Improvement of mechanical properties of rubber compounds using waste rubber/virgin rubber.
For decades the rubber industry has been facing a major challenge to find a satisfactory way to deal with the enormous quantity of rubber goods (particularly tires) that reach the end of their life cycle. According to the End of Life Vehicle (ELV) Directive (2000/53/EC), carmakers must reuse or recover 85% of ELVs by weight per vehicle, and by the year 2006 at least 80% of that weight must be reused or recycled. For 2015 this target rises to 95% of ELVs by weight, 85% of which must be reused or recycled . Many attempts to recycle waste rubber have been made. The reuse of recycled rubber is important in terms of both waste disposal and reduction of product costs [2-5].
Waste rubber can be either ground into particles or devulcanized. According to the published results of numerous studies in the field of rubber recycling, ground rubber powder (GRP) and devulcanized rubber can be used in various products, including tires, profiles, construction articles, and mats [6-10]. When ground waste rubber was used as a component of different rubber products, a significant drop in the tensile strength was found, even at low levels of ground rubber . The deterioration of the mechanical properties , which limits the applicability of GRP in products, evidently occurs because the bonding force between the ground rubber and the matrix is often low, and thermodynamic incompatibility leads to poor interfacial adhesion. Devulcanized rubber was found to be suitable for use in some rubber compounds because the bonding force of the blends could be enhanced .
The objective of the present work was to study the effects of GRP and devulcanized rubber on the natural rubber (NR) matrix. The cure characterization, physical properties, and mechanical properties were examined. The effect of waste rubber on the mechanical properties, cross-link density, and cure characterization of virgin NR was investigated. It is possible to maintain the good mechanical properties of NR and obtain better mechanical properties, and at the same time lower the cost of the rubber material.
The virgin NR (SMR5) used as a matrix in this study was prepared according to ASTM D 3184 (formula 2A). SMR5 was masticated using 0.2-0.5 phr of a peptizing agent (Struktol A86; Schill & Seilecher). The GRP (about 4 mm), generated by ambient grinding of passenger car and light truck tires, was purchased from Genan A/S. It contained approximately 30%-wt NR, 40%-wt stirene-butadiene rubber (SBR), 20%-wt butadiene rubber (BR), and 10%-wt butyl- and halogenated butyl rubber (IIR/XIIR). The devulcanized rubber (supplied by Hauler Ltd., Finland) was produced from the above-mentioned GRP grade using a continuous shear flow reaction treatment under optimized process conditions. The processing temperatures were in the range of 180-230[degrees]C, and the screw speed was 375 rpm. The yield with these conditions was 80-100 kg/hr. Other chemicals used, such as zinc oxide, stearic acid, sulphur, N-220, and CBS, were of laboratory reagent (LR) grade.
The compound recipes used are given in Table 1. The loadings of the waste rubber (i.e., GRP and devulcanized rubber) were 10, 30, and 50 phr, respectively. The devulcanized rubber was first considered as an inactive additive (Dev.F), and in that case the amount of curatives used was based on the virgin rubber content. In another group of prepared samples (Dev.R), the amount of curatives used was based on the total rubber content, including virgin rubber and a raw rubber part from devulcanized rubber. In order to improve the mixing quality and prevent prevulcanization, a two-stage mixing process was used. In the first stage, the virgin NR was premixed at 60[degrees]C for 1 min in an internal mixer. After premixing, zinc oxide, stearic acid, carbon black, and waste rubber were gradually added to the mixer. The mixing continued for 5 min, after which CBS was added into the mixer for a further mixing of less than 1 min. In the second stage, an open two-roll mixing mill was used at 60[degrees]C for 1 min to soften the premixture, after which sulphur was added. The mixing was continued for another 2.5 min and then the mixture was cut into sheets, which were cooled to room temperature. The sheets were molded at 160[degrees]C in an electrically heated compression press. The coarse structure of the GRP caused some roughness on the surface of the molded 2-mm-thick sheets.
A Monsanto 100S oscillating disc rheometer was used to obtain the cure characteristics at 160[degrees]C according to ISO 3417.
where [v.sub.rf] and [v.sub.r] are the volume fractions of filled and unfilled rubber in the swollen rubber phase, respectively; m is the rubber-filler interaction parameter; and [phi] is the volume fraction of the filler.
where v is the cross-link density, [V.sub.s] is the molar volume of the swelling solvent, [v.sub.r] is the rubber fraction from the Kraus equation, and [chi] is the polymer solvent interaction parameter ([chi] = 0.393 for the NR-toluene system) .
The tensile and tear properties were measured using a Lloyd testing machine. The tensile specimens were dumbbell-shaped test pieces according to ISO 37 (type 1), and the tear resistance was determined using trouser test pieces according to ISO 34 (type A). The speed in the tensile tests was 500 mm/min and 100 mm/min for the tear strength. Abrasion resistance was carried out according to ISO 4649 using an abrasive run of 40 m and loading 10 N. Hardness was tested based on ISO 7619 using a ShoreA durometer.
The morphology of the tensile fractured surfaces of the samples was investigated using a scanning electron microscope (JEOL JSM-T100). The fractured surfaces were sputter-coated with gold powder using a K550 sputter coater.
The effects of waste rubber loading on the cure characteristics are shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
Figure 1 shows that the minimum torque ([M.sub.L]) changed slightly with the increase of devulcanized rubber content, but rose significantly when the GRP content was increased. This indicates that it is more difficult to process compounds that contain GRP compared to compounds with devulcanizea rubber. The apparent reason for the minimum torque increase is that cross-linked GRP does not easily flow to the matrix, so the increase in GRP loading may reduce the flow and consequently increase the torque. It is also believed that the highly aggregated and convoluted structure of waste rubber powder contains void space in which the matrix rubber is trapped, which increases the effective volume fraction of waste rubber and results in higher viscosity of the blends.
The maximum torque ([M.sub.H]), which is a measure of the elastic modulus, was lower with increased Dev.F loading, while it remained stable in the GRP systems. It is important to observe the increase in [M.sub.H] with the addition of devulcanized rubber when it is considered as a part of rubber. This indicates that the elastic modulus is lower in the compounds with Dev.F content. The shortest fragments and smaller chains in the devulcanized rubber will act as plasticizers, decreasing the viscosity and torque of the compounds and increasing their tack. The higher elastic modulus in GRP compounds led to a greater maximum torque in all three GRP systems, in which a dramatic increase in [M.sub.H] was clearly observed with the introduction of Dev.R. The torque increments with Dev.R compounds could be explained by further revulcanization and cross-link reaction with the devulcanized rubber, due to the new active sites formed during the devulcanization process and to the amount of curatives in Dev.R compared to the Dev.F system.
The scorch time ([t.sub.s2]) and optimum cure time ([t.sub.90]) of the compounds did not change significantly (see Fig. 2). The scorch time decreased in all systems, with the GRP system having the lowest and the Dev.F system the highest scorch time values. The shorter scorch time in the blends indicates that the cross-linking reaction started earlier. A product of a reaction between the NR matrix and the devulcanized rubber may catalyze the cross-linking reaction . Also, diffusion of the accelerator from devulcanized rubber into virgin rubber would reduce scorch time . Since the scorch time slightly decreased in all blends, the processibility did not change significantly with the waste rubber loading.
The optimum cure time is the vulcanization time required to obtain the optimum physical properties. It can be observed in Fig. 2 that the optimum cure time varies slightly between the GRP and Dev.F systems. The cure time is shorter in the Dev.R system because it contains more curatives than the other two systems, and the devulcanized rubber participates together with virgin rubber in the cross-linking reaction. In summary, it can be concluded that the incorporation of waste rubber into the virgin NR matrix does not effect the cure time significantly.
It is evident from Fig. 3 that the compounds acquire a lower cure rate with the introduction of GRP. The devulcanized rubber participates in the cross-link reaction as a part of rubber when a sufficient amount of curative is present. For this reason the cure rate remains the same as for virgin rubber in the Dev.R system. On the other hand, the possibility of cross-link formation between unsaturated sites of devulcanized rubber and virgin rubber has been proposed. The lower CRI in Dev.F compounds may be due to the lack of curing agents. It is possible that the GRP of such a cross-linked network hinders the mobility of the unsaturated segments of NR, thus accounting for the lowest CRI for this system.
Figure 4 shows the swelling ratio of NR compounds of various waste rubber contents in toluene. The swelling ratio increased with the GRP loading in NR matrix, as shown in Fig. 4. This is attributed to the difficulty of diffusing sulphur in the rubber matrix because of obstruction by ground vulcanizates . As for the compounds containing devulcanized rubber, it is evident that the GRP is partially devulcanized and partially de-polymerized during devulcanization. The swelling ratio also increased with Dev.F content because of shorter molecules and smaller fragments in the devulcanized rubber. However, there was a decrease in the swelling ratio in the Dev.R compounds, in which the devulcanized rubber was assumed as a part of rubber. This is only to be expected when one considers the possibility for further cross-link reactions in both devulcanized rubber and virgin rubber with a sufficient amount of curatives.
Figure 5 presents the variations in cross-link density of the systems as a function of waste rubber content. It can be observed that the cross-link density decreased with an increase in GRP and Dev.F loading. This is due to the migration of sulphur being obstructed by the waste rubber particles. There are new active cross-linking sites in devulcanized rubber that continue to form a cross-link network during revulcanization. The more Dev.R, the more the active cross-linking sites. Hence, the cross-link density is improved in the Dev.R system. Higher cross-link density leads to improved mechanical properties, which also explains the higher maximum torque of Dev.R compounds.
Tensile strength, elongation at break, tear strength, abrasion resistance, and hardness were used to evaluate the mechanical properties of the systems. The values are listed in Table 2. Tensile strength and elongation at break were impaired with the loading of both GRP and devulcanized rubber. The reason is probably the uncontinuous and imperfect structure of the blends. However, the Dev.R compounds have much better properties compared to the Dev.F compounds. This improvement in mechanical properties indicates a higher degree of cross-linking in Dev.R. As could be expected, the compounds that contained GRP showed the lowest tensile strength and the lowest elongation at break. However, better compatibility and migration between the devulcanized rubber and the NR matrix were achieved and better properties were obtained (see Table 2). It is worth noting that with up to 10 phr loading of Dev.R, the compound had even higher tensile strength and the same elongation as virgin rubber, and it retained 89% of its original strength and 60% of its elongation at break with 50 phr Dev.R loading.
The effect of the waste rubber content on tear strength is given in Table 2. The addition of waste rubber components to the virgin rubber matrix did not produce any significant effect on the tear properties of the compounds. However, at the highest concentration of both GRP and devulcanized rubber, the tear strength showed some improvement compared to the virgin NR compound. This result indicates rather good adhesion between the matrix and the added components.
The variation in abrasion resistance with waste rubber content is shown in Table 2. The results indicate that abrasion resistance is improved with the GRP and Dev.R loading, but impaired with the Dev.F loading. The higher modulus with vulcanized particles of GRP leads to better abrasion resistance for the GRP compounds. The abrasion resistance is impaired because of the shortest fragments and smaller chains in Dev.F: the greater the Dev.F loading, the worse the abrasion resistance. However, an important increase in abrasion resistance with Dev.R loading was observed because revulcanization and more cross-linked networks occurred in the Dev.R system, and higher cross-link density leads to better abrasion resistance.
The decrease in hardness in the compounds was slight with an increase in Dev.F loading (see Table 2). The value for 10 phr Dev.F was the same as for the NR matrix, while the hardness with 50 phr Dev.R loading retained 93% of the virgin NR. The shortest fragments and lowest network density in the Dev.F decreased the hardness and impaired the mechanical properties. In comparison, the systems with GRP and Dev.R had better hardness because of the higher modulus and cross-link density in the compounds. Again, GRP rubber is probably harder than virgin NR.
As can be seen in Table 2, the standard deviations (SDs) in the test results were considerably higher for the samples that contained waste rubber components compared to the NR samples. The lowest SD values for the waste rubber compounds were shown by the Dev.R materials. The highest deviations in the results can be explained by the inhomogeneous structure of the materials.
SEM photomicrographs of the tensile fractured surface of three compounds are shown in Figs. 6-8. In Fig. 6, the fractured surface of compound GRP at 10 phr loading reveals that the phase separation is more clearly observable in the GRP system. Phase separation of the Dev.F system is also observable in Fig. 7. The Dev.R system has much better compatibility and the phase separation becomes less marked (Fig. 8), which is in agreement with the revulcanization and further cross-link reaction between Dev.R and the NR matrix.
Waste rubber of 10, 30, and 50 phr was added to a virgin rubber matrix in the form of GRP and devulcanized rubber. The same GRP grade that was used as the starting material in the devulcanizing process was applied in the GRP compounds.
It was found that the addition of devulcanized rubber together with an adequate amount of curatives (Dev.R) produced the best mechanical performance. With the exception of abrasion resistance, the mechanical properties of the compounds that contained GRP were impaired in comparison to the other waste rubber and virgin NR compounds. The mechanical properties of the waste rubber compounds can be set in the following ranking order: Dev.R > Dev.F > GRP. This observation is supported by the higher cross-link density and SEM tensile fractured surface in the Dev.R system, which show that Dev.R compounds have the best compatibility and GRP compounds the worst compatibility in the case of waste rubber in a virgin rubber matrix.
1. ELV Directive, Official Journal of the European Communities, L269, p 34 (21, 10, 2000).
2. K. Nasker, A.K. Bhowmick, and S.K. De, Polym. Eng. Sci., 41, 1087 (2001).
3. E. Sipahi-Saglam, C. Kaynak, G. Akovali, M. Yetmez, and N. Akkas, Polym. Eng. Sci., 41, 514 (2001).
4. R. Tripathy, J.E. Morin, D.E. Williams, S. Eyles, and R.J. Farris, Macromolecules, 35, 4616 (2002).
5. J. Pfretzschner and R.M. Rodriguez, Polym. Test., 18, 81 (1999).
6. C. Jacob, A.K. Bhowmick, P.P. De, and S.K. De, Plast. Rubber Compos., 31, 212 (2002).
7. W. Klingensmith and K. Baranwal, Rubber World, 218, 41 (1998).
8. M.C. Bignozzi, A. Saccani, and F. Sandrolini, Composites: Part A, 33, 205 (2002).
9. F. Padella, F. Cavalieri, G. D'Uva, A. La Barbera, and F. Cataldo, Polym. Recycl., 6, 11 (2001).
10. N. Sunthonpagasit and M.R. Duffey, Resour. Conserv. Recycl., 40, 281 (2004).
11. J.K. Kim and R.P. Burford, Rubber Chem. Technol., 71, 1028 (1998).
12. H. Ismail, R. Nordin, and A. Md. Noor, Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng., 41, 847 (2002).
13. M.J. Myhre and D.A. MacKillop, Rubber World, 214, 42 (1996).
14. G. Kraus, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 7, 861 (1963).
15. M.S. Sobhy, D.E. El-Nashar, and N.A. Maziad, Egypt. J. Sol., 26, 241 (2003).
16. M.A.L. Verbruggen, L. Van Der Does, and J.W.M. Noordermeer, Rubber Chem. Technol., 72, 731 (1999).
17. C. Kumnuantip and N. Sombatsompop, Mater. Lett., 57, 3167 (2003).
18. B.G.C.J. Wijers, in Proceedings of the International Rubber Conference (IRC), Birmingham, UK, 380 (2001).
19. U.S. Ishiaku, C.S. Chong, and H. Ismail, Polym. Polym. Compos., 6, 399 (1998).
20. C.K. Hong and A.I. Isayev, J. Mater. Sci., 37, 385, (2002).
21. A.R.R. Menon, C.K.S. Pillai, and G.B. Nando, Polymer, 39, 4033 (1998).
22. H. Ismail, R. Nordin, and A.M. Noor, Polym. Test., 21, 565, (2002).
TABLE 1. The compound recipes.
(a) N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazyl sulphonamide, as an accelerator.
(b) Amount of curatives was based on the virgin rubber content.
(c) Amount of curatives was based on the virgin rubber content.
virgin rubber and devulcanized rubber.
TABLE 2. Mechanical properties of the compounds.
COPYRIGHT 2005 Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.
Rheological behavior comparison between PET/HDPE and PC/HDPE microfibrillar blends.
Influence of annealing treatment on the heat distortion temperature of nylon-6/montmorillonite nanocomposites.
Blends of brominated EPDM and NR.
Cure and mechanical behavior of elastomeric compounds containing devulcanized materials.
Recycling of roofing membrane rubber by ultrasonic devulcanization.
Rubber plasticizers from degraded/devulcanized scrap rubber: a method of recycling waste rubber.
Polylactide, nanoclay, and core-shell rubber composites.
Reclaiming of ground rubber tire by a novel reclaiming agent. I. virgin natural rubber/reclaimed GRT vulcanizates.
A short review on rubber/clay nanocomposites with emphasis on mechanical properties.
Use of carboxylated nitrile rubber and natural rubber blends as retreading compound for OTR tires.
Synthesis and characterization of styrene butadiene rubber--bentonite clay nanocomposites.


