text:
\section{Introduction}

In this short note we confirm an analog of a conjecture of James Wiegold \cite[4.69]{K} for finite dimensional nilpotent Lie algebras.

\begin{conj}[Wiegold's conjecture]

Let $G$ be a finite $p$-group and let $|G'|>p^{n(n-1)/2}$ for some non-negative integer $n$. Then the group $G$ can be generated by the elements of breadth at least $n$. The breadth $b(x)$ of an element $x$ of a finite $p$-group $G$ is defined by the equation $|G:C_G(x)| = p^{b(x)}$, where $C_G(x)$ is the centralizer of $x$ in $G$.

\end{conj}

An overview of this problem can be found in \cite{W}. In \cite{Br} M.R.Vaughan-Lee proved that for a finite $p$-group $G$ of breadth $b = \max_{g\in G}b(g)$, we have $|G'|\leq p^{b(b-1)/2}$. He also showed that for a finite dimensional nilpotent Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ of breadth $b = \max_{g\in \mathfrak{g}}b(g)$, $\dim[\mathfrak{g},\mathfrak{g}]\leq b(b + 1)/2$.

Conjecture 1.1 was proved by the Author in \cite{Sk}. The goal of this paper is to prove the Lie algebra analog of this conjecture.

\medskip

The breadth $b(x)$ of an element $x$ of a finite dimensional Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ over a field $\mathbb{F}$ is defined by the equation $\dim \mathfrak{g} - \dim C_{\mathfrak{g}}(x) = b(x)$, where $C_{\mathfrak{g}}(x)$ is the Lie centralizer of $x$ in $\mathfrak{g}$. We prove the following

\begin{conj}[Wiegold's conjecture for nilpotent Lie algebras]

Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be a nilpotent Lie algebra over a field $\mathbb{F}$ and let $\dim\mathfrak{g}'>n(n-1)/2$ for some non-negative integer $n$. Then the Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ can be generated by the elements of breadth at least $n$.

\end{conj}

In this article we confirm the Conjecture 1.2 and also show that the more general results are true:

\begin{theorem}

Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be a nilpotent Lie algebra over an infinite field $\mathbb{F}$ and let $\dim\mathfrak{g}'>n(n-1)/2$ for a non-negative $n$. Then the set of elements of breadth at least $n$ cannot be covered by a finite number of proper Lie subalgebras in $\mathfrak{g}$.

\end{theorem}

\begin{theorem}

Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be a nilpotent Lie algebra over a finite field $\mathbb{F}\not=\mathbb{F}_2$ and let $\dim\mathfrak{g}'>n(n-1)/2$ for some non-negative integer $n$. Then the set of elements of breadth at least $n$ cannot be covered by $|\mathbb{F}|-1$ proper Lie subalgebras in $\mathfrak{g}$.

\end{theorem}

In the particular case $\mathbb{F} = \mathbb{F}_2$ we also get a more general result:

\begin{theorem}

Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be a nilpotent Lie algebra over a field $\mathbb{F}_2$ and let $\dim\mathfrak{g}'>n(n-1)/2$ for some non-negative integer $n$. Then the set of elements of breadth at least $n$ cannot be covered by two proper Lie subalgebras in $\mathfrak{g}$, one of which has codimension at least 2 in $\mathfrak{g}$.

\end{theorem}

\section{Formulations and proofs of the main Lemmas}

The breadth $b_\mathfrak{h}(x)$ of an element $x$ of a finite dimensional Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ with respect to a subalgebra $\mathfrak{h}\subseteq \mathfrak{g}$ is defined by the equation $\dim\mathfrak{h} - \dim C_\mathfrak{h}(x) = b_\mathfrak{h}(x)$, where $C_\mathfrak{h}(x) = \{h\in\mathfrak{h}| [x, h]=0\}$ is the centralizer of $x$ in $\mathfrak{h}$. By definition, $b(x) = b_\mathfrak{g}(x)$.

The following two lemmas are the well-known facts in theory of Lie algebras, so we state them without proof.

\begin{lemma}

Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be a Lie algebra over a finite field $\mathbb{F}$. Then $\mathfrak{g}$ cannot be covered by $|\mathbb{F}|$ proper subalgebras. Additionally, if $\mathfrak{g}$ is covered by $|\mathbb{F}|+1$ proper subalgebras $\mathfrak{h}_1$, $\mathfrak{h}_2$, $\ldots$, $\mathfrak{h}_{|\mathbb{F}|+1}$, then each of these $\mathfrak{h}_i$ must have codimension $1$ in $\mathfrak{g}$.

\end{lemma}

\begin{lemma}

Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be a nilpotent Lie algebra over a field $\mathbb{F}$, such that there exists a central subalgebra $\mathfrak{f}$ of codimension $2$ in $\mathfrak{g}$. Then $\dim\mathfrak{g}'\leq 1$.

\end{lemma}

\begin{lemma}

Consider an ideal $\mathfrak{h}$ of a finite dimensional nilpotent Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$. Let $\mathfrak{f}$ be the ideal of $\mathfrak{g}$ generated by elements $g$ from $\mathfrak{h}$, such that $b_{\mathfrak{h}}(g) = b(g)$. Then

\begin{enumerate}
    \item If $\mathfrak{f} = \mathfrak{h}$, then $\mathfrak{g}' = \mathfrak{h}'$;
    \item If $\mathfrak{f}$ has a codimension at most $1$ in $\mathfrak{h}$, then $\mathfrak{h}'$ has a codimension at most $1$ in $\mathfrak{g}'$.
\end{enumerate}

\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}

Consider the factorization homomorphism $\pi:\mathfrak{g}\to\mathfrak{g}/\mathfrak{h}'$. For each element $g$ in $\mathfrak{h}$, such that $b_{\mathfrak{h}}(g) = b(g)$ we have $\{[g,g']|g'\in\mathfrak{g}\} = \{[g,h]|h\in\mathfrak{h}\}\subseteq\mathfrak{h}'$, so $\pi(g)$ lies in the center of $\pi(\mathfrak{g})$ and $\pi(\mathfrak{f})$ is the central Lie subalgebra of $\pi(\mathfrak{g})$. If $\mathfrak{f} = \mathfrak{h}$, then $\pi(\mathfrak{f}) = \pi(\mathfrak{h})$ is the central Lie subalgebra of $\pi(\mathfrak{g})$ of codimension $1$, so $\pi(\mathfrak{g})$ is abelian and $\mathfrak{g}' = \mathfrak{h}'$. If $\mathfrak{f}$ has a codimension at most $1$ in $\mathfrak{h}$, then $\pi(\mathfrak{f})$ is the central Lie subalgebra of $\pi(\mathfrak{g})$ of codimension at most $2$, so from Lemma 2.2 we get $\dim\mathfrak{g}'\leq 1$ and $\mathfrak{h}'$ has a codimension at most $1$ in $\mathfrak{g}'$.

\end{proof}

\begin{lemma}

Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be a finite dimensional Lie algebra and let $\mathfrak{h}$ be its ideal of codimension $1$ in $\mathfrak{g}$. Then for any element $x$ from the set $\mathfrak{g}\setminus\mathfrak{h}$ we have $\dim\mathfrak{g}'\leq b(x) + \dim\mathfrak{h}'$.

\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}

The set $V=\{[x, h]| h\in\mathfrak{h}\}$ form a vector space with the dimension not bigger than $b(x)$. So it is enough to prove that $\mathfrak{g}' = V+\mathfrak{h}'$. This follows from the following properties of the set $V+\mathfrak{h}'$ :

\begin{enumerate}
    \item $V+\mathfrak{h}'$ is a vector space;
    \item $V+\mathfrak{h}'$ is an ideal in $\mathfrak{g}$ : $[[x, h], g]+\mathfrak{h}' = \overbrace{[x, \underbrace{[h, g]}_{\in\mathfrak{h}}]}^{\in V}+\overbrace{[h, \underbrace{[x, g]}_{\in\mathfrak{h}}]}^{\in\mathfrak{h}'}+\mathfrak{h}'$;
    \item Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}/(V+\mathfrak{h}')$ is abelian.
\end{enumerate}
These facts imply the Lemma 2.4.

\end{proof}

\section{Proof of Theorem 1.1}

Assume the converse. Let the proper subalgebras $\mathfrak{h}_1$, $\mathfrak{h}_2$, $\ldots$, $\mathfrak{h}_k$ cover all the elements of breadth at least $n$. We will prove that $\dim\mathfrak{g}'\leq n(n-1)/2$. Considering a sufficiently large finite-dimensional subalgebra in $\mathfrak{g}$, we can assume that $\mathfrak{g}$ is finite-dimensional. The proof is by induction on $\dim\mathfrak{g}$. We can assume that $\mathfrak{h}_i$ are the maiximal ideals of codimension $1$ in $\mathfrak{g}$ (because every proper subalgebra in the nilpotent and finite dimensional Lie algebra is contained in the ideal of codimension $1$). Consider any ideal $I\not=\mathfrak{h}_i$ of codimension $1$ in $\mathfrak{g}$. Denote by $J$ the ideal of $\mathfrak{g}$ generated by elements $g$ from $I$ such that $b_I(g)=b(g)$. Consider the case when $J = I$. Applying the Lemma 2.3 we conclude that $I' = \mathfrak{g}'$. The rest follows from the induction hypothesis : the Lie algebra $I$ has smaller dimension and all its elements of breadth at least $n$ are contained in the union of proper subalgebras $I\cap \mathfrak{h}_i$ (because $b_I(x)\leq b(x)$). Now consider the case $I\not= J$. Notice that the set $I\setminus \left(J\cup_i\mathfrak{h}_i\right)$ contain only the elements of breadth at most $n-2$ (because $J$ is generated by elements $\{g\in I| b_I(g)=b(g)\}$). Thus, from the induction hypothesis applied to $I$ and its $k+1$ proper subalgebras $J$, $I\cap\mathfrak{h}_1$, $I\cap\mathfrak{h}_2$, $\ldots$, $I\cap\mathfrak{h}_k$ we conclude that $\dim I'\leq (n-1)(n-2)/2$. Finally, consider any element $a$ not lying in $I\cup_i\mathfrak{h}_i$, its breadth is less than $n$, so from the Lemma 2.4 we get $\dim\mathfrak{g}'\leq b(a) + \dim I'\leq\frac{n(n-1)}{2}$.

