it is about the time to rethink their attitude because there are plenty of presses and printers where you can make business cards very cheap and very fast.|When selecting unique advertising material for your company demands, you should go for custom printed postcards. Without a doubt, postcards are published in lots of ways and dimensions, but, one particular postcard that is actually common is 4 x 6 and 5 x 7 postcard printing. The postcard print process can be done with the help of a digital printer or offset printing processes. But it's the entire process of style and purchase that renders postcards that are online therefore convenient and smooth. Because of the technologies that are new this method is not as slow as it used to be before.|For example, when shopping for the proper style of the marketing product these internet based print agencies will provide you with the chance to write a unique postcard build through their particular web site. Such as this, postcard printing series really quick and positive results. Additionally, web printers are one of the most readily useful choice when searching to printing postcards low priced. The thing is that most for the on-line print agencies will offer you economical printing providers with respect to the number of the copies you want to make – the bigger the transaction, the larger the discount.
Business cards tend to be little, and so could easily be worn in a pocket, case or wallet. It may be of a huge assist carrying a pile of business cards when you look at the auto and keeping all of them at work drawer and also at house. How to create them? Generating a continuing business card doesn't need to be extremely tough. In many problems, a simple slogan that defines the organization can be extremely welcome as well. And when it comes to the design associated with continuing business card, getting innovative can make marvels, but you shouldn't go crazy. With a bit of imagination and spending budget, you are able to still be very imaginative without leaving the common style of the ID card.|For sample, you can make use of a background that is different, you can include a Braille message, printing in hard plastic, print little CD's, generate spherical sides from the card and similar. The options were endless and simply the air may be the restrict regarding layout and manufacturing. One more thing this is certainly important to consider when printing business cards is actually just how many of these your will wanted. Sometimes it is enough to print a small range cards, as an example for some occasion that is special. If you want them for your business, the best thing is to always choose mass prints because this means the cost of each business card are notably less and you'll be in a position to save money as well. Only at 55printing.com it is possible to choose to print as few as 100 cards or as many as 100.000 cards. In conclusion, when you reproduce the business cards or hand them up to become published, ensure things are spelled properly. Don't forget about to check on every highlight, number, comma… Keep on mind that less is more, thus avoid using different photographs, fonts, shades, etc. simpleness is the vital thing to triumph and expert find. The element that is only the card that should be a lot more noticeable as compared to others may be the term associated with business in addition to logo design! Promoting a business card that is the at same time effective and profitable is not too harder if you are able to invest a little bit of efforts and your time in promoting an excellent mindset for the 55 prints – Offset Printing Machine best advertising material labeled as Postcard that is printing for a much better businesses presentation probably one of the most marketing that is popular for company marketing is definitely the postcard printing. Just how one printing team will print a specific item – in this situation postcard, varies from team to providers and also for this explanation you really need to select most suitable to your requirements. Postcard printing is out there for a complete lot of time and postcards were used as one of the earliest means of communications between folk. This way, the majority of the ongoing organizations accustomed advertise their organizations as well. One of several newest fashions in postcard printing is online printing.|Another that you always include a link towards your website where your new clients and customers will be able to seek for more information about what important things is actually keeping everything simple, in how that the marketing product seems elegant and professional and that it doesn't seem low priced. Which means you will want to limit the range colour in the style, but from the time that is same utilize a captivating layout that attracts the eye in the clients/customers. The overall process of postcard printing will be less troublesome and your promotional campaign will be more successful by remembering these two simple rules. When considering the look, since this is the most important as well as the most important things that your customers will see, all of the on-line printers will offer you fundamental themes on their website.
These small cards are particularly beneficial in 1st approach if you want to talk about someone, as this way to your contact you only have to hand over the card which currently includes all of the necessary data how anybody can get in contact with your. A proper finished business card can certainly make an extremely stronger and good influence on the device. We could effortlessly claim that business cards are indeed essential to generate effective personal with prospective customers, manufacturers or even potential partners. lightweight card will then act as a vital software to communicate their contact details, reliability and finally stimulate the storage of a client that is potential. Due to this fact, making a looking that is nice useful and top quality business card is essential in the wide world of businesses. As a matter of fact, we never know whenever we will meet a potential clients, partner or supplier. When considering the size of business cards, there is actually an ISO standards for that. It is labeled as ISO 7810 also it standardizes the files and binders and explained three basic formats.|This helps make the general process cheaper and quicker and the majority of importantly, all of the on-line printing providers offering cheap postcard prints. Printing a postcard try a really process that is easy. What makes the process that is entire simpler and easier, occurs when the client understands just what he desires and just what he wants to achieve from that marketing information.|Note this particular means the postcard will not have a unique layout, and therefore perhaps this layout has been used by another providers currently, but it facilitate greatly to the people those who don't bring cash to blow on choosing a professional designer. Needless to say, you are able to personalize the preferred template aided by the right book, information and with best graphics. Firms should not ignore to constantly put their logo at the same time.
These tiny cards have become beneficial in 1st means if you want to share the contact with anyone, since this ways you simply have to pay the card which currently has most of the necessary data as to how anyone can get in touch with your. A proper finished business card will always make a really powerful and effect that is positive the radio. We could easily declare that business cards are indeed necessary to render effective personal with prospective customers, vendors or also potential partners. little card will then act as a vital software to speak your own email address, credibility and in the end stimulate the storage of a potential clients. This is why, generating a looking that is nice useful and high-quality business card is really important in the world of companies. As a matter of fact, we never know whenever we will meet a client that is potential mate or supplier. In most circumstances, a simple slogan that describes the firm can be extremely welcome also. As soon as it comes to the form with the business card, are creative will make amazing things, however you should not overdo it. With just a bit of creativity and spending plan, it is possible to still be most imaginative without leaving the format that is common of ID card.|For example, you are able to a background that is different, you could add a Braille content, printing in hard plastic, print small CD's, render round edges throughout the card and close. The probabilities become limitless and simply the sky is the limitation with regards to design and manufacturing. One more thing this is certainly crucial to consider when printing business cards is exactly how many of those your shall need. Sometimes it is adequate to print a limited wide range of cards, for example for a few occasion that is special. Them for your business, the best thing is to always opt for bulk prints as this way the price of each business card will be significantly less and you will be able to save money as well when you need. Here at 55printing.com you can choose to print as few as 100 cards or as much as 100.000 cards. In the long run, them over to be printed, make sure that everything is spelled correctly before you print the business cards or hand. Don't forget about to check on every feature, numbers, comma… carry on mind that less is more, very never use various photos, fonts, colour, etc. convenience is key to achievement and pro find. The element that is only the card which should be most apparent than the rest may be the label from the providers as well as the logo! Promoting a business card this is the at same time efficient and successful is not too harder in case you are in a position to invest a bit of work and your amount of time in generating outstanding perspective for any 55Prints – Get Photos Printed ultimate advertising material known as business card! printing for an improved business presentation very well-known marketing and advertising tips for companies advertisement certainly is the postcard printing. Exactly how one print organization will print a certain item – in cases like this postcard, differs from company to team as well as for this reasons you should find the right one to meet your needs. Postcard printing is available for a lot period and postcards were used as one of the oldest means of communication between everyone. In this way, the vast majority of ongoing companies used to market their own companies at the same time. One of many newest developments in postcard printing is on the net printing.|they demand.
These prints will help a great contract in club flyer printing marketing their eatery. Nowadays, whenever most people are hectic, online full-color rack cards printing is available.


I am a good person. I give to the homeless people on the streets. I open doors for people and let them enter before me. I go to work and go home. I mind my own business. I don't drink or do drugs. I am a hard worker. I have many friends. I don't do things to hurt people. I have never had an affair. I try to help people whenever I can. I own a new house and a new car. I pay cash for everything I want. I have more than most people and I have earned it all. I have loaned many money to get them out of debt. I am a good person and I have done a lot of good things.
How many of us has this been our story or that of someone we know? It is easy to get wrapped up in the things of this world and to become blind to something that is right in front of us. Looking for acceptance is something that is built in to us. We all want to be accepted for who we are. Sometimes we get so involved with looking for acceptance that we miss the truth of our acceptance and by whom we are found to be very acceptable by.
In GOD'S eye's we are found very valuable and worthy of HIS love. Even though we all once was like one who is unclean, and all our righteous acts are like filthy rags, But GOD found a way to bring us out of this and back to HIMSELF. HE sent HIS only SON to tell us the truth and to provide us with that way back. That way back is by way of the cross and through the SON of GOD. Crucified, buried and raised with HIM. All old things are gone and the new has come. We are no longer who we used to be, but are new creatures, set apart from this world.
Mans ways are to death but GOD'S way is to eternal life. For those of us that believe we will and do have eternal life with GOD already set in writing. For those who choose not to believe, there is a place for them as well. Some may say that all good people go to Heaven. Some say there is no Heaven. Some say there is no Hell. The fact is that the scripture's are witness to the fact that there is none that are good, no not one and that Heaven and a Hell are real places. What do you choose to believe?
Come Home by way of the cross and meet with JESUS there. Repent, Confess your sin and ask for forgiveness, Seek a relationship with GOD that will bring you eternal life. GOD loves you and wants to be in a relationship with you. HE accepts you as you are and finds you so worthy of HIS love and blessings. HE wants to be accepted by you as he has accepted you. Will you accept HIM today? Will you find GOD acceptable? Will you find GOD worthy of your love? C O M E H O M E!!!!!


