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Tag: Betty Morgan Trice Burke
When I first started writing this blog, another family history researcher told me that people would prefer stories to my academic, footnoted, law-review-style crapola. In all fairness, she didn't expressly badmouth my articles. She didn't need to. The statement that people would prefer to read stories instead of, uh, whatever the heck my stuff might be, is about as subtle as the neon lights in Times Square, except less flattering.
In any event, I'm edging toward stories. Gradually. This post is about some relatives and ancestors who left Tennessee for Texas: two Trice brothers, a young male Burke, and a Trice widow with eight children. They all wound up in Waco, McLennan County, Texas. My original plan was to figure out the reason(s) they chose to migrate and craft a story with motivation as the unifying theme. I couldn't make it work due to lack of both imagination and descriptive skills. All of them apparently went to Texas looking for wide-open spaces and opportunities.
Now, see, that is exactly the sort of thing people say about Texas that makes everyone hate the place. Since I have already lit that fire, however, I'm going to fan the flames by carrying on about Texas for a bit before getting to the Trices and Burkes. Please stick with me, because there are a couple of anecdotes here that might count as stories. A cross-dressing Trice. A Burke with a pet wild turkey. Annoying quail. A bird dog named Navasota Shoals Jake. Also, some cool old photos.
At one time, it seemed like half of Tennessee was heading to Texas. In the period after Mexico became independent from Spain in 1821, more people migrated to Texas from Tennessee than from any other state. Cheap land was undoubtedly the big draw. I doubt anyone was enticed by the fact that every poisonous snake indigenous to North America has a home somewhere in Texas. All four types — rattlers, copperheads, water moccasins, and coral snakes — appear in Harrison County, the location of a summer camp I attended. Frankly, my mother was more difficult to cope with than the snakes, which have a live-and-let-live approach to coexistence. She was also a native Texan. I wonder if that is a non sequitur.
Some of the guys who died at the Alamo in 1836 were among the early wave of Tennessee migrants to Texas.[1] More than thirty Tennesseans fought there, including Davy Crockett.[2] He is the source of what may be the most fabulous sore loser quote in the entire history of American politics. Accepting his loss for a race for a congressional seat from Tennessee, he famously said, "You may all go to hell, and I will go to Texas." Unfortunately, that didn't work out well for him. John Wayne did OK.
The state has inspired other noteworthy quotes. Larry McMurtry (author of Lonesome Dove) said "Only a rank degenerate would drive 1,500 miles across Texas without eating a chicken fried steak."[3] Someone else said that, back in the covered wagon days, you could leave Beaumont with a newborn son and he would be in the third grade by the time you reached El Paso, which qualifies as primo Texas braggadocio.[4] A travel writer for some major newspaper voted Texas "the most irritating state." He didn't explain why, but it has a whiny undertone, don't you think? Traffic? Cedar pollen? Bless his heart.
In the same general spirit, two friends who live in California told me last week that they can't imagine how I tolerate living in Texas. That is both an uncanny coincidence — two people with the same observation — and less-than-fortuitous timing, since the western third of their state is under two feet of water and the eastern third is blanketed by six feet of snow. The California weather competes daily with the war in Ukraine for the lead story in the New York Times and Washington Post. The continuing deluges have given rise to a brand-spanking new meteorological term: "atmospheric river." And let's not forget earthquakes that can collapse double-decker freeways. No, thankee, I'll take the copperheads and humidity.
Back to Texas: the Alamo and the Battle of San Jacinto live on eternally in the hearts of some die-hard Texas natives, including Ida Burke Rankin, now deceased. Her only child had the misfortune to be born in northwest Louisiana, just twenty-seven miles from the border of the promised land. The kid lost count of how many times Ida reminded her to "REMEMBER THE ALAMO!!!! Approximately fifteen minutes after her husband's Shreveport funeral, Ida packed up and moved back to Texas. Her grandfather Burke had married a Trice. Both are featured in this narrative, eventually.
Sam Houston was undoubtedly the most famous Tennessee migrant to Texas, having become governor of the state. His reputation was launched by a decisive victory at the Battle of Jan Jacinto, where he commanded the Texian forces.[5] Texans later marked the battlefield with a monumental obelisk and stationed the Battleship Texas nearby, just in case Mexico had notions of a rematch. The San Jacinto monument is ten or eleven feet taller than the Washington monument. That was surely no accident, and is yet another in the endless list of reasons why everyone hates Texas. Besides which, ours has a 220-ton star on top.[6]
The Trices and Burkes played in vastly different ballparks than General Houston, of course, being pretty much forgotten to history except perhaps in Waco. The ones featured in this article left Wilson County, Tennessee at different times, although they undoubtedly knew each other's families. Both the Trices and Burkes owned land on Spring Creek, a lovely little arm of the Cumberland River nestled among gently rolling hills on the south side of the river.
The first two Trices to arrive in Texas, so far as I know, were the brothers William Berry Trice and Sion B. Trice. They arrived in 1853. Here is what a local history book says about Berry:[7]
He "was born in Wilson county, Tennessee, in the year 1834. His father was a substantial farmer, but never accumulated much property. He was deprived of the advantage of an early training, and never attended school a day in his life."
"Substantial farmer," what hooey! Berry undoubtedly contributed that fiction. Truth is, the Wilson County Trices were basically subsistence farmers, as were the Burkes. Neither family accumulated any property other than the land they farmed. Berry's biography continues:
"In the year 1853 he was convinced beyond a doubt that a good future awaited him, and wanting more latitude for his operations, he concluded to go west. He left home with thirty-five dollars, and accomplished, in forty-seven days, what very few young men would have thought of undertaking — a journey on foot from Wilson county, Tennessee, to Waco, Texas. He walked the entire distance. Immediately after his arrival here, instead of seeking the shade and waiting for something to turn up, he hired himself to drive a wagon at $12.50 per month."
The article doesn't say so, but my family oral history is that Berry's brother Sion accompanied Berry on the walk to Texas, a distance of more than 800 miles. Their parents, Edward and Lilly Smith Trice, were still alive when they left. I'm betting Berry and Sion weren't waiting around for a substantial inheritance, which — as it turns out — wasn't in the offing. Edward and Lilly had nine children, including Berry, Sion, and my great-great grandfather Charles Foster Trice.
Berry and Sion were involved in the construction of the famous Brazos River bridge in Waco – the first suspension bridge west of the Mississippi[8] (more Texas braggadocio). Trice Brothers Brick and J. W. Mann did the brick work for the bridge, furnishing two million, seven hundred thousand bricks.[9] Berry and Sion became rich as sin in the process, ensuring funding for some impressive Trice monuments in Waco's old Oakwood Cemetery.
Before making a fortune in bricks, Berry drove a wagon, cut and split rails, and worked in a sawmill. He was elected constable in 1855 and Justice of the Peace eight years later. When he was elected constable, he couldn't even write his name.[10] His second wife was the widow of a former sheriff named Alf Twaddle, possibly the worst surname on the planet.
In the 1860 and 1870 census, Berry described himself as a "brick maker." By 1880, he was a "farmer and banker." At Berry's death, he was president of Waco National Bank; he was then, or had been, a director. He was, according to The Handbook of Waco, "one of the wealthiest men in our community." He owned five farms, although I am confident there was no dirt under his fingernails. Nor did Berry miss any meals: he weighed over 400 pounds when he died.[11] The local history book describes him colorfully:
" … Not only is he of great weight in financial circles, but his ponderosity amounts to four hundred and twenty-five pounds, and, in physique, he possesses more latitude and longitude than any man in the county. He is … surrounded with all the conveniences and comforts of life."
Ponderosity! I am embarrassed for whoever wrote that. With respect to the comforts of life, the inventory of Berry's estate included, among many other things, a telescope, a piano, and a gold-headed cane. In the hundreds of estate inventories I've seen, that is the one and only telescope.
I'm not sure what Sion did before he and Berry founded the Trice Brothers Brick Yard, or how much he weighed. He is also buried in the Oakwood Cemetery along with more Trices and Trice in-laws than I can count. There is a telling slip of paper among Sion's probate records describing expenses incurred on behalf of his two daughters: a receipt for "tuition in music to Misses Beaulah and Hattie Trice from Apr. 18 to Oct 1st 1879 … 5 months at $10 per month."[12] Sion wasn't nearly as famous as Berry, but he clearly didn't want for anything, either.
Coincidentally — or not — the first Burke who appeared in Waco found a temporary home with Berry Trice. William "Burks" was listed in the 1880 census in Berry's household. He was twenty at the time. Farmer was his stated occupation, although I suspect he left Tennessee at least in part to escape farming. His full name was William Logan Burke, the first of a fistful of men in my family with that name.[13] He was my great-grandfather and the eldest son of Logan (full name Esom Logan Burke) and Harriet Munday Burke. Logan and Harriett also owned land on Spring Creek in Wilson County. I'm not sure exactly when William Logan Burke left home, but I'm afraid he bailed out on his widowed mother and four underage siblings after their father died. When Logan died in 1877, his eldest son was still only seventeen. I would bet he was still at home, though I have no evidence. By 1880, he was in Waco.
