That's were it gets sticky and controversial, i.e. interpreting the Constitution's intent.
Well, see my previous post. We know how James Madison interpreted the First Amendment, and he wrote it.
(Buzsaw:) You've got that wrong, Otto.
Actually, Buz, it seems that you and I are simply placing primary focus on different clauses of the First Amendment. I'm focusing on the first clause (Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, ...), while you are focusing on the second one (... or prohibiting the free exercise thereof).
Now, I realize it would be nit-picky and pedantic to point out that the first clause is in fact "primary" in at least one sense of that word (and personally, I consider that clause to be the more important one), but I have no problem with treating both clauses as equally important. Do you have a problem with that?
Bottom line: As we the people of the Republic (majority) become more secular, the intent of our Christian oriented founders becomes less relevant.
This process started back with The Enlightenment, which the founding fathers studied and emulated. They passed on the legacy of The Enlightenment, not the legacy of the Dark Ages.
That means we don't need, after thousands of years, or hundreds of thousands of years, to kowtow to the various shamans for fear of being burned at the stake, the Inquisition, or the like.
And the intent of our secular oriented founders becomes more relevant.
Which includes most of them, whether of personal christian orientation or not.
Thanks for the clarification. As I mentioned later in the post you quoted, laws that concur with religious doctrine could be passed, given rational motivation. But as you point out (and as demonstrated by things like "blue laws" -- no commerce/liquor sales on Sundays, etc), such laws can be passed and enforced without regard to objectivity, so long as they don't explicitly invoke or assert their religious basis, so I stand corrected.
In that circumstance, such a law can (and generally will) be repealed when a majority of voters or their representatives take action to do so (in the event that they come to see it as a bad law having no merit), or when some alternate religious group challenges it (in the event that it interferes with the practice of that other religion).
It may be that the sort of legal precedent I would hope for hasn't happened yet (but maybe some legal scholar will make my day): that laws like criminalizing abortion or halting stem cell research, if enacted, could be struck down on the grounds that they have no motivation at all outside of a specific religious doctrine, and thereby serve to establish that religion, in violation of the First Amendment.
However, obviously the majority of signers on to the admendment thought otherwise. Else why would they have allowed exercise within government, not considering that to be establishiing religion by law?
Embolding mine to emphasise make no law........prohibiting the free exercise thereof. Thus there was no law restricting free exercise of religion, no matter where.
Again, it would take an establishment law for that to ever happen. That's why it didn't happen when exercise of religion was within government facilities. No law established anything by them doing that. Along came representatives who decided that that was not good policy and they discontinued it.
If however, the majority of the people's reps decide that we should go back to more exercise within government and the courts didn't overturn, no law of Congress can stop them from doing it as per the amendment.
Er ... because they might have been idiots?
The fact is that the guy who wrote the First Amendment thought that it excluded the chaplainship to Congress. If we want to know what the Framers thought, we know what James Madison thought, and he wrote the Bill of Rights.
So enough of your equivocation about how we don't know what the Framers thought. We know for certain that the guy who wrote the First Amendment thought that Congress having a chaplain was a breach of the Constitution.
You might argue that it is in fact a good idea for Congress to have a chaplain, but let's have no more of your mealy-mouthed equivocation about how difficult it is to find out what the Framers thought. We know what James Madison thought. He thought that you were wrong. Utterly, hopelessly wrong.
Now if you want to stand up and say that the First Amendment should be interpreted, not according to the meaning that the person who wrote it ascribed to it, but rather according to some idea that you've just made up ... then it's a free country. You can say what you like. But I shall say that the First Amendment means what the person who wrote it meant it to mean.
Well, that's the quickest I've ever convinced some on the internet that they were wrong.
To be precise, I convinced a liberal that theocracy is constitutional.
Damn, it's so depressing. I can speak reason to the left, and this wil sway them, but I have no idea how to speak nonsense to the right. Logic and facts will convince the left ... what convinces the right?
Let's give it a go ... hey, Buzsaw, IF YOU DON'T VOTE FOR OBAMA THEN FLYING PIGS WILL EAT YOUR CHILDREN ... how am I doing? Am I insane enough to convince you? What does it take?
I think that you're confusing two ideas here. That's understandable, since the distinction between religious activity within a government facility and religious activity sponsored or promoted by the government itself isn't always so clear.
Look at a range of actions to see how they differ.
Case 1: A county board of supervisors passes regulations that require every resident to attend services at a Methodist church every Sunday. Clearly unconstitutional. Doesn't matter if 99% of the county are Methodists.
Case 2: A state prohibits anyone who doesn't believe in Almighty God from holding public office. Clearly unconstitutional. Despite this, seven states still do exactly this. In Arkansas being an atheist even makes you incompetent to testify in court cases. I guess that no one there thinks that you're telling the truth unless you promise that you believe that God is gonna strike you down if you don't.
Case 4: All the teachers at a public school are required to begin class in the morning with "a minute of silent prayer." Unconstitutional. This is still the sort of school prayer that got the boot years back. It fails the test because 1) the teachers are acting in their official capacities as government employees; 2) they're specifically calling for prayer, albeit silent prayer of the students choice; and 3) they're making this activity mandatory, although I can't see how they're going to make sure that the kids are praying instead of thinking about lunch or getting a D in Chemistry. On the other hand, if by school prayer you mean students getting together at lunch to read the Bible and pray, then that just fine and has never been illegal, despite fundies trying to whip themselves up into a frenzy of indignation.
Case 5: A valedictorian asks everyone at graduation to join her in prayer. Probably constitutional. Here's where the distinction is subtle. The valedictorian here isn't a school official, but a private individual expressing her own personal beliefs, even if at an official school event. One could make the case that this is still a case of government approval of religious activity, but you'd be on thin ground.
Case 6: A state park allows the use of public space for a church to hold sunrise services on Easter. Conditionally constitutional. There's nothing wrong with people using public space for whatever they want, providing that they're following the general park rules, e.g. no candles for services if open flames are prohibited. However, the park has to allow everyone equal access. They can't say yes to the Baptists and no to Hindus, Wiccans or even atheists. (The likelihood of atheists attending Easter services is doubtful, but they they could have Solstice Appreciation Day, I suppose.) If the park did discriminate on the grounds of religious belief, they'd clearly be showing government preference.
Case 7: A local pro-Palestinian group refuses a request by a pro-Israel activist to speak at their monthly meeting. Constitutional. Case law regarding discrimination by private organizations is often complex, but in this case we have a private group asserting its right not to sponsor messages that it doesn't approve and in fact directly contradict its own central message. A country club might be prohibited from refusing membership to Jews, but the pro-Israel activist would have a hard time finding a court that would force the pro-Palestinians to host her.
Case 8: A mosque posts a large sign on its lawn saying: "SUBMIT NOW TO ALLAH OR FACE THE FURY OF HELL." Clearly constitutional. This is a private group expressing the beliefs of its members on private property. Even if someone might not like it, the First Amendment clearly allows this sort of religious expression.
So to get back to Buz at long last, I believe that what the above illustrates is the nature of government neutrality with regards to religion. If by "religion within government facilities" you (Buz) mean non-discriminatory use of public venues for religious purposes, I don't see a problem with that. But if you mean Congress ought to start basing more legislation on Christian beliefs, then that's not how this country is supposed to work, no matter how many of those Congress-critters or their constituents are Christian themselves.
Edited by ZenMonkey, : Clarification of Case 4.
I shudder to think of case 3.
Doh! I think I was going to do another school prayer example, and then lost track.
"We have staked the whole future of American civilization, not upon the power of government, far from it. We have staked the whole future of all our political institutions upon the capacity of mankind for self-government; upon the capacity of each and all of us to govern ourselves, to control ourselves, to sustain ourselves according to the Ten Commandments of God."
John Q Adams, signer, saidThe highest glory of the American Revolution was this: it connected, in one indissoluble bond, the principles of civil government with the principles of Christianity."
Samuel Adams said "We have this day restored the Sovereign to whom all men ought to be obedient. He reigns in heaven, and from the rising to the setting of the sun, let His kingdom come."
Alexander Hamilton said, "The Christian Constitutional Society." Its object to be first: The support of the Christian religion; and second: The support of the United States."
John Hancock was the first signer of the Declaration of Independence and member of the Continental Congress. He stated: "Sensible of the importance of Christian piety and virtue to the order and happiness of a state, I cannot but earnestly commend you to every measure for their support and encouragement�Manners, by which not only the freedom but the very existence of the republics are greatly affected, depend much upon the public institutions of religion."
On September 12, 1782, Congress approved the governmental printing of the first English-language Bible printed in America. Printed in the front of that Bible was the following Congressional endorsement: "Whereupon, Resolved, That the United States Congress�recommend this edition of the Bible to the inhabitants of the United States." Of this event, one early historian observed: "Who, in view of this fact, will call in question the assertion that this is a Bible nation?
Benjamin Rush was a Founding Father and signer the Declaration of Independence. "The great enemy of the salvation of man, in my opinion, never invented a more effectual means of extirpating [extinguishing] Christianity from the world than by persuading mankind that is was improper to read the Bible at schools. The Bible, when not read in schools, is seldom read in any subsequent period in life...[It] should be read in our schools in preference to all other books from its containing the greatest portion of that kind of knowledge which is calculated to produce private and public happiness."
Fact 1 - Homosexual marriage degrades a time-honored institution.
Really Buz? Next time, use non-biased sauce.
So to get back to Buz at long last, I believe that what the above illustrates is the nature of government neutrality with regards to religion. If by "religion within government facilities" you (Buz) mean non-discriminatory use of public venues for religious purposes, I don't see a problem with that.
Check, Zen. That's what the Constitution calls for. If Zen Buddhism becomes as prominent in the US of A as Christianity was in the days of the founders, then get up the majority vote, install enough support and have the representatives implement building some Buddhas around DC where the Buddist sheeples can bring their offerings and prayers, etc. Imo, God forbid, but that's how a republic is suppose to work.
But if you mean Congress ought to start basing more legislation on Christian beliefs, then that's not how this country is supposed to work, no matter how many of those Congress-critters or their constituents are Christian themselves.


