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Biological significance of PinX1 telomerase inhibitor in esophageal carcinoma treatment
Xiang‑Kui Fan
Rui‑Hua Yan
Xiang‑Qun Geng
Jing‑Shan Li
Xiang‑Ming Chen
Jian‑Zhe Li
Affiliations: Department of Tumor Surgery, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China, Coal Workers' Sanatorium of Taishan, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
Published online on: August 1, 2016 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3561
In the present study, to investigate the expression of PinX1 gene and its functional effects in human esophageal carcinoma (Eca)-109 cell line, expression vectors of human PinX1 (pEGFP-C3-PinX1) and its small interfering RNA (PinX1‑FAM‑siRNA) were constructed and transfected into Eca‑109 cells using Lipofectamine 2000. Firstly, the mRNA expression level of PinX1 was examined using reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction (RT‑PCR). Once successful transfection was achieved, the effects on the mRNA level of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), telomerase activity, cell proliferation and apoptosis were examined by semi‑quantitative RT‑PCR, stretch PCR, MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Analysis of restriction and sequencing demonstrated that the recombining plasmids were successfully constructed. The results also indicated that transfection with pEGFP‑C3‑PinX1 and PinX1‑FAM‑siRNA into Eca‑109 cells significantly increased PinX1 mRNA, decreased hTERT mRNA by 29.9% (P<0.05), and significantly reduced telomerase activity (P<0.05), inhibited cell growth, and increased the cell apoptotic index from 19.27±0.76 to 49.73±2%. The transfected PinX1‑FAM‑SiRNA exhibited PinX1 mRNA expression levels that were significantly decreased by 70% (P<0.05), whereas the remaining characteristics of Eca‑109 cells, including cell growth, mRNA level of hTERT, telomerase activity and cell apoptotic index were not altered. Exogenous PinX1 has been demonstrated to be highly expressed in human Eca. PinX1 can inhibit human telomerase activity and the expression of hTERT mRNA, reduce tumor cell growth and induce apoptosis. Notably, these inhibitory functions were inhibited by silencing PinX1 in Eca with PinX1‑FAM‑siRNA. PinX1 was successfully increased and decreased in the present study, demonstrating that it may be a potential telomerase activity inhibitor. As PinX1 is an endogenous telomerase inhibitor, it may be used as a novel tumor-targeted gene therapy.
Esophageal carcinoma (Eca) is a recurrent malignant neoplasm that is most common in China, resulting in China having the highest mortality and hospitalization rates for Eca. Eca is complicated by various causes, genes and phases; therefore, the majority of patients are diagnosed during the middle or late stages of the cancer. Furthermore, the prognosis is not promising with a 5-year survival rate of 5–20% (1). Therefore, the mechanism underlying Eca must be explored in order to provide effective treatment. Previous studies have demonstrated that antisense oligodeoxynucleotides are able to inhibit tumor cell growth by inhibiting RNA as well as human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) (2,3). In Eca, the amount of positive RNA is as high as 90.8%, whereas normal esophagus smooth muscle cells are negative (4). RNA-targeted genetic treatment is a popular novel treatment for Eca. Pin 2/TRF 1 interacting protein 1 (PinX1) has been demonstrated to be a potential endogenous telomerase inhibitor that is able to inhibit the telomerase activity of some cancer cells', resulting in apoptosis (5,6). However, this remains controversial as other studies have reported opposite findings (7,8). PinX1 may function via different mechanisms in different tumors, and the mechanisms underlying the inhibition of the telomerase or RNA are complex. In order to investigate PinX1's inhibiting mechanism in Eca and telomerase activity, expression vectors of human PinX1 (pEGFP-C3-PinX1) and its small interfering RNA (PinX1-FAM-siRNA) were constructed. The present study investigates whether PinX1 may be a potential telomerase activity inhibitor, and whether it can be used as a novel tumor-targeted gene therapy.
Austrian newborn cow blood serum was purchased from Weijia Company (Guangzhou, China); Lipofectamine 2000 and all primers (Invitrogen; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA); reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection kit (Takara Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Dalian, China); Thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide for the MTT assay (Sigma-Aldrich St. Louis, MO, USA); telomerase activity detection kit (Toyobo, Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan).
Human Eca-109 and human umbilical vein endothelial ECV-304 cells (both 2×104 cells/ml; both purchased from Takara Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) were cultured in RPMI 1640 and Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (both purchased from HyClone (GE Healthcare Life Sciences, Chalfont, UK) supplemented with 10% newborn calf serum with 5% CO2 at 37.5°C and normal digestive subculture. Expression vectors and siRNA were transfected with Lipofectamine 2000, according to the manufacturer's protocol, and were observed under a fluorescence microscope after 24–48 h.
Plasmid construction and siRNA
pEGFP-C3-PinX 1 and pEGFP-C3 expression vectors were synthesized in vitro by Wuhan Sanying Biotechnology (Wuhan, China) with anti-kanamycin siRNA (PinX1-FAM-siRNA sense, 5′-GUAAAGAUGUGGAAAGUUATT-3′ and antisense, 5′-TTCAUUUCUACACCUUUCAAU-3′), which was used to test PinX1 expression and was composed by Shanghai Gene Pharma Co., Ltd., (Shanghai, China).
Groupings were as follows: Group A, pEGFP-C3-PinX1 (transfected vectors with PinX1); group B, pEGFP-C3 (transfected empty vectors without PinX1); group C, Lipofectamine only; group D, control cells (Eca-109 cultured normally with no intervention); group E, PinX1-FAM-siRNA (PinX1-targeted with siRNA).
Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis
RT-PCR was used to analyze the expression of PinX1 in Eca-109 cells and the mRNA expression of hTERT. Following transfection for 48 h, total RNA was extracted using TRIzol and reverse transcribed into cDNA using avian myeloblastosis virus RT. According to the manufacturer's protocol for the Takara RT-PCR detection kit (Takara Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), PinX1 mRNA was assessed using the following conditions: 94°C pre-denaturation (2 min), 94°C denaturation (1 min), followed by 25 cycles of 55°C annealing (1 min) and 72°C extension (2 min), and final extension at 72°C for 5 min. hTERT mRNA was assessed using the following conditions: 94°C pre-denaturation (4 min) and 94°C denaturation (30 sec), followed by 30 cycles of 49°C annealing (30 sec) and 72°C extension (45 sec), and final extension at 72°C for 5 min. GAPDH was used as an internal reference for both reactions. PCR products were detected by 1% sepharose electrophoresis and were detected by a UVI Gel Imager. Quantity One software (version 4.62; Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., Hercules, CA, USA) was used to analyze the relative gray-scale values of PinX1/GAPDH and hTERT/GAPDH, respectively. Primers are listed in Table I.
Primers of Pin 2/TRF 1 interacting protein 1 (PinX1), human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and GAPDH for reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis.
Sense (5′-3′)
Anti-sense (5′-3′)
Product size (bp)
PinX1 TTTTCTCGAGATGTCTATGCTGGCTGAACG TTTTGAATTCTCATTTGGAATCTTTCTTC 987
hTERT CCGAGTGACCGTGGTTTCTGTG GGAAGCGGCGTTCGTTGTG 670
GAPDH GGAAGATGGTGATGGGATT GGATTTGGTCGTATTGGG 205
An MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation of Eca-109 cells, according to the manufacturer's protocol. Eca-109 cells were inoculated in a 96-well plate, transfected and subsequently assessed for their proliferation rates after 0, 24, 48 and 72 h by MTT. Proliferating cells were counted using a light microscope at an absorbance value (OD) of 490 (wavelength, 490 nm), and the growth curve was charted to determined the growth inhibitory rate (IR), as follows: IR = (OD490control group - OD490transfected group)/OD490control group х 100%.
Stretch PCR
Stretch PCR was used to assess telomerase activity. Eca-109 was inoculated in a 96-well plate, transfected and telomerase activity was detected after 48 h by stretch PCR using a TeloChaser kit (Toyobo Co., Ltd.), according to the manufacturer's protocol.
Results were analyzed by SPSS 13.0 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). With the exception of cell proliferation by MTT, which was analyzed by a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Student-Newman-Keuls (SNP) tests, all data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Data were presented as the mean ± standard deviation. P<0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference.
PinX1 mRNA expression levels
RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that there were extended PinX1 fragments in each group. pEGFP-C3-PinX1 significantly increased the expression of PinX1 mRNA in Eca-109 cells by as much as 160% (P<0.05). Following PinX1-FAM-siRNA transfection, the expression levels of PinX1 mRNA decreased by 70%, which effectively silenced the expression of PinX1. No significant differences in PinX1 expression were detected in the pEGFP-C3, Lipofectamine only and control groups (Table II and Fig. 1).
Expression of Pin 2/TRF 1 interacting protein 1 (PinX1) mRNA was assessed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in the (A) pEGFP-C3-PinX1, (B) pEGFP-C3, (C) Lipofectamine 2000 only, (D) control and (E) PinX1-FAM-siRNA groups.
Table II.
Expression of PinX1 mRNA.
Group A: pEGFP-C3-PinX1 1.599±0.102a
Group B: pEGFP-C3 (transfected empty vectors without PinX1) 1.103±0.160
Group C: Lipofectamine only 1.041±0.129
Group D: Control cells (Eca-109 cultured normally with no intervention) 1.000±0.160
Group E: PinX1-FAM-siRNA (PinX1-targeted with siRNA) 0.303±0.048a
{ label (or @symbol) needed for fn[@id='tfn1-etm-0-0-3561'] } PinX1, Pin 2/TRF 1 interacting protein 1; EGFP, enhanced green fluorescent protein; FAM, PinX1-FAM-siRNA PinX1 gene transfection by small interfering RNA. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (n=3). One-way analysis of variance demonstrated F=39.626, P<0.001. Pair-wise comparison demonstrated
a P<0.001, as compared with Group D.
pEGFP-C3-PinX1 significantly inhibits the proliferation of Eca-109 cells
Two-way ANOVA was used to analyze the proliferation rates of Eca-109 and a significant difference was detected between the groups (F=35.870; P<0.001). SNK analysis demonstrated that OD490 was significantly lower in the pEGFP-C3-PinX1 group (2.15±0.27), as compared with the control group (2.52±0.50; P=0.038), indicating that pEGFP-C3-PinX1 significantly inhibited the proliferation of Eca-109 cells. No significant differences in proliferation were detected between the pEGFP-C3, Lipofectamine and PinX1-FAM-siRNA groups, as compared with the control group cells, which indicated that these three treatments did not alter the proliferation of the Eca-109 cells. Furthermore, the inhibition of proliferation induced by pEGFP-C3-PinX1 was time-dependent between 24 and 48 h (F=437.621; P<0.001), SNK demonstrated the OD490 value increased as the transfection duration increased from 0, 24, 48, 72 to 96 h, indicating that the alteration was time-dependent. Fig. 2 demonstrates the growth curve according to the alterations in OD490 at the various time points, and the inhibition rate of proliferation was calculated. MTT assay demonstrated that pEGFP-C3-PinX1 had a significant inhibitory effect on cell growth, whereas PinX1-FAM-siRNA had no obvious effect on Eca-109.
Inhibition rate of cell growth, as determined by MTT assay.
hTERT mRNA expression
RT-PCR demonstrated that pEGFP-C3-PinX1 decreased the expression levels of hTERT mRNA by 29.9%, whereas no significant difference in the expression of hTERT mRNA was detected between PinX1-FAM-siRNA, which silenced PinX1, and the control group cells (P=0.757; Fig. 3 and Table III).
Expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA was assessed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in the (A) pEGFP-C3-PinX1, (B) pEGFP-C3, (C) Lipofectamine 2000 only, (D) control and (E) PinX1-FAM-siRNA groups.
Table III.
Expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase mRNA.
Group E: PinX1-FAM-siRNA (PinX1-targeted with siRNA) 1.024±0.145b
{ label (or @symbol) needed for fn[@id='tfn3-etm-0-0-3561'] } PinX1, Pin 2/TRF 1 interacting protein 1; EGFP, enhanced green fluorescent protein; FAM, PinX1-FAM-siRNA PinX1 gene transfection by small interfering RNA. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (n=3). One-way analysis of variance demonstrated F=5.608, P=0.012. Pair-wise comparison demonstrated
a P=0.003
b P=0.007, as compared with Group D.
Telomerase activity
Stretch PCR demonstrated that Eca-109 exhibited strong positive telomerase activity, whereas the ECV-304 cells exhibited weak positive activity. Following transfection, pEGFP-C3-PinX1 was able to reduce the telomerase activity of Eca-109 cells, whereas PinX1-FAM-siRNA exhibited no significant influence on the telomerase activity of Eca-109 cells. Following transfection, pEGFP C3 PinX1 was able to reduce the telomerase activity of Eca 109 cells, whereas PinX1 FAM siRNA exhibited no significant influence on the telomerase activity of Eca 109 cells. The difference between these two groups was significantly different (F=59.436; P<0.001; Fig. 4).
Telomerase activity, as assessed by stretch polymerase chain reaction in the (A) pEGFP-C3-PinX1, (B) pEGFP-C3, (C) Lipofectamine 2000 only, (D) control and (E) PinX1-FAM-siRNA groups. ECV-304 cells showed weak positive telomerase activity, whereas Eca-109 exhibited strong positive activity. These findings indicated that pEGFP-C3-PinX1 successfully inhibited telomerase activity, whereas the PinX1-FAM-siRNA, Lipofectamine 2000 only and pEGFP-C3 treatments did not alter telomerase activity.
Eca is a type of malignant neoplasm of esophagus epithelial tissue, which is associated with a high risk (8th in the world) and mortality rate (6th in the world), as 410,000 individuals succumb to the disease each year. Eca is widespread in undeveloped countries and China is a particularly highly Eca-striken area with the highest incidence and mortality rates in the world, accounting for ~210,000 Chinese lives each year. The current therapeutic strategy was not particularly effective and patients were unlikely to live longer than 5 years (1). Therefore, studies in this field have focused on the mechanism underlying Eca and the discovery of molecule-targeted treatment. In the 1990s, in vitro research demonstrated that the proliferation of these cells was due to telomerase activity and one of tumor cells' chief characteristics was infinite proliferation (2). This finding signaled a new era for the study of the mechanisms underlying tumor cell molecules. Since telomerase has become a novel target for anti-tumor treatment, it is important to conduct further research into the control of telomerase and better cultivate its clinical value.
PinX1 is one of various conservative nucleoprotein discovered in human and yeast cells which may affect telomerase. Human PinX1 is located in chromosome 8p23, where the loss of heterozygosity often occurs in various types of cancer. Banik et al (9) analyzed the relationship among PinX1, hTERT and hTR and indicated that PinX1 was directly associated with hTERT and hTR. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the co-work of PinX1 and hTR relied on hTERT, since PinX1 inhibition of telomerase activity was dependent upon the combination of hTERT and hTR. Chen et al (10) discovered that the mechanism of PinX1 was complex; indicating that its fragments worked respectively with Pin2/TRF1 and hTERT, LPTS/PinX1 (254–289) combined with Pin2/RF1, and in vitro LPTS/PinX1 (290–328) exhibited strong inhibition of telomerase activity and was able to shorten the telomerase to induce apoptosis. PinX1 is composed of 328 amino acids (aa), with a hTERT bonding site at both the N- (aa, 1–142) and C-terminals (aa 254–328), whereas the highly expressive PinX1 C fragment was able to greatly decrease telomerase activity, shorten and inhibit the growth of positive telomerase cancer cells, although it could not affect the length of negative telomerase cells (11,12). Therefore, PinX1 is considered to be an effective anti-cancer gene or cancer inhibitor. In some types of cancer, such as stomach and liver cancer, studies have also demonstrated that PinX1 is able to inhibit the telomerase activity of cancer cells and induce their apoptosis (4,5). However, Sun et al (13) discovered that during the differentiation of emergent acute promyelocytic leukemia, the expression of PinX1mRNA was accordant with the telomerase activity, therefore it was concluded that the expression of PinX1 was just a reaction following the expression of hTERT, aimed at maintaining stable telomerase activity. Another hypothesis proposed that in prostatic carcinoma (14), gastrointestinal carcinoma (15) and medulloblastoma (16), the expression of PinX1 had no association with telomerase activity and was not the key inhibiting factor on telomerase activity, rather just one phenomenon of the gene's varied states. Progress has been made in the elucidation of the dynamics of PinX1 function. Yuan et al (17) discovered that PinX1 settles in the nucleus and telomerase and would attach around chromosomes and the outside plate of the kinetochore during mitosis, during which period siRNA could be used to inhibit PinX1 and the chromosome would lose the ability to split correctly. This finding indicated that PinX1 has an important role in mitosis. Furthermore, Li et al (18) have demonstrated that, during the mitotic period, nucleolin aided the transport of PinX1 around the chromosome and enhanced the composition of the middle plate. All these studies suggested that PinX1 functions differently in various types of cancer and thus has different regulations and mechanisms. Until now, there was no unanimous hypothesis about the function of PinX1, and its underlying mechanism requires further investigation.
During the present study, an expression vector (pEGFP-C3-PinX1) and an altered RNA (PinX1-FAM-siRNA) targeted at PinX1 were successfully constructed. Following transfection of Eca-109 cells, RT-PCR was used to detect PinX1 mRNA expression levels. It was demonstrated that pEGFP-C3-PinX1 increased PinX1 mRNA expression by 160%, whereas PinX1-FAM-siRNA decreased PinX1 mRNA expression by 70%, which indicated that the present model of upregulation and silencing of PinX1 expression was successful, facilitating the further study of the function of PinX1 in Eca cells. The results showed that, following pEGFP-C3-PinX1 transfection of the Eca cells, both hTERT mRNA and telomerase activity were significantly inhibited (compared with the untransfected), resulting in the inhibition of the proliferation of Eca-109 cells. Following PinX1-FAM-siRNA silencing of PinX1, the telomerase activity and proliferation of the Eca-109 cells exhibited no alteration, this may be because the inhibiting function of PinX1 was hindered. It is possible that the endogenous PinX1 of Eca cells was very low or completely lacking, therefore even siRNA silencing was unable to have a marked influence on telomerase activity. Similarly, it is possible that the duration that PinX1-FAM-siRNA was able to affect PinX1 was too short (48 h), therefore it was impossible to observe the biological alteration in Eca cells.
In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that the addition of exogenous PinX1 into carcinoma cells inhibited targeted telomerase activity, which indicated that PinX1 was a potential telomerase activity inhibitor. This finding may launch a novel field for treating malignant neoplasms, such as Eca, by gene-targeting.
Parkin DM, Muir CS, Whelan SL, Gao YT, Ferlay J and Powell J: Cancer incidence in five continents. VI. International Agency for Research on Cancer; 1992
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Liao C, Zhao M, Song H, Uchida K, Yokoyama KK and Li T: Identification of the gene for a novel liver related putative tumor suppressor at a high frequency loss of heterozygosity region of chromosome 8p23 in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 32:721–727. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
Sun J, Huang H, Zhu Y, Lan J, Li J, Lai X and Yu J: The expression of telomeric proteins and their probable regulation of telomerase during the differentiation of all-trans-retinoic acid-responsive and -resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Int J Hematol. 82:215–223. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
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Banik SS and Counter CM: Characterization of interactions between PinX1 and human telomerase subunits hTERT and hTR. J Biol Chem. 279:51745–51748. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
Chen G, Da L, Xu Y, Xu M, Song L, Li T and Zhao M: C-terminal amino acids 290-328 of LPTS/PinX1 confer telomerase inhibition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 398:683–689. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
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Sun J, Huang H, Zhu Y, Lan J, Li J, Lai X and Yu J: The expression of telomeric proteins and their probable regulation of telomerase during the differentiation of all-trans-retinoic acid-responsive and resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Int J Hematol. 82:215–223. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
Hawkins GA, Chang BL, Zheng SL, Isaacs SD, Wiley KE, Bleecker ER, Walsh PC, Meyers DA, Xu J and Isaacs WB: Mutational analysis of PINX1 in hereditary prostate cancer. Prostate. 60:298–302. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
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Overbrook School for the Blind offers the opportunity for students over 13 years old to participate in extracurricular sports. Our athletic program is part of the EAAB league (Eastern Athletic Association for the Blind) which competes against other visually impaired schools. Five competitive sports - Swimming, Wrestling, Cheerleading, Goalball, and Track, and Field - are offered, and all of these sports are coached and supervised by certified Teachers of Students with Visual Impairments (TVIs).
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I've been posting each day since I upgraded to a Personal Plan. One looming feeling I've had was my pace in writing. I have prompts, but not all prompts are that good. Plus, I don't want to use up all my good prompts in less than a month. So, I've come up with a schedule to help inspire me to write.
Every Monday, I'll be posting a poem to start off the week. For some reason, Mondays just feel like a good day for something creative.
Tuesday will be for my opinionated posts and prompts. Some Tuesday posts will be reactions to Monday's news. Most of the news comes out on Mondays, so I'll pick one that fancy and react to it.
My love for Japan has no bounds (actually there is), so Thursdays are dedicated for all things Japanese: my progress in studying Japanese, my progress in job hunting as an EFL teacher, news from Japan, music, TV shows maybe, etc.
Friday will be regular blog day. I'll blog about what I did throughout the week and maybe blog about things from the past. Who knows?
Every Saturday, I would wrap up what happened on the website. Saturdays would basically be a weekend roundup of the past week. I'll also see if I was able to finish all the things I set myself to do the Sunday before.
Every Sunday, I'll write about my plans for the coming week. What sort of goals I've set myself. Who I'll meet. What I'll do. That sort of thing.
I hope this schedule will allow me to grow as a writer. Setting restrictions actually challenge people to think outside the box. Speaking of a challenge, I'll try to limit myself to 5 paragraphs at most per website entry. If I can't get the message across in 5 paragraphs, I probably need to work on my writing.
Plus, I won't be following this schedule to a tee since I could get a burst of inspiration and feel like publishing it on that day would be more appropriate.
Good luck at following this schedule.


