text:
Tag Archives: San Diego
Chargers, NFL, Uncategorized
August 23, 2017 San Diego Sportswire	Leave a comment
Feb. 6, 2017 – "Before the election, ratings for NFL games had declined 12% year-over-year, according to analysts at MoffettNathanson. And for much of the season, every NFL primetime offering — on Sundays, Mondays, and Thursdays — was down by double digits."
Aug. 20, 2017 – "There were 21,000-plus for the opener vs. Seattle and up to 5,000 of them were Seahawksfans. Witnesses were unsure how many Saints fans were at Sunday night's hardly jam-packed Exhibition No. 2, but not enough."
Aug. 20, 2017 – "Word is the Spanoses are upset with attendance. Don't know why. If they did research — and they hadn't just knee-jerked themselves out of town for a money grab — they would have known."
Empty Stub Hub Center for Pre-Season 2017
Let's start off by calling a Spade a Spade. The people who run the NFL are not smart people. Most of them are trust fund kids or come from old money which means they really have no fucking clue about actual society or how to run a successful business. Do you ever wonder why these idiots make the worst football decisions? They just aren't smart. Yes, they have a lot of money from the expansion of a game created by their intelligent predecessors, but these fucktards have an uncanny ability to make the worst social and business decisions known to man. You could not pay someone to come up with bad ideas that these guys just have in the wings waiting… every day of the week.
Now, let's visit this whole "LA Chargers" thing. BWAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA! After a year where NFL RATINGS WERE DOWN BY DOUBLE DIGITS, these fucking morons decided to alienate an entire NFL market. The "LA Chargers" are dead to San Diego and were never alive in Los Angeles to begin with. The Spanus family can buy all of the tattoos they want, but there is no real fan support for this team in LA. There really isn't and let's dive in to that a bit more because these people are fucking scum.
The cheapest former HC in the NFL… Courtesy of The Spanus Clan in their "Fight for SD"! LOL
The Spanos family and the NFL hired PR firms who employ internet trolls and companies with fake Facebook accounts. The NFL is either too stupid to realize that the Spanos family hired PR firms to alienate the San Diego fanbase or they consented. Either way, the NFL looks really bad for allowing a 56 year old franchise to move and then allowing the owner's sons to hire internet trolls to defend it. All around, it is a terrible look for the league which many are saying is going to be a major tipping point for the NFL in the court of public opinion. Government officials are reportedly getting wary of the NFL's antics… after all, Senators and Congress Reps have hometown loyalties too.
That old adage of, "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it." certainly applies here in my humble opinion. The NFL failed; not once, not twice, but three previous times in LA. It is a transplant city where people are about as loyal as your goldfish. It is not a community to build around an NFL franchise and that is why all three franchises relocated out of that city. These people really aren't smart. This is what happens when you get a bunch of people in a room together who have no clue how the NFL or society functions effectively. It is astonishing to see the amount of hubris at work here, but this is the current fad. Calgary's Olympic Park salutes the resources the NFL and the Spanus family have dumped in to this effort!
NOTE TO ST. LOUIS – KARMA Bitches! The reason you didn't get to finish the debt servicing on the new stadium you lured the Rams to St. Louis with 20 years ago is because of Karma, you team stealing hacks. You should've gone after your original team(Cardinals) and maybe this wouldn't have happened. At least you got a Super Bowl Ring jerks.
Now back to the idiots running this league… Did any of these rich fuckers mention "the fans" when the idea of relocation came up? No, of course not. These prissy rich kids couldn't think their way out of a paper-bag let alone have empathetic thoughts about people in a different economic circle(You, me… aka Fans). The only thing this league thinks about under current ownership & management is, money. Cold, hard cash.
Charger Country was NUKED by the NFL… "For the Fans" apparently.
If the league was a true American pillar of society, the NFL would pay for its own stadiums and aid the communities with financing… as opposed to fleecing these cities which don't even get the team named after them. Should we ask the cities if they like getting ZERO RECOGNITION for putting up hundreds of millions in tax dollars?
Santa Clara 49ers… Nope
New Jersey Giants… Nope
New Jersey Jets… Nope
Arlington Cowboys… Nope
Carson City Chargers… Nope
Glendale Cardinals… Nope
So after your gutless politicians fall all over themselves to give all of your tax dollars to the NFL, you don't even get the naming rights!? How is that American? The NFL has become the modern day Big Tobacco. We know the NFL is physically dangerous but now it is fiscally dangerous(Tax Dollars) and mentally dangerous(CTE). The NFL is going to get what it deserves and is going to find out the hard way that you don't mess with San Diegans. There's a reason San Diego is America's Finest City and both the NFL and the country are going to see this on display until the Spanus family is forced to sell and the bolts are returned to San Diego.
Did ANYONE in the NFL front office think about the loss of the song, "San Diego Super Chargers"? No, of course they didn't. They're fucking morons. The NFL lost its best song but NFL owners don't listen to music so I guess it isn't a surprise. I digress…
In layman's terms… this franchise move was a really bad fucking idea. The Spanus family are a bunch of fucktards who alienated themselves in San Diego. You must be a complete prick of a family when every other rich prick in this town hates you and mobilizes to crush your dreams & business. Last year's Joey Bosa contract issue was just a microcosm of what these assholes are really like… combine this type of genius with that think-tank of a front office called the NFL and you get results like 2 Game Suspensions for Wife Beaters, or 56 year old franchises moved without support, or team doctors trying to drag down the whole league's medical staff because they won't admit to SOP's of doctors transporting controlled substances(prescriptions) across state lines(Illegal). These people are not smart, they make stupid fucking decisions that 10 year olds know how to avoid, and then they lie about it and tell everyone, "It's all about the fans!"
Hey NFL and Spanus Family…. GO FUCK YOURSELVES! Your ratings are going to be worse than last year and it is going to be awesome watching this dumpster-fire all season!
Spanus Cartel aka Rich Kids W/O a Clue!
NOTE: Yes, I know their name is Spanos… Sounds eerily like ANUS… Get it now?
AFCLA ChargersLos Angeles ChargersNational Football LeaguenflSan DiegoSan Diego Chargers


1. Wash and remove the middle part (seeds) of the bitter gourd. Chop finely. Mix salt and turmeric and keep aside for atleast 30 mins. Squeeze the excess water well after 30 mins.
2. Heat oil and deep fry the chopped butter gourd until golden in colour, not until its burnt.
3. Drain excess oil in paper towel. Dry roast first chana dal, urad dal, coriander, red chillies until golden.
4. Dry roast coconut separately. cool down all the ingredients roasted. Add garlic and tamarind.
5. Grind all these ingredients into slightly coarse powder along with salt.
o I was thinking about healthy version and thought baking the bitter gourd and trying out the same. If I try, will update here.
o You can skip coconut.


text:
NM company awarded new contract to build 15 miles of border wall in South Texas
by: Fernie Ortiz
Posted: Mar 2, 2020 / 01:48 PM CST / Updated: Mar 2, 2020 / 03:48 PM CST
U.S. Border Patrol Supervisory Agent Christian Alvarez on Thursday, Jan. 9, 2020, walks beside a 1-mile section of new border wall that has been built in western Starr County near the town of Fronton. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, construction continues on the border wall this week. (Sandra Sanchez/Border Report)
EL PASO, Texas (Border Report) — A New Mexico-based company has been awarded a new contract to build 15 miles of border wall where barriers currently don't exist in South Texas, U.S. Customs and Border Protection announced Tuesday.
Southwest Valley Constructors Co. of Albuquerque has been chosen to build the border wall system, which includes a 30-foot-tall steel bollard wall, all-weather roads, lighting, enforcement cameras and other related technology.
LA GRULLA, TX – MARCH 15: The sun sets as the Rio Grande winds along the U.S.-Mexico border on March 15, 2017 near La Grulla, Texas. U.S. Customs and Border Protection announced that illegal crossings along the southwest border with Mexico dropped 40 percent during the month of February. (Photo by John Moore/Getty Images)
Chicano activist harkens back to La Grulla before wall plans, Border Patrol 'invaded'
EXCLUSIVE: Border Report gets first look at new wall at South Texas wildlife refuge
Border-wall survey markers reignite flooding concerns in Starr County, Texas
CBP, in partnership with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, awarded Southwest Valley the contract worth up to $179.6 million, which is funded by CBP's Fiscal Year 2018 and 2019 appropriations.
Pending availability of real estate, construction is expected to begin this year in Star County. The project consists of four non-contiguous border-wall segments, which will connect to other newly built segments within Roma, Rio Grande City, Escobares, La Grulla and the town of Salineño. CBP said it completed additional consultation with local elected officials from these municipalities.
The Border wall system is also located within the Border Patrol's Rio Grande Valley Sector, which is the busiest in the nation. The RGV Sector accounts for 25% of all illegal alien apprehensions and ranks first in cocaine, methamphetamine, and marijuana seized along the southwest border.
"These projects will improve the RGV Sector's ability to impede and deny illegal border crossings and the drug and human smuggling activities of transnational criminal organizations," CBP said in the news release.
In June, Southwest Valley Constructors was awarded a contract for $33 million to build four miles of border wall south of La Grulla and nearby Rio Grande City. The projects are part of the 52 miles of border wall that will be built in Starr County, which is the entire length the county.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Detail Single:
Tahun rilis: 20 Maret 2009
Dibuat: Tahun 2009
Aliran Musik: Country Pop
Durasi: 3:12
Label: Walt Disney
Penulis: Taylor Swift, Robert Ellis
Penyanyi: Taylor Swift, Nathan Chapman
Deskripsi tentang single Crazier:
"Crazier" is a song by American recording artist Taylor Swift. The song was written by Swift and Robert Ellis Orrall and produced by Nathan Chapman with Swift's aid. The song was featured in both the 2009 film Hannah Montana: The Movie and on its soundtrack. The song is a relaxed ballad with country pop qualities and lyrics that describe being in love. Swift performed the song as herself during a cameo in the Hannah Montana: The Movie; this scene was taken from the film and released as a music video for "Crazier". The song was premiered on Radio Disney and Disney Channel, the latter promoting the home release of the film. The song charting at number seventeen on the Billboard Hot 100, sixty-four in the Australian Singles Chart, sixty-seven in the Canadian Hot 100 and one-hundred on the UK Singles Chart.
"Crazier" was praised by critics, many of whom named it the best song on the soundtrack. Digital downloads began immediately after the soundtrack's release on March 23, 2009, and led to commercial success in Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Its highest international peak was at number seventeen on the United States chart, the Billboard Hot 100.
Single Taylor Swift - Crazier
Click here to download | Size: 7MB
Single Taylor Swift - Crazier (Mirror Link)
Tags: mp3, music, Semua, Single


