I don't have to tell you that mobile traffic is taking over desktop traffic in a fast pace. Mainly because I already did. We have been talking about making sure your website is responsive and how Mobilegeddon is hurting websites. In this article, I'd like to talk about the practical side of optimizing your mobile content for devices with smaller screens, like mobile phones and e-readers.
You have to make sure that you are not just loading the desktop website on that small mobile screen. That just won't fit and will require your readers to pinch and zoom. Make the best use possible of that mobile screen; use a responsive website. This means you'll have to make sure that on pages that focus on content, the screen is filled with that content and nothing else. No distractions.
If your site's mobile design is optimized for mobile devices, so should your mobile content be. Responsive design means you are serving the same website, the same mobile content as the content you are serving in a desktop browser. Does that change the entire ball game? No, it most certainly doesn't. I actually don't think you'll need to change the way you write content. Writing content for online readers has to do with summarizing and preparing your text for scanning. Let's go over a few common issues.
Headings have to be short and summarize the section or paragraph they are added to. Try to focus on the main subject, while trimming away all the extras. Especially for mobile content, long headings will appear aggressive. They will take up multiple text lines and push all the valuable paragraph text down. That is of course much less of an issue on your desktop site. Can we add numbers to that in terms of font size and number of lines? No, not really. It all depends on the font you have chosen for your headings, and even the color of the headings. You might want to tone your mobile content headings down a bit, if your desktop site has vibrant colors. That will already help a lot.
Try to explain the main subject of the page or article right in the first section of your mobile content. As with desktop sites, scrolling isn't bad at all on a mobile site. But leave it up to the visitor if he or she wants to scroll, and allow them to make that decision as soon as possible.
In the introduction of this post, I have also added some escapes (links): perhaps this post isn't the one you were looking for, so feel free to visit some of the other articles we have written on the subject.
I scan an article on my iPhone 6 and then decide if I want to read the entire article later. If I do, I send most articles to Evernote. I use Evernote mainly for reference articles or background information.
If I want to make sure I read the full article asap, I send the article to Pocket, and have IFTTT email me the article right after that. That saves the need to enter an email address and subject. Just an idea!
Marieke and I have been talking about reference words quite a bit over the last few weeks. I tend to refer to headings or the previous paragraph using sentences like "This means…" or "That could…" as the first sentence in a new paragraph. For the flow of reading, even more when it concerns mobile content, that isn't what you want to do.
This means that a visitor isn't able to scan your article. See what I did here? The first sentence of this paragraph should have been: "Don't use reference words to refer to a word in another paragraph, as this will mean a visitor isn't able to scan your article". The first sentences of all your paragraphs combined, should summarize your article.
If the first sentences of your paragraphs summarize the article, your mobile visitor can easily scan the mobile content on his phone and understand your main point.
The final paragraph or section of your article has to contain a short summary and your main conclusion. That also means this isn't the conclusion of this article yet, by the way. Your article has to have a head and a tail. You are managing expectations in the introduction (head) and you are sending the visitor home with your main conclusion about the subject at hand (tail).
My posts are usually about something you can do right after reading. I hope to shed some new lights on certain subjects, but most of all I try to motivate you to optimize your website with some common sense and a variety of tools I use myself. That's usually the first paragraph of my conclusion. Besides that, I always ask for your opinion on things or ask you to go and optimize your website. I use the last paragraph of my conclusion for that.
On a mobile device, chances are you won't get to that conclusion. A bus might arrive, or someone starts talking to you. You are distracted. That is why optimizing your mobile content, even more than for desktop content, requires you to keep all of the above in mind.
Use a page speed to tool to identify which images are the culprits.
Drop the full article in your Evernote: The #1 Thing You Can Do to Improve Mobile UX: Image Optimization.
There is one extra step one could take to optimize these images: serve another image on your mobile website. You can do this by using the <picture>-tag and a media attribute. Or, if you are not a (front-end) developer, use the RICG Responsive Images plugin (WordPress) for that.
Use a clean design that focuses on your content.
Optimize your text for scrolling, by using headings, adding a proper intro and optimizing the first sentences of every paragraph.
Write a great conclusion, but keep in mind some mobile visitors won't read it.
No text without images, so optimize your images for faster loading.
I'd like to send you off with one last advice. In this article, I already mentioned that most tips apply to both desktop and mobile content. If you are serious about optimizing your (mobile) content for your visitor, please read our eBook on Content SEO. It will help you structure the way you think about your (mobile) content. And in the end, that will bring you the biggest wins!
Our Content SEO eBook is now on sale for only $15 (normally $19). So go and read it now!
This post first appeared as Optimizing your mobile content on Yoast. Whoopity Doo!


text:
Free is the best price.
Dev Offers Apology Gift To Players Following Mortal Kombat 11 Issues
The recently-released Mortal Kombat 11 – like most games at launch – unfortunately came with a few bugs and issues which were met with heavy criticism from players. Thankfully, the developers have been working hard to eliminate any issues as fast as possible, and they're even throwing in some freebies for the trouble.
Credit: NetherRealm
In a video on Twitch (which you can watch below), NetherRealm's Tayler Lansdown (Community Manager) and Derek Kirtzic (Senior System Designer) discussed some of the known issues and their fixes.
Watch Kombat Kast: Towers and Krypt Update from NetherRealm on www.twitch.tv
One of the main issues was surrounding the Towers of Time and the difficulty level, which has now been rectified through changes on the server-side of the game.
AI opponents' health has been reduced (from 4000 to 1500, which is definitely a much-needed drop), and the frequency of damaging modifiers will now occur "far less" frequently.
As a means of apology to its players, NetherRealm has very kindly decided to shower its fans in free gifts to say sorry for the inconvenience of the rebalance.
You'll be able to get yourself 500,000 Koins, 500 Hearts, 1,000 Soul Fragments and 1,000 Time Krystals. All will become available within the next patch, which is also planned to implement other necessary bug fixes.
Thank you, NeverRealm!
Mortal Kombat 11 has been doing pretty darn well in the sales department, although it did get bested by PlayStation exclusive, Days Gone, in the UK sales charts this week.
Days Gone received mixed reviews when it launched last week, with lots of people claiming the title failed to meet the high standards of previous Sony exclusive. The zombie (sorry, Freaker) open world game's position in the UK sales charts speaks for itself though really…
Have you been playing Days Gone or Mortal Kombat 11?
Featured Image Credit: NeverRealm
'Millions Will Leave PC For Console Gaming,' Claims Report
PlayStation 5 'Won't Be Coming In Next 12 Months'

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I accidently blocked a friend, then unblocked the friend. Now when he calls, the phone doesn't ring, just goes to voice mail directly. I deleted him as a contact and re-entered him as a contact, still the same results. Any suggestions?
Welcome to Android Central! When you open that contact in the People app, and then press the Menu button, do you see the option for "All calls to voicemail"? Is that option checked or unchecked?
I tried your last suggestion. The name was on the blocked caller list, but there was no check mark, as if this caller was blocked. But I did put check marks, so the next time this person tries to call, we'll see how this goes. Thank you so much for your quick response.
Hey, thanks. That worked perfectly!!!


text:
Cornus quinquenervis är en kornellväxtart som beskrevs av Franchet. Cornus quinquenervis ingår i släktet korneller, och familjen kornellväxter. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Bildgalleri

Källor

Externa länkar

Korneller
quinquenervis

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: "Could not find the main class: XX. Program will exit." I have managed to run my jar file with a command prompt, but its always giving me a reponse of

Could not find the main class: XX. Program will exit.

Please help me out, thanks.

A: See Setting an Application's Entry Point

If you have an application bundled in a JAR file, you need some way to indicate which class within the JAR file is your application's entry point. You provide this information with the Main-Class header in the manifest, which has the general form:

Main-Class: classname

The value classname is the name of the class that is your application's entry point.
Recall that the entry point is a class having a method with signature

 public static void main(String[] args).

After you have set the Main-Class header in the manifest, you then run the JAR file using the following form of the java command:
java -jar JAR-name

The main method of the class specified in the Main-Class header is executed.

We first create a text file named Manifest.txt with the following contents:

Main-Class: MyPackage.MyClass

Warning: The text file must end with a new line or carriage return. The last line will not be parsed properly if it does not end with a new line or carriage return.
We then create a JAR file named MyJar.jar by entering the following command:

jar cfm MyJar.jar Manifest.txt MyPackage/*.class

This creates the JAR file with a manifest with the following contents:

Manifest-Version: 1.0
Created-By: 1.6.0 (Sun Microsystems Inc.)
Main-Class: MyPackage.MyClass

