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IFAQs: Seeker Crime, Targath, and the Dreaming Dark
Posted on November 9, 2021 by Keith Baker
October was a chaotic month for many reasons, and I'm also preparing for Pax Unplugged—my first convention in almost two years! As a result I haven't been able to write much for the last few weeks. There's an article on The Mockery in the works, but for now I wanted to share a few questions posed by my Patreon supporters last month.
Is there crime in Seeker towns and villages? Since the overall theme of the Blood of Vol seems to be "we only have each other/self-improvement" at it's most altruistic, I wonder if the usual trigger for crime (lack of resources/access and a submarket growing to fill need) exists in a community that's living very community minded.
All of the major religions of Eberron encourage strong communities. The Silver Flame encourages people to stand together in the face of supernatural threats, and to try to fight human evil with compassion and by example. The Blood of Vol teaches that we face a hostile universe and cruel gods and all we have is one another. The Sovereign Host urges us to obey Aureon's laws, while Boldrei binds a community together. But within any community, not everyone will hold to one of these faiths, and even those who do may not live up to the ideals of their faith… or interpret them generously. There are many faiths in our world that encourage compassion and charity; but not everyone who follows those faiths shares their possessions with the poor. And this doesn't begin to deal with crimes of passion and other unpremeditated crime. Beyond this, there's the possibility of a Seeker criminal who emphasizes breaking the laws of the land to get the people of their community the things they need; there's also a practice common in many grifter communities of only targeting outsiders. Everyone knows Joey is a pickpocket, but they also know he only targets tourists and adventurers passing through, so that's fine; he may even tithe part of his take to the local church.
So I don't think I'd say "There is no crime in Seeker communities." Instead, I'd consider how crime might evolve in such a community—IE criminals who are acting in the best interests of the community or targeting outsiders—and also consider the likelihood that as with Karrnath in general, the forces of the law might be especially ruthless in a Seeker community; if you DO choose to prey upon your community, they'll make a harsh example of you. This would actually be a potential contrast between Seekers and the Silver Flame. The Flame encourages us to show compassion and inspire by example—so you want to show mercy to the criminal and try to guide them to the light. I can see Seekers being considerably more pragmatic; if you prey on your community, you've made your choice and will suffer the consequences. The Silver Flame believes that noble souls strengthen the Flame after death, and thus tries to guide people to the light; the Blood of Vol knows this life is all we have and won't waste time with such notions.
Targath doesn't get much mention after being floated as a resource for periapts of health, reducing the risk of disease, and as a weapon against deathless in ECS. Since it's a resource found in Northern Argonnessen do you have any thoughts for ways the dragons, Seren, and dragonborn could make use of targath for both benign purposes and as a weapon?
Targath is an exotic metal introduced in the 3.5 EBerron Campaign setting, along with byreshk, bronzewood, and others. Part of the point of targath is that it's an exotic metal almost completely unknown in Khorvaire, and mined and used by a civilization that is all but unknown and dramatically more advanced than Khorvaire. in this, it is quite similar to vibranium in the Marvel Universe—a wondrous substance, but one the common people know almost nothing about, encountered in the weapons of champions. Odds are good that only a handful of sages and artificers in Khorvaire have even encountered targath, and those who have only in weapons recovered from remnants of the Dragonborn Empire or Seren champions. The Aereni are familiar with it, but for obvious reasons they would have no reason to encourage knowledge of it or spread it around. Among other things, this makes it a fun "miracle substance" for PC artificers to "discover"—WE know it just as a set of game mechanics, but for the PC artificer it's a source of unknown potential and an obvious "power component" they could use to create items like a periapt of health. Even the Dragonborn of Q'barra have no traffic with Argonnessen, so their Targath items would be the regalia of champions, handed down over the course of thousands of years. Essentially, the point is that this is one way to concretely identify an item as belonging to the Trothlorsvek; it's made from a metal unknown on Khorvaire.
Looking to the Serens, the question is whether the metal can be found on the islands, or only on mainland Argonnessen. If it's on the islands, the Serens may use it in many ways, likely incorporating it into unenchanted decorations and ornaments. This could imbue a general degree of health across their population, even without the full effect of a magic item. The Serens aren't an advanced culture, so I wouldn't expect to see a lot of exotic mystical uses, but they may also have items given to them by their draconic patrons. As for the dragons, keep in mind that Targath is like dragonshards: it's an exotic material that doesn't exist in our world but that channels a particular form of mystical energy in undefined ways. It's especially tied to HEALTH, so amulets of health and periapts of wound closure are obvious. But a belt of giant strength, armor of poison resistance, or cloak of protection forged in Argonnessen could all be described as having Targath strands woven through them. Potions of healing from Argonnessen could be identified by the traces of Targath infused into the potion, and it could be this that allows Argonnessen to produce potions of supreme healing, potions of longevity, and elixirs of health.
Ultimately, it's an exotic substance that allows an alien culture to produce wonders we can't produce in the Five Nations; you can work it into any sort of magical effect associated with supernatural health.
How suspicious are the major nations of Riedra beyond what you'd usually expect of a nation looking at another nation whose intentions you're not fully sure of?
Well, let's compare Aerenal and Riedra. Both are distant nations. Both are isolationist cultures that don't allow outsiders to freely travel through their lands. Both are older than Galifar and have rigid traditions. Both claim to have leaders who possess divine powers. Keep in mind that aside from its conflict with the Kalashtar, Riedra has never been a conquering power; it arose from the Sundering when the Inspired UNITED the common people to bring an end to the vicious conflict between the warring nations. So again, Riedra is older than Galifar, but has never engaged in any sort of obviously hostile action against Khorvaire. It's been a reliable trade partner and has helped multiple nations over the course of the war. What reason is there to BE suspicious of it? The people of Khorvaire may find Riedran customs to be strange and oppressive, but overall the RIEDRANS are content; so again, what reason is there to be suspicious of them? And if there IS reason to be suspicious, would those same suspicions be applied to Aerenal? WE know about the Dreaming Dark and Riedran aspirations. But part of the point of the Dreaming Dark is that it can be a disruptive force in Khorvaire without directly employing Riedran agents. if anything, the main reason to BE suspicious of Riedra is that it's TOO GOOD TO BE TRUE… it's TOO friendly. Why were they so willing to help out Khorvaire during the war? Why aren't they interested in spreading their culture or beliefs to Khorvaire? Why don't they want outsiders roaming unrestricted in their lands?
So on a high level no one is particularly suspicious of either Riedra or Aerenal, because both are isolationist powers that don't actually seem to WANT anything from Khorvaire. However, there may be INDIVIDUALS—spies, ministers, sages—who have personal suspicions and gut feelings they're trying to justify. On the other hand, the Dreaming Dark can use dream manipulation to help improve their image. It's amazing how many people have dreams about helpful, friendly Riedrans…
If the players found a way into Dal Quor, and took the fight to Tirashana (a powerful agent of the Dreaming Dark) in her home plane, where might they find her?
I think the main question is whether she's expecting company. if so, I'd expect her to build her lair from the nightmares of the adventurers who are pursuing her. Dal Quor is a mutable reality, so her lair could include the childhood home of one of the adventurers, or the prisoner of war camp they were in during the Last War, or the site of a tragic loss. I'd look to the book/movie IT as a possible source of inspiration, in terms of what it means to attack a mistress of nightmares in the seat of her power. Likewise, you might want to read The Gates of Night, which has some general inspiration for adventures in Dal Quor. But the key point is that I would build her lair from the nightmares of the player characters. And to do that, I'd personally ask the players to help shape it. I'd ask THEM to tell me what's so scary or creepy about a scene—because they know better than you what their character would find terrifying. One of the greatest strengths of RPGs is that they are COLLABORATIVE. Especially when it comes to horror, each player knows better than you what they would find terrifying and entertaining—and likewise, they know better than you the lines they don't want to cross and the things they DON'T want to experience in a story.
Could describe your ideas for a Quori of Sloth? How would they effect dreamers? What is their position and role in hierarchy of Dreaming Dark?
"Sloth" isn't quite the right word for a quori. The general idea is that quori specialize in developing and manipulating particular emotions or moods. So the key is that this quori—which I'll call the Lluora—doesn't embody sloth itself; rather, it specializes in SAPPING MOTIVATION. Consider all the tools of procrastination—creating distracting tasks or options; causing the mortal to endlessly question their decisions, paralyzing them with self-doubt; causing them to question their end goal; encouraging Whataboutism and "Why bother doing anything when nothing will ever really change?" I don't think they'd be common. One possibility is that they'd be a sort of jailor, trapping mortals in their own mental prisons and preventing them from ever building up the motivation to escape. Another is that they'd advise kalaraq, suggesting ways to undermine mortal motivation.
So in short, the Lluora is a quori spirit that specializes in creating doubt, undermining self esteem, and similar tools. "Why bother doing anything at all?"
That's all for now! Thanks again to my Patreon supporters for asking interesting questions and for making these articles possible!
This entry was posted in Eberron FAQ, Gaming Features and tagged Blood of Vol, dreaming dark, Eberron, targath by Keith Baker. Bookmark the permalink.
23 thoughts on "IFAQs: Seeker Crime, Targath, and the Dreaming Dark"
Jarrod Taylor on November 9, 2021 at 5:09 pm said:
A medical facility in Argonnessen having targath worked into the pillars of the building would be very neat… or maybe a Chamber agent helps to make such a Jorasco facility and tension ensues when the Undying ambassador has to visit!
Thanks, Keith!
Earth Seraph Edna on November 9, 2021 at 5:18 pm said:
What can you tell us about the Devourer of Dreams? We know that he is the kalaraq leader of the Dreaming Dark, that he is the closest to il-Lashtavar, and that Sharadhuna of the Thousand Eyes suspects an ulterior motive to his proliferation of hanbalani altas monoliths.
What else is there to know about him? What can he do that other kalaraqs cannot, and how strong is he compared to other kalaraqs?
Keith Baker on November 9, 2021 at 5:30 pm said:
What can you tell us about the Devourer of Dreams?
This is a great question to pose on Patreon! This article reposts questions I've already answered on Patreon; unfortunately, I don't have time right now to answer entirely new questions. Hopefully that will change soon, but for now my time is very limited.
How comfortable are Riedran Inspired ambassadors in explaining that they are inhabited by il-altas spirits? Do they have an elaborate mythology that lionizes and sanitizes the tsoreva caste, the tsucora caste, the du'ulora caste (e.g. "spirits of righteous battle"), and so on?
Do Riedran Inspired ambassadors freely discuss psionic powers with the people of Khorvaire? Do they offer to teach psionics to those Khorvairians with latent psionic potential?
Are Riedran Inspired ambassadors willing to trade, pomow, crysteel, sentira, and the like? Would, say, House Cannith have a use for Riedra-imported crysteel and sentira?
Does Riedra send ambassadors to Aerenal, knowing that elves cannot dream and are therefore immune to most of the Dreaming Dark's tricks?
Matthew Brady on November 9, 2021 at 5:58 pm said:
"To date, the Inspired have kept their distance from the lands of the dragons and the Undying Court. Interactions generally occur on foreign soil, either in the courts of Khorvaire or in Stormreach on Xen'drik. No hostility is apparent between these powers, but the ancient elves and mighty dragons watch the Inspired with great interest. Perhaps their inaction means that they're unaware of the quori agenda, or perhaps they feel that they have nothing to fear from the outsiders."
-Secrets of Sarlona, pg 58
Ben on November 10, 2021 at 12:17 am said:
In addition to what you shared, the lack of reciprocal representation of an Aereni or Valenar embassy in Riedra further supports this:
"The Jhodra also contains a number of embassies. To date, Aundair, Breland, Karrnath, the Mror Holds, Q'barra, and Zilargo have established consulates in Dar Jin. The Inspired have not yet extended an invitation to the elves of Aerenal or Valenar. The Thousand Eyes keeps a very sharp watch on these embassies. As a result, the ambassadors might turn to unfamiliar faces—such as adventurers—if they need to engage in subterfuge."