The Garmin Vivoactive 3 Smartwatch Review – Contactless Payments and Wrist-based Heart Rate.
There is no doubt that Garmin has been a "Big Boy" in producing awesome sporting gadgets in the past. Yet once again Garmin threw in their latest flagship smartwatch, Garmin Vivoactive 3, in a bid to improve the brand's performance in the market. Unlike any of the previous releases from the company, the Garmin Vivoactive 3 seems to have assumed a completely new design with awesome capabilities. This, of course, means that it has taken exercising into a completely new ground.
Now, just about every feature you can think of being in a 21st-century smartwatch will actually be present in Garmin Vivoactive 3.
Is it a GPS tracker? Check that.
Is it a heartbeat sensor? Well, check that too. …wait, I did hear something about "mobile payments", is it present? Sure, check even that one.
But somehow, it doesn't look very sporty like its predecessors (in my opinion). Despite the look though, this smartwatch is really a game changer in sporting as we will see.
In this edition, we basically did cut through the chaff and analyzed the finest details we could about this smartwatch. By using the word "chaff", I mean we will explore "what is" and "what is not" about the Garmin Vivoactive 3 GPS smartwatch. And by the word "basically", I mean we may have to go through about 2000 words together.
Off the box, the watch comes packaged with only the Vivoactive 3 smartwatch, a USB charger/data cable, and a user's manual.
Unlike the earlier fitness-wear that assumed a rectangular shape, Vivoactive 3 actually took a round shape (much like most modern smartwatches). This is the reasons I considered it not very sporty (by looks).
But also, the design serves to help the watch to sell more as the new design looks cute and quite normal with a look that is rather unisexual (allow me to call it so).
Now, if you have used any popular smartwatch, you will admit that it is sometimes hard and slow to get through the process of actually navigating through the menu icons. Samsung sort of added a rotating ring-like bezel in Samsung Gear 2 Smartwatch to reduce that problem. Apple has just ignored that problem. But Garmin's Vivoactive 3 design incorporated a casing that is sensitive to touch and I assure you this really makes the watch extremely easy to use.
Lastly, this watch has a steel casing and a plastic band. This makes this watch extremely friendly and durable as it is not susceptible to either rusting or breaking.
This watch uses a normal USB cable charger and the same for data transfer. One main reason why this watch's battery stands out is the fact that it can last up to 7 days (when in normal mode) or stretch up to 13 hours if used in continuous GPS mode.
Apple Watch 2 smartwatch: Apple spits affluence. This watch has the elegance that is coupled with performance in such a manner that I find it difficult to rank it as a formidable competitor in a Garmin Vivoactive 3 smartwatch review. It has a strong connectivity, a stable GPS, an awesome variety of applications and great memory storage. Nevertheless, this watch costs between $350 and $550 (in some countries), something that is way above most watches of equal performance.
Garmin Vivoactive HR: this is an earlier version of Garmin that focused on fitness (much like Vivoactive 3). Nevertheless, this watch had weaker properties e.g. it had smaller battery duration and poor watch connectivity when compared with Vivoactive 3. It also supported fewer applications than the recent release. Nevertheless, the Vivoactive HR costs just about $200 which is way much of a bargain. So, if you are on a fixed budget, this option will be much better.
A longer battery life: This is perhaps the main reason all fitness-minded people ought to get it. Nobody really enjoys charging watches and watches over and over again. Now, we have all heard of smartwatches that stay 24 – 72 hours once charged. But an offer with 7 days of battery life or rather 13 hours of live GPS (as Vivoactive 3 does) is whole new cattle of fish.
Garmin Pay: Garmin has joined Samsung and Apple in using mobile payments. It is no longer about "swiping a card" anymore. You can just need to wave a watch and go. That sounds cool, doesn't it?
Many fitness games and guides: this watch arrives with 15 preinstalled games and one can easily download additional applications or even compete with nearby devices which actually makes sporting more interesting.
Water resistant: look, you don't even need to get worried should your watch fall over the washing tub anymore. This little boy has got you covered. Though it isn't way too good, it is just good enough to help you while swimming or in such like conditions.
It is light-weight: though the exact weight of the watch is not recorded, the Vivoactive 3 seems to be just light (about 1.6 oz.) enough to be negligible while carrying out the normal exercises.
Easy to use: with a pretty interface and a touch-sensitive ceasing, this watch makes it very easy to navigate, unlike most smartwatches.
High watch compatibility: Now, this little watch is compatible with Android and iOS watch platforms. This means it is usable to more watch users than those that are compatible with only 1 watch platform like most Apple smartwatches.
Poor interface: on analysis, it was clear that about 9 in 10 of all critics of Garmin Vivoactive 3 were focused mainly on the poor image relays and poor graphics portrayed by the device. Certainly, being a smartwatch that focuses mainly on fitness, one may not easily find its applications as attractive as the likes of Apple.
Software incompatibility: there are also complaints that have been raised on the incompatibility of the watch with some of the application that is supposed to run on the device.
Quite costly: it is not that I am trying to be vindictive on Vivoactive 3, but considering what it presents on the table against its competitors, I am somehow skeptical of this watch's high price tag. But I suppose it is just because it is too new. Soon the prices may get to settle.
Battery: though most of the Garmin products have been reported to have a good battery, it was clear that some of the releases have had battery issues and thus one may have to utilize the use of a warranty in such like cases.
In the recent years, smartwatches have really become a battleground for the biggest tech-giants. Willy-nilly, it is not because watches have become a new gadget than phones but rather because the portability of watches has been a driving factor that drives most buyer preferences. Despite that, a few companies have minded considering producing awesome, easy-to-use and cheap sporting/fitness watch like Garmin have done. When considering all the features reviewed above, it was my view that Garmin Vivoactive 3 smartwatch is likely to become a game changer.
A summary of all analyzed online reviews gave this watch a rating of 9.2 out of 10.
This means that just about 9 in every 10 buyers of this watch actually enjoyed using it. Though it may not stay high rated for long in the market (owing to the rapid inventions that keep arising in technology), as at now, Vivoactive watch 3 stands as one of the best fitness watch one ought to try out in 2017 – 2018.
Where can I buy Garmin vivoactive 3?
I recommend buying it from the trustworthy online store, Amazon. Get direct access to the European and US stores by clicking the buttons below.
Garmin is known best for their GPS mappers used in cars and I can see that they've moved up their game drastically.
Design is simplistic and useful and 13 hours of battery seems like a very promising limit for everyone.
Also mobile payment option is pretty cool. Imagine you got thirsty during your running session and just get into the market, swipe your watch and you're good to go. Impressive.
It really has some great features and is ideal for what I am looking for.
I do a little cross-country trekking at the weekend and I would love to know what the stats of my run would be.
I see it has heart rate, calories, steps,distance and all of the important analytics that I would be interested in.
I see the price point range that it retails at, which is what I was thinking it would be approx.
Who knows, I may treat myself after Xmas.
Great information on this fitness watch. Thanks for comparing it to Apple and other fitness watches. I am just starting to look at these and don't know too much yet but your post gives me s great start on educating me as to what to look for and what others are saying. I hope the price goes down a little before Christmas, if so, I may be buying one for myself!
Hi Dave! Comparison is always always very helpful. I hope to do more comparisons in the future. It is an infinite amount of possible ways to compare fitness gadgets, but I have some ideas.


