text:
Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans Florida; Prevention of Significant Deterioration
A Rule by the Environmental Protection Agency on 06/27/2008
EPA-R04-OAR-2006-0130-200814
FRL-8684-4
E8-14400
I. What action is EPA taking?
II. What is the background of EPA's action on the Florida PSD rule revisions?
III. What is the background of EPA's action on Florida's PSD program for electric power plants?
IV. Final Action
V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
PART 52—[AMENDED]
Subpart K—Florida
https://www.federalregister.gov/d/E8-14400 https://www.federalregister.gov/d/E8-14400
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Final rule.
EPA is taking final action to conditionally approve revisions to the Florida State Implementation Plan (SIP) submitted by the State of Florida on February 3, 2006. The SIP revisions modify the Florida Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) program to address changes to the federal new source review (NSR) regulations, which were promulgated by EPA on December 31, 2002, and reconsidered with minor changes on November 7, 2003 (commonly referred to as the "2002 NSR Reform Rules"). In addition EPA is approving Florida's concurrent February 3, 2006, request to make the State's PSD permitting program applicable to electric power plants, which are also subject to the Florida Electrical Power Plant Siting Act (PPSA). EPA proposed conditional approval of these revisions on April 4, 2008; no comments were received on that proposal.
Effective Date: This rule will be effective July 28, 2008.
EPA has established a docket for this action under Docket Identification No. EPA-R04-OAR-2006-0130. All documents in the docket are listed on the http://www.regulations.gov Web site. Although listed in the index, some information is not publicly available, i.e., Confidential Business Information or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, is not placed on the Internet and will be publicly available only in hard copy form. Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically through http://www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at the Regulatory Development Section, Air Planning Branch, Air, Pesticides and Toxics Management Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 4, 61 Forsyth Street, SW., Atlanta, Georgia 30303-8960. EPA requests that if at all possible, you contact the person listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section to schedule your inspection. The Regional Office's official hours of business are Monday through Friday, 8:30 to 4:30 excluding federal holidays.
For information regarding the Florida State Implementation Plan, contact Ms. Heidi LeSane, Regulatory Development Section, Air Planning Branch, Air, Pesticides and Toxics Management Division, Region 4, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 61 Forsyth Street, SW., Atlanta, Georgia 30303-8960. The telephone number is (404) 562-9074. Ms. LeSane can also be reached via electronic mail at lesane.heidi@epa.gov. For information regarding New Source Review, contact Ms. Yolanda Adams, Air Permits Section, at the same address above. The telephone number is (404) 562-9214. Ms. Adams can also be reached via electronic mail at adams.yolanda@epa.gov.
NSR Reform Revisions. EPA is taking final action to conditionally approve revisions to the Florida SIP (Florida Administrative Code (F.A.C.) Chapters 62-204, 62-210, and 62-212) as submitted by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) on February 3, 2006, which included changes to Florida's PSD program. As part of the current conditional approval, Florida has agreed to (1) revise the definition of "new emissions unit" to be consistent with the federal definition or revise the definition to define what is meant by "beginning normal operation" and provide an equivalency demonstration supporting the revised definition; (2) revise the definition of "significant emissions rate" to include ozone depleting substances; (3) Start Printed Page 36436withdraw the request that EPA include a significant emissions rate for mercury in the Florida SIP, specifically F.A.C. Chapter 62-210.200(243)(a)2; and (4) revise the recordkeeping requirements at F.A.C. section 62-212.300(3)(a)1 to be consistent with federal requirements found at 40 CFR 51.166(r)(6).
Applicability of Florida's SIP-approved PSD permitting program to electric power plants. In addition to and in conjunction with the conditional approval of Florida's PSD SIP revisions, EPA is approving Florida's concurrent February 3, 2006, request to make the State's PSD permitting program applicable to electric power plants subject to the Florida PPSA. This means that Florida's SIP-approved PSD permitting program, including the conditional approval of the State's PSD revisions noted above, will apply to electric power plants in Florida in lieu of the current federally delegated PSD program.
On April 4, 2008 (73 FR 18466), EPA published a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPR) in the Federal Register, proposing to conditionally approve the Florida SIP revisions and proposing to approve Florida's request to make the State's PSD program applicable to electric power plants, which are also subject to the Florida PPSA. The April 4, 2008, NPR provides additional information about the proposed Florida SIP revisions and the rationale for this final action. The public comment period for the proposed action ended on May 5, 2008. No comments were received on EPA's proposed action. EPA is now taking final action to conditionally approve the February 3, 2006, SIP revision from Florida and to approve Florida's request to make the State's PSD permitting program applicable to electric power plants subject to the Florida PPSA.
On December 31, 2002 (67 FR 80186), EPA published final rule changes to 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) parts 51 and 52, regarding the Clean Air Act ("CAA" or "Act") PSD and nonattainment new source review (NNSR) programs. On November 7, 2003 (68 FR 63021), EPA published a notice of final action on its reconsideration of the December 31, 2002, final rule changes. In that November 7, 2003, final action, EPA added the definition of "replacement unit," and clarified an issue regarding plant-wide applicability limitations. Collectively, these EPA final actions are referred to as the "2002 NSR Reform Rules." On June 13, 2007 (72 FR 32526), EPA took final action to revise the 2002 NSR Reform Rules to exclude the clean units and PCP provisions that were vacated by the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (D.C. Circuit Court) on June 24, 2005. Further, on December 21, 2007, EPA took final action on the portion of the 2002 NSR Reform Rules remanded by the D.C. Circuit Court, regarding the reasonable possibility in recordkeeping provision. The "reasonable possibility" provision identifies, for sources and reviewing authorities, the circumstances under which a major stationary source undergoing a modification that does not trigger major NSR must keep records. On December 21, 2007, EPA established that a "reasonable possibility" exists where source emissions equal or exceed 50 percent of the CAA NSR significance levels for any pollutant (72 FR 72607). These changes became effective on January 22, 2008, and the final action on that provision explains the process that states should follow if a SIP revision is necessary.[1]
The Florida SIP revisions being approved today revise Florida's PSD program consistent with the federal program. In so doing, Florida not only provided substantive revisions to its rules, but also reorganized the rules to better follow the outline of the corresponding federal rules. This reorganization does not have any substantive impact on the PSD program as a whole, or its relationship with Florida's operating permits program (CAA title V program). Florida's PSD program continues to work in concert with its title V operating permit program to ensure that applicable requirements, including any applicable PSD requirements, are a part of lawful operation of a source under Florida's title V program.
The February 3, 2006, SIP submittal consists of revisions to the following FDEP rules: F.A.C. Chapter 62-204, "Air Pollution Control—General Provisions;" F.A.C. Chapter 62-210, "Stationary Sources—General Provisions;" and F.A.C. Chapter 62-212, "Stationary Sources—Preconstruction Review." The revisions were made to update the Florida PSD program to make it consistent with the December 31, 2002, changes to the federal NSR program. EPA is conditionally approving the February 3, 2006, SIP submittal consistent with section 110(k)(4) of the CAA. As part of the conditional approval, Florida will have twelve months from the date of EPA's final conditional approval of the SIP revisions in which to further revise its PSD rules, as described herein, to be consistent with existing federal law.
Pursuant to section 110(k)(4) of the CAA, EPA may conditionally approve a portion of a SIP revision based on a commitment from the state to adopt specific, enforceable measures no later than twelve months from the date of final conditional approval. If the state fails to make the changes within the twelve month period, EPA will issue a finding of disapproval. EPA is not required to propose the finding of disapproval. The necessary revisions to the Florida SIP will materially alter the existing SIP-approved rule. As a result, Florida must also provide a new SIP submittal to EPA for approval that includes the rule changes. As with any SIP revision, Florida must provide an opportunity for public notice and comment, and allow for a public hearing (and any other procedures required by State law) on the proposed rule changes. If Florida timely revises its rules and submits the revised SIP submittal, EPA will process that SIP revision consistent with the CAA.
