text:
Minin light | Article about Minin light by The Free Dictionary
https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Minin+light
(redirected from Minin light)
visible electromagnetic radiationelectromagnetic radiation,
energy radiated in the form of a wave as a result of the motion of electric charges. A moving charge gives rise to a magnetic field, and if the motion is changing (accelerated), then the magnetic field varies and in turn produces an electric field.
..... Click the link for more information. . Of the entire electromagnetic spectrumspectrum,
arrangement or display of light or other form of radiation separated according to wavelength, frequency, energy, or some other property. Beams of charged particles can be separated into a spectrum according to mass in a mass spectrometer (see mass spectrograph).
..... Click the link for more information. , the human eye is sensitive to only a tiny part, the part that is called light. The wavelengths of visible light range from about 350 or 400 nm to about 750 or 800 nm. The term "light" is often extended to adjacent wavelength ranges that the eye cannot detect—to infrared radiationinfrared radiation,
electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength in the range from c.75 × 10−6 cm to c.100,000 × 10−6 cm (0.000075–0.1 cm).
..... Click the link for more information. , which has a frequency less than that of visible light, and to ultraviolet radiationultraviolet radiation,
invisible electromagnetic radiation between visible violet light and X rays; it ranges in wavelength from about 400 to 4 nanometers and in frequency from about 1015 to 1017 hertz.
..... Click the link for more information. and black light, which have a frequency greater than that of visible light.
If white light, which contains all visible wavelengths, is separated, or dispersed, into a spectrum, each wavelength is seen to correspond to a different colorcolor,
effect produced on the eye and its associated nerves by light waves of different wavelength or frequency. Light transmitted from an object to the eye stimulates the different color cones of the retina, thus making possible perception of various colors in the object.
..... Click the link for more information. . Light that is all of the same wavelength and phase (all the waves are in step with one another) is called "coherent"; one of the most important modern applications of light has been the development of a source of coherent light—the laserlaser
[acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation], device for the creation, amplification, and transmission of a narrow, intense beam of coherent light. The laser is sometimes referred to as an optical maser.
The Nature of Light
The scientific study of the behavior of light is called opticsoptics,
scientific study of light. Physical optics is concerned with the genesis, nature, and properties of light; physiological optics with the part light plays in vision; and geometrical optics with the reflection and refraction of light as encountered in the study of the
..... Click the link for more information. and covers reflectionreflection,
return of a wave from a surface that it strikes into the medium through which it has traveled. The general principles governing the reflection of light and sound are similar, for both normally travel in straight lines and both are wave phenomena.
..... Click the link for more information. of light by a mirrormirror,
in optics, a reflecting surface that forms an image of an object when light rays coming from that object fall upon it (see reflection). Usually mirrors are made of plate glass, one side of which is coated with metal or some special preparation to serve as a reflecting
..... Click the link for more information. or other object, refractionrefraction,
in physics, deflection of a wave on passing obliquely from one transparent medium into a second medium in which its speed is different, as the passage of a light ray from air into glass.
..... Click the link for more information. by a lenslens,
device for forming an image of an object by the refraction of light. In its simplest form it is a disk of transparent substance, commonly glass, with its two surfaces curved or with one surface plane and the other curved.
..... Click the link for more information. or prismprism,
in optics, a piece of translucent glass or crystal used to form a spectrum of light separated according to colors. Its cross section is usually triangular. The light becomes separated because different wavelengths or frequencies are refracted (bent) by different amounts
..... Click the link for more information. , diffraction of light as it passes by the edge of an opaque object, and interferenceinterference,
in physics, the effect produced by the combination or superposition of two systems of waves, in which these waves reinforce, neutralize, or in other ways interfere with each other.
..... Click the link for more information. patterns resulting from diffraction. Also studied is the polarization of lightpolarization of light,
orientation of the vibration pattern of light waves in a singular plane. Characteristics of Polarization
Polarization is a phenomenon peculiar to transverse waves, i.e.
..... Click the link for more information. . Any successful theory of the nature of light must be able to explain these and other optical phenomena.
The Wave, Particle, and Electromagnetic Theories of Light
The earliest scientific theories of the nature of light were proposed around the end of the 17th cent. In 1690, Christian HuygensHuygens, Christiaan
, 1629–95, Dutch mathematician and physicist; son of Constantijn Huygens. He improved telescopic lenses and discovered (1655) a satellite of Saturn and studied the rings of Saturn. His findings were described in his Systema Saturnium (1659).
..... Click the link for more information. proposed a theory that explained light as a wavewave,
in physics, the transfer of energy by the regular vibration, or oscillatory motion, either of some material medium or by the variation in magnitude of the field vectors of an electromagnetic field (see electromagnetic radiation).
..... Click the link for more information. phenomenon. However, a rival theory was offered by Sir Isaac NewtonNewton, Sir Isaac,
1642–1727, English mathematician and natural philosopher (physicist), who is considered by many the greatest scientist that ever lived. Early Life and Work
..... Click the link for more information. in 1704. Newton, who had discovered the visible spectrum in 1666, held that light is composed of tiny particles, or corpuscles, emitted by luminous bodies. By combining this corpuscular theory with his laws of mechanics, he was able to explain many optical phenomena.
For more than 100 years, Newton's corpuscular theory of light was favored over the wave theory, partly because of Newton's great prestige and partly because not enough experimental evidence existed to provide an adequate basis of comparison between the two theories. Finally, important experiments were done on the diffraction and interferenceinterference,
..... Click the link for more information. of light by Thomas Young (1801) and A. J. Fresnel (1814–15) that could only be interpreted in terms of the wave theory. The polarization of lightpolarization of light,
..... Click the link for more information. was still another phenomenon that could only be explained by the wave theory. Thus, in the 19th cent. the wave theory became the dominant theory of the nature of light.
The wave theory received additional support from the electromagnetic theory of James Clerk Maxwell (1864), who showed that electric and magnetic fields were propagated together and that their speed was identical with the speed of light. It thus became clear that visible light is a form of electromagnetic radiation, constituting only a small part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Maxwell's theory was confirmed experimentally with the discovery of radio waves by Heinrich Hertz in 1886.
Modern Theory of the Nature of Light
With the acceptance of the electromagnetic theory of light, only two general problems remained. One of these was that of the luminiferous etherether
or aether,
in physics and astronomy, a hypothetical medium for transmitting light and heat (radiation), filling all unoccupied space; it is also called luminiferous ether. In Newtonian physics all waves are propagated through a medium, e.g.
..... Click the link for more information. , a hypothetical medium suggested as the carrier of light waves, just as air or water carries sound waves. The ether was assumed to have some very unusual properties, e.g., being massless but having high elasticity. A number of experiments performed to give evidence of the ether, most notably by A. A. Michelson in 1881 and by Michelson and E. W. Morley in 1887, failed to support the ether hypothesis. With the publication of the special theory of relativityrelativity,
physical theory, introduced by Albert Einstein, that discards the concept of absolute motion and instead treats only relative motion between two systems or frames of reference.
..... Click the link for more information. in 1905 by Albert Einstein, the ether was shown to be unnecessary to the electromagnetic theory.
The second main problem, and the more serious of the two, was the explanation of various phenomena, such as the photoelectric effectphotoelectric effect,
emission of electrons by substances, especially metals, when light falls on their surfaces. The effect was discovered by H. R. Hertz in 1887. The failure of the classical theory of electromagnetic radiation to explain it helped lead to the development of
..... Click the link for more information. , that involved the interaction of light with matter. Again the solution to the problem was proposed by Einstein, also in 1905. Einstein extended the quantum theoryquantum theory,
modern physical theory concerned with the emission and absorption of energy by matter and with the motion of material particles; the quantum theory and the theory of relativity together form the theoretical basis of modern physics.
..... Click the link for more information. of thermal radiation proposed by Max Planck in 1900 to cover not only vibrations of the source of radiation but also vibrations of the radiation itself. He thus suggested that light, and other forms of electromagnetic radiation as well, travel as tiny bundles of energy called light quanta, or photonsphoton
, the particle composing light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation, sometimes called light quantum. The photon has no charge and no mass. About the beginning of the 20th cent.
..... Click the link for more information. . The energy of each photon is directly proportional to its frequency.
With the development of the quantum theory of atomic and molecular structure by Niels Bohr and others, it became apparent that light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation are emitted and absorbed in connection with energy transitions of the particles of the substance radiating or absorbing the light. In these processes, the quantum, or particle, nature of light is more important than its wave nature. When the transmission of light is under consideration, however, the wave nature dominates over the particle nature. In 1924, Louis de Broglie showed that an analogous picture holds for particle behavior, with moving particles having certain wavelike properties that govern their motion, so that there exists a complementarity between particles and waves known as particle-wave duality (see also complementarity principlecomplementarity principle,
physical principle enunciated by Niels Bohr in 1928 stating that certain physical concepts are complementary. If two concepts are complementary, an experiment that clearly illustrates one concept will obscure the other complementary one.
..... Click the link for more information. ). The quantum theory of light has successfully explained all aspects of the behavior of light.
The Speed of Light
An important question in the history of the study of light has been the determination of its speed and of the relationship of this speed to other physical phenomena. At one time it was thought that light travels with infinite speed—i.e., it is propagated instantaneously from its source to an observer. Olaus Rømer showed that it was finite, however, and in 1675 estimated its value from differences in the time of eclipse of certain of Jupiter's satellites when observed from different points in the earth's orbit. More accurate measurements were made during the 19th cent. by A. H. L. Fizeau (1849), using a toothed wheel to interrupt the light, and by J. B. L. Foucault (1850), using a rotating mirror. The most accurate measurements of this type were made by Michelson. Modern electronic methods have improved this accuracy, yielding a value of 2.99792458 × 108 m (c.186,000 mi) per sec for the speed of light in a vacuum, and less for its speed in other media. The theory of relativity predicts that the speed of light in a vacuum is the limiting velocity for material particles; no particle can be accelerated from rest to the speed of light, although it may approach it very closely. Particles moving at less than the speed of light in a vacuum but greater than that of light in some other medium will emit a faint blue light known as Cherenkov radiationCherenkov radiation
or Cerenkov radiation
[for P. A. Cherenkov], light emitted by a transparent medium when charged particles pass through it at a speed greater than the speed of light in the medium.
..... Click the link for more information. when they pass through the other medium. This phenomenon has been used in various applications involving elementary particleselementary particles,
the most basic physical constituents of the universe. Basic Constituents of Matter
Molecules are built up from the atom, which is the basic unit of any chemical element. The atom in turn is made from the proton, neutron, and electron.
Luminous and Illuminated Bodies
In general, visionvision,
physiological sense of sight by which the form, color, size, movements, and distance of objects are perceived. Vision in Humans
The human eye functions somewhat like a camera; that is, it receives and focuses light upon a photosensitive receiver, the retina.
..... Click the link for more information. is due to the stimulation of the optic nerves in the eye by light either directly from its source or indirectly after reflection from other objects. A luminous body, such as the sun, another star, or a light bulb, is thus distinguished from an illuminated body, such as the moon and most of the other objects one sees. The amount and type of light given off by a luminous body or reflected by an illuminated body is of concern to the branch of physics known as photometryphotometry
, branch of physics dealing with the measurement of the intensity of a source of light, such as an electric lamp, and with the intensity of light such a source may cast on a surface area.
..... Click the link for more information. (see also lightinglighting,
light produced by artificial means to allow visibility in enclosures and at night. For stage lighting, see scene design and stage lighting. Early Sources of Artificial Lighting
..... Click the link for more information. ). Illuminated bodies not only reflect light but sometimes also transmit it. Transparent objects, such as glass, air, and some liquids, allow light to pass through them. Translucent objects, such as tissue paper and certain types of glass, also allow light to pass through them but diffuse (scatter) it in the process, so that an observer cannot see a clear image of whatever lies on the other side of the object. Opaque objects do not allow light to pass through them at all. Some transparent and translucent objects allow only light of certain wavelengths to pass through them and thus appear colored. The colors of opaque objects are caused by selective reflection of certain wavelengths and absorption of others.
See W. L. Bragg, The Universe of Light (1959); J. Rublowsky, Light (1964); H. Haken, Light (1981).
The term light, as commonly used, refers to the kind of radiant electromagnetic energy that is associated with vision. In a broader sense, light includes the entire range of radiation known as the electromagnetic spectrum. The branch of science dealing with light, its origin and propagation, its effects, and other phenomena associated with it is called optics. Spectroscopy is the branch of optics that pertains to the production and investigation of spectra. See Optics, Spectroscopy
Principal effects
The electromagnetic spectrum is a broad band of radiant energy that extends over a range of wavelengths running from trillionths of inches to hundreds of miles; wavelengths of visible light are measured in hundreds of thousandths of an inch. Arranged in order of increasing wavelength, the radiation making up the electromagnetic spectrum is termed gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet rays, visible light, infrared waves, microwaves, radio waves, and very long electromagnetic waves. See Electromagnetic radiation
