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Posted on September 26, 2018 March 5, 2019 by PJ Slinger
Black Collar Crime (October 2018)
Compiled by Bill Dunn
Arrested / Charged
Timothy Urban, 52, Van Alstyne, TX: Sexual assault, bigamy and sexual performance of a child. Urban is part-time youth director at First United Methodist Church. Alleged incidents date back to 2015. According to his now-deleted biography on the church website, he's married with 2 children and has coached youth soccer teams. Source: KTEN, 8-25-18
Suphachai Suthiyano, 64, Kanchanaburi, Thailand: Assault resulting in death. Suthiyano, a Buddhist monk, is accused of battering a 9-year-old temple novice with a stick and slamming his head into a pillar after he disrupted a ceremony. The boy died after falling into a coma. Source: AFP, 8-24-18
Kevin Lonergan, 30, Allentown, PA: Felony corruption of minors and misdemeanor indecent assault. Lonergan, assistant pastor at the Cathedral of St. Catharine of Siena, is accused of sexually touching a 17-year-old girl he met at another parish and sending her nude photos on Snapchat.
The girl alleged to investigators in June that Lonergan embraced her Feb. 1 at St. Francis Parish and that she could feel he had an erection before he grabbed her buttocks. She said she told a priest at Central Catholic High School, who alerted the bishop's office. Source: Morning Call, 8-21-18
Ricardo Strachan, 40, Lauderhill, FL: Performing a lewd or lascivious act on a victim between the ages of 12 and 16. Strachan, who led Prophetic Worshipers International Church, is accused of molesting a 13-year-old girl about 60 times in 2016. Police said he scared her into keeping the abuse a secret by having her steal clothes and other items from her family for him to use in voodoo rituals.
Avo A. Roker, 32, Strachan's friend and the girl's stepfather, is charged with sexual battery. A website from 2015 listed him as senior pastor of Believer Community Church in Nassau, Bahamas. The church now appears to have new leadership. Source: WPLG, 8-19-18
Bryan Engfer, 57, Ft. Atkinson, WI: Suspicion of theft from a business setting of more than $2,500 when he was pastor at Trinity Lutheran Church, where he no longer works after an audit in July found financial irregularities. In 2013 he was a nominee for bishop of the South-Central Synod of Wisconsin for the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America but lost by a vote of 200-177. Source: WKOW, 8-16-18
A senior member of Israel's Chief Rabbinate and 4 others were arrested on suspicion of bribery, fraudulence and breach of trust. The rabbinate certifies products as kosher. Eight others were detained but not arrested. Police announced that hundreds of thousands of shekels were found in suspects' homes. A shekel is worth about 28 cents. Source: Haaretz, 8-13-18
Darryl Farrier, 38, Franklin, NJ: Child endangerment and possession of child pornography. Farrier, youth pastor at Freedom Church, allegedly met with a 15-year-old girl after using social media to meet her and have explicit chats with other underage girls. An affidavit alleged he possessed over 100 images depicting sexual exploitation and abuse of minors. Source: nj.com, 8-13-18
Siraj Wahhaj, 40, and 4 other adults who lived in a compound near Taos, NM, are charged with child abuse after Wahhaj's 3-year-old son was found dead and 11 emaciated children were also discovered there. Wahhaj was wanted on a Georgia warrant for abducting his son, who suffered from hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, in November.
The boy's body was washed, wrapped in sheets and buried at the compound, prosecutor John Lovelace said. It was believed he would return as Jesus in 4 months to reveal which of society's institutions were corrupt and needed to be done away with, a witness said. After a 2017 trip to Saudi Arabia, Wahhaj and the others performed rituals to "cast demonic spirits" out of his son's body, another witness alleged.
Wahhaj's father, an imam in Brooklyn, NY, testified as a character witness for Sheik Omar Abdel Rahman, the "blind sheikh" convicted in 1995 of plotting terror attacks in the U.S. Source: CBS, 8-13-18
Paolo Glaentzer, 70, Bagni di Lucca, Italy: Sexual molestation of a child. Glaentzer, a Catholic parish priest, is accused of molesting a girl who is 10 or 11 after allegedly being seen naked with her in July in a car parked at a market about 10 p.m.
In an interview with the newspaper Corriere Fiorentino, he said the encounter was "an exchange of affection" that got out of control, adding that the victim seemed "much more mature than she was," adding, "I thought she was at least 15." Italy's age of consent is 16 when a person holds power over another such as a priest or teacher. Source: Newsweek, 8-10-18
Seth Welch and his wife, Tatiana Fusari, both 27, Cedar Springs, MI: Felony murder and 1st-degree child abuse for the August death of their daughter Mary Anne, 10 months, from malnutrition and dehydration. Fusari admitted "they failed to reach out for medical help with their daughter for fear of having her children removed by Child Protective Services, lack of faith and trust in the medical services and religious reasons," an affidavit said.
They have 2 other children, ages 4 and 2, and Fusari is pregnant. On Facebook, Welch called doctors "priesthoods of the medical cult" and wrote "The righteous shall live by faith. It's God who is sovereign over disease and those sorts of things and, of course, ultimately deaths."
The children weren't vaccinated, which Welch opposed: "If evolution believes in survival of the fittest, why are we vaccinating everybody? Shouldn't we just let the weak die off and let the strong survive?" Source: WOOD, 8-8-18
Robert R. Browning, 59, Jacksonville, FL: Lewd battery on a person between the ages of 12 and 16, transmission of material harmful to minors and lewd and lascivious molestation. The complaint alleges the girl performed oral sex on him as he touched her sexually inside Cedar Creek Baptist Church, which operates a school where Browning taught bible studies.
Investigators also found an image of male genitalia allegedly depicting Browning that was sent from a phone number associated with him. Source: Times-Union, 8-8-18
Orlando Martinez-Chavez, 47, Jersey City, NJ: Sexual assault, criminal sexual contact and endangering the welfare of a child when he was pastor at Iglesia Pentecostal Lirio de los Valles. Martinez-Chavez was removed in June after he was accused of sending graphic images to a 32-year-old female congregant.
An alleged victim, now 15, told police Martinez-Chavez touched her genitals inside her pants in November 2012. Another girl from the church alleges she was 16 when the pastor fondled her breast 5 years ago. He's also accused of threatening to tell authorities about family members' undocumented status. Source: Jersey Journal, 8-8-18
Timothy L. Reddin, 67, Fayetteville, AR: Attempted coercion and enticement of a minor. Reddin, part-time pastor at Turner Street Baptist Church, is charged with messaging an undercover agent in July to have oral sex with someone he thought was a 14-year-old boy.
Reddin also taught classes at Ecclesia College, a Christian school, and was chaplain for the Singing Men of Arkansas choir. He was sentenced to 27 months in prison in 2000 after pleading guilty to possessing child pornography. Source: AP, 8-7-18
David Myers, 52, Akron, OH: Felony importuning. Myers, a former teacher at Cuyahoga Valley Christian Academy, is charged with starting an online chat in July with a person he thought was a 15-year-old boy but was actually an undercover officer. Four days later he showed up to have sex with the boy. Myers taught at the school from 1995 to 2012 before returning in 2014 as a part-time volunteer for the boys soccer team and theater program. Source: cleveland.com, 8-3-18
Scott E. Moore, 52, Beaverton, OR: 7 counts of aggravated theft. Moore, director of operations at Village Baptist Church until last March, is accused of stealing at least $70,000 starting in 2015. Source: The Oregonian, 8-3-18
Santo J. Alvarado, 30, Baton Rouge, LA: Indecent behavior with a juvenile and sexual battery. Alvarado, music minister at an unidentified church, is accused of assaults on a teen girl from the church between Feb. 1, 2015, and Feb. 25. He faces similar charges in S. Carolina. Source WBRZ, 8-3-18
Aryeh Cohen, 44, St. Louis Park, MN: Soliciting a child or someone believed to be a child through electronic communication to engage in sexual conduct. Cohen, rabbi and director of youth outreach at Minneapolis Community Kollel, allegedly responded in February to an ad placed by an undercover agent posing as a 16-year-old boy on the social networking app Grindr.
Cohen later sent the agent a photo of his genitalia and was arrested in an apartment complex where they were to meet, an affidavit said. Source: Pioneer Press, 8-2-18
Dustin R. Herrera, Medford, OR: 13 counts of lewd acts on a child under 14 years old and sentence-enhancing allegations of targeting multiple victims in a sex crime. Herrera is accused of molesting 8 children from 2000-04 while youth pastor at Yucaipa Christian Church in Calimesa, CA. Source: Press-Enterprise, 7-31-18
Fernando Hernandez, 50, Brownwood, TX: Indecency with a child and continuous sexual abuse of a young child or children. Hernandez, founding pastor of It's A Challenge Church, is accused of assaults on 2 underage girls in 2010 and 2016. The mother of a 7-year-old alleged she didn't came forward until now because when others she knew had, "nothing was done." Source: KTXS, 7-31-18
Charles N. Pelkey, 49, Avon, MN: 3rd-degree criminal sexual conduct. Pelkey, Avon Community Church pastor, is accused of engaging in a sexual relationship with a woman who had gone to him for marriage counseling in November 2017, which is illegal in Minnesota. Consent is not a defense. Another parishioner reported the alleged relationship to police. Source: KMSP, 7-30-18
Malo "Victor" Monteiro, 45, Colton, CA: Intent to commit rape, mayhem or sodomy, lewd and lascivious acts on a child and sexual penetration by force. Monteiro, youth pastor at Faith Baptist Church, is accused of multiple assaults on several juveniles between 1999 and 2017. Source: Press-Enterprise, 7-29-18
James C. Jones, 38, Cross Plains, TN: Sexual contact with a minor by an authority figure. Jones, youth pastor at an unidentified church, was charged with assaulting a girl following an investigation that started in September 2017. Source: WSMV, 7-27-18
Wilfredo A. Flores, 24, Oklahoma City: Rape. Flores, youth pastor at Iglesia Pentecostal Unida Hispana, is accused of assaulting a 13-year-old in her home in September 2017 after he brought her Chinese food and a flash drive she needed to finish a church project. The girl's mother allegedly found Flores hiding in a closet with a blanket over him. Source: KFOR, 7-25-18
Pamela J. Alberts, 54, Whitney, TX: Theft. Alberts, treasurer for Ministerial Alliance Whitney, is suspected of stealing as much as $85,000 from the nonprofit since 2017. Source: KXXV, 7-25-18
Dhanajay Bhave, 51, Mangeshi, India: Outraging the modesty of a woman. Bhave, a Hindu priest at Shri Mangesh Temple, is accused of trying to kiss and hug a young Mumbai woman who attends medical school in the U.S. She was visiting the temple in June when the alleged incident occurred. Source: NDTV, 7-23-18
Pleaded / Convicted
Thomas Chantry, 47, Hales Corner, WI: Guilty by jury of 2 counts of aggravated assault causing physical injury. A mistrial was declared on 4 counts of child molestation after the jury couldn't reach a verdict. When arrested in 2016, Chantry was pastor at Christ Reformed Baptist Church but the charges stemmed from Prescott, AZ, where he was pastor at Miller Valley Baptist Church from 1995-2001.
Five alleged victims testified his "discipline" left bruises and marks and in one case turned into molestation. One man said that when he was 10 or 11 he would try to rub his buttocks to soothe himself after a spanking. "I wasn't allowed to do it because he gave me the pain," the man testified. "He said it was OK for him to do it since he delivered the punishment." Then Chantry would rub his bottom for several minutes and eventually start fondling the boy's genitals. Source: Verde News, 8-21-18
Reginald Flynn, Flint, MI: Pleaded no contest to misdemeanor assault and battery for spanking a 6-year-old student with a spatula in February at Foss Avenue Baptist Church, where he is pastor. The boy was a student at Eagles Nest Academy charter school, which Flynn founded and where the boy was allegedly having behavioral issues. He was also accused of grabbing the boy's face and neck.
Flynn's attorney claimed Flynn agreed to the plea deal because of potential litigation and because he didn't want the child to have to testify. Source: mlive.com, 8-6-18
John T. Sweeney, 74, Lower Burrell, PA: Pleaded guilty to indecent assault in a plea bargain that dropped a charge of involuntary deviate sexual intercourse. Sweeney, a retired Catholic priest who served 7 different parishes from 1970-2008, admitted molesting a 10-year-old boy who attended St. Margaret Mary School in 1991-92.
According to the grand jury presentment, Sweeney forced the boy to perform oral sex on him in his parish office after he was sent there for being disruptive on a bus. Source: pennlive.com, 7-31-18
Jerry R. Newton, 54, Slidell, LA: Pleaded guilty to theft of $95,316 in Social Security disability benefits. Newton, pastor of Bogalusa Baptist Church since May 2007, didn't disclose to the government that he had a paid position with the church and owned 2 businesses when he applied for benefits. Source: Times-Picayune, 7-26-18
Donald C. Biggs, 40, Medford, OR: 15 years 8 months in prison after pleading guilty to transporting with intent to engage in criminal sexual activity. Biggs, youth pastor at Mountain Christian Fellowship, admitted taking a 14-year-old girl to California in 2013 to record her in a bathroom during a church trip. Several other victims of secret recording later came forward.
At sentencing, 45-year-old Kevin Smith jumped the railing and started punching Biggs in the face. He's the father of 2 of the victims. A GoFundMe page set up to cover Smith's legal costs raised $15,000 toward a $5,000 goal in 6 days. Source: Mail Tribune, 8-24-18.
Christopher R. Gattis, 59, Chester, VA: 158 years in prison with all but 33 years suspended after pleading guilty to 3 counts of 1st-degree murder and felony use of a firearm in the Nov. 23 killings of his wife, Jeanett Gattis, 58, his stepdaughter, Candice Kunze, 30, and her boyfriend, Andrew Buthorn, 36. Gattis was youth ministry director for Grace Lutheran Church in Chester. Parole was abolished for felonies in Virginia in 1995.
Long-term family discord escalated over several days and reached a boiling point on Thanksgiving night, the prosecution said. Part of it was captured on a home surveillance camera. About 11:15, Gattis used a pistol to shoot all the victims, who were playing a board game in the kitchen. Source: Times-Dispatch, 8-15-18
John P. Aitchison, 67, Canberra, Australia: 9 years in prison after a jury found him guilty of 5 counts of rape and 8 counts of indecency involving a 13-year-old girl in the late 1980s. The woman testified that Aitchison first assaulted her after violin practice at the Anglican church where he was pastor.
She testified he told her during a rape to look into the corner and pray she would see her pet dog that had died, while he muttered "please God forgive me." Two men also testified Aitchison molested them as youths. Source: Canberra Times, 8-13-18
Ignacio Villafan, 52, Tulare, CA: 5 years' probation after pleading no contest to grand theft of personal property worth more than $200,000. Villafan, pastor of St. Rita's Catholic Church from 2005-12, is believed to have stolen about $300,000.
District Attorney Tim Ward called the sentence too lenient: "To think that a person could steal such a large sum and not face incarceration undermines the justice that we in the District Attorney's Office seek every day," Ward said.
Bishop Armando Ochoa of the Diocese of Fresno asked the court to take a "restorative justice" approach because the diocese is short of priests and Villafan could eventually return to ministry but have no access to funds. Restitution will be decided at a later hearing. Source: Fresno Bee, 8-10-18
Wiraphon Sukphon, 39, Si Sa Ket, Thailand: 20 years in prison and $877,000 restitution for fraud, money laundering and violating the Computer Crimes Act. Sukphon, a Buddhist monk who headed Wat Pakhantitham Monastery from 2009-13, solicited donations for "the world's largest Buddha statue" in jade and gold and for other projects but spent much of it to live lavishly, the court ruled.
He was extradited from California last year and faces charges for allegedly raping a girl under 15 over whom he had unofficial custody in 2000-01. Source: The Nation, 8-9-18
Civil Lawsuits Filed
Joseph Everly, pastor of The Quest, a Christian church in Novato, CA, for the past 15 years until resigning recently, is being sued by Kimberly Labozzetta, 34, a church employee who claims Everly manipulated her into a sexual relationship that led to an abortion. The church is a co-defendant.
When she got pregnant in February and told Everly her husband had had a vasectomy, he allegedly promised her they would get married after he left his wife and they could have children later. After the abortion, he ended the relationship and told the congregation about the affair, the suit alleges. Source: Independent Journal, 8-20-18
Five employees at Bergen Catholic High School, Oradell, NJ, are defendants in a suit filed by Anthony Asatrian, now 18, who alleges sexual abuse, harassment and assault. He asserts his wrestling coach David Bell pursued him romantically starting when he was 15 and that assistant coach Dominick Spataro showed him and another wrestler pornographic photos on his phone.
Other defendants are Brother Brian Walsh (then-president of the school), Principal Timothy McElhinney and Jack McGovern, athletic director. The county prosecutor's office has declined to bring criminal charges.
Asatrian let USA Today examine 94 text messages from Bell, sent from February 2016 to early 2018. The last one arrived just before he was kicked off the wrestling team. He's since transferred to another school. Source: North Jersey Record, 8-16-18
Civil Lawsuits Settled
The Christian Brothers Catholic religious order settled a suit for $727,000 with an Australian man who said he'd have been happy with a simple apology for his sexual abuse. Paul Bradshaw, 74, Perth has terminal cancer. His alleged attackers — Brothers Lawrence Murphy, Bruno Doyle and Christopher Angus — are all dead. Bradshaw reported his abuse twice as a child and was instead called a liar and was sent to get psychiatric treatment.
Bradshaw's lawyer, Michael Magazanik, said his firm is handling 60 claims against the Christian Brothers. Bradshaw is the first to claim damages for historical sex abuse under recent laws in Western Australia that removed the time limit for such cases. Source: ABC, 8-16-18
The Catholic Archdiocese of New York has paid about $4 million from its compensation program to 24 sexual abuse victims represented by attorney Michael Reck. Payments range from $25,000 to $500,000, Reck said. The latest payment went to an alleged victim in the 1980s of John T. Meehan, 81, a priest who was a guidance counselor at Cardinal Hayes High School in the Bronx and was named a monsignor in 2006. Source: NY Post, 8-18-18
A Montana federal bankruptcy judge approved a $20 million settlement between the Diocese of Great Falls-Billings and 86 survivors of sexual abuse by Catholic clergy.
Catholic Mutual Insurance will pay $8 million, the diocese will pay $5 million, $4 million will come from individual parishes, $2 million will be paid by the Catholic Foundation of Eastern Montana and $1 million by St. Labre Indian School.
Most claims are from 1950-80. The names of 27 priests will be posted on the diocese's website within 30 days and remain online for at least 10 years. Source: KBZK, 8-15-18
Joseph H. Hart, 86, Cheyenne, WY, bishop emeritus of the Catholic Diocese of Cheyenne, is being reinvestigated on sexual abuse allegations involving an underage male. A 2002 investigation by the Natrona County District Attorney's Office found "no evidence" of abuse but the Cheyenne Police Department has new information and has asked any other potential victims to come forward.
Bishop Steven Biegler announced in July that the diocese had learned of "credible and substantiated" allegations that Hart had abused 2 boys. The diocese reported the alleged abuse to police in March, Biegler said in a statement. Source: Tribune Eagle, 8-23-18
Emiliano Arias, the prosecutor in charge of investigating the sexual abuse scandal in the Chilean Catholic Church said several bishops could face charges in the wake of scheduled interviews with Richardo Ezzati, cardinal archbishop of Santiago. Arias' office is investigating 38 abuse accusations against 73 bishops, clerics and church lay workers involving 104 victims.
The office of Santiago Silva, bishop to the armed services, has been raided in a search for evidence. Silva is also president of the Chilean bishops' conference.
Arias said officials seized documents related to complaints made over 20 years to Silva and his military predecessor, Bishop Juan Barros. Seven more court-authorized raids of senior church officials' office have been carried out. Source: Channel News/Reuters, 8-18-18
Devin Caruthers, Raymore, MO, violated bond conditions with an appearance at Second Missionary Baptist Church when children were present, prosecutors said in a motion to revoke bail. Caruthers, church youth pastor, is charged with 2 counts of sodomy, attempted child molestation and domestic assault. He's barred from contact with his alleged victims or any child under 17 except for his own.
It's alleged that during 2 sleepovers at his home, he touched a boy's genitals and told him he loved him. He's also accused of sexually touching 2 girls. Source: WDAF, 8-7-18
Denis Nolan, 64, a defrocked Irish priest convicted last year of 6 counts of rape and sexual assault of a 10-year-old boy he'd hired to do yard work in 2005-06, had his appeal denied. It was based mainly on the trial court's decision not to give the jury a corroboration warning due to inconsistencies in the victim's testimony and complaint. The appeals court said the inconsistencies were minor and not out of the ordinary. Source: Irish Times, 7-31-18
Carlo Maria Vigano, archbishop emeritus and Vatican ambassador to the U.S., said in a statement that Pope Francis should resign for his handling of sexual abuse allegations against Theodore McCarrick, a cardinal who resigned in July as archbishop of Washington due to claims he molested an altar boy in 1971-72 and later targeted adult seminarians.
