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Foreign investors can set up alternative funds in Luxembourg like hedge funds, real estate funds, private equity funds or funds of hedge funds only if they are qualified investors. The attractive business climate in Luxembourg offers a wide range of possibilities for those who want to develop their portfolios in such state and who want to generate profits in the prolific sectors in Luxembourg.
The March edition of the Global Financial Centers ranked Luxembourg on top 3 favorable financial destinations in Europe, on the second position at a global level, right after the United States of America. Known as a large investment center, Luxembourg continues to offer a multitude of possibilities for foreigners willing to expand their operations and develop new sources of profit. If you would like to benefit from the advantageous investment field of Luxembourg and set up companies in this sense, we invite you to talk to our team of company formation agents in Luxembourg.
Innovation is part of the daily life and it is implemented in a wide range of fields in numerous countries worldwide. Luxembourg aligns with the standards and the technologies nowadays and furthermore, the government of this country encourages the innovative companies through all kinds of incentives, offering to foreign investors the possibility of opening companies in the services sectors in the country. If you would like to set up a company in Luxembourg and develop the operations in an appreciated business field, we suggest you talk to our company formation representatives in Luxembourg.
Innovation is for many years part of the daily life because technology continues to develop in a fast manner in many sectors. Businesses in Luxembourg must align with the requirements on the market and can flourish with a proper implementation of innovation in all fields. In this sense, the government in Luxembourg presented a new law which aims at the proper implementation of innovation in business. Foreign investors who want to register a company in Luxembourg can benefit from the complete company formation services offered by our team of specialists in Luxembourg.
Even though Luxembourg does not have sea exits, the small European country has attractive landscapes and influences offered by neighbors like Germany, France, or Belgium. A low inflation, an attractiveness for innovation and the stable economy make Luxembourg a solid candidate in the tourism sector, as the authorities are planning big projects until 2022. Foreign investors are attracted by the favorable tax structure of Luxembourg and by the business opportunities in this state. If you are a foreign entrepreneur who wants to open a company in Luxembourg, it is best to talk to one of our specialists in company formation in Luxembourg for complete support.
Luxembourg and Italy to Sustain Digitalisation in the Financial Services Sector
Integrating the digital technology in the main industries but particularly in the financial sector represents the main concern in the business hub nowadays. Known as a world-leading financial center, Luxembourg has strengthened the collaboration with Italy, an important business associate since the 19th century. With a favorable tax regime related to the investment sector, Luxembourg offers numerous possibilities for business persons worldwide, including for those interested in sustaining digitalization in the financial domain. You may talk to our company formation specialists in Luxembourg if you want to open a company in Luxembourg.
The Attributes of the Business Environment in Luxembourg
Vitality, competitiveness, stability, and consistency are among the important attributes which can be used when talking about the business background in Luxembourg. Local and foreign entrepreneurs in the country enjoy the advantages of doing business here, as the Grand Duchy offers not only openness but also confidence and support regarding the foreign investments and the businesses placed in varied key sectors. Related to the business environment, it is good to know that the company registration process in Luxembourg is subject to fewer formalities and easy ways of incorporation, a matter where you can receive complete support and guidelines from our specialists in company formation in Luxembourg.
Luxembourg City in Top of Most Attractive Metropolises for Real Estate in Europe
Luxembourg city, the capital of Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, proudly aligns with other European capitals and cities considered the most attractive for real estate. Madrid, Frankfurt, Dublin, Hamburg, Copenhagen, Berlin, Stockholm, Amsterdam, and München completes the top ten of cities with fast developments in the real estate sector, due to many investments attracted among many other reasons. If you are a businessman who wants to register a company in Luxembourg, you may address your request in this matter to our specialists in company formation in Luxembourg who are at your disposal with information and assistance.
Luxembourg and China to Strengthen the Economic Ties
Luxembourg is a respected and appreciated financial business hub which presents a major interest for Chinese investors. The recent meetings between Luxembourg and China representatives aimed the investment opportunities and the financial services which can be implemented in alignment with the latest developments. Regarding the ways in which you can register a company in Luxembourg, we suggest you to solicit comprehensive information and assistance from our specialists in company formation in Luxembourg.
A Guide on Opening an Investment Fund in Luxembourg
Luxembourg has been very successful in attracting international investment funds and becoming a major financial center due to a series of factors. These include: a wide range of investment fund solutions, a friendly regulatory environment, a stable economy and an attractive taxation system. A guide on opening an investment fund can be provided to investors by our experts in company formation in Luxembourg.
Main Sources of Income Deriving From Financial Activities in Luxembourg
Financial companies can develop successful businesses in Luxembourg, as this activity represents one of the top sources of income for this country. Foreign businessmen who are interested in opening a company in Luxembourg in the financial sector should know that 59% of the country's financial center turnover derives from the activities carried out by foreign businessmen residing in the European Union (EU). Our team of company formation agents in Luxembourg can provide in-depth assistance on the regulations addressed to foreign businessmen.
A New Segment on the Luxembourg Stock Exchange
The business market available in Luxembourg provides numerous ways to invest in this country. Those who want to open a company in Luxembourg should know that the investment market available here offers green securities, which refer to sustainable investments. The Luxembourg Stock Exchange created a new segment dedicated to green securities – the Luxembourg Green Exchange (LGX), a platform launched in September 2016. Our team of company formation representatives in Luxembourg can offer advice on how to register with the LGX.
Moody's: Luxembourg, Rated as an AAA Economy
Luxembourg was rated by Moody's credit rating agency as being an AAA economy, which provides very good business prospects for the investors interested in establishing a company in this country, as this rating is usually offered to countries with a very stable economic background. Those interested in company formation in Luxembourg should know that the country is one of the few economies across the world which have received the AAA rating. Our team of company registration agents in Luxembourg can provide more details on this matter.
European Commission Forecast: Economic Growth Expected For The Next Two Years
The European Commission (EC) has recently announced that Luxembourg's economy will continue to grow in the following two years. The same forecast was issued for other European economies as well, thus investors who want to open a company in Luxembourg can expect positive results for their businesses. Our team of specialists in company formation in Luxembourg can offer an in-depth presentation on the legislation applicable to various economic fields in which the investors are interested in.
Private Companies in Luxembourg Sustained in the Field of Space Activities
Luxembourg is interested in becoming one of the most representative economies in Europe in terms of space activities. Thus, its governmental policies aim at turning Luxembourg into a top economy for the exploration and exploitation of space resources. Foreign investors who are interested in opening a company in Luxembourg operating in the field of space activities should know that the European Investment Bank (EIB) is searching for suitable methods to provide financing to private companies activating in this industry. Our team of company formation representatives in Luxembourg can offer more details on how to register a business in this field.
Sources of Growing Entrepreneurship in Luxembourg
Foreign investors who are interested in opening a company in Luxembourg can have positive prospects on this market, as the local statistics office, STATEC, announced at the end of 2016 that the state of the entrepreneurship in this country increased in the last years. The number of the newly formed companies increased in 2015, up to 10.2%, compared to a number of 7.1% in 2014. It is important to know that the growth is correlated with the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) increase, which developed in the last years as well. Our team of company formation representatives in Luxembourg can provide more details on the regulations related to the registration of a company.
Luxembourg Economy Rose by 4.4% in the Second Quarter of 2016
Luxembourg's economy is booming at the moment, according to various surveys. The last one, which was issued by the National Statistics Office, Statec, announced a 4.4% economic growth in the second quarter of the year for the Grand Duchy. The economy also rose by 1.6% compared to the first three months of the year, according to calculations. Our Luxembourg company formation representatives can assist foreign investors interested in opening companies here.
Why Choose Luxembourg for Investing after Brexit?
UK's referendum to exit the European Union has had a huge impact on investors established there and has determined many of them to start for alternatives to relocate their businesses in countries within the EU. Most of the largest investment funds have chosen Luxembourg as their relocation destination after Brexit. So is the case of some of the largest telecom companies in the world with headquarters in the UK. What has determined them relocate to Luxembourg after Brexit?
Luxembourg, a EU Onshore Financial Hub for Singaporean Companies
Luxembourg and Singapore already have a dynamic and long-standing connection. During the last years, Singapore has become a flourishing financial centre of international status, helping not only its domestic economy, but also the extensive Asia Pacific area.
The Luxembourg Consumer Confidence Index Increased in March
Luxembourg's consumer confidence index increased in March to a positive value. The difference is relevant compared to March 2015 when the same index had a negative value. The value of this index shows that the country's economy, and, more importantly, the people's spending power, has evolved in a good direction.
Project: Energy Audits for Large Companies in Luxembourg
A new bill proposed by the Luxembourg Government aims to implement a mandatory energy audit policy for large companies operating in the country. The procedure will be performed according to a European Directive and will be conducted by an external auditor in Luxembourg. Our company registration agents in Luxembourg can help you undergo any necessary audit requirements for your corporation.
Luxembourg, a Top Talent Competitiveness Country
Luxembourg was ranked 3rd place in the Global Talent Competitiveness Index. The country is one of the best in the world at attracting competitive talented employees and retaining them. Foreign and cross-border employees chose to work in the country because of the numerous opportunities and a large number of international companies present on the Luxembourg market.
Luxembourg, One of the Best Countries in the World for Doing Business
Luxembourg was ranked as one of the best countries in the world for doing business in a new World Report issues by the United States. The small Duchy obtained favorable positions in a number of categories, including tax system, bureaucracy, and corruption level. Foreign investors who decide to do business in the country can benefit from these characteristics and base their activities in a favorable European location.
Luxembourg, In Top 3 Countries In The World For Retaining Talents
The World Talent report, issued by the World Competitiveness Center, analyzes the ability of a country to develop and attract qualified and talented individuals, who can contribute to the needs and development of a company. Foreign investors who are interested in opening a company here should know that Luxembourg ranked as the 3rd worldwide economy on the talent ranking study.
New Standards of Financial and Digital Development for Luxembourg
In the last thirty years, Luxembourg has become one of the most important financial centers in the European Union. Financial services represent one of the most important industries in Luxembourg and this can be seen in the fact that Luxembourg is an international financial center. Moreover, Luxembourg has been playing a major role in the last decades in the development of financial services industry in Europe. Foreign investors interested in opening a company in Luxembourg may request for information on this matter from our agents.
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Sipos Szilárd (1923–1962.) magyar nemzetközi labdarúgó-játékvezető.

