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This Wall Street Journal article describes how Wal-Mart is able to pay about half as much state tax as a typical corporation.
Drucker, Jesse. 2007. "Inside Wal-Mart's Bid To Slash State Taxes." Wall Street Journal (23 October): p. A 1.
"In May 2001, Wal-Mart Stores Inc. issued an appeal to big accounting firms: Find us creative new ways to cut our state tax bills. Ernst & Young LLP swung into action. Senior tax experts at the big accounting firm swapped ideas via email and in a series of meetings. At least one gathering, according to an internal Ernst & Young calendar, took place in Wal-Mart's headquarters in the "Tax Shelter Room"."
"Big companies hardly ever discuss how outside accountants, lawyers and investment bankers help them cut their tax bills. But Ernst & Young's contributions to Wal-Mart's state-tax minimization project are outlined in a raft of documents filed in recent months in North Carolina state court, where the state's attorney general is challenging a Wal-Mart tax-cutting structure involving real-estate investment trusts. The material, which includes company emails and memos, provides a rare window into accountants' role in generating tax-reduction ideas at one major company."
"Companies often assert that tax savings are simply happy byproducts of transactions pursued for other business reasons. But documents from the North Carolina case indicate that Wal-Mart, from the outset, had one primary purpose: cutting its state income taxes. Ernst & Young worked to fulfill that goal. In 2002, for example, the accounting firm delivered a 37-page proposal laying out a smorgasbord of 27 potential tax strategies, most tailored to a particular state's tax code. It described one of them as "a very aggressive strategy with considerable risk."
"Publicly traded companies reduced their federal income taxes by about $12 billion in 2004 through potentially abusive tax transactions, according to Internal Revenue Service data. Some experts say companies save far more than that each year through elaborate tax-cutting maneuvers."
"Wal-Mart's 2001 letter to accounting firms got right to the point. It began: "Wal-Mart is requesting your proposal(s) for professional tax advice and related implementation services in connection with minimization of state income taxes in the following states: Arizona, California, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, and Pennsylvania"."
"State income-tax rates for corporations average about 6.9%, and come on top of a federal statutory rate of 35%. Tax rates vary from state to state, and some states have no corporate tax at all on certain income. That provides ample opportunity for so-called tax arbitrage, in which companies allocate expenses and revenues between states in order to minimize taxes owed."
"On average, Wal-Mart has paid taxes at a rate equal to about half of the average statutory state rate over the past decade, according to an analysis of the company's regulatory filings by Standard & Poor's Compustat."
"In the early 1990s, it employed an "intangibles holding company," a unit operating in tax-friendly Delaware into which it transferred ownership of its brand names such as Sam's Club. It then made payments to that unit for use of those brands, deducting them as expenses from its taxable income in other states, according to court records. That strategy fell out of favor after several states successfully challenged Wal-Mart and other companies in court over the maneuver."
"Wal-Mart set aside about $526 million for state and local income taxes last year, not including its substantial property-tax bills, according to the company's financial reports. But its various state tax-cutting strategies seem to have had an impact. On average, Wal-Mart has paid taxes at a rate equal to about half of the average statutory state rate over the past decade, according to an analysis of the company's regulatory filings by Standard & Poor's Compustat."
"After Wal-Mart hired the firm in 1996 ..., an Ernst & Young tax executive urged his team to be discreet, according to a staff memo included in North Carolina court records. "We don't think there is much the state taxing authorities can do to mitigate these savings to Wal-Mart, however some states might attempt something if they had advance notification," he wrote. "We think the best course of action is to keep the project relatively quiet .... there just seems to be too many opportunities for it to get out to the press or financial community and we all know they are difficult to control, particularly when we are dealing with a client as well-known as Wal-Mart"."
"David Bullington, Wal-Mart's vice president for tax policy, said in a deposition that he began feeling pressure to lower the company's effective tax rate after the current chief financial officer, Thomas Schoewe, was hired in 2000. Mr. Schoewe was familiar with "some very sophisticated and aggressive tax planning," Mr. Bullington said, according to a transcript of the deposition, taken by the North Carolina attorney general's office in July. "And he ride herds [sic] on us all the time that we have the world's highest tax rate of any major company"."
"As Ernst & Young worked on its proposals, one high-ranking tax partner sent an email to a colleague addressing a concern often faced by companies: how to describe a tax-driven transaction in a way that won't create problems later on with tax authorities. "You asked if we have a document that details how the tax savings will work, how much they will save .... We really don't have anything like that except for the sales document, partly because we have avoided calling this a 'tax' project, to show that we did not have a tax savings motivation, rather it is a 'domestic restructuring' project," he wrote."
"As for Wal-Mart's "Tax Shelter Room," North Carolina officials asked Mr. Bullington about the odd name. In his deposition, the Wal-Mart vice president said the moniker was "a bit of a pun," stemming from the conference room's use by tax-department employees to conduct safety drills for natural disasters such as tornadoes."
Posted by Michael Perelman at 12:19 PM
ProGrowthLiberal said...
Wow! I thought I'd be the one that brought transfer pricing manipulation to this blog but you beat me to it. A little of this is covered by David Cay Johnston's Perfectly Legal in his chapter called Letters to Switzerland. But that's international. Here you bring up the domestic play. Usually these Delware Intangible Holding Companies only own the trademark and not the other intangibles and the Delaware shell company does not even do the advertising. That the Delaware shell deserves all intangible profits is such a joke but it took the Sherwin-Williams case (thanks to USC's Alan Shapiro) to make an obvious point. And the Big Four reaction? Something like - Sherwin Williams lost for other reasons? Complete and total dorks but they still beat the tax authorities? Something wrong in transfer pricing enforcement.
BTW - the domestic play is small potatoes compared to a new international play when WalMart et al. source goods from China. Google over at Angrybear for Wal Mart and you'll se my post on this (I think I give Max Sawicky a big hat tip).
Michael Perelman said...
I could not find your angrybear post. I am a big fan of the Johnston book.
Michael - just provided links to two AB posts on this in my follow-up post here.
Walmart is 'old money'. Of course they know how to avoid taxes, and even paying their own employees!
It's is not so much that WalMart, or any other corporation, knows how to avoid taxation. More to the point, as the WSJ article makes clear, the Treasury Dept and the Atty Generals' offices are obviously trying hard not to see what's going on. The comment from the Ernst and Young execs make it perfectly clear that they know that they are treading on very thin ice and they want know spot light on their deception. It's little more than an absence of oversight by the appropriate regulatory authorities that is at play in this situation. No doubt that upopn retirement, or a change of administration, those same regulators will become executives in thosee very same companies that benefit from their lack of zeal in carrying out their responsibilities.
Whew! Jack lays a major smack down on this White House. AND he offers a possible answer to why the IRS Exam economists can't blow the lid off this bogus transfer pricing manipulation. Maybe their hands are tied?
I'm not too sure that I'd limit the interference to the current Administration. It has been all too obvious that each branch of government, regardless of the party in power or the group making up the Executive Branch, has done as little as possible to control the most flagrant abuse of the tax codes. I'm not an accountant, so I can't list for you the many variations on that theme, but it's getting boring to read about the "discovery" of yet new and more fanciful ways to avert corporate America's tax responsibilities.
The many issues raised on this site and others of similar inclinations continuously find at their core a lack of good government. Every effort is made to protect wealth at the expense of working Americans while at the same time even the most minimal benefit to those workers and citizens continues to be attacked as profligate. We keep coming back to the same point, our elected representatives in the Congress and the White House have a very different agenda from that of the mass of the population. As has often been noted, democracy is flawed. We get government that is representative of the lowest common denominator. This won't change until the wage earner learns to vote his/her own economic self interest instead of their fears and bigotries. When Charlie Rangel, Rep from Harlem, states that he's learned something from Henry Paulson concerning the need to reduce corporate tax levels, we're in deep dung. It's not just Bush.
His Administration simply lacks finesse.
The involvement or not of government aside, the macroeconomic picture for Wal-Mart looks dismal. Even with Wal-Mart's sneaky moves to reduce taxes, it looks like their growth figures are lagging. One can't help but wonder if it is their own doing?? Proof that it might not pay to run your employees ragged... or hide out in a tax shelter.
Time to face the music?
http://money.cnn.com/2007/10/23/news/companies/walmart/?postversion=2007102316
"Since Lee Scott took over as Wal-Mart CEO in January 2000, the stock [is down] 5 percent."
Ziiiing.
The article goes on to point out that Target is, well, more on target... "... versus a 104 percent gain in Target," J.P. Morgan analyst Charles Grom wrote in a note to clients Monday."
I wonder what kind of tax practices Target employs. Ethical, maybe?
how can there not be always available 'loopholes' and schemes when corp. taxes are determined by an accounting of transfers as though they are 'arms length'. Failure to make use of a unitary or combined method which brings in affiliated entities pretty much guarantees outcomes such as posted and can be expected to continue so long as capital is in control.
jan1ce,
Could it be that Wal-Mart has been more impacted by what has been a stagnant/declining working class income and weaker than officially portrayed post-2001 U.S. economy?
Other hand, Eliot Spitzer would not, IMO, be considered a 'working class hero' but apparently has been trying to correct the above mentioned.
Clip from the hardly liberal New York Sun, 2/28/07:
The term "loophole" implies a tax provision that can be exploited to produce results the law never intended. That might fit a few of Mr. Spitzer's proposals — such as eliminating Real Estate Investment Trusts as tax shelters. But it's a real stretch for Mr. Spitzer to apply the loophole designation to a provision of tax law that was specifically designed to encourage economic growth by limiting taxes on New York headquartered companies. That's the case with the biggest of the governor's proposed changes, which would raise $215 million a year from large, multistate firms.
The tax provision in question concerns the treatment of income generated by dealings between New York companies and their out-of-state subsidiaries and related companies. Current state law allows parent firms to avoid being taxed on the income of their subsidiaries if they can demonstrate that their "intercorporate" transactions are conducted strictly at arms-length while paying the subsidiaries fair prices for their products and services.
Corporate tax planners — whose job is to legally minimize what their employers pay — have tried to stretch this combined reporting exception by using subsidiary transactions to move profits from New York to less heavily taxed jurisdictions. But New York State has blocked or outlawed flagrant tax avoidance schemes, such as those attributing income earned here to trademarks owned by Delaware holding companies.
The raison d'etre of tax attorneys and accountants is to minimize the tax paid by corporations and the rich by whatever means necessary so long as the said means are at least arguably within the law. A fun book to read about such goings-on in Canada is Behind Close Doors (1988) by Canadian journalist Linda McQuaig.
Note McQuaig's book isn't so much about the doings of tax attorneys and accountants in Canada as it is about the post-war political struggles about the tax system in Canada. The point about the attorneys &c. comes in along the way.


