Cork has had a gaming community for many years. The Mouse gaming experience began with your input. We carried out a lot of research and asked a number of gamer friends what they were missing in Cork, what they would like to see, and what we could improve on.
Obviously with our Virginmedia 400mBs broadband speed, there is sufficient speed and bandwidth to satisfy all customers, whether they be playing online games, streaming content or downloading files.
We started with the specialist gaming machines. For these we selected Alienware Aurora R5 desktop gaming PCs. Specs include Intel core i7-6700 processors with 16GB RAM.
These highest spec PCs were installed with Nvidia GeForce GTX950 graphics cards. The GeForce GTX 950 is a true gaming GPU designed for every PC gamer. It transforms the PCs into gaming rigs that match any game console to enjoy fast and responsive MOBA gaming and the latest games in 1080p. Powered by NVIDIA Maxwell™ architecture, this graphics card delivers 3 times the performance of previous-generation cards.
Our next task was to select gaming monitors which could deliver the performance capable of being delivered by these powerhouses. The BenQ 27" LED monitors were selected to enhance your experience offering 2ms reaction speeds, 2560×1440 resolution, low blue light, dark scene visibility and exclusive flicker-free technology to reduce eye strain. Add to this excellence in sound and resolution coupled with height adjustment stand and quality seating to ensure maximum ergonomic comfort. We supply all you will need but you are welcome to bring your own accessories if you prefer.
The final part of the equation was sourcing seats to match the overall quality of the gaming experience. For this we chose the Positura L, a large heavy duty operator chair with deep contoured foams and an ultra ergonomic contoured backrest for the ultimate in comfort. Naturally while providing the most comfortable position, the colour had to match the whole Mouse pallette, and the E051 green was the colour selected upon which would become the now famous Mouse Green.
Consistently updating our titles and supplying the highest speed internet gives us the competitive edge for gaming excellence. Mouse always listens to our customer needs so keep us informed and we will keep on delivering.


text:
@interface KBaseManager : NSObject

+ (instancetype)shared;

@end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
The BBC is pushing boundaries in office interior design. Hannah Booth takes a walk backstage with head of interiors John Dee to find out how it's doing it
By System Administrator July 31, 2003 7:45 am January 30, 2015 11:59 am
If his supporters are to be believed, BBC director-general Greg Dyke has bought a culture of openness, creative risk-taking and 'Just Do It' mentality to the corporation. But not to its buildings. The BBC's offices – environments in which ideas are expected to spark – are at best tatty. At worst, they're hostile and unstimulating, and John Dee's trying to change that.
As BBC head of interiors, Dee is overseeing a major redevelopment of the corporation's sites nationwide. He's also embarking on one of the most ambitious office design projects I've ever seen.
In step with Dyke's cultural revolution, Dee is empowering all staff to design their own spaces. Come the autumn, they will be handed £250 each to use as they want. Bean bags, fish tanks and potted palms are welcome. Model railways, basketball hoops and rabbit hutches may be less so.
If that sounds like professional suicide, the reality could have been riskier still. Dyke, breathless with enthusiasm for the scheme, wanted to hand every aspect of office design over to staff, but Dee convinced him the 'high value' furniture should fall under BBC Property's remit, leaving around 12 per cent of the budget to staff.
Will it work? 'We don't know,' says Dee, who is still finalising details. 'But it should encourage staff to talk to each other.'
This is just one of the BBC's current design schemes. It is about to appoint an architect to create its Music Centre at White City, which, come 2006, will house the BBC Symphony Orchestra, Symphony Chorus, Concert Orchestra and Singers. Foreign Office Architects, Future Systems, Zaha Hadid, MVRDV and Ushida Findlay Architects were shortlisted with one, undisclosed group now out of the running.
According to John Smith, BBC director of finance, property and business affairs, who is chairing the jury, the BBC wants 'a dramatic, iconic building that makes a statement and creates a buzz inside and outside the BBC. We are not afraid to champion a potentially controversial design; indeed, we relish the opportunity [to do so]'.
If the BBC attracts the best broadcasters, writers, actors, artists and technicians, Smith argues, why can't it add architects to that list?
Having Smith behind BBC Property's plans is vital, as he controls the purse-strings, says Dee. 'Property used to fall under Resources, but now sits centrally. [Smith] is our champion,' he says. So too is Dyke. According to Dee, he took time recently to attend a property meeting in Swansea. 'As [Dyke] sees it, our buildings are part of our brand,' Dee says.
But it's not just headlinegrabbing flagship buildings that Dee is addressing. Every provincial radio station is a BBC ambassador, he believes, and they should be seen not just heard.
BBC Property was set up three years ago, headed by director Ian Robertson, to look at the corporation's buildings and use of office space. At present, the latter is inefficient, Dee says. 'Over half our staff are out of their offices at any time,' he says.
Hot-desking isn't the answer, he says. Instead, Dee is deliberately providing staff with less space than they believe they need to encourage a change in working culture.
'When people work on their own, they don't need to be in an office. People here come to work to meet colleagues and brainstorm ideas. And for that, they don't need their own desks,' he says.
The social philanthropist in Dee also drives his workplace design philosophy. 'If the home became a recognised workplace, people would spend less time gridlocked in traffic and more time with their families,' he says.
With meetings and face-to-face working assuming greater importance, interiors will need to reflect this. 'We will need less space in the future and offices will become more domestic-influenced and "dressed-down",' he says.
With this in mind, Dee shows me concrete proof of the BBC's new direction. High up in Television Centre, an Ideo-designed section of office, which opened six weeks ago, glistens white and spacious alongside neighbouring, un-refurbished spaces with stained carpets and dark dividing screens.
The space is exactly where the BBC should be heading, Dee says. It has white desks, bean bags and second-hand furniture, all chosen by staff. Hell, they even look happy.
Next up is the BBC's 'entertaining' suite on the hallowed sixth floor. Amalgam, which redesigned the BBC's newsroom, was appointed last month to remove its corporate-blue seats and sixth-form common room aura.
Elsewhere, Imagination is designing White City's Central Office Building reception, and DEGW is designing the bulk of the latter's interiors (DW 26 June).
It's the public-facing architectural work, of course, that will get the most attention. The BBC's best-loved building, the iconic Art Deco Broadcasting House, is being transformed by MacCormac Jamieson Prichard. And if the Music Centre lives up to its brief, the BBC no doubt hopes it could become the next Sydney Opera House. But to overlook the BBC's interiors would fail the very people whose creative ideas make the corporation tick.
John Dee's CV
1993 Joins BBC, first in Manchester. Moves to London in 1997
Early 1980s After working in various roles in theatre, concluding with five years as technical director of Scottish Opera, joins Yorkshire Television as design manager
31 July 2003 Projects
Rdc-Foley Cooke is Bookbound
Insect's sleeve design
Nick Butler leaves BIB Design Partnership
Portuguese retailer lines up UK groups for spin-off
Prisoners find key to unlock their creative potential

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
2008 Interview with: Golden Goliath Resources Ltd. (GNG-TSXV), President and CEO, J. Paul Sorbara - featuring: their gold and silver potential of an historic mining camp located in the world famous Sierra Madre Occidental Mountains of northwestern Mexico.
Golden Goliath Resources Ltd. (GNG-TSXV)
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Golden Goliath Resources Is Focused On Finding New Resources Of Gold And Silver In The Past Producing Uruachic Mining Camp Located In The Sierra Madre Region Of Northwestern Mexico - Owning An Entire Mining District As Well As The Mining Properties That Go With It 100%, Gives Golden Goliath Resources An Edge In Bringing In Joint Venture Partners
(GNG-TSXV)
Golden Goliath Resources Ltd.
Vancouver BC Canada V6B 1N2
J. Paul Sorbara
Interview conducted by:
Lynn Fosse, Senior Editor
CEOCFOinterviews.com
Published – October 17, 2008
Mr. Sorbara, President of the Company, completed his M.Sc. at the University of Toronto in 1979, studying collapsed caldera structures in Canada's Northwest Territories. Following graduation, he conducted Caldera Reconnaissance Programs for Cominco Ltd. in both British Columbia and the Sierra Madre Occidental range in Northern Mexico, spending a number of years in Cominco's Guadalajara office. Changes in the foreign investment laws made investment in Mexico feasible, and Mr. Sorbara was one of the first Canadians to go there. With help from his numerous Mexican geological contacts, he started his own private Mexican exploration company, Minera Delta S.A. de C.V. which after eight years he took public as Golden Goliath Resources Ltd.
Golden Goliath Resources Ltd. is a junior exploration company listed on the TSX Venture Exchange (symbol GNG). The Company is focused on exploring and developing the gold and silver potential of an historic mining camp located in the world famous Sierra Madre Occidental Mountains of northwestern Mexico. Unlike most juniors, which have an option to earn an interest in a single property or a few scattered properties in various areas or countries, Golden Goliath controls an entire old mining camp, or district, that covers an area of 15 by 25 kilometres, with numerous past producing gold and silver mines dating back to the time of the Spaniards. Golden Goliath's Uruachic claims are owned 100% by the Company and are fully paid for with no property option or purchase payments to make.
CEOCFO: What is the vision at Golden Goliath?
Mr. Sorbara: "The vision of Golden Goliath is to find new recourses of gold and silver in Mexico. We're operating in the Sierra Madre region of northwestern Mexico."
CEOCFO: What do you like about Mexico?
Mr. Sorbara: "In general, Mexico has a very low political risk. Therefore, it's an excellent country to do business in, especially geological exploration and the reason for that is that it's an incredibly rich and under explored country. The Sierra Madre town mountain range stretches across about 800 miles of northwestern Mexico and since the time of the Spaniards, that mountain range has produced about 40 million ounces of gold and approximately 1 billion ounces of silver. Our operation is right in the middle of that trend. We're surrounded by other mines and mining companies that are very active in that region as well. It is probably one of the best areas on the planet to look for gold and silver."
CEOCFO: Please tell us more specifically about your projects?
Mr. Sorbara: "Our project is centered on a little town called Uruachic, which is a mining town that was established in 1736 by two Spaniards searching for gold and silver for the Spanish crown. There are probably around 100 old silver and gold mines that were in operation between 1736 and 1925, about the time of the Mexican revolution, within the Uruachic area. Our main property package covers all of that. It is essentially a 25 by 15 kilometer area. It is a collapsed caldera geological setting, which is very favorable for exploration. It has an incredible history of production and very high grades of silver and gold as well as bi-products of lead and zinc. I was led there because of my background in caldera studies, so I have a very specific reason for being there. Outside of the Uruachic camp, we also have two outlying properties; one is a lead/zinc/silver target that's very similar to two very large mines in northern Mexico. They are lead zinc and silver mines that have produced about 60 million tons of 15% lead zinc with 150 grams of silver. We have another property, which is a silver property just at the edge of the Sierra Madre that we acquired by staking. It has extensive old workings and the dumps attest to significant production, but there are no old records. "
CEOCFO: With so much area to choose from, how do you decide what area to focus on?
Mr. Sorbara: "That's a very good question. I'm trying to do exploration the way the major companies' do it and the way I was trained when I worked for Cominco Limited. We started out with a large area and we conducted surface geological mapping, geochemical and geophysical surveys as well as identifying and starting to investigate, rehabilitate, map and sample the old workings. It took us several years to narrow our focus down to the areas we are currently working. Right now we're drilling in two different areas within the Uruachic camp. It's a big job, a big area, and it takes a lot of time, but we hope the reward will be very large as well."
CEOCFO: Are you finding it difficult to find the people and equipment you need with so much activity in general in the industry?
Mr. Sorbara: "We have in the past. In prior years, we only had about 1-$2 million in the bank and it was very difficult to find good diamond drilling companies in Mexico because other companies had much more money and they were getting all the big contracts for the diamond drills. For several years we were relegated to basically using reverse circulation drills and smaller equipment. About one year ago we did a $6 million financing and that moved us up to the top level of the pack. Since that time, we've been able to attract the good diamond drilling companies and the two drills that we have working there now. They are both diamond drills with excellent crews and excellent recovery. So, it has been a problem in the past but it's not at the moment."
CEOCFO: What are the challenges, if any, that you see going forward?
Mr. Sorbara: "The big challenge right now is not so much the geology or exploration; it's the overall challenge of the marketplace since the time of the crunch a year ago and the mortgage crisis. People have been shell shocked or they are afraid, so they're pulling their money out of the market. The gold and silver prices are extremely good, even though gold has come down $100 in the last month or so. But even so, it's well over $800 and silver's around $16, and those are great prices. For most of my career, which dates back to 1979, the target price we always used for gold and silver were $400 gold and $7.00 silver, and we're more than double that right now. Yet the TSX Venture Exchange index (and we trade on the TSX Venture Exchange under the symbol of GNG) has been declining dramatically for the last year. People are afraid to invest; they're pulling out their cash and sitting on the sidelines, looking. You can put out big results right now, but it doesn't have a lot of effect on the marketplace."
CEOCFO: Maybe not immediate interest but it doesn't mean you are not on peoples' radar screens!
Mr. Sorbara: "Absolutely, and we're just carrying on, waiting for better times to come along."
CEOCFO: What is the plan going forward; please give us a bit of a timetable?
Mr. Sorbara: "We want to do resource calculations for two different areas. We hoped to have it done this year but it may take us until next year. Right now we're trying to source an underground electric drill for one of the tunnels, but our focus is to do these resource calculations and develop a real resource. At that point, you can make a decision. You can try to turn that into a reserve and go into production, or carry on with the exploration. What normally happens these days is junior companies make the discovery, and the big companies buy them out. Our two largest shareholders, and we are proud of this, are Sprott Asset Management from Toronto and the Agnico Eagle Gold Mines also in Toronto. Agnico Eagle owns 14 ½ % of our stock. Mr. Mark Legault is the vice president of the project development for Agnico Eagle Mines, and he is on our Board of Directors. They have their own project called Pinos Altos, which is only about 60 kilometers north of us. We could very likely be a take over candidate for Agnico Eagle, should we come up with the resource that we are seeking."
CEOCFO: Why should investors be interested; what makes Golden Goliath stand out of the crowd?
Mr. Sorbara: "Golden Goliath stands out because instead of just having an individual property or two, we have an entire mining district as well as two other mining properties. We own them all 100% and they're fully paid for. There is a history of production on the properties, so we have a great property package, and we have very strong investors. Everyone who is looking to choose a junior mining or exploration company should do their due-diligence. In our case Sprott Asset Management and Agnico Eagle Gold Mines have essentially done the homework for the investors that don't necessarily have the time to do it themselves. Since Sprott and Agnico both increased their holding in us in our last financing and they had that kind of faith in us, then the small investors should too. We also have a very strong management team made up of geologists, engineers, and business people. We have about $2,600,000 worth of cash in the bank and we have multiple drills turning on the property. We have everything going for us that we need. We're at a great place and it's really just a matter of time before we come up with what we're seeking and the market is receptive."
Any reproduction or further distribution of this article without the express written consent of CEOCFOinterviews.com is prohibited.
"In general, Mexico has a very low political risk. Therefore, it's an excellent country to do business in, especially geological exploration and the reason for that is that it's an incredibly rich and under explored country. The Sierra Madre town mountain range stretches across about 800 miles of northwestern Mexico and since the time of the Spaniards, that mountain range has produced about 40 million ounces of gold and approximately 1 billion ounces of silver. Our operation is right in the middle of that trend. We're surrounded by other mines and mining companies that are very active in that region as well. It is probably one of the best areas on the planet to look for gold and silver." - J. Paul Sorbara
ceocfointerviews.com does not purchase or make
recommendation on stocks based on the interviews published.


Kate Lynn Tandarich is into Christian music and country music and writes and sings her own songs under the name Kate Tandy. You can find some of her songs on YouTube.
The two lines above are telling about where she is in life — at 17 on the cusp between childhood and adulthood. "My songs are usually stories of my life," she said.
She just returned from the National Catholic Youth Conference (NCYC), which saw 23,000 Catholic youths converge on Indianapolis, Ind., Nov. 17-19.
While she was there her vocals were good enough to place her among the finalists at the NCYC Top Talent contest.
For her, the real highlight was the spirituality and meeting with like-minded Catholic teens.
Kate is the second eldest of the six children of Mary Ellen and Greg Tandarich. Her siblings include Michael, 19; Mary Beth, 15 (who attended the NCYC Conference with her); Kelly Ann, 13; Gregory, 11; and Janie, 9.
The family does many things together, which is possible because her father, who is in sales with DuPont, works from home.
Their days start with 7:30 a.m. Mass as a family at their parish, St. Patrick in Kennett Square, and ends with evening rosary with the Chaplet of Divine Mercy somewhere in the middle.
This family togetherness is helped along by the fact that all the children are home-schooled utilizing the Mother of Divine Grace program.
The advantages to being home schooled, Kate believes, is the flexibility of the schedule, and as to disadvantages, "I don't know of any," she said.
Socialization is not a problem, thanks to lots of friends in youth groups, for example, the youth group at nearby St. Joseph Parish in Downingtown, through which she and her sister attended the NCYC Conference.
Personally, she isn't into sports so that is not a problem; for those of her brothers and sisters who like to play sports, there are opportunities to participate in local sports programs, especially soccer.
Kate's own hobbies are photography and reading. Photography, along with music, are two of the options she is considering for a future.
As for reading, she likes Christian romance novels, especially the works of Robin Jones Gunn.
At some point soon she is going to have to decide on a college program. Her brother, Michael, will be heading for Franciscan University of Steubenville in Ohio in January.
Kate may follow him there; she just hasn't fully made up her mind at this point.
Then there is that matter of a career. Kate is a spiritual person who considers faith her top priority. In addition to the daily family devotions, she spends time in private prayer.
With this profile, one might suspect she will enter religious life. Probably not.


We create worksheets for teachers and parents. You'll find affordable, fun, and free products here.
I've been teaching for years and have recently fallen in love with making worksheets. I hope you enjoy my products.
Free Alphabet Letter A Writing Practice.


text:
Picta-it Website. Based upon [sails](https://github.com/balderdashy/sails) framework.

To clone it :
```sh
git clone git@github.com:Picta-it/www.picta-it.com.git
```

To install it :
```sh
# Install client side dependencies
bower install
# Install server side dependencies
npm install
# Updated bootstrap less directory
npm run-script link-css
```


The FBI's Unified Crime Report gathers information from police districts all over the country. As you can see from the chart below, there were 60 property crimes in Havana in 2017, of which 13 were burglaries. But you can avoid becoming a statistic when you make the decision to invest in a home security system.
As of 2017, Havana had a population of 2,988 people, making it Illinois's number 360 largest city. Studies* show that homes with security systems are 3 times less likely to be burglarized than homes without security systems. The smart decision, therefore, is to protect your home with ADT monitored security system.
What Is The Average Loss In A Burglary In Havana, IL?
The average loss in a burglary in the United States is $2,416, based on crime statistics compiled by the FBI. That means the total annual loss for Havana homeowners is a whopping $31,408!


Textile Designer, Titley and Marr was founded in 1984. They believe quality and feel of the product is at the heart of their business.
Every seasonal collection is designed in-house with styles inspired from traditional documents from across the globe, recreating imagery and colourations that suit modern day living environments.
Printed and woven fabrics made of textured yarns, wools, velvets, linens and cotton, combined with a mix of natural colours and rich vibrant hues predominate her collections.
Titley and Marr has always prided itself in manufacturing almost all of their products in the UK – only when specialist techniques are required is the production moved to mills in Europe. Please view our collection on the website library and request samples.
An multi purpose check and stripe available in 9 colourways.
Trained in textile design and worked for many multinational furnishing fabric companies before setting up Titley and Marr in 1984. Has great knowledge of manufacturing textiles in UK and worldwide; specialising in both printed and woven textiles.
You are about to contact Titley & Marr Limited. Please fill in the form below and your enquiry will be sent directly to the supplier's email address.
Your enquiry has been sent successfully to Titley & Marr Limited. You will be contacted by one of their representatives shortly.


This dessert is AMAZING although, for me, these Chocolate Almond Butter Cups were a bit too sweet (my fault, more on that later in the write up). I am fully fat adapted and EVERYTHING is CRAZY SWEET to me. When I do eat anything with added sugar, the sweetness is the first thing I taste. I can even taste the added sugar in hamburger buns!
If you are on a Low Carb High Fat diet and looking for FAT BOMBS to snack on, this is a great one.
I love to cook, and learn new recipes. I also like to tweak recipes a bit, to give them my own little twist. That's exactly what I did with this recipe. If you are interested in the original recipe, you can see it here: (Original Fat Bomb Dessert Recipe).
If you are fully fat adapted then you probably have a sensitivity to the sweetness in things. I know I sure do. This recipe ended up a bit too sweet for me, but that was totally my fault. I was running a little late for a dinner party, so I used a 62% cacao dark chocolate. Next time, I will use a much darker chocolate with less sugar. Another way to improve this recipe would be to use an unsweetened chocolate and add a sweetener. This way you could eliminate virtually all sugar and not have any insulin response to this dessert at all. If you like super sweet things – then follow this recipe exactly. You would still be able to eat a couple of these and stay under your carb count for the day.
The original recipe calls for a semi sweet chocolate chip, which actually has a touch more sugar than the ones I used, so if you are sensistive to the sugars I would suggest you get a darker chocolate.
Approximately 30-45 minutes before serving – remove tray from freezer and let stand at room temperature.
Store left overs (if there are any) in the fridge.
This recipe yielded me 12 Chocolate Almond Butter Cups. I used my muffin pan, and I filled each Muffin Cup almost to the top, so they were quite large. You would be challenged to eat 2 of these in one sitting as they are incredibly filling.
Nutritional Information was calculated manually from ingredient list and may not be 100% accurate. If you are on a VERY strict diet, I would suggest you check my calculations.


Our company is essentially a family business, which includes my brother, father, and mother who execute diverse roles. I qualified from Guildford Technical College with a BTEC Certificate in Construction in 1988. The friends and colleagues that I met at this time and the following few years make up the major part of the workforce. All of the trades are qualified i.e. our electricians are NICEIC approved and our heating engineers are Gas Safe enrolled. This close association of the workforce allows us to jointly share our efforts to achieve excellence.
Adam Doven Construction are builders based in Aldershot, but mainly work in Farnham, Guildford and the surrounding Surrey towns. A substancial amount of our clients are in and around London and the home counties, but our work has also taken us further afield to North West France!


Joe Pigott said scoring the opener against Carlisle on Saturday at Brunton Park was `a great start` to his Gillingham career.
The striker, on loan from Charlton, marked his first start for the club with a goal just before the interval, and the visitors went on to clinch maximum points in a 2-1 win thanks to Cody McDonald's goal in the 88th minute.
Pigott said scoring was a nice feeling but it was more important to get the win.
Speaking after the game he said: "It was a great start, I saw the defender come across and it opened up nicely, I just found a little gap.
"I'm just happy we got the three points as it's a hard place to come.
Joe outlined what goals the team have put in place for the remainder of the season before praising strike partner Cody McDonald for the way he has been playing recently.
He said: "We want to pick up as many points as we can and hopefully that will lead us to safety and then who knows? We are in between play offs and relegation so you never know what is going to happen in this league.
"Cody is a goal scorer as we've seen but to be fair he brings a lot more than that, he is probably one of the most hardworking centre forwards I have played with.


NAKASUTRA- managed by Music EVENT Entertainment is a high-scale Music! Group Company that is highly committed in giving the best of services for any events or productions. It doesn't matter what kind of event you would like to host, the number of artists you would like to bring in or whatever music genre you desire for the occasion, they are no doubt your ultimate choice. Legalized in 2004, MUSicEVENT! Has since been active in various forms of events that ranges from small to big scale events throughout Malaysia and even around the globe. With multiple experience and countless successes to their list, they dare say you should look no further than the best to make your Music! Bash an unforgettable one! From big to small ensembles, and solo artistes from countless variations of Music! Such as 1 Malaysia Music! Traditional Malay, Chinese, Indian, Borneo and even touches of classics from the west including modern and contemporary Music, the choice is yours! Their job is to ensure they give only the best quality and commitment there is for your performances and even for your Musical Productions. Stated below are many of the common events we specialize in Annual Dinners, Corporate Functions, Product Launching, Officiating of events, Special Functions, Weddings, Family Day for Companies/ Organizations or seasonal festive events and, Music Arrangement & Creative Music and many more.


