text:
High-Level Explanation and the Interventionist's 'Variables Problem'
L. R. Franklin-Hall
British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 67 (2):553-577 (2016)
The Problem of Granularity for Scientific Explanation.David Kinney - 2019 - Dissertation, London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)details
This dissertation aims to determine the optimal level of granularity for the variables used in probabilistic causal models. These causal models are useful for generating explanations in a number of scientific contexts. In Chapter 1, I argue that there is rarely a unique level of granularity at which a given phenomenon can be causally explained, thereby rejecting various causal exclusion arguments. In Chapter 2, I consider several recent proposals for measuring the explanatory power of causal explanations, and show that these (...) measures fail to track the comparative depth of explanations given at different levels of granularity. In Chapter 3, I offer a pragmatic account of how to partition the measure space of a causal variable so as to optimally explain its effect. My account uses the decision-theoretic notion of value of information, and indexes the relative depth of an explanation to a particular agent faced with a particular decision problem. Chapter 4 applies this same decisiontheoretic framework to answer the epistemic question of how to discover constitutive relationships in nature. In Chapter 5, I describe the formal details of the relationship between random variables that are meant to be coarse-grained and fine-grained representations of the same type of phenomenon. I use this formal framework to rebut a popular argument for the view that special science probabilities can be objective chances. Chapter 6 discusses challenges related to the causal interpretation of Bayes nets that use imprecise rather than precise probabilities. (shrink)
Explanatory Abstraction and the Goldilocks Problem: Interventionism Gets Things Just Right.Thomas Blanchard - 2020 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 71 (2):633-663.details
Theories of explanation need to account for a puzzling feature of our explanatory practices: the fact that we prefer explanations that are relatively abstract but only moderately so. Contra Franklin-Hall ([2016]), I argue that the interventionist account of explanation provides a natural and elegant explanation of this fact. By striking the right balance between specificity and generality, moderately abstract explanations optimally subserve what interventionists regard as the goal of explanation, namely identifying possible interventions that would have changed the explanandum.
"More of a Cause': Recent Work on Degrees of Causation and Responsibility.Alex Kaiserman - 2018 - Philosophy Compass 13 (7):e12498.details
It is often natural to compare two events by describing one as 'more of a cause' of some effect than the other. But what do such comparisons amount to, exactly? This paper aims to provide a guided tour of the recent literature on 'degrees of causation'. Section 2 looks at what I call 'dependence measures', which arise from thinking of causes as difference-makers. Section 3 looks at what I call 'production measures', which arise from thinking of causes as jointly sufficient (...) for their effects. Finally, section 4 examines the important question of whether there is any sense in which an agent is more responsible for an outcome in virtue of her action being more of a cause of it. I describe a puzzle that emerges from this question, and explore various strategies for resolving it. (shrink)
The Non‐Occurrence Of Events.Neil McDonnell - 2017 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research (2):269-285.details
What is it for an event not to occur? This is an urgent, yet under explored, question for counterfactual analyses of causation quite generally. In this paper I take a lead from Lewis in identifying two different possible standards of non-occurrence that we might adopt and I argue that we need to apply them asymmetrically: one standard for the cause, another for the effect. This is a surprising result. I then offer a contextualist refinement of the Lewis approach in light (...) of initial problems, and discuss how the asymmetry remained hidden until now. I then relate the non-occurrence problem to issues of transitivity and proportionality in causation, before showing that a parallel problem exists for contrastivist and interventionist approaches to causation too. (shrink)
Should Explanations Omit the Details?Darren Bradley - 2020 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 71 (3):827-853.details
There is a widely shared belief that the higher-level sciences can provide better explanations than lower-level sciences. But there is little agreement about exactly why this is so. It is often suggested that higher-level explanations are better because they omit details. I will argue instead that the preference for higher-level explanations is just a special case of our general preference for informative, logically strong, beliefs. I argue that our preference for informative beliefs entirely accounts for why higher-level explanations are sometimes (...) better—and sometimes worse—than lower-level explanations. The result is a step in the direction of the unity of science hypothesis. 1Introduction2Background: Is Omitting Details an Explanatory Virtue? 2.1Anti-reductionist arguments2.2Reductionist argument2.3Logical strength3Bases, Links and Logical Strength4Functionalism and Fodor's Argument5Two Generalizations6Should the Base Really Be Maximally Strong?7Anti-reductionist Arguments Regarding the Base8Should the Antecedent of the Link Really Be Maximally Weak? (shrink)
Intervening Into Mechanisms: Prospects and Challenges.Lena Kästner & Lise Marie Andersen - 2018 - Philosophy Compass 13 (11):e12546.details
In contemporary philosophy of science, the consensus view seems to be that scientific explanations describe mechanisms responsible for the phenomena to be explained. Two kinds of explanatory relevance figure in mechanistic accounts of explanation: causal and constitutive. Following prominent accounts, it seems natural to analyze both these relations in terms of systematic interventions into some factor X with respect to another factor Y. However, such interventions are tailored to uncover causal relations only. Construing the constitutive relationship between parts and wholes (...) in terms of interventions thus raises metaphysical, conceptual, and epistemological questions. We here review the barriers that intervention-based inquiry into mechanisms encounters and consider some solutions. (shrink)
The Causal Economy Approach to Scientific Explanation.Laura Franklin-Hall - forthcoming - Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science.details
This paper sketches a causal account of scientific explanation designed to sustain the judgment that high-level, detail-sparse explanations—particularly those offered in biology—can be at least as explanatorily valuable as lower-level counterparts. The motivating idea is that complete explanations maximize causal economy: they cite those aspects of an event's causal run-up that offer the biggest-bang-for-your-buck, by costing less (in virtue of being abstract) and delivering more (in virtue making the event stable or robust).
Experiment, Downward Causation, and Interventionist Levels of Explanation.Veli-Pekka Parkkinen - 2016 - International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 30 (3):245-261.details
This article considers interventionist arguments for downward causation and non-fundamental level causal explanation from the point of view of inferring causation from experiments. Several authors have utilised the interventionist theory of causal explanation to argue that the causal exclusion argument is moot and that higher-level as well as downward causation is real. I show that this argument can be made when levels are understood as levels of grain, leaving us with a choice between causal explanations pitched at different levels. Causal (...) proportionality has been suggested as a principle for choosing the correct level of description for causal explanations, but this suggestion has serious problems. I offer an alternative principle, based on the idea that explanations should track actual difference-makers. I then consider claims about systems causally influencing their own parts. Such claims risk conceptual confusion for the same reason as the exclusion argument, by conflating causal and constitutive dependencies. The distinction between causation and constitution is used to give criteria for the correct use of the idea of downward causation. (shrink)
Mapping Higher-Level Causal Efficacy.Horia Tarnovanu - 2021 - Synthese 199 (3-4):8533-8554.details
A central argument for non-reductive accounts of group agency is that complex social entities are capable of exerting causal influence independently of and superseding the causal efficacy of the individuals constituting them. A prominent counter is that non-reductionists run into an insuperable dilemma between identity and redundancy – with identity undermining independent higher-level efficacy and redundancy leading to overdetermination or exclusion. This paper argues that critics of non-reductionism can manage with a simpler and more persuasive reductio strategy called mapping: allow (...) that group agents are causally efficacious in their own right and chart how their causal efficacy is carried out; how it relates to the causal efficacy of individual determiners; how it connects to the causal relevance of background structural factors. The focus exclusively on whether groups are or are not causally efficacious black-boxes implementation, while close attention to how causation is wired increases the visibility of individualist arguments and countenances structure-oriented explanations. (shrink)
List and Menzies on High‐Level Causation.Jens Jäger - 2021 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 102 (4):570-591.details
I raise two objections against Christian List and Peter Menzies' influential account of high-level causation. Improving upon some of Stephen Yablo's earlier work, I develop an alternative theory which evades both objections. The discussion calls into question List and Menzies' main contention, namely, that the exclusion principle, applied to difference-making, is false.
Explanatory Autonomy: The Role of Proportionality, Stability, and Conditional Irrelevance.James Woodward - 2018 - Synthese 198 (1):1-29.details
This paper responds to recent criticisms of the idea that true causal claims, satisfying a minimal "interventionist" criterion for causation, can differ in the extent to which they satisfy other conditions—called stability and proportionality—that are relevant to their use in explanatory theorizing. It reformulates the notion of proportionality so as to avoid problems with previous formulations. It also introduces the notion of conditional independence or irrelevance, which I claim is central to understanding the respects and the extent to which upper (...) level explanations can be "autonomous". (shrink)
Does the extended evolutionary synthesis entail extended explanatory power?Jan Baedke, Alejandro Fábregas-Tejeda & Francisco Vergara-Silva - 2020 - Biology and Philosophy 35 (1):1-22.details
Biologists and philosophers of science have recently called for an extension of evolutionary theory. This so-called 'extended evolutionary synthesis' seeks to integrate developmental processes, extra-genetic forms of inheritance, and niche construction into evolutionary theory in a central way. While there is often agreement in evolutionary biology over the existence of these phenomena, their explanatory relevance is questioned. Advocates of EES posit that their perspective offers better explanations than those provided by 'standard evolutionary theory'. Still, why this would be the case (...) is unclear. Usually, such claims assume that EES's superior explanatory status arises from the pluralist structure of EES, its different problem agenda, and a growing body of evidence for the evolutionary relevance of developmental phenomena. However, what is usually neglected in this debate is a discussion of what the explanatory standards of EES actually are, and how they differ from prevailing standards in SET. In other words, what is considered to be a good explanation in EES versus SET? To answer this question, we present a theoretical framework that evaluates the explanatory power of different evolutionary explanations of the same phenomena. This account is able to identify criteria for why and when evolutionary explanations of EES are better than those of SET. Such evaluations will enable evolutionary biology to find potential grounds for theoretical integration. (shrink)
Difference-making and deterministic chance.Harjit Bhogal - 2020 - Philosophical Studies 178 (7):2215-2235.details
Why do we value higher-level scientific explanations if, ultimately, the world is physical? An attractive answer is that physical explanations often cite facts that don't make a difference to the event in question. I claim that to properly develop this view we need to commit to a type of deterministic chance. And in doing so, we see the theoretical utility of deterministic chance, giving us reason to accept a package of views including deterministic chance.
The Problem of Disjunctive Explanations.Brad Weslake - manuscriptdetails
I present a problem for theories of explanation, concerning explanations involving disjunctive properties. The problem is particular acute for the explanatory non-fundamentalist, according to whom non-fundamental scientific explanations are sometimes superior to fundamental physical explanations. I criticise solutions to the problem due to Woodward, Strevens and Sober, and Lewis, and then defend a solution inspired by an account of non-fundamental laws recently defended by Callender and Cohen.
The Explanation Game: A Formal Framework for Interpretable Machine Learning.David S. Watson & Luciano Floridi - 2021 - Synthese 198 (10):9211-9242.details
We propose a formal framework for interpretable machine learning. Combining elements from statistical learning, causal interventionism, and decision theory, we design an idealised explanation game in which players collaborate to find the best explanation for a given algorithmic prediction. Through an iterative procedure of questions and answers, the players establish a three-dimensional Pareto frontier that describes the optimal trade-offs between explanatory accuracy, simplicity, and relevance. Multiple rounds are played at different levels of abstraction, allowing the players to explore overlapping causal (...) patterns of variable granularity and scope. We characterise the conditions under which such a game is almost surely guaranteed to converge on a optimal explanation surface in polynomial time, and highlight obstacles that will tend to prevent the players from advancing beyond certain explanatory thresholds. The game serves a descriptive and a normative function, establishing a conceptual space in which to analyse and compare existing proposals, as well as design new and improved solutions. (shrink)
The Explanation Game: A Formal Framework for Interpretable Machine Learning.David S. Watson & Luciano Floridi - 2020 - Synthese 198 (10):1–32.details
Strong Proportionality and Causal Claims.Jennifer McDonald - unknowndetails
There are several supposedly lethal objections to the view that causation is essentially proportional. The first targets an account of proportionality in terms of causal models, pointing out that proportionality is too easily satisfied in causal model accounts of causation through manipulation of the range of values that a variable can take (Franklin-Hall, 2016). The second argues that proportionality legitimizes only the most general things as causes, and proportionality thereby contravenes causal intuitions (Bontly, 2005; Franklin-Hall, 2016; McDonnell, 2018, 2017; Weslake, (...) 2013). The final, and perhaps most intractable, objection holds that proportionality counter-intuitively legitimizes disjunctive causes (Shapiro and Sober, 2012; Weslake, 2017; Woodward, 2018). This paper provides a unified response to these objections, which is best formulated in a causal model framework. I first articulate two independently plausible principles of variable selection – exclusivity and exhaustivity. I then show how the adoption of these principles responds to Franklin-Hall's objection, and dissolves the remaining two. (shrink)
What Killed Your Plant? Profligate Omissions and Weak Centering.Johannes Himmelreich - forthcoming - Erkenntnis:1-21.details
This paper is on the problem of profligate omissions. The problem is that counterfactual definitions of causation identify as a cause anything that could have prevented an effect but that did not actually occur, which is a highly counterintuitive result. Many solutions of this problem appeal to normative, epistemic, pragmatic, or metaphysical considerations. These existing solutions are in some sense substantive. In contrast, this paper concentrates on the semantics of counterfactuals. I propose to replace Strong Centering with Weak Centering. This (...) allows that the actual world is not the only world that is closest to the actual world. As a result, some counterfactuals that would otherwise have been true, turn out to be false. When these counterfactuals concern causation, fewer causal claims are true. In addition to describing steps towards solving the problem of profligate omissions, the proposal captures an abstraction that is shared by many of the existing solutions: depending on how the distance ordering underlying the Weak Centering condition is constructed and interpreted, some of these existing solutions can be recovered. (shrink)
Why Incompatibilism About Mental Causation is Incompatible with Non-Reductive Physicalism.Jonas Christensen & Umut Baysan - forthcoming - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy:1-23.details
The exclusion problem is meant to show that non-reductive physicalism leads to epiphenomenalism: if mental properties are not identical with physical properties, then they are not causally efficacious. Defenders of a difference-making account of causation suggest that the exclusion problem can be solved because mental properties can be difference-making causes of physical effects. Here, we focus on what we dub an incompatibilist implementation of this general strategy and argue against it from a non-reductive physicalist perspective. Specifically, we argue that incompatibilism (...) undermines either the non-reductionist or the physicalist aspirations of non-reductive physicalism. (shrink)
Brigitte Falkenburg and Gregor Schiemann (Eds.): Mechanistic Explanations in Physics and Beyond.Veli-Pekka Parkkinen - 2020 - Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 51 (4):631-635.details
Interventionism and Mental Surgery.Alex Kaiserman - 2020 - Erkenntnis 85 (4):919-935.details
John Campbell has claimed that the interventionist account of causation must be amended if it is to be applied to causation in psychology. The problem, he argues, is that it follows from the so-called 'surgical' constraint that intervening on psychological states requires the suspension of the agent's rational autonomy. In this paper, I argue that the problem Campbell identifies is in fact an instance of a wider problem for interventionism, extending beyond psychology, which I call the problem of 'abrupt transitions'. (...) I then defend a solution to the problem, which replaces the surgical constraint with a weaker constraint on interventions that nevertheless does all the work the surgical constraint was designed to do. I conclude by exploring some interesting consequences of this weaker constraint for causation in psychology. (shrink)
In Defense of Levels: Layer Cakes and Guilt by Association.Daniel Brooks - 2017 - Biological Theory 12 (3).details
Despite the ubiquity of "levels of organization" in the scientific literature, a nascent "levels skepticism" now claims that the concept of levels is an inherently flawed, misleading, or otherwise inadequate notion for understanding how life scientists produce knowledge about the natural world. However, levels skeptics rely on the maligned "layer-cake" account of levels stemming from Oppenheim and Putnam's defense of the unity of science for their critical commentary. Recourse to layer-cake levels is understandable, as it is arguably the default conception (...) of levels in philosophy. However, relying on this conception of levels undermines the initial plausibility of general dismissals of the concept, because the problems skeptics identify within the "basic idea" of the concept "levels" are merely ones already widely acknowledged in this conception. I illustrate this "guilt by association" by looking at the embedded role of "levels" in articulating intertheoretical reductionism during the latter part of the 20th century. I conclude by suggesting a methodological framework focusing on local usage patterns as a promising means for future analysis of the levels concept. (shrink)
An Interventionist Approach to Psychological Explanation.Michael Rescorla - 2018 - Synthese 195 (5):1909-1940.details
Interventionism is a theory of causal explanation developed by Woodward and Hitchcock. I defend an interventionist perspective on the causal explanations offered within scientific psychology. The basic idea is that psychology causally explains mental and behavioral outcomes by specifying how those outcomes would have been different had an intervention altered various factors, including relevant psychological states. I elaborate this viewpoint with examples drawn from cognitive science practice, especially Bayesian perceptual psychology. I favorably compare my interventionist approach with well-known nomological and (...) mechanistic theories of psychological explanation. (shrink)
Causal Exclusion and the Limits of Proportionality.Neil McDonnell - 2017 - Philosophical Studies 174 (6):1459-1474.details
Causal exclusion arguments are taken to threaten the autonomy of the special sciences, and the causal efficacy of mental properties. A recent line of response to these arguments has appealed to "independently plausible" and "well grounded" theories of causation to rebut key premises. In this paper I consider two papers which proceed in this vein and show that they share a common feature: they both require causes to be proportional to their effects. I argue that this feature is a bug, (...) and one that generalises: any attempt to rescue the autonomy of the special sciences, or the efficacy of the mental, from exclusion worries had better not look to proportionality for help. (shrink)
Regularity Constitution and the Location of Mechanistic Levels.Jens Harbecke - 2015 - Foundations of Science 20 (3):323-338.details
This paper discusses the role of levels and level-bound theoretical terms in neurobiological explanations under the presupposition of a regularity theory of constitution. After presenting the definitions for the constitution relation and the notion of a mechanistic level in the sense of the regularity theory, the paper develops a set of inference rules that allow to determine whether two mechanisms referred to by one or more accepted explanations belong to the same level, or to different levels. The rules are characterized (...) as underlying level distinctions in neuroscience research. (shrink)
Is Cancer a Matter of Luck?Anya Plutynski - 2021 - Biology and Philosophy 36 (1):1-28.details
In 2015, Tomasetti and Vogelstein published a paper in Science containing the following provocative statement: "… only a third of the variation in cancer risk among tissues is attributable to environmental factors or inherited predispositions. The majority is due to "bad luck," that is, random mutations arising during DNA replication in normal, noncancerous stem cells." The paper—and perhaps especially this rather coy reference to "bad luck"—became a flash point for a series of letters and reviews, followed by replies and yet (...) further counterpoints. In this paper, I critically assess Tomasetti and Vogelstein's argument, discuss the meaning of "luck" in the context of the debate, and use this case study to address larger questions about methodological criteria for causal explanations of population level patterns in biomedicine. (shrink)
Interventionist Explanation and the Problem of Single Variable Boundary Constraints.Isaac Wilhelm - 2020 - Noûs 54 (4):945-955.details
According to Interventionism, explanations cite invariant relations which hold among multiple variables. Interventionism incorrectly implies, however, that many common scientific explanations—which cite single‐variable boundary constraints—are not actually explanatory. So I propose a different account of explanation, similar in spirit to Interventionism, which gets those cases of scientific explanation right.
Causal After All : A Model of Mental Causation for Dualists.Bram Vaassen - 2019 - Dissertation, Umeå Universitydetails
In this dissertation, I develop and defend a model of causation that allows for dualist mental causation in worlds where the physical domain is physically complete. In Part I, I present the dualist ontology that will be assumed throughout the thesis and identify two challenges for models of mental causation within such an ontology: the exclusion worry and the common cause worry. I also argue that a proper response to these challenges requires a thoroughly lightweight account of causation, i.e. an (...) account that allows for causes to be metaphysically distinct from the phenomena that produce or physically necessitate their effects. In Part II, I critically evaluate contemporary responses to these challenges from the philosophical literature. In particular, I discuss List and Stoljar's criticism of exclusion worries, Kroedel's alternative dualist ontology, concerns about the notion of causal sufficiency, and Lowe's models of dualist mental causation. I argue that none of these proposals provide independent motivation for a thoroughly lightweight account of causation and therefore leave room for improvement. In the first four chapters of Part III, I develop a thoroughly lightweight model of causation, which builds on interventionist approaches to causation. First, I explain how so-called 'holding fixed'-requirements in standard interventionist accounts stand in the way of dualist mental causation. I then argue that interventionist accounts should impose a robustness condition on causal correlations and that, with this condition in place, the 'holding fixed'-requirements can be weakened such that they do allow for dualist mental causation. I dub the interventionist model with such weakened 'holding fixed'-requirements 'insensitive interventionism', argue that it can counter the exclusion worry as well as the common cause worry, and explain under which circumstances it would predict there to be dualist mental causation. Importantly, these circumstances might, for all we know, hold in the actual world. In the final three chapters of Part III, I defend insensitive interventionism against some objections. I consider the objection that causation must be productive, the objection that causes must physically necessitate their effects, and the objection that insensitive interventionism is too permissive. I respond by drawing from the literature on causation by absences and on the relation between causation and fundamental physics. Overall, insensitive interventionism performs as well as standard interventionist accounts. I conclude that insensitive interventionism is a credible model of causation. (shrink)
Binding Specificity and Causal Selection in Drug Design.Oliver M. Lean - 2020 - Philosophy of Science 87 (1):70-90.details
Binding specificity is a centrally important concept in molecular biology, yet it has received little philosophical attention. Here I aim to remedy this by analyzing binding specificity as a causal property. I focus on the concept's role in drug design, where it is highly prized and hence directly studied. From a causal perspective, understanding why binding specificity is a valuable property of drugs contributes to an understanding of causal selection—of how and why scientists distinguish between causes, not just causes from (...) noncauses. In particular, the specificity of drugs is precisely what underwrites their value as experimental interventions on biological processes. (shrink)
On the Explanatory Depth and Pragmatic Value of Coarse-Grained, Probabilistic, Causal Explanations.David Kinney - 2018 - Philosophy of Science (1):145-167.details
This article considers the popular thesis that a more proportional relationship between a cause and its effect yields a more abstract causal explanation of that effect, which in turn produces a deeper explanation. This thesis is taken to have important implications for choosing the optimal granularity of explanation for a given explanandum. In this article, I argue that this thesis is not generally true of probabilistic causal relationships. In light of this finding, I propose a pragmatic, interest-relative measure of explanatory (...) depth. This measure uses a decision-theoretic model of information pricing to determine the optimal granularity of explanation for a given explanandum, agent, and decision problem. (shrink)
Why There Isn'T Inter-Level Causation in Mechanisms.Felipe Romero - 2015 - Synthese 192 (11):3731-3755.details
The experimental interventions that provide evidence of causal relations are notably similar to those that provide evidence of constitutive relevance relations. In the first two sections, I show that this similarity creates a tension: there is an inconsistent triad between Woodward's popular interventionist theory of causation, Craver's mutual manipulability account of constitutive relevance in mechanisms, and a variety of arguments for the incoherence of inter-level causation. I argue for an interpretation of the views in which the tension is merely apparent. (...) I propose to explain inter-level relations without inter-level causation by appealing to the notion of fat-handed interventions, and an argument against inter-level causation which dissolves the problem. (shrink)


Paul Smith Baby Boys' Navy Wool 'Navaro' Blazer [ZSXK-5J40-501-04] - £36 : Paul Smith, Karen Millen Clothing Outlet Sale, Up To 70% Off, 100% Authentic., Free Worldwide Shipping, Free Returns.
Made from a 100% wool cloth with crease-repellent properties, this Paul Smith Junior baby boys' navy two-button 'Navaro' blazer features notched lapels with a wool undercollar.
Complete with silky colour-block linings with polka dot detailing, this tailored jacket is expertly finished with signature-embossed buttons.


text:
U.S. JUNIOR AMATEUR
New Yorker Sheds Disappointing 2009 Junior Amateur By Making History July 20, 2010 By Andrew Blair
Gavin Hall didn't let his championship-record 62 sit in his mind too long before moving on to match play. (USGA/Steven Gibbons)
Ada, Mich. - At this week's U.S. Junior Amateur Championship, Gavin Hall distinguishes himself as not your typical golfer.
Forget, for a moment, that he's one of the few left-handers in the field.
In a field filled with loyal caddies, he's not employing one. The 15-year-old from Pittsford, N.Y., is also here without his parents in tow. He plays golf and writes left-handed, but shoots hoops right-handed. He admittedly doesn't procrastinate nor change swing coaches every five minutes.
But what has truly distinguished Hall from the rest of the field was his 10-under 62 in the second round of stroke-play qualifying at Egypt Valley Country Club, which signaled the lowest score in the 63-year history of the U.S. Junior Amateur and tied the second-lowest aggregate at any USGA championship. Only the 60 shot by Billy Horschel four years ago at the U.S. Amateur was better.
Hall's watershed round improved his first day total of 73 by 11 strokes. Though Hall said he was excited about it, he also treated it with a shrug of the shoulders knowing that he had bigger goals entering the week. After all, a fix to the driver, little wind, and soft greens meant that 62 was out there by Hall's calculations.
I just stayed in my rhythm. I didn't want to do anything abnormal. I just kept with the game plan and got hot a little but coming down the stretch, which was nice, said Hall, who is making his second appearance in the U.S. Junior Amateur.
A little hot coming down the stretch. Nothing abnormal. Right. Never mind that Hall matched his first nine 31 on the inward half to break former U.S. Open champion Larry Nelson's competitive course record of 63 set at the Foremost Insurance Championship, a Champions Tour event that took place at the club in 2000.
It's hard to blame Hall if his expectations have ballooned in recent weeks. After all, fueled by a 63 at Oak Hill Country Club's West Course, he recorded an 18-stroke runaway victory at last week's Rochester District Golf Association John H. Ryan Jr. Memorial Championship. He also posted a pair of top-10 finishes in American Junior Golf Association events to begin the spring.
Though the future appears as bright as a glimmering Midwestern sunset, Hall is one who refuses to look too far ahead. As he's shown so far, he relies on his predominant ball flight, a fade, to eliminate one side of the golf course and consistently hit shots close to the flagstick. To date, the strategy has worked to the sort of perfection few golfers can claim; he missed one green and hit all but two fairways in torching Egypt Valley on Tuesday.
Hall entered this week's Junior Amateur trying to avenge a disappointing performance from 2009 where he shot 76-78 at Trump National Golf Club in Bedminster, N.J., and fell short of making the match-play field of 64 in extra holes.
Despite the disappointing ending, Hall, a student at Pittsford Mendon High School, gained something valuable from the experience.
I learned never to give up. Coming down the stretch, I didn't play as well as I needed to and the cut was really high, he says.
The lesson was obvious.
Never give up, keep fighting and keep grinding out there because anything is possible, Hall says.
Though he'd compiled an impressive 9-under 135 aggregate to earn third low qualifying honors, the slate is wiped clean when match play starts.
I'm not going to look at the seeds. You have to earn your spot and earn your way through the tournament, said Hall, who celebrated his record-setting round by being a typical teenager. He relaxed at his host family's home, answered texts, shot baskets and watched a Detroit Tigers baseball game. I'm not going to look forward, take one shot at a time and stay in my rhythm.
I acted like [stroke play] was a tournament in its own right, Hall says. When we went into match play, everyone started fresh.
If his first-round match is any indication, the format seems to agree with him. Hall played the first seven holes against Brandon Ng of Canada in five under par, built a 5-up lead in that span and went on to post a 3-and-2 victory. He'll face San Diego's Alexander Schauffele in Thursday morning's round of 32.
I just wanted to play a good round and not look too far ahead of myself because in match play, anything can happen, Hall says.
He plans to carry his own bag the rest of the way, electing instead to rely on his own instincts which have inarguably served him well. He tried having a caddie by his side on one occasion, but quickly eschewed any additional help. After all, he's already fit the pattern as a trendsetter.
I had one caddie and it went all right, but it was just different having someone talk to me during a round, he smiles. It's not really what I want. I like to do my own thing, really. That's just my style.
Knowing the only certainty is that his parents are glued to a computer screen as Hall continues to advance, he hopes his time at the Junior Amateur isn't done yet. But even 62 doesn't grant one a free pass against a strong remaining field.
There are too many good players out here to think about the [stroke-play qualifying] score. I just wanted to come out and play a good match and I did that. On [Thursday], I have to get ready and have another good day.
It has already been a memorable couple of weeks.
Andrew Blair is the communications director for the Virginia State Golf Association. He's contributing articles at this week's U.S. Junior Amateur for the USGA.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


NoSQL Now! News, Exclusive Offers and More.
The fifth annual NoSQL Now! Conference is the largest vendor-neutral forum focused on NoSQL (Not Only SQL) technologies.
All event passes include access to the Exhibits on Tuesday and Wednesday, complimentary access to the co-located event Smart Data Conference during the day(s) you are registered, and speaker presentations (slide decks) for the day(s) you are registered. Standard pricing expires August 17, 2015. After August 17, a $100 on-site registration fee will apply.


text:
Smith and Oldham make history as Britain gets bronze medal
Updated: Monday, July 30, 2012 (20:45)
TEAM PLAYER: Huntingdon gymnast Louis Smith has been selected as part of Team GB.
THERE was high drama at the North Greenwich Arena tonight (Monday, July 30) when Great Britain pipped Japan to a silver medal in the men's artistic gymnastic team event - only to have it taken away again and replaced with a bronze.
There were hearts in mouths as the Japanese put in a protest at their final score after a poor dismount by the final Japanese gymnast was not creditted to their score when it should have been by the judges.
There were boos from the crowd in the former Millennium Dome when Japan finally moved above Team GB on the scoreboard - but a third place finish was still amazing for a country who last won a men's team gymnastics medal - also a bronze - 100 years ago.
For Louis Smith, it was a bronze won and certainly not a silver lost.
He told the BBC after receiving his medal: "It hasn't sunk in yet, it's unbelievable.
"Despite the protest and having the score changed, for us this is a dream come true. To get a medal - a bronze medal - is unbelievable. Silver, bronze, it doesn't matter.
"Our target was to come in the top five and enjoy the competition. We enjoyed it, it was fantastic, and we've got a bronze medal out of it."
Huntingdon Gym's Smith had given the team the best of starts in Britain with a fabulous first rotation on the pommel horse. His score of 15.966 was the best of any gymnast on the pommel horse in the team event.
GB dropped down to fifth during the rotations though, with Smith's fellow-Huntingdon Gym member Sam Oldham, and Max Whitlock, Dan Purvis and Kristian Thomas, all testing their skills on the vault, still rings, parallel bars and high bar.
In the last of the six rotations, Great Britain went head-to-head against Ukraine for third place with Whitlock, Purvis and Thomas all excelling on the floor after a slip by Oldham on the high bar had seen them drop back to fourth from third.
At the end of that floor show - and Ukraine's poor show on the still rings - GB were in third again.
That was good enough for the home crowd, but when the final result was displayed, GB had apparently pipped Japan to the silver as well after that poor dismount from the final Japanese gymnast on the pommel horse.
Japan submitted their protest, the judges watched video replays, and 10 minutes later the mistake was corrected and GB were downgraded to bronze.
Smith now has an individual gold to fight for in the pommel horse.


Sure, this is a shameless takeoff on "Loose Lips Sink Ships", but hopefully you'll forgive me – because the saying makes sense.
And if wartime talk could leak secrets to the enemy, peace time posting can spread information to the social criminal.
The wonderful thing about small-town america is that you know your neighbors, right?
Sure, you have to lock the doors at night, and be wary of the traveling salesmen, but both the potential loss and probable risks are small.
But then the criminals find out – and there goes the neighborhood.
The very first commandment is this – everything you place on your profile is going to be seen by everyone!
Two summers ago I exposed the myths of indiscriminately connecting – includeing the bit about updates being seen by more people.
So what happens when you connect to people indiscriminately – and you happen to make updates about your life.
Think that might work against you?
Yup – people that want to hack into your life – for any number of reasons – will look to connect to your Linkedin account and spy on you, your activity, and your intentions.
Your virtual safety should come first – there's no reason to try to benefit from an online system if doing so causes you to lose your identity!
Anyway – connecting to people you know and trust – it's a safer bet; and that's why I recommend it.


text:
Ancient Roman medicine
Ancient Roman medicine incorporated much of the knowledge gained in ancient Greek territories, as Rome expanded its empire and conquered people with various healing skills. Rome's conquest of Alexandria was a turning point for ancient Roman medicine, because they came into possession of the largest trove of medical knowledge in the ancient world at the Great Library and universities of ancient Alexandria. Ancient Roman medicine included highly-practiced doctors who specialized in various skills, including surgery that used anesthetics such as opium, and specially designed tools.
The three most famous ancient Roman physicians are Dioscorides, Soranus, and Galen. Dioscorides was a first-century botanist and early chemist who published a text of over 600 herbal cures for illnesses and wounds. Called De Materia Medica, it was the reigning textbook of medical cures until the 16th century CE. Soranus was the first medical practitioner to explore female anatomy and publish a comprehensive text about gynecology. The most famous Roman physician, Galen, became a major influence from the 2nd century CE through the Middle Ages. He was a strong voice in the philosophical "mind-body problem" in addition to the practice of medicinal arts.
Based on theories of Hippocrates and ancient Greek medical beliefs, Galen promoted the idea that conditions could be mediated by opposites. He was the first to believe in the specific functionality of organs and say that physicians could not separate the mental and the physical, because each part of the body contributes to the function of a person as a whole. He was the first to promote "talk therapy" and attempted psychological diagnoses and cures. Although it is known that Galen wrote extensively on both medicine and philosophy, most of his writings were lost in a fire in the 2nd century CE.
Expand your knowledge universe in just 5 minutes a day via bite-sized email courses.
Go Highbrow


Use an Urban Composter to compost your kitchen waste.
Composting is the best way to deal with organic waste, as it returns valuable organic matter to the soil in the form of easy to handle compost. We have a range of Composters, Wormeries and Bokashi Bins for composting garden and kitchen waste. Raised Beds are a great way of growing plants as they are free draining and you can fill them with better soil.


In September, I moved into a new apartment. My three previous apartments had left something to be desired, but this one has everything I want: an open floor plan, an Ikea kitchen, tons of light, a good location, and a terrific view of the city. In this apartment, I feel that life is simple. It's all manageable. It's good.
In his latest book of philosophy, The Architecture of Happiness, Alain de Botton turns his attention to architecture's bearing on happiness and what we can learn about those who create, embrace, or reject certain manifestations of architecture. Beyond a home's basic purpose (to provide shelter), we all look -- consciously or not -- for homes that reflect and bolster our personal ideals. But the two concepts of function and beauty, happily married in many modern homes, historically have been at odds.
Our appreciation of beauty contributes to our sense of happiness. But according to de Botton, Stoics and other ascetics believed self-denial was the path to moral virtue and eternal bliss. Beauty, therefore, had no place in a virtuous life. Aesthetic pleasure held its own for centuries, when again it came under attack with the emergence of a new field, engineering. The Industrial Revolution transformed buildings from things of beauty into functional structures. This new line of thinking provided a bit of relief from "a morass of perplexing, insoluble disputes about aesthetics." Architects, too, began to look for a more scientific approach. Even though Modernist architects couched their designs in technological terms, de Botton argues that their work still was a pursuit of beauty.
Architects seek beauty, but they also speak of ideals, beliefs, and values through their designs. De Botton explains that it is these ideals that draw different people to different kinds of architecture: "To call a work of architecture or design beautiful is to recognize it as a rendition of values critical to our flourishing, a transubstantiation of our individual ideals in a material medium." He also states that bad architecture is a failure of psychology. And because successful architecture is an expression of our ideals and a satisfier of our psychological needs, our homes serve as a reminder of who we are and as propaganda ("the promotion of any doctrine or set of beliefs") to those who visit it.
In spite of the title, the book was far more about architecture than happiness. No complaint on the subject matter, but perhaps the title is less than perfect just to boost sales? After all, happiness is a popular subject. Universities now offer courses in "positive psychology." Hollywood offers a bevy of films every year that have absurdly happy endings. Homer Simpson reinserted a crayon into his brain so that he could revert to his happier state. In a recent BBC poll (conducted for The Happiness Formula series), over 80% of respondents thought that happiness, not wealth, should be the government's prime objective.
What was for the most part an enjoyable and quick read did have a few bumps along the way. I found de Botton's frequent anthropomorphisms and his way of presenting both sides of an argument to be a tad annoying. Though I generally admired his choice of words, some sentences were a bit too romantic: "We can be moved by a column that meets a roof with grace, by worn stone steps that hint at wisdom and by a Georgian doorway that demonstrates playfulness and courtesy in its fanlight windows." When I read portions of the book aloud, my listeners commented that de Botton's writing is verbose.
I was disappointed that de Botton did not interact more with the ideas of other philosophers. Just about every famous philosopher out there has had something to say about happiness and beauty, and there are a whole slew of contemporary philosophers expounding on relevant topics. In spite of my criticism, I think The Architecture of Happiness is a beautiful book. I want everyone I know to read it. I want to invite them over to discuss these ideas with them, to talk about the homes we have chosen and why, and, of course, to show off my new apartment.


Connecticut-based Coronado Global Resources, Inc. (Coronado), one of the world's largest coal producers, has launched an IPO worth AUS$1.3 billion (US$946.1 million).
Coronado is reportedly hoping to benefit from the Asian demand for the steelmaking commodity.
The company produces mainly metallurgical coal with an annual output of 8.2 million t from three US mines and 8.5 million t from the Curragh mine in Australia, which it bought from Wesfarmers Ltd last December for AUS$700 million.
The IPO is the biggest coal mining float in Australia since Yancoal Australia, which listed in 2012 at the peak of the country's mining boom.
EMG, which currently owns 98.7% of Coronado now, will own 69% of the firm after the IPO. According to one source, it will retain its stake until at least February 2020, when the shares will be released from escrow.
The IPO opens on 2 October 2018, with shares expected to be priced by around 23 October 2018. Trading is then expected to commence on 23 October.


text:
Eden Springs Launches Environmentally Friendly Range Of Cups
Market leaders in beverage solutions, Eden Springs, has announced the launch of a new environmentally friendly eco-cup range for both hot and cold beverage requirements.
The fully compostable plant-based hot water cups are available in 8oz and 12oz, single or double walled variants. Manufactured from sustainably-sourced paper and lined with plant-based PLA, the cups have exceptional thermal properties, making them ideal for a range of drinks from coffee and tea through to hot chocolate and soup.
The new 7oz PLA Plastic Compostable Water Cups are manufactured from cornstarch and along with the paper cups, are certified to break down in under 12 weeks in industrial composting conditions.
Eden's new environmentally friendly 4oz Paper Cone is free from PE lining and can be easily disposed of through normal paper recycling.
"As Europe's largest certified Carbon Neutral water and coffee services company, Eden is leading the market on climate action", Brian Macpherson, Managing Director at Eden Springs (UK) Ltd, told Planet Vending. "That's why we're delighted to be adding this new eco-friendly range of cups to our offer. The use of plant-based materials not only delivers advantages after use, but also requires significantly less energy and generates fewer greenhouse gases during production. Plant-based materials, such as cornstarch, are a more sustainable option for cups as corn is a resource that can be regularly maintained and renewed without having a harmful effect on the environment."
As part of their 'Refresh, Refill, Reuse' scheme, Eden Springs is also offering a range of re-fillable water bottles and coffee cups, avoiding recycling and compostable systems altogether. To complete the recycling theme, the company's Premium 12oz Coffee Cup is manufactured from recycled paper cups and is itself 100% recyclable. Other products include a BPA and phthalate free, 8oz Regular E Coffee Cup, a BPA free polyethylene 450ml Fuse Water Bottle, as well as a PS Tritan construction 650ml Premium Water Bottle with Fruit Infuser.
TagsCompostable Cup Eco Friendly Cups Eden Springs OCS Planet Vending UK vending
Planet Vending's Editor is Ian Reynolds-Young and it's Ian's unique writing talent that has made PV what it is today – the best read (red) vending blog in the world, and vending's best read (reed). Ian 'tripped and fell into vending', in the capacity of PR executive, before launching a specialist agency, 'reynoldscopy', dedicated to the UK Vending business. The company continues to represent the interests of many of the sector's leading brands.
'It's all about telling stories', he says. 'We want to make every visit to PV a rewarding experience. By celebrating the achievements of the UK's operating companies, we're on a mission to debunk the idea that vending is retailing's poor relation.'
Guy Swaps Cups for Cups of an altogether different kind!
Crane previews New Table Top – LINEA by Crane


Jonathan Feigen , Houston Chronicle May 21, 2018 Updated: May 21, 2018 12:29 a.m.
Stephen Curry broke out of his funk in a major way while James Harden and the Rockets seemed helpless to slow down him and the Warriors in a Game 3 rout.
The Rockets had to know that the Warriors would hit them with their best. If they didn't, they needed to spend a couple bucks for a few newspapers and read the comments from every Warriors player in the same room as a microphone in the previous three days and would have known what was coming.
They had to know Stephen Curry would snap out of it. He has become routinely defined as the best shooter in NBA history. His 2 of 13 3-point shooting to start to the series was not going to last. Curry is as likely to shoot well as Clint Capela is to remain tall.
The Rockets should have known it would take their best to come out of Oracle Arena with a win Sunday, yet they treated the game as if they were so superior they would get their switches, beat the relative weak link in the Warriors defense and would roll up enough points to get their win.
It does not work that way against a Warriors team that had yet to show the Rockets their best. The Rockets got off to a fast three-minute start. The Warriors cranked up their defense, correcting a few early coverage mistakes. The Rockets never rose to the challenge they had to see coming.
The Rockets missed a stack of layups in the first half. Make those good shots and the game is tight. But there was no reason to be deflated down 11 coming out for the second half. When the Rockets tip-toed into the second half, they were blown off the court. The benches cleared with a 29-point Warriors lead. The Rockets left Oracle with a 41-point loss, the most lopsided Rockets loss or Warriors win in their playoff history. The Warriors, one would think, have their attention now.
Draymond Green and the Warriors helped make Chris Paul an offensive non-factor while Game 3 was still in doubt.
1. The Warriors might not need all of their stars to be great at the same time, though there does not seem to be anything that will deter Kevin Durant from that other than perhaps giving someone else a turn.
The Rockets don't have that luxury, not in this series. They could beat the Jazz with James Harden struggling thanks to a dominant night from Chris Paul. They could knock off the Timberwolves with Paul misfiring and Harden rolling. Solid playoff teams, worthy of their place in the Western Conference playoff pack as the Wolves and Jazz might be, they are not the Warriors.
Against the Warriors, Harden must be masterful. Paul must be sharp and efficient. The Rockets could get a win in the Warriors' one customary dud per playoff series without their stars soaring. When the Warriors reached their best, however, with their defense its most aggressive and their offense its most unstoppable, it would take everything Harden and Paul can bring, either as scorers or playmakers or on some occasions as both, to match that.
Neither came close Sunday. Harden got off to a strong start by beating picking apart the Warriors' pick-and-roll coverage, usually beating Stephen Curry off the dribble and getting five assists in the first nine minutes. The Warriors, however, were going to correct their mistakes. They would swarm to Harden in the paint. He would have to finish in traffic and still set up teammates for open looks. He rarely did either.
Harden dropped in one late 3 before the benches cleared with the Warriors up 29, but until then, he was 1 of 5 from deep, having never given the Warriors much trouble after than initial flurry.
Paul offered less until the Warriors pulled away. He was just 1 of 7 in the first half with one assist and was 2 of 11 before he finished the third quarter with a flurry after the Warriors' lead had reached 28.
He missed some great looks, but the Warriors don't allow many. Instead, Harden and Paul have to make tough shots, more tough shots than the Warriors' stars even need to take. That is their burden in this series. Teammates have to knock down the shots Paul and Harden get for them. Harden and Paul have to be sensational.
That is a lot to ask against the defense that has been by far the NBA's best in the post-season. But if the Warriors are going to be at their best, the Rockets needed every bit of that from the stars put together to beat them.
For the first time in the series, Stephen Curry had a reason to celebrate.
2. No one could have been terribly surprised when Stephen Curry erupted. He does that sort of thing. He was not hurt in the two games to begin the series when he misfired. He was moving too well, getting to the rim and finishing too well for that. His rhythm might have been off after his six-week layoff to end the regular season and begin the playoffs. But the best 3-point shooter in NBA history was likely to make 3s.
Yet, as much as he said he had not lost a bit of confidence, he was pressing in the first half on Sunday. The entire Oracle crowd seemed to be trying to will him out of his brief slump. After his 2 of 13 start to the series, he was 1 of 7 in the first half.
He began the second half with a lefty layup, the first of four buckets at the rim before he finally nailed his 3, from 30 feet, to open the floodgates.
With that, the Rockets knew who he was and let him off the hook.
No matter how talented and confident Curry is, he could have felt the burden of trying to live up to his own expectations if the game was tight and the Rockets were not allowing those layups that eased the pressure and got him going.
There was a reason he let out that shout after his third-quarter finger roll. The shimmy after the 3 was typical. But the shout was about a release of all that had been pent up.
The Rockets spoke of their failings defensively. They did not switch and pressure with enough force. They were in no way disruptive, getting all of three steals. But while they fell short in many ways defensively, they allowed the Warriors' two-time MVP to get on a roll that eventually led to him raining 3s.
Curry made 4 of 5 3-pointers in the second half to help take the game from in the Warriors' control to the record books. Along the way, he gave the Rockets one more problem. Worse, they had to know when he was down, they helped him up.
3. For the second time in the series, the Rockets have to win. This time, the Warriors won't help.
The Rockets had to recover from their Game 1 loss and did. They could not lose the first two games of the series in Houston and expect to win four of the remaining five games, with three in Oakland, to get past the reigning champs.
They took care of business in Game 2, but with the loss in Game 3 on Sunday, they are back in that desperate situation.
Teams have come back from a 3-1 deficit. The Rockets did against the Clippers in 2015. The Warriors were in a 3-1 hole to the Thunder in 2016. The Cavaliers came back from down 3-1 in the Finals that season. But these Warriors are the version fortified with Kevin Durant. They have not lost more than one game in any of the six full series since he signed on.


United kingdom is a place that includes magnificent beauty. It was a hub to any plenty of corporate movements and is a most-loved holiday destination for females from all across generally world. If you all too are planning an escape to London, it could be described as important to ensure that the majority of you make the most people of your travel written by planning your trip brilliantly. Besides planning for each flights and stay near the city, hiring a huge competent pickup service starting from the airport is and additionally imperative to arrive back a hasslefree manner. Visited are the days when people used to quest for taxicabs after attaining on the foreign ground.
Waiting towards the flights, going in the course of the strenuous travels, instant consuming surveillance checks, and / or jet insulate often will leave us sick. Hunting with an airport transfer to make contact with our downtown destination gives to unquestionably the woes. This specific is when we is going to benefit each of our most at a prebooked Chauffeur Service. Many guys shy out of town from Driver Service easily because they will assume when hiring each of them will en a hit in specific pocket. Here is, however, not authentic. Chauffeur forced cars include no a bit longer limited towards the touch of plentiful and noted. These days, they are offered with a wonderful affordable price range tag.


text:
Q: Firefox console.table showing wrong data Let's try the following javascript code:
 var Matrix = [
  [1,2,3],
  [4,5,6]
 ];

  console.table(Matrix);   // print initial data
  Matrix[1][1] = 9;        // change one value
  console.table(Matrix);   // print updated data

And this is the result:

I have tested this with Firefox 64.0.
Why do both console.table-calls result to the same output?

A: console.log is not standardized, so the behavior is rather undefined,
The console will need to store the logged values somewhere, and it will display them on the screen. The rendering will happen asynchronously for sure (being throttled to rate-limit updates), as will future interactions with the logged objects in the console (like expanding object properties).
So the console might either clone (serialize) the mutable objects that you did log, or it will store references to them. The first one doesn't work well with deep objects. Also, at least the initial rendering in the console will probably show the "current" state of the object, i.e. the one when it got logged - in your example you see Object {}.
reminding that multi dimensional array is also an object
However, when you expand the object to inspect its properties further, it is likely that the console will have only stored a reference to your object and its properties, and displaying them now will then show their current (already mutated) state.
this answer is influenced by Bergis answer on this question.

A: The console.table is not synchronous so before the initial content of Matrix is displayed, the update is done.
Just adding a delay like this and you'll see two values displayed correctly:
var Matrix = [
  [1, 2, 3],
  [4, 5, 6]
];

console.table(Matrix);   // print initial data
setTimeout(() => {
  Matrix[1][1] = 9;        // change one value
  console.table(Matrix);   // print updated data
}, 2000);

This is not practical of course, but looking on the mozilla website it says
Note: This feature is available in Web Workers.
But the french translation says the feature is available via web workers which would explain the behavior you're seeing.
A workaround would be to call console.table on a deep copy of Matrix so you can carry on modifying it with minimum impact on you final code.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Truck driver Jaskirat Sidhu walks out of provincial court after appearing for charges due to the Humboldt Broncos bus crash in Melfort, Sask., on July 10, 2018.
The father of a hockey player killed in the Humboldt Broncos bus crash says he felt empty as he caught the eye of an accused truck driver who was released on $1,000 bail in court Tuesday.
Jaskirat Singh Sidhu, who is 29 and from Calgary, faces several conditions, including that he not drive and that he surrender his passport.
Two of the victims' parents, Scott Thomas and Myles Shumlanski, were in provincial court in Melfort, Sask., for Sidhu's appearance. The case was put over to Aug. 21.
Thomas, whose son Evan died in the crash, said he felt compelled to go.
Thomas said he caught Sidhu's eye once, but just felt empty.
Shumlanski, whose son Nicolas was injured, didn't speak to the media. Neither Sidhu, his defence lawyer nor the Crown prosecutor spoke outside court.
Russell Herold, whose son Adam died in the crash, didn't go to court but said he was glad Sidhu had to surrender his passport.
"At least they put some conditions on it," he said. "The bail seems low, but I guess if you go by the law – he doesn't have a prior record and hasn't tried to flee so I guess this is common.
Sidhu's bail conditions dictate that he live at his basement apartment in a new subdivision near the Calgary airport.
Harkanwal Singh lives upstairs in the blue-grey home and said he sympathizes with the man and wife living below.
"They never bothered us. Never. He's very decent, a very good guy, a calm boy, (working) all the time," he said. "He's a very sensitive guy.
Sixteen people, including 10 players, were killed and 13 players were injured when the junior hockey team's bus and a transport truck driven by Sidhu crashed at a rural Saskatchewan intersection on April 6. The team was on its way to a playoff game.
Sidhu was not hurt in the crash. He was taken into custody, but was released the same night.
RCMP have said they will not release any details of the investigation or what they believe happened. The only thing the Mounties have said to this point is that the truck was in the intersection when the collision occurred.


On Tuesday, June 17, local officials, artists and media gathered at Burlington's BCA Center to announce the winner of the first annual Herb Lockwood Prize in the Arts. At $10,000, it's easily the biggest individual arts award in the state. Though the group gathered in a gallery — Burlington City Arts serves as the prize's nonprofit fiduciary agent — the honoree turned out to be a theater guy: Steve Small, a Vermont actor and director of Addison Repertory Theater (A.R.T.) in Middlebury, a theater training program for high schoolers.
Small had never heard of the Herb Lockwood Prize before he won it. That's because the planning was carried out in almost complete secrecy. "I think he just about fell off his chair," says Burlington writer and artist Todd Lockwood, who organized and launched the prize this spring. His younger brother, for whom the honor was named, died in 1987.
"It took a little while to catch my breath," Small says, admitting to an initial suspicion that the whole thing was a hoax. After all, how often does someone receive a call saying they've won an unsolicited $10,000 for their life's work?
The selection process was modeled after that of the Nobel Prize, Lockwood explains. Nominations were solicited from about two dozen anonymous "arts advisers" throughout the state. Then a committee of five (including one BCA staffer) selected the winner based on three criteria: a high caliber of technical ability and creative talent; an inspirational influence on other artists; and a "beneficent" influence on the community.
Small, a Vermont native, worked professionally on Broadway sets and got gigs acting in television shows before moving back to his home state with the intention of shoring up its theater scene. The 57-year-old has worked with A.R.T. for 29 years. The intensive program trains students in acting, set design and other theater vocations; Small says it has a 100 percent placement rate for students who wish to continue on to conservatory or collegiate theater programs.
Small is also considered one of the best performers in the state, says Lockwood. "I think a lot of people come away from his shows and his plays thinking, Wow! What's this guy doing in Vermont?" he says.
The Herb Lockwood Prize was born from a conversation between Lockwood and an unidentified "artist friend" last fall. Lockwood remembers that the two identified an "issue" they wanted to remedy: Despite Vermont's rich artistic culture, conventional wisdom still holds that good art just doesn't happen here.
"One idea that came out of that was putting a spotlight on some of the amazing work going on around here, which would help rid us of the question of whether great art or important art can ever happen in Vermont in the first place," Lockwood says.
That "spotlight," he decided, would be a prize — not a grant for future work but a recognition of existing and continuing work — and a significant one. The prize's purse began at $5,000, donated by the Lockwood family; the remainder was raised in private donations. The winner is under no obligation to spend the prize money in any particular way.
Though Lockwood says the prize was created to meet a specific need — recognition for significant art — it soon became closely tied in his mind to memories of his late brother, and to Herb's artistic legacy in the area.
Todd and Herb Lockwood moved to Burlington in the early 1980s, at the dawn of an era that Todd considers the Queen City's golden age. "It was just kind of a magnetic thing," Lockwood, now 63, remembers of the artists and entrepreneurs drawn to the area in the '80s and early '90s. "All these amazing things happened under this umbrella of Burlington culture and its belief system — the belief in doing things for the right reason."
Herb was one of those artists, his brother recalls: a writer, cartoonist, painter, sculptor and musician who arrived in 1982 and quickly found his place in the artistic community. His home became something of a hub for creative types, says Lockwood. (A musician and photographer himself, Todd Lockwood founded the Brautigan Library for unpublished books — based on cult author Richard Brautigan's 1966 book The Abortion: An Historical Romance — and established White Crow recording studio, now defunct.) At Herb's memorial service, at the Unitarian Universalist Church on Pearl Street, Lockwood recalls that the number of attendees floored his parents.
"It was just packed with people up to their seventies, and we had no idea how these people even knew Herb," he says. "We quickly realized he had this huge reach in a bunch of different ways."
Lockwood adds that Small, whose students have gone on to work on Broadway shows and behind the scenes on television shows including "The Office," is a perfect example of a Vermont artist who extends his gifts outward.
"We were looking for something more than technically great work," Lockwood says. "We were looking for someone who just by their actions is inspiring others, causing the water to rise in the harbor, so to speak."


Five PCA 7th grade students recently recorded a song to benefit Baylor Bramble. The song titled 'I Do Too' was written by PCA parent and songwriter Tim James and was recorded in a studio in Murfreesboro. All proceeds from the sale of the song will go to the Bramble family.
Baylor Bramble attended PCA for several years and his mother, Christy, served on the PCA faculty. Two of the students who recorded the song had Christy as a Kindergarten teacher and they wanted to do something to support her family.
The student group, called the Treblemakerz, first played 'I Do Too' at a benefit for Baylor at Siegel High School. The group is made up of: Sadie Morgan (vocal and keyboard), Carter Parker (bass guitar), Margaret Ann Keach (vocal and guitar), Joshua Hearnes (drums), and Paxton Rigdon (vocal and guitar).
Providence Christian Academy, founded in 1996, is an academically advanced, inter-denominational classical Christian school. PCA's mission is to teach students to seek God's truth and equip them with the tools for a lifetime of learning. There are more than 475 students enrolled in Pre-K – 12th grade. To learn more call the PCA office at (615) 904-0902.


text:
Q: Running Docker with infile bash syntax I need to run R in a Docker container and want to input a script from a volume I mounted using the standard infile notation, however, the file seems to be redirected to Docker, not R.
I'm using the following command:
docker run -v /root/share:/share r-base:latest R --vanilla --quiet < /share/test.r
How can I use the infile notation and run my R in Docker? (I need the direct output from R, so Rscript will not do.)

A: As @mazel-tov mentioned: try
docker run -v /root/share:/share r-base:latest /bin/bash -c 'R --vanilla --quiet < /share/test.r'

That way the redirection of stdin is done by the bash inside the docker instead of in your shell that starts the docker.


Click on the links below to find out more about recent special events and offers at Dragon Mart.
Dragon Mart is launching another Clearance Market on 21st March and extended until the 30th of March.
Dragon Mart wishes the Kuwaiti Nation a happy National Day! Enjoy your celebrations.
Make the most of the cooler weather and explore the scenic outdoors with our Bike and Camping Market, featuring a huge range of must-have cycling equipment, camping gear and accessories.
Following an incredible response to the standalone bike and camping events last year, we are bringing the two markets together for 2019, with the best offers on all things cycling and camping from 20 February to 9 March only.
The special deals is open daily from 10am to 10pm, the Bike and Camping Market is located on the ground floor of Dragon Mart 2 in Dubai.
Outdoor enthusiasts of all ages will find a large collection of deals on camping equipment, bicycles, scooters, helmets, knee pads, gloves, lights, water bottles, tents, portable furniture, heaters, sleeping bags, water pumps, stoves, BBQ and campfire grills, charcoal, fire wood and more.
Visit us for the latest cycling equipment deals and best camping accessories at great prices from Wednesday, 20 February.


Sin grieves God's heart. The flood of wickedness in Noah's day prompted God to cleanse the earth by destroying all mankind, beasts, birds, and creeping things with a worldwide flood. But there was one exception: Noah.
Why did Noah find favor (grace) from the Lord?
Noah wasn't perfect; Genesis 9:20 shows that his sin nature traveled with him on the ark, (along with his family and the animals God designated).
So what set Noah apart from the people around him?
The Bible says that Noah was justified by God through his faith. Noah is an exemplary model of one who had great faith. Of all the people listed in the "Hall of Faith" (Hebrews 11), his description is the only one that both begins and ends with "by faith" (Hebrews 11:7). Noah believed God's promises and followed God's will.
Walk describes the closest communion with God. It represents fellowship and obedience. Since Enoch, Noah was the only one left in his long life span who "walked with God" (vs. 10).
Noah was also recorded as a "preacher of righteousness" (2 Peter 2:5). Although no one responded to his message except his family.
With unmerited favor, God looked upon Noah as a righteous man and enabled him to walk closely with Him step by step, day by day. It's here in Genesis where grace is first mentioned; God giving undeserved favor to sinners (Noah and his family).
Even though it had never rained before—the earth had been watered by underground springs—Noah didn't question God.
When God told him to build this huge boat—the length of one and a half football fields and height of a four-story building—Noah got right to work.
Even though he was most likely ridiculed and labeled "crazy", Noah chose to obey God rather than cave to the expectations and temptations surrounding him (1 Peter 3:20).
For 120 long years—longer than our life span—Noah pressed on to build the ark according to God's detailed specifications.
Noah is our antediluvian link. Because Noah believed God and obeyed, he is a model of faith of how we too can please God.
As Noah and his family were saved by entering through the ark's door, we are also saved by entering through the narrow door (gate) of Jesus Christ: "Enter through the narrow gate. For wide is the gate and broad is the road that leads to destruction, and many enter through it. But small is the gate and narrow the road that leads to life, and only a few find it," (Matthew 7:13-14).
As in Noah's day, living God's way may not be popular, but it is true and right.
Have you entered through the narrow gate by placing your faith in Jesus Christ? Trust in Christ is the only way to heaven because He alone died for our sins so we can be right before our holy God.
This entry was tagged 10 - why did Noah find favor (grace) from God?, Bible Study: Noah - Saved by grace (Gen. 6:8-10), Christ alone died for our sins to make us right before God, grace - unearned/unmerited favor from God, grace is first mentioned in Genesis, Hebrews 11:7, Jesus Christ - the only way to heaven (salvation), Matthew 7:13-14, Noah - a great model of faith, Noah - justified by God through faith, Noah believed/loved and obeyed God (Gen. 6:22; 7:5; 7:9; 7:16, Noah Declared Righteous By God, sin grieves God's heart, why is Jesus Christ the only way to heaven?. Bookmark the permalink.
Still greatly enjoying your trip through the Old Testament. I think this is the most important of the posts you have done in this series. It's so important to understand that salvation has always come the same way it does today, by grace through faith. Good one and thanks.
Thanks Wally! It is interesting to see that grace through faith isn't just a New Testament concept.
A great teaching here on the fact that Salvation has ALWAYS been by grace through faith.
It was great indeed. Well worth the sharing!


text:
Nashua man assaulted, kidnapped woman, police say
James Brennan held on $10K bail
Updated: 8:37 AM EDT May 5, 2016
Frank O'Laughlin
Web Producer
A Nashua man is facing several felony charges after police say he struck a woman and held her against her will.James Brennan, 20, struck the victim in the head and then held her captive in a home on Hills Ferry Road on April 30, according to police.The woman was able to escape the home. She fled to nearby woods and called police. Officers later arrested Brennan.The woman suffered minor injuries, police said.Brennan is charged with domestic violence, simple assault and kidnapping.Brennan was arraigned on May 1. He is being held on $10,000 cash bail.Get the WMUR app12967056
NASHUA, N.H. —
A Nashua man is facing several felony charges after police say he struck a woman and held her against her will.
James Brennan, 20, struck the victim in the head and then held her captive in a home on Hills Ferry Road on April 30, according to police.
The woman was able to escape the home. She fled to nearby woods and called police. Officers later arrested Brennan.
The woman suffered minor injuries, police said.
Brennan is charged with domestic violence, simple assault and kidnapping.
Brennan was arraigned on May 1. He is being held on $10,000 cash bail.


Mar 31, 2018 at 7:44 p.m.
Trees play a crucial role in the water, carbon and nitrogen cycle on local, regional and global scales. Understanding the exchange of momentum, heat, water, and CO2 between trees and the atmosphere is important to assess the impact of drought, deforestation and climate change. Unfortunately, ground measurements of tree properties such as mass and canopy interception of precipitation are often expensive or difficult due to challenging environments. This paper aims to demonstrate the concept of using robust and affordable accelerometers to measure tree properties and responses. Tree sway is dependent on mass, canopy structure, drag coefficient, and wind forcing. By measuring tree acceleration, we can relate the tree motion to external forcing (e.g., wind, precipitation and related canopy interception) and tree physical properties (e.g., mass, elasticity). Using five months of acceleration data of 19 trees in the Brazilian Amazon, we show that the frequency spectrum of tree sway is related to mass, canopy interception of precipitation, and canopy–atmosphere turbulent exchange.


Stack combo of 4 rings in pink gold, bright & oxidized Platinum-enhanced Sterling. The price is for the 4-ring set as shown. See Details for individual prices.
The two oxidized rings with deep scoops are 2mm and 2.5mm, and made of Platinum-enhanced Sterling. 5% platinum makes the metal lustrous and durable.


text:
Q: Merging two multidimensional objects if they have the same key value in javascript If I have two objects. How can I populate the first object with items of the second using values of the first as a key? Say that for the following example, I need the first object to contain all items from the second object with the same color as any of the first objects.
object1 = {
  1:{
    name:'bed',
    color:'blue'
  }
}

object2 = {
  1:{
    name:'chair',
    color:'blue'
  },

  2:{
    name:'table',
    color:'red'
  }
}

So this should result in
object1 = {

  1:{
    name:'bed',
    color:'blue'
  },

  2:{
    name:'chair',
    color:'blue'
  }

}

A: // Store all the colours in object1 inside an array
var colours = [];
var object1_keys = Object.keys(object1);
object1_keys.map(function(key)
{
    if (colours.indexOf(object1[key].color) === -1)
    {
        colours.push(object1[key].color);
    }
});

var last_index = object1_keys.length;

// Copy all the items from object2 into object1 if their colour
// is inside the colours array
var object2_keys = Object.keys(object2);
object2_keys.map(function(key)
{
    if (colours.indexOf(object2[key].color) > -1)
    {
        last_index++;
        object1[last_index] = object2[key];
    }
});

Since you don't have an array, but an object with array-like indices, I'm using a variable called "last_index" to know the index that we need to set for the new items in object1. If you were using arrays, the logic would be simpler.
Edit: the main difference between my solution and realsenanp's is that he is merging the items for just one colour. If there were multiple colours in object1, the solution I propose would probably be more efficient.

A: Well here is something you can do. You specify which key and value you want to match..
var object1 = {
  1:{
    name:'bed',
    color:'blue'
  }
};

var object2 = {
  1:{
    name:'chair',
    color:'blue'
  },

  2:{
    name:'table',
    color:'red'
  }
};

// a - object1
// b - object2
// key - key you want to match
// value - value of key that must be matched
var mergeSameValue = function(a, b, key, value){
  var count = 1;
  for(var c in a){
    if(a.hasOwnProperty(c)){
      count ++;
    }
  }
  for(var i in b){
    if(b[i][key] === value){
      a[count] = b[i]
      count ++;
    }
  }
  return a
};

// Your new object with both objects merged
var newObj = mergeSameValue(object1, object2, 'color', 'blue');

A: Here's another solution that gets all objects from the second object, with colours that exist in any object in the first object.
Keep in mind that objects are passed around by reference, so you're working with shallow copies here.
Using objects instead of Arrays for these kinds of lists creates some key conflict headaches though, solved with manual indexing.
Note that your colour list is better served as a hashmap, instead of an Array, which reduces complexity in longer lists.

function colorMap (obj) {
  var map = {};

  Object.keys(obj).forEach(function (key) {
    map[obj[key].color] = true;
  });

  return map;
}

function merge (one, two) {
  var map = colorMap(one),
      index = Object.keys(one).length;

  Object.keys(two).forEach(function (key) {
    if (map[two[key].color]) one[++index] = two[key];
  });

  return one;
}

//

var object1 = {
  1:{
    name:'bed',
    color:'blue'
  }
},

object2 = {
  1:{
    name:'chair',
    color:'blue'
  },

  2:{
    name:'table',
    color:'red'
  }
};

console.log(merge(object1, object2));


The Italian federation of motorcyclists uses Sport Timers and Digital clocks of Rousis LED Systems in its official competitions.
The photo above is from the lastest event "X-CUP Maxxis - Honda Redmoto", which took place a few days ago in Italy. This model (TCT156), with six digits of 15cm height, is equipped with a GPS receiver to display the real time to ensure that all the races' starts are absolutely precise and begin on time. It also has a built-in lead battery for autonomous operation without the use of electricity for more than eight hours.


AAJ Magazine: When did you start your weight loss journey?
Raghbir: I got my gym membership in 2010 and that's when it all began.
AAJ Magazine: How much did you weigh when you started?
Raghbir: When I went to the gym on my first day, they did a fitness evaluation. In the evaluation, they check your height, weight and body fat percentage. On my fitness evaluation, I weighed in at 302 pounds and 27.8% body fat.
AAJ Magazine: How much do you weigh now?
Raghbir: If we take out these holidays (lol) . . . my normal weight fluctuates between 185-190 pounds. But 176 pounds is the lightest I ever was.
AAJ Magazine: What made you decide to make a change?
Raghbir: Nothing made me decide to make a change. It was more along the lines of adulthood happening. I joined the gym because the very few friends I had moved to different cities to go to college. This resulted in me having no one to hang out with, which was a blessing in disguise. This eliminated any chances of me going out and eating at fast food restaurants. Instead, I started eating healthier (at home) and started spending more time at the gym due to not having anyone to hang out with.
AAJ Magazine: What kept you motivated and disciplined?
Raghbir: Since I didn't have any peers to spend time with, it resulted in me spending more time at the gym, which I previously mentioned. But due to that blessing in disguise I started spending 2-3 hours at the gym. This sped up my weight loss results. Once I saw the first 10 pounds drop on the scale . . . oh boy! It became an obsession/addiction and the mind started to wonder how much more weight the body can lose! And at the point, I was extremely motivated because I really really badly wanted to get in shape because I was witnessing results. I also have a fitness idol I follow, which is Hrithik Roshan. I always read about him or looked at his pictures, which kept me motivated to work out and disciplined to stay on the healthy lifestyle. But ultimately, I just don't want to go back to where I was before. The fear of going back to that 302 pounds is what keeps me motivated, disciplined and focused.
AAJ Magazine: What is the key to weight loss based on your experience?
Raghbir: The answer to this question is going to seem played out because you hear it from every trainer or dietician or fitness models, but the correct diet is the key to weight loss. But I also want to add another key . . . This might sound odd, but in my personal experience the key has been giving up going out with friends. I believe that giving up that life where you always go out with your friends was a huge key which helped me lose over 120 pounds. Not going out helped me make better diet choices. I was able to stay focused on my own diet.
AAJ Magazine: What are your favourite exercises?
Raghbir: One of my favourite exercises will always be running or any type of cardio. Another exercise I absolutely love is pull ups. I love pull ups because I remember when I first started going to the gym I could barely hang from the pull up bar because I weighed so much. But over this journey, I saw my weight and body fat percentage go down and slowly I saw that I was able to do one pull up, then two, then three, then four. Today I can do close to twenty pull ups. So pull ups has to be one of my favourite exercises along with cardio.
AAJ Magazine: What are your favourite healthy foods?
Raghbir: I'm a pure vegetarian, so a lot of my diet is a plant based diet and plant based protein. One healthy food I absolutely hated but have now fallen in love with is oatmeal! Some of my other favourite healthy foods are veggie burgers, squash spaghetti, peanut butter.
AAJ Magazine: What are some key tips/advice you have for people who want to lose weight?
Raghbir: My advice to beginners would be to no look at the peak of the mountain because then you'll think to yourself that today is only my first day and I'll never get there. Rather, the best way to look at it is: "One Day At A Time, One Meal At A Time, One Step At A Time!" We ever tend to get discouraged when we first start college. We never say on the first day of college that, "Oh great! I have 4 years to go until I get my Masters, I'm never going to achieve it!" We don't say that. We take it one day at a time, one test at a time, one final at a time and one semester at a time. The same should apply to fitness.


text:
Program Levels
Program Application Process
Audition Process
What is a Dramatic Voice?
Donate to Young Dramatic Voices
Home Audition Process
THE AUDITION PROCESS
The audition committee listens to the recordings submitted by each applicant and makes a short list selection of those they wish to hear in a live audition. Live auditions will take place typically in December for US singers – January for European singers. Singers selected for a live audition will be contacted about potential audition dates and cities.
Occasionally, a singer is accepted on the basis of the recording alone, if the applicant is unable to attend a live audition. But this is the exception rather than the rule.
After the live auditions, applicants will be notified about their acceptance status by the beginning of April.
The Audition Committee: The audition committee is comprised of Dolora Zajick and members from the Board of Directors, from which two to four members will be present at any one live audition.
How long is the audition: The audition will take anywhere from five to fifteen minutes. A pianist will be provided, however, singers may also bring their own pianist should they wish.
A Sample Schedule for a Day
Below is a sample day at the Institute. Although every day starts with body movement for all participants, the classes, coaching, private and group sessions are different each day. Individual programs are posted each day.
9:00 — Body movement
10:00–12:00 — Group classes of acting, Italian, German and English diction, and musicianship
12:00 — Lunch
1:00 — Group warm-up with Dolora Zajick
2:00–6:00 — Private and small group sessions for voice lessons, coachings, scene work, acting, Italian, German, and English diction, and musicianship
Throughout the period of the Institute, the public is offered several opportunities to hear and see the students perform.
Community Concert
Generously hosted by the Steinway Store, this concert features students from the IYDV program performing a selection of arias.
IYDV Faculty offer the public a glimpse into the inner workings of the Institute through three masterclasses.
Final Concert
Three weeks of intense work culminates in a concert of opera highlights presented to the public on the closing Sunday. This is an occasion for family and friends to hear what the students have been doing.
iydvinfo@gmail.com
4635 Longley Lane, Bldg. 109, Reno, NV 89502
Help Support the Institute For Young Dramatic Voices
© Institute for Young Dramatic Voices 2013 to 2018. All Rights Reserved


Mini Militia Army War is a shooting game that pits the user against a horde of enemy soldiers that need to be killed or avoided, using an array of increasingly powerful and impressive weapons.
Mini Militia Army War is a shoot-'em-up war game that pits users against other soldiers. The user is a "wanted man" and must avoid or gun down opposing characters.
Mini Militia Army War is a quality app that seems to work seamlessly, allowing users to move forward, backward and more as they try to destroy opponents and avoid being killed. The graphics, while quite violent, are not particularly realistic, so most young users are not likely to be caught up in problems of distinguishing fact from fiction. It is somewhat difficult (at least it was for me) to use the on-screen joystick that controls the character's movements-but I'm admittedly not very experienced with this type of game. The game would benefit from an explanation for parents detailing the advantages of play as well as the policy on in-app purchases.
This app is not intended to be educational.
Mini Militia Army War is relatively simplistic as such games go, with a rather one-dimensional storyline for the main character. Level one consists of a forward-backward city street with opponents that come across the screen trying to shoot the main character. The main character can shoot them, lob a grenade, or jump over them. There are a few obstacles that must be jumped to move past them, and the character can land (or hide) on a few rooftops or alcoves above street level. The developers note that there are 12 levels with increasingly difficult challenges better weapons, including automatic rifles, helicopters, and so forth. These are available in exchange for earned coins in the game or through in-app purchases. Players can also purchase (with real money) an ads-free play experience. The game does connect to social media and the Game Center for competitive play.
This game is free on the App Store, and can be played again and again at least at lower levels by watching advertisements to gain extra lives.
This app has numerous in-app purchases and a lot of outside advertisements. There are unprotected links to social media and other websites. The premise of the game is quite violent, and many parents may not believe it is suitable for younger children.


There's a new trend hitting the Midland capital at the moment, and that is meat. Restaurants are popping up offering fresh cuts of meat fresh off the grill, succulent and thick, ready to take your pennies in exchange for your carnivorous desires. One such place is Viva Brazil, offering an all you can eat meat extravaganza for less than £20. But is it worth it?
A top of Bennet's Hill in Birmingham, Viva Brazil is in hot competition with other eateries in the area. It offers a red/green card system in which you can signal to the waiters whether you're ready to indulge what they have on their skewers or need a break. Being a huge carnivore myself, I eagerly eyed up the food on offer and sat down with my plate ready to dig in!
Now, let's talk about the meat. Generally speaking, it wasn't bad - the food was well cooked and had a good taste but it didn't set my world alight. Some of the seasoned steaks (such as the garlic rump) were over salted and left a bitter taste in the mouth which made you reach for the water, equally some of the smoked dishes were over smoked and dry. I found that if you opted for a rarer cooked steak then it was far more succulent than the other options, but make sure you put in your order with the waiter because medium-rare cooks are few and far between.
We managed to sample around 10 dishes out of the 16 on offer, and I found the cheaper cuts of meat were more freely available. I specially asked for a cut from the leg of lamb and the garlic rump steak, and waited 45 minutes for them to materialise at my table.
In summary, the food was moderately good and was a pleasant afternoon lunch with the boyfriend. The restaurant is smartly decorated, the staff are generally amenable and the cocktails aren't too shabby - but for £20 a head plus drinks, you can get a much tastier meal at the other restaurants on Bennet's Hill.


2018 CHEVROLET EXPRESS G2500 Extended for sale in Delaware OH!
2018 Chevrolet Express 2500 Extended cargo van. 6 cylinder. Runs and drives beautifully! Power locks and windows. AM/FM radio, OnStar capable, plenty of outlets for mobile devices. Bulkhead. BALANCE OF FACTORY WARRANTY REMAINING. Completly serviced and inspected, ready for work!


text:
Explore never before seen documents in a new exhibit coming to Bishop Hill
Steeple Building Museum in Bishop Hill, Illinois.
The Bishop Hill Heritage Association is unveiling a new exhibit this July.
Colony Papers, an exhibit displaying original Bishop Hill Colony documents from the early to mid-1800's, will open July 1 at 11am in the Steeple Building Museum.
The artifacts in the exhibit have never been seen by the public before, but many have been source materials for a variety of books and articles written about Bishop Hill, and give a look back in time to life in the Bishop Hill Colony. Once such document is a ledger from 1863 listing Bishop Hill men who were either eligible for military service or who were currently serving with Union Forces in the Civil War.
The exhibit will run through October 31, 2020.
The Steeple Building Museum is located at 103 North Bishop Hill Street. Visitors to the museum are asked to follow social distancing guidelines and to wear a mask in the museum.
Colony paper money
Thomson Prison holding career fair
The United States Penitentiary in Thomson, Illinois, is holding a career fair for those interested in working with the Federal Bureau of Prisons.
The fair takes place Saturday, January 30, from 9 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. at the Cambria Hotel Bettendorf located at 5061 Competition Drive.
Traffic stop leads to drug arrest of Burlington man
On Saturday around 10:45 p.m., a Henderson County Sheriff's Deputy performed a routine traffic stop on U.S. Route 34 near Stevenson Lake in Gulfport, Illinois.
As a result of the stop, Chaice R. Walter, 41, of Burlington, was arrested for possession of methamphetamine and possession of adult use cannabis in a motor vehicle.
Third person has died from injuries in Bettendorf fire
UPDATE: Mary Wickham, 63, has died from her injuries in the fire, the City of Bettendorf announced Tuesday.
EARLIER UPDATE: Authorities have released the names of the victims in the Thursday's fire in Bettendorf.


"Blending premium content and innovative technology to support student success is core to our mission at SAGE Publishing," commented Michele Sordi, Sr. Vice President and Head of U.S. College. "We are committed to finding new ways to engage students, transforming the traditional textbook reading experience to an interactive learning experience."
"We're thrilled to be offering SAGE Publishing's titles on the Perusall platform for classes everywhere (see perusall.com)," commented Gary King, Co-founder of Perusall and Weatherhead University Professor at Harvard University. "SAGE's cutting-edge content and Perusall's cutting-edge technology work together to ensure that each student learns more and all students come to class prepared."
"Student Confusion Reports" for professors - one-page summaries of concepts and passages students had trouble with or most engaged with, along with selected examples of the best annotations.
Sordi continued, "By encouraging rich discussions before entering the classroom, instructors can extend teaching opportunities and make more effective use of class time. We are excited to be partnering with Perusall to enhance the value of SAGE content with the power of collaboration and social learning. "
More information about the partnership and a full list of titles offered through SAGE is available here.


Article is devoted to a problem of activization of independent work of students of technical university. It is shown that among a set of Internet resources it is almost impossible to find what completely reflects the maintenance of a concrete subject of studied discipline. Need of development of author's electronic educational resources which will meet the set requirements locates. The structure and the maintenance of a resource, and also results of approbation is given in real educational process.


text:
Goločelo (izvirno ) je naselje v Srbiji, ki upravno spada pod Občino Koceljeva; slednja pa je del Mačvanskega upravnega okraja.

Demografija
V naselju živi 492 polnoletnih prebivalcev, pri čemer je njihova povprečna starost 44,9 let (43,8 pri moških in 46,0 pri ženskah). Naselje ima 183 gospodinjstev, pri čemer je povprečno število članov na gospodinjstvo 3,19.

To naselje je, glede na rezultate popisa iz leta 2002, večinoma srbsko, a v času zadnjih treh popisov je opazno zmanjšanje števila prebivalcev.

Viri in opombe

Glej tudi
 seznam naselij v Srbiji

Naselja Mačvanskega upravnega okraja

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia