Compared to previous estimates Leonard's performances for 2017 will be lower, this being mostly due to Leonardo Helicopters underperformances. The group industrial plan for the 2018-22 was illustrated by Leonardo's CEO, Alessandro Profumo, at the Vergiate helicopters facility in front of investors, the meeting being then followed by a press conference.
Compared to the 12.0-12.5 billion Euro new orders estimates, these will account for 11.3-11.7 billion, although the most recent export order for the C-27J is not included, as it still has to get the very final approval by some national authorities. Revenues will be in the 11.5-12.0 billion range, Alessandra Genco, Leonardo's CFO announced, while Earnings Before Interest, Taxes and Amortization (EBITA) will be much lower than expected 1,250-1,300 million, expectations being for 1.050-1,100 million Euro. The group net debt will be slightly higher than scheduled, 2.6 billion Euro instead of 2.5, but the higher sum accounts for the US bond buyback. Looking at 2018, revenues will remain stable as well as the debt, EBITA increasing slightly to 1,075-1,125 million, the data that will increase more being new orders, which shall reach 12.5-13.0 billion. While defining the re-set in 2017 "disappointing", Profumo looks positively at the 2018-22 timeframe: "we aim at a 6% Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) for our orders intake, which means a 70 billion Euro orders over the five years period," he said. He also said that Leonardo will absolutely maintain its shares in MBDA. As for DRS, Leonardo's company in the United States, he sees an increase in its EBITA, and foresees for 2018 some important potential events; "it is not the time to talk about an initial public offering of DRS," he said. Leonardo's CEO also stressed the importance of the new commercial organisation, that falls under Chief Commercial Officer Lorenzo Mariani. The CCO underlined the importance of the new integrated organisation born within the One Company approach, which will be considerably strengthened: the 25 offices and subsidiaries existing at the end of 2017 will be joined by 12 more representative offices in 2018-19 and by 14 more in 2020-22. His organisation is involved in over 70 key campaigns that account for over 20 billion Euro, excluding the United States where Leonardo is bidding for important programmes such as the TX trainer. Beside systems sales, Mariani also looks at an increase in customer support revenues, currently representing less than 20%, to over 25%.
As said initially, the helicopter business failed to reach its targets in 2017. A few months after taking over as CEO, in May 2017, Profumo decided to change the helicopters business management, appointing Gian Piero Cutillo, formerly the group CFO, as Managing Director of Leonardo Helicopters. "We identified our deficiencies, and there are no structural problems," Cutillo explained to the audience, underlining missed opportunities in the military market, the loss of governance, the lack of flexibility of the supply chain, and the partial inability to fulfil customers requests. Beside internal problems, the helicopter segment of the group was of course heavily hit by the decline in the civil market sector, -45% from 2013 to 2016. What was even worst was that the offshore segment market, key for Leonardo Helicopters, fall from 2.2 to 0.6 billion US$. All this led to a reduced profitability, which has been defined as a "high single digit", when it used to be in the two-digit range. Leonardo Helicopters plans to reach again a two-digit figure in profitability in 2020, thanks to a series of measures adopted to address deficiencies, and exploiting the forecasted growth on the civil market, estimated at a 5% CAGR, while the military market should be hit by a –2% CAGR.
In the fixed wing business, Profumo underlined the efforts made to reduce costs on the two company best sellers, the C-27J Spartan and the M-346 Master. The former is performing well, the latest contract being for a maritime patrol version, Leonardo's CEO announced. As for the trainer, which is fighting for the T-X programme aiming at replacing the Northrop T-38 Talon in USAF service, Profumo said that we must not consider the aircraft cost on its own, but that of the Phase IV trained pilot. The company is investing in the new configuration, such as the fighter attack one. This is one of the programmes aimed at upgrading existing products that receive 60% of the company R&D funds, estimated at 12% of the revenues, 35% going to new products and 5% to research and technology.
Despite the Uncertain Global Economic climate and security issues affecting the region, the 15 th edition of the DSA Exhibition in Kuala Lumpur Malaysia was a success.
20/04/2016 EDR Comments Off on Despite the Uncertain Global Economic climate and security issues affecting the region, the 15 th edition of the DSA Exhibition in Kuala Lumpur Malaysia was a success.


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Listen To New SIX FEET UNDER Song 'Amputator'
On October 2, death metal veterans SIX FEET UNDER will release their 17th full-length album, "Nightmares Of The Decomposed", via Metal Blade Records. The official lyric video for the disc's first single, "Amputator" can be seen below. Vocalist Chris Barnes comments: "Working again after 25 years writing an album with my old bandmate from CANNIBAL ...
EXODUS Is In Pre-Production For Long-Awaited New Album
EXODUS has commenced the pre-production for its long-awaited new album. The San Francisco Bay Area thrashers' next disc will be the follow-up to 2014's "Blood In Blood Out", which was their first release since the departure of the group's lead singer of nine years, Rob Dukes, and the return of Steve "Zetro" Souza, who previously ...
INSIDIOUS DISEASE Feat. DIMMU BORGIR, Ex-MORGOTH Members: Listen To New Song 'Betrayer'
INSIDIOUS DISEASE — the old-school death metal project featuring Marc Grewe (vocals; formerly of MORGOTH) and Sven Atle Kopperud (a.k.a. Silenoz; guitar; also of DIMMU BORGIR) — wlll release its long-awaited sophomore album, "After Death", on October 30 via Nuclear Blast Records. The official lyric video for a skull-crushing new song titled "Betrayer" can be ...
SMASHING PUMPKINS Release Two New Songs, 'Cyr' And 'The Colour Of Love'
SMASHING PUMPKINS have released two new songs, "Cyr" and "The Colour of Love". The tracks are expected to appear on the band's upcoming follow-up to 2018's "Shiny And Oh So Bright, Vol. 1 / LP: No Past. No Future. No Sun.", due later in the year via Sumerian. "Shiny And Oh So Bright, Vol. 1 ...
DOKKEN: Second Trailer For 'The Lost Songs: 1978-1981' Album (Video)
A new six-minute video of Don Dokken discussing DOKKEN's upcoming album called "The Lost Songs: 1978-1981" can be seen below. In this second episode, Don talks about moving to Germany, jamming with Eddie Van Halen and more. The LP will be released on August 28 via Silver Lining Music. It wasn't always multi-platinum sales and ...
RONNIE WOOD: 'Somebody Up There Likes Me' Film To Be Released In North America As Virtual Cinema Event
Eagle Rock Entertainment will release the first in-depth film biography of iconic musician Ronnie Wood, "Somebody Up There Likes Me". An official selection at both the Tribeca Film Festival 2020 and the BFI London Film Festival 2019, the film — by acclaimed director Mike Figgis — will be available in North America as a virtual ...
WARRANT's ROBERT MASON Is 'Thankful' Fans 'Embraced' Him After JANI LANE's Death
Robert Mason says that he is "thankful" he has been embraced by WARRANT fans after Jani Lane's final exit from the band. Lane recorded several albums with WARRANT in late 1980s and early 1990s but left the group several times. The band's seventh studio LP, "Born Again", was released in 2006 and featured Jaime St. ...
RITCHIE BLACKMORE Guests On WILLIAM SHATNER's Cover Of 'The Thrill Is Gone' (Audio)
William Shatner will release a new album, "The Blues", on October 2 via Cleopatra Records. The effort find the legendary actor deliver exactly what the title suggests: covers of blues classics. Due on October 2, it will feature versions of songs penned by Robert Johnson, Albert King and B.B. King, Muddy Waters and other genre ...
DOKKEN's DON DOKKEN: 'I Have Not Spoken To MICK BROWN Since The Day He Left The Band'
Don Dokken spoke to Full In Bloom about DOKKEN's longtime drummer "Wild" Mick Brown, who left the band last year due to health issues. He said (hear audio below): "I remember the day he quit. We were at the airport. And we knew he was struggling — his knees hurt, his ...
PAUL STANLEY, SLASH, RUDY SARZO, DEE SNIDER, GLENN HUGHES, Others React To Passing Of QUIET RIOT's FRANKIE BANALI
Paul Stanley (KISS), Slash (GUNS N' ROSES), David Coverdale (WHITESNAKE), Dee Snider (TWISTED SISTER), Rudy Sarzo (QUIET RIOT), Charlie Benante (ANTHRAX), Glenn Hughes (DEEP PURPLE), Mike Portnoy (DREAM THEATER, SONS OF APOLLO), Jeff Scott Soto (SONS OF APOLLO), Ron Keel (KEEL) and BULLETBOYS are among the musicians who have reacted to the passing of QUIET ...
ARMORED SAINT Announces Virtual Record-Release Concert
On Saturday, October 10 at 1 p.m PST / 4 p.m. EST / 10 p.m. CET, ARMORED SAINT will host a live record-release show online for its upcoming album, "Punching The Sky". ARMORED SAINT will be performing a full set from the Whisky A Go Go in Hollywood, California, including four new songs from "Punching ...
CARCASS To Release 'Despicable' EP In October
British extreme metal pioneers CARCASS will release a new EP, "Despicable", on October 30 via Nuclear Blast. Commented CARCASS bassist/vocalist Jeff Walker: "Well, the COVID situation has put the release of the new CARCASS album on the backburner for the time being. Given that we said there'd be new music in August, we thought it ...
SIX FEET UNDER To Release 'Nightmares Of The Decomposed' Album In October
On October 2, death metal veterans SIX FEET UNDER will release their 17th full-length album, "Nightmares Of The Decomposed", via Metal Blade Records. The first single and album pre-order will be launched on September 1, but in the meantime, fans can already watch a studio video teaser for the LP below. Vocalist Chris Barnes comments: ...
JEFF SCOTT SOTO Still Doesn't Know Why He Was Fired By JOURNEY: 'It Stinks To Feel Like I Didn't Matter'
Jeff Scott Soto says it "stinks" to see JOURNEY not acknowledging the time he spent fronting the band. Soto, who previously sang with Yngwie Malmsteen, joined JOURNEY about a week and half into a six-week summer 2006 tour with DEF LEPPARD, after Steve Augeri began having vocal issues. Soto had earlier worked with JOURNEY guitarist ...
PHIL DEMMEL Says He Was 'Welcomed With Open Arms' When He Filled In For GARY HOLT In SLAYER
Former MACHINE HEAD guitarist Phil Demmel has once again said that playing with SLAYER "saved" his musical career. Demmel filled in for SLAYER guitarist Gary Holt for four European shows in the fall of 2018 after Gary returned home to be with his dying father. Phil, who had only played his last show with MACHINE ...
Listen To New (HED) P.E. Single 'Death Awaits'
The official lyric video for the song "Death Awaits" from (HED) P.E. can be seen below. The track is the second single from (HED) P.E.'s twelfth studio album, "Class Of 2020", which will be released on August 21 via Suburban Noize Records. The date also coincides with the 20th anniversary of the group's breakthrough LP, ...
DEREK SHERINIAN Releases Music Video For 'Dragonfly' Song From 'The Phoenix' Album
Acclaimed keyboardist Derek Sherinian (SONS OF APOLLO, BLACK COUNTRY COMMUNION, ex-DREAM THEATER), one of the most significant keyboard players of the modern era, has signed to InsideOut Music for the release of his new solo album, "The Phoenix". His first solo LP since 2011's "Oceana" is due on September 18. The official music video for ...
DEE SNIDER Is Recording Christmas Song With TARJA TURUNEN
During an appearance on the "Behind The Vinyl" podcast, TWISTED SISTER frontman Dee Snider revealed that he is recording a Christmas song with ex-NIGHTWISH frontwoman Tarja Turunen. "I wrote this song for my wife many years ago," he said (hear audio below). "You guys may or may not know that Celine Dion recorded a Christmas ...
ARMORED SAINT Releases Music Video For New Single 'End Of The Attention Span'
On October 23, ARMORED SAINT will release its eighth full-length album, "Punching The Sky", via Metal Blade Records. For a first preview of the album, a video for the new single "End Of The Attention Span", directed by Robert Graves, can be seen below. Bassist Joey Vera comments: "We've teamed up with video director Robert ...
Legendary IRON MAIDEN And DEEP PURPLE Producer MARTIN BIRCH Dead At 71
August 9, 2020 0 Comments
Legendary British producer Martin Birch, who is best known for engineering and producing albums by DEEP PURPLE, RAINBOW, FLEETWOOD MAC, WHITESNAKE, BLACK SABBATH, BLUE ÖYSTER CULT and IRON MAIDEN, died earlier today (Sunday, August 9) at the age of 71. His passing was confirmed former DEEP PURPLE and current WHITESNAKE frontman David Coverdale, who tweeted: ...
ALICE COOPER: 'Don't Give Up' Seven-Inch Vinyl Picture Disc Preview
Alice Cooper will release a strictly limited "Don't Give Up" seven-inch vinyl picture disc on August 14 on earMUSIC. A short preview video can be seen below. Alice wrote in a social media post: "Cannot wait for you all to see the new #DontGiveUp 7" vinyl picture disc. They came out absolutely stunning. Here's a ...
DON DOKKEN Discusses DOKKEN's 'The Lost Songs: 1978-1981' Album (Video)
A six-minute video of Don Dokken discussing DOKKEN's upcoming album called "The Lost Songs: 1978-1981" can be seen below. The LP will be released on August 28 via Silver Lining Music. It wasn't always multi-platinum sales and stadium gigs for DOKKEN. There was a first-phase and there were early days, and it is those bold ...
THE BLACK CROWES, ALICE COOPER, TRIUMPH, STYX Members And Others To Take Part In 'Six String Salute' Virtual Concert
On September 17, "Six String Salute" will premiere a virtual concert to support and celebrate the touring and venue crews who are the backbone of live music and depend on shows to make a living. "Six String Salute" will bring together guitarists and guitar-centric bands to share exclusive performances and great rock and roll stories ...
GEORGE LYNCH Says It's Time To Pull The Plug On LYNCH MOB: 'I'm Not Gonna Tour Anymore Or Put Out Records With That Name'
George Lynch says that he will no longer make new music or tour under the LYNCH MOB name. The former DOKKEN guitarist broke the news of LYNCH MOB's end during a brand new interview with Anne Erickson of Audio Ink Radio. Asked if there are plans for LYNCH MOB to record ...
PEARL JAM's STONE GOSSARD: 'I Can't Tell You Enough About How Big Of A CHRIS CORNELL Fan I Am'
PEARL JAM guitarist Stone Gossard recently spoke to SiriusXM's Pearl Jam Radio (Ch. 22) about how he was influenced and inspired by late SOUNDGARDEN singer Chris Cornell. He said (hear audio below): "I can't tell you enough about how big of a Chris Cornell fan I am in terms of just [the] impact he's had ...
STEVE LUKATHER Says His Upcoming Solo Album Was 'All Done Live'
TOTO guitarist Steve Lukather has confirmed to Tone-Talk that he has completed work on his eighth solo album. The follow-up to 2013's "Transition" is due in the coming months via Mascot. Lukather said (see video below): "I was lucky to get in the studio and cut everything live with the guys ...
Watch First Song Of STONE TEMPLE PILOTS' 'Core' Livestream Event
STONE TEMPLE PILOTS performed their iconic album, "Core", in its entirety for a livestream event on Friday, July 31 on Nugs.tv. Video footage of the first song of the set, "Dead & Bloated", can be seen below. A short time after the perormance, STP posted on social media: "Thanks to everyone who tuned into our ...
ALCATRAZZ: Music Video For 'Born Innocent' Title Track
The official music video for "Born Innocent", the title track of the new album from the hard-hitting, melodic heavy metal band ALCATRAZZ, can be seen below. The LP was released on July 31 via Silver Lining Music. Alongside the unique vocal prowess and range of star frontman and founding member Graham Bonnet, ALCATRAZZ's first studio ...
STONE TEMPLE PILOTS' DEAN DELEO Looks Back On 'Core' Album's Commercial Success: 'We Were Very Confident About It'
STONE TEMPLE PILOTS guitarist Dean DeLeo spoke to Marci Wiser of the 95.5 KLOS radio station about the band's iconic debut album, "Core". The group performed the LP in its entirety for a livestream event yesterday (Friday, July 31) on Nugs.tv. Regarding STP's collaboration with producer Brendan O'Brien on "Core", Dean said (hear audio below): ...
STONE TEMPLE PILOTS' DEAN DELEO On Upcoming 'Core' Livestream Event: 'We're All Itchin' To Just Get Out And Play'
STONE TEMPLE PILOTS will perform their iconic album, "Core", in its entirety for an epic livestream event on Friday, July 31 at 5 p.m. PST / 8 p.m. EST on Nugs.tv. "Core", STP's breakout debut album features smash hits "Sex Type Thing", "Wicked Garden" and "Plush", which won the Grammy Award in 1994 for "Best ...
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All Together Then: Light Gun Games on PS1
A little look at the blasting action that originated on PlayStation
Stuart Gipp
Read +
Hello. I like every video game. See more of my work at https://linktr.ee/stuartgipp
Light-gun games are dead. Okay, they're kinda alive and well in the arcades, but that's it. Okay, you can buy a Sinden light gun, but I fail to see what the star of Doctor in the House has to do with shooting things (look it up, Yanks). I don't need no stinkin' light gun, anyway - I play with my computer mouse as no sane god intended. You can do the same using the popular emulators Duckstation or Retroarch, but don't forget to delete your roms within 24 hours.
The point is, THE POINT IS, I thought it'd be a good time for a look at four of the most interesting PlayStation-exclusive light-gun games, no? See, I just got off Die Hard Trilogy and the Die Hard 2 portion of that has me pursing my lips and nodding. It's that good. So I wanted to see if the PS1 had any more fun light-gun titles I could play with the mouse, focusing on stuff that didn't come out in arcade or anywhere else. Shoot outside of the screen! All Together Then!
Time Crisis: Project Titan (2001 - Namco GunCon)
Let's kick off our list with an interesting one; this is a direct sequel to the original PlayStation port of Time Crisis. No, not Time Crisis 2; that was on PlayStation 2. This is Time Crisis 1-2, geddit? Unfortunately, it also has the same exact visuals as the first game, which wasn't exactly enough to set the world alight almost five years after it dropped. Additionally, I'd argue that it's actually a little bit worse looking, thanks to less dynamic direction - but that might just be my nostalgia for Time Crisis talking. Yes, indeed, Project Titan is another outing for Richard Miller that doesn't exactly set the world alight, but remains fitfully enjoyable blasting action regardless. Only about forty minutes of it, yes, but that's pretty standard for this genre, being primarily coin-op ports. Wait, none of these are coin-op ports. Oh dear.
Project: Horned Owl (1995 - Konami Justifier)
PS1's first light-gun game, Project Horned Owl is a lesser-known Sony-developed effort, with only polygonal backgrounds really betraying its source system. The vast majority of the graphics are scaling sprites of various tanks and mecha, lending it all a very anime-esque look and feel - extremely of its time, but not unwelcome with it. Bosses (besides the first one) are polygonal and look quite jarring as a result, but I won't discount the fact that this kind of low-poly robot often looks cool as hell. The environments, however, are all a bit murky and dreary and grey, which isn't great. The game was developed by Alfa System, and can be considered something of a predecessor to Elemental Gearbolt, released two years later and the better game in pretty much every aspect. Maybe I should have talked about that, instead. Oh well! Next time, baby!
Gunfighter: The Legend of Jesse James (2001 - GunCon)
Yee-haw! Sorry, it's one of the core rules of games journalism that you have to preface everything about a cowboy game with some sort of cowboy noise. Anyway, this game is basically a massive Old West rip-off of Time Crisis. Brazen, but far from the worst thing to be. Popping out of cover to take pot-shots at, yes, varmints is a lot of fun, with it all clocking in at a lean forty minutes. Wait, just like Time Crisis again! The visuals aren't horrible, but they lack variety. Yes, it would all be Wild West stuff, but couldn't they at least have a stage set during the day or something? I mean, if you want to beat Mad Dog McCree... just kidding. Anyway, it's... alright! Hoorah!
Resident Evil: Survivor (2000 - GunCon)
Bad news, Americans! Because of the appalling Columbine Massacre, Capcom cut the light-gun function out of your version of Resident Evil: Survivor. You know, just in case you decided it was imitatable. Let's not dwell on that; this is a fascinating little curio, the first of a reasonably long-running Gun Survivor series that ended up deferring to Dino Crisis, but it's only this original game that broke off from the near-literal rails of the rail shooter and became a bizarre GunCon-controlled adventure game in which you had to point the weapon downward and fire in order to move around. Does it sound insane? Well, it was, and it was also hideously ugly and monstrously awkward. But it's also unbelievably weird, which means it has a special place in my heart.
HONOUR-ABLE MENTION: Ghoul Panic
Yeah, it's not a PlayStation exclusive, I know. But it is great, taking its place among the PS1 shooter library as a sort of unofficial Point Blank 2.5, slotting itself into that oeuvre rather nicely as another instalment of quickfire quick firing, Wario Ware-ish challenges that ask you to shoot fast or shoot accurate. The difference with Ghoul Panic is there's some semblance of a narrative, a couple of cute VG Cats-looking characters and a handful of bosses to beat inbetween the ghost-blasting carnage. It was developed by shmup house Raizing, now known as Eighting for reasons I don't know but I'm sure GSK does.
All Together Then
light-gun
Retronauts Episode 510: Sonic Frontiers
Retronauts Episode 509: Stephen King's Influence on Video Games
Retronauts Episode 507: A History of LGBTQ Representation in Games
Retronauts Episode 506: Retro Compilations


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North Devon car parking charges are set to rise
But a new 30 minute short stay is set to be introduced
Daniel ClarkContent Editor
Parking charges in North Devon are set to change
A new 30-minute option for parking in some town centre car parks is among a raft of changes to North Devon Council's parking charges. Visitors to Barnstaple's Cattle Market, Bear Street and Queen Street car parks and Ilfracombe's Wilder Road car park will be able to opt for a 30-minute stay for just 50p, offering a new option for those making brief stops in the town centre.
But elsewhere, charges across council car parks will be increasing for the first time since 2016 to reflect an increase in running costs. There will be an increase of 20p per hour in short-stay and medium-stay car parks in Barnstaple, as well as Brookdale, Larkstone Lane, Oxford Grove and Wilder Road in Ilfracombe, with an hour-long stay now costing £1.30.
Seasonal parking charges are being introduced across the district's coastal short stay car parks. An hour-long stay will be £1.50 in high season, reducing to 80p in the winter.
Read More - Teignbridge Local Plan: Huge landscape changing plans for 4,560 new homes
The all-day charge for long stay car parks across the district will rise to £2.50. There are also modest increases to permits, which offer a cost effective alternative for those using long stay car parks on a regular basis. The changes to North Devon Council's Off Street Parking Places Order are set to come into effect in the spring.
Leader of North Devon Council, Cllr David Worden, said: "We last made changes to our parking charges in 2016 and since then the annual cost of running our car parks has increased by more than £400,000. Over the last few years we have been able to absorb these increased costs, but it is not a situation that is sustainable in the long run.
"Increasing charges for residents and visitors is not a decision taken lightly and we have held off making any changes during the coronavirus pandemic. We feel these new charges, which include the option of a 30-minute stay in our busier town centre car parks, still offer value for money when compared with similar councils."
Warning to dog owners over antifreeze, road grit and frostbite
Choosing the right dog for you and your lifestyle
Why I bought a puppy so soon after losing my beloved dog Ruby
Athletic dog breeds that would love Devon's coast and countryside
Why dogs are a major tonic for loneliness and anxiety
Ilfracombe
North Devon District Council
Inside 'show-stopping' Devon barn conversion for sale
The North Devon property is stunning inside and out


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Q: Jruby: Requiring jars with classpath in manifest I'm trying to require a jar with jruby 1.7.4 and get different results for Windows and Linux.
My folder layout is as follows:
/current_folder
|--/lib
   |--lib.jar
   |--dep.jar

The lib.jar uses some classes from dep.jar and has a manifest like the following one:
Manifest-Version: 1.0
Main-Class: lib.Main
Class-Path: dep.jar

Everything works OK for both Windows and Linux when I run the program contained in lib.jar with java -jar absolute/path/to/lib.jar.
But when I try the following, it works only for Linux.

*

*cd to current_folder.

*Run jirb.

*Execute require 'java' and require 'absolute/path/to/lib.jar'.

*Use classes from lib.jar.

For Windows it cannot load classes from dep.jar and fails.
But if for Windows I cd to lib folder, everything starts working again.
So, what am I doing wrong? I'd like everything to work for Windows in the same way as it does for Linux. I.e., I'd prefer to have the classpath for lib.jar stay in its manifest; I don't want to specify all its dependencies explicitly when using it from jirb.

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Engineering metabolic pathways, whether for pharmaceuticals or fuels, involves many trade-offs. Flux imbalances (for example where flux through the first step exceeds flux through the second) can lead to the accumulation of toxic intermediates. Moreover, expressing heterologous proteins beyond that which is necessary can place a burden upon the cell for protein, rather than product, synthesis. Sometimes lowering expression levels of heterologously expressed proteins improves product titers (e.g. here and here).
This recent paper (online Sep 2013) from John Dueber's and Claire Tomlin's labs tackles the thorny issue of how to optimise expression levels of proteins along a multi-step branching pathway where no high-throughput assays are available (at least not for all end products). This latter limitation means that whilst a full combinatorial approach might be desirable to fully explore the design space, it is unrealistic to assess all of the constructs and strains. Time and money does not permit this. Finally, information about the pathway biochemistry (and indeed enzyme regulation) is limited, making explicit modelling predictions unfeasible.
The authors chose to use the pathway for violacein biosynthesis. This pathway comprises five enzymatic steps, one of which, VioC, also produces an unwanted side-product (VioC catalyses both the conversion of protoviolaceinic acid to violacein (which is good) but also the conversion of an early pathway intermediate, protodeoxyviolaceinic acid to deoxyviolacein (which is not so good) – see Fig. 1 (Fig. 3 in their paper)). In addition, two further compounds are produced via chemical conversion within the cell, meaning that they have one target molecule and three off-target molecules. The former can be assayed in a high-throughput manner, but the unwanted side reactions cannot. In order to test expression at multiple levels (and the authors wished to use five different expression levels) the total number of combinations that exist is 55 (allowing for the five enzymes to be expressed at five different levels). In other words, 3125 combinations. That's a lot of constructs to test, especially when you are reliant on a method such as HPLC to assay your products.
Fig. 1. Production of violacein from tryptophan, and the unwanted output molecules.
The authors first of all characterised the expression behaviour of a number of different yeast (S. cerevisiae) promoters: they identified five promoters whose constitutive activity spanned a range of expression levels (using the reporter YFP). These reporters were also confirmed to be independent of the sequence context (specifically the downstream coding sequence). In other words, these particular promoters behave in a highly predictable manner.
Secondly they exploited a standardized assembly procedure – based on isothermal assembly (Gibson Assembly) – to generate a combinatorial library. However, they did not test all the combinations. Instead they randomly sampled just 3% of the 3125 possible combinations – 91 constructs (Fig. 2, Supplementary Fig. 9 in the paper) and tested those for output of their target and off-target molecules. At this stage they had the output data, but did not know which combinations of constructs resulted in a particular outputs. To determine this, they sequenced the constructs (handily barcoded) using TRAC – a rapid genotyping assay in order to identify which genes were present behind which promoter. They could now determine which genotype gives rise to a particular phenotype.
Fig. 2. A sub-sample of all the different pathway combinations for violacein biosynthesis in yeast.
This data was in turn used to train a linear regression for each of the four output molecules which allowed the researchers to predict the best combination for production of each product (Fig. 3. (4 in the paper)). The five top predictions were summarily analysed and the predictions held true. In so doing they were able to direct flux towards whichever branch of the metabolic pathway they chose.
Fig. 3. Model predictions for each of the four outputs. These models were successfully used to predict the behaviour of untested combinations.
The beauty of this approach is its simplicity – using the high throughput techniques where they are available (at the molecular and statistical level) to lift the load on onerous analytical techniques and, importantly, circumventing the need for in-depth knowledge of the cellular biology of the system. Importantly, they also found that the library size used to train the model needed only to be between 1 and 2% of all the combinations (rather than the initial 3%). In other words, increasing the sample size had limited effect on model improvement. Such approaches will not only become much more commonplace for engineering biology, but also for understanding (and quantifying) how particular metabolic pathway components interact to regulate flux.


An herbaceous twist on an Old Fashioned, this Bourbon Thyme Cocktail recipe uses a honey simple syrup infused with fresh thyme.
You may have noticed when you came to the site today that things are a little clearer, easier to read, and the archives a little more functional.
Yesterday, Kathryne helped me fix and tweak a few things on the site that have bothered me for months, but I have little skill or know how in making those changes.
At this point, you probably have your Thanksgiving sides and desserts figured out, but let's not forget the drinks!
This bourbon thyme cocktail was inspired by one of our favorite neighborhood restaurants, BLVD Tavern.
We're in walking distance, so we've tried their thyme-infused Old Fashioned on more than one occasion, and I felt it was high time I make a homemade version to add to my cocktail repertoire.
To make the simple syrup refined-sugar-free, I used honey to replace the white sugar.
The honey melds beautifully with the thyme and bourbon, creating a warming fall sipper.
If you are vegan, agave would work as a replacement. I can see even maple syrup being good here.
I hope your day is filled with great food and even better drinks. xo.
A thyme-infused simple syrup made of honey, gives this take on an Old Fashioned an herbaceous twist. If you are sensitive to gluten-grain-based bourbon, Hudson Baby Bourbon is a100% corn based and could be a good alternative.
Start with making the simple syrup. In a small saucepan, combine honey, water, and thyme sprigs over medium heat. Bring to a simmer, stirring frequently until honey has dissolved into water. Remove from heat and allow to cool completely. Once cool, remove thyme sprigs and transfer to an airtight container.
When ready to make cocktail, add 4 teaspoons of the thyme simple syrup and the 3 dashes of bitters to an Old Fashioned glass. Swirl syrup and bitters around in glass. Add bourbon, ice, lemon peel, and stir. Enjoy!
Store extra thyme simple syrup in airtight container in the refrigerator for up to two weeks.
Oh this is great, Tessa! I love it when inspiration hits at a favorite stop. Bourbon is my favorite libation for so many reasons and thyme? Whats there not to love about it! This cocktail looks so refreshing and just delicious! Your photography is gorgeous, but my fave is the 4th one down! Delicious work my dear!
Thanks so much, Traci!! That means a lot! <3 I am also partial to bourbon - I think all my years living in New Orleans had something to do with that. ;) We have been sipping on these all Thanksgiving weekend. My husband said he didn't want the thyme syrup to go to waste. Ha!
Stunning! This cocktail sounds so good; I love the twist of thyme in there.
Thank you, Genevieve! <3 I think you are right, the thyme simple syrup would be great in others drinks. (Also, I'm jealous you are headed to Edinburgh!!) xo.
love the little tweaks to the site! i totally know the feeling of having a few things that bug you about the functionality.
Oh, thank you! I'm so glad. Crazy how much better those little tweaks feel to me.
Thank you, Duncan! I love that you added fresh nutmeg to the syrup – I will have to try that the next time I make a batch. Sounds wonderful!