With regard to the conditional approval of the PSD program, Florida must: (1) Revise the definition of "new emissions unit" to be consistent with the federal definition or revise the definition to define what is meant by "beginning normal operation" and provide an equivalency demonstration supporting the revised definition; (2) revise the definition of "significant emissions rate" to include ozone depleting substances; (3) withdraw the request that EPA include a significant emissions rate for mercury in the Florida SIP, specifically F.A.C. 62-210.200(243)(a)2; and (4) revise the recordkeeping requirements at F.A.C. 62-212.300(3)(a)1 to require a record of the amount of emissions excluded pursuant to the projected actual emissions requirements, an explanation as to why these emissions were excluded, and any netting calculations if applicable, consistent with the federal recordkeeping requirements at 40 CFR 51.166(r)(6).
The April 4, 2008, NPR and the docket for this action provide more details about the SIP revisions being approved and the rationale for EPA's final action. For additional information on EPA's 2002 NSR Reform Rules, see 67 FR 80186 (December 31, 2002), and http://www.epa.gov/nsr. Start Printed Page 36437
Electric power plants subject to the Florida PPSA have historically been permitted by FDEP (through a federal delegation of authority from EPA) under the federal PSD program rather than the Florida SIP-approved PSD permitting program. The Florida PSD program was initially approved by EPA into the Florida SIP on December 22, 1983 (48 FR 52713). The approval transferred to FDEP the legal authority to process and issue PSD permits to sources in Florida that are required to obtain PSD permits.
One category of sources not covered by EPA's 1983 approval of Florida's PSD program was electric power plants. This was because, at the time, a separate Florida law known as the Florida PPSA, Florida Statutes Section 403.501 et seq., required permits for electric power plants to be issued solely by the Power Plant Site Certification Board under the PPSA, rather than by FDEP under Florida's PSD regulations. Such a conflict between the PPSA and Florida's PSD program created impediments to implementation and enforcement of the State's PSD program by FDEP for such power plants and precluded EPA's SIP-approval of Florida's PSD program as to these sources. As a result, for electric power plants subject to the PPSA, FDEP has been operating under either a partial or full delegation of authority to implement the federal PSD program since 1983, while various attempts to amend the PPSA to correct the conflict were made. Currently, FDEP is operating under a full delegation of authority to implement the federal PSD program for electric power plants, following further amendments to the PPSA in 1993. The 1993 PPSA amendment made clear that FDEP is the final permitting authority for PSD and new source review permits and can act in a manner different from the PPSA Siting Board if Florida's PSD or new source review regulations require such different action. The statutory amendment to the PPSA made by the Florida Legislature in 1993 forms the basis of the State's 2006 request for EPA approval to make Florida's SIP-approved State PSD program, rather than the federal PSD program, applicable to sources subject to the PPSA. In addition, during EPA's review of this request, the PPSA was again amended (on June 19, 2006), to among other things, further extricate Florida's PSD permitting process from its PPSA process. See, Florida Public Health Code 403.0872.
Following EPA review of both the 1993 and June 19, 2006, amendments to the PPSA, the Agency published a direct final rule on May 25, 2007, finding that the PPSA amendments provided FDEP the authority to fully implement and enforce Florida's PSD program for electric power plants located within the State, and we granted it full approval to implement the State's PSD program for electric power plants subject to the PPSA. 72 FR 29287 (May 25, 2007). However, because adverse comments on the direct final rule were received, EPA withdrew the rule on June 28, 2007 (72 FR 35355) and indicated that the rule would not take effect.
As is described in greater detail in the April 4, 2008, proposal, the 1993 and June 2006 Florida legislative amendments to the State's PPSA rectified past concerns that the Florida PPSA infringed on FDEP's authority to issue State PSD permits to sources subject to both the State's PSD regulations and the Florida PPSA in such a manner that SIP-approval of the State's PSD program for those sources was precluded. By proposing this SIP-approval through this new rulemaking process, and in conjunction with our proposed action on the Florida PSD program SIP revisions, we have addressed the main concerns raised by commenters in response to our May 25, 2007, direct final rule. For additional information on the concerns raised by commenters, see the April 4, 2008, proposal.
EPA is now approving Florida's February 3, 2006, request that EPA grant Florida SIP-approval to implement the State's PSD program for electric power plants subject to the PPSA. EPA is approving this specific request under section 110 of the Act because there is no longer a conflict between the State's PSD regulations and the PPSA and because FDEP now has adequate and effective procedures for full implementation of the State's PSD program for electric power plants. The April 4, 2008, NPR and the docket for this action provide more details about the approval of Florida's PSD program for electric power plants and the rationale for EPA's final action.
EPA is taking final action to conditionally approve changes to the Florida Administrative Code Chapter 62-204 entitled "Air Pollution Control—General Provisions"; Chapter 62-210 entitled "Stationary Sources—General Provisions"; and Chapter 62-212 entitled "Stationary Sources—Preconstruction Review," as submitted by the State of Florida on February 3, 2006, as revisions to the Florida SIP.
In addition to and in conjunction with the conditional approval of Florida's PSD SIP revisions, EPA is taking final action to approve Florida's concurrent February 3, 2006, request to make the State's PSD permitting program applicable to electric power plants subject to the Florida PPSA. As a result of this final action, EPA's October 26, 1993, federal delegation of PSD authority to FDEP will be withdrawn effective July 28, 2008. This final approval means that Florida's SIP-approved PSD permitting program, including the final conditional approval of the State's PSD revisions noted above, applies to electric power plants in Florida in lieu of the current federally delegated PSD program.
Under the CAA, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP submission that complies with the provisions of the Act and applicable Federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve state choices, provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. Accordingly, this action merely approves State law as meeting Federal requirements and does not impose additional requirements beyond those imposed by State law. For that reason, this action:
Is not a "significant regulatory action" subject to review by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993);
Does not impose an information collection burden under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
Is certified as not having a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
Does not have Federalism implications as specified in Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
Is not an economically significant regulatory action based on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997);
Is not a significant regulatory action subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001); Start Printed Page 36438
Is not subject to requirements of Section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent with the CAA; and
Does not provide EPA with the discretionary authority to address, as appropriate, disproportionate human health or environmental effects, using practicable and legally permissible methods, under Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
In addition, this rule does not have tribal implications as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000), because the SIP is not approved to apply in Indian country located in the State, and EPA notes that it will not impose substantial direct costs on tribal governments or preempt tribal law.
The Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, generally provides that before a rule may take effect, the agency promulgating the rule must submit a rule report, which includes a copy of the rule, to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of the United States. EPA will submit a report containing this action and other required information to the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House of Representatives, and the Comptroller General of the United States prior to publication of the rule in the Federal Register. A major rule cannot take effect until 60 days after it is published in the Federal Register. This action is not a "major rule" as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).
Under section 307(b)(1) of the CAA, petitions for judicial review of this action must be filed in the United States Court of Appeals for the appropriate circuit by August 26, 2008. Filing a petition for reconsideration by the Administrator of this final rule does not affect the finality of this action for the purposes of judicial review nor does it extend the time within which a petition for judicial review may be filed, and shall not postpone the effectiveness of such rule or action. This action may not be challenged later in proceedings to enforce its requirements. (See section 307(b)(2).)
Start List of Subjects
Reporting and recordkeeping requirements
Sulfur oxides
End List of Subjects Start Signature
Dated: June 16, 2008.
J.I. Palmer, Jr.,
Regional Administrator, Region 4.
End Signature Start Amendment Part
is amended as follows:
End Amendment Part Start Part
End Part Start Amendment Part
1. The authority citation for part 52 continues to read as follows:
End Amendment Part Start Authority
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
End Authority
Start Amendment Part
2. Section 52.519 is revised to read as follows:
End Amendment Part
§ 52.519
Identification of plan-conditional approval.