Pályafutása
Korán, 16 évesen szerezte meg a játékvezetői vizsgát, majd különféle labdarúgó osztályokban szerezte meg a szükséges tapasztalatokat. Ellenőreinek, sportvezetőinek javaslatára lett országos minősítésű játékvezető. 1946-ban Miskolcon, az NB. I-ben vezette az első mérkőzését.

Több nemzetközi válogatott mérkőzésen és csapattalálkozó működött játékvezetőként, társait segítve partbíróként működött közre.

1945-től a Borsod Megyei Labdarúgó-szövetség Játékvezető Tanácsának főtitkára volt.

Jegyzetek

Források
 Játékvezető - 1956. I. évfolyam 4. szám

1923-ban született személyek
1962-ben elhunyt személyek
Magyar labdarúgó-játékvezetők
Magyar NB I-es labdarúgó-játékvezetők

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Welcome to SARMODEL
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SARMODEL was established in 1996 as the very first website on the internet that was dedicated solely to modelling Southern African railways.
Since then, we have extended from a purely informational site to providing our many designs via Shapeways, to establishing a 3D printing farm and producing our designs in-house.
Already well known for our extremely detailed and accurate bogies, we extend the same design philosophy to all of our models within the constraints of scale. Our 3D designs are produced from factory engineering drawings, by a modeller, for other modellers; You won't find any toy trains here!
Our models are all 3D printed using state of the art high resolution UV resin printers. They will require minor sanding where the supports have been removed. The models are printed to order, so there may be a few days delay before your order is shipped
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Family & Friends, we have gathered here today with HIM & Her to give thanks for the gift of marriage and to share in the joy of their wedding, Marriage is a way of life, given by God, so that the husband and wife may provide each other companionship, help, comfort, joy and most of all love.
Here are some wonderful words that truly defines the true meaning of love.
Love is patient and kind; Love is not jealous or boastful; Love is not arrogant or rude; Love does not insist on its own way; Love does not rejoice at wrong, but rejoices with the right. Love bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, Endures all things. Love never fails.
Him & Here, we honor and rejoice with you now as we witness your vows to love each other and to come together as one into the blessed estate of marriage.
Do you Him; take Her as your wife, promising to tenderly care for her, to respect her individuality, to cherish her as she is, and to faithfully love her continually?
Do you Her take Him to be your husband, promising to tenderly care for him, to respect his individuality, to cherish him as he is, and to faithfully love him continually?
I, Him, take you Her to be my wife, my partner & my one true love. I promise to laugh with you in times of happiness and to strengthen you in times of need. Through the best and the worst, I will trust you, Honor you, and be faithful to you. Today I commit myself to you for the rest of my life.
I, Her, take you Him to be my husband, my partner & my one true love. I promise to laugh with you in times of happiness and to strengthen you in times of need. Through the best and the worst, I will trust you, Honor you, and be faithful to you. Today I commit myself to you for the rest of my life.
These rings are symbols of eternity and the unbroken circle of love. Love freely given has no beginning and no end, no giver and no receiver for each is the giver and each is the receiver.
Today you have chosen to exchange rings, as a sign of your love for each other and a seal of the promises you make this day. May we please have the rings?
Him, as you place this ring on her finger repeat after me.
May this ring forever be a symbol of my growing love for you. Please wear it as a sign to the world that you are my wife. With this ring I thee wed.
Her, As you place this ring on his finger repeat after me.
May this ring forever be a symbol of my growing love for you. Please wear it as a sign to the world that you are my husband. With this ring, I thee wed.
Unity Candle, Reading, Special Music, etc. can be enjoyed here.
Remember being a bride and groom is only for a day but being a husband and wife is a lifetime commitment. Let your love be stronger than your anger. Learn the wisdom of compromise, for it is better to bend than to break. A marriage without compromise is guaranteed conflict.
Believe the best of your beloved rather than the worst. Confide in your partner and ask for help when you need it. Remember that true friendship is the basis for any lasting Relationship. Give your spouse the same courtesies and kindness you bestow On your friends.
"I love you" every day!
May life grant you patience, tolerance, and understanding.
And now as you enter the greatest journey of your life: In as much as you all have agreed to enter the marriage relationship, having exchanged vows with sincere and devoted hearts, and have given and received rings as tokens of your love. It is now my honor and privilege to pronounce you husband and wife.
Ladies and gentleman, I now present to you Mr. Him & Mrs. Her Last Name.
Legally Married in the eyes of the state!


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About Those Poll Numbers Last Night...
By Charles P. Pierce Published: Nov 9, 2011
The general merriment over what happened at the polls in various places last night is certainly warranted. (If what happened in Ohio doesn't get the people of Wisconsin energized again at the prospect of sending Scott Walker packing, I don't know what could.) The conventional wisdom is that the Republicans, and the conservative money-power behind them — and the conservative base that the money-power usually gins up so successfully — all failed this time because of "overreach." This spin makes me nervous.
It's not the "overreach" that's the problem; it's the basic "reach" itself. Yes, Mississippi voted down that duck-brained "personhood" amendment, but that was partly because nervous suburban mommies got nervous that their infertile daughters would have to go to Vermont or somewhere else to conceive their precious little snowflake babies artificially. Even Haley Barbour got nervous about this POS. Unfortunately, they also elected a new governor named Phil Bryant, a zygote-fetishist who said of the people opposing the law: "The evil dark side that exists in this world is taking hold. And they're saying, what we want you to be able to do is continue to extinguish innocent life. You see, if we could do that, Satan wins." It's fair to assume that exercising your constitutional right to choose in Mississippi isn't going to get any easier under Governor Bryant.
At the same time that Ohio voters were punching John Kasich in the head, they were also kicking Barack Obama in the 'nads. They passed an amendment to the Constitution that forbids any law that would compel citizens to buy health care. And thus are born another 200 doomed and futile lawsuits challenging the Affordable Care Act.
That's the reach that's the problem. Every time these people "overreach," they get just a little more of what they wanted all along, and they make their more outre notions appear less and less daffy.


