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Disobedience Is a Drab Story of Forbidden Love
Rachel Weisz and Rachel McAdams star in this slow-burning tale of a lesbian romance in London's Orthodox Jewish community.
By David Sims
Bleecker Street Media
The hometown that Ronit Krushka (Rachel Weisz) returns to after her father's death is a cold and gray one, a drab corner of North London that she fled in her youth. It isn't the neighborhood itself that drove Ronit away, but the Orthodox Jewish community she was raised in—which is at odds with her bisexuality and her relaxed attitude toward personal relationships. Restraint is what defines the society at the center of Sebastián Lelio's new film Disobedience: When Ronit absentmindedly moves to hug a man in one scene, he flinches in horror, forcing her to stop short.
Based on Naomi Alderman's novel, Disobedience is a sober assessment of the insularity of faith, a movie that can be both frustratingly simple and thuddingly bleak. Back home in Hendon, Ronit reunites with Esti (Rachel McAdams), with whom she once shared an intense but complicated romantic bond, and Dovid (Alessandro Nivola), a buttoned-up childhood friend who married Esti. Lelio's film (co-written with the playwright Rebecca Lenkiewicz) quickly sets up the impending collision between Dovid's traditional values and Ronit's free-spirited lifestyle, with Esti caught in the middle, but then takes an eternity to actually bring things to a head.
Lelio is a supremely talented director who has, until now, worked in his native Chile. His last film, A Fantastic Woman, was a similarly downbeat look at love and prejudice that starred the trans actress Daniela Vega; an undeniable triumph, the movie won an Oscar for Best Foreign Language Film. Disobedience has the same tight focus, keeping its action largely confined to Ronit and Esti (with Dovid looking on, disapprovingly), but it seems less understanding of the world it's navigating. Disobedience is framed as a tale of escape from a monotonous society, but its characters spend the whole time standing in the threshold, wondering whether to flee.
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Ronit is rebellious, Esti is repressed—two points that Disobedience repeats over and over until the dynamic starts to feel caricatured. London's Orthodox Jewish enclave is small and hermetic, and Lelio conveys that as much as he can, setting his action in cramped quarters and staging multiple awkward dinner conversations and whispered arguments in Dovid and Esti's home. Despite the two women's knotted past, Ronit stays with the married couple as she prepares for her father's funeral, setting the stage for the sexual tension between her and Esti to finally explode.
Weisz, who produced the movie, is often cast in this sort of role—the open-minded outcast looked at somewhat askance by the rest of the community (in the last few years, she's been in The Lobster, The Light Between Oceans, and My Cousin Rachel). McAdams, sporting a thick English accent and an even thicker wig, has a little more to work with as Esti struggles between the ordered way of life she's always known and the confusing deliverance Ronit is offering. But Esti's conflict is too binary to be believable.
Lelio could have perhaps done a better job of acknowledging the inexorable power of inertia. It's hard to understand what exactly is tethering Esti to her obviously miserable life (her romantic connection with Dovid is perfunctory at best) beyond the simple notion of "tradition." Instead of trying to reckon with Esti's beliefs, Disobedience crawls tediously toward her final confrontation with Dovid. Playing Esti's husband and inadvertent oppressor, Nivola is appropriately grumpy and subdued, suggesting a well of rage hiding beneath a passive surface. But Dovid, too, comes off as strangely two-dimensional.
Disobedience's passionate moments between Esti and Ronit are more compelling—particularly the much-discussed sex scene at the film's center, which was meticulously choreographed and unfolds in a far subtler, and less gratuitous, manner than a lot of Hollywood forbidden-romance fare. But those moments are few and far between. To make matters worse, Disobedience is—for the most part—hellishly bland to look at. The visual inventiveness that made A Fantastic Woman so spellbinding, even in its emotionally taxing moments, is absent here. So, too, is a definitive, soaring conclusion (which A Fantastic Woman had). Disobedience finishes on an annoyingly vague note, almost as if Lelio and Lenkiewicz had stumbled on a more interesting, expansive narrative in the final act but didn't quite know how to pursue it. The result is a film that, from beginning to end, feels as hopelessly lost as its characters do.


Really solid people, those who reapect themselves and have decent self-esteem, based on a sense of integrity, are happy for others' success and don't become consumed with envy. Sure, they may feel it briefly, like "how nice it would be to win the lottery," or "I wish I would inherit money, too." Yet, they count their own blessings and see the whole picture of how things could always be worse, too.
Let me tell you about a couple of cases in which envy based on low self-esteem destroy the opportunity to feel peace and happiness. First, there is the man we'll call Jim who can't listen to friends discuss their investments, their pensions, their real estate holdings, and their high income taxes without judging them as spoiled and lucky and himself as a "loser," unlucky and left out. Truth is they worked hard at good professions, saved and invested wisely and inherited some and didn't waste it. Luck didn't figure in much, just a little. He spent wildly, worked sporadically, didn't protect himself financially and then complained a lot. Also, he wasn't real lucky, like when his company was downsized and his divorce cost too much. Still, he didn't end up broke but with enough money to live. Yet, he wastes too much time and energy envying his wealthier friends and disparaging himself. Envy depresses him and he'd be better off enjoying his life, his friends, and opportunity to love life.
Then, there is the woman we'll call Jill, accomplished and pretty, comfortable in a relationship, and decently well-off. She has a good life. However, she, too, consumes herself with envy of those who look better, have hotter and more loving relationships, are much wealthier, and are more widely-traveled and more exposed to culture. What a waste of potential happiness.
I wish I could take both of these people and scads of others to work on the days I see Disability patients--people who lost their health, their sanity, their families, their hope, their work and their homes. It might just humble them into knowing the reality of the world and seeing how spoiled they really are. It humbles me after 35 years at least every week. We would do well to rejoice in others' good fortune and hurt for others' misfortune , rather than concentrating on where we fit in to some imaginary continuum of variables, like looks, wealth, relationships, accormplishments, or activities. We're not in competition with each other for a limited amount of good fortune. We're challenged to be good people. From that type of integrity comes true self-respect and contentment.


text:
Protazteca capitata är en myrart som beskrevs av Carpenter 1930. Protazteca capitata ingår i släktet Protazteca och familjen myror. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Myror
capitata