\hfill$\Box$

\section{Proof of Theorem 1.2}

Assume the converse. Let the proper subalgebras $\mathfrak{h}_1$, $\mathfrak{h}_2$, $\ldots$, $\mathfrak{h}_{|\mathbb{F}|-1}$ cover all the elements of breadth at least $n$. We will prove that $\dim\mathfrak{g}'\leq n(n-1)/2$. Considering a sufficiently large finite-dimensional subalgebra in $\mathfrak{g}$, we can assume that $\mathfrak{g}$ is finite-dimensional. The proof is by induction on $\dim\mathfrak{g}$. We can assume that $\mathfrak{h}_i$ are the maiximal ideals of codimension $1$ in $\mathfrak{g}$ (because every proper subalgebra in the nilpotent and finite dimensional Lie algebra is contained in the ideal of codimension $1$) and $\mathfrak{h}_1\not= \mathfrak{h}_2$ (because in every non-abelian finite dimensional and nilpotent Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$, there are at least two different maximal proper subalgebras). Consider any ideal $I\not=\mathfrak{h}_i$ of codimension $1$ in $\mathfrak{g}$ such that $I\cap \mathfrak{h}_1 = I\cap \mathfrak{h}_2 = \mathfrak{h}_1\cap \mathfrak{h}_2$. Denote by $J$ the ideal of $\mathfrak{g}$ generated by elements $g$ from $I$ such that $b_I(g)=b(g)$. Consider the case when $J = I$. Applying the Lemma 2.3 we conclude that $I' = \mathfrak{g}'$. The rest follows from the induction hypothesis : the Lie algebra $I$ has smaller dimension and all its elements of breadth at least $n$ are contained in the union of proper subalgebras $I\cap \mathfrak{h}_i$ (because $b_I(x)\leq b(x)$). Now consider the case $I\not= J$. Notice that the set $I\setminus \left(J\cup_i\mathfrak{h}_i\right)$ contain only the elements of breadth at most $n-2$ (because $J$ is generated by elements $\{g\in I| b_I(g)=b(g)\}$). Thus, from the induction hypothesis applied to $I$ and its $|\mathbb{F}|-1$ proper subalgebras $J$, $I\cap\mathfrak{h}_1 = I\cap\mathfrak{h}_2$, $ I\cap\mathfrak{h}_3$ $\ldots$, $I\cap\mathfrak{h}_{|\mathbb{F}|-1}$ we conclude that $\dim I'\leq (n-1)(n-2)/2$. Finally, consider any element $a$ not lying in $I\cup_i\mathfrak{h}_i$ (such element exists because of the Lemma 2.1), its breadth is less than $n$, so from the Lemma 2.4 we get $\dim\mathfrak{g}'\leq b(a) + \dim I'\leq\frac{n(n-1)}{2}$. $\Box$

\section{Proof of Theorem 1.3}

\begin{theorem}

Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be a nilpotent Lie algebra over a finite field $\mathbb{F}$. Let the next two conditions hold for some integers $n\leq k + 1$

\begin{enumerate}

\item The set of all elements of the breadth at least $n$ can be covered by $|\mathbb{F}|$ subalgebras of $\mathfrak{g}$;

\item The set of elements of the breadth at most $k$ generates $\mathfrak{g}$.

\end{enumerate}

Then $\dim\mathfrak{g}'\leq\frac{(n-1)(n-2)}{2} + k$.

\end{theorem}

\begin{proof}

Considering a sufficiently large finite-dimensional subalgebra in $\mathfrak{g}$, we can assume that $\mathfrak{g}$ is finite-dimensional. The proof is by induction on $\dim\mathfrak{g}$. Let the proper subalgebras $\mathfrak{h}_1$, $\mathfrak{h}_2$, $\ldots$, $\mathfrak{h}_{|\mathbb{F}|}$ cover all the elements of breadth at least $n$. We can assume that $\mathfrak{h}_i$ are the maiximal ideals of codimension $1$ in $\mathfrak{g}$ (because every proper subalgebra in the finite dimensional and nilpotent Lie algebra is contained in the ideal of codimension $1$) and $\mathfrak{h}_1\not= \mathfrak{h}_2$ (because in every non-abelian finite dimensional and nilpotent Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$, there are at least two different maximal proper subalgebras). Consider any ideal $I\not=\mathfrak{h}_i$ of codimension $1$ in $\mathfrak{g}$ such that $I\cap \mathfrak{h}_1 = I\cap \mathfrak{h}_2 = \mathfrak{h}_1\cap \mathfrak{h}_2$. Denote by $J$ the ideal of $\mathfrak{g}$ generated by elements $g$ from $I$, such that $b_I(g)=b(g)$. Consider the case when $J = I$. Applying the Lemma 2.3 we conclude that $I' = \mathfrak{g}'$. The rest follows from the induction hypothesis : the Lie algebra $I$ has smaller dimension and all its elements of breadth at least $n$ are contained in the union of proper subalgebras $I\cap \mathfrak{h}_i$ (because $b_I(x)\leq b(x)$), also the set $I\setminus\cup_{i\geq 2}\mathfrak{h}_i$ generates $I$ (because of the Lemma 2.1) and consists only of elements of breadth at most $n-1\leq k$.

So we can assume that $J$ is a proper ideal of $I$. Consider the case when the codimension of $J$ in $I$ is $1$. Apply the Lemma 2.3 to $I$, we conclude that $\dim\mathfrak{g}'\leq\dim I'+1$. Apply the induction hypothesis to the Lie algebra $I$ and to its proper subalgebras $J$, $\mathfrak{h}_1\cap\mathfrak{h}_2$, $\mathfrak{h}_3$, $\ldots$, $\mathfrak{h}_{|\mathbb{F}|}$ so we get $\dim I'\leq\frac{(n-3)(n-2)}{2} + n - 1$ (every element from the set $I\setminus\left((\mathfrak{h}_1\cap\mathfrak{h}_2)\cup\mathfrak{h}_3\cup\ldots\cup\mathfrak{h}_{|\mathbb{F}|}\right)$ is of the breadth at most $n-1$ in $I$ and this set generates $I$ (because of the Lemma 2.1), also for any element $g$ from the set $I\setminus\left(J\cup(\mathfrak{h}_1\cap\mathfrak{h}_2)\cup\mathfrak{h}_3\cup\ldots\cup\mathfrak{h}_{|\mathbb{F}|}\right)$, we have $b_I(g)\leq n-2$). So if $k\geq 2$ we get $\dim \mathfrak{g}'\leq\dim I' + 1 \leq \frac{(n-3)(n-2)}{2}+n=\frac{(n-2)(n-1)}{2}+2\leq\frac{(n-2)(n-1)}{2}+k$ and the induction step is clear. In the case $k\leq 1$, we get $n=2$ (the case $n\leq 1$ is trivial) and the set $I\setminus\left(J\cup(\mathfrak{h}_1\cap\mathfrak{h}_2)\cup\mathfrak{h}_3\cup\ldots\cup\mathfrak{h}_{|\mathbb{F}|}\right)$ is contained in the center of $I$. It is clear that the set $I\setminus\left(J\cup(\mathfrak{h}_1\cap\mathfrak{h}_2)\cup\mathfrak{h}_3\cup\ldots\cup\mathfrak{h}_{|\mathbb{F}|}\right)$ generates the central subalgebra of the codimension at most $1$ in $I$ (Lemma 2.1), so $I$ is abelian. From the conditions of Theorem 5.1 there exists an element $g\notin I$ such that $b(g)\leq k\leq 1$. So the Lie algebra $C_\mathfrak{g}(g)$ has codimension at most $1$ in $\mathfrak{g}$. Also the subalgebra $C_\mathfrak{g}(g)\cap I$ has codimension at most $2$ in $\mathfrak{g}$ and is central in $\mathfrak{g}$. Apply Lemma 2.2 to the Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$, so we conclude that $\dim\mathfrak{g}'\leq 1\leq\frac{(n-1)(n-2)}{2} + k$.

Eventually, we can assume that the codimension of $J$ in $I$ is greater or equal to $2$. So the set $I\setminus\left(J\cup(\mathfrak{h}_1\cap\mathfrak{h}_2)\cup\mathfrak{h}_3\cup\ldots\cup\mathfrak{h}_{|\mathbb{F}|}\right)$ generates $I$ (Lemma 2.1), thus, $I$ is generated by the elements of the breadth at most $n-2$ in $I$. And we can apply the induction hypothesis to $I$ and its subalgebras $J$, $\mathfrak{h}_1\cap\mathfrak{h}_2$, $\mathfrak{h}_3$, $\ldots$, $\mathfrak{h}_{|\mathbb{F}|}$ and conclude that $\dim I'\leq\frac{(n-3)(n-2)}{2}+n-2 = \frac{(n-2)(n-1)}{2}$. Also from the conditions of the Theorem 5.1 there exists an element $a\notin I$ such that $b(a)\leq k$. Applying the Lemma 2.4 to $I$ and $a$, we conclude that $\dim \mathfrak{g}'\leq b(a) + \dim I'\leq\frac{(n-2)(n-1)}{2} + k$.

\end{proof}

\subsection{Proof of Theorem 1.3}

Assume the converse. Let the proper subalgebras $\mathfrak{h}_1$ and $\mathfrak{h}_2$ cover all the elements of breadth at least $n$ and $\mathfrak{h}_2$ has codimension bigger or equal to $2$ in $\mathfrak{g}$. We will prove that $\dim\mathfrak{g}'\leq n(n-1)/2$. From Lemma 2.1 the set $\mathfrak{g}\setminus(\mathfrak{h}_1\cup \mathfrak{h}_2)$ generates $\mathfrak{g}$. All the elements from $\mathfrak{g}\setminus(\mathfrak{h}_1\cup \mathfrak{h}_2)$ have breadth at most $n-1$ in $\mathfrak{g}$, thus, we can apply Theorem 5.1 to $\mathfrak{g}$, $\mathfrak{h}_1$, $\mathfrak{h}_2$, $k = n-1$ and get $\dim\mathfrak{g}'\leq \frac{(n-1)(n-2)}{2}+n-1=\frac{n(n-1)}{2}$. $\Box$

\begin{rem}

In fact, Theorem 1.2 is also a consequence of Theorem 5.1.

\end{rem}

\section{Acknowledgements}

I am grateful to Anton A. Klyachko for stating the problem.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


I don't celebrate Christmas; I'm not Christian. I don't celebrate Hanukkah or Kwanza or the Solstice or Yule or Saint Nicholas day or Saturnalia or even Festivus for the same reason. I'm an atheist, and do not celebrate holidays for religious reasons.
To some people, this makes me lacking. I'm not offended by holidays. I don't want to get rid of holidays, no matter why they're celebrated. I'm not waging a "war on Christmas." I'm not even sure how I could. I don't get angry if someone says "Merry Christmas" or "Happy Holidays" to me. I don't own the holidays and I don't care what is celebrated or how or why or by whom.
This doesn't mean I can't celebrate holidays, especially at this time of year. I can celebrate the spirit of giving, and the feeling of brotherhood that comes with the season. Cards from friends make me smile whether there is a Christmas Star or a snowman on the front. I can see and appreciate the beauty in a nativity scene just as I do in a menorah or a Christmas parade. I like lights in trees and carols on the radio and the thought of people dancing in the moonlight in the woods on the night of the Winter solstice. It makes me happy to watch my dog enjoy his extra can of dog food.
Holidays for me mean more than just a day off from work; there's the spirit of the season that I can lose myself in; the feasting; the personal reflection; the giving and receiving of gifts. I like presents just as much as anyone else, and I've always enjoyed finding the perfect gift for a person in my life, something special; something meaningful. Like the time in my youth when I finally settled the argument I had with my brother over who the family dog loved best by presenting him on behalf of said dog with a holiday box full of brownies I'd squeezed into the shape of dog poo.
There's also the pleasure of seeing the gifts that others receive, like the year my father told my mother that for Christmas he wanted to spend a weekend with a strange woman … so she put a dress on a coal shovel with his name on it.
The annual issue of avoiding the commercialism of the holidays and returning to the "reason for the season" does not escape me, either. Granted, while my own personal reason for the season may be far different than what many would intend, escaping rampant commercialism is easy when you simply have no money to spend; a situation I found myself in a number of years ago. Out of work and flat broke, far from home, my holiday gifts that year were letters to each member of my family and some close friends detailing exactly what I really thought of them and just what they meant to me. They were the kind of letter that I would be embarrassed by if anyone else were to read them. I wasn't there when the recipients received them; I was eating my holiday dinner in a truck stop at the time, but it's just as well. I didn't need to be there; I'd said what I needed to say. Someday, no matter how much money I have, I know I can say it again.
There's a sense of freedom in not being tied down to a holiday. I am not required to please anyone but myself. I can ignore the holidays if I choose; but I choose not to. So if anyone has ever wondered how an atheist can feel the holiday spirit- celebrate your way, and I'll celebrate mine- by feeling them all.


text:
The Three Couriers is a 1929 comedy thriller novel by the British writer Compton Mackenzie. It was inspired by his own experiences working for British intelligence during the First World War. It is set in Southeastern Europe, and features the fictional British spy Roger Waterson who had previously appeared in Extremes Meet. Thriller writer Eric Ambler was an admirer of the novel.

References

Bibliography
 Burton, Alan. Historical Dictionary of British Spy Fiction. Rowman & Littlefield, 2016.

1929 British novels
Novels by Compton Mackenzie
British thriller novels
British spy novels
Cassell (publisher) books
Doubleday, Doran books

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Batteries may be next stranded assets in green revolution
Some of the latest battery technologies may become obsolete before reaching the market because of the breakneck pace of advances in the industry.
13/08/2018, 5:00 am Updated: 13/08/2018, 7:23 am
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Teams of scientists from San Francisco to Shenzhen are experimenting with new chemical processes to improve the traditional lithium-ion cell and find new ways to bottle up electricity for use at another time. Investors in those projects are starting to worry that they might have picked the wrong technology.
That's turning the debate about so-called stranded assets on its head. To date, the term has been deployed to refer to fossil-fuel projects that may turn unprofitable as pollution regulations tighten. In the future, upheaval in the way energy storage devices are made mean that investments in batteries may turn unprofitable even though they're at the heart of transforming the way the energy system works.
"If you suddenly have a step change in technology that offers higher energy density, people will want to adopt that quickly, which could mean that they'll have to reinvest in manufacturing equipment again," said James Frith, energy storage analyst at BloombergNEF. "Worst case, you may have to redesign entire factories."
Investment into start-ups developing new types of batteries rose to more than $1.5 billion in the first half of the year, almost twice the level in 2017, according to data from Cleantech Group.
Carmakers Volkswagen AG, Hyundai Motor Co. and Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi have all channeled funds into battery companies. The Japanese industry group New Energy & Industrial Technology Development Organization has announced that it will spend $90 million on researching solid-state devices with a group of universities and manufacturers.
"There is a tremendous amount of money being put into battery research right now, and eventually that will lead to evolution of technology," said Peter Carlsson, founder and CEO of NorthVolt AB, a Stockholm-based company that's constructing a 4 billion-euro ($4.6 billion) battery manufacturing facility in the Nordic region. "We are building a manufacturing platform to have the capability of evolving."
Not every technology is likely to succeed. There are thousands of different systems being tested across the industry, involving both major manufacturing companies to startups and universities. Even the lithium-ion cells used in most electric cars and mobile phones have varying manufacturing processes.
"There's different flavors of lithium-ion, different chemistries, and even within those chemistries there's different variants on how those are made up," said TJ Winter, a principal manager at Fluence Corp. Ltd., a U.S.-based energy storage supplier. "We spend a fair amount of time just screening developments."
The competition is getting fiercer as carmakers electrify more of their models and energy-storage units become more prevalent in homes and businesses. Demand for battery capacity will rise to 1,784 gigawatt-hours by 2030 from about 100 gigawatt-hours currently, according to forecasts from BloombergNEF.
About $16.7 billion has already been spent to install conventional battery factories around the world, and another $42 billion of facilities are expected to be up and running by 2022, BloombergNEF data show.
Lithium-ion will remain the dominant power source for electric cars and storage units for the next decade, according to the International Energy Agency. After 2025, new technologies are likely to enter the market, the Paris-based organization said in its latest Electric Vehicle Outlook.
That leaves open the possibility of either current lithium-ion technologies falling out of favor or newer projects not measuring up to the incumbents. Either way, some investors are likely to end up with batteries that aren't economical. "There's an enormous amount of bandwidth being created in the world for manufacturing of lithium-ion batteries," said Jeff Chamberlain, chief executive officer of Volta Energy Technologies LLC, an investment fund with a focus on next-generation storage. "Many investors that we've seen are betting on technology that will require new manufacturing processes. We see this as a flaw because of the current capacity being built on the planet."
Taking a batteries from a laboratory to the marketplace is slow and costly. Scientists are substituting expensive metals such as manganese and nickel for more abundant substances like sulfur and oxygen as they seek to cut costs and weight in battery units.
Conamix Inc., a startup in New York, recently raised $2 million to try to make batteries without cobalt, a rare-earth metal that's a key ingredient for recharging but that's largely mined in the war-torn Democratic Republic of Congo. Other technologies "may not be able to scale because of cheap lithium-ion," said Jeff McDermott, managing partner of Greentech Capital Advisors LLC. "Lithium-ion is definitely going to create pricing pressure on other technologies to be deployed. There will be several but not dozens of competing technologies because the costs are going to have to be down. It's going to require scale to achieve those costs." Equinor ASA, Norway's biggest energy company, has been screening storage-focused startups for the past three years but hasn't yet made an investment in any one developer. "Storage is a prioritized thing for us," said Bala Nagarajan, an investment director at Equinor Energy Ventures, the in-house venture capital fund. "There are still technology improvements that are necessary for the adoption of clean energy and adoption of electric vehicles. Is there a chance that our future investments in storage technologies could be failures? Absolutely yes."
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The most versatile wood of them all is Oak. It's mild smoke flavor, and little to no aftertaste makes Oak blend well with most meats, and gives off a beautiful smoked color. It can also be used to tone down hickory or mesquite. Oak Flavor Bisquettes especially pair well with poultry, beef, pork, lamb, and game.
The Bradley Sausage hooks are heavy duty chrome plated steel, perfect for hanging sausages, fish, ribs or hams in your Bradley Smoker. 4 hooks are included in each package.
Make your Bradley Smokers even more versatile with this set of 4 jerky cooking racks. The Teflon coating and smaller mesh openings of these racks give you the ability to smoke beef jerky, oysters, almonds, and anything else that might slip through the spaces of a standard size rack. Compatible with all Bradley Smokers. The ability to smoke, cold smoke or roast any meat to perfection is what sets these digital smokers apart from all others.


You will require inspiration right now! A lot of people around you will inform you you will want motivation to be able to keep heading. Whenever you eliminate the determination, it is typically troublesome that you observe the program along with your aim. Self applied inspiration is very important. It takes on a crucial role in enhancing your self worth. Your motivation improves with your good sense of wellness. It is certainly getting translated incredibly wrong by a whole lot of people. First, it is far from a'bad thing'. It is normally an area of psychology which includes gotten a substantial amount of attention, particularly in the recent years. A second sizeable approach by which people may improve their private motivation through associating with positive males and females. It includes the issues that each of all of us may do to motivate ourself in person to do this and make our tendencies become realities. Determination is normally totally personal. That is a thing that comes right from within. The determination with regards to a behavior may also derive from less-apparent factors like selfneglect or perhaps morality.
In a associated with constant internet distraction, it has the tough to concentrate on the targets! In cases where you desire to steadily improve and get closer to your goals, there's a great deal of things must PREVENT performing and things that you prefer to acquire started carrying out. Once you have finished just a few expectations, you will discover that it's a whole lot easier to stimulate yourself to carry on meeting tiny goals just before completing the top aim. Nothing will prevent you from thinking of goals you wish to accomplish. The aims should define who also you might find yourself. Having said this, always get reasons to be cheerful regarding the scenarios you do, the goals if you're pursuing, the dreams you're attempting to realize, and the existence you're trying to live. When you ensure you get your life trains and your every day actions, you will need to tone the connection among them regularly.
In that case, identify what additional abilities or knowledge might boost the readiness. Determination levels are really vital that you continue in your enterprise. It's also crucial to comprehend our degree of individual inspiration is actually a great external concept, from the perceptions you're channeling inside the camera. Your motivation definitely will increase. It is an important matter that takes on a vital function in enhancing performance and improving output. What probably a lot easier to grasp is usually that the motivation for staying dry is inclined bench press to be a demand for the man or perhaps woman to have ability to experience themselves, peacefully in a daily basis.
Testing Motivation on finding determination to obtain the targets, there are other individuals just by natural means currently have itand in that case you will discover others who also have difficulties to find and grasp it. Be aware that sometimes you will the inspiration and in occasions it only disappear aside and you'll experience lost and sad. Determination Here is certainly the stage where the stress starts. Do it yourself motivation is known as a mix of definitely will power, goals and power to keep on obtaining the maximum standard of succeeding. It is a critical top quality that an individual requires. There are a few steps you can take to assist you locate inspiration. If you or perhaps someone you know appears to lack motivation, it may be an effective notion to clearly determine or clearly define the goals you wish to reach. There will be a amount of factors for home motivation being so essential in a person's your life. It is well-known as the the very first thing in your your life.
I see a large amount of questions internet from people who find that hard to remain driven or people which are actually panicking since they state they've lost their determination. Inspiration is a seriously elaborate issue. That is essential to any powerful businessperson. This is the a major ranking factor in your world. Intrinsic inspiration can be linked to personal pleasure, delight and curiosity, while extrinsic motivation is definitely connected to various distinctive alternatives. That is understood to be the entertainment that a person seems simply by completing the job on its own in fact it is motivated simply by points that individuals understand they can control themselves, based upon on all their level of dedication and quantity of hard work. This is in reality exactly the same while engagement.


Wet towels to clean up with!
Scones are the easiest things to make! If you can make biscuits, you can make these! Try this scone recipe, and add a little more sugar and any spices you'd like.
Fresh flowers cover up lots of cake mistakes – match your frosting to your flowers, not your flowers to your frosting!
Crepes are one of the easiest things to make too, and you really have to do something pretty bad to ruin them.
Everyone needs an Aunt Tammy – she came and helped me out 30 minutes before the tea was to start since some of the preparations HAD to be done right before serving.
Booster seats with straps are the bomb! No better way to have tea as a mommy of a toddler(s) than with your toddler!
Happy birthday to our beautiful Merry Anna! We love you and look forward the good things God will do in your life this next year!
We are having a sweet Christmas here in the lovely warm SC weather. . . thought I'd post a few pics. We went last night to the Festival of Lights on James Island with a friend of ours "Aunt Tammy" as Elijah calls her!
Here we are on the carousel – as you can see, the ride, for some reason, wasn't as Elijah had expected!
Making Christmas cookies with your toddler is a fun tradition that is less romantic than it originally seemed with the disaster it creates!
Of course the holidays in our family isn't complete without a Steelers game. . .
Or presents to put together with Daddy (this one's a birthday gift for Merry, sshhhh don't tell her it's hiding in the closet in her room!
Here is the birthday beauty herself. We gave out her birthday party invitations for a "Breakfast Tea" this Saturday morning at 9:00 A.M. She's wearing one of Daddy's favorite dresses on her, can you believe she's wearing a summer dress in DECEMBER!!! It's great that she gets to wear her cute dresses longer . . . as it's in the high 70's here!
Yes, we do have them, bad as they may be!
Merry with one of our new friends, Josiah (we had just finished a messy meal, we don't usually let her play with boys in this condition) Check out the hairdo! This is the RESULT of a hairclip – NOTHING is actually holding it up – no gel, hairspray or clip of any kind!
Check out this beautiful smile! Here is Miss-Walking-Anywhere-I-Want-All-By-Myself peeking out from behind the shower curtain in our bathroom.
Elijah at Happy Cow – a cow farm in near Greenville, SC where we went with Aunt Naomi last week. Elijah's obeying the sign, but the cow obviously can't read.
Aunt Naomi sure can pick the kiddie outings! This was the best used bookstore we'd ever been in, and there was a llama, dogs, goats, chickens and horses to see there too! What a fun day!
It is what you think it is – and he's really using it!
Elijah watches me using the potholder the other day, and before I know it he's got one walking all over the house using it. After a while when things got quiet, I heard the front door open and I ran to catch him (one of our favorite acts of disobedience lately!) When I got to the front door, he hadn't gone out, but was preparing to. This is what he looked like. So I asked him, "what are you doing?" To which he promptly answered, "I go library," and showed me his grocery bag (the green thing he's holding with the potholder hand) which held a few of his favorite library books.
St. Nicholas Day stockings! Lots of fun!
Just a quick note to say that we are still alive and well. We visited my sister for a few days while Jeremy went to NC for work, and are enjoying the lovely weather in the seventies here lately! I need to post some pics soon.
Merry is walking like a champ – more than she is crawling! Elijah is so cute saying "good job" to her all the time when she does something.
St. Nicholas Day was fun here at our house and we enjoyed watching the children open their stockings. . . they both loved their new toothbrushes. . . one of the cheapest things of course!! For books, since we all get one in our stocking, traditionally, Jeremy got Life with Father, Life with Mother and another – total – one old (antique or classic, who knows, but I got it at an old bookstore in Western SC) set of three stories in one volume that are amusing him. Jeremy went more serious and got me Valley of Vision, a leather-bound selection of Puritan Prayers and meditations . . . they go perfectly with my study on Prayer that I'm doing. Elijah got his very own copy of The Big Red Barn (I got tired of checking that one out all the time!!) Merry got 1 is One by Tasha Tudor, one of my mom's favorite authors and artists.
I'm going to do some baking like a good little homemaker 🙂 The house is quiet and I think everyone is asleep – yes, even Jeremy, and it's just turned 8 PM! He has been feeling under the weather again – this virus has really knocked him out.


Niccolò dell'Arca's Mourning over the Dead Christ, often simply called Lamentation, moves us into the depths of Good Friday's grief. (See a video of this piece of art below the article.) There is no way to prepare for the visceral images of six life-sized terracotta sculptures mourning over Christ's body. The grief is palpable as viewers find themselves nearly frightened of the masterpiece. This grief is not quiet.
The first figure we encounter is Joseph of Arimathea, the wealthy man who shouldered the responsibility for Christ's burial. He's shown holding the hammer and pinchers he used to remove Christ's body from the Cross. He cannot bear to look at the body of the man he had followed, now empty, lying before him. It is almost as if he were to look, the grief would overwhelm him.
Next, we see the mother of Apostles James and John. She once asked Christ whether her sons could sit at his side when he became ruler. Now she appears clawing at her own body, as if to afflict injury to mask the pain she feels. Later, she would prepare Christ's body for burial. We can imagine her tears falling upon his body as she cleansed it.
Then, we notice Christ's own mother, Mary, the one who gave birth to this child born to die. She was there at the foot of the Cross as he died. Now she stands before his lifeless body, clutching her hands in agony. She holds them against herself as if she is holding in her very heart to prevent it from escaping. But she is, isn't she? Not only is her child dead, but her Savior.
John, the beloved disciple, stands beside Mary. Even in Christ's own anguish on the Cross, he showed compassion for his mother and presented John as a new son to care for her. Here John seems unable to comfort his new mother, let alone himself. He stands heartbroken, frozen before the body of his Lord in disbelief.
Next is Mary, wife of Clopas. She is mentioned only once in Scripture. In the Gospel of John, she stands with Mary, the mother of God, at the foot of the Cross. It is assumed that she, too, will prepare the body for burial. Early historian Eusebius of Caesarea held that Clopas was St. Joseph's brother, making this Mary Christ's aunt. Here she holds her hands out, as if to shield herself from the horror. Her body pushes backwards; we hear her gasps as she chokes on her sorrow.
Each figure expresses grief differently, in ways the viewer can identify with, but it is Mary Magdalene who draws our gaze. She is in motion. Mary Magdalene is caught in the moment she runs into the room and sees Christ's body. You hear her screams and gut-wrenching howls, knowing she will collapse on our Lord's body in despair. It's not only anguish but fear. She remembers the last time she felt grief, when she came to Christ in repentance. He had given her hope. Was that all for nothing? She can't live like that again. None of us can. The alternative is terrifying.
Lamentation invites us into the raw emotion of the day when all hope seemed lost. The day when it seemed the darkness overcame the light. On Good Friday, sit before Christ's body, and feel the full weight of grief, not only of that day over 2,000 years ago, but in imagining our own lives without Christ.
Without that weight of grief, we cannot begin to fathom the glory that awaits us.
Shemaiah Gonzalez is a freelance writer who holds a B.A. in English Literature and a M.A. in Intercultural Ministry. She thrives on moments where storytelling, art, and faith collide. Published on Busted Halo and America Magazine among others, she is obsessed with being well-rounded as she jumps from Victorian lit to Kendrick Lamar, from the homeless shelter to the cocktail party. A Los Angeles native, she now lives in Seattle with her husband and their two sons.
Thank you. I only wish the video was longer. The sculptures are so powerful and your reflection so poignant – especially about the insights of grief, hope and the promise of the glory yet to come.


