This solo exhibition showcases the multi-faceted art and music of the prolific self-taught artist Lonnie Holley.
SECCA's exhibition will tie together the various threads of the artist's output, showcasing found-art sculptures, works on paper, steel sculpture and music and video selections from Holley's three albums. The works of art and music present a snapshot of Holley's artistic output from the last several years, mainly 2012-2018.
Free and open to the public. Light snacks and a cash bar. SECCA members drink for free.
Due to tonight's exhibit opening and the Little Theatre's production of A Christmas Carol, SECCA is looking forward to a large crowd. To handle the parking lot overflow, we will have a shuttle departing form Summit School starting at 5:30 p.m. We strongly encourage anyone arriving after 6:30 p.m. for the exhibit opening to consider going straight to Summit for parking. Please allow ample time for shuttle pick-up and drop-off.
For questions, please call 336-725-1904.


text:
In Incredible Company!
So honoured to be nominated for a Music Nova Scotia along with this fine crew:
Coco Love Alcorn for "Wonderland"
Don Ross for "A Million Brazilian Civilians"
Joel Plaskett for "Solidarity"
Stewart Legere…
To all the beautiful mothers I know (and I know many of them)
Playing so close to home is always a treat! If you're in Halifax tomorrow, please come see us play! Double bill with The Bombadils so it promises to be a feel-good, folky time.
Teeny tiny tour
On our way west tomorrow! I hear there's spring there! We'll be playing in Trail (April 21) and Victoria (April 30), B.C. Click here for more details.
Durango, No Foolin'!
Spending our April Fool's in Durango, Colorado this year!
Folking Around!
Happy to be among friends this week at Folk Alliance in Kansas City, MI.
Thanks to everyone who supported the release of I Didn't Want to Break It. Words can't express my gratitude; you helped out at a very crucial time, both for me and for this album. The album is out now, getting…
Last chance to become a Motherfunder!
My Motherfunder campaign ends tomorrow! I have already reached 98%of my goal! If you have already become a Motherfunder, I thank you from the bottom of my heart. If you are thinking of doing it, now is the hour! Click…
First review in!
Thanks to Folking.com for my first I Didn't Want to Break It review. Have a peek here.
New Album Out Today!
I Didn't Want to Break It is now available for purchase here! Have a look at the teaser to hear snippets of the track "The End of the World" and whet your appetite for the official video coming soon…
Motherhood and Homemade Fudge
My new album is done! And now the costly work of touring and publicity begins! Released my first ever sponsorship campaign today. Sponsorship perks include autographs, T-shirts and homemade fudge! Please consider becoming a Motherfunder!
Counting down to the album release ...
Teaser video one!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Indian Creek Equestrian Campground is an ideal camping site for avid horseback riders looking to explore the Indian Creek Equestrian Trail. The area provides a pleasant atmosphere plus nearby access to the Rampart Range, a well known off-highway vehicle riding area.
The area boasts wildlife like mule deer, turkey, elk and black bears. The Roxborough State Park is located to the northeast of the campground as has a reputation for its dramatic red-rock formations.
Campsites sit among a mix of trees that provide both shade and sun throughout the day. These include Ponderosa pine, Gamble oak, Douglas fir, aspen and spruce.
Pike-San Isabel National Forests include over a million acres of wilderness and over half of Colorado's mountain peaks that reach above 14,000 feet in altitude.
The Indian Creek Trail, which is also called the Bear Creek Trail, is a loop trail that extends for 14 miles. In addition to horseback riders, mountain bikers and hikers also enjoy taking on the scenic journey.
Four hitching rails and some small corrals are provided for common use. Drinking water is on hand from hydrants. There is no watering trough available.
The campground is adjacent to the Indian Creek Campground, which is available for family camping.
From Sedalia, drive about 10 miles west on Highway 67 and the entrance is about a half mile from the intersection of Highway 67 and Rampart Range Rd.


LANDSBANKI 'SCAM VICTIMS MAKE PROGRESS IN THE COURTS.
A Marbella Court has declared the loan pf one couple void because of unfair terms and lack of proof that the money that the money was ever received. Full details can be found in February 1st to 7th 2019 issue of SUR IN ENGLISH.
I seem to be having the same problem as pjames. Sometimes my post does'nt get accepted. In fact I recently posted a a comment, which for some reason never got posted, so I will try again.
Nordea Bank S.A & Nordea Life &Pensions S.A both operating out of Luxembourg sold such a scheme in Spain. Why cannot this be presented to the Supreme Court for a ruling.
As most followers of this site are aware Nordea Bank in conjunction with Nordea Life&Pensions bother domiciled in the same building in Luxembourg launched and sold such a scheme to many clients in Spain. Why therefor cannot this scheme be submitted to the Supreme Court for them to rule on it.
Let's hope the court have the courage to issue an arrest warrant, if so it sure would make the media sit up and take notice.


Forget perfectly posed photos, you know moments matter more. Your life is messy and chaotic in the most beautiful way. You recognize that documenting your family means more than smiling at a camera.
You love all of the imperfect components of your life. Tiny muddy toes, remnants of chocolate chip cookies covering her face, or the messy bed head he always wakes up with. All of these details matter to you because you know that one day it will all be different.
Children have this amazing way of living in the moment. While you're juggling busy schedules, they are feeling everything, taking it all in. You know the importance of documenting their free and innocent expressions of childhood.
YOUR LIFE IS SO MUCH MORE THAN JUST MILESTONES.
It's the noise. It's the quiet. It's the mess. It's the wild. It's the calm. It's the squeals. It's the laughter. It's the in-between. Don't get us wrong, firsts are important. But so are the over looked moments. The mouth fulls of snow, the hot cocoa rewards, the morning routines, the way she's always glued to your hip. This is the real story of your family. It's loud. It's exhausting. It's fleeting. We want to show you how beautiful your life is.
Collections for 2019 begin at $525. Please contact us for a complete pricing guide and options.


If it's an even numbered tooth count on the chain ring, and a single ring, then yes, it'll be outside plates (I really want to say 'flange' here, by the way) on alternating teeth of the chainring predictably. so having alternating 'fat' teeth than somehow interact with these outside (as opposed to 'inny' plates) makes sense. Maybe some sort of rubber or Teflon coating for the fat teeth to retain the chain a little more than a normal chainring, but not enough to result in lots of friction. Or something.
Either way, I wonder how easy it will be for aftermarket manufacturers to replicate these fancy new rings.


text:
Theristus parasiticus is een rondwormensoort uit de familie van de Xyalidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1938 door Penso.