With two of the Miss Caribbean Finalists at the Commonwealth Countries League fair which was held in Kensington on 11th November 2017. The two finalists are wearing my necklaces.
Attended the Luxury Watch Show at the Saatchi Gallery. I was given a £110,000 watch to try on at the Faberge stand. Oops I forget to take a snap with it on my wrist!


text:
HomeReportsHuman Rights Reports...Custom Report - 2c363511fb
a. Freedom of Speech and Press
b. Freedom of Peaceful Assembly and Association
d. Freedom of Movement, Internally Displaced Persons, Protection of Refugees, and Stateless Persons
Note: This report was updated 3/29/17; see Appendix F: Errata for more information.
Iraq is a constitutional parliamentary republic. The outcome of the 2014 parliamentary elections generally met international standards of free and fair elections and led to the peaceful transition of power from former prime minister Nuri al-Maliki to Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi.
Civilian authorities were not always able to maintain effective control of all security forces which include: the regular armed forces and domestic law enforcement bodies; the Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF), a state-sponsored umbrella military organization composed of nearly 60, predominantly Shia components , which report directly to the prime minister; and the Peshmerga–the Iraqi Kurdistan Regional Government's (KRG) principal military force. Prime ministerial decrees on February 22 and July 27, as well as a November 26 parliamentary vote, boycotted by most Sunnis, established prime ministerial authority over the PMF; however at year's end the command and control over the PMF remained inconsistent and ineffective.
Violence continued to divide the country, largely fueled by Da'esh's actions. Violence occurred throughout the year as government forces fought to liberate territory lost to Da'esh, principally in Arab Sunni and some other minority and mixed areas. Armed clashes between Da'esh and government forces caused civilian hardship. At year's end the number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) declined to 3.03 million from a peak of 3.4 million in March. The decrease in IDPs was primarily due to Iraqis returning to their homes after those areas were liberated from Da'esh. The country also accommodated approximately 225,000 Syrian refugees, mostly in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region (IKR). Although donor funding increased, the government's response fell short of rapidly rising humanitarian demands, and displaced populations became destitute, leading some citizens to seek refuge abroad.
Severe human rights problems were widespread. Sectarian hostility, widespread corruption, and lack of transparency at all levels of government and society weakened the government's authority and worsened effective human rights protections. Iraqi Security Forces (ISF), members of the Federal Police, and the Peshmerga committed some human rights violations, and there continued to be reports of PMF killing, torturing, kidnapping, and extorting civilians. Nonetheless, the terrorist organization Da'esh committed the overwhelming majority of serious human rights abuses, including attacks against: civilians, (particularly Shia but also Sunnis who opposed Da'esh); members of other religious and ethnic minorities; women; and children. Observers also reported other significant human rights-related problems: harsh and life-threatening conditions in detention and prison facilities; arbitrary arrest and lengthy pretrial detention, sometimes incommunicado; denial of fair public trial; insufficient judicial institutional capacity; ineffective implementation of civil judicial procedures and remedies; arbitrary interference with privacy and homes; child soldiers; limits on freedom of expression, including press freedoms; violence against and harassment of journalists; undue censorship; social, religious, and political restrictions in academic and cultural matters; limits on freedoms of peaceful assembly and association; limits on religious freedom due to violence by extremist groups; restrictions on freedom of movement; refugee and IDP abuse; both forced IDP returns and preventing IDPs from returning home; discrimination against and societal abuse of women and ethnic, religious, and racial minorities, including exclusion from decision-making roles; trafficking in persons; societal discrimination and violence against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex (LGBTI) persons; seizure of property without due process; and limitations on worker rights.
The government announced investigations into reports of PMF abuses, but results of the investigations or convictions were often not publicly available. Information about government investigations or prosecutions of abuses by officials and members of the security forces was also often not publicly available. The KRG High Committee to Evaluate and Respond to International Reports considered charges of Peshmerga abuse, largely against IDPs, and exculpated them in public reports and commentaries. Impunity effectively existed for government officials, security force personnel, including the Peshmerga, and militias.
Terrorists committed the majority of serious human rights abuses. Da'esh members committed acts of violence on a mass scale, including killings through the use of suicide bombings and improvised explosive devices (IEDs), executions including shootings and public beheadings, as well as use of chemical weapons. They also engaged in kidnapping, rape, enslavement, forced marriage, sexual violence, committing such acts against civilians from a wide variety of religious and ethnic backgrounds, including Shia, Sunni, Kurds, Christians, Yezidis, and members of other religious and ethnic groups. Reports of Da'esh perpetrating gender-based violence, recruiting child soldiers, trafficking in persons, and destroying civilian infrastructure and cultural heritage sites were credible and common. Secretary Kerry stated on March 17 that in his judgment, Da'esh was responsible for genocide against groups in areas under its control, including Yezidis, Christians, and Shia Muslims, and was also responsible for crimes against humanity and ethnic cleansing directed at these same groups and in some cases also against Sunni Muslims, Kurds, and other minorities.
The government investigated some of Da'esh's human rights abuses, and in some instances, results were publicly available. For example, on August 21, the Ministry of Justice announced the conviction, sentencing, and execution of 36 men convicted of involvement in the 2014 Camp Speicher massacre of hundreds of Shia Air Force recruits after trials international observers criticized as unfair.
The constitution broadly provides for the right of free expression that does not violate public order and morality, express support for the banned Ba'ath party, or advocate altering the country's borders through violent means. The main limitation on individual and media exercise of these rights was self-censorship due to credible fear of reprisals by the government, political parties, ethnic and sectarian forces, terrorist and extremist groups, or criminal gangs.
Freedom of Speech and Expression: Despite the constitutional protection for freedom of expression, government and KRG oversight and censorship interfered with media operations, at times resulting in closures of media outlets, restrictions on reporting, and interference with internet service. Individuals were able to criticize the government publicly or privately, but not without fear of reprisal. On April 27, the Iraqi Communications and Media Commission closed the Baghdad offices of al-Jazeera. The station's Baghdad bureau chief reported the government closed the office because it did not approve of al- Jazeera's editorial policies. The bureau chief also said unidentified armed men repeatedly threatened the bureau and its employees.
In April the media provided live coverage of Baghdad demonstrations, including protesters' first breach of the International Zone. When a second breach occurred, local media were quiet, with no live coverage or commentary. According to directors of two satellite channels, they received calls from "officials" telling them that covering the protests exacerbated the situation and asked them to "tone it down."
Press and Media Freedoms: An active media expressed a variety of views largely reflecting the owners' political viewpoints. The media also self-censored to comply with government restrictions against violating public order and because of a fear of reprisal, particularly by nongovernmental forces, but also by political figures. Media outlets, unable to cover operating costs through advertising revenue, overwhelmingly relied upon political funding, which diminished their ability to report unbiased news. Political parties strongly influenced, or controlled outright, most of the several hundred daily and weekly print media publications, as well as dozens of radio and television stations.
On July 13, the parliament introduced legislation on freedom of expression and peaceful demonstrations. NGOs, such as the Iraqi Union for Freedom of Expression, voiced concern about the legislation, specifically, that the law called for a one-year minimum prison sentence for insulting a religious symbol or figure, and required 10 days' notice to the government to obtain a permit for a protest.
International and local organizations reported arrests and harassment of journalists as well as closure of media outlets covering politically sensitive topics, including poor security, corruption, and weak governmental capacity. The deterioration in the security situation exacerbated harassment of journalists. Government and KRG security authorities sometimes prevented journalists from reporting citing security pretexts.
Local and national media extensively covered recurring protests in the South; however, security forces did not always allow coverage. For example, on February 12, security forces prevented a reporter for al-Baghdadiya TV from passing the security cordon to cover a demonstration. They told the reporter their security procedures prevented it.
On April 9, security forces wearing civilian uniforms reportedly attacked a Kurdistan News Network (KNN) cameraman in an Erbil mosque while the KNN crew was covering a protest there. As the cameraman attempted to film the protest, one of the uniformed security force members placed a weapon against the cameraman's head to force him to stop.
In the IKR, government authorities continued to try, convict, and take legal action against journalists, despite a 2008 law that decriminalizes publication-related offenses. According to Kurdistan Journalist Syndicate officials, the 2008 law is the sole basis for prosecution of journalists for publication offense under the regional counterterrorism law, for public morality violations and other crimes.