Located 250 metres from its own private beach area along the Mediterranean shores, this hotel features an outdoor pool with waterslides and sun loungers. A Turkish bath and a sauna are available.Air-conditioned rooms at Seker Resort Hotel include a minibar, safety deposit box and a balcony. Private bathroom comes with a shower and a toilet.The hotel's restaurant serves a wide range of dishes from Turkish and international cuisine. Guests can enjoy their meals either inside or outside by the pool area. A breakfast buffet is offered every morning. Pool bar and lobby bar are ideal for refreshing drinks.Guests can play a game of beach volleyball, water polo or table tennis. A children's pool and a playground are available.Antalya Airport is 66 km. Wi-fi is accessible throughout the venue and charges apply.
Free! One child under 7 years stays free of charge when using existing beds.Free! One child under 2 years stays free of charge in a child's cot/crib.


Scientists have found the first evidence of a higher state of consciousness by measuring the complexity of brain activity of people under the influence of psychedelics. The study measured magnetic fields generated by brain activity and used the data to create an index of varying levels of consciousness.
The study, conducted by a team at the University of Sussex in England, looked at the diversity of brain signals, a measure of the complexity of brain activity, in people under the influence of psilocybin, LSD, and ketamine, compared to the brain activity of people in lower levels of consciousness, such as sleep, anesthesia, and 'vegetative' states.
Participants under the influence of these drugs showed higher than baseline diversity, or higher levels than someone who is simply awake. This is the first time a measure of an elevated consciousness has been recorded in a study of its kind.
The researchers were quick to point out that their measure of higher consciousness doesn't necessarily imply that the psychedelic state is better or higher functioning than our normal waking state. Instead the index they've used shows that the psychedelic state increases small magnetic fields produced by the brain and higher neural-signal diversity in all three types of drugs.
One researcher involved in the study, Dr. Muthukumaraswamy, said he was surprised the results were consistent with each drug, despite their differing pharmacology. He and his colleagues believe that their research could lead to carefully-controlled use of the drug for therapeutic treatment in patients suffering from severe depression.
The group found correlation between participants' reports of changes in intensity of the psychedelic experience and changes in brain signal diversity. They believe this shows there is a difference in aspects of brain activity in our everyday conscious experience.
This study comes after recent trials have shown psilocybin can flip a "reset" mechanism in the brains of people suffering from depression. Similar studies found benefits in the therapeutic use of ketamine and LSD for people suffering from a range of physical and psychiatric issues, including drug addiction and PTSD.
Similar studies have been conducted to test electroencephalography, or EEG, on participants in deep states of meditation, finding increased levels of alpha and theta wave activity. It's unclear whether this recent study plans on testing participants levels of brain-signal diversity in non-intoxicated, altered states of consciousness.


After the Act became publicized to some extent via dissemination of information transmitted by off-planet sources to their receivers, the government set up a disinformation Web site—National Economic Stabilization [ later changed to Security ] and Recovery Act—and incorrect information about NESARA was circulated to mislead people who had heard about it. Never has it been an investment program, nor does it include the delivery of "prosperity packages," depositing millions of dollars in bank accounts or cancelling legitimatedebts.
After that message went out, numerous readers had questions about that statement, and we want to mention one: Do you mean that no important developments can happen until the end of 2017? Dear brothers and sisters, important developments have been happening ever since Earth embarked on her ascension course 80-some years ago! However, it is likely that the first development to be unmistakably obvious to your whole world will be global reset. This complex process requires the cooperation of a large number of national leaders, and, with ever-rising vibrations, their agreement to proceed could come thisyear. If not that soon, please don't be disappointed—an honest, secure foundation for your global economy is on the near horizon.
"This year I've been receiving a lot of messages from different people about the tithe. I would like to know what Matthew has to say about it." Giving 10% of one's income to the church was a Vatican edict that enabled popes and others high in the church hierarchy to live in opulence and parish priests to live comfortably while poverty was the lot of many in the Catholic congregation. Other religions adopted the tithe to build grand churches to "praise God." Church is nota building, it is each individual's personal relationship with God; sharing from the heart is godliness, the tithe was devised by man with greed as its taproot. When the peoples realize that Christianity was organized by the heads of church and state to control the masses and enrich themselves and other religions also were corrupted by the infiltration of dark minds, all dogmas will fall by the wayside and the pureness of spirituality will endure.
Some candidates running for office in the United States are pledging adherence to the Constitution, a document compiled when owning slaves was white people's right and only men were considered capable of voting intelligently. Well before the Bill of Rights granted citizenship to former slaves and permitted women to cast ballots, there was A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. The second amendment, written about 225 years ago, provided for the young country's readiness in case the British tried to regain control and arms were muskets. Yet many citizens cite this amendment as their right to have weapons designed for today's battlefields, and some believe they will need to use those weapons when "… they're going to declare martial law so they can take our guns away ." Energy generated by those thoughts and feelings not only adds momentum to the proliferation of weapons, it is manifesting a standoff because it's conflicting with energy directed toward ending violence and achieving a world at peace.
but I will take hold opinion until I look into it further.
Great article , thanks and we need more! Added to FeedBurner as well.


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Example Keywords: tetris -jelly $52 Advanced search
upcScavenger » Barcode: 0602498259429 » BarcodeComment: Hello-status-recording-guilty-north-quos-2187355687
Hello! Guilty Pleasure, June 28, 2000
Guilty Hello Recording Status
Many pleasures in life are privately enjoyed, yet publicly decried. Reading intentionally disposable magazines, watching mindless television, surfing the Internet--all relaxation in the form of guilty pleasures. In the realm of popular music, Status Quo is a guilty pleasure. Status Quo's fans concede that the group is an oddity, something that cannot be explained, but which nonetheless enjoys unparalleled success in Britain and embarks routinely on world tours (which, sadly, do not often include North America). The Hello! recording, in particular, has immediate historical relevance for North Americans, though. The Hello! album cover was the model for the Spinal Tap recording that would emulate it, just as Status Quo itself was the primary model for Spinal Tap, the band. Hello! is also the recording that cemented Status Quo's music in the rock annals. The songs exhibit the songwriting that launched the band's superstardom in most of the world. "Roll Over Lay Down"...
Hello! Guilty Pleasure, June 28, 2000 (2020-05-06)
Author: Christopher Browning (At..
Hellooooo, September 2, 2002 (2020-05-06)
Author: Phil On "purpletemple" (..
...do yourself a favour and buy one the 70's Quo albums!Hello, Piledrive, On the level ,Quo, live ,blue for you...all five stars.It's a hundred percent BOOGIE, not too bright but so well done!The rythm section is just a rollin' machine, a solid foundation to guitar harmonies and blasting solos.Hello is one their finest work, not a single bad or even so-so song.So buy it, turn the volume up to 11 on a 10 scale and let's BOOGIE!!
They're the best....., March 17, 2003 (2020-05-06)
Author: David A. Petroski (Orlan..
If anyone can listen to "Caroline", "Roll Over Lay Down" or "Forty Five Hundred Times" and not want to hear everything else available by this phenominal band, you don't know what Rock 'N Roll is. Everything they've done is no less than superb!!


I hope all are well with God's grace. It just does not have to be good. Keep your computer well. I do not know how much you love your computer. But I love my computer a lot.So if my computer gets sick, I think I'm sick. The main thing behind the illness is computer virus malware.
This thing is so risky that you can completely disable your computer system as a guest on your computer. So today you will introduce yourself to this Malware and how to prevent it and try to give a little guidance on how to remove them from your PC if attacked.
What is computer virus malware? What can this do? How many hands does it? Let's know a little.
Why does hacker create such malware? What makes them malware?
So how do you keep your computer malware free?
The computer virus malware is full of malicious software. This is what extraordinary or illegal access to your computer. That is, it is a software program that is not quite right, and bad luck, if you enter your computer, you can undo your whole computer. Now that I am in a house where the light of day is not seen then how can I get this malware?
Hey, did not reach the light, but now the internet is with you. If you access a malicious website, download a malicious software, add a malicious add-on, click on any malicious ad, and then maliciously open the email when your computer can enter the malware called Fahinhe Wire.
There are three types of malware that we all are less familiar with. These are viruses, Trojans and worms. If the rest of the time get an opportunity, we will discuss.
Let's briefly find out which of these three experts are working.
This is a polite nature malware. It would seem beneficial to see it. It would seem very useful. But you can do a lot of damage. In one word it is a taut or spoofed malware. Think you have a very nice but feat an antivirus installed virus warning from any website. It came and scanned all your files very well and later could not even open a file. All locked. Beyond more money. This way, all of your computers can take this trojan access.
Everyone is less familiar with this. It may enter your computer and destroy certain files or certain applications of certain formats. For example, some videos on your computer are not open suddenly. Or your software, such as a video player, is no longer working. If there is a video taken from another computer on another computer, then the file or application of that computer will be in vain.
I know that the question is that many people are rotting in the head. Let's understand why they are. Though viruses and other malware are designed to harm the computer, many malware is currently used by the organised criminals to steal credit card numbers and additional sensitive information. Through the Floppy Disks in DOS Computer, there are many types of malware spread.
Malware but not just for those who are bothered or made fun. Even the primary purpose of creating malware, but not harm your computer. Thinking, 'then'? The main purpose of creating malware is to 'profit'. The primary purpose of creating so many malware is to save interest or profit. Criminals make malware and other harmful software only to make money.
Currently, all types of data or data are kept on their computer and all tickets purchased from the ticket booking, and the net is made through the net. All kinds of payments are made through credit card or visa card. Hackers use These data for malware. And the most important thing is that hackers now use malware, and now all countries use their programmer to create different types of malware.
One country creates such malware to steal data from another country (especially the cyber war in the developed world continues). Recently, Russia's involvement with the construction of one of the most dangerous malware is that of Uruburus.
One country creates such computer virus malware to steal data from another country (especially the cyber war in the developed world continues). Recently, Russia's involvement with the construction of one of the most dangerous malware is that of Uruburus.
However, there are many more reasons why malware is created. How do I understand? Which malicious website? This is why any antivirus and anti-malware are used. They will say that malicious webpage or file.
There is no alternative to antivirus to keep malware free. But an antivirus may not be able to remove all advanced malware. So today I've brought you a free wire that can remove advanced malware.
If you enjoyed the post please take a moment to share this post with your friends and let them know about this.
Previous articleXposed Framework Android-How To install And Its Advantages?