Monhysterida

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


This week I have chosen a quote from renowned English writer Virginia Woolf.
Virginia Woolf was born Adeline Virginia Stephen on January 25th, 1882 in Kensington, London. She was educated by her parents in their literate and well-connected household.
Her parents had each been married previously and been widowed, and, consequently, the household contained the children of three marriages. Her father, Leslie Stephen, was a notable historian, author, critic, and mountaineer. He was a founding editor of the Dictionary of National Biography, a work that would influence Woolf's later experimental biographies.
Woolf suffered from severe bouts of mental illness throughout her life, thought to have been what is now termed bipolar disorder. She spent three short periods in 1910, 1912 and 1913 at Burley House, which is described as "a private nursing home for women with nervous disorder." Though this instability often affected her social life, her literary productivity continued with few breaks throughout her life.
Woolf committed suicide by drowning in 1941 at the age of 59.
Every since I can remember I have loved books. I learned to read early and easily, and my comprehension levels were always well advanced for my age. Books felt to me what watching TV must feel like to other people. I was transported right into the action, the emotion, into whole different worlds with different ways of thinking and doing things. I felt most alive, most like I was becoming future myself when I was reading.
During my 6th grade year, I volunteered to work in my school for part of my lunch period. It was so quiet in there, and it smelled like books rather than sweaty kids like the rest of the building. My job was to put the returned books back on the right shelves, but most of the time I just walked the rows and ran my hands over the worn spines. I flipped through the ones with dragons or spaceships on the front and scoffed at the ones about cheerleaders and love.
The ones I took home I could never put down. I read in the dark after my mother insisted we go to be until she grew tired of trying to force me and asked that I only keep to my room and keep quiet.
My father and his father loved reading too, and I often stole books with subject matters much too advanced for me from their collections.
I loved reading so much, and then I became a teenager, and between the depression and trying to be cool, I forgot all about reading. Then I became an adult and life got too busy for books. At first, I was busy falling in love and making a home. Then I was busy fighting for love and always working harder to build a better and better home. And no matter what there never seemed to be enough time for love and home and work and friends and sleep and reading.
Things have changed. Reading has come back to me. I realized that I had let something I loved go and I wasn't at all happier for it. I realized I wanted something for myself. I remembered how good it felt to learn things and see the world in new ways. I remembered how reading made me feel more like myself all those years ago. So, I went looking for my old friend, my first love, and I found that she had been waiting for me all along to return. We picked up right where we left off, and we've been going strong ever since.
I've also come back to writing, another old love from my childhood. I've come a long way since those old angsty journals, and I want to go further still, and I know that in order to get there I can never take reading or writing for granted again. I have to make them a priority in my life along with love and home and work and friends and sleep. With them, never behind. Not when I can find the time, but when I make the time!
I wish I had learned this lesson a long time ago. If I had spent more time with books than I may be a better writer now, or at least a better person. But I am still grateful for the time I had, without having experienced the magic of words being worked on me I would never have craved such power myself, to wield over other minds and time itself.
I am grateful that books never leave you entirely and that reading is a patient and understanding friend who will let you leave and return as often as you wish. I have come back to my first love and friend, and I found that our passion for one another never really waned. I had only been a stupid human who forgot what life was really about, doing what makes you happy.
If you like this post, check out my weekly-ish newsletter for some existential musings on life, love, and inevitable human suffering + important reads from others, or help support what I do by sharing a cup of coffee.


Steady, three-dimensional viscous numerical analysis of airflow over a rectangular NACA 0012 base wing (BW) with a rounded tip and with three NACA 0015 tip-sails (WTS) is performed. The flow physics and aerodynamic forces are studied at Reynolds numbers (Re) of 60,000 and 600,000, angles of attack (α) of 0, 5, 7.5, and 10°, and two sets of tip-sail dihedral angles (leading to trailing tip-sail): 50, 45, and 40° and 60, 45, and 30°. The Shear Stress Transport turbulence and intermittency-transition Reynolds number transitional turbulence models were used. For α > 0°, the WTS produced higher lift coefficients (CL) and drag coefficients (CD) than the BW. At Re = 600,000 and α > 0°, the CL/CD was higher for the WTS than the BW. Good agreement was seen with experimental data at Re = 600,000 for the BW results and the WTS CL but not the WTS CD.


We are super proud of having so many slow people out there. The most famous ones among them we share with you in our slow people section.
These guys come from all kind of different backgrounds (athletes, actors, designers, musicians,…) and they show the great diversity of the slow brand.Now, also Hollywood star Orlando Bloom joins them and wears a slow Jo 19 in order to remind himself to take it slow at the set.
You find the model he is wearing on his latest show "Easy" right here.


I knew what she was talking about. She would no longer be my angelic daughter, perhaps, but a grown woman who had done things I could not imagine a child of mine doing. Intuitively I..
1 - 21 ofFundamentals of Corporate Finance Wileyplus Assignments All additional resources from each week Review the following scenario: Acting as the CEO of a small company, you will apply the principles of capital..
265 Just as lynchings had been justified in the preceding decades, these violent incidents were defended as necessary to maintain law and order. Several churches also reported using guidebooks that advise clergy and pastoral workers..
with the article in front of it, so le diciassette (17). Saying no has more creative power than ideas, insights and talent combined. Ill be arriving at your place around 5, okay? No makes us aloof, boring, impolite, unfriendly, selfish, anti-social, uncaring, lonely and an arsenal of other insults. A che ora comincia (il film)? They have the exact same meaning, and the structure of the answers will be the same using sono le Unless, of course, its. To start, Ive written a couple of dialogues so you can get a feel for how conversations about time might unfold and then followed those up with a handful of key phrases and vocabulary words.
Plus, as always, there are cultural tips at the bottom, so you can be in the know and avoid making a brutta figura (a bad impression). Creators do not ask how much time something takes but how much creation it costs. All verbs have a single form. Its 11 in the morning. Mi scusi, che ore sono? Western languages require subject/verb agreements, without which the language will be glaringly wrong. No is a rebuff, a rebuttal, a minor act of verbal violence. What time does it close? The professor contacted 275 creative people.
) ceases to be remarkable. The Physics of, how, your Earphone Jack Works (Just in, time to, say.


Today GrabCAD announced a beta of GrabCAD Workbench, an online secure 3D collaboration platform targeted to CAD users. Think of it as Dropbox in a browser with a WebGL viewer to 3D preview your files.
You can create projects and invite others to collaborate with you. I signed up for the beta, created a project and uploaded the STL file of my Piston Cup creation from Cubify.
I could pin a comment to the model.
The 3D view has dynamic sectioning which will be helpful to visualize and understand the model better. Measurement is missing and I hope its on their to do list. There's lots more to GrabCAD Workbench and I recommend that you try it out. Remember that its a beta. A lot has been done and it seems like a lot more needs to be done.
For me the deal breaker was one crucial user user experience aspect which I'm hoping the folks at GrabCAD find an elegant solution for. The STL file I uploaded was 5 MB large and it took a couple of minutes to upload using my home internet connection, which isn't too bad. However, when I clicked the STL file in the project window I saw this progress bar and it took another couple of minutes to reach the end, after which the model showed up in the WebGL window.
I found it a little odd because I assumed that after my STL file was uploaded it would have been converted into a web optimized format for quick download and display in a browser. So after waiting for a total of four minutes I could finally see the 3D model in my browser. I wasn't too pleased. Anyways, I proceeded to played around with model, pinned a comment, inspected it using section planes, etc.
To my dismay I found that if I clicked on another item in the project tree and clicked back on the STL file I need to wait another two minutes for the model to show up in the WebGL window. This makes it practically unusable for me or just about anyone else who will want to collaborate on real world models and not just simple boxes and spheres.
I inspected my model closer and realized that the 3D data sent to my browser was the original high resolution mesh which it why it took me two minutes to download and show it in the WebGL window.
For collaboration you don't need the high resolution model. A coarsely tessellated model will do just fine. After all you are only going to pin comments on it.
All in all, it seems like a good start and I wish my friends in GrabCAD the very best.


