text:
Tracing Your Roots: Who Were My Kin Born During Slavery?
Henry Louis Gates Jr. and NEHGS Senior Researcher Meaghan E.H. Siekman
Filed to: HistoryFiled to: History
Turner Bond (family photo courtesy of Roklina Johnson)
Differing surnames and living arrangements complicate the search for the parents of an ancestor born during Reconstruction in North Carolina.
Dear Professor Gates:
I am curious to know who the parents were of my paternal great-grandfather Turner Bond (1868-1925). He was a self-employed blacksmith in Windsor, Bertie County, N.C., who could read and write. He and his wife, Annie Speller, raised and supported 12 children, including my grandfather Charles Bond (1913-2001). Turner Bond's parents were listed as Dean Jones and Judy Carter on his death certificate. I see something that says "inferred Father" on Ancestry.com. Can you please tell me who his parents were and how he got the name "Bond"? —Roklina Johnson
It appears that the lives of the Bond, Speller, Carter and Jones families have been intertwined since the 19th century against the backdrop of a local tobacco-and-cotton plantation economy in Bertie County that was heavily dependent on slavery. By 1800, African Americans were the majority in the county, with many living on large plantations, according to a web page of the NCGenWeb Project that lists local black genealogy resources.
Among the county's largest slaveholders in 1830 were Lewis Bond, Robert A. Jones and Thomas Speller, according to a list the page attributes to Jane Turner Censer's book North Carolina Planters and Their Children (1800-1860). As you trace your ancestors back before emancipation, we suggest that you compare their information to what is contained in contemporaneous slave schedules, property records, wills and probate documents for these men.
A Clue About How Your Grandfather Was Named
You know that your ancestors resided in Windsor, Bertie County, N.C., so we started there to trace them back. Your grandfather Charles Bond was recorded in their household there in 1920 (FamilySearch; free registration required), along with his 11 siblings. According to this record, Turner Bond and both of his parents were born in North Carolina. The record also tells you that Turner owned his home and that it was mortgaged. The family was there 10 years earlier in 1910 in the house that Turner owned.
The death record for Turner records his parents as Dean Jones and Judy Carter, both of Windsor. The informant on this record was his wife, Annie Bond, which means that she was close enough to him to likely have known this information about his parents—though it is possible that she did not have the correct information. As we continued our search, we sought verification of these claims in other records as well.
One of the things we noticed in the 1895 marriage record that we found for Turner Bond and Annie Speller is that a Charles Bond was among the witnesses. Given their matching surnames, it is likely that this witness is closely related to Turner, especially since your grandfather was also named Charles. The other witnesses were E.S. Daie (spelling unclear) and W.S. Hayes. Searching for records of these individuals may reveal more about your ancestors, since they were likely closely associated with them.
Why Names Can Both Provide Leads and Be Misleading
We continued working our way back to the time just after and before emancipation and encountered a common wrinkle with surnames that we should explain here. As we mentioned in a previous column, black people during that era adopted surnames in a variety of ways, only one of which was adopting the surname of the most recent person who enslaved them or their ancestors. Sometimes a slave owner's surname was passed down through several generations.
Furthermore, since enslaved people were frequently sold away from their families, blood relatives could bear different surnames. Finally, post-emancipation (just as today), a person who was born outside of marriage or was living with a parent who had remarried might have a different surname than the parent or siblings.
These variations should be kept in mind as you consider the leads we uncovered. We found multiple instances of Bonds, Carters, Spellers and Joneses living together or in close proximity, which suggests relatedness but doesn't always illuminate exactly how individuals were related.
In the collection of marriage records for Bertie County, we also saw the marriage record for Louis Bond and Anna A. Carter in Windsor on Dec. 10, 1851. It does not identify whether they were white or free people of color. We noted this because it was a Bond marrying someone with the Carter surname, which was the surname of Turner's mother, according to his death record. The couple would have been old enough to have been his parents, but even if they were not related to him, it suggests a pattern of the Bond and Carter families—whether white or black—intermarrying. We also saw children with the surname Carter living near Turner and his family in 1910.
Tracking Down Turner's Mother
We searched for Turner Bond in the 1870 U.S. census, which would have been enumerated when he was a young child and likely to be in the same household as his parents. There is a Turner Bond born about 1869 recorded in the household of Cain Bond in Windsor, Bertie County, N.C., that is the right age to be your Turner Bond.
The next person recorded in the household after Cain is Jane Bond, but with their 20-year age difference and the lack of a relationship column on this census, it is difficult to determine whether she was his wife or his daughter. It also seems possible that since Turner is recorded directly after Cherry Bond (age 20), he may be her son. If this is the case and Turner was born outside of a marriage, it could be why he was given the Bond name, for his mother, even if his father was a Jones.
Some other things you may want to note in the 1870 census record for Turner Bond is that directly next door to the household was a Haywood Speller (incorrectly transcribed as Keller in the index record), born about 1856, who has the same surname as Annie Speller, whom Turner would later marry. In the household where Haywood was living, there were also four children who had the Bond surname: Henry, Hellen, Thomas and Anna. It is likely that your Turner Bond is related to these individuals in some way.
In searching for Turner 10 years later in the 1880 census, we noted a Turner Battle born about 1868 residing in the household of Henry Battle Junior at Griffin, Nash, N.C. This record stood out because Turner is the right age to be your Turner Bond, and the wife of Henry Battle in this record was named Cherry.
If the Cherry Bond we located in the 1870 census was your Turner's mother, this could be a record for your Turner in a stepfather's household. It is not uncommon for stepchildren to be recorded in census records under the surname of their stepfather. Nash County and Bertie County are not directly adjacent, but they are near each other, so it is possible that this is a record for your ancestors.
You will want to trace the Battle family to determine if this is a possible match for your family. If you can trace Turner Battle forward to a record with a date that overlaps a date on which you already have a record for your Turner Bond, then you know they cannot be the same person. From a preliminary search, we could not locate any records that overlap, meaning that they could be the same person. What also seemed telling is that although the marriage record for Henry Battle and Cherry (Charity in the record) at Nash County, N.C., in 1872 is very faded and hard to read, it was solemnized by a John Bond, suggesting a connection to the Bond family.
Moving Beyond Inference for Turner's Father
When we searched for records of a Dean Jones in Bertie County, N.C., we located a marriage record for a Dean Jones and Patsy Ruffin on Jan. 20, 1872, at Windsor. What was even more interesting about this record is that it says that Dean's parents were Miles Jones and Tatty Bond. Dean's marriage occurred after the birth of your Turner Bond, but if Turner was not born within a marriage, it is possible that this is a record for his father's marriage. It also points to a connection between Dean Jones and the Bond family.
This Dean Jones and his wife, Margaret, were residing at Windsor, Bertie County, in 1900 with six children. If your Turner Bond was the son of this Dean Jones, it means that the children in this household are his half-siblings. Since Turner's wife, Annie, knew Turner's father's name, it is likely that his identity was not a secret to the family.
If this is the case, your Turner may have had a relationship with these siblings who were living in the same town. Your next step would be to work toward locating records that could connect your Turner Bond to one or more of the Jones children to confirm that he is the son of this Dean Jones.
Henry Louis Gates Jr. is the Alphonse Fletcher University Professor and founding director of the Hutchins Center for African and African American Research at Harvard University. He is also chairman of The Root. Follow him on Twitter and Facebook.
Send your questions about tracing your own roots to TracingYourRoots@theroot.com.
This answer was provided in consultation with Meaghan E.H. Siekman, Ph.D., a senior researcher from the New England Historic Genealogical Society. Founded in 1845, NEHGS is the country's leading nonprofit resource for family history research. Its website, AmericanAncestors.org, contains more than 1 billion searchable records for research in New England, New York and beyond. With the leading experts in the field, NEHGS staff can provide assistance and guidance for questions in most research areas. They can also be hired to conduct research on your family. Learn more today about researching African-American roots.


If you want to know the mind of God for today, search the Word.
If you want to know the mind of God for tomorrow, search the Word.
If you want to know what gives you a backbone in your spiritual life, search the Word.
If you want to know what to say to somebody who is hurting, search the Word—the inerrent Word of God.
Thank God for a Great Book.
Ask Him to help you memorize and understand it.


