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Christopher John «Chris» Wickham (Anglaterra, 18 de maig de 1950) és un historiador i acadèmic britànic. És professor emèrit d'Història Medieval a la Universitat d'Oxford i membre de l'All Souls College. Va ser professor d'Història Altmedieval a la Universitat de Birmingham des de 1997 fins a 2005.

Biografia
Wickham es va educar a Millfield, una escola pública a Street, Somerset, Anglaterra. De 1968 a 1975, va estudiar a Keble College, Oxford. Es va graduar a la Universitat d'Oxford amb un títol de llicenciat en arts. Després va romandre a Oxford per realitzar investigacions de postgrau i completar el seu títol de doctor en filosofia el 1975 amb una tesi titulada «Economia i societat al nord de la Toscana del ».

Wickham va passar prop de trenta anys de la seva carrera a la Universitat de Birmingham. Va ser professor de 1977 a 1987 i professor sènior de 1987 a 1989. Va ser promogut a Reader el 1989 i va ser professor d'Història Medieval el 1993.

El 2005 va ser nomenat professor d'Història Medieval a la Universitat d'Oxford i membre d'All Souls College. Des de setembre de 2015, ha estat cap de la divisió d'Humanitats de la Universitat d'Oxford. Es va retirar al final del curs 2015/2016.

La seva principal àrea d'investigació és la Itàlia medieval, i més concretament la Toscana i la Itàlia central, des del final de l'imperi romà fins al voltant de l'any 1300. La seva èmfasi ha estat en gran part en la història social i econòmica, tot i que també ha estudiat la història legal i política de la zona. Més en general, Wickham ha treballat sota un model d'interpretació marxista de com va canviar la societat europea des de finals de l'Antiguitat i els primers anys de la Mitja Edat i ha estat pioner en l'anàlisi socioeconòmica comparativa d'aquest període.

El 2005 es va publicar la seva obra Framing the Early Middle Ages, que pretén ser una síntesi de la història de l'Europa medieval, la primera feta després dels anys vint. És excepcional pel seu ús de proves fins ara no utilitzades, tant procedents de fonts documentals com arqueològiques, així com pel seu ús audaç ús de mètodes comparatius i el rebuig de les narratives nacionals. Ha estat reconegut per diversos premis, inclòs el premi Wolfson History 2005, el Deutscher Memorial Prize el 2006 i l'American Historical Association li va adjudicar el seu premi James Henry Breasted el gener de 2007. Aquest mateix any va publicar Marxist History Writing for the Twenty-First Century, un volum que recull diferents punts de vista sobre la historiografia marxista. Després va publicar una història general de l'Europa medieval, publicada per Penguin, que examina els desenvolupaments culturals, religiosos i intel·lectuals del període no inclosos en els seus treballs anteriors.

Wickham està casat amb Leslie Brubaker, professora d'art romà d'Orient a la Universitat de Birmingham.

És membre del Partit Laborista i anteriorment era membre dels Democratici di Sinistra (Demòcrates de l'esquerra).

Obres
 1975 - Economy and society in 8th century northern Tuscany
 1981 - Early medieval Italy : central power and local society, 400-1000, London.
 1982 - Studi sulla società degli Appennini nell alto medioevo, Bologna.
 1988 - The mountains and the city: the Tuscan Apennines in the early Middle Ages, Oxford.
 1990 - City and countryside in Late Medieval and Renaissance Italy: essays presented to Philip Jones edited by Trevor Dean and Chris Wickham

 1995 - Comunità e clientele nella Toscana del XII secoloolo, Community and clientele in twelfth-century Tuscany : the origins of the rural commune in the plain of Lucca, Oxford, 1998, Communautés et clientèles, Rennes, 2001

 1998 - Dispute ecclesiastiche e comunità laiche. Il caso di Figline Valdarno (XII secolo), Florence
 2000 - Legge, pratiche e conflitti. La risoluzione delle dispute nella Toscana del XII secolo, Rome. Courts and conflict in twelfth-century Tuscany, Oxford, 2003

 2007 - Marxist History-Writing for the Twenty-First Century (editor)

 2014 - Medieval Rome
 2015 - Sleepwalking into a New World: The Emergence Italian City Communes in the Twelfth Century

Enllaços externs
 Christopher Wickham a Dialnet

Referències

Medievalistes britànics
Historiadors britànics
Historiadors marxistes
Marxistes britànics
Alumnes del Keble College
Comunistes britànics


Louis Moore is an Associate Professor of History at Grand Valley State University. He teaches African American History, Civil Rights, Sports History, and US History. His research and writing examines the interconnections between race and sports. He is the author of two recently published books, I Fight for a Living: Boxing and the Battle for Black Manhood, 1880-1915 and We Will Win the Day: The Civil Rights Movement, the Black Athlete, and the Quest for Equality. He has also written for a number of online outlets including The Shadow League, Vox, and Vocativ, and has appeared on news outlets including NPR, MSNBC, and BBC Sports talking sports and race. Follow him on Twitter @loumoore12.


text:
"Cuz I lifted the books," she pants. "I can pay you back."
"I don't want your fucking money, Amy," I say. "I'm not like you. I don't give a fuck about money."
"I get it, okay? I suck. But please, let me go," she begs.
I hold her down. "You do suck. You're a vicious empty cunt."
"You're acting crazy," she says. "Let me go."
I spit at her. She blinks. "Fuck you," I say.
"Joe," she says. "Please stop it."
I tighten my grip on her neck. I should get it over with. I should squeeze the life out of her for all the things she did do. Instead I am allowing her to speak, to rail on about what she did. "I took some books," she confesses. "And it sucks and I know it. And I know it must have been terrible for you to find out. But you know, Joe. You knew I was in it for myself. I know you knew."
I didn't know. And this is what hurts. I loved her and she did not love me. She doesn't think it was real, she never did. My cheeks turn red. I need to kill her because she says things like we were just fucking and it was summer and I didn't rip you off. I ripped off the shop. She wasn't in love with me and every time she promises she can get me the money I know I have to kill her. She wasted my heart, my time. She begs me to let her go and she can get a cash advance and she can get you anything you want and she is house-sitting and there is art I could sell, like, a lot of art and she is a commercial beast.
Beck never loved me either and if Love knew about this, the dark humiliating truth of it, that I love women who don't love me back, I don't know how I could look her in the eye. I don't know if I could go on, because the real horror of my life is not that I've killed some terrible people. The real horror is that the people I've loved didn't love me back. I may as well have been masturbating in the cage, telling the books about the girls because all the girls before Love, they were not there with me, not really, especially this one, this tall blond cunt begging for her life and promising me that she can give it all back to me every last penny.
"You don't get it," I tell her. "There's nothing you can do."
"Let me go," she pleads, she squirms.
Everything in her tone and her language and her eyes seems confused. She's acting like I'm some guy she knew and I'm looking at her like she broke my heart. But she's just talking about what a pain it was to sell books online. Does she really think this is about Portnoy's Complaint, about Yates?
"What about everything you wrote in Charlotte and Charles?"
She swallows. "What?"
"Charlotte and Charles," I snap. "You read it to me on the beach and a day later you run out on me and write me a letter in it and I want to know why."
"'Cause it was in my bag from the beach when I went back to the shop," she exclaims, and that is not what I was asking about.
"You read the book to me on the beach and you left me a note in the book and now you want to tell me you don't remember."
"Joe," she says. "I told you. You were looking in my phone. I mean, you didn't trust me either."
"Why did you leave that book for me?" I ask.
She asks me to let her go. I ask her to tell me about the book. The air is cold and loud off the water and she groans again. "Because you're so sad and lonely!" she says. "Jesus, if this is it, fuck it. I give up." She smacks her lips. She clears her throat. "Get off me," she says. "Get off me and I'll tell you."
"No," I say. "Tell me now."
"I left you that book because I did feel bad," she says. "You're sad and lonely and you should be better at being alone. You're just so fucking depressed and you wear it like a badge the way you sit in that shop alone and you're so obviously desperate for someone to come in and change your life and it's fucking annoying. Like, take care of your shit. Pull yourself together. Stop being so self-conscious about your music and every little thing you say. I gave you that book because those giants are pathetic, the way they can't fucking deal with themselves and they expect everyone to be as decent as they are. They have no right to be shocked when the humans gang up on them. Like, that's fucking life. Get over it. You can't go around expecting everyone to be like you. That's the point."
Her words sting. "If I'm so depressed and pathetic, then why did you date me?"
She rolls her eyes. "Joe," she says. "The day we met, I was using my ex-boss-boyfriend's credit card and you didn't call the cops."
"I'm not judgmental."
"You have to see things as they are," she says. "I mean, I didn't try and fool you or anything. And you know, I was like, okay, this guy, he's so cool with my shady shit. He obviously has his own shady shit. There's no way around it."
"I am nothing like you."
I hurt her, finally, and she shifts. "Well, congratufuckinglations," she says. "Can I go now? I mean, come on. This is ridiculous. What are you gonna do, kill me?"
Amy Adam has no idea about me. She thinks I'm a lonely sad person with poor reading comprehension skills. She used me. She isn't smart enough to love me or know me and suddenly I feel sorry for her. She doesn't understand that Charlotte & Charles is about the resilience of the human spirit, that happy people get fucked over and swim to another island and buck up and go on again.
Amy is not a con artist and she's not a conniving thief. She's a sad, lonely girl. She carried a book around that she didn't even understand and she wants the world to be like a Richard Yates book, with sad endings. The only Philip Roth book she ever finished is Portnoy's Complaint. She isn't the girl I thought she was, talking to me now about her boss, her dog-sitting, and I am not going to kill her.
In a strange way, Amy Adam is right. I am incapable of killing anyone right now. I have Love. I'm going to be a father. I have changed. I move off her completely and she wipes the sand off her arms, off her shirt. She shakes her legs.
"Only thing about the beach," she gripes. "Sand."
From her end this was a lover's quarrel and so we do what all former lovers do: We revisit our past together. But our memories are so different. I bring up that last night in Little Compton.
"Remember our new best friends, Noah and Pearl and Harry and Liam?" I ask.
She is aghast. "You remember their names? How do you remember their names?"
She is not like me, not like Love. She is not burdened with a sensitive heart. Hers just beats. She laughs. "Remember when I busted you looking in my phone?"
I get a ripple of humiliation in my stomach. "Uh huh," I say. "You were mad."
"Yeah," she says. "Paranoid. I had already put a couple books online and looked for a sublet out here. I was like fuck he found out."
"Wow," I say, and I think of Match Point, where Woody Allen reminds us that all the best tennis players are also lucky. Amy had a lot of Safari windows open on her phone that day. I only saw the one with Henderson. If she had to wait in line, if she'd washed her hands more thoroughly, if she'd put on lipstick, I would have found those other windows. I had bad luck with her. But then again, without her, I never would have found Love.
"I know," she says. "I mean, I pitched a fit because I thought you knew what I was up to and you were gonna wanna talk and all that."
She asks me what I'm doing in LA and I tell her I moved here because it was something to do, because it was time to get out of New York. She says she might move to Austin. I tell her it seems like a lot of assholes talk about moving to Austin. She laughs. "You are funny," she says. "You still got it, Goldberg."
I feel nothing. I don't yearn for what we had, the way all we could do was mock everyone else. I gaze at the ocean but I can't see through the mist. She pulls her hair over her left shoulder. Her neck is bruised, proof of my violence, a new mug of piss. My heart starts to beat fast and maybe I do have
to kill her. I hurt her. I did this. And if I do away with her, I will never have to worry about her ever again. She won't be a loose end, another mugofurine. I could do it. She draws in the sand with her finger. That could be her last act as a human. But then the tide creeps up on us and recedes, and the line vanishes, just like the redness on her neck will. Nature is an inherently forward beast; footsteps disappear, past hurts fade. I won't kill Amy. I will not remove life from this planet while Love and I are in the process of bringing life into this world. I've already confessed my past to Love and I don't want to confess my present.
I stand and I offer Amy a hand but she stands up without my help.
She asks if I'm sure I don't want money for the books. I tell her I'm good and she smiles then turns and walks back into the mist. She keeps her head down and her arms crossed. I sit back down in the sand where she lay, cool and wet, and I feel the weight go, as if she's passing out of me every time I breathe, every time I blink.
I can't tell you the specific moment that I can't see her anymore, because she disappears in segments. First the mist takes her bare feet, then the back of her yellow shirt. Her hair comes back to me for a brief spell, blond, tangled, and then it's gone and then she's gone, all of her, into the mist, almost like she was never here at all.
IT'S so different being at Taco Bell with Love. She already has pregnancy cravings and wanted to pig out on enchiladas and gorditas. Twins. But we don't order everything on the menu, just gorditas and two chicken tacos. She wants soda even though she feels bad about the sugar and I tell her we'll start a better diet tomorrow.
She asks me to pick a booth and I choose one by the window, far from the one where I always sat with Forty. She fills up our cups with ice and mixes a little root beer into our Cokes. "I kind of love this," she says.
"Me too," I say. "Maybe we should get married here."
"Did you just propose to me in Taco Bell without a ring?"
I nod. She laughs. She thinks she peed her pants and I tell her you don't get to pee your pants when you're a few weeks pregnant. We hold hands across the table. "So will you?" I ask.
"Yes." She smiles. "But don't make me a ring out of a straw or anything, okay?"
"Deal," I say.
We wait for the feast and we talk about the baby's room and where to live and when to tell people. I tell her I think I want to write something, maybe even this idea I've been kicking around about a ghostwriter called Fakers. She says she likes the title—fucking right, she does—and she says Forty could tell I was a writer the day we met.
We watch the cars go by on the PCH and we rehash the funeral and she says my eulogy was the greatest thing ever and she wants to watch the video tonight. "Is that weird?" she asks.
"Not at all," I tell her. "Death is weird."
When our food is ready, I walk to the counter and I thank the guy. He's new. He doesn't know me and he'll never know Forty. Love bites into her gordita and half of it falls on her shirt and now I think I piss myself laughing and I pick up a chicken taco and shove it in my mouth so that half of it falls onto my shirt on purpose and now she's laughing.
I slide out of the booth and she keeps her eyes on me and only Love is sexy with gordita all over her shirt. I move to her side of the table and I feel her react to me. I actually feel the love well up inside of her, in her legs, in the way they shift toward me, so slightly, petals to the sun. When I kiss her, she quivers like we just met and she strokes my back like we've known each other forever.
"I love you," I say.
"Me too," she says.
I am smiling ear to ear. If this is how we are after her brother's shocking death and our surprise pregnancy, imagine how good we're going be when we don't have any stress in our lives.
"Okay, I actually do have to pee," I say, and I nod to the guy at the counter on the way to the bathroom.
It's one of those bathrooms with a permanently fogged mirror that's mostly just splinters and graffiti and I can't see my reflection. After I flush, I wash my hands more than Amy did at Del's that day in May. I press the button for the air to come out of the hand dryer but it's broken.
Someday, if I meet the owner of Taco Bell, I will advise him to renovate these fucking bathrooms. I will explain that my wife and I—wife!—like to go to his establishment every so often. I will tell him we would go more often if the bathrooms weren't so disgusting.
I push through the door, excited to tell Love about my plans to renovate the bathrooms at and stop short. Her gordita is sitting there as fat as it was when I left, but she's not at the booth. And the guy at the counter is gone, too. The kitchen is silent and outside the PCH is empty. Nothing. Not a single BMW. Goose bumps cover my body and I run into the women's bathroom, but every stall is vacant.
My phone rings, echoing in the vast silence of this deserted Taco Bell. It is Love, and I silence the call because I know, now, what this is. Love retrieved the mug of urine but the mug of urine was not my only mistake. I'm sure of it. The only other possible explanation for the vacuum of silence is an atomic meltdown, in which case the sky would be orange.
I turn on the faucet. The soap in here is newer, pinker. I wonder if my child will be a boy or a girl. I wash my hands with hot water and I rinse with cold water. This is my last trip to the spa for a while and I push the dryer and the hot air blows. I close my eyes and let my hands take on the heat.
My phone is ringing again. Love. They're making her call me to see what's taking so long. They do shit like that in Dennis Lehane books. But you can't hold it against them; their job is to get me.
And they must want me very badly because the perimeter has been cleared. That's why there's no one at the register and no cars on the PCH. If I had been a gentleman, I would have let Love go to the bathroom first and I would have been the one to watch the cops sweep in, stealthy and silent.
I pull the door and exit the women's restroom. I memorize the tiles on the floor of this Taco Bell and I take one last bite of Love's gordita and this is it. I pull the first door and enter the vestibule. I open the second door and enter the parking lot. The sun pierces my eyes. There is a cop on the roof above me.
"Put your hands up," he says.
He reads me my Miranda rights and cops pop up everywhere, from behind the parked cars, from around the side of the building, from the bushes. I don't care about them. I don't care that I am under arrest for the murder of Guinevere Beck and the murder of Peach Salinger.
What I care about is Love and she appears now with tears streaming down her face. She is trying to run for me but they are holding her back. If she has a miscarriage because of the ridiculous, over-the-top antics of the United States Federal Justice System, I will kill each and every one of these people.
All that evolved Charlotte & Charles shit about trust and optimism is good and all, but not when your pregnant wife is sobbing in the Taco Bell parking lot and she's got gordita all over her shirt and you can't do anything because you have to go to jail. But I don't have to worry. I'm one of the rich people now, the untouchables. These fuckers can't nail me. I'm gonna have the best lawyers money can buy. And let them try proving that I killed either of those girls without a single shred of evidence, without the mugofurine Love got for me.
I lock eyes with Love. I tell her I love her. She nods. Me too. The cop asks me if I'm done and before I answer, he opens the door and shoves me into the backseat. This is real. This is not a minor traffic infraction where they give you a warning and ask you about New York. This is not a jaywalking ticket by some power hungry cop. This is two counts of murder one suspect in custody, over.
Fuck you, radio. It's not over. Not even close.
THE police are so fixated on the past and I want to tell them that it's all gone. I'm a changed man. I saw Amy on the
beach, Amy, the reason I moved here, the person who stole from me and broke my heart, and I didn't kill her. I'm not that guy anymore and this seems relevant, but then legally, it isn't. My brain gorges with my defense, the one that I can't reveal because the case against me is not about Amy, damn it, though I wish it were.
Here's the gist of it. Detective Peter Brinks and the New York Police Department are not like the feminist bloggers. They took the complaints of Dr. Nick Angevine seriously. One of his complaints was regarding Patient X, one Danny Fox. They were unable to locate Danny Fox. It was like he didn't exist.
Meanwhile, in Little Compton, Rhode Island, Officer Nico was spending a lot of time around the Salinger house. In police work, there is a lot of down time, a lot of sitting around, a lot of coffee, a lot of waiting, and while he was sitting around doing nothing, Officer Nico decided it would be fun to flip through a sailing magazine. And in that sailing magazine, he saw a picture of a guy on a boat. The guy was identified as Spencer Hewitt. "I looked at that picture," he says. "And I thought, what are the odds that there are two guys named Spencer Hewitt?" Even though the Salingers insisted on closing the book on Peach, Officer Nico went to the garage that worked on my Buick. He wondered: Did they have a record of that transaction, perhaps a license plate? And they did have a license plate number on a receipt. Officer Nico found that the car was registered to a Mr. Mooney. He read about the bookstore in some BuzzFeed article about old bookstores in New York. He saw the name Joe Goldberg and then he found me on motherfucking Facebook.
Fucking Facebook.
He recognized me and he brought the picture to the Salingers and they knew me, of course, as the delivery boy, as the guy in the bar. So then the red flags were raised. Officer Nico is no dummy, and he knew Peach's friend Beck had also met an untimely end. I almost wish I could have been there on the day that Officer Nico visited Dr. Nicky in prison and showed him my photograph—fucking Facebook—and said, "Is this Danny Fox?"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Official name : Republic of Azerbaijan.
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Population : 7,8 millions (2003).
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Originally from Sydney, Nova Scotia, Ethan Ardelli is a freelancing drummer on the Toronto jazz scene.
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As well as leading his own group, Ethan is currently a member of the Darren Sigesmund Quintet, Nancy Walker Quintet, Mike Downes Trio, Brian Dickinson Trio, Harley Card Quintet and William Carn's "Run Stop Run".


