This 100" left facing Broadbill Swordfish full mount, which we call a two sided wall mount, is extremely realistic, including a custom painted eye (or eyes if you choose backside eye), textured bill and skin texture that we capture during the molding process. Everything that is viewable when up on all the wall is finished. Broadbill Swordfish are targeted throughout the world for their excellent table fare and for their epic battles once hooked. Swordfish were traditionally caught during the night but over the past couple decades a few south Florida captains have perfected the art of daytime swordfishing.
The swordfish shown in the picture above was produced to replicate the way you would see one during the night when they rise to the surface looking for smaller fish to feed on. Swordfish are known for their purple tinted shoulders that can range from dark purple to a bluefish base color with a purple tint. Their flanks can range from a light gold grey color to dark bronze brown. We also have the ability to paint the swordfish in day time swordfish colors which are much more vibrant blue on the shoulders with more of a silvery side. The final step is to apply UV Protectant Urethane clear coat allowing you to decorate indoors or outside.
This size Swordfish replica requires a crate to safely transport from our factory to your home or business location. Feel free to email or give us a call if you would like to obtain a shipping quote prior to ordering. Our crating department is extremely experienced in crate production assuring you of its safe arrival. In the rare instance that something does go wrong during transit from us to you, we will cover all charges on returning the Swordfish full mount and either produce a new replica for you or fix the damage if its possible to do so where no damage is noticeable.


This authentic rare Louis Vuittion monogram Vernis Reade PM is a classic. This color is unique and makes a style statement! This great shape bag features embossed leather with natural cowhide trim. It has nice double flat handles and a zip closure with gorgeous goldtone hardware.
Measurements: (Approx.) 8.9" L x 4.1" W x 7.1" H.


text:
China launches independent, unmanned Mars mission
Posted on July 23, 2020, 9:30 am
WENCHANG: China launched an unmanned probe to Mars on Thursday (Jul 23) in its first independent mission to another planet, a journey coinciding with a similar US mission as the powers take their rivalry into deep space.
The two countries are taking advantage of a period when Earth and Mars are favourably aligned for a short journey, with the US spacecraft due to lift off on Jul 30.
It is a crowded field. The United Arab Emirates launched a probe on Monday that will orbit Mars once it reaches the Red Planet.
But the race to watch is between the United States and China, which has worked furiously to try and match Washington's supremacy in space.
The Chinese mission has been named Tianwen-1 ("Questions to Heaven") in a nod to a classical poem that has verses about the cosmos.
It launched on a Long March 5 – China's biggest space rocket – from the southern island of Hainan.
Tianwen-1 is expected to arrive in February 2021 after a seven-month, 55-million-km voyage.
The mission includes a Mars orbiter, a lander and a rover that will study the planet's soil.
Factfile on China's aim to reach Mars with an orbiter, a lander and a rover. The mission is expected to launch between July 20 and 25. AFP/John SAEKI
"As a first try for China, I don't expect it to do anything significant beyond what the US has already done," said Jonathan McDowell, an astronomer at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.
The United States has already sent four rovers to Mars since the late 1990s.
The next one, Perseverance, is an SUV-sized vehicle that will look for signs of ancient microbial life, and gather rock and soil samples with the goal of bringing them back to Earth on another mission in 2031.
The Chinese mission is similar to NASA's Viking missions in 1975-1976, in that it has both an orbiter and a lander, McDowell said.
Tianwen-1 is "broadly comparable to Viking in its scope and ambition", he added.
After watching the United States and the Soviet Union lead the way during the Cold War, China has poured billions of dollars into its military-led space programme.
"China joining (the Mars race) will change the situation dominated by the US for half a century," said Chen Lan, an independent analyst at GoTaikonauts.com, which specialises in China's space programme.
China has made huge strides in the past decade, sending a human into space in 2003.
The Asian powerhouse has laid the groundwork to assemble a space station by 2022 and gain a permanent foothold in Earth orbit.
China's Tianwen-1 spacecraft launched for Mars aboard a Long March 5 rocket. (Photo: AFP/STR)
China has already sent two rovers to the moon. With the second, China became the first countRead More – Source
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I enjoy all aspects of a project – design, wood selection, construction, and finish. I like the fourth aspect best when it is hard to mess up. And you need to not mess it up because your finish can make or break your project! It's important enough that many professionals send their pieces out for finishing. That leaves the rest of us to do it on our own.
If I'm not at all worried about the durability needed on the top of a dining table or end table, I've been using beeswax and a pollisoir when I can for a pleasant, tactile finish. But when it needs to have a bit more protection, I tend to go with a wiping finish of some sort – usually a varnish, but sometimes a 1lb cut of shellac.
When I have the option, I always go with the glossy version of a finish. It doesn't muddy the figure in the wood and if you don't want it to be glossy in the end, you can rub it out with 0000 steel wool (or the nylon equivalent) to bring it back to a semi-gloss or matte finish. You can never start off with a semi-gloss or matte finish and then try to make it glossy later. Well… you can make the top of it glossy, but you'll have already lost some of the clarity of the final product.
Earlier this year, my best friend turned me on to Amazon's prices for Birchwood Casey Tru-Oil stock finish. I picked up a 32oz bottle for under $20. This is one of those finishes that, if you follow the directions pretty closely, it's hard to screw up. You can apply it with cotton rag or foam brush, you can re-apply after a few hours, and it builds up a protective, glossy finish in no time. Plus, it has a good shelf life, so I'll easily use all 32oz before it goes bad.
If finishing a project has always been a challenge for you, you might consider picking up a bottle of it the next time you need to get some more finish. It's hard to beat for the price.
* As with any oil finish, be aware that it will darken the wood just a bit and that you have to properly dispose of oily rags. Also, I don't make any money from Amazon sales and I didn't receive this finish for free or at any discounted price. Just piping up about a good deal.


McCann-Erickson, based at New Delhi, India has been asked by MasterCard Worldwide to develop SEARCH FOR PRICELESS for their brand MastercardProduct: Credit Card in 2008. This campaign is known in the marketing & communication market for Print, Commercials Archive, Banking, Mastercard Adverts, Financial Services, Credit Cards.
The campaign DHONDUP'S STORY is a Amnesty International advert, born from the union between Leo Burnett India (based at Maharashtra, India) and Amnesty International in 2011. This campaign is known in the marketing & communication market for Commercials Archive, Design, Branding, Charities, Foundations, Volunteers, Human Rights, Amnesty International Adverts.
Leo Burnett India, based at Maharashtra, India has been asked to develop INDIA IN TEN LANGUAGES for their brand Leo BurnettProduct: Gandhiji Font in 2010. This customer case is known in the marketing & communication market for Commercials Archive, Advertising agencies, Design, Branding, Leo Burnett Adverts.
Leo Burnett India, based at Maharashtra, India has been asked to develop A ROMANCE PRINTED ON PERFUME SMELLING STRIPS for their brand JACOMOProduct: JACOME PERFUME in 2010. This customer case is known in the marketing & communication market for Commercials Archive, Outdoor, Perfumes, JACOMO Adverts.
McCann-Erickson, based at New Delhi, India has been asked to develop AMBIENT WASH EYES for their brand WashProduct: Water Supply And Sanitation Collaborative Council in 2007. This customer case is known in the marketing & communication market for Commercials Archive, Outdoor, Energy, Water Utilities, Wash Adverts.
The campaign WE.CYCLE MYSORE is a Vodafone advert, born from the union between Ogilvy & Mather India (based at Maharashtra, India) and Vodafone Group plc in 2013. This customer case is known in the marketing & communication market for Commercials Archive, DM, Mobile Communications, Corporate Image, Information, Vodafone Adverts.


The urban design work of the office takes much inspiration from principles of New Urbanism. Goals of our work include pedestrian focus, making good streets, and developing civic spaces of great quality. We believe streetscapes should be inspired and contain memorable open spaces and dynamic connections to natural open spaces.


text:
Policy: Key Person
In this policy we run through the specifics for our key person programme within the school, looking at some of the systems we have to support key worker mapping across the age groups
Hatching Dragons operates a Primary and Secondary key person system - children are allocated two
Primary Key Persons should have no more than 7 key children at any one time. Should there be strain on staff resources, temporarily this number may be increased to 10 up to and including the time wherein the new resource can be confidently allocated key children and key person responsibility
The primary key person is responsible for undertaking Observations / Assessments and Planning (OAP) for their key child (see policy) and will do so during his / her allocated Non Contact Time (see policy). The secondary can be an apprentice and is there as a back up
Apprentices and junior staff can only be assigned key children after a full and comprehensive induction and training into OAP and managers will ensure that the secondary key person will always be the room leader / senior teacher within his / her room so that they can review observations and assessments prior to publication. Room Leader's non contact time is 2 hrs / week as a result.
It is the managers responsibility to allocate key persons (primary and secondary) during a family's onboarding - they do this via the EY Man Child Profile interface. Once done, managers need to:
Book in the new child's settling in on the Settling In Google Calendar, inviting the parents and key person so that all are aware, attaching any registration form details or parent baseline assessments undertaken in advance
Book in the staffer's non-contact time if not already done on the HR & Staffing calendar and train the key person on OAP
Ensure the child has both primary and secondary Key persons listed as per the above guidance
Ensure that room staff have updated key person lists on their room boards on an ongoing basis.
If it is a new staffer, managers are responsible for allocating key children to their profile and for training the new staff in:
How to use EY Log to review their key children - do they know medical / allergy / dietary needs and have they had the required training to support the child in full (e.g. with complex needs and / or care plans).
What constitutes an effective handover at the end of the day to cover all aspects of their care AND EDUCATION i.e key developmental areas achieved that parents can progress at home - we require accurate and honest feedback to parents to establish partnerships that matter and can provide value for our child's development
How to sign in / out children and mark them as sick or absent and how to communicate with management via Slack for who is off
Key workers are responsible for all aspects of the child's administration for teaching and learning- all planning, observations, learning and developmental tracking and all analysis pertinent to their welfare and safeguarding - accident forms, medication forms etc
Transitions - managers also have to reallocate key workers during transitions - please see the transition policy for more information
Key Person Policy
Hatching Dragons operates a key person system. This means that a nominated member of the staff team will have special responsibility for a particular child. In the case of a key person being on holiday or sickness leave, there will be a named secondary key person to meet the child's individual needs.
Hatching Dragons is a bilingual nursery, therefore the key person will be a native speaker of the child's home language (Mandarin or English) and will be supported by a secondary key worker who will deliver the other language.
The child's key person in partnership with the parent will settle him/her into nursery and will be responsible for meeting his/her direct and indirect needs. The key person will communicate regularly with the parent regarding what the child has been doing while at nursery and also discuss his/her progress, every quarter. Managers maintain key person allocations on the nursery management system the school employs to manage children and staff schedules
As the child moves from one room to another, the key person will change, the framework for which is articulated in our policy on Transitions. The parent will be involved in the transition arrangements, in partnership with the present key person. This will include updating any personal details.
The Key Person
Children thrive from a base of loving and secure relationships. This is normally provided by a child's parents but it can also be provided by a key person. A key person is a named member of staff with responsibilities for a small group of children who helps those children in the group feel safe and cared for. The role is an important one and an approach set out in the EYFS which is working successfully in settings and in Reception classes. It involves the key person in responding sensitively to children's feelings and behaviours and meeting emotional needs by giving reassurance, such as when they are new to a setting or class, and supporting the child's well-being. The key person supports physical needs too, helping with issues like nappy changing, toileting and dressing. That person is a familiar figure who is accessible and available as a point of contact for parents and one who builds relationships with the child and parents or carers.
What Are Key People Responsible for ?
Records of development and care are created and shared by the key person, parents and the child. Small groups foster close bonds between the child and the key person in a way that large groups cannot easily do. These groups allow the key person to better 'tune into' children's play and their conversations to really get to know the children in the group well. Children feel settled and happy and are more confident to explore and as a result become more capable learners. That means the key person will be primarily responsible for the issuance of all EYLog and parent related communications, all diary entries and all observations regarding the child. He / She will also be primarily responsible for arranging the developmental updates parents receive face to face in the nursery.
Why Attachment Matters
What is attachment and why is it important for young children? Attachments are the emotional bonds that young children develop with parents and other carers such as their key person. Children with strong early attachments cry less when separated. They engage in more pretend play and sustain attention for longer. They are less aggressive and are popular with other children and with adults. Their sense of who they are is strong. Children need to be safe in the relationship they have with parents or carers. They are vulnerable but will develop resilience when their physical and psychological well-being is protected by an adult. Being emotionally attached to such an adult helps the child feel secure that the person they depend on is there for them. When children feel safe they are more inclined to try things out and be more independent. They are confident to express their ideas and feelings and feel good about themselves. Attachment influences a child's immediate all-round development and future relationships.


Join the WROR Street team for some pregame fun before the Lowell River Hawks game on January 15th! We will be out in the lobby with fun and music from 6pm until puck drop!
for more information on the Lowell River Hawks, click here!


text:
Ira Lombardía
Void-
This work references Yves Klein's Leap Into the Void (1960), which Lombardía finds to be an apt metaphor for her experience as an artist: looking, experiencing, flying, and falling. In October 1960, Klein hired Harry Shunk and János (Jean) Kender to make a photograph in which Klein "re-created" a jump from a second-floor window that he claimed to have executed earlier that year. This second leap was made from a rooftop in the Paris suburb of Fontenay-aux-Roses. In the resulting image, Klein appears to free fall onto the street below. In reality, however, a group of the artist's friends held a tarpaulin to catch him. To produce this illusion, two negatives — one showing Klein leaping, the other showing the surrounding scene (without the onlookers and tarp) — were merged during printing to create a seamless "documentary" photograph, a precursory method that anticipated Photoshop decades before its development. Klein then created a fake newspaper, Dimanche – Le Journal d'un Seul, to distribute the image to the public at Parisian newsstands. Influenced by Klein, as well as Alan Kaprow's Happenings, the work of Argentinian artist Oscar Masotta, and Yoko Ono's FLUXUS-inspired scores, Lombardía is engaged in questioning the role of the artist, the power of photography, and the transformation of objects into images and vice versa. With Void, she invites visitors to participate in the creative process,orchestrating an experience that encourages the sharing of images through social networks, ultimately blurring the lines between art documentation and self-presentation as powerful modes of representation. Some museums try to regulate photography, and visitors are often not allowed to take photos in the galleries. Here, however, visitors are encouraged to take photos, as their participation is necessary for Void to be fully realized, just as collaboration and social relationships are needed for any creative act. Lombardía explains, "Our challenge now is to explore the new photographic uses that have arisen thanks to digital photography, the internet, and social networks. We cannot ignore the impact that these new practices have on all aspects of our lives, including art. The rules of the game have changed and they are here to stay; as an artist I feel a responsibility to study the past in order to be able to work on the conflicts of the present. The idea of aura or even index is obsolete, and that leaves a theoretical vacuum. For the first time, photography has gained ground over the textual, and images are ahead of theory."
DJ Hellerman
Curator, SCAD Musuem of Art
Site-specific installation
SCAD Musuem of Art
Savannah, GA, USA, 2021
Photo Credits: SCAD Musuem of Art
© 2020 by Ira Lombardía


text:
Latest NewsTechnology
World's largest electric vehicles manufacturer BYD to enter Pakistan
Toyota, BYD to develop electric vehicles with 44 plants around the world.
posted on Dec. 12, 2019 at 12:10 pm December 12, 2019
The Chinese multinational company and the world's largest electric vehicles manufacturer with a turnover of $250 billion, BYD is all set to enter Pakistan.
Pakistan Electric Vehicles & Parts Manufacturers and Traders Association (PEVPMTA) General Secretary Shaukat Qureshi shared this latest development while talking to local media.
Pakistan Auto Show 2020: Largest exhibition of…
PM Khan orders to formulate strategy to combat…
"Toyota, the world auto giant, for the first time signed an agreement on November 7, 2019, to develop Electric Vehicles with BYD, the world's largest electric vehicles manufacturer, with 44 plants around the globe employing 250,000 personals, with a turnover of $250 billion," he said.
"Scenario will definitely change in Pakistan as well, with the Japanese companies roll out their models by 2024," he further added.
Mr. Qureshi also added that the country's auto sector was totally dominated by the Japanese brands, which had yet to come up with a comprehensive response towards EV and its technology. It is pertinent to inform that the Pakistan auto sector is dominated by three Japanese automakers i.e. Suzuki, Toyota, and Honda.
Furthermore, Adviser to Prime Minister on climate change Malik Amin Aslam has said that electric vehicles will initially reduce import bill by US$2 billion per annum. Terming EV 2019 as best policy in the region, he said that the policy, which had been promulgated recently, would provide a cheap mode of transportation, reduction in carbon emission and decrease import bill.
He also added that the government would issue SROs related to EV policy, 2019, shortly in order to commence the process of introducing EV in the country.
Karachi zookeeper attacked by lion says he is doing better now
BTS star Jin may face travel restrictions next year


text:
\section{Introduction}

Graphical calculi enable reasoning about quantum computation in an intuitive yet rigorous way.
Calculi based on string diagrams are more flexible than circuit-style languages, allowing the description of states and measurement projections as well as unitary operations in one unified framework.
Their rigour is ensured by the category-theoretical underpinnings \cite{SelingerCPM}.
The best-known of these graphical languages is the ZX-calculus, which was first introduced 10 years ago \cite{CD1,CD2}.
It is built around the interactions of two complementary bases, the computational basis and the Hadamard basis, which are graphically represented by so-called \emph{spiders}.
A related formalism is the ZW-calculus \cite{hadzihasanovic2017thesis}, which is built around the interactions of generators related to the two different types of three-qubit entangled states: GHZ states and $W$ states.

Here, we introduce a new graphical language called the \textit{ZH-calculus}, which roughly follows this analogy with multipartite entanglement:
\begin{center}
	\textit{ZX-calculus} : \textit{ZH-calculus} ::
	\textit{graph states} : \textit{hypergraph states}
\end{center}
Graph states are the basic resource for the one-way model of measurement-based quantum computation~\cite{MBQC2}, and have been studied extensively using the ZX-calculus~\cite{CD2,DP1,DP2,RossMBQC}.
Hypergraph states were introduced in~\cite{rossi2013hypergraph} as a generalisation of graph states, and have recently gathered some interest due, for example, to the role they play in quantum search algorithms~\cite{HyperGrover}, exponentially-growing Bell violations~\cite{gachechiladze2016extreme}, and universal measurement-based quantum computation~\cite{HyperSPTO}.

Like the ZX- and ZW-calculi, the ZH-calculus includes a family of ``Z-spiders'' associated with the computational basis. However, its point of departure is the inclusion of ``H-boxes'', which are $n$-ary generalisations of the Hadamard gate satisfying a variation of the spider fusion law, much like the one satisfied by $W$-spiders in the ZW-calculus.\footnote{Despite satisfying a similar variation of the spider fusion rule, this generalisation of the Hadamard node is different from that employed in the original version of the Y-calculus \cite[Definition 2 of Version 1]{jeandel2018y-calculus}.} Whereas Hadamard gates are used to introduce edges between 2 vertices in a graph state, H-boxes can introduce hyperedges between $n$ vertices in a hypergraph state. Seen from another perspective, H-boxes are closely related to both $n$-ary AND gates in classical logic and to the Hadamard-CCZ family of quantum circuits.
As a result, Boolean circuits can be encoded in the ZH-calculus with low constant overhead. In particular, the linear maps corresponding to classical AND and NOT gates can be depicted as follows in terms of the ZH calculus:
\ctikzfig{logic}
While the unitary NOT gate has a simple expression in the ZX-calculus, a typical encoding of an AND gate requires $25$ basic generators and non-Clifford phases (cf.~\cite{CKbook}, \S12.1.3.1).
Similarly, multiply-controlled phase gates also have very succinct representations, indicating that the ZH-calculus may be useful for analysing Hadamard-CCZ circuits (a.k.a. Hadamard-Toffoli circuits~\cite{ShiToffoli,aharonov2003hadamardtoffoli}, cf. forthcoming~\cite{Niel2018} for connection to ZH), as well as diagonal operators at any level of the Clifford hierarchy~\cite{DiagHierarchy}.

