text:
Kristopher Duke
Cello, fresh inc 2.0, 2017
Cellist Kristopher Duke's passion for music transcends traditional barriers. With such wide ranging interests as motion picture soundtracks and heavy metal, Kris' musical interests lie both where traditional classical music begins and ends, leaving no stone unturned in his tireless pursuit of truly great music. From performances at Severance Hall and the Arlene Schnitzer Concert Hall to more intimate settings such as the American Cancer Society's Hope Lodge, Kris is committed to reaching audiences where they are.
Along with performing repertoire staples, Kristopher enjoys works of quality lesser known composers such as Ernest Bloch, Benjamin Britten, and Bohuslav Martinu. In addition, Kris is an avid advocate for the creation of new music, often collaborating with composers to compose new works for cello. For the 2015-2016 season, he performed with the Cleveland Institute of Music New Music Ensemble, where he collaborated with composers Donald Crockett and Robert Paterson. In 2016, Kristopher attended the fresh inc festival in Kenosha, Wisconsin, where he collaborated with members of Chicago-based Fifth House Ensemble in world premiere performances of three new works, in addition to focusing on entrepreneurship in the music business. Kris returned to fresh inc in 2017 where he performed two more world premieres, and began work on a multimedia concert experience focusing on cancer patients and their families.
Kristopher has performed with the Canton Symphony, Vancouver Symphony, and Portland Festival Symphony orchestras, having worked with world renowned conductors such as Jahja Ling, Yoel Levi, Kimbo Ishii, and Gerard Schwarz. For the 2016-2017 season, Kris was also on the substitute list for the New World Symphony in Miami Beach, Florida. In addition, Kristopher has collaborated with such artists as Mark Kosower, Douglas Schneider, Natasha Simmons, and Pamela South. He has also received many awards, including top placements at the OSSA Oregon State Solo Competition (2009, 2010) and an honorable mention at the David Popper Competition at the Cleveland Institute of Music (2015).
An avid student of the teachings of the late Hungarian cellist, Janos Starker, Kristopher received both his Bachelor and Master degrees from the Cleveland Institute of Music, where he studied with Mark Kosower. Previously, he studied with Hamilton Cheifetz at Portland State University. An admirer of cats and dystopian fiction, Kris began playing the cello at the age of nine in his public school. He also enjoys camping and exploring the role of music therapy in those with developmental disorders and those battling cancer.
For more information about Kristopher, check out his Facebook page.
Joseph Sowa – Blossom Music
for voice, flute, clarinet, violin, cello, percussion
David Vess – styrofoam ashes/shrine
for 6 cellos and percussion


