Robinsonade, any novel written in imitation of Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe (1719–22) that deals with the problem of the castaway's survival on a desert island.
One of the best known robinsonades is Swiss Family Robinson (1812–27) by Johann Rudolf Wyss, in which a shipwrecked clergyman, his wife, and his four sons manage not only to survive on their island but also to discover the good life. Jules Verne strands his castaways in Mysterious Island (1874) with only one match, one grain of wheat, a metal dog collar, and two watches. From these beginnings they build up an impressive island industry. In the 20th century the flowering of science fiction produced a new type of robinsonade in which castaways struggle to survive in outer space or on distant planets.


text:
Q: Unfortunately, a fatal error has occurred. Please see the Bundler troubleshooting documentation I have just been running into some issues upgrading from ruby 1.9.3-p194 to 1.9.3-p286 with RVM. I've managed to fix them all until now, when I run the bundler I get the following:
~/rp/tp[master*]$ bundle update

Unfortunately, a fatal error has occurred. Please see the Bundler
troubleshooting documentation at http://bit.ly/bundler-issues. Thanks!
/home/robin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p286/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require': libcrypto.so.0.9.8: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory - /home/robin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p286/lib/ruby/1.9.1/x86_64-linux/digest/sha1.so (LoadError)
    from /home/robin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p286/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require'
    from /home/robin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/gems/bundler-1.2.1/lib/bundler/definition.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
    from /home/robin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/gems/bundler-1.2.1/lib/bundler.rb:144:in `definition'
    from /home/robin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/gems/bundler-1.2.1/lib/bundler/cli.rb:279:in `update'
    from /home/robin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/gems/bundler-1.2.1/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/task.rb:27:in `run'
    from /home/robin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/gems/bundler-1.2.1/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/invocation.rb:120:in `invoke_task'
    from /home/robin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/gems/bundler-1.2.1/lib/bundler/vendor/thor.rb:275:in `dispatch'
    from /home/robin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/gems/bundler-1.2.1/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/base.rb:408:in `start'
    from /home/robin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/gems/bundler-1.2.1/bin/bundle:14:in `block in <top (required)>'
    from /home/robin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/gems/bundler-1.2.1/lib/bundler/friendly_errors.rb:4:in `with_friendly_errors'
    from /home/robin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/gems/bundler-1.2.1/bin/bundle:14:in `<top (required)>'
    from /home/robin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/bin/bundle:19:in `load'
    from /home/robin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/bin/bundle:19:in `<main>'
    from /home/robin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `eval'
    from /home/robin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `<main>'

A: make sure all libraries are installed properly, RVM shows the required libraries and how to install them:
rvm requirements

it is important you remove all other versions of openssl and leave only one matching versions of openssl + openssl-dev(el).
After this you need to reinstall ruby:
rvm reinstall 1.9.3

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Just when I think I've seen everything from the Obama White House, this floats along. Incredible! Not accomplishing anything of any POSITIVE substance apparently means spending the evening reading your predecessor's resumes, then tacking your name on the end in 'ditto' fashion. Incredible and shameful. The following are some of which I theorize didn't make the cut…I'd love to see what bcclister's come up with also!
George Washington signed the U.S. Constitution. Barack Obama shredded it by signing the U.S. Health Care 'overhaul'.
Theodore Roosevelt was the first president to travel outside of the continental United States while in office. In 1906, he traveled to Panama. Barack Obama was born…nevermind.
Bill Clinton lied about his relationship with 22 year old Monica Lewinsky, resulting in impeachment proceedings by the U.S. House following the 1998 Congressional elections. Barack Obama said he would largely solve the insoluble cost problem of Obama Care by eliminating "hundreds of billions of dollars in waste and fraud" from Medicare.
President Abraham Lincoln signed legislation that established the Department of Agriculture. Obama had a ham sandwich for lunch today.
And last but certainly not least: President George W. Bush served 2 terms as U.S. President. Obama needs help packing up his things in January when Romney is elected.
This entry was posted in Your Inbox Misses Me by perhapsim2right. Bookmark the permalink.
I am an Oklahoman, proud to be a part of rural America, staunch in my conservative perspective, and appreciate the 'endangered species: common sense".


"That's depressing," Anchorage stand-up comic Matt Burgoon said after I told him Alaska Dispatch News was interested in running a story about Anchorage's stand-up scene.
Burgoon, who during a set said he "looks like Macaulay Culkin if he let himself go," is a member of a small, but dedicated group of comics who perform nearly every Wednesday and Sunday during open-mic night at Chilkoot Charlie's. In the winter between 10 to 15 audience members typically filled the barroom. Despite the small crowds, Burgoon structures his life around stand-up. He schedules his college classes around open mics and annoys his girlfriend late at night asking her opinion about jokes that pop into his head.
Matt Collins is a KWHL DJ by day and Koot's open mic host by night. He's been telling jokes on Anchorage stages for seven years. In 2015, he performed more than 100 times in venues across the city, mostly at Koot's.
"It can get really demoralizing, sometimes, doing open mics," Collins said. "We'll have weeks, months where no one shows up and it will just be the comics, and then you're just telling a joke to an empty room. Nothing is more isolating than that kind of feeling."
Still, about a dozen comedians show up night after night. When people do come, they're laughing. The comics perform for each other as much as their audience. They view open mic as a way to cut their teeth on new material and test it out on one another. Even if no one's there, they still go at it.
Editor's note: The audio clips below include mature content.
"We've been doing it together for a while," Burgoon said. "There's a core group. We go to everyone's birthday parties and stuff like that. We're pretty incestuous."
Money doesn't drive these comics, who are mostly men in their late 20s and early 30s. There's no way to make a living, or even supplement an income, performing comedy in Anchorage. Passion for the craft drives them, which makes the shows fun to watch, because they're having a hell of a good time.
"The reason I still do it here (in Anchorage) is because I love getting on stage and doing it," Burgoon said. "I love telling jokes, that feeling you get after you tell a joke and then everyone starts laughing, it's like, 'Hell yeah. I did that to you.' I made everyone have a reaction and laugh. It's a really good feeling."
The comedians also organize comedy showcases at venues like Tap Root Public House and Hard Rock Cafe. Unlike an open mic, where anybody can get onstage and talk for five minutes, showcases are by invitation only. They occur every few months and are more highly attended.
Between biweekly open mics and showcases, the comics' material is surprisingly varied. If a joke didn't hit, they recalibrate and deliver the material in a different, mostly better way another night.
Collins tries to perform new material as often as possible. He views stand-up comedy philosophically, as a way to live an examined life, and to connect with others through humor. He carries a notebook, his daily observations and thoughts stuffed in the pages that will ultimately become a story to tell.
"The great thing about stand-up and storytelling is that you get to share that kind of (unique) life experience," Collins said. "I get to hear people talk about their lives that I would never have met unless I was doing this."
Like many comedians interviewed, Collins credited former Koot's events manager Greg Chaille, who at one time managed Mitch Hedberg, with regularly bringing in larger crowds. Tapping his industry contacts, he'd bring headliners to town, sometimes twice a month, and the best local talent would open the set. Chaille's since moved on, and it's left an organizational hole the locals are trying to fill, along with trying to recruit new talent into the fold.
Many of the newer Anchorage comics started as audience members. The more seasoned locals, especially Collins, encourage newbies to try it out.
"At this level it's so accessible to everyone," Collins said. "If you come to enough open mics you will wind up trying stand-up comedy. You will see so many people fail at a joke or have a joke hit that you think, 'Oh my God, I've had that same thought. I can do that.' If that person can do it, then I sure can as well."
Katelynn Sortino is one such person. The 27-year-old social worker, who joked onstage about once accidentally dating a convicted murderer on Tinder, first did standup about five months ago, three months after she saw an open mic advertised on a flier and began attending. The comedians found out Sortino started writing her own jokes and pushed her to perform.
"It was nerve-wracking and I was shaking," Sortino said of her first time on the Koot's stage.
"I've done public speaking before but I've never done a vulnerable thing like this. I thought, 'This is my sense of humor, and I'm putting it on display and you might not like it and it might be super embarrassing but I'm going to try it anyway.' "
She got some laughs and ended up enjoying the experience. The second time around things fell flat, she didn't get as many laughs, but she said the other comedians picked her up and dusted her off.
"They're super supportive," Sortino said. "A lot of the comedians who participate in open mic here do it because the community is so welcoming and encouraging."
At the time of our interview Sortino had performed at six open mics and one showcase. Despite her success in the local scene, and similar to several other comics interviewed, she said performing professional stand-up is not on her agenda.
"I think it's more of a hobby," Sortino said. "I don't plan on ever going pro. For me it's just something I enjoy doing. It makes me think of the world differently."
Perhaps local comic Rudy Ascott summed it up best after a Koot's audience member heckled him and the evening's entertainment as "amateur hour."
It'd only be insulting, he said, if he "aspired to be anything other than amateur."
It was the best joke of the night.