Don Bartelt (QHS Class of 1940) & his wife Bobby celebrated their 60th wedding anniversary on July 27th. They and their family enjoyed a cruise from San Francisco to Alaska and back to San Francisco. A wonderful time was had by all 10 of them!


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Can American film director Ron Howard make a sensitive and accurate biopic of Chinese superstar pianist Lang Lang? Or is it a cultural appropriation that deserves to be condemned?
The self-appointed PC diversity police have struck again.
This is getting silly and tiresome, insulting and embarrassing.
Some advocates of cultural diversity are crying foul over the latest project of the American and Academy Award-winning Hollywood film director Ron Howard: making a biopic of the superstar Chinese classical pianist Lang Lang (below).
The script will be drawn from the pianist's bestselling memoir "Journey of a Thousand Miles" — which has also been recast as an inspirational children's book — and the director and scriptwriters will consult with Lang Lang.
It seems to The Ear a natural collaboration, as well as a surefire box office hit, between two high-achieving entertainers. Check out their bios:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lang_Lang
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron_Howard
But some people are criticizing the project in the belief that because Ron Howard (below) is white and Western, he cannot do justice to someone who is Chinese or to Asian culture.
Here is an essay, found on the website of Classic FM, by one objector. She is Chinese film director Lulu Wang (below), who says she has no interest in doing the project herself: https://www.classicfm.com/artists/lang-lang/pianist-biopic-ron-howard-faces-criticism-lulu-wang/
Talk about misplaced alarm over "cultural appropriation."
Don't you think that Lang Lang will have a lot to say about how he is depicted?
Do you wonder if Wang thinks cultural appropriation works in reverse?
Should we dismiss Lang Lang's interpretations of Bach, Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, Chopin, Schumann, Brahms, Tchaikovsky, Rachmaninoff, Prokofiev and Bartok simply because he is non-Western and Chinese rather than German, French or Russian?
Of course not. They should be taken on their own merits, just as the interpretations of any other Asian classical musician, and artists in general including Ai Weiwei, should be.
But however unfairly, cultural appropriation just doesn't seem to work in reverse.
Mind you, The Ear thinks that cultural appropriation is a valid concept and can indeed sometimes be useful in discussing cross-cultural influences.
But it sure seems that the concept is being applied in an overly broad and even misdirected or ridiculous way, kind of the way that the idea of "micro-aggressions" can be so generously applied that it loses its ability to be truthful and useful.
Take the example of the heterosexual Taiwanese movie director Ang Lee. He certainly proved himself able to depict American culture in "The Ice Storm" and the gay world in "Brokeback Mountain."
Let's be clear. The Ear is a piano fan.
But if he objects to the project, it is because he doesn't like Lang Lang's flamboyant playing, his Liberace-like performance manners and showmanship, and his exaggerated facial expressions.
Yet there is no denying the human appeal of his story. He rose from a young and suicidal piano student (below) who was emotionally abused by his ambitious father – shades of the lives of young Mozart and Beethoven and probably many other prodigies – to become the best known, most frequently booked and highest paid classical pianist in the world.
Yet not for nothing did some critics baptize him with the nickname Bang Bang.
Still, the Curtis Institute graduate does all he can to foster music education, especially among the young and the poor.
And there is simply no denying his virtuosity. (See Lang Lang playing Liszt's Paganini etude "La Campanella" in the YouTube video at the bottom.)
So there is plenty to object to about Lang Lang the Piano Star besides the ethnicity of Ron Howard, who also did a biopic of opera superstar Luciano Pavarotti, in telling his story.
Is it culturally all right for Ron Howard to direct a film about Lang Lang?
Do you look forward to the movie and seeing it?
What do you think of Lang Lang as a pianist and a celebrity?
Tags: #AcademyAward, #AGermanRequiem, #AiWeiwei, #All-Russian, #AmericanCulture, #AngLee, #ArtsandEntertainment, #AsianCulture, #BangBang, #BelaBartok, #BlogPost, #BlogPosting, #BrokebackMountain, #Children'sBook, #ChinesePianist, #ClassicalPianist, #ClassicFM, #ConcertPianist, #CulturalAppropriation, #CulturalDiversity, #CurtisInstitute, #EmotionalAbuse, #FacebookPost, #FacebookPosting, #FilmDirector, #FranzJosephHaydn, #FranzLiszt, #FranzSchubert, #FredericChopin, #HighAchieving, #HumanAppeal, #IceStorm, #JacobStockinger, #JohannesBrahms, #JohannSebastianBach, #LangLang, #LGBTQrights, #LGBTRights, #LookForward, #LucianoPavarotti, #LudwigVanBeethoven, #LuluWang, #MusicalInterpretation, #MusicCritic, #MusicEducation, #NiccoloPaganini, #PeterIlyichTchaikovsky, #PhysicalAbuse, #PianoConcerto, #PianoStudent, #PoliticallyCorrect, #PopularSuccess, #RobertSchumann, #RonHoward, #SergeiProkofiev, #SergeiRachmaninoff, #SergeiRachmaninov, #SmashHit, #TaipeiTaiwan, #TheEar, #TheIceStorm, #ThePolice, #VirtuosoPianist, #WesternCulture, #Wikipediabiography, #WolfgangAmadeusMozart, #YouTubevideo, ability, abuse, abused, Academy Award, accurate, advocate, Ai Weiwei, alarm, ambitious, American, Ang Lee, appeal, applied, artists, Arts, Arts and Entertainment, Asia, asian, Asian culture, audience, autobiographical, autobiography, award, award-winning, Bach, bad, Bang Bang, baptize, Bartok, Béla Bartók, Beethoven, bestselling, bio, biography, biopic, blog, Book, booked, box office, Brahms, broad, Brokeback Mountain, Business, celebrity, children's book, China, Chinese, Chopin, Classic FM, Classical music, classical pianist, collaboration, composer, concept, Concert, concerto, condemn, criticize, criticizing, critics, cross-cultural, Cry, cultural, cultural appropriation, Curtis Institute, Curtis Institute of Music, deny, depicted, depiction, deserve, discuss, diversity, do, draw, embarrassing, emotion, emotional abuse, emotionally, entertain, entertaining, Entertainment, essay, ethnic, etude, exaggerate, exaggerated, example, expression, extreme, Facebook, facial, fan, fanatic, father, film director, flamboyance, flamboyant, forward, foster, foul, France, Franz Joseph Haydn, Franz Liszt, Franz Schubert, Frédéric Chopin, gay, generously, German, Germany, graduate, Haydn, hear, herself, heterosexual, high achieving, highest, Hollywood, homosexual, human, human appeal, ice, ice storm, insulting, interest, interpretation, Jacob Stockinger, Johann Sebastian Bach, Johannes Brahms, journey, justice, Lang Lang, LGBT, LGBTQ, Liberace, life, like, link, Liszt, lives, look forward, Luciano Pavarotti, Ludwig van Beethoven, Lulu Wang, manner, market, memoir, merit, micro-aggression, miles, misdirected, misplaced, movie, Mozart, Music, music critic, Music education, natural, nature, Niccolo Paganini, nickname, non-Western, object, objects, opera, Orchestra, overly, Paganini, paid, Pavarotti, PC, People, performance, Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky, physical abuse, Pianist, Piano, piano student, pic, playing, police, politically correct, poor, popular, post, posting, prodigies, prodigy, profit, profitable, project, Prokofiev, Rachmaninoff, Rachmaninov, recast, reverse, ridiculous, rise, Robert Schumann, Ron Howard, Russian, say, Schubert, Schumann, script, scriptwriter, see, seem, self-appointed, sensitive, Sergei Prokofiev, Sergei Rachmaninoff, Sergei Rachmaninov, shades, share, showman, showmanship, silly, smash hit, Sojourner Truth, Sonata, storm, Student, suicidal, superstar, surefire, symphony, tag, Taiwan, Taiwanese, Tchaikovsky, The Ear, The Ice Storm, think, thousand, tiresome, truthful, unfair, United States, use, useful, virtuosity, want, Western, white, Wikipedia, Wisconsin, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, wonder, work, world, young, YouTube
Classical music: The Bach Dancing and Dynamite Society again brings its surefire summery approach to serious classical chamber music when it starts its 28th annual series this weekend
IF YOU LIKE A CERTAIN BLOG POST, PLEASE SPREAD THE WORD. FORWARD A LINK TO IT OR, SHARE IT or TAG IT (not just "Like" it) ON FACEBOOK. Performers can use the extra exposure to draw potential audience members to an event.
It's not just the calendar that makes the Bach Dancing and Dynamite Society the official start of the increasingly busy summer classical musical season in Madison.
The real reason is that the summer chamber music series, about to start its 28th annual summer this Friday night, June 14, is downright summery in its approach.
Say "summer," and you think of lightness, of fun, of playfulness. And those are the very same qualities – along with serious, first-rate performances of great music by outstanding musicians – that BDDS brings to its six programs spread out in 12 concerts over three weekends and three venues during the month of June.
By now both the performers (below, in a photo by Dick Ainsworth for BDDS) and the audiences know that the formula works, however finely tuned or slightly changed it is from one summer to the next.
WHAT'S THE SAME
This year much remains.
There are still door prizes, spoken introductions and stories, mystery guests and a colorful art installation by UW-Madison designer Carolyn Kallenborn.
The titles of the six programs for 12 concerts over three weekends still have groan-inducing puns — "Name Dropping" in the theme for this summer — that are based on the musicians' names like "Founteneau of Youth" after the San Francisco cellist Jean-Michel Fonteneau (below top) and "Quadruple Axel" after the Montreal-based violin virtuoso Axel Strauss (below bottom).
There are still the usual venues: the Playhouse in the Overture Center (below top); the Stoughton Opera House (below middle); and the Hillside Theater at Taliesin, the Frank Lloyd Wright compound in Spring Green.
There are still the many distinguished and accomplished musicians among the many imported guest artists and the many local musicians, including the co-founders and co-artistic directors flutist Stephanie Jutt and pianist Jeffrey Sykes (below). The Ear can't recall ever hearing a bad BDDS performance, even of music he didn't like.
And there is a mix of older well-known and classic repertoire along with newer and neglected composers and works.
But some things are different too.
The first concert this Friday will have a post-concert reception with free champagne and dessert to celebrate the 28th season.
This summer, unlike recent ones, there is no vocal music. All music is instrumental.
At both Stoughton and Spring Green, you can get food. Go to the home website for details.
Especially new and noteworthy is that the Russian virtuoso accordion player Stas Venglevski (below), from Milwaukee, will also perform on programs. Venglevski performs on the bayan, a Russian-style accordion noted for its deep bass sound and range and purity of tone.
Venglevski will be featured in works that range from polkas and heart-on-the-sleeve tangos by Argentinian composer Astor Piazzolla, Cuban composer Ernesto Lecuona and Russian composer Igor Stravinsky; down-and-dirty original works by Russian master Tatyana Sergeyeva and arrangements of favorite pieces by Johann Sebastian Bach and others.
This Wednesday night, June 12, from 7 to 9 p.m., Venglevski and Jutt will perform "Bayan-o-rama" at the Arts and Literature Lab, 2021 Winnebago Street. Tickets are $10 at the door. Refreshments will be served.
Here is a summary of the first weekend:
The elegance, charm, and finesse of French cellist Jean-Michel Fonteneau is displayed in a program called "Fonteneau of Youth."
It includes music written by great composers in their youth, including the ravishing Elegy for cello and piano of French composer Gabriel Fauré; the rhythmically exciting Trio for flute, cello and piano of living American composer Ned Rorem; and the astonishing D'un soir triste (One Sad Evening) and D'un matin de printemps (One Spring Morning), both for piano trio, of 21-year old Lili Boulanger (below), who was the Prix de Rome-winning composer sister of famed teacher Nadia Boulanger and who died very young. (You can hear both pieces by Lili Boulanger in the YouTube video at the bottom.)
The great Franz Joseph Haydn—always the most youthful of composers, even into his late years—is represented by the masterful Piano Trio no. 28 in E major, in honor of BDDS' 28th season.
"Fonteneau of Youth" will be performed at The Playhouse in the Overture Center for the Arts on this Friday, June 14, at 7:30 p.m. A free champagne and dessert reception will be held following the performance to celebrate the 28th season opener. It will also be performed in Spring Green at the Hillside Theater on Sunday, June 16, at 2:30 p.m.
Audience favorite Axel Strauss—not just a virtuoso violinist, but a virtuoso musician and artist of the highest distinction—will brave gravity-defying musical heights in "Quadruple Axel." Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach's Trio Sonata in D minor for violin, flute, cello and piano starts the program on an elegant note. Johannes Brahms' fiery Piano Trio No. 3 in C minor, Op. 101, raises the temperature significantly. And all sorts of hijinks are on display in Maurice Ravel's extraordinary and ravishing Sonata for Violin and Piano.
"Quadruple Axel" will be performed at The Playhouse in the Overture Center for the Arts on Saturday, June 15, at 7:30 p.m. and in Spring Green at the Hillside Theater, Sunday, June 16, at 6:30 p.m.
For more information about the full BDDS season and how to purchase tickets ($43 and $49), go to: https://bachdancing.org
Tags: #AcademicFestivalOverture, #AmericanComposer, #ArgentineanComposer, #ArtisticDirector, #ArtsandLiteratureLaboratory, #AstorPiazzolla, #AudienceFavorite, #AxelStrauss, #BachDancingandDynamiteSociety, #BaroqueMusic, #BlogPost, #BlogPosting, #CarlPhilippEmanuelBach, #CarolynKallenborn, #ChamberMusic, #ChamberMusicians, #Classicalera, #ContemporaryComposers, #ContemporaryMusic, #CPEBach, #Cubancomposer, #DoorPrize, #ErnestoLecuona, #FacebookPost, #FacebookPosting, #FigureSkating, #FrankLloydWright, #FranzJosephHaydn, #Frenchcomposer, #FrenchMusic, #GabrielFaure, #HillsideTheater, #HomeWebsite, #IgorStravinsky, #InstrumentalMusic, #Jean-MichelFonteneau, #JeffreySykes, #JohannesBrahms, #JohannSebastianBach, #LiliBoulanger, #LivingComposer, #MadisonSymphonyOrchestra, #MauriceRavel, #McGillUniversity, #MeadWitterSchoolofMusic, #MilwaukeeWisconsin, #ModernComposers, #ModernMusic, #MontrealCanada, #MysteryGuest, #NadiaBoulanger, #Name-Dropping, #NameDropping, #NedRorem, #NeglectedComposers, #NeglectedRepertoire, #NewMusic, #OvertureCenter, #PianoTrio, #PrixdeRome, #Prize-Winning, #RussianComposer, #SanFrancisco, #SanFranciscoCalifornia, #SanFranciscoTrio, #SpringGreen, #StasVenglevski, #StephanieJutt, #StoughtonOperaHouse, #StoughtonWisconsin, #Taliesincompound, #TatyanaSergeyeva, #ThePlayhouse, #TrioSonata, #UniversityofCalifornia-Berkeley, #UniversityofWisconsin-Madison, #ViolinistVirtuoso, #VirtuosoViolinist, #VocalMusic, #YouTubevideo, accordion, American, annual, Argentina, Argentinean, Argentinian, Art, Artistic director, Arts, Arts and Literature Laboratory, audience, axel, Axel Strauss, Ástor Piazzolla, Bach, Bach Dancing and Dynamite Society, bad, Baroque, Baroque music, bass, bayan, BDDS, blog, busy, calendar, California, Canada, Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, Carolyn Kallenborn, cellist, Cello, Chamber music, champagne, change, charm, classic, Classical era, Classical music, classicalmusic, composer, compound, Concert, contemporary, CPE Bach, Cuba, Cuban, dance, dancing, design, dessert, desserts, different, door prize, Early music, elegance, elegant, Elegy, Ernesto Lecuoña, evening, Facebook, Faure, favorite, festival, figure skating, finesse, first-rate, flute, flutist, food, formula, forward, founder, Frank Lloyd Wright, Franz Joseph Haydn, free, French, fun, Gabriel Fauré, great, groan, guest, heart, Hillside Theater, House, Igor Stravinsky, induce, installation, instrumental, introduction, introductions, Jacob Stockinger, Jean-Michel Fonteneau, Jeffrey Sykes, Johann Sebastian Bach, Johannes Brahms, June, late, lightness, like, Lili Boulanger, link, literature, living, Madison, Madison Symphony Orchestra, Maurice Ravel, McGill University, Mead Witter School of Music, Milwaukee, mix, modern, month, Montreal, morning, Music, Musician, mystery, Nadia Boulanger, name, Ned Rorem, neglected, new, New Music, official, opera, Overture Center, Overture Center for the Arts, performance, performer, Pianist, Piano, Piano Trio, playfulness, polka, Prix de Rome, prize, program, purity, quadruple, qualities, range, recall, reception, refreshment, repertoire, Russian, San Francisco, San Francisco Trio, Season, serious, share, sister, sleeve, Sonata, Sound, spoken, Spring, Spring Green, Spring Green Wisconsin, start, Stas Venglevski, Stephanie Jutt, stories, story, Stoughton, Stoughton Opera House, summer, summery, tag, Taliesin, tango, Tatyana Sergeyeva, Teacher, The Playhouse, theme, ticket, tone, trio, trio sonata, tuned, United States, University of California-Berkeley, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Music, University of Wisconsin–Madison, UW-Madison, venue, Violin, violinist, virtuoso, vocal music, Website, weekend, what, winning, Wisconsin, Wiscosnin, word, works, year, Youth, YouTube
Classical music: A curmudgeon vents his complaints concerning the music scene in Madison, Plus, this Sunday Afternoon the Pro Arte Quartet plays Haydn and Dvorak in a FREE concert at the Chazen Museum of Art that will be streamed live
ALERT: The UW's acclaimed Pro Arte Quartet will perform a FREE concert tomorrow, Sunday, Nov. 5, at 12:30 p.m., at the Chazen Museum of Art in Brittingham Gallery No. 3. The program features the String Quartet in E Major, Op. 53, No 3, by Franz Joseph Haydn and the String Quartet in A Minor, Op. 16, by Antonin Dvorak. The "Sunday Afternoon Live at the Chazen" concert will also be streamed live. Here is a link:
https://www.chazen.wisc.edu/about/news/in-the-news/sunday-afternoon-live-with-pro-arte-quartet-november-5/
Here is an essay by Larry Wells, a guest reviewer and a frequent concertgoer. He writes:
"As I have aged, I have become more of a curmudgeon. (My friends and family will readily attest to this.) It is in that spirit that I address some annoyances I have been experiencing over the past few years while attending musical events in Madison.
"I will start with a recent experience, attending University Opera's performances of "A Kurt Weill Cabaret" at Music Hall (below). The two arms of any seat in the hall have two different numbers. Unless the guest was paying attention as he entered the row, it is unclear which number belongs to which seat. After attending a few shows there, I have figured it out. But I don't believe I have ever been to a performance there when there hasn't been confusion about which seat is which. I have routinely heard people asking others (who are generally equally clueless), and I have routinely seen blocks of people shift over one seat. You would think that someone at a great educational institution could figure out a way to make the seating less baffling.
"An equally annoying phenomenon occurs regularly at Mills Hall, also on campus. I discovered that, for choral concerts particularly, the sound in the balcony is far better than the sound on the main floor. However, the doors of the balcony are often locked and the ushers regularly say that the balcony is not open. Upon making further insistent inquiries, I usually manage to get someone to unlock the balcony, but I wonder why it is felt that unlocking it routinely is such an onerous task.
"I will also mention that, regardless of one's seat location in Mills Hall, it is difficult not to notice that the sound clouds over the stage are in sore need of a dusting and cleaning.
"Stephen Sondheim wrote a wonderfully amusing song for "The Frogs" called "Invocation and Instructions to the Audience." In it the audience is reminded not to talk, cough, fart and so on. (You can hear the piece in the YouTube video at the bottom.)
"At the aforementioned performances in the Music Hall (I went twice), I saw people texting and video recording the performance even though the program has, in very small print, an admonishment not to photograph or film. At a recent choral concert in Mills Hall, texting was rampant during the performance, and there was no mention about turning off cell phones in the program. The bright screens immediately draw the eye away from the stage. I find it extremely distracting.
"At performances given by the UW Dance Department, a loud and forceful announcement at the beginning of each performance instructs the audience to turn off cell phones, no texting, no photos, etc. A similar announcement takes place not only at the beginning of the concert but also at the end of intermissions for performances at Overture Center. I think it is time for the UW Music Department to address the issue in a similar way.
"Another criticism of the way that things are done by the Music Department: Why is it so hard to find out what is being performed at a recital or concert? The Music Department has a good website with a calendar that lists the performances being given on any day, but many times the program is not included in that information. I am disinclined to go to a concert when I don't know what the program is, and I often will go to a performance just to hear one work if it's one I am anxious to hear. Thus, I often have to go roaming around the Music Building looking for posters or sometimes even going to the person sponsoring the performance to ask what the program is. It shouldn't be that hard.
"An issue at Overture Center is whispering. I do not understand how people have lived to the ripe old ages that most of the audience members have and not come to realize that whispering is still audible.
"Two seats away from me at Overture Hall for my symphony subscription is a woman who, at every single performance, starts to cough as soon as the music begins, noisily unzips her purse, reaches in and fumbles around until she finds her cough drop, and then noisily unwraps its cellophane cover. Every time. It is a wonderment to me that she has not discovered that she could unwrap the cough drops in advance and have them at the ready.
"When I subscribed to the San Francisco Symphony, there were bowls of wax paper wrapped cough drops at every entrance. Not a bad idea.
"And then there is the seemingly obligatory standing ovation syndrome that has become a standard feature of every performance in Madison. In the rest of the world a standing ovation is reserved for an extraordinary performance deserving special recognition. Here I think of Pavlov's dog and sheep. The performance ends, one person leaps to his feet (that's the Pavlov part) and everyone else stands (that's the sheep). At the same time the sentiment has been lost, and it all seems rather provincial to me.
"I realize that these are all first-world problems of little importance. They are minor annoyances, but that is what a curmudgeon dwells on. And it feels great to vent."
Do you agree with any of these complaints?
Do you have any major or minor complaints to add?
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Articles | Napier Communications Inc.
As a freelance writer, David Napier has written about everything from international cooperatives in Latin America to professional sports to Indian Residential Schools. His reporting has taken him from the top of the United Nations to the barrios of the Dominican Republic, from the poet Pablo Neruda's houses in Chile to Native reserves in northern Ontario. Napier has been nominated for two National Magazine Awards and received a Canadian Journalism Fellowship (2001-02).
Front page courage - Who expected such journalistic daring from the Anglican Journal?