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text:
describe("StoriesController", function() {
	var view, bar, response;

	beforeEach(function() {
		response = {title : "Yo"};
		spyOn(Controllers.stories.db, "all");
		view = FakeView;
	});

	describe("index", function() {
		beforeEach(function() {
			Controllers.stories.db.all = jasmine.createSpy().andCallFake(function(fun){ fun(response); });
			Controllers.stories.index(view);
		});

		it("calls the db", function() {
			expect(Controllers.stories.db.all).toHaveBeenCalledWith(jasmine.any(Function), undefined);
		});

		it("renders stories view with the stories", function() {
			expect(view.render).toHaveBeenCalledWith(response);
		});
	});

	describe("feed", function() {
		beforeEach(function() {
			Controllers.stories.db.all = jasmine.createSpy().andCallFake(function(fun){ fun(response); });
			Controllers.stories.index(view, {feed : true});
		});

		it("calls the db", function() {
			expect(Controllers.stories.db.all).toHaveBeenCalledWith(jasmine.any(Function), {feed : true});
		});

		it("renders stories view with the stories", function() {
			expect(view.render).toHaveBeenCalledWith(response);
		});
	});

	describe("show", function() {
		beforeEach(function() {
			Controllers.stories.db.find = jasmine.createSpy().andCallFake(function(id, fun){ fun(response); });
			Controllers.stories.show(view, {id : 10});
		});

		it("calls the db", function() {
			expect(Controllers.stories.db.find).toHaveBeenCalledWith(10, jasmine.any(Function));
		});

		it("renders stories view with the stories", function() {
			expect(view.render).toHaveBeenCalledWith(response);
		});
	});

	describe("init", function() {
		beforeEach(function() {
			Controllers.stories.init(view, {overlay : true});
		});

		it("calls the view with a new story that has a temp id", function() {
			expect(view.render).toHaveBeenCalledWith({id:"temp-123"}, {overlay : true});
		});
	});

	describe("create", function() {
		describe("valid", function() {
		  beforeEach(function() {
				Views.stories = {_form : {} };
				Controllers.stories.db.save = jasmine.createSpy().andCallFake(function(obj, fun){ fun(response); });
				bar = {hide: jasmine.createSpy()};
				Controllers.stories.create(view, {story: {upload: "fake upload"}, progress:bar});
		  });

			it("calls save", function() {
			  expect(Controllers.stories.db.save).toHaveBeenCalledWith({upload: "fake upload"}, jasmine.any(Function), {progress_bar: bar});
			});

			it("updates the source of the form when complete", function() {
			  expect(Views.stories._form.source).toEqual({title: "Yo"});
			});

			it("hides the progress bar", function() {
			  expect(bar.hide).toHaveBeenCalled();
			});

			it("renders the view", function() {
			  expect(view.render).toHaveBeenCalledWith({upload: "fake upload"}, { progress : bar});
			});
		});
	});

	describe("update", function() {
		describe("valid", function() {
		  beforeEach(function() {
				story = {name: "some name"};
				Controllers.stories.db.save = jasmine.createSpy();
				fakeSuccess = jasmine.createSpy("success");
				fakeError = jasmine.createSpy("error");
				Controllers.stories.update(view, {story: {name: "blah"}, success : fakeSuccess, error : fakeError});
		  });

			it("calls save with the callbacks from the params", function() {
			  expect(Controllers.stories.db.save).toHaveBeenCalledWith({name: "blah"}, {success : fakeSuccess, error : fakeError});
			});
		});
	});
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Can I store and arrary in string format in mysql? or better, is this good practice?
I would like to store bookmarks, each bookmark a row.  I want a tag column that is an array in string format that hold the hierarchy of tags that define it.  For example:
url | tag
'stackoverflow.com', '[faves, internet, QandA]'

My current table is below, and I just want to modify the tag column to hold the array in string form.

A: No, it's not usually a good idea to store a comma-separated list in a string.
Exception: if your queries always treat the whole string as a string, and you have no need to use SQL expressions to search for individual elements, then there's no harm in doing this.
In SQL, it's better to treat each column as a single scalar value, not an array. Working with data gets awkward and inefficient if you treat a column as something that can be broken down into sub-parts.
For your tags, you should have a one-to-many tag table so that each bookmark can be referenced by many tags, one per row in the tag table.
Or really, a lookup table of tags, then a many-to-many table mapping bookmarks to their tags.
CREATE TABLE Tag (
  tag_id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
  tag VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL
);

CREATE TABLE BookmarkTag (
  bookmark_id INT NOT NULL,
  tag_id      INT NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (bookmark_id, tag_id),
  FOREIGN KEY (bookmark_id) REFERENCES Bookmark(bookmark_id),
  FOREIGN KEY (tag_id) REFERENCES Tag(tag_id)
);

This gives you a lot more flexibility, for example:

*

*No limit to the number of tags per bookmark

*Easy to search for a specific tag

*Easy to count how many tags per bookmark

*Easy to prevent duplicates, control the tags allowed, delete a given tag from every bookmark that uses it, etc.

See also my answer to Is storing a delimited list in a database column really that bad?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
, more commonly just , informally known as , is the administrative center of Nichiren Shoshu Buddhism. It is located in the foothills of Mount Fuji in Kamijo, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan.
Taiseki-ji was founded in 1290 by Nikkō Shōnin, one of Nichiren Daishonin's senior disciples, on a land parcel donated by the pious believer Daigyo Sonrei, commonly known as Nanjo Tokimitsu (1259—1332).

The Head Temple is the home of the Dai Gohonzon, Nichiren Shoshu's object of worship, which draws pilgrim believers from various countries. The temple's open grounds are open to the public for sightseeing, though its religious buildings are restricted to believers only. Accordingly, adherents of the Soka Gakkai are not permitted entrance to the Head Temple grounds.

Description

Taiseki-ji is Nichiren Shoshu's administrative center, and its  Chief Priest is simultaneously the high priest () of Nichiren Shoshu. The current 68th High Priest is Nichinyo Hayase (1935 – Present) who assumed the position on 16 December 2005.

Taiseki-ji is the home of the Dai Gohonzon, Nichiren Shoshu's object of worship. This image is visited by believers who come on personal pilgrimages, to participate in regular ceremonies, or to take part in large events such as study programs, and similar large meetings.  The temple is known for numerous historically significant buildings and gardens, national cultural assets, as well as features like the old weeping cherry trees that line its Tatchū Sando (main path lined with lodging temples).

History

According to Nichiren Shoshu tradition, Taiseki-ji was founded in 1290 by Nichiren's disciple Nikkō on a tract of land called  donated by the district steward, Nanjo Shichiro Jiro Hyoe Taira no Tokimitsu (Buddhist name: Daigyo Sonrei) (1259–1332). The name derives from an alternative reading of the kanji for Ōishi (大石), Tai (Big) - Seki (Stone), and the character Ji (寺), temple.

Tokimitsu was a lay follower of Nichiren's and consequently Nikko Shonin. Taiseki-ji started with one small temple building, the Mutsubo with six rooms, but grew gradually as Nikkō's disciples built sub-temples. It went through further growth phases during the mid-Edo period and after the Second World War.

According to Nichiren Shoshu doctrine, their religious founder Nichiren willed that the image be established with a national shrine at the foot of Mount Fuji with a special title named "Honmonji" when the conversion of the Japanese Emperor and widespread propagation was achieved.

Due to its strong prohibition against accepting monetary donations from non-believers, there is no offertory box available at the temple. Believers are confirmed to be registered members before they are allowed to give "Gokuyo" or offerings. There is also no Goshuincho (御朱印帳 or "red stamping" of Daimoku or Talisman booklets normally sold to tourists, considered by the religion to be a form of sacrilege.

In addition, neither the Head Temple nor the religious stores outside Taiseki-ji accept any currency besides Japanese Yen towards any donation offerings, memorial service fees, food and lodging fees or any religious merchandise transactions.

Activities at the Head Temple

Gongyo

The Buddhist service of "Gongyo" (勤行 , Persevering Action) is the basic supplemental service of Hokkeko believers. It is conducted first as the Ushitora Gongyo at the Dai Kyakuden (Grand Reception Hall), among other places throughout the Head Temple. In past centuries, the service was performed in five different locations:

 Facing the sunrise direction
 Facing the Mieido
 Facing the Gohozo
 Facing the Kyakuden
 Facing the Mutsubo

The sect, along with the other Fuji sects in the area, followed the custom of reciting the Sutra chapters according to what Nichiren himself once did:

 Junyoze — Reciting the prose (散文, "Sanbun") of Chapter 2
 Seoge — Reciting the verse (自我偈, "Jigage") of Chapter 2
 Chogyo —  Reciting the prose ("Sanbun") of Chapter 16
 Nyorai Juryo — Reciting the verse ("Jigage") of Chapter 16

During the 1930s, the Gongyo service was shortened to a single format, initiated by religious convert Tsunesaburo Makiguchi and was approved by 57th High Priest Nissho Shonin. Today, some Nichiren sects in the Mount Fuji area recite the full versions of the 2nd and 16th Chapter of the Lotus Sutra.

The current version of Gongyo since the 1930s is the recitations of Chapter 2 in prose and Chapter 16 in prose and verse along with the five morning and three evening silent prayers (五座三座, Goza-Sanza) for the purpose of the following:

 Receiving protection from the Buddhist gods (Shoten Zenjin)
 Prayer to the Dai Gohonzon
 Prayer for lineage of the priesthood
 Conversion of the Emperor of Japan and widespread propagation
 Prayers for deceased ancestors and their rebirth in Hokkeko

Additional services such as funeral, prolonged chanting (Shodai) and other commemoration  ceremonies for historical personalities associated with the Head Temple are also conducted.

Tozan pilgrimages
Pilgrimage to Taiseki-ji draws adherents of Nichiren Shoshu annually through group trips that are planned by local branch temples, as well as private individual trips. This pilgrimage in the sectarian parlance is called "Tozan" (登山, "Mountaineering, to climb the mountain") for the purpose of worshipping the Dai Gohonzon in person. The sect bases this practice in the ancient custom of early supporters of Nichiren who also visited him during his lifetime over perilous roads and mountains, now re-interpreted as a similar pilgrimage towards the Dai Gohonzon, which represents Nichiren in a mandala format.

The Gokaihi ceremony
In Japan, a "Gokaihi" (御開扉, English: "Sacred Opening of (Butsudan) Doors") is a ceremonial rite that exposes a particular sacred Buddhist image that is hidden and revered in a particular religion or sect. In Nichiren Shoshu ritual practices, this refers to the ceremonial audience with the Dai Gohonzon officiated by the High Priest granted to Hokkeko believers who have personally requested to participate, which is oftentimes the main purpose of a pilgrimage visit to the Head Temple. The volition of free will, confirmation of registered membership and an offertory fee is part of the protocol to enter the Hoando building to participate in the service.

List of buildings
The following significant buildings are listed for their historical and architectural value:

Sanmon Gate

The Sanmon (written 三門, sometimes 山門) gate is Taiseki-ji's "main front door" and has been designated as a Shizuoka prefectural cultural asset. It was built in 1717 with financial assistance from Lady Hiroko Konoe (also known as "Tennei-in"), the daughter of Imperial Princess Tsuneko and wife of sixth Shōgun Tokugawa Ienobu.  A Gohonzon transcribed by 25th High Priest Nichiyu Shonin is enshrined within its upper floor. At the time, she donated 300 ryō for its construction. Positioned next to public government roads, it was significantly vandalized and defaced with graffiti in 1997. It was recently restored, and its Gohonzon  was ceremoniously re-enshrined within again on 15 January 2021.

Mutsubō

The first  was erected in 1290 as Taiseki-ji's first building. It has been rebuilt many times since, but the Gohonzon (object of veneration) it houses is attributed to temple founder Nikkō Shōnin dating from November 1332. It maintains its original design of having six rooms. The current structure, which uses much keyaki heartwood, was completed in 1988. The High Priest of Nichiren Shoshu proceeds to the Mutsubō on concluding Ushitora Gongyo in the Kyakuden (see below) to perform another gongyo recitation with young priests and acolytes.

Kyakuden

The  is one of the central structures where the majority of ceremonies are held, including Ushitora Gongyo by each successive High Priest every morning. It was built in 1465 and later rebuilt in 1998.

The Kyakuden was rebuilt as the , with the assistance of the Soka Gakkai, a modern-style building inaugurated April 1964. That structure, was demolished in September 1995 and rebuilt as the current Kyakuden in 1998 with its wood-clad steel-framed edifice. The priesthood cited the Dai-Kyakuden's imposing ferroconcrete mass as incongruent with the architectural tone appropriate for a temple compound.

The Kyakuden is the site of Ushitora Gongyo, a daylight prayer service officiated by the High Priest or his proxy.  The Ozagawari Joza Gohonzon, original paper on 13 October 1290  ("Gohonzon of the Seat of the Dharma") was rendered into wood and carved on 15 June 1706, now enshrined on the central altar on the second floor of the Kyakuden.

This 1706 wooden mandala is flanked by lifesize statues of Nichiren Daishonin (left) and Nikkō Shōnin (right) as a symbolic representation of "San—Po" or "Three Treasures style", though the "Object of Worship" remains the central mandala. The two grand statues were carved in 1660 during the reign of 17th High Priest Nissei Shonin.

Mieidō

The Mieido (image hall, 御影堂) is the hondō (本堂) or main official hall of Taisekiji temple. It traces its history to a building called the Mido (Midō: 御堂) erected by Nikko Shonin when he founded Taisekiji in 1290. It takes its name from a lifesize image of Nichiren sculpted by Japanese Buddhist artisan Echizen Hōkyō Kaikei, a carver of Buddhist images. This image was enshrined in the year 1388 in a building that was then replaced in 1522. The current, classical structure was erected in 1632 with donations from the Lady Manhime Ogasawara (Also known as Kyōdai-in), who was the wife of Lord Hachisuka Yoshishige of the Tokushima Castle.. The building is designed similarly to a Kabuki-za theater  filled with various ornaments. In 1680 (Enpō year), the Dai Gohonzon image was stored here for safekeeping. An enlarged statue of Nichiren is enshrined in front of the Mandala as the aesthetic of the building represents various Buddhist images.

Several rounds of expansions, improvements, and repairs have been undertaken since then, and it was designated a prefectural tangible cultural property by Shizuoka Prefecture after major repairs in 1971. The most recent overhaul was finished in November 2013. The seven-year project entailed completely breaking down and reassembling the building piece by piece. All the parts were catalogued, mapped, and their condition recorded. Damaged structural members were repaired or replaced, and decorative fixtures such as transom carvings and other artwork, were painstaking restored. When the building was reassembled, aseismic structural augmentation (dampers) was installed to protect it from earthquake damage. New gold leaf was applied to the indoor pillars, and all exposed surfaces were finished with vermilion using traditional methods. The building is known for its decorative transoms that depict various Buddhist deities that are believed to occupy the Treasure Tower of the Lotus Sutra.
 A decorative Stupa is erected nearby the Mieido to commemorate the donations of Lady Manhime Ogasawara remains present to this day.

Hōandō
The  Enshrinement Hall, built in 2002, houses the Dai Gohonzon of the High Sanctuary of the Essential Teaching, the supreme object of worship in Nichiren Shōshū. The Hōandō is built in the style of a Kura storehouse to signify that the Nichiren Shoshu faith has not yet taken hold as the primary religion of the world's people. Nichiren Shoshu claims that Nichiren willed that the Dai Gohonzon is not to be made publicly accessible, but rather stored away and only viewed by those who have asked for and been granted an audience by the High Priest, until such time. Another interpretation of this is that, as different from all other Nichiren Shoshu altars, the one in the Hōandō has neither offerings of evergreens nor drums, and non-believers are not permitted entry. Handicapped believers and their attendants are given priority entry and seating within the building.

On the high altar, the Shumidan, of the Hōandō is a Buddhist Stupa containing the ashes of Nichiren Daishonin (left), a grand Butsudan housing the Dai Gohonzon (center), and another stupa containing a statue of Nichiren Daishonin carved by Izumi Ajari Nippō Shōnin from the same camphorwood leftover  plank that the Dai Gohonzon was inscribed on; while pious tradition claims that Nichiren approvingly characterized the statue as an exact image of himself.

Taiseki-ji has traditionally regarded the Mieidō (see above) as the temple's Hondō (main hall), but only its provisional main hall until wide propagation is achieved, when the building housing the Dai Gohonzon would take over that role.

The Hōandō replaced the controversial name of the Shōhondō (正本堂: true main hall), after its demolition in April 1998. (See below for details on demolished buildings)

Gohōzō and Hōanden
The  ("Treasure House") houses various religious scrolls and paintings, and other religious and historical records, relics, and artifacts. It possesses the original Gosho documents of Nichiren conversing with the Buddhist deity Hachiman, as well as a personal letter given to Lord Nanjo Tokimitsu while he was alive. In addition, all Gohonzons transcribed by Nichiren Shoshu priests are stored within this building, which are mostly taken out in April for the Omushibarai Ceremony.

In addition, it also features modest displays of cultural objects donated by pilgrims from countries where they have attracted converts. The Hōanden (奉安殿) building, where the Dai Gohonzon was once enshrined, stands behind it.

The Gojunoto Pagoda

Completed on 12 June 1749 with the assistance of the Japanese Edo government, this religious pagoda was built with donations of 5,000 gold Ryō given by the daughter of Imperial Princess Tsuneko. Her daughter, the Lady Hiroko Konoe (also known as Tennei-in), who was the wife of Ienobu Tokugawa, the sixth Tokugawa Shogun gave this donation with the solemn approval of Nichikan Shonin, the 26th High Priest.

It has five stories representing the characters of 妙法蓮華經 (English: "Myo-Ho-Ren-Ge-Kyo")  measuring at 112 feet  and faces west rather than the usual south, with a claim that Nichiren's Buddhism would spread from the East (Japan) to the Western lands; that is, back to the land of Shakyamuni Buddha and to the rest of the world.

This pagoda is the largest five-storied pagoda along the Tōkaidō, the historical main highway along Japan's eastern seaboard from Edo (today's Tokyo) to Kyoto. A Gohonzon transcribed by 31st High Priest Nichi-in Shonin is enshrined within, dated to 28 March 1749.

In 1966, the pagoda was designated a national cultural treasure. In 2017, it was structurally reinforced and artistically restored. Its doors are ceremoniously opened once each year on February 16 to celebrate Nichiren's birthday for the "O-tanjo ceremony", followed by the formal opening of its doors called the "O-tobiraki ceremony".

The Japanese debonair actor Keiichirō Akagi (1939—1961)  is also buried at the L-2 ward section of the head temple cemetery, nearby the Pagoda.

Graves of early Presidents of the Soka Gakkai
 On the left rear of the Pagoda is the 1945 grave and Stupa of the first Soka Gakkai President Tsunesaburo Makiguchi.
 The second Soka Gakkai president Josei Toda is located at the left front of the pagoda. His ashes were moved from Jozai-ji temple (Toshima, Tokyo), and re—interred here in 2001.

Daikōdō
The Daikōdō ("English: Grand Auditorium") was donated by Soka Gakkai, with construction began in December 1956 and completed on 1 March 1958. It houses a so-called "Mannen-Kugo" aesthetic-style design which was originally dated and inscribed by Nichiren himself in December 1274 and later co-signed by the Yoshihama Myohonji Temple located in Kyonan, Chiba prefecture.

A wooden transcription image of this Gohonzon was carved and signed by Taisekiji priest-sculptor named  "Eritsu Hiki Bhikkhu" (Claimed to be Mr. Takeshi Itamoto)  in January 1687 (Jōkyō year IV) assumingly in commemoration for the new incoming 30th High Priest Nitchu Shonin.

Upon the completion of this grand auditorium in 1958, the 65th High Priest Nichijun Shonin decided to enshrine this wooden Gohonzon within this building where it remains today. Presently, this Gohonzon is flanked by the two Ihai memorial tablets of second High Priest Nikkō Shonin and his successor, third High Priest Nichimoku as an expressed style aesthetic that both disciples were once able to listen to Nichiren's preaching in correlation to the purpose of the building as  an Auditorium.  It is in a dilapidated condition and scheduled for demolition and reconstruction after completion of the new Sanmon gate in 2021.

The former highest lay leader of Hokkeko believers (Hokkeko Sokoto), Jōsei Toda addressed youth adherents from this building on 16 March 1958.

Demolished buildings

Shōhondō

The Shōhondō (正本堂, True Main Hall) was a building at Taiseki-ji, which opened on 12 October 1972 and was subsequently demolished in 1998. Former Soka Gakkai President Daisaku Ikeda,  who emphasized the building of monuments to the success of the movement, made the request to build the new structure which became the Shohondo.

Religious professor Daniel A. Métraux claims that the Soka Gakkai placed particular importance on the building of the Shohondo, based on interpretations of doctrine not shared by the Nichiren Shoshu sect as a whole, and therefore controversy over its status arose at its construction.

The Shohondo was inaugurated by the Soka Gakkai who claimed it as the "True High Sanctuary", Kaidan, which was a title disputed by conservative groups within the sect including the Myoshinko (now known as Kenshōkai) lay organisation, and the Nichiren Shoshu Priesthood. In Nichiren Shoshu doctrine, that sanctuary title was allegedly reserved for a future temple to be built at the base of Mount Fuji on the completion of Kosen Rufu, as solely decreed by the Emperor of Japan when the entire nation has converted to Nichiren's Buddhism.

Métraux oexplain that the Soka Gakkai was reinterpreting doctrine and maintained that they could consider the Shohondo as the "True High Sanctuary", Kaidan, about which Nichiren wrote, because through the Soka Gakkai Nichiren's philosophy was spread through Japan and was positively impacting people. The importance of the Shohondo was, therefore, a highly contentious matter dividing the Soka Gakkai and other factions within the faith.

High Priest Nittatsu Hosoi, clarified that the Shōhondō was not the True High Sanctuary about which Nichiren wrote, though directed the Shōhondō as a temporary home for the Dai-Gohonzon, the permanent home of the Dai-Gohonzon would be the future True High Sanctuary.

The construction of the Shōhondō was funded largely by donations from lay believers of Nichiren Shoshu. In 1968, approximately 8 million Soka Gakkai adherents contributed money to the construction.  An estimated grand total of ¥35,536,000,000 was raised:
 ¥ 35,064,300,000.00 came from the Sōka Gakkai lay organization.
 ¥ 313,820,000.00 from the Hokkekō lay organization
 ¥ 157,870,000.00 from Nichiren Shoshu priests and their families.

The building was demolished in 1998, the official reason given by Nichiren Shoshu for the demolition was the discovery of rust on the pillars within the temple. Engineers discovered that ocean sand had been used in the mortar of the building, risking the Dai Gohonzon's safety during an earthquake. The school also concedes that its demolition of the Shōhondō was an extension of the doctrinal dispute between it and Sōka Gakkai, emphasizing the impiety of the organisation as heretics for deviating from its formal doctrines of orthodoxy.

American architects Richard Meier and Robert Arthur Stern both disparaged the demolition. Terence Riley, former chief curator of architecture and design at the Museum of Modern Art in New York opined that the planned demolition would be a "regrettable finale" to a century that has "witnessed so much loss".

Nearby buildings

Myoren-ji Temple

An approximate thirty-minute walk from the Head Temple is Myoren-ji, which is another former "Head Temple" of the various Fuji schools which conjoined with Taisekiji in the 25 December 1950 during the proselytizing efforts of former Soka Gakkai President Josei Toda. The temple was once a former residence of Nanjo Tokimitsu, the person who donated the land of Taisekiji to Nikko Shonin. The temple's name derives from the Buddhist name (kaimyō) Nanjo Tokimitsu's wife, Myōren, whose historical birth name is unknown. This temple houses many historically significant artifacts, in particular, the Gohonzon enshrined in its main altar, which was transcribed by Nikko Shonin in the year 1315, and a small, decorative statue of Nichiren that is preserved as a historical remembrance. The temple is known for the unique format of its Oeshiki ceremony commemorating the death of Nichiren. Since 25 December 1950, it has been under the sacerdotal administration of the Nichiren Shoshu sect.

Notes

References
 Nichiren Shōshū Nyūmon (日蓮正宗入門: "Introduction to Nichiren Shoshu"), Taiseki-ji, 2002, pp. 336–348. (Japanese)
 Taisekiji (大石寺), Seikyo Shimbun-sha, 1971 (Japanese)

External links

 The Origin of Taisekiji Temple on the Nichiren Shoshu website.
 Map of Taisekiji on the Nichiren Shoshu website

Buddhist temples in Shizuoka Prefecture
Nichiren Buddhism
1290s establishments in Japan
1290 establishments in Asia
13th-century Buddhist temples
Fujinomiya, Shizuoka

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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post-title andrew byron wiki
andrew byron wiki
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text:
Barricade incident ends peacefully
A situation involving a barricaded man on McGregor Boulevard ended peacefully Wednesday afternoon.
Barricade incident ends peacefully A situation involving a barricaded man on McGregor Boulevard ended peacefully Wednesday afternoon. Check out this story on news-press.com: http://newspr.es/2d0luM9
MELISSA MONTOYA and MICHAEL BRAUN, The News-Press Published 2:45 p.m. ET Sept. 14, 2016 | Updated 6:07 p.m. ET Sept. 14, 2016
Barricade incident off of McGregor Blvd in Fort Myers ends peacefully
A situation involving a barricaded man on McGregor Boulevard ended peacefully Wednesday afternoon. The standoff last for about an hour and caused heavy traffic on the two-lane road as the Lee County Sheriff's Office responded. The man was detained and will be treated, LCSO said in a news release. Andrew West/news-press.com
Map(Photo: Special to The News-Press)
The standoff last for about an hour and caused heavy traffic on the two-lane road as the Lee County Sheriff's Office responded.
The man was detained and will be treated, LCSO said in a news release.
"We have located the subject we are looking for and he is being checked out medically," said Sgt. Anita Iriarte.
McGregor north and south bound near the intersection with Donna Drive was shut down briefly due to the active scene.
McGregor was reopened around 3 p.m. A sheriff's office spokeswoman said the community is not in danger.
Lee County schools reported that the incident caused a brief lockdown at Tangelwood Elementary School that has since been lifted.
Traffic had been being diverted to Colonial Boulevard and motorists were encouraged to avoid the area.
The News-Press will bring you more information as it becomes available.
VIEW: Live traffic conditions
Read or Share this story: http://newspr.es/2d0luM9


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2017, Ethnopharmacology. "5th International Conference and Exhibition on Pharmacology & Ethnopharmacology, March 27-29, 2017, Orlando." Medical News Today. MediLexicon, Intl., 26 Jul. 2016. Web.


text:
Roger Federer loses at Wimbledon, then ponders if it's for the last time
By OlympicTalkJul 7, 2021, 2:40 PM EDT
Roger Federer said he doesn't know if he will play another Wimbledon after being upset in the quarterfinals by Poland's Hubert Hurkacz.
"Of course, I would like to play it again, but at my age you're just never sure what's around the corner," said Federer, who turns 40 on Aug. 8.
Federer said he will take a few days to determine his next steps, including whether he will play the Tokyo Olympics. Asked about retirement, he said his goal is to continue playing.
WIMBLEDON DRAWS: Men | Women
"Everything that comes after Wimbledon, we were always going to sit down and talk about it," he said. "What do I need to do to get in better shape so I can be more competitive?"
Hurkacz, the 14th seed in his first major quarterfinal, swept Federer 6-3, 7-6 (4), 6-0, marking the Swiss' first straight-sets defeat at the All England Club since 2002. It's his first time losing a set 6-0 in 119 career Wimbledon matches and his second bagel anywhere since 1999.
Federer, the sixth seed, won the first of his record eight Wimbledon men's singles titles in 2003. It was also the first of his 20 Grand Slam singles titles, a male record he shares with Rafael Nadal. Novak Djokovic will tie them if he wins Wimbledon on Sunday.
Federer's last Grand Slam title came at the 2018 Australian Open. He went 13 months between tournaments after two knee surgeries in 2020, progressing from crutches to walking free to being back on the tennis court.
"I'm actually very happy I made it as far as I did here and I actually was able to play Wimbledon at the level that I did after everything I went through," he said.
The Centre Court crowd gave Federer a standing ovation as he left Wednesday. Federer acknowledged them.
"That's why I play," he said of the atmosphere. "That's why I still play now."
Hurkacz plays No. 7 Matteo Berrettini of Italy or No. 16 Felix Auger-Aliassime of Canada in the semifinals on Friday.
Djokovic, a five-time Wimbledon champ, plays Canadian Denis Shapovalov in the other semifinal.
An ovation for 22 years of memories 👏
It's been a pleasure as always, @rogerfederer #Wimbledon pic.twitter.com/GvsOenp68C
— Wimbledon (@Wimbledon) July 7, 2021


The Toyota Aygo had established itself as the show's "world champion of car football" — until 2008, when it was challenged by a team of VW Foxes, who wore Brazil kit. It was like Escape to Victory with small cars instead of Pele, Sly Stallone and co. The cars looked distinctly knackered by the final whistle. James May's even broke a metatarsal.


text:
Tom Hanks Sends A Typewriter To A Bullied Boy Named "Corona"
#Tom Hanks
by Francis Ellis April 23, 2020 12:41 pm
Captain Phillips
Here's a heartwarming story in these cold-hearted times: Tom Hanks, aka celebrity patient zero, sent a typewriter to a kid who was getting bullied because his name is Corona. Certainly a difficult name to have these days, but in a way, this is probably the best disease with which to share a name? After all, school is closed. All young Corona has to do to avoid bullying is delete his Facebook. Not to excuse the bullying, but it's certainly easier than being named Hoofenmouth or Bertfloo. Those poor kids must get CRUSHED.
Here's the story:
NY Post– When the 8-year-old boy heard of the double Oscar-winning actor's illness, he wrote asking, "Are you ok?" The correspondence was the start of their long distance friendship. In the heartfelt letter, which aired on Australia's Channel 7, De Vries tragically revealed that his schoolmates called him "the coronavirus" due to his COVID-evoking appellation, which made him "sad and angry."
Hanks wasn't one to see the boy suffer. So, dusting off his retro Corona typewriter which he happened to have brought to Australia with him, he wrote back on April 10, "Your letter made my wife and I feel so wonderful!"
Then, to further lift the bullying victim's spirits, Hanks bestowed De Vries with the vintage writing instrument that bore his unique name. "I thought this typewriter would suit you," he wrote, cheekily adding "Ask a grown up how it works. And use it to write me back."
It's a lovely gesture from Hanks. At the same time, if I were to receive a typewriter from perhaps the most famous person to contract the disease, I might let that package sit on the porch for a few weeks. If we're playing "name an object that might be riddled with Coronavirus," TYPEWRITER might be the #1 answer, followed by inflatable nurse, then ice luge, then shot ski.
Not to mention, what the hell is an 8-year-old supposed to do with a typewriter? Dirk Nowitzki is a personal hero of mine but if he were to send me a care package containing a Gateway 2000, I might reconsider my idols.
Who am I kidding. Still cool. Hat tip to Tom, congrats to Corona, all my continued love and admiration to Dirk.
Francis Ellis
Senior Editor at BroBible and co-host of Oops the Podcast
Tags bullyingKidTom Hanks


text:
«Barco a Venus» es el sexto sencillo de Mecano, grupo español de tecno-pop. Se publicó el 16 de abril de 1983 con la referencia CBS A-3430, con la cara B «Este chico es una joya», siendo la tarjeta de presentación (primer sencillo) del segundo álbum del grupo, ¿Dónde está el país de las hadas?. La compuso I. Cano. La producción, como en el resto de temas del álbum, corrió a cargo de Jorge Álvarez, con arreglos Luis Cobos y Mecano.

Canción
«Barco a Venus» fue compuesta por Nacho Cano y presentada antes de ser grabada en estudio. El 20 de diciembre de 1982, Mecano, que había comenzado a actuar en directo la primavera de ese año, dio un concierto en el pabellón de la Ciudad Deportiva del Real Madrid. Además de pasar revista a todos los temas de su anterior álbum, presentaron dos canciones que Nacho Cano había compuesto para el nuevo disco, «El ladrón de discos» y «Yonki», que más tarde cambiaría su nombre a «Barco a Venus». Su temática es clara: los peligros de la drogadicción: «reflejaba mucho aquellos años en los que las drogas se apoderaron de muchos de mis amigos», explica Nacho Cano. Hasta tal punto se identificó la canción con la drogadicción que «Barco a Venus» fue la canción que cerró el concierto Música para Vivir, celebrado el 7 de octubre de 1989 en el Estadio Olímpico de Barcelona, organizado por la Fundación de Ayuda contra la Drogadicción. Todos los grupos participantes cantaron juntos el tema, «canción emblemática del problema de drogodependencias». A diferencia de la mayor parte de las letras de sus primeros discos, consideradas en general «cursis e inócuas» por una crítica musical que inicialmente denostó al grupo, la letra de «Barco a Venus» tocaba un tema «comprometido».

Mecano comenzó a grabar el nuevo disco en los primeros meses de 1983. CBS puso a su disposición el mismo equipo con el que habían trabajado en Mecano. Sin embargo, los resultados fueron mucho peores, algo que se achacó a la premura y al hecho de que los miembros del equipo estuviesen al mismo tiempo participando en otras producciones. «Barco a Venus», pero también otras canciones, como «Focas» o «Ese chico es una joya», sufrieron una producción que disgustó mucho a los miembros del grupo  y que hizo que, en general, las versiones en directo fuesen mucho mejores. En palabras de Nacho Cano, «esta canción siempre me gustó más en directo que en el disco, quizá por la producción».

«Barco a Venus» fue el primer sencillo del nuevo álbum. La elección fue de los propios miembros del grupo, contraviniendo los deseos de la discográfica: CBS prefería que fuese «Ese chico es una joya». El sencillo fue un éxito, y el álbum tuvo entre moderadas y buenas ventas, (800.000 al pie del millón de su primer disco) suficientes para poder grabar otro álbum.

Listado de temas

Cara A
 «Barco a Venus» (3:19) (I. Cano)

Cara B
 «Este chico es una joya» (2:30) (I. Cano)

Otras ediciones
Existe otro sencillo promocional, edición especial con una portada distinta —portada de fondo amarillo con flores en la carátula y contraportada— publicado el 16 de abril de 1983.

Valoración
La canción «hizo correr ríos de tinta en la prensa musical», aunque en una crítica reciente en Jenesaispop se hace referencia a su mala versión en directo. El mismo año de su publicación fue usada en el anuncio publicitario de las oficinas de turismo español en Holanda sin tenerse en cuenta la realidad del protagonista de la letra de la canción: la drogodependencia. La canción ha sido señalada como uno de los sencillos «pegadizos» del segundo y tercer disco de Mecano que se salvaron de la «fría respuesta» del público ante el giro a un sonido más «moderno y minimalista» por parte de la banda. Raúl Alonso, de lafonoteca.net, define al tema como «canción excelsa» dentro de un disco, ¿Dónde está el país de las hadas?, considerado «el patito feo» de la discografía de Mecano.

Recopilatorios y versiones
«Barco a Venus» fue el primer sencillo de ¿Dónde está el país de las hadas?. Una de las canciones más exitosas del grupo, ha sido una constante en todas las giras del grupo, desde su primera gira, en 1981. También ha aparecido sistemáticamente en todos los recopilatorios de Mecano:
 En concierto (1985, CBS)
 20 grandes canciones (1989, CBS)
 Ana, José, Nacho (1998, BMG)

En 2004, con producción de Carlos Jean, la artista mexicana Fey presentó su disco La fuerza del destino (2004, EMI Latin), en el que versionaba doce temas de Mecano. «Barco a Venus» fue uno de ellos, siendo el segundo sencillo del álbum (2005, EMI Latin). Este se publicó con cinco remezclas adicionales de Hex Hector. También apareció en En tu fiesta me colé (2005, El Diablo), el disco tributo en que participaron artistas del rock indie español. La versión de «Barco a Venus» estuvo a cargo de Profesor Popsnuggle. El grupo indie barcelonés Sidonie, en compañía del cocinero Sergi Arola, versionó también «Barco a Venus» en un disco benéfico Voces X 1 fin: Juntos por Malí, promovido en 2010 para construir una escuela en este país africano. Según Virginia Díaz, directora de 180 grados de Radio 3, Sidonie «han cogido 'Barco a Venus' de Mecano, la han desmenuzado, la han 'llevado' a los Abbey Road y han hecho que parezca estar dentro de 'Revolver' de The Beatles».

Paralelamente fue incluida en el musical que, sobre las canciones de Mecano, se estrenó en 2005 en España y que se ha exhibido exitosamente en España y México, Hoy no me puedo levantar, así como en La fuerza del destino, espectáculo de homenaje a Mecano, estrenado en 2012 y dirigido por Hansel Cereza, de La Fura dels Baus.

Por otro lado ha sido habitual en los conciertos de Ana Torroja tras la desaparición del grupo. Durante 1999 y 2000, la cantante se embarcó en una dilatada gira con Miguel Bosé por España y Latinoamérica, de la que se grabó un álbum doble en directo grabado en La Coruña: Girados en concierto (2000, WEA), en la que cada intérprete contribuía con un número equivalente de temas. «Barco a Venus» estuvo entre ellos. Volvió a aparecer en Me cuesta tanto olvidarte (2006, Sony BMG), álbum en el que la antigua cantante de Mecano reinterpretaba la canción en clave de «rumba». La última aparición de «Barco a Venus» en la discografía de Ana Torroja está en Conexión, álbum grabado en directo en México a finales de 2014, que cierra con esta canción.

«Barco a Venus» está también incluida en la versión Mecano del juego de karaoke SingStar.

Portada
En la portada, sobre un fondo blanco, se reparten recuadros de las fotos enmarcadas de cada uno de los integrantes del grupo, dispuestas de manera desordenada. En la contraportada se reproducen las letras de las dos canciones.

En la edición promocional especial, los temas son los mismos; la portada es distinta: el color de fondo es amarillo, con una flor de lirio amarillo (Iris pseudacorus) ocupando toda la portada en diagonal. La contraportada tiene como color de fondo un blanco-crema, con una foto de los miembros de Mecano en un pequeño recuadro y, ocupando casi toda la contraportada la foto de un tulipán rosado con la flor inclinada hacia abajo. En la galleta en el lado A aparece también el lirio amarillo que se ve en la portada del sencillo; pero en la galleta del lado B en vez de usar el mismo tulipán sencillo de la contraportada aparecen dos tulipanes del tipo Rembrandt en color rojo con estrías blancas.

Notas

Referencias

Bibliografía

Enlaces externos
 «Barco a Venus» en el canal oficial de Mecano en YouTube
 «Barco a Venus» (versión de Mecano en Concierto) en el canal oficial de Mecano en YouTube
 Versión de «Barco a Venus» en directo en la web de RTVE

Canciones de Mecano
Sencillos de 1983
Sencillos de Mecano
Canciones de España de 1983
Sencillos número uno en España
Canciones en español


text:
Russia invests in cancer nanodrug capacity and safety
By Gareth Macdonald
16-Feb-2010 - Last updated on 16-Feb-2010 at 08:36 GMT
Rusnano, the group set up to promote Russia's nanotechnology infrastructure, says nanodrug development partnership will improve patient access and cut cancer death rates across the country.
The project will focus on expanding production capacity for anticancer agents developed by the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences' NN Blokhin Cancer Research Centre in Moscow using liposomal targeted delivery technology.
Rusnano will contribute RUB1.3bn (€31.6m) while Novouralsk-based pharma firm Medsintez, which will undertake commercial manufacture of the drugs developed by the Blokhin centre, will invest RUB2.6bn.
The production of liposome nanotechnology based versions of doxorubicin, lizomustin, tsifelin, aranoz, and bacteriochlorin, as well as of drugs delivered using immunoliposome and monoclonal antibodies, is slated to begin by 2014.
Olga Shpichko, Rusnano's managing director, said: "Production of highly effective anti-cancer drugs in Russia will lower death rates from cancer among all population groups; it will increase the average lifespan and improve the quality of life."
Shpichko went on to predict the additional capacity will reduce prices improve accessibility and allow the government to increase the amount of drugs it purchases for target programs without changing the budget.
Nanotech safety accord
In a separate agreement, Rusnano has teamed up with the Russian Federal Medical Biological Agency (FMBA) to ensure that nanodrugs are made in a way that ensures the "epidemiological well being of the country's inhabitants."
Under the agreement, RUSNANO and FMBA will develop technical and organizational measures to safeguard production and use of nanomaterials, nanotechnology, and products of the nanoindustry.
The organisations will also have a role in the creating of laws governing required safety standards for nanodrugs, covering everything from initial development and scientific research to production, consumption and disposal of the products.
Formation of the partnership follows just a few weeks after the US examined its rules on manotech drug safety.
The proposed laws, the Nanotechnology Safety Act of 2010, would amend the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act to establish a nanotechnology safety programme at the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Related topics: Bio Developments
IAG raises $52m to establish Russian preclinical GLP CRO


text:
Žirovnica (izvirno ) je naselje v Srbiji, ki upravno spada pod Občino Batočina; slednja pa je del Šumadijskega upravnega okraja.

Demografija
V naselju živi 694 polnoletnih prebivalcev, pri čemer je njihova povprečna starost 43,2 let (42,7 pri moških in 43,7 pri ženskah). Naselje ima 239 gospodinjstev, pri čemer je povprečno število članov na gospodinjstvo 3,47.

To naselje je popolnoma srbsko (glede na rezultate popisa iz leta 2002).

Viri in opombe

Glej tudi
 seznam naselij v Srbiji

Naselja Šumadijskega upravnega okraja


Skinny Jeans & a Chai Latte: 2014 :: February commitments + March mini-goals.
I hate the dentist and totally understand delaying this process - but good for you for finally making an appointment! Good luck with the rest of your March goals!
Way to go on your monthly goals. I've been working on some personal goals this year, sort of privately. And like your monthly goals, I have found that I accomplish more when I make a list weekly or bi-weekly and check them off. It's like bite-size goal setting.


The FILE OF LIFE idea was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut a few years ago in a slightly different form as the Vial of Life, which was to be kept inside the refrigerator. But the small vial, with a piece of paper containing medical information inside of it, kept getting lost. In addition, when moisture accumulated in the vial, the information became unreadable.
In addition to the FILE OF LIFE for the refrigerator, a compact version is also available for a person to carry in a wallet or purse. A card containing the same medical information is enclosed in the plastic case that is with the person at all times.
This personal wallet size version is an invaluable resource to emergency medical teams responding to critical, life-threatening situations. Having instant access to medical facts and data can make the difference when every second counts.
The "File of Life" program is… …Economical …Effective …Efficient …Endorsed by Hospitals, EMTs, COAs, TRIAD's, Municipal, Medical, Senior Citizen Organizations, Police, Sheriff's, and Fire Departments. …Easy to get started. …in place in approximately 4,500 communities. …in place in over 14,000,000 homes. …throughout the United States, and growing every day.
Did you know… of all Emergency Calls are for Senior Citizens? Are they prepared for this? There's panic, confusion, fear, and a terrible sense of urgency and helplessness. Who is at Risk? We all are. Medical Emergencies can happen to anyone at any time. That's why everyone needs the "File of Life". It can make the difference between life and death.
We need your help to start saving lives in your community. With the "File of Life" there is solid information on conditions and medications. It's written down and ready to be utilized immediately by the EMT's.


Betternet lets you surf the web anonymously with no concerns about being tracked by the government or your ISP. Your IP will be changed and nobody can track your activity on the Internet. Betternet secures your device's connection while you're connected to public wifi hotspots, cellular data networks, and other public locations. It works just like a free proxy but it's even more secure. Your password and your personal data are secured and you are protected from hacker attacks. is fast! It detects your location automatically and connects you to the nearest server; as a result, your connection will be much faster than other providers.
Access to blocked websites: With Betternet Windows VPN the entire range of blocked websites become accessible on your Chrome web browser. You can access YouTube, Facebook, and Twitter everywhere.
Protect your online privacy and security. With Betternet Windows VPN your data and personal information are secured on the web and nobody can track your activity on the Internet. You can confidently use public Wi-fi without being afraid of hackers.


text:
University of Toronto investigating handling of sexual assault report
The University of Toronto is investigating the way it handled a report of sexual assault after a student says the school failed to help her avoid her attacker in classes she shared with him, CBC News has learned.
Student says U of T failed to help her avoid attacker
Lori Ward · CBC News · Posted: Feb 16, 2015 5:02 PM ET | Last Updated: February 16, 2015
The University of Toronto won't discuss the student's particular case, but a representative says students in crisis should be offered academic options to help them finish their studies. (CBC)
The student had a meeting with a representative from the university's counselling services during the last school year but instead of getting help, she says, she left "blaming" herself.
"[The staff member] made comments like, 'Oh who's paying for your university? You're wasting your parents' money if you don't go to class,'" the student, whom CBC News agreed not to identify, said in an interview.
Sex assault reporting on Canadian campuses worryingly low, say experts
Interactive: Campus sexual assault reports
Ryerson, Acadia University statements on CBC's campus sexual assaults report
"She literally said, if you don't show up to class, then he wins. They made it sound like there was nothing I could do but shut up, deal with it and go to class."
The revelation follows a CBC News survey of 87 university and colleges across Canada requesting the number of sexual assaults reported on each campus over five years. The results showed a patchwork approach to the way institutions handle reports of sexual assault.
The meeting with the student at the University of Toronto followed an incident the previous month, she says. After sharing a drink with a classmate, the student says she was sexually assaulted. She believes the drink may have been spiked with a drug.
"I went in and out of consciousness, where I remember him having sex with me. And also him forcing me to give him oral sex. I do remember that," she says. "I didn't know what was happening in the moment and I was just passing out."
It was "only really the next day when I woke up and I was in shock thinking about the night before [that] I could put together the pattern of what happened."
She says the incident led to her feeling depressed and unable to attend classes.
She did not want to press charges because she doesn't want her family to find out, but, she says, she wanted help avoiding her attacker in her classes.
"He was in two of my classes so I didn't want to go to those classes because seeing him would cause a panic attack," she says. "I didn't want to be reminded about what happened and so I just stopped going to the classes."
Academic options
A resource guide for universities and colleges published by the province of Ontario spells out how a case like hers should be handled.
"When students do choose to disclose, the first person they tell will likely be someone they trust such as a friend, family member, roommate, classmate, coach, staff or faculty member. The nature of that response can have a significant effect on the victim's well-being and decisions about next steps," it says.
"A campus environment in which individuals feel comfortable coming forward helps ensure they receive the assistance they need and supports the institution in its efforts to identify and deal with perpetrators."
Key to that response, the guide says, is offering students "academic considerations" such as continuing a class from home.
But the student says the only option she was presented was delaying her exams. Nothing was offered to help her avoid her attacker, she says.
University investigating
With the student's permission, CBC News took her concerns to the University of Toronto. The university says it is now investigating.
"The University of Toronto takes the safety and well-being of our students very seriously," Lucy Fromowitz, U of T's assistant vice-president of student life, wrote to CBC News in a statement.
While the university won't discuss the student's particular case, Fromowitz acknowledges students in crisis should be offered academic options to help them finish their studies.
"We thank you for bringing these concerns to our attention and will be investigating to determine appropriate next steps."
Holly Johnson, a University of Ottawa criminology professor who studies violence against women at Canadian universities, says universities need to be better prepared to deal with situations like this.
"What should happen in that situation is [the student] should be provided accommodation for learning and not having to sit beside him in class because to suggest that that is OK and she's letting him win by letting it affect her in that way is dismissing the way she feels," she says.
"It's putting the responsibility on her to just get over it and it's exonerating him."
Familiar story
The U of T student's story is a familiar one for Lee Lakeman, who works with the Vancouver Rape Relief centre, which also helps students who have been assaulted on campus.
"I do think that's one thing women are going to do, they are going to start suing [universities] for failure to do due diligence in taking care of these situations," says Lakemans.
"That's a slow route. If they would just be more responsive now and just get on with it."
In the end, the student from the University of Toronto managed to finish her classes and has since changed colleges within the U of T to avoid meeting her attacker. All of that, she says, happened in spite of the university's initial response to her situation.
And, she adds, that first meeting with the university continues to be a barrier to her recovery.
"At that point, like I said, I was totally blaming myself for what happened," she says.
"I just thought maybe what happened to me wasn't a big deal, maybe it wasn't assault. Which I know now it was, but at that moment I was totally isolated, alone. And they just totally let me down and set me far, far back from where I feel like I could be today."
We want to hear your stories. If you have any information to share on this topic, please contact timothy.sawa@cbc.ca.
Campus sexual assault reports: How we did it
Canadian campuses lack U.S.-style transparency on sex assault reports


Numerous studies support the value of engaging children in the arts. Students benefit from academic success, better attention spans, and a chance to develop their creativity. Regular instruction in the arts has even been linked to eventual success in college and the workforce. Students at St. Luke's have the opportunity to explore a full range of fine arts.
Regular participation with art begins in the early childhood program. Our youngest children explore artistic creativity as part of their daily routines. They also attend music and movement classes two times per week. Kindergarten students add a weekly trip to the art room with a certified teacher who guides them in their study of elements of art. Students in PreK-4 and kindergarten even experiment with the performing arts through annual productions.
Lower school students continue their art education through weekly art classes. They study elements of art, influence of the arts on cultures around the world, and the works of famous artists. They learn techniques for painting and using clay along with other media. Fourth and fifth grade students begin to explore computer generated graphics on iPads. Lower school students continue learning about the performing arts through class plays and the production of videos they create and edit.
Middle school students experience the fine arts through an elective based program. Each quarter, they are able to select courses in drama, painting, pottery, computer graphics and film and literature. In addition, 6th grade students may take a music exploration class where they get to try a variety of instruments that interest them. Seventh and 8th grade students are eligible to participate in band.


Giorgio Vasari was a painter who knew many of the big names of the Italian art world either through anecdotes gathered from friends, or in his personal relationships with them, and he made his name beside them as a successful artist and architect, working for the powerful Medici family in Florence. Although his paintings and buildings are magnificent achievements, he is most famous for the book he wrote based on his knowledge of other artists, with a mouthful of a title that could only be found on the binding of a sixteenth-century book: The Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors and Architects, from Cimabue to Our Times. This was the first art history book, establishing an area of study that would become a staple to universities throughout the world. It was gossipy, sensational, scandalous and mostly true.
Besides being the first book about art history, Vasari's "Lives" was remarkable for being the first book that used the term "renaissance" to describe the changes that had taken place in the world of decorative art since the dramatic events of the fifteenth century, which included the earth-shaking collapse of Byzantium, the great capital of the Eastern Roman Empire, and one of the most impressive cultural centers of the Medieval world, leading to a flood of scholars scurrying to the West for sanctuary, bearing bulging trunks full of books that had not been seen for generations. Vasari published his book in 1550. The craftsman who type-set his letters to form the word "r-e-n-a-i-s-s-a-n-c-e" for the first time set them more than a century after it had begun. Of course, people knew that something new and exciting in the arts was going on before Vasari wrote, but they didn't know what it was to be called. Vasari gave the period its name. After Lives, we could look back with a historical gaze to the mighty culture of the Renaissance.
Now we live at the end of the post-war era, in which the world wars are passing from living memory into history, and recollections of the atrocious events of '39 – '45 are retreating from the immediacy of personal experience into the quiet records of old books and articles, and old-fashioned movie reels, where they become strangely impersonal, their horrors tamed by the distance of time. After the wars avant-gardism, their ideological child, spread like a zombie plague. Avant-gardists claimed that sentiment in art was evil, then that representation was dead, then that skill must be eliminated. President Roosevelt announced the US government's embrace of the avant-garde, and the rejection of tradition in 1939 when he opened the Museum of Modern Art's new building, saying that American artists worked with "Complete freedom from the strictures of dead artistic traditions…" Sold wholesale as a symbol of Western liberty, avant-gardism was boosted as a political tool of the Western establishment to help fracture confidence in the totalitarian rule of Nazis and Communists. Since the collapse of the Berlin Wall, the US government's interest in avant-gardism as an expression of soft power has evaporated and it has removed much of its financial support.
Avant-gardist philosophy has run out of ideas, and has lost political support, and has retreated to the ivory tower. Among aspiring Americans, it is being supplanted by healthy and honest thinking about the craftsmanship of painting and sculpture. In the same way that the Renaissance followed on from the stagnant medieval period, now we have arrived at a new period. Unlike avant-gardist establishment artists, wandering like zombies through a dying, artificial world, representational painters and sculptors who love making images of "stuff that looks like stuff," are cheerfully comfortable in making work that appeals to a popular marketplace of aspirational Americans. While using the tools of the digital age, these are craftsmen and craftswomen who also deeply respect the traditional techniques of the studio, creating skillfully made work that resembles what we see in the natural, sensual world and making both sensual and intellectual connections with their audience. Their work is closely aligned with the way we experience life, capturing in still imagery the beauty of transient moments.
Many of these painters and sculptors will be at The Representational Art Conference in Ventura, California this April. Among them, Teresa Oaxaca will be there to demonstrate how she paints her wonderful images of theatrical cos-play baroque indulgence and mad tea-parties; Regina Jacobson paints startling images of women and fashion and will talk about imagination and narrative; Roger Dean – the father of imaginative realism – will talk about the importance of imagination in the 21st Century. Alicia Ponzio and Brian Booth Craig will demonstrate their remarkable sculpting skills.
Like Vasari's "renaissance" this emergent art movement doesn't yet have a name, although like the people who lived during the Italian renaissance we know a new zeitgeist is shaping the way we make things in the twenty-first century. Like the art of the Renaissance, the work produced with this new spirit of the age has a solid foundation in the practices of the past and finds joy in emulating them. It is deeply rooted in skillful technique, imagination, and the search for beauty. Skill-based representational painting and sculpture are an antidote to the zombie plague, with a heartbeat stronger and louder than the insidious whispers of the undead; they are the medicine that returns our culture to life and love.


text:
A game with over 4,000 achievements has just launched on Steam
By Tom Marks 2017-05-22T19:57:24.141Z
We got 49 achievements in two minutes in this $1 game about drinking vodka and avoiding bears.
Just last week we took a look at the most obscure Steam achievements available, but I fear that list is now woefully out of date. Yesterday, a game called Running Through Russia launched on Steam Early Access for $1, and it has over 4,000 achievements to unlock. It's an endless runner about collecting vodka and dodging bears, but that part comes secondary to the constant stream of little grey boxes that appear in the bottom right corner of your screen while playing.
One of the top Steam reviews says "I got 50 achievements for bumping into a bear (each time)," so it doesn't sound like they're too hard to get. Our own Tyler Wilde played it for around two minutes and unlocked 49 achievements. It's unclear what the achievements are awarded for specifically, as they all have generic names like "new_achievement_127_26." You can take a look at the full list of 4096 achievements here.
Running Through Russia is not very good, Tyler has confirmed. The trailer's claimed "super-duper-ultra-mega hardcore gameplay" takes a back seat to the comedy of being bombarded with achievements after getting mauled by bears (that is, bumping into them and resetting). Still, for those dedicated few who try to get every single achievement on Steam, I'm sure Running Through Russia will be an insta-buy.


This service trains the client using daily, meaningful activities that relate to self advocacy, daily living and social skills that are culturally and age appropriate. The service is usually site based but may be conducted in the community using an entrepreneurial approach or mobile work crews.
ADT providers will provide annual orientation outlining the opportunities for supported employment available to the clients. ADT services are not to exceed 240 days using a five day week model at six hours a day including four per day for training.
With newly renovated and expanded program space, workshops in ProjectFREE Gallery for Adult Services provide day services for adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Workshops emphasize pre-vocational/ vocational training, wellness, and daily living, social, and communication skills?
Community inclusion is a key goal of the program.
• Field trips to local shopping, recreational and cultural centers.
This service is provided to clients to train for and maintain employment. The SE coach will assist the client in all aspects of employment including obtaining and maintaining a job and honing the skills to adequately perform the job properly and interact with co-workers and the public.
This service is rendered at the client's place of employment or their residence. It may be implemented one-on-one or in a group of up to eight clients.
This service is provided to clients so they may access the community based waiver services from their place of residence. Transportation is provided between residence and a waiver service site or between two distinct waiver sites of different providers. The service may be billed monthly or by one-way trip or by the mile. The funds may not pay for transportation services funded by Medicaid.
These services are activities related to the implementation of the behavioral plan set by the Behavior Analysis. These services will help reduce or replace the problematic behavior. Services are shorter and may be discontinued when the client demonstrates the skills and coping mechanisms in dealing with addressing behavioral issues.
These services are for adults ranging from one-on-one to three-on-one and are usually provided within the community but may be offered in the client's house.
This service is provided for supervision, non-medical care and socialization activities. Clients are provided services geared towards their Support Plan. Activities will strengthen daily life skills such as planning and preparation of meals, shopping, laundry and house cleaning. Pertinent activities may be attending volunteer activities in the community, visits to the library and shopping.
Companion services are for adults and may be provided one-on-on, two-on-one, or three-on-one and are usually provided in the community but may be rendered at their residence.
This service is provided to clients giving them supervision, training and companionship. Staff may be a live-in aid at the client's residence or work ranging from a four hour shift to a 24 hour shift in a supported living setting. These services insure companionship, safety and daily living and self care.


text:
Home sportsnews CRICKET Liton pleased with Bangladesh's showing against top teams
Liton pleased with Bangladesh's showing against top teams
Liton Das of Bangladesh(L) walks off after being dismissed during the Group Stage match of the ICC Cricket World Cup 2019 between Pakistan and Bangladesh at Lords on July 05, 2019 in London, England. (Photo by Jordan Mansfield/Getty Images)
Liton Das is pleased with his team's performance in the World Cup and the way it held its own against heavyweights such as India and Australia in unfamiliar conditions.
Blowing hot and cold, Bangladesh ended their World Cup engagements with a 94-run loss against Pakistan at Lord's. They suffered five losses while winning three against South Africa, West Indies and Afghanistan.
Mashrafe Mortaza's men also tested each of the four semi-finalists — India, Australia, New Zealand and England.
"This has not been a bad tournament, there were a lot of close games, there are lots of positives we can take. We've come to different conditions and proven that we can win matches, that we can play against the top opposition," said Liton. "
We beat South Africa and West Indies here in conditions that are not easy for us, we ran Australia, India and New Zealand close, and that's a big positive. It shows that we can play all around the world and we should take a lot of confidence from that," the 24-year-old added.
Liton had a perfect start to the tournament when he blasted an unbeaten 94 during his side's seven-wicket win over West Indies at Taunton but he couldn't replicate that form in the following matches.
"I didn't live up to my expectations, I scored a few 20s or 30s but if I had got that up to 50 or 60 if not more, that could have made a big difference to the team," said Liton, who had scored 121 against India in last year's Asia Cup final.
"It's quite disappointing not to contribute in the way that I would have liked, it wasn't the manner I hoped for, you need some luck along the way but I didn't feel I played the way I know I can.
"I had some okay performances but I wanted a lot more to be able to help my team to wins. Shakib has played very well but we lost out in some of the partnerships and weren't able to support him as much as we would have liked."
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There are many different situations in which the guardianship of children involves violence or neglect. In instances such as these, an emergency guardianship may be authorized. An emergency guardianship takes place when a court assigns an individual the temporary responsibility of caring for a minor until a more permanent situation can be arranged.
An emergency guardianship may be established in circumstances of alleged abuse by the child's parents. If the child's parents are suspected of abuse, then an individual over the age of eighteen may petition the court in order to establish an emergency guardianship of children of the suspects while the investigation is on-going. The prospective guardian must complete an application and file it with the local State court or the county clerk's office.
The individual who is filing the petition will need to explain why emergency guardianship is appropriate by describing the injury and the harm that could occur to the minor if they continue to remain in their current environment. Although the regulations and procedures regarding the guardianship of children vary a great deal from State to State and court to court, the process of appointing an emergency guardian is usually much quicker than the process of appointing a general guardian.
Appointing an emergency guardian may only take three to five days, while authorizing a general guardianship may take longer than month to complete. This is because, if the minor continues to reside in an environment that is detrimental to their physical or mental health, then irreversible harm may come to the child. Therefore, it is essential to take action quickly and to assign new guardianship of children in hurtful situations.
A limited guardianship is the guardianship of children in only specific aspects of their lives. In some instances, a court may find that a child is not receiving adequate care or education in a certain area due to their parent's beliefs. For example, the parents of the child may be opposed to certain medical treatment that would be in the best interest of the child. If the court decides that the child should be receiving that specific medical treatment, then the court has the ability to appoint a limited guardian. The individual who receives the guardianship of children in this situation will be responsible for making sure that the child receives the proper medical treatment.
In a case like this, the limited guardian may be a family member, an attorney, or a doctor. The parents will continue to maintain guardianship of their child in all other aspects of the child's life, except for those that have been detailed by the court. There are many situations in which it would be beneficial to the child's health and essential to their safety to appoint a special guardian. This special guardian will ensure that the child remains well cared for and unharmed.