Our main theorem is the ZH-calculus is complete with respect to its standard interpretation as matrices. That is, if two ZH-diagrams describe the same matrices, then they are provably equal using the rules of the ZH-calculus. Perhaps one of the most appealing features of the calculus is the simplicity of this completeness proof. The core of the proof (section~\ref{s:completeness}) fits on 4 pages, where only especially intricate lemmas---which appear in Appendix~\ref{sec:disconnect}---were done within the proof assistant Quantomatic~\cite{quanto-cade}. This is due to two main factors. The first is the extensive use of \textit{!-box notation}~\cite{kissinger2014pattern}, which gives an elegant way to reason about diagrams which have arbitrarily-large fan-out-type behaviour. The second is a unique normal form for the ZH-calculus, which expresses any matrix as a Schur product -- i.e.\ entrywise product -- of elementary matrices with the property that all but one entry of each matrix is 1.
This multiplicative construction contrasts with the additive construction of the normal form in the ZW-calculus \cite{hadzihasanovic2017thesis}, which arises as a sum of elementary matrices with the property that all but one entry of each matrix is 0.
For example the normal form of the diagram corresponding to the matrix $\left(\begin{smallmatrix}a&b\\c&d\end{smallmatrix}\right)$ is effectively constructed as follows, where the left-hand side represents the approach in the ZH-calculus with $*$ denoting entrywise multiplication, and the right-hand side represents the approach in the ZW-calculus:
\[
 \begin{pmatrix}a&1\\1&1\end{pmatrix} * \begin{pmatrix}1&b\\1&1\end{pmatrix} * \begin{pmatrix}1&1\\c&1\end{pmatrix} * \begin{pmatrix}1&1\\1&d\end{pmatrix}
 = \begin{pmatrix}a&b\\c&d\end{pmatrix}
 = \begin{pmatrix}a&0\\0&0\end{pmatrix} + \begin{pmatrix}0&b\\0&0\end{pmatrix} + \begin{pmatrix}0&0\\c&0\end{pmatrix} + \begin{pmatrix}0&0\\0&d\end{pmatrix}.
\]
Unlike the completeness proofs for universal versions of the ZX-calculus \cite{LoriaCompleteness,OxfordCompleteness}, which make use of the ZW-completeness proof via suitable translations between the two respective languages, our proofs of soundness, completeness, and universality are self-contained and don't rely on encoding into another calculus.

The paper is structured as follows. The generators and relations of the ZH-calculus are introduced in Section~\ref{s:ZH-dfn} and the calculus is proved to be universal and sound. The completeness proof is given in Section~\ref{s:completeness}. In section~\ref{s:applications} we survey two potential applications and comment on future work. Omitted proofs and a link to the Quantomatic project used to prove Lemmas~\ref{lem:disconnect-4} and \ref{lem:big-disconnect} are given in the appendix.

\section{Definition of the ZH-calculus}
\label{s:ZH-dfn}

The ZH-calculus is a graphical language expressing operations as \emph{string diagrams}.
These are diagrams consisting of dots or boxes, connected by wires.
Wires are also allowed to have one or two ``dangling'' ends, which are not connected to a dot or box: these represent inputs of the diagram if oriented towards the bottom, outputs of the diagram if oriented to the top.

\subsection{The generators and their interpretation}
\label{s:ZX-translation}

The diagrams of the ZH-calculus are generated by \emph{Z-spiders}, which are represented as white dots, and \emph{H-boxes}, which are represented as white boxes labelled with a complex number $a$.
These generators are interpreted as follows, where $\intf{\cdot}$ denotes the map from diagrams to matrices.
\[
 \intf{\tikzfig{Z-spider}} := \ket{0}^{\otimes n}\bra{0}^{\otimes m} + \ket{1}^{\otimes n}\bra{1}^{\otimes m} \qquad\qquad
 \intf{\tikzfig{H-spider}} := \sum a^{i_1\ldots i_m j_1\ldots j_n} \ket{j_1\ldots j_n}\bra{i_1\ldots i_m}
\]
The sum in the second equation is over all $i_1,\ldots, i_m, j_1,\ldots, j_n\in\{0,1\}$, i.e.\ an H-box represents a matrix all but one of whose entries are equal to 1.
A label of $-1$ is usually left out and the box is then drawn smaller, e.g.\ $\dotunit{small hadamard}:=\hadastate{-1}$.
Straight and curved wires have the following interpretations:
\[
 \intf{\;|\;} := \ketbra{0}{0}+\ketbra{1}{1} \qquad\qquad\qquad
 \intf{\tikzfig{wire-cup}} := \ket{00}+\ket{11} \qquad\qquad\qquad
 \intf{\tikzfig{wire-cap}} := \bra{00}+\bra{11}.
\]

The juxtaposition of two diagrams is interpreted as the tensor product of the corresponding matrices and the sequential composition of two diagrams is interpreted as the matrix product of the corresponding matrices:
\[
 \intf{\gendiagram{$D_1$}\;\gendiagram{$D_2$}} := \intf{\gendiagram{$D_1$}}\otimes\intf{\gendiagram{$D_2$}} \qquad\qquad \intf{\tikzfig{sequential-composition}} := \intf{\gendiagram{$D_2$}}\circ\intf{\gendiagram{$D_1$}}
\]

The statements of the relations of the ZH-calculus will be simplified by introducing two derived generators, called \emph{grey spiders} and NOT, respectively.
\begin{equation}\label{eq:grey-spider}
 \tikzfig{X-spider-dfn}
\end{equation}\par\noindent
\begin{equation}\label{eq:X-dfn}
 \tikzfig{negate-dfn}
\end{equation}\par\noindent
With these definitions, \dotmult{gray dot}\ acts on computational basis states as XOR and \greyphase{\neg} acts as NOT:
\[
 \intf{\dotmult{gray dot}} = \ketbra{0}{00}+\ketbra{0}{11}+\ketbra{1}{01}+\ketbra{1}{10} \qquad\qquad\qquad \intf{\greyphase{\neg}}=\ketbra{0}{1}+\ketbra{1}{0}.
\]

There is an evident encoding of the generators of the ZX-calculus into ZH given by the following translation:
\[
 \tikzfig{green-spider} \qquad\qquad
 \tikzfig{Hadamard} \qquad\qquad
 \tikzfig{red-spider}
\]
Since it is well-known that the ZX-calculus is universal for representing arbitrary linear maps $\mathbb C^{2^m} \to \mathbb C^{2^n}$, the following is immediate:

\begin{proposition}
Any linear map $\mathbb C^{2^m} \to \mathbb C^{2^n}$ can be expressed using the generators of the ZH-calculus.
\end{proposition}

We will also give a normal form in Section~\ref{s:completeness} which directly implies universality of the ZH-calculus, without going via ZX.

\begin{figure}
 \centering
 \begin{tabular}{ccccc}
  (ZS1) & \tikzfig{Z-spider-rule} & \qquad & (HS1) & \tikzfig{H-spider-rule} \\ &&&& \\
  (ZS2) & \tikzfig{Z-special} & & (HS2) & \tikzfig{H-identity} \\ &&&& \\
  (BA1) & \tikzfig{ZX-bialgebra} & & (BA2) & \tikzfig{ZH-bialgebra} \\ &&&& \\
  (M) & \tikzfig{multiply-rule} & & (U) & \tikzfig{unit-rule} \\ &&&& \\
  (A) & \tikzfig{average-rule} & & (I) & \tikzfig{intro-rule} \\ &&&& \\
  (O) & \tikzfig{ortho-rule} & & &
 \end{tabular}
 \caption{The rules of the ZH-calculus.
 Throughout, $m,n$ are nonnegative integers and $a,b$ are arbitrary complex numbers.
 The right-hand sides of both \textit{bialgebra} rules (BA1) and (BA2) are complete bipartite graphs on $(m+n)$ vertices, with an additional input or output for each vertex.
 The horizontal edges in equation (O) are well-defined because only the topology matters and we do not need to distinguish between inputs and outputs of generators. n.b. the rules (M), (A), (U), (I), and (O) are pronounced \textit{multiply}, \textit{average}, \textit{unit}, \textit{intro}, and \textit{ortho}, respectively.}
 \label{fig:ZH-rules}
\end{figure}

\subsection{The relations, and soundness}\label{sec:relations}

The rules of the ZH-calculus are given in Figure~\ref{fig:ZH-rules}. We furthermore add one meta rule, often stated as ``only topology matters''. That is, two diagrams are considered equivalent if one can be deformed into the other.
Furthermore, the Z-spiders and H-boxes are assumed to be \emph{symmetric} and \emph{undirected}: i.e.\ two inputs or outputs of the same generator can be swapped without changing the interpretation, and an input can be ``bent'' around to become an output, or conversely. Graphically:
\ctikzfig{generator-symmetries}

\medskip

\begin{proposition}
 The ZH-calculus is sound.
\end{proposition}
\begin{proof}
It is straightforward to check the symmetry properties for each generator and all of the rules in Figure~\ref{fig:ZH-rules} by concrete calculation. Soundness of the meta rule ``only the topology matters'' follows by considering the string diagrams as morphisms in a compact closed category~\cite{SelingerCPM}.
\end{proof}

\subsection{!-box notation}\label{sec:bang-boxes}

Many of the calculations in this paper are greatly simplified by the use of \textit{!-box notation}~\cite{kissinger2014pattern}. A !-box (pronounced ``bang box'') in a string diagram represents a part of the diagram that is able to fan out arbitrarily. That is, the contents of a !-box, along with any wires into or out of the !-box, can be copied $n$ times for any non-negative integer $n$.
For example, the !-box diagram below represents the following family of (concrete) string diagrams, one for each $n$:
\[ \tikzfig{bang-box-example} \quad \longleftrightarrow \quad
 \left\{
 \ \ \tikzfig{bang-box-example0}\ \ ,\quad
 \ \ \tikzfig{bang-box-example1}\ \ ,\quad
 \ \ \tikzfig{bang-box-example2}\ \ ,\quad
 \ \ \tikzfig{bang-box-example3}\ \ ,\quad
 \ \ \ldots\ \  \right\}
\]
All of the resulting string diagrams are well-defined because all of our generators can have arbitrary arities. We can also use !-boxes in diagram equations, as long as each !-box on the LHS has a corresponding !-box on the RHS, and the inputs/outputs in each !-box match. Such a rule represents a family of equations where each \textit{pair} of corresponding !-boxes is replicated $n$ times:
\[
\tikzfig{unit-bangboxed} \quad \longleftrightarrow \quad
\left\{
\ \ \tikzfig{unit-bb0}\ \ ,\quad
\ \ \tikzfig{unit-bb1}\ \ ,\quad
\ \ \tikzfig{unit-bb2}\ \ ,\quad
\ \ \ldots\ \
\right\}
\]
Note the dashed box on the right-hand side of the first equation denotes an empty diagram.