EPA is conditionally approving a revision to the Florida State Implementation Plan (SIP) consisting of revisions to Florida Administrative Code Chapters 62-210 and 62-212. Based upon a commitment from the State, Florida must (1) revise the definition of "new emissions unit" to be consistent with the federal definition or revise the definition to define what is meant by "beginning normal operation" and provide an equivalency demonstration supporting the revised definition; (2) revise the definition of "significant emissions rate" to include ozone depleting substances; (3) withdraw the request that EPA include a significant emissions rate for mercury in the Florida SIP, specifically F.A.C. 62-210.200(243)(a)2; and (4) revise the recordkeeping requirements at F.A.C. 62-212.300 to be consistent with federal requirements. If the State fails to meet its commitment by June 29, 2009, the approval is treated as a disapproval.
3. Section 52.520(c) is amended by:
End Amendment Part Start Amendment Part
a. Revising entries under Chapter 62-204 for "62-204.200," and "62-204.260," under Chapter 62-210 for "62-210.200," "62-210.300," "62-210.350"and "62-210.370," under Chapter 62-212 for "62-212.300," "62-212.400," and "62-212.500" and
b. Adding in numerical order a new entry under Chapter 62-212 for "62-212.720" to read as follows:
Identification of plan.
(c) * * *
EPA-Approved Florida Regulations
State citation
Title/subject
State effective date
EPA approval date
Chapter 62-204 Air Pollution Control—General Provisions
* * * * * * *
62-204.200 Definitions 02/12/06 06/27/08 [Insert citation of publication]
62-204.260 Prevention of Significant Deterioration Maximum Allowable Increases (PSD Increments) 02/12/06 06/27/08 [Insert citation of publication]
Chapter 62-210 Stationary Sources—General Requirements
62-210.200 Definitions 02/02/06 06/27/08 [Insert citation of publication] Except for the following definitions which are being conditionally approved: (1) "New emissions unit;" and (2) "significant emissions rate."
62-210.300 Permits Required 02/02/06 06/27/08 [Insert citation of publication]
62-210.350 Public Notice and Comment 02/02/06 06/27/08 [Insert citation of publication]
62-210.370 Emissions Computation and Reporting 02/02/06 06/27/08 [Insert citation of publication]
Chapter 62-212 Stationary Sources—Preconstruction Review
62-212.300 General Preconstruction Review Requirements 02/02/06 06/27/08 [Insert citation of publication] Except provisions at 62-212.300(3)(a)1, which are being conditionally approved.
62-212.400 Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) 02/02/06 06/27/08 [Insert citation of publication]
62-212.500 Preconstruction Review for Nonattainment Areas 02/02/06 06/27/08 [Insert citation of publication]
62-212.720 Actuals Plantwide Applicability Limits (PALs) 02/02/06 06/27/08 [Insert citation of publication]
4. Section 52.530 is amended by revising paragraph (a) to read as follows:
Significant deterioration of air quality.
(a) EPA approves the Florida Prevention of Significant Deterioration program, as incorporated into this chapter, for power plants subject to the Florida Power Plant Siting Act.
End Supplemental Information
1. Florida's regulations do not include the "reasonable possibility" language. Florida's SIP revisions require all modifications that use the actual-to-projected-actual methodology to meet the recordkeeping requirements. Thus, with regard to the reasonable possibility issue, Florida's rules are at least as stringent as the current federal rules.
[FR Doc. E8-14400 Filed 6-26-08; 8:45 am]


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CX-5 SUV
Mazda CX-5 SUV: Winter Car of the Week
The economical and practical Mazda CX-5 is a worthy Winter Car of the Week
by Russell Campbell
When the Mazda CX-5 was launched in 2012, it took many people by surprise with just how good it was. The Skoda Yeti-rivalling SUV was good to drive on road, decent off road and had the option of two excellent diesel engines. The same stands true today, and that's why we've awarded it Winter Car of the Week.
On road, the CX-5 is still one of the best SUVs to drive, which means it could be ideal for someone who wants the reassurance of four-wheel drive grip, without compromising on everyday driving fun.
Pick of the engines is the 150bhp, 2.2-litre diesel that can return an impressive 54.3mpg (even with four-wheel drive), costs just £125 annually to tax, yet can still get the big Mazda from 0-60mph in 9.4 seconds.
Watch Mat Watson's video review of the Mazda CX-5.
The CX-5 is also a practical choice with a 503-litre boot that expands to 1,620 litres with the back seats folded down. There are also plenty of cubbyholes dotted around the cabin and a big glove compartment. One point of note is that the CX-5's rear bench is really only suitable for two people due to a cramped centre seat. If you're looking for impressive rear seat space, then you're best to try out a large MPV such as the Citroen Grand C4 Picasso.
The Mazda also offers a lot of equipment, with even the basic model getting dual-zone climate control, cruise control, and automatic lights and windscreen wipers.
On top of all this, the Mazda should be extremely reliable after the company took fourth place at our Driver Power 2013 satisfaction survey, where the CX-5 came fifth out of 150 cars. The SUV should also be extremely safe thanks to a five-star Euro NCAP award.
For more information, take a look at the full Mazda range on the Carbuyer Mazda reviews page.
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100th Anniversary editions of Mazda MX-5, CX-30 and Mazda3

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Record numbers for the "Ephemeral Museum of Fashion": more than 112 thousand visitors came to see the exhibition that closed on 22 October.
It was a huge success for the exhibition, produced by the Fondazione Pitti Discovery and curated by Olivier Saillard, that launched the Palazzo Pitti's new Museo della Moda e del Costume.
October 22 marked the end of the exhibition entitled The Ephemeral Museum of Fashion that was open for just over four months and welcomed record numbers of visitors. From the day it opened – Tuesday, 13 June concurrently with the last edition of Pitti Immagine Uomo – more than 112 thousand visitors strolled through the rooms of the new Museo della Moda e del Costume to see the exhibition staged by Olivier Saillard, one of the world's leading expert in the field of contemporary fashion.
The exhibition was produced by the Fondazione Pitti Immagine Discovery in cooperation with the Gallerie degli Uffizi and Palais Galliera in Paris. It was the second episode in the three-year program of events sponsored by the Centro di Firenze per la Moda Italiana and the Gallerie degli Uffizi, made possible thanks to a special grant from the Ministry for Economic Development (Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico) and Agenzia ICE.
"This exhibition was a wonderful beginning for the new Museo della Moda e del Costume in Palazzo Pitti", said Eike Schmidt, director of the Gallerie degli Uffizi. "It was the result of very fruitful cooperation among public institutions and organizations that promote fashion such as the Centro di Firenze per la Moda Italiana and the Fondazione Pitti Discovery. This exhibition, the cooperation program we have launched, and the new exhibitions that are planned as part of the program, along with the new setups that will alternate with the exhibitions are important proof that the new Museo della Moda e del Costume is a project with national, European and global impact and one that is developing with very important results".
"Having earned widespread admiration on the part of the fashion world and reviewers, the Ephemeral Museum also achieved remarkable results in terms of visitors. It is a huge source of pride for the Fondazione Discovery as well as an additional stimulus for pursuing – and if possible – strengthening this cooperation with the Gallerie degli Uffizi for the new fashion museum in Palazzo Pitti. We will be announcing the exhibition that is scheduled to open in June 2018 very soon". Andrea Cavicchi, president of Fondazione Pitti Immagine Discovery.
"We are pleased with the public's interest in the Ephemeral Museum. It is a fact that Florence has a lot of room for a quality cultural offer in the field of fashion. We would like to thank all those who contributed to making this exhibition a success ". Lapo Cianchi, secretary general of Fondazione Pitti Discovery.
Right now, the rooms of the Museo della Moda e del Costume are bustling with the setup of the new exhibition "Tracce: Dialoghi ad arte nel Museo della Moda e del Costume", curated by Caterina Chiarelli and Simonella Condemi, with the involvement of the Galleria di Arte Moderna. The items on display will highlight the formal and cultural links between the works of designers and artists from the 1930s to the present, focusing on the different languages of the twentieth century, a period marked by major upheavals in figurative language – of which fashion is part – and in concepts of glamour and beauty.