The first William Logan Burke wasn't a farmer for long. He became "one of the early Sheriffs" of McClennan County, then a U.S. Marshall or Assistant Marshall. Owing to the plethora of men sharing his name among my Burke relatives, we call the first WLB "the Sheriff." I know virtually nothing about him except that he was often absent from home. His daughter-in-law (Ida Huenefeld/Hannefield Burke) explained his frequent absences like so: "he was out chasing outlaws." Here is a formal portrait of him, the only good likeness I have. Too bad he wasn't wearing a badge.
The Sheriff married a Trice, although not one of the rich ones. She belonged to the third set of my family's Tennessee migrants to Waco: Elizabeth (Betty) Morgan Trice. Her parents, Charles Foster Trice and Mary Ann Powell, also lived on Spring Creek in Wilson County. Foster was a blacksmith. Mary Ann was a quick-thinking lady who once outfitted him in a woman's dress and bonnet, sitting him in a rocking chair in front of the fireplace, peeling potatoes, just before Union Army "recruiters" came to call.
Spring Creek wasn't kind to Foster. He died in 1881 in a cave-in of the creek bank. There was a coroner's inquest into his death, which was ruled an accident.[14] His land had to be sold because his personal estate was inadequate to pay debts. Foster didn't make it to Waco, but his widow Mary Ann and eight children moved there some time between 1881 and 1886.
Mary Ann is buried in Waco's Oakwood Cemetery along with the other Trices, Betty and the Sheriff, and Ida Hannefield Burke's parents Ella Adalia Maier and John Henry Hannefield. Mary Ann died in 1928, when her great-granddaughter Ida Burke was eighteen. Ida heard the potato-peeling-dress-wearing story directly from the horse's mouth, so to speak.
Mary Ann's daughter Betty Morgan Trice Burke was a tiny redhead who could, according to my grandmother, "hold her liquor like a man." Her only surviving child, the second William Logan Burke, was a dead ringer for his mother. Here she is, in a fabulous dress featuring elaborate ribbon trim, a brooch at her neck, and a fancy watch pinned to the dress.
The Sheriff died of tuberculosis in 1899, when the second William Logan Burke was eleven. The Sheriff's widow, Betty Trice Burke, married a kind man named Sam Whaley in 1906, although she had been ill for a good while. She died just a few months after she married Sam, when her son was eighteen. Her obituary mentions both the Trice family's elevated status in the community and the Sheriff. Her memorial in Oakwood Cemetery, a flat marker, is considerably more modest than Berry's.
She had four children, but only one — her spitting image, my grandfather — survived her. Here he is as a young man:
"Gramps," we cousins called him, was a genuine, Grade-A, certified Texas character, born in Waco in 1888. He went by W. L., or just "Billie." I adored him, and vice versa. He taught me how to shoot a BB gun at a moving target by hanging the lid of a Folger's can on a string from a tree branch. He gave me a fishing rod and reel, never used in my non-fishing family. Every time my grandparents came to Shreveport, he brought me some kind of critter. Baby chickens. Baby ducks. Goldfish. Once, he brought a pair of quail for which my father built a fabulous cage. Unfortunately, they launched into their "bob-WHITE!" calls each day at sunrise. They have surprisingly good lungs for such small birds. Neighbors registered complaints. One night, the quail mysteriously "escaped." My father often said that he fully expected his father-in-law to bring me an elephant one day.
Sometime in the 1950s, Gramps had a pet wild turkey named Clyde. I am not making this up. When we were visiting my grandparents in Houston, we would all sit outside after dinner in those old uncomfortable slatted metal chairs when it was nice outside, meaning anything over 70 degrees. No air-conditioning in the 1950s. Clyde would sit on the arm of Gramps's chair and apparently enjoy the conversation, looking at whomever was talking. Once, when we were driving back to Houston from Fredericksburg, Gramps abruptly pulled the car over to the side of the road beside a sorghum field, saying "I'm gonna get some of that good milo maize for my turkey." Whereupon he climbed over the barbed-wire fence and grabbed a handful. My grandmother didn't bat an eye, having known him since they were teenagers. I don't know what became of Clyde, but I know he was spoiled rotten.
Gramps was a polo player and, after he was too old to play, a referee; a hunter who raised bird dogs, including a prizewinner named "April Showers;" a fisherman; and a spinner of tall tales. One of them made it into either the Houston Chronicle or the Post, I don't know which. Granny cut it out and mailed it to my mother, with a penciled note saying "Your daddy in print with a big one." It was in a column titled "The Outdoor Sportsman" by Bill Walker. Here is a transcription:
"A roaring gas flame in the big brick fireplace in the Cinco Ranch clubhouse warmed the spacious room and the several members of the Gulf Coast Field Trial Club who gathered there for coffee Saturday morning before the first cast in the shooting dog stake.
"Usually when veteran field trial followers get together the conversations turns to great dogs of yesteryears and this group was no exception.
"W. L. "BILLY" BURKE related one about an all-time favorite of ours — Navasota Shoals Jake.
"Burke and the late W. V. Bowles, owner of Ten Broeck's Bonnett and Navasota Shoals Jake, were hunting birds in the Valley on one of those rare hot and sultry winter mornings. Jake pointed a covey several hundred yards from the two men and out in the open.
"BOWLES suggested they take their time approaching the pointing dog, since he was known to be very trustworthy. When the two hunters did not immediately move to Jake, the dog broke his point, backed away to the cool shade of a nearby tree and again pointed the birds.
"THE COVEY was still hovering in a briar thicket when Bowles and Burke arrived. Navasota Shoals Jake was still on point.
Here is Gramps in his 60s as a polo referee:
I should probably also include a picture or two of his daughter, Ida Burke Rankin, the die-hard Texan who admonished me to "Remember the Alamo!" They wouldn't let women play polo in her day, of course, although I am confident she would have beat the heck out of everyone. Undoubtedly to show them, whoever "they" were, she used to ride her father's polo ponies like a bat out of hell whenever she thought he wouldn't find out. She once fell off on a blacktop road and said she couldn't sit down for three days. She claims Gramps never knew, but I'll bet he did. He was nobody's fool.
And one more, when I was about three:
Next, I might have to write about Granny, a character in her own right.
[1] Here is a link to an article about the Battle of the Alamo by the reputable Texas State Historical Association, complete with images of Davy Crockett, William Barrett Travis, and James Bowie. https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/alamo-battle-of-the
[2] There were either 31 or 32 or Tennesseans at the Alamo. An authoritative list has the same name twice, and it is unclear whether those names represent one or two men. See the list at this link: https://www.historicunioncounty.com/article/tennesseans-who-died-alamo
[3] For the record, 1,500 miles exaggerates both the length or width of Texas. It is 827 miles from Beaumont to El Paso on I-10, and about 850 from Texhoma, OK, on the OK-TX panhandle border, to McAllen on the Rio Grande. This is another reason people hate Texans: bragging about how big the state is.
[4] The math doesn't audit on that bit of hyperbole, either. If mules or horses walk at 3 mph for 8-hour days, the journey would surely take less than six months even with interruptions.
[5] Here is a link to an article about the Battle of San Jacinto. It also has a fabulous picture of the San Jacinto monument. https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/san-jacinto-battle-of
[6] See a closeup of the star and a photo of the monument here: https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/san-jacinto-monument-and-museum
[7] John Sleeper and J.C. Hutchins, The Handbook of Waco and McLennan County, Texas (Waco: Texian Press, 1972), article titled "William B. Trice."
[8] Here is a photograph of the bridge, now a pedestrian walkway. https://www.loc.gov/resource/highsm.29747/?r=-0.163,-0.02,1.362,0.789,0
[9] Id., article titled "The Waco Suspension Bridge."
[10] Id., Trice article.
[11] John M. Usry, early Waco Obituaries 1874 -1908 (Waco: Central Texas Genealogical Society, 1980), citing the July 16, 1884 issue of the Waco Daily Examiner at p. 2 col. 5, obituary of W. B. (Berry) Trice.
[12] Probate packet #671 at the courthouse in Waco, McLennan Co., TX.
[13] William Logan Burke, the escapee from Tennessee, was the first with that name. His only surviving child, my grandfather, was also William Logan Burke, who went by "W.L." or just "Billie." His only son was the third William Logan Burke, who was called Bill, or "the Kid" in his polo playing days. Bill's elder son was known as "Little Bill." He went by William Logan Burke III, although he was actually the fourth in the line. Little Bill's brother Frank, who just goes by Burke, gave one of his sons that name. That makes five. My elder son's name, by the way, is William Burke Willis, in honor of my wonderful grandfather.
[14] Tennessee State Library and Archives, Wilson Roll # B-1407, County Clerk (Loose Records Project) Box 59, Fld. 20 – Box 60, Fld 13. Vol: 1742-1962. This film contains Box 59, Folder 22, which contains an inquest into the death of C. F. Trice. I have a copy around here somewhere …
Author Robin WillisPosted on January 16, 2023 January 17, 2023 Categories Articles, Burke Articles, Trice ArticlesTags Berry Trice, Betty Morgan Trice Burke, Charles Foster Trice, Edward Trice, Ida Burke Rankin, Ida Louise Hannefield Burke, Lillie Smith trice, Mary Ann Powell Trice, Sion Trice, William Logan Burke6 Comments on Tennessee-Texas migrants, including some Trices and Burkes


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text:
Cognos enters the Web services arena
Victoria Berry
Ottawa-based Cognos Inc. is jumping into the Web services fray with the recent announcement of Cognos Web Services.
This integration platform extends Cognos Series 7 business intelligence (BI) to other applications and environments. Using XML and SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol), the toolkit allows enterprises to integrate Cognos into Web, vertical market and wireless applications, according to the company. It takes information from Cognos services and translates it to XML, then another translator is put on top of the XML to bring Cognos to other applications.
Colin Saravanamuttoo, product marketing manager for Cognos in Ottawa, said the product started out as a mobile application project.
"Wireless and Web services often go hand in hand. Everyone wants to have wireless play," he said. "The wireless side is always of great interest, but not the greatest uptake."
Customers wanted to extend Cognos services to other applications, according to Saravanamuttoo. After it looked at ways to solve this business problem, the company decided the Web services offered the best solution.
He stressed that this toolkit is using industry standards, so it does not require people to learn new skills to use it.
In addition, Cognos will team with Macromedia to combine Cognos Web Services with Macromedia Inc.'s Flash to provide responsive, "desktop-like" applications for delivering customized BI visualizations and reports.
Companies will be able to integrate reporting capabilities from Cognos, as opposed to developing reporting functionality from the ground up, into an existing application, Saravanamuttoo said.
"It's all about taking information from many different sources and linking it all together … extending business intelligence throughout the organization, putting business intelligence on as many desks as possible," Saravanamuttoo said.
"If you can pick and choose the functionality you need and embed it in an existing application … you're going to have a much greater opportunity for people to use business intelligence. You will have greater uptake because it is so seamless."
Shannon Ryan, president of Ottawa-based non-linear creations Inc., an application development firm that specializes in Web content, said Cognos may be leaping into Web services before IT departments are ready.
"I don't see a lot of buying yet. People are cutting costs," he said.
But Peter Pawlak, lead analyst for server applications at Kirkland, Wash.-based Directions on Microsoft, which covers all aspects of Microsoft publishing, said the time has come for companies to start producing enterprise applications for Web services.
The first phase of Web services is the means for doing enterprise application integration (EAI), according to Pawlak.
"Cognos has had BI products on the market for some time now, but they haven't been able to integrate. So this product fits in to EAI really well," he said, adding companies have shown that they are ready to buy these types of applications.
"Anytime they can find a way to gain competitive advantage, companies are not that short on budget that they won't jump on technology that creates an enabling situation like this," Pawlak said.
Cognos Web Services will support Unix and Microsoft platforms. It will also give users the ability to extend Cognos capabilities into .Net and J2EE.
The product allows for content from a Cognos application to be displayed in a custom fashion, within an existing user interface. BI functionality can then be added to existing portals, the company said.
– With files from IDG News Service
Basic features of Cognos Web Services
Fully documented, open XML API with support for industry-standard Web protocols
Full integration with Cognos business intelligence servers, Web portal, and security service
Firewall compatible
Complete visual test studio environment for testing and verifying applications
Sponsor: EDC
Create a Unique Selling Proposition for Your Global Market
Emerging Tech Microsoft
World handheld shipments fail to ignite
Bell Mobility launches 1X handheld device
Microsoft Teams gets new features, now has 13 million daily active users
Microsoft announces AI for Good funding for University of Waterloo
Microsoft announces Soundscape audio navigation app in Canada
Salesforce finally acquires Tableau for $15.7B