The fact that light travels at a finite speed or velocity is well established. In round numbers, the speed of light in vacuum or air may be said to be 186,000 mi/s or 300,000 km/s. Measurements of the speed of light, c, which had attracted physicists for 308 years, came to an end in 1983 when the new definition of the meter fixed the value of the speed of light. Highly precise values of c were obtained by extending absolute frequency measurements into a region of the electromagnetic spectrum where wavelengths can be most accurately measured. These advances were facilitated by the use of stabilized lasers and high-speed tungsten-nickel diodes which were used to measure the lasers' frequencies. The measurements of the speed of light and of the frequency of lasers yielded a value of the speed of light limited only by the standard of length which was then in use. This permitted a redefinition of the meter in which the value of the speed of light assumed an exact value, 299,792,458 m/s. The meter is defined as the length of the path traveled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/299 792 458 of a second. See Laser
One of the most easily observed facts about light is its tendency to travel in straight lines. Careful observation shows, however, that a light ray spreads slightly when passing the edges of an obstacle. This phenomenon is called diffraction. The reflection of light is also well known. Reflection of light from smooth optical surfaces occurs so that the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence, a fact that is most readily observed with a plane mirror. When light is reflected irregularly and diffusely, the phenomenon is termed scattering. The scattering of light by gas particles in the atmosphere causes the blue color of the sky. See Diffraction, Reflection of electromagnetic radiation
The type of bending of light rays called refraction is caused by the fact that light travels at different speeds in different media—faster, for example, in air than in either glass or water. Refraction occurs when light passes from one medium to another in which it moves at a different speed. Familiar examples include the change in direction of light rays in going through a prism, and the bent appearance of a slick partially immersed in water. See Refraction of waves
In the phenomenon called interference, rays of light emerging from two parallel slits combine on a screen to produce alternating light and dark bands. This effect can be obtained quite easily in the laboratory, and is observed in the colors produced by a thin film of oil on the surface of a pool of water. Polarization of light is usually shown with Polaroid disks. Such disks are quite transparent individually. When two of them are placed together, however, the degree of transparency of the combination depends upon the relative orientation of the disks. It can be varied from ready transmission of light to almost total opacity, simply by rotating one disk with respect to the other. See Interference of waves, Polarized light
When light is absorbed by certain substances, chemical changes take place. This fact forms the basis for the science of photochemistry.
Phenomena involving light may be classed into three groups: electromagnetic wave phenomena, corpuscular or quantum phenomena, and relativistic effects. The relativistic effects appear to influence similarly the observation of both corpuscular and wave phenomena. See Relativity
Wave phenomena
Interference and diffraction are the most striking manifestations of the wave character of light. Their fundamental similarity can be demonstrated in a number of experiments. The wave aspect of the entire spectrum of electromagnetic radiation is most convincingly shown by the similarity of diffraction pictures produced on a photographic plate, placed at some distance behind a diffraction grating, by radiations of different frequencies, such as x-rays and visible light. The interference phenomena of light are, moreover, very similar to interference of electronically produced microwaves and radio waves.
Polarization demonstrates the transverse character of light waves. Further proof of the electromagnetic character of light is found in the possibility of inducing, in a transparent body that is being traversed by a beam of plane-polarized light, the property of rotating the plane of polarization of the beam when the body is placed in a magnetic field. See Faraday effect
The fact that the velocity of light had been calculated from electric and magnetic parameters (permittivity and permeability) was at the root of Maxwell's conclusion in 1865 that "light, including heat and other radiations if any, is a disturbance in the form of waves propagated…according to electromagnetic laws." Finally, the observation that electrons and neutrons can give rise to diffraction patterns quite similar to those produced by visible light has made it necessary to ascribe a wave character to particles. See Electron diffraction, Neutron diffraction
Corpuscular phenomena
In its interactions with matter, light exchanges energy only in discrete amounts, called quanta. This fact is difficult to reconcile with the idea that light energy is spread out in a wave, but is easily visualized in terms of corpuscles, or photons, of light.
The radiation from theoretically perfect heat radiators, called blackbodies, involves the exchange of energy between radiation and matter in an enclosed cavity. The observed frequency distribution of the radiation emitted by the enclosure at a given temperature of the cavity can be correctly described by theory only if one assumes that light of frequency ν is absorbed in integral multiples of a quantum of energy equal to hν, where h is a fundamental physical constant called Planck's constant.
When a monochromatic beam of electromagnetic radiation illuminates the surface of a solid (or less commonly, a liquid), electrons are ejected from the surface in the phenomenon known as photoemission or the external photoelectric effect. It is found that the emission of these photoelectrons, as they are called, is immediate, and independent of the intensity of the light beam, even at very low light intensities. This fact excludes the possibility of accumulation of energy from the light beam until an amount corresponding to the kinetic energy of the ejected electron has been reached.
The scattering of x-rays of frequency ν0 by the lighter elements is caused by the collision of x-ray photons with electrons. Under such circumstances, both a scattered x-ray photon and a scattered electron are observed, and the scattered x-ray has a lower frequency than the impinging x-ray. The kinetic energy of the impinging x-ray, the scattered x-ray, and the scattered electron, as well as their relative directions, are in agreement with calculations involving the conservation of energy and momentum. See Compton effect, Heat radiation, Photon
Quantum theories
The need for reconciling Maxwell's theory of the electromagnetic field, which describes the electromagnetic wave character of light, with the particle nature of photons, which demonstrates the equally important corpuscular character of light, has resulted in the formulation of several theories which go a long way toward giving a satisfactory unified treatment of the wave and the corpuscular picture. These theories incorporate, on one hand, the theory of quantum electrodynamics, first set forth by P. A. M. Dirac, P. Jordan, W. Heisenberg, and W. Pauli, and on the other, the earlier quantum mechanics of L. de Broglie, Heisenberg, and E. Schrödinger. Unresolved theoretical difficulties persist, however, in the higher-than-first approximations of the interactions between light and elementary particles.
Dirac's synthesis of the wave and corpuscular theories of light is based on rewriting Maxwell's equations in a Hamiltonian form resembling the Hamiltonian equations of classical mechanics. Using the same formalism involved in the transformation of classical into wave-mechanical equations by the introduction of the quantum of action hν, Dirac obtained a new equation of the electromagnetic field. The solutions of this equation require quantized waves, corresponding to photons. The superposition of these solutions represents the electromagnetic field. The quantized waves are subject to Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. The quantized description of radiation cannot be taken literally in terms of either photons or waves, but rather is a description of the probability of occurrence in a given region of a given interaction or observation. See Hamilton's equations of motion, Quantum electrodynamics, Quantum field theory, Quantum mechanics, Relativistic quantum theory, Uncertainty principle
Electromagnetic radiation to which the human eye is sensitive; light is thus also called visible or optical radiation. The wavelength range varies from person to person but usually lies within the limits of 380 to 750 nanometers (daytime). Light therefore forms a very narrow band of the electromagnetic spectrum between the infrared and ultraviolet bands. As the wavelength decreases, the color of the light changes through the spectral hues of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. These colors, which may be seen in a rainbow or produced by a prism, form the visible spectrum. In daylight, the eye is most sensitive to greenish-yellow light of wavelength about 550 nm; the dark-adapted eye has peak sensitivity around 510 nm, the range extending to about 620 nm. Optical astronomy covers wavelengths from about 300 to 900 nm, i.e. slightly wider than the human range. The Earth's atmosphere is transparent to light so that astronomy at optical wavelengths has not experienced the problems with detection and observation that have bedeviled studies at other wavelengths. Atmospheric turbulence does, however, adversely affect ground-based optical astronomy, as do clouds and precipitation. See atmospheric windows. See also light pollution.
An opening through which daylight is admitted to the interior space of a building; a pane of glass, window, or compartment of a window.
(religion, spiritualism, and occult)
Light is the oldest British Spiritualist journal, founded in 1881 by William Stainton Moses and Dawson Rogers. It was issued weekly. In recent years it was issued as the official journal of the College of Psychic Studies, London, England.
Fodor, Nandor: Encyclopedia of Psychic Science. London: Arthurs Press, 1933
(1) In the narrow sense, light is visible radiation, that is, electromagnetic waves in the range of frequencies perceived by the human eye. This range extends from 7.5 × 1014 to 4.3 × 1014 hertz (Hz) and corresponds to the range of wavelengths in a vacuum from 400 to 700 nanometers (nm). The eye is able to detect light of very high intensity in a somewhat broader frequency range. The spectral sensitivity of the average human eye—that is, the dependence of the eye's sensitivity to light on the frequency of the light—is characterized by the spectral luminous efficiency curve, or luminosity curve. Calculations in illuminating engineering are based on this curve. In the general case, but not in every individual case, differences in light-wave frequencies or sets of frequencies are peceived by man as differences in color.
(2) In the broad sense, light is optical radiation and includes radiation in the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared regions of the spectrum. The range of frequencies in this case extends from approximately 3 × 1011 Hz to approximately 3 × 1017 Hz; the corresponding range of wavelengths in a vacuum is from 1 mm to 1 nm. In this optical range the physical properties of the radiation share many common features, and the same methods can to a large extent be used to investigate radiation throughout the range (see). In particular, it is in the optical range that the wave and corpuscular properties of electromagnetic radiation begin to show up simultaneously in a clear manner.
The principal phenomena characteristic of light and of the processes of the interaction of light with matter are discussed in various articles of the encyclopedia, including DIFFRACTION OF LIGHT, INTERFERENCE OF LIGHT, CRYSTAL OPTICS, MAGNETO-OPTICS, METAL OPTICS, OPTICAL ACTIVITY, REFLECTION OF LIGHT, ABSORPTION OF LIGHT, REFRACTION OF LIGHT, POLARIZATION OF LIGHT, AND SCATTERING OF LIGHT.
A. P. GAGARIN
What does it mean when you dream about a light?
Illumination in a dream can symbolize the shedding of light on a situation or problem, enlightenment of one's consciousness, and lighting the way on a physical or spiritual journey. The extinguishing of light may signify the end of an old situation. Spiritually, this is a very positive symbol.
[līt]
(optics)
Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths capable of causing the sensation of vision, ranging approximately from 400 (extreme violet) to 770 nanometers (extreme red). Also known as light radiation; visible radiation.
More generally, electromagnetic radiation of any wavelength; thus, the term is sometimes applied to infrared and ultraviolet radiation.
1. An aperture through which daylight is admitted to the interior of a building.
2. A pane of glass, a window, or a compartment of a window.
3. An artificial source of illumination. Also see ceiling light, dead light, divided light, dome light, elliptical fanlight, fanlight, lantern light, leaded light, pavement light, quarter-round light, semi-circular light, semielliptical light, sidelight, skylight, sodium light, sunburst light, transom light.
4. A spirelight.
god of light. [Gk. Myth.: Espy, 28]
twin gods of light. [Hindu Myth.: Bent, 60]
god of light and peace. [Norse Myth.: Leach, 106]
Jesus Christ "I
am the light of the world." [N.T.: John 8:12]
god of light. [Pers. Myth.: Wheeler, 246]
patée cross
four spear-headed arms; symbolizes solar light. [Christian Iconog.: Brewer Dictionary, 280; Jobes, 386]
electromagnetic radiation that is capable of causing a visual sensation and has wavelengths from about 380 to about 780 nanometres
1. having relatively low density
2. relatively low in alcoholic content
3. (of an industry) engaged in the production of small consumer goods using light machinery
4. Aeronautics (of an aircraft) having a maximum take-off weight less than 5670 kilograms (12 500 pounds)
5. Chem (of an oil fraction obtained from coal tar) having a boiling range between about 100? and 210?C
6. (of a railway) having a narrow gauge, or in some cases a standard gauge with speed or load restrictions not applied to a main line
7. Bridge
a. (of a bid) made on insufficient values
b. (of a player) having failed to take sufficient tricks to make his contract
LIfecycle Global HyperText.
A project in the CERN ECP/TP group whereby documents resulting from the software life cycle are available as hypertext.
Whether you are dreaming or awake, light is a very positive symbol. It represents enlightenment, lifting of shadow, the acquisition of understanding and knowledge, and a positive force. Depending on the details of the dream, you may give the light spiritual or physical meaning. For some, the light may represent a higher force or power, God's presence, or rays of His love and peace. Others may find this dream reassuring as it may represent a well-lit journey through life, or simply a solution to a current problem. Light always refers to consciousness.
Absorption of Light
Adventurousness
aeronautical ground light
airport lighting
Attenuator, Light
Boastfulness
Diffraction of Light
Dispersion of Light
minimum seek time
minimum signal level
minimum thermometer
minimum turning circle
minimum vectoring altitude
minimum vertex cover
minimum wetting rate
minimum-access coding
minimum-access programming
minimum-access routine
minimum-altitude bombing
minimum-delay coding
minimum-distance code
minimum-latency coding
minimum-latency programming
minimum-latency routine
minimum-loss attenuator
minimum-loss matching
minimum-loss pad
minimum-modulus theorem
minimum-phase system
minimum-shock boom
minimum-variance estimator
Minin light
Minin, Fedor
Minin, Fedor Alekseevich
Minin, Kuzma
Minin, Sergei
Minin, Sergei Konstantinovich
Mining Allotment
Mining and Chemical Industry
mining camp
mining claim
Mining Congresses, World
Mining Education
mining effect
Mining Excavation
Mining Excavations
Mining Geometry
mining ground
mining hazard
Mining Institute
Mining Institutes
minimum-risk route
Minimum-variance frontier
Minimum-Variance Frontiers
Minimum-Variance Hedge Ratio
Minimum-variance portfolio
Minimum-Variance Portfolios
Minimum-wage job
Minimum-Weighted Cycle Cover
Minimum-Weighted Height
Minimum/Maintenance Replacement Unit
Minimum/Minimal Lethal Dose
minimyosin
Minin, A.V.
Minin, AV
Mining Alarming Incidents from Data Streams
Mining and Cataloging
Mining and Energy Research Network
Mining and Environment Research Network
Mining and Environmental Geology
Mining and Management of Biological Data
Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan
Mining and Metallurgical Institute of Japan
Mining and Metallurgical Society of America
Mining and Mineral Resources Building
Mining and Mineral Sciences Laboratories
Mining and Petroleum Training Service
Mining and Quarrying Occupational Health and Safety Committee
Mining and Reclamation Advisory Board