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
TriMetals Mining Inc. Obtains State of Nevada Permit to Appropriate Water
October 8, 2015, Vancouver, British Columbia—TriMetals Mining Inc. (TSX: TMI and TMI.B, US OTCQX: TMIAF and TMIBF), (the "Company"), is pleased to announce that it has obtained a State of Nevada permit to appropriate water within the Escalante Desert water basin which covers a significant portion of the Gold Springs project area. The permit allows for up to 900 acre feet of water annually to be used for mining, milling and domestic uses. These waters along with other water rights currently under contract and also designated for mining and milling use, total 965 acre feet of water annually.
Ralph Fitch, President and CEO, stated, "Importantly, these water rights are likely adequate to support a 10,000-15,000 tonne per day mining and heap leach operation, further reducing the risks associated with the Gold Springs project and the future development of the resource. With the recent re-start of drilling we are entering a very exciting period for the project which we will communicate with regular news releases."
The Company recently updated the Preliminary Economic Assessment and mineral resource estimate for Gold Springs (Press Release August 12, 2015). The PEA continues to demonstrate very positive economics for the growing resource. The acquisition of water rights to be used for mining activities is another step in the process of readying the project for potential future development.
TriMetals Mining Inc. is a growth focused mineral exploration company creating value through the exploration and development of the near surface, Gold Springs gold-silver project in mining friendly Nevada and Utah in the U.S.A.
The Company's common shares and Class B shares are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbols "TMI" and "TMI.B" and the common shares and Class B shares also trade on the OTCQX market under the symbols "TMIAF" and "TMIBF". Additional information related to TriMetals Mining Inc. is available at www.trimetalsmining.com and on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.
Certain statements contained herein constitute "forward-looking statements". Forward looking statements look into the future and provide an opinion as to the effect of certain events and trends on the business. Forward-looking statements may include words such as "likely", "further", "continue", "will", "potential" and similar expressions. These forward- looking statements are based on current expectations and entail various risks and uncertainties. Actual results may materially differ from expectations if known and unknown risks or uncertainties affect our business or if our estimates or assumptions prove inaccurate. Factors that could cause results or events to differ materially from current expectations expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements, include, but are not limited to, risks of the mineral exploration industry which may affect the advancement of the Gold Springs project, including possible variations in mineral resources, grade, recovery rates, metal prices, capital and operating costs, and the application of taxes; availability of sufficient financing to fund planned or further required work in a timely manner and on acceptable terms; availability of equipment and qualified personnel, failure of equipment or processes to operate as anticipated, changes in project parameters, including water requirements for operations, as plans continue to be refined; regulatory, environmental and other risks of the mining industry more fully described in the Company's Annual Information Form and continuous disclosure documents, which are available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. The assumptions made in developing the forward-looking statements include: the accuracy of current resource estimates and the interpretation of drill, metallurgical testing and other exploration results; the continuing support for mining by local governments in Nevada and Utah; the availability of equipment and qualified personnel to advance the Gold Springs project; execution of the Company's existing plans and further exploration and development programs for Gold Spring, which may change due to changes in the views of the Company or if new information arises which makes it prudent to change such plans or programs.
Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements contained in this press release. Except as required by law, TMI assumes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or any other reason. Unless otherwise indicated, forward-looking statements in this press release describe the Company's expectations as of October 8, 2015.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


