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WO2000077163A1 - Electrochemical device for moving particles covered with protein - Google Patents
Electrochemical device for moving particles covered with protein Download PDF
WO2000077163A1 PCT/JP2000/003789 JP0003789W WO0077163A1 WO 2000077163 A1 WO2000077163 A1 WO 2000077163A1 JP 0003789 W JP0003789 W JP 0003789W WO 0077163 A1 WO0077163 A1 WO 0077163A1
Toshikazu Tomioka
Akira Ryoji
Tomoe Ono
Hiroaki Yoshida
1999-06-10 Priority to JP11163518A priority Critical patent/JP2000350573A/en
1999-06-10 Priority to JP11/163518 priority
1999-07-07 Priority to JP19325599A priority patent/JP2001017156A/en
2000-05-23 Priority to JP2000/150960 priority
2000-05-23 Priority to JP2000150960A priority patent/JP2001327973A/en
2000-06-12 Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
C12M47/00—Means for after-treatment of the produced biomass or of the fermentation or metabolic products, e.g. storage of biomass
C12M47/02—Separating microorganisms from the culture medium; Concentration of biomass
G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electro-chemical, or magnetic means
G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electro-chemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
G01N27/416—Systems
G01N27/447—Systems using electrophoresis
G01N2001/4038—Concentrating samples electric methods, e.g. electromigration, electrophoresis, ionisation
An electrochemical device for moving particles covered with a protein, characterized in that it has at least n pieces (n ≥ 2) of electrodes contacting with a liquid containing particles covered with a protein and a circuit generating a potential difference between the above electrodes in a range such that it does not cause the electrolysis of the liquid, and thereby has an ability to move the above particles to the direction toward the above electrodes. The electrochemical device can move particles covered with a protein with a simple and easy procedure, and thus can be applied for an apparatus for increasing or decreasing a microbe concentration in a test liquid, a method or an apparatus for attracting a blood component which can remove a microbe from a blood sample by a physical procedure, and an electrical apparatus which can deduce a microbe concentration on the surface of a heat exchanger.
Bright fine manual protein-coated particles moving electrochemical device
The present invention relates to an electrochemical device for moving the protein coated particles, such as microorganisms and blood cell components.
Conventionally, many improvements with respect to the detection of microorganisms have been made. Improvement of the maximum is the increase in detection sensitivity. However, there is still open between the concentration and detection sensitivity damage is observed to humans by microorganisms, Ru improvement name Sara of detection sensitivity is required. In contrast, a method of improving the detection sensitivity by concentrating the microbial concentration of, for example, sample solution has been studied. The most widely method performed among such methods, a method of concentrating the microbial concentration by filtration and redispersion.
However, there is a microorganism that is not re-extracted at redispersed adsorbed on the filter medium, such microorganisms has a problem that has difficulty quantified. Further, in the above technology field, good quantitative properties, a technique for inexpensively concentrated microbial concentration in a short time as compared to the growth time of the microorganism. By a simple operation has been desired. Furthermore. Regard disposal of such materials used in the concentration, inexpensive and easily contaminated and hard material environment has been desired at the time of disposal.
Further, conventionally, the removal of microorganisms contained in the blood sample have been made many improvements with respect to (sterilization), generally, a method of killing bacteria used drug in this sterilization have been taken.
However, a liquid blood itself contains many nutrients, act as a medium for microorganisms, the method of sterilization has various problems. For example, the sterilization rate is limited, phytotoxicity may occur from the use of drugs. Especially for phytotoxicity, when various bacteria develop resistance against fungicides, may induce such nosocomial infections through the blood, it is necessary to develop newer fungicides, i.e., development of a bactericide but, no longer forced to repeat the competition with the acquisition of 耐殺 bacteria-resistant bacteria, with each other to develop the social problems of today.
Therefore, fungicides refrain from using routinely sterilizing agent to remove the chemically bacteria to merely used as a last resort, and simple physical disinfection how is desired. Furthermore, for such also materials used in the sterilization, it can be inexpensively and easily discarded, pollute the environment difficulty casting has been desired at the time of disposal.
In addition, for example, for electrical appliances such as air conditioners, it has been made many consider the microorganisms contained in the air to be blown into the room. For example, the filter provided in the air passage of the air conditioner, collecting the microorganisms contained in the air, further arranged an antibacterial agent to the filter surface, devised proposals such as inhibiting the activity of the collected microorganisms, performed It is.
However, in the air, the inorganic component and an organic component evaporates from the organism with a microorganism, as well as organic components suspended are present, these may become a nutrient source for microorganisms. That, sweat in the air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen compounds such as ammonia components, Once inside the air conditioner are incorporated into condensed water in the condensation heat exchanger surfaces. On the other hand, it adheres to the heat exchanger table surface in a similar manner floating microorganisms. Heat exchanger, since it is controlled so as to repeat the deactivation temperature of the surrounding environment, repeated wetting and drying. Further, while the air conditioner starts and stops repeatedly operated in cycles of one day, the microorganisms described above attached has the potential to grow in nutrient source that incorporated taken. Furthermore, the grown microorganisms, if continued on the dry heat exchanger, conformability to the heat exchanger surface is likely to scatter to the connexion again in air of low.
Moreover, refrigerators have a heat exchanger therein similarly to the air conditioner, microorganisms scattered from food product to be yield capacity therein to adhere to the surface of the heat exchanger. Then. The like temperature during thawing cycle of the heat exchanger surfaces and breed a microorganism, it is possible to re-contaminate the refrigerator. Therefore, to reduce the microbial heat exchanger surfaces, to keep the cleanliness is required.
As described above, conventionally, the presence of the protein in the coated particles, such as microorganisms and blood cell components is an important factor for such sterilization from the test concentration of the solution, adjusting blood components and air conditioners.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention to provide an electrochemical device capable of this moving such particles by a simple method.
More particularly, the present invention is, in the detection containing microorganisms microorganism concentration condensing apparatus and sterilization apparatus capable of enrichment and concentration of microorganisms, blood components from the blood sample separation and Z or from blood samples and to provide an electrical device capable of reducing microbial concentration of the blood component attracting device and blood components attraction method, the heat exchanger surface as well, which can physically perform that removal of microorganisms. Disclosure of the Invention
The present invention includes a circuit to cause less contact with the liquid containing the coated particles with protein and also n (n≥ 2) pieces of electrodes, and a potential difference in the range where the liquid is not electrolyzed between the respective electrodes and relates to protein-coated particles child moving electrochemical apparatus characterized by moving in the direction of arrangement of by Ri the electrode to the electrophoretic the particles.
In this electrochemical device, said circuit, said liquid is a circuit for sweeping applying a voltage in the range have an electrolyzed sequentially in a constant direction to the n electrode, the particles in the direction by electrophoresis it is effective to move the (also the evening a coated particle microorganisms and Z or blood cells in protein, it is effective to obtain a liquid concentrated microorganisms and Z or blood cell component concentration.
Also has a structure in which the liquid flows between the electrodes, the direction of flow and voltage application pressure direction of said liquid to each electrode is effective to vertical.
Further, the electrode is a spiral electrode, to face the same center point not overlap to the end portion of the inner side with each other from the outer end of the electrode, it is effective that the electrode is arranged .
Further, the electrode is a helical electrode, so as not to overlap each other to the end portion of the lower side from the upper end of the electrode, it is effective the electrode is arranged.
Further, the electrode is a sheet-shaped porous electrodes, the laminated body of the electrode and the sheet-shaped multi Anashitsusupesa, the electrode and spacer one n (n≥ 3) so as to sequentially number stacked to include a wound electrode obtained by winding Te are valid.
Further, in the electrochemical device has a redox potential the n electrodes that differ from one another, wherein the circuit is a circuit to short-circuit between the n electrode, the electrode by electrophoresis the particles and the child to move in the direction in which line up is valid.
In this case, the coated particles in said protein are microorganisms and Roh or blood cell components, it is effective to obtain a liquid concentrated microorganisms and Z or blood cell component concentration.
Also it has the introduction portion and the discharge portion of the liquid to high near the electrode of the redox potential, further microorganism discharge portion and was Z or a lower electrode around the redox potential is effective to have a microorganism adsorption portion. - Further, the gap between the electrodes, it is effective having electrical insulation properties structures that can be the liquid moves.
The lowest electrode other than the electrode of the redox potential, it is effective to have a structure that is capable of flowing the liquid body into the gap.
Moreover, said structure, a porous body shape, it is effective that a mesh-like or brush-like.
Further, the lowest electrode other than the electrode of the redox potential, the a film shape capable of transmitting a microorganism and Z or blood cell component Ru contained in the liquid, is laminated on the surface of the conductive stunning edges of structure it is effective. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention. Figure 2 is the concentration of microorganisms concentrator of the present invention, showing how the circuit sweeps applied to the electrodes.
Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view showing an essential part of the structure of a microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention using the spiral type electrode.
Figure 4 is a schematic perspective view partially broken away of a microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention to a planar substrate having disposed spiral electrode formed by stacking a plurality of 3, 5, helical electrode it is a schematic perspective view showing a main part of the microorganisms concentration concentrator of the present invention using.
Figure 6 is a schematic perspective view showing an essential part of the structure of a microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention using a sheet-shaped porous electrodes.
Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a sterilization apparatus of the present invention using the wound electrode.
Figure 8 is a schematic perspective view partially broken away of the wound electrode in the sterilization apparatus shown in FIG. Figure 9 is a schematic perspective view of a box-shaped sterilization apparatus of the present invention.
Figure 1 0 is a schematic perspective view of the air conditioner heat exchanger portion of the interior of the present invention. Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a microorganism concentration enriched cell prepared in Example 8 of the present invention.
Figure 1 2 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a microorganism concentration condensing apparatus manufactured in Example 8 of the present invention.
Figure 1 3 is a configuration diagram of a bandage according to an embodiment of the blood component attracting device of the present invention.
Figure 1 4 is a configuration view of the sanitary napkin down according to an embodiment of the blood component attracting device of the present invention.