text:
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Stakes Are High As Ted Cruz And Beto O'Rourke Negotiate Debate Plans
Cruz, the incumbent, was a champion debater in college. Challenger O'Rourke is riding a wave of momentum.
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By Rhonda FanningAugust 1, 2018 7:48 amGovernment & Politics
Gage Skidmore/flickr (CC BY-SA 2.0)
Texas Sen. Ted Cruz
According to the Lyceum Poll on the Texas senate race, Senator Ted Cruz has just a 2-point lead over Democratic challenger, Rep. Beto O'Rourke. So debates between the candidates could play a major role, when voters go to the polls.
Last week, O'Rourke accepted the proposal from Cruz for five debates leading up to the November election. O'Rourke did ask that a sixth debate be added in his hometown of El Paso, and the Cruz camp has responded that while they're open to the location suggestion, they didn't want to add a debate to the agreed-upon five. As the two campaigns work to finalize the details, Jeremy Wallace of the Houston Chronicle has been writing about what's at stake for each candidate going in.
Wallace says the candidates are still negotiating the details. O'Rourke wants at least some of the debates to be held on a day other than Friday – a tough night for politics during high school football season. And if O'Rourke gets his wish for an El Paso debate, each candidate will have a chance to appear in his hometown. Cruz is from Houston.
Wallace says the stakes are high for Cruz, and it's rare for incumbents to agree to debate their challengers.
"Typically incumbents don't want to do any debates with a challenger," Wallace says "because it gives them – in this case, Beto O'Rourke – five chances to be seen by a statewide audience on television and newspapers, really kind of getting hs name out there."
Wallace says Cruz is probably willing to take the risk because he "is confident in his debate skills."
Wallace says Cruz hopes to slow some of O'Rourke's momentum, with one or more good debate performances.
For O'Rourke, debates are an unknown forum. The Democrat has made his name at large rallies, giving off-the-cuff performances before friendly crowds. Debates, wallace says, require a different skill set.
Written by Shelly Brisbin.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: My bot sends the same message several times in private I have set my bot to send each message after sending it a private message, code:
client.on('message', async (message) => {
  if (message.author.bot) return;
  if(message.channel.type === 'dm') {
    const dmembed = new DiscordJS.MessageEmbed()
  .setTitle(`New Mail Colllected!`)
  .setThumbnail(message.author.displayAvatarURL({dynamic: true}))
  .setColor('BLUE')
  .setTimestamp()
  .setDescription(`**User:** ${message.author.tag} (\`${message.author.id}\`)\n**Date:** ${require("moment")(Date.now()).format("LLLL")}\n\n**Mail Content:** \`\`\`\n${message.content}\n\`\`\``)
  .setFooter(`ID: ${message.author.id}`)
  const dmchannel = client.channels.cache.get('851481340696068156')
  dmchannel.send(dmembed)
  }
})

The problem is that the bot is repairing the room several times, I tried to fix it but it does not work so well, I would be happy to help

A: Hello OF3K
I don't see anything wrong with the code, you are filtering out so it won't respond to any bots :)
My guess would be that you have multiple instances of a terminal open. If you are using vs code chances are your terminal will look like this:

As you can see, I have 3 instances of node open, you would want to close everyone but one.
Hope this helps :)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
package mysh.classloader;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Disabled;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.JarURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.jar.JarFile;

/**
 * @author Mysh
 * @since 2014/12/4 22:35
 */
public class JarTest1 {
	public static class A {

	}

	@Test
	@Disabled
	public void t1() throws IOException {
		final URL url = new URL("jar:file:///L:/mx.jar!/");
		final JarURLConnection jar = (JarURLConnection) url.openConnection();
		final JarFile jarFile = jar.getJarFile();
		jarFile.stream().forEach(e -> {
			System.out.println(e.getName());
			System.out.println(e.getTime());
		});
	}

	@Test
	public void t2() throws ClassNotFoundException {
		final Class<?> c = Class.forName("mysh.classloader.JarTest1$A");
		System.out.println(c.getName());
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Martin Montgomery
Game of Thrones:
A Telltale Game
Game of Thrones: A Telltale Games Series is an episodic video game based on the HBO television series. We worked directly with HBO's writers to tell a story that fits within the existing universe.
I served as a director, designer, and cinematic artist on the project.
As the studio's most ambitious title to date, the project presented several technical and creative problems to which I was tasked with finding solutions.
I worked with our Art Director and Tech Lead to establish a pipeline for animating and procedurally generating crowds. Previously, all crowds were animated entirely by hand.
Attachment System
Because the series would feature many characters atop horseback, large-scale battles involving swords and armor, and several other prop-based scenes, I worked with the Tech Lead to implement a revamped attachment system, which would allow the cinematic artists to more easily create the content.
In order to match the show's cinematography, I worked with the Cinematics, Tools, and Art departments to develop a new camera system.
The most challenging scenes to direct were ones that involved characters from the show.
Players familiar with the show would notice any deviations from our interpretation of the show's actors, and developing likenesses that avoided the uncanny valley proved very difficult throughout the development of the project.
In this scene, Mira Forester, a handmaiden to Margaery Tyrell, must approach Cersei Lannister and answer for crimes her family has committed against the crown. Players must correctly navigate the conversation to achieve their goal. Will they appease the queen to protect Mira's family, or will they stand up to the queen, potentially damaging their relationship with Margaery?


Using the finest Valrhona chocolate, DLYT's handmade collection of premium chocolate bars offers a decadent full sensory flavour experience.
The Valrhona Guanaja 70% bittersweet elegant dark 100g chocolate bar is rich in flavour with a well-rounded smoothness. Revealing a whole aromatic and complex range of fruit, coffee, molasses and floral notes, this is the ultimate choice for dark chocolate lovers.


text:
where books always save the day
Reviewed Books
Spotlight on Graphic Novel Features
The Best Books for World Book Day!
23 April is World Book Day, so Bree and I thought we would take a moment to share some of our favorite books from different genres than we normally share! Read the rest of this entry »
This entry was posted in Other and tagged Arthur, Books, classics, Feynman, fiction, Frankenstein, Graphic Novels, Harry Potter, House of Leaves, In the woods, locke and Key, Mystery, nonfiction, Rowling, Sandstorm Rollins, Shakespeare, Shirley Jackson, Tamora Pierce, Tana French, thriller, We have always lived in the castle, wolverine, World Book Day.
Spotlight on Graphic Novels | Black Science
Rick Remender's Black Science is one of the more interesting science fiction comics available. In it, Remender and co. present a science team working on creating a device that allows them to navigate the multiverse. It goes, quite predictably, awry. The cast is sent spiraling uncontrollably through universe after universe and is pitted against a variety of dangers.
The story follows scientist and anarchist-now-working-for-the-MAN Grant. After spending upwards of a decade working on devices known as "pillars," he finally manages to get them working. His first test is to do an actual jump between worlds. The crew is about to launch their first human test–unapproved. But the pillar has been sabotaged.
The characters in Black Science are very likeable. They're all given fairly extensive backgrounds and their relationships to one another are complex to say the least. The dynamic between the explorers– self-absorbed leader, his followers, and his jaded and neglected children– make for one of the most interesting aspects of the storytelling.
Some of the plot points I'm not a huge fan of. Some of the characters, in particular a Native-American-esq shaman with magic healing powers, wore a little thin. The nice part of the story setup, though, is that it is self-correcting. Each event has the potential to be undone or redone in the next universe. Versions of the same characters can interact and effect the plot. It can be overly confusing, but also means that when something I don't like happens, it may not stay that way.
The art is amazing. It's dark but also vibrant. The characters are ridiculously expressive. The team that works on the art has really tapped into the visuals that can enhance the story and the dynamism that makes science fiction great.
While some of the story is going to need to be ironed out as it progresses, I think that the story is engaging and worth the read.
This entry was posted in Graphic Novels and tagged Black Science, Grant, Graphic Novels, Image Comics, Multiverse, Pia, Pillars, Rick Remender, Science Fiction.
Spotlight on Graphic Novels: Wizzywig by Ed Piskor
Wizzywig is a fictionalization of the real-life story of Kevin Mitnick, a famous hacker arrested in 1999. It roughly outlines Kevin's life, under the changed name of Kevin Phenicle. It's split between narrators and timelines, including first-person, remembrances, and newscasts. It begins when Phenicle is in his early teens and follows through his release from prison and post-release work.
I wanted to like this story, but it felt very inconsistent. It didn't have a stable and unifying point of view or a baseline really to be a touch point. This was my biggest problem with the story, and it caused a number of other problems. For instance, the narrator was often unclear. The switch in voice wouldn't be clearly marked or easily noted. The plot sometimes felt meander-y.
I also often didn't feel like Phenicle was a character that could be empathized with. It wasn't always clear what was really motivating him or why he was taking certain steps. Similarly, I didn't think that Piskor was clear on the extent of the damage that was being done to the people Phenicle was close to.
The most interesting part (remember that I'm a sucker for editorialization) was the commentary thread throughout about the nature of technological development and the attacking of those who want to explore and push the boundaries of it.
The art wasn't my favorite. It's simplistic and not overly imposing. Overall, I liked it well enough, but didn't think it was fantastic.
I thought the book overall is a 3 out of 5. Mostly just sufficient for what it was, but not outstanding.
I received a copy of Wizzywig for free in exchange for an honest review for netgalley.
This entry was posted in Graphic Novels and tagged Ed Piskor, Free Kevin, Graphic Novel Reviews, Graphic Novels, Hacking, Kevin Mitnick, Phenicle.
Spotlight on Graphic Novels: ODY-C by Matt Fraction and Christian Ward
This entry was posted in Graphic Novels and tagged Christian Ward, Graphic Novels, Image Comics, Matt Fraction, ODY-C, Odyssey.
Spotlight on Graphic Novels: East of West, Vol. 1
East of West is a feature I've struggled to pick up. It's initial pages didn't grab me and I put it down for a while. When I was finishing it this week, it grew on me, but I keep thinking about how long it took for me to get into the story.
East of West is an apocalypse story pitting Death against War, Conquest, and Famine. Death has been injured; the exact nature of the injury is unknown. He's seeking revenge against the other three and trying to restore his life to what it once was. Death's family, and the world, hangs in the balance.
The story features some interesting art. It relies heavily on shading and creates some serious depth in the characters. This can be very appealing, but also very abrasive. It blends a more traditional comic book style with some more Manga proportions and stylistic elements.
Fun moment! There are some characters that are ink-black and look a bit like Drow.
The story itself takes a long time to come together. I think this really contributed to my reluctance to continue with it. I'll be honest, if I were trying this out as single issues, I probably wouldn't have continued on with it.
Once the story comes together a bit, we see there is a great deal of complicated internal politics within the world and interesting plays on revenge stories. What's interesting is the ways in which it is a bit similar to Pretty Deadly in subject matter. The stories themselves are different, but share a number of elements. I would say, as well, that East of West has a better sense of long-game plot building.
The characters are already interesting. Whether they'll continue to be explored fully remains to be seen, but I'm hopeful.
I received a copy of East of West for free in exchange for an honest review via Netgalley.
This entry was posted in Graphic Novels and tagged Death, East of West, Graphic Novel Reviews, Graphic Novels, Image Comics, Mao.
Spotlight on Graphic Novels: Mind the Gap, Vol. 1
Posted on January 9, 2015 Updated on January 9, 2015
Mind the Gap, volume 1, follows Elle after she is attacked and in a coma. Her attacker is still on the loose, and coming to kill her. She has to find a way to communicate with the living before her attacker succeeds.
Things I liked:
Beautiful artwork, particularly the coloring
Features a masked villain, but shows us the (a?) villain after a short enough time that it doesn't drag the story out
Story is relatively cohesive with forming sub-plots
Things I disliked:
We learn very little about the characters
Character relationships are not fully explored, so there is little emotional draw
Some of the stories are pretty predictable
Overall rating: ***
I received a copy of Mind the Gap for free in exchange for an honest review.
This entry was posted in Graphic Novels and tagged Ellis, Graphic Novel Reviews, Graphic Novels, Image Comics, Mind the Gap.
Spotlight on Graphic Novels: The Fuse
You can get a copy of The Fuse here.
Deitrich is a German police officer who requests a transfer to the Fuse, a space station with its own vastly different culture and circumstances. There, he's assigned to homicide and "the Russia shift." He's not on the Fuse for a full day when cabelers (an isolated homeless population who lives in the maintenance areas in the walls of the Fuse) show up shot to death. Because guns are highly restricted on the station, the murders peak Deitrich's interest. He and his abrasive partner, Klem, are about to uncover a horrible secret.
The artwork in the graphic novel is interesting. It reminded me of the artwork in the Jackie Chan Adventures. It's lots of angles and rough-hewn shapes. It's interesting. Klem's gender is a bit ambiguous, but that plays into the way that Klem is as a character.
The story is interesting. It's fast-paced and interesting. The plot itself is a little rough at times. There's a lot of convenient plot points that are a bit too easy to come by.
The dialogue is a bit stinted at times. Dietrich never uses contractions which was off-putting. I think this is supposed to make him feel like a non-native English speaker, but it was more awkward than beneficial to his character. His actions make him feel far more real than his dialogue does.
The overall story has a lot of interesting subtext. The Cabelers are a great point with a lot of potential for development. We've been told that there's a lot of complex ideas and reasons that the Cabelers exist and their interactions with the mainstream citizens is going to be great when more fully explored. I'm quite excited for it.
Klem is going to be a very interesting person to see develop. She's cold and a bit sterile, but we know there's more to her. The relationship we see with her and her son, as well as the way she approaches Dietrich hint at some very complex relationships.
I received this comic as an e-ARC from Netgalley for free in exchange for an honest review.
This entry was posted in Graphic Novels and tagged Diamond Comics, Graphic Novel Reviews, Graphic Novels, Homeless, Image Comics, Reviews, Science Fiction, space station.
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text:
A Duke to Remember
by Kelly Bowen
2018 RITA award-winning author!
Love takes the stage . . .
Elise deVries is not what she seems. By night, the actress captivates London theatergoers with her chameleon-like ability to slip inside her characters. By day, she uses her mastery of disguise to work undercover for Chegarre & Associates, an elite agency known for its discreet handling of indelicate scandals. But when Elise is tasked with locating the missing Duke of Ashland, she finds herself center stage in a real-life drama.
Noah Ellery left the glamour of the London aristocracy to pursue a simpler life in the country. He's managed to avoid any complications or entanglements-that is, until he lays eyes on Elise and realizes there's more to this beautiful woman than meets the eye. But when Elise reveals her real identity-and her true feelings for him-the runaway duke must confront the past he left behind . . . to keep the woman he loves forever.
Genre: Romance / Fiction / Romance / Historical / Regency
On Sale: July 26th 2016
"This isn't a Regency comedy of manners. It's way better. This bright, surprising romance sets aside the intricate social rules and focuses on forging trust and love even when it seems like the whole world is against you."—Best Romance of August selection, The Amazon Book Review
"Top Pick! 4 1/2 Stars! The powerful emotions, action, adventure and passion are what readers desire, and Bowen delivers, and brings readers her most memorable characters yet. Many will cherish this beautifully rendered tale."—RT Book Reviews
"A Duke to Remember has everything you want in a romance...a truly satisfying happily ever after that will leave you misty-eyed."—BookPage.com
"Wonderful! A charming, clever, and engaging storyteller not to be missed."—Sarah MacLean, New York Times bestselling author
"Where have you been all my life, Kelly Bowen? If Julia Quinn, Sarah MacLean, and Lisa Kleypas were to extract their writing DNA, mix it in a blender, and have a love child, Kelly Bowen would be it."—HeroesandHeartbreakers.com
"Fans of Julia Quinn and Sarah MacLean will adore Kelly Bowen!"—Lauren Willig, New York Times bestselling author
A Season for Scandal