Kitchen wallpaper patterns top backgrounds & wallpapers. Kitchen patterns file name : kitchen wallpaper patterns, kitchen wallpaper patterns top backgrounds & wallpapers. Clipart kitchen utensils crockery seamless pattern. Kitchen wallpaper patterns top backgrounds & wallpapers, country kitchen wallpaper patterns top backgrounds.


text:
Open University of Catalonia
Emergency Medical Service EMS is operated by the SCDF and it can be reached
Emergency medical service ems is operated by the scdf
School Open University of Catalonia
Course Title MBA 1234
Uploaded By BrigadierHawk13083
This preview shows page 20 - 21 out of 43 pages.
Emergency Medical Service (EMS) is operated by the SCDF and it can be reached through three- digit dial '995' . The 995 Operations Centre can also be reached through mobile application that SCDF provides in collaboration with iDA, which has been designed to increase survival rate from incidents such as out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The application so-called myResponders has been launched recently in April 2015 which alerts users to nearby cases of suspected cardiac arrest, guiding them to respond before the SCDF arrives. Since the application was launched, there have been more than 2,000 downloads, although the number of registrations to become responders did not reach the similar level so far. ' mySCDF ' allows citizens to provide feedback to SCDF, instructions for use of fire extinguisher, how to perform CPR and AED, as well as access for SCDF annual reports. Other applications that allow the public with access to critical emergency information are 'Biological Threats', 'Decontamination Procedures', 'Exposure to Biological Agents', 'Fire Safety', and 'If An Explosion Occurs'. Some e- services are also available on SCDF's main website. These services include: i) online payment for SCDF's services; ii) apply for courses at SCDF for public education programmes; iii) purchase fire and ambulance reports; and iv) SCDF facilities locator. Another major aspect of Smart Nation initiative that is on its way is tele-medicine. Singapore aim to promote the widespread use of wearable technologies such as fitness trackers, smart watches and even smart clothing which can monitor the well-being of a patient. The idea is not only to record of vital signs such as blood pressure, heart rate and body temperature and but also transmit the data via Internet to designated healthcare professionals or family members. IDA established its plan for Smart Health-Assist pilot project in the Jurong Lake District in late 2015 to support the needs of the aging population of Singapore. It is designed to record data from user-friendly sensors in the houses of the elderly and the patients suffering from chronic diseases to be sent securely online to healthcare providers, allowing them to monitor individuals, receive alerts, and respond to any emergencies. As a small nation, Singapore has little land to collect and store rainwater. Water shortages is going to be a continuous challenge for Singapore with ever-increasing demand and therefore, Singapore had to be inspired to innovate and develop capabilities in the area. Under the Ministry of Environment Water Resources, there are two statutory boards, the National Environment Agency (NEA) and Public Utilities Board (PUB), the national water agency. NEA controls air and water pollution, handle waste management, promote energy efficiency, promote public hygiene, etc. while PUB deals with all matters regarding water in Singapore.
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Karthikji, Can you please check if it is "lokamamuM." Or if you can separate the word as "sandhi viccheda." I couldn't separate it and see the actual meaning. If you are not able to find the source, it's ok. I was just curious.


Fuel prices continued to increase for the fifth consecutive day on Monday with prices of petrol crossing over Rs 70 in Delhi. While petrol witnessed an increase of 38 paise in Delhi and Mumbai, prices of diesel rose by 49 paise in Delhi and 52 paise in Mumbai.
Former world No.1 Maria Sharapova took just 63 minutes to beat British qualifier Harriet Dart 6-0, 6-0 in the first match on Rod Laver Arena at this year's Australian Open on Monday.
Prime Minister Theresa May will on Monday repeat weekend warnings to MPspoised to reject her EU divorce deal that failing to deliver Brexit would be "catastrophic" for British democracy.
Top Republican lawmakers on Sunday warned against Donald Trump declaring a national emergency to secure funds for a border wall, signalling doubts within the president's party as a government shutdown was set to enter the fourth workweek.
Big stories of the day.


text:
Q: How to get current websocket queue size in Jetty? Time to time I getting write errors like
Error: Blocking message pending 10000 for BLOCKING

Looks like to avoid such problem I need control what is actually pushing into socket by myself. My current implementation simply push all data received and(looks like) because of slow clients queue become overfilled.
So question is how to get how much messages currently available in write buffer?
And from where I can get this magic number 10000?

A: That specific error ...
Error: Blocking message pending 10000 for BLOCKING

.. only happens if you have 2 threads attempting to use blocking send over the same connection.
Note: the 10000 in that message is a blocking behavior/state mask value, not a count of messages, or a message ID.
Basically, what is happening, is that there is an active blocking send of a message when another blocking send is attempted.  This commonly happens when using multiple threads.

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text:
Q: vba loop through multidimensional array based on defined array(6,12) for array(0,x) I need to loop through an array using the values in the (0,x) {x=0-11 values}.  Should I be using the loop as above but be nested within a value incrementing loop?
DIM H as Integer
DIM vItem As Variant
DIM AssociateArray(6,12)
...
data is populated into AssociateArray
...
For Each vItem in AssociateArray
   debug.print vItem
   Select Case vItem
     Case "AAA"
       do this
     Case "BBB"
       do this
  End Select
Next

A: Do you actually only mean to loop through the same row number of each column with (0,x) ?
The following is an example of how that would work but uses (1,x) as data read in from worksheet creates a 1 based array not zero. Shows the logic though.
If you need to terminate at 11 you can do a loop to UBound(AssociateArray,2) -1
Sub test()

    Dim AssociateArray() ''Dim AssociateArray(6, 12)

    AssociateArray = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("Sheet3").Range("A1").CurrentRegion.Value

    '(1 to 6, 1 to 12). Reading from sheet creates 1 based array not 0. Imagine actually 0 would replace 0 with 1 below

    ' (0,x)  would be (1,x)

    Dim x As Long

    For x = LBound(AssociateArray, 2) To UBound(AssociateArray, 2)

        Debug.Print AssociateArray(1, x)

    Next x

End Sub

Data in sheet:


Here's a round up of the different cosplayers we caught in this year's Philippine Toycon.
So yes, this is a partida with the bad weather that rocked the weekend that was Toycon 2018 but you can see from the photos above that the attendees and cosplayers were all smiles while at the SMX Convention Center. Hopefully, next year we go big. And no worries, we still have a few major cosplay events and geek events happening in the coming months.


text:
Dicliptera bracteata är en akantusväxtart som beskrevs av Berthold Carl Seemann. Dicliptera bracteata ingår i släktet Dicliptera och familjen akantusväxter. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Akantusväxter
bracteata

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text:
It's important to arm Nigerian girls, especially when the other guys won't.
Jul 15, 2010 1 Comment Share
It's been obvious to me for a long time that the way to fuel sustainable, positive change in the world is to find, nurture, and fund local, grassroots solutions, like arming Nigerian girls…with the weapon of education.
So it's always pleasantly surprising when I come across people who aren't necessarily as steeped in the wonkiness of foreign aid and development as I am who completely get this intuitively.
Like Olivia Wilde, an actress who is currently on House. While I like the show, she really got my attention when she featured a GlobalGiving project on her blog.
Better yet, she explained why, writing, "Here's the skinny: Small, grassroots organizations that focus on specific projects operated by the local community are often more effective and accountable than gargantuan, broad based, NGOs."
Nice, Olivia. It took you far less time than it took me to figure that out.
And now, I can only hope that with this kind of enthusiasm for the power of locally inspired projects and solutions ebbing up from all over–from Hollywood actresses to Alanna Shaikh–that eventually our major foreign aid institutions will follow suit and find ways to funnel more funding directly to them, as quickly as possible, and to allow the marketplace–not program officers or aid wonks–to decide what ideas should surface and which should sink.
So that instead of writing funding proposals and focusing on political relationships and attending meetings, the people with the great ideas can focus on doing what they do best: arming Nigerian girls with education and the like.
As Olivia astutely points out, that's where the real effectiveness and accountability lie.
Dennis Whittle is Co-Founder and CEO of GlobalGiving.
For Sale: 1 House; Food for 30 Villages
Jul 8, 2008 1 Comment Share
Saw this story on CNN:
The Salwen family is no stranger to service. Kevin is on the board of Atlanta Habitat for Humanity; Joan works as a teacher; 15-year-old Hannah volunteers at the Atlanta Community Food Bank and has been working at Cafe 458, a restaurant that serves homeless people, since she was in the 5th grade; and 13-year-old Joseph has worked at the Food Bank since he was 8.
Still, they felt like there was more to do, so they started "Hannah's Lunchbox". The idea started wtih a brainstorm of what things they could do without, how could they make a difference. And they settled on their 6,500 square-foot house – complete with 5 bedrooms, 8 fireplaces and even an elevator. They decided to sell the house, move into one half its size and give half of the proceeds – roughly $800,000 – away to charity.
Ultimately, the Salwens chose The Hunger Project to receive the money from their house. Over a 6-year period, it will end up in Ghana, helping 30 villages grow food and build clinics and schools.
Their house is the American dream, but the Salwens are hoping to redefine what that means. How much do we really need? And how committed are we to paying more than lip-service to makinga difference? "We as Americans have so much," said Kevin, a former Wall Street Journal writer. "We love the concept of half. We are going from a house that's 6,000 square feet to a house that's half the size, and we're giving away half the money."
The Salwen family is a great example and unequivocally answer the question of "What are you willing to give up to make a difference?"


text:
Louisiana Drug Rehabs
Drug trafficking and homegrown operations contribute to the availability of many types of drugs within the state, including methamphetamine and heroin. Because of Louisiana's diversified drug landscape, Louisiana has become a melting pot for many types of substance abuse disorders.
Acadiana Treatment Center
Sunset, LA
Vermilion Behavioral Health Systems
Amethyst Recovery
Greenhouse Treatment Center
RiverMend Health Centers
Serenity View
Princeton, TX
Covington Behavioral Health Hospital
Atlanta Addiction Recovery Center
Oxford Treatment Center
Louisiana Addiction Treatment
The most commonly abused substances in the Bayou State include:
Cocaine (powdered)
While all of these drugs are problematic in Louisiana, addiction rates vary between regions. For example, the highest concentration of ecstasy abuse cases is found in Shreveport's nightclub scene. Heroin poses a particularly big threat to the city of New Orleans. Meanwhile, Louisiana's rural communities are ideal for marijuana growers and methamphetamine manufacturers.
Cocaine is considered one of the top drugs of choice in Louisiana and is primarily transported into the state via interstate highways. Miami and Houston supply a majority of Louisiana's cocaine, and both cities get their supply from Mexican, Colombian and Caribbean traffickers.
Drug Laws in Louisiana
Louisiana has some of the harshest penalties in the nation for drug possession. Louisiana classifies illegal substances into five schedules. Each schedule determines the dangerousness of a drug, with schedule I being the most dangerous and schedule IV being the least dangerous. Penalties vary according to the type and amount of the substance involved.
Type of Drug(s) Included
Maximum Sentencing and Fines
Schedule I Opiates and opium derivatives, including heroin Up to 30 years in prison and/or fine up to $600,000, or both
Schedule II Opiates and opium derivatives not included in schedule I, including cocaine and methamphetamine Up to 30 years in prison and/or fine up to $600,000, or both
Schedule III Anabolic steroids, stimulants, narcotics and depressants Up to 5 years in prison and/or fine up to $5,000
Schedule IV Other narcotics, depressants and stimulants not listed in schedule III, including alprazolam Up to 5 years in prison and/or fine up to $5,000
Schedule V Other narcotics, stimulants and depressants not listed in schedule IV Up to 5 years in prison and/or fine up to $5,000
While marijuana is treated differently than other illicit drugs in Louisiana, penalties are no less harsh. If you're caught in possession of marijuana, even if it's your first offense, you will face jail time.
Possession Amount
Less than 14 grams (first offense) Not classified Up to 15 days in jail and/or fine up to $300
14 g to 2.5 lbs (first offense) Not classified Up to 6 months in prison and/or fine up to $500
2.5 lbs to 60 lbs Not classified Up to 10 years in prison and/or fine up to $30,000
60 lbs to 2,000 lbs Felony Up to 30 years in prison and/or fine up to $100,000
2,000 lbs to 10,000 lbs Felony Up to 40 years in prison and/or fine up to $400,000
10,000 lbs or more Felony Up to 40 years in prison and/or fine up to $1 million
Additional factors can determine the type of sentence an offender receives. For instance, if the crime occurred within 2,000 feet of a drug-free zone, like a school or park, the sentence is multiplied by one-and-a-half times the maximum penalty.
Find Addiction Treatment That's Tailored to You
It's time for you or your loved one to break the cycle of addiction. Contact our treatment specialists now to get the help you deserve.
Louisiana and the HIDTA Program
Louisiana participates in the United State's High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area (HIDTA) program. This program supplies areas of the U.S. critically affected by drug trafficking with resources they need to address the threat. Resources include state-of-the-art drug monitoring technologies as well as dedicated drug task forces.
The Gulf Coast HIDTA supports 12 drug task forces and one intelligence-related initiative in Louisiana. These task forces are located within every major Louisiana city and address the issues like the transportation of drugs over Louisiana's highways.
The Louisiana counties and parishes included in the Gulf Coast HIDTA are:
Bossier
Calcasieu
East Baton Rouge
Ouachita
Louisiana Harm Reduction Laws
In response to dangerously high drug abuse rates, Louisiana has become one of the most harm reduction-friendly states in the country. Several laws have been enacted to reduce the risks associated with drug addiction and improve the lives of Louisiana's residents.
911 Good Samaritan Law
The reason many overdoses turn fatal is because 911 isn't called quickly enough. In fact, some people hesitate to callcalling 911 out of fear of being charged or arrested for their own drug abuse.
Louisiana has a Good Samaritan law that gives a person legal immunity if they call 911 for an overdose. The law applies to someone's own overdose as well as witnesses to an overdose. However, according to state law, the overdose must have resulted from drugs that were legally prescribed for medical purposes.
Naloxone Availability Laws
Naloxone, the life-saving antidote used to reverse heroin overdoses, became widely available in Louisiana in 2016. The expansion allows people to obtain Naloxone as an over-the-counter medication. Because of this, more lives can be saved from heroin-related overdoses.
Addiction Treatment in Louisiana
From intensive residential care to outpatient therapy, Louisiana's treatment centers offer specialized care to fit the needs of many types of addiction sufferers.
Drug Courts
Louisiana participates in a drug court program to hear cases that specifically involve drug-related crimes.
Drug courts offer nonviolent offenders with a drug addiction a chance to recover.
Participants in drug courts receive treatment, counseling and any other services they need to get sober. There are currently 50 drug courts in operation in the state.
Drug courts have been tremendously successful in helping people regain control of their lives. As an alternative to jail time, drug courts get to the root cause of the offender's crime – their drug addiction. By helping people get sober, drug courts significantly reduce recidivism and the chances of a person relapsing.
Inmate Treatment Programs
Inmates in Louisiana are given the opportunity to recover from their substance addiction through programs offered by the state's department of corrections.
One of the most successful programs is the Steve Hoyle Rehabilitation Program. Located at the Bossier Parish Correctional Facility, the program provides a therapeutic approach to treat and educate offenders with substance abuse disorders. The program, which won a prestigious award in 2015, also works with families of inmates.
Research has shown that strong family relationships help more offenders stay sober after being released from prison.
Since July 2012, more than 2,100 people have graduated from the program.
Find Treatment in Louisiana
Recovering from substance addiction is possible with the right treatment approach. Louisiana has several long-term residential treatment centers located across the state. These facilities typically offer treatment that lasts 60 to 120 days.
After making the decision to get help for a drug or alcohol addiction, many people wonder where they should go for rehab. While there are plenty of options to choose from, it's important to find a center that gives you the exact type of treatment you need. This is why more people choose to travel out of state for rehab. Taking the time to find the right treatment center greatly increases your chance of getting – and remaining – sober.
Whether you're looking for a specific treatment or need help deciding which rehab is right for you, contact our treatment specialists today.
https://www.lasc.org/court_managed_prog/drug_courts.asp
http://norml.org/laws/item/louisiana-penalties-2
http://legis.la.gov/Legis/Law.aspx?p=y&d=98880
http://legis.la.gov/Legis/Law.aspx?d=98881
http://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/NSDUHMetroBriefReports/NSDUHMetroBriefReports/NSDUH-Metro-New-Orleans.pdf
http://bossierpress.com/bossier-parish-correctional-facilitys-substance-abuse-program-wins-award/
http://doc.la.gov/substance-abuse-treatment
http://choopersguide.com/content/911-good-samaritan-laws-by-state.html#Louisiana_911_Good_Samaritan_Law
https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/ViewDocument.aspx?d=932626
Cities in Louisiana