On Friday, NSS volunteers of State Inter-College Horawala took out a voter awareness rally in Kothada Santoor village to ensure maximum voting in the Lok Sabha elections. Also, the drafts of reference were filled up by the people.
In the rally, volunteers went door to door and made people aware of voting. Programme Officer Lalit Chaturvedi said that the biggest achievement after independence is the country's democratic system. This arrangement of the election process is considered to be the biggest festival. Therefore, every person should vote in the festival of democracy. Programme Officer said that the day of polling should not be considered as a day of rest from work. Said that voting is a true loyalty to the country. By voting, a government that is thinking right about the development of the country is formed.


text:
Gears of War Wiki
Gears of War (PC)
RAAM's Shadow
Kilo Squad: The Survivor's Log
Stand-Alone Issues
Booklets, Guides & Art books
Destroyed Beauty
Beneath the Surface
The Art of Gears of War
The Art of Gears of War 3
The Poster Collection
Gears of War Soundtrack
Gears of War 2 Soundtrack
Gears of War: Judgment Soundtrack
Epic Games Poland
Gears of War (film)
Gears of War: The Board Game
Gears of War Figures
The COG
Locust Horde
Lambent
The Swarm
The UIR
Pendulum Wars
Locust War
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Stranded Insurgency
Mark 2 Lancer
Snub Pistol
Hammerburst II
Boomshot
Gnasher
Longshot Sniper Rifle
Torque Bow
Hammer of Dawn
Markza
Assault Derrick
Packhorse
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Locust Gunboat
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Bloodmount
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Corpser
Reaver
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Serapede
Wretch
Lambent Mutations
Lambent Stalk
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Lambent Wretch
Lambent Human
Lambent Drone
Lambent Drudge
Lambent Gunker
Lambent Berserker
Lambent Leviathan
Lambent Brumak
COG Leadership
Chairman Richard Prescott
General Bardry Salaman
Colonel Victor Hoffman
Colonel Ezra Loomis
Captain Quentin Michaelson
Captain Paul Dury
Major Gill Gettner
Lieutenant Anya Stroud
2nd Lieutenant Donneld Mathieson
Professor Adam Fenix
Delta-One
Marcus Fenix
Dominic Santiago
Damon Baird
Augustus Cole
Jace Stratton
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Minh Young Kim
Anthony Carmine
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Other Gears
Dizzy Wallin
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Alex Brand
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Sofia Hendrik
Padrick Salton
Drew Rossi
Bai Tak
Locust Leadership
Queen Myrrah
High General Sraak
General RAAM
General Karn
High Priest Skorge
Unidentified Theron Elite
Scarred Kantus
Aaron Griffin
Franklin Tsoko
Maria Santiago
Ash Man
Thecelia
Lyle Ollivar
Yori Deschenko
Miran Trescu
Garron Paduk
Yanik Laas
Teodor Marisc
Gears of War Fanon
in: Real World articles, Gears of War, Gears of War 2,
Gears of War (franchise)
This article is about the Real World
"Sure, the IP can be a billion dollar one, but when you're Rule 34'd is when you've truly arrived as a fictional universe."
Gears of War is an award winning, bestselling science fiction video game franchise, created by Epic Games, currently developed by The Coalition, owned and published by Xbox Game Studios (previously known as Microsoft Game Studios). The trilogy, prequel and two sequels that currently make up the series take place on the planet Sera and focus on a war between humans and creatures known as the Locust Horde. In Gears of War, the protagonist Marcus Fenix, a soldier or "Gear" in the Coalition of Ordered Governments, leads his squad on a mission to deploy the Lightmass Bomb and destroy the Locust Horde in their underground strongholds. The sequel Gears of War 2 takes place six months after the events of the first game, and follows Delta Squad and the COG Army as it launches an assault directly against the Hollow in an effort to end the war. The second sequel Gears of War 3 takes places 2 years after the second game, when Marcus and his team have to combat the growing threat of the Lambent and rescue his father Adam Fenix from the Locust Horde. The prequel Gears of War: Judgment takes the players back before events of the original trilogy to the immediate aftermath of Emergence Day. Following Kilo Squad, led by Damon Baird and Augustus Cole, as they fight to save the city of Halvo Bay from an unstoppable enemy. Gears of War: Ultimate Edition is a remastered version of the original Gears of War, repackaged with brand new content. The third sequel Gears of War 4 takes place 25 years after the end of the Locust War and follows JD Fenix - the son of Marcus Fenix and Anya Stroud - as he and his friends investigate a new mysterious threat responsible for disappearances of entire populations of multiple human settlements. The fourth sequel Gears 5 follows Kait Diaz, an ex-Outsider, who after joining the COG Army tries to uncover the origins of the Locust Horde and her connection to the enemy as a new war begins. Microsoft also announced 2 spin-offs of the series - Gears Pop! and Gears Tactics. Numerous comics and novels expand on the events, characters and backstory of the Gears universe.
1 Setting
3 Main Cast
4 Games and Expansions
4.1 Gears of War
4.2 Gears of War 2
4.3.1 RAAM's Shadow
4.4 Gears of War: Judgment
4.5 Gears of War: Ultimate Edition
4.7 Gears Pop!
4.8 Gears 5
4.9 Gears Tactics
6 Adaptations
8 Crossovers
Setting[]
The Gears franchise takes place on the planet Sera. The planet Sera has a history of conflict that took the planet to the brink of destruction. This shocked the people into a rejection of their destructive ways, leading to a golden age. Although most conflict was solved peacefully, civil liberties and crime remained troublesome social issues. A golden age of culture, science, and the arts.[1] Yet one problem stood prominent above the rest: energy. Sera's sources of petroleum and nuclear fuel were not sufficient to meet the global demand. Imulsion - with its promise of near limitless energy - was thought to be the solution to mankind's great need.[2]
Humans discovered the liquid Imulsion that flows underground that became a key power source. The value of Imulsion led to a seventy nine-year war over the substance, fought between the Coalition of Ordered Governments and the Union of Independent Republics, until the COG won the war. Shortly after peace settled, however, humans were attacked across the planet from the Locust, a race of beings that dug their way out from underground. Much of humanity was wiped out on the first Locust attack, otherwise known as Emergence Day, and the remaining humans gathered their numbers on Jacinto Plateau, a mass of hard rock the Locust could not burrow through; the humans that could not make it became known as the Stranded, and took shelter among the ruins. COG then employed a "scorched earth" policy by turning orbital lasers across the surface of the planet to deny the Locust any spoils of war. The COG forces and the Locust continue to battle, each side desiring the complete destruction of the other.
The campaign mode of the series has focused on the character of Marcus Fenix, a COG soldier formally imprisoned for abandoning his duty post during the early Locust attacks to save his father, Adam Fenix, a key scientist studying the Locust. At the start of the first game, Marcus is rescued from the abandoned prison facility by his best friend, Dominic "Dom" Santiago, who had lost his wife Maria during the Locust attacks and has been looking for her since. Marcus, after his rescue, is readmitted to the COG force and promoted to lead Delta Squad. They are later joined by Augustus Cole, a star "thrashball" player before Emergence Day, and Damon Baird, the squad's mechanic.
The events of Gears of War 4 take place 25 years after the end of the wars with the Locust and Lambent. The Coalition of Ordered Governments turned into an authoritarian dictatorship and finds itself at odds with Outsiders - Independent groups of people who want to live free lives outside the COG jurisdiction. To protect the recovering populationthe, the COG now uses autonomous bots known as "DeeBees" to perform dangerous task and builds automated, walled cities known as "Settlements" in order to protect its people from windflares - Extreme weather phenomena that started appearing on Sera after the use of the Imulsion Countermeasure Weapon. After the war ended, indestructible crystals covered the Locust bodies, forcing the COG to seal them in various underground locations scattered all over Sera. As the COG and the Outsiders fight each other, entire populations of multiple human settlements start disappearing...
Gameplay[]
Gears of War is a third person shooter game, with its core concepts being derived from Resident Evil 4's "over the shoulder" perspective, kill.switch's cover system, and Bionic Commando's swinging action akin to moving between points of cover.[3] The series focuses on using cover to tactically engage the enemy in battle to avoid taking damage. While behind cover, the player can fire blindly and inaccurately at their opponent, or can look around the cover and aim carefully, though exposing himself to enemy fire; the player can also sidle along cover, move between nearby cover, or vault over cover to race to a new point of cover. While "roadie-running" if a player hits a piece of cover, they will automatically slam into cover against it. As the player takes damage, the "Crimson Omen" appears on the HUD, becoming more defined as the player nears low health levels. The player can regenerate their health by staying out of harm's way for a short bit. Should the player take too much damage, they will become incapacitated unless revived by a teammate; depending on game mode, the player may be able to recover from this state on their own, or may die after a short amount of time if not revived. When a combatant is down, a member of the other side may also attempt to execute the downed player via a "curb stomp" or other brutal method. Some types of damage will immediately kill the player with no chance of revival, such as explosive damage or a headshot.
Players in Gears can only carry four different weapons: one pistol-type weapon, up to four grenades of a specific type, and two other weapons which include assault rifles, sniper rifles, a shotgun, and rocket launchers. Players can either obtain ammo or swap out their current weapons with any weapon dropped by a downed foe or from those scattered around the various maps. Most weapons feature the "Active Reload" ability: either after a weapon has run out of an ammo clip or when the player starts a manual reload, a meter is shown on screen, and the player can attempt to stop the meter in a certain marked area. If the player stops the meter in the marked area, their reload will be completed faster than if they didn't attempt an Active Reload, and if the player can stop the meter at a specific section of the marked area, they will gain a slight damage boost with each reloaded shot. If the player stops the meter outside this area, their gun will become temporarily jammed and slow down the reload time. While most of the weapons are based on standard shooter archetypes, Gears' signature weapon is the Lancer, an assault rifle that has a mounted chainsaw bayonet which can be used in close quarters combat to instantly kill a foe. The chainsaw bayonet, however, will lower itself if the player is taking damage. Most other weapons also can be used to bash opponents in melee, or in the case of grenades, can be stuck to a foe, exploding a few seconds later.
Both Gears games feature a single player mode that can be played co-operatively with one other player. The two players take the roles of two COG soldiers, Marcus Fenix and Dominic Santiago, respectively, as they fight the Locust. At various times, the campaign will offer a choice of paths the first player can select; if the second player is present, they will forced to take the other path. In these areas, both players generally have to work together to get them both through the section, such as by one player providing covering fire while the second player opens a switch that allows the first player to then proceed. The campaign mode features several levels of difficulties.
The competitive multiplayer mode in both games feature up to ten players split between COG and Locust forces in a number of gameplay types. Modes include "Warzone" and "Execution", both similar to a typical deathmatch, and "Annex" and "King of the Hill" where teams have to control a marked zone on the map.
Main Cast[]
John DiMaggio John DiMaggio
Carlos Ferro Carlos Ferro
Lester Speight Lester Speight
Fred Tatasciore Fred Tatasciore
Eugene Byrd
Kait Diaz
Rick Wasserman
Ali Hillis
Chris Cox Chris Cox
Victor Hoffman
Jamie Alcroft Jamie Alcroft
Anya Stroud
Nan McNamara Nan McNamara
Carolyn Seymour Carolyn Seymour
Adam Fenix
Charles Cioffi Peter Renaday
Nolan North Michael B. Jordan Justin Shaw
Claudia Black Claudia Black
Robin Atkin Downes Robin Atkin Downes Robin Atkin Downes
Michael Gough
Dee Bradley Baker
Peter Jason
Skorge
Charles Cioffi Dwight Schultz
Courtney Ford
Niles Samson
Robin Atkin Downes Robin Atkin Downes
Tess Masters Tess Masters
Michael Gough Michael Gough Michael Gough
Ezra Pound Loomis
Bruce Thomas
Reyna Diaz
Justina Machado
Oscar Diaz
Jimmy Smits Al Rodrigo
Mina Jinn
Angel Desai
Fahz Chutani
Rahul Kohli
Elizabeth Carmine
Sarah Elmaleh
Trisha Miller
Games and Expansions[]
Gears of War[]
Main article: Gears of War
Gears of War is a tactical third-person shooter video game developed by Epic Games and published by Microsoft Game Studios. It was initially released as an exclusive title for the Xbox 360 on November 7, 2006 in North America, and on November 17, 2006 in Europe.[4] Gears of War follows Delta Squad's efforts to help deploy a Lightmass bomb deep in the Locust tunnels to wipe out the Locust threat. The game is playable on the Xbox One through backwards compatibility and is a part of the Xbox Game Pass subscription.
Gears of War 2[]
Main article: Gears of War 2
Gears of War 2 is a tactical third-person shooter video game developed by Epic Games and published by Microsoft Game Studios.[5] It is the sequel to Gears of War, and was announced by lead designer Cliff Bleszinski during the February 20, 2008 Game Developers Conference. The game uses a heavily upgraded version of the Unreal Engine 3.[6] Gears of War 2 takes place after the first game, where the Locust are now attempting sink Jacinto Plateau, and the COG forces have decided to launch a counter-offensive to stop them before they can complete their attempt. The game is playable on the Xbox One through backwards compatibility and is a part of the Xbox Game Pass subscription.
Gears of War 3 is a tactical third-person shooter video game developed by Epic Games and published by Microsoft Game Studios and is the conclusion to the Gears of War Trilogy. Gears of War 3 takes places 2 years after the second game, Marcus and his team have to combat the growing threat of the Lambent and rescue his father Adam Fenix from the Locust Horde. Gears of War 3 was released on September 20th, 2011. The game is playable on the Xbox One through backwards compatibility and is a part of the Xbox Game Pass subscription.
RAAM's Shadow[]
Main article: RAAM's Shadow
RAAM's Shadow is a singleplayer DLC for Gears of War 3 released on December 13, 2011. In RAAM's Shadow, the players follow an ex-Stranded, Michael Barrick, his team, Zeta-Six and General RAAM during the Evacuation of Ilima in 9 A.E. The expansion includes chapters that allow the players to control RAAM, making it the first Gears of War campaign with a Locust being a playable character. It also added all four members of Zeta-Six - Barrick, Alicia Valera, Tai Kaliso and Minh Young Kim - as well as RAAM and the Theron Elite as playable characters in the online modes.
Gears of War: Judgment[]
Main article: Gears of War: Judgment
Gears of War: Judgment is a tactical third-person shooter video game developed by Epic Games and People Can Fly and published by Microsoft Game Studios. Gears of War: Judgment is the fourth game in the Gears of War franchise. The Campaign is a prequel to the first game, it takes you back to the immediate aftermath of Emergence Day and revolves around the trial of Kilo Squad, including Lt. Damon Baird and Pvt. Augustus Cole, as they are accused of treason after a battle against the Locust in Halvo Bay. The game is playable on the Xbox One through backwards compatibility and is a part of the Xbox Game Pass subscription.
Gears of War: Ultimate Edition[]
Main article: Gears of War: Ultimate Edition
Gears of War: Ultimate Edition is a tactical third-person shooter video game developed by The Coalition and published by Microsoft Game Studios. The game is a remastered version of the original Gears of War that offers improved graphics, redone campaign cinematics, new chapters previously available only in the PC version of the original, new multiplayer modes, all multiplayer maps from the original, multiplayer characters from Gears of War 2 and Gears of War 3, unlockable comics and more. The game runs at 1080p in 30 frames per second in campaign and 1080p in 60 frames per second in multiplayer. Ultimate Edition was released on August 25th, 2015 on the Xbox One and March 1st, 2016 on PC (Windows 10). The game is a part of the Xbox Game Pass subscription.
Gears of War 4 is a tactical third-person shooter video game developed by The Coalition and Splash Damage and published by Microsoft Game Studios. The game is a sequel to Gears of War 3, taking place 25 years after the end of the Locust War and Lambent Pandemic and follows JD, the son of Marcus and Anya, and his friend as they try to investigate a mysterious force that attacked their village and kidnapped it's population. It is the first game in the series that abandoned Unreal Engine 3 in favor of it's newer version, Unreal Engine 4. The game runs at 1080p in 30 frames per second in campaign and horde (native 4k 30FPS or 1080p 60FPS on the Xbox One X) and 1080p in 60 frames per second in multiplayer (native 4k on the Xbox One X). Gears of War 4 was released through early access on October 7th, 2016 (Ultimate Edition) and officially released on October 11th, 2016 (Standard Edition) on the Xbox One and PC (Windows 10). The game is a part of the Xbox Game Pass subscription and Xbox Play Anywhere program.
Gears Pop![]
Main article: Gears Pop!
Gears Pop! is a tactical game developed by The Coalition in collaboration with Funko, released on August 22, 2019, on mobile devices and Windows 10.
Gears 5[]
Main article: Gears 5
Gears 5 is a tactical third-person shooter video game developed by The Coalition and Splash Damage and published by Xbox Game Studios. The game is a sequel to Gears of War 4 and follows a former outsider Kait Diaz, who - with a new conflict looming on the horizon - joins the COG forces together with the rest of her friends and goes on a journey to discover her connection to the Swarm and the origins of the Locust Horde. The game was released through early access on September 6th, 2019 (Ultimate Edition and Xbox Game Pass Ultimate) and officially on September 10th, 2019 (Standard Edition and Xbox Game Pass) on the Xbox One and PC. The PC version was one of the first Xbox Game Studios titles available on Steam. Gears 5 is a part of the Xbox Game Pass subscription and Xbox Play Anywhere program.
Gears Tactics[]
Main article: Gears Tactics
Gears Tactics is a tactical RTS game developed by Splash Damage in collaboration with The Coalition. The game is going to launch on PC first, before making its way to the Xbox consoles.
Music[]
Main article: Gears of War Soundtrack
The video game music for Gears of War was composed by Kevin Riepl, who has previously worked with Epic Games on soundtracks for Unreal Tournament 2003 and Unreal Championship.[7]
Main article: Gears of War 2 Soundtrack
In Gears of War 2, the music was composed by Steve Jablonsky.[8].
The music for Gears of War 3 was - just like in Gears of War 2 - was composed by Steve Jablonsky.[9]
Main article: Gears of War: Judgment Soundtrack
In Gears of War: Judgment, Steve Jablonsky - the composer of the music in the two previous entries - once again came back to compose the music for the game.
The soundtrack for Gears of War 4 was composed by Ramin Djawadi, known mostly for his work on HBO's Game of Thrones.[10]
Main article: Gears 5 Soundtrack
The soundtrack for Gears 5 was composed by Ramin Djawadi, who also composed the score of Gears of War 4.
Adaptations[]
Books[]
Main article: Books
Epic Games and Del Ray announced on July 21, 2008, that a book series based on Gears of War would be published. The first three books were published by Del Ray, while the fourth and fifth were published by Gallery Books. The first five books - Aspho Fields, Jacinto's Remnant, Anvil Gate, Coalition's End and The Slab - were written by Karen Traviss[11]. On March 12, 2019, The Coalition announced the sixth novel taking place between Gears of War 4 and Gears 5 titled Gears of War: Ascendace. The book was written by Jason M. Hough and published by Titan Books.[12] Ascendance was released on July 30, 2019. In August, 2019, Jason Hough informed that he is working on the second novel.[13]
Comics[]
Main article: Comic Series
Epic Games and DC Comics announced on April 18, 2008, that a comic book based on Gears of War would be published. The comic is published under DC's Wildstorm imprint and is written by Joshua Ortega (Issues #1 - #14) and Karen Traviss (Issue #15 onwards), with art by Liam Sharp (Issues #1 - #13) and Leonardo Manco (Issue #14 onwards)[14][15][16]. In 2017, The Coalition announced they were working on a new comic series in collaboration with IDW Publishing titled Gears of War: The Rise of RAAM - A four-issue series written by Kurtis J. Wiebe and illustrated by Max Dunbar explores the rise of RAAM in the Locust hierarchy during the events leading up to Emergence Day[17]. On December 20, 2018, another series titled Gears of War: Hivebusters was announced. The five-issue series written by Kurtis J. Wiebe and illustrated by Alan Quah will focus on Team Scorpio, a group of Hivebusters active during the Swarm War[18].
Film[]
Main article: Gears of War (film)
On March 20, 2007, it was announced that New Line Cinema had purchased the rights to make a Gears of War film, with Stuart Beattie writing the script along with Marty Bowen and Wyck Godfrey, who will be producing it.[19] Producer Wyck Godfrey said of the film adaptation, "I'm not a gamer, but what blew me away about Gears was how it captures the mythology of a war mission and how high the stakes are."[20] On August 3, 2007, AICN.com reported that Len Wiseman was to direct the movie adaptation of Gears of War.[21] though on March 30, 2007, Godfrey stated that they have "a director we're about to attach" in order to film the movie during 2009 and release in 2010.
Wiseman was officially signed on in June 2008 with Chris Morgan performing script rewrites.[22] Morgan hinted on G4's televised coverage of Comic Con 2008 that the film would be a prequel to the first game, "it could explain how Marcus (Fenix) got his scar."[23] According to Morgan, Wiseman "wants to make it as realistic as possible, and to blur those lines where your mind says, 'Oh, it's a big CGI film.[24]
Production started to get complicated in 2010 when the budget was cut down and Les Wiseman left prodcution.[25]
On October 5, 2016, the studio head of The Coalition, Rod Fergusson announced that Microsoft is working with Universal Studios on the Gears of War movie.[26] In June 2019, Fergusson stated the movie will not be a part of the Gears of War canon.[27]
Merchandise[]
Main article: Gears of War Merchandise
TriForce Sales has obtained a license from Epic Games to create full-scale replicas of the armor and weapons from the game, with assistance of sculptor Sid Garrand of Nightmare Armor Studios. The units will be available for advanced order in July 2008.[28]
In July 2007,[29] NECA announced they would be producing Gears of War merchandise, including action figures. The first series, available in the second quarter of 2008, included Augustus Cole, a Locust Drone, a Locust Sniper and Marcus Fenix.[30]
Mindzeye Studios has created foot high statues of Gears of War characters.[31]
Crossovers[]
Lost Planet 2 had Marcus Fenix and Dominic Santiago as playable pre-order bonus character's.[32]
Killer Instinct (2013) added General RAAM as a guest character as part of their third season. Both RAAM's updated Ultimate Edition design and his design from the original Gears of War were selectable costumes. [33]
Fortnite Chapter 3 Season 1 added Marcus Fenix and Kait Diaz as guest character skins as part of the Delta-One cosmetic set, this set addtionally contained; a Skiff glider, Butcher Cleaver/Breaker Mace/Thumper Hammer harvesting tools, Resonator/Reyna's Pendant back blings and Locust Drone/Omen spray's.
This crossover also featured Gears of War inspired challenge's that had players; collect COG Tags, crouch behind cover, get melee damage, get shotgun damage and collect Thrashball memorabilia.[34]
↑ Gears of War 2 booklet
↑ Destroyed Beauty pg 1
↑ GameSpot - GDC 07: Cliffy B disassembles Gears, mentions sequel (accessdate=2007-07-05)
↑ No Gears of War release for Germany (publisher=GamesIndustry.biz; date=2006-10-19; accessdate=2006-10-19)
↑ Gears of War 2: Epic's tactical shooter gears up for round two (publisher=GamePro; accessdate=April 2008)
↑ Gametrailers.com - Epic Games - GDC 2008: Unreal Engine Tech Demo (publisher=Gametrailers.com; accessdate=2008-11-03)
↑ Review of "Gears of War" soundtrack (publisher=Movie Music UK,by Jonathan Broxton; accessdate=2007-08-20)
↑ Gears of War 2 Soundtrack News (date=2008-10-07; accessdate=2008-11-28; publisher=IGN)
↑ http://g4tv.com/comiccon2010/panels-and-live-blogs/gears-of-war-3/77 G4: Gears Of War 3 Comic-Con 2010 Panel
↑ Gears of War 4 Adds Game of Thrones Composer
↑ http://uk.xbox360.ign.com/articles/892/892316p1.html
↑ Gears of War on Twitter: We are proud to announce Gears of War: Ascendance, a brand new Gears novel from New York Times bestselling author Jason M. Hough and @TitanBooks!
↑ https://twitter.com/JasonMHough/status/1160571730378649600?s=19
↑ Epic Games and DC Plan Gears of War Comic Book (date=2008-04-18; accessdate=2008-04-18; publisher=Shacknews; by Aaron Linde)
↑ Ortega & Sharp on Gears of War Comic, Newsarama, July 24, 2008
↑ Sharp's Exclusive Gears of War Comic News, Comicon, August 11, 2008
↑ FOG! Reveals Max Dunbar's 'Gears of War: The Rise of RAAM #1' Cover!
↑ An All-New Squad of Gears Launch a Mission of Vengeance in GEARS OF WAR: HIVEBUSTERS
↑ title=Gears of War Novel Update. Movie Script Confirmed (date=2008-01-02; publisher=TeamXbox; accessdate=2008-06-01)
↑ IGN: Gears of War Gearing Up at New Line (publisher=Movies.ign.com; author=IGN Staff; accessdate=2008-10-27)
↑ Len Wiseman officially announced as "Gears of War" director (publisher=Cinema Confidential; date=2008-06-17; accessdate=2008-09-21)
↑ Wiseman suits up for 'Gears of War', June 16, 2008
↑ A Day In The Life: Chris Morgan(publisher=G4tv.com; author=Jonathan Hunt; date=July 24, 2008; accessdate=2008-09-21)
↑ 'Gears Of War' Screenwriter Aims For 'Gritty And Real' Big-Screen Version Of Video Game (date=2008-10-29; publisher=MTV; accessdate=2008-10-30)
↑ http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/movies/2010/04/gears-of-war-len-wiseman-delayed.html
↑ Gears of War Movie Confirmed
↑ The Gears of War Movie Is Set in an Alternate Reality - IGN First
↑ Company to Produce Wearable Gears of War Armor, Weapon Replicas (date=2008-05-30; publisher=Shacknews)
↑ NECA signs with Epic Games
↑ Gears of War: Marcus Fenix
↑ "GI's 2008 Holiday Buying Guide," Game Informer 188 (December 2008): 40.
↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLE5_zkIbzA
↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XzrjBID4bHU RAAM Reveal Trailer
↑ https://www.epicgames.com/fortnite/en-US/news/marcus-fenix-and-kait-diaz-descend-into-battle-in-fortnite
Gears of War Official Website
Main Games: Gears of War (♫) • Gears of War 2 (♫) • Gears of War 3 (♫) • Gears of War 4 (♫) • Gears 5 (♫)
Other Games: RAAM's Shadow • Gears of War: Judgment (♫) • Gears of War: Ultimate Edition • Gears Pop! • Gears Tactics • Gears: Hivebusters
Books: Aspho Fields • Jacinto's Remnant • Anvil Gate • Coalition's End • The Slab • Kilo Squad: The Survivor's Log • Ascendance • Bloodlines • Ephyra Rising
Comics: Hollow • Barren • A Pendulum Wars Story • Dirty Little Secrets • The Rise of RAAM • Hivebusters • Stand-Alone Issues
Booklets and Guides: Destroyed Beauty • Beneath the Surface • The Art of Gears of War • The Art of Gears of War 3 • The Poster Collection • The Art of Gears of War 4 • Retrospective • The Art of Gears 5 • Gears Tactics: The Art of the Game
Other Media: Gears of War (film) • Gears of War: Exile • Gears of War: The Board Game • Gears of War: Tactics
Real World articles
More Gears of War Wiki
1 Locust Horde
3 Reyna Diaz
Gears of War Wiki is a FANDOM Games Community.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Home > Find Articles > Indexes and Databases > Gale Presents: Peterson's Test and Career Prep
Gale Presents: Peterson's Test and Career Prep
Rutgers Restricted Access
Off-campus users will be prompted to log in
Connection note
Please create a personal account to access book, tests, and other resources.
Testing & Education Reference Center (TERC) (with Career Module)
Gale Presents: Peterson's Test and Career Prep rovides current practice materials for a wide variety of tests ranging from high school through graduate level, such as AP, SAT, ACT, GRE, LSAT, MCAT and MAT tests. It includes Pearson's test preparation books, interactive practice tests, and other review materials. This database also provides resources for researching and building a career, such as a resume builder, practice tests for professional certifications, and career assessment tools. It also includes resources for people interested in studying and working in the United States, such as practice tests for the TOEFL, TOEIC, and U.S. Citizenship tests.
Type of coverage
Books, practice tests, and test prep and career guides.
Vendor/electronic presentation provider
Gale Cengage Learning
Core Subject(s)
Related Subject(s)


text:
Tobias Okiki Lawal (* 7. Juni 2000 in Linz) ist ein österreichischer Fußballtorwart nigerianischer Abstammung.

Karriere

Verein
Lawal begann seine Karriere beim ASKÖ Donau Linz. 2013 wechselte er in die Jugend des FC Pasching. 2014 kam er in die AKA Linz, in der er bis 2018 spielte.

Im Juni 2017 stand er gegen den USV Allerheiligen erstmals im Kader der SPG FC Pasching/LASK Juniors. Im September 2017 wurde er an den viertklassigen FC Wels verliehen. Sein Debüt in der OÖ Liga gab er im selben Monat, als er am achten Spieltag der Saison 2017/18 gegen die Amateure der SV Ried in der Startelf stand. In der Winterpause jener Saison kehrte er zu den Juniors OÖ zurück.

Mit den Juniors OÖ stieg er zu Saisonende in die 2. Liga auf. Zudem rückte Lawal im Sommer 2018 in den Profikader des LASK auf. Im Juli 2018 debütierte er für den FC Juniors OÖ in der zweithöchsten Spielklasse, als er am ersten Spieltag der Saison 2018/19 gegen die Zweitmannschaft des FC Wacker Innsbruck von Beginn an zum Einsatz kam.

Nationalmannschaft
Lawal debütierte im September 2018 in einem Testspiel gegen Dänemark für die österreichische U-19-Auswahl. Im Juni 2019 spielte er gegen die Schweiz erstmals für die U-20-Mannschaft. Im Juni 2021 gab er gegen die Slowakei sein Debüt im U-21-Team.

Persönliches
Lawal wurde als Sohn einer Österreicherin und eines Nigerianers in Linz geboren.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Fußballtorhüter (LASK Amateure OÖ)
Fußballtorhüter (FC Wels)
Fußballtorhüter (LASK)
Fußballtorhüter (FC Juniors OÖ)
Österreicher
Geboren 2000
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Product categories of Wooden Domino, we are specialized manufacturers from China, Wooden Game Domino, Black Wooden Domino suppliers/factory, wholesale high-quality products of Wooden Domino with Color Dots R & D and manufacturing, we have the perfect after-sales service and technical support. Look forward to your cooperation!
There are original wooden color Domino tile, and also colorful Wooden Domino tiles. They are available for engraving, printing (and also full-color imprinting). Wooden Dominoes are lighter and cheaper, they are affordable domino set for you.
Wooden dominoes are also traditional favourite. These dominoes featuring colourful painted animals can be designed specifically for children.
Buy great wooden domino sets from Bescon!


AeroPiates Reformer Plus 360 is one of our most recently upgraded reformers, complete with improved quality straps, a more user friendly strap length adjustment, better quality metal pulleys and much larger wheels for easy transportation. The additional accessories and large DVD library included in this package will delight you with years of full body workouts. The Reformer Plus 360 is a limited edition featuring a willow green platform. The 4 cords allow you to achieve the correct level of resistance, making your workout as intense as you can endure. Featuring a light yellow cord and a heavy red cord, this reformer offers more resistance levels than a standard 4 cord. The patented Freeform Cardio Rebounder will help you reach and maintain your desired weight, flatten your stomach, strengthen your pelvic floor and target your goal heart rate as effectively as with a treadmill but without any of the impact nor stress. The pulley risers allow you to adjust the height of the straps, which alters the angle and intensity of each exercise. Also included is the Head and Neck Support Pillow for enhanced support during your AeroPilates sessions. ($79.99 value) The stand needed to raise this reformer off the ground is the Medium Stand. The complete set of Level 1 and 2 DVD's and the 30-Day Jumpstart program, featuring Marjolein Brugman, will keep you motivated and excited for years to come.


text:
Skechers Performance™ Locks in Multi-Year Sponsorship Extension With Pro Golfer Matt Kuchar
Por: Latinowire | 05 de Abril 2016
Kuchar Will Continue Representing Skechers GO GOLF® on Tour and is Set
to Debut the New GO GOLF Pro 2™ This Week
MANHATTAN BEACH, Calif.–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Skechers Performance™—a division of Skechers USA, Inc.
(NYSE:SKX)—announces the multi-year contract extension with professional
golfer Matt Kuchar. In addition to representing Skechers GO GOLF® on the
PGA TOUR and in Skechers GO GOLF global marketing campaigns, he will
also continue working closely with the company developing new golf
footwear.
"Working with Skechers Performance has been extremely rewarding," said
Kuchar. "Their team has been a creative force and is on the cutting edge
of design, bringing me the best footwear possible and keeping me at the
top of my game. The shoes I wear need to be stable and secure on the
green, and Skechers Performance has that perfect balance, giving me the
highest functionality while remaining the most comfortable golf shoes
I've ever worn."
A seven-time PGA TOUR champion, Kuchar has played an integral role in
the technical development of Skechers GO GOLF footwear and has brought
significant awareness to the overall golf division. Kuchar launched the
Skechers GO GOLF Pro with a comedic series of TV spots titled "GOLF Tips
with Matt Kuchar," which gained the industry's attention and won the
International Network of Golf (ING) 2015 Industry Honors award. He has
since followed up with a new campaign titled "GOLF SCHOOL" that includes
several of Skechers Performance golf pros: Belén Mozo, Billy Andrade,
and Colin Montgomerie.
"Our partnership with Matt has been invaluable in growing our golf
business," said Rick Higgins, Senior Vice President,
Merchandising/Marketing, Skechers Performance. "His input on developing
the footwear has helped us build some of the most competitive golf shoes
on the market and on top of that, he is a first-class guy to work with.
We've had a lot of fun shooting our GOLF SCHOOL commercial spots with
him – they allow everyone to see that great side of Matt's personality."
Spectators will get a first look at the new spring 2017 Skechers GO GOLF
Pro 2™ this week, as Kuchar steps up to tee off. He will debut the
model—as will Skechers Performance pro and 2016 PGA TOUR winner Russell
Knox. The Skechers GO GOLF Pro 2 merges Skechers Performance's
innovative comfort and technology and features Skechers Performance's
new 5GEN midsole foam cushioning and a new dual density outsole with an
integrated grip technology to provide stability through the athlete's
swing. The Skechers GO GOLF Pro 2 will be available in two waterproof
leather uppers, giving the golfer an upgraded premium option. It will be
released to consumers later this year.
Skechers GO GOLF has become known for its innovative designs, high
quality comfort, shock-absorbing midsole and superb stability. The
footwear is available at select retailers including golf pro shops, as
well as online at skechers.com.
About SKECHERS USA, Inc.
SKECHERS USA, Inc., based in Manhattan Beach, California, designs,
develops and markets a diverse range of lifestyle footwear for men,
women and children, as well as performance footwear for men and women.
SKECHERS footwear is available in the United States and over 160
countries and territories worldwide via department and specialty stores,
more than 1,340 SKECHERS retail stores, and the Company's e-commerce
website. The Company manages its international business through a
network of global distributors, joint venture partners in Asia, and 13
wholly-owned subsidiaries in Brazil, Canada, Chile, Japan, Latin
America and throughout Europe. For more information, please visit skechers.com
and follow us on Facebook (facebook.com/SKECHERS)
and Twitter (twitter.com/SKECHERSUSA).
This announcement contains forward-looking statements that are made
pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements include,
without limitation, the Company's future domestic and international
growth, financial results and operations including expected net sales
and earnings, its development of new products, future demand for its
products, its planned domestic and international expansion and opening
of new stores, the completion of the expansion and upgrade of the
Company's European distribution center, and advertising and marketing
initiatives. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of
forward looking language such as "believe," "anticipate," "expect,"
"estimate," "intend," "plan," "project," "will be," "will continue,"
"will result," "could," "may," "might," or any variations of such words
with similar meanings. Any such statements are subject to risks and
uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from
those projected in forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause
or contribute to such differences include international economic,
political and market conditions including the uncertainty of sustained
recovery in Europe; entry into the highly competitive performance
footwear market; sustaining, managing and forecasting costs and proper
inventory levels; losing any significant customers; decreased demand by
industry retailers and cancellation of order commitments due to the lack
of popularity of particular designs and/or categories of products;
maintaining brand image and intense competition among sellers of
footwear for consumers; anticipating, identifying, interpreting or
forecasting changes in fashion trends, consumer demand for the products
and the various market factors described above; sales levels during the
spring, back-to-school and holiday selling seasons; and other factors
referenced or incorporated by reference in the Company's annual report
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015. The risks included
here are not exhaustive. The Company operates in a very competitive and
rapidly changing environment. New risks emerge from time to time and the
companies cannot predict all such risk factors, nor can the companies
assess the impact of all such risk factors on their respective
businesses or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors,
may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in
any forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, you
should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a
prediction of actual results. Moreover, reported results should not be
considered an indication of future performance.
SKECHERS USA, Inc.
Jolene Abbott
jolenea@skechers.com


text:
Q: Bash - Echo a variable using another variable (?) Thank you very much in advance for helping!
I have this variables:
scene1=lounge
scene2=bedroom
scene3=bathroom

