This event will highlight the many social entrepreneurship initiatives making an impact both within Temple University and in the Philadelphia region by providing opportunities for students to share their accomplishments in this space, pitch new innovative ideas for cash prizes, and network with faculty, staff, and professionals in the industry.
Have an innovative idea you're looking to make a reality? Pitch your idea for cash prizes!
Are you or have you participated in a social entrepreneurship-focused program through a class, student organization, internship, or volunteer activity? Showcase your program and educate others about it at our student poster session to be attended by students, faculty, staff, and community professionals.
Are you part of an organization (student or professional) with a social entrepreneurship-focused mission? Represent your program at the summit by participating in our taple expo where you'll have the opportunity to network, share your mission, and recruit new members.
This event will culminate in an panel discussion on the Evolving Landscape of Social Entrepreneurship. Join us for this session to hear industry experts discuss how social entrepreneurship is continually changing and growing, and how they successfully navigate the world of multi-bottom line organizations.


Join us today as we begin our study of this book by well-known author Beth Moore. Phyllis Miller will be leading our journey as we study the Psalms.
Join us this Sunday at 9:30 when John Schaerffer leads us in a new study titled "Crucible". God will use the choices we make to transform us into people after His own heart – and shape our lives forever.
We are still looking for a pianist to accompany the Choir for service. Interested parties, please call the front office or email Jerry Brock or Roseanne Verheyen.


text:
Uncertainty and Economics
A Paradigmatic Perspective, 1st Edition
By Christian Müller-Kademann
122 pages | 16 B/W Illus.
This book is set against the assumption that humans' unique feature is their infinite creativity, their ability to reflect on their deeds and to control their actions. These skills give rise to genuine uncertainty in society and hence in the economy. Here, the author sets out that uncertainty must take centre stage in all analyses of human decision making and therefore in economics.
Uncertainty and Economics carefully defines a taxonomy of uncertainty and argues that it is only uncertainty in its most radical form which matters to economics. It shows that uncertainty is a powerful concept that not only helps to resolve long-standing economic puzzles but also unveils serious contradictions within current, popular economic approaches. It argues that neoclassical, real business cycle, or new-Keynesian economics must be understood as only one way to circumvent the analytical challenges posed by uncertainty. Instead, embracing uncertainty offers a new analytical paradigm which, in this book, is applied to standard economic topics such as institutions, money, the Lucas critique, fiscal policy and asset pricing.
Through applying a concise uncertainty paradigm, the book sheds new light on human decision making at large. Offering policy conclusions and recommendations for further theoretical and applied research, it will be of great interest to postgraduate students, academics and policy makers.
"Essential reading for everyone who is willing to take "uncertainty" in economics seriously!", Prof. Dr. Joachim Güntzel, Baden-Württemberg Cooperative State University, Ravensburg, Germany
Acknowledgements.
1. What's uncertainty, after all?
2. Uncertainty in economics.
3. Uncertainty in the economy.
4. The empirics of uncertainty.
Christian Müller-Kademann is Privatdozent of Economics at Jacobs University in Bremen, Germany. He received his first degree from Hull University, UK before graduating from Humboldt University, Berlin with a diploma in economics, after which he began his PhD in economics and econometrics.
Routledge Frontiers of Political Economy
In recent years, there has been widespread criticism of mainstream economics. This has taken many forms, from methodological critiques of its excessive formalism, to concern about its failure to connect with many of the most pressing social issues. This series provides a forum for research which is developing alternative forms of economic analysis. Reclaiming the traditional 'political economy' title, it refrains from emphasising any single school of thought, but instead attempts to foster greater diversity within economics.
Economics, Finance, Business & Industry
Economic Theory & Philosophy
BUS000000
BUSINESS & ECONOMICS / General
BUSINESS & ECONOMICS / Economic History
BUSINESS & ECONOMICS / Economics / Macroeconomics
BUSINESS & ECONOMICS / Economics / General
BUSINESS & ECONOMICS / Economics / Theory

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Undesired FrameLayout Stretch to Wrap All Children's Heights (Instead of Respecting Just One Child's Height) Basically, I am using a popular tactic to center a background image for a LinearLayout by wrapping it in a FrameLayout and adding an ImageView that uses fill_parent before the LinearLayout. However, when I add a ScrollView in the game, everything changes.
The issues is that the image is quite large vertically and the ScrollView respects the height of both the ImageView and the LinearLayout due to the wrap_content height attribute. This causes an undesired blank space below the LinearLayout when the image is vertically larger than it.
How do I make the FrameLayout's height stretch only to the child LinearLayout's height? If possible, without mangling with its sizes programmatically on run-time/draw-time.
<ScrollView
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:fillViewport="true" >

    <FrameLayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

        <ImageView
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:scaleType="center"
            android:src="@drawable/cash_bg" />

        <LinearLayout
            android:id="@+id/main_ll"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:orientation="vertical" >

            <!-- My main views are here -->

        </LinearLayout>
    </FrameLayout>
</ScrollView>

A: I had the same problem and gone nuts searching for an answer. I think this is an Android bug. What I have done is to include the FrameLayout into a LinearLayout to be able to force "fill_parent" on FrameLayout's height, which increases the complexity, but solves the problem. Did not find any other (better) solution.
Try this:
<ScrollView
  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  android:layout_height="fill_parent"
  android:fillViewport="true" >
  <LinearLayout
   android:layout_width="fill_parent"
   android:layout_height="wrap_content">
    <FrameLayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent" >

        <ImageView
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:scaleType="center"
            android:src="@drawable/cash_bg" />

        <LinearLayout
            android:id="@+id/main_ll"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:orientation="vertical" >

            <!-- My main views are here -->

        </LinearLayout>
    </FrameLayout>
   </LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Tinder is an online dating app that matches couples based on their physical attraction to one another. But, these days Tinder is used as a platform for hook up. Girls on Tinder are looking for an intimate relation with ones who are nearby their location.
You would want to know all these girls right away!


Welcome to OSSP, the world of Unix Software Technologies!
OSSP is a fully non-profit Open Source Software project, founded by Ralf S. Engelschall in 1998. Thomas Lotterer joined in 2001. The goal is the implementation of high-quality Unix software components, ranging from networking, multi-threading and algorithmic libraries to networking servers and development tools.
OSSP itself actually can be considered a meta-project, consisting of numerous projects. Each project is a solution to a particular problem and usually released separately. At a later stage, all sub-projects together could form something like a Next Generation Internet Server Platform.
To implement such a lot of high-quality Unix software components requires a great amount of time and man-power. So OSSP puts really a lot of private work on its idealistic developers, but nevertheless makes all of its results freely available to the interested public. Without sponsoring through donations from many individuals and companies all this would be not possible, of course.


Based on AT & T, the 5GE label, which started showing within the prime nook of subscribers' telephones this yr, clearly means "An evolutionary step in direction of the 5G standardized" and never 5G itself, which ought to ultimately improve the pace of 10 to 100 occasions that presently obtainable. However Dash maintains that the confusion round this level is already costing him some huge cash in his try and construct a reliable 5G community.
The lawsuit, reported for the primary time by Engadget, marks the sharpest salvation of the trade sector The controversial transfer of AT & T, which rival carriers have beforehand attacked by means of extremely written letters, adverts of a complete web page within the newspapers and mocking tweets.
"Dash's legal professionals write within the lawsuit." [AT&T] sought an unfair benefit within the 5G race right here ] by launching a nationwide promoting marketing campaign to deceive shoppers into pondering that its  The prevailing 4G LTE Superior community is now a 5G community. "
AT & T stated in a press release that its prospects "favored" the brand new 5GE designation as a sign of quicker LTE speeds and perceive the excellence between the latter and the present 5G.
"We perceive why our opponents don't recognize what we do, however our prospects like it," stated an AT & T spokeswoman. "We'll combat towards this trial whereas persevering with to deploy the 5G Evolution in additional s of the usual cell 5G.Clients need and need to know when they are going to get higher speeds. Dash should reconcile its arguments with the FCC that it couldn't deploy an intensive 5G community with out T-Cell, whereas concurrently claiming to launch "a reliable 5G know-how."
Dash contradicted AT & T's assertion with a commissioned investigation for the needs of its lawsuit, which revealed that 54% of shoppers assume that 5GE is the same as or better than 5G and that 43% anticipate that an AT & T cellphone will likely be 5G suitable, even when these gadgets haven't but hit the market.
Dash's legal professionals allegedly contacted AT & T and requested him to droop advertising and marketing to 5GE earlier than continuing, however the provider refused, in keeping with the Washington Publish.
Spokespersons of Verizon and T-Cell each made reference to earlier statements criticizing 5GE when requested if they'd comply with Dash's instance as a part of of a lawsuit.


Enfield Rifle Sling with buckle made of 6-7oz. leather, 48" long x 1-1/4" wide. Sides are grooved. There is one tension keeper and leather thong to tie off strap. Flat brass buckle is loose (not hard sewn) and reversed in order to keep tension on the sling, kept in place with the tension keeper. Hand stitched. Available in black or russet.
Picture available in "Sling Arms!" (1995), Geof Walden.
Keith Miller, Curator Weapons National Army Museum, London England. This was not a government issued sling and was most likely a private contract model sling that seems to have come around shortly after the Crimean War.
Weapons were purchased directly from manufacturers, who were free to attach whatever surplus or available slings they had on hand or make up their own. Steve Osman, Chief Historian at Fort Snelling and Fellow of the Company of Military Historians.


Please help our community — upload your photos of 03718219.
This is a ring, universal joint yoke turn bearing snap, for Chevrolet Trucks, and GMC Trucks automobiles. It fits for 51 General Motors vehicles which were sold in the U.S.. It's a genuine General Motors part with an OEM part number 03718219.


text:
package io.swagger.trade.server.jersey.api.factories;

import io.swagger.trade.server.jersey.api.DataValuesApiService;
import io.swagger.trade.server.jersey.api.impl.DataValuesApiServiceImpl;

public class DataValuesApiServiceFactory {
    private final static DataValuesApiService service = new DataValuesApiServiceImpl();

    public static DataValuesApiService getDataValuesApi() {
        return service;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
A theological system named after Jacobus Arminius (Jakob Hermandszoon), a Dutch theologian (1560-1609) who was educated at Leyden, Basle, and Geneva. After studying under Beza he went to Amsterdam to serve as minister of the Reformed congregation (1588). Holland had become a center of Calvinism during the sixteenth century, but during his fifteen years as pastor Arminius came to question some of the teachings of Calvinism. Disputes arose, and he left the pastorate and became professor of theology at the University of Leyden. Here he gave a series of lectures on the doctrine of predestination* which led to a violent controversy with his colleague, Francis Gomar.* This conflict continued until it divided the student body as well as the ministers of the Reformed Church. The Gomarists or Strict Calvinists wished to have the matter settled by a national synod, but Jan van Oldenbarneveldt, a liberal Dutch politician then in control of the government, did not wish such a meeting. The protagonists even debated their ideas before the States General of the Dutch Provinces, but still no agreement could be reached.
After the death of Arminius, his followers issued the Remonstrance of 1610 which outlines the system known as Arminianism. The major points of departure from strict Calvinism are that (1) the decree of salvation applies to all who believe on Christ and who persevere in obedience and faith; (2) Christ died for all men; (3) the Holy Spirit must help men to do things that are truly good (such as having faith in Christ for salvation); (4) God's saving grace is not irresistible; (5) it is possible for those who are Christians to fall from grace.
In an attempt to stop this teaching, the Calvinist party made an alliance with Maurice of Nassau, son of William the Silent. Their desires for a synod coincided with Maurice's policy of centralizing the United Provinces and transforming them into a monarchy. For eight years after the Remonstrance, the political forces of Oldenbarneveldt and Maurice struggled for supremacy. Finally Maurice won and his opponent was accused of treason and beheaded (1619). This cleared the way for Maurice to try to use religious ideology to centralize the state. Consequently the Synod of Dort,* one of the most famous meetings in the history of the Reformed Church, met (1618-19). The synod passed a point-by- point refutation of the Remonstrance. The Belgic Confession* and the Heidelberg Catechism* were confirmed as standards of orthodoxy, and the Arminians were condemned.
Following the synod, many of the disciples of Arminius, among them such able men as Hugo Grotius,* were imprisoned or banished. By 1625 there was a reaction against this severity, and a limited toleration was extended to the Arminian Remonstrants. Although the Arminians were not numerous in Holland, their teaching has exercised considerable influence in other lands. In seventeenth- century England, the Laudian anti-Calvinist movement was influenced by the Arminians. John Wesley also followed this belief, and so it has left its mark on the Methodist Church. Among groups with a Calvinist heritage the debate over the points that Arminius raised still continues.
A.W. Harrison, The Beginnings of Arminianism to the Synod of Dort (1926); idem, Arminianism (1937); C. Bangs, Arminius, A Study in the Dutch Reformation (1971).


Price includes a two-color almost linen napkin with custom artwork.
2 Sided Printing or Multiple Panel Printing : We are able to print on both sides of the napkins and on multiple panels. To learn more about the costs to have this done please contact us.
Packaging: For information on how this item will be packaged and the weight of the package please contact us as this information can frequently change. If you have special packaging requirements please contact us for packaging options and pricing.
Larger Quantity: To order 10,000 or more napkins, please contact us for special pricing.
**The custom logo linen-like napkins that we show online have a coined/pleated edge (the same as our 3 ply napkins). If you are looking for linen like napkins without this coined edge please contact us. for other options.


text:
package com.github.wovnio.wovnjava;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.Map;

final class FormUrlEncoding {
    public static String encode(Map<String, String> params) throws UnsupportedOperationException {
        return params.entrySet().stream()
            .map(p -> encodeValue(p.getKey()) + "=" + encodeValue(p.getValue()))
            .reduce((p1, p2) -> p1 + "&" + p2)
            .orElse("");
    }

    public static String encodeValue(String value) {
        try {
            return URLEncoder.encode(value, "UTF-8");
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException(e);
        }
    }
}


MELBOURNE, Florida – Baer Air at Melbourne International Airport (KMLB) has changed its name to Apex Executive Jet Center (AEJC) as it expands and upgrades its facilities and services.
Established in 2003 as Baer Air, the company started its operations as an FAA certified charter company, providing limited scheduled service to Florida and Bahamian destinations with piston aircraft. Since then, the company has grown to provide both turboprop and jet aircraft for its charter division, full FBO services, and aircraft management and maintenance.
The FBO plans for major expansions. A new 60,000-square-foot ramp will be able to accommodate aircraft up to a Boeing Business Jet. A new 28,000-square-foot building will include the FBO terminal, corporate offices for lease, and hangar space.
Thank you for providing such a great group of subjects daily. Very informative and interesting.