The island takes its name from Greek mythology in particular the mythological figure Cephalus. The name refers to Kefalonia's unusual headlike shape - and derives from Ciphalis which is Greek for head. Kefalonia has numerous spellings and may be known as Cephallenia, Cephallonia, Kefallinia, or Kefallonia depending on where you come from. While the island is large it actually has a particularly small and condensed population of just 40,000 inhabitants with roughly one third of those being localised to the capital city - Argostoli.
The second largest Kefalonian settlement in Lixouri which is just north of the capital. The island which was once a sleepy and dominated by fishing has transformed its image following the hugely popular release of the Hollywood blockbuster Captain Correlli's Mandolin. The film staring Nicholas Cage was filmed on the island and was famed for its fantastic cinematography placing Kefalonia firmly on the map worldwide. While Kefalonia remains a tranquil island - and is still mostly unspoilt it has evolved in recent years to accommodate the influx of tourists and is now developed enough to offer a fantastic holiday with something for everyone.
If you holiday in Kefalonia you will find it has so much to offer including Europes most amazing golden beaches, stunning pine covered mountains, quiet bays and the famously high quality Greek food. Myrtos is the most famous beach in Kefalonia and having been ranked 5th most beautiful in the world is very popular with tourists. A visit to the northern side of the island will allow you to fully embrace the charm and culture of Kefalonia however wherever you choose to stay the Kefalonian people will always make you feel welcome.
Kefalonia has had a difficult history having been conquered by many countries over the centuries. The Normans tried to take the island by force in 1082, then in 1185 Kefalonia fell into the hands of Venetian pirates. It had a brief spell in the hands of the Turkish but was retaken by the Venetians until being occupied by France in 1797. The French rule was followed by Russian and Turk's before being held by Britain in 1809. Greece only re-occupied the island in 1864. The Kefalonian people are often regarded as the islands most endearing asset. Their hospitality has won the island many friends and to be Kefalonian is to be someone of character or as some locals may tell you sometimes a little crazy (thought its occupation the Kefalonian people have always retained their own unique brand of Greekness).
For an island Kefalonia has so much variety to offer - beautiful beaches, the clearest blue sea, flowing lush green valleys, rugged mountain landscapes. Whatever you seek - be it bustling tourist spots or tranquil isolation, bays with loggerhead turtles and dolphins with the finest hospitality wherever you go. Kefalonia really is a wonderful place - the holiday island of dreams.


Nikon user who has registered at NikonClub (http://www.nikonclub.com.hk) and activated the account successfully on or before December 6, 2015 is eligible for this Lucky Draw.
The existing NikonClub member who has successfully submitted 3 or more photos to My Album and published on Gallery (https://nikonclub.com.hk/tc/Gallery.aspx), and /or participated in any member activities organized by NikonClub on or before December 6, 2015 is eligible for this Lucky Draw.
A total of 36 winners will be selected pursuant to the Lucky Draw. Each winner will win 1 Zone B adult ticket worth HK$780 to City of Dreams Macua "The House of Dancing Water".
The above activities are subject to the terms and conditions.
NikonClub Member Lucky Draw ("the Lucky Draw") is organized by Nikon Hong Kong Ltd. ("Nikon" or "the Company"). All persons participating herein agree to be bound by these Lucky Draw Terms and Conditions.
Participants must be holders of valid HKID and/or Macau ID cards and aged 16 or above on November 5, 2015.
Promotion Period of this Lucky Draw is valid from November 5 to December 6, 2015("Promotion Period").
Existing NikonClub member has participated in any member activities organized by NikonClub on or before December 6, 2015.
Each successful case of the above will be entitled one luck draw entry in the entire Promotion Period.
The number of Lucky draw chances will not be accumulated, even in line with the above conditions, each member is entitled to earn a single chance for the Lucky Draw.
The due date and time mentioned above should be subject to the time of receiving the relevant information from Hong Kong NikonClub server.
The Company should have no liability in respect of, and will be indemnified from and against, any liability, delay, loss, claim, damage or costs of any kind (including but not limited to computer, network, telephone, technical) to information delivery, registration in the Lucky Draw.
The results of the lucky draw will be announced on NikonClub website and Nikon Hong Kong Facebook(http://www.facebook.com/NikonHongKong)on December 12, 2015. All lucky draw results will be published on December 11, 2015 in Sing Tao Daily and The Standard.
Nikon will present a redemption voucher which can be redeemed 1 Zone B adult ticket worth HK$780 to City of Dreams Macau "The House of Dancing Water" on or before March 31, 2016. Winner has to book ticket in advance by email to showenquiry@melco-crown.com. On-site redemption is non-acceptable. Relevant details and terms and conditions of The House of Dancing Water ticket redemption, please refer the details on the redemption voucher.
All prizes are non-exchangeable for cash or other items.
Participant understands and agrees to be bound by these terms and conditions. Any non-compliance with or beach of any of these Terms and Conditions, or by participating dishonestly, the Company has the right to disqualify it participation without any notice.
In case of any dispute, the decision of the Company shall be final.


Curiosity fuels us…come be curious with us!
You may know Louisville as the home of the Kentucky Derby, and bourbon, both local favorites, but there is much more to our city. Curiosity drives us to find the most unique experiences and tailor them to your needs. We provide destination management services that engage and enhance your visit to Louisville.
From the historic hotel that inspired The Great Gatsby to the first hotel in the world to double as a contemporary art museum, we know venues in Louisville that will enhance your event and showcase the spirit of the city. Working with you to ensure you stay on budget we can be your point of contact for hotels, meeting spaces, offsite venues, and restaurants — from sourcing to contracting and reconciliation.
You may have tasted our bourbon and watched the Kentucky Derby, but Louisville has much more to offer. We'll show you the best of Louisville with custom tours tailored to your group. From bourbon and culinary explorations, Civil War historical tours, equestrian experiences, art galleries, and much more. Bring your curiosity, and we'll do the rest!
Sometimes you want to bring the Derby City to you….in the hotel. We work with set designers to build a location in your event room. Whether it's the Winner's Circle from the Kentucky Derby, or a speakeasy with bourbon tastings, we'll transform your event venue and entertain your guests — all within your budget.
We believe everything speaks to your brand. From the moment your group arrives, we'll greet them with the Southern hospitality you expect. Whether you need a town car, a fleet of sedans, SUVs, or full-service coaches, we'll coordinate the arrangements for you so you and your guests can relax and have fun!
Working with you to set goals and success measures, we design meetings that will not only meet those goals but do so with engagement and fun! From suggesting an agenda and managing break-out sessions to coordinating teleconferencing and A/V needs, we prepare and handle it all. We work with you on your overall budget so you can maximize the ROI for your time in Louisville.
We provide on-the-ground, personal and professional oversight of all partners and paperwork related to your group's entire experience in Louisville.
Just because your conference is being held in a hotel ballroom or the convention center doesn't mean you can't explore Louisville. Whether it's a dine-around to one of Louisville's world renowned restaurants, a themed dinner, bourbon tasting or a combination of all of these, Destination Lou will ensure your time spent off property is an engaging and one-of-a-kind experience.
You can't do it alone and you shouldn't have to. We provide event staff to help ensure your event is flawless and your brand is carried through every piece of the event. Our skilled staff can be where you need them, when you need them, from registration, to meet-and-greet, to staging. You can rely on us!
As experts on local venues, we match the right venue to your event and then ensure that everything is flawless. We will suggest unique experiences and coordinate the details, including minute-by-minute timing and production of schedules. We expect the unexpected and prepare for it, so all you need to focus on is the experience.
Create authentic connections with your team while helping the community. Partnering with local non-profits, we build team activities that have environmental, social, and economic impact to ensure your team has an opportunity to reap the benefits of giving back while getting to know each other.
Enhance your event with interactive entertainment, from puppeteers to aerial artists, period costumes to bluegrass music, the options are endless. We'll work with you to design an entertaining event and make your guests' experience memorable.
Give your guests a reminder of their time in Louisville! Working with local vendors to source gifts that reflect the spirit of Louisville, we offer branded thank-you gifts, specialty gift baskets, and attendee amenities customized for your group.


text:
Q: How to test if file is a socket in command line? As titled. Is there a way to test in command line whether a file is a socket? By test I mean whether I can tell from the stdout, and not programmatically as in a bash script, although that's fine too. Btw, I am on a Mac (once in a while the commands are different). Thanks!

A: A socket has "s" in the first permission flag:
ls -la X0
srwxrwxrwx 1 paul hum 0 Jul 14 14:48 X0

You can test in bash with the -S switch:
if  [ -S /my/file.socket ] ; then
   # stuff
fi

Or the find command could be used to find any sockets in a directory:
find  . -type s

A: test -S /var/run/some_socket_file
if $? == 0, this file is a socket file.


text:
Preservation ABCs: H is for Highway
Preservation ABCs is a series that will work its way from A to Z, bringing words into conversation that are relevant to historic preservation, whether it's an idea, feature or vocabulary term. The idea is to help you see preservation everywhere you look and wherever you go. Enjoy! See previous letters.
H is for Highway
Vermont Route 17: highways come in all landscapes and alignments.
Highways and historic preservation are inherently linked. All roads tell a significant part of history; highways are corridors that have defined, shaped and drastically influenced American life. From trails to dirt roads or corduroy roads, toll roads, turnpikes, parkways, interstates, all are tangible connections as to how people have traversed the landscape, in which directions, how society has adapted with changing technology and expanding settlement patterns.
Suffice to say, there is more to a highway than miles. Starting with the simplest of highway elements: its surface can give clues to the era of its construction. Width, geometry, speed limits, alignment, environs: these elements add greater depth to highway history. In other words, road construction relates to changing technologies and safety standards.
Depending on where you live, the word highway likely conjures an image different to you than it does for someone else. What do you see? Suburban development and strip malls? The wide open fields and skies of the midwest? Winding New England highways through the mountains? The coastal highways along the ocean? Do you imagine two lanes? Four lanes? Something else? When considering historic highways, often what comes to mind are images of Route 66, the Dixie Highway, the Lincoln Highway or the many parkways throughout New York and New Jersey. From there we can imagine the mid-twentieth century roadside America genre, what we typically associate with the autocentric development: hotels, gas stations, suburban development, drive-ins, and a culture that modified itself to fit with the automobile age.
Beyond the era of highway itself, historic or not, it is important to consider the fact that the majority of our highways include historic elements such as bridges and tunnels. And highways pass through and are parts of our historic districts, villages, towns and cities. No matter the age of the road or the town, a roadway project will at some point be planned, one that has the potential to alter the landscape as it has in the past. Highway and eventual interstate construction was one of the catalysts for our federal and state historic preservation laws and the Section 106 and Section 4(f) review processes.
To that effect, this quote is a good one to keep in mind:
"Few creations of man have such widespread effects upon their surroundings as do highways… Taken as a whole, these side effects change the appearance and character of our state and could make it a less desirable place to live work and visit."
– James Wick, A State Highway Project in Your Town – A Primer for Citizens and Public Officials (1998).
That is not to say that all highway projects are disastrous and a threat to historic resources. Rather it is important to recognize that our built environment is constantly changing and growing, and one small effect after another can greatly alter where we live. Highways are deeply rooted in our history, our present, and our future. Highways run through our historic districts as Main Streets. Combining transportation, preservation, and pedestrian livability is a concept explored by the Complete Streets movement. Incorporating and respecting all of our resources is an important task of planners and regulators and citizens.
Highways and historic preservation go hand in hand. And who doesn't long for the lure of the open road? It's a blank canvas for new adventures and a book filled with the travels of others.


People visit several websites daily to fulfill their required needs or to get their things done in personal or commercially. They commonly visit their required sites by searching the stuff through Google.com which is of course a reliable and the easiest way to access the website.
There are several ways to attract people for visiting any specific website by using creative ways like advertising or generating a predefined path to drive the visitors right to the website. This can simply be done through prominent strategies that will drive the visitors directly to specific website through the searched content by visitors. This can be carried out by using or creating resourceful, catchy and meaningful content to attract the attention of the visitors. Moreover, by making pertinent fascination and to show that the website development is something that provides appropriate consideration for the visitors for which they can visited he website.
A good site is easily tracked and visited by more and more visitors through a selection of a good and searchable keywords related to the website's products. This way; the website gets easy keyword ranking of the website on different search engines. The keywords also play vital role in attracting the attention of the visitors and create easy access to website by their selection of keywords for which they come to look for their desired needs. The keywords are effective in spreading the concept of the website and works quite efficiently when people search with related keywords as well. The use of specific density of the targeted keywords create a succeeding element to drive attention in the content to define the worth of the product for the visitors.
One of the best and creative ways to promote the websites with a catchy and attractive content for the visitors which can get viral among the viewers who use social platforms so that the website can be renowned publically. The content plays a prominent role in defining or marketing the products listed on the website. The entire details reflect a perfect overview for the visitors to let know what the website is about. Thus, the website gets social signals and huge visitors check it out for something that was marketed through social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, & LinkedIn etc. which are mostly used platforms by people.
Otherwise, the same website will never reach out to anyone and will remain just a worthless entity somewhere on the internet and no one will see it or have any knowledge of the reason for the development of the website. So, a website that is especially designed for the online representation of any or specific product(s) may get fruitful attraction on the internet and people get what they need from the website.
That's for sure, any website required publicity over internet and which is the most necessary and important factor to market and also present it in the most innovative ways to inspire the visitors. It should be designed according to the physical criteria of search engines especially to the predefined criteria of Google.com which is considered the most across the world. It should also contain the most advanced and new features so that the visitors may easily use or jump to their required pages without any difficulty. The use of specific pages should be created like about us, products, news, blogs and contact page for easy contacting to the site owner is something very import to focus while developing the website. Every page should work instantly without creating problem to the visitors or else they will leave never to return back. So, the website should be checked for any error(s) from time to time for driving continuous visitors to the website.


Imagine you're in a class at school, learning something that you're really not interested in. The teacher explains a few new things, but you don't quite get it. You look out the window at the nice day outside, and see some of your friends sitting under a tree. You wish you could go and join them.
The teacher smacks a book down on the desk in front of you. You jump in your seat, and hurriedly return your attention to answering the questions that have been written on the board.
It doesn't take long before every class becomes something to be feared, and before you've even walked into the classroom the negative feelings have started. How are you supposed to learn if the only thing you associate with that class is stress and worry? And so the vicious cycle sets in… once you've formed that association between the stressful situation and the teacher, subject, classroom, or all of the above, the very appearance of any of them may be enough to set your brain off either on a course to anxious, irrational thoughts and behaviour, or to completely shutting everything out because it's just too difficult to deal with.
So how do we relate this back to horses?
Clearly we, as the teachers of horses, need to do our best to set things out clearly for the horse. To constantly assess their behaviour to make sure they are mentally and physically coping with what we are asking. To back off and do something easier if we have asked too much too soon. To aim for calmness and relaxation at all times. Fortunately good training sessions have the power to undo the damage of previous, less-than-perfect training sessions.
Of course that sounds great, but no-one is born a horse trainer – just like horses, we all learn at different paces. If you're the sort of person who dives in, and then deals with problems as they arise, the key is to look for the signs – if something is going wrong, there is a reason. Next time you're trying to train your horse and get frustrated because they're being "irrational", call a "time out" and think for a bit… you don't want to get stuck in a vicious cycle of irrationality. As the one in charge, you are the one who can decide to take a breather and think of a way to get back on the path to calm, rational training sessions.
This entry was posted in Anthrozoology, Behaviour, Training, Welfare and tagged anthrozoology, empathy, irrationality, rational thought, sidesaddle, Thoughts from a quote, training, walk a mile, welfare by HorseThinker. Bookmark the permalink.


Potomac Communications Group (PCG) is looking for a confident and energetic Project Specialist/Project Coordinator to support client work across our diverse client base. This position works closely with multiple account leads. Candidates should be prepared to support varied projects including media engagement, research, writing, graphics and video production as well as logistics support for events, annual meetings and press conferences.
PCG hires curious people who are good teammates and offers a fast-paced and often virtual workplace. Applicants should be interested in learning the details about highly technical challenges and in producing plain language summaries of complex topics. Strong writing skills are critical, and the interview process will include a writing test. Experience dealing with issues in energy, infrastructure, science or technology is considered a plus.
Event Support: Understanding of logistics requirements to support events such as press conferences, annual meetings, etc.
Candidate must be detail-oriented, yet able to juggle multiple and often changing clients, projects and deadlines. Ideal candidate should also have a personal drive to succeed and a commitment to producing quality work.
PCG offers great growth potential; a competitive salary and performance-based bonus; a paid benefits package that includes health, dental and vision insurance, and 401k matching; generous vacation and maternity/paternity leave; life and disability insurance; healthcare flexible spending account; corporate smartphone; parking/metro transit subsidy; and telework days.
Please submit a resume, two writing samples and a cover letter to job@pcgpr.com. In your cover letter, please tell us about the unique contributions you can add to our team and client work.


text:
The Delegation of the European Union to Yemen
https://twitter.com/EUinYemen
https://www.facebook.com/EuDelegationYemen#!/EuDelegationYemen
EEAS homepage > Yemen > The Casket of our History – EUAM Iraq fights illegal trade in cultural goods
The Casket of our History – EUAM Iraq fights illegal trade in cultural goods
Third workshop in Baghdad united international and Iraqi key actors to stem money-making by criminals and terrorists. Physical protection of museums in the limelight.
Organised crime and terrorist groups create income from the illegal trafficking of cultural goods in Iraq. This is one of the reasons why the civilian EU Advisory Mission in Iraq supports the Iraqi government in protecting the cultural heritage of Mesopotamia.
The Mission recently conducted in Baghdad its third international workshop on the protection of cultural heritage: "The Casket of our History". The workshop aimed at strengthening collective efforts to preserve cultural heritage by illustrating the situation of Iraq's museums and how to ensure their physical protection.
INTERPOL and Carabinieri close ranks with Iraqi counterparts
The workshop united European experts from INTERPOL, the Italian Carabinieri's Cultural Heritage Protection unit and the International Council of Museums with Iraqi experts. The participants praised the workshop for its content and highlighted the importance of sharing expertise and networking with international colleagues from different Iraqi institutions and abroad.
Background: ISIS controlled at the worst times 20% of Iraq's archaeological sites. Invaluable cultural goods such as artefacts from the Assyrian era or ancient churches were deliberately destroyed. EUAM Iraq is the only CSDP Mission so far that employs a specialist in cultural heritage protection to stem revenue creation by organized crime and terrorist groups. Protecting cultural values, enhancing the Iraqi inheritance and preventing the root causes of extremism are among the key factors in the stabilisation efforts in Iraq. Established in 2017, the EUAM advises Iraqi authorities on the civilian aspects of its security sector reform. EUAM Iraq and the other nine civilian CSDP Missions play a very important catalyst role also by connecting international and national actors to jointly solve challenges that might have a destabilizing and security deteriorating effect on host countries. The close cooperation with international expert bodies from the UN family or INTERPOL is one of the most concrete manifestations of the EU's support for effective multilateralism.
civilian CSDP #workingforhumansecurity #Iraq
The Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability (CPCC)
The ten civilian CSDP Missions work to increase human security. Around 2,000 men and women are currently deployed in Europe, Africa and the Middle East. The CPCC is the headquarter of these Missions. Read about their joint efforts to strengthen security, rule of law and human rights.
EU calls for halt to hostilities and all outside interference in Libya
EUAM Iraq and the NATO Mission Iraq sign a Memorandum of Cooperation The civilian CSDP Mission EUAM Iraq and the NATO Mission Iraq (NMI) signed a Memorandum of Cooperation to formalise and further strengthen the good cooperation between the two Missions.
EUAM Iraq: New head of mission appointed press Category: Press releases Editorial Sections: EEAS EUAM Iraq Military and civilian missions and operations: EUAM Iraq Unique ID: 191212_15 Press Location: Brussels
The Mission met with the newly appointed Head of the EU Delegation to Iraq EUAM Iraq Head of Mission Dr. Markus Ritter met with the newly appointed Head of the EU Delegation to Iraq Ambassador Martin Huth. He previously served as the German Ambassador to Lebanon. Ambassador Huth grew up in Iran and Egypt. He speaks German, English, French, Arabic and Farsi. EUAM Iraq
Visit to the UNESCO World Heritage Site Babylon EUAM Iraq Head of Mission Dr. Markus Ritter visited the ancient city of Babylon and met with the Head of the Babylon museum Mr. Mohammed Tahir. The city, situated 85km south of Baghdad was declared as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in July. Iraq had been lobbying since 1983 for the 4,000-year-old
Umm Darman street 2 (3rd Floor), Abdoun, Amman, Jordan
Telephone: +962 6 590 29 29
DELEGATION-YEMEN@eeas.europa.eu


text:
require "formula"
require "keg"
require "migrator"

module Homebrew
  def outdated
    formulae = ARGV.resolved_formulae.any? ? ARGV.resolved_formulae : Formula.installed
    if ARGV.json == "v1"
      outdated = print_outdated_json(formulae)
    else
      outdated = print_outdated(formulae)
    end
    Homebrew.failed = ARGV.resolved_formulae.any? && outdated.any?
  end

  def outdated_brews(formulae)
    formulae.map do |f|
      all_versions = []
      older_or_same_tap_versions = []

      if f.oldname && !f.rack.exist? && (dir = HOMEBREW_CELLAR/f.oldname).exist?
        if f.tap == Tab.for_keg(dir.subdirs.first).tap
          raise Migrator::MigrationNeededError.new(f)
        end
      end

      f.rack.subdirs.each do |keg_dir|
        keg = Keg.new keg_dir
        version = keg.version
        all_versions << version
        older_version = f.pkg_version <= version

        tap = Tab.for_keg(keg).tap
        if tap.nil? || f.tap == tap || older_version
          older_or_same_tap_versions << version
        end
      end

      if older_or_same_tap_versions.all? { |version| f.pkg_version > version }
        yield f, all_versions if block_given?
        f
      end
    end.compact
  end

  def print_outdated(formulae)
    verbose = ($stdout.tty? || ARGV.verbose?) && !ARGV.flag?("--quiet")

    outdated_brews(formulae) do |f, versions|
      if verbose
        puts "#{f.full_name} (#{versions*", "} < #{f.pkg_version})"
      else
        puts f.full_name
      end
    end
  end

  def print_outdated_json(formulae)
    json = []
    outdated = outdated_brews(formulae) do |f, versions|
      json << { :name => f.full_name,
                :installed_versions => versions.collect(&:to_s),
                :current_version => f.pkg_version.to_s }
    end
    puts Utils::JSON.dump(json)

    outdated
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Air Italy and Wow are facing India headwinds.
Even before their Indian services are launched both carriers have drastically cut their proposed schedules.
Air Italy (backed by Qatar Airways) was supposed to have launched flights between Milan Malpensa and both Delhi and Mumbai at the end of this month.
The plan was to operate six flights a week to Delhi with five flights a week to Mumbai.
But at short notice Air Italy decided not only to postpone both services until December it will also be (almost) halving flight frequency to three flights a week.
Meanwhile Reykjavik-based low-cost carrier (LCC) Wow Air will still launch services to Delhi in early December.
But Wow has decided not to increase flight frequency to five flights a week from January 2019.
According to Wowair.com it will continue to operate three flights a week until summer 2019 at least.
From this we can deduce that both airlines have found the expected passenger numbers were not there.
India is a volume market. The yield (revenue) per seat is low and so airlines must operate at high load factors to generate a profit.
Wow Air has also learnt that the Indian authorities can impose rules which go against a LCC's business plan.
As we reported last month Wow Air, a true bare bones airline, is having to offer passengers free water on its Delhi route.
Spare capacity is doubtless the reason why Air Italy will lease an A330 to Finnair for approximately three weeks starting today (Oct12).
Could the FAA approve even smaller airline seats?


wataninet.com - The church of the Holy Virgin and Mar-Girgis (St George) in the village of Sheikh Alaa' in Minya, some 250km south of Cairo, was founded in 2015, and is the only church in the village. It was established without licence, owing to the near impossibility of obtaining licence despite the dire need for a church in the village. The church is housed in a 170 sq.m two-storey building which Minya bishopric purchased in 2014. The first floor incudes a reception hall and offices; the second includes the church.
Once the building was purchased, the bishopric renovated it and started preparing the upper floor to serve as a church. It was almost ready to receive worshippers in 2015, when extremist Muslim villagers waged an attack against it, destroying a large portion of the interior and furnishings. The police hastened to close the building under the pretext of avoiding violence against the Copts, but caught no culprit.
The building remained closed till last month when the priest Fr Moussa Thabet, encouraged by the 2016 law for building churches, decided to reopen it. He held Mass there; it was attended by hundreds of villagers who were happy to finally be able to worship in a place in their village. But the same extremists who had attacked the church two years ago attacked it again. Again, the police decided to close the building and, again, no culprit was caught.
This time, however, the Copts refused to leave the church and, in a gesture of protest, some 70 of them conducted a sit-in inside the church. Since the police refused to allow anything to be handed to the protestors, the neighbours started throwing to them food and drink on the church rooftop from neighbouring rooftops.
An arrangement was reached with the police whereby the women and children were made to leave the church and go home, then most of the men left too; now only Fr Moussa remains in the building with three deacons. The police allow foodstuffs in, but no one is allowed to go in to them, nor are they allowed to leave. Fr Moussa prays daily Mass with the deacons.
A church said that, according to the law for building churches, the bishopric has filed an official application to legalise the status of the church, but no decision has so far been taken on that score.