What I want to do is a loop, and for every file in a particular folder, echo the variable scene#
order=1
for f in $(find $dest_scenes/*.xml -maxdepth 0 )
do
    scene_name=scene$order #scene1, scene2, scene3
    echo $scene_name
done
order=$(expr $order + 1)

Output:
scene1
scene2
scene3

What I would like to:
lounge
bedroom
bathroom

I don't want to get $scene_name, I want to got $($scene_name) if you know what I mean...
Thank you!!!

A: That's called variable interpolation. In your case, you could do:
echo ${!scene_name}

See How do I use a variable within a variable for more variations.


The Bag-It! — Formotion Products Inc.
No place for your phone or glasses on your bike? Don't run saddlebags on your bike? Or if you do, tired of always having to open 'em up and dig for what you want. If you could just have a windshield bag somewhere on the bike to carry the small stuff - wouldn't that be perfect - but we don't all have windshields or don't use our windshields all the time - then what? The Bag-It of course.
The Bag-It! works on any U.S. License plate bracket and works with any Harley Davidson windshield bag or any bag with a 1" wide spaced bag bracket attached to the bag! All chrome finish. Just the metal alone is worh the price!


San Antonio, TX – December 5, 2013 – Avestée Women's Imaging Center of Alamo Heights is one of the few imaging centers in San Antonio to offer 3D Digital Breast Tomosynthesis technology as part of its comprehensive breast imaging services. Unlike other facilities in the area, there is no additional cost for 3D mammography at Avestee Women's Imaging Center.
"We believe so strongly in the importance of 3D screening for women that we don't charge extra for 3D mammograms at Avestée. Every woman who gets a mammogram here receives a 3D mammogram and the price is the same as what they would pay for a traditional 2D screening," said Avestée founder Dr. Suzanne Dabbous.
Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT), or 3D mammography, was approved by the FDA in February 2011 for breast cancer screening. Having a better, more reliable view of the breast tissue via 3D technology helps increase the efficacy of the test and catching breast cancer at earlier stages.
There are many similarities between a 2D/3D combination mode mammogram and the 2D digital mammogram. They take almost the same amount of time, the machine looks the same, and the patient's breast is compressed in the same number of positions. The big difference is that the 3D mammogram collects images as the machine makes a quick arc over the patient's breast tissue. These images are then reconstructed into a data set allowing the radiologist to examine the breast tissue in 1 mm slices. This 3D visibility effectively removes summation artifact (harmless objects such as glandular tissue and blood vessels which are photographically superimposed to resemble cancer) from the breast imaging equation. Summation artifact is the leading cause for call back exams. 3D breast screening is particularly effective for women who have dense breast tissue.
In addition to screening and diagnostic mammogram services, Avestée offers breast ultrasounds, a full spectrum of body imaging services, ultrasound services, ultrasound guided biopsy and bone density studies. The facility accepts most major commercial insurance, HMO/PPO plans, Medicare, and other government sponsored health coverage.
Avestée Woman's Imaging Center of Alamo Heights can be reached at (210) 826-2666 or www.avesteeimaging.com.


text:
/*
 * MinIO Cloud Storage, (C) 2019-2020 MinIO, Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 *
 */

package madmin

import (
	"context"
	"math/rand"
	"net/http"
	"sync"
	"time"
)

// MaxRetry is the maximum number of retries before stopping.
var MaxRetry = 10

// MaxJitter will randomize over the full exponential backoff time
const MaxJitter = 1.0

// NoJitter disables the use of jitter for randomizing the exponential backoff time
const NoJitter = 0.0

// DefaultRetryUnit - default unit multiplicative per retry.
// defaults to 1 second.
const DefaultRetryUnit = time.Second

// DefaultRetryCap - Each retry attempt never waits no longer than
// this maximum time duration.
const DefaultRetryCap = time.Second * 30

// lockedRandSource provides protected rand source, implements rand.Source interface.
type lockedRandSource struct {
	lk  sync.Mutex
	src rand.Source
}

// Int63 returns a non-negative pseudo-random 63-bit integer as an int64.
func (r *lockedRandSource) Int63() (n int64) {
	r.lk.Lock()
	n = r.src.Int63()
	r.lk.Unlock()
	return
}

// Seed uses the provided seed value to initialize the generator to a
// deterministic state.
func (r *lockedRandSource) Seed(seed int64) {
	r.lk.Lock()
	r.src.Seed(seed)
	r.lk.Unlock()
}

// newRetryTimer creates a timer with exponentially increasing
// delays until the maximum retry attempts are reached.
func (adm AdminClient) newRetryTimer(ctx context.Context, maxRetry int, unit time.Duration, cap time.Duration, jitter float64) <-chan int {
	attemptCh := make(chan int)

	// computes the exponential backoff duration according to
	// https://www.awsarchitectureblog.com/2015/03/backoff.html
	exponentialBackoffWait := func(attempt int) time.Duration {
		// normalize jitter to the range [0, 1.0]
		if jitter < NoJitter {
			jitter = NoJitter
		}
		if jitter > MaxJitter {
			jitter = MaxJitter
		}

		//sleep = random_between(0, min(cap, base * 2 ** attempt))
		sleep := unit * time.Duration(1<<uint(attempt))
		if sleep > cap {
			sleep = cap
		}
		if jitter != NoJitter {
			sleep -= time.Duration(adm.random.Float64() * float64(sleep) * jitter)
		}
		return sleep
	}

	go func() {
		defer close(attemptCh)
		for i := 0; i < maxRetry; i++ {
			// Attempts start from 1.
			select {
			case attemptCh <- i + 1:
			case <-ctx.Done():
				// Stop the routine.
				return
			}

			select {
			case <-time.After(exponentialBackoffWait(i)):
			case <-ctx.Done():
				// Stop the routine.
				return
			}
		}
	}()
	return attemptCh
}

// List of AWS S3 error codes which are retryable.
var retryableS3Codes = map[string]struct{}{
	"RequestError":         {},
	"RequestTimeout":       {},
	"Throttling":           {},
	"ThrottlingException":  {},
	"RequestLimitExceeded": {},
	"RequestThrottled":     {},
	"InternalError":        {},
	"SlowDown":             {},
	// Add more AWS S3 codes here.
}

// isS3CodeRetryable - is s3 error code retryable.
func isS3CodeRetryable(s3Code string) (ok bool) {
	_, ok = retryableS3Codes[s3Code]
	return ok
}

// List of HTTP status codes which are retryable.
var retryableHTTPStatusCodes = map[int]struct{}{
	http.StatusRequestTimeout:      {},
	http.StatusTooManyRequests:     {},
	http.StatusInternalServerError: {},
	http.StatusBadGateway:          {},
	http.StatusServiceUnavailable:  {},
	// Add more HTTP status codes here.
}

