text:
« "'Just Say Yes': the Romanticisation of Love in Sex and the City" by Beatriz Oria
Review: The Hollywood Romantic Comedy: Conventions, History and Controversies, by Leger Grindon »
"Love in the Stacks: Popular Romance Collection Development in Academic Libraries" by Crystal Goldman
Abstract: This article begins to define the core collection of Popular Romance Studies, and discusses the likelihood of academic libraries allocating monetary funds for collecting in this discipline when universities do not have a major program to support in the area. An analysis of Library Science literature shows the justifications librarians use for why they do or do not collect popular culture materials, such as romance novels and films. Multiple arguments are presented for how popular romance should be classified within collections when libraries acquire material in this field. Finally, recommendations are made regarding how best to assure ongoing access to resources that are valuable to this discipline.
About the Author: Crystal Goldman is an academic librarian at San Jose State University in California. She is the head of the SJSU ScholarWorks institutional repository and also serves as the library liaison to the departments of Communication Studies, Political Science and Public Administration. Her research interests in the area of library science include instruction, reference, collection development, digital repositories, and the concept of "library as place." She has presented on multiple popular romance topics, including the rise of the erotic romance genre, the effects of market trends on authors' careers, the influence of online romance writer forums, and popular romance collection development.
Keywords:Academic Libraries, Collection Development, Core Collection, popular culture, Popular Romance Collections, Romantic Fiction Collections
As the field of Popular Romance Studies grows, greater emphasis needs to be placed on how and where popular romance scholars gain access to research materials, specifically in regard to academic libraries. While there is a growing amount of information available freely on the internet, relying solely on web-based sources can leave gaps in research. Libraries provide access not only to proprietary subscription journals, databases, and books, but also to rare and fragile primary source material in their special collections.
Some attention has been given to the collection of popular romance1 works in public libraries in the United States (Adkins et al.), but very little has been documented on the collection development practices of university libraries, which facilitate access to primary and secondary sources for popular romance studies. Unlike the U.S., Australia remains a forerunner in popular romance collection development. In 1997, Juliet Flesch wrote about the University of Melbourne's Australiana collection beginning to include romance novels written by Australian and New Zealand authors, although they do not seek a comprehensive but rather a representative collection (Flesch 120-121). However, this is vastly more than can be said for academic libraries anywhere else in the world.
Most university libraries actively purchase resources that support departments on their campus—with shrinking acquisitions budgets, this is often all that libraries can afford to collect. Despite Nora Roberts' donation to McDaniel College to establish a minor program, Popular Romance Studies has yet to gain a toehold as a major department on any university campus in the United States, which means that collections in this area tend to be haphazard, at best ("Nora Roberts Foundation"). In addition, the cross-disciplinary nature of this field makes purchasing new sources difficult for librarians who serve as liaisons to specific academic disciplines and have only the power to buy materials for their assigned departments. Library special collections may collect popular romance materials, despite the lack of a major department on campus; however, this is often dependent on donations rather than a commitment of funds toward a comprehensive collection (Sewell 459; Flesch 121).
With no cohesive vision for which items to collect and little justification for fiscally supporting popular romance studies material, vital monographs, papers, and articles are not being preserved by libraries for future researchers' use and may, indeed, be lost from record entirely. The question of how to assure ongoing access to resources that are valuable to this field is one that must be acknowledged and addressed as soon as possible.
Defining Library Collections
There are multiple models for who is responsible for collection development in university libraries. The most common model is that each librarian specializes in different academic disciplines and serves as the liaison to that department or set of departments. What this means is that those who are liaison librarians are responsible for all library instruction, reference consultations, and collection development for their assigned departments. Note that with each librarian tied to major departments, collection development becomes problematic for areas such as Popular Romance Studies, which is not a major or minor available at most universities. An exception to this model are librarians who work in special collections, which focus on collecting and preserving rare and valuable items for future researchers, whereas subject liaison librarians typically collect for their library's general collection.
Collection development may be carried out by different librarians, depending on the practices, policies, and organizational model each library employs; however, the process and goals remain essentially the same.
Collection development is a term representing the process of systematically building library collections to serve study, teaching, research, recreational, and other needs of library users. The process includes selection and deselection of current and retrospective materials, planning of coherent strategies for continuing acquisition, and evaluation of collections to ascertain how well they serve user needs. (Gabriel 3)
The strategies involved in planning for continuing acquisition of library materials must inevitably touch on the deep budget cuts most U.S. universities and their libraries have faced in the last decade. What libraries can afford to spend money on has become increasingly narrow. In the course of collection development, librarians have to ask themselves what the library cannot do without—what make up the core works in each area—so that the library has the essentials for students and faculty to use for their research. The fundamental principle of a core collection is that "certain books and films are standard classic titles that are at the very heart of a library's collection and form the foundation upon which a library's collection is built" (Alabaster vii).
However, what has also become an issue in the field of Library and Information Science is the very definition of a collection. While collection development for librarians is a "process of dealing with the collections they acquire, maintain, and evaluate. These three areas of collection development have undergone extensive technological expansion in the past few years and this has lead to a conflict with the more transitory nature of genre literature" (Futas 39). What we see is that collections have been traditionally defined by four criteria: ownership, tangibility, a distinct user community, and an integrated retrieval system (Lee 1106). The proliferation of freely available information online, combined with users from across the globe entering the library through search engines such as Google Scholar, instead of patrons from the home institution finding library sources through the traditional catalog, makes it difficult for librarians to define which users they are serving primarily and how best to facilitate that service so users find the most relevant sources. Compounding that issue are the many electronic refereed journals that are open access, such as the Journal of Popular Romance Studies. It is online and available to anyone to view, so can every library consider it part of their collection, or can none of them? It is not tangible and the library will never own a physical copy to keep on their shelves, so the question becomes as nebulous as trying to define a collection.
Moreover, the research status of a library—very high research activity, high research activity, etc—is partially determined by counting the volumes available in the library, meaning ownership plays an important role in this determination. Unfortunately, this is not an accurate representation of how patrons use the library. Circulation statistics for books and other physical items are going down, and use of online sources such as article databases and ebooks is skyrocketing. However, this kind of content is neither tangible nor owned. In many cases, it is leased, licensed, or rented, but it is not owned as part of a library collection, and if a library gives up a subscription, the back files often go with the subscription, unlike a print journal where the older volumes would still belong to the library.
Without the constraints of the traditional criteria, the best definition for a collection is that it is an "accumulation of information resources developed by information professionals intended for a user community or a set of communities" (Lee 1106). How one defines the community or communities one serves is a matter decided by the administration of each library or university.
Who Should Collect Popular Romance?
With shrinking budgets, librarians must decide what is essential to their collections and spend what monies they have on those items. The audience or community most academic librarians serve is the faculty and students of their home institution. With that in mind, the first priority has to be to buy for the departments on campus. So far, only McDaniel College has a department on campus with a popular romance minor, and thus a mandate to purchase materials in that area. There are other universities who collect popular romance as part of a larger popular culture collection or in their special collections, but those collections are, by definition, special and not always accessible to those who use the general collection. Furthermore, libraries may acquire romance as a subset of the general collection, specifically geared toward leisure reading for students and faculty rather than as material used for scholarly study (Dewan; Heish and Runner).
There are those librarians who advocate for buying best-sellers such as romance novels for research purposes in academic libraries because these works are a reflection of our culture and, if we do not collect and preserve them now, these materials may be lost forever (Sewell 450; Crawford and Harries 216; Moran 6; Hallyburton, Buchanan, and Carstens 109). A study conducted by Justine Alsop confirms that collecting contemporary popular fiction as part of the library's general research collection has found increasing acceptance among English literature librarians (584), but this movement has a long way to go before it receives the mass acceptance needed for popular romance to be a significant part of academic library collections.
Several factors play into why popular romance may not be collected by university libraries. For example, librarians have variously claimed that popular culture materials: do not relate to their institutional mission, are delivered by public libraries, garner only transitory interest from patrons, place too high a demand on limited budgets, shelf space, and staff time, and are often printed in paperback format, which is a preservation nightmare (Sewell 453, 459; Van Fleet 71; Alsop 581-582; Hsieh and Runner 192-193; Odess-Harnish 56; Hallyburton, Buchanan, and Carstens 109).
Mass-market paperbacks are often printed on acidic paper that becomes yellow, brittle, and unusable over time. The options available for preserving these works, such as performing a deacidification process on the paper or reformatting the books by microfilming or digitizing, are all quite costly, especially considering the volume of romance novels printed per year. Pillete (2003) estimates that the cost for microfilming one book is $125 U.S. dollars, digitizing is $50 U.S. dollars per book, and neither of these methods does anything to preserve the original work. Deacidification, even if done in mass quantities, could still be as much as $16 U.S. dollars per average volume (Pillete 1-5). One might think that ebooks would be a viable solution, considering they are in their native digital format and solve many preservation and space-saving concerns; however, many older romance titles are not yet available in ebook format and the licensing agreements for ebooks with libraries can become a barrier to access, especially since there is no possibility of checking out an item to a researcher who is not a patron of the library that has licensed the ebook, as in the case of interlibrary loan.
Another reason for lack of collection in this area is that liaison librarians tend to depend on review sources to help make collection development decisions. Popular romance is not generally covered by standard review sources, and it becomes a self-perpetuating cycle. Review sources claim there are too many romance novels to possibly begin to review them all, and there is not enough space to deal with them on the pages of the review issues (Fialkoff 118). Consequently, librarians claim there is not enough space to handle romance novels in the stacks of the library, especially when librarians must ask themselves if this is the best use of the space they have. Is this what researchers are going to need or use the most? Is it the best way to spend a limited library budget, especially if they cannot even get reviews of these books in their normal sources to indicate the quality of the work?
This could be seen as a string of excuses, or prejudice against popular culture materials, or prejudice against popular romance, specifically. There has been an ongoing resistance to collecting popular materials in academic libraries, with these items viewed as a "disposable culture" not worthy of preserving (Hoppenstand 236), and libraries are slow to change to a new way of collecting (Sewell 453; Odess-Harnish 56). However, beyond any prejudice is the reality of romance publishing. According to the most recent statistics from the Romance Writers of America, romance makes up 13.2% of the consumer market and produces over 9,000 books per year (RWA, "Romance Literature Statistics: Industry Statistics"). Not only would collecting all of these works take up a lot of shelf space, but it would also require a library to invest a not insignificant amount of money into purchasing the books, and also preserving them. It is perhaps for this reason that even libraries that do collect popular romance materials often rely heavily, if not exclusively, on donations to grow their collections (Sewell 459; Flesch 121; Adkins et al. 63).
Where Should Popular Romance Materials be Shelved?
Despite the budgetary and spatial constraints, there are libraries that have impressive collections of popular culture materials, which may include popular romance. If a library acquires popular romance, a decision must then be made about where these materials should be housed within the library's collections. The two usual options are a special collection, which can mean the main special collection of a library or a smaller subset, such as a popular culture special collection; or the general collection, which may indicate the library's main stacks or a subset called a "browsing collection" or "leisure reading collection." There are clear benefits and drawbacks to both special and general collections. The benefit of a special collection is that special collections librarians actively work to preserve their materials, and the drawback is that sometimes their finding aids may describe their collections, but not the individual items in that collection. If a patron is looking for a specific book, finding out if the library owns it can become an issue. Conversely, general collections usually provide full cataloguing for materials, but there is less concern for preservation. Any patron can check these materials out, not just researchers, and if these books are lost or damaged, they may not always be replaced.
Even within the main stacks of the general collections, it is often unclear where popular romance material will be shelved. The field of Popular Romance Studies is cross-disciplinary, as noted on the International Association for the Study of Popular Romance's (IASPR) and the Journal of Popular Romance Studies' (JPRS) websites. IASPR's Mission page claims that the organization is "dedicated to fostering and promoting the scholarly exploration of all popular representations of romantic love," and the JPRS's About page adds that these representations may be in "popular media, now and in the past, from anywhere in the world." This is an undeniably, and deliberately, broad definition for the field. The JPRS About page goes on to elaborates that
we welcome [ . . . ] contributions from all relevant disciplines, including African American / Black Diaspora Studies, Art, Communications, Comparative Literature, Cultural Studies, Education, English, Film Studies, History, LGBTQ Studies, Marketing, Philosophy, Psychology, Religious Studies, Sociology, Women's and Gender Studies.
There is nothing wrong with a field having a broad scope, especially when the journal publishing these resources is online. However, libraries are physical buildings that are "highly organized systems which provide information which is, by and large, contained in print materials [ . . . ] that can be only in one place at a time" (Searing 7). Cataloguing materials for the general collection of most academic libraries in the United States involves using the subject headings from the Library of Congress Classification system. While multiple subject headings can be assigned to each work, only one can be primary, which then indicates where an item will be shelved. A small sampling of subject headings assigned to scholarly monographs in Popular Romance Studies include
Love stories — Appreciation.
Love stories, American — History and criticism.
Love stories, English — History and criticism.
American fiction — 20th century — History and criticism.
Authors and readers — United States.
Sex role in literature.
Popular literature — History and criticism.
Popular literature — English-speaking countries — History and criticism.
Women and literature — Australia — History — 20th century.
Women — Books and reading — United States.
Therefore, as with all interdisciplinary fields, even if a library does acquire popular romance, the materials will be scattered throughout the general collection, unless it is placed together in a special collection. There is no uniform approach to handling popular culture materials in academic libraries. How each library chooses to handle this issue is individual to the library and the group of librarians entrusted with managing the collection.
Popular Romance Scholarship Core Collection
While "academic libraries may collect mainstream fiction, it is more often the case that works about a particular author or novel [or film] will be included in the collection, while the specific works (primary sources) are unavailable except through interlibrary loan or a visit to a local public library" (Van Fleet 66). If this is the case, one might ask how likely it is for academic libraries to collect these secondary sources when they do not have a popular romance major or minor program? Secondary sources can also be primary sources, but for the sake of simplicity, this article is going to label secondary sources as those which analyze or examine popular romance for a scholarly audience.
Van Fleet's statement again raises the issue of the need for a core collection. Which works define the absolute minimum that would be required to say a library had a core collection of romance scholarship? If popular romance scholars cannot define this, it will be difficult for a library unversed in popular romance to do so either. To begin the process of defining a core collection, and to find out how likely it is for those core works to be collected by academic libraries, this article will borrow from a list complied by Pamela Regis and posted on the RomanceScholar Listserv (see Appendix A). Also, the author of this article received a $1,000 U.S. New Faculty Fund to buy monographs for the library collection when hired in 2009 at San Jose State University in California. This fund was used to purchase popular romance scholarship, and a list of those purchases was compared to Pamela Regis's list. The two lists compiled many of the same works, with the exception of approximately 10 titles (see Appendix B). Combined, these lists make up a rough estimate of the core collection in this area, which added up to 45 titles in total.
To gain an understanding of how likely it is for universities to collect popular romance scholarship, this article examines the two public university systems in California as a case study.
The California State University (CSU) system has 23 campuses, a full time undergraduate enrollment of almost 350,000 students, and an additional 49,000 graduate students. The CSUs are teaching institutions that offer Bachelors and Masters degrees. A few CSUs offer joint or gateway doctoral degrees and several campuses are in the process of opening doctoral programs in education, physical therapy, and nursing, but these programs are the exception rather than the rule ("CSU Term Enrollment Summary – Fall 2010"; "CSU Historic Milestones").
The second system is the University of California (UC), which has 10 campuses with a full time undergraduate enrollment of approximately 180,000, and a graduate enrollment of 45,000. The percentage of graduate enrollment is much higher in this system because these are research institutions, offering doctoral studies for many of their major departments ("UC Statistical Summary of Students and Staff – Fall 2010"). It would seem logical that the UC campuses would have more romance scholarship in their collections because they have more money to spend on research materials, but with no major departments in the area, it did not seem likely that many of the core list items would appear in their collections.
In addition to examining the collections of California's public university systems, this study also took an initial look at how many libraries worldwide owned the popular romance core works. This was accomplished by searching for each title in WorldCat, the largest catalog in the world, which indexes the holdings of about 72,000 libraries in 170 countries ("WorldCat Facts and Statistics"). All of the CSU and UC libraries are represented in WorldCat, so there was some cross over in the results.
For the UC libraries, a search for each popular romance core title was conducted in Melvyl, the union catalog for the UC system, which lists the holding for each edition and format of the volumes in those libraries. The union catalog for the CSU libraries was also searched for each title. It is important to note that this study was not weighted toward any specific edition or format. If a library held a first edition in hardcover in their collections, it would be counted equally with a library that held a third edition in ebook format, for example.
Fig. 1 displays the results for the search of the CSU libraries. Only one campus had none of the books on the list, but it was the California Maritime Academy, which focuses on educating those who want to join the merchant marines. The CSUs at Channel Islands and Monterey Bay are both the smallest and newest campuses, which would attribute to a smaller collection overall and thus lower numbers in this study ("CSU Term Enrollment Summary – Fall 2010"; "CSU Historic Milestones").
Fig. 1 Number of core popular romance titles held by each CSU library.
The results for the UC institutions are displayed in Fig. 2. Again, the newest and smallest campus at UC Merced returned low numbers, as well as UC San Francisco, which focuses heavily on medicine and the hard sciences and thus would be less likely to collect in an area such as Popular Romance Studies, which, despite its interdisciplinary nature, is still weighted toward social science and humanities disciplines.
Fig. 2 Number of core popular romance titles held by each UC library.
Overall, the CSU average was 17.4 of the 45 popular romance core titles, and the UC average was 28.5 titles. The highest collectors in the CSUs were San Jose with 34 titles, which can be attributed to the selections made with the author's New Faculty Fund, Fresno with 29 titles, and a tie between East Bay and San Bernadino, each with 28 titles. There are two librarians at East Bay who have most likely contributed to the high number of core titles there. Doug Highsmith, who has published several times on the importance of collecting popular culture materials, and Kristin Ramsdell, who co-wrote an article called "Core Collections in Genre Studies: Romance Fiction 101" (Wyatt et al.). It is unclear, however, why San Bernadino or Frenso would rank above the other CSUs in this area.
The top three UC libraries were Berkeley with 39 of the core titles, and Davis and Irvine, each with 36 of the titles. Other than the fact that these are some of the largest UC campuses, there is no clear reason why they collected more popular romance scholarship than the other UCs. A key question is whether librarians specifically selected these titles for acquisition, or if they came into the library's collections via an approval plan.
Many libraries do not make all of their acquisitions decisions. Instead, they subscribe to an approval plan through a book vendor, which sends a selection of books based on a profile of the library's patrons. These approval plans can save libraries money both in staff time as well as through discounts from the vendors. However, the vendors often overlook smaller publishers in their approval plans; therefore, librarians need to fill in those gaps with individual title selection. If the popular romance titles became part of the library's collections through an approval plan, it is possible the librarians, faculty, and staff on that campus had very little or nothing to do with those acquisitions. If they were individually selected titles, one has to wonder which librarian supported popular romance studies, or which major department she was gearing the selection toward. There are many questions still unanswered, and further research needs to be conducted in this area.
Regardless of how or why the titles became part of library collections, they are still available to the faculty and students of those campuses for research. Of the titles on the core list, which were the most likely to be collected, for whatever reason? This is a broader question than the CSU and UC systems, so it was important to include results from WorldCat as well. Fig. 3 shows the top five titles collected by libraries indexed in WorldCat. There are columns comparing how many UC or CSU libraries also collected these same titles. In WorldCat, Germaine Greer's work was the most collected and was held in over 3,000 libraries. In the top five, Greer was followed by Janice Radway, John Cawelti, Northrop Frye, and Tania Modleski.
Fig. 3 Popular romance core titles held by the greatest number of libraries in WorldCat.
For the CSUs, we see the same titles, but in a slightly different order, with Frye jumping up from fourth to third. Cawelti, Modleski, and Leslie W. Rabine were in a three-way tie for the final spot. These numbers and their comparative UC and WorldCat rankings are displayed in Fig. 4.
Fig. 4 Popular romance core titles held by the greatest number of CSU libraries.
In the UC results displayed in Fig. 5, a few other titles rose to the top. Greer tied with Lynn Neal and Lynn Pearce as the most collected works in the UC system.
Fig. 5 Popular romance core titles held by the greatest number of UC libraries.
Interestingly, there were sixteen titles held by eight of the ten UC campuses, lending some credence to the idea that research universities are, on the whole, more likely to collect popular romance scholarship, despite the lack of a Popular Romance Studies program.
Fig. 6 Sixteen popular romance core titles held by eight UC libraries.
None of the UC or CSU libraries had a complete collection of the core list; however, only one title was not collected at all, and that was Beyond Heaving Bosoms: The Smart Bitches' Guide to Romance Novels by Sarah Wendell and Candy Tan. One might speculate that this book would be considered the least "academic" of the works listed, and was thus overlooked by academic librarians and not included in approval plans for these university libraries.
There are several recommendations for popular romance scholars that can be given based on the information presented in this article. The first is that, if popular romance scholars want libraries to collect their core list of titles, especially with the vast amount of primary source material produced each year, they need to have a list of core titles. Librarians rely on review sources to help them choose which titles to select, and the review sources neglect popular romance materials. To fill this gap, it is recommended that IASPR put together a committee to compile a true core list of primary and secondary titles for popular romance studies. This list would need to be updated annually to include new titles.
As demonstrated by the comparison of research institutions, the UCs; and teaching intuitions, the CSUs; it is much more likely for research institutions to have the fiscal ability to collect new materials. Therefore, it would seem the best way to have an academic library dedicate the funds towards collecting popular romance materials would be to have a university—preferably a research level, doctoral granting institution—with a major department for Popular Romance Studies. How likely or how soon that is to happen is unknown, but it is a goal romance scholars should continue to strive for.
While it is possible for an academic library to collect every scholarly work on the popular romance core list, it would be an overwhelming expense for any one library to acquire a comprehensive collection of every primary source in popular romance studies. Therefore, a final recommendation would be to identify several libraries interested in collecting in this area and focus on a coordinated collection development effort at a national, regional, or consortial level in order to spread the cost and ensure a broader coverage of materials. In this way, romance scholars can ensure every primary and secondary core title is held and preserved by at least one library, and that there is no danger of losing valuable research materials forever, which, in the case of romance novels printed on acidic paper, becomes ever more likely with each year that passes.
"About." JPRS.org. Journal of Popular Romance Studies, n.d. Web. 14 June 2011. <http://jprstudies.org/about>
"About the Romance Genre." RWA.org. Romance Writers of America, 2012. Web. 11 June 2012. <http://www.rwa.org/cs/the_romance_genre>
Adkins, Denise, Linda Esser, Diane Velasquez, and Heather L. Hill. "Romance Novels in American Public Libraries: A Study of Collection Development Practices." Library Collections, Acquisitions, and Technical Services 32.2 (2008): 59-67. Science Direct. Web. 18 Sept. 2010.
Alabaster, Carol. Developing an Outstanding Core Collection. 2nd ed. Chicago: American Library Association, 2010. Print.
Bowring, Joanna. "And then he kissed her. . . " Library & Information Update 7.6 (2008): 35-37. Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts with Full Text. EBSCO. Web. 28 May 2011.
Crawford, Gregory A., and Matthew Harris. "Best-sellers in Academic Libraries." College & Research Libraries 62.3 (2001): 216-225. WilsonWeb. Web. 26 May 2011
"CSU Historic Milestones." Public Affairs. CalState.edu. The California State University, 2011. Web. 25 July 2011. <http://www.calstate.edu/PA/info/milestones.shtml>
"CSU Term Enrollment Summary – Fall 2010." Analytic Studies Statistical Reports. CalState.edu. The California State University, 2011. Web. 21 May 2011. <http://www.calstate.edu/as/stat_reports/2010-2011/f10_01.htm>
Dewan, Pauline. "Why Your Academic Library Needs a Popular Reading Collection Now More Than Ever." College & Undergraduate Libraries 17.1 (2010): 44-64. Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts with Full Text. EBSCO. Web. 28 May 2011.
Fialkoff, Francine. "Romancing the Patron." Library Journal 117.21 (1992): 118. Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts with Full Text. Web. 28 May 2011.
Flesch, Juliet. "Not Just Housewives and Old Maids." Collection Building 16.3 (1997): 119-124. Emerald Managment Xtra. Web. 23 February 2011.
Gabriel, Michael R. Collection Development and Evaluation: A Sourcebook. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow, 1995. Print.
Hallyburton, Ann W., Heidi E. Buchanan, and Timothy V. Carstens. "Serving the Whole Person: Popular Materials in Academic Libraries." Collection Building 30.2 (2011): 109-112. Emerald. Web. 5 April 2011.
Hsieh, Cynthia, and Rhonelle Runner. "Textbooks, Leisure Reading, and the Academic Library. Library Collections, Acquisitions, and Technical Services 29.2 (2005): 192-204. Science Direct. Web. 28 April 2011.
Hoppenstand, Gary. "Editorial: Collecting Popular Culture." Journal of Popular Culture 38.2 (2004): 235-238. Academic Search Premier. Web. 7 July 2011.
Johnson, Peggy. Fundamentals of Collection Development and Management. Chicago: American Library Association, 2004. Print.
Lee, Hur-Li. "What is a collection?" Journal of the American Society for Information Science 51 (2000): 1106-1113. Wiley. Web. 26 May 2011.
"Mission." IASPR.org. International Association for the Study of Popular Romance, n.d. Web. 14 June 2011. <http://iaspr.org/about/mission>
Moran, Barbara B. "Going Against the Grain: A Rationale for the Collection of Popular Materials in Academic Libraries." Popular Culture and Acquisitions. Ed. Allen Ellis. New York: Hawthorn, 1992. Print.
"Nora Roberts Foundation Gives McDaniel $100,000 for Research, Course Development." McDaniel.edu. McDaniel College News & Events, 1 June 2011. Web. 2 June 2011. < http://www.mcdaniel.edu/11662.htm>
Odess-Harnish, Kerri. "Making Sense of Leased Popular Literature Collections." Collection Management 27.2 (2002): 55-74. InformaWorld. Web. 7 July 2011.
Overcash, Gina R. "An Unsuitable Job for a Librarian? Collection Development of Mystery and Detective Fiction in Academic Libraries." The Acquisitions Librarian 4.8 (1993): 69-89. InformaWorld. Web. 28 April 2011.
Pillete, Roberta. "Mass Deacidification: A Preservation Option for Libraries." World Library and Information Congress: 69th IFLA General Conference and Council. 1-9 August 2003, Berlin, Germany. Web. 7 July 2011. < http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla69/papers/030e-Pilette.pdf >
Regis, Pamela. "Canonical Works in Romance Studies." RomanceScholar Listserv Online Posting. RomanceScholar, 17 May 2011. Web. 18 May 2011.
"Romance Genres." RomanceAustralia.com. Romance Writers of Australia, 2012. Web. 11 June 2012. <http://www.romanceaustralia.com/romgenres.html>
"Romance Literature Statistics: Industry Statistics." RWA.org. Romance Writers of America, 2009. Web. 6 June 2011. <http://www.rwa.org/cs/the_romance_genre/romance_literature_statistics/industry_statistics>
Searing, Susan E. "How Libraries Cope with Interdisciplinarity: The Case of Women's Studies." Issues in Integrative Studies 10 (1992): 7-25. Web. 12 May 2011.
Seeman, Corey. "Collecting and Managing Popular Culture Material." Collection Management 27:2 (2003): 3-21. InformaWorld. 28 April 2011. Print.
Sewell, Robert G. "Trash or Treasure? Pop Fiction in Academic and Research Libraries." College & Research Libraries 45:6 (1984): 450-461. Web. 12 May 2011.
"UC Statistical Summary of Students and Staff – Fall 2010." Statistical Summary and Data on UC Students, Faculty, and Staff. UCOP.edu. University of California Office of the President, 2011. Web. 21 May 2011. <http://www.ucop.edu/ucophome/uwnews/stat/statsum/fall2010/statsumm2010.pdf>
Van Fleet, Connie. "Popular Fiction Collections in Academic and Public Libraries." Acquisitions Librarian 15.29 (2003): 63-85. Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts with Full Text. EBSCO. Web. 28 May 2011.
"What is Romantic Fiction?" RNA-UK.org. Romantic Novelists Association, 2012. Web. 11 June 2012. <http://www.romanticnovelistsassociation.org/index.php/about/what_is_romantic_fiction>
"WorldCat Facts and Statistics." OCLC.org. Online Computer Library Center, 2011. Web. 23 May 2011. <http://www.oclc.org/ca/en/worldcat/statistics/default.htm>
Wyatt, Neal, Georgine Olson, Kristin Ramsdell, Joyce Saricks, and Lynne Welch. "Core Collections in Genre Studies: Romance Fiction 101." Reference & User Services Quarterly 47.2 (2007): 120-125. Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts with Full Text. EBSCO. Web. 18 Sept. 2010.
Anderson, Rachel. The Purple Heart-Throbs: The Sub-literature of Love. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1974.
Belsey, Catherine. Desire: Love Stories in Western Culture. Cambridge, Mass: Blackwell, 1994.
Betz, Phyllis M. Lesbian Romance Novels: A History and Critical Analysis. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2009.
Cadogan, Mary. And Then Their Hearts Stood Still: An Exuberant Look at Romantic Fiction Past and Present. London: McMillan, 1994.
Cawelti, John G. Adventure, Mystery, and Romance: Formula Stories as Art and Popular Culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1976.
Cohn, Jan. Romance and the Erotics of Property: Mass-Market Fiction for Women. Durham: Duke University Press, 1988.
Cranny-Francis, Anne. Feminist Fiction: Feminist Uses of Generic Fiction. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990.
Dixon, jay. The Romance Fiction of Mills & Boon, 1909-1990s. London: Routledge, 2003.
Flesch, Juliet. From Australia with Love: The History of Australian Popular Romance Novels. Fremantle, WA: Curtin University Books, 2004.
Fletcher, Lisa. Historical Romance Fiction: Heterosexuality and Performativity. Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2008.
Frenier, Mariam Darce. Good-bye Heathcliff: Changing Heroes, Heroines, Roles, and Values in Women's Category Romances. New York: Greenwood Press, 1988.
Frye, Northrop. The Secular Scripture: A Study of the Structure of Romance. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1976.
Goade, Sally, ed. Empowerment versus Oppression: Twenty First Century Views of Popular Romance Novels. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2007.
Greer, Germaine. The Female Eunuch. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1970.
Grescoe, Paul. The Merchants of Venus: Inside Harlequin and the Empire of Romance. Vancouver: Raincoast, 1996.
Kaler, Anne K. and Rosemary Johnson-Kurek, eds. Romantic Conventions. Bowling Green, OH: Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1999.
Krentz, Jane Ann, ed. Dangerous Men and Adventurous Women: Romance Writers and the Appeal of the Romance. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1992.
Mann, Peter H. A New Survey: The Facts About Romantic Fiction. London: Mills & Boon, 1974.
Mann, Peter H. The Romantic Novel: A Survey of Reading Habits. London: Mills & Boon, 1969.
McAleer, Joseph. Passion's Fortune: The Story of Mills and Boon. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Modleski, Tania. Loving with a Vengeance: Mass-Produced Fantasies for Women. Hamden, CN: Archon, 1982.
Jensen, Margaret Ann. Love's $weet Return: The Harlequin Story. Bowling Green, OH: Bowling State University Popular Press, 1984.
Mussell, Kay, ed. "Where's Love Gone?: Transformations in the Romance Genre." Paradoxa Vol. 3, No. 1-2. Vashon Island, WA: Delta Production, 1997.
Mussell, Kay. Fantasy and Reconciliation: Contemporary Formulas of Women's Romance Fiction. Westport, CN: Greenwood Press, 1984.
Neal, Lynn S. Romancing God. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2006.
Paizis, George. Love and the Novel: The Poetics and Politics of Romantic Fiction. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 1998.
Pearce, Lynne and Gina Wisker, eds. Fatal Attractions: Re-scripting Romance in Contemporary Literature and Film. London: Pluto Press, 1998.
Pearce, Lynne. Romance Writing. Cambridge: Polity, 2007.
Rabine, Leslie W. Reading the Romantic Heroine: Text, History, Ideology. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1985.
Radford, Jean, ed. The Progress of Romance: The Politics of Popular Fiction. New York: Routledge, 1986.
Radway, Janice A. Reading the Romance: Women, Patriarchy, and Popular Literature. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1984.
Regis, Pamela. A Natural History of the Romance Novel. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2003.
Ross, Deborah. The Excellence of Falsehood: Romance, Realism, and Women's Contribution to the Novel. Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1991.
Stacey, Jackie and Lynne Pearce, ed. Romance Revisited. New York: New York University Press, 1995.
Strehle, Susan and Mary Paniccia Carden, eds. Doubled Plots: Romance and History. Jackson: University of Mississippi Press, 2003.
Thurston, Carol. The Romance Revolution: Erotic Novels for Women and the Quest for a New Sexual Identity. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987.
Wendell, Sarah and Candy Tan. Beyond Heaving Bosoms: The Smart Bitches' Guide to Romance Novels. New York: Fireside/Simon & Schuster, 2009.
Byatt, Antonia. Passions of the Mind: Selected Writings. New York: Turtle Bay Books, 1992.
Carr, Helen, ed. From My Guy to Sci-fi: Genre and Women's Writing in the Postmodern World. London: Pandora Press, 1989.
Frantz, Sarah S.G., and Katharina Rennhak, eds. Women Constructing Men: Female Novelists and Their Male Characters, 1750-2000. Lanham: Lexington Books, 2010.
Hollows, Joanne. Feminism, Femininity, and Popular Culture. Manchester, U.K.: Manchester University Press, 2000.
McKnight-Trontz, Jennifer. The Look of Love: The Art of the Romance Novel. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 2002.
Salmon, Catherine, and Donald Symons. Warrior Lovers: Erotic Fiction, Evolution and Female Sexuality. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003.
Schurman, Lydia Cushman, and Deidre Johnson, eds. Scorned Literature: Essays on the History and Criticism of Popular Mass-produced Fiction in America. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2002.
Watson, Daphne. Their Own Worst Enemies: Women Writers of Women's Fiction. London: Pluto Press, 1994.
1 "Popular romance" can also be referred to as "romantic fiction," and either term can include works that do not have a happily-ever-after ending. Although novels are not the only medium for popular romance/romantic fiction, this article relies on definitions provided by romance author organizations such as the Romance Writers of America, the Romance Writers of Australia, and the UK's Romantic Novelists' Association for its definition of popular romance/romance fiction. While the Romantic Novelists' Association sidesteps a true definition, it does call for a love story within the scope of the work ("What is Romantic Fiction?"). Both of the other organizations' basic definition of romance includes works that have a central focus on a love story with an emotionally satisfying and optimistic ending ("About the Romance Genre"; "Romance Genres"). This article prefers the narrower parameters offered by America and Australia, but embraces the idea that popular romance/romantic fiction need not conclude with the traditional happily-ever-after.
author: Goldman, Crystal
bio: Crystal Goldman is an academic librarian at San Jose State University in California. She is the head of the SJSU ScholarWorks institutional repository and also serves as the library liaison to the departments of Communication Studies, Political Science and Public Administration. Her research interests in the area of library science include instruction, reference, collection development, digital repositories, and the concept of "library as place." She has presented on multiple popular romance topics, including the rise of the erotic romance genre, the effects of market trends on authors' careers, the influence of online romance writer forums, and popular romance collection development.
pdf: http://jprstudies.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/JPRS3.1_Goldman_LoveStacks.pdf
Posted in Articles, Issue 3.1 | Tags: Academic Libraries, Collection Development, Core Collection, popular culture, Popular Romance Collections, Romantic Fiction Collections


While Flour + Wine in Glen Ellyn only took over The Grotto's former space May 9, the spot has already won a huge following and operates with a smoothness not found in many well-established spots. A strong menu and laid-back atmosphere make it a perfect place for a night out.
Motif: The mellow décor features paper-shaded and orange glass lamps dangling over a mix of booths and tall wooden tables, which are topped by glass oil lamps. Large windows look out on the downtown area. A brick wall separates the dining room from the bar area, which features a large TV tuned to sports. Walls are lined with eclectic art, like framed metal flowers and wine bottles.
Crowd: Flour + Wine doesn't take reservations and regularly draws a line out the door, with couples and small groups coming for dinner and drinks. The restaurant is accommodating to families, offering a kids menu and Where's Waldo books to keep them busy during the wait. Dress is casual, so you'll spot guys in shorts and sandals alongside women in nice dresses.
Service: Our server was friendly, attentive and showed a great knowledge of the menu. We thought all of her recommendations were spot-on.
Food: Flour + Wine emphasizes fresh food made with organic ingredients, offering a menu that will change seasonally. The first part of its name comes from the fact that the restaurant uses flour imported from Italy. The chefs took special training to make their signature Neapolitan pizza. It's excellent, with a crust we found softer and chewier than typical wood-fired pies. We tried the wild mushroom pizza, which is covered in potent roasted garlic and a delicious blend of mozzarella and ricotta cheese.
The bruschetta is understandably one of their top sellers, and Flour + Wine serves a complex version of the dish that features crispy bread topped with a layer of fresh melted mozzarella, red and gold sliced grape tomatoes, big pieces of basil and flakes of parmesan cheese drizzled with a sweet balsamic vinaigrette. Carnivores will love the beef medallions — tender, cooked-to-order pieces of steak served with sliced fingerling potatoes and crisp Broccolini.
If you have a sweet tooth, order the Nutella calzone, a massive and steaming hot baked pastry stuffed with the gooey hazelnut spread and bananas and topped with chocolate syrup and powdered sugar. Try it with a scoop of vanilla gelato or, for something really different, the balsamic gelato that genuinely tastes like its namesake.
Liquid consumption: Not surprisingly, wine is the focus of Flour + Wine's drink menu, with a list of more than 40 options from around the world. If you're undecided, they'll offer tastes of whatever you want. Prices are reasonable, with glasses topping out at $12 and a solid pinot noir available for $5.
The bar also has an impressive draft list, written on a chalkboard in the bar, which features Bell's Oberon and Two Brothers' Ebel's Weiss and Cane and Ebel. A cocktail menu is in the works.
Parking: There's plenty of free parking a few blocks away in the downtown Glen Ellyn lot.
Overall: Flour + Wine offers a dining experience that would be notable even in Chicago, with an atmosphere that makes it a place you can regularly enjoy.


Species: Sericocarpus asteroides (L.)Britton et al.
Citation SERICOCARPUS ASTEROIDES (Linnaeus) Britton et al., Prelim. Cat. 26. 1888.
Basionym: Conyza asteroides Linnaeus 1753.
Type: Without data, Kalm s.n. (lectotype: LINN 993.10[two left specimens]). Lectotypified by Reveal et al., Huntia 7: 214. 1987.
Aster asteroides Aster asteroides (Linnaeus) MacMillan, Metasp. Minnesota Valley 524. 1 891, non (de Candolle) Kuntze 1891. BASIONYM: Conyza asteroides Linnaeus 1753.
Aster conyzoides Aster conyzoides Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 3: 2043. 1803, nom. illegit. BASIONYM: Conyza asteroides Linnaeus 1753.
Aster marilandicus Aster marilandicus Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 108. 1803, nom. illegit. BASIONYM: Conyza asteroides Linnaeus 1753.
Aster paternus Aster paternus Cronquist, Bull. Torrey Bot. Clu 74: 149. 947. BASIONYM: Conyza asteroides Linnaeus 1753.
Conyza asteroides Conyza asteroides Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 861. 1753. TYPE: Without data, Kalm s.n. (lectotype: LINN 993.10[two left specimens]). Lectotypified by Reveal et al., Huntia 7: 214. 1987.
Sericocarpus conyzoides Sericocarpus conyzoides Nees von Esenbeck, Gen. Sp. Aster. 150. 1832, nom. illegit. BASIONYM: Aster conyzoides Willdenow 1803, nom. illegit.; Conyza asteroides Linnaeus 1753.
Aster plantaginifolius Aster plantaginifolius (Nuttall) Nuttall ex Nees von Esenbeck, Gen. Sp. Aster. 299. 1832. BASIONYM: Aster conyzoides Willdenow, var. plantaginifolius Nuttall 1818.
Sericocarpus asteroides forma albopapposus Sericocarpus asteroides (Linnaeus) Britton et al., forma albopapposus Farwell, Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 1: 100. 1923. TYPE: MICHIGAN: Kalamazoo Co.: Galesburg, 31 Aug 1918, Farwell 5097a (holotype: MICH).
Sericocarpus asteroides forma roseus Sericocarpus asteroides (Linnaeus) Britton et al., form roseus Svenson, Rhodora 30: 136. 1928. TYPE: MASSACHUSETTS: Barnstable Co.: Falmouth, 1 Sep 1926, Svenson s.n. (holotype: GH).
USA Georgia 28 Jul 1931 P. O. Schallert s.n.
USA South Carolina Pickens Co. 08 Jun 1953 R. Kelly s.n.
USA Alabama Sumter Co. 18 Oct 1896 F. S. Earle s.n.


