text:
Quincecare duty: the role of banks in fi...
Quincecare duty: the role of banks in fighting financial crime
This article was first published on 28 November, 2019 and appeared in the December 2019 issue of PLC Magazine.
Although the Quincecare duty has existed for around 30 years, Singularis Holdings Ltd (in official liquidation) v Daiwa Capital Markets Europe Ltd is the first case in which it has been found to be breached (see the section below on "Quincecare duty") ([2019] UKSC 50). The Supreme Court has upheld the lower courts' decision that a bank had no defence to a claim that it had breached its Quincecare duty of care to its customer.
The payments
Daiwa Capital Markets Europe Ltd, the London subsidiary of a Japanese investment bank and brokerage firm, made eight payments totalling approximately $204 million out of money held to the account of its client Singularis Holdings Ltd, a company set up to manage the investments of Saudi Arabian businessman Mr Al Sanea, in circumstances where there were "many obvious, even glaring signs that Mr Al Sanea was perpetuating a fraud on the company" and that he was using the funds for his own purposes and not for the benefit of Singularis.
The instructions to make the eight payments had been given with the approval of Mr Al Sanea, the sole shareholder, the chairman and a director of Singularis. Shortly after the payments were made, Mr Al Sanea placed Singularis into voluntary liquidation. The official liquidators of Singularis brought a claim against Daiwa.
The bank's failures
The High Court concluded that, in executing the payment orders, Daiwa had breached the Quincecare duty of care that it owed to Singularis ([2017] EWHC 257). In particular, it concluded that any reasonable banker would have realised that Mr Al Sanea was defrauding the company and using the funds for his own purposes, and that there was a failure at every level within Daiwa, a finding that was not challenged in the upper courts ([2018] EWCA Civ 84). The failings included that: Daiwa was aware of Singularis's severe financial difficulties at the time of the payments; Daiwa was aware that Singularis might have substantial creditors with an interest in the money; there was plenty of evidence to put Daiwa on notice that there was something seriously wrong with the way that Mr Al Sanea was operating the Singularis account; and Daiwa was alive to the possibility that the payments were not for legitimate expenses.
Despite all of this, and despite Daiwa's head of compliance noting that Daiwa should be cautious about any payments made in and out of the account and should ensure that they related to normal business activities, Daiwa made most of the payments without any investigation and some of the payments after only initial investigations, without reviewing the material received from those investigations. Although the High Court considered that there was a clear breach of the Quincecare duty, it reduced the damages payable by Daiwa by 25% for contributory negligence on the part of Singularis.
No attribution of fraud
The question before the Supreme Court was whether there was a defence for Daiwa on the basis that Mr Al Sanea's fraud should be attributed to Singularis, given that he was the dominant influence over Singularis's affairs. If so, Daiwa argued that the Quincecare claim would fail for illegality, causation, or because it would then have a counterclaim against Singularis in deceit. However, the court upheld the Court of Appeal's decision that Mr Al Sanea's fraud could not be attributed to Singularis, and therefore that Daiwa's defence failed.
After considering the authorities, and particularly the controversial decision in Stone & Rolls Ltd v Moore Stephens, the court concluded that the correct approach to the question of whether a fraudulent director's knowledge can be attributed to a company involves a consideration of the context and purpose for which the attribution is relevant ([2009] UKHL 39). The context in Singularis was Daiwa's breach of its Quincecare duty of care towards Singularis.
The court noted that the purpose of the Quincecare duty is to protect companies against exactly the sort of misappropriation of its funds as took place in this case; that is, fraud by a trusted agent of the company who is authorised to withdraw money from the account. To attribute the fraud of that person to the company would, in the words of the High Court, "denude the duty of any value in cases where it is most needed", which, in the court's view, would be a "retrograde step".
Implications for financial institutions
The decision shows just how much emphasis the courts are placing on the role of banks and other financial institutions in identifying and preventing financial crime. The scope of the Quincecare duty is yet to be seriously tested, as Singularis involved a clear breach. In particular, there is no clear guidance at this point on how far banks should go to resolve concerns about the legitimacy of payment instructions. However, in practical terms, until further guidance is given, banks and other financial institutions should ensure that they:
Have in place good systems for monitoring accounts and detecting transactions and instructions that are outside of a client's usual course of activity. Traditional banks tend to have good systems already but systems may not be as robust at other financial institutions, such as Daiwa, where deposit-taking is not a primary business and money is simply being paid out of a client account.
Consider a client's instructions in the context of the client's current situation and take extra care where there is a heightened risk of funds being misappropriated or the customer being defrauded, for example, when the customer is in financial difficulties (as in Singularis), there is a breakdown in relations between directors or shareholders, or the client has suffered recent security breaches.
Escalate the matter and investigate appropriately once concerns have been raised about the legitimacy of a client instruction. Any explanations and material received from the client to justify the instruction should be interrogated properly. In Singularis, although Daiwa did inquire into some of the payments, it did not appear to consider the explanations given critically.
Avoid committing the tipping-off offence under POCA if they have filed a suspicious activity report. Depending on timing, there may be a tension between avoiding tipping off the client and investigating the client's instructions to satisfy their Quincecare duty. In those circumstances, it is difficult to see how any further inquiries with the client can be made.
Carefully document any decision to execute an order if the bank has been able to resolve its concerns about the legitimacy of its client's instructions together with a clear explanation as to why the bank considers that it is no longer "on inquiry".
Quincecare duty
In the ordinary course of business, banks are obliged to execute their clients' instructions promptly. However, the Quincecare duty, which was first articulated in Barclays Bank plc v Quincecare Ltd, obliges banks to refrain from executing a customer's order if, and for so long as, the bank is "on inquiry"; that is, it has reasonable grounds, although not necessarily proof, for believing that the order is an attempt to defraud the customer ([1992] 4 All ER 363). If the bank executes the order in these circumstances, it may find itself liable for any losses suffered by the customer.
Anthea Bowater Senior Associate
Email Anthea Bowater
Emma Probyn Senior Associate
Email Emma Probyn


In an environment of shrinking margins, growers need effective tools to help manage inputs to optimize crop performance. By utilizing one or more of these services, a grower can troubleshoot problems in the field or determine how to better manage overall for increased profits.
Agrimanagement currently works with many kinds of growers in Central Washington, Columbia Basin, and Northern Oregon. Crops we work with include: Alfalfa, Apples, Asparagus, Beans, Cucurbits, Corn, Grapes, Hops, Mint, Blueberries, Peas, Potatoes, Raspberries, Wheat, and Ornamentals. Click on the photos below for more information.


text:
Sapa's Rose Valley Sets Vietnam Record
The rose valley in the Sun World Fansipan Legend tourist area in Sapa town, in the northern mountainous province of Lao Cai, has been recognised as the largest of its kind in Vietnam on May 23.
The rose valley covers an area of up to 50,000 square metres, stretching along the Muong Hoa mountain rail line that connects Sa Pa town and the the Mount Fansipan cable car station.
It contains over 300,000 rose plants, with over 150 most popular varieties from Sapa, Vietnam and across the world.
In addition to traditional local roses from around Vietnam, from places like Sapa, Hue, Hai Phong and Son La, many imported varieties and international favourites contribute to the uniqueness and diversity of the valley.
Possibly the most impressive highlight is the vivid carpets of red climbing roses that have contributed to creating the Sapa brand.
Director of Sun World Fansipan Legend, Nguyen Xuan Chien, said that the rose valley in Fansipan is expected to contribute a new unique angle to Sapa, attracting more visitors to "the city in the clouds', especially in the context of Vietnamese tourism making its best efforts to quickly recover after Covid-19 epidemic.
Sun World Fansipan Legend, as well as over 80 travel agencies, hotels, garages and restaurants in the tourist city are providing many services with discounts of between 30 and 60%.
Source: Nhan Dan Online
Hoi An Listed Among Top 10 Cities Of The World Ca Mau To Operate Sea Route To Phu Quoc island
Tru Jang
Swat Valley Tours vs Naran Kaghan Valley Tours
By John Davison
Club Med to Open Ho Tram, Vietnam - Best Vietnam Resort
Banh Mi And Vietnam's Culinary Culture
By Tru Jang
Vietnam Ranked 7th Among the World's 20 Fastest Growing Travel Destinations
Best Western Premier Sapphire Ha Long to Open in 2020 With 1,000+ Rooms Overlooking Ha Long Bay
Competition Seeks Best Photos Of Hanoi
Hong Kong newspaper suggests tourists to Hoi An
SCMP newspaper said that Hoi An has few foreign visitors, which is the right time to visit before this place is crowded again.
Hong Kong has dropped most of its Covid-19 prevention measures
People entering Hong Kong do not need to do a PCR test on arrival, do not need to be isolated, and vaccine passports will also be dropped.
Tourists hunt for the first snow of the season in Sapa
On the morning of December 28, when hearing that Fansipan peak had snow and rain, many tourists, despite the sub-zero temperatures, immediately went "snow hunting".
Visitors to China from August 1 only need to show COVID-19 negative certificates
The Chinese government removed the quarantine measures, and the medical procedure for travelers entering the country is only a negative test.
Luxury resorts in Vietnam introduced by iVIVU
iVIVU introduces a variety of peaceful resorts for visitors to relax and experience close to nature with interesting services.
25 inspirational destinations and experiences in 2023
If you want to escape the noisy life and find nature, go to Botswana, and if you want to explore the ancient heritage, Greece is always a welcome place.
Three tea hills in the North in the early days of winter
The tea hills of Long Coc (Phu Tho), Moc Chau (Son La) and O Long (Lao Cai) are in the best hunting season for dew and clouds.
What does Qatar tourism get thanks to the 2022 World Cup?
The total number of visitors and revenue for the tourism industry from the 2022 World Cup has not been announced, but Qatar has "won" in some aspects, such as promoting its image.
Tourism Accelerator Program 2023 ($2,000 in value) by Journey On Air
Our Tourism Accelerator Program 2023 ($2,000 in value) will help promote the exposure of your products to the domestic and international tourist community and bring in at least 500 potential customers.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Apple is looking into claims by a number of AirPods owners that the audio accessories have connectivity issues, with the Bluetooth connection temporarily dropping during phone calls, yet not during music playback.
A thread in Apple's Support Communities lists customers who have witnessed the problem, to varying degrees. Some users found the AirPods will drop calls on a frequent basis, ranging from once an hour to every minute, but in the majority of cases, podcast or music played through AirPods works fine with only occasional drops.
The problem also appears largely limited to the iPhone 6s and the iPhone 6s Plus, with some also reporting it occurring on the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus. On the other hand, some users on the support forums note that connectivity issues cleared up when they upgraded to an iPhone 7-family device.
A few of the forum posts indicated an Apple Watch was connected to the iPhone when the AirPods, suggesting that may be making the situation worse, but others indicate the problem still occurs when an Apple Watch isn't present.
AppleInsider attempted to recreate the issue using AirPods and an iPhone 6s Plus, both with and without an Apple Watch, but failed to get similar results -- but with only one set of AirPods and one iPhone 6s Plus available, this is not a conclusive result. When an assortment of other Bluetooth headphones and speakers were tested with the same iPhone 6s Plus, dropped calls sporadically took place suggesting a possible issue not specifically related to the AirPods.
Some support forum users have reported speaking to Apple Engineering over the issue, replicating the problem for staff, and supplying device logs for further investigation.
MacRumors noted on Monday that Apple was investigating connectivity problems, but it is not clear if Apple is doing anything more to determine if there is a larger problem with the device, than it normally undertakes on a day-to-day basis.
"We always examine service trends to see if there's specific incompatibilities with our products, and we are aware of the complaints from a small proportion of iPhone 6+ owners," a representative from Apple told us. "At this time there's nothing to report."
Bluetooth connectivity with audio devices has been a sporadic issue for iOS in the past, with changes to the Bluetooth protocol in a previous iOS update in December 2015 causing problems with some in-car audio systems and hearing aids. In many cases, device owners were able to get firmware updates from the manufacturers that updated the onboard Bluetooth software to bring it in line with current protocols. Other issues were resolved with the iOS 10 update.
Connectivity issues were reportedly behind the delays in the AirPods release, with problems keeping audio synchronized between the left and right parts causing a disorienting experience.
For Apple's own hardware, the company has created the W1 chip to improve Bluetooth connectivity. The AirPods and more recent Beats wireless headphones use the chip for a simplified pairing process and an improved audio performance, as well as extending the usable range between the accessories and the music source.
AirPod-gate! Worse than exploding Sammy Notes because Apple!
This is definitely a problem.
AirPods disconnect from phone calls.
One workaround to the phone-disconnect problems seems to be using only ONE AirPod during a phone call. This decreases the disconnects.
I'm not badmouthing AirPods; I love the vision and the convenience. But we also need to be honest and transparent about the shortcomings of v1 so that Apple engineers can continue improving them.
Right, but have you reported your problem to Apple?
I am on my 2nd pair. 1st pair, dropped calls & music (streaming). Dealt with customer service & escalated to engineers. Results, Apple emailed Fedex label, nextday to airpods to apple engineers. And within 2 to 3 weeks, received new pair. It's been 3 weeks, so far so good. I have iphone 6s.
AirPods are for people that don't care how dorky they look wearing them. There was a time in my youth when I spotted small kids wearing those special eye glasses I later found out were important to help them correct their vision the way braces can help straighten you teeth and improve your bite. I can't get past that impression when seeing images of people (never seen a live person with them on) wearing AirPods. If a young male or female model perfectly lit, styled and photographed looks foolish how will the rest of us fair in the real world. Apple you dropped the cool ball on this one, big.
This has nothing to do with Airpods. I have the exact same issue with both Airpods and Beats Solo 3. Both of them disconnect from calls, music, whatever they're playing. Usually a couple times an hour. Then reconnect after 10 seconds or so. Amazing how these issues go unreported for months despite that they're obviously very widespread.
Yes. I visited the Genius Bar of my local Apple Store (Virginia). They agreed to give me a replacement set of AirPods when they get more in-stock.
I predict the new set of AirPods will have identical problems, but replacing them is a necessary step to eliminate the possibility of a manufacturing problem with my specific set.
I have experienced the same issues (6S + apple watch + apple battery case). I do enjoy my AirPods but the blips during playback are kind of annoying, but the drops during business calls are REALLY annoying. I also notice that there's a delay in connecting (or sometimes doesn't connect at all) when I have snap chat open and i pop an AirPod in my ear. Still like the overall product but hopefully they can iron out these issues.
Actually, that's complete BS. What they look like is -- EarPods without wires.
I wear them every day at the gym, and the only comments I've gotten are curiosity and mild wonder "Oh, cool..." usually followed by "Do those only work on the new iPhone?"
You're likely not seeing many of them because they're extremely supply constrained for reasons we'll likely never know. Just like the Watch, when they mass production has kicked into high gear you'll see them all over the place. I see the Watch on randoms every single day.
"Dropped the ball" LOL. There's a reason they continue to sell as fast as Apple can make them. You apparently would be self-conscious about wearing them, but tens of millions of people have apparently decided that you "look like a dork" whether you are wearing Beats or Bose cans, Bragi plugs or the regular Earbuds. It's just what people get used to. Folks are used to seeing other people with cords hanging out of their ears, can's stuck on the heads, etc. When the Earbuds came out, people laughed at the bright white things hanging out of your ears with long bright white cords dangling from your ears and now from their initial ads and ubiquity, they are seen as normal, even hip to many. Apple is adding the W-1 to its Beats line and will undoubtedly add different models, colors, etc., but when they are selling tens of millions of them, it sounds silly to say that the Airpods are a big miss.
BTW, Apple is now the largest seller of wireless headphones in the world, and has 60% of the world wide market for premium headphones.
I pre-ordered mine when they first came out (so first shipment) and I haven't had hardly any issues with my iPhone 7 and  Watch (1st gen). There is the very rare drop and then reconnect (both with music and on voice calls), but it is far superior to any other bluetooth headphone I have tried. Yes, I get the odd stare but once I explain what they are folks are intrigued and usually ask me lots of questions. I find they also work well on airplanes (I usually use a Bose QC15, but I'm pleased with using AirPods).
I'm sure everyone on this forum knows this, but when all else fails always power down and then power up all of the connected devices as a first step to any problem.
Have you seen a dead person using AirPods?
No problems with mine. Love them. One of the best products ever. I use them with a 6S. No dropped calls. Very rare dyschrony between channels or channel dropping especially when I first put them on but it self-resolves wonderfully. Best bluetooth product ever.
It is making me want to get an Apple Watch so I can control the volume without Siri or taking my phone out of my pocket.
I experienced the same issues with my 6s Plus, they were pretty much unusable on phone calls. Updated to 10.3 beta and issue was resolved instantly. I'm now loving them! I feel like they are honestly the perfect companion to my Apple Watch as I use it to adjust volume and skip songs instead of using Siri option.
Hopefully issue will be resolved for everyone soon.
The Apple Forum page is now 37 pages long, but with many people finding that the more Bluetooth devices you have active, the more likely this issue is to occur.
Once dead certain way of replicating this issue is if you're running the app "Tile", which maintains a Bluetooth connection to each and every Tile you own. I have 6 tiles, so that's 6 active Bluetooth connections, vying for priority against my AirPods (with a much stronger signal, as I can detect a Tile from 50 metres).
Fortunately, in the Tile app, you can go into settings (via the small cog icon) and turn off Bluetooth. Obviously this renders the app completely redundant, but you should then find the phone audio magically reappears (unless you've got a bunch of other Bluetooth devices simultaneously connected).
I don't really understand why the non-audio Tile devices interfere with AirPods... can iOS prioritize devices? Could the tile app relinquish connections and only activate them periodically?


From the moment that your child makes its first steps, he or she is already bound to experience some tumbles. While you can't keep your child from getting hurt, there are lots of ways that you can do to make him or her journey a bit more comfortable.
Here are some of the best techniques for treating wounds, stocking an emergency treatment pack, and calming your kid so you can soothe and heal any boo-boo fast.
Act Fast: Tell your youngster to sit upright, but do not tilt his or her head back. Try to loosen any tight apparel or clothing around his or her neck. Pinch or Squeeze the lower end of him or her nose near the nostrils to apply pressure. Do this for five to ten minutes.
Continuity of Care: If the bleeding is due to trauma, you can reduce the swelling by applying a pack of ice against the nose until the bleeding slows down. If you can't stop the bleeding, call your physician or go to the E.R. to check if there's a broken bone.
Act Fast: Act right away by applying a wet, cold towel to the affected area until the pain eases off. Cover any blisters with gauze or dressing. Call a physician immediately when the burns are severe on the hands, face, or in the private parts.
If you see that the burn appears deep, the color of the skin will be brown or white and dry. It is safer to go automatically to the E.R or call 911 and wait until the health team arrives.
Continuity of Care: Don't pop any rankles by yourself. If ever the skin tears, administer an anti-infection cream and provide cover to the affected area with gauze or dressing until it heals. Always look for any signs of swelling, tenderness, redness, or any indications of infection to avoid the injury from getting worse.
Act Fast: If you see some bleeding, the first thing you need to do is apply pressure to the affected area using a clean material like cloth or cotton until the bleeding stops. Hold the pressure for about three to fifteen minutes. Clean the wound with lukewarm water and tenderly pat it dry. When an injury is dirty and messy or caused by an animal scratch, wash it with water and gently lather with cleanser.
Apply a thin layer of antibiotic (like Neosporin or Bacitracin) if the skin is wounded deeply, and cover it with cloth or bandage and to avoid infections. If the bleeding doesn't stop after using direct pressure, you can always call 911 go directly to E.R (Emergency Room).
You can also dab an antibiotic and dress a new bandage twice a day if it's severe or deep until the cut heals. If it would still appear to be depleting or swollen, consult a doctor immediately to prevent infection as soon as possible. After the injury heals, slather on SPF 30 until it begins to fade.
Act Fast: Use a cleanser, water, and soap to wash and clean the affected area. Clean the affected area by rubbing it with liquor and gradually haul the splinter out through a tweezer. Clean the skin once more. If the splinter is difficult to remove, just keep the area clean for a day and wait till it comes out.
If your youngster accidentally steps on a tiny fragment of glass debris, and have difficulty removing it, slowly wrap and roll up a clean fabric around the affected area and go to the emergency room and have an X-ray taken.
Continuity of Care: If you see that the fragment is not out after a couple of days and is causing torment to your kid, have a specialist to remove it properly.
If you are still not with these simple tips and ideas, you can always visit some trusted sites like Deal Wiki to buy some things that you need like an emergency kit.
Takeaway: Each parent needs an all-around supplied unit at home. Emergency kits for your house are handy to hold and prevent an extensive variety of accidents in your house. Home treatment can help mitigate swelling and harming the skin or scalp and the pain that comes with injuries.
By following these tips, you already have the idea on what to do if your child has injuries. If you do not know what you're doing, always ask some help to the experts.
Author Bio: Yassi Parrish is a freelance blogger and a health enthusiast by nature. She has an intense devotion to a regular exercise every day. She also loves to share her knowledge about having a healthy lifestyle. Yassi is familiar with Deal Wiki because it is one of her trusted sites when it comes to the needs of her family.


We accept MasterCard, Visa, American Express, Diners Club and Discover credit cards. Your credit card will not be charged until your order is dispatched.
If you send back one or more items, the corresponding value of goods will be refunded to the credit card from which you made the payment.
Your credit card information is SSL-encrypted. These high security standards allow you to buy at Zalando securely using your credit card.
Verified by VISA, MasterCard SecureCode, American Express SafeKey and Diners Club International ProtectBuy enable particularly secure handling of credit card transactions over the Internet using special encryption methods.
You don't need any special software on your computer for this. You will be automatically taken through to the payment process on your bank's website. Please follow the steps indicated to complete your order.
If payment by credit card is not offered for your order, please have a look on the article about the availability of payment methods.


This page contains public records information for Dare County, North Carolina. You can browse the resources above for a full listing of Dare County public records resources.
Want to take a look at RecordsPedia's breakdown on crime numbers for Dare County? Click the Crime Statistics tab at the top of the webpage to see charts and graphs for Dare County, North Carolina.
With 33,584 residents and 33 cities (Kill Devil Hills being the biggest), Dare County is the 67th largest county in the State of North Carolina, and ranks 1320th by population in the country.
RecordsPedia has 434 public records resources for Dare County, North Carolina. 24 of these were found at the county level, 183 of these are for the State of North Carolina, and 227 are US and International resources, which may pertain to Dare County.


text:
Q: Dimension of pro-$p$ group
Problem. Let $G$ be a pro-$p$ group of finite rank. Prove that
  $$\mathrm{dim}(G) = \lim_{k \to \infty}\frac{\log_{p}|G:G^{p^k}|}{k}.$$

By definition
$$\mathrm{dim}(G) = \mathrm{d}(H)$$
where $H$ is any open uniform subgroup of $G$ ($\mathrm{d}(H)$ denotes the minimal cardinality of a set of generators for $H$).
Suppose $\mathrm{rk}(G) = r$. So, there is $H \leq G$ powerful open normal. Define $H_{i} = P_{i}(H)$ ($P_{i}(H)$ denotes the lower $p$-series). Then $|H:H_{2}| \leq p^{r}$ and so, $|H:H_{k+1}| \leq p^{kr}$. But $H_{k+1} = H^{p^k}$ and so,
$$|G:G^{p^k}| \leq |G:H^{p^k}| \leq |G:H||H:H^{p^k}| \leq |G:H|p^{kr}.$$
Since $G$ is pro-$p$ and $H \leq G$ is open normal, then $|G:H| = p^{s}$. Then
$$|G:G^{p^k}| \leq p^{rk+s} \Longrightarrow \log_{p}|G:G^{p^k}|\leq rk+s \Longrightarrow \frac{\log_{p}|G:G^{p^k}|}{k} \leq r+\frac{s}{k},$$
then,
$$\lim_{k \to \infty}\frac{\log_{p}|G:G^{p^k}|}{k} \leq r.$$
By definition $\mathrm{rk}(G) = \sup\{\mathrm{d}(H) \mid H \leq_{o} G\}$, so $\mathrm{dim}(G) \leq r$.

Now my questions:

*

*Is possible to show that $\mathrm{dim}(G) = r$?

*If yes, how can I show that
$$\lim_{k \to \infty}\frac{\log_{p}|G:G^{p^k}|}{k} = r?$$

I don't know if this idea works. If no, I appreciate alternative approaches.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


bal|lade «buh LAHD, ba-», noun.
1. a poem typically having three stanzas of eight or ten lines each, followed by an envoy of half the stanza length. The last line of each stanza and of the envoy are the same, and the same rhyme pattern recurs in each stanza.
2. an instrumental composition without a strict formal design, often of a sentimental character and written for the piano or orchestra.


text:
What Made Gene Wilder Unforgettable
ZANY ANGEL
Indelible from the first moment he appeared on a movie screen, the late comic actor lit up not only the films in which he appeared but the hearts of his audiences as well.
Malcolm Jones
Updated Jul. 12, 2017 8:10PM ET / Published Aug. 29, 2016 5:38PM ET
ZUMA Press, Inc./Alamy
I remember precisely when I first saw Gene Wilder. I can't say that about very many performers. But Wilder was unforgettable. To make it even more impressive, he appeared in a movie that would have easily been unforgettable without him: Bonnie and Clyde. You want more? I bet he wasn't on screen for more than five minutes.
Wilder, who died Monday at 83 of complications from Alzheimer's, played a very minor character named Eugene Grizzard. Along with his girlfriend, Velma, he gets taken on a joy ride by Bonnie and Clyde, a ride that ends abruptly when the outlaws discover his occupation: undertaker.
GALLERY: Remembering Gene Wilder's Most Memorable Roles (PHOTOS)
It's a darkly funny scene but what makes it work is that weirdly lighter-than-air quality that Wilder brought to everything he did on screen. You always had the feeling that he could float away at any time, like a goofy angel. But at the same time, he seemed so real: Yes, a clueless undertaker from the sticks with his "what could possibly go wrong" attitude would probably behave just the way Wilder did when arm-twisted into the bonhomie of cruising with murderous outlaws.
Apparently a lot of people in Hollywood agreed, because after that he didn't play too many supporting roles. And the next time I saw him, in Mel Brooks's The Producers, he was even more impressive, not just because he was one of the stars, but because he was co-starring with Zero Mostel, an actor who dominated not just the room he was in at any give moment but every room for blocks around. But Wilder held his own through some mixture of that soufflé-like personality and a kind of zen charm that allowed chaos to swirl about him without ever engulfing him.
Perhaps that was what drew Brooks to Wilder—that unquenchable, nutty innocence that was, contradictorily, always a kind of knowing innocence, but with no trace of cynicism. Wilder appeared in all the movies that account for Brooks's hottest streak (The Producers, Blazing Saddles, and Young Frankenstein), and while Wilder isn't the funniest thing in those movies, he's not supposed to be. But he's not exactly just the straight man either. Instead, he's always our link into the manic worlds that Brooks creates—the still point around which the craziness spins. You got the feeling, while watching him, that you would probably react the way he was reacting. If he panicked, yes, that was the time to panic. If he was calm, then calmness was what was called for. Even in Brooks's universe, Wilder seemed more or less sane, and always very human.
Was there any darkness in him? Willy Wonka is pretty dark, though it deliberately masks the darkness with a blithe cheeriness that hides the knifelike spirit lurking just below the sugary surface. And what better repository for that cheeriness than Wilder? Here, as always, he conveys the idea that all is well, even when it isn't. And yes, he's more knowing here than in most of his roles, but he never seems evil or malignant, not even for a moment. If you wanted someone to pass judgment on your greedy, gluttonous soul, wouldn't you choose Gene Wilder as your exterminating angel?
All of this comes under the heading of acting, of course. Wilder did genuinely inhabit whatever role he took on. Eugene the undertaker is not Willy Wonka, who is not Victor Frankenstein. And yet, there was a spirit in all those characters that unites them. And that fizzy, zany spirit, we must conclude, was Wilder's own. The angelic goof who could make you smile even when there was nothing obvious to smile about—that was purely Gene Wilder, a man who lit up a movie screen in a unique way that has no equal. In the face of his death, all that's left to say is that we were lucky to have him as long as we did.


text:
Willie Nelson & Waylon Jennings Team Up For CLASSIC Pizza Hut Stuffed Crust Commercial
Josh Turner Releases New Version Of "Forever And Ever, Amen" Featuring The Great Randy Travis
Josh Turner's new Country State Of Mind record is finally here and without a shadow of a doubt, it was well worth the wait.
The new album features covers from Josh's country music heroes: Randy Travis, John Anderson, Johnny Cash, Vern Gosdin and Hank Williams.
"I've always said that any song you hear coming from my voice, you're going to hear bits and pieces of those five guys… They taught me how to be Josh Turner."
With covers of the aforementioned heroes, along with covers Alan Jackson, George Strait, Hank Jr., George Jones and more, the record also features a newly recorded duet of "Forever And Ever Amen," featuring country icon Randy Travis. This new performance was Randy's first trip into the vocal booth since his stroke in 2013.
"Randy has always been my hero. He was the reason I wanted to become a country singer… He's an inspiring figure, not just to me but to a lot of people, so to have him sing on this record is pretty special."
If you're looking for a rock solid country album, look no further.
Country MusicFeaturedJosh TurnerRandy TravisVideo


text:
Pinterest Catches Up With Twitter, Digital Divide Shrinks
Pinterest has practically caught up with Twitter, with 15 percent and 16 percent of adult U.S. Internet users on each network, respectively. Pinterest, which launched in 2009, has experienced explosive growth, especially with a white, female and affluent user base. Women are five times more likely to use Pinterest (5 percent vs. 25 percent) and almost twice as likely to be white and college-educated. It's become a magnet for hip urbanites searching for the hottest wedding gowns and apartment decor. Twitter, however, gets a lot more attention, since neither presidential campaigns nor Middle Eastern activists are leveraging style catalogs to rearrange their countries' political leadership.
There is no longer a minority gap in social media use. The surveyed groups (whites, Hispanics, and African-Americans) hover around 68 percent of total adults. Almost twice as many African-Americans (26 percent) use Twitter as whites (14 percent). The disproportionate African-American use of Twitter has fascinated culture commentators and scholars. One study found that African-Americans in celebrity news strongly predicted their Twitter use. Former web editor of the The Onion, Baratunde Thurston, hypothesized that "there's a long oral dissing tradition in black communities," explaining, "Twitter works very naturally with that call-and-response tradition — it's so short, so economical, and you get an instant signal validating the quality of your contribution."
Ironically, not using social media may be an elite thing. Those with a college degree are slightly less likely than those with some college to use social networks (69 percent vs. 65 percent). While the difference isn't statistically significant, at least one study verified the trend among educated users to ditch Facebook for moral, political or cultural reasons. "Many Facebook refusers actually revel in their difference from the mainstream, seeing it as a mark of distinction, superior taste, and identification with an elite social stratum," said New York University Professor Laura Portwood-Stacer.
Hipsters find it too mainstream and others find their privacy policies troublesome. In other words, not using social media is likely a product of more education, not a lack of access.


From the get go, I was marked as "the kid in class who could draw the best." But I struggled academically, so there seemed no choice but to pursue art in college. Twenty years later, I tried to get a Washington DC gallery to represent my work, but they said I was "all over the place" in subject matter and media. In essence, I didn't have a theme that was marketable.
But I do have a theme – "all over the place." I'm a restless experimenter. Perhaps not worthy of a gallery, my works on paper, if nothing else, make an appetizing website menu item.
Click on any image to enlarge. Details about each photograph are at the bottom of the page.
"Taos Pueblo:" The incredible structures at Taos Pueblo gave me the inspiration to dig into a Cubist-style depiction with this charcoal abstract.
"New Mexico Landscape:" An even further breakdown of the southwest landscape.
"Fins, Black and White:" More Cubist-style breakdown, this time of the rock formations I encountered while traveling through Arches National Park in Utah.
"Fins in Color:" After the "Fins" study was done in black and white, I went to color.
"Ranchos de Taos:" Basically, a study juxtaposing a timeless native American structure with contemporary, fleeting ones.
"Orchestra at Ground Level:" My fascination with musicians carried over from individual performers to orchestras. This study was best captured in a limited number or color inks.
"Black Paint Palette:" Gazing down one day at the various black pigments spread over my paint palette inspired me to create another painting, this ink composition of what the palette looked like.
"Caps-Maple Leafs' Bench:" One of my first forays into using markers, capturing a frozen moment in time between the Washington Capitals and Toronto Maple Leafs.
"The Net:" Moving on to a more photorealistic approach with markers.
"Maureen:" One of my first satisfying portraits, thanks to a great art teacher, and a special classmate who chose to model in my high school art class.
You're approach to art – all over the place – is kind of like my approach to blogging.
Thanks, Walt. They are like my 'first true love,' way back when, wow, I mean a really long time ago. And these posted here aren't the half of them. Took forever just to get these dusted off and on line. You have rekindled thoughts about posting more. Like you, I guess I was born to be all over the place from the start.
These are fabulous! I think I like the pueblo best. Or maybe the orchestra. Or maybe…hmm. They are all good. Let's see some more!


text:
Het Brits-Indisch leger was de krijgsmacht van Brits-Indië tot de opdeling van het land in 1947. Het leger werd meestal aangeduid met de naam Indian Army. Het leger vervulde op verschillende momenten een belangrijke rol, niet alleen in India zelf, maar ook daarbuiten, met name tijdens de Eerste Wereldoorlog en Tweede Wereldoorlog. In Brits-Indië was het leger verantwoordelijk voor de verdediging van het Britse grondgebied, maar ook van vorstendommen die onder de Engelse protectie vielen.

Het Brits-Indische leger werd in 1895 gevormd uit drie bestaande legers, namelijk de Bengal Army, de Madras Army en de Bombay Army. Deze legers waren in de 18e en 19e eeuw in het leven geroepen door de Britse Oost-Indische Compagnie, maar vielen vanaf 1857 na de muiterij op Muiterij van Sepoy direct onder het bewind van de Britse kroon. De Indian Army mag niet verward worden met de Army of India. De Army van India bestond uit twee onderdelen, namelijk de Indian Army, bestaande uit soldaten afkomstig uit India, en uit de British Army in India, dat vooral bestond uit militairen geboren in het Verenigd Koninkrijk en direct onderdeel uitmaakte van het Britse leger.

Voorlopers
De voorlopers van het Brits-Indische leger vochten mee in de volgende oorlogen:
 Eerste Anglo-Burmese Oorlog (1823-1826)
 Tweede Anglo-Burmese Oorlog (1852-1853)
 Derde Anglo-Burmese Oorlog (1885-1886)
 Eerste Sikhoorlog (1845-1846)
 Tweede Sikhoorlog (1848-1849)
 Eerste Anglo-Afghaanse Oorlog (1839-1842)
 Tweede Anglo-Afghaanse Oorlog (1878-1881)
 Eerste Opiumoorlog (1839-1843)
 Tweede Opiumoorlog (1856-1860)
 Expeditie naar Abyssinië (1867-1868)

Organisatie
Het leger van de Oost-Indische Compagnie werd vooral gevormd door moslims die afkomstig waren uit de deelstaat Bengalen en hindoes van de hogere kasten uit Awadh, een regio in de provincie Uttar Pradesh. In 1857 sloot een groot deel van deze troepen zich aan bij de opstand met als doel de Mogolkeizer Bahadur Shah II aan het bewind te krijgen. Hun deelname aan de opstand was deels een gevolg van de slechte behandeling die zij kregen van de Britse officieren. Na de opstand werden de troepen van het leger geworven uit verschillende etnische groepen, met name de Rajputs, Sikhs, Gurkhas, Pashtuns, Garhwalis, Mohyals, Dogras, Jats en de Balochis.

Het hoofd van het leger was de Commander-in-Chief van India, die direct viel onder de Gouverneur-Generaal van India. Hoge posities in het Indian Army brachten minder prestige met zich mee dan een hoge positie in het Britse leger, maar ze werden wel aanzienlijk beter betaald. Britse officieren in het Indian Army werden geacht te taal te (leren) spreken van hun manschappen, in de meeste gevallen Hindi. De belangrijkste taak van het leger was om de Noordwestgrens te verdedigen in het geval van een aanval van Rusland via Afghanistan, de binnenlandse veiligheid waarborgen en deelnemen aan expeditielegers in de regio rond de Indische oceaan.

Officieren met een Indische achtergrond konden dezelfde rang halen als officieren met een Britse achtergrond. Wel hadden de rangen een andere naam. Zo was een Subedar hetzelfde als een kapitein en een Jemadar hetzelfde als een luitenant. Zij mochten echter alleen leiding geven aan Indische troepen en waren ondergeschikt aan Britse officieren. Werving ging op basis van vrijwilligheid. In de Eerste Wereldoorlog diende ongeveer 1,3 miljoen soldaten en in de Tweede Wereldoorlog meer dan 2,5 miljoen.

Het Brits-Indische leger was verdeeld in vier commando's, het noordelijke, het oostelijke, het zuidelijke en het westelijke commando. In 1903 werden er acht divisies gevormd. Ook bleven er afdelingen bestaan die ondersteuning boden aan de lokale bestuurders, bijvoorbeeld in het geval van rellen of een (dreigende) opstand. Er was een school voor officieren in Quetta. Een van de eerste conflicten waar het nieuw gevormde leger bij betrokken raakte was de Bokseropstand in China van 1899 tot 1901.

Eerste Wereldoorlog

In 1914, voor het uitbreken van de Eerste Wereldoorlog, had het leger een omvang van 155.000 manschappen. Een negende divisie was inmiddels al wel gevormd. Aan het einde van de oorlog was het leger gegroeid tot 573.000 manschappen. Een legerdivisie bestond uit drie brigades, bestaande uit vier bataljons. Drie van deze bataljons waren gevuld met Indiërs, en het vierde met Britten. Een bataljon bestond vaak uit soldaten van één etnische groep, maar de verschillende bataljons binnen een divisie bestonden weer uit verschillende etnische groepen. Het Brits-Indische leger had de beschikking over slechts een paar artillerieafdelingen Er waren wel verschillende genieafdelingen.

Voor de oorlog had de Indische regering besloten dat er twee infanteriedivisies en één cavalerie-brigade konden worden geleverd in het geval van een Europese oorlog. Uiteindelijk werden er vier divisies gestuurd, die samen het Indian Corps en het Indian Cavalry Corps vormden. In totaal zouden meer dan 140.000 manschappen dienen aan het Westfront in Frankrijk en België, waarvan 90.000 daadwerkelijk betrokken waren bij de gevechten. De andere 50.000 manschappen hadden ondersteunende functies. De Indische regering vond dat het sturen van meer troepen uiteindelijk te grote gevolgen zou hebben voor de binnenlandse veiligheid. De verschillende vorstendommen leverden ook troepen, in totaal 21.000. Zij vochten mee onder de naam Imperial Service en waren vooral actief in de campagne waarbij de Sinaï en Palestina werden veroverd.

In het begin van de oorlog sneuvelden veel Britse officieren. Dit had gevolgen voor het functioneren van het leger, want Britse officieren die de taal spraken, de gewoonten en psychologie van de Indiërs kende, konden niet makkelijk vervangen worden. Daarnaast had de vreemde westerse omgeving een negatieve invloed op sommige soldaten. Door de verliezen moest het leger zich in 1915 terug trekken van het front. Het Indian Corps werd in 1915 verscheept naar het Midden-Oosten en vocht daar voornamelijk tegen de Turken.

Interbellum
Aan het einde van de oorlog waren er 47.746 Indiërs omgekomen of vermist. 65.126 waren gewond geraakt. In totaal zouden er 13.000 onderscheidingen worden uitgereikt, 12 soldaten ontvingen het Victoria Cross, de hoogst mogelijke onderscheiding.
Na de Eerste Wereldoorlog nam het Brits-Indische leger deel aan de burgeroorlog in de Sovjet-Unie. In datzelfde jaar vocht het leger in de Derde Anglo-Afghaanse Oorlog. In de nasleep van de Eerste Wereldoorlog werd de Indian Territorial Force en de Auxilliary Force. Deze afdelingen waren een soort van Nationale Reserve. De officieren van de Indian Territorial Force hadden meestal een Europese achtergrond, terwijl de meeste soldaten een Indische achtergrond hadden. De soldaten van de Auxilliary Force hadden vooral een Europese achtergrond.

Na de oorlog werd er ook gestart met de ver-Indisering van het leger. Veel Indische officieren ontvingen hun opleiding aan de Royal Military Academy Sandhurst en kregen dezelfde bevoegdheden als Britse officieren met dezelfde rang. Sommigen van hen werden voor een deel van hun carrière ook bij afdelingen van het Britse leger geplaatst. Vanaf 1932 ontvingen de meeste Indische officieren hun opleiding aan de nieuw gestichte Indian Military Academy in Dehradun.

Tweede Wereldoorlog

Ten tijde van het uitbreken van de Tweede Wereldoorlog bestond het Brits-Indische leger uit 205.000 manschappen. Tijdens de oorlog zou ze uitgroeien tot een leger met een omvang van meer dan 2,5 miljoen manschappen. Er werden 23 infanteriedivisies gevormd die samen verschillende legerkorpsen vormden. Ook werden er twee pantserdivisies en een airborne-divisie gevormd, evenals verschillende andere legerafdelingen. Het Brits-Indische leger had een zekere onafhankelijkheid. Zo maakte het Brits-Indische leger bijvoorbeeld gebruik als machinegeweer van de Vickers-Berthier, terwijl het Britse leger de Brengun gebruikte. Tijdens de oorlog verloren 87.000 Indische soldaten het leven. Dertig werden er gedecoreerd met Victoria Cross.

Veldslagen
Indische troepen vochten in de volgende operaties mee:
 Oost-Afrikaanse Veldtocht
 Noord-Afrikaanse Veldtocht:
Operatie Compass
Operatie Battleaxe
Operatie Crusader
Eerste Slag bij El Alamein
Tweede Slag bij El Alamein
 Anglo-Iraakse Oorlog
 Veldtocht in Syrië-Libanon
 Brits-Sovjetse invasie van Iran
 Italiaanse Veldtocht:
Slag om Monte Cassino
 Slag om Hong Kong
 Slag om Malaya
 Slag om Singapore
 Campagne in Burma:
Slag om Kohima
Slag om Imphal

Overlopers
De Duitsers en Japanners waren relatief succesvol met het werven van strijdkrachten onder de Indiasche krijgsgevangenen. Zij vormden samen het Tiger Legion en de Indian National Army. Dit werd geleid door de Indiasche nationalistische leider Subhash Chandra Bose. Bij de Slag om Malaya en de Slag om Singapore werden 55.000 Indiërs krijgsgevangen genomen. Dertigduizend van hen maakte de overstap naar het Indian National Army en vochten tegen de Britten in de Burma-campagne. Andere waren bewaker in kampen voor krijgsgevangenen. Andere gevangengenomen Indiërs die weigerden voor de Japanners te vechten werden naar Nieuw-Guinea verscheept en moesten daar dwangarbeid verrichten. Ongeveer zesduizend van hen overleefden dit en werden in de periode van 1943 tot 1945 bevrijd door Australische en Amerikaanse strijdkrachten.

Deling van Brits-Indië
Met de opdeling van Brits-Indië in 1947 hield ook het Brits-Indische leger op te bestaan. De middelen, de eenheden, het personeel en het wapentuig werd verdeel tussen India en het Dominion van Pakistan. Twee derde daarvan ging naar India en een derde naar Pakistan. Vier Gurkharegimenten, het 2e, 6e, 7e en 10e Gurkha Rifles regiment, voegden zich bij het Britse leger op 1 januari 1948. Zij vormden de Gurkhabrigade en werden op Malakka (het schiereiland van Maleisië) gestationeerd. Zes Gurkha-regimenten traden toe tot het leger van India. Het 1e bataljon van Somerset Light Infantry verliet op 28 februari 1948 als laatste onderdeel van het Britse leger India. Veel moslims die deel uitmaakten van het Brits-Indische leger voegden zich bij het leger van Pakistan. Honderden Britse officieren dienden door een gebrek aan leidinggeven nog tot in de jaren vijftig in het leger van Pakistan. Kort na de opdeling stonden voormalige eenheden van het Brits-Indische leger al tegenover elkaar tijdens de Eerste Kasjmiroorlog.

Veel van de gebruiken en tradities van het Brits-Indische leger werden voortgezet in het leger van Pakistan, het leger van India, en in een later stadium, het leger van Bangladesh.

Brits-Indië

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Guests on this week's episode of The Jonathan Ross Show are Paul Whitehouse, Ray Winstone, Cate Blanchett, Jack Black, Joanna Lumley and Ashley Banjo.
In the clip, star of Diversity, Ashley Banjo teaches Jonathan and US actor, Jack Black, how to take part in the latest dance craze, Flossing.
Paul Whitehouse then jumps up to show himself flossing... with some dental floss!


This is a placeholder page for Shiela Billings, which means this person is not currently on this site. We do suggest using the tools below to find Shiela Billings.
You are visiting the placeholder page for Shiela Billings. This page is here because someone used our placeholder utility to look for Shiela Billings. We created this page automatically in hopes Shiela Billings would find it. If you are not Shiela Billings, but are an alumni of Havre De Grace High School, register on this site for free now.


Open Registration begins 3/11 @ 9am, click here for more details!
Gatherings are our small groups ministry, click here to look at specific groups and times!
Wednesday Night Bible Club is our program for kids ages 3-5th grade. Come join us as we dig into God's Word, and learn about prayer and worship! Wednesdays, 6:30-8pm See you then!
Youth service for grades 6-12 meets Wednesday nights 6:30-8pm.
Don't miss our Sunday morning Gatherings - at 9am, Adult Bible Fellowship meets, as well as 4 age-appropriate kids' classes (3yrs-8th grade)!


Reading a book about people who have Aphasia can help us understand what it means to live with aphasia. Here you have 5 good examples.
A compelling exploration of aphasia - the loss of language - as well as of the resilience of love. This personal account of one couple's experiences will be of interest to all those who want to know more about aphasia and related conditions.
In this memoir, Diane Ackerman opens a window into the experience of wordlessness. In narrating the recovery of her husband, Paul West, from a stroke that reduced his vast vocabulary to a single syllable, she evokes the joy and mystery of the brain's ability to find and connect words.
A Mind of My Own is a true story of one woman"s recovery from traumatic brain damage following a motorcycle accident in Greece. Facing far more than broken bones and physical impairments, this classical antiquity professor had lost what was most important to her: her ability to successfully use language.
The Diving Bell and the Butterfly (Le Scaphandre et le Papillon) is a memoir by journalist Jean-Dominique Bauby. It describes what his life is like after suffering a massive stroke that left him with locked-in syndrome. It also details what his life was like before the stroke.
Jill Bolte Tayor was a 37-year old neuroanatomist when she experienced a massive stroke that severely damaged the left hemisphere of her brain. My Stroke of Insight is her account of what happened that day, her subsequent 8-year recovery, and how these events changed her life for the better.


text:
Satori v Paříži je krátký román amerického spisovatele Jacka Kerouaca.

Kerouac tuto knihu napsal v roce 1966 ve Francii, kde pátral po původu rodinného jména. To také krátce popsal v této knize. Satori je původně japonský výraz užívaný v zenového buddhismu pro "probuzení".

Česky vyšla kniha poprvé roku 1994. Podruhé o deset let později pak ve společném svazku s dalším Keroucovým poměrně krátkým románem Mag.

Knihy z roku 1966
Americké romány
Díla Jacka Kerouaca
Literární díla odehrávající se v Paříži


text:
Q: Android: Adding a View underneath a TabActivity So I have a tab activity with 2 tabs. Underneath these I would like to have a second view.
At the moment I can put the view at the end but it still overlaps with whatever is at the end of the currently visible tab. Does anyone have an idea of how to get the second view beneath the tabs rather than overlap the end of their content?
So for example if the view is just a textview, my layout looks like this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent">

    <TabHost android:id="@android:id/tabhost"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent">

        <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/linearLayout"
            android:orientation="vertical"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent">

            <TabWidget android:id="@android:id/tabs"
                android:layout_width="fill_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

            <FrameLayout android:id="@android:id/tabcontent"
                android:layout_width="fill_parent"
                android:layout_height="fill_parent"/>

        </LinearLayout>
    </TabHost>

    <RelativeLayout android:id="@+id/InnerRelativeLayout"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true">

        <TextView android:id="@+id/EndView"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="At the end of the screen"/>

        </RelativeLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

A: Use android:below="@id/tabhost":
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent">
    <TabHost ...>
        ...
    </TabHost>

    <RelativeLayout android:id="@+id/InnerRelativeLayout"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:below="@id/tabhost"><!-- LOOK HERE  -->

        <TextView android:id="@+id/EndView"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="At the end of the screen"/>

        </RelativeLayout>
</RelativeLayout>


text:
Take Stock in Children helps students achieve success
Shelley Waters
Take stock in children. They are the future, our most valuable resource. In Alachua County we have an equity problem, an achievement gap and the graduation rate needs improvement.
The phrase came to life in 1996 when the Education Foundation of Alachua County founded its Take Stock in Children program. It has a proven track record of helping at-risk, low socioeconomic status students achieve success in a very personal way.
The 2020 class of Take Stock in Children boasted a graduation rate of 100%, and all 61 seniors received college acceptance. The program works.
Tim Miles is a great success story. He joined TSIC in 7th grade when Scherwin Henry became his mentor.
Miles is a recent Florida State University graduate with a bachelor of science degree, majoring in statistics and minoring in mathematics; he is now pursuing a business administration and master of science in sports and entertainment management at the University of South Florida. His story could have been very different if not for Mr. Henry.
Tim's parents divorced when he was in elementary school, which left him as the man of the house. "I knew there wasn't much I could do to help my mother financially, but I also knew that to be successful and make an impact on my family, I had to focus on my academics," he said.
"I would not be where I am today without Take Stock in Children, Florida Prepaid and Mr. Henry. The staff at Take Stock in Children and my mentor have always been there to support me, and I will always be grateful for them because they gave me an opportunity to be a first-generation college graduate," Miles said.
TSIC identifies high-achieving, low-income students in middle school who show the potential to attend college. When accepted into the program, students sign a contract to maintain grades, remain drug and crime-free, follow school rules and agree to meet with a volunteer mentor.
Upon graduation, students receive a two-year Florida Prepaid College Scholarship for use at any college, university or technical program. The scholarship is purchased when students enter the program, so they know it is a real promise.
For many, this scholarship is the catalyst for a better future by providing a pathway to a successful career, thus breaking the cycle of generational poverty. Take Stock students who graduate from college set an example for other family members and friends to succeed.
Volunteer mentors are the most powerful component of the program. The staff recruits people throughout the community and pairs them with students. They typically meet two to four times a month at school during lunch.
All of the meetings since March have been virtual, but they are still happening. Mentors and their mentees build strong relationships over time, many meeting in middle school and continuing through graduation.
I began mentoring a quite intelligent but shy girl in 8th grade who would barely talk to me. Through the years, she learned to advocate for herself, speak confidently in front of groups and maintain focus on her dream of attending a four-year university in another city.
She saw people around her making poor life choices and was determined to keep a steady path. She is a first-generation college student from a single-parent home. With the additional assistance of a TSIC housing scholarship, she attended the University of Central Florida and will graduate next summer.
Support services are a critical component of TSIC as each student is assigned a student success coach who keeps track of their academic progress and meets with them quarterly. Students participate in essay writing workshops and college tours, and receive help with financial aid and college applications.
Our TSIC program is the only one of the 45 programs in the state with a wellness component and a coordinator who connects students and families to local community resources. Some students struggle with academics because they are homeless, have food insecurity, lack adequate school clothing, have no internet service or have mental and emotional health issues. We can help identify the needs and connect families with resources to assist them.
Take Stock in Children currently has 300 students and will add up to 50 more by the end of the year. These students need a Mr. Henry.
Time is a precious gift to help a student achieve a better life. Mentorship works and lifts students one at a time. It is a win-win situation as mentors feel the gratitude of knowing they have made a real difference in someone's life. Visit educationfoundationac.org to learn how you can be a mentor and change a life.
Shelley Waters is president of the Education Foundation of Alachua County. This piece was written with input from Rachel Debigare, executive director, and Jordan Miles, volunteer administrator.


We've teamed up with our friends at Destination BC to spotlight some of our favourite photographers living and working in our home province, British Columbia. Next up is Grant Harder. See more images and our interview with Grant below.
Booooooom: What was your first experience with photography? Can you remember the first significant image you took?
Grant Harder: My first experience with photography was with skateboard magazines when I was around 12 years old. Spike Jonze anyone? I can't remember a specific image that I took but I do remember the feeling of getting a roll of film back and seeing that I technique I had been trying had actually worked. Amazing.
Booooooom: How would you describe your aesthetic?
Grant Harder: Natural light. Relatable. Sightly romantic maybe? You could argue that most photos contain a bit of a lie, or at least not the full truth, by what a frame is choosing to crop out. But dammit, I love it when someone describes my work as honest. Is honest an aesthetic?
Booooooom: I've never thought about it like that but I think it is! How do you balance taking photos for a living and keeping the love alive? How do you keep things fun and stay inspired?
Grant Harder: My job is truly amazing. The subject matter is diverse so every shoot is quite different and challenging. I love photography as much today as I ever have. The learning curve is never ending which keeps things interesting and on your toes. The competition is daunting, if you let it be. I feel I'm at my best when I'm paying less attention to what others are doing. There's a fine line between being inspired and being distracted.
Booooooom: What camera are you having the most fun shooting with these days?
Grant Harder: I have a little Olympus point and shoot film camera that I really like using. It's refreshing to just point and shoot and then not develop the film for a few weeks. Sometimes there are a couple of nice surprises on a roll that I've forgotten all about.
Booooooom: Where's your favourite place to explore in British Columbia? Maybe you have a lake or a camping spot to recommend?
Grant Harder: The Chilcotin. From Vancouver drive north to Williams Lake and hang a left. Zig zag your way by car, canoe, floatplane and on foot all the way to to Bella Coola. It's incredible.
Booooooom: Who are some other photographers in BC that are inspiring you these days?
Booooooom: Is there a 'Pacific Northwest' aesthetic? Beyond the evergreens and all that, is there something else, a spirit perhaps, that links the work of photographers from around here?
Grant Harder: I'd say the quality of light is unique to this area and the use of natural light is pretty common with photographers in the PNW. We definitely don't have sun like California. The shadows are deep, deep, deep. I love it, except for when I don't, like right now while storms are rolling in and shoots are getting postponed. Living in this area does force you to work with the light available and this helps dictate the aesthetic.
Booooooom: What's the most recent thing you learned about yourself? Could be photo related, but doesn't have to be.
Grant Harder: Well, my wife and I just had our first child, a girl. Having a child really puts things in perspective. When I get in a tough headspace with work or whatever all I have to do is look into my daughters eyes and there isn't anything that is as important as her. I've recently had to pass up some amazing travel jobs because of my family and I'm completely ok with this.
Booooooom: Where is somewhere in BC you'd like to shoot but haven't yet?
Grant Harder: Definitely Mt. Edziza Provincial Park and the Spatsizi Plateau.
Booooooom: What things are you working on now?
Grant Harder: I'm working on being a good father and husband. Photo wise I've got a couple of interesting portraits coming up, some tourism related shooting in Vancouver and Whistler and shooting an Arthur Erickson designed house. Sweet!


The Administration believed that government had a critical role to play in the recovery of the country through, among other things, the fostering of trade associations, limited regulation, and support for fair trade practices and democratization of the workplace. The President himself, once the head of a trade association, believed that government promotion of "self-organization" by trade associations was the most effective method for achieving national planning and economic improvement.
The NIRA established upwards of 765 industry and supplemental codes for basically every type of industry in America, including the wood products industry. National, regional, and local code boards had to be established to interpret and enforce NIRA.
In short time, the Lumber Code Authority was established to monitor and reinforce the code and its provisions, to include price filing by lumber manufacturers. (Lumber mills were required to file their prices with code authorities and provide advance notice of price changes.) Also included in the provisions: maximum employee work hours, minimum wages, set worker's wage, field inspections, and forest conservation requirements.
And thus, the Northeastern Lumber Manufacturers Association (NELMA) was born, created to administer and monitor the provisions of the Lumber Code Authority in the Northeast.
Two years later, the Supreme Court ruled unanimously that the NIRA was unconstitutional. While NELMA's regional code agency duties were dissolved, the association's board of directors decided to build upon industry relationships and transformed NELMA into a voluntary trade organization to represent the Northeastern Lumber industry on common issues.
Looking back on the last several decades, Mel Bowman, owner of A.D. Bowman & Sons Lumber in Castle Creek, NY, and NELMA chairman from 1981-1983, remembers the lean years.
Randy Caron, NELMA chairman from 1989 to 1991, was involved with the Association for 33 years and sees one of the biggest changes over the years in the mills themselves.
Easterling's first orders of business: bring the association up to speed technologically, evaluate the existing programs and their strength, and brainstorm on additional added-value items to enhance member services.
Two months after Easterling became president, an incredible opportunity was dropped on his plate: For NELMA to become part of an international verification standard program developed to reduce the movement of forest-destroying pests globally through wood packaging used in exporting goods. A special meeting of the NELMA board of directors was called and the program was approved with the goal of signing on 50 mills in the first year. "We got 50 mills in the first week and 200 the first month!" commented Easterling.
The program is now in a mature state as most all companies involved in exporting have signed onto the program as a necessity, rolling along well annually and supporting mills worldwide. The program has been adopted by every civilized country in the world, and due to its very nature and purpose, there will always be a place for it.
The current award-winning marketing program at NELMA includes advertising, retailer-focused marketing, a significant online and digital presence, and public relations.
Shepherding Norway spruce through the strength value process, the first new species to undergo testing and gain acceptance since the 1920s, which resulted in Norway spruce being added to the SPFs species grouping.
When asked about the one biggest challenge affecting the Association, all three agreed that it was the desire to make sure the association remains relevant, both to members and the overall industry. "We want to be visible and viable in a positive way to our members, but beyond them as well, to the rest of the U.S., and our peers in the grade rules writing and inspection industries," Easterling added.


text:
Home » News » New Recoveries more than New Cases since the last 35 days
New Recoveries more than New Cases since the last 35 days
in News, National News, Sports & Health November 7, 2020	0 15 Views
Trend of Continuous Decline in Active Cases sustained over the last 5 weeks
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Press release
India's daily new recoveries have been exceeding the daily new cases since more than a month.
In contrast to 50,356 new reported cases, 53,920 cases have recovered in the last 24 hours. This trend has been observed for the last five weeks. This also played a pivotal role in pushing down the active caseload which is presently pegged at 5.16 lakh.
The last five weeks has seen a continuous decline in average daily new cases. The average daily new cases have declined to 46,000 cases from more than 73,000 average daily new cases in the first week of October.
The active cases, on a sustained decline as a result of the aforementioned trend, stand at 5,16,632 today. This figure translates to a mere 6.11%of India's total positive cases.
The total recovered cases stand at 78,19,886 which has pushed the national Recovery Rate to 92.41%. The gap between Recovered cases and Active cases presently stands at 73,03,254.
79% of the new recovered cases are observed to be concentrated in 10 States/UTs.
Maharashtra continues to have the maximum number of single day recoveries.11,060 recoveries have pushed up the State's total recoveries to 15,62,342.
In keeping with the national trend, 18 States/UTs are reporting a higher recovery rate than the national average.
77% of the new cases are from 10 States and UTs.
Delhi has overtaken Maharashtra and Kerala to report 7,178 cases in the last 24 hours. Kerala has recorded 7,002 new cases. Maharashtra reported 6,870 new cases yesterday.
577 case fatalities have been reported in the past 24 hours.
Of these, ten States/UTs account for nearly 83%. More than 27.9% of new fatalities reported are from Maharashtra (161 deaths). Delhi and West Bengal follows with 64 and 55 new deaths respectively.
UK से भारत आने वाली सभी उड़ाने रद्द ,Corona का नया क़ेहर
किसानों को गुमराह करने में विपक्ष का रोल , उनकी चिंताओं को दूर करेंगे : पीएम नरेंद्र मोदी
भारत और बांग्लादेश के प्रधानमंत्री 17 दिसम्बर को आभासी शिखर बैठक करेंगे
आंदोलन के इतिहास का सच आया सामने
केन्‍द्रीय मंत्री नितिन गडकरी ने कहा–सरकार किसानों के सुझाव सुनने के लिए तैयार
UK से भारत आने वाली सभी उड़ाने रद्द ,Corona का नया क़ेहर December 21, 2020
आंदोलन के इतिहास का सच आया सामने December 19, 2020
किसानों को गुमराह करने में विपक्ष का रोल , उनकी चिंताओं को दूर करेंगे : पीएम नरेंद्र मोदी December 15, 2020
भारत और बांग्लादेश के प्रधानमंत्री 17 दिसम्बर को आभासी शिखर बैठक करेंगे December 15, 2020
केन्‍द्रीय मंत्री नितिन गडकरी ने कहा–सरकार किसानों के सुझाव सुनने के लिए तैयार December 15, 2020


So you've seen them advertised and you've probably wondered, 'Is it for me? Why go on a yoga retreat?'.
Here are my top 5 reasons to make sure that this year is finally the year that you take that long dreamed about yoga retreat.
1. Time for you, and you only!
There is a massive difference between going on holiday and going on a retreat.
Retreat the word itself is defined as "the act of moving back or withdrawing". So if you think its about taking a step back, going inward and allowing yourself some time out, then you are spot on!
A retreat is simply about being, and not doing.
I will encourage you to leave the outside world behind, step away from all stresses and drains on your time and energy, and instead put your focus on doing less and being more. At the very, very least, time away from your day-to-day life will leave you feeling refreshed, renewed, re-inspired, and deeply rested.
Whatever your reasons for jumping on your mat, and no matter what your level of yoga experience, a retreat will assist you to go beyond, and possibly even soar above!
The main focus of your day is you and your practice. It truly is the perfect time to explore new things, and you're guaranteed to go deeper.
I get it, coming on your own is nerve wracking. But in fact 80-90% of people come on their own, And the best thing about going to a retreat alone is that you already share a common interest and passion with everyone else. You are all in this together to learn, deepen, expand, and grow in some way. Yoga has this funny way of helping you to bond with others like nothing else.
Strangers become friends as you open yourself up to new experiences and you grow together in the company of other like minded people.
Learn to cultivate a new lifelong habit; Mindfulness.
Mindfulness is paying attention to the present moment, switching from the automatic pilot of doing and settling into just being. The pace of modern life can easily take us away from the heart of who we are and what we love. Stress, anxiety, depression and busy-ness can leave us feeling drained, tired, sleepless and generally unwell. Let's learn how to turn that around!
Looking to nourish and cleanse your body, mind + soul?
Yep we've got you covered!
Mindfulness activities and exercises littered throughout the weekend to help ease stress and anxieties.
Daily yoga to help you to be more mindful of your body, while learning to appreciate and love this wonderful 'machine' we live in.
The main focus of a yoga retreat is often to help you to feel really, really good in all ways, so no matter what your initial reasons for going, a yoga retreat will leave you feeling cleansed, restored, re-inspired, recharged, and most of all, like new!


If you haven't yet, it's not too late to sign up for Summer Reading! Sign up for the children's or tween and teen summer reading program June 1st through August 1st.
Children birth through kindergarten may take part in our "Read-to-Me" program and earn a prize for every 15 books someone reads to them.
Participants entering 1st grade through 4th grades will keep track of time spent reading. Prizes are awarded at the completion of every four hours read.
Those entering 5th through 8th grade may take part in our tween and teen program. For every five hours of reading, tweens and teens enter for the chance to win weekly prizes.


Maura Smale, information literacy librarian at the New York City College of Technology, suggests that librarians "embrace research involving human subjects" and seek IRB approval to do so.
Smale notes that librarians can interact with IRBs in two ways. First, they can serve as IRB members or consultants, helping researchers and reviewers inform themselves about a proposal. Better library research, she suggests, could have prevented the 2001 death of Ellen Roche, a volunteer in a Johns Hopkins University asthma study. Smale could also have mentioned that better library research might prevent unreasonable IRB demands.
Smale does note that approval took five months, leading the skeptic to ask whether the same deep thinking could have been achieved in less time by another form of review.
"There are three levels of IRB review—exempt, expedited, and full. The IRB evaluates each research project and determines the level of review required; researchers may not make this determination on their own." (312) Exempt means exempt; it is not a level of IRB review. The regulations do not forbid researchers from making the exempt determination. And not even OHRP's recommendations insist that an IRB be involved in that determination.
"Certain types of studies automatically meet the criteria for exemption set forth in the Common Rule, including research on 'normal educational practices' such as curriculum design, instruction, and assessment. Research involving use of previously collected data is also usually exempt. In both cases the subjects' anonymity must be preserved." (313) The "normal educational practices" exemption, 45 CFR 46.101(b)(1), imposes no requirement of anonymity. The existing data exemption, 45 CFR 46.101(b)(4), does not require anonymity if the data are publicly available.
"It is worth noting that the underlying principles used by the IRB to evaluate projects involve ethical treatment of subjects and preservation of privacy and are similar to the recommendations of many discipline-specific professional organizations, including the Oral History Association and the American Anthropological Association." (316). For over a decade, the Oral History Association has been fighting IRB requirements and insisting on the differences between the ethics of medical research and the ethics of oral history. Smale does cite the CITI Program in support of this assertion, but she fails to notice that the CITI Program offers no support for its statement.
I am grateful to Smale for sharing her experience and for her kind citations to this blog and to my scholarship. But I fear that she has too readily accepted the claims of IRB administrators and training programs, leading her to advise librarians to tolerate months of delay when they should be demanding swift exemption.
Thanks for reviewing my article, Zachary. I enjoyed your article in the Journal of Policy History and look forward to reading your book.
* My understanding from the training I attended is that the definition of research is essentially the same in the Belmont Rule and the Common Rule. Thanks for the clarification.
* I agree that level is a poor word choice--my intention was to convey that once an application is submitted to the IRB there are usually three outcomes, which I believe is still clear. At my university researchers are not permitted to determine whether their study meets the criteria for exemption.
* Another case in which my institution's requirements differ from the Common Rule.
* You're right that this is the practice at my university. From what I've read about librarian researchers' experiences at other institutions (which is admittedly limited--there's not much published), it's the practice as well. My IRB's comments about these projects centered on whether revelations about students' academic behaviors/performance could impact their reputation/employability.
* I know that oral historians (and anthropologists) have been protesting IRB requirements, but I thought it was worthwhile to point out that protection of research subjects is important to both researchers and the IRB. I'm not sure I understand the relevance of the CITI Program here -- in the citation for this sentence I include the AAA's Code of Ethics and an article by Rachel Vagts, an archivist, in which she discusses the OHA (the OHA Evaluation Guide's Principles and Standards offers similar information).
You are correct that my primary goal for the article was to introduce the IRB process to librarian researchers, many of whom (especially junior faculty) are new to human subjects research and are likely not familiar with the IRB.
I completely agree that the IRB process is flawed for much research in the behavioral and social sciences as well as unnecessarily lengthy. (Believe me, those 5 months stretched on.) But that discussion didn't fit within the scope of my article, so I included only a brief introduction to the topic in the endnote. Fear of the complexity of IRB regulations has led librarian researchers I know to simply avoid any research involving library users. I felt that a lengthy catalog of problems with IRB approval in the social sciences and humanities would discourage human subjects research in libraries.
I would rather encourage librarians to undertake these kinds of projects. Once engaged, I suspect that many librarian researchers will become interested in working for change in the IRB process (as you note re: the ALA resolution proposed recently).
Thank you for these comments.
I think it important to distinguish between the provisions of 45 CFR 46 and the additional requirements imposed by your institution. Not all academic librarians will face a regime as burdensome as yours. And even those who do will need to decide whether to accept or challenge the strictures on their research. They deserve the most precise information possible.
As for oral history, I am afraid I misread footnote reference 39 as 30, leading me to misunderstand the source of your claim. That said, I don't think the brief mention of oral history does justice either to the Vagts article or to the broader debate about IRBs and oral history. Moreover, the 2000 OHA Evaluation Guidelines you cite in your comment are no longer in effect. In 2009, the OHA replaced them with its Principles and Best Practices. By removing the language about exploitation, the new document further distanced the OHA from the medical ethics of the Belmont Report.
I would be interested to learn more about your own research, whether you agree that students faced a realistic risk of unemployability as a result of discussing their use of the library, and why it took the IRB five months to find a way to mitigate that risk.
I applaud your wish to encourage research by librarians. But I don't think that goal is best served either by understating the difficulties they will face or overstating the legal or empirical bases of IRB power.
The main reason that it took so long for the project to go through review is that the IRB requested that I submit a complete list of interview and survey questions that I planned to use in my study, so there was one set of revisions during the process. My current research includes interviews with students to discuss their scholarly habits, how they complete coursework and their study strategies. It's difficult to say whether the details that students discussed with me during their interviews could have a negative impact on them during their college careers or on their future employability. I learned about the courses they took and they ways they prepared (or didn't) for their assignments, in addition to their library use (or non-use). That knowledge might affect the way those students are perceived by faculty or employers if they were able to identify individual students. In this case it didn't feel particularly onerous to obtain informed consent and to protect students' anonymity.
Thank you for this comment. I would suggest that demanding "a complete list of interview and survey questions" in advance is a particularly inefficient form of human subjects protections. A better system would have let you proceed with your research, and then reviewed your manuscript prior to publication to see if it contained anything hazardous to the participants. See Carole Gaar Johnson, "Risks in the Publication of Fieldwork," in Joan E. Sieber, ed., The Ethics of Social Research: Fieldwork, Regulation, and Publication (New York: Springer-Verlag, 1982), 87. Such a system could have reduced the time of review from months to hours.
Thanks for recommending the Johnson article, Zachary, I'll take a look.


Published 04/21/2019 02:25:30 am at 04/21/2019 02:25:30 am in Teak Wood Dowels.
teak wood dowels decoration and a dowel joint split open the same way it just shy of ends exotic wood dowels exotic wood birdseye maple curly maple tiger bloodwood strongbloodwood x dowel strong.
teak wood home furniture and outdoor wicker garden furniture our teak outdoor benches comes in different sizes and styles flat packed and assembled with teak dowels, wooden dowels dowel pins shop now at woodcraftcom walnut dowel round, s midcentury modern teak dowel bottle wine rack chairish s midcentury modern teak dowel bottle wine rack for sale in dallas, tenon and mortise joint tenon and mortise joint in furniture construction,, score big savings square teak side table with dowel legs by dixie square teak side table with dowel legs by dixie end table mid century modern vintage, teak bungs wood plugs , best teak patio set under bayview patio piece outdoor pieceteakpatiosetbayview, we build this teak bench with tightfitting mortise and teak dowels we build this teak bench with tightfitting mortise and teak dowels for a strong furniture that will stand the test of time our craftsmen are from jepara, vtg teak wood serving tray mid century modern japan picclick dansk vtg mid century teak serving tray x jhq quistgaard wood dowels bnmib, household furniture hardware kd fitting round teak solid wooden household furniture hardware kd fitting round teak solid wooden dowel buy threaded wooden dowel pinssolid wooden dowelhousehold furniture hardware round .


text:
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;

using System.IO;
using Approve.EntityBase;
using System.Text;
using ProjectBLL;

namespace Web
{
    public class ModuleAuthority : IHttpModule
    {
        private List<string> exceptURL = new List<string>();
        public ModuleAuthority()
        {
            //exceptURL.Add("~/admin/main/managerlogin.aspx");
            exceptURL.Add("~/government/appmain/empcredit.aspx");
            exceptURL.Add("~/errorpage.aspx");
            exceptURL.Add("~/default.aspx");
            exceptURL.Add("~/clear.aspx");
            exceptURL.Add("~/common/empinfo.aspx");
            exceptURL.Add("~/payment/main/login.aspx");
            exceptURL.Add("~/share/main/login.aspx");
            exceptURL.Add("~/share/main/lockcheck.aspx");
            exceptURL.Add("~/payment/main/lockcheck.aspx");
            exceptURL.Add("~/share/main/loginall.aspx");
            exceptURL.Add("~/share/main/lockcheckAll.aspx");

            exceptURL.Add("~/common/ajaxpage.aspx");
            exceptURL.Add("~/common/help/help.aspx");//帮助页面

            exceptURL.Add("~/gmap/locationmap/locationmap.aspx");//地图定位
            exceptURL.Add("~/gmap/locationmap/selectaear.aspx");//地图定位
            exceptURL.Add("~/gmap/locationmap/mapconfig.aspx");//地图定位
            exceptURL.Add("~/tiny_mce/plugins/ajaxfilemanager/filemanager.aspx");
            exceptURL.Add("~/share/user/userqxfb.aspx");//权限分配
            exceptURL.Add("~/userautologin.aspx");//自动登录
            exceptURL.Add("~/userauthority.aspx");//分配权限

        }

        public void Init(HttpApplication context)
        {
            context.AcquireRequestState += new EventHandler(context_AcquireRequestState);
            //context.AuthenticateRequest += OnAuthenticate;
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {

        }

        #region 验证规则
        private void context_AcquireRequestState(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

            HttpApplication app = sender as HttpApplication;

            string url = HttpContext.Current.Request.AppRelativeCurrentExecutionFilePath.ToLower();
            string extend = Path.GetExtension(url).ToLower();
            if (extend == ".aspx")//只验证aspx的页面
            {
                //排除访问的页面

                if (!exceptURL.Contains(url))
                {
                    if (url.IndexOf("~/admin/") > -1)
                    {
                        if (app.Session["Admin_FID"] == null)
                        {
                            app.Response.Write("您没有登录或者没有权限访问1");
                            app.Response.End();
                        }
                    }
                    else if (url.IndexOf("~/government/") > -1)
                    {
                        if (app.Session["DFUserId"] == null)
                        {
                            app.Response.Write("您没有登录或者没有权限访问2");

                            app.Response.End();
                        }
                    }
                    else if (url.IndexOf("~/website/") > -1)
                    {

                    }
                    else if (url.IndexOf("~/payment/") > -1)
                    {
                        if (url.IndexOf("~/payment/sys/") > -1)
                        {
                            if (app.Session["SH_UserId"] == null)
                            {
                                app.Response.Write("您没有登录或者没有权限访问3");
                                app.Response.End();
                            }
                        }
                        else if (app.Session["Pay_FUserId"] == null)
                        {
                            app.Response.Write("您没有登录或者没有权限访问4");
                            app.Response.End();
                        }
                    }
                    else if (url.IndexOf("~/EmpJZDW/".ToLower()) > -1 || url.IndexOf("~/EmpKcsjSgt/".ToLower()) > -1)
                    {
                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(CurrentEmpUser.EmpId) && string.IsNullOrEmpty(CurrentEntUser.EntUserId))
                        {

                            app.Response.Write("您没有登录或者没有权限访问5");
                            app.Response.End();

                        }
                    }
                    else if (url.IndexOf("~/gfent/") > -1) { }
                    else if (url.IndexOf("~/jnclent/") > -1) { }
                    else if (url.IndexOf("~/share/") > -1)
                    {
                        if (app.Session["SH_UserId"] == null)
                        {
                            if (url.IndexOf("~/share/webside/") > -1)
                            {
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                app.Response.Write("您没有登录或者没有权限访问6");
                                app.Response.End();
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    else if ((!string.IsNullOrEmpty(HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString["fbid"]) || !string.IsNullOrEmpty(HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString["IsView"])))
                    {
                        if (app.Session["DFUserId"] == null)
                        {
                            app.Response.Write("您没有登录或者没有权限访问!7");
                            app.Response.End();
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        if (url.IndexOf("~/approveweb/") == -1 && (app.Session["DFUserId"] != null || app.Session["FUserId"] != null))
                        {

                        }
                        else
                        {
                            if (url.IndexOf("uploadpic") > -1
                                || url.IndexOf("newupload") > -1
                                || url.IndexOf("uploadcertipic") > -1)
                            {
                                string SID = app.Request.QueryString["SID"];
                                DateTime t = SecurityEncryption.GetTime(SecurityEncryption.DesDecrypt(SID, "1234abcd"));
                                if ((DateTime.Now - t).TotalHours > 1)
                                {
                                    app.Response.Write("您没有登录或者没有权限访问8");
                                    app.Response.End();
                                }
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                if (url.IndexOf("~/approveweb/") == -1 && url.IndexOf("jnclent") == -1 && url.IndexOf("audit") == -1 && url.IndexOf("BuildUnitList.aspx".ToLower()) == -1)
                                {
                                    Response.Write(url);
                                    app.Response.Write("您没有登录或者没有权限访问9");
                                    app.Response.End();
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            } if (extend == ".svc")
            {
                string creds = GetBase64CredentialsFromHeader();
            }
        }

        #endregion

        void OnAuthenticate(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (!Authenticated())
            {
                SendAuthenticate();
            }
        }

        HttpRequest Request
        {
            get
            {
                return (HttpContext.Current.Request);
            }
        }
        HttpResponse Response
        {
            get
            {
                return (HttpContext.Current.Response);
            }
        }
        HttpApplication Application
        {
            get
            {
                return (HttpContext.Current.ApplicationInstance);
            }
        }
        bool Authenticated()
        {
            bool auth = false;

            //try
            //{
            string creds = GetBase64CredentialsFromHeader();

            if (creds != null)
            {
                string userName, password;

                DecodeBase64UsernamePassword(creds, out userName,
                  out password);

                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(userName) &&
                  !string.IsNullOrEmpty(password))
                {
                    //auth = Membership.ValidateUser(userName, password);

                    //if (auth)
                    //{
                    //GenericIdentity id = new GenericIdentity(userName);

                    //HttpContext.Current.User = new RolePrincipal(id);
                    //}
                    auth = true;
                }
                else
                {
                    Response.StatusCode = 401;
                    Response.StatusDescription = accessDeniedStatus;
                    Response.Write(accessDeniedHtml);
                }
            }
            //}
            //catch (NullReferenceException)
            //{
            //}
            return (auth);
        }
        void SendAuthenticate()
        {
            Response.StatusCode = 401;
            Response.StatusDescription = accessDeniedStatus;
            Response.Write(accessDeniedHtml);

            // TODO: not sure this is quite right wrt realm.
            Response.AddHeader(authServerHeader,
              string.Format(realmFormatString,
              Request.Url.GetLeftPart(UriPartial.Authority)));

            //Application.CompleteRequest();
        }
        string GetBase64CredentialsFromHeader()
        {
            string credsHeader = Request.Headers[authClientHeader];
            string creds = null;
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(credsHeader))
            {
                int credsPosition =
                  credsHeader.IndexOf(basicAuth, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);

                if (credsPosition != -1)
                {
                    credsPosition += basicAuth.Length + 1;

                    creds = credsHeader.Substring(credsPosition,
                      credsHeader.Length - credsPosition);
                }
            }
            return (creds);
        }
        void DecodeBase64UsernamePassword(string creds, out string userName, out string password)
        {
            userName = password = null;

            string decoded =
              ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetString(Convert.FromBase64String(creds));

            int separatorIndex = decoded.IndexOf(basicCredentialsSeparator);

            if (separatorIndex != -1)
            {
                userName = decoded.Substring(0, separatorIndex);
                password = decoded.Substring(separatorIndex + 1,
                  decoded.Length - (separatorIndex + 1));
            }
        }
        const string accessDeniedStatus = "Access Denied";
        const string accessDeniedHtml = "401 Access Denied";
        const string realmFormatString = "Basic realm=\"{0}\"";
        const string authServerHeader = "WWW-Authenticate";
        const string authClientHeader = "Authorization";
        const string basicAuth = "Basic";
        const char basicCredentialsSeparator = ':';

    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Money will help community members better understand the effects of a sedentary lifestyle.
A $20,000 in-kind donation from Gunnison Valley Health (GVH)—facilitated by GVH Administrator of Rehabilitation and Athletic Medicine Todd Ward and GVH Chief Executive Officer Rob Santilli—was also awarded to the HAEP graduate program to help with the cost of tests for bloodwork and body composition regarding the projects.
The work being done by the HAEP graduate program, including personalizing exercise for people of all backgrounds and ages, could help people all over the world become happier and healthier.
Story by Western sophomore Caitlin Gleason.