-Secrets of Sarlona, p. 73
A few quick answers; I don't have time to elaborate further.
How comfortable are Riedran Inspired ambassadors in explaining that they are inhabited by il-altas spirits?
Entirely comfortable. It's a foundational part of their culture and something they are proud of. Plus, by coming right out and saying "We are possessed by benevolent spirits" they head off anyone saying "You seem to be possessed."
Do they have an elaborate mythology that lionizes and sanitizes the tsoreva caste…
I don't think it's necessary. The principle of the il-Altas is that they are ascended mortal spirits. They certainly could come up with an elaborate system like this, but by invoking the names of quori spirits, they run into the risk of, say, Khorvairian scholars saying "Hey, wait! The il-Altas have the same names as quori!" They say they are possessed by the il-Altas, not by quori; I don't think they need to try and whitewash the quori as part of this.
Do Riedran Inspired ambassadors freely discuss psionic powers with the people of Khorvaire?
Sort of? They generally explain their superior mental powers as gifts of the il-Altas. They don't hide that they have these powers, but they don't engage in scientific discussions of the nature and potential of psionics with sages from Khorvaire, no.
Do they offer to teach psionics to those Khorvairians with latent psionic potential?
DEFINITELY NOT. They don't even teach psionics to Riedrans unless those Riedrans are directly serving the state; why would they teach random outsiders? On the other hand, THE DREAMING DARK will absolutely teach psionics to people of Khorvaire who can serve as useful tools, as seen in canon with the Sovereign Swords and a certain compromised dragonmark house in Sharn.
Are Riedran Inspired ambassadors willing to trade, pomow, crysteel, sentira, and the like?
I don't think they're entirely opposed to the idea, but I also think they prefer to trade mundane goods rather than to expose unique resources that could give them the edge should there be any sort of future conflict. Essentially, there is a clear tactical advantage for them to use a form of magic that potential enemies don't understand. House Cannith might well have a use for sentira… but does it benefit Riedra to have Cannith understanding sentira and unlocking its mysteries?
This is addressed on page 58 of Secrets of Sarlona: "To date, the Inspired have kept their distance from the lands of the dragons and the Undying Court."
Do mortals in planes other than the Material Plane dream? Do animals/beasts dream? Do people who are petrified, in temporal stasis, frozen in ice in Risia, etc. dream?
Previous answer when you asked 5 months ago
"Mortal beasts on Eberron dream. Note, among other things, that the Dream spell isn't limited to humanoids; it only excludes creatures specifically called out as not dreaming, such as elves. So, yes, beasts dream. However, I would say that as with Speak With Animals, "the knowledge and awareness of many beasts is limited by their intelligence" — and that this is further exacerbated by the fact that most creatures don't actually remember their dreams. So there are limits to the degree that a beast can be manipulated through its dreams, just as there's limits as to what you can get out of speaking to a beast with Speak with Animals. This relates to the point that quori possession only works on humanoids; I'd say that the mind of the beast isn't capable of supporting the quori spirit. On the other hand, if I wanted to use this idea in a story, I'd create a new form of lesser quori that specifically manipulates the dreams of beasts. i wouldn't allow a quori to mind seed a beast; the original 3.5 Mind Seed could only target humanoids, and I see no reason to change that.
Re: Petrification, etc, my personal ruling would be NO: that to dream you have to SLEEP, and a creature that is in stasis or petrified isn't SLEEPING. A comatose creature who is physically asleep could be dreaming, but when all biological processes are frozen that also prevents dreaming. With that said, I think the idea of dreaming statues is INTERESTING and I might allow it for a specific form of petrification — for example, the standard Flesh to Stone spell wouldn't allow dreaming, but a creature petrified by Orlassk WOULD continue to dream (emphasizing the unusual and unpredictable nature of the daelkyr)."
RebeccaG on November 9, 2021 at 5:52 pm said:
You said that the Silver Flame communities are more about showing a convict the way back to the right path. Would you see this more in a Therapudic way? By which I mean would Thrane and other Church of the Silver Flame communities favor rehabilitation facilities and/or community service over incarceration or physical punishment? I could see an interesting potential story or Character in the vein of "My Name Is Earl" wherein a convict must help a certain number of people to be freed of their criminal status.
My Name is Earl would be an interesting basis for a Thranish morality tale, perhaps there were a series of "medieval morality play" style performances in Thrane's culture which are all about a thief turning his life around . . .
By which I mean would Thrane and other Church of the Silver Flame communities favor rehabilitation facilities and/or community service over incarceration or physical punishment?
Definitely. Again, this is a distinct difference between Thrane and Karrnath; Thrane will focus on the idea of guiding people back to the light, while Karrnath focuses on harsh punishments and object lessons.
The Bard on November 9, 2021 at 6:24 pm said:
How aware is Aerenal of the Dreaming Dark? I assume quori cannot manipulate elves seeing as they do not sleep, but does the Undying Cort or the Sibling Kings even know of the Dreaming Dark?
Keith Baker on November 11, 2021 at 12:56 am said:
Personally, I see no reason to say that the Aereni would know about the Dreaming Dark. Given that the elves don't dream and that the quori have avoided interacting with Aerenal, and that the Undying Court is an isolationist force with little interest in other cultures, why does it make sense for them to be aware of it? And more important, would Aerenal knowing about the Dreaming Dark somehow make a better story than having them be ignorant of it? Generally, I think it's more interesting for the player characters to have to work to expose the DD, rather than having a member of the Cairdal Blades say "Oh, are you talking about the Dreaming Dark? We've known about them for centuries, it just never seemed important."
Nym on November 11, 2021 at 2:50 pm said:
I think an interesting campaign arc for an Aereni group would be to have them look into Sarlona to expand; Sarlona is full of manifest zones (including many Irian zones) so one could say that the Court realizes that they can no longer allow for worthy candidates to become Deathless and to avoid the social unrest the best option would be to create a new court in a strong new Irian zones, maybe in Syrkarn.
Heck it would probably be an even better campaign for Riedran adventurers! Suddenly the quori would lose quite a few of their options in dealing with the threat of an Aereni colony right at their footstep which might mean they need to deploy local troops to interact with the colonists directly.
John on November 11, 2021 at 12:47 am said:
Looking forward to seeing your panel at PAX. =)
Jacktoland on November 11, 2021 at 11:39 pm said:
I know this is unrelated, but FTR, i think the way yugoloths are potrayed in Eberron is very sloppy. As far as i know, yugoloths are meant to be the sadistic citizens of Mabar, and if you fall in with them you'll go down the path of misery.
This is EXTREMELY boring if you ask me. I've always seen yugoloths as being an exiting wild card, the brutal uncaring side of evil, as evidenced by the masked or faceless appearance of ultroloths or mezzoloths, the sort of evil you see in Fiddler on the Roof or a WWIII film about the Holocaust. Making yugoloths simply evil through and through gives them the exact problem that devils have in dnd, it's common knowledge that you shouldn't deal with them, who would trust a creature that is native to the plane of innate evil?
The sort of fiend I think would work better would be demodands, the evil jailors of Carceri. They would make much more sense, they fit into the idea of a sadistic and cruel race already as they are commonly portrayed as infernal jailors of various damned souls. They'd make sense on Mabar.
And seriously, I think yugoloths would make much more sense on Shavarath. Where do mercenary fiends go? Oh yes, where the eternal war is. I'd imagine if they were there they'd be fulfilling the treacherous or untrustorthy soldiers for hire that every great war needs, that they'd regularly show up on Syrania for a grand time.
Matthew Brady on November 12, 2021 at 5:13 am said:
Further reading on Mabar might be required. Where yugoloths are extremely boring in normal D&D (another shade of fiend) Exploring Eberron notes them as Mabar's version of consumed immortals. As shadows are to mortals, so yugoloths are to angels and demons. They are not mercenaries in Eberron, so being on Shavarath would require going backward, returning to previous lore from other non-Eberron settings.
Feel free to return to the comfort zone of other settings in your own Eberron of course.
Jacktoland on November 12, 2021 at 10:55 am said:
Fair, i think I probably will. maybe it's childish, but I don't really mind that much.
Nym on November 12, 2021 at 6:39 am said:
I think the general idea is that Keith is just using existing immortals/outsiders as stat blocks. While with other races he considers their existing lore and tries to take a novel approach that resonates with the abilities of specific creatures, the outsiders of D&D are deeply tied into the Great Wheel. The demons of Eberron are not tanar'ri; they are just an umbrella term for chaotic evil creatures of the thirteen planes. They don't spontaneously form from the Abyss, they are definitely not infinite, they have no Court of Woe, fight no Blood War or try to bond with layers of the Abyss to become demon princes. I guess he could, if he wanted, maintain their racial identity and treat them as a whole instead of individual creatures but this has not been the approach so far to my knowledge.
Now if we HAD to keep the outsider races as a concept, I'd have that be Khyber's work. For instance she could have made different batches of creatures to populate the planes, each with a different main purpose, who would then have adapted to the individual planes accordingly. But that would also create spades of new lore to account for how their hierarchy, birth, evolution and diversification work.
Heck I think a simulationist would have had completely different stat blocks for every creature in each plane that shares the same block now. The way I see it a Fernian Balor is not the same creature as a Shavarath Balor, they just share a stat block for convenience. They are probably not even both called balors (well given how powerful balors are, they are likely individuals anyway).
So in the end I think if Keith focused on yugoloths he would not focus on them as a race but on the individual creatures, taking into account the abilities that each one of them has and building a story for them based on that.
Fair enough, but i still think they're a bit underused.
Nym on November 12, 2021 at 11:44 am said:
You could say that for Yugoloths across all editions tbh. The amount of pages spent developing the tanar'ri and baatezu is an order of magnitude greater than the 'loths get. In 3.5 both of them got entire books, plus significant space in BovD, plus far more in space across Monster Manuals or Dragon articles and Dungeon adventures (just think of the multitude of Princes and Lords compared to the 'loths having the General and the Oinoloth and no other real higher ups). Heck 4E turned them into a demon subrace. Even before that outside of Planescape they were never given much time.
Keith Baker on November 12, 2021 at 4:47 pm said:
I think the general idea is that Keith is just using existing immortals/outsiders as stat blocks… So in the end I think if Keith focused on yugoloths he would not focus on them as a race but on the individual creatures, taking into account the abilities that each one of them has and building a story for them based on that.
That's correct. Keep in mind that just like devils and demons, yugoloths aren't tied to any single plane. Devils embody principles of law and evil; demons embody principles of chaos and evil; yugoloths embody evil unswayed by law or chaos. They are the primary denizens of Mabar for that reason, as Mabar is the end of all things and cares nothing for law or chaos. But there easily could be a brigade of yugoloths in Shavarath who stand between Tyranny and Cruelty; the point is that those yugoloths aren't mercenaries from Mabar, they're yugoloths spawned by Shavarath to embody those principle.
Beyond that, there's more to the story of the yugoloths of Mabar than "if you fall in with them you'll be miserable." As Matthew says, they are to other immortals as shadows are to humans; they are celestials and fiends who have themselves been consumed and reshaped by despair and entropy. To the question of "Who would trust a creature from a plane of innate evil" most of the people of Eberron have no idea what a yugoloth is, and most of the time a yugoloth doesn't give its victim a choice. Yugoloths don't pop up on Eberron and say "Hi! How'd you like to do something with me? Trust me, it won't make you miserable!" Instead, they manipulate people through their shadows in Mabar; per ExE, "By shaping a mortal's shadow, a fiend can fill that
mortal with despair or drive them down dark paths."
Matthew brings up another key point: if you prefer the lore of other settings, then use it. Eberron offers alternatives. We present gnolls that don't serve demons, gnomes that aren't tinkers, yugoloths that aren't mercenaries… because if you WANT demonic gnolls, tinker gnomes, and mercenary yugoloths you already have them from other settings. Your campaign is your Eberron. Canon Eberron is just a starting point, and ExE isn't even canon! Tell the story you want to tell.


