Culture; the customs, beliefs, arts of a society or particular group. The word's origins can be tied to mid-15c 'Tilling the Land' 'Cultivating', and from Latin – Cultura 'a cultivating, agriculture', figuratively 'care, culture & honouring'. Around the mid 18th century the meaning went on to mean 'cultivation – of the mind, faculties and manners', and later 'collective customs and achievements of a people'.
The Earth's vegetation is part of a web of life, an ecological system made up of intimate relationships between plants and animals. How do we as a society listen to, and become aware of, how our own systems have consequences on, and impact on these relationships?
You do not need to fill the word count and you can contribute to the enquiry by offering a silent response. Send your form in at the end of the 25 minutes so we know you were present at the Enquiry.
Jonathan Baxter is an artist living and working in Dundee. He is the invited 'Ponderer' for this Collective Enquiry and will reflect on the whole process at the end.
"Civil engineering is all about helping people and shaping the world. It's the work that civil engineers do to make our lives much easier".
My understanding of what that is has changed, as has that of my profession, over the years I was working. I am talking about civil engineering because on Friday we were hearing about water.
The drainage that allows Peter to farm on the fens was put in around 400 years ago by a civil engineer from Holland. Before that, the River Witham meandered through a marsh inhabited by fiercely independent swamp dwellers, who fought and lost, to protect their (locally sustainable) way of life. Now we have a drainage system where the pumps that keep water levels down and make it viable for Peter to farm, run on electricity produced by burning fuel somewhere else in the country. An increased level of complexity and interdependence that reduces sustainability. (They first ran on wind power, but were much lore expensive and less dependable).
So now we have agriculture that works within our complex world and relies on many things to produce – the soil, the sun, rain, drainage, power, markets, legal systems and most importantly other people. People are "society". And we all live and work depending on others for our very being.
When I was younger, I worked in both Kenya and Java. In both places, the locals lived a "subsistence" life on less than a $1 a day. However, we saw great differences in the way they lived. In Kenya, the kids often showed signs of malnutrition and art was rudimentary. In Java, there was a long and sophisticated tradition of arts and performances, dance, batik, architecture going back 4000 years. It was a salutary lesson for a young man.
The quote, to me, seems to say that a re-connection with the way our food is produced, and an awareness of the implications of our actions and choices on what sustains us, is crucial for our survival as a species but only possible by making these things part of everyday culture again.
Popular culture particularly here in the UK, feels very much driven by technology, the media and capitalism-driven accumulation of 'stuff'. As the rate of advances in technology, and new versions of products increase, there is, I think a decrease in continuity and shared experience between generations. Screen-based technology, and instant connectivity is also a threat to sleep, to slowness, and time to pause – being offline is a fear for many. We are made even more aware of this through our two children.
Recent experiences camping with a number of other families and children, were interesting, being out of mobile reception as we were – the experiences were heightened, shared and memorable, but also connected to similar things we had done as children. On Friday, many found the visit to the field, the immersion in the landscape and silences a welcome escape from the intense social media storm around the referendum result.
A large part of popular culture has nothing to do with stimulation of the senses (touch and smell, and through temperature in particular), or the seasonal or biological rhythms (day/night), seasons. The change in these often dictated cultural events – on a small scale, picking elderflowers and making cordial, picking blackberries and making jam are more special when they can only be done once a year. We need to reclaim a connection with nature as a 'must-have', not a poor relation to other more ephemeral stuff, and through this engage all of us with its stewardship.
I think we know what the solution to this very palpable issue is. We need to put the ground and other animals and plants in the centre of our lives and not just on wallpaper or plates. And I think we perhaps even know how this might happen in terms of a creative joining of worlds through celebration, ritual, marking events and art, music, theatre taking on the role of mind-shifter for a new world where the wonders of our natural environment become felt strongly, play a central part in our story and are raised up in status. But perhaps because we are so many and 'other' is dwindling rapidly (I'll be painting a series of portraits of the Bramble Cay Melomys very soon) we are now in a situation where those able to make work and take it out into the world should perhaps only focus on the needs of other (animal, plant, earth, sea etc) and find ways to reconnect them into our daily lives. We can't speak for the natural world, but perhaps we can connect back to the place of balance, wonder and a symbiotic relationship with the natural world through urgent but gentle interventions. I can't really think of anything else because it's so easy to feel overwhelmed and powerless otherwise.
It seems to me that attitudes towards nature and the cultivation of the land have been changing gradually during the last 40 odd years that I have been concerned with farming. In 1973 I met my first husband who was then a mixed farmer growing arable crops and rearing beef cattle. During our 17 year marriage I became involved practically in the cultivation of around 300 acres of variable arable land including 2 fields of fenland not far from Peter's own farm. I learnt to drive tractors and operate machinery and I have happy memories of working the fields on the farm where we lived. But I don't remember much concern about the impact of fertilizers and pesticides in those days. Far more important were the yield levels and the quality of grain produced. Nowadays there is definitely more interest in the environment and how we are treating it. Programmes on TV such as the widely popular Countryfile on BBC 1 every week often have articles about nature conservation and the ways in which farmers of today are caring much more about the impact of their farming methods on the land they work. As do Radio 4's farming programmes and even daily newspapers and magazines. So I am broadly optimistic about the future of the land farmed here in Britain and hopeful that similar concerns will have an impact on land use all over our beautiful planet.
Yes, I think it's time to reunite nature and culture!
Culture doesn't just make me think about 'the Arts'. It makes me think about the natural yeasts and enzymes in sour dough bread, Kombucha and ginger beer 'cultures'. Such foods feed the bacteria in our guts. Like the soil they're life giving.
A couple of minutes looking at an etymological dictionary and a couple of websites made me realise how much Culture has become disasociated from the land, from nature.
Our FOW project is part of a growing band of projects helping people to reconnect to the soil as a living, life giving but finite resource that needs to be cared for carefully.
Patrick Holden, a past director of the Soil Association, has said 'The soil is not only our planet's greatest repository of stored carbon, but also its organ of digestion – I have recently come to realise that we can reach a better understanding of the dark interior of our fertile soils by relating it to the process of our own digestion. We can imagine the earth as the collective stomach of all the world's plants, ensuring their nutrition through the extraordinary and symbiotic relationship between plant roots, soil bacteria and fungi. It is an eternal truth that the health and fertility of soils, plants animal and people are one and indivisible.
The Soil Culture Forum examines the cultural and environmental importance of soil and looks to inspire people to reconnect culture and soil via art and literature, making us think where mere advocacy doesn't.
Thanks Peter, Ruth and Anne-Marie for re-awakening my connection to soil and the importance of its mindful stewardship.
Now more than ever, nature does seem to be separated from culture, in that first hand intimate experience of nature is rare for the general populace. Perhaps as a response to this distance between individuals and nature, the perspectives of the populace of what 'nature' is, and hence how 'nature' is perceived in our culture, has become idealised. We are quick to think of nature in terms of pristine environments, pretty wildflower meadows and fluffy bunnies, but the nature 'red in tooth and claw' is less easily embraced into our cultural consciousness. From the farming perspective, nature brings the realities of disease, death and decay into daily awareness, and there is acceptance of this circle of life. The farmers job is to maintain healthy soils, crops and livestock, through knowledge and experience of the natural processes that govern them, as well as through the cultural learnings and scientific technologies that have been proven to enhance health and productivity. The interventions that farmers make are often to promote one sort of life (livestock & crops) to the detriment or death of another (parasites, bacteria, fungi and weeds), to produce food of the quantity and quality that our populace expects. For our culture to make judgements on the decisions and interventions made by farming, and any negative consequences, it is important that the nature of 'nature' is understood in its entirety, including our place within it.
It was ever thus: nature has never been – cannot be – separated from culture; however, the two cultures (broadly, the sciences and the humanities) have increasingly separated the two. Biosciences, meteorology, climate science seem to offer solutions to environmental crises while the arts and humanities struggle to make themselves heard in ecological debates, the challenges posed by mass migration, questions of sustainability and resilience, or of renewable energy, agriculture, and GM. And yet the study and practice of literature, history, and folklore – not to mention the arts – is fundamentally environmental. Experiences such as the weather are represented and understood according to cultural and historical expectations taken from books and proverbs, personal and communal memory, and laced with latent meaning and portentous significance, and these representations have structured the understanding of the environment in the past, and continue to do so today. A bird, a flower, or a field of wheat are sites of emotion and meaning and heritage that overlap with their importance as instances of biodiversity or natural resources or food security. We need to take the humanities out of the library, the museum, the classroom and get it working in the fields and woods and rivers that sustain us – as more and more artists and writers are doing. In doing so, we can make culture a way of ensuring a fuller and crucially a more active engagement with the world, rather than a means of escaping from it. What we need to develop, in other words, is a 'cultural environmentalism'. And alongside this cultural environmentalism, this greening of the arts, should be the humanizing of the sciences – bringing the harvest of culture into ivory laboratories to enrich the study of nature.
Culture has in any case been responsible for reimagining and reinventing the countryside over hundreds of years. Today we can depict and engage with the environment in ways that resist outmoded artistic traditions, that actively value local identities and indigenous cultures, and write identity, heritage, and history back into the land. That could be the basis of environmental thinking, of 'natureculture'. Landscapes are not just physical spaces but layer upon layer of personal, local, and regional identity. One secret of a life well lived is surely to remind ourselves of how we can dwell *in* a place and entangle ourselves with it – not spectating and separating, but enmeshing culture and nature.