We arrived at Dive St. Lucia at 8:15 a.m. and picked out and prepared the gear we would use for the course. At 9:00 a.m. the dive boat shoved off and headed south towards the Pitons. It took us about an hour to get down to Marigot Bay where we picked up more divers.
Wendy then went over the dive plan for our first dive and we geared up. The first dive site was called "Superman's Flight," because of the strong current, and was located below the St. Lucia's famed Gros Piton.
After lunch we traveled north to the next dive site "Fantasia." On that dive we had to complete our mandatory Underwater Navigation skills. Wendy gave us compasses and briefed us on the drills we would be required to do under the water. After gearing up we took a giant stride into the water and descended. The first drill was measuring how many kick cycles it took Mom and I to go 100 feet (horizontally). Next we had to go 30 kick cycles on one compass heading then return to the same spot on the reciprocal heading. Once we both completed that we had to go 30 kick cycles in a different direction and use natural navigation to get back. Wendy told us not to use fish, crabs, etc. (or anything else that moves) as markers to help us navigate back.
After completing all of the "hard work" we enjoyed diving the reef in Fantasia. Like most Caribbean dives, the dive was colorful and full of sea life.
We picked up more divers and snorkelers in Marigot Bay, again, then continued heading South until we got to Turtle Reef. Our first dive was our fun dive so we did not have any skills to perform. We descended 60 feet and then started out over the reef. Strangely enough, that was the second time I went to Turtle Reef and did not see any turtles.
I did see moray eels, fish and a lot of colorful coral. I just did not see a turtle. For now, I will just have to take it at the word of the person who named the reef that there are turtles there. Wendy pointed out all of the cool creatures we might have missed otherwise. Along a wall on the dive in a little crack I saw a huge lion fish, which was the biggest one any of us had ever seen. We also saw large crabs and even a octopus.
Like day one, the boat picked us up and we had a great lunch. We then traveled North to our second dive site "Anse Cochon South." Our fourth dive was our Peak Performance Buoyancy or "PPB." Some of our cruising friends said that PPB was the most beneficial of all the adventure dives because it teaches you how to best maintain neutral buoyancy. After completing the dive, I agree.
After lunch, the boat dropped us off at Anse Cochon South. The skill we practiced on our second dive of the day was underwater photography and videography. There was lots of cool sea life to take pictures of along the reef. While taking pictures on top of the reef, sometimes moray eels would go right underneath us. We used the neutral buoyancy skills that we learned in PPB to get up close and steady to our "subjects." Photography was definitely one of my favorites (out of five the dives) because it memorialized and allowed us to share our dive experiences. After 45 minutes, and a 3 minute safety stop at 15 feet, we ascended as newly PADI advanced certified divers! The boat picked us up and we traveled back to the dive shop.
Out of all the PADI specialty courses I would recommend the PPB as the most beneficial and Wreck/Photography as the most fun. I think the Advanced Open Water Diver certification course helped us a lot as divers and certainly expanded our horizons in the world of PADI.
This entry was posted in St. Lucia and tagged Advanced Open Water Dive, Anse Cochon North, Capt. Dwight, Deep Dive, Dive St. Lucia, PADI, PADI Advanced Open Water Dive, Peak Performance Buoyancy, Pilots Discretion, Pitons, Ryan, Scuba, St. Lucia, Superman Dive, Theresa, Turtle Reef, Underwater Navigation, Underwater Photography, Wendy, Wreck Dive on February 3, 2018 by Ryan.
An excellent very informative article with great photos and videos. Thanks for sharing. And Happy Birthday!
Congratulations on receiving your certification. The story and pictures are amazing.
Congratulations to Ryan and Theresa for achieving the Advanced Open Water Scuba Certification. Upon reading your description, Ryan, I came to realize that what you have achieved is quite an accomplishment!
By the way, your written description is excellent! Your attention to detail, use of vocabulary and transitions from one dive to the next made the events come alive for me. Loved the photos and video as well. Your mom tells me that you used three different cameras to accomplish this.
Bravo on a job well done! Thank you for sharing this.
Excellent description of the process you went through to receive your Advanced Open Water Scuba Certification! Congratulations on receiving your reward. The photos and video are outstanding. Bravo to a job well done.