text:
Green-water navy
Naval force capable of operating in both the shallow waters of the littoral zone and across the deep waters of the open oceans
A Harbin Z-9 (a Chinese license-built variant of the Eurocopter AS365 Dauphin) flies around the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy destroyer Qingdao (DDG 113) during a search and rescue exercise
Post-classical
Early modern
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fourth-gen
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Barrage
Combined arms
List of military tactics
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Envelopment
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Target saturation
Bandenbekämpfung
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Military occupations
Military tactics
War crimes
A green-water navy is a maritime force that is capable of operating in its nation's littoral zone, and has the competency to operate in the open oceans of its surrounding region.[1] It is a relatively new term, and has been created to better distinguish, and add nuance, between two long-standing descriptors: blue-water navy (deep ocean waters) and brown-water navy (shallow littoral waters).
As a non-doctrinal term with no concrete legal or political definition, it can be used in several different ways. It originated with the United States Navy, who use it to refer to the portion of their fleet that specializes in offensive operations in coastal waters. Nowadays such ships rely on stealth or speed to avoid destruction by shore batteries or land-based aircraft.
The US Navy has also used the term to refer to the first phase of the expansion of the Chinese Navy into a full blue-water navy. Subsequently, other authors have applied it to other national navies that can project power locally, but cannot sustain operations at range without the help of other countries. Such navies typically have amphibious ships and sometimes small aircraft carriers, which can be escorted by destroyers and frigates with some logistical support from tankers and other auxiliaries.
1 Definitions
2 Examples
2.1 Australia
2.2 Brazil
2.3 Canada
2.4 Finland
2.5 Japan
2.6 The Netherlands
2.7 Spain
2.8 South Korea
2.9 Turkey
The elements of maritime geography are loosely defined and their meanings have changed throughout history. The US's 2010 Naval Operations Concept defines blue water as "the open ocean", green water as "coastal waters, ports and harbors", and brown water as "navigable rivers and their estuaries".[2] Robert Rubel of the US Naval War College includes bays in his definition of brown water,[3] and in the past US military commentators have extended brown water out to 100 nautical miles (190 km) from shore.[4]
During the Cold War, green water denoted those areas of ocean in which naval forces might encounter land-based aircraft.[3] The development of long-range bombers with anti-ship missiles turned most of the oceans to "green" and the term all but disappeared.[3] After the Cold War, US amphibious task forces were sometimes referred to as the green-water navy, in contrast to the blue-water carrier battle groups.[5] This distinction disappeared as increasing threats in coastal waters forced the amphibious ships further offshore, delivering assaults by helicopter and tiltrotor from over the horizon. This prompted the development of ships designed to operate in such waters – the Zumwalt-class destroyer and the littoral combat ships; modeling has suggested that current NATO frigates are vulnerable to swarms of 4-8 small boats in green water.[6] Rubel has proposed redefining green water as those areas of ocean which are too dangerous for high-value units, requiring offensive power to be dispersed into smaller vessels such as submarines that can use stealth and other characteristics to survive.[3] Under his scheme, brown water would be zones in which ocean-going units could not operate at all, including rivers, minefields, straits, and other choke points.[3]
As the preeminent blue-water navy of the early 21st century, the US Navy is able to define maritime geography in terms of offensive action in the home waters of its enemies, without being constrained by logistics. This is not true for most other navies, whose supply chains and air cover typically limit them to power projection within a few hundred kilometers of home territory. A number of countries are working on overcoming these constraints. Other authors have started to apply the term "green-water navy" to any national navy that has ocean-going ships but lacks the logistical support needed for a blue-water navy. It is often not clear what they mean, as the term is used without consistency or precision.
A green-water navy does not mean that the individual ships of the fleet are unable to function away from the coast or in open ocean: instead, it suggests that due to logistical reasons they are unable to be deployed for lengthy periods, and must have aid from other countries to sustain long term deployments. Also the term "green-water navy" is subjective as numerous countries that do not have a true green-water navy maintain naval forces that are on par with countries that are recognized as having green-water navies. For example, the German Navy has near the same capability as the Canadian Navy but is not recognized as a true green-water navy. Another example is the Portuguese Navy that, despite being usually classified as a minor navy, has several times conducted sustained operations in faraway regions typical of the green-water navies. However, the differences between blue-water navies and brown or green-water navies are usually quite noticeable, for example, the US Navy was able to quickly respond to the disappearance of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 and continue operations in the region with relative ease even though the search area covered the Indian Ocean. In contrast, in 2005 the then green-water Russian Navy was unable to properly respond when its AS-28 rescue vehicle became tangled in undersea cables unable to surface, relying on the blue-water Royal Navy to respond and carry out the rescue in time.[7]
Just as nations build up naval capability, some lose it. For example, the Austro-Hungarian Navy was a modern green water navy of the time, but as the countries lost their coasts during World War I, their navies were confiscated and their ports became parts of Italy and Yugoslavia. The Axis powers lost naval capabilities after their defeat in World War II, with most of Japan's Imperial Navy and Germany's Navy being disarmed and their troop and ship numbers capped and monitored by the Allies. The collapse of the USSR also brought with it the collapse of the second-largest naval force in the world, and the largest submarine force in the world. Although the Russian Federation made sure to inherit the most capable ships, passing most older models to successor states, as it had lost the logistical capabilities of the Soviet Navy, it was no longer able to operate away from Russian shores for extended periods of time. Moreover, budget cuts forced large cuts in the submarine force, such as the retirements of the Typhoon-class submarine. As the Soviet Navy was built largely around submarine warfare the losses in the submarine capability have adversely affected the capability of the newly formed Russian Navy as well.
HMAS Canberra
The Royal Australian Navy is well established as a green-water navy.[8][9] The navy sustains a broad range of maritime operations, from the Middle East to the Pacific Ocean, often as part of international or allied coalitions.[10] The RAN operates a modern fleet, consisting of destroyers, frigates, conventional submarines as well as an emerging amphibious and power projection capability based on the commissioning of HMAS Choules and two Canberra-class landing helicopter docks.[11]
Carrier / Amphibious capability – 27,000 tonne HMAS Canberra and HMAS Adelaide
Amphibious capability – 16,190 tonne HMAS Choules.
Replenishment capability – the 46,755 tonnes HMAS Sirius to be replaced by the two new Supply-class AORs, from c. 2021.
The Brazilian aircraft carrier Atlântico
The Brazilian Navy has frequently been dubbed a "green-water" force by experts.[12] The navy is primarily focused on securing the nation's littorals and exclusive economic zone (EEZ), but also maintains the capacity to operate in the wider South Atlantic Ocean. Since the early 2000s, the Brazilian Navy has contributed to a number of peacekeeping and humanitarian missions.
Helicopter Carrier and amphibious capability – 21,000 tonne Atlântico.
Amphibious capability – 12,000 tonne Bahia, 8,757 tonne Newport-class tank landing ship, two 8,571 tonne Round Table-class landing ship logistics
Replenishment capability – 10,000 tone Almirante Gastão Motta.
HMCS Halifax
According to the criteria as outlined in the 2001 publication, "Leadmark: The Navy's Strategy for 2020", the Royal Canadian Navy had met its description of a 3rd tier "Medium Global Force Projection Navy" – a green-water navy with the capacity to project force worldwide with the aid of more powerful maritime allies (e.g. United Kingdom, France and the United States).[9] In this context, the Royal Canadian Navy ranked itself alongside the navies of Australia and the Netherlands.[9]
Replenishing capability: MV Asterix, a dual civilian-military manned replenishing oiler. This is an interim vessel which will provide at-sea replenishment until two new AORs (Protecteur-class auxiliary vessels) are completed around 2023-2025.
Hamina-class missile boat Pori, designed for operations in the shallow waters of the Finnish territorial waters riddled with skerries
The Finnish Navy, having been given the daunting[according to whom?] task of protecting the often shallow territorial waters of Finland riddled with skerries, along with the somewhat recently added task of providing ships for international operations led by the EU, focuses on its ability to operate in shallow waters while retaining some blue-water capabilities for the larger vessels such as the decommissioned minelayer Pohjanmaa, to-be decommissioned Hämeenmaa-class minelayers and the future Pohjanmaa-class corvettes.
Pollution control vessels Louhi, Halli and Hylje, although owned by Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), are operated by the Navy & provide logistical support and sea cable laying for the Navy as well as act as mother ships for diving operations.
JS Izumo
The Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force is considered to be a green-water navy.[8] Overseas JMSDF deployments include participation in the Combined Task Force 150,[13][14] and an additional task force in the Indian Ocean from 2009 to combat piracy in Somalia. The first postwar overseas naval air facility of Japan was established next to Djibouti-Ambouli International Airport.[15]
Helicopter carrier capability – two 19,000 tonne Hyūga-class helicopter destroyers and two 27,430 tonnes Izumo-class helicopter destroyers. – Can be modified to carry fixed wing aircraft.
Amphibious capability – three 14,000 tonne Ōsumi-class tank landing ships.
Replenishment capability – two 25,000 tonne Mashu class and three 15,000 tonne Towada class.
HNLMS De Ruyter (F804), a De Zeven Provinciën-class frigate
The Royal Netherlands Navy has been officially described as a 3rd tier "Medium Global Force Projection Navy" – or a green-water navy with the capacity to project force worldwide with the aid of more powerful maritime allies (e.g. Britain, France and the United States).[9] In this context, the Royal Netherlands Navy ranks alongside the navies of Australia and Canada, while the USN is a 1st tier global blue-water navy and Britain and France are 2nd tier blue-water navies.[9] For many years since the end of the Cold War, the Royal Netherlands Navy has been changing its role from national defence to overseas intervention.[16]
Amphibious capability – 12,750 tonne HNLMS Rotterdam and the 16,800 tonne HNLMS Johan de Witt.
Replenishment capability – 27,800 tonne Karel Doorman (Also has amphibious capabilities), plus combat support ship Den Helder (building; projected service entry 2024).
Juan Carlos I
The Spanish Navy is a green-water navy, and participates in joint operations with NATO and European allies around the world.[17] The fleet has 54 commissioned ships, including; one amphibious assault ship (also used as an aircraft carrier), two amphibious transport docks, 5 AEGIS destroyers (5 more under construction), 6 frigates, 7 corvettes (2 more under construction) and three conventional submarines. (4 under construction)
Amphibious/carrier capability – 26,000 tonne Juan Carlos I.
Amphibious capability – two 13,815 tonne Galicia-class landing platform docks.
Replenishment capability – 17,045 tonne Patiño and the 19,500 tonne Cantabria replenishment ships.
ROKS Dokdo
The Republic of Korea Navy is considered to be a green-water navy.[8] In 2011, the government authorized the building of a naval base on Jeju Island to support the new Dokdo-class amphibious assault ships, the base will also be capable of supporting joint forces with the US Navy.[18] A ski-jump for the operation of V/STOL jet fighters is being considered for the second ship of the Dokdo class.[19] The Korean government is considering to buy surplus Harriers as a possible interim for the F-35 Lightning II if they choose to operate VTOL aircraft at all.[20] On December 3rd 2021 the National Assembly passed the budget to fund a fixed-wing aircraft carrier tentatively named CVX-class aircraft carrier capable of operating F35B, expected to enter operations possibly as early as 2033 LinkLinkLink South Korea participates in the Combined Task Force 151 with the expeditionary force Cheonghae Unit
Helicopter carrier capability – two 18,800 tonne Dokdo-class amphibious assault ships
Amphibious capability – four 7,300 tonne Cheon Wang Bong-class LSTs, and four 4,300 tonne Go Jun Bong-class LSTs
Replenishment capability – one 23,000 tonne Soyang-class replenishment ship, and three 9,180 tonne Cheonji-class replenishment ships
Light aircraft carrier TCG Anadolu under construction at Sedef Shipyard in Tuzla, Istanbul (2020)
According to a report by Haifa University, Turkey's naval might has became a significant source of concern for the Middle East and the Balkans, as Ankara has greatly modernized its maritime force in recent years.[21] The study puts the Turkish Naval Forces as the strongest in the region (Middle East), and describes the Turkish navy as being a "green-water navy". According to Israeli Colonel Shlomo Guetta, one of the report's authors, Ankara is building a Navy that characterises a regional power and can conduct long-range operations. Guetta also highlighted the Turkish Navy's strike force and intervention capacity. A flagship project is the construction of TCG Anadolu, an amphibious assault ship that can serve as a light aircraft carrier. Quoting US military expert Richard Parley's estimates,[22] the report argued that the new warship will offer Turkey unprecedented strike capabilities in the Black Sea and Eastern Mediterranean. The Turkish Navy, as of 2021, has a total of 156 naval assets, but Ankara plans to add a total of 24 new ships, which include four frigates, before the Republic reaches the 100th anniversary of its founding in 2023.
Amphibious/carrier capability – 24,660 tonne TCG Anadolu.
Amphibious capability – four 7,370 tonne Bayraktar-class tank landing ship, and the 3,773 tonne TCG Osman Gazi.
Replenishment capability – two 19,350 tonne Akar-class replenishment oiler.
Blue-water navy
Brown-water navy
Maritime geography
^ Bratton, Patrick C (2012). Sea Power and the Asia-Pacific. London, United Kingdom: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-62724-8.
^ "Naval Operations Concept 2010 – Implementing the Maritime Strategy" (PDF). US Naval Service. p. 16. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
^ a b c d e Rubel, Robert C. (Autumn 2010), "Talking About Sea Control" (PDF), Naval War College Review, 63 (4): 44–46
^ Burkitt, Laurie; Scobell, Andrew; Wortzel, Larry M. (July 2003). "The Lessons of History : The Chinese People's Liberation Army at 75" (PDF). Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College. p. 185. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
^ Gillespie, T.C.; Lesher, S.M.; Miner, P.D.; Cyr, B.P. (23 March 1992), Composite Warfare and The Amphibians (PDF), Marine Corps University, pp. 9–24, retrieved 7 May 2012
^ Abel, Heiko (September 2009). "Frigate Defense Effectiveness in Asymmetrical Green Water Engagements". Naval Postgraduate School. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
^ "Russian submarine surfaces with entire crew alive". USAToday.com. Associated Press. 6 August 2005. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
^ a b c Till, Geoffrey (15 August 2013). Naval Modernisation in South-East Asia: Nature, Causes and Consequences. London: Routledge. p. 267. ISBN 978-1-135-95394-2.
^ a b c d e Leadmark: The Navy's Strategy for 2020, Directorate of Maritime Strategy, Department of National Defence
^ "Operations". Royal Australian Navy. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
^ "Canberra commissioning marks new era in ADF amphibious warfare". Australian Aviation. 28 November 2014. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
^ Pryce, Paul (19 January 2015). "The Brazilian Navy: Green Water or Blue?". Offiziere.ch. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
^ Japan Ministry of Defense. "Activities based on Anti-Terrorism Special Measures Law (December 2001 – October 2007) – Replenishment Operations". Retrieved 2013-05-06.
^ Asahi Shimbun. "Japan's New Blue Water Navy: A Four-year Indian Ocean mission recasts the Constitution and the US-Japan alliance". Retrieved 2013-05-06.
^ Japan Ministry of Defense. "MOD/JSDF ANSWERS – Anti-Piracy Efforts". Archived from the original on 2013-01-08. Retrieved 2012-11-16.
^ Warship 2006, Conway's Maritime Press – World Navies in Review 2006)
^ "Rayo Joins EU Naval Force Operation Atalanta". eunavfor.eu. 10 December 2014. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
^ Sang-Hun, Choe (18 August 2011). "South Korean Navy Base Divides Jeju Island Residents". The New York Times. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
^ Sung Ki, Jung (26 October 2013). "S. Korea Envisions Light Aircraft Carrier". defensenews.com. Archived from the original on 26 October 2013. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
^ "Dokdo Class Landing Platform Helicopter (LPH)". naval-technology.com. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
^ https://www.trtworld.com/magazine/israeli-study-turkey-is-strongest-maritime-force-in-the-region-45965/amp. Missing or empty |title= (help)
^ https://www.trtworld.com/magazine/how-turkey-became-a-strong-naval-power-in-recent-years-32670. Missing or empty |title= (help)
Naval ships and warships in the Late Modern period
Naval ship classes in service
Operational zones
Green-water navy
Gun placement
Central battery
Aircraft carriers
Aircraft cruiser
Amphibious assault ship
Anti-submarine warfare carrier
Balloon carrier
CAM ship
Escort carrier
Fighter catapult ship
Fleet carrier
Flight deck cruiser
Helicopter carrier
Interdiction Assault Ship
Light aircraft carrier
Merchant aircraft carrier
Seaplane tender
Submarine aircraft carrier
Supercarrier
Coastal defence ship
Fast battleship
Pre-dreadnought battleship
Super-dreadnought (Standard-type battleship)
Treaty battleship
Armored cruiser
Guided missile cruiser
Heavy cruiser
Pocket battleship
Light cruiser
Merchant raider
Protected cruiser
Scout cruiser
Strike cruiser
Torpedo cruiser
Unprotected cruiser
Convoy rescue ship
Destroyer escort
Destroyer leader
Escort destroyer
Escorteur
Guided missile destroyer
Kaibōkan
Amphibious transport dock
Amphibious warfare ship
Attack transport
Dock landing ship
Landing craft
Landing craft carrier
Landing Craft Support
Landing Ship Heavy
Landing ship, infantry
Landing Ship Logistics
Landing Ship Medium
Landing Ship, Tank
Landing Ship Vehicle
Troopship
Armed boarding steamer
Armed yacht
Coastal Motor Boat
Gunboat
Harbour Defence Motor Launch
Motor Launch
Naval drifter
Naval trawler
Ocean boarding vessel
Patrol boat
Q-ship
Steam Gun Boat
Submarine chaser
Torpedo boat
Fast attack craft
Missile boat
MTSM
PT boat
Shin'yō
Danlayer
Destroyer minesweeper
Mine countermeasures vessel
Mine planter
Minehunter
Minelayer
Command and support
Amenities ship
Ammunition ship
Auxiliary repair dock
Auxiliary ship
Combat stores ship
Command ship
Crane vessel
Depot ship
Destroyer tender
Dispatch boat
Fast combat support ship
General stores issue ship
Hospital ship
Naval tugboat
Net laying ship
Repair ship
Replenishment oiler
Submarine tender
Attack submarine
Ballistic missile submarine
Coastal submarine
Cruise missile submarine
Cruiser submarine
Deep-submergence vehicle
DSRV
Fleet submarine
Human torpedo
Midget submarine
Wet sub
Arsenal ship
Barracks ship
Breastwork monitor
Capital ship
Guard ship
Littoral combat ship
River monitor
Training ship

