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\title{{\bf \mbox{} \\A Hint on the External Field Problem for Matrix
Models}\vspace{.5cm}}
\author{{\bf L. Chekhov}\thanks{E--mail: \ chekhov@qft.mian.su}
\date{ }
\vspace{.5cm} \\
{\it Steklov Mathematical Institute} \\
{\it Vavilov st.42, GSP-1, 117966 Moscow, Russia}\\ \\
and \\ \\
{\bf Yu. Makeenko}\thanks{E--mail: \ makeenko@nbivax.nbi.dk \ \ / \ \
makeenko@desyvax.bitnet}
\vspace{.5cm} \\{\it The Niels Bohr Institute} \\
{\it Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark} \\
{\it and} \\
{\it Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics} \\
{\it B.Cheremuskinskaya 25, 117259 Moscow, Russia}}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\vspace{-16.6cm}

\begin{flushright}
hepth@xxx/9202006 \\ January 31, 1992
\end{flushright}

\vspace{13.8cm}

\begin{abstract}
We reexamine the external field problem for $N\times N$ hermitian one-matrix
models.
We prove an equivalence of the models with the potentials
$\tr{(\fr {1}{2N} X^2 + \log X - \Lambda X)}$ and $\sum_{k=1}^\infty t_k
\tr{X^k}$ providing the matrix $\Lambda$ is related to $\{t_k\}$ by
$t_k=\fr 1k \tr{\Lambda^{-k}}-\fr N2 \delta_{k2}$.
Based on this equivalence we formulate a method for calculating the
partition function by solving the Schwinger--Dyson equations
order by order of genus expansion.
Explicit calculations of the partition function and of correlators
of conformal operators with the puncture operator are presented in genus one.
These results support the conjecture that our models are associated
with the $c=1$ case in the same sense as the Kontsevich model describes $c=0$.
\end{abstract}

\noindent
Submitted to {\sl Physics Letters B}

\vspace*{\fill}\pagebreak

\newsection {Introduction}

The external field problem for matrix models has received recently much
attention due to the work by Kontsevich \cite{Kon91}. Generically, the
($N\times N$ hermitian) one-matrix model in an external field is defined by the
partition function
\begin{equation}
Z[\Lambda;N] = \int DX\, {\,\rm e}\,^{N\tr{(\Lambda X-V_0(X))}}
\label{1}
\end{equation}
where $V_0(X)$ is some potential. As follows from the results by
Kontsevich, this model with a cubic potential $V_0(X)\propto X^3$ describes
Witten's formulation \cite{Wit90} of 2D topological gravity.

The partition function (\ref{1}) can be calculated by the standard methods
of solving matrix models. While the orthogonal polynomial technique can
not be used due to the presence of the matrix $\Lambda$, the method
\cite{BN81} of Schwinger--Dyson equations written in terms of
eigenvalues of $\Lambda$ has been applied recently \cite{GN91,MS91} to
explicitly solve the Kontsevich model by genus expansion. An analogous
solution in genus zero has been obtained \cite{CM92} for the case of
the Kostov--Metha potential \cite{KM87}
\begin{equation}
V_0(X)={\textstyle{1\over 2}} X^2 - \alpha \log X ,
\label{2}
\end{equation}
when it is associated with an external field problem for the Penner
model \cite{Pen86}.

The external field $\Lambda$ in Eq.(\ref{1}) plays a role of a source for
correlators of $\tr{X^k}$ which can be obtained by differentiating
w.r.t.\ $\Lambda$ and putting then $\Lambda=0$. An alternative way to calculate
these correlators is to introduce the most general potential
\begin{equation}
V(X)=\sum_{k=0}^\infty t_kX^k
\label{3}
\end{equation}
and to consider the partition function
\begin{equation}
Z[t_.;N] = \int DX\, {\,\rm e}\,^{-\tr{V(X)}}
\label{4}
\end{equation}
whose derivatives w.r.t.\ $t_k$'s reproduce the same correlators of
$\tr{X^k}$'s provided one puts \linebreak
$V(X)=NV_0(X)$ after the differentiation.
In this approach, the role of an external field is played by the set of
couplings $\{t_k\}$. It is evident that the two ways of introducing an
external field are equivalent. As far as we know, this equivalence has
not been elaborated, however, in the literature.

In the present paper we prove the {\it exact\/} relation between the partition
functions (\ref{1}) and (\ref{4}):
\begin{equation}
Z[\Lambda;N]={\,\rm e}\,^{\frac N2 \tr{\Lambda^2}}Z[t_.;\alpha N],
\label{5}
\end{equation}
which is valid provided $\Lambda$ and $\{t_.\}$ are related by the
Miwa--type transformation
\begin{equation}
t_k= \fr 1k \tr{\Lambda^{-k}}-\fr N2 \delta_{k2} \hbox{\ \ \ \ for \ \ }n\geq1,
\,\,\,\,\, t_0=\hbox{\rm tr}\,\log{\Lambda^{-1}}
\label{6}
\end{equation}
and $N\rightarrow \infty$ which makes $t_k$'s to be independent
variables. The proof is based on the fact that the Schwinger--Dyson
equations for both models are equivalent. Based on this equivalence,
we formulate then a method for
calculating the partition functions order by order of genus expansion
which is closed in spirit to that proposed by Gross and Newman
\cite{GN91} for the unitary matrix model and for the hermitian one with
a cubic potential. We calculate explicitly the partition function in
genus one and apply the result to calculate genus one contribution to
correlators of conformal operators with the puncture operator.
Our genus one results support
the conjecture \cite{CM92} that the model (\ref{1}) with the potential
(\ref{2}) (and therefore the model (\ref{4}) with the potential (\ref{3})\/)
is associated with the $c=1$ case, if $\alpha$ is identified with the
cosmological constant,
in the same sense as the Kontsevich model is associated with $c=0$.

\newsection{The Virasoro constraints}

A simplest way to prove the equivalence between the partition functions
(\ref{1}) and (\ref{4}) is to show that the Schwinger--Dyson equation
for the model (\ref{1}) with the potential (\ref{2}),
\begin{equation}
\left\lbrace {\d^2 \over \d\Lambda^2} +N\Lambda \dd \Lambda -\alpha N^2 \right\rbrace
\,{\,\rm e}\,^{-\frac N2 \tr{\Lambda^2}}Z[\Lambda]=0,
\label{7}
\end{equation}
is equivalent to the set of the Virasoro constraints,
\begin{equation}
L_nZ[t_.]= 0 \hbox{\ \ \ \ \ for\ \ \ }n\geq -1
\label{vc}
\end{equation}
where
\begin{equation}
L_n = \sum_{k=0}^\infty k t_k \ddt{n+k} + \sum_{k=0}^n \ddt{k}\ddt{n-k},
\label{vo}
\end{equation}
imposed on the partition function (\ref{4}).

Eq.(\ref{7}) has been discussed in Ref.\cite{CM92}. The extra gaussian
factor in front of $Z$ is introduced to cancel one arising from the
integral (one can easily see this is the case of $\alpha=0$). The
commutation of this gaussian factor with the derivatives makes the sign
of the second term in parenthesises opposite to what would be naively
expected. As for the Virasoro constraints (\ref{vc}), (\ref{vo}), they
were obtained in Refs.\cite{AJM90} using the
invariance of the integral (\ref{4}) under the shift
$X\rightarrow X+\epsilon_n X^{n+1}$.

Now our purpose is to make a change of variables from (the eigenvalues
of) $\Lambda$ to $\{t\}$ in Eq.(\ref{7}) similarly to what was done in
Refs.\cite{MMM91,GN91b} to derive the continuum Virasoro constraints
from the Kontsevich matrix model (in that case only odd $k$'s entered
the Kontsevich--Miwa transformation (\ref{6})). The only what we need is
the chain rule
\begin{equation}
\dd{\Lambda} = - \sum_{k=0}^\infty \Lambda^{-k-1} \ddt{k}
\label{cr}
\end{equation}
which is a consequence of Eq.(\ref{6}).

Making this change of variables, one obtains from Eq.(\ref{7})
\begin{equation}
\sum_{n=-1}^\infty \Lambda^{-n-2} L_n {\,\rm e}\,^{-\frac N2 \tr{\Lambda^2}}Z=0
\end{equation}
with $L_n$ given by Eq.(\ref{vo}) provided that
\begin{equation}
\ddt{0}Z=-\alpha NZ
\label{norm}
\end{equation}
which emerges formally for $n=-2$.
The last equation coincides with the normalization condition for $\alpha
N\times \alpha N$ hermitian one-matrix model. We have reproduces,
therefore, exactly the Virasoro constraints (\ref{vc}), providing the
partition functions are related by Eq.(\ref{5}).

The fact that the Virasoro constraints (\ref{vc}), (\ref{vo}) can be
obtained from the Schwinger--Dyson equation for the Kontsevich model
making the transformation (\ref{6}) with both even and odd $k$'s
was noticed by Marshakov, Mironov and Morozov \cite{MMM91}. It was not
recognized, however, that the proper external field problem is given by
the partition function (\ref{1}) with the potential (\ref{2}).

\newsection{Loop equations}

Loop equations are successfully applied for studying the matrix models
since the work by Kazakov \cite{Kaz89} (for a review of recent results,
see {\it e.g.\ } Ref.\cite{Mak91}).

An insertion of the one-loop operator (with $\lambda$ being the Laplace
transformed momentum which corresponds to a loop of the length $l$) is given by
\begin{equation}
{\delta \over \delta V(\lambda)}= - \sum_{k=0}^\infty \lambda^{-k-1} \ddt{k}.
\label{ddV}
\end{equation}
This operator can be rewritten in terms of $\d / \d \Lambda$.
Due to Eq.(\ref{6}), one gets
\begin{equation}
\dd{\lambda_i}= - \sum_{k=0}^\infty \lambda_i^{-k-1}\ddt{k}
\label{ddli}
\end{equation}
where $\lambda_i$ stands for an eigenvalue of $\Lambda$.
As $N\rightarrow\infty$ when Eq.(\ref{ddli}) becomes exact, one can
define the density of eigenvalues of $\Lambda$:
\begin{equation}
\rho(\lambda)=\frac 1N \sum_{i=1}^N \delta(\lambda-\lambda_i)
\end{equation}
so that
\begin{equation}
{\delta \over \delta V(\lambda)}= \frac 1N
\dd{\lambda}{\delta\over\delta\rho(\lambda)}.
\label{3.4}
\end{equation}

Similarly, one can relate (the derivative of) the loop source
$V(\lambda)$, which is defined by Eq.(\ref{3}), to $\rho$. Using
Eq.(\ref{6}), one gets
\begin{equation}
V^\prime (\lambda)=\sum_{k=1}^\infty kt_k \lambda^{k-1}
=\sum_{j=1}^N \frac {1}{\lambda_j-\lambda} - N\lambda ,
\label{dhilbert}
\end{equation}
where the sum over $k$ is convergent if $\lambda<\hbox{min}\mid
\lambda_i\mid$. As $N\rightarrow\infty$ Eq.(\ref{dhilbert}) determines $V^\prime$
to be the Hilbert transform of $\rho$:
\begin{equation}
\frac 1N V^\prime (\lambda)=
\int\hspace{-1.07em}\not\hspace{0.6em} dx {\rho(x)\over x-\lambda} -\lambda  .
\label{hilbert}
\end{equation}
This equation expresses unambiguously each term of the $\lambda$-expansion of
$V^{^{\prime}}(\lambda)$
via $\rho$ provided the support of $\rho(x)$ vanishes at some finite
interval which includes the point $x=0$ (this is an analog of the above
condition $\lambda<\hbox{min}\mid \lambda_i\mid$). All the integrals below are
rigorously defined providing $\rho(\lambda)$ possesses this property.
The discussion of general properties of Eq.(\ref{hilbert}) is
beyond the scope of the present publication.

We compare now two equations. The first one is the Schwinger--Dyson
equation for the model (\ref{1}) written in terms of $\lambda_i$ \cite{CM92}
\begin{equation}
\left\lbrace {\d^2 \over \d\lambda_i^2}+\sum_{j\neq i} \frac {1}{\lambda_i-\lambda_j}
\left(\dd{\lambda_i}-\dd{\lambda_j}\right)
+ N\lambda_i\dd{\lambda_i} -\alpha N^2 \right\rbrace {\,\rm e}\,^{\frac N2 \sum_k \lambda_k^2}
Z[\lambda_.] = 0.
\label{sd}
\end{equation}
The second one is the loop equation written for the one-loop average
\begin{equation}
W(\lambda)= {\delta \over \delta V(\lambda)} \log{Z[t_.]}
\label{W}
\end{equation}
which reads (see, {\it e.g.\ } \cite{Mak91})
\begin{equation}
\int_{C_1} {d\omega\over 2\pi i}{V^\prime(\omega)\over (\lambda-\omega)}
W(\omega)=
(W(\lambda))^2 + {\delta \over \delta V(\lambda)}W(\lambda) .
\label{le}
\end{equation}
This equation is equivalent to the Virasoro constraints (\ref{vc}),
(\ref{vo}) which can be obtained by expanding both sides of
Eq.(\ref{le}) in $1/\lambda$.

It follows immediately from Eqs.(\ref{ddV}), (\ref{3.4}), (\ref{W}) that
the r.h.s. of Eq.(\ref{le}) coincides with the first term (with the
double derivative) on the l.h.s.\ of Eq.(\ref{sd}).
In order to compare the remaining terms, one inserts Eq.(\ref{hilbert})
into the l.h.s.\ of Eq.(\ref{le})
and calculates the contour integral over $\omega$ by taking residuals at
the two poles. Applying again Eqs.(\ref{ddV}), (\ref{3.4}), (\ref{W}),
one gets exactly the remaining terms on the l.h.s. of Eq.(\ref{sd})
providing the normalization
condition (\ref{norm}) is satisfied. This completes the proof of the
equivalence between Eqs.(\ref{sd}) and (\ref{le}).

\newsection{Comparison of genus zero solutions}

It is instructive to compare the known (one-cut) genus zero solution of
loop equation (\ref{le}) with that of Eq.(\ref{sd})
which has been obtained in Ref.\cite{CM92}.

The genus zero solution to Eq.(\ref{le}), which was first obtained for a
general $V(\lambda)$ that involves both even and odd powers of $\lambda$ by Migdal
\cite{Mig83},  reads
\begin{equation}
W_0(\lambda)=\int_{C_1}{d\omega\over 4\pi i}{V^\prime(\omega)\over (\lambda-\omega)}
\frac {\qqqq \lambda}{\qqqq \omega}
\label{W0}
\end{equation}
with $b$ and $c$ given by
\begin{equation}
\int_{C_1}{d\omega\over 2\pi i}{V^\prime(\omega)\over \qqqq \omega } =0,
\,\,\,\,\,\,
\int_{C_1}{d\omega\over 2\pi i}{\omega V^\prime(\omega)\over \qqqq \omega }
=2 \alpha N .
\label{bandc}
\end{equation}
Inserting Eq.(\ref{hilbert}) and doing the contour integral as before,
one gets from Eq.(\ref{W0})
\begin{equation}
\fr 1N W_0(\lambda)= {\textstyle{1\over 2}} \left[\qqqq{\lambda}-\lambda -\int\hspace{-1.07em}\not\hspace{0.6em} dx{\rho(x)\over x-\lambda}
\left( \frac{\qqqq \lambda}{\qqqq x}-1  \right)
\right]
\label{W0p}
\end{equation}
while Eq.(\ref{bandc}) yields
\begin{equation}
{\textstyle{1\over 2}} \int dx{\rho(x)\over \qqqq x}+ b=0\, ,\,\,\,\,
{\textstyle{1\over 2}} \int dx{x\rho(x)\over \qqqq x}+ c-3 b^2=\alpha +{\textstyle{1\over 2}} .
\label{bandcp}
\end{equation}

One sees that (\ref{W0p}), (\ref{bandcp}) coincide with the
corresponding formulas of Ref.\cite{CM92}. The $W(x)$ which was
introduced there is related to our $W_0$ by
$W(x)=\frac 1N W_0(\lambda)+ \frac {\lambda}{2}$ while the definitions of $b$ and
$c$ are the same.
One more formula which would be useful for applications can be obtained
by differentiating Eq.(\ref{W0p}) (or (\ref{W0})\/) w.r.t.\ $\alpha$:
\begin{equation}
\frac 1N {dW_0(\lambda)\over d\alpha}= {1\over\qqqq \lambda}.
\end{equation}
Being expanded in $\frac {1}{\lambda}$, this expression reproduces Eq.(5.20)
of Ref.\cite{CM92}. An advantage of the approach of Ref.\cite{CM92} is
that it allowed to calculate $\log{Z}$ itself.

For an iterative solution of Eq.(\ref{sd}) which is considered below, we
shall need an explicit expression for the irreducible two-loop
correlator
\begin{equation}
W(\lambda,\mu)={\delta \over \delta V(\mu)} {\delta \over \delta V(\lambda)}
\log Z .
\end{equation}
Applying Eq.(\ref{3.4}) to $W_0$ given by Eq.(\ref{W0p}), one gets in
genus zero
\begin{equation}
W_0(\lambda,\mu)= \frac{1}{2(\lambda-\mu)^2}\frac {\lambda\mu-2b(\lambda+\mu)+4c}
{\qqqq \lambda \,\,\qqqq \mu},\,\,\,\,W_0(\lambda,\lambda)=\frac{b^2-c}{(\lambda^2+4b\lambda+4c)^2}
\label{W20}
\end{equation}
which coincides with the known result by Ambj{\o}rn {\it et al\/.\ } \cite{AJM90}.

The solution (\ref{W0p}), (\ref{bandcp}) is simplified if $\rho(\lambda)$ is
a symmetric function $\rho(\lambda)=\rho(-\lambda)$. The first equation in
(\ref{bandcp}) yields then $b=0$ while only even powers of $x$ enter
the second one (as well as Eq.(\ref{W0p})\/). This case corresponds to
the so-called reduced hermitian one-matrix model, {\it i.e.}\  to vanishing odd
times $t_{2m+1}$. It implies for the Miwa transformation (\ref{6})
that only even $k$'s are present. This situation is complementary to the
original Kontsevich model when only odd $k$'s appear. The loop
equations for the reduced hermitian one-matrix model can not be
formulated, however, entirely in terms of the even times. The odd times
inevitably appear for this model to higher orders. This does not happen
for the case of the {\it complex\/} matrix model (see, {\it e.g.\ } \cite{Mak91})
which is formulated entirely via the even times. It is the model which
is complementary in this sense to the Kontsevich model. A study of the
external field problem for the complex matrix model will be published
elsewhere.

\newsection{The genus one solution}

Our idea of how to solve Eq.(\ref{sd}) (or (\ref{le})\/) iteratively is
similar to one which has been proposed by Gross and Newman \cite{GN91}
for the unitary matrix model and for the hermitian one with
a cubic potential.

Let us introduce the new variables
\begin{eqnarray}
B_p&=& 2^{p-1}(2p-1)!! \int d\lambda \rho(\lambda){1\over
\left(\lambda^2+4b\lambda+4c\right)^{p+{\textstyle{1\over 2}}}}, \nonumber \\
C_p&=&  2^{p-1}(2p-1)!! \int d\lambda \rho(\lambda)
{\lambda\over \left(\lambda^2+4b\lambda+4c\right)^{p+{\textstyle{1\over 2}}}}
-(\alpha + {\textstyle{1\over 2}}) \delta_{p0}
\label{nv}
\end{eqnarray}
where $b$ and $c$ are determined by Eq.(\ref{bandcp}) which reads now
\begin{equation}
 B_0+b=0, \,\,\,\, C_0+c- 3 b^2= 0
\label{bandcn}
\end{equation}
(\/$(-1)!!=1$ by definition). Let us define $F_g$ ---
genus $g$ contribution to $\log Z$ --- by the formula
\begin{equation}
\log Z = \sum_{g=0}^\infty N^{2-2g} F_g.
\end{equation}
Now our conjecture is that $F_g$ would depend
at $1\leq g <\infty$ only on $B_p$ and $C_p$ for $p\leq P$ where $P$ is
some finite number (the larger $g$ the larger $P$). This is in contrast
to the $t$-dependence of $F_g$ which always depends on the whole set
$\{t_k\}$. Such a behavior of $F_g$ for the  Kontsevich model has been
advocated recently by Itzykson and Zuber \cite{IZ92}.

Let us find explicitly the genus one correction to the genus zero
results which are described in the previous section.
Defining
\begin{equation}
W_1(\lambda) = {\delta \over \delta V(\lambda)} F_1
\end{equation}
with $\delta / \delta V(\lambda)$ given by Eq.(\ref{3.4})
and substituting into Eq.(\ref{sd}), one gets the following linear
equation for $W_1(\lambda)$:
\begin{equation}
(\fr 2N W_0(\lambda)+\lambda)W_1(\lambda)+ \int\hspace{-1.07em}\not\hspace{0.6em} dx \rho(x)
\frac {W_1(\lambda)-W_1(x)}{\lambda-x} + \fr 1N W_0(\lambda,\lambda) =0,
\label{sd1}
\end{equation}
where $W_0(\lambda)$ and $W_0(\lambda,\lambda)$ are given by Eqs.(\ref{W0p}) and
(\ref{W20}), respectively.

For an arbitrary $\rho$, the solution of Eq.(\ref{sd1}) requires tedious
calculations. Some simplifications occur if $\rho$ is a symmetric
function $\rho(\lambda)=\rho(-\lambda)$. As is discussed above, this
corresponds to the reduced hermitian matrix model ({\it i.e.}\  to an even
potential $V$). For this case, one gets $b=0$ and $B_p=0$ in
Eqs.(\ref{nv}) and (\ref{bandcn}) which simplifies calculations.
Using the property $\rho(\lambda)=\rho(-\lambda)$, Eq.(\ref{W0p}) can be rewritten
as
\begin{equation}
\fr 2N W_0(\lambda)+ \lambda = \qq \lambda - \int\hspace{-1.07em}\not\hspace{0.6em} dx\rho(x) \frac {x}{x^2-\lambda^2}
\frac {\qq \lambda}{\qq x}.
\label{W0even}
\end{equation}
By a direct differentiation of this formula one gets
\begin{equation}
\dd c (\fr 2N W_0(\lambda)+ \lambda)=\frac {2(1- C_1)}{\qq \lambda}
\label{dWdc}
\end{equation}
which will be extensively used below. We shall need as well
the following rules of differentiation:
\begin{eqnarray}
\frac {\d C_p}{\d c}= - C_{p+1},\,\,\,
\frac {\delta c}{\delta V(\lambda)}= {2c\over (\lambda^2+4c)^{\frac 32}(C_1-1)},
\nonumber \\
\frac {\delta C_1}{\delta V(\lambda)}=
\left[ \frac{cC_2}{1-C_1} -1 \right]\frac {2}{(\lambda^2+4c)^{\frac 32}}
+ {12c\over (\lambda^2+4c)^{\frac 52}},
\label{rules}
\end{eqnarray}
which are easy to derive from Eqs.(\ref{nv}), (\ref{bandcn}).

Using the property $\rho(\lambda)=\rho(-\lambda)$,
let us represent the second term on the l.h.s.\ of Eq.(\ref{sd1})
as the linear operator ${\cal K}$:
\begin{equation}
{\cal K} W_1(\lambda)=\int dx \rho(x) K(\lambda,x)W_1(x)\equiv
\int\hspace{-1.07em}\not\hspace{0.6em} dx \rho(x) \frac{\lambda W_1(\lambda)-x W_1(x)}{\lambda^2-x^2}
\label{K}
\end{equation}
In matrix notations, when $\lambda$ and $x$ are replaced by the eigenvalues
$\lambda_i$ and $\lambda_j$, this operator becomes an $N\times N$ matrix ${\cal K} _{kl}$.
Such an operator was considered in Ref.\cite{GN91}.
Eq.(\ref{sd1}) can now be rewritten as
\begin{equation}
(\fr 2N W_0(\lambda)+\lambda)W_1(\lambda) +\int dx \rho(x) K(\lambda,x)W_1(x)
= \fr 1N \frac{c}{(\lambda^2+4c)^2} .
\label{sd1p}
\end{equation}
It is the equation which is solved below.

The form of the operator ${\cal K}$ and the fact that $W_1(\lambda)=-W_1(-\lambda)$ suggest
the following ansatz
\begin{equation}
W_1(\lambda)= \sum_{n=0}^\infty\frac{A_n}{(\lambda^2+4c)^{n+{\textstyle{1\over 2}}}}
\label{ans}
\end{equation}
where the coefficients $\{A_n\}$ are functions of $\{C_p\}$.
It is easy to calculate of how the operator ${\cal K}$ acts on the `basis
vectors' $1/(\lambda^2+4c)^{n+{\textstyle{1\over 2}}}$. One first calculates for $n=0$
and then obtains a general formula by applying $(\d / \d c)^n$. The
result reads
\begin{equation}
\int dx \rho(x) K(\lambda,x)\frac{1}{(x^2+4c)^{n+{\textstyle{1\over 2}}}}=
\frac {(-1)^n}{2^n(2n-1)!!}\left(\dd c\right)^n
\left[ 1-\frac{2W_0(\lambda)+\lambda}{\qq \lambda}\right].
\end{equation}
The term arising from the action of $(\d/\d c)^n$ on  $1/\qq \lambda$ equals to the
first term on the l.h.s.\ of Eq.(\ref{sd1p}) with the minus sign and
cancels it when inserted into Eq.(\ref{sd1p}). The other terms can be
easily calculated using Eq.(\ref{dWdc}). Calculating the derivatives,
one gets finally
\begin{eqnarray}
& &\left( 2W_0(\lambda)+\lambda+{\cal K}\right)\frac{1}{(\lambda^2+4c)^{n+{\textstyle{1\over 2}}}}=
\frac{1-C_1}{(\lambda^2+4c)^n}-
\sum _{p=2}^n \frac{C_p}{2^{p-1}(2p-1)!!}\frac{1}{(\lambda^2+4c)^{n-p+1}},
 \nonumber \\
& &\left( 2W_0(\lambda)+\lambda+{\cal K}\right)\frac{1}{\qq \lambda}=1\hbox{\ \ \ \ \ \
\ \ \ \ \ \ \ for \ }
n=0
\end{eqnarray}
where the operator notation for the l.h.s.\ of Eq.(\ref{sd1p}) has been
used. This formula is similar to that by Gross and Newman \cite{GN91}
while the definition of the `moments' $C_p$ is different for our model.

One sees now that the r.h.s.\ of Eq.(\ref{sd1p}) is reproduced by the
$n=2$ term so that Eq.(\ref{sd1p}) is satisfied if all $A_n=0$
except
\begin{equation}
A_1=\fr 1N \frac{C_2c}{6(1-C_1)^2},\,\,\,\,A_2=\fr 1N \frac{c}{1-C_1}.
\end{equation}
Therefore, we have found the genus one solution to be
\begin{equation}
W_1(\lambda)=\fr 1N \left\lbrace
\frac{C_2c}{6(1-C_1)^2}\frac{1}{(\lambda^2+4c)^{\frac 32}}
+\frac{c}{1-C_1}\frac{1}{(\lambda^2+4c)^{\frac 52}}\right\rbrace.
\label{W1}
\end{equation}
It is worth noticing that we have obtained the explicit genus one solution
to the reduced model with an {\it arbitrary\/} potential $V(\lambda)=V(-\lambda)$.
Previously it was calculated \cite{AM90} by solving loop equations only
for the case of a polynomial potential with the highest power $\lambda^6$.
We have verified that the result for the quartic potential can be reproduced
by our formula (\ref{W1}) when $\rho(\lambda)$ is such that only $t_2$ and $t_4$
are nonvanishing so that
\begin{equation}
C_1=1+2t_2-24t_4c,\,\,\,C_2=24t_4,\,\,\,C_p=0 \hbox{\ \ \ \ \ \ for \ }
p\geq3
\end{equation}
and Eq.(\ref{bandcn}) for $c$ reads
\begin{equation}
-2t_2c+12t_4c^2=\alpha.
\end{equation}
The general formulas which express the `moments' $C_p$ via $\{t_{2k}\}$
for a polynomial $V(\lambda)$ look similar.

Using the collection of formulas from Eq.(\ref{rules}), one integrates
Eq.(\ref{W1}) to obtain
\begin{equation}
F_1 = - \frac{1}{12}\log{\{ c\,(1-C_1)\}}.
\label{F1}
\end{equation}
While our genus one result looks similar to that of
Ref.\cite{GN91,IZ92}, the coefficient in front of the logarithm is now
$\frac{1}{12}$ instead of $\frac{1}{24}$. As is discussed in the next
section this is related to the fact that our matrix model is associated
with $c=1$ and not with $c=0$.

\newsection{The relation to c=1}

We discuss in this section of how our genus one results support the
conjecture of Ref.\cite{CM92} (which was based on the genus zero
calculations)
that the model (\ref{1}) with the potential (\ref{2}) is associated
with $c=1$ providing $\alpha$ is identified with the cosmological
constant. This model has been called the Kontsevich--Penner model.

Let us start with the case of $\Lambda\rightarrow\infty$ when the Kontsevich--Penner
model is reduced to the standard Penner model \cite{Pen86} which
corresponds \cite{CM92} to $b=0$, $c=\alpha$, $B_p=0$ and $C_p=0$ for
$p\geq 1$ in our notations. This case can be easily recovered by the
genus one solution from the previous section. One gets
from Eq.(\ref{F1})
\begin{equation}
F_1=-\frac{1}{12} \log \alpha
\end{equation}
which exactly reproduces the corresponding result of Distler and Vafa
\cite{DV91} for the Penner model. Notice that we did not take the
`double scaling limit' to obtain this result since our model is
associated with the {\it continuum\/} case.

The correlators of conformal operators ${\cal O}_n$ with the puncture operator
${\cal P}$ can be obtained for our model
in genus one by applying $d/d\alpha$ to Eq.(\ref{W1}) and
expanding in $1/\lambda$. The only $C_0$ depends explicitly on $\alpha$ so
that our collection of formulas (\ref{rules}) should be supplemented by
\begin{equation}
\frac {d c}{d \alpha}=\frac{1}{1-C_1}.
\label{dcda}
\end{equation}
By a direct differentiation of Eq.(\ref{F1}) one gets
\begin{equation}
\frac{d^2}{d \alpha^2} F_1 =\frac{1}{12(1-C_1)^2}
\left\lbrace \frac{1}{c^2}+ \frac{C_2}{c(1-C_1)}+ \frac{C_3}{(1-C_1)}
+ \frac{2C_2^2}{(1-C_1)^2}\right\rbrace
\end{equation}
which corresponds to genus one contribution to the correlator of the two
puncture operators ${\cal P}$.
One can combine this result with the genus zero calculation of
Ref.\cite{CM92} to give
\begin{equation}
\frac{d^2}{d \alpha^2} F = \log{(-C)}
\label{susc}
\end{equation}
where $C$ is defined by
\begin{equation}
C=c+\frac{1}{12N^2(1-C_1)^2}
\left\lbrace \frac{1}{c}+ \frac{C_2}{(1-C_1)}+ \frac{cC_3}{(1-C_1)}
+ \frac{2cC_2^2}{(1-C_1)^2}\right\rbrace
\label{C}
\end{equation}
The meaning of this formula is disscussed below.

To calculate the next correlators, one differentiates Eq.(\ref{W1})
w.r.t.\ $\alpha$. The result reads
\begin{eqnarray}
N\frac{d}{d\alpha} W_1(\lambda)&=&
\left\lbrace \frac{C_2-cC_3}{(1-C_1)^3}- \frac{2cC_2^2}{(1-C_1)^4}
\right\rbrace  \frac{1}{6(\lambda^2+4c)^{\frac 32}} \nonumber \\
&+&\left\lbrace \frac{1}{(1-C_1)^2}- \frac{2cC_2}{(1-C_1)^3}
\right\rbrace\frac{1}{(\lambda^2+4c)^{\frac 52}}
-\frac{10c}{(1-C_1)^2}\frac{1}{(\lambda^2+4c)^{\frac 72}}.
\label{dW1da}
\end{eqnarray}
The explicit expressions for the correlators of ${\cal O}_{2k}$ with ${\cal P}$,
which can be obtained by expanding the r.h.s.\ of Eq.(\ref{dW1da}) in
$1/\lambda^2$, are rather involved while
some simplifications occur after the shift (\ref{C}). As an example we
present the sum of the genus zero and genus one results for the correlator
of ${\cal P}$ and ${\cal O}_2$ (the dilaton operator in the case of the Penner model)
which reads
\begin{equation}
\langle {\cal O}_2 {\cal P} \rangle \equiv \frac {\d^2}{\d t_2 \d \alpha}F=
-2C + \frac {1}{6N^2(1-C_1)^2}
\left[ \frac{2C_2}{(1-C_1)}+ \frac 1c\right].
\end{equation}
When expressed in terms of $\{t_{2k}\}$, this formula is to be compared
with the corresponding correlator for $c=1$ CFT.

Let us speculate now on an nonperturbative essence of our results.
Eq.(\ref{susc}) looks like the equation $\d^2 F/ \d t_0^2=u$ which
expresses the susceptibility $u$ via $F$ for the Kontsevich model while
Eq.(\ref{C}) is an analog of the string equation (to the given order of
the genus expansion) which relates $u$ to the `times' $\{t_k\}$. The
transformation (\ref{6}) looks like the transformation
which has been introduced  by Kharchev {\it et al\/.\ }
\cite{KMMMZ91} for the generalized Kontsevich
models to relate their partition functions to the (reduced) KP
$\tau$-function while differs from it by the fact that the role of the
cosmological constant is played now not by $t_0$ but by the `conjugate' (in
the sense of Eq.(\ref{norm})\/) variable $\alpha$. As is shown in
Ref.\cite{KMMMZ91}, the whole description of $c<1$ CFT's can be obtained in
this framework and the set of Virasoro and W-- constraints can be
constructed. Our conjecture indicates, therefore, that the set of the
Virasoro constraints (\ref{vc}), (\ref{vo}) which is constructed with the
use of the variable $t_0$ --- `conjugate' to the cosmological constant
$\alpha$ ---  can be used alternatively to describe a $c=1$ CFT.

One more argument in favour of our conjecture is a similarity between the
Virasoro constrains (\ref{vc}), (\ref{vo}) and those for the case of the
Witten's generalization \cite{Wit91b} of the intersection theory on moduli
space analytically continued to $k=-3$ (or to $p=-1$ in the notations of
Ref.\cite{Dij91}) when it is equivalent in a certain sense to the Penner
model.
It would be very interesting to study the relation between all these
approaches.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Charlotte Bobcats at Portland Trail Blazers game preview
Gametime: 10 p.m. Need a relaxing reprieve from midterm studies? Well, you might want to look elsewhere!
By Ben Swanson Mar 4, 2013, 8:00am EST
Share All sharing options for: Charlotte Bobcats at Portland Trail Blazers game preview
USA TODAY Sports Images
Though I'm not sure many Bobcats fans even still have their eyes intact after this past week, are you ready for some more Bobcats basketball?
Yeah, that's the spirit!
We start off this week as the Bobcats finish a back-to-back on the road in Portland tonight, which is just effing terrific. Portland once had some minor playoff hopes but those were all but silenced for the time being with a seven-game losing streak. Still, they've won two of their three games since the skid and still have an abundance of young talent.
LaMarcus Aldridge is their main franchise player, with a sweet shot and nice touch in the paint. He's not an elite rebounder but is solid enough. Damian Lillard, the rookie guard sensation, is also playing really well. Lillard is a great scorer and shooter with a sweet IQ for the game and room to improve even still, which should be encouraging for Portland fans. Wes Matthews has bounced back from his previous season to improve his shooting percentages, especially at the rim. Notably, a huge change in that regard is that 60.5 percent of his shots at that location are assisted, as opposed to 48.9 percent last year. Better ball movement is clearly helping his offensive versatility.
Nicolas Batum is also having a really intriguing season. His shooting percentages have regressed back to career averages after last season's contract year, but it's not significantly enough to write home about. What interests me is that it seems his passing has become more of a focal point for him than ever before in his career. His AST% had never been higher than 8.1 percent in a season prior to this year, yet it sits at an impressive 20.4 percent. Of course, his turnover percentage has risen as well, but his increase in assist percentage has well outpaced the rise in turnover percentage. It'll be interesting to see how Portland utilizes him in their offense. Perhaps you recall that video on HORNS? How teams run offense out of the high post? Perhaps they've been sparking offensive ball movement inside and out with him around the elbow. I haven't seen many of their games, especially lately, but that'll be something to watch.
Be sure to check out Portland's blog too, if such a thing interests you, at Blazer's Edge.
Charlotte Bobcats at Portland Trail Blazers: Full coverage
Bobcats lose seventh straight game to the Blazers
Bobcats at Trail Blazers game preview

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Vancouver on the (high) rise: Is the Canadian city losing its soul?
Vancouver skyline from Granville Island. Sue Frause photo.
I recently had a discussion with a Vancouver resident who said he would never live in Seattle. As much as I love Vancouver, I became somewhat defensive of my urban hometown.
After all, Seattle is my hub, even though I live on an island north of the Emerald City. But instead of getting all snotty about it, I told my dining companion that I thought Vancouver was slowly losing its soul.
I've been visiting Vancouver ever since I was a high schooler in Arlington, Washington. My friend Susan loved to drive her family's big Buick across the border, and we'd hang out on Robson Street and walk through the lobby of Hotel Vancouver and pretend we were staying there. That was so long ago, the city's pubs had separate entrances for men and women.
So now 2010 is coming, and like any good host, you want to look your best for the Winter Olympics. But what's with the generic high-rises and condos that are cluttering up the Canuck sky? Vancouver is all about fresh air, mountain vistas, salt water, biking, walking and that wonderful place called Stanley Park.
Coincidentally, Knute Berger wrote a piece in Crosscut today that carries the same sentiment. Titled Vancouver is Shangri-not, he opines, "The city that inspires Dubai has some soul-searching to do. After the Olympics, of course."
I don't like whining about a place that I love. But Vancouver, slow down. You're losin' that lovin' feeling.


You can now create a metafield with a value type of json_string, which allows you to store structured data and access it using Liquid. When retrieving the value of a json_string type Metafield, the data is deserialized to an iterable hash or array.
To learn more about accessing metafields using Liquid, see the metafield object reference.


The first picture shows how the stone arrived at our workshop (in two rubble sacks and a bucket). This was spread out on the bench like an exploded model for us to assess.
After removing the paint, we glued the pieces back together with the help of a photograph showing the stone in its original shape.
The stone then had a kind of 'fill in the blanks' moment as we tried to fill in the missing enrichment's.
Several layers of silicone rubber were then applied. We used a number of pretty colours for the different layers but there is a good reason behind it. Applying a different colour onto each dried layer is a good indication of where you have been and where you are going with the next application.
We managed to persuade the client that, as the stone would not be structural a light weight option would be preferable for ease of fixing, due to its size. An agreement was made and the piece was produced in a beautiful white marble GRC that sparkled in the sunlight.
Sadly, the corbel was always to be decorated, so now sits under a shroud of Magnolia exterior gloss, hiding its finish in the brilliant GRC to the world.


Shirley Dobson, wife of Dr. James Dobson, is nationally recognized for her leadership skills and her many contributions to women's affairs, Christian organizations, and the institution of the family.
Former President Ronald Reagan invited Mrs. Shirley Dobson to the White House for a Christian Women's Leadership Conference in 1988. Also in that year, she was awarded the Second Annual Maggie Sloane Crawford Award by Olivet Nazarene University in Kankakee, Illinois.
She has received honorary doctorate degrees from Asbury Theological Seminary, Biola University, Huntington College, and Dallas Baptist University. In September 1992, Shirley Dobson was honored with the Christian Woman of the Year Award. Mrs. Dobson was designated Churchwoman of the Year in 1996 by Religious Heritage of America. Also that year, she received the Ambassador Award from Florida Family Council. In 1999, she received the Full-time Homemaker of the Year Award from Eagle Forum, and in 2000 the Distinguished Achievement Award from Point Loma Nazarene University. She received the First Baptist Church of Dallas' "W.A. Criswell Lifetime Christian Citizenship Award" in 2006.
A graduate of Pasadena College, now Point Loma University, Mrs. Dobson earned a Bachelor of Arts in Education; her name was included in "Who's Who in American Colleges and Universities" during both her junior and senior years. Following graduation she taught in the Hudson and Arcadia Unified School Districts in California. After her marriage and the birth of her first child, she chose to become a full-time mother and homemaker.
member of the Board of Directors of Dr. James Dobson's Family Talk since its founding in 2010.
Shirley Dobson and Gloria Gaither have co-authored a four-book series for families. The publications are titled Making Ordinary Days Extraordinary, Creating Family Traditions, Celebrating Special Times with Special People, and Hide it in Your Heart . She has also co-authored Nightlight: A Devotional for Couples and Nightlight for Parents with her husband, Dr. James Dobson. Her book describing the remarkable gift of prayer, Certain Peace in Uncertain Times , was published in 2002. Most recently, Shirley and her daughter, Danae Dobson, wrote the heartwarming book Welcome to Our Table .
Mrs. Dobson is married to Dr. James Dobson, founder of Focus on the Family and founder and President of the Dr. James Dobson Family Institute and Family Talk. They have two grown children and two grandchildren. Dr. and Mrs. Dobson reside in Colorado Springs, Colorado.


Fox renewal hopes: Will The Resident, Lethal Weapon, Gotham, Lucifer return?
Which shows on Fox have a good possibility of being renewed for another season? Over the past few days CarterMatt has been discussing the state of many different networks and today we are taking a look at Fox.
Consider this article a compliment to the latest Renewal Watch video, which you can see at the bottom of this article (subscribe to our CarterMatt YouTube channel for more great discussions!). We're taking a fairly comprehensive look at some of the networks' biggest drama series in terms of their performance and, beyond that, their viability to continue on the air in the future.
911 and The Gifted – These two shows were already renewed for an additional season and with that in mind, there's not anywhere near as much to worry about here.
The X-Files – Unless Fox completely loses their mind and does another season without Gillian Anderson, it's hard to imagine being able to do something here.
Lucifer – We're hoping that the fan support is enough to rally Fox towards giving the Tom Ellis series another batch of episodes, but right now we consider it firmly on the renewal bubble. With Fox losing some of its real estate next year due to NFL football there is a reason to be concerned.
The Resident – The medical drama starring Matt Czuchry and Emily VanCamp wasn't one we had a lot of confidence in during the first half of the season. Yet, as the story has started to gel and become more addicting, we do see the ratings leveling off and the fan base stabilizing. This is a show starting to find its footing at the best possible time and there's a modest shot at a renewal now.
The Exorcist – Season 2 was great creatively, but barring a miracle it's hard to see the series getting resurrected for a second straight year.
Lethal Weapon – We would be thrilled to get more Lethal Weapon and, based on the franchise's value alone, there's a good shot. Yet, we do think that one of the four in Lethal Weapon, Gotham, The Resident, and Lucifer will probably be gone and there are cases to keep all of them. We don't envy the spot that Fox is in right now, but it's nice to see them have so many great shows on the go.
To read about the state of NBC at present, be sure to head over here; also, check out this link to get more insight about some of the CBS shows currently on the air.


911uk.com - Porsche Forum : View topic - 991 next week, worried.
911uk.com Forum Index > 991 (2011 - current) > 991 next week, worried.
Posted: Thu Mar 01, 2018 7:31 pm Post subject: 991 next week, worried.
Hey guys, I've owned 4x 997's ove the years and currently have a 997.2 S Cab which Ive loved. Ive hung onto it because I'm worried about the electronic steering on the 991's.
Spotted a 2014 991 S aerokit cub online and got carried away😂 it arrives next week!
The thing is that I'm one of those guys that takes his cars on track and European road trips etc etc and I drive pretty hard so I'm really worried I'm going to hate this electronic steering especially after over 10 years with the brilliant 997's steering.
Can anyone here (who really pushes their car) put my mind at rest, ie has good expoenece in both 997's and 991?
You did not test drive it first and see what it was like?
Nope I did not. Crazy I know, it's 200 miles away and snowing, so I just bought it on line as didn't want to miss it.
Good lad. More or less bought mine the same way. I can't be doing with dicking about once I've made a decision. Looks a lovely car and I'm sure it'll be grand. Enjoy!
PS Mine was as described and more But I knew it would be.
From my experience of 997 and 991 on road and track, if overall a 997 is 10 out of 10, then overall a 991 is 9.5 out of 10.
So nothing to worry about.
The electric PAS is only slightly noticeable as a "dullness" when extremely provoked (when compared to the hydraulic PAS).
I think DRZ is about right I would have given the 991 a 9.
Just make sure power steering plus is turned off and then it is pretty good .
Didn't know you could do that! How do you turn it off Nimrod?
It can be disabled but its a Visit to the OPC but I believe it turns itself off when you reach 25mph anyway . I owned a 981 and the electric pas was as good as it gets but the 991 I drove during a Day at Rockingham was very different not bad but not as sharp as the 981.


Old bay seasoning is a must have for quite a few recipes, so here's a way to make your own! It's way better than any of the store bought stuff!
Old bay seasoning is quite a common ingredient in some of my favourite recipes. It's pretty easy to find where I am, so it was unexpected when people started asking me what it is. So I set out to find an easy to make recipe for people who couldn't buy the kind in the store.
Here is a wonderful Seafood Seasoning that combines the best of Old Bay and Old Savannah seasoning into one tasty mix! Use this in place of either one and it gives even better flavour. It's the best of both worlds!
Place all of the whole spices in your grinder, and process for 20-30 seconds, until fine.
Place the remaining spices in and run for 5 seconds to blend.


text:
Burdur is een provincie in Turkije. De provincie is 7238 km² groot en heeft 256.803 inwoners (2000). Burdur bevindt zich in het zuidwesten van de provincie. De provincie ligt in het merengebied in Turkije, en telt veel meren van diverse omvang. Het grootste, Burdurmeer, is genoemd naar de provincie. De hoofdstad is het gelijknamige Burdur.

Districten
 Ağlasun
 Altınyayla
 Bucak
 Burdur
 Çavdır
 Çeltikçi
 Gölhisar
 Karamanli
 Kemer
 Tefenni
 Yeşilova

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Ask LH: How Can I Tether My iPad To My iPhone?
While being able to share your data allowance between an iPhone and an iPad would be great, it isn't something that's possible with a standard iPhone and iPad combo. Mostly this is a decision about profitability rather than user convenience; telcos (and Apple) make more if they can sell you two SIMs.
Second, download the MyWi app from the Cydia store (which you'll find on your jailbroken iPhone). You may have to search for it, but chances are you'll just see it advertised on the Cydia front page. To buy it, you'll need to authorise your account through Google or Facebook and Amazon or Paypal. Once you've purchased MyWi, click the install button in Cydia and it'll install it on your iPhone.
If you don't fancy jailbreaking, the other possible option is to plug your iPhone SIM into some kind of Wi-Fi hotspot device to share its connection. However, that means carrying the hotspot around as well, and having a phone that won't receive calls while you've taken the SIM out. But since most iPad SIM plans in Australia are pre-paid, experimenting to find out your actual usage isn't too expensive.
iOS 4.3 has wifi hotspot functionality built in, and it should be released very soon, so there is no need to jailbreak your iphone if you can wait a few days. Reports indicate Telstra will be supporting the iphone wifi hotspot functionality. I haven't looked into other telcos.
I too am waiting for 4.3 to arrive to solve this problem for me. Maybe I can get some value from the 4GB monthly downloads I get with my iPhone plan.
No wonder Optus so "generally" increased it from 1GB... it's impossible to used that amount of data using just the iPhone. Esp when they cap any single download at 20MB.
With that 20MB limit, doesn't that only apply to the iTunes store and not the internet at large? You could download a large PDF or use dropbox to sync large files to your phone.
Personally I prefer Bluetooth Tethering for the iPad and iPhone, I've been using iTether from Cydia since Aug 2010, saving $100 because Work pays for my mobile! IMHO Tethering over Bluetooth is much more efficient.
1) Purchase the iTether app via Cydia on your iPad (not your iPhone).
2) Turn off bluetooth on your iPad.
3) Turn on bluetooth on your iPhone.
5) Remain on the tethering screen on your iPhone.
6) Open the iTether app on your iPad.
7) Press the "More..." button to search for bluetooth broadcasting iPhones in the vicinity.
8) Select yours (if you didn't name it when first registered, you'll have to go by the MAC address if you live near/work with multiple other iPhone users).
9) On your iPhone, a pop-up should ask for your access key.
10) On your iPad, a pop-up should tell you the access key.
11) Enter the key on your iPhone.
14) You can now close the settings app on your iPhone, and the iTether app on your iPad.
15) To shutdown, re-open the iTether app on your iPad and switch off the daemon. You can also turn off bluetooth and tethering on your iPhone if desired, but you don't need to.
16) Add iTether Springboard icon (search in Cydia) to quickly enable and disable iTether.
A bit fiddly, but it does the job, and $15 cheaper than MyWi! The batteries last MUCH longer on the iPad and iPhone using iTether too.
"Have your cake, and eat it, and even get to choose what type of cake!"
If you jailbreak your iphone, just install PDANET Free from Cydia, creates a wifi hotspot for ONE device (or more if you buy the paid version). You can also tether to PC by USB or Bluetooth.
This selfishness on the part of the telecommunications companies is the reason why Google will dominate. Walls are comng down. Open will always win out. This closed Apple world cannot last. It is like communism of technology. People will revolt. Let's hope net neutrality wins and we continue to have choice. competition against apple is the only reasons this walled garden will ever change.
This now works with iOS 4.3 on the iPad without jailbreaking and using iPhones 3G, 3GS and 4 on iOS 4.3 down to iOS 3.1.3. See http://swangle.blogspot.com/2011/03/bluetooth-tether-ipad-to-iphone-in-ios.html for instructions and also user feedback about hardware and iOS versions that have been verified.


A single frame from a film can often be a work of art. They should be displayed as such.
And if you're a Jurassic Park fan in particular, this 25-year-anniversary of the franchise has brought yet another bounty to your door: a limited run of official stills from the film, printed in high quality and fit to be shared as fine art. Produced by Classic Stills, this series is impressive, with all the most striking moments from the film rendered as incredible art.
You've got your velociraptors, your T-Rex, and, of course, your posing Ian Malcolm.
If you need to decorate your home in dinosaurs, stat, this is the way to go about it. Art always, uh, finds a way.


text:
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'True Blood' will end its run in 2014
September 3, 2013 by Lena Lamoray
The hit show TRUE BLOOD will end its run in 2014, it was announced today by Michael Lombardo, president, HBO Programming. Consisting of ten episodes, the previously announced seventh season will launch next summer. "TRUE BLOOD has been nothing short of a defining show for HBO," noted Lombardo. "Alan Ball took the books by Charlaine Harris, … [Read more...]
Filed Under: News, TV Tagged With: Alexander Skarsgård, Anna Paquin, Carrie Preston, Chris Bauer, Deborah Ann Woll, HBO, Nelsan Ellis, Rutina Wesley, Ryan Kwanten, Sam Trammell, Stephen Moyer, Todd Lowe, True Blood
TRUE BLOOD Volume 4 Soundtrack available on May 28
April 30, 2013 by Lena Lamoray
Get Ready To Bite Into True Blood's Volume 4 Soundtrack Available Everywhere May 28th Courtesy of ATO Records Album Includes Tracks From Eric Burdon with Jenny Lewis, My Morning Jacket, The Flaming Lips, Alabama Shakes, Iggy Pop with Bethany Cosentino of Best Coast and more! Following on the heels of its three previously Grammy-nominated … [Read more...]
Filed Under: Music, News, TV Tagged With: Alexander Skarsgård, Anna Paquin, Carrie Preston, Chris Bauer, Deborah Ann Woll, HBO, Joe Manganiello, Kristin Bauer van Straten, Nelsan Ellis, Rutina Wesley, Ryan Kwanten, Sam Trammell, Stephen Moyer, True Blood
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LAST WEEK TONIGHT WITH JOHN OLIVER will return for its eighth season Feb. 14 on HBO
HBO's Emmy®-winning LAST WEEK TONIGHT WITH JOHN OLIVER will return for its eighth season SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 14 (11:00-11:30 p.m. ET/PT). The series airs on HBO and will be available to stream on HBO … [Watch Now...]
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FIRE FIGHT AUSTRALIA, hosted by Olivia Newton-John, airing Sat. Feb. 29 on FOX
FOX will air special coverage of the star-studded benefit concert FIRE FIGHT AUSTRALIA on Saturday, Feb. 29 (11:00 PM-12:00 AM ET/PT). The concert, taking place Feb. 16 in Sydney's ANZ Stadium, benefits key organizations providing vital short, medium and long-term rescue, recover and rehabilitation assistance in Australia's fire-affected areas. Both internationally renowned and local musicians […]
'David Bowie: Finding Fame' premieres Aug. 9 on Showtime
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Exclusive Interview: RJ Mitte discusses 'Who's Driving Doug,' 'Breaking Bad' and more
I spoke with RJ Mitte about Who's Driving Doug, Breaking Bad, Switched at Birth, people's misconceptions about disabilities, his anti-bullying campaign, working with Shriners Hospitals for Children and United Cerebral Palsy, his fashion work, and so much more. RJ played Walter White, Jr. on one of the best shows in television history, Breaking Bad. RJ […]
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With recent water alerts and announcements in both the U.S. and Canada, there has been a rise in people posing as local water authority employees attempting to sell water filtration systems door to door. It's unfortunate that under these circumstances, reports of residents complaining of salesmen using aggressive tactics are on the rise. But what's just as important is separating fact from fiction to ensure your home receives clean water while avoiding these situations.
Typically, when there's something wrong with your drinking water, you would reach out to your local water utility to report or fix the situation, or you would find a company that provides water treatment solutions, like filtration and softening. It's rare — likely unheard of — that a representative would visit your home for any reason unannounced, especially to sell you something.
If you find yourself answering the door to a potentially aggressive salesman posing as a water filtration representative, just shut the door. If they make you really uncomfortable, call police.
Your local Culligan Water Consultant will always introduce himself or herself when coming to your door, and you will easily be able to identify them by a Culligan shirt or truck. Also, a Culligan Water Consultant will never enter your house under false pretenses, and they will always clearly and honestly answer questions about the services they are offering, whether it's a water test, installation, water delivery, or other service.
If someone is telling you to purchase water treatment while posing as a local water authority representative or service provider, contact your local Culligan Man or municipal water provider to verify first.


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Strengthening Vietnam Women's Union's capacity for sustainable reintegration of returnee women migrants
On August 23, 2019, in Hanoi, the Vietnam Women's Union (VWU), the Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA), and the International Organization for Migration (IOM) signed the Record of Discussions (ROD) of the project "Strengthening Vietnamese Capacity for Sustainable Reintegration of Returning Women Migrants and Their Households in Vulnerable Conditions in Vietnam" (hereinafter referred to as "the Project").
VWU Vice President Bui Thi Hoa, Country Director of KOICA Vietnam Office Kim Jinoh; IOM Chief of Mission in Vietnam David Knight sign the ROD
Madam Nguyen Thi Thu Ha – member of Vietnam Communist Party Central Committee, President of the VWU; Country Director of KOICA Vietnam Office Kim Jinoh; IOM Chief of Mission in Vietnam David Knight attended the ceremony.
The Project is implemented in 30 months (2019-2021) in 5 cities, provinces namely Hanoi, Hai Phong, Hai Duong, Can Tho, and Hau Giang. The Project's objective is to enhance the VWU's capacity to support Vietnamese returnee women migrants to reintegrate and stabilize their lives. The Project includes the following components: Improvement of the policy support environment including policy consultation and awareness raising workshops for stakeholders to facilitate reintegration of returnee female migrants through promoting local ownership, partnership, and alignment to development planning; Roadmap recommendations for future policy and program development, including baseline study and building roadmap for future policy development; Capacity empowerment of VWU staff, including training at policy level, training of trainers and roll out training for One Stop Service Office (OSSO), and development of guideline for OSSO management; Establishment and operation of OSSO to support women returnees and their families in the 5 project sites.
At the ceremony, Madam Nguyen Thi Thu Ha highly appreciated the profound humanity of the Project in the context of increasing number of Vietnamese women marrying Koreans, and many among them and their children returned to their home country. The Project contributes to addressing urgent and important issues of women and the society through supporting sustainable reintegration of returnee women migrants and their families.
VWU President Nguyen Thi Thu Ha at the ceremony
According to Madam Nguyen Thi Thu Ha, by implementing the Project, the VWU, on the one hand can fulfil its responsibilities towards women and the society, on the other hand can contribute to realizing the commitment by leaders of the two governments of Vietnam and Korea in supporting Vietnamese brides.
Country Director of KOICA Vietnam Office Kim Jinoh; IOM Chief of Mission in Vietnam David Knight also expressed their commitment to collaborating with the VWU in the project implementation, thereby contributing to achieving the people-centered goal set by KOICA as well as to making Vietnam a pioneer country to realize one out of 23 objectives of the International Migration Package of support for migrants to reintegrate into the community in Vietnam.
VWU President Nguyen Thi Thu Ha presents souvenir to Mr. Kim Jinoh
VWU President Nguyen Thi Thu Ha presents souvenir to Mr. David Knight
Translated by International Relations Department


Marsh House Farm bed and breakfast offers tasteful and sophisticated accommodation. All bedrooms are centrally heated with under floor heating in the bathrooms. They all consist of double wardrobe facilities with bedside, occasional tables and soft seating. All three bed and breakfast rooms have tea and coffee making facilities for your enjoyment and all have complementary toiletry basket. There is free wi-fi access in all rooms.
A calming and relaxing double bedroom with en-suite facility.
This bedroom is at the rear of the property overlooking the garden. The outlook is very picturesque and has a peaceful and tranquil feel.
The bed is a comfortable, cream wrought iron bed with accompanying bedding in a luxury hotel style in white and champagne.
The bathroom is bright and airy, with white suite which includes a quirky idiosyncratic French Sitz bath with shower attachment.
This room is located at the front of the property. The windows have wooden shutters which are surrounded by sweet smelling clematis that frame the outlook over the fields opposite.
The en-suite in this room is a large, traditionally decorated bathroom, retaining a style which reflects this property's time-honoured elegance.
The bedroom has a large double bed and is dressed with a sophisticated finish in a traditional style.
This is a very large double room which is situated at the front of the house and overlooks the farmer's fields opposite where you can watch the sheep graze to your hearts content.
The generously sized bedroom has a deluxe feel. It has a large double bed with rich, indulgent bedding accessories, which help refine its look.
The en-suite has a large walk-in shower and has a bright and spacious atmosphere which matches that of the bedroom perfectly.
The lounge area is a beautiful, large, flowing area which incorporates the breakfast area, garden room and relaxing living room.
The lounge has original sash windows with wooden shutters and has an amazing traditional feature fire place providing warmth and comfort during the winter and a gorgeous focal point during the summer months.
This newly created space has been recently refurbished to incorporate a garden room. The flexible space flows freely with oak wooden flooring throughout and provides a calm and comfortable area to enjoy breakfast and a relaxing and restful space to unwind during the evenings.
The accommodation is open and bright and is available to our guests all day. It has a TV, a large book case where guests can take advantage of the varied reading material on offer and is flexible enough that it can be enjoyed at any time.
There is no regimented seating plan for breakfast, you could find yourself enjoying your toast overlooking the beautiful gardens, listening to the birds singing in the spring and summer months or cosying up with your porridge next to the inviting fire place during those chilly autumn and winter months.
A wonderful and stunning addition to the property to enhance your stay at Marsh House Farm.


Ranjit Chatterjee is currently working as an eminent Faculty member at Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, India. He has published numerous research papers and articles in reputed journals and has various other achievements in the related studies. He has extended his valuable service towards the scientific community with his extensive research work.


PMI India Senior Champion Kiran Rajeshirke was a speaker and panel member at a symposium organized by PMI Pune-Deccan India Chapter on 25 March. The topic, big data analytics and its adoption for next-gen products and services, brought together the project management community from every industry segments and their ecosystems.
PMI India Champion Kamaljeet Singh ran an awareness building program for senior executives of Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC).
The session was attended by around 25 senior officers from ONGC with over 15 years of experience in executing complex projects and managing the same across various locations. The entire program was modularized and planned considering the audience experience level on Microsoft Project (MSP) 2016.
The session was focused on providing hands on experience and covering practical scenarios and usage of MSP 2016 for beginners and advanced users. Some of the advance topics were custom reporting on schedule tracking, variances, percentage complete, physical percentage completion of work, and weightages. Mr. Singh also gave an introductory talk on Enterprise Project Management System.
PMI India Champion Ravindra Kulkarni conducted an awareness building session on roles and responsibility matrix, "Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, Informed (RACI)," titled "RACI - Myths and Facts," at GlobalEdge Software, Bangalore for business heads and executives of various enabling functions. There were over 40 participants. The session was coordinated by PMI India Champion Raghavendra Guruprasad and Ramya HS, from the quality department of GlobalEdge Software Ltd. The participants are now keen on completing the RACI matrix for various enabling functions identified in the next three months.


In some markets, real estate agents often say that they have plenty of listings, but need buyers. Real estate agency profit consultant, Gary Pittard, says that this thinking is unprofitable. "Look at the real problem", Gary says. The real problem is not too many listings, but not enough SALEABLE listings. All real estate agencies could do with more listings that are priced to sell.


IFC's not gonna go with a movie without an R, so there's no movie if you do that scene. I felt that, if this movie was going to be sexually charged, which it is, there were certain visual strategies that had to be adjusted. I mean, you can, but you're not gonna get an R. I think, for me, that this film is about action and reaction, it's about responses and how we as human beings affect one another, and then the choices that we make in dealing with that affect. What I love about this film, and Jim's work, is his freedom to express stuff about sexuality. Campbell's Vera Berrie contemplates her next move.
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At OpenSignal, Ian and his team develops new insights and analysis using OpenSignal's mobile analytics data and represents OpenSignal with industry organizations. Prior to joining OpenSignal, Ian created product strategy recommendations and market analysis reports for 15 years at Forrester, IHS Markit and Jupiter Research. As Senior Director at IHS, Ian led the team responsible for forecasting mobile network infrastructure, telecom operators, mobile apps, smartwatches and smartphones. Also, Ian has 9 years of experience in product and marketing roles at mobile operator Three, cable operator Cable & Wireless and device maker Psion.
Ian has end-to-end expertise across the mobile and telecom market. He is an energetic and passionate speaker and is regularly quoted in business media, including: CNBC, Financial Times, BBC, AP and Reuters.


text:
/*
 * As
 *
 * 弹性伸缩API
 *
 */

package model

import (
	"encoding/json"

	"strings"
)

// Request Object
type ShowScalingConfigRequest struct {
	ScalingConfigurationId string `json:"scaling_configuration_id"`
}

func (o ShowScalingConfigRequest) String() string {
	data, _ := json.Marshal(o)
	return strings.Join([]string{"ShowScalingConfigRequest", string(data)}, " ")
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This thesis explains and discusses the conspiracies reported against the Hungarian noblewoman, Countess Elizabeth Bathory, regarding her confinement and the arrest of her accomplices in December 1610. The conspiracies state that the Countess was unjustly targeted and charged not because she was guilty of the deaths of several dozen girls from torture, but because she represented a threat to the Hapsburg Empire due to her wealth, her political influence, and her widowhood. This thesis explores the rationality of these two conspiracies using historical context regarding the position of noblewomen in Central and Eastern Europe and the function and use of the Early Modern judicial system. It concludes that that there was no gender based conspiracy against the Countess because Early Modern Hungary did not see wealthy widows as a threat. Bathory did not seriously violate her expected roles and duties while a wife, widow, or a mother, and at her arrest had only a fraction of the power and wealth she held previously. Additionally the trial against her accomplices was conducted under standard Early Modern judicial procedures, including the use of torture to obtain a confession.
Bledsaw, Rachael Leigh, "No Blood in the Water: The Legal and Gender Conspiracies Against Countess Elizabeth Bathory in Historical Context" (2014). Theses and Dissertations. 135.


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Are Racially Restrictive Covenants In Real Estate Deeds Enforceable In Michigan?
by stevejedinak | Nov 18, 2021 | Property Law |
If you go to the local register of deeds office in Michigan and go back in time to look at property deeds recorded in the 1940s or earlier, you may be shocked to find that some of these deeds have restrictive covenants that actually prohibit certain races (or all non-white races for that matter) from owning or occupying the property in question. This was especially prevalent in neighborhoods governed by homeowners associations which tried to segregate their territory to exclude those races and cultures that did not fit their profile. These deeds may have a restrictive covenant that explicitly states "[n]o persons of any race other than white or Caucasian shall use or occupy any premises, or any part thereof." Some of these provisions may carve out an exception for "domestic servants of a different race domiciled with an owner or tenant". These archaic covenants are relics of a different time, but they still appear on the deeds of property owners in Michigan today. Are these racially restrictive covenants enforceable in a court of law?
There was a time when the U.S. Supreme Court gave its blessing to these types of racist covenants. In Corrigan v. Buckley, 271 U.S. 323; 46 S.Ct.521; 70 L.Ed 969 (1926), the high court ruled that the racially restrictive covenants in the deeds of multiple property owners was a legally binding document which made the selling of a house to a black family a void contract. This opened the floodgates for neighborhoods and subdivisions around the country to add these covenants to keep out those persons that they deemed undesirable. This arrangement lasted for twenty-two years until the U.S. Supreme Court was called upon to hear these matters again.
In Shelley v. Kraemer, 334 U.S. 1; 68 S.Ct. 836; 92 L.Ed. 1161 (1948), a black property purchaser purchased a parcel by warranty deed in August 1945 but had no actual knowledge that the chain of title contained a racially restrictive covenant at the time of sale. In October 1945, neighbors on other nearby properties subject to the terms of the restrictive covenant filed suit to obtain an injunction preventing the black owners from taking possession and a judgment divesting them of any ownership interest in the property. The trial court refused to grant the relief sought, but the Missouri Supreme Court reversed and compelled the trial court to enforce the provisions therein. This matter was also incorporated by a companion case in Michigan where a black couple in Wayne County purchased land subject to a covenant stating: "This property shall not be used or occupied by any person or persons except those of the Caucasian race." The neighbors also subject to this restrictive agreement filed suit to enforce the terms and the Wayne County Circuit Court granted the relief sought. The Michigan Supreme Court upheld this decision and determined the property owners' Fourteenth Amendment rights were not violated. Both cases reached the U.S. Supreme Court.
The U.S. Supreme Court overruled Corrigan v. Buckley and both supreme courts in Missouri and Michigan to rule that the state court's enforcement of these racially restrictive covenants was state action and therefore denied these petitioners the equal protection of the law under the Fourteenth Amendment:
"We have no doubt that there has been state action in these cases in the full and complete sense of the phrase. The undisputed facts disclose that petitioners were willing purchasers of properties upon which they desired to establish homes. The owners of the properties were willing sellers, and contracts of sale were accordingly consummated. It is clear that, but for the active intervention of the state courts, supported by the full panoply of state power, petitioners would have been free to occupy the properties in question without restraint." 334 U.S. at 19.
"We hold that, in granting judicial enforcement of the restrictive agreements in these cases, the States have denied petitioners the equal protection of the laws, and that, therefore, the action of the state courts cannot stand. We have noted that freedom from discrimination by the States in the enjoyment of property rights was among the basic objectives sought to be effectuated by the framers of the Fourteenth Amendment. That such discrimination has occurred in these cases is clear. Because of the race or color of these petitioners, they have been denied rights of ownership or occupancy enjoyed as a matter of course by other citizens of different race or color." 334 U.S. at 20-21.
"Respondents urge, however, that, since the state courts stand ready to enforce restrictive covenants excluding white persons from the ownership or occupancy of property covered by such agreements, enforcement of covenants excluding colored persons may not be deemed a denial of equal protection of the laws to the colored persons who are thereby affected. This contention does not bear scrutiny. The parties have directed our attention to no case in which a court, state or federal, has been called upon to enforce a covenant excluding members of the white majority from ownership or occupancy of real property on grounds of race or color. But there are more fundamental considerations. The rights created by the first section of the Fourteenth Amendment are, by its terms, guaranteed to the individual. The rights established are personal rights. It is, therefore, no answer to these petitioners to say that the courts may also be induced to deny white persons rights of ownership and occupancy on grounds of race or color. Equal protection of the laws is not achieved through indiscriminate imposition of inequalities. Nor do we find merit in the suggestion that property owners who are parties to these agreements are denied equal protection of the laws if denied access to the courts to enforce the terms of restrictive covenants and to assert property rights which the state courts have held to be created by such agreements. The Constitution confers upon no individual the right to demand action by the State which results in the denial of equal protection of the laws to other individuals. And it would appear beyond question that the power of the State to create and enforce property interests must be exercised within the boundaries defined by the Fourteenth Amendment." 334 U.S. at 21-22.
"The historical context in which the Fourteenth Amendment became a part of the Constitution should not be forgotten. Whatever else the framers sought to achieve, it is clear that the matter of primary concern was the establishment of equality in the enjoyment of basic civil and political rights and the preservation of those rights from discriminatory action on the part of the States based on considerations of race or color. Seventy-five years ago, this Court announced that the provisions of the Amendment are to be construed with this fundamental purpose in mind. Upon full consideration, we have concluded that, in these cases, the States have acted to deny petitioners the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment." 334 U.S. at 23.
The immediate effect of this decision is that racially restrictive covenants across the nation became completely unenforceable by both state and federal courts. The Michigan Supreme Court, which was reversed in the Shelley v Kraemer decision, took the lesson to heart and applied the new law of the land. In Phillips v Naff, 332 Mich 389; 52 NW2d 158 (1952), the plaintiffs sued in Wayne County Circuit Court to recover damages for breach of a racial restrictive covenant by alleging that the defendants violated these terms by conveying restricted property to black people and placing them in possession and occupancy. The circuit court granted the motion to dismiss, and the Michigan Supreme Court upheld the decision on appeal finding that the Fourteenth Amendment prevents the maintenance of an action for breach of racial restrictive covenants.
The Michigan Court of Appeals later ruled in Spencer v Flint Memorial Park Association, 4 Mich App 157; 144 NW2d 622 (1966) that a racially restrictive agreement in a burial plot was unenforceable. The plaintiff, a black man, sought to enjoin the association from interfering with and refusing to allow him to bury another black person in the plot he owned. The association raised as a defense the restrictive agreement existing at the time plaintiff purchased the burial plot which excluded the bodies of "Negroes" from burial in the cemetery. The trial court issued summary judgement in the plaintiff's favor. The Michigan Court of Appeals agreed, finding that the enforcement of a restrictive agreement of a cemetery association which would deny the owner of a cemetery plot, who is black, the right to bury a non-Caucasian therein denied him the equal protection of laws under the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution.
Unfortunately, there is no legal mechanism to go into every register of deeds office in the State of Michigan and delete all of these racially restrictive covenants from the record. They remain a reminder of the more embarrassing moments in our nation's history where it was permissible for states to enforce discriminatory agreements to further suppress minority races. What is important, however, is that if you stumble upon one of these archaic covenants in a real estate document during the course of a transaction, just know that it is likely unenforceable in any state or federal court by anyone. By chance that you do stumble upon a questionable covenant or provision in a contract or deed, you should consult with a skilled property lawyer first before concluding whether it is or is not enforceable.
If you have further questions about property law or need legal representation, then do not hesitate to contact the experienced lawyers at Kershaw, Vititoe & Jedinak PLC for assistance today.


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old-article 111641646989154 https://lifestyle.livemint.com story https://lifestyle.livemint.com News /news/talking-point/opinion-the-seductive-illusion-of-hard-work-111641646989154.html https://images.livemint.com/img/2019/02/17/90x90/hardworkpic_1550420818628_1550420818968.jpg
Home > News> Talking Point > Opinion | The seductive illusion of hard work
Opinion | The seductive illusion of hard work
Hard work has always been romanticized but never as much as it is nowadays
Hard work and success are most certainly correlated but people are misguided if they think hard work alone can lead to success
/news/talking-point/opinion-the-seductive-illusion-of-hard-work-111641646989154.html 111641646989154 story
By Utkarsh Amitabh
I spent my Christmas break in London. Every morning, I would read a bit and then step out for tea and scones at a local bakery on Angel High Street. At the bakery, I stumbled on to three students who were raising money for a prominent international non-profit. They stood right outside the bakery and handed out flyers to all customers but no one ever stopped to make a donation. Repeated failures didn't seem to daunt them. They would be outside the bakery every day, going after people with the same pitch over and over again. I know this first-hand because they pitched to me five days in a row without a tweak.
On the sixth day, I chatted with them and said if they came up with 20 alternative strategies for fundraising in an hour—roughly the time I would spend at the bakery—I would make a donation. By the time I was done with my tea, they had 20 cool ideas ready. I filled in my details, gave them a donation and walked back.
That day I had rewarded their innovative ideas, not the hard work they put in chasing me for six days. I had no way of knowing whether they would implement any of the ideas but I wanted them to realize that their current approach was not working. I was hoping they would understand that the illusion of working hard during holidays was preventing them from critically analysing the situation at hand: Which was how to get more donations.
Hard work has always been romanticized but never as much as it is now. Social media is plastered with quotes along the lines of "You can't out-work me" or "Sleep is for the weak". People take great pride in flaunting their punishing work routines, and robot-like well-being rituals. Proclamations of hard work are distracting and debilitating for almost everyone involved. First, they confuse being busy with being effective. Second, they unintentionally standardize aspirations. Third and most important, they make it seem like pivoting or changing course of action is a sign of weakness. Hard work and success are most certainly correlated but people are misguided if they think hard work alone can lead to success.
I am a part of several global communities like Network Capital, Global Shapers and UNLEASH, and on analysing the highest performers among these communities, I can safely say that the informed and intelligent choices these people made were the real catalysts of success. Hard work helped but only because they had made wise choices in the first place.
Arriving at the right set of choices needs robust mental models and intentional experimentation. Unfortunately, the incentive structures in schools, colleges and most workplaces are antithetical to calculated experiments and evidence-based decision-making. Most work and education systems, instead of encouraging us to design frameworks that work for us, nudge us into a weird competitive game with ourselves and our peers.
If you are trying very hard, find yourself uninspired and exhausted, you are most likely playing the wrong game. No matter how many hours you put in or how hard you continue to toil, things won't change. Also, instead of competing and wondering who works harder and longer, focus on understanding your strengths, weaknesses, inclinations and motivations.
The night I was taking my flight back to Delhi, I found a postcard under my door. This is what it said: "Thank you, for helping me find a home and some hot food on Christmas." It was signed by the recipient who had benefitted from my donation. The three students had changed their approach. They had now started sending notes and were letting the beneficiaries speak for themselves instead of the monotonous morning pitch made by them.
It's time to ignore impassioned proclamations of hard work and focus more on picking the right solutions for problems. Let's begin by stating the obvious—sleep is not for the weak and working hard for the heck of it is a waste of time and potential.
Millennial Matters is a column that recalibrates the skills needed to survive and find meaning in the workplace of tomorrow.
Utkarsh Amitabh is founder of Network Capital, a global peer mentoring community and a WEF Global Shaper.
Hard Work | Millennial Matters | Success


text:
The Best Bottles of Glenlivet Whisky for Every Occasion
Written by Josh Mitchell in Reviews
Glenlivet is one of the biggest selling single malt whisky brands in the world but which of their whiskies are the best and for which occasions. In order to find out I did some (enjoyable) research and here's what I found.
Best For Flavor: The Glenlivet XXV
The XXV is the best Glenlivet whisky when it comes to flavor. That's because it's the expression where the Glenlivet profile is at its most flavorful. To better explain what I mean, here are the eleven main Glenlivet whiskies and what they're like in terms of flavor.
The Glenlivet 12 Year Old Double Oak
This is a sweet and tasty whisky that's very easy to drink. It's not complex but the flavors it does have go very well together. It's also incredibly smooth.
The Glenlivet 14 Year Old
This whisky has the basic Glenlivet profile – so it's sweet, tasty and smooth, but because it's also matured in ex-cognac casks it also has a well-balanced cognac influence.
The Glenlivet 15 Year Old French Oak Reserve
This whisky also has the basic Glenlivet profile but because it's also matured in French oak casks for a limited amount of time, it also has some non-sherry fruity sweetness.
The Glenlivet 18 Year Old Batch Reserve
The Glenlivet 18 has the same flavor profile as the 12 (because unlike the 14 it's not matured in ex-cognac casks and unlike the 15 it's not matured in French oak casks), but the six extra years give it much more depth and complexity.
The Glenlivet 21 Year Old Archive
After 21 years of maturation, the Glenlivet profile is very well developed. That's why this whisky has lots of flavors. It's sweet, extremely smooth, complex and very well balanced. It's a delicious, enjoyable whisky.
The Glenlivet XXV
The XXV is even better than the 21. It's delicious with a lot of well-balanced flavors, and it's sweet, smooth and complex all the way through.
The Glenlivet Caribbean Reserve
This is a very young whisky, so it has even less depth and complexity than the 12 but some of it is finished in casks that previously held Caribbean rum, which gives this whisky a prominent rum sweetness.
This is also a very young whisky with even less depth and complexity than the 12 but it's still good and easy to drink. It's sweet, smooth and tasty.
The Glenlivet Nàdurra Oloroso
This is a cask strength whisky so it's tasty despite being relatively young – it has no age statement. And since it's matured in first-fill Oloroso sherry oak casks it has a prominent sherry character.
The Glenlivet Nàdurra First Fill Selection
This is also a cask strength whisky, but it's aged in new American white oak casks (not ex-bourbon casks) which adds a lot of depth and complexity to the Glenlivet profile, making this a flavorful whisky with a nice combination of sweet and fruit notes.
The Glenlivet Nàdurra Peated Whisky Cask Finish
This cask strength whisky is finished in casks that previously held heavily peated Scotch, so it's relatively complex with well-balanced flavors and a light peat that doesn't dominate the whisky.
As you can see, it's the older Glenlivet whiskies that are the most flavorful. The 18 is where you really start to see the depth and complexity of the Glenlivet flavor profile, which is even better in the 21 and best in the XXV. That's why the Glenlivet XXV is the best Glenlivet whisky when it comes to flavor.
For more information on these whiskies, see my in-depth review of them here.
Best For Price: The Glenlivet 18 Year Old
The Glenlivet 18 Year Old Batch Reserve is the best Glenlivet whisky when it comes to price. To help me explain why that is, here's a list of the eleven main Glenlivet whiskies and their approximate prices for a 750ml bottle:
The Glenlivet 12 Year Old Double Oak $50
The Glenlivet 14 Year Old $63
The Glenlivet 15 Year Old French Oak Reserve $80
The Glenlivet 18 Year Old Batch Reserve $138
The Glenlivet 21 Year Old Archive $295
The Glenlivet XXV $460
The Glenlivet Caribbean Reserve $42
The Glenlivet Founder's Reserve $42
The Glenlivet Nàdurra Oloroso $94
The Glenlivet Nàdurra First Fill Selection $92
The Glenlivet Nàdurra Peated Whisky Cask Finish $90
Most Glenlivet whiskies are pretty good value for money. The 12, 14, 15 and 18 are understandably progressively more expensive but they're a good price for what they are. The same applies to the Nàdurra range and although they're some of the more expensive Glenlivet expressions, they're a relatively reasonable price for a cask strength whisky.
The Caribbean Reserve and Founder's Reserve are the cheapest Glenlivet whiskies because they're very young and non-complex.
Only the Glenlivet 21 Year Old and the Glenlivet XXV are expensive for what they are (or to be more accurate – very expensive for what they are), which is a shame because it would have been better if the best Glenlivet whisky for flavor (the XXV) would also have been the best Glenlivet whisky for price.
Which is why I think that the Glenlivet 18 Year Old is the best Glenlivet whisky when it comes to price. It's not the Glenlivet profile at its most flavorful, but it is the Glenlivet profile at its most flavorful before the gap between value and price becomes too big for most people.
Best For Cognac Flavors: The Glenlivet 14 Year Old
The Glenlivet 14 Year Old is the best Glenlivet whisky for cognac flavors.
That's because it's matured in first-fill ex-bourbon American oak casks, first-fill ex-sherry casks and ex-cognac casks. So, it has the basic Glenlivet profile – sweet, tasty and smooth, and a well-balanced cognac influence.
If you like the Glenlivet flavor profile and you like cognac flavors, then the Glenlivet 14 Year Old will be the best Glenlivet whisky for you.
Best For Rum Flavors: The Glenlivet Caribbean Reserve
The Glenlivet Caribbean Reserve is the best Glenlivet whisky for rum flavors.
That's because some of the whisky that makes up the Caribbean Reserve is finished in casks that previously held Caribbean rum, which gives this whisky a prominent rum sweetness.
If you like the Glenlivet flavor profile and you like rum sweetness, then the Glenlivet Caribbean Reserve will be the best Glenlivet whisky for you.
Best For Sherry Flavors: The Glenlivet Nàdurra Oloroso
The Glenlivet Nàdurra Oloroso is the best Glenlivet whisky for sherry flavors.
That's because it's matured in first-fill Oloroso sherry oak casks which gives the whisky a sherry character. It's not a sherry bomb, but on the other hand, there's enough sherry that it might be overpowering the basic Glenlivet profile a little too much.
Nevertheless, if you like the Glenlivet flavor profile and you like sherry, then the Glenlivet Nàdurra Oloroso will be the best Glenlivet whisky for you.
Best For Peat Flavors: The Glenlivet Nàdurra Peated
The Glenlivet Nàdurra Peated Whisky Cask Finish is the best Glenlivet whisky for peat flavors.
That's because it's finished in casks that previously held heavily peated Scotch.
Now normally, peated whiskies are made by using peat to fuel the kiln that's drying the barley used to make the whisky, so this is a very unusual way of making a whisky with peat flavors. But since most Glenlivet whiskies aren't peated, it would presumably be too much effort and expense to make this one in the usual way.
On the other hand, the advantage of being made in this unusual way is that the peat character is relatively light, so if you want to try peated whiskies but don't want to start with an intense Islay peat monster, then the Glenlivet Nàdurra Peated Whisky Cask Finish will be the best Glenlivet whisky for you.


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Q: ee.mapclient with python 2.7 and Anaconda, possible alternatives? I have installed the google earth engine python APIs in my MAcOS where also Anaconda is installed. I got problem with the object ee.mapclient. I made it working modifying the line of the import using
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
Now it does not produce error message but it is not working either. When I run a script in Spyder the console returns several message and it enters in loop.
Running the same script line by line in the console, a big black window is opened but nothing is displayed.
Is there any solution to make it working? I know that the developer is not maintaining this object because too dependent to TK libraries. Is there any other solution to display satellite data?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Can I earn reward points when I use my Alliant Visa® Platinum Rewards credit card in Apple Pay™?
Yes. Your Apple Pay™ transactions earn rewards with your Alliant Visa® Platinum Rewards Credit Card just as they do when you use your physical card at a checkout terminal or online.
What's the process if I return an item paid for with Apple Pay™ and my Alliant Visa® card?
What if I have a problem enrolling my card in Apple Pay™?


Wasserman Schultz "Pretty Happy" With "Job Growth"
John Roberts, FOX News: "So then the suggestion that we should keep doing the same thing? There's that old definition of doing the same thing over and over again expecting a different result."
Debbie Wasserman Schultz: "Well we should keep doing -- Well, I am pretty happy about straight 28 months of job growth in the private sector."
Roberts: "Are you happy about 80,000 jobs last month? 69,000 the month before that. Are you happy with those numbers?
Wasserman Schultz: "Like I said, we -- and President Obama has said, we need to continue to improve and we need to do more and we need to work together."
Obama To Romney: "What You Say Matters And Your Principles Matter"
Gibbs On Economy: Obama Has "Pulled The Bus Out Of The Ditch"


t down.>> The deadliest gun massacre in recent American history occured in Las Vegas in October, leaving 58 dead. And then a month later another 26 were killed in a church in Texas. I'm Reuters' reporter Tim Reid and I was in Vegas and Texas after both shootings.
What struck me about the Vegas shooting was the sheer size of the gunman's arsenal. People found 23 weapons and over 10 cases of ammunition in his room on the 32nd floor of the Mandalay Bay Hotel. And then just a few weeks after Vegas, a lone gunman walked into a church in the tiny hamlet of Sutherland Springs, in Texas, and killed another 26 people.
I think the most shocking thing about the Vegas shooting was the sheer scale of the carnage. 58 dead and over 500 wounded. And what affected me the most in Texas was the fact that nine members of a single family were killed, including a toddler. Yet the chances of meaningful gun control laws being passed are as distant as ever.
Indeed, after the shootings, the US House of Representatives passed a bill that would allow people to use permits to carry concealed weapons across state lines.


Albania isn't the first country that comes to mind when thinking of popular European destinations. So why go there?
If you're interested in exploring countries in eastern and southern Europe, it's very central, being just north of Greece and east of Italy. Americans can stay for up to a year without a visa (many others get 90 days on arrival), and the US dollar stretches a long way.
I've been in Tirana, the capital and largest city in the country, for a few weeks and I've been impressed so far! It's clean and safe, the people are fantastic, there's good infrastructure, and it's quite an affordable destination.
Got travel insurance for your Albania trip yet? A good policy can cover you for all kinds of sticky situations, from medical emergencies to canceled flights, theft, lost luggage, and more. We've been using World Nomads for over a decade.
Prior to arriving, I did plenty of reading about the major mobile carriers in Albania.
Vodafone is the largest, oldest, and generally most-expensive player in the market. It has 3G coverage throughout most of the country, with 4G in Tirana and other large cities.
Telekom Albania (commonly called T-Mobile Albania), is the second largest carrier in the country. It tends to be little cheaper than Vodafone, with similar coverage.
ALBtelecom is the smaller, scrappy carrier that commonly has incredible specials to try and gain market share. It has 4G in Tirana, and is apparently rapidly expanding it elsewhere.
Yes, all three offer pre-paid plans!
Some of the articles I read online were a little dated, so I did what I always do: ask locals what they use and why.
My cab driver (there's no Uber here) used ALB because of the price. He had no complaints about the service, but he never leaves the big city. My Airbnb host used Vodafone because it's the oldest, and had always been reliable for him in and out of Tirana.
Lastly, a guy I met in a coworking space recommended Vodafone over Telekom because he's had better experiences using his phone as a hotspot with Vodafone whenever his wired Internet flakes out.
Armed with this info the decision was clear. Unless I was hit with sticker shock, I was going with Vodafone.
Finding a Vodafone shop (or either of the competitor's shops) isn't hard. They are everywhere, including just outside of baggage claim at the airport.
Since I did my final research outside of the airport, however, I ended up buying my SIM card in town. A quick look on Google Maps showed almost two dozen shops in the city center, but there are loads more not on the map.
I walked into the store nearest to my Airbnb. Both people working spoke broken English and had some signage that helped to seal the deal.
Can't be bothered with the hassle of buying a local SIM in Albania? OneSIM topped our international SIM card comparison.
Vodafone offers monthly (well almost monthly, they are good for 28 days) prepaid plans in several different increments. They're known as "Club" plans, and you'll even get literature that says "Welcome to the Club".
I reviewed the options and decided to go with the Giga Depot plan, with 400 mins of talk time, 400 SMS messages, and 6GB of LTE data.
The cost was 1100 LEKE (roughly $10.25 USD, or €8.25). Considering Vodafone is the most expensive carrier in the country, I was sold!
Plan prices and offerings change regularly in response to competition, but that said, there were still plans from the previous month being shown in store, and the differences were negligible.
I'm also a happy customer of Google Fi (the company's awesome cell service), but when I reviewed the prices at Vodafone, it was a no-brainer.
I could get six times the amount of data at the same cost as Fi (plus a local Albanian number, and likely better LTE coverage) for the same price. Decision made.
The setup and checkout process at the Vodafone store was painless. The SIM card was free, and I even got to pick my phone number. They handed me a stack of new, sealed SIM card packs, each with a sticker with the corresponding number attached, to choose between.
I needed my passport, as a US driver's license or Global Entry ID card wouldn't suffice. I also had to sign a piece of paper from the carrier, written in Albanian.
After asking the staff for help with translation, I learned it basically said I wouldn't use the service in an illegal manner, or attempt to resell it. I also had to pay cash, as credit cards weren't accepted at the store I went to.
Kiosks are available in each store for topping up, and you can also use them to add incremental voice/text/data if you run out before your package expires.
So far, I've not left Tirana (there's a surprising number of things to do here) but I've wandered and jogged all over town. Whether I'm deep in downtown, or in the middle of the biggest park (which is large and very nice,) I've always had blazingly-fast LTE coverage.
The only exception to date has been when I've been in lower levels of shopping malls or business buildings, which I'd expect. I'm excited about exploring the rest of the country, and given I went with the company with arguably the best coverage, I'm confident I'll fare well.
Ken is a vagabond business and technology geek, endurance runner, and digital nomad. He's been on the road with his wife and two kids since 2014. Follow their adventures at www.SunglassesRequired.com.
Thanks for the update! I think the correct link is https://www.vodafone.al/vodafone/Tourist_Pack_4899_2.php — it looks like a good deal, as long as you're only in the country two weeks or less.