This essay, from the October 18, 1900, issue of The Nation, is a special selection from The Nation Digital Archive. If you want to read everything The Nation has ever published on presidential politics, click here for information on how to acquire individual access to the Archive--an electronic database of every Nation article since 1865.
Yet so low is the Republican estate that the party managers hail such accessions with rapture. These left-handed compliments they seize upon delightedly as proof that the party has not, after all, driven away all intelligence or affronted every conscience. "See," they gleefully exclaim, "Mr. Ottendorfer is with us. To be sure, he says McKinley is a vermicular man, who ought never to have been thought of for the Presidency, and whose Administration has been a wretched failure. Mr. Ottendorfer may not vote for him, but, anyhow, he is against Bryan. What a triumph that is for our candidate!" They even pounce with joy upon the pronouncement of the Rev. Dr. Bacon against Bryan, although in the very same letter he said of McKinley: "We cannot tell where to find him in any future emergency, but may calculate, with much probability, on finding him in contradiction to his avowed principles." And this is called "supporting" a man for the Presidency!
The truth is, there has seldom been a candidate for President whose personality was such a drag upon his canvass. The veriest idolaters and myth-makers cannot picture McKinley as a hero or a leader. He is running for office purely on the badness of his opponent. Ask frank Republicans their opinion of the outcome if it were Cleveland against McKinley. They will admit that their man would be nowhere. Far from kindling enthusiasm and carrying a cause with him in inspiring leadership, he calls for apologies instead of for cheers, and is a dead weight upon the cause–the gold standard–which has to carry him. This is an awful break with our Presidential traditions. Personality has notoriously always counted for much with Americans. They like to swear by names rather than measures. They often make a popular hero out of the most refractory material. Four years ago many of them persuaded themselves that they could see an heroic feature or two in McKinley. But they have given it up now. They will take him, if they do at all, shudderingly, and as a forced but dreaded alternative.
We would not be thought to jest about what is really a very serious matter. Inability to respect a candidate for its highest office is little short of a disaster for a democracy. It often suffers strange delusions about public men, falls down before images with feet of clay, and all that; but that is better than the political dejection which comes from the general conviction that voting is reduced to a balancing of dangers, and a choice between two unworthy personalities. "Vote as you shot," used to be the shibboleth. "Vote as you pray," was another. This year the watchword is, "Vote as you take medicine " That is not a healthful or hopeful state of a democratic body politic. Casting a ballot in the spirit in which you would get a prescription filled, is a poor substitute for the old proud way of "executing a freeman's will." It will not be an inspiring sight on election day–the number of good citizens who will be seen coming from the polls with pain and illness written on their faces, and who will explain their melancholy and distress by saying that they had been voting for McKinley.
What Would an 'Open Borders' World Actually Look Like?


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text:
Q: .NET Inheritance : Returning an instance of a class which implements a given interface from a MusiInherit/abstract function I have a base class which contains an abstract/MustInherit method.  I  want this method to return an instance of a class which implements a given interface.
When I come to implement the method in the derived class, I get a compiler error because the return types do not match (ie. in the abstract class, the return type is that of the interface, whereas in the derived class the return type is the class which implements the interface).
Can anyone clarify the underlying problem for me?  I can't quite get my head around what's wrong.  Especially given that the specified return type of the abstract method is an interface, which can't be instantiated, so surely the method implementation must return an instance of class which implements the interface? Maybe I just can't see the wood for the trees.
I can code around the issue by making the base class generic (and I can specify that T must implement my interface), then the abstract method would return an instance of T.  I'm not sure about that solution though.  It seems a bit of a hack, I don't get why I can't do it with straight inheritance.

A: The way I envision your code now is that you have an abstract base class containing a method (GetFruit) that returns an interface that I'll call IFruit. In a derived class, you want to be able to return (from this same GetFruit method) an Apple object that implements the IFruit interface.
However, as convenient as that might be, the Common Language Specification (CLS) does not allow compliant languages to support return type covariance. This includes all of the .NET languages, like VB.NET and C#. There is a lot of misinformation that exists on exactly why this limitation arises and what exactly is responsible for this limitation, but the simple answer is that you cannot narrow the return type on a method in a derived class to a more specific derivation.
That means that even though Apple implements IFruit, you cannot type the method in a derived class to return Apple. The overridden methods must have the same return value signature as that of their base. So, instead, each method must return an object of the same type (IFruit) for all classes that derive from your base class. Simply changing the return value of the method in your derived class to be the same type as the method in the base class will solve your problem.
You mention the possibility of making the base class generic, and while this would probably work, it seems to introduce unnecessary complexity. Using my contrived example above, since an Apple fully implements the IFruit interface, you should get the full benefit of type checking and even Intellisense by simply returning IFruit from your derived classes.
EDIT: If you're open to something a little bit hack-ish, you can always re-declare the method in your derived class (by marking it as new or Shadows). This will allow you to return whatever type of object that you want, regardless of the signature of the method in the base class. However, remember that there is no way to re-declare and override a method at the same time, so you're not truly polymorphic.

A: Here is one way you could accomplish what you're after:
public interface ISomething {}
public class Something : ISomething {}

public abstract class Base
{
    public ISomething Method()
    {
        return DoMethod();
    }

    protected abstract ISomething DoMethod();
}

public class Derived : Base
{
    public new Something Method()
    {
        return (Something) DoMethod();
    }

    protected override ISomething DoMethod()
    {
        return null; //derived logic here
    }
}

The issue is that overridden methods are constrained to have the exact same signature as their base.  Suppose you were to create a value type that implements ISomething and then specialized the override in Derived to return the value type.  Now the overridden method is returning a value type that implements the interface, but, calling the method from the Base, you would expect to get a boxed value type of the form of the interface.  If the Derived call returned an unboxed value when calling through the Base, the calling code would try to access it as if it were already boxed, causing a failure.

A: From your question it seems like you have something like this:
public abstract class Base
{
    public abstract ISomeInterface Get();
}

public class Sub : Base
{
    public override SomeInterfaceImpl Get() { .. }
}

The solution is to keep the return type from the base class i.e:
public override ISomeInterface Get()
{
    return new SomeInterfaceImpl();
}

A: Just make your method's return type in the derived class the interface.
Example:
abstract class Base
{
    public abstract IInterface YourMethod();
}

class Derived
{
    public override IInterface YourMethod()
    {
        return new TypeThatImplementsIInterface();
    }
}

A: You cannot change the return type of an overloaded method in a derived class. Neither in C#, nor in C++, nor in VB.NET. Leave it as it is, and you can return an instance of class which implements the interface.
The reason: abstract methods are intended to be used in abstract algorithms that work only on the common interface of different derived classes. What you have described is just the case of an abstract factory. You will find a detailed explanation here:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_factory_pattern

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Q: Feature Vectors in Radial Basis Function Network I am trying to use RBFNN for point cloud to surface reconstruction but I couldn't understand what would be my feature vectors in RBFNN.
Can any one please help me to understand this one.
A goal to get to this:

From inputs like this:

A: An RBF network essentially involves fitting data with a linear combination of functions that obey a set of core properties -- chief among these is radial symmetry. The parameters of each of these functions is learned by incremental adjustment based on errors generated through repeated presentation of inputs.
If I understand (it's been a very long time since I used one of these networks), your question pertains to preprocessing of the data in the point cloud. I believe that each of the points in your point cloud should serve as one input. If I understand properly, the features are your three dimensions, and as such each point can already be considered a "feature vector."
You have other choices that remain, namely the number of radial basis neurons in your hidden layer, and the radial basis functions to use (a Gaussian is a popular first choice). The training of the network and the surface reconstruction can be done in a number of ways but I believe this is beyond the scope of the question.
I don't know if it will help, but here's a simple python implementation of an RBF network performing function approximation, with one-dimensional inputs:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def fit_me(x):
    return (x-2) * (2*x+1) / (1+x**2)

def rbf(x, mu, sigma=1.5):
    return np.exp( -(x-mu)**2 / (2*sigma**2));

# Core parameters including number of training
# and testing points, minimum and maximum x values
# for training and testing points, and the number
# of rbf (hidden) nodes to use
num_points = 100    # number of inputs (each 1D)
num_rbfs = 20.0     # number of centers
x_min = -5
x_max = 10

# Training data, evenly spaced points
x_train = np.linspace(x_min, x_max, num_points)
y_train = fit_me(x_train)

# Testing data, more evenly spaced points
x_test  = np.linspace(x_min, x_max, num_points*3)
y_test  = fit_me(x_test)

# Centers of each of the rbf nodes
centers = np.linspace(-5, 10, num_rbfs)

# Everything is in place to train the network
# and attempt to approximate the function 'fit_me'.

# Start by creating a matrix G in which each row
# corresponds to an x value within the domain and each
# column i contains the values of rbf_i(x).
center_cols, x_rows = np.meshgrid(centers, x_train)
G = rbf(center_cols, x_rows)

plt.plot(G)
plt.title('Radial Basis Functions')
plt.show()

# Simple training in this case: use pseudoinverse to get weights
weights = np.dot(np.linalg.pinv(G), y_train)

# To test, create meshgrid for test points
center_cols, x_rows = np.meshgrid(centers, x_test)
G_test = rbf(center_cols, x_rows)

# apply weights to G_test
y_predict = np.dot(G_test, weights)

plt.plot(y_predict)
plt.title('Predicted function')
plt.show()

error = y_predict - y_test

plt.plot(error)
plt.title('Function approximation error')
plt.show()

First, you can explore the way in which inputs are provided to the network and how the RBF nodes are used. This should extend to 2D inputs in a straightforward way, though training may get a bit more involved.
To do proper surface reconstruction you'll likely need a representation of the surface that is altogether different than the representation of the function that's learned here. Not sure how to take this last step.


