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Arthur and Gwen
The Queen - part 28
posted by kbrand5333
Part 27: link
My Dear Queen Annis,
As I'm sure آپ are aware, my reasons for sending escorts ہوم with our young friend and his party were actually twofold. Yes, it was a gesture of good faith and extra protection for them, but I was also keen to gather information about his demeanor and how he interacts with his people.
The information my knights have brought back to me has been fascinating, and I wish to share it with you.
First and foremost, my men were much impressed with the king and queen. They found them to be gracious, regal, and kind. However, they were quite surprised at how familiar the king is with his knights. He often allows them to call him سے طرف کی his دیا name and speak freely to him as if he were their peer. He chats freely with them, even joking and laughing with them. He is very involved with them, personally overseeing their training; not afraid to get his hands dirty.
This familiarity does not in any way detract from the respect his knights have for him and his queen. One of my knights talked at length with one of his, and he learned a great deal about their loyalty to their sovereigns. This particular knight claims that he would serve no other king, and that he and any of the knights would gladly lay down their life for either of their rulers. Such is the level of love and respect the young king has of his people.
I will admit that much of the information my men received was at a local tavern, but both men corroborated the information I received. They claimed that there was nothing but positive words and good cheer from nobles and commoners alike.
Even that line is blurring; the line between noble and commoner. Many of his knights, his closest knights, were common-born, and word has it that he's just accepted three مزید into training that are the sons of a farmer.
Now, I tell آپ all this because, as one of the Old Guard to the other, I am much interested in your opinion. Is this the way the world is turning? Where a king can be a man of the people rather than above the people? What will become of the kingdom with this kind of hand, a hand that reaches out to the people? Time will out, I am sure, and I know we both will be watching with interest. It is very clear that he is not his father; should we be setting the young king and his kingdom as a model for the futures of our own kingdoms? Should we be guiding our heirs to follow this example?
I am actually inclined to think so. The alliance of our three kingdoms will be strong indeed, and I thank آپ again for helping to repair the rift between us.
I am very curious about your opinion on this matter, and trust that آپ will, as always, be direct with your reply.
King Odin
"Please, wait here for the reply and آپ may return with it presently," Annis says to Odin's messenger.
"Yes, my lady."
"Norah, please دکھائیں him to the kitchens. I am sure he has an appetite."
"Thank you, my lady," the messenger bows, smiling as he follows the maid.
Dearest King Odin,
When I first met our young king, after I forgave him and got to know him, I recognized an indefinable quality in him. I told him that there was something about him that gave me hope for the future.
That being said, the information آپ have imparted to me does not surprise me. I am very interested in the future of their kingdom, and have already told them that I will be watching with interest.
My opinion of both the king and queen is very high indeed. I do feel that his methods and demeanor, though unconventional to our old eyes, are promising. The young king has much to offer this land, and we are wise to ally ourselves with them. He is young, he is charismatic, and he is strong. So, my direct answer is yes, I think we should look to his kingdom as a model and encourage our heirs to learn from his example. I have no doubt that there is truly a prosperous and fascinating time ahead for us all.
Respectfully yours,
Queen Annis.
"Arthur, I don't need a big celebration," Gwen protests the اگلے morning over breakfast.
"Well, you're getting one, and you're not changing my mind."
"I don't think you're going to win this one, Gwen," Merlin says.
"Don't help, Merlin," Gwen says.
"Really, did آپ need to announce it to the council, though?"
"Of course I did. How else would we let everyone know? I've got big plans going on, آپ know."
"Why does that worry me?"
"I'm helping, too," Merlin chimes in again.
"Doesn't make me feel any better."
Arthur turns to Gwen. "Guinevere. Don't worry. It'll be wonderful. I promise." He lifts her hand and kisses it.
"I don't need big and wonderful, Arthur," she tries again, but her voice is admitting defeat already.
"You're the queen. آپ deserve nothing less. Even if آپ were still a servant, you'd deserve nothing less, my love."
"I can't change your mind?"
She stands and goes to her vanity, picking up her brush. Faintly Arthur hears her muttering something about "stubborn men" and "control issues."
Arthur stands and goes to get his sword. Gwen waves Merlin over to her.
"Merlin," she says quietly to him, "I need your help with something. A surprise for Arthur. Find me later when he's training the knights."
"Sure. What is it?"
"What are آپ two ladies gossiping about back there?" Arthur calls. "Merlin, help me with this, will you? I'm supposed be on the training field."
"Drake, مزید finesse, not so stompy! You're not harvesting grain یا dodging cowpats," Arthur corrects the recruit, striding amongst the men, who are paired off with swords.
"Gwaine, stop دکھانا off," he says, slapping him on the back of his head as he passes.
He approaches Elyan, sparring with Winthrop beside Leon and Winston. Arthur stops between the two pairs and watches. "Stop, stop, stop," he says, waving his hands, and both pairs stop. "Twins: you're mirroring each other. Again. Cut it out; it's creepy."
"Sorry, Sire, we can't help it," Winston says.
Arthur sighs. "Winthrop, آپ and Elyan اقدام down there," he points. "Maybe some distance will help."
Winthrop looks at Arthur, surprised. "You can tell us apart, my lord?" he asks.
"Well, yes. You're left handed. Move," he shoves him on the shoulder in a friendly way.
"Merlin, where are آپ going?" he sees Merlin walking away from the training field and turns toward him.
"Gwen wanted to see me!" he shouts back.
"Oh. Okay. Don't take long."
"No, no, like this. Here…" Arthur says, walking towards another pair, drawing his sword.
"Not going to be easy, Gwen," Merlin says, twisting his mouth to one side.
"I know. But I've been thinking about it a lot. We need to do this. He'll appreciate it مزید than he realizes," she says.
"We'll need to find a way to get him out of here for at least half a day."
"Obviously. We can put Gwaine on that detail. He'll come up with something," Gwen smiles.
"Probably. Can't do anything real big like a hunting trip, because we'll need a fair amount of men here."
"I know. Of course…" she pauses, thinking. "No. That wouldn't do. Can't abuse آپ like that."
Merlin laughs. "Oho, now you're thinking of using my magic for your own ends, is that it?"
"Perhaps. But no."
"I could do it, آپ know."
"Could you?"
He nods.
"No. I can't. It wouldn't be right."
"Okay. So: when?"
"We'll wait till after my birthday. That way he won't have a fit about my trying to divert attention away from my celebration."
"Which آپ would love to do," Merlin says. He knows his friend well.
"Which I would indeed love to do," she agrees.
Gwen stands and walks to the window. Merlin's eyes open wide. Oh no! He mutters a hasty word under his breath, and with a flash of his eyes, the window is frozen in place.
She reaches for the handle and tries to open the window. "Hmm. Seems to be stuck. Merlin, can آپ help me with this, please?"
Merlin stands and joins her. He reaches for the handle and pulls. Stuck tight. Biting back a smile, he says, "I guess it is stuck, sorry." He shrugs helplessly.
Guinevere turns and fixes him in her stare. "Merlin. I know آپ can open this window."
Shoot. He sighs. She is too smart. "Can, but won't. Just… leave it be for now, Gwen."
"What are آپ two up to?"
"Not telling. All I will say is that window must remain closed for a short while."
"How short?" she glares at him.
"Again, not telling. Open a different window if you're warm," he says dismissively, waving his hand at the many other windows in the room.
She stomps over to another window and flings it open. "I don't think I like the two of آپ conspiring against me," she pouts.
"We're not conspiring against you, Gwen," he laughs. "Okay, we're definitely conspiring, but it's not against you. آپ know normally I would be on your side every time." He crosses to her and puts his hands on her shoulders.
"Yes, I know that, Merlin. Thank you, آپ are always such a good friend to me, and I don't say it enough," she says, leaning up to kiss his cheek.
"Well, آپ say it مزید than Arthur does," he jokes, laughing.
She laughs with him, then stretches her neck and sits back down.
"Tired, Gwen?"
"A little. Probably could do with a rest."
"Trouble sleeping last night?" Merlin asks, concerned.
"Um, something like that, yes," she says, avoiding his gaze.
"Ah…" Merlin says, blushing, and Gwen laughs.
"You asked," she says. "Oh – here, I'll change the subject."
"Thank you," Merlin says.
"Arthur's new servant. Any ideas?"
"Well, he specified 'not George.' And he also specified someone he won't want to throttle. So that leaves out just about everyone in Camelot, including me. Heh," he chuckles, "I think آپ would be the only one who accurately fits that description, Gwen."
"I would not be his servant even if I were paid handsomely," she laughs again, harder this time. "I don't envy آپ this task, Merlin."
"Yeah, it's a toss up as to which will be worse: finding Arthur a new servant یا having to dispense justice on my first practitioner of dark magic," he says wryly.
"So do آپ know of anyone outside Camelot, then? Worked out for you."
"Hmm. Maybe… There was a young man back in Ealdor. I worked with him on rebuilding part of his family's house while I was back there. Haylan. Good lad, hard working. Restless. I got the impression that he wants out of Ealdor. He hung on my every word when I was telling him about Camelot."
"Sounds promising. Shall we send word to him?"
Merlin thinks. "Yes, I think so. I'll draft something up and send a messenger."
"Well, one problem solved, hopefully," she moves to stand, and Merlin does so as well, offering his hand.
"Get some rest, Gwen," he says, and she nods. Merlin turns to walk out the door, and the banner on the دیوار bearing the Pendragon crest catches his eye. "Gwen?" he says, turning back.
"I think I may have thought of a way to distract Arthur for a while when the time comes."
"Oh, good."
Arthur returns from training to find Guinevere fast asleep on their bed. He knows lunch will be arriving soon, and while he doesn't want to wake her, he knows she needs to eat.
He walks to the bedside, gazing down at her sleeping form. I don't deserve her. She was born a servant, I a prince, but somehow she is too good for me. And she doesn't even realize it.
He sits carefully on the bed, gently sweeping a curl from her forehead. My lovely wife. Wife. It's been months now and I still can't believe it. All the trials, all the pain, all the obstacles trying to keep us apart are nothing but dust now. Faint memories. I would still give up everything if she asked me.
"How long are آپ going to sit there staring at me?" Gwen mutters, her voice sleepy.
"For the rest of my life, if I have my way," Arthur answers, lying down beside her and pulling her into his arms.
"And آپ usually do," she answers, smiling at his sweet face اگلے to her on the pillow.
"Hmm. Seems to me that آپ are the one who usually wins around here," he says, smirking.
"Only because you're a pushover," she tucks her face into his neck, snuggling closer.
"Just for you, my love. No one else." His hand drops down to her stomach. "When are آپ going to start showing?"
He sounds like he wants to see my belly grow large, she thinks. "Not until about the fourth month. But Fira says I may دکھائیں a little before, due to my small size."
He smiles and rubs his hand on her still-flat stomach. "I can't wait. I'm sure it sounds awful to you, but I really want to see your belly grow large and round with my child."
"I know. You're twisted, آپ are," she teases.
"And آپ love me anyway," he reminds her, pulling her face towards his gently for a few soft kisses. "It's just… I don't know what I'm trying to say. I'm looking آگے to it because…"
"Because you're a proud man who is very pleased with himself to have planted an heir in his wife and being able to see my big fat belly—"
"It's not fat, it's a baby," he corrects her.
"Regardless. Seeing it is just confirmation that you've really done it. It'll be out there for everyone to see. You're just proud of your accomplishment and can't wait for our son to get here."
"It's killing me that we're keeping it a secret," he admits, burying his face in her hair.
"Your idea," she reminds him. "And soon enough. Fira says that the first three months are the most perilous; it's when the most problems happen. After that if anything happens, the baby is usually strong enough to cope with… most anything, I guess."
"And don't forget, our son has been protected. So he's already got a head start."
"Why have آپ summoned me, young warlock?" Kilgarrah the Great Dragon asks, his massive head angling down towards Merlin, waiting in the familiar clearing in the forest outside Camelot.
"I have news."
"Is this about Queen Guinevere being with child یا King Arthur lifting the ban on magic?"
I should have known. "Well, I was going to tell آپ about Arthur lifting the ban on magic, but apparently there isn't much that escapes your attention."
The dragon laughs, his familiar throaty chuckle bringing a small smile to Merlin's face.
"This is good news indeed, Merlin. However, your new responsibilities are not to be taken lightly at all."
"Yes, I know," he says, the smile slipping from his face. "He's basically appointed me not only his personal advisor, but head of magical law enforcement as well."
"A small price to pay for getting to share your considerable gifts with the world," Kilgarrah says wisely.
Merlin nods.
"And how did our young king take the news?"
"Not bad. For him."
"How long did he avoid you?" the dragon asks.
I think he's smirking. Can dragons smirk? "Almost two days. And then I hunted him down, even though I was supposed to wait for him to summon me."
Kilgarrah chuckles again. "Only آپ would be able to get away with such behavior, Merlin. آپ and the queen, of course. Arthur is wise enough to not let those whom he loves and trusts slip through his fingers."
"I'd like for him to meet you."
"Do آپ think he is ready?"
"Not right now. In a few weeks. He doesn't yet know that I'm a dragonlord. And that you're still alive. I'll have to break that to him first," he says, smiling sheepishly.
"So آپ did not divulge everything, then," the dragon says.
"No, I didn't think he could handle everything yet. He doesn't know about my 80-year-old disguise, either," Merlin laughs.
Kilgarrah smiles. "I'm not sure which bit of information is مزید dangerous for آپ to tell him. That I live, یا that the old man is you."
"I guess I'll be finding that out," Merlin says with a sigh.
"So, young warlock. When will this meeting take place?"
"Not entirely sure yet. I'll be in touch."
AuthorForPooh, KshMcKenzie and 3 others like this
fdarcy Oh dear Odin might have enjoyed meeting Gwen but he is still crafty, loved Queen Annis' reply. The Dragon wow you are bringing it all in, I said it before you are one great writer and the team from Merlin should hire you to write for the show because at times they are just crap. Love you and your writing.
Nasty_Nat It was fun reading about Gwen and Merlin conspiring and keeping stuff from Arthur and vice versa. Odin having a change of heart about King and Queen in the letter. That was really nice of him. Queen Annis, well she has class. Love her. And I can't wait for the part when Arthur will meet the Dragon.
HumbleQueen The Dragon! He's a favorite of mine! Now what are Merlin and Gwen cooking up? This is nice, having post reveal happenings.