text:
- Car Auctions
- Car Prices
- Car Shows & Events
- Scrappage Scheme
- Green Cars
- Classic Cars
- Advice and Tips
Hypercar Spectacular: Aston Martin Vulcan, Ferrari FXX K & Mclaren P1 GTR at Salon Prive
Representing the pinnacle of engineering, the three latest and greatest hypercars from Aston Martin, Ferrari and McLaren will be on display at this year's Salon Prive, as part of the three-day event's tantalising display of vehicles.
Land Rover celebrates the legend at Goodwood Revival
Land Rover's celebration of 67 years of Series Land Rover and Defender production will continue with a not-to-be-missed spectacle at this year's Goodwood Revival taking place from the 11 – 13 September 2015.
Roger Clark Motorsport beats the world's best at Goodwood
Leicestershire based Subaru specialist Roger Clark Motorsport (RCM) recently stunned the automotive world by beating the world's greatest drivers, teams and cars at the prestigious Goodwood Festival of Speed in West Sussex.
Simply Classics & Sports Car
A highlight of the Beaulieu events calendar, Simply Classics & Sports Car, will return on Saturday 22nd August, bringing together a wide variety of pre-1990 classic cars, as well as sports cars of all ages.
Team Litchfield wins Ten Of The Best Competition
Ten of the Best, or 'TOTB' as it's affectionately known, has long been the yardstick by which European tuners have been judged. This year, the outright winner was a fully street legal Nissan GT-R prepared by Gloucestershire super-tuner, Litchfield.
Mille Miglia Reflections: The 2015 #Jaguarmille Team On Film
Following a hugely successful Mille Miglia in 2015, Jaguar Heritage has released a film of this year's rally, giving viewers an in-depth look at an event once described as 'The most beautiful race in the world'.
Wilton Classic & Supercar Show gears up for record-breaking year
Millions of pounds worth of classic and supercars are set to grace the lawns of Wilton House this summer with the two day event set to showcase some of the world's greatest cars.
Tiff Needell signs up as Wilton Classic & Supercar ambassador
Racing driver and television presenter Tiff Needell is set for a starring role at this year's Wilton Classic & Supercar show as an ambassador for the two day event.
Five new contenders on the grid for 2015 Audi Driving Experience at Silverstone
Audi is on track to bring its most thrilling models within even easier reach of brand fans in 2015 through its new format Audi driving experience, which now offers five action-packed training modules starting from as little as £299.
Destination Nürburgring announces 2015 dates
Destination Nürburgring (DN), the premier track day operator for the world's most fabled circuit, has announced the 2015 dates for its closed session, open pitlane Nordschleife experience days.
Shaun the Sheep The Movie & Auto Science Live fun at Heritage Motor Centre
Children are in for a special treat with the Heritage Motor Centre's 'Shaun the Sheep The Movie' activity weekends.
Variety is the spice of life at the Silver Anniversary Classic
Two exciting new races have joined the traditional favourites at this summer's Silver Jubilee edition of the Silverstone Classic (24-26 July), thus ensuring the special 25th anniversary festival features the fullest possible spectrum of motor sport history.
The McLaren P1 GTR to debut at Geneva
The development programme for the most powerful and most exclusive McLaren model to-date has been stepped up over the winter months, with the limited edition McLaren P1 GTR being put through its paces across Europe and the Middle East.
Learn all about Club activities at free 'Club Expo' event
The popular Club Expo returns to the Heritage Motor Centre on Saturday 28 February from 9am – 4pm. The theme this year is 'Club Activities' with talks on social media and the benefits for Clubs, the Museum Collection Centre and what it will offer to Clubs plus Social Road Runs, AutoSolos and AutoTests.
Land Rover Experience Scotland receives top honours from VisitScotland
Following a 'mystery-shop' by VisitScotland, Land Rover Experience Scotland has received a five star activity centre award from the national tourism organisation.
16 to 30 of 1258 for Car Shows & Events


text:
package org.apache.flink.test.recovery;

import org.apache.flink.api.common.functions.RichFlatMapFunction;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.state.ValueState;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.state.ValueStateDescriptor;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.typeinfo.TypeHint;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.typeinfo.TypeInformation;
import org.apache.flink.api.java.functions.KeySelector;
import org.apache.flink.configuration.ConfigConstants;
import org.apache.flink.configuration.Configuration;
import org.apache.flink.configuration.CoreOptions;
import org.apache.flink.configuration.HighAvailabilityOptions;
import org.apache.flink.contrib.streaming.state.RocksDBStateBackend;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.akka.AkkaUtils;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.akka.ListeningBehaviour;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.clusterframework.types.ResourceID;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.highavailability.HighAvailabilityServices;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.highavailability.HighAvailabilityServicesUtils;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.instance.ActorGateway;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.instance.AkkaActorGateway;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.jobgraph.JobGraph;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.jobgraph.JobStatus;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.jobgraph.JobVertex;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.leaderelection.TestingListener;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.leaderretrieval.LeaderRetrievalService;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.metrics.NoOpMetricRegistry;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.minicluster.LocalFlinkMiniCluster;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.state.AbstractStateBackend;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.state.CheckpointListener;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.state.FunctionInitializationContext;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.state.FunctionSnapshotContext;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.state.filesystem.FsStateBackend;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.taskmanager.TaskManager;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.testingUtils.TestingUtils;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.testtasks.BlockingNoOpInvokable;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.testutils.CommonTestUtils;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.testutils.JobManagerActorTestUtils;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.testutils.JobManagerProcess;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.testutils.ZooKeeperTestUtils;
import org.apache.flink.runtime.zookeeper.ZooKeeperTestEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.checkpoint.CheckpointedFunction;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.checkpoint.ListCheckpointed;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.CheckpointConfig;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.sink.SinkFunction;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.source.RichParallelSourceFunction;
import org.apache.flink.testutils.junit.RetryOnFailure;
import org.apache.flink.testutils.junit.RetryRule;
import org.apache.flink.util.Collector;
import org.apache.flink.util.TestLogger;

import akka.actor.ActorRef;
import akka.actor.ActorSystem;
import akka.actor.PoisonPill;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.apache.curator.test.TestingServer;
import org.junit.AfterClass;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.rules.TemporaryFolder;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLongArray;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;

import scala.Option;
import scala.Some;
import scala.Tuple2;
import scala.concurrent.duration.Deadline;
import scala.concurrent.duration.FiniteDuration;

import static org.apache.flink.runtime.messages.JobManagerMessages.SubmitJob;
import static org.apache.flink.util.Preconditions.checkArgument;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;

/**
 * Test JobManager recovery.
 */
public class JobManagerHACheckpointRecoveryITCase extends TestLogger {

	@Rule
	public RetryRule retryRule = new RetryRule();

	private static final ZooKeeperTestEnvironment ZooKeeper = new ZooKeeperTestEnvironment(1);

	private static final FiniteDuration TestTimeOut = new FiniteDuration(5, TimeUnit.MINUTES);

	private static final File FileStateBackendBasePath;

	static {
		try {
			FileStateBackendBasePath = CommonTestUtils.createTempDirectory();
		}
		catch (IOException e) {
			throw new RuntimeException("Error in test setup. Could not create directory.", e);
		}
	}

	@AfterClass
	public static void tearDown() throws Exception {
		try {
			ZooKeeper.shutdown();
		} catch (Exception ignored) {
		}

		try {
			if (FileStateBackendBasePath != null) {
				FileUtils.deleteDirectory(FileStateBackendBasePath);
			}
		} catch (IOException ignored) {
		}
	}

	@Before
	public void cleanUp() throws Exception {
		if (FileStateBackendBasePath != null && FileStateBackendBasePath.exists()) {
			FileUtils.cleanDirectory(FileStateBackendBasePath);
		}

		ZooKeeper.deleteAll();
	}

	// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

	private static final int Parallelism = 8;

	private static CountDownLatch completedCheckpointsLatch = new CountDownLatch(4);
	private static CountDownLatch completedCheckpointsLatch2 = new CountDownLatch(6);

	private static AtomicLongArray recoveredStates = new AtomicLongArray(Parallelism);

	private static CountDownLatch finalCountLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);

	private static AtomicReference<Long> finalCount = new AtomicReference<>();

	private static long lastElement = -1;

	private static final int retainedCheckpoints = 2;

	/**
	 * Tests that the JobManager logs failures during recovery properly.
	 *
	 * @see FLINK-3185
	 */
	@Test
	@RetryOnFailure(times = 1)
	public void testCheckpointRecoveryFailure() throws Exception {
		final Deadline testDeadline = TestTimeOut.fromNow();
		final String zooKeeperQuorum = ZooKeeper.getConnectString();
		final String fileStateBackendPath = FileStateBackendBasePath.getAbsoluteFile().toString();

		Configuration config = ZooKeeperTestUtils.createZooKeeperHAConfig(
			zooKeeperQuorum,
			fileStateBackendPath);

		config.setInteger(ConfigConstants.LOCAL_NUMBER_JOB_MANAGER, 2);

		JobManagerProcess[] jobManagerProcess = new JobManagerProcess[2];
		LeaderRetrievalService leaderRetrievalService = null;
		ActorSystem taskManagerSystem = null;
		ActorSystem testActorSystem = null;
		final HighAvailabilityServices highAvailabilityServices = HighAvailabilityServicesUtils.createHighAvailabilityServices(
			config,
			TestingUtils.defaultExecutor(),
			HighAvailabilityServicesUtils.AddressResolution.NO_ADDRESS_RESOLUTION);

		try {
			// Test actor system
			testActorSystem = AkkaUtils.createActorSystem(new Configuration(),
				new Some<>(new Tuple2<String, Object>("localhost", 0)));

			// The job managers
			jobManagerProcess[0] = new JobManagerProcess(0, config);
			jobManagerProcess[1] = new JobManagerProcess(1, config);

			jobManagerProcess[0].startProcess();
			jobManagerProcess[1].startProcess();

			// Leader listener
			TestingListener leaderListener = new TestingListener();
			leaderRetrievalService = highAvailabilityServices.getJobManagerLeaderRetriever(HighAvailabilityServices.DEFAULT_JOB_ID);
			leaderRetrievalService.start(leaderListener);

			// The task manager
			taskManagerSystem = AkkaUtils.createActorSystem(
				config, Option.apply(new Tuple2<String, Object>("localhost", 0)));
			TaskManager.startTaskManagerComponentsAndActor(
				config,
				ResourceID.generate(),
				taskManagerSystem,
				highAvailabilityServices,
				new NoOpMetricRegistry(),
				"localhost",
				Option.<String>empty(),
				false,
				TaskManager.class);

			// Get the leader
			leaderListener.waitForNewLeader(testDeadline.timeLeft().toMillis());

			String leaderAddress = leaderListener.getAddress();
			UUID leaderId = leaderListener.getLeaderSessionID();

			// Get the leader ref
			ActorRef leaderRef = AkkaUtils.getActorRef(
				leaderAddress, testActorSystem, testDeadline.timeLeft());
			ActorGateway leader = new AkkaActorGateway(leaderRef, leaderId);

			// Who's the boss?
			JobManagerProcess leadingJobManagerProcess;
			JobManagerProcess nonLeadingJobManagerProcess;
			if (jobManagerProcess[0].getJobManagerAkkaURL(testDeadline.timeLeft()).equals(leaderListener.getAddress())) {
				leadingJobManagerProcess = jobManagerProcess[0];
				nonLeadingJobManagerProcess = jobManagerProcess[1];
			}
			else {
				leadingJobManagerProcess = jobManagerProcess[1];
				nonLeadingJobManagerProcess = jobManagerProcess[0];
			}