When you run the JAR file with the following command, the main method of MyClass executes:

java -jar MyJar.jar

A: I had the same error. The problem was that Windows 10 suddenly decided to set my workspace folder to read-only.
After removing the read-only checkmark in the folder's options, the problem was solved.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Is your business standing on a Burning Platform?
Heading into Outdoor Retailer Winter Market, OIA President and CEO Frank Hugelmeyer shares with us what the organization is focusing on to prep outdoor businesses for the next generation .
The Burning Platform is a change management conundrum that emphasizes the need for immediate and radical change due to dire circumstances. Its origins emanate from a story about a man facing inevitable or probable death while standing on a remote and flaming oil rig in the North Sea. Despite the unpleasant options, he still must choose. The parable strongly implies that to not act at all is the most foolish choice.
Over the past decade, the outdoor industry has experienced the most rapid, fundamental and exciting shifts ever to impact our community. Thanks to technology, we have watched the traditional rules of retail give way to a new consumer-driven mobile model that is at the core of an expanding global marketplace. Add to that dynamic trading environment a potent stew of changing demographics, increased urbanization, evolving consumer preference and constant political bickering and we have in hand the potential for many outdoor businesses to find themselves on a Burning Platform.
Business consultant, Peter Sheahan, emphasizes how "change is slow, until it is not" and how this observation for broad markets seems to be true for the outdoor industry. We've been migrating to online and mobile retail for some time. We've seen the expansion of urban markets and digital aboriginals grow. The millennial market is beginning to show signs that it will shape our market, and drive and lead the tools we will use for commerce in the future.
Paco Underhill has warned us that retail stores will change more in the next 12 years than they have changed over the past 50 years. Clearly, today's outdoor consumer is not tomorrow's outdoor consumer. The industry's traditional definition of "outdoor" will be very different as future consumers define it. Retail is quickly trending towards "metailing," "pretailing" and "crowdshopping." Urban culture is becoming the dominant global lifestyle. Time, energy and, most importantly, convenience are the new consumer currencies.
My question for you is … are you ready? Or are you standing on a Burning Platform?
In a recent survey, we learned that OIA members believe that inspiring and growing future generations of outdoor enthusiasts is a top priority for the industry. But going forward, our greatest risk might be our greatest asset. We have built an incredibly strong enthusiast consumer base because we are enthusiasts. With that in mind, do you truly understand what is important to the future generation of outdoor enthusiasts? And, are you aware of how your current enthusiast bias is relevant to tomorrow's outdoor consumer? And more importantly, do you understand how your bias can either create opportunities or increase barriers to reach the future outdoor consumer?
In partnership, Outdoor Industry Association® (OIA) and Outdoor Retailer will help companies know more about these market changes than anyone else. OIA is your go-to-source for understanding how to meet the ever-changing needs of the new outdoor consumer and how to align your business for long-term success. Americans spend more than $646 billion annually on outdoor recreation because they recognize the value and significance of meaningful experiences in their daily lives, and they prove it with their wallets. The signs for the industry are strong and OIA members are positioned to become stronger.
So get smarter, faster. OIA has spent the last 25 years ensuring the growth and success of the outdoor industry. And we are proud that 91 percent of our members would recommend an OIA membership to their peers. In 2014, we are doubling down on providing new tools, vital research and the strategic knowledge members need to stay ahead of the curve.
Don't be left on a Burning Platform … join us on this journey and access these resources. Your business and our industry can only benefit and grow into the future.


text:
Home » Brian Montgomery
Articles Tagged with ''Brian Montgomery''
FHA's Montgomery says "more flexible" condo rules are coming
Says agency is actively working to revise condo approval requirements
FHA Commissioner Brian Montgomery said the agency is currently working to revise its condominium approval rules and that he expects a final rule to be announced soon. After a near three-year wait, Montgomery said the industry can expect a final ruling on the proposed revisions that will be "less prescriptive and more reflective of the current market."
FHA clarifies certification requirements to streamline HECM lending
Proposes updates to annual and loan-level docs, does away with "jumbled legalese"
The Federal Housing Administration is clarifying its rules to ease compliance concerns and encourage more banks and lenders to participate in its mortgage lending programs. Among the proposed changes are revisions to HECM loan-level documents that are intended to reduce confusion. Click the headline for details.
FHA clarifies rules to attract more participants to its mortgage lending program
Says its jumbled legalese has scared away banks, and it wants to bring them back
The Federal Housing Administration wants more banks to participate in its mortgage program and it's clarifying its rules to ease their compliance concerns. On Thursday, the FHA released proposed clarifications to its annual and loan-level certification requirements, as well as updated language describing what constitutes a defective loan, hoping that swapping out "jumbled legalese" with "plain English" will attract more players.
FHA eliminates two "unnecessary and outdated" lending roadblocks
Makes good on promise to streamline procedures
The Federal Housing Administration has taken steps to reduce some of the regulatory burdens that belabor the lending process, releasing two mortgagee letters Tuesday with updated guidelines on home warranty and inspection requirements for single-family FHA loans. FHA Commissioner Brian Montgomery said the moves align with the administration's goal to streamline and update guidelines in an effort to reduce regulatory barriers.
A look back at 2018's HECM highlights
Recapping the major reverse mortgage news of the year
It's been a tumultuous year for the reverse mortgage industry, but that's really nothing new for those who make their living in this line of work. No stranger to change, the HECM space witnessed a good amount of action this year. We've compiled a rundown to give you a review of all that's happened in 2018.
Do reverse mortgages have occupancy issues?
When someone other than the borrower lives in the home, the FHA may unknowingly be footing the bill
Reverse mortgage borrowers must sign a form every year to confirm that they are living in the property, but without anyone physically verifying that it is, in fact, the borrower signing the form, there's bound to be fraud, and it could be costing the FHA's insurance fund millions.
FHA automates reverse mortgage second-appraisal process
Lenders will now get an immediate response
The FHA fully automated the second-appraisal process for HECM lenders on Friday, a move it had promised would come by December 1st. Now, lenders will receive an immediate, automatic response on whether or not a second appraisal will be required before the loan can proceed, curbing some concerns about how much time a second appraisal would add to the loan process.
Former head of FHA and MBA David Stevens blasts reverse mortgages
Suggests fixes to curtail "outrageous profits" and "predatory sales approach"
David Stevens isn't a fan of reverse mortgages, and he's not afraid to say it. The former FHA commissioner and recently retired president and CEO of the MBA posted a comment about HECMs on LinkedIn that got people talking. "Brian Montgomery is trying to fix the abuse," he said, "but the product is the one that kept me awake at night when I was there." We reached out to Stevens to talk more about his issues with the program and his suggestions for fixing them.
Reverse mortgage industry reacts to FHA's hint at future policy changes
Last week's actuarial report suggests more change is on the horizon
Last week, FHA's 2018 Report to Congress revealed the HECM portfolio's continued drain on the MMI Fund. While the agency said it was optimistic past policy changes would improve the program, it also suggested more change is coming for HECMs. While this wasn't exactly welcome news for an industry that can't seem to catch its breath, reverse execs offered a measured response to FHA's report.
FHA: No PLF changes for reverse mortgages
Report reveals HECM's drain, but FHA says it's moving in the right direction
The Federal Housing Administration released its 2018 Report to Congress on Thursday, revealing that the HECM program continues to be a drain on its flagship Mutual Mortgage Insurance Fund to the tune of $13.63 billion in the last fiscal year. But FHA Commissioner Brian Montgomery said the program is benefiting from policy changes made last year, and that the agency remains "optimistic that the quality of the book will continue to improve."


text:
Lowering Healthcare Costs: Less Care or Less Expensive Care?
There is little or no intersection between the people that care about costs and the people who control costs. So while most healthcare policy makers are trying to incent people to…
Government Matters: The Impact of IT Modernization & Workforce Convergence in Federal Healthcare
Francis Rose host of Government Matters, speaks with Pat Tamburrino, vice president of…
International Capacity Development – Kenya
How do you safeguard the health and safety of millions of people? By shaping up the medical logistics supply chain.
LMI Selected to Provide Intelligent Automation/Artificial Intelligence Solutions to the Federal Government
We help healthcare organizations manage policy changes, enhance operations, and improve…
Pandemic Consequence Planning: Assessment of Preparedness and Response
A very infectious, but relatively mild influenza pandemic of the novel H1N1 virus (the "swine flu") began early in 2009. The first reported and confirmed case was in Mexico City,…
Improving Diagnoses through Telemedicine
Learn how healthcare providers are beginning to utilize telemedicine and electronic health records (EHRs) more prevalently to improve patient care.
How Do Governments Stay Dynamic in an Evolving Healthcare Landscape?
By monitoring compliance and identifying best healthcare practices.


text:
Best Western Open Database Exposes Government Records
While data breaches of any kind are alarming enough, a business data breach that can leak information from an open database relating to national security can be very scary. For example, the Office of Personnel Management breach in 2015 leaked the complete identities, sometimes including background checks, fingerprints and even information pertaining to security clearances, for about 21.5 million people who work for or are related to an employee of the U.S. government.
A data breach of a hotel chain reservation system might not seem as significant as the OPM breach, but in its own way, it could be. Autoclerk, a reservation management system used by the Best Western Hotels and Resorts company, was the target of a breach of an open database that leaked names, addresses, birth dates, obscured credit card information, dates of reservations and even room numbers for thousands of people. In total, there are expected to be hundreds of thousands of individual reservations in the cache of data.
Hotel reservations might not seem that serious, but any data breach of government records is a notable event. It is especially troubling when many of these guests are military or government personnel traveling on official business. The information pertaining to locations, dates and names could prove useful to someone with an interest in it. The data from the open database contained past travel arrangements and upcoming scheduled trips for officials in the military and the Department of Homeland Security. The government records even reportedly included the names of officials who have scheduled trips to Russia and Israel, among other places.
What is worse is that the information from this data breach was discovered online with no encryption. Anyone who had reason to look for it could locate it and sift through its contents.
This is the kind of event that should serve as a wake-up call to anyone who uses technology. There is no such thing as a "foolproof" system that can keep every hacker out. It is up to individuals to do their part in keeping outsiders from finding out too much about their personal information and their activities. Protecting your information and your sensitive details should be paramount when operating any type of technology.
Popular VPN Provider, NordVPN, Breached by Hackers
FBI Warns of Hackers Bypassing Some Types of Two-Factor Authentication
October 23, 2019 /by Julia Higham
https://www.idtheftcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/ITRC_SS_data-breach_1156835017.jpg 667 1000 Julia Higham https://www.idtheftcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/32smWideLogo_edited-1-300x71.png Julia Higham2019-10-23 09:13:432019-10-29 09:18:00Best Western Open Database Exposes Government Records
Synthetic Identity Theft: The "Frankenstein" of Identity Crime Worst Places in the U.S. for Identity Theft


text:
Michele Placido (; ) este un actor, regizor și scenarist italian. Este cunoscut în special pentru rolul lui Corrado Cattani din serialul de televiziune La piovra (Caracatița).