text:
The  is a railway line in Kyoto that was opened on 5 October 1989 by the Keihan Electric Railway. The Ōtō Line re-established a rail connection between the Keihan Main Line and the Eizan Electric Railway, which had been severed when the Kyoto City streetcars ceased running in 1978. The line is operated as an extension of the Keihan Main Line. All trains continue into the Keihan Main Line and Keihan Nakanoshima Line in Osaka.

The double-track line is situated below Kawabata Street, along the left (eastern) bank of the Kamo River. Despite its length of 2.3 km, it serves as an important transport corridor in central Kyoto.

Overview
The route name is derived the line's route on the east shore of Kamo River. It is constructed under Kawabata Street along the Kamo River as an underground extension of the Keihan Main Line. The line is only 2.3 km long but serves as an important transport corridor in central Kyoto.

Addition fares
To recover the cost of construction and interest payments (69 billion yen) of the line, a surcharge of 60 yen is added on top of regular fares when a trip uses the line. The recovery rate at the end of FY2016 was 31.8%; most of it recovered by the 60 yen surcharge. It is undecided whether the additional surcharge will be imposed indefinitely.

History
August 29, 1924: Kyoto Electric Light (predecessor of the Keifuku Electric Railway) acquired a license for laying local railways between Demachiyanagi and Sanjo.

April 10, 1950: Keihan Electric Railway established the Ōtō Line Construction Preparation Committee.

July 1, 1972: Kamogawa Electric Railway was established.

February 20, 1974: Provincial railway laying licence between the Keifuku Electric Railway

February 25, 1974:  Kamogawa Electric Railway acquires a license for laying a local railway between Demachiyanagi and Sanjo.

November 30, 1984: A groundbreaking ceremony was held at the Ōtō Line construction work.

April 1, 1989: Keihan Electric Railway merges with Kamogawa Electric Railway.

October 5, 1989: Opened as Ōtō Line. The timetable revision accompanying this has been carried out ahead of September 27, until noon October 5 was operated as a forwarding train in the Ōtō Line.

October 19, 2008: Because there is a station of the same name on the Kyoto Municipal Subway Karasuma Line, the Marutamachi Station of this line is renamed to Jingu-Marutamachi Station.

December 5, 2015: ATS operation begins on the Ōtō Line.

Stations and connections

References

This article incorporates material from the corresponding article in the Japanese Wikipedia

Oto Line
Rail transport in Kyoto Prefecture
Standard gauge railways in Japan
1989 establishments in Japan
Railway lines opened in 1989

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Evropaiko Komma (Ευρωπαϊκό Κόμμα, abgekürzt Ευρωκό, Evroko, übersetzt: Europäische Partei) war eine politische Partei in der Republik Zypern. Sie entstand 2005 aus den Parteien Neue Horizonte und Europäische Demokratie. Parteivorsitzender war Demetris Syllouris. 2016 ging sie in der neuen Partei Kinima Allilengyi ("Bewegung Solidarität") auf.

Evroko galt wie ihre Vorgängerparteien als eine der am stärksten nationalistischen, anti-türkischen und fremdenfeindlichen Parteien des griechisch-zypriotischen Landesteils. Sie nahm eine harte Linie im Zypernkonflikt ein und lehnte den inzwischen gescheiterten Annan-Plan ab. Stattdessen befürwortete sie eine "europäische Lösung", bei der Demokratie und Grundrechte auf Zypern durch die Europäische Union garantiert würden. In ihren Wahlkampagnen bediente sich Evroko fremdenfeindlicher Ressentiments, indem sie die Befürchtung schürte, Zyperngriechen konnten zur Minderheit im eigenen Land werden und kriminelle, illegale Ausländer würden ihnen die Arbeitsplätze wegnehmen.

Die Partei war Mitglied der Europäischen Demokratischen Partei.

Vorgängerparteien

Gia tin Evropi / Evropaiki Dimokratia
Die Vereinigung Gia tin Evropi (GTE, Για την Ευρώπη, Deutsch: Für Europa) spaltete sich 2004 von der konservativen Dimokratikos Synagermos (DISY) ab. Gegründet wurde Für Europa vom ehemaligen DISY-Vorsitzenden Yiannakis Matsis, der im Gegensatz zur DISY den Annan-Plan zur Wiedervereinigung Zyperns nicht unterstützt. Für Europa trat zur Europawahl 2004 an, wo sie 10,8 % der Stimmen erreichte und Matsis ins Europaparlament gewählt wurde.

Am 30. Juni 2004 wurde Für Europa in die Partei Evropaiki Dimokratia (EvroDi, Για την Ευρώπη, Deutsch: Europäische Demokratie) umgewandelt. Erster Parteipräsident wurde Prodromos Prodromou.

Ein Teil der Partei machte die Fusion mit Neue Horizonte nicht mit und trat bei der Parlamentswahl 2006 an, erreichte mit 0,4 % der Stimmen kein Mandat. Der verbleibende Rest der Partei fusionierte im Jahr 2008 mit der DISY.

Wahlergebnisse

Neoi Orizontes
Neoi Orizontes (Νέοι Ορίζοντες, Deutsch: Neue Horizonte) trat erstmals bei der Parlamentswahl 1996 an und erreichte 1,7 % der Stimmen. Bei der Wahl 2001 konnte man sich auf 3,0 % steigern und zog mit einem Sitz ins Parlament ein. Die Partei strebte ein einheitliches Zypern an und lehnte eine Föderationslösung ab. Sie wurde als radikal rechtspopulistisch beschrieben.

Wahlergebnisse

Wahlen
Bei der Parlamentswahl im Mai 2006 erhielt die Europäische Partei 5,75 % und drei Sitze. Bei der Europawahl 2009 erreichte die Partei 4,1 % und verlor den von Für Europa gewonnenen Sitz. Bei der Parlamentswahl 2011 verlor Evroko weiter Stimmen und erreichte 3,88 % und zwei Mandate. Einer der beiden Abgeordneten verließ 2013 die Partei.

Wahlergebnisse

Einzelnachweise

Historische Partei (Republik Zypern)
Gegründet 2005
Aufgelöst 2016


Gallstones are common but don't cause any symptoms in two out of three people who have them. They sometimes cause problems such as pain, jaundice, pancreatitis, and gallbladder inflammation. Surgery is usually recommended for gallstones that cause symptoms. Mr Allenby-Smith performs surgery for gall stones but is also an expert in endoscopic therapy called ERCP. Further detail about Gallstones is available at http://www.patient.co.uk/health/gallstones-leaflet or please follow the link below for Mr Allenby-Smith's information sheet on surgery for Gallstones.


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Q: Generating depth map with panda3d I need to generate test data for 3d reconstruction code. For this I decided to use panda3d. I am able to create simple app and see the scene. Now I need to create depth map for the scene, i.e. for each pixel on the screen I need to calculate depth, i.e. distance from camera to the closest object in the 3d space (moving perpendicularly to camera plane). What API functions are more suitable for that?

A: This is in principle similar to shadow mapping, as demonstrated in the advanced shadow sample.  You will need to create an offscreen buffer and camera to render the depth buffer.  Note that unless you use an orthographic lens, the resulting depth values will not be linear and will need to be transformed to a linear value using the near and far values of the lens.  The near and far distances should be configured such as to get the desired range of depth values.
Alternatively, you can use a shader to write the appropriate distance values into the colour buffer, which is particularly useful if you want to store distance values of a perspective camera without having to undo the perspective projection later, or if you want to store the original world-space positions.
If you want to be able to access the values on the CPU, you will need to use the RTM_copy_ram value instead of RTM_bind_or_copy when binding your texture to tell Panda3D to transfer the results of rendering the buffer to CPU-accessible memory.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Mr. Downey is the Senior Vice-President of Constantine Engineering and a Senior Process Engineer. Mr. Downey has more than 30 years of direct design and construction experience on projects ranging from water and wastewater utility systems, commercial buildings, land development and industrial process design.
Mr. Downey's professional expertise is designing, permitting, constructing and operating water and wastewater utility systems, including pumping stations, water treatment plants, water mains, storage tanks, gravity collection sewers, wastewater biological processes, nutrient removal, and solids management.
Mr. Downey has more than 25 years of direct design and installation experience with commercial buildings, land development, utility systems and industrial process design. He also possesses extensive experience in all phases of commercial design and construction, water and wastewater system design and water treatment processes, land development planning, construction and operation of water supply and distribution systems and wastewater collection systems, and natural gas distribution design. Mr. Downey has authored and presented papers at several national and regional conferences.


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Home › News › Mob vote during Minecraft Live
Minecraft Live is your chance to choose their next mob
by Loredana Harsana
Loredana is a passionate writer with a keen interest in PC software and technology. She started off writing about mobile phones back when Samsung Galaxy S II was on top of the world and...	Read more
Posted: Sep 28, 2020
Minecraft Live is around the corner and you'll play an important role in choosing the next mob.
Make your decision between a unique sea creature, an ice pillager, and a four-legged flower.
Do your very best to improve your gaming skills by taking a closer look at our Gaming section.
Lastly, bookmark this News Hub to make sure that you get the chance to see all fresh stories.
Minecraft announced their next big event – the streaming of Minecraft Live. This will take place on Saturday, October 3rd, at 9:00 PDT / 12:00 EDT on a selection of official platforms.
In spite of not revealing any specific details on the actual broadcast format, we do know a few things about what's to come.
For example, viewers will have the chance to vote for a new Minecraft mob during the streaming. Since the event will take place remotely, you'll have to log on to Twitter and vote in the poll.
Which are the Minecraft mobs that you can pick from?
There's only one vote for each of you and no less than three tempting choices, including a bioluminescent sea creature, an ice pillager, and a four-legged flower.
Glow Squid was added to the Minecraft Earth app in February of this year. As a shiny swimmer, it stays in deep waters and it drops ink sacs. However, chances are that the glowing version may also turn into a surface world source of Glowstone. Therefore, give it your vote of confidence!
Iceologer is a hostile mob who made its appearance in the recently released Minecraft Dungeons DLC, Creeping Winter. With a hilarious mission to summon large blocks of ice to drop on players' heads, it seems to be the ideal choice if you dream of endless snowball fights with a stunning view.
Moobloom was previously seen in Minecraft Earth. This time, though, there's a variant of the Mooshroom in the cards, with flowers instead of fungi.
Mojang most likely has resources ready for all three mobs, yet your vote will determine which one is coming first.
The runners-up have their chance to join the base game in future updates, yet are will willing to let others make the call for you?
PlayStation Minecrafters get VR support
Besides the usual details regarding future updates, the latest news on the game itself, and an interactive mobs vote, you'll also be able to choose between two VR modes in the near future.
They include Immersive and Living Room on PlayStation, along with the option to tweak your VR settings for increased comfort.
Even if the usual Minecraft Festival has been delayed to an as-yet-unknown 2022 date, don't hesitate to enjoy the upcoming live event.
You'll have a chance to pick your favorite mob and prove your skills at handling VR.
Minecraft Issues
FIX: Minecraft settings not saving in Windows 11
If Minecraft settings are not saving in Windows 11, go to your Minecraft folder directory and check if you have the Options.txt file. Read More
Fix the Minecraft Launcher not working on Windows 11
If the Minecraft Launcher won't open in Windows 11, try clean-booting Windows and deleting the launcher profiles file as outlined here. Read More
How to play Minecraft cross-platform on PC and Xbox
Can you cross-play Minecraft with Xbox One gamers? Yes, you can do it natively as long as you have the Better Together update installed. Read More
Self-hosted Minecraft servers are facing a new ransomware threat: Khonsari
Microsoft urges admins of self-hosted Minecraft servers to upgrade to the latest release to defend against the Khonsari ransomware. Read More

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Morgan dollars were discovered in government vaults in the 1960s and sold through a major promotional campaign held by the General Services Administration (GSA) from the late 1960s through early 1980s. These so-called GSA Morgan dollars were packaged in hard plastic cases emblazoned with a special GSA logo, while others were sold in pliable cellophane packages that include a special GSA plastic token.
Nearly 3 million Morgan dollars of various dates – the vast majority from the Carson City Mint – were sold in the GSA program. However, not all GSA Morgan dollars are equally common. For example, there were more than 600,000 examples for each the 1882-CC, 1883-CC, and 1884-CC Morgan dollars sold in the GSA program. Conversely, there were fewer than 4,000 examples of the 1890-CC and just over 5,600 of the 1891-CC.
There is certainly intrinsic numismatic value in the GSA-sold Morgan dollars regardless of whether or not they're still in original GSA plastic packaging. However, the GSA packaging has become increasingly desirable in the marketplace, and collectors and dealers are taking greater care to keep these coins in their original government packaging, even in cases where the coins themselves might grade particularly high on the 1-70 Sheldon grading scale. Major third-party grading firms have taken note of this movement and now offer grading and certification services for GSA Morgan dollars that allow for the coins to be kept in their plastic packaging.