If culture means the "norms" by which a society lives and the habits and customs that evolve from this, then to stick to ones "culture" in a fast changing society is surely dangerous. We take in more knowledge now than ever before and rational thought should encourage us to accept or discard this – but I suppose even then our "culture" may subconsciously influence how we deal with this. But we can learn by our mistakes surely and a questioning mind should surely be the one thing we try to foster in the young. Blind acceptance of customs established long ago and which were pragmatic at the time because of prevailing conditions may now no longer be relevant and at least should be debated and, where appropriate, challenged. Having spent some time in Australia and been fascinated by its history, both by the settlers and the indigenous population, one of the many interesting facts in Robert Hughes fascinating history of its early settlement "The Fatal Share" was the insistence of the early farmers of following their custom of Spring sowing and Autumn harvesting in March/ April and September/ October with disastrous results. After failed harvests the "norms" were eventually turned round to suit the prevailing weather conditions. A soil scientist relative in that country is now fully occupied adapting current crop planting to changing weather patterns down under and it is hard to see, without a wholesale acceptance of the urgent need to curtail climate change and the depletion of natural resources by the entire population, how anything we can do more than take a pragmatic approach to this very serious issue, at least in the short term.
I've been thinking a lot recently about this issue and around it. Listening to Annie Proulx on the radio about how the New World pioneers saw it as their god given duty to 'tame' the wilderness. Nature was seen as ungodly and bestial and forests were there to be logged and the new lands plundered and stripped of their resources. This mindset of 'man' at the pinnacle of all other life has persisted in many ways. The imagery in the adverts in the Farmers Weekly not so very long ago looked liked staging warfare on weeds, pests and diseases, in a most alarming way. Our global food systems are now dominated by five multinational corporations and food is commodified losing the richness of the varieties, striping them of their cultural significance. Just today on the food programme there was a piece about the blue maize variety, and its history and deep cultural significance to the Mexican people. Stripped of this culture it just becomes the 'Jolly Green Giant' F1 hybrid white bland sweetcorn brand that most of the planet will know. The same is true of so much rich diversity that has been eroded with increasing rapidity, paralleling the rise of industrial farming globally. From thousands of wheat varieties in Afghanistan, mustard seed varieties in India, chick peas in the middle east, and the hundreds of varieties of vegetable seeds which fell under EEC 'standardisation' in the 80's. F1 hybrids and GM under the banner of 'Feeding the World' have been the main culprits of the demise of so much diversity linked to cultures globally. I've also been reading 'Slow Food Nation' inspired by a visit to the most wonderfully exciting food market I went to in Sicily not long ago. I was in Acireale near Catania, when I came upon this amazing collection of stalls, all selling produce from the area, which is around Etna. I was amazed to see the most enormous kohlrabi plants which had a long history in the fertile slopes of the volcano and these vegetables, along with other fiercely guarded heirloom varieties were becoming re-energised in the local culture. Luckily Italians have such a strong food culture and there is also much delight and banter around each communities favoured specialty foods. Every stall had a food story and it was so heartening to see so many young farmers and growers passionately involved in maintaining and strengthening the food culture.Small mixed farms feed the world; not the agribiz monoculture dinosaur which is killing our planet and cultures.
We're all influenced by cultural perceptions of nature. My enduring and vivid memories of nature are from Jamaica where I lived until I was 17. I remember a beautiful island 'land of wood and water' of mountains and the blue, azure sea, of mostly living outside. But there was erosion on the mountain slopes, which resulted in land-slides during the rainy season and country people living in nature, often desperately poor. In St Lucia, which I visited a few years ago, I went into supermarkets where I saw a paucity of vegetables for sale, yet land lying fallow.
The Peak District is considered to be an area of great natural beauty; however, it's been extensively farmed and managed for centuries, yet the general perception is of a 'natural' landscape. George Monbiot, in Feral, writes about 'Shifting Baseline Syndrome', whereby the people of every generation perceive the state of the ecosystem they encounter as normal…seemingly unaware that it often exists in a state of extreme depletion. In Derbyshire, the main reason for this depletion was due, in the first instance, to the cutting down of the indigenous forests (the wood used for ship-building and later fuelling the Industrial Revolution). The land was further eroded by the introduction of the ubiquitous sheep who have 'caused more extensive environmental damage in the UK than all the building that has ever taken place.' (Monbiot).
I'll finish by asking whether nature has ever been divorced from cultural impacts? Even prehistoric peoples must have had an impact upon the environment. Many of the animals that they hunted, for instance, were ultimately driven to extinction, thus by their actions they were changing the natural balance.
To me the quote raises questions about the boundaries between urban and rural space. I think it is easy to split up culture and nature when thinking about these two environments (urban=culture, rural=nature) when the relationship is more complicated and connected. I think this can be seen within A Field of Wheat: we visited the London stock market to learn about the impact of the market on the field and also heard about how farming techniques can cause an eradication of nature. So what happens when rural areas are given cultural value and urban spaces/cultures considered part of nature? I think this question can be addressed in a number of ways including on a personal level. I consider myself to be a city-person; I can't imagine living and working outside of a city. I feel (and think I look) out of place in the middle of the field of wheat, but I am interested in what I bring back as a visitor or outsider. I was interested to hear Peter value the project for its ability to communicate agricultural concerns to the public. Perhaps our best shot at connecting nature and culture is by travelling, experiencing, feeling out of place, touching the wheat.
It was such a pleasure to travel to Lincoln last week and spend much of the day running my hand across the wheat 'tops' as we walked through the field: the action grounded me absolutely after some intense weeks in London (where I live) working hard at conjuring a celebratory event to grow good change in a town, with the Tour de Tooting – a celebration of the wheels in our lives. ( I was thrilled to learn in the process of preparing this event that the word 'wheel' comes from kwel meaning to move around and in time this became 'hweol' (or yuke) in old English, chakra in Sanskrit, colere in Latin (to till the soil) and then cultivate and culture.
I am more and more interested in the ways in which we see ourselves as active participants in the making of our culture and how this is rooted in the cycles of the season, the cultivation of the soil to grow something new and the daily practice of marking change and embracing and observing the cycles of life and death all around. I like Carol's analogy of the soil being like a great digestion system. I recently attended a conference of European rural forums in Amsterdam where I spoke as an artist alongside farmers and others working with and on the land. I was humbled by some of the shared experiences of taking risks, working with uncertainty and in service to something larger than ourselves: life!! I left imagining artists were like earthworms, tilling the soil, preparing the ground to grow new perspectives, seeing and nurturing different ways of framing how we look at and take part in the world.
It often feels as a human race we are adrift and have lost our bearings simply on how to be human: how to nurture a culture of 'care' rather than uncare. Life itself creates the conditions of life and binding back together again the ways in which agriculture and culture are connected is an exciting way to ground my/ourselves in reclaiming our part in stewarding the wellbeing of the natural world. To be in service to life once more. It feels like a simple return to something we know quite well how to do: running our hands across wheat field tops.
'Nature can't be separated from culture'. But isn't that exactly what's happened over the past 60 years?
I've not read The Three Ecologies but looking at the precis Felix Guattari seems to be making the same argument I've been making for years – just using a lot of very long words ending in 'ism or 'ology.
For me it's best defined as the difference between agribusiness and agriculture. Agribusiness is producing food to the lowest unit cost so that others in the food chain can add value; agriculture is producing safe wholesome food whilst offering the producer a fair return on time and investment, enhancing the environment and supporting the rural economy.
Sadly our government and our farming leaders see agribusiness as the model for the future, preferring to ignore the environment and the rural economy and concentrating on supporting jobs in food processing and keeping a lid on inflation (nothing drives inflation like food prices).
Maybe that would be ok if farming was the same as producing nuts and bolts in a shed near Bolton – but its not; farming is so much more.
What does nature being central to our culture look like? I think projects like Field of Wheat are a big part of that vision – cultural projects that enact, explore and question our relationship to the land we live on.
I also think of previous cultural projects like Agnes Denys WheatField that left me with dream-like visions of gliding through wheat fields. It was only in recent years that I realised my dream was a monoculture, a conventional farm vision. There that word 'culture' pops up again.
So now after learning about healthy land practices I dream of agro-ecological futures, where I float through forest gardens and meadows of companion planting. Although I haven't seen many visions of this in popular culture. The impact of culture can not be underestimated. Our culture is part of nature – we mustn't forget that.
In its own way FOW has become a collective stomach for our individual and collective reflections. FOW provides a space for what the artist Suzanne Lacy calls a 'call and response' paradigm. Suzi Gablik's ecological imperative – to make art as if the world mattered – is part of this paradigm shift, one that extends our understanding of the world and recalls us to a different ecological sensibility.
Whether our response to this call takes the form of art, farming or some other social practice, at the heart of this paradigm shift is our ability to listen. And listening isn't something we're particularly good at. Indeed, in our everyday listening it's said that we only recall 25% of what people actually tell us. If you relate this to our ability to listen to the world – with open heart and mind – then you can see (and hear) why we're in the crisis we're in.
Crisis? Yes. Opportunity? That depends on our listening.
This reminds me of an image evoked by Stephen Bottoms, an American theatre and performance maker. It's worth quoting Bottoms at length.
This is a complex image, which if you feel empathy for the fly seems rather cruel! But cruelty is misplaced in this context. Better to think this image through the lens of ecology, as a symbiotic relationship that in this instance benefits the spider. My real interest in this image, however, relates to the process of listening as attunement and what this teaches us about the relationship between nature and culture.
Here I – following the physicist F. David Peat – imagine nature and culture as a double helix in which nature and culture are always already entwined like the spider and the fly. Nature is our call. Culture is our response. What we do with our lives – whether art or farming – constitutes our life's performance.
That we are currently performing this relationship as a dance that impacts negatively on nature is undeniable – we are killing the thing that gives us life. That we need to renegotiate this relationship by attuning our listening is something that FOW and this Enquiry makes space for.
Field by field, day by day, the responsibility, difficulty and pleasure will be ours. The spider, the fly, the earthworm, and the wheat have all spoken.