At a wine dinner with Bordeaux first growths from 1985 to 1996, the big surprise was not the quality of the wines, but the huge variation between different bottles of the same wine. Although in each case the wines had been acquired from the same source and stored together, there was not a single instance in which two bottles of the same wine tasted the same.
The 1985 Haut Brion was the greatest puzzle. The first bottle showed a funky, quasi-medicinal nose, which seemed to suggest the possibility of Brett (unlikely though that might seem for this château), although the palate cleared a bit in the glass. It was actually subtle enough that I quite liked it. The second bottle went completely in the opposite direction, showing elegant fruits, but a squeaky-clean character with that came close to eviscerating the character of Haut Brion.
Next came Angelus 2003. (Yes, I know this was not a first growth at the time, but the organizers evidently took a broad view of the term. Anyway, you wouldn't balk at including Mouton Rothschild pre-1973 in a first growth tasting.) First bottle was fairly restrained, with rather flat aromatics, and the character of Cabernet Franc pushed a bit into the background. It never came to life. A second bottle showed more aromatic lift with a greater sense of structure at the end. A third bottle showed a more exotic impression, more sense of the precision of Cabernet Franc, with heightened sense of elegance; the very antithesis of any thought that the heat of 2003 might have given a jammy wine, it was one of the more elegant wines of the evening, while the first bottle was one of the most disappointing. On to Mission Haut Brion 1990, where the first bottle was absolutely true to the typicity of the chateau and appellation, with elegant fruits and faint sense of cigar box in the background. The next bottle showed flattened aromatics to the point at which all the life seemed to go out of the wine. While the first bottle was fabulous, the second was merely ordinary.
We went into high gear with Ausone 1996, where the aromatics of the first bottle seemed to point more to the elegance of the left bank than the richness of the right bank. Beautifully integrated, with a sense of seamless layers of flavor, the wine showed something of the ethereal quality of a great vintage of Lafite. A second bottle had a slightly sweaty nose, a faint sense of gunflint, and gave an overall impression of reduction. A third bottle was between the first two, with a flattened profile but not obviously reduced, and a fourth was almost as good as the first.
The first bottle of Lafite 1986 was a bit flat aromatically; although showing the precision and elegance of Lafite, a sense of austerity on the finish made it seem almost stern. I took the sense of a somewhat hard edge to the wine to be the character of the vintage and was uncertain whether it would dissipate with further aging. But a second example showed that this was the character of the bottle rather than the vintage: it really sung, with that ethereal quality of Lafite showing as a seamless impression of precise, elegant fruits, all lightness of being.
With Mouton Rothschild 1989 there was another sort of surprise. The first pour (from a decanter) showed the plush power of Pauillac, very much Cabernet-driven, with black, plumy fruits. A second pour (from another decanter) showed just a little more aromatic lift. The difference between these two was much slighter than between any of the preceding pairs. Here's the rub: the Mouton came from a single Imperial. The fact that there was any difference at all is surprising, although I have had this experience before, when some pours from an Imperial seemed to be corked while others were pure (I Want My Glass From the Bottom of the Imperial). Interestingly this was also from a Mouton 1989.
The notion there can be differences within a single (large) bottle is disturbing. I think this warrants a proper investigation. I will undertake a thorough experiment if given a supply of Imperials of first growth claret (Mouton from 1989 would be preferred). We will extract the cork and take samples from the top and bottom using a very long pipette, without stirring up the wine at all. Then we will know if proximity to the cork and oxygen on the one hand, or to the sediment on the other, makes any difference within the bottle.
It is not so surprising there should be differences between bottles. After all, if you buy a case of wine and store it for ten or twenty years, you can see at a glance that every bottle has a different level. Differences in ullage imply differences in exposure to oxygen that might well affect the flavor spectrum. But the comparisons in this tasting went well beyond minor differences, to the point at which in each flight there was one bottle that was unquestionably first growth, and one bottle that was disappointing enough to cast doubt on that status.
One moral is that if you are at a tasting where there are second pours from a different bottle, always get a fresh glass for the second pour. Another is to ask whether there is really any point at all in tasting notes, projections of aging, or recommendations, if every single bottle is going to be different. Certainly this is not what the punter expects when he buys a bottle. The culprit must be the cork (inter alia, the sommelier reported that he had never rejected so many corked bottles in preparing for a tasting, so the worst cases had already been removed).
Is there any alternative? Experience with New World wines suggests that using screwcaps might cause the wines to age more slowly and a little differently, but with greater consistency. I'm sure the argument in Bordeaux would be that it's a bad idea to risk damaging the product of one of the most successful wine regions in the world, but is it so successful if there is no predictability after twenty years?
I have despaired for years of seeing a reasoned discussion of the implications of genetic engineering for grapevines or other plants. Politicization has created an atmosphere in which it becomes impossible to discuss on a rational basis the advantages and disadvantages of the technique. Of course there are dangers, but they have to be weighed against potential gains.
This was brought back to mind by an essay by Hrisha Poola, the winner of the wine writing competition on jancisrobinson.com. In his essay (available at https://www.jancisrobinson.com/articles/wine-gets-crispr) he focuses on the potential use of the new CRISPR technique for GMO of plants and in particular grapevines. This is a valuable exercise, but I can't help feeling that in focusing so closely on CRISPR, this somewhat muddles the wood and the trees.
Genetic engineering of the grapevine has been possible for a couple of decades, as indeed it has for other crops. In fact, the grapevine is an outlier in the lack of GMO. CRISPR is a technical development, an important one, that makes it much easier to do genetic engineering, and which offers much greater precision than before. It's significant enough that the authors are candidates for a Nobel prize, but it does not represent the same paradigm shift as the introduction of gene editing itself.
Concentrating on the technique, and giving the impression that it is CRISPR that has actually created the possibility for genetic engineering, distracts us from the main issues. We should be discussing the implications of loss of diversity by exacerbating the trend to use clones, that is, to risk allowing a few genetically engineered clones to replace existing genetic variation. In that context, the interesting question about CRISPR is whether, by making the process easier, CRISPR might make it possible to introduce the same change into a variety of base material and thus reduce the effect of loss of diversity.
We should be discussing how to weigh up the pros and cons of the use of sulfur and copper, necessary for organic viticulture, against the possibility of eliminating them by genetic engineering of the plant. We should be discussing whether it's better to use steroid sprays to control fungal diseases as opposed to changing the genetic constitution of the plant. And, of course, all this should be within the context of explaining how using genetic engineering relates to conventional plant breeding, and what are its advantages and disadvantages relative to cross-breeding.
It is perhaps significant that Hrisha's essay opens with a quotation from Mukherjee, who has had a great success with his book (The Gene: An Intimate History), but which is skeptically regarded in the scientific community for its over simplification of epigenetics. It is a sad truth that those who have the public ear tend to trivialize or politicize the issues. I don't want to cavil, I would love to see an informed debate on the topic, but discussions need to be based not on technique and technology, but on the principles of what is involved.
Unfortunately we live in a culture where the media do not take science seriously, or perhaps to be more accurate, where they do not regard it as a topic that should be treated seriously. I remember years ago when we published a significant paper on the common cold virus in Cell, it made the concluding item on the evening news in the form of a report showing clips from Charlie Chaplin movies where the actor was ridden with cold. Very funny, but not going to help public understanding of science. Sadly, nothing has changed in thirty years. Only last week, a report that alcohol might cause cancer by leading to the production of acetaldehyde was trivialized on Reuters by video clips of drunken revelry. It's never going to be possible to have serious debate against that background, so kudos to Jancis for publishing a serious essay: but let's move on from the technology to the philosophy. Now that would be something!
I was at a wine dinner last night which served three first growths from 1989 all from Imperial. The Margaux was surprisingly earthy, the Latour was the standout–it may become ethereal if we live long enough to see it–but the Mouton was variable. I tried three glasses: the first was definitely corked, the second was on the edge, and the third seemed fine at first, but showed signs of cork taint an hour later. A normal enough experience, you might say, especially since 1989 was a period when cork taint was perhaps at its peak–but I believe all three glasses came from the same Imperial (equivalent to 8 bottles). Bottle variation is common enough, but how can there be variation within a bottle?
This set me wondering about the diffusion of TCA from the cork into the wine. I've never regarded a corked bottle as being anything other than simply corked, by which I mean that the wine is spoiled, and that's the end of it. But if the bottle is large enough, is it possible that the top has a greater concentration of TCA, and that the contaminant might not have diffused to the bottom? The idea is rather at odds with the usual analogy used to explain the power of cork taint: a couple of teaspoonfuls is enough to contaminate a swimming pool. It's never been suggested that the deep end would be less affected than the shallow end.
So I'm mystified. It's difficult to see how there could be significant variation in cork taint between one end of the bottle and the other, but the fact is that three glasses were all different. Logic or no logic, as a precaution I think in future I will try to have my pours from the bottom of the Imperial rather than the top.
What to do about Ullaged Wines?
I discovered about a dozen seriously ullaged wines when I was doing a physical inventory of my cellar, which I do every year to check on what's really there (some bottles get consumed without recording, some get taken to events, some just disappear…) While I'm at it, I check the conditions of the bottles. Although the cellar is temperature- and humidity-controlled, some bottles do develop ullage—corks don't last for ever, no matter what.