			// Blocking JobGraph
			JobVertex blockingVertex = new JobVertex("Blocking vertex");
			blockingVertex.setInvokableClass(BlockingNoOpInvokable.class);
			JobGraph jobGraph = new JobGraph(blockingVertex);

			// Submit the job in detached mode
			leader.tell(new SubmitJob(jobGraph, ListeningBehaviour.DETACHED));

			// Wait for the job to be running
			JobManagerActorTestUtils.waitForJobStatus(
				jobGraph.getJobID(),
				JobStatus.RUNNING,
				leader,
				testDeadline.timeLeft());

			// Remove all files
			FileUtils.deleteDirectory(FileStateBackendBasePath);

			// Kill the leader
			leadingJobManagerProcess.destroy();

			// Verify that the job manager logs the failed recovery. We can not
			// do more at this point. :(
			boolean success = false;

			while (testDeadline.hasTimeLeft()) {
				String output = nonLeadingJobManagerProcess.getProcessOutput();

				if (output != null) {
					if (output.contains("Failed to recover job") &&
						output.contains("java.io.FileNotFoundException")) {

						success = true;
						break;
					}
				}
				else {
					log.warn("No process output available.");
				}

				Thread.sleep(500);
			}

			assertTrue("Did not find expected output in logs.", success);
		}
		catch (Throwable t) {
			// Print early (in some situations the process logs get too big
			// for Travis and the root problem is not shown)
			t.printStackTrace();

			// In case of an error, print the job manager process logs.
			if (jobManagerProcess[0] != null) {
				jobManagerProcess[0].printProcessLog();
			}

			if (jobManagerProcess[1] != null) {
				jobManagerProcess[1].printProcessLog();
			}

			throw t;
		}
		finally {
			if (jobManagerProcess[0] != null) {
				jobManagerProcess[0].destroy();
			}

			if (jobManagerProcess[1] != null) {
				jobManagerProcess[1].destroy();
			}

			if (leaderRetrievalService != null) {
				leaderRetrievalService.stop();
			}

			if (taskManagerSystem != null) {
				taskManagerSystem.shutdown();
			}

			if (testActorSystem != null) {
				testActorSystem.shutdown();
			}

			highAvailabilityServices.closeAndCleanupAllData();
		}
	}

	@Test
	public void testCheckpointedStreamingProgramIncrementalRocksDB() throws Exception {
		testCheckpointedStreamingProgram(
			new RocksDBStateBackend(
				new FsStateBackend(FileStateBackendBasePath.getAbsoluteFile().toURI(), 16),
				true));
	}

	private void testCheckpointedStreamingProgram(AbstractStateBackend stateBackend) throws Exception {

		// Config
		final int checkpointingInterval = 100;
		final int sequenceEnd = 5000;
		final long expectedSum = Parallelism * sequenceEnd * (sequenceEnd + 1) / 2;

		final ActorSystem system = ActorSystem.create("Test", AkkaUtils.getDefaultAkkaConfig());
		final TestingServer testingServer = new TestingServer();
		final TemporaryFolder temporaryFolder = new TemporaryFolder();
		temporaryFolder.create();

		LocalFlinkMiniCluster miniCluster = null;

		final int numJMs = 2;
		final int numTMs = 4;
		final int numSlots = 8;

		try {
			Configuration config = new Configuration();

			config.setInteger(CoreOptions.MAX_RETAINED_CHECKPOINTS, retainedCheckpoints);
			config.setInteger(ConfigConstants.LOCAL_NUMBER_JOB_MANAGER, numJMs);
			config.setInteger(ConfigConstants.LOCAL_NUMBER_TASK_MANAGER, numTMs);
			config.setInteger(ConfigConstants.TASK_MANAGER_NUM_TASK_SLOTS, numSlots);
			config.setString(CoreOptions.CHECKPOINTS_DIRECTORY, temporaryFolder.newFolder().toString());

			String tmpFolderString = temporaryFolder.newFolder().toString();
			config.setString(HighAvailabilityOptions.HA_STORAGE_PATH, tmpFolderString);
			config.setString(HighAvailabilityOptions.HA_ZOOKEEPER_QUORUM, testingServer.getConnectString());
			config.setString(HighAvailabilityOptions.HA_MODE, "zookeeper");

			miniCluster = new LocalFlinkMiniCluster(config, true);

			miniCluster.start();

			ActorGateway jmGateway = miniCluster.getLeaderGateway(TestingUtils.TESTING_DURATION());

			StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
			env.setParallelism(Parallelism);
			env.enableCheckpointing(checkpointingInterval);
			env.getCheckpointConfig()
				.enableExternalizedCheckpoints(CheckpointConfig.ExternalizedCheckpointCleanup.RETAIN_ON_CANCELLATION);

			//TODO parameterize
			env.setStateBackend(stateBackend);
			env
				.addSource(new CheckpointedSequenceSource(sequenceEnd, 1))
				.keyBy(new KeySelector<Long, Object>() {

					private static final long serialVersionUID = -8572892067702489025L;

					@Override
					public Object getKey(Long value) throws Exception {
						return value;
					}
				})
				.flatMap(new StatefulFlatMap()).setParallelism(1)
				.addSink(new CountingSink())
				.setParallelism(1);

			JobGraph jobGraph = env.getStreamGraph().getJobGraph();
			miniCluster.submitJobDetached(jobGraph);

			completedCheckpointsLatch.await();

			jmGateway.tell(PoisonPill.getInstance());

			// Wait to finish
			finalCountLatch.await();

			assertEquals(expectedSum, (long) finalCount.get());

			for (int i = 0; i < Parallelism; i++) {
				assertNotEquals(0, recoveredStates.get(i));
			}

		} finally {
			if (miniCluster != null) {
				miniCluster.stop();
				miniCluster.awaitTermination();
			}

			system.shutdown();
			system.awaitTermination();

			testingServer.stop();
			testingServer.close();

		}
	}

	// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

	/**
	 * A checkpointed source, which emits elements from 0 to a configured number.
	 */
	public static class CheckpointedSequenceSource extends RichParallelSourceFunction<Long>
		implements ListCheckpointed<Tuple2<Long, Integer>> {

		private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CheckpointedSequenceSource.class);

		private static final long serialVersionUID = 0L;

		private static final CountDownLatch sync = new CountDownLatch(Parallelism);

		private final long end;

		private int repeat;

		private long current;

		private volatile boolean isRunning = true;

		public CheckpointedSequenceSource(long end) {
			this(end, 1);

		}

		public CheckpointedSequenceSource(long end, int repeat) {
			checkArgument(end >= 0, "Negative final count");
			this.current = 0;
			this.end = end;
			this.repeat = repeat;
		}

		@Override
		public void run(SourceContext<Long> ctx) throws Exception {
			while (isRunning) {
				synchronized (ctx.getCheckpointLock()) {
					if (current <= end) {
						ctx.collect(current++);
					} else if (repeat > 0) {
						--repeat;
						current = 0;
					} else {
						isRunning = false;
					}
				}

				// Slow down until some checkpoints are completed
				if (sync.getCount() != 0) {
					Thread.sleep(50);
				}
			}

			completedCheckpointsLatch2.await();
			synchronized (ctx.getCheckpointLock()) {
				ctx.collect(lastElement);
			}
		}

		@Override
		public List<Tuple2<Long, Integer>> snapshotState(long checkpointId, long timestamp) throws Exception {
			LOG.debug("Snapshotting state {} @ ID {}.", current, checkpointId);
			return Collections.singletonList(new Tuple2<>(this.current, this.repeat));
		}

		@Override
		public void restoreState(List<Tuple2<Long, Integer>> list) throws Exception {
			if (list.isEmpty() || list.size() > 1) {
				throw new RuntimeException("Test failed due to unexpected recovered state size " + list.size());
			}
			Tuple2<Long, Integer> state = list.get(0);
			LOG.debug("Restoring state {}", state);

			// This is necessary to make sure that something is recovered at all. Otherwise it
			// might happen that the job is restarted from the beginning.
			recoveredStates.set(getRuntimeContext().getIndexOfThisSubtask(), 1);

			sync.countDown();

			current = state._1;
			repeat = state._2;
		}

		@Override
		public void cancel() {
			isRunning = false;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * A checkpointed sink, which sums up its input and notifies the main thread after all inputs
	 * are exhausted.
	 */
	public static class CountingSink implements SinkFunction<Long>, ListCheckpointed<CountingSink>,
		CheckpointListener {

		private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CountingSink.class);

		private static final long serialVersionUID = 1436484290453629091L;

		private long current = 0;

		private int numberOfReceivedLastElements;

		@Override
		public void invoke(Long value) throws Exception {

			if (value == lastElement) {
				numberOfReceivedLastElements++;

				if (numberOfReceivedLastElements == Parallelism) {
					finalCount.set(current);
					finalCountLatch.countDown();
				}
				else if (numberOfReceivedLastElements > Parallelism) {
					throw new IllegalStateException("Received more elements than parallelism.");
				}
			}
			else {
				current += value;
			}
		}

		@Override
		public List<CountingSink> snapshotState(long checkpointId, long timestamp) throws Exception {
			LOG.debug("Snapshotting state {}:{} @ ID {}.", current, numberOfReceivedLastElements, checkpointId);
			return Collections.singletonList(this);
		}

		@Override
		public void restoreState(List<CountingSink> state) throws Exception {
			if (state.isEmpty() || state.size() > 1) {
				throw new RuntimeException("Test failed due to unexpected recovered state size " + state.size());
			}
			CountingSink s = state.get(0);
			LOG.debug("Restoring state {}:{}", s.current, s.numberOfReceivedLastElements);

			this.current = s.current;
			this.numberOfReceivedLastElements = s.numberOfReceivedLastElements;
		}

		@Override
		public void notifyCheckpointComplete(long checkpointId) throws Exception {
			LOG.debug("Checkpoint {} completed.", checkpointId);
			completedCheckpointsLatch.countDown();
			completedCheckpointsLatch2.countDown();
		}
	}

	private static class StatefulFlatMap extends RichFlatMapFunction<Long, Long> implements CheckpointedFunction {

		private static final long serialVersionUID = 9031079547885320663L;

		private transient ValueState<Integer> alreadySeen;

		@Override
		public void flatMap(Long input, Collector<Long> out) throws Exception {

			Integer seen = this.alreadySeen.value();
			if (seen >= Parallelism || input == -1) {
				out.collect(input);
			}
			this.alreadySeen.update(seen + 1);
		}

		@Override
		public void open(Configuration config) {

		}

		@Override
		public void snapshotState(FunctionSnapshotContext context) throws Exception {