text:
module GoogleDirections
  class Leg
    attr_accessor :distance, :duration, :end_address, :end_location, :start_address, :start_location, :steps, :via_waypoint, :departure_time, :arrival_time

    def initialize leg
      self.distance = leg[:distance]
      self.duration = leg[:duration]
      self.start_address = leg[:start_address]
      self.start_location = leg[:start_location]
      self.end_address = leg[:end_address]
      self.end_location = leg[:end_location]
      self.steps =[]
      leg[:steps].each { |step|
        self.steps << Step.new(step)
      }
      self.via_waypoint = leg[:via_waypoint]
      self.departure_time = leg[:departure_time]
      self.arrival_time = leg[:arrival_time]
    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home Auto News Tesla CEO Elon Musk puts two homes on market after vow to sell most possessions
Tesla CEO Elon Musk puts two homes on market after vow to sell most possessions
Elon Musk is seeking a combined $39.5 million for the Bel Air properties.
| Updated on: 05 May 2020, 09:28 AM
Elon Musk, in one of his many tweets recently, had said that he would be selling "almost all" of his physical possessions. (AP)
Tesla Inc. Chief Executive Officer Elon Musk listed two of his California homes for sale Sunday, days after announcing that he would get rid of most of his possessions.
He's seeking a combined $39.5 million for the Bel Air properties, including one that was previously owned by the late Gene Wilder, according to the listings on Zillow.
Check latest offers Add to compare
Both are for sale by owner.
(Also read: Elon Musk and girlfriend welcome first child together)
Musk, 48, posted more than a dozen tweets in less than 75 minutes on Friday, including one in which he said he's selling "almost all" of his physical possessions. In another, he said he believed Tesla's stock price was too high, prompting a 10% plunge on the day.
As for high-end Los Angeles real estate, it's not exactly a seller's market at the moment. Sales of luxury homes already were suffering from a supply glut and weak demand before the coronavirus pandemic stopped most showings. Fewer buyers were coming from China, Russia and the Middle East amid international tensions, and limits on state and local tax deductions dampened the appeal of owning California homes for wealthy U.S. buyers.
With demand slowing, more and more would-be sellers are taking their homes off the market, said Beverly Hills real estate agent Jade Mills. But shrinking inventory means some homes will still find buyers.
"People are still having to move and relocate, even within California," she said. "I'm seeing people still having to buy and sell. This isn't necessarily bad timing."
Even with Friday's stock swoon and the pandemic, Musk and Tesla are having a pretty good 2020.
The shares surged 68% this year through Friday, helping to boost his net worth by $8.3 billion, the second-most of anyone in the 500-member Bloomberg Billionaires Index, after Amazon.com Inc.'s Jeff Bezos, the world's richest person. Musk ranks No. 24 on the list, with a $35.9 billion fortune. Tesla rebounded Monday, advancing 4.7% to $734.08 at 1:38 p.m. in New York.
Read more: Tesla Falls as Musk Says Stock Too High in 2018-Style Tweets
Musk bought the two homes in 2012 and 2013 for a total of about $24 million. They form part of a five-house collection he owns overlooking Bel-Air Country Club.
In 2018 he turned to Morgan Stanley for $61 million of mortgages. The two homes he's now looking to unload account for about $26.3 million of that total.
See also: Musk on Cusp of $730 Million Award, Even After Tweet Tanks Stock
Bel Air is among the most expensive districts in Los Angeles. The median home value in the 90077 ZIP code is $2.78 million, according to Zillow. Notable Bel Air homeowners include Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin and Beyonce.
Business Insider reported on the real estate listings earlier Monday.
First Published Date: 05 May 2020, 09:27 AM IST
TAGS: Elon Musk Tesla
Tata Safari Dark Edition launch tomorrow: What to expect
After Telangana, two more states invite Elon Musk to set up Tesla factory