Figure 1 5 is a schematic perspective view of the air conditioner heat exchanger portion of the interior of the present invention. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present inventors have found that the protein coated particles, such as microorganisms and blood cell components, due to the protein focused on having a constant charge, and have completed the present invention. That is, the present invention is at least in contact with the liquid containing the coated particles with protein n (n≥ 2) pieces of electrodes, and wherein the liquid times cause a potential difference range not electrolyzed between the respective electrodes path comprising a relates protein coated particles move for electrochemical devices evening, characterized in that moving by electrophoresis the particles.
Coated particles with the protein, such as dispersions or suspensions, may be included in the liquid in any state. Then, as the particles, such as microorganisms and Bruno or blood cell components and the like. Thus, the prior SL liquid, may be included and other solvent or electrolyte.
When applying this electrochemical device to the electrical device comprises a heat exchanger, the onset Ming, face each other across the heat exchanger and the gap, and the heat exchanger to the condensation water Ru to flow out γ from the heat exchanger together with the surface of the has opposed member which is Installation in a position in contact with the condensed water, heat exchange, wherein the microorganism present between the opposing member and the heat exchanger to move in the direction of the opposing member vessel to provide an electrical device that example Bei the.
The electrochemical device of the present invention further can be applied to various devices <particular, by changing the configuration of the type and circuitry of the electrode, it is possible to obtain an electrochemical device which operates mainly by two mechanisms .
Specifically, the present invention includes a plurality of the same redox potential electrode, of the plurality having and a plurality of first using circuit voltage can sweep applied to electrodes of an electrochemical device. And different redox potentials electrodes, and providing a second electrochemical device using the circuit for short-circuiting the plurality of electrodes. In particular, the present inventors have found that, in the second electrochemical device, actively if even voltage rather applies the use of the plurality of electrodes having different oxidation-reduction potential, by simply shorting between the electrodes found that can move the particles. More specifically, the present invention, the particles and the type of liquid, the number and type of electrodes of the liquid, and Ri by the appropriately changing and configuration of the circuit, the microorganism concentration having such various functions and forms concentrator, can be used as a filtering apparatus and a blood component attracting device.
The following describes the first electrochemical device and second electrochemical device.
(1) for the first electrochemical device
① microbial concentration concentrator
The present invention is, at least in contact with the detection containing microorganisms n (n≥ 3) pieces of electrodes sequentially constant the electrode arrangement and substrate, and the voltage of the range of the detection is not electrolyzed to each electrode of comprising a circuit for sweeping applied in a direction, the microorganisms in the detection is moved by electrophoresis, to provide a microorganism concentration concentrator to a high concentration of microorganisms to be detected.
In this microorganism concentration condensing apparatus, the electrodes are located in spiral electrode. And said substrate is a planar substrate, the same central point without overlapping the outer edge of the electrode to the inner end with each other as directed in, it is effective to place the electrode on the flat surface portion.
Further, the electrode is a helical electrode, and as said substrate Ri columnar substrate der, do not overlap each other to the end portion of the lower side from the upper end of the electrode, the columnar portion of the electrode it is effective to dispose of the side surface.
Further, the electrode is a sheet-shaped porous electrodes, and wherein the substrate is a sheet-like porous spacer in the order of the electrode Oyo Bisupe colonel not overlap the electrode end of each stack so that, the laminate of the electrodes and the spacers and n (n ≥ 3) pieces laminated, it is effective to wound.
Further, the circuit is, the positive voltage is applied to the microorganism migration to the first electrode of the n electrode, microorganisms in said simultaneously by applying a positive voltage to the microorganism migration to the second electrode and the first electrode by applying a negative voltage to the electrophoresis,
Simultaneously applying a positive voltage to the microorganism migration to the electrodes of the n first (n-1) by applying a negative voltage to the microorganism migration to ~ 1 of the electrode, a further positive voltage to the microorganism migration to the first electrode When applied to microorganism migration to the n to 2 of the electrode at the same time performs a sweep application of a negative voltage is applied, it is effective microorganisms from the first electrode toward the electrode of the first n is focusing.
Further, the circuit is, in terms of microorganisms distance run on a 1 0 0 m Z sec speeds below, it is effective to sweep applying a voltage to the electrode.
A substrate disposed the electrode may be provided a plurality. Furthermore, each electrode may constitute the counter electrode.
Microorganism concentration condensing apparatus described above, also n and less contact with the test liquid containing a microorganism (n≥ 3) pieces of electrodes, material groups arranging the electrodes, and the voltage range of the object detection is not electrolyzed comprising a circuit for sequentially sweeping applied in a certain direction to each electrode, microorganisms in the object to be detected is displaced on the base material, in which it is possible to obtain a high test liquid of microorganism concentration.
This microorganism concentration condensing apparatus are those used for detecting the concentration of microorganisms in the detection, used in some of the microbial concentration measuring system, wherein, in Figure 1, the microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention It shows a schematic diagram conceptually showing the structure of a. As shown in FIG. 1, the microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention, the sweep test solution part, concentrate the sample liquid portion and a microorganism concentration concentration of test fluid system, and a voltage to the electrodes of the microorganism concentration enrichment section consisting circuit unit for applying.
The number of electrodes is not particularly limited as long as three or more. Hereinafter, as a representative in the case where the number of electrodes is three, the operation principle of the microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention.
First, the electrodes disposed in accordance with the configuration as described above, a voltage of an extent that electrolyte contained in the detection target detection, especially no electrolysis. The degree of voltage that does not electrolysis of this, the electrode, the solvent containing microorganisms, may be determined depending on the electrolyte and medium.
By applying such a voltage, without deteriorating the electrolysis of the detector, it is the this move by electrophoresis the microorganisms negatively charged. That is, the negative one of the electrodes, by the other positive, Ru Nodea capable of migrating microbes toward the negative portion to the positive portion. As a result the microorganism concentration can be obtained with a test fluid enriched as will be described in more detail how the application of a voltage to each electrode. Application of voltage, in order to migrate the microorganism in a constant direction along each electrode, preferably carried out in order at regular intervals. Preferably, therefore, apply a pulsed potential. Figure 2 is Oite microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention, showing how the circuit sweeps applies a voltage to each electrode.
Electrode, the first electrode are sequentially respectively in a direction to migration of microorganisms, the second electrode, the third electrode, and sign pressurized in the order of the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode, again in the a voltage is applied to the first electrode, in which repeated forward as soon as the second electrode, the third electrode.
Time from application to one of the electrode to be applied to the next electrode, ie sweep rate, the electrode spacing varies due to the thickness of the electrodes, substantially lower than the rate of the microorganism migrating There is a need to. The present inventors, as a result of the experiment, the speed of microorganisms electrophoresed in a microorganism concentrator of the present invention is 1 0 0 m / sec from or less, substantially 1 applied sweep rate 0 0 / xm Z sec with less, we found that it is possible to migrate the microorganism of interest in a good recovery.
Further, microorganisms target der test liquid concentrates contain are those that can be moved by electrophoresis when a voltage is applied. For example, E. coli, such as Staphylococcus aureus, and the like.
Further, as the material constituting the electrodes, der those used conventionally connexion well, for example aluminum foil, copper foil, copper mesh, sponge metal, carbon fiber, and carbon mesh and the like.
The material constituting the substrate, it is possible to have use for example a glass plate, glass Matsudo, polypropylene nonwoven, an insulating material such as a polyester nonwoven fabric.
The following will be more specifically described microbial concentration concentrating device of the first electrochemical device of the present invention with reference to Examples, the present invention is not shall be limited only to these. Example 1 FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing an essential part of the structure of a microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention using the spiral type electrode. Here, using three electrodes. In an embodiment of this, the electrode is a spiral electrode, and the substrate is a planar substrate. As the outer end of the electrode to the inner end moves toward the overlapping without same center to each other, the electrodes are arranged on the planar substrate.
As shown in FIG. 3, for example, the substrate 1 made of an insulating material such as a glass plate, the electrode 2 of the spiral, 3 and 4 are arranged. The substrate may be composed of a porous material microorganism can pass. Further, it needs to have a flat portion which spiral electrode may be disposed, as is the shape, but may be a square shape be circular shape.
From the end portion 2 a, 3 a and 4 a of the outside of each electrode to the inner end 2 b, 3 b and 4 b, are arranged so as not to overlap each other. That is, each electrode is a structure in which the electrode inlet at one end of the outer periphery of the base 1 end 2 a, 3 a and 4 a are provided, that are arranged without contacting one another. Then, each electrode Biteiru Shin toward the same center (a microorganism exit 5 in this case). The electrode may also be arranged three-dimensionally in a position to counter even be on the same plane.
For example, so as to face each other across the spiral electrode on the planar substrate space, a planar substrate provided with the spiral electrodes are arranged two, to concentrate the microbial concentration of the test solution in the space it is also possible. That is, before Symbol electrode may constitute a counter electrode.
The operation principle of this microorganism concentration condensing apparatus are as described above, moved by controlling the sweep speed for applying a voltage sequentially to each electrode, microorganisms from the outer peripheral portion of the spiral electrodes to the center of the spiral electrode Ru can be. Thus, only the microorganisms in the test solution can trigger moves a microorganism exit 5, the microorganism concentration can be obtained with a test fluid enriched as a result.
Incidentally, in the center of the spiral type electrode, by providing the microorganism exit 5, the outer periphery and the inner periphery of the ratio of the spiral can type electrodes, i.e. the outer periphery and the inner periphery of the ratio to equal not concentration ratio of the diameter is obtained theoretically .
Further, the present inventors have made intensive studies results, the microorganism concentration condensing apparatus shown in Example 1 was found to be preferable for example to operate under the following conditions.
Applied voltage 0. 7 VZ between the electrodes
Electrode distance 8 6 m (maximum 1 0 0 m) bacteria moving distance 2 0 m Z sec
Direction of bacteria moving direction anode (applied voltage)
Electrode material aluminum foil, copper foil
The base material glass plate
To obtain even better microorganism concentration effect, conceivable embodiment as shown in FIG. Figure 4 is a schematic oblique view diagram partially cutaway microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention in which a plane on a substrate arranged a spiral electrode formed by stacking a plurality as shown in FIG.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, a plurality stacked flat planar substrate having disposed spiral electrodes shown in FIG. 3, it is provided with a hollow core member 5 'to be an electrode microbial outlet 5 of the center. Then, cover the outer circumference in the cylindrical body 6. Then, the hollow core member 5 'in the groove or hole (not shown.) The is provided, such as a microorganism moved by electrophoresis, for example the core material 5' in a container provided in the lower portion (not shown.) recovery may be.
In order to introduce a test liquid, e.g., further established the Sayajo body outside of the cylindrical member 6, and provided hole leading to the inside the cylindrical body 6 may be configured to be detected introduction. It may be provided separately with a test fluid introduction device separate from the cylindrical member 6.
In this case, the hollow core member 5 which gather microorganism 'is positively charged, it is sufficient to cylindrical member 6 carry a negative charge.
According to this aspect, it is possible to further improve the effects of the microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention in microorganisms concentration measurement system described above. Example 2
Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view showing an essential part of the structure of a microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention using the spiral type electrode. The electrodes microorganism concentration concentrator according to this embodiment is a helical electrode, and the substrate is a columnar base material, so as not to overlap each other to the end portion of the lower side from the upper end of the electrode It is arranged the electrode on the side surface of the columnar portion.
As shown in FIG. 5, three spiral electrodes 8, 9 and 1 0, from the upper end 8 a, 9 a and 1 0 a towards the end of the lower side (not shown.). It is disposed on a side surface of a cylindrical substrate 7 without overlapping each other. Here, as columnar substrate showed cylindrical substrate 7, it may be a base material such as, for example, prismatic. Further, it may be a hollow.
The material for the substrate may be the same as those shown in Example 1 above. For example, the interior of the substrate so that the microbe can pass, constitute the substrate with the multi-porous material may be hollow.
Incidentally, helical electrodes may be placed three-dimensionally on concentric circles to be on the same plane.
For example, using two hollow cylindrical having different diameters as a substrate, providing a helical electrode to the outer surface of the circular columnar base material A small diameter. The cylindrical base material B of a large diameter, provided with helical electrode on its inner surface. Then, by installing a cylindrical base material A within the circle columnar base material B to form a space between the two substrates, it is possible to concentrate the microbial concentration of the test solution in this empty easy. Thus, the electrode may constitute the counter electrode.
In this microorganism concentration condensing apparatus, as described above, by appropriately controlling the sweep speed of applying a voltage, it can be from one end of the columnar substrate to the other end along the. Helical electrode moving the microorganism .
One end in the sample cell suspension introduction of the columnar substrate (not shown.) Provided, also microorganisms outlet (not shown.) At the other end by providing the, to achieve a good microbial enrichment efficiency it can.
Furthermore, for specific operating conditions it may be the same as in Example 1. Example 3
Figure 6 is a schematic perspective view showing an essential part of the structure of a microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention using a sheet-shaped porous electrodes. Concentration of microorganisms concentrator according to this embodiment, the electrode is a sheet-shaped porous electrodes, and wherein the substrate is a sheet-like porous spacer. As the electrode end of each stack is in the order of the electrodes and the spacer does not overlap, the laminate of the electrodes and the scan Bae over THE and n (n≥ 3) pieces laminated, the resulting laminate the body has been wound.
Sheet-like porous electrode 1 1, 1 2 and 1 3 are those microorganisms each having a large number of holes that can be transmitted, microorganisms permeable porous sheet provided between the electrodes spacer 1 4, 1 5 and laminated together with 1 6 are wound. That is, the electrodes 1 1, 1 2 and 1 3 are not in contact with each other, or, the electrode take-out port 1 1 a, 1 2 a and 1 3 a is found at one end of the outer periphery.
The operation principle of the microorganism concentration condensing apparatus according to this embodiment is as described above, Ri by the appropriately controlling the sweep speed for applying a voltage to the electrode, the outer periphery of the sheet electrode appearing spirally it is possible to move the microorganism 1 product from part to the center part.
In this case, the central portion of the spiral, for example, microorganisms outlet to become cylindrical member (not shown.) By providing the spiral periphery and spiral inner periphery of the ratio, concentration ratio i.e. equal to the ratio of the outer periphery and the inner periphery of the diameter obtained on the theory.
Incidentally, in this case, as a material constituting the sheet-like porous electrode is an electrode, for example, copper mesh, sponge metal, such as carbon mesh and the like. Further, as the material constituting the sheet-like porous spacer is a base material, such as polypropylene nonwoven and nonwoven polyester fabric and the like. Example 4
A substrate placing the electrode shown in the third embodiment a plurality of prepared, ligated the extraction portion 1 1 a, 1 2 a and 1 3 a provided on the respective electrodes, a plurality linking substrate arranged electrodes it is also as possible out to obtain a microorganism concentration concentrator formed by.
By adopting such a structure, it is possible to increase the amount of test liquid to be processed can be improved to be al the concentration effect of the concentration of microorganisms in the specimen bacterial solution.
According to a microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention, compared to the method which has been followed by concentration of the microbial concentration by filtration and reextraction of the detection, including microorganisms, a small number of steps, easily and in a short time, quantitative properties and stably it can be performed enrichment concentration of microbes in a test fluid Te.
Further, the microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention, by selecting the constituent material appropriately may be in any of the disposable type and continuous-use. Application is wide.
In addition, also it has both the effect of wear in use for, for example, purified water pipe and filtering apparatus for the food industry. ② sterilization apparatus
Next, the present invention provides an inlet for flowing into the apparatus with a test fluid containing microorganisms, inflow guide for guiding the test liquid from the inlet to the vicinity of the cathode, in contact inflowing said in test liquid, and the at least having pores which the detection can pass n (n≥ 3) pieces of electrodes, the negative electrode was disposed so as to sandwich the n pieces of electrodes with respect to the positive electrode, wherein the sample liquid passed through the n pieces of electrodes discharge port for discharging the outflow guide directs the flow of the detection of output discharge, and the comprises a circuit for sweeping applying a voltage in the range of the test solution is not electrolyzed sequentially a predetermined direction to the n electrode sterilization device that also provides.
In the filtering apparatus, the n number of electrodes, the n pieces of mesh electrode, using a spiral type electrode is obtained et the insulating layer by winding while being sandwiched between the electrodes having pores capable of transmitting the test liquid . It is effective direction of flow of the test liquid is positioned vertically comprising a voltage application direction and microorganisms to the electrode.
The stacked as the n electrode is a porous flat electrodes having pores capable of transmitting the test solution, sandwiched between an insulating layer having pores that can test liquid transmitted between the electrodes between the electrodes and units with several laminated structures repeatedly obtained, the flow direction of the processing bacterial solution including a voltage application direction and microorganisms to the electrode is effective to position to a vertical or counteract.
Further, the circuit, the negative voltage is applied to the first electrode of the n electrodes, a positive voltage is applied to the second electrode, the first position and the second is non-electrode of the electrode voltage keeps the unconnected applying no, the next timing, the negative voltage is applied to the second electrode, a positive voltage is applied to the third electrodes, other than the second and third electrodes electrodes keeps the unconnected no applied voltage, the further next timing, it is effective to sweep voltage applied by shifting one by one sequentially applied state in the same manner as described above.
As the timing of the circuit sweeps applied, time to change to a positive voltage application is applied from the negative voltage, 1 0 0 m / sec or less in terms of the distance between electrodes Z sweep timing period (one period of time / n) it is effective it is. It is also possible by arranging a plurality of electrode structures as described above. Example 5
Wound electrode first with the exception filtering apparatus Nitsu according to the electrochemical device of the present invention with a schematic diagram wound electrode number showing the configuration of a three filtering apparatus in FIG. Further, Figure 8 shows the schematic partially cut-away perspective view of a wound electrode 2 1 in the sterilization apparatus shown in FIG.
First described method of filtering apparatus according to the present embodiment. The wire diameter 0.2 2 comprising a copper wire of mm 3 0 copper net meshes, was cut to a width 1 0 cm, length 3 0 cm, subjected to a treatment to the end, and pulling out the lead wire from the end portion machining alms, to prepare 3 sheets of mesh-shaped electrodes 2 2.
Then, the width respectively 1 cm wide dimension in length than the copper network, 3 0 mesh to prepare 3 sheets of mesh-shaped insulation layer 2 3 made of polyester mesh having a thickness of about 3 0 0 m in.
Alternately laminating the copper net and the insulating layer, by winding the core material of about 5 mm (not shown.), To obtain a wound structure about 4 cm in diameter. This surface of the wound structure, wound the same polyester mesh as that used for the insulating layer, to obtain further wound electrode 2 1 wound the same copper mesh as that used for the electrodes on the surface thereof . Incidentally, a similar re and the electrode on the copper mesh - subjected to de drawer machining.
This wound electrode 2 1 accommodated in the inner diameter 4. 5 cm approximately cylindrical filtering apparatus for container 2 4. The container 2 4 has a dimension in which the wound electrode can be exactly housed. Bottom is planar structure, washout port 2 5 set vignetting at the center thereof, the bottom side test fluid outlet 2 6 after treatment is provided. Also in the bottom, it was placed funnel-shaped outflow GUIDE 2 7 to be able to discharge the objects to be detected without causing turbulence.
On the outflow guide 2 7, arranged to place the wound electrode, because that facilitates the introduction of the detection thereon, digits set a funnel-shaped inflow guide 2 8. The inlet guide 2 8 test fluid inlet 2 9 on the side surface of the formed, was leaked without structure inlet below the sample liquid.
After the above structure is completed, with pulled out of the core material was inserted approximately 0. 5 copper wire 3 0 mm to penetrate up to the mouth 2 5 out have washed the portion of the core material. With copper wire 3 0 This each outgoing lead wires 3 1, while with the sleeve so as not to electrically contact, withdrawn from the top of the container 2 4. Thus, to complete the main body of the filtering apparatus.
Next, a circuit and its operation principle driving the body portion of the sterilization apparatus thus completed.
Circuit used in driving of the filtering apparatus is a relay circuit or a semiconductor circuit, 0. 7 V voltage time connected to the positive side of the power supply electrode for generating a. Time connected to the negative electrode, and a power supply circuit the time it does not connect, one in which sequentially repeated in this order in.
Sterilization device, between the liquid entering from the sample liquid inlet, until it flows out in a test fluid outlet, is intended to sterilization. That is, at least n (n≥ 3) pieces of electrodes contacting the object to be detected, the negative electrode of the pair of electrodes of the positive electrode and the center of the arrangement so as to sandwich the electrodes has been the outermost shell, and the test liquid is electrically the circuit voltage for the sweep sequentially applied to the predetermined direction to the respective electrodes in the range that does not decompose immediately Bei, the microorganisms in the object to be detected is transferred to the electrodes of the central portion, is discharged from the mouth out have washed microbial it is what it is. The filtering apparatus is attracted to the electrode formed by laminating a microorganism in a test solution, by sweeping applying a voltage to the electrodes, the microorganism was collected from the vicinity of one electrode near the other pole of the electrode, finally after suppressing the movement of the microorganisms, it is intended to discharge. During this time, the detection containing microorganisms to be supplied to the device is sterilized.
As a configuration example of the present invention, but as the number of the wound electrodes illustrated the three structure is not particularly limited as long as three or more. It will be described below with a representative when the number of bulletin clogs wound electrode as a structural illustration of three.
First, the electrodes disposed in accordance with the configuration such as to apply a voltage to the extent that the detection is not decomposed electricity. Voltage enough to the no electrolysis. Electrode and is determined by the type and amount of the solvent or electrolyte contained in a test solution, with water to be used for normal lifestyle, if they do not contain special salt, below IV it is sufficient. In this embodiment, using 0. 7 V.
By applying such a voltage, it can be moved to the positive electrode side rather than by electrophoresis microorganisms negatively charged degrade by electrolysis to be detected. That is, a negative one electrode, the other a positive and a child, it is the as possible out be electrophoresed microorganism toward the negative portion to the positive portion. The voltage application, sterilization apparatus be to sweep toward the inner peripheral side from the outer side of the container, it is possible to reduce the microbial concentration in the vicinity of the outer peripheral side of the electrode within said vessel. This operation is continuously performed to retrieve the outer peripheral side of the processing liquid continuously, it is possible to obtain a test liquid having reduced concentration of microorganisms.
Also, toward the inner circumference side near the electrode, microbial concentration in the test solution is high, the innermost electrode is a number of microorganisms are concentrated. Microorganisms after repeated movement several times, its activity is reduced. Since that would microorganism concentration are present close to each other, that also decreases divide proliferative. The original innermost electrodes, because not is provided washout port 2 5, microorganisms the aggregate is continuously discharged.
Will be described in more detail how the application of a voltage to each electrode.
Application of voltage, in order to migrate the microorganism in a constant direction along each electrode, preferably carried out in the order with a fixed-in evening one Bal. Preferably, therefore, apply a pulsed potential.
Table 1, for a portion of the electrode to be arranged in the filtering apparatus having a wound type electrode of the present embodiment, the voltage applied state, shows the movement of the microorganism in the test solution for timing.
Electrode includes a first electrode in the forward respectively in a direction to migrate microorganisms, and a second electrode 3 electrode, first electrode, second electrode, and sequentially applied to the third electrode, then again the first electrode (fourth electrode a voltage is applied to the referred in the table), the order-order second electrode, in which repeated the third electrode.
That is, the first electrode by applying a negative voltage, the second electrode a positive voltage is applied, the third electrode is in a state that does not connect to a power source. In this case the microorganism is moved from the first electrode to be attracted to the positive voltage application side to the second electrode. The first electrode of the fourth electrode ie round destination but a negative voltage is applied although the third electrode resulting in attraction phenomenon between the second electrode and the fourth electrode because they are not connected, between the electrodes apart its attractiveness move very little for that. The While therefor; this evening Imi ring, microorganisms of the between the first electrode and the second electrode is moved from the first electrode to the second electrode.
In the next timing, the first electrode is not connected to a power source, a second electrode is connected to the third electrode to the positive electrode to the negative electrode. Thus the fourth electrode or first electrode of the round destination is in a state not connected. The same principle as above, microorganism present between the second electrode and the third electrode moves the second electrode toward the third electrode. Further in the next timing, a positive voltage to the first electrode, in a state where the second electrode is not connected to the power supply, the third electrode negative electrode, the first electrode of the fourth electrode or round destination in a state connected to the positive electrode to. Again similar to the above principle, between the third and fourth electrodes, arising a movement of microorganism towards the fourth electrode.
Taken together, if successively sweeping the timing of three above microorganism will move from the first electrode towards the fourth electrode. By performing sequentially continue these sweeps, microorganisms, sequentially moves toward the electrode of the innermost shell from the electrodes of the outermost shell. This operation was carried out in the sterilization apparatus in the container, it can be blended into the liquid to be cane processing near the outermost, removing the microorganisms in the liquid.
Time from application to one of the electrode to be applied to the next electrode, ie sweep rate, distance between the electrodes, the electrode thickness, such as the flow rate of the treated cells liquid, and the treatment liquid temperature, It varies depending on the environment conditions such as the concentration of the electrolyte, in effect it is necessary to lower than the speed of the microorganism migrating in the electrode direction upon application of an electric field. The present inventors, as a result of the experiment, the speed of microorganisms electrophoresed in a microorganism concentrator of the present invention because it is less 1 0 0 mZ sec, substantially 1 0 0 mZ sec following the mark pressurized sweep rate by, it found that can improve the sterilization efficiency of the processor bacterial solution by discharging collect microorganisms of interest in the constant electrode direction.
Moreover, the microorganism which is the subject of sterilization is to be moved by electrophoresis when a voltage is applied. Such as E. coli, such as Staphylococcus aureus and the like, further, as the material constituting the electrodes, der those used conventionally connexion well, for example aluminum foil, copper foil, copper mesh, sponge metal, carbon fiber, carbon mesh, etc. and the like.
The material constituting the insulating layer, can be used, for example glass wool, polyps and Russia pyrene mesh, an insulating material such as polyester mesh or their nonwoven.
Further, the present inventors have made intensive studies results, dividing KinSo location shown in the first embodiment has been found that it is preferable for example to operate under the following conditions.
Voltage applied between 0. 7 VZ electrode
Electrode distance 2 0 0 ^ m
Bacteria moving distance 2 0 xm / sec
Electrode material copper mesh (about 1 0 0 m thickness)
Insulating layer polyester mesh (about 2 0 0 m thick) Example 6
In this example, a sterilization apparatus having a stacked ύ electrode to further form the filtering apparatus box-shaped. The number of laminated electrodes is a schematic perspective view of three pairs of box-type filtering apparatus in Fig.
First described method of filtering apparatus according to the present embodiment. Wire diameter 0. The 2 2 mm 3 0 copper net of mesh of copper wire, was cut to a width 1 0 cm, length 1 0 cm, was subjected to a treatment end. It was prepared 1 two mesh electrodes (a, b, and c) further pull the lead wire from the end portion.
Preparing Then, the width respectively 1 cm wide dimension in length than the copper net, 1 three insulating layers made of polyester mesh having a thickness of about 3 0 0 3 0 mesh to (a ', b', c ') did. In FIG. 9, these number are omitted.
First prepare the one of the insulating layer, the copper net and the insulating layer in the center thereon are alternately laminated as copper net each other maintain the insulation state, laminating the final insulating layer. Lead lead portions and the 4th lead lead portions of the first sheet of copper net, lead pull-out part of the 7th, connecting the 1 0 th lead lead portions. Likewise By connecting the n sheet and n + 3 th lead lead portions to form three sets of electrodes connected to four copper network.
The three sets of electrodes housed in the sterilizing container of box-shaped, the second sheet of copper network side above the treatment liquid inlet of the electrode and the liquid so as not to cause turbulence in providing the inflow guide plate. On the other hand, below the processing liquid inlet port by providing the treatment liquid outlet and guide plate, constituting the sterilization apparatus.
Voltage application timing and operation principle of the electrodes to the device are the same as in Example 5.
Similarly, as the material constituting the electrodes, der those used conventionally connexion well, for example aluminum foil, copper foil, copper mesh, punching metal, scan Ponjimetaru, carbon fibers, carbon mesh, a porous sintered metal Nadogaa It is below. The material constituting the insulating layer, can be used, for example glass wool, polyps and Russia pyrene mesh, polyester mesh or their nonwoven microbial transmitting insulating material such as a multi-porous ceramic.
Further, the present inventors have made intensive studies results, sterilization apparatus shown in Example 5, was found to be preferable for example to operate under the following conditions.
Electrode distance 2 0 0 m
Bacteria moving distance 2 0 ii m / sec
The operating principle of the filtering apparatus according to the insulating layer polyester mesh (about 2 0 0 xm thickness) This embodiment is as described above, by appropriately controlling the sweep speed for applying a voltage to the electrodes, spiral microorganisms can the Rukoto moves to the center portion from the peripheral portion of the wound sheet electrodes.
A container arranged electrodes shown in the above Examples 5 and 6 were more prepared, Li one de lead portion provided on the electrodes of their respective were consolidated what each corresponding, the containers were placed electrodes It may be a plurality linked composed sterilization apparatus.
By adopting such a structure, it is possible to increase the throughput, it is possible to further improve the microbial removal effect in the treatment bacterial solution.
According to the sterilization apparatus of the present invention, compared to the method which has been subjected to reduction in microbial concentration by filtration of the processing bacterial solution containing microorganisms, a small number of steps, between simple and Mijikatoki continuously stable performing the reduction of microbial concentration in the treated bacterial solution Te is possible. Further, sterilization apparatus of the present invention is more to selecting its constituent material appropriately may be in any of the disposable type and continuous-use, application is wide. In addition, having both the effect of, for example, for water purification tube and filtering apparatus for the food industry, it can also be utilized as a microorganism removal from the circulation water system in living environment.
Electrical apparatus including a ③ heat exchanger
Further, the present invention is to face each other across the heat exchanger and the gap, and said heat exchanger said heat exchanger surface with the condensation water electrode disposed at a position against the body of the condensation water flowing out of the a heat exchanger, characterized in that between the electrode body and the heat exchanger, and a voltage applying means for moving to the electrode body direction microorganisms present between the opposing member and the heat exchanger to provide care equipment power with a.
In this case, that the dew condensation water at least the voltage applying means is capable of applying a voltage that does not electrolysis is effective.
In the above electric appliance, it is effective to have a wood charge capable of adsorbing retain microorganisms opposing member surfaces, the opposing member surface is effective to a structure capable of sucking and holding the microorganism.
Also, it is effective to have a deterrent to material growth material or microorganisms to kill microorganisms on the opposing member surface, a structure in which the opposing member surface is suppressed proliferation of structures or microorganisms to kill microorganisms it is effective. Further, the opposing member is easily removable, it is effective that a cleanable structure. Example 7
Figure 1 0 is a schematic perspective view of the air conditioner heat exchanger portion of the interior of the present invention. The aluminum wire 5 O ^ m woven in a mesh form by an aperture 50%, aluminum mesh 3 2 made of a metal body, Chiabe Nzoimidazo Ichiru (TBZ), 4 Anmoniumu salts, anti such as silver based antimicrobial agents mildew agent and the fibers of the antimicrobial agent from such as a table surface treated hydrophilic and water-permeable paper hydrophilic nonwoven fabric 3 3. the hydrophilic nonwoven fabric 3 3 made of poly propylene for fixing the aluminum mesh 3 2 having a thickness of about 1 0 0 ^ and the nonwoven fabric 3 4 are stacked configuration of m. This laminate is placed in the lower portion of the radiator Arumifi down 35 of the heat exchanger condensation water of the heat exchanger flows down. Aluminum mesh 3 2, a positive voltage of 0. 7 V with respect to the heat exchanger aluminum radiator Fi down 35 is applied by the voltage applying means 3 6.
Air conditioner configured as described above, even a small one end in contact with condensed water receiving tray (Dorenpa down), condensed water in the drain pan is also electrically connected to the heat exchanger level. Condensed water discharged from the drain pan, by performing Ri draining to prevent back flow, and is electrically insulated from the final effluent destination catch basins. With this configuration, the microorganisms of the heat exchanger surface is moved to an aluminum mesh 3 2 surface, it is adsorbed to the hydrophilic nonwoven fabric 3 3 aluminum mesh 3 2 surface. At the same time, Ri by the antimicrobial and antifungal ingredients contained in the nonwoven fabric 3 3, microbial growth is inhibited.
Condensed water removed microorganisms above air conditioning machine, after collection in the drain pan, and is discharged to the catch basin. Heat exchanger (aluminum) metal from the surface thereof
Although movement of the microorganism (aluminum) surface occurs, catch basins and the drain pan because it is electrically insulated physically and by draining, no microorganism occurs moving from catch basins.
Moreover, air conditioner system of the present configuration is readily removable from the air conditioner body, the hydrophilic nonwoven fabric 3 3 therein is replaceable. When the effectiveness of the hydrophilic nonwoven fabric 3 3 processed antimicrobial antifungal agent is reduced and microbes are attracted and held it is increased in the nonwoven fabric, between this replaced the nonwoven fabric 3 3 new, effective it is possible to restore. Although described air conditioner in the above embodiment, other for automotive air conditioning, refrigerator, ice maker, water cooler, can also be applied to an electric apparatus provided with a heat exchanger such as a refrigerator and vending machines, etc. it can.
According to the electric device provided with a heat exchanger of the present invention, it can improve the cleanliness of the heat exchanger surface including could not be removed prior microorganism, and can be exhibited by the electrochemical reaction. Therefore, microbial growth at the time of electrical equipment stops can be suppressed, can be used as part of the infection prevention measures, including the hospital. Therefore, the industrial value of the present invention is large.
(2) a second electrochemical device
① microorganism concentration condensing apparatus and the concentration of microorganisms concentration methods
Next, the present invention is a microorganism having a circuit (short-circuit portion) for short-circuiting two or more different electrodes (metal body), and the electrodes of the redox potential, which is arranged to face each other across a gap It consists concentration concentration cell, holding the test liquid containing a microorganism in the gap by moving the microorganisms towards a lower electrode having an oxidation-reduction potential from high electrode oxidation-reduction potential by short-circuiting the electrodes, the object to provide a microorganism concentration concentrator for concentrating microorganisms concentration of test solution.
In the microorganism concentration condensing apparatus, the cell, the introduction of the test fluid high have one end near the electrodes of the redox potential, has a discharge portion of the test liquid at the other end, the more oxidation-reduction potential microbial discharge unit and Z or near a lower electrode is effective to have a microorganism adsorption portion.
Moreover, the gap, it is effective disposing an electrically insulating structure body which can be the test liquid moves.
The lowest electrode other than the electrode of the redox potential, it is effective to have a structure that is capable of flowing said the test solution into the gap. Moreover, said structure, a porous body, that is the structure of the mesh or brush is effective.
Further, a lowest electrode other than the electrode microorganisms permeable membrane in redox potential, it is effective the object detection is laminated on a surface of the electrically insulating structure that can be moved.
Further, the microorganism concentration condensing apparatus having a plurality of the microorganism concentration concentrate cells is also effective.
The present invention further, (a) placing in opposition to each other two or more electrodes having different oxidation-reduction potential across the gap, introducing the including the detection of microorganisms in (b) the gap, (c ) step shorting the electrodes, as well as the detection and concentration by moving the microorganisms towards a low redox potential electrode from high oxidation reduction potential electrode by; (d) steps (b) and (c) also it provides a microorganism concentration enrichment method comprising the step of recovering.
The present inventors, as shown in the above (1), by applying a forced voltage between the electrodes in contact with the test liquid containing a microorganism, were run the microorganism toward the negative electrode to the positive electrode, the test It was Heading to be able to concentrate the density of the liquid. In other words, microorganisms such as E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus, a charge on their surface, moves in response to an electric field.
However, it was further conducted intensive experiments using electrodes made of various metals, 2 by using the type of electrode, without applying force the voltage between the electrodes, simply microorganisms simply by shorting both electrodes <Therefore it was possible to move the present inventors have found that the different types of metal bodies have different redox electric position (ionization tendency), due to such a difference in redox potential It was found that moving microorganisms from one of the metal body in the direction of the other metal member. Specifically, the microorganisms move towards the metal body (large ionization tendency) low redox potential from high oxidation reduction potential (ion Ka傾 direction small) metal body.
That is, the second electrochemical device according to the present invention has been completed based on the new knowledge of the redox potential obtained as a result of such study.
The present invention is, across the gap consists microorganism concentration cell you include a short-circuit portion for short-circuiting the different two or more electrodes, and the electrodes of the redox potential, which is arranged to face each other, the said gap and holding the detection, the electrodes are directed Ke from high electrode oxidation-reduction potential by short-circuiting the low oxidation-reduction potential electrode by moving the microorganism, the microorganism concentration concentrator you concentrated microbial concentration of the detection on.
Hereinafter, for ease of understanding, as a representative in the case where the cell contains two electrodes, the present invention will be described.
As a combination of the two electrodes, but may be a combination of different redox potential, especially in terms of ensuring the movement of the microorganism, the redox potential difference is to use a combination of 1. About 0 V preferable.
Here, in Table 2, (the standard electrode potential E ° (2 5 ° C) in aqueous solution) to several examples have a redox potential of the metal body States that can be used in the electrode of the present invention.
Among metal shown in Table 2, from the viewpoint that larger redox potential difference, Au (+ 1. 6 9 V) and F e - preferred to use a combination of (0. 44 0 V). Further, from the viewpoint that it is readily available at low cost, C u (+ 0. 3 3 7 V) and Z n - to use a combination of (0. 7 6 3 V) it is good preferable.
The structure and shape of the metal body is not particularly limited, For example microorganisms permeable membrane, plate, rod-like and the like. In addition, it may be a metal sintered body, not good even those manufactured in the deposition or Supattari ring.
However, the test in the present invention, comprising the moving the microorganisms towards the lower metal body having oxidation-reduction potential from a high metal body having oxidation-reduction potential (electrophoresis), the microorganism in the vicinity of the high metal body redox potential provided inlet and outlet of a liquid, further or microorganism discharge portion in the vicinity of the lower metal body redox potential preferably has a suction unit (described later.).
From this point of view, the lowest metal body other than the metal of the redox potential, the prior SL gap is preferably a structure capable of flowing a test fluid, specifically, for example, porous, such as a sponge metal body may be structured mesh or brush.
Further, the lowest metal body other than the metal of the redox potential and microbial permeable membrane, the may be laminated on the front surface of the electrically insulating structure capable of the sample liquid is moved.
Of course, it may lower the metal body of the oxidation-reduction potential even have a structure and shape as those.
Further, the gap is preferably disposed an electrically insulating structure that can be the object detection is moved. This can be accomplished by the detection wave of microorganisms rather Chasse 捉 catching in the gap, anti Gukoto unless the concentration of the microorganism concentration can and this for efficiently performed, and that the test liquid containing a microorganism is scattered to the outside This is because it is.
Such electrically insulating structure, for example a nonwoven, woven, continuous onset foam, such as paper and the like. As the material constituting the structure, a polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate evening rate, thermoplastic resins such as Helsingborg propylene and the like.
Such electrically insulating structure may be left as is replaced order to entrapping microorganisms with new ones after use.
Next, the cells constituting the microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention has a short-circuit portion for electrically short-circuiting the two metal bodies. By shorting the two metal bodies, an electric field occurs between the different metal bodies redox potential, it is possible to move the microorganism.
Such short-circuit portion, the may also be short-circuited in advance before introducing the test liquid, or may be allowed to be short-circuited after introducing the test liquid.
The short portion, as the movement of the microorganism does not occur by the potential difference in between the said metallic body and the short-circuit portion, preferably the you configured not to contact with the sample liquid. For example, it may be connected to out guide the lead wire wherein Ru is constituted by respective metal from the metal body.
Also, in the cell, make because the concentration of microorganisms in the test solution containing the microorganisms present in the metal near the body of the higher oxidation-reduction potential decreases, introducing the object to be detected at one end of the metal body neighborhood (inflow) the preferably provided discharge portion of reduced detection wave microbial concentration to the other end of the metal body neighborhood provided the detection introduction.
On the other hand, in the vicinity of a lower metal body having oxidation-reduction potential is preferably provided a discharge portion of the test liquid microorganism enriched moved by the electric field.
Further, in the vicinity of a lower metal body having oxidation-reduction potential is preferably provided a microorganism adsorption portion. The suction unit is a low metal body having oxidation-reduction potential, for example, such as shea Li force gel can be formed by adsorbing in layers.
As described above, here, there was 0 0 describes the case of using two kinds of metal bodies, in the case of using three or more kinds of the metal body can also be made of microorganisms concentrated cell in a similar manner.
For example, the highest metal body of the oxidation-reduction potential, electrically insulating structure, high metal body having oxidation-reduction potential in the second, electrically insulating structure, the lowest was laminated in this order metal structure of the redox potential it can be taken.
Further, by appropriately changing the arrangement of the metal body, and introducing an object to be detected containing microorganisms from near a plurality of metal bodies, it can be designed from the vicinity another plurality of metal bodies to begin taking the test solution after concentration it is.
As described above, the microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention is basically composed of a microorganism concentration concentrated cells as described above.
Accordingly, the microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention may have a plurality of the microorganism concentration concentrated cell. In this case, by connecting a plurality of cells to one another mechanically, but it may also be so short circuit portion of each cell can be opened and closed by a single Suitsuchi. It is also possible to constitute a single introduction portion by connecting the detector inlet portion of each cell. Discharge portion of reduced detection wave of concentration of microorganisms, and the same for the detection discharge portion that is enrichment of microorganisms concentration.
The present invention also relates to a microorganism concentration enrichment method using the principle of the microorganism concentration condensing apparatus described above.
Specifically, (a) placing in opposition to each other two or more gold Shokutai with different redox potential across the gap, introducing a test liquid containing a microorganism (b) the gap, step (c) to short-circuit the metal body, as well as by microorganisms to move towards the lower metal body high metal body or al redox potential of the redox potential by; (d) steps (b) and (c) It concentrated the related microorganism concentration enrichment method comprising the step of recovering the test liquid. These steps may be performed Therefore the description of the microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention described above, the order of step (a), the step (b) and step (c),
For the 34, not particularly limited. For example, immersion may be two kinds of metal bodies were pre short while sandwiching the gap is immersed in a test solution containing microorganisms, the two metal bodies which are arranged across a gap to be detected containing microorganisms it may be short-circuited after.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, the present invention is not limited thereto. Example 8
The present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
Diameter 5 0 m gold mesh gold wire using a woven aperture ratio 50% of 4 1, about 1 0 0 m nonwoven scan Bae polyethyleneterephthalate evening made rates thickness colonel
(Electrically insulating structural member) 4 2, the iron foil 4 3 thickness 1 0 0 / im, stacked as shown in Figure 1 1, the microorganism concentration concentrated cell (l O c mX IO cm) 4 6 It was made of work.
Then, as shown in FIG. 1 2, was juxtaposed to arrange five this cell star direction, the short-circuit portion by short-circuiting one end of the gold mesh 4 1 end and iron foil 4 3 of each cell formed, and the microorganism concentrator 4 7 of the present invention. Incidentally, the gold mesh 4 1 and iron foil 4 3 provided terminal portions 4 4 or 4 5 forming each short circuit portion.
Then, E. coli in the approximately 1 0 0 0 cfu Z ml containing microorganism suspension (1 l) as the microorganism, the resulting microbial concentration concentrator mashed immersion electrostatic crab. This dipping, the suspension liquid flows into the gap of the non-woven fabric spacer 4 2, microorganisms were moved to an iron foil 4 three directions at a rate of approximately 2 ^ mZ sec. Instead of Example 9 iron foil 4 3 and except that with zinc foil having a thickness of 1 0 0 m placing the silica force gel as microorganism adsorption layer on the surface, concentration of microorganisms concentrated cells in the same manner as in Example 8 and to prepare a microorganism concentration concentrator.
Then, it was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 8, to obtain the same effect as in Example 1. Example 1 0
Opening ratio 50% of the gold mesh size woven using 5 0 gold wire, poly ethylene terephthalate one Bok made with a thickness of about 1 0 0 im nonwoven spacer, size 1 0 0 m iron wire laminating woven aperture ratio 50% of the iron mesh, and the front surface thickness was placed silica force gel as microorganism adsorption layer of 1 0 0 m of zinc foil was used to prepare a microorganism concentration enrichment cell. Then, one end of one end of the iron mesh gold mesh, and one end of the one end and the zinc foil iron mesh their respective are short, and the microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention.
Then, it was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 8, to obtain the same effect as in Example 8.
According to a microorganism concentration condensing apparatus of the present invention, compared to the method which has been followed by concentration of the microbial concentration by filtration and re-extraction of the sample liquid containing the microorganisms, a small number of steps, quantitative properties and stably in a simple and short time it is possible to perform concentration of a microorganism concentration in the object to be detected Te.
Also, it exhibited when used as a sterilization apparatus without using a device such as an external power source, the effect that it is briefly removal of microorganisms.
② blood component attracting device and blood components attracting device
The present invention is made of two or more electrodes having different redox electric position disposed opposite each other across a gap, and a circuit for short-circuiting the electrodes of the tool 00 Bei blood components attract cells, the gap to retain the blood sample, the blood cell component and Z or microorganisms contained in the blood sample, by moving toward the lower electrode redox potential from high oxidation reduction potential electrode are short-circuited the electrodes together, the separating the blood cell components and Roh or microorganisms from a blood sample, to provide a blood component attracting device to be removed.
In this case, the sample liquid containing the coated particles in the protein corresponds to the blood sample containing Z or a microorganism and your blood cells.
Wherein the blood component attracting apparatus, said cell, the introduction of the blood sample to one end in the vicinity of high oxidation-reduction potential electrode has a discharge portion or retaining portion of the blood sample to the other, the more oxidation-reduction potential around a lower electrode, discharging part of the microorganisms contained in the blood sample, the adsorption portion of the microorganisms contained in the blood sample, Ru effective der have a suction unit of the blood cell component contained in and or blood samples.
Moreover, the gap, it is effective with an electrically insulating structure blood components to enable you to move the blood sample.
Further, the electrodes, mesh-like, net-like, film-like, linear, it is effective that a brush-like or porous form.
The lowest electrode other than the electrode of the redox potential, it is effective to have a shape that can flow into the blood sample in the gap. As the shape, porous shape, Ru effective der that a mesh-like or brush-like.
The lowest electrode other than the electrode of the redox potential is a membrane that can penetrate the blood cell component and Z or microorganisms Ru contained in the blood sample, electrically insulating structure that is capable of the blood specimen is moved it is effective and is laminated on the surface of the.
Further, it is effective with a plurality of said blood components attractant cell. The present invention further, (a) placing in opposition to each other two or more electrodes having different oxidation-reduction potential across the gap, introducing the blood sample into (b) the gap, (c) said electrodes each other by shorting, more blood cell components in step and, (d) step (c) moving the blood cell component or the microorganism contained in the blood sample toward the lower electrode redox potential from high electrode oxidation reduction potential separation also provides blood components attraction method the blood sample or the microorganism was includes recovering the blood sample has been removed.
As mentioned above, present inventors have conducted extensive experiments using electrodes made of various metals, using two electrodes of different materials, without applying forces the voltage between the electrodes also, it was possible to move the microorganisms contained in the blood sample by simply short-circuiting the two electrodes. Also, not just the microorganisms were able to also move the blood cell components in the blood sample.
Then, this? ! Inventor et al., Due to a point having the different types of metal bodies have different redox potentials (ionization tendency), the direction of the other metal member of the microorganism contained in the blood sample from one of the metal body It was found that to move to. Furthermore, due to the difference in the redox potential, the blood cell components in the blood that is Ru contained in the blood sample is ascertained that move from one metal body in the direction of the other metal member.
Specifically, toward the redox (smaller ionization tendency) high potential lower metal body or al redox potential (large ionization tendency) metal body, microorganisms and blood cell components contained in blood fluid sample moves to.
In other words, blood component attracting device according to the present invention, also the in is completed based on the new knowledge of the redox potential obtained as a result of such study.
The present invention consists different two or more kinds of the metal body, and blood components attract cells immediately oo Bei the short circuit portion for short-circuiting the metal bodies of the redox potential, which is arranged to face each other across a gap, blood samples were kept in the gap, moving the blood cell components and Z or microorganisms contained in the blood sample toward the lower metal body having oxidation-reduction potential from a high metal body having oxidation-reduction potential by short-circuiting the metal bodies Accordingly, separation of the blood cell components and Z or microorganism from the blood sample, a blood component attracting device to be removed.
Note that "blood sample" in the present invention includes not only the blood itself. For example blood was diluted with saline, blood components, purified water, tonicity adjusting liquid is water living environment in al, the bacteria liquid containing sewage or fluid component is a liquid body and blood or concept including blood components and a mixture of liquids such as. Furthermore. From the viewpoint of good it has a certain viscosity, which is a concept including a wide fluid.
Further, according to the blood component attracting device of the present invention, not only the blood cell component in the blood sample, the microorganism if it contains microorganisms separated, it can be removed. And it wanted, only blood cell component or the microorganism separation, not only removing, separating the two persons at the same time, can be removed.
Hereinafter, for ease of understanding, as a representative in the case where the cell contains two kinds of metal bodies, described blood component attracting device according to the present invention.
Wherein the metal body used in the present invention, fulfill the role of a so-called electrode. As a combination of the two metal bodies, in terms of it may be a combination of different redox potentials, in particular to ensure the movement of the blood cell components and microorganisms contained in the blood sample, the redox potential There 1. is preferably about 0 V.
The metal body and its oxidation-reduction potential that can be used herein (standard electrode potential E ° in aqueous solution (2 5)) is been as shown in Table 2.
The structure and shape of the metal member, is not particularly limited and includes, for example if a mesh-like that can penetrate the blood cell component or the microorganism contained in the blood sample, the film-like, linear, brush, plate, rod, such as a porous body shape, and the like. It may also be a sintered metal, plated, vapor deposition, or was prepared by the CVD or sputtering-ring.
Furthermore, when using fibrous metal may be mesh-like or nonwoven-like electrodes to blend the natural fibers and synthetic fibers and metal textiles.
However, in the present invention, high from moving blood cells or microorganisms contained in the blood sample toward the lower metal body having oxidation-reduction potential from a high metal body having oxidation-reduction potential (electrophoresis), redox potential metal the inlet and outlet of a blood sample provided to the body around the further preferably has a discharge portion or the adsorption of the blood cell component or the microorganism contained in the blood sample in the vicinity of a lower metal body redox potential.
From this point of view, the metal body other than the lowest metal body of the oxidation-reduction potential, and even not preferable shape that can flow into the blood sample prior SL gap. For example porous body shape, a mesh shape and brush and the like. For example, a metal thin wire, fabric surface comprising fiber was metallized, it may be a mesh or brush. As described above, it may be blended with natural fibers or synthetic fibers.
Moreover, the gap, such as blood components of the blood sample is preferably disposed an electrically insulating structure that can be moved. This can be accomplished by a blood sample easily trapped in the gap, and the blood cell component or the microorganism sterilizing contained in blood samples, possible to perform efficient separation of blood components, it and the blood sample is scattered to the outside it is because it is possible to prevent as much as possible.4 Q Such electrically insulating structure, for example a nonwoven, woven, continuous onset foam, such as paper and the like. As a material for forming the structure, or cotton, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate evening rate, thermoplastic resins such as polyps propylene like.
Such electrically insulating structure may be left as for entrapping blood cell component or the microorganism contained in the blood sample, and replaced with new ones after use.
In particular, as described above, the lowest metal body other than the metal of the redox potential, when the blood cell component or the microorganism permeable membrane contained in blood samples, that the said blood sample is moved preferably laminated on the surface of the electrically insulating structure possible.
Next, the cells constituting the blood component attracting device of the present invention has a short-circuit portion for electrically short-circuiting the two gold Shokutai. Wherein by shorting the two metal bodies, an electric field occurs between the different metal bodies redox potential, Ru can move the blood cell components and Z or microorganisms contained in the blood specimen during.
Such short-circuit portion may be the previously shorted before the introduction of the blood sample, or may be allowed to be short-circuited from the introduction of blood samples.
The short portion, so that there are no movement of the blood cell component and / or microbial contained in the blood sample by a potential difference between said metal body and the short-circuit portion preferably configured so as not to contact with the blood sample. For example, the it may be Re connect with out lead to re one lead wire constituted by respective metal from the metal body.
Also, in the cell, make because the blood cell components and Z or microorganism concentration in the blood sample present near the higher metal body redox potential drops, introducing a blood sample into one end of the metal body near (inlet) the introduction portion is provided, preferably provided with discharge portions of reduced blood sample of blood cell components and Z or microorganism concentration in the other end of the metal body neighborhood.
On the other hand, in the vicinity of a lower metal body having oxidation-reduction potential is preferably provided a discharge portion of the blood sample blood cell components and Z or microorganism enriched moved contained in the blood sample by an electric field.
Further, in the vicinity of a lower metal body having oxidation-reduction potential is preferably provided a suction portion of the blood cell components and Z or microorganisms contained in the blood sample. The adsorption unit, a lower metal body having redox potentials, such as silica gel, polymer absorber or the like can be formed by adsorbing in layers. Further blood samples may be provided water absorbing layer to absorb.
As described above, here has been described the case of using two kinds of metal bodies, in the case of using three or more kinds of the metal body also blood components attractant cells contained in the blood specimen in a similar manner it can be produced.
For example, the highest metal body of the oxidation-reduction potential, electrically insulating structure, high metal body having oxidation-reduction potential in the second, electrically insulating structure, electrical insulation resistance structure, the lowest metal body of the redox potential a structure in which are stacked in this order and can Rukoto.
Further, by appropriately changing the arrangement of the metal body, to introduce a blood sample from the vicinity of a plurality of metal bodies, also it is designed from near another of the plurality of metal bodies to retrieve blood sample after eradication or blood cell components separated possible it is.
As described above, the blood component attracting device of the present invention is basically composed of a good UNA blood components attraction cells described above.
Thus, blood component attracting device of the present invention may have a plurality of said blood components attractant cell. In this case, by connecting a plurality of cells to one another mechanically, it may be the short-circuit portion of each cell can be opened and closed by a single Suitsuchi. It is also possible to constitute a single introduction portion by connecting the blood introduction portions of each cell. Discharge portion of reduced blood sample of the blood cell component or the microorganism concentration and blood cell component or the microorganism concentration is the same for the discharge portion of the blood sample attracted.
The present invention also relates to a blood component attraction how using the principle of the blood component attracting device described above.
Specifically, (a) placing it was opposed to two or more gold Shokutai with different redox potential across the gap, (b) a step of introducing a blood sample into the gap, (c) step shorting the metal body, and (d) the steps (b) and (c) the blood cell components contained in the blood sample toward the lower metal body having oxidation-reduction potential from a high metal body having oxidation-reduction potential and Z or a blood component attraction method comprising the step of collecting blood samples sterilized by microorganisms move.
These steps may be performed by One has been the description of the blood component attracting device of the present invention described above, step (a;), For the order of steps (b) and step (c), is not particularly limited. For example, two kinds of metal bodies which were pre-shorts while sandwiching the gap may be immersed in the blood sample, to short-circuit two of the metal body which is arranged across a gap after immersion in a blood sample it may be.
Blood component attracting device of the present invention having the above-described configuration, for example bandage, sanitary napkins, medical bandages, sterile gauze, sterile sheets, particularly in the al, wound protection dressing, catheter fixing pad, hemostatic bandages, sterile skin closure, sterile Ramishitsu, can be applied to an article such as Deisupo Zaburu gowns.
Particularly, in the case of applying the bandage, the decolonization around wound, to attract microbes in the vicinity of the lower redox potential the metal body, by applying a fungicide with a low redox collector position metal surface it is effective to provide a sterilization layer. Further, when applied to the sanitary napkin, in order to absorb moisture, it is effective to provide a water absorbing layer made of water-absorbing resins.
Further, the shapes and dimensions of the blood component attracting device of the present invention is not limited in particular, according to the shape and size of the applied article may be applied Yichun adjustment.
Hereinafter will be described a blood component attracting device according to the present invention more specifically with reference to examples, the present invention is not limited thereto. Example 1 1
With reference to the drawings, an example of a blood component attracting device of the present invention is applied to a bandage.
Figure 1 3 is a configuration diagram of a bandage according to an embodiment of the blood component attracting device of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 3, in the bandage according to the present invention, a highly 1 0 m gold wire and the tissue and main were blended and an adhesive hard synthetic fibers Mesh-like electrode 5 1 (oxidation-reduction potential diameter metal the body), and was laminated tissue adhesive and difficulty KuKatsu spacer 5 2 hydrophilic fibers were processed into a mesh (2 sheets). Spacer 5 2 was a higher electrically insulating. Further, under the space p o 5 2, arranged attracting electrode 5 3 obtained by processing thin wire of titanium meshed (low metal body having oxidation-reduction potential), of the same material and structure as the spacer 5 2 the protective layer 5 4 arranged on the top surface. The spacer 5 2 attraction electrode 5 3 side, the sterilizing agent is applied to form a sterilization layer. In this structure, to constitute a blood component attractant cell. The attraction electrode 5 3 of the tape 5 6 PVC-made having a pressure-sensitive adhesive on one side on the outside of the cell is provided, the bandage shorted a mesh electrode 5 1 and the attraction electrodes 3 at the portion where the blood is not in contact It was produced.
In such bandage, also blood components and Z in a blood sample separation of microorganisms, the principle of the removal is as follows. That is, in the blood near the wound is contaminated with bacteria from the wound periphery or peripheral skin. The contaminated blood and the wound passes through the protective layer 5 4 penetrates into the mesh-like electrodes 5 1. As described above, the short circuit heterologous metal toward the metal having a low oxidation-reduction potential of high oxidation-reduction potential metal and is opposed through the gap, the blood cell components and / or the bacteria in the blood Moving. Here using a mesh electrode 5 1 as a high oxidation reduction potential electrode, the attraction electrode 5 3 being a low redox potential electrode, by using the scan Bae colonel 5 2 as a gap provided between the metal, containing Murrell bacteria in the blood are attracted to the vicinity of the attraction electrode 5 3. Thus, wound around is sterilized.
Size of the cell used here is different at the site and size of the wound to be used is preferably a size of at least 1 0 mmx 2 0 mm. The sterilizing layer 5 5 coated on the scan Bae colonel 5 2 in the vicinity of the attraction electrode 5 3, sterilization effect is further increased reliability.
Incidentally, as a combination of dissimilar metals has been described gold one titanium. The difference of the redox potential is 0.7 is approximately V practical problem did. As a combination of outside the above than gold one stainless steel, combinations of copper one zinc it can be used.
As a blood sample containing a microorganism, E. coli about 1 0 0 0 cfu Z millimeter Li Tsu torr including blood (0.5 ml) was added dropwise to the protective layer 4 of the cell. Then, to observe the movement of the blood flow and E. coli. As a result, the blood flows into the gap between the scan pacer 5 2, the E. coli contained in the blood is moved in the direction of the attraction electrode 5 3 at a rate of about 2 / m / sec was confirmed. Example 1 2
With reference to the drawings, an example of an application to a sanitary napkin blood components attracting device of the present invention.
Figure 1 4 is a configuration view of the sanitary napkin down according to an embodiment of the blood component attracting device of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 4, this in the sanitary napkin according to the invention, a gold wire having a diameter of 1 0, tissue and meshed electrode 6 0 that blend the adhesive hard synthetic fibers and, to adhere the tissue Ku KuKatsu spacer 6 1 the hydrophilic fibers were processed into a mesh (2 sheets) and was laminated. Spacer 61 was set to have high electrical insulation. Further, under the spacer 61, arranged attraction electrode 6 2 obtained by processing thin wire of titanium meshed, the top surface having a mesh structure, and the protective layer 6 3 made of water-repellent material provided. Et al is, the attraction electrode 6 2 side of the spacer 61, provided with a water-absorbing layer 6 4 consisting of water-absorbing resin.
In this structure, to constitute a blood component attractant cell. The water-impermeable sheet 6 5 outside the attraction electrodes 6 2 of the cell is provided to produce a sanitary napkin.
In such a sanitary napkin, the separation of blood components and Z or microorganism in a blood sample, the principle of the removal is as follows.
In other words, contaminated blood passes through the protective layer 6 3, it penetrates the mesh-like electrode 6 0. As described above, toward the lower metallic oxidation-reduction potential dissimilar metal shorted metal high oxidation-reduction potential and is opposed through the gap, the moving blood cell components and Z or bacteria in the blood . Here using a mesh electrode 6 0 as high electrode redox potential, the attraction electrode 6 2 being a low redox potential electrode, by using the spacer 61 as a gap provided between the metal, the blood bacteria and Z or blood cell components contained in are attracted to the vicinity of the attraction electrode 6 3. As a result, the separation of blood cell components including red color of red blood cell, bacteria in the blood are removed.
As used herein, the size of the cell is the size of the site and at least is that are different for size 2 0 mmx 5 0 mm wounds to be used.
Incidentally, as a combination of dissimilar metals has been described gold one titanium. The difference in redox potential is 0. About 7 V, no practical problem. As combinations other than the above, the gold one stainless steel, the combination of copper one zinc also you can use.
Also it has been described as a material of the electrode metal mesh example metal wire, a porous metal, metal foil workpiece, also a surface treatment product whose surface is pressurized E in a layer or film of a metal by a means such as vapor deposition it is possible to obtain an effect. In addition, the metal body is a porous body shape, the same effect can be obtained even meshed or brush.
According to the blood component attracting device of the present invention, compared with the conventional method which has been subjected to sterilization of microorganisms contained in the blood sample, a simple structure and a small number of steps, easy easy and short time stable blood samples separation of removal or blood cells of microorganisms can be performed.
Further, if used as a sterilization apparatus without using a device such as an external power supply, so the effect that it is briefly removal of microorganisms contained in the blood sample.
Further, the present invention is to face each other across the heat exchanger and the gap, and said heat exchanger metal disposed together with the surface of the heat exchanger to the condensation water flowing out to the position where contact with the condensed water from the body electrically shorting has a short portion of the metal body and the heat exchanger, and a microorganism present between the opposing member and the heat exchanger wherein the metal surface in order to move to the electrode body direction providing a gas appliance electricity with a heat exchanger, characterized in that the redox potential of the heat exchanger surfaces are different. In this electrical equipment, heat exchangers are constructed of aluminum, it is effective metals body is made of metal titanium.
Further, that metallic titanium is placed between the up drain water discharge port in condensation water flow path from the heat exchanger, the drain water is electrically insulated from the draining is located final drainage between the drainage tube It is valid. Example 1 3
This embodiment will be described in conjunction with FIG 5.
Figure 1 5 is a schematic perspective view of a heat exchanger portion in the air conditioner of the present invention. 5 0 Titanium line m woven in a mesh form by an aperture 50%, titanium mesh 71 that Do a metal body, Chiabe emission zone imidazole (TBZ), fourth en Moniumu salts, such as silver based antimicrobial agents nonwoven fabric 7 2 of fibers made of the surface treated hydrophilic and water-permeable paper antifungal agents and antimicrobial agents, polypropylene having a thickness of about 1 0 0 for the hydrophilic nonwoven fabric 7 2 is fixed to the titanium mesh 71 by laminating a non-woven fabric 7 3 im. The resulting laminate is placed in heat dissipation Arumifi down 7 4 lower part of the heat exchanger Ru flows down the condensed water. Titanium mesh 71 is electrically be short-circuited with radiating Arumifi down 7 4 of the heat exchanger, are grounded.
Air conditioner device having the above-least be in contact with one end thereof condensed water pan (drain Npan), condensed water in the drain pan is also electrically connected to the ground level. Condensed water discharged from the drain pan, by performing Ri draining to prevent back flow, and is electrically insulated from the final effluent destination catch basins. With this configuration, the microorganisms of the heat exchanger (aluminum) surface is moved to the metal body (titanium) surface, while being adsorbed to the hydrophilic material of the titanium surface, the antibacterial and antifungal ingredients contained in the material, the microorganisms growth is inhibited: microorganisms condensed water removed in the air conditioner unit is discharged to the catch basin after collection in the drain pan. Since the heat exchanger (aluminum) surface has been electrically grounded, resulting movement microbial metal body (titanium) surface, catch basins and the drain pan is electrically insulated physically and by draining Therefore, the microorganism does not occur moving from the catch basins.
This phenomenon does not require a power source, since the potential for microbial growth is exhibited only when the condensed water is caused to exit, always removing microbes from Al Miniumu surface irrespective of the operation of the air conditioner.
Furthermore, the air conditioner apparatus of this configuration is readily removable from the air conditioner body, the hydrophilic nonwoven fabric 7 2 therein is replaceable structure. The effectiveness of the treated hydrophilic nonwoven fabric antibacterial antifungal agent is reduced, and when the microorganism adsorbed and held is increased in the nonwoven fabric, between this replaced the nonwoven fabric 7 2 with a new, restore the effect it becomes possible. Industrial Applicability
As described above, the electrochemical device of the coated particles in evening protein according to the present invention Ru is transported, the microorganism concentration condensing apparatus, sterilization apparatus, such as the electrical device having a blood component attraction device and the heat exchanger it can be applied.
Furthermore, the electrochemical device according to the present invention, cookers, washing machines, water purifiers, facilities products such as household appliances, bath, heat exchangers and medium water, such as manufacturing ice machines and humidifiers, and bandages, catamenial and medical products such as surgical gauze may further portable drinking water purifying device, also applications such as rainwater tanks and sewage treatment systems.
The scope of the claims
1. At least in contact with the liquid containing the protein coated particles n (n≥ 2) pieces of electrodes, and the liquid comprises a circuit generating a potential difference in the range that does not electrolyzed between the respective electrodes, wherein the particles protein-coated particles move for electrochemical apparatus characterized by moving in the direction of arrangement of pre Symbol electrode by electrophoresis.
2. The circuit is, the liquid is a circuit for sequentially sweeping applied in a predetermined direction a voltage range not electrolysis said n electrodes, and wherein the moving in the direction by electrophoresis the particles electrochemical devices ranging first claim of claim.
3. The protein coated particles are Ingredient microorganisms and Z or blood cells, microorganisms and or electrochemical device of claims second term, wherein possible to get a liquid enriched for blood cell component concentration.
4. The liquid has the structure flowing between the electrodes, the electrochemical device of the range the third claim of claim, wherein the flow direction to the voltage application direction of the liquid which is perpendicular to each electrode.
5. The electrode is a spiral electrode, so as to be directed to the same central point from the outer end to the inner end portion without overlapping each other of said electrodes, wherein said electrodes are placed electrochemical devices ranging third claim of claim.
6. The electrode is a helical electrode, so as not to overlap each other to the end portion of the lower side from the upper end of the electrode, the scope third preceding claims, wherein the electrodes are arranged the electrochemical device as claimed.
7. The electrode is a sheet-shaped porous electrodes, the laminated body of the electrode and the sheet-like porous Shitsusupesa, so that the order of the electrodes and the spacer one n
(N≥ 3) range o U electrochemical device of the third claim of claim with wound electrode obtained by winding into individual laminated.
8. The has n electrodes have different redox potentials, the circuit is a circuit to short-circuit between the n electrodes, characterized in that moving by electrophoresis the particles in the direction of arrangement of said electrode to claims first Kouki mounting protein-coated particles move for electrochemical devices.
9. The protein coated particles are microorganisms and Z or blood Ingredient, microorganisms and Z or electrochemical device of claims paragraph 8, wherein possible to get a liquid enriched for blood cell component concentration .
1 0. Has the introduction portion and the discharge portion of the liquid to high near the electrode of the redox potential, the microorganism discharge portion and / or in the vicinity of a lower oxidation-reduction potential electrode and having a microorganism adsorption portion electric chemical apparatus of the range ninth claim of claim.
1 1. The gap between the electrodes, the range Section 9 electrochemical according claims wherein the liquid and having an electrical insulation property structure capable of moving
1 2. The lowest electrode other than the electrode of the redox potential, electric chemical apparatus ranging first one of claims claims having a structure capable of flowing the liquid body into the gap.
1 3. The structure, porous shaped electrochemical device ranging first 2 claim of claim, which is a mesh-like or brush-like.
1 4. The lowest electrode other than the electrode of the redox potential, the a film shape capable of transmitting a microorganism and Z or blood cell component is Ru contained in the liquid, it is laminated on the surface of the conductive stunning edges of structure electrochemical devices ranging first one of claims claims, characterized in that.
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