Viața și cariera
Michele Placido s-a născut pe 19 mai 1946, în Ascoli Satriano, într-o familie săracă din Rionero in Vulture, Basilicata. Este descendent al bine-cunoscutului Carmine Crocco. A studiat actoria la  Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia din Roma, și apoi împreună cu Silvio D'Amico a studiat și la Academia de Arte Dramatice. Și-a făcut debutul ca actor în piesa Midsummer's Night Dream din 1969. Doi ani mai târziu a început să joace în filme, în regia lui Luigi Comencini, Mario Monicelli, Salvatore Samperi, Damiano Damiani, Francesco Rosi, Walerian Borowczyk, Marco Bellocchio, Paolo Cavara și Carlo Lizzani. Primul său succes l-a cunoscut cu rolul soldatului Paolo Passeri din Marcia trionfale (1976, regizat de Bellocchio), rol pentru care el a câștigat un premiu David di Donatello. Peste doi ani a câștigat premiul Ursul de Argint pentru cel mai bun actor la Festivalul Internațional de Film de la Berlin, ediția 29, pentru rolul muncitorului homosexual din melodrama ironică Ernesto (1978, regizată de Samperi).

A apărut în câteva filme TV din anii 1970, dar anul 1983 a marcat începutul celei mai mari popularități a sale, prin rolul principal al inspectorul de poliție ce investighează Mafia în serialul Caracatița, de Damiano Damiani. Și-a reluat rolul în următoarele trei părți ale serialului, până când personajul său a fost asasinat. După aceasta a apărut într-un număr de filme și producții de televiziune în calitate de om al legii ce se ocupă cu crima organizată, printre acre și filmul semibiografic despre Giovanni Falcone, în care l-a jucat pe judecătorul titular. În 2008, într-o răsturnare de roluri, Placido l-a portretizat pe capul longeviv al mafiei, Bernardo Provenzano, în filmul L'ultimo padrino.

Michele Placido a fost căsătorit cu actrița Simonetta Stefanelli; cei doi au divorțat în 1994. Stefanelli este cunoscută pentru rolul primei soții a lui Michael Corleone în filmul The Godfather. Fiica lor, Violante Placido, de asemenea este actriță.

Din 2012 Michele Placido este căsătorit cu actrița Federica Vincenti (n. 8 noiembrie 1983), după ce anterior au avut o relație de 10 ani.

Filmografie

Actor

 1972 Il caso Pisciotta regia Eriprando Visconti : Amerigo Lo Jacono
 1972 Mia moglie, un corpo per l'amore, regia Mario Imperoli
 1973 La mano nera, come Mike Placido, regia Antonio Racioppi : Antonio Turris
 1973 Non ho tempo, regia Ansano Giannarelli
 1973 Teresa la ladra, regia Carlo Di Palma : Tonino Santità
 1973 Il Picciotto, regia Alberto Negrin : Rosario Mandalà (miniserie)
 1974 Doamne, oare cum am putut să decad atât de mult? (Mio Dio, come sono caduta in basso!), regia Luigi Comencini
 1974 Romanzo popolare, regia Mario Monicelli
 1974 Processo per direttissima, regia Lucio De Caro : Stefano Baldini
 1975 Peccati in famiglia, regia Bruno Gaburro
 1975 Divina creatura, regia Giuseppe Patroni Griffi
 1976 La orca, regia Eriprando Visconti
 1975 Moses the Lawgiver (miniserial TV), regia Gianfranco De Bosio
 1975 Orlando Furioso (miniserial TV), Luca Ronconi … Agramante
 1976 Ultimul post de control (L'Agnese va a morire), regia Giuliano Montaldo
 1976 ...e tanta paura (Paolo Cavara) … Inspector Gaspare Lomenzo
 1976 Marșul triumfal (Marcia trionfale), regia Marco Bellocchio)
 1977 Corleone, regia Pasquale Squitieri) … Michele Labruzzo
 1977 Oedipus Orca, regia Eriprando Visconti
 1977 Kleinhoff Hotel, regia Carlo Lizzani) … Pedro
 1977 La ragazza dal pigiama giallo (, Flavio Mogherini) … Antonio Attolini
 1977 Beach House (, Sergio Citti) … Vincenzino
 1979 Un om în genunchi (Un uomo in ginocchio), Damiano Damiani
 Io sono mia (1978, Sofia Scandurra) … Giacinto
 Tigers in Lipstick (1979, Luigi Zampa) … Angelo / The Photographer
 The Meadow (1979, Paolo and Vittorio Taviani) … Enzo
 Saturday, Sunday and Friday (1979, 3 directors) … Mario Salvetti
 Ernesto (1979, Salvatore Samperi) … The Man
 1980 Fontamara, regia Carlo Lizzani
 A Leap in the Dark (1980, Marco Bellocchio) … Giovanni Sciabola
 Lulu (1980, Walerian Borowczyk) … Schwarz
 Cargo (1981, Serge Dubor) … Giovanni
 Three Brothers (1981, Francesco Rosi) … Nicola Giuranna
 The Wings of the Dove (1981, Benoît Jacquot) … Sandro
 Sciopèn (1982, Luciano Odorisio) … Francesco Maria Vitale
 Ars amandi (1983, Walerian Borowczyk) … Macarius
 Les Amants terribles (1984, Danièle Dubroux and Stavros Kaplanidis) … Sergio
 1984 Caracatița (La piovra) (miniserial TV, Damiano Damiani) … Commissario Corrado Cattani
  (1985, miniserial TV, Florestano Vancini) … Commissario Corrado Cattani
 Pizza Connection (1985, Damiano Damiani) … Mario Aloia
 Grandi magazzini (1986, Castellano & Pipolo) … Director
 Summer Night (1986, Lina Wertmüller) … Beppe Catanìa
 1987 La piovra 3 (miniserial TV, Luigi Perelli) … Commissario Corrado Cattani
 Private Affairs (1987, Francesco Massaro) … Lionello
 Via Paradiso (1988, Luciano Odorisio) … Francesco
 Big Business (1988, Jim Abrahams) … Fabio Alberici
 Come sono buoni i bianchi (1988, Marco Ferreri) … Michele
 1989 La piovra 4 (miniserial TV, Luigi Perelli) … Commissario Corrado Cattani
 Mery per sempre (1989, Marco Risi) … Marco Terzi
 Afganskiy izlom (1990, Vladimir Bortko) … Major Bandura
 Scoop (1991, miniserial TV, José María Sánchez) … Marco Bonilli
 Close Friends (1992, Michele Placido) … father of Simona
 Uomo di rispetto (1992, film, Damiano Damiani) … Nino
 Drug Wars: The Cocaine Cartel (1992, miniserial TV, Paul Krasny) … Col. Roberto Chavez
 Quattro bravi ragazzi (1993, Claudio Camarca) … Marcione
 Father and Son (1994, Pasquale Pozzessere) … Corrado
 Policemen (1994, Giulio Base) … Sante Carella
 Lamerica (1994, Gianni Amelio) … Fiore
 Un eroe borghese (1995, Michele Placido) … Silvio Novembre
 La Lupa (1996, Gabriele Lavia) … Malerba
 Racket (1997, miniserial TV, Luigi Perelli) … Guido Gerosa
 Of Lost Love (1998, Michele Placido) … Don Gerardo
 La Missione (1998, film, Maurizio Zaccaro) … Padre Ramboni
  (1998, Nicolas Boukhrief) … Carlo
 Terra bruciata (1999, Fabio Segatori) … Fra' Salvatore
 A Respectable Man (1999, Maurizio Zaccaro) … Enzo Tortora
 The Nanny (1999, Marco Bellocchio) … Belli Estate Patient
 Dirty Linen (1999, Mario Monicelli) … Furio Cimin
 Padre Pio - Tra cielo e terra (2000, film)
 Free the Fish (2000)
 Tra due mondi (2001)
 Searching for Paradise (2002)
 Il Sequestro Soffiantini (2002, film)
 Soraya (2003, film)
 Un papà quasi perfetto (2003, miniserial TV)
 Il posto dell'anima (2003)
 Il Grande Torino (2004. film)
 The Smell of Blood (2004)
 Love Returns (2004)
 Estrenando sueños (2005)
 Liolà (2005)
 Commediasexi (2006)
 Karol: The Pope, The Man (2006, film)
 The Goodbye Kiss (2006)
 The Roses of the Desert (2006)
 The Unknown Woman (2006)
 2061: An Exceptional Year (2007)
 Piano, solo (2007)
 SoloMetro (2007)
 Blood of the Losers (2008)
 Aldo Moro - Il presidente (2008, film)
 La luna nel deserto (2008, scurtmetraj – voce)
 The Sorrow of Mrs. Schneider (2008)
 L'ultimo padrino (2008, film)
 Baarìa (2009)
 The Big Dream (2009)
 Oggi sposi (2009)
 Manuale d'amore 3 (2011)
 Tulpa (2012)
 La scelta (2015)

Regizor

 Pummarò (1990)
 Close Friends (1992)
 Un eroe borghese (1995)
 Of Lost Love (1998)
 Un Altro mondo è possibile (2001)
 A Journey Called Love (2002)
 Ovunque sei (2004)
 Romanzo criminale (2005)
 The Big Dream (2009)
 L'Aquila 2009 - Cinque registi tra le macerie (2009)
 Vallanzasca - Gli angeli del male (2010)
 Le Guetteur (2012)
 La scelta (2015)

Premii și nominalizări

1995 - Câștigător al Efebo d'oro - Premio Internazionale Cinema narrativa- pentru filmul Un eroe borghese, tratto dal romanzo di Corrado Stajano.