text:
Eurysternus wittmerorum är en skalbaggsart som beskrevs av Martinez 1988. Eurysternus wittmerorum ingår i släktet Eurysternus och familjen bladhorningar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Bladhorningar
wittmerorum

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Home > CULTURE > The Murder of John Francis Dowling and the Massacre of 300 Aborigines -- Paul Dillon
The Murder of John Francis Dowling and the Massacre of 300 Aborigines -- Paul Dillon
The Murder of John Francis Dowling and the Massacre of 300 Aborigines
The molehills of history are often swept aside and return quickly to the dust from which they were made. Sometimes they grow into monumental mountains of historical significance and everyone even the uninformed hums a tune about it. John Francis Dowling rode out on his trusty steed from the Paroo with his black pilot beside him hoping to make a line to Mt Murchison Station on the Darling. The country was dry and drought had set in. What did he have to fear, only fear itself? He was a bushman. The sun rose gently from the east, southward was his bearing. The morning was cool and all seemed fair and still. Onwards they went and on the fourth day he wrote his log up only to say the blacks could tell him "no more about the springs." He was lost. He never returned. Dowling was found murdered by the blacks. His trusty guide in a moment of madness struck him about his head and crushed his skull and then decamped. How many times must this situation have repeated itself during the early settlement of Australia, no one knows? Arising out of this small tragedy, 300 Aborigines were said to have been massacred by the whites.
This book is an attempt to tell that story as best one can with the information that still exists. It's a simple story but the problem nowadays is by what yard stick should it be told. Should we see it as the loss of a pioneer attempting to settle the Australian outback, attempting to advance Australia. Or is the real story the relentless march of the white man's livestock trampling the flora and fauna and encroaching on koori country. Who should come first the wool or the environment? John Dowling had a job to do. He never expected to be killed in carrying out the ambitions and aspirations of the white citizens of Queensland. On the other hand, the intrusion of foreign squatters onto the fields and streams of the outback has left a lasting trail of regret in the minds of some.
Soul of the West: Christianity and the Great Tradition
Aramaic Catholicism: Maronite History and Identity
To Bonegilla from Somewhere - Wanda Skowronska
Letters to Naples - Vincenzo De Francesco SJ
Christian Foundations of the Common Law, Volume I: England -- Augusto Zimmermann
EUTHANASIA: PUTTING THE CULTURE TO DEATH? -- Peter Kurti
The Old School: A Portrait of Caulfield Grammar School in 50 Lives -- David Thomson
Tribalism's Troubles Responding to Rowan Williams -- Edited by Damien Freeman
Albania: Escaping the East, Aspiring for the West -- Perparim Xhaferi
THE IRVINEBANK MASSACRE -- PAUL DILLON
Pechalba Down Under: Macedonians in Australia -- Nick Anastasovski
The European Union: New Leadership and New Agendas -- Edited by Stephen Alomes, Robert Mezyk and Sang-Chul Park
Australia Tomorrow -- Edited by Jake Thrupp (LIMITED EDITION HARDBACK)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Ace of Wands tarot card is excellent news for beginnings of any kind!
Everything is in the right place. To boot, the universe blesses you with inspiration and creative energy.
Look at the glittering silver sky and the green landscape on the Ace of Wands tarot card. Silver symbolizes inspiration and intuition. The fertile lands irrigated by the clear, blue river are the perfect soil for new endeavors.
Farther ahead on the Ace of Wands card, the tall castle on the hill promise success and great accomplishments. The mountain range in the distance symbolizes intellectual and spiritual understanding.
In short, the future looks bright.
While everything is perfectly aligned, the white, radiant hand reaching out of the cloud in the Ace of Wands shows that a divine blessing is here at work, too: the wand.
No worries, it's not a "therapeutic" whack on the head!
Wands are associated with the element of fire, the energy that keeps the universe in motion. In this sense, fire is a life giving force. That's why leaves are growing on the wands in the tarot. While it can be destructive, fire actually helps to preserve and improve life, when used wisely. Our ability to use fire for cooking and powering engines, for example, is one of the things that sets us apart from other animals.
Wands are also associated with fire because Prometheus, a titan in Greek mythology, touched a stick to the sun when he stole it from the gods as a gift to humanity.
In the Ace of Wands tarot card, the 10 leaves growing from the wand express its live giving power. They're a reference to the Kabbalistic Tree of Life, a symbol of the universe. 8 leaves are falling to the ground, changing into the Hebrew letter Yud as they descend. Kabbalistically, this number refers to Mercury, the god of magic. The letter Yud shows that this is a divine blessing.
The power of fire is indeed magical.
Start revving your engine! The Ace of Wands tarot card is like a cosmic checkered flag, and it's about to drop.
If you stay focused on your goal, there's no way you will lose this race.
Whatever you're about to begin, you couldn't have hoped for better starting conditions. As an unexpected bonus, the universe has added extra octane to your tank.
The Suit of Wands is all about creative energy. The Ace of Wands is especially powerful for anyone working in a creative field. If you've been suffering from writer's block, you had better spent that time constructively – such as stocking up on pens and paper at the local stationery store. That epic novel or cycle of romantic poems has already been telling you to get busy. So roll up your sleeves, have a good stretch, and start writing!
Say goodbye to nagging doubts and old hangups! The Ace of Wands tarot card brings a message of courage and vitality. Your attitude is improving by leaps and bounds, and true to the law of attraction, the cosmos is responding in kind. You know that your moment in the sun has arrived.
In this spirit, you can achieve anything your will desires!
If you've been struggling with a situation you believed to be hopeless, you are suddenly discovering untapped reservoirs of optimism and resolve. Filled with new energy, you know that you can go the distance.
If you're a man, and your partner and you have been trying for a baby, good news may be on the way soon. Perhaps you can find a healthier way of celebrating the new arrival than handing out cigars at the office.
When reversed, the Ace of Wands tarot card points to a moment of confusion. Here, it's important to keep your head on your shoulders. You don't want your current disorientation to escalate into full-blown chaos. That could spell an inglorious, early end to something that had a very promising start.
The energy of the Ace of Wands shines dazzlingly bright, but burns off quickly. It's meant to give you the necessary pickup to get you going.
In a sense, it's just like your morning coffee.
Yes, it'll give you the energy and motivation to leave your house and get to work. However, if you want to make it through the rest of the day, you will need to eat food, too. A coffee-only diet will only end in disaster.
Your confusion could arise from having too many choices at once.
For example, if you've been flirting with several people at the same time, don't be surprised when several prospects show an interest in you. That's only a fun dilemma when you're looking at it from the outside. The reality often ends in awkward and embarrassing scenarios.
There is only one way out: grow up, fess up, and hope for the best.
Another type of confusion shown in the Ace of Wands tarot card is what Arthur E. Waite calls "clouded joy." That's the kind of joy you can't see because you're too busy worrying about something else. No matter how busy your life may be at the moment, you can always take five minutes out of your schedule to reflect on the many things you can be grateful for.
The reversed Ace of Wands also suggests that something is about to come to an end. But that's not always a bad thing. In fact, there are plenty of times when the end of something spells very good news: such as a job search, a garnishment, or a hospital stay.
The Ace of Wands tarot card correlates to the meanings and symbolism of the Number 1. Kabbalistically, it corresponds to the divine spark. In traditional numerology, ones are associated with the generative powers of the sun. When these energies combine in the element of fire, they give you the extra oomph you need to set great things in motion.


text:
// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

using osu.Framework.Extensions.TypeExtensions;
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;

namespace osu.Framework.Timing
{
    public class StopwatchClock : Stopwatch, IAdjustableClock
    {
        private double seekOffset;

        /// <summary>
        /// Keep track of how much stopwatch time we have used at previous rates.
        /// </summary>
        private double rateChangeUsed;

        /// <summary>
        /// Keep track of the resultant time that was accumulated at previous rates.
        /// </summary>
        private double rateChangeAccumulated;

        public StopwatchClock(bool start = false)
        {
            if (start)
                Start();
        }

        public double CurrentTime => stopwatchCurrentTime + seekOffset;

        /// <summary>
        /// The current time, represented solely by the accumulated <see cref="Stopwatch"/> time.
        /// </summary>
        private double stopwatchCurrentTime => (stopwatchMilliseconds - rateChangeUsed) * rate + rateChangeAccumulated;

        private double stopwatchMilliseconds => (double)ElapsedTicks / Frequency * 1000;

        private double rate = 1;

        public double Rate
        {
            get => rate;
            set
            {
                if (rate == value) return;

                rateChangeAccumulated += (stopwatchMilliseconds - rateChangeUsed) * rate;
                rateChangeUsed = stopwatchMilliseconds;

                rate = value;
            }
        }

        public new void Reset()
        {
            resetAccumulatedRate();
            base.Reset();
        }

        public new void Restart()
        {
            resetAccumulatedRate();
            base.Restart();
        }

        public void ResetSpeedAdjustments() => Rate = 1;

        public bool Seek(double position)
        {
            // Determine the offset that when added to stopwatchCurrentTime; results in the requested time value
            seekOffset = position - stopwatchCurrentTime;
            return true;
        }

        public override string ToString() => $@"{GetType().ReadableName()} ({Math.Truncate(CurrentTime)}ms)";