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Is it possible to disable proxy in one Entity Framework query? Is it possible to disable proxy in Entity Framework in one dedicated query? I don't want to impact on rest of solution.
I want to turn off proxy objects and get 'native' Goal and GoalProgressItem. How to get non-proxy objects.
var goalWithProgressItemsPairs = _dbContext.GoalProgressItems
    .Include(p => p.Goal)
    .Where(p => p.Date >= range.From && p.Date <= range.To)
    .Select(p =>
        new
        {
            Goal = p.Goal,
            ProgressItem = p
        }
    )
    .ToList();

A: Did you try to set the 'ProxyCreationEnabled' property of the Configuration property of your _dbContext before your call ?
Something like
_dbContext.Configuration.ProxyCreationEnabled = false;
// Your query
_dbContext.Configuration.ProxyCreationEnabled = true;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The Yankee Lady by Robert Kleppin - 8.000" x 4.625"
The Yankee Lady art print by Robert Kleppin. Our prints are produced on acid-free papers using archival inks to guarantee that they last a lifetime without fading or loss of color. All art prints include a 1" white border around the image to allow for future framing and matting, if desired.
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The Yankee Lady is the name of a B-17 G Bomber that flew on bombing raids during World War ll.


Buffalo Thunder Resort & Casino, teaming with the New Mexico Rail Runner Express, will be hosting a rail fashion show Saturday, January 23 from 6-8 p.m. The Casino, in its effort to support Native arts, is presenting this opportunity to view the hottest in Native fashion.
The fashion show, titled Thunder Run, will feature designs by Pilar Agoyo, Michelle Tapia Browning, Jerry Ingram, Patricia Michaels, and Penny Singer. These couture garments will be worn by all New Mexico models. I've had the great pleasure of viewing fashion shows featuring the edgy vinyl garments by Agoyo and the ephemeral clothing by Michaels, and this show will definitely be a crowd pleaser. Tapia Browning works in a variety of media, including photography, but she also designs clothing for family and friends, including the Pueblo of Pojoaque Governor George Rivera. She also designed the uniforms worn by most Buffalo Thunder hotel personnel. Ingram is known for replicating historic beadwork created by Plains and Plateau Indians during the late 1800s, and Singer's chic jackets are always quick to sell. Augusta Meyers, former news anchor, will emcee the event.
Thunder Run is an opportunity for New Mexicans to enjoy chic Native fashion and great food and spirits all while benefiting a worthy cause: although the event is free and open to the public, donations will be collected for the Northern New Mexico Boys & Girls Clubs. Fashion for a cause!
Many of these designers are featured in the new Thunder Magazine, which was published this month. Thunder Magazine is an in-room publication of Buffalo Thunder Resort & Casino designed for resort guests, and is distributed at the property and other Pojoaque Pueblo locations. This publication will be available to all fashion show guests, who will also enjoy savory hors d'œuvres and a goodie bag packed with gifts, including Medicine Mountain body lotion, a signature offering of Buffalo Thunder Resort's luxurious Wo'P'in Spa.
WHERE: Tewa Grand Ballroom at the Buffalo Thunder Resort & Casino, 30 Buffalo Thunder Trail, Santa Fe, NM. Highway 84/285.
WHEN: Saturday, Jan. 23, 6–8 p.m.