Referințe

Legături externe

Nașteri în 1946
Actori italieni din secolul al XX-lea
Actori italieni din secolul al XXI-lea
Câștigătorii premiilor David di Donatello
Câștigătorii premiilor Nastro d'Argento
Italieni în viață
Regizori italieni
Romano-catolici italieni
Scenariști italieni


I was watering plants in the greenhouses today, and though I took some flower pictures, these always grab my attention ... Haworthia cooperi var. venusta GM292, one of my favorite haworthias.
This a flat with Pleiospilos nelii 'Royal Flush', a cultivar with amazing color, and Lapidaria margaretae, a monotypic genus also known as the Karoo Rose or split rocks. Enjoy your plants.
A selection of young plants from leaf cuttings, these are often still listed as a species, but all agree that it's a hybrid. Of unknown origin, it's considered to be a hybrid of Echeveria agavoides & Echeveria harmsii. It branches with age. These are showing a lot of color due to the stress of not being watered often enough this winter.
This has kind of become our first flower to be posted every year. The flower is relatively small for orchid cacti, but it's very dependable and early, two very good qualities.
A neat Winter grower, the Sarcocaulon name has been officially absorbed by Monsonia for some time, but because of morphological differences, it still is mostly known as Sarcocaulon. It can be used to great effect in a bonsai container.
A member of the Geraniaceae family, it hails from Namaqualand, Northern Cape Province, Republic of South Africa.
Just another couple of pics from around the smaller greenhouse yesterday. Days are getting longer and the plants are beginning to notice. Now all we have to do is get out there and do a little spiffing up. But there are never enough hours in the day!
Again I haven't been posting much. We're still fighting colds, etc., and Lynn-Marie's arthritis in her hands is making it hard for her to work with the plants. As a result we will be winding down our internet nursery in the next several months. We will try to fill the backlog of orders as soon as we can, but it's going to be a slow process. By this summer we'll be switching over to an occasional email list of plants which are available for a limited time period.
I'll try to keep up with the blog as we move into Spring, but I'm also working on Lynn-Marie's online presence as an artist. I've be promising to get this done for a long time, so it really has to get done. I'll let you know when it's ready to go.
For now, then, just enjoy your plants!
Obviously, this is a closeup. The flower's not that big. But it's really quite fascinating when you get up close and personal.


Frugality is a word that rarely enters the debate about government spending at any level. Instead, voters hear about "unnecessary spending" and the need to eliminate it when annual budgets are out of line. It always begs the question of, if the spending was unnecessary, why were we doing it in the first place? And then there are the politicians who aim to balance budgets by eliminating waste, fraud, and abuse, as if waste, fraud, and abuse were OK when times were not so tight.
Politicians who spend tax dollars undertake a solemn responsibility. Elected officials ought to be as careful with the public's money as they are with their own. That is the true test for fiscal responsibility.
To make it through college, I grew wild blueberries with my grandfather on a remote parcel of land in Maine. Keeping costs down meant the difference between making money or not, the difference between attending school in the fall or not. Frugality meant hoping for rain, and when rain did not come, it meant irrigating the land with a used, and not a new, pump. It meant buying some odd lots of used pipe that did not fit together, and then blacksmithing some connecting pieces so that our strange collection of mismatched pipe could do the job.
Frugality is a way of doing business, and for households, it is a way of life. It is my grandmother opening a Christmas present, taking care not to rip the wrapping paper, and then smoothing the paper out, so that it can be used for next year. Frugality is waiting to buy bread at the Big Y until it is a two-for-one special. It is buying your paper goods at Target and not CVS.
Frugality is an everyday thing, not an end of the year thing. It is being mindful of every expenditure, working efficiently, and re-evaluating constantly to make sure nothing is wasted. Sometimes it is making do with what you have, using a thing until it is broken and beyond repair. And it is always about taking care of your tools, and not throwing out things that will have value in the future.
Frugality is an easy idea to grasp while eking out a living on your own blueberry field, wood lot, or lobster boat in Maine. It is easy to understand if you are a senior living on a fixed income. But a spirit of frugality is harder to maintain across a large organization, when the visceral feeling of reaching into an almost empty pocket at the checkout line is gone.
So frugality also means never spending without a plan. Blue chip companies with an eye on the bottom line, like GE and Monsanto, set goals, formulate plans, and then review performance to match up the execution of those plans with the goals. A good company answerable to its shareholders does not allow its money to wander aimlessly from the prescribed path.
Likewise, a good government answerable to the voters is frugal, and it insists on a sound plan before spending any money. A frugal government does not try to save money by haphazardly drawing lines through a budget spreadsheet at the end of the year, eliminating some programs and positions entirely, and doing nothing to increase the efficiency of other programs and positions. A frugal government becomes lean the way a smart dieter loses weight, by slowing shedding calories and pounds over time. Lopping off programs at the end of the year is like trying to lose weight by chopping off a hand. It accomplishes the short-term goal, but it is destructive in the long run.
In recent years, Longmeadow's annual budget has sometimes sparked discord, and sometimes not. This year, the rancor has been notable. But through it all, have we ever looked at our operations, our objectives, and our plans? Have we looked at the way town government does business, in the manner a management consultant would scrutinize a company seeking to improve its performance? Have we, with fresh eyes, looked for redundancies, inefficiencies, and ways in which our spending has deviated from our plans, or ways in which spending has proceeded without a plan?
An attentive voter listening to the statements of our town leaders in recent years would have to conclude that every department, down to every last employee, is a model of efficiency. We just seem to take it for granted in the way that the citizens of Lake Wobegon believe that all of their children are above average. A frugal government does not indulge in such fantasies.
As residents of Longmeadow, we have heard the phrase "eyes on the child" used to describe the philosophy of the Longmeadow public schools. But what does that mean? To me, and my fellow School Committee members, it means making informed decisions in the best interests of our students and the Longmeadow community. Every vote we take, every policy we approve, every contract we negotiate, is done with students and the community in mind.
As a school committee in Massachusetts, we are legally charged with a very specific set of functions - to set the policy and budget of the school district. Our charge is important, and we take it seriously because we know that the most important investment we can make as a community is in education. But as an elected body representing the community at large, we also have a responsibility to make prudent financial decisions. With that in mind, when the FY'14 budget was presented by Superintendent Marie Doyle to the School Committee, it featured a total bottom line increase of $604,714, equating to a 1.8% increase over the current fiscal year. This increase includes a 2% cost of living increase as provided in the contracts we negotiated last year with our unions, step increases, and salary advancement for continuing education. Together, these total $794,560.
This next fiscal year, the school district is also facing an increase in the costs of operating our lunch program, as a result of a necessary contractual change with our food service provider. Based on this change, we had to budget an additional $100,000 to cover any losses we may have in operation of the lunch program.
The most important addition to this budget, however, is to fund key positions to build capacity to serve certain high needs students in district. At the elementary level, we have added a transitional program. This program will enable the district to work with students who have behavioral issues that impact their ability to successfully integrate with the larger school community. Without this program, most of these students would need to be placed in costly out-of district-programs.
The approved budget also includes a new Life Skills program at the High School. This program also allows the district to work more effectively with high needs students, teaching them important life skills that prepare them for independence outside of school. Without the addition of these two programs, the district would be faced with bills for out-of-district tuition for between $200,000 and $400,000.
In an effort to limit the amount of FY '14 increases, the budget approved by the School Committee also includes more than $700,000 of carefully considered reductions from the FY'13 budget.
Ultimately, the budget as approved by the School Committee and presented to the Select Board for inclusion in the Town's FY 14 budget totals the amount necessary to fulfill the mission of the school district as set forth in its strategic plan. The School Committee also understands that we do not budget or operate in a vacuum. We understand that the Select Board has different priorities than we do and our continual budgetary debates are a result of those differences.
Yet, notwithstanding multiple sessions during which members of the School Committee and representatives from the school district have repeatedly answered all questions thoughtfully and completely, the Select Board has approved a Town budget that includes a 0% increase, and in fact a reduction of $90,000 from our FY'13 budget, resulting in an overall reduction of $706,000 from our approved FY 14 budget.
This presents us with a devastating budget scenario that we simply cannot support. Approval of the Select Board's budget at Town Meeting will result in actual positions being cut, and the impact to students will be real. The district will have to reduce up to 15 positions, including some classroom teachers. Class sizes will necessarily increase and the student achievement levels the district has worked hard to increase will be put at risk.
Our fervent hope is that there exists a fair compromise position between the budgets as approved by the Select Board and the School Committee. To this end the School Committee has made a number of overtures to the Select Board seeking a compromise. More recently, members of the Select Board and School Committee have begun to enter into direct negotiations to reach a compromise. These negotiations, however, carry with them no guarantee that a majority of Select Board members would support what ever compromise budget is proposed.
As a result of this uncertainty, the School Committee believes that should a compromise not be reached between boards, it will be necessary for us to offer an amendment to the Select Board's budget on the floor of Town Meeting. We recognize the impact that this would have on the entire community and we see this option as a last resort.
It is our duty as representatives elected by the residents of Longmeadow to advocate for a budget that enables the school district to continue to deliver the excellent educational opportunities our community has come to expect. In this case, we believe that our approved budget is not excessive and very appropriate.
Thank you for the opportunity to inform the residents of Longmeadow as to the status of the FY 14 budget for the Longmeadow Public Schools.
Update: As of Tuesday, April 16, 2013 the Longmeadow Select Board voted to not accept the compromise negotiated with the School Committee. As a result, the School Committee has no option other than to offer an amendment on the floor of Town Meeting. In keeping with our commitment to the community, the School Committee will offer amendments that replicate the compromise budget.