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text:
The FIFA World Cup is an international competition for senior men's football, contested by the national teams of the members of the world governing body, FIFA and first held in 1930. France are the current champions, having beat Croatia 4-2 at the 2018 edition which was hosted in Russia.
The FIFA World Cup takes place every 4 years. The 22nd edition is the first to not be held in May, June or July, with the tournament scheduled from Monday 21st November – Sunday 18th December 2022.
The 2022 FIFA World Cup is being hosted in Qatar for the first time, at the following venues:
Al Khor – Al Bayt Stadium (Capacity – 60,000)
Al Rayyan – Al Rayyan Stadium (Capacity – 44,740)
Al Wakrah – Al Wakrah Stadium (Capacity – 40,000)
Doha – Al Thumama Stadium (Capacity – 40,000)
Doha – Education City Stadium (Capacity – 45,350)
Doha – Khalifa International Stadium (Capacity – 40,000)
Doha – Ras Abu Aboud Stadium (Capacity – 40,000)
Lusail – Lusail Iconic Stadium (Capacity – 86,250)
Who is competing?
32 nations compete for the World Cup, with the hosts automatically qualifying and the other nations competing in qualification competitions in the years preceding.
Hamad International Airport in Doha serves many destinations across the world. With Qatar being a relatively small country and 4 of the venues in Doha, travel should be relatively easy. Further travel information of getting to matches will be available closer to the time.
Thinking of going to Qatar? Search & book your flights through Skyscanner here.
Ticket information has not yet been released for the 2022 World Cup. Based on the 2018 World Cup, it is likely tickets will be on sale approximately 9 months before the competition in three phases.
Where and when is the next World Cup?
The 23rd FIFA World Cup is to jointly be hosted by Canada, Mexico and the USA in 2026, having beat a rival bid by Morocco.
Official Website: www.fifa.com/worldcup/qatar2022
2018 Russia France 4 - 2 Croatia
2014 Brazil Germany 1 - 0 (aet) Argentina
2010 South Africa Spain 1 - 0 (aet) Netherlands
2006 Germany Italy 1 - 1 (aet)
(5 - 3 pens) France
2002 South Korea &
Japan Brazil 2 - 0 Germany
1998 France France 3 - 0 Brazil
1994 USA Brazil 0 - 0 (aet)
(3 - 2 pens) Italy
1990 Italy West Germany 1 - 0 Argentina
1986 Mexico Argentina 3 - 2 West Germany
1982 Spain Italy 3 - 1 West Germany
1978 Argentina Argentina 3 - 1 (aet) Netherlands
1974 West Germany West Germany 2 - 1 Netherlands
1970 Mexico Brazil 4 - 1 Italy
1966 England England 4 - 2 (aet) West Germany
1962 Chile Brazil 3 - 1 Czechoslovakia
1958 Sweden Brazil 5 - 2 Sweden
1954 Switzerland West Germany 3 - 2 Hungary
1950 Brazil Uruguay 2 - 1 Brazil
1938 France Italy 4 - 2 Hungary
1934 Italy Italy 2 - 1 (aet) Czechoslovakia
1930 Uruguay Uruguay 4 - 2 Argentina

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Sprawl, projected to continue, strains Hillsborough's resources and services.
Excuse Stacy White for getting on his soapbox or sounding like a broken record or whatever disclaimer he offers before launching into yet another diatribe on his favorite punching bag: land use policies.
During Hillsborough County Commission meetings, White's monologues against unchecked growth can elicit eye rolls, silence or, on good days, polite encouragement.
But during a recent helicopter tour of Hillsborough County, White had a captive audience for one of his soliloquies: Sheriff David Gee. And Gee's interest wasn't tied to his limited options for escape, the most appealing of which was a 600-foot jump.
Looking down, Gee took in the thousands of houses that have sprung up since he joined the department in 1978. For him, they mean one thing: "Calls for service," he said.
As if on cue, the police radio in the helicopter began chirping.
"It's 10 o'clock in the morning,'' Gee said. "There didn't used to be 911 calls at 10 o'clock in the morning."
Hillsborough's population has more than doubled since Gee started at the department, to 1.4 million. An additional 600,000 people are projected to move here in the next 25 years.
From the ground, residents can feel the gradual changes growth brings: crowded strip malls, longer commutes and, some complain, a slow erosion of a quieter way of life.
But the sky offers an opportunity to see sprawl in real time, and indeed the bird's-eye view of Hillsborough's latest development spurt is stark.
Throughout south and east Hillsborough County, in areas around Ruskin and Little Manatee and FishHawk, White and Gee see vast forests and uplands full of sand pine abruptly turn into scraped land, and then platted plots with the tracings of roads and upcoming subdivisions. Soon the outlines give way to a row of houses springing up in successive stages — the first, just the base of a house; next a frame; then a roof half full of shingles.
Finally, there's a completed two-story McMansion, followed by hundreds of identical companions.
This is the kind of development that White bemoans from the dais — the kind that expands the definition of the county's urban core and is carved out of previously untouched environmental land.
As the helicopter flies over the last remnants of Hillsborough's scrub, White stares at it, looking almost afflicted.
"I know beauty is in the eye of the beholder," the east Hillsborough Republican said, "But being born here, this is just beautiful to me."
White has made preventing unmitigated sprawl his top priority as commissioner.
He made little headway during his first two years, when much of the board's energy was spent searching for transportation solutions.
But he's made more progress since November, when he was named board chairman, a swift rise for the mild-mannered first-term commissioner whose conservative views stand out even on a board controlled by Republicans. He's also found an unlikely political ally in the newest commissioner, Pat Kemp, who comes from the opposite end of the political spectrum but similarly attacks suburban sprawl.
At White's urging, the county will hold a land use workshop on Wednesday. Commissioners will debate how to grow so the influx of residents and new construction pay for their impact on water systems, public safety and roads instead of straining already-tight resources.
One example of the problems they face: Commissioners recently learned the county needs 25 new fire stations in the next 25 years to keep up with past and future population growth. Capital costs, meaning the expense of building the fire stations and buying the trucks to fill them, would require about $20 million a year through 2031.
And thousands of acres in south Hillsborough County rezoned in recent years for suburban density are ready for development. According to county planning studies, nearly 150,000 residents will move to south county by 2040, pushing that region past Brandon as the most populous area in unincorporated Hillsborough.
Other more traditionally rural areas are expected to boom, as well. Projections show Seffner/Thonotosassa will see its population double to 108,000 during that time.
In all those people, White sees an encroachment on the county's rural and environmental lands. He sees an influx of cars turning two-lane country roads into makeshift thoroughfares. He sees the final nail in the coffin of southeast Hillsborough's once flourishing tomato farms and citrus groves.
"We can't make the same mistakes as we did in the past," White said.
Through the helicopter headset, Gee urges White on.
As the chopper floats over neighborhoods, Gee points out subdivisions in south county and new big-box stores that have created troubles lately for his department. A newer development near South Shore, he notes, floods when it rains, making it difficult for deputies to reach people.
In the past six years, calls for service in Hillsborough have increased by nearly 100,000, according to numbers provided by the Sheriff's Office. The biggest jump is in District 4, south Hillsborough, where there were 153,000 calls last year, up from 122,000 in 2010.
Gee said the staff has not increased at the same pace as the population. There were 1.77 officers per 1,000 people in 2010. Now the ratio is 1.55 per 1,000.
"We should be at a minimum at two officers per 1,000 people," Gee said.
Efficiencies and technology have helped the department keep up with the changing landscape. The county has four helicopters, for example, to keep tabs on a county with a land mass the size of Rhode Island.
But every time he gets in one of them, he sees more calls for service springing up.
"It's unbelievable to me," Gee said. "Every time you do this, it's almost staggering. It's been an amazing transformation, and not all for the better."
It took them eight hours to reel in the giant fish, which dragged the boat they were in 20 miles.