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LET'S CONNECT ON FACEBOOK
About Journey2Croatia
Ivana Tomic, GM
ISLANDS BRAC, HVAR, KORCULA, SOLTA
SPLIT, SIBENIK, PRIMOSTEN
Fun facts about Croatia
Although you might think that the original cartoon from the 1960s was based on a new breed of dog, the reality is different. The Dalmatian dog got it's name from Dalmatia, the beautiful region of Croatia where it served as a family and work dog. Since Dalmatia was under the rule of Venice, it spread to there, and it became a noble dog in the 19th century in England.
Flashlight for astronauts
Anthony Maglica, the owner of the well-known company Mag-Lite, comes from Dalmatian island Zlarin. Mag-Lite flashlights are among the ten most famous American export products, used by astronauts and deep sea explorers, amongst others
Like GOT? Well then get on a plane and come to Split and hike to Klis or well known filming location Dubrovnik, the Pearl of the Adriatic, as the famous English poet Lord Byron called it. Why? Because King's Landing, the home of the Lannisters, is the actual Old town of Dubrovnik. Apart from that, several other locations near Dubrovnik were used in the filming of the popular TV show.
Necktie is Croatian
It's a fact, we Croatians gave the world a symbol of it's culture, the necktie. The modern necktie spread by Europe traces back to the time of the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) when Croatian mercenaries from the Croatian Military Frontier in French service, wearing their traditional small, knotted neckerchiefs, aroused the interest of the Parisien. Due to the slight difference between the Croatian word for Croats, Hrvati, and the French word, Croates, the garment gained the name "cravat" ("cravate" in French). The boy-king Louis XIV began wearing a lace cravat about 1646, when he was seven, and set the fashion for French nobility. This new article of clothing started a fashion craze in Europe, the rest is history.
Nikola Tesla was born in Croatia
Nikola Tesla, the man without whom the modern world would not look the way it does and the inventor, electrical engineer, mechanical engineer who is best known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current electricity supply system was born in Croatia, in the small village of Smiljan. It's just near the main A1 highway in Croatia which connects Zagreb (capital) and Split (Dalmatia), and there is a Tesla museum in his home village which is open for public.
We have the smallest town in the world
Hum is located in Istria, and it really is the smallest town in the world, without a doubt. It was confirmed so by the Guinness World Records book. The first mention of it was in documents dating from 1102, at which time it was called Cholm which is derived from the Italian name Colmo. It has a population of 21 as per the 2011 census, but is officially a town.
The pen is Croatian
If you have a pen somewhere near, you will be surprised to find that it's origin is Croatian, as well as it's name. It was invented in 1906. by Slavoljub Eduard Penkala as the mechanical Pencil, then called the 'automatic pencil'. He also invented the solid-ink fountain pen a year later and among his 80 patents was a hot water bottle – the 'Termofor'.
The best electric hypercar in the world is Croatian
Rimac Automobili, a young start-up is based in Croatia and it has one very exclusive product – an all-electric hypercar Concept One which is produced by hand, is an all-Croatian product, and it costs a 1,6 million dollars. However, the Concept One is not the only thing Rimac Automobili produces – it also is the maker of electric drive and batteries for Aston Martin Valkyrie, a 3 million dollars Formula 1 one derived hypercar.
Truffles are a Croatian thing too
Like truffles? Maybe you ate some Alba ones from Italy? Well, chances are that they may have been from Croatia, where in Istria truffles, black and white, have been hunted down and used in cuisine for centuries. We have black and white truffles, and Buzet in Istria is known as the city of truffles.
We have an extremely diverse cuisine
If you want to eat well – come to Croatia. Because of it's geopolitical positioning Croatia haw been the interest of many conquerors over the centuries, which has made our cuisine a combination of Mediterranean, oriental (Turkish), Austrian and even French cuisine, the latter because of Napoleon's 50 year rule in some parts of Croatia. Also, Croatian old wine variety, Crljenak Kastelanski, is the same grape variety as Zinfandel, which was proven by a DNA test.
Early inventor from Croatia invented the parachute in 17 century
Faust Vrancic (1551-1617) is known as the inventor of the parachute who constructed a device based on Da Vinci's drawings. He constructed a rectangular parachute and tested it by jumping from a tower in Venice in 1617. In island Prvic (Sibenik region) next to the new church, is his summerhouse. His descendants still live there.
First exhibition of a living artist in Metropolitan Museum of New York
Most famous Croatian sculptor Ivan Mestrovic, as well as one of the biggest modern world artist in 1947 organized in the Metropolitan Museum of New York an exhibition about his work, which was the first exhibition of a living artist.
Among first public parks in the world is park Maksimir in Zagreb
In the late 18th century, when Zagreb had only 10.000 inhabitants the construction of park Maksimir had begun. Maksimir is one of the first public parks in Europe and worldwide. At that time most parks were private gardens close to the royal and aristocratic residences and public parks were extremely rare.
First Public Theater in Europe
was opened in 1612 on the island of Hvar, in the town, which "Conde Nast Traveler Magazine" entered at the fifth place on its Top Ten list of best island towns in the world.
The White House was built of Croatian stone
Stone is from the island of Brac. From same stone was build the New Palace (Vienna, Austria), the Parliament building (in Vienna, Austria), the Parliament Building (Budapest, Hungary) and the palace of Roman emperor Diocletian (Split, Croatia).
First hydro power plant in the world
Was "Iskrice", made in the city of Sibenik, on the river Krka, Croatia – 1895.
Gric Cannon in Zagreb
Each day at noon in Zagreb you can hear Gric Cannon. Since January 1st 1877 the cannon is fired from the Lotrscak Tower on Gric to mark midday. The cannon was to give the sign for sharp noon for the bell-ringers of the city's churches
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Marvel announces 'I am Groot' for Phase 3; DC scrambles for response
Posted on August 3, 2014 August 3, 2014 by Douglas Ernst7 Comments
Before the weekend was out on the Guardians of the Galaxy's successful box office debut, Marvel Studios released some news the size of an oak tree. Or, perhaps a Groot. The reasoning is also likely to enrage DC fans. Marvel's Phase 3 will include 'I am Groot,' to be released in the summer of 2017, which all but guarantees that the plant from Planet X gets his day in the sun before "Justice League."
"We are Groot!" Marvel Studios President of Production Kevin Feige said at a press conference late Saturday. "It's a go. It's happening. I know a lot of people are wondering how we're going to pull this off, but I assure you that 'I am Groot' has an amazing creative team behind it. The screenplay is great and we're close to sealing the deal with a director who I'm sure will knock it out of the ballpark."
The Hollywood Reporter reached out to 'Man of Steel' producer Wesley Coller for a response and was told that a reply would be forthcoming. Entertainment Weekly likewise said that calls to DC's front office were not returned.
DC's silence, in many ways, speaks louder than words. 'Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice' is scheduled to be released May 6, 2016, which would put Marvel Studios in a position to have 'I am Groot' in theaters before fans ever get a chance to see an official Justice League movie. While all comic fans can rejoice at the sheer volume of superhero films being made, it's sure to inflame the rivalry between the two industry giants.
In a recent article with the Belfast Telegraph, actor Vin Diesel said that playing Groot was a challenge for him as an actor, due to the character's limited vocabulary. When asked about the 'I am Groot' movie by the Los Angeles Times, he said "I love the character. He's challenging, but it's worth every second. The world fell in love with Groot this weekend because he's innocent and pure and good. I consider it an honor to be able to bring this character to life in his very own movie."
Besides DC fans, diversity activists voiced "serious concern" with Marvel's decision.
"I…I can not get behind this," said Eileen Einhorn, a Gender Studies major at U.C. Berkeley. "It's troublesome that although Vin Diesel is not white that his true nature must be hidden behind tree bark. I'm worried that Groot's limited vocabulary sends a coded racial message about the mental acuity of minorities and, worst of all…Groot is a man. Until Black Widow gets her own movie I urge anyone who loves diversity to boycott 'I am Groot.'"
When asked during his press conference if Rocket Raccoon would be getting his own movie, Feige just smiled and said, "Phase 4 may have some surprises to your liking. That's all I'll say right now. Sometimes I feel as if all of this isn't real. Like it's satire. The fans have been good to us. As long as they keep seeing Marvel movies, we'll keep making them."
Related: Guardians of the Galaxy: Marvel gets its heroic misfits right on the first try
Posted in Hollywood, Movies, Satire
Tagged Comics, DC, Groot, Guardians of the Galaxy, Marvel, Marvel Studios, Movies, Satire, Vin Diesel


Sri Amarnath Yatra - Vertex Holiday- Best Holiday Packages. Book Hotels, Flights for awesome Vacations. Travel World Class!
This tour is devoted to the Hindu Lord Shiva. Devotees do travel for Amarnath cave that is located near Pahalgam in Srinagar, India. Amarnath Yatra starts from Srinagar on the auspicious day of "panchami". Amarnath cave encompasses around 12 holiest celestial bodies of Lord Shiva. Devotees love to go for this religious tour to cherish the elegance of ice built long shivalinga that looks so much fascinating. This spot has its own significance and enigma. This journey is renowned in the pilgrimage history of Hindus. Amarnath Yatra has special significance for Shiva devotees. There are various Hindu stories related to this Yatra. Hence, this religions tour is ideal for all Shiva followers.


The number of West Central residents who feel their community is performing well in roads and infrastructure, public transportation service, and cultural and arts opportunities improved significantly since 2016, according to the Rural Pulse survey of more than 1,560 Minnesotans just released by the Blandin Foundation.
On the economic front, fewer respondents in the West Central region report the condition of the economy has improved since they were last surveyed in 2016. And, while the number of people who report losing a job in the last year is down from 2016, only one in four say their household income increased in the past year compared to 39 percent in 2016.
Across the state, opinions and perceptions are varied. Jobs that pay a living wage, access to affordable healthcare and childcare, and concerns about opioids and drug abuse are shared across Minnesota's communities – complex issues very much alive today at local, state and national levels. The strength and relative priority of these concerns depends, though, upon geography, income, gender, age, etc.
Rural Pulse, which has tracked such perspectives since 1998, specifically looks at what local issues residents say are most important, and how their communities and the state are performing in addressing them. For example, in recent years, the study identified persistent economic frustration among Minnesota's rural residents that had been underestimated and underreported as metro areas experienced booming post-recession growth.
According to the 2019 survey taken in in January and February this year, a third of both urban (31%) and rural (38%) residents at large polled continue to say metropolitan needs are more important to elected officials than those of rural communities. Notably, rural women (41%) and rural community leaders who are graduates of Blandin's leadership training programs (64%), believe this to be true.
Among the wealth of data generated by Rural Pulse, themes continue to arise related to the economy. While one in three Minnesotans statewide report that the economy has improved over the past year, many may not be personally feeling it yet. Only 28 percent of rural and 33 percent of urban Minnesotans report their household income increased over the past year.
In rating community and state performance, 36 percent of rural Minnesotans disagree that there is an adequate number of living-wage jobs in their community, compared to 30 percent of urban residents. Twenty-seven percent don't believe their community maintains and grows job opportunities adequately, compared to only 18 percent of urban residents. Sixty-three percent of rural Minnesotans and 75 percent or urban residents feel their communities are doing a sufficient job with economic development.
Therefore, it is not surprising that nearly one in four rural residents identify job opportunities or economic development as the most critical issues in their communities.
Across the state, nearly eight in 10 (78%) of those living in rural Minnesota say that they are optimistic about the future of their community, up four percentage points since 2016. They also feel they are able to make a positive community impact (84%) and that their community works across differences to address local issues (82%).
New to Rural Pulse this year are questions related to gaps in diversity and inclusion. For example, 46 percent of rural residents say they have close friends of a different race or culture, compared to 70 percent of urban residents. Responses to another new question about those they have seen experience bias, discrimination or harassment in their community yielded common answers among urban and rural – most often mentioned were people with drug abuse and mental health issues, transgender persons and recent immigrants. Urban residents also included African Americans among their top responses.
Minnesotans – both urban and rural, and across all demographics – give themselves high marks when standing up to hate or discrimination if they see it occur; some 80 percent agree that people in their community can. Preliminary results of a Blandin Foundation-sponsored cultural and racial study, to be released May 1, suggest that non-Caucasians are less likely to agree that people are able to speak up about hatred and discrimination at the local level.
More Minnesotans living in urban areas have considered moving to rural Minnesota, 2019 findings indicate, while rural Minnesotans are staying put. Only 14 percent of rural Minnesotans have considered moving to a larger metropolitan area in the past two years, down six percentage points from 2016. Citing quality of life as the main motivating factor, 27 percent of those in urban areas say they have considered moving to a less-populated, rural area in the past two years, up from 21 percent in 2016.
Unrelated to geography, two groups whose opinions grew in strength are women and younger residents. Rural women are less likely to feel the economy has improved and are far more concerned that there are inadequate job opportunities and childcare. Feeling stronger about the importance of many aspects of local life, residents ages 18 to 34 who have not yet served are much more likely to be interested in leadership opportunities.
Strategic research firm, Russell Herder, surveyed and analyzed a total of 1,068 rural Minnesotans for the 2019 Rural Pulse. Findings were compared to a parallel survey of urban residents. For purposes of this study, urban is defined as the Twin Cities seven-county metropolitan area, plus Duluth, Mankato, Moorhead, Rochester and St. Cloud.
The West Central region is defined as the following counties: Becker, Clay, Douglas, Grant, Otter Tail, Pope, Stevens, Traverse and Wilkin.
Based in Grand Rapids, the Blandin Foundation is the largest rural-based private foundation in Minnesota and one of only a few in the U.S. focused exclusively upon rural communities. To learn more about this research study, visit www.RuralPulse.org.