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SIGLENT began developing digital oscilloscopes in 2002. After 15 years of research and development, our products include digital oscilloscopes, isolated handheld oscilloscopes, function/arbitrary waveform generators, DC power supplies, digital multi-meters, spectrum analyzers and other general test instruments. In 2005 SIGLENT produced the ADS 7000 series digital oscilloscope. From that point on our annual growth has been 50% or more every year. We're proud to announce today that SIGLENT represents — The Best Value in Electronic Test & Measurement.
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Metroid a FPA, not a FPS
by Billy Berghammer - February 23, 2001, 6:19 pm PST
Source: The cube that's IGN
After people were having fits of rage last week with the report of Metroid becoming a FPS. The story deepens...
Reports from IGN Cube say that Metroid is not a first person shooter, but a first person adventure.
What does this mean per say?
Metroid isn't exactly what many readers think. It's not a shooter so much, say sources, as it is an adventure in first-person view -- an FPA if you will -- and not entirely at that either. Retro Studios is working to retain the true feeling of the Metroid license in first-person 3D. That means that the main character will still have the abilities that Samus remains famous for -- everything from the option to upgrade armor and weaponry to special attacks, spins, rolls, grappling hook features, and more. The game's design allows for an optional third-person view to take advantage of these features when the situation calls for it. It is believed that the third-person view is not something that can be toggled by the player, but rather is executed automatically depending on the area and task in the game.
Retro has allegedly been devoting a good amount of its programming resources to creating a balanced level of primary first-person adventure play and third-person camera mechanics where necessary. It is an ambitious endeavor, the possible upstart of a branched out genre, and if it's a successful attempt it's bound to be copied by others in the future.
"I think [the Metroid team] has a good chance of skipping by some of the pitfalls of the FPS genre," a source told us under the condition of anonymity. "They've got some really innovative ideas for jumping, targeting, movement, and camera."
Personally, I think this is really good news. It's an interesting way of looking at bringing Metroid to the next level. At least we'll get 3rd person view, even if it's automatic. I think it's time to wait and see what Retro can cook up without commiting Hari Kari. Metroid's coming...that's good enough for me.
Metroid Prime [GC]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


We recently attended the Kenner Business Association luncheon where Jefferson Parish President Mike Yenni delivered the State of the Parish address and was very encouraged by what I heard.
Job growth was the principle topic and I am happy to report that there are several businesses entering into and growing throughout Jefferson Parish. A new $25 million Carmax facility in Kenner, Ochsner Hospital's expansion of their Jefferson Hwy. campus and their new facility currently being constructed will add nearly 4000 new jobs to the area. TriWest Healthcare, French America Line and the Dyno Nobel plant are all now open and have created jobs throughout the parish. Several businesses have expressed interest in the Avondale Shipyard location which will help revitalize the Westwego, Avondale area further.
On the all important infrastructure front, the new drainage projects are 90% complete and are projected to reduce homeowners flood insurance premiums. Roughly 2400 streets have been repaired and phase 3 of the lakefront levee protection project is beginning. The new Jefferson Parish flood maps will be accepted early this fall which should result in thousands of homes being re-categorized into preferred or improved flood zone, further saving homeowners money.
Jefferson Parish is currently home to 433,000 people who enjoy her vast residential, business, recreational and educational amenities. Home buyers are flocking to purchase homes here faster than surrounding parishes. Locally, home sales have increased year to date and homes are selling at a faster pace, in some cases as quickly as a few days, making this an ideal time to sell your home.
Interest rates remain historically low prompting buyers to purchase throughout the parish, taking advantage of lower tax rates than nearby areas.
With all of this activity buyers will face stiff competition. Should you find yourself in the market to buy or sell, I invite you to visit my interactive website where you can create a private page, search for every home listed for sale and save your favorites so you'll never miss out on your dream home!
As always, an experienced Realty Executives NOLA Realtor can help you buy, sell, lease or invest here in Louisiana or refer you to an associate in the US and 23 countries around the world.


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I am very happy to learn @SSwarper today, which I think is very useful to give us a clean brain.
I played this function immediately.
Interestingly, the anatSS file was not as good as the anatS file. Specially, the anatSS file was left with a slight border (residual skull) around the brain. The anatS file is perfect.
Although I think the anatQQ file is reasonably nice, it confuse me why the anatSS file do not look good as the anatS file.


People with defined contribution pension savings will no longer have to worry about their pension savings being taxed at 55% on death.
The Chancellor today (Monday 29 September) announced that from April 2015 individuals will have the freedom to pass on their unused defined contribution pension to any nominated beneficiary when they die, rather than paying the 55% tax charge which currently applies to pensions passed on at death.
Around 320,000 people retire each year with defined contribution pension savings; these people will no longer have to worry about their pension savings being taxed at 55% on death.
Find out more about how the new pensions system will work and what it means for you - read our eight things to know about the new system.
From next year, individuals with a drawdown arrangement or with uncrystallised pension funds will be able to nominate a beneficiary to pass their pension to if they die.
If the individual dies before they reach the age of 75, they will be able to give their remaining defined contribution pension to anyone as a lump sum completely tax free, if it is in a drawdown account or uncrystallised.
The person receiving the pension will pay no tax on the money they withdraw from that pension, whether it is taken as a single lump sum, or accessed through drawdown.
Anyone who dies with a drawdown arrangement or with uncrystallised pension funds at or over the age of 75 will also be able to nominate a beneficiary to pass their pension to.
The nominated beneficiary will be able to access the pension funds flexibly, at any age, and pay tax at their marginal rate of income tax.
There are no restrictions on how much of the pension fund the beneficiary can withdraw at any one time. There will also be an option to receive the pension as a lump sum payment, subject to a tax charge of 45%.
This system replaces the current 55% tax charge which the government committed to reviewing as part of the Freedom and Choice in Pensions consultation and has the potential to benefit all those with some form of defined contribution pension savings – that is 12 million people in the UK.
At Budget 2014, the government announced a fundamental change to how people can access their pension.
From April 2015, around 320,000 individuals retiring each year with defined contribution pension savings will be able to access them as they wish, subject to their marginal rate of tax.
The tax free pension commencement lump sum (usually 25% of an individual's pot) will continue to be available.
This policy will be scored at the Autumn Statement and is expected to cost around £150 million per annum.
The individual can also pass their defined contribution pension to a dependant (which includes their spouse/civil partner or child under the age of 23), who can then draw down on it at their marginal rate of tax.
Where the individual dies under the age of 75 and the defined contribution pension has not been touched, it can be paid out as a lump sum completely tax free (up to the lifetime allowance).
Under the new system, anyone who dies below aged 75 will be able to give their remaining defined contribution pension to anyone completely tax free, whether it is in a drawdown account or untouched as long as it is paid out in lump sums or is taken through a flexi access drawdown account. This does not apply to annuities or scheme pensions.
Those aged 75 or over when they die will be able to pass their defined contribution pension to any beneficiary who will then be able to draw down on it at their marginal rate of income tax.
This tax cut will apply to all payments made after April 2015.
Beneficiaries will also have the option of receiving the pension as a lump sum payment, subject to a tax charge of 45% (if the deceased was over 75). The Government intends to also make lump-sum payments subject to tax at the marginal rate (not a flat rate charge of 45%). It will engage with pension industry in order to put this regime in place for 2016-17.
The Lifetime Allowance (currently £1.25m) still applies.


List of hotels in the city of Bandung complete with addresses and phone numbers.
Hilton Hotel is a 5 star hotel that has not been too long existed in the city by presenting a modern-minimalist design makes the hotel seem luxurious, comfortable and trendy.
A 4 star hotel located close to the Bandung station, right in front of the Pakuan building one of the heritage building in Bandung. Location The hotel can be said to be fairly strategic. Read more..
Located in the Sumatra Road, city of Bandung, Hotel Hyatt Regency is located adjacent to the road Cihampelas which is one of the shopping center of city.
Jalan Dago regarded as the main way for tourism in the city, along this path we find many factory outlet / FO, restaurant and other shopping places. Holiday in located in the heart of Dagi street. Read more..


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using Mod.Exceptions;
using Photon;

namespace Mod.Commands
{
    public class CommandRoom : Command
    {
        public override string CommandName => "room";

        public override void Execute(string[] args)
        {
            if (args.Length < 1)
                throw new CommandArgumentException(CommandName, "/room [max/time/visible/roomttl/playerttl]");

            int num;
            var room = PhotonNetwork.Room;
            if (room == null)
            {
                Shelter.Chat.System("You can call this command only in a multiplayer lobby.");
                return;
            }

            switch (args[0].ToLower())
            {
                case "players":
                case "max":
                    if (args.Length < 2 || !int.TryParse(args[1], out num))
                        throw new CommandArgumentException(CommandName, "/room max [number]");

                    room.MaxPlayers = num;
                    Shelter.Chat.System("Max player changed to " + num + ".");
                    break;

                case "add":
                case "time":
                    Match match = Regex.Match(args[1], @"([0-9]+)(\w*)");
                    if (!match.Success)
                        throw new CommandArgumentException(CommandName, "/room time [number][s/m/h]");

                    num = match.Groups[1].Value.ToInt();

                    switch (match.Groups[1].Value.ToLower())
                    {
                        default:
                            GameManager.instance.AddTime(num * 60);
                            Shelter.Chat.System("You added {0} minutes to the clock.", num);
                            break;

                        case "s":
                        case "second":
                        case "seconds":
                            GameManager.instance.AddTime(num);
                            Shelter.Chat.System("You added {0} seconds to the clock.", num);
                            break;

                        case "h":
                        case "hour":
                        case "hours":
                            GameManager.instance.AddTime(num * 3600);
                            Shelter.Chat.System("You added {0} hours to the clock.", num);
                            break;
                    }

                    break;

                case "open":
                case "close":
                case "closed":
                    room.IsOpen = !room.IsOpen;
                    Shelter.Chat.System("The room is now {0}.", room.IsOpen ? "open" : "closed");
                    break;

                case "hide":
                case "hidden":
                case "visible":
                    room.IsVisible = !room.IsVisible;
                    Shelter.Chat.System("The room is now {0}.", room.IsVisible ? "visible" : "invisible");
                    break;

                case "ttl":
                case "roomttl":
                    if (Player.Self.ID != 1)
                    {
                        Shelter.Chat.System("You need to be the owner of the room to change the TTL");
                        return;
                    }

                    if (args.Length < 2 || !int.TryParse(args[1], out num))
                        throw new CommandArgumentException(CommandName, "/room ttl [number in s]");

                    room.RoomTTL = num;
                    Shelter.Chat.System("Room will decay {0} seconds after all player left.", num);
                    break;

                case "playerttl":
                    if (Player.Self.ID != 1)
                    {
                        Shelter.Chat.System("You need to be the owner of the room to change the TTL");
                        return;
                    }

                    if (args.Length < 2 || !int.TryParse(args[1], out num))
                        throw new CommandArgumentException(CommandName, "/room playerttl [number in s]");

                    room.PlayerTTL = num;
                    Shelter.Chat.System("Player instance will decay {0} seconds after the player left.", num);
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Author: Isabelle Guyon Source: [UCI](http://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/madelon) Please cite: Isabelle Guyon, Steve R. Gunn, Asa Ben-Hur, Gideon Dror, 2004. Result analysis of the NIPS 2003 feature selection challenge. #### Abstract: MADELON is an artificial dataset, which was part of the NIPS 2003 feature selection challenge. This is a two-class classification problem with continuous input variables. The difficulty is that the problem is multivariate and highly non-linear. #### Source: Isabelle Guyon Clopinet 955 Creston Road Berkeley, CA 90708 isabelle '@' clopinet.com #### Data Set Information: MADELON is an artificial dataset containing data points grouped in 32 clusters placed on the vertices of a five-dimensional hypercube and randomly labeled +1 or -1. The five dimensions constitute 5 informative features. 15 linear combinations of those features were added to form a set of 20 (redundant) informative features. Based on those 20 features one must separate the examples into the 2 classes (corresponding to the +-1 labels). It was added a number of distractor feature called 'probes' having no predictive power. The order of the features and patterns were randomized. This dataset is one of five datasets used in the NIPS 2003 feature selection challenge. The original data was split into training, validation and test set. Target values are provided only for two first sets (not for the test set). So, this dataset version contains all the examples from training and validation partitions. There is no attribute information provided to avoid biasing the feature selection process. #### Relevant Papers: The best challenge entrants wrote papers collected in the book: Isabelle Guyon, Steve Gunn, Masoud Nikravesh, Lofti Zadeh (Eds.), Feature Extraction, Foundations and Applications. Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing. Physica-Verlag, Springer. Isabelle Guyon, et al, 2007. Competitive baseline methods set new standards for the NIPS 2003 feature selection benchmark. Pattern Recognition Letters 28 (2007) 1438–1444. Isabelle Guyon, et al. 2006. Feature selection with the CLOP package. Technical Report.


Mark Zuckerberg opened his "trip to the nation" in January of this year, and went to the United States every state, in-depth understanding of those who are in the United States, "the New York Times" online edition today wrote that Facebook CEO Mark & middot; Regular use of Facebook users bit by bit life, for the future direction of Facebook to find inspiration.
In March of this year, Mark & middot; Zuckerberg visited the church of the Emmanuel Afro-American Methodist Church in Charleston, South Carolina, where a white supremacist had killed several people there. Last month, he went to Dayton, Ohio, to visit a local rehabilitation center opiate addicts.
One afternoon, Zuckerberg met Jed Gant in Blanchardville, Wisconsin. Over the past few decades, Gantt's family had been working on a farm field. These are Zuckerberg in this year's "National Highway Tour" in the stay of the site. His goal is to go to every state in the United States, in-depth understanding of the regular use of Facebook users bit by bit life.
In 2014, is the sophomore of Zuckerberg from Harvard University dropped out, full of Facebook. On Thursday, he was awarded an honorary doctorate from Harvard University. Zuckerberg in the day of graduation speech to discuss their own lives and mutual understanding of people. Zuckerberg says he is increasingly aware that churches, civic centers and other organized meeting venues are an important part of building and maintaining a strong community awareness.
Zuckerberg publicly denies that he is using this activity as a platform for campaigning public office. He said that these are just a way for him to gain a broader view of the way to learn how to manage Facebook and Chan Zuckerberg Initiative & mdash; & mdash; this is a by Zuckerberg and wife Priscilla & middot; Chen (Priscilla Chan ) To create a limited liability company, he plans to own life accumulated in the vast majority of wealth through the company donated to the community.
So far, Zuckerberg has traveled half of the United States, including several states he had been to. According to informed sources, this activity has made Zuckerberg into deep self-reflection, especially in Facebook's responsibility and their role in the user's life on the more confused when the reflection of this change Is more important, after all, countless people now rely on Facebook to get news and information.
These are part of Zuckerberg's practice of accepting real education. Zuckerberg grew up in the suburbs of New York, where their families belonged to the middle class and lived with food and clothing, and later admitted to Harvard University, and finally went to Silicon Valley to work hard at the age of 23 to become a billionaire This year is only 33 years old).
What happened recently forced Zuckerberg to come out of the bubble in Silicon Valley. Last year, after the US presidential election, Facebook was criticized for becoming a breeding ground for fake news, and fake news influenced US voters' polls. People also posted on the Facebook killing video, which Facebook distributed in the content of the responsibility put forward a lot of questions.
Before the start of the American road trip, Zuckerberg had visited many other countries in 2015 and 2016. In January of this year, he said on Facebook that he wanted to talk to more people about how they "live, work and think about the future & rdquo ;. Zuckerberg spent 10 years in Silicon Valley to create a market value of 438 billion US dollars of the company, friends say Zuckerberg is to make up for his business in the process of losing things.
In April this year, Zuckerberg came to Ashley & middot; Ashley Gant (Ashley Gant) in Wisconsin cattle farms, 27-year-old Gant said: "I think he is full of curiosity, want to go all before Have not been to the place. "She answered Zuckerberg's question about the daily life of the farm.
Zuckerberg's road trip began in January this year, the first stop is Texas, he attended both in the Dallas court a Facebook trial, but also participated in private activities, such as his first ride The Zuckerberg rented a private jet, accompanied by several employees of the Facebook and Chan Zuckerberg Initiative.
In February, Zuckerberg visited the Oculus Virtual Realization team in Washington. A week later, he drove with his wife on the road in the southern states. In Alabama, he visited the shrimp ship; in Mississippi, he went to a blues club. For security reasons, Facebook sometimes only a few hours in advance to inform the owner of each visit.
In the church of the Emmanuel Afro-American Methodist Church, which had been attacked by white supremacists, Zuckerberg talked about the church's sense of community and the importance of joining the people after the tragedy. In March, at the South Carolina School of Arts and Humanities, Zuckerberg held talks with a dozen students to discuss multiculturalism and art and listen to the concerns of ethnic minority students who grew up in the white community.
In the trip to Dayton, Zuckerberg visited the opiate addicts of a local rehabilitation center. In a spacious room, they sat around the table and talked to Zuckerberg about how drug abuse destroyed their lives and lost their sense of direction.
Zuckerberg apparently learned something from these forums. "The mission is a feeling that makes us a part of something more powerful than our own," he said at Harvard's graduation ceremony. "This feeling is what we need and gives us the power to move forward." In order to make the community progress, our generation is facing a difficult challenge - not only to create new jobs, but also to create a new sense of mission. "Zuckerberg wearing a suit that day, with a light blue tie, rather than wearing a gray t-shirt and jeans.
Facebook is in the front, Wechat is in the back, and the back is in the front.


text:
FOCAC summit: Nigeria-China relations to explore new opportunities
Chinese Ambassador on FOCAC summit.
The Chinese Government has said that the forthcoming Forum on China Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) Summit would bring new opportunities to strengthen ties between Nigeria and China.
The summit will hold from Sept. 3 to Sept. 4 in Beijing.
Fielding questions from newsmen in Abuja on Friday, Chinese Ambassador to Nigeria, Zhou Pingjian said that the Nigerian Government had long confirmed its participation in the summit.
Zhou said that the Nigerian delegation, drawn from various sectors, showed the commitment of the government to the relationship shared by both countries.
"After the summit, on Sept. 5, there is going to be very important bilateral meetings; the Chinese President and the Chinese Premier will meet with President Buhari on separate occasions.
"President Buhari attended the last event in Johannesburg in 2015 and he was the first African Head of State who visited China after the summit.
"Our two sides reached an important consensus at the highest levels and since then, China and Nigeria cooperation has entered a new phase of rapid development.
"From experience and based on what we have done and looking to the summit, I believe the Beijing FOCAC summit will again give new impetus and new opportunity for our bilateral relations to benefit our peoples."
He further added that the summit would also develop strategies that would guide future China-Africa relations.
"There are going to be two outcome documents; the Beijing Declaration towards an even stronger China-Africa community.
"This political document will set strategic guidelines towards the development of China-Africa relations and reflect the consensus of China and Africa on major issues.
"The summit will also review and adopt the FOCAC Beijing action plan which will lay out new approaches and deliverables on enhancing win-win cooperation between the two sides."
He said that 52 African countries and the African Union Commission would be in attendance.
He added that the theme of the 2018 FOCAC summit is "China and Africa: Towards an even stronger community with a shared future through win-win cooperation".
The summit is themed "China and Africa: toward an even stronger community with a shared future through win-win cooperation."
Apart from African leaders, representatives of related regional organizations in Africa and international organizations will also participate in relevant activities of the summit.
Objectives of FOCAC include equal consultation, enhancing understanding, expanding consensus, strengthening friendship and promoting cooperation between African countries and China.
The FOCAC follow-up mechanisms are built at three levels: The Ministerial Conference is held every three years; the Senior Officials Follow-up Meeting and the Senior Officials Preparatory Meeting for the Ministerial Conference are held respectively in the year and a few days before the Ministerial Conference is held.
Why Abia Poly goes online – Rector


NWUK member Andrew Dobell is able to do photography, Art, or Photo-Art commissions for book covers and he can accommodate most budgets.
Andrew says: "Any interested writers need only contact me through art@andrewdobell.co.uk and we'll see what we can arrange. I love combining Photography with Art to create images that are a little different from the norm and are very usable on book covers."


text:
https://www.wsj.com/articles/tsmc-expects-auto-chip-shortage-to-abate-this-quarter-11626347114
TSMC Expects Auto-Chip Shortage to Abate This Quarter
A dearth of semiconductors has stymied manufacturing activity in the auto industry
A global chip shortage is affecting how quickly we can drive a car off the lot or buy a new laptop. WSJ visits a fabrication plant in Singapore to see the complex process of chip making and how one manufacturer is trying to overcome the shortage. Photo: Edwin Cheng for The Wall Street Journal
By Stephanie Yang
and Yang Jie
July 15, 2021 7:05 am ET
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., the world's largest contract chip maker, said it expects the chip shortage that has hampered car makers to start easing in the next few months after it ramped up its production of auto chips.
The company is on track to increase output of microcontrollers used in cars by about 60% this year compared with last, Chief Executive C.C. Wei said in an earnings call on Thursday. However, he said, the broader semiconductor shortage could persist until 2022.


Thread: Anyone own a Swiftech MP650?
I just got the MP650 in the mail and I noticed it doesn't fit with my tubing (3/8ID 1/2OD). Am I supposed to buy barbs to connect it? Also, I noticed a red dial on the pump and the instruction manual doesn't say what it's for. I think the options are 2, 2.5, 3 and 4. Is that like a voltage regulator? This is my first water system so I'm not too knowledgable yet.
Also... I got a Sapphire X850XT. What's the safest way to remove the heatsink. Should I clean it with alcohol before I put the water block on?
Re: Anyone own a Swiftech MP650?
That's funny, I don't have any sort of knob on my MCP650 pump. Can you take a photo of it and post? As to the barbs, one should be sized for 1'2"OD tubing (inlet) and the other should be sized for 5/8"OD tubing (outlet to reservoir) If you check out the site they have a pretty good installation manual that should get you set up.
When removing the old heatsink of the ATI VPU, carefully remove it and then clean the chipset with isopropyl alcohol or some sort of similar compound to remove the old interface material. Before installing the waterblock, make sure to include a coating of a good TIM to replace the old stuff you're removing. Arctic Silver 5 is still about the best but there are several that will work well. Without the TIM, the waterblock won't come close to working at its peak performance levels.
There aren't any knobs. It looks exactly like the photo on the website. Where exactly is this manual? So I want 5/8" OD tubing running between the outlet and the resevoir? All the rest of the tubing is 1/2" right? What do you have that little red dial set to? The options are 1-5 and it came set to 2.
Do I just put the barbs in the holes there?


The Illinois Valley Fire District says one person is dead and two others are injured following a rollover crash on Highway 199 in Cave Junction.
UPDATE: Preliminary investigation revealed that a white 1993 Chevy S10 Blazer, operated by 89-year-old Evelyn Parmerlee of Cave Junction, was traveling south on Hwy 199. Parmerlee tried to turn left onto Pinewood Way when she crashed head-on with a brown 1988 Ford Bronco II, operated by 54-year-old Michael Finley II, also of Cave Junction.
Parmerlee suffered fatal injuries and was pronounced deceased on scene.
Finley and his passenger, 44-year-old Rachel Lawson of Cave Junction were transported by AMR ambulance to Three Rivers Medical Center with serious injuries.
UPDATE: The Illinois Valley Fire District says one person is dead and two others are injured following a rollover crash on Highway 199 in Cave Junction.
Crews say the crash happened around 3 p.m. on HWY 199 and Pinewood Way.
They say AMR transported two patients to Asante Three Rivers Medical Center. One person was pronounced dead at the scene.
HWY 199 was closed for about three and a half hours. Oregon State Police and the Oregon Department of Transportation were all on the scene.
UPDATE: A detour has been set up north and south of the crash site at Hwy 199 milepost 30.5, using Rockydale and Waldo Roads.
ODOT says that emergency crews are still working on the roll-over crash, which involves multiple patients. The closure may be lengthy due to a crash investigation.
INITIAL REPORT: Highway 199 is closed at the intersection with Caves Highway following a roll-over crash, according to the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT).
The crash occurred around milepost 29, ODOT said. Life Flight has been activated. Drivers should expect delays and congestion in the area.
This is a developing story, and NewsWatch 12 will update this article with more details as they emerge.


The ToyMan Collector Show kicks off another year in St. Louis on Sunday, January 13.
With over 180 dealer tables, you never know what Star Wars, GI Joe, or Transformers items you might find, and often at great prices. For more details, click on the image above.
All of us at Yakface.com would like to wish you, your families and our friends and affiliates a Merry Christmas.
We would like to send out our heart felt condolences to the families affected by today's senseless tragedy in Newtown, Connecticut. Take the time today to consider what is really important to you and how it can all be gone in the blink of an eye.
We spotlight the awesome collection of forum member Darth Eddie this evening, who has so many figures it boggles the mind. Even an opener like myself enjoys seeing pics like his, and I think you will too. Check out his impressive collection after the jump!
The ToyMan Collector Show is back in St. Louis on Sunday, December 9 – just in time for Christmas!
Tonight we spotlight the awesome collection of forum member MarkVader72 – he has a great setup filled with numerous carded vintage gems, alongside some very cool assorted items spanning different Star Wars lines and years.
The ToyMan Collector Show is back in St. Louis on Sunday, November 4. With over 180 dealer tables, you never know what Star Wars, GI Joe, or Transformers items you might find, and often at great prices. For more details, click on the image above.
Target this week is holding a Buy One, Get One 50% Off sale on all Hasbro Star Wars merchandise. You can also find separate sales on Fighter Pods Sets and the Darth Maul Returns Battle Pack for $17.99.
Just when I thought it was safe to take a break and focus on other priorities, the customizers in our forums have shown why this aspect of the hobby is just as fun as it's ever been.
First off, you have to check out what Stronox has just completed – a different, and amazing take on the new Dathomir Nightsister figure – check it out, and more right here!
Next, we spotlight the latest masterpiece by Fritzkrieg – a Republic Commando Gunship Crewman!
Forum member super360 also returns with a fantastic update, a custom Aayla Secura donning Jedi combat armor, including some great WIP pics!
Last but not least, one of our favorite customizers, Darth Daddy, has revealed some insanely awesome Clone Wars Nightsisters – be sure to check them out as well!


Whether you are spinning a bonus prize wheel or solving a puzzle, the bonus levels always offer super huge payouts to lucky winners. If you want it activated, you have to wait for a Wild to show up on reels 2, 3 or 4. On Slots Up, you can check the list of the trustworthy Rival casinos prepared by our team and pick any of them to play Alien Spinvasion gaming slot there! And some of the most popular video slots you can currently find on our website include: London All the action from the casino floor: Collect 3 or more Bonus symbols to trigger both bonus game round and free spins feature. This Playtech Slot will show you a plethora of blossoms, so that you will dream of spring and of geishas amid the blossoms. Located on the Capitol Mall, Ambrosia at is a convenient spot for fresh made soups, salads and sandwiches made from local and seasonal products. RTG slots for fun only make up the world where you immerse yourself into the atmosphere of the hazard and entertainment. Deine E-Mail-Adresse wird nicht veröffentlicht. New Tales of Egypt. Totally free Deuces Wild video poker Net Entertainment. Rabbit in the Hat. Play Great Adventure free video slot game from EGT without the need to register, download or install anything. There are 10 pay lines and 5 reels. Besides, you have a chance play video slots for free online! Bet 5 Slot Themes Money. Lady of the Moon. Enjoy casino slot machines and great gaming experience.


text:
package org.springframework.mail;

import java.util.Date;

/**
 * This is a common interface for mail messages, allowing a user to set key
 * values required in assembling a mail message, without needing to know if
 * the underlying message is a simple text message or a more sophisticated
 * MIME message.
 *
 * <p>Implemented by both SimpleMailMessage and MimeMessageHelper,
 * to let message population code interact with a simple message or a
 * MIME message through a common interface.
 *
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @since 1.1.5
 * @see SimpleMailMessage
 * @see org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper
 */
public interface MailMessage {

	void setFrom(String from) throws MailParseException;

	void setReplyTo(String replyTo) throws MailParseException;

	void setTo(String to) throws MailParseException;

	void setTo(String... to) throws MailParseException;

	void setCc(String cc) throws MailParseException;

	void setCc(String... cc) throws MailParseException;

	void setBcc(String bcc) throws MailParseException;

	void setBcc(String... bcc) throws MailParseException;

	void setSentDate(Date sentDate) throws MailParseException;

	void setSubject(String subject) throws MailParseException;

	void setText(String text) throws MailParseException;

}


text:
Q: How to open document that contains AutoOpen macro with PowerShell? My current PowerShell script:
$document = "C:\\test.doc"
$word = new-object -comobject word.application
$word.Visible = $false
$word.DisplayAlerts = "wdAlertsNone"
$word.AutomationSecurity = "msoAutomationSecurityForceDisable"
$doc = $word.Documents.Open($document)
$word.ActivePrinter = "\\http://ptr-server:631\pdf-printer"
$background = $false
$doc.PrintOut([ref]$background)
$doc.close([ref]$false)
$word.quit()

But it results in an alert box The macros in this project are disabled. Please refer to the online help or documentation of the host application to determine how to enable macros.
How can I open the document without it running the AutoOpen macro or displaying any sort of dialog prompt?
Environment Details:

*

*Word 2003 SP3

*Windows Server 2003 R2 - Standard Edition - Service Pack 2

*Powershell Version 1.0

A: Turns out this is MUCH easier to do in VB.NET than in C# (which I never could figure out). But all you would need to do is create, say, a console application with a single routine. Here are the instructions:
Code
Imports word = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word
Module Module1
    Sub Main()
        Dim args() As String = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs
        Dim path = args(1)
        Dim printer = args(2)
        Dim wordApp As word.Application = New word.Application
        wordApp.WordBasic.DisableAutoMacros(1)
        wordApp.Visible = False
        Dim doc As word.Document = wordApp.Documents.Open(path)
        wordApp.ActivePrinter = printer
        Dim background As Object = False
        doc.PrintOut(background)
        doc.Close(False)
        wordApp.WordBasic.DisableAutoMacros(0)
        wordApp.Quit()
    End Sub
End Module

Steps to recreate solution:

*

*Open VS2008 and create a new Console
Application in VB.NET.

*Set a reference to Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word (version 11)

*Delete any code in Module1 and insert the code above.

*Save the project and name it "wordprinter". Build the project.

*Nav to the Release folder and grab the "wordprinter.exe" and put it anywhere you like. This will be your $wordprinterpath.

*Note the paths to your document and printer. This will be your $doc and $printer, respectively.

*Enter the following in PS:

        $wordprinterpath = "C:\\path\\wordprinter.exe"
        $doc ="""C:\\Users\\me\\Documents\\Your doc.doc"""
        $printer = "\\http://ptr-server:631\pdf-printer"
        Invoke-Expression "$wordprinterpath $doc $printer" | out-Null
You should be good to go after this. I haven't tested the printing part of this, so that may need some work, but disabling of the auto-macros and opening the doc works.

A: The issue you're experencing is documented at KB-886633 (Nevermind that it is talking about Office for Mac - the same applies on PCs):

Additionally, if a macro tries to open
  a file that contains a macro, the
  attempt will fail if both of the
  following conditions are true:

*

*The Application.AutomationSecurity    property option is set to
  msoAutomationSecurityForceDisable.

*The attempt to open the file is made    through an Office API macro.
  This    includes macros that are
  written in    VBA, XLM in Excel, and
  WordBasic in    Word.

Both bullet points apply to your script.
The only way I know to get around it is to go old-school - with WordBasic - to disable all Auto Macros (AutoOpen, AutoExec, etc.). Insert $word.WordBasic.DisableAutoMacros right before $word.AutomationSecurity = "msoAutomationSecurityForceDisable". Note that there is no equivalant to this routine in VBA.

A: To disable the macros in C# I finally settled on the following and it seems to work for me..
wordApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.Application();
wordApp.Application.AutomationSecurity = MsoAutomationSecurity.msoAutomationSecurityForceDisable;

Now I would love to be able to trigger a compile check (without sendkeys) but that is another question ;)

A: I do not know if this will work, just an idea: Could you download and use Wordviewer? This does not execute macros, so probably would not show a warning. However, I do not know if it can be called via API.

A: I tried a few different things ...
You're supposed to be able to use $word.WordBasic.DisableAutoMacros(1) but PowerShell is miserable at COM, because you can't (really) cast to interfaces in PowerShell, and so, casting a COM object to the IDispatch interface that you need seems hopeless, and I can't see a way to do this. Brandon (BSonPosh) and I just gave up on this for a networking interface he was trying to use and resorted to Add-Type to embed some C# to make the method call in his case.  That would most likely work here too...
What WOULD work (I am sure) is automating clicking on the button. You can use System.Windows.UIAutomation or the PowerShell WASP module to do that pretty simply.

A: Thanks for the pointers above. I was able to resolve this issue even in C# using the new dynamic feature of .NET 4. All I did was this:
var word = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.Application();
word.WordBasic.DisableAutoMacros();

Obviously there is no intellisense support giving a hint for DisableAutoMacros() since WordBasic is dynamic. But this worked for me; all the error messages that popped up because of some error in some macro disappeared.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Rose Joint Venture
Mineral Holdings
Prospect Generator
Sales and Syndication
Engineering Planning
Ross Davis
Managing Principal
Ross Davis graduated from the University of Texas in 1980 with a B.S. in Geology and then received an MBA at the University of Texas in 1982. He has headed the company's oil and gas division in Houston and has been responsible for numerous significant oil and gas discoveries during his career resulting in gross reserves in excess of 10,000,000 bbls of oil and 50 bcf of gas in East and Southeast Texas. He also leads the company's venture investments and participates in the development of exploration plans for company's mineral holdings in West Texas.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
Major Field discoveries for Davis generated prospects
G.S. Committee Board
SIPES Director
WOTT Director
CIVIL AFFILIATIONS:
Holocaust Museum Former Director
Jewish Federation of Houston
Congregation for Reform Judaism
Successful in Real Estate, Oil & Gas
and Venture Capital since 1945.
1500 McGowen, Suite 200
info@davisholdingslp.com
© Copyright 2023 - Davis Holdings LP All Rights Reserved
Website Hosting by Houston Web Design and Hosting


We are aware to Product Key of Windows version in a better mode. A Product key is a combination of letters and alphabetical numbers that is used to authenticate in a genuine method. It gives license agreement to work operating system. Windows system works nicely using the genuine product key otherwise, we are considered as the victim of pirate version use.
If windows 8 users have purchased pre-installed windows 8 laptop or desktop, they find a yellow sticker on the back side of the system. On this sticker, product key of Windows 8 is written. This key is also found on recovery CD or DVD of New Windows Laptop or Desktop.
Sometimes, the windows 8 key might be lost. It is possible when the yellow sticker is lost and the recovery disc sticker is damaged anyhow. At this time, the big challenge for windows user is how hr will re-install windows OS with a genuine product key. But, for solving this problem, tips are being presented to retrieve the genuine product key.
Microsoft recommends that user can e-mail or call the system manufacturer or Microsoft support team.
If pre-installed windows 8 is running yet, then a better option is to run the utility tool named Magic Jelly Bean KeyFinder. It has the capacity to recover the current product key on hand simply along with Microsoft office product.


History rarely repeats itself, but it does rhyme.
Long before Justin Trudeau ever contemplated a life in politics, his father stoked the embers of Western alienation that would give rise to the Reform movement. Driven by a fiery hatred for the legacy of Pierre Elliott Trudeau, Reform MPs like Stephen Harper led the unified Conservative Party that governed Canada until Monday night.
Justin Trudeau turned the tables on Harper in the final weeks of the election campaign, but the groundwork for change was built meticulously over a period of years. Nowhere was this grassroots organizing more concentrated than British Columbia, where many voters carried the same bitterness toward Harper's government once felt by Albertans toward Pierre Trudeau.
When the election finally arrived, turnout in B.C. surged from 60.4 to 70.4 per cent, outpacing Alberta, Ontario and Quebec. That's what defeated the Conservative Party in B.C. -- not "strategic voting", but the appearance at polling stations of 471,397 citizens who were too young, not registered, or simply stayed home the last time. Together we elected the country's most eclectic mix of MPs, including 17 Liberals, 14 New Democrats, 10 Conservatives and one Green.
Like in other parts of the country, thousands of British Columbians worked not just with parties, but with comedians, musical acts, trade unions, First Nations leaders, news outlets, community groups, campus associations, environmental, civil liberties and other issue-driven organizations -- including Dogwood Initiative -- to encourage people to register and cast a ballot.
At the same time, the Conservatives' policy choices came back to haunt them.
This is the story of Dogwood Initiative's role in that much broader push to get local people involved in the political decisions that affect them. First I want to outline the significance of the Conservative collapse in B.C., which has so far been overlooked by national media. Next we can delve into the "strategic voting" narrative that dominated the campaign and look at the role of opinion polling. Finally we need to talk about the art and science of getting out the vote -- because that's what truly defeated Stephen Harper.
The map looked very different four years ago. In 2011 the federal Conservative Party won 853,272 votes in British Columbia, claiming 21 out of 36 seats and finishing second in 13 more. With overall turnout low, the Conservative share of the popular vote was 46 per cent. If you transpose those votes to the new riding boundaries, the Conservatives would have won 28 seats. What happened?
On Monday the Conservatives actually did a remarkable job in most parts of the country getting their base out to vote. Outside of B.C. the party experienced a net loss of just 85,669 votes compared to 2011. But here in B.C. the collapse was dire: a net loss of 149,075 votes, or 64 per cent of the national total. In the 19 ridings where Dogwood Initiative worked in this election, Conservative candidates lost 82,257 votes -- nearly as many as in the rest of the country put together. Swamped by the rising tide of voter turnout, the Conservative vote was diluted. They lost all but 10 seats out of 42.
Harper's defeat was also fuelled by his own policy choices. Significant among those was his party's determination to ram crude oil pipelines through B.C. without due process or local consent. In coastal ridings held by Tory incumbents, our polling found up to 44 per cent of people who had voted Conservative in 2011 disagreed with the government's approach on the oil tanker issue.
By my count, half the ridings in the province border on salt water. In those 21 coastal seats the Conservative vote dropped by 96,524 votes -- more than the net loss in the other nine provinces and three territories combined.
Many of these "Green Tories" have become Dogwood supporters, according to our internal surveys. That's part of the reason we focus on shared values and government policies, not partisan attacks. In the election we knew we had to keep our strategy simple: give out information and get people to the polls, but trust them to make their own decision at the ballot box.
We surveyed candidates across the province, built maps of past election results, and conducted riding-level polls on issues and voting intentions, publishing everything online for anyone who pledged to vote. We held seven live candidate debates, put up lawn signs and billboards, ran targeted radio and web ads, canvassed door to door and signed up voters by mobile phone at concerts and public events.
In between organizing 475 local events, our teams even found time to make this fun movie trailer-style recruitment video, viewed more than 30,000 times on Facebook.
We sent emails to 179,683 B.C. supporters throughout the campaign. As advance polling dates approached, 854 of our volunteers hit the phones. We had 42,551 live calls with voters to talk them through the identification requirements. On election day and the evening before, we sent 35,288 text message reminders.
In short, we did everything we could to get British Columbians fired up to cast their ballot. What we didn't do is tell anyone who they should vote for -- even when they asked.
Prime Minister-designate Justin Trudeau vowed again on Tuesday that 2015 will be the last election to be fought under our single member plurality system, popularly known as "first past the post." The question of how to make the voting system more fair and representative will be the subject of study and debate over the next 18 months. Whatever the outcome, I'm sure many of you -- as we do -- hope this is the last time a campaign is so dominated by talk of "strategic voting".
There are evidently many definitions of strategic voting, but at its core the exercise is based on blocking the candidate you don't want by voting for another candidate who is not your first choice. To do so at scale requires telling large numbers of people how to vote. In addition to being contrary to Dogwood's mandate as a nonpartisan, issue-focused group, research shows it simply doesn't work, and often is counterproductive.
Nonetheless at the national level a majority of voters clearly wanted Harper out, and for many that desired outcome trumped loyalty to whichever party might be their first choice.
All the opposition parties seized on this meme of strategic voting, cherry-picking national or regional polls, algorithmic poll aggregators, past election results or riding-level polling of varying quality to make the case that in one place or another, they were the best-positioned to defeat a Conservative. The media amplified this narrative, and it soon became clear that at the ground level, many "strategic voters" were deeply confused.
In Victoria, voter Jean Oliver was quoted on the CBC talking about her decision to vote strategically for the Liberals, because Justin Trudeau was the best-positioned to defeat Stephen Harper. The problem was that her local Liberal candidate, Cheryl Thomas, had dropped out of the race due to controversial comments on social media. Thomas's name remained on the ballot and she received 8,482 votes -- more than the party received in 2011 or a by-election in 2012.
In Vancouver Granville, strategic voter David Laing told the The Globe and Mail, "As a white male, I feel like I could certainly do a lot more to address the First Nations issues in our country. I'd love to vote for Jody," referring to Liberal candidate Jody Wilson-Raybould. "However, having her as the representative for my riding doesn't really mean much if Harper remains in power."
The quote belies a misunderstanding shared by many Canadians that we elect a Prime Minister, rather than one out of 338 Members of Parliament. If Mr. Laing followed the recommendation of Leadnow's Vote Together campaign in Vancouver Granville, then he would have voted for NDP candidate Mira Oreck -- who lost. Wilson-Raybould won by 9,181 votes as the Liberals rode a wave from coast to coast.
Indeed more than a million votes migrated from the NDP to Liberals as momentum built behind Trudeau. 34 per cent of respondents on a post-election poll conducted online in B.C. by Insights West said they supported the candidate in their riding who had the best chance of defeating a party they disliked. But did they?
It's difficult to quantify due to the practice in Canada of voting by secret ballot, and the inability of third-party campaigns to access the voters' list or place scrutineers at polls. In the end, every person goes behind a cardboard screen and votes their conscience, based on a complex blend of criteria. That brings up another question: where are they getting their information?
Dogwood certainly has many supporters who expressed a willingness to switch their vote to defeat a pro-tanker Conservative candidate. We faced intense pressure at times to make local endorsements or put our thumb on the scale for one candidate or another. We refused, saying again and again that we trusted British Columbians to make up their own minds. As a compromise we decided to conduct local, riding-level polling in places where crowdfunding could cover the costs.
The goal was to offer data that we knew media outlets -- especially in small markets -- were unlikely to have. Indeed news reporters regularly confused algorithmic projection models with riding-level polling, despite disclaimers like this one on threehundredeight.com: "These riding projections are not polls and are not necessarily an accurate reflection of current voting intentions in each riding." We wanted to offer some clarity amid the disinformation and partisan spin.
We engaged Insights West, a B.C.-based market research company, to conduct independent professional polling -- not just once but three times in as many ridings as we could afford, to provide a sense of how voting intentions were shifting over time. These polls correctly predicted the winner in eight out of nine ridings we looked at, but failed to pick up the late Liberal surge in Burnaby North-Seymour.
That's in large part because we wrapped up interviews on the final wave October 10, nine days before the election. There were two reasons for this. We chose to use live telephone interviews rather than a pre-recorded touchtone survey. It cost far more and resulted in smaller sample sizes, but we knew we were talking to real voters. It also took many nights to conduct each wave of interviews, making us less nimble in terms of getting the information analyzed and distributed quickly.
If we did this again, we would compress the schedule and move the final wave of polling later.
We also made a bad call in the final week, and that was to send an email with a graphic showing candidate support as a function of "decided voters" rather than highlighting the large number that were still undecided. As it turned out, those undecided voters were critical to the outcome in many places. Our website, VoteBC.ca, always displayed undecided voters as a cohort of their own, but that one email gave the impression voters were locking in their choices when in fact many waited until the final weekend.
On top of calling eight ridings correctly, we're proud to note that Insights West predicted the province-wide popular vote to within a single percentage point for all four parties. However, that poll used an online panel and went right down to the wire on the Sunday before election night. It was not possible to offer the same methodology, sample size or speedy turnaround at the riding level.
The bottom line is that polls are snapshots in time. Multiple snapshots can point to trends. If people were determined to vote based on polls, we wanted them to have the best local information we could provide about how their neighbours were leaning ahead of election day. At no point did we suggest that anyone forego their own democratic choice or vote against their values.
Long before this election was called, we knew we wanted to work in ridings where pro-tanker Conservative candidates were offside with a majority of their constituents on our key campaign issue. We gave them a clear message: either get in line with B.C. values or take your chances with a highly motivated electorate.
Elections Canada's transposition of the 2011 election results over to B.C.'s new 42-riding map allowed us to zero in on the places where we had teams working on the ground. We chose 19 ridings, including 10 that would have gone Conservative in the last election, and began planning the campaign.
Before the writ dropped I published an opinion piece in the National Post that served as a final warning: "Sooner or later, Enbridge will be defeated in B.C. The only question is whether the current government goes down with it."
Monday night Dianne Watts held South Surrey-White Rock for the blue team by a tiny margin. In all other 18 ridings the Conservative vote share declined, voter turnout increased and the pro-tanker candidate was defeated.
In Courtenay-Alberni, veteran cabinet minister John Duncan saw his vote share slide by 23.9 per cent. Voter turnout jumped to 76.62 per cent, third-highest in the province, and Duncan lost his seat. Next door in North Island-Powell River the Conservative vote collapsed to the tune of 36.1 per cent, costing Duncan's former advisor Laura Smith what should have been a safe riding.
In North Vancouver, Conservative MP Andrew Saxton lost 27.7 per cent of his 2011 vote. Voter turnout climbed to 76.4 per cent, fourth-highest in the province. Saxton lost his seat. So did John Weston next door in West Vancouver-Sunshine Coast-Sea-to-Sky Country, whose voted dropped by 27.9 per cent compared to the previous election. Turnout in that riding was 73.2 per cent.
Vancouver South was a bit different. MP Wai Young was infamous among our supporters for her private member's bill threatening to jail pipeline protesters for up to 10 years. On election night she held on to her vote share, down just 463 votes compared to 2011. However, last time turnout in the riding was 55.25 per cent. This year participation climbed by 15.3 per cent and Young was defeated.
In Delta, Tory revenue minister Kerry-Lynne Findlay faced voter turnout of 75.11 per cent, losing her seat by 9,247 votes.
In six ridings where our organizers worked, the number of local Dogwood Initiative supporters exceeded the margin of victory. Nowhere was that ratio more dramatic than in Kootenay-Columbia. Dogwood organizers partnered with the West Kootenay EcoSociety, contacting 5,573 supporters to get out to the polls. The seat was won by Wayne Stetski of the NDP by just 285 votes. Voter turnout there was 73.79 per cent.
The most dramatic pro-tanker collapse we saw was in Esquimalt-Saanich-Sooke, where the Conservatives came within 406 votes of a win in 2011 (under slightly different boundaries). This time candidate Shari Lukens witnessed a 44.1 per cent crash in Conservative support -- a loss of 9,393 votes. At the same time voter turnout spiked, hitting 75.94 per cent. Lukens finished a distant fourth place.
As I wrote in June, "Enbridge has become a liability for Conservative candidates in every B.C. riding touching salt water." Today, aside from Dianne Watts in White Rock, Richmond MP Alice Wong's is the only blue riding bordering the Pacific Ocean. Wong held on by 463 votes.
This would be easy to read as Dogwood claiming credit for taking down a bunch of Conservative MPs. That's not the case. British Columbians decided they'd had enough of this government and voted them out. Our role consisted of identifying citizens that shared a common set of values, then offering tools and training to get their friends and neighbours out to vote.
We don't encourage single-issue voting, and it's not our belief that oil tankers were the ballot box question for all British Columbians. Rather, the federal government's belligerence on our core campaign issue provided an excuse to organize. It also isolated the Conservatives, because the opposition parties saw the backlash in B.C. and positioned themselves accordingly.
In most places our numbers were dwarfed by dynamics totally out of our control -- the national appetite for change, the rise of Justin Trudeau, the surge in voter turnout across the country. What I like to think is that along with all the other groups mentioned at the beginning, we were pushing in the right direction. Together we got a flywheel moving that drew millions of Canadians to cast a ballot for the first time.
Across the province, our organizers managed a wave of new volunteers who had never worked on a political campaign before, but were inspired by the chance to contribute, in a nonpartisan way, to historic change for Canada.
Together their dedication added up. When a team of three volunteers in Vancouver found themselves short two phones and two laptops, they shared one call station and phoned as a team, rather than giving up the opportunity to talk to their neighbours.
One volunteer called a man in his 60s who confessed he'd never voted in his life because he didn't believe it made any difference. She talked him around and he agreed to give it a try. Another young volunteer from Surrey stayed on the phone as long as she had to, guiding a confused voter by satellite map to the right polling place in Prince George.
On the last day of advance polling, I remember the volunteer in Burnaby who got a woman to her polling place with 24 minutes to spare -- right before she left on an international trip. She would have missed voting day.
Multiply that by 42,551 election phone calls, 179,683 email addresses and literally countless face-to-face conversations with British Columbians over the last four years.
Without access to the voter's list it's impossible to confirm the effects of specific voter turnout methods on individual supporters, as we were able to do in the 2014 municipal elections. What we do know is that face-to-face conversations are most motivating. Phone calls are second best. For most people email is third. We organize on the belief that every interaction is cumulative, and every conversation has ripple effects that carry out into the community.
In the ridings where Dogwood teams did not work, average turnout was 69.25 per cent and the decline in Conservative vote share was 12.87 per cent. In the ridings where Dogwood teams did work, average turnout was 71.64 per cent while the pro-tanker party saw its vote decline by an average of 22.9 per cent.
The Liberals won a majority by 14 seats this week. The party picked up 15 seats in B.C. If Justin Trudeau plans to govern for a second term, his team would be wise to study this unique electoral battleground.