From the mists of evolution and ancient prehistory, the struggles and creativity of homo sapiens sapiens – human beings – trying to make good for themselves in this often hostile world, there came certain revolutionary developments that led in a steady progression to the primary foundations of civilization and 'modern' society. Thus ultimately to the "State Of The World" as we find it today.
These are the great socio-economic inventions of our species. These great developments have almost always occurred contemporaneously in populations widely separated from each other. Sometimes they spread by means of trade, sometimes they developed independently. The apparent oddity of concurrent independent development follows the pattern of physical evolution itself, and intriguingly suggests that the socio-cultural evolution of our species may be as 'natural' as the process of physical evolution.
Both food and fiber crops were grown by early farmers, including grains like rice, barley and teosinte (early corn), legumes (peas and beans), potatoes, squash, fruit and oil crops, cotton and hemp. In choosing from among the best plant's seeds for planting in following seasons or best vines/trees for careful tending, the steady development of ever better crops through artificial selection began.
development and use of Terrace Farming in mountainous regions of the world. The terracing of steep slopes in order to create flat areas on which to grow crops was first practiced by the Incas in the Andes mountains of South America prior to 1000, b.c.e., and within a few hundred years also appeared in Asia from the Himalayas to the islands of the Pacific rim and Polynesia. This allowed for populations in confined and mountainous regions to increase lands under cultivation dramatically. Canals on the upslope edges of terraces collected rainwater and allowed productive irrigation of the crops grown on the flat surfaces, and periodic flooding for the growing of rice.
Humans had always been tool-makers, developing the sharp instruments for hunting and cutting wood, preserving and sewing skins, etc. very early in our history. The most prized raw materials for making sharp implements were chert and flint stone and obsidian – a volcanic glass. These substances were found only in certain regions, and were the very first items of trade between separated populations.
With the development of agriculture these substances as well as others were turned into tools designed for the purpose of tilling land and cultivating crops, and for harvesting.
Prehistoric societies had developed trade and trade routes for the purpose of obtaining sometimes rare raw materials, primarily the obsidian, chert and flint from which hunting weapons and sharp implements could be made. With agriculture and animal husbandry the variety of tools that could be traded, as well as the domesticated animals and crop seeds that could be exchanged expanded greatly. Often the currency for trades were specialty items that particular tribes and cultures produced that other cultures found desirable. These could be anything from artworks and jewelry to finished goods like baskets and pottery, textiles of hemp, linen or wool, and the skins/furs of animals.
In many parts of the world trade routes developed first along waterways and coastal areas, where goods could be transported by ship. Soon large trading centers were established that drew buyers and sellers from far regions and helped to spread the cultural amenities different cultures had developed and perfected. A merchant class quickly arose to service the trade markets as early as ~3,500 b.c.e. in both the old and new worlds, and ships designed and built for the purpose were plying the Danube, Nile, Black Sea, and Mediterranean seaports that long ago. Similar trading routes were established as well in Asia and the Americas.
As the trade routes expanded the slow pace of travel led to traders seeking commodities of high value but low volume that were basically non-perishable. Gems, salt, gold, spices, fine textiles and precious ornaments fit the bill. Between 6,000 and 4,000 b.c.e. the extensive copper deposits on Cyprus initiated and expanded the trade in functional metals – copper and tin, which graduated to the production of the much harder metal alloy of bronze, and the Bronze Age was born.
Primitive humans could find gold in nuggets on the ground or in stream beds in its pure form, and the metal was always highly prized for its ornamental value. Gold is not, however, very useful for anything else.
Copper was a more serviceable metal that was easily exuded from rocks in an enclosed fire. It is much harder than gold or silver and was quickly put to use as material for knives and axes and sickles that lasted much longer than stone or bone implements. Copper began to be commercially smelted around 3,000 b.c.e., and was soon being poured molten into prepared molds. This is the art of metallurgy. Mining technology was developed in conjunction with metallurgy, and the copper mines of Sinai along with their huge wind-funneled smelters (circa ~3,800 b.c.e.) soon spread the technology to the Levant and Egypt.
It was at Ur in Mesopotamia that the first smelting of bronze – an alloy of copper and tin – first took place around 2,800 b.c.e. From there it spread to the Indus valley in India and westward through Europe from about 2,000 b.c.e., eastward into China by 1,500 b.c.e. This is the Bronze Age. Also around 1,500 b.c.e. the Hittites of Anatolia discovered how to smelt iron, possibly by originally smelting the iron content of a meteorite. Iron was found abundant in surface ores and as the value of the metal was recognized, the practice spread widely. Soon it was discovered that iron reheated with charcoal in the furnace produced an even harder metal known as steel.
The development of trade, first locally, then expanding to regional and even international trade, led to the need for ways to keep track of the goods and exchanges taking place. Bones and other artifacts bearing marks have been found in many places where prehistoric humans lived, and are believed to be tally totems using "natural numbers" accounting for keeping track of days, lunar cycles and records of quantities. Such tallies have no concept of place value for large amounts (such as the decimal system), but do represent the development of the abstract concept of accounting. The trick was to develop systems that could be understood across the far regions of expanding trade routes and tokens.
The first known place value systems arose in Mesopotamia, specifically Uruk period Sumer, circa 4,000 b.c.e. There were a dozen different numerical accounting systems in use according to protocuneiform artifacts recovered, for tallying different commodities, weights and volumes. By 3,400 b.c.e. a base 60 system was developed and in use in the region. The first known base 10 system was in place in Egypt by 3,100 b.c.e. We are still using the base 10 system today as well as the zero, but the Mesopotamian base 60 system gifted us with the division of hours into 60 minutes and circles into 360 degrees.
Later development in various cultures brought us negative numbers, rational numbers, irrational numbers, transcendental numbers, infinities/infinitesimals, complex numbers and primes. Which is probably not all that impressive to the average American middle school student, but does represent abstract mathematical developments that led to some rather spectacular deeds of science and engineering.
Barter was the original medium of exchange among humans for goods and services. The problem was that there was no set value and people often disagreed about what things were worth. And while direct commodity exchanges worked a bit better, carrying around amounts of salt, tea, tobacco or seeds wasn't very convenient. Many primitive cultures, including Native Americans before the arrival of Europeans, used beads or shells or other items to substitute for physical goods in the conduct of trade, and it is presumed that primitive cultures throughout the world began with similar "chits" representing actual resources so that traders didn't have to carry those around with them at the time of trade, but could arrange for later delivery.
By 5000 b.c.e. metal objects as stand-ins for the physical goods and services were being exchanged in the Mesopotamian and Far Eastern cultures that forged metals, and by 700 b.c.e. the Lydians of Asia Minor (today's northwestern Turkey, between the Mediterranean and the Black Sea) were the first western nation to introduce coins. Around the same time period the Chinese were minting metal coins and later were the first to print paper money. The Chinese also invented the concept of fiat currency – money that is not backed by secured precious metals.
Once there was money, banks followed closely. Banks seem to have arisen at the same time as monies were established by settled, complex civilizations. By the 5th millennium b.c.e. cities in Sumer (Mesopotamia) had organized around a central temple, and temples are where public and private wealth were secured on deposit. These temple-based repositories were known as treasure houses, or treasuries, where the safety of deposited wealth was guaranteed by the gods. Rulers then could use the deposited wealth to fund public works, important festivals and various expenses of war. A special class of the priesthood did the accounting and money changing.
Within the cities housing these treasure houses, tokens were exchanged rather than the metal currencies of trade. Tokens were usually pieces of fired clay marked with certain values, issued by the temple 'bankers' to depositors of various goods in wealth, and withdrawals often used such tokens as well. From these developments naturally arose the concept of credit and the practice of money-lending.
In ancient Greece and Rome, merchant class money lenders not only accepted deposits toward various regular monetary obligations, but also exchanged one form of money for another. Evidence of this kind of activity has been found during the same time period in China and India. The practice of securing the physical wealth in temples continued, as these institutions were considered the most secure in ancient times. This allowed a centralized administration to be developed, further functioning as a trade credit system that transferred payments between accounts in chits representing X amount of stored grain or gold as base value. State banking institutions not associated with temples arose in Egypt during the reign of the Ptolemies.
Once humans developed methods of numerical recordkeeping, the development of writing – the recording of words or concepts for widespread communication was a natural progression. And again it appears to have happened in the region of Mesopotamia with the cuneiform script around 3200 b.c.e. and farther south along the Mediterranean coast with the development of ancient Semitic alphabetic scripts beginning around 1,800 b.c.e. Systems of proto-writing using pictographs or ideographs, arose as early as ~7,000 b.c.e. and were used in ancient Egypt and the Indus Valley, and later in China and Mesoamerica.
Alphabetic scripts, with symbols representing specific sounds in the spoken language, allowed the recording of historical chronicles, cultural histories and religious mythologies previously passed from generation to generation orally by castes of storytellers or public speakers. It also allowed for the development of written personal communications among the literate classes, and even the creation of works of imaginative fiction purely for entertainment.
The written and numerical records first developed in ancient Mesopotamia in the fourth millennium b.c.e. used clay tablets on which tallies, pictographs or cuneiform/alphabetic scripts were impressed and then the clay was baked for preservation. To ensure that parties to any transaction or communication each had a confirmable 'copy' of the original record, the tablets were hand-copied on a single tablet at the time of production, then broken after firing so that a copy could be given to each of the participants. If a dispute arose, the two parties could produce for a judge or official their portions, and if they fit together exactly they were known to have been original. In China the same authentication procedure was done by breaking the piece of bamboo onto which the transaction was scratched and dyed in two pieces, which when fit together established the validity of the original.
Scribes also developed round cylinder "seals" with symbols of their own design impressed into them. These could be rolled onto wet clay before baking to identify the recordkeeper. This innovation was soon expanded for the purpose of mass producing copies of important documents. The cylinder could be rolled over flats of unbaked clay, and a series of cylinders could be made to produce multiple copies of extensive governmental, religious or cultural records.
The obvious next development arising from the use of those fired clay cylinders – which could be quite large and hold a lot of information – was the practice of "inking" the bas relief figures produced on the flat copies once they were fired and transferring the ink onto processed animal skins by rubbing. These parchment documents could then be stitched together into long streams rolled at each end. These are called scrolls and were the first books.
The development of paper made from plant fiber arose in Egypt first and shortly thereafter in China. In Egypt papyrus scrolls were painstakingly copied by hand using mineral pigments in oil. China developed permanent black inks from lampblack in oil, and these remained legible far longer than mineral pigments. Rather than hand-copying, the Chinese took the clay cylinder concept further and developed the use of woodcuts and cast metal 'plates' from which numerous copies of the same documents or artwork could be produced by inking and rubbing.
China is also believed to have produced the first moveable type blocks (made of fired clay or carved tin) in the early second century c.e. And of course we all know about Johannes Gutenberg's invention of the printing press, the moveable type mold and printing ink for use on metal plates, whose production of the famous 42-line Bible in Mainz, Germany in 1455 changed the world.
Each of these ancient human developments have been further developed and refined into the institutions and technologies we recognize today. So many concurrent great developments over the course of human history could be seen as a continuation of natural physical evolution into the realm of mental – thus civilizational – evolution.