text:
Harvest of promise for French industry in China
The announcement on the band and figures of major contracts when they travel abroad – notably in China – there is "more news" : these trips are not made for it. Emmanuel Macron has repeated throughout his State visit in China.
For the French manufacturers, it has ended on Wednesday, January 10, on a good track record which the president of the Republic, however, refused to quantify the amount. No question, he pointed out, to brag about as its american counterpart, Donald Trump, which was estimated at some 220 billion euros, the orders secured during its first journey, while it was part of the memoranda or letters of intent !
Mr. Macron has announced, on Wednesday, finalizing a contract for the delivery of 184 A320 aircraft in 2019-2020, which accounts for 18 billion euros at list prices. If the Elysée ensures that it is a " command-new ", Airbus suggests that the discussions are continuing on a number as yet undetermined airbus A320 and long-haul A330 aircraft. The head of State has also indicated having received assurances that Beijing would respect the parity of market share Airbus-Boeing.
The european manufacturer is going to accelerate the production rate of the A320 at its plant in Tianjin (North-eastern), which will grow from four to six per month in 2020. For its part, CFM International (Safran-General Electric) has sold aircraft engines and maintenance contracts for $ 2.9 billion. Paris has also got one important measure : the lifting, " within six months ", the embargo on French beef imposed by Beijing in 2001 after the mad cow crisis.
Now is not the time to otherworldliness
But it is nuclear that the advanced is the most promising, due to the amount of the contract (10 billion) and its vital importance for the French industry. After ten years of tough negotiations, Areva and China…


text:
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Join us for Scholar in Residence Rabbi Avi Strausberg on "Worlds Within Words" on February 24-25. Details and registration here.
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1. Thursday, February 23, 2023 • 2 Adar 5783
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Thursday, January 26, 2023 • 4 Shevat 5783 - 7:30 PM - 9:00 PM
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Shacharit
Rabbi Fellman's Spring Wise Class: Divine Intervention in Jewish Texts and Tradition
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Shabbat Day
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Thursday, Feb 9 1:00pm
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Sunday, Feb 12 8:15am
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text:
Puruesh Chaudary – 2012 AIBs Judge
Puruesh Chaudary
AGAHI Foundation & Ambassador to CIME
Puruesh Chaudhary has over 7 years of experience in media and strategic communications pertaining to key functional areas covering research and content development. She has been a professional broadcast editor and has worked in leading news channels in Pakistan; both in Urdu and English where she has been designing and developing content for news, current affairs and other special assignments. The Center of International Media Ethics has appointed her as the Ambassador to Pakistan on media ethics.
Her forte is to enable the concepts of knowledge collaboration & information sharing by developing strategic content and outreach communication techniques that have an impact on the socio-economic developmental models. She is the youngest Alumnae at the National Defence University in Pakistan. She has an indepth understanding of the social, political, economic and technological unaddressed challenges, which could be the means of enticing radicalization in the society.
After a successful career in the media industry; Chaudhary's role as the Director Content for Mishal, a strategic communication's company on policy designs requires her to develop conceptual terms on key development indicators and functional areas that covers research and development, which facilitates monitoring and evaluation with multiple contingencies.
http://www.mishal.com.pk
She is the President of what originally started of as an initiative called "AGAHI" designed by Mishal Pakistan; and is now established as not-for-profit foundation that aims to increase the capacity of journalists on Investigative Journalism and Responsible Reporting in the country. Since, 2011 Chaudhary in collaboration with the Press Clubs in Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa and Azad Kashmir has inducted a thoroughly designed programme for the journalists which included; Investigative Journalism and Media Ethics, InterFaith,
Anti-Money Laundering and Terrorist Organisation Funding,
Journalism and Society "Millennium Development Goals'',
Reporting in Terrorism and Conflict, Social Media and Journalism, Safety Training. Scaling up on her Media Development efforts in Pakistan, Chaudhary organized the First-Ever Journalism Awards in the Country with support of Leading International Media Development Institutes/Partners, Academia, Government of Pakistan, Private Sector including several other stakeholders – recognizing the local journalists on producing counter-narratives in 15 different categories; under the slogan of "Shaping the Future of Journalism"
http://www.agahiawards.com
Prior to being a part of the "Media Development Initiative" by shaping the future of Journalism, Chaudhary was working in Samaa TV, heading the forward planning. She was responsible for generating and implementing original thoughts and concepts related to news and programming while integrating the channel's initiatives. She enabled the channel to create content on international indicators for economic growth and sustainable development issues, bringing a global perspective.
In December 2006, Chaudhary joined DawnNews as a professional broadcast journalist/editor. Her position required her to generate and edit content, create rundowns, manage packages and produce regular LIVE bulletins for the station.
During her short tenure at the Coca Cola Export Corporation, she was handling the corporation's public affairs, CSR-activities and their European edition. Within the automotive industry; she worked with Porsche's Management in setting up their Operations in Lahore and Karachi.
Chaudhary enjoys music, movies and media.


Gil Kane (born Eli Katz /kæts/; April 6, 1926 – January 31, 2000) was a Latvian-born American comics artist whose career spanned the 1940s to the 1990s and virtually every major comics company and character.
Kane co-created the modern-day versions of the superheroes Green Lantern and the Atom for DC Comics, and co-created Iron Fist with Roy Thomas for Marvel Comics. He was involved in such major storylines as that of The Amazing Spider-Man #96–98, which, at the behest of the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, bucked the then-prevalent Comics Code Authority to depict drug abuse, and ultimately spurred an update of the Code. Kane additionally pioneered an early graphic novel prototype, His Name is … Savage, in 1968, and a seminal graphic novel, Blackmark, in 1971.
DEATH: He remained active as an artist until his death on January 31, 2000, in Miami, Florida from complications of lymphoma. He was survived by his second wife, Elaine; as well as a son and two stepchildren, Scott, Eric and Beverly. For a time the family lived in Wilton, Connecticut, where he was drama chairman of the Wilton Arts Council. His final home was Aventura, Florida.


I don't know about you, but I'm looking forward to a quiet, uneventful weekend. We're not much into heavily loading Saturday and Sunday anyway, but I envision a lot of low-key meals and time in the backyard on the horizon. I love this time of year. Well, except that we have a literal ton of leaves ready for raking!
It makes for a beautiful chore.
I'm thinking of trying this plan, which is 12 weeks in all.
However, I will modify because I can't/don't want to run that many days/week!
Goal is 46:30 or 7:29/mile, pace predictor says 46:49 more likely.
Home Again -- We're now in recovery mode after Ada's brain surgery.
What a Difference -- My letter to Ada on seeing her after surgery.
$1.00 Store Activities: Arts + Crafts -- How to sleuth out deals for your toddler's paint obsession.
Ada + 23 Months -- My struggles over the past month, and how we're moving on.
Psst: You can check out more Weekend Things here + here + here + here + here + here + here + here + here + here + here + here + here + here + here + here + here + here + here + here + here + here + here.


Little people have the sweetest slumber & dreams with g.nancy's soft and snuggly pjs.
This latest release are presented in a gorgeous box making them gift ready.
These simply beautiful pjs are made from concept to completion in Australia and we celebrate Georgie and the g.nancy team for their commitment to domestic manufacturing.
fjällräven kånken | classic backpack | back in!


text:
Long-term ties in western Europe
July 14, 2015 Pax NewsAdministrator
June 26, 2015 – By Emily Loewen
As published by Mennonite Central Committee – http://mcccanada.ca
MCC Photos by Nina Linton
In Enkenbach, Germany, Rainer Schmidt holds a photo of Pax volunteers walking down the same street where he and others continue to live in houses built by Pax.
At the the age of 85, Artur Regier vividly remembers the night he fled his family's West Prussian farm.
It was 1945, and he was 15 years old. With gunfire from the Russian army less than two miles from their home, he, his mother and two brothers galloped away on horseback.
It would be nine years before they had a home of their own again.
They sailed on the Baltic Sea with more than 2,000 refugees on a boat built for 250, then spent three years living in a Danish camp.
Finally, in 1954, they moved into their own home in Enkenbach, Germany.
That home was built by young volunteers in Pax, an MCC program that provided Mennonites in the U.S. an alternative to military service and, in post-war Europe, helped to rebuild war-torn areas and to offer a bright spot of hope.
In Enkenbach alone, the efforts of Pax built 115 housing units and a building for the Mennonite church.
Enkenbach is full of stories like Regier's — accounts of people who were forced to flee as youth and built new lives with the assistance of MCC and its Pax program.
There was Louise Sauer, who lived in a camp in Russia for two years, then in wooden barracks in Germany with no bathroom or running water. When her family moved into the new home, she says, "It was like heaven for us children."
Edith Foth holds a photo of herself and her parents, Cornelius and Helene Foth, in the same window where the image was taken nearly 60 years ago. Edith still lives in the home, built by Pax, that the family moved into when they came to Enkenbach after being displaced during World War II.
Or there's Edith Foth, who left home with her family when she was just 10. "We thought in two days we'd be back home, but we never made it back," she says.
Her family moved into a new Pax-built home on the first Sunday of Advent in 1954. "That was a great moment for us, and without MCC's help, it would have never been possible for us to own a house again after World War II," says Foth, who worked alongside Pax volunteers for several months.
Between 1953 and 1961, approximately 120 Pax "boys" went through Enkenbach. (Almost all participants were men, mostly young men, but a handful of women also volunteered in Pax locations.)
Their legacy lives on in more than just the physical homes they built. Children gathered at the Pax house for snacks and Bible study, listening to the radio and playing games of table tennis in the basement. Pax participants started their own choir, and refugee youth joined in—forming the seeds of what today is the Enkenbach Mennonite Choir.
Ervie Glick of Harrisonburg, Va., was a member of that choir while he served with Pax in Enkenbach, and he also remembers playing hockey in the winter with the youth from the Mennonite church. But his most vivid memory from that time is of Monday evenings when the Pax members went in groups of two to spend the evening with a family who had moved into one of the new houses.
The families would share photos and stories from the homes they fled and of the journey to Germany. "Airplanes would strafe their columns of refugees, their horses and wagons, and they would dive into the ditches and run to escape them, the airplanes. It was just awful," he says. So families were very thankful once they could move into the homes built by Pax. "With the new homes, once they got established they could find meaningful employment and get their feet on the ground."
Klaus and Greda Wiens stand outside their home in Enkenbach, which was built by Pax. The Pax program provided an alternative to military service for Mennonites in the U.S. and helped rebuild war-torn Europe.
MCC relief in Europe wasn't only in Enkenbach. Shortly after the war, food, clothing and relief supplies were distributed across Germany, and in the 1950s Pax built homes in several areas around the country.
France also received help rebuilding damaged areas. Many in the small town of Geisberg remember 1946 to 1949, when MCC relief workers built houses as well as a nearby home for orphans.
Alfred Hege, left, Rene Hege, Jean Hege, Oscar Hege and Théo Hege walk around what was once a children's home in Geisberg, France. This building is one of many that MCC helped to build in the small village in the late 1940s.
Here too, the memories are of more than construction. Though Théo Hege was only seven when the MCC workers arrived, he remembers having them at his family's home on Sundays and receiving candy or stamps for his collection. "They introduced us to Christmas carolling as well as the sunrise service on Easter morning," he says.
Now that he's older, that relationship with MCC remains — though Hege is on the other side of the equation.
When Geisberg Mennonite Church collected relief supplies for Syrians, he helped contribute. "I think that program is an expression of Christian love to those who have less than we have," Hege says. "We share what God gave us in his mercy."
Agnes Hirschler and Jean Hege, left, watch members of Geisberg Mennonite Church load a shipping container with relief supplies collected and packed by the church.
Sisters Agnes and Emma Hirschler, whose home was built by MCC, also helped put together kits and through that, Hege says, they "encouraged the younger generation not to forget the help we got when we were in need."
The shipment, sent through MCC, was coordinated by the relief committee of the Swiss Mennonite Church (Nothilfe Gruppe, or Emergency Group) along with French churches. It contained 1,500 hygiene kits, 65 handmade comforters, 294 purchased blankets, 791 relief kits and 144 pairs of handmade socks along with supplies like towels and sheets.
In Germany, the Enkenbach Mennonite Church, where Regier, Sauer and Foth attend, also has donated money and supplies to MCC's relief work through Mennonitisches Hilfswerk (Mennonite Relief), an organization of 60 Mennonite churches in Germany.
Now, 70 years after the war's end, it's a way that many whose communities received help through MCC can give back — passing on the blessing that they received to others whose lives have been upended by conflict.
"When Mennonitisches Hilfswerk calls for special offerings for MCC projects, I am always ready to give," Regier says. "I always remember that I have received help from MCC when I was in need after World War II."
Emily Loewen is a writer for MCC Canada. Nina Linton is a photographer from Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island.
PAX service program, predecessor to the Peace Corps, recognized by Mahatma Gandhi Center for Global Nonviolence
July 4, 2015 Pax NewsAdministrator
From EMU News – Eastern Mennonite University website
By Steve Shenk
Cal Redekop, co-founder of Mennonite Central Committee's alternative service organization Pax, accepts the Mahatma Gandhi Center for Global Nonviolence Community Service Award from James Madison University Provost Jerry Benson (left) and Gandhi Center director Terry Beitzel (right) on behalf of MCC and Pax. (Photo by Ervie Glick) Posted on May 4th, 2015
In 1951, Jay "Junior" Lehman, then a 21-year-old farm boy from Ohio, sailed by freighter to Antwerp, Belgium. He was among the first wave of conscientious objectors to participate in a new alternative service program called Pax. Reaching their eventual destination in Germany, Lehman and about 20 draft-age men labored to turn Nazi poison-gas bunkers into housing for World War II refugees.
In late April, Lehman, now 85, made another trip – not quite so far – from his home in Ohio to James Madison University (JMU) in Harrisonburg, Virginia, where he and nearly 60 other "Paxers," including organization co-founder and former leader Cal Redekop, received a community service award from JMU's Mahatma Gandhi Center for Global Nonviolence.
Pax, a program of Mennonite Central Committee (MCC), was created in response to the reinstatement of the military draft in the United States after the start of the Korean War. Mennonites, Quakers, Brethren and other conscientious objectors could perform alternative service in Europe, and later in Africa and South America. Pax continued until 1975, three years after the draft ended. By the time the program closed, nearly 1,200 young Americans, and some Canadians, had served in 40 countries.
An 'influential' program
Nearly 300 people packed a reception hall at JMU to celebrate the organization's legacy. Terry Beitzel, director of the Mahatma Gandhi Center, noted that Pax was receiving only the fourth award in the center's 10-year history. The center gives a global nonviolence award, which has been presented to former President Jimmy Carter and first lady Rosalynn Carter and South African anti-apartheid leader Desmond Tutu, and also the community service award, past co-recipients of which include restorative justice pioneer Howard Zehr, a professor at Eastern Mennonite University (EMU), and JMU nursing professor Vida Huber.
"Pax was chosen for the award because of its contribution to establishing alternative service programs and influencing the formation of the U.S. Peace Corps, but primarily because of the emphasis on service to others," said Beitzel, who has taken courses and taught at EMU's Center for Justice and Peacebuilding and earned a PhD in conflict analysis and resolution from George Mason University.
"Pax serves as an example of service and peacemaking for all of us today," said JMU Provost Jerry Benson.
Redekop, now 89 and living in Harrisonburg, accepted the award on behalf of Pax and its volunteers.
"I'm only the handmaiden for Pax or handlanger – German for lackey," he said, before calling up Ann Graber Hershberger '76, who chairs the MCC U.S. board. Hershberger, a nursing professor at EMU, spoke of the Pax legacy and how it affected her own MCC work, with husband Jim '82, in Central America.
'Paxers' still connected
Redekop and Paul Peachey '45 dreamed up the new organization while the two were in Europe serving in post-war relief efforts with MCC. (Both Peachey, who eventually taught at EMU, and Redekop went on to academic careers in the field of sociology. Redekop is also a former business executive who has written widely on Christian ethics in business.)
Inspired by the Latin word for peace, the Pax program began in Europe with housing projects for war refugees, including German-speaking Mennonites from Ukraine, who were caught between the German and Soviet armies. Redekop, raised in the Midwest in an immigrant community of German-speaking Mennonites from Russia, was able to communicate in the low-German dialect.
The cultural exchange between Paxers and the people they helped was rich and rewarding. Lowell E. Bender '67, current MCC board member and the evening's master of ceremonies, was a Pax worker in Germany, Austria and Greece from 1961-63, where he witnessed the long-term devastation caused by the war while constructing new houses for families whose homes had been destroyed years before. Bender came back to the United States after his service and enrolled at EMU.
"We were all changed by our experiences," he said, of the Paxers.
"Many of the Pax veterans still stay in touch with the people they served," says Ervie Glick '62, whose interest in the German language and culture began with his Pax tour and eventually led to a teaching career as a German language professor (he retired from EMU in 2004). Reunions of the Salzburg Paxers, the unit Glick served in, have been held nine times since 1970, including once in Salzburg, Austria.
Paul M. Harnish '64, of Doylestown, Pennsylvania, visited a large, modern chicken processing co-op that he helped start years ago in an impoverished area of Greece. His little hatchery began with 500 chicks imported from the United States. Harnish remembers his delivery being complicated by the need to spend the night in a hotel with the chicks before he could return to the village.
Editor's Note: The history of the Pax program is featured in two books: Urie Bender's Soldiers of Compassion (1969) and Cal Redekop's The Pax Story: Service in the Name of Christ (2001). A 2008 award-winning documentary Pax Service: An Alternative to War was produced by Burton Buller, Cal Redekop and Albert Keim, a former EMU history professor.
More photos here by Ervie Glick:
Former Pax men and spouses gathered around tables to reminisce. Standing are Loyal Klassen, Mt. Lake, MN, and Henry Fast, Winnipeg, MB. Seated are Menno Riehl (PA) and Paul Harnish (PA), all having served in Greece.
Upwards of 300 persons with connections to Pax gathered at JMU.
Pax men, Steven Stoltzfus (center) and Paul Wyse (right), swap stories from their time In Peru running large earth moving equipment for LeTourneau in the '50's.
Dr. Terry Beitzel (left), director of the Mahatma Gandhi Center for Global Nonviolence, JMU. Lowell Bender, emcee(right), served in Pax, 1961 to 1963 in Germany, Austria, and Greece.
Cal Redekop transferred the award to Ann Graber-Hershberger, chair of the board of MCC USA.


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Home > News archive > Nelson Mandela University update on protest action
Nelson Mandela University update on protest action
Nelson Mandela University is aware of the growing anxiety around the impending close of registration as several students are still grappling with funding and other access challenges.
The University has been working, through ongoing engagement with the Student Representative Council (SRC), to address the various issues raised in an attempt to ensure the successful registration of all admitted students.
While there has not been any formal submission of a grievance by the protesting student formation, the University understands that the ongoing protest is in a bid to raise these issues.
University Management will meet with the recently elected SRC to unpack students' grievances, with a view to resolving the ongoing protest action.
Students are reminded of the protocols in place prior to partaking in protest action.
Emergency Management Team


text:
package org.apache.jsp.include_005fjsp.mySrv;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.jsp.*;
import net.violet.platform.util.StaticTools;
import net.violet.platform.util.SessionTools;
import net.violet.platform.datamodel.Lang;
import net.violet.platform.util.DicoTools;
import net.violet.platform.util.MyConstantes;

public final class inc_005freveil_005ffull_jsp extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase
    implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent {

  private static java.util.List _jspx_dependants;

  static {
    _jspx_dependants = new java.util.ArrayList(1);
    _jspx_dependants.add("/include_jsp/utils/inc_dico.jsp");
  }

  private org.apache.jasper.runtime.TagHandlerPool _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody;
  private org.apache.jasper.runtime.TagHandlerPool _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_type_property_name_id_nobody;
  private org.apache.jasper.runtime.TagHandlerPool _jspx_tagPool_html_form_styleId_styleClass_action;
  private org.apache.jasper.runtime.TagHandlerPool _jspx_tagPool_html_hidden_value_styleId_property_nobody;
  private org.apache.jasper.runtime.TagHandlerPool _jspx_tagPool_logic_notEqual_value_name;
  private org.apache.jasper.runtime.TagHandlerPool _jspx_tagPool_html_button_value_styleClass_property_onclick;
  private org.apache.jasper.runtime.TagHandlerPool _jspx_tagPool_logic_equal_value_name;
  private org.apache.jasper.runtime.TagHandlerPool _jspx_tagPool_html_submit_value_styleClass_property_onclick;

  public Object getDependants() {
    return _jspx_dependants;
  }

  public void _jspInit() {
    _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody = org.apache.jasper.runtime.TagHandlerPool.getTagHandlerPool(getServletConfig());
    _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_type_property_name_id_nobody = org.apache.jasper.runtime.TagHandlerPool.getTagHandlerPool(getServletConfig());
    _jspx_tagPool_html_form_styleId_styleClass_action = org.apache.jasper.runtime.TagHandlerPool.getTagHandlerPool(getServletConfig());
    _jspx_tagPool_html_hidden_value_styleId_property_nobody = org.apache.jasper.runtime.TagHandlerPool.getTagHandlerPool(getServletConfig());
    _jspx_tagPool_logic_notEqual_value_name = org.apache.jasper.runtime.TagHandlerPool.getTagHandlerPool(getServletConfig());
    _jspx_tagPool_html_button_value_styleClass_property_onclick = org.apache.jasper.runtime.TagHandlerPool.getTagHandlerPool(getServletConfig());
    _jspx_tagPool_logic_equal_value_name = org.apache.jasper.runtime.TagHandlerPool.getTagHandlerPool(getServletConfig());
    _jspx_tagPool_html_submit_value_styleClass_property_onclick = org.apache.jasper.runtime.TagHandlerPool.getTagHandlerPool(getServletConfig());
  }

  public void _jspDestroy() {
    _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.release();
    _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_type_property_name_id_nobody.release();
    _jspx_tagPool_html_form_styleId_styleClass_action.release();
    _jspx_tagPool_html_hidden_value_styleId_property_nobody.release();
    _jspx_tagPool_logic_notEqual_value_name.release();
    _jspx_tagPool_html_button_value_styleClass_property_onclick.release();
    _jspx_tagPool_logic_equal_value_name.release();
    _jspx_tagPool_html_submit_value_styleClass_property_onclick.release();
  }

  public void _jspService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
        throws java.io.IOException, ServletException {

    JspFactory _jspxFactory = null;
    PageContext pageContext = null;
    HttpSession session = null;
    ServletContext application = null;
    ServletConfig config = null;
    JspWriter out = null;
    Object page = this;
    JspWriter _jspx_out = null;
    PageContext _jspx_page_context = null;

    try {
      _jspxFactory = JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();
      response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
      pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(this, request, response,
      			null, true, 8192, true);
      _jspx_page_context = pageContext;
      application = pageContext.getServletContext();
      config = pageContext.getServletConfig();
      session = pageContext.getSession();
      out = pageContext.getOut();
      _jspx_out = out;

      out.write("\r\n\r\n\r\n");
 response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
      out.write("\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n");
      out.write('\n');
      out.write('\r');
      out.write('\n');
      out.write("\r\n\r\n\r\n");
	Lang dico_lang = SessionTools.getLangFromSession(session, request);
      out.write("\r\n\r\n\r\n");
      //  bean:define
      org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_0 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
      _jspx_th_bean_define_0.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
      _jspx_th_bean_define_0.setParent(null);
      _jspx_th_bean_define_0.setProperty("isReg");
      _jspx_th_bean_define_0.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
      _jspx_th_bean_define_0.setId("isReg");
      int _jspx_eval_bean_define_0 = _jspx_th_bean_define_0.doStartTag();
      if (_jspx_th_bean_define_0.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
        _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_0);
        return;
      }
      _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_0);
      java.lang.Object isReg = null;
      isReg = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("isReg");
      out.write('\r');
      out.write('\n');
      //  bean:define
      org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_1 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_type_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
      _jspx_th_bean_define_1.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
      _jspx_th_bean_define_1.setParent(null);
      _jspx_th_bean_define_1.setProperty("serviceName");
      _jspx_th_bean_define_1.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
      _jspx_th_bean_define_1.setId("serviceName");
      _jspx_th_bean_define_1.setType("String");
      int _jspx_eval_bean_define_1 = _jspx_th_bean_define_1.doStartTag();
      if (_jspx_th_bean_define_1.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
        _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_type_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_1);
        return;
      }
      _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_type_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_1);
      String serviceName = null;
      serviceName = (String) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("serviceName");
      out.write("\r\n\r\n
\r\n\t

");
      out.print(DicoTools.dico(dico_lang , "services/configure"));
      out.write("

\r\n\t
\r\n\t\t
\r\n\t\t \r\n\t\t");
      //  html:form
      org.apache.struts.taglib.html.FormTag _jspx_th_html_form_0 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.html.FormTag) _jspx_tagPool_html_form_styleId_styleClass_action.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.html.FormTag.class);
      _jspx_th_html_form_0.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
      _jspx_th_html_form_0.setParent(null);
      _jspx_th_html_form_0.setAction("/action/srvReveilFullConfig");
      _jspx_th_html_form_0.setStyleId("srvReveilConfig");
      _jspx_th_html_form_0.setStyleClass("srvConfigForm");
      int _jspx_eval_html_form_0 = _jspx_th_html_form_0.doStartTag();
      if (_jspx_eval_html_form_0 != javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_BODY) {
        do {
          out.write("\r\n\t\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_2 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_2.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_2.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_2.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_2.setProperty("sonNom1");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_2.setId("sonNom1");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_2 = _jspx_th_bean_define_2.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_2.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_2);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_2);
          java.lang.Object sonNom1 = null;
          sonNom1 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("sonNom1");
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_3 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_3.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_3.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_3.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_3.setProperty("music_id1");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_3.setId("music1");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_3 = _jspx_th_bean_define_3.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_3.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_3);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_3);
          java.lang.Object music1 = null;
          music1 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("music1");
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_4 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_4.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_4.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_4.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_4.setProperty("sonNom2");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_4.setId("sonNom2");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_4 = _jspx_th_bean_define_4.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_4.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_4);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_4);
          java.lang.Object sonNom2 = null;
          sonNom2 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("sonNom2");
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_5 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_5.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_5.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_5.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_5.setProperty("music_id2");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_5.setId("music2");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_5 = _jspx_th_bean_define_5.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_5.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_5);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_5);
          java.lang.Object music2 = null;
          music2 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("music2");
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_6 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_6.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_6.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_6.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_6.setProperty("sonNom3");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_6.setId("sonNom3");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_6 = _jspx_th_bean_define_6.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_6.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_6);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_6);
          java.lang.Object sonNom3 = null;
          sonNom3 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("sonNom3");
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_7 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_7.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_7.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_7.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_7.setProperty("music_id3");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_7.setId("music3");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_7 = _jspx_th_bean_define_7.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_7.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_7);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_7);
          java.lang.Object music3 = null;
          music3 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("music3");
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
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          _jspx_th_bean_define_8.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_8.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_8.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_8.setProperty("sonNom4");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_8.setId("sonNom4");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_8 = _jspx_th_bean_define_8.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_8.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_8);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_8);
          java.lang.Object sonNom4 = null;
          sonNom4 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("sonNom4");
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_9 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_9.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_9.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_9.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_9.setProperty("music_id4");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_9.setId("music4");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_9 = _jspx_th_bean_define_9.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_9.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_9);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_9);
          java.lang.Object music4 = null;
          music4 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("music4");
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_10 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_10.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_10.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_10.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_10.setProperty("sonNom5");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_10.setId("sonNom5");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_10 = _jspx_th_bean_define_10.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_10.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_10);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_10);
          java.lang.Object sonNom5 = null;
          sonNom5 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("sonNom5");
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_11 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_11.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_11.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_11.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_11.setProperty("music_id5");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_11.setId("music5");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_11 = _jspx_th_bean_define_11.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_11.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_11);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_11);
          java.lang.Object music5 = null;
          music5 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("music5");
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_12 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_12.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_12.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_12.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_12.setProperty("sonNom6");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_12.setId("sonNom6");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_12 = _jspx_th_bean_define_12.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_12.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_12);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_12);
          java.lang.Object sonNom6 = null;
          sonNom6 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("sonNom6");
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_13 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_13.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_13.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_13.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_13.setProperty("music_id6");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_13.setId("music6");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_13 = _jspx_th_bean_define_13.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_13.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_13);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_13);
          java.lang.Object music6 = null;
          music6 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("music6");
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_14 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_14.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_14.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_14.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_14.setProperty("sonNom7");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_14.setId("sonNom7");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_14 = _jspx_th_bean_define_14.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_14.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_14);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_14);
          java.lang.Object sonNom7 = null;
          sonNom7 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("sonNom7");
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_15 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_15.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_15.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_15.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_15.setProperty("music_id7");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_15.setId("music7");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_15 = _jspx_th_bean_define_15.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_15.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_15);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_15);
          java.lang.Object music7 = null;
          music7 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("music7");
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_16 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_16.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_16.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_16.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_16.setProperty("horraire1");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_16.setId("heures1");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_16 = _jspx_th_bean_define_16.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_16.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_16);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_16);
          java.lang.Object heures1 = null;
          heures1 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("heures1");
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_17 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_17.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_17.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_17.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_17.setProperty("horraire2");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_17.setId("heures2");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_17 = _jspx_th_bean_define_17.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_17.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_17);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_17);
          java.lang.Object heures2 = null;
          heures2 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("heures2");
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_18 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_18.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_18.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_18.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_18.setProperty("horraire3");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_18.setId("heures3");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_18 = _jspx_th_bean_define_18.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_18.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_18);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_18);
          java.lang.Object heures3 = null;
          heures3 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("heures3");
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_19 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_19.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_19.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_19.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_19.setProperty("horraire4");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_19.setId("heures4");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_19 = _jspx_th_bean_define_19.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_19.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_19);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_19);
          java.lang.Object heures4 = null;
          heures4 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("heures4");
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_20 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_20.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_20.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_20.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_20.setProperty("horraire5");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_20.setId("heures5");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_20 = _jspx_th_bean_define_20.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_20.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_20);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_20);
          java.lang.Object heures5 = null;
          heures5 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("heures5");
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_21 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_21.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_21.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_21.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_21.setProperty("horraire6");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_21.setId("heures6");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_21 = _jspx_th_bean_define_21.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_21.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_21);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_21);
          java.lang.Object heures6 = null;
          heures6 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("heures6");
          out.write("\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t");
          //  bean:define
          org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag _jspx_th_bean_define_22 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag) _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.bean.DefineTag.class);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_22.setPageContext(_jspx_page_context);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_22.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
          _jspx_th_bean_define_22.setName("mySrvReveilFullForm");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_22.setProperty("horraire7");
          _jspx_th_bean_define_22.setId("heures7");
          int _jspx_eval_bean_define_22 = _jspx_th_bean_define_22.doStartTag();
          if (_jspx_th_bean_define_22.doEndTag() == javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag.SKIP_PAGE) {
            _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_22);
            return;
          }
          _jspx_tagPool_bean_define_property_name_id_nobody.reuse(_jspx_th_bean_define_22);
          java.lang.Object heures7 = null;
          heures7 = (java.lang.Object) _jspx_page_context.findAttribute("heures7");
          out.write("\t\r\n\t\n\t\t\tx\r\n\t\t\t");
          out.print(DicoTools.dico(dico_lang , "srv_reveil/monday"));
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t<input id=\"time1\" name=\"horraire1\" type=\"hidden\" class=\"hourPicker\" value=\"");
          out.print(heures1);
          out.write("\" />\r\n\t\t\t<input type='hidden' class='songPicker' name=\"music_id1\" id=\"son1\" title=\"");
          out.print(sonNom1);
          out.write("\" value=\"");
          out.print(music1);
          out.write("\" />\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tx\r\n\t\t\t");
          out.print(DicoTools.dico(dico_lang , "srv_reveil/tuesday"));
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t<input id=\"time2\" name=\"horraire2\" type=\"hidden\" class=\"hourPicker\" value=\"");
          out.print(heures2);
          out.write("\" />\r\n\t\t\t<input type='hidden' class='songPicker' name=\"music_id2\"  id=\"son2\" title=\"");
          out.print(sonNom2);
          out.write("\" value=\"");
          out.print(music2);
          out.write("\" />\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tx\r\n\t\t\t");
          out.print(DicoTools.dico(dico_lang , "srv_reveil/wednesday"));
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t<input id=\"time3\" name=\"horraire3\" type=\"hidden\" class=\"hourPicker\" value=\"");
          out.print(heures3);
          out.write("\" />\r\n\t\t\t<input type='hidden' class='songPicker' name=\"music_id3\"  id=\"son3\"  title=\"");
          out.print(sonNom3);
          out.write("\" value=\"");
          out.print(music3);
          out.write("\"/>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tx\r\n\t\t\t");
          out.print(DicoTools.dico(dico_lang , "srv_reveil/thursday"));
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t<input id=\"time4\" name=\"horraire4\" type=\"hidden\" class=\"hourPicker\" value=\"");
          out.print(heures4);
          out.write("\" />\r\n\t\t\t<input type='hidden' class='songPicker' name=\"music_id4\"  id=\"son4\"  title=\"");
          out.print(sonNom4);
          out.write("\" value=\"");
          out.print(music4);
          out.write("\"/>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tx\r\n\t\t\t");
          out.print(DicoTools.dico(dico_lang , "srv_reveil/friday"));
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t<input id=\"time5\" name=\"horraire5\" type=\"hidden\" class=\"hourPicker\" value=\"");
          out.print(heures5);
          out.write("\" />\r\n\t\t\t<input type='hidden' class='songPicker' name=\"music_id5\"  id=\"son5\"  title=\"");
          out.print(sonNom5);
          out.write("\" value=\"");
          out.print(music5);
          out.write("\"/>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tx\r\n\t\t\t");
          out.print(DicoTools.dico(dico_lang , "srv_reveil/saturday"));
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t<input id=\"time6\" name=\"horraire6\" type=\"hidden\" class=\"hourPicker\" value=\"");
          out.print(heures6);
          out.write("\" />\r\n\t\t\t<input type='hidden' class='songPicker' name=\"music_id6\"  id=\"son6\"  title=\"");
          out.print(sonNom6);
          out.write("\" value=\"");
          out.print(music6);
          out.write("\"/>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tx\r\n\t\t\t");
          out.print(DicoTools.dico(dico_lang , "srv_reveil/sunday"));
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t<input id=\"time7\" name=\"horraire7\" type=\"hidden\" class=\"hourPicker\" value=\"");
          out.print(heures7);
          out.write("\" />\r\n\t\t\t<input type='hidden' class='songPicker' name=\"music_id7\"  id=\"son7\"  title=\"");
          out.print(sonNom7);
          out.write("\" value=\"");
          out.print(music7);
          out.write("\"/>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t");
          if (_jspx_meth_html_hidden_0(_jspx_th_html_form_0, _jspx_page_context))
            return;
          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t");
/* Supression */
          out.write("\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t");
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                _jspx_tagPool_html_button_value_styleClass_property_onclick.reuse(_jspx_th_html_button_0);
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                _jspx_tagPool_html_submit_value_styleClass_property_onclick.reuse(_jspx_th_html_submit_0);
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            _jspx_tagPool_logic_equal_value_name.reuse(_jspx_th_logic_equal_0);
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          out.write("\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t");
/* Mise a jour */
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          _jspx_th_logic_notEqual_1.setParent((javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag) _jspx_th_html_form_0);
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              org.apache.struts.taglib.html.SubmitTag _jspx_th_html_submit_1 = (org.apache.struts.taglib.html.SubmitTag) _jspx_tagPool_html_submit_value_styleClass_property_onclick.get(org.apache.struts.taglib.html.SubmitTag.class);
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                _jspx_tagPool_html_submit_value_styleClass_property_onclick.reuse(_jspx_th_html_submit_1);
                return;
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              _jspx_tagPool_html_submit_value_styleClass_property_onclick.reuse(_jspx_th_html_submit_1);
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        _jspx_tagPool_html_form_styleId_styleClass_action.reuse(_jspx_th_html_form_0);
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      _jspx_tagPool_html_form_styleId_styleClass_action.reuse(_jspx_th_html_form_0);
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Eunuchs in Antiquity & Beyond
Editor: Shaun Tougher
The Classical Press of Wales and Ducksworth, 2002
In antiquity, castration was practiced by herders on their animals, one male animal being able to impregnate many females and castration eliminating fighting among the male animals. When it was first applied to humans is unknown.
The first chapter of the book is the most general and speaks of eunuchs being castrated NOT "to prevent them from having sex with women, but rather to make certain the pregnancy of the harem woman resulted from the seed of the master rather than that of the servant or slave." Total castration, writes the author, Vern L. Bullough, "was unusual."
Female castration in antiquity is also mentioned by Bullough.
Writing of castration for punishment, Bullough mentions Pharaoh Merneptah of the XIXth dynasty, collecting 6359 uncircumcised penises following the defeat of the invading Libyan army. (p.6)
Writing of castration for religious purposes, Bullough speaks of Gnostics wishing to purge themselves of beast-like behavior. He writes too of Hindu sects associated with Vaishnavism giving religious justification for castration and eunuchism.
He ends his article mentioning that what was once accomplished with the knife can now be done with hormones.
Chapter 7 is devoted to the existence of castration in early Christianity.
Chapter 12, "Eunuch Power in Imperial China," by Shih-shan Henry Tsai, begins with a description of Confucians dominating the writing of history and promoting "the politics of sage-kings in the imperial system." Consequently, writes Henry Tsai, "Chinese historians rarely openly and persistently criticized the autocratic political system and the tyranny generated by it. Instead they singled out the eunuchs as the scapegoats..."
The chapters of the book are:
1. Eunuchs in history and society, by Vern L. Bullough (University of Southern California)
2. Eunuchs and the royal harem in Achaemenid Persia, by Lloyd Llewellyn-Jones (Open University, U.K.)
3. Eunuchizing Agamemnon: Dlytemnestra, Adamemonom and maschalismos, by Ruth Bardel (Oxford)
4. Sacred Eunuchism in the cult of the Syrian goddess, by J.L Lightfoot (All Souls College, Oxford)
5. Looking for eunuchs: the galli and Attis in Roman art, by Shelley Hales (Cardiff and Bristol Universities)
6. Eunuchs and gender transformation: Philo's exegesis of the Joseph narrative, by Ra'anan Abusch (Princeton University)
7. Eunuchs and early Christianity by Walter Stevenson (University of Richmond)
8. In or out? Origins of court eunuchs, by Shaun Taugher (Cardiff University, University of Wales)
9. 'Eunuchs of light.' Power, imperial ceremonial and positive representations of eunuchs in Byzantium (4th-12th centuries) by Georges Sidèris, (Collége de France, Paris)
10. Theophylact of Ochrid's In Defense of Eunuchs, by Margaret Mullett (Queen's University, Belfast)
11. Eunuchs in the later Byzantine Empire, c 1250-1400, by Niels Gaul (University of Bonn)
12. Eunuch power in imperial China, by Shih-shan Henry Tsai (University of Arkansas)
13. The other castrati, by (Richard Witt (Foundation of the Hellenic World, Athens)


text:
'Radio Yesterday' Seeks To Counter 'Radio Tomorrow'
A new website called "Radio Yesterday" (Radio Dirooz) has been launched in Iran in an apparent effort to counter RFE/RL's Persian-language Radio Farda, which means Radio Tomorrow in Persian.
"Radio Dirooz" says it aims to review and criticize the work of Radio Farda. The website selects and summarizes reports of Radio Farda or comments by experts and reposts them, recast and with its own spin.
It claims, for example, that Radio Farda has been trying like "other media associated with the movement that claims support for democracy" to suggest there have been differences between Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and President Mahmud Ahmadinejad while "rejoicing" over it.
"Radio Dirooz" has been registered by an individual named Javid Arabshahi, who has registered some 50 other domains, including the website of Iran's hard-line "Hezbollah" in the city of Gonabad.
The editor of Radio Farda's website, Fred Petrossian, suggests that "the time and effort" invested in the newly launched website demonstrates "the impact" Radio Farda is having.
"Radio Dirooz modifies some of the content of our reports to match their goals. They're obviously investing a lot of time in this," Petrossian says.
Last year, Iran's Culture Ministry published a book on Radio Farda that described it as part of a "soft war" against the Islamic republic.