Do not hurry to judge, because some people secretly exchange items at the last minute.
If you find a player trying to cheat, inform the others around you to ignore the player and report him or her. Help others experience a bad fate before it happens.
When you trade an item, it shows the value of the item, but you're not subject to trading restrictions. You must pay attention to the price of item closely to avoid being cheated by the fair trade.
Be careful of your password, such as a credit card or social security number! Even if it is next to a relative or friend, one action may change your account significantly.
This act of scamming is called "Temptation". Remember that the Wilderness is the only place where the deal is unsafe and you are likely to be killed by players. Depending on your level, you may be killed more or less in the wilderness, so don't go there.
It is possible that they will take you to the Wilderness and kill you. One suggestion is to tell them that you need to go to the bank first and see how they react. If you decide to follow someone else, please be aware of the surroundings. Be aware of where you want to go. If you arrive at a Wilderness Danger sign, don't jump the wall. Stop following the person immediately and keep yourself safe. You should not enter a place where you know another player, including hostile and high-leveled creatures such as the Kalphite Queen and ice warriors.
7. Do not talk to people who say "I've been hacked", "I just got killed" or "I'm poor and need more items"
They're usually lying. It will encourage more begging and cheating on their items.
All in all, these tips are telling you how to avoid being cheated in Runescape, and just for your reference. For more information of Runescape, welcome to visit MmoGah.com. Also if you have requirements in buying rs gold, MmoGah will be your best choice, as it has more than 10 years' gaming industry experience and professional customer services. Don't worry about cheating after making orders.


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The Roads and Transportation Department is responsible for the maintenance and upkeep of the existing public road network. The network also consists of carriageways, margins, footpaths and kerbs.
The department is also responsible for traffic and parking, public lighting and school wardens.
The department's headquarters are based in the Civic Offices, Dungarvan with the District Engineers offices for the Dungarvan/Lismore and the Comeragh Municipal Districts also based there.
The District Engineers office for the Metropolitan area of Waterford is based in the Menapia Building, The Mall, Waterford City. This office also handles all queries relating to traffic and parking for Waterford City, Dungarvan and Tramore.


Canadian singer-songwriter Chantal Kreviazuk is sailing into a November slot on London's concert calendar, while U.S. hip-hopper Ludacris has had to put a summer stop in the Fast & Furious rearview mirror.
A selected check of recent London concert news has Kreviazuk playing the London Music Hall on Nov. 14.
She is returning to her solo career after taking time off to focus on raising her three sons with hubby Raine Maida. Hard Sail, her first album of new material in seven years, is due for release in June.
"You can pre-order my new album Hard Sail on iTunes and you'll receive my two tracks Into Me and All I Got instantly . . . album out June 17," Kreviazuk has told fans on Facebook.
Kreviazuk plays Chatham on Nov. 17.
Meanwhile, Ludacris has commitments to the action flick Fast & Furious/Fast 8 that have taken his July 15 Rock the Park date out of the running, an organizer said Monday.
Grammy-winning Texas hip-hopper Nelly, with such hits as Country Grammar and Dilemma, is on the Harris Park bill instead, the fest organizer confirmed. The switch was made last month.
"Lud has filming for Fast & Furious 8 that weekend. Nelly is playing Ottawa Bluesfest on (July 16) — so (it) was a perfect fit. We have had amazing reaction to the addition of Nelly. Sales are very strong for the first ever Virginfest," Rock the Park concert promoter Brad Jones said via e-mail Monday.
Also on the July 15 bill with Nelly are hip-hoppers Flo Rida and Mac Miller. More acts are still to be named.
Rock the Park 2016 has Gone Country dates on July 13-14 and a rock night on July 16.
The latest Fast & Furious sequel starring Vin Diesel, Charlize Theron and others is set for 2017 release, online sources said.
On the London scene, local heroes are front and centre on June 23 in a downtown event.
Hebert, O'Donnell and Gracious are grads of London secondary schools. Kulmala and Middleton are both Fanshawe grads.
"London's youth will be showcased during a joint venture between the London Music Office, Jack Richardson London Music Awards (JRLMA) and Fanshawe's Dundas Street campus," the London Music office said on Facebook.
Also on the bill are 2016 JRLMA winner Ben Heffernan, Evergreen and Mt. Brydges-tied LifeLine.
What: Selected guide to recent London concert calendar announcements.


The fastest growing sector of the international arms industry is what are referred to as "Riot Control and Public Order Weaponry." One of the world's largest international suppliers of these weapons – Condor – is based in Rio de Janeiro, and has expanded its business by 30% in the last 5 years. Condor supplied many of the weapons deployed in uprisings in Egypt, Turkey and Bahrain, where the products were repeatedly used against protocol and to systematically torture people.
Condor secured itself an exclusive $22 million contract as part of the security budget for the World Cup and provides Brazilian security forces with 27 different categories of "non-lethal" weapons of repression including rubber bullets, tear gas, tasers, light and sound grenades. Condor has an exclusive deal with Brazilian Defense and Security Industries Association: "That means all public defense and security public institutions, such as the Brazilian police, may purchase without a government procurement process," says investigative reporter Bruno Fonseca.
Condor categorizes its products as "non-lethal" despite a growing number of deaths of both protestors and bystanders as reported by the UN. The categorization is important because it allows Condor to circumvent the Chemical Weapons Convention restricting the uses of toxic gases. Often classified as policing equipment, these weapons fall outside of arms sales restrictions and are mostly unregulated, with hundreds of thousands of such weapons being funnelled directly to Brazilian security forces without oversight. It seems that repression is good for business in Brazil.


Is there any known issues/bugs with Experience Editor if we are using Angular with Sitecore 9 ?
We are planning to use Angular as the UI framework for our Sitecore web application. Is it advisable to use Angular as the UI framework with Sitecore 9? Is there any problems(bugs/glitches) with Experience editor if we use angular as front end framework?
Depends on how you use it. Have you looked at Sitecore JSS?
*EDIT*: Just realized we're in the JSS forum. :) The latest JSS tech preview release does support Angular, and includes the Basic App sample in Angular. We're working on porting the Advanced App as well.


text:
Q: Docker compose: getaddrinfo for mariadb failed I'm quite bad at creating docker-compose and I currently have a problem when I try to build a new project.
After the build I can't access my mariadb server within my php app container, I've got this error:

PDO::__construct(): php_network_getaddresses: getaddrinfo for mariadb
failed: Name does not resolve

So I know something is misconfigured but I don't know what, yet. I tried many changes but nothing that worked.
Here is my current docker-compose.yml:
version: "3.8"

networks:
  # used by some services (php) to communicate with other docker-compose.yaml
  censored.com:
    external:
      name: censored.com

services:
  app:
    build:
      context: .
      target: symfony_php
      args:
        - secret=id=composerauth,src=${HOME}/.composer/auth.json
    restart: unless-stopped
    healthcheck:
      interval: 10s
      timeout: 3s
      retries: 3
      start_period: 30s
    environment:
      APP_ENV: dev
      HOST: www.censored.lan
    networks:
      - default
      - censored.com
    volumes:
      - ./:/srv/app:rw,cached
      - ./docker/php/conf.d/symfony.dev.ini:/usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/symfony.ini
      - ${HOME}/.composer/auth.json:/root/.composer/auth.json
      # If you develop on Linux, comment out the following volumes to just use bind-mounted project directory from host
      - ./var/cache:/srv/app/cache:rw
      - ./var/log:/srv/app/logs:rw
    depends_on:
      - mariadb

    extra_hosts:
      - www.censored.lan:127.0.0.1

  nginx:
    build:
        context: .
        target: symfony_nginx
        args:
          - secret=id=composerauth,src=${HOME}/.composer/auth.json
    restart: unless-stopped
    depends_on:
      - app
    environment:
      NGINX_DOMAIN: www.censored.lan
    ports:
      - 8001:80
    volumes:
      - ./docker/nginx/templates/dev.conf.template:/etc/nginx/templates/default.conf.template:ro
      - ./docker/nginx/rules/rules.dev.conf:/etc/nginx/rules.conf:ro
      - ./public:/srv/app/public:ro
      - ./src:/srv/app/src:ro

  mariadb:
    image: mariadb:10.7
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: changeme
      MYSQL_DATABASE: database
      MYSQL_USER: user
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: changeme
    networks:
      - default
      - censored.com
    ports:
      - '3307:3306'
    restart: on-failure
    volumes:
      - db_data:/var/lib/mysql

volumes:
  db_data: {}

Can someone help me to fix the issue please?
Thanks !

A: The problem wasn't related to my docker-compose configuration file.
My app is a PHP Symfony app and it was doing a "cache:clear" after the initial "composer install" during the build. The "cache:clear" was triggering calls to the database which wasn't ready yet.
To solve this I just had to set my mariadb version to my "DATABASE_URL" parameter in my Symfony app, to avoid useless database queries.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Rumors of new, smaller 7.85" iPad intensify
04 Jul 2012 | Rasmus Larsen |
Before Apple launched iPad 3 it was reported that they were also working on a 7.85-inch iPad. The rumor is now intensifying. FlatpanelsHD takes a closer look at the rumor of a smaller display.
Smaller 7.85" iPad coming?
iPad 1 and iPad 2 were introduced with 1024x768 pixel resolution. The latest edition of the iPad quadrupled the pixel count and reached 2048x1536 pixels. However, the format (4:3) and the screen size (9.7 inches) has remained constant. That could change later this year.
Will Apple release an iPad Mini later this year?
The rumor of a smaller iPad has flourished for some time, and yesterday Bloomberg reiterated that a smaller iPad will be out before the end of 2012. One claim that has been repeated numerous times is that it will hold a 7.85 inch display, based on IPS LCD technology and a resolution of 1024x768 pixels.
The three elements would make sense when compared to the previous and current iPad versions. The resolution is the same as in the iPad 1 and iPad 2 and half of that in the iPad 3. This will allow apps to run without requiring developers to make any changes.
The smaller screen is said to measure 7.85 inches, which corresponds to a screen diagonal of approximately 20 centimeters. For comparison the screen in the smaller iPad would then compare to the current iPad if you measure from the upper left corner to the bottom of the rightmost row of apps (when the iPad used in landscape mode). The pictures generated by the Apple community here should also give you a hint.
But if the rumors are true, how will you experience the smaller screen? It can best be described as a being somewhere in between of the iPad 2 and the iPad 3. The format (4:3) is left unchanged, and if the IPS rumor is true, it will also feature the same color, contrast and response time characteristics. Pixel density – or detailing – would be 163 ppi and therefore higher than on iPad 1 and 2 (with a pixel density of 132 ppi) but not on par with iPad 3 (with a pixel density of 264 ppi). And thus, it will not qualify for Apple's Retina category.
We now have some numbers on the table, so it is obviously interesting to see if it is even possible. We hear from our sources that several display manufacturers are in the race for production contracts, including LG, Sharp and AU Optronics. Surprisingly, Samsung has not been mentioned but that does not necessarily exclude them.
If the IPS technology is utilized, LG will undoubtedly be amongst the manufacturers since they own the IPS technology. However, it can also be produced under license at other factories (or as a variant not covered by LG's patents), and it seems that Sharp will have an increased role in the production plans (this is obviously hard to confirm since the manufacturers refuse to share such details). We were unable to find any 7.85 inch screens in LG.Display's screen overview but the screens found in Apple's iPhones or iPads are not there either so that does not say much.
When it comes to the technological aspects there are no real challenges. An IPS screen of this size and with the 1024x768 pixel resolution is easily produced today. Google's Nexus 7, for example, has a very similar display panel.
The main question remains. What would a new, smaller iPad bring to the table that the current does not already offer? Price cannot be the decisive factor. We hear talk about it being positioned for other segments, in particular the mobile gaming segment and the education segment. We also hear chatter about it being a piece of Apple's HDTV plans where it would serve as a kind of remote control / game controller with AirPlay.
What do you think? Share your opinion in the comments below.
Warner Bros, Universal reveal their first HDR10+ UHD Blu-ray discs
JBL launches first Android TV soundbar
65-inch now 'TV size of choice' in North America
AMD Link brings PC game streaming to Apple TV, Android TV
Hulu is streaming in 4K again
Bang & Olufsen soundbar in the works
Which tv should I choose to buy?
Which tv should I choose to b
What the best OLED TV ever?
LG 65SM9000 review (55SM9000, 75SM9000)
LG 65SM9000 review (55SM9000,
Samsung's plans for OLED TVs
LG OLED65C9 review (OLED55C9, OLED77C9)
LG OLED65C9 review (OLED55C9,
8K TVs Top TV Line-ups for a Reason
8K TVs Top TV Line-ups for a
Calibration of Samsung Q7FN
Eizo RadiForce 56"
LG 77" C9 or Sony 65" A9F
LG 77" C9 or Sony 65&quo
Samsung Smart TV App
LG 2019 OLED pre-order prices (?)
LG 2019 OLED pre-order prices
Netflix audio.
Go to latest sujects
The discs will also include HDR10 and Dolby Vision versions
The first soundbar with Google's Android TV platform built-in
Prices for 65 and 75" TVs are expected to drop further.
Like Steam Link, AMD Link enables PC users to stream games to other devices
Supported on Apple TV 4K and Chromecast Ultra.
A B&O soundbar that can be connected to TVs from other brands
Warner's Netflix rival named HBO Max, launching spring 2020
Will include all episodes of Friends & The Fresh Prince of Bel Air
Amazon Prime Video launches on Chromecast, YouTube back on Fire TV
Amazon and Google make amends


To use the economic calendar you first need to select your current time zone from the 'Adjust Timezone' drop down and select submit to confirm the change.
A list of all upcoming news releases is displayed in chronological order. The degree of expected influence they will have on the market is signified by the number of red bulls heads next to the release, with three being of the greatest significance.
Clicking on the '+' symbol the right of each entry opens up a box containing further information about the event.
The list of events can be filtered by both date, currency pair and importance by using the selectors at the top right of the screen.


Copyright © 2010 Barbara D. Abbott et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
In the above-mentioned paper, the expression of PPARγ was incorrectly determined based on the quantification of a 50 kD band on the Western blots. This band aligned with what was believed to be a positive control band in the U937 whole cell extract, a control reagent recommended by the supplier of the primary antibody, SC-7196 (Santa Cruz Biotechnologies, Santa Cruz, CA). Based on recent information described by Foreman et al. , it is clear that this band is not PPARγ but was a nonspecific immunoreactive protein detected by SC-7196. This nonspecific protein was abundantly detected by SC-7196 in U937 and COS-1 cells as well as across all human fetal protein samples. Immunoprecipitation of COS-1 cell lysate using agarose-conjugated SC-7196 resulted in a single band on a Coomassie Blue-stained gel. This band was subjected to digestion, peptide extraction, and sequence analysis using MALDI-MSMS, and the protein was identified as cytoplasmic actin with a decisive score (human SwissProt database, 60% protein coverage using the 15 highest scoring peptide groups and two lower scoring but acceptable peptides).
A specific band for PPARγ, (calculated molecular weight for human PPARγ1 = 54.55 kD) was identified on our Western blots by performing new experiments in which in vitro translated human PPARγ1 (provided by J. Peters, Pennsylvania State University) was compared with human fetal tissue lysates (Figure 1). These experiments also included COS-1 cell lysate as a negative control and U937 cell lysate. The Western blots of the fetal tissues were all reanalyzed using the ~55 kD band that aligned with the in vitro translated human PPARγ1. Based on this reanalysis, the expression of PPARγ protein shown in (c) of Figures 1–9 are replaced by Figure 2. The data summary described in Table 1 of the above-mentioned paper regarding the change in PPARγ protein expression with fetal age is replaced by Table 1.
Figure 1: Western blot showing the comparison of banding patterns in COS-1 cell lysate, U937 cell lysate, in vitro translated human PPARγ1, and tissue lysate from human fetal stomach samples. The ~55 kD band of human PPARγ1 and corresponding band in stomach tissue lysate is marked with an asterisk (*). The nonspecific, cytoplasmic actin band is marked with an arrow.
Figure 2: PPARγ protein expression is shown across the fetal age range for each tissue. Western blot density normalized to glyceraldehyde-3-phophate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). If only one sample was available for a particular age, then an error term could not be calculated and no SEM bar is shown. Regression analysis evaluated change with age. Dashed lines are the 95% confidence interval.
The authors regret this unexpected error. The clarification of the recognition patterns of this primary antibody should be of value to investigators interested in detecting PPARγ protein.


text:
Sodexo and Harvard's T.H. Chan School of Public Health Win Federal Grant to Study the Health of Front-Line Employees
The four-year grant from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health will study the connection between the workplace and health outcomes.
GAITHERSBURG, Md., Jan. 10, 2016 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- Sodexo, world leader in Quality of Life services, the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and the Center for Work, Health and Wellbeing at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health announce a new four-year grant aimed at finding new approaches to address the many ways that the workplace can affect health and safety of front-line employees. The more than $2.7 million grant ,funded by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) as part of the Total Worker Health® (TWH) initiative. The Center has an international purview as well in Brazil and Chile by providing technical assistance to build organizational capacity for designing, implementing, and evaluating Total Worker Health approaches.
The research will examine Sodexo's front-line service workers across the Boston area. This work is based on a growing body of evidence linking the work environment with health outcomes. For example, stressful conditions at work such as long hours and little supervisor support have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and depression, and shift work with increased risk of sleep disorders, obesity, and injury. These factors in turn contribute to increased absences and turnover—and increased costs for employers.
"Of our 450,000 employees worldwide, 315,000 are employed in the food service sector. Sodexo wants to better understand the health and environmental challenges that those employees face on a day-to-day basis," said Dr. Rachel Permuth, Ph.D., global vice president of research, Sodexo. "We hope to use the findings from this research to make industry recommendations and changes that will improve not only our employees' quality of life, but that of a broad spectrum of employees throughout the industry."
The Center for Work, Health and Wellbeing aims to protect and promote the safety, health, and well-being of workers through integrated worksite policies, programs, and practices that foster a safe and healthy work organization and environment and promote safe and healthy behaviors. The Center will work with Sodexo to expand the evidence on worker well-being and share industry recommendations.
"The collaboration with Sodexo provides an excellent opportunity to explore and understand the ways in which improvements in organizational policies and practices can benefit workers' safety and health," says Glorian Sorensen, Ph.D., director, Harvard T.H. Chan Center for Work, Health and Wellbeing at Harvard Chan School of Public Health.
The first year of the grant will focus on identifying factors in the work organization that can be feasibly modified through changes in management and organizational practices. The subsequent years will be the implementation and evaluation of practices to improve worker quality of life based on employee feedback, Sodexo policy, and the known evidence-based for improving health in this population.
Sodexo delivers more than 100 services across North America that enhance organizational performance, contribute to local communities and improve quality of life. The Fortune Global 500 company is a leader in delivering sustainable, integrated facilities management and foodservice operations.
Learn more about Sodexo at its corporate blog, Sodexo Insights.
SOURCE Sodexo
http://www.sodexoUSA.com


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Larry Krupski, owner of Jacobs Hardware in Toronto, has been working at the store since 1985. Jacobs has been in business since 1924.
Because when it comes to hardware stores, selection and service still mean something.
We all know the requiem for retail in the 21st century. The big-box megastores killed off the mom-and-pops. Amazon and e-commerce crushed brick-and-mortar. By the time the Great Recession hit, traditional retail was already toast — and the drop in consumer spending that came with the crisis burned it to a crisp.
Amid the general doom and gloom, though, there's a particular industry segment that stands apart. Independent home-improvement retailers — a broad class that includes more than 35,000 hardware stores, lumberyards, garden supply centers and paint shops that make up 50 percent of the market — didn't just survive the category-killing, market-disrupting, store-shuttering trio of challenges. By customizing product offerings to local needs and personalizing customer service, these plucky retailers are solidifying their status as a crucial component of a healthy Main Street economy.
That's the joy of it for me — being able to help my customer's day be better.
Inside Harrison Brothers Hardware in Huntsville, Alabama.
If there's one thing that might slow the mom-and-pop momentum, it's succession. According to Tratensek, the average store owner in the industry is approaching 60. The business isn't easy, though, and it's hardly glamorous. That makes it difficult for older store owners to find someone to replace them. "It's a tragedy when you see a well-run operation that's forced to close its doors because there's no one to take over the business," says Tratensek.


text:
MLB sets a new revenue record, topping $10.8 billion for 2022
Major League Baseball achieved financial success in 2022, propelling itself to a new record for … [+] Revenues. (Photo by Steve Chambers/Getty Images)
Major League Baseball has achieved financial success in 2022, propelling itself to a new revenue record.
After two years of revenue being negatively affected by the pandemic, the baseball business has rebounded from the pandemic faster than a ball off the Green Monster at Fenway Park.
Before any expenses, MLB saw revenues between $10.8 and $10.9 billion, a new record confirmed by the league. The increase outweighs Previously recorded in 2019 amounted to $ 10.7 billion.
As of publication, net revenue — the most important metric for showing available revenue after expenses — has not been provided. The total revenue figure was provided by sources who spoke on condition of anonymity due to the sensitive nature of financial information within MLB that is privately owned.
This number is significant because it shows MLB emerging from the pandemic faster than expected, and the work by the business arm of the league to grow existing and new revenue streams, all while doing so in a year in which the season was shortened by one month due to a 99-day shutdown by The owners as part of a labor dispute with the players over a new collective bargaining agreement.
After it rained out in Game 3 of the 2022 World Series, Commissioner Rob Manfred met with the media And as part of it he said That total revenue will be less than $11 billion. With the final figures, Manfred's comments prove correct.
The league's ability to increase revenue two years into the pandemic is due in part to the timing around national media rights that expire in 2021, opening the door for renewals from its three broadcast partners.
2022 season The first year marked the renewal of national media rights with FOX, TBS, and ESPN. All told, the three are worth $1.76 billion annually, nearly $250 million per season more than previous agreements.
While ESPN's revenues were down $150 million annually with the new agreement, the league was able to fill the gap with new broadcast deals. On top of national TV media rights, MLB has signed deals with Apple
and NBC for broadcasting up to $115 million annually.
While media rights remain MLB's largest revenue segment, sponsorship agreements will play an important role in Major League Baseball's financial health in 2022. According to a report by IEGThe league generated total sponsorship revenue of $1.19 billion in 2022, marking a 5.6% increase from 2021 when the league began playing the season with capacity-limited stadiums due to the effects of the pandemic. The largest business sectors partnered with the league included beer, insurance, technology, automotive, telecommunications, apparel, betting/lottery/gaming, non-alcoholic beverages, mortgage, brokerage, and wine and spirits.
The increase in total revenue is staggering because it comes at a time when game attendance continues to drop. While attendance jumped 42.3% compared to 2021 when the start of the season saw most ballparks no more than 20%, The 2022 regular season is down nearly 6% compared to 2019Last season, before the pandemic. Major League Baseball has seen attendance decline for nine consecutive seasons when 2020 is taken out of the mix. Since the last increase (+1.97% from 2011 to 2012) the league's attendance has fallen by 14%.
While gross revenue is a measure of how much money is flowing into a league, for purposes of how it relates to MLB player salaries, it is an invalid metric. Expenses are not calculated.
While I was unable to obtain 2019-2022 data, financial information provided by MLB and confirmed by MLBPA for the 2006-2018 period, shows industry revenue before player salaries at MLB, Minor League, and amateur levels and the ratio of those salaries to industry revenue for a given year.
Categories MLB Tags baseball action, Baseball is dying, How popular is MLB, Major League Baseball, MLB, MLB revenue, MLBPA, Rob Manfred Post navigation
Rangers aren't helping themselves by tying up Philip Chittell
The Cavs' Donovan Mitchell made a 46-run home run for Utah, but the Jazz are rallying