On a previous check, I discovered ullage in most of my bottles of Mouton Rothschild 1970. I asked Mouton what happened, and this was the reply: "In 1970, we used cork of 54 mm length and we had problem due to the size of the cork and not the quality. Today we use cork of 49 mm length and it is much better. When the cork is too long, the space between wine and cork is not enough to absorb temperature variations." Pity they didn't do a recall!
This year the ullaged bottles were all one-offs, with vintages ranging from 1948 to 1975. I have been trying to find a way of enjoying them. Their condition really restricts them to being tried at home, they are too unreliable to offer to guests, and the combination means it may be ambitious to have the whole bottle at one sitting.
Coravin seemed like it might be a solution. Use Coravin for the first half of the bottle, so as to protect the rest with nitrogen, and then pull the cork to enjoy the other half a day later. But the corks are too fragile. Turning the bottle up to use the Coravin, wine washes out right around the cork. Another problem is that, as the bottle is turned more towards the horizontal, the sediment gets all stirred up. So Coravin may be great to enjoy pours of young wines, but once a wine is old enough to have any substantial sediment, it creates as many problems as it solves.
Even extracting the corks without getting fragments into the wine is a problem, but assuming the cork can be got out, I have a working solution. Because of the difficulty of extracting the cork, and uncertainty as to whether the wine will be drinkable, the bottle needs to be opened a bit in advance. Once the cork is finally out, I bubble a little nitrogen into the wine to stop any deterioration before we drink it. A little later, we start on the first half of the bottle.
Assuming the wine hasn't deteriorated in the course of dinner, I then decant the remaining half into a half bottle. This allows the sediment to be filtered out. Then I sparge the bottle with nitrogen. There have been on or two incidents when the sparging was a bit too vigorous, and we lost some wine, but basically this removes any free oxygen. Obviously it can't reverse any oxidative changes that have occurred in the wine, but it seems to stop any further deterioration. The wine goes back in the cellar over night to keep it as cool as possible. (Yes, I am aware of Dalton's law of physics, which means that each gas equilibrates independently in a solution, but be that as it may, so far, on the basis of an admittedly statistically insignificant sample, it works; every wine has been enjoyable the day after.) The Lafite 1961 even improved, and was even smoother and silkier the second day.
The staying power of some of these old wines, especially first growths, is remarkable. Mouton 1949 was rich, full, and opulent: every drop a first growth, even though it was only a second growth at the time. In a blind tasting, I suspect I would have mistaken it for an old Latour. Canon 1966 and La Conseillante 1966 showed unexpected precision. Some bottles were, of course, undrinkable, but I still have several more to go.
Perhaps because it is on the area of the graves right at the border with St. Emilion—one third of the vineyards even extend into over the border—La Conseillante has always been one of my favorite Pomerols. While I sometimes find the openly lush quality of Pomerol to be a bit too rich for my palate, La Conseillante strikes a more restrained note, partly due to a higher proportion of Cabernet Franc.
The secret to restraint is not simply a function of the grape varieties, however, because along the same lines, Château Magdelaine was always one of my favorite St. Emilions. Although in its day it actually had one of the highest proportions of Merlot, it always had a beautiful restraint, in fact, in some vintages I found myself thinking more about the left bank than the right bank in terms of comparisons. It was for me a sad day when Moueix decided to stop producing it as an independent château and combined it with Château Belair-Monange. It never achieved great success in the marketplace, perhaps because of its restraint, which brings me back to the theme of La Conseillante.
La Conseillante has had its ups and downs. It had a great reputation in the fifties and sixties, declined in the seventies, and then came back in the eighties. Until the 1990s, the vineyards were planted with 45% each of Merlot and Cabernet Franc, and 10% Malbec. Then in the modern trend, Merlot came to the fore, reaching 65% by the nineties, and 80% by the 2000s. The proportion of Merlot in the grand vin in recent vintages has varied from 81% to 89%.
But things are changing. Marielle Cazaux became the estate manager in 2015, and Michel Rolland has been consulting winemaker since 2013. Does this mark a move in a direction of greater plushness to more of an international style? There haven't been any noticeable changes in winemaking so far, although the tradition at La Conseillante has been to perform malolactic fermentation in the concrete vats, and Michel Rolland is known to be an advocate for MLF in barrique. That would probably bring a softer, lusher impression to reinforce a move to a slightly richer style anyway in recent years, although of course that's common all over Bordeaux.
At a recent tasting, the 2000 was the standout vintage: just at that tipping point when primary fruits have gone and there are slight signs of development. For me, it is perfection now, partly because it adds intimations of the left bank, with that faintly savory quality, to counterpoise the richness of Pomerol. It's the perfect moment to see the true character of the wine. The 1990 was an illustration of why I have reservations about hot vintages and rich styles: just a bit too overt for my palate, more of a rustic impression, blurring the palate, compared to the laser-focus of 2000. The 1985 was a bit of a disappointment, with the fruits drying out, leaving a somewhat herbaceous impression with medicinal notes that recalled old Bordeaux. But on a rough count, opinion seemed more or less equally split as to which vintage was preferred, so something for everyone here.
Going back to the previous era, or perhaps more accurately to the beginning of the modern era, the 1982 (tasted later a day later) is very much in the lineage of the 2000, but seems if anything even fresher: that sense of Medocian restraint is there, but the fruits are lusher, smooth and silky, with a fainter herbal counterpoise. To be fair, the 1982 is now a little variable: a previous bottle earlier this year seemed a little tired and would not have compared so favorably with the 2000.
Although somehat ullaged, a bottle of 1966 was something else: incredibly youthful, rich, round, and ripe on opening, and then slowly converging in style with the 1982 and 2000 as a faint herbal counterpoise develops in the glass. I'm not sure that it would be easy to identify as the oldest wine in a blind tasting. Once again, there's some variation between bottles, as the previous bottle, a few years ago, seemed distinctly more claret-like, where this one seems the most Pomerol-ish of all.
La Conseillante was really doing something absolutely right to produce wines like the 1966, 1982, and 2000: so please don't change it, M. Rolland.
I wound up my week in Beaujolais by visiting two long-time producers, whose approach to making Beaujolais could not be more different, but each of whom typifies the very best of their approach.
I remember Château des Jacques when it was owned by Thorin and produced a single Moulin à Vent, usually (in my view) the best wine in the appellation. (There was also sometimes a vieilles vignes cuvée coming mostly from the lieu-dit of Rochegrès). Thorin were famous for adopting a completely different policy from the semi-carbonic maceration that dominated (and still dominates) Beaujolais. Wines were treated in a Burgundian way and aged in oak barriques, something that was regarded with horror by other winemakers in the region.
Château des Jacques is a building site today because the old winery is being completely renovated.
"There is a blend from each commune, which we regard like a village wine in Burgundy, and 7 different single vineyard wines, which we could compare with premier crus. You might think this is the difference between grand vins and second wines, but it's not like that at all, we take the best barrels for the blend for the commune, and then if there is enough we make the single vineyard wines." The blends are matured one third in cuve and two thirds in barrique, with only a little new oak; the single vineyard wines are matured in barrique, with about 20% new oak.
A new cuverie is being constructed and should be ready for the 2017 harvest.
Tasting the range is much like a tasting in Burgundy. The communal blends are textbook illustrations of their appellations; Morgon is the tightest, Fleurie moves towards fleshiness, and Moulin à Vent shows breadth and that sense of minerality (I call it iron in the soil although if there's any mineral in Moulin à Vent it's really manganese). In the lieu-dits of Moulin à Vent, Carquelin (with some clay in the soil) is a little rounder than La Roche (which is sandier), and Rochegrès has a sense of purity and minerality enhanced by its high elevation. Moving to Morgon Côte du Py (at the same elevation of 360m as Rochegrès), there's that typical sense of tension. All of the wines require aging: I tasted a horizontal of the 2014 vintage and I would wait at least 2-3 years before starting any of them. We concluded the tasting with a 1996 (to celebrate the anniversary of Jadot's purchase) and it still in excellent shape.
My next visit was to Domaine Paul Janin (also known as Domaine de Tremblay) where "the history is very simple," says Eric Janin. "It goes back to my great grandfather, who was a tonnelier and bought several parcels of vines." My grandfather bought some vines in the Tremblay lieu dit, which became the official name of the domain. "The domain has both increased and diminished since then." Today there are 7.5 ha, all in Moulin à Vent, except for a hectare of Beaujolais Villages. There are three cuvées from Moulin à Vent: Vignes de Tremblay, which is a blend from several plots; Heritage, which is an assemblage from plots planted by Eric's grandfather in the 1930s; and Le Greneriers, which a single vineyard wine from around the house. Vinification follows what you might call recent tradition, with whole bunches going into the vat with only a little destemming, giving carbonic maceration for the first few days, followed by maturation exclusively in stainless steel.
The Janin domain is in the heart of Moulin à Vent, a stone's throw from Château des Jacques.
The wines are the quintessence of maturation in cuve, emphasizing purity of black fruits, with cherries merging into more aromatic notes in warmer vintages. Tannins can be felt on the finish but are very supple. There is greater concentration going from the Vignes de Tremblay to the Vieilles Vignes and then to the single vineyard wine, but there is always that sense of finesse and focus. The 2014 vintage is wonderfully approachable already. The same sense of purity and precision carries over to the Beaujolais Blanc.
There is something for everyone here. I wouldn't like to argue as to whether there is a "true" style for Beaujolais, but it's obvious from comparing the two producers that you can make top notch wines in more than one way. All serious producers in Beaujolais feel they are laboring under the burden that it's difficult to get away from the image of Beaujolais Nouveau—which is why the Crus rarely put Beaujolais on the label—but it's worth recognizing that the Crus, especially the top ones of Fleurie, Morgon, and Moulin à Vent, can be interesting, and reflective of terroir and Gamay, just as much as better known varieties.