Although LASIK eye surgery has been performed on millions of people in the United States, the FDA reports high rates of LASIK side effects and symptoms . Like any surgical procedures, there are potential risks and side effects. LASIK failures and LASIK complications commonly include, glare, halos, dryness, ghost images, star bursting, smeared images, loss of contrast, vision fluctuation, blurry vision, and double vision. LASIK Side Effects and Symptoms can occasionally be resolved with additional surgery, but often exacerbate the problem.


text:
Jefferson-Pilot quarterly net income rises 29%
Published: April 27, 2005 at 5:19 p.m. ET
Alistair Barr
SAN FRANCISCO (MarketWatch) -- Jefferson-Pilot jp said late Wednesday that first-quarter net income rose 29% to $161.2 million, or $1.17 per share, from $124.6 million, or 87 cents a share, in the same period a year earlier. Income before realized gains and losses and the effect of an accounting change came in at $157.7 million, or $1.15 per share, up from $126.5 million, or 90 cents a share, a year ago, the life insurance and annuity company said. Jefferson-Pilot was expected to earn 97 cents per share in the first quarter, according to the average estimate of 17 analysts in a Thomson First Call poll.


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Adele Nelson
Assistant Professor, Department of Art and Art History, University of Texas, Austin
Adele Nelson is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Art and Art History at the University of Texas at Austin, where she is also Associate Director of the Center for Latin American Visual Studies (CLAVIS). Nelson specializes in postwar and contemporary art of Latin America, with a focus on Brazil. Her research has been supported by the Fulbright U.S. Scholar Program, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the American Philosophical Society. She is the author of Jac Leirner in Conversation with Adele Nelson (2011; Portuguese translation, 2013). Her writings have appeared in international magazines and academic journals, including Art in America, Art Journal, and ARTMargins. She has contributed to various museum publications, among them, Mário Pedrosa: De la naturaleza afectiva de la forma (MNCARS, 2017), Hélio Oiticica: To Organize Delirium (Carnegie/AIC/Whitney, 2016), Mário Pedrosa: Primary Documents (MoMA, 2015), Waldemar Cordeiro: Fantasia exata (Itaú Cultural, 2014), and Joan Miró: Painting and Anti-Painting, 1927–1937 (MoMA, 2008). Her new book, Forming Abstraction: Art and Institutions in Postwar Brazil, will appear in January 2022 in the Studies on Latin American Art series from the University of California Press.
The Americas | One Work, Many Voices
The Absence and Presence of Photography at the Second São Paulo Bienal
Published to coincide with Fotoclubismo: Brazilian Modernist Photography, 1946–1964 at MoMA, art historian Adele Nelson analyzes the Sala de Fotografia, a last-minute, "in-between" and hitherto unexamined exhibition organized by Foto-Cine Clube Bandeirante for the second edition of the São Paulo Bienal.
Jac Leirner's Lung and Untranslatability
Made of 1200 cigarette packs, Jac Leirner's Lung works both reflect the consumerism of which they are born but also transcend far beyond it while conjuring tropes from Minimalism, Conceptual Art, Pop Art as well as Neo-Concrete art of her native Brazil.


Literary agent Andy Ross has a very different background from most of his colleagues. Andy has worked in the book business for 37 years, 30 of which were as owner and general manager of the legendary Cody's Books in Berkeley, California, which has been recognized as one of America's great independent bookstores.
During this period, Andy was the primary trade book buyer. This experience has gave him a unique understanding of the resale book market, of publishing trends and most importantly, and uniquely, the hand selling of books to book buyers.
His literary agency specializes in narrative non-fiction, history, politics, current events, science, journalism and cultural subjects. Andy he particularly encourages submissions from scholars. He is the past president of the Northern California Booksellers Association, a former board member and officer of the American Booksellers Association and a national spokesperson for issues concerning independent businesses.
He's had significant profiles in the Wall Street Journal, Time magazine, Publishers Weekly and the San Francisco Chronicle.
"I've discovered some very great books from people with absolutely no platform. [Platform is a book industry term for being well-known by a significant number of people who will be interested in buying your book.] One was a travel narrative by a graduate student at Oxford, this 25 year old guy. He spent a year in the Marshall Islands and it's sort of a narrative of his life. It's a brilliant book and he's an astonishingly good writer and has beautiful a narrative art."
"I tell people they have to look outside themselves... There is not a problem writing something in the first person and bringing yourself into a story. But it is a lot easier if it's focused somewhere else, if it's focused outside of you."
"I spent 30 years talking to book buyers and so what I do understand is just the experience. I also know from ordering 50,000 different titles over those years and I returned a lot of them. So I have kind of a tangible, hands on experience about things that work and things that don't work."
"I was just going through we call it the slush pile... the unsolicited queries... I found something today. I don't know if I'm going to do it or not, but I contacted the guy and said, 'This looks interesting, send me a proposal.'"
"I've gotten a lot of good book proposals that went nowhere, but if you have a really bad book proposal then you're really going to go nowhere. It's a sales job. It is a business plan really and it's got to be good. Frankly, if you can't come up with a compelling book proposal, in all likelihood you don't have a compelling idea. If you can't convince the publisher that you have a robust audience for your idea, then you probably don't."
For Andy's contact info, as well as a free list of more than 100 literary agents who are looking for authors at this moment, fill out the light blue form on the top right hand corner of this page.
And if you want to know how to write a book proposal that will really impress Andy, and to hear my full interview with him, (as well as interviews with four other agents), sign up for Agent University: The Ultimate Guide to Landing the Best Agent for Your Book and Your Career. You�ll get 6 CDs, plus an additional 9 hours of interviews (both audios and transcripts) for free.