        private void resetAccumulatedRate()
        {
            rateChangeAccumulated = 0;
            rateChangeUsed = 0;
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Does Constant Contact Track Donations
Constant Contact have actually been in the email advertising and marketing game considering that 1995. Throughout that time, they've taken care of to become one of one of the most used email tools worldwide, after Mailchimp.
One thing I saw is that Constant Contact is extremely often the top selection for several other evaluation web sites. Normally, I wonder to see if our comprehensive evaluation creates the same outcome.
You might have taken a look at the Constant Contact testimonials offered by users online, as well, and also whilst they are pretty positive, they might not give you the whole picture. Our evaluation of Constant Contact is based on a systematic technique and also utilizes our sensible experience and expertise of lots of various other easy and also sophisticated advertising automation tools.
What makes them unique is that they've added several attributes over the years that few of their competitors sport, such as electronic item downloads, occasion administration, appointment organizing and also social projects. These all contribute to the varied listing of e-mail choices readily available, in addition to automations and also reoccuring e-newsletters.
Constant Contact brag a marketplace with around 400 applications and integrations that cater to even one of the most particular niche of products. Yet in spite of these fancy numbers as well as features, interest in Constant Contact appears to be on the decrease, at least according to Google Trends. If it's still relevant in the 21st century, Enough factor for us to take a closer look at Constant Contact's ins & outs as well as check.
Constant Contact is guided towards local business, however their prices aren't the most budget friendly, specifically when you think about that their features just aren't that progressed. Strategies begin with $9.99/ month, however this just allows for 500 customers, as well as rates climb pretty dramatically afterwards.
Try Constant Contact completely free
> Find out more about Constant Contact's strategies in our full prices overview
Is Constant Contact the right e-newsletter service for you?
Constant Contact is quite one-of-a-kind hereof, being just one of minority e-mail marketing tools to permit you to handle event tickets, registrations, and also invitations . Remember that this feature features its own charges: 5.4% + $0.80 for every ticket offered or purchase carried out.
Remarkably, for the costs it charges, Constant Contact does not provide one of the most innovative automations. While they do provide triggered projects, autoresponders and also deserted cart campaigns (for Shopify just), you'll discover that much cheaper tools use similar levels of automation– MailerLite and Sendinblue, for instance.
Generally it's very easy to navigate, though a little bit dull-looking. You can get to the majority of areas within a couple of clicks, though as they've added more capability, some points have become a little covert, as an example, automations.
The editor is quick, yet light on attributes, particularly in the designing division. In addition to that it's simple to work with.
This is very fundamental, only allowing you to place basic greetings or call details. There is no if/then/else logic available.
Traditional, autoresponders, standard automations, persisting e-newsletters, A/B screening, occasion enrollments, surveys, polls and also promo codes .
Tolerable. There are about 200 (!) templates to choose from, with differing degrees of high quality (some are good, while others look a little basic as well as outdated). You can likewise start from scratch, and utilize a convenient feature called 'Brand your e-mail' to auto-generate a template based upon your website's colors and logo.
It likewise generates pre-defined contact sections based on your consumers' communications with your on-line shop (e.g. repeat, expired and possible customers). Automations based on get in touch with triggers (e.g. email opens, clicks) are likewise readily available.
You can produce sectors from get in touch with activity, list subscription, call details, tags, or ecommerce activity. You can also develop a section from your get in touch with insights and tag get in touches with based on contact field criteria.
There is next to no customization with the kind, and it simply supplies a description box, fundamental area options (which you can't add to) and after that a checklist, or checklists, that people can examine to be included in.
As you can see in our deliverability tests, Constant Contact does not do also severely, getting to the most popular e-mail carriers (AOL, Gmail, Yahoo, and also Outlook) most of the time.
In addition to typical open and also click reports, spam, bounce and also unsubscribe rates are additionally offered. You additionally obtain click heat maps, and also some useful review reports such as open and also click trends, opens by device, % of get in touches with involved, and a lot of effective subject line. You can likewise contrast projects. Nevertheless, progressed tracking such as social tracking isn't available.
Here's where it obtains a bit hirsute. The site as well as the tool are just available in English. You can select to transform some of the non-editable email areas (e.g. footer as well as privacy plan text) to one of 10 languages offered, primarily European. Support as well as the knowledge base is readily available in 4 languages. Slightly complicated, but a minimum of there's some effort to sustain multilingual individuals and also target markets.
Spam testing isn't available, nevertheless, there is a attribute to inspect the email for mistakes ( missing out on web links, placeholder text that hasn't been upgraded, and so on). There's also a tool that allows you to sneak peek just how e-mails will certainly look for details receivers, although this really did not appear to function when we tested it out. 'Inbox Preview' by Litmus is readily available as an add-on solution, although at $10/month for just 5 tests, it's a little steep.
Soft bounces are placed on short-term hold for 15 days, and after that feel bitter. They are moved into a put on hold bounce classification if it happens once again. They have a 'recommended for removal' filter available to check out these, however don't eliminate them immediately.
Import/export available although it's not as straightforward as maybe– you need to initially allow sophisticated e-mail permissions under Account Settings.
Storage space available for information and images
All strategies feature endless storage space.
The Account Owner can also designate roles to be either an Account Manager or a Campaign Creator.
Constant Contact provide a large amount of assimilations and applications , virtually 400.
This is only readily available via their type builder, and also it's very basic. Instead, we would certainly advise these totally free landing page contractors.
There are a number of channels of support, including real-time chat, phone support, a expertise base as well as community-based assistance. I located that the chat as well as phone support weren't constantly offered, which was a little frustrating.
General rating.
For a standard email device, Constant Contact ticks a lot of packages. The main problem below, though, is that they're asking a premium cost for a sub-premium item.
As Constant Contact themselves repeat with their site, they are a tool for small businesses. And also, as such, it's worth assessing them on these terms. As mentioned over, they certainly have sufficient of the essentials covered to satisfy most small businesses, as well as if it were as simple as that then we would certainly suggest them extra highly.
The problem, these days, is that there are plenty of other email tools providing much more than Constant Contact, and also for a great deal much less money. This consists of not just includes, however additionally customer experience. For the amount you pay with Constant Contact, you can locate yourself utilizing a lot a lot more effective tools such as ActiveCampaign and also GetResponse.
And with recent improvements to automations and also reporting, as well as the enhancement of new attributes like a internet site building contractor, it does look like they're making an effort to improve the product. Their absence of advanced attributes makes it difficult to advise them over others at this price point.
So, there you have it: the next time you see Constant Contact as the number 1 rated solution anywhere around the web, I would boldly claim that there might be various other rate of interests at play there.
Attempt Constant Contact now completely free for 30 days.
ActiveCampaign has one of the most sophisticated automation systems we've ever attempted, and also it can't be compared to Constant Contact's simplistic approach (it just features autoresponders). They additionally supply durable records and evaluation devices. In addition to that, they are even less expensive than Constant Contact.
Sendinblue is one of the cheapest all-in-one e-mail marketing tools on the marketplace. It's available in 6 languages and features sophisticated automation choices as well as a built-in CRM.
GetResponse is a strong choice. It includes numerous sophisticated features (e.g. a webinar tool), has superb automations and also supplies one of the very best spam as well as design testing tools we've ever before used. That's why Constant Contact fails when contrasted to GetResponse.
We have a detailed guide with the best alternatives to Constant Contact, check it out right here. You can likewise try out our Smart Finder to see which e-newsletter solution is ideal matched to you.
Is Constant Contact much better than Mailchimp?
Mailchimp defeats Constant Contact pass on. Take a appearance at our Mailchimp vs Constant Contact comparison if you would certainly like to obtain into the information.
Can Constant Contact be made use of as a CRM?
Constant Contact, in partnership with SharpSpring, uses an all-in-one CRM platform. Nevertheless, at $399/month, you would certainly be better off having a look at any one of these CRMs for local business, which will be far more affordable. There are even lots of outstanding totally free CRMs to select from.
Frustratingly, you'll require to call Constant Contact within organization hrs Eastern time in order to cancel your account. Here is the number for the US as well as Canada: 855-229-5506.
Constant Contact is a official email advertising software application for small companies. It safely shops your consumer information and also supplies a safe and secure way to handle your customers.
Constant Contact's deliverability prices are regularly good in our bi-annual deliverability tests.
Regardless of these flashy numbers and also functions, passion in Constant Contact seems to be on the decline, at least according to Google Trends. As Constant Contact themselves restate via their site, they are a tool for small services. The problem, these days, is that there are plenty of other email tools using even a lot more than Constant Contact, as well as for a whole lot much less money. For the quantity you pay with Constant Contact, you might find yourself utilizing much a lot more effective tools such as ActiveCampaign and also GetResponse.
ActiveCampaign has one of the most innovative automation systems we've ever before tried, and also it can not be contrasted to Constant Contact's simple strategy (it just includes autoresponders).
Constant Contact Button Link
Constant Contact Creating Duplicates In Donor Perfect
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Pandemic flu vaccinations: No time for 'cutsies' in line
If a pandemic flu hits and there is a vaccine available, who will get vaccinated first? According to the federal government, people working on the front lines — such as health care workers, firefighters and police, among others — will be first in line. That's good, because they will be the ones out there trying to help during a crisis. Also at the head of the list for receiving vaccinations are those who are at higher risk of becoming very sick, such as pregnant women, infants and toddlers.
What about the elderly, and other adults? In a severe pandemic scenario, children between the ages of 3 and 18 will be vaccinated before people who are 65 and older, according to plans that are now in place. Healthy adults between the ages of 19 and 64 will come in last.
Depending on the type of pandemic we're faced with, however, this order may shift. For example, healthy adults could become a higher priority if the pandemic looks anything like it did during the 1918 flu pandemic, during which nearly half of all deaths that occurred were among people ages 20 to 40.
Because vaccines may not be easily available during a pandemic, vaccination won't be the only way to fight disease. Simple acts such as washing your hands, covering your mouth when you cough or sneeze and staying home when you are sick will make a huge difference. That's not just sound advice while living through a pandemic. It's a good lesson for your everyday life.
Do you think the government's plan makes sense? Is this the right order? Share your thoughts with us in the comments section.
This week in pandemic flu, emerging infectious disease: More bird flu outbreaks reported in poultry
More cases of H5N1 bird flu were reported in poultry around the world this week, with at least five countries experiencing new or reoccurring outbreaks, according to headlines reported by APHA's Get Ready news Twitter. The bird flu cases came as more and more countries work to come up with pandemic flu plans and as world health leaders struggle to reach common ground on virus sample sharing.
Among the week's bird flu highlights reported by the Get Ready news Twitter are:
• South Korea reports new low pathogenic bird flu case
• Japan bans poultry from South Korea
• Myanmar reports fresh bird flu outbreak
• Another case of bird flu in Hong Kong
• Deadly bird flu found on Saudi poultry farm
• Bird flu found in market near Saudi capital
• Cull ends at bird flu-hit farms in UK
• UK bird flu poses no food safety risks, officials say
• UK poultry owners urged to register in fight against bird flu
For links to these and dozens of other news stories and resources, visit the Get Ready Twitter.
New information is posted each weekday, so check back regularly for updates, or sign up for our RSS feed. Our Twitter headlines can also be read on the Get Ready for Flu blog.
Guest blog: Today is first-ever National Children's Flu Vaccination Day
Today's blog entry is authored by Richard H. Carmona, MD, MPH, FACS, former U.S. surgeon general and chair of the Childhood Influenza Immunization Coalition; and Carol J. Baker, MD, FAAP, FIDSA, president of the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases and moderator for the Childhood Influenza Immunization Coalition.
This week is National Influenza Vaccination Week, which was created by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to encourage more people to get vaccinated against influenza, also called the flu, in November, December and beyond.
For the first time ever, CDC, along with Families Fighting Flu -- both members of the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases' Childhood Influenza Immunization Coalition -- created a day within National Influenza Vaccination Week that focuses on children. Children's Flu Vaccination Day is today, Nov. 27.
Americans are for the most part unaware that influenza can be a serious risk to the health of our children. Children are two to three times more likely to come down with the flu than adults because their immune systems are less developed. Children are also very good spreaders of the flu since they wash their hands and cover their coughs and sneezes less frequently than adults.
Seasonal flu is very serious. Each year, thousands of Americans are hospitalized and some even die due to the flu and its complications.
Annual influenza vaccination is safe and effective and is the best way to protect anyone from getting sick with the flu.
So get vaccinated against influenza every year, beginning in the fall and continuing through the winter -- December and beyond. Creating healthy family habits will help protect our nation from influenza each season and in the case of an influenza pandemic.
On behalf of the Childhood Influenza Immunization Coalition, we thank our members, including APHA, for the important work they do throughout the year to educate people about the importance of flu vaccination.
It's not too late to get your seasonal flu shot
Still haven't gotten your seasonal flu shot? Well, now's the perfect time. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has named this week National Influenza Vaccination Week. This week is here to remind us why it is important to get our flu shots. It is also a good time to make sure that everyone who hasn't gotten their shot yet gets them through the months of November, December and into the new year.
Each year in the United States, around 36,000 people die and more than 200,000 are hospitalized because of seasonal flu. People who don't get a flu shot are putting themselves at risk for the flu, which can be a serious illness. If they get sick, they are also placing their close contacts at risk for flu. And even though our families might drive us crazy at times, we don't want to make them sick!
Getting a flu shot is the single best way to protect yourself and the people you love from seasonal flu. And there is still plenty of time left in this flu season to make getting the flu shot worthwhile.
Also, tomorrow, Nov. 27, is set aside as Children's Flu Vaccination Day. Each year, more than 20,000 kids younger than age 5 are hospitalized because of the flu. This day will focus on making sure that everyone knows how important it is that all kids get their flu shot.
Record amounts of flu vaccine are available this season, so call your doctor or health clinic and schedule a time for you and your loved ones to get your flu shots. Take the flu seriously and make sure you get ready for this flu season by getting your shot!
This week in pandemic flu, emerging infectious disease: Time to get your seasonal flu shot!
Reports of seasonal flu cases are trickling in from across the U.S., with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention noting elevated flu activity in the Mountain and New England regions and localized outbreaks in three states as of Nov. 10. Headlines reported this week by APHA's Get Ready news Twitter show that now is the time to find a flu clinic and get your vaccination.
Among the week's seasonal flu highlights are:
• Seasonal flu outbreaks in three U.S. states
• National Influenza Vaccination Week is Nov. 26 to Dec 2 in U.S.
• Have you received your seasonal flu shot yet? Take our poll!
• Flu season hits Lower Hudson, N.Y.
• How to find a seasonal flu shot: Web site helps find flu vaccine
• Delaware's first flu cases of season reported
• Florida flu season is under way
• Central Florida worst in U.S. for seasonal flu
For links to these and dozens of other news stories and resources, visit the Get Ready news Twitter.
When planning for a pandemic, let's not forget the kids
When planning for a pandemic, there's one item you should be sure not to leave off the list: the kids. But a recent report suggests that's exactly what's happening.
According to the American Academy of Pediatrics and Trust for America's Health, children are being left out of pandemic flu planning around the world. Even the U.S. flu plan does not fully address how to care for children if we have a pandemic.
Making matters worse, since 2003, nearly half of the more than 200 people who have died from H5N1 bird flu -- the strain scientists have considered being the greatest pandemic threat -- have been younger than age 19. Children are more at risk for contagious diseases, including the flu, because they have less immunity. They also are more likely to spread the virus because they come in close contact with other children.
To improve flu planning for kids, the report recommends that the U.S. government:
*include pediatricians in pandemic flu planning;
*test vaccines, medicine and medical equipment to make sure they work and are safe for children;
*store enough vaccine and medicines to treat at least 25 percent of children in the United States -- about 18.4 million people;
*teach children in school to wash their hands, cover their mouth when they cough and other ways to prevent viruses from spreading; and
*figure out what would happen if schools close for a long period of time.
If you are worried about what you can do to keep your kids safe from infections, check out this Q&A from APHA experts with tips you can use.
What special planning have you done to protect your children? Let us know by clicking the "comment" button below, and sharing your experiences!
This week in pandemic flu, emerging infectious disease: Seasonal flu vaccinations on agenda
Seasonal flu is here, and health workers around the globe are using innovative methods — from drive-thru clinics to talking posters - to encourage people to get their annual vaccinations, as evidenced by some of the news headlines reported this week by APHA's Get Ready News Twitter.
Among the week's seasonal flu highlights are:
*Scotland uses talking posters, graffiti to promote flu shots
*Free flu shots will be given in Paris
*Children's books to help fight bird flu in Australia
*Baltimore to monitor severity of flu during season
*Banks, nurses team up to give out flu shots in Michigan
*Flu vaccination should reach more people says U.S. CDC
Have you received your seasonal flu shot yet? Take our poll now on the right-hand side of the Get Ready for Flu blog!
Help make sure the nation is ready for pandemic flu
It's important that each and every one of us takes steps to prepare for pandemic flu. But what is the government doing to help? Quite a bit, actually. In fact, a few years ago, U.S. leaders released an ambitious plan that lays out the steps that the government- along with states, communities, businesses and families- should take to get ready for a flu pandemic. It's a wise start, but the plan needs more money.
Congress has already given the plan some funding, which is being used to stockpile drugs called "antivirals" that are used to help treat people with flu. Some is being used to store vaccines that would protect people against H5N1, the strain of bird flu that is causing concern around the world. And some of the money is also being used to increase our nation's ability to make vaccines- which are all positive steps.
Unfortunately, not enough money is going to help states and communities prepare for a flu pandemic. Funding is especially needed to make sure that there are enough health workers on hand if a pandemic occurs and that hospitals have enough medical supplies and beds. That way, you, your family and your community will be protected. And isn't that what we all want?
You can help make sure that there is enough money in place to prepare the nation for pandemic flu. Let your legislator know you support preparedness and public health by contacting them via phone, e-mail or even old-fashioned snail mail. You could even go a step further and set up a meeting with your elected official and deliver your message face-to-face. Legislators are working on budgets now, so this is the time to make your voice heard!
Won't you be my neighbor? Community preparedness and pandemic flu
Neighbors. Whether we live in a city, suburb or rural area, we've all got 'em. Whether or not we've actually met any of them is another story. But recent work by public health students at Indiana University suggests that now may be the time to whip up a batch of cookies and make a call on the folks next door, as getting to know your neighbor can play an important role in the event of a flu pandemic.
Working at the request of a community in Indianapolis, students at the university's School of Public Health developed a plan known as "Healthwatch" that can be used to link up neighbors. At the heart of Healthwatch is the idea that neighbors can work together on preparedness, communication and awareness and rely on one another during a flu pandemic. Even though the plan was created for a specific community, it can serve as a model and be used elsewhere, according to Victoria Russo, MPH, who discussed the approach during the American Public Health Association's Annual Meeting this month.
"Our world is now faced with a deadly disease," Russo said. "The impact will be local, therefore preparedness must be at the local level also."
Based on the Healthwatch plan, here are some tips that you can use in your neighborhood:
*Bring together residents on pandemic flu planning through a community or neighborhood organization, which can serve as the coordinator for the effort.
*Getting a handle on a whole community of residents at once can be daunting. Try organizing neighborhoods into smaller units, such as 10 households each (be they apartments, mobile homes or houses). Then pick a captain that will serve as the head of each unit.
*Ask residents to provide details such as how many people live in each home and contact information to the unit captain. Create a phone tree so that residents can stay up-to-date on the situation and check up on those who need help.
*Come up with a way that sick households can be identified during a pandemic, such as a flag on a mailbox or sticker on a door, and ask residents to call in their symptoms to their captains, who can relay requests for help.
*Encourage residents to plan ahead and stock up on supplies for their households now, and to think about who in their homes might have special needs, such as the elderly or pregnant women.
The bottom line? Get to know your neighbor today. Because in the event of a disaster- be it pandemic flu or a hurricane- your nearest neighbors may turn out to be your closest allies.
Photo courtesy iStockphoto
Tulane student named as winner of APHA Get Ready Song Contest
A public health student and amateur song writer has been named as the winner of APHA's Get Ready Song Contest.
"Get Ready," an original song written and performed by Tulane University public health student Joy Elizabeth Sadaly, was chosen as the first-place winner of the contest. Judges praised the song, which featured Sadaly performing acoustically with a guitar, for its appealing tune, creative lyrics and "great hook."
The contest, held in summer 2007, called on APHA members and the public to write and record a song in support of the Association's Get Ready campaign. The campaign is working to help Americans prepared themselves, their families and their communities for pandemic flu and other emerging infectious diseases.
"Pandemic Blues," by Lance Waller, PhD, and the Sinners for Disease Control, was named the second-place winner in the contest. Waller, a biostatistics professor with the Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University in Atlanta, and his friends, John Cowden and Michael Starling, performed the song using primarily guitars and a piano.
Four songwriters also earned honorable mentions in the song contest: Glenn Hildebrand, Marina Kamen, Jenifer Kirin and Douglas Slaten.
You can listen to the songs online now via the Get Ready Web site.
Pandemic flu vaccinations: No time for 'cutsies' i...
This week in pandemic flu, emerging infectious dis...
Guest blog: Today is first-ever National Children'...
When planning for a pandemic, let's not forget the...
Won't you be my neighbor? Community preparedness a...
Tulane student named as winner of APHA Get Ready S...


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Editors' picks · Volcanoes
Increased eruptive activity at Anak Krakatau volcano, Indonesia
Thursday, July 5, 2018 Friday, March 4, 2022 Updated on Friday, March 4, 2022 18:26 UTC
Anak Krakatau, or Child of Krakatau, is showing signs of increased activity and it seems the eruption has reached a phase of being more or less continuous, the Volcano Discovery reports.
Krakatau, located between the Indonesian islands of Java and Sumatra, started erupting on June 19, 2018 with ash column rising just a few hundred meters before it dissipated. However, satellite imagery showed an increase in thermal radiation since March 2018, suggesting that magma is approaching the surface.
Thanks to Volcano Discovery and their friends at Anak Krakatau Volcano Observatory, we now have confirmation that lava flow is emerging from the summit area, which is in line with a moderately strong thermal signal detected via satellites.
Observers near the volcano report frequent explosions that generate ash plumes that rise few hundreds of meters as well as glow from the summit area.
Satellite (Sentinel-2) images of #Krakatau volcano of 19th June. Anak-krakatau, the volcanic-cone in the middle, seems to be emitting a small grey plume from the summit-crater, drifting West. pic.twitter.com/0f57T63K8j
— Øystein L. Andersen (@OysteinLAnderse) June 21, 2018
Multiple hotspots detected by MODIS imagery at #Krakatau volcano on the 30th June. pic.twitter.com/CiDG2JLmtQ
— Øystein L. Andersen (@OysteinLAnderse) July 2, 2018
The last Volcano Observatory Notice for Aviation (VONA) for Anak Krakatau was issued 09:59 UTC on July 5.
The eruption lasted for 30 seconds, producing a column of ash that rose up to 605 m (1 936 feet) or higher than could be observed clearly. Ash cloud was moving to the northwest.
The Aviation Color Code remains Orange.
If you are interested, Volcano Discovery is organizing an expedition to study and observe Anak Krakatau volcano and its activity. The next expedition is planned for July 12 – 14.
Geological summary
The renowned volcano Krakatau (frequently misstated as Krakatoa) lies in the Sunda Strait between Java and Sumatra. The collapse of the ancestral Krakatau edifice, perhaps in 416 CE, formed a 7-km-wide (4.3 miles) caldera.
Remnants of this ancestral volcano are preserved in Verlaten and Lang Islands; subsequently Rakata, Danan and Perbuwatan volcanoes were formed, coalescing to create the pre-1883 Krakatau Island. Caldera collapse during the catastrophic 1883 eruption destroyed Danan and Perbuwatan volcanoes, and left only a remnant of Rakata volcano.
This eruption, the 2nd largest in Indonesia during historical time, caused more than 36 000 fatalities, most as a result of devastating tsunamis that swept the adjacent coastlines of Sumatra and Java. Pyroclastic surges traveled 40 km (25 miles) across the Sunda Strait and reached the Sumatra coast.
After a quiescence of less than a half century, the post-collapse cone of Anak Krakatau (Child of Krakatau) was constructed within the 1883 caldera at a point between the former cones of Danan and Perbuwatan. Anak Krakatau has been the site of frequent eruptions since 1927. (GVP)
Featured image: Eruption of Anak Krakatau at 21:05 local time on July 3, 2018. Credit: Aris Yanto
New eruption at Anak Krakatau, Aviation Color Code raised to Orange, Indonesia Friday, February 4, 2022
Series of eruptions at Anak Krakatau volcano, Indonesia Tuesday, August 2, 2022
Series of eruptions at Anak Krakatau volcano, Indonesia Monday, January 23, 2023
Satellite images show hot lava at Anak Krakatau, Indonesia Thursday, April 28, 2022
Renewed activity at Anak Krakatau volcano, Indonesia Wednesday, October 26, 2022
Raung volcano Alert Level raised to 2, Indonesia Saturday, July 30, 2022
New eruption at Anak Krakatau, Indonesia Tuesday, January 3, 2023
Massive eruption at Semeru volcano, volcanic ash up to 15.2 km (50 000 feet) a.s.l., Indonesia Sunday, December 4, 2022
Intense explosive eruptions at Anak Krakatau, Alert Level raised to 3, Indonesia Sunday, April 24, 2022
Increased seismicity at Ruang volcano, alert level raised, Indonesia Tuesday, April 19, 2022
Eruption at Anak Krakatau, Indonesia Thursday, March 24, 2022
Eruption at Anak Krakatau volcano, Indonesia Wednesday, June 8, 2022
Post Tags: #anak krakatau#indonesia#indonesia volcanoes#krakatau
Researcher, journalist and editor of The Watchers. You can reach me at teo /at/ watchers.news.
Record 36 605 lightning strikes in a day, large hail destroys homes, cars and crops, France
Record-breaking rainfall threatens much of Japan, 160 000 advised or ordered to evacuate
Series of eruptions at Anak Krakatau volcano, Indonesia
Extrusive eruption at Sheveluch volcano continues, Russia


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As all of the sections of the Fourth Oxford Scout Group prepare to return after the summer break there's lots to look forward to.
For Cubs 2016 is a very special year. The Wolf Cubs were formed in 1916 so in 2016 we are celebrating the Cub Centenary. There are special events, fun days and a County Camp planned (Cub-Fest). We are also well into planning our Group Winter Camp where all sections of the group camp together, this year at Youlbury once more.
Most sections still have some spaces available so if you have a child who might be interested in joining Beavers, Cubs, Scouts or Explorers please drop us an email or pop along on our regular meeting night to find out more.


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Biografia
Forte è nato e cresciuto a Zurigo da genitori originari del comune italiano di Montano Antilia, in provincia di Salerno. Ha frequentato gli studi di scuola media a Brüttisellen e Dietlikon, per poi diplomarsi al liceo linguistico di Winterthur e conseguire la laurea in economia all'università di Zurigo. In virtù delle sue origini, si professa tifoso del Napoli.

Giocatore
La sua carriera da giocatore inizia nel 1991 con il Brüttisellen, dove rimane per tre stagioni, passando dalle giovanili alla prima squadra. Nell'estate del 1994 si trasferisce al Red Star, in cui milita per cinque stagioni. Nella stagione 1999-2000 torna a giocare in Prima Lega con il Kriens, dove rimane per tre anni.

Allenatore

Red Star Zurigo
Nella primavera del 2002 inizia la carriera di allenatore (giocatore-allenatore) in Seconda Lega alla guida del Red Star, con cui centra subito la promozione in Prima Lega. Nelle tre stagioni successive la squadra manca la promozione in Challenge League solo per aver perso i play-off.

Wil
Nell'estate 2006 riceve un'offerta dal Wil 1900 e per la prima volta entra nel calcio professionistico. Nella prima stagione in Challenge League raggiunge l'8º posto in campionato e le semifinali della Coppa Svizzera, perdendo contro il  (squadra che poi si aggiudica il trofeo). Il Wil viene poi premiato durante la "Notte del calcio svizzero", a Berna, con il riconoscimento Team Cup Swisscom of the Year 2007. Sempre alla guida del Wil, nella stagione 2007-2008, raggiunge il 3º posto della classifica, mancando di soli due punti la promozione diretta in Super League e di un solo punto lo spareggio.

San Gallo
Nella stagione 2008-2009 firma per il San Gallo, compagine appena retrocessa, e riporta subito la squadra in Super League, grazie ad una stagione di tutto rispetto: 25 vittorie, 3 pareggi e solo 2 sconfitte. Con un contratto in scadenza nel giugno 2012, fila tutto liscio fino alla sconfitta del 27 febbraio 2011 in casa contro il Thun, quando arriva l'esonero. La sua permanenza a San Gallo dura mille giorni esatti.

Grasshopper
Il 16 aprile 2012 firma un contratto con il Grasshopper. Porta la squadra zurighese alla vittoria in Coppa Svizzera, nella finale del 20 maggio 2013 contro il Basilea (1-1), che è battuto ai tiri di rigore (4-3). Si tratta del primo trofeo in dieci anni per le cavallette, la prima coppa dal 1994.

Young Boys
Il 1º giugno 2013 firma un contratto triennale con lo Young Boys. Il 6 agosto 2015 è esonerato dal club bernese dopo la mancata qualificazione alla UEFA Champions League.

Zurigo
Il 13 maggio 2016 è chiamato alla guida dello  per le ultime tre partite stagionali al posto dell'esonerato Sami Hyypiä; pur non riuscendo ad evitare la retrocessione dei biancazzurri in Challenge League, il 29 maggio 2016 riesce a vincere la Coppa Svizzera battendo il  per 1-0. Confermato anche per la stagione successiva, guida lo Zurigo alla vittoria del campionato di seconda serie e all'immediata risalita in Super League. L'esperienza allo Zurigo si chiude il 20 febbraio 2018 con l'esonero.

Ritorno al Grasshopper
Il 9 aprile 2019 si accorda con il Grasshopper, facendo ritorno sulla panchina della squadra dopo quasi sei anni. Non riesce ad evitare la retrocessione in Challenge League, dove la squadra cade dopo 68 anni. Rimane in carica anche per la stagione successiva.

Statistiche

Statistiche da allenatore
Statistiche aggiornate al 31 maggio 2019.

Palmarès

Allenatore

Club

Competizioni nazionali

Red Star Zurigo: 2002-2003

San Gallo: 2008-2009
Zurigo: 2016-2017

Grasshoppers: 2012-2013
Zurigo: 2015-2016

Note

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni


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Jim Saxton on Environment
Republican Representative (NJ-3)
Voted NO on environmental education grants for outdoor experiences.
Requires Environmental Education and Training program grantees to:
ensure that environmental education programs and curricula advance the teaching of interdisciplinary courses that include strong field components;
bring teachers into contact with working environmental professionals;
encourage individuals traditionally underrepresented in environmental careers
Proponent's argument to vote Yes:Rep. JOHN SARBANES (D, MD-3): This bill creates a new National Capacity Environmental Education grant program for which education associations apply competitively for grants that would fund model programs that get children into nature and really have them experiencing the environment.
Rep. BUCK McKEON (R, CA-25): This bill incorporates scientifically-based and technology-driven teaching methods into environmental education. Unfortunately, the new National Capacity Environmental Education Program is duplicative of the existing environmental education program already being run by the EPA. Still, I do not intend to oppose its passage.
Opponent's argument to vote No:Rep. MICHELE BACHMANN (R, MN-6): H.R. 3036 continues our Nation down the ill-fated road of shifting control of school curricula away from the parents and teachers and local school boards who best know what their children need into the hands of Federal Government and its one-size-fits-all approach. To best serve our children's educational needs, local school boards need flexibility to target resources where they are needed most. The needs of individual school districts are not homogenous and are most certainly not best understood by bureaucrats in Washington. This bill represents a step in the wrong direction. Forcing local school districts to direct scarce resources away from core curricula to serve a political agenda will only further suppress the academic performance of America's next generation. Reference: No Child Left Inside Act; Bill H.R.3036 ; vote number 2008-H614 on Sep 18, 2008
Voted YES on $9.7B for Amtrak improvements and operation thru 2013.
Authorizes appropriations for FY2009-FY2013 for Amtrak capital and operating grants; Amtrak repayment of long-term debt and capital leases; and the rail cooperative research program.
Authorizes grants for the Next Generation Corridor Train Equipment Pool Committee.
Proponents argument for voting YEA: Rep. OBERSTAR: America is on the threshold of a "renaissance'' for intercity passenger rail that approaches the enthusiasm of the completion of the transcontinental railroad. Last year, Amtrak set a ridership record for the fifth year in a row, exceeding 25.8 million passengers. Its ticket revenues rose 11 percent to more than $1.5 billion, the third straight year of revenue growth. This record of achievement is even more impressive considering that for the past eight years Amtrak has contended with an Administration committed to its bankruptcy. Indeed, these achievements are occurring when there is a greater need than ever for alternatives to our congested highways and skies. To alleviate this congestion and strengthen our energy security, we need to invest in intercity passenger rail.
Other countries already make an annual commitment to intercity passenger rail. In 2003 alone, France invested $10.6 billion in its rail system; Germany invested $12.4 billion; and the United Kingdom invested $7.8 billion. China plans to spend a total of $162 billion from 2006 through 2010 to expand its railway system. This bill authorizes $14 billion over 5 years:
$6.7 billion for capital grants
$3.0 billion for operating grants
$2.5 billion for 80% matching grants to States to pay for the capital costs of facilities
$1.75 billion to finance 11 authorized high-speed rail corridors
Reference: Passenger Rail Investment and Improvement Act; Bill HR6003 ; vote number 2008-400 on Jun 11, 2008
Voted YES on increasing AMTRAK funding by adding $214M to $900M.
Voting YES on this amendment would restore $214 million in funding for AMTRAK, bringing the total annual expenditure for AMTRAK to $1.114 billion. The chairman of the Railroad Subcommittee explained the increase as follows:
Unlike aviation, highways and transit, there is no dedicated funding for investing in our Nation's passenger rail service. This amendment restores $214 million to the Amtrak account, taking it to $1.114 billion, which is still about $300 million less than we had during the course of last year's discussion.
Last year the President sent up a budget of zero for Amtrak. We had an amendment process that we went through this time. This time we are up to $900 million in the bill [without this amendment].
But if you look at that $900 million, there is only $500 million for capital expenditures, out of which has to come a debt service of $280 million, which only leaves $220 million for the capital needs of this country for Amtrak, for passenger rail.
There is nothing for operation, and I know that the response to that is going to be that there are some incentive grants in the bill.
Opponents of the amendment say that it would increase funding for Amtrak by gutting and eliminating critical programs, including safety programs, resulting in reductions in force at several agencies. Reference: Department of Transportation appropriations; Bill HR 5576 Amendment 1008 ; vote number 2006-263 on Jun 13, 2006
Voted NO on barring website promoting Yucca Mountain nuclear waste dump.
An amendment to prohibit funding the "Yucca Mountain Youth Zone" website. Voting YES indicates opposition to using Yucca Mountain as the national nuclear waste repository. The amendment's sponsor says:
I would like to introduce the American people to the newest member of the Bush administration's energy policy team. His name is Yucca Mountain Johnny. He is the star of the Energy Department's Yucca Mountain Youth Zone Web site devoted to brainwashing school children into believing that burying the Nation's nuclear garbage 90 miles from Los Vegas is safe.
The Web site features games and activities to make high level nuclear waste fun. High level nuclear waste is not fun. It is dangerous, and the Department of Energy should not be using taxpayer money for a propaganda tool.
I would probably not be as upset with Joe Camel, excuse me, Yucca Mountain Johnny, if there was a more balanced approach on this Web site. It doesn't talk about the potential of accidents or being an inviting target for terrorists. It doesn't talk about the fact that Yucca Mountain is in a volcanic and seismic zone area. It doesn't say anything about the existence of safer and cheaper alternatives.
Among Yucca Mountain Johnny's witty sayings, he says, "The worst mistake is never making one." Well, Yucca Mountain is a mistake. This Web site is a mistake. Yucca Mountain Johnny is a mistake, and to promote the proposed nuclear waste repository to our children under the guise of education is a big mistake.
The amendment's opponents respond:
To my knowledge, nobody has questioned the accuracy or truth of what is on the Web site. My guess is that most of the children that access this website use it for term papers and papers in their classrooms that they have to do on nuclear power.
Whether you oppose or support the repository, we should at least want the facts out to our children and adults who wish to use that same Web site about just what exactly it is.
Reference: Energy and water development appropriations bill; Bill HR 5427 Amendment 919 ; vote number 2006-200 on May 24, 2006
Voted NO on deauthorizing "critical habitat" for endangered species.
To amend and reauthorize the Endangered Species Act of 1973 to provide greater results conserving and recovering listed species, and for other purposes, including:
Repealing the authority to designate an area as �critical habitat� for an endangered species
Requiring the Secretary of the Interior to create �recovery plans� within two years of classifying species as endangered or threatened
Allowing recovery agreements with private citizens whose land may be part of a species recovery plan
Issuing grants to support private property owners who voluntarily help to increase the number of endangered or threatened species on their private land
Providing compensation in an amount no less than fair market value to private landowners who have had regulation imposed upon their land
Calling upon the Secretary to submit an annual cost analysis of the previous years spending to Congress, including the amount of Federal and State funds used for each species
Reference: Threatened and Endangered Species Recovery Act; Bill HR 3824 ; vote number 2005-506 on Sep 29, 2005
Voted NO on speeding up approval of forest thinning projects.
Vote to adopt the conference report on the bill that would reduce and expedite (speed up) environmental and judicial reviews of forest thinning projects. The bill would authorize $760 million a year from fiscal 2004 to fiscal 2008. The Bureau of Land Management and the US Forest Service would have the authorization to remove vegetation that could cause or assist the spread of wildfires, disease or insect infestation. All forest thinning project would come after public meetings had been held. Forest thinning would be restricted to land that is within a 1.5 miles of at-risk communities , high-risk land that serves as a home for threatened and endangered species, high-risk land in the area of municipal water sources and and high-risk land that is specifically susceptible to disease or insect infestation. Reference: Healthy Forests Restoration Act; Bill HR 1904 ; vote number 2003-656 on Nov 21, 2003
Supports grants for brownfields remediation.
Saxton adopted the Republican Main Street Partnership agenda item:
H.R. 2941 Brownfields Redevelopment Enhancement Act.
Republican Main Street Partnership Congresswomen Marge Roukema (NJ), Sue Kelly (NY), and Melissa Hart (PA) as well as Congressman Paul Gillmor (PA) have introduced legislation providing a new source of funding for improving former industrial sites. H.R. 2941 reauthorizes the Brownfields Remediation Grant Program as well as creating a new loan program for brownfields redevelopment. The pilot program encourages cities to tap private loans for civic improvements by using the federal grants as collateral. The bill allows for Community Development Block Grants to be used in industrial site clean up as well. Source: Republican Main Street Partnership Legislative Agenda 02-RMSP2 on May 24, 2002
Make EPA into a Cabinet department.
H.R. 2438/H.R. 2694 Department of Environmental Protection Act.
Republican Main Street Partnership members Sherwood Boehlert (NY) and Steve Horn (CA) each have introduced legislation that would elevate the position of Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to that of cabinet level. Initially, the EPA served as a regulatory agency, but as a result of numerous statutes enacted by Congress, the agency's jurisdiction has swelled. Each bill would redesignate the EPA as the Department of Environmental Protection. RMSP supports the efforts of Congressman Vern Ehlers to include a deputy administrator for science within the department. Source: Republican Main Street Partnership Legislative Agenda 02-RMSP3 on May 24, 2002
Rated 75% by the LCV, indicating pro-environment votes.
Saxton scores 75% by the LCV on environmental issues
The League of Conservation Voters (LCV) is the political voice of the national environmental movement and the only organization devoted full-time to shaping a pro-environment Congress and White House. We run tough and effective campaigns to defeat anti-environment candidates, and support those leaders who stand up for a clean, healthy future for America. Through our National Environmental Scorecard and Presidential Report Card we hold Congress and the Administration accountable for their actions on the environment. Through regional offices, we build coalitions, promote grassroots power, and train the next generation of environmental leaders. The 2003 National Environmental Scorecard provides objective, factual information about the environmental voting records of all Members of the first session of the 108th Congress. This Scorecard represents the consensus of experts from 20 respected environmental and conservation organizations who selected the key votes on which Members of Congress should be graded. LCV scores votes on the most important issues of the year, including environmental health and safety protections, resource conservation, and spending for environmental programs. Scores are calculated by dividing the number of pro-environment votes by the total number of votes scored. The votes included in this Scorecard presented Members of Congress with a real choice on protecting the environment and help distinguish which legislators are working for environmental protection. Except in rare circumstances, the Scorecard excludes consensus action on the environment and issues on which no recorded votes occurred. Source: LCV website 03n-LCV on Dec 31, 2003
Promote conservation of rare felids & canids.
Saxton co-sponsored promoting conservation of rare felids & canids
To assist in the conservation of rare felids and rare canids by supporting and providing financial resources for the conservation programs of nations within the range of rare felid and rare canid populations and projects of persons with demonstrated expertise in the conservation of rare felid and rare canid populations. Congress finds the following:
Many wild populations of felids and canids, once considered common, are in decline, and many have declined to the point that their long-term survival in the wild is in serious jeopardy.
Of the 37 wild felid species worldwide, all are currently recognized as species in need of protection. Of the 35 wild canid species worldwide, nearly 50% are recognized as in need of such protection.
In addition to their intrinsic value, felids and canids are important aesthetic, economic, and ecological global resources that need to be conserved.
Large felids and canids are considered both keystone and indicator species. Healthy populations of these species act as an important indicator of the integrity of entire ecosystems.
Rare felids and rare canids face an array of threats, including loss of habitat and natural prey, intentional and unintentional takings by humans, disease transmission, and a vast number of other threats. These threats need to be addressed in a coordinated fashion.
The purposes of this Act are to provide financial resources and to foster international cooperation (1) to restore and perpetuate healthy populations of rare felids and rare canids in the wild; and (2) to assist in the conservation of rare felid and rare canid populations worldwide.
Related bills: H.R.1913, S.1033
Source: Great Cats and Rare Canids Act (H.R.1464) 07-H1464 on Mar 9, 2007
Grants for beach water pollution under Clean Water Act.
Saxton co-sponsored grants for beach water pollution under Clean Water Act
Beach Protection Act of 2008 - Amends the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (popularly known as the Clean Water Act) to include among eligible grant activities the development and implementation of programs for source tracking, sanitary surveys, and prevention efforts to address the identified sources of beach water pollution. Requires grant recipients to identify:
the use of a rapid testing method;
measures for communication within 24 hours of the results of a water sample concerning pollutants to specified officials with authority to require the prevention or treatment of the sources of beach water pollution;
measures to develop and implement a beach water pollution source identification and tracking program for the coastal recreation waters that are not meeting applicable water quality standards for pathogens; and
a publicly accessible and searchable global information system database with information updated within 24 hours of its availability, organized by beach and with defined standards, sampling plan, monitoring protocols, sampling results, and number and cause of beach closing and advisory days.
Legislative Outcome: Related bills: H.R.2537, S.1506. Senate Reports: 110-414.
Source: Beach Protection Act (S.2844) 08-S2844 on Apr 10, 2008
Strengthen prohibitions against animal fighting.
Saxton co-sponsored strengthening prohibitions against animal fighting
Sen. CANTWELL. I reintroduce today the Animal Fighting Prohibition Enforcement Act of 2007. This legislation has won the unanimous approval of the Senate several times, but unfortunately has not yet reached the finish line.
There is no doubt, animal fighting is terribly cruel. Dogs and roosters are drugged to make them hyper-aggressive and forced to keep fighting even after suffering severe injuries such as punctured eyes and pierced lungs. It's all done for "entertainment" and illegal gambling. Some dogfighters steal pets to use as bait for training their dogs, while others allow trained fighting dogs to roam neighborhoods and endanger the public.
The Animal Fighting Prohibition Enforcement Act will strengthen current law by making the interstate transport of animals for the purpose of fighting a felony and increase the punishment to three years of jail time. This is necessary because the current misdemeanor penalty has proven ineffective--considered a "cost of doing business" by those in the animal fighting industry which continues unabated nationwide.
These enterprises depend on interstate commerce, as evidenced by the animal fighting magazines that advertise and promote them. Our bill also makes it a felony to move cockfighting implements in interstate or foreign commerce. These are razor-sharp knives known as "slashers" and ice pick-like gaffs designed exclusively for cockfights and attached to the birds' legs for fighting.
This is long overdue legislation. It's time to get this felony animal fighting language enacted. It's time for Congress to strengthen the federal law so that it can provide as a meaningful deterrent against animal fighting. Our legislation does not expand the federal government's reach into a new area, but simply aims to make current law more effective. It is explicitly limited to interstate and foreign commerce, so it protects states' rights in the two states where cockfighting is still allowed. Source: Animal Fighting Prohibition Enforcement Act (S.261/H.R.137) 2007-S261 on Jan 4, 2007
Click here for a profile of Jim Saxton.
Click here for HouseMatch answers by Jim Saxton.
Click here for a summary of Jim Saxton's positions on all issues.
Click here for a summary of Jim Saxton's positions on the AmericansElect.org quiz.
Click here for issue positions of other NJ politicians.
2012 Governor, House and Senate candidates on Environment: Jim Saxton on other issues:
NJ Gubernatorial:
NJ Senatorial:
Frank Lautenberg
Robert Menendez
WI-2:Tammy Baldwin(D) 2011-2012 Special Elections:
CA-36:Jane Harman(D)
CA-36:Janice Hahn(D)
NV-2:Dean Heller(R)
NV-2:Mark Amodei(R)
NY-9:Anthony Weiner(D)
NY-26:Chris Lee(R)
NY-26:Kathleen Hochul(D)
OR-1:David Wu(D)
OR-1:Suzanne Bonamici(D)
CA-18:Elton Gallegly(R)
CA-24:Dennis Cardoza(D)
TX-20:Charles Gonzalez(D) Abortion
NJ politicians
[Title9]


After nearly 16 months behind bars, trade union leaders Nurbek Kushakbaev and Amin Eleusinov are finally back home with their families in western Kazakhstan.
Nurbek Kushakbaev handcuffed in an Astana court. Astana, April 7, 2017.
Kushakbaev and Eleusinov were arrested on January 20 last year after participating in a peaceful workers' protest against the unjustified forced closure of the country's main independent union group, the Confederation of Independent Trade Unions of Kazakhstan (KNPRK). Early last month, courts granted Kushakbaev and Eleusinov parole, and they were released from prison two weeks later.
Kazakhstan has long violated workers' rights, but the government is gaining a reputation at the international level for cracking down on freedom of association in the workplace and the right to organize – rights enshrined in key conventions of the International Labour Organization (ILO), to which Kazakhstan is party.
The trade unionists' release on parole coincided with a high-level mission to Kazakhstan by the ILO, which in 2017 criticized the country's "persistent lack of progress" in addressing worker abuses and demanded the Kazakh government take steps to improve, including amending the country's restrictive 2014 trade union law and letting the KNPRK go about its work in peace. But so far Kazakhstan has taken no meaningful steps to address these, or other, violations noted by the ILO.
And the ILO is not the only body that's voiced its concerns. Last December, the European Parliament condemned the forced closure of KNPRK and urged Kazakhstan to revise its problematic trade union and labor laws. The United States Trade Representative is set to review Kazakhstan's labor rights record later this month too.
If the US trade representative finds that Kazakhstan is violating internationally protected workers' rights (which it should, given Kazakhstan's track record), Kazakhstan could lose more than just its reputation. Such a decision would have significant financial consequences for Kazakhstan, as the outcome could affect duty-free trade Kazakhstan currently enjoys with the US.
The Kazakh authorities should now have Kushakbaev's and Eleusinov's convictions quashed and lift the ongoing restrictions on their engagement in trade union activism – as well as those imposed on KNPRK President Larisa Kharkova. It should also reform its deeply flawed trade union law, as the ILO has been demanding for four years.
This would help the country shed its terrible reputation for labor rights, but also be the right thing to do for workers across Kazakhstan.


"How Do I Make My Writing Feel More Personal?"
Today's episode of "Ask The Blue Penguin" takes a look at making your writing more personal. I'll share an easy tip that you can use immediately!
Great tip! Just one suggestion: put the camera on a tripod next time. It felt just a tad wiggly to me. Otherwise, very wise.
Thanks, that's a great suggestion. Time, I suppose, to stop holding the thing in my hand and up the production value around here. Off in search of said tripod….
Good point, great tip, and I'd like to add that's it's really, really, really okay with me if a little humor is injected into the emails you're sending me (that is, the folks whose lists I'm subscribed to).


text:
E-mail nicholas.jason.lopez@gmail.com
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September 24, 2020 Nicholas Jason LopezLeave a Comment on Mos Generator Releases 'The Plundering Of The Vaults – Series One: The Vinyl Singles' Rarities Compilation
Mos Generator Releases 'The Plundering Of The Vaults – Series One: The Vinyl Singles' Rarities Compilation
*The Following Press Release Was Issued By Mettle Media PR*
MOS GENERATOR Releases 'The Plundering of the Vaults – Series One: The Vinyl Singles' Rarities Compilation!
Today brings news of a new MOS GENERATOR release, 'The Plundering of the Vaults – Series One: The Vinyl Singles,' a 16-song compilation straight from the Pacific Northwest heavy rock gurus themselves.
With their last lengthy tour completed in late 2018 (along with a short run of dates with Clutch in Fall 2019), MOS GENERATOR have spent the past 18 months completing many projects that were on the back burner due to their almost nonstop touring in recent years. The band has released a nearly overwhelming amount of music in those 18 months and they're nowhere near done yet.
'The Plundering of the Vaults – Series One: The Vinyl Singles' is a digital release strictly for the fans. A completely remastered set of rare tracks compiled from the band's lengthy list of limited vinyl singles that sold out long ago, to give all those who missed a chance at the vinyl a way to now own and hear these remarkable songs.
01. Gus's Boogie
02. Rebecca3
03. Step Up (demo)
04. Godhand Iommi
05. Lonely One Kenobi (single edit)
06. We're Gonna Groove (Live at Roadburn)
07. I Hate Myself and I Want to Die (Nirvana)
08. Downer Rock '89
09. Wicked Willow (version 1: demo)
10. Electric Mountain Majesty (acoustic)
11. VOL. 4 (Golden Pig Electric Blues Band)
12. Wroomb
13. Tracks (Tall Bodies) (Chelsea Wolfe)
14. Anthem (Rush)
15. Gamma / Hydra (demo)
16. The Dance of Red – a) The Dance of Maya b) Red (Mahavinshnu Orchestra / King Crimson)
Details on this first series and future plunderings comes from guitarist and vocalist Tony Reed:
"This is the first installment in a series of downloads that features rare, out of print, or unreleased Mos Generator music from the last 20 years. 'Series One: The Vinyl Singles' is a collection of all of the MG 7″ singles from 2007 – 2017, including the ultra rare Record Store Day 7″ and the equally rare Lathe cut single.
The next volumes in the series will more than likely be the 12" EPs and split releases, including the Electric/Nomads demos LP. Then studio tracks that have been added on to some of our re-issues as bonus tracks. After that, maybe more demos (there are tons!) and some live shows from 2001-2019. This is a lot of work, but I think it's great to have all of this material neatly cataloged and all in the same place.
We almost always put strange and unusual songs on our singles, so this is a very interesting ride. Each track also has detailed liner notes about the release that it came from. Nerd stuff."
'The Plundering of the Vaults – Series One: The Vinyl Singles' is out now
https://mosgenerator.bandcamp.com/
A sample of the past Mos Generator 7″ vinyl record releases…
Mos Generator formed during the winter of 2000, in Port Orchard, Washington from the ashes of a 10 year off-and-on collaboration between its original three members, all of whom were long time veterans of road and studio. The need to strip down to the basics of hard rock was apparent from the start and continues to be the foundation for all the band's recent material.
The discography of Mos Generator includes multiple studio albums, retrospective albums, live albums and a plethora of split 7″ and 12" singles on such labels as Listenable, Roadburn, Small Stone, Ripple, Nasoni, Lay Bare, Hevi Sike, H42, Devil's Child and Heavy Psych Sounds. Touring has been just as important to the profile of the band as making records has. Over the years, Mos Generator has shared the stage with many great heavy rock bands, including extensive tours with Saint Vitus, Fu Manchu, Elder, Spirit Caravan and Atomic Bitchwax, introducing a whole new fan base to the Mos Generator sound. Let's Rock 'N Roll!!
MOS GENERATOR
Jono Garrett – Drums
Tony Reed – Guitar, Vocals, Other Instruments
Sean Booth – Bass
https://www.facebook.com/MosGenerator/
https://www.instagram.com/mos_generator/
http://heavyheadsuperstore.storenvy.com/
https://open.spotify.com/artist/0gcOqdSb6A1JxpsmFjD3ec
Also check:
https://www.facebook.com/HHsupersession/
https://tonyreed1.bandcamp.com/
https://tonyreed.bandcamp.com/
https://twelvethirtydreamtime.bandcamp.com/
https://hotspringwater.bandcamp.com/
https://bigscenicnowhere.bandcamp.com/
https://turbidnorth.bandcamp.com/
Published by Nicholas Jason Lopez
Just a 28-year-old Brooklynite. Nothing more, nothing less. Currently a freelance journalist with two websites - Pro Wrestling Opinion and The Music Bugle - he has also been published on sites such as The Bensonhurst Bean, Sheepshead Bites, Review Fix, College University of New York Athletic Conference, Dying Scene, Brooklyn News Service, All Media NY, BrooklynFans.com and Yahoo Voices. He has also interned for The Home Reporter/Brooklyn Spectator based out of Brooklyn, NY.	View all posts by Nicholas Jason Lopez
Categories NewsTags Anthem, Atomic Bitchwax, Bandcamp, Chelsea Wolfe, Clutch, Compilation, Devil's Child, Downer Rock '89, Elder, Electric Mountain Majesty, Electric/Nomads, Facebook, Fu Manchu, Gamma/Hydra, Godhand Iommi, Golden Pig Electric Blues Band, Gus's Boogie, H42, Hard Rock, Heavy Psych Sounds, Heavy-Rock, Hevi Sike, I Hate Myself And I Want To Die, Instagram, Jono Garrett, King Crimson, Lathe, Lay Bare, Listenable, Lonely One Kenobi, Mahavishnu Orchestra, Mos Generator, Music News, Nasoni, New Release, Nirvana, Pacific Northwest, Port Orchard, Rebecca3, Red, Ripple, Roadburn, Rush, Saint Vitus, Sean Booth, Small Stone, Spirit Caravan, Spotify, Step Up, Tall Bodies, The Dance Of Maya, The Dance Of Red, The Plundering Of The Vaults - Series One: The Vinyl Singles, Tony Reed, Tracks, VOL. 4, Washington, We're Gonna Groove, Wicked Willow, Wroomb
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Abrupt and severe temperature changes do not affect porcelain enamels applied at normal thicknesses. Porcelain enamel's thermal properties are excellent in the range of temperature from below freezing to high heats. Because of this thermal stability and thermal shock resistance, porcelain enamel is a suitable coating for many heat-related applications. The thermal properties of porcelain enamel provide a coating that readily withstands the expansion and contraction of the base metal under changing temperature conditions.
Porcelain enamels and ceramic coatings-glass coatings for metal used for applications above 1000 degree F (538 degree C)-are noted for their ability to appreciably reduce the oxidation of base metals. As a result, they lower costs and improve performance in one or more of the following ways: (1) permit the use of less costly metal alloys without loss of performance; (2) extend base metal life; (3) increase the metal's maximum operating temperature, thereby improving the efficiency of operation. The ability of porcelain enamels and ceramic coatings to protect against oxidation is largely due to the fact that the coatings themselves are fully oxidized and do not undergo further oxidation at elevated temperatures. They also form an effective barrier to diffusion of oxygen. The protective ability of a porcelain enamel depends on the temperature at which it starts to soften and become more fluid (ordinarily at about 400 degree F (204 degree C) below firing temperature). However, special ceramic coatings designed to be effective above the firing temperature can protect metals from oxidation up to 2000 degree F (1093 degree C). Specially formulated porcelain enamel coatings resist the corrosive effects of acid and alkali solutions at the elevated temperatures required for many industrial processes and reactions. These coatings provide both protection of the metal and ease of cleaning. The smooth, abrasion resistant surfaces also allow for more efficient flow of fluids over the surfaces.
Porcelain enamels have the ability to withstand intermittent or prolonged heat without changing physical, chemical or appearance properties. The maximum temperature which a coating will withstand for extended periods is related to its firing temperature and its formulation. In general, the coating remains inert to a temperature about 400 degree F (204 degree C) below its firing temperature. The conventional firing temperatures using a steel substrate are from 1450 degree F to 1550 degree F (788 degree C to 843 degree C). Thus, the thermal stability of these coatings vary from 1050 degree F to 1150 degree F (566 degree C to 621 degree C). Of course, special formulations designed to fire at higher temperatures up to 1700 degree F (927 degree C) on steel can withstand proportionately higher temperatures for long service periods. When applied to an aluminum metal base, the usual firing temperature is in the 900 degree F to 1000 degree F (482 degree C to 538 degree C) range. Thus the temperature to which the coating can be subjected for prolonged periods is between 500 degree F and 600 degree F (260 degree C and 316 degree C). Above these temperatures, there may be some surface damage, such as crazing to the coating, but ordinarily the substrate remains protected. Special high temperature porcelain enamels and ceramic coatings can be engineered to take sustained heat from 1200 degree F to 2000 degree F (649 degree C to 1093 degree C).
Thermal shock resistance of a porcelain enamel varies inversely with its thickness. Thermal shock failure is caused by the rapid chilling of the surface. It manifests itself in a crack and occurs when the thermal gradient perpendicular to the surface is large enough to cause excessive differential shrinkage and tensile stress. Important considerations are the porcelain enamel's thickness and its coefficient of thermal expansion. Thermal shock resistance is also affected by the design and thickness of the part. Flexing of the metal due to localized thermal gradients parallel to the surface can produce bending and tensile stresses in the coating. Thus, any increase in the strength or rigidity of a part helps increase the coatings resistance to thermal shock. Most porcelain enamels applied at conventional thickness can be expected to take abrupt temperature drops of 200 degree F to 300 degree F (93 degree C to 149 degree C) without damage. Thinner coatings have a proportionately higher thermal shock resistance. Other things being equal, the best thermal shock resistance is achieved with coatings of 5-mils or less. Special ceramic coatings will successfully undergo repeated tests of heating to 1700 degree F (927 degree C) and quenching in water.
Emissivity is defined as the power of a surface to release heat by radiation. Porcelain enamels have high total emittance at high temperatures. The color of a porcelain enamel has practically no effect on total emittance at room temperature, but will have an effect at high temperatures. White porcelain enamels, for example, generally have lower emittance than black at high temperatures. A typical white porcelain enamel has low spectural emittance at short wavelengths of about 0.2 to 0.5 u. Spectural emittance increases as wavelength increases to about 5 u and remains high at all longer wavelengths. A black porcelain enamel has appreciably higher spectural emittance than a white one at short wavelengths; they are about the same at wavelengths longer than about 5 u.


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Jonathan Besser was born in New York City (1949). He studied composition in New York at the Mannes College of Music and with David Loeb. Resident in New Zealand since 1974,he has composed on commission for the New Zealand Symphony Orchestra, the Royal N.Z Ballet, Auckland Philharmonia, the Wellington Symphonia, and the New Zealand String Quartet (touring schools with them in 1994). Jonathan has led his own New Music groups, most notably the Besser Ensemble (1987-1997). He is also founding member of Free Radicals (electronic music) and Triphonics touring China with Triphonics in March 1996.His latest new performance group Bravura is performing his compositions around New Zealand and in Australia. Jonathan has created acoustic and electronic music in collaboration with leading writers, choreographers, musicians, visual artists and filmmakers. Those include Gaylene Preston, Mary Jane O'Reilly,Warwick Broadhead, Keri Hulme, Ross Harris, Michael Parmenter, Don McGlashan, Billy Apple and the Australian author Roger McDonald. He's composed original music for many film, radio, stage and TV productions.
Mr Darwin's Dances (ACD200)
Decadence (ACD409)
You Got Your Wish (ACD302)
Jonathan Besser is featured in the album Decadence (ACD409) as part of the ensemble Bravura .
Jonathan Besser is featured in the album You Got Your Wish (ACD302) as part of the ensemble Bravura .
Jonathan Besser performed with Bravura in the album Decadence (ACD 409)
Jonathan Besser performed with Bravura in the album You Got Your Wish (ACD 302)