text:
Varcor System
WWTP Biosolids
Septage Processing
Janicki Omni Processor
J-OP S250
Dakar Pilot
Firelight Toilet
January 11, 2020 — The Omni Processor: Turning Sewage Into Drinking Water in Senegal (and Beyond?)
https://en.reset.org/blog/omni-processor-turning-sewage-drinking-water-senegal-and-beyond-01112020
February 18, 2019 — I spent an uplifting day at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and discovered what it's really like to work there
https://www.businessinsider.com/bill-and-melinda-gates-foundation-work-employees-life-2019-2
November 9, 2018 — Flush With Ideas: Bill Gates Pursues the Toilet of the Future
https://www.wsj.com/articles/flush-with-ideas-bill-gates-pursues-the-toilet-of-the-future-1541778621
November 9, 2018 — Why Did Bill Gates Give A Talk With A Jar Of Human Poop By His Side?
https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2018/11/09/666150842/why-did-bill-gates-give-a-talk-with-a-jar-of-human-poop-by-his-side
November 8, 2018 — Sedron develops new toilet technology
https://www.goskagit.com/news/local_news/sedron-develops-new-toilet-technology/article_6459d013-9ed9-5e00-b8eb-80f85dabb75a.html
November 7, 2018 — Engineering a better toilet could save millions of lives
https://www.popsci.com/engineering-better-toilet?3xS2rjDJEdiSSTUJ.01#page-2
November 6, 2018 — Bill Gates opens 'Reinvented Toilet Expo' in China, promoting biggest sanitation advances in 200 years
https://www.geekwire.com/2018/bill-gates-opens-reinvented-toilet-expo-china-promoting-biggest-sanitation-advances-200-years/
November 6, 2018 — Why Bill Gates brought a beaker of poop to a gathering in China
https://qz.com/1451654/toilet-expo-why-bill-gates-brought-a-beaker-of-poop-to-a-gathering-in-china/
November 6, 2018 — In China, Bill Gates Encourages the World to Build a Better Toilet
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/06/business/bill-gates-reinvented-toilet.html
November 6, 2018 — Omni Processor heading to commercial market
https://www.goskagit.com/news/local_news/omni-processor-heading-to-commercial-market/article_a4dea2ca-4fee-55b5-b2d0-60a14331b7e0.html
November 6, 2018 — Bill Gates aims to save $233 billion by reinventing the toilet
https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/markets/bill-gates-aims-to-save-dollar233-billion-by-reinventing-the-toilet/ar-BBPo0wH
November 5, 2018 — Why the world deserves a better toilet
https://www.gatesnotes.com/Development/Sanitation-showcase
October 10, 2018 — De Jong Organic Dairy re-files IDEM Permit with new technology
http://www.newsbug.info/newton_county_enterprise/business/de-jong-organic-dairy-re-files-idem-permit-with-new/article_5d68d6e2-6466-57b6-a0a5-6150c07614a4.html
June 5, 2018 — Global Citizen: These Engineers Are Turning Poop Into Drinkable Water
https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/omni-processor-water-sanitation-senegal/
May 5, 2017 — Dairy aims to be first to test system that reclaims waste
http://www.heraldnet.com/news/dairy-aims-to-be-first-to-test-system-that-reclaims-waste/
May 4, 2017 — New Janicki Bioenergy dairy project draws inspiration from Omniprocessor
http://www.goskagit.com/news/local_news/new-janicki-bioenergy-dairy-project-draws-inspiration-from-omniprocessor/article_391f6b68-c1f5-5572-844e-267b3de82456.html
March 23, 2017 — New technology a game changer for dairy industry
http://www.capitalpress.com/20170323/new-technology-a-game-changer-for-dairy-industry
March 14, 2017 — WA lawmakers asked to fund manure-into-water technology
http://www.capitalpress.com/Washington/20170314/wa-lawmakers-asked-to-fund-manure-into-water-technology
November 16, 2016 — The firms turning poo into profit
http://www.bbc.com/news/business-37981485
June 27, 2016 — How drinking water made from human waste could save the planet
http://www.techradar.com/news/world-of-tech/the-toilet-of-the-future-making-water-from-human-waste-1323412
May 23, 2016 — How New Technology Is Changing the Way We Get Water
http://www.pumpsandsystems.com/pumps/may-2016-how-new-technology-changing-way-we-get-water
January 02, 2016 — Next Big Future: Nanomembrane toilets could be part of solving Safe Sanitation for more than 2.3 billion people
http://nextbigfuture.com/2016/01/nanomembrane-toilets-could-be-part-of.html
December 30, 2015 — MSN: The Toilet of Tomorrow Will Do More Than Flush Waste
http://www.msn.com/en-ca/news/offbeat/the-toilet-of-tomorrow-will-do-more-than-flush-waste/ar-BBo3Mq8
December 28, 2015 — The Odyssey Online: Three Billionaires Who Made A Difference In 2015
http://theodysseyonline.com/ksu/billionaires-difference-2015/251736
December 27, 2015 — TURNING MANURE INTO GOLD: THE FECAL ECONOMY
https://www.ozy.com/fast-forward/turning-manure-into-gold-the-fecal-economy/41150
December 16, 2015 — The Huffington Post: About 500 Children Die Daily In Sub-Saharan Africa Due To Lack Of Clean Water, Sanitation
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/about-500-children-die-daily-in-sub-saharan-africa-due-to-lack-of-clean-water-sanitation_us_56704063e4b0e292150f4310
November 20, 2015 — AMA: How creative thinking spurred a global public health solution
http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/ama-wire/post/creative-thinking-spurred-global-public-health-solution
October 20, 2015 — Go Skagit: VanTassel settling into role as president of Janicki Bioenergy
http://www.goskagit.com/all_access/vantassel-settling-into-role-as-president-of-janicki-bioenergy/article_48a50dd0-ac8f-5fda-9b76-2d41173015f9.html
August 13, 2015 — Time: What Happened To Bill Gates' Feces Water Machine
http://time.com/3996253/bill-gates-feces-water/
August 13, 2015 — CNN Money: Why Bill Gates drank wastewater
http://money.cnn.com/video/technology/2015/08/13/bill-gates-wastewater.cnnmoney/
August 12, 2015 — The Guardian: 'We want to turn poo into gold': how SMS is transforming Senegal's sanitation
http://www.theguardian.com/global-development-professionals-network/2015/aug/12/poo-uber-sms-senegal-sanitation
August 12, 2015 — Go Skagit: Janicki Bioenergy's Omni Processor drawing interest
http://www.goskagit.com/all_access/janicki-bioenergy-s-omni-processor-drawing-interest/article_370a8577-b6b5-5e1f-817e-b8031bb83364.html
August 11, 2015 — Wired: Machine That Turns Poo Into Water Gets a Test Run in Africa
http://www.wired.com/2015/08/machine-turns-poo-water-gets-test-run-africa/
August 11, 2015 — GatesNotes: Update: What Ever Happened to the Machine That Turns Feces Into Water?
https://www.gatesnotes.com/Development/Omni-Processor-Update?WT.mc_id=08_13_2015_Omniprocessor_BG-FB_&WT.tsrc=BGFB
January 22, 2015 — The Tonight Show: Bill Gates and Jimmy Drink Poop Water
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FHgsL0dpQ-U
January 10, 2015 — Watch Bill Gates Sip Water Made From Sewer Sludge [Updated]
http://www.forbes.com/sites/amitchowdhry/2015/01/10/janicki-omniprocessor/#71d58d053265
January 7, 2015 — BBC: Bill Gates drinks water distilled from human faeces
January 6, 2015 — The Huffington Post: Watch Bill Gates Drink Water That Was Once Human Poop
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/01/06/bill-gates-poop_n_6424436.html
January 6, 2015 — Tech Crunch: Bill Gates Will Drink Water Made From Poo To Prove New Sanitation Tech Works
http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/06/bill-gates-will-drink-water-made-from-poo-to-prove-new-santitation-tech-works/
January 6, 2015 — Wired: Bill Gates' Plan to Help the Developing World Profit From Its Sewage
http://www.wired.com/2015/01/omniprocessor/?mbid=social_fb
January 5, 2015 — GatesNotes: This Ingenious Machine Turns Feces Into Drinking Water
https://www.gatesnotes.com/Development/Omniprocessor-From-Poop-to-Potable?WT.mc_id=01_07_2015_Omniprocessor_fb&WT.tsrc=Facebook
Sedro-Woolley, WA 98284
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Honey bee workers
