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News » News Features
by Greg Harman
Like walking the stations of the cross, the group moves around Main Street Plaza stopping for a few minutes before selected landmarks to discuss how the various aspects of society — the churches, governments, businesses — can help eradicate violence against women. Monday's event sponsored by the P.E.A.C.E. Initiative is billed as a "men's march" and is being held in recognition of October's status as Domestic Violence Awareness Month. San Antonio Police Chief Bill McManus talks about efforts his department is taking to better respond to the city's needs, the family of a deceased victim talks about their suffering, but it is P.E.A.C.E. Initiative's co-founder and executive director Patricia Castillo who is everywhere seemingly at once wrangling her bullhorn and keeping the procession on track. The Current finally caught up with her mid-day Tuesday for a brief telephone interview.
Sometimes it feels like our dominant culture in Texas – the attitude is like "mind your business." How do you break these generational attitudes and behaviors that keep this abuse and violence hidden away?
You know what, Greg? My approach I've kind of evolved little by little through the years of doing this work is to connect into people's everyday life. When you're able to make those connections for them and help them see how damaging it is, how costly it is, how much of an impact – like the ripple effect on our community, on our people.
Give me an example of that ripple effect.
Well an example: like last night I was talking to a group of about 60 parents and all of their kids are in Headstart in Boerne. I was telling them that maybe they have a strong, loving, wonderful family and family life, but their child goes to school where in the classroom five of the children come from families where there's family violence. Those children come to school filled with anxiety, filled with fear, filled with rage and they don't know where it comes from. They bully, they disrupt, they hit, they do all kinds of things to the other kids in their classroom and then they usurp the teacher's attention and focus. So your kid is not getting everything that they could out of that classroom, out of that teacher, they're being bullied and intimidated and probably assaulted by these kids that come to class because that's what's they're living at their house. And children don't know how to differentiate like, "Oh this is how we act at home but not at school." So while your life may be lovely, you're going to be affected by this stuff.
Do you feel like San Antonio understands family violence?
I feel like we understand it a lot better than we did when I first got started doing this work with the P.E.A.C.E. Initiative in 1990. We're doing a lot better. I mean, yesterday when the `SAPD Chief Bill McManus` was able to get up on the podium and say, "We've increased our budget, we've increased our detectives, we've got more case workers." Before, with every other police chief, I had to go and meet with them and tell them, "You need to get more funding for detectives, you need to talk about increasing the people power responding to the community." And I had to work with them to get them to be willing to speak up about that. I had to go and meet with city council members to get the city council members to allocate the funding for that and do like a double whammy coming from both the Chief side and then coming from the city side. Well with McMannis, I didn't have to meet with him not one time about budget and funding. He knew he had to do that. Now what I did do with him was — the coalition at the P.E.A.C.E. Initiative designed the questions that were going to be about family violence that were going to be used in the interview process when we were deciding which chief to get. So we had six questions that we were asking every candidate about family violence. And Sheryl Sculley opened that door with us, to have us do that. As soon as he got hired, within a month, he was meeting with our whole coalition. That's how we were able to let him know this community takes family violence very seriously and we think you need to also.
Speaking of SAPD, I just spoke with them briefly yesterday and I got some statistics from their office related to family violence. I noticed that on your website you use family violence and domestic disturbances. To your mind, what is the difference between a case of family violence and a domestic disturbance?
Well to me, a domestic disturbance is people screaming and yelling at each other over a piece of property or something, the kids fighting, which happens in every family. You'll have kids that are separated by one or two years and they're beating each other up in their bedroom and destroying property. You know, I can see how that can be called a domestic disturbance. But for very long, that whole category of domestic disturbance has been a way to dismiss family violence. With this new administration, I feel like we are able to better determine what is the difference between a domestic disturbance and a family violence call that you're responding to. That's been because of the kinds of expectations that McMannis has laid out for the department. Things like telling people when batterers flee the house after the police have been called, you will go after them, you will search for them, and you will find them. Whether it's on your shift or you have to pass it on to the shift after you, because they will be arrested. I mean, that kind of stuff makes a big difference in the kind of message that our city sends to the community about how we deal with this issue. I'm not saying that they find all of them. I know they don't. But the idea that just an officer coming to your house and saying, "Yeah, yeah, yeah, whatever, whatever. Here's your case number; call us back if he shows up again."
Now the P.E.A.C.E. Initiative began out of the church in 1990?
It began actually out of the Benedictine sisters. Even though they're Roman Catholic just like the Catholic Church, they're not part of the larger church idea or concept. They're a group of religious women who originally used to own St. Benedict's Hospital and when the health care industry became very competitive they knew their little hospital and their little nursing home wasn't going to survive, so they sold the property for $10 million dollars. With that money they started the P.E.A.C.E. Initiative.
Since '03, you've been a non-profit though, right?
Right. In '03 they decided to close down the Benedictine Resource Center and just focus all of their resources and money on their spiritual work and retreat center out in Boerne.
I've been in contact with so many different organizations that work in the field of domestic violence, and yet there's so many groups working on this issue and it just seems like the violence continues.
Well, I think that what we're seeing is the cases in aggravated family violence are up by 36 percent.
I got just straight up domestic violence and it was a climb. In '05, around 10,400 to last year 12,400.
Part of that, Greg, is also people speaking up more. We've opened that door to give people permission to bring it up, to discuss the topic openly, and we needed to do that. We needed for people to feel okay to bring it up because when we open that door, we're opening the door for help.
Now I know the economy has had a huge impact on women and children here. I'm wondering how do you see it's impacted San Antonio families and how has it impacted the P.E.A.C.E. Initiative?
Well, the economy is a factor that influences what happens in our families. But with family violence, what we find is that the violence and the behavior was already there. So what we might see in terms of family violence going on when you pile on the added issue of shortness of money and shortness of resources, people hanging around and not looking for jobs consistently, and the kids demanding all of their wants and needs – that's an added layer of an already volatile situation that makes these cases escalate and explode. Just solely on the economy, I don't think that's a cause of domestic violence. I think it just exacerbates something that's already bad.
How has it been for you and for the center?
Well at the P.E.A.C.E. Initiative money is tight. This year, for the first time ever we lost our state funding. That's 30 percent of my budget, so we are being affected by the economy. Money is much tighter, and the competition for money is much greater. We are facing somewhat of a crisis right now in the P.E.A.C.E. Initiative and we're going to be calling on our community to help us out with that. The other thing, too, is that I do think that in terms of us being able to collaborate more effectively, there's always that need. We do need to be talking more to each other. We do need to be having conversations in our coalitions. One of the things I think differentiates the P.E.A.C.E. Initiative is that we're like the worker bees. At our level, where we operate our coalition, and our coalition members, we're at the grassroots level. This type of a problem that you're talking about that keeps happening — we need the policy makers to be convened. I was talking to Judge Monica Gonzales who is the newly appointed family violence court judge in County Court 13. She was saying the same thing, and I'm like "You're a judge! You're handling these cases. Órale! Convene it!" When you speak, people are going to move because you're in a position of authority. You're in a position of power. You can call on your colleagues at the judge level and the state reps to be looking at this issue and terms of what else needs to be done. And I honestly think that San Antonio would benefit. Chief McMannis was asking me not too long ago, "What else do we need to do Patricia? I'm getting rid of the cops that are doing this stuff. I'm talking to all of the cadet classes. I'm keeping tabs on everything that's going on with the officers at the veteran level. We're arresting. We're doing all of these things. What else do we need to do Patricia?" I told him it wouldn't harm us if we had something like the Battered Women's Justice Project that would help us. Come into San Antonio and as objective people just look at all of our agencies and our programming and see where our gaps in service are and connect us better and just help us do like an audit. Let's pick up the mirror and let's look at ourselves and let's see how we're doing in terms of somebody who's accustomed to looking at a community that way — with that comprehensive view of what it is we still need. In every community, there's stupid petty infighting. It's like, "Get over it." There's plenty of work for all of our 10 agencies and about 35 others.
Unfortunately when you have these situations where you have these limited monies, it forces similarly minded organizations to fight each other for that money.
Exactly. That's very tragic. I think it's a big roadblock that we put up for ourselves. Yet the demand and the need is out there, screaming for our help and for our assistance.
For victims that are out there that don't know they're victims, what do they need to hear in order for them to recognize the severity of their situation?
I was just at a radio station, talking to one of the DJs over there and they brought up this whole notion of the devil is in the details, because as human beings we all want to be relating to somebody. We all want to be connected to somebody. We all want to be loved. We all want to be having and feeling and experiencing what it is to be in a good relationship. Because of that need and that desire, we tend to overlook the details. Like, "I really like that outfit, but maybe that dress is a little bit too short." Or, "You know, I really appreciate that you made all of this food, but maybe you shouldn't be eating this because it's going to put on the pounds." And, "I really love that you have so many friends, but I really want this time to be just about us." So you see the control of your food intake beginning. You see and hear the control of who your friends are and who you can hang out with, and you see and hear things about what you're supposed to look like.
That's how the abuser starts?
That's how the abuse begins. The subtleness of those things are easily overlooked, Greg. We all know – and I say this in my classes — that if we went out on the first date and they slammed us upside the head with a two by four we wouldn't do the second date. But it doesn't work that way. It's very unsuspecting and we don't realize what's going on until – boom – it does hit us. But by that time, we're already in love, we're already pregnant, we already have the first kid, you know? We tend to get trapped in this process of minimizing and denying. Victims tend to take on the responsibility. We assume the responsibility of someone who clearly made a choice to be violent, to be abusive, to use violence. Our guts tell us, we have a survival instinct that tells us, "Wait a minute, should I be listening to this?" Our guts tell us this stuff, but we'll blow it off. We'll minimize it. We'll say, "Oh, I'm overreacting." Trust yourself. Listen to your gut instinct. Listen to that messaging that's coming from our own bodies that we tend to ignore and deny because it's very powerful and it's usually very much on the money.
For information about how to help, go to peaceinitiativesatx.org.
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Q: Allocation of value types When you assign an instance of a value type to another instance, the object is copied bit-by-bit to the target location:
private struct Word
{
    public Word(char c) { ... }
}

public void Method(Word a)
{
    Word b = a; //a is copied and stored in b
}

But given the following code:
private Word _word;

public void Method() {
    _word = new Word('x');
}

I suspect that the right-hand side (RHS) expression is evaluated first - which instantiates a value type on the stack - and then the value is copied and stored on the location of the _word field, which is on the heap.
The alternative would be to take the left-hand side into consideration, and instantiate the value type directly on _word, avoiding having to copy the object.
Is my suspicion correct? If it is, I suppose it's safe to assume that the first block of code would perform better than the second.
//1 instantiation + 10k copies
Word[] words = new Word[10000];
Word word = new Word('x');

for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
    words[i] = word;

//10k instantiations + 10k copies
Word[] words = new Word[10000];

for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
    words[i] = new Word('x');

Note: I'm not trying to micro-optimize anything.
Edit: The core of my question is, as Lee puts it: Are structs allocated in place directly, or do they need to be allocated then copied?

A:
When you assign an instance of a value type to another instance, the object is copied bit-by-bit to the target location

When you assign an instance of a value type to a variable of the same type, the value is copied to the target location, yes. But that is true of reference types as well: the reference is copied bit by bit to the target location. The referent of course stays right where it is.

I suspect that the right-hand side (RHS) expression is evaluated first

The specification states that the left hand side is evaluted to produce a variable, then the right hand side is evaluated to produce a value, and then the assignment happens.
In the examples you give the evaluation of the left hand side does not produce an observable side effect and therefore its evaluation can be re-ordered by the optimizers in the C# compiler, the jitter or the CPU if any of them so choose. But if you had something like
x[i++] = v();

then the side effect on the left hand side has to happen before the call on the right hand side.

The core of my question is: Are structs allocated in place directly, or do they need to be allocated then copied?

The specification states that structures are allocated in a temporary location -- which would typically be the stack or a register in practice -- and then copied to their final destination.  However, there are some situations in which the optimizer can determine that it is impossible for the user to notice if the mutation happens "in place" at the final destination. This is a copy elision optimization, and the C# compiler will perform this optimization if it feels it can get away with it.
For more details see my article on the subject:
http://ericlippert.com/2010/10/11/debunking-another-myth-about-value-types/

A: Are either preferred?
What is the business case for multiple identical structs?
If you need multiple identical objects is a struct the best choice?
A struct (re)initialized in that manner is probably not a good solution for the example use case
In the new array the WordStruct is allocated and initialized using the default ctor (no ctor)
You don't have the option to initialize a struct array with another ctor
If you do need identical structs then this would be preferred
WordStruct[] WordStructS = new WordStruct[1000];
for (int i = 0; i < WordStructS.Length; i++) { WordStructS[i].C = 'x'; }

If multiple identical objects what you really need to do then consider a class
A class new array is allocated but not yet initialized
You don't waste resources initializing with the default constructor
WordClass[] WordClassS = new WordClass[1000];
for (int i = 0; i < WordClassS.Length; i++) { WordClassS[i] = new WordClass('x'); }

If you want to generalize deep copy of an object (struct or class) then consider IConable
In the case of a struct I suspect it is more efficient than a bit wise copy (but I am not positive)
In the case of class it will make a clone (deep copy) not a reference
public struct WordStruct : ICloneable
{
    public char C;
    public WordStruct(char C)
    {
        this.C = C;
    }
    public object Clone()
    {
        WordStruct newWordStruct = (WordStruct)this.MemberwiseClone();
        return newWordStruct;
    }
}

I know in a comment you said curiosity but that is not clear in the question
In the question you state first block of code is preferred over the second
I get it is an interesting question of curiosity
But if it is just curiosity then the question should have stopped at
Is my suspicion correct?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Q: Return value from SQLCommand I have this SqlCommand, but i dont know, how i give the return value?
string param = Request.QueryString["id"];
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection se = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection(GetConnectionString());
            {
                System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand cme;
                se.Open();
                cme = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand("select Sum(case when (Domaci_tym = 'Tupesy') then Domaci_branky else Hoste_branky end) from Zapas AS branky where (ID_zapas=@ID_zapas)", se);
                cme.Parameters.AddWithValue("@ID_zapas", param);
                cme.ExecuteNonQuery();
                se.Close();

A: Change this line cme.ExecuteNonQuery(); to:
double sum = 0d;
var result = cme.ExecuteScalar(); //returns object that needs casting to get proper value

if (result != null && double.TryParse(result.ToString(), out sum))
{
    //query returned valid sum
}

More info about that method here


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I just love Dorset buttons!
And I love what creative people are doing with Dorset buttons these days.
So, when Anita sent in photos of her latest adventures in Dorset-buttonry (I don't really think that "buttonry" is a word, but it should be), I just knew I'd have to share them with you!
And, in case they inspire you to try some buttonry yourself, I've also included several links below to good Dorset button-related tutorials.
Dorset buttons are essentially covered rings. The rings can be wood, metal, or plastic, and they're covered with thread (pearl cotton works great, but other floss, string, or yard will do) using buttonhole stitch.
From there, they are further adorned, usually starting with a criss-cross foundation of spokes around the button, which is whipped together with a ribbed spider web stitch.
Once you start the decorative part of the button, though, you can let your imagination run wild! Beads, French knots, tiny detail stitch – anything's game, really!
Among Anita's Dorset buttons, there are other buttons as well, including Singleton Buttons and some knobs.
I happen to love blue, yellow, and white together, too, so the color scheme here charms me completely!
You might be wondering what you'd do, if you were to indulge in a bout of Dorset-buttonry.
It would be great fun, sure! There's a lot of scope for creativity, definitely! But, in the long run, what would I do with all those buttons?!?!
Well, if you squizz about online for a bit, you'll find all kinds of uses for Dorset buttons. I've seen them made into jewelry, into refrigerator magnets, into hair accessories, used for accents on crazy quilts, used in upholstering and pillow-making. I've seen them used as window blind pulls and for decorations on curtain tie-backs. I've seen them adorning tassels and in other passementerie-related uses. I've seen them as accents on little gift packages (Dorset button gift tags!), as decorations on birthday cards, and as keychains and scissor fobs. Christmas ornaments? Absolutely!
And…I've seen them used as…. buttons!
If you knit or crochet – or maybe you have a friend who knits or crochets – they're a great way to add a decorative, unique and personal touch to sweaters, shrugs, scarves, mittens, and the like!
Have I mentioned yet that I just love Dorset buttons?
A terrific collection, Anita – it's so fun to look at! It reminds me of an "I Spy" book. I could keep looking and looking and looking and still discover new details.
Those should get you started in your own buttony adventures!
October 11, 2007 Embroidered Buttons: Dorset Button Tutorial!
January 5, 2018 5 Tips for Successful French Knots – Every Time!
GORGEOUS! Anita, how beautiful your work is!!!
These are tons of fun! Love the detailing and the variety. Thanks for sharing, Mary.
Oh, the possibilities!!! Thanks Mary and Anita.
I can hardly wait to try these. All the different buttons are wonderful. I can see using them in crazy quilts or as flower centers in my wool applique.
Thanks for showing my Dorset Buttons, they will be added to the lace journal I'm making for my twin Niece who is getting married next year. I'm very nervous about starting the journal as I've never attempted this kind of project before but I've seen lots of inspiring lace journals on the internet so I can refer to those when I get stuck. Thanks again.
Sounds like a terrific project, Anita! I bet it'll turn out great!
Thanks Mary for the encouragement.
Hi Liz thanks for the information on Pinterest, I have researched them but I haven't looked at Ruth Bleakley's website so I will do that and thanks for the encouragement can't wait to start.
These are gorgeous! I love all the suggested uses.
Thank you for this wonderful post, and for photos of Anita's work. I have recently been discovering Dorset buttons, and this was eye candy for me too! Can't wait to read more about them in the links you have provided.
My cousin, who used to live in Dorset, gave me a paperweight made of perspex with Dorset buttons trapped inside. Another use!
I didn't know they were called Dorset Buttons, I've only ever heard them called Passementerie Buttons. There's a lady called Gina-B Silkworks who demonstrates these on Create and Craft TV channel here in the UK.
Google her blog, she makes beautiful items. She does a lot of historical type work, Mary – you'd like her work, I know.
I, too, LOVE Dorset Buttons!! And have fooled around with them (and taught many mini-workshops!) for many years!! But inspecting this collage, I have even MORE ideas!!! Thank you, Anita!!! It really is quite addicting!
Thank you Mary–Anita's buttons look like bonbons! Wouldn't they be lovely in a candy box as a gift for a stitchy friend? Anita–have fun making your lace journal. These buttons are perfect for embellishing. Love the colors! Mary–in case you want more eye candy, I believe there was an article on these buttons in Stitch magazine (Embroiders' Guild UK) last year. They were featured on the cover & I purchased a copy online after Barnes & Noble discontinued the publication.
Oooooo, how amazingly beautiful, Anna! You are a buttonry artist!
These are beautiful! Anita, Mary, thanks so much for sharing this. Yet another skill to add to my ever-growing 'must learn / must try' list.
I too love Dorset buttons and in fact just asked if any of my facebook friends had any directions for them, but no answers as yet and viola your new blog has links. Thank you. I am making a sweater and a shawl that require buttons and thought these would be a great way to go. Thank you for the links. Love your blogs.I have to finish my 3 grandsons quilts for Christmas and then my plan is to work on a crazy quilt using some of your patterns and embroidery tutorials.
Hi Anita I love all your beautiful Dorset Buttons I have tried a few but never thought of using beads I like the way you ave used them.
I love these Dorset buttons. Many thanks for the links, I have now learned about Singleton buttons too. Have you heard of Dorset posies? They are like the buttons, but the front looks like a posy of flowers. The flower parts are mainly made of French knots, though I'm sure other knots would do as well. They look sweet as fastenings for bags, used as if they are buttons, or faking it with a press stud or some velcro underneath.
I love your blog Mary! Thank you for all the tips and laughs.
I make these (white ones) for my 18th century sewing!
I love these. And being somewhat OCD I have now made a few… OK, a lot… since I saw the pics and followed the links. And these instructions for the basic wheel were so easy to follow. But I have a burning question – is there a place where there are instructions (in English) for different patterns? I would like to make some varied buttons – i have had a go and made a flowery looking thing – but what about spirals or those ones that in the photos look like they have 'gaps'? i have looked and looked to no avail – any suggestions?
I am so inspired by Anita's buttonry!! Thanks for sharing. At present, I am needle painting one of Trish Burr's birds. Then I am going to make some buttonry of my own.
Do you sell any buttons please. I am looking for a blue one to give to a bride!
Hi, Denise – I don't sell buttons, I'm afraid. Have you checked on Etsy? I bet you'd find what you're looking for there!


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text:
Updates, Interviews, Good Stuff
Roller Derby Resources
Rose City Rollers Represent At 2018 Roller Derby World Cup
Portland, OR – The Roller Derby World Cup will be held in Manchester, UK, from February 1st through the 4th, with skaters from Rose City Rollers — the number one ranked roller derby league in North America and the number two ranked roller derby league in the world—contributing skaters to five teams.
Team USA and Team Canada pose for a photograph after a bout at The Hangar in Portland, OR, last summer. (Photography Credit: Regularman Photography)
Bonnie Thunders (Nicole Williams), Jes Rivas, Loren Mutch, Licker-n-Split, and Jessica Chestnut will be skating for Team USA, which will be coached by Drew Flowers, another member of Rose City Rollers. This is the single largest contingent of Rose City Rollers' skaters playing for a single team at the Roller Derby World Cup. What is more remarkable is the fact that Rose City skaters make up one fifth of Team USA's 20-person roster.
"Representing USA roller derby at the World Cup is an honor and one of the athletic achievements of my lifetime," says Jes Rivas. "When I take the track with my teammates in Manchester, I want to skate with the relentless determination, dogged work ethic, and insane talent shared by the giant pool of people who play and make this sport possible."
Rose City Rollers also will be represented on Team Brazil, Team Russia, Team West Indies, and Team Spain. "Representing Trinidad and Tobago at the Roller Derby World Cup, has brought me closer to my roots, and my entire family," says Visakha Seon, who normally skates for the Wheels of Justice and the Guns N Rollers. "I am humbled and honored to be a part of this world stage for our sport."
In addition to the adult skaters, Portland will be sending one of its junior skaters—Square Not (Ridley Liu)—to the International Derby Exhibition at the World Cup. Square Not, who is 14, was invited after submitting a tape of her skating to a selection board. When asked what she wished more people knew about roller derby, she had this to say:
"The movie Whip It! is not what flat-track roller derby is like these days. I wish more people knew about the sport in general."
Square Not (Ridley Liu), who skates in Rose City Rollers' Junior Program, will be traveling to England to compete in the International Derby Exhibition. (Photography Credit: Regularman Photography)
BBC Sport will be broadcasting the Roller Derby World Cup finals from Manchester. If you would like to see these athletes skate closer to home, Rose City Rollers' next home team bouts will take place on February 16 & 17, and its junior programs will play a double header on February 18. For tickets, please visit the Events page.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
James Loughrey (born 10 September 1986) is a Gaelic footballer who plays as a right corner-back at senior level for the Cork county team.

Born in Belfast, Loughrey was educated at Our Lady and St Patrick's College, Knock where he played basketball. He later joined the St Brigid's club, where he first played competitive Gaelic football. Loughrey won junior and intermediate championship medals with the club, before transferring to the Mallow club in 2013. He has also lined out with divisional side Avondhu.

During his studies at Queen's University Belfast, Loughrey was a regular on the university's Gaelic football team. He won a Sigerson Cup medal as a member of the panel in 2007.

Loughrey made his debut on the inter-county scene when he first linked up with the Antrim under-21 team. After little success in this grade, he went on to make his senior debut during the 2007 championship. He was a regular member of the starting fifteen for six seasons and was an Ulster runner-up in 2009. Loughrey transferred to Cork in 2013.

Honours

Queen's University Belfast
Sigerson Cup (1): 2007

St Brigid's
Antrim Junior Football Championship (1): 2004
Antrim Intermediate Football Championship (1): 2006

Mallow
Cork Premier Intermediate Football Championship (1): 2017

Cork
McGrath Cup (2): 2014, 2016

Ulster
Railway Cup (1): 2012

References

1986 births
Living people
Mallow Gaelic footballers
Avondhu Gaelic footballers
Antrim inter-county Gaelic footballers
Cork inter-county Gaelic footballers
Ulster inter-provincial Gaelic footballers
Munster inter-provincial Gaelic footballers
People educated at Our Lady and St. Patrick's College, Knock
Alumni of Queen's University Belfast
Queen's University Belfast Gaelic footballers

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Create a buffer to select underlying features in GeoServer I created a  web page that displays a map by some more information and I want to add the ability to create a buffer centered on the position that I click on.
My idea is to select or change the symbols of the features that are placed under the buffer. I have no idea how I should do this.
My page html code is:
<!DOCTYPE html>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>OpenLayers map preview</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet"
       href="http://localhost:8080/geoserver/openlayers3/ol.css"
       type="text/css">

      Filter:
      <input type="text" size="80" id="filter"/>
      Apply
      Reset

Click on layer nodes below to change their properties.

Food insecurity layer
          <fieldset id="layer10">

              <input id="visible10" class="visible" type="checkbox"/>visibility

            opacity
            <input class="opacity" type="range" min="0" max="1" step="0.01"/>
          </fieldset>

    Click on the map to get feature info

`

A: You're gonna need to use WPS, Take a look at this. It has all your answers.


text:
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A popular trekkers destination and a place of extreme beauty and scenic landscapes, Monkey Falls is just the place to visit to rejuvenate your senses. Lush green landscape interspersed with dense forests and rocky cliffs, the trek here can be done on your own or with a guide, depending on your experience and sense of adventure. Guided tours and treks are conducted by the Tamil Nadu Forest Department and one needs to book in advance to join them. The place is full of monkeys so be carefull.The area around the waterfall is very scenic and you will certainly enjoy the refreshing cool water after your trek. Enjoy the best that nature has to offer and soak in the ambience to relax and refresh oneself in the lap of nature.
The closest aerodrome is located at Coimbatore which is 40 km from the Monkey Falls.
Pollachi Junction Railway Station is the closest railway station which is about 22 km away from the Monkey Falls.


Susan Smiley is Harvard-trained in the neuroscience based program, Mind, Brain, and Education. While there she focused her studies on the life-long effects of traumatic stress on the brain and nervous system. Her deep interest and expertise is in applying cutting-edge technologies to help train the brain for maximum performance. She completed advanced neurofeedback training at EEG Institute in the Othmer Method, and is a Certified Practitioner of IASIS Microcurrent Neurofeedback. Over the years she has successfully worked with hundreds of clients, remedying any array of conditions using state-of-the-art of neurofeedback techniques.
Previous to returning to graduate school for the Harvard program in 2012, Susan was a successful documentary producer. She went public with her own personal story as told in the acclaimed PBS film Out of the Shadow. An intimate portrait of her mother's battle with schizophrenia, it is also a moving chronicle of Susan and her sister as at-risk children enduring chronic adversity. The film is now widely used to train therapists, physicians, psychiatric nurses, social workers, public health and other allied mental health professionals.
These experiences as well as Susan's success with neurofeedback training for her own healing, are what drive her work to help people of all ages – from toddlers the seniors – by using neurofeedback. This also drives her passion in educating the public about its efficacy.
Susan received her B.A. from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign with a double major in Biology and English Literature and a minor in Psychology, and her Ed.M. from Harvard University.


text:
In Concert for Bangladesh
Updated on June 7, 2018 By Kunal Majumder 16 minutes read.
Ever since the crowds came pouring out on the streets of Tunis in December 2010, the world has begun to take notice of large, combustible crowds of young Muslims with a certain awe as well as a certain apprehension. Tunis signalled the birth of the Arab Spring, a phenomenon that overthrew dictatorships in Tunisia and later Egypt. The spectacular throngs at Cairo's Tahrir Square gave way to a less electrifying and bloodier campaign inLibya and finally a civil war in Syria. In Pakistan, young men began to gather on the streets, notably around Imran Khan's banner. The youth bulge of the Muslim world was announcing itself on the streets.
It was heady stuff but it was also worrying. Whether in Libya or in Egypt or even inPakistan, the wild idealism of the early crowds soon gave way to the staying power of the organised Islamists. Would that heady combination of youth and democracy — or even the beginnings of democracy — in the Islamic homelands of Africa and Asia inevitably lead to conservative and, in some cases, extremist Muslim political forces winning power?
Till the final weeks of February 2012, there was only one empirical answer to that question. Then Shahbag Square happened. From a geographical name in Dhaka, capital of Bangladesh, the country with the fourth largest Muslim population in the world, Shahbag Square became to some people the locale of an alternative template. A young generation of Bangladeshis set out to recapture the legacy of their country's birth and reclaim the narrative of 1971, taking ownership of an event that occurred well before this generation was born. Young Muslims came out on the streets, angry and impassioned. They were not advocating or emerging as the vanguard for Islamism; they were opposing it.
By 21 February, the protest at Shahbag Square had already reached its 17th day. On this day in 1952, Pakistani soldiers had shot and killed seven young Bengalis at Dhaka University. Those killed were protesting against the imposition of Urdu as a compulsory language in the erstwhile East Bengal. Just five years after East Bengal and West Punjab had come together to become the kernel of Pakistan, a nation of Muslims, the notion that Muslims were one indivisible collective, united by nothing but faith, was being challenged. Language, culture and ethnicity were staking their claim. In a sense, 21 February 1952 was Shahbag Squarebefore its time. No wonder Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, founder of the country and father of its current prime minister, Sheikh Hasina of the Awami League, insisted on calling the then eastern part of Pakistan "East Bengal". Today, of course, this is Bangladesh.
Every year, since 1952, and particularly in the runup to the liberation war of 1971, Ekush (21 in Bengali, for 21 February) became the iconic event for the incipient Bangladeshi identity. This year, it found an entirely new resonance with a new generation — often described, even mocked, as the Facebook generation. Young men and women, most of them in their 20s and some with political inklings and some completely apolitical, came to occupy the main intersection of Dhaka. With a huge green and red flag of Bangladesh flying over their heads, they shouted slogans from the liberation war of 1971: "Joy Bangla" (Victory toBengal); "Tumi ke? Aami ke? Bangalee Bangalee" (Who are you? Who am I? Bengali). They even added some of their own: "Amader ek hi dabi Razakar er fashi" (Our one demand, hang the Razakars); "Jamaat-e-Islami made in Pakistan".
Shahbag Square is what you make of it. The world is calling it Bangladesh's own Tahrir Square, some are claiming it is part of the Arab or Muslim Spring, Indians want to know if the Anna Hazare movement is an inspiration. In part, it is an assertion of secular values and an assault on religious fanatics; in part, it is the resurgence of nationalism among the youth.
Ask the ordinary young Bangladeshis who occupied Shahbag and they will tell you there are only three basic demands: death sentence for the perpetrators of the war crimes committed during the liberation struggle of 1971; a ban on the Jamaat-e-Islami and its student wing, the Islami Chattar Shivir, both involved in war crimes against the Bengali population; and boycott of companies controlled by the Jamaat. The goal is the isolation of Jamaat; secularism or pluralism are incidental byproducts that may or may not occur.
Thirty-five percent of Bangladesh's voters are in their 30s or younger. They see it as important to get a closure on their history. They see it as important to identify those who opposed freedom for Bangladesh, plotted in conjunction with the military junta in West Pakistan and oppressed their own people. They see it as important that these men, part of the Razakar militia that was an ancillary to the Pakistan Army, be punished. They see it as important to remove the stranglehold of the Jamaat-e-Islami from politics, economy and society. To be sure, these are not the only young people in Bangladesh, but at Shahbag they seem to be the only ones who count.
By some accounts, more than 3,00,000 Bengalis, including students, writers and public intellectuals, were killed by the Pakistan Army and, in many cases, by the Razakars. The Jamaat had actively aided Pakistan in its action. Post-independence trials began to prosecute many of these war criminals, but came to a stop after the assassination of Mujib in 1975.
Zia-ur-Rahman, the military ruler of Bangladesh from 1977 till his assassination in 1981, rehabilitated all the members of the Jamaat accused of war crimes. In turn, the Jamaat became a major ally of Rahman's Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP). It shared power with Khaleda Zia, the BNP leader today and Zia's widow. Zia-ur-Rahman was a hero in 1971, a high-ranking military officer in the Pakistan Army who switched allegiance to the nationalist cause. His truce with the Jamaat constituted the first break with the vision of Mujib and began a process of re-Islamisation in Bangladesh. It began a debate within the country that had never quite been settled. Shahbag has taken the argument further, given it a new twist.
Over the years, the Jamaat has expanded its role from being just a political party. Today, the Jamaat controls many things, including banks, hospitals and educational institutions (Read Jamaat faces a crisis of faith ). This gives it influence far beyond the 4 percent of the popular vote that it commands.
To the Jamaat, the commemoration of Ekush was a direct assault on their concept of the oneness of the Ummah and the effacement of national and ethnic identities. It was a reminder of their collaboration with Pakistan 42 years ago. This year on 21 February, the slogans at Shahbag had a trance-like feeling to them. When 28-year-old medical graduate Imran H Sarkar, convener of the Blogger and Online Activists Network, the group that initiated the movement, stood up to speak that evening, nearly a million people had reached Shahbag Square to participate in the protests
How did it all start? On 5 February, the War Crimes Tribunal instituted by the government ofBangladesh to conduct trials of 1971 war crime accused, announced its second verdict. Abdul Kader Mollah was indicted on five counts, including rape and mass murder. Mollah, an assistant general secretary of the Jamaat, is infamously called the "Butcher of Mirpur" for killing 344 of his fellow Bengalis. Freedom fighter and current vice-chancellor of Jahangirnagar University Anwar Hossain was present in court that day: "As three judges were reading out their deliberations, I typed an SMS to my son. 'Death pronounced. 12.08 pm'. It was still 12.07 pm. We were so sure he would be hanged."
Before Hossain could send the text message, the judges left the courthouse stunned. They announced a life sentence instead of death. "Look at the audacity of that man, he started giving a speech in the courtroom immediately after the verdict and flashed a victory sign," says Hossain. The news of the verdict and Mollah's 'victory' speech spread like wildfire. Yet, what started at Shahbag Square from 3 pm that day was something neither Hossain nor the government or any political party had expected.
Four bloggers — Imran H Sarkar, 28, Mahmadul Haq Munshi, 26, Maruf Rosul, 24, and Amit Bikram Tripura, 26, created a Facebook page inviting their friends and acquaintances to join the protest against the verdict near the National Museum, just adjacent to Shahbag Square and not far from the Racecourse Ground where the Pakistan Army had signed the instrument of surrender to Gen Jasjit Singh Aurora, leading the Indian Army and the Mukti Bahini
Within an hour, nearly 1,000 people, including Ahmed Rajib Haidar, the blogger who was later killed, allegedly by Jamaat activists, confirmed their participation. These young men and women, under the banner of Bloggers and Online Activists Network, sat down on the pavements outside the National Museum demanding a death sentence for Mollah and other war criminals. The Shahbag movement had just begun.
In three days, the numbers increased multifold. The small community of bloggers was now joined by students from various universities around the city. "School kids started coming after their classes. College-goers were coming in the evening," says Rosul, one of the bloggers. Soon, youth organisations with various political affiliations started attending the day and night sit-down protest, which had now moved on to Shahbag Square from the pavements outside the National Museum
On the afternoon of 8 February, the protesters organised their first big rally at Shahbag, announcing their demands: Kader Mollah could not be let off; all war criminals needed to be tried, and the guilty needed to be hanged; the Jamaat could not be allowed to practice its toxic politics and must be banned. The demands were extreme and bans are not necessarily democratic. Nevertheless, this was a throng of Muslims undertaking an activism without an Islamist underpinning or script and, in fact, in open hostility to Islamists in the Jamaat. It was a milestone moment.
Suddenly, the Facebook generation, hitherto accused of being disinterested in its country's future, had taken control of the country's destiny. "We always thought that the current generation knows nothing about the struggle of their parents and grandparents," says Arefin Siddique, vice-chancellor of Dhaka University. "But they proved us wrong." Ziauddin Ahmed, former energy minister and member of the Jatiya Party, an ally of the Awami League, points out that youth have been at the forefront at major points in Bangladesh's history: "Right from the Language Movement to protests against the autocratic Pakistan government to protests post-independence…"
Though the current generation might not have experienced the liberation war, they have seen the violence in the BNP-Jamaat government years, says Abul Barkat, president of the Bangladesh Economic Association and chairman of the Janata Bank. "All of a sudden, there were militant Islamic groups coming up around the country."
The game changer, one way or the other, is Bangladesh's demographic profile and its youth bulge. Imran H Sarkar, the convener of the Shahbag movement, explains that in the 2008 parliamentary election, when the Awami League won a two-thirds majority, there were around 80 million voters. Of these, 35 million were below the age of 35. In the next election, due by January 2014, there will be a further increase in the youth vote. "We could reach a situation," says Sarkar, "where 55-60 percent of the electorate will be below the age of 40. So all political parties have to take our demands seriously."
The fact that the government is taking the Shahbag protesters seriously is obvious since Parliament has decided to call for a review of Mollah's life sentence and also recast the mechanism to try Jamaat members for war crimes. "The youth at Shahbag and we are on the same side," says AFM Bahauddin Nasim, organisational secretary of the Awami League. "There have always been two streams in Bangladesh politics — one pro-liberation war and the other opposed to it."
The comment is telling. Whatever its initial motivations, the Shahbag movement is unerringly being sucked into party politics. The first assault came on 15 February when one of the bloggers, Ahmed Rajib Haidar, was killed. A blog containing abusive language about Islam and Prophet Mohammed was said to be the reason for his killing. It was later discovered that the blog was created on the day of his killing and was obviously fake. Some believe it was part of the Jamaat's dirty tricks
Apprehensions of a massive retaliation and counter- mobilisation by the Jamaat are never far away. Added to this is the fact that there are limits to how far Bangladeshi society can accept the radicalism of youth. FH Khan, a professor at Dhaka University, argues Bangladeshis not ready for secularism at the moment. "Secularism as a term will be too much to digest at the moment. So let's stick to religious tolerance," he says. Imran H Sarkar too feels talking about secularism will dilute the movement: "Yes, the original Bangladesh Constitution of 1972 has secularism as one of the four pillars, but this fight is about war criminals of 1971, not 1972. We are clear on what we want."
Khaleda Zia's BNP wanted the Shahbag movement to take up various other demands, including a caretaker government before the next election, and began by sending feelers to the young protesters. On being rebuffed, Khaleda swung back to the Jamaat. Does this make the Awami League the natural beneficiary of the Shahbag movement? "Yes, they might benefit if they accept our demand," admits Rosul. "It is we the youth who voted them to power."
The natural affinity of many of the protesters for the Awami League is not lost on the BNP. "A happy, prosperous and democratic Bangladesh can't be built only by seeking execution and slaughter," protests Mirza Fakhrul Islam Alamgir, acting secretary general of the BNP. Mahbubur Rahman, former army chief and now a BNP functionary, is more cautious: "We have welcomed Shahbag. But my personal view is Shahbag should stay apolitical."
There is another perception that this is not a battle for secularism or pluralism or history at all, but just a calculated attempt by the government and the Awami League to finish off the Jamaat. The government is playing cleric against cleric to target the Jamaat. It is even sending out text messages warning against violence and attempts to provoke people by, for instance, burning the Quran. The Jamaat hit back by calling for a strike and earlier, on 22 February, the day after the Shahbag protests died down, had come out on the streets with an unusual ferocity.
The images from the national mosque in Dhaka — Baital Makarram — horrified the country. Young men, of the same age as those who had gathered at Shahbag, but of a different persuasion, threw stones at the police and mercilessly beat up journalists.
Hasan Jahid Tusher, a senior reporter with The Daily Star, was present at the spot. "Clearly, they basically wanted the police to move inside the mosque to catch the stone throwers and this would help Jamaat to create an anti-government atmosphere," he says. But the police didn't move in.
Nevertheless, various parts of Dhaka turned into a battlefield with stone pelting and lathicharges and teargas shelling. In Chittagong, Sylhet and Rajshahi, police stations were attacked and Bangladesh flags burnt. In just a few hours, four people had died and hundreds were injured.
Just when we thought we had seen it all, without any fanfare or announcement, young men and women started refilling Shahbag Square or Projonnon Chottor (New Generation Roundabout). Facebook updates, SMSes, tweets were up on what the Jamaat had done that day. Shahbag Square was once again occupied. "This is entirely a new kind of politics," says FH Khan. "The youth of Bangladesh have realised that their future is at stake. So they are doing it for their own sake." If they succeed, they would have given Muslims across the subcontinent a new message. If…
The dirty clean-up work
Request to Katju to issue an advisory to the media against naming or publish details of the victim


text:
Lego's growth strategy: how the toy brand innovated to expand
Lego may be the building blocks of the toy industry, but it hasn't always had a smooth ride. Learn the details of Lego's growth strategy, and discover how they continue to expand in a saturated market.
The cash had stopped stacking up
The building blocks of Lego's new growth strategy
Everything is awesome (again)
Building a bright future with a winning growth strategy
Staying agile
Learning with Lego's growth strategy
Lego has been delighting kids (and bringing pain to grownups' feet) for close to 90 years. It's always been a towering giant in the toy industry – but in the last couple of years, the company has had to radically rethink its brand growth strategy to compete with challengers in the space and digital offerings.
Lego reported its first drop in sales and profits in more than a decade in 2017. The problem, said the family-owned Danish company, was weaker demand in established markets such as the US and parts of Europe, where a saturation point had been reached.
In the five years leading up to this point, Lego had invested in massive growth. They tripled their workforce and tripled the number of lines they offered, and this had left the company over-extended.
Stock was piling up in warehouses because Lego had too many product lines, and there just wasn't enough room on the shelves in toy stores. The toy trade is all about what's new, so the only way to shift the stock was by slashing the price – devaluing the brand in the process.
The beginners' guide to campaign planning
Working at a campaign level can transform the effectiveness of your marketing. Find out how to get started with this free guide.
The toymaker recognised the need to expand into markets that were still growing, such as China, but was struggling to do so, said chairman of the group Jørgen Vig Knudstorp, in a press statement. "We have added complexity into the organisation, which now makes it harder for us to grow further. As a result, we have pressed the reset-button for the entire group."
Unfortunately for Lego's employees, this meant cutting 1,400 jobs – about 8% of its 18,200 global workforce. Knudstorp said this pruning back would prepare the company to grow back stronger: "We will build a smaller and less complex organisation than we have today, which will simplify our business model in order to reach more children. It will also impact our costs. Finally, in some markets the reset entails addressing a clean-up of inventories across the entire value chain."
The building blocks of Lego's new growth strategy
When establishing a new growth strategy, Lego decided to set its sights on China, having already seen double-digit growth there. It would put money into opening stores, while shipping less product to retailers in the US and Europe.
Chief Executive Niels Christiansen said Lego had taken "the active choice" to bring down operating profits by 16% in order to invest more. "We have the ambition of getting to as many kids as we can around the world, and getting to that means we have to keep gaining market share. We would rather do the investments upfront to be leading that change."
Opening its third-largest global factory (in the city of Jiaxing) positioned Lego to supply products not only for the Chinese market, but other Asian markets too, including Japan and South Korea.
Research showed that Chinese kids play with Lego in much the same way as children of any nationality, and so the toymaker would not be developing product lines specifically for Chinese or Asian markets. It would, though, seek to combine physical and digital play to adapt to China's advanced digitisation.
"The fact that hundreds of millions of Chinese consumers will form an increasingly affluent middle class in the coming years is a huge opportunity for us," said Lego spokesperson Roar Rude Trangbaek. "Lego products – the whole idea of creative play experiences – is something that resonates strongly with Chinese consumers."
Lego's growth plans included adding stores to less central cities in China. "We began with shops in the major cities and are now looking to reach more children by establishing stores in more cities as we see increasing interest and demand for our products," said Trangbaek.
Lego's new brand growth strategy paid off – they returned to growth again in 2018, with profits and sales both increasing by 4%. CEO Niels Christiansen announced that 80 new stores would be launched in China during 2019, adding to the existing 60, and giving it a presence in 35 cities. Although, he added that the company would not be aiming for the "supranatural" growth rates of the past.
Just released figures for the first half of 2019 show steady progress with a 5% increase in global sales, including double-digit growth in China. The success comes despite issues with counterfeiting, where other manufacturers have tried to rip off Lego's colourful blocks and branding. The Chinese authorities have been supportive in helping to uphold the firm's intellectual property – Lego has won cases against six copy-cat companies.
The Financial Times believes the LEGO Group now has a "robust growth model" and that expanding its footprint in China is a smart move. "Store expansion should help secure sales growth. Shops create experiences, promoting the brand in un-Legoed parts of the world, including China," it said in a comment piece.
And it's not just the analysts who are praising the brand – for the second year in a row, UK consumers have named Lego as their favourite brand. And with a new flagship store in Beijing, featuring attractions like Lego replicas of the Great Wall of China and Forbidden City, it looks like the toy brand will soon be equally loved by Chinese consumers. As Head of LEGO Retail, Claus Flyger Pejstrup, said: "Our LEGO stores are a great tool for building brand awareness and emotional connection with our fans."
So what's next for Lego? The company's long term growth strategy includes a push into India and it has announced plans to open an office in Mumbai.
"Within 10 years, there will be 100 million kids in India living in middle-class families," Christiansen told the FT. "They are strong into education and products like Lego are very high on the wish list. The idea would be to get on some kind of journey like we are on in China."
"The growing middle class, importance of education, and growing economy make India a logical next step in our efforts to reach many more children around the world," he added.
The company also plans to open more than 70 Lego brand stores outside of China this year, including its fifth flagship store in Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
"We are making these investments from a sound financial base to capture the opportunities being created by mega-trends, such as digitalisation and global demographic and economic shifts which are reshaping the industry. Being ahead of these trends will allow us to inspire future generations of children," Christiansen told Retail Insight Network.
Meanwhile, Lego will "invest heavily in e-commerce", ensuring it won't lose sales to online rivals like Amazon, which was blamed for last year's collapse of Toys R Us. Lego is also thinking about other aspects of the company's sustainability – it's pledged to use sustainable materials in its products and packaging by 2030.
One lesson the Lego's growth strategy teaches us is how important it is to stay agile. Become a lumbering beast, and it's not easy to change course when you see the landscape changing. Equally, when opportunities present themselves, you need to be able to react quickly to take advantage of them.
Another way Lego has restructured to be more agile is by bringing its creative agency in-house. According to CMO Julia Goldin, it's been key to improving efficiency and effectiveness, not just in marketing but across the business as a whole.
"It provides complete integration – same goals, same agenda, the ability to solve problems very quickly and much greater learning across the organisation," she told Marketing Week. "And most importantly what that leads to is they are more agile and responsive to the marketplace."
Goldin and her team are now working to position Lego as one brand globally, and are preparing for future growth by creating a "holistic, immersive experience for consumers". That means Goldin's role encompasses both product and marketing, which she describes as a "really big shift" for the company.
"We have to innovate across the whole experience from product to marketing, the whole value chain," she said. "We've experienced supranatural growth, but when you are experiencing that it is sometimes difficult to see what is going to be the next wave.
"We have now come to a point where we are really active to the new wave of growth. It doesn't have to be supranatural, we just want to make sure we are reaching more kids and we stay relevant and engaging. That creates a lot of hunger in the organisation," she concludes.
If you're looking for brand growth strategy examples that you can borrow and adapt, Lego's shows you how scaling back can sometimes be beneficial. It also underlines how vital it is to go after international expansion to secure long-term growth (alongside research to back up your plans).
Reaching saturation point can come as a surprise, like it did for Lego, and then you may be faced with suddenly having to start from scratch in a new market to secure sales.
It makes sense for brands to start exploring potential new markets early on and begin forming partnerships that let you test the water without overstretching yourself. You can minimise risk with thorough consumer research, especially gathering consumer insights that let you gauge both interest in your brand among native shoppers and any cultural differences you'd need to adapt to. That's how Lego established a sound growth strategy and pushed forwards with confidence.
Already thinking about how to grow your brand? Check out 6 ways to break through the barriers to international expansion.
Fashion Brand Index 2019 Q3
A growth mindset is 7 steps away
Appliances & electronics brand index 2019 Q3


Bitcoin is a decentralized digital currency that enables instant payments to anyone online, anywhere in the world.
YES! Bitcoin is money for the Internet. It is a scarce digital commodity used as money by millions around the world. The international short term for bitcoin=XBT or BTC. The symbol for bitcoin is Ƀ. Precise like the international short term for United States Dollar=USD and the symbol for dollar is $.
Since it started in 2009, Bitcoin has provided an alternative to traditional government-issued money. No single government, corporation, or nation controls Bitcoin. There is no need for a Bitcoin bank. People can store Bitcoin in software called a wallet, which is available for almost any device.
Bitcoin is different than any currency you've used before. Bitcoin is real internet money. The supply of bitcoin is mathematically limited to twenty-one million bitcoins, and that can never be changed.
Bitcoin is more than a system to store and transfer value from one person to another. Bitcoin is a protocol, a computer network, and much more.
Bitcoin isn't owned by anyone. This means that no one, including banks, or governments can block you from sending or receiving bitcoins with anyone else, anywhere in the world.
Like in the free world, Bitcoin's price is determined by the laws of supply and demand. The price of Bitcoin in terms of traditional currency can fluctuate significantly on a daily basis, but will continue to increase as more people start to use it. For example, in early 2011 one Bitcoin was worth less than one USD, but in 2017 one Bitcoin is worth hundreds of USD. In the future, if Bitcoin will become familiar to everyone, each single Bitcoin will have to be worth at least hundreds of thousands of dollars in order to accommodate this additional demand.
Bitcoin is different than any currency you've used before, so it's very important to understand some key points. Unlike government issued money, that can be inflated at will, the supply of bitcoin is mathematically limited to twenty-one million bitcoins, and that can never be changed.
Bitcoins are impossible to counterfeit or inflate. You can use them to send or receive any amount of money, with anyone, anywhere in the world, at very low cost. Bitcoin payments are impossible to block, and bitcoin wallets can't be frozen. Short of turning off the entire world's internet, and keeping it turned off, the Bitcoin network is unstoppable and un-censorable.
Bitcoin isn't owned by anyone. Think of it like e mail. Anyone can use it, but there isn't a single company that is in charge of it. Bitcoin transactions are irreversible. This means that no one, including banks, or governments can block you from sending or receiving bitcoins with anyone else, anywhere in the world. With this freedom comes the great responsibility of not having any central authority to complain to if something goes wrong. Just like physical cash, don't let strangers hold your bitcoins for you, and don't send them to untrustworthy people on the internet.
Like everything, Bitcoin's price is determined by the laws of supply and demand. Because the supply is limited to 21 million bitcoins, as more people use Bitcoin the increased demand, combined with the fixed supply, will force the price to go up. Because the number of people using Bitcoin in the world is still relatively small, the price of Bitcoin in terms of traditional currency can fluctuate significantly on a daily basis, but will continue to increase as more people start to use it.
For example, in early 2011 one Bitcoin was worth less than one USD, but in 2015 one Bitcoin is worth hundreds of USD. In the future, if Bitcoin becomes truly popular, each single Bitcoin will have to be worth at least hundreds of thousands of dollars in order to accommodate this additional demand. Getting/buying bitcoins works just like buying any other currency.
There are several ways to buy Bitcoin, but trusted exchanges are a great way to acquire Bitcoin. Because there are inefficiencies in the traditional banking system, exchanges will sometimes have slightly different prices. If the difference is too great, traders will buy low on one an exchange and sell high on another and close the gap.
If an exchange constantly has substantially different prices than others, it is a sign of trouble and that exchange should be avoided. As with everything else, do your research and find an exchange you can trust. It's also a good idea not to use an exchange as a wallet. Move your Bitcoin to your personal wallet so that you have control over your funds at all times.


text:
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEditor;
using UnityEngine;

namespace Mujoco {

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[CanEditMultipleObjects]
public class MjShapeComponentEditor : Editor {

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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: DropDown not filling dynamically I am using following code to populate DropDown:
$(document).ready(function(){
    $('#inDistrict').sSelect();
    $("#inDistrict").change(function(){
    $.getJSON("filldistricts.php",{id: $(this).val(), ajax: 'true'}, function(j){
      var options = '';
      for (var i = 0; i < j.length; i++) {
      options += '<option value="' + j[i].optionValue + '">' + j[i].optionDisplay + '</option>';
      }
    })
  })
})

The code for the file: filldistricts.php is as below:
<?php
    require_once("../Lib/dbaccess.php");
    $query = "SELECT districtid, districtname FROM districtmaster";
    try
    {
    $result = dbaccess::GetRows($query);
    echo json_encode($result);
    }
    catch(exception $ex)
    {
        echo "<script type='text/javascript'>alert('".$ex."')</script>";
    }
?>

The DropDown is not filling. Where is the problem?
Edited:
DBAccess.php [GetRows function] contains only following code:
$resultSet = mysql_query($inQuery);
return $resultSet;

Connection is opened before the above code.

A: You're creating the options variable in the change handler but you aren't actually putting the end result into the dropdown at all!
Try:
$.getJSON("filldistricts.php",{id: $(this).val(), ajax: 'true'}, function(j){
  var options = [];
  for (var i = 0; i < j.length; i++) {
    options.push( '<option value="' + j[i].optionValue + '">' + j[i].optionDisplay + '</option>' );
  }
  // change #whatever to the id of the dropdown you
  // want to update, it's not clear from your question
  $('#whatever').html( options.join('') );
})


RANGE Applies to: SQL. the function treats all rows of the query result set as a single group.
This is exactly what I needed to limit a SQL date range extract from my SQL Server.
Also read my article Count SubTotals and Totals using ROLLUP in SQL Server and Group and Count.
In this article THIS TOPIC APPLIES TO: SQL Server (starting with 2008) Azure SQL.To do this, we simply use the GROUP BY query as a subquery, and select the date range in the outer query. Using the SQL GROUP BY clause for counting combinations.SQL Group By: SQL Having: SQL Alias: SQL Join: SQL Left Join: SQL.Need to count records and group count by date on. where I can pull the amount of transactions on a daily basis within a date range. select created, count.BY DATEPART(weekday,SalesDateTime) --GROUP BY Week SELECT count. The SELECT DISTINCT statement is used to return only distinct (different) values.
How to generate a date range in SQL. select date, count(1) from activities group by date order by date. obviously you will get no records on dates with no.
This article shows how to get the months within a date range with SQL Query. Suppose I have two dates and I need to select all the months in the range of dates.
In order to group the data by day you can use sql server in.WHERE BETWEEN returns values that fall within a given range. The SQL WHERE BETWEEN syntax The general syntax is: SELECT column-names FROM table-name WHERE.
SSRS Reports with date parameters allow you to filter your data set with a simple date picker filter while helping to automate recurring reports. SQL HOME SQL Intro SQL Syntax SQL Select SQL Select Distinct SQL Where SQL And,.
Hi Given the following table: create table Booking (BookingId int, RoomId int, RoomBookingStatusId byte, BookingDate datetime) I am looking for a way to group.
Summary values are omitted if there is no SQL aggregate function in the SELECT.
How to query a time range in an SQL DateTime field. I can create query statements to easily select records within a specific date range,. group by myyear,myday.
Used in select statements to divide a table into groups and to return only groups that match conditions in the having clause.The SQL HAVING syntax The general syntax is: SELECT column-names FROM table-name WHERE condition GROUP BY column-names HAVING condition.
SQL Server Group By Datetime. how can i run a quert in sql server to get value between two date range. Reply. From SQL SERVER 2008 simply: SELECT convert(Date.
I have too, another version for this date (normal version) that group by standart week.You can also use NOT BETWEEN to exclude the values between your range. Review Exercises.


text:
Home > Destination > Kenya > The Kenyan Coast > Safari and Coast: Classic Kenya
Safari and Coast: Classic Kenya
The Kenyan Coast,Laikipia,The Masai Mara
Enjoy a bush breakfast with a view in Laikipia
Join local Maasai guides to go big game spotting in the Masai Mara
Relax on the white sandy beaches near Lamu on the Kenyan Coast
Contact one of our Kenya specialists + 44 (0) 20 3958 6120
For wildlife enthusiasts and beach lovers, it doesn't get better than this. Staying in not one but two of Kenya's most bountiful conservancies, teeming with big game, followed by four glorious Robinson Crusoe days beside the Indian Ocean, you'll return home totally chilled and with a mountain of memories.
Arrive in Kenya
Your direct daytime flight from London to Nairobi leaves in mid-morning and takes around ten-and-a-half-hours. You'll arrive in the evening and will be met and transferred to your hotel, around 30 minutes from the airport, for an overnight stay.
After a restful night, you'll be transferred this morning to Wilson Domestic Airport, around 20 minutes away, for the short domestic flight north to the Lewa Conservancy in Laikipia. At the landing strip, you'll be collected by your camp guide and driven through the 65,000-acre conservancy to your charming safari lodge, keeping an eye out on the way for some of the area's most famous residents: Grevy's zebras and both black and white rhinos. These species have been carefully nurtured through pioneering conservation work with the local community, resulting in some of the largest concentrations in the world.
Over 70 different species of mammal now inhabit the thriving conservancy, with the snow-capped peaks of Mount Kenya to the south providing a stunning backdrop.
At your lodge, take a refreshing dip in the pool before embarking on your first game drive, guided by one of the camp's local experts. Scan the grasslands for the so-called 'Northern Five': gerenuks, beisa oryx, reticulated giraffes, Somali ostriches and, of course, the delightful Grevy's zebras. If you're an experienced rider, you can join the camp's evening horse ride; a great way to get closer to the animals. While it's a gentle ride and the horses are well behaved, you will need to have the skills to remain in control at all times. Alternatively, try camel riding. This is a fun experience with local Samburu warrior handlers to lead the ride.
Following the traditional evening sundowner cocktail to toast the day's adventures, you'll head back for a mouth-watering dinner with your fellow lodge guests.
Lewa Walking Safari
Waking to the sound of birdsong, this morning's adventure is a walking safari, accompanied by your very experienced and highly knowledgeable Samburu guide. It's an absolute joy to walk through the grasslands and watch the animals up close as they scamper (in the case of warthogs and wild dogs) or saunter around (as with the mighty elephants and elegant giraffes). Your guide will keep a careful watch and point out tracks and other signs of animal activity nearby as you walk.
On your return to camp there will be a freshly-prepared breakfast in the dining tent or out on the veranda.
After a relaxing few hours around the pool, it's time to head out in the 4x4 safari vehicle for the afternoon game drive. Lions, cheetahs and leopards are all regularly spotted in the conservancy.
As the sun starts to dip below the tree line, you'll pause for the ever-welcome sundowner drink in a spot chosen for its great view. After another great outing, you'll drive back to camp in time for a quick freshen up before a delicious dinner beneath the stars.
Bush Breakfast
Mornings on safari are particularly memorable, and today you will head out in the cooler air on your morning 4x4 game drive with the incredible cacophony of birds and mammals beginning their day as your soundtrack. First, indulge in a fabulous bush breakfast with a view rather than returning early to camp to eat. Your guide will drive to a special spot and set out tables, chairs and a delicious selection of breakfast treats. On your return to camp you'll have the day at leisure until you set off for your evening game drive, or perhaps one of the optional riding safaris (described above). This is your last evening in the conservancy and a chance to return to a favourite area or to look out for any of the more elusive animals you may have been longing to see during your stay.Hopefully with your mission accomplished, return to camp for a wonderful final supper with your fellow guests.
To the Masai Mara
This morning you may have time for a game drive before leaving to board your domestic flight to the Mara North Conservancy, an exclusive 74,000 acre area with tightly controlled visitor numbers and strict etiquette for game viewing to preserve the animal habitat. On the way from the airstrip to your new safari camp you'll get a feel for the different landscape here and have a chance to look out for the region's famous big cats from your safari vehicle. The wildlife population here is superb, with some prides of lion featured in television's Big Cat Diaries. Your experienced local guides are very familiar with the cats' habits and will share their knowledge and experience with you as you explore the plains.
If you're visiting between July and October, the annual wildebeest migration will be in full swing, with hundreds of thousands of these huge animals on the move in an amazing spectacle.
With such amazing wildlife on your doorstep, the focus at your camp is very much on making the most of your time in the bush. There are no restrictions on timings so the game drives from here can take place throughout the day as well as late into the evening. Alternatively, for experienced riders we can arrange a guided horse riding trip.
Today, you can head out to explore on an evening game drive before returning to camp for supper and perhaps a nightcap around the fire.
Mara North
On this morning's drive, look out for buffalos, hyenas, giraffes and elephants in abundance, thanks to the conservation efforts in this exceptional conservancy. The guides here are very well qualified and have grown up in the area so they're keen to share their favourite spots with guests. In the afternoon, you may like to take a trip to the local village to meet some of the Maasai people or perhaps visit the local school where there's always a warm welcome from the children and teachers.
Taking part in the evening game drive may give you a chance to check out the pride of lions that has made this patch its home, not to mention the dozens of species of small mammals and birds who are resident here too.
Back at the camp, the head chef will have prepared a delightful three course meal, beautifully served in the dining tent to round off a perfect day.
Mara North Walking Safari
Today may be the perfect day for a walking safari with the camp's expert guide. It's a great opportunity to learn more about the flora and fauna of this area as well as further training in the art of tracking, and you may well come across some of the bigger game close-up on your travels. Unlike in the main Maasai Mara, cattle are allowed to graze in the Mara North Conservancy so the grass tends to be shorter and better for spotting wildlife.
Back at camp, you can relax over a leisurely lunch before hopping in the 4x4 safari vehicle for a last evening game drive and the traditional sundowner to salute the conservancy's resident animals.
The chef will have crafted another excellent meal for your final night here. After drinks and chat around the fire, retire to your tent for a restful night's sleep.
From Bush to Beach
After an early morning game drive and a hearty breakfast back at camp, you'll be driven to the airstrip for your short flight back to Nairobi and a connecting flight to Lamu on the coast. Here, you'll be greeted at the airport and transferred to a jetty to board the boat for your 20-minute journey across the water to your idyllic beach retreat with castaway-style white sand beaches and charming waterfront accommodation. Make yourself at home and begin your relaxation from the moment you arrive.
DAYS 9 to 11
The Kenyan Coast
Spend lazy days ambling along miles of tropical beach, frequented only by a handful of fishermen, the waves lapping gently at your toes. This is true escapism, a chance to recharge your batteries and indulge in the simplest pleasures, from fly fishing and snorkelling to sailing and swimming. There are plenty of more energetic watersports on hand too, including waterskiing, windsurfing and kite surfing, while one of the most popular activities is deep sea fishing, with the waters along this coast bountiful as well as beautiful.
There are excursions inland where the dry scrubland is home to a wide variety of birds and mammals, not least a number of nocturnal species such as mongooses and porcupines. You can also hop on a boat and explore the historic town of Lamu, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the oldest continually inhabited towns in the country.
Back at the lodge, the chefs take immense pride in rustling up the most exquisite cuisine using local ingredients including succulent seafood and freshly picked fruit and vegetables. Whether dosing in your hammock, novel in hand, or racing across the water behind a speedboat, your time here on the island will be both memorable and reinvigorating.
After a final relaxing morning on the island, you'll be taken by boat to board your domestic flight back to Nairobi. Here, you'll check in for your direct, overnight flight back to the UK, which takes just under nine hours.
Arrive in the UK
You'll arrive in London early this morning.
The estimated cost for this trip is £4,565 to £6,240 per person. The final cost of the trip depends on the way we tailor it especially for you. The final cost varies according to several factors, which include the level of service, length of trip and advance booking time. The exact price will be provided on your personalised quote. The average price for this trip is £4,800 per person.
Contact one of our Kenya specialists
Where Can I Go Now From the US?
Multi-Generation Holidays
Big Five Safaris Holidays


Hello, Just found your blog as I was searching the net for turmeric bulbs. Have been searching for a long time, but with no luck. Would you know where I can get some for planting? I live in Johannesburg.
← What is this Richtersveld Plant?
I came across some at an oganic veggie stand in Noordhoek (Cape Town).
I've been trying to get them to sprout, but no luck so far.
I am also looking for turmeric root to grow.I live in Cape Town on a farm in Philippi.
Please would you tell me where in Noordhoek is the organic veggie stand is?
It was as we were coming down off oukaapseweg, a few km's before the right turn off to the big pnp. It was more of a padstal than anything, but they did have some signage outside saying organic veg.
You can find fresh turmeric root at a fruit and veg store called Rama's, in the suburb of Mayfair, Johannesburg, Corner of 6th avenue and Church street. I have recently purchased turmeric from them, so I'm sure you'll find some there.
I'm looking for turmeric root too. I live in East London. Any ideas?
Where in Durban can i find turmeric bulbs?
PLEASE HELP FIND TURMERIC ROOT IN JOHANNESBURG AND SURROUNDS .THANK YOU.
Hi there please help me I also need the fresh turmeric bulb , I stay in pretoria and I've been looking for it but I can't get it anyway .
from the Sunday organic market in Station Road, Durban . I planted a piece and it is thriving so hopefully will have some in the near future.
In CT, the organic store in Lakeside often has it.
anyone know where to find any roots in Johannesburg?
Thanks for your feedback about tumeric root, I believe one can get it Lenasia Indian fruit shop.
I live in PE and I am trying to source some turmeric roots for planting.
I live in Robertson, does anyone know where to get turmeric for planting?
Hello Karen. I managed to buy two plants from a local nursery where I live. They ordered them for me. FYI they cost R35.00 each so you might like to try that.
Once you have them you will be able to plant the some rhizomes. They grow like ginger.
I bought some fresh turmeric roots a couple of weeks ago at a small veggie shop in Fordsburg, near the (South West) corner of Dolly Rathebe and Mint Roads.
Where in pietermaritzburg would i be able to buy the plays to plant my ien.
Fresh tumeric roots for sale! R150/kg, organic! Orders bigger than 30 kg can be delivered in Capetown area!!!
Not seen any sprouting for sale, but assume you can do this at home? If anyone is anywhere near Alberton, the Apple Tree fruit and veg store in New Redruth sells loads of fresh turmeric.
Seems lots of people are looking for "fresh" turmeric!
If you have a good greengrocer (Impala in Craighall Park often stocks) then you can buy fresh turmeric root and plant it. Provided it's really fresh and local (not imported), it grows – I know, I tried.
If trying to sprout it is too risky for you and you want to buy the plant, contact Mountain Herb Nursery (www.herbgarden.co.za – speak to Zirkia) outside Pretoria – they regularly have turmeric plants in stock. I saw some last month for just under R100.
It's not difficult for a home gardener to grow, so go ahead and give it a try!


Home » Library » Knowledge Base » Banking and Finance » Banking » How do I apply for Internet banking? How do I apply to become an Internet banking user?
How do I apply for Internet banking? How do I apply to become an Internet banking user?
You can apply for Internet banking facilities if you have an account with a banking institution that offers Internet banking services.
Details on the application procedures are available on the banking institutions' websites.
Part I: Is Internet banking safe? Is online banking safe?
Part II: How do I prevent Internet banking fraud?
How can I reclaim funds that go to unclaimed moneys? How do I recover lost bank accounts?
How does the one-sen coins rounding mechanism work?
What should I know about Internet banking privacy? Should I trust the ability of Internet banking to protect my privacy?
Who must comply with Unclaimed Moneys Act 1965? Which companies or societies come under the Act by depositing funds with the Government?
Where can I file a complaint about an Internet banking service?


( News still being updated frequently) — A bomb exploded in a church north of Cairo that was packed with Palm Sunday worshippers, killing at least 36 people and wounding 71 others, officials said.
The attack in the Nile Delta town of Tanta was the latest in a series of assaults on Egypt's Christian minority, which makes up around 10 percent of the population and has been repeatedly targeted by Islamic extremists. It comes just weeks before Pope Francis is due to visit the Arab world's most populous country.
Pope Francis decried the bombing, expressing "deep condolences to my brother, Pope Tawadros II, the Coptic church and all of the dear Egyptian nation." Word of the bombing came as Francis himself was marking Palm Sunday in St. Peter's Square.
Video showing scenes of the church bombing north of Cairo that killed 25 on Palm Sunday. CAUTION: Very graphic images.
Church bombing north of Cairo kills 25 on Palm Sunday. The attack in the town of Tanta was the latest in a series of assaults on Egypt's Christian minority.


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text:
Massachusetts motorists have received a brief respite at the gas pump
After a month of rapid increases, the average price for a gallon of regular unleaded gas sold in Massachusetts dropped 9 cents last week, to $4.26, according to AAA Northeast.
Despite the recent breather, the current average is still 72 cents higher than it was a month ago ($3.54), and $1.50 higher than it was a year ago ($2.76).
Massachusetts' average gas price is a penny higher than the national average.
Experts say the primary reason for the recent decline is the lower global price of crude oil, which peaked shortly after Russia launched its war in Ukraine. But now it's more than $20 lower and hovering near $105 per barrel.
Domestically, gasoline demand is defying seasonal trends and has dipped slightly, perhaps in response to higher prices at the pump.
"Usually this time of year, with warmer weather and longer days, we'd see an uptick in gasoline demand as more people hit the road," said Mary Maguire, AAA Northeast's director of public/government affairs, in a statement. "But demand was down slightly last week, likely due in part to higher pump prices. As geopolitical tensions continue unabated, we can expect to see more volatility in oil prices, leading to significant fluctuations in the price of gasoline and diesel in the near-term."
The least expensive price for a gallon of regular unleaded gas in MetroWest is $3.95 at Hudson Gas on Washington Street (Route 85) in Hudson and at Prime Energy on Main Street (Route 140) in Upton, according to gasbuddy.com.
AAA Northeast is a nonprofit auto club with 70 offices in Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Jersey, New Hampshire and New York, providing more than 6 million local AAA members with travel, insurance, finance, and auto-related services.