IES Guidance is growing a small library for students, parents, and teachers to support the social and emotional well being of IES families. Books found in the Guidance Library may be borrowed by contacting the Guidance Counselor, Mrs. Smith at (814) 899-7643 ext. 3142.
Below is a list of books that are currently available.
I Just Don't Like the Sound of No!


text:
ScheduleAMC TalkTWDU
AMC Talk
Halt and Catch Fire Q&A - Aleksa Palladino (Sara Wheeler)
Posted by AMC Editors | June 15, 2015
Aleksa Palladino, who plays Sara Wheeler on AMC's Halt and Catch Fire, talks about '80s fashion and what interested her most about her character.
Q: You're a newcomer to the series. What was your first day on set like?
A: I had so much to do and there was so much dialogue – which is often a nerve-racking way to start a job – but it wound up being really good because I just jumped right in and by my third day of work, I felt like I had been there for months.
Q: How much did you already know about Joe MacMillan's backstory, and where you would be fitting in? How did you and Lee Pace go about forming the dynamic and chemistry between Joe and Sara?
A: I got the chance to work with Lee Pace before that first day. We sat down and talked about our characters and what we think happened between seasons and what our connection is. I watched all of Season 1 the weekend before I went down to Atlanta and I thought it would be interesting to see a character like Joe put in a situation where he had to be vulnerable with someone. He lives very much in his mind, so it's nice to add an element of the uncontrollable in the heart and see a man like that be dependent on someone else in a relationship.
Q: How would you describe the way Sara feels about Joe? How about the way Joe feels about Sara?
A: I've been thinking a lot about the season as a whole. What I see as the common thread for both the overall story and the characters as individuals is the need for real connection. I think we see that through everything that's going on at Mutiny with the chat rooms, the gaming and a way for people to connect. We also see that in the personal relationships between the characters and I feel that's what Sara and Joe have. For Joe, Sara is probably the first time in a long time where he's actually felt loved for who he is.
Q: You were just a child in the '80s. Do you remember the era at all? Any fond memories?
A: Well, obviously I played Mario Brothers. [Laughs] It's the little things that you remember. In one of the episodes, I used the phone in the apartment and I remembered that as a kid, whenever we bought a phone, we had to have the longest cord possible so you could go in your bedroom and still be on it. It's so funny how much of our day-to-day life has changed in the last 30 years. The show is a period piece, but it is also our recent history and because of all the technological advancements, it seems so long ago.
Q: amc.com creates Spotify playlists for Halt and Catch Fire characters. If you could pick one '80s song to represent Sara, what would it be?
A: Well, I love Elvis Costello, so anything of his.
Q: Kerry Bishé told us how much she enjoys the clothing from the '80s. Are you a fan as well? Is there anything you want to make a comeback?
A: The Costume Designer, Kimberly [Adams-Galligan], is great because she really gets into the character with you and clothing is one of the first ways that people see you. It is important. We decided that we would keep Sara away from things that were trendy and I felt that nailed it for my character. Trends that were happening then that could come back? I mean, I'm surprised shoulder pads never came back.
Q: Should they?
A: Yeah, I don't know if they should! [Laughs] And I do really love big hair, I have to say.
Q: What was it like using that typewriter in Episode 203? Was it drastically different from the modern technology we're so used to today?
A: It really is and they knew it would be [different], so they dropped one off at my apartment there and told me to start practicing. The amount of pressure to push a key down, the spacing and everything is different. I was most aware of how noisy they are. I came up with this idea that Sara probably writes at night when Joe is sleeping, but then when I actually did it, I was like, "This would wake him up."
Q: What drew you most to playing Sara? Is there anything you were particularly excited about?
A: I was really excited to play someone who had a failed "Plan A." I think that's another commonality between her and Joe. I think there's something really interesting in meeting people in the second acts of their life. She's very warm and sweet and open, but this is someone who really knows who she is. I was drawn to someone who was so formidable and self-aware in a real way.
Click here to read an interview with Mackenzie Davis (Cameron Howe).
Inside Episode 711: Mad Men: Time & Life
Matt Weiner breaks down the momentous unrest of the Sterling Cooper & Partners move to McCann.
Fashion and Style: Episode 711: Mad Men: Time & Life
Costume Designer Janie Bryant and others discuss the meticulous style and fashion of Episode 711.
Talked About Scene: Episode 711: Mad Men: Time & Life
Don and Roger drink and reminisce over a decade of friendship.
This Season on The Son
Don't miss new episodes, Saturdays 9/8c on AMC.
A Discovery of Witches Season 2 Trailer
They escaped through time, but their presence in the past could destroy the future — and each other. A Discovery of Witches returns January 9 on AMC+.
The Walking Dead: World Beyond: The Opening Minutes of Season 1, Episode 10
Watch the opening minutes of the next episode of The Walking Dead: World Beyond.
(SPOILERS) The Walking Dead: World Beyond Talked About Scene: Season 1, Episode 10
The journey finally reaches an end.
(SPOILERS) The Walking Dead: World Beyond Talked About Scene: Season 1, Episode 9
Hope makes a momentous decision without consulting her sister.
(SPOILERS) Inside The Conclusion of The Walking Dead: World Beyond Season 1
The cast and creators break down the final episodes of the first season and how Huck manipulated the group's entire journey.
First Look at Daryl, Maggie, Carol and More in The Walking Dead's Extended 10th Season
A Discovery of Witches: Everything You Need to Know Before Starting Season 2
How to Watch A Discovery of Witches Season 2
Best Christmas Ever: Willy Wonka, Elf, & Christmas Vacation Super Activity Pages
Best Christmas Ever: Travel Vicariously Through These Holiday Classics
Best Christmas Ever: Holiday-Fail Movies That Will Bring You Comfort This Season
AMC Remembers John le Carré, Author of The Night Manager and The Little Drummer Girl
Collecting the Dead – The Chase Is on With The Walking Dead Universe Collect
The Walking Dead Universe 2020 Holiday Gift Guide
follow AMC
sign up to get the latest
Select your provider
quick linksAll ShowsAll MoviesAll EpisodesScheduleAMC TalkTWDUTWDU ShopNewsletters
ways to watchiOS AppAndroid AppApple TVFire TVRokuAMC+
need help?FAQs
AdvertisePressCareersTV Parental GuidelinesPrivacyCookiesTerms & Conditions
Copyright © 2010-2021 AMC Network Entertainment LLC. All rights reserved.


text:
writing without rhythm
Fountain pens in Singapore FAQ
Translation: "The True Mettle of Japanese Pens"
books, inspiration
Interview with Salman Rushdie
April 16, 2008 strangeknight	Leave a comment
From The Independent:
Everyone, fan or foe, invokes their own imaginary Rushdie. We dream him up, and he duly takes shape: as blaspheming apostate for many still-outraged Muslims; as cocky subcontinental pseud for old-school British racists; as martyr to free speech for liberal literati. With the announcement of his knighthood, last June, this parade of straw men swelled to a seething carnival of prejudice and projection. From one corner, the pious haters swung into action: the parliament of Pakistan passed a motion against the honour as an insult to Islam. From another, the gossip-sheet haters seized on rumours of an impending divorce to renew their attritional campaign of "attacks on my physical appearance, as if I've ever invested anything in how beautiful I am". From yet another, the kneejerk-leftist haters matched them all in bile: The Guardian ran a defamatory rant from a Cambridge English don that grossly misrepresented his books, his politics and his ideas with a recklessness that would shame a GCSE-level duffer.
"Truthfully, I don't get it," says this hard-working 60-year-old writer, clad in a writer's comfy sweater, mulling over his burdensome double life as multipurpose scapegoat. "I just don't understand it. I think I've led a serious creative life. All that I've tried to do for over 30 years is to be the best writer that I know how to be… It's as if people don't see that in some way, and that's distressing."
Salman Rushdiewriting
inspiration, photography
Life Before Death
April 2, 2008 strangeknight	Leave a comment
German photographer Walter Schels was terrified of death, but felt compelled to take these extraordinary series of portraits of people before and on the day they died. His partner Beate Lakotta recorded the poignant and revealing interviews with the subjects in their final days.
Haven't you seen these yet? Or at least read the article?
There's a lyric from a song I like:
that everyone you know someday will die
But instead of saying all of your goodbyes
let them know you realise that time goes fast.
It's hard to make the good things last
You realise the sun don't go down.
It's just an illusion caused by the world
spinnin' round
— Do You Realise, The Flaming Lips
deathphotographyThe Flaming Lips
documentary, film industry, filmmaking, inspiration
From 3 to thousands
March 7, 2008 strangeknight	Leave a comment
Ah, technology!
But if you are cheap, desperate and inventive, smaller crowds can be generated from no crowds at all — just a couple of people.
From Kevin Kelly's blog, via SGFilm.
anime, future, inspiration, Japan, marketing, media, music, nostalgia, religion, social networks, video games, YouTube
Vocaloid 2; Value from Efficiency; User-Generated Content distribution
September 19, 2007 strangeknight	1 Comment
I'm still impressed with the abilities of the Vocaloid 2 software (found via Boing Boing). Put in a melody and lyrics, and the software generates singing.
It sounds pretty good. Try this sample:
The opera sequence from Final Fantasy 6 — one of the most touching sequences from the best RPG I've ever played.
Watching this brought back good memories of the experience playing the game, and that's partly what makes Vocaloid memorable for me.
The singing isn't perfect — one comment remarked that the singer sounded like she'd a cold — but this is a technological factor. As coding gets better, so will the voices. But it may not matter — most people are willing to accept less-than-ideal quality media in certain contexts, compression codecs affect sound quality, and when you're listening to music in a subway train, bus or car you can't tell anyway.
The value of Vocaloid lies in how it flows with the trend for more user-generated content. It fits in nicely with existing distribution chains for user-generated content. Make a song with Vocaloid, overlay on a video file and upload to YouTube.
(Does it still make sense to call UGC a "trend"? Isn't it already here and a part of our lived experiences?)
I'm also struck by how YouTube has become a music player although it began as a video-sharing site. This serendipitous use has been driven by the sheer ease of use and easy availability via laptops and widespread broadband.
Compare this with how people rarely used CD-based gaming consoles like the Playstation to play music. Clearly it was silly to turn on the player and a TV set to play music when it was much more efficient to use a CD player. Even a Discman with speakers plugged in was a preferable alternative.
So functionality is nice, but if it's not efficient relative to current alternatives the functionality won't add much value to the user.
Although Vocaloid is aimed at otaku, there must be similar groups that would buy such software.
Let's consider characteristics of the otaku audience — predominantly teenagers, tech-savvy, relatively affluent and of course, a little obsessive.
Hmm… has anyone tried packaging Vocaloid for Christian rock fans?
musicotakusoftwareuser-generated contentvideo gamesVocaloid2
anime, inspiration, Japan, music
Rebuild of Evangelion & "Beautiful World"
August 29, 2007 strangeknight	3 Comments
Neon Genesis Evangelion is one of my favorite anime series, and so I'm a bit unhappy over how Gainax so readily whores exploits the characters in a never-ending array of merchandise, the bulk of which is unrelated to the original series.
Yes, I know it's just business. But still.
And so I'm ambivalent about Rebuild of Evangelion — four new animated movies that will provide an alternate retelling of the original story.
I'm comforted by the fact that Anno Hideaki is chief director, and especially by his statement that GAINAX isn't controlling this. More reasons to hope that the movies don't turn out to be hollow commercial fluff.
Utada Hikaru sings the theme song for the first movie: Beautiful World. I don't know if this is a good sign or a bad one.
If you can read Japanese or you're just curious, the Japanese lyrics are here
film, filmmaking, ideas, inspiration
Ingmar Bergman R.I.P.
July 30, 2007 strangeknight	1 Comment
The end of an era. From the Guardian film blog:
Was Bergman in touch with the European mind of his generation? Perhaps he simply was the mind of his generation. Of the great post-war directors, he was the one who shouldered the burden of moral questions: is there a God? Is there a God who is exists, but is absent? Should we behave as if God exists, if we suspect he doesn't? If he is merely absent for some unknowable millennial span, then how should we interpret this indifference, or this rebuke? And why, finally, does anything exist at all?
architecture, art, film, film industry, filmmaking, history, inspiration, media, myth, nostalgia, Singapore
The Last Wayang – 31 Aug
Was browsing the pamphlet for the upcoming Singapore Art Show (which btw comes with special post-its attached) when this event caught my eye:
The Last Wayang
Situated at the disused Capitol Theatre, The Last Wayang provokes a reflection on Singapore's old films.
Date: 31 Aug
Time: 7pm – 12am
I emailed NAC for more info:
The Last Wayang is a project helmed by Lasalle Masters students and graduates. It consists of video projections on the facade of the disused Capitol Theatre. One projection is of stills of old film posters, and the other is an MTV style video.
Below is an excerpt of the project description from the artists "The video comprises of [sic] images of past films and how they have contributed to the flourishing local films of today. The highlights will be done in a trailer / MTV superimposition to apply this contradiction of nostalgia and modern times. "
I often wish the Capitol would reopen as a cinema.
(earlier posts about the Capitol)
books – film – fountain pens – media – photography
Review: Saga, Volume 1
Review: A Fighting Chance
Every time I'm tempted to buy a lever-filler….
Review: Ministry of Moral Panic
Review: The Lost Carving: A Journey to the Heart of Making
IP issues
Reviews and Criticism
SFS Blog