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
{ "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoline", "ids": "Q27956949", "properties": { "stroke": "#3b78cb", "stroke-width": 1 } }
Das Réservoir Manic 2 ist ein Stausee in der kanadischen Provinz Québec.

Lage
Das Réservoir Manic 2 liegt in der Region Côte-Nord, rund 25 Kilometer nordwestlich von Baie-Comeau. Seine Fläche beträgt bei Vollstau 114 km².

Der Damm Barrage Manic-2 staut bei () den Rivière Manicouagan sowie dessen Nebenfluss Rivière Toulnustouc auf. Das zugehörige Wasserkraftwerk Jean-Lesage besitzt eine Leistung von 1145 MW, die Fallhöhe beträgt 70,11 Meter. Es ist seit 2010 nach Jean Lesage, einem früheren Premierminister Québecs, benannt. Der frühere Name des Kraftwerks lautete Manic-2.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
 Réservoir Manic 2 bei Natural Resources Canada

Stausee in Nordamerika
Talsperre in Kanada
See in Québec
SManic 2, Reservoir
Bauwerk in Québec
Erbaut in den 1960er Jahren
Stausee in Kanada
Côte-Nord

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Is Microsoft Sneaking Win 10 onto Your Computer?
Some people are having the Windows 10 upgrade pushed to their computers without them actually accepting it, so what's going on?
Microsoft are treating the Win 10 Upgrade as a recommended update for people who reserved a copy.
If you reserved a copy of Windows 10 and your Windows Updates are set to automatically download and install Recommended updates then Microsoft are taking that as a green light to install the upgrade – and if your computer is not ready that can be a big problem.
If you aren't ready for the Upgrade just yet we'd recommend that you check your Microsoft Updates status, and cancel your Win 10 reservation.
Simple instructions for people who'd like to remove the Win 10 icon from the computers, and stop it from coming back.
I thought I'd have a play with one of the new Windows 10 machines and let people know how it feels for a regular Win 7 user to be dropped into the deep end of Win 10.
Win10 free upgrade – Deal or No Deal?
Microsoft are offering Windows 10 as a free upgrade for anyone who's currently using Windows 7 Service Pack 1 or Windows 8.1. The download will be available in Australia from 29th July 2015, but a lot of people are worried about whether it will be safe.
The Death of XP – Do I really need to Upgrade XP?
A lot of people are starting to feel the pinch after XP's expiry last year, so we thought we'd discuss what the expiry means and how it might affect you.
The extended support on WINXP finished on the 8th April 2014. Aside from not getting any more Microsoft updates… nothing much happened.
The problems are starting to mount up now, though, because XP users can't get updates from any of their OTHER software packages.
What sort of problems will XP users encounter?
Do you switch off in a storm? Computers and Storm Damage.
A few things you may not know about computers and lightning.
Lightning strike over our neighbours roof in a storm!
It doesn't have to be YOUR house that's struck by lightning.


Levels of Hexavalent Chromium exceed new state standards.
The City of Davis Public Works Department (DPWD) recently announced that the local water was below drinking water standards. The reason can be directed to the high levels of chromium-6, or hexavalent chromium (HC), that was discovered in the Davis water supply.
According to Stan Gryczko, assistance public works director at the DPWD, this violation of standards is due mainly to a change in the law rather than the water content itself.
According to a notice put out by the City of Davis, exposure to high levels of HC may have health risks.
"There are not immediate risks for hexavalent chromium above the standards; however, […] some people who [drink the water containing chromium-6] over many years can have an increased risk of getting cancer," Gryczko said.
Gryczko adds that there are also negligible environmental risks because it is a naturally occurring element. Despite the relatively low risk of the chemical, the city has plans to meet the standards set by the state.
The project is expected to be completed by Jan. 1, 2017, according to Richard Tsai, the senior utility resource specialist at the DPWD, in an email interview.
"New transmission mains will be constructed throughout the City to deliver a blend of surface water and groundwater from wells that currently meet the new MCL [maximum contaminant levels]. Until [the project is completed], the city will operate wells that exceed the new MCL only as required to meet water system demand and will continue to test levels as required," Tsai said in the email.
Many apartment complexes in Davis have been required to inform their tenants of the contaminated water.
"We had to post notices on all the tenant's doors stating that there is Chromium 6 in the water and what level it is at," said James Latch, Community Manager at Allegre Apartments in south Davis said.
According to Latch, there has not been an extreme resident response yet.
"I haven't had anyone come forward asking about it, it wasn't anything that was considered alarming [for the residents or management]," Latch said.