// isHTTPStatusRetryable - is HTTP error code retryable.
func isHTTPStatusRetryable(httpStatusCode int) (ok bool) {
	_, ok = retryableHTTPStatusCodes[httpStatusCode]
	return ok
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
10 Christmas Traditions' Origin Stories That Will Surprise You
These Christmas customs have histories that date back decades and even centuries!
By Alex Daniel November 30, 2019
By Alex Daniel
From kissing under the mistletoe to hanging stockings, it can seem like classic Christmas traditions are as old as the holiday itself. And while some rituals go back centuries, others are actually relatively recent developments. Thanks to a few famous poets, illustrators, entrepreneurs, and brands, the image of Santa Claus and the customs of Christmas have become more defined in the past 100 years or so, shaping it into the celebration we know and love today. To learn more about Christmas's more recent history, here are the surprising backstories of some of the most familiar Christmas traditions!
Evergreen Christmas Trees
A number of influences brought about the modern Christmas tree. Evergreens had been used in winter festivals dating back to the time of the Ancient Romans, according to History. They decorated their homes and temples with wreaths and boughs for Saturnalia, a six-day festival celebrating the agricultural god Saturn. The trees became especially popular later in Germany as a symbol of the holiday.
Then, in the 19th century, it became more common to decorate branches with ornaments and tinsel. This was in part thanks to an 1848 sketch in the Illustrated London News of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert around a tree at Windsor Castle, which caught the attention of Americans and Europeans who wanted to follow the royal trendsetters. As William D. Crump explains in The Christmas Encyclopedia, at the turn of the 20th century, "only one in five families in the United States sported a Christmas tree; by 1930, the custom was almost universal." In fact, the first Rockefeller Center Christmas tree was placed in New York City in 1931, followed by the tallest 100-foot tree in 1948, according to History.
Christmas Tree Lots
One of the main reasons it took time for Christmas trees to catch on in the United States is that it was challenging to find a tree unless you lived near a forest or wooded area. But that all began to change in 1851, when Mark Carr, a logger living in the Catskill Mountains, read about the growing interest in the trees. According to an 1878 New York Daily Tribune article, as quoted by The New York Times, Carr hauled an ox sled piled high with "thrifty young firs and spruces" to New York City. He set up shop in the now-defunct Washington Market and sold out quickly. Thus, the modern Christmas tree lot was born!
Originally, Christmas trees were decorated with household items like apples and cookies, then paper ornaments and dolls in the early 19th century, according to History. By the 1880s, retailers like F. W. Woolworth and his five-and-dime shops popularized glass ornaments, often sourced from German factories where they were made by hand. To illuminate the trees, candles were the go-to option for decades, despite the fact that they would often cause fires.
By the turn of the 20th century, small lanterns and glass balls that could hold the candles became more widely available. Electric Christmas lights (first invented by Thomas Edison's associate Edward Johnson) would follow suit in 1900.
All Things Red and Green
It may seem like red and green have always symbolized Christmas, but it was actually fairly recently that they became the defining colors. According to Arielle Eckstut, co-author of Secret Language of Color, this was due to both holly and Coca-Cola. The former dates back to the Romans' winter solstice celebrations. "Holly is associated with the crown of thorns of Jesus," she told NPR. "Those beautiful bright red berries and those deep green leaves are the exact colors that we [picture] when we think about Christmas."
Initially, a wide range of colors appeared on Victorian Christmas cards (Santa himself would wear blue, gold, and even green robes). Then, a massive marketing push from Coca-Cola in 1931 changed all that: The ads featured a red-and-white Santa at their center, helping confirm the now-classic Christmas colors. "It solidified in our collective imaginations the red of Santa's robes with the green of fir trees and holly and poinsettia that we already had in our minds," Eckstut said. "This particular shade of red and green came to signify Christmas."
Jolly Saint Nick
Although Coca-Cola deserves some recognition for making red and green the official Christmas colors, it's not exactly accurate to give the company sole credit (as many still do) for inventing the modern Santa Claus. The figure we know today came about through a number of important influences, beginning in the early 19th century.
In 1823, Clement Clarke Moore published his poem "A Visit from St. Nicholas" (better known as "'Twas the Night Before Christmas"), which weaved together Santa Claus's playful parts with his benevolent, more religious aspects, and gave him many identifiable traits, from his reindeer to his round size. But it was Thomas Nast, the popular illustrator for Harper's Weekly in the mid-1800s, who helped create the image of the jolly man making toys in his workshop. Then, according to the Los Angeles Times, successors of Nast, like Norman Rockwell, put the finishing touches on the figure while marketers—most notably Coca-Cola—helped the icon become more deeply enmeshed in American culture.
Santa's Sleigh
But before Moore, or Nast, or Rockwell, Washington Irving's satirical A History of New York, published in 1809, included one of the first references of St. Nicholas in the United States. It describes him "jollily among the tree-tops, or over the roofs of the houses, now and then drawing forth magnificent presents from his breeches pockets, and dropping them down the chimneys of his favorites."
In 1823, Moore's "'Twas the Night Before Christmas" cemented the idea of Santa having a sleigh with the stanzas: "When what to my wondering eyes did appear/But a miniature sleigh and eight tiny rein-deer/With a little old driver so lively and quick/I knew in a moment he must be St. Nick."
Hanging Stockings
In the Netherlands, Dutch children have long stuffed their clogs with hay and carrots, leaving the shoes outside their homes on St. Nicholas Day (Dec. 6). According to Smithsonian magazine, the story goes that Santa takes the food for his reindeer and replaces it with coins or small treats for the kids to discover the next morning.
That idea eventually transferred over to the U.S. in the form of stuffing stockings. In 1823, Moore wrote how the jolly saint "fill'd all the stockings; then turn'd with a jerk/And laying his finger aside of his nose/And giving a nod, up the chimney he rose." But the use of stockings really took off in the late 19th century, as "a variety of stocking especially designed for the reception of Christmas gifts" were introduced, according to an 1883 article in The New York Times. They were larger and more decorative than something a person would actually wear, which made the fireplace far more festive and ensured the tradition would carry on.
Shutterstock/DGLimages
The act of strolling house to house to spread holiday cheer goes back to at least the 15th century, as "wassailers" would travel to different homes, wishing one another well. However, it wasn't until the 19th century that singing holiday songs became part of the fun, with those in Victorian England merging traditional church carols with Christian folk music, according to Time.
"At that time, it was far from a Christmas tradition; festivals like May Day were deemed worthy of caroling, too," according to the magazine. "In the 19th century, as Christmas became more commercialized and popular, publishers began churning out anthologies of carols, many of which were ancient hymns, also circulating them in broadsheets."
Many kids today send letters to Santa Claus, but this wasn't always the case. The correspondence actually started from Santa to children. He'd write to them, encouraging them to behave and describing ways in which they were naughty or nice the past year, according to Time.
Soon enough, kids started writing back, placing their letters on the fireplace, and, once the postal service became more widespread, through the mail. Newspapers would publish and answer letters, as well as local charity groups before the post office eventually stepped in in the first half of the 1900s and took over the responsibility.
For centuries, mistletoe was associated with fertility and vitality, due to the fact that it blossomed even during the coldest seasons. "Just how it made the jump from sacred herb to holiday decoration remains up for debate, but the kissing tradition appears to have first caught on among servants in England before spreading to the middle classes," according to History. Holiday revelers would pluck a single berry from the mistletoe, kissing each time until the berries were gone. A better-known tradition was that men would be "allowed" to smooch a woman standing under the mistletoe. It should go without saying, though, that if you're at a holiday party this season, you'd be wise to keep your lips to yourself.
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Bucyrus sponsors Sargento 200 Returning title sponsor, Bucyrus International, Inc. is enhancing their race sponsorship with a special Tim McGraw concert, Thursday, June 23, 2011 at the Marcus Amphitheater in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. In partnership with Bucyrus, Road America is offering a limited quantity of race and concert ticket packages. Each package includes 3-Day Event admission to Road America, June 23-25, a complimentary Tim McGraw concert admission, June 23, 2011, courtesy of Bucyrus, and a special Road America souvenir. The race and concert ticket package will be available on-line at www.roadamerica.com, Friday, April 1, 2011 and will be offered while supplies last. Concert seating will be bleachers or lawn. The three-day race event schedule, June 23-25, 2011, includes the NASCAR Nationwide Series(Saturday race), the GRAND-AM Rolex Sports Car Series (Saturday race) and the GRAND-AM Continental Tire Sports Car Challenge (Friday race). Saturday's Bucyrus 200 NNS race starts at 4:30 p.m. Seven big screens will be located at key viewing areas. Fan activities include spectator camping, concession karting and live music. Additional race event and concert information is available on Road America's website. Race ticket admission includes free parking, open grandstand seating and access to the support series paddock areas. Kids 12 and under are admitted free to Road America with a paying adult. Other ticket options are available with significant advance discount pricing. On-site camping and karting require additional fees. Gates open at 7 a.m. and all races, including the NNS race, will run rain or shine. PaddockTalk Perspective
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Last month I retweeted Eric M.J.'s announcement of Hex v0.12.0. The feature that caught my attention most of all was the addition of package checksums to mix.lock. As I mentioned in my tweet, I had to cut the section on dependencies from my ElixirConf.EU talk due to time constraints. Let's try to rectify that here.
Before diving in, let's look at two recent incidents involving package managers that you may have heard about.
More recently there was the revelation that a student was able to get thousands of developers to run code that could easily have been malicious, simply by uploading packages with names similar to popular dependencies.
Both episodes got quite a lot of (mainstream) media coverage, for instance at Ars Technica.
Adding a few package dependencies to your project can quickly lead to your relying on developers you may have never heard of, and their whims, skills and security practices.
With a few simple instructions, and often with very little scrutiny, developers pull in code that is then deployed on production servers, or is run on developer PCs or build servers on corporate networks.
Think about this for a minute: while you are busy hardening your server's Linux configuration, tuning your load balancer's TLS settings and keeping your certificate's private key safe, the weakest link in your security posture might be some unknown developer's password hygiene. What if some developer somewhere used the same credentials for GitHub as for that dating site that was hacked last week?
This is of course a generic issue that applies, to a greater or lesser extent, to all programming languages. So what does it mean for the Erlang/Elixir ecosystem and the Hex package manager?
In Elixir, compiling code means executing code: this is an inherent part of the language design. For instance, defmodule takes a do block that is executed at compile time to produce that module's BEAM binary. This means an untrusted dependency will have an opportunity to run code not just on your deployment machines, but also on your build server and/or your laptop, where it could potentially access your (corporate) network.
Keep in mind that many Mix tasks automatically trigger compilation, e.g. mix ecto.migrate and mix app.tree, as well as iex -S mix. In practice, after you've pulled in new or updated dependencies you should review them before you run any further Mix tasks.
Remember that the mix.exs file that specifies a project's dependencies is also code, which means this file gets evaluated as part of the mix deps.get task. I'm assuming you don't inject malicious code into your own mix.exs file, but what about your dependencies?
If you pull in dependencies through Git or using a path reference, mix deps.get will recursively evaluate the mix.exs files of those projects. In case of Git this could potentially lead to unwanted execution of code that was just downloaded, before you had a chance to review it to decide whether it is safe to compile!
Update: I posted a question to the elixir-lang-core mailing list to collect feedback on ways to mitigate this risk. I'd love to hear from you.
The good news is that Hex instead uses package metadata to determine further dependencies that need to be pulled in. In other words, the mix.exs file of Hex packages is not evaluated during mix deps.get. Hex ignores any non-Hex dependencies a package might have, so there should be no surprise code executions from Git repositories while fetching Hex packages.
There is currently no support in Hex for signed packages, but the metadata for each package does contain a SHA-256 checksum of the package contents. During package installation the checksum over the downloaded files is compared against the checksum in the hex.pm registry, and any mismatch causes Hex to abort.
Since the registry data is retrieved over HTTPS and is itself protected by a signature, the checksum provides reasonable assurance that the files you just downloaded match the ones submitted to hex.pm. The weakest link here is, once again, the original developer's credentials.
This is where the checksum in mix.lock comes in: any unexpected modifications to the package contents after you've locked in your dependencies will be flagged. So while you should still take extra care when adding or updating dependencies, there should be no nasty surprises when fetching locked-in dependencies during deployment.
In order to protect yourself from the risks described above, disconnect from the network and only code in machine language using a hex editor you wrote yourself. And don't forget to wear your tinfoil hat.
Make sure you understand when and where third party code gets executed.
Make sure you do some basic due diligence on any dependencies you introduce into your project, including any sub-dependencies, both new and updated.
Create a sandboxed build and test environment: this could be a VM or a container that isolates the project from the host filesystem and that only allows access to specific network resources (e.g. hex.pm); ideally, any policy violations would be logged, so you can investigate suspicious activity.