		}

		@Override
		public void initializeState(FunctionInitializationContext context) throws Exception {
			ValueStateDescriptor<Integer> descriptor =
				new ValueStateDescriptor<>(
					"seenCountState",
					TypeInformation.of(new TypeHint<Integer>() {}),
					0);
			alreadySeen = context.getKeyedStateStore().getState(descriptor);
		}
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The Pure Vitamin C+ Enzymes Powder & Christina - Fluoroxygen Pure Vitamin C+Enzymes Activator s rich in antioxidants and intensifies the metabolic reactions that stimulate Collagen and Elastin reorganization. Therapeutic massage drives antioxidants and vitamins deep into the skin to lighten, firm and rejuvenate.
Mix the powder and activator together (one sachet of enzyme powder with one teaspoon of liquid activator) to create a mousse. Immediately apply the mousse to the skin, taking advantage of Vitamin C's most active state. Massage into skin for 1 minute and leave for an additional 4 minutes. Remove Pure Vitamin C+ Enzymes Powder with FluorOxygen+C pH Rebalancer.
Note: Due to high levels of Vitamin C, you may experience itching or a heating sensation at the onset of the application.
Ingredients Deionized Water, Butylene Glycol, Citrus Medica Limonum (lemon juice), Camellia Sinensis Leaf extract, Glycolic Acid, Lactic Acid, Phenoxyethaol, Citric Acid, Hydroxyethylcellulose, Polysorbate-20, Tocopheryl Acetate, Methylchloroisothiazolinone & Methylisothiazolinone.
The innovative combination of Alpha-hydroxy acids and Melanin-balancing lightening agents, vitamins ..
Christina - Fluoroxygen Pure Vitamin C+ Enzymes Powder & Activator is rich in antioxidants and i..
Designed as the final stage of the FluorOxygen +C in-salon treatment, Christina - Fluoroxygen Pure V..


text:
<?php
return array(
	'admin:users:unvalidated' => 'Sem validação',

	'email:validate:subject' => "%s por favor, confirme seu endereço de email para %s!",
	'email:validate:body' => "Olá %s,

Antes de você iniciar o uso da %, você deve confirmar seu endereço de email.

Por favor, confirme seu endereço de email clicando no link abaixo:

%s

Se você não conseguir clicar no link, copie e cole o endereço para o navegador (browser) manualmente.

%s
%s
",
	'email:confirm:success' => "Você já confirmou seu endereço de email!",
	'email:confirm:fail' => "Seu endereço de email não pode ser confirmado...",

	'uservalidationbyemail:emailsent' => "Email enviado para <em>%s</em>",
	'uservalidationbyemail:registerok' => "Para ativar sua conta, por favor confirme seu endereço de email clicando no link que foi enviado para endereço de email que você registrou.",
	'uservalidationbyemail:login:fail' => "Sua conta não foi validada por isso ocorrem as falhas ao tentar entrar.  Outro email de validação foi enviado para você.",

	'uservalidationbyemail:admin:no_unvalidated_users' => 'Nenhuma pessoa não validado.',

	'uservalidationbyemail:admin:unvalidated' => 'Usuários não validados',
	'uservalidationbyemail:admin:user_created' => 'Registrados %s',
	'uservalidationbyemail:admin:resend_validation' => 'Validação re-enviada',
	'uservalidationbyemail:admin:validate' => 'Validar',
	'uservalidationbyemail:confirm_validate_user' => 'Validar %s?',
	'uservalidationbyemail:confirm_resend_validation' => 'Re-envio email de validação para %s?',
	'uservalidationbyemail:confirm_delete' => 'Apagar %s?',
	'uservalidationbyemail:confirm_validate_checked' => 'Validar usuários marcados?',
	'uservalidationbyemail:confirm_resend_validation_checked' => 'Re-envio validação para usuários marcados?',
	'uservalidationbyemail:confirm_delete_checked' => 'Apagar usuários marcados?',

	'uservalidationbyemail:errors:unknown_users' => 'Usuários desconhecidos',
	'uservalidationbyemail:errors:could_not_validate_user' => 'Não foi possível validar usuário.',
	'uservalidationbyemail:errors:could_not_validate_users' => 'Não foi possível validar todos usuários marcados.',
	'uservalidationbyemail:errors:could_not_delete_user' => 'Não foi possível apagar usuário.',
	'uservalidationbyemail:errors:could_not_delete_users' => 'Não foi possível apagar todos usuários marcados.',
	'uservalidationbyemail:errors:could_not_resend_validation' => 'Não foi possível re-enviar solicitação de validação.',
	'uservalidationbyemail:errors:could_not_resend_validations' => 'Não foi possível re-enviar solicitação de validação para usuários marcados.',

	'uservalidationbyemail:messages:validated_user' => 'Usuário validado.',
	'uservalidationbyemail:messages:validated_users' => 'Todos usuários marcados validados.',
	'uservalidationbyemail:messages:deleted_user' => 'Usuário apagado.',
	'uservalidationbyemail:messages:deleted_users' => 'Todos usuários marcados apagados.',
	'uservalidationbyemail:messages:resent_validation' => 'Solicitação de validação re-enviada.',
	'uservalidationbyemail:messages:resent_validations' => 'Solicitação de validação re-enviada para todos usuários marcados.'

);


text:
Q: While fetching values from database the single quotes shows ? icon in HTML I am making a simple blog model in php for now i have added this data directly in data from phpmy admin this is the dummy data
Post-ironic mumblecore authentic, stumptown try-hard chambray sartorial
McSweeney's VHS put a bird on it. Pitchfork lomo meggings, meh whatever cred
beard four loko hella. Flannel swag normcore, leggings 3 wolf moon meditation
Marfa hella fingerstache Thundercats mustache. Lo-fi typewriter Shoreditch,
Odd Future fingerstache iPhone retro McSweeney's four loko Kickstarter hoodie

The above text has ' single quotes values in it now the problem is when the vales are being parsed in php and then displayed in HTML format it shows � instead of single quote.
What might be the problem?
This is the output i am geeting in html format
Post-ironic mumblecore authentic, stumptown try-hard chambray sartorial
McSweeney�s VHS put a bird on it. Pitchfork lomo meggings, meh whatever
cred beard four loko hella. Flannel swag normcore, leggings 3 wolf moon
meditation Marfa hella fingerstache Thundercats mustache. Lo-fi typewriter
Shoreditch, Odd Future fingerstache iPhone retro McSweeney�s four loko
Kickstarter hoodie

I am using the normal php code to display the data like this <?php echo $value['post_content']; ?> i have even tried the htmlspecialchars_decode function in PHP but doesn't work well
I am using OOP PHP technique and this is the code i am using
$query = "SELECT * FROM posts";
$connection = $this->establish_connection();
$data = $connection->query($query);
$connection->close();

A: It is a Unicode problem .
The original text is encoded with different Unicode not that you use to display (utf8) so  , try this:
$query = "SELECT * FROM posts";
$connection = $this->establish_connection();
$connection->set_charset("utf8");
$data = $connection->query($query);
$connection->close();

A: I don't think your commas are standard single quote characters. Converting them to their numerical representation and comparing it to a standard single quote makes this clear.
Try the following: Either replacing all of those commas with standard single quotes, or convert your existing commas into their corresponding HTML entities or unicode representation. If you convert them, then test them across different browsers to ensure cross-compatibility.

A: You need to set a meta encoding inside the head tags of your html matching the encoding of the data in your db, eg:
<meta charset="UTF-8">
It's important to match the encoding both in your files and your database. You can use the tool save with encoding in most text editors and set the encoding of the table fields in your database.


Central Valley Perfusion, Inc. is a full service autotransfusion company. Our global services includes capital equipment, all associated disposable supplies and competent clinicians to provide autotransfusion coverage every day of the year. Our experience is extensive, and we are dedicated to providing the safest surgical environment possible for your patients.
Autotransfusion (also known as "cell saving") utilizes a focused, managed approach toward reducing the use of homologous (donor) blood while increasing the use of the autologous (patient's own) blood whenever possible. This can be achieved in the operating room, intensive care unit and emergency room.
We can provide you with the latest autotransfusion equipment on the market. We carry a complete line of new and refurbished autotransfusion equipment. We also carry all disposable supplies at pricing that is extremely competitive. When you purchase equipment and supplies from CVP, we provide the support of experienced clinicians to guide you through the setup of your autotransfusion program and ensure that you select the right equipment for your needs.


text:
New Canons for the Cathedral
The Bishop of Guildford has announced the appointment of six new Honorary Canons, to be installed at Cathedral Evensong on Sunday 21 November 2010 at 6.30pm. They are: The Revd Margaret Marsh - Priest in Charge, Walton on the Hill The Revd Richard Cook - Vicar, Goldsworth Park and Bishop's Adv… Read More
Added Tuesday 14th September 2010
Jonathan Frost to be Bishop of Southampton
It was announced at 7.30 on Friday 30 July that The Revd Canon JonathanFrost is to become Bishop of Southampton. I am very happy indeed, as I know will be the whole of the Diocese of Guildford, to hear the announcement that Canon Jonathan Frost is to be the new Bishop of Southampton. Dioces… Read More
Added Friday 13th August 2010
Online Box Office
Guildford Cathedral is delighted to announce the launch of a new secure online box office. The box office can be accessed from the home page or the events page of this website. The first concert to use the new booking facility is the Surrey Festival Choir on Saturday 10 July. It is hoped that org… Read More
Added Monday 7th June 2010
Through the day receives favourable reviews
Through the day - favourite anthems from Guildford Cathedral, recorded last year, has been receiving favourable reviews. This is a substantial programme, splendidly sung by Guildford Cathedral Choir, directed by either Katherine Dienes-Williams (boys and men or boys, girls and men) or the now d… Read More
Added Thursday 13th May 2010
Archbishop of Canterbury's visit
On Tuesday 2 March 2010, the Archbishop of Canterbury, accompanied by the Bishop of Guildford, Christopher Hill, visited the Diocese of Guildford to focus on the life, ministry and mission within the Diocese. During his visit, he gave an address in the Cathedral on the role of Christ in a pluralis… Read More
Added Thursday 4th March 2010


Managed Services Procurement is the unique SFS version of the statement of work "MSP" model. We deliver SOW MSP services directly to large and mid-size clients who are ready to manage SOW spend separately from their temporary labor category. The delivery difference is in our team: experienced procurement, strategic sourcing, contract negotiation and category management professionals. The value difference is in how our team delivers managed services procurement across your SOW spend portfolio: the SFS Entry Point Engagement Model ensures the optimal SOW transaction support regardless of category spend and operational maturity.
Already have a staffing MSP in place? Don't worry. We are experienced at integrating our SOW support services seamlessly with staffing MSPs.
Want to establish an SOW only program? No problem. We manage multiple programs where SOW is the primary focus.
Managing temporary labor is only the tip of the iceberg for bringing enterprise wide Services spend under more effective management. Starting with staffing vendors is key, but greater savings, third party risk management and operational efficiency gains lie beyond temporary labor. Spend made on statements of work (aka SOW's) represent the more complex underlying projects, deliverables, and managed or outsourced services that the enterprise engages from different types of vendors. At 10 times the amount of spend than temporary labor, SOW-based categories cannot be ignored.
Fortunately, recent innovation by Sourcing for Services provides CPO's and Services Procurement leaders a familiar and highly effective alternative to the traditional contingent labor program model. At SFS we have developed our own unique version of MSP for SOW and we call it Managed Services Procurement.
Managed Services Procurement at SFS specializes in managing the entire portfolio of SOW-based categories and suppliers in your organization. We are not a typical Procurement BPO which focuses on single categories for short, disruptive and unsustainable sprints; we are a long term operational solution that extends your Procurement team's reach - day in and day out.
We are not a traditional staffing managed service provider either. Instead SFS is an integrated bolt-on service to that model, extending the common program governance structure and scaling procurement operations across the more complex categories.
Whether you have an existing contingent labor program in place that you need to extend or are seeking a new, more comprehensive program solution, Sourcing for Services could be just what you have been looking for.
Give us 45 minutes to demonstrate the credibility of our Managed Services Procurement approach and the simplistic power of our Entry Point Engagement Model... we are confident you will see the delivery and value difference in how SFS does SOW!