The exhibition will open on 18 December and will run through June 2018


text:
Choosing Classic over Smartwatch, Timex Revives Its Digital '80s Watch
If it was acceptable in the '80s, it's acceptable today.
By Fabienne Lang
Timex T80 Timex
There's a saying in fashion that most styles come back around every few decades. When it comes to technology, however, that's not usually the case. Updated and novel are things that come to mind.
The watchmaker, Timex, has decided to reel it back and blend the old with an updated version. Instead of jumping on the smartwatch bandwagon, like so many other watchmakers, Timex has brought back their classic '80s digital watch.
Of course, they've added a few new features, but all in all, it's the good old digital watch we knew back in the day.
RELATED: THIS FOLDABLE SMARTWATCH DESIGN GIVES APPLE AND SAMSUNG A RUN FOR THEIR MONEY
Digital watch in the 21st century
It seems that most people are trying to coordinate all of their devices these days. A smartwatch linked to your smartphone and laptop has become the norm.
Timex T80 versions. Source: Timex
So when a watchmaker decides to revamp their iconic digital watch from three decades ago, keeping it digital and very much un-linked to any smart devices, it's newsworthy.
Timex has decided to stick to its guns and keep its watches nice and simple, and have brought back the T80. It has a primitive yet familiar black on gray seven-segment LCD display and time, date, alarm, and stopwatch functions.
Back in the day, this type of watch was all the rage and probably boast-worthy as the smartwatches of today. Now it is boast-worthy for a different reason — its retro style.
What's new about the Timex T80?
The price range is between $59 and $65, depending on the color and casing you select. You can bump the price up by $14 if you choose the special Timex X Pac-Man game-inspired version. It certainly adds to the nostalgia.
One of the Pac-Man T80 options. Source: Timex
The watch doesn't, in fact, allow you to play Pac-Man, but it has graphics surrounding the watch face.
All in all, the Timex T80 watches look great if you're a fan of retro styling and digital watches.
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The SIRT Pocket Pistol simulates subcompact pistols and comes with all the things you know and love from previous models of the SIRT. The Pocket Pistol comes with a fully adjustable trigger module and two lasers.
There are two types of Pocket Pistols available, the performer (polymer slide) and the pro model (metal slide). Unlike previous SIRTs, the magazine of the Pocket Pistol is not removable but you can pick different base plates to simulate the feel of the specific model of your real pocket gun.
SIRT is an acronym for Shot Indicating Resetting Trigger. As the name suggests, the trigger of the SIRT emulates the trigger pull of the Glock after which it is modeled, but after the the pull has been completed, the trigger "resets" as though a round was cycled.
A feature of the SIRT that makes it more interesting for dry fire training is its shot indicating laser. During the trigger pull, a red laser will light up to indicate that the trigger is "prepped." A second green laser emits when the trigger pull is completed.
This secondary beam indicates where the shot would have been placed, were it a live fire drill. The laser positioning is adjustable, and the SIRT also features a switch to engage or disengage the red trigger prep indicating laser.
The SIRT family of trainers. The Pocket pistol is in the center.
The Next Level Training Shot Indicating Resetting Trigger Training Pistol is an essential training and teaching tool. You cannot understand the full impact of this device on your life until you get one. Don't wait. The basic model is $239. It doesn't take much ammo savings to pay for one. There are a number of models for different needs.
You can get your very own SIRT HERE.
However, those who aren't deterred by the price tag will find the SIRT a useful training tool to augment live fire training exercises. The resetting trigger allows the user to "fire" the gun without having to action the slide and the shot indicating lasers provide immediate feedback for shot accuracy.
There are some great training videos at Next Level Training.


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You are here: HomeUncategorizedWhat the In-Crowd Won't Tell You About Bachelor
BY Dedmaroz Zaycy
Assessing the demands of earth at large work should be organized and operational. Social work may also involve working with populations that are marginalized or disadvantaged. It's a profession devoted Hausarbeit pdf to helping people fulfill their needs and better their lives. It offers a diverse choice of job opportunities. It's a proper career now, which demands an expertise, a level in addition to a passion to serve humankind. What people think that they know about social work is frequently a fantasy, as stated by the National Association of Social Workers (NASW). Sarah's work is merely beginning.
You never understand what your thought can trigger. So that the notion of turning into a parent becomes stigmatized. Some people who want to work for social good may find themselves attracted to jobs which are beyond the standard realm of what's deemed work or don't need one to turn into a certified social worker. There's an unprecedented demand for social workers.
Einleitung bachelorarbeit Beispiel
The Battle Over Bachelor and How to Win It
You are someone of impact. An individual with an associate degree and a great deal of experience could possibly be able to detect a position as a social worker. Any person who intends to take up social work to get a profession, as a result of his enthusiasm for humanity has to have a fundamental degree for it. The individual who has the funniest story will come across a prize.
From all of the characteristics mentioned previously, it's clear that the place of their worker needs to be powerful. Be certain to indicate which position you're applying for. Then you would like a master's degree from a university if you wish to create an application for high level positions in international organizations like Red Cross or the United Nations.
Some limited jobs are provided for those who have a bachelor's degree. Look if you're searching for a career that will allow you really earn a contribution to enhancing their lives and to work with a few of the women and men in your community. While the professions aren't well-known for being the top they're a few of the most rewarding professions in which workers can actually feel the ramifications of the work. If you're searching for a career with plenty of alternatives job satisfaction and meaning consider function.
If you're considering getting a bachelor's degree on-line program there have to be some reason why frequent classes aren't for you. The first step is a bachelor's degree. A bachelor's in social work degree might be a fantastic launching point for a large choice of professions in the specialty. The BSW degree is just. In years ago a high school diploma might get you an interview with the vast majority of social work agencies. As an example in Scotland, an overall degree takes three decades while an honours degree takes four decades. Should you pursue the level in social work, you'll have a comprehension of the way the social services system operates the way the environment affects human behavior and the way to take care of the vulnerable in society.
The Start of Bachelor
To broaden their understanding of certain topics from the area of Economics, students may attend a variety of courses in Mannheim and Heidelberg. According to the coverage of their home faculty, they may be asked to become acquainted with at least one foreign language. Transportation is utilized by many students. The universities here offer you diverse array of topics and place a center that is wonderful on research. They may require minimum eight subjects related to the social sciences in the studies.
Using Bachelor
A social worker or a expert worker ought to be well qualified. Prospective social workers may benefit from the broad selection of resources, job boards and other information that can be found regarding the area and its career possibilities. School social workers make a median salary of 71,000 each year. They are often the primary source of advice and assistance during times of crisis. Bachelor's level social workers can pick from a selection of rewarding careers.
Whispered Bachelor Secrets
Social workers are those who care about people, who wish to produce things better, who wish to alleviate suffering and who need to do some good on the planet. Medical social workers take care of all of the extra problems patients may have. As a result, if you would like to be a social worker, you own a number of choices out there for you. Social workers play a crucial part in society as they try to restore or enhance the social performance of individuals and communities. A social worker or maybe a expert worker has to be effectively certified.


Nearly a century ago, Goodyear® built the first aircraft tire. It was just the beginning of greater things to come.
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Their overall vision for the future is reflected in the goals they have set forth in their Aviation Division. From experimental aircraft to military flight operations and spacecraft, this industry is growing and changing at an unbelievable pace. In order to meet the new demands of GoodYear's customers, they have committed resources to stay on the leading edge of technology.
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Vocalists LP Doris
Did You Give The World Some Love Today Baby
LP (Item 1771) EMI/Mr Bongo (UK), 1970 — Condition: New Copy
(reissue)
EMI (label)
Mr Bongo (label)
One of the grooviest albums ever recorded – a set that's funky, offbeat, and has way more to offer than most American album of the time! Swedish singer Doris really knocked it out of the park with this one – working with arranger Bert Egerbladh, who gives the set some nicely unusual grooves, often augmented by his own work on organ! The album is famous amongst the break crowd for the track "You Never Come Closer", which has a deep groove and weird fuzzy piano that's been sampled by more than a few folks over the years – but over and above that, the record's an excellent batch of off-beat pop tunes – and it feels like some of the nuttier work that came out on Capitol Records during the late 70s, as evidenced by the Blue Juice/Blue Breaks love of the record in the past decade or two. Tracks include "Did You Give The World Some Love Today Baby", "I'm Pushing You Out", "Beatmaker", "Don't", "Waiting At The Station", "Bath", "You Never Come Closer", and "I Wish I Knew". © 1996-2022, Dusty Groove, Inc.
Love For Sale (180 gram pressing)
Geffen, 2021. New Copy Gatefold
Great work from a surprisingly durable pairing – one that maybe seemed to be something of an accident at first, but which has gone on to redefine the recent careers of Tony Bennett and Lady Gaga! The duo are in as fine form here as on their previous record – swinging with a very old ... LP, Vinyl record album
Y'All Don't Really Care About Black Women
Verve, 2021. New Copy Gatefold
LP...$22.99 24.99 (CD...$13.99)
A pretty striking album from vocalist Melanie Charles – a set that's even more musically dynamic than you might guess from its title! Charles is a singer who can take things straight, but also change them up with some really inventive arrangements – which you'll hear on a few of the ... LP, Vinyl record album
Lorez Alexandria
Band Swings Lorez Sings
King, Late 50s. New Copy (reissue)
LP...$9.99 12.98
Early greatness from Lorez Alexandria – and proof that she was a singer who could handle a tune like nobody else! At one level, the set appears to be a simple batch of standards, given a slight jazz twist – but as usual for the great one, Lorez manages to inflect each and every note ... LP, Vinyl record album
Lorez Sings Pres – A Tribute To Lester Young
A classic album from one of our favorite jazz singers ever – a set that really set a whole new standard for a generation! Even at this early stage, Lorez Alexandria was an amazingly accomplished vocalist – as you'll hear on this excellent selection of tunes from the Lester Young ... LP, Vinyl record album
Blue Note, 2021. New Copy
A record that shares the same cover and title with the CD version of Still Rising, but one that offers up a slightly different take on the material – more of a distillation of the other compilation, to focus only on the new material created for the set by jazz singer Gregory Porter! The core ... LP, Vinyl record album
Nancy Sinatra – Start Walkin 1965 to 1976
Light In The Attic, Late 60s/Early 70s. New Copy 2LP Gatefold
Maybe the grooviest collection of work we've ever seen from the lovely Nancy Sinatra – a set that features some of her hits, but also includes a lot more material that's much more obscure – and which shows that Nancy was a hell of a song stylist, far from the charts! The core of the ... LP, Vinyl record album
Edition, 2021. New Copy
A really different album than usual from the great Kurt Elling – a set that's got a vibe that's nice and lean, and even sometimes a bit funky – quite a change from some of the fuller arrangements used on some of Elling's albums of the past decade or so! A big part of the credit here ... LP, Vinyl record album
Mieko Hirota with Billy Taylor
Newyork No Miko/Miko In New York (2021 Japan Record Day Release)
Columbia (Japan), 1966. New Copy Gatefold (reissue)
A very groovy session from Japanese singer Miko – recording here in the US with hip grooves from the Billy Taylor Trio! The style is almost even cooler than some of Billy's own records of the time – as the rhythms are open and flowing, which makes for a really sparkling feel to the set ... LP, Vinyl record album
Nina Simone/Chris Connor/Carmen McRae
Nina Simone & Her Friends – An Intimate Variety Of Vocal Charm (180 gram emerald green vinyl pressing)
Bethlehem, 1960. New Copy (reissue)
A classic collection of work from Bethlehem Records – a package that brings together some of their strongest jazz singers of the time, under a cover image that's similar to the first album by Nina Simone! The difference here is that the record features a killer non-LP track by Nina – ... LP, Vinyl record album
Troupeau Bleu
Trad Vibe (France), 1975. New Copy (reissue)
A legendary bit of funky fusion from the French scene of the 70s – the standout set from Cortex, a combo who's very heavy on the keyboards! The tunes have a feel that's quite different than American electric work of the time – funky, but also a bit breezy too – with a strong ... LP, Vinyl record album
French Disco Boogie Sounds – 1975 to 1984 – Selected By Charles Maurice
Favorite (France), Late 70s/Early 80s. New Copy 2LP Gatefold
That's a mighty sexy cover on the front – and the grooves inside definitely have the flavor to match! The work here is from the obscure French disco underground – a European scene that never got the same exposure as German or Italian work for clubs – which makes the whole package ... LP, Vinyl record album
Harlem Pop Trotters
Harlem Pop Trotters (180 gram colored vinyl pressing)
Kif/Underdog (France), 1975. New Copy (reissue)
A massive bit of funk – and from 70s France, no less! These guys clearly come from a jazz-based background – and have absorbed some of the best electric influences of their time – working in a keyboard-heavy mode that's clearly inspired by Herbie Hancock, Joe Zawinul, and George ... LP, Vinyl record album


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essential oil juul
Essential oils are aromatic compounds extracted from plants. Essentials oils are different and a lot of them don't do well under extremely high temperatures. Essential oil vape pens are very new, and there isn't any research available on vaping essential oils specifically. Between 10 and 12 percent reported both … 4.6 out of 5 stars 291. 1-16 of 177 results for "juul refill" BSTEAN Syringe Blunt Tip Needles Caps Refilling and Measuring E-Juice, E-Liquids, E-cigs, Adhesives, Vape, Oil or Glue Applicator (Pack of 20) 4.6 out of 5 stars 801 Diffuser sticks, also called personal diffusers, are aromatherapy vape pens. A 2017 survey conducted by the Schroeder Institute at Truth Initiative found that 25 percent of teens aged 15 to 17 and 29 percent of young adults aged 18 to 24 recognized a Juul device. Want to Break Your Nicotine Addiction? Welcome to our THC vape oil shop, home of the best, lab tested THC vape pens and THC vape juice in the market. New research shows that people with mood or anxiety disorders, who are more likely to smoke, see improved symptoms after kicking the habit. Is there a difference between vaping and Juuling? Nicotine salts allow for absorption of nicotine. Look inside the piece you removed. 3) Natural Oils: These natural oils presumably change depending on which flavor your pod contains. One study found that e-cigarette exposure narrows arteries by 30 percent and decreases the blood vessels' ability to widen. (1) If the ban goes through, convenience stores and gas stations will no longer be able to legally sell flavored e-cigarettes in the U.S. Even essential oils that are generally considered safe for inhalation have the potential to change and become toxic when heated for vaping. Calm CBD Pods for Juul. Copyright © 2016 BestPureEssentialOils.com. As a novel technology, the scientific evidence for e-cigarettes as an aid to quit smoking is mixed. They use a combination of essential oils, water, and vegetable glycerin that, when heated, creates a cloud of aromatherapy vapor. Some have looked into using essential oils or CBD to stop cravings. Today, millions of consumers regularly use "electronic nicotine delivery systems" (ENDS), especially electronic cigarettes (also called e-cigarettes). According to our "wonderfully accurate" friends at Wikipedia; "An essential oil is a concentrated hydrophobic liquid containing volatile (defined as "the tendency of a substance to vaporize") aroma compounds from plants. Unfortunately, these flavors change chemistry when combined with vape fluid and are capable of creating undisclosed chemicals. There's no research available on vaping essential oils, and personal diffusers haven't been around long enough to know what the long-term effects may be. Curb Your Cravings Inhaler Recipe. (10) That being said, certain health authorities feel that nicotine use via Juuling/vaping does not increase the risk for suffering from a heart attack. There's limited evidence that they're an effective tool for helping smokers quit. Higher Risk for Cardiovascular Disease. Juul is now considered a leader in the e-cigarette market, with roughly 45.7 percent of e-cigarette market unit shares, according to a 2018 Wells Fargo Equity report. Vaping with essential oils is slightly different from other vaping methods. (14) Recent research showed an increase in markers of inflammation, mucus production and altered lung function in people using e-cigarettes containing propylene, propylene plus nicotine and flavoring groups for three days. Although vaping devices were created to inhale nicotine, these devices and cartridges can be used to heat many substances, including cannabis-based oils. Recover, Focus, Awake, Etc Just pick a blend, breathe, and go. I recommend keeping a dedicated tank for essential oils, since the scent and flavor tends … (8), Experts also believe that young e-cigarette users face an increased risk for both starting to smoke and becoming long-term users of cigarettes and/or other combustible tobacco products. 4 drops juniper berry essential oil. But unlike e-cigarettes and vaporizers, they…, On Thursday, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) unveiled its much-anticipated new plan to fight underage tobacco use, targeting electronic…. In this case, you should be taking a shallow draw. Vaporizers can be used to vape both herbs and essential oils. (9), 2. How much nicotine does a Juul contain, and how does this compare to other e-cigarettes? KININ Wellness Pods Catalog - Shop our Essential Oil Pods and either one-time purchase or subscribe with auto-ship. a regulated temperature control. Established in 2013, we have slowly grown our online cannabis presence culminating it with a website and social media accounts. Anyone who's considering vaping should be aware of the potential dangers. (13) In fact, research conducted at the Yale University School of Medicine found that teenagers preferred sweet-flavored e-cigarettes that didn't contain nicotine over e-cigs with nicotine but no sweetness. Last medically reviewed on June 18, 2019. Juul devices deliver similar amounts of nicotines as cigarettes and can still be additive, despite some groups saying they are safer than cigarettes. Although JUUL doesn't sell pods that contain THC, there are ways to hack the pods in … Some report that the nicotine delivered from Juuls feels "less harsh" on the throat and in the lungs compared to the nicotine from cigarettes, making the experience more pleasant, including among sensitive or new users. JUUL pods also include propylene glycol, glycerine, and benzoic acid. Together with temperature-regulated vapor technology, this proprietary chemistry enables JUUL to deliver a … They're inhaled or diluted and applied to the skin to treat a number of ailments. The science behind what smoking such oils does to our body, however, remains uncertain. Don't Turn to E-Cigs, How the New FDA E-Cig Rules Could Affect You, New Type of E-Cig as Bad as Regular Cigarette for Your Lungs, FDA Puts Restrictions on E-Cigs and Aims to Ban Menthol Cigs, Quitting Smoking May Improve Your Mental Health, Surgeon General Links Cigarettes to More Serious Health Problems. JUUL compatible nicotine pods are generally cheaper, contain a bit more e-liquid and offer more flavor options and oftentimes more nicotine compared to the original JUUL pods. Juuls contain nicotine, a stimulant that can increase heart rate and raise blood pressure. Though the results of some studies suggest that this is the case, more evidence exists to the contrary. They cause nicotine to reach the lungs, affect the brain and can potentially increase the risk for nicotine addiction. Once you've figured out the optimal settings for vaping your favorite essential oil you should be good to go throughout the day. The look and ease of use of Juuls is also part of what makes them appealing. © 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. Juuling is a type of vaping, another way to describe the use of e-cigarettes that causes a nicotine solution to turn into an inhalable mist. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Juuls might not contain tobacco, but they deliver nicotine as efficiently as a combustible product (for instance, a cigarette). All rights reserved. KININ Eco is the world's first rechargeable, reusable personal essential oil diffuser. She also pointed out that a person can develop an allergy at any time. Neither e-cigarettes nor essential oil vaping pens are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a smoking cessation aid. Vaping is often advertised as an effective way to quit smoking. Most pods contain the same amount of nicotine as a pack of cigarettes. Learn about the most common foot problems for runners, why they occur, how to identify them, and how to treat and prevent them. Each nicotine cartridge inserted into the Juul (called a pod) gives about 200 puffs, providing about as much nicotine as a pack of cigarettes, according to the product's website. E-cigarettes like Juuls contain heated nicotine extracted from tobacco, but they don't contain tobacco itself. In November 2018, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced its plans to ban the sale of flavored e-cigarettes, including Juuls, as early as late 2018. While the vast majority of adults can't identify a Juul and report never trying one, the same can't be said about most teens. And according to some study findings, there is reason to believe that e-cigarette use causes as much or more damage as conventional cigarettes. But there's still concern that teens are using e-cigarettes and Juuls in growing numbers. Our goal is to reach everybody in need of Lab Tested Cannabis Oil and Vape Cartridges. Includes Multiple Atomizer Types This vape pen comes with a 1100 mAh battery, stainless steel or rubberized finish, and a 1.2ml tank. The Multi-Vape is an affordable 4-in-1 multi-purpose vape pen for use with e-liquids, medicated oils, wax concentrates and dry herb. It works on the same principle as vaping herb with your vaporizers: the vaporizer heats the oil just enough to create a … Chiarito and most experts agree that while nicotine is less safe to vape due to its addictive potential, vaping in general isn't safe. We simplified it with the personal and portable aromatherapy diffuser. They feature a small, slim, high-tech design and use nicotine cartridges, or "Juul pods," that come in a variety of flavors. Juuls contain a unique chemical composition compared to other vaping devices. A Juul is a type of e-cigarette (electronic cigarette) that features the shape of a small USB drive. Steam distillation is the most common process for extracting plant oils, but heavier materials, such as citrus peels, are cold-pressed. With matching multi-color 510 Thread cartridge all in a beautiful glossy carrying case with compartments for vape tank, vape battery, and USB charger. The estimates show that more than 3.5 million minors vaped at least once in 2018. Recent research shows that vaping may modify genetic material/DNA in the oral cells of users. Juul is small and discreet. Juuling is a type of vaping. Aortic stiffness is considered an early warning sign of cardiac and vascular-related diseases, such as atherosclerosis, stroke and aneurysm. Asked if vaping essential oils is safe, Chiarito warned that, "Essential oils are a volatile organic compound (VOC) that when heated over 150 to 180° Fahrenheit can convert to abnormal compounds that can be damaging to our lungs, mouth, teeth, and nose on contact with the burning compound.". According to a 2018 report published by the American Physiological Society (APS), these chemical components seem to be capable of becoming embedded in the lungs, causing inflammation and leaving the lungs vulnerable to infection. 5 drops orange essential oil . Others go to more extreme lengths, tossing their Juul into the ocean , out car windows , and into dumpsters. Essential oils don't need to be vaped as often as nicotine e-juice or CBD. The researchers believe this may increase the risk of developing into cancer. If you don't yet know much about e-cigarettes, you're probably wondering, "What is a Juul vape, and what does Juuling mean?", A Juul is a type of e-cigarette (short for electronic cigarette). The FDA's decision will be based on whether or not several e-cigarette manufacturers can prove that they are capable of keeping their products away from minors. In the U.S., an estimated 98 percent of all tobacco-related deaths are caused by cigarette smoking. Increased levels of DNA-damaging compounds, including formaldehyde, acrolein and methylglyoxal, turned up in the saliva after vaping. Juul devices come with a preset five percent nicotine content, similar to the amount found in cigarettes. The FDA's move comes on the heels of some startling new statistics: e-cigarette use among high-school and middle-school kids rose from 77 percent and 50 percent, respectively, from 2017 to 2018. Makers of these products claim that you can reap all the benefits of aromatherapy by vaping essential oils, but should you do it? What we do know is that evidence suggests they aren't totally harmless, especially when used by teens or young adults or for long periods of time. Amid all the controversy regarding their safety, some people looking for a healthier alternative have started vaping essential oils. Chiarito is a family physician in Vicksburg, Mississippi, and a member of the American Academy of Family Physicians' Commission on Health of the Public and Science, where she's actively involved in tobacco policy development and cessation advocacy. This is an excellent option for those looking for multiple vape pen uses without having to dole out multiple wads of cash. Portland Press Herald/Getty Developed by two former smokers, Juul's mission is to "improve the lives of 1 billion adult smokers by eliminating cigarettes." Helps reduce sugar cravings Because the 1100 mAh battery can reach up to 22 watts, you can easily vaporize oils of any consistency. Juuls can be purchased at gas stations, convenience stores and smoke shops. Some studies have reported that e-cigarettes are…. The JUUL device was designed specifically for smokers, so the pods contain high levels of nic salt, a special type of nicotine that tends to be smoother on the throat. Products for vaping essential oils are still very new. (8). The post What Juuling Does to Your Body (It's Not Pretty) appeared first on Dr. Axe. Juul e-cigarettes, apparently created to help adult smokers quit smoking more easily, are now the most popular "vaping device" among teens and young adults. There's evidence that many of these substances have some level of health risk. Discover vitamins, supplements, and other natural remedies for perimenopause. I have been seeing these Essential Oil Vaporizers all over and have been wanting to try them out myself! There should be a nicotine … With regular e-liquids you are often trying to take a large draw and fill your lungs. The first step is getting the plastic mouthpiece off the clear pod. In September 2019, federal and state health authorities began investigating an outbreak of a severe lung disease associated with e-cigarettes and other vaping products. We asked Dr. Susan Chiarito to weigh in on the risks and benefits of vaping essential oils. Find Vaporizers coupons, promotions and product reviews on Walgreens.com. The amount of nicotine in e-cigarettes can vary. How to Vape with Essential Oils. 4 drops fir essential oil. According to the National Cancer Institute, it's "a device that has the shape of a cigarette, cigar or pen and does not contain tobacco. $19.98 $ 19. Fifty years after first surgeon general's report on tobacco and cancer, new evidence points to the overall effects of smoking on the body. (5). Compared with people who don't vape, four of the five e-cigarette users showed signs of increased DNA damage. Fortunately, recent studies suggest that even though e-cigarettes continue to represent an increasing share of the tobacco market, smoking rates among both adults and children continue to decline in countries, including the U.S and U.K. (15). The top-filling chamber has a big opening which makes it easy to refill, whether you're vaping thick oils or thin. Even without nicotine, e-cigarettes and diffuser sticks may contain other potentially dangerous substances. (12) In one study run by the Masonic Cancer Center at the University of Minnesota, researchers recruited five e-cigarette users and collected saliva samples before and after a 15-minute vaping session to analyze them for chemicals that are known to damage DNA. JUUL pods contain nicotine in two different strengths: 3% or 5%. Step 2: Remove Nicotine-Soaked Cotton Pads Whether or not future research shows that Juuling is favorable compared to smoking cigarettes, dangers of Juuling still include: 1. Vitamins certainly can be beneficial, but there's no evidence that vaping vitamins has any benefits. If you have tooth damage, it can make your teeth very sensitive to things like sugar, hot, and cold foods. Consumption & Addiction Among Teens/Young Adults, In May 2016, the FDA banned the sale of vaping products to children under 18 years old. However, it's not clear how much e-cigs have been part of the solution, as experts give much more credit to recent smoke-free policies and rising prices of tobacco products. Vaping is the use of e-cigarettes to mist a nicotine solution so it can be inhaled. Once the extraction process is complete, what remains is a concentrated plant oil that contains the healing aromatic compounds of that specific plant. Calm Pods come in a variety of strengths. We're closely monitoring the situation and will update our content as soon as more information is available. nicotine, a stimulant that can increase heart rate and raise blood pressure. 98 ($19.98/Count) $5.00 coupon applied at checkout Save $5.00 with coupon. Helps increase satiety and curb food cravings. Essential oils can still trigger an allergic reaction, though, said Chiarito. Overall, the survey found that young adults aged 18 to 24, especially males, were most likely to recognize and use Juuls regularly. Homasy 450ml Essential Oil Diffuser, Upgraded Larger Capacity Oil Diffuser with Large Mist Output, Quiet Aroma Diffuser with Auto Shut-off Function and 4 Timers, 10 Hours, BPA-Free for Home Office. Татищева, дом 15, корпус 1 Ежедневно с 10-00 до 22-00 Many vitamins must be absorbed through the digestive tract to work, and absorbing them through the lungs may have more problems than benefits. Government authorities can also implement policies and public health measures known to prevent the initiation and use of all tobacco products. Since 2017, two years after first release, sales of Juul kits increased 680 percent; sales of refills increased 710 percent. Starting Materials Step 1: Take Off Plastic Cap Between 10 and 12 percent reported both recognizing and having ever used a JUUL, and 8 to 10 percent reported recognition and past 30-day use. The organization's argument is that combustible tobacco products, primarily cigarettes, are the single greatest cause of cancer that we know, responsible for the deaths of about 7 million people worldwide each year. Dangers of Juul devices include: increased use among teens and young adults, potentially contributing to brain development problems, increasing risk for cardiovascular problems, causing DNA damage and causing lung and respiratory problems. Essential oil vape pens are very new, and there isn't any research available on vaping essential oils specifically. 4 drops cinnamon essential oil. While most people use them for herbs, vaping oils can prove equally, if not more beneficial. Studies show these chemicals can wreak havoc on the respiratory system and contribute to health problems like bronchiolitis, severe respiratory illness and irritation to the eyes, skin, mucus membranes and lungs. Yesterday, the Food and Drug Administration announced the release of their draft compliance policy, a regulatory proposal for certain tobacco products, A new type of tobacco product called "heat-not-burn" are the most novel iteration of electronic smoking. Juul Labs first released Juuls in 2015, stating that the company's mission was to "eliminate cigarettes and help the more than one billion smokers worldwide switch to a better alternative." (4) But while Juuls may be intended to serve as part of a "harm reduction strategy" — a public health strategy that intends to reduce the negative effects of addictive substances, including nicotine/tobacco — there's evidence that Juuls may be doing more harm than good. (11) Additionally, vaping/Juuling can stiffen the aorta, the main artery in the body that supplies oxygenated blood to the circulatory system. Essential oils are plant compounds extracted from bark, flowers, leaves, roots, stems, seeds, or fruit. 100% natural wellness. Like with other substances in vaping liquids, heating them could create chemicals that weren't there originally. "The oils, so those butane hash oils and the dabbing, because they are such a high concentration of THC, of course it's bound to get more into your blood faster," Earleywine says. For instance, the menthol Juul pod would obviously contain menthol oil. Eco uses pods of our popular essential oil blends that snap in magnetically. E-cigarette aerosol often contains flavoring chemicals that have been linked to lung disease, metals like lead, and other cancer-causing agents. 3 drops bergamot essential oil. Our e-liquid contains a proprietary formulation that combines nicotine, benzoic acid, propylene glycol, glycerine, and flavor. In order to create unique vaping flavors, manufacturers use flavoring compounds such as diacetyl, acetoin and 2,3-pentanedione. Experts on the dangers of nicotine tell us: "It is not yet known whether electronic cigarettes are safe or if they can be used to help smokers quit smoking." There's still debate over whether Juul devices and other similar products offer more benefits to smokers than they cause harm. A Juul looks just like a USB stick and is small enough to hide from parents and teachers. If you are someone who uses a Juul, another vaping device or who smokes cigarettes, these tips can offer help when it comes to quitting: Authorities like the FDA can also help stop the use of Juuls/vaping products by making efforts to reduce the toxicity, addictiveness and appeal of tobacco products currently on the market. PAX Labs claims that Juul products provide a nicotine concentration that is comparable with a traditional cigarette, plus they can deliver nicotine 1.25 to 2.7 times faster than competing vaping products. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. It uses a battery and contains a solution of nicotine, flavorings and other chemicals, some of which may be harmful. Buy Vaporizers online and view local Walgreens inventory. It contains nicotine but does not contain tobacco. JUUL products deliver an exceptional nicotine experience designed for adult smokers looking for an alternative to traditional cigarettes. BEE-MASTER Vape Pen for Essential Oil The Bee-Master Vaporizer kit is just one of many oil vape pen products offered by HoneyStick. Beat the Binge Inhaler Recipe. 2 drops peppermint essential oil. How does it compare to vaping with nicotine? You can purchase 50 mg pods, … г. Москва, ул. CBD JUUL compatible vape pods easily snap into your JUUL device, and from there, you can enjoy the perfect amount of vapor per puff. According to Chiarito, the side effects of vaping essential oils depend on the oil used, and may include: The long-term effects of vaping aren't fully understood. Aromatherapy used to be messy and complicated. ... Natural oils; Extracts; Benzoic acid is what's known as a volatile organic compound (VOC) and has some serious side effects. The hope is that buying the the products online will become much more difficult, too. Juuling is considered a type of vaping. Studies suggest that Juul devices and "vaping" can lead to problems with brain development, lung damage, increased risk for high blood pressure and increased risk for nicotine/smoking addiction. As there's currently no research available on the effects of vaping essential oils, avoiding vaping any essential oil is your best bet. Designed for adult smokers. Surveys show that it's the flavors of Juuls and similar vaping products that draw young users in. Vaping too heavily on a very potent essential oil can irritate the throat and lungs. Why would The American Cancer Society encourage the use of vaping devices? So is Juuling bad for you, or is it a safer alternative for smokers and a helpful companion in the battle to quit? Join 40,000+ Worldwide Experience More From Essential Oils & The World's Super-Plants. Chiarito believes long-term use could cause symptoms similar to any other type of inhaled product in the lungs, including worsening asthma, chronic bronchitis, frequent lung infections, and immune changes from frequent infections. Essential oil vape pens don't contain nicotine, but even vaping without nicotine can be risky. Vaping is the act of inhaling and exhaling the vapor from a vape pen or e-cigarette, which are two terms used to describe electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). While people heat essential oils in diffusers at home for aromatherapy and to add fragrance to their surroundings, they're not heated to a high enough temperature to cause problems. The safety and long-term health effects of using e-cigarettes or other vaping products still aren't well known. The JUUL Device is a vaporizer that has no buttons or switches, and uses. (Sale) Cbd Topical Oil For Pain | Melanomaunit , Cbd Clinic Cream Amazon Juul Thc Hybrid Oils. It uses a battery and contains a solution of nicotine, flavorings, and other chemicals, some of which may be harmful." (2). All rights reserved, American Lung Association's Freedom From Smoking program, What Juuling Does to Your Body (It's Not Pretty), Kis Oils Eucalyptus Lemon Essential Oil India, Plant Guru Stress Relief Synergy Blend Essential Oil, Kis Oils Chamomile German Essential Oil Nepal. If you live with breathing difficulties, a lung cleanse may help. Until enough research is done on what chemicals are created when essential oils are heated for vaping and how they affect your health, you're better off limiting your use of essential oils to aromatherapy in home diffusers, spritzers, and bath and body products. For example, the ACS recommends establishing "appropriate taxation, retail policies (for example, raising the minimum age of purchase to 21), tobacco and e-cigarette aerosol-free policies and funding of evidence-based prevention and cessation programs.". No nicotine, artificial ingredients, or tobacco. Füm™ is an all-natural wood essential oil aromatherapy inhaler that enables you to utilize essential oils for congestion, exercise, anxiety, nicotine cessation or just enjoyment. 2 drops clary sage essential oil . Juul Labs, Inc. Juuls do not omit vapor into the air, so they are easy to use in public without anyone knowing. In 2003, the first commercially successful electronic cigarette debuted in China. It's also a risk factor for developing heart disease. JUULpods contain our uniquely satisfying JUUL e-liquid. In the ACS's defense, they also recommend that "clinicians support all attempts to quit the use of combustible tobacco and work with smokers to eventually stop using ANY tobacco product, including e-cigarettes … the ACS strongly recommends that every effort be made to prevent the initiation of e-cigarettes by youth.", Fortunately, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released news in November 2018 that cigarette use among American adults is at a record low. Free shipping at $35. Manufacturer: Pax Labs Active Ingredient(s): glycerol, propylene glycol, nicotine, benzoic acid, flavor Description: Juul vaporizers (otherwise known as vapes or e-cigarettes) are battery-operated devices marketed as a safer, more convenient and pleasant alternative to traditional cigarettes. Debra Rose Wilson, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., IBCLC, AHN-BC, CHT, Essential oils vs. essential oil vape pens. 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essential oil juul 2021


To consult a statistician after an experiment is finished is often merely to ask him to conduct a post-mortem examination. He can perhaps say what the experiment died of." (R. A. Fisher, 1938).
So true. That's why someday I'll find the time to get a second degree, in Stats.
Pingback: embora eu não seja estatística, adorei! « Ainda não vi tudo!


Modified dry building mix ТМ MASTER. KRISTAL designed for facing surfaces of walls and floors that are deformed or subjected to a periodic deformation, building basements, and staircases inside and outside the premises with ceramic tiles, tiles from natural and artificial marble, pressed boards, mosaic coverings from marble, white stone and glass. Recommended for use in work by tile-by-tile method.
Perform the work at air and surface base temperature of +50С to +400С. During the work eliminate the possibility of precipitation.
Add pure water to the dry mixture in an amount indicated in specifications, then mix it (use electric drills with screw socket). Leave closed mix for 5 minutes, and then stir again. The closed mix is suitable for use within 180 minutes (at recommended atmospheric conditions). At high temperatures, periodically stir the closed mix to avoid reducing its mobility.
For the best adhesion with the base, uniformly apply the first thin layer of the dissolved mix TM MASTER. KRISTAL to the base using the even side of the notched trowel, then apply the prepared mix by the notched side. Trowel notches must match the size of the tiles as per the table.
For outdoor use and for tiles with profiled back side we strongly recommended applying additional mix TM MASTER. KRISTAL with a thin layer (1-2 mm) directly on tiles.


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Stuart G. Dickinson and WFG Investments for Selling Away Practices
According to a disciplinary proceeding by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA), Stuart G. Dickinson, a broker with WFG Investments, sold limited partnership interests in ATMA, LP, a private placement securities offering that offered investors the opportunity to acquire an income stream derived from the acquisition and operation of automated teller machines (ATMs) to seven customers. He is accused of not conducting due diligence on ATMA, and as a result, his seven customers suffered a total loss of over $1 million dollars, when the underlying business scheme of the offering was a fraud. The ATMs were fictional. Private placement sales are often referred to as "selling away" and are when an advisor sells a security not offered by his brokerage firm. Selling Away is against rules and regulations in the securities industry. Investment firms can be sued if their brokers sell away.
Dickinson was registered with GEO Securities from May 1982 until October 1982, Merill Lynch in New York, New York from January 1987 until April 1992, Bear, Stearns & Co in New York from April 1992 until May 2005, Linsco/Private Ledger in Boston, Massachusetts from June 2005 until November 2005 and WFG Investments in Highland Park, Texas from October 2005 until September 2013. He has two customer disputes against him. He is not licensed within the industry.
If you invested money with Stuart G. Dickinson, please call our securities law firm at 312-332-4200 to speak to an attorney. His former firm, WFG Investments, may be held responsible for investment losses because they did not properly supervise him while he was employed there. The call is free with no obligation. We sue firms such as WFG Investments in the FINRA arbitration forum to recover money for investors.


Abstract: A detailed parametric analysis is carried out concerning the optimum sizing of a stand-alone wind-power system, used to ensure the electricity supply of several remote consumers. This study initially analyzes the impact of the available wind-potential quality on the dimensions of the main system's components. Accordingly, the influence of the specific wind-power curve--utilized on the proposed configuration sizing--is also examined. In addition, the system's minimum acceptable reliability contribution is investigated for determining the minimum cost stand-alone system dimensions. Finally, the consumer size effect is taken into consideration during the best choice selection process. Thus, by incorporating the proposed parametric analysis results in an appropriate decision-taking procedure, a significant reduction of the system dimensions may be realized, leading to a remarkably diminished first installation cost.