The cases of rare eye infection which can cause blindness is increasing in contact lens wearers, reports a new study. The findings of the study are published in the British Journal of Ophthalmology.
Researchers at Moorfields Eye Hospital in London noticed that a microorganism known as Acanthamoeba amoeba present in water is the reason behind it. Hence people who wear contacts are being urged to avoid the lenses coming in contact with water.
The microscopic amoeba infects the cornea, which is the outer transparent cover of the eye. This condition is known as Acanthamoeba keratitis.
Symptoms like redness in the eye, eye pain, and blurred vision are seen when the Acanthamoeba amoeba enters the eye. Without treatment, it can also lead to vision loss or blindness, according to the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention.
Although the infection is more common in U.K, people in the U.S can still avoid the infection by following a new contact lens routine.
John Dart, the author of the study, recommended placing a warning sign to avoid water on the packaging of the contact lens.
"Avoid water and follow the instruction on the solution. If you use solution, change your contact lens case every month," Dart said.
Maintaining hygiene while handling contacts is essential to prevent the infection.
Due to poor hygiene, those who wear contact lenses are at an increased risk of developing a rare Eye infection.
Using a mouse model, researchers demonstrate that engineered nanosponges can be used to protect eyes from infections caused by Enterococcus faecalis.
In case of red eye, one should avoid over-the-counter eye drops as they may contain steroids which can be harmful, and instead seek medical advice.
An obstruction in the tear drainage system is known as dacryostenosis. This is a common condition in infants. Adults can get a blocked tear duct due to infection, inflammation, eye injury or a tumor.
Long sightedness also known as hyperopia or farsightedness is a common vision problem. Long-sighted people have difficulty seeing near objects than distant objects.


Post written by Harrison Li.
Giving up will do you no good, and your excuses act as mere relief for your personal laziness. There's no point to procrastinate either. We are all equally created human beings, that's a fact. But some people have stronger motivations to act, some have less and easily retreat from a complicated situation. What makes you have more right to give up than any other person?
There are a few ways to boost up your mind will to make stronger decisions and persist further. I'd like to introduce you to three men of incredible mind strength and will of persistency.
It may be a stereotypical thing for you to see an Asian man playing great pieces on the piano, but a man without arms playing isn't something ordinary. Liu Wei, a young Chinese man lost his arms in his youth during a hide-and-seek game through interference with a high voltage wire, but he continues to strive for his passion – making music with the piano. He pursues his dream to play the instrument with his toes, with his mind strength, he won the first series of China's Got Talent with his piano playing with toes.
Understand that it is hard enough to play keyboards even with fingers, and although he does make a few mistakes but it's a simply near-impossible skill to master. Key is, imagine having to use the computer, put on clothes, do simple everyday tasks without arms, this is exactly the life of Liu Wei. What's your excuse now?
Have you ever had the dream to be a professional player at your favourite sport and be a sportstar? It's a dream many people have, and most believe they won't achieve it. But Matt Scott did not give up to become a professional basketball player. Even without feet. He trained all day long, persisted and never gave up.
Today, he is a professional disabled basketball player and was nominated with the Best Male Athlete with a Disability ESPY Award. Key is, "giving up" is a phrase simply not found in Scott's dictionary. If Matt can do it, what is stopping you?
Now that you have heard of the armless pianist and the feetless basketballer, what about a man born without all four limbs? Yes, a man as such exists, he has incredible mind power, despite being bullied at school and contemplated suicide in his youth, he broke through the thoughts and decided to stay alive to inspire others. Today, he is a well-known motivational speaker. His positive attitude enabled him to remain positive every single day and lives with no regret nor excuses. His name is Nick Vujicic, and he has even published a book called Life Without Limits, I recommend you to check it out.
Imagine yourself without limbs, how can you really get on with life alone with the support of a personal assistant following you all day long? Pretend you were him and imagine all those negative self talks you would give yourself, and all those pressure you get from everyone. I'd feel useless. But with strong mind power, he decides to live happily. Now, compare yourself with Nick. There really isn't much for you to think, is there?
It's time to reflect on your moments of wanting to give up. The next time you want to bail out something, imagine it was a case for Liu Wei, Matt Scott or Nick Vujicic – what would they do? Then do it.
I'm Harrison Li, I talk about life improvement. See what you haven't seen at Mind Fuels – a place for personal development and psychology.
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Q: The biggest square on a sphere I wonder whether presented in wikipedia square (with angles $120^{\circ}$) is the biggest (taking into account lengths of sides) possible square on a sphere?

*

*If not what is the biggest?

*If so how it can be proved?

One can assume here definition of a square on a sphere:
Square on a sphere = the 4-sided polygon with equal length sides and equal angles, sides are determined by 4 different great circles.


A super vintage style print from Judie Rothermel for Marcus brothers prints. Judie has being designing 1930's prints for over 25 years specializing in her fantastic Aunt Grace series and designs from the civil war. This print is from her Grace in a pickle series. A twisted vine of pink floral heads. Scale wise the diameter of the largest flower head is 2cm.