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What is the number one thing we give our lives to? Is that thing or person worthy of such devotion? There is only one person who is worthy of our greatest affection and love: the Lord God and his Son, Jesus Christ. The Lord deserves the rightful place on the throne of our hearts, for he made us for himself and he saves us for himself.


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text:
Dwyane Wade, LeBron James and Gabrielle Union express support for Utah Jazz's hire of David Fizdale
By Eric Walden
Salt Lake Tribune
Read full article on original website
FROM LOCAL CONTRIBUTORS
Ombu Grill Is A Korean Restaurant With A Large Variety of Food
S. F. Mori
Utah County, UT
5 Famous Celebrities You Didn't Know Were From Salt Lake City
Ted Rivers
Ali Maki Attended The Sundance Film Festival in Park City, Utah
Randall Park Is An Asian American Actor Who Participated In The Sundance Film Festival
Utah leaders take urgent action to save the declining Great Salt Lake
Edy Zoo
OnlyHomers
WWE Legend "Paralyzed"
World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) star Hulk Hogan is "paralyzed" from the waist down, at least according to another legendary wrestler, it has been revealed. Kurt Angle, speaking on an episode of his top-rated podcast on Sunday, said that he and Hogan, 69, spoke backstage when they both appeared at the 30th Anniversary special for WWE's program "Monday Night Raw."


Cut along the lines on the wall with a drywall knife. As soon as dry, evenly sand the world till smooth. Use the deal with of your putty knife to faucet the edges of your gap down. From the smallest dent to large holes, there are several ways to fix surface defects in your partitions.
Place drywall piece over the damaged area (image 1) and hint around it with a pencil (image 2). Use a drywall or reciprocating saw to chop out the realm inside the traced lines (image three). Reduce two pieces of 2×4 slightly larger than the outlet.
For a knock-down end – one where a trowel presses joint compound down to kind a texture that's extra mottled than a flat wall – evenly flatten the particles with a knife because the compound mixture begins to dry. To restore walls pocked with pops, hammer the popped nail back into the wall or pull it out with a needle-nostril pliers; refasten the drywall to the closest stud with a few screws, then fill dents with two or three coats of joint compound.


text:
from antlr4 import *

class TableInfo:
    table_name_to_alias = {}
    table_alias_to_name = {}
    on_conditions = []

    @staticmethod
    def reset():
        TableInfo.table_name_to_alias = {}
        TableInfo.table_alias_to_name = {}
        TableInfo.on_conditions = []

def get_table_alias_to_name():
    return

# This class defines a complete generic visitor for a parse tree produced by MySQLParser.

class MySQLParserVisitor(ParseTreeVisitor):

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#stat.
    def visitStat(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#schema_name.
    def visitSchema_name(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#select_clause.
    def visitSelect_clause(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#table_name.
    def visitTable_name(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#table_alias.
    def visitTable_alias(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#column_name.
    def visitColumn_name(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#column_name_alias.
    def visitColumn_name_alias(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#index_name.
    def visitIndex_name(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#column_list.
    def visitColumn_list(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#column_list_clause.
    def visitColumn_list_clause(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#from_clause.
    def visitFrom_clause(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#select_key.
    def visitSelect_key(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#where_clause.
    def visitWhere_clause(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#expression.
    def visitExpression(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#element.
    def visitElement(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#right_element.
    def visitRight_element(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#left_element.
    def visitLeft_element(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#target_element.
    def visitTarget_element(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#relational_op.
    def visitRelational_op(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#expr_op.
    def visitExpr_op(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#between_op.
    def visitBetween_op(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#is_or_is_not.
    def visitIs_or_is_not(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#simple_expression.
    def visitSimple_expression(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#table_references.
    def visitTable_references(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#table_reference.
    def visitTable_reference(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#table_factor1.
    def visitTable_factor1(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#table_factor2.
    def visitTable_factor2(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#table_factor3.
    def visitTable_factor3(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#table_factor4.
    def visitTable_factor4(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#tableAtomBasic.
    def visitTableAtomBasic(self, ctx):
        table_name, table_alias = '', ''
        if ctx.table_name():
            table_name = ctx.table_name().getText()
        if ctx.table_alias():
            table_alias = ctx.table_alias().getText()
        if table_name:
            TableInfo.table_name_to_alias[table_name] = table_alias
        if table_alias:
            TableInfo.table_alias_to_name[table_alias] = table_name
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#tableAtomSubquery.
    def visitTableAtomSubquery(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#tableAtomParen.
    def visitTableAtomParen(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#tableAtomComplex.
    def visitTableAtomComplex(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#join_clause.
    def visitJoin_clause(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#joinOn.
    def visitJoinOn(self, ctx):
        if ctx.expression():
            for sub0 in ctx.expression():
                for sub1 in sub0.children:
                    TableInfo.on_conditions.append(sub1.getText())
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#joinColumns.
    def visitJoinColumns(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#index_hint_list.
    def visitIndex_hint_list(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#index_options.
    def visitIndex_options(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#index_hint.
    def visitIndex_hint(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#index_list.
    def visitIndex_list(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#partition_clause.
    def visitPartition_clause(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#partition_names.
    def visitPartition_names(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#partition_name.
    def visitPartition_name(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#subquery_alias.
    def visitSubquery_alias(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

    # Visit a parse tree produced by MySQLParser#subquery.
    def visitSubquery(self, ctx):
        return self.visitChildren(ctx)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Our vendors are the heart of The Big Issue. We celebrate their lives and stories in every edition. But there's a special week every year dedicated to our vendors, and to the thousands of people who sell similar street magazines all around the world – International #VendorWeek (February 5-9, 2018).
To celebrate, we've dedicated the new edition of The Big Issue to our vendors and asked them to tell their stories.
Vendors Sharon, Mark, Kathy and Trevor write Letters to Their Younger Selves, offering hard-won wisdom, compassion and advice, and reflecting on their lives to this point.
Melbourne vendor Mariann B offers an in-depth insight into what goes on behind-the-scenes at The Big Issue; Stephen B snapshots life in the western suburbs; and Brisbane vendor Rachael receives a great honour.
We look at the different social enterprises being run by street papers all over the world to support homeless and disadvantaged people.
Filmmaker Warwick Thornton talks about his new Indigenous western film, Sweet Country.
The band The Internet talk about making new music ahead of their Australian tour.
Fiona McIntosh reveals some of the secrets to writing a book a year.


If excessive application of pesticides kills pollinators; if swampland that previously protected coastal cities from flooding is filled in; if the urban green space that calms and re-vitalizes stressed city dwellers is paved over, who pays? Is it the pesticide applicator or the neighbor whose crops are no longer pollinated? Is it the swampfiller or the landowner whose property is flooded? Is it the green space or the anxious city dweller?
Traditional public environmental law often required the polluter to pay. But, on both sides of the Atlantic, environmental neoliberalism offers a different answer: place monetary value on these types of ecosystem services and charge those who benefit; and protect natural resources only where the benefits of doing so exceed the costs. But this economic approach is inadequate because many of nature's long-term benefits simply cannot be captured by market value.
Ecosystem valuation can be a useful tool to establish value and create awareness of human dependence on the benefits provided by nature, such as drinking water, clean air, and flood protection, as well as public space to hunt, fish, canoe and camp. For example, wetlands and floodplains along Otter Creek protected Middlebury, Vermont, from more than $1.8 million of flood damage during Tropical Storm Irene, according to a new study from the University of Vermont.
But where pressure for development is very high, valuation of ecosystem services won't justify preservation. For example, the Chamber of Commerce in Stockholm has published a report arguing for using nature reserves for housing and taking away the right of municipalities to set land aside for nature reserves. And much of New York City's response to Hurricane Sandy has been to conquer nature with stronger coastal armoring rather than retreat and allow nature to return.
A neoliberal analyst might say that under these circumstances, it is appropriate to prioritize development. But, the neoliberal approach lacks the ability to understand and value the full scope of nature's benefits, both known and unknown, because property rights complicate the valuation analysis. Robust protections for private property can increase costs of preservation efforts.
The answer is to limit traditional property rights. Too often, they impede efforts to protect nature, for example by allowing wetlands destruction, and they impede development that is helpful to the planet in the long run, such as the installation of wind turbines. Property protections can leave us stranded, unable to adapt to new conditions in a changing world. We must evolve — while looking in the rear view mirror — and recognize that private property rights are not unlimited, and benefits from nature are not a private thing.
Harms to the greater public interest cannot be easily solved by the market. Why not recognize nature's intrinsic value?
Harms to the greater public interest cannot be easily solved by the market. The neoliberal take on nature compares the monetary value for lost ecosystem services against the benefits of development. But why not recognize nature's intrinsic value and see that certain uses are too costly in the first place regardless of any competing benefits? Those infringing on public environmental benefits should pay the price of the destruction or simply be denied the property right to infringe upon those benefits in the first place.
Living as we are in the Anthropocene, these environmental benefits are ever more important given that humans are actually using up nature; fewer forests, less potable water, and fewer wetlands to purify water and help with flood protection. According to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 60% of the global ecosystems assessed are in decline.
The authors are not advocating an end of democratic principles or the end of private property rights. But for any given property, there are more stakeholders than just the landowner. The latter should not be allowed to reduce or deny the former the right to nature's benefits. These benefits are no longer in surplus and if they are removed there is no guarantee that another piece of land can replace them.
Modern valuation of ecosystem services provides the data that support the Wisconsin court case. But as people became more sophisticated, they came to appreciate that swamps and wetlands serve a vital role in nature, contribute to the balance of nature and are essential to the purity of the water in our lakes and streams. Swamps and wetlands are a necessary part of ecological creation and now, even to the uninitiated, possess their own beauty.
Jason J. Czarnezki is the Kerlin Distinguished Professor of Environmental Law and Associate Dean of Environmental Law Programs at the Elisabeth Haub School at Pace University. Johan Elmberg is a Professor of Animal Ecology in the Department of Natural Sciences at Sweden's Kristianstad University. Magnus Tuvendal is an environmental consultant in Stockholm, specializing in ecosystem services, and has a PhD in Natural Resource Management.