Clermont-Ferrand (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Département du Puy-de-Dôme, France) is located in CEST (Europe/Paris) time zone. Difference to Greenwich mean time in hours: GMT+2. Current local time in Clermont-Ferrand is: 6:15 am Saturday, April 20, 2019 [info].
- Previous DST changes: The timezone Europe/Paris switched to DST on Sunday, 31 March 2019 (2:00 AM). New GMT offset GMT+2 hour(s). The time was set +1h.
- Next DST changes: The timezone Europe/Paris switches to standard time on Sunday, 27 October 2019 (3:00 AM). New GMT offset will be GMT+1 hour(s). Clocks will be set -1h.


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Avery Williamson On Pittsburgh: 'I Do Love It Here' But 'Not Sure What'll Happen In Free Agency'
Posted on December 29, 2020 at 7:30 am
The Pittsburgh Steelers have given up a fifth-round pick for two years in a row now in order to acquire a player during a season who was in the final year of his contract. Last year, they sent a pick to the Seattle Seahawks in order to bring in tight end Nick Vannett after Xavier Grimble was injured.
There was an assumption that they would strongly look into retaining him beyond the 2019 season, but not only did that no happen, Vannett ended up having some unsavory things to say about his time within the organization. This was in spite of the fact that he spoke well of the time during his stay here.
Pittsburgh sent a pick over to the New York Jets earlier this year in order to bring in veteran linebacker Avery Williamson, and due to injuries, he has had to hold a starting role over the course of the past three weeks, even if that is not something that he has been unfamiliar with.
Like Vannett, he is in the final year of his contract, meaning that he will be an unrestricted free agent in 2021, but will the Steelers even try to re-sign him? Vince Williams is still under contract for next year, and Devin Bush will be back from his knee injury. Robert Spillane among others also figure to return.
Whether or not it makes sense for both sides to return, he has been enjoying his time here. "I definitely feel like I'm fitting in very well", he told reporters on Monday. "I feel like the guys have definitely been supportive since day one. It really helps when you get out there and really start making some big plays with them, that's really fun".
"Not sure what'll happen in free agency, you just never can tell with that, but just go out there and keep making plays", he added. "It's all I can do, and just continue to help this team to win. I do love it here, man. It's awesome. So we'll just see what happens in the offseason".
Williamson signed a three-year contract with the Jets in 2018 worth $22.5 million, including $16 million guaranteed. That was too rich for Pittsburgh's blood at the time, even though they were interested. For eight games in 2020, he is on the books for a little under $1.5 million.
Unless he signs a rather cheap deal after finding that he doesn't have a free agency market, it's hard to see Williamson back in Pittsburgh, given that they still have their top three players at the position expected to be back next year.
Considering the fact that others such as Jon Bostic and Mark Barron have been able to find new deals elsewhere after being released by the Steelers in recent years, it's not exactly a stretch to speculate that he will find a market that will pay him beyond Pittsburgh's realistic or practical means of paying him, short of releasing Williams, which would not be a move they would make just to bring him back, but he's already proven his worth this year filling in when they were desperate for any help they could get.
Related Items:Avery Williamson
Steelers Wild Card Game Stock Report – Who's Up, Who's Down?
Steelers 2021 Free Agency Primer: Unrestricted Free Agents – Defense
Steelers Plan To Play Williams, Williamson, And Spillane Tonight


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Four in Ten US Businesses Hit By Ransomware In Past 12 Months
By cineramaAugust 7, 2016Bitcoin Business
Ransomware developers are always one step ahead of security researchers these days. Not only in the way their software works, but also how they target potential victims. American businesses are seeing an influx in ransomware attacks all of a sudden. More particularly, company executives are a prime target for ransom are right now.
While nearly nine in ten ransomware attacks are targeting hospitals these days, corporations are not out of the woods just yet. A new study unveiled how 40% of businesses investigated had dealt with ransomware attacks in the past twelve months. That is a rather surprising number, and it looks like the attacks are only becoming more frequent as well.
SME's Often Hit By Ransomware In The Past Year
Most people assume individual users are the primary target for ransomware attacks, but that is far from the case. In fact, individual users are far less popular among ransomware distributors these days, even though they are more likely to pay the ransom fee in Bitcoin. But by going after hospitals and corporations, more lucrative targets are being created.
Mainly small to medium business owners are facing a lot of malware attacks as of late. What is more worrisome is how all of these attacks come with a timer, and if the money is not paid in time, the ransom fee will only increase. In most cases, it makes more sense to pay up the fee rather than attempting to get rid of this threat through regular means.
Depending on how much ransom is demanded, companies are often rather quick with their payments. A few hundred dollars is a cost that can easily be written off. When things show five digit ransom demands, however, the situation becomes entirely different all of a sudden. In fact, 1% of attacks saw a demand of US$150,000 to be paid in Bitcoin.
To make matters worse, it is becoming increasingly easy to purchase ransomware source code from the deep web. Some versions are available for as little as US$39, and cause severe damage to computer networks. Moreover, paying a ransom demand makes targets more vulnerable to future attacks by different internet criminals.
While nearly nine in ten ransomware attacks are targeting hospitals these days, corporations are not out of the woods just yet. A new study unveiled how 40% of businesses investigated had dealt with ransomware attacks in the past twelve months. That is a rather surprising number, and it looks like the attacks are only becoming more frequent as well. SME's Often Hit By Ransomware In The Past Year
Most people assume individual users are the primary target for ransomware attacks, but that is far from the case. In fact, individual users are far less popular among ransomware distributors these days, even though they are more likely to pay the ransom fee in Bitcoin . But by going after hospitals and corporations, more lucrative targets are being created.
Depending on how much ransom is demanded, companies are often rather quick with their payments. A few hundred dollars is a cost that can easily be written off. When things show five digit ransom demands, however, the situation becomes entirely different all of a sudden. In fact, 1% of attacks saw […]
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I've been reading a lot on this topic on the forum here, as well as in other places, not to mentioning contacting the support several times regarding this, but without getting a clear answer.
I've linked my Revolut card to my PayPal account and everything seemed perfect. I've withdrawn a small amount on Sunday, to the Revolut card, and didn't got anything in my account until now (2 days late), even though it says in PayPal that the transaction is completed.
I've withdrawn USD, which got converted to GBP, as a side note.
Revolut support told me that I will receive the money from PayPal, but as a refund from PayPal. This is definitely weird. It usually takes 3-5 days for this.
Am I missing out something? What's the best way to withdraw from PayPal to a Revolut card, if it's not like I did?
Is there some way to withdraw USD from PayPal and receive USD on Revolut, in order to avoid PayPal's conversion fees? Thanks!
In the PayPal settings you can select whether PayPal should do a conversion or not.
I eventually contacted PayPal regarding this and asked them to send USD to my Revolut card, instead of GBP.
As for the time required to get my money from PayPal to Revolut, it took around 4 days and I received them as a refund. Again, pretty weird, but the idea is that it works. Finally!
Hey did you withdraw money from paypal to your revolut mastercard or visa? And what is your residence country registered on paypal?
It's not that hard. You simply add your Revolut card into paypal and withdraw. It even works by adding your Revolut IBAN in PayPal.
Currently, PayPal only supports withdrawals to VISA cards but fortunately Revolut supports VISA virtual cards and you can withdraw money from PayPal to them.
PayPal - sends USD and transfers to GBP.
Revolut - I received GBP and they were transferred to EUR.
So my question is - how to not go through all these conversions and do a simple USD-USD or EUR-EUR withdraw?
PayPal supports bank accounts from outside the US. I have my ING and Revolut IBANs added in PayPal, aswell as both my plastic cards and I can withdraw without any issues. I live in Romania which is a EU member country without EUR currency. That's why I said it's very easy to use Revolut on PayPal but I understand if this is not the case for other people. I am actually surprised Romania is supported on both platforms, usually we are the last country where companies implement their services.
Again - everyone - the idea is that you need to contact PayPal and ask them to change the currency in which you want to receive money on your Revolut.
Initially, I was withdrawing USD and receiving GBP but contacted them regarding this matter and now I get USD.
Reading PayPal's community, I found other people with the same problem doing the same thing (contacting the support to change that for them). I've send an e-mail to the PayPal support earlier today and still waiting - will update with the progress.
No no the rules are different in each country. e.g. in the UK you can only withdraw to bank account, where as where you are based only to VISA cards.
I am from Croatia and I have two methods of withdrawal. To VISA card or to US bank account.
I had a similar issue with Stripe and escalated it eventually they told me to try it with a small amount and if it failed it would be returned to my account .


text:
Q: Scrolling an image in android I have an image in my application. But size of the image becomes larger for smaller screens. So I tried by adding scroll view for the image.
Code:
<ScrollView
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:scrollbarFadeDuration="10"
    android:scrollbarAlwaysDrawHorizontalTrack="true"
    android:scrollbarAlwaysDrawVerticalTrack="true" >

<ImageView
    android:id="@+id/imageView1"
    android:layout_width="400dp"
    android:layout_height="500dp"
    android:contentDescription="@string/image"
    android:layout_marginLeft="160dp"
    android:scrollbarThumbHorizontal="@id/imageView1"
    android:scrollbarThumbVertical="@id/imageView1"
    android:src="@drawable/abc" />

</ScrollView>

But this allows me to scroll in vertical direction only. Help me what do so that I can scroll the image in horizontal direction also.

A: A simple solution might be to scale the image to fit the the screen using scaleType. To include horizontal/vertical scrolling, take a look at this post.

A: You can use TouchImageView. This project adds touch functionality to android imageView. Scroll, pinchzoom etc.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


ABSTRACT - Typically, shopper typologies have been based on unidimensional motivations or on store attribute preferences. This research examines the utility of multidimensional shopping strategies as a basis for identifying shopper types. Six strategies for grocery shopping are delineated.
Joseph P. Guiltinan and Kent B. Monroe (1980) ,"Identifying and Analyzing Consumer Shopping Strategies", in NA - Advances in Consumer Research Volume 07, eds. Jerry C. Olson, Ann Abor, MI : Association for Consumer Research, Pages: 745-748.
Typically, shopper typologies have been based on unidimensional motivations or on store attribute preferences. This research examines the utility of multidimensional shopping strategies as a basis for identifying shopper types. Six strategies for grocery shopping are delineated.
The purpose of this study was to identify a typology of consumer grocery shopping strategies. Although the notion of shopper "types" is not new, prior typologies have been based either on unidimensional motivations, on store attribute preferences, or on shopping orientations. Our notion of shopping strategies is similar to the concept of brand choice strategies suggested by Wright (1975) and by Blattberg, (1976). Shopping strategies represent sets of activities that reflect the motives and decision processes governing shopping behavior. That is, shopping strategies represent the amount of external and internal search, the objectives of the search activity, and the planning activities prior to a shopping trip. This research focuses on grocery shopping behaviors. While grocery items are generally construed to be convenience goods, it is postulated that much shopping activity takes place when the shopping trip is used as the unit of analysis rather than the purchase of a particular item. Accordingly, this research was designed to identify: the basic grocery shopping strategies employed by consumers; and demographic, socio-economic, and ideal store attribute descriptors of such shopping strategies.
Most retail patronage behavior research has focused either on identifying correlates of various measures of store loyalty or on the use of store image and benefit analyses to predict store choice. Primarily, pre-purchase behavior has been equated with information search and research has focused on number of stores shopped, number of shopping trips, brands considered, product characteristics considered, number or types of information sought, or information sources used. Other activities such as planning and budgeting have rarely been included in such studies. While limited in that it understates the complexity of shopping behavior, much of this existing research evidence does suggest a number of testable hypotheses.
A natural outgrowth of interest in shopping motives is the attempt to classify shoppers according to motives. Both Stone (1954) and Kenny-Levick (1969) developed shopping typologies according to motives. Darden and Reynolds (1971) replicating Stone's research also classified shoppers into economic, personalizing, apathetic, and ethical types. Appel (1970) discovered innovative shoppers and conventional shoppers. Similarly, Tauber (1972) has suggested that people derive personal satisfactions from shopping and that these satisfactions compel some people to search for information or to visit several stores. Moschis (1976) discovered that different types of shoppers use different sources of information, trust sources of information differently, and have different preferences for information. That is, different types of shoppers have different shopping strategies and people with different life styles have different information needs. Similarly, Bucklin (1971) suggested that patronage habits and search orientation may be based on perceived household roles.
Other researchers have suggested a relationship between the extent of search and the perceived benefits of search. Bucklin (1966) hypothesized that the consumer will engage in information when: the cost of shopping is low; the buyer knows little about the product and the stores that sell it; and the value of the product is high. Katona and Mueller (1955) indicate that extended decision processes tend to occur when the buyer perceives shopping as enjoyable rather than burdensome. Farley (1964) and Nicosia (1966) suggested buyers balance perceived costs of search against perceived benefits of information. Image and benefit research claims that shoppers will consider shopping only in those stores where the store image is congruent with benefits or ideal attributes sought by the shopper (Doyle and Fenwick 1974; Calantone and Sawyer 1978; Stephenson 1969). But Carman (1969) has suggested that shoppers with the same desired benefits may pursue different shopping strategies to achieve these benefits. Monroe and Guiltinan (1975) suggest the propensity to engage in purchase planning, information search, and budgeting may be function of general opinions about the benefits of shopping.
Several researchers have included the concept of strategy in their investigations into information search and shopping behavior. Both Carman (1969) and Moschis (1976) related information search to shopping strategy. Shopping strategies represent sets of activities that reflect the motives and decision processes governing shopping behavior. These strategies tend to develop over time and reflect general procedures which buyers may adopt such as store loyalty (Carman 1969), brand strategy (Newman 1977; Bennett and Mandell 1969), and dealing or bargain strategies (Carman, 1969).
Despite the myriad findings, research methods, and approaches, it seems clear that shoppers do not behave similarly for similar types of goods. Some shoppers engage in search before and during shopping; others search for low-price alternatives, but do not necessarily shop more frequently, always prepare a shopping list, or check ads before shopping; and others seem to be motivated by convenience and do not "shop around". Therefore, additional research is needed on the multidimensionality of shopping behavior.
Data were collected from a mail survey panel conducted in three time periods; before, during, and after the introduction of a third major supermarket into a previously duopolistic market, over a 20-week period. Respondents were selected using every tenth name from the street lists of the towns in the market area. The first wave of the survey was conducted four weeks prior to the opening of the new store and approximately 550 (38%) responded. During the first 10 days of the store opening, the 550 respondents were mailed a second questionnaire. Forty-five percent or 250 replied during the second wave. Thirteen weeks later a third questionnaire was mailed and 169 households (67%) responded. The analysis reported in this paper is based on these 169 households who responded to all three questionnaires. These panel households represent approximately 12% of the original sample, and 31% of the first set of respondents.
The data collected included: a 38-item activity, interest, and opinion (AIO) seven-point agree-disagree questionnaire (Wave 1); ratings of the relative importance of 23 grocery store attributes, using seven-point scales for each item (Wave 1); general socio-economic data and grocery budget data (Wave 1); media and coupon usage data (Wave 3); perceived travel time and in-store shopping time (Wave 3); patronage data related to primary store shopped (Waves 1,2,3): and propensity and reasons for trying the new store (Wave 2).
The AIO variables were adopted from prior store patronage studies (Bucklin 1971; Darden and Ashton 1974; Reynolds, Darden, and Martin, 1974; Stephenson 1969) and from the psychographic inventory of Wells and Tigert (1971). The AIO's reflected a variety of search activities, including pre-purchase planning, search objectives, and opinions regarding the various benefits of shopping. Thus, they reflect the elements suggested in the literature from which multidimensional strategies might be derived. Respondents were asked to respond to each statement in terms of grocery shopping activities only. Ideal store attribute data. socio-economic data, and shopping behavior data were gathered to provide expanded descriptions of each group and to determine whether significant shopping behavior differences existed.
Since earlier research had identified shopping typologies, and had discovered that individual shoppers pursue different shopping strategies, the first task was to classify respondents into shopping groups. Group profiles were then developed for the purpose of isolating shopping strategies unique to each shopper group.
To develop a useful, nonredundant set of shopping strategies, a series of data reduction steps was taken with respect to the AIO items. First, 12 items with highly skewed distributions were eliminated from further analysis, then a factor analysis was performed on the remaining AIO's. Using a minimum eigenvalue of 1.0 and a screen test, a six-factor solution was derived. Based on an analysis of the items with highest commonalties, the six factors appeared to represent: recreational and social; in-store information; brand name; venturesome/innovator; bargain hunting; and planning and budgeting.
1. I like to shop in different stores just to see what is new.
2. I budget a certain amount to spend on groceries each week.
3. I shop a lot for store specials.
4. I make my purchase selection according to my favorite brand name, regardless of price.
5. I shop at the store(s) where my friends buy their groceries.
6. Before grocery shopping I prepare a shopping list.
7. I look for nutritional labeling information that is included on some grocery packages.
Respondents were cluster analyzed on the basis of similarity of evaluations on the seven strategy variables. Cluster analyses with two through ten groups were examined for the entire sample and for two split-half samples. A six-group solution was chosen in each split-half because going to a seven group solution did not materially reduce the ratio of within-groups sum of squares to total group sum of squares. Further, consistency of the two split-half groups was determined by correlating the mean scores on each of the seven items for each matched pair of groups from the two split halves (Calantone and Sawyer 1978). The average correlation coefficient was statistically significant (r = .828, p. < .003).
The first step in developing group profiles was to describe the groups in terms of the shopping strategies characteristic of each cluster. A one-way analysis of variance indicated that the degree of agreement varied significantly across the six groups. Ideal store attributes and the remaining AIO items were then analyzed across groups by a series of one-way ANOVA tests. Fifteen of twenty-three ideal store attributes varied significantly across groups at the .05 level or better. Seventeen of the remaining AIO variables were significant at the .05 level or better. Finally, demographic variations across groups were analyzed, Table 1 provides a summary of the shopping strategies characteristic of each group and of the demographic variations. Table 2 provides a summary of the ideal attribute, AIO, and demographic profiles of each group.
As indicated above, multi-dimensional shopping strategies appeared and were associated with a variety of attribute preferences, opinions about shopping, and demographic factors. The significance of employing a multi-dimensional approach can be shown by comparing several pairs of groups. For instance, the in-store economy group tends to confine information search to the actual shopping trip, whereas economy planners indicate a greater use of external-to-store information.
Similarly, while groups 3 and 5 might be viewed as "involved shoppers," group 3 appears to be more concerned with "value," venturesomeness, and social motives. By contrast, group 5 shoppers are more quality conscious and household-role oriented. Finally, groups 2 and 6 are similar in terms of a lack of planning and budgeting and in terms of brand name reliance. However, the convenience orientation of group six primarily reflects "in-store" and "accessibility'' factors. Members of this group are not necessarily disinterested in shopping, as they do shop for specials and are willing to try new stores. These contrasts suggest that simplistic, unidimensional shopping typologies may obscure the more complex strategies which consumers employ.
A number of the findings reported here are consistent with earlier research. For example, Appel's (1970) innovative shopper is similar to both the in-store economy and the economy planner shopper groups identified in this research. Similarly, Darden and Reynolds (1971), Kenny-Levick (1969), Stone (1954) and Williams (1978) identified an economic shopper group. However, a primary distinction discovered in this research is that economic shoppers can be separated further depending on types of information search and pre-shop planning. Unlike the in-store economy shopper, the economy-planner shopper uses both media sources as well as in-store information. This finding reinforces Moschis' (1976) result that shoppers do differ in terms of preferences and use of external information.
Darden and Reynolds (1971) and Stone (1954) both described an apathetic shopper that combined indifference or dislike for shopping with desires for convenience. However, Kenny-Levick (1969), Williams (1978), and this study have recognized distinguishing characteristics between the apathetic and convenience shoppers. The convenience shopper appears to be more pressed for time while the apathetic shopper dislikes shopping. Moreover, the convenience shopper is less likely to be store loyal. The personalizing shopper of Darden and Reynolds (1971), Stone (1954), and Kenny Levick (1969) have some similar characteristics of the homemaker group in this study. The homemaker group here does exhibit some positive feelings toward the social aspects of shopping. Doyle and Fenwick (1974) and Williams (1978) identified an older shopper group that is similar to the involved, traditional shopper of this study. In each instance, the shopping groups are not necessarily economy-minded, but show concern for variety, quality, as well as price.
The identified shopping strategies also have some similarities to previously reported strategies. The apathetic and homemaker shopping groups do use both brand loyalty and store loyalty strategies as suggested by Blattberg (1976). However, the economy planner group does not follow the strategy of being both store loyal and brand loyal, in that they cannot be typified as brand loyal. Blattberg (1976) also suggests that deal-prone shoppers are likely to visit several stores. In the retail market examined here, the economy planners use coupons and look for specials, but they do not like to change stores. On the other hand, the in-store economy group does visit several stores. The economy planners are similar to the careful shopper identified earlier by Carman (1969).
The variety of types of satisfaction entailed in the shopping process indicate that similar benefits may be achieved through alternative search patterns. Further, the fact that the shopping groups varied more dramatically on opinions and activity measures than on ideal store attribute preferences would suggest that perceived utilities of shopping may be more useful indicators of search propensity than desired store benefit structures.
Of primary significance, however, is the implication that attempts to understand consumer search processes can be more successful when multiple search strategies are considered and where these strategies are associated with a multi-dimensional array of beliefs, activities, interests, demographics, and behaviors.
Appel, David L. (1970), "Market Segmentation--A Response to Retail Innovation," Journal of Marketing, 34, 64-66.
Bennett, Peter D. and Mandell, Robert M. (1969), "Pre-purchase Information Seeking Behavior of New Car Purchasers--The Learning Hypothesis," Journal of Marketing Research, 6, 430-433.
Blattberg, Robert; Peacock, Peter, and Sen, Subrata K. (1976), "Purchasing Strategies Across Product Categories,'' Journal of Consumer Research, 3, 143-154.
Bucklin, Louis P. (1966), "Testing Propensities to Shop," Journal of Marketing, 30, 20-27.
Bucklin, Louis P. (1971), "Consumer Search, Role Enactment, and Market Efficiency," Journal of Business, 44, 69-72.
Calantone, Roger J. and Sawyer, Alan G., (1978), "The Stability of Benefit Segments," Journal of Marketing Research, 15, 375-404.
Carman, James (1969), "Some Insights Into Reasonable Grocery Shopping Strategies," Journal of Marketing, 33, 69-72.
Claxton, John; Fry, Joseph, and Portis, Bernard (1974), "A Taxonomy of Prepurchase Information Gathering Patterns," Journal of Consumer Research, 1, 35-42.
Darden, William and Ashton, Dub (1974-1975), "Psychographic Profiles of Patronage Preference Groups," Journal of Retailing, 50, 99-112.
Darden, William R. and Reynolds, Fred D. (1971), "Shopping Orientation and Product Usage Rates," Journal of Marketing Research, 8, 505-508.
Doyle, Peter and Fenwick, Ian (1974-1975), "How Store Image Affects Shopping Habits in Grocery Chains," Journal of Retailing, 50, 39-52.
Farley, John U. (1964), "Brand Loyalty and the Economics of Information," Journal of Business, 37, 370-381.
Katona, George and Mueller, Eva (1964), "A Study of Purchase Decisions in Consumer Behavior," Consumer Behavior, Lincoln Clark (ed.), New York: New York University Press, 30-87.
Kenny-Levick, C. (1969), "Consumer Motivations: Some Examples from the Grocery Trade," British Journal of Marketing, 3, 2-8.
Monroe, Kent and Guiltinan, Joseph (1975), "A Path-Analytic Exploration of Retail Patronage Influences," Journal of Consumer Research, 2, 19-28.
Moschis, George P. (1976), "Shopping Orientations and Consumer Uses of Information,' Journal of Retailing, 52, 61-70, 93.
Newman, Joseph W. (1977), "Consumer External Search: Amount and Determinants," Consumer and Industrial Buying Behavior, P. D. Bennett, J. N. Sheth, and A. G. Woodside, (eds.), New York: Elsevier North-Holland, 79-94.
Nicosia, Francesco (1966), Consumer Decision Processes, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Reynolds, Fred; Darden, William; and Martin, William (1974-1975), "Developing an Image of the Store-Loyal Customer," Journal of Retailing, 50, 73-84.
Stephenson, Ronald (1969), "Determinants of Retail Patronage," Journal of Marketing, 33, 57-61.
Stone, Gregory P. (1954), "City Shoppers and Urban Identification: Observations on the Social Psychology of City Life," The American Journal of Sociology, 60, 36-45.
Tauber, Edward (1972), "Why Do People Shop?", Journal of Marketing, 36, 46-49.
Wells, William and Tigert, Douglas (1971), "Activities Interests, and Opinions," Journal of Advertising Research, 11, 27-35.
Williams, Robert H.; Painter, John J.; and Nicholas, Herbert R. (1978), "A Policy-Oriented Typology of Grocery Shoppers," Journal of Retailing, 54, 27-42.
Wright, Peter (1975), "Consumer Choice Strategies: Simplifying vs. Optimizing," Journal of Marketing Research, 12, 60-67.