CULedger is gaining distributed ledger legs with its MyCUID initiative, a consumer-focused global digital-identity solution, it expects to enhance the already trusted relationship between members and their credit unions.
St. Petersburg, Fla. — (April 24, 2018) — PSCU – the nation's leading CUSO – has announced its investment in CULedger, a credit union industry initiative for developing applications of distributed ledger technology. This technology, which offers a protocol that allows innovation around financial transactions, may become the system on which the future of financial processes is built.
NEWPORT BEACH, CA (March 29, 2018) — NACUSO, the only trade association for the Credit Union Service Organization (CUSO) movement announced the five finalists for the 2018 Next Big Idea Competition to be held at the NACUSO Network Conference in Anaheim on April 18th at the Disneyland Hotel.


text:
TOP 20 RICHEST RAPPERS IN THE WORLD 2019
January 25, 2019 by Sherif Leave a Comment
On the richest rappers in the world 2019. The contemporary music world houses numerous rappers and many of these rappers have earned massive recognition for their rap skills. In that case, it is absolutely interesting to discuss the world's richest rappers and the other artistic skills they are known for.
Who Is The Richest Rapper In The World 2019?
If you're conversant with rappers, you should believe that they are worldly characters who fancy expensive assets and luxurious lifestyles. Just like many other artists, rappers lavish money on luxuries such as cars and houses. Nevertheless, you won't be surprised at this if you find out the mouthwatering net worth each of the richest rappers in the world has added to his name.
This very article centers on the Top 20 Richest Rappers in the World and without any doubts, nearly all these rappers come from the United States of America.
1. Diddy
Net Worth: $820 Million
Full Name: Sean John Combs
Sean Combs –who goes by the stage name Diddy –is the world's richest rapper for having amassed the colossal net worth of $820 million. He is well recognized for his versatility which spans across rapping, songwriting, acting and producing. Although Sean Combs' massive success is mainly attributed to his music, the star rapper hustles outside of music as a shrewd entrepreneur and this has boosted his wealth.
2. Jay Z
Full Name: Shawn Corey Carter
Coming third on this list of the world's richest rappers; Jay Z is one of the most prominent American superstars. Besides his music career as a prolific rapper, Jay Z has made great wealth through entrepreneurship. Jay Z –a native of Brooklyn, New York –is said to have accumulated immense wealth, giving him the net worth of $810 million. Meanwhile, it is often rumored that Jay-Z's immense wealth is mostly attributed to his mega investments which span across nightclubs, record labels, and clothing outfits.
Full Name: Andre Romelle Young
Andre Young –who goes by the stage name Dr. Dre –is featured among the best and most successful people in hip-hop production. He has been in the game for long and fortunately, his experience and struggle have yielded massive wealth. Young's music career began many years back –precisely in the 1980's. The star rapper rose onto the rap floor as a member of N.W.A but afterward, he moved on with his career as a solo artist. Andre Young founded the "Beats by Dr. Dre'' series that Apple acquired at the price of $1 billion some years back. At the moment, Andre Young is the world's second richest rapper for having garnered the net worth of $740 million.
4. Master P
Net Worth: 375 Million
Full Name: Percy Robert Miller
Percy Robert Miller –who goes by the stage name Master P –is a renowned philanthropist, record producer, author, actor, and rapper. Previously, Master P made his mark as a basketballer but currently, he is acclaimed for his professionalism as an artist. Besides music, Master P has fashioned out massive success in entrepreneurship. Among other ventures, he serves as the CEO and owner of P Miller Enterprises. Currently, Master P is reported with the net worth of $375 million and it is believed that his diverse ventures place him comfortably among the world's richest rappers.
5. Russell Simmons
Full Name: Russell Simmons
Russell Simmons is a notable producer, author, entrepreneur, and rapper of American descent. He is one of the founding members of Def Jam Recordings –a popular hip-hop record label. Besides, he is widely recognized as the CEO and manager of Rush Communications. Outside of music, Simmons has succeeded immensely on the entrepreneurship scene particularly with the establishment of popular brands such as Tantris, Argyleculture and Phat Farm. Regarding his wealth, Russell Simmons is estimated to be worth $350 million.
6. Eminem
Full Name: Marshall Bruce Mathers III
Eminem is often seen as the most fortunate hip-hop star of white descent. At the time Eminem kick-started his rap career in Detroit, especially as one of the few white rappers staging performances at concerts, he became a victim of racial discrimination. Also as a child and during his school days, Eminem was subject to severe intimidation from his colleagues. At the time, he was obsessed with going from one place to another but despite this, he found it difficult to relate to people. Today, Eminem has carved out a desirable fortune for himself with his net worth hovering around $190 million.
7. Usher
Net Worth: $ 180 Million
Full Name: Usher Raymond IV
Usher is an American superstar known for acting, dancing, rapping, songwriting and singing. Besides his versatility, Usher has succeeded massively as one of the best-selling artists. At the moment, he boasts of sumptuous net worth estimated at $180 million. Above that, he has made over 40 million sales from his albums. Regarding this and a few other details about the star rapper, it is believable that Usher is one of the wealthiest rappers in the world.
8. Ronald Slim Williams
Full Name: Ronald Slim Williams
Alongside his brother –Birdman –Ronald Slim Williams is the founder of a popular label known as Cash Money Records. With the help of his proficiency, Slim Williams has been able to partner with several notable artists including Lil Wayne, Nicki Minaj and Drake. As it stands, Slim's success as a rapper has earned him the massive net worth of $170 million.
9. Pharrell Williams
Full Name: Pharrell Lanscilo Williams
Pharrell Williams is a native of the United States and he was born in Virginia in 1973. His professional career has earned him significant recognition as a film producer, record producer, singer, songwriter and rapper. He is the owner of a media outfit that incorporates art, entertainment, fashion and music. Fortunately, Williams' music career has earned him incredible achievements including ten awards under the Grammy Awards. Meanwhile, he bagged two of these awards as a member of the Neptunes. Regarding nominations, Pharrell Williams has appeared twice among the nominees for Academy Award. In 2014, he was nominated for Best Original Song in recognition of "Happy'' –a song that featured in Despicable Me 2. Also in 2017, Pharrell Williams featured among the Best Picture nominees for the production of Hidden Figures.
10. Lil Wayne
Full Name: Dwayne Michael Carter Jr.
Born Dwayne Michael Carter Jr; Lil Wayne is a professional author, rapper and hip hop artist of American descent. Meanwhile, he hails from New Orleans, Louisiana. When he was 9 years old, precisely in 1991, Lil Wayne was admitted as a member of Cash Money Records. At the time, he was the youngest artist of the record label. Since he came into limelight, he has succeeded in producing numerous records and millions of sales have been generated from these. As a popular rap star, Lil Wayne has partnered with many other notable stars. With the estimated net worth of $150 million, he is undoubtedly one of the world's richest rappers.
11. Kanye West
Full Name: Kanye Omari West
Kanye West is a prominent superstar of American descent. He is acclaimed for his proficiency which encompasses fashion design, recording, songwriting, and rapping. Ascertaining Kanye West's actual net worth may involve some doubts because like 50 Cent, he is alleged to have amassed severe debt. Based on the latest stats about the richest rappers, Kanye West has the estimated net worth of $147 million.
12. Ice Cube
Full Name: O'Shea Jackson
Ice Cube is renowned for his roles in filmmaking, songwriting, acting, recording, and rapping. A native of the United States, Ice Cube started off his music career by joining forces with C.I.A –a group of hip-hop artists. Afterward, Ice Cube became a member of the N.W.A.
In 1989, Ice Cube parted from the N.W.A and went ahead to establish himself as a solo musician. Fortunately, he has succeeded in doing this and besides music, Ice Cube has built a great reputation as an actor. Regarding this, the star rapper has featured in a number of films among which are 21 & 22 Jump Street, Boyz N the Hood, Ride Along and Barbershop. Based on current stats, Ice Cube's net worth stands at $140 million.
13. Snoop Dogg
Full Name: Calvin Cordozar Broadus Jr.
Snoop Dogg is a prolific actor and rapper hailing from the American state of California. Considered one of the long-standing rap stars, Snoop Dogg started off music precisely in 1992. In the same year, his talent drew attention from Dr. Dre –a popular American rapper and member of N.W.A. In consequence of this, Dr. Dre featured Snoop Dogg in The Chronic –his debut solo album. Since he ascended professional music scene, Snoop Dogg has bagged more than 23 million album sales only in the U.S.A. Meanwhile, he is reported to have hit around 35 million album sales across the globe. At the moment, Snoop Dogg's net worth is estimated at around $135 million.
14. Birdman
Full Name: Bryan Christopher Williams
Bryan Williams –who goes by the stage name Birdman –is a reputable executive producer, record producer, and rapper of American descent. Alongside his brother, Ronald, Birdman is the founder of a popular record label known as Cash Money Records. Besides music, Birdman has amassed a fortune as a vibrant investor cum entrepreneur. With the net worth of $110 million, he perfectly finds his spot amongst the world's richest rappers.
15. LL Cool J
Full Name: James Todd Smith
LL Cool J is an American superstar who has built himself a great reputation as an author, actor, and rapper. A native of Queens, New York, LL Cool J is widely recognized as one of the pioneers of pop rap and so far in his career, he has churned out two biggest hits compilations. Likewise, he has reached an impressive tally of 13 studio albums. Outside of music, LL Cool J has garnered wealth as a successful entrepreneur. Currently, his net worth hangs around $100 million.
16. Drake
Net Worth: $ 90 Million
Full Name: Aubry Drake Graham
Born Aubrey Drake Graham; Drake is a prominent superstar of Canadian descent. He is best known for his impressive skills which encompass recording, acting, songwriting, singing, and rapping. Prior to his prominence as a rapper, Drake was first recognized for his acting roles on Degrassi –a TV series on the teen drama. In recognition of his proficiency, Drake has been honored with important awards. In addition to the BET Award honors –which he has bagged six times –Drake has claimed Juno Awards (3 times). Moreover, he has bagged awards titled Best Rap Album and Best Rap Song both under Grammy Award. Presently, Drake's net worth is estimated at $100 million.
17. Timbaland
Net Worth: $85 Million
Full Name: Timothy Zachery Mosley
Born Timothy Zachery Mosley; Timbaland is a reputed American star who serves as a DJ, record producer, rapper, songwriter, and singer. He was born in the American state of Virginia and has partnered with a number of R&B stars in making hits. Amongst others, these R&B stars included Missy Elliot and Aaliyah. As a media personality, Timbaland has featured in TV shows like Boy Band and The Pop Game. Currently, Timbaland is associated with the music group Timbaland & Magoo and has appeared in films such as 30 Years to Life, Romeo Must Die and a few others.
18. Akon
Full Name: Aliaune Damala Badara Thiam
Akon is a globally acclaimed personality whose versatility spans across acting, recording, songwriting, rapping, and singing. Though Akon is considered an American, he is actually descended from Senegal. Akon, who rose to music popularity back in 2004, has succeeded immensely and made millions of album sales. Precisely, he became a prominent musician after the launch of Locked Up –his debut single which he extracted from his first studio album titled Trouble. Outside of music, Akon magnifies his wealth with a number of business dealings and currently, he is declared with the net worth of $80 million.
19. Adam Horovitz
Full Name: Adam Keefe Horovitz
Adam Horovitz –popularly regarded as King Ad-Rock or simply Ad-Rock –is a skilled actor, musician, producer, rapper and guitarist hailing from the United States. He is currently a member of Beastie Boys –a group of hip-hop artists. And through his membership within this group, Horovitz happens to be one of the popular rappers in the US. Having amassed the net worth of $75 million, Horovitz perfectly fits into the 19th position on this list of Top 20 Richest Rappers in the World.
20. 50 Cent
Full Name: Curtis James Jackson III
50 Cent is one of the long-standing rappers of American descent. A native of New York, United States, 50 Cent encountered a series of hardships which included the loss of his beloved mother. Though it is rumored that the star rapper is currently worth $15 million, this figure remains doubtful as regards the legal case brought against him in the previous year. The case was so serious that 50 Cent claimed he had been rendered bankrupt. However, it remains doubtful whether he deliberately did that in order to avert the payment of his existing debt.
That's all about our Top 20 Richest Rappers In The World 2019.
TOP 10 RICHEST ACTRESS IN THE WORLD
Top 50 Richest Musicians In The World
TOP 100 RICHEST PEOPLE IN THE WORLD
TOP 10 Richest Football Clubs in the World
TOP 10 RICHEST ACTORS IN THE WORLD
Tags: Top 100 Richest Rappers in the World 2019
Filed Under: Richest