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For some coffee farmers, global warming isn't their biggest threat. Instead, they risk losing livelihoods – and lives – in the many conflict zones along the coffee belt.
Stories of the challenges coffee farmers face focus largely on poverty and global warming. While these are real challenges with repercussions that have flowed down the supply chain, they overshadow another very real challenge for many coffee farmers: conflict.
The correlation between coffee and conflict is significant, but stories of coffee farmers and their families living among violence, civil war, and the dangerous remnants of battles or military presence are rarely told.
According to the Polus Center for Social and Economic Development, a nonprofit dedicated to supporting victims of conflict, 10 of the top 14 coffee producing countries are plagued by landmines and other remnants of war. Colombia in particular is considered the most heavily mined country in the world, but it's also the third-largest producer of coffee.
On the other side of the world in Laos, volatile cluster munitions left over from the Vietnam War litter the landscape in the southern part of the country. It, too, is a prime coffee-growing region.
The examples in central Africa are numerous: "More people have died from conflict in Eastern Congo in the past 25 years than all wars combined since World War II," says Chris Treter, founder of Higher Ground Coffee Trading and its nonprofit arm On the Ground. Coffee used to be Congo's second-largest export after copper, but decades of conflict have slashed both production and exports.
Just north in South Sudan, more than 2 million civilians have been displaced, their farms abandoned, as civil war ravages the young country. Only because of recent relief efforts have coffee farmers been able to get their high-quality beans to the international market.
The Polus team cautions against counting incidences or deaths to understand the impact past and current conflict has on coffee farmers. In some countries, even tracked data on landmines and unexploded ordnances isn't reliable, says Theresa Kane, Chief Operating Officer at the Polus Centre. Many have yet to be discovered and some farmers don't report them for fear of retaliation from feuding parties.
"Whatever number you see on landmine victims, you can always assume there are many more. You can correlate that with how many people in that country are making a living through coffee," Kane says.
Executive Director Michael Lundquist adds that even if you have the data, it really doesn't tell the story. "Many people, when they talk about landmines or other ordnances, they often think about the personal injury or loss of life or limb, but they also have a huge effect on entire coffee communities," he says.
According to the Polus Centre, about three-quarters of landmine victims are civilians and a majority are women, cultivating their farms or bringing their coffee to be processed or sold. Because of landmines and resulting injuries in fields, some farmers will abandon their coffee crops out of fear. Those who return work in fear every day.
Many coffee farmers in conflict zones have fled their villages or been forced out of their homes at gunpoint. Some never return, and those that do often find the farm taken over, destroyed, or embedded with landmines.
Farmers also face obstacles getting their coffee to market in conflict zones, as again areas have been taken over or routes have become obstructed or mined.
On a larger scale, past or ongoing conflict in coffee-growing regions means farmers leave the industry, farmland goes uncultivated, cherries go unpicked, and coffee simply doesn't make it to market. In an industry where producers already struggle to find workers and global supply can't keep up with expanding demand, the impact is great.
For the small team at the Polus Centre, the correlation between coffee and conflict came about in 1997 when it began work in Nicaragua, a significant coffee producer that has seen its share of bloodshed.
Although the Polus Centre isn't exclusive to the coffee industry, its humanitarian work since 1997 has been focused on coffee communities, largely across Latin America and Africa. It also established the Coffeelands Trust in 2005, a fund dedicated to supporting those coffee communities affected by conflict.
The Polus Centre's work focuses largely on providing prosthetics, physical and psychological support, and improved accessibility. "Maybe an artificial limb isn't the most pressing need, but it's a way for them to get back to work – a means to an end," Kane says.
For some, that help will be a prosthetic leg that allows them to get back into the fields or improved accessibility at the local wet mill. For those whose physical or psychological injuries are too severe to return to farming, the help may be finding work in another area.
Because the Polus Centre doesn't have any staff based in its project countries, it relies on many partnerships. The US Department of State Office of Weapons Removal and Abatement is one such partner, helping prioritise countries in need and demining contaminated land.
Last year, Hadrick turned Lundquist's attention to the Congo for its high density of both landmines and coffee farms. Together with On the Ground, the Eastern Congo Initiative ,and a handful of other organisations, they launched the Lake Kivu Coffee Alliance. As of print, the group had provided prosthetic limbs for 20 individuals.
The accessibility component involves working with the local community to address the victims' newfound challenges. In Lake Kivu, they are in the beginning stages of developing an accessible washing station.
In its position along the centre of the coffee belt, South Sudan shares some of the same ideal growing conditions as neighbouring Ethiopia, Kenya, and Uganda. But because the young country has been plagued with conflict – first in its fight for independence from Sudan and then in civil war since 2013 – it has only produced small inconsistent volumes for local consumption.
In pursuit of the coffee's unique flavour profile and as part of its AAA Sustainable Quality Program, Nespresso launched a project to revive the country's coffee industry and introduce it to the international market. To facilitate the complex and dangerous work, Nespresso partnered with TechnoServe, a nonprofit that develops private-sector-driven solutions for poverty.
The South Sudanese region has a long history of coffee production, says Paul Stewart, Global Coffee Director at TechnoServe. "When we studied the possibility of redeveloping the coffee sector, we saw a real opportunity. With access to training and well-run processing facilities, these farmers could produce high-quality coffee for export and earn a better living," he says.
Since its launch in 2011, Nespresso has invested more than $3.4 million in the project, providing training to more than 700 coffee growers, establishing five coffee co-operatives, and helping build six cooperative-owned wet mills. Resources have also gone toward building nurseries, implementing soil improvement plans, developing commercial channels, and providing other tools and technical assistance.
In 2015, South Sudan made its first coffee export, which was used in Nespresso's small-batch capsule called Suluja ti South Sudan ("Beginning of South Sudan" in the local Kakwa language) and made available in limited quantities in France.
In April 2016, the US Agency for International Development (USAID) joined the project and committed $3.18 million over three years. According to Nespresso, USAID's contribution would help increase scale and expand the initiative into new communities. In line with expansion, they planned to provide training for up to 8,000 farmers by 2020 and establish additional cooperatives and processing facilities.
Shortly after USAID's injection of funding, however, the project hit a significant roadblock and staff experienced first hand the dangers and complexities of growing coffee in conflict zones.
In July 2016, conflict spread to the program area in Yei, a town that until then had remained less affected. As the conflict drew closer, on-the-ground work was suspended and TechnoServe staff were forced to leave in late 2016. They have since been providing training via radio broadcast as infrastructure and security allow.
While these specific projects have proved beneficial for their war-torn coffee communities, TechnoServe sees coffee as a vehicle for rebuilding post-conflict, in effect representing a negative correlation between coffee and conflict, Stewart says. "There is a stabilising effect of coffee income that creates an incentive for communities to shun violence.
Among those are minimal capital and infrastructure requirements, and coffee trees' resiliency and low upkeep.
Stewart cites work TechnoServe and USAID conducted in northern Nicaragua in 1993. The region had been decimated by war, but many farmers still had their old coffee trees. "At times of conflict, when law and order break down, valuable assets like livestock tend to disappear. But coffee trees are more likely to remain standing on the farm when a conflict ends," he says.
On the consumer end, Stewart sees the opportunity in sharing these unique origin stories with today's third-wave coffee customer who is increasingly interested in hearing about where coffee has come from.
The challenge, Lundquist says, is how to get the industry to take notice. "[For us], it's been very hard to market landmine victims as 'coffee with a cause'." Some sceptics don't believe the problem is significant enough, others don't want to attach their brand to such a gruesome image, and others simply don't understand the reality, he explains.
This scepticism and confusion may be why global warming and poverty often overshadow conflict in the list of challenges coffee farmers face, but it's all the more reason to find a way to tell the story.