text:
Primed for Success
As the largest preparer of teachers in Illinois, the College of Education gives future educators a clear path to graduation. Most undergraduate students earn their degrees in four years or less
The College of Education ranks in the top 5 percent in the U.S. for quality and value, according to College Factual.
More than 1 in 7 of Illinois' public school teachers graduated from Illinois State.
Departments and Programs Pride
Illinois State University is the largest preparer of teachers at the bachelor's or initial level in Illinois.
The Center for the Study of Education Policy, housed in the Department of Educational Administration and Foundations, publishes three nationally known education policy research journals: Grapevine, Planning and Changing, and the Illinois State Education Law and Policy Journal. In the last five years, the center garnered $6.3 million in externally funded grants and contracts.
More than 1 in 4 first-year public school teachers hired in Illinois graduated from Illinois State.
The Department of Special Education is a Top 5 producer of licensed deaf and hard of hearing teachers in the country.
Illinois State offers one of the few undergraduate Low Vision and Blindness (LVB) programs in the United States—a program that boasts a 100% job placement rate.
The College of Education is among the top 10 largest preparer of special education teachers at the bachelor's or initial level in the United States.
The Washington Post ranked University High School 58th in Illinois in 2015, and Niche.com ranked the school 25th in the state and 315th in the nation in 2016. The Washington Post score marked the fifth consecutive year U-High has been identified by the publication as a top institution.
The Chicago Teacher Education Pipeline (CTEP) has established rich partnerships with several vibrant Chicago communities including Little Village, Auburn Gresham, Albany Park, Pilsen, and East Garfield Park. There are more than 623 CTEP alumni, and approximately 80 percent are serving high-needs schools in Chicago Public Schools and other districts across the state. Through collaborative efforts between Illinois State faculty and CTEP personnel, more than 9,000 education majors have completed course work redesigned with an urban focus.
The Department of Educational Administration and Foundations prepares superintendents, principals, university administrators, and other educational leaders.
Ninety-nine percent of College of Education student teachers passed the edTPA assessment, compared with 88 percent nationally during the 2015-2016 academic year.
The Center for the Advancement and Support of Educational Initiatives, housed in the Department of Special Education, garnered $2.3 million in external funding during fiscal year 2014.
University High School and Thomas Metcalf School, the College of Education's laboratory schools, enroll around 1,000 students (pre-kindergarten through 12th grade) and serve as learning laboratories for education majors. More than 40 percent of faculty teaching at the laboratory schools have earned, or are in the process of earning, National Board Certification.
Thomas Metcalf School became a "Google School" in 2013. Google Apps for Education's cloud-based environment allows students to seamlessly access the same learning tools, projects, and classrooms apps on any device, in or outside of school.
More Illinois State graduates have earned National Board certification, the gold standard for accomplished teaching, than alumni from any other university in the Midwest, among reporting teachers.
The second largest amount of financial support was provided to education majors during the 2015–2016 school year. The College of Education awarded scholarships to 168 students totaling $414,600. The Golden Apple Foundation awarded approximately 100 additional scholarships to Redbirds who are Golden Apple Scholar.
The Department of Special Education is one of the largest special education teacher preparation programs in the country. It has strong partnerships with school districts across the state, providing a wide range of clinical placements and collaborative opportunities.
Illinois State's special education program was ranked 12 out of 185 nationwide by College Factual. In addition, the University is the eighth largest preparer of special education majors in the U.S.
The bilingual/bicultural elementary education program boasts a 100 percent employment rate for new graduates.
The Bilingual Education minor includes coursework and clinical experiences that lead to a bilingual endorsement on an Illinois Professional Educators License.
The School of Teaching and Learning is one of the largest preparers of elementary education teachers in the nation. More than 60 percent of students complete the yearlong, classroom-based Professional Development School (PDS) mentored internship program, offered in locations around the state.
ISU's middle level teacher education program is nationally recognized by the Association for Middle Level Education.
School of Teaching and Learning
Early Childhood Education, B.S., B.S.Ed. - National Association for the Education of Young Children; Illinois State Board of Education, State Educator Preparation and Licensure Board
Elementary Education, B.S., B.S.Ed. - Illinois State Board of Education, State Educator Preparation and Licensure Board
Middle Level Teacher Education, B.S., B.S.Ed. - Association for Middle Level Education; Illinois State Board of Education, State Educator Preparation and Licensure Board
Reading, M.S.Ed. - Illinois State Board of Education, State Educator Preparation and Licensure Board
Department of Educational Administration and Foundations
Educational Administration, Chief School Business Official, Post-Master's Graduate Certificate - Illinois State Board of Education, State Educator Preparation and Licensure Board
Educational Administration, Ed.D., Ph.D., P12 concentration - Educational Leadership Constituent Council
Educational Administration, M.S., M.S.Ed. - Educational Leadership Constituent Council; Illinois State Board of Education, State Educator Preparation and Licensure Board
Educational Administration, Superintendent Endorsement, Post-Master's Graduate Certificate - Educational Leadership Constituent Council; Illinois State Board of Education, State Educator Preparation and Licensure Board
Teacher Education Unit
National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE). NCATE became the Council for the Accreditation of Education Preparation (CAEP) on July 1, 2014. The next accreditation review of the Teacher Education Unit at Illinois State University, in 2018-2019, will be conducted by CAEP.
Department of Special Education
Special Education, B.S, B.S.Ed. - Council for Exceptional Children
Special Education, B.S., B.S.Ed., Specialist in Deaf and Hard of Hearing sequence - Illinois State Board of Education, State Educator Preparation and Licensure Board
Special Education, B.S., B.S.Ed., Specialist in Learning and Behavior sequence - Illinois State Board of Education, State Educator Preparation and Licensure Board
Special Education, B.S., B.S.Ed., Specialist in Low Vision and Blindness sequence - Illinois State Board of Education, State Educator Preparation and Licensure Board
Special Education, Director of, Post-Master's Graduate Certificate - Council for Exceptional Children; Illinois State Board of Education, State Educator Preparation and Licensure Board
Special Education, M.S., M.S.Ed. - Council for Exceptional Children
Learning Behavior Specialist 2 Advanced Certificate, Behavior Intervention Specialist - Illinois State Board of Education, State Educator Preparation and Licensure Board
Learning Behavior Specialist 2 Curriculum Adaptation Specialist - Illinois State Board of Education, State Educator Preparation and Licensure Board
Learning Behavior Specialist 2 Advanced Certificate, Multiple Disabilities Specialist - Illinois State Board of Education, State Educator Preparation and Licensure Board
Learning Behavior Specialist 2 Advanced Certificate, Technology Specialist - Illinois State Board of Education, State Educator Preparation and Licensure Board
Learning Behavior Specialist 2 Advanced Certificate, Transition Specialist concentration - Council for Exceptional Children; Illinois State Board of Education, State Educator Preparation and Licensure Board
2022-12-01T13:26:54.068784-08:00 2022


text:
monograph publications books links recommended
us contact privacy policy mailing list team ng associates team members previous team members team members collaborators	international consultants collaborators
latest news awards judging panels lectures
all projects masterplanning high-rise . mixed-use commercial . institutional hotel . leisure residential interiors graphics product design events
about . team . ng
Nabil Gholam
Nabil Gholam studied Architecture at the UP-Paris Villemin, ex-Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris before moving to New York six years later to complete his studies in Urban Planning at Columbia University in the City of New York.
Moving from Manhattan to Barcelona, via southern China, where he briefly taught urban planning at the Yunnan Institute of Technology through the Kinney Fellowship, Nabil Gholam first began to practice architecture professionally at Ricardo Bofill's Taller de Arquitectura, where as an Associate, he rose to handle the practice's international projects.
In 1994, he set up his own office in Beirut. Later, in parallel with the firm's growing reach, a European office was established to better direct its international ventures, first in Barcelona in 2006 before relocating to Seville in 2010.
Used to living in flux, Gholam has led a nomadic existence since the outbreak of civil war in Lebanon in 1975, his work and travels taking him on a circuit between Beirut and Paris, New York, Chicago, Yunnan, Barcelona, Istanbul and Seville and this constant criss-crossing of the globe has had a profound impact on his work.
Today, nabil gholam architects has grown into an international multidisciplinary team of architects, planners, designers and consultants with a portfolio spanning an extensive list of projects in architecture and urbanism. ngª has attracted attention, winning several competitions and major international awards.
copyright nabil gholam architects © nga
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text:
All posts tagged "the who"
Crazy Keith Moon stories with rhino tranquilizer, heights and Oliver Reed
By Rafael Polcaro06/02/2021
Keith Moon is considered one of the best drummers of all time that unfortunately died too...
Pete Townshend rates Jimi Hendrix and says he didn't like Cream
The Who guitarist Pete Townshend explained in an interview with Guitar.com the reason why he didn't...
Pete Townshend says The Beatles copied The Who on Sgt. Peppers
The Who guitarist Pete Townshend said in an interview with Rolling Stone magazine that The Beatles...
Alice Cooper says Keith Moon is the best drummer of all time
Alice Cooper said in an interview with The Mistress Carrie Podcast that the late The Who...


If you're in the Chatham area and looking for quality service to help you find the perfect new flooring for your Chatham home, come in to your local Carpet One. Chatham-area Carpet One stores can be counted on to supply your Massachusetts home with top-of-the-line flooring options, flooring installation, and warranty protection that are the best in the industry. We have everything from quality ceramic tile to laminate flooring and everything in between.
Carpet One redefines what it means to shop for flooring in the Chatham area. At your Carpet One near Chatham, we proudly provide you with flooring for all lifestyles and all budgets. Rely on the expertise of our sales professionals to guide you through the flooring selection process with the added help of Carpet One's SelectAFloor™ system, which leads you to find your perfect floor at a perfect price. Whether you want the classic look of ceramic tile in your home or a laminate flooring that will stay beautiful while standing up to lots of foot traffic, your local Chatham-area Carpet One delivers with great flooring at a great price for everyone. In addition, there are a variety of SelectAFloor ™ warranties from which you can choose to ensure that your floors perform well long after installation.
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Wine walk proposed for Waynesville with 'Sipping on the Square' event
By: Darrell Todd Maurina
Posted: Thursday, July 9, 2009 10:17 pm
WAYNESVILLE, Mo. (July 9, 2009) — Visitors to downtown Waynesville could have a new attraction next year: one designated day in which businesses around the square would serve wine to patrons as part of a city-sponsored event.
Tentatively titled "Sipping on the Square," the proposed event would be modeled after a recent downtown wine tasting event held in the city of Cuba on its main street in partnership with St. James Winery. Councilwoman Luge Hardman, who chairs the Waynesville Economic Development Committee, said local businesswoman Virgie Mahan attended the Cuba event and plans to propose it to the Waynesville committee next month.
Hardman asked members of the committee at their Tuesday evening meeting if they liked the idea.
"The only problem, of course, is serving wine," Hardman said. "We have unique people and unique businesses around the square and I didn't know how the community would react to it, or how even the committee would react to this. I thought I'd bring the idea out this month and let Virgie come next month and talk to us and see what she had in mind."
"What do you all think about the wine? Do you see any issues with that?" Hardman asked.
One of those downtown businessmen, local attorney David Lowe, questioned whether the Waynesville-St. Robert area has a younger age group than Cuba, due to the presence of the military at Fort Leonard Wood, that might be less inclined to attend a wine tasting event.
"If you're serving a drink, why wouldn't you serve food? Depending on the audience you're focusing on, you broaden your draw," Lowe said. "You're talking older than 21 with that, and what kind of crowd are you going to get? Most of your military families have kids because it is a younger generation ... If you're trying to draw them off the fort and get them down there or out of their homes and show them what's going on in downtown Waynesville, you have to look at that."
"So the wine doesn't necessarily bother you?" Hardman asked.
"Well, it depends on how," Lowe said. "What is the role of the businesspeople? The ideal situation on a main street where you have primarily retail and restaurants and such, they're naturally going to want to be there. It's different for a service business like ours. What do we have other than we can help, as we've done in the past with the downtown thing every winter? We can support by being there or giving land to use."
Hardman said it might be possible to invite a cheesemaking company from Lebanon to attend as well to sell their products, and Lowe agreed that would help.
"I know they (St. James Winery) wouldn't care; why would they care if you have a bigger event to draw more people?" Lowe said.
Councilman Butch O'Riley said he'd like to see the event, but agreed with Lowe that the event needs more than wine to be successful in Waynesville.
"Anything you can do to bring people downtown is a good idea. I just think you're going to have to have more than people walking around and sipping on wine. There's got to be some other draw to bring people," O'Riley said.
O'Riley said there are other important differences between downtown Cuba and downtown Waynesville.
"In Cuba, there are a lot of places to get a little sandwich and stuff; places for people to eat," O'Riley said. "I'm thinking it's fine to have places for tasting wine here and there, but I guarantee there were places for them to go eat a sandwich."
Lowe said a wine-based event in Waynesville won't work well unless another food option is provided.
"That's the problem we've got with us. There's virtually no restaurants, only two, and there's very limited retail," Lowe said. "There needs to be more than just the wine sipping to draw them there."
Councilwoman Twyla Cordry suggested combining the "Sipping on the Square" with Frogfest or another spring event when food vendors are downtown. Hardman said that's possible, but noted that the Frogfest organizers have decided to move Frogfest later into May because rains have caused serious problems for the event in recent years.
Responding to questions from Pulaski County Courthouse Museum Curator Marge Scott about using the museum to sell wine, Hardman agreed that the county commission would probably need to be involved.
If the event is held, Hardman said it would require passage of a special city ordinance to allow liquor sales by businesses that don't ordinarily sell alcohol. That was done in Cuba, Hardman said, and their ordinance could be copied and used by Waynesville.


Cosc, the National Office for the Prevention of Domestic, Sexual and Gender-based Violence, which is based in the Department of Justice and Equality, is in the process of undertaking a mid-term review of the Second National Strategy on Domestic, Sexual and Gender-based Violence 2016-2021. As part of that review, it has produced questionnaires for members of the public to share their views. Please click on the link to the questionnaire and download it to your computer. When you have completed the questionnaire please email it to snsreview@justice.ie, closing date 28th of February.


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Babel – releases Friday
Babel, directed by Alejandro González Iñárritu(for which he won the Best Director award at Cannes) and written by Guillermo Arriaga, has gotten press for the controversies surrounding the director and the screenwriter. But the focus should be on the film itself. The movie that completes the trilogy started by Amores Perros and 21 Grams, Babel intercuts between four interconnected stories, often jumping time periods.
It is riveting. And bloody stressful. Once it sets the tone that nothing is going to go well, I sat the edge of my seat knowing bad shit was going to happen at every turn.
Warning – some spoilers ahead
At the core, Babel is a story about communication and the challenges we face due to different languages, different perspectives, in-built biases and different expectations. Richard (Brad Pitt) and Susan (Cate Blanchett) are on a vacation in Morocco. At the same time, two young goatherds are given a rifle by their father to keep the jackals away. Hmm, let�s see — two young boys have a gun. They have to test the gun. The tourists are in a bus. The bus passes by under the hill the boys are on. Of course, bad shit happens.
An injured Susan is taken to the closest town with a doctor (a veterinarian) as they wait for the US embassy to extricate them. At the same time, the boys are forced to deal with the consequences of their actions (read – bad stuff is going to happen).
In parallel we see the story of a Mexican nanny, Amelia (Adriana Barraza), who takes wonderful care of Mike (Nathan Gamble) and Debbie (Elle Fanning, who has the same gamin vulnerability as her sister Dakota). Amelia is desperate to go to her son's wedding, but the parents of the kids are held up as the mother has to undergo surgery. So Amelia, after exhausting all other options, decides to take the kids with her to Mexico for the wedding. Bad, bad move, as we all know.
Goddamn it. I didn't enjoy the wedding at all since I was waiting for the inevitable bad shit to happen. Fortunately for me, the wedding passed off fine, but then of course, bad shit does happen. The kids and Amelia are stuck wandering the desert. When Amelia is finally picked up, the immigration officers refuse to believe her story, refuse believe there are kids somewhere out there and they arrest her.
Also in parallel, we see the story of Chieko (Rinko Kikuchi), a deaf-mute Japanese schoolgirl, who lives with her father. Chieko is an emotional wreck after the death of her mother and she struggles with the fact that most normal guys will not make any effort once they discover her communication challenges. She is desperate for attention, for love, for validation. The need to feel worthy gets expressed sexually as she flashes boys at a restaurant and tries to french kiss her dentist in a desperate attempt to feel wanted.
As Chieko returns home, two police detectives are waiting for her. They want to talk to her father about a hunting rifle he may have gifted to his guide in Morocco. Much later that evening, after yet another rejection, Chieko calls one of the police officers. When he visits, she strips down and begs him to make love to her. Her eventual breakdown is quite heart wrenching.
There were three scenes that stayed with me
Richard and Susan have a difficult relationship. We don't know why (at this point), but they are not very nice to each other. But once she gets shot, all that changes. There is a scene where Susan is in a hut in the village and she talks about dying. Then she talks about how she peed because she couldn't hold it and that she has to pee again. Richard gets a pan, sits her up and holds the pan under her while she urinates. The intimacy of the moment, the history needed between a husband and wife to do that and emotion of what's happened breaks down all walls and they kiss. The willingness to help another human being with one of the most private things, and the willingness to be helped, with no shame, with no disgust, with no apology happens so rarely and is perhaps one of the strongest bonding moments between a couple. It was mind-blowingly believable.
Amelia's relationship with the children is beautifully constructed. You can see the love they have for each other. When Amelia is arrested, she asks about the kids and officer brusquely tells her they are not her kids. In tears, she talks about how she fed them and looked after them since they were kids the officer brusquely cuts her off and threatens to deport her. Barraza did a brilliant job. I felt most sorry for her situation.
In the final scene of the movie, Chieke is standing at the balcony, completely naked. When her father comes home, he discovers her there. He walks up to her and neither of them says anything as he hugs her and she weeps. The camera keeps drawing back from their embrace – flies backwards into Tokyo, keeping the building and Chieke and her father at the center.
The cinematography by Rodrigo Prieto was excellent. Different styles were employed for each story. Morocco was desolate, vast expanses, lots of wide angles. In the Mexico story, you could fee the heat and dust and in Tokyo, the techno-city comes to life. And the music was brilliant. Gustavo Santaolalla is to be highly commended for the guitar track that underlay the film. Exceptional.
Did I enjoy it? I guess I did. I was so damned stressed that I didn't feel happy at any moment during the film. But I was glued to my seat, glued to the movie, praying that bad shit doesn't happen, at least to the kiddies. Did I get my wish? You'll have to watch the movie!
Note: This review is pre-release. I saw the film tonight (Wednesday) and it releases in the US on Friday. There was a discussion with Jon Kilik, one of the producers, before the screening. Read about it here.


HKA believes that in order to prepare students for a 21st Century environment, we need to spend time on the core skill of typing. It is recommended that students practice their typing skills for 5 to 10 minutes 4 to 5 times a week. Little and often is much better than once a week.
Scroll towards the bottom to find games suitable for Kindergarteners to Grade 2.
HKA has purchased home licenses for Typing Club that our students in grades 3-5 can use at home to support their typing.
It is recommended that students practice at least two to three times a week for 10 minutes each time. The data from our tests show that students who do practice regularly will improve a minimum of 8 words per minute every 4 to 6 months. Over grades 3, 4 and 5 this can significantly increase their typing level to that of the average adult typer (40wpm).


A few months back we ran a competition in our Member's Area offering those who have joined team road.cc the chance to ride revolve24, a 24hr endurance relay event around Brands Hatch. revolve24 takes over the historic Kent circuit to a deliver a race with a difference, more about pedal power than horsepower.
So to fully embrace the 'living like a pro' weekend we needed to become sponsored riders so Aldi have stepped in to kit the team out with a full range of their latest cycle clothing for the weekend. With Aldi focusing on the Team GB athletes at the Olympics via their social media we're in good company – we can't promise any golds though.
road.cc rode revolve24 last year, the inaugural event and had a brilliant time with two staffers and four readers meeting for the first time in a concrete pit garage about three hours before the start. The laid back approach soon became a competitive one as we realised we were in with a shout of the podium in our six-person category.
After 24hrs we had ridden 192 laps which meant 467.1 miles covered putting us on the theoretical third step and 11th overall out of the 50 teams, pairs and individuals that entered.
Can the 2016 team top that on September 10/11? We'll meet the riders to find out, well the first four at least.
How do you start your first ever blog?
An introduction seems appropriate. I'm Charlie, and I was lucky enough to be chosen to be part of the revolve24 team. Along with six other road.cc readers and captain Stu we'll be whizzing around Brand's Hatch in early September.
Words can scarcely describe my excitement. It briefly topped my list of things to look forward to until I remember I was getting married in two weeks' time. Having got the ceremony and honeymoon out of the way my poor new wife has an overexcited lycra-clad puppy to contend with - at least when I'm not too knackered after more training miles.
Like a lot of people I had a happy childhood pottering around on mountain bikes, though unlike most I was doing it in France (you can tell by my surname). Shortly after moving to the UK I got into bikes in a big way. Not just for the freedom but more importantly for the bodging and greasy hands. Having acquired a dislocating knee through rugby, a lot of my usual sports were a little off-limits. Craving exercise I finally shelled out £56 for an old Peugeot Prologue 4 just before uni. By the time the seat tube rusted and sheared off the bottom bracket I was hooked. By the end of uni I was worshipping the skinny tyres and curved bars, and had managed to shoehorn a folding bike concept into my final year project.
I moved to Bath for my first job, not because it was close but because 20 Cotswold miles makes for a beautiful commute. I didn't have a car at the time and had very little choice in my mode of transportation. I've now moved to Bristol for my wife's work and boosted to 30 miles each way.
That's why as soon as I saw the announcement that Road.cc were hiring for a 24 hour challenge I was on it like a shot. In my mind we're all going to qualify for RAAM next year. What I'm most excited about though is meeting a few members of the amazing Road.cc community, putting faces to some of the hilarious comment section posts and sharing a cold brew with some new friends after a gruelling once-in-a-lifetime ride.
You never really think it through when volunteering for such things and it's only after a while the reality kicks in of what you actually have to accomplish.
Most sports people are competitive, however I find cyclists take it to a whole new level with discussions on Strava segments, power outputs, average MPH on a ride and of course how many miles you cover in a week!!!
I'm no different and get sucked into this, so a training programme needed to be sought. But what sort??
Well it's a team of 8 and we will be doing 30 minute stints, not too bad one thinks. However, this is 30 minutes flat out with other cyclists pouring over your data, remember so you better be good!
Plus, it is a race and who enters that without thoughts of overall victory or at the very least a podium finish?
Then there is the sleep factor, now I am a person who loves his sleep. If I get awoken before my due awake time I don't like my own company so let alone what anyone else's thinks. This concerns me, getting up at silly o clock and cycling in the dark and cold trying to keep pace while those eager other cyclists eyes keep a hawkish eye on your data! Damn them!
I have some solace however, when the children come along and put paid to your professional sporting ambitions you have to make time to train. Or as you get to my stage of life it's really just enjoying a ride but going fast. This would entail going out at silly o'clock on Saturday mornings to get back to be with the family for breakfast.
"Why are we doing this?"......Her reply "I don't know but cycling before the world gets up and getting back early makes you feel like a proper World Champion!".
So now a long way into my training I can look forward to being woken up, expected to ride in the dark with some sleep but hey, I will feel like a "World Champion" hurtling around that track and stuff what the other cyclists think of my data, because I will be enjoying myself!!
So thank you to revolve24, road.cc and Aldi for making that possible for me!
Er, a 24hour endurance race. It's at Brands Hatch!
No I'm in team of 8 with road.cc and we're being sponsored by Aldi.
And so the conversation sort of went on but with Debbie (my wife) veering between being supportive and laughing.
You see up until January I hadn't been on a bike since college days. I had also put on a few pounds, well quite a few to be honest so about a year ago I decided it was time to change all that.
I'm now 3 ½ stone (that ½ is important, I've sweated over that) lighter and balancing weight loss with cycling, running, gym and swimming. Oh, and I've got a job.
One of the ways I can focus and motivate myself on getting fit is by doing challenges so Debbie and I rode the London to Brighton for the British Heart Foundation this year and really enjoyed it. When I booked the ride it seemed so far and I didn't know how we would achieve it which was all I needed to push me to the gym.
I've now signed up for a 10K Trail run in November and a Triathlon next year plus did I mention that somehow I'm in a 24hr endurance race with a bunch of guys who are so fit it makes your eyes water?
Now that's got to motivate me – right, er right?
We learnt a lot last year at revolve24 so this year I'm planning on getting the team a whole lot more organised this time around.Shorter stints for each rider to keep the freshness up while trying to accommodate decent bit of rest and recovery.
Enough about all that though, what have I been up to in preparation?
Well if you've seen some of my previous blogs you'll know that ironically ever since I've started working in the cycle industry full time I actually spend less time on my bike. Without the routine of the daily commute many things get in the way of getting out to spin the pedals during the day, writing reviews, watching repeats of Minder and Only Fools and Horses – you know how it is.
I've cranked up the mileage over the last couple of weeks though aiming for the 175-200 miles I used to cover as a commuter and started to shift the weight I've accumulated from working ten feet from my well stocked fridge.
Speed work is important for this kind of event and with years of time trialling in my legs the 30 minute intervals shouldn't be an issue, it's just like smashing out a ten mile TT every few hours right?
Well, last week I popped over to my old club's evening ten as I was staying in the area and plus it was non-aero night. Perfect considering I'd sold my TT bike last year.
I've got plenty of 54:00 and 55:00 minute 25 mile TT's under my belt and a 1:55:00 50 miler in my palmares so the reputation was pretty solid amongst my rivals parked up in the layby somewhere in Dorset. I say 'was' because what happened over the next 26:37 minutes of lumpy terrain saw me have my arse well and truly handed to me on a plate by both those younger and older.
Work to do – as they say!
We'll introduce you to the rest of the team on Thursday.
Charlie, you need some longer socks! Peter, You have the right brand of bike!! There was 3? TCR's in our team last year. I think Upham ugraded his now so it's just you and I.
This sounds like mad fun. How does it work, is there a limit on rest time or anything? Or just do what you can in 24 hours. For the team it's an aggregate number of laps?
24 hours. The winner is the one who does the most laps, be it in a team of 1, 2, 4, 6 or 8. There's categories for each team size. There's also categories for fastest lap and fastest time up Druids Hill. It's immense fun. You can do as much or as little as you like in your team as long as there's only one of you on the track at a time, that's part of the fun.
I'm not saying its taking over my life at the moment however I'm on holiday, cutting down the booze apart from Rioja, that would be mad, and going to bed setting the alarm to get up before the heat kicks in and do a training ride. I think my family has been very patient!
Keep up the good work Peter! It's going to be an awesome event.


When it comes to a girlfriend getaway, we understand you have plenty of options. Whether you prefer a trip to the beach, a shopping spree, or an active trip surrounded by nature – is there one destination that encompasses everything you want and more?
Melbourne & the Beaches has everything you need to make your getaway one to remember! There is a world of true Florida appeal with nature and recreation, art and culture, upscale dining and boutique shopping waiting for you. So what are you waiting for? Get ready to bond with your best gals.
Melbourne & the Beaches are home to some of the most serene and natural beaches along Florida's coast. The beaches are typically more quiet and relaxing here, and the water is almost always a picturesque, Caribbean blue. Most beach access points offer amenities like pavilions, public restrooms, beach volleyball courts and showers. And did you know that Melbourne & the Beaches are home to thousands of sea turtle nests every year? It's become one of the most important nesting areas for sea turtles in the world.
During your beach getaway, you're going to want to take advantage of staying at a beachfront hotel or bed & breakfast. Many Melbourne & the Beaches hotels offer direct access to the shore, as well as balconies that overlook the Atlantic Ocean. You can find most national hotel chains along the coast that offer top amenities like a fitness center, hotel lounge bar and on-site restaurants. And there are all-suite resorts that offer spacious accommodations and kitchenettes.
Experience Florida's historic charm at one of the many bed & breakfasts throughout Melbourne & the Beaches. A stay at a bed & breakfast gives you a more relaxed and private getaway. Throughout Melbourne & the Beaches, you can find bed & breakfasts nestled along the historic downtown districts and along the coast. Whatever you choose, you're going to be pleasantly surprised with a beautiful, cozy and tropical paradise.
Pack light because after you shop at Longboard House, you're going to need room in your suitcase. The Longboard House is where all the locals go to pick up their beach attire and bikinis. Cute and trendy? You bet. Complete your outfit with a cute hat and pair of sunglasses. And don't forget the sunscreen!
Full of historic charm, Melbourne & the Beaches offers girlfriends a culturally rich and charming getaway thanks to its two downtown districts – Downtown Melbourne and Eau Gallie Arts District (EGAD). Although the two districts have their differences, they both make for a fun destination for a girlfriend getaway.
There's only one coffee shop you need to know about and that is Anaya Coffee in the Eau Gallie Art District. Start your day with an amazingly crafted cold brew or Americano. Among coffee, there's also baked goods and a breakfast and lunch menu to treat yourself to. Take a stroll down the district and enjoy dozens of art galleries and boutiques.
Both downtown districts offer unique finds that can only be found on Florida's Space Coast. Stop by Downtown Divas, The Flop Shop or Tallulah 9 in Downtown Melbourne for the latest women's fashions. Julie's British Tea Shoppe brings the best of Britain to the area with its teas and British goods. And don't forget to go by Nourish for delightful body products.
Breakfast, lunch, and dinner can all be found in Downtown Melbourne. From Le Crepe de France and Backwater for breakfast to Ole Fire Grill and Meg O'Malley's for lunch to The Mansion and El Ambia Cubano for dinner, you're going to have an amazing experience.
Each and every restaurant in Downtown Melbourne has a unique menu and vibe. The laid back nature of downtown creates a relaxing atmosphere to dine in, and the food is one-of-a-kind. You won't find chain restaurants here, but if you're looking for those, we have them just down the road.
The bar and club scene is a huge part of the nightlife in the downtown districts. If you and your girls enjoy craft beer, Intracoastal Brewery, located in EGAD, features a rotating menu of original brews.
Downtown Melbourne has a huge selection of live music to kick off your night! Matt's Casbah has live music on the patio every night but Monday from 6:30 p.m. to 9:30 p.m. Matt's also has a DJ and dancing on Friday and Saturday nights starting at 9:30 p.m. Meg O'Malley's Irish Pub is another hot spot with a great drink menu and Irish fun in an authentic atmosphere.
Show off your best moves and close down your night at Mainstreet Pub. This place is quaint and casual with three in-house bars.
If you're ready for the best girls' getaway, it's time to plan your trip to Melbourne & the Beaches. Call your girls and book your next flight to Orlando-Melbourne International (MLB) for a fabulous getaway. For more information on visiting Melbourne & the Beaches, click here.