While in December 2015 the KRG reopened Nalia Radio and Television (NRT) offices that it originally closed in October 2015, Gorran-affiliated KNN offices in Erbil and Dahuk Governorates remained closed because of KRG pressure.
Violence and Harassment: According to a report of the Committee to Protect Journalists, 10 journalists and media workers were killed during the year. Five Iraqi journalists were killed covering the war with Da'esh, four by unknown gunmen, and one in a bombing in Baghdad.
Reporting from Da'esh-controlled areas was increasingly difficult. Journalists covering armed clashes involving government, militia, and Da'esh forces faced serious threats to their safety, with several instances of journalists being killed or injured. Military officials, citing safety considerations, sometimes restricted access of journalists particularly to areas with active fighting, but primarily to outlets not affiliated with the ruling party.
Media workers often reported they were under pressure from persons and institutions, including politicians, government officials, security services, tribal elements, and business leaders, not to publish articles critical of them. Media workers reported accounts of government or partisan violence, intimidation, death threats, and harassment. Mohammed al-Jabari, a correspondent for al-Made Satellite TV in Basrah, said he received a threatening phone call from someone at the Basrah Intelligence Directorate. He said this person was upset because al-Jabari reportedly recorded him talking about the deteriorating security situation with other intelligence officers at the governorate building. Al-Jabari left Basrah because of the threat.
During his coverage of a local teachers' demonstration, one of the security officers guarding the Basrah governor's office verbally harassed and beat al-Sharqiya News Channel correspondent Mazin al-Tayyar when he asked why the demonstration coordinator and another protester were arrested.
In April according to the Journalistic Freedoms Observatory, Sarmad al-Qasim, the editorial manager of the Lex News agency, received death threats for his work reporting government corruption in Diyala Governorate.
Throughout the IKR there were numerous beatings, detentions, and death threats against media workers. In some cases the aggressors wore military or police uniforms. Many attacks targeted independent and former opposition media, mainly the independent NRT; Payama Television, affiliated with the Kurdistan Islamic Group; and the KNN Television, affiliated with the Gorran Party. According to HRW, Wedat Hussein Ali, a Kurdish journalist who security services had previously interrogated, was abducted and later found dead on August 13 (see section 1.a.).
Censorship or Content Restrictions: The law prohibits producing, importing, publishing, or possessing written material, drawings, photographs, or films that violate public integrity or decency. The penalties include fines and imprisonment. Fear of violent retaliation for publishing facts or opinions displeasing to political factions inhibited free expression. Public officials reportedly influenced content through rewarding positive reporting with bribes, providing money, land, access to venues, and other benefits to journalists, particularly to members of the pro-government Journalists' Syndicate. These restrictions extended to privately owned Iraqi television stations operating outside of the country.
In 2013 the Iraqi Kurdistan Parliament passed the Access to Information Law, to provide for access to information for journalists, media outlets, and ordinary citizens. As of September, however, the KRG had not made efforts to implement the law. Moreover, local government, political parties, and officials, regularly discriminated against some media outlets regarding access to information based on party affiliation. For example, in KDP stronghold areas Dahok and Erbil, KDP-affiliated outlets Rudaw and KTV had access to all KRG departments, while in the PUK and Gorran stronghold of Sulaimaniyah, PUK-affiliated outlets such as GK TV and Kurdsat TV received more access to government and party information than other outlets.
All books published in the country as well as imported books required the Ministry of Culture's approval and were therefore subject to censorship.
Libel/Slander Laws: The law prohibits defamation and provides penalties of up to one month in prison or a fine of 50,000 to 250,000 dinars ($45 to $225). Many in the media complained this provision prevented them from freely practicing their profession by creating a strong fear of prosecution, although widespread self-censorship impeded journalistic performance as well. Public officials occasionally resorted to libel charges under criminal and civil law, which in some cases resulted in punitive fines on individual media outlets and editors, often for publishing articles containing allegations of corruption. When cases went to court, the courts usually sided with the journalist, according to local media-freedom organizations.
Libel is a criminal offense under KRG law as well, and judges may issue arrest warrants for journalists on this basis.
Nongovernmental Impact: Journalists and family members were targets of terrorists, religious groups that rejected media independence, criminals, corrupt officials, and unknown persons or groups wishing to limit the flow of news. Journalists were harassed, kidnapped for ransom, or killed in deliberate attacks for reporting information critical of Da'esh.
In April an armed group threatened two civil activists in Amara after they criticized Ammar al-Hakim, Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq president and Iraqi National Alliance chairman, on their Facebook pages. Hasaneen al-Manshad and Ali al-Dilfi wrote on Facebook that the Islamic parties were not fulfilling the needs of Iraqis and had failed to manage the country, in addition to criticizing Hakim's speech. The two activists were at a friend's wedding on April 7 when armed men from the Jihad and Construction Movement forcibly entered and threatened to kill them. The armed men held them at gunpoint until guests negotiated their release in return for the activists' public apology to Hakim and deleting the offending Facebook posts.
There were overt government restrictions on access to the internet, and there were credible reports, but no official acknowledgement, that the government monitored e-mail and internet communications without appropriate legal authority. Despite restrictions, political figures and activists used the internet to criticize corrupt and ineffective politicians, mobilize protesters for demonstrations, and campaign for candidates through social media channels. According to the World Bank, approximately 17 percent of the population used the internet in 2015, compared with 5 percent in 2011.
The government acknowledged that it interfered with internet access in some areas of the country due to the deterioration in the security situation and Da'esh's disruptive use of social media platforms. Representatives from the State Company for Internet Services reported they had pursued internet gateway projects that would give them greater control over incoming internet feeds as well as the ability to restrict internet content, but these projects had stalled. During the year there were reports that government officials attempted to have pages critical of the government removed from Facebook and Twitter for communications that the government considered "hate speech," although they did not succeed in doing so.
There were no reports the Ministry of Communications imposed social media blackouts. Sporadically throughout the year, the government shut down the internet during school exams, reportedly so students could not cheat. Additionally, at times the government shut down the internet during protests for a few hours.
Da'esh also restricted access to the internet and telephone service in areas under its control.
Social, religious, and political pressures significantly restricted the exercise of freedom of choice in academic and cultural matters. In all regions, various groups reportedly sought to control the pursuit of formal education and granting of academic positions. The country's universities did not pursue gender-segregation policies. Da'esh continued to limit female education beyond the primary level in areas that it controlled.
Academic freedoms remained restricted in areas of active conflict and in Da'esh-controlled territory. Following Da'esh's 2014 seizure of Mosul, the group began reshaping education at the elementary, high school, and university levels, including printing textbooks for elementary school children that glorify violence and Da'esh history. For example, local and international media reported that at Mosul University, Da'esh altered the programs of study to comply with Da'esh ideology in the colleges of law, fine arts, physical education, languages, social sciences, and archeology. Da'esh extremists also targeted libraries, museums, and academic institutions in violent attacks and abducted students and faculty.
Extremists and armed groups limited cultural expression by targeting artists, poets, writers, and musicians. For example, Iraqi media continued to report that Da'esh had issued a directive banning all stores in Mosul from selling movies or music CDs, and had instructed businesses to stock only CDs containing Quranic verses or religious programs. On February 16, Da'esh publicly beheaded 15-year-old Ayham Hussein of Mosul for listening to western music, according to an HRW report.
In the IKR, according to local NGOs, senior professorships continued to be easier to obtain for those with links to the traditional KDP and PUK ruling parties.
FREEDOM OF ASSEMBLY
The constitution provides for freedom of assembly and peaceful demonstration "regulated by law." Regulations require protest organizers to seek permission seven days in advance of a demonstration and submit detailed information about the applicants, the reason for the protest, and participants. The regulations prohibit all "slogans, signs, printed materials, or drawings" involving "sectarianism, racism, or segregation" of citizens. The regulations also prohibit anything that would violate the constitution or law; encourage violence, hatred, or killing; or prove insulting to Islam, "honor, morals, religion, holy groups, or Iraqi entities in general." Provincial councils traditionally maintained authority to issue permits. Authorities generally issued permits in accordance with the regulations.
In April and May, thousands of protesters took to the streets in response to cleric Moqtada al-Sadr's call for protests of the government's failure to combat corruption and provide security. Protesters stormed the International Zone in Baghdad and overran the Council of Ministers' Secretariat and the COR buildings, before ISF stopped them. Media reported security forces killed four and injured dozens of demonstrators with tear gas, water cannons, and live fire.
Most protests in the South during the year were accompanied by a heavy security presence and were peaceful. One notable exception was in Nassiriyah on February 2, when a demonstration turned violent after protesters reached the Da'wa Party's main office. They chanted that Prime Minister Abadi and former prime minister Maliki were "thieves," "Iran's spies," and "corrupt." Masked men with sticks came out of the office and began to beat the protesters. The police were present but did not intervene to stop the violence. The Dhi Qar Provincial Council formed an investigatory committee but did not identify any of the masked men or hold anyone responsible.
In some cases the government dismissed unauthorized protests or restricted protests for security reasons.
There were limited reports of violence or official interference in protests in the IKR. Media reported that on December 1, PUK authorities in the city of Sulaimaniyah arrested at least 13 teachers before a demonstration over unpaid public-sector salaries.
The constitution provides for the right to form and join associations and political parties, with some exceptions. The government generally respected this right, except for the legal prohibitions on groups expressing support for the Ba'ath Party or Zionist principles. The law stipulates that any person who promotes Zionist principles, associates with Zionist organizations, assists such organizations through giving material or moral support, or works in any way towards the realization of Zionist objectives, is subject to punishment by death. There were no applications of this law after the fall of the Saddam Hussein regime.
On July 30, parliament passed the Banning the Ba'ath, Entities and Racist Parties and Takfiri and Terrorist Activities Party Law, which observers portrayed as addressing the injustices of the de-Ba'athification process. Rather than ending the collective stigmatization of all those associated with the party, however loosely, the Banning of the Ba'ath Party Law arguably amplified rather than limited de-Ba'athification. Notably, while previous de-Ba'athification processes prevented individuals from political participation or certain economic benefits, this law criminalizes the very idea of "Ba'athism," metes out lengthy prison sentences for those promoting "Ba'athist ideas," and strikes at the heart of basic freedoms of expression, assembly, and protest, as well as the principle of nondiscrimination. The law specifically criminalizes "Ba'athists" participating "in any rallies, sit-ins, or demonstrations." Given the broad and wide-ranging definitions of Ba'athist activities and ideas, its stated application to "any entity, party, activity or approach," political parties, nongovernmental, civil society organizations and groups of citizens, demonstrating, protesting or simply holding meetings may violate the law.
Bureaucratic delays continued in the government's NGO registration process. The slow process impeded development and legal protection of NGOs. NGOs can only register in Baghdad, and must periodically reregister. The NGO Directorate in the Council of Ministers Secretariat issued registration certificates to 244 NGOs, from January to August. The NGO Directorate reported 2,844 registered NGOs.
See the Department of State's International Religious Freedom Report at www.state.gov/religiousfreedomreport/.
The constitution provides for freedom of internal movement and foreign travel, but the government did not consistently respect these rights. IDPs had limited access to Baghdad, Kirkuk, and Najaf Governorates, and areas controlled by the KRG throughout the year. As of November approximately one million IDPs and 225,000 refugees were present in the IKR and areas under KRG security control. In late November hundreds of Sunni Turkmen IDPs from the Tal Afar area were denied entry into Dahuk, located in the IKR. The governor of Dahuk said he was concerned there were Da'esh elements among these IDPs, whose presence in the IDP camps in Dahuk among Yezidis might provoke revenge attacks on them.
The government generally cooperated with UNHCR, the International Organization for Migration (IOM),), and other humanitarian organizations to provide protection and assistance to IDPs, refugees, returning refugees, asylum seekers, stateless persons, or other vulnerable populations. The government did not have effective systems to assist all of these individuals, largely due to funding shortfalls, lack of capacity, and lack of access. The security situation and armed clashes between the ISF and Da'esh throughout the year caused significant movement of civilians, further complicating the government's coordination of relief efforts. The IOM estimated that, since the beginning of 2014, the conflict with Da'esh had caused more than 3.4 million individuals to become displaced, at least one million of whom have returned home. Security considerations in and near active combat areas, unexploded ordinance, destruction of infrastructure, and official and unofficial restrictions continued to limit humanitarian access to IDP communities.
Abuse of Migrants, Refugees, and Stateless Persons: UN agencies, NGOs and the press reported that sectarian groups, extremists, criminals, and, in some alleged but unverified cases, government forces attacked and arrested refugees, including Palestinians, Ahwazis, and Syrian Arabs.
Local NGOs reported that abuse of Syrian refugees–often by other refugees–was common, including violence against women and children, child marriage, forced prostitution, and sexual harassment.
A 2011 memorandum of understanding between the government and the United Nations provided for the closure of Camp Ashraf in Diyala Governorate, and transfer to Camp Hurriya (in Baghdad) of members of the Mujahedin-e-Khalq (MeK), an Iranian dissident group. The UNHCR relocation program provided the means successfully to relocate all MeK members from Iraq to third countries during the year; the majority of MeK were moved to Albania.
In-country Movement: The law permits security forces to restrict in-country movement pursuant to a warrant, impose a curfew, cordon off and search an area, and take other necessary security and military measures in response to security threats and attacks. There were numerous reports that security forces, including the ISF and Peshmerga, as well as the PMF, selectively enforced regulations requiring residency permits to limit entry of persons into liberated areas under their control. UNAMI and the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights received multiple reports that Kirkuk authorities denied Sunni Arab IDPs from Salah al-Din and Ninewa Governorates access to Kirkuk Governorate.
UNAMI reported that in some areas, civilians fleeing conflict zones were intercepted by armed groups and militia operating in support of the ISF, and were targeted for threats, intimidation, physical violence, abductions, destruction of property, and killings. There were a number of reports that IDPs faced hostility from local government authorities and populations, as well as threats of expulsion.
UNHCR reported that Kirkuk authorities also confiscated identification documents or served notices of eviction to IDPs from Salah al-Din, Anbar, and Diyala Governorates, provoking their departure from camps and urban centers. On September 22, authorities forcibly returned 330 IDP families from Laylan Camp to a checkpoint along the road to Salah al-Din, according to the Iraq Humanitarian Protection Cluster. From September 1 to 21, Protection Cluster partners documented the departure of more than 1,000 IDP families who had been targeted for expulsion by local authorities. Amnesty International reported that the PMF Units (predominantly Shi'a militias) and the Peshmerga forces prevented civilians, largely Sunni, from returning to their homes after Da'esh was pushed out.
The KRG, imposing what it stated were necessary security procedures, restricted movement across the areas it administered. Authorities required nonresidents of the IKR to obtain permits that authorized limited stays in the IKR. These permits were generally renewable. Iraqi citizens from outside the IKR who sought to obtain residency permits for KRG-controlled areas required sponsorship from a resident in the region. Citizens (of all ethno-sectarian backgrounds, including Kurds) crossing into the region from the South were obligated to enter at checkpoints and undergo personal and vehicle inspection. The government imposed similar restrictions on IDPs from Ninewa Governorate and the disputed territories.
KRG authorities applied restrictions more stringently in some areas than in others. The United Nations and international humanitarian organizations alleged that practices regarding the entry of IDPs and Iraqi refugees seeking to return were more or less restrictive depending upon the location of the checkpoint and the ethno-sectarian background of the displaced individuals. There were also reports that checkpoints into the IKR were sometimes closed for extended periods, forcing IDPs to wait to enter the region. Officials prevented individuals whom they deemed security threats from entering the region. IKR officials generally admitted minority IDPs into the IKR, although the security checks were occasionally lengthy. Entry often was more difficult for men, particularly Arab men traveling without family.
Due to military operations aimed at defeating Da'esh, ISF, including the PMF and KRG Peshmerga, increased the number of checkpoints and erected makeshift roadblocks in many parts of the country (see section 1.g.). In June, following the liberation of Ramadi and Fallujah from Da'esh in Anbar Governorate, thousands of residents fled those cities for surrounding areas. Most were prevented from leaving Anbar per an official government order, due to security and ethnocentric concerns. Some 70,000 individuals fled Fallujah during a three-day period in June when the Iraqi army secured safe exit routes, overwhelming local and international assistance efforts and leaving many stranded in the desert for days without aid. At least 600 IDPs from Fallujah were missing after Shia PMF units held them for screening. IDPs began returning to Fallujah and outlying areas in September, although there were credible reports that provincial authorities required some government workers to return before they were ready to do so. In September, IDPs in Laylan Camp in Kirkuk were informed that they must return to their areas of origin. UN agencies confirmed that confiscation of identification documents and other measures to force IDPs to return home continued.