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Is sustainability keeping up with the conscious consumer?
With sustainability crucial to reducing costs, improving operational performance and efficiencies, not to mention enhancing customer trust, more than ever the pressure is on businesses to keep up with growing demands for ethical behaviour and transparency in everything from employee rights to the supply chain.
And in today's increasingly open, digital world where authenticity is the buzzword of choice, there is an increasing awareness around this drive for transparency. This has led to a rise in what is known as "conscious consumption" – i.e. a movement of people who seek out ways to make positive decisions about what to buy and look for a solution to the negative impact that consumerism is having on our world.
Greenwashing and a token CSR [corporate social responsibility] campaign are no longer enough in the age of the conscious consumer. Until only recently, companies adopted sustainability strategies in order to comply with government regulations and avoid fines. Now leading-edge corporations are embracing the concept of sustainability in order to be a part of the conversation on environmental policy. From virtually zero awareness only a few decades ago, the Australian government and industry are now moving fast into sustainability. In particular, industry is experiencing a shift from mere regulatory compliance and technological improvements to more progressive self-regulation (like voluntary agreements and programs), community consultation and stakeholders' dialogue.
Good Environmental Choice Australia CEO Kate Harris, who was one of the headline speakers at Total Facilities 2017, says now is "a critical time to be driving environmental choice across Australia", particularly as sustainability becomes an expected part of business delivery.
"I am seeing significant improvements across the industry in my work providing professionals and consumers with the resources to find products that are a better environmental, social and healthier choice," she says.
As CEO of Australia's only independent, not-for-profit, multi-sector eco-labelling program and the only Australian member of the Global Ecolabelling Network, Kate is working closely with the International Organisation for Standardisation on its soon-to-be-released ISO 20000-400 sustainable procurement guideline, designed to optimise sustainable goals for business and buildings.
"Everyone struggles to find sustainable products and services across cleaning, waste management and recycling sectors," she explains.
Also putting its best forward is Australian ecolabel Global Greentag, which recently launched its new Product Health Declaration (PhD) tool at Total Facilities 2017. This tool is the first of its kind that will demand transparency of product claims to a level that's not been seen anywhere in the world. Global Greentag is one of the world's most widely recognised ecolabels, currently certifying over 1600 products globally with its certification standards recognised in Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia, South Africa, Africa, SE Asia and in over 70 other countries.
It's not the first time that Global Greentag has been at the forefront in developing new practices in the product certification field. Founded in 2011, the company became the first ecolabel in the world to introduce Life Cycle Assessment and Beyond LCA thinking to ecolabelling certification processes, thus providing a "˜Net Positive' benefit analysis to certify and rate products for green buildings and interiors. In 2016, Global Greentag was the only ecolabel in Australia to feature in the top 100 most trusted brands.
"I believe in fostering the kind of leadership needed to tackle the complex challenges we face in sustaining the life of our planet", says Kate Harris. She was thrilled to see a diversity of such exhibitors represented at this year's event – e.g. Global Greentag, The Green Connection Group and Enviroplus, to name a few. A noteworthy exhibitor in this field was newcomer Method Recycling, whose drive is to simplify corporate sustainability.
Originally designed with the commercial office market in mind, the flexibility of Method Recycling's open plan recycling bins are proving to be incredibly effective in public and event spaces like the Sydney Cricket Ground, as well as universities, schools, kindergartens and supermarkets around Australia.
"The design is both functional and visually fun – the easily customisable design, the patented mechanism that locks and hides the plastic bin liner, and the connectors that lock the bins together to form a station- these features create a unique way to promote sustainability,"says Sales and Sustainability Manager, Kate Dodero. "It was great to be amongst the movers and shakers of the Facilities Management industry – Total Facilities provided a perfect platform for us to showcase our products to both our peers and potential new customers in a dedicated FM forum", says Kate.
Lendlease is one of Method Recycling's latest clients. With Lendlease's strong focus on workplace design and sustainability, the group was excited to procure Method Recycling's colourful and robust bins for its new 26,000sqm Global Headquarters at Barangaroo, Sydney.
Other Method Recycling clients include PWC, The University of Melbourne, Atlassian, IAG, Westpac, Fairfax, Air New Zealand, Qantas, Fuji Xerox, and The Sydney Cricket Ground (SCG).
"With over 1,000 tonnes of waste generated annually, our current recycling rate stands at 65 per cent. With our new Method recycling system, we've set the bar at 75 per cent for next year with a long term target of over 90 per cent for total resource recovery," says SCG spokesperson, William Konya.
With the rise of consumer consciousness on the radar of Australian businesses, it will be interesting to track new factors driving environmental choice as sustainability becomes an expected part of business delivery.