The projects of Omaha, where Radio One founder and chair Cathy Hughes grew up, didn't offer "a lot of positive reinforcement." The Boys Club was an exception, providing safe supervision and encouragement from staff. In 1979, Cathy and then-husband Dewey Hughes created Radio One. Now the nation's largest African-American owned and operated radio chain, Radio One launched a new cable channel, TV One, in 2004. Under Cathy's leadership – and in honor of Denzel Washington – TV One and its cable affiliates recently installed entertainment centers, complete with programming libraries and computer systems, in Clubs in Los Angeles, Mount Vernon, N.Y., and Omaha.


text:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<TITLE>
FieldInitializer.ConstructorArgumentResolver (Mockito 1.9.5 API)
</TITLE>

<META NAME="date" CONTENT="2012-10-06">

<LINK REL ="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="../../../../../stylesheet.css" TITLE="Style">

      Overview
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  SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD

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org.mockito.internal.util.reflection

Interface FieldInitializer.ConstructorArgumentResolver

Enclosing class:
FieldInitializer

public static interface FieldInitializer.ConstructorArgumentResolver

Represents the strategy used to resolve actual instances
 to be given to a constructor given the argument types.

Method Summary

 java.lang.Object[]
resolveTypeInstances(java.lang.Class<?>... argTypes)

          Try to resolve instances from types.

Method Detail

resolveTypeInstances

java.lang.Object[] resolveTypeInstances(java.lang.Class<?>... argTypes)

Try to resolve instances from types.

 Checks on the real argument type or on the correct argument number
 will happen during the field initialization FieldInitializer.initialize().
 I.e the only responsibility of this method, is to provide instances if possible.

Parameters:
argTypes - Constructor argument types, should not be null.

Returns:
The argument instances to be given to the constructor, should not be null.

      Overview
      Package
    Class
      Use
      Tree
      Deprecated
      Index
      Help

 PREV CLASS
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  FRAMES
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  All Classes

  SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD

DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD


text:
You are here: Home / MidEastGulf / Four Islamic State chemical weapons attacks but Peshmerga have received only 1,000 gas masks
Four Islamic State chemical weapons attacks but Peshmerga have received only 1,000 gas masks
The Chancellor of the Kurdistan Region Security Council (KRSC) Masrour Barzani has revealed that Islamic State (IS) has launched four separate chemical attacks against the Peshmerga .
Barzani tweeted on his official account on 21st September that more than 1,300 Kurdish Peshmerga have so far been killed in the war against IS.
He revealed that the majority of Peshmerga casualties are as a result of improvised explosive devices (IED) and mines. "The global coalition must provide more aid," the Kurdish official urged.
He pointed out that IS insurgents have used chemical substances to attack the Peshmerga in four different areas to date.
With international organisations confirming that the jihadist group recently carried out several chemical attacks against Kurdish forces, Barzani warns that the Peshmerga have so far received only 1,000 gas masks.
IS has being fighting Kurdish forces in northern Iraq and Syria since the middle of 2014, and the use of chemical weapons has become more prevalent this year.


text:
Tue 17 - Wed 18 May 2022
co-located with ICSE 2022
Venue: David Lawrence Convention Center
Virtual: Midspace
Attending Virtually
Attending In-Person
NIER (Novel Ideas and Emerging Results)
MOBILESoft 2022 Committees
ICSE 2022 (series) / MOBILESoft 2022 (series) /
Machine Learning based Malware Detection in Android: There and Back Again!
Prof. Dr. Tegawendé F. Bissyandé
Android malware are as old as Android itself. Research to detect them have rapidly been directed towards the use of machine learning to classify Android app samples. The literature in this domain has been prolific in the pas decade with various works claiming high detection scores. The reality, however, remains that the industry has not massively adopted these literature approaches for automatically vetting Android apps. In several empirical studies, we have shown that (1) features for malware classification can be trivial to identify, but (2) experimental scenarios in the lab are offering a biased perspective on actual performance. We have finally identified the key problem to tackle in perspective by the community is the representation of Android samples. In particular, we discuss the case of image-based representation, which despite being unorthodox for code, constitute a worthwhile investigation challenge in terms of practicality for malware detection and even localisation.
Prof. Dr. Tegawendé F. Bissyandé is a Chief Scientist (Professor) affiliated to the SnT Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust of the University of Luxembourg. He received his PhD in Computer Science from the University of Bordeaux (France) in 2013 after earning an engineering degree in Telecommunication in 2009. He is currently an ERC Starting Grant holder on natural program repair and head of the Trustworthy Software Engineering (TruX) Research Group at SnT where his research interests span across several topics, including mainly: (1) program repair; (2) software security, i.e., mobile static security analysis, vulnerability detection and malware detection; (3) software analytics, i.e., code search, clone detection and repository mining. Prof. Bissyandé's research is funded through several research grants as well as by prominent industry partners. He has published over 70 research papers in computer science and related topics in top-tier venues, including ACM/IEEE ICSE, IEEE/ACM ASE, IEEE ESEC/FSE, IEEE TSE, ACM TOPS, IEEE TIFS, ACM TOSEM, EMSE, KDD, etc. He has also served his research community as Program Committee member of several conferences, including ASE, ISSTA, ICSME, ICSE.


text:
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// <auto-generated>
//     This code was generated by a tool.
//
//     Changes to this file may cause incorrect behavior and will be lost if
//     the code is regenerated.
// </auto-generated>
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#nullable enable

namespace Qowaiv.Web;

public partial struct InternetMediaType
{
    private InternetMediaType(string? value) => m_Value = value;

    /// The inner value of the Internet media type.
    private readonly string? m_Value;

    /// Returns true if the Internet media type is empty, otherwise false.
    [Pure]
    public bool IsEmpty() => m_Value == default;
    /// Returns true if the Internet media type is unknown, otherwise false.
    [Pure]
    public bool IsUnknown() => m_Value == Unknown.m_Value;
    /// Returns true if the Internet media type is empty or unknown, otherwise false.
    [Pure]
    public bool IsEmptyOrUnknown() => IsEmpty() || IsUnknown();
}

public partial struct InternetMediaType : IEquatable<InternetMediaType>
#if NET7_0_OR_GREATER
    , IEqualityOperators<InternetMediaType, InternetMediaType, bool>
#endif
{
    /// <inheritdoc />
    [Pure]
    public override bool Equals(object? obj) => obj is InternetMediaType other && Equals(other);

    /// Returns true if this instance and the other Internet media type are equal, otherwise false.
    /// <param name="other">The <see cref="InternetMediaType" /> to compare with.</param>
    [Pure]
    public bool Equals(InternetMediaType other) => m_Value == other.m_Value;

    /// <inheritdoc />
    [Pure]
    public override int GetHashCode() => Hash.Code(m_Value);

    /// Returns true if the left and right operand are equal, otherwise false.
    /// <param name="left">The left operand.</param>
    /// <param name="right">The right operand</param>
    public static bool operator ==(InternetMediaType left, InternetMediaType right) => left.Equals(right);

