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HomeEthereumEthereum's London, Berlin and Shanghai forks and their role in Serenity
Ethereum's London, Berlin and Shanghai forks and their role in Serenity
Ethereum (ETH) has enjoyed a good run so far in 2021, with its value increasing from about $1,300 at the beginning of the year, to nearly $4,000 in May. However, Ethereum's price aside, consistent problems on the Ethereum blockchain have brought to light the anger of traders and decentralized application (DApp) developers on the Ethereum ecosystem. Lack of scalability and high gas fees are the main issues.
As one of crypto's biggest platforms for decentralized applications, Ethereum has been dealing with network congestion that reflects the high gas fees that people have had to pay with every transaction. Since the start of the year, at times, the cost of facilitating transactions on the Ethereum ecosystem has hovered around the $16 to $20 range, going as high as $100 on DApps like Uniswap that have high trading volumes.
From this point of view, the transition to Ethereum 2.0 (Eth2) as a solution designed to address scalability issues, as well as solve the problem of skyrocketing gas fees, is a welcomed reprieve by the Ethereum community.
Eth2, or Serenity, is set to be a technical upgrade that will move the Ethereum blockchain from a proof-of-work (PoW) protocol to a proof-of-stake (PoS) blockchain, thereby increasing its capacity for transactions, reducing gas fees and making the network easy to scale and more eco-friendly when generating new coins and validating transactions.
After years in the making, the move toward Eth2 began with the launch of the Beacon chain as a first step to revolutionize the Ethereum network. The move to a PoS blockchain will be one of the biggest updates in the lifespan of the Ethereum blockchain, and therefore it will be carried out in phases. The Ethereum London hard fork is one of the upgrades that will bring the Ethereum network closer to Serenity.
Berlin hard fork
The Berlin upgrade went live at block 12,244,000 on April 15. Named after the host city of the inaugural Ethereum Devcon convention, Berlin is a forerunner to the bigger London hard fork and incorporates four Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs) that deal with gas prices and enable new transaction types.
Berlin's EIP-2565 involved the reduction of gas fees on Ethereum. This mechanism uses a function called modular exponentiation (ModExp) to benefit Ethereum users who need to run services on the Ethereum network.
EIP0-2718 protocol makes all transaction types backward-compatible, thereby making it easier to add new transaction logic into Ethereum. Developers who created this protocol used a new function known as the Typed Transaction Envelope.
The Berlin Hard fork also features a proposal titled EIP-2929, which introduces an increase in gas prices in opcode transactions. In computing, opcodes are portions of a machine language that specifies operations. Ethereum's opcodes have been a major pain point for Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks in the past. With EIP-2929, a higher gas cost will remove the incentive for DoS attacks.
Lastly, the Berlin hard fork features the EIP-2930 protocol that builds upon EIP-2718, bringing about a new transaction type of mechanism that allows users to form wallet address lists so they can trade at much lower gas fees.
Reactions to Berlin
The EIPs introduced with the Berlin hard fork were meant to reduce gas fee cost at a time when saturation on the network was at its peak, as well as improve Ethereum's efficacy. However, the update was postponed several times due to concerns about possible vulnerabilities caused by the centralization of the upgrade.
Also, the consensus in the Ethereum community was that Berlin would be less impactful in the short term, but still pave the way for the awaited London hard fork's EIP-1559 protocol.
The London hard fork: Increasing block elasticity
The Ethereum London hard fork is part of Ethereum's road map on its way to release Eth2. The long-awaited hard fork will likely launch on Aug. 4 in a delayed release previously rescheduled for the end of July.
The Ethereum London hard fork will include five Ethereum Improvement Protocols. The most notable of the five EIPs include the EIP-1559 and EIP-3554.
EIP-1559 introduces a new fee structure that will make Ethereum deflationary. While highly controversial, this protocol change aims to burn part of the fees generated on the Ethereum blockchain, hence reducing the miner's revenue.
EIP-3554, on the other hand, will introduce incremental difficulty to Ethereum mining, thereby eliminating the incentive for miners' participation on the PoW network. The move is expected to push miners into the new PoS blockchain while freezing the proof of work network.
Ethereum miners react to EIP-1559
While Ethereum users and investors anticipate the launch of EIP-1559, as it will help reduce gas fees, Ether miners were not thrilled with the proposal.
The hotly awaited upgrade will set Ethereum on a deflationary path through the burning of fees that originally went to the miners. EIP-1559 plans to set a fixed fee for everyone on the Ethereum network so that no one will have the option of paying more for their transaction to be confirmed faster than other transactions. The network sets the fee automatically, and then the fee is collected from transactions and burned, thus allowing for a dynamic expansion and contraction of block sizes.
For users looking to prioritize their transactions, this EIP-1559 upgrade will include an optional "priority fee" that will act more like a tip that incentivizes the miner to prioritize the transaction. Miners will be able to pocket this priority fee, however, the base fee will be burned.
According to James Beck, director of communications at ConsenSys — a technology company backing Ethereum's blockchain — burning the base fee will place deflationary pressure on the issuance of ETH.
While some argue that this upgrade's deflationary mechanism will result in a boom for Ether's price and will create a positive price feedback loop, some of the disgruntled miners have criticized the move, as it will reduce their income significantly.
In protest of the upcoming implementations, some Ethereum miners voiced the desire to hold a 51-hour show of force attack on the Ethereum network, directing computational resources to a pool that supports unilateral changes to the Ethereum network. The threats have since died down, and Vitalik Buterin has proposed a quick transition to Eth2 as a solution.
The upcoming future of hard forks on Ethereum
The London and Berlin hard forks are just the start of the improvement proposals coming to Ethereum before the network transitions to Eth2. After the London hard fork, the Ethereum community will prepare for the Shanghai hard fork which is scheduled to go live by the end of the year.
The Shanghai hard fork is set to be the final step of the journey towards merging Eth1 to Eth2. Ongoing discussions among developers about the Shanghai hard fork suggest that the upgrade will take place in October 2021 and will exclusively implement a merger rather than an additional feature to the upcoming Eth2, as has been the case with previous hard forks.
Overall, there is a mixture of excitement and disappointment in the Ethereum community as some are anticipating the move to a PoS blockchain which will translate to cheaper transaction costs, while others decry a reduction in their profits. It remains to be seen whether the upgrades will result in a swift and successful transition to Ethereum 2.0.
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Le Tour de France 1976 est la  du Tour de France, course cycliste qui s'est déroulée du 24 juin au  sur 22 étapes pour . L'épreuve est remportée par le grimpeur belge Lucien Van Impe.

Généralités
 Eddy Merckx est forfait sur ce Tour.
 13 formations de 10 coureurs prennent le départ de ce Tour.
 Le Tour passe 4 jours en Belgique.
 Dernier vainqueur du Tour, Bernard Thévenet abandonne à la .
 Raymond Poulidor participe à son  et dernier Tour ; il le termine à la , ce qui en fait toujours le seul recordman du nombre de podiums (avec huit podiums) à l'âge de .
 Freddy Maertens remporte huit étapes et gagne le maillot vert.
 Régis Ovion, vainqueur de la , est déclassé pour dopage au profit de Willy Teirlinck.
 Gan-Mercier est la seule formation arrivée à Paris au complet ; elle s'adjuge d'ailleurs le classement aux points par équipes.
 Vitesse moyenne du vainqueur : .
 Le Néerlandais Aad Van den Hoek termine à la 87 et dernière place à plus de deux heures du vainqueur.

Déroulement de la course

Le contexte
L'élément principal de ce Tour de France est l'absence d'Eddy Merckx. Après avoir été terrassé par Bernard Thévenet en 1975, son début de saison 1976 est très difficile, malgré une septième victoire à Milan-San Remo. Il termine  d'un Tour d'Italie dominé par son vieux rival Felice Gimondi et au cours duquel il se blesse à la selle. Cette blessure le contraint à faire l'impasse sur le Tour.

Bernard Thévenet devient alors le favori logique à sa propre succession. Son principal rival paraît être Joop Zoetemelk, éternel dauphin du Cannibale et  du dernier Tour. Bien que le Belge Lucien Van Impe ait fini  du dernier Tour, bien peu voient en lui un possible vainqueur, sa seule ambition semble encore une fois être le classement de meilleur grimpeur. Raymond Poulidor veut quant à lui terminer sa carrière sur une bonne note et accrocher une bonne place au général. Luis Ocaña, bien qu'en nette perte de vitesse, vient de terminer  du Tour d'Espagne et reste un adversaire dangereux. On attend Freddy Maertens, dont les capacités en montagnes ne sont pas encore bien cernées, certains voyant en lui un possible vainqueur de grand Tour. Les grimpeurs de la KAS, Francisco Galdos et Vicente Lopez-Carril, devraient animer la montagne, tout comme le champion du monde Hennie Kuiper.

Le festival Maertens
Le début de ce Tour verra Freddy Maertens réaliser une véritable razzia. Au prologue à St Jean de Monts, sur 8 km, il relègue Thévenet à 20 secondes, Zoetemelk à 22 secondes, Poulidor à 27 secondes et Ocaña à 28 secondes. Le lendemain, il récidive en remportant la  au sprint à Angers. Après la victoire de Giovanni Battaglin à Caen, le Belge remet ça sur le premier grand rendez-vous de ce Tour, le contre-la-montre de 37 km au Touquet : il relègue Pollentier à 1 min 37 s, les favoris étant relégués à plus de 3 minutes. En Belgique, Hennie Kuiper gagne à Bornem avant de participer grandement à la victoire de son équipe la Ti-Raleigh dans le contre-la-montre par équipe le lendemain. L'étape des ballons d'Alsace ne fait pas de sélection majeure et Freddy Maertens s'impose encore, si bien qu'au pied des Alpes, le Belge possède 2 min 04 s sur Michel Pollentier et 3 min 16 s sur Hennie Kuiper.

Le duo Van Impe / Zoetemelk se détache
La première étape des Alpes se termine à l'Alpe d'Huez et les premiers enseignements sont tirés : Van Impe et Zoetemelk semblent au-dessus du lot. Le Néerlandais battant au sprint le Belge au sommet. Galdos est à 58 secondes, Baronchelli perd 1 min 45 s. Quant à Thévenet et Poulidor, ils sont à 2 minutes.

À Montgenèvre, les leaders se neutralisent. Zoetemelk s'impose encore devant Thévenet et Van Impe, roue dans roue. Galdos est à 10 secondes et Poulidor à 13 secondes. Hennie Kuiper termine à 27 secondes et Pollentier à 1 min 05 s.

À la sortie des Alpes, Van Impe est en jaune pour 7 secondes devant Zoetemelk. Poulidor est  à 1 min 36 s.

Les Pyrénées consacrent Van Impe
Après l'échappée fleuve en solitaire de l'Espagnol Viejo à Manosque, arrivé avec près de 23 minutes d'avance sur le peloton, les Pyrénées se présentent aux coureurs.

La première étape Pyrénéenne amène les coureurs à Pyrénées 2000, via le col de Jau. Raymond Delisle, coéquipier de Bernard Thévenet chez Peugeot, fait un exploit et s'impose avec 4 min 59 s d'avance sur Menendez et 5 min 14 s sur Panizza. Chez les favoris, Pollentier est à 6 min 26 s et Zoetemelk à 6 min 57 s, tout comme Poulidor et Van Impe. Thévenet a eu un ennui mécanique près de l'arrivée et a cédé du terrain. Mais l'équipe Peugeot n'a pas tout perdu puisqu'elle récupère le maillot jaune avec Delisle, qui possède désormais 2 min 41 s d'avance sur Van Impe et 2 min 47 s sur Zoetemelk.

A Saint-Gaudens, le Belge Willy Teirlinck s'impose devant 6 autres coureurs légèrement détachés du peloton, parmi lesquels Poulidor et Kuiper, ce dernier subissant une lourde chute près de l'arrivée. Le Hollandais abandonnera le lendemain, victime de nouveau d'une chute.

Saint Lary-Soulan : Van Impe vainqueur par KO
L'étape suivante est l'étape reine de ce Tour. Elle relie Saint-Gaudens à Saint Lary Soulan, par les cols de Mente, du Portillon, de Peyresourde et enfin la montée vers le Pla d'Adet. Un groupe de 14 coureurs s'est détaché. Elle comprend notamment Freddy Maertens, encore bien placé pour un top 10 au général, Luis Ocaña, qui veut « casser la baraque » dans ses Pyrénées après une traversée des Alpes très décevante, son coéquipier Pedro Torres, l'Italien Riccomi, Pesarrodona, vainqueur d'Ocaña sur le dernier Tour d'Espagne, ou encore Bellini, le maillot à pois.

Derrière, 6 minutes derrière le groupe d'échappés, dans le peloton, le Tour se joue. Dans le col du Portillon, Cyrille Guimard, directeur sportif de Van Impe, voit que Thévenet et Zoetemelk ne sont pas dans un bon jour. Il ordonne à Van Impe d'attaquer. D'abord hésitant étant donné la distance qui reste encore à couvrir, le petit Belge s'exécute. Zoetemelk n'y va pas, ne croyant pas à la chevauchée un peu folle du protégé de Guimard. Le maillot jaune Delisle ne bouge pas non plus. Quant à Thévenet, il est au plus mal et va vivre un véritable cauchemar. Il franchira la ligne d'arrivée avec plus de 13 minutes de retard et abandonnera à quelques jours de l'arrivée, malade.

Dans le col de Peyresourde, Van Impe revient d'abord sur Freddy Maertens, qui limitera néanmoins la casse à l'arrivée. Il revient sur le groupe de tête, puis se détache avec Ocaña. L'Espagnol passe le sommet de Peyresourde en tête avec Van Impe. Dans la plaine, Riccomi est parvenu à recoller, et Ocaña se dépense sans compter.

Enfin, Van Impe part seul au Pla d'Adet et gagne avec 3 minutes d'avance sur Zoetemelk et 3 minutes 45 sur Riccomi. Le Tour est plié.

Duel pour les places d'honneur
Le lendemain, Wladimiro Panizza s'impose à Pau dans une étape qui comportait les col d'Aspin, du Tourmalet et de l'Aubisque. Mais quelque peu sonnés par la démonstration de Van Impe la veille et sans doute fatigués, cette étape ne donna pas le spectacle escompté. Panizza s'impose en solitaire devant un groupe de 8 coureurs parmi lesquels Pollentier.

Dans le contre-la-montre d'Auch, le spécialiste Ferdinand Bracke s'impose, devançant Knudsen de 8 secondes et Maertens de 11 secondes. Van Impe surprend en finissant 4 à 51 secondes ! Galvanisé par le maillot jaune, il prend encore du temps à Pollentier, relégué à 1 min 01 s. Poulidor à 1 min 04 s. Quant à Zoetemelk, il semble avoir rendu les armes : il termine  à 2 min 08 s.

Puis, Freddy Maertens reprend son récital en s'imposant au sprint dans les deux demi-étapes de Langon et Lacanau. Néanmoins, un petit évènement se produit à Bordeaux, puisque Karstens réussit à le battre !

La veille de l'arrivée a lieu l'étape du Puy de Dôme. C'est Joop Zoetemelk qui s'impose à Van Impe pour 12 secondes, ce dernier devant s'incliner dans les derniers lacets. Francisco Galdos est . Mais le fait du jour est la très bonne montée de Raymond Poulidor, qui, en terminant  à 32 secondes, rejoint Delisle sur la 3 marche du podium. Les deux coureurs vont donc se départager lors du contre-la-montre de 6 km des Champs-Elysées!

L'inévitable Freddy Maertens s'impose avec 11 secondes d'avance sur Zoetemelk et le vétéran Poulidor, qui gagne finalement son duel avec Delisle ! La deuxième semi-étape aux Champs-Élysées revient à Gerben Karstens, qui prend le meilleur sur Maertens.

Étapes

|-
| Prologue || 24 juin || Merlin-Plage – Saint-Jean-de-Monts ||  || align=center|8 ||  Freddy Maertens ||  Freddy Maertens
|-bgcolor="#FFF7DF"
|  || 25 juin || Saint-Jean-de-Monts – Angers ||  || align=center|173 ||  Freddy Maertens ||  Freddy Maertens
|-
|  || 26 juin || Angers – Caen ||  || align=center|236,5 ||  Giovanni Battaglin ||  Freddy Maertens
|-bgcolor="#FFF7DF"
|  || 27 juin || Le Touquet-Paris-Plage – Le Touquet-Paris-Plage ||  || align=center|37 ||  Freddy Maertens ||  Freddy Maertens
|-
|  || 28 juin || Le Touquet-Paris-Plage –  Bornem (BEL) ||  || align=center|258 ||  Hennie Kuiper ||  Freddy Maertens
|-bgcolor="#FFF7DF"
|  (a) || 29 juin ||  Louvain (BEL) –  Louvain (BEL) ||  || align=center|4,3 ||  TI-Raleigh ||  Freddy Maertens
|-
|  (b) || 29 juin ||  Louvain (BEL) –  Verviers (BEL) ||  || align=center|144 ||  Miguel María Lasa ||  Freddy Maertens
|-bgcolor="#FFF7DF"
|  || 30 juin ||  Bastogne (BEL) – Nancy ||  || align=center|209 ||  Aldo Parecchini ||  Freddy Maertens
|-
|  ||  || Nancy – Mulhouse ||  || align=center|205,5 ||  Freddy Maertens ||  Freddy Maertens
|-bgcolor="#FFF7DF"
|  || 2 juillet || Beaulieu - Valentigney – Divonne-les-Bains ||  || align=center|220,5 ||  Jacques Esclassan ||  Freddy Maertens
|-
|  || 3 juillet || Divonne-les-Bains ||  || colspan="3" align=center|Journée de repos
|-bgcolor="#FFF7DF"
|  || 4 juillet || Divonne-les-Bains – L'Alpe d'Huez ||  || align=center|258 ||  Joop Zoetemelk ||  Lucien Van Impe
|-
|  || 5 juillet || Le Bourg-d'Oisans – Montgenèvre ||  || align=center|166 ||  Joop Zoetemelk ||  Lucien Van Impe
|-bgcolor="#FFF7DF"
|  || 6 juillet || Montgenèvre – Manosque ||  || align=center|224 ||  José Luis Viejo ||  Lucien Van Impe
|-
|  || 7 juillet || Port-Barcarès ||  || colspan="3" align=center|Journée de repos
|-bgcolor="#FFF7DF"
|  || 8 juillet || Port-Barcarès – Pyrénées 2000 ||  || align=center|205,5 ||  Raymond Delisle ||  Raymond Delisle
|-
|  || 9 juillet || Font-Romeu – Saint-Gaudens ||  || align=center|188 ||  Willy Teirlinck||  Raymond Delisle
|-bgcolor="#FFF7DF"
|  || 10 juillet || Saint-Gaudens – Saint-Lary-Soulan - Pla d'Adet ||  || align=center|139 ||  Lucien Van Impe ||  Lucien Van Impe
|-
|  || 11 juillet || Saint-Lary-Soulan – Pau ||  || align=center|195 ||  Wladimiro Panizza ||  Lucien Van Impe
|-bgcolor="#FFF7DF"
|  || 12 juillet || Pau – Fleurance ||  || align=center|152 ||  Michel Pollentier ||  Lucien Van Impe
|-
|  || 13 juillet || Fleurance – Auch ||  || align=center|39 ||  Ferdinand Bracke ||  Lucien Van Impe
|-bgcolor="#FFF7DF"
|  (a) || 14 juillet || Auch – Langon ||  || align=center|86 ||  Freddy Maertens ||  Lucien Van Impe
|-
|  (b) || 14 juillet || Langon – Lacanau-Océan ||  || align=center|123 ||  Freddy Maertens ||  Lucien Van Impe
|-bgcolor="#FFF7DF"
|  (c) || 14 juillet || Lacanau-Océan – Bordeaux ||  || align=center|70,5 ||  Gerben Karstens ||  Lucien Van Impe
|-
|  || 15 juillet || Sainte-Foy-la-Grande – Tulle ||  || align=center|219,5 ||  Hubert Mathis ||  Lucien Van Impe
|-bgcolor="#FFF7DF"
|  || 16 juillet || Tulle – Puy de Dôme - Chamalières - Royat ||  || align=center|220 ||  Joop Zoetemelk ||  Lucien Van Impe
|-
|  || 17 juillet || Montargis – Versailles ||  || align=center|145,5 ||  Freddy Maertens ||  Lucien Van Impe
|-bgcolor="#FFF7DF"
|  (a) || 18 juillet || Paris - Circuit des Champs-Élysées ||  || align=center|6 ||  Freddy Maertens ||  Lucien Van Impe
|-
|  (b) || 18 juillet || Paris - Circuit des Champs-Élysées ||  || align=center|91 ||  Gerben Karstens ||  Lucien Van Impe
|}

Classements

Classement général final

Classements annexes finals

Giancarlo Bellini ôta la victoire au classement de la montagne à Lucien Van Impe le dernier jour, profitant des points qui étaient alors attribués au sommet des Champs-Élysées.

Classement par points

Grand Prix de la montagne

Classement du meilleur jeune

Classement des sprints intermédiaires

Classement par équipes
Les coureurs de l'équipe en tête de ce classement portent une casquette jaune (représentée dans les classements par l'icône  à côté du nom de l'équipe).

Classement par équipes aux points

Évolution des classements

Liste des coureurs

NP : Non-Partant ; HC : Hors Course ; A : Abandon en cours d'étape ; HD : Hors Délai.

Notes et références
*  Le Miroir du cyclisme n°220 de juillet 1976 consacré essentiellement au Tour 1976.

Bibliographie

Liens externes

 Tour de France 1976 sur letour.fr
  Tour de France 1976 sur bikeraceinfo.com
 Le dico du Tour / Le Tour de France 1976

Tour de France 1976
Cyclisme en France en 1976
Cyclisme sur route en 1976
Sport en juin 1976
Sport en juillet 1976
Tour de France en Belgique

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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The Story: Marketed as "The Untold Story Behind the Miracle on the Hudson," Tom Hanks does what Tom Hanks does so brilliantly: Transforms into US Airways pilot Captain "Sully" Sullenberger in this captivating real-life story about that miracle landing on the Hudson River. Directed by Clint Eastwood, the film also stars Laura Linney and Aaron Eckhart.
The Story: Anna Kendrick and her impeccable comedic timing are at it again. The story goes something like this: Ex-maid of honor Eloise (Kendrick)—having been relieved of her duties after being dumped by the best man via text—decides to attend her oldest friend's wedding anyway. She finds herself seated at the "random" table in the back of the ballroom with a group of strangers, though most of us know them as Lisa Kudrow, Craig Robinson, and Stephen Merchant, among others. As everyone's secrets are revealed, Eloise learns a thing or two from her tablemates and maybe even finds a new romantic connection in the process.
The Story: Dreamworks unveilved exclusive footage of Trolls to journalists last week (we were there!), and trust us when we say this is not just a movie for kids. It's hilarious, it's whimsical, and stunning in design and animation. "What's made them so relevant," says Justin Timberlake (who voices troll Branch), "is to take these classic toys and mythological creatures and modernize them. That was our M.O. with the music as well."
The Story: Steve Martin's George Banks (Father of the Bride) had nothing to worry about with his future son-in-law, especially when you consider what Bryan Cranston has to deal with in the Fox comedy Why Him? Cranston plays an overprotective but loving dad who struggles to come to terms with his daughter's socially awkward, f-word-loving Silicon Valley billionaire boyfriend, Laird (James Franco). Megan Mullally stars as Cranston's wife, along with appearances from Zoey Deutch, Adam Devine, Andrew Rannells, Casey Wilson, Keegan-Michael Key, and others.
The Story: Consider this Mr. & Mrs. Smith, Part II. An ordinary suburban couple (Zach Galifianakis, Isla Fisher) finds it's not easy keeping up with their new, seemingly perfect new neighbors, the Joneses (Jon Hamm, Gal Gadot), especially when they discover that Mr. and Mrs. "Jones" are covert operatives.
The Story: Starring Shia LaBeouf, Riley Keough, and talented newcomer Sasha Lane, American Honey won the jury prize last month at Cannes. The film tells the story of free-spirited teenager, Star (Lane), who joins a traveling magazine sales crew, and gets caught up in a whirlwind of hard partying, law bending and young love.
The Story: If any movie is a sure thing for an Oscar nomination this early in the process, it's Nate Parker's The Birth of a Nation. The most-talked-about, critically acclaimed film to debut at this year's Sundance Film Festival, The Birth of a Nation follows Nat Turner (Parker), a literate slave and preacher, whose financially strained owner, Samuel Turner (Armie Hammer), accepts an offer to use Nat's preaching to subdue unruly slaves. As he witnesses countless atrocities, Turner orchestrates an uprising in the hopes of leading his people to freedom.
The Story: With music from Lin-Manuel Miranda, and the team behind Disney's Aladdin, comes Moana, a 3-D musical fantasy adventure film from Disney about an adventurous teen who sets sail on a risky mission to save her people. Along the way, Moana fulfills the ancient quest of her ancestors and discovers the one thing she's always sought: her own identity.
The Story: Already gaining Oscar buzz, Loving celebrates real-life interracial couple, Richard and Mildred Loving (Joel Edgerton and Ruth Negga), who married and then spent the next nine years fighting for the right to live as a family in their hometown. Their civil rights case, Loving v. Virginia, went all the way to the Supreme Court, which in 1967 reaffirmed the very foundation of the right to marry. Watch the trailer and tell us you're not already anticipating seeing the film in theaters come November.
The Story: Brad Pitt and Marion Cotillard get hot and dramatic in this story of an intelligence officer (Pitt), who in 1942 North Africa encounters a French Resistance fighter (Cotillard) on a deadly mission behind enemy lines. They are reunited in London, but their relationship is threatened by the extreme pressures of the war.


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Q: Por que a versão reduzida do código SHA1 do git tem 7 caracteres por padrão? Estou estudando Git e me deparei com o comando cherry-pick, que recupera um commit específico. O parâmetro passado para esse comando é o código hash gerado para identificar unicamente aquele commit. Porém, nos exemplos da documentação, é utilizada uma versão reduzida desse hash, com apenas 7 caracteres.
Exemplos:
git cherry-pick ae33630

Esse exemplo acima é a versão reduzida do hash completo, que seria: ae33630626ac157ea7573233114b560d93f509e0
Dessa forma, gostaria de saber qual o motivo do Git aceitar como parâmetro uma versão reduzida do hash e por que especificamente serem 7 caracteres.
Além disso, surge mais uma dúvida: sendo uma versão reduzida, não poderiam acontecer colisões de hashs diferentes que iniciam com os mesmos caracteres?

A: O Git contêm uma infinidade de comandos e fluxos de trabalho do dia-a-dia que você utiliza para gerenciar ou manter o controle de código-fonte de um repositório Git. Com tais comando você será capaz de realizar tarefas básicas de rastreamento e comprometimento de arquivos.
Além de tudo isso o Git contêm ferramentas para seleção de revisão, onde você será capaz de explorar uma série de coisas muito poderosas que a Git pode fazer. Não são ferramentas que usará necessariamente no dia-a-dia, mas que você pode precisar em algum momento. E uma delas é o Short SHA-1.
Refente a pergunta: Não poderiam acontecer colisões de hashs diferentes que iniciam com os mesmos caracteres?
O Git é inteligente o suficiente para descobrir o que você pretende digitar se você fornecer os primeiros caracteres da hash, desde que seu SHA-1 parcial tenha pelo menos quatro caracteres e não seja ambíguo, ou seja, apenas uma hash no repositório atual que comece com o SHA-1 parcial.
O Git pode descobrir uma abreviatura curta e única para seus valores SHA-1 através do comando --abbrev-commit para o comando git log. A saída será hash mais curtos, mas únicos. O padrão do Git usa sete caracteres, mas podem ser mais longos ou curtos, se necessário, desde que seja mantido o SHA-1 inequívoco e, geralmente, oito a dez caracteres são mais do que suficientes para serem únicos dentro de um projeto. Por exemplo:
$ git log --abbrev-commit --pretty=oneline
ca82a6d changed the version number
085bb3b removed unnecessary test code
a11bef0 first commit

Obs.: O comando --abbrev-commit faz com que, ao invés de mostrar o hash completo de confirmação hexadecimal de 40 bytes, mostre apenas um prefixo parcial. O número padrão de dígitos pode ser especificado com --abbrev = <n> (que também modifica a saída do diff, se é exibido). Acrescente --pretty = oneline para a saída da informação se tronar muito mais legível para pessoas que usam terminais de 80 colunas.
Mas como eu faço para obter facilmente o SHA curto ou completo para qualquer commit no histórico do seu ramo atual, útil para reverter e compartilhar estados de código específicos com outros.
Você pode utilizar o comando: git rev-list --max-count=1 --abbrev-commit --skip=# e ganhar câimbras no dedos, OU instalar o Githash
Explicação do comando

*

*rev-list: obter SHA para qualquer commit no histórico do seu ramo atual

*--max-count=n: Limita o número de commits na saída.

*--skip=n: O número de falha confirma antes de começar a mostrar a saída de confirmação.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Q: Unable to display BLOB image with Data URI I have a jpg image stored in MySql Database table in the column with the data type as BLOB that part of the php code works fine.
I am trying to display that image using the below php code but it would not work. I see a small icon on the screen which is definitely not the image ?  what's wrong any help?
1) Read the image php file
   <?php
    header("Content-Type: image/jpg");
    $db=mysqli_connect("localhost","root","root123","deal_bank","3306");

    if (mysqli_connect_errno())
      {
            echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . mysqli_connect_error();
      }

    mysqli_select_db($db,"deal_bank");

    $sql = "SELECT * FROM image";
    $sth = $db->query($sql);
    $result=mysqli_fetch_array($sth);
    echo '';

    ?>

2) Upload the file into the MySql Database
<?php

$con=mysqli_connect("localhost","root","root123","deal_bank","3306");

if (mysqli_connect_errno())
  {
        echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . mysqli_connect_error();
  }

mysqli_select_db($con,"deal_bank");

$allowedExts = array("gif", "jpeg", "jpg", "png");
$temp = explode(".", $_FILES["file"]["name"]);
$extension = end($temp);

if ((($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/gif")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/jpeg")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/jpg")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/pjpeg")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/x-png")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/png"))
&& ($_FILES["file"]["size"] > 20000)
&& in_array($extension, $allowedExts)) {
  if ($_FILES["file"]["error"] > 0) {
    echo "Return Code: " . $_FILES["file"]["error"] . "
";
  } else {
    echo "Upload: " . $_FILES["file"]["name"] . "
";
    echo "Type: " . $_FILES["file"]["type"] . "
";
    echo "Size: " . ($_FILES["file"]["size"] / 1024) . " kB
";
    echo "Temp file: " . $_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"] . "
";
    if (file_exists("upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"])) {
      echo $_FILES["file"]["name"] . " already exists. ";
    } else {

    $stmt = $con->prepare('INSERT INTO image (image) VALUES (?)');

$null = null;
$stmt->bind_param('b', $null);
$stmt->send_long_data(0, file_get_contents($_FILES['file']['tmp_name']));

$stmt->execute();

      move_uploaded_file($_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"],
      "upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"]);
      echo "Stored in: " . "upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"];

     // $image = addslashes(file_get_contents($_FILE['file']['tmp_name']));
      //mysqli_query($con,"INSERT INTO image (image) VALUES ('{$image}') ");

    }
  }
} else {
  echo "Invalid file";
}

?>

A: I replaced

header("Content-Type: image/jpg");

with

ob_start( );

it now works fine i am not sure what was the problem before ?


RM 7 Zoning! 2689 Duke is also For sale. Attn: Builders, Developers and Investors, Hot Norquay neighborhood. 2 lots together with 2683 Duke will be able to build 4 HUGE townhomes or 8 stack townhomes. Lots of New developments in the neighborhood. Super convenient location with easy access to 29th Ave Skytrain station, Park and John Norquay Elementary School (with Mandarin Immersion) nearby, Kingsway resto and shops.


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Hagia Irene explained
by EimaPosted in Blog
On December 15, 2018, I wrote a post titled "What Really Drives me Inside" and I want to tell a little bit more about Hagia Irene in order to explain why I believe that this architecture has a universal value. I suggest to show you the architectural features at first, then to transpose life into this building and imagine the way builders and architects may have conceived it. Lastly, I will explain the impact of this act of conception into humanity, how something may have born with it that changed the way we perceive our modern societies.
To understand the importance of Hagia Irene, you need to imagine the first human beings living in a cave and waiting in the cold for the return of Summer. The Sun rises and there is a zenith where it seams to stay and watch. Then the Sun walks away to return after the night. There are days when the sky is covered with rain and days when birds are passing through. The hunters and gatherers were the first humans, watching every single moment for prays to rise from the sprouts of heaven. There were times for abundance and times for famine and the sky would tell when death is close.
Christmas is the first and the last day of the year, the beginning and the end, the time when nature will renew into a cycle of seasons. First the days will get longer, then in Spring they get warmer. Rain and sun will bring flowers and with them the abundance of fauna. Then flowers will grow their heart into a beautiful fruit and the seeds will propagate their bones on Earth. All this energy will exhaust Nature and it will come a dawn to rest when the leaves fall down like a cloth to turn the trees into a night. The roots stay warm and slowly recover from the effort of growing all their energy out. Soon, Christmas will wake them up again.
This cycle of the light increasing and decreasing on Earth is called the perihelion in Winter when the days start to increase and the aphelion in Summer when they start to decrease. Each cycle in geometry finds a parallel with Pi when 1 Pi draws half the circle and the other half of Pi closes it. The 2Pi are found in The Name of God as a way to explain the cycle of life, and the endless regeneration with no beginning and no end.
One of the name of God is called the Tetragrammaton, what in Greek means the four letters. Each of these letters have a meaning in Hebrew but their universal value comes from their geometrical meaning with alternatively Pi 7 Pi 7.
Pi and the seven units were found in the design of the pyramid of Cheops and we can trace with most certainty its origin in 2580 – 2560 BC. The first historical mention of the Tetragrammaton is dated 840 BC on the Mesha Stele of Jordan. Akhenaton and Moses lived during the 14th century BC and it is believed that their stories may be related (See my post here). The Tetragrammaton have been explained with the Ark of the Covenant which I believe is the geometrical heritage from Cheops through Akhenaton. This geometrical heritage that synthesizes the light in Pi was the origin of monotheism. As Plato said, everything is number and monotheism lays in numbers.
The geometry developed in Egypt was a global achievement of thousand years observations of Earth, of the seasons and the Sun and from these observations, ancient priests had explored everything they may know about life and death. In architecture, life and death is a passage, or what Aldous Huxley would call the doors – "There are things known and things unknown, and in between are the doors". The symbol of the cross is the key of one of those doors between the known and the unknown.
Have you ever watched the eyes of a cat? They are like the doors to the unknown, something that brings to the spirit in behind the iris of the eye. The half dome of Hagia Irene is like an eye with the key hole inside and the cross symbolizes a geometry of Pi with an axe of time between the rise and the decline, the beginning and the end, the death and the life and more importantly, the rebirth, the resurrection.
Hagia Irene is at the junction between Europe and Asia and the influence of Constantinople has reached China. In ancient Chinese Shang numerals, the Pi symbol means 6, the cross means 7, the number 8 is represented with two half circles. We find many parallels between the Egyptian geometry of Pi and Taoism in China. The origin of Taoism may also find roots in the Hongshan culture dated 4700 to 2900 BC. The Hongshan culture belongs to the "Transeurasian" linguistic context . The Hongshan culture is famous for its jade circles and the allegory of the Sun represented with the dragon that we still find in Chinese culture. The color of Jade is also a feature of the architecture of Constantinople where the green emerald and green marbles cover the walls with mosaics.
The Hongshan culture associates the circle with the dragon as an allegory of the Sun. The Hongshan circle in Chinese is called Bi (like Pi with a nasal consonance). In Hagia Irene, the dome is a 3D representation of half the circle with the cross to symbolize the cycles of life, the thin passage between life and death that lays between the day and the night, the aphelion and the perihelion. The Christ Mas celebrates this transition into a resurrection of the light.
In the synagogue of Beit Alpha in Israel, the main area is divided in three panels. At the entrance is the binding of Isaac showing the hand of God that commands Abraham to not sacrifice his son. Above is the zodiac wheel with the four seasons at the corners. In the center of the zodiac wheel is the Greek God Helios with the radiate crown and the quadriga. The last panel on the upper part is the temple of Salomon with two menorahs and gardens. Above the temple of Salomon are few steps that bring to the bimah (or bema in Greek) with the benches right inside the apse. In Hagia Irene, the nave is also terminated with the apse in which we can see the cross. The synagogue of Beit Alpha and the basilica of San Vitale in Ravenna have both two aisle on each side of the nave.
In Hagia Irene, the center part of the nave is covered with a dome what finds a parallel with the zodiac wheel in the synagogue of Beit Alpha. Despite the many similarities with the synagogue of Beit Alpha, Hagia Irene is a basilica.
The apse is oriented to the East where the sun rises. It is composed of a synthronon, 3 semicircular-headed windows and the cross inside the semi-dome. This juxtaposition of elements defines a scenography where "actors" in religious costumes will play a scene. The bishop usually symbolizes the sacrifice of Christ (the decline of the light) and his glory (the resurrection of the light). The hierarchy of the clergy represent the Christ among his disciples. Behind the "actors" who play the biblical scene and below the benches, there is a corridor from where a prompter can whisper the interpretation of scripture.
Hagia Irene is a "basilica", so as to say, the place of a "basileus" from the Greek term basileus, Βασιλεύς, "king" and the Latin word basilica derives from the Greek "basilikè stoá", the "royal stoa", the "walkway", originally referring to the tribunal chamber of a king. So what are the actors playing? The Hebrew history, the Latin history or the Greek one?
Maybe the actors were not playing history. Instead, they were making history by educating the people on the right and the wrong through public hearings where a defendant would appear in front of the court that would arbitrate and judge in the name of God (and mostly the king). Considering that Hagia Irene is close to the harbor, at the cross roads between Europe and Asia and under the influence of Greece, Egypt, Mesopotamia and maybe merchants coming from as far as India and China, the tribunal chamber became more than a court. It became a philosophical oratorium where a court would debate, expose and explain what may legislate in the law as far as the trades may go. With the apostles, the law was widespread around the Mediterranean and the Black Seas (see my post on the geography of the apostles).
In San Apollinare Nuovo in Ravenna, the Cross is made with mosaics similar to Hagia Irene. The cross is outlined in black with a gold ground. The ends are flared along with having teardrop shapes at the end. The cross stands on a basement of 3 steps. In San Apollinare Nuovo, the cross is inscribed inside a circle and around the circle is the imagery of a garden with sheep and a shepherd. Above the cross is a bearded Jesus (the man of sorrows) with the book of the law. The sheep are walking toward him in a pyramidal ascension.
In the synagogue of Beit Alpha, the temple of Salomon is represented with the same shape as the number 6 in the Shang numerals and it is surrounded by a garden that appears to come from behind the curtains. The temple of Salomon is built with three rows of columns and above the central column is half a circle to symbolize the sun.
You will find on my writing about geometry this similar shape used to define the Egyptian royal cubit, define the North and the solar axes of a building.
In the Forbidden City in China, the Imperial garden is the most secret part of the palace, next to the Kunning Palace. The throne in the Hall of the Supreme Harmony has six pillars covered with gold and dragons in reference to ancient sacred geometry found in Egypt and the Hongshan culture.
In San Vitale of Ravenne, the cross is replaced with a monk on an orb with the letter Z on his dress. The letter Z is the 7th letter of the Greek alphabet. It is also the last letter of the Koine alphabet, the Alexandrian language of the Bible. This letter symbolizes the unity of Egypt with Greece around the Mediterranean sea. The definition of a language, Greek rather than Latin, is the signature of a power, an authority and a scholastic. Here, the Greek Christianity is taking over the Roman Empire. The philosopher is taking over the army. The priest who is entitled with the Koine symbol crowns the king and gives the church. The king is represented as the man and the Church is represented as the woman. She is the purity of the lamb below the green cupola. She is "Theodora", the "Gift of God". She is Esmeralda, the emerald of the cupola and she carries the Graal.
I believe that the stories of Theodora and Abraham are related. Abraham was married to Sarah with who he had a son, Isaac who was the father of Jacob, and the grandfather of the twelve tribes of Israel. Abraham had a first son, Ishmael with Hagar who was bought in Egypt as the slave of Sarah. Ishmael was the patriarch of the Qedarites kingdom and the ancestor of the Arabs. The narrative in the Book of Genesis revolves around the themes of posterity and land. More importantly, God "talks" to Abraham and commands him to take the land of Canaan, then to sacrifice his son Isaac, then to choose a lamb instead.
In the various unions of Abraham, there is a legitimate wife, then a slave and a second wife. Empress Theodora was a slave and dancer who studied in a monastery of Egypt. She was married to Justinian and thus was legitimate. She symbolizes the inheritance from Abraham and with her, the right of the land. The women behind her are depicted with dresses and wigs in the style of the Armana culture. One woman carries a dress with the octogones of the house of Saint Peter (learn more on this other post). Theodora is a symbol of Egypt while Justinian represents the Greco-Roman Empire. They are married with the church in a union that harmonizes the juridical system over Europe, Asia and Africa.
Hagia Irene or Hagia Eirene (Ἁγία Εἰρήνη in Greek) means the Holy Peace. The cross, which is associated with the number 7 also refers to the two rods, the rod of Aaron and the rod of Moses. The apse is elongated like an ark above all the kingdoms and the tablets of stone are written in the law like an architecture designed to vow the soul in allegiance to the mysteries of the light. The shape of the windows are the table of the law itself and they find their origin in Egypt as the law of life and death.
The bull (or the calf) is a representation of the solar energy that breed with the cow, the Hathor goddess and this energy is passing to human toward the milk. The garden is also a representation of this energy passing from nature to the blood through food and medicine. A garden is a source of food, of seeds to regenerate the garden, of plants and medicine, of flowers and bugs, of farm animals. It is a source of life On the Egyptian tablets, numeral and geometric symbols are offered to the God, but this God is not a calf. It is the energy of a calf in a language that has used images and metaphors to express a philosophy. A constant of those tablets are the notion of time during a day, when the Sun defines the metric and the foundations of sacred buildings (read my blog to learn more).
The first Jewish temple was a tent built in the desert by Moses and I believe that the model of this tent was inherited from Ancient Egypt, the kind of tent to capture the light and draw geometries from the light that settle the foundations of sacred buildings. The tent has become the model of the temple of Salomon where the sacred scipture is kept in the labyrinth of knowledge. Synagogues, which are schools, are the thread to enter the labyrinth by learning the sacred symbols. The Hebrew alphabet and the Hebrew words are part of the mysteries.
While the architecture of the first churches is common with the synagogues, San Apollinare Nuovo and San Vitale of Ravenna separate from Hagia Irene. The iconoclast representations open the tribunal chamber to a new concept that establishes European aristocraties, European feudalism and a political power of the church that will separate the people in different classes where one religion becomes a fable. Jesus, Mary and the Saints become the characters of fictitious stories where they embody an anthropomorphic and ethnocentric representation of God through the character of the Emperor. The sense of life is mystified with iconographic popular stories where miracles and sensational actions become the new normal. Christianity is Romanized in Ravenne in what Dante would call later The Divine Comedy.
The architecture of Constantinople shows a unity between the Jewish culture and the Greco Roman culture. This unity will brake with the heritage from Theodora, when Christianity becomes a codification of the law for the privilege of an Empire whose blood is Greco-Roman and Egyptian. Judaism is marginalized into a separate aristocracy whose kingdom has been swallowed by many views and philosophies.
Until now, the philosophy of the calf has remained a mystery while its laws still govern our modern societies. Patriarchy has dominated under the Roman rule and Christianity has legislated the concept with rituals and contracts to make it a law where women change identity with new name, new status, new rights and new family laws that limit their rights on their children, establish their hierarchy and define their role in the society as wife, mothers and widows. The law defines their rights of property and the patrimony of their children. The first son of Abraham born from a slave was deprived of his inheritance on land. The Abrahamique tradition has survived the revolutions and is still in practice in laic and secularist countries where marriage is still a patriarchal custom that defines the rights of legitimate and illegitimate children.
In the light of Hagia Irene I wish you peace despite all the questions that remain and I invite you to read my blog on geometry to understand why the cross is associated with the number 7.
Mapping prime numbers
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All texts and drawings are copyrighted. To quote or to use any text or any drawing, you must ask the authorization to the ADAGP with mentioning my author's name, Eima BLANK.
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New Youtube Channel on geometry
Khéops et le nombre d'or
The Graal
Linceul
The Tree of Diderot
La Nouvelle Coudée Royale
Goniomètre solaire
Les valeurs universelles de la coudée royale
Calcul des proportions en nombre de coudées
La Géométrie de la coudée Royale dans le dessin de Khéops
Kheops et les mesures de la Géométrie
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text:
Showbiz >
Supportive |
RTÉ 2fm's Carl Mullan says 'unbelievable' wife forced him to do DWTS
He credits his wife Aisling, whom he married in April last year, with helping him balance his hectic schedule.
Carl Mullan and Emily Barker on Dancing With the Stars
Neasa CumiskeySunday World
RTÉ star Carl Mullan has sung his wife's praises for supporting him throughout his Dancing With the Stars journey.
The Dubliner co-hosts the RTÉ 2fm breakfast show with Doireann Garrihy and Donncha O'Callaghan on weekday mornings before heading straight to dance rehearsals.
He credits his wife Aisling, whom he married in April last year, with helping him balance his hectic schedule and said she's his biggest cheerleader.
"She has really just been unbelievable. When I found out I was doing this, I had known people who had done it before so I asked them about it and they were like, 'it's a huge time commitment'," he told VIP Magazine.
"I kind of said, 'Ais, I'm after getting asked if I want to do DWTS' and I hadn't even finished the sentence when she was like 'you better do it!'"
"She was like whatever we need to do as a family to make this happen, we'll make it happen. She's been absolutely class".
Carl and his pro partner Emily Barker found themselves in the bottom three on Sunday night alongside Leah O'Rourke and Shane Byrne.
The 33-year-old revealed he feared he would be "booted" off, especially because he had been working so hard.
"At the start of the week, I said to Emily, right I need to hype myself up for the week from hell because it was Samba and I was told it was the hardest dance but I actually really enjoyed this week.
2FM's Carl Mullan thought it was a joke when he was asked to be on Dancing With The Stars
RTÉ trio Doireann Garrihy, Donncha O'Callaghan and Carl Mullan to star in hidden camera show
Suzanne Jackson an 'emotional wreck' after 'embarrassing' DWTS mistake
"It would be awful to look back and think to yourself I should have enjoyed that more, so we kind of just tried to enjoy it as much as possible.
"When you get into rehearsals and start exercising, the endorphins get going, it's a great feeling, and I'm loving that part," he added.
Thankfully, Carl survived another week as Derry Girls star Leah was sent packing.
Teasing what's to come as part of this week's Movies theme, he said: "For the first time, we're doing lifts."
Dancing with the Stars continues on RTÉ One on Sunday at 6.30pm.
More Irish Showbiz
Three's Company | Who are Una Healy's 'throuple' partners David Haye and Sian Osborne?
moving john | 2 Johnnies star met his influencer girlfriend online after catfish ordeal
Loving life | Muireann O'Connell opens up about getting married, turning 40 and the 'baby issue'
'My worst' | Six O'Clock Show host Karen Koster describes shock death of mum as 'completely brutal'
'Emotional' | Conor Murray's influencer fiancée Joanna Cooper opens up on mum's dementia diagnosis


The conservation of key wetlands for migratory waterbirds, such as by designation as 'Ramsar Sites' [link] under the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands or as 'Flyway Network Sites' [link] under the East Asian – Australasian Flyway Partnership, can play an important role in climate change mitigation and adaptation.
Each year, about 50 million waterbirds, such as cranes, ducks and shorebirds, migrate along the East Asian – Australasian Flyway (EAAF), between their breeding sites from as far north as Alaska and the Russian Far East, to their non-breeding sites as far south as Australia and New Zealand.
These migratory waterbirds depend upon a series of habitats, often wetlands, to breed, to stop over for rest and refuel during migration, or to stay during the non-breeding season. The conservation of these migratory waterbirds therefore depends on the conservation and sustainable use of these wetland habitats that they depend upon, that includes coastal ecosystems (e.g. tidal-flats, mangroves), floodplains, lakes and marshes, as well as peatlands.
Unfortunately, many of the key wetlands used by migratory waterbirds in the EAAF have been reclaimed or degraded in recent decades due to raid economic development. For example, 28% of the tidal flats round the Yellow Sea that existed in the 1980s, had disappeared by the late 2000s (Murray et al. 2014) mainly due to reclamation.
These wetlands that have been lost are important not only for migratory waterbirds but also, provide a range of essential services for people (e.g. water, livelihood, flood control) and the environment (e.g. nutrient cycling).
Many of the coastal wetland ecosystems that many migratory waterbirds depend upon play an important role in carbon sequestration (the process of removing carbon from the atmosphere and depositing it in a reservoir) and therefore, climate change mitigation. Data shows that these "blue carbon' ecosystems can store more carbon than tropical rainforests. It has been estimated that oceanic mangrove forests may store 2.8 time more carbon than tropical forests [link]. An example is the Olango Island Ramsar Site and EAAFP Flyway Network Site. Many of the high latitude peatlands where migratory waterbirds breed also play an important role in carbon storage, such as the Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge (Alaska).
Conservation of wetland habitat for migratory waterbird also play a role in climate change adaptation. The coastal mangroves that are important for carbon storage, are also important in reducing shoreline erosion from sea level rise and buffering the impacts from storms surges. Inland wetlands, such as the commercial fishponds in the Deep Bay wetlands (Hong Kong, China), which are included in the Ramsar Site and EAAFP Flyway Site Network, are an important habitat for waterbirds, especially in the winter when they are drained down for harvesting and can also store up to 25% of the annual rainfall. They therefore help to reduce the impact from flooding due to typhoons and sudden heavy rainfall.
The conservation of migratory waterbirds through the designation of areas such as Ramsar Sites and Flyway Network Sites can therefore also indirectly support efforts against climate change!
Further reading about the impact of climate change to migratory shorebirds, click [here], and more about the importance of wetlands to mitigate climate change, click [here].


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The 50 Finest FPS Video games Ever
Posted November 7, 2018 August 26, 2019 Kimberly
Large Multiplayer On-line First-Person Shooter (MMOFPS), is a style of large multiplayer on-line games and a mix of MMOG and first-individual shooters. That is what probably the most ubiquitous genre of video video games are colloquially called. One of many issues that made Doom so fascinating was that its creatures lived in a simulated ecosystem and interacted with one another in addition to the player.
And if combating other players appears a bit too scary, TF2's had a co-op mode added during which you and 4 others battle off hordes of AI-controlled robots. With the mainframe, they might offload this work to a central machine that will coordinate all moves and broadcast them to all gamers.
Some games are designed particularly for multiplayer gaming, and have very restricted single player modes by which the participant competes against sport-controlled characters termed "bots". Such was its affect that earlier than 'FPS' turned an accepted term, many in the improvement community used 'Doom clone' as shorthand for any first-individual game involving gunplay.
What else ought to I be enjoying if I like this: Critical Sam if you need another FPS that doesn't take itself in any respect significantly (apart from on the matter of taking pictures, in fact), or there's Sega's The Membership for a fairly extra sober tackle shooter-as-score-assault.
Greatest First Person Shooter (FPS) Video games Of All Time
Deep-learning algorithms have already mastered games like Starcraft to beat humans, and now they've proven they'll group up to beat us too. The next year, id Software program put out a free demo version of an analogous recreation, Wolfenstein THREE-D, through which players fought off Nazi mutants and a cyborg Hitler. Marine Doom was never formally adopted as a training instrument, but paved the way in which for propaganda video games equivalent to the popular Unreal Engine shooter America's Army.
One possible motive is the rise of fantasy-themed MMORPGs, although it may be expected that this could solely influence the lack of multi-player fantasy-themed FPSs, not the one-player model as effectively. New to Modern Fight 5 is a PvP multiplayer mode that has five game modes: Free for all, VIP, Squad battle, Capture the flag, Zone control, and Group battle.
Like other versions of the Halo sequence, Halo three is a primary person taking pictures sport. All of the Macintosh video games, aside from the four solely out there for it, Pathways into Darkness (Bungie Software, 1993), Sensory Overload (Actuality Bites, 1994), Marathon (Bungie Software, 1994) and Marathon Infinity (Bungie Software program, 1996), can be found on the COMPUTER. The Amiga contributes solely 3.2 p.c of the entire – although curiously a excessive proportion of them had been solely ever available on that platform (12 out of 18).
finestgamesvideo
⟵Tattoos (Body Art)
The Top 10 Sports Video Games Of All Time⟶


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CannabisNewsBreaks – Supreme Cannabis Company Inc. (TSX: FIRE) (OTCQX: SPRWF) (FRA: 53S1) Provides Update on Infrastructure that Serves Dedicated Functions from Seed to Sale
Supreme Cannabis Company (TSX: FIRE) (OTCQX: SPRWF) (FRA: 53S1) today provided an operational update on its focused infrastructure that serves dedicated functions from seed to sale. Per the update, the company leased its manufacturing, processing and packaging facility located in Kitchener, Ontario ("Supreme Cannabis Kitchener") in response to internal requirements and foreseeable market demand. Supreme Cannabis Kitchener will function as a central manufacturing, processing and packaging facility for Supreme Cannabis brands and, once complete, a location where the company intends to package, distribute and brand third-party cannabis inputs from quality-focused cultivators. "With Supreme Cannabis Kitchener, we add the infrastructure to centralize internal processing and manufacturing and the ability to act as a packaging, manufacturing and distribution partner for third-party producers," Supreme Cannabis CEO Navdeep Dhaliwal said in the news release. "Centralizing this increasingly important function in the value chain will create manufacturing, packaging and distribution synergies across our brands and allow for our existing operating assets to maintain a focus on their core capabilities. With this manufacturing center of excellence, we gain the flexibility to respond to market trends such as working with third-party cannabis cultivators and long-term optionality to move into additional cannabis 2.0 product categories."
To view the full press release, visit http://cnw.fm/m8LwQ
About Supreme Cannabis Company
The Supreme Cannabis Company, Inc., is a global diversified portfolio of distinct cannabis companies, products and brands. Since 2014, the company has emerged as one of the world's fastest-growing, premium plant driven-lifestyle companies by effectively deploying capital, with an emphasis on disciplined growth and high-quality products. Supreme Cannabis' portfolio includes 7ACRES, its wholly-owned subsidiary and multi-award-winning brand; Blissco, a wellness cannabis brand and a multi-licensed processor and distributor based in British Columbia; Truverra Inc., a global medicinal cannabis brand and licensed cultivator; Cambium Plant Sciences, a plant genetics and cultivation IP company; Medigrow Lesotho, an cannabis oil producer located in southern Africa; Supreme Heights, an investment platform focused on CBD brands in the UK and Europe and a brand partnership and licensing deal with Khalifa Kush Enterprises Canada. Supreme trades as FIRE on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX: FIRE), SPRWF on the OTC Exchange in the United States (OTCQX: SPRWF) and 53S1 on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange (FRA: 53S1). Follow the company on Instagram, Twitter, Facebook and YouTube. For more information, visit the company's website at www.Supreme.ca.
NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to SPRWF are available in the company's newsroom at http://cnw.fm/FIRE
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A leading provider of postnatal physiotherapy in Stockport.
Our women's health physiotherapist offers specialist postnatal physiotherapy expertise for issues such as abdominal weakness, incontinence, or discomfort after a tear or episiotomy.
Our physiotherapy team are also experts in helping women with postnatal pelvic, back and hip pain. Neck and shoulder pain related to breast feeding, lifting and carrying children and helping mother's return to their pre-pregnancy fitness.
Whether you gave birth recently or became a mum some months – or years – ago, these issues do not need to become part of life – specialist physiotherapy could help. A medical referral is not required, and we can quickly and easily schedule an appointment for you for an initial consultation.
If you would like to find out more about how our specialist postnatal physiotherapy could help you, please call us on 0161 426 0100 or email enquiries@marplephysio.com and one of our physiotherapy team will be happy to discuss your needs and offer further advice, without obligation.
Our highly experienced practitioners offer a range of specialist and effective, evidence-based treatment options such as physiotherapy designed to encourage your abdomen to 'knit' back together. We will also provide you with the skills and knowledge necessary to administer your own perineal scar massage for the recovery of tears or episiotomy experienced during childbirth.
At Marple Physio, we are also able to offer our clients specialist antenatal and postnatal physiotherapy-led Pilates as an effective and safe way of exercising during pregnancy, helping regain core strength after pregnancy and childbirth, and as a relaxing way of relieving back and neck pain.
A leading provider of continence physiotherapy in Stockport.
Our women's health physiotherapy also offers specialist continence physiotherapy for the prevention and management of urinary incontinence or pelvic floor dysfunction.
Although these conditions can often occur following pregnancy and childbirth, a loss of bladder control can also happen to anyone as a culmination of constipation, heavy lifting, obesity, high impact sports, ageing, menopause, genetics or pelvic surgery.
Stress Urinary Incontinence – can include leak on coughing, laughing, bending, lifting, sneezing, running, jumping.
Urge Incontinence – having to rush to the toilet and leaking on the way, leak on urge or as sitting to empty your bladder.
Urge – frequently needing to empty your bladder (very often), always looking out for a toilet.
Prolapse – positioning of prolapse and bladder, weakness within the pelvic floor muscle.
Although relatively common, with approximately 1 in 3 women reporting symptoms of urinary incontinence or pelvic floor dysfunction, only 25% may seek or receive treatment. Loss of bladder control does not need to be tolerated or suffered, as specialist continence physiotherapy can usually help. A medical referral is not required, and we can book you in for an initial consultation quickly and easily.
If you would like to know more about how our specialist continence physiotherapy could help you, please call us on 0161 426 0100 or email enquiries@marplephysio.com and one of our specialist physiotherapy team will be happy to discuss your needs and offer further advice, without obligation.
Our specialist physiotherapists can equip you with the knowledge, skills and support necessary to manage, treat and often completely resolve continence problems. Research shows that with the right input, 80% of patients with Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI) can expect a complete resolution of symptoms, so there is really no need to suffer in silence.
During your initial appointment you will be able to discuss your difficulties and the results you would like to achieve with one of our specialist continence physiotherapists. The physiotherapist will also provide a vaginal examination to assess your pelvic floor and to ensure you are comfortably able to perform exercises before discussing your own individual, customised exercise programme.
Locate and effectively strengthen your pelvic floor muscles.
Retrain your bladder for urge.
Use bracing techniques called the KNACK to give support during activities where you would perhaps leak/lose urine.
Once you are feeling fully confident and comfortable in completing the exercises, they can usually be continued independently at home without the need for long term clinic intervention or visits.
We also offer our clients specialist physiotherapy-led Pilates, as a gentle and effective method of stretching and strengthening core muscles involved in continence. Your specialist physiotherapist would be happy to discuss the potential benefits of this complementary therapy with you during your treatment.
Initial consultation appointments are 45 minutes and we would request you wear comfortable, loose clothing for the purposes of the assessment by the physiotherapist.
Throughout your specialist postnatal or continence physiotherapy treatment, we will always work closely with our wider physiotherapy team and will refer you for further medical consultation, if required.
If you are unsure whether our specialist women's physiotherapy services could help you, please call us on 0161 426 0100 or email enquiries@marplephysio.com and Tamla will be happy to discuss your needs and offer her advice, without obligation.


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Bulgaria's Ex Tsar Rises in Defense of Belene NPP Project
Business » ENERGY | September 12, 2012, Wednesday // 13:34
Bulgaria's last three PMs presented as Russian matryoshka dolls - the difference being that unlike Belene NPP proponents Saxe-Coburg (middle doll) and Stanishev (right doll), Borisov (left) terminated the Belene NPP project. Photo by BGNES
Simeon Saxe-Coburg, Bulgaria's ex Tsar (in 1943-1946) and ex Prime Minister (in 2001-2005) has issued a statement defending the project for the construction of the 2000 MW Belene Nuclear Power Plant, which was terminated in March 2012 by the Borisov Cabinet.
According to Saxe-Coburg, the last few months have seen "the extreme politicizing of a topic that is strategic for out country connected with our capacity to build a vision for our development for many years to come".
"The construction of the Belene NPP is an extremely important matter for our energy and it is normal for it to have political dimensions but its turning into an instrument for the strengthening of party lines or election preparation is absurd to say the least. The long term development of energy in Bulgaria must be a common goal for all parties," the ex Prime Minister who revived the project back in 2002 stated Wednesday on his website.
"I am among the people who are convinced that in 20 years we will be sorry that we missed the chance to be energy independent, and did not take advantage of an energy source that is among the most environment-friendly one... The price of this energy is lower, it returns the investment quickly. It is already clear even to non-experts, that in 2050 Europe and the world will undergo a serious energy deficit," Saxe-Coburg argued.
The ex Tsar, whose own political party – National Movement for Stability and Prosperity – was in Bulgaria's coalition governments between 2001 and 2009 – recognized the difficulties before the completion of the Belene project – especially finding sufficient funding.
"It is a matter of being foresighted instead of changing the strategic decisions of every government. Many countries were resurrected economically on their own without having anybody pulling them from the outside, or dictating their development. What is more, how many other considerable economic project does Bulgaria have in order to do away with such an important one that has already taken in a BGN 1.3 B investment?" Saxe-Coburg asked.
"My government's decision to continue the construction of the NPP in 2002 was not a whim," he argued, adding that he personally visited the construction site in the Danube town of Belene only to find out two important things – that the Bulgarian state had invested massively in it since the project was conceived in 1981, and that it was in a remarkably good condition even though the construction was terminated between 1993 and 2002.
Saxe-Coburg further went for an outright criticism of the Cabinet of the GERB party and Prime Minister Boyko Borisov – who served as the Chief Secretary of the Interior Ministry in the Saxe Coburg government – by slamming their proposal to build a natural gas-powered thermal plant on the site of the Belene NPP.
"You don't need to be a great specialist in order to realize that using the construction site for any other purpose is insane, and, most of all, a most irresponsible squandering of enormous amounts of money," the ex Tsar said.
Saxe-Coburg pointed out that Bulgaria's neighbors are already getting way ahead in terms of their own nuclear energy, with Romania already having launched the first two reactors of the Cerna Voda NPP in 1996 and 2007, and the EU having approved the construction of two more reactors there scheduled to be turned on in 2017; at the same time, another of Bulgaria's neighbors, Turkey, is also building a nuclear power plant, with other Balkan states such as Albania and Croatia coming up with projects of their own.
"The claims that we don't need Belene because there is nobody to consume the energy it will produce are unfounded, and if not malicious towards our country, at least na?ve. When we took the decision to revive the NPP, Bulgaria's economy was growing at 5-6% per year. If this trend had been preserved, we could expect a deficit of energy in the region," Saxe-Coburg said.
"The only thing that nobody can't predict for sure today is whether by the time we build the Belene NPP, we won't be needing even more energy. One of the actual possibilities was to export electricity to Italy which still regrets the decision to remain without nuclear energy. Do you think Romania would be building the Cerna Voda NPP if there was not going to be a market for energy in the future," he added.
Saxe-Coburg concludes with the expectation for an upcoming referendum on the construction of the Belene NPP – which is supposed to be schedule by the Bulgarian Parliament since an initiative of the opposition Bulgarian Socialist Party collected 700 000 signatures in support of a referendum petition – more than the 500 000 signatures required to make such a petition binding.
"In the holding of a referendum we should assess the Belene NPP seriously and responsibly, as a unifying and motivating goal such as [Bulgaria's accession] to NATO and the EU. Without speculations, with more foresightedness, and, of course, without partisanship. People should be well informed and motivated by the nation's interest, and not by the interests of a certain political party," Saxe-Coburg stated.
The contract for the construction of the 2000-MW Belene NPP was signed in 2006 with Russian state company Atomstroyexport, a subsidiary of Rosatom, by the coalition Cabinet of PM Sergey Stanishev.
However, the construction made little congress because of constant price haggling between Bulgaria and Russia, and in 2009 German company RWE, which was supposed to provide EUR 2 B for the project as a strategic investor, pulled out.
The Borisov Cabinet, which took over in 2009, technically continued the search for strategic investors but in March 2012 it announced it was ending the Belene NPP, labeling it "economically unfeasible".
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Tags: Simeon Saxe-Coburg, NPP, Nuclear Power Plant, Belene NPP, NSMP, 2002, Atomstroyexport, Rosatom, Russia, former PM, Tsar, Romania, Cernavoda NPP, turkey, Sergey Stanishev, Boyko Borisov, Prime Minister, TPP, Belene, nuclear energy
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We All Have It... Posture, But What Is Good Posture?
May is National Physiotherapy Month AND Posture Month- coincidence? I think not!
Everyone has a posture, regardless of whether is 'good' or 'bad,' good posture is a subjective term. Clinicians determine if someone has good posture based on normative values. However, good posture is more than just standing tall with your shoulders back and your head held high.
Over time, things affect your posture such as genetics, gravity, previous injuries, chronic immobility, and habits. There is very little we can do about some of these factors, such as gravity and genetics, however do not feel hopeless- there is a lot we can do to combat 'bad' posture! Before we get to that though, let's discuss what good posture is.
Posture is your body's natural resting position at any one moment. "Good" posture is when your position results in minimal stress and exertion to each joint and muscle. "Bad" posture is any position that causes increased stress to a joint or results in the overuse of a muscle. If that stress continues for a long period of time, the result is microtrauma to the area. A long period of microtrauma presents much the same way as a short period of activity resulting in macrotrauma. For example, consider an ankle sprain, which occurs when there is failure of the tissues around the ankle to handle the load placed on them and you are left with an injury to those same tissues. When the injury occurs as a result of the strain of poor posture, we feel it as pain, headaches, or a lack of available movement/flexibility.
People who start to experience these symptoms will often use over-the-counter pain medications. While helpful in reducing the symptoms, often these do not result in a long-term alleviation of the symptoms. This is because our bodies are constantly the trying to adapt to reduce the amount of stress being applied to the various muscles and joints involved. It does this by laying down scar tissue in the muscles or osteophytes (bone spurs) in the joints. This results in sore tight/weak muscles and potentially the beginnings of arthritis.
This should matter to you because the effects of poor posture will come to haunt you at some point, additionally the accumulation of these injuries costs us all. Low back pain and other musculoskeletal conditions account for one-third of missed work time in Canada — second only to the common cold. Also, the majority of doctors visits are due to back pain and headaches. Both which are commonly the result of numerous poor postures sustained throughout the day. These injuries are both preventable and treatable with proper education and the right treatment plan.
The good news is that the stronger or more flexible you are the more that you can combat 'bad' posture. This means that you can be in a less than ideal postural state longer and suffer fewer negative consequences. How do you become stronger and more flexible? This is where a trained therapist can help you. They can help you identify your movement patterns and where you may be lacking in end range mobility and strength in that range. They can then provide you with small easy-to-do exercises to target those areas.
If you are unable to make time to get a proper assessment, then at least make moving a priority, every day, every waking hour! Small movements made throughout the day can have a big impact on your overall bone and muscle health, resulting in increased blood circulation and reduced accumulated stress placed on your joints and muscles allowing them to recover throughout the day, preventing the build up of microtrauma.
Begin a morning routine that focuses on movement- just 10-15 minutes can make a difference. This can be yoga or Controlled Articular Rotations (otherwise known as CARS- Ask us to show you how as we at Choice, have three clinicians certified in this best- evidence movement based protocol*). This will get the blood flowing first thing in the morning and prep your body for the day that lays ahead.
Squeeze your glutes (buttocks) while you are sitting. If you are a long haul truck driver you do not have the option to stand up every 15 minutes, however by performing pelvic tilts, and actively contracting your glutes/buttock muscles you will be giving your tired joints a break and promoting blood flow to an important area! This can be very beneficial if you suffer from sciatic type symptoms.
Hold your cell phone up vs. looking down to read/text. For every inch that your neck is held forward it is an extra 10 lbs of force placed on your neck! On average, looking at your phone puts a person's head forward by 5 inches- that is like having a toddler sitting on your neck!
When you are walking, keep your eyes on where the wall meets the ceiling- this will keep your head held high and naturally put your shoulders in a better position.
Making these tips a habit and on making moving each day a priority will have great positive benefits. The tips above are very easy to do, they do not cost money and take up very little extra time versus the time and money you will spend fixing a posture-related problem.
I'd like to finish off by sharing some words of wisdom that have been shared with me. One of my favourite physiotherapy professors used to say "your best posture is your next posture". This again reiterates my theme throughout this blog post: movement from one position to the next is the best medicine, no posture is truly bad until you stay in it long enough or repeat it enough to cause trauma. Another gem provided to me just recently from a chiropractic colleague of mine is "the things that will change your life are often easy to do, however, they are also easy not to do. It is up to you to decide if you want to do the easy things now to avoid making things difficult later".
Take from that what you will, and if you have any more questions about posture or what you can do to do move better to prevent injuries, contact any one of our clinicians at Choice Health Centre. We take your physical health seriously and it is our mission to help you achieve your overall wellness goals.
To learn more or to book an appointment call Choice Health Centre at 902-404-3668 or an book an assessment online.


When at night I walk barefoot in my sandals across fields of snow at the Austrian border, I shall not flinch, but then, I say to myself, this painful moment must concur with the beauty of my life, I refuse to let this moment and all the others be waste matter; using their suffering, I project myself to the mind's heaven.
—Jean Genet, The Thief's Journal (tr. Bernard Frechtman).


Cannon's Beach Cottages are perfectly located between Keel Beach & the lake and beside the new village playground, shops, bars & restaurants.
You will be at the main centre of water sports, golfing, walking & trekking.
Cannon's Beach Cottages are just a short walk from Achill's longest beach.
Enjoy being right beside the Summer Schools and equipment hire services.
The cottages receive all Irish stations and satellite service.
Park your car and have a real rest.