1. Uncover a head of cylinders, address appropriate section.
2. Turn a bent shaft to position of the piston of the first cylinder 25 В± 2 В° after VMT, at the same time cams of the first cylinder of the camshaft of inlet valves have to be turned at an angle up.
3. Check phasing of the camshaft of inlet valves. For this purpose check whether the finger (1) through an opening in a forward cover of the camshaft is implanted into an opening in a camshaft flange. If the finger is not implanted, there are deviations in an angle of rotation of a bent shaft, if necessary adjust position of the camshaft.
The engine with adjustment of the camshaft: The emphasis located on a circle of an asterisk of the camshaft of inlet valves (2) has to be in situation "late" (an emphasis in flange grooves in the direction of rotation of the camshaft) (an arrow above).
At wrong installation of a chain if, for example, the chain is displaced on one tooth, the angle of rotation of a bent shaft changes approximately on 20 В°.
4. Remove an adjusting finger.
5. Turn a bent shaft to position of the piston of the first cylinder 28 В± 2 В° after VMT, at the same time cams of the first cylinder of the camshaft of final valves have to be turned at an angle up.
6. Check phasing of the camshaft of final valves. For this purpose check whether the finger (3) through an opening in a forward cover of the camshaft is implanted into an opening in a camshaft flange. If the finger is not implanted, there are deviations in an angle of rotation of a bent shaft, if necessary adjust position of the camshaft.
7. Remove an adjusting finger.
1. The head of cylinders has to be uncovered.
2. Turn a bent shaft in the direction of rotation of the engine and install the piston of the first cylinder in situation 20 В° after VMT.
3. Remove a forward cover.
4. Remove a natyazhitel of a chain, address appropriate section.
5. Remove the top guide.
6. Remove an asterisk of the camshaft of final valves, holding an asterisk from a provorachivaniye for a hexagon. Remove an asterisk.
7. Turn the camshaft of final valves in the provision of the main control. Cams of the camshaft of final valves of the first cylinder have to be turned at an angle up. Implant an adjusting finger (3) through an opening in a cover of the forward bearing into a camshaft flange opening.
8. Remove a chain from an asterisk of the camshaft of inlet valves.
9. Turn the camshaft of inlet valves in the provision of the main control. Cams of the camshaft of inlet valves of the first cylinder have to be turned at an angle up. Implant an adjusting finger (3) through an opening in a cover of the forward bearing into a camshaft flange opening.
10. Establish a chain on an asterisk of the camshaft of inlet valves and on a guide.
11. Insert an asterisk of the camshaft of final valves into a chain and fix on a shaft by a new bolt with a fillet the moment 20 Nanometers. Then tighten a bolt a usual key on a corner 90 В°.
13. Establish into place a natyazhitel of a chain, address the Section Removal and installation of a natyazhitel of a chain.
14. Turn the engine in the direction of rotation twice and double-check the main setup of camshafts. If necessary repeat adjustment.
15. Establish into place a forward cover, address appropriate section.
16. Establish a cover of a head of cylinders, address appropriate section.


text:
Linda Chung
鍾嘉欣 / 钟嘉欣 / Chung Ka Yan / Zhong Jia Xin / 欣欣 / Yan Yan / 阿欣 / Ah Yan
Birth Place: Maple Ridge, British Columbia, Canada
Linda Chung's Dramas & Movies:
HongK Drama
PO CHUNG-LING (Steven Ma) was born in Jinan a family of New Year print. He is very bright, his father, PO POON (Yueh Hua), has therefore always hoped that he… [More]
River of Wine
River of Wine Synopsis, Story The story takes place in the Qing Dynasty, revolving around the Sung and Leung Family.. KWAN WAI LAN (Nancy Sit) is the owner of a… [More]
Status: - Released: 2011 Rating: 9.13/10 (23 Votes)
Twilight Investigation
Encore (Wong Hei) is a private detective who works your normal investigation cases - missing items, missing persons, adultery, and the like. While investigating an adultery case involving a group… [More]
Status: Completed Released: 2010 Rating: 9.3/10 (20 Votes)
Diamond jewelry for the world to the stage of life about whether Cuicanduomu, kept in permanent, depending on whether the person has a noble character, even going through a series… [More]
L for Love, L for Lies (2008)
HongK Movie
Stephy originally was a very lucky girl. She opened a sweets shop after graduating college with her longtime boyfriend Jun (it didn?t say the name of who is acting him).… [More]
Forensic Heroes
Tim Sir and the police force are in charge of solving murder cases. Siu Yau is the head of her department. Sam is a doctor whose responsibility is to find… [More]
Yes, Sir. Sorry, Sir!
Despite the fact that he comes from a long line of disciplined workers, Law Yiu-wah (Moses Chan) is a teacher of a notorious school. One day, he was urged to… [More]
Witness Insecurity
Witness Protection Unit (WPU) officer, Hui Wai Sam (Bosco Wong) is assigned to protect Kiu Chi Lam (Linda Chung). A lone figure who possesses a depressive streak, Chi Lam has… [More]
Status: Completed Released: 2012 Rating: 9.4/10 (179 Votes)
House of Harmony and Vengeance
The Tang Dynasty was one of imperial China's most prosperous periods, in which the arts flourished. The royal family particularly enjoyed a good dance and music performance. Thus, a prestigious… [More]
L'Escargot
The story is primarily about the inter-connected trials of the Kwan, Ting, and Ko family in life, money, and romance. Kwan Ka-On (Michael Miu) is the eldest brother of the… [More]
Daddy Good Deeds
Ko Yi-man (Ha Yu) is the owner of a pawn shop and a devoted father to his son Ko Wai-ting (Mak Cheung-ching) and two daughters Ko Yu-chu (Linda Chung) and… [More]
Forensic Heroes II (Traditional Chinese: 法證先鋒II) is a TVB modern suspense series broadcast in May 2008 and the second installment of the Forensic Heroes series. The series is a direct… [More]
Tong Yan-Gai owns a dried sea-products and abalone store. He is married to Ling Hau and also has a second wife called Wong Sau-Kam. He has 4 children: Tong Chi-On,… [More]
The Biter Bitten
This series is about the four close friends and their family looking for a buried treasure from the "Ten Tigers". They go through a lot of clues to lead them… [More]
SUN CHIU TUNG (Liza Wang) had resigned from her official duties as a madam cop due to an investigation in a mysterious case, she decided to own a private investigation… [More]
A Search & Rescue agency specializes in finding loved ones lost during a war, natural disaster or relocation. The paranoid and skeptical HONG YU FUNG (Linda Chung), the optimistic and… [More]
The serial, set between the years 1980 and 2013, depicts the moral life struggles of two half-brothers Kiu Tin-sang (Ruco Chan) and Lo Wai-son (Edwin Siu) during the late and… [More]
72 Tenants of Prosperity (Movie)
In 1970s Hong Kong, rapacious landlords try to evict 72 tenants but sworn brothers Ha Kung and Shek Kin help the group of 72 defeat the landlord and landlady and… [More]
Status: Completed Released: 2010 Rating: 8.4/10 (5 Votes)
All That Is Bitter Is Sweet
Foshan's famous physician Dou Sam has only one daughter, Dou Gaa Kei. Although she is intelligent and has a strong interest in Chinese medicine. On the day of her marriage… [More]
Tiger Cubs II
The Special Duties Unit (SDU), led by Joe Ma and consisting of team members Him Law, Oscar Leung and Mandy Wong, continue to work coherently together. Still, new challenges constantly… [More]
Limelight Years
There is darkness behind the limelight. After recovering from a long-term sickness, retiring singer Wah Fong Ying (Liza Wang) has come to realize that she has failed to live a… [More]