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Irwell () je řeka, která teče přes stejnojmenné údolí v hrabstvích Lancashire a Greater Manchester v Anglii. Tok řeky tvoří hranici mezi městy Manchester a Salford. Je dlouhá 63 km, pramení u Bacupu a vlévá se do Mersey. Je pozůstatkem mělkých moří, které pokrývaly většinu jihovýchodního Lancashiru v období karbonu. Původ slova "Irwell" není jasný, pravděpodobně anglosaský. Ere-well znamená "šedivé nebo bílé jaro".

Povodí Irwellu bylo jedním z center průmyslové revoluce, což vedlo ke značnému znečištění vody. Dolní tok byl regulován a stal se součástí Manchesterského průplavu. Ve druhé polovině došlo k revitalizaci a řeka složí k rekreaci. Nachází se zde také chráněná oblast Nob End s bohatými porosty vstavačů. Podél řeky vede Irwell Sculpture Trail, která měří 48 km a je nejdelší cestou lemovanou sochami v Anglii. Řeka je známá také díky veslování, již v roce 1861 zde vznikl Agecroft Rowing Club.

Reference

Externí odkazy

Řeky v Anglii
Lancashire
Velký Manchester


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\section{Introduction}\label{sec.intro}

The accretion of gas onto galaxies is regarded as a process fundamental to their formation \citep{Larson1972,ReesOstriker1977} and is required to reconcile the limited cool gas supply in galactic disks with the cosmic star formation history \citep{Kennicutt1983
Wong2004,Prochaska2005}.
Likewise, the star formation activity ($\sim1~M_{\odot}~\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$; \citealt{Robitaille2010}) in the inner Milky Way will consume the available gas on timescales of $\lesssim2$ Gyr, and can be maintained only if the local gas reservoir is replenished \citep{Blitz1996}.
 Recent semi-analytic and cosmological hydrodynamic simulations \citep{Benson2003,Keres2005,Keres2009,DekelBirnboim2006} suggest that the
 requisite baryons are delivered from the intergalactic medium (IGM) or low-mass satellites to high-redshift ($z \gtrsim 2$) galaxies via cool (temperature $\sim 10^4$ K) filaments of dense gas.  At $z < 1$, these filaments are truncated in massive halos, but accretion in the form of dense, cold clouds persists.

In the Milky Way, the accretion of cool gaseous material in high velocity clouds (HVCs) such as the Magellanic Stream is observed directly in 21 cm emission at distances of $5-20$ kpc  (\citealt{Wakker2001,Lockman2008,McClure2008}; Lehner \& Howk 2011).
Previously-expelled material may be recycled to provide additional fuel for star formation (i.e., in a galactic fountain; \citealt{ShapiroField1976,Bregman1980,Marasco2011}), and likely gives rise to intermediate velocity clouds (IVCs) at distances $<5$ kpc \citep{Wakker2001,Bregman2009}.
In addition, nearby spirals exhibit both extraplanar \ion{H}{1} clouds and morphological disturbances which may be attributed to gas infall \citep{Sancisi2008}.
However, the emission from these diffuse structures is difficult to map beyond $\sim250$ Mpc \citep{ALFALFA2010},
and empirical evidence for gas accretion (or re-accretion) onto more distant galaxies is poignantly lacking.

Cool accreting gas which has been enriched to modest metallicities (i.e., $Z\gtrsim0.1Z_{\odot}$) may give rise to absorption in background light sources in rest-frame ultraviolet transitions such as \ion{Mg}{2} $\lambda \lambda 2796, 2803$ or \ion{C}{4} $\lambda \lambda 1548, 1550$.
However, studies of cool gas absorption along the sightlines toward star-forming galaxies have instead reported the ubiquity of outflows at $z\gtrsim1$ \citep{Weiner2009,RubinTKRS2009,Steidel2010}.
In one of the only studies showing evidence for inflows in distant systems, \citet{Sato2009} report \emph{redshifted} \ion{Na}{1} $\lambda \lambda 5890, 5896$ absorption in a sample of red, early-type objects, some of which exhibit line-emission from AGN activity.  Due to the low ionization potential of the \ion{Na}{1} ion (5.1 eV), however, HVC analogs rarely exhibit column densities $N_\mathrm{NaI}>10^{12.5}~\mathrm{cm}^{-2}$ \citep{BenBekhti2008,Richter2011}.
The moderate resolution and S/N spectra of \citet{Sato2009} are therefore likely to be sensitive to $N_\mathrm{HI}\gtrsim10^{20}~\mathrm{cm}^{-2}$ clouds, which are typically found  near (within $< 5$ kpc of) the Galactic disk \citep{Wakker2001,Richter2011}.
\citet{LeFloch2007}, \citet{Ribaudo2011} and \citet{Giavalisco2011} have also recently reported evidence for cool accretion from absorption line analysis, though the latter two detections are tentative.

The lack of evidence for the inflow phenomenon is hardly surprising given that the predicted
covering factor of accreting gas is small \citep[e.g., $< 10\%$ at $z \sim 1.5$;][]{Fumagalli2011}.  Further, as we will demonstrate, studies of cool gas kinematics in galaxy spectra are likely to identify inflows only if they achieve signal-to-noise (S/N) levels adequate for analysis of individual spectra, rather than coadded data.
In this Letter, we report on high-S/N Keck/LRIS spectra of a sample of six star-forming galaxies at $0.35\lesssim z \lesssim1$ found to exhibit inflows traced by \ion{Mg}{2} and/or \ion{Fe}{2} $\lambda \lambda 2586, 2600$ absorption.
We adopt a $\Lambda$CDM cosmology with $H_0=70~\rm km~s^{-1}~Mpc^{-1}$, $\rm \Omega_{M}=0.3$, and $\rm \Omega_{\Lambda} = 0.7$.  Magnitudes are given in the AB system.

\section{Observations}\label{sec.observations}

Our galaxy sample is drawn from a larger, magnitude-limited ($B_\mathrm{AB} < 23$) Keck/LRIS survey of cool gas kinematics in $101 $ galaxies at redshifts $0.3 < z < 1.4$ (Rubin et al.\ 2011, in prep) located in
fields imaged by the \emph{Hubble Space Telescope} Advanced Camera for Surveys
\citep[HST/ACS;][]{Giavalisco2004,Davis2007}.
We derive rest-frame magnitudes and colors from these data and complementary ground-based optical\footnote{www.cfht.hawaii.edu/Science/CFHTLS-DATA/} and near-IR photometry
\citep[Table~1;][]{Kajisawa2011,Wuyts2008} using the code KCORRECT \citep{Blanton2007}.

We obtained spectroscopy of this sample using the Low Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (LRIS) on Keck 1 \citep{Cohen1994}.
We used $0.9\arcsec$ slitlets, and collected between four and eight $\sim 1800\rm~ sec$ exposures with FWHM $\sim 0.6 - 1.4 \arcsec$ seeing between 2008 May 30 UT and 2009 April 3 UT.  Our configuration of the two cameras with the 600/4000 grism, the 600/7500 grating, and the D560 dichroic provided FWHM~$\approx 200-400~ \rm km~s^{-1}$  and wavelength coverage $\lambda \sim 3200 - 8000$~\AA.
The data were reduced using the XIDL LowRedux\footnote{http://www.ucolick.org/$\sim$xavier/LowRedux/} data reduction pipeline.

An iron-clad detection of inflow toward (or outflow from) a galaxy hinges on a precise and accurate determination of the systemic velocity.  We derived redshifts for the galaxies
by calculating the best-fit lag between observed spectra and a linear combination of SDSS galaxy eigenspectra.
We prefer redshift measurements based on stellar absorption,
as they better trace the systemic velocity of the associated ensemble of dark matter and stars.
Therefore, where the stellar continuum S/N is adequate, we mask nebular emission lines in the data prior to redshift fitting.
For EGS12027936, we adopt the redshift measured by the DEEP2 survey \citep{Davis2003}.
From a detailed
analysis of our full LRIS sample, we find an RMS redshift uncertainty of $28{\rm \; km\;s^{-1}}$.

Figure~\ref{fig.zproof} demonstrates the results of the eigenspectra fits for two galaxies in our inflow sample.
Note the offset of the nebular emission ($\sim 50{\rm \; km\;s^{-1}}$), which
is indicative of a difference in the velocities and/or spatial distributions of stars and the interstellar medium (ISM) of these objects.
Figure~\ref{fig.inflows} presents the images and absorption spectra for the
remaining ``inflow'' galaxies.

\begin{figure
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[angle=90,width=\columnwidth]{f1_reduce.eps
\caption[]{Two galaxies with inflows measured with high confidence.  \emph{Panels (a) and (b):} $5\arcsec \times 5\arcsec$ ($\sim30\times30$ kpc) $BVi$ color HST/ACS images.  \emph{Panels (c), (d) and (e):} \ion{Fe}{2} and \ion{Mg}{2} transitions in the galaxy spectra.  Velocities are measured relative to the systemic velocities of the 2600 \AA \ line and the 2803 \AA \ line, respectively, as marked with vertical dotted lines.  Horizontal dashed lines mark the continuum level.  The gray lines show the $1\sigma$ error in each pixel.  \emph{Panels (f) and (g):} sections of the galaxy spectra showing higher-order Balmer transitions and [\ion{O}{2}] emission, with the fitted eigenspectrum template overlaid (red dashed line).
\emph{Panels (h) and (i):} H$\gamma$ and H$\beta$ emission lines in the galaxy spectra.  This emission is offset from the systemic velocity by $\sim50{\rm \; km\;s^{-1}}$ in both galaxies.
\label{fig.zproof}}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[angle=90,width=\columnwidth]{f2_reduce.eps
\caption[]{The remaining four objects in our inflow sample.  \emph{Top:} $BVi$ color HST/ACS images.  \emph{Middle:} \ion{Mg}{2} transitions, with velocities measured relative to the 2803 \AA \ line.  \emph{Bottom:} \ion{Fe}{2} transitions, with velocities measured relative to the 2600 \AA \ line.  Colored curves are marked as in Figure~\ref{fig.zproof}.
\label{fig.inflows}}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

\section{Absorption-Line Analysis}\label{sec.specanalysis}

To assess the signatures of cool gas outflow and inflow, we analyze
the line profiles of the \ion{Mg}{2} and \ion{Fe}{2}
transitions in our spectra (Rubin et al.\ 2011, in prep).  We construct two distinct models:
(1) a single-component model which assumes a Gaussian profile
(parameterized by a centroid, column density $N$, and $b$-value) with
a covering fraction $C_f$ independent of velocity; and (2) a two-component model with one component fixed at systemic and
having $C_f =1$.

We assume that the likelihood function is given by the $\chi^2$ distribution for the model, and sample the posterior probability density function (PPDF) using the Multiple-Try Metropolis Markov Chain Monte Carlo technique \citep{Liu2000} as implemented in ROOT/RooFit, an object-oriented framework written in C++ \citep{BrunRademakers1997}.  Our code calculates the marginalized PPDF for each parameter and the equivalent width (EW) of the model absorption lines.

This analysis has been implemented for our full spectroscopic sample.  While the majority of galaxies exhibit significantly blueshifted absorption indicative of outflows, the model fits for six galaxies indicate redshifted absorption with high probability.  That is,
$>95\%$ of the marginalized PPDF for the one-component model
lies at $>0{\rm \; km\;s^{-1}}$ ($P_\mathrm{in,1}>0.95$) for both \ion{Mg}{2} and
\ion{Fe}{2} profiles where coverage is available.
Table~1 reports $P_\mathrm{in}$ and the fitted velocity offsets
($\Delta v$) and EW for the one-component and
two-component models, subscripted with ``1" and ``2", respectively.

\section{Analysis of the Galaxies}\label{sec.galanalysis}

Figure~\ref{fig.cmdi} shows the rest-frame colors and magnitudes of our six inflow galaxies (large red circles) and the parent spectroscopic sample
(black diamonds; Rubin et al.\ 2011, in prep).  The inflow and parent samples occupy similar areas of the diagram.
Three inflow objects lie in the blue cloud, and have star formation
rates (SFRs) $\sim10 - 40~M_{\odot}~\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$ and stellar
masses $\log M_*/M_{\odot} \sim9.6-10.1$ (Table 1).  The remaining
(redder) objects have low SFRs ($1-2~M_{\odot}~\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$) and lie in
the green valley between the red sequence and the blue cloud.
Because these latter galaxies have disk-like rather than disturbed or early-type morphologies it is likely that these objects appear in the green valley due to enhanced dust reddening and their relatively modest SFRs, rather than the sudden cessation of star formation.
Further, the HST/ACS imaging of these objects suggests the presence of
several compact, star-forming knots in the outskirts of the galactic
disks.
Taken together, the stellar masses ($\log M_*/M_{\odot}\sim10.3 -10.5$), SFRs, optical colors and morphologies of these three galaxies
indicate that they are close analogs to the Milky Way, while the higher-SFR subset of the inflow sample
has slightly lower stellar masses
and more diffuse morphologies.

The distribution of inclinations measured from standard SExtractor
analysis \citep{BertinArnouts1996} among the parent spectroscopic sample (gray) is compared with that of the inflow sample (red) on the right side of Figure~\ref{fig.cmdi}.  All but one of the six inflow galaxies are highly inclined (having $i\gtrsim60^{\circ}$).   The Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test indicates only a 1.1\% probability that the inflow and parent populations are drawn from the same distribution.
Five out of six inflow objects have inclinations close to (within $2^{\circ}$) or greater than the 84th-percentile value of inclination in the larger sample.

\begin{figure
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[angle=90,width=\columnwidth]{f3.eps
\caption[]{\emph{Left:} Rest-frame color-magnitude diagram of our
  sample with inflows (red circles) and without (black diamonds).
The solid line divides the
red sequence in the upper portion of the plot from the blue cloud below
\citep{Willmer2006}.
  Half of the inflow sample are star-forming galaxies in the blue cloud,
  while the other half lie in the green valley.  AEGIS galaxies
  with $0.3 < z < 1.05$ are also shown \citep[gray;][]{Davis2007}.
  \emph{Right:} The
  distribution of inclinations measured from HST/ACS
  imaging
  for the Rubin et al.\ (2011, in prep) sample (gray).  The median and
  $\pm 1\sigma$
  inclinations are marked with dashed lines.
  The distribution of inclinations for
  galaxies exhibiting inflows (red) is skewed to high values (i.e., they are edge-on).
\label{fig.cmdi}}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

\section{Discussion}\label{sec.discussion}

We have discovered a small sample of late-type, highly inclined, star-forming galaxies having SFRs over a wide range whose spectra show evidence for redshifted cool gas absorption.
We interpret these kinematics as evidence for gaseous infall and
discuss these findings in the context of galaxy formation models below, but
first critique alternative explanations.
If a galaxy's motions are dominated by rotation, the ISM absorption
may appear offset from the systemic velocity for an asymmetric gas distribution.
Because this inflow galaxy sample is nearly edge-on, we are particularly
sensitive to velocity offsets in the direction of rotation.  \citet{Weiner2006} analyzed line emission in two-dimensional spectra of two of these objects, finding line-of-sight terminal rotation velocities of $64{\rm \; km\;s^{-1}}$ and $176{\rm \; km\;s^{-1}}$ for TKRS4045 and TKRS4387, respectively.  In an extreme scenario in which all \ion{Mg}{2}-absorbing ISM is located on only the receding side of these galaxies (and therefore has $C_f\sim0.5$), it may appear to be offset in velocity by $\sim30-90{\rm \; km\;s^{-1}}$ from the stellar absorption.  While most of our measured inflow velocities are much larger than $90{\rm \; km\;s^{-1}}$, TKRS4387 has a
$\Delta v_2$ of only $\sim125{\rm \; km\;s^{-1}}$.
However, given the velocity resolution and S/N of our spectra, we would be unlikely to detect this absorption unless it covers well over half ($\gtrsim70\%$) of the galaxy continuum (i.e., unless the profile is sufficiently deep).
A spurious inflow signature could additionally result from
an error in our determination of the galaxy systemic velocities due to, e.g.,
a spatial offset between our slitlets and the centroid of the stellar continuum emission, such that the galaxy spectra are dominated by light from the approaching part of the disks.
However, most of the galaxies have diameters $\lesssim1.6\arcsec$, and a $0.9\arcsec$ slit width was used in $\sim 1\arcsec$ seeing conditions; in addition, this scenario would yield an artificial inflow velocity of only $\sim30$ and $90{\rm \; km\;s^{-1}}$ in the cases of TKRS4045 and TKRS4387.
We therefore adopt the interpretation that the absorption arises from metal-enriched gas flowing toward each galaxy from the IGM, as part of an accreting satellite, or from recycled wind material circulating in a galactic fountain.

At the most conservative level, the detection of six galaxies with inflows in a sample of 101  (with sufficient S/N) implies a covering fraction of such material of $\approx 6\pm2\%$.  This estimate should be considered a firm lower limit, however.
These six galaxies are unique not for the presence of strong absorption redward of systemic velocity, but instead for the \emph{absence} of strong, blueshifted absorption.  Figure~\ref{fig.ews} shows \ion{Mg}{2} line profiles for one object in our inflow sample (bottom panel) and three other objects drawn from the parent LRIS sample.  A by-eye analysis (and our fitting results) suggests that profiles (a) and (b) exhibit outflows; i.e., they show an excess of absorption blueward of systemic velocity.  Profile (c) is symmetric and dominated by absorption at systemic velocity.  However, all of these profiles have similar \ion{Mg}{2} $\lambda 2803$ EWs ($>1.3$ \AA) redward of systemic velocity (yellow), and thus could easily be tracing significant amounts of gas moving toward the host galaxies at $> 100{\rm \; km\;s^{-1}}$.  The difference in the measured kinematics is due to the differences in EWs at systemic velocity and blueward (cyan); i.e., profiles (a-c) have blueward EWs at least 0.5 \AA \ larger than the profile from the inflow sample (d).  We are therefore sensitive to inflows only in the absence of strong outflows, and are likely missing instances of cool accretion in our larger parent sample.

For instance, the fraction of the parent sample with \ion{Fe}{2} $\lambda 2600$ or \ion{Mg}{2} $\lambda 2803$ EWs at least as large as those measured for our inflow sample in the velocity range $30{\rm \; km\;s^{-1}}<v<300{\rm \; km\;s^{-1}}$ (0.61 and 0.74 \AA, respectively) is 26 - 47\%.  Furthermore, 23\% of the parent sample has \ion{Mg}{2} $\lambda 2803$ EWs $> 0.37$ \AA \ in the velocity range $150{\rm \; km\;s^{-1}} < v < 300{\rm \; km\;s^{-1}}$ (i.e., at least as large as the EWs for those inflow galaxies with $P_\mathrm{in,2}>0.95$).  We therefore suspect the presence of inflow traced by saturated metal-line absorption in up to $\gtrsim 40\%$ of our parent sample, and suggest that it is likely occurring in at least $20\%$ of the galaxies.
Finally, we note that due to the low frequency of detected inflows in individual spectra, the observed inflow signatures would likely be completely obscured in coadds of the parent sample (or subsamples thereof),
similar to the composite spectra analyzed in \citet{Steidel2010}.

\begin{figure
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[angle=90,width=2in]{f4.eps
\caption[]{
  Comparison of the \ion{Mg}{2} line profiles for a series of
  galaxies, each showing significant EWs ($>1.3$\AA) at $v>30 {\rm \; km\;s^{-1}}$ (yellow),
  with a wide range in blueshifted (cyan) and systemic absorption strengths.
  Dashed, dotted, and gray curves are as in Figure 1.
  Despite the
  significant redshifted absorption, we only confidently identify
  inflow for the system without strong blueshifted/systemic absorption.
\label{fig.ews}}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

Our observations provide almost no constraint on the distance between this inflowing gas and the galaxies or on the spatial distribution of the gaseous material.  However,
the large model $C_f$ values ($\gtrsim0.7$) suggest that
the material extends at minimum to sizes of order the size of the stellar disks (listed in Table 1).  In cases with high values of $P_\mathrm{in,2}$, we use the derived velocities and column densities to estimate a rough mass inflow rate.  We assume that the absorbing gas has a surface area given by $\pi R^2$, where $R$ is the average of the galaxy semi-major and semi-minor axes, and that the gas will accrete onto the galaxy with a timescale $\Delta v_2/R$.
Neglecting ionization corrections, dust depletion, and assuming metallicities $Z = 0.1Z_{\odot}$, we find mass inflow rates $dM_\mathrm{in}/dt \sim0.2 - 3~M_{\odot}~\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$ (Table 1).  The values are slightly lower than the SFRs of the low-SFR half of the sample, and about an order of magnitude lower than the SFRs in the remaining galaxies.
The inflow rates are also consistent with mass inflow rates derived for the Milky Way ($0.2~M_{\odot}~\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$; \citealt{Bregman2009}, Lehner \& Howk 2011, submitted).

Given the
strength of the metal-line absorption, the observed inflows are unlikely to arise from the ``cold flows" which are invoked to provide pristine hydrogen to star-forming galaxies from the IGM \citep{Fumagalli2011}.  Instead, this gas may have been enriched by star formation in satellite dwarf galaxies, or may have already cycled through the host galaxy's ISM.
IVCs and HVCs in our own Galaxy could easily give rise to the inflow signatures observed in our sample, as they have a wide range of velocities (up to $> 300{\rm \; km\;s^{-1}}$) and are mostly optically thick in \ion{H}{1} with metallicities $\gtrsim0.1Z_{\odot}$ \citep{Wakker2001}.
The cosmological hydrodynamic simulations of \citet{OppenheimerDave2010} suggest that the recycling of gas blown out by winds is the dominant mode of accretion in halos with masses above $10^{11.2} M_{\odot}$ at $z\sim0$, with recycling times $<1$ Gyr.  Further, detailed simulations of individual galaxy halos show that accretion occurs in the plane of the galactic disk, rather than along the minor axis (\citealt{Stewart2011,Shen2011}, M\'enard \& Murray 2011, in prep).  Winds vent out of the galaxy along the path with the lowest ambient gas pressure, i.e., the minor axis, preventing accretion from occurring in locations other than along the disk plane.  While we have not ruled out the presence of infall onto galaxies along their minor axes, results from these simulations are fully consistent with our detection of inflows along the line-of-sight toward several highly-inclined, disk-dominated galaxies.

These results highlight the importance of analysis of cool gas kinematics in distant galaxies on an individual basis.
Only through examination of absorption line profiles for a large sample of objects were a handful of examples of cool gas accretion, a process fundamental to galaxy formation, identified.
At the same time, these spectra provide only a cursory view of the complexities of gas infall and recycling.  Studies of gas kinematics at higher spectral resolution \citep[e.g.,][]{Pettini2001,Dessauges-Zavadsky2010} and in large galaxy samples are needed to achieve tighter constraints on the frequency of inflows and the concurrent action of outflows and inflows. Equally propitious are studies of cool gas abundances along sightlines to background QSOs that may differentiate between pristine gas accreted from the IGM and material that has been previously recycled \citep{Ribaudo2011}.  The combination of these experiments in studies of individual halos will in turn enable the simultaneous mapping of gas abundances and kinematics relative to the host galaxies.
In concert with hydrodynamic simulations that track the accretion, expulsion, and recycling of gas, these observations will provide unprecedented insight into the processes regulating galaxy growth.

\acknowledgements
The authors are grateful for support for this project from NSF grants
AST-0808133, AST-0507483, and AST-0548180.
We thank Robert da Silva, Crystal Martin, Joop Schaye, Greg Stinson, Ben Weiner, Arjen van der Wel and Luke Winstrom for helpful discussions
of this analysis.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Home News Suing Collins Dauda a 'convenient excuse' to justify neglect of Saglemi project...
Suing Collins Dauda a 'convenient excuse' to justify neglect of Saglemi project – Sammy Gyamfi
Sammy Gyamfi
The National Communications Officer of the opposition National Democratic Congress (NDC), Sammy Gyamfi, says the criminal proceedings initiated against the former Works and Housing Minister, Collins Dauda, is only an excuse by the government to justify why it has abandoned the Saglemi Housing project.
Describing the court action as frivolous, the opposition party member said the government must rather be blamed for causing financial loss to the state.
"The case against Hon. Collins Dauda and others is frivolous and a poor attempt by the vindictive Akufo-Addo-Bawumia government to create a convenient excuse for their abandonment of the Saglemi Housing project. If there has been any financial loss to the State at all, then it has been occasioned by the people who have recklessly abandoned and supervised the deterioration of a 90% complete project for almost five (5) years. The Akufo-Addo-Bawumia government should stop persecuting innocent people and rather take urgent steps to complete the project which they have left to rot. The Ghanaian taxpayer deserves better," he said in a public statement.
The Attorney-General (A-G) and Minister of Justice, Godfred Dame earlier this week filed court processes to prosecute former Minister of Water Resources, Works and Housing, Alhaji Collins Dauda; his successor, Dr. Kwaku Agyeman-Mensah, and three other persons for allegedly causing financial loss to the state wilfully over the now-abandoned Saglemi Affordable Housing Project.
The state is pressing 52 counts of criminal charges against the accused persons who he accuses of misapplying the state's $200 million to pay for less than 1,500 affordable housing units at Saglemi, instead of the 5,000 units parliament granted approval for.
But according to Sammy Gyamfi, Alhaji Collins Dauda was not responsible for making payment for the project, hence it is unfathomable that he is being charged for wrongdoing.
"Hon. Collins Dauda was not responsible for either raising IPCs or effecting payment for work done. The project consultant (AESL) who raised all the IPCs hasn't been accused or charged by the Akufo-Addo government for any wrongdoing," he noted.
He also contended that the Attorney General cannot claim that Alhaji Dauda short-changed the state by building less than 1,500 housing units instead of 5,000 housing units since there was no indication that the project has been completed without more housing units being built.
"For emphasis, the claim that Parliament approved an agreement for 5,000 housing units, but that was reviewed to about 1,500 houses without recourse to Parliament, is false. Firstly, at no point did government indicate that it was going to stop the project at building 1,500 houses only, which is just Phase 1 of the project."
Mr. Gyamfi further accused the Akufo-Addo government of rather being responsible for causing financial loss to the state.
Collins Dauda didn't alter Saglemi Housing agreement – Eric Opoku
The Member of Parliament for Asunafo South, Eric Opoku, has refuted claims that former Works and Housing Minister, Collins Dauda, changed aspects of the Saglemi Housing deal without recourse to Parliament.
Serving as Mr. Dauda's spokesperson on Eyewitness News, Mr. Opoku said the former minister stuck to the contract details signed by the minister before him.
On the court case, Mr. Opoku said Mr. Dauda had no issue being held accountable since he was a public servant.
"If he is being called for his stewardship, he has no problem at all, except that he is worried about the fact that the whole matter has been twisted for the sake of propaganda."
"He has not been served [with the writ yet]. He has not been given the opportunity to respond to the issues," Mr. Opoku added. – CNR
HYousing
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Next articleSammy Gyamfi's claims about Saglemi housing deal false – ET Mensah

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Old Urban Sites – Environmental Consultants Otago Ltd.
Our town centres were often originally residential areas that contained small cottages that were filled with lead including plumbing, roof flashings, lead head nails, lead paint and paint with arsenic, cadmium and chromium based dyes. These early dwellings often went through a transitional industrial use prior to their demolition in the mid to late 1800's both of which commonly resulted in significant contamination of the site. This early occupation layer is the most widespread source of contamination of urban land.


Last Thursday, the Senate Transportation and Housing Committee held yet another oversight hearing on California's High Speed Rail project. The focus of this hearing was to discuss UC Berkeley's scathing analysis of the ridership model used by the High Speed Rail Authority (Authority). The ridership model the Authority has used is the basis for both the environmental review work currently underway and the Business Plan.
As part of the Authority's environmental review documents, ridership data is crucial to determining how many trains are needed, and where best to place the tracks, to ensure Californians will ride the train enough to cover the costs of operating the system. Within the Authority's Business Plan, which is an exceptionally important document outlining the Authority's plans for funding this mega-project, ridership data establishes how and where the train can be operationally self sufficient, and how much money will be needed from the Federal government and private investors.
Models should be revised to minimize bias and reduce variance of forecasts.
In short, the ridership modeling needs to be redone. California has only one chance to build high speed rail the right way. The State Senate is asking the tough questions, and now is the time for them to insist on correct answers that are not based on faulty data.


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"Where is human nature so weak as in the bookstore?" — Henry Ward Beecher
Children at Theresienstadt. Yad Vashem Archives.
It's been a good reading season squeezed in between semesters. The pace will slow down when classes resume next week, though I just started a fascinating book about Isaac Newton's little-known career as the scourge of counterfeiters. Of that, more later.
I just finished "The Girls of Room 28" by Hannelore Brenner, which describes the lives of children who were incarcerated at the Jewish ghetto in Theresienstadt, Czechoslovakia, between 1941 and 1944. An estimated 13,000 children passed through there; 25 survived. Some died of disease or other consequences of neglect. Most died in the concentration camps further east. Brenner presents first-hand accounts from some of the survivors as well as material from diaries and other such documents. She also records how the Nazis bamboozled the International Red Cross into thinking that Theresienstadt was a model community for Jews, founded on the benevolent nature of Adolf Hitler. There is a lot of information and photographs about the ghetto on the YAD VASHEM web site.
Abraham Lincoln reading to his son Tad.
I can't read too many books about Abraham Lincoln, and I was delighted with "Lincoln, Life-Size," a volume that includes digitized reproductions of all 114 known photographs of Lincoln, most of them portraits. The book was assembled by three descendants of Frederick Meserve, one of the best-known collectors of Lincoln images. The authors used high technology to calculate the size of Lincoln's head. The head was cropped from each of several dozen photographs and reproduced on the facing page in life size. The result is fascinating and, at times, unsettling. The authors also accompany each photograph with texts drawn from a variety of sources, some putting the photo in context, others illuminating some aspect of Lincoln's public or private life.
GERTRUDE EDERLE
"America's Girl" is a biography of Gertrude Ederle, a young woman from New York City who, in 1926, not only became the first woman to swim the English Channel, but far surpassed the previous record — set, obviously, by a man. Ederle did not lead an exciting life in the long term, but in the weeks and months after her achievement, she was a celebrity of proportions that have only rarely been exceeded — even in our own age of instant notoriety. More important, really, is that her accomplishment had a significance that transcended her personal fortunes. Ederle confounded the widely accepted assumption that women were not capable of feats like the one she performed. Her crossing helped to accelerate brewing changes in how women were regarded and what they were permitted to do in a society in which only men were allowed to vote until only five years before. The book was written by Tim Dahlberg with Mary Ederle Ward – the swimmer's niece – and Brenda Green.
Yogi Berra jumps into Don Larsen's arms after the last out of the perfect game.
"Perfect" by Lew Paper, is based on Don Larsen's perfect game in the 1956 World Series between the New York Yankees and the Brooklyn Dodgers. Paper examines the well-worn but still fascinating fact that this feat – achieved only once since the World Series was inaugurated in 1903 – was carried out by a mediocre pitcher whose name would long have been forgotten if it hadn't been for that day. But Paper makes his book good winter reading for baseball fanatics by devoting each of his 18 chapters to one the half-innings in that game, and focusing each chapter on one of the players who participated. In one instance only, he profiles two players – Jackie Robinson and Gil McDouglald – in a single chapter. In each case, Paper recounts the personal history that brought the player – Mickey Mantle, Enos Slaughter, Gil Hodges, Pee Wee Reese – to that historic moment in sports. Not the least of these figures is Dale Mitchell of the Dodgers who was pinch hitting for starting pitcher Sal Maglie in the top of the ninth when he took the called strike that sealed Larsen's place in history. Mitchell, who had one of the best batting eyes of his era, thought the pitch was high. So, according to Paper, did most of the Yankees on the field. But, as one baseball wag observed, when the umpire calls strike three on you, even God can't get you off.
Authorities estimated that a third of the population of New York City - about two million people - turned out for this ticker-tape parade for Gertrude Ederle. It remains the largest such event to honor an individual athlete. (© Underwood & Underwood/CORBIS)
Posted in American History, Books, Sports | Tagged Abraham Lincoln, baseball, Books, Don Larsen, Gertrude Ederle, James Monroe, Nazis, Theresienstadt | Leave a Comment »


Our board of directors has established an audit committee, a compensation committee, and a nominating and corporate governance committee.
The audit committee is responsible for reviewing the financial information that will be provided to shareholders and others, reviewing the systems of internal controls that management and the board of directors have established, appointing, retaining and overseeing the performance of the independent registered public accounting firm, overseeing our accounting and financial reporting processes and the audits of our financial statements, and pre-approving audit and permissible non-audit services provided by the independent registered public accounting firm. Mr. Tsung-Ming Chung, Ms. Lien-Chun Liu, and Mr. Yung-Chien Wang are members of our audit committee. Our board of directors has determined that Mr. Tsung-Ming Chung, the Chairman of the audit committee, is the committee's Financial Expert as required by Nasdaq and SEC rules.
The compensation committee's basic responsibility is to review the performance and development of management in achieving corporate goals and objectives and to assure that our senior executives are compensated effectively in a manner consistent with our strategy, competitive practice, and the requirements of the appropriate regulatory bodies. Toward that end, this committee oversees, reviews, and administers all of our compensation, equity, and employee benefit plans and programs. Mr. Steve Chen, Ms. Lien-Chun Liu and Mr. Yung-Chien Wang are members of our compensation committee. Mr. Steve Chen is member of our compensation committee as the Chairman of the committee.
The nominating and corporate governance committee is responsible for overseeing, reviewing and making periodic recommendations concerning our corporate governance policies, and for recommending to the full board of directors candidates for election to the board of directors. Ms. Lien-Chun Liu, Mr. Yung-Chien Wang, and Mr. Steve Chen are members of our nominating and corporate governance committee, with Ms. Liu serving as the Chairman of the committee.


text:
Breaking Down Cuneyt Cakir's Shocking Decision Not To Award A Penalty To Ireland
Irish fans across the nation and the world, were outraged as a number of bizarre decisions cost the boys in green dearly.
After giving free-kicks against Ireland when they themselves were fouled on no less than three occasions in the opening half hour, he really kicked it up a few notches in terms of ineptitude in the opening minutes of the second half.
As the ball came in towards Shane Long, Toby Alderweireld and Thomas Vermaelen both fouled him, there is simply no question.
Before I go further, let me clarify the position I am coming from. I am a qualified referee at a local level. I am far from an expert but like to think I have a decent understanding of the laws. I despise abuse of referees and even analysing them to the extent I am about to is something that I am quite uncomfortable with.
However, this guy has previous. He is the most incompetent official on any high level panel, by a distance. He consistently decides games with his whistle, sending off Manchester United's Nani, ignoring Robert Lewandowski's repeated simulation as Poland beat Ireland to automatic qualification and has an abysmal record in big games, and yet, he is still assigned big games. So now, we have to talk about Cuneyt Cakir.
For a penalty to be given in this instance, contact has to be made. If the offender was playing in a dangerous manner but does not make contact with his opponent, an indirect free kick should have been given. It is one of the most misunderstood rules in the game as seen by these commentators' reaction to the referees's superb decision.
All this means that Cukir and his officials have to be certain that contact was made. They had to adjudge if either player was "playing in a dangerous manner".
This is defined by IFAB as:
"Any action that, while trying to play the ball, threatens injury to someone (including the player themself) and includes preventing a nearby opponent from playing the ball for fear of injury."
Neither Cukir or his assistants have adjudged either player to be endangering Long. That is simply ridiculous. Incompetence on a jaw-dropping level.
Or, to give a penalty, they have to recognise that contact was made. Which, it clearly was. By two players. On top of that, it is serious foul play and a red card.
There are difficult decisions as an official. The public, for the most part, fail to realise this. The decision on Friday to allow Jamie Vardy's equaliser shows that some of the tournament's officials are so skilled they can make decisions that most couldn't with the benefit of slow-motion replays.
This, was not one of those difficult decisions.
https://twitter.com/Onefootball/status/744172861229785088
Cukir was very well placed as he always is. It's his solitary positive trait. His additional assistant was also looking directly at it. Neither were brave enough or competent enough to give the big decision.
To add insult to injury, he failed to stop the game while Shane Long nursed his clearly injured head. At any level, that is gross negligence.
Cukir has struck again, he has decided the game through his inadequacy. At what point will he finally be removed from these big games?
Read More About: Belgium, coybig, cuneyt cakir, Euro 2016, Ireland, referee, refereeing, ROI
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Q: Spring boot rest service deployment on tomcat : unable to find jdbc My spring boot rest service MAVEN based app works fine in Eclipse workspace. I am able to generate WAR without any issues. However, when I deploy to tomcat, it's unable to bind my data sources from context.xml. Exact error is below.
Caused by: javax.naming.NameNotFoundException: Name [jdbc/MyDB] is not bound in this Context. Unable to find [jdbc].
    at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:817)
Here is what I have done so far based on other posts on stackoverflow.

*

*My context.xml has javax.sql.DataSource resource defined along with resourceLink. Code pasted below.

*my pom.xml has build section with resources and plugins. Code pasted below.

*my applicationContext.xml has bean defined for class org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean with property jndiName pinting to jdbc resource defined in context xml.

*Initially, I found that context xml was not being included in war by maven build, hence I copied meta-inf directory under main/java/resources folder as some of the posts suggested. Now the context xml does get included in war under meta-inf folder.

*When I deploy the war, it's unable to start and logs error below.
Caused by: javax.naming.NameNotFoundException: Name [jdbc/MyDB] is not bound in this Context. Unable to find [jdbc].
at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:817)

Context xml ==>
   <context>
    <Resource name="jdbc/MyDB" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource"
        username="uid" password="pwd" driverClassName="net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver"
        url="jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://myserver:1433/mydatabase" maxActive="8"
        maxIdle="4" validationQuery="select 1" />

         <ResourceLink name="jdbc/MyDB"
             global="jdbc/MyDB"
              type="javax.sql.DataSource" />
      </context>

pom.xml==>
    <build>
                <resources>
                    <resource>
                        <!-- this is relative to the pom.xml directory -->
                        <directory>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources</directory>
                        <filtering>true</filtering>
                    </resource>
                </resources>
                <plugins>
                    <plugin>
                        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                        <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <configuration>
                                <mainClass>com.passg.springboot.SpringBootRestApiApp</mainClass>
                            </configuration>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                    </plugin>
                </plugins>
            </build>

applicationContext.xml ==>
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
        <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
            xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
            xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

            <bean id="myDataSource" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
                <property name="jndiName" value="java:comp/env/jdbc/MyDB"/>
            </bean>

Error ==>
    Caused by: javax.naming.NameNotFoundException: Name [jdbc/MyDB] is not bound in this Context. Unable to find [jdbc].
        at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:817)
        at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:159)
        at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:827)
        at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:159)
        at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:827)
        at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:173)
        at org.apache.naming.SelectorContext.lookup(SelectorContext.java:163)
        at javax.naming.InitialContext.lookup(InitialContext.java:417)
        at org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate$1.doInContext(JndiTemplate.java:155)
        at org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate.execute(JndiTemplate.java:87)
        at org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate.lookup(JndiTemplate.java:152)
        at org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate.lookup(JndiTemplate.java:179)
        at org.springframework.jndi.JndiLocatorSupport.lookup(JndiLocatorSupport.java:95)
        at org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectLocator.lookup(JndiObjectLocator.java:106)
        at org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean.lookupWithFallback(JndiObjectFactoryBean.java:231)
        at org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(JndiObjectFactoryBean.java:217)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1648)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1585)
        ... 110 more

I somehow need my deployed tomcat app to be able to recognize context xml and make jndi connection. Any help will be greatly appreciated.

A: woooohoo! I could finally figure out the answer thanks to another post on stackoverflow!! It was stupidest mistake I have ever made I think. In my context xml, element "context" should have been with uppercase "C" i.e. "Context"!!
Thanks to guys in this link!
Trouble Deploying WAR file. Failed to start component []

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
package main

import (
	"io/ioutil"
	"regexp"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

func decompress(str string) (length int) {
	var idx int
	markerRegexp := regexp.MustCompile("\\(([0-9x]*)\\)")

	for idx < len(str) {
		if str[idx] == '(' {
			marker := markerRegexp.FindStringSubmatch(str[idx:])[1]
			nums := strings.Split(marker, "x")

			chars, _ := strconv.Atoi(nums[0])
			repeat, _ := strconv.Atoi(nums[1])

			subStart := idx + len(marker) + 2
			substring := str[subStart : subStart+chars]

			length += decompress(substring) * repeat
			idx += chars + len(marker) + 2
		} else {
			length++
			idx++
		}
	}

	return length
}

func main() {
	input, _ := ioutil.ReadFile("./day-09-input.txt")

	println(decompress(string(input)))
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
NewsPhotosVideosKardashiansE! InsiderShopShows
How The Biggest Loser Has Changed for 2020
Bob Harper and the trainers from USA's revamped version of the NBC series talked about the changes ahead at the 2020 Winter TCA Press Tour
By Lauren Piester Jan 12, 2020 1:49 AMTags
TVThe Biggest LoserCelebritiesEntertainment
The Biggest Loser is back, but it has made some changes ahead of its return.
The reality show, which rewards the contestant who has lost the most weight by the end of it, has faced some controversy in the past as its methods have been criticized, especially as some have struggled after the show to maintain their weight loss.
Host Bob Harper and trainers Erica Lugo and Steve Cook joined USA Network SVP of Alternative Series Heather Olander at NBCU's TV Critics Association Winter Press Tour appearance to talk about the new iteration of the show, which has made a few changes to address some of the criticisms of the old version of the show, which originally aired on NBC from 2004 to 2016.
Olander said the network took a look at the format of the show to make sure it was "reflective of health and fitness today," since the original show was conceived 15 years ago, and 2020 is a very different time.
How Bob Harper Turned His Heart Attack Into a "Second Chance at Life"
First of all, the elimination process has changed. Instead of a series of votes, the person who loses the smallest amount of weight will be eliminated.
Olander said they did look at the competition element of the show, and decided that it was "only part of the storytelling of the show."
"It's a motivating factor for the contestants, but also it's part of their story and their transformation as well, sort of the failures and the successes both that we saw this season impacted you know who they were from the start of the show to the end."
Another major change, which is a response to the issue of contestants struggling after the show, is that there's now a focus on an enhanced "aftercare package," which will give even the contestants eliminated early the tools to continue a "healthy lifestyle." That aftercare package includes a gym membership, a nutritionist, and guidance towards a support group.
Bob Harper acknowledged that the easiest part of the process is the weight loss itself, and the hardest part is keeping the weight off because "you have to divorce yourself from everything that you ever did in your past that got you to that place," so the new version of the show is trying to approach the weight loss from every level.
"We want to give them everything that they can use to succeed. We want you to succeed, because it's very difficult," he said.
Jon Peters Leaves Wife of 12 Days Pamela Anderson $10 Million in Will
Amy Robach and T.J. Holmes' Fate at ABC News Revealed
Watch: Bob Harper Is Feeling "Stronger Mentally" After Heart Attack
Lugo herself lost 160 pounds and is now a trainer on the show.
"It's something that we have to make that choice day in and day out, and I really feel like we teach them the tools to keep it off long term," she said.
The hope is to focus more on weight loss and health rather than just weight loss on its own.
"For these contestants on the show, they primarily came to the show because they wanted to live a longer life," Olander said. "They unanimously talked about the health issues that they're having because because of the weight and just beyond that, the message in the show is yes, being thin is great and fitting into skinny jeans, if that's what you want, that's fabulous, but that's not the end all be all. It's not about getting fit at all costs."
The Biggest Loser premiere January 28 on USA Network.
E! and USA are both part of the NBC Universal family.
Noah Cyrus Frees the Nipple in Risqué Gown During Paris Fashion Week
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text:
Q: Using Sendmail from an external server I have a server with a webapp and a mail server (who use sendmail to route mails).
We need to migrate the webapp to an auto-scaling schema, so, I can't have the mail server in there, so, I'm thinking on leaving the mail server right where it is now.
So, to send mails I have different alternatives, I don't want to migrate to an external provider, the costs are to high (like 100 usd/m for mails + dedicated IP).
I'm looking for a way to connect my webapp PHP mail sending classes to this external server with sendmail.
Is there any way I can achieve this without creating my own API to send mails?

A: On Windows-servers you can change SMTP in php.ini.
Also, you can try to setup relayhost through Postfix (example here), but it seems like a simple API is the easiest and right solution :)


Everyone has had trouble with a hoarse voice or dysphonia at some point. Sometimes with a cold you may "lose your voice". Maybe you yelled too loudly and strained your vocal chords. People can develop voice problems for multiple reasons. But prolonged trouble with your voice is usually the result of a medical disorder. Failure to seek a physician's care can lead to more serious problems. ENT doctors or doctors who specialize in ear, nose and throat disorders diagnose and treat voice disorders.
Sinusitis is a condition that happens when the lining of the nasal passages is inflamed. Sinusitis usually improves in two or three weeks. Chronic sinusitis is sinusitis that can last for twelve or more weeks that does not respond to medical treatment.
Can Air Travel Make You Sick?
Does flying in an airplane lead to more colds and sinus infections?
This is a difficult question to answer scientifically. A group of John's Hopkins University researchers investigated the association between airline flight and sinonasal symptoms. They studied flight attendants closely and compared the overall sinus health with the amount of time spent on the plane. They found a direct correlation between sinus symptoms such as coughing, sneezing, and thick nasal discharge and the amount of days and hours flying on a plane.
The association between ADHD and allergies remains controversial. Allergies affect up to 30% of children. Medications that are currently being used can significantly affect learning, school performance and attendance. It can also affect the central nervous system and contribute to learning impairment. In many cases, children with allergies are also diagnosed with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder.
Dysphagia or difficulty in swallowing is common in all age groups, but especially the elderly. The term Dysphagia refers to the feeling of difficulty passing food or liquid from mouth to stomach. This can be caused by many different factors, most of which are temporary. Difficulties in swallowing can represent a more serious disease, such as a tumor or a progressive neurological disorder. If the difficulty does not clear up in a short amount of time, you should see an otolaryngologist.
Do Over the Counter Medications Help Sinus Problems?
Nasal and sinus membranes respond to viruses, allergic triggers, and common bacterial infections similarly. The membranes become swollen and congested. The congestion then causes pain and pressure. Your mucus production increases during the inflammation. This results in a runny nose. The nasal secretions may begin to thicken and slow the drainage. This can result in a sinus bacterial infection.
Being a parent of a child diagnosed with hearing loss, we understand that you will have many questions and concerns.
Understanding the nature of children's hearing loss.
What are the potential effects on my child's future?
What are the treatment options and resources for children with hearing loss?
We are here to provide you with the necessary initial information, and guidance about the availability of resources and the different medical care professionals and their rolls.
The joint that allows the simple movement of opening and shutting your jaw is the Temporo-Mandibular Joint (TMJ). It connects the bone that forms the side of the skull (temporal bone) and the lower jaw (mandible bone). There is a small disc of cartilage that separates the bones so that the mandible slides easily when you talk, chew, swallow or even kiss. So, if this triangular structure in front of your ear is damaged, it can cause quite a bit of discomfort.
Thyroid disorders are very common and affect millions of Americans.
Hyperthyroidism or an overactive thyroid gland which can include Graves' disease, toxic adenoma or toxic nodular goiter.
Hypothyroidism or an underactive thyroid gland which can include Hashimoto's disease or thyroiditis.
Thyroid enlargement due to overactivity which can be caused by Graves' disease or from under-activity (hypothyroidism). An enlarged thyroid gland is often called a goiter.
Most Tonsil surgeries are performed on an outpatient basis. An overnight stay isn't required. There will still be a recovery period to consider.
It can be daunting to decide to get hearing aids even when you know they will improve your hearing. There are so many different styles and types of hearing aids to choose from. The choices may seem endless. When you are trying to choose the right hearing aid, it is important to get expert advice on the right price and the right fit. Your audiologist will be able to help you chose the perfect hearing aid for you.
Usually when you see your ENT Doctor (Ear Nose and Throat Doctor) it's for treatment for a medical problem. It can b3e overwhelming and stressful when you are worried. So in order to get the most from your visit with your ENT Doctor you should prepare in advance.
To take full advantage of your oxygen supply requires using the nostrils to initiate each breath. But people who use their mouth to gasp for air tend to suffer consequences. The oxygen level in the blood remains much lower than those of nose-breathers.
We sometimes take for grated that we can hear. Hearing loss is something that naturally occurs with age. Although 25% of Americans between 55 and 65 experience hearing loss to some degree, there are steps we can take to prevent it.
Your ears are an important part of your body. Ears play an essential role in maintaining your balance. Today there are thousands of people that suffer from hearing problems. Hearing loss is usually a slow progression that can take years before you realize that you are suffering from hearing loss. Here are some of the top indications that you may be experiencing hearing loss.
Are you suffering from a sinus headache? These types of headaches usually get worse when you bend over. The pain is usually located in the forehead, cheeks, eyes, and temples and radiates outward. You may also experience a stuffy nose, tooth or jaw pain, ear pain with a sinus headache. Here are 8 home headache remedies to try.
Most people think that spring is the prime-time allergy season. And yes, people do experience allergies in the Spring, but there are more than 23 million Americans who are allergic to ragweed pollen. Which starts to cause the subtle itch in the back of your throat as early as mid-July. Ragweed pollen levels usually peak around early September and continue into the middle of October. This is a long time to suffer from ragweed allergy symptoms.
Many people have experienced a nose bleed or two in their life. Most of the time it only lasts a few minutes and then stops. There are several things that cause a nosebleed and not all of them are harmless.
Where you even aware you had sinuses until your first sinus headache or sinus infection? Most people don't notice their sinuses unless there is a problem. Colorado ENT and Allergy Doctors understand that if you keep your sinuses healthy you can avoid frequent sinus problems.
Snoring can be more than just a nuisance. It can ruin relationships and prevent you from getting a good night's sleep. If your snoring is a problem, talk to one of our providers here at Colorado ENT & Allergy about treatments for snoring.
Most people experience dizziness at some point in their life. The terms "dizziness" and "vertigo" are often used interchangeably, but they mean two different things. Vertigo is the feeling of being dizzy caused by spinning. You are still and the environment seems to be spinning around you. Dizziness is the feeling of being unbalanced without spinning. There are many causes of dizziness, and some of them are caused by your ears.
Obstructive sleep apnea or OSA is a health condition that occurs with a repetitive stopping or slowing of breathing that can occur hundreds of times during the night. Unfortunately, this can lead to poor sleep quality and sleepiness during the day. The risks for untreated sleep apnea include high blood pressure, strokes, heart attacks and even car accidents. More than 12 million Americans have obstructive sleep apnea.
Asthma and allergies affect millions of people and some don't even know it. Allergies happen when a person's immune system reacts to certain substances or allergens. Allergies frequently run in the family, but different family members may have different responses. Many things can trigger your allergies. Some of the more common triggers are pollen, dust mites, mold, animal dander, cockroaches, insect stings, latex, food or drugs.
If you have symptoms or a condition that affects your ears, nose or throat, you may be on the lookout for a good ear, nose and throat (ENT) doctor. There are thousands of doctors who specialize in this area of medicine across the USA, so how do you find the best doctor for you?
A migraine is a common medical problem with characteristics such as episodes of head pain and associated symptoms like nausea, sensitivity to light, sound, or moving the head.


World View of Global Warming is at the UN climate negotiations, the COP21, which began November 30 in Paris. I wrote in my book in 2007, "Creating a safer, cleaner—and cooler—world. This is the direction for change. The world's nations will recognize in global warming a common danger to their people, their cultures, and the Earth that supports them all." We will see if we have finally reached that day.
Paris climate talks produce an historic agreement that finally directs all nations to sharply limit global warming. As final negotiations were proceeding, thousands of citizens in Paris marched near Arc de Triomphe to urge an even stronger agreement.
The UN Climate Convention voted December 12 to set an international goal to "hold the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 °C" This will finally set all nations on a path set in international law to sharply limit global warming pollution and its effects.
Ministers and staff members of the 192 signatories to the UN Convention on Climate Change were working into early Friday morning at Le Bourget near Paris to resolve still-serious differences in the draft over financing the transition, increasing and verifying the specific actions of all nations to limit carbon emissions, and recognizing and paying for irreversible losses and damage from climate change effects. The leadership of this conference of the parties (COP) has pushed hard to get a strong agreement by Friday December 11. The new draft contains 16 pages of decisions, which usually lead to action by the convention but do not become part of international law, and 11pages of the actual agreement, which does carry legal weight.
The new draft was released about 9:30 pm just as the main negotiating body of COP21 was beginning a meeting. Hundreds of national delegation staff members, observers and media crowded a documents window or hunched over laptops to get the document.
Initial reaction was generally favorable about the temperature goal but concerned over how the pact would actually move toward reducing global warming. The current pledges by more than 180 nations — which are in themselves a significant advance in reducing global warming from an unrestrained 6 to 9 degrees increase to 3 to 4 degrees above preindustrial — will not fulfill the draft agreement of 1.5 to 2 degrees. Delegates from an African nation said that at first look the goal was good, and they thought holding temperatures to the 1.5 level was "doable." Long time climate negotiation watcher Alden Meyer of the Union of Concerned Scientists said "this is good progress… I'm hopeful we'll get where we need to be." He warned that much depends on the final day of negotiation and that "no one is going to get everything they want," including the nations who are most affected now by climate disruption.
Although recognition of gender issues in climate, the special plight of small and island nations and the special knowledge of indigenous communities remained in the text, advocates were dismayed by the removal of mention of human rights in the core final agreement. Ben Schachter, a human rights officer with the UN High Commision on Human Rights, said they were concerned because it is important "that states are honoring their commitment to respect human rights for all people." Other human rights and environmental advocates denounced the new draft for making the goal of 1.5 degrees only as something to "pursue," not the actual target, for lack of specifics about immediate reduction in climate emissions rather than waiting for 2020, and for the conflicted wordings about finance and loss and damage — which remain to be negotiated into Friday morning.
Many indigenous communities sent representatives to Paris to be part of their national delegations and to lobby strongly for local control, a free flow of funds and technology to help them, and an stop to industrialized logging, mining and oil extraction which have destroyed native lands and added much to the global load of carbon the atmosphere. An important issue for these groups and many women's spokespeople at the COP was payment for loss and damage from rapid climate changes. This is a subject that has been discussed in previous meetings for decades, but never resolved. Compensation to people and nations harmed by irreversible and permanent harm can be simple insurance, but inevitably brings up legal liability and reparations — which major climate negotiations nations steadfastly reject. It appears this COP21 agreement will keep to the work plan from the Warsaw COP two years ago not to address this issue until COP 22.
The French leadership of the COP — Conference of the 192 Parties, the signatory nations of the UN Climate Convention -- divided the talks into eight topics in order to keep them going and meet the Friday deadline. The most divisive issues are not surprisingly who should pay whom and how much for the costs of energy switching and adapting to effects and damages caused by global warming, what each nation should actually do to reduce emissions and if actions will be mandatory, and how soon the agreement would take effect and how often actions would be measured and adjusted. The paragraphs in the new draft are continuous strings of bracketed options which must be worked out among nations with often conflicting needs, especially those countries dependent on or major suppliers of, fossil fuels versus small island states.
And in remarks at the COP Wednesday afternoon, Secretary of State John Kerry said, "So we gather this week in Paris, knowing that the Conference of the Parties, this Conference of the Parties, may be the best chance we have to correct the course of our planet. And we gather to chart a new path – a sustainable path – to prevent the worst, most devastating consequences of climate change from ever happening." "It's that simple," Kerry said. "That is the choice. My friends here in Paris now, we have the rarest of opportunities to actually change the world, to improve the lives of millions of people. And in the next few hours, we need to work as never before not to let this opportunity slip by. We need to do whatever it takes to have the tough conversations that we need to have, to make the compromises that we need to make, and to give the world the agreement that it deserves and demands."
The concept of climate justice is mentioned only once in the active part of the draft Paris agreement, in the section about how carbon emission cuts would be done. Human rights, the right to health, land rights of indigenous cultures, and food security, are mentioned mostly in the preamble to the draft agreement, which recognizes issues but is not binding. Gender and indigenous cultures get some mention in the active text. Climate justice is being urged by a wide span of interests from business groups to native culture individuals. Many people from forested regions were advocating various forms of forest protection to cut pollution, sequester carbon and harbor biodiversity (called REDD in convention language), and some opposed any continuation of forest "management" by corporations and industrialized nations.
Central to all of this and more was whether the consensus process within the UN convention could deliver a strong, binding, transparent and equitable agreement now. Under United Nations procedure requiring consensus, a single nation can refuse to agree, sending the whole process back toward a weaker position.
Many other side meetings at the COP celebrated the solutions to rapid climate change already being undertaken around the world. A major outcome of the Lima COP one year ago was an initiative to highlight and encourage advances in new and clean energy, carbon pricing, actions by cities, states and companies — who are not waiting for an international agreement. The first day of the COP, with Obama and President Hallande of France, Bill Gates announced a multi-billion dollar fund for accelerated clean energy development and deployment. Renewable and clean energy to carry out the needs of the world for health, climate and fairness was being put forward in many studies and reports, in advance of the climate meeting.
Much more to come as this crucial agreement reaches its final draft and the nations move forward. World View of Global Warming will be photographing and reporting daily from the COP.


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Home Local News Seattle dog rescued from collapsed home six days after avalanche
Seattle dog rescued from collapsed home six days after avalanche
A dog was recused Thursday from a collapsed house in a Seattle neighborhood ravaged by avalanches last week — six days after being presumed dead.
"It's mommy," a weeping and overjoyed Didi Fritts says over and over when a fireman emerges with her black lab Sammy from the leveled Magnolia home, footage shows.
"Oh my baby. My baby," Fritts coos to her pet in the footage.
Fritts and her husband got their first glimmer of hope when eagle-eared neighbors heard a whimper from amid the rubble earlier in the day, according to KING 5.
"We [heard] a little cry this morning, and then didn't hear anything when the fire department was here with the chainsaws," family friend and neighbor Remy Olivier told the station.
The responders worked for hours to remove debris and bulldoze their way to the living room, where 3-year-old Sammy was last seen, according to the station.
Sammy was presumed dead after the home collapsed six days ago.
The shaken dog perked up when she saw her owner, licking her face in the emotional reunion, which was captured on camera by the outlet.
Vets examined the dog and the fire department said she was in stable condition after being trapped in the disaster scene for six days.
"We took apart the entire floor, pulled her out and she had just enough room to survive so she wasn't crushed … I guess she was surviving on rain water the past couple days," Oliver theorized.
The Fritts's cliffside home in Seattle.
James and Didi Fritts survived the house collapse, but James, who was trapped inside, said one of the family's dogs died, and Sammy was presumed to have also been killed.
The miraculous rescue — which entailed breaking through floors and walls — was precarious, officials said.
"Because of the landslide that happened last week it is not safe to enter the home so we are exercising extreme caution with our crews," Seattle Fire Department Public Information Officer David Cuerpo told the station.


Women employees at The Club at Natirar on their work-life balance, and whether The Club at Natirar offers remote-jobs, part-time jobs or is a flexible place to work.
How Work-Life Supportive Is The Club at Natirar?
Does The Club at Natirar Offer Flexible, Remote and Part-Time Jobs?


Home / How do I launder the pillow?
How do I launder the pillow?
Adding a couple of tennis balls or dryer balls to your dryer will help loosen the fill and allow it to dry faster and more evenly.
Once out of the dryer, reshape the pillow by grabbing two corners and vigorously thumping it; repeat with the opposite corners. Roll or knead to finish the fluffing and reshaping.
Wash pillowcases on cold or warm and dry on gentle/low. Iron on a cotton setting if needed.


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Beyond Distrust: How Americans View Their Government
4. Ratings of federal agencies, Congress and the Supreme Court
As in the past, the public expresses favorable opinions of a wide range of federal agencies and departments, but there are some notable exceptions. Currently, majorities give favorable assessments of 13 of the 17 agencies and departments tested; by contrast, fewer than half express favorable opinions of the Justice Department, the Department of Education, the IRS and the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA).
Congress remains very unpopular with the public: Just 27% of the public views Congress favorably, while 69% have an unfavorable opinion. Favorable opinions of Congress have not surpassed 30% in more than four years.
Opinions of the Supreme Court have changed little since July, when negative opinions of the court reached a 30-year high. Currently, 50% view the court favorably, while 42% express an unfavorable opinion.
Among the government agencies and departments included in the survey, the U.S. Postal Service is viewed most favorably; fully 84% have a favorable opinion of the Postal Service, while just 14% have an unfavorable view.
Two-thirds or more also have favorable impressions of the National Park Service (75%), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC (71%), NASA (70%) and the FBI (68%). No more than about one-in-five express negative views of any of these agencies.
By about two-to-one, the public also has favorable views of the Department of Homeland Security (64% vs. 30% unfavorable), the Defense Department (63% vs. 29%) and the CIA (57% vs. 27%). The National Security Agency is viewed less positively – about half (52%) have a favorable impression of the NSA, while 31% view it unfavorably.
Of the 17 agencies and departments in the survey, the Department of Justice (46%), the Department of Education (44%), the IRS (42%) and the VA (39%) receive among the lowest favorability ratings. Roughly half have unfavorable impressions of all four organizations.
In general, the federal government continues to be viewed less favorably than state and local governments. Currently 32% say they have a favorable impression of the federal government, while nearly twice as many (63%) view it unfavorably. By contrast, majorities say they have favorable opinions of their own state government (56%) and their local government (65%). These attitudes have changed little in recent years. The last time the federal government was viewed as favorably as state and local governments was in the period after the 9/11 terrorist attacks and during the early phase of the Iraq War.
As with other attitudes toward the federal government, there continue to be deep partisan differences in favorability: 45% of Democrats and Democratic leaners have a favorable view of the federal government, compared with 18% of Republicans and Republican leaners.
But there are virtually no partisan differences in the public's assessments of local and state governments. More than half of Republicans and Republican leaners (57%) and Democrats and Democratic leaners (59%) say they view their state governments favorably, while even larger majorities of both partisan groups say they view their local governments favorably (64% among Republicans and Republican leaners, 69% among Democrats and Democratic leaners).
VA's problems take a toll on its image
Favorable ratings for the IRS have changed little in recent years. But the VA's favorability has plummeted over the past two years, while several other agencies – including the Justice Department, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Defense Department and Department of Education – also are viewed less positively.
Currently, just 39% view the VA favorably – a decline of 29 percentage points since October 2013, during the partial government shutdown. The VA has faced intense criticism over problems with its health care services for veterans, and last year Gen. Eric Shinseki, the agency's embattled secretary, resigned under pressure.
The Justice Department is viewed less favorably than it was during the 2013 government shutdown: 64% now view the department favorably, down 15 points from two years ago. However, the current measure is comparable to the department's favorable rating in 2010 (51%). Favorable ratings for the FDA (down 14 points), EPA (10 points), Defense Department and Department of Education (9 points each) also have declined significantly since October 2013.
Partisan differences in views of federal departments and agencies
There are substantial partisan gaps in the views of several federal departments and agencies. Roughly two-thirds of Democrats and Democratic leaners have favorable impressions of the Department of Health and Human Services, or HHS (68%), and the EPA (67%). Only about four-in-ten Republicans and Republican leaners view these agencies favorably (both 39%).
And more than twice as many Democrats (58%) as Republicans (24%) have a favorable opinion of the IRS.
Democrats also view several other departments and agencies more favorably – including the Department of Education (51% of Democrats vs. 36% of Republicans), the FDA (59% vs. 46%), the Social Security Administration (62% vs. 50%) and the Department of Homeland Security (70% vs. 59%).
Members of both parties view the Justice Department less favorably than in 2013: 36% of Republicans and Republican leaners currently view the department favorably, down from 50% two years ago. Among Democrats and Democratic leaners, the decline has been comparable (to 58% from 71%).
The shift in Republicans' views has come almost entirely among conservative Republicans. Just 28% now view the Justice Department favorably, down 21 percentage points from October 2013. By contrast, about half of moderate and liberal Republicans (52%) have a favorable impression of the department, about the same as did so two years ago (54%). Among Democrats, the decline in favorable opinions has come among both liberals (14 points) and the party's conservatives and moderates (9 points).
Notably, the steep decline in the VA's favorability ratings has come across the partisan and ideological spectrum. Today, just 41% of Democrats and 34% of Republicans view the VA favorably, down 29 points and 34 points, respectively, since October 2013.
Views of Congress and the Supreme Court
Opinions about Congress remain overwhelmingly negative. Just 27% have a favorable opinion of Congress, while 69% have an unfavorable view. Views of Congress have changed little over the past four years. (This question was asked in late September, as John Boehner announced he was resigning as House speaker. Rep. Paul Ryan was elected speaker Oct. 29.)
Despite Republicans controlling both the House of Representatives and Senate, just 23% of Republicans and Republican leaners view Congress favorably, compared with 31% of Democrats and Democratic leaners. This marks the first time – in data reaching back about two decades – that members of the party with a majority in both houses of Congress have expressed less favorable views of the institution than members of the minority party.
In July, unfavorable opinions of the Supreme Court reached a 30-year high of 43%, following the court's contentious, end of-term rulings on the Affordable Care Act and same-sex marriage. Since then, opinions about the court are largely unchanged: 50% view the court favorably, while 42% view it unfavorably.
Just 38% of Republicans and Republican leaners view the Supreme Court favorably, up slightly from an all-time low of 33% in July. By contrast, 64% of Democrats and Democratic leaners have a favorable impression of the high court, little changed from July (61%).
Next: 5. Political engagement and views of government Next Page → ← Prev Page
Interactive: Trust in Government, 1958-2015
2015 Governance Survey Dataset
1. Trust in government: 1958-2015
2. General opinions about the federal government
3. Views of government's performance and role in specific areas
5. Political engagement and views of government
6. Perceptions of elected officials and the role of money in politics
7. Views of the political parties and how they manage government
8. Perceptions of the public's voice in government and politics
9. Views of the nation, how it's changing and confidence in the future
10. Government and taxes
11. How government compares with other national institutions
Appendix A: Why partisans include 'leaners'
PublicationsNov 23, 2015
Fact Tank: 6 key takeaways about how Americans view their government
PublicationsApr 11, 2019
Little Public Support for Reductions in Federal Spending
Public Trust in Government: 1958-2019
Survey ReportsNov 15, 2018
Public Expects Gridlock, Deeper Divisions With Changed Political Landscape
PublicationsOct 29, 2018
Elections in America: Concerns Over Security, Divisions Over Expanding Access to Voting
Trust In Government
American Trends Panel


This paper proposes a personal identification method using a cell-phone that displays a face image, character data and a two-dimensional including personal identification data. The proposed method can be used to construct an electronic ID system using a cell-phone. Although plastic cards and smart cards are used as ID (identification) cards, the risk to lose these cards are large. In some countries including Japan, many people have color display cell-phones. If a cell-phone is used for personal identification, it is possible to dynamically display all of the identification data on the color display of the cell-phone. We have constructed the prototype personal identification system using a cell-phone and a Web server to identify each student who attends a class. The effectiveness and the security of the proposed personal identification method are investigated from a wide viewpoint that is not limited to the prototype. The proposed personal identification method can be extended to the general personal identification method using a cell phone.


Discover an old North American Indian remedy for colds and fever and learn why the Native Americans used it for hundreds of years. Keep reading for the full Boneset Herb Benefits for your health.
Boneset, whose scientific name is "Eupatorium perfoliatum" is a special type of highly beneficial herbal plant that belongs to the "Asteraceae" plant family just like the Chamomile and sunflower plants. This particular natural herb is indigenous to North America and can also be found in various parts of Europe.
The Boneset perennial plant which is characterized by its purplish-white flowers, as well as its hairy stalks that usually branch at the top, can grow up to about four to five feet tall. Boneset's flowers and leaves which are used medicinally contain over 23 different compounds and nutrients.
Some of these nutrients and compounds include zinc, volatile oils, calcium, iron, vitamin A & C, flavonoids, sterols and magnesium among others. Although fairly common the natural herbal plant is not widely used today. However, this does not mean that the potent herbal remedy has no medicinal properties.
This is particularly this highly informative article is going to educate you on the top 6 scientifically proven Boneset herb health benefits.
The natural herbal remedy can be consumed to help repair broken or fractured bones, alleviate bone pain and even re-calcify teeth. This is because Boneset tea when regularly drunk increases blood circulation especially to the "periosteum" which is the thin body tissue that surrounds human bones.
The natural herbal remedy has been scientifically proven to build a healthy bone mass, hence; can be used to alleviate various symptoms of muscular rheumatism as well as to treat arthritis. Apart from that, the natural herbal infusion also works on the nerves and joints both of which are major parts of the skeletal system.
Boneset is also a good immune booster. According to various scientific studies, the natural herbal remedy plays a major role in stimulating the production of white blood cells that effectively work to destroy any disease-causing micro-organisms. The natural herb also improves both slow recovery and poor immune response.
Animal studies that were carried out on the herbal plant also revealed that Boneset contains various chemical compounds (rutin and flavonoids) that work together to protect blood vessels against inflammation.
Boneset's potent antibacterial property also helps the body to form a powerful shield against various disease-causing organisms.
Boneset herbal tea can be consumed to address various common digestive problems. The herbal remedy can be consumed to increase appetite, eliminate stomach parasites and worms, alleviate constipation, treat indigestion and offer relief against stomach muscle tension among other common digestive related problems.
It is popularly recommended that you regularly drink a relatively cold Boneset tea about 30 minutes before you eat any meal if you want to alleviate multiple common digestive issues.
The fact that Boneset herbal tea is both a mild laxative and diuretic makes it a potent constipation remedy that can also be used to induce urine flow.
The Boneset herb which is also known as the "sweat plant" can be used to easily alleviate various types of fevers, especially through inducing sweat. This is because Boneset is an effective diaphoretic agent which encourages sweating when consumed. By encouraging sweating, the natural diaphoretic agent forces the body to not only cool down but to also release several harmful toxins through the skin.
The natural herb has a long history of being effectively used particularly to treat influenza and fever. For instance, Boneset was successfully used to treat influenza during the first World War. This disease alone had led to the death of about 6 to 8 million people during that period.
Boneset which is a potent anti-catarrhal (catarrhal is the widespread inflammation of the respiratory tract) natural herb can be consumed to offer congestion relief through clearing the mucous present in the upper respiratory tract. The potent herbal infusion can also be used to cure colds and flu.
To do this, simply brew and drink hot Boneset tea. This will not only encourage perspiration but also help in alleviating any aches or soreness associated with the flu or cold. Boneset herbal tea is widely used in Germany to treat multiple viral respiratory infections, including flu and the common cold.
The Boneset natural herbal remedy has been widely used for decades in the homeopathic medicine field to treat malaria. A recent scientific study that was carried out on malaria-infested mice revealed that Boneset might be a good complimentary or alternative malaria medication.
This is because the malaria-infested mice demonstrated a significant reduction in the rate of "Plasmodium" parasite multiplication. Plasmodium(1) is the harmful parasite responsible for causing malaria.
It is considered wise to always consult a qualified health practitioner or licensed herbalist before you start using any herbal remedy including Boneset. This is because the natural herb might cause various minor and major side effects that you should be aware of. Boneset despite its multiple health benefits can cause violent diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting, especially when taken in large amounts.
The herbal remedy also contains various relatively toxic compounds that have been scientifically proven to cause liver damage. Pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers, and children under the age of six should refrain from using the potent herbal remedy unless under the direct supervision of a qualified doctor. We hope you found Boneset Herb Benefits informative.


Being a Senior Consultant at Gorilla Logic is super fun, but it is even more fun leading a highly productive team under the nearshore business model. During my time at Gorilla Logic, I have had the opportunity to work as a Senior Consultant and as a Technical Lead on a very demanding set of services/products for companies that want to skyrocket their efficiency and revenue while maintaining quality, performance, and low technical debt.
Gorilla Logic differs from other companies in many regards; including seamless integration with clients' processes, adaptability to change, Agile practices adoption, and high-quality outcomes. Gorilla Logic also has a proclivity for collaboration and problem resolution advocacy in addition to well-orchestrated sets of technical skills combined with soft skills.
During my first six months at this great company, I can say with confidence that it is one of the best places I have worked at. There have been several challenges and growth opportunities, important feedback from peers, given and taken. Because of that, I have had the opportunity to identify several lessons I've learned doing things the Gorilla Logic Way.
Rather than seeing differences as threatening, embrace them as highly valuable learning opportunities. Not every person thinks the same way—solutions to problems are, more often than not, personalized expressions to issues. Diversity should only be viewed as an advantage. In diversity, we have the best mechanism for the natural selection of ideas, in which the best ones are kept and the not so good ones are let go. Learn to delegate and create a trust-based working environment for your peers.
The team is not the Tech Lead and the Tech Lead does not fully represent the variety of opinions, expertise, and knowledge of a team. Great outcome can be obtained from well orchestrated teamwork. The more ideas compiled for a given problem, the more discards there are. This translates to more organized mental models and creative ideas for problem resolution. Perspectives between team members can vary which only enriches the process and generates interesting and straightforward solutions to complex problems.
Technical challenges can be stressful, even more so when technical knowledge is lacking due to inexperience. That is why cultivating a culture of knowledge and knowledge transfer is critical for the success of your team and every individual team member. Work closely on developing learning strategies that will positively impact your team's perception on new technologies and mindsets. A team is as efficient as the sum of the efficiency of each individual team member. Incentivize learning new things, sharing knowledge, and getting out of your comfort zone more often.
There is never enough emphasis on this one. Work closely with your Scrum Master. Your Scrum Master is your friend, is the person who has the responsibility to reinforce and educate the team in regards to Agile best practices. They can assist you and help the team grow and expand. They can listen to you and advise you when the hard moments arrive (there will be some). Also, work with the client. Listen to them, and help them become a better version of themselves with every iteration.
Just as your Scrum Master can be considered a Servant Leader, the Technical Lead can also be considered a Servant Technical Lead. Despite being the Technical Lead, you are not there to be served. In fact, it is the other way around. You are meant to serve the team in every aspect—unblock them, guarantee a pleasing working environment, and enable them to excel in their tasks and be as efficient as possible. This does not mean that there will not be moments when decisions will have to be made (by you). Such scenarios will happen. However, it is up to you to realize that you cannot please everyone. Also, remember not to be too hard on yourself as this can spoil things. Instead, understand and embrace these moments as realities that require your awareness.
Gorilla Logic has posed several challenges to my Technical Lead capabilities, despite having worked in the same position for other companies. Such challenges will always be present—they will always be part of the equation. The good news is that most of them are manageable and foreseeable.
I consider myself fortunate to be part of such a unique group. One that is truly different in many regards—we put people over processes; we have each other's back and work as a team1; we understand the importance of team collaboration; and we care about the value we deliver to the client with every iteration. That's the Gorilla Logic Way.
Manuel Cerdas is a Sr. Web Consultant at Gorilla Logic. When he isn't learning new technologies, Manuel reads Sci-Fi books and rock climbs.


Clareity publishes Realty Alliance's rant list.
Gregg Larson has compiled the list of "MLS practices that are likely to create/increase conflict between MLSs and participant firms" that Craig Cheatham, CEO of The Realty Alliance, rushed through on stage last week at CMLS' annual conference in Boise, ID.
The Realty Alliance and some other large brokers and franchises have invested money in R&D on a project that could dramatically affect MLS and several vendors that were in the room know the details of this project but are under NDA so they are not talking about it. And no, technology is not a hurdle.


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Posted On The Corner
Home › Posted On The Corner
Drake's 'Certified Lover Boy' Makes Billboard Hot 100 History – First Album With Nine Top 10 Singles
Brandon Caldwell
Drake fans knew Certified Lover Boy would debut at the top of the Billboard 200 chart. What wasn't expected is how dominant the album would be on the Billboard Hot 100.
The Toronto native's sixth studio effort debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard 200 chart with an estimated 613,000 total album-equivalent units. The figure is the most for any album in 2021, besting the previous high of 309,000 total album-equivalent units by Kanye West and his Donda album.
On the Billboard Hot 100 chart, Drake managed to do something Michael Jackson or Janet Jackson could do – manage to have nine singles from a single album in the top 10 on the chart. Before Certified Lover Boy setting the mark, four albums charted seven Top 10 singles, the Jackson siblings with Thriller and Rhythm Nation 1814, Bruce Springsteen's Born In The U.S.A. and Drake's Scorpion.
Beginning with "Way 2 Sexy" with Future and Young Thug at No. 1, the 6 God logged all Top 5 positions on the Hot 100, the first for a solo artist and the first act in music since The Beatles in 1964. He and Ariana Grande are the only acts to have five No. 1 debuts on the Hot 100 chart.
Here's a breakdown of the Top 10 of the Billboard Hot 100 chart.
01. Drake – "Way 2 Sexy" feat. Future and Young Thug
02. Drake – "Girls Want Girls" feat. Lil Baby
03. Drake – "Fair Trade" feat. Travis Scott
04. Drake – "Champagne Poetry"
05. Drake – "Knife Talk" feat. 21 Savage and Project Pat
06. Justin Bieber – "Stay" feat. The Kid Laroi
07. Drake – "In the Bible" feat. Lil Durk and Givēon
08. Drake- "Papi's Home"
09. Drake – "TSU"
10. Drake – "Love All" feat. JAY-Z
Houston Connection
Drake has two singles with Houston ties in the Top 10. "Fair Trade" with Travis Scott is at No. 3, the second Top 5 collaboration between the two after "Sicko Mode." The song would eventually go diamond.
The other single, "TSU," features OG Ron C on production, the Swishahouse co-founder's first top 10 on the chart.
In total, all 21 songs on Certified Lover Boy all found their way on the Top 40 of the Billboard Hot 100. "Way 2 Sexy" marks Young Thug's third No. 1 single and Future's first after having 125 entries on the chart. Nobody is bigger than Drake on the Billboard charts even if the feat takes on a different meaning thanks to the streaming era.
Kanye West Shares Snippet Of Unreleased Andre 3000 Verse, Drake's Sound 42 Station Leaked It
Drake's 'Certified Lover Boy' Makes Billboard Hot 100 History – First Album With Nine Top 10 Singles was originally published on theboxhouston.com


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Q: Canonical commutation relations-bounded vs. unbounded picture Suppose that $Q,P$ are self-adjoint operators which satisfy the relation $$(1) \ \ \ \ \ [Q,P]=iI$$ One can easily show that in this case $P,Q$ cannot be bounded. However one can find unbounded operators (multiplication by $x$ and $\frac1i \frac{d}{dx}$) satisfying this relation. When dealing with unbounded operators one encounters problems with the domains so in order to avoid them one proceed as follows: as any self-adjoint operator gives rises to the one parameter group of unitary operators via $P \mapsto (e^{itP})_{t \in \mathbb{R}}$ one can formulate this problem in terms of this one-parameter groups. The canonical commutation relation takes the form $$(2) \ \ \     V(s)U(t)=e^{its}U(t)V(s)$$ where $U$ corresponds to $Q$ while $V $ corresponds to $P$. One form of the Stone-von Neumann theorem states that any irreducible representation of $(2)$ (say on the space $\mathcal{H}$) is unitary equivalent to the operators of multiplication by $x$ and $\frac1i \frac{d}{dx}$ (in more details: there exists a unitary $W:L^2(\mathbb{R}) \to \mathcal{H}$ such that $W^{-1}U(t)W=e^{itQ}$ and $W^{-1}V(s)W=e^{isP}$ where $P=\frac1i \frac{d}{dx}$ and $Q=M_x$. As far as I know for the relation $(1)$ this is no longer true (probably due to issues with the domains). So I would like to clarify what is the exact relation between $(1)$ and $(2)$.

Suppose that if $U(t)$ and $V(s)$ are one parameter groups of unitaries with generators $Q$ and $P$ resp. Is it true that $P,Q$ satisfy $(1)$ if and only if $U(t)$ and $V(s)$ satisfy $(2)$?

EDIT: Let me try to give some more details how I understand my question: suppose that $P,Q$ are densely defined self-adjoint operators with the property that there is a dense linear subspace $D$ contained in the intersection $\bigcap_{n,m}dom(Q^m P^n)$. Then the implication $(1) \Rightarrow (2)$ I understand as follows: we take $P,Q$ as above satisfying $(1)$ and form $U(t)=e^{itQ}$ and $V(s)=e^{isP}$ Is it true that $U(t)$ and $V(s)$ satisfy $(2)$? Regarding the opposite implication: let $U(t),V(s)$ be a one parameter groups of unitaries (strongly continuous) and take $Q,P$ to be their infinitesimal generators. Is it true that if $U(t),V(s)$ satisfy $(2)$ then $P,Q$ satisfy $(1)$? I don't see why this question is not well defined: in particular I'm not using any notion such that ,,irreducible representation of something (possibly unbounded)''. I just wanted to clarify how one can deduce $(1)$ from $(2)$ and vice versa


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