queeng4ever Just start reading two week ago... I read all 28 episodes totally love each one. I totally agree you should write for the Merlin Team. Keep them coming..... I read them just before going off to bed. Great stuff...
fdarcy I can't wait for the meeting between Arthur and the dragon.
EPaws Cunning devil, Odin but effective at broaching a subject not sure his audience (Queen Annis) would see in favour. Well played. The intimate moment shared between Arthur and Guinevere as they discuss their new little life with the tiny heart beat. Oooooh I know that convo well. It was so on point and you can tell, that this was written by a woman married to her bff. Well done! Very well done. Oh and Dragon and Merls, totally on point and in character entirely. Most enjoyable convo as per usual with these two. The Dragon talking in abstract and Merlin getting his point across in a zinger fashion in this case.
MOPENDRAGON King Odin you sneaky devil...but I totally understand how a former arch enemy and an older monarch would look upon young King Arthur with suspicion. And I think it brilliant that you have the elder monarchs discuss this new, young and unconventional King and question whether his new ways of ruling a kingdom are worth mirroring. As always Queen Annis is the bomb, love her & her wisdom. I love how now that Merlin's magic has been revealed, ABC can talk about it openly and even ask Merls to use magic in their favor. I mean if I had a best friend with magic, I'd sure ask them to use their magic in my favor from time to time...lol. Love the Angel & Merls banter and the Arwen banter-just so spot on. I find it adorable how Arthur can't wait to see Gwen big with child...I think that is so in Arthur's character-he's such the proud peacock. And what can I say Merls & Kilgarrah, their banter is golden.
آگ کے, آگ - Part 69
"Mmmm," Guinevere purrs contentedly, resting her head on Arthur's chest. She curls into his side, throwing a leg over his.
"I didn't get to finish my lunch," Arthur says, earning him a pinch. "Ow!"
"Hey, آپ were the one that left the table," she shrugs.
He slides his hand along her body, from her hip to her shoulder and back down again to rest on her hip, where he gives her a squeeze. "Well it was still your fault. And رات کے کھانے, شام کا کھانا isn't until seven," he pouts.
Much to Learn
Okay, remember my تبصرہ about wondering what A&G could have gotten up to had Merlin not interrupted them in 2x02? (link) This was knocking at the front door of my brain this morning.
"…A good king should respect his people, no matter who they are!" Gwen scolds him, turning away.
Arthur's hand shoots out and grabs her elbow, firmly but gently. مزید gently than Guinevere would have thought him capable.
"Guinevere," he says quietly.
The combination of his baritone voice caressing her name...
Arthur wakes before Gwen. He decides to get up and shower, so that they can have plenty of time to get to her apartment before his father's. He is able to reach up enough to wash his own hair, which makes him happy. When he returns to his room, he finds Guinevere awake, which also makes him happy.
"Good morning, love," he says, leaning to kiss her. She offers a cheek, which he kisses, then scowls.
"I haven't brushed my teeth yet," she tells him.
"I don't care," he tells...
Arthur has a lot on his mind this morning. He is restless, because he can't do anything. Merlin says he can't take the گوفن, جھلانا off until Sunday at the earliest. At least one مزید day. Grr. Cheering at the rugby match is going to be difficult, indeed, not to mention certain… leisure activities he plans on engaging in later with Guinevere.
By ten a.m. he is stir crazy. He stalks out to the common room and finds Leon playing catch with Wayne across the room. They are seated on sofas opposite one another, tossing a plush version of...
ARWEN & METHUR = His Father's Son
posted by sportyshuie
This is a tribute to the lovely مضمون written سے طرف کی RosalynCabenson. i may not be able to write as good as her but i just wanted to دکھائیں her how her مضمون inspired me ..
This is about last saturday's episode; His father's son. I find this episode slighly better than the four others combined and it was due to some excellent acting and good scripts from the writers. Though episode 3 made me cry and wanted it to be become my personal favorite; it was completely ruined سے طرف کی some ridiculous editing that left us stunned! Not that this episode is without the flaws but it's nice to see the directors...
added by MISAforever
Modern Merlin AU
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bradley james
angel coulby
Arthur and Gwen - So close
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merlin.bbc
A beautiful Arwen drawing
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OT3: Picnic! [3]
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Arwen in 507
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Bradley and Angel Are Brilliant (2)
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Queen Guinevere: Beautiful (4)
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Home » The high price of creating good journalism
Posted inColumns & Opinion
The high price of creating good journalism
How Sun-Times Media left the Chicago News Cooperative behind
by Michael Miner March 7, 2012 August 19, 2021
Credit: Jeffrey Alan Love
When a new group of Chicago investors took Sun-Times Media off the hands of the old group last December for $20 million, one of the new owners drew me an exciting picture of the journalism Chicago could be in store for. The picture hinted at a communion between old media and new—to be specific, the legacy print daily and a young digital start-up with big
aspirations and an impressive pedigree. "There's no deal between the Chicago News Coop and the Sun-Times at the moment," said Bruce Sagan, who sits on the board of the group that runs Sun-Times Media—and sat on the board of the recently shuttered CNC. "They are indeed organizations with their own goals. But the goals are not far apart. It's a question if they can make it work. The Sun-Times needs personality, viewpoint. That can't come from somebody else. But is there a lot of news out there that can be shared? My god!"
"They're gonna talk," Sagan predicted, and, indeed, how could CNC and the Sun-Times not talk? They were, to an extent, the same people. In addition to Sagan's dual role, John Canning Jr., chairman of CNC, is on the board of Wrapports LLC, which is what the new owners of Sun-Times Media are legally calling themselves. And CNC board member Michael Ferro is now chairman of Wrapports.
What I didn't understand in December was the role James O'Shea, founder and general manager of CNC, had just played in making the sale of Sun-Times Media happen. O'Shea, a former managing editor of the Tribune, launched CNC in the fall of 2009 with seed money from the MacArthur Foundation and one significant contract—to provide four pages a week of Chicago news to the New York Times. O'Shea had plans, a first-rate staff, and a website—but two years on, CNC was spinning its wheels. O'Shea wanted to build out the website with deep, focused content he could offer for money—education was first on his list. But he didn't have the money to do it.
About the same time that O'Shea was getting CNC up and running, the collection of daily and weekly papers that constitute Sun-Times Media had been bought out of bankruptcy by an investment group led by James Tyree, chairman and CEO of Mesirow Financial. The other day Canning called Tyree a "visionary," in the sense that if buying Sun-Times Media made sense to Tyree it made much less sense to anyone else. "I had no idea why Tyree did it," Canning told me. "I knew Jim. He was a very Chicago-centric guy. And maybe it was 'I'm not going to let this iconic Chicago paper die.'"
At any rate, Tyree centralized and centralized some more, slashed his staffs, outsourced printing to the Tribune, sold off real estate, and nudged the operation into black ink. But last March Tyree, never in good health, suddenly died. A month later, O'Shea made a bold proposal to the CNC board.
We're not going to get a lot more money from philanthropy, he reasoned. And it takes money we don't have to build up the business to make it pay for itself. But if we can't create a revenue stream, maybe we can buy one. If Sun-Times Media throws off just $2 million a year, or even one million, that's a lot of money to CNC. Pay us to write stories for the Sun-Times and do small-scale R & D, and anything that works for us we'll export to the company.
Canning was intrigued. "I doubt that I would have on my own looked at the Sun-Times if I hadn't already been involved with the Chicago News Cooperative, but it was a logical thing to do," Canning tells me. "I called up the Mesirow people and said, 'Are you interested?' It wasn't for sale but they were glad to talk. Sagan, myself, and O'Shea went over and met with the Mesirow principals."
"The relationship with the New York Times provided seed money, but it was for a product that cost a hell of a lot more to produce."
—John Canning Jr., chairman of CNC
Like O'Shea, Canning wanted to get CNC off life support. CNC had been operating about a year when Canning came on board, invited by his friend Jim Kirk, CNC's managing editor and a former business editor of the Tribune. "As a favor to Kirk, I put in $100,000, and I sure as hell wasn't thinking of this at the top of my charitable giving," says Canning. "Ferro put in $100,000. It was a worthwhile cause, with guys trying hard to put out a quality product. But I made no bones that this has got to get to revenue growth in some reasonable time."
Maybe Sun-Times Media was the way to make this happen. Because the Sun-Times and other dailies had slashed so much coverage they could no longer afford, O'Shea saw lots of opportunities for CNC to leverage the relationship. For instance, "I thought it was a good idea to beef up Springfield coverage," says O'Shea, "and take that coverage and see if we could use it to raise revenue from other papers that have closed their Springfield bureaus." Another opportunity was the arts. "The Times wanted some cultural coverage. I was looking into, can I get Sun-Times cultural coverage and use it in the New York Times? I could save money by putting Sun-Times copy in the New York Times. There's not a lot of cross-readership."
Was the Times OK with that? I wonder.
"We didn't get that far," says O'Shea. "But they were more than willing to make this work."
Mesirow was happy to discuss getting out from under Tyree's labor of love. "I said, 'I'm not going to be Jim Tyree here. The only way this gets done is if you find a Tyree,'" Canning tells me. "And I only knew of one person who might fill his shoes—Michael Ferro."
Says O'Shea: "He called Ferro and Ferro was actually pretty excited about the idea. Michael's a very creative guy. He's got a thousand ideas."
For purposes of discussing business opportunities with the Sun-Times, it was a good thing for O'Shea that Ferro, like Canning, was on the CNC board. For purposes of actually doing business with the Sun-Times, it turned out to be not so good.
O'Shea wanted to deliver news stories to the Sun-Times in the same way he'd been delivering them to the New York Times. But—and it was a big but—he wanted to charge the Sun-Times a lot more money. "The relationship with the New York Times provided significant seed money," Canning says, "but it was only $15,000 a month for a product that cost a hell of a lot more to produce."
O'Shea says Ferro was willing to pay more—but, not a lot more. And O'Shea didn't have much of an argument for why Ferro should. As O'Shea puts it, if the Times kept paying CNC x dollars and the Sun-Times agreed to pay 3x dollars, the Sun-Times Media investors with no interest in CNC would surely say to the ones who do, "Wait a minute! What are you doing? Are you trying to take care of your favorite little nonprofit here?" Or as Canning puts it, "People would say, 'If the New York Times isn't paying what it's worth why am I subsidizing the New York Times?' That's a legitimate question. Jim rightfully went back to the New York Times and gave them an ultimatum. He said, 'You've got to pay more. You've got to pay what it's worth.'"
But the Times was already paying what the CNC-produced pages were worth to the Times. They were one of those things in life that either get bought at a discount or don't get bought at all. Conversations between O'Shea and the Times over compensation were always amicable, both sides tell me, but they went nowhere. On February 16 a call from Chicago to New York brought the relationship to an end, and the next day O'Shea told his staff that CNC was shutting down.
People in the nonprofit world tell me it's necessary to wake each morning with one thought: "Today, I need to raise some money." By various accounts, O'Shea was not adept at this, and when he concluded almost a year ago that the future of CNC was tied to the sale of Sun-Times Media, he stopped fund-raising entirely. Months passed. "I kind of knew in January if I couldn't get an agreement with the Sun-Times I was going to have a tough time," he says. By then he'd asked the MacArthur Foundation for a $200,000 "bridge grant" to tide him over. Unfortunately, questions that a MacArthur attorney raised about CNC's nonprofit status held up the grant, and O'Shea couldn't wait. He withdrew his application and shut down.
"They didn't make clear to us how close to the brink they were," says Elspeth Revere, the MacArthur vice president who dealt with O'Shea. "We knew they needed additional funding, but unless we are informed very clearly that an immediate grant is a matter of great importance, we assume that if it takes an extra month it won't have great consequences."
O'Shea's hope and belief had been that Michael Ferro, the man of a thousand ideas, had put very near the top of his list the idea of bringing new resources to the emaciated flagship paper. If that was the case, CNC had a lot to offer: the core of O'Shea's operation was a cluster of senior reporters and editors from the Tribune. But it wasn't the case. Ferro's mind was running in other directions.
A recent story in Crain's Chicago Business described Ferro's apparent plans for Sun-Times Media (Ferro didn't talk to Crain's, just as he didn't talk to me): "Mr. Ferro wants to create a splashier tabloid—a New York Post of the Midwest—with more coverage of Chicago celebs, sports and even business, according to people familiar with his thinking. He's also intent on an upgraded tablet application, they say. At the chain's 40 suburban dailies and weeklies, Mr. Ferro is focusing on real estate, crime and high-school sports, these people say."
Ferro made his name and fortune by founding Click Commerce, a software manufacturer, and selling it for $292 million before he turned 30. He brought on as CEO of Sun-Times Media Timothy Knight, a former publisher of Newsday fluent in the patois of the digital street. "We look forward to introducing cutting-edge technologies, new content portals and other tools that will expand and drive richer and more satisfying content to readers, while providing more targeted and measurable promotion options for our advertising partners," said Knight when he took the job. (Knight didn't return my call either.)
O'Shea still talks of doing business with Sun-Times Media as some sort of remnant organization risen from the ashes of CNC. He is not a New York Post sort of newsman, however, and he and Ferro and Knight may share only so many words of a common language. John Canning says his friend Ferro's ideas for the company "are centered on the suburban papers and an Internet-based strategy, which is not something O'Shea or I had any views on or expertise in. They're not really interested in the journalistic side of it, in the sense of making it the New York Times."
Michael Ferro buys big piece of Tribune, goes silent at Sun-Times
When Half Empty Is Too Much to Hope For
In "Media"
Blame the PDB; Green Minds and the Sun-Times; Trib Stung by Cupid's Arrow; News Bite
Tagged: Bruce Sagan, Chicago media, Chicago News Cooperative, Chicago Sun-Times, James O'Shea, James Tyree, John Canning Jr., journalism, MacArthur Foundation, Michael Ferro, New York Times, Vol. 41 No. 24, Wrapports LLC

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Derby College hosts construction skills challenge
Pupils from seven schools took part
Jane McFarlaneCommercial Audience Editor
Pupils from local schools competed in three different construction skills challenges organised by staff at Derby College Group (DCG).
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Fifty five pupils from John Flamsteed Community School, Murray Park Community School, Royal School for the Deaf Derby, Ormiston Ilkeston Enterprise Academy, Belper School and Castle Donington College competed in brickwork, painting and decorating and plastering challenges.
Meanwhile, pupils from Brackenfield Special School, alongside a young person who is home educated, competed in the carpentry and joinery competition.
The competition was organised by DCG's Construction Academy at the Roundhouse Technical and Professional Skills college and the 14-16 Schools team who coordinate vocational programmes at the College for year 10 and 11 school pupils as part of an extended curriculum offer.
They were supported by college staff and full-time students – many of whom had competed in the challenge as school pupils in previous years – and cheered on by more than 60 school staff, parents and employers.
The brickwork competition, judged by college assessor Gary Mangnall and Kevin Dodds from GF Tomlinson, first place went to Kieran Sanders (John Flamsteed), second to Raife Poplar (Belper School) and Jordan Bird (John Flamsteed).
The plastering competition was judged by Dave Kehoe from British Gypsum who also donated prizes and goody bags for the students. John Flamsteed's Toby Foulke and Jonathan McFarlane came first and third, with Liam Stevenson from Murray Park taking second prize.
Murray Park students Ellena Dean and Yosef Adamu came first and third in the painting and decorating competition with Callum Kelly from Royal School for the Deaf Derby taking second place, this category was judged by Craig Tansley, a college assessor.
T-shirts for all the students taking part in the painting and decorating category, as well as prizes totalling £100, were donated by Brewers Decorator Centre.
The carpentry and joinery competition for Brackenfield Special School was won by Harry Tracey, Raymond Shelbourne and Tye-Rhis Marshall.
It was judged by Louis Howarth, Talsa Middleton an Adam Fox from Howarth Timber and Building Supplies who also provided materials for this and the Painting and Decorating competition. Howarth Timber and Building Supplies also kindly sponsored t-shirts for all fifty five competitors.
DCG head of construction Eileen Swan presented the prizes alongside Team Manager David Binks.
She said: "The competition is designed to showcase the school pupils' skills that they have developed during their time here and to highlight employment opportunities, apprenticeships and full time study programme opportunities that are open to them after leaving school.
"It was wonderful that so many teachers and parents came along to support the competitors and see just how far they have come.
"We are particularly grateful to the employers who have supported the event. The feedback was that they were very impressed with the standard of the work completed and have earmarked several of the young men and women for potential apprenticeships in the future."
Millions could be denied a mortgage due to new bank loan ban
Your MoneyNot all banks are bringing in the ban, but millions of people may be affected by the change


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The Golden Butterfly  is a training two-seat autogyro produced by The Butterfly LLC as a complete kit for homebuild. It won a rotorcraft award for "Outstanding New Design" at the Experimental Aircraft Association's AirVenture in 2004.
The instructor has a seat behind and elevated relative to the pupil. To give the aircraft improved safety, the horizontal stabilizer is large and the line of thrust of the propeller is below the centre-of-gravity.

References
The Golden Butterfly Specifications
The Butterfly Gyroplane

External links

2000s United States sport aircraft
Autogyros
Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engine aircraft

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Rare that I reference or recommend something that's actually printed on paper, but it does happen, and I do actually read lots of stuff that doesn't appear on a screen. The new Fast Company (june) came yesterday, and there's a great article on Ty Montague and Rosemarie Ryan, and the things they're making happen at JWT. Big agencies move slower, but that doesn't mean they don't move. Cool piece about cool stuff happening.


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Гордијев чвор или Гордијски чвор значи посебно замршен чвор. Често се користи као метафора за нерешив проблем. Према легенди прави Гордијев чвор је решио (пресекао мачем) Александар Македонски.

Легенда
У Анадолији се налазило античко место Гордијум, које је било престоница Фригије. Фригија је остала без краљева и једно пророчанство је рекло да први човек који уђе у град са воловском запрегом треба постати краљ. Један сиромашан сељак Мида на тај начин постаје краљ.

Мида своју воловску запрегу посвећује једном од богова те је везује изузетно компликованим чвором. Пророчиште предвиђа да ће онај ко одвеже чвор постати краљ Азије. Александар Македонски долази да реши чвор. Није га могао решити на уобичајен начин, извукао мач, снажно замахнуо и исекао једним ударцем. Александар је решио овај проблем, али очигледно на свој начин. Синтагма гордијев чвор је синоним за велики проблем који се веома тешко решава.

Референце

Види још
 Гордије

Спољашње везе

  ДНЕВНО. РС "Зашто се каже 'Гордијев чвор'?"

Легенде
Фригија
Метафоре


This tutorial will show you how to go back to Windows 7 or 8 from Windows 10.
If you are one of the few users who have upgraded to Windows 10 but want to go back to your previous version of Windows because your hardware device is not supported, your mission critical application will not work in Windows 10 or you just do not like the look and feel of new Operating System.
Microsoft has a feature which will allow you to go back to your previous version of Windows. Don't worry you will still have one year window to upgrade to Windows 10 free of cost.
You upgraded to Windows 10 from a previous version of Windows and it's not been more than 30 days since you upgraded. Microsoft only allows rollback to previous version of Windows within 30 days of upgrade.
You haven't done a post upgrade clean install.
Note: Make sure to backup all your files before performing a rollback.
Delete all user accounts you created after you upgraded to Windows 10.
From the options on the left hand side, click on Recovery.
In the right side panel click on the Get started button underneath Go back to Windows x where x will be 7,8 or 8.1.
Fill the form with reason for rollback o previous version and press Next button to proceed.
Windows 10 will prompt you to stay and not go back, keep pressing Next to continue uninstall and go back your previous version of Windows.
The uninstall process may take upto an hour or longer depending on your system. Once you are back in your old Operating System, you will need to reinstall all your previous apps and software once again.
The easiest thing to do is just create a system image of windows 7/8. Then when you realise how garbage Windows 10 is (as I did), you can just restore your system image without all that messing around.


AInsulation is the most reliable name in attic cleaning in Riverside. We offer the best services in attic cleaning, duct cleaning, insulation removal and more.
*Come visit the NEW Swank Design Showroom!* Interior designer Raelena Vasquez is a Southern California Native. Her love of design started at an early age, as she was quickly intrigued by business and manufacturing coming from an entrepreneurial mother and father. She studied fashion at FIDM in Los Angeles and later studied at UCR for Interior Design. Raelena has a design aesthetic that combines a style of modern chic with timeless classic contemporary beauty. She attributes her design influence to her travel experiences around the world, coupled with a classic California lifestyle. Raelena has a diverse design background in fashion and furniture design as well as residential and commercial interior design projects. Her design diversity has lent itself to many types of design projects from hair salon design to new home building projects. Her attention for detail and ability to create clients dream spaces is her passion. Raelena understands the desire to have a beautiful living and working environment that doesn't compromise for comfort and functionality for everyday busy lives.
A home styled by Simply Staging by Sara invites buyers into your home creating a lifestyle that buyers will be experiencing. Although we can't change a homes location, we highlight all the best features of your home. Staging your home will increase your chances of buyers experiencing an emotional connection to your home and getting it sold for top dollar!
Xavier Design Group is a Riverside Based modern creative design studio. We specialize in all aspects of residential design, including new construction, complete home renovations, room additions and interior alterations. Designing and building home can be a complicated process, with many design options. Our objective is to make it less complicated, while presenting you with creative solutions that you might never have considered.
At its highest and best, an interior conveys a visual narrative about the life and interests of its owners. At Willetts Design & Associates we are earnest in helping clients realize their deeply-held vision of home, creating spaces that are not only aesthetically pleasing, tactile and welcoming but also effortless in their sense of ease. Whether you prefer modern comfort or timeless tradition, the Willetts Design & Associates team innovates creative, original solutions. Do you envision a private sanctuary, comfortable shelter, gathering place for family and friends or all the above? The firm deftly synthesizes sound design principles with physical and budgetary parameters to create something more. Blending the beautiful with the practical, we combine fine design and craftsmanship with harmony, color, scale and proportion. Willetts Design & Associates is a full-service interior design firm offering everything from complete interior design services and architectural specifications to art consulting and curation. While we specialize in custom residences, our team is available to work on commercial projects. Willetts Design & Associates has completed projects across the country, including Los Angeles, Chicago, Seattle, Canada and the Palm Springs area. We help shape the place where our clients' aspirations come to life. And in so doing, their homes embrace and protect, complement and enrich their day to day experience.
Reach out to multiple professionals — especially for larger projects — and don't settle for the first bid you hear. Comparing multiple Beaumont, CA professionals' bids and experiences can help you find the one that's best for you. Ask a lot of questions now, so you won't have unexpected answers later.
Find a home design professional on Houzz. Narrow down your search by type of professional and location. Browse Beaumont, CA portfolio photos, read client reviews and contact each Beaumont, CA professional for more information. Check out the information in the specialized professional sections too for tips on how to hire the right professional for your project.


Under Goods and Services Tax (GST) regime, every taxpayer would be assigned a compliance rating based on the compliance record.
While, the GST law does not prescribe the parameters as yet, regularity in uploading the invoices, filing of returns and taxes may be the main criterion for rating the taxpayers. The ratings will be updated at periodic intervals and also will be put up in the public domain on the GST Network (GSTN) website as tax authorities intend to build peer pressure among tax payers to ensure compliance.
The rating system holds significance more so for taxpayers making zero rated supplies as will be granted only if compliance rating of supplier is not less than a particular score.
The SME sector will need to be vary of the fact that the large players would be watching the vendor's compliance rating as they would want a seamless input credit system to work for them.


No one wants to get caught up in a mortgage fraud scandal as the buyer or seller of the home. If you lie on any part of your application, this is considered mortgage fraud. This should be avoided at all costs. However, there are other types of mortgage fraud as well. During the home buying process, you are working with various types of real estate and financial professionals. There are many ways that they could be using deceptive practices. This is a guide to avoid it.
They should get previous business professionals contact information who has worked in real estate or with mortgages professionals. This will help people avoid dealing with the wrong people. Also, it is important to make sure the professional you work with is licensed. It is also important for sellers to comprehend everything that they sign. Hire a lawyer if something is not clear. Also, it is important to not sign anything with information left blank. This means someone could fill in the blank part however they want and that could be a trap. It is important for sellers to be firm about their asking price. Sellers should not agree to an amount above your asking price. This could lead to mortgage fraud. This extra important if you are asked to make up the difference after the property closed. You should also deny in extra money for 'repairs' or anything of that nature. This could lead you to fraud. It is also important to be careful of proposals that claim will save you from foreclosure. The seller could end up paying thousands of dollars and end up losing their home. It is a better idea to work with a good, reputable lender that will give you the whole set of closing documents.
Homebuyers should look out for "no money down" offers. This is a red flag for sure. It is important to review the sales history of the property you would like to purchase. Also, it is important to have your own real estate professional or appraiser determine the value of the home you would like to purchase. It is important to make sure the seller really owns the property. There are scams like this that happen so it is best to take caution. Also, do not give any personal information to someone claiming they are going to purchase a house for you in their name. This would be a bad move that good lead to legal problems for years to come. Just like sellers, buyers need to understand everything that they sign during the home buying process. Do not sign anything you do not understand. If there is any lack of understanding, hire a lawyer to assist you. As mentioned before, do not sign any forms with information left blank or that may contain incorrect information. Many times a broker will try to overstate the homebuyer's income in hopes of making more money for themselves. You should always deal directly with whoever you are borrowing money from so there are no discrepancies. Every homebuyer should have the complete set of the closing documents. This will contain all the information they need and protect themselves against fraud.


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Specialized page human rights
Army medic Major offers free treatment to thousands...
Da Nang: Men's Pioneers Clubs shown success in...
Vietnam's proposal to strengthen women's empowerment...
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Amidst COVID-19 challenges, Vietnam ensuring...
National Assembly issues Resolution on Vietnam's...
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The power of women peacebuilders upheld
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Vietnam seeks ways to promotes safe, orderly,...
Survivors of sexual assault: "But who should...
The reason behind victim blaming
Maternal care: The role of husbands
Hacker once jailed by US now hired by Vietnam's...
Nutrition in school meals should be paid special...
What is gaslighting?
Motivating factors of hate crimes
Clues to recognizing child abuse
Tag: Ho Chi Minh City
Public feedback welcomed on building a strong and transparent...
Ho Chi Minh city has taken the lead in collecting public feedback to build a strong...
HCM City aims to raise USD 5.9 million during month for...
In "Month for the poor 2020" , Ho Chi Minh city expects to raise nearly VND 137...
HCM City seeks ways to enhance support for gender-based...
About 100 doctors, nurses, social workers, and experts from local hospitals, domestic...
HCM City contributes to promote gender equality and to...
As many as 50 delegates from Ho Chi Minh City's District 10 have took part in a...
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Forum inspires and increases networking opportunities for...
BridgeFest 2020: "Bridging the Gap" Music Festival held...
Ministry striking for fair education and poverty reduction
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ILO, Viet Nam celebrate their century-long path of fighting...
Talk Vietnam: Eliminating violence against woman and children...
Bullying terminology you might want to know
Maximum efforts to support residents hit by recent storms...
Programme reduces poverty in ethnic minority areas
Darcy Lockman, author of All the Rage: Mothers, Fathers, and the Myth of Equal Partnership...
Euthanasia - A Right to Die with Dignity
Assisted dying can encompass what's been called "physician-assisted death," wherein...
Si Ma Cai and the journey of getting out of poverty
As one of the three poorest districts in Lao Cai Province, Si Ma Cai has made a...
Vietnam's PM urges putting interests of people at core...
The General Assembly of the United Nations is holding a special session on COVID-19...
Vietnam Red Cross Society provides emergency assistance...
To help people in flooded areas overcome difficulties, the Vietnam Red Cross Society...
International Migrants Day
people with mental disorders
Charity Cycle Adventure
Convention on the Rights of the Child
sexually harassment
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Copyright © 2018 CPI - All Rights Reserved.


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'Shark Tank' star Barbara Corcoran reveals when it's time to quit your job and start your own business
Joe Avella and Richard Feloni
Jan. 6, 2017, 9:37 AM
Facebook Icon The letter F. LinkedIn icon The word "in". Fliboard icon A stylized letter F. Twitter icon A stylized bird with an open mouth, tweeting. Email icon An envelope. It indicates the ability to send an email. Link icon An image of a chain link. It symobilizes a website link url.
"Shark Tank" co-host Barbara Corcoran took a big risk quitting her waitressing job in New Jersey to become a real estate broker in New York City. She had no money or connections, but her gut told her to go, so she did. This is the philosophy that has made her a huge success.
Follow BI Video: On Twitter.
What El Chapo is really like, according to the wife of one his closest henchman
How Area 51 became the center of alien conspiracy theories
This is the shortest route for a road trip across the US to see 50 national landmarks
Jeff Bezos is worth over $160 billion — here's how the world's richest man makes and spends his money
The US women's national team dominates soccer, but here's why the US men's team sucks
Anheuser-Busch's CMO on what many companies get wrong when it comes to being purpose-driven


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HomeFeatures10 Grateful Dead Songs Covered By Bluegrass, Country and Americana Artists
10 Grateful Dead Songs Covered By Bluegrass, Country and Americana Artists
April 22, 2020 Martin Johnson Features 4
The Grateful Dead have many claims to fame, from being at the heart of the development of psychedelic rock in San Francisco and paving the way for the Summer Of Love in 1967, to being the giant touring machine of the '80s and '90s setting attendance records at major stadia across America. They also just happened to have one of the best songwriting partnerships of modern times in guitarist Jerry Garcia and lyricist Robert Hunter. Those who have more than a passing interest also know that with their albums 'Workingman's Dead' and 'American Beauty' they contributed to the development of country-rock.
Those with an even deeper knowledge will know that Jerry Garcia and Robert Hunter were very active in the Bay Area folk scene of the early '60s giving them an opportunity to develop a knowledge of American folk traditions including early blues, jug band, bluegrass and country music. Jerry Garcia himself was a prime mover in the '70s resurgence of bluegrass popularity with his group Old And In The Way.
This depth of understanding of roots Americana music comes through in their songwriting from all phases of their long career. From their popularity in the '70s and '80s their songs seeped into the consciousness of some of the now leading lights in Americana such as Ryan Adams. The ten tracks below are a smorgasbord of artists that shows the breadth of influence the Grateful Dead have had and the quality of Garcia and Hunter's songwriting.
'Standing On The Moon' (2020) Molly Tuttle is the only female guitarist to win the International Bluegrass Music Association's Guitar Player Of The Year Award which she did in 2018. As a native of San Francisco the songwriter, banjo player and guitarist is well aware of the Grateful Dead's legacy. Here she gives a solo performance of her favourite Grateful Dead track from their 1989 album 'Built To Last'.
'Ripple' (2000) The Grateful Dead and The Band were contemporaries and over the years both groups of musicians have recorded each other's compositions. Here Band bassist Rick Danko covers one of the Grateful Dead's most delicate and subtle songs from their 1970 'American Beauty' album in his own inimitable way on his 'Times Like These' album. While his voice is showing signs of wear and abuse he still manages a heartfelt version due to his innate musicality.
'Friend Of The Devil' (1991) Lyle Lovett first covered this classic Grateful Dead song from the 'American Beauty' album on the various artists Grateful Dead covers album 'Deadicated' . He has continued to play this outlaw ballad live over the years though at a slower pace than the origin Grateful Dead version.
'Black Muddy River' (1996) The Waterson's always knew a good tune when they heard one and Norma Waterson recorded this version of the final track from the Grateful Dead's 1987 album 'In The Dark'. Backing musicians include daughter Eliza Carthy, husband Martin Carthy, Danny Thompson and Richard Thompson. It is the lead track on Norma's self-titled album which included songs by then-contemporary writers.
'Alabama Getaway' (2010) With his brother Jim, mandolinist and singer Jesse McReynolds was one half of legendary bluegrass group Jim and Jesse. The young Jerry Garcia used to travel the country following bluegrass acts and one of his favourites was Jim and Jesse. When Jesse recorded 'Songs Of The Grateful Dead' at the suggestion of his wife with friends including David Nelson, Buck White and Sandy Rothman, it brought the wheel full circle and you can just imagine Jerry beaming with pride at the performances. The original track is from the Grateful Dead 1980 album 'Go To Heaven'.
'China Doll' (2020) Billy Strings is the latest in a long line of young hotshot bluegrass musicians with his stage name a reference to his virtuosity on all stringed instruments. He covers a number of Grateful Dead songs in his live performances but his version of 'China Doll', originally called 'The Suicide Song', from the 1974 Grateful Dead album 'From The Mars Hotel' shows he can deliver emotion as well as virtuosity.
'Wharf Rat' (2014) Ryan Adams recorded this track for MyMusicRx, which is a service that brings music to hospitalised children with cancer. This song appeared on the 1971 Grateful Dead live album 'Grateful Dead' and was never released in a studio version. Ryan has worked live with Phil Lesh. bassist with the Grateful Dead, over the years.
'Ramble On Rose' (2020) Wynonna Judd continues her move to an edgier more country rock, blues and soul sound on her cover of this Grateful Dead track from their 1972 live album 'Europe '72'. She is accompanied by Bob Weir, Grateful Dead rhythm guitarist and vocalist, on backing vocals for added authenticity.
'Tennessee Jed' (2009) Levon Helm won the inaugural Grammy Award for Best Americana Album in 2010 for his 'Electric Dirt' album that included this Grateful Dead song from 'Europe '72'. Here, Levon gives it a New Orlean's beat recalling the glory days of The Band.
'Stella Blue' (2006) While 'Songbird' is a 2006 Willie Nelson album he has referred to it as "the Ryan Adams' project" as Ryan produced the album, selected the songs and his backing band, The Cardinals, provided the music. 'Stella Blue' first appeared on the Grateful Dead's 'Wake Of The Flood' in 1973 and echoes the Great American Songbook.
Molly Tuttle
About Martin Johnson	85 Articles
I've been a music obsessive for more years than I care to admit to. Part of my enjoyment from music comes from discovering new sounds and artists while continuing to explore the roots of American 20th century music that has impacted the whole of world culture.
Watch Willie Nelson and sons perform on Colbert
Black Deer 2020 is cancelled – but back next year!
Matt Hill Songwriter says:
Great article. I love the Dead and I hadn't heard most of these before. Elvis Costello has covered friend of the Devil with Jim Lauderdale. I would add this one – Kurt Vile and j. Mascis doing Box of rain
Martin Johnson says:
Thanks for your input Matt. I agree with your view of Jim Lauderdale who had a live only Dead covers project, American Beauty, for years. I've also lost count of the co-writes he has with Bob Hunter. A bit of trivia, I read somewhere that Elvis Costello saw the Dead at Bickershaw in 1972 which wasn't far from his then Liverpool home. I think the Dead's songbook will have legs over the generations of musicians to come. I was lucky enough to see them in 1974 in London. Keep on trucking'.
Great selection. Personally I don't think there is a better cover of Black Muddy River than Greg Allman's which is an incredibly poignant version of the song. I'm also not sure that some songs can be bettered than the original such as China Doll. Grateful Dead are one of the best bands I saw live, I would put them in my Top 5 gigs!
I agree Gregg's version is special as is all of 'Southern Blood' given the circumstances of its recording. Also this song shows they could still write classics even towards the end. On a good night there was probably no band that could touch them. China Doll was made for Garcia's fragile vocals and very hard for anyone to better it. Hopefully their songbook will keep memories alive.