With this notation, the definition of grey spiders \eqref{eq:grey-spider} becomes
\begin{equation}\label{eq:grey-spider-dfn}
 \tikzfig{X-spider-dfn-bb}
\end{equation}\par\noindent
Additionally, the rules (ZS1), (HS1), (BA1), and (BA2) from Figure~\ref{fig:ZH-rules} become
\[
 \text{(ZS1)}\quad \tikzfig{Z-spider-rule-bb} \qquad
 \text{(HS1)}\quad \tikzfig{H-spider-rule-bb} \qquad
 \text{(BA1)}\quad \tikzfig{ZX-bialgebra-bb} \qquad
 \text{(BA2)}\quad \tikzfig{ZH-bialgebra-bb}
\]
Using the rules in this form makes it straightforward to prove !-box generalisations of the rules (M), (U), (A), and (I).

\begin{lemma}\label{lem:bb-rules}
The ZH-calculus satisfies the following rules:
 \[
  \text{(M!)}\;\; \tikzfig{multiply-rule-bb} \qquad
  \text{(U!)}\;\; \tikzfig{unit-bangboxed} \qquad
  \text{(A!)}\;\; \tikzfig{avg-lemma} \qquad
  \text{(I!)}\;\; \tikzfig{intro-rule-bangboxed}
 \]
\end{lemma}

\noindent This lemma is proved in Appendix~\ref{sec:bang-rules}. At this point, it is worth highlighting the special cases of (M!) and (U!) where the !-box is expanded $0$ times:
\[
  \tikzfig{scalar-mult} \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad
  \tikzfig{scalar-rule}
\]
These rules enable us to multiply scalars at will, and in particular eliminate scalars by multiplying by the inverse. From hence forth, we will use this fact without further comment during our proofs.

In this paper, we use a mild, but very useful, extension of the usual !-box notation, which allows !-boxes to be indexed by a the elements of a finite set. For example, indexing over the finite set $\mathbb B^2 := \{ 00, 01, 10, 11 \}$, we can write expressions such as:
\[
\tikzfig{indexed-example}
\ \ :=\ \ \
\tikzfig{index-example-rhs}
\]
This extends to equations in the obvious way:
\[
\left(\ \tikzfig{index-example-rule}\ \right)
\ \ := \ \
\left( \ \tikzfig{index-example-rule-inst}\ \right)
\]
where we require corresponding !-boxes on the LHS and RHS to be indexed by the \textit{same} finite set. Note that inputs and outputs of a copy associated with the index $x \in X$ on the LHS are matched with inputs and outputs of the \textit{same} copy on the RHS.

We recover the behaviour of normal, un-labelled !-boxes by interpreting a !-box without a label as being indexed by an \textit{arbitrary} finite set, e.g.
\[
\tikzfig{Z-spider-rule-bb} \qquad
\longleftrightarrow \qquad
\tikzfig{Z-spider-rule-bb-index} \quad \textrm{(for any finite sets $X$ and $Y$)} \]

\section{Completeness}
\label{s:completeness}

We show that the ZH-calculus is complete by demonstrating the existence of a unique normal form for ZH-diagrams. It is first worth noting that, because we can turn inputs into outputs arbitrarily (cf. the beginning of section~\ref{sec:relations}), it suffices to consider diagrams which have only outputs. We call these \textit{states}. Concretely, these are interpreted as column vectors (i.e. kets).

For states $\psi,\phi$, let $\psi * \phi$ be the \textit{Schur product} of $\psi$ and $\phi$ obtained by plugging the $i$-th output of $\psi$ and $\phi$ into \dotmult{white dot}, for each $i$:
\ctikzfig{schur}
It follows from (ZS1) that $*$ is associative and commutative, so we can write $k$-fold Schur products $\psi_1 * \psi_2 * \ldots * \psi_k$ without ambiguity.
For any finite set $J$ with $|J| = k$, let $\prod_{j\in J} \psi_j$ be the $k$-fold Schur product.

Let $\mathbb B^n$ be the set of all $n$-bitstrings. For any $\vec{b} := b_1\ldots b_n \in \mathbb B^n$, define the \textit{indexing map} $\iota_{\vec{b}}$ as follows:
\begin{equation}\label{eq:iota-dfn}
\iota_{\vec{b}} \; = \;
\tikzfig{indexing-box} \; = \; \left(\greyphase{\neg}\right)^{1 - b_1} \ldots \left(\greyphase{\neg}\right)^{1 - b_n}.
\end{equation}
Then normal forms are given by the following $2^n$-fold Schur products:
\begin{equation}\label{eq:nf-formula}
  \prod_{\vec{b} \in \mathbb B^n} \big( \iota_{\vec{b}} \circ H_n(a_{\vec{b}}) \big)
\end{equation}
where $H_n(a_{\vec{b}})$ is the arity-$n$ H-box (considered as a state) labelled by an arbitrary complex number $a_{\vec{b}}$.

A normal form diagram can be seen as a collection of $n$ spiders, fanning out to $2^n$ H-boxes, each with a distinct configuration of NOT's corresponding to the $2^n$ bitstrings in $\mathbb B^n$. Diagrammatically, normal forms are:
\[
\tikzfig{nf-bbox}\ \ :=\ \
\tikzfig{nf-picture}
\]

\begin{theorem}\label{thm:nf-unique}
Normal forms are unique. In particular:
\begin{equation}\label{eq:nf-concrete}
\intf{ \, \prod_{\vec{b} \in \mathbb B^n} \big( \iota_{\vec{b}} \circ H_n(a_{\vec{b}}) \big) } =
\sum_{\vec{b} \in \mathbb B^n} a_{\vec{b}} \ket{\vec{b}}.
\end{equation}
\end{theorem}

\begin{proof}
  The map $\iota_{\vec b}$ is a permutation that acts on computational basis elements as $\ket{\vec c} \mapsto \ket{\vec c \oplus \vec b \oplus \vec 1}$. In particular, it sends the basis element $\ket{\vec 1}$ to $\vec b$. Hence $\iota_{\vec b} \circ H_n(a_{\vec b})$ is a vector with $a_{\vec b}$ in the $\vec b$-th component and $1$ everywhere else. The Schur product of all such vectors indeed gives the RHS of ~\eqref{eq:nf-concrete}.
\end{proof}

Since equation~\eqref{eq:nf-concrete} gives us a means of constructing any vector in $\mathbb C^{2^n}$, Theorem~\ref{thm:nf-unique} can also be seen as a proof of universality of the ZH calculus, independent of the encoding into ZX we gave in section~\ref{s:ZX-translation}.

We now prove 2 lemmas which will assist in manipulating normal forms:

\begin{lemma}\label{lem:X-copy}
 The NOT operator copies through white spiders:
 \ctikzfig{X-copy}
\end{lemma}
\begin{proof}
 Starting from the left-hand side,
 \[
  \tikzfig{X-copy-proof} \qedhere
 \]
\end{proof}

\begin{lemma}\label{lem:iota-copy}
 The $\iota_{\vec{b}}$ operator copies through white spiders, i.e.\ for any $\vec{b}\in\mathbb B^n$:
 \ctikzfig{iota-copy}
\end{lemma}
\begin{proof}
 This follows immediately from Lemma~\ref{lem:X-copy} via the definition of $\iota_{\vec{b}}$ \eqref{eq:iota-dfn}.
\end{proof}

\begin{lemma}\label{lem:convolution-iota}
 The ZH-calculus enables the computation of the Schur product of two maps of the form $\iota_{\vec{b}}\circ H_n(x)$ and $\iota_{\vec{b}}\circ H_n(y)$ for any $\vec{b}\in\mathbb B^n$ and $x,y\in\mathbb C$:
 \ctikzfig{convolution-iota}
\end{lemma}
\begin{proof}
Apply Lemma~\ref{lem:iota-copy}, followed by (M!).

\end{proof}

We will now show that normal form diagrams, when combined in various ways, can also be put into normal form. Let \tikzfig{nf} denote an arbitrary normal-form diagram. It is straightforward to see that permuting the outputs of a normal-form diagram merely interchanges the bits in the coefficients $a_{\vec b}$. Hence, normal forms are preserved under permutations of outputs. Furthermore:

\begin{proposition}\label{prop:extension}
 A diagram consisting of a normal form diagram juxtaposed with \dotunit{white dot}\ can be brought into normal form using the rules of the ZH-calculus:
 \ctikzfig{extension}
\end{proposition}
\begin{proof}
 Starting from the left-hand side, which we expand using the indexed !-box notation,
 \ctikzfig{extension-proof}
 The last diagram is a normal form diagram with $n+1$ outputs, i.e.\ the desired result.
\end{proof}

\begin{proposition}\label{prop:convolution}
 The Schur product of two normal form diagrams can be brought into normal form using the rules of the ZH-calculus.
 \ctikzfig{convolution-nf}
\end{proposition}
\begin{proof}
 This follows from (ZS1) and Lemma~\ref{lem:convolution-iota}.
\end{proof}

\begin{corollary}\label{cor:tensor-product}
 The tensor product of two normal form diagrams can be brought into normal form using the rules of the ZH-calculus.
\end{corollary}
\begin{proof}
 A tensor product can be expressed as
 \ctikzfig{tensor-product}
 The diagram NF$_1$ and the leftmost $m$ copies of \dotunit{white dot}\ can be combined into one normal-form diagram with $(n+m)$ outputs by successive applications of Proposition~\ref{prop:extension}.
 Similarly, the rightmost $n$ copies of \dotunit{white dot}\ and NF$_2$ can be combined into one normal-form diagram with $(n+m)$ outputs.
 The desired result then follows by Proposition~\ref{prop:convolution}.
\end{proof}

\begin{remark}\label{rem:scalar-juxtaposition}
 Note that a single scalar H-box is a normal form diagram.
 Corollary~\ref{cor:tensor-product} thus implies that a diagram consisting of a normal form diagram juxtaposed with a scalar H-box can be brought into normal form.
 In the following proofs, we will therefore ignore scalars for simplicity: they can be added back in and then incorporated to the normal form without problems.
\end{remark}

We are now ready to prove the most difficult case, which is contraction. The majority of the work goes into proving Lemma~\ref{lem:big-disconnect}, which we call the Disconnect Lemma. It uses the (O) rule to disconnect the $2^n$-legged $\dotonly{white dot}\xspace$-spider arising from a contraction of a normal form into $2^{n-1}$ separate cups. It was proven with the help of the graphical proof assistant Quantomatic. Details and full proof are given in Appendix~\ref{sec:disconnect}.

\begin{proposition}\label{prop:contraction}
 The diagram resulting from applying \dotcounit{white dot}\ to an output of a normal form diagram can be brought into normal form:
 \ctikzfig{whitecounit-nf}
\end{proposition}

\begin{proof}
  Starting from an arbitrary normal form, with a \dotcounit{white dot} plugged into the right most output, we have:
  \[ \scalebox{0.8}{\tikzfig{contraction-thm-pf}} \]
  Then, we can apply Lemma~\ref{lem:big-disconnect}:

  \[ \scalebox{0.8}{\tikzfig{contraction-thm-pf2}} \]
  The final diagram is in normal form, which completes the proof.
\end{proof}

Our strategy will now be to show that any diagram can be decomposed into H-boxes, combined via the operations of extension, convolution, and contraction. This will give us a completeness proof, thanks to the following proposition.

\begin{lemma}\label{lem:H-box-nf}
 Any H-box can be brought into normal form using the rules of the ZH-calculus.
\end{lemma}
\begin{proof}
The matrix of an H-box $H_n(a)$ has 1's in every entry but the very last one. Hence, to bring an H-box into normal form, we just need to introduce `dummy' 1's for every other matrix entry. We demonstrate the principle using a binary H-box but the argument is analogous for any other arity:
\[
\tikzfig{H-nf-example} \qedhere
\]
\end{proof}

To simplify the decomposition of diagrams into H-boxes, we prove a few corollaries.

\begin{corollary}\label{cor:cup-nf}
The diagram of a single cup can be brought into normal form:
\[ \tikzfig{cup-nf} \]
\end{corollary}

\begin{proof}
We can rewrite the cup as a pair of H-boxes using (HS2). This can then be written in terms of extension, convolution, and contraction as follows:
\ctikzfig{binary-Z-decomposition}
Hence, we can apply Lemma~\ref{lem:H-box-nf} and Propositions \ref{prop:extension}, \ref{prop:convolution}, and \ref{prop:contraction} to get a normal form.
\end{proof}

\begin{corollary}\label{cor:whitemult-nf}
 The diagram resulting from applying \dotmult{white dot}\ to a pair of outputs of a normal form diagram can be brought into normal form.
 \begin{equation}\label{eq:whitemult-nf}
 	\tikzfig{whitemult-nf}
 \end{equation}
\end{corollary}

\begin{proof}
Applying a \dotmult{white dot}\ to a pair of outputs has the same result as convolving with a cup, then contracting one of the outputs. That is, we can decompose \eqref{eq:whitemult-nf} as follows:
\ctikzfig{whitemult-decomp}
then apply Corollary \ref{cor:cup-nf} and Propositions \ref{prop:extension}, \ref{prop:convolution}, and \ref{prop:contraction}.
\end{proof}

\begin{corollary}\label{cor:cap-nf}
Applying a cap to a normal form diagram results in another normal form diagram:
\ctikzfig{cap-nf}
\end{corollary}

\begin{proof}
Since the cap can be decomposed as $\dotcounit{white dot} \circ \dotmult{white dot}$, the result follows immediately from Corollary~\ref{cor:whitemult-nf} and Proposition~\ref{prop:contraction}.
\end{proof}

Thanks to Corollaries~\ref{cor:tensor-product} and \ref{cor:cap-nf}, we are able to turn any diagram of normal forms into a normal form. It only remains to show that the generators of the ZH-calculus can themselves be made into normal forms. We have already shown the result for H-boxes, so we only need the following.

\begin{lemma}\label{lem:Z-spider-nf}
Any Z-spider can be brought into normal form using the rules of the ZH-calculus.
\end{lemma}
\begin{proof}
We can turn \dotunit{white dot}{} into an H-box using (U) and then bring it into normal form via Lemma~\ref{lem:H-box-nf}.
By (ZS1), $\dotonly{white dot}\xspace = \tikzfig{dot-nf}$, which can be brought into normal form using (U), Lemma~\ref{lem:H-box-nf}, and Corollaries~\ref{cor:tensor-product} and \ref{cor:cap-nf}.
This covers the cases of Z-spiders with 0 or 1 incident wires.

We can decompose any Z-spider with $n\geq 2$ incident wires as a tensor product of $(n-1)$ cups, with each cup \dotmult{white dot}-ed with its neighbours:
\ctikzfig{n-ary-Z-decomposition}
If $n=2$, no \dotmult{white dot} are needed and the equality is by (ZS2) instead of (ZS1).
In either case, the diagram can be brought into normal form by applying Corollaries~\ref{cor:tensor-product}, \ref{cor:cup-nf}, and \ref{cor:whitemult-nf}.
\end{proof}

\begin{theorem}
The ZH-calculus is complete: for any ZH diagrams $D_1$ and $D_2$, if $\llbracket D_1 \rrbracket = \llbracket D_2 \rrbracket$ then $D_1$ is convertible into $D_2$ using the rules of the ZH-calculus.
\end{theorem}

\begin{proof}
By Theorem~\ref{thm:nf-unique}, it suffices to show that any ZH diagram can be brought into normal form. Lemmas~\ref{lem:H-box-nf} and \ref{lem:Z-spider-nf} suffice to turn any generator into normal form. Corollary~\ref{cor:tensor-product} lets us turn any tensor product of generators into a normal form and Corollary~\ref{cor:cap-nf} lets us normalise any arbitrary wiring.
\end{proof}

\section{Applications and future work}\label{s:applications}

We will now briefly survey some of the potential applications for the ZH-calculus. We begin with the simple observation that $n$-ary H-boxes let us generalise the usual string diagrammatic description the controlled-Z gate (as in e.g. the ZX calculus) to an $n$-controlled-Z gate:
\ctikzfig{n-controlled-Z}
Using the decomposition of controlled-Z gates above, a representation of graph states as ZX-diagrams was given in~\cite{DP1}, which in turn gave a fully diagrammatic derivation of the local complementation law for graph states~\cite{DP1} and a new procedure for extracting circuits from certain computations in the one-way model~\cite{DP2}. Passing from $\wedge Z$ to $\wedge^n Z$ gives an analogous representation for \textit{hypergraph states}:
\[ \tikzfig{gs-graph-s}
   \qquad\textrm{\Large $\leadsto$}\qquad
   \tikzfig{gs-hypergraph}
\]
Indeed this was the original motivation for considering H-boxes of arbitrary arity. Using a method analogous to proofs in Appendix~\ref{sec:bang-rules}, we can routinely introduce !-boxes to known rules involving graph states (e.g. local complementation and feed-forward rules) to generalise them to hypergraph states. For example, introducing !-boxes to the local complementation rule enables complementing hyperedges of arbitrary arity overlapping on a single vertex:
\[
\scalebox{0.8}{\tikzfig{lc1}} \ \  = \ \  \scalebox{0.8}{\tikzfig{lc2}}
\qquad\textrm{\Large $\leadsto$}\qquad
\scalebox{0.8}{\tikzfig{lc-bb1}} \ \  = \ \  \scalebox{0.8}{\tikzfig{lc-bb2}}
\]
This potentially gives a powerful new language and set of techniques for working with hypergraph states.
Exploring these techniques, and the relationship to known rules for manipulating hypergraph states is a topic of future work.

In another direction, if we consider diagrams whose H-boxes are labelled by a fixed root of unity $\omega := \exp(i \pi/2^m)$, we obtain an encoding for unitary gates described by arbitrary \textit{phase polynomials}~\cite{moscamatroid}, i.e. gates of the form $U_{\phi} \ket{\vec b} = \omega^{\phi(\vec b)} \ket{\vec b}$ for some polynomial $\phi(\vec b)$ over $n$ boolean variables. These have a simple graphical representation, where Z-spiders represent variables and $\omega$-labelled H-boxes represent terms in the phase polynomial. For example:
\[
\tikzfig{phase-poly}
\qquad\qquad
\textrm{where}\qquad
\phi(\vec b) = {\color{purple} b_1 b_2} + {\color{purple} b_1 b_2 b_3} + {\color{purple} b_3 b_4}
\]
One can then straightforwardly show basic properties of these unitaries (e.g.~composition, commutation, and replacement of non-linear AND terms by linear XOR terms) using the rules of the ZH-calculus.
The phase polynomial formalism for $m = 2$ has been used extensively in studying optimisation problems for Clifford+T circuits~\cite{MeetInMiddle,moscamatroid,AmyMoscaReedMuller,campbelltcount}, and it was recently shown that all diagonal gates in the Clifford hierarchy are of the form $U_\phi$, where the level of the hierarchy depends on $m$ and the degree of $\phi$~\cite{DiagHierarchy}. Gaining access to this phase polynomial structure diagrammatically could therefore yield new methods for quantum circuit optimisation and/or fault tolerant computation through automated diagram rewriting in tools like Quantomatic.

\bigskip

\noindent \textbf{Acknowledgements.}
The authors would like to thank Simon Perdrix and Mariami Gachechiladze for the fruitful conversations in which the foundations of the ZH-calculus were developed.
We are also grateful to Niel de Beaudrap for interesting discussions about applications of the ZH-calculus and to Sal Wolffs for careful reading of our proofs (and pointing out a major omission in Corollary~\ref{cor:whitemult-nf}).

The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) ERC grant agreement no.\ 334828 (Backens) and 320571 (Kissinger).
The paper reflects only the authors' views and not the views of the ERC or the European Commission.
The European Union is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.

\bigskip

\bibliographystyle{eptcs}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Read-only error when trying to boot from almost any Linux distro After updating Ubuntu Gnome 16.04 to Ubuntu 17.10, I started running into some problems. There were the semi-expected ones (like malfunction GUI features) that came with the merge of Ubuntu and Ubuntu Gnome, as well as the unexpected ones.
And the biggest one that I cannot seem to solve is why I can no longer boot from almost any Linux distro, which is a problem since I need to reinstall it for school.
I have tried many OSs and versions: Ubuntu 12.04, 16.04, and 17.10.1
Elementary OS
Fedora 27
And Puppy Linux. Which is interesting, because that one worked.
None of the Ubuntu based distros gave any error messages, but when I tried Fedora, it thankfully gave me some output - the first I have gotten:
3.616156] Couldn't get size: 0x800000000000000e
4.048773] Dracut-pre-udev[416]: rpc.idmapd: conf_reinit open ("(null)", )0_RDONLY) failed
4.049176] Dracut-pre-udev[416]: rpc.idmapd: conf_reinit open ("(null)", )0_RDONLY) failed

So it looks like something is read only, but I can't seem to figure out what. And the weird thing is that it is making my dual booted Windows 10 install misbehave as well. Strange bugs - the likes of which I rarely ever see, like failure to sign in.
There is one more bit of information that will hopefully be helpful. This is a new, Lenovo laptop, and with the big deal with Ubuntu 17.10 corrupting BIOS chips on many Lenovo computers, it has certainly crossed my mind that that could be the culprit, but I can still read and write to my BIOS (I updated it to the latest version and saved settings such as the time), and I can still boot some things from USB, like Puppy Linux as well as a Windows 10 iso.
Note that the Windows 10 boot has problems since it for some reason cannot detect any drive.
Upon running diskpart in Windows, it reports that everything on the SSD is fine and dandy, although I almost suspect that something is wrong here.
If any of you have any ideas or suggestions, they would be more than slightly appreciated :)

A: The kernel usually places the filesystem in read mode when it is damaged and/or it has inconsistencies.
Given your description of this happening with several Linuces, your disk is most probably dying, get a new one.


text:
Q: How to pass method as a parameter for another method I need to examine in "parent" object is there an acceptable at a definite moment to call some method in the "child". For example, parent object (component) includes child objects (or component parts in other words) and parent is disposing now, so all (or particlar) child activities must be prohibited (i.e. starting new service threads, enqueueing new client requests, ...).
public class Parent
{
    public bool IsMethodCallAcceptable(reference_to_method) {...}
}

public class Child
{
    public int SomeMethod(int intArg, string stringArg)
    {
        if(!_parent.IsMethodCallAcceptable(reference_to_SomeMethod_with_actual_args))
            throw new ...
        ...
    }

    private void AnotherMethod(string param = null) {...}
    {
        if(!_parent.IsMethodCallAcceptable(reference_to_AnotherMethod_with_actual_args))
            throw new ...
        ...
    }

    private Guid ThirdMethod()
    {
        if(!_parent.IsMethodCallAcceptable(reference_to_ThirdMethod))
            throw new ...
        ...
    }
}

Is there any way to do it?

A: Note: I am answering your question, not your title.  Others have answered the title.
Some objects have an isDisposed property, if your parent implements that and that is the only time you don't want to call methods, then yes.  Otherwise no.  If you control the source for the parent, you could add a property that does what you want.
If you don't control the source and you want to check more than isDisposed or the parent doesn't implement isDisposed, you might be able to check publicly exposed properties, but generally you should assume that if a method is exposed to the public, that it is acceptable to call it at any time.  If you're calling private methods via reflection, then you're taking chances.
Edit in response to comment:
Given your description, delegates won't give you any additional capability that you can't do easier by adding properties and methods to the parent (if you don't control the source, they won't help at all).  The best method for dealing with your described scenario (CAR.ENGINE.START when out of gas, is for the Start method to either throw an exception or return a value indicationg the result of the attempt to start the engine).

A: Use delegates?
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms173171%28v=vs.80%29.aspx

A: use func Func<T, TResult>
link

A: The easiest way is to pass an URI instead of a reference:
"NS.Child.ThirdMethod" for example.
Otherwise, a delegate is what is the closest to a function reference. You can pass that if you want.
However, this method is not compliant with OOP conception rules: Base class should know nothing about its children classes.
It's better to use some kind of locking mechanism to tell the children that they can't have access to the resources.

A: If these methods are native to the child class, the parent can't know anything about them for sure.  Rice's Theorem will cause you all kinds of problems, if you could even see the code.  Same problem (but to a lesser degree)  if they're native to the parent class and are being overridden in the child, since you can't really guarantee that the child class will be doing everything (and only those things) that the parent class does; in fact, you can all but guarantee it will do something different.  (If it didn't, why override?)
If they're native to the parent class and not overridable in the child, then just check whether the object is in a valid state for doing such a thing and throw an exception if it isn't.
As far as the actual validity check, for your example you can have a method like bool IsDisposing(); for other cases, you might keep track of the state in some other way.  A private method like CanDoThisThing() might help, for example.  Having a method that takes a generic operation name (not an operation; we already established the infeasibility of that) seems kinda broken to me.

A: Thank you all again, the result in the first approach is listed below
public class Component
{
    public ComponentPart SomeComponentPart1 { get; private set; }
    public ComponentPart SomeComponentPart2 { get; private set; }

    public Component()
    {
        SomeComponentPart1 = new ComponentPart(this);
        SomeComponentPart2 = new ComponentPart(this);
    }

    public bool IsMethodCallAcceptable(MethodCallExpression method, object[] parameters)
    {
        // collect needed information about caller
        var caller = (method.Object as ConstantExpression).Value;
        var methodName = method.Method.Name;
        var paramsArray = new Dictionary<string, object>();

        for (int i = 0; i < method.Arguments.Count; i++)
            paramsArray.Add((method.Arguments[i] as MemberExpression).Member.Name, parameters[i]);

        // make corresponding decisions
        if (caller == SomeComponentPart2)
            if (methodName == "SomeMethod")
                if ((int) paramsArray["intArg"] == 0 || (string) paramsArray["stringArg"] == "")
                    return false;

        return true;
    }
}

public class ComponentPart
{
    private Component Owner { get; set; }

    public ComponentPart(Component owner)
    {
        Owner = owner;
    }

    public int SomeMethod(int intArg, string stringArg)
    {
        // check if the method call with provided parameters is acceptable
        Expression<Func<int, string, int>> expr = (i, s) => SomeMethod(intArg, stringArg);
        if (!Owner.IsMethodCallAcceptable(expr.Body as MethodCallExpression, new object[] { intArg, stringArg }))
            throw new Exception();

        // do some work
        return stringArg.Length + intArg;
    }

    public void AnotherMethod(bool boolArg, Dictionary<Guid, DateTime> crazyArg, string stringArg, object objectArg)
    {
        // check if the method call with provided parameters is acceptable
        Expression<Action<bool, Dictionary<Guid, DateTime>, string, object>> expr =
            (b, times, arg3, arg4) => AnotherMethod(boolArg, crazyArg, stringArg, objectArg);
        if (!Owner.IsMethodCallAcceptable(expr.Body as MethodCallExpression, new [] { boolArg, crazyArg, stringArg, objectArg }))
            throw new Exception();

        // do some work
        var g = new Guid();
        var d = DateTime.UtcNow;
    }
}

This is variant how to check method calls, the same approach can be used in order to check properties values changes, while some ComponentPart' methods and properties can check some public Component.State property (via ComponentPart.Owner) instead of calling Component.IsMethodCallAcceptable or Component.IsPropertyChangeAcceptable.