Netheravon House is believed to date back to 1730's and was original built as a country villa for Henry Somerset, the 3rd Duke of Beaufort and it was extended around the late 1700's by Sir John Soane and is Grade II listed as being of Special Architectural and Historic importance. The property is attached at the rear but approached by a private drive with electric gates at the entrance which gives complete privacy. In the entrance hall there is an elegant original sweeping staircase allowing in natural light from the two upper floors adding to the light and spacious feel of this house. The reception rooms on the ground are all very well proportioned and filled with original period features including wooden floors, panelling, cornicing, sash windows and shutters and working fireplaces with the addition of under floor heating throughout. The excellent kitchen/breakfast room boasts a superb bespoke kitchen including a central island/breakfast bar, with granite work surfaces throughout, a four oven AGA with two oven electric module, Miele integrated appliances including a fridge/freezer and two dishwashers with the benefit of a built in sound system and French doors to the garden. In the rear hall there are additional stairs to the lower ground floor leading to further flexible accommodation including a study, fabulous games/family room with inglenook fireplace, guest cloakroom, utility room, wine cellar, log store and boot room with side access.
On the first floor there is an impressive master suite with a generous bedroom having lovely views, an excellent bathroom with a central marble topped bath, a double sink vanity unit, matching double dressing table, enclosed shower and music system with underfloor heating. In addition there are his and hers dressing rooms and study/nursery. There is also a guest suite with a bedroom, sitting/dressing room and lovely en suite bathroom.
On the second floor there are two spacious bedroom suites of the central hall with en-suite bathrooms and two additional bedrooms, one having a study. Stairs from the hall lead to the attic with additional, versatile accommodation including a playroom and bedroom seven.
The house is situated in an elevated position overlooking the village of Netheravon; the village has several local amenities including a village shop and Post Office, a church and primary school. More extensive amenities can be found in the nearby market towns of Marlborough and Devizes, with Salisbury also offering shopping, theatre, cinema and an historic cathedral. The A303 is about 5 miles to the south linking to the M3 and the South West. Mainline stations can be found in Grately, about 1 hour and 20 minutes and Salisbury, 1 hour and 30 minutes (London Waterloo) and Pewsey about 65 minutes (London Paddington). There are excellent local schools in the area including Marlborough College, Dauntsey's, St Mary's Calne, Godolphin, St. Francis Prep, Chaffyn Grove, Leadon Hall and Farleigh. The Neolithic English Heritage site of Stonehenge is about 7 miles away with the area being a popular destination, with plenty of walking, cycling, fishing, golfing and shooting available.
The house is approached via a private driveway and electric gates with a large parking area to the front. The gardens are mainly laid to lawn, and bordered by mature trees including a stunning Cedar of Lebanon. The garden leads down towards the River Avon and has delightful views over the village church and surrounding countryside, with the drive continuing on past the house towards the boundary and timber storage shed.


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Q: How do I make sure I fetch data from api ONLY ONCE I have an a few cards inflated, I fetch data from a website's api and insert it in the database and get back the first 3 rows with a seeAll option button to add fragmentB with the whole rows inflated from the databse. inside fragmentB I fetch the same from the same website just to make sure it was fetched and inserted in the database. is there a way to check before trying to fetch the api again?
better explanation:
This is the main layout, there are few other card below this one
this is the fragment opened when I press See all

so once the application opens i fetch the api and inflate the main layout, when I add the new fragment I want to check if the link was fetched instead of just fetching it once its created

A: Without seeing any of your code... :
Save the data within an object you defined such as
private apiData recievedData = null;

Whenever you attempt to recieve data, you'll first check if the object is null.
if(recievedData == null)
{
     recievedData = getDataFromAPI();
}
return recievedData; //will return previously retrieved data if not null

A: It may be better to first check the database and if the record's exists then do not fetch it from the server. Also, is there any reason of again fetching the data in FragmentB when you have already fetched it in FragmentA. Anyways, try to first check the database for the record and if the record doesn't exist then fetch it from API.


"Andøya is for the traveller that wants to get close up to nature."
Looking for great adventures and beautiful scenery?
Then Andøy is the obvious destination for you!
Visitors and thrill seekers from all over the world come here every year. No other place on the planet offers you close encounters with whales all year round and a virtual space journey to study the northern lights!
Read more and get inspired to plan your trip to our amazing Andøy!


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Posts Tagged 'budget'
Xiaomi Redmi Y1 Review
Xiaomi introduced a new lineup of smartphones in India which will focus on the ever-growing craze of selfies. The Redmi Y1 is the first smartphone launched in the lineup along with the Redmi Y1 Lite. Priced competitively, is the Redmi Y1 the new budget king?
Watch Our Unboxing
Watch Our Full Review
Top 10 Tech Under Rupees 1000
Got a lot of friends but not a lot of dough? Don't let your budget dampen your festive spirit. We scoured the web for the best tech deals and curated this very special list for all your gifting needs. And all under a thousand rupees. Who says a budget can't buy happiness?
1. Sandisk Ultra Dual Drive- 32 GB
A USB Thumb drive that doubles up and works with smartphones and tablets. The 64 GB one costs just a tad over the 1k price, however, the 32 GB falls right in the spot.
Weight 9 GM Memory storage capacity 32 GB Warranty 5 years
2. Roccat Taito Gaming Mousepad
Gamers need this, but so do [...]
LG K10 to Launch This Week
According to communication received from LG, the latest range of mid range offerings from the South Korean Tech giant, LG K7, and LG K10 are slated for launch this week. These smartphones will be available in South Korea starting January 14th.
Specifications of the model launched in Korea reveal the device to have a quad-core 1.2 GHz CPU, backed by 1.5GB, while internal memory is 16GB. In terms of camera, the device sports a 13MP rear unit and a 5MP front shooter.
The measurment of the phone will be 146.6 × 74.8 × 8.8mm and it will weigh 140g. On the outside will be a nice 5.3 inch, 720p display. The phone will come equipped with Android 5.1 Lolipop, and will [...]
ASUS Launches Budget ZenFone Go Variant
ASUS launched a variant of ZenFone Go called ZC451TG in India today. The phone comes equipped with a 4.5 inch display and 480X854 resolution. It further has a 5 MP primary camera with auto-focus and F2.0 aperture and a front camera marked at 0.3 MP.
The handset is made available in four colours which include Charcoal Black, Pearl White, Rouge Pink and Flash Blue and is priced at Rs. 5,299. It can be purchased on Flipkart, and from ASUS Exclusive Stores and other retailers starting January, 2016.
The new ZenFone Go variant is powered by Android Lollipop 5.1 and has 8 GB of internal storage which is expandable up to 64 GB using microSD card. The phone further has 5 GB of [...]
Samsung to Focus on Mid-Range Phones, Cut Down Total Shipment in 2016
According to reports, Samsung is going to lower the shipment of its smartphones in 2016 by 12%. This means the company would be shipping about 420-430 million units next year. Samsung is going to focus less on its high-end S series, and more on its budget and mid-range phones. The J series and the A series ensured that Samsung performed well in 2015. However, the year also saw a fall in the over-all demand of smartphones globally.
While Samsung still continued to be a leading smartphone manufacturer despite the falling demands, the company is altering its course a little next year. There will be some new additions to the Samsung Galaxy A and J series. There are also big plans [...]
Best Smartphones of 2015 Under Rs. 10,000
The tech world had its hands full with enough going on in 2015. Here's a list of our favourite budget phones under Rs. 10,000 that came out this year. Let us know about your favourites in the comments below.
Micromax Canvas A1: Micromax Canvas A1 has a 4.5 inch FWVGA (854 x 480 Pixels) display and is powered by a 1700 mAh battery. The processor is a MediaTek SoC with a 1.3GHz quad-core processor and Mali 400 GPU paired with 1GB of RAM. On the back, there is a 5 MP camera with LED Flash. For selfie convenience, the phone provides a 2 MP camera.The Canvas A1 has a beautiful wooden-like platform for the main camera on the back of the device. The device is priced at Rs. [...]
These Ultra Cheap Feature Phones Are Still Worth Every Penny
With all the news of smartphones getting bigger, costlier, and more tech-savy, we tend to forget about the good old feature phones that remind us of a simpler time. Though companies like Samsung are working on the next flagship smartphones, they still make time out to focus on ultra low budget phones so that everyone's happy.
Here's a list of some popular feature phones under Rs. 4000 for those in the market looking for something cheap and good. We've steered clear of Chinese companies offering substandard products and brought you a list of the best:
We start the list with a brand we know and (used) to love before it went extinct. The [...]
List of the Best Budget Phones Under Rs.10,000
Planning to buy a cheap, affordable phone right now but don't know where to start looking? We've made a list of 5 phones under Rs. 10,000 that you can look up.
Xiomi Redmi 2 Prime
The Redmi 2 Prime is a simple, elegant looking phone that packs a lot at at a very low cost. The phone is powered by a 64-bit Cortex-A53 processor and 2 GB RAM with 1.2GHz MSM8916 Qualcomm Snapdragon 410 processor, Adreno 306 GPU, with 16GB internal memory that is expandable to 32GB.
It has a 4.7 inch HD IPS Display with 1280 x 720 pixels resolution and 312 ppi pixel density and an 8-megapixel primary camera and 2-megapixel front. The takeaway of this phone is [...]
Karbonn Launches the Affordable Aura 9 With a 4,000 mAh Battery
Having a smartphone with endless battery is something most of us dream about. Karbonn has launched the new Aura 9 smartphone with a 4,000mAh battery in India, today. This phone is priced at Rs. 6,390 and offers up to 10 hours of talk time and 300 hours of standby time.
The Karbonn Aura 9 comes with a 5-inch HD (1280×720 pixels) IPS-LCD display and a 1.2GHz quad-core processor with 1GB of RAM space. It has an internal storage of 8GB that is expandable up to 32GB via a microSD card slot.
On the camera front, it comes with an 8MP rear camera with LED flash and a 5MP front camera. Other [...]
Introducing the Micromax Canvas Xpress 2 | iGyaan Launchpad Exclusive
A few days back, iGyaan leaked the news about an upcoming budget smartphone by Micromax. We reported that the new device included a sleek gold and black design, Snapdragon 615, and a 13MP rear camera.
While we were wrong about the chipset, we got the rest of the details right. In an iGyaan Launchpad episode, iGyaan's Founder, Bharat Nagpal sat down with Shubhajit Sen, CMO of Micromax to discuss the new Canvas Xpress 2.
Watch the whole conversation here:
In December 2014, Micromax launched Canvas Xpress to compete with Motorola's [...]
Leaked: Micromax's Next Ultra Budget Snapdragon 615 Smartphone
If our source is to be believed, this is Micromax's next big thing. However it is going to be an ultra budget device. Details are sketchy at the moment, however it appears to have a black and gold design with a metal frame. The phone is expected to be below the 10k price bracket considering their own Yureka sells for Rs. 8,999.
The second image illustrates the device slightly better and also shows off the 13MP rear camera. The Micromax logo appears to be in a gold colour as well. The rear appears to have a rubberised back cover. Our source (who refuses to be named) also tells us that the device will be a Snapdragon 615 handset and may possibly run Cyanogen [...]
YU Yuphoria Review : Segment Changer
There are no surprises that the first lot of the Yuphoria sold out within seconds. The inception of YU as a brand is relatively recent. However, Micromax, its parent company, has been around for a while. Yu was started as an online exclusive spinoff resulting in deeper competition for the likes of Xiaomi and others who mastered this domain. The success of the Yureka has proved that Indian brands are ready to change their old decaying methods
The Yuphoria is YU's new handset. However, the company is not pegging it as a sequel, more like a different segment hero. The Yuphoria is their budget end of the spectrum, but YU as a company have ensured that people [...]


