Childproofing furniture is an important step toward keeping your children safe and preserving your housewares. Childproof your windows to prevent your children from escaping, cutting themselves on broken glass or tragically falling from the opening.
Some of the most useful childproof products on the market today are corner and edge bumpers. These items help protect crawling babies and wobbly young children from the sharp corners of tables, fireplaces and other common household items.
Another risk regarding furniture and children is tipping. Secure unstable furniture to the wall with tethers. Many pieces of furniture could easily topple if drawers are pulled out and a child is climbing.
Televisions and other heavy appliances should sit on a strong stand, rest on the ground or be securely tethered to a wall. Keep furniture away from railings, windows or other hazards where a child could fall.
You may want to protect your furniture from your children. Aim for upholstery with higher thread counts because the weave is tighter and more durable. Consider using washable slipcovers on your furniture, particularly if they are light colored. Slipcovers can extend the life of your furniture and they are far easier to clean.
Windows can pose many dangers. They are a way for a child to get outside without your knowledge, a sharp hazard when broken and a means for your child to fall. These accidents can be avoided if you carefully childproof your windows.
Purchase a childproof latch to secure windows within your child's reach. This will ensure that the windows do not open more than four inches. Latches are available for traditional windows, sliding glass doors and closets. Be careful to not install a window guard or gate, more extreme forms of protection, on windows that are needed as emergency exits.
Make sure to keep heavy or hard objects out of the reach of children. Fireplace tools and other home items can break a window with just a light tap, particularly if the windows are older, single-pane models.
When children and guns share a home, most parents exercise the utmost caution to keep the two completely separate. Equal attention must be given to other safety measures around the home, like furniture and window dangers.


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Jordan Lytle, Senior Consultant
Jordan Lytle, now based in Seattle, encountered Akustiks while they were involved with the renovation of Ithaca College's theater facilities in 2008. His interest in and aptitude for electro acoustics led to considerable experience while still in college. He mixed and designed several productions and was an assistant to the sound design professor, Don Tindall. Since then he has gained additional experience in video design through classes and seminars.
Aside from designing, Jordan has experience in live theatre mixing and engineering of large-scale musicals, concerts, and plays along with religious productions and conferences. He has also been involved in live audio and video streaming services for the arts.
Jordan is proud to be involved with Bette Midler's Stages for Success foundation that upgrades public high school auditoriums around New York City. He provides the audio and video design as well as programming and training for the teachers and students.
Jordan hails from Wichita, Kansas where he first got his start in this industry by repairing his family's broken television at the age of 9. Since then he has spent most of his life taking apart everything he has ever owned to discover how it works. During the 5th grade, he started providing sound for his local church children's choir. This interest steered him towards a career in the technical arts.
Outside of work, Jordan tries to keep up his drumming chops, explores places with his camera, but spends most of his time with his fellow juror turned wife, Zoë, their son Ansel and daughter Fia. He is excited to see where his work at Akustiks takes him next.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Joan is almost always wearing a nice, button up blouse and dark colored skirt with heels. She mainly dresses this way for her career, but the style has definitely made its way into her every day life. She'll wear business casual outfits. Even in high school, her classmates would tell her that her fashion style always made her seem like an adult with some important job. She also really likes to wear ties with her outfits.
Joan Woodward was born in Lebeaux to a wealthy family. Her parents both worked for different businesses and were able to get a very good income - much like everyone else who lived in the town. They were both very expecting people who always wanted the best and nothing less. This shown through by the way they treated their eldest daughter, Joan. Before she even began school, they taught her many of the things she would have learned in kindergarten. After having different tutors for different subjects, she was able to school the ninth grade and go right to tenth. She could have skipped to her junior year of high school, but Joan decided against it. She continued working hard in school, always having to deal with her parents high expectations.
Her high school career wasn't much fun. She skipped a grade and ended up losing a majority of her friends due to no longer having any classes with them. Plus, she was taking advanced classes to make herself look good for college. Along with that, Joan was also involved with many different academic clubs in her school. She was also in the student council for most of her high school career. Her senior year, she was even voted Student Body President. She never really wanted the role, but her parents and teachers always expected it of her, and would always convince her that it was in her best interests. She never saw it that way, but she continued on with them, always letting them tell her what she wanted. All throughout high school, Joan was always completely stressed. She had all these extracurriculars for clubs and sports and to top it all off, she also had to deal with her homework. It seemed she never really had time to be herself or have healthy relationships with people her own age. By her senior year, Joan had tons of friends, but none she could actually call a best friend.
As expected, Joan was accepted into Lebeaux University, which came as a surprise to no one. Everyone suggested she study business or even politics, but Joan had other plans in mind. She had always wanted to be a teacher, so that's exactly what she decided to do. She ignored her parents for the first time and did what she wanted. She didn't graduate at the top of her class, but she never really wanted to - but she was still in the top ten of her class. After graduating, Joan moved out of Lebeaux and to Miduna Beach, hoping for a nicer, more relaxed life there. She got a teaching job at Miduna Beach High School and was the Government teacher. After a few years of teaching, Joan learned of an open position as the Assistant Principal at Harrington Grammar School. She applied for the job, and was hired for the next school year. She packed her things in her small apartment and moved to Barfield and bought a nice, small house. She's been working at Harrington for one year now and this upcoming school year will be her second year. She loves her job now and hopes to one day be the principal.
Joan has never really been very close to her parents. Growing up, they always seemed to want her to do different activities in school and always expected so much of her. She ended up becoming very stressed due to their harassment. Since graduating high school, she rarely talks to them anymore. She finds their high expectations to be bothersome and annoying, and she's glad they're out of her life. Sure, she'll wish them happy birthday when the days come or celebrate their marriage anniversary and visit them for different holidays, but she isn't very close to them anymore.
Growing up, Joan also had her younger sister by two years, Madeline. The two had never been close since their parents seemed to praise everything Joan did and looked down on Madeline. Madeline was always jealous of Joan's attention from their parents, and the two sisters often argued with each other. When Joan was twenty-four, she learned about her sister being in a car accident and getting killed. It hurts her still that the two were never close and that all they ever did was argue - in fact, their last conversation the day before the accident was when they were yelling at each other and Madeline even admitted to hating Joan.
Joan loves a good mystery novel, and always has one in her purse.
During her free time at her place, she will often sit around watching documentaries.
Joan will never admit it, but she's actually scared of failing at anything. She sometimes acts as if she doesn't care about certain things, but she really does.
Growing up, Joan always wanted a pet dog, but her dad was allergic to dogs and said he would never let her get one. Now that she lives in her own house, she has three dogs.
She has a male black lab named Mustang.
She has a male white lab named Vanilla.
She has a female yorkshire terrier named Butter Cup.


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Late Night Dining Menu
Acquisition Services
Contact ONE88
Pigeon Lane is a multi-function art performance space located on the lower ground floor of Gallery ONE88 Fine Arts in the heart of the Katoomba Street Art Precinct.
Access is available from Katoomba Street ground level or for those requiring mobility friendly access, Beverly Place access point (also known as Street Art graffiti walk). Beverly Place has limited parking and it is advised that parking should be sort on Katoomba Street. Visitors holding an RMS registered disability sticker have access to the ONE88's parking area. Please note that this parking is ONLY for ONE88 patrons that have been issued with an RMS registered disability sticker.
Access needs to be pre-arranged.
Pigeon Lane is an all ages venue however minors must be accompanied by a parent or legal guardian and must remain supervised and do require a ticket for entry. Please also keep in mind that the performance space is a listening room.
Gallery ONE88 Fine Arts, is a multi-story art gallery which house works by artists from the Blue Mountains, Sydney and the East Coast of NSW, as well as artists from Melbourne and Adelaide. With more than 300 works of art from over 80 artists on display, there is something for everyone. From classical to contemporary, abstract to traditional. High quality coffee and cake, roasted and baked locally, is on offer from its café area on the ground floor. Looking for Art – look no further than ONE88 Katoomba Street.
Pigeon Lane @ ONE88
RECENTLY AT PIGEON LANE - THE MAES


During these steamy August days, it seems a film recommendation is appropriate. One of the more thought-provoking pieces on poverty that I've encountered recently is the film, Living on One Dollar. It was the brainchild of two Claremont McKenna College economic majors, who took two film students with them to Guatemala their sophomore summer to try to understand better what 1.1.billion people live daily – subsisting on an average of less than a dollar per person per day.
In a remote Guatemalan village, each day they drew a number from a hat ranging from 0 to 9 and this was the number of dollars they allowed themselves, per person, to try to simulate unpredictable income. They took a loan to pay for a place to live as well as to start their own business planting radishes. They made friends who taught them how to build better fires, get bargains in town, and mix rice, beans, and fat for protein and calories. It was a struggle to save money to throw a good-bye dinner to match the welcome dinner the village had thrown when they first arrived.
The YouTube video they posted when they returned went viral, amassing over 600,000 views. Inspired by the response, the four college friends produced a 56-minute film and took the film on a national tour to 20 major universities, receiving coverage on CBS This Morning with Charlie Rose, and accolades from Nobel Laureate Muhammad Yunus and Director of the Hunger Games, Gary Ross. Look at pieces of their journey on YouTube or, better yet, support their ongoing work by ordering the film at: http://livingonone.org.
Although some would argue that two months does not begin to approximate what it means to live in poverty, I was touched and highly recommend this simple, gritty piece.
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Boston, MA - A Boston police captain's son is likely being prepared for a 20-year prison sentence after allegedly plotting an Islamic State-aligned terror attack on an American college.
The son of a beloved Boston police captain is to be sentenced today, September 5, 2018, in Springfield Federal Court. The man is being sentenced for an attempt to plot a terror attack in support of the Islamic State group. The man's name is Alexander Ciccolo.
Ciccolo pleaded guilty to the terrorism charges this past May. While he pleaded guilty, he also agreed to serve 20 years behind bars as a consequence of his actions. Ciccolo pleaded guilty and accepted his sentence approximately a month before his case was scheduled to go to trial.
Prosecutors claim that Ciccolo was planning to use different weapons to attack New Mexico State University. Of these weapons were assault rifles and explosives.
Alexander Ciccolo's father, Boston Police Captain Robert Ciccolo, could not let the attack happen. The police captain decided to come forward and warn the FBI of his son's plans. According to officials, the police captain did the right thing in going to the FBI with this information, especially considering several peoples' innocent lives were saved in the process.
According to Alexander Ciccolo's lawyers, the man had a very troubling childhood and upbringing. Alexander struggled with several issues, most of which pertained to substance abuse.
As of now, Alexander Ciccolo is being sentenced into Springfield Federal Court. There is no mention of an early release or further court dates as of yet.


The Association of Friends of Prince Michael of Kent Court are holding an open day and warmly invite all Lodges and Chapters within the Province to come along and view the care home and see some of the fantastic work they are doing.
The open day will take place on Sunday, 14 April between 10am and 4pm and refreshments will be included. As well as a guided tour of the home, there will be an introduction to the work of the Association of Friends of PMKC and a presentation of a cheque from the Provincial Grand of Lodge of Hertfordshire; in support of the homes' Orangery Project.
This is an excellent opportunity to find out more about this CQC 'Outstanding'-rated care home. Please click here for more details.
Prince Michael of Kent Court is located on Stratford Road, Watford (WD17 4DH).


Quickly create freeform shapes and surfaces using the new FreeStyle design features in Creo Parametric. Fast, easy, sub-divisional modeling capabilities give you the freedom and flexibility to create simple and complex shapes, yet still deliver high-quality engineering surfaces in breakthrough time. Accelerate concept design and reuse this data in a 3D detailed design process to further save time and increase productivity.
The new Creo Flexible Modeling Extension gives Creo Parametric users more design flexibility and speed. Easily select and edit a range of geometry types, including rounds and patterns. Dramatic edits and moves are recorded as features that can be updated to maintain full design intent. You can edit imported data faster, better accommodate late-stage design changes and streamline de-featuring of design for downstream design processes.
Accelerate adoption and increase design efficiency. Access commands faster with a streamlined, customizable and familiar ribbon interface. State-of-the-art tools such as an intuitive 3D CoPilot, in-graphics toolbar and mini toolbars increase design efficiency. The new embedded command finder makes locating capabilities faster than ever. Faster installation and easy access to adoption aids – including the new LearningConnector, tutorials and Help resources – will get you up to speed faster in no time.
Increase efficiency when working with massive assemblies with faster, smarter retrieval of native or 3rd-party product data by leveraging ProductView technology. Quickly restructure, reorder and rename components in your assembly designs. Understand your assemblies better with new "Track Changes" capabilities that allow you to see exactly what has been changed and modified where in your assemblies as well as with assembly quick search. Streamlined new component placement constraints and CoPilot functionality offer easier, more intuitive commands to accelerate your detailed design process.
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Leverage the 2D conceptual engineering capabilities in Creo Layout to provide a jump-start on your 3D design. This new stand-alone app enables fast creation of detailed 2D conceptual engineering models. You can then accelerate the transition from 2D to 3D design by seamlessly reusing Creo Layout data in your 3D assembly design in Creo Parametric.
You can now perform everyday 3D modeling tasks faster and easier with Creo Parametric. Creo Parametric has many core design productivity enhancements that make it faster than ever to create sketched-based features, as well as many additional improvements such as tapered extrude and streamlined interfaces for curves from equations, tapered extrude, helical sweeps and sweep commands. Enhanced preview, streamlined editing and auto-regeneration enhancements get you designing faster.
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Capture detailed model information faster and easier in a new dedicated 3D annotation environment. Easily create annotations and combined states. You can also set and manage orientations. The improved Annotation Feature UI is easier to use and further increases detailed design productivity.
New rich simulation capabilities make it easier to predict product performance. Enhanced usability and distributed batch processing support help you analyze designs faster. Additional nonlinear structural and thermal analyses, more dynamic analyses and improved meshing give you even more power and speed for verification and validation of designs.


Well this is a poignant day. Today is the start of the new approach to finance in the Toombs house and I'm quite excited. I almost feel a bit stupid having never thought to do this before – and feel a bit like 'Ohhhh…does everyone else do this?? – I've never thought to' …but better late than never… and it just never occured before. From today we are splitting back to using 2 accounts. Not his and hers but fixed bills and living non fixed costs. When money goes in at the beginning of the month it always seems to be such a nice big amount and I feel so much more chilled out and thats when spending can go wrong- I feel like budgets are fine and I'm not as cautious. By the end of the month I'm more aware of making everything stretch as the account is getting low and I've a far more realistic view of how we're doing. But fixed costs are fixed costs so they're always there, they go out on direct debits and basically they just happen to pass through the accounts. So why not clear them out of the way and then I know how much I'm actually living on??!
Our basic bills come to just over a grand. Thats mortgage, council tax, insurances, phones, gas, electric, water etc. So on pay day that amount can stay in and whats left gets transfered over to another account and THAT ONE is for petrol, food, spending, presents, school trips, clubs etc… basically EVERYTHING and ALL cheques need to come out of there. Most importantly when I check that balance I know that is all we have AND that there are no bills due to come out of that – so it should make for better budgetting. So here goes!
I have transferred over the leftovers for this month and am a little wary that we have £317 to live off for the month…and car tax is due in 3 days so thats 1/3 gone already! Looks a little frightening to be honest – but then I know that that amount is always what we have – its just normally hidden at this stage of the month amongst lots of other pennies that are promised to some company! So since its also 4 family birthdays this month too we'll be pushing the weekly shop amount to the very extremes and I'm not going till the cupboards are actually empty!!
Haha the tattoo was Joels saved up spending money AND a voucher for the tattoo place he got from his ex girlfriend before me! Surprised they took it with it being 9 years old – and its a little weird that part of his tattoo is paid for by his ex but we cant afford to have too many standards!


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456 F. 2d 269 - Bustamante v. A Eyman
456 F2d 269 Bustamante v. A Eyman
Pedro Rodriquez BUSTAMANTE, Petitioner-Appellant,
Frank A. EYMAN, Superintendent, Arizona State Prison,
Respondent-Appellee.
Ninth Circuit.
Feb. 7, 1972.
Robert J. Corcoran (argued), LeRoy L. Miller, of Dushoff, Sacks & Corcoran, Phoenix, Ariz., for petitioner-appellant.
Roderic A. Dietz (argued), Gary K. Nelson, Ariz. Atty. Gen., Phoenix, Ariz., for respondent-appellee.
Before DUNIWAY and TRASK, Circuit Judges, and FERGUSON,* District Judge.
FERGUSON, District Judge:
Appellant was convicted of first degree murder by a jury in the Superior Court of Maricopa County, Arizona, and sentenced to life imprisonment. His conviction was affirmed on appeal to the Arizona Supreme Court. State v. Bustamante, 103 Ariz. 551, 447 P.2d 243 (1968). Thereafter, he sought a writ of habeas corpus in the United States District Court for the District of Arizona, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. Sec. 2254. His petition was denied, and this appeal followed.
Upon the filing of the petition, the district court found that "[o]n its face, the petition raises several issues as to the constitutionality of petitioner's confinement". It directed the appellee to file the record of the state court proceedings, including the reporter's transcript of the preliminary hearing, the reporter's transcript of the trial, minute entries of record and photostated instruments of record. The appellee disregarded the district court's order, stating that "it is unnecessary to file such a voluminous addendum". The cause was then heard by the district court, based solely on the allegations of the petition and legal argument.
The petition sets forth nine separate contentions as constituting grounds for the allegation of illegal confinement. The fifth contention was "[p]etitioner was denied his right to be personally present during the rereading of the instructions to the jury". The district court resolved that issue against appellant as follows:
"5. As to petitioner's fifth contention: If this contention constitutes error, this Court concludes that such error was harmless beyond a reasonable doubt. Chapman v. California, 386 U.S. 18 [87 S.Ct. 824, 17 L.Ed.2d 705] (1967)."
It appears from the petition that-
1. When the jury was instructed by the court, the appellant was present, and the instructions were tape recorded.
2. When the cause was submitted to the jury, the appellant was taken from the courthouse to the county jail.
3. After seven hours of deliberation, the jury returned to the courtroom and requested a rereading of the instructions. The appellant was not brought back from jail. A judge different from the one who presided over the trial presided over the proceedings. Appellant was not informed of the court proceedings and did not even know that they had taken place until a year later.
4. The following appears from the clerk's minutes of the proceedings:
"10:30 P.M. Court reconvenes. The Jury has requested that the instructions be played back on the tape recorder.
"State's counsel is present; counsel for Defendant is present and the Jury is present."Judge Melvyn Shelley is presiding.
"Defense counsel waives the presence of the Defendant. The Court approves of said waiver and repuests that instructions be played back to the Jury pursuant to said waiver.
"11:00 P.M. The instructions having been played back, the Jury retires to deliberate further."
5. Shortly after midnight, the appellant was taken from the jail into the courtroom where the jury pronounced its verdict of guilty.
On that record alone, the district court held that the harmless error rule of Chapman applied. Chapman states: "[T]here may be some constitutional errors which in the setting of a particular case are so unimportant and insignificant that they may, consistent with the Federal Constitution, be deemed harmless, not requiring the automatic reversal of the conviction." Chapman v. California, 386 U.S. at 22, 87 S.Ct. at 827. However, the burden of proving harmless error is a heavy one. The state must "prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the error complained of did not contribute to the verdict obtained". 386 U.S. at 24, 87 S.Ct. at 828.
In the setting of this case, the state has not proved that appellant's absence was harmless. All the district court had before it and all this court has, are the allegations in the petition set forth above, and the assertion of the appellee that "[i]t is impossible to comprehend how Bustamante was prejudiced by the replay of the taped instructions in his absence. He was present at the time the court instructed the jury and recorded the instructions. He could then have objected, requested additional instructions, or suggested changes, if any he had. We are living in a day of instant replay. As in the observation of a replay in a televised football game, it may definitely be determined whether the receiving player of a passed football is in bounds or out of bounds or a ball carrier has crossed the goal line for dear old Arizona, so was the jury better able to consider the court's instructions especially after seven hours of deliberation in a jury room."
It is unfortunate that the trial of a capital offense would be categorized like a sporting event. In habeas corpus petitions "it is not a needle we are looking for in these stacks of paper, but the rights of a human being". Schaefer, Federalism and State Criminal Procedure, 70 Harv.L.Rev. 1, 25 (1956). Neither the district court nor this court knows what transpired in the courtroom during the 30 minutes the appellant was absent. The realities of life and the experience of everyone who has tried a lawsuit require the conclusion that statements are made by the court, counsel and jurors beyond what is contained in simple minute entries. The minute order involved here, on its face, shows that such statements were made by the jury, the court and counsel. Arizona was ordered by the district court to provide a complete record of the state trial court proceedings, but chose instead to withhold it.
The basic question is whether a defendant in a capital case has a federal constitutional right to be personally present at all the proceedings in the courtroom. If he does, then the state has not met the burden of proving beyond a reasonable doubt that the error here was harmless.
Rule 231 of the Arizona Rules of Criminal Procedure, 17 A.R.S., provides that in a prosecution for a felony the defendant shall be present at all proceedings before the court when the jury is present. That rule has been interpreted by the Arizona courts not to reach constitutional proportions; a defendant must prove prejudice. State v. Bustamante, supra, and State v. Cufio, 12 Ariz.App. 461, 471 P.2d 763 (1970).
The right of a defendant charged with a felony to be personally present in the courtroom at every stage of his trial conducted there is fundamental to our system of justice. This right was recognized by the Supreme Court many years ago: "A leading principle that pervades the entire law of criminal procedure is that, after indictment found, nothing shall be done in the absence of the prisoner." Lewis v. United States, 146 U.S. 370, 372, 13 S.Ct. 136, 137, 36 L.Ed. 1011 (1892). This principle has been consistently upheld and continually reaffirmed. See Hopt v. Utah, 110 U.S. 574, 4 S.Ct. 202, 28 L.Ed. 262 (1884); Diaz v. United States, 223 U.S. 442, 32 S.Ct. 250, 56 L.Ed. 500 (1912); Illinois v. Allen, 397 U.S. 337, 90 S.Ct. 1057, 25 L.Ed.2d 353 (1970). The rule includes the defendant's right to be present whenever the court communicates with the jury. Shields v. United States, 273 U.S. 583, 47 S.Ct. 478, 71 L.Ed. 787 (1927).
At common law the accused enjoyed a "privilege of presence". Snyder v. Massachusetts, 291 U.S. 97, 54 S.Ct. 330, 78 L.Ed. 674 (1934); 8A J. Moore, Federal Practice, p 43.02. The principle that the defendant was to be present at every stage of the trial was explicitly recognized in Rule 43 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure in 1946. The Advisory Committee Note thereto indicated that this was merely a restatement of existing law, citing Lewis, supra, and Diaz, supra. Similarly, the principle has long been recognized by constitution, statute or rule in most states. Since many of the reported cases rest upon an application of these statutes and rules, it has seldom been necessary to plumb the federal constitutional depths of the principle. Nevertheless, that the principle is embodied in the Constitution of the United States is clear.
In the early case of Hopt v. Utah, supra, the Court said:
"* * * the legislature has deemed it essential to the protection of one whose life or liberty is involved in a prosecution for felony, that he shall be personally present at the trial, that is, at every stage of the trial when his substantial rights may be affected by the proceedings against him. If he be deprived of his life or liberty without being so present, such deprivation would be without that due process of law required by the constitution." 110 U.S. at 579, 4 S.Ct. at 204-205.
In Diaz v. United States, supra, the Court reemphasized the fundamental character of the right. "In cases of felony our courts, with substantial accord, have regarded [the accused's right to be present] as extending to every stage of the trial, inclusive of the empaneling of the jury and the reception of the verdict, and as being scarcely less important to the accused than the right of trial itself." 223 U.S. at 455, 32 S.Ct. at 254.
This rationale went unchallenged until in Shields v. United States, supra, the Court declined to characterize the right as one encompassed within due process, choosing instead to view it as a "rule of orderly conduct of jury trial". 273 U.S. at 588-589, 47 S.Ct. at 479. In Snyder v. Massachusetts, supra, the Court held that the defendant accused of murder had no constitutional right to accompany the jury on a view. The Court stated:
"We assume in aid of the petitioner that in a prosecution for a felony the defendant has the privilege under the Fourteenth Amendment to be present in his own person whenever his presence has a relation, reasonably substantial, to the fullness of his opportunity to defend against the charge. * * * Nowhere in the decisions of this court is there a dictum, and still less a ruling, that the Fourteenth Amendment assures the privilege of presence when presence would be useless, or the benefit but a shadow." 291 U.S. at 105-107, 54 S.Ct. at 332.
The Court summarized its position:
"So far as the Fourteenth Amendment is concerned, the presence of a defendant is a condition of due process to the extent that a fair and just hearing would be thwarted by his absence, and to that extent only." 291 U.S. at 107-108, 54 S.Ct. at 333.
This decision was not unanimous. In a vigorous dissent, four Justices argued:
"Our traditions, the Bills of Rights of our federal and state constitutions, state legislation and the decisions of the courts of the nation and the states, unite in testimony that the privilege of the accused to be present throughout his trial is of the very essence of due process." 291 U.S. at 128-129, 54 S.Ct. at 340-341.
Snyder is clearly distinguishable. First, a complete record of everything that transpired during the jury view was prepared, and the court found as a fact that nothing which was done was prejudicial to the defendant. Here, we are entirely unaware of what happened during the court session. Secondly, Justice Cardozo was careful to set forth in great detail the fact that a view was not any part of a trial in the sense in which a trial was understood at common law. Here, the proceedings during which the appellant was absent occurred in the courtroom at a time when the most fundamental aspects of his trial took place. In Stein v. United States, 313 F.2d 518 (9th Cir. 1962), cert. denied, 373 U.S. 918, 83 S.Ct. 1307, 10 L.Ed.2d 417, reh. denied, 375 U.S. 872, 84 S.Ct. 32, 11 L.Ed.2d 102 (1963), this court refused to extend the right of presence to a conference in chambers. However, there, the record of the conference detailed the absolute lack of any prejudice to the absent defendant; indeed, the trial court during the conference ruled in the defendant's favor.
Recently the Court reaffirmed the rule that the accused's right to be present in the courtroom is of constitutional magnitude. In Illinois v. Allen, 397 U.S. 337, 338, 90 S.Ct. 1057, 1058, 25 L.Ed.2d 353 (1970), the Court emphasized that "[o]ne of the most basic of the rights guaranteed by the Confrontation Clause is the accused's right to be present in the courtroom at every stage of his trial. Lewis v. United States, 146 U.S. 370, [13 S.Ct. 136, 36 L.Ed. 1011] (1892)". (Emphasis added.) Since Allen involved the defendant's absence from the courtroom during a portion of the prosecution's case-in-chief, the defendant's right to confront the witnesses against him was directly involved. The Court's citation to Lewis, however, indicates the broad intent of the holding. In effect, the Court took the opportunity in Allen to reaffirm the principle that "after indictment found, nothing shall be done in the abseence of the prisoner". 146 U.S. at 372, 13 S.Ct. at 137. The combined force of the Court's opinions in Hopt, Lewis and Allen indicates that this principle is founded upon both the Confrontation Clause of the Sixth Amendment and the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Furthermore, the defendant's right to be present during trial is obligatory upon the states. Illinois v. Allen, supra; Pointer v. Texas, 380 U.S. 400, 85 S.Ct. 1065, 13 L.Ed.2d 923 (1965).
It follows that appellant here had a constitutional right to be personally present in the courtroom when the instructions were replayed for the jury. However, it is necessary to determine whether appellant waived this right or whether the attempted waiver by his counsel was effective. To the court's knowledge, the earliest case in which the Supreme Court considered the issue whether an accused could waive his right to be present at trial of a capital case was Hopt v. Utah, supra. The Court held that it was "not within the power" of the accused or his counsel to waive this right, because the right reflected the interests of the public in guaranteeing that life and liberty were not taken without due process of law. 110 U.S. at 579, 4 S.Ct. 202. See also Lewis v. United States, supra. Both Hopt and Lewis were capital cases. In Diaz v. United States, 223 U.S. 442, 32 S.Ct. 250, 56 L.Ed. 500 (1912), the Court formulated the rule as follows:
"[A]n accused who is in custody and one who is charged with a capital offense [is] incapable of waiving the right [to be present at all stages of his trial]; the one, because his presence or absence is not within his own control, and the other because, in addition to being usually in custody, he is deemed to suffer the constraint naturally incident to an apprehension of the awful penalty that would follow conviction." 223 U.S. at 455, 32 S.Ct. at 254.
In Allen, supra, the Court held that a defendant can lose his right to be present at trial if he conducts himself "in a manner so disorderly, disruptive, and disrespectful of the court that his trial cannot be carried on with him in the courtroom". 397 U.S. at 343, 90 S.Ct. at 1060, 1061. This "disruptiveness" exception to the general rule that a defendant in a capital case cannot waive his right to be present at trial does not signal the deterioration of the rule. In Allen, the Court was faced with a defendant determined to disrupt the proceedings and prevent any trial from taking place. Viewing this as a threat to the entire judicial system, the Court was compelled to fashion the narrow and specific exception. There is no indication in the opinion that the Court intended to erode the right of presence in any regard beyond the narrow exception there outlined; indeed, the opinion explicitly reaffirms the fundamental character of this right.
Since appellant was in custody for a capital offense and his absence was not necessitated by disruptive behavior, we hold that he did not, indeed could not, waive his right to be present in the courtroom at trial. Furthermore, there is no evidence that he even attempted to waive this right. He could not voluntarily have waived this right before the tape was replayed, because it appears that he was not even aware of this replay until almost a year later. Neither is there evidence that he attempted to waive this right after he gained knowledge of it.
It the appellant in a capital case could not waive his right to be present at trial except by disruptive conduct, it must certainly follow that whatever attempt counsel made in appellant's absence and without his knowledge to waive this right was without effect. United States v. Crutcher, 405 F.2d 239 (2d Cir. 1968), cert. denied, 394 U.S. 908, 89 S.Ct. 1018, 22 L.Ed.2d 219 (1969); Evans v. United States, 284 F.2d 393 (6th Cir. 1960).
Having determined that appellant was denied a federal constitutional right, the right to be present in the courtroom at every stage of his trial, the next step is to determine whether that error was harmless. Chapman v. California, supra. If the error was harmless, there is no reason to disturb the conviction. If, however, appellant's absence prejudiced his case, weakened his defense, or was otherwise harmful to his interests, a new trial must be held.
It cannot be argued that appellant's absence was per se harmless because his counsel was at all times present to guard his interests. In the first place, whether counsel who attempts without the defendant's knowledge to waive his right to be present can be trusted to protect the defendant's other rights is a dubious assumption.1 More importantly, the presence of counsel is no substitute for the presence of the defendant himself. The right to be present at trial stems in part from the fact that by his physical presence the defendant can hear and see the proceedings, can be seen by the jury, and can participate in the presentation of his rights. But the right also rests upon society's interests in due process. As stated in Hopt, supra, "[t]he public has an interest in [the defendant's] life and liberty. Neither can be lawfully taken except in the mode prescribed by law". 110 U.S. at 579, 4 S.Ct. at 204. The defendant's right to be present at all proceedings of the tribunal which may take his life or liberty is designed to safeguard the public's interest in a fair and orderly judicial system. The presence of counsel alone at trial can never be harmless per se.
We are unable from the record before us to determine whether the error was harmless. We have been told only that a tape recording of the original instructions was replayed in the courtroom in the presence of the jury, a new judge and counsel. The record does not disclose what, if anything, the judge said to the jury, or the contents of any other dialogue which may have transpired. We certainly cannot assume that nothing was said. Nor does the record show whether the tape recording was a full, complete and accurate recording of the original instructions, whether the jury could hear it, or even whether all members of the jury were present. These are crucial questions which must be answered.
We, therefore, reverse and remand to the district court for further proceedings. At that time the district court may wish to examine the other allegations of the habeas corpus petition, in accordance with the procedures mandated in Selz v. California, 423 F.2d 702 (9 Cir. 1970).
DUNIWAY, Circuit Judge (concurring):
I concur. The holding in this case is a narrow one. As I understand Judge Ferguson's opinion, it does two things. The first is to hold that, as a matter of federal constitutional law, a defendant in a state trial for a capital offense has a right to be present at every stage of the trial. I do not understand Judge Trask to dispute this proposition. Second, Judge Ferguson holds that without a record of what happened when the tape recording of the jury instructions was played back to the jury in the absence of the defendant, it is not possible to say that the error was harmless beyond a reasonable doubt. If the District Judge, on remand, gets a record of what happened at the proceeding in question, it will still be open to him, on the basis of that record, to decide whether the error was harmless beyond a reasonable doubt. We merely hold that the court could not make that determination without a complete record.
I find it difficult to accept Judge Trask's statement that there is nothing to indicate that the record here is not complete. All that the court had before it was the Clerk's minutes, which do not purport to be a transcript. The District Court had asked for and the state had refused to provide a reporter's transcript of what was said and done. I see nothing startling in requiring that the record be produced for evaluation on the harmless error question by the District Judge.
TRASK, Circuit Judge (dissenting):
I would hold that the replay of a tape of electronically recorded instructions in the absence of the defendant, was not error of constitutional dimension and even if it were, it was harmless error. On the basis of the record before this court I would further declare my belief to be that it was harmless beyond a reasonable doubt. Chapman v. California, 386 U.S. 18, 24, 87 S.Ct. 824, 17 L.Ed.2d 705 (1967). The case before us is reported in State v. Bustamante, 103 Ariz. 551, 447 P.2d 243 (1968). As stated by that court, the facts are as follows:
"Viewed in a light most favorable to upholding the verdict the following events occurred. At approximately 12:30 p. m. on February 5, 1966, the defendant arrived at 2913 West Garfield in Tolleson, Arizona, the home of the Ortiz family. At the time of defendant's arrival, Mr. and Mrs. Ortiz were sitting in the front room, and two of the Ortiz children were in a rear room watching television. Mr. Ortiz invited defendant to sit down, but he proceeded to the rear of the house to watch television.
"After watching television for a short time, defendant moved to the middle room of the house and began conversing with Mrs. Ortiz who was still in the front room with her husband. Defendant asked her to iron a shirt for him. She refused, and told him that he should leave the house. As she spoke she turned her back to defendant and moved across the front room to stand by a window. Defendant walked into the front room and, without further words, pulled a .25 caliber revolver from his coat pocket and shot Mrs. Ortiz twice in the back and once in her right arm. At the first shot, Mr. Ortiz lunged for the defendant, but before he could reach him all three shots had been fired. As Mr. Ortiz struggled to wrest the gun from defendant, a fourth shot was fired into the ceiling. The defendant had purchased the revolver the day before the shooting." 447 P.2d at 244.
The authorities cited by the majority do, indeed, contain strong language upholding the right of a defendant charged with a capital offense to be personally present in the courtroom at all stages of the trial. Here the Supreme Court of the state has held that the absence of the defendant during the replay of the instructions, without a showing of prejudice, was not cause for reversal. There is thus no violation of state law. The question posed by the majority, therefore, is whether a federal right was violated and whether that violation justifies the issuance of a writ. The majority points out that at common law the accused enjoyed a "privilege of presence" and that this rule is embodied in the Constitution. At common law, of course, the recording of the court's instructions electronically was unknown. The "privilege of presence" therefore referred to the right of the accused to be present at all times when testimony was taken, evidence was introduced, jurors were selected, instructions were given, the verdict was announced and sentence was pronounced. The absence of the defendant at any portion of those original proceedings was a violation of that privilege and that right.
The cases cited by the majority are of that kind and with them one can find nothing to disagree. In Hopt v. Utah, 110 U.S. 574, 4 S.Ct. 202, 28 L.Ed. 262 (1884) for example, six jurors challenged for cause by the defendant were examined outside the courtroom and out of the presence of both the court and the defendant. Two were ultimately seated to try the defendant. Other cases cited are of similar tenor.
Here, however, the defendant and his counsel were both present during the entire trial including the instructing of the jury. The defendant and his counsel had full right of confrontation of witnesses, full right to cross-examination and to object to introduction of evidence or presentation of testimony and to make any objection to the proceedings or to offer the testimony of any witnesses or present any evidence.
The minutes of the clerk as recited by the majority indicate what took place at the time of the replay of the tape. There is no suggestion that the minutes are inaccurate or incomplete. The majority intimate that perhaps something untoward occurred; that the jury was not present; that they might not have been able to hear; or that there might have been other dialogue of some sort. The minutes quoted by the majority are clearly to the contrary. Neither appellant's counsel at the trial nor appellant's counsel on appeal have hinted at any such occurrence. The opinion of the court here calls atention to Snyder v. Mass., 291 U.S. 97, 54 S.Ct. 330, 78 L.Ed. 674 (1934). I, also, emphasize it. That, too, was a state trial for a capital offense. Snyder was sentenced to death, and the highest court of the state affirmed the conviction. During the trial and at the request of the state, the court indicated that it would permit the jury to view the scene of the crime. Counsel for Snyder requested that his client be permitted to view the scene with the jury, invoking the protection of the federal Constitution. The motion was denied. Mr. Justice Cardozo for the Supreme Court answered the contention that the absence of the defendant at the view was a denial of due process under the Fourteenth Amendment. He pointed out that in earlier cases the absence of the defendant might well be said to have borne a relation, reasonably, substantial to the defendant's opportunity to defend. He continued:
"Nowhere in the decisions of this court is there a dictum, and still less a ruling, that the Fourteenth Amendment assures the privilege of presence when presence would be useless, or the benefit but a shadow. What has been said, if not decided, is distinctly to the contrary. Howard v. Kentucky, 200 U.S. 164, 175 [26 S.Ct. 189, 50 L.Ed. 421]; Valdez v. United States, 244 U.S. 432, 445 [37 S.Ct. 725, 61 L.Ed. 1242]. Cf. Frank v. Mangum, supra, and particularly the dissenting opinion at p. 346 of 237 U.S. [35 S.Ct. 582, 59 L.Ed. 969]." 291 U.S. at 106, 54 S.Ct. at 332-333.
Again he pointed out:
"At the outset, we consider a bare inspection and nothing more, a view where nothing is said by any one to direct the attention of the jury to one feature or another. The Fourteenth Amendment does not assure to a defendant the privilege to be present at such a time. There is nothing he could do if he were there, and almost nothing he could gain. The only shred of advantage would be to make certain that the jury had been brought to the right place and had viewed the right scene. If he felt any doubt about this, he could examine the bailiffs at the trial and learn what they had looked at. The risk that they would lie is no greater than the risk that attaches to testimony about anything. 'Constitutional law, like other mortal contrivances, has to take some chances.' Blinn v. Nelson, 222 U.S. 1, 7 [32 S.Ct. 1, 7, 56 L.Ed. 65]. Here the chance is so remote that it dwindles to the vanishing point." 291 U.S. at 108, 54 S.Ct. at 333.
"The Fourteenth Amendment has not said in so many words that he must be present every second or minute or even every hour of the trial. If words so inflexible are to be taken as implied, it is only because they are put there by a court, and not because they are there already, in advance of the decision. Due process of law requires that the proceedings shall be fair, but fairness is a relative, not an absolute concept. It is fairness with reference to particular conditions or particular results." 291 U.S. at 116, 54 S.Ct. at 336.
It would appear that Snyder is a stronger case for the accused than the present one. There, the jury was presented with the actual scene for the first time and it was during the course of the trial. The court in his instructions described the view as part of the evidence. The majority here distinguishes Snyder upon the basis that there was a "complete record" and the fact that a view was not part of a trial "in the sense in which a trial was understood at common law." As to the complete record, there is nothing to indicate the record here is not complete. As to the historic concept of a view as not being a part of the trial, I take issue with the majority's basis of distinction. The opinion of the Supreme Court emphasizes time and again that the problem is fundamentally one of constitutional due process in the sense of a full and fair trial. Upon that measure we look primarily to the question of whether the defendant has been denied his ability to defend. There is nothing which the defendant here could do by being present at the replaying of the court's instructions to aid in his defense.
Mr. Justice Cardozo closes his opinion with the admonition that the Supreme Court should not supersede the particular state's forms with which its own sense of fairness and justice expresses itself in rules of law. His warning has been oft quoted and was repeated by Mr. Justice Stewart as recently as in Dutton v. Evans, 400 U.S. 74, 89, 91 S.Ct. 210, 220, 27 L.Ed.2d 213 (1970).
"There is danger that the criminal law will be brought into contempt-that discredit will even touch the great immunities assured by the Fourteenth Amendment-if gossamer possibilities of prejudice to a defendant are to nullify a sentence pronounced by a court of competent jurisdiction in obedience to local law, and set the guilty free." Snyder v. Mass., 291 U.S. at 122, 54 S.Ct. at 338.
I would affirm the district court's denial of the Writ of Habeas Corpus.
Honorable Warren J. Ferguson, United States District Judge, Central District of California, sitting by designation
Present counsel was not trial counsel


Kids are in their cribs and I turn on the nursery monitor to watch Gio toss and turn like he does every night. All of the sudden I hear loud noises coming from upstairs. I look back at the monitor to see Gio sitting up in his crib while flailing his arms. I turn on the monitor sound to hear Gio loudly singing, "I woke up in a firetruck" while making the siren sounds. In the background I hear Isa yelling, TOO LOUD. I can't help but giggle. Then I laugh hysterically because this continues for another 15 minutes. This was the laughter my entire body needed today. Thank goodness for this pair. They definitely closed the night with something I was missing all day. A smile.
As I walked home from a sweet coffee break I began to look around at all the people walking around the neighborhood. They were all going in different directions and each had a group. I felt like I was invisible and just floating through each group conversation. No matter where I turned I saw a clique. Each had their own personality, dress, and language. There were even those that fell behind in a group with a sadness on their face just trying to catch up. Whatever the clique, it caused me to go back and reflect on my younger years and then frantically to now as I thought of my children and where their journey would take them. I prayed at that moment that Gio and Isa would be themselves no matter the clique. That they would be kind not only to the person they are but to others. That they respect themselves and those around them and no matter what others say that they will be strong in their own opinion. My mind came back to the present and I picked up more conversations within cliques that I floated around and heard laughter towards a group of girls just trying to fit in. I saw discomfort and concern on the face of one of the girls that was pretending to agree. She seemed bothered by what the rest of the group was saying but yet she said nothing. I looked at her and tried to force a soft smile as to tell her what she feels is ok and she should voice her opinion. Instead she turned away and pretended to laugh at the horrible jokes the group was saying.
I felt my mood change slightly and a heavy weight fell upon my shoulders. I slowly made my way home but not before that same girl grabbed my wrist and said, "I know you heard what we were saying but know that I told my friends that we should stop making fun of people we didn't know." She said that this is why I'm here and no longer there. She continued by saying, "I guess standing up for what you believe doesn't always keep your friends." I told her when you stand up for what you believe, your friends are the one's standing right along with you for support. If they aren't there they were never your friends to begin with. That doesn't mean you can't disagree and have difference of opinions, it just means that your true friend will always support you or catch you when you fall. She actually said, thank you and ran to catch the train. I felt the heaviness on my shoulders lift and carry away. I stopped for a moment to take in what just happened and then giggled to myself. I guess it was my way of releasing all the emotions I felt when she grabbed my wrist. I definitely could of turned swinging from the wrist grab but there was something calming that kept me grounded. I began walking home smiling the entire way.
When I got home, I opened the front door to find Gio and Isa matching the smile on my face. What a way to walk in a home. May the smiles that surround us creep into your home and heart. Happy Friday!
Sometimes a conversation is all you need to calm the memories that come fluttering in. It's your way of understanding and respecting your hearts feelings to continue on your life's journey.
My parents are over and eating dinner with the kids. Gio is not feeling so well as he's had the sniffles all day and really no appetite . He decides that apples and peanut butter would make him feel better. He looks at me and asks me so sweetly if he can have some. Before running to get them for him (which is really what I wanted to do) I told him he would need to eat one more rice in order to get the apples and peanut butter. My little cutie picked up one grain of rice, held it between his two fingers to be sure we all saw it, and with a huge smile on his face placed it in his mouth. He immediately told me he ate ONE rice. We all looked at each other and began laughing. It really was my fault. He did exactly what I asked even though I meant another fork full of rice and not just one. He was still smiling as everyone continued laughing. I wanted to just eat him all up. My clever little man. He sure did receive apples and peanut butter along with a bunch of kisses and a little cheek squeeze too.
Sometimes it's harder to just let it go than to hold on.
It's a memory fluttering day. Each one is making me smile so I reach out my hands to catch them all and keep them safe. Enjoying the memories that fill my day. Take a moment to find yours and just let your body smile.
I was talking to a friend of mine today on the street when a few parents she knew walked in our direction. They stopped to exchange hellos and some pleasantries until someone mentioned wrinkles. My friend began to say that she noticed several more wrinkles around her eyes and mouth. Before my friend could finish the conversation a lady from the group immediately said it was her own fault. I looked surprised as I glared in her direction to listen to the words that would follow. My friend was also surprised and asked what she meant. Without hesitation the lady told her, it was because she laughed too much. My wheels were spinning. How can a person laugh too much, I thought. I kept my mouth shut just to give this person the opportunity to speak kinder words and clarify but boy was I wrong. She continued telling my friend that the more she laughed the more she would ruin her face. Adding that she could see it had already begun. I looked at her almost wrinkle free face and moved closer to my friend. I could see my friends shoulders slouch as the look of embarrassment came across her face. This lady began talking about how she has next to no wrinkles because she keeps a steady face and my friend should try it some time. At this point I heard enough. I didn't care who she was or how good of a friend she was to my friend, but I couldn't let her emotionally abuse her. Of course, me and my big mouth had to intervene. I looked first straight at that lady then immediately at my friend. I told her it was perfectly fine to smile and laugh as much as she could. That it is one of the best sounds to hear. That no matter what this person said her wrinkles showed the world all the joys and love she experienced and that was beautiful. I told my friend that each line represented an emotion, a memory, a time in her life that she experienced and that made her grow even more beautiful than she already was. This lady huffed as I was talking to my friend which only made me smile.
What is wrong with people? If you want to live a wrinkle free, detached, no feeling life than that is your choice but do not criticize those who want to feel all the joys life has to offer. Life is filled with many things, it's up to us to embrace it. Take it all in and just be. We all have our own journey to live. Live it the best way you know how. Love unconditionally, laugh until your cheeks hurt so much you cry, and NEVER let anyone take your joy away from you. So we get a few wrinkles in the process, it only means you lived.
As for the stone cold person, I was sure to laugh so loudly that those surrounding us had to turn and smile because they felt the joys laughter can bring. A smile is contagious, let's spread it around!
Today my daughter turned to me with her sweet kind eyes and soft smile to say, "mommy, polish my nails please." I couldn't say no this time. I asked her what color she wanted and she said, "pink." I looked right at her and told her I would. She beamed from ear to ear and gave me the biggest hug ever. I was on a mission to locate pink polish in our home and found just the perfect one for my baby, I mean little big girl. She saw the polish in my hand and began to smile even bigger. I rushed over to her and began polishing first her fingernails and then her toenails. She couldn't contain her excitement as she kept looking at each finger I painted over and over with a smile. As I was painting each nail I made sure to explain to her that she needed to let the nails dry before touching anything. She sat really still but at times would move a slight bit before she realized she wasn't supposed to move and froze again. Finally when she couldn't take it any more she turned to me and asked if she could stand up. I told her it was fine for her to move now. She moved only one foot before asking me again if she could take another step. She was so afraid to mess up her nails that she moved so slowly across the floor. She finally made it to the section of toys that she was eyeing from across the room. Once she got there she just stood still and stared at them. The expression on her face was priceless. It was as though she was having a conversation with her toys with her mind and not her words. I finally walked over to her touched her nails to test them and she almost cried. She thought I was going to ruin her nails. When I explained I was testing to make sure they were dry so she could play her expression softened. With a smile on my face I confirmed that they were all set. She looked at me, took a deep breath and said, "I love you so much." She began playing with her toys but every so often she would glance at her fingers and toes just to smile. What a sweet experience. Who thought polish could bring so much emotion and unconditional joy!
Sometimes your mind drifts to places that were once familiar. At that moment you must take a step back and look at what's in front of you. Remember the past will always be part of you. It brought you to where you are today but if you look too long at the past it may confuse your future. Believe in yourself. Listen not only to your heart but your mind too and remember memories will always carry you through.
May today be the start of little miracles coming true. Little kisses touching your nose. Soft whispers of love blowing in your ears and gentle touches of peace filling your world.


text:
Mask-Wearing Champions Japan and South Korea Look to End the Habit – The Wall Street Journal
Post date 20 January 2023
Three years into the pandemic, nearly everyone in Japan is wearing a mask most of the time in public, and in South Korea it is legally required indoors.
Now these two Asian champions of mask-wearing say it is time to move on. Officials in Tokyo and Seoul on Friday called for easing of mask protocols, overriding concerns from some who say the practice still saves lives and keeps away a variety of ailments.
https://archive.today/2023.01.20-155931/https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/mask-wearing-champions-japan-and-south-korea-look-to-end-the-habit-11674214938
Tags Chuo University, COVID-19, Face Masks, Government, Guidance, Infection Control, Influenza, Japan, Keio University in Tokyo, MyVoice, Our World in Data, Professor Masami Yamaguchi, Professor Norio Sugaya, Psychology, South Korea
Our failure to protect care homes was the original sin of lockdown – The Telegraph
We now know, from bitter experience, that community-wide interventions did very little to alter the natural course of the pandemic and served only to delay the inevitable in countries such as China (once hailed as a paragon of infection control) where it was possible to seal the borders at the outset. Even a cursory acquaintance with epidemiological theory would tell you that the likelihood of interrupting the spread of an epidemic through restrictions on movement is vanishingly small.
http://archive.today/2022.04.29-173710/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2022/04/29/failure-protect-care-homes-original-sin-lockdown/
Tags Care Homes, Collateral Damage, COVID-19, Elderly, Focused Protection, Infection Control, Lockdown, Professor Sunetra Gupta, UK
The NHS still refuses to treat us like humans – The Telegraph
Post date 24 February 2022
Even here, in the Soviet-style behemoth that is "our NHS", choice can no longer be taken for granted. There is a defiant reluctance among GPs to go back to seeing patients in person. Many hospital appointments are still online. Hopes that patients could start to enjoy the comforting old normal are dashed by an arrogant, unfeeling bureaucracy which puts its own health first.
"There are no immediate changes to IPC (infection, prevention and control) requirements," says an ominous letter to clinical staff from NHS England. I am told that masks are so embedded in NHS behaviour that we will probably never again see a nurse's smile.
http://archive.today/2022.02.24-205150/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2022/02/24/nhs-still-refuses-treat-us-like-humans/
Tags Collateral Damage, COVID-19, Government, GP, Hospitals, Infection Control, Infection Prevention Control, NHS England, Patient Advice and Liaison Service, Policy, Save the NHS, UK
Manipulative magnetic nanomedicine: the future of COVID-19 pandemic/endemic therapy – Taylor & Francis Online
Nanobiotechnology is emerging very promising to investigate novel methodologies for managing COVID-19 pandemic/endemic successfully. In this direction, experts have explored the opto-electro-magnetic nanosystem to detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus using a biosensing approach. Such optical, electrical, or magnetic biosensors function based on geno-sensing and immune-sensing has detected the SARS-CoV-2 virus selectively at a very low level. These efficient-miniaturized biosensors can be operated using a smartphone and promoted for clinical application for early-stage diagnostics of COVID-19 infection. The successful integration of these SARS-CoV-2 virus sensors with AI and IoMT enables virus detection at point-of-location and sharing of bioinformatics with the medical center at the same time for timely therapeutics decision. This approach is also useful for tracking tasks and managing COVID-19 infection according to patient infection profiling. To avoid human-to-human SARS-CoV-2 virus transmission, experts have developed stimuli-responsive nanotechnology enable which can not only trap aerosol of virus size but can eradicate viruses on applying external stimulation for example nanoenable photo-sensitive virus degradation. Various types of clothes containing nanoparticles have demonstrated SARS-CoV-2 virus trapping and eradication successfully [2,9]. However, significant attention is required to increase the production and distribution of these masks for public use.
Tags Antibodies, Artificial Intelligence, Biosensors, COVID-19, CRISPR-Cas, Gene Therapy, Infection, Infection Control, IoMT, IoT, Magnetic, Magneto-electric Nanoparticles, Nanomedicine, Nanotechnology, Pharmaceutical Industry, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-COVID-1, Smart Phone, Spike Protein, Taylor and Francis Online, Technology, Virus
Alternative Media Videos
Dr. Hodkinson Interview – COVID-19 Vaccines, Infertility & Spike Protein Dangers
Dr. Hodkinson, here to discuss the dangers of the COVID-19 vaccines, the possibility of infertility, and the very real concerns about the vaccine-induced spike proteins and what new scientific research is clearly suggesting about their risks to your health.
Tags Aerosol, Asymptomatic, Blood Clots, Civil Liability, Coercion, COVID-19, Criminal Liability, Cross Contamination, Dr. Roger Hodkinson, Droplets, Elderly, Errors, Face Masks, False Positive, Financial Incentives, Focused Protection, Gain of Function, Genetic Engineering, Herd Immunity, Immune Escape, Immunity, Infection Control, Infertility, Influenza, Italy, Liability, Lockdown, Medical Experts, Milan, mRNA, Notice of Liability, PCR, Pharmaceutical Industry, Professor Neil Ferguson, Safety, Sanger Sequencing, Side-effects, Spike Protein, Testing, The Great Barrington Declaration, The Last American Vagabond, Transmission, Vaccination, Vaccine Damage, Vitamin D, Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Virology
More than 500 people admitted to hospital with coronavirus after getting vaccinated – Evening Standard
More than 500 people who received their coronavirus jabs have been admitted to hospital with Covid-19, a UK study has found.
Researchers at Liverpool University said the patients had all received one dose of the vaccine at least three weeks before they were admitted.
They said the patients were largely frail and elderly, while the number of people who were hospitalised represented only around 1 per cent of the 52,000 people involved in the research.
https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/covid-vaccine-uk-500-admitted-hospital-b932792.html
Tags COVID-19, Department of Health and Social Care, Elderly, Evening Standard, Immunity, Infection Control, Side-effects, Vaccination
Lockdown legacy facing future generations – Dr Rob Verkerk, Pandemic Podcast
Rob Verkerk, Founder, Executive and Scientific Director of the Alliance for Natural Health International, a scientist who has for 30 years been exploring positive ways to span the gulfs between science and the law, between academia and industry, and between governments and their people.
Backup mirror:
Mirrored on odysee.com
Tags Age Groups, Age-standardised Mortality Rate, Agriculture, All Cause Mortality, Allergens, Alliance for Natural Health International, Antibody-Dependent Enhancement, Autoimmune Disease, Cancer, Cases, Cholesterol, Civil Liberties, Community, Comorbidity, Corporations, Corporatocracy, COVID-19, Dictatorship, Diet, Diversification, Dr Rob Verkerk, Dry Tinder Effect, Ecology, Economy, Emissions, Entertainment Industry, Environmentalism, Error Rate, Errors, Escape, EuroMOMO, Europe, Face Masks, False Positive, Farming, Foreign Aid, Fourth Industrial Revolution, Gambia, GAVI Alliance, Globalism, GMO, Government, Gut Microbiome, Healthcare Access, Herd Immunity, History, Hospitality Industry, Immunity, India, Industry, Infection Control, Influenza, Informed Consent, Israel, Law, Legal Action, Lockdown, Low Fat Campaign, Medical Industry, MERS, Monoculture, mRNA, Multinationals, Mutation, Office for National Statistics, Opt-out Campaign, Pandemic Podcast, Pandemics, Patents, Pathogenic Priming, PCR, Pfizer, Pharmaceutical Industry, Policy, Power, Pre-existing Conditions, Prevalence, Professor Klaus Schwab, Psychology, R Value, Rapid Lateral Flow, Resilience, SARS, Social Contracts, Spain, Spanish Flu, Statistics, Surveillance, Technocracy, Technology, Testing, The Great Reset, Transhumanism, Travel, Travel Industry, UK, Vaccination, Vaccine Passports, Virus, Vitamin D, War, World Doctors Alliance, World Economic Forum
Bacteria were the real killers in 1918 flu pandemic – New Scientist (2008)
Medical and scientific experts now agree that bacteria, not influenza viruses, were the greatest cause of death during the 1918 flu pandemic.
…That pneumonia causes most deaths in an influenza outbreak is well known. Late 19th century physicians recognised pneumonia as the cause of death of most flu victims. While doctors limited fatalities in other 20th-century outbreaks with antibiotics such as penicillin, which was discovered in 1928, but did not see use in patients until 1942.
…McCullers' research suggests that influenza kills cells in the respiratory tract, providing food and a home for invading bacteria. On top of this, an overstressed immune system makes it easier for the bacteria to get a foothold.
https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn14458-bacteria-were-the-real-killers-in-1918-flu-pandemic/
Tags 1918 Flu Pandemic, Antiboitics, Bacteria, Infection Control, Influenza, New Scientist, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Spanish Flu
Use and abuse of mathematical models: an illustration from the 2001 foot and mouth disease epidemic in the United Kingdom – University of Edinburgh (2006)
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a major threat, not only to countries whose economies rely on agricultural exports, but also to industrialised countries that maintain a healthy domestic livestock industry by eliminating major infectious diseases from their livestock populations. Traditional methods of controlling diseases such as FMD require the rapid detection and slaughter of infected animals, and any susceptible animals with which they may have been in contact, either directly or indirectly. During the 2001 epidemic of FMD in the United Kingdom (UK), this approach was supplemented by a culling policy driven by unvalidated predictive models. The epidemic and its control resulted in the death of approximately ten million animals, public disgust with the magnitude of the slaughter, and political resolve to adopt alternative options, notably including vaccination, to control any future epidemics. The UK experience provides a salutary warning of how models can be abused in the interests of scientific opportunism.
https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/use-and-abuse-of-mathematical-models-an-illustration-from-the-2001-foot-and-mouth-disease-epidemic-in-the-united-kingdom(e368e2d3-1161-4e6e-97c8-5e33d44a9fb3).html
Tags Epidemiology, Errors, Foot and Mouth Disease, Government, Infection Control, Modelling, Policy, Science, UK, University of Edinburgh
COVID-19: management of staff and exposed patients or residents in health and social care settings – GOV.uk
Immunocompetent staff, patients and residents who have tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR should be exempt from routine re-testing by PCR or LFD antigen tests (for example, repeated whole setting screening or screening prior to hospital discharge) within a period of 90 days from their initial illness onset or test (if asymptomatic) unless they develop new COVID-19 symptoms. This is because fragments of inactive virus can be persistently detected by PCR in respiratory tract samples following infection – long after a person has completed their isolation period and is no longer infectious.
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/covid-19-management-of-exposed-healthcare-workers-and-patients-in-hospital-settings/covid-19-management-of-exposed-healthcare-workers-and-patients-in-hospital-settings#section6
Tags Asymptomatic, COVID-19, Department of Health and Social Care, False Positive, Government, Health Care Workers, Infection Control, Isolation, PCR, Public Health England, Rapid Lateral Flow, Symptoms, Testing, Transmission, UK
Measures do not prevent deaths, transmission is not by contact, masks provide no benefit, vaccines are inherently dangerous: Review update of recent science relevant to COVID-19 policy – Denis Rancourt, Research Gate
The unprecedented measures of universal lockdowns, tight institutional lockdowns of care homes, universal masking of the general population, obsession with surfaces and hands, and the accelerated vaccine deployment are contrary to known science, and contrary to recent leading studies. There has been government recklessness by action and negligence by omission. Institutional measures have been needed for a long time to stem corruption in both medicine and public health policy.
Tags Aerosol, Airborne, Care Homes, Collateral Damage, Contact Tracing, COVID-19, D. G. Rancourt PhD, Face Masks, Financial Incentives, Government, Infection Control, Lockdown, Misinformation, Mortality Rate, Policy, RT-PCR, Science, Testing, Transmission, Vaccination
Effectiveness of Adding a Mask Recommendation to Other Public Health Measures to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Danish Mask Wearers – Annals of Internal Medicine
The recommendation to wear surgical masks to supplement other public health measures did not reduce the SARS-CoV-2 infection rate among wearers by more than 50% in a community with modest infection rates, some degree of social distancing, and uncommon general mask use. The data were compatible with lesser degrees of self-protection.
https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/M20-6817
Tags Annals of Internal Medicine, CDC, COVID-19, Face Masks, Infection Control, Infection Rate, Randomized Controlled Trials, Transmission, WHO
Visitor Contributions
The SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
No Comments on The SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
In the interest of public debate, we allow visitors to share opinions, experiences and research that may be of value to others. This is a visitor contribution from our Discussions page.
The views expressed are those of the individual posters themselves. Please read our Comments and contributions disclaimer.
Credentials: Physics graduate, University College London (UCL); Senior Research Analyst
Contact: LinkedIn
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the world at a horrific scale, and people are trying to form their own opinions — rightly so — on topics ranging from disease severity to government policy. However, the general public are not exposed to a consistent flow of reliable information, so many are suffering from fear, confusion, and isolation, exacerbated by extreme differences in opinion on how seriously any aspect of the pandemic should be taken. These are the problems that this report aims to address.
Read the full article on Medium: The SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
Tags Care Homes, Cases, CFR, Comorbidity, COVID-19, Face Masks, False Positive, IFR, Infection Control, Mortality Rate, Office for National Statistics, Public Health England, RT-PCR, Social Distancing, Statistics, Symptoms, Testing, Transmission, Two Meter Rule
Fask Facts -The Association of American Physicians and Surgeons
A curated list of mask facts and medical publications.
COVID-19 is as politically-charged as it is infectious. Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, the WHO, the CDC and NIH's Dr. Anthony Fauci discouraged wearing masks as not useful for non-health care workers. Now they recommend wearing cloth face coverings in public settings where other social distancing measures are hard to do (e.g., grocery stores and pharmacies). The recommendation was published without a single scientific paper or other information provided to support that cloth masks actually provide any respiratory protection. Let's look at the data.
Surgical masks are loose fitting. They are designed to protect the patient from the doctors' respiratory droplets. There wearer is not protected from others' airborne particles.
People do not wear masks properly. Many people have the mask under the nose. The wearer does not have glasses on and the eyes are a portal of entry. If the virus lands on the conjunctiva, tears will wash it into the nasopharynx.
Most studies cannot separate out hand hygiene.
The designer masks and scarves offer minimal protection. They give a false sense of security to both the wearer and those around the wearer.
**Not to mention they add a perverse lightheartedness to the situation.
If you are walking alone, no need for a mask. Avoid other folks; use common sense.
Remember: children under 2 years should not wear masks because of accidental suffocation and difficulty breathing in some.
Even if a universal mask mandate were imposed, several studies noted that folks do not use the mask properly and over-report their wearing. Additionally, how would the mandate be enforced??
The positive studies are models that assume universality and full compliance.
If wearing a mask makes people go out and get Vitamin D – go for it. In the 1918 flu pandemic people who went outside did better. Early reports are showing people with COVID-19 with low Vitamin D do worse than those with normal levels. Perhaps that is why shut-ins do so poorly.
https://aapsonline.org/mask-facts/
Tags Air, Children, CO2, COVID-19, Droplets, Face Masks, Health Care Workers, Infection Control, PaO2, Psychology, Randomized Controlled Trials, Side-effects, The Association of American Physicians and Surgeons, Transmission
To what extent do children transmit SARS‐CoV‐2 virus? – Wiley Online Library
The evidence to date suggests that children spread SARS‐CoV‐2 virus relatively rarely and that children are usually infected by symptomatic or pre‐symptomatic adults (in the first 48 h before they become symptomatic). During contact tracing, the China/World Health Organization joint commission recorded no episodes where transmission occurred from a child to an adult. A review of 31 family clusters of COVID‐19 from China, Singapore, the USA, South Korea and Vietnam, found only three (9.7%) clusters had a child as the index case and in all three clusters the child was symptomatic.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jpc.14937
Tags Children, China, COVID-19, Infection Control, New Zealand, Pre-symptomatic, Schools, Singapore, South Korea, Symptomatic, the USA, Transmission, Wiley Online Library
Face Mask Use and Control of Respiratory Virus Transmission in Households – NCBI (2009)
The key findings are that <50% of participants were adherent with mask use and that the intention-to-treat analysis showed no difference between arms. Although our study suggests that community use of face masks is unlikely to be an effective control policy for seasonal respiratory diseases, adherent mask users had a significant reduction in the risk for clinical infection. Another recent study that examined the use of surgical masks and handwashing for the prevention of influenza transmission also found no significant difference between the intervention arms.
Tags Adherence, Community, Face Masks, Household, Infection Control, Influenza, NCBI, Transmission


It was so easy to play along with this week's challenge from the Global Design Project team – they gave us such a happy colour combination!!
Water Stamping: I sponged the 3 colours onto a piece of Whisper White Thick cardstock (I think the lighter weight Whisper White cardstock could work too), spritzed water onto the flower stamp from Butterfly Basics and pressed onto the sponged cardstock. I then stamped the ferns from the same stamp set in Tuxedo Black Memento Ink.
Emboss Resist: I sponged the 3 colours onto a piece of Whisper White cardstock, stamped the ornate dragonfly image from Dragonfly Dreams twice in Versamark ink, added clear embossing powder and heat. I wiped the Tuxedo Black Memento Ink pad over the embossed image, used a tissue to wipe excess ink off the image, and cut the dragonflies out with the matching Detailed Dragonfly framelit.
Posted in Global Design ProjectTagged colour challenge, eidercraft, Global Design Project, stampin' up!
I love these colours together!! So pretty. Thank you for sharing the details about the techniques. It is great to learn new things!


Have you seen that we have a shimmery white cardstock? It has a delicate shimmer on both sides of the cardstock. Here I have used some to create some little cards, the stamp is the delightful poodle from the birthday delivery stamp set. If you saw the panda in my earlier post, I have mixed up stamp sets. I have used one of the sentiments from the cheers to the year stamp set to turn birthday wishes into seasons greetings!
Of course, it also had the need for even more sparkle and some wink of stella which was simply run around the edge of the card! I hope you like it.
I've taken a close up for you to see (hopefully) the sparkle.


text:
import os
import sys
import unittest

from pylib import cmd_helper
from pylib import constants
from pylib.utils import md5sum

sys.path.append(
    os.path.join(constants.DIR_SOURCE_ROOT, 'third_party', 'pymock'))
import mock

TEST_OUT_DIR = os.path.join('test', 'out', 'directory')
HOST_MD5_EXECUTABLE = os.path.join(TEST_OUT_DIR, 'md5sum_bin_host')

class Md5SumTest(unittest.TestCase):

  def setUp(self):
    self._patchers = [
        mock.patch('pylib.constants.GetOutDirectory',
                   new=mock.Mock(return_value=TEST_OUT_DIR)),
        mock.patch('os.path.exists',
                   new=mock.Mock(return_value=True)),
    ]
    for p in self._patchers:
      p.start()

  def tearDown(self):
    for p in self._patchers:
      p.stop()

  def testCalculateHostMd5Sums_singlePath(self):
    test_path = '/test/host/file.dat'
    mock_get_cmd_output = mock.Mock(
        return_value='0123456789abcdeffedcba9876543210 /test/host/file.dat')
    with mock.patch('pylib.cmd_helper.GetCmdOutput', new=mock_get_cmd_output):
      out = md5sum.CalculateHostMd5Sums(test_path)
      self.assertEquals(1, len(out))
      self.assertTrue('/test/host/file.dat' in out)
      self.assertEquals('0123456789abcdeffedcba9876543210',
                        out['/test/host/file.dat'])
      mock_get_cmd_output.assert_called_once_with(
          [HOST_MD5_EXECUTABLE, '/test/host/file.dat'])

  def testCalculateHostMd5Sums_list(self):
    test_paths = ['/test/host/file0.dat', '/test/host/file1.dat']
    mock_get_cmd_output = mock.Mock(
        return_value='0123456789abcdeffedcba9876543210 /test/host/file0.dat\n'
                     '123456789abcdef00fedcba987654321 /test/host/file1.dat\n')
    with mock.patch('pylib.cmd_helper.GetCmdOutput', new=mock_get_cmd_output):
      out = md5sum.CalculateHostMd5Sums(test_paths)
      self.assertEquals(2, len(out))
      self.assertTrue('/test/host/file0.dat' in out)
      self.assertEquals('0123456789abcdeffedcba9876543210',
                        out['/test/host/file0.dat'])
      self.assertTrue('/test/host/file1.dat' in out)
      self.assertEquals('123456789abcdef00fedcba987654321',
                        out['/test/host/file1.dat'])
      mock_get_cmd_output.assert_called_once_with(
          [HOST_MD5_EXECUTABLE, '/test/host/file0.dat',
           '/test/host/file1.dat'])

  def testCalculateHostMd5Sums_generator(self):
    test_paths = ('/test/host/' + p for p in ['file0.dat', 'file1.dat'])
    mock_get_cmd_output = mock.Mock(
        return_value='0123456789abcdeffedcba9876543210 /test/host/file0.dat\n'
                     '123456789abcdef00fedcba987654321 /test/host/file1.dat\n')
    with mock.patch('pylib.cmd_helper.GetCmdOutput', new=mock_get_cmd_output):
      out = md5sum.CalculateHostMd5Sums(test_paths)
      self.assertEquals(2, len(out))
      self.assertTrue('/test/host/file0.dat' in out)
      self.assertEquals('0123456789abcdeffedcba9876543210',
                        out['/test/host/file0.dat'])
      self.assertTrue('/test/host/file1.dat' in out)
      self.assertEquals('123456789abcdef00fedcba987654321',
                        out['/test/host/file1.dat'])
      mock_get_cmd_output.assert_called_once_with(
          [HOST_MD5_EXECUTABLE, '/test/host/file0.dat', '/test/host/file1.dat'])

  def testCalculateDeviceMd5Sums_singlePath(self):
    test_path = '/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file.dat'

    device = mock.NonCallableMock()
    device.adb = mock.NonCallableMock()
    device.adb.Push = mock.Mock()
    device_md5sum_output = [
        '0123456789abcdeffedcba9876543210 '
            '/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file.dat',
    ]
    device.RunShellCommand = mock.Mock(return_value=device_md5sum_output)

    mock_temp_file = mock.mock_open()
    mock_temp_file.return_value.name = '/tmp/test/script/file.sh'

    mock_device_temp_file = mock.mock_open()
    mock_device_temp_file.return_value.name = (
        '/data/local/tmp/test/script/file.sh')

    with mock.patch('tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile', new=mock_temp_file), (
         mock.patch('pylib.utils.device_temp_file.DeviceTempFile',
                    new=mock_device_temp_file)):
      out = md5sum.CalculateDeviceMd5Sums(test_path, device)
      self.assertEquals(1, len(out))
      self.assertTrue('/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file.dat' in out)
      self.assertEquals('0123456789abcdeffedcba9876543210',
                        out['/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file.dat'])
      device.adb.Push.assert_called_once_with(
          '/tmp/test/script/file.sh', '/data/local/tmp/test/script/file.sh')
      device.RunShellCommand.assert_called_once_with(
          ['sh', '/data/local/tmp/test/script/file.sh'])

  def testCalculateDeviceMd5Sums_list(self):
    test_path = ['/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file0.dat',
                 '/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file1.dat']
    device = mock.NonCallableMock()
    device.adb = mock.NonCallableMock()
    device.adb.Push = mock.Mock()
    device_md5sum_output = [
        '0123456789abcdeffedcba9876543210 '
            '/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file0.dat',
        '123456789abcdef00fedcba987654321 '
            '/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file1.dat',
    ]
    device.RunShellCommand = mock.Mock(return_value=device_md5sum_output)

    mock_temp_file = mock.mock_open()
    mock_temp_file.return_value.name = '/tmp/test/script/file.sh'

    mock_device_temp_file = mock.mock_open()
    mock_device_temp_file.return_value.name = (
        '/data/local/tmp/test/script/file.sh')

    with mock.patch('tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile', new=mock_temp_file), (
         mock.patch('pylib.utils.device_temp_file.DeviceTempFile',
                    new=mock_device_temp_file)):
      out = md5sum.CalculateDeviceMd5Sums(test_path, device)
      self.assertEquals(2, len(out))
      self.assertTrue('/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file0.dat' in out)
      self.assertEquals('0123456789abcdeffedcba9876543210',
                        out['/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file0.dat'])
      self.assertTrue('/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file1.dat' in out)
      self.assertEquals('123456789abcdef00fedcba987654321',
                        out['/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file1.dat'])
      device.adb.Push.assert_called_once_with(
          '/tmp/test/script/file.sh', '/data/local/tmp/test/script/file.sh')
      device.RunShellCommand.assert_called_once_with(
          ['sh', '/data/local/tmp/test/script/file.sh'])

  def testCalculateDeviceMd5Sums_generator(self):
    test_path = ('/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file%d.dat' % n
                 for n in xrange(0, 2))

    device = mock.NonCallableMock()
    device.adb = mock.NonCallableMock()
    device.adb.Push = mock.Mock()
    device_md5sum_output = [
        '0123456789abcdeffedcba9876543210 '
            '/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file0.dat',
        '123456789abcdef00fedcba987654321 '
            '/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file1.dat',
    ]
    device.RunShellCommand = mock.Mock(return_value=device_md5sum_output)

    mock_temp_file = mock.mock_open()
    mock_temp_file.return_value.name = '/tmp/test/script/file.sh'

    mock_device_temp_file = mock.mock_open()
    mock_device_temp_file.return_value.name = (
        '/data/local/tmp/test/script/file.sh')

    with mock.patch('tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile', new=mock_temp_file), (
         mock.patch('pylib.utils.device_temp_file.DeviceTempFile',
                    new=mock_device_temp_file)):
      out = md5sum.CalculateDeviceMd5Sums(test_path, device)
      self.assertEquals(2, len(out))
      self.assertTrue('/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file0.dat' in out)
      self.assertEquals('0123456789abcdeffedcba9876543210',
                        out['/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file0.dat'])
      self.assertTrue('/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file1.dat' in out)
      self.assertEquals('123456789abcdef00fedcba987654321',
                        out['/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file1.dat'])
      device.adb.Push.assert_called_once_with(
          '/tmp/test/script/file.sh', '/data/local/tmp/test/script/file.sh')
      device.RunShellCommand.assert_called_once_with(
          ['sh', '/data/local/tmp/test/script/file.sh'])

  def testCalculateDeviceMd5Sums_singlePath_linkerWarning(self):
    # See crbug/479966
    test_path = '/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file.dat'

    device = mock.NonCallableMock()
    device.adb = mock.NonCallableMock()
    device.adb.Push = mock.Mock()
    device_md5sum_output = [
        'WARNING: linker: /data/local/tmp/md5sum/md5sum_bin: '
            'unused DT entry: type 0x1d arg 0x15db',
        '0123456789abcdeffedcba9876543210 '
            '/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file.dat',
    ]
    device.RunShellCommand = mock.Mock(return_value=device_md5sum_output)

    mock_temp_file = mock.mock_open()
    mock_temp_file.return_value.name = '/tmp/test/script/file.sh'

    mock_device_temp_file = mock.mock_open()
    mock_device_temp_file.return_value.name = (
        '/data/local/tmp/test/script/file.sh')

    with mock.patch('tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile', new=mock_temp_file), (
         mock.patch('pylib.utils.device_temp_file.DeviceTempFile',
                    new=mock_device_temp_file)):
      out = md5sum.CalculateDeviceMd5Sums(test_path, device)
      self.assertEquals(1, len(out))
      self.assertTrue('/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file.dat' in out)
      self.assertEquals('0123456789abcdeffedcba9876543210',
                        out['/storage/emulated/legacy/test/file.dat'])
      device.adb.Push.assert_called_once_with(
          '/tmp/test/script/file.sh', '/data/local/tmp/test/script/file.sh')
      device.RunShellCommand.assert_called_once_with(
          ['sh', '/data/local/tmp/test/script/file.sh'])

if __name__ == '__main__':
  unittest.main(verbosity=2)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


I have never been a major Halloween person but rather I am more invested in the post-Halloween sales for candy. Instead of going out in this wet and cold weather, I prefer to enjoy something a bit more simplistic. On my latest trip to Bobbette & Belle, I was pleasantly surprised by their new packaging for their macarons. It only made sense that I bought some and pair it up with tea from Fauchon which is simply awesome!
Categories: Food & Sweets | Tags: Bobbette & Belle, Fauchon, Fridays, Macarons, Paris, Tea, Toronto | Permalink.


Simply Economy White Crockery is available to buy on line from Chef & Bar Supplies as part of the extensive Restaurant Crockery product offer.
A brilliant 'entry level' crockery for professional caterers. Bistro's, Restaurants, Gastro Pubs, Banqueting, Canteens, Serveries, Care Homes and all food service where presentation and value for money is paramount. Unlike other 'economy' crockery ranges, a large range of plate and bowl shapes are available so great presentation can be gained at extraordinary prices. This is a thorough, professional, 'Value for Money' crockery collection! A fully Vitrified Hotelware BS4034, both oven and dishwasher proof.
Simply Round & Oval Plates features Narrow Rim, Wide Rim plate options.
Simply Economy Bowls features, multipurpose bowls and bowls for pasta, sides, desserts and more.
Simply Cups Mugs & Saucers offers a range of cups, saucers and mugs.
Simply Spectrum Coloured Crockery offers an opportunity to add a limited range of products in vivid colour shades.


We have two candidates that has submitted their declaration of candidacy as a Chapter Officer. The positions that are up for election are 2nd Vice President and Treasurer.
The 2nd Vice President Candidate is Marie Athearn.
Marie Athearn is a results driven community service professional that is dedicated to public safety and has been committed to excellence in emergency communications for 18 years. Marie started her career in 2000 as a police dispatcher and call taker. She transitioned to fire and EMS and has continued to grow with her current emergency communications center. In 2007 Marie certified as a Registered Public Leader (RPL) with APCO. She maintains her certification and continues to expand her knowledge and grow personnel within her organization. Marie has worked her way from a call taker/dispatcher to supervisor to Operations Manager, and is currently the Deputy Director Of Operations and Communications Services with Johnson County Emergency Management and Communications. She is consistent in her approach and always an advocate for positive change for 911 staff, processes, and systems. Her commitment is to efficient and effective 911 processing that strives to be seamless in how we interconnect agencies and technologies that support 911.
I am the 911 Liaison with the Kansas 911 Coordinating Council, where I among many other things research NG911 and provide guidance and training to Kansas PSAP personnel. Prior to joining the 911 Council I worked for Douglas County Emergency Communications for 18 years in various roles from dispatching, call taking, training officer, supervisor and Deputy Director of the 911 center. While at Douglas County I served as the President and Secretary for the Division One User's Group. I graduated from the University of Phoenix in 2012 with a bachelor's degree in Human Resource Management. In 2015, I obtained Certified Public Manager through Kansas University. I have been an APCO member since 1998 and a NENA member since 2014. In my personal time I serve on the board for the ARC of Douglas County and I just recently became the treasurer with Jefferson County Rural Water District #10. I understand the importance and responsibility of the role of a treasurer with the funds that belong to the members. I have been your Kansas APCO Treasurer for the past two years and would love the opportunity to continue to serve as your treasurer.
Any APCO Member can submit a declaration of candidacy up until the Election on Wednesday October, 10th at the Business Meeting at 1300-1400. You must have an application submitted at that time.