Francis "must be the first to set a good example to cardinals and bishops who covered up McCarrick's abuses and resign along with all of them," Vigano said. "He knew from at least June 23, 2013, that McCarrick was a serial predator. . . . [A]lthough he knew that he was a corrupt man, he covered him to the bitter end."
Speaking to the press in Ireland, the pope responded: "I will not say a single word on this." Source: CNN, 8-26-18
Edmundo Paredes, pastor for 27 years at St. Cecilia Catholic Church in Oak Cliff, TX, before fleeing the U.S. after being removed in June 2017 for suspected financial irregularities, is now under investigation for molesting 3 teen boys in the parish between 10 and 20 years ago.
During the financial probe, in which $60,00 to $80,000 is involved, church officials received allegations of criminal sexual acts, which have been found to be credible, said Diocese of Dallas Bishop Edward Burns. The church is hiring private investigators to find Paredes, suspected of being in the Philippines. Source: Morning News, 8-19-18
James Mulcahy, 74, is accused in a victim's compensation claim filed with the Diocese of Rochester, NY, of repeatedly molesting a boy in 1978 when he was 13 and Mulcahy was religious education coordinator at St. Patrick Catholic Church in Mt. Morris. The alleged abuse wasn't reported to authorities until 1994 after the statute of limitations expired. Mulcahy now lives in Ukraine and works for Metropolitan Community Churches, where a reporter contacted him and was told the allegations lack substance.
Mulcahy's file in the Livingston County Sheriff's Office has an allegation of sexual abuse involving a 14-year-old boy for whom Mulcahy was a foster parent. Reporters found more abuse claims targeting boys as far back as 1978. Through it all, at various times, Mulcahy was a hospital chaplain, religion teacher, diocesan personnel department employee and pastor at Metropolitan Opens Arms Church in Rochester, where he retired in 2014. Source: WHAM, 8-15-18
William C. Graham and Roland Antus were found to be credibly accused of sexual abuse after the Diocese of Duluth, MN, investigated claims. Graham was accused of child abuse in the 1970s at St. Benedict's Catholic Church in Duluth.
Antus was credibly accused of committing the same crime in the 1980s at St. James Catholic Church in Duluth. Graham is on administrative leave and Antus retired in 2008.
Graham sued his accuser in 2016 for making false claims. The suit is unresolved. The list of credibly accused priests in the diocese has 37 names. Source: News Tribune, 8-5-18
Gerald P. Sheehan, a New York Catholic priest who died in 2006, has been accused of molestation by a woman in her 40s who says she was between 7 and 14 years old and a member of Nativity of Our Lord Church in Orchard Park when she was assaulted about 200 times at her home, at the church rectory and at various cottages. Sheehan was listed as "On leave" in S. Buffalo in 1976, the time of the alleged abuse. Source: WKBW, 8-3-18
Leonard Kalin, a Nebraska Catholic priest who died in 2008, has been accused of sexual misconduct by Peter Mitchell, a priest who was laicized in 2017 for violating his vow of celibacy on multiple occasions. Kalin was vocations director for the Diocese of Lincoln and pastor of the University of Nebraska Newman Center from 1970 until the late 1990s.
Mitchell alleged Kalin regularly asked seminarians to help him shower because he was old and needed help and would then make sexual advances. He also invited them on trips to Las Vegas and would require them to meet with him late at night at the Newman Center.
Mitchell admitted his own violations of celibacy with women. "I am painfully aware, however, that the people to whom my seminary formation was entrusted modeled addictive behavior to me and an entire generation of young men who are now priests." Source: Catholic News Agency, 8-3-18
Removed / Resigned
Frank Gomez, Bridgeport, CT, resigned as pastor at St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church rather than undergo "treatment and assessment" at a facility in Canada amid accusations that he texted children and gave them gifts without their parents' knowledge.
The Diocese of Bridgeport told parishioners that Gomez, a native of Mexico ordained in 2009, texted children without their parents' knowledge, offered them gifts and had physical contact that was not sexual but made people uncomfortable. "Serious boundary violations" but nothing "illegal or immoral," said Bishop Frank Caggiano. Source: CT Post, 8-25-18
Javier Heredia, pastor of S. Carolina Catholic parishes in Lancaster and Great Falls, was placed on administrative leave after his arrest for inappropriate touching of a girl at a public wave pool, said a diocesan press release. Arrest details weren't available. Source: The State, 8-24-18
Michael W. Matusak, Uniontown, PA, was removed by the Diocese of Greensburg as pastor of 5 Catholic parishes due to a credible allegation of child sexual abuse dating back almost 20 years. The accusation is new and isn't part of the state grand jury report on child abuse in Pennsylvania. Source: WTAE, 8-22-18
Steven M. Fink, Baltimore, rabbi at Temple Oheb Shalom, was suspended by the Central Conference of American Rabbis for multiple violations of its Ethics Code.
The synagogue sent a letter last May to congregants that said it had suspended Fink with pay due to an allegation of sexual impropriety with a teen minor that occurred "a number of years ago."
In January 2007, then-Cantor Lisa Levine left the temple abruptly and declined to say why. She again declined in May. Source: Baltimore Sun, 8-20-18
Henryk Pawelec, Pompano Beach, FL, resigned as pastor at St. Coleman Catholic Church, the Archdiocese of Miami announced in a letter to parishioners. Archbishop Thomas Wenski alleged Pawelec stole over $236,000 for "his personal benefit" and said the archdiocese has reported the incident to the State Attorney's Office. Source: Miami Herald, 8-19-18
Edward Jones was removed as pastor at Florida Catholic parishes in Crawfordville and Lanark due to a credible allegation of inappropriate contact with a minor female in 2004 when he served at Blessed Sacrament Parish in Tallahassee. State Attorney Jack Campbell said his office is investigating. Source: Tallahassee Democrat, 8-16-18
Xuecheng (born Fu Ruilin), 51, resigned as head of the Buddhist Association of China and abbot of Longquan Monastery in Beijing. A 95-page report written by former monastery monks alleged he "sent suggestive messages to two female monks at Longquan Temple and made unwanted sexual advances toward at least four others," reported the S. China Morning Post. "Other chapters outlined how he had overseen the illegal construction of several buildings at the monastery and embezzled funds."
Xuecheng denied all allegations on Weibo, China's equivalent of Twitter, where he has over a million followers. Source: NPR, 8-15-18
Jeff Jakes, senior pastor at Orangewood Church and Christian School in Maitland, FL, resigned after an independent investigation criticized the church's handling of sexual harassment of a young female intern in 1998.
"Much has been said about events that happened 20 years ago and though I strongly disagree with many of the accusations made against me and the conclusions, my heart breaks for those who have been hurt at Orangewood and I pray for healing," Jakes wrote in a resignation letter.
GRACE, a Christian group that investigates misconduct claims within religious institutions, said it spoke to 76 witnesses and surveyed more than 600 church members. Orangewood is Presbyterian-affiliated. Source: Orlando Sentinel, 8-13-18
Patrick Barvick, pastor at St. Mary's Catholic Church in Davey, NE, was removed by the Diocese of Lincoln. Bishop James Conley said he told Barvick earlier that "he was not to be alone with females. His behavior concerns me and the Diocesan Review Board," adding, "I have asked him to temporarily step aside from his parish while I evaluate this situation."
Steve Thomlison resigned as pastor at St. Stephen in Exeter and St. Wenceslaus in Milligan after Conley met with him to "discuss a past incident in the military that was a concern" when he was a National Guard chaplain.
Conley also removed Charles Townsend as pastor of St. Peter's Parish in S. Lincoln due to an "emotionally inappropriate, nonsexual relationship" with a 19-year-old man. Conley said the relationship involved alcohol and that Townsend was sent to the Shalom Center in Houston for treatment. Source: Fremont Tribune, 8-13-18
Steve Timm, Clearwater, MN, resigned as pastor of Rejoice Lutheran Church in July. Timm told a reporter: "Earlier this year, I was involved in a consensual affair with a woman at Rejoice." He called the relationship "mutual and consensual" and said it was "not in the context of counseling."
State law bars clergy members from having a sexual relationship with anyone they are counseling, regardless of consent. The behavior was also disclosed to the state National Guard, where he's a member of the 47th Chaplain Detachment.
Timm, who is married with children, worked with the Guard's Yellow Ribbon program that trains clergy on how to gain the trust of troops returning from deployment. Source: St. Cloud Times, 8-11-18
Heather Larson, S. Barrington, IL, lead pastor at Willow Creek Community Church, and the board of elders resigned after acknowledging the church mishandled allegations that megachurch founder Bill Hybels engaged in improper behavior with women, including his executive assistant, for decades. Hybels resigned in April and alleged victims are still coming forward.
Willow Creek has a $77 million budget and 350 employees spread among its 8 campuses. Source: Chicago Tribune, 8-10-18
Mark F. Plaushin, Philadelphia, a priest in residence at Our Mother of Consolation Catholic Parish, was removed from ministry after an allegation surfaced he molested a minor in 1985 before he was ordained. Plaushin, who is in his early 60s, was ordained as an Oblates of St. Francis de Sales priest in 1989. Source: Philly Voice, 8-10-18
Brett Moser, lead pastor at River City Church in Fargo, ND, was placed on leave after he and his wife, Shannon Moser, met with the board after she was arrested for having sex with a 16-year-old student. She teaches middle school science.
His photo and biography have been removed from the church's website but there's no public allegation of his involvement.
The student alleged he met the teacher in Rendezvous Park in June and that they had sex in the car along a gravel road. Another student, now 15, told police in July that Shannon Moser had shared explicit photos and videos on Snapchat starting when he was 14. Some of the videos show
Confession cartoon
ed the Mosers having sex, court documents stated. Source: News Tribune, 7-24-18
CategoriesFeatures, Vol. 35 No. 08 October 2018
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This is a series of 5 parts in which I explain how to create a stylized game asset using Blender, ZBrush and Substance Painter.
You can download the model for free from Sketchfab.
Sculpting part could have been done in Blender as well to keep it simple but not bad to have other apps in there to diversify i'm guessing.


text:
Polizeirabbiner sind Rabbiner deutscher Polizeien. Sie sind analog zu den kirchlichen Polizeiseelsorgern für die Arbeit mit jüdischen und nichtjüdischen Bediensteten bei Polizei und Justiz zuständig.

Geschichte
Am 30. Dezember 2020 (15. Tevet 5781 nach jüdischer Zeitrechnung) unterzeichneten das Innenministerium des Landes Baden-Württemberg, die Israelitische Religionsgemeinschaft Baden (IKG) für Baden und die Israelitische Religionsgemeinschaft Württembergs (IRGW) für Württemberg eine Vereinbarung über die Benennung von Polizeirabbiner/innen sowie deren Arbeit in der Polizei des Landes Baden-Württemberg, die zum 1. Januar 2021 in Kraft trat und vorerst zwei Jahre lang gelten soll. Damit ist Baden-Württemberg das erste Bundesland, das Polizeirabbiner in Anlehnung an die kirchlichen Polizeiseelsorger berufen hat.

Als Polizeirabbiner für Baden wurde Landesrabbiner Moshe Flomenmann von der IKG Lörrach berufen, für Württemberg der Ulmer Ortsrabbiner der IRGW, Shneur Trebnik.

Die Initiative zur Berufung von Polizeirabbinern ging zurück auf die Erfahrungen des Beauftragten gegen Antisemitismus der Landesregierung Baden-Württemberg, Michael Blume. Dieser empfahl in seinem dem Landtag von Baden-Württemberg am 28. Juni 2019 vorgelegten Bericht im Sinne einer Vorbildfunktion staatlicher Stellen die Einstellung von je einem badischen und württembergischen Polizeirabbiner analog zu den kirchlichen Polizeiseelsorgern für die Arbeit mit jüdischen und nichtjüdischen Bediensteten bei Polizei und Justiz.

Ab 1. September 2022 gibt es auch bei der Polizei Sachsen-Anhalt ein Polizeirabbiner-Team, bestehend aus drei Rabbinern und einer Rabbinerin. Chef des Teams und erster Amtsinhaber ist Landesrabbiner Daniel Fabian.

Siehe auch
 Militärrabbiner
 Seelsorger

Weblinks
 Kompendium gemeinsamer Fachtag Antisemitismus von Innenministerium Baden-Württemberg/konex und IRGW am 23. September 2019 im IRGW-Gemeindezentrum Hospitalstraße/Stuttgart
 Pressemitteilung des Innenministeriums zur Berufung von Polizeirabbinern vom 30. Dezember 2020

Einzelnachweise

Polizei (Baden-Württemberg)
Polizei (Sachsen-Anhalt)
Seelsorge
Judentum in Deutschland

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


In phytosociology, ecological features are all of the particular physiognomic features of a plant formation.
These particular characteristics, which are generally very localised, make it possible to distinguish original characteristics in plant species from the same habitat.
Ecological features are therefore a form of biodiversity of plant associations.


If a bunch of guys are farting in the corner of a debating room and spilling punch on each other while making wisecracks about the hairline of the debators and they get asked to leave the room, the debate isn't screwed over.
"White supremacists, anti Semites and other racists" – note that.
Who enters a debate with, "Hi, I'm a white supremicist." "Hi, I'm an anti-Semite". "Hi, I'm a racist"?
You can enter a debate with, "I believe that society would be improved by encouraging self-similar groups to associate in order to improve mankind as a whole and here are some papers to support my assertion".
That's the distinction he's talking about.
« Well, I kinda like the idea of sneaking education in through subversive means allowing populations that normally wouldn't engage to get engaged at least SOMEHOW. So, that's the positive I see. But I understand the point.


La Tourelle is hosting Falling Waters Music Camp for the 5th year. With 55 rooms and suites on 70 acres, La Tourelle is an ideal site for the camp. It is a New York State-Certified Green Hotel, and includes a spa, a bistro and a steakhouse. La Tourelle has a warm, friendly, elegant yet casual atmosphere, with classic Finger-Lakes long views over Inlet Valley toward Cayuga Lake. Proprietor Scott Wiggins, a lifelong Ithacan and a musician (drummer!), is passionate about protecting the environment and supporting the Ithaca community. Learn more about our hosts at www.latourelle.com.
La Tourelle provides free coffee throughout the weekend and goodies for the Happy Hour reception (cash bar with discounted drinks for participants). Meals are not included in the hotel or registration fees. Breakfast, lunch and dinner are served at the Bistro will be offered throughout the weekend. Many other dining options are available in Ithaca – great restaurants, excellent takeout options (with delivery to La Tourelle), and the John Thomas Steakhouse on site.


text:
package org.switchyard.quickstarts.bpm.service;

import org.junit.Assert;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.switchyard.quickstarts.bpm.service.BackOrderBean;
import org.switchyard.quickstarts.bpm.service.data.Order;
import org.switchyard.quickstarts.bpm.service.data.OrderAck;
import org.switchyard.test.Invoker;
import org.switchyard.test.ServiceOperation;
import org.switchyard.test.SwitchYardRunner;
import org.switchyard.test.SwitchYardTestCaseConfig;
import org.switchyard.component.test.mixins.cdi.CDIMixIn;

/**
 * The Class BackOrderTest.
 */
@RunWith(SwitchYardRunner.class)
@SwitchYardTestCaseConfig(mixins = CDIMixIn.class)
public class BackOrderTest {

    /** The service. */
    @ServiceOperation("BackOrder.hold")
    private Invoker service;

    /**
     * Send message.
     */
    @Test
    public void sendMessage() {
        Order order = new Order();
        order.setOrderId("SHIPIT");
        OrderAck ack = service.sendInOut(order).getContent(OrderAck.class);

        Assert.assertFalse(ack.isAccepted());
        Assert.assertEquals(BackOrderBean.HOLD_STATUS, ack.getStatus());
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Rosalía shares campy video for new two-song bundle "Fucking Money Man": Watch
Comprised of the upbeat "Milionària" and the slower "Dio$ No$ Libre Del Dinero"
by Ming Lee Newcomb
on July 03, 2019, 1:51pm
Rosaila's video for "Fucking Money Man"
Rosalía has released a delightfully campy music video for her new two-part track, "Fucking Money Man". The mini suite is really two songs, "Milionària" and "Dio$ No$ Libre Del Dinero", the latter which translates to "God Free Us from the Money."
The accompanying visual, directed by Bàrbara Farré, runs with the money theme. For the upbeat "Milionària", the Spanish pop star plays a contestant on a cheesy game show, running through a series of silly challenges to try and literally grab cash. As the song transitions to the balladry of "Dio$ No$ Libre Del Dinero", Rosalía moves to the next phase of the game show. Wearing a matador-inspired outfit, she croons in a ring of fire before the lights cut out and she's shepherded off the show's soundstage.
(Read: The 10 Hottest European Music Festivals to Check Out This Summer)
Watch the clip below.
The Catalonian singer has already released a number of songs in 2019. "Fucking Money Man" follows up collaborations with J Balvin on "Con Altura" and James Blake for "Barefoot in the Park", plus her last single, a solo track titled "Aute Cuture".
New Flamenco
Pop Music News
The Who's Roger Daltrey predicts his voice will be gone in five years
Disney discreetly deletes #MeToo scene from Toy Story 2 blooper reel

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
\section{The Data: What We Did}

We formed a complete, X-ray selected sample of CCs in
nearby Abell clusters.  We started with ROSAT All-Sky Survey
images of nearby ($z < 0.09$) Abell clusters \cite{Ledlow}.  We
identified clusters which are X-ray bright ($L_x > 3 \times 10^{43}$erg/s
within a 500 kpc aperture), centered on a massive galaxy, and with a centrally
concentrated X-ray atmosphere (ratio of flux within 500 and 62.5 kpc
apertures no larger than $\sim 14$).  These criteria correlate well
with strong CCs found in other, more detailed deprojection analyses ({\it
  e.g.}, \cite{Peres}.)  From these we selected clusters favorably
placed in the sky for nightime VLA observations in 2002.
This procedure gave us 22 clusters:  A85\index{A85}, A133\index{A133},
A193\index{A193}, A426\index{A426}, A496\index{A496},
A780\index{A780}, A1644\index{A1644}, A1650\index{A1650}, A1651\index{A1651},
A1668\index{A1668}, A1795\index{A1795}, A1927\index{A1927},
A2029\index{A2029}, A2052\index{A2052}, A2063\index{A2063},
A2142\index{A2142}, A2199\index{A2199}, A2428\index{A2428},
A2495\index{A2495},  A2597\index{A2597},
A2626\index{A2626} and A2670\index{A2670}.
  Good, deep radio data already exist for 3 of these
(A85;  A426, the Perseus A cluster;  A780, the Hydra A cluster).
We observed the
rest with the VLA.  Because high-resolution radio data exist for
many of these objects, we designed our observations to detect faint,
extended radio emission \cite{Tomislav}.  We note that  M87\index{M87}
is not in our  formal sample, because it is not in an
Abell cluster, and its CC is on the weak side.  We include it in much
of our analysis, however, because it is  so well studied \cite{OEK,
Forman}, and it is  an important example of the interaction
between CCs and their embedded RGs.   In addition, nine of our
clusters were also
included in our VLA search \cite{Tomislav} for  cluster-scale
radio haloes, giving us additional information on extended emission
from these objects.

\section{The Data: what we have learned}

Our data show that the story is more complicated than has been thought.
We find evidence every that cooling core is being disrupted, and probably
energized, by an AGN.  Our data also suggest that the radio-loud
plasma does mix with the ICM, at least on large scales, and that the
AGN may well {\it not} be the only driver for the ICM in a cooling-core
 cluster.

\subsection{Every Cooling Core Contains a Radio Source}

Every cooling core in our sample contains a currently-active
radio core (some too faint to have been detected in previous
work). This means that the central AGN are active  100\%
of the time; they do not have any ``off'' periods.
However, if currrent dynamical estimates of source ages ($\sim 100
$ Myr) are close to correct, the central AGN is probably variable,
cycling through high-power and low-power states.  The
jet and inner halo of M87\index{M87} \cite{Dean} appear to be an
example of a recently  ``reinvigorated'' AGN.

It follows that  every RG in a cooling-core is currently being
driven by an active jet.  In particular, our deep radio images
sometimes reveal  faint jets connecting the central AGN to what were
previously thought to be offset ``relics'' (e.g., A133\index{A133},
A2199\index{A2199}).  We therefore argue that very few CCRGs
 are simply passive, buoyant bubbles.  The situation is more complex;
we hope the data can guide us toward improved models.

\subsection{The Radio Galaxies are Unusually Disturbed}

Cooling-core RGs are characterized by unusual
morphologies.  Most of them are neither Fanaroff-Riley Type I
(tailed), nor Type II (classical doubles).  Sixteen CCRGs in
our sample are well enough imaged to reveal their structure (the remaining
7 are too faint and too small).   Three of these 16 are
standard tailed sources (including Hydra A).  The rest are
diffuse and amorphous. Such a large fraction (80\% of the set) is far
too many to be  ``normal'' RGs seen end-on.
Furthermore,  amorphous sources such as these are rare in the general
radio-galaxy population;  only 5 of the $\sim 200$ well-imaged cluster
radio galaxies in the Owen-Ledlow set \cite{OL} are amorphous, and
{\it all} of those sit in the centers of strong cooling cores.

These data show that an unusually strong interaction occurs between
the radio jet and the dense cooling-core into which it tries to
propagate.  The interaction seems to destabilize the jet, on a scale
of only a few kpc (the short jets in M87\index{M87}, Perseus A\index{PerA}
and A2052\index{A2052}  are good examples here).
It follows that the evolution of a cluster-core RG is not
governed by directed momentum flux, in a large-scale jet, as is the
case with most RGs.  Instead,  isotropized energy flow from a
disrupted jet creates the amorphous haloes that we see.  The strong
RG-CC interaction is also suggestive of an effective energy transfer
between the jet and the local cooling core;  however
the details of the process remain unclear.

\subsection{The Radio Haloes Extend to Large Scales}

Many of our  CCRG are much larger than was previously known.
Most  of the amorphous sources have two
scales of radio emission: a  smaller, brighter source (often
previously studied in higher resolution observations)
is embedded within a larger, faint, extended mini-halo.
Typical sizes of these mini-haloes
range from $\sim 70$ to $ 200$ kpc. For instance, Per A \cite{Burns} and
A2029 \cite{Tomislav} can be traced to $\sim 200$ kpc, nearly as large
as the long radio tails of Hyd A \cite{Lane}.
If the AGN is always ``on'', but cycles between strong and weak states, the
mini-haloes  may be  relics of previous activity cycles.
In addition, we have detected
Mpc-scale radio haloes in two clusters, A2328 and A2495, which
refutes the  current idea that Mpc-scale haloes avoid
cooling cores.

To put these sizes in context,  recall that the  size of the cooling
core is typically $\sim50\!-\!100$ kpc.  The size
of the cluster's potential well, as measured by the Navarro-Frenk-White
scale radius,  is only a few hundred kpc in CC clusters.
Furthermore, the haloes do not obviously have clear edges.
The sizes we measure are limited by the sensitivity of the observations,
and may not be the true extent of the radio emission.
With such large scales, the radio haloes may better be regarded as part of
the entire ICM, not just a byproduct of the central AGN.

\subsection{The Radio and X-ray Plasmas Must Mix}

Our sample contains a variety of mixing states. Some of our
clusters have small, clear  X-ray cavities in the inner CC, approximately
coincident with the RG.  These cavities are very likely filled by
radio-loud plasma, with little or no X-ray plasma.  In other clusters
({\it e.g.},  M87 \cite{Forman},  A1795 \cite{Ettori}),
the interaction between the  two plasmas is more complex. The X-ray
plasma is clearly interacting with, but not evacuated  by, the radio
plasma.  In still others, the X-ray
plasma appears smooth and undisturbed on the scale of the RG, at the
best current  X-ray resolution and
sensitivity.   We suspect the two plasmas have at least partially mixed in
these CCs.  In addition, because the ICM is not
dramatically disturbed on  hundred-kpc scales, the larger radio
haloes must be effectively mixed with the ICM.

It seems, therefore, that the radio and X-ray plasmas mix effectively during
the lifetime of the CCRG.   Just how
this occurs is not clear,  given the stabilizing effects of even a small
magnetic field in the ICM \cite{JdeY}.
Deep, high resolution
radio images ({\it e.g.}, M87, \cite{OEK};  A2199, in preparation) may
provide hints.  We see radio-loud filaments in these sources
that appear to be escaping from the RG and penetrating the CC
plasma.  These filaments may be
similar to the magnetic flux  ropes which are
known to penetrate the terrestrial  magnetopause.
Such flux ropes, once formed, may
 decouple from the main body of the radio source and rise bouyantly
through the ICM, giving rise to an extended radio halo coincident with
a relatively smooth X-ray atmosphere.

\section{The Models:  Where to Go Next}

The important question in the context of this meeting is, how much
energy does a ``typical'' central AGN  deposit in the
cooling core plasma?
To answer this, we must  determine the mean jet power,
$P_j$, averaged over the lifetime of a typical CCRG, and how
effectively that  power is deposited in the local plasma.
We emphasize that we have {\it no} direct measure of $P_j$.  The radio
power of the CCRG is a poor tracer of the jet power \cite{JAE}.
 The best we can do directly from observations is to use minimum-pressure
arguments, which are possible if the jet is  resolved ({\it e.g.} M87
\cite{OEK}).  This gives us a lower bound on $P_j$.  To go further,
we must choose a dynamical model for the RG and its interaction with the
local ICM.  This sounds simple, but the devil is in the details.

\subsection{Calorimetry}

The simplest cases are cooling cores which have clear X-ray cavities
that coincide  with an extended RG.  In these the
mean jet power can be found from the
energy within the cavity and the age of the source.  This is a simple,
attractive appproach, which  has been applied by various authors
({\it e.g.},  \cite{Birzan, DeY}).  However, it has complications.  One is that
measuring the energy  content of the cavity is not straightforward,
because it is hard to know the extent to which the radio and X-ray plasmas
have mixed in most of these
clusters.  A second concern is how to estimate the age of the source.
Most authors currently assume the radio source is passive, having been
previously inflated by an AGN which has since turned off.  If
this holds, the source age is its size divided by the bouyant speed, $v_b$.
 But what is $v_b$?
The sound speed is no more than an optimistic upper limit, because
$v_b$ is quite subsonic for small structures.  In  addition,  magnetic
tension from even a very small intracluster
field can  exceed hydrodynamic
drag, and reduce $v_b$ even more \cite{JdeY}.

A more serious concern, however, is the evidence from our work
 that every CCRG is currently being  driven by jets from an active AGN,
and  that large-scale radio haloes have mixed with the ICM.
It follows that very few CCRGs are well described as isolated,
passive, buoyant bubbles
(although buoyancy surely plays  some role in the evolution
of the RG).  New models are needed.

\subsection{Possible Dynamical Models}

As a first step towards such new models, we
suggest  that CCRG evolution can be broken into two stages.
We envision an early stage in which young, driven sources interact
with and expand into the ICM,
and a later stage in which the RGs have grown into extended mini-haloes
mixed with the ICM.  If AGN activity is cyclic,
an older mini-halo could coexist with a younger, restarted inner core.
We note that our ideas here are no more than toy models; they need to be
developed and tested  against real, well-observed CCRGs.

Because the observations show that the AGN in every CCRG is ``alive'', and
because CCRGs are often
amorphous, we suggest that small, young sources
are  being driven by a quasi-isotropic energy flux (as from
an unstable jet). Such evolution can be approximated by a self-similar analysis
\cite{Falle}.  However, because the edges of the
X-ray cavities are not strong shocks ({\it e.g.},  \cite{Fabian}), we know
the expansion is slow;  this suggests the expansion proceeds at approxiate
pressure balance \cite{OEK}.  Such a  model predicts the source size
$R(t)  \propto (P_j t)^x$, where $x$ depends on the ambient pressure
gradient.  We emphasize that   $P_j$ and $t$ cannot
be determined separately in this model;  the
best we can do is the limit $\dot R < c_s$, which gives an upper limit
to $P_j$.

Because the data also show  the radio and X-ray plasmas are well  mixed
for larger RGs, we further suggest that CCRGs eventually fragment and mix
 with the ICM.    The fragmentation may occur {\it via}  MHD
surface effects (such as the tearing-mode instability) which create magnetic
filaments or flux ropes.  Alternatively,  the small-scale flux ropes which
we know exist in MHD turbulence may  retain coherence and diffuse
into the extended ICM in late stages of CCRG evolution.  (The
ubiquity of filaments in well-imaged RGs suggests such structures
are common in general; why should CCRGs be different?)
We expect the flux ropes to rise slowly under buoyancy, and to retain their
identity for awhile, after which they probably dissipate and merge with
the local ICM. In principle, $P_j$ could be estimated for such a
source from the energy content of the radio plasma and its
buoyant rise time, but uncertainties in filling factors and flux
rope sizes limit the quantitative usefulness of this  approach.

\subsection{The Large Radio Haloes}

Some of our radio haloes are large enough to raise the question,
where does ``CCRG'' end and ``cluster halo'' begin?  That is, on what
scale is the physics of the  full cluster more important than the
influence of the AGN?   The synchrotron size is one criterion:  how large
can the radio halo can be without needing {\it in situ} energization?
We are skeptical of simple
synchrotron-aging estimates, because magnetic fields in the radio source and
the ICM are  almost certainly  inhomogeneous.   One can, however, derive
a useful limit.  The lowest loss rate for the radio-loud electrons is that of
inverse Compton losses on the cosmic microwave background.
If the electrons spend  most of their time
 in sub-$\mu$G magnetic  fields, and occasionally migrate into
high-field regions (probably a few $\mu$G)
where they become radio-loud, we can find  an upper limit to
their synchrotron life.

This cartoon predicts the radio plasma in a buoyant
flux rope can reach $\sim 100$ kpc before it fades away.
 Radio sources larger than this  must be undergoing
extended, {\it in situ} re-energization.  It follows that some driver other
than the AGN must exist on large scales.
Ongoing minor mergers are thought to support
radio haloes in large, non-CC clusters.  They may be important
in CC clusters as well  ({\it e.g.}, \cite{Motl}), and may be driving the
larger haloes.  But then, if we admit the need
for non-AGN heating of CC clusters on large scales, can we be  sure that the
cooling core itself is heated only by the AGN?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


If you're a person who loves make your own Easter décor, we have a fantastic collection of DIY ideas for you.
Turn on your creativity and discover the project which best suits your decoration needs. I'm sure that you find something that is very easy, fun and will allow you to make gorgeous decorations that you're sure to need to show off this Easter. These fun, colorful and easy projects will definitely be a hit for crafters of all ages.
You do not need special skills and a lot of time, because these projects can be done super fast! See for yourself.
Create a cute bunny banner and hang it on a wall or use it as a front door decoration.


text:
Forbesomyia is a genus of wood midges, insects in the family Cecidomyiidae. The one described species - Forbesomyia atra - is known from North America. The genus was established by Scottish entomologist John Russell Malloch in 1914.

References

Cecidomyiidae genera

Taxa named by John Russell Malloch
Insects described in 1914
Monotypic Diptera genera
Diptera of North America


I am honored to serve the City of Brewer in the capacity of City Manager. Brewer is fortunate to have a hard working, dedicated, and seasoned City Council representing its citizens. Brewer is equally fortunate to have some of the most talented staff to be found anywhere in the State of Maine. We pride ourselves on the high level of service and professionalism delivered to citizens, as well as a customer focus that responds to people and issues in an effective, timely manner. Our various departments, at all levels, serve as a cohesive team. Our goal is to make certain Brewer is, and will continue to be, a great place to live, work, raise a family, and grow a business. We are also very proud of our web site and hope that you find it useful and user friendly. We welcome your thoughts on how we can make it even better!


This command allows you to configure and manage multiple Access Points.
This function sets a static IP address on a specific AP.
At this time, if you configure a static IP on a single AP and have multiple APs listed, you must enter a static IP for all other APs, as the SiB™ cannot switch to a static IP and then back to DHCP at present.
This function shows the status of the connected AP.
The function shows the connection status, including SSID, IP address, mask, gateway and DNS IP address used.
This functions lists all of the Access Points configured on your SiB™.
They are listed in order of connection attempt.
This function performs a scan of available Access Points and outputs the result.
The output includes only the Access Point SSID and signal strength.
This function adds an Access Point configuration to the SiB™.
This function only adds and saves a configuration, it does not test nor connect to the newly connected Access Point.
The [priority] value can be any number from 0 to 127; 0 being most important and 127 being least important.
If [priority] is omitted, the AP will automatically receive a priority of 0 and will become the first AP on the list.
If a priority is given and an AP already exists with that priority, the new AP will take priority but will not overwrite the previous AP.
This function deletes an Access Point from the list of configured APs.
You cannot delete the currently used Access Point.
You can provide either a number or an SSID for deletion. The number provided is the index number given on the AP LIST command output.
This function disconnects from the current Access Point and connects to the specified AP. You can either enter an SSID or an index number here.
This function disconnects from the current Access Point and connects to the specified AP.  You can either enter an SSID or an index number here.
in order from most important to least important priority.
If this function fails, it will attempt to reconnect to any AP by going through the list in order of priority.
This function changes the priority of an Access Point.
The SiB™ can automatically connect to the best access point in signal strength; this is called 'automatic' mode.  This mode (TODO in future) will be on by default.  To enable this mode manually, enter AP PRIO AUTO.
To switch back to manual mode, enter AP PRIO MANUAL.
You can specify either an index number or an SSID.  The index numbers are provided by the function AP LIST.  If you enter an SSID and more than one Access Points are configured with the same SSID, the command will return an error.
If a priority is set that matches another AP, the specified AP will take priority over the existing AP, but will not overwrite the existing AP.
This function allows you to re-order the configured Access Points.
This function allows you to managed authorized users for your SiB™.
The authorized users will be able to issue commands to your SiB™ directly via IM.
This function adds an authorized user to your SiB™.
in international format, without any formatting symbols such as +, -, ( and ).
This function deletes an authorized user from accessing your SiB™.
The number entered must be the mobile number of a SiMP™ user.
This function lists the authorized users to your SiB™.
This function allows a long-running SiD or SiB program to monitor and take actions when a button press is detected. The first parameter is the letter S (for short click) or L (for long click). The second parameter is a function name. After this command is issued in a PROG, the SiB, until the next power cycle, will monitor the button for presses. When a button press is detected, the SiB will call the appropriate function.
This function allows a long-running SiD or SiB program to monitor and take actions when a button press is detected.  The first parameter is the letter S (for short click) or L (for long click).  The second parameter is a function name.  After this command is issued in a PROG, the SiB, until the next power cycle, will monitor the button for presses.  When a button press is detected, the SiB will call the appropriate function.
NOTE that if you are already running a function, that function will be interrupted for the button-press function and will NOT return.
If a short (s) function is setup but not a long (l) function, the short function will be called for presses of any length.
A short and long function can be added in the same running program by calling the BUTTON function twice.
The CALIB function provides calibration for time and temperature for your SiB™.
Calibration can be done on three functions: time, temperature, and voltage.
the offset or delay of the clock.  Some commands can be enhanced by adding a + symbol, as described in HELP.
These commands will use the CALIB result in their calculations of time.
To calibrate the temperature, issue CALB TEMP temperature - where 'temperature' is the current temperature in Celcius, without decimal values.
For example. CALIB TEMP 26 will calibrate the temperature sensor to 26 degrees.  Like CALIB TIME, this will put your SiB™ to sleep for some time as the calibration needs to measure the temperature after a cold-boot.
To calibrate the voltage read-out for the command RV, issue CALIB POWER gpio# referenceVoltageMV.
CONF is the primary function to apply configuration changes to the SiB™.
Issue CONF LIST to view all available settings and their current value.
safeties: Can be set to on or off.  Set to OFF to disable safeties that prevent accidental battery drainage.
This command enables or disables debug messaging.
When enabled, you will receive extra information via IM about operations on your SiB™.  Disabled by default.
This command pauses your SiB™ program for the amount of time specified.
s = seconds, m = minutes, h = hours.  For example, DL 1h will delay execute for one hour.
Your SiB™ continues to operate during that time and unless notifications are disabled, your SiB™ will accept and queue commands received by IM.
HELP CALIB for more information.
Sets the maximum drive capability of a given GPIO. The default value is 2.
Sets the maximum drive capability of a given GPIO.  The default value is 2.
This statement breaks a FOR loop.
Use this statement to exit a FOR loop before the loop reaches it's exit condition.
See FOR for more information.
This command enables Exclusive mode.
This command can only be used inside of a PROGRAM block.  It wwill have no effect otherwise.
Exclusive mode instructs the SiB™ to queue any notifications received, other than STOP, while a program is running.
When not in exclusive mode, the SiB™ will execute instructions received via IM while a program is running.
You can stop a running exclusive program by issuing the STOP command.
This command returns a GPIO to floating.
This command will return a given GPIO to floating.
This command allows you to create and manage functions.
Functions are blocks of code that can be called inside of a program.
To create a new function, enter FN followed by the function name, and, on new lines, the code for the function, in a single IM.
will create a new function called myFunction and that function will contain the code [code].
This command lists all currently configured functions.
This command outputs the program code stored for the given function.
This function deletes the specified function.
FN DEL * will delete all stored functions.
Neither of these commands provide a confirmation prompt prior to deletion; functions are immediately deleted and the operation cannot be undone.
Creates a loop with a counter and incrementer.
This function creates a FOR loop, allowing you to repeat a step multiple times or increment a variable.
The above program will loop and run the block with a value of 1000, then 900, then 800, up to and including 0.  The block will send a message with the current step value, then check the status of GPIO 35.  IF GPIO 35 is high, the loop is ended early with EN.  Otherwise, it continues until its end.
PLEASE NOTE that FOR cannot be used within a FN (function); only within a PROG (program).
This command foramts your SiB™. It effectively performs a factory reset.
This command foramts your SiB™.  It effectively performs a factory reset.
There is no confirmation prompt when this command is issued.  This command executes immediately and all content on your SiB™ is lost.
Your SiB™ will enter provision mode on the next power-on or reset.
This command pulses a square frequency on any given pin, for the specified duration.
The frequency parameter is given in HZ, and the duration is given in milliseconds.
The duration paremeter accepts the suffixes  s = seconds, m = minutes, h = hours.
This function reads the HALL sensor's value and stores it into a given variable.
This function will RELEASE all GPIO's set with HOLD prior to execution.
Shuts down a SID as though it had reached the end of a SiB™ (button-mode) program.
Sends a hidden "diagnostics" message back to SiMP™.
This function works exactly as the IM function, except it suppresses the notification audio.
IMs received in SiMP™ from this function will not be visible in any conversation, unless the user enables the "Include Diagnostics Messages" Filter.
This function holds a pin output to high or low even during deep sleep.
NOTICE: This command will briefly reset the state of the GPIO and render it floating.
This function only works on RTC pins.  An error will be returned if an invalid pin is given.
Specify 1 for HIGH, and 0 for LOW.
When deep sleep ends, the HOLD value is lost and the PIN will reset to its default state.
If you wish to carry a held value after a reset or deep sleep, issue HOLD+ instead of HOLD.
HOLD+ may only be used on RTC GPIOs.
Sets the frequency at which, in SID mode, the SiB™ will poll for updates, in milliseconds.
The default is 10 seconds (10000).  The minimum value is 200ms.  The maximum value is 10000 (10 seconds).
This function executes code conditionally, depending on a given variable's value.
and executes the code only if temp_var is greater than 30.
This function sends an IM to your SiMP™, in your SiB™'s main conversation.
This example will read the current temperature and output it in an IM.
This function sends an IM to the given number(s) - that is, being a SiMP™ user's mobile number, an API ID or a SiB™ ID.
This function initializes a variable to the given value if the variable does not already exists.
This function should always be used at the beginning of a program (after PREW for pre-wifi programs, which must be the first line).
If a variable with the given name already exists, it's value will not be modified.
This function allows you to toggle the SiB™'s default LED use on or off.
This function must be followed by a reset in SID mode.  When the LED is ON, the SiB™ will animate the LED to provide feedback.  When the LED is OFF, the SiB™ will not make use of it. However, you may still access it via WA.
This function should only be used in a PROG or FUNCTION block.
Outside of a program, this function resets the current running program back to the first line, even if the running program is paused.
This function, when execute, loops back to the beginning of a program.  It can be used to create long-running SID-mode programs.
Changes the SiB™ operation mode.
The SiB™ supports two operation modes: SiB™ and SID.
IN SiB™ mode, at startup, a button click sequence is detected and the appropriate program is selected and executed.
If no program exists, the SiB™ goes back to sleep.  If a program executes and the execution completes, the SiB™ goes back to sleep.
In SID mode, at startup, the button click sequence detection is skipped and the last running program resumes.
When a running program ends, the SID stays on and waits for it's next command.
This statement marks the end of a FOR loop.
This function disables the state saving of the SiB.
This function stops any future save operations on the SiB until the next power cycle (SL or HALT).  There are many reasons this function might be used.  The SiB saves it's state on each program line execution, and each variable change.  These operations can add hundreds of milliseconds to a running program, and may be undesirable in a program where the state is not needed (i.e., in a SiB program that resets on each power cycle).  Likewise, this reduces overall battery use.
Enables and disables polling for new commands.
This function enables or disables the polling for commands via IM.
This function should only be used in a program.  The state of NOTIFS is not preserved after a power reset.
garantees that the SiB™ will not perform any other task during the execution of the code while NOTIFS is OFF.
Pauses the execution of the current running program or function.
When Pause is issued, the SiB™ stays powered on and awaits further instruction. The current line of execution is stored so the program can be resumed.
Allows you to tweak power consumption of specific devices.
BT: Turns the BlueTooth radio on or off.
This will execute a command on the next SiB™ reset, while the WIFI is connecting.  It is useful to queue commands to run while the SiB™ is still cool.
This will execute a command on the next SiB™ reset, prior to WIFI starting. This is useful when accessing GPIO's on the ADC2.
This will execute a command on the next SiB™ reset, prior to WIFI starting.  This is useful when accessing GPIO's on the ADC2.
It is also useful to execute entire programs without starting the WiFi component, preserving battery.
PREW can be used to queue a single [command] at the next startup, or it can be used to instruct the SiB™ to skip WiFi at startup in a program.
To use PREW in a program, PREW MUST BE the first line of the program.
In a PREW program, the command POST can be used to start WiFi.
This program will measure the temperature but keep WiFi off and power use at a minimum until the temperature reaches below 0 Celcius.
At that point, the POST command initiates WiFi.
Instructs the SiB™ to connect to WiFi when used in a PREW program. See PREW for more details.
Instructs the SiB™ to connect to WiFi when used in a PREW program.  See PREW for more details.
This function allows you to create or manage programs.
To learn more, enter HELP PROG function.
S = a short click, and L = a long click.
When a program is created, if the SiB™ is not in 'STOPPED' or 'PAUSED' mode, the program executes immediately.
prompt and immediately deletes the specified program(s), with no option to undo. Use this function with care!
Outputs the program code for the named program, or, if no program is specified, for the current running program.
If the SiB™ is not in STOPPED or PAUSED mode, the program will execute immediately.
Reads an analog value from a given pin into the given variable.
This function is only available on some specific pins.  Entering a wrong pin will result in an error.
This function returns a value between 0 and 1024.  The value is stored in the given variable.
Reads a raw voltage value in MV from a given gpio into the given variable.
This function reads an uncalibrated (raw) voltage reading from an ADC-enabled RTC GPIO.
If a GPIO from ADC2 is requested, this function must be used in PREW only.  This function will return a maximum of approximately 3060, for 3V.
Reads a capactive touch GPIO into the given variable.
This function is only available on some specific pin.  Entering an invalid pin will result in an error.
This function returns a value between 0 and 3000 (TODO).  A floating GPIO will return anywhere above 1000.  A GPIO under capacitance will read a lower value.
Reads a digital value from a given pin into the given variable.
This function returns either 0 for low, and 1 for high current. The value is stored in the given variable.
Reads a digital value from a pin with a pull-up function.
This function reads a digital 0 or 1 from the specified pin into a variable.  If the pin is floating, a value of 1 (high) will be stored.
Reads a digital value from a pin with a pull-down function.
This function reads a digital 0 or 1 from the specified pin into a variable.  If the pin is floating, a value of 0 (low) will be stored.
This function allows you to reset the SiB™s name and / or conversation without reprovisionning it.
If ALL is specified, the SiB™ will reset and acquire a new name and control conversation, using the given name.
If CONVO is specified, the SiB™ will reset and create a new control conversation, using the given name.
This function resets the SiB™.
This function resumes a paused program.
If [name] is specified, loads and runs the named program. Otherwise, this will run the current program in-memory.
If a program is in-memory and is in PAUSED mode, the program will be reset before running.
Runs a program in exclusive mode.
finishes.  A STOP command can exit exclusive mode.
Defines a program to run at a specific time of day.
The time is given in HH:MM 24 hour format.
This function reads the voltage level of the power source attached to GPIO 35.
This function should only be called after executing CALIB POWER.
If a variable is given, the result in millivolts will be stored.  Otherwise, an IM will be sent.
Allows the execution of mathematical equations in running programs.
Creates a SiB™ range extender.
Using this command turns your SiB™ into a range extender.
This command does not persist after resets.  If you wish to have this state persist on reset, enter this command into a PROGRAM with a LOOP in SID mode.
Where SSID is an SSID you wish to assign to the SiB™ and the password is the password that other SiB™s will use to authenticate to your extension.
The SSID entered MUST begin with 'sibext'; this allows connecting SiB™ devices to identify and properly route requests.
Sleeps for the given amount of time.
If 'off' is supplied rather than a time, the SiB™ will go to sleep with NO MEANS of waking up.
If 'button' is supplied rather than a time, the SiB™ will go to sleep until a button press is detected.
When issuing this command, the SiB™ will go into a deep sleep state.  It will sleep for the specified amount of time.
The time parameter is in milliseconds, however the following suffixes are permitted: s = seconds, m = minutes, h = hours.
If a sleep time longer than one hour is specified, the SiB™ will wake up every hour and check for new notifications until the time runs out.
This allows the sleep cycle to be interrupted; i.e., to run another program, to stop or reconfigure the SiB™, etc.
The SL command can be enhanced using the + symbol, where the time to sleep will be calculated using the result for CALIB TIME.
The deep sleep can also be interrupted by a button press.
be loaded and the current running program will not resume.
By default (with no time specified), SLB will put the SiB™ to sleep until a button press is detected.
If a time is provided in milliseconds, the SiB™ will go to sleep and wake up after the given time OR when a button press is detected.
Sends an SMS to the specified mobile recipient.
The message entered can contain variable names; these will automatically be replaced by each variable's value.
Sends a silent message back to SiMP™.
This function works exactly as the IM function, except it surpresses the notification audio.
Sends a silent message to a SiMP™ user without sounding a notification.
'number' in this case must specify a SiMP™ API ID or a SiMP™ user's mobile number.  Multiple numbers can be provided.
This command works exactly as IMTO except it supresses the notification audio on a SiMP™ mobile device.
Enables or disables broadcast station mode.
This command can only be used in mode SID and the device only broadcasts the station mode while the device is running (i.e., not sleeping).
This command is required in order to use TRIGGER functions, functions that trigger based on the proximity of a SiMP™ user.
Echos back to SiMP™ the current status of the SiB™.
Specify EXTEND to receive more information.
Stops the running function, program or sleep.
This function will stop the execution of any program or function.  It also exits from exclusive mode, and clears any queued items that were received but not executed.
Toggles a SimpZone action on the configuring SiMP™ mobile.
Toggles a SimpZone action on a remote device that has authorized your SiB™.
SZ 12345678 volume 80%   sets the volume on the mobile device #12345678 to 80%.
This function should only be used after the temperature sensor has been calibrated.  See HELP CALIB for more information.
Without a variable, this command echos the current temperature in an IM back to SiMP™.
If a variable is specified, this command stores the current temperature in the named variable.
In STATION mode, triggers an action when a user approaches or leaves your SiB™ range.
ENTER x - where X is the signal strength in % of your SiB™ as seen by the approaching device.
EXIT x - where X is the signal strength in % of your SiB™ as seen by the exiting device.
BR on|off|reset|level - toggles brigthness on the remote device.
IM [message] - sends an IM to the entering device. Variables are not supported here.
IMTO number [message] - sends an IM to a specified device. Variables are not supported here.
SM [message] - sends a silent IM to the entering device. Variables are not supported here.
SMTO [messagse] - sends a silent IM to a specified device. Variables are not supported here.
Sets the maximum power used in WiFi transmissions.
Sets the timezone offset for AT commands.
The offset value can be any number of hours only.  At this time, the firmware does not support fractional time zones.
This function sleeps for the given number of microseconds.
The time parameter here is accepted only in microseconds.
Updates the SiB™ to the specified firmware version. If no version is specified, updates to the latest firmware.
Remains in deep sleep with short WiFi scans and wakes if a specific SSID is found.
This function will go to deep sleep and sleep for the specified time.  The SiB™ will then wake and scan for nearby Access Points.
If the specified SSID is seen, the SiB™ will wake and the program code will continue to execute.
If the specified SSID is not seen, the SiB™ will go back to sleep for the given time, and try again.
Waking the SiB™ via button press overrides the WAKE command.
Outputs a pulse wave to the specified pin.
The accepted range is from 0% to 100%.  This function can be used to toggle a LED brightness or buzzer tone.  For a more precise square wave, use the FREQ command.
Both the GPIO # and the value can be represented by variables.
Goes to sleep until a capacitive touch GPIO threshold is reached.
This command will put the SiB™ to sleep and monitor a capacitive touch GPIO.   A floating GPIO will read a value of 1000 or more; while a GPIO sensing some capacitance will read lower values.  This command will wake your SiB™ when a capacitive touch GPIO reads a value below the requested threshold.
Goes to sleep until a specific GPIO event is triggered.
This command will put the SiB™ to sleep until the specified GPIO reads the target level HIGH (1) or LOW (0).
When specifying a HIGH value, the sleep can also be interrupted by button press.  When specifying a LOW value, the sleep will not be interrupted by button press.
The timeout value is optional.  Specify a timeout (i.e., 20s, 10ms, 1h) to have the sleep end without the GPIO level being reached.
Outputs High (1) or Low (1) to the specified pin.


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Q: How can people teleport through forcefields in Star Trek? Occasionally, people have been able to teleport through a forcefield in Star Trek. Was there ever a consistent explanation for this?
I'd previously assumed a forcefield was like a solid wall. Or do they have gaps?

A: I think the "official" explaination is that Forcefields have a given cycle like the refresh rate on a monitor if the Transporter signal can be matched to this say 60Hz then if you are at 120Hz there will be gaps where you can beam through.
Determining this rate is sometimes plot dependant and sometimes there are gaps in the field where this can be done also - in Caretaker Season 1, Episode 1 of Voyager there was a visible gap shown which allowed the people there to get out - just about, plus people could then beam in the same way.

A: Well, if you are refering to defense screens (like the Deflector Shields on the various ships), it's a matter of frequency resonance.  Think of the transporter signal like any other data transmission method; run it through a random (or pseudo random) interference pattern, and it will become meaningless noise.  (Fortunately, there are inherent protections against sending in those conditions in modern transporters.. That's why you hear about getting a transporter 'lock' and such.)
BUT.. if you know the frequency that the interference will be at (assuming a basic pattern, after that), you can adjust your carrier wave to match it, and it, in effect, becomes non-existant.  Much like dealing with the 60 cycle hum from sending data along a power line IRL.
From Memory Alpha (Star Trek Wiki):

Shields operated within a range of shield frequencies to allow certain specific types of energy and matter to pass through, or to increase the effectiveness of blocking them. The frequencies of shields were not usually discernible without examining the controls on board the ship deploying them, meaning that it was very difficult to tune weapons to the exact frequency of an opponent's shields to bypass them. (DS9: "The Jem'Hadar"; Star Trek Generations)

If you recall, fighting the Borg, they kept talking about shifting the shield harmonic frequency randomly, and did the same with their weapons, to attack.
Now, why the frequency can't readily be identified from the outside, I've never heard a good explanation.. it could be that this is a simplified way to explain it, and the actual mechanic is that you START at that frequency and then follow a standard pattern of small modifications over a fixed period of time.  A statistical sample should still give you the base frequency.... but, who knows what other tricks they add.
Oh, btw.. It wasn't always like that:

Normally, transporters were not capable of penetrating shields. (TOS: "Arena") 23rd century Federation starships, such as the Constitution-class USS Enterprise, could not even transport through their own shields, but later starships such as the Intrepid-class and Sovereign-class vessels could transport personnel and objects freely to and from without having to lower their shields.

Also, Deflector Fields are just a specific (and better known) version of force fields, the same principles apply to true 'Force Fields' as well - Memory Alpha - Force Fields

A: Another thing to think about is the fact that there are two modes of teletransportation: the first one is from a single transporter to any place near around and the second one is between two transporter stations. (A third mode where the final destination is somewhere near the second station but not directly at this second station can be seen as a simple variation of the second mode with no effect on this discussion).
At first, these two modes look very similar but they are vastly different on a crucial point: for the second mode, the first transporter doesn't have to deal with doing the rematerialisaton process at a distant point and can therefore limit itself to the transfert of the information to the second station.  Clearly, this transfert of information between two stations can be done much more easily when you have to go through a force shield than the whole process of rematerialisation that must be done when you have a single station to work with; as this is something akin to a radio communication.
Usually, they never have any problem communicating with or from another ship even when their shields are up (with a few exceptions where there is a special field blocking all types of tele-communication) and from what I remember, all teleportations through a force field have all be done with the collaboration of a second station (but I might be wrong).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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And with good reason, too. The combination of Eddi Reader's gorgeous voice and Mark Nevin's songwriting, all stewed in an impeccable gumbo of country, jazz and swing, conspired to create a record that lives up to its name.
Topped off with a video that's as much fun to watch as it is to listen to, this is a song that'll never get old.