Families strive to find the best ways to raise their children to live happy, healthy, and productive lives. Parents are often concerned about whether their children will start or are already using drugs such as tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, and others, including the abuse of prescription drugs.
Kids who learn about the dangers of drug use early and often are much less likely to develop addiction than those who do not receive these important messages at home. Parents and other caregivers have an incredibly important role to play.
We can all take action by having frequent conversations with the teens and young adults in our lives about the dangers of substance use and medicine abuse.
But we know these conversations are not always easy. In fact, they can be really challenging. Check out some tips and tools to start the conversation – and keep it going! The best way to prevent your kids from using drugs is to have ongoing conversations with them. To best do that, you need to know what they know.


Need a change of scenery? Why not come to Pantages Theatre on Friday 15th September 2017 to see the incredible Hamilton! A truly unforgettable show, Hamilton will leave you wanting more… Tickets are available now – what are you waiting for?


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National Park Service Centennial Blackened By Disturbing Allegations
BY DAVID S. LEWIS
The National Park Service, as it celebrates its 100th anniversary, has been plagued by documented cases of sexual exploitation of employees in the Grand Canyon, as boatman allegedly coerced and forced themselves upon female workers. Now NPS faces new allegations that Yellowstone National Park employees in supervisory positions have perpetrated similar acts against female employees and other forms of corruption and professional misconduct.
In an exclusive interview with the Montana Pioneer, a YNP employee, Robert Hester, has come forward detailing what he says has been a practice of abuse, exploitation, predatory sexual behavior, and reprisals in a certain division of Yellowstone National Park between 2011 and 2015.
More over, multiples sources (including a senior YNP official) have reported to the Pioneer allegations of recent sexual harassment or systemic financial misconduct, or both, at the Park.
Over the course of three hours on a warm August afternoon, Hester, in a face-to-face interview, alleged that severe sexual harassment has been perpetrated at Yellowstone, even causing, in one case, the emotional breakdown of a female worker.
From his earliest memories of employment at Yellowstone National Park, beginning in 2010, Hester said, "I was flabbergasted at what I saw and heard," referring to overt talk and accept-ance of sexual exploitation of female workers in the department in which he worked.
"It was the men's club," he said, "they would speak openly about it."
One female employee, he said, "never did anything … she was (in effect) paid for sex," having been more or less kept by one of her supervisors for a sexual relationship, according to Hester, while doing little else.
Hester said the situation was well known in the Division, and that the female employee, a laborer, would "drink daily," essentially being kept inebriated and available for favors for her superior. Hester said at one point he was asked to buy alcohol for the woman, but refused. He said the woman later "had a nervous breakdown," which he learned from an eyewitness to the event, resulting from her exploitation and due to a conflict with her superior over the way she had been treated.
"She was then terminated," Hester said, due to her objections and emotional state, which reportedly had become seriously degraded after she was targeted with personally abusive reprisals.
When asked about first hand observations on his part related to sexual harassment, Hester said that the climate of exploitation in his department was plain to see, including blatant physical groping, and that the sexual relationships and intent of superiors (that he said started with decisions to hire certain females) was no secret. It is Hester's belief that at least one of the victims was specifically hired so that she could be exploited for sex due to her background.
Hester alleged that a department chief was aware of the abuse and involved in the sexual exploitation of another female employee, having once remarked to Hester, "All (female worker) is good for is (a certain sexual act)."
Hester also spoke of a supervisor who had basically claimed a female as his own property, putting the word out that another male employee should stay away from her, saying, "(female worker's name) is mine."
As the result of reaching out to multiple sources in the Park, a climate of intimidation and financial misconduct (in the hundreds of thousands of dollars) have been reported to this publication, and accounts of reprisals and threats of reprisals directed at those who might not cooperate with the corruption.
One employee, according to a source within the Park, participated in illegal financial misconduct that was reported to a higher up, who later promoted the employee. Another alleged perpetrator reportedly remarked, "'I'll never get caught, because if they catch you, someone has to take responsibility.'"
"…That's the mentality," we were told by a Park employee, "deal with it (only) when they have to, with hundreds of thousands of dollars."
Yellowstone National Park Superintendent Dan Wenk emphasized to the Pioneer, as did Hester and others, that they want people to come forward who know of, or have been the victims of, abuse or exploitation at Yellowstone National Park.
"If you can provide any additional encouragement for these employees to bring their concerns forward," Wenk stated in an August 21 email, "the situation will be investigated and dealt with in an expeditious manner."
Another YNP official recently acknowledged to the Pioneer that sexual harassment has been an issue at Yellowstone, and responded to our request for comment on various abuses, saying certain allegations against employees were recently reported and addressed. It is not clear if the official was referring to abuses referenced in this report, and our investigation revealed that the foremost alleged perpetrator remains in place at the Park.
Park Superintendent Wenk, while describing recent efforts to instruct seasonal employees about sexual harassment, seem-ed to contradict another Park official in his August 21 response to our inquiry, stating, "Neither (Park Assistant Superintendent Steve) Iobst nor I are aware of the situation that you have described."
According to our sources, Park officials have been made aware of sexual harassment at Yellowstone.
Hester, who has a related case before the Equal Opportun-ity Employment Commission, suspects an "internal shakeup" may be imminent at YNP, and told us that the NPS regional office in Denver, with which Hester had been in contact, could possibly dispatch a team to remedy problems at Yellowstone. "Denver may choose to send a complete management team to take over," he said.
Hester also alleges that YNP and NPS cover up wrongdoing. "They know about all of the things that are going on. Washington, DC, knows about it. They don't want the embarrassment. It's the centennial."
Hester did suggest though, that complaints at YNP, even those of a serious nature, may not reach Superintendent Wenk, and instead can be treated as lower level personnel matters.
"It's an atrocity," Hester said, "the way these things are done there (at YNP)." Speaking of one female employee, whom he named, he said, "To see how she was treated—she was just treated like a common goddamn whore, and everybody was cool about it."
Superintendent Wenk, in his response to the Pioneer, stated, "We provided sexual harassment training earlier this summer for seasonal employees…Similar required training for our permanent workforce will be conducted this fall.…I communicated to seasonal employees that concerns or complaints can be brought directly to my office."
Wenk added: "We have no tolerance for reprisal. We expect all supervisors to take allegations seriously, if they do not, that situation also will be dealt with immediately."
UPDATE: Due to this article, the Montana Pioneer and story were brought up in hearings before the Congressional House Oversight Committee on National Park Service. To find out what happened, click here.
Filed Under: Cover story, Current Issue, September 2016 Tagged With: scandal, Yellowstone
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David S. Lewis says
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eric j bieschke says
I worked with IS park wide & worked w/ laundry as a supervisor – I was Fed financed when the park went IT. I was accused, twice of sexual harassment by two women- this never happened. The accusations were outrageous. I am a homosexual, I just wonder of those men that are -no defense…. When these accusations were made public HR @ Yellowstone found to fire me by my being 'rude' when I rejeced the claims. YNP HR told me I was 'guilty' when I was confronted by these salacious accusations. Christ be Love & God Bless Yellowstone National Park and my years with them. I am a Christian. I am a Conservative. I am not 'gay', that's a lifestyle I now reject – I am a homosexual and God in Christ made me so.I reject everything from Liberals, Soros & Progressives. I fought the fight with Act-Up; Queer Nastion. Eric

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Use persisted query options in MarkLogic NodeJS client for suggestion In MarkLogic REST API /v1/suggest, I can use constraint defined in persisted query options in partial-q. I am not sure how to accomplish the same task using the MarkLogic NodeJS client. According to the documentation, it seems the only way I can reference persisted query options is through combined query. I see it works for document search, but I don't know if and how it would work for suggest.
https://docs.marklogic.com/guide/node-dev/search#id_57610
Thank you!

A: Going over the source code, I see that support for persisted query options is only available for the Documents.query method: https://github.com/marklogic/node-client-api/blob/master/lib/documents.js#L1862
var optionsName = wrapper.optionsName;
...
if (optionsName != null) {
  endpoint += '&options='+optionsName;
}

It is straightforward to do the same for the Documents.suggest method - not sure why it is missing. For now, I just need to override the Documents.suggest method to add the several lines of code shown above.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Архе́йные ацидофи́льные нанооргани́змы Ри́чмондских руднико́в () —  организмы из домена архей, впервые описанные Бреттом Бейкером в 2006 году в экстремально кислом руднике  в северной Калифорнии. Эти новые группы архей получили названия ARMAN-1, ARMAN-2, ARMAN-3, ARMAN-4 и ARMAN-5. Аббревиатура для обозначения данной группы архей была выбрана таким образом, чтобы соответствовать фамилии владельца рудника — Ted Arman. Предшествующий анализ рудниковых вод с помощью полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР) не смог выявить их наличие, поскольку у организмов ARMAN имеется несколько замен, не позволяющих детектировать их с помощью ПЦР со стандартными праймерами к 16S рРНК. Бейкеру и коллегам удалось обнаружить эти организмы с помощью секвенирования ДНК организмов рудникового сообщества с помощью метода дробовика.

Первоначально считалось, что три группы ARMAN относятся к типу эвриархеот. Дальнейший пересмотр данных, основанный на более детально проработанном филогенетическом дереве архей, показал, что ARMAN относятся к надтипу DPANN. В настоящее время ARMAN выделяют в новые типы Micrarchaeota (Candidatus Micrarchaeum acidiphilum) и Parvarchaeota, давно отделившиеся от остальных архей. Различия между генами 16S рРНК трёх первых групп ARMAN составляют 17 %.

Распространение
Анализ с помощью флуоресцентных зондов, специфичных по отношению к ARMAN, показал, что клетки ARMAN всегда присутствуют в сообществах, связанных с  в руднике в Iron Mountain (северная Калифорния); pH этих рудниковых вод достигает отрицательных значений (наименьшая измеренная величина pH составила —3,6). Как правило, клетки ARMAN немногочисленны в рудниковых сообществах (на них приходится 5—25 % обитателей сообществ). В 2008 году организмы, очень близкие к ARMAN, были найдены в кислом болоте в Финляндии, в 2010 году — в кислых дренажных рудниковых водах близ Рио-Тинто (юго-восток Испании), а в 2011 году — в слабощелочном глубоком подземном горячем источнике в Японии.

Строение клеток и экология
В 2009 году был проведён анализ некультивируемых клеток ARMAN из рудниковой биоплёнки с использованием трёхмерной криоэлектронной томографии. Оказалось, что размер клеток ARMAN соответствует нижнему предсказанному пределу для живых клеток: их объём составляет 0,009—0,04 мкм³. Интересно, что, несмотря на чрезвычайно малые размеры клеток, на клетках из биоплёнки обнаружилось несколько типов вирусов. Выяснилось также, что в клетках ARMAN имеется в среднем 92 рибосомы на клетку, в то время как в клетке кишечной палочки Escherichia coli содержится около 10 тысяч рибосом. Судя по всему, ARMAN обходятся очень малым числом метаболитов на одну клетку, что поднимает вопрос о минимальных потребностях живых клеток. 3D-реконструкция клеток ARMAN в естественной среде обитания показала, что некоторые клетки ARMAN прикрепляются к другим археям из порядка Thermoplasmatales. Клетки этих архей проникают сквозь клеточную стенку ARMAN, достигая цитоплазмы. Природа этого взаимодействия неясна; возможно, здесь имеет место некоторая разновидность паразитизма или симбиоза. Возможно, ARMAN получают от других архей те метаболиты, которые не могут синтезировать сами.

Геномика и протеомика
В 2006 году были секвенированы геномы представителей трёх подгрупп ARMAN. Первый черновой вариант генома Candidatus Micrarchaeum acidiphilum из подгруппы ARMAN-2 имеет длину около 1 мегабазы (миллион пар оснований). Геномы ARMAN-4 и ARMAN-5, также имеющие размер около 1 мегабазы, отличаются необычными размерами генов, сходными с таковыми симбиотических и паразитических бактерий. Этот факт может свидетельствовать о межвидовых взаимодействиях ARMAN с другими археями. Кроме того, оказалось, что на филогенетическом дереве архей ARMAN располагаются рядом с точкой разделения ветвей эвриархеот и кренархеот, что свидетельствует о том, что ARMAN разделяют многие генетические черты с археями этих двух групп. Стоит отметить, что у ARMAN выявлены многие гены, обнаруженные только у кренархеот. Реконструировать известные метаболические пути у ARMAN очень сложно из-за необычно большого числа уникальных генов, обнаруженных у архей этой группы. В 2011 году у архей ARMAN-1 и ARMAN-2 был описан новый тип эндонуклеаз, участвующих в сплайсинге тРНК.

Примечания

Археи

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The government has negatively responded to the labor community's demand to ratify key international labor conventions before drafting related bills.
Kim Dae-hwan, a director general handling international policies at the Ministry of Employment and Labor, said Wednesday that the government thinks legislation should come before ratification.
At a press briefing at the government complex in Sejong City, he said parts of the International Labor Organization(ILO) conventions regarding the freedom of association can cause conflicts of interests, and there is a need to secure public consensus first.
He also noted there are several related bills pending at the National Assembly, adding the government will wait and see what comes from discussions on the issues.
Kim stressed the government will also continue monitoring related talks through the Economic, Social and Labor Council before deciding on ratification.
South Korea joined the ILO in 1991 but has ratified only four of eight fundamental conventions sanctioned by the international organization. The four remaining conventions concern the freedom of association and bans on forced labor.


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Marvel holds a concert for its character Luna Snow
Limited Run NiFe Wars Comic To Launch Soon
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The superhero character has got a space-themed remix of the song Flow which features vocals from K-Pop star Luna.
Paige Cook
The free-to-play mobile game Marvel Super War holds a K-Pop concert with Luna Snow, featuring Luna of K-Pop group f(x)
Luna Snow, the Korean pop singer turned SuperHero is a Marvel Universe character in the battle arena game, Marvel Super War. The character joined the game's roster back in 2020 and released the single, Flow.
The character's debut song has reached over 86k views on YouTube. Fans of the song will be pleased to hear that a new Space Remix of the hit single Flow is out.
Marvel's Luna Snow show
Luna Snow has become a rising pop star in the year 3099 and is performing in the Intergalactic Opera House. Snow dons a specially created space suit for the performance. In addition to a new look, vibrant and vivid lighting installations floating around her help to create the show.
The song is a never-before-released Space Remix of Luna Snow's single Flow feat Luna. The track was mixed by NetEase sound and features vocals from Luna of the popular K-pop girl band f(x). The remix version of the track which only hit YouTube two days ago is already sitting at 41k views.
Luna Snow show
The video features the concert elements with Luna Snow seen performing and dancing to the track. In addition to this, the video showcases gameplay of the character in action. Luna Snow's character is able to generate and manipulate ice and cold temperatures and of course, sports the charisma of a pop star.
Virtual Influencers
These types of in-game events are becoming more popular with titles that continuously roll out new content. K-pop has reached huge heights so the character of Luna Snow has become quite popular within the game due to the real vocals of Luna from f(x).
Something we are already seeing and will continue to see more of, is the idea of virtual influencers. These computer-generated characters are often used to market a product or social media strategy. Last year, Lu do Magalu was the most followed virtual influencer. The influencer first appeared for a retail company in Brazil and has since gone on to accumulate 6.2 million followers on Instagram.
Virtual influencers have been on the rise over the past five years and video games are seeing the benefit of giving characters more personality and events to boost their popularity. Marvel's Super War has however not yet seen a global release and is therefore unavailable in certain countries. Despite this, users can still dash to YouTube to listen to the songs.
In this article:Games / Marvel / Virtual Concert
Written By Paige Cook
Paige Cook is a writer with a multi-media background. She has experience covering video games and technology and also has freelance experience in video editing, graphic design, and photography. Paige is a massive fan of the movie industry and loves a good TV show, if she is not watching something interesting then she's probably playing video games or buried in a good book. Her latest addiction is virtual photography and currently spends far too much time taking pretty pictures in games rather than actually finishing them.
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Climbers need skills. Lots of them. Here I share some personal tips & tricks but I'll also be highlighting lots of content around the web from other blogs, companies, fellow guides, etc.
* note some of the techniques presented here regarding anchor management are not ideal if you are not swinging leads (leading in blocks or leading whole route/guiding).
If you find a cool mountain skill you think I should highlight please email me at nealpinestart@gmail.com!


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Lo stemma di Stoccolma (Stockholms stadsvapen in svedese) è lo stemma della capitale svedese Stoccolma.

Descrizione
Lo stemma è formato da uno scudo azzurro all'interno del quale è raffigurata la testa, d'oro, del re svedese Erik IX, considerato il santo patrono, non solo di Stoccolma, ma anche di tutta la Svezia.

Voci correlate

Stemma della Svezia
Stoccolma

Altri progetti

Stoccolma
Stoccolma


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Early Release Exploit for MS14-068 Vulnerability (Affecting Kerberos)
BY: Flavio de Cristofaro
Latest from CoreLabs
A few weeks ago a critical vulnerability (MS14-068) affecting Windows environments was published by Microsoft (credited to Tom Maddock and team). Specifically, the vulnerability affects Kerberos:
[The vulnerability will] allow an attacker to elevate unprivileged domain user account privileges to those of the domain administrator account. An attacker could use these elevated privileges to compromise any computer in the domain, including domain controllers. An attacker must have valid domain credentials to exploit this vulnerability. The affected component is available remotely to users who have standard user accounts with domain credentials; this is not the case for users with local account credentials only. When this security bulletin was issued, Microsoft was aware of limited, targeted attacks that attempt to exploit this vulnerability.
There was no public PoC available for exploiting this vulnerability until Sylvain Monné shared one with the community on Friday, December 5. This PoC makes it possible to create a Kerberos ticket that will impersonate a normal user as Domain Admin (among other groups). Over the weekend, we were able to publish an Impacket script that enables the community to verify the presence of the vulnerability by providing access to a SYSTEM shell at the target. At the same time, we made an early release exploit for Core Impact available to our customers, so they can test their environments against this vulnerability.
The new exploit allows Core Impact users to easily install an agent on a domain controller or any Windows machine that belongs to a given domain via a standard domain user account with no special privileges. For example, if you have generic restricted user accounts for meeting rooms and you haven't patched your machines, you are at risk. This attack can be launched directly from the Impact console, or by pivoting through another already compromised system.


I once had a conversation with a friend about having a "full plate." Many times people talk about how much they have going on and that there really isn't room for more. My friend's advice during that conversation was to "get a bigger plate." Since the plate is being used as a metaphor, then, theoretically, it sounded like a good idea. A bigger plate to me, though, seems like it would be clumsier and more challenging to balance. I have never been a server where I have had to balance plates on a tray and I cannot make a direct comparison. From observation, what I can say is that servers usually end up with multiple trays and help – from other servers and with a portable stand to set down their trays and serve from there.
This conversation has specifically been in my mind lately as I think about all of what I do – school, work, Startup Grind, Hacker Gals, and a research project, besides having to make sure I have food to eat, pay bills, and a spot to work on everything, such as writing this post right now. The "plate" is definitely too heavy and clunky, and I have had way too many pizzas to eat lately. Things have to change.
That last thought about things changing was something I connect to Mary Poppins. In the story I remember watching, Mary Poppins flies in (via her umbrella!) to a place where she is needed, and stays until the winds change. It was quite windy the past few days, which had me thinking about this even more. I feel a shift, although just like Mary Poppins, I don't know where the wind is going to take me. I only know that things are changing. In my case, I believe that the tray needs to be more manageable so there is more of a benefit from each plate.
As a part of that, I have been trying to accomplish tasks that will get me to a bigger goal. For example, I've wanted to be able to travel internationally for a long time (or even visit Canada again), and I have never had a passport. When I have attempted to save money for the cost, the funds ended up being used for something else. Also, I was officially divorced over 7 years ago and had not legally changed my name back and really wanted a passport in my maiden name. This whole process came up recently because one way to travel internationally is to study abroad, and that is something else I have wanted to do. I had a conversation with someone in that department at school, and she had suggested that I start with the passport, except I knew I had to start with the name change. Seems big, right?
For some reason, I had thought that I couldn't change back my last name after a year without going through the name change process. I started looking at it again and called to verify where I would go for the name change process. The lady who answered the phone saved me about $300 (the approximate cost of all the steps in the name change process) when she suggested I at least try using my divorce decree at the Social Security Administration office and the Secretary of State. It turned out that the lady had a great suggestion and now I can officially start the checklist for studying abroad. Where will the wind take me and will my plate be too heavy, too light, or just right?
It was my favorite Sunday night of the month a few days ago when I ended up in a conversation with Kaitlin Rose, the songwriter who was showcased at the Chili Pepper Write Night. When Kaitlin was up on stage she had mentioned that she is usually a happy, peppy person who helps bring that out in others. For those times when she is in a different mood, that is usually where she gets her song ideas. What we were discussing was how that puts you out there. Writing the blog posts like I do here is the same thing. Sometimes that makes us an open book with what and how we express to the world, That is not easy, and sometimes it seems scary. At the same time, it is a necessity. Without the writing, those thoughts and feelings would not have a place to go. I post to a blog through the computer while Kaitlin expresses hers with music through her guitar. What would we do without music or words?
What does any of this have to do with what you are waiting to read about? Well, it goes like this: I mentioned in the post The Break that part of being back in school has included the opportunity to work on a business idea. The business, in many ways, is an extension of myself, and that makes it challenging since I know the emotional aspect to it. Right now, the name of it is Women's Center of Kalamazoo, and the idea is to have a women's community group and be able to help each other by breaking down the barriers to success. I thought of this because of my own experiences and the discussions I found myself getting involved in over and over again.
My story starts with a journey I purposely began six years ago towards self-improvement. During this time I got divorced, I have lost weight, and I finished graduate school. To accomplish these things, I was pretty much on my own and always searching others out for help or ideas. While doing that, others would discover this and ask ME questions, making me the mentor. My idea is to put all that together within a community. Everyone has strengths and things they want to improve. The community I have started to build would give the chance to learn from each other on a wide range of topics. Last week, we learned about line dancing, and had a blast doing it!
Another reason I was inspired and have even wanted to work on this is from being involved in Kalamazoo's start-up community during the last year or so. I have made friends with people like the guys pictured above and am able to attend current and new events, such as the one this week, Startup Grind. Although I am not sure how the story will end, I see the point as being willing to try the journey in the first place. The last few months especially have been some of the most challenging and clearly the most rewarding. Ready or not, here I am!
What are your thoughts or personal experiences on any of this?
It's hard to believe that the start of the next month is also the start of my next year. This isn't meant as a means for getting extra birthday wishes, although I appreciate that, too! Instead, it is a reflection of how important the celebrations are and have become to me.
My birthday was on a Thursday, and, at the time, I was volunteering at the Full Circle seminar Coping with Divorce, which was the first chance to see friends and celebrate.
One of my favorite local events is Art Hop. I usually go with my friends I know from the Kalamazoo Jaycees. However, the fun part is how many OTHERS I run into. Sometimes that is a pretty high number. That particular night I had a birthday serenade, mingled with mimes, and danced to Elvis, all while hanging out with friends.
The final night was my actual "liberation and birthday" party that my friends let me have at their house. Of course, there was a cake, and I was able to see a different mix of people, with some overlap from the previous two nights.
I am forever grateful for all my friends who were involved and celebrated with me that year.
The next year, my birthday was on a Friday, and also Art Hop night. Going out to eat after Art Hop, which was typical, became my main birthday celebration. Thanks to all those who made it a special night, especially the two pictured with me. The day after my birthday I participated in the WMU Classic 5k (as a walker) and attended a pancake breakfast. At the breakfast, I happened to win a football autographed by Greg Jennings. Woo, hoo!
The third year of doing this, which was last year (2011) it was back to the party format. If you have been following along on the stories, then you know that karaoke was a big part of my life, and, specifically, I was hanging out at a particular place. When my friend, who was working there at the time, told me there was going to be THREE days of karaoke, I knew where I was having my birthday party on that Saturday night. I had a cake, and, more importantly, not only did many friends come to celebrate with me, including Shari, who traveled across the state, I had my "regular" friends I had met there.
It's hard to believe an entire year has gone by. I am super thankful for all the friends who came out and the ones there who helped set it up. They all made it a fantastic weekend.
I am also thankful to everyone who acknowledged me for my birthday, even if they were not a part of the specific celebrations. Thank you for taking the time to think of me on my birthday!
I'm sure my ex-husband would brush off this next birthday, too. I was always going to be younger than him and my age "just a number." This is the first one where the "number" is starting to seem significant as I head into mid-40's. It doesn't matter how old I look since I know the truth. Still, given that, I am always excited to celebrate. The next story of my birthday celebrations has already begun, and I thank you for reading this and, if you are one of the people celebrating with me, I appreciate you!
Ever since I can remember, I've always had guy friends, along with female friends. When really young, such as elementary school age or younger, the boys were people I knew: in classes, living on the same block, my brother and cousins, etc. Eventually, it started getting more complicated because the crush that cannot be expressed well at 4 years of age suddenly becomes all that is discussed during pre-teen and teen years.
In fact, the "crushes" many times were not for peers. They were about movie, TV and other stars. I fit in differently as far as the conversations. At the time, I was more interested in hearing about local sports teams and the topics guy classmates would talk about versus some of the girl discussions, and was able to be a part of both worlds.
Of course, as life continued into high school, college, and, for awhile, married life, maintaining male friendships becomes even MORE complicated. Aside from marriage, I managed to continue with male or female friends. While married, whether he saw something that I didn't, was being protective, or was jealous, it was rare that my (ex)husband approved of any male as a friend. In some ways this point is ironic because it was usually his male friends who would approach me when he was not around, which I would tell him, and he didn't drop any of the friendships based on that information.
Almost four years ago I filed for divorce, which has placed me back in the "single" category. Within the year prior and definitely since, I have met many new people and gained a wide variety of friends. They might be male or they might be female. To me, it doesn't matter. However, just as my (ex)husband did not care for me to have male friends, sometimes it gets complicated when I have male friends who are in a relationship. After all, I am the single female and I might be after their guy. I try to be careful of that, too. My parents' marriage ended after my dad found a new female friend and we hung out as two families, at least until he moved out. On the one hand, I don't want to cause a break up. On the other, when these situations occur, it is probably because the relationship was not stable anyways. Still, I do not want to be in the middle or the cause of anything like that, so I try to be sensitive and modify or drop friendships when necessary.
One of my friends teases me about having a "harem" of guys. I am happy having the mix of friends and I hope that will continue especially when my status changes at some point to "in a relationship." Meanwhile, I try to be sensitive in this case, too, and not lead anyone on if I know I am not interested beyond friendship. I learn a lot from the variety of friends and don't want that to change.
What are your thoughts? Do you have a mix of friends or does that become complicated? If you are in a relationship, are most of your friends in a relationship, too?


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Wagner Festival in Leipzig
29 Jun — 4 Jul 2022 | Tour Director: Sandy Burnett
Leipzig Opera House by Marvin Radke licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0
• Attend three of Wagner's most acclaimed works – Lohengrin, Tristan und Isolde and Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg – in the city of his birth
• Take a day trip to Dresden, home to the splendid Semper Opera House where Wagner premiered several works
• Enjoy the wider musical delights of Leipzig, from the Mendelssohn House Museum to the celebrated Bach-Archiv
Born in 1813 in Leipzig, Richard Wagner undertook much of his musical education in the city, and its myriad of musical offerings left a significant mark on his own development. Indeed, it was while attending Leipzig University that Wagner embarked upon the first of his major compositions, the beginning of a lifelong career that would encompass his majestic Ring as well as numerous other works.
Given his connection with the city, it is hardly surprising that Wagner's music has come to play an integral role in Leipzig's operatic calendar; 2022 takes things one step further, however, as the city prepares to present all thirteen of the composer's operas in the order in which they were written. We are delighted to be able to attend a part of this very special event, taking in three of his most celebrated works: Lohengrin, Tristan und Isolde and Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg.
Arriving at Leipzig's stunning opera house, which traces its musical heritage back to the late 17th century, we will take our seats for each of the three performances spread over a five-night period. Our first was composed in Dresden prior to Wagner's exile to Switzerland: inspired by medieval German romance, layered with tension between the godly and the mundane, we will experience the desperation of Elsa to know the true name of her protector – the Swan Knight Lohengrin – who is doomed to leave her if she asks.
Tristan und Isolde also takes its cue from chivalric romance, however its music – inspired greatly by the philosophy of Schopenhauer – was well ahead of its time, helping to lay the groundwork for much of what was to come in the 20th century.
We end with a change both of tone and of scene: Wagner's only comedy, Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg, is a riotous tale of tradition versus innovation wrapped around a simple love story, in a work that truly showcases the composer's versatility and dramatic genius.
We will be joined for these performances by our Tour Director, musician and broadcaster Sandy Burnett, who will help us to look beyond the surface of these famous works in a series of expert lectures. Sandy will also accompany us on a range of cultural visits, as well as giving us opportunities to explore our surroundings independently.
Leipzig is a treasure trove of musical delights, from a museum dedicated to Mendelssohn's life and musical career in the city, to one of the most important centres for Bach scholarship in the world. Journeying to Saxony's capital of Dresden – Wagner's home for more than twenty years, and where he was working as Kapellmeister when he composed Lohengrin – we will explore the composer's musical development over time. We will take in the city's Frauenkirche, a spectacular example of Protestant sacred architecture, in addition to a tour of the Semper Opera House (subject to confirmation), which has staged several Wagnerian premieres including Tannhäuser and The Flying Dutchman.
We stay in the centre of Leipzig at the Seaside Park Hotel, a four-star Art Deco residence situated within easy walking distance of the opera house.
This tour will be led by musician and broadcaster Sandy Burnett, MA. A graduate of St Catharine's College, Cambridge, Sandy spent a decade as one of the core team of presenters on BBC Radio 3, where he hosted the breakfast programme, presented live from the Proms and Edinburgh Festival, and interviewed many of the world's finest musicians. Conducting credits include a complete cycle of Bach cantatas as well as work with the Royal Shakespeare Company, Royal National Theatre and in London's West End. As a double bassist he collaborates with many leading musicians from the UK and beyond. He is the author of The Idler Guide to Classical Music, runs an online music Listening Club, and was appointed the Academy of Ancient Music's Hogwood Fellow for the 2018/19 season.
Sandy Burnett,
a musician and former BBC Radio 3 broadcaster
Depart London Heathrow 1050 on British Airways, arriving Berlin 1340. Transfer to Seaside Park Hotel, Leipzig, for five nights. Welcome and introduction.
Morning lecture followed by orientation walking tour of Leipzig, including Wagner statue and Nikolaikirche. Free afternoon. Early evening performance at Leipzig Opera House: Lohengrin.
Morning lecture followed by visit to the Mendelssohn House Museum for guided tour. Free afternoon. Early evening performance at Leipzig Opera House: Tristan und Isolde.
Whole day excursion to Dresden, including visit to the Frauenkirche, guided tour of the Semperoper (subject to confirmation) and free time for exploration. Free evening.
Morning lecture followed by visit to Bach Archive Museum (the world's pre-eminent centre of Bach scholarship). Early evening performance at Leipzig Opera House: Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg.
Köthen Castle (where Bach served as Kapellmeister for Prince Leopold – time allowing). Continue to Berlin for 1645 departure, arriving Heathrow 1745.
29 Jun — 4 Jul 2022
WFLP-22
"Interesting and varied visits in Leipzig and an excellent day trip to Dresden. Excellent lectures from Sandy Burnett."
ACE customer on previous Wagner in Leipzig tour with Sandy Burnett
FITNESS/PRACTICALITIES
This tour requires a good level of fitness, and participants must meet ACE's usual fitness criteria, as found in our Booking Terms & Conditions. The itinerary will be taken at a relaxed pace, with free time around the performances, but participants should be comfortable undertaking short walking tours in Leipzig and Dresden. These sometimes involve cobbles and uneven surfaces.
For customers who wish to make their own travel arrangements, ACE is pleased to be able to offer a flight reduction of £170.
Cost of £2595 includes: return airfare, accommodation based on sharing a twin or double bedded room, performances as described, breakfast, three lunches, three opera plates, one dinner with water & coffee, excursions & admissions, gratuities.
Not included: travel insurance, single room supplement £185.


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Short of the Week
TV / Series
A Hotel To Call Home
Remembering when Stevie Nicks covered Bob Dylan song 'Just Like A Woman'
From Keith Moon to John Bonham: Rush's Neil Peart's favourite drummers of all time
Is 'Breaking Bad' the greatest TV series of all time?
Listen to Father John Misty's new song which was rejected by Bradley Cooper for 'A Star Is Born'
Emma Tillman
Far Out Staff· June 17, 2019
Father John Misty has performed his new song which he claimed was written to appear in Bradley Cooper's Oscar-winning film A Star Is Born.
While performing at a sold out show in Minneapolis on Friday, Misty introduced his new song by saying: "I'm trying to remember my Star Is Born song" before his he added: "Now imagine I'm a time traveling Bradley Cooper" while his band played.
While the song drew to a close, Misty added: "Yeah, that would've sucked. I've seen that movie."
"There's really no place in that movie for that song. Unless he was bombing at Coachella or something."
Watch the clip below at the 1:20:00 mark:
While Misty's song would have undoubtedly changed the dynamic of a scene in the film, Cooper's decision to cast himself was the biggest turnaround.
Last year we reported that Cooper had initially approached White Stripes frontman Jack White about playing the lead role in his directional debut A Star Is Born.
White, who previously took his talents to the big screen when he played Elvis Presley in musical parody Walk Hard: The Dewey Cox Story, was forced to turn down Cooper's approach because of scheduling.
The film, which stars himself and Lady Gaga, marks the directorial debut of four-time Oscarnominee Cooper and was given its out-of-competition world premiere at the 75th Venice International Film Festival. Its success has been unparalleled and is expected to be heavily involved in the upcoming awards season. However, Cooper revealed in an interview with Variety that he had initially eyed up another person for the lead: "I saw this other person that I wanted to do this, who is an actual musician," he said before adding: "But [the studio] wouldn't make the movie with him."
A source close to the publication also revealed that it was, in fact, White who was Cooper's first choice. However, despite the scheduling conflict, the decision to move for the White Stripes man was vetoed by production executives.
[MORE] – New Zealand change 'A Star Is Born' classification because teens are "severely triggered"
Listen to Jerry Garcia's isolated guitar on The Grateful Dead's 'Truckin"
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DessertBuzz continues its coverage of Top Chef: Just Desserts with a look at the judges. Got to the DessertBuzz "Just Desserts" main page here.
As I said in the preview post Bravo picked a really nice selction of judges for "Just Desserts". Recently, I've been reading up on the newest judge and fellow Greek actually the name is Lebanese, Dannielle Kyrillos from Daily Candy. It turns out she has excellent taste in Desserts. In this Daily Candy post from Saturday she recommends an excellent selection of desserts that span from the fancy pants like Jean Georges Chocolate Tasting, to the the off-the-beaten-path: Egg Custard King – egg custard buns. Impressive. She also seems to like many DessertBuzz standards such as Spot Dessert Bar and Blue Ribbon Bakery. There it is. I like her.


New Year's Eve 1962 Editorial by Samuel E. Warren Jr.
A childhood memory can last a lifetime.
The impact of a memory can affect the way you view an issue in Life.
This New Year's Eve memory provided the framework for my approach to celebrations, especially, New Year's Eve.
The New Year's Eve memory of childhood always inspired me to carry out my own memorable New Year's Eve celebration through the years.
Opal M. DeLong Warren, a tall brunette, and my mother, stands at the sink in the kitchen washing dishes.
The large kitchen has cabinets against the far wall. In the center, is the small window, that looks out over the backyard to the garage.
Underneath the window is a counter with a double sink. It is the 1960s, so the overhead cabinets and the counter cabinets are the same type of lacquered wood.
The counter top is a black vinyl with short silver lines erratically positioned throughout the counter top.
The linoleum floor emerges from under the counter and passes under the rectangular art deco table that seats six.
The dividing line across the top of the table allows for a drop in leaf that allows the table to expand to accommodate more people at the table. The black vinyl counter top pattern is repeated on the table.
A large Lazy Susan, sits at the far end of the table, usually it just collects misplaced envelopes and entertains a child's imagination because the two large wood disks turn.
The six art deco chairs match the table;however, the back and the seats are a gaudy red material held in place by silver chrome hubcap buttons around the edges of the material.
The table sits East to West in the North to South kitchen, The obvious emphasis of the room is on the South. All the furniture and appliances seem to move toward the far wall.
Behind the head chair is a smaller art deco table under a two door white metal wall mounted cabinet that doesn't seem to belong.
Under the cabinet is a shorter art deco table, that's main purpose was usually to hold the electric gray AM radio.
Beside the table, is the large ice box. The wooden wall by the ice box extends at least eight feet under the cathedral ceiling to the wall into the formal living room.
About four feet away from the door of the ice box, sits the plastic, vinyl green sofa with a pattern of repeating octagons. The sofa sits the border for the living room.
The distant wall contains the door in the center into the formal living room.
The door in that far wall was always my nemesis.
Once the sun, went down I would not go through that door. Somewhere in my young life, I had heard "The Story Of The Boogeyman." I was convinced at night, the Boogeyman waited on the other side of that door, waiting for someone to turn the door knob.
The corner of the far wall was the most important because a nightstand table supports the black and white TV.
The home at 313th East 26th Street is a large white shingled house with a screened in front porch.
The cathedral ceilings throughout the house towered above me and always made me feel at home. The irony is I was a small boy under ceilings usually used in omnipotent structures like the Westminster Abbey.
A curious construction technique had several columns of concrete blocks to rest in a surrounding pattern under the house.
The house may have been moved to this location and the block had yet to be removed. In childhood, it was interesting to be able to look under your home.
However, the horizontal three-step concrete step under the screened in porch, established that the home had found a port to drop anchor and ride out Life's storms.
The large house dominated the lot. A small front yard and a small back yard were connected by an extremely narrow driveway.
The chipped and cracked shingles of the house were evidence that a driver had to be careful driving down or backing out of the narrow driveway.
The large structure at the back of the yard was the two car garage that never housed more than one car. The space to the right was storage and my large wooden toy box.
The cyclone fence around the property established the borders. A small gate, in front of the screened in porch allowed a visitor access to the front door, which was really the back door.
Two small standing metal lions faced each other on the tops of the double gate that protected the driveway.
Down the slender driveway, about six feet from the end of the house is the slender door, which is a screen door, in front of a wood and glass door.
The side door seems almost an after thought. The side door opens into the kitchen. Salesmen who knocked at the front door went unanswered.
Night is in command over Houston, Texas. "Wagon Train" or "Rawhide" is not on, so the TV blabs on unwatched.
I am six years old. I have no concept of New Year's Eve or New Year's Day.
Momma washes the dishes. I sit on the floor, in front of the sofa, and play with my plastic cowboys, Indians and horses.
Momma and I had moved to the farm in Missouri. But, "The Dream House" dream kept us shuttling back and forth between Galena, Missouri and Houston, Texas.
Usually daddy came to Missouri. This year, we had celebrated Christmas in Houston and were getting ready to make the trip back to Galena, Missouri, after the New Year.
In Texas, when Daddy is working nights Momma would let me stay up until he comes home from his night job.
About 12:30 am., voices and laughter echo down the corridor outside the kitchen door. The pounding against the kitchen screen door causes momma to turn and look into the neighbor's smiling faces.
Momma opens the door. Since the house is anchored on pillars of concrete blocks, people at the door stand about a foot below the entrance into the house. Thus, a visitor always has to look up at you.
Warrens and DeLongs are all long-legged, so stepping up to step in was never a problem.
The secret is the back door into the backyard and the screened-in porch door to the front yard usually got more use by the Warrens, who lived in the house.
The culture of the United States has become more flexible in the area of religion through the years, but at the start of the 1960s conservative morals and ethics ruled the day, especially in the Ozarks and in the South.
It would be difficult to imagine that public celebrations would have been held on a Sunday, a traditionally religious day.
Nightclubs and bars would have had to had a celebration on Saturday, December 30, 1961 and kept their doors closed on Sunday, December 31, 1961.
In this era, states had "Blue Laws", which did not allow alcohol to be sold on Sunday.
Of course, when you are six years old, it is just "neat" to be able to stay up until midnight.
Momma stands at the door talking to the festive neighbors. I naturally rush to see what is happening.
He hugs his wife, Wanda. She is a statuesque redhead in a sequined midnight blue cocktail dress. Her hair is up. The cardboard silver glitter tiara brandishes : Happy New Year. Wanda's red hair outshines the tiara.
Standing on the driveway, they look up and wish momma, "A Happy New Year." Then, then launch into a detailed account of the evening's exploits.
Tom worked for "Ma Bell", the telephone company. Since December 31 fell on a Sunday, they must have came to our house from an office New Year's Party.
Tom's arm at the back of his wife emerges and grips a huge champagne bottle. Two plastic upturned champagne glasses dangle from Tom's other hand.
My mind recorded the smiles, enthusiasm, joy, happiness and the waves of emotion that rippled forth, while Tom and Wanda told momma about their New Year's Eve celebration.
When I became a young man and could celebrate my own New Year's Eve, I always remembered Tom and Wanda in their New Year's Eve attire and the enthusiasm they exhibited to welcome in the new year in style.
Likewise, I always attempted to embody the zeal, zest and optimistic enthusiasm that they displayed in their celebration.
Through the years, I'm confident I have met, and, perhaps exceeded, their level of celebration energy.
The lesson I learned is the beginning of a year should always be a monumental event. A monumental event always creates a memory.
The outcome of how the monumental event effects you depends on the energy, effort and dedication that you put into the event. The result is you end up with a positive or a negative memory.
The World At Large has changed since the 1970s. Now, there are rules and consequences to partying and celebrations.
Celebrations overall are more toned down, less impulsive and spontaneous. In the US, cities make it a point to organize New Year's Eve celebrations that they can control.
Future generations will learn to "party" and "celebrate" within a more reserved set of social guidelines.
The emphasis on global terrorism and security have done much to implement controls over public celebrations.
The change might not be a bad idea. Nonetheless, New Year's Eve should always be considered monumental.
In my guru years, I observe the celebrations. I watch the youth take center stage. The unknown expectations of the future still seem to remain in the hopes and dreams of youth. The masses on television still exude the exuberance of hope in front of the TV cameras.
I have switched the tiny bubbles of sweet champagne for cold bottles of rum.
Alas, I still believe the spirit of most celebrations usually involves a certain amount of distilled spirits.
Experience reminds you to be responsible and aware in your use of distilled spirits.
The New Year should always be heralded as a monumental moment to set the tone of the days to unfold. Each New Year's Eve celebration should be a positive memory maker.
When my New Year's Eve event approaches, I always see Thomas Jack and Wanda Brinkley in their New Year's Eve attire smile in my memory and I am ready to celebrate and face The New Year.
The familiar silhouette of Uncle Sam on the sign above the streets of Tacloban City advertises a restaurant with a truly American cuisine.
On trips to Tacloban City, I kept looking out the passenger window looking for the familiar image and the words, "Uncle Sam." I could not remember the street. But, I definitely knew that I wanted to stop in and look at the menu.
Saturday, March 3, 2012, I glance out the passenger window and see the famous silhouette. "Here ! Stop, here," I shrieked !
If you stroll along Santo Nino Street in Tacloban City, the bright red paint is the first indication that you have found the Uncle Sam Restaurant.
Christy, Ninoy, Marife, Ranyiel, Mac Mac and Chrismar entered the restaurant behind me.
Beneath my feet, I stood on a blue and white checkerboard pattern. Around me, red and white stripes unfurl around the walls. Above me, I stare up into a star spangled sky.
The feeling of being in an American Graffiti restaurant in the 1950s came over me. For an instant, my "ride". a 1957 Plymouth, I call "Christine" is parked outside. Teeny boppers in ponytails and poodle skirts pop their bubble gum and fidgeted with their pony tails. The smell of Brylcream fills the air as the combs of young men pass through their slicked down hair and they do their best Marlon Brando impression to flirt with the young girls. The sizzling of thick, juicy hamburgers gives way to Wolfman Jack screaming through the radio about the latest 45 to top the charts. Then, the jukebox whirls and the Elvis Presley, the "King of Rock and Roll" sings. I glimpse out the window to make sure Suzanne Somers is not driving past in a white 1957 Ford Thunderbird.
A portion of the Star Spangled Sky of the Uncle Sam Restaurant in Tacloban City stretches out over the customers.
I stand smiling, for a moment. I look again at the walls I feel at home in the new surroundings. For an instant, I feel like I'm back in the "Good Ole USA." The center wall montage immediately catches my eye. Uncle Sam stares out of the center flanked by the Statue of Liberty, Mount Rushmore, the space shuttle, the Las Vegas sign and the Golden Gate Bridge.
"Uncle Sam",the classic American icon that Political Cartoonist Thomas Nast created to represent the American people is the centerpiece of this United States montage that honors national landmarks and challenges customers' sense of history as to the significance of the national symbols. Photo by Samuel E. Warren Jr.
The waiter came to take our order, but I had dashed to the center wall to look at the familiar images. I called to the boys to come look at the wall. Poor kids. It is Saturday and their uncle suddenly bursts into an American history lesson.
I pontificated how Uncle Sam had been a Chicago, Illinois meat packing inspector named Sam, who put the letters U.S., on the crates. Then, how American political cartoonist, Thomas Nast came along and began drawing Uncle Sam as a character for newspapers. And, how that popularity carried on and in World War I, the United States Armed Forces began using the image of Uncle Sam on military recruiting posters.
While the boys looked around at the décor, like an excited history teacher, I explained how the Statue of Liberty was a gift from France to celebrate America's 100th birthday and then, I pointed out George Washington, Thomas Jefferson and Theodore Roosevelt on Mount Rushmore.
My wife, Christy, looked at the menu. She smiles and shakes her head – she knows how I enjoy talking about history. The boys looked at the large screen TV, which had been switched to the Cartoon Network.
This wall in the Uncle Sam Restaurant hosts the photos of famous American celebrities like Frank Sinatra, Marilyn Monroe, Madonna, Michael Jackson, and, of course, the famous historical photo of United States General of the Army Douglas MacArthur and the official party wading ashore in the Leyte Gulf, a few kilometers, outside Tacloban City. Photo by Samuel E. Warren Jr.
However, their "Uncle Sam" called to them to point out the Americana on the walls. I explained to them that the young Marlon Brando photo had the actor playing a rebel on a motorcycle and it made him an "American Bad Boy." The photo of James Dean was of a young actor, who earned the title of being "The Rebel." I point at the Frank Sinatra photo and explained that the actor and singer, was known as, "Old Blue Eyes." Marilyn Monroe was the blonde screen goddess of the United States in the 1960s.
I pointed out Madonna and Ranyiel recognized, "Michael Jackson !" Riding the history wave, I directed the boys to the photos of American films on the walls from "Meet Joe Black" to "Titanic." Of course, I added my movie critic comments for each of the framed movie photos.
This red sidewalk with gold stars is the "Walk Of Fame" that leads you to the Uncle Sam Restaurant in Tacloban City. Photo by Samuel E. Warren Jr.
Finally, I freed the boys from my impromptu history class to allow them to take their seats, watch cartoons and wait for their meals.
I am no food critic. But, I was smiling when I looked at the American dishes on the menu.
Christy and the rest of the family ordered the Buffalo Wings. And, I ordered the Very Berry Strawberry shakes for everyone.
Ribs, mashed potatoes and corn on the cob. Back in The Ozarks, my folks, would call this dish a good "home cooked" meal. This dish at the Uncle Sam Restaurant in Tacloban City was delicious. Photo by Samuel E. Warren Jr.
I love the taste of the sauce. I loved the taste of the sauce so much, that I did something completely out of character for me . . . "I licked my fingers." I describe the meat as righteous ribs and superb sauce as the waiter trades my white napkin for a fresh red one.
The corn of the cob tasted as fresh as if it had been picked off the stalk and cooked.
Country boy, that I am, I was ecstatic to see "mashed potatoes" on the menu.
I'm sure Emeril and the great French chefs would not consider "mashed potatoes" a dessert, but, they haven't gone for a couple of months without being able to plunge a spoon into steaming mashed potatoes and have the mashed potatoes melt in your mouth.
I could not help but smile when the waiter told us that the restaurant opened for business on "The Fourth Of July" 2011.
My appetite for "home cooked American cuisine" had me smiling as I put the napkin to my lips. I raised my hand to call the waiter for the menu.
My intent was to feast my eyes on their menu once again. Christy spoke up and reminded me that we still had some errands to run. I nodded and promised myself to return with a hearty appetite in the near future.
My wife, Christy Warren, ordered the Uncle Sam Restaurant's Buffalo Wings, rice pilaf and the grilled tomatoes. If you have a Texas size appetite for a thick juicy steak or some ribs, then, you should definitely visit Uncle Sam in Tacloban City. Photo by Samuel E. Warren Jr.
I did return – Tuesday afternoon. My wife, Christy ordered the mango shake. Fe ordered a banana split. Ninoy and I ordered the Angus Beef Burger. For a country boy, who grew up in rural southwest Missouri in the Ozarks, surrounded by Black Angus, Red Angus and Brangus cattle, the juicy hamburger brought back memories in every bite.
The succulent Angus Beef Burger satisfied my appetite for a thick, juicy hamburger. Photo by Samuel E. Warren Jr.
The Uncle Sam Restaurant in Tacloban City is on Santo Nino Street. The Uncle Sam Restaurant is my five star choice when I want American cuisine.
For the latest information about the Uncle Sam Restaurant in Tacloban City, Republic of the Philippines type in your computer search engine: facebook Uncle Sam Restaurant or click this link: Uncle Sam Restaurant, Tacloban City, Philippines Photo by Samuel E. Warren Jr.
If after you read this article and you stop by the Uncle Sam Restaurant for a meal tell them, "Uncle Sam" sent you.
"Uncle Sam"uel E. Warren Jr.


text:
3 decades later, Oxford Circle horror recalled
An eighth-floor Philadelphia courtroom turned into a time machine Tuesday, reaching back to the early hours of Aug. 24, 1985, when, prosecutors say, Daniel Dougherty killed his two young sons by setting fire to the family home.
by By Jeff Gammage, Staff Writer
Old black-and-white photos of the burned Oxford Circle rowhouse were shown on a screen. The boys' babysitter that night - then 9, now a grown woman - testified how she put the children to bed. A now-retired police officer told the jury how he arrived at a horror scene, knowing that children were inside the house and seeing flames "coming out like a blast furnace."
"That's something you don't forget," former Sgt. William Rhoads testified.
Seventeen years ago, Dougherty was tried, convicted, and sentenced to death for the murder of 4-year-old Daniel Jr. and 3-year-old John at their Carver Street house.
Dougherty, 56, has always insisted that he is innocent, that he awoke to a house ablaze, ran outside, then tried desperately to rescue his boys. Nearly 31 years later, he's counting on advances in fire science to prove he committed no crime.
The case holds national implications, a prime example of evolving fire science that has freed some inmates and brought the guilt of others into question. Scientists now dismiss many of what once were considered classic signs of arson, fueling a debate over how the justice system should handle convictions based on now-discarded beliefs.
Dougherty in 2014 was granted a new trial after an appellate court found that his lawyer's failures so skewed the original proceeding that "no reliable adjudication of guilt or innocence took place."
In opening arguments Tuesday, Assistant District Attorney Jude Conroy said evidence would show Dougherty was guilty not beyond a reasonable doubt, but beyond all doubt.
He said a drunk and angry Dougherty ended up alone in the home, his two sons upstairs, after battling both his girlfriend, Kathleen Schuler, with whom he lived, and the boys' mother, Kathleen Dippel, from whom he was separated.
"An open flame," Conroy said, describing the fire's source. "To the couch, to the love seat, to items under the table."
Conroy said he would present the earlier testimony of John Quinn, who at the time of the blaze was an assistant city fire marshal. Quinn, Conroy said, got it right when he ruled the fire an arson, based on burn patterns that showed the fire started in three places.
But if Quinn and police were certain of Dougherty's guilt, defense lawyer David Fryman asked, why didn't they arrest him that day? Or a month later? The evidence against him was known, he said. But he wasn't arrested until 14 years later, in 1999.
Fryman called the original inquiry "flawed," saying investigators failed even to take a standard photo of the stove, to show whether the knobs were in an on or off position.
"The commonwealth claim that this fire was intentionally set doesn't have any validity," he said.
Fryman did not tell the jury the circumstances around Dougherty's arrest. The Inquirer reported at the time that Dougherty was charged after his estranged second wife, Adrienne Sussman, then battling him for custody of their son, Stephen, called police and told them he had confessed to her.
She never testified at his original trial. She has died. Dougherty's original lawyer, Thomas Ciccone, has died, too. So have other potential witnesses.
Former officer Rhoads testified that upon reaching the scene, he helped another officer handcuff a crazed, near-hysterical Dougherty outside the burning home.
His memory isn't as good now as it was 32 years ago, Rhoads said, but he distinctly recalls how Dougherty answered when asked for his name:
"My name is mud and I should die for what I did."
Rhoads, believing that was an admission of guilt, had Dougherty transported to the homicide division, but he was not charged.
That single sentence was the only thing Dougherty said, Rhoads testified under defense questioning Tuesday.
"You didn't hear him crying for someone to save his children?" counsel Shannon Farmer asked.
"No," Rhoads answered.
"Your testimony is he was in a silent hysteria?"
It's unclear if the jury knows it's hearing a retrial. The attorneys have referred only to "an earlier proceeding."
Dougherty's death sentence was vacated in 2012, becoming a life sentence, after prosecutors agreed with the defense on the ineffectiveness of his trial lawyer.
jgammage@phillynews.com
215-854-4906 @JeffGammage
By Jeff Gammage, Staff Writer


text:
Q: prove that $\forall k\in \mathbb Z$ if $(m,n)=1$(coprimes) then $(k,m,n)=1$ Prove that $\forall k\in \mathbb Z$ if $(m,n)=1$(coprimes) then $(k,m,n)=1$
I did this by contradiction:
let $d=(k,m,n)$ so that $d\neq 1$; by definition of greatest  common divisor $d|k, d|m, d|n$ and by hypothesis we have that $(m,n)=1$ so that means that $d$ must be equal to 1 but this is a contradiction so $(k,m,n)=1$
I just want you to tell me if this prove is correct please

A: It is correct, though you may want to expand a bit on why $d$ must be equal to 1 (use the remaining property of the greatest common divisor).
It may also be more elegant without the use of contradiction. Start with $d = (k,m,n)$ without the $d \neq 1$ condition. Following your argument, $d = 1$ so $(k,m,n)=1$.

A: Yes, the proof is fine. Directly it is: $\,(k,m,n)\mid m,n\,\Rightarrow (k,m,n)\mid (m,n)$
Alternatively: $\,\ (k,m,n) = (k,(m,n))\mid (m,n)$


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Pressure is growing on the gambling industry to clean up its act after the ad watchdog upheld complaints against Ladbrokes, 888, SkyBet and Casumo over ads placed by affiliates, that targeted vulnerable people with "fake news" claims about a punter who cleared his debts and paid for his wife's medical treatment by playing online casino games.
One of the ads, which appeared on three websites, referred to "William", who was £130,000 in debt after having to sell his house to pay for his wife's cancer-related medical bills.
It went on to explain how "William" stumbled upon an ad for Sky Vegas when he logged in to Facebook in the hospital lobby to update his friends and family on his wife's health.
The ad stated: "With little to no money to spend he admits he laughed and almost scrolled past it until he saw they were offering a promotion that would reward him with £10 free at the Jackpot 7 game, which at over £700,000 was too hard to pass up." It then claimed the man had won "over 30 times his annual salary in a single spin," adding that "his debt and financial worries came to an abrupt end".
The ads sparked a number of complaints to the Advertising Standards Authority, which branded the campaign "socially irresponsible" as it targeted vulnerable people.
The watchdog said the ads breached the UK non-broadcast advertising code because they suggested gambling "could provide an escape from personal problems such as depression and that it could be a solution to financial concerns". It also ruled that the ads gave the incorrect impression that they were genuine news articles.
And despite all four companies denying any prior knowledge of the campaign, the ASA warned all four that future ads, including those prepared by affiliates, must be clearly identifiable as marketing communications and prepared in a socially responsible way.
Last week, Sky Betting & Gaming pulled the plug on its affiliate marketing programme just days after claims that some affiliate sites deliberately push long-odds bets as they can earn huge commission from bookmakers on the losses their followers make.