Imaginary Coordinates is inspired by antique maps of the Holy Land in Spertus' collection. The exhibition juxtaposes these maps with modern and contemporary maps of this region, all of which assert boundaries. It brings these together with objects of material culture and artworks that question national borders, as a way of charting new spaces, fostering conversation, and imagining new communities.
Included in the exhibit are antique maps, a two-minute video-loop of a naked Israeli woman hula hooping with barbed wire, and video of a woman in Jerusalem asking people for directions to Ramallah. Imaginary Coordinates opened on May 2nd, and closed after a week for "building maintenance." Since the Spertus museum is a brand new facility opened in December after a $55 million renovation project, it seems unlikely that maintenance was really the issue. The exhibit reopened on May 15th, but now you can only be admitted to the exhibit as part of a guided tour every hour. The exhibit has also been rearranged, in order to "shift fragile items away from harsh light" according to the Chicago Tribune.
Read reviews for Imaginary Coordinates here, here and here.
*** Update: Spertus seems to have closed the exhibit on the same day this post went up on the blog. I encourage you to still email Rhoda Rosen, as it shouldn't be too late for it to be reopened.
Are There Any Jews in Narnia?


text:
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Adiabo / News / News / What 'Rape as a Weapon of War' in Tigray Really Means
What 'Rape as a Weapon of War' in Tigray Really Means
Adiabo
. August 11, 2021
Source: sites.tufts.edu
Readers are cautioned that this article contains disturbing accounts of sexual violence.
Since the on-going war in Tigray, Ethiopia began in early November 2020, reports have emerged that rape has been used as a `weapon of war.' These reports have grown in volume over the subsequent months. Evidence points to rape being widespread and systematically used by the Ethiopian National Defense Forces (ENDF) and the Eritrean Defense Forces (EDF) and Amhara regional militia and special forces during their offensives and as they captured and held territory in Tigray. These are the armed forces on which we focus in this article.
It is important to better understand what it means for rape and sexual violence to be used as a 'weapon of war' in Tigray, and what that means for armed conflict and the present and future of women and girls, as well as men and boys in Tigray and Ethiopia.
Starting in early February 2021, my colleagues and I at the World Peace Foundation began receiving information from and interviewing survivors of and responders to the sexual violence against Tigrayan females and, to a less extent, males. These testimonies and stories coming out of Tigray from the brave women, girls, men and boys men who are survivors, eye witnesses and first responders are shocking in their violence and inhumanity. Other reports have been published on the use of sexual violence in Tigray. We add our findings and analysis from our interviews to this growing material and where our findings are corroborated by other reports we cite those reports. Based on our research, here is what we know.
The sexual violence appears to have begun near or at the start of the military offensive in November 2020 and continued until June 2021, when TDF counter-offensives pushed the ENDF and EDF out of most of Tigray and retook control of the major cities. Starting early in the war, as the ENDF and EDF moved through Tigray, they would capture girls and women and hold them as sexual slaves; when they moved on, sometimes they would dump their victims off, other times they took them along. Once in their new locations, they captured and raped more Tigrayan girls and women.
During the period of November through June 2021, Tigrayan females were the primary targets of war-related sexual violence. From information we have collected, victims of rape included little girls as young as four years old and teenage girls. In addition, women of all ages, including pregnant and nursing women, grandmothers and great grandmothers were sexually violated. These attacks were not isolated. The interviews we conducted found victims coming from all over the areas where the ENDF, EDF and Amhara regional militia and special forces were fighting or holding territory. The victims identified the perpetrators as members of those armed forces.
Victims and those treating their injuries reported that there were no places where females were safe from the threat of rape. Testimony provides evidence of rapes occurring in victims' homes in front of their families. They were dragged out and raped in public. They were raped as they sought out food and water. School girls were raped on their way to classes. Over a dozen female medical students from Mekelle University's Health Science College were raped on campus by Ethiopian Federal Police Officers.
In a culture where sexual matters are very private, survivors described being forced to participate in sexual acts that are taboo, degrading and offensive in their cultures. These acts included anal penetration with the male member and other objects, being orally raped, and being sexually touched and penetrated by multiple men at the same time. These taboo acts were particularly harmful when, as occurred at times, they were carried out in front of their family members and neighbors or in public. When perpetrators ordered them to submit to these forms of sexual violence, some victims said they would rather die; they were beaten and forced into submission.
Female survivors of sexual violence sustained serious physical, mental and emotional injuries. Medical personnel who treated the survivors reported scratches and bruises on and around their breasts. They described significant injuries around the genitalia due to rape. Some females had ruptures and punctures around and through their anuses and vaginas (i.e., fistulas) due to anal and vaginal rape with sticks, heated metal, nails and other objects. Some females who said they resisted the rapes had knife cuts on their inner and outer thighs. Others had burning hot metal pressed against their thighs and external genitalia. Others were vaginally raped with burning hot pieces of metal. In some cases, the burns on the genitalia were so severe that the tissue had lost its elasticity and become fibrous, which can cause the tissues to rupture during childbirth. The injuries caused by inserting hot metal and other objects inside the birth canal can lead to infections, which can spread, destroying the healthy uterus, and effectively sterilizing the woman or girl. Such injuries can necessitate the surgical removal of the uterus.
Some survivors of the sexual violence are now pregnant. Family members have brought their raped and now pregnant sisters and daughters to hospitals seeking abortions. Others have sought out traditional ways to abort or tried to end pregnancies themselves when the hospitals that perform safe abortions were too far or had been destroyed by armed forces.
Others have contracted HIV and hepatitis. Women have said that their rapists have told them they are HIV positive and intentionally wanted to infect them. One women rape survivor said she told the ENDF soldiers and three EDF who were gang-raping her that they should use protection because she was HIV positive. They gang raped her without protection, saying they intended to spread HIV among the women and girls of Tigray.
Medical personnel also reported that the female victims had a wide range of psychological and emotional injuries due not only to the sexual violence they experienced, but also because of witnessing the killing of their family members and neighbors and the destruction of their homes and communities. For example, mother in her mid-30s was gang-raped in front of her young son for several hours by members of the ENDF. She lost consciousness. After she woke up, she found her son had been murdered and lay dead across her legs. He was four-years-old. She did not bury him, but fled from the scene in fear for her life. She received medical care only because good Samaritans found her in dire physical and mental condition, and brought her to medical professionals.
A few Tigrayan male survivors of sexual violence, boys and men, came forward seeking medical care because of traumatic injuries they had sustained due to anal rape. One reported he was held by the ENDF in their camp where he was repeatedly anally raped. It is extremely difficult for men and boys to come forward to report sexual violence against themselves, but we do know that the ENDF used rape against Tigrayan men and boys in this war.
While subjecting Tigrayan girls and women to forms of sexual torture, the END, the EDF and Amhara regional militia and special forces perpetrators told their victims, "You Tigrayans make us struggle, you betrayed us, you are traitors"; "You are our prisoners"; "We want to get rid of you here"; and "We don't like you." Some reportedly said, "We are given a directive by the government that we can kill you, we can rape you without accountability," and "We can do to you whatever we like." Others said, "If we get rid of Tigrayans, we can give this land to Eritrea." Taking on a genocidal tone during the rapes some said, "We want to clean you all, cleanse you of their Tigrayan identity," and "We do not want you to perpetuate the life of Tigrayans anymore in Ethiopia."
As the ENDF and EDF advanced and captured territory, in some locations they set up rape camps. We learned of three specific rape camps: one in a hospital in Hawzen, one at a construction site, and one along a river. Our informants believe that others existed.
Hawzen is rural town in the Tigray region and home to a few thousand people. It has been subjected to heavy fighting and bombardment six times since the war began in November 2020. Its hospital, once serving thousands from around the area, was systematically looted and vandalized by the ENDF and the EDF as they occupied the town and set their military base inside the hospital. One informant told us that, "Every door was taken, everything was looted and vandalized." Locals worked to help make the hospital minimally functional again, including putting doors back on and refurbishing some of the rooms. The TDF attacked the ENDF and expelled them from city. The following week, the ENDF and the EDF shelled the city and the TDF was forced to retreat. The ENDF re-entered the city and again set up their base in the hospital. This time, they brought with them numerous Tigrayan girls and women they had captured from nearby locations. They held them captive in the hospital rooms. The beds that had set up for patients were now used by ENDF and EDF to rape these girls and women. At times they were tied to the beds so they could not escape or resist. In other cases the newly attached doors were used to seal them in the rooms where they would be raped and sexually tortured. As of this writing the Hawzen hospital has been destroyed.
In another rape camp, a Tigrayan woman walking and carrying her infant child was abducted by the Ethiopian army and held for two weeks as a sex slave at an abandoned construction site where the ENDF and EDF were camped. She said that members of the ENDF and EDF tied her hand to a tree to prevent her escape and repeatedly raped her. She said the men stood in a line to rape her and that they would hand her child to the next man in line while the other man would take his turn raping her. She was raped continuously and could not feed breastfeed her baby. When her rapists decided that her baby was starving to death, she was untied to breastfeed the child. At this point, she escaped with her child. She reported that other Tigrayan women and girls were held with her in the same abandoned construction site and that they were also gang-raped.
What does all this tell us about the use of sexual violence and "rape as a weapon of war" by the ENDF, the EDF and the Amhara militias?
First, it is clear that the people targeted for sexual violence are Tigrayan civilians. Many report being told that they are raped and sexually violated because of their ethnic identity.
Second, the sexual violence perpetrated against Tigrayan women, girls, men and boys includes abuse, torture, terror and mutilation that is specifically sexual in nature. This violence targets reproductive and sexual body parts, not infrequently causing irreparable damage and reproductive disability or inability. Survivors, eye witnesses and responders have reported that rape and other sexual abuse, sexual mutilation, sexual slavery, forced pregnancy, forced sterilization, sexual torture and preventing mothers from breastfeeding their infants have used by the ENDF, the EDF and the Amhara regional militia and special forces against Tigrayans in this war.
Third, the fact that the rapes and sexual violence began at the same time as the military incursions indicate that it was very likely part of the military strategy and tactic. The ENDF was a professional army with a reputation for professional conduct and discipline while in mission. The Ethiopian armed forces are the largest contributor of uniformed personnel to United Nations peacekeeping forces and have served with distinction in numerous countries. The ENDF is not a rag-tag, out-of-control fighting force. It has repeatedly demonstrated that its members act under the orders and control of its leadership.
The EDF does not enjoy a comparable international reputation. On the contrary, it is known for forcible conscription of males and females and indefinite military service during which soldiers are subjected to brutal disciplinary measures. An outcome of the extreme hierarchy of control and discipline is that its troops carry out orders to the letter. Like the ENDF, the EDF it is not a rag-tag, out-of-control force. It is a force that acts according to its leadership's orders.
In other conflicts, apologists for sexual violence by men in uniform have tried to explain it away as what men naturally do in the context of war. In fact, soldiers tend to recoil from organized rape as they find it shaming and demoralizing. They perpetrate these violations when ordered to do so, or at minimum are given implicit instructions that it is an expectation of their superiors. We have been told of officers encouraging their subordinates to rape, making light of sexual violence and making jokes about it. When soldiers have protested or refused to participate in rapes, they are given nominal punishments, such as a day's confinement to base. In another case, a Tigrayan woman who was gang-raped reported that during her assault, one of the ENDF fighters refused to rape her and even tried to free her from captivity. The other ENDF soldiers who were raping her were furious at him for trying to help her and later tried to force him out of their unit.
Fourth, the rapes and sexual violence appear to have occurred across Tigrayan territory and over the duration of six-to-seven months. Numerous soldiers participated in the rape and sexual violence, literally lining up in their camp settings to do so. Rape camps were established in different parts of Tigray by the ENDF and EDF to facilitate rape. There is no evidence that the level of sexual violence was reduced when there was international attention to it, nor were these acts condemned by Ethiopian government and military leaders. These facts strongly indicate that these widespread and systematic rapes and sexual violence were part of a military strategy, at the least.
Fifth, as part of their tactics, the ENDF and EDF have targeted mothering and have permanently harmed some of their victims' reproductive capacities. Repeated rapes have the almost inevitable result of pregnancy, which may drive girls and women to abort at risk to their own lives, as has been reported. We have also recorded how through sexual violence the ENDF and EDF forcibly sterilized girls and women. Such physical and psychological violence has potentially irreversible physical, psycho-social and economic consequences for Tigrayan girls and women now and in the future.
Sixth, while the ENDF, the EDF and the Amhara regional militia and special forces are sexually violating Tigrayan women and girls, and to a lesser extent men and boys, it is important to understand that much of the violence is about males communicating with other males, as well as women and girls, about their masculinity, as well as the presence or lack of other males' masculine abilities. While maleness is a biological construction, masculinity is a status that must be affirmed by oneself and others. In this way, male perpetrators use violence to demonstrate their power over Tigrayan women and girls, as well as over their victims' fathers, brothers and husbands and, symbolically, over the larger Tigrayan ethnic community.
Seventh, and relatedly, gender is a meaning making system that infuses women and girls (and men and boys) with cultural, religious, economic and political meaning. In Tigray, as in many cultures, women and girls – through their bodies, sexuality and behaviors – represent family, honor, ethnicity and culture. When women's and girls' sexuality and bodies define the honor and integrity of social groups, the violation of their bodies by outside forces serves as a direct attack against and 'staining' of the entire group. Men who cannot protect their women and girls may be seen, and may see themselves, as having `failed' as men and failed their ethnic group. In one example of how violating women seeks to violate the entire society, the ENDF began raping a priest's wife in front of her husband. The wives of priests are highly honored in Tigrayan society. The ENDF raped the wife and then killed the husband priest as he began to shout for them to stop and for others to come to their aid.
Eighth, the pattern of rape in Tigray echoes with those of genocidal campaigns in Bosnia-Herzegovina (1992 – 1995) and Rwanda (1994). We are seeing the pervasive, widespread, and systematic use of rape and sexual violence of females of all ages, and some males, because they are Tigrayan. The clear ethnic targeting of the victims by the ENDF, the EDF and the Amhara regional militia and special forces does not advance traditional military goals, such as winning discrete battles or controlling an area. Many rapes are perpetrated in public or in front of victims' family members, in rape camps, or in camps and bases of the ENDF and EDF. There is a degree of organization, forethought and intent needed to set up rape camps, line up rapists, repeatedly carry out gang rape for days and weeks on end, and employ torture and reproductive harm to sterilize victims during rape. Taken as a whole, these crimes are a combination of rape, forced impregnation, forced sterilization, sexual enslavement, sexual torture, inhuman treatment and severe disruptions of maternal care.
Thus, we come to the conclusion that in Tigray, the patterns of rape and sexual violence carried out by the ENDF, the EDF and Amhara regional militia and special forces against Tigrayan civilians are consistent with acts of genocide, potentially conducted with the intent of destroying the Tigrayan people. The governments of Ethiopia and Eritrea have direct and urgent obligation to halt all such acts. The international community likewise bears responsibility to prevent and respond to this violence, and to demand accountability for what has already occurred. Finally, there is an obligation on all of us, Africans and non-Africans, to call out these abuses, demand their immediate cessation, and vigorously pursue accountability for perpetrators and remedy and reparation for victims.
My life, my way.
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ካብ ድሮን መጥቃዕቲ ንከላኸለሎም 18 መንገድታት!
150 starved to death in Ethiopia's Tigray in August
© 2021 Adiabo

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Looking to Lower Your Cholesterol? Dark Chocolate and Almonds May Help!
A new study shows that the combination of these two foods may reduce LDL cholesterol–but take this news with caution. Listen in this week as Dee talks about the results of the study and the therapeutic amount of dark chocolate and almonds to consume.


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Q: Isomorphic ring $\mathbb{Q}[x]/(x^3+x) \cong \mathbb{Q} \times \mathbb{Q}[x]/(x^2+1)$ I want to prove an isomorphism of the form $\mathbb{Q}[x]/(x^3+x) \cong \mathbb{Q} \times \mathbb{Q}[x]/(x^2+1)$. I want to use the Chinese Remainder Theorem
$\mathbb{Q}[x]/(x^3+x) = \mathbb{Q}[x]/(x(x^2+1))$
So I choose $I = (x), J = (x^2 + 1)$
What I have to show first is that $I$, $J$ are coprime. (How can I do this? Because it feels trivial)
Secondly I have to show that $\mathbb{Q}[x]/(x) = \mathbb{Q}$. My question is: How can I prove this?

A: To find an explicit isomorphism, we note that
$$1=(-x)\cdot x+1\cdot(x^2+1).$$
This proves also that $I=(x)$ and $J=(x^2+1)$ are coprime ideals.  So, for all $p(x)\in\mathbb{Q}[x]$, we can write
$$p(x)=\big(-xp(x)\big)\cdot x+p(x)\cdot (x^2+1)=(x^2+1)p(x)-x^2p(x).$$
Therefore, a good isomorphism $\varphi:\Bbb{Q}/\big(x(x^2+1)\big)\to \big(\mathbb{Q}[x]/(x)\big)\oplus \big(\mathbb{Q}/(x^2+1)\big)$ is given by
$$\varphi\big(p(x)\operatorname{mod}x(x^2+1)\big)=\big(p(x)\operatorname{mod} x,p(x)\operatorname{mod} (x^2+1)\big).$$
The inverse of $\varphi$ is $\psi: \big(\mathbb{Q}[x]/(x)\big)\oplus \big(\mathbb{Q}/(x^2+1)\big)\to \Bbb{Q}/\big(x(x^2+1)\big)$ given by
$$\psi\big(a(x)\operatorname{mod} x,b(x)\operatorname{mod}(x^2+1)\big)=\Big((x^2+1)a(x)-x^2b(x) \Big)\operatorname{mod} x(x^2+1).$$
Note that there exists an isomorphism $\mathbb{Q}[x]/(x)\to\mathbb{Q}$ sending $\big(f(x)\operatorname{mod} x\big)\mapsto f(0)$.  So, you can rewrite $\varphi$ and $\psi$ as $$\Phi:\Bbb{Q}/\big(x(x^2+1)\big)\to \mathbb{Q}\oplus \big(\mathbb{Q}/(x^2+1)\big)$$ and $$\Psi:\mathbb{Q}\oplus \big(\mathbb{Q}/(x^2+1)\big)\to \Bbb{Q}/\big(x(x^2+1)\big),$$ which are given by
$$\Phi\big(p(x)\operatorname{mod}x(x^2+1)\big)=\big(p(0),p(x)\operatorname{mod} (x^2+1)\big)$$
and
$$\Psi\big(t,b(x)\operatorname{mod}(x^2+1)\big)=\Big((x^2+1)t-x^2b(x) \Big)\operatorname{mod} x(x^2+1).$$

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From the *Nutrition Infection Unit, Department of Community Health, Tufts University, Boston, MA; †Department of Medicine, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA; ‡Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies and Department of Medicine, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA; §Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Human Nutrition Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston MA; ∥Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; ¶Department of Medicine, Stamford Hospital, Stamford, CT; #Nutrition, Sarcopenia, and Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston MA; and **Schneider Institute for Health Policy, Heller School, Brandeis University, Waltham MA.
Objective:To compare oxandrolone (OX) or strength training with nutrition alone (NA) for AIDS wasting.Subjects:Fifty patients with AIDS; 47 completing the study.Interventions:Randomization to (1) NA with placebo pills, (2) nutrition with 10 mg of OX administered orally twice a day, or (3) nutrition with progressive resistance training (PRT) for 12 weeks.Main Outcome Measures:Midthigh cross-sectional muscle area (CSMA), physical functioning (PF), costs, and cost-effectiveness in dollars/quality-adjusted life-years ($/QALYs).Results:The OX and PRT subjects had increases in CSMA (7.0% ± 2.5%, P = 0.01; 5.0% ± 2.0%, P = 0.04, respectively), although these increases did not differ significantly from the NA arm (NA: 1.0% ± 1.0%; OX vs. NA: P = 0.09; PRT vs. NA: P = 0.26). Only PRT caused significant improvements in PF (mean ± SE: 10.4 ± 3.8 points on a 100-point scale) and 7 measures of strength (P values: 0.04 to <0.001). There were no overall differences between groups in PF change. Among patients with impaired baseline PF, however, OX was significantly less effective than NA and PRT was significantly better than NA. All treatments led to increases in protein intake and performance; NA and PRT also increased caloric intake. The institutional costs per subject in this trial were $983 for NA, $3772 for OX, and $3189 for PRT. At a community-based level of intensity, the institutional costs per QALY were $45,000 (range: $42,000-$64,000) for NA, $147,000 (range: $147,000-$163,000) for OX, and $31,000 (range: $21,000-$44,000) for PRT.Conclusions:OX and PRT induce similar improvements in body composition, but PRT improves quality of life more than nutrition or OX, particularly among patients with impaired PF. PRT was the most cost-effective intervention, and OX was the least cost-effective intervention.


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NEW EAST-WEST CENTER PUBLICATIONS
Submitted by piradmin on Mon, 12/30/2002 - 00:00
INDOOR AIR POLLUTION: THE QUIET KILLER
By Vinod Mishra, Robert D. Retherford, and Kirk R. Smith. AsiaPacific Issues, 8 pages. PDF at http://www.EastWestCenter.org/res-rp-publicationdetails.asp?pub_ID=1311
HONOLULU (Dec. 26) -- Indoor air pollution from cooking and home-heating with polluting fuels such as wood and animal dung kills 1.6 million people a year and causes 3 percent of total diseases around the world. It was recently ranked by the World Health Organization as the fourth biggest health risk in least-developed nations after malnutrition, unsafe sex and unclean water and sanitation.
Yet outdoor air pollution, which kills far fewer people and is ranked much lower as a health risk, receives virtually all the attention and funding.
"It occurs mostly in poor rural homes in developing countries and it's nobody's priority," said Vinod Mishra, a...
INDONESIAN COURT ACQUITS MILITARY OFFICER
DILI, East Timor (Radio Australia, Dec. 31) - Indonesia's human rights court has again acquitted an Indonesian army officer of crimes against humanity in East Timor in 1999.
Yayat Sudrajat, who was a colonel with the Kopassus Special Forces, was accused of failing to prevent a massacre at a church at Liquica in April 1999 in which 22 people died.
He is the tenth member of the Indonesian security forces to be cleared by the court.
A civilian has also been acquitted while one army officer and two civilians have been jailed.
They are free pending appeal.
International human rights groups have accused the court of failing to hold the military to account for the militia bloodshed before and after East Timor's 1999 breakaway from Indonesia.
Last Saturday an Indonesian court for the first time jailed a member of Indonesia's army for his role in deadly militia attacks in East Timor three years ago.
A former commander of troops in the East...
CYCLONE RESCUE UNDER WAY IN REMOTE SOLOMONS
HONIARA, Solomon Islands (Radio Australia, Dec. 31) - Solomon Islands authorities are hoping to dispatch a patrol boat later today, to deliver emergency supplies to two remote islands out of contact since bearing the full force of a powerful cyclone over the weekend.
National Disaster Management Office director Loti Yates says there are grave concerns for the welfare of up to 1,500 people on the islands of Tikopia and Anuta after Cyclone Zoe slammed through with winds of up to 300 kilometers per hour.
Meanwhile, Zoe was weakening but moving slowly towards Vanuatu and Fiji.
Yates says his office is coordinating efforts with aid agencies and plans to send medical teams and engineers along with food, medical supplies and temporary shelters on the three-day voyage from Honiara.
Bad weather has so far prevented any air or sea communication with the islands.
Radio contact has not been established since the cyclone hit the small islands and the extent of...
KIRIBATI TO GET EU "NON-STATE ACTOR" FUNDING
SUVA, Fiji (PINA, Dec. 30) - Kiribati has become one of the region's first countries where "Non State Actors" have set up a structure to benefit from European Union (EU) funding under the Cotonou Agreement.
They will become eligible for 10 percent of the EU's development funding for Kiribati. This means they will get access to EUR0.9 million (about A$1.5 million) for projects over the next five years.
The opening of the ACP (African, Caribbean, Pacific) group-EU aid, trade and development partnership to Non-State Actors is one of innovations of the new Cotonou Agreement. Under previous agreements development funding only went to governments.
Agreement on Kiribati's Non-State Actor structure was reached during a visit by Shamina Narayan, of the Suva-based Delegation of the European Commission for the Pacific.
Narayan said it could become a model for some of the 13 other Pacific Islands countries where Non-State Actors are now eligible for such EU support...
AIRCALIN TO INTRODUCE 271-SEAT AIRBUSI
SYDNEY, Australia (PINA, Dec. 30) - New Caledonia's international airline, Aircalin, plans to introduce its new A330-200 Airbus on some of its services between Noumea and Sydney and Brisbane.
The 271-seat European-built aircraft will make its first return flight to Sydney on January 17.
Aircalin's regional director for Australia and New Zealand, Marie Varnier, said the introduction of the A330-200 was a vote of confidence in the future of New Caledonia's tourist industry.
The extra capacity could only lead to more visitors to the French territory, she said. "With this aircraft, we will be able to offer a standard of comfort and onboard service and amenities second to none for Australian holidaymakers to New Caledonia," she said.
Two of the new aircraft are being put into service on routes from Nouméa, the New Caledonian capital, to Japan, Australia, New Zealand and French Polynesia, Varnier said.
Pacific Islands News...
FIJI PM SAYS OVERSEAS RELATIONS ON MEND
SUVA, Fiji (Radio Fiji, Dec. 31) - Prime Minister Laisenia Qarase says the government has achieved the target of enhancing its relationship with overseas donor countries.
Speaking with Bula 100FM News in Suva, Qarase says countries including Australia and New Zealand have renewed ties and confidence with Fiji after the 2000 crisis.
The Prime Minister says all the trade bans have been lifted as the country returns to normality.
He says the European Union (EU) is yet to lift its ban on further assistance to Fiji in the next five years as they are awaiting the court case by the Labor Party on the multi party cabinet.
Qarase says once a court decision is made the EU will review its decision to lift that ban.
"The funding is proposed for projects to be implemented next year. The ban doesn't affect assistance for the new Rewa Bridge and rubbish dump for Suva.
According to Qarase. diplomatic ties between EU and countries in the African Caribbean...
CNMI POISED TO FIRE BANK OF GUAM AFTER LOAN REBUFF
SAIPAN, CNMI (Marianas Variety, Dec. 31) – Gov. Juan N. Babauta says the government is "ready" to sever its more than 20-year-old business relations with Bank of Guam, adding that the bank's partnership with the Northern Marianas is "not genuine."
Babauta said the government may pull out its multi-million dollar government deposits and assets from Bank of Guam which recently rejected the CNMI's $19 million loan proposal.
"I am considering the option (of pulling out )," Babauta said yesterday.
"There is now a feeling that the business partnership between the CNMI government and Bank of Guam is not genuine," the governor said.
"We really needed Bank of Guam's help, but it turned its back on us," he said.
Bank of Guam's executive vice president and chief operating officer, William D. Leon Guerrero, declined to comment.
He said the bank has a strict confidentiality policy regarding its transactions with its clients, including the CNMI...
JAYAPURA POLICE INVESTIGATE PAPUA BORDER SHOOTING
JAKARTA, Indonesia (PINA, Dec. 30) - Jayapura's Police chief is leading investigations into the shooting of three members of a Papuan human rights activist's family on the border with Papua New Guinea.
Adj. Sr. Comr. Totok Kasmiarto, who heads Indonesian police in the provincial capital, personally led the police team in the Wutung area collecting evidence, the Jakarta Post reported.
Shot and injured were the wife, a child and a relative of Papuan human rights activist John Bonay. They had been on their way to visit relatives across the border in Vanimo, Papua New Guinea.
Bonay had accused the Indonesian military of involvement in the deadly August 1 ambush at Papua's big American-owned company Freeport gold and copper mine. There was speculation the attack could be linked to this.
The police investigation team collected projectiles found at the Wutung site. It also received other evidence, collected by soldiers stationed at the Papua-Papua New Guinea...
FIJI TO DEFEND SUGAR PRICES AT WTO HEARINGS
SUVA, Fiji (RNZI, Dec. 31) – The European Union will allow Fiji to join hearings at the World Trade Organization on Australia and Brazil's challenge against the EU sugar regime.
Fiji live reports that the EU has also promised Fiji that it will receive financial help to get legal advice and for representation at the WTO proceedings.
It says Brazil and Australia want African, Caribbean and Pacific sugar producing countries to sell their produce at world market prices and not at prices set by the EU regime.
Currently, Fiji gets special quotas and sells its sugar in EU markets at almost three times the world market price.
Fiji's sugar export earnings from sugar in the last five years was over US$465 million.
EU sources say the Australian-Brazil challenge seeks to erode the EU's special price for its sugar imports from ACP countries and a reduction in preferential quotas.
Fiji's Ambassador to the EU, Isikeli Mataitoga says Fiji's economy and 200...
25,000 GUAM VICTIMS TO RECEIVE RED CROSS HELP
HAGATNA, Guam (Marianas Variety, Dec. 31) - Immediately following the impact of Supertyphoon Pongsona, volunteers from the local chapter of the American Red Cross assisted families affected by this devastating storm.
Five days into the emergency phase of the relief operation, the Red Cross began registering families who suffered damage to their homes through a toll free number in order to begin receiving financial assistance.
To date, the Red Cross has registered over 25,000 families with more than 10,000 having already received financial assistance.
Each day additional families continue to be assisted financially through the Astumbo and Agat Service Centers. This assistance is being provided so that people can purchase essential items lost or damaged as a result of the storm.
As the relief efforts move forward, the Red Cross has begun to see a significant decline in the number of families requesting assistance in meeting their emergency needs.
Melanesian Spearhead Group Foreign Ministers Discuss Membership
Hilda Heine Becomes First Women President Of The RMI
Fiji Opposition Concerned About Social Media Threats
SECOND FSM BANKING AND INVESTMENT SEMINAR NEXT WEEK


Control is manifest in the work in both content and form. But it is also present in the relationship between the pieces themselves and the supplementary information inherent in their titles. In fact, the titles reveal key information that is vital in teasing out many of the threads that enrich our experience of what may otherwise be perceived as incongruent elements. And then there is the title of the exhibition itself, The Flame and the Flower, which evokes notions of celebration or memorial, and also directly references a 1970s romance novel of the same name. While a number of the individual titles in the exhibition function to focus a reading of the work, the exhibition title serves to open the dialog up again. It represents part of a well-coordinated balance that facilitates consideration well beyond the walls of the gallery.


英文摘要 An experiment was performed at atmospheric pressure to investigate the critical heat flux (CHF) characteristic of 10ppm, 20ppm, 30ppm, 40ppm and 50ppm water-based silver nanofluids. The NiCr wire heater used in this study has an outer diameter of 0.2 mm with a length of 56 mm, and the mean diameter of silver nanoparticles is 30nm.
The experiment was performed to measure the heat flux and the difference between the wire temperature and the saturation temperature, then plot the boiling curves. The results show that the CHFs of silver nanofluids are enhanced over that of pure water by 95% ~159%. SEM and EDS analysis of the wire surface reveal that a porous layer of nanoparticles are built up on the wire surface during boiling. This layer significantly improves the surface wettability on the nanofluid-boiled wire compared with the pure-water-boiled surfaces.
	J. C. Maxwell, A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism, Second Edition, Clarendon Press, Oxford, UK, 1881.
	X. Q. Wang, A.S. Mujumdar, "Heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids: a review", International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 46, pp.1–19, 2007.
	S. Nukiyama, "The Maximum and Minimum Value of The Heat Q Transmitted from Metal to Boiling Water under Atmospheric Pressure", Journal Japan Soc. Mech. Engrs 37, pp. 367-374 , 1934.
	S. M. You, J. H. Kim, K. H. Kim, "Effect of nanoparticles on critical heat flux of water in pool boiling heat transfer", Applied Physics Letters, vol.83, No.16, pp.3374-3376, 2003.
	S. K. Das, N. Putra, W. Roetzel, "Pool Boiling Characteristics of Nano-Fluids", International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 851–862, 2003.
	P. Vassallo, R. Kumar, S. D'Amico "Pool boiling heat transfer experiments in silica–water nano-fluids", International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 47, pp. 407-411, 2004.
	H. D. Kim , Jeongbae Kim , Moo Hwan Kim, "Effect of nanoparticles on CHF enhancement in pool boiling of nano-fluids", International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 49, pp. 5070-5074, 2006.
	H. D. Kim , Jeongbae Kim , Moo Hwan Kim, "Experimental studies on CHF characteristics of nano-fluidsat pool boiling", International Journal of Multiphase Flow 33, pp. 691–706, 2007.
	S. J. Kim, I.C. Bang, J. Buongiorno, L.W. Hu, "Surface wettability change during pool boiling of nanofluids and its effect on critical heat flux", International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 50, pp. 4105–4116, 2007.
	M. N. Golubovic, H. D. Madhawa Hettiarachchi, W. M. Worek , W. J. Minkowycz, "Nanofluids and critical heat flux experimental and analytical study", Applied Thermal Engineering, 2008.
	F. Kreith, and M. S. Bohn, Principle of Heat Transfer, Brooks Cole, USA, 2001.
	Hyndman Industrial Products, Inc., Resistance wire heating data, www.resistancewire.com, 2003.
	P. Sadasivan, P. R. Chappidi, C. Unal, R. A. Nelson, "Possible mechanisms of macrolayer formation", Pool External Flow Boil, pp. 135, 1992.
	S. W. Kang, W. C. Wei, S. H. Tsai, S. Y. Yang, "Experimental investigation of silver nano-fluid on heat pipe thermal performance", Appl. Therm. Eng, 2006.
	S. W. Kang, W. C. Wei, S. H. Tsai, C. C. Huang, " Experimental investigation of nanofluids on sintered heat pipe thermal performance", Appl. Therm. Eng, 2008.
	M. Katsuta, Y. Yoshida, K. Yoshikawa, K. Ebihara, M. Ikeda, "Heat Transfer Characteristics of Micro Heat Pipe Using Silver Nanofluid", 9th International Heat Pipe Symposium, pp. 254–260, 2008.


Go to the Addons section and select the EmailTicket configure option.
Enter your email address that should receive the ticket. By separating email addresses with a comma you can add multiple addresses.
You can configure your addon and subscribe to a set of events that you would like to receive emails to your configured addresses.
offline_message receive Receive an email for each new offline message you receive.
chat_meta start Receive an email for each new chat session.
chat_meta forward Receive an email when are chat session gets forwarded.
chat_meta rating Receive an email when a chat session receives a rating.
chat_meta feedback Receive an email when a chat session receives a feedback.
chat_meta survey Receive an email when a chat session receives a survey.
chat_meta receive Receive an email when a chat session ends and the conversation is finished.
chat_widget config Receive an email when a chat widget configuration changes.
operator online Receive an email when a operator goes online.
operator offline Receive an email when a operator goes offline.
operator away Receive an email when a operator goes away.
operator back Receive an email when a operator comes back.
misc chatbutler_incoming Receive an email when a new chat session is waiting.
After the configuration process you can send offline messages to your provided email addresses.
The same function is available for sending chat transcripts to your provided email addresses. It is also possible to trigger the action from a chat session with a chat command.
Chat Butler is a simple chatbot that automatically responds to chat requests when no Operator is immediately available, repeatedly notifying your service team that a chat is waiting (full Chat Butler tutorial).


Robert Parker's Wine Advocate : A blend of 63% Cabernet Sauvignon and 37% Merlot, it displays an inky/blue/purple color as well as a big, sweet nose of creme de cassis, forest floor, licorice, lead pencil, cedar and subtle barrique smells. Viscous and full-bodied, it is the most concentrated and broadest example of this cuvee I have tasted in over three decades. It will be ready to drink in 5-7 years and should last for three decades or more.
Consumers looking to maximize value should be checking out Duhart Milon, as this may be the single smartest purchase in this great and historic vintage! Since few consumers other than Chinese billionaires can afford wines such as Lafite Rothschild, perhaps it is time for readers to take a look at Duhart Milon, which sells for less than Lafite's second wine. The Rothschilds have invested heavily in resurrecting this property to near super-star status, and the 2009 appears to be the finest Duhart I have ever tasted.


text:
Piet de Boer (Amszterdam, 1919. október 10. – 1984. február 8.), holland válogatott labdarúgó.

A holland válogatott tagjaként részt vett az 1938-as világbajnokságon.

További információk

Holland labdarúgók
Labdarúgócsatárok
Az 1938-as világbajnokság labdarúgói
1919-ben született személyek
1984-ben elhunyt személyek

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Getting prepared for Sri Lanka - what you need to know before you go there!
Yay, finally tropical weather again! We are going to backpack Sri Lanka for 14 days in May. Soon, we will add more posts, highlighting the places we "heart" in Sri Lanka and sharing the experiences we made.
Besides our obvious thrill of anticipation of the vast variety of nature, tropical temperatures, impressive rock formations, wild elephants, tea tastings, heavenly food, and breathtaking scenery, just to name a few.
Sri Lanka is a year-round holiday destination, but due to monsoons you should check beforehand which route to take. May to September are mostly dominated by the southwest monsoon, which is why we plan to travel the inland and East Coast during our trip.
Most bloggers recommend that you decide in advance of a rough route to take. You also need to take into consideration that travels are rather slow (except when you hop on an expensive inland flight). We guess it's best to decide on some must-sees, and otherwise float and find hidden gems yourself!
Our rough route will be: Udawalawe National Park, Kandy, Ella, Cultural triangle, East Coast – which should be a good combination of culture, nature, wildlife and a beautiful sunrise at the beach.
As we will backpack, we want to pack as light as possible. Considering the hot and humid climate, light-colored cotton clothes will do. As nights in the highlands can be a litte cooler, and due to potential rainfalls, we'll also pack light jackets, as well as sneakers for some easy hiking.
We'd like to visit some temples as well, therefore it's appropriate to bring clothes/scarf to hide your shoulders/knees. I've read that it's also not always the best idea to only wear a bikini at the beach, considering the Sri Lankan culture and religion. I guess for touristy beaches it won't be an issue, but on other beaches, a T-shirt might be better.
I got an anti-rabies inoculation because I wasn't immunized yet. I already have most other standard vaccinations which are recommended for backpacking in Asian countries . We will also take one anti-Malaria dose just in case. However, I can't give any individual and personal tips on vaccinations. It's important that you discuss this topic with a specialized doctor, which might be your GP.
Make sure you have a health insurance which is valid also in the country you will travel to.
Cash: Instead of changing money already in Germany, we will simply draw money in Colombo airport upon arrival. Make sure your credit card(s) work overseas.
Additionally, although surely most hostels will have wifi, we might buy a local SIM card once landed.
Accommodation: We have only booked the accommodation for the first night in advance, otherwise we will all book spontaneously (mostly via Booking or Airbnb which we have good experiences with), based on where we decide to go once in Sri Lanka.
Well, I think that's it so far. Did I miss something essential in getting prepared for Sri Lanka? If yes, please let me know in the comments below!


Tablet manufacturers love to talk about how magical their devices are, but HP's Touch to Share truly is something else — you simply bump a paired Pre 3 into an HP TouchPad slate, and the data beams over the air — in this case, loading a website URL a la Chrome to Phone. While it uses the same induction coil technology to connect the twain as HP's Touchstone dock (and Bluetooth to actually pipe those packets through the ether), you don't actually need a Touchstone to make the magic happen this time around, only a pair of compatible devices. Representatives tell us that you do have to pair them beforehand, as well — you wouldn't want an errant Pre 3 owner to swipe your banking session while you're on the go, now would you? Don't miss the video above.
HP's Touch to Share eyes-on, starring the TouchPad and HP Pre 3 (video) originally appeared on Engadget on Wed, 09 Feb 2011 17:22:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
At last, the webOS-empowered TouchPad, HP's answer to the growing tablet market. And make no mistake, it's coming in with guns blazing — specs-wise, the slate stands up pretty well to the competition currently in play (e.g. iPad) and the other up-and-comers not quite out the gate (e.g. Motorola Xoom and BlackBerry PlayBook). Stacked side-by-side, it's clear Apple's entry is lacking a bit in both memory (256MB vs. 1GB for everyone else) and front-facing camera — not that we expect that to be the case for all of 2011. When it all comes down to it, what'll set these slates apart will be the platforms and software themselves — should make for an interesting summer, no? In the meantime, for the nitty-gritty on technical specifications, venture past the break.
How does the HP Veer look up close? Cute as a button, and small — these pictures don't do it justice at all. We just got our hands on the pint-sized webOS 2.2 smartphone, and snapped a stack of pictures for your viewing pleasure. You won't be able to flip these around like playing cards, but they will give you a handle on what to expect from the miniature Pre 2 in the weeks or months to come, so click on through that gallery below. We'll have video in a moment, too!
Update: We went back for seconds and came away stuffed impressed by the power of the tiny machine — its form factor may bring back painful memories of the Kin One, but the Veer feels like a multitasking beast. Before our eyes, an HP rep swiped rapid-fire through enough apps to plan and communicate a Yelp restaurant date in under a minute flat, and there wasn't so much as an instant's delay when switching between each. We're big fans of the form factor, small screen aside, the sliding hinge is solid with a delightful snap, and the cute little keyboard attached to that slider is fairly usable despite its size, with rubbery little keys that reminded us of those on the Palm Centro. What's not to like?
Update 2: Video after the break!
Update 3: While we were unable to determine with certainty what carrier the Veer demo units were using, an IMEI was clearly displayed in the device info screen, leading us to conclude these were GSM phones (likely on AT&T).
HP Veer, first hands-on! (updated with video!) originally appeared on Engadget on Wed, 09 Feb 2011 16:02:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
The Android versions keep on rolling today with the introduction of a new build in the 2.3 Gingerbread line — 2.3.3 this time — that improves developer access to the platforms newfound NFC capabilities as first seen on the Nexus S. What's new, exactly? Well, there's a new NFC read / write API that Google alleges will let you access pretty much any NFC tag on the market today, better control over what happens when a tag comes within range of the device, and "limited support" for peer-to-peer NFC communication — something Stanford cobbled together for the Nexus S not long ago. The new build is available now to developers using the Android SDK; no devices have received an update yet, but we'd imagine the Nexus S is queued up to get it before too long.
Android 2.3.3 announced with more developer-friendly access to NFC originally appeared on Engadget on Wed, 09 Feb 2011 15:58:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
By now, you know how HP's new slate compares to the crowd — now, see how it looks up close and personal. We just got our hands on that dual-core Palm webOS tablet here in San Francisco, and it's a beaut, with a slim black profile that highlights the brilliant 9.7-inch screen. We'll be back in a jiffy with some impressions of that newfangled Tap to Share and card-based multitasking, but for now, simply feast your eyes on our gallery below.
Update: Video time! Check it after the break.
Gallery: HP TouchPad first hands-on!
HP TouchPad first hands-on! (updated with video!) originally appeared on Engadget on Wed, 09 Feb 2011 15:35:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
The HP Pre 3 is here! We just got our hands on one and snapped a whole bunch of pictures — see the gallery below. Stay tuned for our first impressions soon. We're also still working on our shots of the Veer and the TouchPad, but sharp eyes can find both devices in the gallery below — there might even be some iPhone and Nexus S comparison shots, but we don't want to give too much away.
Update: We just had a chance to play around with the Pre 3 at some length… and we have to say it feels good. The body of the device is sleek and solid, and the weight feels substantial in your hand. The screen is a relatively spacious 3.6-inches, and webOS looks absolutely stunning on it. The extra resolution is a big help on readability and clarity. The slider mechanism feels fairly solid, though there's a little give just at the end of it's movement that made us slightly concerned. Compared to previous devices, however, it seems far tighter. We're still messing around with the phone and will report back on what we find, but in terms of hardware quality, HP has taken a big step up here. As for the keyboard, it feels really fantastic. We realize this is very much a matter of personal preference, but we had zero problems typing quickly and accurately on the Pre 3 right from the get go.
Update 2: Hardware hands-on video after the break!
Update 3: More pics, including the Touchstone 2 dock.
Gallery: HP Pre 3 first hands-on!
HP Pre 3 first hands-on! (updated with video) originally appeared on Engadget on Wed, 09 Feb 2011 15:25:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
Palm Pixi Plus vs. HP Veer: what's changed?
If you like 'em cute, small, and (presumably) cheap, HP's announcement today of the Veer should make you pretty happy — on the surface, it looks like a downsized Pre, but really, you can think of it as a proper Pixi / Pixi Plus successor. Let's take a look at what sets these two bad boys apart from one another.
Continue reading Palm Pixi Plus vs. HP Veer: what's changed?
Palm Pixi Plus vs. HP Veer: what's changed? originally appeared on Engadget on Wed, 09 Feb 2011 15:09:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
Spec sheets are one thing, but we know what you really want to see — two tablets going mano-a-mano in the ring. Here they are, your Apple iPad and HP TouchPad slates, sized up side-by-side each with their own sizable black bezel and 9.7-inch screen — and incredibly similar in both size and weight. See how they literally stack up in the gallery below!
Gallery: iPad vs. TouchPad… Fight!
iPad vs. TouchPad… Fight! originally appeared on Engadget on Wed, 09 Feb 2011 15:04:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
Looking for our Motorola Atrix 4G review?
Hey there. Yes, you. If you're looking out for the Motorola Atrix 4G review — don't despair. We just got our hands on the device yesterday (that's us man-handling it up above), and we're currently in the process of putting it through its paces (along with the laptop dock, HD / desktop dock, and all the accessories). We didn't think 24 hours was quite enough of a window to tell you how we really felt about this monumental device, so we're giving ourselves the space and time we think is necessary to properly review the phone and all its features. Don't worry though, we'll have the full, unadulterated Engadget review up in the coming days (probably by the end of the week).
Right now we can say that we're pretty impressed with the device's blazing speed and gorgeous screen, but our experiences with the laptop dock have been hit or miss. It's clearly a mixture that takes some getting used to — but we're excited about the prospect of trimming down our rig and traveling light. The two pieces could make for a powerful combo. Of course, we're going to deliver a lot more detail in the review, so keep your browsers pointed at this page right here, and get ready to find out if, indeed, the Atrix 4G is your next phone.
Looking for our Motorola Atrix 4G review? originally appeared on Engadget on Wed, 09 Feb 2011 15:00:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
HP's decided to end its fireworks-rich presentation on a gorgeous bombshell: webOS is coming to PCs! The company says it's thinking beyond today and intends to take webOS to "other connected devices, including printers, and some form factors you haven't seen before." Aside from the groundbreaking discovery that our next LaserJet might run the same code as the dashing new TouchPad, there are few specifics to be learned, but HP promises to share further details as the year goes on.
webOS is coming to PCs later this year originally appeared on Engadget on Wed, 09 Feb 2011 14:56:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
This entry was posted on February 9, 2011, 5:47 pm and is filed under Mobility. You can follow any responses to this entry through RSS 2.0. Both comments and pings are currently closed.


ARTIST STATEMENT: I work to document experience. To record perception. To celebrate that worth celebrating. To study the interesting. To share the good. To realize forms and colors that resonate within the present.


text:
Local artist provides educational and historical experience at NC Pottery Center
Contact: Susan Greene
Seagrove, NC - Once again the North Carolina Pottery Center is opening its doors and grounds for the education and benefit of the public. On Saturday July 18th, David Garner of Turn & Burn Pottery will be firing the groundhog kiln on the pottery center grounds. The firing of the groundhog kiln takes approximately 15 hours and uses 2 cords of wood. The groundhog kiln will be loaded with over 200 pieces of Webster reproduction pots which will be featured during the North Carolina Pottery Centers' Artists' Reception, Friday August 14th from 5:30 to 7:30 pm. The exhibit will feature Historical Pottery of Fayetteville, NC - Highlighting 19th Century Webster & E. A. Poe Pottery.
David, a well-known potter in the Seagrove community, and his wife Deborah were chosen to be featured in the upcoming exhibition of Webster and E.A. Poe because of their knowledge and expertise of Webster pottery. David and Deborah have been producing Webster reproduction pots since 1985.
The Webster brothers (Edward, Chester and Timothy) produced pottery at Robbins & Co. in Fayetteville, the first commercial Stoneware factory in NC. Their style of pottery was unique among the early examples of NC salt glazed with its charmingly incised etchings; including birds and fish with cobalt decorations -techniques brought from their Connecticut backgrounds in stoneware production at Goodwin & Webster in Hartford. This was the early 1800s when the majority of North Carolina potters were producing lower -fired redware pots. The brothers eventually moved to Randolph County, settling in the Coleridge area, with Edward soon moving on to South Carolina.
David became interested in the Webster School of folk pottery when he learned of the family connection to the Craven family. Chester Webster came to Randolph County and turned for Solomon Craven, the grandson of Peter Craven, and later for his son Bartlett Yancey (B.Y.) Craven. David's grandmother Zedith Teague Garner was the daughter of Brian "Ducky" Dewey Teague and Bessie Lee Craven Teague (granddaughter of J.D. Craven).
David is one of the most humble and unassuming potters of the Seagrove area, but one who constantly and tirelessly promotes the area through education. Last year he was the recipient of two impressive awards. Each October, for the past 20 years, David and family represent themselves and Seagrove at the, "Village of Yesteryear" at the State Fair in Raleigh. Last year he was awarded, by nomination of 100 of his peers, to receive the "Craftsman of the Year" from the Village of Yesteryear. The Board of the North Carolina Art Education Association (NCAEA) chose to recognize and congratulate David last year as one of the "Art Stars", exemplary art educators and advocates in their fields and commemorated his accomplishments during the NCAEA Professional Development Conference. David also serves his community as a member of the Seagrove City Council. He continually volunteers at schools throughout the area while providing prison ministry with his wife, Debora, statewide.
Walking into David's shop to view the many Webster reproduction pieces (runlets, jugs of all sizes, pitchers, jars and more) in various stages of development is a visual treat. David turns and Deborah carves. She uses no tracing; it is all done freehand and replicates the Webster school style with the hinge under the handle and many of the incised motifs, with the cobalt on woodfired salt glazed pots. Deborah's favorite etchings are the birds and fish. Twenty years ago, when Turn & Burn was one of the few shops producing traditional shapes with salt glaze, a Webster collector walked in and suggested they try their hand at doing some reproductions. Some twenty years later they are still at it in addition to the many other styles they produce. There is just something really special about carrying on a technique that had such a significant historical impact on pottery making in the Seagrove community.
Please come out to the NCPC on Saturday, July 18th all day to meet the artists and see how the process was done over 200 years ago and continues today. Then come back Friday, August 14th from 5:30 to 7:30 for the Artist's reception where the historical Webster and E.A. Poe pots will be on display and the pots that were fired on the 18th will be available for purchase. Both events are free and open to the public.
Opened in 1998 in Seagrove, the NCPC mission is to promote public awareness of North Carolina's remarkable pottery heritage. The Center welcomes and informs visitors to the Seagrove area, enriching their experience through exhibitions and educational programs, while promoting potters working across the state. The NCPC is a private nonprofit entity, funded primarily through memberships, grants, admissions, and appropriations.
OPEN: Tuesdays - Saturdays 10:00 am to 4:00, ADMISSION (excluding free special events): $2 - adults, $1 - students 9th through 12th grades, Free - children through 8th grade, free - NCPC members. Handicap accessible. Groups and tours welcomed. For further information and details call 336- 873-8430, email: [email protected] or visit www.NCPotteryCenter.com.


text:
Q: Rspec testing in ruby mine always returns false I have a class User as follows
class User < ActiveRecord::Base

  has_one :session
  has_and_belongs_to_many :posts
  has_and_belongs_to_many :replies

  attr_accessor :clear_text_password;

  validates_presence_of :username
  validates_uniqueness_of :username
  validates :clear_text_password, :presence => true, :length => {:minimum => 6}
  validates_confirmation_of :clear_text_password

  validates_presence_of :e_mail
  validates_uniqueness_of :e_mail

  def User.authenticate(name, password)
    if user = find_by_username(name)
      if user.password == encrypt_password(password)
        user

      end
    end
  end

end

Now, my rspec test file is as below
require 'spec_helper'
require 'rspec'
require 'rspec-rails'
require 'user'

describe User do
  describe "my first test" do
    it "should redirect if user is authenticated" do
      user = User.authenticate('abcd','abcdef')
      c=false
      if user
        c=true
      end
      c.should == true

    end
  end
end

The database table users has the username and password "abcd" and "abcdef" . but the test always fails. the method call always returns false. Please help!!


Not only in your country of birth but globally, because the proof is also required in the paper.
Even when we close our eyes and shut down for the day, our mind is working to help us sleep and even then, in our dreams we get visions and vivid ideas.
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When beginning on your doctoral thesis the process could be very stressful and seem rather long and difficult for most. Is there any possible relation between intellectual property laws in UK and the Europe?
The owner grants permission to use that IP, usually for a specific period and objective. Each innovation may be at a different development stage, and with your help, UNHI identifies existing opportunities in the marketplace where your innovation might be a good fit.
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She is convinced that the human mind is in itself a source of wealth and survival, and that all the property it created, is intellectual property. It sours friendships and breaks up business.
Technically speaking it is a formula, practice, process, design, instrument, pattern, commercial method, or compilation of information not well known. Transforming the Work of Geographical Indications to Decolonize Racialized Labor and Support Agroecology Critical scholarship on geographical indications GIs has increasingly focused upon their role in fostering development in the Global South.
Great essays keith folse pdf converter Great essays keith folse pdf converter.the list of suggested paper topics; the table of contents of your course text books; news sources; Daily news of the most important intellectual property cases, regulatory developments, and trends.
Research Handbook on Intellectual Property Law and the WTO by C. M. Correa (Editor) Call Number: KR Intellectual property (IP) has been described as a category of property that includes intangible creations of the human intellect and primarily encompasses copyrights, patents, and trademarks.
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Split session on the cards for Garscube run tonight...whatever that is. I soon found out it's a tempo run with sprints/hills at the end. Excellent. I love a session that's mixed-up. Makes it much more interesting. We started out - with Coach Lesley cracking the whip at the back of the pack - out Maryhill, Canniesburn then picked up the pace to Bearsden Cross. Over something-or-other street on to Roman, upped the pace down Milngavie Road...sorry, even I'm falling asleep...back to Garscube Estate. The idea was to find a sheltered area to do some 50m sprints, but it wasn't going to happen. We ran the fastest 10 x 50m reps with the shortest recoveries that even we were capable of, before scuttling back to our cars.


text:
Q: Prevent Controls in ControlTemplate inheriting global Styles (WPF) I have this generic style for a custom control with this Template.
<Style TargetType="{x:Type local:MyType}">
        <Setter Property="Template">
            <Setter.Value>
                <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type local:MyType}">
                    <Border Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}">
                        <local:MyControl />
                    </Border>
                    ...

if this control is used in a project where is this style globaly set:
<Style  TargetType="{x:Type Border}">
    <Setter Property="Padding" Value="3" />
    <Setter Property="VerticalAlignment" Value="Top" />
</Style>

But MyControl is an ordinary UserControl containing:
...
<Border .. />

Then the Border in the UserControl (residing in the Template) inherits this style as well (Padding 3 etc.)
Is there any way to say the controls in the ControlTemplate not to inhertit these global styles?
Just to mention. It is a Generic Template

A: Not sure if I understood you correctly.
Did some work around as I had similar situation where all my control's styles specified globally and inherited automatically without x:key.
I had to remove styles for some controls and apply different style for some controls.
In that situation I have created separate style (Below e.g. wants remove styles) so just created Empty style and used where ever and to which ever control it was required.
Empty Style:
<Grid.Resources>
    <ResourceDictionary>
        <Style x:Key="EmptyStyle"/>
    </ResourceDictionary>
</Grid.Resources>

Apply to Control:
<TextBlock Text="First Name" Style="{StaticResource EmptyStyle}" />

A: You can put your Style in a resource dictionary with a x:Key, I've always do this and my style is applied only if I specify the key on my control.


"Rowdy" is a big, full made, gentle, easy going gelding that is extra broke to ride! He is by NRHA One Million Dollar sire Rowdy Yankee who has life time earnings exceeding $84k!! Rowdy has had reining training as a youngster which gave him all of the fancy buttons. He will spin, slide, smooth transitions, great with his leads, bends at the poll, and is soft in face and body. Rowdy has been started roping in the arena and has been trail rode many miles. He is the point and go type of guy and doesn't throw a fuss. Is willing to do what is asked of him and saddles up and rides off the same no matter how long he sits idle. Rowdy is safe and gentle enough to suite most all levels of riders, he is well rounded and easy to maneuver. He crosses all of the trail course obstacles, good with tarps, ropes, wooden bridges, logs etc. Rowdy is strong from the horn and can pull anything you latch onto. If you are looking for a safe, pretty, high bred gelding that is perfectly content easing down the trail on a luxury ride but can also go to the arena for a fun playday he is your guy! Sound, current on deworming, shoes, and coggins. For more info go to www.schmitthorseranch.com or call 608-434-4789.


text:
Travel Industry, Beware
REUTERS/Louis Nastro
Bob Ross President, Association of Professional Flight Attendants
June 07, 2017 11:58 AM ET
This week, thousands of travel professionals will flock to D.C. for the U.S. Travel Association's International trade show, where they will connect with other countries to bring travelers from around the world to cities around the country. Our 26,000 flight attendants would welcome the opportunity to bring them to your hometown. But what happens when the host, U.S. Travel, is being paid to actively undermine American aviation, the bedrock of our nation's travel tourism industry?
At the behest of foreign funders, U.S. Travel is leading an attack on U.S. airlines and workers. Since 2004, the United Arab Emirates and Qatar have pumped over $50 billion in subsidies to their state-owned carriers, Emirates, Etihad Airways and Qatar Airways, in violation of their aviation trade deals with the United States, known as Open Skies agreements. These illegal subsidies have enabled the Gulf carriers to aggressively expand to new markets and offer artificially subsidized low fares, making it impossible for rule-abiding U.S. airlines to compete.
Despite the threat this trade cheating poses to our country, U.S. Travel is actually speaking out against enforcing Open Skies agreements. Their reasons are clear when looking at their financial backers – no major U.S. airline is a member, while Emirates and Etihad have been part of the organization's "Chairman's Circle." Given their position, they are acting more like "UAE Travel" than "U.S. Travel."
Most concerning is that cities around the country rely on tourism to support their local economies, but U.S. Travel has taken a position that could cut off access to communities nationwide by eroding the hub-and-spoke aviation system. Airlines rely on shorter flights to their hub cities to feed passengers into more profitable international routes. But if subsidy-fueled Gulf carrier expansion drives fair-playing businesses off these international routes, U.S. carriers will lose passengers that feed their networks. This ultimately harms the ability to serve small and mid-sized communities. We need to do everything we can to support continued service to our smaller cities, not make service more difficult.
Additionally, the actions of the Gulf carriers, backed by U.S. Travel, jeopardize over 1.2 million American jobs that rely on a strong domestic aviation market. These jobs are not just those of our flight attendants but also the employees of the 1,000 U.S. based travel groups gathered in Washington for this week's convention, as well as the broader U.S. tourism industry.
The aviation industry has thrived through competition, and we welcome it. A level playing field is all we are asking for. But we are facing competitors who have skewed the playing field with illegal foreign government subsidies. And we are facing competitors who are throwing cash at American trade groups in order to set their agenda and undermine the long-term health of the industry. If we do not restore fair competition in the skies now, U.S. airlines could be forced to cut service that connects international visitors to American landmarks from Portland, Maine, to Jackson, Wyoming.
We will continue to push for fair competition among all airlines and ask the Trump administration to enforce our existing agreements, stand up for American workers and support U.S. aviation. To keep America's tourism industry competitive, we need a strong U.S. aviation network that connects us all. Let's fight for American jobs.
Bob Ross is a 34-year flight attendant and the National President of the Association of Professional Flight Attendants, representing 26,000 flight attendants at American Airlines. Ross is married to a former 28-year flight attendant (retired) and is the father of two children. He is also a licensed commercial pilot and a U.S. Air Force Veteran who worked as an aircraft mechanic.
Tags : airline industry donald trump open skies trade


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Located in tranquil wooded grounds just outside the resort of Névez near the historic region of Cornouaille, Raguénès-Plage luxury camping site prides itself on the warmth of its welcome and Breton hospitality.
With 3 outdoor pools, a circular indoor pool, a twisting 3-lane water slide and a relaxing sauna, there is something for everyone in the pool complex. Thatched parasols on the terrace add to the beachside ambiance. The toddler's pool has gently sloping sides and small water slides for safe fun and games. An indoor fitness area, 2 playground areas and trampoline ensure the whole family stay active. In high season guests have a choice of table tennis, football, basketball, volleyball and boules.
The campsite's qualified entertainment staff organise animation programmes for all the family during the summer season. Based on the wishes of the guests, activities for adults include water polo, archery and aqua fitness, whilst for youngsters the camp has its own kid's club.
Christened Tahiti by locals, Raguenez beach is just a short stroll down a private footpath. This wonderful Blue Flag beach is an idyllic spot for the whole family. Children can gather shellfish or splash in the shallows, whilst for swimmers it's paradise. To the west, other beaches are easily reached on foot. Long sandy beaches alternate with sheltered coves, wild bays and tiny harbours. The picturesque fishing village of Port Manec'h has lovely beaches and sits at the mouth of the Aven River. A popular seaside resort during the Belle Epoque, beautiful residences sit alongside fisherman's cottages in the charming streets.
For hiking there are 50km of marked and unmarked routes along lanes, fields, clifftops and seashore. The path along the coast from Raguenes to Pont-Aven is part of the GR 34 route. Kerascoët is a delightful village next to Névez with fantastic markets for shopping. For an action-packed day out visit Odet Loisirs Amusement Park and ride the zip wire over the lake! Walk the ramparts of Concarnau's old town for spectacular views, or witness La Criée, the early morning fish auction for a fascinating experience.
The restaurant serves local dishes and seafood. There is also a takeaway and bar.
A-well stocked grocery caters to all your luxury camping needs.


text:
Attonda adspersa is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Rudolf Felder and Alois Friedrich Rogenhofer in 1874. It is known from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Madagascar, India, Sulawesi, Singapore, Borneo, Sumatra, Java, Bali, New Guinea and the Solomons.

The wingspan of this species is around 29 mm to 32 mm.

Habitats
This species occurs mainly in lowland forests, and rarely in lower mountain forests up to 1000 m.

References

External links
 With images of genitalia.
Altervista.org Illustration from original description

Calpinae
Moths of Asia
Moths described in 1874


Here we take a look at the grooming of Azim Premji's elder son, Rishad.
All the key sectors have turned in stellar performance. That's good news for investors.
It is a misconception that good food takes a long time to cook. here, we present a few recipes from master chefs— Sanjeev Kapoor, Ritu Dalmia and Siddharth—that you can impress your guests with, without spending hours in the kitchen. Bon appétit!
As elsewhere in the world, Airbus and Boeing remain the two big aircraft vendors in India, but a few smaller players are also angling for a share of the market.
In the past four years, Wipro has been snapping up biscuit, soap, beverage, personal products and even lighting companies and brands to grow its consumer businesses.
Wipro, the Bangalore-headquartered soaps-to-software company, has laid out elaborate plans to globalise its businesses and become yet another Indian MNC.
The government is going all out to woo investments in the manufacturing business. Firstly it was the petroleum sector, and now it is the manufacturing sector.
The Ranbaxy MD and CEO has made six global acquisitions last year and has already become a major thorn in the flesh of European and US drug companies.
Here's a look at the performance of a few selected stocks.
India's first mobile court begins with high expectations and, surprisingly, meets them as well.
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Starring Yahoo India's former MD George Zacharias; R Balakrishnan, National Creative Head of Lowe India; Standard Chartered Bank's Regional CEO for South Asia Jaspal Bindra; and many others.
In this issue we profile Kundapur Vaman Kamath, MD and CEO, ICICI Bank.
Companies express optimism about prospects of the economies of their home countries, despite fears of rising inflation.
A house in London, Sydney, Florida, anyone?
Real estate and transparency seldom go hand in hand, but here's one entrepreneur who plans to bring a semblance of clarity into what's perceived to be a very murky business.
Telecom operators are hiving off their infrastructure into separate companies, which are commanding heady valuations. Why are they worth so much?
Running amusement parks is no child's play. It takes smarts, hard work and a bit of luck, as investors across India are discovering.
The animation sector needs skilled professionals.


text:
package br.copacabana.xmpp;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

import br.com.copacabana.cb.entities.Central;
import br.com.copacabana.cb.entities.MealOrder;
import br.com.copacabana.cb.entities.Restaurant;
import br.com.copacabana.cb.entities.UserBean;
import br.com.copacabana.cb.entities.XMPPUser;
import br.com.copacabana.cb.entities.mgr.AbstractJPAManager;
import br.com.copacabana.cb.entities.mgr.CentralManager;
import br.copacabana.util.TimeController;

import com.google.appengine.api.xmpp.JID;
import com.google.appengine.api.xmpp.Message;
import com.google.appengine.api.xmpp.MessageBuilder;
import com.google.appengine.api.xmpp.SendResponse;
import com.google.appengine.api.xmpp.XMPPService;
import com.google.appengine.api.xmpp.XMPPServiceFactory;
import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
import com.google.gson.JsonPrimitive;

public class XmppController extends AbstractJPAManager<XMPPUser> {
	protected static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger("copacabana.Commands");

	private static final int NO_REQUESTS = 1;
	private static final int NEW_REQUEST = 0;

	private static final int CANCELLED_REQUESTS = 5;

	private static final int PING = 99;

	private static final int PONG = 98;
	private static final boolean USE_GMAIL = false;

	public static boolean sendMessage(String to, String msgStr) {

		String msgBody = msgStr;
		if (USE_GMAIL) {
			JsonObject json = new JsonObject();
			json.add("toToken", new JsonPrimitive(to));
			json.add("payload", new JsonPrimitive(msgStr));
			log.fine("sending msg to " + to);
			to = "rafael.coutinho@gmail.com";
			msgBody = json.toString();
		}
		JID jid = new JID(to);

		Message msg = new MessageBuilder().withRecipientJids(jid).withBody(msgBody).build();

		boolean messageSent = false;
		XMPPService xmpp = XMPPServiceFactory.getXMPPService();
		SendResponse status = null;
		// if (xmpp.getPresence(jid).isAvailable()) {
		status = xmpp.sendMessage(msg);
		messageSent = (status.getStatusMap().get(jid) == SendResponse.Status.SUCCESS);

		// }

		if (!messageSent) {
			// Send an email message instead...
			System.err.println("Failed to send");
			log.severe("failed to send");
			return false;
		} else {
			return true;
		}

	}

	public static List<XMPPUser> getAllXMPP4UserBean(UserBean ub) {
		Map<String, Object> m = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		m.put("userBeanId", ub.getId());
		List<XMPPUser> byUserId = new XmppController().list("getXmppUserByUserBeanId", m);
		return byUserId;
	}

	public static boolean notifyRestaurant(Restaurant rest, JsonObject msg) {
		boolean notified = false;
		Set<XMPPUser> byUserId = new HashSet<XMPPUser>();
		List<XMPPUser> forrest = getAllXMPP4UserBean(rest.getUser());
		byUserId.addAll(forrest);
		CentralManager cm = new CentralManager();
		if (cm.isRestaurantManagedByCentral(rest.getId())) {
			byUserId.addAll(getAllXMPP4UserBean(cm.getRestaurantCentral().getUser()));
		}
		log.log(Level.FINE, "Number of users for this restaurant are {0}, user id : {1}", new String[] { byUserId.size() + "", "" + rest.getUser().getId().getId() });

		for (Iterator iterator = byUserId.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();) {
			XMPPUser xmppUser = (XMPPUser) iterator.next();
			if (sendMessage(xmppUser.getUserId(), msg.toString())) {
				log.fine("Msg Sent!");
				notified = true;
			} else {
				log.severe("Failed to send msg");
			}
		}
		return notified;
	}
	public static boolean notifyCentral(Central central, JsonObject msg) {
		boolean notified = false;

		List<XMPPUser> forrest =getAllXMPP4UserBean(central.getUser());

		log.log(Level.FINE, "Number of users for this cenral are {0}, user id : {1}", new String[] { forrest.size() + "", "" + central.getUser().getId().getId() });

		for (Iterator iterator = forrest.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();) {
			XMPPUser xmppUser = (XMPPUser) iterator.next();
			if (sendMessage(xmppUser.getUserId(), msg.toString())) {
				log.fine("Msg Sent!");
				notified = true;
			} else {
				log.severe("Failed to send msg");
			}
		}
		return notified;
	}

	public static JsonObject getCancelledOrdersNotificationMsg(MealOrder mo) {
		JsonObject json = new JsonObject();
		json.add("type", new JsonPrimitive(CANCELLED_REQUESTS));
		return json;
	}

	public static JsonObject getNoMoreRequestsMsg() {
		JsonObject json = new JsonObject();
		json.add("type", new JsonPrimitive(NO_REQUESTS));
		return json;
	}

	public static JsonObject getPingMsg() {
		JsonObject json = new JsonObject();
		json.add("type", new JsonPrimitive(PING));
		return json;
	}

	public static JsonObject getPongMsg() {
		JsonObject json = new JsonObject();
		json.add("type", new JsonPrimitive(PONG));
		JsonObject data = new JsonObject();
		SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("dd-MM-yyyy kk:mm:ss");
		sdf.setTimeZone(TimeController.getDefaultTimeZone());
		String date = sdf.format(new Date());
		data.add("timestamp", new JsonPrimitive(date));
		json.add("data", data);
		return json;
	}

	private static SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("kk:mm:ss dd/MM/yyyy");

	public static JsonObject getNewRequestsMsg(MealOrder mo) {
		JsonObject json = new JsonObject();
		json.add("type", new JsonPrimitive(NEW_REQUEST));
		JsonObject data = new JsonObject();
		try {
			sdf.setTimeZone(TimeController.getDefaultTimeZone());
			data.add("client", new JsonPrimitive(mo.getClientName()));
			data.add("orderedTime", new JsonPrimitive(sdf.format(mo.getOrderedTime())));
			data.add("notificationSent", new JsonPrimitive(sdf.format(new Date())));

		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO: handle exception
		}
		data.add("id", new JsonPrimitive(mo.getClient().getId().getId() + "." + mo.getId().getId()));
		json.add("data", data);
		return json;
	}

	@Override
	public String getDefaultQueryName() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return "getXmpp";
	}

	@Override
	protected Class getEntityClass() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return XMPPUser.class;
	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
A Kínai Népköztársaság először az 1952-es nyári olimpiai játékokon vett részt. Kínai Köztársaság néven már ezt megelőzően is szerepelt nemzet az olimpiákon, de ez 1952-ben már csupán a szárazföldi Kínából kiszoruló, és a Tajvanon megalakuló Kuomintang párt vezette államot jelentette. Ezt követően, mivel nem volt tisztázott a NOB előtt a Kínai Népköztársaság státusza és legitimitása, egészen 1980-ig távol maradt a játékoktól. 1952 és 1976 között a kontinentális Kína sportolói vagy Tajvan (Kínai Köztársaság) vagy pedig Hongkong színeiben indultak. A NOB 1979-ben egy megoldást javasolt, amely szerint külön csapatot indíthat Tajvanon a Kínai Köztársaság és a kontinensen a Kínai Népköztársaság, és az ajánlatot mindkét állam elfogadta.

Hongkongnak saját olimpiai bizottsága van 1950-től kezdődően, és annak ellenére hogy 1997-ben Kína visszakapta ezt a miniállamot a britektől, Hongkong továbbra is külön vehet részt a játékokon.

Kína eddig 526 érmet nyert, legeredményesebb sportágaik a műugrás, a torna, a súlyemelés, az asztalitenisz és a sportlövészet. 2008-ban Kína fővárosa, Peking adott otthont a nyári játékoknak, ahol a kínai sportolók az éremtáblázat első helyén végeztek, először az olimpiák történetében.

A Kínai Olimpiai Bizottság 1910-ben alakult meg, a NOB 1979-ben vette fel tagjai közé, a bizottság jelenlegi elnöke Liu Peng.

Éremtáblázatok

Érmek a nyári olimpiai játékokon

Érmek a téli olimpiai játékokon

Érmek sportáganként

Érmek a nyári olimpiai játékokon sportáganként

Érmek a téli olimpiai játékokon sportáganként

Források

Nemzetek az olimpiai játékokon


imagecreatetruecolor() returns an image identifier representing a black image of size x_size by y_size.
Example 1. Creating a new GD image stream and outputting an image.
Note: This function requires GD 2.0.1 or later.
Note: This function will not work with GIF file formats.
See also imagedestroy() and imagecreate().