1. The Student is 17 years old. She attends a self-contained life skills program at Auburn High School. The Student's last accepted IEP covered the 1999-2000 school year when the Student attended middle school. Most recently the Parent rejected an IEP proposed in October, 2001, which would have covered the time period October, 2001, through October, 2002.
2. The Student receives family support services through the Department of Mental Retardation. She has not yet been determined by the DMR to be generally eligible for adult services.
3. The Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission has determined that the Student is eligible for its services. It has assigned a caseworker who currently provides vocational support and supervision to the Student at Auburn High School.
The Student argues that the IEPs proposed by Auburn since 1999 have failed to implement the consistent recommendations of evaluators and, as a result, the Student has experienced significant regression in skills. Through the special education appeals process the Student seeks: 1.) compensatory services; 2.) inclusion of recommended services in the Auburn High School program or, if that is not possible; 3.) an alternate day or residential educational placement that can appropriately address the Student's needs as outlined in the evaluations.
The procedural rules of the Bureau of Special Education allow for Joinder of a person (or entity) to a special education appeal when complete relief cannot be afforded to the moving party in that person's absence. BSEA Rule 1F. See also : M.G.L. c. 71B § 3; 603 CMR 28.08(3). After careful consideration of the participant's thoughtful arguments it is my conclusion that the relief requested by the Student can be granted in the absence of both DMR and MRC, and therefore that involuntary joinder of these entities is not appropriate at this time.
The Student's hearing request seeks a determination as to whether the Auburn Public Schools has failed to provide FAPE by developing and implementing IEPs that do not fully reflect the recommendation of evaluators. A hearing on this issue will focus on the educational recommendations of the evaluators and Auburn's procedural and substantive responses thereto. Neither the factual inquiry nor the decision in this matter need involve a party other than Auburn Public Schools. Should it be found that FAPE was not available to the Student the Parent seeks compensatory educational services and/or an alternative educational placement. This type of relief is typically the responsibility of the school district. A showing of unique circumstances that might warrant the participation of another responsible state agency in crafting a compensatory service plan for the Student may be reserved to a later stage of these proceedings without undue inconvenience to either Party or to potential Parties.
Therefore, the Student's Motion to Join the DMR and the MRC is DENIED .


text:
Q: Add product information to cart I have a cart function that adds items to it, but I cannot get it to add the details of that item. Right now it just pulls generic data I would like it to get the product title, location and dates. I know there is a way to get to the text of the HTML, but don't know how to add it to this script. Here is the HTML mark up:

var cartOpen = false;
var numberOfProducts = 0;
$('body').on('click', '.js-toggle-cart', toggleCart);
$('body').on('click', '.js-add-product', addProduct);
$('body').on('click', '.js-remove-product', removeProduct);

function toggleCart(e) {
  e.preventDefault();
  if (cartOpen) {
    closeCart();
    return;
  }
  openCart();
}

function openCart() {
  cartOpen = true;
  $('body').addClass('open');
}

function closeCart() {
  cartOpen = false;
  $('body').removeClass('open');
}

function addProduct(e) {
  e.preventDefault();
  openCart();
  $('.js-cart-empty').addClass('hide');
  var product = $('.js-cart-product-template').html();
  $('.js-cart-products').prepend(product);
  numberOfProducts++;
}

function removeProduct(e) {
  e.preventDefault();
  numberOfProducts--;
  $(this).closest('.js-cart-product').hide(250);
  if (numberOfProducts == 0) {
    $('.js-cart-empty').removeClass('hide');
  }
}

McElroy

2LC Fusion Machine 1/2" CTS - 2" IPS Pipe

The 2LC employs a semi-automatic locking cam (LC) system to maintain force during the cooling cycle. It incorporates McElroy's patented Centerline Guidance System and is designed to butt fuse tees, ells and other fittings.

      <form action="" method="">
        <fieldset class="product">

              Pick Up Date
              <input type="date" name="pu-2lc" id="pu-2lc/>

                  Return Date
                  <input type="date " name="rd-2lc " id="rd-2lc "/>

                  Country
                  <select name="country " id="country " x-autocompletetype="country-name ">
                    <option selected="selected ">please choose</option>
                    <option value="bkf ">Bakersfield</option>
                    <option value="ch ">Chico</option>
                    <option value="fsn ">Fresno</option>
                    <option value="hyw ">Hayward</option>
                    <option value="mtc ">Manteca</option>
                    <option value="oak ">Oakley</option>
                    <option value="rwc ">Redwood City</option>
                    <option value="sac ">Sacramento</option>
                    <option value="sal ">Salinas</option>
                    <option value="sj ">San Jose</option>
                    <option value="sjf ">San Jose Fusion</option>
                    <option value="sr ">Santa Rosa</option>
                  </select>

            </fieldset>

                 <button class="primary button js-add-product " title="Add to cart " >Add to Cart</button>

          </form>

Shopping cart

        Close cart

      Add a product to your cart

Product title

Pick up Date

Return Date

Location

            Delete product

        Buy products

Thanks for any help.

A: This will select the text of the product__title
$('.product__title').text()

This will get the country option selected text and value
$('#country option:selected').val()
$('#country option:selected').text()

This will get your dates
$('#pu-2lc').val()

Once you have the text, you can place it where you want. Just looking over the code it looks like you would want to grab these values within the
addProduct() method. Please let me know if that is what you are looking for. I can provide more insight if we had the code for the cart its self.


text:
Liévin Thésin, Léonidas en résistance, né à Erbaut, le  et mort à Gilly, le , est un prêtre catholique belge, un résistant et un espion de la Première Guerre mondiale. Il crée, en 1916, la branche hainuyère du réseau de renseignement Biscops : Le service Sacré-Cœur.

Éléments biographiques
Liévin Thésin nait à Erbaut, petit village désormais rattaché à l'entité de Jurbise, le . Son père est ouvrier meunier et cabaretier, tandis que la maman est commerçante. La famille aura 6 enfants dont deux mourront prématurément. Élève brillant, il fait ses humanités classiques au collège Saint-Vincent de Soignies et mène de front ses deux dernières années, la Poésie et la Rhétorique. En 1902, il intègre le petit séminaire de Bonne-Espérance en Philosophie et, deux années plus tard, poursuit au Séminaire de Tournai. Ordonné en 1908, il est tout d'abord Vicaire à Hornu puis, en 1910, à Boussu. Les tensions sociales sont vives à cette époque dans le borinage et la population peu encline à accorder sa confiance à un membre du clergé. Liévin Thésin, s'attache alors à améliorer le sort de ses paroissiens en s'investissant notamment dans la caisse de secours mutuel et de retraite. Ses capacités d'organisateur et de meneur sont rapidement saluées.

Première Guerre mondiale
Lorsque la Première Guerre mondiale éclate et que le sol belge est envahi, il renseigne les Britanniques sur le mouvement des Allemands, prend part aux soins et au réconfort des blessés. Lorsque la région est occupée par l'ennemi, il participe à l'exfiltration via les Pays-Bas de soldats français et britanniques coupés de leur base.

Dès , un autre prêtre, l'abbé Ghislain Walravens d'Arendonck, avait mis sur pied un réseau de renseignement du nom de Biscops qui avait pour but de renseigner les Britanniques. Début 1916, ce dernier souhaite étoffer le réseau hainuyer et contacte à cette fin, Liévin Thésin. Cette éventualité lui cause un temps un problème de conscience tant il ne veut pas, par son action, exposer la vie d'autrui, comme ce fut le cas pour les 7 fusillés de Casteau, mais l'exemple de certains de ses coreligionnaires et le pacte avec le Sacré-Cœur par lequel il demande que si une vie devait être ôtée, que cela soit la sienne et uniquement la sienne, auront tôt fait de dissiper ses réticences. À cette époque, le réseau hainuyer en constitution prend le nom de Service Sacré-Cœur, il comptera plus de  qui transmettront plus de 6000 messages rédigés à l'encre sympathique sur du papier cigarette dissimulé dans de fausses cigarettes.

Pour les besoins de son activité clandestine, il se fait passer pour un pasteur évangéliste suisse, il dispose d'une fausse carte d'identité au nom de Louis Huguenin et même d'un ausweis pour couvrir ses allées et venues à la barbe de l'occupant. Au sein du réseau, son nom de code était Léonidas.

Le document Hindenburg

En , Léonidas récupère un document volé à Valenciennes par l'agent Baron sur un officier ivre-mort, il s'agit d'un document secret émanant du chef de l'État-Major général de l'armée en campagne Von Hindenburg. Il le fait parvenir, le , à Douglas Haig. Ce document sera pour les alliés d'une importance déterminante puisque les Allemands y analysent leur défaite à Verdun en 1916 et énoncent en conséquence des modifications dans leur stratégie militaire, notamment en développant la défense en profondeur qui consistait non plus à tenir bec et ongle une position, mais bien à pouvoir se laisser enfoncer tout en étant en mesure d'amener l'ennemi sur d'autres positions arrières âprement défendues. Ces préceptes seront à l'origine de la Ligne Hindenburg.

L'explosion du dépôt de munitions de Mévergnies
Fin 1917, l'un des frères de Liévin, Cyrin, découvre que les Allemands constituent un entrepôt de munition à proximité de la gare de Mévergnies-Attre. Les britanniques sont aussitôt avertis. Edouard, un autre frère également membre du réseau y remarque d'incessantes allées et venues en . L'information est transmise et une équipe de saboteurs ayant pris place dans un avion allemand capturé par les Anglais se pose non loin de là, à Chièvres. Le , 780 wagons chargés de munitions explosent différant ainsi les plans d'offensive ourdis par les Allemands.

Arrestation
Hélàs, au moment de ce haut fait de résistance, Biscops a déjà été infiltré par un traître belge : Alphonse Coulon. Le  signe l'arrestation de près d'un tiers des membres du réseau Biscops. Le Service Sacré-Cœur est davantage préservé, mais Liévin Thésin et deux membres de sa famille sont arrêtés. Liévin Thésin est écroué à la Prison de Saint-Gilles.

Le traître notoire, Léopold Wartel est incarcéré dans la même cellule pour servir de mouton et lui soutirer des informations. Liévin Thésin constate que contrairement à lui qui a subi une fouille à son entrée, Wartel, passant derrière lui, y échappe. Il ne lui révèlera rien.

Le , un tribunal allemand condamne Liévin Thésin à la peine de mort. Liévin Thésin n'en est cependant informé qu'en septembre. L'ambassadeur d'Espagne Rodrigo de Saavedra y Vinent, marquis de Villalobar et le Pape étant intervenus auprès des autorités allemandes, sa peine ne sera jamais exécutée et sera commuée en détention à perpétuité. Liévin Thésin recouvre la liberté en quittant les murs de la prison, à la libération, le  .

Entre-deux-guerres

Après la guerre, il est nommé curé de la paroisse de Saint-Vaast et, à partir de 1934, de celle de Ransart. Il s'investit alors dans différentes associations patriotiques, milite pour l'érection de monuments commémoratifs dont celui des 7 fusillés de Casteau condamnés et exécutés à l'issue du Grand procès de Mons. Il donne également des conférences sur les services de renseignement en Belqique occupée.

Seconde Guerre mondiale
Lors du second conflit mondial, son nom figure sur la liste de ceux qu'il faut d'emblée soustraire à la vindicte allemande. Il est exilé en France sous le nom de Joseph Dubois de Saint Léger et devient le curé de la paroisse de Pugnères dans le Tarn où il passe les années de guerre. Il regagne la Belgique en 1944 et reprend ses fonctions de curé à Ransart en 1945.

Toujours impliqué dans son devoir de mémoire, il signe en 1949 la préface d'un ouvrage faisant partie d'une collection destinée à étudier les services de renseignement durant la Première Guerre mondiale.

En 1959, après cinquante années de prêtrise, son jubilé d'or sacerdotal est célébré ainsi que ses  de ministère pour la paroisse de Ransart. En 1960, à , il accepte la charge d'aumônier des sœurs de Notre-Dame de Bonne-Espérance à Châtelet. Il meurt à Gilly, le .

Reconnaissances
 Chevalier de l'Ordre de Léopold avec liseré d'or;
 Officier de l'Ordre de la Couronne;
 Officier de l'Ordre de Léopold II;
 Officier à titre militaire de l'Ordre de l'Empire britannique;
 Médaille britannique de la guerre avec palme;
 Médaille d'honneur du gouvernement français;
 Médaille de reconnaissance anglaise et française;
 Croix civique de première classe;
 Médaille commémorative de la guerre 1914-1918;
 Médaille du prisonnier politique;
 Médaille du règne de sa majesté le roi Albert;
 Décoration militaire de deuxième classe.

Archives
En vue des commémorations du centenaire de la Première Guerre mondiale, les Archives générales du Royaume font savoir qu'elles sont à la recherche de documents d'époque détenus par des particuliers. C'est ainsi que des archives de l'Abbé Thésin lui sont confiées. Elles contiennent entre autres choses, 52 dossiers nominatifs comportant photographies, récits et courriers d'adieux dactylographiés par ses soins. Ils concernent des résistants de différents réseaux de renseignement. Liévin Thésin les a patiemment collecté au début des années vingt. Ces archives viennent enrichir des archives déjà transmises en 2009.

Articles connexes
 Grand procès de Mons
 Ghislain Walravens

Liens externes
 Inventaire des archives de Liévin Thésin concernant la Première Guerre mondiale, 1914-1956 / Q. Funck, références : BE-A0510_007427_007143_FRE.
 Documents de l'Abbé Liévin Thésin, concernant son action dans les services de renseignements et d'évasion [1914-1968], Centre d'études guerre et société, références : AA 2192.
 , Connaissez-vous l'Abbé Liévin Thésin, Télé MB, décembre 2016, (voir la vidéo).

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Naissance à Jurbise
Naissance en mars 1883
Décès à Charleroi
Décès en février 1972
Prêtre catholique belge
Résistant belge
Personnalité de la Première Guerre mondiale
Chevalier de l'ordre de Léopold
Officier de l'ordre de la Couronne
Officier de l'ordre de Léopold II
Espion de la Première Guerre mondiale
Décès à 88 ans

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Finding a good beach hotel that suits the budget may not be easy especially for family travellers. During peak seasons some Rehoboth Beach hotels on boardwalk may be difficult to book. But there are other hotels in the vicinity that offer pleasing amenities and services that does not harm your budget. You may want to consider these three hotels when you visit Rehoboth Beach on your next trip.
In less than three months' time school break starts and a summer vacation is what the majority plans ahead. Whether it's in or out of the country there's always somewhere else to go. We talked about cruising and one of the options we had was going on a russian river cruise and visit St Petersburg.


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text:
RAMKUMAR RAMANATHAN AND THE MEANING OF MARGINS
Leave a Comment on RAMKUMAR RAMANATHAN AND THE MEANING OF MARGINS
Precarious. The word aptly describes the nature of a tennis player's career — for the elites, yes, but far more profoundly at the lower tiers of the ATP Tour. Ramkumar Ramanathan lives in the middle of that world, trying to solidify his ranking, trying to cement his place among other professionals, trying to gain a foothold which translates into major-tournament main draws and other steps up the ladder.
Ramanathan didn't win the ATP 250 title in Newport, Rhode Island, on Sunday afternoon. Steve Johnson fended him off in three competitive sets to lift the trophy at the Dell Technologies Open. Nevertheless, Ramanathan carried the banner for Indian tennis with distinction, picking up a chunk of rankings points which will propel him closer to the top 100 (he was 161 entering the week). The 23-year-old's career remains perched on a thin and delicate branch, but his tennis journey feels a little less precarious than it did at the start of the week.
This run to the Newport final offers considerable cause for hope.
After defeating Tim Smyczek on Saturday in the Newport semifinals, Ramanathan addressed a group of reporters. He reflected on his highly encouraging week in New England:
"I'd like to thank Emilio (Sanchez) and the Sanchez-Casal (Tennis Academy)," Ramanathan said. "All the Indian players — Leander (Paes) has been a really great guide for me. He has always been there for me. It means a lot what they are doing for me. I will keep going."
"It (a first ATP final) means a lot to me," Ramanathan continued. He then spoke about the precarious nature of grass tennis, which is so much like his young career and the coin-flip nature of some of his results this year, many of which have been very close.
"On grass, anything can happen, a few points here and there," he said. "I felt very composed. There's always pressure and think I handled it well. I was fighting for every point. Coming into this week I wanted to focus on my serve and play the way I wanted to play. I think I did that well."
Saqib Ali of Tennis With An Accent asked Ramanathan what changed from the United Kingdom (European) part of the grass season to Newport on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean. This was Ramanathan's response:
"It's always good to keep winning matches — I have been working on what I've been missing," he said. "I've been taking notes. Emilio and all the coaches in Sanchez-Casal have been giving me confidence and saying you can do it — it has given me belief."
Ramanathan put himself on the right side of the margins this week, often enough to bring him within one set of a first ATP title. He didn't win that set, but the reality of coming close should add to his storehouse of resources. Ramanathan's ranking has never been high enough to earn main-draw entry into a major tournament. He is still trying to hunt down that first main-draw appearance, which — given the escalation in prize money at all four majors, especially the 2018 U.S. Open — would be an enormous boost to his financial base.
It is instructive that Ramanathan spoke about the need to work on what he has been missing. Knowing what you DON'T KNOW is the sign of wisdom and an indicator that a young athlete is aware of the need to improve on many levels. A few levels of improvement were evident in Ramanathan's game this past week in Newport. The margins remained close, but he handled them better than he did several weeks ago on the other side of the pond. If Ramanathan can continue to master the very small margins of tennis — but this time on hardcourts and not grass — his already-productive summer could become even more memorable.
The life of a tennis player is constantly precarious. Ramkumar Ramanathan was able to live with the ups and downs of matches in Newport. Now the tour will ask him to do so in other locations. For his sake and the sake of Indian tennis fans, what happens at the Tennis Hall of Fame will hopefully not stay there… and instead travel throughout the North American continent in the coming weeks.
Tags: Paes Ramanathan Steve Johnson TennisHallofFame
Previous Entry TODD MARTIN: TENNIS HISTORY IN CONTEXT AT THE HALL OF FAME
Next Entry MICHAEL STICH: ABUNDANT GRATITUDE


These hampers have have a wonderful selection of delicacies. marrying a carefully selected, delicious selection of foods with a modern take on handmade orchard crates.
"To be one of 3 lucky people to receive this wonderful Christmas gift from us at Tate Fencing. Please fill in your details below for a chance to win! Ho Ho Ho".
The winning persons will need to be able to collect the hamper from one of our branches (Flimwell, Frant or Hadlow).
The winner will be announced on Friday 15th December.


text:
Spencer Matthews on being sober: "My life is incomparably better."
Spencer Matthews | May 2020 | 9 minutes
"I wouldn't be friends with the drinking Spencer of two years ago." For Sober Spring, Spencer Matthews tells us about his journey through alcohol and out of it.
I'll be two years sober in a few weeks' time – two years and a week after I got married. But I don't feel like that sober milestone merits congratulations for me personally. I'll probably mark it in some way each year, but I'm not counting the weeks or months - I'm just enjoying my new life. Life is incomparably better.
For me, not drinking is a no-brainer of a decision. My drinking was an obstacle in my life that I have now removed and doing so has created such a beautiful difference that I would never want the old way back.
I was dishonest and unproductive when I was drinking too much. Not dishonest in terms of horrible, life-altering lies, but I was never fully truthful about my alcohol consumption. "Oh God, have you been drinking again?" prompted a defence from me, as I didn't feel like I was doing anything wrong.
I was dishonest and unproductive when I was drinking too much… I was never fully truthful about my alcohol consumption.
I blamed other people for my shortcomings. Didn't get a job? It was my agent's fault. I expected life to dish out the things I wanted. Having been in Made in Chelsea, I thought I could probably land whatever TV job I wanted, but the world doesn't work like that. You get what you give, and there is no replacement for hard work and drive. Meanwhile, alcohol had turned me a person who would wake up and go, "Pffft, that can wait until next week."
I was never the kind of person who could have one glass of wine and say, "That's it." I've always been someone who wants more. I'm all-or-nothing, whether that's with ju-jitsu, business or drinking.
Back in my early twenties, as a trader and broker in the city, I was able to drink more than anyone you could ever imagine and then get up the next morning, no problem, and hit the gym. Drink, drink, drink, at lunch with clients, socialising in the evening – it was non-stop. But as I got older, I was less able to deal with the alcohol.
There's absolutely no way I would have achieved my potential had I kept alcohol in my life – and I'm still nowhere near achieving it, but now I have a fit and fighting chance. The Spencer of early 2018 would never have even had these goals, because they would have seemed too big and far away.
There's absolutely no way I would have achieved my potential had I kept alcohol in my life.
Back then, my mum and dad both spoke to me about my drinking, even though they barely saw me at the time given they didn't live in the UK. But they still knew, so how bad must it have been? I didn't want to hear it; I had a wall up.
Since quitting drinking I've tried to talk to close friends who I can see are heading in a similar direction and, like me, they don't want to hear it. Which is fair enough, given I was the same, and it's not my place to preach. Ultimately, the only person who can trigger a realisation that you're heading down the wrong rabbit hole is yourself.
I wouldn't choose to be friends with the Spencer of two years ago. We would have had nothing in common. We wouldn't have hung out with the same people, even. If I could hop in a time machine and talk to drinking Spencer, I would be kind to him, but I know he wouldn't listen to anything I had to say. He had an arrogant, uncontrollable streak.
My story is no different to millions of people who drink alcohol. And that's why I'm now tapping into the buzz there is around the no- and ultra-low-alcohol market: I'm the founder and CEO of the Clean Liquor Company. I would love to see people drinking differently. That includes people who drink alcohol – products like mine help people to experience the power of even having one drink less.
My story is no different to millions of people who drink alcohol.
My son's coming up on two, and I'm expecting a baby daughter too. I feel like I'm a better husband and father, sober. But if my kids want to go out and get drunk with their friends when they're of age, I'll say, "Sure, go and drink and have fun, no problem."
But then, you see what I just did there? I put 'alcohol' and 'fun' in the same bracket. So many of us do that. And yet, for me, life is more fun – more exciting – without it.
I really relate to Bradley Cooper, who got sober at the same age as me – 29 years old – and has said in an interview, "I realised I wasn't going to live up to my potential, and that scared the hell out of me." It's no wonder he plays dependency so well in A Star is Born. I've heard that he based his 'before' character in the film Limitless (in which a drug opens up unused potential in Bradley's character's brain) on his twentysomething drinking self, while he based the 'after' character on his thirtysomething sober self. That's a good comparison for how I feel.
I've unlocked 60 per cent of my untapped productivity through stopping drinking. I can't wait to see what happens next.
Spencer Matthews is the founder and CEO of the Clean Liquor Company.
Interview by Catherine Gray, author of The Unexpected Joy of Being Sober.
Recipe: Anise cod with lemongrass and pea puree
Paul | January 2022 | 6 minutes
Another chance to try something different with our second recipe from Community Champion, Paul
Two weeks alcohol-free - what's happening in your body?
By this point you're almost half way through your dry month!


text:
Paulo Sérgio Oliveira Passos  (Muritiba, ) é um economista e político brasileiro filiado ao Partido Liberal (PL). Foi ministro dos Transportes do Brasil, cargo que ocupou em quatro oportunidades.

Biografia
Servidor da carreira de Planejamento e Orçamento, é considerado uma das maiores autoridades públicas no setor de transportes. Graduado em Ciências Econômicas pela Universidade Federal da Bahia e Pós-Graduado pela Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV), mudou-se para Brasília no início da década de 70, logo após ingressar no serviço público. Casado há mais de 35 anos com a cantora, instrumentista e compositora Rosa Passos, Paulo é pai de três filhos.

Ministério dos Transportes
Após trilhar carreira como servidor público, em abril de 2004 foi escolhido pelo presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva a suceder Keiji Takashiro como secretário-executivo do Ministério dos Transportes, sob liderança de Anderson Adauto e posteriormente Alfredo Nascimento. Em 2005, foi admitido pelo presidente à Ordem do Mérito Militar no grau de Grande-Oficial especial.

Em 31 de março de 2006, foi nomeado por Lula ministro dos Transportes, sucedendo Alfredo Nascimento. Sucedeu-o como secretário-executivo do ministério Miguel Mário Bianco Masella. Ocupou a posição até 29 de março de 2007.

Foi homenageado como o Ferroviário do Ano 2009 do Prêmio Revista Ferroviária. Passos é o principal interlocutor do setor ferroviário no ministério e trabalhou no Plano Nacional de Logística e Transportes e Plano Nacional de Viação, estudos que viriam a traçar a nova malha brasileira em bitola larga, com 11 mil km de extensão.

Em março de 2010, voltou a assumir a pasta, substituindo Alfredo Nascimento, que voltaria ao cargo em 2011, nomeado pela presidente Dilma Rousseff.

Em 6 de julho de 2011, assumiu interinamente com a saída de Alfredo Nascimento. Em 11 de julho, foi efetivado no cargo.

Em 2 de abril de 2013, deixou o cargo de ministro dos Transportes, quando foi substituído por César Borges.

Ocupou, então, o cargo de diretor-presidente da Empresa de Planejamento e Logística, cuja função é estruturar e qualificar, por meio de estudos e pesquisas, o processo de planejamento integrado de logística no país, interligando rodovias, ferrovias, portos, aeroportos e hidrovias.

Voltou a assumir o Ministério dos Transportes, em 26 de junho de 2014, após a saída de César Borges.

Alunos da Fundação Getulio Vargas
Alunos da Faculdade de Ciências Econômicas da Universidade Federal da Bahia
Ministros dos Transportes do Brasil
Ministros do Governo Lula (2003–2011)
Ministros do Governo Dilma Rousseff
Membros do Progressistas do Distrito Federal
Naturais de Muritiba
Economistas da Bahia
Grandes-Oficiais da Ordem do Mérito Militar
Membros do Partido Liberal (2006)
Membros do Progressistas


text:
L'hidroperoxil (HOO·) és un radical químic que representa la forma protonada del superòxid O2-.
La quantitat present a l'atmosfera correspon a una quantitat d'entre 2x10⁵ i 1x10⁶ radicals HOO· per cm³ a la troposfera, i comprèn entre el 10-11 i el 10-8 % de tots els gasos. És responsable de la destrucció de l'ozó a l'estratosfera, i es forma a la troposfera per oxidació. d'hidrocarburs. L'oxidació d'hidrocarburs, així com altres reaccions radicalàries (per exemple la fotòlisi de l'aigua), genera radical hidrogen, H·. Aquest radical hidrogen reacciona amb oxigen, O₂, sobre una molècula M (O₂ o N₂ majoritàriament) per generar l'hidroperoxil.

Reactivitat
És un intermedi molt important perquè participa en moltes reaccions de terminació de cadena i de generació de radical hidroxil.

Reaccions de terminació de cadena
L'hidroperoxil s'elimina més freqüentment de la troposfera per reacció amb metà o monòxid de carboni

Reacció de regeneració
El radical hidroxil es regenera a l'atmosfera per reacció d'un àtom d'hidrogen amb l'oxigen atmosfèric

Hidroperoxil com a producte de seqüències de reaccions
El radical hidroxil reacciona ràpidament amb hidrocarburs (combustió) per a formar reactius d'hidrocarburs

En aquest cas, el radical metil. Prossegueixen més reaccions involucrades en l'oxidació global del metà:

Aquest és un tipus molt important de reacció en la formació de l'smog o borium perquè l'oxidació de NO per radicals peroxil, és el medi predominant per regenerar NO₂ en l'atmosfera després d'haver estat fotoquímicament dissociat a NO:
 diferents productes

Com a producte d'aquest seguit de reaccions, iniciada per la combustió, es forma l'hidroperoxil.

Reacció de destrucció de l'ozó
A aproximadament 50 km d'altitud en l'atmosfera, el 70% de l'ozó és destruït a causa de les espècies , entre elles l'hidroperoxil

O actuant com a intermediari de reaccions de descomposició de l'ozó per les espècies

Efectes ambientals
La presència d'aquest radical a l'estratosfera té un paper actiu en la cadena de reaccions de destrucció de la capa d'ozó, permetent una major incidència dels raigs solars a la superfície de la Terra. Això és degut al fet que l'ozó absorbeix les longituds d'ona que corresponen a la radiació UV-C i una part de l'UV-B emeses pel Sol. Conseqüentment, una disminució de la quantitat d'ozó a l'estratosfera, generarà un augment d'incidència de tals radiacions a la Terra. Aquest fet és perjudicial per a la vida, ja que les radiacions UV poden generar danys a la pell i ulls, alteracions a l'ADN, deficiència del sistema immunitari, entre d'altres.

A més, el radical hidroperoxil també és present en el cicle de reaccions d'oxidació d'hidrocarburs (provinents de la combustió de combustibles provinents del petroli) a aldehids en episodis de boirum. Hi intervé indirectament regenerant NO₂ necessari per a l'oxidació d'hidrocarburs esmentada i generant el radical hidroxil.

Bibliografia

Enllaços externs
 University lecture notes from the University of Colorado on Atmospheric Chemistry.
 Methane and Carbon Monoxide in the Troposphere
 The Atmosphere And atmospheric chemistry
 Atmospheric Hydroxyl Radical Production from Electronically Excited NO2 and H2O Shuping Li, Jamie Matthews, Amitabha Sinha*

Compostos d'oxigen


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Maubeuge Construction Automobile (; MCA) is a subsidiary of the French car manufacturer Renault created in 1980 to operate the light commercial vehicle plant located at Maubeuge. The company traces its origins back to a Chausson factory established in 1969.

History
In 1969, the Société des Usines Chausson established operations in Maubeuge. In 1970, Renault and Peugeot entered into the company. (a 52% stake was owned by Chausson, a 24% by Renault and a 24% by Peugeot). An assembly facility was inaugurated on 23 September 1971. The next years, however, Chausson struggled with the relatively low sales for the models produced and the breakup of the Renault-Peugeot partnership. In 1978, Renault purchased all the plant's stake and renamed it Maubeuge Chausson Automobile. In 1980, Renault founded MCA. Since the 1990s it specialised on LCVs. In 2011 an all-electric van was put into production. In 2012, as part of the partnership between Renault and Daimler, Maubeuge started to assemble the Mercedes-Benz Citan, a  badge-engineered Kangoo. In June 2021, Renault said it plans to merge MCA operations with the Douai and Ruitz ones into a new wholly owned subsidiary named as Renault ElectriCity, with the aim of creating an electric vehicle manufacturing pole in northern France.

Vehicles manufactured
Renault 15 (1971−?)
Renault 18 (1979−1985)
Renault Fuego (1979−1985)
Renault 21 Nevada (1986−1990)
Renault Medallion (1986−1988)
Renault 19 Cabriolet (1988−1992)
Renault Express (1989−2000)
Renault Kangoo (1998−2007)
Renault Kangoo II (2007−2021)
Renault Kangoo III (2021−present)
Mercedes-Benz Citan I (2012−2021)
Mercedes-Benz Citan II (2021−present)
Nissan Townstar (2021-present)

References

Renault
Motor vehicle assembly plants in France
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1969
French companies established in 1969


