text:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE modulesynopsis SYSTEM "../style/modulesynopsis.dtd">
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="../style/manual.en.xsl"?>

<modulesynopsis metafile="mod_ext_filter.xml.meta">

<name>mod_ext_filter</name>
<description>Pass the response body through an external program before
delivery to the client</description>
<status>Extension</status>
<sourcefile>mod_ext_filter.c</sourcefile>
<identifier>ext_filter_module</identifier>

<module>mod_ext_filter</module> presents a simple and familiar
    programming model for filters. With
    this module, a program which reads from stdin and writes to stdout
    (i.e., a Unix-style filter command) can be a filter for
    Apache. This filtering mechanism is much slower than using a
    filter which is specially written for the Apache API and runs
    inside of the Apache server process, but it does have the
    following benefits:

the programming model is much simpler

any programming/scripting language can be used, provided
      that it allows the program to read from standard input and
      write to standard output

existing programs can be used unmodified as Apache
      filters

Even when the performance characteristics are not suitable
    for production use, <module>mod_ext_filter</module> can be used as
    a prototype environment for filters.

<seealso>Filters</seealso>

<title>Examples</title>

<title>Generating HTML from some other type of response</title>
      <example>
        # mod_ext_filter directive to define a filter

        # to HTML-ize text/c files using the external

        # program /usr/bin/enscript, with the type of

        # the result set to text/html

        ExtFilterDefine c-to-html mode=output \

        <indent>
          intype=text/c outtype=text/html \

          cmd="/usr/bin/enscript --color -W html -Ec -o - -"

        </indent>

        <Directory "/export/home/trawick/apacheinst/htdocs/c">

        <indent>
          # core directive to cause the new filter to

          # be run on output

          SetOutputFilter c-to-html

          # mod_mime directive to set the type of .c

          # files to text/c

          AddType text/c .c

          # mod_ext_filter directive to set the debug

          # level just high enough to see a log message

          # per request showing the configuration in force

          ExtFilterOptions DebugLevel=1

        </indent>
        </Directory>
      </example>

<title>Implementing a content encoding filter</title>

Note: this gzip example is just for the purposes of illustration.
      Please refer to <module>mod_deflate</module> for a practical
      implementation.

      <example>
        # mod_ext_filter directive to define the external filter

        ExtFilterDefine gzip mode=output cmd=/bin/gzip

        <Location /gzipped>

        <indent>
          # core directive to cause the gzip filter to be

          # run on output

          SetOutputFilter gzip

          # mod_header directive to add

          # "Content-Encoding: gzip" header field

          Header set Content-Encoding gzip

        </indent>
        </Location>
      </example>

<title>Slowing down the server</title>
      <example>
        # mod_ext_filter directive to define a filter

        # which runs everything through cat; cat doesn't

        # modify anything; it just introduces extra pathlength

        # and consumes more resources

        ExtFilterDefine slowdown mode=output cmd=/bin/cat \

        <indent>
          preservescontentlength

        </indent>

        <Location />

        <indent>
          # core directive to cause the slowdown filter to

          # be run several times on output

          #

          SetOutputFilter slowdown;slowdown;slowdown

        </indent>
        </Location>
      </example>

<title>Using sed to replace text in the response</title>
      <example>
        # mod_ext_filter directive to define a filter which

        # replaces text in the response

        #

        ExtFilterDefine fixtext mode=output intype=text/html \

        <indent>
          cmd="/bin/sed s/verdana/arial/g"

        </indent>

        <Location />

        <indent>
          # core directive to cause the fixtext filter to

          # be run on output

          SetOutputFilter fixtext

        </indent>
        </Location>
      </example>

<title>Tracing another filter</title>
      <example>
        # Trace the data read and written by mod_deflate

        # for a particular client (IP 192.168.1.31)

        # experiencing compression problems.

        # This filter will trace what goes into mod_deflate.

        ExtFilterDefine tracebefore \

        <indent>
          cmd="/bin/tracefilter.pl /tmp/tracebefore" \

          EnableEnv=trace_this_client

        </indent>

        # This filter will trace what goes after mod_deflate.

        # Note that without the ftype parameter, the default

        # filter type of AP_FTYPE_RESOURCE would cause the

        # filter to be placed *before* mod_deflate in the filter

        # chain.  Giving it a numeric value slightly higher than

        # AP_FTYPE_CONTENT_SET will ensure that it is placed

        # after mod_deflate.

        ExtFilterDefine traceafter \

        <indent>
          cmd="/bin/tracefilter.pl /tmp/traceafter" \

          EnableEnv=trace_this_client ftype=21

        </indent>

        <Directory /usr/local/docs>

        <indent>
          SetEnvIf Remote_Addr 192.168.1.31 trace_this_client

          SetOutputFilter tracebefore;deflate;traceafter

        </indent>
        </Directory>
      </example>

      <example><title>Here is the filter which traces the data:</title>
        #!/usr/local/bin/perl -w

        use strict;

        open(SAVE, ">$ARGV[0]")

        <indent>
          or die "can't open $ARGV[0]: $?";

        </indent>

        while (<STDIN>) {

        <indent>
          print SAVE $_;

          print $_;

        </indent>
        }

        close(SAVE);
      </example>

<directivesynopsis>
<name>ExtFilterDefine</name>
<description>Define an external filter</description>
<syntax>ExtFilterDefine <var>filtername</var> <var>parameters</var></syntax>
<contextlist><context>server config</context></contextlist>

<usage>

The <directive>ExtFilterDefine</directive> directive defines the
    characteristics of an external filter, including the program to
    run and its arguments.

<var>filtername</var> specifies the name of the filter being
    defined. This name can then be used in SetOutputFilter
    directives. It must be unique among all registered filters.
    At the present time, no error is reported by the
    register-filter API, so a problem with duplicate names isn't
    reported to the user.

Subsequent parameters can appear in any order and define the
    external command to run and certain other characteristics. The
    only required parameter is cmd=. These parameters
    are:

cmd=<var>cmdline</var>

The cmd= keyword allows you to specify the
      external command to run. If there are arguments after the
      program name, the command line should be surrounded in
      quotation marks (e.g., cmd="<var>/bin/mypgm</var>
      <var>arg1</var> <var>arg2</var>". Normal shell quoting is
      not necessary since the program is run directly, bypassing the shell.
      Program arguments are blank-delimited. A backslash can be used to
      escape blanks which should be part of a program argument. Any
      backslashes which are part of the argument must be escaped with
      backslash themselves.  In addition to the standard CGI environment
      variables, DOCUMENT_URI, DOCUMENT_PATH_INFO, and
      QUERY_STRING_UNESCAPED will also be set for the program.

mode=<var>mode</var>

mode should be output for now (the
      default). In the future, mode=input will be used to
      specify a filter for request bodies.

intype=<var>imt</var>

This parameter specifies the internet media type (i.e.,
      MIME type) of documents which should be filtered. By default,
      all documents are filtered. If intype= is
      specified, the filter will be disabled for documents of other
      types.

outtype=<var>imt</var>

This parameter specifies the internet media type (i.e.,
      MIME type) of filtered documents. It is useful when the
      filter changes the internet media type as part of the
      filtering operation. By default, the internet media type is
      unchanged.

PreservesContentLength

The PreservesContentLength keyword specifies
      that the filter preserves the content length. This is not the
      default, as most filters change the content length. In the
      event that the filter doesn't modify the length, this keyword
      should be specified.

ftype=<var>filtertype</var>

This parameter specifies the numeric value for filter type
      that the filter should be registered as.  The default value,
      AP_FTYPE_RESOURCE, is sufficient in most cases.  If the filter
      needs to operate at a different point in the filter chain than
      resource filters, then this parameter will be necessary.  See
      the AP_FTYPE_foo definitions in util_filter.h for appropriate
      values.

disableenv=<var>env</var>

This parameter specifies the name of an environment variable
      which, if set, will disable the filter.

enableenv=<var>env</var>

This parameter specifies the name of an environment variable
      which must be set, or the filter will be disabled.

</usage>
</directivesynopsis>

<directivesynopsis>
<name>ExtFilterOptions</name>
<description>Configure <module>mod_ext_filter</module> options</description>
<syntax>ExtFilterOptions <var>option</var> [<var>option</var>] ...</syntax>
<default>ExtFilterOptions DebugLevel=0 NoLogStderr</default>
<contextlist><context>directory</context></contextlist>

<usage>

The <directive>ExtFilterOptions</directive> directive specifies
    special processing options for <module>mod_ext_filter</module>.
    <var>Option</var> can be one of

DebugLevel=<var>n</var>

        The DebugLevel keyword allows you to specify
        the level of debug messages generated by
        <module>mod_ext_filter</module>. By default, no debug messages
        are generated. This is equivalent to
        DebugLevel=0. With higher numbers, more debug
        messages are generated, and server performance will be
        degraded. The actual meanings of the numeric values are
        described with the definitions of the DBGLVL_ constants
        near the beginning of mod_ext_filter.c.

Note: The core directive <directive module="core"
        >LogLevel</directive> should be used to cause debug messages to
        be stored in the Apache error log.

LogStderr | NoLogStderr

The LogStderr keyword specifies that
      messages written to standard error by the external filter
      program will be saved in the Apache error log.
      NoLogStderr disables this feature.

    <example><title>Example</title>
      ExtFilterOptions LogStderr DebugLevel=0
    </example>

Messages written to the filter's standard error will be stored
    in the Apache error log. No debug messages will be generated by
    <module>mod_ext_filter</module>.

</usage>
</directivesynopsis>

</modulesynopsis>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Final preparations are underway for the next crew to depart for the International Space Station, marking 50 years since the first man went into space. It is now only a matter of hours before three spacemen blast off into orbit.
After a long and meticulous process, the Soyuz TMA-21 spacecraft is finally in position on the launchpad at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, ready to start their mission on Tuesday morning.
The crew will shoot into orbit in a spaceship bearing the image of Yury Gagarin, the first human to venture into orbit and return to the Earth's surface unharmed. The flight will mark the achievement's 50th anniversary.
The Soyuz TMA-21 will take Aleksandr Samokutyayev and Andrey Borisenko of the Federal Space Agency and Ronald Garan of NASA to the ISS. The backup crew is Anton Shkaplerov and Anatoly Ivanishin of Russia and Daniel Burbank of the United States.
This is the first space mission for Samokutyayev and Borisenko, and the second for Garan who was a crewmember of the Discovery space shuttle in 2008.
Cosmonaut Sergey Krikalev joined RT live to explain his colleagues' feelings just hours before their big moment.
Before take-off, the two Russian cosmonauts and American astronaut went through the usual traditions that their predecessors have followed, such as signing the doors of their rooms at the quarantine facility. After that the Russian Orthodox priest blessed the crew.
The crew will spend 164 days in orbit and return to Earth on September 16. During that period, there will be dockings of the US Endeavor and Atlantis space shuttles and the arrival of three Progress cargo spaceships.
President of the World Vanguard of Young Cosmonauts, Dmitry Volkov, said, possibly jokingly, that despite the spacemen's intensive training there is one area in which they could be more prepared.
"During a news conference, one of our children asked what the cosmonauts will do if they meet an alien. The crew had nothing to answer, because they don't have such instructions. So I wish that one day they will have them," he told RT.


The IBPS PO Prelims exam 2015 is over now. Students are asking us about the IBPS PO Prelims exam Analysis 2015?. So we would like to inform you scroll down the page and see the IBPS PO Prelims exam Analysis. If there is any doubt or query leave the comment below.
The paper which was composed of 3 sections , Mathematics, Reasoning and English. The total time is 1 hour.
The exam was overall moderate. The English section was moderate, Reasoning was easy and doable and Mathematics section was moderate but was calculative and is the most time consuming section among all.
If there is any query please drop the comment below. We will revert you back.


text:
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Who Is Islamic State and How Did They Get This Big?
By Smita Nordwall
Who and what is the terrorist group that carried out deadly attacks last week in Paris?
They call themselves the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, or ISIS. They also are called IS and ISIL. Critics call them Daesh, a word Islamic State does not prefer to be called.
Islamic State has been active in Iraq and Syria since 2013. They say they follow a fundamentalist or extreme form of Islam. That fundamentalism is in response to a liberal way of life in the West, they say.
They are known for mass killings, kidnappings and beheadings of local people as well as Westerners. They have set people on fire alive and blown others up. They have crucified others.
Earlier this month, ISIS claimed responsibility for bombing a Russian passenger plane in Egypt. All 224 people on the plane were killed.
Last week, it claimed responsibility for two explosions in the Lebanese capital, Beirut. At least 41 people were killed.
And the group said it carried out attacks in Paris on Friday. More than 130 people were killed.
Experts and eye-witnesses describe their brutality as the worse ever seen.
The group was formed after U.S. forces invaded Iraq in 2003. A militant leader from Jordan named Abu Musab al-Zarqawi joined the terrorist group al-Qaida. They called themselves "al-Qaida in Iraq."
But Zarqawi was killed in a U.S. airstrike in 2003.
Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi has led ISIS since 2010. He had been a prisoner of U.S. forces in Iraq. He and other prisoners joined IS after they were released. Other members of Islamic State come from the political party that supported Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein. He was ousted and later executed.
In 2013, Islamic State expanded into the civil war in Syria. By June 2014, IS took control of many cities and towns in Iraq and Syria. It announced it had created a "caliphate," or a political-religious government for Muslims.
All Muslims must reject the governments of any other country. It says other governments are signs of opposition to Islam, the religion of Muslims.
After the caliphate was announced, Islamic State called al-Baghdadi the "leader for Muslims everywhere." This angered most Muslims who did not agree with Islamic State.
Analysts say Islamic State earns money through the illegal sale of oil in Syria, and by kidnappings, extortion and other crimes. It also receives money from supporters in some Persian Gulf nations.
U.S. government officials estimate that Islamic State may have earned as much as $100 million in 2014 from the sale of oil. The U.S. Treasury Department says the group sold the oil to local businessmen. It says they illegally transported it to Turkey and Iran, or sold it to the Syrian government.
Experts say air strikes on oil fields and refineries have reduced Islamic State earnings.
Islamic State follows an extreme version of Sunni Islam, analysts say. They are the only true believers of Islam, they say, and believe others seek to destroy Islam. This justifies why they attack Muslims and non-Muslims.
The Islamic State has also forced women into sexual slavery. It says its holy book -- the Quran -- supports the enslavement of women and girls.
Experts believe more than 3,000 Yazidi women are held by Islamic State. Some Yazidi women have escaped or were rescued. They say they were traded among fighters and given to Islamic State leaders as rewards.
Islamic State uses social media to lure young people to support its goals and join the group as fighters.
I'm Jim Tedder.
VOA Central News Writer Smita Nordwall wrote this story. Christopher Jones-Cruise adapted it into VOA Learning English. Kathleen Struck was the editor.
caliphate – n. a political-religious Muslim government or state
refinery – n. a place where the unwanted substances in oil are removed
believer – n. someone who regards the existence of God as a fact; someone who has religious beliefs
crucify – v. to kill (someone) by nailing or tying his or her hands and feet to a cross
reward – n. something that is given for something that has been done, or that is offered for something that might be done
We want to hear from you. Write to us in the Comments section or on 51VOA.COM.
The Problems With Crowdfunding (15/11/20)
Third Body Found in Rubble of Paris Apartment (15/11/20)
22 Killed at Hotel in Mali (15/11/20)
Terror Touches Nigeria, China, Norway (15/11/19)
French Police: Organizer of Paris Attack Killed (15/11/19)
Cambodian Opposition Leader Stranded (15/11/19)
North Korea's 'No-Sail Zone' Raises Missile Concerns (15/11/19)
Fear of Terrorism Spreads Far Beyond Paris (15/11/18)
Nigeria Bomb Kills More Than 30, Wounds 80 (15/11/18)
EU Immigration Debated at G-20 Meet (15/11/18)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Corinth Films of Riegeslville distributes classics such as Fellini's '8½' and new movies
By Amy Longsdorf and Special to The Morning Call
Riegelsville has a population of fewer than 900 but nestled in the teeny Bucks Country community is a world-class operation.
The father/son team of John Poole and John Poole Jr. run Corinth Films, a distributor of classic cinema and new theatrical titles. From their offices in Riegelsville, the Corinth team dispatch prints of vintage films like Italian director Federico Fellini's "8 ½" and "I Vitelloni" to movie houses, festivals and TV stations all over North America.
More recently, Poole Jr. has amped up the distributing of new movies. Since 2009, the company has issued about two dozen new movies both theatrically and on DVD. Acquired at international movie bashes such as the Berlin Film Festival and the American Film Market, Corinth's contemporary titles include Mika Kaurismaki's dark comedy "Road North"; James Rasin's documentary "Beautiful Darling" about transgender pioneer Candy Darling; Marleen Gorris' "Within the Whirlwind," the story of a teacher (Emily Watson) swept up on in the horror of one of Joseph Stalin's purges; and Volker Schlondorff's "Calm At Sea," the saga of French Resistance fighter Guy Moquet (Leo Paul Salmain).
Corinth's mission is a simple one: it wants to rescue great films and give them the theatrical and video distribution they deserve.
"We're interested in movies that are often overlooked, and movies that convey a significant message, even if that message isn't a popular one," says Poole Jr.
Poole Jr. is the first to admit there have been both misses as well as hits during Corinth's first few years in theatrical distribution. After scoring big in 2011 with "Beautiful Darling," for instance, Corinth discovered that few movie-goers were interested in "The Real American," a docudrama about Joseph McCarthy.
Poole Jr. and company even traveled to McCarthy's hometown of Appleton, Wis., in 2012 to premiere the film in grand style. But after a good review in the local newspaper and endless promotion, the film failed to attract an audience.
"Things were looking great until the opening Friday," Poole Jr. says. "We got the box office results and nobody came to see the movie. We were devastated."
Corinth's latest release, "Policeman," which bowed at the Elinor Bunin Munroe Film Center at Lincoln Center in mid-June, fared much better. An Israeli film which Variety described as "a boldly conceived and bracingly told political drama," "Policeman" did well enough in New York to merit an expansion to other markets in Florida and Illinois.
"[The reception of] 'Policeman' is a huge psychological boost for us because it shows a successful theatrical release can be accomplished without a big Hollywood budget, just the right venue and some smart marketing," says Poole Jr.
Corinth was founded in 1977 by John Poole Sr., who became interested in movies after working as a production assistant on the Paul Newman-directed "Rachel, Rachel" starring Joanne Woodward and Estelle Parsons.
While Corinth was still headquartered in Manhattan, the company acquired the North American rights to Fellini's masterpiece "8½" in 1979. It was an expensive purchase but it turned out to be an essential investment for the fledgling company.
"It almost drove our company into bankruptcy," Poole Jr. says. "But through sheer determination, my father was able to get the financing, pay back the loan and keep the company going. And now '8½' is a cornerstone of our business."
In 2007, Corinth acquired the rights to Vittorio DeSica's "Bicycle Thief," another key film in Italian movie history. Along with "I Vitelloni," an early Fellini classic, the Riegelsville firm controls the rights to three landmark Italian features.
In 1986, the Pooles left Manhattan after rising rents made their Corinth offices too pricey. They settled on Bucks County for its beauty and proximity to Manhattan. (The company also maintains an office in Maplewood, N.J., run by vice-president Richard Evangelista).
"Moving to Riegelsville has been a blessing for us," says Poole Jr., who employs Allentown's Alpha Graphics to print Corinth's 40-page film catalogue. "I can get on the bus and be in New York in a few hours. I can do my business and then jump back on the bus and be back in the country the same day."
While acquiring classic films might not sound like a danger-filled profession, the Pooles have experienced plenty of hairy moments.
In the '70s, Poole Sr. traveled to Russia to negotiate with Russian distributor Sovexport Films, which controlled a library of Soviet classics stretching back to the groundbreaking work of Sergei Eisenstein.
A deal for the U.S. rights was worked out quickly but after Russian authorities determined that someone from the Corinth team had failed to pay their hotel telephone bill, Poole Sr. and company were detained at the Moscow airport. Their passports were seized until a payment plan could be worked out.
Another strange moment came when Poole Sr. received a call from Nixon's White House, asking for a screening of the 1952 British thriller "High Treason" right before the Watergate scandal broke.
"Variety did a story recounting that particular film booking," Poole Jr. says. "They ran it on their cover on March 26, 1975. I have it hanging in my office."
After surviving countless changes in the movie business through the years, the Pooles opted to get back into theatrical distribution in a big way in 2009 with "Habermann," a well-reviewed World War II docudrama.
"It's a magnificent story about how a good German tried to stand up to the Nazis, and protect the Czechs who worked for him. But everything he does is undermined by the Nazis," Poole says. "The Czechs are tricked into believing that [Habermann] is conspiring with them. It has a very strong 'no good deed goes unpunished' theme. In the end, everyone, even Habermann's friends and family, turn on him."
Many of the films that Poole Jr. has acquired are, like "Habermann," based on true stories.
"We try to acquire movies which are intellectually stimulating," Poole Jr. says. "We like historical dramas because they often make you think. We like political dramas and documentaries … We really don't partake in the Hollywood mainstream stuff like 'Harry Potter' and the 'X-Men' movies."
Even as they expand their business and look for potential investors, the Pooles continue to lease the rights out to "8½," which remains, 25 years after it was first acquired, an essential part of the Corinth business.
Oddly enough, Poole has never had any contact with Fellini, who passed away in 1993, or any member of his family.
"If Fellini's daughter ever visits New York, I'd be very happy to make her acquaintance," Poole Jr. says. "It would be an honor. Mr. Fellini's film is the cornerstone of Corinth Films. Before the end of my life, I'd love to meet his daughter and tell her how much Mr. Fellini means to all of us at Corinth."
Amy Longsdorf is a freelance writer.
Jodi Duckett, editor
jodi.duckett@mcalll.com
ITALIAN FILM SERIES
• "The Bicycle Thief," Tuesday July 22: Academy Award-winning 1948 film, directed by Vittorio De Sica, follows a man in poverty-stricken postwar Rome whose bicycle is stolen on his first day of a new job. With his young son in tow, he sets off to track down the thief.
• "8 1/2," Aug. 5: Frederico Fellini film of 1963 stars Marcello Mastroianni as Fellini's alter ego Guido Anselmi, a film director overwhelmed by the large-scale production he has undertaken as he juggles romantic relationships.
•"Marriage Italian Style," Aug. 19: Lighthearted 1964 film directed by Vittorio De Sica follows Marcello Mastoianni and Sophia Loren as a successful businessman and his young lover through a tumultous relationship.
•Details: Films at 7:30 p.m. at Civic's 19th Street Theatre, 527 N. 19th St., Allentown. In Italian with English subtitles. Tickets: $7; $5, Civic Theatre and Allentown Art Museum members. http://www.civictheatre.com, 610-432-0888


It's funny to watch the progress of our anniversaries through the years. After we got married, we both thought we should honor the traditional wedding gift themes by year (e.g., paper for first year, cotton for second, leather for third), but rather than just buy a gift, it has to be something we put our own effort into.
The first year, we worked very hard on our gifts. It was actually quite hard to find time to work on them secretly when the other person wasn't around. The second year, we both ended up gifting our gifts about a week late. And now, after celebrating our third anniversary a few months ago, I'm still waiting on my gift. Maybe I'll get it by Christmas?
On a somewhat related note, we recently finished watching the series Master of None on Netflix. I was pleasantly surprised by how much I enjoyed it. The episode "Mornings," was my absolute favorite. It really struck a chord with me, and was one of the most honest portrayals of the ups and downs of a relationship I've seen in a very long time. I definitely recommend watching it if you haven't yet!


text:
Share this Story: U.S. small firms leave $150 billion in coronavirus stimulus untapped
U.S. small firms leave $150 billion in coronavirus stimulus untapped
Ann Saphir and Howard Schneider
SAN FRANCISCO/WASHINGTON — When the U.S. government first rolled out forgivable loans to small businesses in early April under the Paycheck Protection Program, loan officers at Bank of the West in Grapevine, Texas worked nights and weekends to process a tsunami of applications.
But since those first few frantic weeks, demand has "just dried up," said bank president Cindy Blankenship. On May 15 the bank stopped taking applications for PPP loans.
U.S. small firms leave $150 billion in coronavirus stimulus untapped Back to video
Nationally the program remains active. But data from the Small Business Administration shows net weekly PPP lending has actually been negative since mid-May, as fewer firms applied for loans, and some borrowers returned funds. https://tmsnrt.rs/2ZuvQvc
All told, the SBA says it had approved $512.2 billion in PPP loans as of May 21. That's nearly $150 billion less than the $660 billion allocated to the program, which was designed to keep Americans on company payrolls and off unemployment assistance.
Many of Bank of the West's PPP borrowers haven't touched their PPP loan deposits, which total $87 million, Blankenship says, partly because they are confused about the terms. "I think it's a mixture of uncertainty and anxiety and fear, and the uncontrollable factor about employment and rehiring."
The money left unborrowed and unspent under the program – a flagship of Congress' $2.9 trillion effort to cushion the economic crush of the coronavirus pandemic – represents a lost opportunity. Businesses were supposed to use it to retain workers, but may have been laying them off instead of tapping the money.
Some 38.6 million people have filed for unemployment insurance since the crisis began, and the unemployment rate is expected to near or surpass the 25% record reached in the Great Depression.
The SBA does not provide estimates of how many jobs have been protected by the 4.4 million loans made to date under the program.
The agency did not respond to Reuters' requests for comment.
Business owners first saw the program as a lifeline during the coronavirus crisis. They are now worried that confusing and changing rules may keep them from converting the money to a grant, meaning they will need to pay it back.
To ensure forgiveness, for instance, firms need to spend three-quarters of the funds on payroll. But for some firms that doesn't leave enough to cover overhead. Others don't have enough work to justify rehiring many of their pre-crisis staff.
A survey by small business lobbying group Main Street Alliance showed 55% of members who were PPP borrowers were worried about loan forgiveness.
There are broader reasons for the program's loss of popularity that are outside the SBA's control.
It was designed to cover eight weeks of pay, allowing companies to stay afloat, retain employees, and be ready to quickly restart when pandemic restrictions were eased.
But even as states like Texas reopen, health authorities are limiting capacity at restaurants and retailers, and customers have been slow to return.
Potential borrowers are "uncertain when we are going to reopen, uncertain what the demand will look like, uncertain about use of the program funds," said Bill Keller, president of Oakland-based Community Bank of the Bay.
Another barrier to PPP use is competing stimulus programs. Workers who lose their jobs due to the virus get an extra $600 weekly through July as part of enhanced unemployment benefits passed in March, netting many service workers more than if they returned to a PPP-subsidized job.
Some companies have opted for the Employee Retention Tax Credit (ERTC), also created by Congress in March, because it provides more certainty than the PPP, says Main Street Alliance's Sarah Crozier. The ERTC, a refundable tax credit against wages paid, cannot be combined with a PPP loan, and essentially acts like a payroll subsidy.
RETURNED BUT NOT REUSED
Public companies have returned a total of $453 million in PPP loans, according to data compiled by FactSquared.
The returns came after the Treasury Department said large borrowers would be audited and weren't the intended recipients. About one-fourth of the amount was from hotel group Ashford Inc. and affiliates, which drew heavy criticism for taking the loans.
Those funds haven't been lent anew, based on SBA data to date. Ashford and its affiliates have laid off about 13,000 since the pandemic began, filings show.
This week Congress will consider bills to ease some of the PPP rules, allowing firms more leeway for using the funds and repaying any that isn't forgiven.
"They need to make it more enticing – or at least applicable to the people that need it," Bank of the West's Blankenship said.
(Additional reporting by Lindsay Dunsmuir; Editing by Heather Timmons and Andrea Ricci)


Rising early this morning we drive to the Etosha National Park. Etosha is the venue for some of the most unique game viewing experiences in Africa. Today we explore the edges of Etosha Pan in search of the abundant wildlife that occurs in the park. Our truck offers us an elevated platform and we will spend some time at the many waterholes dotted throughout the park.
We rise early and take aim for Windhoek, the capital city of Namibia. Today we make a brief stop at the craft markets of Okahandja before arriving in Windhoek in the afternoon. We will take a short walk through the city centre and have the opportunity to view some its better known landmarks. Tonight we have the chance to eat at Windhoek's most famous eatery, Joe's Beer House has gained an international reputation for its venison dishes and quirky atmosphere.


text:
O Equador Football Club foi um clube de futebol brasileiro de Recife, Pernambuco. Fundado em 1922, tinha  uniforme de cores amarelo e verde. Seu mascote era o canário. Participou do Campeonato Pernambucano de Futebol entre os anos de 1922/24, 1926/29. Obteve em 66 jogos: 9 vitórias, 6 empates e 51 derrotas, com 53 gols pró e 178 gols contra. Estádio: Jaqueira.

Bibliografia
 Cordeiro, Carlos Celso & Luciano Guedes. (2001). Campeonato Pernambucano 1915 a 1970. Recife: Ed. dos autores.

Clubes de futebol do Recife
Clubes de futebol fundados em 1922
Fundações no Brasil em 1922

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
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British General Officer Completes Historic U.S. Army, Afghanistan Command Tour
By David BurgeJuly 16, 2020
1 / 4 Show Caption + Hide Caption – British Army Brig. Gen. Leigh Tingey, the deputy commanding general-maneuver of 1st Armored Division, poses in front of the 1AD headquarters at Fort Bliss, Texas, July 1. Tingey has served as the 1AD DCG-M since 2018 and has recently completed a deployment to Afghanistan where he served as the commander of Task Force-Southeast. (U.S. Army photo by Pfc. Matthew Marcellus) (Photo Credit: Pfc. Matthew Marcellus) VIEW ORIGINAL
2 / 4 Show Caption + Hide Caption – British Army Brig. Gen. Leigh Tingey, the deputy commanding general-maneuver of 1st Armored Division, poses in front of the 1AD headquarters at Fort Bliss, Texas, July 1. Tingey provided his leadership and experience to 1AD as the DCG-M since 2018, impacting and influencing Soldiers at all levels. (U.S. Army photo by Pfc. Matthew Marcellus) (Photo Credit: Pfc. Matthew Marcellus) VIEW ORIGINAL
3 / 4 Show Caption + Hide Caption – British Army Brig. Gen. Leigh Tingey, the deputy commanding general-maneuver of 1st Armored Division, poses in front of the 1AD headquarters at Fort Bliss, Texas, July 1. Tingey has recently completed a deployment to Afghanistan where he served as the commander of Task Force-Southeast, and has served as the 1AD DCG-M since 2018. (U.S. Army photo by Pfc. Matthew Marcellus) (Photo Credit: Pfc. Matthew Marcellus) VIEW ORIGINAL
4 / 4 Show Caption + Hide Caption – British Army Brig. Gen. Leigh Tingey, the deputy commanding general-maneuver of 1st Armored Division, stands at the 1AD headquarters at Fort Bliss, Texas, July 1. Tingey returned from a deployment to Afghanistan in March, where he served as the commander of Task Force-Southeast, providing his leadership capabilities to missions throughout the region. (U.S. Army photo by Pfc. Matthew Marcellus) (Photo Credit: Pfc. Matthew Marcellus) VIEW ORIGINAL
A British general officer is wrapping up a history-making tenure with one of the U.S. Army's most well-respected organizations.
Brig. Leigh R. Tingey has served for nearly two years as the deputy commanding general for maneuver for the 1st Armored Division and Fort Bliss in West Texas.
He recently returned from a nine-month deployment in Afghanistan where he served as commander of a task force consisting of about 1,500 U.S. service members, Department of Defense civilian employees and contractors in the Southeastern part of the country.
"It was an honor," said Tingey, a 50-year-old native of Cambridge. "I can literally think of only two or three other British officers who have previously had the privilege of commanding U.S. soldiers on operations."
Tingey, in his role as commander of Task Force-Southeast, conducted a train, advise and assist mission.
"The primary mission was working alongside our Afghan partners – the Afghan army and Afghan national police – and helping them improve the way they organize themselves, train and conduct operations," Tingey said.
In particular, Tingey's task force worked closely with Afghanistan's 203rd Thunder Corps, commanded by Maj. Gen. Khanullah Shuja.
"I actually commanded U.S. troops," Tingey said. "I had just one other British officer with me, and that was my legal adviser. I had to have a U.S. legal adviser and a British legal adviser, because of the slight differences we have on how we target and engage the enemy."
"It was a phenomenal nine months," Tingey added. "We were extremely busy, and despite the challenges, made significant progress in Southeastern Afghanistan."
Tingey deployed with elements from the 1st Armored Division headquarters, and they began returning in a staggered fashion this spring.
He returned to Fort Bliss in April and promptly had to go into a 14-day quarantine as a precaution against the Covid-19 pandemic.
"As a precaution, every soldier coming back was quarantined for 14 days to make sure we didn't bring anything back to the local community here (in West Texas)," Tingey said.
"That was very well-organized," he continued. "We were well fed and well housed in air-conditioned tents. We were able to do training each day and go on runs on a half-mile track. It was as good as it could be."
"But I won't lie to you," Tingey said. "It was frustrating. I spent nine months away and I was literally about 15 miles from home. But it was a precaution that was necessary."
Tingey has served with the 1st Armored Division, America's Tank Division, since August 2018, as part of its command team.
He is the second British general officer to serve in this role as part of a far-reaching exchange program. About 2,500 British service members and their families serve in the United States in 28 states, Tingey said.
About 20,000 U.S. service members and family members are stationed in the United Kingdom.
"As a partnership, we are like critical friends," Tingey said. "Sometimes our views are different, and we can disagree openly with each other, but broadly speaking what we are trying to achieve is very similar. We might want to do it in slightly different ways, but what we ultimately want is a free democratic society that respects human rights and the rule of law. We want the same end-state."
Before going to Afghanistan as part of the 1st Armored Divison's headquarters team, Tingey helped get the organization ready for its mission. This train-up included going through a division-level Warfighter exercise here at Fort Bliss.
After a brief vacation after his deployment and subsequent quarantine, Tingey is now back at work at Fort Bliss, helping the 1st Armored Division with readiness and modernization. In particular, he is helping brigades and other units get ready for future deployments around the world.
Tingey is scheduled to leave Fort Bliss in late July and return to the United Kingdom where he will work closely with the commander of the Field Army, Lt. Gen. Ivan Jones.
Upon his return, he will work in a role that capitalizes on his experiences with the U.S. Army and the 1st Armored Division and help the British Army with readiness and modernization.
"(Lt. Gen. Jones) has created a job for me, based on what I've done here – the very unique experience of a Warfighter exercise, training armored brigade combat teams and commanding a U.S. task force in Afghanistan for nine months. That is unique," Tingey said. "No one in the British Army has done anything like that."
At Fort Bliss, Tingey will be succeeded by British Brig. Andrew Cox, who will be the third British general to serve with the command team of the 1st Armored Division.
For Tingey and his family, the past two years have been a remarkable experience.
His wife, Kerry, and their Chocolate Labrador, Henry, joined him in the United States. Their three children – Ben, 19; Olivia, 17; and Will, 15 – stayed in the United Kingdom and continued their schooling, but visited as often as they could on school holidays.
The family traveled extensively throughout the United States and made lots of friends both in the military and civilian worlds, Tingey said.
"It has been a most incredible two years, both being here at Fort Bliss and getting to work with the people of the (1st Armored) Division," he said. "We have gotten to know the local area, the local people and the local culture. We have loved it."
"We will miss a lot of what we have done here, and commanding a U.S. task force in Afghanistan was a truly massive honor and privilege," Tingey said.
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text:
Rikers
Had A
Farm:
E-I-E-I-O
. . . and
does!
(3rd of 4 pages)
Pen and pens
co-existed
for a while.
3 aerial photo details of Rikers Island after the opening of the penitentiary complex. From Page 14 of a special Jan. 1, 1934 - June 30, 1941 report by Correction Commissioner Dr. Peter F. Amoroso.
As these three sections of an aerial photo in a 1941 DOC report show, more than ample acreage remained available for pig pens and other farming structures after the opening of the Penitentiary complex in 1935.
The barn and coops near the lower right corner of the image spread across the very top of this page are the same ones seen, albeit from a different perspective and closer range, in the top-of-the-page image of Page 2 of this presentation.
Farm Title Goes, Farming Continues
Of course, the opening of Penitentiary and Hospital ended Rikers Island being designated in the departmental directory listings as the Municipal Farm, but farming continued on the island without that formal designation.
Cover of 1941 DOC report.
As Correction Commissioner Peter F. Amoroso wrote on Page 70 in his 1941 report:
"A 100-acre farm. operated by 50 inmates under supervision of skilled farm instructor raises a variety of vegetables.
"A piggery, with 700 swine, produces 110,000 pounds of pork annually. A greenhouse is now in use."
On Page 26, the commissioner cited the DOC farms on Rikers and Hart Islands in NYC and at New Hampton, Orange County and declared "Expansion of all farms has been provided for." On the same page, he also reported:
"A [tree] nursery has been established at Rikers Island to supply stock for the City parks. The work is done by inmate labor under the direction of the Parks Department headed by Commissioner Robert Moses."
Amoroso, who had a keen interest in history, took a portion of Page 68 to sketch in short phrases the island's DOC story:
"HISTORY: Original land 87 acres in extent. Increased to 400 acres by dumping ashes and other wastes. Present buildings [Penitentiary, Workhouse, Hospital] largely on original land but piling under foundations necessary in some places. Slight settlement has occurred but now apparently stopped.
Commissioner Peter F. Amoroso 10/16/40 -- 12/27/46
"Dumping by the Department of Sanitation stopped in vicinity of the institution and dumps are landscaped by Department of Parks in preparation for World's Fair. When broken down, dumps make tillable farm land.
"Island formerly called Municipal Farms: 150 - 400 prisoners in wooded barracks. Construction of penitentiary started in January 1931. Prisoners (145) transferred from Welfare island Penitentiary in June 1935. Census reached 1700 when last prisoner transferred from Welfare Island Penitentiary in February 1936. Hospital opened in March 1936. Last prisoner transferred from [Welfare Island] Correction Hospital (Workhouse) in October 1936.
"Institution now completed: all furnishings and equipment received. Present census over 2500."
Four years later the farm expansion that the commissioner had mentioned in his 1941 report evidentially was still taking place. This is indicated by an interesting paragraph under the heading Bureau of Engineering and Maintenance on Page 25 of Amoroso's 1945 annual report.
"The types of jobs completed involved electrical, plumbing, carpentry, iron work, boiler, locks etc. as well as the construction of the Protestant Chapel and Mission House and the erection of large chicken houses."
Add Acres for Agriculture
Amoroso's successor as Correction Commissioner, Albert Williams, declared on Page 32 of his 5-year report (Dec.26 , 1946 to Dec. 31, 1951) that "The {Rikers] hennery was extended, grounds graded and a modern slaughter house installed."
Williams also discussed on Page 42 and Page 66 the details of land reclamation on the island:
Commissioner Albert Williams 12/27/46 -- 12/31/53
"An extensive land reclamation project is now under way on Rikers Island, which was made possible with the removal of the department of Sanitation dumping plant, formerly used for disposal of waste materials from City-wide collections.
"High hills of refuse are in the process of being razed and extensive holes filled in. In order to accomplish this 25 dump trucks which were relinquished by various City Departments . . . .
"When this project is completed, there will be additional acreage for farm activities. Five new area will be assigned for this purpose, thus expanding the farm to 137 acres .
"The tree nursery operated by the Department of Parks with inmate labor will be expanded threefold to 69 acres . . .""
The first of Anna M. Kross more than a dozen reports – 1953 – devoted all of Page 43 to "The Rikers Island Tree and Nursery Project:"
"This cooperative venture between the Department of Correction and the Department of Parks, dating back about 15 years, is a most productive program from both a financial and occupational therapeutic point of view.
"During the year 5,010 tree and 15,500 scrubs were removed from the Nursery for shipment and transplanting. . . .
"Estimated and Approximate Valuation: $106,450.00.
From front cover of the 1954 annual report of the NYC Dept. of Correction -- Anna M. Kross' second report as its commissioner.
"No recovery credit is given the Department of Correction for the services rendered to other municipal departments.
"An average of 200 alcoholic and sentenced narcotic addicts are assigned in separate groups and work gangs, to maintain this gainful activity.
"To direct the technical tree-planting phase of the project several Department of Parks' employees are assigned and they are accompanied by our custodial personnel for the supervision of the inmates.
"The physical health of the men shows marked improvement here, with individual gains of 25 to 35 lbs. In weight after a period of time in this active outdoor work.
"The opportunity to learn a gainful vocational activity is evident, for those so inclined, as there are definite opportunities of employment on release in this field of endeavor."
On Page 14 she noted that:
"The Land Reclamation Project continues on the south end of Rikers Island, and additional acreage of productive land is steadily being added to the institutional farm area and that section used by the Department of Correction and Department of Parks' Tree Nursery Project."
Poultry Project's Rise & Fall
Page 41 of AMK's 1953 report included "Farming" statistics for DOC's Rikers and New Hampton farms. The island was credited with 3,887 dozen eggs; 13,945 pounds of poultry from chicks; 52,193 pounds of vegetables produced; 115 tons of fertilizer produced.
In her next report, on Page 42 under the subheading "Poultry Farm," the commissioner noted that;
"During 1954 the Department found it unnecessary to purchase poultry from outside sources for the Rikers Island institution, thus reflecting an annual savings of $1,500.
"Since the entire incubation process is being centered at Rikers Island, the poultry project shows an increased from 6000 yo 13,000 chickens on hand. The first shipment of chickens hatched at Rikers Island has been made to the New Hampton Farms Reformatory . . . ."
Page 57 of the 1961 report included a photo of an inmate handing a plant from the Rikers Island gardening project to a Red Cross nurse who had participated as a volunteer in the Blood Donor Program on the island. Page xxxi to Page xxxiii of the same report include the 1961-62 annual report of the Rikers Board of Medication P.S. 616. Among the listed highlights was:
"Greenhouse program . P.S. 616, Bronx, has organized a conservation program with P.S. 43. Bronx, which received favorable mention from the district superintendent and principal."
In connection with this mention of P.S. 616 teaching how to grow and care for plants and flowers, bear in mind that annual reports down through the decades often included lists of civilian job titles and the number employees holding that title. For example, the 1956 report on Page viii listed 4 civilian personnel budget lines for "Institutional Trades Instructor (Farming)" title.
On Page 51 of her 1962 report, Commissioner Kross declared, without elaboration:
"The poultry farm on Rikers Island was discontinued at the end of March, 1962."
The reason for the poultry farm's discontinuance appears easy enough to deduce from sections in the report detailing the construction underway and planned for the southern end of the island in the farm's vicinity: C-71 (now known as the Adolescent Reception and Detention Center), C-76 (now known as the Eric M. Taylor Center) and the bridge.
Click the underlined page description link to access its page.
Rikers family farm & Municipal Farm Previous
Land Tilling & Landfilling Current -
Eggery, piggery & tree nursery Next
Trees go but vegs & flowers linger.
The New York Sun full story "At Work on Rikers, in the Garden of Good and Evil" by staff reporter Lauren Elkies published Friday, August 12, 2005.


We've been waiting on official release information for the adidas Yung-1 for months now but finally its release date has been confirmed.
The Yung-1 is adidas' latest sneaker for the on-trend "dad shoe" craze and the brand has more bulky shoes like the Yung Chasm coming. According to adidas, the Yung-1 is inspired by sportswear fashion of the early 2000s.
Interestingly, the color scheme of this latest Yung-1 (which is live on adidas.com) resembles the get-up of an iconic Dragon Ball Z character, Goku. In the show, Goku wears an orange gi with a blue undergarment that posed as weighted clothing for training purposes. He tied his gi with a blue belt wrapped around the waist and a pair of blue weighted boots for fighting. It is difficult not to make the connection as leaks of an adidas x Dragon Ball Z collection have been reported on since last year.
According to the brand, the adidas Yung-1 features a mesh upper with some nubuck overlays. The shoe uses a traditional lace closure, opts for a wide fit, and rides atop a sculpted lightweight EVA midsole. adidas' stabilizing Torsion system should offer some support.
The adidas Yung-1 is set to release on June 21 at 10 AM ET for $120 at adidas.com. Two colorways will be available — Hi-Res Orange/Shock Yellow and Chalk White/Core Black/Collegiate Navy — with more coming fast.
What are your thoughts on the adidas Yung-1? Will you cop or drop? Let us know in the comments below.


text:
Heartburn (1986): Mike Nichols' Minor Melodrama, Starring Meryl Streep and Jack Nicholson
June 2, 2012 by EmanuelLevy
A mildly engaging, bitter-sweet melodrama about marriage on the rocks, "Heartburn" is decently (but no more) acted by Meryl Streep and Jack Nicholson, perhaps because both are playing unappealing, self-absorbed characters.
As is well known, Nora Ephron's novel "Heartburn" is a thinly disguised memoir in which she rehashed of her marriage to the "Washington Post" star reporter Carl Bernstein.
Meryl Streep plays Rachel, a food critic who marries the charismatic columnist Mark (Jack Nicholson) after a whirlwind courtship. Warned that Mark is constitutionally incapable of settling down with any one woman, Rachel gives up her job and moves to Washington DC to help make her marriage work.
When Rachel announces that she's pregnant, Mark is seemingly joyous. But deep down, Mark chafes at the impending responsibilities of fatherhood, and begins (or rather continues) cheating on her.
Considering it's a personal film, Ephron's scenario is disappointingly shallow and verbose. Moreover, it's never clear what drew Rachel to Mark in the first place: There is not a single scene that conveys real love or passion between them.
Before her own wedding, the petrified Rachel, who had been married before, locks herself in a hotel room, refusing to go out, and one by one, members of her family and friends pay a visit, trying to talk sense into her.
Mike Nichols gives the empty film a glitzy look, surrounding Streep and Nicholson with several friends, among them director Milos Forman and Stockard Channing.
The movie offers minor, incidental rewards, such as the sequence in which Rachel and her friends are robbed at a therapy group (the young, still non-famous Kevin Spacey is the robber, in his film debut).
"How is it possible to live with someone and not know something so fundamental?" Rachel's friends wonder out loud, while gossiping about the latest scandalous extra-marital affair on Capitol Hill. "It's possible," Rachel says, before dumping a pie on Mark's face, before walking out on him—this time for good. This scene is a cheap shot and a mistake.
The only genuine scenes are between Rachel and her father in New York, where she escapes a number of times from her philandering husband.
Meryl Streep's real-life daughter, Mamie Gummer (who would become an actress), appears in the film as Rachel's daughter.
Running time: 109 Minutes.
Directed by Mike Nichols
Screenplay: Nora Ephron
DVD: July 6, 2004


I accidently clicked never register my iPhone when I plugged it in?
What does registering it do and how can I do it now that I accidently clicked that?
You've created a hole in the time space continuum. There's no going back unless you can find a wormhole.
You are entitled to a full year of FREE phone support from Apple.
If the person answering initially is uncertain of the answer or unhelpful, insist on being transferred to a Product Specialist.
How are fluorescent colors different then regular colors?


text:
Bernie Sanders Abandons Presidential Bid
Socialist leaves the field, giving Democratic nomination to Joe Biden …
by FITSNews April 8, 2020 May 4, 2020 025
2020 Democratic Presidential Primary2020 Presidential ElectionBernie SandersDonald TrumpFeaturedHillary ClintonJoe Biden
Bowing (again) to the Democratic establishment, socialist U.S. senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont abandoned his 2020 presidential campaign on Wednesday – essentially delivering the Democratic presidential nomination to former U.S. vice president Joe Biden.
"Today I am suspending my campaign," Sanders announced. "But while the campaign ends, the struggle for justice continues on."
Sanders' decision to drop out of the race removes the last obstacle to the Democratic nomination for Biden – who just forty days ago had been left for dead by the national punditry after disappointing finishes in early-voting Iowa and New Hampshire.
Biden started his comeback on February 29 with a blowout win in early-voting South Carolina, then built on that momentum with a decisive victory three days later on Super Tuesday.
"Just call him the Lazarus candidate," we noted at the time, referencing his rapid-fire political resurrection.
(Via: Joe Biden for President)
Biden (above) – who contorted himself into any number of far left positions during the Democratic primary – welcomed Sanders' exit from the race with effusive praise for his erstwhile rival.
"I know Bernie well," Biden tweeted. "He's a good man, a great leader, and one of the most powerful voices for change in our country. And it's hard to sum up his contributions to our politics in one, single tweet. So I won't try to."
In a statement posted to Medium, Biden elaborated.
"Bernie has done something rare in politics," he wrote. "He hasn't just run a political campaign; he's created a movement. And make no mistake about it, I believe it's a movement that is as powerful today as it was yesterday. That's a good thing for our nation and our future."
Is it, though?
Sanders' campaign promises would have cost American taxpayers a staggering $97.5 trillion. That number is scarcely fathomable – even in our new era of multi-trillion dollar government stimulus laws.
Again, though, Biden veered wildly to the left during the Democratic primary – so maybe he's more convinced that socialism is a "good thing" for our nation than we previously thought?
We will find out soon enough …
Sanders has run unsuccessfully for the White House twice now. In 2016, he was defeated by Hillary Clinton – with a capable assist from the Democratic party. Sanders later endorsed Clinton, but his radical backers – the "Bernie Bros." – were never sold on her candidacy. In fact, we believe that was one of the factors that contributed to U.S. president Donald Trump's upset victory in November 2016.
This rift is not a thing of the past, either, as Clinton made it abundantly clear during the 2020 race that she was no fan of Sanders.
(Via: The White House)
Now that the 2020 election is all but assured to be a Biden versus Trump affair, what do we make of the contest to come?
Obviously, Trump backers have long believed Biden was the biggest threat to their candidate – hence their failed effort to infiltrate early-voting South Carolina's open primary to cast votes on behalf of Sanders.
Are they correct in that assessment, though?
We have never thought so …
In addition to his recent leftist contortions – which we described as "part of his shameless effort to appeal to an increasingly left-leaning Democratic establishment" – Biden remains weighted down by the same anchor his own party used in its failed effort to throw Trump out of office.
We have long believed Biden's ultimate weakness in an election against Trump remains his proximity to the "Ukrainian meddling" scandal that led to the latter's December 2019 impeachment. As we we have frequently pointed out, Democrats' decision to engage Trump on the one issue where their own party's 2020 standard-bearer was similarly (and in fact more directly) implicated defies comprehension.
Seriously … how do Democrats plan on nominating a candidate whose own conduct in relation to Ukraine is far worse than the conduct for which they attempted to oust Trump?
Beyond all of that, there remain compelling questions as to Biden's mental fitness – questions that are likely to intensify as the campaign progresses.
Bottom line? For the second election cycle in a row, the Democratic establishment has gotten the candidate it wanted. The candidate it believes to be the most "electable."
Now we will find out whether that candidate can actually win an election …
-FITSNews
Got something you'd like to say in response to one of our articles? Or an issue you'd like to address proactively? We have an open microphone policy here at FITSNews! Submit your letter to the editor (or guest column) via email HERE. Got a tip for a story? CLICK HERE. Got a technical question or a glitch to report? CLICK HERE.
Banner: Bernie Sanders for President
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SC House Speaker Assails Santee Cooper For Its Obstructionism Amid Coronavirus Crisis
94 Million Americans Have Already Voted
FITSNews November 2, 2020 November 2, 2020
Elizabeth Warren: More Troubles With The Truth?
FITSNews October 8, 2019 October 12, 2019
The Sexual Assault Allegations Against Joe Biden Have Exposed A Dangerous Double Standard


Kid's here was about to start to eat their lunch. They were given food by the volunteers who goes around them. They are patiently waiting for them to accept the food. They were arranged in a straight line so it will be easy for the volunteers to give them food. I was watching those kids eating. Even most of them don't go to school because of hardship of life, they are still well mannered. They know when to be playful and when to be silent. All are nice kids.


TÜV NORD Integra is recognised by the Flemish, Walloon and Brussels Capital region as a certification organisation for the organic production in the framework of the Council Regulation EC 834/2007.
Since 3 December 2018, TÜV NORD Integra is also recognised by the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg as a certification organisation for the organic production in the framework of the Council Regulation EC 834/2007.
TÜV NORD Integra is also recognised as a certification organisation by the Belgian Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain (www.fasfc.be), in the framework of the Royal Decree of 14 November 2003 regarding self-checking, reporting duty and traceability in the food chain.


text:
<?php namespace Model;

class TemperaturesPodsAreas extends NestableTree {

    protected $table = 'temperatures_pods_areas';

    protected $fillable = [
        'root',
        'parent_id',
        'unit_id',
        'type',
        'name',
        'description',
        'rule_description',
        'lang',
        'warning_min',
        'warning_max',
        'valid_min',
        'valid_max',
    ];
    public $rules = [
        'group' => [
            'name'=> 'required|min:5|max:255'
        ],
        'area'  => [
            'name'             => 'required|min:5|max:255',
            'rule_description' => 'required|max:255',
            'type'             => 'required',
            'valid_min'  => 'required|numeric|between:-50,150',
            'valid_max'  => 'required|numeric|between:-50,150',
        ],
    ];

    public $group = 'pods';

    public function delete()
    {
        \Model\TemperaturesAlertBox::whereAreaId($this->id)->whereGroup($this->group)->delete();
        return parent::delete();
    }

    public function excludeTimeframe()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo('\Model\TemperaturesPodsTimeExclude','id','area_id');
    }

    public function pods()
    {
        return $this->belongsToMany('\Model\TemperaturesPodsSensors', 'assigned_pods_sensors','pod_area_id','pod_sensor_id');
    }

    public function parent()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo('\Model\TemperaturesPodsAreas','parent_id');
    }

    public function savePods(array $podsIds)
    {
        if(!empty($podsIds)) {
            \Model\AssignedPodsSensors::whereIn('pod_sensor_id',$podsIds)->delete();
            $this->pods()->sync($podsIds);
        } else {
            $this->pods()->detach();
        }
    }

    public function getTreeFromDB($roles = null)
    {
        $root = $this->getRoot($roles);
        if(!$root){
            $root = $this->createRoot($roles);
        }
        $entities = $this::
        whereLang($root -> lang) ->
        whereUnitId($root -> unit_id) ->
        orderBy('sort', 'ASC') ->
        get();
        $groups = $this -> _groupByParents($entities);
        return $this -> _makeTree($groups);
    }

    public function getRoot($roles = null)
    {
        $user = \Auth::user();
        return $this ->
        whereLang($user -> lang) ->
        whereUnitId($user -> unitId()) ->
        where('name', '=', 'ROOT') ->
        where('type', '=', 'ROOT') ->
        first();
    }

    public function createRoot($roles = null)
    {
        $user = \Auth::user();
        $this -> name = 'ROOT';
        $this -> type = 'ROOT';
        $this -> parent_id = 0;
        $this -> unit_id   = $user -> unitId();
        $this -> lang      = $user -> lang;
        $this -> save();
        return $this;
    }

    public function temperatures()
    {
        return $this->hasMany('\Model\TemperaturesForPods', 'area_id');
    }

    public function getLastTemperature()
    {
        $temperatures = $this -> temperatures();
        $temperatures = $temperatures -> count() ? $temperatures : false;
        return $temperatures ? $temperatures->whereRaw('id IN (SELECT max(id) FROM temperatures_for_pods GROUP BY area_id)')->first() : null;
    }

    public function getLastTempToday()
    {
        return $this -> temperatures() -> where('created_at', '>', \Carbon::today()) -> where('created_at', '<', \Carbon::now())->orderBy('created_at','DESC')->first();
    }

    public function getTodayTemperatures($limit = 10)
    {
        return $this -> temperatures() -> where('created_at', '>', \Carbon::today()) -> where('created_at', '<', \Carbon::now())->orderBy('created_at','desc')->take($limit)->get();
    }

    public function getUrl( $type = 'item' )
    {
        switch ($type){
            case 'item' : $url = '/item/'.$this->id; break;
            case 'section' :  $url = ''; break;
            default : $url = ''; break;
        }
        return $this -> section_url . $url ;
    }

    public function checkAccess()
    {
        $user = \Auth::user();
        if ( $user -> hasRole('local-manager') || $user -> hasRole('visitor') )
            return $this -> unit_id == $user -> unit() -> id;
        elseif ( $user -> hasRole('hq-manager') ) {
            return $this -> unit_id == $user -> headquarter() -> id;
        }
        else
            return true; //as admin
    }

    public function getNavitasMessage()
    {
        $area = $this;
        $message = $area->rule_description;
        preg_match_all ('/{([^{]+?)}/', $message, $matches);
        foreach ($matches[0] as $key => $match){

            $smallTag = strtolower($matches[1][$key]);
            if(isset($this->defaultPlaceholder[$smallTag]))
                $value = $this->defaultPlaceholder[$smallTag];
            else
                $value = '<b>'.$area->{$smallTag}.'</b>';

            $message = str_replace($match, $value, $message);
        }
        return $message;
    }

    public function getParentsNames($item = null, $arr = [])
    {
        $item = $item ? : $this;
        $parent = $item -> parent;
        return ($parent && $parent->lvl) ? $item->getParentsNames($parent,array_merge([ $parent -> name ],$arr)) : $arr;
    }
}


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text:
Samsung to supply LCD screens for Nokia phones
South Korea's Samsung Electronics Co will start supplying liquid crystal display screens to Nokia, the world's largest maker of mobile phones.
South Korea's Samsung Electronics Co will start supplying liquid crystal display screens to Nokia, the world's largest maker of mobile phones, news reports said on Friday.
Samsung will start selling them as early as the second half of this year and is expected to initially provide more than 20 million units a year, the Electronic Times said, citing an unidentified Samsung official.
Last year alone, Samsung sold 92 million small-sized LCDs. Under the new deal, Samsung may increase its annual output by an additional 50 million units, the report said.
The move comes as Nokia tries to diversify its suppliers beyond Japan and as Samsung tries to fend off rival panel makers in Asia, South Korea's Yonhap news agency said.
Samsung spokeswoman Lee Soo-jeong could not immediately comment on the reports and said she was looking into them. Kim Ji-won, marketing director of Nokia's Seoul office, said he did not have any information about such a tie up.
Samsung, which competes directly against Nokia in the global mobile phone handset market, would be one of several Nokia suppliers of LCDs, including Japan's Sharp Corp., the Electronic Times said.


Edited by Monique Leslie Akassi, Ph.D.
Cover Design: Nate Meyers of Wilhelm Design Co.
This is a ground-breaking work that addresses and challenges every teacher of English composition who is committed to preventing a cultural underclass of writers of the English language. It is a collection of essays. Fourteen scholars, including the author, from different academic institutions, share research that has helped them shape their pedagogy and methodology regarding the teaching of students, which is a significant population, whose first language is not the Standard English dialect.
This work looks at the process methodology and the traditional methodology. It shows how they can be combined to serve all students effectively. No other work, as of this posting, has put forth such a comprehensive and scholarly discussion. Sometimes, when people see the words "marginalized students," they only think of racial minority students. However, as one reads this work, any intelligent reader will see that these words and the content applies to the many Caucasian students who are not a part of the "culture of power." They, too, are marginalized students. Any academician, high school or college level, who is serious about wanting to improve every one of his or her students' writing skills so that they can love to write and benefit personally, socially, and economically from the development of solid writing skills should and must read this work!


text:
About MIBP
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Michigan's resource for what you need to make smart health choices.
Traverse City Chamber of Commerce Celebrates 100 Years; Installs BCBSM Executive As New Leader
A celebration 100 years in the making brought past and present Traverse City business leaders together for a glamorous start to 2015.
The third largest chamber in Michigan partied like it was 1915 for a centennial bash that honored the past and ushered in hope for a bright future. Attendees flocked to the Grand Traverse Resort for a strolling dinner, short presentation, and mix and mingle reception on Friday, Jan. 23, sponsored by Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan. Some really got into the spirit, dressing in flapper dresses and Roaring '20s attire.
Mark Eckhoff, the chamber's 2014 board chairman, addressed the crowd. He remarked that Traverse City's lakefront location certainly hasn't hurt the region, but that the vacation destination's popularity and success is due to a lot of hard work and dedication from the local business community.
"It is a symbol of the good that can be accomplished when people work together," Eckhoff said.
Jeff Connolly
BCBSM's Jeff Connolly, senior vice president, large group business, and president, West Michigan, will serve as the chamber's new board chairman for 2015. Connolly is a native of Traverse City and his family currently resides there. He said his travels and work with other communities through his work with Blue Cross have shown him how highly regarded the Traverse City chamber and business community are."We're doing something right," he said. "My goal is to continue to support a very good thing."
Connolly said he was humbled by the opportunity and hopes to uphold an already strong business culture in the Northern Michigan community.
The evening was also an opportunity to honor longtime community volunteer and fundraiser, Susanne Janis, with the 2014 Distinguished Service Award.
by Julie Bitely
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text:
Christina von Braun (* 27. Juni 1944 in Rom) ist eine deutsche Kulturwissenschaftlerin, Gendertheoretikerin, emeritierte Professorin, Autorin und Filmemacherin.

Leben und Werk
Christina von Braun ist die Tochter von Hildegard Beck-Margis und des ehemaligen UNO- und Frankreich-Botschafters Sigismund von Braun, der zum Zeitpunkt ihrer Geburt als Legationssekretär in der Botschaft am Heiligen Stuhl in Rom tätig war. Ihr Onkel war der Raketenforscher Wernher von Braun, über den sie 2012 sagte, dass er "mit den größten Verbrechern des 20. Jahrhunderts kollaborierte". Ihre Schwester ist die FDP-Politikerin Carola von Braun. Ihre Großmutter Hildegard Margis starb im Frauengefängnis Barnimstraße, nachdem sie wegen ihres Widerstandes gegen den Nationalsozialismus im Zusammenhang mit der Gruppe um Anton Saefkow und Franz Jacob verhaftet worden war.

Christina von Braun verbrachte ihre ersten Lebensjahre im Vatikan und kam erst 1949 nach Deutschland. Nach Internatsaufenthalten in England und Norddeutschland studierte sie in den USA und Deutschland. Sie schrieb ihre Magisterarbeit an der Universität Bonn über "Die Rolle von Public Relations in den internationalen Beziehungen". Von 1969 bis 1981 war sie als freischaffende Autorin und Filmemacherin in Paris ansässig. In Paris produzierte sie u. a. Filme über den Bestseller Zufall und Notwendigkeit des Molekularbiologen Jacques Monod, die Lebensgeschichte des Schriftstellers André Malraux (BR 1972), ein Gespräch mit Claude Lévi-Strauss (SR 1972), Gustave Flauberts Roman Madame Bovary (SR 1976), die Pariser Stadtplanung des Präfekten Georges-Eugène Haussmann (WDR 1979), die Künstlerin Meret Oppenheim (NDR 1977) und die Stadt Bron (BR 1979).

1981 zog sie mit ihrem Mann und ihren beiden Kindern Anna-Céline und Valentin Elias nach Bonn um.

Von 1991 bis 1993 war sie Fellow am Kulturwissenschaftlichen Institut in Essen.

1994 wurde sie auf den Lehrstuhl für Kulturtheorie mit dem Schwerpunkt Geschlecht und Geschichte am Institut für Kulturwissenschaft an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin berufen. Zu ihren Schwerpunkten in Forschung und Lehre zählen: Gender, Medien, Religion und Moderne, Säkularisierung und Geschichte des Antisemitismus.

Christina von Braun produzierte ca. fünfzig Filmdokumentationen und Fernsehspiele zu kulturhistorischen Themen und verfasste zahlreiche Bücher und Aufsätze über das Wechselverhältnis von Geistesgeschichte und Körpergeschichte.

2013 wurde sie mit dem Sigmund-Freud-Kulturpreis der Deutschen Psychoanalytischen Vereinigung (DPV) und der Deutschen Psychoanalytischen Gesellschaft (DPG) für ihr Œuvre als herausragende Wissenschaftlerin gewürdigt.

Christina von Braun ist mit dem Psychoanalytiker und emeritierten Professor für Psychiatrie Tilo Held (* 1938) verheiratet. Das Ehepaar hat zwei Kinder. Seit 2001 wohnt es zusammen in Berlin.

Universitäre Funktionen
 Mitgründerin und Direktoriumsmitglied des Zentrums Jüdische Studien Berlin-Brandenburg
 Seit 2010 Mitglied im Beirat der Zeitschrift Sexuality & Culture
 2009–2013 Gründerin und Leiterin des "Kollegium Jüdische Studien" an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
 2005–2012 Sprecherin des Graduiertenkollegs Geschlecht als Wissenskategorie
 2005–2007 Leiterin des Zentrum für transdisziplinäre Geschlechterstudien der Humboldt-Universität
 2004–2009 Mitglied im Medizinsenat der Charité
 seit 1998 Mitglied im Beirat der Zeitschrift für Sexualforschung
 Initiatorin, Mitbegründerin und von 1996 bis 2002 Leiterin des Studiengangs Gender Studies an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
 1996–1998 Dekanin der Philosophischen Fakultät III der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
 1990–2000 Mitherausgeberin der Zeitschrift Metis. Zeitschrift für historische Frauenforschung und feministische Praxis

Außeruniversitäre Funktionen
 seit 2010 Mitglied im Beirat des Forums für Interkulturellen Dialog e. V.
 seit 2008 Vizepräsidentin des Goethe-Instituts
 seit 2007 Mitglied im Vorstand der Deutschen Orientstiftung
 seit 2002 Mitglied im Präsidium des Goethe-Instituts
 seit 1999 Gründungsmitglied und Vorstandsmitglied der Grünen Akademie in der Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung
 1999–2005 Mitglied im Präsidium des Evangelischen Kirchentages
 1990–1998 Vorstandsmitglied des Bundesverbandes der Film- und Fernsehregisseure

Auszeichnungen
 2013: Sigmund-Freud-Kulturpreis
 2014: Hedwig-Dohm-Urkunde

Schriften (Auswahl)

 Geschlecht. Eine persönliche und eine politische Geschichte. Propyläen, Berlin 2021, ISBN 978-3-549-10025-7.
 Blutsbande. Verwandtschaft als Kulturgeschichte. Aufbau, Berlin 2018. ISBN 978-3-351-03679-9.
 Wachstum im Wandel: Chancen und Risiken für die Zukunft der Sozialen Marktwirtschaft, herausgegeben von Bertelsmann Stiftung, Beiträge von Christina von Braun und 11 andere, Fotografien von Veit Mette, Bertelsmann Stiftung, Gütersloh 2016, ISBN 978-3-86793-687-3.
 Der Preis des Geldes. Eine Kulturgeschichte. Aufbau, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-351-02710-0.
 Verschleierte Wirklichkeit. Die Frau, der Islam und der Westen. Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-351-02643-1 (zusammen mit Bettina Mathes).
 Stille Post. Eine andere Familiengeschichte. Propyläen, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-549-07314-8; Taschenbuchausgabe: List-Taschenbuch 60810, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-548-60810-5.
 Gibt es eine "jüdische" und eine "christliche" Sexualwissenschaft? Sexualität und Säkularisierung (= Wiener Vorlesungen im Rathaus, Band 110). Picus, Wien 2004, ISBN 3-85452-510-9.
 Interface 5 – Die Politik der Maschine. Computer Odyssee 2001. Nomos, Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-7890-8245-7 (zusammen mit Hartmut Böhme, Martin Burckhardt, Wolfgang Coy, Friedrich Kittler und Hans-Ulrich Reck).
 Versuch über den Schwindel. Religion, Schrift, Bild, Geschlecht. Pendo, Zürich 2001, ISBN 3-85842-406-4.
 Essen und Gesellschaft. Die Politik der Ernährung (= Senatsarbeitskreis für Wissenschaft und Verantwortlichkeit; Band 5). Studienverlag, Innsbruck / Wien / München 2000, ISBN 3-7065-1496-6 (zusammen mit Eva Barlösius).
 Die schamlose Schönheit des Vergangenen. Zum Verhältnis von Geschlecht und Geschichte, Aufsätze. Verlag Neue Kritik, Frankfurt am Main 1989, ISBN 3-8015-0229-5.
 Nicht ich. Logik, Lüge, Libido. Neue Kritik, Frankfurt am Main 1985, ISBN 3-8015-0200-7; Neuausgabe, Aufbau Verlag, Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-351-02672-1.

Herausgeberschaft
 Was war deutsches Judentum? 1870–1933, De Gruyter, 2015, ISBN 978-3-11-040050-2
 Das Unbewusste. Krisis und Kapital der Wissenschaften. von Wissen und Geschlecht Studien zum Verhältnis (GenderCodes; Bd. 9). transcript, Bielefeld 2009, ISBN 978-3-8376-1145-8 (zusammen mit Dorothea Dornhof und Eva Johach).
 Gender@Wissen. Ein Handbuch der Gender-Theorien. 2. Auflage. Wien/Köln 2009 (EA 2005, zusammen mit Inge Stephan).
 Mythen des Blutes. Campus, Frankfurt/M. 2007, ISBN 978-3-593-38349-1 (zusammen mit Christoph Wulf).
 Säkularisierung. Bilanz und Perspektiven einer umstrittenen These (Religion, Staat, Kultur; Bd. 5). LIT-Verlag, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-8258-0150-2 (zusammen mit Wilhelm Gräb und Johannes Zachhuber).
 Gender in Conflicts. Palestine, Israel, Germany (Berliner Gender Studies; Bd. 3). LIT-Verlag, Münster/Berlin, 2006, ISBN 3-8258-9281-6 (zusammen mit Ulrike Auga).
 "Holy War" and Gender. Violence in religious discourses/"Gotteskrieg" und Geschlecht (Berliner Gender Studies; Bd. 2). LIT-Verlag, Münster/Berlin, 2006, ISBN 3-8258-8109-1 (zusammen mit Ulrike Brunotte, Gabriele Dietze, Daniela Hrzàn, Gabriele Jähnert und Dagmar Pruin).
 Gender Studien. Eine Einführung. 2. aktualisierte Auflage. Metzler, Stuttgart/Weimar 2006, ISBN 3-476-02143-2 (EA Stuttgart 2000, zusammen mit 2006 Inge Stephan).
 Das "bewegliche" Vorurteil. Aspekte des Internationalen Antisemitismus. Verlag Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 2004, ISBN 3-8260-2820-1 (zusammen mit Eva-Maria Ziege).
 Der Ewige Judenhaß. Begleitbuch zur gleichnamigen Filmtrilogie (Studien zur Geistesgeschichte; Bd. 12). 2. Auflage. Philo Verlag, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-8257-0149-2 (EA Bonn 1990, zusammen mit Ludger Heid).
 Die Multiple Persönlichkeit. Krankheit, Medium oder Metapher? Zu den geistesgeschichtlichen Hintergründen eines modernen Krankheitsbildes. Verlag Neue Kritik, Frankfurt/M. 1999, ISBN 3-8015-0326-7 (zusammen mit Gabriele Dietze).

Aufsätze
 Wir zahlen alle den Preis des Geldes. In: Kursbuch. Bd. 172: Gut Leben. Hamburg (Murmann) 2012, S. 41–55.
 Der Dienst am Geld. In: Schauspiel Frankfurt am Main (Programmheft), Frankfurt /M. 2012, S. 852–853.
 Der Preis des Geldes. In: Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund (Hrsg.): Gegenblende. Das gewerkschaftliche Debattenmagazin, Bd. 18 (2012).
 Nacktheit, Scham und Männlichkeit. In: Lentos Museum Lin7/Ludwig Museum Budapest (Hrsg.): Der nackte Mann (Ausstellungskatalog), Nürnberg (Verlag für Moderne Kunst) 2012, S. 25–36.
 Die Schlange. In: Christian Kassung, Jasmin Mersmann, Olaf B. Rader (Hrsg.): Zoologicon. Ein kulturhistorisches Wörterbuch der Tiere. Fink, München 2012, S. 354–361.
 Das Geschlecht des Unbewussten in der Wissensordnung. In: Günter Gödde, Michael B. Buchholz (Hrsg.): Der Besen, mit dem die Hexe fliegt. Wissenschaft und Therapeutik des Unbewussten, Bd. 1: Psychologie als Wissenschaft der Komplementarität. Psychosozial, Gießen 2012, S. 139–158.
 Selig sind die Barmherzigen, denn sie werden Barmherzigkeit erlangen. In: Evangelische Stadtkirche (Hrsg.): Seligpreisungen. Freshup Publishing, Stuttgart 2012, S. 7–26.
 Das Geschlecht des Kanons. In: Berthold Franke, Ulrich Ribbert, Joachim Umlauf (Hrsg.): Kanon und Bestenliste. Was gilt in der Kultur? Was zählt für Deutschlands Nachbarn? Steidl, Göttingen 2012, S. 19–32.
 Die Hysterie und der Vibrator. In: Cuvilliés-Theater (Programmheft), München 2011/12, S. 6–13.
 Was bedeutet Säkularisierung für Juden und Christen. Aspekte der Aufklärung, Ausgrenzung und Angst. In: Marta S. Halpert, Leon Widecki (Hrsg.): Religion heute. Wozu? (Jüdisches Echo 60). Wien 2011/12, S. 21–26.
 Bild und Geschlecht in den drei Religionen des Buches. Judentum, Christentum und Islam. In: Christoph Wulf, Jacques Poulain, Fathi Triki (Hrsg.): Emotionen in einer transkulturellen Welt (Paragrana Heft 20). Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2011, S. 28–40.
 Symbolische Geschlechterordnung. Bild und Geschlecht in Judentum, Christentum und Islam. In: Deutsche Botschaft Ankara (Hrsg.), Ankara 2011, S. 11–28.
 Geschlechterordnungen spiegeln das Verhältnis von Gott und Mensch. In: Goethe-Institut (Hrsg.): Wie geht es eigentlich den Frauen? Reportagen, Bilder, Gespräche. München 2011, S. 3–6.
 The Headscarf. An Empty Signifier. In: Jill Winder u. a.: The Return of Religion and Other Myths. A Critical Reader. BAK, Utrecht 2009, S. 32–55.
 The Symbol of the Cross. Secularization of a Metaphor From the Early Church to National Socialism. In: Doris Bergen (Hrsg.): Lessons and Legacies, Bd. 7: From Generation to Generation. Northwestern University Press, Evanston Ill. 2008, S. 5–33.

Filme
Zu den zahlreichen Film- und Fernsehproduktionen zählen:
 Schönheit – verzweifelt gesucht. Zur Geschichte der Schönheit. (2002)
 Das geteilte Ich. Gestalten des Selbst in der Moderne. (Das literarische Motiv des Doppelgängers und das Krankheitsbild der multiplen Persönlichkeit) (WDR, 1996)
 Böses Blut. Mythen und Wirkungsgeschichte der Syphilis. (WDR, 1993/94, 60 Min.)
 Vom Sinn des Sehens. Augen-Blicke der Geschlechter. (Der Wandel des Blicks und der Einfluss seines Wandels auf die Geschlechterwahrnehmung). (WDR, 1994)
 Die Angst der Satten. Zur Geschichte des Hungerstreiks als politische Waffe. (WDR, 1991, 45 Min.)
 Der ewige Judenhaß. Filmtrilogie: I. Christlicher Antijudaismus II. Deutschnationale Judenfeindlichkeit III. Rassistischer Antisemitismus (WDR, 1990, l35 Min.)
 Die Erben des Hakenkreuzes. Die Geschichte der Entnazifizierung in den beiden deutschen Staaten. Folge I: Westdeutschland. Folge II Ostdeutschland. (WDR, 1988, 120 Min.)
 Eine Frau ist eine Frau ist eine Frau (1977)

Literatur
 Ulrike Auga (Hrsg.): Dämonen, Vamps und Hysterikerinnen: Geschlechter- und Rassenfigurationen in Wissen, Medien und Alltag um 1900. Festschrift für Christina von Braun (= GenderCodes. Band 14). Transcript, Bielefeld 2011, ISBN 978-3-8376-1572-2.
 Mira Turba: Die historische Dimension als Befreiung – Christina von Braun. In: Birgit Buchinger, Renate Böhm, Ela Großmann (Hrsg.): Kämpferinnen. Mandelbaum, Wien 2021, ISBN 978-3-85476-984-2, S. 211–230.

Weblinks

 Homepage von Christina von Braun
 Christina von Braun kommentiert die Verfolgung von Homosexuellen in Russland für www.karandashy.org

 Jüdische Matrilinearität – Christliche Patrilinearität. Ihre Geschichte und Implikationen. In: Religion, Geschlecht und Sexualität, 8. Juni 2020. Abgerufen am 7. April 2021.

Einzelnachweise
 Christina von Braun: Geschlecht. Eine persönliche und eine politische Geschichte. Propyläen, Berlin 2021, ISBN 978-3-549-10025-7.

 Sonstige Belege

Herausgeber
Dokumentarfilmer
Kulturwissenschaftler
Religionshistoriker
Religionswissenschaftler (20. Jahrhundert)
Religionswissenschaftler (21. Jahrhundert)
Hochschullehrer (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin)
Person (Goethe-Institut)
Frauenrechtler (Deutschland)
Christina
Deutscher
Geboren 1944
Frau


text:
A, an accused is being tried by a Magistrate in a summons case. The investigation is not concluded within six months from the date on which the accused was arrested. The concerned Magistrate passes an order under Section 167(5), Cr. P.C. to stop the further investigation………………… Can the Sessions Judge of the same sessions division vacate the order of the concerned Magistrate passing the order of stopping further investigation?
By Admin LBPublished on 12 May 2022 11:41 PM GMT
Question: A, an accused is being tried by a Magistrate in a summons case. The investigation is not concluded within six months from the date on which the accused was arrested. The concerned Magistrate passes an order under Section 167(5), CrPC to stop the further investigation and discharges the accused while the officer conducting the investigation satisfies the… Read More »
Question: A, an accused is being tried by a Magistrate in a summons case. The investigation is not concluded within six months from the date on which the accused was arrested. The concerned Magistrate passes an order under Section 167(5), CrPC to stop the further investigation and discharges the accused while the officer conducting the investigation satisfies the Magistrate that for special reasons and for the ends of justice, the investigation requires to be continued beyond the period of...
Question: A, an accused is being tried by a Magistrate in a summons case. The investigation is not concluded within six months from the date on which the accused was arrested. The concerned Magistrate passes an order under Section 167(5), CrPC to stop the further investigation and discharges the accused while the officer conducting the investigation satisfies the Magistrate that for special reasons and for the ends of justice, the investigation requires to be continued beyond the period of six months.
Can the Sessions Judge of the same sessions division vacate the order of the concerned Magistrate passing the order of stopping further investigation? If so, under which provision of law can the Sessions Judge do so?
Find the answer only on Legal Bites. [A, an accused is being tried by a Magistrate in a summons case. The investigation is not concluded within six months from the date on which the accused was arrested. The concerned Magistrate passes an order under Section 167(5), CrPC to stop the further investigation………………… Can the Sessions Judge of the same sessions division vacate the order of the concerned Magistrate passing the order of stopping further investigation?]
Section 167(5) of the Criminal Procedure Code provides that-
If in any case triable by a Magistrate as a summons-case, if the investigation is not concluded within a period of six months from the date on which the accused was arrested, the Magistrate shall make an order stopping further Investigation into the offence unless the officer making the investigation satisfies the Magistrate that or special reasons and in the interests of justice the continuation of the investigation beyond the period of six months is necessary.
Section 167(5) CrPC ensures that in all cases triable by Magistrate as summons case, where an investigation is not completed within six months of arrest, the Magistrate shall order stopping further investigation unless there are special reasons for doing so in the interest of justice.
The purpose behind enacting Section 167(5) of the Code undoubtedly was to prevent the undesirable prolonging of the agony of an accused facing a criminal case seriously prejudicing his right to personal liberty. In its wisdom the legislature, while being conscious of the right of every person under Article 21 of the Constitution of India thought it fit and desirable to enact a salutary provision, such as Section 167(5) of the Code for providing a mechanism so as to prevent the unnecessary and undesirable prolongation of the agony of a person facing a criminal case for an indefinite period.
In the case of Saktisadhan Maji & Ors. v. State reported in 1994 C Cr Law Reporter (Cal) 137, the Special Bench was of the opinion that cognizance of the offence and the trial of an accused on the basis of investigation carried on and charge sheet submitted beyond the period of six months without any specific order from the Magistrate was unfair and void.
This Bench also took a view that without a specific order from the Magistrate for the continuation of the investigation beyond six months, the accused immediately at the expiry of six months acquired a right to be discharged from the case if the investigation was not completed and concluded within the period of six months. The Special Bench also was of the view and opinion that any cognizance or trial for an offence on the basis of investigation continued and charge-sheet filed beyond the period of six months, without an appropriate order from the Magistrate under Section 167(5) of the Code must be held as illegal and void on the ground of failure of justice. This special Bench, therefore, clearly formed the following opinions:
once the investigation is not completed within six months from the date of the arrest of the accused, unless the Magistrate passes a specific order in terms of section 107(5) of the Code, it comes to an automatic halt;
and the accused, on the expiry of six months period, automatically would stand discharged from the case.
In other words, the Special Bench was of the opinion, (by implication) that there is no need for the Magistrate nor was there any requirement of law, in terms of Section 167(5) of the Code, for the Magistrate to pass any specific order stopping investigation or to make any judicial order discharging the accused and that the discharge of the accused was automatic in such an eventuality.
The Supreme Court also in paragraph 7 of the decision in the State of West Bengal v. Falguni Dutta (1993 SCC (3) 288) observed:
"…..Therefore, the Special Court can stop further investigation into the offence if the investigation is not concluded within a period of six months from the day of the arrest of the accused person unless for special reasons and in the interests of justice the continuation of the investigation beyond that period is necessary. In the present case, the officer making the investigation had not sought the permission of the Special Court to continue with the investigation even after the expiry of six months. The object of this sub-section clearly is to ensure the prompt investigation into an offence triable as summons-case to avoid hardship and harassment to the accused person."
In paragraph 8 of the said decision, the Supreme Court made the following observations:–
That takes us to the next question whether the special court can besides directing stoppage of investigation, entertain and act on a charge-sheet or a police report submitted under section 173(2) of the Code in such cases. The expression 'police report' has been defined under the Code to mean a report forwarded by a police officer to a Magistrate under sub-section (2) of section 173 section 2(r). Section 173 lays down that every investigation under Chapter XII shall be completed without unnecessary delay and as soon as it is completed the officer-in-charge of the police station shall forward to a Magistrate empowered to take cognizance of the offence on a police report, a report in the form prescribed by the State Government.
It will thus be seen that the police report under section 173(2) has to be submitted as soon as the investigation is complete. Now, if the investigation has been stopped on the expiry of six months or the extended period, if may, by the Magistrate in the exercise of the power conferred by sub-section (5) of section 167 of the Code, the investigation comes to an end and, therefore, on the completion of the investigation section 173(2) enjoins upon the officer-in-charge of the police station to forward a report in the prescribed form.
There is nothing in sub-section (5) of section 167 to suggest that if the investigation has not been completed within the period allowed by that sub-section, the officer-in-charge of the police station will be absolved from the responsibility of filing the police report under section 173(2) of the Code on the stoppage of the investigation.
Moreover, section 167(6) clearly states-
where any order stopping a further investigation into an offence has been made under sub-section (5), the Sessions Judge may, if he is satisfied, on an application made to him or otherwise, that further investigation into the offence ought to be made, vacate the order made under sub-section (5) and direct further investigation to be made into the offence subject to such directions with regard to bail and other matters as he may specify.
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Updated On 12 May 2022 11:41 PM GMT