Martina Handler is a political scientist and registered mediator with a focus on environment, community development and planning. She has been heading the ÖGUT areas of participation and green investment since 2004. Further topics of interests include: socio-ecological transformation, social and democratic innovations as well as facilitating change processes.
6-8 storytellers (change agents) from the fields of mobility, energy, democracy, home care etc.


India is a country of glorious forts. They are located all round the country and tell the story of life and times of Kings and monarchs in the last few centuries.
Chatrapati Shivaji built 111 of them in just 35 years in Maharashtra! These forts have now come under the Western Ghats World Heritage site, and so no factories or industries will damage this area.
If you are a history-lover, why not visit one of the most amazing forts on the Konkan coast, the Sindhudurg Fort. Built by the great Maratha ruler this fort lies on the shores of the Arabian Sea, some 350kms from Mumbai.
When on this historical tour, you can also relax at the Tarkali beach and learn some new skills like Scuba diving at IISDA. There are places nearby for kids as well.
During the 1600 the British and the Portuguese merchant tried annexing territories through intimidation techniques along the Maharashtra coastal line. Shivaji chanced upon this island Kurte and decided to build fort to fortify these areas. Construction began in the year 1664.
This fort witnessed many battles and remained with the Marathas for many years. The British captured it in 1765. At present the fort is under the care of the Archaeological survey department of India.
One cannot but be overawed by the huge ramparts of Sindhudurg Fort. Did you know that more than 500 khandis(4000 pounds) of lead came from British Godam of Rajapur and sprayed at the base for strong foundation. The fort measures covers 48 acres of land and is 3 kms long. The walls here are 30 feet in height and 12 feet thick. Quite majestic and it provided security to its residents for many-many years.
Discover the concealed main entrance, made of hardwood called Oomber. It is not easily visible from the outside. The thick and high walls were built in such a way that both the sea and the invaders were not able to breach them.
The fort consists of 52 bastions. The defense wall of the fort is in a zigzag pattern. There are two watch towers at a distance of half mile to each other. There are four water wells to quench the thirst of the occupiers, about 150 houses inside the fort.
The flooring was designed in such a way that water drained into the sea without flooding the fort during the rainy season. Even today you can find Shivaji's right hand and left foot impressions in one of the ramparts.
There are many more archaeological features in this site and taking a guide along can help you explore all the interesting facets of this fort.
A visit to this fort also gives you an opportunity to visit other amazing places nearby. Here are some Sindhudurg tourism attractions.
It is just 0.5 kms from the fort. The sea here is calm except for the cacophony of tourists who are attracted to this island in hordes. You can take up adventure and sports activities here such jet-ski, speed boat, kayak rider, water scooter, and bumper boat.
According to locals the sand here has magnetic properties and is a cure for joint problems Food stalls with local snacks and food like chutney Pola is worth trying.
This institute is located on the Tarkali beach itself. It is the first such institute/resort in India dedicated to Scuba diving and other aquatic sport. Among its amenities you will find a 25ft scuba diving pool, classrooms, a seaside restaurant, deluxe suites and twin sharing AC rooms and a Conference hall. The Conference room has facilities for multimedia presentation as well.
Learn how to scuba drive here as both basic and advance training is provided in the institute After training you will also be taken by a coach to the open sea for some real-life experience.
Marine life includes sea anemones, polychaetes, seaweed, mangroves, pearl oysters and coral.
Note, roads inside the market are narrow and are best covered by foot.
Devbagh beach is clean and affordable than most other beaches. Take an early morning boat trip to this place if you want to see the dolphins.
At Talashil beach, the sea looks clean and milky white. One of the remotest beaches, your search for some peace and tranquility can be availed here. Of course public facilities are not good, so taking children could be a bad idea.
Nivati beach is another clean and tranquil beach a must-visit if you are visiting the Sindhudurg Fort. The water here is ideal for swimming.
One can take a boat ride on the Karli Backwaters just 2.2kms from the fort. The Karali River meets the Arabian Sea here and the water is very swift. You can also look out of dolphins during your boat ride here. Take a look at the beautiful forests on both sides of these backwaters.
The rock garden is on the rocky side of Malvan. A best place for kids! Surprisingly, there is no sand here. A well maintained garden and slides for kids. Kids can also enjoy a toy train ride here.
By Rail: First you have to take a taxi from Pune to Mangoan. From Mangoan you can take the Mandovi express to Sindhudurg.
By Road: distance 361kms. There are not direct buses on this route. One has to come to Kankvali from Pune and then take a taxi to Sindhudurg Fort from there.
By Air: Distance: 338 kms. There is a Goair flight from Mumbai to Goa and from there you can take a taxi to Sindhudurg. The Mumbai flight reaches Goa in just under 5 hours.
By Rail: distance: 541 kms. 23 trains ply in this route and you can reach from Mumbai to this fort in 7 hours.
Here are a few hotels that you can stay for Sindhudurg tourism.
Features: Overlooking beach, breakfast, pool, free Wi-Fi, breakfast included air conditioning 5 star accommodation.
A trip to Sindhudurg Fort is a complete holiday! Historical trip, relaxation at the beach, shopping, nature gazing and food trail all rolled into one. Set-off today, as there are more adventures awaiting you at this magnificent fortification of the Maratha Empire. Please leave your comments and add if anything is missing.


text:
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Hell's Canyon National Recreation Area, Snake River — At 10 a.m. on Wednesday, Aug. 2, Zachary Lee Zoller, grandson of river pioneer and modem-day explorer Phillip Zoller, followed in his grandfather and father's wake by be coming the youngest state certified class IV commercial whitewater guide in the states of Washington, Oregon and Idaho, all on the same day Destined for a life of outdoors and adventure, Zachary Zoller made his first trip down the class III-V White Salmon River just prior to his fourth birthday—a trip on which he was ejected from his father's raft at Stair Step rapid, 75 yards of class III fun. Once back in the raft he proudly proclaimed "that was cool" and his father, Mark, company president of Zoller's Outdoor Odysseys inc., knew he had a future river guide on his hands. The younger Zoller holds a modest record on the White Salmon River as the youngest person to guide a raft over the famous Husum Falls at age 12. A home-schooled senior in high school, Zoller plans to attend cinematography school after high school graduation and work toward a career in directing and producing. The Zoller family recently was featured in the premier episode of the new reality show "This Job's A Trip", and has appeared on KATU's "A Northwest" program, and NASE Business Magazine, Puget Sound Business Journal and PDX Magazine. It also was named Washington's "Family Business of the Year". An outdoor adventure company for over three decades, Zoller's Outdoor Odysseys, based in BZ Corner has been solely owned and operated by the Zoller family. The Zollers have entertained hundreds of thousands of guests from all corners of the globe on Washington's best rivers, and on the Snake River through Hell's Canyon.


text:
Häkkänen est un patronyme finnois pouvant désigner:

Patronyme
Antti Häkkänen (né en 1985), homme politique finlandais
 (née en 1971), psychologue finlandaise et narcissisme et psychopathie
 (né en 1936), diplomate finlandaise

Voir aussi

Homonymie de patronyme
Patronyme finnois

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
New fire trucks delivered to Red Lake, Ponemah
RED LAKE--After acquiring funding, the Red Lake Band purchased two new fire trucks which were delivered to the Red Lake District Fire Hall on Wednesday, Sept. 19.
Red Lake Nation recently purchased two new fire trucks which were delivered to the Red Lake District Fire Hall on Sept. 19. Submitted photo.
RED LAKE-After acquiring funding, the Red Lake Band purchased two new fire trucks which were delivered to the Red Lake District Fire Hall on Wednesday, Sept. 19.
The tribe ordered the two pumpers to serve the community areas of Ponemah and Red Lake with adequate fire safety and protection. Both grant funds and finance were acquired to make these purchases.
New Red Lake and Ponemah Fire Departments meanwhile are under construction in both communities. The tribe's community fire departments are responsible for providing fire suppression, prevention, inspections, safety education and investigate all suspicious fires.
Four state-of-the-art ambulances were also purchased earlier this year, two for Red Lake and two for Ponemah, with a combination of a USDA Loan and Grant.
Red Lake Nation ordered the two pumpers to serve the community areas of Ponemah and Red Lake. Submitted photo.
Related Topics: RED LAKE
The search for better bread: Baking methods and wheat breeding may hold key for wheat industry
The University of Minnesota has been researching the effects of dough fermentation and wheat variety in creating bread that is easier to digest.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The rumour is that the Silver Cross Wayfarer is returning…..
We believe the new pushchair in the photos above is the Wayfarer reincarnated for the modern 2013 parent.
This new pram, pushchair and travel system combination is lightweight, smart and contemporary.
All will be revealed at the Harrogate Nursery Fair at the end of March.


