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3 Dividend-Paying Stocks for 2021
Stocks with an economic moat, a disciplined dividend policy and favourable share prices are the best picks for our equity income portfolio. Here are three that fit the bill
Francesco Lavecchia 21 December, 2020 | 11:51AM
The end of a year is a natural time to reflect on your investment portfolio and perhaps make a few changes for the year ahead. So how should equity income investors position for 2021?
After a volatile year, which saw a raft of dividend cuts, picking the best income options has never seemed so difficult. But we know from Morningstar research that companies with a solid business model have proved able to constantly increase their pay outs over the years.
The Morningstar Economic Moat is a good indicator of such businesses. Morningstar analysts pay high attention to how companies are positioned within the competitive environment and assign them an economic moat (wide or narrow) to those that demonstrate a business model so solid that can generate returns in excess of their cost of capital in the next give or 10 years.
Here we have found three stocks with a very disciplined dividend policy and which have increased their dividend for at least the past five years. The stocks all have an economic moat and are currently trading at a discount compared to the fair value as estimated by Morningstar. The last point goes in the direction of not incurring in a capital loss and not falling into a dividend trap.
Danone (BN) shares are down a hefty 25% since year-to-date in euro terms, and are now trading at a 20% discount compared to their fair value of €64. The French company has business divisions in dairy, plant-based foods and specialised nutrition. Shares in the firm fell further in November when it announced plans to cut 2,000 jobs in a bid to make cost savings of €1 billion.
But in addition to the potential capital gains the stock offers, it also has a dividend yield above 3% (based on current market prices). Morningstar analysts assign to Danone a narrow economic moat and approve the management's decision to reduce operating costs.
"We think Danone commands a narrow moat, supported by its entrenched position in the supply chain, pricing power in its specialised nutrition business and a cost advantage", says Ioannis Pontikis, Morningstar equity analyst. "The group announced a new cost-savings plan (€1 billion by 2023), with the majority expected to be delivered by the end of 2022, and it expects to translate this into a margin improvement."
Roche Holding (RO) is down about 1% year to date and is now trading at a 30% discount compared to the fair value estimate of 417 Swiss francs. Some investors may find this surprising given that the race for a Covid-19 vaccine has put the healthcare sector very much in vogue this year. The Swiss healthcare company has a wide economic moat, assigned because of its robust portfolio of drugs and a strong positio in the oncology and multiple sclerosis segments, in which the company has a great pricing power.
Morningstar equity sector director Damien Conover adds: "Thanks to strong information sharing with Genentech, Roche will be able to gain a significant market share also in the biologic drugs industry." He praises the firm's excellent financial strength - in recent years it has managed to reduce its debt, and analysts expect this trend to continue in the future. "Over the next five we forecast 10% bottom-line compound annual growth and a payout ratio of around 50%," says Conover.
French pharma giant Sanofi (SAN) has seen its stock price slide 2.6% so far in 2020 and it is rated a four-star stock by Morningstar analysts, indicating that it is trading below its fair value estimate.
But the stock may be a solid option for income-seekers as it has consistently paid a dividend over the past five years, even during the recent market turmoil. Based on its current share price, the stock yields a tidy 3.7%.
Sanofi's wide line-up of branded drugs and vaccines and robust pipeline create strong cash flows earns it a wide economic moat. However, analysts point out that over the long-term, increasing branded and a deteriorating pricing environment will likely lead to continued sales declines for some of the group's key products like Lantus, an insulin treatment for diabetics.
Conover forecasts five-year average annual revenue growth rate of 3%, largely driven by steady gains with consumer products and vaccines along with new product launches offsetting deteriorating pricing for the company's top drug Lantus, and a margin improvement thanks to a careful cost-cutting.
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Francesco Lavecchia è Research Editor di Morningstar in Italia


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Public Release: 8-Dec-2016
Scientists determine how much damage memory devices can take in mass transit accidents
IMAGE: Steve Cain is a senior research support specialist in the Integrated Electronics Engineering Center (IEEC) at Binghamton University. view more
Credit: Jonathan Cohen/Binghamton University
BINGHAMTON, NY - While investigating mass transit accidents, especially in air travel, National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) officials often rely on digital clues left behind in flash memories of any and all electronic devices -- both personal and professional -- at a crash site. With the physical forces and high-temperature fires associated with many crashes, memory units are often damaged and sometimes unreadable.
Researchers at Binghamton University, State University of New York have figured out how much damage memory units can sustain before becoming unreadable and new repair techniques to retrieve clues off of damaged units, which might help prevent future tragedies.
"The biggest surprise was how much punishment these devices can take before ceasing to function," said Steve Cain, who is the project manager and a senior research support specialist in the Integrated Electronics Engineering Center (IEEC) at Binghamton University. "As part of their post-crash investigations, the NTSB collects anything and everything at the scene, including personal electronic devices. If the device was active during or just before the crash, it is possible that the data stored in the memory can provide clues as to the cause of the crash. Most of the time the device is ruined, but sometimes it is intact."
The interdisciplinary Binghamton group of Cain, Preeth Sivakumar, Jack Lombardi, and Mark Poliks along with James Cash, Joseph Gregor, and Michael Budinski from the NTSB, presented "Fire Damage and Repair Techniques for Flash Memory Modules: Implication for Post-Crash Investigations" at the Fall 2016 International Symposium of Microelectronics.
Scientists found plastic coverings started to break down after three hours of exposure to temperatures of 300 degrees Celsius, or about 572 degrees Fahrenheit or more, but memory chips were still readable.
Researchers pointed out that even with the pressures and forces in play during past crashes, temperatures typically only reach those levels for short periods of time.
"Data integrity was maintained even in a plasma discharge," Cain said. "Basically, if the device doesn't burn up, there is a reasonable chance of the data being retained in the chip. The only problem is that the connections to the memory chips may be broken, so that the data cannot be read."
For the second part of the study, researchers addressed the readability issue. The team purposely damaged memory units and then extracted memory chips using acid, lasers, plasma, or mechanical polishing.
Lasers were the most effective extraction method and mechanical extractions was the simplest, but each method still damaged the wire bonds within memory chips and made many unreadable. A specialized metallic ink from a precision printer was used to restore functionality.
"These results expand the investigative scope for aviation accidents, where the data rather than the device is of paramount importance," the team concluded. "It is possible to repair the interconnections of flash memory modules, provided the chip is intact."
Steve Cain
scain@binghamton.edu
@binghamtonu
http://www.binghamton.edu
Fall 2016 International Symposium of Microelectronics
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING/ELECTRONICS
TECHNOLOGY/ENGINEERING/COMPUTER SCIENCE
Steve Cain, Binghamton University (IMAGE)
http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2016-THP51
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Driving licence delays in Cork
By TheCork.ie on 6th April, 2014 No Comment
By Bryan Smyth
Cork South Central TD Michael McGrath says it's unacceptable that people in Cork are facing lengthy delays at the National Driver Licence Service office in the city centre. There have been reports of people waiting over four hours to be seen, only to be told to come back another day to have their applications processed.
"The Road Safety Authority privatised the licensing system in January 2013, and while teething problems can be expected at the beginning of any new venture, it is a farce that issues with processing remain more than a year down the line. Some customers claim they've been waiting over 8 weeks for their licence. These delays are completely unacceptable. The backlogs are having a major impact on people who drive for a living or need their cars for work. People should not be expected to have to wait up to two months for a licence after they have applied and paid for it ", commented Deputy McGrath.
"The decision to remove the service from local authorities was made in order to improve processing times; however, the situation has actually gotten worse and is now reaching crisis levels. In response to a letter I wrote to the RSA, the organisation admitted the delays were substantial and says the NDLS is planning to introduce a number of new developments to their service.
"I would urge the NDLS to expedite these improvements. Plans for phone and postal applications need to be accelerated to ease the pressure on NDLS personnel as well as applicants. Ordinary people are being severely inconvenienced when applying for a driving licence.
"There have also been a number of complaints about the location of the Cork office, which is just off Copley Street, near Anglesea Street. Many people claim the office is near impossible to find with no proper signage in the area. The RSA says it has added more shop front branding on the building to make it more visible, and has taken out advertising to highlight the location.
"While I welcome these small developments, more needs to be done to ensure the service in Cork is improved. It's unreasonable to expect drivers to wait up to 8 weeks for their licence when they have provided all the documentation needed and paid for a service".
Driving licence delays in Cork added by TheCork.ie on 6th April, 2014


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Home/World/Barbados bids farewell to Queen Elizabeth II
Barbados bids farewell to Queen Elizabeth II
HELEN HERNANDEZNovember 28, 2021
Barbados is on the verge of severing ties with the British monarchy to become the world's youngest republic: its current representative, Governor General Sandra Mason, will replace Queen Elizabeth II as head of state this week. However, the legacy of a colonial past and the impact of the pandemic on tourism pose significant challenges for the Caribbean island, famous for its beaches and flair for cricket.
Ceremonies scheduled for Monday night will include military parades and celebrations for Mason's inauguration as president, with Prince Charles, heir to the British throne, in the audience.
The beginning of a new era has fueled the debate among the island of 285,000 inhabitants over centuries of British influence, which included more than 200 years of slavery until 1834, and the final independence of Barbados in 1966.
"When I was little, when I heard about the queen, I was very excited," said Sharon Bellamy-Thompson, a 50-year-old fishmonger in the capital Bridgetown. This woman remembers seeing the monarch on a visit when she was about eight years old.
"As I grew older, I began to wonder what this queen really means to me and my nation. It didn't make any sense, "he said. "Having a president from Barbados will be great."
For young activists like Firhaana Bulbulia, founder of the Barbados Muslim Association, British colonialism and slavery are responsible for the island's modern inequality.
"Economic inequality, the ability to own land and even access to bank loans have a lot to do with the structures built after British rule," says 26-year-old Bulbulia.
"The real chains (of slavery) were broken and we no longer carry them, but the mental chains continue to persist in our mentality."
"There is no point being independent and answering to the crown. So I really think being a republic is the way to go, "said Derry Bailey, owner of a beach chair rental business.
In October, Barbados elected Mason to become its first president, a year after Prime Minister Mia Mottley declared that the country would "totally" abandon its colonial past.
But some Barbadians argue that there are more pressing national problems, such as the economic crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, which has exposed the excessive dependence on tourism, which, ironically, has its biggest livelihood on British visitors.
Unemployment stands at almost 16%, up from 9% in recent years, despite the sharp increase in government loans to finance public sector projects and create jobs.
Opposition leader Bishop Joseph Atherley showed his rejection of the change of command: "A growing number of covid cases, a growing sense of stress and fear: I just don't think the time is right."
Other criticisms center on Mottley's summons to Prince Charles as the guest of honor and granting him the Barbados Order of Freedom, the highest national honor.
"The British royal family is a source of exploitation in this region and, so far, they have not offered a formal apology or any kind of reparation for the damages suffered," said Kristina Hinds, professor of international relations at the University of the West Indies. in Barbados. "I don't see how anyone in the family can receive this award." (AFP)
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SS Gothic foi um navio de carga construído em 1893 no estaleiro Harland and Wolff, em Belfast, para a White Star Line. Ele possuía 150 metros de comprimento e 53 de largura, pesando 7 755 toneladas de arqueação bruta. Durante grande parte de sua carreira, ele foi transferido diversas vezes entre a Red Star Line e White Star Line, ambas foram controladas pela Marinha mercante.

História
Ele viajou inicialmente na rota de Londres para a Nova Zelândia. Ghotic pegou fogo em 1906, e teve que ser mandado para reparos. Depois disso, ele foi convertido em um navio de imigrantes, sendo fretado pela Red Star Line como SS Gothland. No entanto isso não durou muito, em 1911 ele foi transferido novamente para a White Star Line, e o navio voltou a ser chamar Gothic. Dois anos depois, ele mais uma vez serviu a Red Star Line como Gothland, dessa vez ele fez rota entre Antuérpia e Nova Iorque. Em maio de 1921, voltou mais uma vez para a White Star Line, porém manteve o nome Gothland. Em 1924 a embarcação encalhou, após exame dos danos foi decidido que o navio já não era economicamente viável, sendo desmontado em 1925.

Navios da White Star Line
Navios construídos em Belfast
Navios construídos pela Harland and Wolff
Navios mercantes do Reino Unido
Navios de 1893


Once we are done grilling and partying from Memorial Day, Chicagoans have another reason to celebrate as the many rooftop lounges and bars begin to open their doors. A Summer in Chicago isn't complete if one doesn't find themselves hopping from the Gold Coast to the West Loop while languishing in the varying views of the Chicago Skyline. These impressive views are best enjoyed while sipping on expensive wines, delighting in crafty cocktails and nibbling on chef prepared bites.
When venturing out to explore these towering spaces, rooftop views allow one to truly enjoy the best of what Chicago has to offer. Throughout the Summer, lavish parties and cocktail affairs, occur left and right on many a rooftop throughout the city. Recently EPIC put on quite the celebration to officially open their doors of the Sky Lounge for the Summer.
Located in the convenient location of River North, lies EPIC restaurant. As one makes their way inside the chic space, there is a calm and collected ambiance. However, as one makes their way upstairs to the 3rd floor, the atmosphere goes from calm to lively.
As party goers enter the Sky Lounge for the kick-off celebration, they are greeted with lively mojitos. The crisp and refreshing summer drinks, best complimented the fruit skewers and savory bites that were served throughout the evening. The atmosphere was absolutely perfect for a Summer time day in Chicago.
Contrasting with the dark hues of the restaurant downstairs, lush vibrant greenery adorns the space. The atmosphere is incredibly chic, as the decor is minimal adding just the right amount of sophistication. However, this simplistic space features an eye-popping neon hued bar. The bright color not only livens the atmosphere, but it also makes it easier for guests to make their way to the delicious craft cocktails that the bartenders specialize in.
My friend and I arrived at the party quite early as we had our choice of any seat available. We chose to sit along the main wall with cabana style seating so we could get a great view of the party. I highly recommend snagging up one of these seats if you can. It was incredibly cozy in our booth, so it made it quite easy to just sit back and relax while the party commenced. There were times we forgot where we were, as we got so comfortable eating and drinking the night away.
From the cocktails, hors d'oeuvres, and great conversation I think it's safe to say the party was an absolute success. If you find yourself in River North, be sure to make your way to EPIC Sky Lounge.


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Artists to Watch | July 2019
By: Eva and SophieFri, 07/12/2019
Tags: Artists2Watch
From viral sensations to promising up-and-comers, 2019 is producing an incredible crop of new artists that remind us why we listen to music at all. Here are some of our favorites so far.
⏯?
The Malaysian pop/R&B singer has been singing since she was seven years old and first started sharing her music via MySpace. After signing with Fader Label and moving to Los Angeles, she was mentored by and worked alongside Pharell. Her album, Rouge, features Tyler, The Creator, and G-Eazy.
On repeat: "Forevermore"
The Spanish-born, UK-based R&B singer was recently nominated for Best British Breakthrough Act alongside Ella Mai and Jorja Smith. Her breakout single, "Don't Call Me Up," peaked at no.3 on the Billboard Top 40 Pop Chart. As the daughter of Neneh Cherry and Massive Attack producer Cameron McVey, she grew up surrounded by musicians which nudged her to follow suit. Her debut album, High Expectations, comes out this month.
On repeat: "Don't Call Me Up"
Named after the Egyptian god (Osiris), this up-and-coming rapper from Jacksonville, Florida first went viral with his song "I'm Next (Freestyle)" which has over four million streams to date. He recently signed a deal with Def Jam with co-signs from Drake and Meek Mill, despite only having made music for a year. He was chosen as an artist on the XXL 2019 Freshman Class, and his debut album Love Hate is set to release in the next year.
On repeat: "Worth It"
Born in Illinois and now based in Los Angeles, the 18-year-old singer-songwriter first gained a following through Instagram, where he would share covers and original songs. Through his social media following, he briefly worked with marketing agency Team 10 before focusing exclusively on music. His most recent single, "All My Friends" reached the Top 40 chart and his debut full-length album is set to release soon.
On repeat: "All My Friends"
Anna Clendening
Despite struggling with anxiety and depression, the singer-songwriter performed an acoustic rendition of "Hallelujah" on America's Got Talent in 2014 and received widespread praise. Through social media and viral videos, she has amassed an online following of two million fans. Her latest EP, titled waves, was released in February and touches upon her real-life struggles.
On repeat: "Anxiety"
Calboy
The 19-year-old Chicago rapper taught himself to record and mix his own music in middle school via YouTube tutorials. He formed an independent imprint with his mother called Paper Gang Inc. through which he uploaded his music. Two years later, he caught the attention of Polo Grounds Music and signed a deal in October. His hit song, "Envy Me," reached the Billboard Hot 100 and he recently dropped his debut mixtape, Wildboy, featuring rappers like Meek Mill, Young Thug, and Moneybagg Yo.
On repeat: "Caroline"
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College of Business hatches entrepreneur
Cleveland Sight Center testing AudiblEye
By Amy West
Jerrod Witt was destined to become an entrepreneur. "Jerrod was the little kid who got into everything!" exclaimed his mother. "He was always taking things apart and putting them back together in an unusual way but with a purpose. I knew from the time Jerrod was very young that he was going to become an entrepreneur," she added.
Witt graduated in May from the College of Business with a specialization in marketing and a minor in entrepreneurship. He attributes reaching his entrepreneurial destiny to the College of Business.
"I never dreamed I would accomplish the things I have, and I owe my success to the College of Business. I mean that with all my heart," admitted Witt.
In high school, Witt wasn't overly involved in extracurricular activities. He assumed he would earn his degree at BGSU, secure a job, and move on with his life. However, the College of Business takes their mantra of "Going Beyond Business As Usual" seriously.
"After meeting so many successful people through the networking events offered by the College, I knew I needed to find something I was passionate about and something I could devote myself to," said Witt.
"I took 'Intro to Entrepreneurship' with Dr. Gene Poor and found my calling. I knew being an entrepreneur was a character trait already rooted inside me, but Dr. Poor drew that out and helped me realize that entrepreneurship was what I was meant to do," stated Witt.
"Dr. Poor was very inspirational and one of his comments stuck with me. He said, 'surround yourself with individuals that have the same goals as you. If you want to be rich, run with rich people; if you want to be famous, run with famous people; if you want to be an entrepreneur, run with entrepreneurs,'" said Witt.
Poor's advice was the push Witt needed to come out of his shell and ask for help in executing his business idea, AudiblEye, which is a mobile application designed to assist the blind and visually impaired by using beacons to provide the user with a verbal description of their location.
"It's really, a win-win-win. The students win by receiving a unique educational experience. The University wins because they are developing the students and providing experiential learning. And, the local community wins because, ultimately, some of these businesses are going to start and thrive here.""My goal is to have AudiblEye installed globally to help the millions of individuals that are blind and visually impaired. I would like for this to be required by law and for AudiblEye to be used in every public and private building in the United States," stated Witt.
Witt reached out to Kirk Kern, director of the Dallas-Hamilton Center for Entrepreneurial Leadership and shared his idea for AudiblEye. Kern advised Witt to take his idea and apply to The Hatch, a unique program sponsored by the Center and the College of Business.
The Hatch has transformed the entrepreneurial curriculum in the College of Business and has been touted as a best in class practice by the accreditation team reviewing the College. With a format similar to the popular television show Shark Tank, student entrepreneurs present their business ideas to a group of alumni investors vying for funds to launch their business.
What sets The Hatch apart from similar events at other universities is that the alumni investors make equity investments providing real money for students to launch real businesses. To date, investors have committed more than $450,000 to student startups.
During a 10-week program, the students work with Kirk Kern as well as an alumni mentor to develop their business plan and work on their pitch for the event.
Former mentor Bob Venzel states, "It's really, a win-win-win. The students win by receiving a unique educational experience. The University wins because they are developing the students and providing experiential learning. And, the local community wins because, ultimately, some of these businesses are going to start and thrive here."
Witt, an avid Shark Tank fan, knew he wanted in. He applied and was accepted into the program during the fall of 2013; and throughout the ten-week program, he worked with his mentor and fine-tuned his business idea.
Alumnus Paul Hooker was paired as Witt's mentor. In 1977, two years after graduating from BGSU, Hooker purchased the New York City based luxury household linen company SFERRA and grew annual sales from $250,000 to more than $30 million. He established SFERRA's leadership position in the luxury linens industry and galvanized the company's emergence into the new global economy. Hooker was thrilled with the opportunity to take his business success and pay it forward by helping a young entrepreneur reach his goals.
"The Hatch has been the most rewarding experience of my life and the lessons I learned are lessons that will help me throughout my career,"Be a sponge, absorb all of the information someone tells you, even if you think they are crazy. I always tell my employees, if you have a reason for believing whatever it is that you are telling me, I will listen. You don't have to act upon everything someone tells you, but at least acknowledge it, who knows maybe one day it will come back to you and be helpful," advised Hooker.
"I knew from our very first phone call that Paul would be able to provide me with knowledge of the business world and help me through the process," stated Witt.
"He is one of the most amazing individuals I have ever met. He responded to my emails at all hours of the day and night, he provided me with encouragement, and he was honest with me. Paul helped me both professionally and personally, and I think of him as a father figure." continued Witt.
Witt was funded at The Hatch and received $10,000 for 10% of his company, AudiblEye LLC. He received investments from 5 investors, each acquiring 2% of his company at a $2,000 per investment. The investment was designed as a loan but with the opportunity to convert the investment to equity ownership after the proof of concept phase, which involves testing the mobile application to determine the viability of the company.
"The Hatch has been the most rewarding experience of my life and the lessons I learned are lessons that will help me throughout my career," said Witt. There were also challenges during the process," he admitted.
It was difficult adjusting from being a normal college student to an entrepreneur who still had to attend class and hold down two jobs to help fund his education. Witt woke up daily with an enormous to do list but felt accomplishment at the end of each day.
And, his hard work is paying off, Witt is currently testing his product in the Cleveland Sight Center and the College of Business Administration to determine the next step in taking his business global.
"The most rewarding part of the Hatch was coming out of my comfort zone and realizing my full potential. I realized that I was my own biggest obstacle because I didn't have faith in myself and feared failure," admitted Witt, "because of the opportunities that I have been given through the College of Business, I have gained confidence and am ready to embrace my future."
There are many unique aspects to The Hatch program and the benefits are exponential. The program positively impacts every constituent group.
"We are changing the culture of the College by introducing innovative and real-world experience into the curriculum"Alumni are brought in to mentor students, invest in their businesses, and attend the event. High school students attend the event as a recruiting opportunity, local businesses sponsor the event, and the local community supports the program hoping that businesses will be funded and stimulate the local economy. The program provides educational benefits that cannot be taught in the classroom. Entrepreneurship transcends all career paths and this program is offered to all BGSU students.
In addition to The Hatch program, the College of Business offers programs designed to teach skills not typically learned in the classroom but essential to success in the business world.
"I learned how to golf, order wine during business dinners, use proper dining etiquette, and to network which gave me an advantage as I worked with business executives, attorneys, and other professionals during the development of my business," commented Witt.
"We are changing the culture of the College by introducing innovative and real-world experience into the curriculum," stated Ray Braun, dean of the College of Business. "In fact, The Hatch program is gaining international recognition and putting the BGSU College of Business on the map," he added.
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Welsh Assembly vote to make sprinklers compulsory in all new homes in Wales
Welsh Assembly members voted on Wednesday to make the installation of sprinklers compulsory in all new homes in Wales. The move was championed by Labour assembly member Ann Jones and as well as getting cross-party support from the Welsh government and Westminster.
"This legislative competency order (LCO) paves the way for a truly groundbreaking measure that will make new homes in Wales safer for generations to come. As they have explored the issue, politicians in Wales and Westminster have seen the overwhelming moral and technical case for sprinkler systems which really do save lives!"
It will make Wales the first part of the UK to demand active residential fire protection in all new homes. Currently, under Part B of the Building Regulations, sprinklers are normally only mandatory in residential buildings more than 30m tall in England and Wales. Interestingly in the US, it has been mandatory to have sprinklers installed in all new one and two family dwellings since 2005.
The upside for developers is that it could mean a lot more freedom for design, the adoption of active fire protection could presents the opportunity for more open-plan designs, loft conversions and flexible layouts whilst still conform to building regulations.
A detailed BRE report published in 2006 that involved extensive testing demonstrated that sprinklers are not necessarily the best solution for most housing due to their high cost of installation and water damage incurred when triggered. NERA Economic Consulting, which carried out the study, looked at the lifecycle cost of a number of scenarios against a control and found the benefits of installing sprinklers in all new housing in terms of reduced fatalities, injuries and property loss, fell short of the additional costs. Therefore it did not support the mandatory installation of sprinklers in all housing or social housing in the Thames Gateway.
Mist systems -This is a type of sprinkler system that issues water as a mist and suffocates a fire by removing heat and displacing oxygen from the fire zone. Some of the advantages of water mist when compared to traditional sprinklers systems are: they use less water; and produce less consequential water damage.
Automist is an example of a low cost system designed to retrofit able. It can be ran off a mains connection and is easy to install and maintain. The only real disadvantage is there is no British standard and manufacturers must display competency by independent testing. Approved Document B allows Building Control officers to authorise alternative fire protection solutions that don't fit established categories, as long as these products have been tested and shown to be fit for purpose.
Fire Safety 22 February 2011 at 12:44
Ann Jones, assembly member for the Vale of Clwyd who introduced the measure, told BBC News:
"After three years of campaigning and scrutiny we have seen a compelling moral and technical case for this life-saving device which has been working for decades in, amongst other places, cities in the USA and Canada."
"With sprinklers fitted, new homes in Wales will be amongst the safest in the world and that will go for new care homes and university accommodation too."
"Over 100 people have died in house fires in Wales since 2004 and we now know that sprinklers could have saved many of these lives."
The measure will go before the Privy Council on 7 April for formal approval.
Derbyshire Fire chief calls on UK government to in...
Welsh Assembly vote to make sprinklers compulsory ...
Practise your own home fire safety drill


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Róisín Murphy's Time is Now
Dean Van Nguyen
Dean Van Nguyen is a cultural critic and music journalist for The Irish Times, The Guardian, Pitchfork, Bandcamp Daily and Wax Poetics, among others. As well as pop culture, he writes about identity, youth, race relations and Dublin.
Photo by Adrian Samson.
Released in October, Róisín Machine is another firestorm album to add to Róisín Murphy's impressive pile. The singer has been making great music for so long it would be easy to take her for granted. Murphy certainly believes that to be the case. Two-and-a-half years ago, during a run of singles not receiving all due attention, she took to Twitter to robustly criticise the business.
"I'm crying a lot, tiredness. I feel like I'm banging my head against the wall. I make good and surprising records, I kill myself to make visual, in which I prove it's about ideas and soul because god forbid anyone should give me a budget. But I get indifference in the industry," read one of the tweets.
Murphy's frustration felt like the final mutation of an idea that became embedded in her mind a few years earlier. "I didn't become a pop star and nobody knows exactly why," she said in 2015.
Here's my theory. The time frame for solo artists emerging from groups to become pop stars is usually short. Murphy's first shot after the dissolution of dance-pop duo Moloko in 2004 was also her best shot. Bravely, she chose not to simply rehash elements of the Moloko formula or jump on a fashionable trend, which, 15 years ago, might have sounded like the Sugababes or Black Eyed Peas.
Instead, Murphy made the baroque, art-dance album Ruby Blue. It's a brilliant record and was received rapturously by critics, setting the tone for a career that has been full of kind words but short on crossover appeal. And if Murphy did covet mainstream traction, there was also the barrier of being almost 32 years old when the album dropped in 2005. The music industry is rarely in the mood to make a singer – particularly a woman – a star when they are twice the age of what it usually banks on.
Let's go back to the beginning. Murphy hails from Arklow, County Wicklow, but was upended to Manchester by her parents at age 12. When her family returned four years later, Róisín opted to stay put, a decision that perhaps was an early signifier of the singular nature that would define her musical career.
At age 19, Murphy moved to Sheffield, where she linked up with producer Mark Brydon and formed Moloko. Everyone knows the singles "Time is Now" and "Sing it Back" and let me tell you, they've aged better than you think they have.
Away from the hits, the group made consistently daring music. I'm particularly fond of "Fun For Me", a classic trip-hop number that sees Murphy floss a half-rapped, half-spoken word swagger that includes the lyric, "I dreamt that the bogeyman went down on Mr. Spock."
The group wound down in 2014 after a decade and four LPs, clearing a path for Ruby Blue. Murphy insisted at the time that though the album was released under her name, it was very much a collaborative process with Matthew Herbert, a producer who had been keen to work with her for years.
Full of brass and woodwind instruments, unobvious rhythms, and angelic vocals, the album is a Busch Wusch Ball of pulsating colours and strange patterns. Outkast's Speakerboxxx/The Love Below has been cited as an influence.
There's "Sinking Feeling", a big band jazz number scaled down to a minimalist arrangement that could still soundtrack an elephant march. "If We're in Love" is a convincing promotion of physical intimacy that features a knock-out chorus over Herbert's feather-light but vivacious orchestration.
Sophomore album Overpowered followed two years later on mammoth label EMI and, facilitated by a bigger budget, featured more dancefloor-friendly, pop-focused tunes. The catchy disco number "Let Me Know" remains Murphy's only solo single to crack the UK Top 40, peaking at number 28.
Did pop stardom ever really beckon? It's hard not to look at what Lady Gaga did shortly after Murphy's solo career began and not deduce that there was an opening for a forward-thinking dance music star. Alison Goldfrapp might be among those who feels the same way.
Murphy's release schedule became more infrequent. An eight-year gap between albums was broken by Hairless Toys (2015) and Take Her Up To Monto (2016), records that saw her stretch her creative muscles. There's the dusty western music vibes of "Exile" and the light bossanova of "Lip Service". Blooming with a vibrant flame scarlet colour pallet, "Exploitation" is one of Murphy's greatest late night club tracks.
In a way, Róisín Machine finally brings her around to the kind of record that might have launched her star in the mid-2000s. It's full of muscular dance music built on irresistible grooves, driving synthetic rhythms, massive hooks and the spirit of Anita Ward. The sentiment, though, is of mid-career revitalisation. "I feel my story's still untold/But I'll make my own happy ending" are repeated at different points throughout. The message is clear: Murphy isn't done yet.
So you get songs like the snappy funk number "Incapable", and "Narcissus", which features the kind of dynamic strings barely heard this side of "Theme from Shaft". On "We Got Together," the jittery synth riff that powers the song like a flux capacitor sounds like it could have been taken from a Sega MegaDrive cartridge.
The title of "Murphy's Law" suggests a signature hit and that's exactly what this immense disco floor-filler is. On its surface, the song is about moving on from a break up – a kind of inverted message of "Nothing Compares 2 U", or if you want to keep things disco, an update on "I Will Survive".
Alternatively, the lyrics could be interpreted as referencing the career frustrations that Murphy has previously voiced – and how she's not going to be weighed down by them any longer: "What have I got to lose?/I'm so tired of complaining/Pretty soon I'll be breaking loose/And the scenery be changing." Her voice is more forceful than ever as she masters its lowest reaches.
Performing "Murphy's Law" on The Graham Norton Show in the autumn, Murphy stood perched in front of her band and the biggest disco ball I've ever seen. She looked a full-on queen of the genre – if not a pop star then a form that's just as interesting. And if Murphy is not content with that, at least those feelings are fueling a fire within that's still powering great music.
"Lovely, good for them," she told NME when asked about Jessie Ware and Dua Lipa being part of a recent disco revival. "But I'm back to snatch their wigs!"
Dean Van Nguyen: Dean Van Nguyen is a cultural critic and music journalist for The Irish Times, The Guardian, Pitchfork, Bandcamp Daily and Wax Poetics, among others. As well as pop culture, he writes about identity, youth, race relations and Dublin.
The Dead Zoo is Getting a Long-Awaited Refurbishment
Number of Council Inspections of Rental Homes Has Plummeted This Year
Dublin's Horse-Drawn Carriages, in Photos
A Proposed Bill Would Oblige Councils to Do More to Prevent Homelessness


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Dax Harwood Calls Bret Hart "One Of The Greatest Human Beings"
AEW star Dax Harwood has talked in glowing terms about WWE Hall of Famer Bret Hart and says he is thankful for what Hart has done for him.
Dax Harwood's love and admiration for Bret Hart is no secret and The Hitman has even accompanied Harwood and his FTR partner Cash Wheeler to the ring on a few independent shows.
Speaking to Fightful's Sean Ross Sapp, Dax Harwood drills into how much he admires and respects Hart and also adds that he doesn't mind if other wrestling legends aren't a huge fan of him in the ring:
"I'll say this. Bret, he's passionate and he has a reason to feel the way he feels. He is Bret Hart and he has given so much to this business. He has earned every bit of it and he's allowed to have whatever opinion he has. There are people that don't like my work and don't like working with me and that's okay because that's their opinion."
"I've said it before if someone like Booker T went on his podcast and said, 'I'm not a fan of Dax Harwood,' that's okay because that's not me personally. If he said, 'Dax Harwood is a sh*tty person and a sh*tty father,' then we got a problem."
"But you have the right to your opinion and how you feel about my character and my work. If you think my work is not good, that's okay. I don't mind that."
"But Bret, I talked to him yesterday, overall he is a very positive person. He is one of the greatest human beings I've ever met before. I get a lot of flack online when I talk about him, but at one time it was the fan in me, but now it's the human being in me, how much I love him and respect him, how much he's done for me, dude."
Mercedes Mone Pictured With WWE & AEW Stars At Wrestle Kingdom
Update On WWE Plans For Toxic Attraction On Main Roster
WWE Hall Of Famer Says Kenny Omega Is "One Of The Best"


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Michele Thwaits
CEO/Founder Bestselling Author
Microsoft Certified Trainer & Engaging Speaker
The Red Cape Company Trainer to Bill Gates' Team
Michele is a sought after presenter, facilitator and mentor. Since 2006 she has had the privilege of working with audi–ences through training and speaking engagements all over South Africa, Africa and worldwide i.e. Johannesburg, Cape Town, Port Elizabeth, Durban, Kenya, Mauritius, Gabon, Kua–la Lumpur and Karachi, Pakistan.
She received her certification as a Life Coach and completed training as an NLP Practitioner in 2010 and received her cer–tification as Facilitator, NQF Level 5.
Michele is a member of PAFSA, was a finalist in the Office Professional of South Africa competition in 2006/2007, re–cipient of the PA Summit Chrystal Award in 2011 and finalist in the PA of the Year 2013, member of the IYOTSA 2014 task team, member of Academy of Excellence and served as President of PAFSA 2015/2016.
She has published many articles in the A-Z of PAs and Of–fice Managers magazine, Career Success, InTouch newsletter (PAFSA), Executive Secretary Magazine (UK), NAHPA (UK) and African PA Magazine (Kenya) and has been profiled by Exceptional EA (Vancouver).
Events with Michele


European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker called on Turkey to release immediately the two Greek servicemen it has detained, in statements at a joint press conference with European Council President Donald Tusk and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, following the EU-Turkey Leaders' Meeting in Varna late on Monday.
Juncker said that Turkey must make an effort to resolve the issue of the two border patrol officers, who were detained for crossing into Turkish territory earlier this month. He expressed the EU's confidence that the issue would be resolved, if possible before the Greek Orthodox Easter. "We trust that the Turkish authorities will resolve this issue in a just way, and I hope this issue will be resolved before the Orthodox Easter this year," Juncker said.
Juncker also said that if Turkey wishes to progress on its EU accession, it needs to improve its relations with members states within the EU, in particular with Greece and Cyprus. The Commission president stressed that he "was never in favor of stopping negotiations with Turkey" and underlined he supports the country's efforts to join the EU.


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Stephan A. Grupp, MD, PhD and Helen E. Heslop, MD, DSc presented "Utilizing CAR T Cells for Hematologic Malignancies in the Transplant Setting" at the 2017 BMT Tandem Meetings on Friday, February 24, 2017.
Stephan A. Grupp, MD, PhD – Program Chair
Director of the Cancer Immunotherapy Program
Director of Translational Research for the Center for Childhood Cancer Research
Medical Director of the Stem Cell Laboratory
The Children's Hospital Philadelphia (CHOP)
Stephan A. Grupp, MD, PhD, is Director of the Cancer Immunotherapy Program, Director of Translational Research for the Center for Childhood Cancer Research at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) and Medical Director of the Stem Cell Laboratory.
Working with colleagues at the University of Pennsylvania, they have recently opened a phase I clinical trial called CART19 (CTL019), using genetically modified T cells to treat patients with B cell cancers such as ALL, B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), the adult disease chronic lymphocytic leukemia and other B cell malignancies. Initial results show that this could be an effective therapy for patients with B cell cancers. This has received international attention, and some of this work has been published recently in Science Translational Medicine and twice in the New England Journal of Medicine.
Dr. Grupp works with patients with the most aggressive form of neuroblastoma. He and his team were part of the group that did the nationwide clinical trial establishing antibody-based immunotherapy as the new standard of care in neuroblastoma.
In the Stem Cell Laboratory, he manages cell processing, both collecting the original cells and engineering the cells to the right cell type. Working with a group of four institutions, he and his team pioneered the tandem transplant treatment — two sequential courses of high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell transplant given six weeks apart. This clinical trial was open for about 10 years and achieved three-year survival rates of almost 60 percent, three times the survival rate before stem cell transplants, and still the best phase 2 treatment result in the world literature. This tandem transplant approach has also now been tested in a nationwide phase 3 trial, which was also successful and has established tandem transplantation as the U.S. standard of care.
Dr. Grupp has developed a new class of drugs for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL, the most common childhood cancer), based on a target in the ALL cell called mTOR, and have taken this treatment to another nationwide phase 3 randomized trial. Dr. Grupp trained at Harvard, at Boston Children's and the Dana Farber Cancer Institute, and came to CHOP in 1996.
[su_divider] Helen E. Heslop, MD, DSc (Hon)
Professor, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics
Dan L. Duncan Chair, Baylor College of Medicine
Interim Director, Center for Cell and Gene Therapy
Associate Director Clinical Research
Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine
Director, Adult Stem Cell Transplant Program
Helen E. Heslop, MD, DSc, is Dan L. Duncan Chair, Baylor College of Medicine; Interim Director, Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine; Director, Adult Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplant Program, Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston Methodist, and Texas Children's Hospital; Associate Director for Clinical Research, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine; and Professor, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, and Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine.
Her research interests are in adoptive immunotherapy for malignancy and viral infections. Dr. Heslop oversees several peer-reviewed clinical research projects, including: an NCI-funded program project grant (Enhancing T-Cell Therapy of Cancer); a SPORE grant in Lymphoma; and a Leukemia and Lymphoma Society Specialized Center of Research (SCOR) award. Her clinical interests are immunotherapy of malignancies with antigen specific T cells, and immunotherapy with antigen specific T cells to prevent and treat viral infections post transplant.
Dr. Heslop is a Doris Duke Distinguished Clinical Scientist and has extensive experience in mentoring both clinical and laboratory trainees. She is also the principal investigator on an NHLBI-funded training grant in Cell and Gene Therapy. She has extensive experience with clinical cell therapy studies, and serves with Dr. Malcolm Brenner and Bambi Grilley as sponsor for over 20 active cell and gene therapy therapy INDs.
Dr. Heslop has served as past president of the ASBMT. She received her MD from University of Otago, New Zealand.
[su_divider]


I grew up listening to Christmas music. Not just any old Christmas music, but the classics.
Bing Crosby, Andy Williams, and so forth.
So when it comes to finding 'new' Christmas albums that I actually like, I can be a bit picky. I don't like over the top or someone that wants to change the classics. Christmas music should be fun and packed with memories.
I recently received an invitation from One 2 One Network to review Idina Menzel's new Holiday Wishes album. I was a little leery at first.. again.. I'm picky and I don't want my Christmas music ruined.
Idina Menzel's Holiday Wishes was quite a surprise for me. Packed with lots of my favorite Christmas tunes, Idina puts her Broadway touch on each one. From beautiful ballads like Do You Hear What I Hear to fun classics like Holly Jolly Christmas, Holiday Wishes will definitely be on my playlist this Christmas season.
My favorite song on the album is Idina Menzel's duet, Baby It's Cold Outside, with Michael Buble! I have loved this song for years but have only liked one version.. until now. Idina and Michael did such a great job!
Holiday Wishes is a great collection of Christmas music that will have you wrapping presents,baking Christmas cookies, and singing along in no time.
Holiday Wishes, a Christmas album recorded by Tony Award-winning singer/actor Idina Menzel, is out now on Warner Bros. Records.
The album was produced by Grammy Award-winner Walter Afanasieff (Barbra Streisand, Celine Dion, Mariah Carey) and features such classic favorites as "All I Want For Christmas Is You" and "Have Yourself A Merry Little Christmas," as well as Joni Mitchell's Christmas-themed "River," one of Menzel's favorites.
Another highlight is a duet with international superstar Michael Bublé on "Baby It's Cold Outside." An exclusive Target edition ofHoliday Wishes features two bonus tracks, including "Let It Snow! Let It Snow! Let It Snow!".
Idina's career has traversed stage, film, television, and music. She was most recently heard as Elsa in Disney's global box-office smash Frozen, in which she sings the film's Oscar-winning song "Let It Go." After her performance of the multi-platinum song at the 86th annual Academy Awards, she made history as the first person with both a Billboard Top 10 hit and a Tony Award for acting.
Idina currently stars as Elizabeth in the original Broadway production of If/Then.


You also will have the option of adding photos of your property. It's a much easier option compared to newspapers and you also have complete control on the quality of the photos. It's really helpful when you are plan on attracting buyers from outside your area who will potentially need a lot of explanation.
There is no other better, easier and safer way when selling or buying your home online because there are tons of offers in the real estate market. It is likewise developing very fast and gains more customer each day which helps to improve your chances to getting a profitable purchase or sell.


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Q: Difficulties with ThemeInfo in WPF? I am stuck with ThemeInfo attributes inside my AssemblyInfo.cs file. I am trying to write a custom control. The custom control is in a dll called "MyCustomControls.dll". Futhermore the control itself derives from another custom control which is inside another dll called "MyAnotherCustomControls.dll".
I read on MSDN that ThemeInfo must be declared with 2 parameters responsible for control theme specific location and generic specific location, though I have no idea what is "theme" and what "generic". How can I understand those two better?
If somebody could explain me an example from scratch what is "generic" and what "theme". Futhermore when to use "generic" or "theme". How are those two used by WPF system at all? I really need an explaination in plain english so please save your time if you are about to post me an MSDN link. I read msdn documentation about ThemeInfo and I dont get it.
Also can somebody please tell me how to just by using ThemeInfo tell my "MyCustomControls.dll" to use dictionary resources defined in "MyAnotherCustomControls.dll"? Is that even possible to do just by ThemeInfo or do I have to deal with MergedDirectories in "MyCustomControls.dll"? I would like the WPF system take care of locating resources so that I can use style keys from "MyAnotherCustomControls.dll"without the need to add merged directory in "MyCustomControls.dll".

A:
I read on MSDN that ThemeInfo must be declared with 2 parameters responsible for control theme specific location and generic specific location, though I have no idea what is "theme" and what "generic". How can I understand those two better?

Basically the WPF framework will look for a xaml resource whose name matches the OS theme name. So if you're running on XP with the blue theme that will be "luna.normal.xaml". If it does not find one with that exact name, it will look for the "generic.xaml". In actuality I think they look for the "classic.xaml" first if they don't find one that matches the OS specific one and then they look for generic.xaml. You can think of the generic.xaml as the default resources.
The ThemeInfo attribute simply tells WPF where those resources are defined. There are 3 options:

*

*None - You aren't providing either the "theme" or "generic" resources. This is really an optimization so the WPF framework doesn't bother looking for them. You wouldn't typically use this for the GenericDictionaryLocation but you might use this for the ThemeDictionaryLocation in case you weren't going to define OS theme specific resources (i.e. you didn't want your control to look different under different OS themes). Typically control vendors will define a resource dictionary for each possible OS theme so that the controls look consistent with the other controls and windows running in that operating system.

*ExternalAssembly - This means that you are defining a separate assembly for the resources. So if you look at the WPF framework you will see that they use this for the PresentationFramework assembly for the ThemeDictionaryLocation. Then they defined a separate assembly for each OS theme they want to support (e.g. PresentationFramework.Aero.dll, PresentationFramework.Luna.dll, etc.). The name of the assembly it will search for is the name of the defining assembly plus the name of the theme.

*SourceAssembly - This means that the resources are defined within the assembly itself. So in that assembly you would have a "themes" folder which contains the resource dictionaries.

This article on MSDN about control authoring really isn't that bad about providing information about this.

Also can somebody please tell me how to just by using ThemeInfo tell my "MyCustomControls.dll" to use dictionary resources defined in "MyAnotherCustomControls.dll"? Is that even possible to do just by ThemeInfo or do I have to deal with MergedDirectories in "MyCustomControls.dll"? I would like the WPF system take care of locating resources so that I can use style keys from "MyAnotherCustomControls.dll"without the need to add merged directory in "MyCustomControls.dll".

You can't use ThemeInfo to tell WPF that it should look for your resources in some arbitrary assembly. That being said if you don't set or override the DefaultStyleKey, as is typically done when defining a custom control, then it should continue to use the resources for the base class that did have its DefaultStyleKey set/overridden for the default resources.
It should be noted however that local Style resolution (i.e. when the Style property of your control is not set and WPF looks from the place at which the element is sited and walks up the visual/logical tree looking for a Style that might implicitly affect that element) will always look for Style whose Key matches the exact type of the class. So if have a Style whose TargetType (and therefore the default Key when that is placed in a ResourceDictionary) is TextBox defined in the Resources of your Window, it will affect all TextBox instances within that Window (unless they have a Style closer in the visual tree - i.e. defined in the resources of an element between itself some ancestor - or its Style property is set). However, if you have a class that derives from TextBox (e.g class MyTextBox : TextBox) then it will not pick up/use that Style. Instead it will be looking for a Style whose TargetType/Key is typeof(MyTextBox). One way to hack around that would be to set the Style property to a DynamicResource to the base type. e.g.
public MyTextBox()
{
  this.SetResourceReference(StyleProperty, typeof(TextBox));
}

Basically this sets a local value on the control's Style property that is doing a dynamic resource lookup for a Style whose Key (and therefore TargetType for Styles where the x:Key is not set) is the specified type (TextBox in this case).
As you noted the alternative is to define the xaml files locally in your assembly for each theme that the base class' assembly defines and then add a ResourceDictionary to its MergedDictionaries that uses the pack uri notation to reference the resources in the base class's assembly. If you are setting the DefaultStyleKey then you will likely need to define a Style whose TargetType is your class' type in each of those ResourceDictionaries and then set the BasedOn to a StaticResource where the resource key is the type of the base class. It sounds though like you shouldn't need to do this.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


5. Katarsis Lab is a new Danish label for Electronic music, in the downbeat - ambient spectre. Labelhead Michal Sommer has been working at Iboga Records for some years until he decided to work on his own project. Katarsis Lab can now finally and proudly present its first release, which is by the already well-known artist gAnesthesiah Aka Giuseppe de Bellis. gState of Mindh is AnesthesiaLs Third album release. Giuseppe has been writing music since 1991 and has a long list of releases behind him on prominent labels like Blue Room, TIPLs 10 Kilo, Cosmic Communication, Society and Iboga Records. Most notably was the gPVCh album, released on Blue Room in 1998. Giuseppe has also released as gLiquid Zh on Bubble sound Records and Hypnotic / Cleopatra Records. Many will also recognize Giuseppes project gUndergramh, which got released on 10 Kilo as well as two albums on Society Records.
Yeah, finally its coming out, it has been in the pipeline for ages. Theres some mighty fine tracks present on the album.


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impactmania > Art & Culture > DUS Architects: Hans Vermeulen is Building Your 3D-Print Canal House
DUS Architects: Hans Vermeulen is Building Your 3D-Print Canal House
BY PAKSY PLAKIS-CHENG
DUS Architects was founded by Hans Vermeulen, Martine de Wit, and Hedwig Heinsman. DUS won the prestigious Amsterdam Awards for the Arts 2011. In addition to their artistic and internationally oriented work, DUS was praised for being socially committed.
Have you anticipated the feeling of living in a plastic house?
[Laughs.] Good morning!
Well, that's how you wake up. You wake up in a plastic house! In a plastic bed and plastic kitchen.
We are not saying that everyone should live in a plastic house. We are also testing new combinations of wood fiber, and with foam concrete filler. We print what we can test. One of DUS Architects' first rules is learning by doing, or research by doing.
You do a lot of temporary projects. What is the goal of these short-term projects?
Fun. That's a very important one. Especially in Holland, architecture is quite a long process, often a struggle. With a temporary project, we cut short the regulation process. For example, the Bucky Bar [a dome bar made entirely out of red umbrellas that caused a spontaneous street party with 300 people in the cold winter]. The project taught us not only to go into the online world. The offline world becomes an important place in its most essential meaning, maybe even more important. It is often that we don't know what we will learn.
You've completed a 150-unit housing project in Nieuwegein, the Netherlands. Give me an example of a built environment element that increases social cohesion.
It's more how you organize the social structure or the community living within those physical borders. What we learned was that the residents, once they became organized as a group, entered the power structure of how we make cities. The residents' representatives negotiated with the municipality and architect to discuss how they wanted to live.
For example, elderly people now share a guest room. Younger residents share a bigger kitchen or living room. Parent with kids: They share the gardens. Residents also share a workshop space and movie theater.
There are all kinds of mechanisms being constructed within the online social networks, which can be applied in the physical world. The sharing principle and the way you organize yourself —those are the most powerful tools for instigating social interaction within your neighborhood.
Have you seen anything you'd consider an exemplary housing model in the world?
This concept of a wider range of how you can live together in the 21st century is quite an interesting model. We did analog customizing as architects, with the client, the corporation, and the community. Online, you can create customization tools. As an architect, you can offer people designs and then customize or contextualize because it's biometric rule-based design.
What is your general view on housing besides customization of residents' requirements?
There is still a very large group of people in the world who cannot afford a humane way of living. I think that's one of the main challenges we have as a global society. As an architect, I'd like to come up with global solutions.
Would the 3D Print House be one of them?
Hans Vermeulen in the Kamer Maker, the 3D printer used for building the 3D Print Canal House. Photo by Annelies Verhelst.
This could be one of them. It also democratizes production. What you see here in Holland—but everywhere in the world—there are only a few entities that have access to housing production. The Internet opens up information. If you have people having access to production via printers, fax labs, or networks printers, then you have a totally different power structure of generating a city.
Let's talk a little about the OPEN COOP.
We started with six partners, and there's now a group of 18 companies. The power of a coop is that people could organize to be stronger as a market player. At the same time, they can work together with the bigger companies to upscale ideas into the world. One of the spinoffs of OPEN COOP is Amsterdam Electricity.
Apart from electricity, is OPEN COOP going to fulfill more day-to-day needs?
A water concept is part of OPEN COOP. There is a biological food company. We are looking into the possibilities of starting a house coop. We are trying to learn how a new housing project operates in a not transparent and difficult housing market.
For the 3D Print Canal House, how does a global leader in adhesives ends up working with one of the biggest Dutch contractors, nonprofits, and the government?
The creative industry has power in complex processes. We can connect market innovations to the larger public and show the potential of what's already being invented within companies. This is a visionary project that doesn't harm companies, so we generate a platform for them to actually start testing in the open.
Where does the desire to build come from?
I think I want to reorganize our environment, and connecting and repurposing an object, for me, is also building. The power of design is that it is a communication tool.
Architect Hans Vermeulen in the 3D Printer. Photo by Annelies Verhelst.
When you make this [3D] printer, and you have this idea of using waste, then it's an easy step to say let's go to, for example, Mumbai and start using the plastic they already are collecting; and start to rebuild slums. That is one of the solutions the printer can bring. However, it doesn't make sense to drop this thing without creating the community first.
What is needed for social impact?
It's finding the balance between being personal and finding scale. I think that's quite important because being personal is that people project it to their own life. To have a social impact, you have to let it grow—that's the upscale, and that's where the markets come in. They have the power of up-scaling things, but they don't have the power to be personal.
That's what you see in old domains, in healthcare, social housing, the financial sector, still, with current relations, is that the up-scaling became the problem. However, people should not romanticize self-organizing systems [such as a coop] because it is quite difficult to find a balance. We call it the quest for communal personal gain.
What can people do to support their communities?
Well, first they can do more than they think they can. By doing, you can start to understand more about systems and what is your position in it. Electricity, for example, is a low-interest product for the consumer, but on a global level, we're making war because of it, so it's really awareness.
So, what's next?
What we learned from the 3D Print Canal House is that we can take design and make it sharable, scalable, and downloadable. It is a personal design for a global community. That's the power of this technique. You can go from mass production to mass customization, and bring production back into the cities closer to the people with rethinking resources: How can we use waste streams into building materials?
It is the third industrial revolution connected to the social revolution of the Internet. That's what we tried with this project, and that's actually your role as a designer and as an architect.
The architecture firm is also the founding partner of the OPEN COOP, a cooperative for the knowledge-based industries, and a "do-tank" that actively solves societal problems. One of the spinoffs is Amsterdam Electricity.
DUS is currently leading an international team of partners in "research and doing," connecting science, design, construction, and community by 3D printing a canal house in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The U.S. President Barack Obama visited the 3D Print Canal House in March 2014.
The interview is part of the book Impact X.
Categories:Art & Culture, Science & Technology
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Home ⇾ Articles ⇾ The True American Import to Canada is the Living Tree, not Originalism
The True American Import to Canada is the Living Tree, not Originalism
Posted by: Asher Honickman in Articles July 31, 2015	Comments Off on The True American Import to Canada is the Living Tree, not Originalism
Constitutional originalism, which holds that the meaning of the Constitution remains constant with the passage of time, does not enjoy a great deal of support Canada. It is dismissed as an American phenomenon, and a distastefully conservative one at that. The Canadian Constitution, we are told, is a "living tree" and it is therefore the responsibility of judges to rediscover its meaning with every passing generation, and in some cases, with each passing year.
It is for this reason that the appointments of Justices Grant Huscroft and Bradley Miller – two proponents of originalism – have generated such an unusual amount of public interest and media scrutiny, including a recent Globe article that suggested that Prime Minister Stephen Harper has remade Canada's Supreme Court into a much more conservative institution in only a decade. The article offers little in the way of statistical analysis and a significant portion of the discussion is, not surprisingly, devoted to the appointments of Justices Huscroft and (to a lesser extent) Miller and their "U.S.-style" originalism.
Such characterizations of originalism as a right-wing American creation are admittedly common, but demonstrably false. Originalism is neither American nor inherently conservative. In fact, it was the dominant method of interpreting Canadian statutes — including the Constitution — for the first century and more after Confederation. Contrary to popular wisdom, the true American import to Canada is not originalism, but the living constitution.
For most of Canadian history, our judges accepted that they were neutral umpires tasked with interpreting laws in a principled fashion, and that policy considerations were best left to the people's elected representatives. This method of judging, known today as "formalism," was considered an essential feature of the separation of powers and the rule of law.
Among the principles developed by the formalists was the original meaning canon – which held that "the words of a statute must be construed as they would have been the day after the statute was passed," since this was the only way to give effect to the intention of the legislature. Early Canadian decisions confirmed that the BNA Act, being a legal statute, should be interpreted by discerning the original meaning of its text (allowing of course for technological innovations and other external developments).
The case of Edwards vs. Canada — which dealt with whether women were "qualified persons" who could be summoned to the Senate — is often held up as the moment when Canada rejected originalism and adopted the "living tree" doctrine. But as a number of recent commentators, including Justice Miller, have noted, the Privy Council based its decision on the meaning of "qualified persons" at the time the BNA Act was passed in 1867. The reference to the "living tree" in Edwards was simply meant to convey that, as of 1867, Canada was no longer bound by the British common law, which had long excluded women from public life.
Edwards was barely cited in the five decades following its release and never for the proposition that the meaning of the Constitution changes over time. The phrase "living tree" did not appear in a single Canadian decision between 1936 and 1972 and did not appear in a Supreme Court decision between 1931 and 1979. In 1937, the Privy Council re-affirmed that Canada's Constitution must retain its "original structure," a sentiment that was echoed by the Supreme Court in 1950.
Canada remained steeped in originalism even as its neighbour to the south began to experiment with the "living constitution." In 1972, an Alberta judge lamented that "the courts here (as distinct from the United States Supreme Court), cannot legislate." Three years later, the British Columbia Court of Appeal commented that, unlike the United States, Canadian courts were not permitted to engage in "a philosophical and political discussion that extends progressively beyond the ordinary meaning of the words."
If there is one prime minister who did change Canada's judicial culture, it is most definitely not Stephen Harper; it is Pierre Trudeau. Trudeau appointed 10 new judges to the Court, completely remaking the institution during his premiership. Most of the new judges were proponents of the American school of "legal instrumentalism," which effectively called on judges to become agents of social change. This new judicial philosophy began to take hold in the 1970s and by the end of the decade it had become entrenched at the highest court. In 1980, the Supreme Court gave birth to the now-dominant "living tree" doctrine, fundamentally misinterpreting the Edwards decision in the process, and ignoring Canada's long history of originalist interpretation.
While there are flaws with any interpretive methodology, originalism – when applied flexibly in the face of new external circumstances and pragmatically yielding to accepted precedent – is by far the most predictable, democratic and principled approach to judging (which is tellingly why it continues to govern the interpretation of ordinary statutes). As the history of the United States demonstrates, a "living tree" Constitution can grow in any number of ideological directions. A century ago, the U.S. Supreme Court held that "liberty of contract" was a constitutional right, despite being found nowhere in the text, and invalidated a slew of labour laws on that basis. In Canada, the right to strike is currently in vogue, but the right to bear arms could be popular tomorrow. And the rights already entrenched could just as easily be read down or marginalized, which, according to Justice Miller, has already happened to freedom of religion.
If there is any doubt that originalism protects rights, one need only look to Justice Huscroft's first major constitutional decision at the Court of Appeal. Justice Huscroft found that the defendant's right to privacy under the Charter had been violated when police entered his condominium complex without a warrant and spied on him from the common areas, reasoning that if police are permitted to monitor an individual in this fashion, "then the concept of reasonable expectation of privacy means little."
Justice Huscroft did not suddenly become a bleeding heart liberal; he simply, and correctly, applied the law. There is nothing more that we should expect or desire from our judicial appointments.
This article was originally published in the National Post and is being reprinted courtesy of the National Post.
BNA Act Bradley Miller Charter Constitution edwards formalism Grant Huscroft Harper instrumentalism living constitution living tree originalism Trudeau	2015-07-31
Asher Honickman
Tagged with: BNA Act Bradley Miller Charter Constitution edwards formalism Grant Huscroft Harper instrumentalism living constitution living tree originalism Trudeau
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In Defence of Substantive Equality
Unearthing Canadian Originalism: Reflections on my Conversation with Justice Stratas
By Asher Honickman