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The honeybee is a social insect whose life is so closely linked with the flowering plants in its environment that it whole seasonal cycle revolves around the flowering seasons of the plants it has co-evolved to pollinate. The bees' seasonal cycle will vary in different parts of the world depending on the climatic conditions that determine plant flowering periods. This means that the size of the colony will change throughout the year in a way that coincides with the quantities of nectar and pollen that the worker bees are able to collect. Bees are adapted to survive in times of nectar dearth by storing a surplus of honey but they will not want to share this resource with more than the minimum number of bees needed for the colony to survive until new flowers appear. Each member of the colony is depenedent on each other member of the colony. The whole superorganism has evolved so that all the members of the colony are better able to survive by co-operating together than by working alone. This co-operative arrangement has allowed bees to successfully colonise the widest range of environments of almost any animal in the world. The queen bee is the mother of the hive, the egg layer and as such is essential to its survival. Because she is only one, she is well protected by the workers. The drones, who do no work in the hive and whose only contribution is to fertilise the queen, are cast out of the colony when the nectar stops flowing. They are easily replaced in times of plenty.
The life history of the worker honey bee starts with the queen laying an egg in a honeycomb. She will lay a single egg in each honey comb cell. The egg hatches into a larva which is fed by the nurse worker bees, first on royal jelly and then later on a mixture of honey and pollen called bee bread. Once the larva has grown to its full size (nicely filling the honey comb cell) it will be capped over with a wax covering so that it can pupate. Pupation is the process where the honeybee larva turns into a fully formed adult (or imago). Worker bees are females and derive from fetilised eggs. The drones work is to fertilise a new virgin queen on her nuptual flight. A fertilised queen is able to choose whether to lay fertilised eggs (which will turn into workers or, under certain circumstances, a new queen) or unfertilised eggs, which will turn into drones. In a beehive there is normally only 1 queen, about 500 drones that are only present in times of plentiful food supply, with the largest number of bees being worker bees.
The worker bees do all the work of the colony; and this work is related to their age. This in turn is related to the development of their glands, the time of the year and the food supply available to the colony. On hatching the young bees have to learn to find their way about the hive and then they will become cleaning bees. As their feeding glands develop they become nurse bees, feeding the young larvae, later their wax glands develop and they become honeycomb making bees. During this time in the hive young bees will have to work together to evaporate water from the nectar - concentrating it into the honey stores they will need for the dearth period. They will also cool the hive by fanning their wings to keep a cool airflow through the colony. As their sting glands develop they become guard bees and finally they become foraging bees collecting nectar, pollen, propolis and water to maintain the life of the colony.
The rate of egg-laying by the queen bee depends on the amount of food coming into the colony and this will depend on the time of year. The colony size will change over time to meet the potential for food storage that is around the colony. The colony will survive the dearth peiod with the smallest number of colony members possible. Only the queen and the smallest number of workers will be left during this period. The queen will stop laying and the colony will rest. This means no drones will be present and the old foraging bees will have died; worn out by collecting the honey stores that will sustain the rest of the colony through the dearth period. As the trees and flowers start to bloom again and produce nectar the queen will start to lay new eggs. Only a few at first but as the nectar flow increases so the queen lays more eggs. The colony will start to grow in size until it reaches its maximum size again. The maximum hive size will coincide with the maximum honey flow time from the bee forage so that the workers are able to maximise the honey crop they collect.
When food supplies are short, the queen will lay fewer eggs; no food for a period of time and, in the tropics, the bees will abscond or migrate to find a better place. If plenty of food is available then the colony will build up to become strong. Many worker bees are produced; a strong force of them ready to collect nectar from the available flowers as fast as possible and to produce the honey stores needed for the next period of dearth. Drones are produced and new queen cells will appear as the colony seeks to reproduce itself by dividing and sending out swarms. The swarms are the colony's natural form of reproduction.
Successful honeybee management depends on understanding the way the colony changes its size throughout the year. For instance, colonisation of a new beehive will only occur at certain times of year; when the bees are swarming, or if they are migrating or absconding. The beekeeper who knows the times of year when this happens is far more likely to have his hives ready and nicely baited to attract passing swarms.
The best place to find out this kind of information is to ask a local beekeeper. Long experience will mean this information is easily explained to the newcomer. However, if there is no-one available, a beekeeping calendar can be constructed. A beekeeper also needs to know about the availability of bee forage throughout the year. This allows the beekeeper to plan ahead, to build up strong colonies ready for the main honey flows and to know when harvesting times are likely to occur. A flowering calendar is a record of the approximate flowering times of important nectar and pollen plants in the locality.
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Samsung Just Won the Internet With This Heartwarming Ad for the Hearing-Impaired (VIDEO)
Geoff Weiss
Former Staff Writer
To promote a new service for hearing-impaired customers in Turkey, Samsung has knocked it out of the park with an agonizingly beautiful viral video that has now been viewed over 9 million times across YouTube and on the advertising website Digital Synopsis.
The theme of the ad is "a world without barriers" -- which is precisely what the tech giant is aiming for with its new video call center in Turkey called Duyan Eller (or 'Hearing Hands.') Staffed with representatives who know sign language, the call center allows hearing-impaired customers to ask questions about Samsung's products and services, according to The Huffington Post.
Samsung's spot focuses on a young Turkish man with a hearing impairment named Muharrem. As he goes about his day, strangers suddenly begin to approach him using sign language -- including passersby on the street, a cashier at a local bakery and even the taxi driver who chauffeurs him into town, where friends and family have gathered for the big reveal.
Related: Samsung Just Gave the Disabled a Way to Click a Mouse With Their Eyes
The Samsung team, in collaboration with ad agency Leo Burnett, prepped for a month in order to carry out the heartrending ruse. Cameras were hidden in grapefruits and backpacks, participants were schooled in sign language and Murrahem's sister served as point person on the scene.
See for yourself what "one day with no barriers" looks like in the masterful ad below:
Related: A Device That Interprets Sign Language Is Now Being Crowdfunded
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This Viral Marketing Video Reached 250 Million Views in Just 48 Hours
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What You Can Learn From the Viral Shenanigans of Last Week Tonight With John Oliver


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Top Five Stories from 2021: No 1—Hard Truths Require Tough Water Polo Leadership
on 10 January 2022 at 13:34
Editor's Note: The end is already here for the 2021 water polo season. TWp looks back on the five biggest story lines of the year. Today we focus on what challenges from the previous year will carry on into 2022.
This year will be pivotal for American water polo for a number of reasons. A post-Olympic year, there will be an examination of the results at Tokyo last summer—even though USA Water Polo leadership has already signaled its approval of the current course of the men's and women's national teams.
A huge settlement due to alleged sexual abuse will have multiple impacts on USAWP, likely including increase insurance rates—with costs passed along to member clubs. There is new leadership at the organization that oversees polo in America, as well as sad times for programs shuttered due to COVID-19, which has yet to be eradicated. And a challenge to us all: transparency is best no matter what may be revealed.
Sticking with Krikorian and Udovicic
With three gold medals in the past three Olympics, including a dominant run at the 2020 Tokyo Games, it makes absolute sense to continue with Adam Krikorian, who has helmed the women's squad since replacing Guy Baker in 2009. The choice to retain Dejan Udovicic for another Olympics is debatable, but with a short turnaround—and reduced expectations—this is entirely understandable.
The biggest issue for this coming year, especially for the national governing body for polo in America, will be leadership. And, on this front, there's reasons to be concerned that the organization headed by Executive Director Chris Ramsey may fall short. Especially as it comes to the 2028 Los Angeles Games—the biggest moment for the sport in America since the games in Los Angeles in 1984.
Biggest insurance settlement in water polo history yet crickets from USAWP leadership
The biggest knock against both Ramsey and his organization is the $13.85-million-dollar settlement last June to alleged victims of sexual assault by former International Water Polo Club coach Bahram Hojreh. In total, two law firms represented 13 alleged victims in suits against Hojreh, USAWP, his former club, and the Irvine Unified School District.
[Settlement of $13.85M Reached in Civil Suit Involving Water Polo Coach Bahram Hojreh]
These alleged victims—Hojreh has been accused and a criminal indictment has been filed against him but he has yet to be convicted—had the same hopes and desires as the 13 women who represented the U.S. in Tokyo. They are now consigned to anonymity, their comfort being the money that Manly, Stewart & Finaldi wrangled out of USA Water Polo's former insurer.
It might be expected that such a disastrous incident would entail a leadership change. In this case, despite calls by many long-term polo supporters, many of whom were outraged about how Ramsey allegedly ignored the warning signs about Hojreh's potentially criminal behavior. And the organization's statement places the decision to settle—after Ramsey emphatically claimed that USAWP would prevail in court—squarely on its insurer, stepping back from the blistering criticism his organization has received.
[Statement from Manly, Stewart & Finaldi Regarding $13.85 Million Settlement against USAWP]
Surprisingly, the organization's executive director has not only weathered this storm, but he also appears firmly in charge after a significant leadership change in his board of directors. Still, Ramsey's high-profile detractors—some of whom have been involved in the sport for half a century—are not going anywhere.
[Water Polo Olympians Start Petition Demanding Removal of USA Water Polo CEO, Board Chairman]
New board chair, same message: stay the course!
There was a leadership transition at USAWP, which was little noticed except by those who follow the organization. Mike Graff, who was part of the group that restructured the organization in 2006 amid financial concerns, stepped down from leading the USAWP board for the past 15 years. Bill Smith, Graff's long-time collaborator, is now the board chair.
[A Moment of Truth at the USA Water Polo General Assembly?]
Given his many years in Graff's shadow, it will be interesting how Smith—who is as diplomatic as Graff could be, well, gruff—imposes his vision of where the organization should go. Given some of the challenges the organization faces, now would be an ideal time for Smith's vision—even if it's a rehashing of what USAWP has focused on the last two decades—to be articulated.
A different future for a signature event
Last July, the national JOs were held after being canceled a year earlier—the first such cancellation in the event's decades-long history. Due to pandemic restrictions, only teams in California were allowed to compete there, as competitors from outside the state were banned. This led to a bifurcated tournament. Teams from the Golden State competed for their regional championships, while the rest of the country descended upon Dallas for a separate competition.
[A JOs Wrap-Up and Positive Signs for Fall in The Northeast]
This arrangement made such sense that it will continue in 2022. The only question: will there be some variant of a "JOs playoff" to ensure that the best teams from outside of California earn a chance to play the nation's best from the Golden State—a key consideration if the sport is to expand from of its West Coast stronghold.
JOs held in Dallas, Texas for the first time ever. Photo Courtesy: M. Randazzo
Monmouth College water polo disappears
There have many COVID casualties, it's been hard to keep up. One of the absolute tragedies was the elimination last year of Monmouth College's DIII men's and women's teams. Parents were understandably outraged regarding the demise of programs that their athletes had been recruited to attend. However, once head coach Peter Ollis resigned in July of 2021, the pressure was on Scots Athletic Director Roger Haynes to find a qualified replacement.
[Monmouth College (Ill.) Drops Men's and Women's Water Polo]
Perhaps if there wasn't the additional complication of beloved Monmouth swim coach—and assistant water polo coach—Tom Burek succumbing to COVID-19, perhaps Haynes could have focused on a replacement. But, for a small liberal arts college three hours outside of Chicago, finding a coach who would continue what Ollis had spent the previous five years building was more than the Monmouth's AD could accomplish in the midst of the coronavirus pandemic.
Still, what's to prevent the elimination of other polo programs, especially as issues surrounding money in collegiate athletics—specifically NILs, "name, image, likeness—roil the budgets of non-revenue sports?
Then there are the Vavics…
There's no individual who engenders more reaction among the most devoted American water polo fans than Jovan Vavic. The winningest polo coach in NCAA history—and one of the most successful in all of collegiate athletics, Vavic has been fighting for his legal life, the result of allegations from the Varsity Blues college admissions scandal.
[Operation Varsity Blues' Jovan Vavic Intends to Fight His Charges In Court]
At least Vavic's fate will be decided this year in a Boston courtroom. The treatment of his sons Marko and Stefan remain open-ended. The two Vavics have not touched the water for competition the past two years despite being listed on the USC men's polo roster.
Marko (cap) & Jovan Vavic after winning 2018 NCAA title. Photo Courtesy: Catharyn Hayne
The Trojan legal department must be afraid that allowing head coach Marko Pintaric to play two of his best athletes will lead to an NCAA investigation concerning eligibility. Whatever the reason, it can be said that that cautious approach cost USC a national championship. A 13-12 loss to Cal in last month's NCAA final can be directly attributed to forcing Marko—an Olympian and therefore one of our country's top players—and his brother to sit in the stands while their Trojan teammates squandered a late two-goal lead.
[NATIONAL CHAMPIONS! Cal's Men's Water Polo Team Defeats USC For 15th NCAA Title]
Compounding this situation is the silence surrounding their absence—so much so that during the broadcast of the 2021 NCAA final, there was no mention of either Vavic. A recent inquiry to the Trojans' athletic compliance office resulted in a response that despite being in good academic standing—and with no acknowledgement of any athletic infractions—both Marko and Stefan were in fact ineligible this season.
But no one will say why.
It should be noted that David Roberts, chair of the NCAA Committee on Infractions, is listed on LinkedIn as Vice President for Athletic Compliance at USC and recently served as the Trojans' interim Athletic Director.
Apparently, Vavic's sons are being punished for the crimes their father has been accused. Is this a situation that polo fans are comfortable with? Is it one we should accept going into a momentous new year when so much is uncertain—including a new round of positive COVID-19 cases due to the arrival of the Omicron variant?
If there's one thing that's needed a year after COVID almost wrecked polo, it's understanding how this great sport can best reflect the passion of those who support it—and how USAWP leadership will confront hard truths so as to make polo the sport we all hope it can be.
Top Five Stories from 2021: No 2—Will Water Polo be Better in 2022?
AnalysisCommentaryOlympicsUSA MenUSA Water PoloUSA WomenVarsity MenVarsity Women
2020 Tokyo OlympicsAdam KrikorianBahram HojrehBill SmithCal-BerkeleyChris RamseyCovid-19David RobertsDejan UdovicicGuy BakerJovan VavicMan with a HatMarko VavicMichael RandazzoMike GraffMonmouth CollegePeter OllisRoger HaynesStefan VavicTom BurekUSA Water PoloUSAWPUSC
Fan in the Stands: A Bronx Water Polo Tale


Isfahan is on the alluvial plain of Zayanderud (the largest river in the center of Iran). It is one of the cities that is said to be as old as the country Iran. Isfahan was usually among the biggest cities of Iran throughout the history. Historians said that this city existed even before the Achenaed dynasty. This city used to be the capital of Iran for more than 900 years during Achaemenid and Sasanian Empires. Islamic army invaded Isfahan in 641 and from that time on the Islamic architecture started to grow there. This city was in its most magnificence and magnitude during Shah Abbas I's rule. He chose Isfahan as the capital and built a lot of marvelous buildings in it. Since that time, Isfahan has been dubbed "Nesf-e-Jahan" (Half of the world). At the end of the Safavieh dynasty, Afghans attacked the city and massacre the people. And after that Isfahan was ruined at the end of Qajar dynasty. Zell-e Soltan, Naser al-Din Shah's son, demolished many of its buildings and used the materials to build his own famous palace, called Zell-e Soltan Palace, in Tehran.
This mosque is located next to Imam (Naghsh-e-Jahan) Square and its unique dome, portal, tile works, and beautiful inscriptions make it more stunning. The process of building took 17 years from 1603.
In Jelfa district, south of zayanderud, there exist 14 churches, the most well-known of which is Vanak Church which was constructed during Shah Abbas II time. This church includes paintings of Jesus Christ's life, ornaments, and stuccos. Vanak museum is also in this church.
This famous bridge is located in the south of Chahar Bagh Street and it comprises 33 arches. The construction started in 1603 by Shah Abbas and finished by Allah-Verdi Khan. 'This bridge is 300 meters high and 14 meters wide.
Khaju Brdige was created by Shah Abbas II in 1650 on Zayanderud and it is 132 meters high and 12 meters wide. In terms of architecture and tile work is extremely interesting and famous.
This palace was built in 1647 in an area of 67000 square meters during Shah Abbas II rule. This building has a great balcony, 18 pillars, Mirror Hall, and several rooms with fantastic mirror works, stuccos and interesting paintings.
Monarjonban is Abu Abdollah's tomb which was built in 1316. Because of the ratio between the height and width of the minarets, if one minaret is shaken, the other will shake as well.
This school is one of the most famous historical schools in Isfahan which was built by Shah Soltan Hossein in 1706-1714 and it is the last masterwork in Safavieh's architecture era. Near this school there's is a Bazar called Shahi.
This mosque, formerly called Shah Mosque or Soltani Mosque, was built by Shah Abbas Kabir in 1612-1631. From the architectural point of view, its tile works, great dome, and minarets are masterstrokes of 17th century. The dome is 54 meters and the minarets are 52 meters high.
This rectangle square in Isfahan is surrounded by other historical places, namely, Alighapoo, Abbasi mosque, and Shekh Lotfollah Mosque . It is 507 m long and 158 m wide. During Timurid dynasty it used to be smaller, but they expanded it at Shah Abbas I time.


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Q: MongoDB db files movement I am using mongodb and I have changed the dbpath. Can I just copy all the files from the earlier dbpath to the new dbpath?
PS: I have come across the mongodump alternative which might be a bit tedious. So I am interested in knwoing whether plain copying work?

A: Yes, you can just do a normal copy if you shutdown your mongod first. You don't need to copy mongod.lock.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Top 50 Artists From 1955-1959
Elvis Presley #1 Artist 1955-1959
The fifties was the decade that started the Rock N Roll era. There were a lot of new comers and faces during this period. We have provided a list of the top 50 artists from 1955-1959. Some artists only had one hit, these are called One Hit Wonders and they are never from again.
Knowing the popular artist will also provide how their music or style of music stood the test of time when compared to other artists that were also recording at the same time or, at least, during the same era. Artists include stand-alone male and female and groups or duos.
During this period, there were a total of 88 singles that peaked at the #1 position. The year of 1958 had a total of 23 songs that hit #1. The year of 1958 also had the most charted singles with 576. In the period, there were a total of 2,331 songs that made the charts and over 300 unique artists that released a single.
Pat Boone #2 Artist 1955-1959
Some of the artists from this period were successful with crossover hits into the other fields such as Country & Western and Rhythm and Blues.
Ranking Of The Top 50 Artists
To determine the top 50 artists, we had to use a point system that would be fair to all artists that charted singles in this period. The point system used is as follows:
1. The highest chart position reached on the Hot 100, Hot 100 Airplay or Bubbling Under charts.
2. Point breakdown as follows:
• #1 = 100 points for its first week at #1, plus 10 points for each additional week.
• #2 = 90 points for its first week at #2, plus 5 points for each additional week.
• #4-5 = 70 points
• #6-10 = 60 points
• #11-15 = 50 points
• #91-100 = 10 points
• #101-110 = 5 points
3. Total weeks charted are added in.
4. In case of a tie, the artist listed first is determined by the following tie-breaker rules:
1) Most charted singles
2) Most Top 40 singles
Nat King Cole #5 Artist 1955-1959
When two artists combine for a hit single, such as Kenny Rogers and Dolly Parton, the full point total is given to both artists. Duos like Simon & Garfunkel and Hall & Oates are considered recording teams and their points are not shared.
Adjustment made for featured and lead artists. A featured artist on a single will receive 20% of the point total and the lead artist receives 100% of the point total.
Rank / Artist Points
1. Elvis Presley 3,410
2. Pat Boone 2,736
3. Perry Como 1,938
4. Fats Domino 1,803
5. Nat "King" Cole 1,662
6. The Platters 1,597
7. Ricky Nelson 1,402
8. Frank Sinatra 1,348
9. The McGuire Sisters 1,191
10. Bill Haley & His Comets 1,130
11. The Everly Brothers 1,080
12. Johnny Mathis 1,073
13. The Four Lads 1,063
14. Patti Page 1,050
15. Four Aces 955
16. The Diamonds 928
17. Jimmie Rogers 902
18. Paul Anka 891
19. Chuck Berry 861
20. The Fontane Sisters 855
21. Teresa Brewer 854
22. Billy Vaughn 820
23. Little Richard 808
24. Frankie Avalon 797
25. The Ames Brothers 792
26. Eddie Fisher 786
27. Connie Francis 783
28. Andy Williams 755
29. Sarah Vaughan 728
30. Georgia Gibbs 696
31. Sam Cooke 691
32. Jaye P. Morgan 687
33. Buddy Holly & The Crickets 656
34. The Coasters 654
35. Gale Storm 649
36. Johnny Cash 647
37. Guy Mitchell 623
38. Mitch Miller 621
39. The Crew-Cuts 608
40. Roger Williams 602
41. The Chordettes 599
42. Lloyd Price 593
43. Bobby Darin 581
44. Tony Bennett 572
45. Dean Martin 539
46. Joni James 533
47. Clyde McPhatter 528
48. "Tennessee" Ernie Ford 524
49. Tommy Edwards 516
50. Doris Day 505


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Policy & Administration>Judicial Council>Judicial Council Members>Commissioner Rebecca L. Wightman
Commissioner Rebecca L. Wightman
Judicial Council Meetings
Judicial Council Members
Apply or Nominate for Judicial Council and Advisory Body Membership
Judicial Branch Strategic Plan
Judicial Council Staff
Judicial Council Index
Hon. Rebecca L. Wightman
Commissioner, Superior Court of San Francisco County
Current Term: May 1, 2018–Sept 14, 2020
Membership: Advisory member, appointed by Chief Justice Tani G. Cantil-Sakauye
Internal Committees: Technology Committee
Council Liaison to: Superior Courts of Contra Costa, Marin, and Sonoma Counties
Since 2000, Commissioner Rebecca Wightman has served as a family law commissioner for the Superior Court of San Francisco County. During that time, she has handled cases that include child support, custody and visitation, and judicial settlements.
Commissioner Wightman was selected by her peers in 2015 to receive the inaugural Commissioner of the Year Award, given by the California Court Commissioner Association.
She is currently working with the Judicial Council's Center for Judicial Education and Research to combine the child support and family law benchguides into a universal Family Law Support Handbook.
Commissioner Wightman remains an active member of the Judicial Stakeholders' Committee, a joint committee of the state Department of Child Support Services and the Judicial Council that reviews proposed state regulations. She also serves on the San Francisco court's Executive Committee to develop policies for court operations. Due to her experience, dedication and knowledge of court procedures and IT systems, she chairs the San Francisco court's IT committee and will oversee the implementation of the court's new case management system.
Commissioner Wightman previously worked as a commissioner, temporary judge, traffic and discovery referee, and juvenile court hearing officer for the Superior Court of Marin County.


Payroll and Expenses Assistant required to join a Global growing business based in Cambridge.
This role will report into the Payroll Manager and support the wider finance team with Payroll, Pension and Expenses. Candidates must have a minimum of 2 years payroll experience and be willing to learn. Main responsibilities will include supporting the UK and International Payroll.
The successful candidate will have the opportunity to progress within Payroll. Candidates must have good payroll knowledge and excellent attention to detail.
This role offers a competitive salary and benefits package including plenty of on-site parking, accessible via A14, M11 and city centre.


Home / Uncategorized / Year of the Horse.
There are a lot of things that will be happening in the near future. I spent sometime organizing my upcoming projects and realized I have about fourteen pieces in the works. Pieces range from solo piano works to full orchestra, so there is a diverse set of music coming in the next year.
There is also going to be a lot more activity here as well. I have some ideas in the queue.
There will be descriptions of my writing process as well as descriptions of past works.
An orchestral experiment that I have been wanting to get done.
A series of found notations.
A bi-weekly composition challenge over at reddit.
It is 2014, the year of the horse, (I know that I am a little late for the start of the new year, but I have been busy) and I am going to make sure that it is a period of increased productivity.
Stay tuned to for updates.