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Lovingly ripped off from the classic film comedy Monty Python and the Holy Grail, MONTY PYTHON'S SPAMALOT retells the legend of King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table, and features a bevy of beautiful show girls, not to mention cows, killer rabbits, and French people. Did we mention the bevy of beautiful showgirls? The 2005 Broadway production won three Tony® Awards, including Best Musical, and was followed by two successful West End runs. The outrageous, uproarious, and gloriously entertaining story of King Arthur and the Lady of the Lake will delight audiences as they search for the Holy Grail and "always look on the bright side of life".
Church Basement Ladies is a beloved Midwest musical comedy, book by Jim Stowell and Jessica Zuehlke, music and lyrics by Drew Jansen. The story is about the ladies that work in the church basement cooking meals for church functions, and is inspired by the humorous book Growing Up Lutheran, by Janet Letnes Martin and Suzann Nelson. Published in 1997, Growing Up Lutheran is a "scrapbook of memories" of what it was like to grow up Lutheran in the Midwest in the 1950s.
July 6 - 23
Once upon a time, there were four guys who discovered that they shared a love for music and then got together to become their idols – The Four Freshman, The Hi-Lo's and The Crew Cuts. Rehearsing in the basement of a plumbing supply company, they became "Forever Plaid". On the way to their first big gig, the "Plaids" are broadsided by a school bus and killed instantly. It is at the moment when their careers and lives end that the story of Forever Plaid begins.
Let the "Plaids" delight you with some of the great nostalgic pop hits of the 1950s.
July 27 - August 6
Follow the yellow brick road in this delightful stage adaptation of L. Frank Baum's beloved tale, featuring the iconic musical score from the MGM film. The timeless tale, in which young Dorothy Gale travels from Kansas over the rainbow to the magical Land of Oz, continues to thrill audiences worldwide. The Royal Shakespeare Company's 1987 version of this classic story follows the iconic 1939 film that features Judy Garland as Dorothy. A must see for the whole family!
Office-346 4th Street, PO Box 182 St. Ansgar, IA 50472
Cedar Summerstock Theater is a tax-exempt organization as described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue code; EIN 86-2394246.


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Investigating Reports of Sexual Misconduct
Investigating Reports of Sexual Misconduct - Virtual Program
Thursday, March 2, 2023 to Thursday, March 9, 2023
56 Seats Remaining
* Registration open until 3/2/23 at 12:00 AM (EST)
This workshop is offered in a hybrid model with self-study content to be completed in our online learning management system prior to attending two live two-hour instructor-led workshop sessions. These live sessions are offered via Zoom and include the following components:
High-level overview of self-study content
Question and Answer / Discussion of key topics
Small group discussions of case studies of sexual misconduct investigations conducted by regulatory agencies
For more information on CLEAR's Third Tier Programming, please click HERE.
Hannah Fletcher
Program Facilitator & Membership Representative (859)309-4733
This is a virtual program offering. Program login information will be sent to each attendee by February 23, 2023. We will offer a welcome session on March 2, 2023, at 2:00 PM EST for this program.
Program participants will receive an eBook for this program. Each person will be able to print out the program manual or save it to your desktop to review.
CLEAR Cancellation Policy
Registrant substitutions are welcome. Cancellations are subject to a $95 US service charge and will be subtracted from any refunds. Cancelations received less than two weeks prior to the program, will be subject to the full registration fee and no refunds or credits will be given.


A collection of more than 126 side dish recipes for Roti, Chapati, Pulao, Poori & Naan. I've shared a list of curries / sabzi / gravy made from dal / lentils, vegetables (potato, cauliflower, broccoli, baby corn, capsicum, lauki, raw jackfruit), mushroom, paneer & non veg like egg, chicken, lamb and prawn & also shared raita recipes. You can find both north-Indian & south-Indian style curries. The north-Indian style curries mainly contains main ingredients like yogurt, tomato puree, milk, cream, almonds, cashew & garam masala. Whereas, south-Indian curries contains coconut, poppy seeds, coriander powder, roasted gram, tamarind,etc.. This is how I prepare. You can also find kurma recipes with or without coconut.
The dal recipes are very light, healthy & diet-friendly. They are purely vegan and can be tried by anyone who are allergic to dairy. Most of the curries shared here are easy to prepare and can be tried by even bachelors / spinsters. I hope you find this list useful. If you have any queries regarding the recipes or measurements, you can send your queries to my maid id (jopreet.indiankitchen@gmail.com) or leave a comment here.


Today we talk about Seeed Studio Grove Modules and using them with our FEZ products.
//delayMicroseconds(2000);          // this command takes a long time!
//delayMicroseconds(2000);        // this command takes a long time!
We redid the studio for better lighting. Hopefully future videos will look better.
Your limit checks are bounded incorrectly, since the "valid" range of display values is 0 to 479 (or 0 to 271 height). Besides the fact that you should use the dynamic screen size from the framework instead of hardcoding a value there and in your bitmap dimension.
For my prototype I modified a 5CM Grove cable so I could use Grove I2C modules with the dedicated I2C pins on my Fez Lemur.
The Seeedstudio base shields (plus other plug n play systems from vendors like electow.com, elecfreaks.com) are designed to work with *duino devices with the I2C on A4/A5 or the two dedicated pins (like the Arduino Uno R3 devices) it would be great if some future *duino formfactor GHI devices used these pinouts.


Thiruvananthapuram: As part of its programme to upgrade facilities for rail users, Railways Minister Suresh Prabhu said here today that 200 more stations and some additional trains would be providedwith Wi-Fi in 2017.
Prabhu admitted that there was a lack of railway investment in Kerala and saidthe NDA government's move was to reverse that trend.
Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan and G Sudhakaran, PWD Minister and in charge of Railways were among those present.


The Nauticam MWL-1 is a wet-mounted ultra wide lens (meaning it can be attached and removed underwater) designed to be used with a 60mm full frame equivalent macro lens that results in an ultra-wide 150º field of view. The MWL-1 can focus from the lens' front element to infinity. Ultra wide angle and macro perspectives are now available on the same dive - even with full frame DSLR systems.