Request Endorsements for the Associate Developer Certification.
I've just completed the 'Developer 1' on-line training course successfully.
"The certified Delivery Managers or above, with the e-mails listed below will be asked to endorse you".
How do I contact any of them, when the list box is empty?
How do I mve forward, with this.
Thanks a lot for your interest in the OutSystems certifications.
To become an Associate Developer you can enroll in a training Boot Camp or you request a peer in a project to endorse you. This is so because OutSystems certifies experience, meaning that every certified individual works or has worked in Agile Projects using the OutSystems technology.
Take a look at the certification program here and let me know if I was able to help you.


The Codex Sinaiticus (א) has Apelles here rather than Apollos, as it alsoreads at 18:24. The phrase τὰ ἀνωτερικὰ μέρη is from ἀνωτερικός (510), "upper, inland" and μέρος (3313) "a part, share" (Liddell & Scott) and in the plural here it is "the highlands", butliterally either "the upper parts" or "the inland parts", since in the Greek view of geography to go inland from the sea was to go up. The Codex Vaticanus (B) and the Majority Text want the word for "down".
Both the papyrus P38 and the Codex Bezae (D) agree here also, having "Rather we have not heard that anyone receives the Holy Spirit." In either case, these men were clearly ignorant of the events of the first Christian Pentecost, and evidently also of the ministry of Christ.
The Majority Text adds "Christ" to the end of the verse, where the Codex Bezae has "Christ" rather than "Yahshua".
Both the papyrus P38 and the Codex Bezae (D) add the word for "Christ" along with the phrase "for a remission of sins" to the end of verse 5.
6 and with Paul's laying hands upon them came the Holy Spirit upon them, and they spoke in languages and prophesied.
Both the papyrus P38 and the Codex Bezae (D) have "immediately fell" rather than "came". Here it is evident that the gifts of the Spirit dispensed upon the apostles at Pentecost were still being dispensed. Paul later wrote to the Corinthians that these gifts would one day come to pass, in 1 Corinthians chapter 13 where he said: "8 Love never fails. But whether interpretations of prophecy, they shall be abolished; or languages, they shall be brought to an end; or knowledge, it shall be left unemployed. 9 By destiny we know, and by destiny we interpret prophecy; 10 but when the fulfillment would come, that by destiny shall be abolished. 11 When I was an infant, I spoke as an infant, I thought as an infant, I reasoned as an infant. When I had become a man, I laid aside the things of the infant." Being matured in our faith, we no longer need these signs.
7 And they were in total [literally "all"] about twelve men.
This is the last time that immersion, or baptism, appears in the historical narrative of the New Testament. After this it is only referred to in retrospect. Here it is over twenty years after the Passion of Christ and the first Christian Pentecost, and men who were familiar with the ministry of John the Baptist were not yet familiar with the Way in Christ. Therefore these men were immersed in the Name of Yahshua, but that does not mean that they were baptized with water while the name of Christ was invoked as some sort of incantation. Many professional priests may want to uphold that view, but it is simply not true.
Here Paul is in Ephesos, and it is quite probable that these men helped to form a part of the assembly which Paul founded in that city a short time later. Much later than this, when Paul wrote his epistle to the Ephesians from Rome, he told them that there was "5 One Lord, one faith, one baptism, [and] 6 One God and Father of all..."(Ephesians 4:5-6). If there is but one baptism, and Christ said that "John truly baptized with water; but ye shall be baptized with the Holy Ghost not many days hence", as it is recorded in Acts chapter 1, then the baptism in Christ cannot be added to or layered atop the baptism of John, lest Paul be a liar and there is more than one baptism.
Rather, Paul is no liar, and where Christ is recorded as having said in Luke chapter 12 that "I have a baptism to be baptized with" He was not talking about the already-past baptism of John, but He was rather referring to his own forthcoming death. Therefore Paul later said in Romans chapter 6 that "so many of us as were baptized into Jesus Christ were baptized into his death".
Therefore, to be baptized in Christ is to be immersed into the knowledge of His sacrifice on behalf of the children of Israel, and their salvation by that sacrifice. Once an Israelite receives this knowledge in the Gospel and repents, as Christ said in John chapter 15, "3 Now ye are clean through the word which I have spoken unto you." This is why both Peter and Paul attest in their epistles that baptism is truly a cleansing with the Word of God so that the conscience is clean. The baptism which was with water was a ritual act of cleansing which has long been eclipsed.
There is only one baptism, and it is not in water. "When I was an infant, I spoke as an infant, I thought as an infant, I reasoned as an infant. When I had become a man, I laid aside the things of the infant." If one is still baptizing in water, one is still in the position that these twelve men of Ephesus were in before they met Paul, or that Apollos was in before Priscilla and Aquila "hearing him took him aside and more precisely exhibited the way of Yahweh to him" (Acts 18:26). The Book of Acts indeed records a religious transition, from rituals to faith, and unfortunately most Christians are still stuck on Acts Chapter 2, and they are still infants.
8 Then entering into the assembly hall he spoke openly for three months discussing and persuading concerning the Kingdom of Yahweh.
Wherever Paul taught, the Gospel of the Kingdom was preeminent, and it is mentioned often in Acts and throughout his epistles. The Gospel of the Kingdom is the "good news" of the restoration of the children of Israel to the Kingdom of God with Christ at its head. This is evident in Acts chapter 1 where the apostles asked the risen Christ "Prince, then at this time shall You restore the Kingdom to Israel?" This was the purpose of and the need for a Messiah. And He said to them: "It is not yours to know the times or the seasons which the Father has placed in His own authority. Rather you shall receive power of the Holy Spirit coming upon you and you shall be My witnesses in both Jerusalem and in all Judaea and Samareia, and unto the end of the earth." Christ did not tell them that the Kingdom would not be restored to Israel, rather He only told then that it was not yet time to do so. In the end, Revelation chapters 21 and 22 certainly describe the final and coming restoration of the kingdom to the twelve tribes of Israel. The Codices Sinaiticus (א) Alexandrinus (A), Laudianus and the Majority Text have "the things concerning the Kingdom"; the text follows the Codices Vaticanus (B) and Bezae (D).
The assembly hall is, of course, in Ephesus, a city in the Roman province of Asia which has a quite complex history. The location was the site of ancient cities dating into the earliest known occupations of the Lydians, and predating the Hittite empire under which it was at one time subject. Strabo says that it was inhabited by Carians and Leleges, people who elsewhere - by himself and others - were often associated with the ancient Phoenician settlers of Asia Minor, until they were driven out of the city by the Greeks (Geography, 14.1.21). This was apparently true of all of the cities of the western coast of Anatolia in the 9th and 8th centuries BC, and the Carians continued to occupy the countryside, or sometimes even the cities while they were under Greek rule. For example, Herodotus called the famous early philosopher Thales of Miletus, Miletus being another such city, a "Phoenician by race".
Ephesus was apparently destroyed by the invading Kimmerians in the second half of the 7th century BC. Reoccupied by the Greeks, in his account of when the famous king Croessus consolidated a Lydian empire, Herodotus calls the people of Ephesus "the first Greeks whom he attacked" (Histories, 1:26). Strabo says that after the Lydians took the city from the Greeks the people, ostensibly referring to the Carians and Leleges, "came down from the mountainside and abode round the present temple until the time of Alexander" (ibidem).Ephesus fell under Persian dominion prior to the invasion of Greece by Xerxes, and it remained so until the Greek victory over Persia. Dominated by Ionians until the Peloponnesian War, they were again driven out and it fell once again to Persian rule, where it stayed until the time of Alexander. The famous temple of Artemis was destroyed in the mid-fourth century BC (apparently by a lunatic who torched it), and it was still in the process of being rebuilt in the time of Alexander. Eventually the city came under the rule of the Attalic Kingdom, whose last king died in 133 BC, leaving his dominion to Rome.
Evidently many Romans were already living in Ephesus when it was invaded in the war between the Romans and Mithridates the king of Pontus, who had all of the Romans in Asia put to death, which were reportedly as many as 80,000. Mithridates, of both Persian and Macedonian ancestry, waged war against Rome from 88 to 63 BC.
However he was defeated by Rome in Asia soon after, about 86 BC, and Ephesus once again came under Roman rule. By the time of Augustus, Ephesus was a flourishing cosmopolitan city. Augustus had made the city the proconsular capital of Asia, and its population grew accordingly (estimates, however, range from 33,000 to 225,000 people). Partly due to the harbor it had where what is now called the Cayster River flows into the sea, Strabo called Ephesus the "largest emporium in Asia this side [of] the Taurus" (Geography, 14.1.24), which makes Ephesus the largest trading center of most of Anatolia.
9 And as some were hardened and unpersuaded [or "disobedient", ἀπειθέω (544)] speaking evil of the Way before the multitude, withdrawing from them he separated the students, each day conversing in the school of Turannos.
The Codices Bezae (D) and Laudianus (E) both have "the multitude of people" here. By itself, this English reading is not of significant difference. However in both cases the phrase "of the people" is the Genitive plural of the Greek word ἔθνος(1484), which would usually be rendered as "of gentiles" in English translations. Noticing the interpolation serves to prove the veracity of our assertion which was made throughout the Book of Acts, that when a multitude consisting of individuals of diverse nations was referred to, the word ἔθνος was used in the plural, and in such cases it should therefore be rendered as people in English, and not as nations or gentiles.
While it is clearly a proper name in the context which it appears in here, the word τύραννος is a form of the same Greek word which we would usually translate as tyrant in English. The Codex Bezae (D), aside from other interpolations, and the Codex Laudianus (E) and the Majority Text all have "a certain Turannos".
Paul "separated the students", meaning that those who were persuaded to Christianity would stop attending the Judaean assembly hall in order to be instructed by Paul alone. The Greek word σχολή (4981), from which is derived our English word school, meant leisure or freedom from labor. The Greeks spent much of their leisure time in learning, whether it was of philosophy or any of the other arts or sciences, and wealthy Greeks were able to set up buildings for this purpose. Individual philosophers who enjoyed the support of patrons also had their own schools. Whoever Turannos was, for he is only mentioned by name on this one occasion, Paul was able to use his school in order to teach Christianity for a very long time.
10 And this happened for two years, consequently for all those dwelling in Asia to hear the Word of the Prince, both Judaeans and Greeks.
Again, the "Jew versus Gentile" paradigm of the denominational sects crumbles, many from both sides, Judaean and Greek, accepting the Gospel of Christ. Historically, both populations were for the most part Israelite in their origins with elements of other Adamic Genesis 10 tribes such as Ionians and Lydians among them. One other aspect of these Judaean assembly halls which must be noted, is that being so well attended by Greeks throughout the οἰκουμένη, while the Greeks pursued all forms of philosophy it is nevertheless evident that the learning of the Judaeans could not have been as alien to Western values than modern Judaism is perceived to be today.
The Revelation of Yahshua Christ was penned by the apostle John about 40 years after Paul's sojourn in Ephesus. The fact that Paul of Tarsus founded this Christian assembly cannot be honestly debated. Therefore, the Christianity which Paul brought to Ephesus was true, and was the "first love" of the Ephesian Christians, which by the time the Revelation was written, the Ephesians were already departed from. Thus does Yahshua Christ give His approbation to the ministry of Paul of Tarsus. During Paul's last visit to Ephesus, recorded in Acts chapter 20, he warned them to be aware of some of the very things for which Yahshua later criticized them.
11 And Yahweh brought about extraordinary feats of power through the hands of Paul, 12 so that even for handkerchiefs or sashes to be brought from his flesh to those who were sick and to be relieved from their diseases, and the wicked spirits made to depart.
We have seen much the same testimony in reference to Peter, in Acts chapter 5 where Luke wrote: "14 And still more they added to those believing in the Prince, a multitude both of men and of women, 15 consequently even to bring out those with sicknesses into the streets and to set them upon cots and couches, that upon the coming of Petros even the shadow would overshadow some of them. 16 Then also came together a multitude from the cities around Jerusalem bearing the sick and those being troubled by unclean spirits, all of whom they healed." The apostles likewise testified of Christ, from Matthew chapter 14: "34 And when they were gone over, they came into the land of Gennesaret. 35 And when the men of that place had knowledge of him, they sent out into all that country round about, and brought unto him all that were diseased; 36 And besought him that they might only touch the hem of his garment: and as many as touched were made perfectly whole." The gifts of prophecy, tongues and healing were dispensed by the Holy Spirit to the apostles of the first century in order to facilitate the spread of Christianity in opposition to long-established paganism, the countless Greek and Eastern philosophies, and Judaism. Their efficacy and the countless martyrs who bore witness on account of them prove that Christ is true. Yet as Paul explained in 1 Corinthians chapter 13, those things would also come to pass, and indeed they did.
The word "vagabond" is from a Substantive form of the verb περιέρχομαι (4022), which is literally to go about or around. It was used in classical literature of beggars and other such people. It is of interest that Luke used such a word, as this is the first and only time that such a description appears in the New Testament, to which we may compare Genesis chapter 4, verses 12 and 14. While it is apparent that the Septuagint translators did not interpret these passages concerning Cain in the same manner as the English translators, the Hebrew behind the English versions of Genesis 4:16 sets the context to understand them in such a manner, where Cain is sent to the land of "Nod", or wandering. The Septuagint translators only attempted to transliterate that word.
Yet it can be demonstrated that many of the so-called Judaeans were actually descendants of Cain, through Canaan, and consequently through Esau and Shelah. For Judah's son Shelah had a Canaanite mother, and Esau took Canaanite wives. The Canaanites had earlier mingled with the Kenites (descendants of Cain), Rephaim (giants) and related races, for which see Genesis chapter 15 (15:19-21). The words of Christ in both Luke chapter 11 and John chapter 8 demonstrate that addressing certain Judaeans, He was addressing descendants of Cain.
There are two related words which appear in this verse that should be discussed. These areexorcist, from the Greek word ἐξορκιστής (1845), and the verb rendered as adjure, from the Greek word ὁρκίζω (3726), where the papyrus P38 has ἐξορκίζω (1844). Precisely what the vagabond Judaeans wanted to adjure from the wicked spirits cannot be determined from the text, however it cannot be justly assumed that they would merely expel them from their human hosts. There is no indication in the text that this was their motive or that their motive was just. Note the account which was related at Acts 16:16-18, where certain men gained great profit by their ability to control a certain slave girl who was possessed by a spirit of divination.
Here it is evident that the Judaean vagabonds wished to control the spirits possessing people, by exhorting them to work for them. This is in spite of the interpolations offered by the papyrus P38 and the Codex Bezae (D),which have the Judaeans attempting to expel the spirits. These interpolations shall be summarized here, since with a few exceptions they are quite similar: "Among them also sons of a certain priest [P38 has "high priest"] Skeua desired to do the same. They had [P38 has "Having"] a custom such as those to adjure. And entering [P38 has "coming"] into him being possessed by demons they began to call upon the name saying 'We command you by Yahshua whom Paul [P38 has "Paul the ambassador"] proclaims, to come out!'" For these interpolations and many others, one should be persuaded that these manuscripts of the so-called western tradition are based upon versions of the text which contain many embellishments that attempted to interpret rather than simply transmit the Scriptures.
14 And there were seven sons of a certain Judaean high priest Skeua doing this.
These are those men who were referred to by Luke as vagabonds, and we see that they are related to a Judaean high priest, as all of the extant ancient manuscripts except the Codex Bezae attest. At this time, which is in the reign of Claudius, the Romans delegated the authority to appoint high priests in Jerusalem to Herod Agrippa II. While there are many high priests appointed and removed from office by this Herod during this time, Josephus does not mention any man by this name. However this alone cannot discredit Luke's account, since it is evident that there were many former high priests living at any given time during this period, and that former high priests continued to be called by the title, and also that men of the period had multiple names, there may well have been such a man who was known to Luke by this name, but to Josephus by some other name.
Throughout the Gospel accounts, the demons which Christ encountered both knew Him and attested to His authority. That this demon here did not at all respect these so-called "vagabond Jews" may well be an indication of their nature as broken cisterns, being "trees whose fruit withereth, without fruit" and "twice dead, plucked up by the roots", and therefore having not the Spirit of God they were not worthy of any recognition. The power of God would not assist them, and the demons had only God to fear.
16 Then the man in whom was the wicked spirit springing upon them overpowering both prevailing against them and so naked and having been wounded to flee from that house.
While Christians could indeed do wonderful things in the name of Christ, demons would not respect those who could not be Christians. It is not that the "vagabond Jews" did not "believe" in Jesus, for indeed they were "calling upon the name". Rather, it is evident that since they were not of the "lost sheep" for whom Christ came they could not be Christians, so "calling upon the name" would not help them. Today's denominational sects follow the example of the "vagabond Jews", by teaching those who are outside of the promises and covenants of God to invoke the name of Christ.
17 And this became known to all those dwelling in Ephesos, both Judaeans and Greeks, and fear fell upon them all and the Name of Prince Yahshua was magnified. 18 And many of those who believed came confessing and reporting their practices.
The Greek word πρᾶξις(4234) is, among other things, "a doing, transaction, business...an action, act...practice... in plural public or political life" (Liddell & Scott), and the context being set in verse 19 the word is practices, and not merely deedsas many translations have the word.
19 And many of those practicing curiosities gathering their books burned them before all, and they totaled their value and found it fifty thousand pieces of silver.
The word περίεργος(4021) appears New Testament only here and at I Timothy 5:13. It is an adjective, "careful overmuch...2. busy about other folk's affairs, meddling, a busybody...curious, superstitious" (Liddell & Scott). On both occasions times it appears, it is used as a Substantive, a noun. In I Timothy of people it is meddlers. Here in the neuter gender and being plural it is curiosities, where superstitions would also be appropriate. The King James Version has "curious arts".
The ἀργύριον (694) may refer to something made of silver, or perhaps to a coin such as the drachma, which in Greece was the common silver coin of the time. At any rate, books were very expensive at the time since they were all made and inscribed by hand.
20 Thusly according to the power of the Prince the Word grew and prevailed.
The Codex Bezae (D) has this verse: "Thusly according to the power it was strengthened and the faith of Yahweh grew and was multiplied." The Codex Laudianus (E) has "Thusly according to the power the Word of Yahweh grew and prevailed." The Majority Text has "Thusly according to the power the Word of the Prince grew and prevailed." The text follows the Codices Sinaiticus (א), Alexandrinus (A) and Vaticanus (B).
21 And as he completed these things, (D wants the clause, having only "Then") Paul was set in the Spirit passing through Makedonia and Achaia to go to Jerusalem, saying that after my being there it is necessary for me also to see Rome. 22 And sending into Makedonia two of those ministering with him, Timotheos and Erastos, he stayed for a time (D has "for a little time") in Asia.
We have seen that the Edict of Claudius expelling the Judaeans from Rome, mentioned at the beginning of Acts chapter 18, can be dated to approximately 49 AD. Paul stayed in Corinth for at least a year and a half, and his trial before Gallio, the Roman proconsul of Achaea, was most likely about the middle of 51 AD. Paul then spent an extended but indeterminate amount of time traveling to and abiding at Caesareia and at Antioch in Syria, and then he once again traveled through Phrygia and Galatia before coming to Ephesos.
Now after about two-and-a-half years in Ephesus, it is probably safe to say that it is at least four years since he departed Corinth, and probably longer. So it is now at least 55 AD, and more likely 56 AD, as we shall establish at the end of this presentation where we discuss the writing of Paul's first epistle to the Corinthians, which indeed occurred here during his stay in Ephesus. By this time, Claudius is dead and Nero is in power in Rome. Paul's final trip to Jerusalem, as we hope to establish presenting the later chapters of Acts, was in 57 AD, so there are perhaps two years left to his ministry.
23 And there came about that time no little trouble concerning the Way. 24 For a certain silversmith named Demetrios making silver[B wants "silver", but it is nevertheless implied] temples of Artemis, which provided the craftsmen not a little business, 25 whom gathering also the workmen concerning such things said "Men, you know that from this business there is wealth for us.
The Greek word εὐπορία(2142) is "an easy way of doing a thing, facility or faculty for doing...easy means of providing...2. plenty, store, abundance, wealth..." (Liddell & Scott) and it is merely wealth here at the end of verse 25, but it implies an easy way of making one's living. The souvenir business then was evidently quite lucrative, as it also is today. To these men Christianity was a threat, as it insists upon the putting away of such idolatry and the works of the hands of men.
26 And you observe and you hear that not only of Ephesos but of nearly all of Asia this Paul persuading has changed [or rendered more fully, "changed the position of", i.e. from paganism] a considerable crowd saying that they are not gods, which are being produced by hands.
Demetrius' speech played heavily on the fact that the temple of Artemis provided the city with great financial gain from the religious tourism that it provided, which was threatened by the spread of Christianity. In modern times that same sort of idolatry has taken many other forms. Artemis, an ancient Greek deity, was the goddess of the hunt, among other things, and portrayed as the sister of Apollo. She appears in Greek literature from the time of Homer, and she was later equated with the Roman idol Diana, and therefore most translations incorrectly use Diana in their versions of Acts chapter 19. Artemis was worshiped by Ionians as well as by Dorians, and from the diversity of accounts concerning her origins and supposed parentage, she appears to be a native Greek deity, unlike those which were brought from the Near East or from Egypt. She was portrayed as having certain attributes which Athena was also depicted as having had, such as prowess in battle and her association with virginity, yet Athena can clearly be shown to have been derived from the Anath of the Phoenicians. The temple of Artemis in Ephesus, along with the famous Library of Celsus which was built in the early decades of the 2nd century AD, were both destroyed in the invasion of Roman Asia by the Goths circa 268 AD.
29 And the city was filled with confusion, and they rushed with one accord into the theater, seizing Gaios and Aristarchos, Makedonians, fellow travelers of Paul's. 30 And upon Paul's wishing to enter into the people, the students did not allow him.
The theater in Ephesus was first built in the Hellenistic period, and expanded in Roman times. It had a capacity of up to 25,000 people and is said to be the largest theater in Anatolia. Gaius and Aristarchus are mentioned again in Acts chapter 20.
The crowd in the theater must have been great, and seems to have been gathered hurriedly and upon some sort of signal, perhaps of a trumpet or other such device. The crowd seems to consist of the general democratic assembly of people which was accustomed to gathering in such a manner in order to hear some matter important to the city, however the statements of a certain clerk, or scribe, recorded in verse 39 indicate that this particular gathering was not conducted in the usual lawful manner.
31 And some of the Asiarchs, being friends with him, sending to him exhorted him not to give himself up into the theater.
Liddell & Scott say of the Asiarchs that they were "the highest religious official[s] under the Romans in the province of Asia". Evidently they were wealthy men who were chosen to serve each by and on behalf of their various communities at their own expense, and they also officiated over both the religious ceremonies and the games which were customarily held in each city. It is an extraordinary testament to Paul, that he would be able to persuade such men to Christ, or at the very least even to have their sympathy.
32 So then others cried out something different, for the assembly was confused and the greater number knew not for what reason they had come together.
Evidently Demetrius' words were not very effective at persuading the crowd. Perhaps the charges which he made, so alien to their own religious paradigm, themselves caused confusion among the people. The logic of this argument is evidenced in the words of the scribe which are recorded in verse 35.
Here perhaps the Greek word ὥρας, plural of ὥρα, or hour, was translated too literally. Yet whatever Luke may have had in mind, minutes would seem to be an understatement. The word does not necessarily denote a fixed period of time.
Alexandros speaking in defense, which is primarily what the word ἀπολογέομαι means, he was not necessarily attempting to speak in defense of Christians. It can only be wondered, whether this Alexandros is the man referenced by Paul in 1 Timothy 1:20, whom Paul called a blasphemer. The first epistle to Timothy was apparently written from Greece only a short time after this event in Ephesus (for which we may compare Acts 20:1 and 1 Timothy 1:3). In any case, it seems that the Judaeans here were not necessarily friendly to Christianity, and may have wanted to use this event as an occasion to accuse Christians, as they are recorded as having leveraged the pagans against Christians so many times throughout the Book of Acts.
35 And a scribe putting the crowd to order said [D and E have "And a scribe motioning to the crowd said"] "Men, Ephesians! Now who is there of men who does not know that the city of the Ephesians is custodian of the great Artemis, and that which is fallen from Zeus?
This man being a scribe, or probably a clerk, the word γραμματεύς (1122) is "scribe" throughout the New Testament. The King James Version has "town clerk" here,an inference which is not improper because the crowd evidently recognized this particular scribe as someone whose words had authority.
Strabo mentions the ξόανον(xoanon) in connection with Ephesus in the fourth book of his Geography(4.1.4) and elsewhere, and Horace Leonard Jones in his translation which is found in the Loeb Classical Library edition says in a note that "Strictly speaking, the 'xoana' [plural] were the primitive wooden images which were supposed originally to have fallen from heaven." Here the word is not ξόανον but διοπετής(1356), which appears in the New Testament only this one time, and is literally "that which is fallen from Zeus". In the Loeb Classical Library edition of Euripides, David Kovacs often translates the word ξόανον simply as statue, for an example of which one may see Iphigenia Among the Taurians at line 1359. In that same play and scene, at line 1384, the ξόανον at Tauros is referred to by Euripides as "the thing that fell from the sky, the statue of Zeus's daughter", which was a reference to Artemis. Kovacs says in his introduction to the play "There was a cult of Artemis Tauropolos in the Attic deme of Halai where a kind of mock human sacrifice took place at the yearly festival", in fifth century B.C. Athens.
36 Therefore these things being undeniable, it is proper for you to be keeping order and not to do anything rash. 37 For you have brought these men [D interpolates "here"] who are neither temple robbers nor blasphemers of our [E and the MT have "your"] goddess.
Because there had not been an actual crime against the people or the city itself, there was no legitimate reason to bring the Christians before the assembly of the people.
38 So then if Demetrios and those craftsmen with him have a matter against anyone [D has "any matter against them"], the markets are open and there are proconsuls, let them accuse each other.
"The markets are open", or literally "the markets are going" in the sense of operating, the magistrates of the various cities sat in the markets and heard the cases which were brought to them each day. As we had seen when Paul was in in Philippi, which is recorded in Acts chapter 16, the men who owned the slave girl from whom he cast out the demon had a legal cause [not necessarily a lawful cause] to bring Paul before the magistrates of the city because, whether it was considered good or bad, they had suffered a loss of income on account of Paul's actions.
39 But if you seek after anything further [א, A, D, E, and the MT have "anything concerning others"; the text follows B], it shall be resolved in the lawful assembly. 40 For even we risk being accused of sedition concerning this day, there not being any reason in regard to which we are able to give account about this gathering." And saying these things he discharged the assembly.
If the people of the city had acted rashly, without following procedures proper under Roman law, they themselves could have been accused before the Roman authorities and would be called to account for their actions. It seems that this scribe must have been a person of some authority, and was basically telling the instigators that they did not have the approval and support of the elders of the city for their actions, using the legal language of the day in order to do so. It may be conjectured that the scribe may well have been one of those Asiarchs who happened to be friendly to Paul, or at least one who was familiar with the friendship. With Paul not being present it was easier to defuse the situation since it did not appear that it was Paul whom he was defending.
While Paul was in Ephesus, he had written what we now know as his first epistle to the Corinthians, although there is evidence within that epistle that it was really his second, and that the letter which was actually his first is now lost (1 Corinthians 5:9).
With this agitation against Christians from Demetrius and others which happened in Ephesus, it is evident that by this time Paul already had written his epistle to Corinth now known as 1 Corinthians. Whether Paul was actually able to stay in Ephesus until the Pentecost as he had planned originally is not known. The Pentecost mentioned in Acts 20:16 must be at least a year later, and is very probably the Pentecost of 57 AD. Therefore the last Pentecost which he had planned to spend in Ephesus was probably 56 AD. We shall better establish the dates while presenting the later chapters of Acts.


WE ARE IN THE MIDST OF THE MOST AMAZING TRANSFORMATION!
) Global Meditation Day: Sunday at 16:00 Universal Time (GMT) or at noon local time. Suggested duration: 30 minutes. Please dedicate the last few minutes of your Sunday meditation to the healing of the Earth as a whole. See the Earth as healthy and vibrant with life, and experience the healing of all relations as we awaken globally to the sacredness of all Life and to our underlying unity with All That Is.ii) Golden Moment of At-Onement: Daily, at the top of any hour, or whenever it better suits you.These times below correspond (for most countries) to 16:00 Universal Time/GMT:Honolulu 6:00 AM -- Anchorage * 8:00 AM -- Los Angeles * 9:00 AM -- Mexico City, San Salvador & Denver * 10:00 AM -- Houston * & Chicago * 11:00 AM -- Santo Domingo, La Paz, Caracas, New York *, Toronto *. Montreal *, Asuncion & Santiago 12:00 PM -- Halifax *, Rio de Janeiro & Montevideo 1:00 PM -- Reykjavik & Casablanca 4 PM -- Lagos, Algiers, London *, Dublin * & Lisbon * 4:00 PM -- Jerusalem, Johannesburg, Geneva *, Rome *, Berlin *, Paris * & Madrid * 6:00 PM -- Ankara *, Athens *, Helsinki * & Istanbul * & Nairobi 7:00 PM -- Baghdad *, Moscow * 8:00 PM -- Tehran * 8:30 PM -- Islamabad 9:00 PM -- Calcutta & New Delhi 9:30 PM -- Dhaka 10:00 PM -- Rangoon 10:30 PM -- Hanoi, Bangkok & Jakarta 11:00 PM -- Perth, Hong Kong, Beijing & Kuala Lumpur +12:00 AM -- Seoul & Tokyo +1:00 AM -- Brisbane, Canberra & Melbourne +2:00 AM -- Wellington +4:00 AMYou may also check at http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=09&month=08&year=2009&hour=16&min=0&sec=0&p1=0amp;p1=0 to find your corresponding local time if a nearby city is not listed above.
At this most critical crossroad in this world's history, humanity is slowly realizing that past centuries of warfare against man and nature can and will come to an end only when we disarm within the very core essence from where our thoughts, decisions and actions stem the primal cause of self-destruction and wanton violence.All Life forms are united by the very nature of this magical Life Force that runs through each sentient and non-sentient form of Life on this planet and everywhere else in this Universe and beyond.Realizing, understanding, imbuing ourselves with this incontrovertible and yet unfathomable Reality is the only means through which humanity can come to adjust its everyday thoughts, words and actions to the fact that We Are All One.One could make the argument that our own genetic code already spells out in minute details how closely related we all are from a biological standpoint. But this is not about mental reasoning or intellectual construct. This is all and only about intuitively sensing what has been there all along and opening ourselves to Our Selves.There is no way around the fact that in division and duality we all perish, whereas in unification and reintegration into Oneness, we all survive and prosper.As more and more souls awaken to their innate Oneness with All That Is and actualize this Reality into all they are until the very sense of separation is gone, extinguished, annihilated, it is becoming ever more easier for other awakening souls to likewise tune into this omnifying vibration that resonates like a dynamic magnetic star core in all frequency bands, permeating the very substance of our planetary body and exponentially expanding towards its Fifth Dimensional Accomplishment.The results from this Miracle in progress are astonishing to behold and the upwardly cascading radiance of Love that stems from the center of every single cell of our human bodies in a symphonic chorus of tingling ecstasy is melting the fast vanishing barriers of deception built by fear, hatred and disharmonic vibrations generated by our lower animal nature as our embodied souls struggled through countless centuries of incremental growth towards this critical threshold of global awakening we have collectively entered, starting in August 17, 1987 and during successive other Moments of Cosmic Choice, up to this critical juncture in our specific time continuum.The Time is NOW.Let us all rejoice, celebrate and contemplate in melted awe what is happening to our Selves as we reach up to the last inner key to the final Moment of Choice and Global Awakening.
Your focus of attention is what brings forth the manifestation of your soul into daily life. When was the last time you focused on your soul? This part of you, which is your most authentic, true, eternal, Divine Self awaits your attention. With only a small thought there is a tremendous surge of energy allowing you a deep and benevolent connection to guidance and wisdom. You can be assured that your soul has your best interest as its foremost intention. You can know that the most secret longings of your heart are a part of the makeup of its very being. Trusting in your soul's guidance can become one of the greatest joys in your life.When you become enamored with the idea of knowing the pure depths of your soul, it is like a quest that leads you onward. This forward movement guides your path home to Oneness with all that is, was and ever shall be. At the same time you will sink ever more deeply inward into the deepest sources of your very being. Does this not sound delicious? Allowing yourself to gain a foothold in communion with your soul can assist you in the greatest fulfillment of your spiritual destiny on earth. This is this achievement for which your soul has hungered. It is that feeling behind your thought, the part of you beneath the one that searches constantly, always leading you onward when you find the next earthly goal leaving you still unsatisfied.Have you ever heard the old story about the Creator implanting your greatest treasure into the deepest reaches of the heart, where you would never think to look? In some ways it is very true. The soul is only available when you go deep within your being and find your own personal, authentic and very beautiful treasure.It can be the quest of a lifetime and yet truly, your treasure is not hidden to the heart that is open, the mind that is willing, and the spirit that allows itself to receive love. These are the qualities that spark the soul to pull aside the many veils on the path and gently guide the way into the temple of Grace within your being. Here the soul will speak to you in a myriad of resonate voices. As a part of your personal soul's journey you find those voices that have the greatest resonance and cause your heart to sing with Joy and Gratitude. The more you listen, the more pure these voices become. The deeper you trust in your own soul's wisdom, the more empowered becomes your life path.Extreme measures are often necessary to awaken the human in order to hear the soul's voice. Your soul awaits patiently for your attention, but when the impulse of your original life contract becomes time appropriate, many opportunities begin to present themselves. These opportunities often come as synchronous happenings, "chance" meetings, or nagging thoughts behind your conscious awareness. All are meant to get your attention and for you to take time to witness the communication coming to you from your soul. At the beginning, these impulses may be soft and quiet, but after a while they will gain strength calling on you until finally, all may be stripped away so you have no choice but to listen.How much more graceful would it be to take your accustomed place on your seat of meditation, and ask your soul for the guidance you need to fulfill your purpose on Earth. This willingness to receive opens the floodgate of Heaven's Light. Your soul awakens your inner connection to the deepest resources within your being, and your path gains clarity and joy.It is like a muscle that needs exercise to stay strong in order to function in an optimum way. You may not receive the instant revelation you were hoping for, but with practice and even a small amount of self-discipline, the rewards will be great. When you begin the spiritual practice of attunement with your soul, consider taking some clear steps to set this intention.1. Commit yourself to a minimum of 10-15 minutes every day. Early in the morning helps the day unfold more gracefully and you will find that you benefit more from this quiet time than 30 minutes extra sleep. If you are the type that thrives at night, consider taking your meditation time after your day becomes quiet again, and before you sleep as long as you can stay awake to give your full attention to your alignment with your soul.2. Make the place where you sit as beautiful as you can, uncluttered and clean. Light a candle as a dedication to the Light within your soul. Ask to receive from the deepest sources of your being the guidance you need to fulfill your soul's purpose.3. Consciously breathe in Divine Light from above your head in a sparkling pillar through your body and down into the earth below your seat. You can use white, gold, purple or even a rainbow of Divine Light. These are all high vibrational colors. Experiment to find the one that resonates most with you.4. Have a pad and pen to journal any insights that come to you. Know that through your actions you are "priming the spiritual pump" to encourage a flow of inspiration. It is very individual how the guidance will come to you. There may be a flow of inspiring words, a deep inner knowing, or perhaps you will open a book and the answer will be there. Having your paper ready just in case thoughts come to you is useful to clear your mind, and to let your soul know you are ready to receive insights on your path. Be very open and receptive. Don't let your critical mind get in the way of any positive and powerful guidance you may receive.5. Sit and breathe in Light with a clear intention to receive inspiration from your soul. Stay as long as you can. Know that even 10 to 30 minutes are very helpful and will offer you a sense of wellbeing. The nurturing your spirit receives helps pave the way to a more fruitful and happy future.When you give yourself time to receive from the loving presence of your soul, a new joy and peace will awaken within you. You will feel you are doing what you came on earth to do, even if nothing apparently changes in your outer life at first. Soon you will begin to attract more opportunities and support you never knew before. All manner of assistance will bless your path. You cannot expect it to look a certain way, but if you can continue your intention to receive more Grace, Harmony and Peace in your life, so it will be.This Soul's Journey is the one for which you have been called. You are never alone when you walk the path being shown to you from the guidance within your being. The Heavens rejoice in your commitment to your spiritual path, and you are blessed. Small steps will have great rewards. Be at Peace.And so it is.Shanta GabrielFor Archangel GabrielApril 7, 2009Shanta Gabriel is the author of the original Angel Messages Book and Card Sets that touched thousands of people and opened the way for her new book, The Gabriel Messages, which is now available. This volume of timeless, compassionate wisdom for the 21st century, is personal as well as practical, and provides clear suggestions for emotional and spiritual balance. Shanta leads an Archangel Study Program, as well as Angelic Communion and Angelic Light Therapy trainings. For more information, visit http://www.shantagabriel.com/ Kindly offered by Shanta Gabriel for inclusion in this Meditation Focus.
3.PeaceI am complete in who I am.
Pupose of raising the consciousness of the Planet...to share the news of Ascension.