Da'esh restricted freedom of movement, particularly in the West and North (see section 1.g.). Da'esh prevented citizens from leaving the cities of Fallujah, Ramadi, Mosul, and other places unless those citizens paid bribes to exit, left family members behind as collateral for their return, or agreed to relinquish property they owned in those cities. Da'esh severely restricted women's freedom of movement in areas under its control. Patrols checked to make sure women wore suitable attire and that male relatives or guardians accompanied them outside the home. There were credible reports that Da'esh killed civilians trying to flee, including in the cities of Hawija, Qayara, and Mosul, when ISF moved to liberate those areas.
Foreign Travel: The government required exit permits for citizens leaving the country, but the requirement was not routinely enforced.
Exile: The constitution permits forced exile only of naturalized citizens and only if a judicial decision establishes that the individual obtained citizenship based on material falsifications. There were no reported cases of forced exile. After 2003 many former Ba'ath Party members sought refuge in neighboring countries, choosing self-imposed exile over possible prosecutions under de-Ba'athification laws, and later under the Anti-Terrorism Law. In 2011 another wave of prominent Sunni politicians left the country after the government began arresting Sunnis and dissidents, by expansively applying Anti-Terrorism Law provisions.
Emigration and Repatriation: The government failed to provide travel documents to hundreds of citizens awaiting deportation from the United States, essentially rendering these individuals stateless.
INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS
The constitution and the national policy on displacement address IDP rights, but few laws specifically do so. The central government, the IKR, and international organizations, including UN agencies and NGOs, attempted to provide protection and other assistance to IDPs. Host communities were strained as the number of IDPs outside of camps increased. In 2014 the United Nations designated the humanitarian crisis as a Level Three emergency, its highest level, citing the scale, urgency, and complexity of the situation and has since extended the designation through February 2017.
Since 2014 the armed conflict has displaced more than 3.4 million persons, predominantly from Anbar, Ninewa, and Salah al-Din Governorates. In July and August, Salah al-Din Governorate experienced a significant increase in new IDPs resulting from the positioning of government forces in areas around Mosul in preparation for the operations for its liberation. From mid-June through mid-December, nearly 131,000 persons were displaced from Ninewa, Salah al-Din, and Erbil Governorates. One million IDPs from the 2006-08 sectarian conflict remained as of 2014, presumed to be included in the total IDP figure nationwide.
Sectarian violence and the advance of Da'esh displaced Sunni, Christian, Shia, Yezidi, Turkmen, Shabak, and Sabaean-Mandean families (see section 1.g.). While some of the displaced fled to areas outside their districts of origin, lack of secure corridors and fear of looting made others decide to stay. The government urged civilians in Mosul to remain in their homes, attempting to limit possible displacement during the Mosul operations.
The government's focus on military operations to expel Da'esh and address IDPs' immediate humanitarian needs, strained official efforts to promote safe, voluntary return or local integration. This challenge required the government to balance attempts to assist IDPs while maintaining good relations with host communities, including addressing their concerns about security threats posed by IDPs. UNHCR and other international organizations noted there was no national policy on IDP returns to homes of origin. In September the Ministry of Displacement and Migration and IKR's Ministry of Interior signed a Memorandum of Understanding to develop a coordinated approach on IDP returns and other IDP issues. The Ministry of Displacement and Migration's strategy recognized local integration as a legal option for IDPs; although in practice, new IDPs arriving from Da'esh-controlled areas (the large majority of whom were Sunni Arabs) faced difficulties being accepted in KRG-controlled areas or in areas held by Shia PMF units. The government attempted to integrate IDPs into local populations but also encouraged families to return to their original homes, in some cases before the families were willing to return.
Government assistance focused on the provision of financial grants, but it made neither the initial nor the successive payments consistently, particularly with the downturn in the economy. Faced with the large movements of IDPs across the country, the government provided food, water, and financial assistance to many but not all IDPs, including in the IKR. Many IDPs lived in informal settlements where they did not receive adequate water, sanitation, or other essential services. According to the IOM, as of November, 17 percent of IDPs lived in shelter arrangements that did not meet minimal safety or security standards, and approximately 64 percent resided in private arrangements, including host family residences, hotels, motels, and rented housing. The government and KRG worked with the United Nations to expand existing camp infrastructure.
In June nearly 85,000 IDPs from Fallujah and surrounding areas fled military operations to expel Da'esh. The unexpectedly large number of IDPs fleeing in a short period of time initially overwhelmed assistance efforts. Since June military shaping operations in villages south of Mosul displaced nearly 131,000 civilians. Many of them fled to overcrowded IDP camps in Debaga and elsewhere. The government worked with UN agencies and NGOs to provide food, shelter, health care, water and sanitation, and other essential services to IDPs in camps and other informal settlements. The government provided many of the IDPs in the camps with basic household goods.
All citizens are eligible to receive food under the Public Distribution System (PDS); however, PDS was implemented sporadically and irregularly. Not all commodities were distributed each month and not all IDPs were able to access the PDS in each governorate. Since the price of oil has dropped, the functioning of the PDS has been even more irregular. Iraqis could only redeem their PDS rations at their place of residence and within their registered governorate, thus losing access and entitlement following displacement.
Persons who did not register as IDPs in their current places of residence sometimes faced limited access to services. Local authorities often determined whether IDPs would have access to local services. Through the provision of legal aid, UNHCR and other humanitarian actors assisted IDPs in obtaining documentation and registering with authorities to improve access to services and entitlements. The IOM reported that some IDPs faced difficulty with registration due to lack of required documentation and administrative delays.
While humanitarian assistance generally reached IDPs in most of the country, access to those remaining in Da'esh-controlled areas was limited. Humanitarian personnel continued to attempt to provide assistance in these areas, but security and movement limitations constrained aid delivery.
PROTECTION OF REFUGEES
Access to Asylum: The law provides for the granting of asylum or refugee status, and the government established a system, albeit flawed, for providing protection to refugees. According to UNHCR, there were approximately 267,000 refugees in the country, most of whom are asylum seekers arriving from Syria, with smaller numbers from Iran and Turkey. The government generally cooperated with UNHCR and other humanitarian organizations to provide protection and assistance to refugees and IDPs in the country.
Refoulement: The government cooperated with UNHCR to prevent the deportation of refugees. UNHCR relocated refugees at risk of deportation to refugee camps or attempted to resettle them.
Employment: Refugees and asylum seekers are legally entitled to work in the private sector. Palestinian refugees, however, faced job insecurity when working in the public sector due to their ambiguous legal status; the government did not recognize their refugee status and did not allow them to obtain citizenship. Syrian refugees were able to obtain and renew residency and work permits both in refugee camps and in Erbil. Authorities, however, did not allow some Syrian refugees to continue their employment in refugee camps.
Durable Solutions: Ethnic Kurdish refugees from Syria, Turkey, and Iran in the IKR generally integrated well, although economic hardship plagued families and prevented many children, especially Syrians, from enrolling in formal school. Local integration remained the best and most likely option for the majority of Iranian Kurds. In September the KRG reported that approximately 60 percent of Syrian refugees in the IKR lived outside camps. Many worked in Erbil or found shelter with relatives in the IKR.
STATELESS PERSONS
UNHCR estimated that approximately 50,000 stateless persons lived in the country, many of them Syrian refugees. Many nonrefugee stateless individuals had previously been citizens and had already begun the process of reacquiring nationality.
As of 2006, the latest year for which data was available, an estimated 54,500 Bidoun individuals living as nomads in the desert near or in the southern governorates of Basrah, Dhi Qar, and Qadisiyah remained undocumented and stateless. Prolonged drought in the southern section of the country forced many individuals from these communities to migrate to city centers, where most obtained identification documents and gained access to food rations and other social benefits. Other communities similarly at risk of statelessness included the country's Romani population, the Ahwazi community of Shia Arabs of Iranian descent, the Bahai religious minority community, inhabitants of the southern Marshlands, members of the Goyan and Omariya Turkish Kurdish tribes near Mosul, and nationals of South Sudan, which had not established a diplomatic presence in the country.
Stateless persons faced discrimination in employment and access to education. Many stateless persons, particularly Baha'i, were not able to register for identity cards, which prevented them from enrolling in public school, registering marriages, and gaining access to some government services. Stateless persons also faced difficulty obtaining public-sector employment and lacked job security.
g. Abuses in Internal Conflict Section
Section 5. Governmental Attitude Regarding International and Nongovernmental Investigation of Alleged Violations of Human Rights


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R B Gospel Songs On its face, a tour with Grammy-nominated R&B singer-songwriter Ledisi and gospel superstar Kirk Franklin seems incongruous. But it makes sense: Although Ledisi is marketed as a secular artist, she. Mar 17, 2013. There's always been a connection between Gospel and R&B music. We Do It" will go down in history as one of the
KENAH Reply: July 23rd, 2011 at 6:14 am. dear man of God thank you very much for your website that God has given you to enrich the world spiritually.the son of my boss gave me a file to give to the finance clerk of our church who was in debt in that file was 101 precision prayers to get out of debts by elisha goodman he refuse to use the prayer points saying he did not need to pray to come out.
I would like to thank you for this powerful prayer. I have been tormented this past few weeks and I dont know what to do, I'm so blessed that My friends advised me to mention the Blood Of Jesus Christ however I didn't know how to do it.
His family and friends had been seeking information after al-Umari failed to return after going to Friday prayers at the Al Noor Mosque His. as Abdi fled for his life and his father pretended to be.
They fear he is among the dead at the Al Noor mosque where he regularly attended Friday prayers. The family immigrated to New. "There was a game we used to play called Last Card. "Every time I saw.
I gave her my gloves, a little hug and said a quick prayer with her for safety on the road. only to run out of gas somewhere on a highway in Colorado, at night, in the dead of winter, with her.
Free Gospel Mp3 Download Sites The Best Free Music Download Sites These sites remove worries over finding illegal copies or ripping off artists You might be missing the real story on iTunes Music Downloads, indie labels. The following comes from an executive at an established label that wishes to remain anonymous. The purpose of me writing. While it may look
Apr 12, 2013 · The real prayer of Francis of Assisi Sacred Mysteries: Christopher Howse follows up new clues to the spiritual vision of Pope Francis
All Search for Zip Code, City or Name Parish Search for Zip Code, City or Name Find a Parish. Need more options? View the Parish Finder. Schools Search for Zip Code, City or Name Find a School. Need more options? View our Find a School page. Home; Being Catholic; Prayer &.
Do you pray as often and as boldly as you want to? There is a way to experience a deeper, more passionate, persistent, and intimate prayer life. Drawing from forty days of true stories, Mark Batterson applies the principles of his New York Times bestselling book The Circle Maker to teach us a new.
The poems and prayers below are grouped into the following categories: Most Popular. to allow your thoughts to dwell too long on the dead. Think of me now.
Diocese of Northampton, England. Homepage of the Diocese's website
In most circumstances it is not appropriate to inquire as to the cause of death. You may wish to say a silent prayer for, or meditate about, the deceased at this time. Even if you don't make a gift, a note or card to the deceased's family.
←Prayer of Release from the Stronghold of Rape and the Spirit of Baphomet
Offering "thoughts and prayers" after a tragedy is, after all, such a standard response that it is a staple of the condolence card industry. age children and wondered how the parents of the dead.
Family and friends of slain Saudi journalist, Jamal Khashoggi,offered funeral prayers in Saudi Arabia and Turkey on Friday. tradition places immense importance on proper handling of the dead,
A New Zealand man who took on the gunman during the Christchurch attacks armed only with a card payment machine says he was just. was attending Friday prayers with his four children at the Linwood.
2 The prayers themselves are identical. The Almighty and powerful One, who causes all events to happen, including the resurrection of the dead. G‑d is holy. The Holy Temple and its service should.
Almost any Jewish law can be broken to save a human life; Euthanasia is prohibited, but refusing extraordinary measures is allowed; Mourning practices show respect for the dead and comfort the living
Toyota Industries Corp., which developed the system, says this method of storing the ashes of the dead will spread. When a visitor places an IC card on top of the reader at the reception desk and.
Memorial cards are referred to by a variety of names. They may be called funeral cards, memoriam cards, or prayer cards. Regardless of what they are called,
Question: "What is cheap grace?" Answer: The term "cheap grace" can be traced back to a book written by German theologian, Dietrich Bonhoeffer, called The Cost of Discipleship, published in 1937.In that book, Bonhoeffer defined "cheap grace" as "the preaching of forgiveness without requiring repentance, baptism without church discipline.
Memorial mass cards are often distributed to the congregation of the dead to ensure they are remembered. Blessings, verses and prayers can only attempt to.
We hear them invoking prayer as the answer, as if they are trying to place the blame on someone far more powerful so that the elected leadership's complicity in the murders will be forgiven by the.
Southcom National High School Hymn When workers began digging up an underground tank that had been used many years before to store fuel for Chico High School's boiler. The program will end with the Mexican national hymn and the. and I suspect I'll leave this world telling that story to the hymn "I'll Fly Away." Love you much. TOP TEEN:
miss. Dear God please i need money to feed my family and pay my fees at school.the bank loan i owe please God icant sleep about the stress please i really need your maricle God im tired of the poverty im facing with my family.
The past few years have seen a dramatic increase in tarot card sales, with searches for tarot cards trending. All forms of divination are to be rejected: recourse to Satan or demons, conjuring up.
The plane plowed into the ground at Hejere near Bishoftu, scattering debris like a shredded book, a battered passport and business cards in multiple. crash and "offers prayers for the deceased.
Instead of a prayer for the dead, or a prayer for health that she knows will never come, Amittay struggles with her "need for a prayer that would redeem other kinds of losses—living losses."
Memorial Prayer Cards is pleased to present our collections of our Top 10 Most Popular Memorial Prayers and. the shadow of death, I will fear no evil: for
Pope Francis sent his prayers and condolences to Alabama Wednesday after devastating. and those who grieve and that "Almighty God may grant eternal rest to the dead, especially the children," the.
Create personalized, beautiful and affordable laminated memorial cards. Memorial cards are a great way to pay a lasting tribute after the death of a loved one. Our 2-sided prayer cards are printed on high quality paper stock and laminated.
The Memorial Day Prayer Card – FAQs The prayer is not restricted to a particular religious denomination. The prayer card is meant to honor and remember those.
A new assortment of prayer cards is available, with sacred images taken from the. The St. Viator prayer card is free. In Christ, who rose from the dead,
Antique Latin & French Catholic Paper Lace Holy Prayer Card, Engraving. German Death Cards~1850-1941~Funeral Cards~German Religious Prayer.
The scenario has happened many times before. Some Christian (or Jehovah's Witness) decides that prayer is the way that his child should be healed, so he forsakes medical treatment and the child dies.
In the Christian tradition, holy cards or prayer cards are small, devotional pictures. cards are sold certifying that a Mass has been said for the benefit of sick or dead people, and are typically given to the family of the sick or dead person.
This new sympathy Mass card features an icon of Saint Monica by Richard G. Cannuli, O.S.A. and the words of Saint Monica at the time of her death, "Only this I.
Send Valentine's Day greetings to the special people in your life with Blue Mountain eCards. Attach a gift card and show them how much you care this year.
Yesterday, through the Secretary of State, Card. Pietro Parolin, Pope Francis sent a telegram of condolences for the victims of the accident in Ethiopia. In it the pontiff "offers prayers for the dead.
Fanny Crosby Hymns Question: "What are hymns? What is the value of hymns in worship?" Answer: A hymn is a song of praise. In ancient Greek culture, a hymnos was musical praise directed to the gods or heroes of the day. In Christianity, hymns are directed to the one true God, of course. Biography and hymns of Frances
Card Examples & Prayer Ideas. Here is a list of. your blessing on all that I do, and the grace of a holy death. Amen. Prayer for the Dead #1. Eternal rest grant.
May 25, 2012. Whether you call them "prayer cards" or "memorial cards" or some other term, these small cards that have your loved one's birth and death.
Please can someone help me with september midnight prayer i have check Achives but i could not found it but i am still praying with the prayer ponits Oh God bring down your Glory in my life.
He said the gunman ran back to his car to get another gun, so he threw a credit card machine at him. Tarrant live-streams mass shooting inside the Al Noor Mosque as Friday prayers are underway. The.
Feb 4, 2016. Flowers and prayer cards are pinned to a tree with a scar that residents. in Philadelphia, I paid eight dollars for a collection of dead people.
Such souls require a lot of prayers and sacrifices. This whole month of November we have special masses in churches for the dead family members." It is also a common practice to leave behind food for.
Family members of the victims of the Ethiopian Plane crash that killed 157 people from different nationality visited the crash site to give their last respect and prayers to their departed. of the.
Scam Alert: Manasseh Jordan Posing as "Saint Mary's Prayer Center Ministry"
The prayer book, Cooper says, speaks volumes about Wiesenthal's motivation. "He never left Vienna, because he would not leave the dead," Cooper says. "He never left the trenches."
Results 1 – 24 of 632. a favorite prayer, the name and dates of the deceased and serve as a reminder to pray for the dead. These holy cards have an unlimited.
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