text:
Santee School District » Resources » District News & Announcements » SSD Proud Moment Sep. 20, 2022
Alternative School and Santee Success Program
Creating a Culture of Community for Students, Parents, and Staff
Last year, Alternative School and Santee Success Program (SSP) began collaborating to build a strong community in the Cajon Park Annex to strengthen academic and social emotional supports for students and staff. Prior to the 2021-2022 school year, both programs worked in isolation, without the structure to effectively collaborate. Since then, the Annex facility has undergone a revisioning and make-over to create a welcoming environment for both staff and students.
There are 18 students in the Alternative School and five students in SSP. The staff of both programs and administrators meet regularly together to discuss student progress, engage in professional learning and develop ways to connect with families and build community. A great example of a community building event was the school-wide book fair held earlier this year. Thanks to a generous donation from Fedex, students in both programs were able to select multiple books. Each child also received a swag-bag, containing various items, such as a water bottle, blanket, umbrella and writing supplies.
Staff also seeks out unique partnerships to further build community amongst the students. Students really enjoy riding horses at Home Base Ranch and working in the community garden at the Annex.
I am really proud of our Alternative School and SSP staff's commitment to creating a culture of community at the Annex.


Sticking with the TRAVEL theme this week!!
Hoping our children learn from our travels… taking chances is important!!
We have a great trip for LuckySevenFamily planned this summer! Getting so excited for the trip!
To engage our kids in the planning, we've given each of them a destination city to investigate and make a list of places they'd like to go in that city. For example, a cafe, a chocolatier, a museum, or some other tourist attraction. Recently, I worked on this with our youngest. We used YouTube and found lots of cool videos about her city! She enjoyed watching the videos more than reading websites and it definitely kept her engaged longer!
Can't wait for a great trip!!
Wait a second…Pause please… while I recover from the gut-punch!!
Reality sets in…over the last week I've really been thinking about how we as parents and step-parents are teaching every day. Our children and step-children are modeling our behavior; they are our mirrors. They are acutely aware of us whether we realize it or not.
My lesson learned is to LEAD BY EXAMPLE. Exhibit the behavior I want to see in my children and step-children. Praise them for accomplishments and effort. Praise them for helping without being asked. Don't focus on the negative behavior only. Ignore some of the sighs and be aware of my own.
Blending a family comes with challenges, but also many opportunities to learn about yourself and your loved ones. Try every day to see your blended family as an opportunity to LEAD BY EXAMPLE.
Didn't mean to alarm you with the title of today's Tuesday Tip!
I certainly don't mean splitting up for forever; what I'm referring to is splitting up for the good of the blended family children and also for the sanity of blended family parents. Spending time together as a blended family is important and helps build ever-lasting bonds; however, there are times that kids need a break from one another. When we travel together or when we spend our weekends together, Russell and I will often split up and each take 2 or 3 of the kids to do different activities depending on their interests. Sometimes we split up by biological kids, sometimes by girls or boys, sometimes by older and younger. We also try to mix up the grouping of which parent with which group of kids so we both get experiences with all of them. I might take the younger girls to the pool while Russell and the older kids play basketball. Russell might take the boys to play golf and I make take the girls on a shopping spree. By doing this, we give our family increased exposure to activities they enjoy and everyone gains by having more, focused time with one another.
All together time is important too; kids have to learn to compromise and make trade-offs. By using the technique of splitting up you are helping to balance their need for individuality and attention while still building your family's ever-growing love and respect for one another.
I am a LUCKY mom and stepmom!! Also LUCKY to have had a wonderful mother, if only for a short time.
The entire clan and Grandma Sandy at Disneyland! We always seem to find a way to make it work… this trip included my kids flying with me to LA, meeting up with Russell, his kids, Grandma Sandy for a day at Disneyland and California Adventureland, me traveling to San Diego for work, and Russell taking my kids with him for a couple of days to Santa Barbara.. swimming, biking, and the beach. Finished with me joining them again in Santa Barbara for a day! Wow – what a Spring Break!!
These lucky kids will have so many sibling memories!
A post from my daughter!
Hi!! I'm Nerissa/ Mim's (that's what I call her) 11 year old daughter. I think that having a big family is really fun but sometimes a little chaotic! I mostly hangout with my 10 year old step sister ( she just turned 10 ) because my brother is with my older step brother. My brother also plays with the oldest kid out of the 7 of us. Everyone calls my step sister and I the little kids, but i don't understand the name because i am taller than my OLDER step brother!! All in all, I love my family!
Happy New Year – It is almost 2018!!