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Justia Dockets & Filings Sixth Circuit Michigan Eastern District Van Buren et al v. Crawford, County of et al Filing 133
Van Buren et al v. Crawford, County of et al
ORDER Denying 127 MOTION to File Third Amended Complaint, Denying 121 MOTION to Stay, and Amending Scheduling Order. (Final Pretrial Conference reset for 7/11/2017 at 02:00 PM before District Judge Thomas L. Ludington and Jury Trial reset for 7/25/2017 at 08:30 AM before District Judge Thomas L. Ludington.) Signed by District Judge Thomas L. Ludington. (Sian, M)
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT OF MICHIGAN NORTHERN DIVISION MICHELLE VAN BUREN, Personal Representative for the ESTATE OF WILLIAM REDDIE, deceased and WILLIAM REDDIE, Plaintiff, v. Case No. 13-cv-14565 Honorable Thomas L. Ludington CRAWFORD COUNTY, CITY OF GRAYLING, JOHN KLEPADLO, and ALAN SOMERO, in their individual and official capacities, Defendants. _______________________________________/ ORDER DENYING MOTION TO FILE THIRD AMENDED COMPLAINT, DENYING MOTION TO STAY, AND AMENDING SCHEDULING ORDER Michelle Van Buren initiated this suit on behalf of William Reddie, who was fatally shot by a Crawford County Sheriff's Department Deputy, John Klepadlo, on February 3, 2012. ECF No. 1. On August 3, 2016, the Court issued an order which concluded that, based on the evidence then presented, summary judgment should be granted for the Defendants. ECF No. 84. Plaintiff contended, however, that the Defendants had spoliated relevant audio evidence of the confrontation leading to the shooting. Accordingly, summary judgment was not entered. During the fall of 2016, three days of evidentiary hearings were held to address the spoliation issue. On January 17, 2017, the Court entered an opinion and order finding that the City of Grayling and Officer Somero spoliated evidence and sanctioning them, reasoning that the "simplest explanation for the missing recordings, taking all evidence into account, is deliberate spoliation." ECF No. 118 at 25. The Court also found that there was no evidence that the Crawford County Sheriff's Department had possession of a recording of the events surrounding the shooting and declined to sanction Crawford County or Deputy Klepadlo. Id. at 29–32. Although Klepadlo had not spoliated evidence and was not being sanctioned, the questions raised by the destroyed audio recordings (in combination with the sanctions imposed against Somero) demonstrated a material question of fact regarding whether Klepadlo shot Mr. Reddie with excessive force and, further, whether Somero should have prevented that use of force. The City of Grayling and Crawford County were dismissed because Plaintiff did not allege a policy and practice of permitting the use of excessive force, meaning that there was no basis for liability under Monell v. Dep't of Soc. Servs. of City of New York, 436 U.S. 658 (1978).1 Since the order sanctioning the City of Grayling and Deputy Somero was issued, both parties have sought an interlocutory appeal to the Sixth Circuit. ECF Nos. 119, 123. In their appeal, Defendants argue that Klepadlo was improperly denied the protection of qualified immunity because he did not spoliate evidence. In connection with their appeal, Defendants filed a motion to stay the trial. ECF No. 121. Defendants are attempting an interlocutory appeal as of right, contending that the Court's denial of qualified immunity should be reviewed immediately. On February 16, 2017, Plaintiff filed a motion stylized as a motion for leave to file a third amended complaint which seeks to join new parties and claims related to the evidence spoliation. ECF No. 127. Defendants filed a motion to adjourn trial on February 24, 2017. ECF No. 129. That motion was granted. ECF No. 131. For the reasons stated below, Plaintiff's motion to file a third amended complaint will be denied. Defendants' motion to stay will also be denied because the argument Defendants are raising on appeal is not an "abstract issue" of qualified immunity law. I. 1 Although Plaintiff might be able to bring a Monell claim predicated on the City of Grayling's treatment of evidence, neither the second amended complaint nor the proposed third amended complaint frames such a claim. -2 The allegations surrounding Mr. Reddie's death and the evidence spoliation were provided in the Court's January 17, 2017, Opinion and Order. ECF No. 118. Part of that summary will be reproduced here: Because Mr. Reddie is deceased, all allegations regarding what transpired in his apartment come solely from the testimony of the officers and care workers who were present at the time. On February 3, 2012, Defendants Somero and Klepadlo responded to reports of a potential domestic violence incident at Mr. Reddie's home. The officers found no evidence of domestic violence, but, after questioning Mr. Reddie and searching his apartment, the officers discovered that Mr. Reddie had been using marijuana in his home. Somero told Mr. Reddie that he would be reported for using marijuana in front in his minor child, despite Mr. Reddie's indication that his son was sleeping in another room at the time he smoked the marijuana. Naturally enough, Mr. Reddie was upset during his conversation with the officers. Klepadlo Dep. at 45, ECF No. 68, Ex. A. Based on that report, Child Protective Services visited Mr. Reddie, who admitted to smoking marijuana but refused to consent to removal of his son. Child Protective Services sought and obtained a court order to remove Mr. Reddie's son. Somero, Klepadlo, and two Child Protective Services care workers went to Mr. Reddie's apartment to effectuate the removal. Upon seeing the officers, Mr. Reddie immediately picked up his son and retreated into the apartment. He repeatedly told the officers he would not allow them to take his son. The officers and care workers followed Mr. Reddie into his apartment, where the situation quickly escalated. The officers testified that Mr. Reddie was five to ten feet away from them, separated by a coffee table. They further testified that Mr. Reddie was playing loud music and they believed he was preparing himself to fight. Defendant Klepadlo testified that he drew his Taser and pointed it at Mr. Reddie. Around the same time, the care workers removed Mr. Reddie's son from the apartment. Soon after Klepadlo drew his Taser, one of the care workers shouted that Mr. Reddie had a knife. In response, Klepadlo holstered his Taser and drew his handgun. The officers testified that they told Mr. Reddie to drop the knife, but he did not do so. Mr. Reddie then came out from behind the coffee table. The officers testify that they told Mr. Reddie they would shoot if he did not comply with their orders. According to the officers, Mr. Reddie raised his hands to shoulder height and moved towards the officers (described as a "lunge"). Klepadlo fired at Mr. Reddie, who died instantly. Jan. 17, 2017, Op. & Order at 2–3, ECF No. 118. -3 Testimony at the evidentiary hearing established that Defendants City of Grayling and Officer Somero did not preserve any potential audio recording of the incident: Somero testified that, on the day of the Reddie shooting, he activated his recording device prior to both visits with Mr. Reddie. Evid. Hearing Tr. I at 12, 34. Somero also testified that he believed the in-car video was working but not the audio. Id. at 15. After Mr. Reddie was fatally shot, Somero remained at the apartment. Id. at 36. Once additional officers arrived, Somero was assigned to guard the apartment door. Id. During the approximately forty-five minutes Somero was securing the scene, he did not return to his vehicle. Id. Eventually, Grayling Police Chief Baum told Somero to report to the Grayling Police Department and await questioning by the Michigan State Police (MSP). Id. Somero drove his vehicle, by himself, back to the department. Id. at 37. He testified that he followed normal procedures for handling the SD card: he removed the card from the system, gathered his other equipment, and set everything down on his office desk. Id. . . . Somero testified that he does not remember whether he handed the card to the Chief or simply referred to the presence of the card. Id. Regardless, Somero testified that he physically furnished the card to Chief Baum. Id. at 65. See also Somero Dep. at 157–59, ECF No. 85, Ex. B. According to Somero, he has not seen the SD card since that evening. Evid. Hearing Tr. I at 65. He further testified that he never talked to any other person about the SD card. Id. at 44–45. Chief Baum's account of events is different. He testified that he does not have "memory of exactly how" the post-incident events occurred. Id. at 84. However, he did assert that "I did not make a copy of it because I did not have the knowledge to do that." Id. Chief Baum further stated that he did not know what happened to the SD card and that he did not have a memory of ever seeing it. Id. When asked if he ever handled it, Chief Baum said, "Not that I remember." Id. When asked if he had ever represented that the SD card had been given directly to the MSP, Chief Baum denied any knowledge of making that representation. Id. at 84–85. At the evidentiary hearing, Chief Baum was asked whether the SD card should have been handled with a proper chain of custody. Id. at 89. He admitted that it should have been and that leaving the SD card lying on a desk would violate chain of custody principles. Id. He also admitted that, to the best of his recollection, the SD card was in Grayling Police Department custody when taken out of Somero's vehicle. Id. at 90. Jan. 17, 2017, Op. & Order at 7–8. -4 The Michigan State Police (MSP) investigated the shooting but did not seize the SD card containing the original audio files or pursue the possibility that the files had been intentionally destroyed: Detective Rick Sekely was the investigating MSP detective. Id. at 125. He testified that he received a compact disc which purportedly contained the recordings from Somero's car on March 1, 2012, twenty-seven days after the Reddie shooting occurred. Id. at 126. Detective Sekely was never given the SD card and never discussed the SD card during his investigation. Id. at 126–27. Detective Sekely requested a copy of the recordings from Chief Baum on the night of the shooting. Id. at 127. He testified that, when questioned about the recordings, both Chief Baum and Somero stated that there would be no audio, but that "we'll see if there's video." Id. at 128. Detective Sekely also testified that Chief Baum told him that the manufacturer helped the department download the SD card to the compact disc. Evid. Hearing Tr. II at 38. ProVision has no records of doing so and Defendants have not provided any other substantiation for this theory. According to Detective Sekely, he asked for a copy of the recordings from Somero's vehicle during his initial investigation of the shooting. Evid. Hearing Tr. I at 127. Detective Sekely did not receive the recordings, in the form of a compact disc, until March 1, 2012. According to Detective Sekely, Chief Baum contacted him when the disc was available. Id. at 138. Detective Sekely traveled to the Grayling Police Department and picked up the compact disc along with some paper reports. Id. Detective Sekely is unsure if Chief Baum came out to greet him. Id. Several days later, Detective Sekely tried for the first time to play the files on the disc. Id. He was unable to get the files to play, despite trying several different computer programs. Id. at 139. Detective Sekely then emailed Chief Baum and asked if a special program was needed to view the files. Id. at 141. Chief Baum did not respond, and Detective Sekely never followed up. Id. The identity of the person who burned the compact disc remains unknown. Jan. 17, 2017, Op. & Order at 9–10. Forensic analysis of the disc provided to the MSP strongly suggested that a recording existed at one point, that a member of the Grayling Police Department listened to it, and that the individual then created the disc which was given to the MSP but did not transfer the actual audio recordings onto the disc: During the evidentiary hearing, witnesses testified about the operation of the ProVision system and interpreted the metadata found on the otherwise -5 inoperable compact disc. Plaintiff's expert, Edward Primeau, has worked in the audio/video surveillance field for over thirty years. [Evid. Hearing Tr. III] at 62. In that time, he provided audio/video authentication and enhancement services, as well as evidence recovery services. Id. at 63. At the evidentiary hearing, Mr. Primeau explained that although the compact disc provided to the MSP did not contain any audio/visual files, it contained "metadata." Id. at 65. According to Mr. Primeau, metadata is "information about the file such as when it was created, the system it was created on, the date it was created, the size of the file." Id. at 66. This metadata can be found using special software programs. Id. The compact disc provided to the MSP contained fourteen ".xspf files." Id. at 69. These files act as a kind of directory or playlist: they point towards the location of the underlying audio/visual recordings. Id. These .xspf files are generated by the VLC Player software, a media player used by the Grayling Police Department. Id. at 71. According to Mr. Primeau, .xspf files are created through a multi-step process. First, an audio/visual file must be accessed on a computer. Id. at 72. Second, the file must be opened in the VLC Player. Id. Third, a playlist file had to be created via the VLC Player, named by the user, and then saved. Id. Mr. Primeau was able to recover metadata contained in the .xspf files which provided information about the underlying but now missing audio/visual recording files. Id. at 72. First, he explained that each of the 14 .xspf files were renamed by a user and contained "Reddie" in the filename. Id. at 72–73. He further testified that the metadata indicated that each recording was exactly five minutes long and that all fourteen recordings were created on February 3, 2012. Id. at 73. The metadata also revealed that the recordings were from GPD02. In summary, Mr. Primeau testified that the metadata showed that fourteen audio/visual recordings, which were each five minutes long, were made on February 3, 2012. Id. at 74. Those recordings were then opened in the VLC Player and fourteen playlist files were created. Id. Those playlist files, but not the actual audio/visual files, were then saved to the compact disc that was provided to the MSP. Id. When asked to confirm that the metadata proved that audio/visual recordings existed at some point in time, Mr. Primeau explained that VLC Player would not be able to make or save the playlist files unless there was an audio/visual file. Id. at 75–76. In order to have functionality, VLC Player must open an actual audio/visual file. Id. However, he admitted several times that there was no way to know conclusively whether the recordings made in this instance contained both video and audio or only video. Id. at 116, 140. Mr. Primeau further testified that, if a user was attempting to burn audio/visual recordings from an SD card to a disc, loading the files in VLC Player is both unnecessary and "clunky." Id. at 76. Instead, a user could simply insert the SD card into the computer, insert a blank disc, and directly copy the files from the SD card or computer to the disc. Id. When asked what the use of the VLC Player indicated to him, Mr. Primeau opined: -6 It indicates to me that the operator of this process was very knowledgeable of taking data, putting it onto a computer and being able to open it and view it in a player, that wasn't the Pro-Vision player, and save it as a playlist file, and create a name for it to help organize all of the content. Id. at 78. Mr. Primeau also testified that Grayling Police Department officers sometimes utilized the simple two step approach rather than unnecessarily using the ProVision software. Id. at 85–86. During his search of the Grayling Police Department computer, Mr. Primeau found evidence that, on December 5, 2012, an individual logged into Officer Somero's account "created a video disk by dragging and dropping files from an SD card to his computer and then from the computer onto a compact disc." Id. at 86. As already mentioned, Mr. Primeau recovered 92 recording files from GPD01 when he searched the Grayling Police Department computer. Id. at 132. He testified that none of the files were .xspf files, meaning that the person who downloaded the files did not use the VLC Player to transfer the files. Id. Mr. Primeau was asked why an individual would choose to use VLC Player to transfer recordings from an SD Card to a compact disc. Id. at 87. He explained that using VLC Player was "pretty much unnecessary," and that the only reasons he could think were "to rename the files" or "view the files." Id. Detective Wesley Smith also testified at the evidentiary hearing. He confirmed that the metadata on the compact disc indicated that someone had to affirmatively name the underlying audio/visual files. Id. at 39. He also provided several possible reasons why the compact disc might include the .xspf pointer files but not the actual recording files: equipment failure, operator error, or intentional deletion. Id. 41–43. He admitted that the .xspf files indicated that audio/visual recording files had existed at some point, meaning that equipment failure was an unlikely explanation. Id. at 43. At least, the existence of the pointer files indicated that there was not a complete failure of the recording system. Detective Smith further testified that, after talking with two other MSP computer specialists, he concluded that user error was the most likely explanation for the missing files. Id. at 51–52. When asked how he concluded that user error was the likely explanation, Detective Smith explained that, given the metadata on the disc, equipment failure was unlikely. Id. at 56. He further opined that intentional deletion was unlikely because there were better ways to destroy data than to create the .xspf pointer files. Id. at 58. Jan. 17, 2017, Op. & Order at 13–16. II. -7 Attempts to add a party to an existing case are governed by Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 15, 20, and 21. After a responsive pleading has been served, "the standard for adding a party is the same regardless of the rule under which the motion is made: the decision lies within the discretion of the court." Boyd v. D.C., 465 F. Supp. 2d 1, 2 n.3 (D.D.C. 2006) (citing Wiggins v. Dist. Cablevision, Inc., 853 F.Supp. 484, 499 n.29 (D.D.C.1994)). See also Oneida Indian Nation of N.Y. State v. Cty. of Oneida, N.Y., 199 F.R.D. 61, 73 (N.D.N.Y. 2000); 6 Fed. Prac. & Proc. Civ. §§ 1474, 1479 (3d ed.). Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 15(a)(2) provides that a party may amend its pleading with the court's leave and that "the court should freely give leave when justice so requires." Denial of a motion to amend is appropriate, however, "'where there is 'undue delay, bad faith or dilatory motive on the part of the movant, repeated failure to cure deficiencies by amendments previously allowed, undue prejudice to the opposing party by virtue of allowance of the amendment, futility of the amendment, etc.'" Morse v. McWhorter, 290 F.3d 795, 800 (6th Cir. 2002) (quoting Foman v. Davis, 371 U.S. 178, 182 (1962)). An amendment would be futile if the proposed amended complaint does not state a claim upon which relief can be based. A pleading fails to state a claim under Rule 12(b)(6) if it does not contain allegations that support recovery under any recognizable legal theory. Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678, (2009). In considering a Rule 12(b)(6) motion, the Court construes the pleading in the non-movant's favor and accepts the allegations of facts therein as true. See Lambert v. Hartman, 517 F.3d 433, 439 (6th Cir. 2008). The pleader need not provide "detailed factual allegations" to survive dismissal, but the "obligation to provide the 'grounds' of his 'entitle[ment] to relief' requires more than labels and conclusions, and a formulaic recitation of the elements of a cause of action will not do." Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 555 -8 (2007). In essence, the pleading "must contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face" and "the tenet that a court must accept as true all of the allegations contained in a complaint is inapplicable to legal conclusions." Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678-79 (quotations and citation omitted). A. Plaintiff's proposed amended complaint seeks to add two Defendants, City of Grayling Police Chief Doug Baum and Crawford County Sheriff Kirk Wakefield, and two claims, conspiracy under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 and conspiracy under state law. ECF No. 127. Plaintiff asserts that "[t]he interest of justice would be served by allowing the amendments to Plaintiff's Complaint rather than forcing Plaintiff to file a new civil action and incurring additional costs." Mot. Amend at 3. The differences between Plaintiff's second amended complaint and proposed third amended complaint will be briefly summarized. Compare ECF No. 32 with ECF No. 127, Ex. A. Besides allegations regarding the shooting, the proposed amended complaint alleges that Klepadlo and Somero were both equipped with audio recording devices on the day of the shooting. Prop. Am. Compl. at 4. Plaintiff asserts that the shooting was recorded onto an SD card which was downloaded onto a City to Grayling Computer. Eventually, a compact disc was created without the underlying audio files. Plaintiff alleges that "the individually-named Defendants destroyed the SD card and computer files" for the purpose defeating subsequent investigations and lawsuits. Id. The proposed amended complaint further alleges that Klepadlo's recording equipment saved a recording of the incident to a VHS tape system in his vehicle. According to Plaintiff, the "individually-named Defendants destroyed the VHS tape, VHS recording system, and police vehicle" to obstruct later investigations and lawsuits. Id. at 5. -9 The proposed third amended complaint includes, verbatim, all claims which were included in the second amended complaint, including the Monell claim (brought, by definition, only against the City of Grayling and Crawford County). The City of Grayling and Crawford County have been dismissed because the Monell claim was deficient. The proposed third amended complaint also contains a conspiracy claim under § 1983 and a conspiracy claim under state law. The substance of the allegations regarding those claims is that each of the individuallynamed Defendants had an agreement to "destroy the audio recordings, recording operation systems, [and] police vehicles" and conspired "to make false representations of the unlawful actions to law enforcement personnel." Id. at 13. Defendants argue that adding Chief Baum and Sheriff Wakefield as new Defendants would be futile. They also argue that Plaintiff's conspiracy claims are futile. Defendants further argue that the proposed amendment is untimely because discovery has long since closed and the deadline for dispositive motions has likewise passed. B. Defendants first argue that allowing the amendments would be futile. To prevail on a conspiracy claim, Plaintiff must prove "an agreement between two or more persons to injure another by unlawful action." Revis v. Meldrum, 489 F.3d 273, 290 (6th Cir. 2007). To adequately plead a conspiracy, the complaint must allege that "(1) a single plan existed, (2) the conspirators shared a conspiratorial objective to deprive the plaintiffs of their constitutional rights, and (3) an overt act was committed." Id. See also Bazzi v. City of Dearborn, 658 F.3d 598, 602 (6th Cir. 2011). "Express agreement among all the conspirators is not necessary to find the existence of a civil conspiracy. Each conspirator need not have known all of the details of the illegal plan or all of the participants involved." Hooks v. Hooks, 771 F.2d 935, 944 (6th Cir. 1985). Importantly, - 10 the pleading standard for conspiracy claims under § 1983 is "'relatively strict.'" Gavitt v. Born, 835 F.3d 623, 647 (6th Cir. 2016) (quoting Heyne v. Metro. Nashville Pub. Sch., 655 F.3d 556, 563 (6th Cir. 2011)). "Although circumstantial evidence may prove a conspiracy, '[i]t is wellsettled that conspiracy claims must be pled with some degree of specificity and that vague and conclusory allegations unsupported by material facts will not be sufficient to state such a claim under § 1983.'" Id. Plaintiff argues that she has adequately alleged facts sufficient to satisfy each element of a § 1983 conspiracy claim. Plaintiff asserts, first, that a plan to destroy relevant evidence of the shooting existed. Second, Plaintiff asserts that the individually-named Defendants shared that general conspiratorial objective. Third, Plaintiff asserts that an overt act was committed: the destruction of the SD card, computer files, recording systems, and police vehicles. Defendants argue that the proposed amended complaint does not adequately allege that the Defendants had a single plan to deprive Mr. Reddie of his constitutional rights. See Spadafore v. Gardner, 330 F.3d 849, 854 (6th Cir. 2003) ("[T]here is no evidence from which to infer that the defendants acted in concert in so doing. The Spadafores have submitted no evidence, circumstantial or otherwise, suggesting that the defendants had a single plan when they made the allegedly false statements."). Defendants further argue that the circumstantial evidence identified by Plaintiff is just as consistent with independent conduct by the individual Defendants as with a conspiracy. See Womack v. Conley, 595 F. App'x 489, 494 (6th Cir. 2014) ("Because these pieces of circumstantial evidence are just as consistent with a legitimate police investigation as with a conspiracy, we find that the district court did not err in holding that the evidence is insufficient to support an inference of conspiracy."). See also Hensley v. Gassman, 693 F.3d 681, 695 (6th Cir. 2012). Finally, Defendants point out that Plaintiff has not identified - 11 in either her proposed amended complaint or in the related briefing which constitutional right she is alleging the Defendants conspired to violate. Plaintiff's conspiracy claim under § 1983 is cognizable only if Plaintiff alleges that she was deprived of a right secured by the Constitution or laws of the United States. See Memphis, Tennessee Area Local, Am. Postal Workers Union, AFL-CIO v. City of Memphis, 361 F.3d 898, 905 (6th Cir. 2004). Because Plaintiff has not clearly identified the right Defendants conspired to deprive her of, Defendants presume in their briefing that "the constitutional right at issue is the Decedent's Fourth Amendment right to be free of excessive force during a seizure." Def. Resp. Br. at 6. If that is the basis of Plaintiff's claim, allowing the amendment would be futile. Plaintiff has alleged no facts which would suggest that the Defendants conspired to use excessive force against Mr. Reddie. To the contrary, the allegations (and evidence submitted during summary judgment) indicate that Mr. Reddie was shot during an escalating confrontation. There are no allegations which plausibly suggest that the Defendants conspired beforehand to shoot Mr. Reddie without just cause. There is no doubt that if the police destroy evidence which would have been exculpatory for a criminal defendant, the defendant's constitutional rights have been violated. See Moldowan v. City of Warren, 578 F.3d 351, 381 (6th Cir. 2009) (collecting cases). A fair reading of Plaintiff's proposed amended complaint suggests that the constitutional right at issue is a conspiracy to destroy evidence which would have revealed the use of excessive force against Mr. Reddie. But the evidence spoliation here occurred in the context of a civil suit. There was no criminal investigation (apart from, perhaps, the seemingly perfunctory investigation of the shooting by the MSP). Mr. Reddie's estate is the Plaintiff in this case; he is not a criminal - 12 defendant. The Bill of Rights provides numerous protections for criminal defendants, but does not provide equivalent guarantees for civil litigants. Plaintiff has not identified nor has an independent search by the Court revealed any authority to support the proposition that spoliation of evidence in a civil case implicates a constitutional right. In fact, it appears that the vast majority of jurisdictions do not recognize a stand-alone cause of action for spoliation claims. See Teel v. Meredith, 284 Mich. App. 660, 668, 774 N.W.2d 527, 532 (2009) ("[V]ery few states recognize spoliation of evidence as an independent tort, and those that do have not only faced considerable disapproval, but have varied among themselves in the parameters and application of such a tort."); Monsanto Co. v. Reed, 950 S.W.2d 811, 815 (Ky. 1997) ("The Court of Appeals recognized that only three states have adopted this tort claim. The vast majority of jurisdictions have chosen to counteract a party's deliberate destruction of evidence with jury instructions and civil penalties."). The few federal courts to address this question have held that spoliation of evidence does not give rise to an independent claim for relief. See Turner v. United States, 736 F.3d 274, 282 n. 5 (4th Cir. 2013) ("Spoliation of evidence, standing alone, does not constitute a basis for a civil action under either federal or admiralty law."); Silvestri v. Gen. Motors Corp., 271 F.3d 583, 590 (4th Cir. 2001) ("[W]hile the spoliation of evidence may give rise to court imposed sanctions deriving from this inherent power, the acts of spoliation do not themselves give rise in civil cases to substantive claims or defenses."); Lombard v. MCI Telecommunications Corp., 13 F. Supp. 2d 621, 628 (N.D. Ohio 1998) ("No court, however, has suggested that an appropriate remedy is damages or other relief pursuant to a separate cause of action."). Under both federal and Michigan law, civil conspiracy claims are derivative. They are cognizable only insofar as there is an underlying cognizable legal claim. See Spadafore v. - 13 Gardner, 330 F.3d 849, 854 (6th Cir. 2003); In re Rospatch Sec. Litig., 760 F. Supp. 1239, 1265 (W.D. Mich. 1991) ("The focus of a civil conspiracy claim is the damage, not the conspiracy itself. Thus, conspiracy allegations not attached to allegations of a substantive wrong are not actionable."). Plaintiff is advancing claims related to the use of excessive force, but (as explained above) Plaintiff has not adequately alleged that there was a conspiracy to use excessive force. There is no independent cause of action for spoliation of evidence (in a civil case) under federal or Michigan law.2 Because civil conspiracy actions are derivative of substantive claims of wrong, Plaintiff's proposed conspiracy claims are non-cognizable and allowing the amendment would be futile. Even if Plaintiff's proposed claims were not futile, there are other reasons to be hesitant to allow the proposed amendment. The case is trial-ready and has been pending since November 2013. Discovery has long since ended, the dispositive motions deadline has passed, and three days of an evidentiary hearing have been held over several months. Plaintiff was aware of the potential evidence spoliation since at least June 26, 2015, when she filed a motion for default judgment based on the spoliation. ECF No. 57. Since then, Plaintiff has received additional information regarding the nature of the evidence spoliation, but that information has largely corroborated the allegations made in the motion for default judgment. Accordingly, the allegations now advanced in the proposed third amended complaint could have been articulated as early as June 2015. Given this case's age, further delay in resolving the excessive force and 2 The spoliation of evidence which occurred here was egregious, especially if (as it appears) it was intentional. However, not all bad faith conduct is actionable under the federal Constitution and statutes. A single instance of evidence spoliation in a civil suit is not violative of a federal right. The Court does not opine on whether a pattern of such actions (especially if the pattern and practice impacted the rights of criminal defendants) might be a violation of federal rights. To the extent Plaintiff might argue that a constitutional right protecting against the intentional spoliation of evidence in civil cases should be created, such a right was not clearly established at the time of the offense. Accordingly, the individual (proposed) Defendants would be entitled to qualified immunity. See Miller v. Calhoun Cty., 408 F.3d 803, 812 (6th Cir. 2005). - 14 related state claims is not warranted. Plaintiff's motion to file a third amended complaint will be denied. C. The remaining issue is whether Defendant Klepadlo's motion to stay pending the outcome of his interlocutory appeal should be granted. Defendant Klepadlo filed an interlocutory appeal on January 24, 2017. ECF No. 119. Defendants concurrently filed a motion to stay proceedings until that appeal was resolved. Plaintiff does not contest the motion to stay. 3 ECF No. 125. Interlocutory appeals are governed by 28 U.S.C. § 1292. Parties may seek an interlocutory appeal of right of certain orders involving injunctions, certain orders involving receiverships, or of orders which determine the rights and liabilities of parties in admiralty cases. Id. at § 1292(a)(1)–(3). None of those circumstances are present here. Additionally, § 1292(b) allows a district judge to certify as appropriate an interlocutory appeal not covered by § 1292(a) if the court believes that the appeal "involves a controlling question of law as to which there is substantial ground for difference of opinion and that an immediate appeal from the order may materially advance the ultimate termination of the litigation." Defendant Klepadlo has not sought certification of his interlocutory appeal, and the Court declines to sua sponte certify the appeal pursuant to § 1292(b). Instead, Klepadlo relies upon Supreme Court precedent which permits interlocutory appeals of denials of qualified immunity in certain strictly constrained circumstances. In Mitchell v. Forsyth, the Supreme Court provided several criteria which must be met for a decision to be 3 Plaintiff has also filed an interlocutory appeal. ECF No. 123. Plaintiff has provided no explanation of why such an interlocutory appeal is justified and the Court can conceive of no legal argument Plaintiff might make (especially considering the fact that she succeeded in advancing past summary judgment as regards the individual Defendants) that would materially advance the ultimate termination of the litigation. - 15 appealable before a final judgment. 472 U.S. 511, 527 (1985). First, the issue must be unreviewable on appeal from a final judgment. Id. The Court emphasized that qualified immunity "is an immunity from suit rather than a mere defense to liability; and like an absolute immunity, it is effectively lost if a case is erroneously permitted to go to trial." Id. at 526. However, non-reviewability is not sufficient, by itself, to justify an interlocutory appeal. Rather, the decision being appealed from must also "'conclusively determine the disputed question'" and "that question must involve a 'clai[m] of right separable from, and collateral to, rights asserted in the action.'" Id. at 527. The Mitchell Court explained that denials of qualified immunity will often meet all three prongs, at least when the denial of qualified immunity depends on "whether the legal norms allegedly violated by the defendant were clearly established at the time of the challenged actions." Id. at 528. In Johnson v. Jones, the Supreme Court confirmed that denials of qualified immunity based on a determination that there were genuine factual issues (as opposed to a decision based on a purely legal analysis) typically do not satisfy the "separability requirement" imposed by Mitchell. 515 U.S. 304, 313–15 (1995). The Johnson Court concluded that "considerations of delay, comparative expertise of trial and appellate courts, and wise use of appellate resources argue in favor of limiting interlocutory appeals of 'qualified immunity' matters to cases presenting more abstract issues of law." Id. at 317. A year later, in Behrens v. Pelletier, the Supreme Court further clarified the narrow range of immediately appealable denials of the qualified immunity: "[S]ummary judgment determinations are appealable when they resolve a dispute concerning an 'abstract issu[e] of law relating to qualified immunity—typically, the issue whether the federal right allegedly infringed was 'clearly established.'" 516 U.S. 299, 313 (1996) (quoting Johnson, 515 U.S. at 317) (emphasis in original) (internal citations omitted). - 16 The Sixth Circuit has likewise interpreted the Supreme Court's decision in this area as creating a very narrow exception allowing for interlocutory appeals. "A defendant who is denied qualified immunity may file an interlocutory appeal with this Court only if that appeal involves the abstract or pure legal issue of whether the facts alleged by the plaintiff constitute a violation of clearly established law." Berryman v. Rieger, 150 F.3d 561, 563 (6th Cir. 1998) (emphasis added). The Berryman Court explained that a right to proceed on an interlocutory appeal of a denial of qualified immunity arises "[o]nly if the undisputed facts or the evidence viewed in the light most favorable to the plaintiff fail to establish a prima facie violation of clear constitutional law." Id. See See v. City of Elyria, 502 F.3d 484, 490 (6th Cir. 2007) ("[A] determination that a given set of facts violates clearly established law is reviewable, while a determination that an issue of fact is 'genuine' is unreviewable.") (quoting Johnson, 515 U.S. at 311). See also Baker v. Union Twp., 587 F. App'x 229, 232 (6th Cir. 2014) (accord). District courts are empowered, especially in the context of a motion to stay proceedings, to review interlocutory appeals, certify them as frivolous, and proceed with the case. See Behrens v. Pelletier, 516 U.S. at 310; Yates v. City of Cleveland, 941 F.2d 444, 449 (6th Cir. 1991). See also Jennings v. Fuller, No. 13-13308, 2015 WL 5216714, at *1 (E.D. Mich. Sept. 4, 2015). In this Court's view, Defendant Klepadlo is not entitled to an interlocutory appeal based on his loss of his qualified immunity. Importantly, Klepadlo will be free to raise his challenges to that order on appeal, but the proper time for that appeal will come when a final order has been issued. Defendant Klepadlo argues that he seeks an appeal because the effect of this Court's order was to deny Klepadlo qualified immunity "by imposing an evidentiary sanction for spoliation on Co-Defendant Somero, which had no relation to Klepadlo's actions." Def. Notice - 17 of Appeal at 2, ECF No. 119. The January 24, 2017, Opinion and Order squarely addressed the interaction between the imposition of sanctions and the denial of qualified immunity: If the presumption that the recordings from Somero's vehicle would support Plaintiff's claims is not rebutted at trial, then the jury could reasonably find that Somero is liable for failing to prevent the use of excessive force. See Floyd v. City of Detroit, 518 F.3d 398, 406 (6th Cir. 2008) (explaining that an officer who fails to prevent the use of excessive force can be held liable when the officer had reason to know excessive force was being used and had the opportunity and means to prevent the harm). Accordingly, granting Somero's motion for summary judgment would be unjustified. Further, summary judgment cannot be entered for Klepadlo. Klepadlo did not engage in evidence spoliation. However, Klepadlo was the officer who fired the fatal shot. If the presumption that the missing recording would have revealed evidence supporting Plaintiff's claims stands, and the jury finds against Somero, that conclusion would necessarily involve a determination that Klepadlo acted with excessive force. It would further mean that the jury did not believe Klepadlo's sworn testimony regarding what occurred in Mr. Reddie's apartment. The rebuttable presumption, in combination with Plaintiff's other evidence of officer misconduct, thus raises a genuine issue of material fact regarding whether Klepadlo acted with excessive force and whether Somero failed to stop that use of excessive force. Summary judgment cannot be granted for the individual Defendants. Jan. 24, 2017 Op. & Order at 34–35. Klepadlo's challenge to that analysis does not justify an interlocutory appeal. Defendant Somero is not appealing the denial of qualified immunity as to him. But Plaintiff's claim against Somero is completely derivative of the claim against Klepadlo: if Klepadlo did not use excessive force, then a fortiori Somero cannot be held liable for failing to prevent the use of excessive force. If the missing videotape and other circumstantial evidence is sufficient to demonstrate a genuine issue of material fact regarding whether excessive force was used, then neither Somero nor Klepadlo are entitled to qualified immunity. Klepadlo simply challenges the fact that sanctions imposed against Somero impacted Klepadlo's entitlement to qualified immunity. Klepadlo may challenge that result in good faith on appeal, but it is not a "neat abstract issue[]" of qualified immunity law such that an - 18 interlocutory appeal is appropriate. Johnson, 515 U.S. at 317. The sanction imposed against Somero is not the denial of qualified immunity itself. Rather, the sanction is the rebuttable presumption that will be imposed at trial. Klepadlo will be permitted to explain at trial that he did not spoliate evidence. But Klepadlo's entitlement to qualified immunity must be analyzed separately from the spoliation sanctions. The very fact that audio recordings of the shooting were (apparently) willfully destroyed is itself evidence that the recordings would have contradicted (or at least undermined) Defendants' account of what occurred in Mr. Reddie's apartment. See Residential Funding Corp. v. DeGeorge Fin. Corp., 306 F.3d 99, 109 (2d Cir. 2002) ("Where a party destroys evidence in bad faith, that bad faith alone is sufficient circumstantial evidence from which a reasonable fact finder could conclude that the missing evidence was unfavorable to that party."); Zubulake v. UBS Warburg LLC, 220 F.R.D. 212, 221 (S.D.N.Y. 2003) ("[I]n the case of willful spoliation . . . the spoliator's mental culpability [is] itself evidence of the relevance of the documents destroyed."). Thus, the fact that evidence spoliation occurred dramatically impacts the tenor of the evidence of what occurred in the apartment. If the jury finds that Defendants have not adequately explained why the destroyed audio recordings would have supported their theory of the case, they could reasonably find that excessive force was used. Accordingly, Klepadlo was denied qualified immunity because there was a genuine issue of material fact regarding whether he shot Mr. Reddie with excessive force.4 The denial of qualified immunity was thus not premised on an abstract issue of law like whether the law was clearly established that excessive force is 4 Klepadlo is understandably perturbed at the fact that he was denied qualified immunity, after the Court issued an order finding that qualified immunity was likely appropriate, on the basis of misconduct by other Defendants. But had Klepadlo been dismissed based on qualified immunity, an even more bizarre and inequitable result would have become possible. Specifically, the jury might reasonably have concluded that Somero was liable for failing to prevent the use of excessive force by an individual who had been previously dismissed because there was insufficient evidence of excessive force. - 19 unconstitutional.5 Johnson, 515 U.S. at 317. Accordingly, the legal challenge Klepadlo is asserting is not appropriate for interlocutory review. Additionally, Klepadlo has not shown that a stay of proceedings pending resolution of the appeal is justified. In determining if a stay is appropriate, courts weight four factors: "1) the likelihood that the party seeking the stay will prevail on the merits of the appeal; 2) the likelihood that the moving party will be irreparably harmed absent a stay; 3) the prospect that others will be harmed if the court grants the stay; and 4) the public interest in granting the stay." Grutter v. Bollinger, 247 F.3d 631, 632 (6th Cir. 2001). None of the factors support a stay here. For the reasons stated above, Klepadlo's interlocutory appeal does not present a pure legal issue. Accordingly, this Court cautiously opines that the Sixth Circuit will decline to exercise jurisdiction over the interlocutory appeal. Further, the harm to Klepadlo if a stay is not instituted will be minimal. The parties have already finished discovery and engaged in considerable litigation regarding dispositive motions. Klepadlo (and Somero) will be free to raise challenges on appeal after trial. The only difference will be that Klepadlo will have sustained the cost of defending a case at trial. While qualified immunity is a defense from standing trial at all, the additional expense a trial will impose on Klepadlo will be a relatively minor inconvenience compared to the expense already incurred while engaging in discovery, litigating summary judgment motions, and litigating the spoliation issue. In other words, holding the trial will not substantially increase the prejudice Defendants have experienced defending this action. On the other hand, this case has been pending for a significant period of time. Mr. Reddie's estate is entitled to resolution of his claims in a timely manner. Accordingly, the Defendants' motion to stay will be denied and a new trial date will be scheduled. 5 Indeed, the legal conclusion underlying the qualified immunity analysis—that fatally shooting a man who has not given reason for a reasonable officer to fear attack is excessive force—cannot reasonably be challenged. - 20 III. Accordingly, it is ORDERED that Plaintiff's motion for leave to file a third amended complaint, ECF No. 127, is DENIED. It is further ORDERED that Defendant's motion to stay, ECF No. 121, is DENIED. It is further ORDERED that the Scheduling Order, ECF No. 27, is AMENDED as follows: Motions in Limine: June 13, 2017 Final Pretrial Order & Jury Instructions: July 5, 2017 Final Pretrial Conference: July 11, 2017, at 2:00 p.m. Jury Trial: July 25, 2017, at 8:30 a.m. It is further ORDERED counsel are DIRECTED to furnish requests for voir dire and a statement of claims or defenses, as specified in Section XII of the Scheduling Order, ECF No. 27, at least one week prior to the trial date. Dated: April 13, 2017 s/Thomas L. Ludington THOMAS L. LUDINGTON United States District Judge PROOF OF SERVICE The undersigned certifies that a copy of the foregoing order was served upon each attorney or party of record herein by electronic means or first class U.S. mail on April 13, 2017. s/Michael A. Sian MICHAEL A. SIAN - 21 - 22


Sara Gunn creates bold and distinctive fashion jewellery in leather and metals. Rich textures adorn elegant, curvaceous leather cuffs and angular rings alike. Her belief that that jewellery should be as individual as the wearer has led her to explore organic processes such as acid etching, which ensure a high degree of variation.
Sources of inspiration range from the urban landscape and gritty London streets to microscopic details within the body.
Each piece of jewellery is hand made by Sara in her London workshop in limited production runs, many pieces are one-off. Sara aims to create unique, covetable pieces that are a pleasure to wear.
Sara's 'Skin' and 'Souvenir' collections have been well received by the press, appearing in the FT How To Spend It Gift Guide, Daily Mail, Marie Claire, Hedonist, Fault, and worn by Charli XCX for Under the Radar Magazine. Winner of the 2013 Cockpit Arts Clear Insurance Award Sara is now based at Cockpit Arts in Holborn.


text:
The Paris of Toulouse-Lautrec: Prints and Posters
Jul 26, 2014–Mar 22, 2015
A preeminent artist of belle époque Paris, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (1864–1901) brought the language of the late-19th-century avant-garde to a broad public through his famous posters, prints, and illustrations for journals and magazines. A cultural nexus, he connected artists, performers, authors, intellectuals, and society figures of his day, creating a bridge between the brothels and society salons of the moment. His work allows entry into many facets of Parisian life, from politics to visual culture and the rise of popular entertainment in the form of cabarets and café-concerts. This exhibition, drawn almost exclusively from The Museum of Modern Art's stellar collection of posters, lithographs, printed ephemera, and illustrated books, is the first MoMA exhibition in 30 years dedicated solely to Lautrec, and features over 100 examples of the best-known works created during the apex of his career.
Organized thematically, the exhibition explores five subjects that together create a portrait of Lautrec's Paris. A section devoted to café-concerts and dance halls examines the rise of nightlife culture in France through the depiction of famous venues, including the celebrated Moulin Rouge. Another focuses on the actresses, singers, dancers, and performers who sparked the artist's imagination and served as his muses, including Yvette Guilbert, acclaimed dancer Loie Fuller, and close friend Jane Avril. Lautrec's sympathetic images of women are evident in a group of works that includes his landmark Elles portfolio, depicting prostitutes during nonworking hours, in quiet moments of introspection. Lautrec's role in Paris's artistic community is explored in a section devoted to his creative circle, highlighting designs for song sheets for the popular music that flooded Paris's café-concerts, programs for the avant-garde theatrical productions that he attended, and his contributions to magazines and intellectual reviews. A final section looks at the pleasures of the capital, from horse racing at Longchamp and promenading on the Bois de Boulogne, to the new fad for ice skating and the enduring appeal of Paris's culture of gastronomy.
The accompanying publication highlights the Museum's collection of prints and posters by Lautrec, with an introductory essay on the artist and five illustrated thematic sections that explore belle époque Paris as seen through Lautrec's eyes, by Sarah Suzuki.
Ongoing Programming
Learning and Drawing Space
August 1, 2014–March 22, 2015
Bauhaus Staircase, second floor
Drop by this interactive lounge to learn more about artist Henri Toulouse-Lautrec and the urban and artistic environments in Paris that helped inspire him. Draw or describe work, dining, and leisure spaces that inspire you. On select dates, participate in drawing workshops and other programs led by contemporary artists. Share your creations using the hashtag #MoMALautrec.
Organized by Sarah Suzuki, Associate Curator, Department of Drawings and Prints, MoMA.
The exhibition is supported by the MoMA Annual Exhibition Fund.
Paint and wallpaper provided by Farrow & Ball.
The Paris of Toulouse-Lautrec: Prints and Posters from The Museum of Modern Art Sarah Suzuki, 2014 Exhibition catalogue, Hardcover, 160 pages
Press release 3 pages
Last Chance to See Toulouse-Lautrec: Toast & Tour
Sat, Mar 21, 2015, 6:00 p.m.
Divas and the Demimonde in Toulouse-Lautrec's Paris
Thu, Mar 12, 2015, 11:30 a.m.
14 more past
MoMA, Floor 2
Gallery experience
Member Gallery Talks: The Paris of Toulouse-Lautrec: Prints and Posters
Wed, Feb 4, 2015, 12:30 p.m.
Gallery experience, for members
Sketching From Life
Tue, Dec 16, 2014, 2:00–3:30 p.m.
Toulouse-Lautrec's Dancers: On and Off Stage
Sat, Nov 15, 2014, 11:30 a.m.
4 more past
Lithography and the Street: The Paris of Toulouse-Lautrec
Sun, Nov 9, 2014, 1:30 p.m.
Show all past events
French, 1857–192752 exhibitions, 2,863 works online
French, 1867–194789 exhibitions, 542 works online
André Mellerio
1 exhibition, 1 work online
Georges de Feure
French, 1868–19435 exhibitions, 4 works online
French, 1868–194063 exhibitions, 39 works online
There are 36 artists in this exhibition online.
1 work identified
7 works identified
17 works identified