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K-POPPING
#THIRSTDAY
FAMOUSLY FIT
MOND DAYS
SOCIAL STUDIES CLUB
WHAT THE FAD?!
SK-II Pitera
Ryan Reynolds and Peloton Actress Monica Ruiz Finally Meet After Hilarious Gin Ad
by Elyse Dupre | Thu., 12 Dec. 2019 6:20 AM
Peloton Ad Wife Takes the Blame for Viral Video
Ryan Reynolds, meet the star of the viral Peloton ad Monica Ruiz.
The 43-year-old actor met the headline-making actress during an interview on Thursday's episode of Today.
As fans will recall, Ruiz appeared in a commercial for the brand just before the holidays. In the spot, Ruiz played a woman who receives a Peloton bike from her husband for Christmas and then documents her fitness journey. The ad went viral and became controversial. While some didn't bat an eye over the spot, others criticized the commercial, with some calling it sexist. Others claimed Ruiz's character looked frightened in the ad.
"I mean, honestly, I think it was just my face. It was my fault. My eyebrows looked, like, worried, I guess," Ruiz said with a chuckle when asked about the viral reaction. "People were like, 'She looks scared.' I'm telling you: It was my face—that was my problem. It just exploded from there. She looks worried and I'm like, 'Oh no! My eyebrows—they moved!'"
Reynolds' spirits company, Aviation Gin, then decided to play off the viral moment by creating an ad with the same female character—this time showing her drinking with her friends. However, Reynolds and Ruiz had never met each other until today.
"I'm like in an alternate universe right now," Ruiz quipped during the interview. "This is so weird."
Ryan Reynolds Talks Instagram Trolling & More
During the interview, the Deadpool star said he and his team "love acknowledging and playing with the cultural landscape" and thought this ad would be a "great opportunity" to do just that.
"You see everything is sort of divisive these days," he said. "It's like one camp here, one camp there. We had this thought that we could do this ad without contributing to that divide, without really vilifying anybody—just sort of commenting on both the person and the actress in the ad all at once. So, for us, it seemed like a no-brainer and it was a lot of fun to do. It was a rush. We did this thing in 36 hours."
However, Ruiz told Today's Hoda Kotb she considered turning down the job when her agent got the call from Reynolds' camp.
"I had such an amazing experience when I shot the Peloton commercial that I was like I don't want them to think that I'm like going to make fun of them or say anything mean," she said. "But they assured me it was an idea that was just taking air out of the situation."
Ruiz also recalled being catapulted into the viral limelight. She said only her friends and family contacted her about the spot the first few weeks it was out—just to let her know they saw it. However, that all changed once the spot started getting attention.
"Last week, I started getting all these messages from friends and family and it was just like links and screenshots of everyone's really upset. I'm like, 'About what?'" she said. "I'm starting to read some of it and some of it was really negative. So, I was like 'OK, I can't read any more of this.' So, I kind of stopped reading it thinking, it's going to blow over. But it didn't really blow over as quickly as I thought it would."
Initially, Ruiz kept quiet about the situation, again thinking it would just blow over. But when she saw people starting to speak on her behalf and bring up old interviews, she decided to set the record straight on her experience.
"I was happy to accept a job opportunity earlier this year from Peloton and the team was lovely to work with," she said in a statement to E! News earlier this month. "Although I'm an actress, I am not quite comfortable being in spotlight and I'm terrible on social media. So to say I was shocked and overwhelmed by the attention this week (especially the negative) is an understatement. When Ryan and his production team called about Aviation Gin, they helped me find some humor in the situation. I am grateful to both Peloton and now Aviation Gin for the work and giving me the opportunity to do what I love to do."
As for Peloton, the company has stood by its ad. According to NBC News, the brand stated it was "disappointed" its holiday commercial had been "misinterpreted." It also expressed gratitude for the "outpouring of support we've received from those who understand what we were trying to communicate."
"We constantly hear from our members how their lives have been meaningfully and positively impacted after purchasing or being gifted a Peloton Bike or Tread, often in ways that surprise them," a company spokesperson stated to CNBC. "Our holiday spot was created to celebrate that fitness and wellness journey."
As for her future, Ruiz said she hopes the public will remember she's "not actually the Peloton lady" and will "let me work other jobs."
To see her full interview, watch the video.
(E! and NBC are both part of NBCUniversal).
TAGS/ Viral , Ryan Reynolds , Today , Top Stories , Apple News , Celebrities
New Privacy Policy | Terms of Service | © 2020 E! Entertainment Television, LLC. A Division of NBCUniversal. All rights reserved.


Every year, a significant proportion of the world¿s timber is harvested, transported, processed and traded in violation of national laws. Illegal logging and associated timber trade have far reaching environmental, social and economic consequences, including loss of biodiversity and habitats, political instability, increased income disparities and market distortions. While accurate data on the scope of illegal forest activities is not available, the World Bank estimates that losses from illegal logging in terms of global market value are more than US$10 billion annually and lost government revenues total about US$5 billion.
corruption and lack of transparency. Several processes are therefore underway at international, regional and national levels to combat forest crime and improve compliance.
FAO provides support to several countries to strengthen their forest policy framework; build institutional capacity to foster better forest law compliance; gather additional data on their forest resources; and determine the extent and nature of illegal operations. In cooperation with ITTO, FAO also published a report in 2005 which identified best practices to improve law compliance in the forest sector, based on the experiences of countries in Asia, Latin America and Africa. The study is the first of its kind to propose remedial actions and notes that governments are increasingly taking the initiative to design and implement measures to combat illegality in the forest sector.
However, even well designed initiatives will fail unless there is political commitment at the highest level to address corruption and lack of transparency in the forest sector. Improving forest law enforcement and governance will also require better collaboration across sectors and more stakeholder involvement.
formulating policies in the forest and other sectors that take into account the economic and social dynamics that underlie illegal logging.


Is FMC Corporation a Buy?
FMC Lithium will become Livent Corp. after separating, leaving FMC Corp. to focus on agricultural solutions.
Among the three major lithium stocks available to investors today, FMC Corp. (NYSE:FMC) has performed the best since the beginning of 2018. It's not really a close race. The company has seen its shares slide 11.5%, while the stock prices of peers Albemarle (NYSE:ALB) and Sociedad Quimica Y Minera De Chile (SQM) (NYSE:SQM) are down more than 25% apiece.
Turns out there's a good reason for the divergence: In the first half of 2018, FMC Corp. derived 92% of revenue and 87.5% of segment EBITDA from its agricultural solutions business. It's still one of the top lithium stocks and producers, but the fate of the business and stock is largely dictated by the strength of its pesticide sales. Judging from second-quarter and first-half 2018 earnings results, that's not exactly a bad deal for investors.
But with the upcoming spinoff of the lithium segment in October 2018, is FMC Corp. stock a buy right now, or should investors wait?
In March 2017, FMC Corp. stepped in to help Dow Chemical and DuPont complete their megamerger by buying a significant portion of the latter's crop protection business. Upon closing in November 2017, the acquisition made FMC Corp. one of the world's largest agricultural technology companies virtually overnight. The impact is easy to see when comparing first-half 2018 operating results to the year-ago period.
Source: FMC Corporation press release.
The agricultural solutions business continues to exceed all expectations. At the time the acquisition was announced, management expected the segment to deliver about $3.8 billion in annual revenue. The latest full-year 2018 guidance calls for the segment to generate $4.1 billion to $4.3 billion in sales and EBITDA in the neighborhood of $1.2 billion. Much of that is due to the strength of the insecticides portfolio, which recorded nearly as much revenue in the first six months of this year as the entire company did in the year-ago period.
A strong agricultural portfolio is exactly what investors want to see prior to the separation of FMC Corp. into two companies. That's especially true with the lithium segment, which will become Livent Corp. in October 2018, humming along. During the first half of 2018, nearly half of the segment's revenue was derived from high-grade lithium hydroxide -- the sought-after material for lithium-ion battery manufacturing and also the highest-margin lithium material. Management expects the lithium segment to generate full-year 2018 revenue in the neighborhood of $445 million and EBITDA of around $200 million.
While efficient at turning sales into profits, FMC Corp.'s lithium segment will rank third globally behind SQM and Albemarle. As of this writing, SQM has only reported operating performance for the first quarter of 2018. It generated $164 million in lithium segment revenue but doesn't report segment EBITDA. Considering the company's major expansion projects aren't slated to begin contributing until the second half of the year, investors can estimate that first-half 2018 revenue for lithium will be around $330 million.
That means Albemarle is far in the lead with production and sales volumes, but FMC Corp. is holding its own with a strong EBITDA margin.
Source: SEC filings, press releases.
The health of the lithium segment bodes well for life as a separate publicly traded company. It will have its work cut out in terms of expanding production over the years to keep pace with peers, but Livent Corp. is well positioned to do just that. In fact, the company is planning on boasting 30,000 metric tons per year of lithium hydroxide capacity by 2020, 80% of which is expected to be on line by the end of this year. That should help the company to maintain its margin edge with peers, even if the total production volumes keep it looking up at Albemarle and SQM in the standings.
To wait for the spinoff or not?
The profitable growth of both operating segments makes FMC Corp. stock worthy of consideration for any portfolio. Individual investors simply need to consider whether they want to own both the agricultural solutions business (FMC Corp.) and lithium materials business (Livent Corp.) or be more selective once the spinoff is completed in October 2018. Investors that own FMC Corp. stock before that date will receive shares of Livent Corp. once it becomes a separately listed company. Considering the parent's shares are down by double digits so far this year, and the lithium segment continues to be strong, there could be an opportunity for long-term investors at the current stock price.


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Luke Motley, IV follows three generations of bank presidents in small town East Texas. Luke has experienced an early understanding of the fundamentals of business, by and through his family's business and finance roots. Building on that knowledge, through his education and legal experience, Luke brings expansive commercial expertise to every case.
Joining the firm in 1990, Luke has nearly three decades of experience in which he has developed a deep appreciation for working through complex commercial problems with the primary focus of meeting the needs of his clients. He is skilled to quickly analyze a case, offer reasonable and efficient resolution, aiming to save his client time and money. His style can be direct and strong when necessary, or East Texas friendly. Whatever the case, Luke is willing to roll up his sleeves for his clients whether he serves in the role of lawyer or mediator. His proven success in case settlements extends to mediation, arbitration, jury trials, bench trials, and appeals.
As an extension of practicing law, Luke joins the other lawyers at the firm in providing services to small businesses. The law firm recognizes the need for small business clients to remain focused on their mission, allowing them to generate profit and continue on from generation to generation. Luke appreciates guiding clients in strategic planning for business growth, protection of client assets, litigation control and risk management.
Luke obtained his private pilot license in 2001 allowing him to better serve the law firms out of area clients.
Grayson County Bar Association - President 2003-2004.


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Dr Arijit Sikdar
Associate Dean (Education)
Dr Arijit Sikdar has more than 15 years teaching and research experience in leading business schools. His research interests include strategic management issues related to technology and innovation, entrepreneurship and supply chain strategies.
Qualifications: BTech, Indian School of Mines, PhD IIM Ahmedabad
Email: (@uowdubai.ac.ae):ArijitSikdar
Dr Arijit Sikdar is an Associate Professor in the Faculty of Business with more than 15 years of teaching and research experience in leading business schools. Prior to this, he was a member of the faculty at the Indian Institute of Management in Indore (India).
Dr Sikdar received his PhD in 1997 from the Indian Institute of Management in Ahmedabad with the thesis "Managing the technology development process in Indian chemical and pharmaceutical industries". He obtained his Bachelor of Technology from the Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad in 1987.
Dr Sikdar has worked with the manufacturing and mining industry for more than five years as a management consultant before shifting to academia. He brings with him a rich blend of industry practice and management theory.
Dr Sikdar's research interests include strategic management issues in organisations especially related to technology & innovation, entrepreneurship and supply chain strategies.
He has published more than 20 papers in refereed international journals and conference proceedings and his paper on "Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice" won the UOWD Best Research Paper award in 2007. He has also reviewed submission for journals and conferences and has co-supervised two doctoral students.
Dr Sikdar is a professional member of the Academy of Management (USA) and Supply Chain Logistics Group (UAE).


LOS ANGELES – March 22, 2019 – Fandango, the leading digital network for all things movies, has teamed up with Warner Bros. Pictures to offer exclusive advance screenings this Saturday, March 23, of "Shazam!," the newest DC Superhero to hit the big screen and one of the most highly anticipated movies of the season.
93% are looking forward to a lighter superhero movie.
86% are DC Comics fans.
83% are excited to see Zachary Levi as Shazam.
82% dreamed of having superpowers as kids.
Nearly two weeks before the film's April 5 release date, fans and members of Fandango VIP, Fandango's free-to-join rewards program, can get a first look at the film in screenings taking place tomorrow at approximately 1,200 select theaters and 40 exhibition circuits nationwide.
For every movie ticket purchased on Fandango, Fandango VIP members also receive 125 Points. Once members reach 500 Points, they will receive a five-dollar reward redeemable for more movies – either for future movie-ticket purchases or for digital-movie purchases and rentals on FandangoNOW. In addition to earning points on Fandango, Fandango VIP members can also link their other theater rewards cards, including AMC Stubs, Cinemark Connections, Regal Crown Club and others, for even more benefits.
We all have a superhero inside us, it just takes a bit of magic to bring it out. In Billy Batson's case, by shouting out one word—SHAZAM!—this streetwise 14-year-old foster kid can turn into the adult Super Hero Shazam, courtesy of an ancient wizard. Still a kid at heart—inside a ripped, godlike body—Shazam revels in this adult version of himself by doing what any teen would do with superpowers: have fun with them! With the help of superhero enthusiast friend Freddy, Shazam sets out to test the limits of his abilities with the joyful recklessness of the child he is inside. But he'll need to master them quickly to fight the deadly forces of evil controlled by Dr. Thaddeus Sivana, who's got his eye on Shazam's powers and wants them for himself.
David F. Sandberg directed the origin story that stars Zachary Levi as the titular DC Super Hero, along with Mark Strong in the role of Super-Villain Dr. Thaddeus Sivana, and Asher Angel as Billy Batson. Peter Safran produced the film, which also stars Jack Dylan Grazer and Oscar nominee Djimon Hounsou. Firmly set in the DC universe but with its own distinctly fun, family-centric tone, the screenplay is by Henry Gayden, story by Gayden and Darren Lemke, based on characters from DC. Shazam was created by Bill Parker and C.C. Beck. Jeffrey Chernov, Christopher Godsick, Walter Hamada, Geoff Johns, Adam Schlagman, Richard Brener, Dave Neustadter, Dany Garcia, Hiram Garcia, and Dwayne Johnson served as executive producers.
Fandango is the ultimate digital network for all things movies, serving more than 60 million unique visitors per month, according to comScore, with best-in-class movie information, ticketing to 30,000 U.S. screens, trailers and original video, home entertainment and fan merchandise. Its portfolio features leading online ticketers Fandango, MovieTickets.com, and Flixster; world-renown movie review site Rotten Tomatoes; and Movieclips, the #1 movie trailers and content channel on YouTube. Fandango's movie discovery and ticketing innovations can also be found on mobile, social, AI and voice platforms from Apple, Facebook, Google, Amazon, and others. Fandango's video-on-demand service, FandangoNOW offers new release and catalog movies and next-day TV shows to more than 200 million connected, over-the-top (OTT) and mobile devices, while Fandango FanShop curates unique and exclusive fan gear and collectibles. In Latin America, the company operates leading online tickets Ingresso.com and Fandango Latin America.
We heard really good reviews about this movie. My husband is excited to see it.
MARVEL'S GUARDIANS OF THE GALAXY – New Trailer Now Available!!!


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Siou :
Siou, village du Togo
Siou, ville du Burkina Faso

Voir aussi
 Massif de Siou-Blanc

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


MEP Christopher Fjellner is organising an event entitled "Rest in Peace Plant Breeding Innovation in the EU after the ECJ Ruling?" on Wednesday, 6th of February 2019, from 16:30 to 18:30 at the European Parliament in Brussels.
The European Court of Justice Ruling from 25 July includes plants resulting from new mutagenesis methods under GMO regulation. As a result, Europe risks to lag behind compared to other parts of the world where these innovations can be used without overdue regulatory burden. Therefore, MEP Christopher Fjellner wants to host a debate about the impact of the ruling on the scientific community, the plant breeding sector and the agri-food chain as well as discuss policy options for next steps.


Each one of us needs to read for various purposes. Reading fast saves a lot of time. Here's how to improve your reading speed with simple exercises.
Speed reading is all about increasing the number of words readable in a given eye span without reducing their comprehension. Those who know how to speed read, understand its intricate methods. Speed reading eliminates the process of subvocalization.
Skimming, meta guiding, and schematic processing are the three methods of speed reading. The first one involves visual search for words and clues to grasp the meaning. In the second method, the reader uses a pointer or a pen to move faster from every word to word without losing track.
Lastly, schematic processing uses brain mapping to read faster. Here the reader uses the existing knowledge to grasp familiar words and concepts to speed read.
Select a subject that you know well or fairly well. Since you know this topic well, you won't have to spend hours and hours on comprehension. You may come across incomprehensible words. Underline them and move on. Do not get stuck at a sentence. Highlight it and figure it out later. For now it's about focusing on your speed.
If you are a total newcomer to the world of reading, you will have to make a few technical changes. Just as children learn to read, letter-by-letter and word-by-word, you too will have to begin the same way. Apply the basics of meta guiding while doing so.
Over a period of a week or two, you will begin reading words in a block or a line without losing track. Sometimes you may have to go to the previous line or block of letters. Don't be disheartened, but go back if you have to as understanding is also important.
Once you can read a page without going back to the previously read lines, use a timer to note the time. Every time you read, select a different article.
Reading the same article over and over again won't help. The average speed must be about 150 - 200 wpm (words per minute). Thus, you must read about 2 words per second. Once you reach this speed, enhancing it will be easier. Consistent practice will help you get to such a speed.
Speed reading exercises are not only meant to teach you how to read swiftly, but to get better than that too. They say, practice makes you perfect, and trust me, it does. Reading everyday, increasing your vocabulary, and your concentration are the three main factors of speed reading.
Reading newspapers, every billboard, every traffic sign, journals, magazines, books, and just constant reading will help you attain an efficient reading speed. The best way of improving reading speed is to use a pointer to read quickly.
Reading is a great way of escaping the realities of this world by getting engaged in a world of imagination. Reading permits the reader to travel, see wonderful places, experience some of the thought provoking and heart rending moments of life, and above all it sculpts the reader's mind for a broader perspective.
Hopefully, these exercises will help you read faster, better, and for the better. As Charles W Eliot put it, "Books are the quietest and most constant of friends; they are the most accessible and wisest of counselors, and the most patient of teachers." So here's your chance to make new friends and treasure them for a lifetime.


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