Christine Gaudreau Best Director of a Musical - Timothy Kennedy Best Costume Design of a Musical - Davis Sibley Best Set Design of a Musical - Biz Schaugaard In addition, Davis Sibley, costume designer, just received a nomination for a Henry Award for his costuming of this show! Click here to see a promotional video of The Hunchback of Notre Dame. Below are some photos…
Workshop with Composer Ola Gjeilo
On October 11, 2017, the Evergreen Chorale welcomed composer Ola Gjeilo for a workshop with the choir and the Evergreen High School Choral Images choir. Composer and pianist Ola Gjeilo was born in Norway in 1978 and moved to the United States in 2001 to begin his composition studies at the Juilliard School in New York City, where he currently resides. Ola is currently composer-in-residence with DCINY and Albany Pro Musica. Ola's recordings include the Decca Classics albums Ola Gjeilo (2016) and Winter Songs (2017), featuring Tenebrae, Voces8 and the Choir of Royal Holloway. His choral and piano works are published…
Shining Stars: Michael Mandrell and Gretchen Moritz
In July 2017, we kicked off the season with the first concert in our Shining Stars series, featuring an evening of music with guitarist Michael Mandrell who was joined by flutist Gretchen Moritz. Michael Mandrell currently makes his home in Portland, Oregon and Taos, New Mexico. Influenced by the burgeoning Celtic folk music revival taking place in Britain, France and North America, Michael explores the diversity of open tunings, the nuanced harmonic palates of modern jazz influences and even East Indian modalities. He plays a mix of handmade steel string guitars from luthiers Tom Cornett, Stephen Smith and Mike Doolin.…
Ovation West Performing Arts | 303.674.4002
PO Box 2103, Evergreen CO 80437
email: info@ovationwest.org
27608 Fireweed Drive, Evergreen CO 80439


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This piece has by far been the most used piece in my past waterfowl season. This piece has been a crucial layer in every excursion I have been a part of this year. Durable, Lightweight, and Warm. Perfect for early season all the way through late season as a layer under the Delta Jacket. I use this piece on hiking, camping, fishing, and pretty much and outdoor adventure I embark on. Great job on the design and comfort. I am 6'3, 215 order and XLT fits stellar.
I am 6' 0" tall and weigh roughly 160 lbs. I purchased the Sitka Grinder Hoodie in Regular Medium and was not disappointed one bit. The hood forms to the head perfectly, is 100% true to fit and is also very comfortable as a next to skin or outer layer. The bottom of the hoodie is long and made to tuck into your bibs/ pants etc., the front runs down to about mid crotch area and in the rear it also runs about midway down the rear end. I would recommend the Grinder Hoodie to anyone that is looking at purchasing this or something equivalent. Keep up the good work Sitka Staff.