text:
研發創新平台
產品管線
創新平台新聞
商業平台
市場優勢
上市產品
處方藥業務
消費保健品業務
商業平台新聞
所有公告及新聞稿
演示文稿及學術發表
財務業績
主席致辭
財經摘要
SEC文件
活動、通告及表格
分析員報告
兩地上市常見問題
股東資訊
股東警示
職權範圍和政策
AIM規則第26條
新聞中心及演示文稿
| 演示文稿
上一篇文章 | 下一篇文章
演示文稿, 科學出版物	| 2017-03-09
ENETS 2017: Sulfatinib Phase Ib/II in Advanced Neuroendocrine Tumors
An Open-Label Phase Ib/II Study of Sulfatinib in Patients with Advanced Neuroendocrine Tumors (NCT02267967)
Authors: J.M. Xu, J. Li, C.M. Bai, N. Xu, Z.W. Zhou, Z.P. Li, C.C. Zhou, W. Wang, J. Li, C. Qi, Y. Hua, W.G. Su
Summary: The current Phase Ib/II trial is an open-label, single-arm Phase II study to assess the efficacy and safety of sulfatinib monotherapy in patients with advanced grade 1 or 2 advanced NET. 81 patients (41 pancreatic NET and 40 extra-pancreatic NET) were enrolled between November 2014 and January 2016, in seven clinical centers across China. The majority of patients had grade 2 disease (79%) and had failed previous systemic treatments (65%). As of January 20, 2017, 13 patients had confirmed partial response ("PR") and 61 patients had stable disease ("SD") corresponding to an overall objective response rate ("ORR") of 16.0% (13/81), with 17.1% (7/41) in pancreatic NET and 15.0% (6/40) in extra-pancreatic NET, and an overall disease control rate ("DCR") of 91.4%. Median overall progression-free survival ("PFS") has not been reached, but is estimated to be 16.6 months (95% CI: 13.4, 19.4) with longer median PFS in pancreatic NET estimated at 19.4 months and shorter median PFS in extra-pancreatic NET estimated at 13.4 months. Importantly, there were 12 patients who had progressed after treatment with targeted therapies (e.g. sunitinib and everolimus) and all benefited from sulfatinib treatment (3 PRs and 9 SDs). Sulfatinib was well tolerated with Grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs) with >5% incidence, regardless of causality, of hypertension (31%), proteinuria (14%), hyperuricemia (10%), hypertriglyceridemia (9%), diarrhea (7%) and ALT increase (6%). Additional details about this study may be found at clinicaltrials.gov, using identifier NCT02267967.
Based on the promising Phase I and Phase II efficacy data and tolerability in patients with advanced NETs, two randomized Phase III trials are ongoing.
© 2021 和黃中國醫藥科技有限公司


Décider a durée qui termine à ou plusieurs pouces sous vos genoux. Tote Bags. perfect for any season and oh-so useful, personalized tote bags make excellent wedding favors. Plain tote bags are inexpensive, and they are simple to customize yourself, should you hope to create your own wedding favors. quick on time? Some wedding shops give personalized totes, but they will cost you more than if you design them yourself.
Frais keyword Décor. Sunglasses. Having the ideal summer wedding? Candies and chocolates might not be the best wedding favor to leave for guests in the hot summer sun. Sunglasses are a good way to save your guests pleasant and to remind them of your special daylight for years to come. A plus? Frames arrive in a variety of styles and can be personalized in therefore many ways. You are limited forlorn by your imagination! next tote bags, sunglasses can furthermore be personalized professionally by many wedding and party vendors.
S'mores Kits. absolute for weddings in tardy summer or at the forefront fall, individual s'mores kits are unorthodox creative rotate to more enjoyable wedding favors. These can be as basic or as decadent as you prefer, and appropriately they can play for any budget. all you need are some graham crackers, marshmallows, chocolate bars and lovely craft supplies to make these innocent and unforgettable gifts for your guests.
Candy in Personalized Wrappers. A bit more upon the received side, personalized candy wrappers and candy seem to be mainstays bearing in mind it comes to wedding favors. From those oft-present Jordan almonds to the more forward looking chocolate bars, this is substitute simple and inexpensive quirk to build up a personal adjoin to your wedding. Why mess considering a classic? pick your candy and pick out those personalized candy wrappers. It's a great pretension to create an look upon wedding guests when a sweet-tooth, and it then makes for a well-appreciated shower or bachelorette party gift.
Individual Bath Salts. Do-it-yourself bath salts are all the rage these days. Whether they are for personal use, a Christmas present for a relative or birthday present for a relative, chances are you've already got a recipe or two on one of your Pinterest boards. Individual bath salts are a unique and affordable quirk to pamper your wedding guests. Luxurious, little jars of bath salt next create fabulous bridal shower favors.
Hangover Rescue Kits. Hangover rescue kits or "cures" are a must-have if your guests will be drinking. From a personalized bottle of water, to a hangover remedy-packed kit, you can make this wedding favor as easy or as profound as you like. As behind the supplementary do-it-yourself ideas, this concept is athletic and budget friendly. Hangover rescue kits afterward make good bachelor and bachelorette party favors!
Sachets. You probably already know that sachets are tiny bags of perfumed flowers or aromatic herbs that people typically area in drawers or closets to make the broadcast smell pleasant. What you might not know is that these herb and flower-filled pouches make creative wedding favors as well. As once sunglasses or totes, these innovative wedding party favors can either be bought or made at home.


text:
Q: How to terminate two process with tkinter button in Python I want to create two processes with python script. There is need to start and stop those processes via tkinter button. Processes start correctly, but terminate not. Which simplest way to correctly terminate processes with tkinter button?
Which best-practice way?
from tkinter import *
import multiprocessing

def print1():
    global a
    while a == True:
        print('im process 1')

def print2():
    global a
    while a == True:
        print('im process 2')

def start():
    process1.start()
    process2.start()

def stop():
    global a
    a = False

a = True

if __name__ == '__main__':

    process1 = multiprocessing.Process(target = print1)
    process2 = multiprocessing.Process(target = print2)

    root = Tk()
    root.title("Title")
    root.geometry("200x200")

    app = Frame(root)
    app.grid()

    start = Button(app, text="Start", command=start)
    stop = Button(app, text="Stop", command=stop)
    start.grid()
    stop.grid()
    root.mainloop()
    process1.join()
    process2.join()

A: The problem appears to be in the stop method.
I think I might know what the problem is, but I'm not 100% sure. The answer to why appears to be in the python documentation. This code here runs fine (I edited the syntax and used tkk for the buttons, it looks better):
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
import multiprocessing

def print1():
    global a
    while a is True:
        print('im process 1')

def print2():
    global a
    while a is True:
        print('im process 2')

def start():
    process1.start()
    process2.start()

def stop():
    process1.kill()
    process2.kill()

a = True

if __name__ == '__main__':

    process1 = multiprocessing.Process(target=print1)
    process2 = multiprocessing.Process(target=print2)

    root = Tk()
    root.title("Title")
    root.geometry("200x200")

    app = Frame(root)
    app.grid()

    start = ttk.Button(app, text="Start", command=start)
    stop = ttk.Button(app, text="Stop", command=stop)
    start.grid(padx=15, pady=20)
    stop.grid(column=1, row=0)
    root.mainloop()
    process1.join()
    process2.join()

Hope this helps!

A: Ordinary variables are not shared between instances of a multiprocessing.Process.
This means your:
global a

is a different global variable in each process, separate from the third global a in your main Python program.  So when you use the tk button to set that last a to False, the a in the process remembered through process1 is still True, as is the a in the process remembered through process2.
You can share variables across processes.  There are two ways to do that: via Manager instances, or via shared memory.  Shared memory is more efficient, but more difficult to use, and sometimes has OS dependencies, so if you don't need particularly high performance, consider using a Manager.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Carolyn Leckie (* 5. März 1965) ist eine schottische Politikerin und Mitglied der Scottish Socialist Party.

Leben
Leckie besuchte die Adelphi Secondary School in Glasgow und das St James College of Nursing and Midwifery, wo sie zur Hebamme ausgebildet wurde. Sie war für die Gewerkschaft UNISON und später als Hebamme in Rutherglen tätig.

Politischer Werdegang
Bei den Schottischen Parlamentswahlen 1999 stand Leckie auf dem dritten Platz der Regionalwahlliste der Wahlregion Central Scotland und verpasste damit den Einzug in das Schottische Parlament. Zu den Unterhauswahlen 2001 kandidierte sie für den Wahlkreis Glasgow Springburn. Sie erhielt nur die dritthöchste Stimmenanzahl und erhielt kein Mandat für das Unterhaus. Zu den folgenden Parlamentswahlen 2003 kandidierte Leckie für den Wahlkreis East Kilbride, konnte jedoch abermals nur die dritthöchste Stimmenanzahl auf sich vereinigen. Auf Grund des Wahlergebnisses zog sie jedoch über die Wahlliste der Region Central Scotland erstmals in das Parlament ein. Sie stand zu den Parlamentswahlen 2007 auf dem ersten Listenplatz der Scottish Socialist Party. Trotzdem gelang es ihr nicht ihr Mandat zu verteidigen.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
 Informationen auf den Seiten des Schottischen Parlaments

Abgeordneter im Schottischen Parlament
Mitglied der Scottish Socialist Party
Schotte
Geboren 1965
Frau
Brite
Politiker (20. Jahrhundert)
Politiker (21. Jahrhundert)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The cuisine at the Ludinmühle in Freiamt in the Black Forest is both down‑to‑earth and cosmopolitan.
With its cosy bistros, stylish restaurant and sun terrace, the 4 star Superior Hotel Ludinmühle has become a favourite with connoisseurs. Whether you are enjoying our gourmet hospitality rate as a hotel guest, visiting our restaurant with friends or having a romantic evening for two, you will be treated to some of the highlights of Black Forest cuisine.
Have a look at the regular and à-la-carte menu for the Ludinmühle Restaurant and take your pick.
More than 280 fine wines are on the Ludinmühle's wine list – which includes regional wines as well as fine vintages from all over the world. Himself a passionate wine lover, our Host Walter Zimmermann personally visits regional winemakers in Breisgau, Markgräflerland, Ortenau and Pfalz, to sample and select our wines. Let us advise you and introduce you to the world of wine as you top off your restaurant experience at the Ludinmühle with a special vintage from our wine cellar.
The bright Rosengarten restaurant, which is decorated with rose patterns, is right next to the Olivengarten, a conservatory flooded with light with an outdoor seating area.
With its welcoming light–coloured sprucewood fittings, the Schwarzwaldstube has a country house feel and tells the story of our hotel. The walls are decorated with lots of photos that tell the story of the Ludinmühle – a hotel with history – find out more here about our traditions and values.
The snug and cosy family atmosphere in the Mühlenstube will make you want to linger. The coat of arms and the millstone are reminiscent of the machinery that was once in use here as part of the former mill.
A tasteful hunting‑lodge atmosphere awaits you in our cosy new Jagdstube bistro, where we indulge you with Black Forest wild game dishes and regional specialities. Hotel guests on our gourmet hospitality rate are welcome to select anything from the menu.
Tip: Given that our space is limited, we recommend that you reserve a table in advance.
The new-designed Ofenstube with its tiled oven is a place of warmth and this may be why it is particularly popular for family celebrations such as christenings, confirmations and other festivities.
Enjoy a slice of our famous Black Forest gateau on the sunny terrace in front of the Stammhaus, or revive yourself after a walk with one of our delicious snacks.
Enjoy an aperitif or after‑dinner drink, or spend a congenial evening in the elegant Pianobar, which has its own wine cellar, and live music several times a week. Get out on the expansive dance floor and strut your stuff to a variety of music.
Hotel guests are invited here for a welcome drink, where we serve small snacks between 5.30 and 7 pm.
Take a seat in the Black Forest sunshine on the Genießergärtchen terrace with a view of our garden.
In the kitchen of our Restaurant in Freiamt, we place particular emphasis on regional products. Our game comes from our own hunting grounds, we source our beef, pork, spelt bread and schnapps from an organic farm within the Black Forest, we gather herbs from a garden owned by our hotel manager's family and our cakes are personally baked by our head chef.
Give the gift of time and a gourmet experience with a gift certificate for the Ludinmühle Restaurant in Freiamt. Order your certificate easily here online and print out at home – or have your certificate sent to you.
We look forward to receiving your table reservation and to providing you with gourmet indulgence at the Ludinmühle.


text:
Veterans and newbies alike are looking forward to making some convention memories.
Sometimes, amid reports of potential protests, traffic snarls and economic windfalls, it's easy to overlook the RNC's actual business at hand: unifying the Republican party behind its nominee, Mitt Romney.
That's what most of the 4,414 total delegates (2,286 official and 2,125 alternates) are coming to Tampa for. But like anyone who's able to get away for a work-related convention, frivolity and good times will be on the agenda for at least some of those traveling to the Sunshine State.
In what is no doubt good news for our tourist industry, several of the delegates we spoke with said they intend to arrive earlier and depart later than the four days of the actual event.
John Faso
GOP candidate for governor in New York, 2006
Staying at: Hilton Clearwater Beach Hotel
Been to a convention before? This will be his fourth.
The best part of coming to a convention as a delegate? What I find to be helpful coming in from New York is that it's an opportunity to get together with people from our state that you may not have seen recently, and you can compare notes, both presidential races and state races. A lot of our time is spent together with the other NY delegates.
Looking forward to hearing from Mitt Romney: We tend to overanalyze all the ups and down of the campaign, but I think for most Americans, and I think this is a healthy thing, they really start to turn their decision after Labor Day, and my expectation is that Gov. Romney is going to win. I think it's going to be a hard-fought, close race, but I do think the determinant of this election will be in the period between September 15 and October 30 — that's when the country is going to make its decisions.
Been to Tampa before? I would come to Florida because my parents lived there for many years, and I still have many relatives in that area (Bradenton/Sarasota). I hadn't spent as much time in the Tampa Bay area. The New York delegation is staying in Clearwater, so I'm looking forward to exploring that part of the state as well.
Florence Sebern
Denver resident
Staying at: Holiday Inn Clearwater-St. Petersburg Airport
Been to convention before? Never.
On being a supporter of Ron Paul: Ron Paul embodies the Republican Party I joined 33 years ago. All I know is that it's been going sideways for a long time.
Did she support Paul in his 2008 run? No. I was thinking back then, "Who was that little nutball named Ron Paul?" The reason I'm here four years later is that his campaign is bringing people into the party who are articulate, enthusiastic.
On Paul not being asked to speak at the convention (at press time he had not endorsed Romney): If I had hundreds of people at my convention who were of a certain position, I think I would take it more seriously than it appears leadership is taking it.
Ever been to Tampa? Never been to Florida, but I'm really looking forward to it. And as a member of the Rules Committee, I'll be in town a full week before the convention, working and staying at the Hyatt Regency in downtown.
Pete Seat
Communications Director, Indiana Republican Party
Staying at: Holiday Inn Harbourside on Indian Rocks Beach
Previous conventions: 2004 in NYC.
What it's about for him: It's an opportunity for everyone to come together, meet each other, regroup, reenergize, and get ready because when we get back, when we leave Tampa, that's Labor Day weekend, that is the official kick-off to the fall campaign, so it's just a great opportunity.
On Romney: I think it's a real pivotal point in the campaign, an opportunity for him to introduce himself, which might sound a little funny but there's still a lot of people who haven't tuned in. They're going about their lives, trying to make ends meet, if they can afford a family vacation going on a vacation, enjoying summer and not paying attention to it as folks like you and I do.
Best memory: I went to a party during the RNC in New York in 2004 that John McCain threw, and Henry Kissinger was there and Daryl Hammond from SNL did stand-up. It was a great experience, and it's that kind of stuff that you remember, it leaves an impression on you, it makes you want to go back. I've got a great photo with myself and Steven Colbert on the floor of the convention with the balloons dropping around us, it's… my one really cool floor moment.
Mark Zaccaria
Rhode Island State Chairman
Staying at: Clearwater Beach Marriott Suites on Sand Key
On what's going to happen: It's going to be a lot of work. I'm the state chair, so there's a tremendous amount of work to certify everybody, get all the hotel accommodations set up, trying to book some support activities for the delegation. We're going to try to have a delegation breakfast every morning Monday-Friday, just because we need to brief them on the day-to-day activities.
Familiarity with Tampa? I was in the Air Force. I've done business in Tampa, and stayed in Clearwater for convention-type things so I'm familiar a little bit with the area.
Extracurricular: Zaccaria is the author of War Record, an account of his father's service in World War II, which he'll be talking about at Indigo Coffee in Downtown Tampa on Friday morning, Aug. 24.
Richard Costigan
Former deputy chief of staff and legislative affairs secretary for California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger
Staying at: Tradewinds Resort, St. Pete Beach
Attended previous conventions? Five of the last six RNC's, starting in New Orleans in 1988.
Excited about Mitt Romney? I think Governor Romney has laid out an articulate vision for the country.
Downtime in Tampa: Intends on golfing on the weekends before and after the convention, both here and in the Orlando area.


LOS ANGELES - July 8, 2016 - PRLog -- Akeso Health Sciences, LLC, the formulator, developer and patent holder of the migraine formula combining Riboflavin, Magnesium and Puracol™ Feverfew, known for the last 15 years as "MigreLief," would like to alert the public to the recent release of a product by Quantum Inc. under the same name "MigreLief" but containing different ingredients and not the same patented formula.
"The original and only MigreLief patented formula continues to be distributed by Akeso Health Sciences, under the name 'MigreLief Original - Triple Therapy with Puracol™' and should not be confused with Quantum MigreLief," said Curt Hendrix, Chief Scientific Officer of Akeso Health Sciences and formulator of MigreLief. Akeso had granted certain limited distribution rights to its patented migraine formula under the MigreLief brand to Quantum for the past 14 years. Recently, Quantum changed the formula, removing Puracol™ Feverfew, one of the main ingredients in Akeso's patented formula which has been recommended for over 15 years by doctors and headache specialists and used by thousands of migraine patients, in the United States and worldwide.
Any online testimonials associated with Quantum's MigreLief prior to June 15, 2016 pertain only to Akeso Health Sciences' patented formula, which is no longer being distributed to the public under the Quantum label. Anyone who would like to continue using the original patented MigreLief with Puracol™ should closely read the label for the AKESO name or "Puracol™" branding. For chronic migraine sufferers, Akeso's original MigreLief with Puracol™ can be purchased online at MigreLief.com and many other online vendors, through many resellers and independent pharmacies nationwide (Store locator: MigreLief.US) or by calling 1-800-758-8746. Retail companies wishing to resell MigreLief with Puracol™ may call 1-800-MigreLief.


text:
Home > Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports > Open > 459
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open
SAMPLING BIAS IN EVALUATING THE PROBABILITY OF SEISMICALLY INDUCED SOIL LIQUEFACTION WITH SPT & CPT CASE HISTORIES
Abhishek Jain, Michigan Technological University
Master of Science in Geological Engineering (MS)
College, School or Department Name
Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences
Thomas Oommen
10.37099/mtu.dc.etds/459
Several deterministic and probabilistic methods are used to evaluate the probability of seismically induced liquefaction of a soil. The probabilistic models usually possess some uncertainty in that model and uncertainties in the parameters used to develop that model. These model uncertainties vary from one statistical model to another. Most of the model uncertainties are epistemic, and can be addressed through appropriate knowledge of the statistical model. One such epistemic model uncertainty in evaluating liquefaction potential using a probabilistic model such as logistic regression is sampling bias. Sampling bias is the difference between the class distribution in the sample used for developing the statistical model and the true population distribution of liquefaction and non-liquefaction instances. Recent studies have shown that sampling bias can significantly affect the predicted probability using a statistical model. To address this epistemic uncertainty, a new approach was developed for evaluating the probability of seismically-induced soil liquefaction, in which a logistic regression model in combination with Hosmer-Lemeshow statistic was used. This approach was used to estimate the population (true) distribution of liquefaction to non-liquefaction instances of standard penetration test (SPT) and cone penetration test (CPT) based most updated case histories. Apart from this, other model uncertainties such as distribution of explanatory variables and significance of explanatory variables were also addressed using KS test and Wald statistic respectively. Moreover, based on estimated population distribution, logistic regression equations were proposed to calculate the probability of liquefaction for both SPT and CPT based case history. Additionally, the proposed probability curves were compared with existing probability curves based on SPT and CPT case histories.
Jain, Abhishek, "SAMPLING BIAS IN EVALUATING THE PROBABILITY OF SEISMICALLY INDUCED SOIL LIQUEFACTION WITH SPT & CPT CASE HISTORIES", Master's Thesis, Michigan Technological University, 2012.
https://doi.org/10.37099/mtu.dc.etds/459
Civil Engineering Commons, Geology Commons


Excerpt: After multiple Democrat Senators (including both Levin and Durbin) said that the US surge in Iraq is working, New York Democrat Senator Charles Schumer (D-NY) appears to have decided the time for treason against the USA has arrived and it's his job to affect it and the complete destruction of our troops. The same troops who are placing themselves in harm's way. Our troops have consistently and selflessly laid down both life and limb for the freedom of the Iraqi people. They have, also, done the same for back-biting US Senators and Congressional Representatives. One of these senators, Schumer, has now taken this viciousness to a new and unprecedented level—even for him.On 5 September, Sen. Schumer blasted and severely denigrated our troops; troops that are also protecting this less-than-worthy-of-protection blowhard and traitor wannabee. Note: I believe he succeeded. On the surge—which again Democrats who have actually been to Iraq say is working—Schumer spat: "This is a policy of last resort! This is a policy of desperation!" Working hard on his attempt to rewrite recent history, Schumer continued his diatribe with: "And let me be clear: the violence in Anbar has gone down despite the surge, not because of the surge!" Then, in a decidedly mean-spirited, patently lying attack against our own soldiers, Schumer continued his invective with: "The lack of protection for these tribes from al Qaeda made it clear to these tribes, 'We have to fight al-Qaeda ourselves'. It wasn't that the surge brought peace here. It was that the warlords had to create a temporary peace here on their own. And that is because there was no one else there [US soldiers] protecting them!" No one else protecting them? What does Chucko think our brave men and women have been doing in Iraq? Apparently, Schumer would have us believe they have done and are continuing to do nothing. Not only is what Schumer said unconscionable and treasonous but, he—himself—has become as unscrupulous as any politician I've ever heard. This is a blatant reminder and prime example of the depths to which some politicians will sink in order to retain their illusion of power. As Sen. Schumer has now signaled us, there is no one whom he and many of his colleagues believe cannot be scarified to the gods of greed, graft and totalitarian dominance. From his less than truthful (AKA lying) remarks, it is painfully obvious that he has decided more of our fighting men and women must be falsely accused and destroyed in order for him and his political party to achieve their increasingly dishonorable goals. Note: Selling one's soul to the devil has never been uglier.