2018 so far has not been a banner year for most markets. Here at home the TSX is down 4.9% for the year while the US market (as measured by the S&P 500) is up 3.5% in US dollars. The tech heavy NASDAQ, despite the recent pullback, fared much better and, despite the near 10% correction over the past few weeks, is still up 8.6%. The Emerging Markets have been hit especially hard, led by China which is down close to 30% but the broad EM are down over 15% in US dollars. European markets are in correction territory, having fallen more than 10% from their peak, and are down close to 9% for the year and closing things out the Japanese stock market is basically flat. Diversified portfolios, holding a mix of Canadian, US and International investments as well as other asset classes like bonds, real estate and alternative investments, have fared better and by their nature should hold up better in periods of market volatility, just as they do not tend to fully participate in the market's upside in periods of strength.
The economy is quite strong by many measures, and many experts say that's more important the market's daily ups and downs, but there are some factors that investors had decided to ignore for most of the summer: the ongoing trade war with China, concerns that the US Central Bank (The "Fed") will raise rates too quickly causing a downturn in the economy, third quarter earnings could be a little lower causing pressure on profit margins, money moving out of stocks as bonds become more attractive due to higher rates.
So what's causing the selloff? Jurien Timmer, a Director with Fidelity's Global Asset Allocation Division uses an equation to demonstrate: Price=Earnings/Interest Rates. When earnings go up and rates go down prices increase. But the opposite is also true, when earnings go down and rates go up, prices fall. This is the 'market math'. After a year of strong earnings growth many companies seem to be preparing their investors to lower their expectations for the 3rd quarter blaming tariffs and inflation. This may mean earnings growth is peaking.
It's never fun to see our investments shrink in value, but it is part of the process for bull markets to experience pullbacks from time to time. In fact, it's important not to let short term "noise" affect a carefully designed long term investment plan. While our natural reaction to the noise might be to get off the wild ride, we need to remember what's happening in the headlines is not necessarily what's happening in your portfolio and remember that the media is not in the business of giving investment advice.


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text:
using System.ComponentModel;

namespace DotSpatial.Symbology
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Interface for LineScheme.
    /// </summary>
    [TypeConverter(typeof(ExpandableObjectConverter))]
    public interface ILineScheme : IFeatureScheme
    {
        #region Properties

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the list of scheme categories belonging to this scheme.
        /// </summary>
        LineCategoryCollection Categories { get; set; }

        #endregion
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Best Thing On The Internet
admin September 7, 2014 Generalbest, Internet, Thingadmin
I live out in the Bay Area and Silicon Valley, where the promise of new technology overshadows what drives marketing results, and legacy communication protocols like email tend to be undervalued. I found this article on the ubiquitous "email is dead" topic actually very well thought out (outside of the reference to email as the Cockroach of the Internet), and it conjured up a few additional thoughts on this subject. (I'll also refer you back to an article I wrote in 2011 on the importance of an email address as "a primary piece of data… that will be used in the future to identify you as a unique person." It's good to review, as the basis of this discussion has not changed much.)
Many people believe that with the preponderance of social outlets and new generation of email-less children, email as a communication vehicle will change significantly or not even exist in the next generation. We used to argue that email isn't important until you get a job, and then it's forced into your life. Some even discourage the use of email in the work environment, some outright ban it, and there are new apps like "Holiday Email" that Daimler is using for its employees that simple delete all email sent while you are on vacation.
With all the naysayers about email, let's change the basis of this decline prophecy and look at it through a marketer's lens vs. a general trend level view of consumer email. People do and will continue to buy through email. Why? Inboxes have gotten a lot smarter, and marketers have gotten smarter and begun sending out more frequent and relevant content. There is still a large volume of traffic that is none of the above — yet there are thousands of brands around the globe that rely on email as their primary broadcast and sales channels. That will not change as long as email remains one of the most economical, ROI-driven marketing channels.
Email has become even more ingrained in your day-to-day routine due to the smartphone. You are tethered to your inbox everywhere! It's easy to triage and manage many of your email accounts and do it on the run. For marketers, the good part is that they really never have an offline audience. The bad part is that the experience is still not optimal for shop, browse and buying type behaviors on a 6" screen.
I think being able to understand the context of a user by device, by content, and by daypart will be one of the most powerful behavioral pieces of information for the ad tech world going forward. That's truly golden!. While email/mobile may not be the perfect mobile commerce solution for converting mobile users, in tandem with your ad targeting, this will be the data you need to bring audience management to life for cross-channel.
Although there is a lot of debate about the future of cookies, there is no denying the impact of retargeting driven from email and email-oriented pages on the Web. If you want to see evidence of this, go to any email service provider site (all of them do retargeting) and then watch their ads on all the obscure sites you visit. This, combined with intelligence, is a very powerful method to re-engage buyers B2C or B2B. It's too bad that most brands have ad targeting in separate divisions from the email groups.
MediaPost | Email Insider
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text:
SEARCH | ABOUT | INDEX | NEWS | CORE STANDARDS | TECHNOLOGY REPORTS | EVENTS | LIBRARY
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XML Daily Newslink . Monday, 03 August 2009
A Cover Pages Publication http://xml.coverpages.org/
Provided by OASIS and Sponsor Members
Edited by Robin Cover
This issue of XML Daily Newslink is sponsored by:
Sun Microsystems, Inc. http://sun.com
Oracle and Cisco Submit XACML Authorization API and AMF Specification
Extensible Markup Language Evidence Record Syntax
OGC Hosts Authentication Interoperability Experiment
AICPA Publishes XBRL History: The Story of Our New Language
A Maven Based CMIS Tck to Contribute in Apache Chemistry
NIST Final Report: Recommended Security Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations
Extended MKCOL for WebDAV: Call for Consideration as Proposed Standard
Hal Lockhart, Rich Levinson, Anil Tappetla; OASIS XACML TC Contribution
Oracle and Cisco have contributed technical materials to the OASIS Extensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML) Technical committee covering an XACML Authorization API and Attribute Manifest File Format (AMF) definition. The contribution has four parts: (1) An Overview Presentation introduces the Authorization API and Finding Input Attributes. (2) Java API Materials are packaged in a ZIP archive, being 378 files constituting the Authorization API code.
(3) The 'API Examples Document: Supplement to Authorization API' "includes supplementary materials for the proposed Java Az API. The Az API is primarily intended to allow Authorization decisions to be made by an XACML-compliant PDP, but could also be used to access other types of PDPs that are capable of making use of the inputs provided. It is intended primarily for use by infrastructure components which have be configured to populate the request context with Attributes and/or invoke Authorization decisions, prior to the execution of specified Methods, however it also may be used by applications which have specialized requirements or need to provide inputs not available to the infrastructure."
(4) The 'AMF Format Document: Attribute Manifest File' "defines a format, called an Attribute manifest File (AMF), for communicating metadata about information, in the form of attributes which may be used in making access control policy decisions. It specifies an XML format for exchanging this data. It describes several usecases in which this data might be consumed. It also suggests how the data might be generated. However, it does not specify an specific processing algorithms or system architectures for its generation or consumption... This specification defines a data format which should allow callers of a PDP to provide information more closely tailored to policy needs, while not breaking the encapsulation of the PDP."
See also: Felix Gaehtgens' blog
Aleksej J. Blazic, Svetlana Saljic, Tobias Gondrom (eds), IETF Internet Draft
Members of the IETF Long-Term Archive and Notary Services (ltans) Working Group have published an updated specification for "Extensible Markup Language Evidence Record Syntax."
This Working Group was chartered to "define requirements, data structures and protocols for the secure usage of the necessary archive and notary services... In many scenarios, users need to be able to ensure and prove the existence and validity of data, especially digitally signed data, in a common and reproducible way over a long and possibly undetermined period of time... Long-term non-repudiation of digitally signed data is an important aspect of PKI-related standards. Standard mechanisms are needed to handle routine events, such as expiry of signer's public key certificate and expiry of trusted time stamp authority certificate. A single timestamp is not sufficient for this purpose. Additionally, the reliable preservation of content across change of formats, application of electronic notarizations, and subsequent notary services require standard solutions..."
The "Extensible Markup Language Evidence Record Syntax" memo "specifies an XML syntax and processing rules for creating evidence for long-term non-repudiation of existence of data. ERS-XML incorporates alternative syntax and processing rules to ASN.1 ERS syntax by using XML language. Evidence Record Syntax in XML format is based on long term archive service requirements as defined in RFC 4810 ("Long-Term Archive Service Requirements"). XMLERS syntax delivers the same (level of) non-repudiable proof of data existence as ASN.1 ERS. The XML syntax supports archive data grouping (and de-grouping) together with simple or complex time-stamp renewal process. Evidence records can be embedded in the data itself or stored separately as a standalone XML file... Evidence Record maintains a close relationship to time stamping techniques. However, time-stamps as defined in RFC 3161, can cover only a single unit of data and do not provide processing rules for maintaining a long term stability of time-stamps applied over a data object. Evidence for an archive object is created by acquiring a time-stamp from a trustworthy authority for a specific value that is unambiguously related to a single or more data objects. The Evidence Record syntax enables processing of several archive objects within a single processing pass using a hash-treeing technique and acquiring only one time-stamp to protect all archive objects..."
See also: the Long-Term Archive and Notary Services WG Status Pages
Staff, Open Geospatial Consortium Announcement
The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) announced the launch of an Authentication Interoperability Experiment on 2-October-2009. "The initiators of the experiment seek participation by other organizations interested in developing standard ways of implementing authentication and related security capabilities in applications involving OGC Web Services standards.
The Authentication Interoperability Experiment will test standard ways of transferring authentication information between OGC clients and OGC services using existing mechanisms such as HTTP Authentication, HTTP Cookies, SSL/X509, SAML, Shibboleth, OpenID, and WS-Security.
The purpose of this experiment is to develop a candidate OGC Best Practices document that documents standard ways of performing authentication in applications that implement OGC Web Services standards. The goal is to provide guidance about authentication to implementers of solutions and to organizations that seek to deploy such solutions. It is the belief of the initiators that if such a document is made available more OGC compliant commercial products that natively support authentication will be offered by vendors. The OGC members that are acting as initiators of the Interoperability Experiment are CubeWerx, Sierra Systems Group, Inc. and others..."
See also: Geography Markup Language (GML) references
Karen Kernan, AICPA Paper
The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) has published a history of XBRL, (Extensible Business Reporting Language), an XML-based "open standard which supports information modeling and the expression of semantic meaning commonly required in business reporting." Title: "XBRL: The Story of Our New Language. Personalities, Cultures, and Politics Combine to Create a Common, Global Language for Business," edited by Karen Kernan, based on a chronicle of Charles Hoffman and Louis Matherne. To produce this 39-page report, the AICPA interviewed many of the XBRL contributors, in order to encapsulate the journey from its original development to the creation of a consortium of over 550 organizations who work together to continue to build a common language for business reporting and support its adoption.
From the Introduction: "XBRL has been a journey of high and lows that met with great successes in 2008... The first critical decision was deciding to make XBRL intellectual property available in the public domain. The belief of shared development and use made this decision easy, but it doesn't take away from the significant impact it had on ensuring that XBRL wouldn't become just a tool for financial reporting by CPAs for CPAs... The fundamental decision to develop applications outside of financial reporting—the broader footprint previously mentioned -- ensured that XBRL could be leveraged in the U.S. jurisdiction for the reporting of all types of business information. Then Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Chairman Chris Cox deserves credit for seeing the broader business reporting vision that led to his support of the U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) project through XBRL-US, Inc., the U.S. jurisdiction of XBRL International. As XBRL moves forward, the broader footprint will result in projects focused on tax information, business regulatory metrics, corporate actions, tracking of asset-backed securities, and even state-tostate based regulatory models. All of these tasks can fully utilize the power of XBRL and its ability to create and analyze common data..."
See also: Charles Hoffman's XBRL blog
Gabriele Columbro, Blog
"Lately I've been involved into refactoring the Alfresco CMIS Test Harness into an external TCK (Test Compatibility Kit) module to contribute to the Apache Chemistry. At the moment it's mostly focused on the AtomPub part (including an Apache Adbera extension), but being based on Apache Maven standards should be fairly easy to scale out to WebServices binding testing. This would be this first real contribution from Alfresco to the Chemistry project, where David Caruana and I have the luck of being involved as committers. At the moment the code for the will-be-called chemistry-atompub-tck is still hosted under the Alfresco contrib SVN space as still to be completed, but already offering quite some nice functionality to test the compatibility of your server to the CMIS 0.6.2 standard. The code (which was already in Alfresco and kept up to date to the CMIS standard directly by David) is now almost ready for contribution as it's completely decoupled from Alfresco and uses a standard Maven build process (Junit + Surefire) to run compatibility tests against an existing (and running) CMIS server... The idea at the base of this contribution is that this TCK can be used to test virtually any CMIS implementation and Maven profiles provide us a nice way to aggregate the full test fixture and publish the result in a nicely aggregated fashion. [We] would like all the other open source vendors involved in Chemistry to maintain their own profile which will serve as community reference for the CMIS readiness of a specific platform..."
See also: CMIS specification references
William Jackson, Government Computer News
The U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology has collaborated with the military and intelligence communities to produce the first set of security controls for all government information systems, including national security systems. The controls are included in the final version of Special Publication 800-53, Revision 3, "Recommended Security Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations," just released. NIST called the document historic: "For the first time, and as part of the ongoing initiative to develop a unified information security framework for the federal government and its contractors, NIST has included security controls in its catalog for both national security and non-national security systems... the updated security control catalog incorporates best practices in information security from the United States Department of Defense, Intelligence Community and Civil agencies, to produce the most broad-based and comprehensive set of safeguards and countermeasures ever developed for information systems..."
From NIST Special Publication 800-53 Chapter 1: "The purpose of this publication is to provide guidelines for selecting and specifying security controls for information systems supporting the executive agencies of the federal government to meet the requirements of FIPS 200, Minimum Security Requirements for Federal Information and Information Systems. The guidelines apply to all components of an information system that process, store, or transmit federal information."
NIST also has released a draft of SP 800-126, The Technical Specification for the Security Content Automation Protocol (SCAP) , for public comment. SCAP is a suite of specifications that use the Extensible Markup Language (XML) to standardize how software products exchange information about software flaws and security configurations. It includes software flaw and security configuration standard reference data, provided by the National Vulnerability Database (NVD), is managed by NIST and sponsored by the Homeland Security Department. SCAP supports automated vulnerability checking, technical control compliance activities and security measurement.
See also: NIST Special Publication 800-53
Cyrus Daboo (ed), IETF Internet Draft
The Internet Engineering Steering Group has received a request from members of the vCard and CardDAV WG (VCARDDAV) Working Group to consider "Extended MKCOL for WebDAV" -05 as an IETF Proposed Standard, and solicits final public comment on this action.
The specification "Extended MKCOL for WebDAV" specification extends the Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV) MKCOL method to allow collections of arbitrary resourcetype to be created and to allow properties to be set at the same time. One or more 'DAV:set' XML elements may be included in the 'DAV:mkcol' XML element to allow setting properties on the collection as it is created. In particular, to create a collection of a particular type, the 'DAV:resourcetype' XML element must be included in a 'DAV:set' XML element and MUST specify the expected resource type elements for the new resource, that MUST include the 'DAV:collection' element that needs to be present for any WebDAV collection..."
The VCARDDAV Working Group was chartered to revise the vCard specification (RFC 2426) at proposed standard status and produce an address book access protocol leveraging the vCard data format. "A personal address book (PAB) contains a read/write copy of attributes describing a user's interpersonal contacts. This is distinct from a directory which contains a primarily read-only copy of users within an organization. While these two data objects share a large number of common attributes, their use and access patterns are fundamentally different. The IETF has a standards-track data format (vCard) which has been successfully used to interchange both personal-address-book and user directory entry data objects..."
See also: the vCard Format Specification
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text:
A Text-book of Euclid's Elements for the Use of Schools, Βιβλίο 1
Από τον/την Euclid
1. A point is that which has position, but no magnitude.
2. A line is that which has length without breadth.
3. The extremities of a line are points, and the intersection of two lines is a point.
4. A straight line is that which lies evenly between its extreme points.
Any portion cut off from a straight line is called a segment of it.
5. A surface (or superficies) is that which has length and breadth, but no thickness.
6. The boundaries of a surface are lines.
7. A plane surface is one in which any two points being taken, the straight line between them lies wholly in that surface.
A plane surface is frequently referred to simply as a plane.
Note. Euclid regards a point mereiy as a mark of position, and he therefore attaches to it no idea of size and shape.
Similarly he considers that the properties of a line arise only from its length and position, without reference to that minute breadth which every line must really have if actually drawn, even though the most perfect instruments are used.
The definition of a surface is to be understood in a similar way,
8.8.E.
8. A plane angle is the inclination of two lines to one another, which meet together, but are not in the same direction.
[Definition 8 is not required in Euclid's Geometry, the only angles employed by him being those formed by straight lines. See Def. 9.]
9. A plane rectilineal angle is the inclination of two straight lines to one another, which meet together, but are not in the same straight line.
The point at which the straight lines meet is called the vertex of the angle, and the straight lines themselves the arms of the angle.
Note. When there are several angles at one
point, each is expressed by three letters, of which
the letter that refers to the vertex is put between
the other two. Thus the angle contained by the
straight lines OA, OB is named the angle AOB O
or BOA; and the angle contained by OA, OC is
named the angle AOC or COA. But if there is
only one angle at a point, it may be expressed by
a single letter, as the angle at 0.
Of the two straight lines OB, OC shewn in the adjoining diagram, we recognize that OC is more inclined than OB to the straight line OA: this we express by saying that the angle AOC is greater than the angle XOB. Thus an angle must be regarded as having magnitude.
It must be carefully observed that the size of an angle in no way
depends on the length of its arms, kut only on their inclination to
one another.
The angle AOC is the sum of the angles AOB and BOC; and
AOB is the difference of the angles AOC and BOC.
[Another view of an angle is recognized in many branches of
mathematics ; and though not employed by Euclid, it is here given
because it furnishes more clearly than any other a conception of
what is meant by the magnitude of an angle.
Suppose that the straight line OP in the diagram
is capable of revolution about the point O, like
the hand of a watch, but in the opposite direction;
and suppose that in this way it has passed suc-
cessively from the position OA to the positions
occupied by OB and oc. Such a line must have
undergone more turning in passing from OA to
OC, than in passing from OA to OB ; and consequently the angle
AOC is said to be greater than the angle AOB.]
Angles which lie on either side of a common arm are called adjacent angles.
For example, when one straight line OC is drawn from a point in another straight line AB, the angles COA, COB are adjacent.
When two straight lines, such as AB, CD, cross one another at E, the two angles CEA, BED are said to be vertically opposite. The two angles CEB, AED are also vertically opposite to one another.
10. When a straight line standing on another straight line makes the adjacent angles equal to one another, each of the angles is called a right angle; and the straight line which stands on the other is called a perpendicular to it.
11. An obtuse angle is an angle which is greater than a right angle.
12. An acute angle is an angle which is less than a right angle.
(In the adjoining figure the straight line OB may be supposed to have arrived at its present position, from the position occupied by OA, by revolution about the point O in either of the two directions indicated by the arrows: thus two straight lines drawn from a point may be considered as forming two angles (marked (i) and (ii) in the figure), of which the greater (ii) is said to be reflex.
If the arms OA, OB are in the same straight line, the angle formed by them
B on either side is called a straight angle.]
13. A term or boundary is the extremity of anything.
14. Any portion of a plane surface bounded by one or more lines is called a plane figure.
The sum of the bounding lines is called the perimeter of the figure.
Two figures are said to be equal in area when they enclose equal 3. portions of a plane surface. .
15. A circle is a plane figure contained by one line, which is called the circumference, and is such that all straight lines drawn from a certain point within the figure to the circumference are equal to one another; this point is called the centre of the circle.
16. A radius of a circle is a straight line drawn from the centre to the circumference.
A diameter of a circle is a straight line drawn through the centre, and terminated both ways by the circumference.
18. A semicircle is the figure bounded by a diameter of a circle and the part of the circumference cut off by the diameter.
19. A segment of a circle is the figure bounded by a straight line and the part of the circumference which it cuts off.
20. Rectilineal figures are those which are bounded by straight lines.
21. A triangle is a plane figure bounded by three straight lines.
Any one of the angular points of a triangle may be regarded as its vertex; and the opposite side is then called the base.


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text:
Q: Call to a member function setCookie() on null - Laravel 5.8 I have no idea why I keep getting this lately by just simply navigate between pages.

Call to a member function setCookie() on null

This is what I have in my AdminMiddleware
<?php

namespace App\Http\Middleware;

use App\Article;
use Closure, View, Auth ;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Guard;

class AdminMiddleware
{
    /**
     * The Guard implementation.
     *
     * @var Guard
     */
    protected $auth;

    /**
     * Create a new filter instance.
     *
     * @param  Guard  $auth
     * @return void
     */
    public function __construct(Guard $auth)
    {
        $this->auth = $auth;
    }

    /**
     * Handle an incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Closure  $next
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        if ( Auth::user()->type !== "Admin") {
            return View::make('layouts.share.errors.404');
        }

        return $next($request);
    }
}

I'm on Laravel 5.8.

A: The error occurs when you are logged in as a non Admin because you are returning a View in your AdminMiddleware instead of a Response.
Replace:
if ( Auth::user()->type !== "Admin") {
    return View::make('layouts.share.errors.404');
}

With:
if ( Auth::user()->type !== "Admin") {
    return response()->view('layouts.share.errors.404', [], 404);
}

A: To expand on @Chin Leung's answer and to properly return a 404 not found status code
if ( Auth::user()->type !== "Admin") {
    return response()->view('layouts.share.errors.404', [], 404);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The College is exceptionally proud of our students sporting achievements both in and out of the College. The College would love students, parents and families to make us aware of student sporting achievements so that we can acknowledge them at the College. Please include any information and photos you feel are relevant.
Please ensure you upload a photo if you would like this achievement shared on the College Facebook page.
List any links to relevant website with further information about the student's sporting achievement(s).
If you have photos from the sporting event, upload them here. Please ensure you upload a photo if you would like this achievement shared on the College Facebook page.


text:
Candidate for Recorder's office wants a return to five-day work week
A candidate for Cache County Recorder says, if elected, he will be more up front and center when people come in and create a friendly environment as well as a user-friendly records system. Stanley R. Palmer is challenging incumbent Michael Gleed and the two Republicans will face off at the county convention on Friday, April 30. On KVNU's Crosstalk show, Palmer, who has started two title companies since 1976, says he fees the Recorder's office should be open on Fridays. He says the four-day work week especially hurts those in real estate. "Utah's what they call a 'race-to-record' state," Palmer says. "So the first in time is the first one who has priority. So it's always and issue to get them recorded timely and as soon as possible. "If we have to wait over the weekend it can involve people getting higher interest rates, not being able to move in over the weekend, losing their loan locks. So it creates a lot of problems." Although the Recorder's office is open four hours now on Fridays for recordings only, Palmer says the building is locked and you have to knock on the window to get in.