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'Make companies pay for alcohol treatment'
Sarah Lagan
Published Sep 18, 2019 at 8:00 am (Updated Sep 18, 2019 at 10:39 am)
Bold demand: Leslie Grant, the executive director of substance abuse intervention agency Focus Counselling Services (Photograph by Sarah Lagan)
Ethiopians dominate the podium
Gubbins and Morseman clinch Challenge crowns
Class shines through for McColgan
Boat owners tell story of fire disaster
Olympic star talks about mental illness
Liquor companies should pitch in to help fund addiction treatment, according to the head of the substance abuse intervention agency Focus Counselling Services.
Leslie Grant, the executive director, made the call as he highlighted the need for extra resources in Bermuda's recovery community. Mr Grant, who took the reins from Sandy Butterfield as executive director of the charity in April, said the service would host an open house today, to raise much needed funds.
Alcoholism ranks as one of the island's top forms of substance abuse, the internationally certified alcohol and drug counsellor and clinical supervisor said. Mr Grant called for the companies turning the biggest profits on alcohol to step up to a positive role.
He told The Royal Gazette: "I am not saying that the alcohol stores and companies are the cause. They do provide the substance, but they don't make people drink it. However, many of them do make a lot of money and in some countries, the alcohol companies put quite a lot of money towards treatment. I can't say that they do that here.
"Alcohol is one of the most prevalent substances; it is not the only substance, but these companies could support the community, by sharing some of those profits to support the recovery community. It could help Focus and a lot of other charities and facilities; they could make a big difference."
Mr Grant added that he would like to see a specific fund to support treatment for all forms of substance abuse. He said: "There are different entities that raise funds, but I am talking about being able to provide resources and treatment overseas for persons who can't get the kind of treatment they need here in Bermuda.
"Pathways Bermuda does assist, but they do the best that they can. There are people who could benefit, not only from a different environment, but a different treatment modality, and for a longer period of time — a mid to long-term facility that is offered that is in another country. There is no funding for that."
Focus provides supportive residency or sober living programmes, drop-in centre and individual and group counselling services for its clients, but Mr Grant says it would like to extend the level of support it offers under his leadership.
The charity's open house today runs from 10am to 3pm at 36 Union Street in Hamilton for networking with partners and to "reintroduce itself and its services" to the community.
Dignitaries attending will include Alison Crocket, the Deputy Governor. Mr Grant encouraged potential donors to attend to hear the charity's latest plans.
He explained: "We are having our open house to show the public that we are open for business and that we offer more than a place of refuge."
Mr Grant said he hoped to counter perceptions that "guys just come up here to hang out and sleep".
He added: "The drop-in centre does offer a safe space; they do need that, but we want to take it to the next level and provide more opportunities for them. We want to implement new programmes and structures to encourage recovery.
"We have already started; we have psychoeducational services, information about substance abuse disorder, the effects on the person, body and community, and we are looking to structure that."
Focus is launching additional services catering specifically to women, he said. The majority will be referrals, but the service also aims to offer "some individual counselling as well".
"We want to be providing services on a consistent basis to support a healthier community," he said. Mr Grant has served as senior counsellor at The Right Living House, an in-prison residential treatment programme.
He also worked at the Turning Point substance abuse programme as an addiction counsellor for six years, as well as a consultant counsellor for Pathways Bermuda.
Mr Grant said the top challenge for Focus was its resources.
He added: "We do not have a full-time counsellor, and I have other responsibilities, now including oversight of clinical services, operational management, fundraising and building on existing programmes.
"We can provide outpatient treatment and individual and group counselling, but not on a consistent basis, as we are without a full-time counsellor. I have some, very little, time to counsel — that is not ideal, but we have to make it happen. We have a lot of lives to save."
• Focus is looking for volunteers for its tag day on September 28 who can spare two or three hours at numerous locations around the island. For details, e-mail Mr Grant at lpgrant@focsu.bm or call 296-2196
Internet users about $800,000 'Samsung' scam


Issued at 9:01pm on Sunday 14 September 2014.
for Upper Derwent Valley, South East, North West Coast, Central North, North East, Western, Central Plateau, Midlands and East Coast forecast districts.
Issued at 9:03pm on Sunday 14 September 2014.
Icy roads may make driving conditions dangerous early Monday morning in parts of the North West Coast, Central North, North East, Western, Central Plateau, Midlands, East Coast, Upper Derwent Valley and South East forecast districts.
The next alert will be issued by 5am Monday.


text:
Only show open access (2)
Parasitology Open (2)
Shedding of Cryptosporidium in calves and dams: evidence of re-infection and shedding of different gp60 subtypes
Sarah Thomson, Elisabeth A. Innes, Nicholas N. Jonsson, Frank Katzer
Journal: Parasitology / Volume 146 / Issue 11 / September 2019
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 22 July 2019, pp. 1404-1413
Print publication: September 2019
One of the most common causes of calf diarrhoea is the parasite Cryptosporidium parvum. Two longitudinal studies were carried out on a dairy farm Scotland to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium species and subtypes in a group of calves and to determine whether dams were a possible source of calfhood infection. Fecal samples were collected from 25 calves from birth to 12 months in the first year. In the second year, fecal samples were collected from pregnant cows (n = 29) and their calves (n = 30) from birth to 6 months. The samples were tested for Cryptosporidium and speciated. Cryptosporidium parvum-positive samples were subtyped by GP60 fragment analysis. All calves in both studies shed Cryptosporidium during the study period. Cryptosporidium parvum was the predominant species detected in calves ⩽6 weeks of age and at 6 months of age, C. bovis and C. ryanae were detected in calves older than 4 weeks of age but ⩽6 months of age. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium was higher in younger animals than in older animals. GP60 subtyping revealed two subtypes in calves on this farm (IIaA15G2R1 and IIaA19G2R1) that differed in frequency by age. Adult cattle also shed C. parvum, of four gp60 genotypes.
A multiplex PCR test to identify four common cattle-adapted Cryptosporidium species - CORRIGENDUM
Journal: Parasitology Open / Volume 5 / 2019
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 February 2019, e1
A multiplex PCR test to identify four common cattle-adapted Cryptosporidium species
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 22 April 2016, e5
Cryptosporidium is a well-known cause of neonatal enteritis in cattle worldwide. Cattle are commonly infected with four different species of Cryptosporidium but only one of these, Cryptosporidium parvum, is associated with clinical disease. Identification of species in cases of calf scour can give an indication if Cryptosporidium is the causative agent or not. In addition, C. parvum is a zoonotic species and so has implications for human health, for this reason it is important to identify the species of Cryptosporidium infecting cattle particularly where a farm is implicated in an outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in humans. Here a multiplex PCR test, which can identify the four common cattle-adapted Cryptosporidium species, including C. parvum, has been developed. This test allows quick and accurate detection of Cryptosporidium species in cattle fecal samples including mixed infections, which could be missed by the more common method of sequencing the same gene.


When the emperor finally found the Primarch of the 11th legion he had a bit of a problem. She wasn't happy to be found. It had taken way longer than the rest of the primarchs not because she was far away hidden on some dammed planet of fire or stalking the guilty on some backwater planet. The reason was very simple, she was a blank. Blanks are like the opposite of Psykers instead of generating powers of the mind they absorb them like a bubble of psychic blackness. The emperor had known Lilith Cassius may be a woman due to 3/4 of the marines created from her genetic material becoming female. what he wasn't ready for was her answer, "No". She told the emperor to go stuff his crusade. After many attempts to cajole her and even an attempt at force, he finally tried reason. Lilith still refused. After too many attempts and too much bloodshed, they finally came to an accord. She would stay out of his way and he would purge her from the imperial record. His only parting gift to his daughter was any of her progeny that wanted to go with their primarch could stay with her and the rest were folded into the existing legions. Some believe that the warp storm that obscured her planet was too convenient as it started soon after the departure of the emperor. After 10,000 years the storm has finally abated, now free will the galaxy be ready for her legions wrath.
Ill try to keep you updated as i assemble more figures. till next time, have fun and see you in the 4x8 arena.


Wards Blackpool Ltd are specialist remedial surveyors and contractors based in Blackpool, mainly serving Blackpool, the Fylde Coast and surrounding areas.
The installation of chemical, physical, and electro-osmosis damp-proof courses and associated building works.
We offer professional advice and solutions to condensation and associated problems.
Professional surveys and written reports for all forms of dampness, timber infestation or decay. We offer advice and solutions to condensation and associated problems.
The installation of remedial cavity wall ties, lateral restraints, crack stitching and masonry repairs.
The application of drained cavity membrane systems (compliant to BS 8102) to existing domestic, commercial or new builds properties.
In-situ treatment of wood-boring beetles.
The identification and eradication of both DRY AND WET ROT.
This family run business based in Blackpool has undertaken a range of varied projects (almost 5,000) on behalf of local authorities, housing associations, architectural practices, churches, developers, building contractors and private home owners. We are equipped to undertake contracts mainly in the West Lancashire area.
All works are covered by a long term guarantees with back up insurance available.
Our surveyor Colin Hargreaves C.S.R.T. is a fully qualified Certified Surveyor Remedial Treatment and is backed by operatives fully trained in the trade disciplines and treatment of sites utilising products which comply with COSHH Regulations and we use the most environmentally friendly and cost effective treatments available.


The PLUS version of the Camden Galv, has Heavy Duty tray supports that add extra strength. This is an important part of the wheelbarrow because it passes the weight of the tray into the wheel.
Comes equipped with an 85 Ltr Galvanised protection steel tray, ideal for the outdoors, with a British style design. The Black frame is very reliable with a one piece tubular design. The tray of the Camden has a specific narrow design that allows easier access through doors, Heavy Duty front tray supports that add strength to the overall design, a large wheel to give better balance with a steel rim for added safety and everlasting grips.
Camden Classic Galv, Camden Plus, Chasseur, Original Galv.


Center For Health and Wellness - Medical Marijuana Clinic Jacksonville is a cannabis dispensary in Jacksonville, Florida.
Everyone was friendly. I was able to explain my need to see someone as soon as possible and they were able to help me out. Thanks!
High recommended best decision of my life. Very respectful down to earth and knowledgeable.
The entire staff was great. Email approval only took 8 days. I highly recommend this facility.
Very understanding, very polite, outstanding office staff. Highly recommended for anyone who feels the need for medical marijuana.


text:
<?php namespace AdammBalogh\KeyValueStore\Adapter\MemcacheAdapter;

use AdammBalogh\KeyValueStore\AbstractKvsMemcacheTestCase;
use AdammBalogh\KeyValueStore\Adapter\MemcacheAdapter;
use AdammBalogh\KeyValueStore\KeyValueStore;

class ServerTraitTest extends AbstractKvsMemcacheTestCase
{
    /**
     * @dataProvider kvsProvider
     *
     * @param KeyValueStore $kvs
     * @param MemcacheAdapter $dummyMemchAdapter
     * @param \Memcache $dummyMemch
     */
    public function testFlush(KeyValueStore $kvs, MemcacheAdapter $dummyMemchAdapter, \Memcache $dummyMemch)
    {
        $dummyMemch->shouldReceive('flush')->andReturn(true);

        $this->assertNull($kvs->flush());
    }

    /**
     * @expectedException \Exception
     *
     * @dataProvider kvsProvider
     *
     * @param KeyValueStore $kvs
     * @param MemcacheAdapter $dummyMemchAdapter
     * @param \Memcache $dummyMemch
     */
    public function testFlushError(KeyValueStore $kvs, MemcacheAdapter $dummyMemchAdapter, \Memcache $dummyMemch)
    {
        $dummyMemch->shouldReceive('flush')->andReturn(false);

        $kvs->flush();
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


When we first started designing our members only area, we heard a lot of talk about going to one site for all of your recipe and menu planning needs. We totally understand and have created some unique tools that we think you'll love. Meal planner, customized grocery list, chat box to our nutritional team with more cool stuff added constantly.
But before you get started with our awesome tools, you'll want to head to our health questionnaire. This is a unique way for you to see how your every day symptoms are impacting your overall quality of life. And then, we'll get you started on easy tips to bring your body back to balance.
We're also here for you to answer any questions and to be your cheerleader on this journey. By subscribing to our newsletter, you'll be getting our tips, tricks and other useful information in your inbox every week. Don't worry, you can change your email subscriptions at any time.
We are so excited for you to start your Low Fat Low Carb journey with us!


We provide Christmas Light installation as a part of our service offerings, and I get asked pretty frequently why someone would hire an expert, rather than channel their own inner Clark Griswold. The answers might not be completely clear until you start digging. Luckily, in my experience, I have come across scenarios where hiring a pro would save plenty of time and money.
Safety. For starters, getting on roofs or using ladders have risk associated with them; when we fall our bodies don't bounce, they break. Hiring pros will definitely ensure your safety, and mitigate any injuries that could occur. Experts will come with at least 2 team members (help with holding and moving ladders). They are trained in harnesses, the G.O.A.T (roof anchor) and using specialized shoes for traversing roofs. If you aren't sure that you can safely do the installation, please call someone to help!
Saves Space. When you hire an expert, they bring all the tools and inventory necessary to make your lights look great. In turn, they also take down the lights in January and store the inventory for the next year. This means you don't have to take up space for storage, and you won't have to fight the entangled lights. Sounds like a win/win.
Saves Time. Experts are experts for a reason. An experienced team of Christmas Lights installers can install a job from 30 minutes-4 hours (all depending on the amount of work). If you are in a pinch and need the lights up quick, you may want to look into hiring pros. Additionally, you can save the holiday times for spending time with loved ones and enjoying the holiday!
Convenience- Let's face it, the holiday times typically aren't the most ideal for being outside doing chores. Hiring an expert gives you peace of mind your lights display will look great, and you don't have to freeze or get wet doing so. These times are hectic, consider taking it off your plate to concentrate on other important matters.
Service Guarantee. With Christmas decorations, the weather (mainly wind) is not your friend. Also, lights go out, it happens. Christmas lights experts offer in their service, a 24-hour service guarantee. If any light goes out, lights fall or anything else that can happen, happens, they will send a technician out within 24 hours to fix. Your lights will always be on and looking good with a professional installer behind them.
In closing, the 5 best reasons to hire an expert to install your Christmas lights are Safety, Saving Space, Saving Time, Convenience, and 24 Hour service of your lights. Thanks for watching! If you have any questions or feedback please let us know in the feedback section attached to this video. See ya next time!


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Joannes Cieremans, também referido em Portugal como João Pascácio Cosmander ou simplesmente Cosmander ('s-Hertogenbosch, 7 de abril de 1602 — Olivença, 20 de junho de 1648), foi um matemático, engenheiro-militar e arquitecto neerlandês, membro da Companhia de Jesus.

Biografia
No contexto da Restauração da independência portuguesa, a partir de 1640, ante a iminência de uma invasão espanhola, impôs-se a completa reestruturação das fortificações fronteiriças de Portugal, adaptando-se as estruturas ainda medievais às exigências da artilharia da época.

Neste contexto, Cosmander foi convidado por João IV de Portugal a trabalhar no país, tendo aceitado o cargo com a patente de Coronel de Engenheiros do Exército Português.

Após o início das hostilidades com a Espanha, estando os melhores fortificadores do país em serviço no Ultramar, Cosmander era o melhor especialista no reino, tendo sido encarregado, pelo Conselho de Guerra, de inspecionar o estado das fortificações de Lisboa e Setúbal.