text:
Municipal Solid Waste and Construction & Demolition Debris
Estimation processes for OOS shipments of municipal solid waste (MSW) products and the construction and demolition debris (C&D) are similar. Discussions on data and methods used in estimating volumes of shipments associated with the MSW component are presented in the first part of this Section. Similar discussions on the C&D component are then follows.
7.1 OVERVIEW OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE FLOWS
The MSW products, as defined by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and generally accepted within industry, are typically disposed in landfills and to a lesser extent processed in incinerators and resource recovery facilities. The MSW data collected by the EPA was specified under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) "Subtitle D" wastes. It is mostly common trash or garbage that consists of everyday items people dispose. The MSW is generally generated from homes, schools, hospitals, and businesses, it includes:
Containers and packaging (e.g., soft drink bottles and cardboard boxes);
Durable goods (e.g., furniture and appliances);
Nondurable goods (e.g., newspapers, trash bags, and clothing); and
Other wastes (e.g., food scraps and yard trimmings).
According to the EPA, Americans generated about 251 million tons of trash in 2012; which included waste being recycled and composted for almost 87 million tons. This is equivalent to about a 35% recycle-rate. Note that it is common for MSW and C&D to be disposed of in the same landfills. The C&D debris is covered under a separate OOS area and is discussed in the latter part of this section. To avoid double counting, estimates associated with C&D debris were eliminated from the MSW estimates. In addition, hazardous material wastes are not covered under the MSW. It should be pointed out that only the domestic portion of the MSW (as well as C&D) is of concern here, because shipments involving foreign trade are covered in a separate OOS component under the FAF (Section 11).
7.2 DATA SOURCES FOR ESTIMATING MSW FLOWS
7.2.1 State Solid Waste Management Reports
The majority of states reported annual statistics on their solid waste management facilities and activities, including information such as volume of waste and recycling generation, import and export of waste across state borders, and allocation of waste to landfills at the county and state levels. Some examples of these reports include Mississippi's Status Report on Solid waste Management Facilities and Activities for Calendar Year 201210and South Carolina's Solid Waste Management Annual Report11.
7.2.2 BioCycle - State of Garbage in America
A 2011 survey conducted by the Columbia University Earth Engineering Center (Shin, 2014) 12 on the MSW data produced information that serves as the continuation of BioCycle's State of Garbage in America survey. Columbia University took over the State of Garbage in America series and surveyed the waste management agencies in all 50 states on the generation and disposition of MSW. Nine states did not respond, so their data was estimated by Columbia University based on information from earlier studies and their population growth. The state totals provided in that study were converted to per capita estimates for MSW generation by state. The 2011 survey data (occurred a year prior to 2012 CFS) was used to fill in any missing data for states that did not have published reports. This data did include C&D debris within the total tonnage of MSW, therefore, this tonnage was removed to avoid double counting for FAF4 purpose.
7.2.3 EPA Municipal Solid Waste in the United States: 2012 Facts and Figures
The EPA report, entitled Municipal Solid Waste in the United States: 2012 Facts andFigures13, contains data on waste generation, recycling, and disposal. Data obtained from this report were used in estimating total national tonnage and value of MSW shipments for the FAF4 base year.
7.3. ESTIMATION METHODS FOR MSW FLOWS
7.3.1 Estimating the Movement of MSW at State Level
Thirty-four state-reports provided their total amounts of MSW generated at the county and state levels. For the remaining 17 states (including Washington D.C.), data from the 2011 Biocycle survey was used to generate 2012 totals, using their population growth factors. Because Biocycle data includes C&D debris with MSW, to avoid double counting, amounts of C&D debris need to be removed from the estimated 2012 state-level total volumes.
Based on an examination of state-provided C&D debris data (Section 7.6), C&D debris, on average, accounted for about 23% of Biocycle-reported state-level numbers. Using this factor (i.e., 23%), Biocycle-based state-estimates can be adjusted to remove the C&D portion of volumes, i.e., estimates of MSW are produced. Based on this process, FAF4 estimated a total of 309 million tons of MSW was landfilled and recycled in 2012. Note that MSW, as a commodity, was assumed to have no dollar value.
Because MSW can be moved to landfills across state borders, state reports were further used to determine the OD and associated tonnage of the MSW being moved. It was estimated that 23 million tons of MSW were transported by truck across state borders in 2012 and accounted for about 7% of the total 309 million. Clearly, most MSW materials are moved within states (i.e., intra-state movements).
7.3.2 Disaggregation to FAF Regional Level
All of the landfilled waste was assigned to SCTG commodity code "41." For the MWS shipments that crossed state boundaries, the state-reports provided information on their ODs, which allows for a proper assignment in FAF zones.
For shipments of MSW that moved entirely within a state, county-level data, if available, can be aggregated to produce the estimated volume at the FAF-zone level. When county-level data is not readily available, the state-level MSW tonnage can be disaggregated using population shares to produce associated FAF-zone level estimates. The 2012 population data as published by the Census was used for this process for FAF4.
7.4 OVERVIEW OF CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION DEBRIS FLOWS
Debris generated from C&D activities is recognized as one of the largest components of the U.S. solid waste stream. Shipments originating from activities in this OOS sector include companies or establishments engaged in construction of residential and non-residential buildings, utility systems, roadways and bridges, and from specific trade contractors that are out-of-scope to the CFS. These types of shipment generally consist of often-bulky heavy material, such as concrete, wood, metals, glass, and salvaged building components. The majority of C&D debris is recycled, but the statistical tracking of tonnage has been limited in the past.
A recent white paper from the Construction and Demolition Recycling Association (CDRA), entitled The Benefits of Construction and Demolition Materials Recycling in the United States14, estimated approximately 480 million tons of C&D debris was generated in the United States in 2012. The paper also stated that over 70% of the C&D debris was presumed to be "recovered and recycled" in 2012. The following is a breakdown of the components within the C&D debris stream:
100 million tons mixed C&D with a 35% recycling rate,
310 million tons bulk aggregate (primarily concrete) with a 85% recycling rate, and
70 million tons of reclaimed asphalt pavements with a 99% recycling rate.
7.5 DATA SOURCES FOR C&D DEBRIS
Similar to the MSW process, available annual reports from states were used (e.g., the States of Alabama15, South Carolina16 and Florida17) to estimate the amount of debris generated by the C&D industry. While 24 states provided annual reports on their solid waste management facilities and C&D activities, few included the tonnage of C&D debris recycled.
This is the same data source as used in the MSW estimation process discussed in Section 7.2.
7.6 ESTIMATION METHOD FOR C&D DEBRIS FLOWS
7.6.1 Estimating Volume of C&D at State Level
Based on the data from the 24 states providing the amount of landfilled C&D debris and the state-level information from the Biocycle report, it was estimated that, on average, C&D debris accounted for 23% of the Biocycle-reported state totals. Using this rate, estimates of total C&D landfilled waste streams in those "unavailable states" can be produced.
With information obtained from the CDRA paper, which suggests 70% of all C&D debris was recycled, individual state totals of C&D debris can be broken into two parts: where 30% of debris going to landfill and the other 70% recycled. Based on this assumption, it was estimated that a total of 80 million tons of C&D debris was landfilled, while 368 million tons were recycled in 2012. In other words, a total of 448 million tons of C&D debris were generated from all states in 2012. Note that, this total is different from the rough estimate of 480 million cited by the CDRA for the national level. The FAF team believes the estimates produced for FAF4 (i.e., 448 million) which are based on information obtained from state reports and BioCycle are more accurate.
7.6.2 Estimating Volumes of C&D Flows
For states with available county-level information on C&D debris, the data for counties within each FAF region are aggregated to obtain the regional estimates for FAF4. Where county-level data is not available, the state-level tonnage of C&D was disaggregated to the desired FAF zones using population shares calculated from Census population data. The rationale of using population-based shares, instead of economic factors (e.g., sales or employment data), is that the use of economic factors might result in bias toward business locations, rather than locations where the demolition sites are located. It is common for construction companies to work outside the regions where their companies are located. Because of its better association with locations of C&D activities (where debris were generated), population data was applied for the disaggregation process in FAF4.
Since the primary commodity shipped by the construction industry is debris, it was expected that the majority of these OOS shipments are local (i.e., within zone moves). For C&D debris that moved across state borders, state reports typically specified O-D of those shipments, which allows one to identify FAF areas that are involved in these movements.
10https://www.deq.state.ms.us/MDEQ.nsf/pdf/SW_2012SolidWasteAnnualReport/$File/2012%20Annual%20Report.pdf
11 https://www.scdhec.gov/HomeAndEnvironment/Docs/swm_FY12_ALL.pdf
12 http://www.seas.columbia.edu/earth/wtert/sofos/Dolly_Shin_Thesis.pdf
13 "Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal in the United States: Facts and Figures for 2012, EPA, https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-09/documents/2012_msw_fs.pdf.
14 https://www.mwcog.org/uploads/committee-documents/blxfXlxW20150715151756.pdf
15 http://www.adem.state.al.us/programs/land/landforms/SolidWasteReport10-12.pdf
17 http://www.dep.state.fl.us/waste/categories/recycling/SWreportdata/12_data.htm


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Sporting a robust educational background, Kristin Rodriguez is the Director and main teacher for Level Up preschool. She has a Bachelor's degree in Elementary Education with an emphasis in Literacy, as well as a Master's Degree in Education Technology. Kristin also holds the highest certification a teacher can achieve, which is National Board Certification. Her experience with the Richland School District and specifically the STEM-IT Now (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) program has proved to be an invaluable resource for her students and their parents alike.
An active and enthusiastic mother of five, Miss Jessica was born and raised right here in the Tri-Cities. Along with a passion for sports and the outdoors, she enjoys working with and teaching children and looking after their nutritional needs. She is active in her church, serving both in children's ministry services on Sundays as well as in Vacation Bible School over the years. Moving towards completion of her bachelor's degree and K-8 teaching certification, Miss Jessica is undoubtedly excited about playing an important role in early education.
Originally from Kodiak Island (located on the southern coast of Alaska) Miss Olivia has lived and worked in Washington state since 2007. Her background includes working as a preschool teacher at Gateway Christian School in Poulsbo, followed by a steady involvement in Vacation Bible School and various reading programs over the years. Busy as most mothers are, Miss Olivia enjoys spending her evenings and weekends attending the various sporting events which her children are participating in.
Devoted wife and mother of four, Miss Peggie brings an incredible amount of passion and experience to Level Up preschool. Her background in education stems from her experience at Arizona State University where she majored in nursing, human anatomy, and early childhood education. From there, she worked as a lead teacher and Assistant Director at a locally owned pre-kindergarten school in Maricopa, AZ. She then went on to develop her own curriculum and ultimately opened her own in-home preschool located in Maricopa. Miss Peggie is undeniably passionate about helping youngsters develop their skills and preparing them for a vibrant educational future.
Originally from Oklahoma, I have lived in Washington for the past 8 years. I was raised with 5 brothers and sisters and spent much of my childhood helping my parents raise them. My love for kids began in high school courses in a preschool run by students which lead to a job at Deana's Playhouse in-home daycare. I'm currently attending WSU to obtain a major in Education and a minor in Early childhood development.
My name is Lauren Wheeler. I graduated this year from Pasco High School and Columbia Basin College where I did running start and got my AA degree. This fall I'm excited to be attending Eastern Washington University and exploring different majors.
I was born and raised in Tri-Cities, WA. I graduated in 2014 from Kamiakin High School and attended Tri-Tech Skills Center where I obtained my certificate in Early Childhood Education. While attending Tri-Tech I had the opportunity to do an internship at a local Elementary School where I was able to learn additional skills working with children in a Kindergarten setting. I have always had a passion for the learning and development of children. On my spare time, I enjoy spending time outdoors, such as hiking and fishing, as well as spending time with my friends and family.
I recently graduated from Southridge High School in 2018 and am now attending Columbia Basin College to become a Registered Dental Hygienist. I am extremely passionate about working with children and would love to focus on pediatrics. Outside of school and work, I enjoy photography.
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text:
She Persisted: 13 American Women Who Changed the World
by Chelsea Clinton, Alexandra Boiger
DustJacket: Standard
Used Hardcover
From Powells.com
Powell's Picks of the Month
Hot new releases and under-the-radar gems for adults and kids.
The people in these books are funny, brave, strong, resilient, clever, and kind: Just like you.
On the heels of the now-infamous censure of Senator Elizabeth Warren's Senate chamber speech, Chelsea Clinton wrote this empowering picture book for the next generation of persistent young women. She Persisted is a collective biography and picture book of 13 women and girls who shaped America — from Claudette Colvin and Maria Tallchief to Oprah Winfrey and Helen Keller. Alexandra Boiger's illustrations are soft and sweet, yet these young women are anything but demure — they hold their head high and stand tall. A new favorite in our collection — I hope that it inspires the mini feminist in my own daughter to be tenacious in the face of adversity. Recommended By Kate L., Powells.com
Chelsea Clinton introduces tiny feminists, mini activists and little kids who are ready to take on the world to thirteen inspirational women who never took no for an answer, and who always, inevitably and without fail, persisted.
Throughout American history, there have always been women who have spoken out for what's right, even when they have to fight to be heard. In early 2017, Senator Elizabeth Warren's refusal to be silenced in the Senate inspired a spontaneous celebration of women who persevered in the face of adversity. In this book, Chelsea Clinton celebrates thirteen American women who helped shape our country through their tenacity, sometimes through speaking out, sometimes by staying seated, sometimes by captivating an audience. They all certainly persisted.
She Persisted is for everyone who has ever wanted to speak up but has been told to quiet down, for everyone who has ever tried to reach for the stars but was told to sit down, and for everyone who has ever been made to feel unworthy or unimportant or small.
With vivid, compelling art by Alexandra Boiger, this book shows readers that no matter what obstacles may be in their paths, they shouldn't give up on their dreams. Persistence is power.
This book features: Harriet Tubman, Helen Keller, Clara Lemlich, Nellie Bly, Virginia Apgar, Maria Tallchief, Claudette Colvin, Ruby Bridges, Margaret Chase Smith, Sally Ride, Florence Griffith Joyner, Oprah Winfrey, Sonia Sotomayor – and one special cameo.
"Exemplary...This well-curated list will show children that women's voices have made themselves emphatically heard." Booklist
"Mitch McConnell's dismissal of Elizabeth Warren during a Senate confirmation hearing immediately became a feminist rallying cry. Clinton (It's Your World) and Boiger (Max and Marla) further transform it into a lovely, moving work of children's literature that might even win over those cynical about celebrity efforts in that space.... Boiger's celebratory watercolors effortlessly mix drama and playfulness." Publishers Weekly (Starred Review)
Chelsea Clinton has always been interested in making the world a better place. When she was a child in Little Rock, Arkansas, one of her favorite books was 50 Simple Things Kids Can Do to Save the Earth, and as a teenager in Washington, D.C., she led her school's service club. While at Stanford, Chelsea worked as a reading and writing tutor and volunteered at the Children's Hospital. Today, she is Vice Chair of the Bill, Hillary and Chelsea Clinton Foundation where she helps lead the work of the Foundation across its various initiatives, with a particular focus on work related to health, women and girls, creating service opportunities, and empowering the next generation of leaders. Chelsea holds a BA from Stanford University, an MPH from Columbia University, and an MPhil and doctorate degree in international relations from Oxford University. She lives in New York City with her husband, Marc, their daughter, Charlotte, their son, Aidan, and their dog Soren.
Alexandra Boiger grew up in Munich, Germany as the youngest of seven children. She studied Graphic Design at the Fachhochschule Augsburg before working in Feature Animation at Warner Brothers and Dreamworks. After working in animation, Alexandra decided to pursue a lifelong dream of becoming a children's book illustrator, gathering a following as the illustrator of the popular Tallulah series. Max and Marla is her debut title as both author and illustrator. Alexandra now lives in Northern California with her husband and daughter.
Share your thoughts on this title!
Average customer rating 4.5 (2 comments)
Elana , March 23, 2018
Story of my life shows up in many of the situations presented. Which is why I still try. SHE PERSISTED.
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writermala , January 11, 2018 (view all comments by writermala)
Chelsea Clinton has written a book that will inspire generations of girls to come. By talking about thirteen women who made history or changed the course of history simply by persisting, Clinton has presented role models for girls to emulate.As Astronaut Sally Ride has been quoted in the book, "Young girls need to see role models in whatever careers they may choose, just so they can picture themselves doing those jobs someday." Clinton has given examples of women who "soared" and who will truly inspire girls. A very well-written and well-illustrated book.
(1 of 1 readers found this comment helpful)
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Pre Order Full Sun 'Thinkin About It' LP NOW!
This LP is limited to 200 copies and comes with a two color screen printed insert, download code, and black dust sleeve. With this pre-order we are offering several different package deals that include Full Sun's last album 'Itch' for only an extra $5 or include for the first ever Full Sun T-shirt. YOU MUST CLICK THE LINK TO VIEW ALL THE PACKAGE PRE-ORDER DEALS.
THINKIN ABOUT IT is the new full-length from Full Sun, an enduring Bloomington, IN punk band that has existed in various forms for 9 years. Revolving around Jeff Grant's songs and often his home recordings, various members have come and gone, as have entire local scenes and circles where the band may have briefly fit in. This new album is the first collaboration by a dedicated lineup, consisting of Erin Tobey, Alex Mann, and Cole Champion. The band is tightly dialed-in, with a dual guitar attack bringing depth and chaos when needed. Prior Full Sun releases chart the course here, sounding like a mix tape made to inspire what's found in THINKIN. Diversions from the straightforward punk tunes can still be found, but they're contained within the songs themselves rather than the standalone dub experiments or shoegaze tracks.
ALL ORDERS SHIP FRIDAY JANUARY 11TH!


What is stopping you from selecting all tracks of the album and manually tagging them with an album rating?
It's something I used to do in customdb before that component made foobar totally unusable.
I still use it like that for artist and genre rating, plus a few other calculated fields related to genre and artist, but indeed customdb makes foobar2000 a lot slower and it's been abandoned by the developer since years (tip: version 9a is not as buggy as the latest one).
Anyway, I totally second your request, but it's not just about album rating (maybe this will answer @jazzthieve's question, too). Even though customdb's main purpose was saving tags without writing them into the files, I believe its real benefit is in providing them as calculated fields, that is fields whose value is not entered directly by the user, but derived by other fields. This enables the user to organize tags in one-to-many relationships and grant referential integrity to the metadatabase.
I detailed the matter here, when I first started using foobar2000, before I found out about customdb (which BTW is the main reason I decided to stick with foobar2000).
I've seen several attempts to replace customdb's external tagging functionality, but none really seems to care about calculated fields. On the other hand I've seen quite a few other components that provide apparently calculated fields for specific purposes, such as the playcount fields as provided by the official playcount component or by Jscript and Spider Monkey panels.
I'm not sure why nobody ever attempted to replace such a unique and useful plug-in as customdb, but I got the idea that most people see customdb as an external tags component, whereas concentrating on the calculated fields only, would be pretty simple, as this seems to be already implemented in the components I mentioned above, despite not being customizable by the user. But I'm no developer, so this is just a guess.
One of the big problems was the sluggishness customdb caused. It also kept crashing album list panel in later versions of columns when appending the rating to the album tree. I might try 9a in a portable test version this weekend though. That component is too useful for storing information.
Nothing. I prefer not to do that for various reason some of which @davideleo stated.
And blah blah blah... the point is the less I'm changing the actual music files themselves, the better off I'm going to be in the long run.
And finally, I just hate superfluous tags. I find them annoying. You don't need a bunch of nonessential information in the metadata. That's what databases are for.
EDIT: I've also considered mtags but I found it just leaves too much junk for my liking. Nothing against the component. It's just a personal preference on how I like to keep my music library.
especially for frequent Beta Updates.
I think pushing beta updates automatically isn't a great idea at all. Beta is for testing purposes and for those wanting to do that specifically. Doing background updates on betas goes completely against that idea. It's a different thing for final releases.
Any automatic updating should be an option, but especially when it comes to beta versions.
That said, if automatic updating were an option, the setting in Advanced Preferences > Updates to check for betas when running a stable version could have a sub-option for automatic beta installs.
An option showing the remaining play time (countdown) for the playlist.
Maybe put it on the status bar in the menu that says "Show Total Time of Selection"
Would it be possible to add FFMPEGs default AAC encoder for ripping into AAC? Or maybe general support for FFMPEG encoding, like this I would only need one file.
IMHO that's unlikely, because foobar2000 doesn't really support bitstreaming.
I'd like to see this too, more customisation options would be great.
I know that of present day Foobar2000 does not support bitstreaming and dresses DSD files as DoP. Or simply converts them to PCM. But is there any reason in principle why it should not bitstream in future? I really do not know, I am not a software guru, neither an engineer in audio electronics, so I have no idea why for instance JRiver can bitstream and Foobar should not do it.
Its only a minor bugbear, but a lot of the time, when listening to albums, I usually think of something I'd like to listen to after this current track has finished playing, so I "send to new playlist" the new album, which then autoplays and the current track stops.
I wish there was an option so that you could continue listening to the current track while adding new playlists.
There is. Untick "Start playback when sending selection to playlist" under Preferences -> Media Library -> Album List.
Thank you! I thought there must be, but googling proved not very fruitful!
Autocomplete for tag entry with multiple columns visible at the same time, when several lines in Properties are selected and Edit chosen from the context menu (for example, related fields, composer, lyricist and producer). And of course autocomplete after semicolon, requested before.
This function is well hidden! I thought I needed another tag program or multiple columns in the playlist to get that view.
Better adjusted built-in spectrum analyzer, which uses the full range of the display for a typical musical signal (approximated by pink noise) at ReplayGain level. Currently the analyzer has much empty space, particularly in the treble region even on bright records, and shows nothing for quiet segments, esp. on the toolbar where it is constrained to a small size.
A good example is a Third-Octave Analyzer, which reads flat for pink noise, and has good frequency resolution in the bass and good time resolution in the highs, smooth minimum-phase response, but it costs much CPU with large number of bands. In Foobar, the bands setting appears to be fixed and only changes the GUI rendering.
Maybe link the floor and ceiling to ReplayGain and its preamp setting, and add a 3dB/octave slope for frequencies above 500Hz, or add a separate preamp setting for case where the DSP changes the level. Small frequency scale marks would be welcome and an extension in the deep bass.
Other requests relating to the spectrum analyzer: lower bass, gain, slope.
Same moment on Toolbar analyzer with 3dB slope. FFT set to 8192, but still has poor frequency resolution in the bass or no movement.
Option to not show confirmation dialog when deleting files with Shift+Delete.
Foobar has the be one of the worst apps I used when it comes to data security. If there's a hitch, the theme file gets corrupted immediately, and I lose every single playlists (or maybe only all their titles). Configuration also regularly gets corrupted.
Right now I lost all playlists, every single on. And of course neither auto-backup, nor my scheduled backups have them because Foobar morbidly keeps changing the playlists folder on updates, without a note. So neither the auto-backup, nor mine were prepared to this.
The playlist folder was changed once and you can use wildcards to most likely capture any other changes, assuming there will be any.
What I do agree on is that the component page could use an update to warn users that the default settings might not be sufficient and offer a saner value that captures the 1.4 playlist folder. Also the foobar changelog should indeed mention that the playlists are now saved in a different folder.