    /// Returns true if the left and right operand are not equal, otherwise false.
    /// <param name="left">The left operand.</param>
    /// <param name="right">The right operand</param>
    public static bool operator !=(InternetMediaType left, InternetMediaType right) => !(left == right);
}

public partial struct InternetMediaType : IComparable, IComparable<InternetMediaType>
{
    /// <inheritdoc />
    [Pure]
    public int CompareTo(object? obj)
    {
        if (obj is null) { return 1; }
        else if (obj is InternetMediaType other) { return CompareTo(other); }
        else { throw new ArgumentException($"Argument must be {GetType().Name}.", nameof(obj)); }
    }
    /// <inheritdoc />
    [Pure]
#nullable disable
    public int CompareTo(InternetMediaType other) => Comparer<string>.Default.Compare(m_Value, other.m_Value);
#nullable enable
}

public partial struct InternetMediaType : IFormattable
{
    /// Returns a <see cref="string"/> that represents the Internet media type.
    [Pure]
    public override string ToString() => ToString(provider: null);

    /// Returns a formatted <see cref="string"/> that represents the Internet media type.
    /// <param name="format">
    /// The format that describes the formatting.
    /// </param>
    [Pure]
    public string ToString(string? format) => ToString(format, formatProvider: null);

    /// Returns a formatted <see cref="string"/> that represents the Internet media type.
    /// <param name="provider">
    /// The format provider.
    /// </param>
    [Pure]
    public string ToString(IFormatProvider? provider) => ToString(format: null, provider);
}

public partial struct InternetMediaType : ISerializable
{
    /// Initializes a new instance of the Internet media type based on the serialization info.
    /// <param name="info">The serialization info.</param>
    /// <param name="context">The streaming context.</param>
    private InternetMediaType(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
    {
        Guard.NotNull(info, nameof(info));
        m_Value = info.GetValue("Value", typeof(string)) is string val ? val : default(string);
    }

    /// Adds the underlying property of the Internet media type to the serialization info.
    /// <param name="info">The serialization info.</param>
    /// <param name="context">The streaming context.</param>
    void ISerializable.GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
        => Guard.NotNull(info, nameof(info)).AddValue("Value", m_Value);
}

public partial struct InternetMediaType
{
    /// Creates the Internet media type from a JSON string.
    /// <param name="json">
    /// The JSON string to deserialize.
    /// </param>
    /// <returns>
    /// The deserialized Internet media type.
    /// </returns>
    [Pure]
    public static InternetMediaType FromJson(string? json) => Parse(json, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
}

public partial struct InternetMediaType : IXmlSerializable
{
    /// Gets the <see href="XmlSchema" /> to XML (de)serialize the Internet media type.
    /// <remarks>
    /// Returns null as no schema is required.
    /// </remarks>
    [Pure]
    XmlSchema? IXmlSerializable.GetSchema() => (XmlSchema?)null;

    /// Reads the Internet media type from an <see href="XmlReader" />.
    /// <param name="reader">An XML reader.</param>
    void IXmlSerializable.ReadXml(XmlReader reader)
    {
        Guard.NotNull(reader, nameof(reader));
        var xml = reader.ReadElementString();
        System.Runtime.CompilerServices.Unsafe.AsRef(this) = Parse(xml, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
    }

    /// Writes the Internet media type to an <see href="XmlWriter" />.
    /// <remarks>
    /// Uses <see cref="ToXmlString()"/>.
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="writer">An XML writer.</param>
    void IXmlSerializable.WriteXml(XmlWriter writer)
        => Guard.NotNull(writer, nameof(writer)).WriteString(ToXmlString());
}

public partial struct InternetMediaType
#if NET7_0_OR_GREATER
    : IParsable<InternetMediaType>
#endif
{
    /// Converts the <see cref="string"/> to <see cref="InternetMediaType"/>.
    /// <param name="s">
    /// A string containing the Internet media type to convert.
    /// </param>
    /// <returns>
    /// The parsed Internet media type.
    /// </returns>
    /// <exception cref="FormatException">
    /// <paramref name="s"/> is not in the correct format.
    /// </exception>
    [Pure]
    public static InternetMediaType Parse(string? s) => Parse(s, null);

    /// Converts the <see cref="string"/> to <see cref="InternetMediaType"/>.
    /// <param name="s">
    /// A string containing the Internet media type to convert.
    /// </param>
    /// <param name="formatProvider">
    /// The specified format provider.
    /// </param>
    /// <returns>
    /// The parsed Internet media type.
    /// </returns>
    /// <exception cref="FormatException">
    /// <paramref name="s"/> is not in the correct format.
    /// </exception>
    [Pure]
    public static InternetMediaType Parse(string? s, IFormatProvider? formatProvider) => TryParse(s, formatProvider) ?? throw new FormatException(QowaivMessages.FormatExceptionInternetMediaType);

    /// Converts the <see cref="string"/> to <see cref="InternetMediaType"/>.
    /// <param name="s">
    /// A string containing the Internet media type to convert.
    /// </param>
    /// <returns>
    /// The Internet media type if the string was converted successfully, otherwise default.
    /// </returns>
    [Pure]
    public static InternetMediaType? TryParse(string? s) => TryParse(s, null);

    /// Converts the <see cref="string"/> to <see cref="InternetMediaType"/>.
    /// <param name="s">
    /// A string containing the Internet media type to convert.
    /// </param>
    /// <param name="formatProvider">
    /// The specified format provider.
    /// </param>
    /// <returns>
    /// The Internet media type if the string was converted successfully, otherwise default.
    /// </returns>
    [Pure]
    public static InternetMediaType? TryParse(string? s, IFormatProvider? formatProvider) => TryParse(s, formatProvider, out var val) ? val : default(InternetMediaType?);

    /// Converts the <see cref="string"/> to <see cref="InternetMediaType"/>.
    /// A return value indicates whether the conversion succeeded.
    ///
    /// <param name="s">
    /// A string containing the Internet media type to convert.
    /// </param>
    /// <param name="result">
    /// The result of the parsing.
    /// </param>
    /// <returns>
    /// True if the string was converted successfully, otherwise false.
    /// </returns>
    [Pure]
    public static bool TryParse(string? s, out InternetMediaType result) => TryParse(s, null, out result);
}

public partial struct InternetMediaType
{
    /// Returns true if the value represents a valid Internet media type.
    /// <param name="val">
    /// The <see cref="string"/> to validate.
    /// </param>
    [Pure]
    public static bool IsValid(string? val) => IsValid(val, (IFormatProvider?)null);

    /// Returns true if the value represents a valid Internet media type.
    /// <param name="val">
    /// The <see cref="string"/> to validate.
    /// </param>
    /// <param name="formatProvider">
    /// The <see cref="IFormatProvider"/> to interpret the <see cref="string"/> value with.
    /// </param>
    [Pure]
    public static bool IsValid(string? val, IFormatProvider? formatProvider)
        => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(val)
        && TryParse(val, formatProvider, out _);
}


Posted on September 9, 2011 by catsynth	This entry was posted in Cats, News and tagged animal welfare, Cats, felidae fund, hsus, humane society, isec canada, mo cats day, sf spca, wild cats. Bookmark the permalink.
What a wonderful post for Mo Cats Day!
Don't know why Sweet Praline's picture came up on my previous response. Need to look into it.
As always, that was a wonderful and thoughtful post. 🙂 Happy Mo Cats Day, friends.
What a great post in honor of Mo' Cats Day!


text:
rumalsofchamba@gmail.com
Rumals
Reversible Jackets
Pahari Baskets
Pahari Miniature Painting
Embroidered Drapes (Dupattas and Sarees)
Natural Dyed Silk Yarns
It's a research initiative that aims to bring to light the little known aspects of pahari embroidery and increase awareness about this fading art so that it can be revived.
Pahari embroidery, which was originally practiced in various parts of undivided Punjab and Himachal Pradesh, is primarily known for its spectacular Chamba rumals, pahari cholies and other household articles. Unfortunately, out of this big umbrella of craft, only Chamba rumals are being made today in the Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh. It's here that the research has been undertaken with an aim to explore, innovate, and help this fascinating craft regain its past grandeur and glory. We did extensive research in documenting the traditional technique, rebuilding dyeing procedures using indigenous dyes, development of design catalogue for access to traditional designs and motifs and recreated range of products for diversification. Along with these, intervention with artisans was taken up simultaneously for sustenance of craft.
The aim of the project is to provide new dimensions to the craft by suggesting new usages while keeping its traditional essence. The product like rumals (dhaknus or chhabus) in varied sizes and shapes, wall hangings and apparels have been developed. Most of the products are double sided (dorukha) i.e similar on both sides of fabric which can be used as partitions, covering for sacred books, musical instruments, sagan thal, fruit baskets etc. It's a meticulous hand work in minute double sided darning and satin stitches embroidered on diverse range of delicate cotton fabrics with natural dyed, untwisted silk yarns based on traditional themes.
Come, explore and support the true spirit of artisans of Chamba!!
Founder Profile
Copyright © Chamba Embroidery 2020. All Rights Reserved.


text:
Shohada Rural District () is in the Central District of Meybod County, Yazd province, Iran. At the National Census of 2006, its population was 4,034 in 1,077 households. There were 5,581 inhabitants in 1,373 households at the following census of 2011. At the most recent census of 2016, the population of the rural district was 5,059 in 1,380 households. The largest of its 33 villages was Roknabad, with 2,324 people.