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Q: Changing HTML elements from Drop Down List value using Javascript DOM Manipulation Firstly, I'm very new to Javascript, so I'm sorry if this is an easy question.
My goal is to display the result of my switch statement in the  tag. For now, I'm just trying to console.log it, but I can't seem to get it to work. My difficulty seems to be in storing the value from the drop down list in a variable that I can use in my switch statement. Here is what I've tried:

var behaviour = document.getElementById("behaviour");
var kentsBehaviour = behaviour.value;

console.log(kentsBehaviour)

//var h3 = document.getElementsByTagName("h3");

function kentsReward (kentsBehaviour) {
  var prize;

  switch (kentsBehaviour) {
    case "Really good":
      prize = "You get foot rubs!";
      break;

    case "Good":
      prize = "You get an Oreo";
      break;

    case "Medium":
      prize = "You get bread";
      break;

    case "Not so good":
      prize = "You don't get anything";
      break;

    case "Greer":
      prize = "You get pinches";
      break;

    default:
      return "Tell me how you behaved today";
  }

  console.log( prize);
}
<!DOCTYPE html>

  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
  <title>Kent's Rewards</title>

Please select your behaviour for today:

  <select name="behaviour" id="behaviour" onChange="kentsReward()">
    <option value="default">Select your behaviour</option>
    <option value="Really good">Really good</option>
    <option value="Good">Good</option>
    <option value="Medium">Medium</option>
    <option value="Not so good">Not so good</option>
    <option value="Bad">Bad</option>
    <option value="Greer">Greer</option>
  </select>

Your reward is:

A: Since you defined kentsReward(*parameter*) that takes a parameter. You not passing anything when it called at select tag.Try to pass current value of select field like <select name="behaviour" id="behaviour" onChange="kentsReward(this.value)">


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Nicole Freda Stoffman (born March 16, 1972) is a Canadian actress and musician. She is best known for her role as Stephanie Kaye on the television series Degrassi Junior High.

Life and career
Stoffman was born in Toronto, Ontario, the daughter of Judy, an arts journalist, and Daniel Stoffman, an author. She began studying ballet and musical theatre when she was 6 years old.

She is best known for her role as Stephanie Kaye on the television series Degrassi Junior High. She was nominated for a Gemini Award for her portrayal of Stephanie on Degrassi, which she left after two seasons (1986–1988). She appeared in the CTV television series Learning the Ropes in 1988–1989. Her movie credits include The Club (1994), Anchor Zone (1994), and Bram Stoker's Shadowbuilder (1998).

After graduating from Jarvis Collegiate Institute in 1993, she attended McGill University and on and off in film studies at York University. After completing her film degree, she embarked on political studies at the University of Toronto.

Stoffman performed with Jeff Healey's Jazz Wizards as a singer, before forming her own group, Le Jazz Bohème, who performed at several Canadian jazz festivals.  In 2011, she worked as a tour guide at the Library of Parliament of Canada.

References

External links

1973 births
Living people
Canadian television actresses
Canadian child actresses
Canadian film actresses
Actresses from Toronto
Musicians from Toronto
York University alumni


Excellent end terrace property located on Dunluce Avenue off the popular Lisburn Road.
Five well presented and proportioned bedrooms (All with sink units as per HMO specification).
Modern fitted kitchen with an array of appliances to include washing machine and two fridge-freezers.
Open plan kitchen to dining area to cosy lounge.
Can facilitate 4 bedrooms and 2 reception rooms or five bedrooms (Ground floor bedroom can be converted to extra lounge if required).
Shower room with electric shower unit and separate W/C.
Property available from 01 September 2018.
This substantial end terrace property is situated just off the popular Lisburn road, making it an ideal choice for an array of tenants. Ideally located within minutes from a host of amenities including shopping, restaurants, transport links to the City Centre and indeed access to Queen's University is also within walking distance. The property is well presented throughout and comprises five double bedrooms, modern kitchen open plan to dining area and living room. The property is further complimented by gas fired central heating, double glazing and also has a valid HMO certificate. This is an ideal property for young professionals or students alike.
I am interested in 157 Dunluce Avenue, Belfast. Please contact me about this property.


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Q: Warning: call_user_func_array() expects parameter 1 to be a valid callback I create a new wordpress without theme and with only one plugin: GDPR WP. (I want to try this plugin on empty wordpress before deploy it on other website).
So, on a first time i try to create function to accept or not GoogleAnalytics cookie. My function work fine but i have on error on the BO/FO:
Warning: call_user_func_array() expects parameter 1 to be a valid callback, function 'cookie_GA' not found or invalid function name in C:\wamp64\www\wordpress\wp-includes\class-wp-hook.php on line 286
This is my function:
add_action( 'init', 'cookie_GA' );

if (is_allowed_cookie('_ga')) {
    function cookie_GA() { ?>

        <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-91484621-2"></script>
        <script>
          window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
          function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
          gtag('js', new Date());

          gtag('config', 'UA-91484621-2');
        </script>

        <?php
    };
};

Thanks for your help.

A: The warning is clear:

Warning: call_user_func_array() expects parameter 1 to be a valid callback, function 'cookie_GA' not found or invalid function name in C:\wamp64\www\wordpress\wp-includes\class-wp-hook.php on line 286

So cookie_GA() is not found. When can this be the case? Well, of course when is_allowed_cookie('_ga') is false. So either wrap the add_action() call inside that if as well or create a dummy function.
if (is_allowed_cookie('_ga')) {
    add_action( 'init', 'cookie_GA' );
    function cookie_GA() {  /* your code */ }
}


The Risks of Hazard would like to copy most other blogs and news outlets by concluding the year with a "Best of" edition. Below are the 10 blog posts that not only had the highest readerships, but had the most comments, caused the biggest stir, and resounded most with thought leaders.
10. How to Underwrite "Challenging" Flood was a post we wrote based on a Lloyd's of London/JBA report on the flood risk in California's Central Valley. We described how underwriters could successfully underwrite flood in the region, which was clearly something many readers wanted to know.
9. Problem: Underwriting with Accumulation Software made a statement that has since resonated loudly with many of the underwriters we talk to: they've been asked (for years) to underwrite with software not built for underwriting. It has been quite a realization.
8. Are you a goldfish underwriter? was a discussion about the difference between underwriting based on a location-specific risk assessment versus available capacity around a location. It is very much related to #9 above – "goldfish underwriters" use accumulation software for underwriting.
7. On Elephants and Blind Underwriting is on this list because it's the best name ever for a blog post. And hundreds of people read it and shared it.
6.Not Just Private Flood – Universal Flood was based on an opinion piece in the Tampa Bay Times calling for universal flood coverage. We at the Risks of Hazard advocate for universal flood, and to hear a "mainstream" media voice join the conversation was very cool.
5. Flooding in Houston - Where, not When was another description of how underwriters can better focus on underwriting instead of being led astray by other types of software at their disposal. The thrust of "Where, not When" is changing risk assessment from the chance of flooding happening in the coming year to assuming flooding will happen in the coming year and determining which properties are more or less likely to be damaged when it does. This has resonated with some very experienced underwriters and they are now using this approach.
4. News Flash: Flood Losses Occur Beyond Flood Zones blog readership tip #1: Choose a title that is slightly controversial yet obvious.
3. Who Said Analytics Are So Smart? was the surprise hit of the year for the blog. Describing the shortcomings of innovation and analytics was something a LOT of people wanted to read about, and it's not discussed much, I guess.
2. Are Coastal FIRMs Useless for Underwriting? was the blog post that got me on NPR. And, it has a title that seems more risqué than it really is.
1. Cat Modeler's Guide to the Protection Gap is the top of our list for 2016 because it had more readers than any other post, more comments, and more comments by famous people. The Protection Gap needs to remain front and center for insurers and their software providers because it offers a path to financial success for the industry while delivering tangible benefit to society. It is a classic win-win situation that is grossly underserved right now. Our blog hopes to help fill that gap in 2017 and beyond.
Happy holidays from the entire team here at Risks of Hazard! Catch you in January.