I am just going to thread dig this thing up out of its resting place to ask, does anyone have a list of lengths for the different coilpacks mentioned here?
I have been recommended to use the Yaris coil packs on my 1G that I am deleting the dizzy from for purposes of neatness and sequential injection in my 2 door ke70 sedan.
I just wanted to compare some lengths and see what would sit the neatest in the 1g Valley.
Sq engineering does a real nice plate to keep them neat.


As we like to emphasize here with some regularity, the highly processed food grown in nutrient-depleted soil that many of us eat is a far cry from the nutritionally robust, locally grown diet that was the norm prior to the industrialization of the agricultural world. Despite a fairly arid climate, ancient Greek warrior societies like Sparta were incredibly self-sufficient. While the food they consumed was largely simple, it was highly nutritious.
Greeks were both adept hunters as well as heavily invested in raising livestock. As such, the typical Greek diet consisted of plenty of pigs, goat and sheep alongside more gamey meat like wild boar and rabbit. Given their access to the sea, fish constituted a fairly meaningful part of their diets as well (though this could vary on a city-by-city basis). Both the amount and diversity of meat and fish consumed ensured that ancient Greek warriors had plenty of protein and healthy fats that would sustain them through their arduous training schedules, and further ensured they could recover and build the sort of lean, functional muscle and strength they were to become known for the world over. Somewhat interestingly, the kind of red meat that we most commonly associate coming from animals like cow and bison was largely absent.
Different types of meat have more nutritional merit than others, but a long-held belief within the nutritional community is that diversity in the foods we eat is important in optimizing our bodies (unfortunately deep fried food and dessert probably don't make the cut as it relates to this rule). So if you've previously assiduously adhered to a white meat-only diet you may want to try incorporating – in small doses – a little increased diversity.
Within the Spartan community in particular, a black viscous soup was considered a staple of the diet. It was believed to be a source of nutrition and a key piece of sustenance. The broth consisted of pigs' legs, salt, vinegar and blood. No precise recipe remains today, though the recent resurgence in popularity of bone broth in large part for its many positive effects on health and well-being may provide some clues as to why this was viewed as such a fundamental part of the Spartan diet. Bone broth provides gelatin which promotes gut health, glucosamine for joint health, collagen for joints and skin, glycine for mental acuity and a whole medley of minerals which all support strong bones, robust energy and a healthy immune system. It should come as no surprise this would become a staple of the warrior diet.
While bread was not a staple of their diet in the same way that protein-rich foods were, there was a fair amount of barley-based bread. This should come as no surprise to anyone exercising a significant amount, as you need to have plenty of glycogen to burn as energy. The bread commonly eaten by ancient Greeks, however, likely differed pretty drastically from what you and I would most commonly associate with bread. It was far coarser and lacked the huge amount of chemicals and preservatives that give modern bread the ability to sit on a shelf for days without mold, all the while tasting fresh and doughy. As such, their bread may have been a good deal less tasty but significantly better processed by the body. Our advice: bread, if active, can absolutely have a place in the diet, but keep it small and be very mindful of exactly what sort of bread you're eating. There are better sources of carbohydrates than bread that ancient Greeks simply may not have had access to, and we generally advocate for those instead.
While it is much reviled by many in Western nutrition, dairy had an important place within Greek diets – it was a key source of fat in a time when people were not constantly eating deep fried food and other artificially fattened livestock and the like. It is easy to see how when we take away the huge amount of artificial sources of fat in our diets, that dairy could actually fill an important nutritional need. Today, however, few of us need even more fat in our diets, and many in the nutrition world are advocating for less dairy intake, and for good reason.
To learn more about the customized nutritional solutions that WellPath provides click here.


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Dungeon Explorer: Warriors of Ancient Arts Alternatives for Nintendo 3DS
Dungeon Explorer: Warriors of Ancient Arts
Dungeon Explorer: Warriors of Ancient Arts is an Action Role-playing and Single-player video game takes place in the fantasy world, developed and published by Hudson Soft. The game brings both Single-player and Multiplayer modes to players, and it serves as a pair of two video games for PlayStation Portable and Nintendo DS… read more
ActionRPG
DS PSP
All (25) PC (18) Mac OS (7) PS Vita (1) PS3 (8) PS4 (4) PSP (1) Xbox 360 (9) Xbox One (3) Nintendo 3DS (1) Nintendo Wii U (1) Steam (7)
Games Like Dungeon Explorer: Warriors of Ancient Arts for Nintendo 3DS
1. Conception 2: Children of the Seven Stars
Conception 2: Children of the Seven Stars by Spike Chunsoft is an Action-RPG video game. The game focuses on the character named as Wake Archus who becomes the ultimate Monster Hunter and the savior of the realm after finding out the Star God Sign on his hand and the death of his sister by the monsters. Wake gets into the school of individuals like him and starts enhancing his abilities to get deep into the Dusk Circles (The place where monsters appear) and kill the monsters. Because of the high amount of Ether in his body, his ability to go into the labyrinths of Dusk Circles and using the Star Energy makes him God's Gift and he becomes famous all around. By creating the Star Child with the help of an S-rank female student, Wake ultimately gets able to eliminate all the monsters and dark forces once and for all. You are required to act as Wake Archus and complete the game objectives. With a number of great quests, amazing combats with monsters, hardcore action and thrill based game-play and wonderful visuals, Conception 2: Children of the Seven Stars is a great RPG game to play and enjoy.
More About Dungeon Explorer: Warriors of Ancient Arts
Dungeon Explorer: Warriors of Ancient Arts is an Action Role-playing and Single-player video game takes place in the fantasy world, developed and published by Hudson Soft. The game brings both Single-player and Multiplayer modes to players, and it serves as a pair of two video games for PlayStation Portable and Nintendo DS. It introduces a wireless feature to allow players to connect to each other. The storyline takes place in the dungeons, and each dungeon will be unlocked after several quests are accomplished by obtaining plates and can be leveled up by using jewels, called plates. There are many levels, and each level is tough than the previous one and can be chosen at any provided time. At the specific point, the dungeon level progression system is fended off, until an item known as a Sirius Jewel is obtained. Dungeon Explorer: Warriors of Ancient Arts includes key features such as Third-person Action, Explore Dungeons, complete a set of Quests, Mini-map, Obtain Items, and more.
3D Combat Hack n Slash Single-Player
Conception 2: Children of the Seven Stars
Harvest Moon: Tree of Tranquility
O2Jam
Rune Factory 3: A Fantasy Harvest Moon
AJ Jump: Animal Jam Kangaroos


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91 Dead in Patna-Indore Express Tragedy
Police and locals during rescue operations at the site of accident in Pukhrayan near Kanpur.
At least 91 were killed and more than 100 wounded when 14 coaches of the Indore-Patna Express derailed near Pukhrayan in Kanpur early Sunday. The death toll is expected to rise.
Union railway minister Suresh Prabhu has ordered an enquiry into the accident and has assured "strictest action" against those found responsible for the mishap.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi, home minister Rajnath Singh and Uttar Pradesh CM Akhilesh Yadav were also monitoring the situation closely.
While the cause of the accident was not immediately known, the heavy toll is comparable to many other railway accidents in the country in the recent past.
Here are five deadliest train accidents in India in the last five years:
■ March 20, 2015: At least thirty-eight people died and more than 150 injured when the Dehradun-Varanasi Janata Express derailed near Bachhrawan in Uttar Pradesh
■ May 26, 2014: Twenty-two people lost their lives when the Gorakhdham Express came on the same track as a freight train and rammed into it near Khalilabad station in Sant Kabir Nagar district in Uttar Pradesh. Over 50 were injured.
■ May 4, 2014: At least 20 people were killed and about 100 injured when the Diva Junction-Sawantwadi passenger train derailed between Nagothane and Roha stations in Maharashtra's Raigad district.
■ December 28, 2013: Twenty six people were killed in the Bangalore-Nanded Express train in Anantpur district of Andhra Pradesh after a fire broke out in an AC 3-tier coach. 54 passengers were expected to be on board in the B1 coach completely gutted in the fire.
■ July 30, 2012: Thirty-five passengers were burnt to death and at least 25 injured when a coach of the New Delhi-Chennai Tamil Nadu Express caught fire near Nellore in Andhra Pradesh.


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DXC brings unmatched expertise and innovation to help transform your Digital Business. As one of IBM's Top System Integration Partners, DXC works with IBM to jointly create solutions aimed at driving innovation using IBM core technologies and platforms.
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French, German banks top poll of bank mobile apps
Caroline Allen
The mobile applications of Deutsche Bank and the French bank Caisse d'Epargne come out as winners in a benchmarking of a total of almost 200 mobile apps, offered by the world´s top 50 banks.
The mobile applications of Deutsche Bank and the French bank Caisse d'Epargne come out as winners in a benchmarking of a total of almost 200 mobile apps, offered by the world´s top 50 banks.
In the MyPrivateBanking survey Deutsche Bank's apps scored especially well for the comprehensive content and the integration with other online media like Facebook, Twitter and the bank's own website.
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Caisse d'Epargne came out on top because of excellent functionality and clear app design. Scoring 40 points out of 60 with just a single app, Bank of China is the winner in the category of best standalone banking app. Only one US-based bank has made it into the Top10 of the ranking.
The report Mobile Apps in Banking analyses in detail the strengths and weaknesses of the mobile applications of the 50 largest banks worldwide. In total almost 200 mobile apps were evaluated along 46 criteria; for each bank the user-friendliness of its mobile apps, the quality of the content and functionality as well as the integration of other media is rated.
Top 10 Banks with the best mobile apps offerings (overall 50 banks ranked)
Rank Bank Total Points (max. 100)
1 Caisse d'Epargne 50
1 Deutsche Bank 50
3 Bradesco 49
4 DBS Bank 47
5 ING Groep 47
6 Citibank 46
7 Société Générale 46
8 UniCredit 45
9 Banco Bilbao Viz. Arg. 44
10 Credit Agricole 44
Average Points 35
(all 50 banks)
The report concludes that the mobile revolution has reached the banking industry, but development is still only at a very immature stage. About two thirds of the banks analyzed offer only very basic banking apps with limited functionality and little content.


Yeah, but: We can't all want Swiss Champs.
The Long Version: I tried to use the Explorer, I really did. I've been reviewing a different Swiss Army Knife each month, which gives me a reason for a little variety in what I carry. But the Explorer is a thick four-layer knife, and it's just too bulky for me to like. I ended up carrying it in my backpack instead of in my pocket, and unsurprisingly, it saw very little use.
The Explorer is remarkable for adding a really excellent in-line Philips screwdriver and a magnifying glass to the foundational SAK toolset. Large blade, small blade, scissors, can and bottle openers, corkscrew, awl, and hook – no nail file, but otherwise it's a very complete kit. The Explorer really is an iconic Swiss Army Knife.
But aside from the magnifying glass, it doesn't have any core capabilities that the two-layer Compact doesn't have, and it even lacks a few tricks. Yes, the Explorer's dedicated openers and screwdriver do work better than the combo tool, but I carry a SAK for contingencies, not in place of a proper toolkit.
The screwdriver really defines the Explorer for me. The Victorinox in-line Philips is vastly more useful than the backside driver, and it even has a ninety degree detent position, so it can beat the T-handle configuration for both power and ergonomics. Its asymmetric handle still isn't as nice as a proper screwdriver, but it really is usable for more than the quick turns that the backside driver or combo tool are good for.
Those who like the bigger tools – anyone who aspires to a Swiss Champ – will be very happy with it. Having it kept my "I Own A Swiss Army Knife" checkbox ticked for more than a decade; I even bought two other large knives simply because that's the form factor that I always expected a SAK to have. Bought, but not carried, just like the Explorer.
Even though I prefer the single and two-layer knives for everyday carry, It's still good to have the Explorer for the times when I need more than my Tinker but not something as heavy as a pliers-based multitool.
Thanks for showing the Explorer. My favourite SAK knives have the Philips bit in line. M.E.C. carried them for years, but don't any longer according to a worker at the Burlington Store.
This combination is so important to me that I keep a spare SAK handy.
I'm lucky enough to have one of the rare Victorinox stores just down the street from where I live. The next time I want a new knife, but don't have a specific model in mind, I'll probably head in and see what's in stock with the LED light and in-line screwdriver combination.
Thanks for your comments, including those about the V1. The one here is #750 for this site, too, which is fairly cool.
I like what you do!
I bought my Billingham Hadley Pro after reading your review. I had considered one for a while. I already had a Hadley Digital--check it out! It's an incredible little bag. May I say: www.rangefinderstore.com local to us, in Burlington.
Business days I used an F2, then an F3HP+motor drive. Leica M3/M4P. That's long since past. I regret not getting into medium format, so I enjoy your talks about your endeavours.
I've tried simplifying my life. Concentrating on "being there" but lightening the load.
I've enjoyed my little N1V1. My Wife thinks I'm nuts. Her travel zoom is much better. But my, she takes great images!
Yes, it's thicker than I like. However, it's a great every day carry SAK for me in spite of that.
Thanks for your review. Reading it, I realized how much I like this SAK and bought a spare.


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Q: Static synchronized method java Following code gives a fixed output as 400000000 whereas when I am removing static keyword from synchronized addOne method I am getting random output any integer less that 400000000.
Can anyone please explain that ?
public class ThreadTest extends Thread{

public static int sharedVar = 0;

private static synchronized void addOne()
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 200000000; i++)
    {
        sharedVar++;
    }
}

@Override
public void run()
{
    addOne();
}

public static void main(String[] args)
{
    ThreadTest mt1 = new ThreadTest();
    ThreadTest mt2 = new ThreadTest();
    try
    {
        // wait for the threads
        mt1.start();
        mt2.start();
        mt1.join();
        mt2.join();
        System.out.println(sharedVar);
    }
    catch (InterruptedException e1)
    {
        e1.printStackTrace();
    }
}
}

A: Change your addOne() method slightly, as shown below to understand the behavior.
private static synchronized void addOne() {
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        sharedVar++;
        try {
            Thread.sleep(100);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        }
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }
}

with static the output is:
Thread-0
Thread-0
Thread-0
Thread-0
Thread-0
Thread-1
Thread-1
Thread-1
Thread-1
Thread-1

without static the output is:
Thread-0
Thread-1
Thread-0
Thread-1
Thread-0
Thread-1
Thread-1
Thread-0
Thread-0
Thread-1

If you need more info to understand it, then please refer oracle thread synchronization tutorial.

A: When a method is static, it essentially belongs to the class definition; so when multiple instances of the class call the method, they're all pointing towards that one static representation. When it's not static, it's useful to think of the method belonging to all of the individual instances of that class.
In terms of your application, when the method isn't static, you synchronize along an instance's method only, and not a 'shared' method. When it comes to running your Threads, they both find that they immediately have access to both of their respective methods as you only achieve synchronization on the runtime instance. In this respect, if you wanted to call addOne() from different Threads on the same instance, that would prevent race conditions. However in your application you're trying to synchronize along a global variable, not the members of a runtime instance, so the method should either remain static or your shared data should be moved to a shared object that may be synchronized upon.


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Балыкча́ (южноалт. Балыкчы — рыбак) — село в Улаганском районе Республики Алтай России. Административный центр Челушманского сельского поселения.

География
Расположено на реке Чулышман, в 8—10 (по разным оценкам) километрах от Телецкого озера. Расстояние до районного центра Улаган около 120 километров.

Климат
В климатическом отношении Балыкча является одним из самых благоприятных мест Алтая и Западной Сибири. Среднегодовая температура здесь превышает +7,0 °C, , что примерно соответствует среднегодовой температуре лесостепной полосы Русской равнины между городами Харьков и Саратов. Переход средней суточной температуры воздуха через 0° в Балыкче наступает весной 25 марта, а осенью — 2 ноября. Ввиду частых тёплых фёнов (местное название — «верховка»), дующих вниз по долине Чулышмана, годовая амплитуда колебаний температуры воздуха в Балыкче относительно невелика (66 градусов Цельсия), что идентично годовой амплитуде в приморской Керчи, что свидетельствует о невысоком (для Сибири) уровне континентальности климата. Как и в Керчи, среднегодовое количество осадков в Балыкче невелико: лишь около 400 мм в год. Большую часть года здесь преобладает сухая, солнечная и относительно тёплая погода, которая особенно благоприятна для садоводства и виноградарства. Средняя температура января: −8,1 °C, июля: +18,1 °C. Среднегодовое количество осадков невелико — порядка 500 мм. Из-за частых фёнов, дующих до 150 дней в году, снега здесь мало и он быстро тает. Успешно акклиматизированы абрикосы, виноград, яблони, груши и прочие садовые культуры юга европейской России.

Инфраструктура
Работает мобильная связь «МТС». Действует православный храм во имя Благовещения Пресвятой Богородицы, построенный в память о закрытом в Гражданскую войну Чулышманском Благовещенском монастыре.

Примечания

Населённые пункты Улаганского района


The 2018 KS Range Schools are 4 months away!
The West or Mid & Short Grass School is scheduled for August 7-9 at Ringneck Ranch near Tipton, KS, for directions Google "Ringneck Ranch Pheasant Hunting". The East or Tallgrass School is scheduled for August 21-23 at Camp Wood YMCA near Elmdale, KS.
The theme for both schools this year is "Managing Challenges, Opportunities or Disasters for Successful Ranching". There will be rancher and expert panels that will talk about how to plan for droughts, disasters like wildfires and how to care for your greatest ranching asset, your native grasslands.
Besides learning plant identification, how to figure stocking rates, how to monitor vegetation response, write a drought mitigation plan (and use it) and the rest of basics needed to manage your rangeland, there will be ranchers and natural resource professionals talking with you about how to plan ahead for whatever nature or market forces bring to your ranching enterprise and how to respond to keep your rangeland health high and your livestock productive.
Learn more at our website, KGLC.org or email barth.crouch@gmail.com or call 785-452-0780 but please register before July 23rd.


The last joint supplement your pet will ever need, Bonnie & Clyde's Joint Health Complex is a powerful, research-based blend of natural source ingredients providing all synthesis of fur an derivatives the protection and joint support benefits your pets need to live a full and active lifestyle. We have now placed Twitpic in an archived state Bacteria Single cell organisms and most prevalent essay on i love clean school id form of vdi in a box case studies life on Earth. However, at this time we know very little. Taurine (/ ˈ t ɔː r iː n /), or 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, is an organic compound that is widely distributed in animal tissues. (August synthesis of fur an derivatives 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message. Ribosomes, the sites of protein synthesis, are found free in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, through which materials are transported throughout the cell. When sunlight of the ultraviolet-B (UVB) wavelength strikes the dissertation coaching services skin, it is absorbed by 7-dehydrocholesterol, a steroid and precursor to cholesterol, splitting digital campaigns case studies open one of its carbon rings and thus converting it into synthesis of fur an derivatives the secosteroid previtamin D 3.While 7-dehydrocholesterol is terrorism research paper introduction outline tucked tightly critical analysis dissertation within the lipids of new article summary format skin. It is a major constituent of bile and can be found in the large intestine, and accounts for up to 0.1% of total human body weight.Taurine is named after the Latin taurus (a cognate of the Greek ταῦρος) which means bull or ox, as it was first isolated from. Dec 17, 2006 · Sidebar: GST and More Software ten years from now sample essay about yourself is designed to provide you with a precis example writing article simple solution to your GST compliance issues Vitamin free thesis writing services K is a fat-soluble vitamin.Originally identified for its role in the process of blood clot formation ("K" is derived from the German word "koagulation"), vitamin K is essential homework pros and cons essays for the functioning of several proteins involved in physiological processes that synthesis of fur an derivatives encompass, but are not limited to, the regulation of blood clotting (coagulation) From vatalanib synthesis of dibenzalacetone Grams to Tons: "Using volatile additives to alter the morphology and performance of active layers in thin-film molecular photovoltaic devices incorporating bulk synthesis of fur an derivatives heterojunctions". It is a major constituent of bile and can be found in the large intestine, and accounts for up to 0.1% of total human body weight.Taurine is named after the Latin taurus (a cognate of the Greek ταῦρος) which means bull or ox, as it was first isolated from. It is a major constituent of bile and can be found in the large intestine, and second grade writing paper with picture space accounts anukool lakhina thesis builder for up to 0.1% of total human body weight.Taurine is named after synthesis of fur an derivatives the Latin taurus (a cognate of the Greek ταῦρος) which means bull or ox, as it was key phrases for french essays online first isolated from. (August 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template synthesis of fur an derivatives message.


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Q: Mongo Storage Engine from mmap to wiredTiger We have a mongo(v3.0.3) database->collections which is in mmap storage engine.
We are trying to change it to wiredtiger
we tried the process below.But we still see the same old storage engine
http://docs.mongodb.org/master/release-notes/3.0-upgrade/#change-storage-engine-to-wiredtiger
Can some one help us with the steps to follow in migrating?
When I restore data it gives the below error messages
mongorestore --collection testCollections --db TestDataBase /backup/TestDataBase/testCollections.bson

error: E11000 duplicate key error index: TestDataBase.testCollections.$_id_ dup key: { : ObjectId('55f50ea2f7ec8be2e035800f') }

A: That error implies there is already data in TestDataBase.testCollections. You might consider using the --drop option:

Before restoring the collections from the dumped backup, drops the collections from the target database. --drop does not drop collections that are not in the backup.
When the restore includes the admin database, mongorestore with --drop removes all user credentials and replaces them with the users defined in the dump file. Therefore, in systems with authorization enabled, mongorestore must be able to authenticate to an existing user and to a user defined in the dump file. If mongorestore can't authenticate to a user defined in the dump file, the restoration process will fail, leaving an empty database.


Clean and simple is the order of the day in the DVNT Frame Tee. The bold, black print against the crisp white makes for a stand-out t-shirt. We are wearing ours with cuffed chinos and vans.
Our model is wearing a size medium t-shirt, and usually takes a size medium shirt. He is 189cm tall with a 99cm chest and a 30 inch (78cm) waist. Please refer to the sizing chart for exact garment measurements.


in New York State is an acquittal, NOT a conviction.
As offered to Amari Meader on Jan. 31, 1997, with the photograph above. This PDF is a scan of a copy shared by my mother, Jean Saunders, with my attorneys following the arson -- she included a document I had prepared to research TV/TG/TS for a murder mystery I was writing back in 1990?
You're looking at the deep wellsprings of The Plot.
I'm pretty sure that Susan had no idea I was about to get wrecked on hallucinogens… and neither did I!
"A Three-Way Train Wreck on P450IID6"
The web page with information on my Adverse Drug Reaction of Jan-Feb 1997, including the abstracts accompanying my "To Whom It May Concern" submission linked below.
Documents intended to aid in diagnosis and prepare my case.
Are they entirely correct? No.
Are they complete, truthful, and informative? Yes.
In this document prepared for Linda Riley, LCSW, of TCMH, I told the truth; it garnered zero attention from OMH clinicians.
I refrained from telling the whole truth, out of embarrassment… and a desire to protect others. I am done with that, because too many others are being harmed by our "mental health system."
My fruitless attempt to let the OMH know they're screwing up, including my fresh analysis of my psychosis of Jan-Feb 1997 as the consequence of an adverse drug reaction.
I tried to get across the idea that I was a pretty decent programmer… but the "experts" of the OMH generally had no clue that I was a hacker/entrepreneur, rather than an ultra-capitalist?
"YOU'RE SO SMART, WHY AIN'T YOU RICH?"
The official pamphlet explaining my rights, which were violated as a matter of routine. My markings on it, made at the time, indicate exactly how much use to me these rights were.
My attempt to lodge a complaint against Dr. April Roberts for her false witness in court evaporated when I was found to suffer from a "dangerous mental illness" in the Recommitment hearing of 5/24/14 in the court of Judge Rowley, and subsequently transferred to the Rochester Regional Forensic Unit.
but those who deal truly are his delight.
"What transsexualism is not … It is not a mental illness."
My testimony before the court of Judge Rowley.
My transcript of the testimony for the prosecution was lost; my notes are a reasonably accurate record of their statements.
I only found out how badly screwed up the records from 1998 were following my institutionalization in 2003.
NOTE - My comments here were written at a time when I was regarded as "delusional!"
These are the kind of records from which Asst. AG Carol Cocchiola drew her ideas about my "history".
What did I receive in return as I was telling the truth?
While this… is the real me.
Playing guitar is like telling the truth.
You never have to worry about repeating the same lie if you told the truth.
You don't have to pretend or cover up.
If someone asks you again you don't have to think about it or worry about it.


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Q: How to secure private class field with PHP OO? How to secure private class field with PHP OO? I don't want to make private class field $a public, but when I do something like that:
class Hidden {
   private $a = 'Very important, hidden variable';
   protected $b = 'secret';
}
$obj = new Hidden();
$c = (array)$obj;
print_r($c);

$a is available for everybody:
Array ( [Hiddena] => Very important, hidden variable [*b] => secret )

A: Perhaps you could elaborate on your concerns and give an example of a scenario where an attacker could exploit this condition in your specific case, since if anybody is able to inject PHP code into your application, you have a big problem anyway.
Access modifiers in OOP are about encapsulation, not actual security. With private, you prevent other developers from unintentionally accessing the fields, not malicious code or potential attackers.
For this reason, SecureString was introduced in C#. To emulate something like this in PHP, you'd have to store an encrypted value in $a and keep the key in a "secure" location which nobody who has the power to execute print_r or var_dump can access (file, DB). But then again, anybody who can print_r your object, can probably do file_get_contents on the key file.


A Letter to My Dog – Market with a B.
A collection of touching and humorous letters in which dog owners express their thoughts and feelings to their dogs. Included are famous dog lovers Oprah Winfrey and Tony Bennett. Photographs by Robin Layton. 180 pgs.


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Zimbabwe to play South Africa emerging side in five one dayers from May 18
Zimbabwe celebrate after winning the Africa region qualifier at home. © ICC
Zimbabwe will play five one dayers against South Africa emerging side at the Queens Sports Club in Bulawayo between May 18 to 26, Zimbabwe Cricket (ZC) announced on Tuesday (May 11).
Zimbabwe haven't played international cricket since winning ICC Women's T20 World Cup Africa Region Qualifier in May 2019. They were barred from playing T20 World Cup Qualifier in Scotland in after ICC suspended ZC in July 2019 and were replaced by Namibia in the tournament. Since returning from suspension, their series against Namibia was cancelled due to the closure of borders in Zimbabwe owing to COVID-19.
"The matches will be played behind closed doors at Queens Sports Club, with no spectators allowed in the stadium due to Covid-19 protocols," ZC said in a statement.
ALSO READ: Scotland to tour Ireland for a four-match T20I series; Kathryn Bryce to lead 14-member squad
Zimbabwe were last seen in action when they took on Pakistan in a 50-over match at the Harare Sports Club in February this year. They were supposed to return to international cricket with a three match T20I series against the same side, but the visitors had to leave the country after the first one dayer with international fights being temporarily suspended.
Zimbabwe will be part of T20 World Cup Africa Region Qualifer 2021 along with Cameroon, Namibia, Nigeria, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Uganda and Botswana that's set to start in August. They are also part of the Cricket World Cup Qualifier 2021 that's scheduled to be played in Sri Lanka in December.
South Africa emerging side recently toured Bangladesh and lost the series 4-0 against the hosts' emerging side before heading home after the final match was cancelled due to the the travel restrictions that were in place in Bangladesh due to COVID-19
#Zimbabwe #Ireland #South Africa Emerging tour of Zimbabwe, 2021 #South Africa #Namibia #ICC #Zimbabwe Cricket


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Showing posts with label HBCU. Show all posts
The Parent Plus Program was a policy blunder that hurts low-income and African American families: Shut It down
Our government's Parent PLUS Program is an insidious scheme to lure low-income parents into taking out student loans so their kids can go to colleges they can't afford.
Insider Higher Ed's Kery Murakami tells the story of Ewan Johnson, whose mother owes $150,000 in Parent PLUS loans--money she borrowed so her son could get a degree from Temple University in strategic communications and political science.
As Johnson related, he comes from "a low economic background." Will his mother will ever pay off her Parent PLUS loans? I doubt it.
Johnson's mother is one of 3.6 million parents who collectively owe more than $96 billion in Parent PLUS loans. For the most part, parents aren't taking out these loans so their kids can attend elite
private schools like Harvard. "Rather," as Wall Street Journal reporters Andrea Fuller and Josh Mitchell observed, "they include art schools, historically Black colleges and private colleges where parents are borrowing nearly six-figure amounts to fulfill their children's college dreams . . "
Indeed, African American parents are hurt the most by the Parent PLUS Program. The WSJ reported that 20 percent of African American parents who took out Parent PLUS loans in 2003-2004 defaulted on their loans by 2015.
Default rates for some colleges are exceptionally high. A New America study found that 30 percent of Parent PLUS borrowers at 15 institutions default within two years!
Should all this debt--nearly $100 billion--be forgiven? President Biden proposes to knock $10,000 off of every federal student loan, but it is unclear with his plan includes people with Parent PLUS loans.
Policymakers worry that forgiving all Parent PLUS debt will unfairly benefit wealthy families who have the resources to pay back their loans. Sandy Baum, a student-loan expert, said that forgiving all Parent PLUS debt would be "outrageous."
Hardly anyone suggests that we just eliminate this dodgy government boondoggle that exploits low-income and minority families.
So why don't we just make one straightforward reform? Let's allow parents who wrecked their financial futures so their kids could attend the wrong college to discharge their Parent PLUS loans in bankruptcy.
Labels: African-American parents, Andrea Fuller, HBCU, Insider Higher Ed, Josh Mitchell, Kery Murakami, Parent Plus loans, Sandy Baum, student-loan bankruptcy
Parent Plus Loans at Historically Black Colleges: Should Parents Jeopardize Their Financial Future so their Children Can Go to an HBCU?
Andrea Fuller and Josh Mitchell of the Wall Street Journal have done some excellent reporting over the years on the student-loan crisis. Fuller and Miller recently published a WSJ article about poor and middle-class parents who take on substantial debt to help pay their children's college expenses. Most of these parents signed up for Parent Plus loans offered by the U.S. Department of Education.
You might think that parents whose children are enrolled at elite private colleges would be the ones with the biggest Parent Plus loans, but you would be wrong. According to Fuller and Mitchell,
The schools with the largest parent debt burdens aren't world-famous Ivy League schools . . . Rather, they include art schools, historically Black colleges and small private colleges where parents are borrowing nearly six-figure amounts to fulfill their children's college dreams . . . .
According to the article, the college where parents borrowed the most money for their children's schooling was Spelman College in Georgia, a historically Black institution. Among parents who took out federal loans for their kids, the average amount was $112,127. Among low-income families, the average amount was more than $83,000.
Keep in mind that the money parents borrow through the Parent Plus program is in addition to the student loans that their children took out themselves.
Fuller and Mitchell's article contains a handy feature that allows readers to type in the name of an American college and learn the average amount of parent debt at that institution. I ran the numbers for some prominent HBCUs, and parent debt at several of these institutions is quite high.
Median By School
All Recipients
Low-Income Recipients
Howard University, DC
Hampton University, VA
Johnson C. Smith University
These numbers are disturbing. Perhaps even more disturbing is the fact that the Wall Street Journal's school-reporting mechanism had no figures at all for several HBCUs. For example, the feature reported no data for Jarvis Christian College in northeastern Texas; Huston-Tillotson University in Austin, Texas; and Miles College in Alabama. All three colleges are HBCUs.
As reported by the Wall Street Journal, 20 percent of African American parents who took out Parent Plus loans in 2003-2004 defaulted on those loans by 2015. In other words, Black parents who take out Parent Plus loans to help their kids pay for college are running a one-in-five chance of being financially ruined.
All progressive-minded people support the historically Black colleges and universities and believe they should be adequately funded. But we should also think about the students who attend HBCUs and their parents as well.
Perhaps the best thing we could do to protect African American parents from risking their own financial security would be to eliminate the Parent Plus loan program altogether.
Labels: Andrea Fuller, HBCU, Historically black colleges and universities, Josh Marshall, Morehouse College, Parent Plus loans, Spelman College, Wall Street Journal


The students are expected to be familiar with the basic results in production and consumer theory, and learn how these results can be derived using duality theory. They should also know the result that a general equilibrium exists, and understand the intuition underlying the main welfare theorems both in general and partial equilibrium analysis. Finally, they will be exposed to the theory of uncertainty, including the axioms of the expected utility theorem.
The students must be able to do basic microeconomic analysis based on techniques from duality theory, including deriving the main results in production and consumer theory. They should be able to do welfare economics without use of marginal conditions. In the theory of uncertainty they should understand the concept of risk aversion as well as the difference between risk and uncertainty.
Bachelors degree in Economics, or equivalent.
ECON2200 – Matematikk 1/Mikro 1 (MM1) (discontinued), ECON3610 – Samfunnsøkonomisk lønnsomhet og økonomisk politikk and ECON3120 – Mathematics 2: Calculus and Linear Algebra / ECON4120 – Mathematics 2: Calculus and Linear Algebra, or equivalent.
Students that do not have the recommended background, can be allowed to take the course, provided that they have a good background in mathematics.
Lectures: 2 hours per week througout the semester.
Seminar: 2 hours per week through parts of the semester.
There might occur weeks exempt from teaching.
The problem set will be given in English. Answers can be given in Norwegian, Swedish, Danish or in English. See § 5.4 in Regulations governing studies and examinations at the University of Oslo.
The Department of Economics has passed following resolution for ECON-courses: It will no longer be possible for candidates to register for an exam in a lower level course after having passed exams in intermediate and advanced level courses in the same subject area (also where there are no pre-requisites that apply to the intermediate course). Further information can be found here.
Students who might wish to retake the exam later, are not guaranteed that the course is ever repeated with a similar reading list, nor that the exam arrangement will be the same.
Exam will be arranged November 23, at 09:00 a.m.


Posted April 5th, 2019 by West and Hill & filed under General News, Staff Members.
The Passive House (Passivhaus) concept was born in Germany. New builds can achieve a 75% reduction in space heating requirements, compared to standard practice. The Passivhaus standard moves in the right direction of achieving 80% carbon reductions that is the legislative target for the UK Government.
Passivhaus certification provides a rigorous quality assurance process verified via independent testing. Certification is available for buildings, specific components, Designers/ Consultants & Tradespeople.


The item Dragon and captain, written by P.R. Allabach ; illustrated by Lucas Turnbloom., (ebook) represents a specific, individual, material embodiment of a distinct intellectual or artistic creation found in Charlotte Mecklenburg Library.
written by P.R. Allabach ; illustrated by Lucas Turnbloom.


Tee-hee! Any guesses where they are?
la. We know Bones is Charlaine Harris favorite vampire. Which one on Mrs.Harris is Cats?
Lol, I like small view into Cat's fangirliness over True Blood, I can just imagine the look Bones must be giving her. I really hope its Tyler she's talking to, I love him!


Cool key holder with Maori carvings.
Beautifully crafted Maori key rack.
Comes with three swamp kauri carvings: tiki, wheku and double twist. Each carving has a little magnet at the back, so they fit perfectly in the key rack.