References

Meybod County

Rural Districts of Yazd Province

Populated places in Yazd Province

Populated places in Meybod County

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Home » news » SCIENCE-TECH » truth » Videos » 3 Serious Reasons Why You Need To Stop Using Your Smartphone At Night!
If you are like most people, you spend some time at night using your smartphone before bed. Just a final check-up on how friends are doing, a game of Candy Crush, and a quick look at tomorrow's weather seems perfectly safe and normal. However, as smartphone use increases, so does the research, and it is not looking good for our bodies.
Cell phone radiation is a common problem that many people talk about, but it isn't the only thing we should be worried about. The "blue light" that smartphones produce has been linked to some pretty serious health issues.
Night time smartphone use has been linked to the following 3 problems!
"Blue light" exposure at night has been shown to cause damage to the retina and macular degeneration. Macular degeneration is the loss of central vision or the ability to see what is right in front of you.
Cataract development may also be linked to blue light exposure. One doctor has come across 35-year-olds with cloudy, cataract-affected eyes similar to 75-year-olds. The doctor believes smartphone use is the root of the problem, but more research needs to be done.
As we mentioned above, "blue light" disrupts melatonin production. Melatonin is a hormone that regulates the body's sleeping cycle. Without a properly regulated sleep cycle, you cannot get enough of the sleep you need. Lack of sleep or skewed sleeping cycles are associated with a whole bunch of health issues.
Increased light at night and resulting sleep problems have been linked to a higher rate of cancer. This is especially true for breast and prostate cancer. Melatonin, suppressed by "blue light," is also an antioxidant and has been shown to be essential in the body's natural fight against cancer.
Basically, melatonin helps the body fight cancer and "blue light" decreases this production. A one-time disruption would not be a serious issue, but there are some people who use their phones for hours at night before going to bed. They do this everyday of the year. Overtime, this begins to add up and create the problems listed above.
To learn more about how smartphone use affects the body, take a look at this amazing infographic from Tech Insider.
This amazing app removes "blue light" from your phone so that it is safer to use at night! Check it out!
Are you still going to continue using your smartphone at night?


text:
Snapdish founder on going global from the start
Hidetaka Fukushima
photo apps
At e27's Echelon satellite event in Tokyo today, Hidetaka Fukushima of Snapdish presented a little background about how his startup set out to take on a global market from the very start. This is certainly unique for any startup, but it's especially unique in Japan where not too many startups venture beyond the domestic market – and even few startups succeed in their efforts.
Hidetaka explained that the majority of posts to Snapdish are of homemade food, specifically 70% – so it's not just restaurant pictures. They have about 8000 posts per day, and about 2 million in total to date.
Currently they're available in 11 languages, but the process of localizing their service went beyond just simple translation. Hidetake noted that when translating their 'yummy' button into other languages requires consideration of what will work in other cultures. So for Japanese that meant using 'mogumogu' (which means something like 'nom nom'). But he explains that they even create food categories based on regional preferences, so for example, China has different categories than Japan.
Eventually they came to the realization that taking pictures of food was something that was particular to Asia, and they figured that Asia was going to be a big market for them. Nevertheless, their team is a very international one, with members from Japan, German, the US, Taiwan, and Denmark.
Snapdish's Hidetaka Fukushima
The global reach of the smartphone platform let them have significant reach upon launch, becoming the number one photo app in Japan, number eight in Taiwan, seventh in Singapore, and 11th in China. Eventually Chinese social network Renren approached them about a partnership, and they also established cooperation with SK Telecom. They've had some good media coverage too, with a mention in Travel + Leisure, as well as a mention on ABCNews.com as one of the top five food photo apps.
During the Q&A session, someone asked about Snapdish monetization strategy, and Hidetaka explained that they have official accounts for companies. Currently those accounts are free, but they will be charged later on. They plan to do paid campaigns eventually as well.
Hidetaka is a pretty sharp founder, so it will be interesting to see if they can make that jump from a large user base to profitability.
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Tokyo City Symphony: Fun 3D projection mapping marks Roppongi Hills' 10th anniversary
3d projecting mapping
Besides being one of the central hubs in the city of Tokyo, the Roppongi area is also a place that many startups call home. Likewise many tech giants like Yahoo, GREE, and Google, as well as and a number of incubators, have set up offices there too. In the center of the area is the iconic Roppongi Hills, a 53 story facility features museums, restaurants, a cinema, and all kinds of entertainment. Roppongi Hills just celebrated its 10 year anniversary, and to commemorate the occasion a new project called Love Tokyo has been launched. Mori Building, the company behind Roppongi Hills, has created a fantastic 3D projection mapping website called Tokyo City Symphony. The site presents a miniature model of the city of Tokyo at a 1:1000 scale, and allows users to enjoy 3D projection mapping on the city of Tokyo. On the website, you begin by choosing the theme for the city you want to project from — it could be Future City, Rock City, or Edo City (old/traditional). Just tap on the keys of your keyboard and its like you're playing a piano, with the city of Tokyo as your instrument. When visiting the website initially you'll hear…
Besides being one of the central hubs in the city of Tokyo, the Roppongi area is also a place that many startups call home. Likewise many tech giants like Yahoo, GREE, and Google, as well as and a number of incubators, have set up offices there too. In the center of the area is the iconic Roppongi Hills, a 53 story facility features museums, restaurants, a cinema, and all kinds of entertainment.
Roppongi Hills just celebrated its 10 year anniversary, and to commemorate the occasion a new project called Love Tokyo has been launched. Mori Building, the company behind Roppongi Hills, has created a fantastic 3D projection mapping website called Tokyo City Symphony. The site presents a miniature model of the city of Tokyo at a 1:1000 scale, and allows users to enjoy 3D projection mapping on the city of Tokyo.
On the website, you begin by choosing the theme for the city you want to project from — it could be Future City, Rock City, or Edo City (old/traditional). Just tap on the keys of your keyboard and its like you're playing a piano, with the city of Tokyo as your instrument. When visiting the website initially you'll hear a man's voice announce "Roppongi, Roppongi," the same voice you hear as you exit the train at Roppongi station. You can also save and share your original Tokyo symphony on Twitter and Facebook.
Happy 10th anniversary, Roppongi Hills!
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A final round-up of B Dash Camp Fukuoka 2013
B Dash Camp Fukuoka 2013
On Monday and Tuesday we had a chance to attend the B Dash Camp 2013 event in Fukuoka, Japan. There were a number of great sessions discussing key issues and developments in Japan's tech space. Below is quick a round-up of our English language coverage. Although if you'd prefer it in Japanese we have that too! We're still experimenting with the best ways to do event coverage with our small team, and your feedback on how we're doing is always welcome. Line Corporation's CEO Akira Morikawa on fast and furious global expansion New tides in social B2B Social gaming principles can also be applied to e-learning Kakao CEO Sirgoo Lee: Creating a mobile social platform Trends in the Japanese online ad business Yoshiaki Maeda on how Docomo plans to tackle Japan's smartphone app market Naoki Shibata on cutting-edge app SEO techniques New trends in Asian startups The next stage in social games Discussing developments in big data In conversation with two up-and-coming Japanese e-commerce founders Foursquare has 240M check-ins in Japan, will leverage its big data for next business phase
On Monday and Tuesday we had a chance to attend the B Dash Camp 2013 event in Fukuoka, Japan. There were a number of great sessions discussing key issues and developments in Japan's tech space. Below is quick a round-up of our English language coverage. Although if you'd prefer it in Japanese we have that too!
We're still experimenting with the best ways to do event coverage with our small team, and your feedback on how we're doing is always welcome.
Line Corporation's CEO Akira Morikawa on fast and furious global expansion
New tides in social B2B
Social gaming principles can also be applied to e-learning
Kakao CEO Sirgoo Lee: Creating a mobile social platform
Trends in the Japanese online ad business
Yoshiaki Maeda on how Docomo plans to tackle Japan's smartphone app market
Naoki Shibata on cutting-edge app SEO techniques
New trends in Asian startups
The next stage in social games
Discussing developments in big data
In conversation with two up-and-coming Japanese e-commerce founders
Foursquare has 240M check-ins in Japan, will leverage its big data for next business phase
Japan tech this week: Origami, funding, and fun in Fukuoka
B Dash Camp Panel: Discussing developments in big data
Space Market wins B Dash Camp pitch arena competition in Fukuoka
Stand up: Lessons on entrepreneurship and innovation from the Japan New Economic Summit
Japan New Economy Summit
Last week we live-blogged many of the sessions from the Japan New Economy Summit on disruptive innovation. Since then, we've had a chance to digest all the information, and our more in depth overview of the discussions is below. Admittedly it's a little long, so we've made it available in ePub format which you can take for free. The Japan New Economic Summit took place on April 16th in Tokyo, where business leaders from Japan and Silicon Valley came together to discuss innovation and entrepreneurship. While the word "disruption" was peppered though the event's agenda, the most prominent themes of the event were slightly different. In a way, the day felt like a giant collaborative diagnosis, where some of the greatest innovators in the Internet space came together to find out what ails Japan. Conversation continually returned to emphasize the importance of failure for entrepreneurs, as well as the ability to quickly recognize and rebound from that failure. Directly connected to this notion was a recurring discussion of risk, and Japan's traditional aversion to it. And while these are not messages we haven't heard before, it's the first time that we have heard these ideas coming from such prominent business…
Last week we live-blogged many of the sessions from the Japan New Economy Summit on disruptive innovation. Since then, we've had a chance to digest all the information, and our more in depth overview of the discussions is below. Admittedly it's a little long, so we've made it available in ePub format which you can take for free.
The Japan New Economic Summit took place on April 16th in Tokyo, where business leaders from Japan and Silicon Valley came together to discuss innovation and entrepreneurship. While the word "disruption" was peppered though the event's agenda, the most prominent themes of the event were slightly different. In a way, the day felt like a giant collaborative diagnosis, where some of the greatest innovators in the Internet space came together to find out what ails Japan.
Conversation continually returned to emphasize the importance of failure for entrepreneurs, as well as the ability to quickly recognize and rebound from that failure. Directly connected to this notion was a recurring discussion of risk, and Japan's traditional aversion to it. And while these are not messages we haven't heard before, it's the first time that we have heard these ideas coming from such prominent business leaders in Japan and Silicon Valley.
Success is not a straight line
During the conference, a number of speakers mentioned a lack of agility that exists in companies in Japan, or a need to always plan for everything. Joichi Ito, the director of MIT's Media Lab, drove this point home in the context of how internet technologies have drastically changed the rules of the game:
Everything was moving slow before and that's when Japan was strong. … But after the internet, the rules that everyone anticipated [changed everything]. When there is a concentrated control, Japan excels. But with the internet, this has changed.
L to R: Masatoshi Kumagai, GMO Internet Group; Yukihiro Matsumoto, Ruby Association; Yoshikazu Tanaka, GREE; Akira Morikawa, Line Corporation; Joichi Ito, MIT Media Lab
The notion of creative freedom is one that Joi promotes at MIT Media Lab, explaining that members of the lab are completely free to study what they want without his approval. He emphasized that "it's not about profitability or outcomes, because if you know this in advance, then it's not disruptive." As many others noted during the conference, there should be a basic direction, but the minor details can be decided along the way.
While most traditional Japanese companies lack this sort of agility, recently we have seen one very notable exception. Line Corporation, headed up by Akira Morikawa, has developed its Line chat application with a decision-making strategy that I suspect involves a dart board of some kind. Since announcing back in the middle of 2012 that Line would be a platform for other services like games, coupons, and other things, the service's user base has ballooned to 140 million around the world, and more than 45 million in its home market of Japan. He notes that at Line, their priority is not to innovate, but rather to provide customers with what they need as quickly as possible. Morikawa elaborated on his company's improvisational philosophy in very simple terms:
Japanese people love plans. But I thought it would be good to not announce our strategy. Japanese companies love to announce strategies. We don't. People get concerned because we don't have any plans, but from that vagueness we can create a tension that in order to survive we have to do something.
Line Corporations CEO Akira Morikawa echoed these sentiments again at B Dash Camp in Fukuoka
But is this top-speed philosophy really sound? I'm sure that much of Line's success to date is largely attributable to timing and luck. And I'm sure that their big ad spending hasn't hurt either. But at the summit, there were a number of other success entrepreneurs – both foreign and domestic – who echoed this notion of working as fast as possible. George Kellerman, partner at 500 Startups, explained that it's all about the accelerating speed of technological development. "You have to speed up," he asserted. "If you don't speed up you will lose."
But Japanese corporate culture is notoriously slow, and it remains to be seen whether the messages expressed during this conference will leave any lasting impact. Programming legend Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto, the chairman of the Ruby Association, underscored that slow-moving corporate culture can often stand in the way of those who have true vision:
We are living in an era where it could take only one or two years to change the world. […] We should let these people move from the company working style, so we don't impose an obstacle to those who want to change the world.
Failing fast
But when companies move at such a rapid pace, it's critical to identify when corrections need to be made, so that you can change direction if you have to. Niklas Zennström, the CEO of Atomico and co-founder of Skype, expressed this sentiment in the conference's opening session, saying that creating a disruptive service is seldom just simple execution of a business plan:
[M]any times, the road is just not a straight line and you need to iterate and fail fast. If something is not working, do a course correction and make another iteration. But as long as you have a long term vision you can be successful. If an idea doesn't work out it doesn't mean that you have failed.
Likewise former Google SVP Andy Rubin opened the conference by relating the early days of Android, when their product was pitches as a platform for digital cameras. But as everyone knows, Android had a far different fate in store, and their second VC presentation was Android for cell phones. It was this willingness to stray from the original plan that led to the company's subsequent acquisition by Google. Andy added:
You have to be flexible, and if your business doesn't work, you have to change. You have to make decisions quickly, and change direction instantly.