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Is there an Afterlife and Reincarnation?
Categories General News, Hypnotherapy
I was looking out of my lounge room window into the front garden. My eyes caught first the magnolia tree. Only a short few weeks ago it had been laden with beautiful large magnolia on a leafless tree and now these had all died and the tree was laden with new leaves. The Irises had also died and the rose trees were in full bloom, some white, some red and another pink, the size of saucers. They had been lovely last year and didn't disappoint us again this year either. Across the road, we have bush land area with trees that were also changing with the season, and I noticed that the yellow crested cockatoo had come back as well.
This got me thinking about life and death and how some of my clients came for past life regression and some others came for different reasons and how some of these also experienced a previous life even though they were not asked to do so. I pondered on the possibility that perhaps we were like those plants and trees. That my life was an extension of the main original plant or tree, and like the new buds and leaves, I was nothing more than a new shoot from the original and occasionally if the climate was right, I would remember my previous death and rebirth just as was happening to everything that I was looking at in front of me now. Did they too have the ability to perceive the life and death that went before them?
Is there such a thing as reincarnation, and if so what is it? Or is it nothing more than a false memory syndrome?
One of the most compelling verifications of past life is the website that talks about Scientific Evidence for Survival of consciousness after death. There are many stories with citations seen on this site. These are from people of prominence that have studied this phenomenon for many years, looking for validation to understand further the mystery of life and death.
One of the citations is on xenoglossy, which is the ability to speak or write a foreign language a person never learned. After thorough investigation and exoneration of fraud, genetic memory, telepathy and cryptomnesia (the remembering of a foreign language learned earlier), psychic investigators, such as the highly credible Dr. Ian Stevenson, who used scientific method to illustrate xenoglossy claim that there are only two possible explanations — either spirit contact or past life memory both of which are evidence for the afterlife.
Others which involved not only the person that died on the operating table, but the person they visited before returning into their own body. Hitherto skeptics that experienced a near death experience, now are totally transformed. There are so many stories told that it can keep the reader mesmerised for quite a considerable time. 1
Another website by Victor Zammit is also in line with afterlife evidence. It refers to the television show Sensing Murder that I remember seeing with Deb Webber and Kelvin Qruickshank who each independently were able to give some 43 correct variables, accurately describing a murder, where the killing took place, why and who murdered the victim – naming the murderers. Many years after the event of the unsolved murder, we would need to ask ourselves, where did this information come from?2
Edgar Cayce (1877 – 1945) is a much written about psychic that would put himself into a self hypnotic trance state and help people through diagnosing health problems, prescribing dietary regimens, deal with psychic disorders, and predict future events. He spoke of reincarnations. Enough of his diagnoses and predictions proved true to silence many skeptics and to develop a wide following.
In 1900, Cayce was struck by severed laryngitis that resulted in complete loss of his speech. Unable to work any longer as an insurance salesman, he took up the trade of photography. A travelling stage hypnotist and entertainer called "Hart – The Laugh Man" offered to attempt a cure. Cayce accepted, and the attempted cure took place on stage in front of an audience. It was said that remarkably, Cayce's voice returned while in hypnosis but allegedly disappeared on awakening. Even although Hart put in a posthypnotic suggestion that his voice would continue to function after the trance, this proved unsuccessful. As Hart needed to leave for commitments elsewhere, a local hypnotist, Al Layne took over. In hypnosis Layne suggested that Cayce describe what caused the problem he had, and Cayce described his own ailment. According to the reading, his voice loss was due to psychological paralysis and described his cure. On awakening, his voice was alleged to have remained normal. There were relapses that eventually using the same methods, worked permanently.
Cayce said that his trance statements should be taken into account only to the extent that they led to a better life for the recipient. Moreover, he invited his audience to test his suggestions rather than accept them on faith. He never charged for his readings.
There have been many followers and stories about Cayce's work as well as skeptics, which is able to be found on the citation below.3-4
I remember reading a book from my local library many years ago. One of the stories that stayed in my mind was one of a daughter whose father had been a gentle man, but some six months earlier he became violent and aggressive and was put into a mental institution. The daughter had told her boss who wrote to Cayce giving his name, date of birth and where he was. In his hypnosis state Cayce came up with the reading that the father had fallen on his coccyx on the ice. He gave a particular course of action to put the man right again and within a few months he recovered.
I could find many sites on the Internet and write a book on everyone's thoughts about people's experiences and thoughts, but that is not my intention here which is merely to point out a number of thoughts.
Predominantly there are three main trains of thought about death –
We live our life, die and that's it. Nothing, zilch, zero, nought – like a light switch turned off.
We live our life, die and then our soul leaves our body and goes to heaven.
We live our life, die and then in due course, we reincarnate to experience another life.
In any scenario above there is really nothing to worry about dying – how you die, now that could be another matter. In accidents, our own release of chemicals help us through the process in a state of shock that does not feel pain. Perhaps not so easily if we don't take good care of ourselves and illness lingers on, or we have chosen to experience pain (as a client once told me was her purpose in this life).
Here are a few things that have happened in my hypnosis sessions:
Example 1.
I said to a client; When I count, back from 5 to 0 you will go to a time when you were a non-smoker… (The idea being that the client had come to give up smoking and I wanted them to experience how well they managed before taking on the habit.)
Client: Goes back into a past life, sees herself dead on the ground. Two people walk over to her and one was her uncle. He picked her up and carried her to the car then drove to the hospital. They walk down some stairs and he lays her on a stone slab. As she looks up at her uncle, she says; "That's my son in this life."
Client says that she woke up in her bedroom feeling a presence. She sees her father standing at the end of her bed who tells her not to worry as he is all right.
Client who has an alcohol problem feels it has something to do with a past life and asks me to do a past life regression. The past life she experiences is nothing notable and client is instructed to continue viewing and go forward past her life. The client feels a wonderful feeling of love, warmth and comfort. She didn't wish to reincarnate. I asked the reason for her return. She responds; "Because he told me to." As we counselled this, a decision was made to stop drinking.
A Client is being choked to death and feels herself leaving her body. It is a most wonderful feeling to float out of this nightmare, but three people await the ascent, and give instructions to go back… that it is not time yet.
The clock stops each day at precisely 12.00 noon. On occasions, the doorbell rings. When client goes to answer it, no one is there. Client feels there is a presence – in one room it is icy cold. A woman was murdered in the house prior to the client purchasing the house. A conversation takes place between the client and the murdered woman, who describing how she died… told her to move an item from the house… have the icy cold room cleansed from the evil in it. She was also told some things that would occur in the future.
And there have been many other occasions… Understand that I have been in practice for over 20 years, and whilst these are not frequent occurrences, the clients who do a spontaneous regression vividly see. Feel and recall these incidences without prompting. Those clients who wished to see if they are able to access a past life are only led in so far that they are guided further back in this life until they step through a light into a previous time which they describe as they experience this.
I do not advertise that I do past life regression as it may deter clients from coming to see me who would be concerned about such events and who really need my help. But when a client specifically requests this service, I am quite fascinated by it all.
I go through the possibilities with the client that we do not know if what they will experience is real, whether it could be something they may have read in a book, heard someone talk about, and watched in a movie or even simply imagination… I explain research that has proven people to have a false memory syndrome and I describe to them an actual case where a participant interviewed after a mock hold up described in the first interview that the robber had been wearing a balaclava. In the second interview, the participant said that the robber wore a beanie. The counsellor pointed out to him the discrepancy, but the participant insisted that the first counsellor had written it down wrong. The second counsellor was able to show him that he was the one who got it wrong as she showed him the first interview that had been videoed confirmed that the error was his. I also warn clients that some people are not able to access a past life (one of these being myself) and to have something in mind to deal with if this is the case for them.
So is there an afterlife and reincarnation? I will let you the reader decide that as you investigate the resources mentioned below.
1 cited at: http://www.near-death.com/evidence.html#a3 Scientific Evidence for Survival of Consciousness after Death.
2 cited at: https://www.amazon.com.au/Lawyer-Presents-Evidence-Afterlife/dp/1908733225
3-4 cited at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_Cayce Edgar Cayce 1877–1945
http://www.intuitive-connections.net/2004/caycenotpsychic.htm
Tag:deb webber, edgar cyce, false memory, kelvin qruickshank, past life, past life regression, reincarnation, skeptics, victor zammit, xenoglossy
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With the rise of mobile devices and smartphones, long-distance communication has never been so easy. Loved ones are only a quick text or phone call away. But does the rise of mobile communication guarantee successful long-distance relationships? Our research topic is long-distance relationships among bachelor students. We are interested in exploring the impact that technology has on long-distance relationships and how bachelor students perceive long-distance relationships.
For our preliminary research, we used three questions in order to examine the feasibility of and the general interest in our research topic. Five students were asked about their personal experiences and opinions regarding long-distance relationships. We tried to use questions that vary in the level of depth and the answers they trigger. Our questions range from an introductory question to a question requiring a personal opinion and are outlined below.
Do you believe that long-distance relationships have become more prevalent due to advancements in technology and globalisation – and why?
Have you ever been or would you ever consider to be in a long-distance relationship?
In your opinion, out of the three following means of communication (phone calls, Facetime, texting), which do you believe to be most beneficial and least beneficial for long-distance relationships and why?
Our research questions provided interesting insights into the social lives of five students of different nationalities, gender, and age. All students felt that long-distance relationships have become more prevalent thanks to advancements in technology facilitating the communication across long distances. However, different students had differing opinions on how specifically technology can impact a long-distance relationship. Three out of the five participants have been in a long-distance relationship and were opposed to entering one again while the other two had not been in a long-distance relationship but were open to entering one. All participants felt that Facetime was the most beneficial means of communication because it was the most intimate form of communication. In addition, all participants said that texting was the least beneficial due to the lack of nonverbal communication making misunderstandings more common. One student also noted that the convenience of texting actually made it harder to maintain interesting conversation because there was perceived pressure to talk all the time.
The results of our preliminary research open up further interesting areas for research. Is technology always a blessing or also a curse to long-distance relationships? What are the different ways that technology impacts said relationships? What are the positives and negatives of face-to-face communication compared to communication via text?
← Is Social Media making you waste money?


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}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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We have been providing our customers with professional services for over 25 years. Not only do we use top of the line products, but our experience in the field has won us the trust of clients throughout the community and a reputation for delivering satisfying service. We currently serve Carmel, Pebble Beach, and Monterey, CA.
At Carmel Custom Stone Care we maintain a reputation as experts in sealing, cleaning and restoring stone, both interior and exterior.
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Some of the products we use include Aqua Mix and the next generation green sealers. Our Carmel stone care professionals are experienced in sealer selection and application.
We also teach and offer maintenance programs for those interested.


text:
// ***********************************************************************
// <copyright file="SqlMapper.ICustomQueryParameter.cs" company="ServiceStack, Inc.">
//     Copyright (c) ServiceStack, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
// </copyright>
// <summary>Fork for YetAnotherForum.NET, Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0</summary>
// ***********************************************************************
using System.Data;

namespace ServiceStack.OrmLite.Dapper;

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/// Class SqlMapper.
/// </summary>
public static partial class SqlMapper
{
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    /// Implement this interface to pass an arbitrary db specific parameter to Dapper
    /// </summary>
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Ryan International School industry tags is/are Institutes - Educational , Training - Institutes - Schools, The Address of the Ryan International School is Noida Uttar Pradesh India 201301, You can contact on their officials Email Address- [Show_Email_ID] and contact no.- [Show_Phone_No] . or can visit their website - [Show_Website] for more information.
PET PLUS INDIA (PVT.) LTD.
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PRICE PROMISE: We will match any written quote locally, like for like.
Eurofit Autocentres, "What we quote is what you pay" policy offers our customers complete peace of mind & our highly skilled technicians will advise you which repairs are needed. If any additional repairs are required, we will always provide you with a quote before any additional work is carried out.
QUALITY: All work has a mechanical guarantee of 12 months or 12,000 miles (whichever comes first).
As an independent local vehicle repairer, Eurofit Autocentres are a great alternative to main dealerships. We use quality branded parts that meet Original Equipment specifications, whilst maintaining a competitive price.
At Eurofit Autocentres we will only use quality parts on your vehicle that carry 12 months or 12,000 miles (whichever comes first) parts & labour guarantee. To keep your vehicle fully maintained, take advantage of our free vehicle health check, ask in store for more details.
CUSTOMER SERVICE: We go above & beyond to deliver a high standard of service.
EXPERTISE: Our progressive training ensures all technicians are trained to the highest level.
TRUST: 98% of our customers recommend us to their friends or families, as an independent local vehicle repairer.
Service: European Union Legislation now gives motorists greater freedom in deciding who maintains their vehicles. Here at Eurofit we can carry out normal maintenance, servicing & repairs without invalidating the manufacturer's warranty (subject to services being carried out in accordance with dealer servicing schedules).
Please advise at the time of booking if a dealer service is required & a quotation will be provided based on the age, mileage & manufacturer's service schedule.
In all cases after completing any type of service, your service book will be stamped & service light reset. Your invoice will confirm the works undertaken as well as any recommendations of further work.
Suspension & Steering: All mechanical components fitted to your vehicle are covered under the standard guarantee of 12 months or 12,000 miles parts & labour (whichever comes first).
Brakes: Guarantee excludes parts failed due to separate defects such as heavy braking, brake fluid failure & malicious damage. Guarantee is subject to all other brake components being to a serviceable standard. Use minimum brake pressure for 150 miles for replaced frictional lining components to bed in.
Exhausts: Failure of exhaust parts will require returning to manufacturer for inspection. Components fitted to your vehicle are covered under the standard guarantee unless stated otherwise.
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Note: refund will depend on the wear of the tyre & the outcome of inspection. You are required to purchase replacement tyres whilst this takes place. Tyre manufacturer's terms apply.
Wheel Alignment/ Tracking: Tracking is affected by road & driving conditions such as speed bumps, kerbing, steering & suspension faults & subsequently not covered under the Eurofit guarantee. However, if you feel that further adjustment is necessary, we will check & adjust free of charge within 7 working days of invoice date.
Battery: Before any replacement is carried out, our technicians will conduct a full inspection on the charging system. If a fault lies elsewhere & you do not authorise the fitting of any additional parts required to restore the battery system to full working order, this guarantee will not apply. However, depending on manufacturer's specification, batteries are covered with a minimum of 12 months unless stated otherwise.
Diagnostics: If a dashboard instrument fault light occurs, due to the complexity of the modern vehicle a diagnostic check will be required to determine the cause of fault. An underlying issue will have caused other components to fail; subsequently these will need replacing before the underlying fault can be rectified. This guarantee will not apply if the underlying fault is not rectified. Guarantee will only cover the part originally fitted by Eurofit Autocentres.
How to make a claim under Eurofit Autocentres Guarantee?
Simply call your local vehicle repairer & inform us of your issue. Take your original receipt, your guarantee leaflet, & any other paperwork provided to you at the time of purchase with your vehicle to the centre of your choice within our network. Please ensure to keep all original paperwork, as failure to produce it could affect your ability to make a guarantee claim.
Guarantee Terms and Conditions: Eurofit Autocentre guarantee is non-transferable & only applies to the person who purchased the original parts. Our guarantee does not extend to any monetary, compensation claim or any consequential or additional losses. Company vehicles, hire vehicles, taxis & vehicles used for commercial purposes or competitive sports are not covered. Parts failing as a result of criminal or malicious damage, fire, theft or where the vehicle has been tampered or repaired by another garage or individual without consent are not covered. Also, if parts failed due to other components failing are not covered, lack of maintenance or use of wrong fluids. In the event of one of our locations not being within a reasonable distance – contact our Head Office who will advise you further, as we do not guarantee work undertaken elsewhere.
PLEASE NOTE: This guarantee does not cover any defect caused by excessive wear or corrosion, or any costs incurred through loss of use. Manufacturer's conditions of sale apply to all goods sold. All warranties are in addition to & do not detract from your statutory rights. Manufacturer's conditions of sale apply to all goods sold. For further terms contact our Head Office.
You must provide us with a written like for like quotation from a VAT registered repairer located within a 3 mile radius of your local Eurofit Autocentre. The parts quoted must be like for like i.e. manufacturer, make, model, quality & completed within the same time scale as agreed with your local Eurofit. Any claim must be made to the manager & accompanied by a written quote within 7 days of work being completed. Any special offer or discount must be communicated clearly in writing. Comparison of goods or services must be to the identical specification & quality. Our comparison of goods or services will compare to the total price for the job to be completed after all discounts, including parts & labour & not individual line items.
Once we verify your claim, we will match the lower price. Eurofit Autocentres reserve the right to modify or cancel this offer, & the terms & conditions at any time in its sole discretion. This does not apply to individual line items on an invoice, tyres or tyre fitting, garages that are not VAT registered, discounts not available to the mass market i.e. employee discounts, negotiated discounts, the trade, fleet customers do not apply.


Moon Taxi Covers My Morning Jacket In Louisville - Utter Buzz!
On Friday night Moon Taxi brought their tour to Louisville, Kentucky for a gig at the Iroquois Amphitheater. The rock act nodded to their surroundings by serving up a cover from local heroes My Morning Jacket during their encore.
The five-piece act opened up their night in The Bluegrass State with "All Night Long" from their 2015 release Daybreaker. From there the band would work their way through selections from four of their studio efforts including a trio of songs from Let The Record Play which was released earlier this year. When Moon Taxi emerged for their encore they surprised fans as they delivered a take on My Morning Jacket's "Victory Dance." The band delivered a faithful rendering of the tune from the Louisville-birthed band's 2011 album Circuital.


Retiring a shirt number is the ultimate honor to a loyal servant of a team. It goes to a player who has made a huge impression on his playing time to become a fan-favorite. Though it's not very common in football, there are some players who shirts numbers were retired. All in all, here are 6 legendary footballers whose jersey numbers were retired.
#OnThisDay in 1964, Dutch legend Johan Cruyff made his debut for Ajax.
Not only did Cruff become the greatest footballer of all-time, but he also reinvented football in many ways. As a 10-year-old boy, Johan Cruff joined Ajax to become their greatest player and manager later after.
As a player, Curuff took them to Eredivisie title 8 times and the European Cup 3 times. His iconic number 14 jersey was retired by the Amsterdam side in 2007.
When they are talking about the best defenders of all time, Paolo Maldini makes it. The Italian legend spent his career as a Milan boy, winning five Champions League titles as a remarkable feat.
A servant of the club for over 25 years, it's fair to say Paolo Maldini earned the honor of retaining his number three shirt. Though that jersey is retired, Maldini still has the right to re-instate it if any of his sons play for Milan.
Roberto Baggio graced the pitch for many Italian clubs, including Inter Milan, Juventus, Milan, Fiorentina, and Brescia. But only Brescia gave the iconic forward the ultimate respect by retiring his number 10 jersey.


text:
These freewheeling LI commuters skip cars, trains
Jeff Zero leaves his job in Farmingdale to commute home to Syosset on his Spyder 3-wheeler. Credit: Andrew Theodorakis
By Ken Schachter kenneth.schachter@newsday.com @kschach Updated February 21, 2019 6:00 AM
They are Long Island's commuting mavericks.
While nine out of 10 workers hop in a car, truck, van or train to get to work, these Long Islanders take the mode less traveled — walking, running or riding on two wheels or three.
These devoted commuting outliers include an ultramarathoner and college professor who runs to work year-round, a bicyclist who rides through rain and cold, and a motorcyclist who compares the attention his three-wheeled vehicle attracts to being "a rock star."
Statistically, they barely move the needle, given Long Island's tally of 1.4 million workers recorded in a 2017 study by the Census Bureau. But as planners strive to create villages with walkable downtowns and access to mass transit, they may be pointing toward Long Island's future.
Eric Alexander, executive director of Vision Long Island, a Northport-based smart-growth planning group, walks three blocks to work from his Northport home.
"I practice what I preach," Alexander, 48, said.
Eric Alexander, executive director of Vision Long Island, walks to work in Northport. Credit: Andrew Theodorakis
But he acknowledged that unpredictable bus service and dangerous roads make it difficult to promote transportation alternatives.
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A vast majority of Long Island commuters — 81.9 percent — still battle with bumper-to-bumper traffic on the Long Island Expressway and other roads, a shade lower than the 82.6 percent a decade ago, according to the Census Bureau. Three out of four drivers are alone in their cars, while almost 7 percent carpool, according to the data.
Another 8.4 percent jostle to get a seat on the railroad. That's up from 7.6 percent in 2007.
Other transportation modes remain a backwater.
"Biking, walking and bus service just don't get the dollars," Alexander said of government funding allocations. "There's an inequity in that."
Vehicle registrations on Long Island grew to 2.1 million in 2017 from 1.9 million five years earlier, demonstrating cars' continued popularity, said Robert Sinclair, media relations manager for AAA of New York.
Sprawling Suffolk County, in particular, is "struggling to get people out of their cars," said Lawrence Levy, executive dean of the National Center for Suburban Studies at Hofstra University.
These commuters, however, are not waiting for Long Island municipalities to pour funds into bus service, sidewalks and bike paths.
Instead, they are putting the suburban car culture in the rearview mirror and — to hear them tell it — are not looking back.
Stefan Judex, of Port Jefferson, runs to his job as a Stony Brook University professor. Credit: Jessica Rotkiewicz
Stefan Judex
Commute (one way): 4 miles
Method: Running
Notable expense: $120 per month for shoes
Stefan Judex views his commute as an opportunity.
He runs 4 miles from his Port Jefferson home to and from his job as professor and interim chair of Stony Brook University's Department of Biomedical Engineering.
An avid runner and triathlete, Judex, 50, uses the route — which can be extended to 10 miles — as a path to maintain his edge for races.
For instance, he's planning to run the Paumanok Pursuit 70k (43.5-mile) Run & Relay ultramarathon — from Rocky Point to Hampton Bays — in April.
The commute typically takes between 30 and 60 minutes. There's a shower in his building, and once a week he totes a backpack with clothing for the week.
About 2 percent of Long Island workers walk — or in the case of Judex, run — to work, according to the Census Bureau estimate. That's about the same percentage as in 2007.
Judex, who estimates he ran more than 2,000 miles last year, said he used a bicycle to get to work his first 10 years at Stony Brook, but has switched to running in the last decade.
"It totally helps me mentally to let off steam and get balanced again," he said. "There's nothing much going through my mind. This is what rejuvenates my mental state."
Kevin Motel bicycles to his job at Cycle Fast in Huntington Station, along with his dog Hubble. Credit: James Carbone
Kevin Motel
Commute (one way): 3-1/2 miles
Method: Bicycling
Notable expense: $1,299.99 bicycle purchased in 2014
Kevin Motel said his last car "kicked the bucket" in the summer of 2014.
He lives with his fiancee, who has a car, but he bikes to his sales job at Cycle Fast USA, a bike shop in Huntington Station.
The only exceptions: On fewer than 15 days per year when the weather is exceptionally bad, he catches a ride.
"You get tougher regarding the weather," he said. "You plan a little bit better. I definitely 100 percent love riding my bike instead of driving my car."
Three or four days a week, Motel brings his 3-year-old dog Hubble, a pug mix, to work in a bike trailer.
Bicycling to work, however, remains a decidedly niche method on Long Island. While 6.5 percent of commuters rode bicycles in alternative-culture hub Portland, Oregon, according to 2017 Census estimates, only about a quarter of 1 percent of Long Islanders did.
Motel, 32, said his 5-year-old Trek Touring bike has about 10,000 miles on it, and there are few additional costs.
"I am the motor," he said.
Jeff Zero says the attention his Spyder 3-wheeler attracts makes him feel "like a rock star." Credit: Andrew Theodorakis
Jeff Zero
Commute (one way): 10 miles
Method: Motorcycling on a three-wheeler
Notable expense: $12 per week in gas
Driving a three-wheeled motorcycle like Jeff Zero's Can-Am Spyder is not for shrinking violets.
"You feel like a rock star," he said. "Wherever you go, people are pointing and waving."
Zero bought his 2010 Spyder for $12,000 about four years ago, but he only began using it to commute regularly in the past year. Before that he drove his 2002 Jeep Grand Cherokee.
The Census Bureau lumps motorcycles with taxis and "other means" of commuting. But even combined with ride hailing, the category amounted to less than 1 percent of Long Island workers in 2017.
Zero, vice president of the recently formed Long Island chapter of the US Spyder Ryders, commutes from Syosset to Farmingdale, where he works in a machine shop programming computerized tools. He only drives his Jeep in the most severe weather.
Heated gloves and a jacket liner that plug into the Spyder's battery ward off the cold, he said.
Zero also uses it to go to the Syosset Volunteer Fire Department, where he is an emergency medical technician.
For Zero, 61, the Spyder adds a "fun factor" absent from a typical commute.
"I get home from work, and the first thing my wife says is: 'Can we go out for a ride?' " Zero said.
Aaron Watkins-Lopez, of Stony Brook, takes the bus home after work in Setauket. Credit: Jessica Rotkiewicz
Aaron Watkins-Lopez
Method: Bus
Notable expense: $5 per day in bus fare
Aaron Watkins-Lopez shuns the car culture that clogs Long Island's roads.
The Stony Brook resident is the rare suburbanite who has neither car nor driver's license.
"I don't feel comfortable driving," he said. "Fiscally, it was something I never wanted to put money into. I preferred to put money into trips abroad. I've gone to England. I've gone to Dubai."
Only 1.7 percent of Long Island commuters joined Watkins-Lopez in using buses as their primary commuting vehicle in 2017, according to the Census.
Watkins-Lopez, 27, said that a smartphone app that locates the bus has made his commute more manageable.
Unlike jumping in a car and going, however, bus riders need patience and shoe leather.
Watkins-Lopez has a 10-minute walk to and from bus stops to get to his job as an administrative assistant at Setauket Presbyterian Church.
"Buses can get you to most places," he said. "It's just a matter of planning."
Zach Slavin leaves his Rockville Centre home on his motorcycle, headed to work in Manhattan. Credit: Johnny Milano
Zach Slavin
Method: Motorcycle
Notable expenses: Free parking and round-trip on 1.25 gallons of gas
Zach Slavin figures he gets double the gas mileage and pays half the tolls by driving his motorcycle from Rockville Centre to his job as an IT project manager on Park Avenue South in Manhattan. Parking is free.
"I'm saving between $30 and $40 a day" in tolls, parking fees and fuel compared to driving a car, he said.
Slavin, 60, said he has been riding his 2009 Kawasaki Vulcan 900 Classic LT to work about 20 days a month for the past three years.
"I ride [when temperatures are] 24 degrees and up as long as the roads are dry," said the retired NYPD lieutenant. Other days, he drives a 2018 Nissan Rogue.
Slavin, who is a member of the Blue Knights, a police motorcycle group, said his commute typically runs about an hour.
"Psychologically, it's invigorating," he said. "Even if I have a bad day at work, I get a motorcycle ride at the end of the day."
Lisa Hendrickson commutes up the stairs in her Port Washington home. Credit: Newsday/J. Conrad Williams Jr.
Lisa Hendrickson
Commute (one way): 13 steps
Method: Walking
Notable expense: $0 for parking and fuel
Perhaps the most radical alternative to commuting is to eliminate it altogether.
Lisa Hendrickson used to take the Long Island Rail Road to jobs at public relations firms in Manhattan's Flatiron District.
More than 20 years ago, she struck out on her own, founding LCH Communications, based in her Port Washington home.
She figures her "commute," which amounts to walking up a flight of stairs, saves her about $500 a month.
Hendrickson, in her mid-50s, uses conference calls to stay in touch with clients around the country. Google Docs and emails help her collaborate with writers and editors who work for the agency.
Scheduling is flexible. An evening conference with West Coast clients can allow for a morning yoga class.
"I don't miss commuting," she said.
Long Island commuting by the numbers:
Cars, trucks, vans: 81.9%
Railroad: 8.4%
Work at home: 4%
Walking: 2%
Taxicab, motorcycle or other: 0.87%
Subway: 0.8%
Bicycle: 0.26%
Source: Census Bureau 2017 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates
By Ken Schachter kenneth.schachter@newsday.com	@kschach
Ken Schachter covers corporate news, including technology and aerospace, and other business topics for Newsday. He has also worked at The Miami Herald and The Jerusalem Post.
Business top stories
0:58 Realtors' group to roll out changes to fight housing discrimination
Officials: Amazon plans 3rd Long Island warehouse
LI students win in business competition
New president named at Minuteman Press
1:31 + FOR OUR SUBSCRIBERS Offshore wind farms could bring windfall to LI firms
See who got hired, promoted on Long Island
Opt-out testing numbers drop in Long Island districts
Sources: Isles' arena groundbreaking tentatively set
Police: Man groped three women, one at her home
Wildly popular coffee shop opens second location
Longstanding Italian eatery moves to new location
Fitness for LI senior citizens can begin with one step