We have been making sure that disabled people's human rights are recognised by decision-makers and widely promoted throughout all Scottish society for many years.
You can find out more about our human rights as disabled people and about the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Disabled People in our toolkit in this section. You can also find out about the Committee in the United Nations which we reported to to tell them how the Government was doing in meeting its obligations.
We coproduced the Human Rights toolkit with Glasgow Disability Alliance, Inverclyde Council on Disability and Angus Advocacy.
We coproduced an Easy Read version of the toolkit with People First Scotland. The Toolkit was launched at the Scottish Parliament.
Part 2 – What is the Human Rights Act?
Inclusion Scotland can offer information sessions to groups of disabled people interested in using the Human Rights Tooklkit.
If your group or organisation is interested in this training and would like more information, please contact Heather Fisken in the Independent Living in Scotland team.
Email contact preferred. Email: heather@inclusionscotland.org or phone: 18002 0141 559 5067 – please include the prefix.
The United Nations worked with disabled people from around the world to produce the Convention on the Rights of Disabled People. This includes the rights of disabled people and the actions that Government's should take so that we disabled people enjoy our human rights. Read the UN Convention on the Rights of Disabled People.
The United Nations includes a Committee which looks at the Convention on the Rights of Disabled People in practice. If a 'State' (a country) signs up to the Convention then the Committee will review what they have done to deliver all the Articles in the Convention. This includes looking at how they have involved disabled people in the policy making and evaluation. The UK Government has signed the Convention.
The CRPD Committee reviewed the UK (including Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland) and published their report in 2017.
This was later than expected. The original examination by the Committee was postponed because the Committee heard about serious breaches of our human rights in the Convention. The Committee decided to investigate these claims. Read the Committee's report that they published after the investigation.
The Concluding Observations show that the UK was in violation of 3 Convention Articles. These related to living independently and being included in the community, work and employment, and adequate standard of living and social protection. They Government were given 12 months to respond to the observations and recommendations made by the Committee.
The Committee raised many more concerns and made recommendations on other Articles too.
We also went to Geneva, where the Committee meets to tell them about how our rights were delivered, or not, in Scotland as part of the UK. We work with other Disabled People's Organisations in England, Wales and Northern Ireland to ensure that the Committee hears from disabled people across the UK.
In 2014 we consulted with hundreds of disabled people on what had got better and what had got worse over the previous 5 years. With all the feedback from this engagement – including an online survey – we sent a report to the United Nations (UN) Disability Committee. See the list of partners below.
We drew up a 'List of Issues' to show the Committee what they should be looking at when they examined the UK. We submitted our shadow report to the Committee to help them to examine the UK, including an Easy Read report for Scotland. This shows what disabled people said is happening in real life, and providing evidence to show where our rights are not being delivered by the Government and what needs to change.
In October 2018 we produced An Alternative Report along with other Deaf and Disabled People's Organisations from across the UK. The report provides information on the UK Government's progress over the past 12 months since the Committee published its Concluding Observations.
The Equality and Human Rights Commission and the Scottish Human Rights Commission have both been awarded Independent Mechanism Status. This means that these National Human Rights Institutions are part of a framework of non-Government organisations which report to Committee and help to monitor the Convention.
They produce a 'List of Issues' to tell the Committee what things they should look at when they review the UK.
12 months on from the Concluding Observations they have published a new report: Progress on disability rights in the United Kingdom. This tells the Committee what the Independent Mechanism Organisations think about the progress the Government has made since 2017.
The Equality and Human Rights Commission wrote a report: How well is the UK performing on disability rights? on the Concluding Observations and how the UK was preforming.
The Scottish Government and Confederation of Scottish Local Authorities (CoSLA) decided to develop delivery plans to show what they planned to do to promote our human rights. We are working with them to support them to deliver on their commitments and to monitor and evaluate how they are doing. You can read their reports below.


text:
Decision - National Non Domestic Rates – to approve discretionary rate relief schemes for 2019/20
National Non Domestic Rates – to approve discretionary rate relief schemes for 2019/20
To approve the scheme for revaluation support for 2019/20 and the scheme for retail rate relief as announced in the October budget and as detailed in the report
i) Cabinet approved the Discretionary Discount Scheme (Revaluation Support) for 2019/20 and 2020/21 as detailed in sections 3.1 to 3.9 and in Appendix 1 of the report from the Strategic Director of Resources, pursuant to the Council's powers under section 47 of the Local Government Finance Act 1988 as amended.
ii) Cabinet approved the Discretionary Discount Scheme (Retail Rate Relief) for 2019/20 and 2020/21 as detailed in sections 3.10 to 3.13 and in Appendix 2 of the report from the Strategic Director of Resources pursuant to the Council's powers under section 47 of the Local Government Finance Act 1988 as amended.
iii) Cabinet delegated authority to the Chief Finance Officer to implement the two schemes as detailed in Appendices 1 and 2 of the report from the Strategic Director of Resources, so that the agreed discretionary discounts for business rates can be awarded in compliance with the schemes criteria.
11. NNDR Discretionary Discount Schemes PDF 149 KB
11a. Appendix 1 NNDR Discretionary Discount Scheme – Revaluation Support Scheme PDF 100 KB
11b. Appendix 2 NNDR Discretionary Discount Scheme - Retail Rate Relief Scheme for 201920 and 202021 PDF 59 KB

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Metaline is a leading point-of-purchase display company specializing in the design, production, warehousing, and distribution of custom POP displays. Recognized as one of the top 50 display companies in the United States, we create captivating, cost-effective, in-store displays from concept to completion. At the forefront of innovation, we combine cutting edge equipment with a team of seasoned engineers and designers to develop eye-catching, cost-effective displays and packaging. We work with a wide range of materials including wire, metal, plastic, wood, corrugate, and more. Beyond design and production, we also boast OEM capabilities and provide warehousing, distribution, and graphic design services - making Metaline a truly turnkey solution to all your custom point-of-purchase display and promotional packaging needs. Our creativity, commitment to quality, and customer service have made Metaline stand out from the competition since 1923.


text:
Summit Wireless Technologies, Inc. (WISA) News
WISA Home
Summit Wireless Technologies, Inc. (WISA): $9.20
Add WISA to Watchlist
Industry: Technology - Hardware
Filter WISA News Items
All News Types Featured Stories Commentary
WISA News Results
Load More News Items
WISA News Highlights
WISA's 30 day story count now stands at 3.
Over the past 2 days, the trend for WISA's stories per day has been choppy and unclear. It has oscillated between 1 and 1.
The most mentioned tickers in articles about WISA are BAND and PORT.
Latest WISA News From Around the Web
Below are the latest news stories about WISA TECHNOLOGIES INC that investors may wish to consider to help them evaluate WISA as an investment opportunity.
Today's Biggest Pre-Market Stock Movers: 10 Top Gainers and Losers on Friday
It's the final day of trading this week and we're checking in on the biggest pre-market stock movers for Friday morning!
William White on InvestorPlace | January 20, 2023
Why Is Genius (GNS) Stock Up 70% Today?
Genius (GNS) stock is on the move Friday after the company announced a new effort to stop alleged illegal short selling of its shares.
Why Is NexImmune (NEXI) Stock Down 4% Today?
NexImmune (NEXI) stock is falling on Friday as the immunotherapies company's shares come off of a recent high earlier this week.
Why Is Tempo Automation (TMPO) Stock Down 17% Today?
Tempo Automation (TMPO) stock is sliding on Friday after the stock saw a rally yesterday alongside new analyst coverage.
Why Is WiSA Technologies (WISA) Stock Up 37% Today?
WiSA Technologies (WISA) stock is rocketing higher on Friday as recent heavy trading of the company's shares continues today.
WiSA to Demonstrate a Wireless 5.1.4 Dolby Atmos Soundbar System Platform Powered by WiSA DS Technology at CES 2023
BEAVERTON, Ore., January 05, 2023--WiSA Technologies, Inc. (NASDAQ: WISA), a leading provider of immersive wireless sound technology for intelligent devices and next-generation home entertainment systems, will demonstrate a new Dolby Atmos soundbar system platform for the first time at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas from January 5-7. The platform, powered by WiSA DS technology, is designed to allow WiSA member brands to create soundbar systems with four channels of true up-firi
Yahoo | January 5, 2023
WiSA Technologies to Demonstrate WiSA E 5GHz Multichannel Audio Software at CES 2023
BEAVERTON, Ore., January 04, 2023--WiSA Technologies, Inc. (NASDAQ: WISA), a leading provider of immersive, wireless sound technology for intelligent devices and next-generation home entertainment systems, will be demonstrating its latest Wi-Fi-compatible multichannel WiSA E embedded software audio technology at CES 2023. Using the 5GHz portion of the Wi-Fi band, WiSA E offers high-performance, high-quality wireless audio transmission and reception at an affordable price.
WiSA Technologies to Demonstrate Multichannel Audio Software IP Running on an Android TV SoC Platform at CES 2023
BEAVERTON, Ore., January 03, 2023--WiSA Technologies, Inc. (NASDAQ: WISA), a leading provider of immersive, wireless sound technology for intelligent devices and next-generation home entertainment systems, will be demonstrating its first port of its wireless multichannel audio software to an Android TV SoC platform. Demonstrations at CES are by appointment only and will be available January 5-8, 2023.
WiSA Technologies Granted Additional 180-Day Extension by Nasdaq to Regain Compliance with Minimum Bid Requirements
BEAVERTON, Ore., December 27, 2022--WiSA Technologies, Inc. (Nasdaq: WISA), a developer of spatial, wireless sound technology for smart devices and next-generation home entertainment systems, today announced it received a notification letter from Nasdaq Stock Market LLC that the Company has been granted an additional 180-day compliance period, or until June 20, 2023, to regain compliance with Nasdaq's minimum bid price rule. There is no immediate effect on the listing or trading of the Company's
Yahoo | December 27, 2022
Platin Audio Showcases New Monaco 5.1.2 at B&H Photo Video SuperStore in New York City
SAN JOSE, Calif., December 12, 2022--Platin Audio's newest surround system - Platin Audio Monaco 5.1.2 - is now on display at the B&H Photo Video SuperStore located in New York City.


International Women's Day, originally called International Working Women's Day, is celebrated on March 8 every year. We celebrates, rejoices, inspires and drives every woman to be the most awesome she can be. In this feature we asked Mahima Makwana, Indian Television Actor, "What makes her feel extremely good or bad about being a woman"?


text:
Think You're All That? You Might Be Putting Your Health at Risk
Why a narcissist's sense of self-love can do damage to the heart, especially for men.
By Alice Park Jan. 24, 2012
Kathrin Ziegler / Getty Images
Narcissistic Men Have Higher Levels of Stress Hormone CNN
Narcissism Especially Bad for Men's Health, Study Says HealthDay
Narcissistic Men May Pay a Price — Worse Health The Los Angeles Times
Everybody knows somebody like this: the self-obsessed, self-congratulatory type with an outsize sense of entitlement and a deluded sense of superiority. He turns every conversation back to himself, prattling on about his own opinions and thoughts, but never deigns to ask about you.
That narcissistic personality can take a toll — and not just on the listeners. It turns out that the more narcissistic a person is, the more likely he (and, yes, it's especially true of men) is to have health problems like heart disease and hypertension.
Sara Konrath, a psychologist at University of Michigan, studied 106 male and female undergraduate students, measuring their levels of narcissism and the stress hormone cortisol. Previous studies have found that people who score high on the narcissism scale show elevated levels of cortisol when threatened. So Konrath and her colleagues wanted to plumb the cortisol connection more deeply, to see if narcissists have higher levels of the stress hormone overall.
MORE: Narcissists Know They're Obnoxious, But Love Themselves All the Same
Indeed, that's what they found. The researchers measured cortisol levels in the students' saliva and then gave them a 40-item questionnaire to assess their narcissistic tendencies. The test assessed variously adaptive forms of narcissism: some narcissistic qualities can be useful, leading to stronger leadership and authority skills as well as self-confidence, while others are less so because they are more focused on exploitation and entitlement.
Interestingly, Konrath and her team found that people who scored higher on the exploitative aspects of narcissism showed higher levels of cortisol, while those who scored higher on the more positive aspects of narcissism did not. And the trend was more pronounced in men than in women, probably due to the fact that more men tend to be narcissistic.
The consequences of chronically high cortisol levels have been well documented in previous studies. Cortisol, which tends to rise when people feel threatened or anxious, activates the body's stress response, elevating the heart rate, sharpening the senses and burning a lot of energy to keep the body on alert. Activating this system when it's needed — if you're being chased by a saber-toothed cat, for example — is critical for survival. But a constant flow of cortisol can take a toll on the body, stressing the heart and the blood vessels and setting the stage for heart disease.
People who are narcissistic tend to be defensive, becoming aggressive when their superiority is threatened, says Konrath, and that style of coping can elevate cortisol and make the heart more vulnerable to disease.
Biologically, she says, narcissists with negative personality traits looked very similar to people with anxiety disorders. But they differed in one respect that may make them even more susceptible to cortisol's damaging health effects. "When people have anxiety disorders, they recognize [it] and talk about feeling anxious and under stress," she says. "For people who are narcissistic, this seems to be happening at a physiological level but for some reason the people aren't feeling stress, which makes it potentially more toxic because they don't seek help."
MORE: Is TV Teaching Kids to Value Fame Above All?
The higher cortisol levels found among the higher-scoring narcissists suggest that they perceived even the task of filling out a questionnaire in the lab to be a potentially threatening situation, and one in which they needed to be on their guard in order to appear superior or in control, compared with the other participants.
Maintaining the narcissistic personality, in other words, is similar to keeping the body under stress, and Konrath says that's particularly worrisome given the rising rates of narcissism in the U.S. "It makes me wonder what the long term health implications of this will be," she says.
The findings also suggest that both primary care physicians and mental health professionals need to be more aware of the connection between mind and body, and appreciate that personality can influence our health in potentially serious ways. "People who work with mental health populations should realize that if people show signs of narcissism, then that personality is probably taking a toll on their body," she says, and those individuals might benefit from some simple stress-relieving therapies.
MORE: Why Are College Students Reporting Record-High Levels of Stress?


For baby size (90-100) I used 500m 4ply colorgrading yarn Woolpedia Colors (Cotton-Mix Custom: Jeansblau, hellgrau - shawl gradient).
You can knit any cardigan size using this pattern!
For EU size 36/38 I used 430g of Woolpedia Merino Elegance color Baronesse.
Super soft merino wool from Peru.
If you think that usual merino wool is itchy, you have to try this!
Please find also other merino yarns in our shop.


text:
Q: Collapse header on scrolling without using CollapsingToolbarLayout I'm trying to implement the same behaviour than the CollapsingToolbarLayout for a view above my recyclerview that collapses to a minimum height on downscrolling and restores to its normal height when the scroll reaches the top. This header is not a Toolbar, hence the custom view.
I managed to do it, but when scrolling up it restores the height but the whole view starts flickering.
This is the header layout, I am trying to make the Textview disappear while keeping the inner linear layout visible at all times:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:gravity="center">
      <TextView
        android:id="@+id/welcome_message"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="12dp"
        android:text="welcome"/>
        <LinearLayout
            android:id="@+id/always_show"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="36dp"
            android:orientation="horizontal"
            android:gravity="center_vertical"
            android:layout_margin="12dp">
            ...
        </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

And this is the code
var maxHeight: Int = 0
var initialSize = false

override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
    ...

     header.getViewTreeObserver().addOnGlobalLayoutListener(object : ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener {
        override fun onGlobalLayout() {
            if (initialSize)
                return
            initialSize = true
            maxHeight = header.measuredHeight
        }
    })

       recyclerView.addOnScrollListener(object: RecyclerView.OnScrollListener() {

        override fun onScrolled(recyclerView: RecyclerView?, dx: Int, dy: Int) {
            super.onScrolled(recyclerView, dx, dy)
            if (dy > 0) {
                //scroll down
                val params = header.layoutParams as LinearLayout.LayoutParams
                params.topMargin = Math.max(params.topMargin-dy, -maxHeight/2)
                header.layoutParams = params
            } else if (layoutManager.findFirstCompletelyVisibleItemPosition() == 0) {
                //top
                val params = header.layoutParams as LinearLayout.LayoutParams
                params.topMargin = 0
                header.layoutParams = params
            }
        }
    })

}

Any ideas on how to make this animation more natural, closest to the CollapsingToolbarLayout behaviour.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Welcome! We at B.S. Ricks Memorial Library are so glad you found us. We may be on the National Register of Historic Places, but our philosophy is completely modern.
This past year, over 63,000 of you visited us. Our public access computers were used over 14,000 times and our free wireless internet was used well over 1,000 times.
Additionally, our meeting rooms were used 163 times by 1,802 people and we answered over 4,000 reference questions.
On average, we receive 60 new patrons per month. This is pretty impressive considering our public library building has served Yazoo County since 1902 and the total population of Yazoo County is just under 28,000.
Read the American Library Association's I Love Libraries webpage for a review of our library. Better yet, come visit us. We'll be happy to give you a tour of the oldest library in continuous use in Mississippi, assist you with your genealogy project, help you with your resume, recommend a good book, assist you with your research project, let you use one of our meeting rooms, show you a comfy spot to use our free wireless internet…… and the list goes on!
Follow us on Twitter (Click here.) and Facebook (Click here.) for interesting book-related ideas.


On October 9th at 8 AM PDT, James Jean (interviewed) will be releasing the catalog for his show last year at Kaikai Kiki Gallery. Azimuth will include the artwork, installation photos, and process images from the exhibition in Japan, as well as ancillary works created in the same period. The exquisite book, which includes many thoughtful details, is limited to 1000 copies, comes signed, and includes an afterword by Takashi Murakami.
Taking things to the next level, James will also be offering three slipcase editions with custom-engineered cloth cases with a magnetic enclosure that opens to reveal a foil-embossed giclée print within. The Vapor, Immortal, and Stargaze editions will each include a different print and come in editions of 200. Head over to his web store for more details.
Categories: Contemporary Art, Low Brow & Pop Surrealism, Publications, Releases. Tags: Contemporary Art, James Jean, Low Brow & Pop Surrealism, Prints, Publications, Releases.


text:
Biden blasted for telling reporter the economy is 'strong as hell' while eating ice cream in Portland
A day after President Joe Biden drew criticism from conservatives on social media for giving unsolicited dating advice to a young teen girl in California, the president is again in hot water for claiming the "economy is strong as hell."
The comment came during a conversation with a reporter at a Baskin Robbins in Portland, Oregon, who asked the president if he had any worry about the strength of the US dollar amid rising inflation.
With a chocolate chip ice cream cone in his hand, Biden answered: "I'm not concerned about the strength of the dollar. I'm concerned about the rest of the world. Our economy is strong as hell."
US President Joe Biden stops for ice cream at Baskin Robbins in Portland, Oregon, October 15, 2022.
He added: "Inflation is worldwide. It's worse off than it is in the United States. So the problem is the lack of economic growth and sound policy in other countries not so much ours."
BIDEN BLASTED FOR TELLING YOUNG GIRL 'NO SERIOUS GUYS UNTIL YOU'RE 30': 'CREEPY JOE IS AT IT AGAIN'
"It's worldwide inflation. It's consequential," Biden also said.
The comment came immediately after Biden criticized UK Prime Minister Liz Truss's economic plan as "a mistake."
"I was not the only one that thought it was a mistake," he said. "I think the idea of cutting taxes on the super-wealthy at a time when — anyway, I disagreed with the policy but that's up to Great Britian to make that judgment, not me."
Biden visited Portland Friday as part of a three-state tour in the Western US to rally turnout for the upcoming midterm elections. Biden also visited California and intends to visit Colorado before heading back to Washington, DC
BIDEN'S LIES, OUTRIGHT FABRICATIONS REPEATEDLY DISMISSED, DOWNPLAYED AND SOFTENED BY MEDIA
His visit to Portland was particularly notable as Democrats are in a position to potentially lose the governor's mansion for the first time in decades, drawing attention from the White House.
A Democrat has governed from Mahonia Hall in Salem since the 1980s but two Democrats in the race — Betsy Johnson and Tina Kotek — could end up splitting the vote potential resulting in Republican Christine Drazan winning, some experts say.
While the Democratic Party formally recognizes Kotek as its nominee, Johnson still has double-digit support in polls and could play spoiler in the race.
Biden on Saturday urged voters to back Kotek.
BIDEN'S BIZARRE BEHAVIOR AT PRESS CONFERENCE CAUSES 'CREEPY JOE' TO TREND ON TWITTER
She's "articulate, tough, [and a] committed woman" the president said at a reception for Kotek, Reuters reported.
Biden's comment about the economy comes a day after he hovered closely behind a teen girl and instructed her not to seriously date until she turned 30.
"Now a very important thing I told my daughters and granddaughters — no serious guys until you're 30!" Biden said to the unknown young woman following a speech at Irvine Valley College in Irvine, California.
"Okay," she responded.
"I'll keep that in mind," she added as Biden hovered just inches from her face.
Video of the exchange was posted on Twitter by reporter Kalen D'Almeida, who claimed members of the Secret Service tried to prevent him from filming.
Cronenworth, Padres rally to stun Dodgers 5-3 to reach NLCS
The Mysterious 'Fifth Evangelist' Who Created the Bible as We Know It


With 25 years of experience of connecting Indonesia to the world, Alpha Pacific Transport Group pride ourselves as an innovative solutions provider to help our customers reach for the world. Our progress can be attributed to the trust that we have been given from our customers. As part of our continuous growth, we are looking for energetic and capable personnel to join our fun loving team and grow with us.


Download Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon for Free Laptop PC Computers. Get Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon Full Version with Easy and Quick Download Process.
Mortal Kombat Armageddon - The Warriors grow too strong and much for nature to handle. The power of warriors threatens to destroy the fabric of reality. To prevent this, the gods demanded protection to be put in place to absorb the Combatants' never satisfied with blood thirst. In the large crater at Edenia, these warriors clashed at the end of the battle between the forces of light and darkness that would threaten to tear apart reality. With 3D graphics that are better and more real.
Get the Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon Full Version.
Search Key: Mortal Kombat Armageddon, Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon, Spesification Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon, Information Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon, Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon Detail, Information About Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon, Free Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon, Free Upload Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon, Free Download Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon Easy Download, Download Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon No Hoax, Free Download Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon Full Version, Free Download Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon for PC Computer or Laptop, The Easy way to Get Free Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon Full Version, Easy Way to Have a Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon, Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon for Computer PC Laptop, Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon Lengkap, Plot Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon, Deksripsi Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon for Computer atau Laptop, Gratis Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon for Computer Laptop Easy to Download and Easy on Install, How to Install Mortal Kombat Armageddon di Computer atau Laptop, How to Install Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon di Computer atau Laptop, Download Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon for di Computer atau Laptop Full Speed, Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon Work No Crash in Computer or Laptop, Download Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon Full Crack, Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon Full Crack, Free Download Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon Full Crack, Crack Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon, Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon plus Crack Full, How to Download and How to Install Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon Full Version for Computer or Laptop, Specs Game PC Mortal Kombat Armageddon, Computer or Laptops for Play Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon, Full Specification Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon, Specification Information for Playing Mortal Kombat Armageddon, Free Download Games Mortal Kombat Armageddon Full Version Latest Update, Free Download Game PC Mortal Kombat Armageddon Single Link Google Drive Mega Uptobox Mediafire Zippyshare, Download Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon PC Laptops Full Activation Full Version, Free Download Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon Full Crack, Free Download Games PC Laptop Mortal Kombat Armageddon Full Activation Full Crack, How to Download Install and Play Games Mortal Kombat Armageddon, Free Download Games Mortal Kombat Armageddon for PC Laptop All Version Complete for PC Laptops, Download Games for PC Laptops Mortal Kombat Armageddon Latest Version Update, How to Download Install and Play Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon Free for Computer PC Laptop Full Version, Download Game PC Mortal Kombat Armageddon on www.siooon.com, Free Download Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon for PC Laptop on www.siooon.com, Get Download Mortal Kombat Armageddon on www.siooon.com, Get Free Download and Install Game PC Mortal Kombat Armageddon on www.siooon.com, Free Download Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon Full Version for PC Laptop, Free Download Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon for PC Laptop in www.siooon.com, Get Free Download Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon Latest Version for PC Laptop on www.siooon.com.
0 Response to "How to Free Download Game Mortal Kombat Armageddon for Computer PC or Laptop"


SEOFlx facilitates users with access to search engine optimisation tools, link analysis tools, link submission, website health checkup, social media management tool, automated link checker, etc (the "Service"). You also understand that the Service may include certain communications from SEOFlx, such as service updates, administrative messages and survey invitations and that these communications are considered part of SEOFlx free registration and paid subscriptions.
Any new features that augment or upgrade the present Service, including the release of new SEOFlx features, shall be subject to this Agreement. You are responsible for obtaining access to the Service, and that access may involve third-party fees. Addition, you must provide and are responsible for all equipment necessary to access the Service.
You must provide your legal full name, a valid email address, and any other information requested in order to complete subscription process. You must provide a valid email address to become a Registrant. Your login may only be used by one person - a single login shared by multiple people is not permitted. You are responsible for maintaining the security of your account and password. SEOFlx cannot and will not be liable for any loss or damage from your failure to comply with this security obligation.


Want To Know Your Yearly Electrical Usage and How Solar Can Cover That Usage?
5.2 kW system MSSI installed in Colora, MD.
One of the most common questions we field at MSSI is, what can solar do for me in combination with how fast can I pay back the system I've had installed? These two questions are intimately involved and have everything to do with your electric usage. We pay for electricity by the kilowatt hour. Knowing our monthly kWh usage gives us a picture of what our usage is annually. Once we know that number, we can more accurately know what size system you need to meet your goals and/or current electrical demand. For instance, if I'm using 12,000 kWh per year and I want to cover my usage 100% with solar, my solar array would need to produce 12,000 kWh or more. On average Americans use 10,932 kWh per year. The higher your usage, the larger system you will need to have installed. The eventual size of your system depends upon your usage, goals and budget.
So, how do you find your annual usage without having to create an elaborate Excel sheet that you plod you way through for a year? While obscure, your bill will tell you. Below are examples of utility bills from across the state and how to discern that information from your bills.
Above the portion that you would tear off to send in with your payment, you will find the Adjusted Annual Usage. This is your current year-to-date electrical usage. The total kWh in this example is 16,485. In order to cover this usage the solar array installed would need to generate 16,485 kWh or more per year.
Extrapolating annual usage from the Delmarva Power bill is a little trickier than with simply finding a single number on the BGE bill because Delmarva provides your yearly kWh usage in a handy bar graph. The horizontal line along the bottom of the bar graph notates the years. In the above example the years in question are 2009 and 2010. The perpendicular line along the left hand side is indicative of the amount of electricity used.
Like Delmarva Power, PEPCO uses a bar graph to convey annual electric usage. In this instance we're looking at about 12,400 kWh per year.
SMECO gives you a bar graph that takes all the guess work out because your monthly usage is numerated above each bar. In this instance, the yearly usage adds up to 29,751.
Posted in Environment, FAQs, Solar in Maryland	| Comments Off on Want To Know Your Yearly Electrical Usage and How Solar Can Cover That Usage?


text:
Interspatial: E.A.T., Cybernetic Serendipity, and the Future of Creative Collaboration
10:30 a.m.–5:00 p.m. Symposium
7:00–8:30 p.m. Screening and Performance including Collusion by Holly Herndon and Mat Dryhurst
Exploratorium, Pier 15
Note: Space is limited. To reserve space for the symposium and evening performances email cai@exploratorium.edu
A series of groundbreaking art and technology experiments took place between 1965 and 1971, each seeking to integrate the advances of science and technology within the spheres of art and culture. The Exploratorium, itself a hybrid laboratory/museum environment, officially opened its doors in 1969 with the traveling exhibition Cybernetic Serendipity, organized by Jasia Reichardt for the Institute of Contemporary Art in London. The show featured the explorations of artists and scientists inspired by the creative possibilities of computation.
At the same time, a group of artists including Robert Rauschenberg and Robert Whitman and engineers Billy Klüver and Fred Waldhauer formed Experiments in Art & Technology (E.A.T.) to facilitate collaborations between artists and engineers. The E.A.T. Pepsi Pavilion, an immersive performance environment created for the Expo '70 in Osaka, Japan, is generally regarded as the pinnacle of the group's work. E.A.T. collaborator Fujiko Nakaya (creator of the Exploratorium's current outdoor installation Fog Bridge) enshrouded the Pepsi Pavilion in billowing fog.
Interspatial, a day-long symposium organized by the Exploratorium's Center for Art & Inquiry, brought together key collaborators of the E.A.T. Pepsi Pavilion project along with other artists, theorists, and interdisciplinary thinkers to explore the legacy and influence of art and technology experiments of the 1960s and '70s. The event focused on architectural and metaphorical conceptions of space. And considered how these experiments shaped the environments, networks, and hybrid cultures we inhabit today and enabled the potential for exchange and new knowledge. What inspires people to migrate outside of given domains of expertise in cooperative efforts and why is that critical today?
Morning Program
10:30 a.m. - 1 p.m.
Robert Semper, Ph. D. Exploratorium Executive Associate Director and Director of Program; and Marina McDougall, Director, Center for Art & Inquiry introduce Interspatial
Julie Martin on E.A.T. Osaka '70 Pepsi Pavilion
Elsa Garmire on the Pepsi Pavilion Mirror Dome
You Nakai introduces and plays David Tudor's Pepscillator; You Nakai and Wilm Thoben on David Tudor's Microphone (1973)
Wilm Thoben moderates panel discussion E.A.T. & Architectures of Participation with Elsa Garmire, Julie Martin, You Nakai and Fujiko Nakaya
Afternoon Program
2:30 - 5 p.m.
Kenjiro Okazaki presents Circuits of Isolation, Autonomy, and Escapement: The Lost Possibilities of the Osaka Expo and Pepsi Pavilion
Dominic Willsdon reports on the Mercosul Biennial
John Weber moderates panel discussion Campgrounds, Platforms & Networks with Amy Franceschini, Guna Nadarajan, and Casey Reas
A Collaborative Evening
Doors open 6:30 p.m. A small number of tickets will be available at the door.
A laboratory for new ideas and methods of presentation, The Exploratorium has always emphasized process and collaboration over product and singular authorship. This evening's program reflects that ethos as it relates to the spatial themes and concerns explored earlier in the day.
Euclidean Illusions (1980, 9 mins., 16mm)
Stan Vanderbeek
Made just four years before his death, this geometric exploration was created in collaboration with animator Richard Weinberg while Vanderbeek was in residence with NASA. A pioneering filmmaker, video artist, and collagist consistently at the forefront of new visualization technologies, Vanderbeek is clearly at play in the realm of computational outer space in this short film. Toward the end of a dynamic career, the artist investigates the relationship between new spaces and new technologies as well as the speed at which technological advances perpetually hurdle us forward.
The Architecture of Rhythmic Perception: Euclidean Algorithms in Music
Meara O'Reilly and Beau Sievers
E.A.T. inspired and facilitated countless dynamic connections between artists, engineers, and others. While organizing Interspatial, the Exploratorium had the similar good fortune in connecting O'Reilly, an Exploratorium Artist-in-Residence, with Sievers, a composer pursuing a PhD in Cognitive Neuroscience. Together, they have begun exploring aural perception as related to Euclidean algorithms, the mathematical properties of which are useful in fields as varied as crystallography and radio astronomy. These algorithms are also relevant in ethnomusicology, where they take the form of rhythm necklaces—circular representations of what is ordinarily thought of as a horizontal timeline. These necklaces are also a particularly interesting foundation for an exploration of perception; their repetitive cycles and interlocking modular nature make them an ideal constant for highlighting the tricks that our ears play on us. O'Reilly and Sievers discuss and demonstrate their recent findings.
Holly Herndon and Mat Dryhurst in collaboration with philosopher Reza Negarestani
Collusion is a semi-improvisational performance work that implicates the audience—and technology, more broadly—in subtle acts of participation. The collaborative work takes various mundane aspects of the immediate performative environment to what Negarestani calls "psychotic extremes." This incarnation of the piece focuses on the familiar cadence of technological presentations and the problematic dualism that emerges when people become enthralled by technology as spectacle. Collusion was first performed at 23Five's Activating the Medium Festival at the Lab in San Francisco in 2012.
For additional information contact us at cai@exploratorium.edu
Image: Mirror Dome, Pepsi Pavilion, 1970, photo by Fujiko Nakaya