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Q: Amplify SDK login - Custom UI - Android Is it possible to use a custom UI for Amplify Android's login process? I have checked online and there is very little or none about this subject. The official documentation just talks about using the web UI and that's it.
There are Amplify UI Components(https://docs.amplify.aws/ui) available for JavaScript (React, Angular, etc.) but nothing for native Android or iOS.
Also here it states(https://docs.amplify.aws/start/q/integration/android) that the Amplify UI Components are available for other implementations only
I also checked the AWS labs repo on GitHub(https://github.com/awslabs/aws-sdk-android-samples), and there's nothing about UI.
Anyone been able to use a custom UI to login with Amplify, on Android?

A: As Jameson mentioned, Amplify is in the process of developing this for Android but in the meantime you can use the escape hatch of Amplify Auth to get an instance of the old AWSMobileClient and use its drop in auth solution. Note that this will be deprecated in the future so use with that in mind.
Here's how to get AWSMobileClient through the escape hatch: https://docs.amplify.aws/lib/auth/escapehatch/q/platform/android
How to use AWSMobileClient drop in auth: https://docs.amplify.aws/sdk/auth/drop-in-auth/q/platform/android
Dependencies needed for AWSMobileClient drop in auth: https://docs.amplify.aws/sdk/auth/getting-started/q/platform/android

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The major premise behind Aquarius is 'The Brotherhood of Man' and how as individuals, we best serve our fellow man, other Earth inhabitants, Plants, Animals, Sea Creatures and the Planet as a whole.
Other archetypes include: Independence, Rebellion, Radical, Expansive, Change, Forward Thinking, Aspirations, Expansion, Group Endeavors, Activated Vision, and the Social Collective.
For this reason, Angel Cambiel helps us to consider where our ambitions, principles and ideals lie and what part they actually play in our life.
Are we full of airy-fairy talk that sounds good but never actually achieves anything? Or do we come together and take action? Typically Aquarians in their power exude confidence to act out their ideas.
Angel Cambiel feels lofty in the reach of her presence and yet supremely maternal, which brings her up close and personal. Aquarian incisive vision can deliver unpalatable truths that require action. Ask Angel Cambiel to help you through moments of focused activity followed by periods of rest and musing whilst under her influence.
Cambiel will also help you increase Divine Masculine and Feminine energies and developing deeper spiritual identity and growth activity.


In the second part of our FA Cup series we focus on seeing off any potential upset at the hands of Macclesfield Town.
It was the 51st meeting between the Silkmen of Macclesfield Town and Wigan Athletic, taking into account just two fixtures since Latics joined the Football League with the majority of games stretched over the Cheshire League and Northern Premier League.
The last time Latics (pictured right before the game) faced Macclesfield it ended with the same score line as the one that sent the club into the fifth round of the FA Cup but the solitary goal from David Lee came a minute earlier back in February 1999 when the sides met in Division Two.
Two long-standing non-league rivals competing against each other at opposite ends of the spectrum in the FA Cup brought traditional magic to the fourth round this season and an upset pined for by neutrals was something Roberto Martinez and his team were keen to avoid.
Moss Rose was the stage as nostalgia kicked in for many of the 2,000 plus travelling supporters but a feeling of the unknown was present for those born this side of 1978 with many of the club's new generation of fans experiencing terraces for the very first time.
The stage was ready for somebody to set alight and within the opening 10 minutes Callum McManaman was the one to do it.
Unleashed down the left wing by a bending Jordi Gomez through-ball, McManaman saw his chance to bare down on goal but in doing so was chased and bundled over by a clumsy challenge from Macclesfield defender Thierry Audel.
Gomez (pictured left) was the man with the task of facing the hosts' on-loan debutant goalkeeper Joe Anyon, whose first touch was a brush of his fingertips on the Spaniard's left footed spot kick as Latics went 1-0 up.
McManaman continued to be Latics' outlet on that left side but Blue Square Premier Macclesfield certainly put up a fight and it was not until six minutes of added time had passed that Latics could breathe easy and plan their fifth round trip.
It was the first time since the famous cup run of 1986/87 that the club had progressed through the fourth round, in what was the first cup meeting between Latics and Macclesfield since 1967 when they faced each other in the fourth qualifying round.
With rich history between the sides, it was youthful exuberance that paid off in 2013, with plenty of Latics' young players getting their chance to impress.
On loan Spanish goalkeeper Joel Robles (pictured right) made his debut for the club, Nouha Dicko claimed his first start and Roman Golobart and Jordan Mustoe continued their pushes to impress.
Determined defending proved too much for Macclesfield on a day that was all about progressing and avoiding a potential banana skin.
"It is fantastic to get a clean sheet on my debut but I have to emphasise that it is down to everyone in the team that it happened.
"From the first whistle I felt comfortable in the team because my team mates made me feel part of the team.
"This was my 100th appearance for the club in all competitions and it was nice to cap it off with a goal.
"The most important thing is that we won the game but it's always nice to have personal achievements."
"I was quite comfortable coming on and I'm glad the gaffer gave me the chance to come back.
"We had to defend very well to get through to the next round because Macclesfield were very motivated in front of their home crowd, I think we did a good job."
You can view highlights from the fourth round tie by [clicking here] and you can also read part one of our FA Cup feature by [clicking here], part three will follow next Tuesday.


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Q: Impossible do find motherboard drivers to Dell Dimension 3000 I recently formatted and reinstalled XP on my girlfriends computer. I've had this computer since 2001, never formatted it, until now =) Anyway the problem is that I can't find any drivers for the motherboard (integrated audio, video and Ethernet). as i said its an old ass Dell. Cant remember if I got any CDs along with it. Even if i did they're gone a long time ago.
So, I ran CPUZ and got this:
--Motherboard--
Dell Computer Corp. Model 0K8980

And started googling. But didnt find any drivers. Still cant
So I'm asking for a little help here.
I really need to get the computer going before she wants a new one :D
And yes I have looked on dells homesite, but they don't seem to wanna host drivers for their old stuff

A: A quick Google reveals that model no to be a Dimension 3000
Dell has plenty of drivers for that model:
http://support.euro.dell.com/support/downloads/driverslist.aspx?c=uk&cs=ukdhs1&l=en&s=dhs&ServiceTag=&SystemID=DIM_CEL_3000&os=WW1&osl=en&catid=&impid=
Even better, look for the Service Tag on the back/bottom and put that in here to get your exact machine's details

A: You're looking for drivers for the board, which is a mistake. Dell assumes all their customers are idiots, so they bundle the software by the machine, not the actual hardware. So what you need to do is look up drivers for a Dell Dimension 3000 and it'll give you the software pack. Or you can just click here.

A: Windows Update is sometimes helpful in this regard.
If you can't find drivers, secondhand PCI add-in cards might be a better solution.
The 3COM 3C905 series of cards are good 10/100 cards, can usually be found fairly cheaply, and have drivers for pretty much every operating system that has ever run on an x86 chip.
As for audio...jury's out on what brand, but if you can find something decent the drivers should be built into XP or readily available from the manufacturer.


Civil rights groups are rejoicing over a federal district court's injunction against the enforcement of the "California civil rights initiative." Chances are, though, that the higher courts will set aside the injunction and find that the CCRI--now Article 1, Section 31 of the California Constitution--is plainly constitutional.
To do this, the courts need not impose uncompromising constitutional colorblindness, a dramatic step they may be reluctant to take. They need only recognize that popular referendums such as CCRI are the most viable way of extricating the country from a rancorous debate.
The ACLU and its fellow plaintiffs in the CCRI litigation attack CCRI precisely because it is a referendum. While conceding that government bodies are "of course" free to repeal race preferences they enacted, the ACLU argues that the voters may not move the issue to a "new and remote" level of government. Enshrining colorblindness in the state Constitution is "discriminatory" because it makes it harder for racial minorities (but not other groups) to obtain benefits--that is, race-based preferences.
How can a constitutional provision that flat-out prohibits discrimination for or against anybody to violate the equal protection clause and "discriminate" against minorities? The ACLU hangs its argument on a 1982 Supreme Court case, Washington vs. Seattle School District, in which a 5-4 majority struck down a state constitutional amendment that would have prohibited local school boards from using business to promote racial integration. The court's reasoning in that case is best explained by the political context: The white majority had moved the busing issue from local school boards, where blacks wielded at least some influence, to the state level, where they were overwhelmed. The Washington court, however, expressly authorized statewide bans on local preferences. And in any event, the CCRI opponents' attempt to paint CCRI as a conspiracy against minorities is absurd.
California of 1997 isn't Mississippi of 1962; it's the most multiracial, laid-back state in the country. A state where white males form a numerical minority is an extremely unlikely site for a supremacist conspiracy. It is, on the other hand, a very likely site for a populist backlash against an uncontrollable multiracial spoils system. To paraphrase CCRI sponsor Ward Connerly, California grants "Juan" a preference over "Chang" in 1997 because "James"J' grandfather discriminated against "Willie's" grandmother in 1937. California discriminates against Asians in college admissions and makes up for it by granting them preferences in contracting.
While popular referendums can be abused by majorities to trample on minorities, they more often are a useful corrective to the failures of the ordinary political process. Legislatures are dominated by powerful, deeply entrenched special interests, and pork barrel politics can spawn policies that nobody really wants and everybody is powerless to end--short of going directly to the voters.
Completely divorced from the original affirmative action goal of remedying past discrimination, preferences had mushroomed into a racial spoils system. Most programs were not simply questionable policy but unconstitutional even before CCRI. (Under binding Supreme Court precedents, race-based programs must be "narrowly tailored" to remedy past discrimination.) Piecemeal reforms proved impossible. Massive institutional resistance, the power of an entrenched grievance industry and the prohibitive costs of bringing suits over every existing program protected the preference edifice.
Even when legislative reforms could have taken the steam out of the underfunded campaign for CCRI, the California legislature defeated attempts to do so. The basic lesson of CCRI's enactment is that an absurd system of preferences can't be reformed piece by piece and within the institutions that spawned it. It is best to end the preference game all at once, and a popular referendum provided the only way of doing so.
Perhaps the chief attraction of the referendum process is to compress an awkward and divisive brawl into a few months of open debate. The unpalatable alternative--and the explicit logic of the ACLU's position--is to extend the debate into endless battles before school boards and city councils in state after state.
For the courts, upholding CCRI against an implausible legal attack has the advantage that they need not be the ones to end this spectacle. They merely have to allow the voters to end it. In passing CCRI, the voters of California have offered the courts their last best chance to exit gracefully from a nasty debate. They won't miss the opportunity.


text:
Storm Clouds Gathering
HizballahSyria and Lebanon
By Isi Leibler, Israel Hayom—
The Syrian civil war is almost over. President Basher Assad remains in power, and Iran and its proxy Hezbollah are the clear victors.
Disconcertingly, the Americans and Russians have apparently agreed to let Hezbollah and Iranian ground forces remain, threatening Israel's northern borders. Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov has given assurances that Israel's security will not be threatened, but Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has said that, if necessary, Israel will take military steps to keep the Iranians at bay. This will require a balancing act because Netanyahu does not wish to jeopardize his good relationship with Russian President Vladimir Putin.
The tension is being compounded by Iranian threats to destroy Israel and by the upheavals in Lebanon, with Prime Minister Saad Hariri announcing his resignation but retracting it a week later, and President Michel Aoun warning of an imminent Israeli attack.
Israel, meanwhile, is developing a common front with Saudi Arabia. Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman has described the Iranian supreme leader as a new Hitler. IDF Chief of Staff Lt. Gen. Gadi Eizenkot told a Saudi newspaper that Israel is willing to share intelligence about Iran with Saudi Arabia. In turn, two Saudi former ministers visited a Paris synagogue – an important signal.
Yet the covert alliance between the moderate Sunnis and Israel is based on expediency and may not last long.
The Saudis insist they have no relationship with Israel, yet they exert major influence on U.S. President Donald Trump and have urged him to revisit their original plan, which does not meet Israel's security requirements.
Collaboration with Egypt against the Islamic State group and the personal relationship with President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi are excellent, but the Egyptian media and mosques continue their anti-Semitic incitement.
The Palestinian unity government has not lessened Hamas' ambition to obliterate Israel and determination to retain control of Gaza.
Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas continues his anti-Israel incitement but maintains military coordination with Israel. He shows no sign of willingness to make concessions and continues rewarding terrorist prisoners – including Hamas members – and their families.
The EU seems prepared to boycott Israeli settlement products, an unprecedented step. However, the determining factor regarding diplomacy rests with the U.S., where public opinion and Congress remain pro-Israel.
Still, given the many contradictory signals, one can only tentatively guess what Trump's intentions are.
Trump failed to move the U.S. Embassy to Jerusalem and has done nothing to punish Abbas for financially rewarding terrorists. He has, essentially, extended President Barack Obama's policy of talking to both parties and ignoring Palestinian intransigence.
Secretary of State Rex Tillerson announced that he would close the PLO's Washington office if Abbas initiated war crimes proceedings against Israel and refused to enter serious peace negotiations. In response, the Palestinians threatened to sever relations with the Americans, and the U.S. quickly backtracked.
There are unsubstantiated reports that early next year the administration will announce a U.S.-drafted peace plan, including a two-state solution not based on the 1949 armistice lines. It is said to stipulate that no one would be displaced and could include limiting settlement growth to the major blocs. It is not believed to deal with Jerusalem.
Despite lip service to the contrary, the PLO has always opposed a two-state solution, as evidenced by its refusal to compromise over the claimed Palestinian "right of return" to Israel.
These proposals would be accompanied by confidence-building proposals and the Palestinians would receive generous economic aid from the Sunni Arab states. They would be required to cease campaigns for international recognition as well as financial rewards to terrorists. Most of Israel's security needs, such as an ongoing Israeli presence in the Jordan Valley, would be assured.
Netanyahu and American officials have denied the accuracy of these reports and declined to comment.
In this volatile, uncertain environment, some things remain clear: Israel must maintain deterrence and be guided exclusively by its security requirements.
The Trump administration's proposal will have a significant political impact. If Israeli security needs are met, Netanyahu will do his utmost for peace. But he rightly believes that there is no chance for peace with a Palestinian leadership that remains committed to Israel's destruction. He seeks to persuade Trump to hold the Palestinians accountable while displaying a willingness to intensify confidence-building initiatives to enhance their quality of life.
A powerful campaign is needed to deliver this message to the U.S. administration. Netanyahu's adversaries must realize that no other Israeli can handle this as effectively as the prime minister.
Between the histrionic media campaign against Netanyahu, the ultra-Orthodox parties' threats to bring down the government, the American Reform and Conservative movements' use of the Western Wall issue to whip up anger against Israel, and Deputy Foreign Minister Tzipi Hotovely's lambasting of American Jews, Israel's internal cohesion and relations with the Diaspora have been harshly tested. Now is the time for Israeli and Diaspora Jews to set aside their differences. Those who appreciate Israel's importance must display unity in the face of the storm clouds gathering around us.
Categories: Hizballah, Syria and LebanonBy The Jerusalem Connection November 30, 2017 Leave a comment
PreviousPrevious post:Hezbollah Chieftain Nasrallah a 'Target' for Israel in 'Next War in Lebanon,' IDF General SaysNextNext post:Saudis Fed Up: "Palestinians Milking Us for Decades"
Israel ups airstrikes in Syria as next step against Iran
Hezbollah warns it will hit Israel again if IDF strikes, releases attack video
IDF ramps up pressure on Lebanon following rocket fire on Israel
Hezbollah Steps Up Preparations for Lebanon's Collapse
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Lebanon Must End its Poisonous Political Relationship with Hezbollah


The Double Heart Conversation cake is basically an anniversary cake where you get 2×500grm cakes where you can express your feelings by writing on it. Both the cakes are customised as per your requirements and sent to you the same day when you order it. Usually you get one cake in Vanilla flavour and the other one chocolate flavoured there is a lot of space on this cake to write your feelings as this cake is plain from above. The Double Heart Conversation is a sweet mode of conversation between a couple which in turn increases the love between them as well.
Want to surprise your loved one? Want to ensure an everlasting smile on your darling`s face?


Children-to in a sentence. The word Children-to in example sentences. Children-to dictionary definition. Children-to pronunciation.
The word "children-to" in a example sentences. Learn the definition of children-to and how to use it in a sentence.
How to use children-to in a sentence. Children-to pronunciation.
Several of the foreign consuls came into my lines and asked that the time given for them-the women and children-to depart from the city be extended until 10 o'clock on July 5th.
Let them suppose that all the inhabitants of an ordinary English town, with the exception of the class known as poor people, which can hardly be said to exist in a colony, were at an hour's notice ordered-all, the aged, and the sick, delicate women, and tiny children-to leave their homes to the mercy of the enemy, and crowd up in a little space under shelter of a fort, with nothing but canvas tents or sheds to cover them from the fierce summer suns and rains, and the coarsest rations to feed them; whilst the husbands and brothers were daily engaged with a cunning and dangerous enemy, and sometimes brought home wounded or dead.
Sh_. Oh, my lands, my lands!-Ah, my money, my money!-Farewell, my fine palace!-The thousands that fellow will have to squander!-Ah, my helpless children!-To think of the vines I planted last year!
I shall read it to my grand children-to be continude.
And I have never succeeded in persuading any young persons under my charge-except my own two children-to say that they were wrong or sorry, nor at this time of life do I expect to do so.
It will take time and determination and tact, but I know that it is possible to train the children-not the untrained city slum children perhaps, but the average town children-to behave like ladies and gentlemen left almost entirely to themselves through a whole evening.
They told the Indians that the English meant to take everything from them, their lands, their wigwams, and their possessions, including their squaws and children-to make slaves of the latter-and that the red men must fight or be wiped out.
Already at the sight of his banner floating by the side of Edward's, the gunner had repaired to his bombard, the archer had taken up his bow; the village itself, before disaffected, poured all its scanty population-women, and age, and children-to the walls.
This induced me to write a second letter, as follows: "Santiago de Cuba, July 3d, 1898.
I am, with great respect, your obedient servant, "William R Shafter, "Maj.-Gen.
The wretched letter-the wretched story!
And then he thought suddenly: 'I could send her a present for her birthday.
They will, then, have some idea of what was gone through by the loyal people of Pretoria, in their weak confidence in the good faith of the English Government.
People in England hardly understand what these men and women went through because they chose to remain loyal.


text:
MF Doom: Iconic masked hip-hop star dies aged 49
The rapper's wife Jasmine announced on Thursday that he had died on 31 October in a post online.
Friday 1 January 2021 03:56, UK
Image: Rapper MF Doom has died aged 49
British-born rapper MF Doom has died at the age of 49, his wife has confirmed.
The hip hop star, real name Daniel Dumile, was known for his elusive public image and for performing in a mask inspired by the Marvel Comics supervillain Doctor Doom.
His wife Jasmine announced on Thursday that he had died on 31 October in a post online.
The cause of death was not revealed.
A post shared by MF DOOM. ALL CAPS. (@mfdoom)
Addressed to the rapper, his wife's message read: "The greatest husband, father, teacher, student, business partner, lover and friend I could ever ask for. Thank you for all the things you have shown, taught and given to me, our children and our family.
"Thank you for teaching me how to forgive beings and give another chance, not to be so quick to judge and write off. Thank you for showing how not to be afraid to love and be the best person I could ever be.
"My world will never be the same without you. Words will never express what you and Malachi mean to me, I love both and adore you always. May THE ALL continue to bless you, our family and the planet."
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Dumile, who moved to New York with his family at a young age, launched his music career during hip hop's golden age of the late 1980s and became a prominent figure in underground hip hop of the early 21st century.
He began performing at open-mic events in Manhattan in 1997, obscuring his face by putting a woman's stocking over his head.
Image: Rapper MF Doom performing at a benefit concert in New York in 2005
Dumile later began wearing a mask similar to that worn by Doctor Doom, and featured an image of the character on his debut album, Operation: Doomsday.
The rapper was known for his collaborative projects, recording recorded full albums with artists including Danger Mouse, Ghostface Killah and Bishop Nehru.
Figures in the music industry have paid tribute to the star following the announcement of his death.
Rapper Tyler, The Creator said: "safe travels villain".
Radio presenter Zane Lowe wrote: "Rest In Peace to the great MF Doom. An true Artist who gifted us with eternal innovation and creativity. I was listening to KMD just the other day. Still mind blowing. To have lived in a time..."
Fellow rapper Denzel Curry added: "LONG LIVE MF DOOM."
Flying Lotus, who produced music for MF Doom, said: "My soul is crushed."


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Updated Mar 26, 2020 - Politics & Policy
How the coronavirus stimulus bill helps you
Alayna Treene, author of Sneak Peek
Illustration: Sarah Grillo/Axios
Congress' $2 trillion coronavirus stimulus package is the rare legislative agreement that will have an immediate — and lasting — impact on ordinary citizens across the country.
Why it matters: The 883-page bill, titled the "CARES Act," includes thousands of dollars in direct payments to most Americans, and huge loan packages designed to help keep small businesses and corporations afloat.
Here's what's in the bill:
Direct payments: Americans will receive a one-time direct deposit of up to $1,200, and married couples will get $2,400, plus an additional $500 per child. The payments will be available for incomes up to $75,000 for individuals and $150,000 for married couples. This is true even for those who have no income, rely on Social Security benefits, or whose income comes entirely from non-taxable, means-tested benefit programs.
Use of retirement funds: The bill waives the 10% early withdrawal penalty for distributions up to $100,000 for coronavirus-related purposes, retroactive to Jan. 1.
Small businesses: $350 billion is being dedicated to prevent layoffs and business closures while workers have to stay home during the outbreak. Companies with 500 employees or fewer that maintain their payroll during coronavirus can receive up to 8 weeks of cash-flow assistance. If employers maintain payroll, the portion of the loans used for covered payroll costs, interest on mortgage obligations, rent, and utilities would be forgiven.
The unemployed: The program's $250 billion extended unemployment insurance program — "unemployment on steroids," as Sen. Chuck Schumer calls it — expands eligibility and offers workers an additional $600 per week for four months, on top of what state programs pay. It also extends UI benefits through Dec. 31 for eligible workers. The deal applies to the self-employed, independent contractors and gig economy workers.
Hospitals and health care: The deal provides over $140 billion in appropriations to support the U.S. health system, $100 billion of which will be injected directly into hospitals. The rest will be dedicated to providing personal and protective equipment for health care workers, testing supplies, increased workforce and training, accelerated Medicare payments, and supporting the CDC, among other health investments.
Coronavirus testing: All testing and potential vaccines for COVID-19 will be covered at no cost to patients.
Large corporations: $500 billion will be allotted to provide loans, loan guarantees, and other investments, overseen by a Treasury Department inspector general. These loans will not exceed five years and cannot be forgiven.
Airlines will receive $50 billion (of the $500 billion) for passenger air carriers, and $8 billion for cargo air carriers.
Payroll taxes: The measure allows individuals to delay the payment of their 2020 payroll taxes until 2021 and 2022.
States and local governments will get $150 billion, with $8 billion set aside for tribal governments.
Agriculture: The deal would increase the amount the Agriculture Department can spend on its bailout program from $30 billion to $50 billion, according to a press release issued by Sen. John Hoeven (R-N.D.)
The timing: The Senate passed the bill late Wednesday night.
House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer says the House plans to vote on the package via a voice vote on Friday. This gives members who wish to debate the bill in person the option to do so, while also enabling those unable to return to Washington during coronavirus an option to stay in their home districts.
Read the 883-page bill.
Read summaries of the bill's tax, unemployment, small business, health and "distressed" industries policies.
Senate passes the stimulus package
Editor's note: This story has been updated to reflect the latest details.
Subscribe to Mike Allen's Axios AM to follow our coronavirus coverage each morning from your inbox.


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Q: Selecting a period in field based on range Thank you all in advance for any help. I'm Still very new to access and have no idea where to start to find a solution.
What I am trying to do is to auto populate a field in my table called "Period". I would like to have it use the "Activity_Date" to look into a different table that has date ranges that reference to the correct period. Based on which "Period" the "Activity_Date" falls under will return the correct "Period". I've tried using calculated data type and queries and I feel no closer to an answer than when I started.
Thanks again for your time.

A: I would question why you NEED to populate the field period in your table.
In short, I wouldn't bother.
The period it is in can be derrived from the activity date field that is in the same record.
So you can write select statements that calc the period for the record in your MyTable as required.
    SELECT TableWithPeriods.period, MyTable.activity_date
    FROM  MyTable
          LEFT JOIN TableWithPeriods
          ON MyTable.activity_date
             BETWEEN TableWithPeriods.StartDate
                 AND TableWithPeriods.EndDate

If you need to access the period a lot then there is an argument for keeping a period value in the MyTable in step with the TableWithPeriods.
Keeping in step could be akward though as what if someone changes one of the period 's dates?
Keeping in step might mean writing a bit of SQL to update ALL MyTable rows that wither do not have the period set or when the period is now different.
A VBA update statement will look a bit like the SELECT above.
Or
you could use database the onchange macros that respond to data being added or updated in the MyTable  (and the TableWithPeriods, if users can change dates).
Anyway, there's my opinion.  I would NOT copy the value over.
PS I'm not 100% sure about the SQl I gave above, this might work though
    SELECT TableWithPeriods.period, MyTable.activity_date
    FROM  MyTable
          LEFT JOIN TableWithPeriods
          ON ( MyTable.activity_date >= TableWithPeriods.StartDate
                 AND MyTable.activity_date <= TableWithPeriods.EndDate )


Yay I'm on the mend so I will be back in class tomorrow (Tuesday). This week we do not have swimming, we will be practising for the up and coming junior athletics day, starting with long jump and high jump during the afternoons.
This term our concept is Symbols: something that stands for or represents something else, for instance a skull and crossbones representing poison or pirates, an "X" representing a crosswalk in traffic. As we look around us, we see numerous symbols telling us about something, whether it is about a person in relation to something (a school, a gang), or an instruction about how to do something (as in traffic signs). What symbols mean and how they work can be very powerful. This week we will be looking at what symbols we have around us, our home, on the roads etc and what they mean, if you have anything that we could use for a class display that we could borrow this would be great.
On Wednesday the middle school will be hosting the rosary, next week will be the juniors turn. You are welcome to join us in the hall at 8.45am.
From this week, children are expected to wear their sun hats, so if children aren't wearing a hat they must go under the school verandas. Please ensure that your child's hat is named and that you remind them to put it in their bags when not wearing it. Hat loss is an ongoing issue for the school but it is important for their health and safety that they are worn during the summer months.
A message from Mr Macmillan: Next weekend we are have a working bee at our school. We have a number of jobs on our list ranging from handy-man jobs, spreading cushionfall under the senior playground, maintenance on the senior playground, replacing rotten palings on our boundary fences, repairing the tops of our garden plots, putting up the shade cloth and I am sure there will be plenty more jobs to do. Come along and meet other parents, enjoy a morning tea and a delicious lunch. Children are welcome also. For catering purposes please let the office know if you can assist, even if it is for an hour or two.
Reading logs are due back by Wednesday, so if forms are back in their will be in the draw to win some fabulous prizes for summer.


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К счастью сегодня сапожками угги очень сложно хоть кого-то удивить: они уже завоевали умы людей и в столице нашей страны продаются миллионными партиями. Изначально такие сапоги стали производить в Австралии, где в почете овцеводство и был широко доступен незаменимый материал для изготовления таких сапожек тёплая овечья шерсть.
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