Chlorpropamide belongs to a group of medications called sulfonylureas. It is used to lower blood sugar for people with type 2 diabetes when diet, exercise, and weight loss have not controlled blood sugar well enough.
It works by stimulating the release of insulin, which lowers blood sugar and helps to make the body more sensitive to the effects of insulin. This medication usually starts to work within 1 week, but it may take up to 4 weeks to see its full effect.
Apo-Chlorpropamide is no longer being manufactured for sale in Canada. This article is being kept available for reference purposes only. If you are using this medication, speak with your doctor or pharmacist for information about your treatment options.
The recommended dose of chlorpropamide ranges from 100 mg to 500 mg once daily taken with breakfast.
The usual initial dose is 250 mg daily. For seniors, the initial dose is usually lower and ranges from 100 mg to 125 mg daily. If stomach upset occurs, larger doses can be split into two and taken with breakfast and supper when suggested by your doctor.
Allergy: People who are allergic to sulfa medications may also be allergic to chlorpropamide.
Blood sugar control: For people with diabetes, loss of blood sugar control may occur during illness or stressful situations such as trauma or surgery. Under these conditions, your doctor may recommend or prescribe insulin until the situation improves.
Diabetes complications: Chlorpropamide has not been proven to prevent the development of complications associated with diabetes.
Hemolytic anemia: People with a genetic deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) should not take this medication as it may cause hemolytic anemia (a rapid destruction of red blood cells).
People taking this medication should monitor their blood sugar regularly and keep emergency glucose available to treat low blood sugar levels. Contact your doctor if you experience low blood sugar while taking this medication.
Reduced response: Over a period of time, people may become less responsive to medications such as chlorpropamide because of worsening of their diabetes. If your blood sugar levels are not controlled while taking this medication, contact your doctor.
Pregnancy: Chlorpropamide should not be used during pregnancy. If you become pregnant while taking this medication, contact your doctor immediately.
Breast-feeding: Chlorpropamide passes into breast milk and is not recommended for women who are breast-feeding.
Children: The safety and effectiveness of using this medication for children have not been established.


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Today's Petrol price in Cooch-behar (West Bengal) is Rs. 75.73 per Litre. Last change in Cooch-behar petrol price was on April 23, 2019 and it was increased by +0 rupees. In addition, we bring you the most recent petrol price changes in Cooch-behar city. The petrol price is inclusive of West Bengal state taxes.


text:
Senate Passes Nigerian Railway Corporation Bill, 2016
by Legalnaija | Jul 22, 2016 | Uncategorized
Senator Gbenga Ashafa (Chairman, Senate Committee on Land Transport)
The Senate on Thursday,
July 21, 2016, passed the Nigerian Railway Corporation Bill 2016 seeking to
replace the 61 year old obsolete Nigerian Railway Corporation Act, 1955. The
Bill sailed through third reading after a very rigorous exercise; and hopes to
revitalize the Railway sector for optimal development and conform to modern
trends and challenges.
The Nigerian Railway
Corporation Repeal and Reenactment Bill 2015, was sponsored by Senator Andy Uba.
The Chairman of the Senate Committee on Land Transport, Senator Gbenga Ashafa and
other members held interactive sessions with the Ministry of Transport and the
Nigerian Railway Corporation to evaluate the challenges facing the rail sector
including a public hearing.
A crucial reform which the
bill is presenting is the necessary inclusion of Public Private Partnership
(PPP) Initiatives in the Nigerian Railway Sector. The bill also separates the
regulator from the operators. It is Hoped that introduction of the Bill will
drive the needed economic reform in the industry and provide private investment
opportunities for the sector.
Time Has Come To Open Up Our Railway Sector To Private Sector Participation- Senator Gbenga B. Ashafa.
by Legalnaija | Jul 8, 2016 | Uncategorized
Senator Gbenga B. Ashafa
representing Lagos East Senatorial District at the 8th Senate, is
the Chairman Senate Committee on Land Transport. Through this feature, he
renders his opinion on how to transform the Nigerian Railway Sector and a
report on the efforts of the Senate Committee on Land Transport towards
ensuring a transformed railway Sector beneficial to all Nigerians.
Corporation traces its history to the year 1898, when the first railroad in
Nigeria was constructed by the British colonial government. On October 3, 1912
the Lagos Government Railway and the Baro-Kano Railway were amalgamated,
starting nationwide rail service under the name Government Department of
Railways. With the passing of the Nigerian Railway Corporation Act of 1955, the
company gained its current name as well as the exclusive legal right to
construct and operate rail service in Nigeria. The rail network reached its
maximum extent shortly after Nigerian independence, in 1964. Shortly after
that, the NRC entered a long period of decline, inept management, and
eventually a complete lack of maintenance of rail and locomotive assets. In
1988, NRC declared bankruptcy, and all rail traffic stopped for six months.
After that, trains resumed, where the tracks were usable. By 2002, passenger
service was again discontinued altogether. Starting in 2006, plans were made to
restore the rail lines and add new locomotives with foreign assistance. In
December 2012 regular, scheduled passenger service was restored on the Lagos to
Kano line."– Wikepedia
I have chosen to start
this article with the foregoing quote from Wikepedia to give you all a
background of the history of the Nigerian Railway Corporation and by extension
the Nigerian Rail Sector. This quote will also put in proper perspective the
urgent need to open up our railway sector to Public/Private Sector
Participation.
In the recent past,
Nigeria particularly has learnt that private participation drives effectiveness
and Accountability in most service/utility sectors. We have learnt that the
Government cannot carry the burden of delivering every service or utility.
Successive governments in Nigeria have over the years burdened itself with the
task of providing power, water, a National Carrier, Telecommunications,
Railways etc.
What we have experienced
till recently has been a steady decline in the functionality of Government-run
social utility services. This has led to the change in disposition of
Government towards extending a hand of partnership to the private sector to
come and invest in some of these sectors. Sectors that have benefitted from the
Private Sector Participation in Government Business include the
Telecommunications Sector and the Power Sector.
Since the introduction of
private sector participation in the Telecommunications Sector, the service has
become more affordable, effective and accessible to every single Nigerian. The
Telecommunications value chain also employs Millions of Nigerians with
investment in the Sector set at about $32 Billion as at the first quarter of
Till the Telecoms sector
was opened up in 2001, it was an untapped gold mine with unfathomable
potential. It is this same quantum of potential that we seek to replicate by
introducing the requisite CHANGE into the Nigerian Railway Sector.
Now, to achieve this
change in disposition of any critical sector, there has to be a critical change
in the Legislation that drives the Sector. Legislation forms the fulcrum of
human, government and business interrelationship in every society. Hence what
we need to and seek to do is to drastically change the legislation that guides
the Nigerian Rail Sector to ensure that we maximize the full yet untapped
potential inherent therein. For the sake of emphasis, the legislation that
guides the Nigerian Railway Corporation was promulgated in 1955 (61 years ago).
Till now, you will agree
with me that the country has focused primarily on road transportation in
ferrying persons, goods and services from one point to the other. What this has
led to over the years has been an influx of cars, congested roads,
over-burdened road infrastructure, loss of lives to accidents and reduction in
the productivity of manpower due to unending hours spent in traffic jams.
Government after
government has invested even more in road expansion projects. The result as can
be observed in the case of Lagos and Abuja has been a gradual occupation of the
expanded roads with more cars. This is attributable to rural-urban migration as
well as population explosion across the nation.
Mass transit remains a
very pivotal aspect of the development of any city. It plays a critical role in
enhancing productivity of the state by ensuring the movement of the largest
number of people from point A to Point B within the shortest possible time. It
also reflects the quality of life and the value placed on the unit citizen by
any responsible government.
You will agree with me
that the most effective means of transporting large quantities of humans, goods
and services within any country is via rail. This is why whenever the topic of
mass transit is discussed; rail transportation must be given its pride of
In the light of the
foregoing, When I was appointed the Chairman of the Senate Committee on Land
Transport, my humble self and committee members held interactive sessions with
the Ministry of Transport and the Nigerian Railway Corporation to listen to the
challenges facing the rail sector. We also at other different fora interfaced
with stakeholders in the Rail Sector to feel their pulse on what needs to
change to enable the Sector thrive. Our intention was to ascertaining how we as
legislators could be of assistance to the Federal Government and fellow
Nigerians through creating an enabling environment to revamp the rail sector
through the instrumentality of legislation.
Upon our interaction with
the Stakeholders, we discovered that there is an urgent need to open up the
Sector to active private participation, predicated upon both State and Private
Sector Participation on a level playing field. To achieve this, we zeroed-in
an urgent need to amend or repeal the existing Nigerian Railway
Corporation Act, 1955, which does not contemplate private participation in
the rail sector. I am therefore convinced that the time has come for us to open
up our railway sector to private sector participation.
Just in good time, the
Senate at Plenary forwarded the Nigerian Railway Corporation Repeal and
Reenactment Bill 2015, sponsored by Distinguished Senator Andy Uba to the
Senate Committee on Land Transport. Shortly after that, the National Transport
commission Bill 2016 was equally forwarded to the Committee on Land
Transport.
With regard to the
Nigerian Railway Corporation Repeal and Reenactment bill, the Senate Committee
on Land Transport successfully held a public hearing, which had in attendance
all the important stakeholders in the sector. This culminated in the setting up
of a technical committee made up of stakeholders with the legal and technical
expertise to further advise the Senate committee on the desirable disposition
of the proposed legislation. On Wednesday, 24th May, 2015, the
report of the technical committee was submitted to us and I had the privilege
of presenting the said report to His Excellency, the President of the 8th Senate,
Dr. Abubakar Bukola Saraki on the same date.
Based on the
recommendation of both the Senate Committee on Land Transport and the Technical
Committee on the Nigerian Railway Corporation Act Repeal and Reenactment Bill
2015, it was agreed that due to the extensive recommended changes, the tittle of
the Bill should be changed to the Nigerian Railway bill, 2016.
Consideration of the
report of the Senate committee on Land Transport with regard to the said Bill
has equally commenced before the Senate at plenary. The Third and Final Reading
of the Bill, which will include the line-by-line consideration of the committee
recommendations with regard to the Bill will be completed upon the resumption
of the Senate from its recess. With regard to the National Transport Commission
Bill, preparations are currently in full gear to hold a public hearing as
It is very important to
note that up until 1993, the British also ran a state model of ownership and
operation of the Railways and they faced similar challenges in funding and
efficiency of the service. In a speech titled Rail growth through
competition: the success of the UK model delivered by The
Rt Hon Patrick McLoughlin MP on 12 November 2013 at the European Rail
Congress, McLoughling pointed out as follows: "In fact the
Railways Act came into effect on November 5 1993, breaking up the state-run
British Rail, and transforming the face of our railway for ever. Nobody back
then could have predicted the extraordinary changes that have taken place over
the subsequent 2 decades."
McLoughling stated further
that "Rail travel had dwindled to such an extent that most
people thought the private train operators would manage a decline in both
passenger and freight traffic. How wrong they were. Privatisation sparked a
railway renaissance. Since 1993, passenger journeys have doubled in the UK to a
level not seen since the 1920s. On a network roughly the same size as 15 years
ago, today our railway is running 4,000 more services a day. And rail freight
has grown by 60%. Revenue is up more than £3 billion since privatisation,
almost all of it due to higher passenger numbers rather than fare rises Safety
levels are at an all time high. Punctuality is at near record levels. And passenger
satisfaction is up by 10% over the past decade. None of this would have
happened without privatization, without competition, without franchises
investing in better services. Without an industry structure promoting
accountability and incentivising growth."
What we seek to achieve by
these legislations is to replicate in Nigeria what started in the United
Kingdom a bit over 20 years ago and as succinctly captured by the quotes from
McLoughlin MP, just above.
This radical departure
from the norm will make the sector more attractive to investors, by separating
the roles of the operators and the regulator. A whole lot of investors have
over time complained about the role of the Nigerian Railway Corporation as both
the operator and the regulator in the sector. With the
upcoming legislation, we expect to see a completely re-positioned Rail
Transport Sector, open to private sector participation.
Once the rail sector is
opened up to Private Sector Participation, we would have achieved two principal
things, which are; Creation of Millions of jobs on one hand and also we would
have successfully solved the challenge of inter/intra city mass transit.
Further more, in respect
to Public Private Partnerships in the Rail Sector, the World Bank Group's
Public-Private-Partnership in Infrastructure Resource Center has also
recommended the shared infrastructure model, which the upcoming legislation
proposes when it stated that, "PPPs in railways can bring
opportunities for investment, operating efficiency and modern and clean
technology. PPP railway projects providing for shared use of rail tracks may
lead to efficiency gains
and
an increased revenue basis for states"
Having said these, I must
thoroughly commend the effort of the Muhammadu Buhari led APC Government through
the Ministry of Transportation headed by H.E Rt. Hon Rotimi Amaechi in
consolidating the infrastructure relevant to drive our renewed rail sector, the
Senate President who ab-initio showed interest in this vital sector by
convening the National Assembly Business Environment Roundtable for the first
time. I also commend the various states that have begun laudable intra-city
rail lines, of particular note is the Government of Lagos State ably led by H.E
Governor Akinwunmi Ambode. The Nigerian Railway Bill 2016 will essentially
become the Bill that will bring all these brilliant initiatives by the Federal
government and soon- to- be investors together to ease the Mass Transportation
challenges across the Nation and as such help to increase the collective
productivity of our work force.
In the same vein, I would
like to seize this opportunity to commend all those who have worked tirelessly
and pro-bono with the Senate Committee on Land transport, particularly the
members of the Technical Committee on the Railway bill, ably chaired by
Engineer C.C Okoye, the Chairman Body of Fellows, Nigerian Society of
Engineers, the Nigerian Infrastructure Advisory Fund, Nigerian Economic Summit
Group, Ministry of Transport, Office of the Senate President, the Nigerian Railway
Corporation and all those who time and space would not allow me to mention
here. We are indeed grateful.
It is our earnest hope,
that these laws garner support across board and that upon the passage of these
new legislations by this 8th National Assembly, we would have
contributed in no small measure in opening up the rail sector, thereby
attracting both Local and Foreign investments, creating millions of jobs and
also establish a beneficial platform for the transportation of humans, goods
and services alike.


Thank you so much to all of our sponsors, volunteers, runners, walkers and everyone that came out to The 2nd Annual Clemmons Stride for Courage 5K and Fun Run!! Because of YOU we are able to donate over $3000 to Cancer Services, Inc.!! Think of all of the good you have done! We are so looking forward to next year! You all have such amazing hearts and we are so thankful for all of you! See you next June!