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Codici
 WOI – codice aeroportuale IATA dell'aeroporto civile di Wologissi (Liberia)

Altro
 Lingua woi –  (codice ISO 639-3 wbw), una delle lingue halmahera-cenderawasih


Gospel music lovers who filled the Hosiana Parish church to capacity last Saturday during the grand finale of the Old Mutual National Gospel Choir Festival were not disappointed with the various choirs delivering their best, and thereby the audience that seemed obvious be starving of spiritual music.
The evening kicked off with a tribute to the late Nicodemus Dantago //Hoabeb, the brainchild behind this gospel festival, who passed on earlier this year. His band members, the Ugly Creatures, celebrated the multi-talented musician's life with a live band as the audience were filing into their seats. The audience, predominantly worshipers created a gospel atmosphere supported by a cinematograph DB audio sound bedecking the venue with their up-to- standard staging and lighting, meeting the soulful performances of all choirs in both the youth and mature categories.
Ephesians Parish Choir who in the end scooped the second position in the mature category were the very first to grace the stage and set the bars too high during the first round of performance, when the choirs were required to perform a song of their choice. Also stealing the show was //Ae – //Gams Youth Choir from Khorixas and Sion Youth Choir who both captured the audience to overwhelming applause perhaps gaining new fan bases for their sharply crafted creativity, well blended vocal repertoires dipped with on-stage discipline particularly during the second phase of the competition when they hummed a prescribed song by organisers.
The Alpha Choir, third last year in the mature age category, also needs mention for a remarkable performance with a song most people related to though not allowed to sing along. The Soli Deo Gloria youth left the crowd yearning for more despite not grasping the attention of the judges in the end to claim their share of N$200 000 in total prize money.
Also in attendance among others was the mother to the late Nicodemus Dantago seated on the front row and Old Mutual Marketing, Transformation and Customer Strategy Executive Ndangi Katoma who delivered opening remarks and well as various church enthusiast.