They have traveled to Washington DC for the past 44 years, these steadfast defenders of life.
Nothing has deterred them from their mission, even when a blizzard threatened them last year. They came anyway, their numbers smaller, but still they rallied to stand for life.
The theme for this year's March for Life was "The Power of One." It says that one person can turn hearts to the cause of life.
I would also say that power comes from millions of voices speaking one truth: that all lives are precious. They too, form a Power of One.
Their voices are one, those Roman Catholics and Lutherans and Mormons and evangelicals. They are one with the high church clergy of the Orthodox Christian church and their more exuberant brethren in the African-American Church of God in Christ.
Nat Hentoff was no Christian. He called himself a Jewish atheist. Yet his voice was part of that Power of One voice joined with other advocates for life.
No matter the loss, no matter the weather, the steadfast voices of those who speak for the unborn, the disabled, and for those facing the end of their lives, will continue to join together in Washington DC. And they will faithfully carry on as long as those lives are threatened.
Yea, Kim! Nat Hentoff was a great writer.
Google Julie Bindel and shoot all men.
I doubt that she is a member of that pro-life organization, which has been around since the 1980's. You might check the link I provided. They don't advocate killing men.
I agree with you she is not a member of that group. My point was that feminism is hate movement, Julie Bindel is just honest about it. I can provide quotes from leading feminists like Drowkin, Greer, et. al.
Anyhow, if you want to end abortion, come up with a male birth control pill. In general, men would eat them like candy. No man wants to saddle himself with 21 years of child support. When will it be our bodies, our choice?
I have a better idea, and that's to wait until marriage, but I'm a really old-fashioned kinda girl, so there's that. . .
Anyway, thank you for reading.


text:
Chłodnica samochodowa – wymiennik ciepła stosowany do chłodzenia silnika spalinowego w samochodach.

Najczęściej stosowanym sposobem chłodzenia silników w samochodach jest chłodzenie cieczą: w bloku i głowicy silnika znajdują się wydrążone kanały, przez które przepływa medium chłodzące. Może nim być woda albo płyn o niskiej temperaturze zamarzania, najczęściej wodny roztwór glikolu etylenowego. Obieg płynu chłodzącego zapewnia pompa wodna.

Chłodnica najczęściej zbudowana jest w formie panelu cienkich rurek, zaopatrzonych w odprowadzające z nich ciepło ożebrowanie z cienkiej blachy, zwiększające aktywną powierzchnię odprowadzania ciepła. Przez panel chłodnicy przepływa powietrze. Ruch powietrza jest wywoływany ruchem pojazdu i wentylatorem. Stosuje się układy z wentylatorem pracującym cały czas albo załączanym po przekroczeniu przez blok silnika określonej temperatury. Chłodnica zazwyczaj – w samochodach z silnikiem umieszczonym przed kabiną kierowcy – znajduje się na przodzie samochodu, dzięki czemu chłodnica omywana jest "świeżym" (nieogrzanym przez silnik) powietrzem.

Chłodnice samochodowe dobierane są w konstrukcji samochodu tak, aby nawet w najtrudniejszych warunkach pracy zapewnić temperaturę medium chłodzącego poniżej punktu wrzenia. W celu utrzymania temperatury silnika w układzie chłodzenia znajduje się termostat, który zamyka przepływ cieczy chłodzącej przez chłodnicę gdy jej temperatura jest niższa od około 85 °C.

Wlot powietrza do panelu chłodnicy w samochodach zasłonięty jest najczęściej ażurową osłoną (tzw. "atrapą" lub potocznie "grillem"); zwykle jest ona ważnym elementem ozdobnym samochodu, a jej wygląd bywa często "znakiem firmowym" producenta i jest powielany w różnych modelach tej samej marki.

Chłodnice o podobnej konstrukcji instalowane są praktycznie we wszystkich pojazdach samochodowych – samochodach osobowych, ciężarowych i autobusach oraz w ciągnikach i lokomotywach spalinowych, a także przy wszystkich innych silnikach spalinowych, także stacjonarnych – przy spalinowych sprężarkach, agregatach prądotwórczych, motopompach itp. Przy urządzeniach stacjonarnych kluczowym zagadnieniem jest zapewnienie dostatecznie skutecznego przepływu powietrza przez panel chłodnicy, co jest trudniejsze, niż w poruszających się pojazdach, owiewanych powietrzem otaczającym. Silniki spalinowe mniejszej mocy, instalowane np. w motocyklach, małych samochodach (np. Fiat 126), pilarkach łańcuchowych, kosiarkach, ciągnikach ogrodniczych, bywają często chłodzone powietrzem i w nich chłodnica nie jest stosowana.

Elementy budowy silnika spalinowego

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Last month you may have seen the beat-up standard pipe attached to the 3-hunge following its journey to the Melbourne Enduro-X. Well, all pride in the KTM has been restored with a new expansion chamber and silencer from KTM's Powerparts division. This top-quality factory-spec exhaust system is specially built for KTM by FMF, which has been building performance pipes for longer than I can remember. Apart from looks, the new pipe and muffler combo feels lighter yet also fits to the bike with the same alignment and precision as the standard pipe and muffler.
The Powerparts gear has restored the crisp, tight feel to the engine when the bike fires into life. That horrible reverberation sound has gone now there's no crushed pipe vibrating against the frame. But. more importantly, the FMF system seems even quieter than standard. This is a good thing in every way: it doesn't leave your ears ringing after long rides and is less irritating for the bike haters out there.
As for the power, let's just say it's two-stroke perfection! The bottom end is restored to its usual strength but the pull from mid through to top end is now stronger. It's not intimidating power but it charges hard if you rip on the throttle, so you still have to be accurate with throttle control.
What I like best about the power is that it complements the rear suspension and drives consistently out of turns. This broad, strong power thrusts the bike in a manner similar to that of a 450 four-stroke, only you've got a thin little two-stroke between your legs.
I've been working on a bit of fitness lately so I can better use the strength of this engine in off-road race conditions. Last month I got the suspension up to a better race spec and I think the engine's now definitely more race spec. too. There are a few events coming up that I'll enter on the 3-hunge, so stay tuned for the next issue and I'll give you the rundown on how it performs.


text:
What is Wales?
Simon Jenkins salutes the compendious The Welsh Academy Encyclopaedia of Wales
Simon Jenkins
The Welsh Academy Encyclopaedia of Wales
edited by John Davies, et al
1104pp, University of Wales, £65
Something is stirring west of Offa's Dyke. Welsh rugby players are winning, Welsh singers singing, Welsh politicians devolving, Welsh house prices soaring. And writers have stopped tearing out their hair in a paranoid rage over "What is Wales?" Besides, they now have a thundering 1,000-page answer, the Welsh Academy's superb Encyclopaedia of Wales. If ever a country were encapsulated in a volume, this is it.
The project was begun in 1999 and published separately in English and Welsh. In a genre long cursed by Britannica's notorious "for Wales, see England", it takes pride of place alongside the Dictionary of Welsh Biography, the Companion to Welsh Literature and the Pevsner buildings of Wales series. Unlike Peter Lord's recent and scholarly The Visual Culture of Wales, this is essentially a compendium of known sources, a snappy vade mecum to a nation so often ridiculed and neglected as to be omitted completely from a recent European Union map.
The range is exhaustive and serendipitous, embracing not just history, biography and topography but a gazetteer of all 869 Welsh communities and generic entries for land forms, plants, economy, law, religion and women (but not men, unless they are "of Harlech"). The entry for Wales itself supplies an admirable potted history. The entry for architecture is excellent, as is the recipe for Welsh cakes. The English appear as "Wales's largest ethnic minority". English place names are rightly used in what is a work in that language.
The danger of burgling British (or worse, English) history is mostly avoided. The hundred years war is rightly included for its Welsh longbow-men. Gladstone is included for marrying into the principality, John Piper for celebrating it in paint and the Italian singer Adelina Patti for being its most celebrated second homer. That said, Bertrand Russell's presence is stretching things and inclusion of the English Plebs League suggests an editor's conceit. The inclusion of the Guardian's country diarist, William Condry, more than compensates.
The Welsh diaspora is honoured, from the London Welsh to Pennsylvania and Patagonia. The family tree of the royal houses of Wales will be indispensable for those who wish to shine at Breconshire dinner parties. And I at last understand the Laws of Hywel Dda, surely the only lawyer to be assigned the suffix "the good".
The editing of the authors down to short paragraphs makes this a rare encyclopedia that can be browsed enjoyably as a book (apart perhaps from the 19 pages of Joneses). Every page is illustrated with photographs, maps, plans and art reproductions. Thus we have Alan Sorrell's admirable recreations of Welsh castles, Richard Wilson's mountains, a film poster for Tiger Bay and copious works by Piper, Ceri Richards and Kyffin Williams.
Nor is Wales left without humour. The madcap Regency poet and drug addict Edward Williams (alias Iolo Morganwg) invents the bardic gorsedd on top of the nearest mountain he could find, London's Primrose Hill. He reduced the noble eisteddfod to ridicule for its costumes ever since. A photograph of the famously gloomy RS Thomas has him "experimenting with a smile".
The modernity of scope is remarkable. There is an entry for the M4 and for the great barrier reef between north and south Wales, the A470. The mortal attack on the Sir Galahad in the Falklands is included, as is Wales's victory in the 2005 rugby grand slam. The entry for Pontypool is justly illustrated by the town's celebrated 1976 front row.
Recent immigrant groups, such as Welsh Poles and, believe it or not, Welsh Yemenis, are saluted. So are the new buildings of Cardiff Bay, emblems of Wales's devolved power in the 21st century. Wales's leading rock group, Super Furry Animals, are rightly included in a pantheon of stardom that includes Harry Secombe, Richard Burton, Shirley Bassey, Tom Jones, Geraint Evans, Katherine Jenkins, Aled Jones and Charlotte Church.
It is a mark of the quality of this work that I found it so hard to find fault. The entry for pilgrimage is too cursory, there is too much sport and I would have welcomed more on Wales's landowning classes, such as the remarkable Georgian micro-culture of the Teifi valley. A mild leftwing bias renders some entries far too gentle. No mention is made of the role of the British Labour party or British trade unionism in stamping on emergent Welsh nationalism in the 20th century.
I am not convinced that the 1979 referendum vote against devolution was against "a national future". It rather reflected the enervation of Welsh politics by generations of Labour leaders, who until 1964 refused Wales even its own secretary of state. This enervation continues in the suppression of Welsh local government, especially in north Wales, by the new Cardiff Assembly.
The Prince of Wales and Rowan Williams may not be dead (needed for a full entry) but both merit more than passing references, the one for his love/hate relationship with Wales and the other for his love/hate relationship with the Anglican church. That said, the Welsh Conservative party is honoured and Wales's only Tory leader, Michael Howard, is mentioned in dispatches under Llanelli, including the information that his (Romanian Jewish) family took its name from the local Parc Howard.
So what makes a nation that has yet to win more than a veneer of political autonomy even compared with the Scots? The answer must be a sense of territory, a coherent history, a shared culture and a worthy parade of national heroes. This book offers a cavalcade of all these in dazzling abundance.
· Simon Jenkins's Thatcher and Sons: A Revolution in Three Acts is published by Penguin
Reference and languages books


Answer Q.1: Gold and Silver.
Answer Q.3: K is the most reactive and Au is the least reactive metal.
Answer Q.8: Non-metals do not react with water.
Answer Q.9: A reaction in which a more reactive metal displaces the less reactive metal from its compound in aqueous solution is called displacement reaction. For example, when iron nails are dipped in copper sulphate solution, the iron being more reactive displaces copper from its solution and form ferrous sulphate solution of light green colour.
Answer Q.10: Silver is less reactive than hydrogen therefore, it can not displace hydrogen from dilute hydrochloric acid.
Answer Q.11: Materials which make a ringing (metallic) sound when hit hard by some other material are called sonorous materials. All metals except the soft ones are sonorous while non-metals are not sonorous.
Malleability: The property of metals by which they can be beaten into thin sheets. This is one of the characteristic properties of metals.
Ductility: It is the property of metals by which they can be drawn into wires is called ductility.
Metals: Metals are those materials which are generally hard (except Na and K), lustrous, mostly exists in solid state (except mercury), malleable, ductile, sonorous and also good conductors of heat and electricity.
Non-Metals: Non-metals are those materials which are found in all the three states (solid, liquid and gas), non-lustrous, non-sonorous, neither malleable nor ductile and also bad conductors of heat and electricity. The oxides of non-metals are acidic in nature.
Metalloids: Metalloids are those materials which possess the qualities of both metals and non-metals.
Answer Q.13: In the presence of moisture iron reacts with oxygen to form Ferric Oxide (Fe2O3) which is brownish in colour. This is called 'Rust'.
Answer Q.14: Mixture of two or more than two metals in order to get desired properties is called an alloy. For example, stainless steel is an alloy of iron, chromium and nickel. Stainless steel is very hard and also does not rust. So, it is used to make utensils, surgical instruments and many other products. Other alloys are like Brass, Bronze, Gun Metal etc.
(a) Sodium metal reacts vigorously with water to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
(b) Magnesium only reacts with hot boiling water to from magnesium oxide and hydrogen.
(c) Red hot iron reacts with steam to form iron oxide and hydrogen.
(d) Copper, nickel, and silver do not react with water.
Answer Q.16: Both aluminium and brass are ductile, malleable and also can be easily casted into different shapes. Aluminium being a metal and brass an alloy, both of them are good conductor of heat. Because of the reasons aluminium and brass are used to make utensils.
(i) Iron is used in construction of bridges and houses because iron being a hard metal it forms reinforced concrete when casted with cement.
c. does not conduct heat or electricity.
1. Oxygen is used by plants and animals for respiration. It also supports the process of combustion.
2. Compounds of nitrogen provide nutrients to soil and plants. Fertilizers made of non-metallic compounds are extensively used in agriculture.
3. Chlorine is used as disinfectant.
4. Sulphur is used in germicide and as an antiseptic for skin treatment. It is also used in crackers.
1. Metals react with oxygen to produce oxides which are alkaline in nature.
2. Metals react with water differently to produce oxides and hydroxides.
3. They react with acids to produce H2 gas.
4. More reactive metals displace the less reactive metals from their compounds in aqueous solution.
1. Metals react with oxygen to produce oxides which are acidic in nature.
2. Non-metals do not react with water.
4. Non-metals do not show any such reaction.


A few months ago, when Ebola outbreak first began, many of us just didn't care much. It was a strange disease happening in one part of world - West Africa to be precise -that was far away from us. And, so, we didn't bother to connect to it at all.
Well, things have changed a lot since then, haven't they? Ebola has gone out and beyond of West Africa, infecting, as we speak, 8,300people and claiming 4,033 lives in places including Europe (Spain) and the US. And it's spreading. Suddenly we realize, nothing in this world is too unconnected. No place in this world is too far away. And, in this blog of mine, I want to also tell you that nothing is also too far-fetched either, especially when it comes to a crime and its effect on our lives.
Just before I began to write this, I spoke with some scientists at the 12th Biological Diversity convention (CBDCOP12) who have been studying the link between biodiversity and infectious diseases. They are Catherine Machalaba, MPH,Health and Policy Program Coordinator of the Eco Health Alliance in New York and Anne-Helene Prieur Richard, executive director of the Paris-based biodiversity research institute 'Diversitas'. I asked them to explain how destruction of biodiversity could also lead to the spread of Ebola virus globally.
Before I get to their answers, let me remind you what we already know: The recent Ebola outbreak started where eating the meat of wild animals (popularly known as "bush meat") has existed for a long time. Bat soup, Meat of monkeys and other apes are popular dishes in many countries including Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia.
But, there is a lot of people also buy these animals for their body parts. As a result, a lot of hunting takes place because people want to make money by selling the animals – dead or alive. And it is with this rampant hunting that the threat of spread of a virus like Ebola also increases.
And now this is the synthesis of what the scientists told me: Fruit bats are the natural carriers of Ebola virus. This means, the bats do carry in their body the virus that causes Ebola disease although it doesn't kill them. But that's just ONE kind of bat which is immune to the virus. If the fruit bats come in contact with other species – and there are 1,200 different species of bats in the world - those species can be infected and infectious.
As you can understand, bats have wings. They fly around. And they don't need a visa to fly across the border. So, if their own home forest is disturbed – either by a natural cause or by human activities, including hunting – they will leave their homes and fly to another forest. There, they will mate with other bats of other species and will spread the virus.
Also, if the bats come in contact with other animals including apes, they can get them infected too.
This actually happened. In the Democratic Republic of Congo, there was a massive outbreak of Ebola between 2001 and 2006 and thousands of apes died.Imagine what would happen if such an infected animal is caught or killed!
Besides the two scientists, there was someone else called Maajdou Bah I spoke with. And he is a man who lives right where the Ebola first broke out: Guinea. Now, people of Guinea have been hunting and eating bush meat since time immemorial. So, the sudden outbreak of the virus is something that has puzzled them as much as it has done us. The country also has 30% of its forests under protection. So, apparently, for them it's not a matter of massive destruction of forest that led to a disease outbreak. And so the Guinea delegation is here to ask the CBD COP for help to better study this Ebola-loss of rest-animal hunting link.
But, what Mr Bah didn't tell me is what Jane Goodall, the world famous conservationist, has said in this article: that there is a thriving illegal market of bushmeat in West Africa. "Hunters would camp at the end of the road and, after days of shooting or trapping, get transport back to town with their smoked or sun-dried meat. Other hunters simply stayed, selling their catch to the staff of the extraction companies. For many wealthy African city dwellers, bushmeat is a status symbol proving that they can stay true to their culture. Some of the meat even finds its way to African communities overseas," says Goodall.
Now, these last few words - "even finds its way to African communities overseas," is something that is a cause of worry. If the bushmeat is going abroad, the virus can go abroad too! Who can claim that the checking is foolproof? Sarcastic it might sound, but so far we don't seem to be checking our human carriers too well, do we? If we did, Eric Duncan Thomas wouldn't be in Dallas!
So, what's the way out of this grim situation? Now here again, I have heard and interacted with several top experts, including Brauilio Ferreira de Souza Dias, the executive director of CBD and Achim Steiner, the executive director of the United Nations Environment Program and they all felt that there was no silver bullet or magical wand that to end the buy and sale of wild animals in one go.The governments need to work together, the law has to be implemented, poachers and smugglers have to be caught and punished, forest rangers need to be given smarter weapons and tools like mobile phones and there has to be lots of awareness raising about the many threats of animal trade.
The scientists especially feel that the world needs to urgently conduct some studies to find more about Ebola and its link to illegal hunting. So, there is a whole range of actions to be taken.
But in my opinion, there is something concrete each one of us can do: ask ourselves a hard question: where do we stand when it comes to wildlife trade?
Are you someone who thinks eating wild, game animals a 'special delicacy?' If yes, it means, there are hunters who go out in the forest to kill animals and supply to the market for 'special' customers like you.
And if you are not eating the meat, but still think owning a tooth or nail or skin or any other part of the animal is a great deal, well, then congrats! You have just identified yourself as one of the 'prized' customers for whom the animal is caught, killed, dried, packed and shipped across the oceans.
In either of these cases, the action is simple: just stop being the person you are: responsible for wildlife trade! Once you do that, you are not playing a direct role in spreading the Ebola virus.
I am imagining that some of you are grinning by now, thinking that this whole post was a fantasy and too far-fetched. Well, do remember that not so long ago, residents of Monrovia – the capital of Liberia – also thought that eating bush meat was in no way dangerous and that the Ebola was a myth, creation of foreign rumor-mongers .
Look where it has got them.
The recent Ebola outbreak first started in December 2013. For months, we have been aloof. We have been apathetic. We have held on to our devil-may-care attitude.
It's time we shook this attitude and started being smart. And right now, there is smartness in believing that there is a direct connection between wild animals hunting and trading and Ebola and that we can do something about it. It's a belief that will hurt you less and also the animals in the wild who can't speak for themselves.


text:
Storm King Art Center at Parsons School of Design presents David Smith: Artists Respond
Type: 2017 Exhibition, Special Events, Talks
David Smith, American, 1906-1965. Primo Piano II, 1962. Steel, painted, stainless steel, and bronze. 85 x 158 x 15in. (215.9 x 401.3 x 38.1 cm). The Estate of David Smith, courtesy Hauser & Wirth. © The Estate of David Smith / Licensed by VAGA New York, NY. Photo by Jerry L. Thompson.
Corin Hewitt and Erin Shirreff in discussion with Sarah Hamill
Artists Corin Hewitt and Erin Shirreff reveal moments of intentional and unexpected intersection between their practices and the life and work of David Smith. The program is inspired by Storm King's forthcoming exhibition David Smith: The White Sculptures, opening May 13, 2017. This event is presented by Storm King Art Center at Parsons School of Design.
This event, presented at Parsons School of Design, will be held at:
The Bob and Sheila Hoerle Lecture Hall/Hoerle Lecture Hall, UL105
The New School University Center
General Admission $10; Storm King Member Admission $5. More information and tickets available here.
Corin Hewitt treats both objects and images as socially and temporally defined events. Hewitt's process-centered practice seeks a productive conversation between the things being made and the means employed. He utilizes an array of processes including photography, video, archeological practice, composting, performance, algorithms, installation and sculpture as ways to think through this approach. Solo exhibitions of his work include the Whitney Museum of American Art, MOCA Cleveland, the Atlanta Contemporary Arts Center, and the Seattle Museum of Art. His work has been included in group exhibitions at the Astrup Fearnley Museum of Modern Art, Oslo; Extra City Kunsthal, Antwerp; the Memmo Foundation, Rome; the Sao Paolo Biennial in Brazil ; the Whitney Museum, New York; the Henry Art Gallery, Seattle; Galerie Perrotin, Paris; with the Public Art Fund in New York; and the Wanas Foundation in Sweden. Hewitt was a recipient of the 2014-5 American Academy Rome Prize, a Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship in 2011, and a Joan Mitchell Fellowship in 2010. In 2015, Mousse Publications released a 300-page monograph, entitled Seven Performances featuring six years of work.
Erin Shirreff lives and works in Brooklyn, New York. Her work has been the subject of recent solo exhibitions at the Kunsthalle Basel, Switzerland (2016); Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo (2016); the Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston (2015); and Sikkema Jenkins & Co. (2015). Recent group exhibitions include Photography Today: Distant Realities, Pinakothek der Moderne, Munich (2016); L'image volée, Fondazione Prada, Milan (2016); Photo-Poetics: An Anthology, Guggenheim Museum, New York (2015); and Never Enough, Dallas Museum of Art (2014). Shirreff was an artist-in-residence at the Chinati Foundation, Marfa (2011), and Artpace in San Antonio (2013), and is the recipient of a Louis Comfort Tiffany Foundation Grant. Her work is in the permanent collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Centre Pompidou, LACMA, The Museum of Modern Art, MCA Chicago, and Yale University Art Gallery, among others.
Sarah Hamill is Assistant Professor of Modern and Contemporary Art History at Oberlin College, Ohio. She is the author of David Smith in Two Dimensions: Photography and the Matter of Sculpture (University of California Press, 2015), as well as numerous essays on David Smith's work across media. With Megan R. Luke, she co-edited the volume Photography and Sculpture: The Art Object in Reproduction (Getty Publications, forthcoming 2017). Her article on Erin Shirreff's videos, "Surface Matters: Erin Shirreff's Videos and the Photography of Sculpture," is forthcoming from Art Journal in 2017. Hamill is currently preparing a new book on Mary Miss's sculptures and films of the 1970, and an article on the role of the photographic detail in the historiography of sculpture.
David Smith: The White Sculptures is made possible by generous lead support from the Bafflin Foundation, Agnes Gund, Hauser & Wirth, the Helen Frankenthaler Foundation, and the National Endowment for the Arts. Support is also provided by Candida Smith and Carroll Cavanagh and The Henry Moore Foundation. Additional support is provided by The Helis Foundation, and the Robert Lehman Foundation, Inc. Support for the exhibition catalogue is provided by Furthermore: a program of the J.M. Kaplan Fund.
Support for education-related programming is provided by the Sidney E. Frank Foundation, and artist talks are made possible by the New York State Council on the Arts with the support of Governor Andrew Cuomo and the New York State Legislature.


text:
IAM Yearbook: Building IP value in the 21st century 2020
Lean invention harvesting in emerging technologies
Robert Klinski
PATENTSHIP Patentanwaltsgesellschaft mbH
New technologies form tangible assets that can be systematically developed by technology-oriented companies for a particular market in order to generate revenue. However, recent IP transactions (eg, in the telecoms market) clearly demonstrate that intangible assets may also significantly contribute to revenues.
Inventing in traditional technology fields
Traditionally, technology development is based on an incremental innovation in order to, for instance, improve an already existing product. An example of such an incremental technology development is the continuous improvement of the combustion engine since its introduction by Nikolaus August Otto in 1892.
Incremental innovation, and thus incremental technology development, aim to improve existing technology that is typically well known to the engineers, who are well educated and experienced in developing tangible assets. However, engineers are not usually trained to systematically develop intangible assets such as inventions. Therefore, in traditional technologies, inventions happen as a by-product of a technology development, rather than being systematically developed. The invention process is supported by the fact that technology development is usually incremental – as are inventions in traditional technology fields.
Like incremental technology developments, incremental inventions are based on known technologies or inventions, differing from those by one or more features. In the course of incremental technology development, the engineers practise developing or at least recognising incremental inventions, but usually have no experience in systematically developing them.
However, the systematic development of inventions, and thus intangible assets, is important in order to capture the available assets, including tangible and the associated intangible assets.
When an invention is a patentable invention
In order to obtain patent protection for an invention, a patent application claiming an invention in a patent claim or at least describing the invention must be filed with a patent office. However, patent offices do not judge whether the subject matter of a patent application forms an invention. Rather, they decide whether an invention as claimed in the patent application is patentable (ie, whether it can be patented).
The difference between an invention and a patentable invention can be demonstrated. Imagine that Robinson Crusoe invented a wheel on his desert island. This wheel is certainly an invention if Crusoe had never seen a wheel before. However, it is not patentable because wheels have been known for centuries beyond Crusoe's island.
In order to determine whether an invention is patentable, patent offices – in particular the European Patent Office (EPO) – often assume an incremental character of the invention. This is reflected by the fact that patent claims should be drafted in a two-part format (ie, with a preamble defining the known prior art and a characterising portion indicating the difference between the invention as claimed and the prior art). This difference can be considered as an increment that will delimit the claimed invention over the prior art, and is referred to by the patent offices for determining whether a claimed invention as claimed is patentable. The patent practices of the offices therefore directly reflect the incremental character of innovation.
This may work well in the case of incremental technology development. However, emerging technologies are not usually incremental, which is one of the reasons why invention harvesting and patenting in the field of emerging technologies
is challenging.
Innovation challenges in emerging technologies
One characteristic of emerging technologies is that they can be disruptive and may traverse the well-established innovation processes: there is usually no existing technology that forms a starting platform for further improvement.
Clayton M Christensen has stated that disruptive technologies are often neglected by established technology companies at the beginning of a technical development ("The innovator's dilemma: when new technologies cause great firms to fail", Boston MA, United States: Harvard Business School Press, 1997). This is due to the fact that technology trends, unless driven by well-established companies, often have their beginnings in less profitable market niches and are usually associated with overcoming major technical difficulties. Moreover, not every new technology trend turns into an emerging technology. Once a new technology trend turns into an emerging and potentially profitable technology, the engineers in charge of its development will be under significant time pressure to transfer that emerging technology from a niche market to a profitable market. There is usually little time left for additional innovation development. In addition, emerging technologies are mostly implemented in software, which is widely considered by engineers not to be patentable. Important innovation assets can therefore be lost at the most important technology development stage.
An example of an emerging technology is blockchain, a rather disruptive technology that is not based on the incremental development of an existing technology (blockchain-based cryptocurrencies were not developed based on traditional banknotes). Blockchain is based on a cryptographic concatenation of distributed data blocks which enables the development of countless new applications in a distributed network environment. Each new blockchain application may require the development of a new cryptographic structure, (eg, a cryptographic signature scheme adapted for a certain application, such as cryptocurrency).
The non-incremental nature of blockchain makes it difficult for engineers to recognise an invention in a given blockchain development because there is often no technical increment that can serve as an orientation anchor for engineers to systematically capture inventions in an existing blockchain development. Blockchain is implemented in software, and most engineers believe that software is generally not patentable; therefore, they often fail to realise that a specific blockchain development may involve a patentable invention. In fact, software-related inventions require specific patent drafting skills and profound experience in order to circumvent well-known software patenting problems. Patent applications will otherwise be rejected as not patent eligible, which may in turn confirm the scepticism of traditionally oriented developers regarding patenting software-related innovations. Valuable inventions, and thus intangible assets relating to blockchain, may get lost.
Another example of an emerging technology is 5G communication networks, which are designed to support emerging technologies and applications such as blockchain, the Internet of Thing (IoT) or autonomous driving.
5G communication networks are designed to provide sub-networks which are specifically implemented to support specific applications and services. For example, autonomous driving requires very low communication delays, and thus a very fast communication link to the car. A specific autonomous driving slice is therefore a specific sub-network that enables a fast and reliable communication structure – for example, for car control using a 5G network architecture. In the context of blockchain IoT applications, a 5G slice can be specifically designed to use only secure communication nodes supporting encrypted communications of considerable data amounts associated with the distributed IoT environment.
The specifically designed 5G slices allow a specific network design for countless applications. In order to implement 5G, the traditional, all-purpose network architecture will be replaced step-by-step by the service-oriented network architecture, which is also a non-iterative process. In addition, 5G communication networks are widely implemented in software, mainly because software offers the required flexibility when designing service-specific network architecture.
Therefore, the innovation challenges associated with 5G are similar to the challenges arising in connection with blockchain or any other emerging technology. The development of 5G communication networks is non-incremental, which makes developing or at least recognising 5G inventions difficult for those engineers skilled in developing traditional technologies. Moreover, the software character of 5G implementations imposes several problems associated with patenting software per se. These problems may result in the loss of essential inventions and therefore intangible assets, particularly at the beginning of a development cycle.
One factor which may prevent harvesting valuable inventions is the fact that new technologies are mostly developed in software, and there are numerous problems associated with patenting software inventions. However, software is just another technology tool that often replaces traditional technology tools that are implemented to solve technical problems. Therefore, software implementations that solve technical problems are patentable according to the EPO.
Patentability criteria of the EPO
The EPO determines whether a technical invention is patentable according to Article 52 of the European Patent Convention (EPC). Article 52(1) EPC states that: "European patents shall be granted for any inventions, in all fields of technology, provided that they are new, involve an inventive step and are susceptible of industrial application."
A novelty of a technical invention as claimed can be determined by comparing the features of the technical invention with prior art such as published technical implementations.
In order to determine whether a technical invention also involves an inventive step, the EPO developed the problem-solution approach, as described in the EPO Guidelines for Examination, Part G VII 5:
determine the closest prior art (eg, a patent relating to the same field of technology);
establish the objective technical problem to be solved; and
consider whether the claimed invention, starting from the closest prior art and the objective technical problem, would have been obvious to the skilled person.
An essential characteristic of the problem-solution approach is establishing an objective technical problem to be solved by a technical invention. In this regard, the EPO assumes an incremental character of a technical invention by deriving a technical effect based on a difference between the technical invention as claimed and prior art. The objective technical problem is simply to achieve the technical effect.
Another patentability requirement of the EPO is eligibility. Article 52(1) of the EPC requires a technical character of an invention as claimed in Article 52(2, 3) of the EPC specifies that certain inventions, such as computer programs per se, are not regarded by the EPO as patentable inventions.
The technical requirement is fulfilled if an invention involves technical means according to the landmark Decision T 0258/03 (Auction Method/HITACHI). In order to determine whether technical means are involved, a technical solution of a technical problem can be taken into account.
In order to determine whether an invention forms, for example, a computer program per se and should therefore be excluded from patentability, the principles of another EPO landmark decision, T 1173/97 (Computer program product/IBM),
can be applied, according to which a claim
directed to the use of a computer program for the solution of a technical problem cannot be excluded form patentability.
The EPO's patentability requirements should be considered when claiming inventions, in particular software-related inventions.
Fortunately, the EPO's essential patentability requirements – namely, inventive step, technical character and non-exclusion of patentability – can be jointly assessed by a technical solution of a technical problem that is provided by the features of the invention as claimed. This provides a framework for claiming software-related inventions in European patent applications.
The EPO patentability criteria defines a framework enabling software-related inventions in European patent applications to be claimed. However, this framework can be exploited for harvesting inventions as well.
Market need and technical problem to be solved
The essential patentability criterion is a technical solution of a technical problem by an invention as claimed in a patent application. Clearly, this applies where an existing invention has already been claimed.
However, it can also be exploited during an invention harvesting process in order to harvest valuable and (hopefully) patentable inventions. Focusing on a technical problem when harvesting inventions also simplifies the interaction with engineers during the innovation harvesting process, because a technical problem is where an engineer starts.
Ideally, the harvested inventions should be valuable and patentable. The patentability criterion provides a framework for harvesting patentable inventions. However, the question of how to systematically harvest valuable inventions remains.
A valuable invention should address a market need. An invention that satisfies a market need is more likely to be implemented in a product or infringed by a third party and therefore has potential monetary value. In contrast, an invention that is unrelated to any market need is unlikely to be implemented into a valuable product and therefore has limited value.
The market need defines a purpose of a technical invention. For example, the purpose of a cryptocurrency is to provide a digital payment scheme; the purpose of a smartphone may be internet shopping. Clearly, the purpose of an invention does not automatically define a technical problem that is solved by an invention. However, a technical invention should preferably solve a technical problem, and there is likely to be several technical problems to solve in order to develop a market-ready product serving the identified purpose.
The essential task of invention harvesting is to define a suitable technical problem that reflects EPO patent practice and that should be solved by the to-be-harvested invention in order to achieve the identified purpose of the invention. Focusing on a technical problem when harvesting inventions has two advantages:
engineers know how to solve technical problems; and
the EPO requires a solution of a technical problem as a patentability criterion.
Therefore, such a criterion can be implemented into the invention harvesting process from the beginning.
By way of example, in the context of blockchain technologies, the market need may be a secure cryptocurrency scheme. An exemplary technical problem is therefore to provide a secure fund transfer concept that enables a secure digital payment. A (simplified, but unfortunately not novel) technical solution to the technical problem is a digital signature process, according to which a fund transfer is authorised by the digital signature of the fund's owner.
In the context of 5G technologies, the market need may be a communication service supporting, for example, autonomous driving. A technical problem is therefore to provide a fast communication network solution. A (simplified) technical solution to the technical problem is a dedicated 5G slice that allows direct communication in an end-to-end fashion.
Lean invention approach
The identification of a technical problem is a starting point for harvesting valuable and patentable inventions. However, the technical problem does not usually provide any hint towards its technical solution (ie, towards the technical invention).
In order to develop a technical solution to a technical problem, a lean invention approach has been developed by Patentship, based on the lean startup principles described by Eric Ries in his book The Lean Startup: How Today's Entrepreneurs Use Continuous Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses (17 October 2017). The lean startup approach is based on identifying a market need in order to build a valuable company. In order to satisfy the market need, a minimum viable product (MVP) can be designed, providing basic functionality. The MVP can be subject to further improvement in subsequent iterations in order to achieve a better market fit.
The lean startup approach and the innovation harvesting approach share the same starting point (ie, market need). Therefore, the principles of the lean startup can be directly exploited to systematically develop technical innovations as well. In particular, the MVP may already define a 'minimum viable invention' (MVI) that provides a first solution to the technical problem based on market need. The MVI can iteratively be improved further if necessary. Moreover, several concurring MVIs can be harvested, each forming another solution to a given technical problem. Therefore, the MVI approach can provide alternative solutions to the same technical problem and thus a plurality of technical inventions during the same invention harvesting process.
The market-driven invention harvesting scheme has been developed and successfully deployed by Patentship in a number of invention harvesting projects in emerging-technology fields (eg, 5G) in recent years. The considerable number of harvested, important inventions and the high grant rate of patents prove the efficiency of the systematic invention harvesting concept.
Author | Managing partner
Monetisation and strategy
Generating value from patent assets through monetisation
Grant Moss
Adapt IP Ventures LLC
Formulating or evaluating a FRAND offer for LTE
Berkeley Research Group
Utility models and industrial designs – IP rights worth considering
Natalie Raffoul
Brion Raffoul
Seven steps for securing trade secret value in IP deals
Wil Rao and Robert A Surrette
McAndrews, Held & Malloy Ltd
AI inventions and sufficiency of disclosure – when enough is enough
Harm van der Heijden
Effective use of the Patent Cooperation Treaty
Adina Badarau
ROMINVENT SA
Prepare for litigation and avoid it where possible
William C Spence
SpencePC
Trends in PTAB motions – viable new options for patent owners
Brenton R Babcock
Womble Bond Dickinson
Chinese customs protection strategy – route to efficient and cost-saving relief
David Lee and Ron Tsi
Chang Tsi & Partners
Protection of inventions in AI and digitalisation
Christian Schäflein and Fabian Kiendl
Maiwald Patentanwalts- und Rechtsanwaltsgesellschaft mbH
Clinical trials and personalised medicines – life sciences patentability issues in Europe
Christian Heubeck and Wolfgang Weiss
Weickmann & Weickmann Patent und Rechtsanwälte PartmbB
Latest EU trademark developments – levelling the playing field
Klaudia Błach-Morysińska
Zaborski, Morysiński Adwokacka Spółka Partnerska
China establishes framework for advanced IP regime
Ai-Leen Lim and Xiaofan Chen
AWA Asia
IP enforcement in Germany: significant decisions, campaigns and statutes
Jens Künzel
Patent infringement defences – India's Bolar story so far
Shukadev Khuraijam and Sunali Sharma
Remfry & Sagar
IP innovation on the horizon
Dave A Wyatt
Henry Goh & Co Sdn Bhd
Plant breeders' rights in the Western Balkans prove fruitful
Lidija Djeric
Popović, Popović & Partners
Delays in patent granting and NAFTA regulation
Adolfo Athié and Guillermo Alberto González
Basham, Ringe y Correa SC
Patent enforcement at the borders
Okan Can, E Kerim Yardımcı and N Serra Coral
Deris Attorney-at-Law Partnership
Licensing SEPs after FTC v Qualcomm
T Andrew Culbert, Kevin A Zeck and Jeremy Keeney


text:
package lib

import (
	"encoding/xml"
	"fmt"

	"github.com/ForceCLI/force/lib/soap"
)

func (partner *ForcePartner) Merge(sobjectType string, masterId string, duplicateId string) (err error) {
	dups := make(map[string]string)
	dups[duplicateId] = masterId
	result, err := partner.MergeMany(sobjectType, dups)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	for _, r := range result {
		if !r.Success {
			for _, e := range r.Errors {
				return fmt.Errorf("Merge failed: %s", e.Message)
			}
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// Merge multiple records using map of duplicate ids to master ids
func (partner *ForcePartner) MergeMany(sobjectType string, dupMap map[string]string) (results []soap.MergeResult, err error) {
	if len(dupMap) > 200 {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Only 200 records can be merged at a time")
	}
	mergeRequests := buildMergeRequests(sobjectType, dupMap)
	req, err := xml.Marshal(mergeRequests)
	if err != nil {
		return
	}
	body, err := partner.SoapExecuteCore("merge", string(req))
	if err != nil {
		return
	}
	var response soap.MergeResponse
	if err = xml.Unmarshal(body, &response); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return response.Result, nil
}

func buildMergeRequests(sobjectType string, dupMap map[string]string) []soap.MergeRequest {
	var mergeRequests []soap.MergeRequest
	for duplicateId, masterId := range dupMap {
		id := soap.ID(masterId)
		var toMerge []*soap.ID
		dup := soap.ID(duplicateId)
		toMerge = append(toMerge, &dup)
		mergeRequest := soap.MergeRequest{
			MasterRecord: &soap.SObject{
				Type_: sobjectType,
				Id:    &id,
			},
			RecordToMergeIds: toMerge,
		}
		mergeRequests = append(mergeRequests, mergeRequest)
	}
	return mergeRequests
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Wilson to receive Distinguished Insurance Service honor from PIANY
GLENMONT, N.Y.-The Professional Insurance Agents of New York announced that Lewis L. Wilson, CIC, CPIA, CPCU, president and owner of Fire Mark Insurance Agency and president and owner of JO&D Issuance Agency in Cobleskill, N.Y., will be recognized for Distinguished Insurance Service Monday, June 12, 2012, at the association's annual conference held at the Trump Taj Mahal Casino Resort in Atlantic City.
The Distinguished Insurance Service award recognizes an individual who has established a history of service, dedicated leadership and attention to the concerns of independent agents and their clients.
Wilson will be honored for his dedication to PIA and for his more than 60 years of work on behalf of the American agency system.
A New York agent since 1950, Wilson has served on the PIANY board of directors since 1981. He was president of the association in 1989-90. In 1987, he was recognized by the association with its Professional Agent of the Year award.
"Lews success as a PIANY leader is matched by his success as an independent agency principal," said Richard A. Savino, CIC, CPIA, PIANY president. In addition, Savino noted, he is a national leader for political action.
Active in PIANY, Wilson is a member of the Government Affairs and Company/Industry Relations Committees. He also served as chairperson of the PIANY Political Action Committee Governing board for several years and currently is the vice chair. He also serves on PAC Executive Committee.
Active in the industry, Wilson served as vice president of PIA National and also served as chairperson of the Government Affairs Committee as well as chairperson of the National PAC.
Active in his community, Wilson is a member of the Cobleskill Rotary Club and president of the Cobleskill Cemetery Association. He is a life member of the American Legion Post #57 and a member of the Great Sacandaga Advisory Committee. Wilson was chairman of the Firehouse Fund Drive and is a member of the Cobleskill Elks #2040 and is a director for Hospice. He also served as president of the Cobleskill School board and was instrumental in helping Cobleskill Community Hospital raise $3 million through their fundraising efforts.
PIANY is a trade association representing professional, independent insurance agencies, brokerages and their employees throughout their respective states.


Aged 18-25? Thinking of taking a gap-year? SPEC relies on volunteer missionaries to run it's programmes for young people and children. To find out more, click here.
Not everyone is able to spend a whole year in the SPEC community, but may have spare time at weekends or during the week. Our 'Service Team' provide essential and valued support to our regular programmes and events.
The more we can reduce our expenses, the more we can spend on our core activities. Gifts in kind can be very welcome: furniture, office equipment, stationery……. If you've got something you think we might need that you want to give away, please get in touch.
Got a skill that you you would like to offer? Got spare time? Please get in touch!
Every penny counts and donations towards our work are always welcome.
Raise money for SPEC just by searching the web.
everyclick.com is an internet search engine with a big difference – it donates half its revenues to charity. If you use everyclick.com as your search engine every search you do can raise money for SPEC.
Please click here go to to do all your searching. Don't forget to add it to your favourites so you can find it again easily and you can make it your home page by clicking on the link in the top right hand corner of the site. It does not cost us, or you, a penny – so please use it – and pass the message on!


We picks the best selections having greatest image resolution only for you and now this images is actually considered one of photos choices in your ideal images gallery about Comfortable the Claddagh Ring. I'm hoping you might as it.
To view almost all graphics within Comfortable the Claddagh Ring photos gallery you need to comply with that hyperlink.


In the ancient past, when earth and spirit were one, the moon was always full. Luna, for that is what she called herself then, would keep her face fully turned towards the earth because she enjoyed watching Brother Wolf and his pack hunting at night. His pack's hunting skills always amazed her, and she enjoyed the new tactics they came up with to hunt their prey. Wolf knew that she watched and blessed them with her full face each night, so at the end of each hunt they would leave an offering for her, as she sunk past the horizon each night.
Some nights the hunt was harder than others, as if the prey seemed to stay one step of them. What he did not know was that Younger Brother Coyote, the Trickster, would hide in the shadows that Luna's light provided and warn the prey of the pack's arrival. He would sneak ahead and tell them from which direction the hunters were coming, and which areas were safe. Luna enjoyed watching this game from the sky above, though she only caught glimpses of Coyote in her light between the shadows. One night, she saw that Wolf's pack was going to pass very close to a shadow in which Coyote hid. So she altered her path just a tiny bit, so that her light shined on a small bit of his tail. Coyote was so intent on the night's mischief that he failed to notice the light on his tail--but the pack did not miss it. Wolf sent his pack to chase Coyote away from their hunting grounds; now he understood the cleverness of the prey.
Each night after, Wolf split his pack in half--to hunt dinner, and to keep a watchful eye on Coyote. Coyote worked hard to avoid his Wolf cousins, and continued to manipulate and trick the hunters every night. Luna's delighted laughter did not escape Coyote's large ears… that night a mighty Trick was being born.
At the end of the next day, before Luna rose in the sky, Coyote hid behind a large stone so that her light would not see him. He knew that she could not see into the shadows as he could, with his sharp eyes. That night he used every trick he knew; not to disrupt the Wolf pack's hunt, or even to hunt his own dinner-- the moon was his prey that night. He tracked Luna for hours and saw, for the first time, the offering Wolf laid out for her.
The hunt had been very good for the wolves, for they did not have to chase Coyote while hunting, and so the pack feasted on deer. For Luna, they offered the eyes of all the deer, so that she may look through them and witness the hunt from the deer's point of view. Coyote appeared pensive as he looked at the eyes, and his Trick began to take form in his mind.
He waited for Luna to take the offering, and as she descended towards the horizon to accept the offering, he followed her further.
He followed her past the horizon and into the Celestial realm of Spirit, for in those days you could cross the boundary as easily as putting one foot in front of the other. He watched as she deposited the offering in her Altar Room, near the other offerings that Wolf and his pack had given her. He followed her still, always staying in her shadow, as she spoke to the Spirits of the Planets. She spoke to them of Wolf and his pack, how their hunting prowess amazed her, and how she delighted as they hunted within her light. Luna then fell asleep, resting for that night's trip across the sky. Coyote watched her. When she woke and prepared to leave for the horizon, he waited for her at the entrance to the moon's pathway.
As soon as the sentence left his lips, he plucked out his eyes and offered them to her. With a grin, he said, "Please take my eyes for the night--with them, you'll be able to see into the shadows your Light creates." Luna was stunned; "Oh Coyote, that is a mighty gift! But how would I be able to see my moon's pathways if I am wearing your eyes? Only my eyes can see the paths…" She saw disappointment on his face, though his eyes were still in his outstretched paws.
Coyote turned his eyes around and around in his paws, thinking of how to solve this obstacle. Suddenly, he jumped up on his hind legs and exclaimed, "Sister, I have it! How about you take my eyes for tonight, and I'll take yours. This way, I can walk your paths while you hold my tail and we will travel across the sky together!" Luna began to feel apprehensive, for she knew Coyote was a great trickster, and she did not want to be played a fool this night.
"Luna, I only wish to give you a gift." He stood up as straight as he could, looking at Luna with sincerity; "If it would put your mind at ease, then let me say this; I promise on my eyes that I will not trick you this night." Luna saw the earnestness in his eyes (still on his paws) and made her decision. She plucked out her eyes and handed them to Coyote while scooping his eyes up and put them in her sockets. At that moment she looked around and did not see the stars and planets as the friends she knew, but as the beautiful and awesome display for the creatures of the earth. She saw her great shining grey eyes in the sockets of Coyote, and laughed in delight at the sight of him.
Coyote lifted his tail, allowing her to grip tightly, and slowly followed her pathways across the sky. Coyote led her faithfully, and noticed that as he walked along the path, it seemed to disappear from view for a moment, but recreate itself behind him. In this knowledge he knew his scheme would work, but tonight he enjoyed just leading Luna across the sky. Luna for her part was thoroughly enjoying the experience. She could see into the shadows as if they were not there, and she could see the fear in the prey as it ran from the wolves. When the pack brought down the beast she could not contain her excitement anymore and laughed with glee across the night, "Yip. Yip. Yipeeeeeee!" Wolf looked up at Luna with confusion for he had never heard her make that sound before, and then looked at the woods around him in suspicion; this was the second night in a row that Coyote had not been spotted.
When they reached the horizon and crossed through into the Celestial realm, they returned their eyes to each other. Luna picked up Coyote in a great embrace, "Thank you so much! That was the greatest time I have ever had, that was a mighty gift!" They parted ways and Luna raced to tell the other Planets of her adventures that night. Coyote returned to his den to sleep, for he had not slept in two days and needed to be rested to trick the wolves this coming night.
That coming night they met at the horizon and once more traded eyes. Luna grabbed onto Coyote's tail and was immediately guided across the sky. Again she was amazed by what she saw, heard, and smelled in the forest below…which is why she did not notice how Coyote was changing her path. He erased her old path with his footsteps, and began to lead her in slow spirals across the sky. Because she now wore his eyes (eyes that could see into the shadows as if they were lit), she did not notice the change. Coyote was leading her in great spirals, and her light did not always shine fully towards the earth.
Luna thanked him, as they dipped below the horizon and exchanged eyes. Both slept during the day, eagerly dreaming of the next night's entertainment.
As Luna stepped across the threshold at the horizon, she stepped onto her paths and came to an abrupt stop. She saw what Coyote had done, and began to despair. Finally, she loosed a long howl of grief and frustration, because she did not remember the lines of her pathways. When Coyote heard her, he smiled and began to mimic her previous laughter; "Yip. Yip. Yipeeeee", so that all who heard it knew it was He that Tricked Luna. Wolf howled with her, to help her mourn her loss, and understood that Luna's light would now be ever-changing.


These presentations are classified and categorized, so you will always find everything clearly laid out and in context. You are watching PDF[EPUB] Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook EPUB by Matthew B.Miles presentation right now. We are staying up to date!


text:
package com.facebook.litho;

import static com.facebook.litho.LifecycleStep.getSteps;
import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;

import com.facebook.litho.sections.SectionContext;
import com.facebook.litho.sections.common.SingleComponentSection;
import com.facebook.litho.sections.widget.RecyclerCollectionComponent;
import com.facebook.litho.testing.LegacyLithoViewRule;
import com.facebook.litho.testing.testrunner.LithoTestRunner;
import com.facebook.litho.widget.MountSpecTriggerTester;
import com.facebook.litho.widget.Text;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.robolectric.annotation.LooperMode;

@LooperMode(LooperMode.Mode.LEGACY)
@RunWith(LithoTestRunner.class)
public class MountSpecTriggerTest {

  public final @Rule LegacyLithoViewRule mLegacyLithoViewRule = new LegacyLithoViewRule();

  @Test
  public void mountSpec_setRootAndTriggerEvent_eventIsTriggered() {
    final ComponentContext componentContext = mLegacyLithoViewRule.getContext();
    final AtomicReference<Object> triggerObjectRef = new AtomicReference<>();
    final Handle triggerHandle = new Handle();
    final List<LifecycleStep.StepInfo> info = new ArrayList<>();
    final Component component =
        MountSpecTriggerTester.create(componentContext)
            .steps(info)
            .triggerObjectRef(triggerObjectRef)
            .handle(triggerHandle)
            .build();
    mLegacyLithoViewRule.setRoot(component).idle();

    mLegacyLithoViewRule.attachToWindow().measure().layout();

    final Object bazObject = new Object();
    MountSpecTriggerTester.triggerTestEvent(
        mLegacyLithoViewRule.getComponentTree().getContext(), triggerHandle, bazObject);

    assertThat(getSteps(info))
        .describedAs("Should call @OnTrigger method")
        .containsExactly(LifecycleStep.ON_TRIGGER);

    assertThat(triggerObjectRef.get())
        .describedAs("Event object is correctly passed")
        .isEqualTo(bazObject);
  }

  @Test
  public void mountSpec_setRootAndTriggerEvent_eventIsTriggered_handle_used_in_child() {
    final ComponentContext componentContext = mLegacyLithoViewRule.getContext();
    final AtomicReference<Object> triggerObjectRef = new AtomicReference<>();
    final Handle triggerHandle = new Handle();
    final List<LifecycleStep.StepInfo> info = new ArrayList<>();
    final Component component =
        Column.create(componentContext)
            .child(Text.create(componentContext).text("Sample"))
            .child(
                MountSpecTriggerTester.create(componentContext)
                    .steps(info)
                    .triggerObjectRef(triggerObjectRef)
                    .handle(triggerHandle)
                    .build())
            .build();
    mLegacyLithoViewRule.setRoot(component);

    mLegacyLithoViewRule.attachToWindow().measure().layout();

    final Object bazObject = new Object();
    MountSpecTriggerTester.triggerTestEvent(
        mLegacyLithoViewRule.getComponentTree().getContext(), triggerHandle, bazObject);

    assertThat(getSteps(info))
        .describedAs("Should call @OnTrigger method")
        .containsExactly(LifecycleStep.ON_TRIGGER);

    assertThat(triggerObjectRef.get())
        .describedAs("Event object is correctly passed")
        .isEqualTo(bazObject);
  }

  @Test
  public void mountSpec_setRootAndTriggerEvent_eventIsTriggered_handle_used_in_nested_tree_root() {
    final ComponentContext componentContext = mLegacyLithoViewRule.getContext();
    final AtomicReference<Object> triggerObjectRef = new AtomicReference<>();
    final Handle triggerHandle = new Handle();
    final List<LifecycleStep.StepInfo> info = new ArrayList<>();
    final Component component =
        Column.create(componentContext)
            .child(Text.create(componentContext).text("Sample"))
            .child(
                RecyclerCollectionComponent.create(componentContext)
                    .heightPx(150)
                    .section(
                        SingleComponentSection.create(new SectionContext(componentContext))
                            .component(
                                MountSpecTriggerTester.create(componentContext)
                                    .steps(info)
                                    .triggerObjectRef(triggerObjectRef)
                                    .handle(triggerHandle)
                                    .build())))
            .build();
    mLegacyLithoViewRule.setRoot(component);

    mLegacyLithoViewRule.attachToWindow().measure().layout();

    final Object bazObject = new Object();
    MountSpecTriggerTester.triggerTestEvent(
        mLegacyLithoViewRule.getComponentTree().getContext(), triggerHandle, bazObject);

    assertThat(getSteps(info))
        .describedAs("Should call @OnTrigger method")
        .containsExactly(LifecycleStep.ON_TRIGGER);

    assertThat(triggerObjectRef.get())
        .describedAs("Event object is correctly passed")
        .isEqualTo(bazObject);
  }

  @Test
  public void
      mountSpec_setRootAndTriggerEvent_eventIsTriggered_handle_used_in_nested_tree_deeper_in_hierarchy() {
    final ComponentContext componentContext = mLegacyLithoViewRule.getContext();
    final AtomicReference<Object> triggerObjectRef = new AtomicReference<>();
    final Handle triggerHandle = new Handle();
    final List<LifecycleStep.StepInfo> info = new ArrayList<>();
    final Component component =
        Column.create(componentContext)
            .child(Text.create(componentContext).text("Sample"))
            .child(
                RecyclerCollectionComponent.create(componentContext)
                    .heightPx(150)
                    .section(
                        SingleComponentSection.create(new SectionContext(componentContext))
                            .component(
                                Column.create(componentContext)
                                    .child(Text.create(componentContext).text("Nested tree child"))
                                    .child(
                                        MountSpecTriggerTester.create(componentContext)
                                            .steps(info)
                                            .triggerObjectRef(triggerObjectRef)
                                            .handle(triggerHandle)
                                            .build()))))
            .build();
    mLegacyLithoViewRule.setRoot(component);

    mLegacyLithoViewRule.attachToWindow().measure().layout();

    final Object bazObject = new Object();
    MountSpecTriggerTester.triggerTestEvent(
        mLegacyLithoViewRule.getComponentTree().getContext(), triggerHandle, bazObject);

    assertThat(getSteps(info))
        .describedAs("Should call @OnTrigger method")
        .containsExactly(LifecycleStep.ON_TRIGGER);

    assertThat(triggerObjectRef.get())
        .describedAs("Event object is correctly passed")
        .isEqualTo(bazObject);
  }
}


WE are not getting the value from our production data. This is one of the key messages from Stan Higgins, former CEO of The UK's North East of England Process Industry Cluster (NEPIC), who will be co-presenting a webinar in partnership with The Chemical Engineer on 19 June.
I spoke to Higgins ahead of the event to get an understanding of the opportunities he thinks companies and engineers are missing out on.
"We don't tend to get the value out of our data, which after all is stuff we've already paid for. We've paid for all this information and the vast majority of people are not analysing this information to help improve processes," he says.
Higgins has been working with statistical analysis software firm JMP to help it better understand the opportunities in the process industries.
The insights provided will help improve costs and processes. For example, Higgins thinks a better understanding of data will help companies improve catalyst performance.
"I think the other advantage is clearly in the innovation area where this software can help you identify the parameters on which you need to focus with quite a limited dataset. A person comes in and says: 'We've got a new product and we've got to develop a process as quickly as possible, scale up as quickly as possible.' Well normally you can do a series of experiments and then try to design further experiments to improve the process. This software will help you with the design of experiments. It will tell you very quickly which things are important and therefore can decrease the cost of the innovation process.
Join us on 19 June for a discussion on how you and your company can get the most from your data to increase yields and reduce costs. Higgins will be sharing his insights and offering case studies aimed at helping registrants make better decisions.