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Zach6668
Do you mean the 29 bus stopping at Dufferin station?
Every time I've used it, it's been de facto all door boarding because it would just take way too long to load everyone through the front.
I wonder what portion of those riders are directly off the subway. I bet it's pretty high. I would imagine that the marginal losses for the odd person not paying their fare would be made up by the speed/reliability picked up, but I don't know.
I don't know why there's so much distrust of our fellow citizens. I choose to give everyone the benefit of the doubt that they have paid their fare. I see people give me a weird look when I jump on the back of a streetcar with my metropass in my pocket - am I the person that these people run to Twitter and UrbanToronto to complain about getting a free ride? Flaunting the system? I don't know, I'm the guy who still puts their token in the slot when the station attendant is on a bathroom break, so maybe I'm just naive.
That said, there are some weak spots because of the half-assed dive into POP, in addition to the Dufferin bus. I've never seen a fare inspector inside St. Clair W station, or St. Clair station either, for that matter. It would be so easy to jump on the streetcar one stop outside the station. Once you're off the car, it's assumed you've paid your fare.
The TTC really needs to go to a full system of POP, but given all the money they're spending on fare gates, I guess that's off the table.
Once every one has a Presto card, we won't need to worry about picking up an actual POP receipt, so it should be easy.
[QUOTE="Zach6668, post: 1131176, member: 56191 The TTC really needs to go to a full system of POP, but given all the money they're spending on fare gates, I guess that's off the table. [/QUOTE]
I think you should look on the new fare gates as an automated form of POP enforcement; once the new gates are in place and only PRESTO is acceptable you will not be able to enter enter the subway without 'proof of payment'. Then there are the human inspectors who check POP on buses and streetcars. Clearly the TTC cannot inspect everyone and are apparently aiming at a 2% fare evasion rate which is pretty typical, whether there are enough fare inspectors and whether they are in the right places is unclear but it's obviously a balancing act. I have been inspected several times at Broadview Station getting off a 514 and saw an inspector on WWE last week.
EastYorkTTCFan
once the new gates are in place and only PRESTO is acceptable you will not be able to enter enter the subway without 'proof of payment'
or exit. Once the whole system is ready you will have to tap out as well to leave a subway station.
EastYorkTTCFan said:
I am a guy who is motivated by the idea that the rules apply to us all. It is upsetting to me and unbelievable to think that there are people not paying at all. The PRESTO installation in all locations and vehicles, and the need to tap out could not come fast enough. This is pure nonsense.
Soon enough, buses here would have turnstiles, just like Moscow:
Zach6668 said:
Let's put it this way. There will always be someone trying to cheat the system. This is human nature. If everyone must load from the front, the bus will dwell too long. Run time will increase and thus an extra bus is required to operate the desired service. If they station fare enforcement officers at Dufferin, that requires hiring a few more guys adding to the operating cost. If there is someone watching at every door, those who intend to cheat to ride for a few stops wouldn't even brother. Hardly anyone takes the Dufferin bus all the way to Wilson. It's not like the TTC is guarantee to receive the lost revenue if they have full enforcement. The cheapest solution is just leave it the way it is now.
Fare enforcement officers target the trouble spots. They'll go to places where fare evasion happens the most. It's not productive to inspect everyone just to have 0% fare evasion. There's an upright cost to hiring fare inspectors plus TTC doesn't get a single cent from the tickets issued.
Reactions: KevinT, DSC and Johnny Au
I am a guy who is motivated by the idea that the rules apply to us all. It is upsetting to me and unbelievable to think that there are people not paying at all. The PRESTO installation in all locations and vehicles and the need to tap out could not come fast enough. This is pure nonsense.
Same with me
Only problem with it is it isn't accessible for people in wheelchairs or with strollers or other mobility devices.
I don't know why you think it's unbelievable that some people don't pay. Not trying to be rude here but I don't think you're a child and would understand that this world isn't perfect. Someone is not going to pay fare. It happens here and everywhere else. People use to rip tickets in half, put in less coins, use fake tokens, metropasses and etc. It's not that they starting doing POP and free rides for kids that all this problem started. It's been ongoing since the existence of the TTC. We go the worst case that some people ride by hanging onto the bus from the back too.
The real question is why isn't these fare evaders paying like you, me and the rest of us? Is it because the system can be easily cheated so people skip out or because of social inequality that some people can't afford to pay so they'll try to skip out whenever they can. For the TTC, it's their job to monitor the fare system and catch the offenders. As for the city and the country, if fare evasion happens a lot more than it should, it indicates a bigger question. Is Toronto that bad of a city that people can't afford to pay? Or there are that many people that are lowly educated and rather not pay? Do we have too many poor immigrants/refugees? Or that we have some many risk takers? This isn't nonsense but real world problems.
Presto gates will not solve the problem. If those who intend to not pay would just slip in and out of the automatic entrance gates. They aren't enclosed and could be easily jumped.
Reactions: Johnny Au
Of all the problems on the TTC, a few hundred customers on the 29 Dufferin getting a free ride due to overcrowding is the absolute least of my concerns.
And it's not like Presto would force rear door boarders to pay
I am a bit unclear as to what you think is 'pure nonsense". The fact that people sometimes travel without paying; the fact that installing PRESTO readers on all vehicles and stations is taking time; the fact that completely changing the fare system is complex or your whole post. Of course, everyone should pay their fare but, as noted by others, the cost of enforcement needs to be balanced against the cost of 'lost fares'. Installing PRESTO readers on all streetcars, buses and at all subway stations is a huge job, and appears to be moving on pretty well. Educating the public (us) that the way we pay fares and get 'transfers' and how we prove we have paid is changing is not an easy task and I foresee lots of confusion when it is first fully implemented, no matter how well the TTC tries to educate us. To quote the other Bart: "Don't have a cow, man."
So the current TTC streetcar diversion strategies are not working well. I was very confused yesterday trying to get a 505 Dundas West streetcar at Dundas and Spadina to find four 506 east Main Street streetcars heading west on Dundas. They then turned north on Spadina and loop back on College. Meanwhile, the 511 Bathurst bus going North is diverting on Dundas and then turning left at this intersection as well. Essentially it's taking almost 2 light cycles to get each streetcar through the intersection. This intersection simply cannot functionally handle this demand when coupled with the normal other traffic and pedestrians. I'm wondering why they didn't choose McCaul for the turnback instead.
Spadina is also just getting hammered itself. Queen cars are using Spadina both ways to connect to the diversion on King. Adding in the College diversion simultaneously means that the Spadina line gets slowed unacceptably with cars trying to turn on/off the ROW and make the lefts. Really a mess.
Napoleon said:
This is the TTC trying to help more customers by having one seat service eastbound from Spadina oppose to McCaul. In return, they end up holding more traffic on an already bad Dundas/Spadina intersection. Dundas to Spadina WB has a no right turn on read regulation making it worst. Turns from the Spadina ROW should be given transit priority which isn't that bad.
TTC ALERT
No streetcar service on St Clair this weekend due to scheduled salsa dancing. Shuttle buses not running .


No Controller Power Techno Premium Class Router [Archive] - CNCzone.com- Largest Forums for CNC Professional and Hobbyist alike!
Servos have power. But it won't move. Interface shows button activation, but nothing happens. Keep getting enable power dialog box. Manufacturer suggests broken communication link since it doesn't know that power is actually enable.
Could this be a problem with the servo board in pc or the controller? I can't see a problem anywhere.
Tried another computer (same sevo board), keyboard, scsi cable, serial cable, all with the same results--no go.
Suggestions would be helpful. I have to keep working with Techno as well to resolve this problem.


U.S. Based In-vitro diagnostic and medical device manufacturer lacks the staff to conduct a internal audit in anticipation of both an FDA Quality System Regulation (QSR) audit and the next ISO recertification audit.
RQMIS supplemented the manufacturer's staff, conducted a baseline audit, and reconstructed the manufacturer's Technical Files. The manufacturer passed its Notified Body (NB) audit. The NB auditor provided very positive feedback on the improvements.
After interviewing customer, RQMIS conducted a system wide baseline audit using 21 CFR 820 and EN/ISO 13485 as the reference regulation/ standard. The audit results were utilized to develop a gap analysis for all major processes.
To address the redesign of the Design Control and CAPA process flowcharting was used to layout the overall operational processes. Once the flowcharts were finalized we developed the documents to complement the flowcharts. These included the SOPS, WIs and Forms. All forms were pdf based forms for ease of use. Special attention was given to the previous NB audit in which the company's certification was called into question.
Technical File reconstruction required extensive review of existing design control documentation for a medical device and IVD. In addition, interviews and audit source documentation were utilized.
In managing the internal audit program, RQMIS conducted four audit visits to address all aspects of the Quality System. Corrective Actions were identified with consultation from company management. These corrective actions were monitored for completion.
A Senior Quality Consultant and Technical Writer were assigned to the project. The Sr. Quality Consultant managed the project. Frequent teleconferences and several visits onsite were utilized.
RQMIS recommended a strategy of using a full base-line audit, Gap Analysis, and C/A Plan to get the Quality System in place and help assure future certification and to provide a comprehensive, effective Quality System.
Our base-line audit was the foundation. Continued auditing via management of the internal audit program provided ongoing oversight into the improvements being made to the Quality System. All audits were accompanied by agendas, audit reports and corrective actions. The NB provided very positive feedback on this process and the reconstructed Technical Files.
Since RQMIS consultants have deep operational experience in other medical device companies they are able to provide suggestions on how an operation can be designed more efficiently while still being compliant with the standards/regulations.
To start – we needed to obtain and decipher the client "Source Documents" and for some companies this can be challenging. For example, is there a true DHF? Is there supporting data? Should certain documents be removed? Does the DHF need to be rebuilt? RQMIS resources know what to look for, and can help the client work through this sometimes challenging and messy task.
If a Notified Body (NB) Auditor is expecting a comprehensive "Technical File" to be available, and it's currently a mixture of assorted and sometimes non-applicable or outdated information – this can also be an issue and challenge. So – we apply our proven, Standard Technical File (STF) template to walk through necessary inclusions and assemble the file accordingly. RQMIS executed this and actually received feedback that the NB Auditor was impressed.
Nice to have vs. Need to have? Where do you draw the line? This requires thorough knowledge of the FDA Regulations and ISO Standards. Finding the right mix of Design Control procedures, templates, forms, and requirements can be tricky. RQMIS did not overwhelm the client, but assured compliance. RQMIS found a good balance.
The client passed its NB audit. NB provided very positive feedback on the improvements.
Contact RQMIS at info@rqmis.com, call us at (978) 358-7307, or just click the Contact button below.


I've tried so many different chai tea recipes using the regular powdered spices or buying a mix of some sort - nothing tastes like I think it should. That is until I found this recipe where it's made from scratch. Luckily I already had all of these spices as a whole spice because I wanted to try more Indian dishes and have found that spices are so much better when crushed by hand just before adding them to a dish. It's really not difficult - of course a little more time-consuming than just putting a mix in a cup and microwaving it. I made enough so that I can drink 2 cups for 2 days. So, in the long run, it is less time actually. I like it warm, almost hot. It's also very good for you. You can use black tea, green tea, or rooibos (good recommendation) tea - whichever you have or like best. Any "milk" product would work as well. I used non GMO soy milk because I needed a little more protein that day, but any of the nut milks would work great. This is also a great coffee substitute if you're trying to cut down on caffeine.
Return pot to the heat and bring to a boil. Remove from heat, add tea, cover and set aside to let steep for 3 to 5 minutes.
Adapted from one of favorite resources - this is a great website.
Let me know if you try it, or if you have your own recipe that you like.