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Lucascavin (asteróide 21509) é um asteróide da cintura principal, a 2,02338707 UA. Possui uma excentricidade de 0,11297155 e um período orbital de 1 258,38 dias (3,45 anos).

Lucascavin tem uma velocidade orbital média de 19,72068674 km/s e uma inclinação de 5,98691026º.

Este asteróide foi descoberto em 22 de Maio de 1998 por LINEAR.

Ver também
 Lista de asteróides
 Asteroide da cintura principal

Ligações externas

Asteroides da cintura principal
Objetos astronômicos descobertos em 1998


Mahendra Singh Dhoni Wiki, Family, Height, Weight, Age. Mahendra Singh Dhoni is a famous Indian cricketer in India he born on 7-Jul-1981 in Ranchi, India, Her home city is Ranchi, and Nationality Indian. he born in her mother home city in Ranchi, India, Right now he is 36 years old (last update 2017) and her father name is Pan Singh and mother name Devaki Devi. Her father Pan Singh and her mother Devaki Devi Nationality Indian. Mahendra Singh Dhoni is now professional Indian cricketer in India. he is a renowned Indian cricketer in India and another Neighboring country. he is a very efficient Indian cricketer.
Mahendra Singh Dhoni Wiki, Family, Height, Weight, Age (last updated on 2017). Mahendra Singh Dhoni is a professional Indian cricketer. Now he is 36 years old in 2017. Are you looking Mahendra Singh Dhoni height and Weight? Right now her original high 5 feet 9 inch and Weight 68 KG.
Are you interested to Know Mahendra Singh Dhoni body measurements? Her total body measurements are 44 inches. Her Eye and Hair color are same. Are you interested to know Mahendra Singh Dhoni Net Worth & Salary? check also here right now Net Worth. Mahendra Singh Dhoni Net Worth $ 150 Million And her monthly Salary or earning is under review.
Dave Franco Biography, Net Worth, Height, Weight, Age.


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Пенг Дехуај (кинески: 彭德怀, 24. октобар 1898 — 29. новембар 1974) био је истакнути војни лидер кинеске комунистичке партије и министар одбране Кине од 1954. до 1959. године.
Пенг је био један од неколико виших војних лидера који су подржавали Маоове сугестије о директној укључивању Кине у Корејски рат у периоду 1950-1953. године, и био је командант Кинеске народне волонтерске војске у првој половини рата (иако су Мао и Енлај су били технички виши чин). Пенгова искуства у Корејском рату убедила га је да кинеска војска мора постати професионалнија, организованија и боље опремљена како би се припремила за услове савременог техничког рата.

Неуспех Великог скока је значајно умањио Маов престиж унутар партије. Приморан да преузме главну одговорност, Мао је 1959. поднео оставку са места председника партије (де јуре шефа државе, јер Кина није имала устав у то време и партија је у потпуности била поистовећена са државом), а наследио га је Љу Шаоћи. У јулу су се високи партијски званичници састали на планини Лу, како би разматрали новонасталу ситуацију и могући излаз из ње. На самом састанку је маршал Пенг Дехуај, министар одбране, у отвореном писму Мау, отворено критиковао пројекат Великог скока као насиља незнања, лошег управљања и политичке догме над законима економије.

Крајем 1959, историчар и заменик градоначелника Пекинга Ву Хан, објавио је историјску драму под називом 'Хаи Руи отпуштен из службе'. У комаду Хаи Руи, компетентни и часни службеник бива отпуштен од стране хировитог и корумпираног цара. Иако је јавно хвалио дело, Мао је у фебруару 1965, наложио својој супрузи Ђианг Ћинг и шангајском пропагандисти Јао Венјуану да напишу чланак у коме ће критиковати комад. Јао је од почетка веровао да је цела драма слабо прикривена политичка алузија − цар је Мао, а Хаи Руи - Пенг Дехуај.

Рођени 1898.
Умрли 1974.
Кинески политичари


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Corsia brassii ist eine blattgrünlose Pflanzenart aus der Familie der Corsiaceae. Das Artepitheton ehrt den Pflanzensammler Leonard John Brass (1900–1971).

Merkmale
Wie alle Arten der Gattung hat auch Corsia brassii die Photosynthese aufgegeben und bildet dementsprechend kein Chlorophyll mehr. Stattdessen lebt sie myko-heterotroph von einem Pilz.

Corsia brassii ist eine ausdauernde Pflanze, die nur zur Blütezeit oberirdisch wächst. Aus dem Rhizom sprießt dann ein 20 bis 25 Zentimeter langer, zylindrischer, fein geriffelter und bräunlich-purpurner Stängel. Das Blattwerk ist 12 bis 17 Millimeter lang, 3 bis 4 Millimeter breit, bräunlich-purpurn und fünfnervig. Die Tragblätter sind den Laubblättern gleich.

Die aufrechten Einzelblüten sind endständig und stehen an Blütenstielen, die 2 bis 2,5 Zentimeter lang, zylindrisch und schmal geriffelt sind. Von den sechs Blütenblättern (je drei Tepalen in zwei Blütenblattkreisen) sind fünf linealisch, cremegelb, zur abgerundeten Spitze hin bräunlich-purpurn überhaucht, 14 Millimeter lang, 1,5 bis 2 Millimeter breit, am Ansatz spießförmig, ein- bzw. dreinervig und teilweise fein papillös.

Das oberste sechste, das sogenannte Labellum, ist braun-purpurn, breit herzförmig, an der Spitze abgerundet und stark vergrößert (rund 16 Millimeter lang und 12 Millimeter breit), sein Ansatz ist herzförmig. Der Kallus ist schirmförmig und besteht aus zwei gebogenen Hälften, von ihm strahlen kurze, lamellenartige fein behaarte Kalli auf das Labellum aus.

Am Ansatz ist das Labellum direkt mit dem rund 0,5 Millimeter langen und glatten Gynostemium verwachsen. Die freien Staubfäden sind wie die Staubbeutel 1 Millimeter lang. Der glatte Fruchtknoten ist bis zu 15 Millimeter lang, die glatte Kapselfrucht rund 20 Millimeter.

Verbreitungsgebiet

Corsia brassii ist nur 1935 einmal in Neuguinea auf dem Mount Dayman in der Milne Bay Province auf 900 m Höhe gefunden worden.

Systematik
Corsia brassii wurde 1972 von Pieter van Royen erstbeschrieben und steht den Arten Corsia cordata und Corsia papuana nahe. Sie wird wie diese in der Sektion Sessilis platziert, da das Labellum direkt mit dem Gynostemium verwachsen ist.

Nachweise
 Pieter van Royen: Sertulum Papuanum 17. Corsiaceae of New Guinea and surrounding areas. In: Webbia. 27: 223–255, 1972

Corsiaceae
Corsiaceen
Mykoheterotrophe Pflanze