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Theismann: Face Change Head On
NFL MVP and Super Bowl champ Joe Theismann kicked off the Channel Partners Conference & Expo on Sunday with a challenge for partners to embrace change as an opportunity. "Some of us sit here and wish for the old days … but I say embrace the change," he said during his keynote address, which was co-sponsored by AireSpring.
While Theismann acknowledged he did not know about all the changes in the telecommunications business, he knows a lot about the challenges it brings, and he went on to share a few of those moments in his life. Theismann told the story of one significant change – his last name. He said his college coach changed its pronunciation from a long "E" to a long "I" so it would rhyme with the coveted Heisman Trophy – a marketing ploy that, from that day forward, essentially changed a bit of who Theismann was.
What really changed his life was the infamous leg injury in a 1985 Giants-Redskins game. He was forced to face change head on. "My whole world changed. I wasn't a really nice person … I figured that out," Theismann said. He had to analyze his opportunities and set goals for himself.
Theismann referenced a statistic that said 98 percent of people refuse to take a pen in hand and write down a goal. "How are you ever going to get to where you want to be in life if you don't know where you want to go?" he said.
After setting goals, the next priority for adjusting to change is attitude, Theismann said. "Attitude precedes everything we do in our life," he said. "If you don't believe in who you are, who's going to believe it? … The confidence inside us is the key to our success."
Theismann also discussed the importance of customer service, teamwork and motivation, using the lessons he has learned in athletics to relate to day-to-day business operations. He stressed that communication and recognition are keys to success on any team, on or off the field.
Finally, Theismann noted while business conducted here at the Channel Partners Expo is important, it is not everything. He urged the audience to "play every play like it's your last and live life like there's no tomorrow." He closed his presentation by saying, "It's nice to be important, but it's a lot more important to be nice."
The MVP then received a standing ovation from the audience; not his first by any means, and perhaps not his last in telecom.
Tags: business, change, changed, channel, conference, day, everything, expo, face, going, head, his, important, last, life, lot, news, nice, partners, phone, play, show, success, theismann, trade
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Sentinel (Gbsd) Systems Engineer/ Principal Systems Engineer - 6644
Company: Northrop Grumman
Location: Roy
Requisition ID: R10056922Category: EngineeringLocation: Roy, UT, USACitizenship Required: United States CitizenshipClearance Type: SecretTelecommute: No Teleworking not available for this positionShift: 1st Shift (United States of America)Travel Required: Yes, 10% of the TimeRelocation Assistance: Relocation assistance may be availablePositions Available: 1At Northrop Grumman, our employees have incredible opportunities to work on revolutionary systems that impact people's lives around the world today, and for generations to come. Our pioneering and inventive spirit has enabled us to be at the forefront of many technological advancements in our nation's history from the first flight across the Atlantic Ocean, to stealth bombers, to landing on the moon. We look for people who have bold new ideas, courage and a pioneering spirit to join forces to invent the future, and have fun along the way. Our culture thrives on intellectual curiosity, cognitive diversity and bringing your whole self to work - and we have an insatiable drive to do what others think is impossible. Our employees are not only part of history, they're making history.Embark on a career putting innovative, reliable, and agile products and ideas into orbit, and beyond. Northrop Grumman has opportunities waiting for you that play a vital role in human space exploration, national defense, and scientific discovery, supporting multiple programs across the universe. With us, you'll discover a culture of curiosity and collaboration that will have you Defining Possible from the day you start. Our space systems connect and protect millions of people on earth every day, now and for the future. Explore your future and launch your career today.Northrop Grumman Space Systems is seeking a Systems Engineer / Principal Systems Engineer. This position will be located in Roy, UT and will support the Ground Based Strategic Deterrent (GBSD) program. This role may offer a competitive relocation assistance package. This requisition may be filled at a higher grade based on qualifications listed below.What you'll get to do:The selected Systems Engineer will work with our talented Nuclear Hardness and Survivability team.Responsibilities includes (but not limited to):Interface with inter-organizational management and external Customer to communicate technical briefing and program status.Support Program Management activities to ensure cost and schedule objectives are met; support program status efforts including Earned Value Management System (EVMS) tracking and Control Account Management (CAM) activities.Support the management of critical subcontractors developing and testing tactical missile technologies and delivery of quality products.Support system requirements development, management, analysis, and traceability, to translate customer requirements and CONOPS into systems requirements, and further allocate to lower level requirements.Perform functional analysis and systems trade studies for technical solutions with respect to concept, design, fabrication, test, installation, operation, and maintenance.Assist with the generation of well-defined and executable system and subsystem requirements documents, interface documents, and test and verification documents.Support system/subsystems integration, test, and requirements verification activities.Support system technical performance measurement definition and tracking.Support the preparation of system engineering materials during System Requirements Review, System Functional Review, Preliminary Design Review, Critical Design Review, System Verification Review, Test Readiness Review, and other program reviews as needed. As a full-time employee of Northrop Grumman Space Systems, you are eligible for our robust benefits package including:Medical, Dental & Vision coverage401kEducational AssistanceLife InsuranceEmployee Assistance Programs & Work/Life SolutionsPaid Time OffHealth & Wellness ResourcesEmployee DiscountsThis position's standard work schedule is a 9/80A. The 9/80 schedule allows employees who work a nine-hour day Monday through Thursday to take every other Friday off.You'll bring these qualifications:This requisition may be filled at either a Systems Engineering (SE) or Principal SE levelBachelor's degree in a STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering or Mathematics)A minimum 2 years of related experience with a Bachelor's degree; 0 years with a Master's(Principal level requires 5 years with a Bachelor's degree; 3 years with a Master'sdegree; or 0 years with a PhD)U.S. Citizenship with an active DoD Secret ClearanceAbility to obtain Special Access Program ClearanceExperience managing subcontracts and subcontractor executionExperience with system/subsystem integration, test, and verification.Must have proven experience in communicating with all levels of peers, management and customers in a methodical, detailed and process oriented fashion.Must have demonstrated experience in solving technical problems independently with minimal supervision.These qualifications would be nice to have:Experience with Engineering Requirements Management Tools (i.E. DOORS)Experience with Agile/DevOps methodologies, practices, and toolsPrior Weapon System program experienceGeneral understanding of Northrop Grumman Corporation Engineering ProcessesExcellent communication, mentoring, interpersonal skills, and ability to interface with senior management, peers, and employeesAn active DoD top secret clearance in scope (investigation within the last 6 years) and SAP/SAR program access#GBSDsystemsSalary Range: $71,100 USD $106,700 USDSalary Range 2: $87,600 USD $131,400 USDEmployees may be eligible for a discretionary bonus in addition to base pay. Annual bonuses are designed to reward individual contributions as well as allow employees to share in company results. Employees in Vice President or Director positions may be eligible for Long Term Incentives. In addition, Northrop Grumman provides a variety of benefits including health insurance coverage, life and disability insurance, savings plan, Company paid holidays and paid time off (PTO) for vacation and/or personal business.The health and safety of our employees and their families is a top priority. The company encourages employees to remain up-to-date on their COVID-19 vaccinations. U.S. Northrop Grumman employees may be required, in the future, to be vaccinated or have an approved disability/medical or religious accommodation, pursuant to future court decisions and/or government action on the currently stayed federal contractor vaccine mandate under Executive Order 14042 https://www.Saferfederalworkforce.Gov/contractors/.Northrop Grumman is committed to hiring and retaining a diverse workforce. We are proud to be an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer, making decisions without regard to race, color, religion, creed, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, marital status, national origin, age, veteran status, disability, or any other protected class. For our complete EEO/AA and Pay Transparency statement, please visit http://www.Northropgrumman.Com/EEO. U.S. Citizenship is required for most positions.
Keywords: Northrop Grumman, Billings , Sentinel (Gbsd) Systems Engineer/ Principal Systems Engineer - 6644, Other , Roy, Montana
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Q: How do Variable length arguments work in C? I am trying to understand how variable length arguments work in C.
Basically when a variable length argument function(ex: printf(const char *format, ...);) is called, where the arguments are copied (stack/register?)? and how the called function gets the information about the arguments passed by calling function?
I highly appreciate any form of help.
Thanks in advance.

A: The use of variable arguments list is a standard feature of 'C' language, and as such must be enforced on any machine for which exist a C compiler.
When we say any machine we mean that independently from the way used for parameters passing, registers, stack or both, we must have the feature.
In effect what is really needed to implement the functionality is the deterministic nature of the process. It is not relevant if parameters are passed in stack, register, both, or other MCU custom ways, what is important is that the way it is done is well defined and always the same.
If this property is respected we are sure that we can always walk the parameters list, and access each of them.
Actually the method used to pass parameters for each machine or system, is specified in the ABI (Application Binary Interface, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_binary_interface), following the rules, in reverse, you can always backtrack parameters.
Anyway on some system, the vast majority, the simple reverse engineering of the ABI isn't sufficient to recover parameters, i.e. parameter sizes different from standard CPU register/stack size, in this case you need more info about the parameter you are looking for: the operand size.
Let review the variable parameter handling in C. First you declare a function having a single parameter of type integer, holding the count of parameters passed as variable arguments, and the 3 dots for variable part:
int foo(int cnt, ...);

To access variable arguments normally you use the definitions in <stdarg.h> header in the following way:
int foo(int cnt, ...)
{
  va_list ap;  //pointer used to iterate through parameters
  int i, val;

  va_start(ap, cnt);    //Initialize pointer to the last known parameter

  for (i=0; i<cnt; i++)
  {
    val = va_arg(ap, int);  //Retrieve next parameter using pointer and size
    printf("%d ", val);     // Print parameter, an integer
  }

  va_end(ap);    //Release pointer. Normally do_nothing

  putchar('\n');
}

On a stack based machine (i.e. x86-32bits) where the parameters are pushed sequentially the code above works more or less as the following:
int foo(int cnt, ...)
{
  char *ap;  //pointer used to iterate through parameters
  int i, val;

  ap = &cnt;    //Initialize pointer to the last known parameter

  for (i=0; i<cnt; i++)
  {
    /*
     * We are going to update pointer to next parameter on the stack.
     * Please note that here we simply add int size to pointer because
     * normally the stack word size is the same of natural integer for
     * that machine, but if we are using different type we **must**
     * adjust pointer to the correct stack bound by rounding to the
     * larger multiply size.
     */
    ap = (ap + sizeof(int));
    val = *((int *)ap);  //Retrieve next parameter using pointer and size
    printf("%d ", val);     // Print parameter, an integer
  }

  putchar('\n');
}

Please note that if we access types different from int e/o having size different from native stack word size, the pointer must be adjusted to always increase of a multiple of stack word size.
Now consider a machine that use registers to pass parameters, for simplicity we consider that no operand could be larger than a register size, and that the allocation is made using the registers sequentially (also note the pseudo assembler instruction mov val, rx that loads the variable val with contents of register rx):
int foo(int cnt, ...)
{
  int ap;  //pointer used to iterate through parameters
  int i, val;

/*
 * Initialize pointer to the last known parameter, in our
 * case the first in the list (see after why)
 */
  ap = 1;

  for (i=0; i<cnt; i++)
  {
    /*
     * Retrieve next parameter
     * The code below obviously isn't real code, but should give the idea.
     */
    ap++;      //Next parameter
    switch(ap)
    {
      case 1:
        __asm mov val, r1;  //Get value from register
        break;
      case 2:
        __asm mov val, r2;
        break;
      case 3:
        __asm mov val, r3;
        break;
      .....
      case n:
        __asm mov val, rn;
        break;
     }
    printf("%d ", val);     // Print parameter, an integer
  }

  putchar('\n');
}

Hope the concept is clear enough now.

A: Traditionally, the arguments were "always" push on the stack, regardless of other register passing optimisations, and then va_list was basically just a pointer into the stack to identify the next argument to va_arg. However, register passing is so favoured on new processors and compiler optimisation settings, that even varargs are put as registers.
With this, va_list becomes a small data structure (or a pointer to that data structure) which captures all those register arguments, /and/ has a pointer into the stack, if the number of arguments are too many. The va_arg macro first steps through the captured registers, then steps through the stack entries, so va_list also has a "current index".
Note that at least in the gcc implementation va_list is a hybrid object: When declared in the body it is an instance of the structure, but when passed as an argument, it magically becomes a pointer, like a C++ reference even though C doesn't have the concept of references.
In some platforms va_list also allocates some dynamic memory, which is why you should always call va_end.

A:
where the arguments are copied (stack/register?)?