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Home/Terminology
Terminologyzhaoweiwen2017-11-07T07:07:34+00:00
Blind Via
A via that starts on a surface layer, but does not continue all the way through the board. Typically a blind via descends 1 layer, down to the next copper layer.
Buried Via
A via that starts on one internal layer and ends on another internal layer, but does not reach a surface copper layer.
A rigid laminate (often FR-4) with copper foil on both sides.
Double-Sided Board
A board that has 2 copper layers, one on either side of an insulating core. All holes are through holes, that is they pass all the way from one side of the board to the other.
Fine Line Features and Clearances
Tracks/clearances down to 100µm (0.1mm or 4mil) are considered standard for PCB fabrication today, the current technology limit available in component packaging is around 10µm.
High Density Interconnect (HDI)
High Density Interconnect technology, a PCB that has a higher wiring density per unit area than a conventional PCB. This is achieved using fine line features and clearances, microvias, buried vias, and sequential lamination technologies. This name is also used as an alternative to Sequential layer Build-Up (SBU).
Microvia
Defined as a via that has a hole diameter smaller than 6 mils (150µm). Microvias can be photo imaged, mechanically drilled, or laser drilled. Laser drilled microvias are an essential High Density Interconnect (HDI) technology, as they allow vias to be placed within a component pad, and when used as part of a build-up fabrication process, allow signal layer transitions without the need for short tracks (referred to as via stubs), greatly reducing via-induced signal integrity issues.
Multilayer Board
A board that has multiple copper layers, ranging from 4 to over 30. A multilayer board can be fabricated in different ways:
As a set of thin, double-sided boards that are stacked (separated by prepreg) and laminated into a single structure under heat and pressure. In this type of multilayer board the holes can be all the way through the board (through-hole), blind, or buried. Note that only specific layers can be mechanically drilled to create the buried vias, as they are simply through holes drilled in the thin double-sided boards before the lamination process.
Alternatively, a multilayer board is fabricated as just described, and then additional layers are laminated onto either side. This approach is used when the design demands the use of microvias, embedded components, or rigid-flex technology.
Prepreg
A glass-fiber cloth, impregnated with thermosetting epoxy (resin+hardener) which is only partially cured.
Sequential Lamination
The name given to the technique of creating a multilayer PCB which includes mechanically drilled buried vias (drilled in the thin, double-sided boards prior to final lamination).
Sequential layer Build-Up (SBU)
Starts as a core (double-sided, or an insulator), with conductive and dielectric layers formed one after the other (using multiple pressure passes), on both sides of the board. This technology also allows blind vias to be created during the build-up process, and discrete or formed components to be embedded. Also referred to as High Density Interconnect (HDI) technology.
Surface Laminar Circuit (SLC)
Starts as a multilayer core, with build-up layers added on either side (typically 1 to 4). The common notation used to describe the finished board is Build-up copper layers + Core copper layers + Build-up copper layers. For example, 2+4+2 describes a board with a 4 layer core, with 2 layers laminated on either side (also written as 2-4-2). This technology allows blind vias to be created during the build-up process, and discrete or formed components to be embedded.
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Selogiri is een bestuurslaag in het regentschap Kebumen van de provincie Midden-Java, Indonesië. Selogiri telt 4416 inwoners (volkstelling 2010).

Plaats in Midden-Java


Reports today are claiming that Pep Guardiola is set to stay at Manchester City for the next four years.
The Spaniard was linked last week with a move to Juventus this summer when an Italian journalist claimed Guardiola was being lined up to replace Massimiliano Allegri at the Serie A side.
However, the Daily Telegraph claims he has told 'friends' he is ready to stay at the Etihad for the foreseeable future.
Guardiola himself has publicly ruled out a move away from Manchester City in the short-terms.
Allegri is being linked with the Real Madrid job which is expected to become vacant with the expected sacking of Santi Solari this summer. The Italian has won the Serie A title in each of his four seasons in charge at Juve and a fifth looks nailed on. The weekend's results have left Juve a massive 18 points clear of second-placed Napoli at the top of the table with 24 wins, three draws and no defeats so far. The feeling is that unless he can add a Champions League triumph to that he has done all he can do – at least domestically – and will look for a new challenge with Madrid.
But Guardiola's resolve may be tested by events off the field. City's finances are being investigated by both the Premier League and Uefa and a breach of Financial Fair Play regulations could result in a one-year ban from the Champions League. Fifa are also investigating City over the alleged recruitment of players under the age of 18 in breach of rules regarding child trafficking. That could result in a two-window transfer ban similar to that recently imposed on Chelsea.


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Water Fountain Usage at UCLA - UCLA Institute of the Environment
2010 Drinking Fountain ART Team Team Leaders: Anna Huang Allison Loevner Team Members: Ricky Bates Emily Feeley Casey Goepel Jasmine Shah Stakeholder: Nurit Katz Betta Dawson
[WATER FOUNTAIN USAGE AT UCLA]
Assessing the use of drinking fountains on the UCLA campus and ways in which usage can be increased through the process of mapping, maintenance, and overall education and awareness
Drinking Fountain ART Team Education for Sustainable Living Program University of California Los Angeles
I. Executive Summary……………………………………………………………….…..3 II. Overview……………………………………………………………………………....……4 III. Project Goals and Objectives…………………………………………….………5 IV. Significance & Background……………………………………………….……...6 V. Initial Conditions……………………………………………………….………….…..7 VI. Research Methodology………………………………………………….…………..8 VII. Data Analysis & Key Findings……..………………………………….………….9 VIII. Recommendations………..…………………………………………………………..11 IX. Conclusion…..…………………………………………………………………………….14 X. References……..…………………………………………………………………………..15 XI. Appendix…..……………………………………………………………………………….16 a. Drinking Fountain Survey b. Water Bottle Canteen Logo c. Taste Test Flyer d. WeTAP Mapping Data e. Map of Accessible Fountains f. Tapped Screening Flyer
Despite its usefulness, plastics have led to the habit and reliance on one‐time use,
disposable products including the common usage of plastic water bottles. Derived from petroleum and other chemicals (Food and Water Watch), plastics are not easily decomposable or degradable. About 1/3 of US landfills are composed of plastics and these plastics remain there indefinitely because of the inability to break down (Tapped). Plastic water bottles are one of the main culprits of plastic pollution, an increasing threat to the earth's environment. A much better and more sustainable alternative to plastic bottles is drinking and refilling at a water fountain with a reusable water bottle, but there is a common misconception that tap water is unhealthy or unclean. Over the past two quarters, the Drinking Fountain Action Research Team tackled the plastic water bottle issue from a two‐pronged approach: first, to increase maintenance efforts on existing water fountains, and second, to educate the UCLA community about the environmental benefits and effects of tap water. The overall objective was to make drinking water habits more sustainable, thus decreasing our dependence on plastic bottles. Our actions and research included surveying the UCLA population, administering a tap water and bottled water taste test, mapping drinking fountains across campus, learning more about LA municipal water quality, and educating other students through the distribution of promotional water canteens and the screening of a documentary. As a result, we concluded that students would be more willing to use drinking fountains on campus if the students were more informed about the safety and quality of the water and if the fountains were better maintained; there would be less of a stigma surrounding the use of drinking fountains and tap water in general. For the future, several actions can be implemented to improve the drinking fountains on campus including but not limited to the following: maintain a consistent upkeep of drinking fountains to ensure cleanliness and accessibility, post visible signs to point people to where the nearest drinking fountains are, and finally, install more goosenecks in existing water fountains to encourage students to refill reusable water bottles.
Overview There are significant environmental and sustainability issues related to the recent boom in
bottled water consumption. This year in the United States alone, more than 25 billion water bottles will be consumed and an estimated 80% of these bottles will end up in landfills, litter our beaches, or pollute our oceans (Container Recycling Institute ). Additionally, the production of a single water bottle uses more than five times the amount of water contained in the bottle itself (Food and Water Watch). The pollution caused by such mass consumption is inevitable and unavoidable. Therefore, drinking bottled water not only creates trash and pollution, but also maintains unsustainable and wasteful practices. There has long been a stigma attached to the usage of public water fountains and tap water, sparked by rumors of poor water quality (Tapped). This fear of tap water extends to UCLA, and plays a large role in the lack of drinking fountains being used on campus. Many members of the UCLA community buy one‐time use plastic water bottles instead of using the abundant amount of water fountains throughout campus. Our survey results indicate that 103 out of 378 respondants purchase disposable water bottles due to concerns about the cleanliness of the water and 68 respondants are concerned with the health effects they fear from tap water. Without much information available about the benefits of drinking tap water, informed decisions are difficult to make.
Project Goals and Objectives The Drinking Fountain Action Research Team focused on making drinking water habits
at UCLA more sustainable. Plastic is one of the major pollutants related to past, current, and future environmental problems. One‐time use plastic water bottles comprise a majority of the plastics being stored in land fills and polluting our oceans (Tapped). Drinking fountains on campus do not seem to be widely accepted, so in our goals to promote the use of tap water on campus we realized that a a comprehensive mapping system of the drinking fountains would help us understand how many fountains there are and which fountains are the best for students to utilize. Upon completion of the mapping, we shifted our focus towards an outreach campaign with which we educated students on how to decrease their dependency on single use water bottles, which saves them money and helps the environment. The overall goal of this project was to promote sustainability by building confidence in the water infrastructure system already existing at UCLA. We explored the issues regarding tap water use at UCLA while working to increase student awareness of the environmental, financial, and health benefits obtained from using drinking fountains. Most people drink bottled water as a matter of convenience. Convenience however is a perception created by the bottled water industry. The millions of Americans who consume the billions of water bottles do not always consider the inconveniences associated with purchasing them. Purchasing bottled water on a daily basis can become extremely expensive especially when compared with the free, clean, and sustainable water that is readily available. According to Food and Water Watch, the minimum price of bottled water is $0.89 per gallon while tap water costs nearly 10,000 times less at approximately $.002 per gallon (Food and Water Watch). By rating and mapping the available public water fountains, we moved closer to our goals of shifting this perception of convenience towards a more informed and sustainable mindset. As a result of our group's water fountain mapping and educational efforts, we hope to see future years in which 25 billion less water
bottles are being wasted and instead 25 billion more water fountain visits are made. We hope that our sustainability efforts promoted at UCLA have long‐term impacts, not only on individuals' awareness, but also in regards to fostering a more sustainable lifestyle and, by extension, a more sustainable planet.
IV. Significance and Background Unfortunately, as abovementioned, there has long been a stigma attached to tap water; people view it as dirty and unsafe, while bottled water is thought of as clean, pure and healthy. This trepidation towards tap water made the goals of our group all the more difficult to accomplish, as we had to both educate the campus about the perils of bottled water and convince students that the drinking fountains throughout campus are hygienic. With 86% of plastic water bottles ending up in landfills (Take Back The Tap Report, p. 3), the need to educate the UCLA community about the use of tap water became imperative. Bottled water has always been advertised as "clean and wholesome"—as the healthy option in a world of unhealthy choices (Tapped). The bottled water industry has made billions of dollars through strategic ad campaigns, labeling bottled water as "pure", "refreshing", even "smart," (Tapped). In comparison, tap water seems unclean and cheap. On a campus as large as UCLA, many drinking fountains are neglected and do not get much use, due in part to the fact that the drinking fountains are dirty and need better upkeep. The apparent main reason that drinking fountains are not used at UCLA, however, is that students do not know where the best fountains are and many do not own reusable canteens (please see key findings and data analysis for further information). When students have no convenient access to free water, they opt instead to pay for water in plastic bottles. The lack of proper drinking fountains on campus maps makes it much more difficult for students to find them when they are in a rush, and so they buy water instead.
Initial Conditions In the larger efforts to make the UCLA campus more sustainable, the initial conditions of
our project were rooted in an overall goal to reduce throw‐away plastic water bottle consumptions and promote the use of drinking fountains on campus. To do this, we first had to make sure that the fountains were physically and geographically located so that we could direct the proper people where to go to maintain the fountains. Originally, our campus had numerous inoperable or unclean water fountains and no means of locating the functional ones, therefore making maintanence much more difficult. This provided us with an opportunity to locate and map out all of the water fountains on campus such that UCLA Facilities can maintain them. As our research unfolded we realized how much of an uninformed and biased perspective students upheld. There were very few people who understood the potential health risks associated with plastic bottle use. Additionally, few people considered how many bottles they used, where the bottles were disposed of, and the overall environmental degradation their plastic bottle use caused. We planned to better inform this uninformed population by screening the educational documentary Tapped, which divulged the health and environmental risks, as well as the ethical and economical issues, that accompany the bottled water industry (Tapped). Furthermore, although the residence halls have started to give incoming students reusable water bottles, there still appeared to be many students who did not have a reusable water bottle. We planned on distributing reusable bottles to these students to better facilitate the use of our water fountains. Initially, most students were biased towards bottled water thinking it tasted better and that is was more regulated and safer. To change this misconception we planned bottled water vs. tap water taste tests. With access to such a large and intelligent student body, our group had the potential to make a substantial impact on the perspectives and habits of the UCLA community.
Research Methodology We spent most of winter quarter using a Google Android participatory smartphone to map
water fountains on campus through the WeTAP application. Each fountain submitted to the WeTAP database included questions on taste, appearance, accessibility, and location; we also took pictures of each individual water fountain we visited. Our group divided the UCLA campus into 3 sections—north, south, and central—and mapped buildings that fell within each member's respective area. In addition to the WeTAP phone application, our team also manually wrote down the details of the drinking fountains due to technical difficulties with the phone and inconsistency of the GPS system. We were not able to get the accurate latitude and longitude coordinates of each water fountain on campus. Some data for the fountains overlapped, and others were placed at the wrong location altogether. Therefore we could not really use the data that was only collected from the phone. As we moved into Spring Quarter, we branched off into individual projects; we still attempted to use the data we had collected to help us place water fountains on the maps of buildings on campus. We swept through campus looking for broken water fountains, so we could report them to facilities. We found that there were 26 broken water fountains on campus and we made sure to forward the list of these fountains to the Facilities department. For the most part, we focused on more education‐based projects during Spring Quarter. Our research consisted of conducting a survey we created to get a sense of the water usage practices on campus as well as a campus‐wide blind taste test of bottled water versus tap water. The blind taste test implemented in the beginning of the quarter by USAC's General Representative 3 committee resulted in favor of tap water (out of 269 participants, 151 properly identified and preferred tap over bottled water). With these results, along with the results of our survey, we decided that the best way to reach students and educate them on the importance of tap water use would be to provide
them with complimentary reusable canteens and a map that locates several of the best, most accessible fountains on campus. This education campaign does not fall under the realm of research methodology, but our previous research methodologies led us to conclude that a methodology based in education was the best route to follow.
VII. Data Analysis and Key Findings Survey Results
The purpose of our survey was to gage the stigma and reasons behind the infrequent use of
drinking fountains on campus. Out of a total of 378 responses, our research findings dictate that a significant proportion of students surveyed would increase their drinking fountain use based on certain factors. These factors and the proportions of responses are listed below.       
More accessible/increased # of fountains Chilled water Filtered water Gooseneck attachments Cleanliness of fountains Map/better signage of fountain locations on campus Increased information about tap water
57.4% (217/378) 60.1% (227/378) 69.6% (263/378) 57.1% (216/378) 72.8% (275/378) 23.7% (90/378) 21.7% (82/3678)
From the 378 survey responses received, it can be observed that 73% of the responses claimed cleanliness of a fountain as the top reason in which students would choose to use a fountain. In addition, students would also like to see filtered water fountains with goose necks that would allow for easier refilling of water bottles. We found that UCLA students and faculty are still relatively uninformed about the quality of tap water, as 44.7% of responses stated that "compared to bottled water, drinking fountain water is of lower quality", when in fact, most bottled water sources come from municipal sources. Overall, the survey showed that there is an interest among the UCLA campus to reduce the use of plastic water bottles, but the convenience of purchasing one‐time use water bottles and the nuisance of carrying a heavier reusable water bottle still deter many people
from using water fountains. Given these circumstances, major upgrades to campus water fountains and increased education among the student and faculty population can make frequent use of water fountains possible. One major upgrade to the fountains would be the installment of gooseneck attachments, which appeared to be an overwhelming incentive for people to drink tap water on campus. Accordingly, we looked into data on goosenecks and how much they would cost. After talking to the Haws Corporation, the major supplier of our water fountains on campus, we found that the cost of a gooseneck is $110 (HawsCo Faucet Valves). We also looked into hydration stations, which are hands‐ free water stations that could be either free‐standing or surface‐mounted to a wall; there is currently one in the John Wooden Center. The pricing for these hydration stations, also from Haws, is $1900‐$2000 (HawsCo Hydration Station). It would be beneficial to sustainability of the UCLA campus to add goosenecks to at least one water fountain in the approximately 40‐50 buildings on campus.
Taste Test
In junction with USAC General Representative 3 Committee, the taste test between bottled
water vs. tap water proved to be successful in the sense that a majority of the participants could not distinctly identify as to which sample was bottled water and which was tap water. In the initial taste test event, 151 participants preferred tap water over the 118 participants who chose bottled, resulting in 56% of total participants, making it a majority choice. This shows that without the packaging and marketing of bottled water, people would not necessarily prefer bottled over tap and would not discredit tap water as low‐quality or unpleasant.
Mapping of Water Fountains
From the WeTAP Google phone mapping project during winter quarter, our team
collectively mapped 285 distinct water fountains around the UCLA campus (not including the dorm
area). Overall, we concluded that there is a reasonable quantity of water fountains located in each building proportional to the building size. Each floor of a building at least had 1 drinking fountain, if not two. Although majority of the fountains mapped were working, some had low trickle or had hidden locations within the building, resulting in lower accessibility. Furthermore, we also found 26 individual fountains that were broken and needed repair. These inoperable fountains make up around 9.1% of total fountains mapped.
In our analysis of our mapping data, we found that outdoor fountains are limited— only 7
fountains were located outside, 3 near LATC and 4 in Drake Stadium, 2 of which were broken. At the time of mapping, the 3 near LATC were inoperable due to the blockage of leaves over the drain. There were no visible drinking fountains near Bruinwalk, or in Bruin Plaza, areas that withstand heavy foot traffic every day. If more visible fountains were installed in central outdoor locations, this would deter some people from buying plastic water bottles within Ackerman union and other campus stores.
We also found that there are very few water bottle refilling stations on campus. Currently,
there are 5 locations that have water stations to refill bottles: Ackerman Union A‐level, Kerchkoff Hall, the North Campus Student Center, LuValle Commons, and the Wooden Center. The normal water fountains on campus do not have goosenecks, which makes refilling water bottles more convenient. Currently, On‐Campus Housing has already retrofitted many drinking fountains on "the hill" with goosenecks. After some research on pricing ($110 for the most basic model) and installation techniques, we found it to be feasible for the campus to adopt the use of goosenecks as well.
VIII. Recommendations We have several recommendations, explained below, for future projects surrounding tap water use on campus:
Continuing Recommendations 
Complete/Accurate Mapping System: o The drinking fountain data collected shows that UCLA's drinking fountains are lacking necessary maintenance procedures. With this in mind, it is imperative that Facilities takes the time to clean and improve the fountains on campus so that people are more inclined to drink tap water as opposed to water from one‐ time use plastic bottles. o With a more complete mapping and tracking system of the campus drinking fountains, Facilities will have clearly marked locations of drinking fountains and therefore they will more easily be able to access and maintain them for general use.  WeTAP Phone Application: o WeTAP only operates on Google Android phones. Work with the WeTAP developers (Betta Dawson, Debra Estrin, Joey Degges, Evelyn Wendell) to make the application available to any and all smartphone brands. o Use Wi‐Fi phone connections to map the fountains instead of GPS since Wi‐Fi is more reliable indoors and will therefore produce more accurate results.  Tap Water Education: o A big concern regarding the use of drinking fountains on campus is whether or not the water is safe to drink. It therefore seems essential to continue to educate the UCLA community on the quality of the water on campus and show that tap water is safe to drink. o Put facts up around campus in heavily trafficked areas so that people can learn about the benefits of tap water and reusable canteens while they are walking to their destinations. A strong tool would be to emphasize the economic gains from drinking tap instead of purchasing bottled water. Short‐term recommendations 
Report‐to‐Facilities Stickers: o Place Facilities maintenance stickers near drinking fountains that provide the information on what to do if a fountain is broken o Such stickers can be found in many campus bathrooms informing people of how to contact Facilities to report a leak or a problem with the sinks. With these stickers placed on drinking fountains, people will more easily realize that they can report a problem with a fountain and have it fixed. Floor Plan Labels: o Add labels to floor plan placards located on each floor of every building o People can walk into a building in search of a fountain, look on the map, and head in the right direction Eliminating/Replacing Cups at Water Stations:
The water stations located on the first level in Ackerman, outside of Kerchkoff Coffee Shop, and in the North Campus Student Center all provide plastic or wax‐ paper cups for use at the drinking fountains Through collaboration with ASUCLA, work to eliminate these cups or substitute them with more sustainable products such as plant‐based, compostable, biodegradable cups and/or cups made of recycled material
Long‐term recommendations 
Goosenecks on campus: o With gooseneck attachments, students, faculty and staff can more easily refill their water bottles on campus, which would deter them from purchasing one‐ time use plastic bottles. o With our research into goosenecks, we have found that the cheapest pricing for this product is $110 from the Haws Corporation. o Once the goosenecks are purchased, the next step is to contract the Facilities department to install them on at least one fountain per building on campus.1 Water Quality Testing: o Testing the water quality on campus is a very risky project and may be larger than the scope of a 2‐quarter action research project, but it should still be considered as an important goal in achieving overall tap water usage. It will certainly lead to improvements in the water infrastructure, which would thereby demonstrate the safety of the water and encourage members of the UCLA community to use the campus drinking fountains. Plastic Water Bottle Elimination: o Washington University in St. Louis was the first university to ban bottled water sales in most of the campus (Washington University in…). With a lot of work, UCLA should be able to achieve this as well. Talks with the ASUCLA sales department can help with research into how to eliminate or fundamentally reduce the sales of plastic water bottles on campus. o If an agreement can be made with student representatives as well as with campus officials to provide reusable, BPA free bottles to the UCLA community, the incentive to use tap water will increase.
Using the Haws pricing, installing goosenecks in 40‐50 buildings would result in a cost range from $4400 to $5500. Based on these estimates, it may be best to research cheaper goosenecks if the aim is to install at least one in all buildings. To help subsidize these costs, it may be appropriate to apply for funding from UCLA's TGIF fund and/or any other grants available on campus.
Conclusion Convenient one‐time use plastic water bottles are a relatively new commodity (citation‐
TAPPED?), but through vigorous advertising campaigns and promotions, water bottle companies have made them a ubiquitous product in Western culture, and particularly in America. According to Food and Water Watch, "About 86 percent of the empty plastic water bottles in the United States land in the garbage instead of being recycled," (Food and Water Watch). According to the Clean Air Council, "Americans throw away 2.5 million plastic bottles every hour" (Clean Air Council). These statistics unsurprisingly indicate that "Single Use plastics and disposable plastics are the main source of plastic pollution," (Plastic Pollution Coalition). Given this information, it is clear that the consumption of packaged water is a significant contributor to environmental degradation caused by plastic products. The simplest solution to this problem is to stop purchasing plastic bottles and mobilize people to reclaim tap water. To make UCLA more sustainable in regards to plastic pollution, our research suggests that cleaning and maintaining the campus water fountains, as well as providing easily accessible water bottle refill options, will significantly increase tap water use and reduce the purchase of throw‐away plastic water bottles. Since the dependence on plastic water bottles has emerged from fabricated notions that tap water is unsafe, it will take time for society to "unlearn" this discourse on water. In taking the initial actions to rewrite this discourse within the UCLA community, we hope that our research will contribute to drastic changes in disposable plastic consumption on campus, and that these changes will then be diffuses throughout society to ultimately curb the pollution caused by plastic water bottles.
References "Basic Concepts | Plastic Pollution Coalition." Plastic Pollution Coalition. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Mar. 2010. . "Clean Air Council | Waste Reduction & Recycling Program." Clean Air Council | Protecting everyone's right to breathe clean air!. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Mar. 2010. . Daues, Jessica. " Washington University in St. Louis ends sales of bottled water | Newsroom | Washington University in St. Louis." Newsroom | Washington University in St. Louis. N.p., 20 Feb. 2009. Web. 20 May 2010. . "Drinking Fountain Faucet Valves | Haws Corporation." Drinking Fountains, Eye Wash Stations & Emergency Equipment | Haws Corporation. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2010. . "Facts on Choosing Tap Over Bottled Water ‐ Food & Water Watch Report | Food & Water Watch." Food & Water Watch. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Mar. 2010. . "Hydration Station Models | Haws Corporation." Drinking Fountains, Eye Wash Stations & Emergency Equipment | Haws Corporation. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2010. . "Plastic Facts & Statistics." Container Recycling Institute. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Mar. 2010. . Take Back the Tap. Rep. Food and Water Watch, 2007. Web. 26 Feb. 2010. . Tapped. Dir. Stephanie Soechtig. Perf. Disinformation Films/E1 Entert, 2009. DVD.
a. Drinking Fountain Survey as it appeared on SurveyMonkey
D rinking Fountains and T ap W ater We are conducting a survey to understand the water bottle practices of UCLA's community. We appreciate your time for this survey. When completing this survey, please take into account both your experiences at UCLA and your experiences outside of UCLA. 1. W hat year are you in school? o o o o o o o
Freshman Sophomore Junior Senior 5th Year Senior Faculty Staff
2. W hat is your gender? o o
3. Please rate the following questions based on your view of wate r quality. Compared w/HOME TAP water (from your sink/filtered water pitcher), drinking fountain water is: higher quality
equal quality
lower quality
Compared w/BOTTLED water, drinking fountain water is: higher quality
4. How frequently do you purchase bottled water? o o o o o
every day a few times a week several times a month when no other options are available never
5. If you purchase water bottles, what factors contribute? (C heck all that a pply) □ □ □ □ □ □
Convenience Water cleanliness concerns Health (biological/chemical) concerns Taste No other options are available I don't purchase water bottles
6. If you don't purchase water bottles, or purchase them infrequently, what factors contribute? (check all that apply) □ □ □ □ □ □
Plastic water bottles are expensive Chemical leaching from plastic bottles Environmental concerns (plastic pollution, sustainability, shipment/energy fuel usage, etc) No particular reason, I just don't I'm aware that bottled water is sometimes just packaged tap water I don't drink tap and only purchase water bottles
7. How frequently do you drink U C L A tap water? o o o o o
Every day Several times a week A few times a month Only at a campus eatery (Ackerman, LuValle, Northern Lights, Kerchkoff) Never
8. W hat factors would increase your drinking fountain use? (C heck all that apply) □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □
increased number of fountains (more accessible) chilled water filtered water goose-necks (to easily refill water bottles) cleanliness of fountains a map/better signage of fountain location on campus increased information about tap water Other (please specify)
9. (Please check all that apply) In terms of reusable water bottles... □ □ □ □ □ □
I just don't use one I don't use them because of BPA concern. (BPA is a harmful chemical found in certain plastics) I forget to bring it with me to campus I don't have one due to cost concerns I would use one if UCLA provided one for free or at a reduced cost I use one all the time
10. W ere you aware that tap water is regulated by the EP A and government institutions while bottled water is only monitored by the Food and D rug A dministration, that it takes more water to produce plastic water bottles than it does to fill the water bottles, and that plastic bottles can leach chemicals into the water? o o o o
yes; but it won't change my plastic bottle usage yes; that's why I drink tap water no; but it doesn't change my opinion on purchasing plastic bottles no; now that I do, I will probably drink more tap water
Please leave any other comments/suggestions you may have about the topic of Tap vs. Bottled Water
b. Water Bottle Canteen Logo
c. Taste Test Flyer
d. WeTAP Mapping data
e. Map of Accessible Fountains
f. Tapped Screening Flyer
2010 Drinking Fountain ART Team Team Leaders: Anna Huang Allison Loevner Team Members: Ricky Bates Emily ...