Former Google SVP Andy Rubin emphasized the importance of agility
While most of the speakers appeared to agree that failing fast and making speedy corrections is an essential component to success, the Silicon Valley entrepreneurs have a much more forgiving environment in which to operate than their Japanese counterparts. Japan, of course, is typically far less accepting of failure, and this is a heavy burden that the nation's entrepreneurs have to carry.
Imagine if people said to [aspiring] doctors "Oh my god, but what if you fail?!"
Pinterest CEO Ben Silbermann posed this hypothetical to the audience in the second morning session, saying that if you meet an entrepreneur trying to do something, you should do your best to support and encourage them. And as we heard from many of the speakers, one of the beautiful things about Silicon Valley is that it offers exactly this type of support.
Derek Collison, the founder and CEO of Apcera, put it best when he said that the valley is a unique environment "where you have more reasons to try something than not."
In contrast, Domo's Josh James spoke of how hard it was to build a Silicon Valley-like company when he was in Utah, and he figures Tokyo might be much the same. He reflected back on those difficult days:
The VCs [there] thought of themselves as better than the entrepreneurs. That made things very challenging, because it felt like they were taking advantage of you. Silicon Valley is great because everyone is respected and viewed the same.
Perhaps the most moving moment of the conference came when George Kellerman, partner at 500 Startups, asked all the entrepreneurs in the audience to stand up, so the audience could give them a round of applause in support. "These people are the future of Japan," George declared, "you must really celebrate them!"
The symbolism of this exercise wasn't lost on the Japanese audience, as these entrepreneurs are precisely the proverbial nails that stick out in Japanese society; the passionate risk-takers in a country where passion and risk are not exactly embraced when it comes to business. Speaking briefly with George after the conference, he told me that one of the event staffers was even in tears as he came off stage. Cool moment.
500 Startups partner George Kellerman requests a round of applause for the Japanese nails who stand up
But as beautiful this moment was, CyberAgent's founder and president Susumu Fujita reminded us that the country's entrepreneurs are going to need more than just warm fuzzies in order to thrive. Government, he says, will have to play a role as well:
[W]e need to see actions, such as changes in policies. Startups bring new ideas, new hires. […] The government should act upon their messages – so for example making an entrepreneurship center for Asia in Tokyo, or a place where engineers can be educated, or something like that.
The notion of an entrepreneurship center is an interesting one. There are are number of seed accelerators and incubators in the Tokyo area (we've mapped them here if you'd like an overview), but there isn't really a prominent focal point to speak of. But I don't think it would really take much to establish such a hub near Shibuya or Roppongi; some sort of special area that could attract both companies and entrepreneurs from at home and abroad. Joi Ito pointed to the example of Singapore, which is "very proactive in issuing visas to talented people" from other countries.
In addition to helping out in this way, governors and lawmakers need to stop hindering promising new startups through regulations that protect legacy businesses. It's truly a shame to hear about great services like Uber that can't enter the market due to unneceessarily complex laws designed to protect the taxi industry. At the summit, Uber's CEO Travis Kalanik lamented the obstacles he's up against in bringing his luxury car service to Japan:
In Tokyo they fix the prices on private car services at 5540 yen. There are something like 90 different zones with different minimum fares, different rules. We are in cities all over the world and we haven't seen anything like this. The government has essentially said that only rich people are able to get car service. […] These laws are set up to protect the taxis and your city is worse off because of it. In order for us to connect you to a car service through an app, we have to become a licensed travel guide. We have to hire certified travel guides. I don't know why. They're just trying to make it hard.
Rakuten CEO Hiroshi Mikitani also noted that there are a lot of regulations in place in Japan that have to be overcome when creating a disruptive internet business. But whether anyone in government will take action on the messages expressed during this conference remains to be seen. Prime Minister Shinzo Abe did swing by on the evening before the summit, and we hope that it wasn't just a photo opportunity.
On the verge of a renaissance?
While this conference included much talk of the problems facing Japan, there were many more optimistic voices during the day as well. When it comes to the potential of Japan, perhaps no one was more complimentary than Evernote's CEO Phil Libin. He explained a little about why he's so positive:
I'm super optimistic about Japan, it's why I'm here, it's why we invested in Japan. Japan has a giant disconnect between how the country perceives itself and how outside Japan sees the country. Everyone outside Japan, everyone thinks Japan is a magical place. I come to Japan, and all the conversation is about 'What's wrong with Japan' — and there's a big mismatch between that and how the world sees it. When people talk about China, there's some good and some bad, but when you go there, everyone is positive. For whatever reason, Japan is more negative about themselves than other people are.
I think Japan is on the verge of an entrepreneurial renaissance. You don't need so much money to startup these days. The most important thing is attention to design and details, and Japan does that well. The boundaries to export to the rest of the world are lower than ever before, so I think Japan is on the verge of a major renaissance, and that's why we're here — we're betting on it.
L to R: George Kellerman, 500 Startups; David Chao, DCM; Derek Collison, Apcera; Josh James, Domo; Phil Libin, Evernote
However, Phil did note that he thought people in Japan aren't quite as willing to express their passion in business. And this is something that entrepreneurs need to do in order to get people to get behind them on their journey. He said with a smile that Japan should treat entrepreneurship with the same passion that it shows to food, fashion, and culture.
This sentiment, combined with George's grand gesture of recognition to entrepreneurs in attendance, ended the summit on a high note. But as an observer, I was perhaps more impressed by something that Matz mentioned earlier in the day. When a Japanese panel was discussing how Japan can create disruptive innovation, he made what I thought was a very disruptive comment that threw the raison d'etre of the entire conversation into question:
Is it really necessary to have disruptive innovation from Japan? If we have innovation from Google that makes our lives better, isn't that good? If we talk about globalization, why focus on having it from Japan. Is it loyalty?
Matz appears to see things through a truly global lens. And where everyone else sees borders, language obstacles, and a country falling behind, those things don't even appear to register with him. I get the impression that he sees the internet as a great enabler, where a rising tide floats all boats regardless of location.
So maybe the true root of the problem is that many Japanese entrepreneurs and companies don't really think on a global level, or see themselves as a part of a larger world community together on the web. Because if they did, maybe there wouldn't be a problem at all.
Japan New Economy Summit: Roles of entrepreneurs and venture capitals in disruptive innovation
Japan New Economy Summit: Panel on Innovation
Japan New Economy Summit: New trends in disruptive innovation
New portal site for crowdfunding projects helps Japanese creators and entrepreneurs fundraise globally
Green Funding
Junya Mori 2013.04.24
See the original story in Japanese. One More Inc., a Tokyo-based startup specializing in providing an ASP-based crowdfunding site platform, has released a portal site called Green Funding. The new site aggregates updates on crowdfunding projects from its seven partner sites: Tokyo Calendar Fund, Nylon Project, Tokyo Crowdfunding Club, Sportie Fund, Sustena Crowdfunding, Allez! Japan, and Green Girl. The startup aspires to help get crowdfunding projects featured on overseas crowdfunding sites like Kickstarter and Indiegogo as well. One More's CEO Takehiko Numata explains: In order to feature your project on crowdfunding sites outside Japan, you will need to register your company in that country and have an account at a local bank there. The qualification process can be very cumbersome and you'll face many issues before getting your project featured. We're considering partnership with those crowdfunding sites, which will make the process easier. We'll help project owners submit their proposals to Kickstarter and Indiegogo, and introduce those projects on our portal site so as to encourage Japanese people to back those projects. As of 2012, the global market for crowdfunding services was worth about 2.8 billion yen (about $28 million). These days, a variety of new crowdfunding services are popping…
See the original story in Japanese.
One More Inc., a Tokyo-based startup specializing in providing an ASP-based crowdfunding site platform, has released a portal site called Green Funding. The new site aggregates updates on crowdfunding projects from its seven partner sites: Tokyo Calendar Fund, Nylon Project, Tokyo Crowdfunding Club, Sportie Fund, Sustena Crowdfunding, Allez! Japan, and Green Girl.
The startup aspires to help get crowdfunding projects featured on overseas crowdfunding sites like Kickstarter and Indiegogo as well. One More's CEO Takehiko Numata explains:
In order to feature your project on crowdfunding sites outside Japan, you will need to register your company in that country and have an account at a local bank there. The qualification process can be very cumbersome and you'll face many issues before getting your project featured.
We're considering partnership with those crowdfunding sites, which will make the process easier. We'll help project owners submit their proposals to Kickstarter and Indiegogo, and introduce those projects on our portal site so as to encourage Japanese people to back those projects.
As of 2012, the global market for crowdfunding services was worth about 2.8 billion yen (about $28 million). These days, a variety of new crowdfunding services are popping up all around Asia.
On a related note, we recently reported that Japanese internet tycoon Takafumi Horie said he might be taking on a special advisory role for Campfire, one of Japan's largest crowdfunding services.
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NTT Docomo unveils the first 6 startups for its new incubation program
coromo
DecoAlbum
Easeeat
Funpicty
Nanovel
pairy
See the original story in Japanese. NTT Docomo held a kick-off event for its incubation program today, unveiling six startups chosen for its first batch. The program, which was first announced back in February, selected these six from 124 applicants. The startups are to be incubated and mentored for the next five months. Here's a quick run down of the chosen six: Easeeat by Willmore This service helps consumers buy allergy-free food products at supermarkets. They presented last year at our pitch event, and we're delighted to see them among those selected. The new app appears to be based on its previous app, Allergy Checker (pictured above), which allowed you to scan a barcode on the product's package, and then it tells you the ingredients and whether or not its safe for you. Pairy by Timers This couples app is a sort of Japanese alternative to Couple (US & UK) or Between (Korea), specializes in establishing communication just for couples. It's already live, and has plans to extend its business to online-to-offline marketing and e-commerce services. Some of our readers may recall that they presented at Myojo Waraku in Fukuoka last years. Nanovel by Gadget This service aggregates short novels authored…
NTT Docomo held a kick-off event for its incubation program today, unveiling six startups chosen for its first batch. The program, which was first announced back in February, selected these six from 124 applicants. The startups are to be incubated and mentored for the next five months.
Here's a quick run down of the chosen six:
Easeeat by Willmore
This service helps consumers buy allergy-free food products at supermarkets. They presented last year at our pitch event, and we're delighted to see them among those selected. The new app appears to be based on its previous app, Allergy Checker (pictured above), which allowed you to scan a barcode on the product's package, and then it tells you the ingredients and whether or not its safe for you.
Pairy by Timers
This couples app is a sort of Japanese alternative to Couple (US & UK) or Between (Korea), specializes in establishing communication just for couples. It's already live, and has plans to extend its business to online-to-offline marketing and e-commerce services. Some of our readers may recall that they presented at Myojo Waraku in Fukuoka last years.
Nanovel by Gadget
This service aggregates short novels authored by professional writers and dramatists. Each of the stories are shorter than 2,000 Japanese characters long, so readers won't take more than five minutes to finish. It's good material for avid readers to fill up spare 'in-between' time, in much the same way that casual gaming does.
Using NFC (near-frequency communication) technology, this service allows users to design their smartphone home screen easily, with the idea of using it for advertising purposes. The team aims to build a platform where Android phone users can exchange home screen designs each other.
Funpicty (tentative name) by Soda
This service allows users to mix up pictures shot by various photo apps, and then share them with others. (Sorry, but not too many more details beyond this were disclosed.)
DecoAlbum by Prime Again
This app lets you share your photos with your friends, giving you the ability to decorate with them numerous effects and features.
Couples app Pairy wins top prize at Docomo Innovation Village demo day
NTT Docomo launches startup incubation program, partners with 500Startups and B Dash Ventures
Docomo Ventures starts its third incubation batch of four startups in Tokyo