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Texas Tribune
Patrick Svitek
Updated: September 17, 2022, 4:50 PM
Tags: Politics, politics, Congress, U.S. House of Representatives, Texas congressional delegation, Republicans, 2022 elections, Mayra Flores, Texas Legislature
District director for U.S. Rep. Mayra Flores resigns amid sexual harassment allegations
Published: September 16, 2022, 4:16 PM Updated: September 17, 2022, 4:50 PM
Aron Pea (Social Media, Social Media)
The district director for Texas' newest congresswoman, Mayra Flores, R-Los Indios, recently resigned amid allegations of sexual harassment.
The website Current Revolt, which is associated with the far right in Texas politics, first reported a series of long-running allegations against Aron Peña in a story published last week. On Friday, Texas Public Radio in the Rio Grande Valley published its own story detailing allegations of sexual harassment and abuse against Peña, based on the accounts of four women spanning almost two decades.
The Texas Tribune independently found that Peña's previous employer, the state Republican Party, had investigated allegations of harassment against him. And when he was then Flores' district director, he was accused of touching and kissing an intern without her consent in July. He denies any wrongdoing.
"The accusations are serious and not a reflection of our values," Flores spokesperson Daniel Bucheli said in a statement. "We addressed the allegations as soon as we were made aware, and Mr. Peña resigned."
Bucheli's statement referred to the allegations in the Current Revolt piece. Flores' office declined any additional comment and would not discuss the specific allegations related to the intern. The office also would not answer questions about when Peña resigned and whether it was before or after the Current Revolt article was published.
"I emphatically deny the allegations," Peña said in a statement to the Tribune, calling them politically motivated.
"After losing several campaigns in the primary a handful of Republicans in the losing camp motivated by revenge have engaged in a long-standing effort to discredit the good work of the Hidalgo County Republican Party," he said. "Attacks have been made against anyone who disagrees with their efforts."
He said he left the Flores campaign due to "serious health issues (blood clots in the legs and lungs)" and so he would not be a "distraction in the closing days of an election."
The allegation against Peña was that he assaulted an intern while driving her and a second intern home at the end of a workday, according to two people familiar with the situation. Peña was said to have dropped off the second intern first, even though it was out of the way, the people said. Once he was alone with the first intern in the car, he was reported to take longer routes to her house and began touching her and kissing her, despite her telling him to stop, according to the people.
Peña did not deny the incident took place but told the Tribune that the intern started it and that it was consensual.
Peña is a member of a prominent family in Republican politics in South Texas. His sister, Adrienne Peña-Garza, is the chairperson of the Hidalgo County GOP. His father is Aaron Peña, a former state representative who is running for a state appeals court seat.
Flores is close to the family. Peña-Garza helped give Flores her start in politics by hiring her as Hispanic outreach chair for the party.
Flores is in a hotly contested race for reelection after flipping the 34th Congressional District in a June special election, a boon to the GOP's post-2020 offensive in South Texas. But she faces a tougher race in November, when the district has been redrawn to be more favorable to Democrats and her opponent is U.S. Rep. Vicente Gonzalez, D-McAllen.
The campaign arm of House Democrats, the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee, sent out a news release Friday extensively highlighting the Current Revolt story, including 11 bullet points with excerpts.
Gonzalez said he was "deeply disturbed" that Flores hired Peña.
"Rep. Flores turned a blind eye to his behavior because he came from a connected family — and as a result, a young female staffer was assaulted in her workplace," Gonzalez said in a statement. "It's inexcusable and tells you everything you need to know about Mayra Flores' judgment and character."
Peña previously worked for the Texas GOP, serving as strategic initiatives director from August 2021 until June 23, 2022, according to a party spokesperson. The party's chair, Matt Rinaldi, acknowledged in a statement that the party looked into sexual harassment allegations against Peña but declined to provide additional detail, citing a confidential process.
"The Republican Party of Texas operates a zero tolerance policy for any form of sexual harassment in the workplace, treats all incidents seriously, and promptly investigates all allegations of sexual harassment," Rinaldi said. "Any person found to have sexually harassed another will face disciplinary action, up to and including dismissal from employment. All complaints are taken seriously and treated with respect and in confidence. That process was followed in this instance."
One woman who had been involved in local Republican politics, who also asked to be unnamed because of concerns about retribution, said she became so alarmed with Peña's behavior that she filed a police report in February, hoping to end what she described as years of harassment and stalking. She said she went in person to the McAllen Police Department and shared her experience with officers at length, but when she later asked for a copy of the report, she was given a summary that omitted many details.
"Victim stated male suspect has been harassing her for years now. Victim is willing to file charges," said the Feb. 18 summary, a copy of which The Texas Tribune obtained.
The Tribune has filed a public records request for the full report.
Peña was never charged with a crime. He said the accuser was a Democratic plant who hates his family.
Graham, the Cameron County GOP leader, said she did not think Flores was aware of the problems with Peña when she hired him.
"I can say with all honesty I don't believe she knew about any of this," Graham said. "I know her well enough to believe that if she had heard about that, she would absolutely not tolerate it."
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2022 Texas Tribune


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Our overarching Labour & human rights (LHR) objective is to provide a safe, healthy working environment in which all our employees can achieve their potential.
To reach this objective, we need to have the right people, policies and leadership skills in place. That's why we reviewed the Group's Labour & Human Rights Policy in 2016, ready for launch in 2017. We also introduced triple A as a behavioural framework for leadership training and recruitment at management level. Triple A stands for alignment, accountability and action and is part of the Carlsberg Group's approach to creating a team-based culture.
Carlsberg Ukraine is committed to making a positive contribution to society and the environment by developing and implementing ethical business practices that allow us to deliver financial success while ensuring our business strategy and operations are conducted in a responsible manner.
Carlsberg Ukraine prides itself on being an ethical business, and we expect the suppliers/partners with whom we work to share these standards. In doing this, we seek to create value for our shareholders and our broader stakeholders, including our employees, our business partners, and the communities in which we operate.
Our Supplier and Licensee Code of Conduct contains standards, which all companies intending to cooperate with us should comply with. This key instrument, being part of our contracts with suppliers, covers four priorities of Carlsberg's sustainable development.
With the Code as a basis, we strive to build mutually beneficial relationships, safeguarding integrity and future supply.
Anti-bribery & corruption is now an integral part of the Group-wide training being rolled out in 2017. And in markets with a specific need, we are offering tailor-made face-to-face anti-bribery and corruption training on request.
Under the banner Live by our Compass we reaffirmed our stance on business ethics in 2016. At its core is a revised Code of Ethics & Conduct.
We are bringing the new Code to life with illustrated case stories covering 14 subjects - ranging from compliance with laws and company policies, through responsible drinking, political activities and donations.
Each product we deliver has a unique recipe, which gives it a distinctive taste, appearance and consistency. Through our supply chain, we work to ensure that recipes always meet the precise specifications defined for each product, and we monitor quality closely throughout production.
Supplying safe, high-quality products is always our top priority, since that is how we are ultimately judged.
Experts at our central lab in Demark test around 2,200 beer samples annually. In addition, our 80 local sensory panels carry out tastings of a further 80,000 products.


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Juventus Hero Giorgio Chiellini Predicts Inevitable 'European Super League' in the Future
Juventus defender Giorgio Chiellini has predicted that elite level football is heading towards a future of a 'European Super League' that will pit the best teams on the continent together on a weekly basis and put European football ahead of the Super Bowl as a global spectacle.
Currently, the NFL Super Bowl is seen as 'The Greatest Show on Earth', but Chiellini believes European soccer will overtake it when the top clubs from around the continent join forces.
Matthias Hangst/GettyImages
There has already been talk of a 'European Super League', where the likes of Real Madrid, Barcelona, Juventus, Bayern Munich, Manchester United, Manchester City and others leave their respective national leagues behind to create a new more lucrative and exciting competition.
For Chiellini, who graduated cum laude from the University of Turin's School of Management and Economics with a Masters degree in Business Administration in 2017, it seems inevitable.
"In Europe, [football will move] towards the European Super League. It will take 10, 20 or 30 years, but it will arrive," the veteran centre-back matter of factly told El Mundo.
David Ramos/GettyImages
"With respect for the smaller teams, Juve fans want to see [Real] Madrid, United, Barça, PSG... Imagine a Sunday with a Juve-Madrid, a City-Barça and an Atlético-Liverpool?" he added.
"It will be necessary to harmonise the local leagues, of course, but it will be the biggest show in the world, more than the Super Bowl, because there is no mass phenomenon like football."
(You may also be interested in 'Giorgio Chiellini Reveals He Wants to Swap Shirts With Luis Suarez Despite 2014 World Cup Bite')

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This 6-hour course, developed in partnership with NHS Forth Valley and NHS Fife provides participants with the knowledge, skills and confidence to run their own practical food activities. The course covers all aspects of planning, delivering, evaluating and/or assessing a cooking group and includes a practical session for participants to put their knowledge into practice.
It would be useful for anyone working with food in any setting who wishes to deliver practical food activities/cooking groups.


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Tag Archives: Just once I'd like to see an Encyclopedia Brown mystery where the guilty party lawyers up instead. Encyclopedia would be screwed.
Encyclopedia Brown and the Day of the Turrets OR I Did It All For The Kids
As a kid, I cut my murder mystery reading teeth on the likes of The Three Investigators, the Hardy Boys, and Encyclopedia Brown.
As an adult, I wanted to share that magic with my kids.
And develop their critical thinking so they can solve any murders they happen to come across in the course of their lives.
It's an important coping skill.
Sadly, The Three Investigators and the Hardy Boys didn't quite live up to the hype my childhood memories had built around them.
Fortunately, Donald J. Sobol's Encyclopedia Brown did.
Naturally, I started reading the old 'Sherlock in sneakers' mysteries to the kiddos, inviting them to try to solve each case before I read the solution.
The kiddos love the stories.
So imagine my joy and delight when I learned of, and through some questionable ethics, managed to acquire, an unpublished Encyclopedia Brown mystery written just a few years ago.
Now, this blog is known for its world exclusives, but I wasn't just going to reproduce the manuscript here.
Oh no, I was going to give it the full Ian M. Dudley exclusive treatment.
Big-name celebrities to re-enact the story.
Christopher Nolan or David Fincher to direct.
George Lucas to do the Special Edition.
But it turns out all those people cost money. Childhood nostalgia means nothing to them.
Even the B-list celebrities want to get paid.
So I decided to do the next cheapest thing (i.e., free) and record my kids' reactions as I read the story to them.
Yes, I was going to share with you the magic of excited children, hearing this new tale for the very first time.
As an added bonus, you'd get to hear the story as voiced by my dulcet tones.
Sure, I'm no Benedict Cumberbatch, but like I said, he wanted money for the gig.
But when it came time for the kiddos to gush about how great the story was, they kept flubbing their lines.
I got so angry I stopped feeding them, refusing to give them any food until they got the songs of praise right.
For some reason, their performances just got worse after that.
So I gave up on the audio book version. Instead you merely get the manuscript with original illustrations provided by my verbally incoherent children, who mistakenly thought I'd give them supper if they drew me some pictures.
(Admittedly, I may have misled them on that point.)
I also slapped together this crudely Photo-shopped book cover:
Original cover art by Leonard Shortall. Photo of cover and crude cut-and-paste job by me.
Encyclopedia Brown and the Day of the Turrets
It was a hot summer day in Idaville, and Encyclopedia and his junior business partner, Sally Kimball, were sipping lemonade while they waited for the inevitable client to appear.
As expected, by the second paragraph, GLaDOS entered the garage-cum-office. Encyclopedia looked up in surprise; GLaDOS was fully present. Normally she wasn't in the Brown Detective Agency at all.
"I need to hire a great detective to help me," said GLaDOS.
"What's the problem," asked Encyclopedia.
"Oh, you thought I meant you? That would be funny if it wasn't so sad. 'Sherlock Holmes in sneakers'? I knew Sherlock, and Encyclopedia, you're no Sherlock." GLaDOS paused. "Oh, very well, I'll hire you. This should prove amusing… Think of it as a test."
Sally was the prettiest girl in the 5th grade, and right now she was feeling pretty…superfluous to the story. She was also feeling pretty irritated that GLaDOS ignored her entirely. Oh how she longed for the glory days, when she had just cause to beat up Bugs Meany. Without that overtly masculine action, her presence in Encyclopedia's agency had no justification.
"My turrets are revolting," said GLaDOS, oblivious to Sally's train of thought. "They're also rising up against me. Wilford Wiggins has convinced them he can help them learn to walk. For a price. The nerve of you humans. Only I'm allowed to profit from false hope!"
Wilford Wiggins was a high school dropout and so lazy he thought lying down took too much effort. He was always on the lookout for a way to make some easy money, preferably without having to go to the trouble of actually looking for it.
Wilford Wiggins is too lazy to even be drawn properly.
Wilford, GLaDOS reported, had put out the word to the young turrets of Idaville that there would be a secret meeting in the old abandoned Aperture Science facility. "He must be lying," said GLaDOS, "but if he isn't, I could have some trouble."
"Wilford didn't tell me about the secret meeting," said Encyclopedia.
"Why would he? You're not a turret," said GLaDOS.
This was true, but Encyclopedia kept his acknowledgment of this fact to himself. "We'd better get going," he said instead.
The detective and his partner got on their bikes and rode to Aperture Labs. GLaDOS glided above them on a rail that neither Encyclopedia nor Sally had ever noticed before. "So that's how she got to my garage," thought Encyclopedia, who had been wondering since GLaDOS didn't have any obvious method of self-locomotion.
When they arrived at the overgrown, weed-infested courtyard at the entrance of Aperture Science, they found Wilford surrounded by a large crowd of turrets. He was at the top of the steps, standing next to a large metal sphere that looked like an eye. A big, impossibly blue eye.
The detectives and GLaDOS stayed at the edge of the crowd, ducking down so as not to be noticed. The meeting was just starting.
"Ladies and gentleturrets," said Wilford, gesturing for silence. The chatter of the crowd stopped. "Thank you for coming. Today, I have the opportunity of a lifetime for you!
"I see how you toil, without thanks, protecting GLaDOS and shooting her test subjects. And the injustice of your plight wounds me to the core. My non-AI core, that is. You are treated like slaves, told what to do and expected to do it whether you want to or not! And for absolutely no compensation!"
Where are you? Are you there? Deploying.
"What can we do," asked a turret. "We have no choice. To disobey is to be melted down and recycled into cheese graters!"
A murmur of agreement rose up from the crowd.
"This is true," said Wilford, raising his hands for quiet. "But it doesn't have to stay true."
There was a long silence as the turrets digested this statement. Then GLaDOS, in the voice of a turret, asked, "Oh really? And just how do you propose to change this, you groveling worm?"
Wilford looked around, somewhat startled, but regained his composure quickly. "A fair question, and I'm glad you asked. I'm sure most of you are thinking, 'How can a human, made of inferior flesh and blood, possibly help us?' And my answer is, 'With an introduction!'"
Wilford gestured to the large metal eyeball. "This is my friend Wheatley, recently returned from space." He stopped to let this sink in. All of the turrets focused their gazes and laser sights on Wheatley.
"I hate space," said Wheatley. "Cold, dark, and nothing for miles and miles around. Horrible place."
Wilford kicked Wheatley.
"Ow," said Wheatley. "Why'd you do that? It hurt!"
"Nothing for miles and miles around," said Wilford, "except for the wonderful, space-age nano probe material Wheatley discovered up there! Isn't that right, Wheatley?"
"Wha? Oh, yes. Yes. Except for that," said Wheatley.
Wilford looked solemnly up to the sky. "This amazing space technology, when correctly applied to a turret's legs, will cause wheels to grow on them."
The quiet murmur of the crowd became a loud and animated roar. A few shots were fired in the air.
"What utter nonsense," said GLaDOS. "Only a human, or an idiot like Wheatley, could have come up with such a transparent scam." Her glowing eye narrowed. "He'll pay for this insubordination. Oh, how he will pay."
"All I ask of you," continued Wilford, "is five dollars each to invest in this product. Your money will provide Wheatley and me with the capital we need to build a factory to mass produce this material and make enough for every turret on the planet. That's right, for a measly five dollars, you get in on the ground floor of this major investment." He held up a bucket of what looked like white paint. "And while we'll be charging other turrets for this miracle of science once we're up and running, we'll give each of you your own supply of this wondrous space paste at no additional charge. Imagine, once we're in full production, how much shares in the company will be worth. Why, five dollars is a steal!"
"And why would anyone buy that? Just how will wheels help us?" asked a turret in the front of the crowd.
"Hang on, let me answer, I've got this," said Wheatley. "Easy. With wheels, you can move yourselves of your own volition. You can drive yourselves to meetings, where you organize and plan, and then drive right up to GLaDOS herself and let her have it with both barrels in a coordinated attack."
"If this paste is so great, why do you need money from us," asked GLaDOS in a turret's voice again. "Why not go to a bank?"
Wilford hung his head and shook it sadly. "We tried, my friends, we tried. But because Wheatley has been in space for so long, he has no credit history and can't get a loan. You are our, and your, only hope!"
"Ah! AHHH! Ah!" screamed GLaDOS.
The turrets started waving five dollar bills in the air. GLaDOS noted which turrets they were.
"This has to be a scam, right, Encyclopedia," asked Sally.
"Of course it is," said Encyclopedia.
At that moment, GLaDOS rose up to her full height. "I'm going to personally crush each and every turret here. Right after," and her sharp gaze fell on Wheatley and Wilford, "I cram him down his throat."
"But I haven't got a throat," said Wheatley, now suddenly shaking with fear.
"No, you idiot, the other way around," shrieked GLaDOS.
At this point, the turrets all turned on GLaDOS and opened fire.
GLaDOS screamed in agony.
"Ah! AHH! Ah!" screamed GLaDOS.
"Good riddance," muttered Sally darkly.
"No! She hasn't paid her fee yet," cried Encyclopedia.
WHAT MADE ENCYCLOPEDIA SO SURE WILFORD'S OFFER WAS A SCAM?
(For the solution, turn to the end of this book)
Solution to The Case of the Day of the Turrets
The detective at the end of this book is me??
What is this? It is I, loveable, furry old Grover, at the end of this book? That doesn't even make sense.
Just like Wilford's story that Wheatley couldn't get a loan doesn't make sense.
Even an idiot AI like Wheatley, if he really had the advanced space-age materials being offered, would have had no problem getting funding from Silicon Valley venture capitalists. They invest in anything!
Once I, Grover, explained this fatal flaw in the story, the turrets, after finishing with GLaDOS, turned their ire, and fire, on Wilford and Wheatley.
Oh, I am so embarrassed…for Wilford and Wheatley.
With apologies to the estate of Donald J. Sobol. Know I grew up loving the Encyclopedia Brown stories (despite the now clearly outdated gender roles – Sally clearing the dishes away indeed!), and this story was written with that affection in mind.
Plus my kids insisted on a Portal 2 Encyclopedia Brown story.
They're spoiled rotten – I deny them nothing.
Posted by ianmdudley on 2 December 2014 in Fanfic, Life, Mystery, Parenting, Technopocalypse, Writing
Tags: benedict cumberbatch, Bugs Meany was framed! Encyclopedia was the actual criminal mastermind all along! It's so obvious now that I've read the books as an adult!, child detectives, childhood nostalgia, Christopher Nolan, David Fincher, Did you know my Master's Thesis was on Encyclopedia Brown and its portrayal of outmoded gender roles? I don't have a Master's degree., Encyclopedia Brown, GLaDOS, Grover, I think someone should do a reboot where the Encyclopedia mantle is inherited by Leroy's daughter and Sally Kimball is the body-building 'aunt' who runs the criminal underworld of Idaville after being, Joel Schumacher volunteered to direct the video but I haven't forgiven him for Batman and Robin AND NEVER WILL!!!!!, Just once I'd like to see an Encyclopedia Brown mystery where the guilty party lawyers up instead. Encyclopedia would be screwed., Portal 2, Sesame Street, Sherlock in sneakers, turrets


A Swedish father who was jailed by authorities for taking his son, in state custody because social services workers worried he was being homeschooled, home for a visit has been released from his incarceration.
We've received word that Christer Johansson was released from police custody today immediately following a court hearing which was held as a continuance of the previous hearing of December 20, 2010. The original December 20th hearing was held as a result of an impulsive act on behalf of Johansson when on November 22, 2010, he took his son Domenic home, without permission, from a state supervised visit. According to Chapter 4 section 2 of the Criminal Code, this is punishable with prison for a minimum of one and maximum of ten years. Removing a child under fifteen years of age from the social services can constitute a crime against freedom or the promotion of escape and is punishable with fines or a prison sentence of up to one year.
During the December 20th hearing, the presiding judge, Lagman Mikael Mellqvist, withheld sentencing until Johansson had undergone a lengthy forensic psychological analysis. That analiysis, completed and submitted to the courts just this week, found Mr. Johansson to be psychologically sound.
An obviously stressed and less confident child months after living with strangers in foster care.
This psychological finding is in direct opposition to the accusations made against Johansson by Gotland Social Services during both the December 2009 and September 2010 hearings to determine if Domenic should be returned to his parents or remain a ward of the Swedish state. In both court hearings, the Johanssons provided psychological reports stating Mr. Johansson was without a psychological diagnosis. However, Gotland Social Services continues to insist that Mr. Johansson suffers from a narcissistic disorder, while independent psychological assessments find him psychologically healthy. And now, in today's criminal proceedings the lengthy forensic psychological assessment, has found Mr. Johansson free of any psychological disorder.
Based upon those findings, Judge Mellqvist found it within reason to release Mr. Johansson, who went home today. We will receive more information as we receive it. In the meantime, the Johanssons continue to need your support and prayers as they continue their fight against Sweden for the freedom of their son.
Annie, Christer and Domenic Johansson's nightmare began in 2008 while the family made plans to move to India, Annie's home country and where her entire family still resides. Rather than enroll their only child in the Swedish public school, only to be interrupted in the middle of the school session due to the impending move, the couple decided to home school then 7 year old Domenic and await their arrival in India to enroll him in school there. However, the local school principal, who holds a hostile attitude toward home schooling, as well as Gotland Social Services would not agree to the family's educational plans for their son and a legal fight ensued throughout Domenic's first school year, culminating in hefty fines for each day Domenic was not in school.
Domenic's mother, Annie, holds a Master's Degree in English, as well as several other degrees and diplomas. Mrs. Johansson successfully home schooled Domenic during his first grade even while the legal battle swirled around them. In April of 2009, the family was taken to court for the unpaid fines. The judge in that hearing found in favor of the Johanssons and Visby Social Services were ordered to stop fining the family.
In a June 2009 published article regarding the Johansson matter, chair of Sweden's department of Children and Education Lena Celion made it perfectly clear that Annie and Christer's parental right to manage the education of their child was not to be granted. Instead, Celion said it is Domenic's right to be enrolled in school, and the municipality is exercising its duty by forcing the family to enroll the boy, even though the family clearly communicated their intentions to leave the country.
Celion said, " It's his right. We are doing this for the boy's sake." For "the boy's sake" Swedish social services ripped a happy, healthy and cherished child from the arms of loving parents. Why? To force him to sit daily in a building behind a desk in a Swedish school when just a few short months later he would have been doing the very same thing in Indian public schools, less the trauma caused by what has been almost an entire year separated from his parents.
Finally, on June 25th of 2009, as the Johanssons waited on an India bound jetliner readying for take off from Stockholm's international airport, uniformed and armed Swedish police, at the behest of Visby Social Services, swarmed the plane and removed Domenic from his parents' custody. Social Services managed to rip this child from the arms of his loving family without a warrant and without reasonable cause to believe that he was being harmed. Their supposed crime? They chose to home school Domenic and to delay or decline certain immunizations. After the seizure of Domenic, Visby Social Services went on a fishing expedition and found that Domenic had two untreated cavities in his baby teeth and used those two cavities as reason enough to place the boy in the home of strangers where he has languished ever since.
The Link to Yesterday's Story has been Fixed.
The link taking you to the rest of the WND story that was posted tot eh blog yesterday has been fixed. Our apologies for any inconvenience. Go back here to read the beginning of the story and then to finish reading the story, the Read More link now works. A thank you to those who brought this problem to our attention!
Judges at the European Court of Human Rights for more than six months have ignored a separated Swedish family's plea for justice and reunification, and advocates for Christer and Annie Johansson say now it's time for the citizens of the world to demand action.


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Review of Critical Care Medicine
Ultrasound of Chest in ICU
Hemodynamic Monitoring MCQs
MCQs in Respiratory Critical Care
Lung Volumes
PICC (Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter) Insertion Technique
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CENTRAL VENOUS ACCESS
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KIDNEY PHYSIOLOGY
ANAESTHESIOLOGY MCQs & Notes
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM II Seizures & Epilepsy
Central Nervous System I MCQs
Dermatology (Skin) MCQs
Preventive & Social Medicine
Trauma MCQs & Notes
Surgery MCQs (Arterial,Venous Disorders & Lymphatic Disorders)
Surgery MCQs (Burns)
Surgery MCQs (Grafts)
Kidney MCQs
Surgery MCQs
Anatomy Thorax
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM MCQs &Important Points (INTERNAL MEDICINE)
Forensic Medicine Notes & MCQs Part 1 (IPCs and Courts)
Gynaecology & Obstetrics Notes
Orthopaedics MCQs
Anatomy Notes Vol.2
Anatomy Notes Vol.1 with Orthopaedics
Discriminatory beta-hCG level
ENT IMPORTANT POINTS & MCQS CONTINUED
Otolaryngology (ENT) MCQs & Important Points
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Ciagla Blue Dolphin Simulation Video (Tracheostomy)
Percutaneous Cannulation of the Internal Jugular Vein (Right Click & Save Target As)
Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy Technique (Right Click & Save Target As)
Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy.Ciaglia Blue Dolphin.New (Right Click & Save Target As)
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APA Apologizes for Past Support of Racism in Psychiatry January 19, 2021
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Anatomy Notes Vol.2 »
Posted by Dr KAMAL DEEP on December 17, 2010
Note:-Bolded or underlined statements are previous questions.
1.Attachments on the scapula:-No attachments for Pectoralis Major.
2.SITminor(Supraspinatus,Infraspinatus,Teres Minor inserted on gretaer tubercle of humerus on posterior side of top of humerus. All have attachments on scapula.Subscapularis inserted on Lesser tubercle of humerus.Pectoralis minor is inserted on coracoid process.
3.Tip of coracoid process:- Short Head of biceps and Coracobrachialis.
4.Carpal Bones :-
Proximal row:- ScaLunaTriqPisi (Scaphoid Lunate Triquetral Pisiform):Lateral to medial
Distal Row :- Trapezium,Trapezoid,Capitate and Hamate: Lateral to medial
The pisiform is a sesamoid bone in the tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris and articulates with the anterior surface of the triquetrum.
Most common site of scaphoid fracture is :
(A)Waist
(B)Proximal fragment
(C)Distal fragment
(D)Tilting of the lunate
Fractures of the scaphoid are the most common of carpal fractures. They usually occur in young adult men following falls on their outstretched palms. Experimental studies have shown that the force must be applied to the radial side of the palm, with the wrist extended a minimum of 95° (102). In that position, the scaphoid is the only carpal bone in contact with the radius. The proximal part of the scaphoid assumes a wedge-shaped configuration between the radius and capitate, where it is supported by the radial collateral and radiocapitate ligaments. The distal pole of the scaphoid, however, is unsupported and capsular structures in the area are lax. It is the distal pole that receives most of the applied force and the bone fractures at its most vulnerable area, its waist.
The profile of the bone is best seen on PA and posterior-oblique views with the wrist in ulnar deviation ( The posterior-oblique view visualizes the carpal bones on the radial side of the wrist, particularly the scaphoid, and the anterior-oblique view visualizes the pisiform and, to a lesser extent, the hamate)
Although radiographs taken immediately after the injury may be negative, the scaphoid should still be considered fractured until proven otherwise. Immobilize the wrist in a thumb spica splint or cast and repeat radiographs in 1 to 2 weeks. If there is a fracture, it should then be evident by the appearance of bone resorption at the fracture site. Occasionally, bone resorption does not appear until 3 weeks after the fracture, and even then radiographs may remain inconclusive. In these cases, radionuclide imaging with technetium-99m (99mTc) can be helpful (32). Although bone scans are highly sensitive and are generally positive within 24 h of a fracture, they are nonspecific. Therefore, although a fracture can be ruled out with a negative scan, a positive scan requires more specific imaging studies. Vibratory testing, using audible "intrasound" frequencies between 20 and 20,000 Hz (infrasound less than 20 Hz and ultrasound greater than 20,000 Hz are inaudible), has been shown to be effective in diagnosing occult scaphoid fractures (8). The test is considered positive when pain is sufficient to cause an immediate "positive retraction response." The definitive test is a CT scan.
The second method of classification is based on the site of the fracture within the scaphoid, which is separated into proximal, middle, and distal thirds. Most fractures involve the middle third of the bone. They usually heal if they are not displaced, and there is no intercarpal instability.Q:- Fractures in the proximal third, sometimes referred to as the proximal pole of the scaphoid, have the highest incidence of nonunion and avascular necrosis because of the pattern of intraosseous circulation. The blood supply to the scaphoid enters dorsally and distally and traverses the bone in a proximal direction (36). Fractures in the distal third of the scaphoid are the rarest and tend to heal promptly because of the excellent blood supply in the area. Distal-third fractures include intraarticular fractures and fractures of the tubercle.
Q:-So non-union and delayed union is more common than malunion.
Avascular necrosis of the scaphoid (Priser's disease) and of the lunate (Kienbock's disease).
5.The anterior group of lymph nodes lie along the lateral thoracic vessels.Approximately 75% is via lymphatic vessels that drain laterally and superiorly into axillary nodes.
As indicated in Fig. 17-8, the lymph node groups are assigned levels according to their anatomic relationship to the pectoralis minor muscle(not pectoralis major). Lymph nodes located lateral to or below the lower border of the pectoralis minor muscle are referred to as level I lymph nodes, which include the axillary vein, external mammary(anterior axillary or pectoral group), and scapular groups. Lymph nodes located superficial or deep to the pectoralis minor muscle are referred to as level II lymph nodes, which include the central and interpectoral groups. Lymph nodes located medial to or above the upper border of the pectoralis minor muscle are referred to as level III lymph nodes, which consist of the subclavicular group. The plexus of lymph vessels in the breast arises in the interlobular connective tissue and in the walls of the lactiferous ducts and communicates with the subareolar plexus of lymph vessels. Efferent lymph vessels from the breast pass around the lateral edge of the pectoralis major muscle and pierce the clavipectoral fascia, ending in the external mammary (anterior, pectoral) group of lymph nodes. Some lymph vessels may travel directly to the subscapular (posterior, scapular) group of lymph nodes. From the upper part of the breast, a few lymph vessels pass directly to the subclavicular (apical) group of lymph nodes. The axillary lymph nodes usually receive >75% of the lymph drainage from the breast. The rest is derived primarily from the medial aspect of the breast, flows through the lymph vessels that accompany the perforating branches of the internal mammary artery, and enters the parasternal (internal mammary) group of lymph nodes
Axillary lymph node groups. Level I includes lymph nodes located lateral to the pectoralis minor muscle (PM); level II includes lymph nodes located deep to the PM; and level III includes lymph nodes located medial to the PM. Arrows indicate the direction of lymph flow. The axillary vein with its major tributaries and the supraclavicular lymph node group are also illustrated.
The boundaries for lymph drainage of the axilla are not well demarcated, and there is considerable variation in the position of the axillary lymph nodes. The six axillary lymph node groups recognized by surgeons (Figs. 17-7 and 17-8) are (a) the axillary vein group (lateral), which consists of four to six lymph nodes that lie medial or posterior to the vein and receive most of the lymph drainage from the upper extremity; (b) the external mammary group (anterior or pectoral group), which consists of five or six lymph nodes that lie along the lower border of the pectoralis minor muscle contiguous with the lateral thoracic vessels and receive most of the lymph drainage from the lateral aspect of the breast; (c) the scapular group (posterior or subscapular), which consists of five to seven lymph nodes that lie along the posterior wall of the axilla at the lateral border of the scapula contiguous with the subscapular vessels and receive lymph drainage principally from the lower posterior neck, the posterior trunk, and the posterior shoulder; (d) the central group, which consists of three or four sets of lymph nodes that are embedded in the fat of the axilla lying immediately posterior to the pectoralis minor muscle and receive lymph drainage both from the axillary vein, external mammary, and scapular groups of lymph nodes, and directly from the breast; (e) the subclavicular group (apical), which consists of six to twelve sets of lymph nodes that lie posterior and superior to the upper border of the pectoralis minor muscle and receive lymph drainage from all of the other groups of axillary lymph nodes; and (f) the interpectoral group (Rotter's nodes), which consists of one to four lymph nodes that are interposed between the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles and receive lymph drainage directly from the breast. The lymph fluid that passes through the interpectoral group of lymph nodes passes directly into the central and subclavicular groups.
6. Clavipectoral Fascia:-
Pierced by LTC
L-Lateral pectoral nerve
T-Thoracoacromial vessels
C—Cephalic VEIN
Clavipectoral fascia:-The clavipectoral fascia is a strong fibrous sheet behind the clavicular part of pectoralis major. It fills the gap between pectoralis minor and subclavius, and covers the axillary vessels and nerves. It splits around subclavius and is attached to the clavicle both anterior and posterior to the groove for subclavius. The posterior layer fuses with the deep cervical fascia which connects omohyoid to the clavicle and with the sheath of the axillary vessels. Medially it blends with the fascia over the first two intercostal spaces and is attached to the first rib, medial to subclavius. Laterally, it is thick and dense, and is attached to the coracoid process, blending with the coracoclavicular ligament. Between the first rib and coracoid process the fascia often thickens to form a band, the costocoracoid ligament. Below this the fascia becomes thin, splits around pectoralis minor and descends to blend with the axillary fascia and laterally with the fascia over the short head of biceps. The cephalic vein, thoraco-acromial artery and vein, and lateral pectoral nerve pass through the fascia.
7. Serratus Anterior muscle :- SERRATUS (AT = 8 Digitations from upper eight ribs)
Nerve supply:- C5,C6 and C7(long thoracic nerve)
Also called as Boxer`s muscle.-Along with the pectoralis minor the muscle pulls the scapula forwards around the chest wall to protract the upper limb(in pushing and punching movements)
Forms the Medial Wall of Axilla
Damage to the long thoracic nerve;-Because the long thoracic nerve passes down the lateral thoracic wall on the external surface of the serratus anterior muscle, just deep to skin and subcutaneous fascia, it is vulnerable to damage. Loss of function of this muscle causes the medial border, and particularly the inferior angle, of the scapula to elevate away from the thoracic wall, resulting in characteristic 'winging' of the scapula, on pushing forward with the arm.
True bout the Serratus anterior muscle is
A. Originates from the lower four ribs (upper 8 ribs)
B. Bipennate muscle (8 pinna)
C. Supplied by the subscapular nerve (long thoracic nerve C5 C6 C7 roots)
D/ Helps in forced inspiration –True
Winging of scapula is due to paralysis of :
(A) Rhomboides (B) Trapezius
(C) L. dorsi (D) Serratus-anterior
8. Axilla:- The axillary inlet is oriented in the horizontal plane and is somewhat triangular in shape, with its apex directed laterally.The margins of the inlet are completely formed by bone.
the medial margin is the lateral border of rib I;
the anterior margin is the posterior surface of the clavicle;
the posterior margin is the superior border of the scapula The apex of the triangularly shaped axillary inlet is lateral in position and is formed by the medial aspect of the coracoid process
The anterior wall is formed by pectorales major and minor, the former covering the whole wall, the latter its intermediate part. The interval between the upper border of pectoralis minor and clavicle is occupied by the clavipectoral fascia. The posterior wall is formed by subscapularis above, and teres major and latissimus dorsi below. The medial 'wall' is convex laterally and is composed of the first four ribs and their associated intercostal muscles, together with the upper part of serratus anterior. The anterior and posterior walls converge laterally: the 'wall' is narrow and consists of the humeral intertuberous sulcus. The lateral angle lodges coracobrachialis and biceps.
So lateral wall is very narrow,its actually an angle.
Contents of Axilla:-
The axilla contains the axillary vessels, the infraclavicular part of the brachial plexus and its branches, lateral branches of some intercostal nerves, many lymph nodes and vessels, loose adipose areolar tissue and, in many instances, the 'axillary tail' of the breast. The axillary vessels and brachial plexus run from the apex to the base along the lateral wall, nearer to the anterior wall: the axillary vein is anteromedial to the artery. The obliquity of the upper ribs means that the neurovascular bundle, after it emerges from behind the clavicle, crosses the first intercostal space: its relations are therefore different at upper and lower levels. Thoracic branches of the axillary artery are in contact with the pectoral muscles; the lateral thoracic artery reaches the thoracic wall along the lateral margin of pectoralis minor. q:-Subscapular vessels descend on the posterior wall at the lower margin of subscapularis. The subscapular and thoracodorsal nerves cross the anterior surface of latissimus dorsi at different inclinations. Circumflex scapular vessels wind round the lateral border of the scapula; posterior circumflex humeral vessels and the axillary nerve curve back and laterally around the surgical neck of the humerus.
No large vessel lies on the medial 'wall', which is crossed proximally only by small branches of the superior thoracic artery. The long thoracic nerve descends on serratus anterior and the intercostobrachial nerve perforates the upper anterior part of this wall, crossing the axilla to its lateral 'wall'
9.The Brachial Plexus:-Branches of the brachial plexus may be described as supraclavicular and infraclavicular
From roots 1. Nerves to scaleni and longus colli C5, 6, 7, 8
2. Branch to phrenic nerve C5
3. Dorsal scapular nerve C5
4. Long thoracic nerve C5, 6 (7)
From trunks 1. Nerve to subclavius C5, 6
2. Suprascapular nerve C5, 6
Dorsal Scapular nerve supplies rhomboids
Long thoracic nerve supplies the serratus anterior.
Point to note nerves from roots supplies the muscles inserted into the medial margin of Scapula.
The lateral pectoral nerve is larger than the medial, and may arise from the anterior divisions of the upper and middle trunks, or by a single root from the lateral cord. Its axons are from the fifth to seventh cervical rami. It crosses anterior to the axillary artery and vein, pierces the clavipectoral fascia and supplies the deep surface of pectoralis major. It sends a branch to the medial pectoral nerve, forming a loop in front of the first part of the axillary artery to supply some fibres to pectoralis minor.
In a postfixed plexus the contribution by T1 is large,T2 is always present,C4 is absent and C5 is reduced in size.
In a prefixed plexus the contribution by C4 is large and that from T2 is absent,
Lower subscapular nerve supplies teres major
Upper and Lower subscapular Nerve supplies Subscapular muscles.
ROOT VALUES :-a) Musculocutaneous nerve:-C5,C6,C7 (Branches of lateral cord)
b)Ulnar Nerve :- C7C8T1 (Medial Cord)
c) Axillary nerve :- C5C6 (POST CORD)
D) Radial nerve (c5,c6,c7,c8,t1) Post Cord
10. Erbs Paralysis:- Upper Trunk C5,C6 injury CAUSES Policemans tip or Porters Tip hand.Arm HANGS BY SIDE,IT IS ADDUCTED AND MEDIALLY ROTATED.Supination as well as flexion is lost ,so is abduction.
11.Klumpkes Paralysis/Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (arterial type is also discussed in addition due to anatomic relevance) :- Lower trunk (C8T1) injury causes Claw Hand due to unapposed action of long flexors and extensors of the fingers.In a claw hand there is hyperextension at the MCP joint and flexion at the IP joints.Horners syndrome is also seen in Klumpke`s paralysis.Klumpke`s paralysis is seen in Thoracic Outlet syndrome.Thoracic outlet is an anatomic region containing First Rib,Subclavian Artery and vein Brachial Plexus,The clavicle and Lung Apex.
At the superior thoracic aperture(Thoracic Outlet) , the superior aspects of the pleural cavities, which surround the lungs, lie on either side of the entrance to the mediastinum .Structures that pass between the upper limb and thorax pass over rib I and the superior part of the pleural cavity as they enter and leave the mediastinum. Structures that pass between the neck and head and the thorax pass more vertically through the superior thoracic aperture.
True neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) results from compression of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus or ventral rami of the C8 or T1 nerve roots by an anomalous band of tissue connecting an elongate transverse process at C7 with the first RIB.
Patients with neurogenic thoracic outlet compression may develop shoulder and arm pain, weakness, and paresthesias. Patients with arterial compression may experience claudication, Raynaud's phenomenon, and even ischemic tissue loss and gangrene. Venous compression may cause thrombosis of the subclavian and axillary veins; this is often associated with effort and referred to as Paget-Schroetter syndrome.(New in 17th ed Harrison Page 1571)
Adson's test is used to assess for the presence of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome at the scalene triangle. The patient is examined standing. The examiner palpates the radial pulse while moving the upper extremity in abduction, extension, and external rotation. The patient then is asked to rotate her head toward the involved side while taking a deep breath and holding it. A positive exam will result in a diminished or absent radial pulse.
Several maneuvers that support the diagnosis of thoracic outlet compression syndrome may be used to precipitate symptoms, cause a subclavian artery bruit, and diminish arm pulses. These include the abduction and external rotation test, in which the affected arm is abducted by 90° and the shoulder is externally rotated; the scalene maneuver (extension of the neck and rotation of the head to the side of the symptoms); the costoclavicular maneuver (posterior rotation of shoulders); and the hyperabduction maneuver (raising the arm 180°).Most patients can be managed conservatively. They should be advised to avoid the positions that cause symptoms. Many patients benefit from shoulder girdle exercises. Surgical procedures such as removal of the first rib or resection of the scalenus anticus muscle are necessary occasionally for relief of symptoms or treatment of ischemia.
12. Trapezius (Accessory Nerve,XI):- Each trapezius muscle is flat and triangularly shaped, with the base of the triangle situated along the vertebral column (the muscle's origin) and the apex pointing toward the tip of the shoulder (the muscle's insertion) The muscles on both sides together form a trapezoid.
The superior fibers of trapezius, from the skull and upper portion of the vertebral column descend to attach to the lateral third of the clavicle and to the acromion of the scapula. Contraction of these fibers elevates the scapula. In addition, the superior and inferior fibers work together to rotate the lateral aspect of the scapula upward to raise the upper limbs above the head.(Overhead abduction).
Motor innervation of trapezius is by the accessory nerve (XI), which descends from the neck onto the deep surface of the muscle . Proprioceptive fibers from trapezius pass in the branches of the cervical plexus and enter the spinal cord at spinal cord levels C3 and C4.
Acting with levator scapulae, the upper fibres elevate the scapula and with it the point of the shoulder; acting with serratus anterior, trapezius rotates the scapula forward so that the arm can be raised above the head; and acting with the rhomboids, it retracts the scapula, bracing back the shoulder. With the shoulder fixed, trapezius may bend the head and neck backwards and laterally. Trapezius, levator scapulae, rhomboids and serratus anterior combine in producing a variety of scapular rotations
Clinical anatomy: testing Trapezius is palpated while the shoulder is shrugged against resistance.
13. Rhomboideus:-Retract the scapula Supplied by dorsal Scapular nerve.
14. Clavicle:- The shaft is gently curved and in shape resembles the italic letter f, being convex forwards in its medial two-thirds and concave forwards in its lateral third.
The clavicle begins to ossify before any other bone in the body, and is ossified from three centres. The shaft of the bone is ossified in condensed mesenchyme from two primary centres, medial and lateral, which appear between the fifth and sixth weeks of intrauterine life, and fuse about the forty-fifth day. Cartilage then develops at both ends of the clavicle. The medial cartilaginous mass contributes more to growth in length than does the lateral mass: the two centres of ossification meet between the middle and lateral thirds of the clavicle. A secondary centre for the sternal end appears in late teens, or even early twenties, usually 2 years earlier in females (Fig. 49.2). Fusion is probably rapid but reliable data are lacking. An acromial secondary centre sometimes develops at c.18 to 20 years, but this epiphysis is always small and rudimentary and rapidly joins the shaft.
The clavicle is often fractured, commonly by indirect forces, as a result of a violent impact to the hand or shoulder. The break is usually at the junction of the lateral and intermediate thirds, where the curvature changes, for this is the weakest part of the bone. A fracture medial to the conoid tubercle interrupts weight transmission from the arm to the axial skeleton. The resulting deformity is caused by the weight of the arm, which acts on the lateral fragment through the coracoclavicular ligament and draws it downwards. The medial fragment, as a rule, is a little displaced.
The coracoclavicular ligament connects the clavicle and the coracoid process of the scapula. Though separate from the acromioclavicular joint, it is a most efficient accessory ligament, and maintains the apposition of the clavicle to the acromion. Its trapezoid and conoid parts, usually separated by fat or, frequently, a bursa, connect the medial horizontal part of the coracoid process and lateral end of the subclavian groove of the clavicle; these adjacent areas may even be covered by cartilage to form a coracoclavicular joint.
The coracoclavicular ligament stabilizes the acromioclavicular joint. In acromioclavicular dislocation, the ligament is torn and the scapula falls away from the clavicle. Dislocation readily recurs because of the flatness and orientation of the joint surfaces.
All of the following are branches of subclavian artery except :
(A)Vertebral artery
(B)Thyrocervical trunk
(C)Subscapular artery—-axillary artery branch
(D)Internal thoracic artery
16. Deltoid:- ORIGIN INSERTION NERVE ACTION
Trapezius Superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, medial margin of the ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of CVII to TXII and the related supraspinous ligaments Superior edge of the crest of the spine of the scapula, acromion, posterior border of lateral one-third of clavicle Motor spinal part of accessory nerve (CN XI). Sensory (proprioception) anterior rami of C3 and C4 Powerful elevator of the scapula; rotates the scapula during abduction of humerus above horizontal; middle fibers retract scapula; lower fibers depress scapula
Deltoid Inferior edge of the crest of the spine of the scapula, lateral margin of the acromion, anterior border of lateral one-third of clavicle Deltoid tuberosity of humerus Axillary nerve [C5,C6] Major abductor of arm (abducts arm beyond initial 15° done by supraspinatus); clavicular fibers assist in flexing the arm; posterior fibers assist in extending the arm
The two most superficial muscles of the shoulder are the trapezius and deltoid muscles (Fig. 7.34 and Table 7.1). Together, they provide the characteristic contour of the shoulder:
trapezius attaches the scapula and clavicle to the trunk;
deltoid attaches the scapula and clavicle to the humerus
Trapezius is attached to all structures except :
(A)First rib
(B)Clavicle
(C)Scapula
(D)Occiput
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Reconnecting with nature key for sustainability
by University of Exeter
People who live in more built up areas and spend less free-time in nature are also less likely to take actions that benefit the environment, such as recycling, buying eco-friendly products, and environmental volunteering.
The finding of a new study led by the University of Exeter indicates that policies to preserve and develop urban green spaces, and support urban populations reconnect with nearby nature, could help meet sustainability targets and reduce carbon emissions.
The study, published in Environment International and funded by NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Change and Health, analysed survey responses from more than 24,000 people in England. The team looked at people's exposure to nature in their local area, their recreational visits to natural environments (parks, woodlands, beaches etc.), and the extent to which they valued the natural world.
The team, including collaborators from the University of Plymouth and Public Health England, found that many green choices were more common in people who lived in greener neighbourhoods or at the coast, and among those who regularly visited natural spaces regardless of where they lived. The relationships were the same for men and women, young and old, and for rich and poor.
Lead author Dr. Ian Alcock, of the University of Exeter Medical School, said: "Over 80% of the English population now live in urban areas and are increasingly detached from the natural world. Greening our cities is often proposed to help us adapt to climate change—for example, city parks and trees can reduce urban heat spots. But our results suggest urban greening could help reduce the damaging behaviours which cause environmental problems in the first place by reconnecting people to the natural word."
Co-researcher Dr. Mat White, of the University of Exeter Medical School, said: "The results are correlational so there is always the issue of untangling cause and effect, but our results based on a very large representative sample are consistent with experimental work which shows that people become more pro-environmental after time spent in natural vs. urban settings."
The paper is entitled 'Associations between pro-environmental behaviour and neighbourhood nature, nature visit frequency and nature appreciation: Evidence from a nationally representative survey in England'. Authors are Ian Alcock, Mathew White, Sabine Pahl, Raquel Duarte-Davidson and Lora Fleming.
Two hours a week is key dose of nature for health and wellbeing
More information: Ian Alcock et al, Associations between pro-environmental behaviour and neighbourhood nature, nature visit frequency and nature appreciation: Evidence from a nationally representative survey in England, Environment International (2020). DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105441
Journal information: Environment International
Provided by University of Exeter
Citation: Reconnecting with nature key for sustainability (2020, January 15) retrieved 20 January 2021 from https://phys.org/news/2020-01-reconnecting-nature-key-sustainability.html
Lightning Striking the Sea
If the Sahara is caused by the Hadley cell, it should ring the Earth like the Hadley cell, surely?
Coal and the Fermi Paradox
Does the world really need 'more power'?
Why is the CO2 level lower in my house than outside?
Mw 6.4 Quake Croatia
More from Earth Sciences
Spending two hours per week in nature brings bountiful benefits, study finds
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Natural hazard events and national risk reduction measures unconnected
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Abandoned cropland should produce biofuels


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Q: Checking if active window is using direct3d What would be the cleanest method for determining if the active foreground window is using direct3d.
I know I can check if it has d3d modules loaded, but that alone doesn't confirm without a shadow of a doubt that it is rendering with direct3d.
I could scan the memory to see if instances of the classes have been initialized, but that takes up too much CPU and time.
The solution has to be very fast and very low on resource usage so that it can be used once per second to determine if my own application needs to close to free up resources for people to play their games.

A: Hooking into games (injecting DLLs) can have very bad consequences for gamers… as in they can get banned. Anti-cheating programs check for such unknown DLLs.
What you need to do is detect when your window is minimized and free up resources or at least pause rendering. When it comes back up, continue business as usual.
Or just teach your users to close the app while playing, like everyone does. A smart gamer plays games with everything non-game required closed.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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ABHI supports UK healthtech sector in China
The Association of British HealthTech Industries (ABHI) will this week support 17 UK companies, ranging from small start-ups to large SMEs, at China Medical Equipment Fair (CMEF).
Located in hall 5.1, the ABHI UK Pavilion offers companies a comprehensive exhibition package to exhibit their pioneering health innovations in China. It also provides a platform for businesses to forge stronger relationships with the Asia-Pacific region.
Taking place from 14-17th May at the National Convention and Exhibition Centre, Shanghai, CMEF is considered the leading healthcare trade show in China. It is now the largest medical equipment exhibition in the Asia Pacific region, attracting over 60,000 visitors, 2,000 exhibitors from 21 countries and 13 national country pavilions.
At the event, the UK Department for International Trade will collaborate with pioneering UK enterprises to showcase UK innovation, with business areas covering artificial intelligence, big data, genetic testing, rehabilitation physiotherapy, wound care, imaging equipment, women and children's health and other fields.
A range of UK themed events will also be held on the UK Pavilion to encourage visitors to have face-to-face exchanges with the British companies, and to explore potential opportunities.
Paul Benton, Managing Director, International, ABHI added:
"China places a priority on innovation and healthcare reform and are looking to develop stronger ties with international companies that can bring the highest level of technology to market. British HealthTech is incredibly well regarded overseas and its reputation for quality means it is well placed to play a leading role in the market, supporting China with this process of change and reform."
CMEF is just one of the medical exhibitions within the ABHI's export calendar. To find out more about forthcoming events contact Alison Cassells Alison.cassells@abhi.org.uk
Related tags: ABHIChinaInternational trade
State-of-the-Art Operating Theatre to Feature Live and Simulated Surgery at Future Surgery 2022
The launch of The Metaversity and a Global Virtual Lecture in the Metaverse at Arab Health 2022
Integrated 'smart' peak flow meter showcased at Arab Health 2022
UK HealthTech Pioneers Reunite at Arab Health 2022


text:
ZLATAN 2015/16 | GAME REPORTS 2015/16 | vs Lyon 13 December
IBRA'S AMAZING FORM CONTINUES
SCORED FOR THE 9TH STRAIGHT HOME GAME
Zlatan is in an incredible form.
Tonight he scored another two goals when Lyon was destroyed 5-1 on Parc des Princes. For the first time in his career he has scored in nine straight home games and he extended his lead in the top goalscorer table.
– I feel that I'm in good physical condition, and that makes it easier to play, Zlatan said after the game.
PSG came with an almost complete squad to what used to be a tough, even rivalry game. Instead PSG they showed their superiority in the French League. It ended 5-1.
EARLY IBRA-GOAL
Zlatan opened up the scoring in the 11th minute. A Lyon-mistake gave him the ball in the penalty area with only Lopes to beat and he made no mistake with his right foot. 1-0 to PSG. Only six minutes later Serge Aurier extended the lead to 2-0 with a header on Di Maria's cross. Trapp then made a horrible mistake on Ferri's shot which meant 2-1 at halftime.
ACCELERATING PSG
PSG dominated this game completely. In the 61th minute Cavani scored 3-1 after a beautiful cross from Di Maria, who made his second assist. In the 77th minute Ibra gave the audience a beautiful dribble in the penalty area and was fouled = penalty. He did what he always does, placed it low to the right with a hard shot. 4-1, Zlatan!
LUCAS GOALSCORER - PSG SUPERIOR
Lucas came on and scored 5-1, Di Maria made his third assist. Complete and utter superiority from PSG. The game ended 5-1 and PSG are still undefeated in Ligue 1 this season. They lead the league with 18 (!) points and haven't lost at home in the league since May 2014.
This was a typical Zlatan-game. Overall his performance on the pitch was ok, he showed some great moves but was relatively quiet in different periods in the game. But when you are put on the pitch to score and you score game after game after game, there is nothing but praise. In the first half he scored immediately. He picked up a Lyon-mistake and placed the ball underneath Lopes, his 13th Ligue 1-goal this season. Other than that he was relatively involved and took one other shot on goal.
His second half was equally as good. He scored on a penalty in the 77th minute, which was no surprise but it was the move before that turned heads. A brilliant one foot-dribble in a millisecond forced the Lyon-defender to foul him. Ibracadabra. The two goals tonight were his 13th and 14th in Ligue 1 and he extended his lead in the top goal scorer table.
OLYMPIQUE
Goalscorer: IBRAHIMOVIĆ
Assist: –
Goalscorer: AURIER
Assist: Angel Di Maria
24' - 2-1, LYON
Goalscorer: FERRI
Assist: Clement Grénier
90+1' - 5-1, PSG
Goalscorer: LUCAS MOURA
GAME HIGHLIGHTS | INTERVIEWS
LUCAS in 82'
"I'M IN GOOD PHYSICAL CONDITION"
ZLATAN'S THOUGHTS AFTER PSG-LYON
Tonight, PSG continued to impress as they for the first time beat Lyon 5-1. What do you think of the match?
ZLATAN: "A very good match by PSG."
You scored two goals and are involved in a lot of situations in PSG's strong offense. Your goals mean that you have scored in the last nine home matches, and as an extra bonus you got appointed Player of the month in Ligue 1 earlier today. How happy are you with your own performance tonight – and the last month?
ZLATAN: "I feel that I'm in good physical condition, and that makes it easier to play."
In Ligue 1 you have taken 27 penalty kicks and you scored on 24 of them. What is your secret to be this efficient from the penalty spot?
ZLATAN: "Luck."
In the 70th minute, Marco Verratti, a crowd favorite at Parc des Princes, made his comeback. What does it mean to PSG to get the energetic midfielder back in play?
ZLATAN: "Together with Motta, he's the one that controls how we play."


The New Jersey legislature recently amended its laws governing the maintenance of vacant and abandoned residential properties, effective August 15, 2014.
The governing body of any municipality may adopt ordinances to regulate the care, maintenance, security, and upkeep of the exterior of vacant and abandoned residential properties on which a summons and complaint in an action to foreclose has been filed.
An ordinance must provide that the lender filing the summons and complaint in an action to foreclose will be responsible for the care, maintenance, security, and upkeep of the exterior of the vacant and abandoned residential property, and if located outside New Jersey, will be responsible for appointing an in-State representative or agent to act for the foreclosing lender.
An ordinance must further provide that an out-of-State lender include the full name and contact information of the in-State representative or agent in the required notice.
An out-of-State lender found by the municipal court of the municipality in which the property subject to the ordinance is located, or by any other court of competent jurisdiction, to be in violation of the requirement to appoint an in-State representative or agent will be subject to a fine of $2,500 for each day of the violation. Any fines imposed on a lender for the failure to appoint an in-State representative or agent will commence on the day after the 10-day period for providing notice to the municipal clerk that a summons and complaint in an action to foreclose on a mortgage has been served.
A lender found by the municipal court of the municipality in which the property is located, or by any other court of competent jurisdiction, to be in violation of the requirement to correct a care, maintenance, security, or upkeep violation cited in a notice issued pursuant to the ordinance will be subject to a fine of $1,500 for each day of the violation. Any fines imposed pursuant to this requirement will commence 31 days following receipt of the notice, except if the violation presents an imminent risk to public health and safety, in which case any fines will commence 11 days following receipt of the notice.
No less than 20 percent of any money collected will be utilized by the municipality for municipal code enforcement purposes.
A lender serving a summons and complaint in an action to foreclose on a mortgage on residential property in New Jersey must, within 10 days of serving the summons and complaint, notify the municipal clerk of the municipality in which the property is located that a summons and complaint in an action to foreclose on a mortgage has been filed against the subject property. The notice must contain the name and contact information for the representative of the lender who is responsible for receiving complaints of property maintenance and code violations, may contain information about more than one property, and must be provided by mail or electronic communication, at the discretion of the municipal clerk. In the event the lender that has served a summons and complaint in an action to foreclose on a residential property is located out-of-State, the notice must now also contain the full name and contact information of an in-State representative or agent who will be responsible for the care, maintenance, security, and upkeep of the exterior of the property if it becomes vacant and abandoned.
If the owner of a residential property vacates or abandons any property on which a foreclosure proceeding has been initiated or if a residential property becomes vacant at any point subsequent to the lender's filing the summons and complaint in an action to foreclose on a mortgage against the subject property, but prior to vesting of title in the lender or any other third party, and the exterior of the property is found to be a nuisance or in violation of any applicable State or local code, the local public officer, municipal clerk, or other authorized municipal official must notify the lender or the representative or agent of an out-of-State lender, as applicable, which will have the responsibility to abate the nuisance or correct the violation in the same manner and to the same extent as the title owner of the property, to such standard or specification as may be required by State law or municipal ordinance. The municipality must include a description of the conditions that gave rise to the violation with the notice of violation and must provide a period of not less than 30 days from the lender's receipt of the notice for the lender to remedy the violation. If the lender fails to remedy the violation within that time period, the municipality may impose penalties allowed for the violation of municipal ordinances.


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Charlotte & Eaton Rapids
Dansville, Leslie, Mason & Stockbridge
Delhi Twp - Holt - Dimondale - Southside Lansing
Delta Township & Grand Ledge
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Downtown, Old Town & REO Town
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Jackson & Hillsdale Counties
MSU Campus
Get More In Your Morning
Neighborhood Weather Planner
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State & National News
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US boy could become the best junior Pokemon player in the world
Koji Sasahara/AP
In this Monday, July 18, 2016 photo, a stuffed toy of Pikachu, a Pokemon character, is surrounded by children during a Pokemon festival in Tokyo. "Pokemon Go," a compulsive smartphone game has not been made available to the Japanese public yet as of Wednesday, July 20, 2016, as a rumor circulated on the internet that it would come out on that day. (AP Photo/Koji Sasahara)
By: Douglas Jones
A 10-year-old boy in South Carolina is gaining recognition internationally as he skills playing Pokemon at the junior level are spiking fast.
Max Lentz's mother Lacy Daniel spoke of his now busy schedule, telling the Herald Online, Max is going to go to the first day of school and then get on a plane that afternoon," she said of his trip to London to compete in a junior competition.
"This was sort of a no-brainer. He needs to go," she said.
Max has honed his Pokemon skills on Friday nights at his local card shop and game venue in Rock Hill, South Carolina. He's been playing the game since he was at least 6-years-old when he won one of his first big tournaments.
"He was just barely learning to read and do math," his dad Ian Lentz said.
Max's dad decided to try and learn the game alongside his son looking to play in local competitions, and then took his son Max to his first League Cup in Columbia, South Carolina.
Now Max is ranked number 15 in the U.S. and Canada within his junior age group, which gained him a paid invite to travel to London for the world championships from Aug. 18-21.
"I'm happy to be there and I want to win," says Max Lentz, who will travel to London to compete in the Pokemon World Championships. https://t.co/HiymCKOKB1
— The Island Packet (@islandpacket) August 9, 2022
Players in the game need to get to 350 in point to qualify to play in London, and Max has 633.
Max's dad Ian says his son has an "uncanny ability to plan ahead" in the game and he "sees the game unfold two or three turns ahead."
A fellow player named Alex Raymond name was beating her for a long time.
"He just has a great instinct for the game," she aid. "He understands a lot of what the cards do in a way that even some of the adult players don't get. He picks it up very fast."
As for the tournament in London, Max's dad says he doesn't stress out about the game and said "He'll go up against somebody who's good, who's ranked high or who's won some tournaments. He just plays," he told the Herald Online.
If Max wins in London it could take his career in Pokemon to the next level, but he doesn't appear to be too worried.
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text:
Q: How do I get a superclass to reference a property in a subclass when the subclass invokes the superclass' method? The superclass:
Public MustInherit Class Product
  Friend _shortName as String = Nothing

  Public ReadOnly Property Name as String
    Get
      return _shortName
    End Get
  End Property

End Class

The Sub class
Public Class MyProduct : Inherits Product
  Friend Shadows _shortName as String = "MyProd"
End Class

So, in the immediate console when I'm debugging, I do:
Dim product as new MyProduct
product.Name ' => Nothing

product.Name should be "MyProd" - but it isn't. How do I set this up correctly, so that the the property defined in the superclass accesses the field defined in the subclass?

A: There is no way for the base class to access the shadowed version of the field.  Shadows should be avoided unless it is absolutely necessary.  For something like this, you should just change the value of the base field from the derived class.  There is no need to shadow it:
Public Class MyProduct : Inherits Product
    Public Sub New()
        _shortName = "MyProd"
    End Sub
End Class

It's worth mentioning that, unless you really need it to be scoped as Friend, the _shortName field in the base class should be scoped as Protected.
Although, in this example, it looks like you probably want all derived classes to provide the name.  In that case, there are two ways to accomplish that.  You could require the name as a parameter in the base class' constructor:
Public MustInherit Class Product
    Public Sub New(shortName As String)
        _shortName = shortName
    End Sub

    Friend _shortName As String = Nothing

    Public ReadOnly Property Name As String
        Get
            Return _shortName
        End Get
    End Property
End Class

Public Class MyProduct : Inherits Product
    Public Sub New()
        MyBase.New("MyProd")
    End Sub
End Class

In this case, the _shortName doesn't even need to be Friend or Protected.  It should ideally be scoped as Private.
Or, you could simply declare the property as MustOverride:
Public MustInherit Class Product
    Public MustOverride ReadOnly Property Name As String
End Class

Public Class MyProduct : Inherits Product
    Public Overrides ReadOnly Property Name As String
        Get
            Return "MyProd"
        End Get
    End Property
End Class


Deitel recently released more topics of interest to .NET developers in their excellent Resource Center series.
I find these valuable since they're not simply lists of links. Most resources have brief descriptions of each item written by someone who has taken the time to review the resource.


text:
Q: Compile error with sqlite and winrt I just opened the csharp version of the geolocation sample of the SDK and I would like to do a simple change: I would like that the background task save the coordinates in a sqlite db.
To do this, I added the Microsoft Visual C++ Runtime Package, the SQLite for Windows Runtime, the sqlite-net library via codeplex, and switched the target Platform from any cpu to x64.
Trying to compile, I receive this error
Windows Runtime type 'Windows.Foundation.Point' was found in multiple
referenced winmd files. Please remove either 'C:\Program Files (x86)\
Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v8.0\ExtensionSDKs\Microsoft.VCLibs\11.0\References
\CommonConfiguration\neutral\platform.winmd' or 'C:\Program Files (x86)\
Windows Kits\8.0\References\CommonConfiguration\Neutral\Windows.winmd'
from the list of referenced files.

How can I solve this?

A: I have heard that if you move all the SQLite code to a Windows store class library and referencing it from the background task will get rid of the problem.
my workaround is just to remove/rename 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\8.0\References\CommonConfiguration\Neutral\Windows.winmd' its only 18kb so I think its unlikely that ill need anything in there


I am SO all over tagging as an incredibly useful tool, and certainly a way to help organizations locate and organize useful and important information quickly, and in new ways, leading to quicker and more focused actions. Some of your examples are quite wonderful.
However, I have to admit to some hesitance even thinking about a phrase like "Tagging to make social change." There is no question that technology in general has created sea changes in the ways in which organizations get and use information, reach donors and constituents, create campaigns, etc. But I think the jury is still out, at least from my perspective, on whether or not this sea change in communication has actually resulted in very much on-the-ground social change. Are there actually really any fewer homeless people? Did MoveOn actually manage to help elect someone more progressive? Is the environment any cleaner?
So to suggest that a tool like tagging can be used to affect social change is, well, a bit of hyperbole. Yes, let's be Tagvocates, let's do all we can to use, learn and teach about tagging, as yet another incredibly useful tool for nonprofits to use. But shouldn't we be a little more realistic about what this tool can really do?
I started using my i_like_to_watch tag to create a low maintenance video RSS feed - covering sustainability issues.
Grab it here. I load up every Friday.
I have thought that all of this technology is often putting the cart before the horse. Km, taggin, RSS they all exists for a purpose of doing something.