São provavelmente de sua autoria a traça de duas das principais fortificações iniciadas para a defesa de Lisboa - o Forte de São João das Maias, o Forte de São Pedro de Paço de Arcos e o Forte de Santiago de Sesimbra, tendo trabalhado ainda nas obras do Forte de Santiago do Outão.

Em 1643 encontrava-se já no Alentejo para onde fora enviado com Philipe Guitau e Rui Correia Lucas, na qualidade de engenheiro da província do Alentejo, constituindo uma Junta para disporem do que fosse necessário para a fortificação daquela província. A sua obra-prima é a Praça-forte de Elvas, que desenhou e construiu, tendo-se também distinguido na sua defesa, após o que foi nomeado Superintendente das Fortificações, o que lhe deu ascendência sobre os demais engenheiros, nomeadamente o Engenheiro-mor do Reino, Charles Lassard, que era considerado menos competente que Cosmander.

No Alentejo trabalhou nas seguintes fortificações:

 Évora (Forte de Santo António da Piedade?)
 Praça-forte de Estremoz
 Portas e baluartes da segunda linha de fortificações (Estremoz) (século XVII)
 Praça-forte de Olivença
 Praça-forte de Campo Maior
 Castelo de Vide
 Fortaleza de Juromenha, cujos trabalhos foram iniciados e suspensos devidos aos elevados custos e às dificuldades técnicas que se materializaram.

Quando trabalhando nas obras da Praça-forte de Olivença, foi surpreendido pelos espanhóis quando se deslocava de Estremoz para Elvas em 1647, para o lado dos quais se passou, em ato de traição à Coroa portuguesa. Dirigindo em seguida ataque contra os portugueses em Olivença, então governada por D. João Telo de Meneses, foi atingido mortalmente por um tiro, ao tentar forçar uma porta que sabia mais fácil de entrar, a 18 ou 20 de Junho de 1648.

Bibliografia
 NUNES, António Lopes Pires. Dicionário de Arquitetura Militar. Casal de Cambra: Caleidoscópio, 2005. 264p. il. ISBN 972-8801-94-7

Ligações externas
 VALLA, Margarida. "O papel dos arquitectos e engenheiros militares na transmissão das formas urbanas portuguesas". Comunicação apresentada no IV Congresso Luso-Afro-Brasileiro, Rio de Janeiro, 1996.

Arquitetura militar
Arquitetos de Portugal
Arquitetos dos Países Baixos
Matemáticos dos Países Baixos

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I don't know about you, but as a child I can remember being terrified after watching 1950's science fiction movies. Looking back as an adult, they now just seem a bit silly.
But you know what? Looking around, it occurs to me, that the Invasion of the Body Slumpers is already here.
So have you been taken over?
Pulled your head back and down?
Completely squashed the back of your neck, so far in fact that your neck may have completely disappeared?
Exposed the front of your throat and stuck out your chin?
Rolled your shoulders forward so that the whole of the front of your body is collapsed?
Noticed that your ribs are in danger of making contact with your stomach?
Rounded your upper back in a way that would do a gnarled old, fairyland witch proud?
Rotated your pelvis underneath, so you're sitting on the lowest part of your spine?
Welcome to the very common, world of The Slump. Don't get me wrong. I know how easy it is to fall into The Slump's trap. It's easy, familiar and look around any public space and you'll notice that lots of people seem to do it.
I'm more than prone to a slump it if I'm tired, miserable or experiencing a "can't be bothered" mood. But thankfully, my slumps are becoming more and more short-lived and I'll show you how to do the same yourself.
The slump or slouch is not a pretty sight. But as I've been discovering recently, slumping can also seriously damage your health. I don't want to cause undue alarm (generally I don't like to cause a fuss!). But you need to know that The Slump is not good.
It's obvious that using the body in this way can be disastrous for our back – cue lots of back and neck pain, wear and tear on joints.
But what I hadn't been aware of until recently is that scientists at the University of Leeds think slouching may also be linked to issues with blood pressure. They've discovered that cells in neck muscles send messages to the brain when we move, possibly to make sure our blood supply is adequate. When our posture is poor (think hours and hours slumping) these neck muscle cells can be damaged leading to less than perfect blood pressure. The researchers admit that more research is required but I don't know about you, but I'm prepared to take their word for it.
So far, that's reason enough to stop slumping, but there's more. Researchers at the University of Queensland have found that women suffering from a prolapse or stress incontinence have less curve in their lower spine than women who don't have these issues.
"If you're sitting in a slumped, C–shaped posture, there's more weight bearing down on your bladder and pelvic floor muscles, which will weaken them over time and make you more likely to leak." Explains Sammy Margo of the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy.
Enough said there I think.
My daughter demonstrating how to sit well without a hint of a slump - she was determined to get involved somehow.
So what can we do to stop this invasion of slumping?
Here's my quick step guide to help you fight back.
1.Think of your head moving gently upwards away from the shoulders. This isn't about lifting the chin up and in fact you may need to lower it a tiny, tiny amount so that the back of the neck is nice and long. If you place your hand on the top of your head, just slightly to the back, this is the area that you want to imagine is moving upwards.
Release any tension in the shoulders and upper back, maybe move a bit if this will help. It's not something you can force, it's more about undoing the tension and letting it happen, so don't put effort into this.
2.When asked to sit up straight, many people fall into the trap of narrowing the back and sitting the chest out. This just leads to more strain. Think of widening across the back and of the shoulders gently heading in opposite directions as your head lengthens upwards.
3.Sit on your sitting bones (the part of your pelvis that is designed for the purpose). To find them (best not to do this in a public place) place your hands underneath your bottom and you should find two nobbly bits of bones. Make sure they are directly underneath you- if you're sat on a hard chair, you should be able to feel them. Gently think of your back stretching upwards, not trying to flatten it in any way, but allowing its natural gently curves.
4.Breathe. Don't try and hold this as a posture so that you're sat completely rigid, think of it as a dynamic process.
Together, we can fight this deadly invasion.
So I'd love to know how you got on. Firstly, where and when do you tend to slump? Is it more likely to happen at a certain time of day or when you sit in a particular chair? And how did you get on with the four steps?


It appeared that the endless saga of the negotiations between the Syriza government and the European lenders had come to an end. After five months of ferocious zigzags, suspense, and fear, a certain deal had been reached. A sense of relief was radiating from the world press, the technocrats, and government bureaucrats. Whether the deal would be a success or not, however, seemed to depend on whom you ask.
Open the door, turn on the light, heat up the water, check the refrigerators, lay out the chairs, clean the tables, light the candles, put out the ashtrays, check the register, count the change, cut the limes, put on music, wash the glasses, turn on the fan, pour the beer, mix the drinks, serve the customers, listen to their stories, comfort their loneliness, make the ice, clean the counter, tell a joke, take the money.
Sometime around 1950, "February House," the famous boarding house for writers and artists at 7 Middagh Street in Brooklyn Heights, was bulldozed along with its neighbors to make way for the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway.