text:
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// This source file is part of the furipota project.
//
// Licensed under MIT. See LICENCE for full licence information.
// See CONTRIBUTORS for the list of contributors to the project.
//
//----------------------------------------------------------------------

const { inspect } = require('util');
const { getType, typeMatches } = require('./types');
const { error } = require('./errors');
const keys = Object.keys;

const SHOW_JS = process.env.DEBUG_FURIPOTA;

function hasComplexParameters(source) {
  return /[\{\[\=]/.test(source);
}

function inferParameterNames(fn) {
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  if (/^function/.test(source)) {
    const [_, args] = source.match(/[^\(]*\((.+)\)/) || ['', ''];
    if (args && !hasComplexParameters(args)) {
      return args.split(/\s*\,\s*/).trim();
    } else {
      return [];
    }
  } else {
    const [_, args] = source.match(/(.+?)=>/) || ['', ''];
    if (args && !hasComplexParameters(args)) {
      return args.split(/\s*\,\s*/).trim();
    } else {
      return [];
    }
  }
}

function formatOrdinal(x) {
  return x === 1 ?  '1st'
  :      x === 2 ?  '2nd'
  :      x === 3 ?  '3rd'
  :      /* else */ `${x}th`;
}

function assertParameters(name, types, optionTypes, parameters = null) {
  return (fn) => {
    const names = parameters || inferParameterNames(fn);
    const maybeName = (i) => names[i] ? ` (${names[i]})` : '';

    return (ctx, ...rest) => {
      assert(rest.length > 1, `Functions require at least one positional argument and one options argument`);
      const args = rest.slice(0, -1);
      const options = rest[rest.length - 1];

      ctx.assert(types.length === args.length, `${name} expects ${types.length} arguments, but ${args.length} were provided.`);
      types.forEach((t, i) => {
        ctx.assertType(t, args[i], `${name} expects ${t} in its ${formatOrdinal(i + 1)} parameter${maybeName(i)}, but got ${getType(args[i])} instead.`)
      });

      keys(optionTypes).filter(x => x !== '_').forEach(k => {
        const key = k.replace(/\?$/, '');
        const type = optionTypes[k];
        if (key in options) {
          ctx.assertType(type, options[key], `${name} expects ${type} for the option ${key}, but got ${getType(options[key])} instead.`);
        } else if (!/\?$/.test(k)) {
          ctx.assert(false, `${name} expects an option ${key} of type ${type}, but none was provided.`);
        }
      });

      return fn(ctx, ...rest);
    };
  }
}

function assert(expr, message) {
  if (!expr) {
    throw error('FAILED-ASSERTION', message);
  }
}

function assertType(type, value, message = null) {
  const actual = getType(value);
  const defaultMessage = `Expected a value of type ${type}, but got ${actual} instead.`;
  if (!typeMatches(type, value)) {
    let details = '';
    if (SHOW_JS) {
      details = `\n\n${inspect(value, true, 5, true)}\n`;
    }

    throw error('FAILED-ASSERTION', `${message || defaultMessage}${details}`);
  }
}

module.exports = { assertParameters, assert, assertType };

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Executive Views & Updates
Gil Chua reminisces first visit of DDB Worldwide CEO in PH
DDB Worldwide CEO Wendy Clark with Gil Chua and family at the 2019 Digicon
Former DDB Worldwide CEO Keith Reinhard at Gil Chua's residence in 1997
The recent visit to the Philippines of DDB Worldwide (DDB) Global Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Wendy Clark brought back fond memories for DDB Group Philippines Chairman and CEO Gil G. Chua.
It was in 1997 when, as executive vice president and head of Media and Account Management of AMA-DDB Needham Worldwide Philippines (the forerunner of DDB Group Phils.), Gil welcomed then DDB's global CEO Keith Reinhard to the country.
He brought Reinhard to his home in White Plains, Quezon City with his three children serving as his unofficial welcoming committee. His eldest son Chewy was then 20 years old, while his two daughters, Anna and Diane, are 18 and 15 years old, respectively.
Twenty-two years later, Gil, now DDB Group Philippines' Chairman and CEO, would welcome another DDB Worldwide CEO, Wendy Clark.
And this time, DDB Group Philippines has grown to become one of the country's largest integrated creative business solutions and services provider. Gil had an army of employees welcoming his special guest. And among the DDB leaders in the Philippines that welcomed Clark were the same people who welcomed Reinhard in 1997 – his kids!
Still adolescents during the late '90s Philippine visit of Reinhard, who is now Chairman Emeritus of DDB Worldwide, the Chua progenies are now part of DDB Group Philippines as three of its key executives. Chewy is the managing director of the group's data analytics arm Agile Intelligence, Anna Chua-Norbert is the Chief Culture Officer primarily in charge of the group's Talent Management and Corporate Affairs, while Diane Chua is the managing director of the group's digital agency Tribal Worldwide Philippines.
"My kids are part of my DDB journey from the very start. They've joined me in welcoming Reinhard, the first time DDB's global CEO visited the country, up to now when an advertising powerhouse of a woman, Wendy Clark, visited the country.
"We are a family here at DDB Group Philippines… literally! It's been such a blessing to have my children share their talent and passion with the group. Yes, you can definitely say that being a DDB leader runs in the family," Chua said.
A part of DDB Worldwide, DDB Group Philippines (www.ddb.com.ph) is the country's first integrated marketing communications and services network that provides total business solutions to client partners. It comprises three agency networks (DDB PHL, DDB MNL, Tribal Worldwide Philippines), three specialist agencies (Ripple8, Agile Intelligence, Bent and Buzz), two media companies (Touch XDA and Optimax), and five strategic business units.
One of the world's largest and most influential advertising and marketing networks, DDB Worldwide has been named Agency of the Year numerous times by the Cannes International Festival of Creativity and the industry's leading advertising publications and awards shows. For 12 of the last 15 years, the Gunn Report has listed DDB as one of the Top 3 Global Networks.
DDB's Global CEO Wendy Clark on bravery, other principles that transform brands, careers Previous post
It's a Toontastic Halloween at DDB Next post
Executive Views & UpdatesWhat's New October 21, 2019
DDB's Global CEO Wendy Clark on bravery, other principles that transform brands, careers
MANILA, Philippines – In her keynote address at the recent DigiCon 2019, DDB…
Executive Views & Updates September 18, 2019
'My Father, the Chief Purpose Officer'
DDB Group Philippines' Culture Chief Anna Chua-Norbert writes a birthday piece for her dad,…
Executive Views & Updates August 28, 2019
DDB Group Philippines ends 2019 first half on high note with new biz wins
One of the country's leading full-service marketing communications groups, DDB Group Philippines (DDB) grew…

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


A lot of people would see a business manager as someone who is dripping in sweat while working on paper works. Someone who has been facing the computer for quite a long time without any rest. Someone who is losing hair because of the intense stress that he or she has been feeling. You look at the manager as someone who is around sixty years old only to know that he or she is still around forty years old.
It is a sad fact but this is actually happening to a lot of business managers over the world but this does not have to be the case. You have to know that with the right tech for business managers, it will be easier to manage the business without losing your cool. And here some important tips that could save you the trouble.
Consider going paperless with your files.
You have to change the image of what people see when imagining a stressed business manager. You should know that business managers should not have papers on their desks anymore, they need to start to shift to technology. With technology, it will give these business managers the break that they always wanted, just wait. The image you had with business managers is now turning a bit brighter, yeah? But people are asking about the papers, where did they go?
There are no longer hard copies these days because of technology. You can now go with a paperless company and start with using the computer for storing files.
A lot of people keep their important files and documents on their computer, this is happening because of the advancement of technology. This helps give people better space for their office plus they do not have to worry about piles of paper inside their office. They will also be able to access their computer every day.
When you keep your documents in your computer, it will be easier, quicker and more organized. You do not have to spend money time or use paper for printing them because you can check them every day inside your computer. But there are also certain risks for your documents that are in your computer. It would be bad if it gets into the wrong person's hands. Everything that you have in there that is private will be at risk.
This is why you have to have proper security when it comes to your important documents.
People are fortunate that storing their documents safe on their tech is now easy to do today.
If you want an easier time with your job as a business manager, use technology for managing, it will be better.


text:
REPUBLIC DAY PARADE HELD AT Eastern Naval Command
Decommissioned 'Khukri' To Be Handed Over to Diu Administration
Western Naval Command Conducts Joint Maritime Exercise Paschim Lehar
Jiya Rai, PM Rashtriya Bal Puraskar Awardee, Felicitated by FOC-In-C West
Indian Military
Aerial Systems
Left Wing Extremism
Strategic Issues
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Towards Bi-Multipolarity
Russia-India partnership has the potential to shape geopolitics of the Eurasian region
Sanjaya Baru is an economist, a former newspaper editor, a best-selling author, and former adviser to Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. He also happens to be one of the thinkers who most keenly understands the complexities of the contemporary world order. Baru proposed the concept of what he calls bi-multipolarity in his article titled 'The Geo-economics of Multipolarity'. It was published in the book 'Asia between Multipolarism and Multipolarity' that was released last year by Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analysis (IDSA). Baru is also a distinguished fellow at IDSA.
Bi-multipolarity, as he defines it, is an evolution of the late Samuel P. Huntington's concept of uni-multipolarity. Baru's article acknowledges the existence of three primary civilisations in Asia–the Chinese, Indian, and Islamic –which he notes have 'existed alongside each other for centuries.' In the present geopolitical context, 'the US and China are the two dominant powers but their power is constrained by the presence of several "major powers"–namely India, Iran, Japan, Russia, Turkey, the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and the ASEAN.' These countries actively work to balance the influence of that dominant pair in Asia.
The Indian expert elaborates that 'While each of the major Asian powers would individually like the US to balance China within Asia, they would not join the US in an anti-China containment strategy. They would all prefer a multipolar Asia but recognise, like Huntington, that it will take time before Asia becomes truly multipolar.' His concept is intriguing even if his assessment that India and Japan aren't joining the US in an anti-China containment strategy is challenged by their participation in the Quad. Japan is solidly on the US' side though India is still practicing a regularly recalibrated policy of multi-alignment between the US and Russia.
These details aside, which aren't by any means insignificant, Baru's bi-multipolarity concept deserves to be more widely discussed because it keenly identifies the trend of the major Asian powers balancing between the dominant American and Chinese ones through geo-economic and geopolitical means. He was given the opportunity to raise greater awareness of his strategic observations during his latest interview with the publicly financed Russian international media outlet Sputnik. His views were published alongside other experts in the article titled 'An Unpredictable Ally: Does The AUKUS Pact Undermine The Quad's Significance?'
Russia's Balancing Act
It was actually this piece which brought Baru's bi-multipolarity concept to my attention and inspired me to research more about it. I discovered that it very closely aligns with my own views that I elaborated upon in two pieces earlier this year. The first was for Pakistan's Express Tribune and was a rebuttal to the globally renowned structural realism theorist John Mearsheimer published under the title 'Why Structural Realists Are Wrong To Predict That Russia Will Help The US Against China'. I drew attention to what Baru might describe as Russia's bi-multipolar policy to balance China's rise in a gentle way through its strategic partnership with India.
The second piece was for the Russian International Affairs Council (RIAC), a prestigious think tank in which Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov serves as the Chairman of the Board of Trustees. Titled 'Towards Increasingly Complex Multipolarity: Scenario For The Future', my analysis forecasts a future in which Asia's major powers engage in complex balancing acts with one another with an aim to accelerate the emerging Multipolar World Order. Both pieces cited the academic article that I co-authored last year for Vestnik, the official journal of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO).
MGIMO is run by the Russian foreign ministry and trains the country's diplomatic cadre. My co-authored article for them was titled 'The Prospects Of Russia And India Jointly Leading A New Non-Aligned Movement'. It builds upon two articles published the year prior in 2019 by Russian experts for the Valdai Club, another prestigious Russian thinktank, proposing that these special and privileged strategic partners jointly lead a more modern form of the Non-Aligned Movement in order to improve their and their partners' balancing capabilities between China and the US. I argued that this neo-NAM, as I termed it, has promising prospects.
Modi and Putin at Kremlin
What my work and Baru's have in common is that they acknowledge the leading role of China and the US in shaping the emerging world order, one in which major powers like India and Russia are actively balancing between those two countries as well as intensifying relations with one another in order to sustain the multipolar trends that grant them and their similarly positioned partners greater strategic autonomy within this system. Baru focuses more on the conceptual framework in which all these players are operating whereas I devote more attention to the Russian-Indian axis within it. Our respective works are therefore complementary.
The Russia-US-China Triangle
The bi-multipolar order that Baru describes and which I endorse is extremely complex due to the multitude of players involved and the risks of various axes' moves inadvertently provoking security dilemmas with others such as the one that I warn about between Russia and India on one hand and China on the other. The US' grand strategic goal is to divide and rule Asia through its manipulation of the Russia-US-China and India-US-China triangles. This dual triangulation policy is extremely crafty since it aims to exploit Russia and India's pre-existing concerns vis-a-vis China in order to create scenarios for further complicating matters for the People's Republic.
To explain, Russia fears becoming disproportionately dependent on China, which was recently expressed by its influential scholar Sergey Karaganov in an interview in August. I analysed his views in my piece at the time for the OneWorld online information outlet titled 'Russian Scholar Karaganov Articulated Russia's Balancing Act With China'. In order to preempt this, Russia is exploring the possibility of a rapprochement with the EU so as to counterbalance China's growing influence over its economy. It's also pioneering what I described as its 'Ummah Pivot' with the majority-Muslim countries beyond its southern frontier.
I elaborated more on this concept in my two-part analytical series for RIAC earlier this summer published under the titles 'The Geostrategic Challenges Of Russia's Ummah Pivot' and 'Russia's Ummah Pivot: Opportunities & Narrative Engagement'. It can be summarised as Russia's creative application of bi-multipolar policies in North Africa, West Asia, the South Caucasus, Central Asia, and South Asia aimed at increasing its overall role in the affairs of those concerned countries. In the context of this present analysis, the 'Ummah Pivot' reduces Russia's post-Crimean dependence on China and complements its diplomatic engagements with the EU.
These two vectors pair perfectly with its special and privileged strategic partnership with India to create a three-pronged approach to gently balancing China's rise in Asia, which is an observation that hasn't escaped American policymakers' attention. Although there's still some debate within the American establishment about whether Russia or China constitutes their country's greatest strategic challenge, the latest trend has been to comparatively reduce pressure on Russia through attempts to regulate the US' competition with it in order for Washington to focus more on containing China.
This is evidenced through the Biden Administration's decision to waive most Nord Stream II sanctions, the American President's meeting with his Russian counterpart in Geneva, and low-level but nevertheless pragmatic cooperation in Afghanistan and Syria. These moves aim to encourage the trends of a Russian-EU rapprochement and the 'Ummah Pivot' within manageable limits for America in order to indirectly reduce Russia's dependence on China for the purpose of bolstering Moscow's multipolar balancing capabilities against it. The less dependent Russia becomes on China, the thinking goes, the less China can benefit from it.
BrahMos missile being fired from an autonomous launcher
The India-US-China Triangle
The Indian dimension of the US' dual triangulation policy is more explicitly aimed against Chinese interests and relates to relying on the South Asian state as a key partner in their shared desire to contain the People's Republic in much more direct ways than Russia's balancing act does. America hopes to take advantage of pre-existing tensions between these Asian powers on a range of issues from their disputed frontier to supply chains, tech, and trade in order to provoke a more pronounced security dilemma that can then be exploited even further. The US' ideal goal is to turn India and China into irreconcilable enemies through the Quad.
The American challenge as of late however, is that the Indian leadership doesn't seem to be as gung-ho about this as before after last year's border conflict with China. One might have predicted that this would have made that scenario all the more probable when in reality it seems to have influenced India to reconsider whether it should turn China into an irreconcilable enemy. This observation is validated by the improvement of Russian-Indian relations from that point onward after they had unexpectedly been characterised by rising mistrust over the year prior due to India's comparatively more enthusiastic desire to ally with America against China.
The US is against that trend since it fears that Russia could influence India to moderate its anti-Chinese grand strategy out of pragmatism and thus enable Moscow to manage its two strategic partners' security dilemma with a reduced risk of it being exploited by external forces to divide and rule them. That's the main reason why it's threatened to sanction New Delhi for its commitment to go through with its deal to purchase S-400 air defence systems from Moscow. This was counterproductive though and actually served to accelerate the improvement of Russian-Indian relations.
Washington wrongly thought that it could sabotage their special and privileged strategic partnership through sanctions and threats, but it backfired badly. India wisely came to fear that the US wanted to coerce it into a relationship of disproportionate dependence similar to the one that Russia fears falling into with China. Had New Delhi pulled out of the S-400 deal, it would have ruined relations with Moscow, prompted a crisis within the South Asian state's military-industrial complex that's still closely integrated with the Eurasian Great Power; and essentially would have turned India into the US' 'junior partner' in perpetuity.
The Russian-Indian Axis
In the face of this grand strategic threat to its sovereignty, India once again recalibrated its multi-alignment policy to bestow a greater role for Russia with the intent of relying on it to gently counterbalance the US' attempt to coerce India to a dangerous relationship of disproportionate dependence. While the US can indirectly encourage the European and 'Ummah Pivot' vectors of Russia's balancing act and directly support India against China through the Quad so as to ultimately create more complicated scenarios for the People's Republic, it's totally failed to influence the pivotal Russia-India axis within this bi-multipolar system.
Russia and India are aware of their similar positions within the US' dual triangulation policy for dividing and ruling Asia, and the trust-based relations between them explain why they've restored the significance of their special and privileged strategic partnership in order to coordinate their moves within this framework in advance of their shared multipolar interests. Nevertheless, they must still be very careful in order to not make any moves that could inadvertently play into the US' grand strategic plans by provoking a security dilemma with China, hence the need to proceed very carefully in the coming future lest their ambitious aims be for naught.
It's here that my proposal for the neo-NAM can be most pertinent in the context of Baru's bi-multipolarity concept. Russia and India want to strengthen their strategic autonomy vis-a-vis China while avoiding the pitfall of inadvertently provoking a strategic dilemma with China by pivoting too much towards the EU and the 'Ummah' and/ or the US respectively. The Great Powers' grand strategic goals and sensitivities regarding China make them natural partners and should serve to inspire them to rely more on one another. There are two means through which this can be achieved at differing risks of provoking China.
Geo-Economic Balancing
Russia's 'Ummah Pivot' can see Moscow leveraging its newfound influence in this transregional space in order to facilitate India's geo-economic connectivity with these countries and beyond. This can be achieved through reviving the stalled North-South Transport Corridor (NSTC) and supporting the prospective Arab-Mediterranean Corridor (AMC). The first relates to opening the doors for India in Central Asia, Russia, and the Black Sea via Iran while the second involves the South Asian state pioneering a corridor with Europe via the West Asian countries of the GCC and Israel, both of which are Russia's partners, with the latter being an exceptionally close one.
Much is already known about the NSTC but very little has been said about the AMC. Professor Michaël Tanchum, who is a senior fellow at the Austrian Institute for European and Security Policy as well as a non-resident fellow at the Middle East Institute among his many other professional distinctions, published a detailed report about the AMC at the National University of Singapore's Institute of South Asian Studies in August titled 'India's Arab-Mediterranean Corridor: A Paradigm Shift In Strategic Connectivity To Europe'. It should be read in full by those who are interested in learning more about this corridor.
If successful, then this vector of India's geo-economic multi-alignment policy would result in strengthening its strategic autonomy without provoking China or increasing disproportionate dependence on the US. Regarding what India can do for Russia, it can invest more in its partner's resource-rich Far East region and open economic doors for it in ASEAN through which their newly created Vladivostok-Chennai Maritime Corridor (VCMC) traverses since 2019, and in which New Delhi already commands a lot of influence. India can also position itself to become the centrepiece of Russia's future Indo-Pacific policy, which has yet to be officially formulated.
These complementary proposals create the geo-economic basis upon which neo-NAM can be built for coordinating similarly positioned major countries' balancing acts vis-a-vis China and the US in the contemporary bi-multipolar system. Smaller countries across Asia, as well as Africa too could gravitate towards this jointly led Russian-Indian network if it eventually becomes influential enough to function as a de facto third pole. Their overlapping strategic interests in this complexly evolving international system could also inspire them to create a powerful voting bloc within the UN for politically balancing Chinese and US influence there.
Military Diplomacy
Another element to keep in mind is the neo-NAM's 'military diplomacy' dimension. This concept refers to the use of military means short of kinetic action in order to achieve strategic ends. The Russian way has Moscow selling arms to rival pairs of countries such as Armenia & Azerbaijan, China & India, China & Vietnam, Iran & Saudi Arabia, and Syria & Turkey in order to maintain the military balance between them so as to encourage political solutions to their disputes. The American way, meanwhile, is aimed at disrupting that balance by privileging one country in a dispute in order to encourage it to take unilateral military action.
Russia and India have the chance to practice a pragmatic form of 'military diplomacy' through their plans to export the jointly produced BRAHMOS supersonic cruise missiles to the Philippines and perhaps also to other countries like Vietnam that are engaged in territorial disputes with China. The purpose in doing so is to compete with America's destabilising form of 'military diplomacy' there in order to retain the balance of power and encourage all parties to peacefully settle their disputes. In theory, this policy could be replicated among all countries that participate in the jointly led neo-NAM, with preferential deals for each other.
Nevertheless, it is this possibility of bi-multipolar policies that runs the greatest risk of provoking China, if it is not properly managed, which is why Russia and India should proceed with the utmost caution if they decide to practice it. I have elaborated more on these concerns in the article I wrote for Express Tribune in late 2020, titled 'Why It's Risky For Russia To Export BrahMos Missiles To The South China Sea'. Even if the decision is made to limit the practice of their joint 'military diplomacy' in this region, it can still be pursued in other parts of Afro-Eurasia to give partnered countries a much-needed choice between the Chinese and the US arms.
India's external affairs minister S. Jaishankar with his Russian and Chinese counterparts during the SCO Meet
An Appeal For More Academic Literature
While the specific dynamics of the potentially expanded Russia-India strategic partnership have yet to be determined, particularly in the context of the proposed neo-NAM, it should be clear to their decision makers that comprehensively expanding their relationship is mutually beneficial in the bi-multipolar context since it bolsters their respective strategic autonomy vis-a-vis China and the US. Neither Russia nor India wants to become disproportionately dependent on China, though they also don't want to provoke it either or strategically submit themselves to the West (the EU and the US respectively).
Their individual efforts to balance China to differing extents (Russia's being much gentler than India's) are understandable considering their shared interests relative to that country, but they mustn't be indirectly or directly exploited by the US respectively for the purpose of provoking a security dilemma between them and the People's Republic like America aims to do through its dual triangulation policy. It thus makes sense for them to coordinate their balancing acts more closely, especially since it is their axis that the US wanted so desperately to sabotage.
The Russia-India axis can therefore be described as the most pivotal one within Baru's bi-multipolarity concept. No other pair of major powers has anywhere near the same potential to shape the strategic situation in Asia as they do. More academic work should be done to explore the means through which they can jointly balance Chinese and the US influence on the continent without inadvertently provoking a security dilemma with either of them while also influencing other similarly positioned countries to follow their lead. Russia and India, more so than anyone else, can therefore do the most to advance the shared cause of Asian multipolarity.
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text:
Vector in C++ STL
Initialize a vector in C++ (7 different ways)
Map in C++ Standard Template Library (STL)
std::sort() in C++ STL
Bitwise Operators in C/C++
The C++ Standard Template Library (STL)
Inheritance in C++
Object Oriented Programming in C++
C++ Classes and Objects
Virtual Function in C++
Set in C++ Standard Template Library (STL)
Multidimensional Arrays in C / C++
Constructors in C++
C++ Data Types
vector erase() and clear() in C++
Left Shift and Right Shift Operators in C/C++
Converting Strings to Numbers in C/C++
unordered_map in C++ STL
Substring in C++
Socket Programming in C/C++
Templates in C++ with Examples
Operator Overloading in C++
Copy Constructor in C++
rand() and srand() in C++
2D Vector In C++ With User Defined Size
Stack in C++ STL
getline (string) in C++
Priority Queue in C++ Standard Template Library (STL)
Different Methods to Reverse a String in C++
Memory Limit Exceeded Error
Difficulty Level : Easy
Last Updated : 13 Jul, 2021
Memory Limit Exceeded Error: It typically occurs when no memory limit has been set. It means that the program is trying to allocate more memory than the memory limit for the particular problem. For Example, if the memory limit is 256 MB, then there is no need to write code that requires more than 256 MB of memory. Generally, all online platforms have the same memory limit as 256 MB. There might be many more reasons due to which this error can occur.
Program 1:
Below is the C++ program to declaring a global 1D array of size 107:
// C++ program to declare the array
// of size 10^7 globally
// Variable N initialized
const int N = 1e7;
// Global array is declared
int a[N];
a[i] = i;
cout << a[N - 1];
Explanation: This code will successfully compile and output is 9999999 because the 1-D array has been declared globally of size 107.
Program 2: Below is the C++ program to declare a global 1D array of size 108:
// C++ code declaring a global 1-D
// array of size 10^8
// Variable N is initialized
Memory Limit Exceeded
Segmentation Fault (SIGSEGV)
Explanation: In the above program, the users will get a memory limit and exceed as an error, but some online platforms can also give an error as a Segmentation Fault(SIGSEGV). This is because users can only declare a global 1-D array of size 107, not more than that. Here, one declared a global 1-D array of size 108 and therefore has an error as the memory limit exceeded (MLE) occurs.
Note that trying to exceed the memory limit may sometimes result in other errors.
An example would be if users are using malloc in C to allocate memory. If malloc fails because the user is trying to allocate too much, it simply returns a null pointer which, unless checked for it, would probably cause a Run Time Error when the user tries to use it.
Similarly, trying to allocate too much memory in C++ using new would cause a SIGABRT and give Run Time Error.
Implementation of Quick sort using MPI, OMP and Posix thread
Menu-Based program to find the volume of 3D shapes using function overloading
1. erf | Error functions using cmath in C++
2. How to find Segmentation Error in C & C++ ? (Using GDB)
3. error: call of overloaded 'function(x)' is ambiguous | Ambiguity in Function overloading in C++
4. cerr - Standard Error Stream Object in C++
5. NULL undeclared error in C/C++ and how to resolve it
6. How to fix auto keyword error in Dev-C++
7. Expression must have class type error in C++
8. Error handling during file operations in C/C++
9. Reason of runtime error in C/C++
10. "Access is Denied error" in C++ Visual Studio and How to resolve it
chaitanyatekne5
@chaitanyatekne5
Current difficulty : Easy
sweetyty
CPP-Basics
Master C++ Basic To Advanced


A more square style halo design adds a unique look to this gorgeous yet delicate diamond engagement ring with side stones. Featured with 0.5 carats of pave diamonds in 14k white gold with an average width of 2.5mm . This ring is fully customizable, so pick your center diamond size, color and clarity and we will custom build it for you.


Humans love swimming pools. If you want proof, consider that we've been building them since roughly the first day we figured out how to do it. Archaeologists have discovered sophisticated public bathing tanks in the Indus Valley dating back 5,000 years, and the first heated swimming pool was constructed in Rome during the reign of Augustus Caesar.
This means that people have now been struggling with the headaches of regular pool maintenance for at least 2,000 years. With over 10 million residential pools and over 300,000 public pools in the US alone, that's a lot of headaches.
Bay Area technology startup Sutro Connect is now eliminating those headaches and giving Americans the chance to love their pools (or spas) againTM. Sutro Connect's AI-powered Smart Monitor uses IoT technology to continuously measure water conditions, send alerts when the pool needs attention, and make recommendations for which chemicals to add and when. For pool owners, that means no surprises, no guesswork, and no time or money wasted on unnecessary chemicals or dumped water.
The nature of pool and spa maintenance makes it an obvious candidate for automation: the work is tedious, stressful, involves a lot of math (related to chemical proportions and interactions) and is subject to frequent human error.
Growing up in the pool and spa industry, Sutro Connect founder Ravi Kurani saw firsthand how the continuous hassle and expense of maintenance can turn the joy of pool ownership into an ongoing nightmare for pool owners.
Based on in-field experience evaluating and developing water monitoring systems for rural communities, he knew that the technology could be adapted to the specific requirements of water quality management.
For homeowners, institutions, and pool maintenance providers the advantages are obvious: eliminate guesswork, reduce waste, save money, and turn time spent worrying about a pool, spa, or hot tub into time spent enjoying it.
Sutro Connect's patented solution is elegant, unobtrusive, beautifully designed, with advanced sensor and AI capabilities hidden inside a remarkably simple-looking physical package.
The Sutro Connect Smart Monitor floats in a pool or spa and continuously monitors important water quality values like pH, chlorine, and alkalinity. This information is transmitted directly to the Sutro Connect hub, which uploads the information to the cloud for analysis and easy access.
Thanks to the Sutro Connect app, owners can always be certain at a glance that the water in their pool is safe for swimming. When needed, the app will make maintenance recommendations based on real-time conditions, using the owner's preferred pool chemistry, and Sutro Connect's network of partners ensures that nearby real-world help is always standing by if needed.
For most "smart home" solutions, it's easy enough to get connected using existing home Wi-Fi. And if your pool happens to be in Wi-Fi range, that's great! But a lot of home pools aren't so conveniently located, and for gyms, clubs, schools or other institutions it's not always feasible to provide network access.
Soracom's cellular connectivity provides a simple and reliable backup that reaches where Wi-Fi can't to ensure that everything works as it should no matter where a user's pool is located. But as it turns out, reliable cellular connectivity is just the start.
For a consumer IoT company like Sutro Connect, one of the major challenges on the way to full-scale deployment is proper device provisioning. Public cloud services like AWS require each device to bear unique security credentials. Typically, these credentials would need to be installed on each device at the time of manufacture. However, this adds significant time, complexity, and potential for error. And because the credentials are stored on the device, it also opens up a potential security risk.
To streamline device manufacturing and speed-to-market, Sutro Connect uses Soracom Krypton for remote, on-demand device provisioning and credential management. This removes manufacturing dependencies, enhances device security, and also ensures compliance with California's new device security requirements.
Sutro Connect's core product is purpose-built to make life easier for anyone who owns or maintains a pool, spa, or hot tub. With millions of pools in the United States alone, Sutro Connect is squarely focused on a Summer 2019 product release.
However, Sutro Connect's sensor modules are well suited to measuring the chemical content of water anywhere it's needed, from municipal reservoirs to source rivers and streams. In addition to pool-specific tests like chlorine level and pH, Sutro Connect's patented hardware and software can be readily adapted to support dozens of additional water tests. Looking ahead, Sutro Connect will be uniquely positioned to ensure not only the safety of the water we swim in but the water we drink and use to irrigate our crops.


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Q: How do I get Ansible to use the same SSH port as the SSH proxy packer has launched? I'm running packer inside a docker container to provision a windows server in AWS. I'm using winrm to connect to the packer builder but I run into a problem when running an ansible playbook step in my packer build.
It seems that packer launches an ssh proxy which then forwards the commands to my remote machine via winrm (from the logs):
packer: 2017/11/09 09:33:37 SSH proxy: serving on 127.0.0.1:45145

A little further down, I see this:
<127.0.0.1> ESTABLISH SSH CONNECTION FOR USER: root[0m
 <127.0.0.1> SSH: EXEC ssh -C -o ControlMaster=auto
-o ControlPersist=60s
-o StrictHostKeyChecking=no
-o 'IdentityFile="/tmp/ansible-key835953388"'
-o KbdInteractiveAuthentication=no
-o PreferredAuthentications=gssapi-with-mic,gssapi-keyex,hostbased,publickey
-o PasswordAuthentication=no
-o User=root
-o ConnectTimeout=10
-o ControlPath=/root/.ansible/cp/842df7d42c 127.0.0.1 'PowerShell -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted -EncodedCommand <redacted>'
<127.0.0.1> (255, '', 'ssh: connect to host 127.0.0.1 port 22: Connection refused\r\n')

I see an obvious problem:
"SSH proxy: serving on 127.0.0.1:45145" ---> "ssh: connect to host 127.0.0.1 port 22"
Packer uses a 'random' port each time - and ansible is using the default port.
How can I get packer to use the same port as ansible?

A: It looks like I just needed to supply a config setting to packer:
https://www.packer.io/docs/provisioners/ansible.html#local_port

local_port (string) - The port on which to attempt to listen for SSH connections. This value is a starting point. The provisioner will attempt listen for SSH connections on the first available of ten ports, starting at local_port. A system-chosen port is used when local_port is missing or empty.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


New York is the most recent state to pass new rules about how people in prison are counted in the U.S. Census. The law passed on Tuesday evening provides that for purposes of political redistricting, incarcerated persons count as residents of their places of residence prior to incarceration, not as residents at their place of incarceration.
Maryland passed a similar rule in April. Delaware passed one in June. If other states move in this direction, it will become a trend that the Census Bureau cannot ignore. The Bureau's job, after all, is to take the Census. Three states representing 8.5 percent of the US population think something is wrong. As the votes of no confidence continue, the Census may need to change its practice.
First, some history. The Census Bureau's general rule is to count people at their "usual residence," the place where they live and sleep most of the time. People's usual residence need not be the same as their legal or voting address -- but still determining the usual residence for most people is as easy as filling out a form. Special categories present special challenges, however. Sailors in the merchant marine, children in joint custody and long-term commuters all require different rules, and these rules have evolved over time. People in prison are in a category called "group quarters" which includes nursing homes, college dormitories, military installations and other places where unrelated persons live together. As a rule, people in group quarters count where the group quarters are located. For people in prison, that's the prison. In cases like college dormitories, individuals are given forms and invited to fill them out, generally choosing either the college or their family home.
Applying the simple usual residence rule to people in prison might once have been reasonable -- but no more. Nowadays 2.4 million people are in prison or jail in America. Nowadays, more people live in prison and jail than in our three least populous states combined. Organized differently, they would have six votes in the United States Senate, almost votes enough to move from majority to cloture. The Census Bureau rule no longer makes sense.
Even more insidious, this population counts in the rural area with the prison but not in the similar adjacent rural without the prison, which enhances the prison region's clout compared to its neighbors. Researchers (and I have long been one of them) call it "prison-based gerrymandering."
In New York State one out of every three people who moved to upstate New York in the 1990s actually "moved" into a prison. Most of them (66%) are New York City residents, but the vast majority of them (91%) are counted by the Census as residents of upstate prison towns. The new bill changes that. (The bill passed the Assembly a while ago and passed the Senate late Tuesday evening; it awaits the governor's signature wrapped in the budget bill).
Yes, there is a solution. For the 2010 census, the Bureau has agreed to release micro-data early enough that jurisdictions who choose can try to correct the problem manually. It's hard work abut it's a step in the right direction. For 2020, the Census Bureau should simply give people in prison a form to fill out, just like they do for the rest of the population. Prisons are highly controlled environments where mail, food, uniforms and work orders are distributed daily. Passing out the Census form would present little problem. As a back-up, official data for address at time of arrest or for supervision upon release are generally available in institutional files.


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In chemistry, the alkoxy group is an alkyl group which is singularly bonded to oxygen; thus .  The range of alkoxy groups is vast, the simplest being methoxy (). An ethoxy group () is found in the organic compound ethyl phenyl ether (, also known as ethoxybenzene).

Related to alkoxy groups are aryloxy groups, which have an aryl group singularly bonded to oxygen such as the phenoxy group ().

An alkoxy or aryloxy group bonded to an alkyl or aryl () is an ether. If bonded to H it is an alcohol.

An alkoxide can refer to salts of alcohols, and they are ionic compounds containing an alkoxide ions ; it is a derivative of an alcohol where the hydrogen of the –OH group is replaced by a metal, for example sodium salt of ethanol () is sodium ethoxide, containing ethoxide anions  and sodium cations .

References

Functional groups

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Chris Barbosa is a dynamic instrumentalist from the Tampa Bay Region who has performed in many bands, orchestras, and venues across Florida and the U.S. He is a violist in the band The Porch Sessions who were nominated for best rock instrumental band in Creative Loafing's Best of the Bay Awards , and also plays in the lively folk and bluegrass band Boxcar Hollow. Chris has developed his musical talent through classical training at FSU's College of Music and continues to strive further for musical virtuosity.


text:
Rossman's garter snake (Thamnophis rossmani) is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to Mexico.

Etymology
The specific name rossmani is in honor of the American herpetologist Douglas A. Rossman.

Geographic range
T. rossmani is found in the Mexican state of Nayarit.

Habitat
The natural habitat of T. rossmani is freshwater wetlands.

Reproduction
T. rossmani is viviparous. A female was observed giving birth to four live young. Each neonate had a snout-to-vent length of about .

References

Further reading
Conant R (2000). "A new species of garter snake from Western Mexico". Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge (76): 1–7. (Thamnophis rossmani, new species).
Heimes P (2016). Snakes of Mexico: Herpetofauna Mexicana Vol. I. Frankfurt, Germany: Chimaira. 572 pp. .
Wallach V, Williams KL, Boundy J (2014). Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. 1,237 pp. . (Thamnophis rossmani, p. 725).
Woolrich-Piña GA, Ponce-Campos P, Loc-Barragán J, Ramirez-Silva JP, Mata-Silva V, Johnson JD, García-Padilla E, Wilson LD (2016). "The herpetofauna of Nayarit, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status". Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (2): 375–448. (in English, with an abstract in Spanish).

Thamnophis
Reptiles described in 2000
Reptiles of Mexico
Taxa named by Roger Conant


The Nike swoosh logo can be seen prominently at the top of Kevin Durant's socks.
Nike is the new supplier of uniforms for the NBA, and that includes the socks.
Nike will reportedly pay the NBA $1 billion over eight seasons for the right to plaster its logo all over NBA players.
Stephen Curry and James Harden are not Nike athletes and apparently don't want the swoosh near their shoes.
The NBA went through a major visual overhaul this season as Nike and the league struck what Darren Rovell of ESPN said was an eight-year, $1 billion deal for the athletic shoe and apparel giant to become the official supplier of NBA uniforms.
We are less than one month into that new deal, and Nike and the NBA are already running into problems. The most notable problem has been the prevalence of ripped jerseys, something Nike is said to be working on.
But another, potentially larger problem has gone largely unnoticed: Some of the NBA's biggest stars seem to be going out of their way to hide some of the Nike swooshes on the uniforms.
In addition to adding advertising patches to the jerseys of many teams, the NBA also allowed Nike to add its logo to the uniforms, something Adidas was not permitted to do under the previous uniform contract. Less noticeable has been the addition of the Nike swoosh to NBA socks, as the company also replaced the sockmaker Stance for the official sock of the NBA.
The problem with the swoosh on the socks is that it is awfully close to the shoes, a big source of endorsement revenue for NBA players. And Stephen Curry and James Harden, two of the NBA's biggest stars, apparently don't want the swoosh anywhere near their non-Nike sneakers.
Curry is the face of Under Armour in the NBA. Since Nike took over the uniform contract, Curry has been rolling his socks down, which hides the swoosh. Compare this with Kevin Durant's socks, as seen at the top of this post.
Steph Curry is rolling his socks down this season, a move that hides the Nike logo.
According to a source with the NBA, there is nothing in the NBA's operations manual that would prohibit a player from rolling down his socks.
Harden, who is the NBA face of Adidas, previously rolled his socks down in a similar manner to Curry. As first noted by Paul Lukas of Uni Watch, however, he appears to now be going to the extra length of just cutting the top of the socks off and removing the Nike logo altogether.
James Harden appears to be cutting the Nike logos off of his socks.
And this wasn't a one-time occurrence. Harden appears to have cut the top off his socks in at least three other games this season.
It is less clear whether physically removing the Nike logo violates NBA rules. It was suggested to Business Insider that Harden was just rolling his socks in a manner that made the socks appear to have been cut.
Harden was rolling his socks earlier in the season, as seen in this photo. It seems pretty clear in the photos above, however, that he is now cutting the logos off of the socks.
Earlier this season, Harden was rolling his socks.
Of course, this wouldn't mean much if Curry and Harden were also rolling or cutting their socks last season when players' socks came from Stance, a company that is not considered a major rival of Under Armour or Adidas.
A look through photo archives shows that both Curry (left in the below photo) and Harden (right) had their socks extended during the 2016-2017 season and did not appear to make any attempt to hide Stance's circular logo.
Socks during 2016-2017 season as worn by Curry (two on left) and Harden (two on right).
So far, this bit of gamesmanship appears to be limited to Curry and Harden, among the NBA's biggest stars. A quick survey of other top players who endorse non-Nike shoes did not reveal other players who have taken steps to hide the swoosh logo on the socks.
This bit of logo swashbuckling is not a new problem for companies partnering with major sports leagues.
Major League Baseball has had a similar issue for years. With their uniforms supplied by Majestic, many Nike athletes have opted to wear Nike undershirts with a prominent swoosh at the base of the neck. Without any Majestic logos, it gave the false impression that MLB uniforms were being made by Nike.
Andrew McCutchen of the Pittsburgh Pirates is a Nike athlete.
Unfortunately for Majestic, the undershirts were not deemed to be part of the uniform, and players were free to wear what they wanted as long as the shirts adhered to the color guidelines of MLB. It will be interesting to see whether Under Armour has taken steps to avoid this trap when it takes over as the official uniform of MLB in 2019.
A better-known example in recent years was when Microsoft paid the NFL $400 million for its Surface to be the official tablet of the league. Unfortunately for Microsoft, network announcers spent the first few months of that deal calling the tablets "iPads."
In that case, both Microsoft and the NFL "coached" the announcers on using the proper name, and it eventually worked. Short of altering the operations manual and threatening the players with stiff fines, there might not be enough coaching for Harden and Curry to change their ways and Nike may be out of luck, especially if more players start following suit.


Turkey's finally done, now you have to do what? Forget that noise. This turkey gravy is made at a leisurely pace, days ahead of time, developing flavors and a wood fired essence you'll never get from the day of pan drippings. Simply reheat, carve that turkey and serve immediately.
Day 1—Roast the bones: Preheat wood fired oven to around 500°F(450°F for home oven). Preheat large cast iron pan in the oven. Toss the dry chicken carcass, wing pieces and giblets with olive oil. Roast for about 25 minutes, rotating to brown all sides. Add the carrots, celery and onions, roast for another 10 minutes continuing to rotate for even cooking.
Make the turkey stock: Transfer the roasted bones and vegetable to a large stockpot. Deglaze the hot cast iron with cold water, scrape with a wooden spoon to remove all the fond from the bottom of pan and pour into the stockpot. Fill the stockpot with enough cold water to cover everything, add bay leafs, peppercorns and parsley stems. Bring to a boil, strain off all the impurities and fat, simmer until reduced by half, about 6 hours. Drain the bones and larger vegetable pieces though a mesh strainer into a pot. Ladle the remaining liquid through the mesh strainer, reserve 2-3 cups of the stock for the stuffing. Should have roughly a quart and half of stock remaining.
Day 2—Make the turkey gravy: Melt the butter in a saucepan over medium heat, stir the garlic and shallot and sauté for a few minutes then add in the fresh herbs. Whisk in flour and continue whisking until it thickens a bit, about 2 minutes. There's no need for any color in the roux so no crazy whisking times here. Pour in the Armagnac (if using), stir until alcohol is cooked out and roux has thickened, about a minute. Ladle two scoops of warm stock into the roux and whisk until no lumps remain. Continue whisking while adding the remaining stock. Once combined, simmer for half hour whisking occasionally.
Day 3—Reheat gravy: Now that the gravy is done in advance all you have to do is reheat, whisk in any drippings from the roasted turkey and serve. The gravy only gets better with time so make this, 2-3 days in advance.


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Applications for September 2021 entry are now closed.
Please note; that in the context of the ongoing pandemic, Bishop Vesey's Grammar School is constantly reviewing our Sixth Form Admissions Policy for 2021. Any updates will appear on this webpage.
Virtual Sixth Form Open Evening and online applications will be published on Thursday 12th November 2020 by 4pm
Admission to the Sixth Form is based on performance in a student's best 6 GCSE subjects plus GCSE English Language and Mathematics (throughout this document this is referred to as 'Best 8')
Points are awarded for new GCSE qualifications in English Language, English Literature and Mathematics and in all the other legacy full course GCSE subjects.
A minimum score of 52 points will be required to gain entry into Sixth Form. This score is based on the following GCSE results: Best 8 GCSE results including English Language and Mathematics.
Applicants will require a minimum of a grade 5 in GCSE English Language and Mathematics, in order to gain entry to the Sixth Form.
In order to be able to take a particular subject at A-Level, a minimum of grade 7 at GCSE or an A or A* in that subject is expected (except in the case of further Mathematics where a grade 8 is required). Where the subject has not been taken at GCSE, a specified equivalent subject will be used;
For example, if a student wishes to study A-Level Economics and Computer Science, we will take the GCSE Mathematics grade. In the case of Psychology we will take the GCSE Biology grade.
About the Sixth Form
Bishop Vesey's Grammar school is a very special place. Since the 16th Century, we have provided an outstanding, academically challenging and well-rounded education for able students, irrespective of background, from Birmingham and across the Midlands. Our academic profile at A Level is conformably in the top fifty schools nationally. Judging us outstanding in 2010, 2011 and 2014, OFSTED wrote in our most recent inspection "The Sixth Form is outstanding. Standards are consistently amongst the highest in the country".
Approximately 70% of our students move on to prestigious Russell Group Universities, including Oxbridge. We provide specialist support for a variety of applications and our students benefit from our numerous academic societies in Medicine, Dentistry, Politics, STEM and Law. We welcome current academics and professionals to our School on a weekly basis, who provide our students with the inspiration and advice that helps them to make strong applications to the most competitive institutions. We also host an annual 'University Fair', which attracts leading 'Russell Group Universities' to our School, as well has organising 'Interview and Mini Medical Interview Preparation Days' for courses that have specialised entry criteria. "Every opportunity is taken to bring in visiting speakers from business and the professions, and students are encouraged to attend careers fairs". (OFSTED 2014)
I am proud to head up a highly skilled Sixth Form Team who is passionate about developing the young people in our care. Pastoral care is outstanding. We have highly skilled and trained staff who can respond to the emotional needs of students during their A-Level studies. We strive to create an environment where students can fulfil their academic potential and develop the professional skills required for adult life. At BVGS we pride ourselves on excellent monitoring and early intervention as a means of helping all of our students to maximise their potential.
We also place a considerable emphasis on nurturing the whole person and offer an exciting range of extra-curricular and enrichment opportunities. Our extra-curricular provision is first-rate, wide ranging and of national renown. Our Wednesday Games afternoon includes a wide range of sporting activities to reflect the varying interests and abilities of our students. Many of our students take part in competitive fixtures in Rugby, Cricket, Hockey, Cross Country and Netball, against other schools from across the Midlands and beyond. In excess of 40 Sixth Formers benefit from our unique provision in Rowing. In addition, BVGS has a proud tradition in organising international sporting tours for our teams, with sixth formers representing the School across Australasia, South America, the Caribbean and Europe in recent years.
We also have an excellent reputation for Music and Drama. Many of our students are involved in Orchestras, Ensembles, Companies and Choirs at the highest level across the Midlands. There are regular performance opportunities across the year. The Clive Richards Music Centre houses excellent rehearsal and performance spaces as well as teaching by 14 different peripatetic musicians. The Department also facilitates performance opportunities at Birmingham Symphony Hall and European Music Tours for our students.
Bishop Vesey's Grammar School Sixth Form students are also expected to make contributions to the school and local communities through participation in our 'Enrichment Programme'. Students from this school volunteer in a range of charitable and 'care' institutions. They also act as academic mentors to our younger students and tutor in Primary and Secondary schools across Birmingham.
The leadership potential of our Sixth Formers is nurtured and encouraged with our students filling a multitude of roles. Students feel empowered and trusted to bring about positive change across the school. Leadership opportunities are performed through our House System, School Council, Charity Team or as Mental Health Officers and Equality Officers.
Please note that A-Level study at BVGS is now a linear process. From day one, students are prepared for examinations at the end of a two-year journey. Most students take three A-Levels but our highest achievers (based on GCSE results) have the opportunity to take four subjects. The academic success of our School is based around an assessment model, which guarantees all students at least two assessments per subject per half term. All of these assessments are followed by detailed feedback and are based on examination board criteria. We also offer the AQA 'Extended Project Qualification', as part of our Sixth Form provision. This offers our students the opportunity to engage in a University styled research task, which at the same time enhances their UCAS application.
Bishop Vesey's Grammar School is constantly refining and improving the admissions process for entry to our Sixth Form. We are keen to welcome students who are both committed academics and willing participants in our flourishing school community. The BVGS Sixth Form admissions process for 2021 reflects the guidance as outlined in the latest edition of the 'Department for Education; School Admissions Code' which came into force in England in December 2014.
Please note that for 2021, our initial admissions process involves an online application, which can be found on the homepage of the school website from Friday 13th November and close at 5pm on Thursday 17th December. If we receive a number of applications, which exceed our 'PAN' for 2020, we will request additional information from candidates, in accordance with our 'Over Subscription Criteria'.
Prior to the commencement of Sixth Form study, BVGS will offer a number of induction opportunities to support your transition from Year 11 to Sixth Form study at BVGS. The focus for this process will be the provision of effective strategies aimed at 'bridging the gap' between GCSE and A-Level level. It also allows all students to meet members from their new academic cohort, drawn from a variety of academic institutions and geographical locations, encompassing Greater Birmingham and beyond.
We look forward to receiving your application.
Mr Goodwin
Assistant Headteacher; Head of Sixth Form
A Word from the School Captains
We understand that moving to Sixth Form or even transitioning to a new school can be daunting, but we want to reassure you. These are our top tips we recommend to you to make the most of your Vesey experience.
Firstly, choose subjects that you enjoy and know you can succeed in. This allows you to also throw yourself into everything: sports, music, drama, Development Office, and any social outreach programmes. If you find something you are interested in, do not hesitate to join in. Secondly, work hard and play hard. Starting in September, ensure you use all your independent study periods effectively, so you have less work to do at home and you maintain a work-life balance. Thirdly, be confident. Vesey is a competitive, academic environment but you all deserve to be here and would not be if you could not add something to Bishop Vesey's.
Bishop Vesey's is an exceptional school with caring, supporting teachers and if you work hard, you will leave this school with A-Level results you are proud of, as well as many valuable life skills and experiences. The school environment is exciting but challenging; there is always something new to tackle, but these problems will benefit you and give you the competitive edge when applying to higher education. Along the way, you will meet lots of new people, allowing you to make friends for life and teachers who really help you further your learning and care about your wellbeing.
These extra-curricular and social aspects of the school are just as important as the academic side. The school is known for its academic prowess but what often goes unnoticed is the pastoral care here. There is a large network of people you can talk to from fellow students, your Head of Sixth Form or Head of Year, form tutors and any subject teachers. Everyone is more than willing to help.
Beth and Harry
School Captains 2020/2021
A-Level Subjects at BVGS
Online Open Evening & Application Form for September 2021 Entry
Year 12 Online Induction
Tweets by BVGS1527


Theophilus Francis Rodenbough is the only Easton native to be awarded the Medal of Honor for service in the Civil War. He was educated in the Easton schools and attended Lafayette College for a time. Before the Civil War he served in the Easton Grays, a militia company, and then enlisted in the regular Army in 1861, just weeks before the Civil War began. He was promoted rapidly and took command of the 2nd U.S. Cavalry regiment in 1863.
Rodenbough was in many battles during the Civil War including Gettysburg, serving with his regiment in all the campaigns of the Army of the Potomac from 1862 – 1864.
In a large cavalry battle at Trevilian Station, Virginia, on June 11, 1864, he personally led his regiment in an advance and was seriously wounded. A few months later he was wounded in his right arm, which had to be amputated, bringing an end to his active career in the field.
At his own request Rodenbough retired from the Army in 1870. For a number of years, he worked as the Editor of the Army and Navy Journal. He also became a respected writer on military subjects, including "Uncle Sam's Medal of Honor" which brought information about this special award to the general public. Rodenbough received his Medal of Honor in 1893.


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The Military Human: Understanding Military Culture and Transition
Length of course
One-day study day
York St John University (but can be delivered to teams on-site)
Level & credit
Fee £95
Funded places are available
This course is part of the Military Human CPD Series.
The ex-Armed forces community makes up 6.2 million of the UK population (Royal British Legion, 2014) with nearly 1 in 10 of all adult males being a Veteran (Armed Forces Covenant Annual Report, 2014).
Are you aware of the increasing levels of legislation around supporting this Priority Healthcare group as directed by the Department of Health?
Are you aware of the support services available for them?
This one day course will give you an in-depth understanding into the needs of this client group, but also will provide you with a range of resources to make your work with them more effective and efficient, without extra workload.
Anyone who wants to access resources to give their clients a better service and wants to know how to give treatment under the new Armed Forces Covenant. It will be beneficial to Senior Managers, Managers, Practitioners and GP Practices. Funded places are available if you are a health and social care professional working in the Yorkshire & Humber region.
How will it benefit my work
It will give you a greater understanding of the issues facing ex Armed Forces personnel, Reservists or Dependants
It will show you the resources and support services available for this group, including a pack of resources to take away.
You will be able to provide a more effective service to this client group
Because of the resources you will be given you will quickly know where to find help for this growing group
Improve the management of waiting lists for Veterans
Be able to demonstrate meeting the growing legislation for working with this client group
You will be able to identify who this client group are.
An in-depth understanding of the culture of this group and how this impacts on their accessing services available to them.
You will learn about the increasing legislation surrounding this client group.
Learn about and take away a pack of resources of support services and funding available for Veterans.
Course leader biography:
Nick Wood, Education and Development Lead at York St John University
Nick served in the Royal Navy (Fleet Air Arm) and saw active service during the Falklands War in 1982. In 2010 he was awarded the Butler Trust HRH Princess Royal Award for services to Veterans following the development and national roll out of the Veterans In Custody Support model for the National Offender Management Services. The model includes the identification 'Ask the Question' process which was shared with NHS services.
Following the on-going success of the Veterans Awareness CPD, Nick was invited to attend the Forces In Mind Trust 2 day consultation at St Georges House Windsor to discuss the issues around 'Transition' to civilian life for Service Leavers. He is a Visiting Fellow at the Anglia Ruskin University Veterans and Families Institute contributing to their MSc Veterans and Families Studies and is part of the NHS England Liaison and Diversion project pilot board in Wakefield incorporating the identification of ex-Armed Forces people into the pathway model.
Nick sits on the national SSAFA Prison In Reach Focus Group and has been invited to be part of the newly formed COBSEO (cluster group) Veterans in the Criminal Justice System. In his YSJU role he assists the NHS Armed Forces Commissioning and Network groups, MoD Yorkshire & Humber VAPC and numerous Local Authorities to take their Covenant, strategic and supportive agendas forward.
Contact us to request for this course to be delivered offsite to your organisation or team:
E: busdev@yorksj.ac.uk
Attendee Feedback:
"Eye opening experience into badly needed insight of 'forces culture' and how service is accessed. The delivery of the material was excellent, interesting and informative. Useful for future support with veterans."


Having initiated the event last year, and it going on to become the success it was last year, I am very happy that my former employer Dutch Open Projects decided to organize SymfonyCamp again this year. The line-up for this year is quite impressive, with not only symfony founder Fabien Potencier there, but also Dustin Whittle (Yahoo!), Jonathan Wage (Doctrine), Ian Christian and Fabian Lange there. A lot of symfony community big shots, as I'd like to call them.
I am very happy that my name was added to that list. My talk, titled Debugging with symfony - The Power Of The Web Debug Toolbar, will be zooming in on the web debug toolbar, one of the most underestimated features of the framework. I will be speaking on saturday 13th, but I'll also be present on friday the 12th of course! I don't want to miss this.


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Vitamin D May Lower Risk of Parkinson's Disease
By Rick Nauert
Would You Drink Milk from a Cloned Cow?
Higher levels of vitamin D appear to reduce the risk of an individual developing Parkinson's disease, a new report suggests.
Vitamin D is well known to play a role in bone health with emerging evidence suggesting a beneficial effect for lowering the risk of cancer, heart disease and type 2 diabetes.
"Recently, chronically inadequate vitamin D intake was proposed to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease," the authors write.
"According to the suggested biological mechanism, Parkinson's disease may be caused by a continuously inadequate vitamin D status leading to a chronic loss of dopaminergic neurons in the brain."
Individuals with higher levels of vitamin D appear to have a reduced risk of developing Parkinson's disease, according to a report in the July issue of Archives of Neurology, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.
Paul Knekt, D.P.H., and colleagues at the National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland, studied 3,173 Finnish men and women age 50 to 79 who did not have Parkinson's disease at the beginning of the study, in 1978 to 1980.
Participants completed questionnaires and interviews about socioeconomic and health background, underwent baseline examinations and provided blood samples for vitamin D analysis.
Over a 29-year follow-up, through 2007, 50 of the participants developed Parkinson's disease. After adjusting for potentially related factors, including physical activity and body mass index, individuals in the highest quartile (one-fourth of the study population) of serum vitamin D levels had a 67-percent lower risk of developing Parkinson's disease than those in the lowest quartile of vitamin D levels.
"Despite the overall low vitamin D levels in the study population, a dose-response relationship was found," the authors write.
"This study was carried out in Finland, an area with restricted sunlight exposure, and is thus based on a population with a continuously low vitamin D status. Accordingly, the mean (average) serum vitamin D level in the present population was about 50 percent of the suggested optimal level (75 to 80 nanomoles per liter)"
The authors added, "Our findings are thus consistent with the hypothesis that chronic inadequacy of vitamin D is a risk factor for Parkinson's disease."
The exact mechanisms by which vitamin D levels may affect Parkinson's disease risk are unknown, but the nutrient has been shown to exert a protective effect on the brain through antioxidant activities, regulation of calcium levels, detoxification, modulation of the immune system and enhanced conduction of electricity through neurons, the authors note.
Rick Nauert


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HomeWorldReport: South Korea sees Oct 16 to Nov 7 window for N.Korea nuclear test
Report: South Korea sees Oct 16 to Nov 7 window for N.Korea nuclear test
People watch a TV broadcasting a news report on North Korea firing a ballistic missile towards the sea off its east coast, in Seoul, South Korea September 25, 2022. ― Reuters pic
Wednesday, 28 Sep 2022 3:46 PM MYT
SEOUL, Sept 28 ― North Korea's first nuclear test since 2017, if it takes place, is likely to happen between October 16 and November 7, South Korea's Yonhap news agency reported today, citing lawmakers briefed by the national intelligence agency.
Preparations for a nuclear test had been completed at North Korea's Punggye-ri test tunnel, where it conducted six underground nuclear tests from 2006 to 2017, the news agency reported, citing legislators briefed by the National Intelligence Service (NIS).
The timing of the test was likely to be determined by events in North Korea's main ally, China, and its biggest rival, the United States, Yonhap reported.
"The NIS said if North Korea conducts a nuclear test, it could be between China's 20th party congress on October 16 and the US midterm elections on November 7," one legislator, Yoo Sang-bum, told the news agency. ― Reuters
Biden to hold first political rally in run-up to November elections
More than 150 Rohingya rescued off Thai coast
EPFO adds 18.23 lakh subscribers in July
Japan to downgrade coronavirus classification on May 8, PM Kishida says
Yoru's most likely moves after reuniting with the Control Devil
Berlin apologizes after African Union accuses it of insult — RT World News


Woody: Fragrances that are dominated by woody scents, typically of sandalwood and cedar. Patchouli, with its camphoraceous smell, is commonly found in these perfumes.
Oriental – Also known as "amber" fragrances – stand out because of their unique blend of warmth and sensuality. They draw their richness from heady substances like musk, vanilla and precious woods, often associated with exotic floral and spicy scents.
Subgroups under this family are: Floral, Spicy, Vanilla and Woody.


Review: Etude House Moistfull Collagen Skin | Holy Snails!
Isn't it odd how there are so many different names for one product? Especially with skincare, and even more so in Korean skincare. A toner, for example, can be called "toner" (natch), or a skin, freshener, softener, hydrator, lotion, or a myriad of other names. I wonder if it's an effort to make consumers buy all the things (!), or if everybody wants to distinguish themselves, or the Google Translate just changes its mind depending on what they throw in.
Today, I will be reviewing Etude House's toner from their Moistfull Collagen line. They call it a "Skin" on their website, but it says "Facial Freshener" on the bottle. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ I've just reviewed the Lotion of this line. Will the Skin do any better?
Etude House is a pretty well-known Korean road shop brand (sort of like drugstore brand in US, except they have their own stores on popular streets). Their focus is on pink, girly, youthful cosmetics and cute packaging, but they also have skincare products. I mean, have you seen their shops before?
Now, I did not know this. In fact, since my first impression of this brand was from the Moistfull Collagen line, I kind of assumed their target audience was much older, with worries like wrinkles. It just looked so serious. Ha!
Anyway, beyond Etude House's reputation as a teenage, cutesy brand, apparently the Moistfull Collagen line has been super popular the last few years, and is pretty ubiquitous in online stores.
Mild facial toner with rich texture gently removes facial residues while supplying collagen and moisture to improve complexion health and look.
Dispense toner solution onto facial cotton pad. Use pad to gently wipe all areas of face and neck.
Acne triggers are listed in red.
Cetearyl Alcohol can be a deal breaker for some people. It either breaks you out badly, or it doesn't, but it's the biggest trigger on the list with a 2/5 for acne and 2/5 for irritation triggers. Some people just cannot use products with fatty alcohols. PEG/PPG-17/6 Copolymer is red-flagged on CosDNA as potentially hazardous, although it is very low on the list. It functions as a solvent, and some Googling shows that Paula's Choice ranks it as "Good" and EWG considers it to be low to moderate as a hazard. Their concern with it is possible contamination from by-products ethylene oxide and 1,4-dioxane, both of which are known carcinogens. Not flagged as a trigger, but can be a problem for some is fragrance. Especially when it's new, this product is pretty heavily fragranced. This product also contains alcohol (4th on list).
Onto the positive side, hydrolyzed collagen is the star ingredient of this toner, and it is 9th on the ingredient list (vs 11th on the lotion). You cannot just insert collagen into the skin, but used topically, collagen can be a great skin conditioner and moisturizer.
Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride and Caprylyl Glycol are both fatty acids, and are either derived from coconut oil, or synthesized. They are considered excellent moisturizers, skin conditioners, and emollients, but can cause acne or clog pores in some people (although it's not flagged on CosDNA).
Interestingly, there are some nice ingredients found here that aren't in the lotion. Natto gum, derived from fermented soybeans, is third on the list, and is a pretty nice antioxidant. Sodium hyaluronate is the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, and is great for hydrating skin. Finally, betaine is an anti-irritant and humectant that is shown to be less irritating than even water!
Adansonia flowers supposedly smell like rotting meat, but thankfully, this doesn't bear any resemblance to that. It just smells like some generic drugstore fragrance. I remember it being pretty overwhelming when I first bought it, but either it's faded with time, or I've just gotten used to it.
This Skin is packaged in a translucent plastic bottle with a twist off cap. It dispenses toner via a reducer style opening. Which is evil, because this stuff is viscous, and if you keep it in the original bottle, it takes forever to dispense. I pried the reducer off, and poured the toner into a cheapy spray bottle, and that makes it so much better to use. The directions say to use a cotton pad, but I just spray some onto my palm and apply with my fingers.
I like this toner way better than the moisturizer in this line. You get a lot of product for your money, and it's got some decent things in it. Even though it doesn't have a ton of fancy and exotic ingredients, it has enough to hydrate skin pretty effectively. I won't rebuy this, as I'm exploring the skincare world, and there are just so many other options out there, but I actually wouldn't hesitate to recommend this to others as a budget-friendly and long-lasting toner.
The Good: Hydrates effectively, very cheap, lots of product.
The Bad: Cheap packaging, needs more effective dispenser. Negative for some: contains some fatty alcohols, alcohol, fragrance.


Nearly 18,000 businesses make their home in Macomb County. Combined, they provide employment for more than 287,000 people.
Supporting business growth is important! Big or small, we know that every business impacts our community through the investments they make in people, property and equipment as well as their involvement in community projects.
The Macomb County Department of Planning & Economic Development has a specialized team of business growth specialists in place to offer assistance to existing businesses that are ready to grow as well as those looking to make new investment here.
Our job is to know what services and programs are available to help you meet your challenges with success. Get in touch. We can help.


Thoroughly enjoyed reading this book. I had a hard time putting it down and sped through it. For a military adventure set during a war it had a surprisingly small amount of action, though it added to the realism. All in all I would recommend this book to just about anyone.


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Thread: Short-term heated storage in Ottawa?
Thanks to a couple members who were kind enough to respond to my previous post, my newly-acquired '65 912 made its way to Chris Kirby who got it running again in short order. Very nice guy and a skilled wrench.
I'm planning on flying up to Ottawa in 2-3 weeks to rent a trailer and drive the car over the border and clear customs. In the meantime, I'm looking for some short-term heated storage for the car. I saw a couple potential options online. Anyone have a recommendation?


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You are here: CollectionsOnline / A Rake's Progress VIII: The Madhouse
Clocks, watches and barometers
Natural objects and curiosities
Paintings and framed watercolours and prints
Plaster casts
William Hogarth (1697 - 1764)
A Rake's Progress VIII: The Madhouse
Museum number: P47
The previous owner of the Rake's Progress series was William Beckford of Fonthill who bought them at Hogarth's auction in 1745. The paintings were originally produced by Hogarth as preparatory works for engravings published in 1735. Buyers could see the paintings before deciding to subscribe to a set of engravings. Soane purchased the series from the sale of the contents of Fonthill Splendens at Christie's, 1802.
Britton, Union, 1827, pp. 40, 53-54
Soane, Description, 1830, p.15 and 41
Description, 1835, pp. 16 and 23
David Kunzle, 'Plagiaries by Memory of A Rake's Progress', Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, Vol. XXIX, 1966
Paulson, Ronald, Hogarth: His Life, Art and Times, 1971, vol. I pp. 322-333 and passim
Bindman, David, Hogarth, 1981, pp. 62-71 and passim
Einberg, Elizabeth, Manners and Morals: Hogarth and British Painting 1700-1760, exh. cat., Tate Gallery, 1987, cat. 74-81, pp. 96-97
Feinberg Millenson, S., Sir John Soane's Museum, 1987, p.78
Christina Scull, The Soane Hogarths, 1991
Paulson, Ronald, Hogarth, 3 volumes, 1991-93, pp. 20-35 and passim
Thornton and Dorey, Miscellany, 1992, pp.vii,122 and 126
Simon, Robin and Woodward, Christopher (eds), A Rake's Progress: From Hogarth to Hockney, Exhibition Catalogue, published by Apollo for Sir John Soane's Museum, 1997
republished as Apollo, vol. CXLVIII, no. 437, August 1998 (special issue on A Rake's Progress)
Tharp, Lars, Hogarth's China: Hogarth's paintings and 18th-century ceramics, 1997, pp.58-63
Uglow, Jenny, Hogarth: A Life and a World, 1997, 239-40 and passim
Christopher Woodward, 'William Beckford and Fonthill Splendens: early works by Soane and Goodridge', Apollo, 432, 1998, pp. 31-40
Craske, Matthew, William Hogarth, 2000, passim
Hallett, Mark and Riding, Christine, Hogarth, exhibition catalogue, Tate, 2006, cat. 44 (the series), pp. 86-93
Christina Scull, The Soane Hogarths, second revised edition, 2007, pp.31-49 and passim
New Description, 2007, pp.20, 22-26 and 97
Hogarth, Tate Britain, London, 2 December 1971 - 6 February 1972
Hogarth, Tate Britain, London, 5 February - 29 April 2007
Manners & Morals - Hogarth and British Painting 1700-1760, Tate Britain, London, 15 October 1987 - 3 January 1988
The Rake's Progress: From Hogarth to Hockney, Sir John Soane's Museum, London, 26 March - 31 August 1997
The Soane Hogarths, Sir John Soane's Museum, London, 30 March - 19 June 2004; 26 August 2005 - 25 February 2006
P40, series
If you have any further information about this object, please contact us: worksofart@soane.org.uk