It varies. On x64 normal conventions are used: the first few arguments (depending on type) probably go into registers, and other arguments go onto the stack. The C standard requires that the compiler support at least 127 arguments to a function, so it's inevitable that some of them are going to go on the stack.

how the called function gets the information about the arguments passed by calling function?

By using the initial arguments, such as the printf format string. The varargs support facilities in C doesn't allow the function to inspect the number and types of arguments, only to get them one at a time (and if they're improperly casted, or if more arguments are accessed than were passed, the result is undefined behavior).

A: Most implementations push the arguments on the stack, using register won't work well on register-starved architectures or if there's more arguments than registers generally.
And the called function doesn't know anything at all about the arguments, their count or their types. That's why e.g. printf and related functions use format specifiers. The called function will then interpret the next part of the stack according to that format specifier (using the va_arg "function").
If the type fetched by va_arg doesn't match the actual type of the argument, you will have undefined behavior.

A: As extracted from ABI document, The method to store all the arguments is provided by the ABI document of an architecture.
Reference Link: https://software.intel.com/sites/default/files/article/402129/mpx-linux64-abi.pdf (page number 56).
The Register Save Area:
The prologue of a function taking a variable argument list and known to call the
macro va_start is expected to save the argument registers to the register save area. Each argument register has a fixed offset in the register save area.

A: C h\s the standard mechanisms to access those parameters. Macros are defined in the stdarg.h
http://www.cse.unt.edu/~donr/courses/4410/NOTES/stdarg/
here you have a very simple implementation of the sniprintf
int ts_formatstring(char *buf, size_t maxlen, const char *fmt, va_list va)
{
    char *start_buf = buf;

    maxlen--;
    while(*fmt && maxlen)
    {
        /* Character needs formating? */
        if (*fmt == '%')
        {
            switch (*(++fmt))
            {
              case 'c':
                *buf++ = va_arg(va, int);
                maxlen--;
                break;
              case 'd':
              case 'i':
                {
                    signed int val = va_arg(va, signed int);
                    if (val < 0)
                    {
                        val *= -1;
                        *buf++ = '-';
                        maxlen--;
                    }
                    maxlen = ts_itoa(&buf, val, 10, maxlen);
                }
                break;
              case 's':
                {
                    char * arg = va_arg(va, char *);
                    while (*arg && maxlen)
                    {
                        *buf++ = *arg++;
                        maxlen--;
                    }
                }
                break;
              case 'u':
                    maxlen = ts_itoa(&buf, va_arg(va, unsigned int), 10, maxlen);
                break;
              case 'x':
              case 'X':
                    maxlen = ts_itoa(&buf, va_arg(va, int), 16, maxlen);
                break;
              case '%':
                  *buf++ = '%';
                  maxlen--;
                  break;
            }
            fmt++;
        }
        /* Else just copy */
        else
        {
            *buf++ = *fmt++;
            maxlen--;
        }
    }
    *buf = 0;

    return (int)(buf - start_buf);
}

int sniprintf(char *buf, size_t maxlen, const char *fmt, ...)
{
    int length;
    va_list va;
    va_start(va, fmt);
    length = ts_formatstring(buf, maxlen, fmt, va);
    va_end(va);
    return length;
}

It is from the atollic studio tiny printf.
All the mechanisms (including the passing the list of the parameters to another functions are shown here.

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Judge Susan Orth set a sentencing hearing for October 29, 2010.
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Deputy Prosecutor Timothy L. Gray handled the case of behalf of the State of Indiana. Brian Chastain represented the defendant as court appointed public defender.


text:
Bringing Assad to Justice is a 2021 Irish documentary film about bringing the Syrian President Bashar al-Assad to justice for  war crimes and crimes against humanity during the Syrian Civil War.It is produced by Anne Daly and Ronan Tynan.

References

External Links

Irish documentary films


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text:
By Kaiyue Yu
Go! Magazine, The Feminine Mystique: Nancy Azara
GO talks to the spearhead feminist artist Nancy Azara about her thoughts on art, feminism and constructions of gender in the modern world.
Experimental art renegade Nancy Azara is a leading feminist artist, teacher and activist whose work encompasses gender equality, healing and individual connection to the divine. She sees "woman's myth" and the diverse cultural processes of ritual as the spiritual sources for her totemic configurations.
Her work manifests as sensitive, revealing, spiritual explorations of how hands and plants help heal our everyday stresses and inner turmoil. She connects these powerful symbols with precise techniques that connect viewers to her own robust personality and unique history, transforming natural wood into totems that are culturally universal in their portrayal of womanhood and Azara's personal journey.
In this exclusive, GO discusses with Azara the spiritual femininity in her artwork, her thoughts on the contemporary feminist art scene, and her ideas on the intertwined connection between gender equality and LGBT equality.
GO: How does Feminism inspire your art?
Nancy Azara: I've been involved in the art world for a long time. Once I understood the social and political experience of myself as a woman, I began to look for a definition…a way to express myself in my art. And I think that has gotten deeper and deeper as time has passed.
GO: We notice that trees and hands are recurring motifs in your artwork. Do they have special meaning to you?
N: "Hands" are really an instrument of making art happen. So there is a fascination with hands in every culture, especially early culture, because they are connected to the expression of creativity within ourselves. The "tree" is such a manifestation of the experience of life and living—the way it grows and the way it branches out. The tree is an excellent metaphor or stand-in for the human.
GO: You've said that you associate "trees" with the symbolism of women. Can you tell us about that connection?
N: Trees have a kind of spirit connection to women, I feel. And if you look at our culture over the years, you often find a metaphor used in art for a woman as a tree and a tree as a woman—the expression of growth and outstretching of itself.
GO: What do you think is the significance of feminist art in today's society?
N: I think that feminist art and art by women— and whether there is a separation and something really different in our expression—is something we will find out, but it will take quite awhile. Women have been unable to make art as a group for a very long time, so the actual manifestation of what is feminist art or if there is difference in women's art will perhaps show itself, or perhaps there will be no difference, but that will be something that we may be able to see in the future.
Feminist art, considering it at this moment, is about intent. It's about examining and looking at oneself and expressing that in a way that relates to people in general—to woman specifically—to reach a kind of understanding that I think is a little different from the way men see the world. And I do find that women see my work in ways that are much different than how men see it. Or, if I have the opportunity to have a dialogue with women about my work, that often doesn't happen with men in the same way. So, I would just say that feminism is about giving ourselves freedom to be who we are as women, without the limitations that have been thrown around us for thousands of years. If you are looking at your art from that point of view, from a way of examining yourself and developing wisdom, interpreting some of the mystique we are confronted with in terms of living—and you do that freely as a woman, then you are expressing yourself in a feminist manner.
GO: How do you feel feminist art is being adapted by the younger generation?
N: The younger generation has a way of looking at the world and at themselves in ways that I never thought about. Growing up in the 1960s was a vastly different experience than was growing up in the late 1990s and 2000s, so it makes sense that the work is different. For instance, the idea of gender and all the definitions of different genders is something that I previously hadn't thought about and requires me to examine and rethink ideas of feminism. Many [younger artists] do performance art, which I'm quite interested in and find fascinating, and it's very sensual in ways I wouldn't have conceived of exploring as a young person. It requires me to think in a new way.
GO: Where do you think gender equality and LGBT activism intersect?
N: I think they're one and the same in many ways. I don't see them as separate experiences; I see them as interrelated. The intersection between the two is hard to discern, one is so closely tied to the other. For instance, I think gender fluidity is such a wonderful word. The concept of being fluid with one gender was, I think, mostly inconceivable 50 or 60 years ago. Now it's something people examine and explore and it's very exciting. Without gender equality, LGBT people have very little chance to be acknowledged as worthy humans. Equal rights are not separate and not in a vacuum. They are everyone's human rights.
GO: Do you have current projects is the realm of feminist art?
N: I will hold a workshop this Saturday [July 23] on self-reflection. This workshop will metaphorically bring to view a reflection of ourselves and examine the different aspects of that reflection through meditation and art-making. Participants will make collages and drawings using various materials such as watercolor, pencil, crayon, etcetera. It will be at my studio in Woodstock, N.Y., and the fee will be $100. For more information, people can go to my website [nancyazara.com] or reach me at 212-925-5777.
In 1979, Nancy Azara co-founded the New York Feminist Art Institute (NYFAI), a feminist art school where she served on the board and taught a workshop named "Consciousness Raising, Visual Diaries, Art Making." She was a participating artist in the third Lesbian Biennial, "A Lesbian Vision: Art By Women Who Love Women" in the Leslie-Lohman Museum Of Gay and Lesbian (LLGAF), and the 40th Anniversary Lesbian Herstory Archives' "Art Benefit Friday" in 2013.