Juan Carlos Varela will be the next President of Panama. It was a surprise victory. Given the high approval rating of outgoing President Ricardo Martinelli, it was expected that his hand-picked successor would triumph. However, since the days of Noreiga in the 80's, the sitting party has never repeated in a presidential election. Democracy is strong in Panama and it is notable that all of the presidential candidates for the three major political parties touted similar pro-business and pro-development platforms. Also of note is that while Martinelli's party had a majority in the legislature during Martinelli's tenure, Varela's party has only a small number of seats. New legislation will now require negotiations with one of the other two major parties. Varela is a businessman. Expect Panama to remain on course with continued pro-business inclinations, fewer legislative changes and ongoing rapid growth rates through this new administration.
Opposition leader Juan Carlos Varela has won the presidential election in Panama with almost 40% of the votes.
Mr Varela, who is currently the vice-president, had distanced himself from outgoing President Ricardo Martinelli.
Correspondents say Mr Varela has taken credit for Mr Martinelli's economic success, but has promised a cleaner, more transparent government.
The president's preferred candidate, the governing party contender Jose Domingo Arias, came second.
President Martinelli had actively supported the campaign of Mr Arias, 50, and the leader's wife Marta Linares was the candidate's running mate.
Critics said his support for the Arias-Linares team was an attempt by Mr Martinelli to hold on to the reins of power.
Under the Panamanian constitution, presidents are obliged to step down after one term and are banned from running for the two following terms.
Mr Varela, a former centre-right ally of Mr Martinelli, fell out with the president after he was dismissed from his post as foreign minister in 2011.
After he had achieved an unassailable lead in the poll, Mr Varela, 50, told Reuters news agency that "better times are on their way".
Panama's vice-president Juan Carlos Varela was declared the victor of the country's presidential election on Sunday, thwarting an attempt by former ally and incumbent Ricardo Martinelli to extend his grip on power by electing a hand-picked successor.
With 60% of ballots counted, officials said Varela led with 39% of the votes, compared to 32% for former housing minister Jose Domingo Arias, the preferred choice of Martinelli. Juan Carlos Navarro, a former mayor of the capital, was running third in the seven-candidate field with 27%.
Varela, who takes office July 1, dedicated his victory to Panama's democracy when the electoral tribunal's chief magistrate notified him by telephone of his victory.
The ruling party has still never won re-election to Panama's presidency since the United States' 1989 overthrow of military strongman Manuel Noriega.
Although Martinelli was not on the ballot, the billionaire supermarket magnate's presence loomed large during the campaign with many worried that he would be the power behind the throne if voters chose Arias, a soft-spoken newcomer.
As the race narrowed in recent weeks, Martinelli crisscrossed the isthmus inaugurating hospitals, stadiums and central America's first subway while warning the nation's 3.2m people that record-low unemployment and economic growth averaging more than 8% since he took office in 2009 could be jeopardised if his opponents won.
His high-profile campaigning drew widespread criticism, as did his decision to place his wife, Marta Linares, as Arias' running mate on the Democratic Center ticket.
Varela, a 50-year-old engineer, is the scion of one of Panama's richest families and owner of a namesake rum distillery. He left the 2009 presidential race to throw his conservative Panamenista party's support behind Martinelli in exchange for the vice presidency.
But the political marriage did not last, and Martinelli dismissed him from an additional role as foreign minister in 2011 for refusing to back a plan for a referendum to allow president's to serve consecutive terms.
Vice President Juan Carlos Varela upended pre-election polls showing him lagging behind to win the country's presidential election, after publicly feuding with the ruling party over allegations of corruption.
Varela, 50, was declared the winner by the national electoral tribunal yesterday, which said his lead in the race was insurmountable. With 93 percent of the precincts counted, Varela had 39 percent. Former Housing Minister Jose Domingo Arias, who led in pre-election polls and had the backing of President Ricardo Martinelli, was second with 32 percent and conceded the race. Ex-Panama City Mayor Juan Carlos Navarro was third with 28 percent.
Varela will succeed Martinelli, who helped oversee the Panama Canal's $5.25 billion expansion, opened Central America's first subway and pushed unemployment to a record low 4.1 per cent, on July 1. With voters saying inflation was their top concern, Varela advocated price controls on basic foods and said he would be more open to talks with unions and indigenous groups, who have battled with Martinelli over mining and hydroelectric projects.
Martinelli congratulated Varela for his "overwhelming victory" on his Twitter account. His Democratic Change party still won the most seats in the 71-member National Assembly, with 30 lawmakers compared with 12 aligned with Varela, according to preliminary estimates by the electoral tribunal.
Panamanians, enjoying one of the fastest-growing economies in the hemisphere but wary of corruption and growing executive power, rejected the governing party's choice for president on Sunday — on a ticket with the president's wife for vice president — and instead hewed to tradition by electing an opposition candidate.
Panama's election commission declared the president-elect to be Juan Carlos Varela, who is vice president but broke with the governing party in a rancorous falling-out and was stripped of many of his duties. He captured 39 percent of the vote, with more than three-quarters of the ballots counted.
Mr. Varela, 50, an engineer and well-known politician whose family owns the country's biggest liquor producer, was seven points ahead of the 32 percent won by the governing party candidate, , Jose Domingo Arias, a former housing minister and a political newcomer. A third major candidate, Juan Carlos Navarro, a former two-time mayor of Panama City, had 28 percent.
It was billed as a battle royal between Latin America's top two spin doctors. In one corner, the campaign guru to such towering leftist leaders as Brazil's Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva and Venezuela's Hugo Chavez. In the other, a strategist likened to Karl Rove who is credited with helping return the Institutional Revolutionary Party to power in Mexico after a 12-year-absence.
So how did these high-paid rainmakers get trounced in Panama's recently concluded presidential race by a candidate advised by an unknown American strategist who barely speaks Spanish?
Old fashioned perseverance may have made the difference.
With limited knowledge of Panama's political culture, Christian Ferry spent most of the past six months in the country designing speeches, organizing grassroots supporters and buying TV ads as chief strategist to Vice President Juan Carlos Varela's campaign. After trailing in the major polls, Varela jumped past his two rivals to win the May 4 vote convincingly.
The victory was more remarkable because Varela's choice of Ferry flies in the face of a recent trend among Latin America campaigns to shun carpetbagger consultants from the U.S. and rely on regional talent more attuned to local nuances. Varela's better-funded opponents hired the region's most sought-after strategists: Joao Santana and J.J. Rendon.
Washington Post link no longer available.


At 4% of campus floor space and 10% of campus energy use, the University of British Columbia's (UBC) LEED® Gold Life Science Centre represents a large proportion of overall energy use on campus. Starting in 2012 UBC's energy conservation team began a systematic process of low cost optimizations, waste heat recovery, and optimizing building air changes which have led to 35% reduction in building energy use.
Julie Pett is the Energy Conservation Manager at the University of British Columbia. She has 11 Years of energy conservation, new construction, and sustainable building experience. She has worked at UBC in here role doing energy conservation existing and new laboratory buildings for 3 years. Before that, she worked as a mechanical engineer in building consulting both in Vancouver in Toronto. She holds a P.Eng in BC and Ontario.


prednisone mail order visit their website These events are not open to the public. Unless otherwise specified, these events are intended for the Officers assigned to the VAQ squadrons and their families. We are also pleased to welcome the Electronic Attack community's civilian team members, senior Navy leaders, industry partners, and other invited guests.


text:
Irish vaccine experiments on babies broke Nazi Nuremberg Code rules
Fort Hood hero once worked in Boston area Irish pub
The police officer responsible for shooting the attacker at the massacre in the Fort Hood army base used to work...
KENNETH HAYNES
Sergeant Kimberly D. Munley
The police officer responsible for shooting the attacker at the massacre in the Fort Hood army base used to work in an Irish pub in Newton, Massachusetts, it was revealed.
Boston.com reports that Sergeant Kimberly D. Munley spent a couple years as a waitress at Dunn-Gaherin's bar and restaurant in Newton Upper Falls earlier this decade.
Co-owner Seana Gaherin told Boston.com that since news spread about the Fort Hood hero, patrons have been calling into the pub asking if she was the waitress they knew as Kimberly Barbour.
"I think there's so many people that would love to know that it truly is her," Gaherin said. "We're all happy that she only sustained injuries and she's going to be okay."
The pub owner said that Munley, 34, played on Dunn-Gaherin's softball team and dressed as the Demi Moore character "GI Jane" for Halloween on year.
"She was a tough little lady. She was very energetic," said manager Laura Kenny. "I wasn't entirely surprised to hear that she would have done that. That was definitely her character."
Munley, who is a civilian police officer, shot Army psychiatrist Major Nidal Malik Hasan, ending a shooting rampage that saw 13 killed and at least 28 wounded on Thursday at Fort Hood.
Base commander Lieutenant General Robert Cone said that Munley's actions were "amazing and aggressive."
She was wounded in both of her thighs and her wrist and is in the hospital in stable condition.


This home is packed FULL! Come find treasures among the sterling, costume jewelry, collection of tea cups and saucers, an organ, washer and dryer, and even an Empire nativity yard set. There is something here for everyone. See you Friday and Saturday!
July 25, 2016 in Upcoming Estate Sales.


AVID (Advancement Via Individual Determination) is a program that develops learning, study, and academic behavioral skills that are essential to success in rigorous coursework. In the AVID Elective class, students receive daily instruction and support to prepare them for college from a trained AVID Elective teacher.
AVID places these students on the college track, requiring them to enroll in their school's toughest courses, such as Pre-AP and Advanced Placement. To support them in the rigorous coursework, AVID students learn organizational and study skills, develop critical thinking, learn to ask probing questions, receive academic help from peers and college tutors, and participate in enrichment and motivational activities to make their college dreams a reality.
"I am in AVID because it is guiding me to be who I am supposed to be in life."
"AVID to me means having teachers and classmates supporting and helping you achieve your college/career goals."
"AVID is the key that opens the door to my successful future."
If you would like to make a donation to our AVID program, please click on the link below.
Thank you for your support of Norwalk High School AVID!


text:
Chain Letters
A discussion of the history and various types of chain letters.
Topic: A discussion of the history and various types of chain letters.
Origins: The practice of circulating letters to other parties beyond their original recipients has existed for centuries, so pinpointing the exact origin of chain letters is problematic. While all manner of written materials (letters, speeches, eye-witness accounts, polemics, recipes, cures, prayers) have in the past been circulated to ever-widening circles of recipients, the first full-fledged chain letter recorded by Daniel W. VanArsdale in his massive archive of the genre is dated 1888. If we accept that a true chain letter must contain within its text an explicit instruction to the reader to make copies of the mailing and put them into the hands of a specified number of new recipients, that 1888 date is a defensible notch on the timeline of
history to point to as the moment of origin. If, however, we're willing to settle for an implied instruction to
pass the item to others for their benefit, protection, or well-being, certain written communications dating to the Middle Ages could fairly be considered the first of this sort. In them, their writers set down what they believed to be useful cures, on the understanding that such missives were to be recopied by those who received them then distributed to those people's loved ones, who in turn would themselves recopy these wisdoms to hand to their nearest and dearest. These letters were also sold by peddlers and fortune tellers. The cures detailed therein were typically combinations of recipes for simple nostrums and special prayers to be recited as the concoctions were mixed or administered.
Our modern world sees chain letters of a variety of descriptions circulated by surface mail, fax machine, and in e-mail. While folk cures and accompanying prayers have dropped from favor (as medical information and resources became easier to access, such intelligences became less vital), other sorts of "Send this to five of your friends!" mailings emerged to fill this gap.
Contemporary chain letters fall into five broad categories:
Money-generating (aka pyramid or Ponzi schemes)
Luck-generation (or ill luck avoidance)
Money-generating (pyramid or Ponzi scheme) chain letters hold out the promise of untold riches to those gulled into participating in their circulation. In their most common form, recipients are instructed to send a token set dollar figure ($5, for example) to the name at the top of the group's roll call, strike that name and address from the list of those involved, add their own to the base of the register, recopy the amended letter, and mail it to five of their acquaintances. If all goes according to plan, their small investment will reap them a fortune once their names percolate to the top of the list.
(Pyramid schemes exist in many forms and go by many names. Deserving of particular mention are "gifting circles" or "gifting clubs" wherein folks pay substantial chunks of cash [$5,000, for example] to be included on a chart of like-minded investors, the object being that as new people are added behind them, they will move higher on the diagram one tier at a time until ultimately they occupy the top spot, at which moment they will receive the pool of money accumulated behind them.
Such endeavors have operated under the names of "Elite Activity," "Women Empowering Women," "The Dinner Club," "Spirit of Giving" and so many more that we couldn't possibly ever list them all.)
So much can go wrong with pyramid contrivances that their pitfalls hardly needs explaining. First, for pyramid investments to work, the world would need an endless supply of people, each of them with money in hand and determined to participate in the process. Because each level of the pyramid increases exponentially the throng of investors involved, the numbers soon lose meaning. For instance, suppose the money-generating come-on you received in the mail displayed five names. If everyone in the chain had followed instructions and mailed it to five of their friends, by the time it reached you it had already been through 3,905 pairs of hands, and that only provided the first person listed was the one who began the progression. Add one more level (either from having a sixth name on the roll or through one of the names having already been moved off from the top), and the number involved jumps to 19,530. Add two, and it reaches 97,655.
Second, not everyone is honest, so there will always be those who will simply insert their names near the top of the roll rather than at its base. Names added honestly, therefore, will fail to move up past this ever-changing invisible ceiling (as new people enter the chain, they too will try this trick). Also, that someone receives the circular and passes it along to five acquaintances does not necessarily mean he sent his requisite sum to the name heading the roster.
However, the biggest argument against money-generating chain letters is their illegality. Missives that request money or other items of value and promise substantial returns to the participants are against the law. Sending them through the mail (or delivering them in person or by computer, but mailing money to participate) violates Title 18, United States Code, Section 1302, of the Postal Lottery Statute.
At various times the unscrupulous have tried to circumvent the aspects of money-generating chain letters that render them illegal. One common attempt is the inclusion of the additional step of having participants send recipe cards or other relatively-worthless small items along with the cash, thereby transforming the process into a legitimate enterprise wherein those particular trifles are being vended. Another is to go the opposite way, that is, label all monies involved as "gifts" (see section above about gifting clubs). Yet another is to process as much of the proposition as possible via non-postal routes. However, no matter what technology or plausible-sounding subterfuge (e.g.; sale of credit reports or mailing lists) is used, if at any point anything passes by surface mail, the entire maneuver becomes illegal. Says the USPS:
Recently, high-tech chain letters have begun surfacing. They may be disseminated over the Internet, or may require the copying and mailing of computer disks rather than paper. Regardless of what technology is used to advance the scheme, if the mail is used at any step along the way, it is still illegal.
An example of a "money generating" chain letter:
[Collected via surface mail, 1975]
DO YOU NEED $8,000? ? ? ? ? ?
Let Bill Nelson tell you how I have run one of these promotion letters — four times in the past year. The First time I received $7,000 in cash and around $7,800 the other three. It this letter is continued as it should be, everyone profits! Yes, and don't worry about financing or paying money back. After the first time, you'll see what I mean, and next time you will be more eager and glad. Now, let me give you the complete story and details.
Please forward them and in about 30 days you will be $8,000 richer.
This letter will pay up to $8,000 because there are only four names at all times. Three moves and you are in a position to receive one dollar from each participant. This chain letter was initiated by William Neham from Nashville, Tennessee, for the purpose of investment capital. But, now this has been expanded. Your participation is one dollar to the first person or firm in the Number One position below, while omitting the name to whom you sent the dollar. Then, move the list of names up one place and place your name at the bottom. Mail a copy of this letter to 20 new prospects.
MAIL YOUR LETTERS within 48 HOURS AND DO NOT BREAK THE CHAIN. When your name reaches the Number One position, it will be your turn to collect the fees. They will be sent to you by 8,000 persons like yourself. Please DO NOT BREAK THE CHAIN BECAUSE IT REALLY WORKS!! In fact, I guarantee it, provided you do not break the chain and follow the simple rules above. Try it and see. You are investing ONLY, ONE DOLLAR, and that is all you can lose. Be sure to copy this letter completely. Don't leave any of it out.
Send your report to Imperial Sales Company, 3096 Ivey Avenue, Knoxville, Tennessee 37914. Let us know when your fee was sent and how much you received within nine days. We have at the present time almost 100% return to the people carrying out this letter promotion. The majority received $7,800. If four names should be listed on your promotion, the one in Number One position is omitted, after you send him your one dollar. Then, put your name and address in the Number Four position.
$8,000 is capital absolutely free! Send letters only to people who have secretaries or whom you personally consider "Doers." Look — 20 times 20 times 20 equals 8,000!!!!.
While money-generating chain letters flourish in both the off- and online worlds, "Make Money Fast!" hustles have become so much a part of online culture that they have spawned any number of parodies. This next example is one such howler we particularly treasure:
[Collected on the Internet, 1998]
MAKE CLUBS FAST
Recent evidence has come to light that suggests that pyramid style chain letters may have pre-dated Dave Rhodes by a considerable margin. Palaentologists recently deciphered the following, painted on a cave wall on the slopes of Kilimanjaro.
MAKE SPIKY CLUBS FAST!!!
Hello, not-tribe-member. Urk name Urk. Many moons ago, Urk in bad way. Urk kicked out of cave by Thag. Thag bigger than Urk, Thag take Urk spiky club, Urka (Urk wo-man). Urk not able kill deer, must eat leaves, berries. Urk flee from wolves.
Today, Urk big chief. Urk have best cave, many wives, many spiky clubs. Urk tell how.
WHAT DO: make one spiky club and take to cave places below. Add own cave place to bottom of list, take cave place off top. Put new message on walls many caves. Wait. Many clubs soon come! This not crime! Urk ask shaman, gods say okay.
HERE LIST:
1) Urk
First cave
few) Thag (not that Thag, other Thag)
old dead tree
by lake shaped like mammoth
few) Og
big rock with overhang
near pig game trail
Many) Zog
river caves
where river meet big water
Urk hope not-tribe-member do what Urk say do. That only way it work.
While Urk and his quest for spiky clubs leaves a smile on our faces, the second sort of chain letters provokes the opposite response: a worried frown. Even the most rational and level-headed can't help but feel a bit uneasy when they drop luck-generation chain letters into the nearest trash bin. This type of imploration, which promises good luck even as it threatens ill fortune to rain down on the heads of those who fail to speed it on its way, tends to follow a standard outline. (Not all chain letters of this ilk scrupulously adhere to this formula; certain elements may be omitted in some of the entreaties you encounter.)
Invocation: The letter begins with an admonition to pray, trust the Lord, or kiss someone as an expression of love.
Origins: A description of the person who began the letter (a priest, a saint, a sea captain, a doctor) and where (Great Britain, Italy, the Netherlands) is given. Often included is a claim of the letter's having been around the world a stated number of times.
Success Story: Accounts of the happy circumstances of a few people who followed instructions to send the letter on its way are given, with their rewards (financial windfall, sudden luck in matters of romance, miraculous recovery from illness) described in glowing detail.
Punishment Story: Accounts are given of the setbacks or tragedies (job loss, broken heart, injury or death) that befell a few people who ignored the letter or threw it away.
Instruction and Promise: The recipient is told how many copies of the letter to distribute and is reassured that good luck will swiftly follow.
An example of a contemporary "luck generation" chain letter sent by e-mail.
CASE 1: Kelly Sedey had one wish, for her boyfriend of three years, David Marsden, to propose to her. Then one day when she was out to lunch David proposed! She accepted, but then had to leave because she had a meeting in 20 min. When she got to her office, she noticed on her computer she had e-mail. She checked it, the usual stuff from her friends, but then she saw one that she had never gotten before. was this letter. She *simply deleted it without even reading it all. BIG MISTAKE! Later that evening, she received a phone call from the police. It was about DAVID! He had been in an accident with an 18 wheeler. He didn't survive.
CASE 2: Take Katie Robbenson. She received this letter and being the believer that she was, she sent it to a few of her friends but didn't have enough e-mail addresses to send out the full 10 that you must. Three days later, Katie went to a masquerade ball. Later that night when she left to get to her car to go home, she was killed on the spot by a hit-and-run drunk driver.
CASE 3: Richard S. Willis sent this letter out within 45 minutes of reading it. Not even 4 hours later walking along the street to his new job interveiw with a really big company, when he ran into Cynthia Bell, his secret love for 5 years. Cynthia came up to him and told him of her passionate crush on him that she had had on him for 2 years. Three days later, he proposed to her and they got married. Cynthia and Richard are Still married with three children, happy as ever!
This is the letter:
You must send this on in 3 hours after reading the letter to 10 different people. If you do this, you will receive unbeleveably good luck in love. The person that you are most attracted to will soon return your feelings. If you do not, bad luck will rear it's ugly head at you. THIS IS NOT A JOKE! You have read the warnings, seen the cases, and the consiquences. You MUST send this on or face dreadfuly bad luck.
*NOTE* The more people that you send this to, the better luck you will have.
P.S. I did not make this up,someone sent it to me and I am passing it on! You Send it by clicking forward on the side
The avoidance of ill luck features in numerous chain letters, especially the "crazed killer" sort prized by prepubescent girls who delight in forwarding "a crazed killer or vengeful spirit will come for you if you don't forward this message to others" tales. These next examples were sent by text message via cell phone:
[Collected via e-mail, September 2009]
A picture of a girl with a graduation cap on the caption read: "Hi, my name is Alexis, I am 7 years old about 1 year ago me and my dad got into a big fight, he slit my throat and threw me down the sewer. There was this girl named Alissia and she got the same text message you are getting now and she just erased it and didn't think about it. Later on, around midnight, she heard laughing coming from her bathroom and she quickly sent that message to 10 people. Later on that night, her parents heard laughing and cutting. When they came it to check in the bathroom, Alissia's blood was everywhere. Now that you have read this message about Alissia's death, I must kill you too unless you send this message to 10 people — no send backs. I'll be waiting for you at midnight if you don't do this.
don't ignore this. once a little girl was so obsessed with taking pictures of herself and one day she took a picture of herself and when she looked at herself she thought something wasn't right. she heard a girl laughing and turned… this was the last picture she took before she went missing. they found her in the backyard with scratches and blood everywhere… one girl named Aliie dint belive this and deleted it. that night she heard laughing and went and forwarded this message, but it was too late. an hour later her parents found her in the bathtub covered in blood. fwd this to ten ppl or she will be waiting under your bed at 12 tonight. if you don't belive it, then save the pictures and zoom in to the right bottom corner.
NO SEND BACK!!!!
Piggy back 09
Altruistic chain letters are those that present themselves as seeking benefit for others rather than the financial enrichment or improvement of luck of their recipients/forwarders. Into this category fall prayers for the suffering and collections made on behalf of charitable groups or the needy themselves.
While this form of the genre might indeed be the oldest (according to Daniel W. VanArsdale, the first full-fledged chain letter was of this sort; it called for the donation of dimes to "poor whites in the region of the Cumberlands"), the Internet has added new expressions of it. Many "dying child" hoaxes circulate online, each of them asserting every forward of their supplications will result in benefactors (either named charities or corporations or unnamed millionaires) directing set sums towards the care of the stricken youngsters. While these lack the specificity of "Send this to four people" instructions (they instead direct recipients to "Forward this to everyone you know"), the languishing children are imaginary, and the forwarders add nothing of themselves to the mix (neither prayers nor donations), they are a close enough fit with the altruistic class of chain letters to be considered a legitimate variant.
Closer yet are the myriad prayer requests (e.g., the Delaney Parrish appeal) that have sprung to life on the Internet. While the "Send this to ten people" command is still absent ("Send to as many as you can" and its ilk being used instead), the people being pled for often do exist, with their travails often as described, and those moved to keep the chain going are adding something of themselves (their petitions to God) to the process.
Similarly, various appeals of the "dying child intent upon collecting specific items" nature (e.g.; the Craig Shergold appeal for business cards) are also close fits. While not all entreaties of this sort are on the up-and-up, a fair number are — the children and their situations are real, as are their requests. Those participating in these chains not only pass along the requests to their circles of acquaintance but also themselves donate the items requested and transport them to the youngsters.
Moving to the "something for nothing" category, we find online appeals aimed at augmenting the bank accounts or wardrobes of their participants, bringing them fame, or entertaining them. Of the first sort, the granddaddy of them all is the e-mail tracking hoax: Bill Gates is testing an e-mail tracking program and for taking part by forwarding his note you will receive $1,000. (Or Disney will reward you with a trip for two to Disney World. Or Nike will give you free shoes. Or Veuve-Clicquot will bless you with some gratis champagne. Or Applebees will treat you to a dinner for you and your date. Or, well, the list is endless.) These differ from "money-generating" chain letters in one important way: those involved do not themselves send any of their own money or possessions to anyone else, they merely forward the leg-pulls in the expectation that by doing so the promised goodies will come their way.
A less mercenary example of a "something for nothing" chain letter that plays upon the urge to seek fame rather than fortune is the Guinness World Book of Records hoax which states as its goal the establishment of a world record. For years, children have been gulled into participating in these mailings by the promise of their names being listed in that fabled book if the chain is kept alive long enough for a record to be set. More recently a snail mail version has supplemented the e-mail jape of the same design, so the hoax exists in both the offline and online worlds.
"Something for nothing" e-mail chain letters that hold out as the forwarders' reward the promise of entertainment are a form of practical joke of the "Made you look foolish" variety. Potential victims are told their sending these e-mails to the requisite number of new people (as spelled out in proposition) will cause them to receive the next installments of intriguing stories they have become caught up in reading or their computers to spontaneously begin playing either humorous animated clips (e.g. Ronald McDonald beating up the Taco Bell dog) or videos of lusted-after celebrities caught off-guard doing naughty things. But of course the promised carrots never arrive; the next chapters of novelettes fail to mail themselves and videos don't spring to life. We detail a great many such hokey come-ons in our Clip Artless article.
We now come to the final category of chain letter: Humor. Though these offerings mimic the form taken by their money-generating cousins, those who receive them don't mistake them for anything other than jokes. These mailings are solely meant to provoke rueful smiles or outright guffaws among those they are happily flung to; they are not intended to prompt recipients to actually mail off the items or persons described in hopes of getting back a great many more of like nature. For instance, one well-known humor chain letter instructs dissatisfied wives to bundle up their good-for-nothing husbands and mail them to the woman whose name appears at the head of the list; when the senders' names arise to the top spot they are guaranteed to receive thousands of similarly-discarded spouses, some of which might prove worth keeping (the implication being that most will not). Yet don't break the chain, admonishes the letter — one woman who did got her own husband back!
Barbara "return to sender" Mikkelson
Ponzi Schemes (Securities and Exchange Commission)
Pyramid Schemes (Securities and Exchange Commission)
Gifting Clubs (Federal Trade Commission)
Degh, Linda. Legend and Belief.
London: Souvenir Press, 1978. 0-285-63396-1 (pp. 189-193).
Waring, Philippa. A Dictionary of Omens and Superstitions.
Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2001. 0-253-33929-4 (p. 52).


text:
An ActiveRecord plugin that helps to denormalize your existing ActiveRecord models.

It provides an easier way to denormalize/flatten normalized records, and generation the table schema.

## Example

Existing normalized tables

| orders  | customers |  line_items |
|:-------|:---------|:-----------|
|     id       | id   | id          |
| customer_id  | name | description |
| discount     |      | total       |
| total        |      | order_id    |

Denormalized table, generated by flatten_record

|denormalized_orders|
|:-------------------|
| id                |
| order_id          |
| discount          |
| total             |
| customer_id       |
| customer_name     |
| line_item_id      |
| line_item_description |
| line_item_total       |
| line_items_sum  (custom column)  |
| total_in_usd    (custom column)      |

## Usage

Add gem dependency

    gem 'flatten_record'

Include module in your newly defined model

	include FlattenRecord::Flattener

### Define denormalization
    class DenormalizedOrder < ActiveRecord::Base
    	include FlattenRecord::Flattener

    	denormalize :order, {

    	    # specifying association
      		include: {
      			# :belongs_to association
      			customer: {}

      			# :has_many association, create multiple denormalized records
      			line_items: {}

          	},

			# save results of methods defined in Normalized model
          	methods: {
          		total_in_usd: :decimal
          	},

			# compute results of methods defined in Denormalized model
          	compute: {
          		line_items_sum: { type: :decimal, default: 0 }
          	}
    	}

    	private
    	def compute_line_items_sum(order)
      		order.line_items.collect(&:total).inject(:+)
    	end
    end

	class Order < ActiveRecord::Base
		def total_in_usd
			# calculation
		end
	end

### Generate migration file
Generate migration file based on the definition

    $ rails generate flatten_record:migration denormalized_order
	  create  db/migrate/20140313034700_create_table_denormalized_orders.rb
Update definition and generate new migration file

    $ rails generate flatten_record:migration denormalized_order
    Warning. Table already exists: denormalized_orders
	Generating migration based on the difference..
	Add columns: line_items_description
      create  db/migrate/20140313034736_add_line_items_description_to_denormalized_orders.rb

### Use denormalizer methods
Create record

	irb(main)> DenormalizedOrder.create_with(order)

Deleting record(s)

	irb(main)> DenormalizedOrder.destroy_with(order)

Update record(s)

	irb(main)> DenormalizedOrder.update_with(order)

## API Documentation/Development/Discussion

Refer to the [wiki](https://github.com/alvinsj/flatten_record/wiki).

## Versions

#####v1
- tree-based denormalization: nicer code & structure √
- new DSL + syntax √
(Credit to [@scottharvey](https://github.com/scottharvey)'s issue [#6](https://github.com/alvinsj/flatten_record/issues/6))
- added :prefix option - use your own column prefix √
- added :methods option - save normalized model's method √
(Credit to [@scottharvey](https://github.com/scottharvey)'s idea)
- change to old :save option to :compute option √
(Credit to [@scottharvey](https://github.com/scottharvey)'s idea)
- deprecate observer √

#####v0
- denormalize fields and nested fields √
- denormalize belongs_to, has_many typed associations √
- generate migration from denormalized model √
- observe model changes and update denormalized model √

## Contributors
- [@scottharvey](https://github.com/scottharvey)

## License
see MIT-LICENSE.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The midi you are listening to is a tradional tune called, 'The Nightingales Sing', also known as 'The Grenadier and the Lady'.
You are looking at the Cannon Street Railway Bridge across the River Thames. This bridge, also called, Alexandra Bridge, carries trains into Cannon Street Station. It was built in the 1860's and widened in the 1890's.


This is a poplar removal we conducted in Castlecrag. The customer should have had a tree assessment to prevent such extensive damage to the tree as the tree could have been treated. The customer risked the spread of disease to neighbouring trees by letting the problem go untreated. It is crucial that at first sign of a tree looking a bit dodgy that you get a tree assessment conducted on it as soon as possible. Early detection is key to preventing a host of problems. Needless to say, the customer was very happy with our tree removal services and was thrilled with the end result.


text:
/**********************************************************\

  This file is distributed under the MIT License.
  See https://github.com/morzhovets/momo/blob/master/LICENSE
  for details.

  momo/details/HashBucketOpen2N2.h

  namespace momo:
    class HashBucketOpen2N2

\**********************************************************/

#ifndef MOMO_INCLUDE_GUARD_DETAILS_HASH_BUCKET_OPEN2N2
#define MOMO_INCLUDE_GUARD_DETAILS_HASH_BUCKET_OPEN2N2

#include "BucketUtility.h"
#include "../ObjectManager.h"

namespace momo
{

namespace internal
{
	template<typename TItemTraits, size_t tMaxCount, bool tUseHashCodePartGetter>
	class BucketOpen2N2 : public BucketBase
	{
	protected:
		typedef TItemTraits ItemTraits;

		static const bool useHashCodePartGetter = tUseHashCodePartGetter;

	public:
		static const size_t maxCount = tMaxCount;
		MOMO_STATIC_ASSERT(0 < maxCount && maxCount < 4);

		static const bool isNothrowAddableIfNothrowCreatable = true;

		typedef typename ItemTraits::Item Item;
		typedef typename ItemTraits::MemManager MemManager;

		typedef std::reverse_iterator<Item*> Iterator;
		typedef ArrayBounds<Iterator> Bounds;

		typedef BucketParamsOpen<MemManager> Params;

	private:
		template<size_t count, bool useHashCodePartGetter>
		struct HashData;

		template<size_t count>
		struct HashData<count, false>
		{
			union
			{
				uint16_t shortHashes[count];
				uint8_t hashProbes[count];
			};
		};

		template<size_t count>
		struct HashData<count, true>
		{
			uint8_t shortHashes[count];
			uint8_t hashProbes[count];
		};

		typedef typename UIntSelector<useHashCodePartGetter ? 1 : 2>::UInt ShortHash;

		static const size_t hashCodeShift = sizeof(size_t) * 8 - sizeof(ShortHash) * 8 + 1;
		static const ShortHash emptyShortHash = ShortHash{1} << (sizeof(ShortHash) * 8 - 1);
		static const uint8_t emptyHashProbe = 255;

		static const size_t logBucketCountStep = 8;
		static const size_t logBucketCountAddend = 6;

	public:
		explicit BucketOpen2N2() noexcept
		{
			pvSetEmpty();
		}

		BucketOpen2N2(const BucketOpen2N2&) = delete;

		~BucketOpen2N2() noexcept
		{
			MOMO_ASSERT(pvGetCount() == 0);
		}

		BucketOpen2N2& operator=(const BucketOpen2N2&) = delete;

		Bounds GetBounds(Params& /*params*/) noexcept
		{
			return Bounds(Iterator(&mItems[0] + maxCount), pvGetCount());
		}

		template<bool first, typename Predicate>
		MOMO_FORCEINLINE Iterator Find(Params& /*params*/, const Predicate& pred, size_t hashCode)
		{
			ShortHash shortHash = pvCalcShortHash(hashCode);
			for (size_t i = 0; i < maxCount; ++i)
			{
				if (mHashData.shortHashes[i] == shortHash && pred(*&mItems[i]))
					return Iterator(&mItems[i] + 1);
			}
			return Iterator();
		}

		bool IsFull() const noexcept
		{
			return mHashData.shortHashes[0] < emptyShortHash;
		}

		bool WasFull() const noexcept
		{
			return true;
		}

		size_t GetMaxProbe(size_t /*logBucketCount*/) const noexcept
		{
			return pvGetMaxProbe();
		}

		void UpdateMaxProbe(size_t probe) noexcept
		{
			if (probe == 0 || probe <= pvGetMaxProbe())
				return;
			if (probe <= size_t{255})
			{
				mState[0] = static_cast<uint8_t>(probe);
				return;
			}
			pvUpdateMaxProbe(probe);
		}

		void Clear(Params& /*params*/) noexcept
		{
			pvSetEmpty();
		}

		template<typename ItemCreator>
		Iterator AddCrt(Params& /*params*/, ItemCreator&& itemCreator, size_t hashCode,
			size_t logBucketCount, size_t probe)
			noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<ItemCreator>(itemCreator)(std::declval<Item*>())))
		{
			size_t count = pvGetCount();
			MOMO_ASSERT(count < maxCount);
			Item* newItem = &mItems[maxCount - 1 - count];
			std::forward<ItemCreator>(itemCreator)(newItem);
			mHashData.shortHashes[maxCount - 1 - count] = pvCalcShortHash(hashCode);
			if (useHashCodePartGetter)
			{
				uint8_t& hashProbe = mHashData.hashProbes[maxCount - 1 - count];
				size_t probeShift = pvGetProbeShift(logBucketCount);
				if (probe < (size_t{1} << probeShift))
					hashProbe = static_cast<uint8_t>(((hashCode >> logBucketCount) << probeShift) | probe);
				else
					hashProbe = emptyHashProbe;
			}
			++mState[1];
			return Iterator(newItem + 1);
		}

		template<typename ItemReplacer>
		Iterator Remove(Params& /*params*/, Iterator iter, ItemReplacer&& itemReplacer)
		{
			size_t count = pvGetCount();
			size_t index = UIntMath<>::Dist(&mItems[0], std::addressof(*iter));
			MOMO_ASSERT(index >= maxCount - count);
			std::forward<ItemReplacer>(itemReplacer)(*&mItems[maxCount - count], *&mItems[index]);
			mHashData.shortHashes[index] = mHashData.shortHashes[maxCount - count];
			mHashData.shortHashes[maxCount - count] = emptyShortHash;
			if (useHashCodePartGetter)
				mHashData.hashProbes[index] = mHashData.hashProbes[maxCount - count];
			--mState[1];
			return iter;
		}

		template<typename HashCodeFullGetter>
		size_t GetHashCodePart(const HashCodeFullGetter& hashCodeFullGetter, Iterator iter,
			size_t bucketIndex, size_t logBucketCount, size_t newLogBucketCount)
		{
			if (!useHashCodePartGetter)
				return hashCodeFullGetter();
			size_t index = UIntMath<>::Dist(&mItems[0], std::addressof(*iter));
			uint8_t hashProbe = mHashData.hashProbes[index];
			bool useFullGetter = (hashProbe == emptyHashProbe ||
				(logBucketCount + logBucketCountAddend) / logBucketCountStep
				!= (newLogBucketCount + logBucketCountAddend) / logBucketCountStep);
			if (useFullGetter)
				return hashCodeFullGetter();
			size_t probeShift = pvGetProbeShift(logBucketCount);
			MOMO_ASSERT(probeShift > 0);
			size_t probe = size_t{hashProbe} & ((size_t{1} << probeShift) - 1);
			size_t probe2 = (probe % 2 == 0) ? (probe / 2) * (probe + 1) : probe * ((probe + 1) / 2);
			size_t bucketCount = size_t{1} << logBucketCount;
			return ((bucketIndex - probe2) & (bucketCount - 1))
				| ((size_t{hashProbe} >> probeShift) << logBucketCount)
				| (size_t{mHashData.shortHashes[index]} << hashCodeShift);
		}

		static size_t GetNextBucketIndex(size_t bucketIndex, size_t /*hashCode*/,
			size_t bucketCount, size_t probe) noexcept
		{
			return (bucketIndex + probe) & (bucketCount - 1);	// quadratic probing
		}

	private:
		size_t pvGetCount() const noexcept
		{
			return size_t{mState[1]} & 3;
		}

		void pvSetEmpty() noexcept
		{
			std::fill_n(mHashData.shortHashes, maxCount, ShortHash{emptyShortHash});
			mState[0] = uint8_t{0};
			mState[1] = uint8_t{0};
		}

		static ShortHash pvCalcShortHash(size_t hashCode) noexcept
		{
			return static_cast<ShortHash>(hashCode >> hashCodeShift);
		}

		static size_t pvGetProbeShift(size_t logBucketCount) noexcept
		{
			return (logBucketCount + logBucketCountAddend + 1) % logBucketCountStep;
		}

		size_t pvGetMaxProbe() const noexcept
		{
			return size_t{mState[0]} << (mState[1] >> 2);
		}

		MOMO_NOINLINE void pvUpdateMaxProbe(size_t probe) noexcept
		{
			size_t maxProbe0 = probe - 1;
			size_t maxProbe1 = 0;
			while (maxProbe0 >= size_t{255})
			{
				maxProbe0 >>= 1;
				++maxProbe1;
			}
			mState[0] = static_cast<uint8_t>(maxProbe0) + 1;
			mState[1] &= uint8_t{3};
			mState[1] |= static_cast<uint8_t>(maxProbe1 << 2);
		}

	private:
		uint8_t mState[2];
		HashData<maxCount, useHashCodePartGetter> mHashData;
		ObjectBuffer<Item, ItemTraits::alignment> mItems[maxCount];
	};
}

template<size_t tMaxCount = 3>
class HashBucketOpen2N2 : public internal::HashBucketBase
{
public:
	static const size_t maxCount = tMaxCount;

	template<typename ItemTraits, bool useHashCodePartGetter>
	using Bucket = internal::BucketOpen2N2<ItemTraits, maxCount, useHashCodePartGetter>;

public:
	static size_t CalcCapacity(size_t bucketCount, size_t /*bucketMaxItemCount*/) noexcept
	{
		return static_cast<size_t>(static_cast<double>(bucketCount * maxCount) / 12.0 * 11.0);
	}

	static size_t GetBucketCountShift(size_t /*bucketCount*/,
		size_t /*bucketMaxItemCount*/) noexcept
	{
		return 1;
	}
};

} // namespace momo

#endif // MOMO_INCLUDE_GUARD_DETAILS_HASH_BUCKET_OPEN2N2