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A nil result means your parser failed to parse all the input.
Have you tried with minimal inputs?
Have you tested the parser rules from the bottom up, or only started from the head rule?
It's important to develop these grammars incrementally.
failure_reason is a method on the parser object, not on the result.
> Can someone please suggest some other avenues for debugging this?
consume all the input, unless you pass :consume_all_input => false.
the root rule exactly, or set consume_all_input so that won't matter.
account for every byte of input.
the variables "input" and "offset", or more usefully, input[offset, 50].
Of course, you don't have to use a debugger, you can just print something.
Just remember to return true, or that rule fails.


In the previous article I spoke about Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) and why it is gaining in popularity. In this article I'm going to provide a quick overview of the poster-child for FOSS: the Linux operating system, and why it was necessary for it to come into existence.
Why Were New Operating Systems Necessary at All?
In the 1960s and 70s, it took a whole room full of equipment to process data that today can be done with a cell phone. The operating systems of time were just as cumbersome to operate, manage and license.
In the 1960 and 70s, the dominant computer operating system was Unix, developed by AT&T's Bell Labs division. Because of a large anti-trust case that AT&T lost, the source code for Unix was freely distributable. This was the primary reason it was so wide-spread, especially at universities and also in the private sector. It also the only reason why we have alternative operating systems available to us today.
In 1984, a crisis occurred in the freely distributable Unix world. Bell Labs was sold and as a result it was no longer bound by the AT&T anti-trust case. Bell Labs now asked that all Unix users stop sharing the source code and began selling use rights for the software. This was not well received. While large corporations and businesses could afford to pass this cost onto consumers, programmers and researchers at universities as well as non-profit organizations had no one to pass the cost onto. More importantly, being able to share the source code was part of the Unix culture and it was in-line with the idea that knowledge should not have a price tag.
Was Unix Knowledge or a Product?
One of the outcomes of this situation was that a new software license was developed in mid-80's to counter the actions of Bell Labs. This gave rise to several open licensing models and the creation of new operating systems based on the Unix source code from before it was separated from AT&T. These were primarily developed by programmers at UC Berkeley, so many have the BSD acronym, for Berkeley Software Distribution, in their names. The most popular modern versions of these are FreeBSD, OpenBSD, and NetBSD, and they are still actively used and maintained. As a matter of fact, they run some of the largest Internet systems today because of their stability, longevity and adherence to core Unix principles.
The new open software licensing models also allowed programmers to develop Unix-derived operating systems specifically targeted at the education sector. One of the best known of these operating systems is called Minix, developed by a Dutch computer scientist at the University of Amsterdam. Unfortunately because of licensing complications stemming from Bell Labs' restrictions, it was not freely distributable until 2000. Today, however, it is one of the main Unix distributions.
Andrew Stuart Tanenbaum, sometimes referred to by the handle "ast", and the author of MINIX, a free Unix-like operating system for teaching purposes.
Minix serves as an example of the checkered relationship between commercial and FOSS development. New lawsuits are brought regularly from companies that claim ownership over a small portion of code they say infringes on their ownership of it. As a result the FOSS community has respond with ever more fine-tuned versions of software not subject to the trappings of previously licensed and newly claimed code.
How Did Linux Work Around this Issue?
It is under the shadow of continuing legal challenges that Finish software engineer Linus Torvalds developed a Unix-type of kernel that is completely free of proprietary code owned by anyone other than the open licensing organizations. A kernel is essentially the heart of an operating system, much like a main processor is the heart of a complete computer.
Linus Torvalds, Finnish software engineer, creator and principal developer of the Linux kernel, which became the kernel for most Linux versions used today, including Android and Chrome OS.
Torvalds started work on this project in 1991 and it became hugely popular very quickly. By the mid 90's Linux was so well received that even supercomputers began using Linux instead of expensive commercial Unix alternatives.
While today still only 3.37% of desktops use Linux, it started growing in use very fast the last year. It is also the dominant server OS at 35%, and is installed as the primary communications/internet server in the world, at 95% adoption. It should not be understated that the +3% usage on desktops still represents over 30 million users world-wide. Consequently that number is only 1/4 of Apple OS use, so it is not too far behind.
As mentioned, the kernel is essentially the heart of an operating system. Prior to the isolation of the kernel as a completly open source core, attempts at ensuring that operating systems were free of commercially owned code were extremely difficult. As soon as a company would claim ownership over even a small portion it, the entire system would be held up until a new court decision was reached. This process could take years.
Obviously, this made it very difficult for mission-critical systems to run any Unix derived operating system consistently – at any point it could be stopped for legal reasons. If this was a computer that was responsible for critical military infrastructure or life-saving monitoring in hospitals, these types of interruptions made the use of open sourced operating systems highly risky. Of course, the alternative was to go back to licensing a commercial version of Unix and pay for the service, something companies like Bell Labs were more than willing to promote.
By isolating the kernel as an open source base from which to develop the rest of the operating system, Linux offered a realistic alternative from which to develop the rest of the operating system. Development in unique modules, helps reduce risk. The entire operating system is less threatened when a licensing claim is made against a specific part of it. This allows the other parts of the system to continue to function without disruption. Clearly, ensuring that the kernel, the heart of this system, was free from proprietary code was of the highest priority.
While all software is typically developed in modules, the innovation here was that the licensing for each module follows the modular approach. This creates not just a more stable operating system overall, but also allows free software to grow in ways that are truly revolutionary. The licensing model has now been in use long enough that I believe it will eventually grow much faster than closed-source software. Actually, I think that we are witnessing this growth right now.
The Linux Foundation, a non-profit technology consortium representing the Open Source Development Labs and the Free Standards Group. Formed to standardize Linux, it exists to support the development community and to further the adoption of Open Source software.
Of course there are still many reasons to use proprietary software, the biggest one being that some applications just aren't available as FOSS. For example, I use an Apple phone because for my specific business needs it fits better in my day-to-day workflow. While I could also have switched to an Android phone, an operating system is based on Linux, this would also have complicated my life just enough to make me less productive.
Because so many of the services I depend on are based on commercially-produced software, I am not able at this time to switch over. This is the case now, but it could change in the future and I mention this because I firmly believe that software development is constantly changing, so as a business owner, I am always willing to consider alternatives if it will improve my workflow. It just isn't the time for me yet.
Now before I receive a bunch of hate-mail about this decision, there is a silver lining in this. Because FOSS software is modular at the core is is also highly adaptable. It is inherently interoperable with other operating systems. This is because FOSS (and Linux developers) have always had to compete with commercial software, so they have developed software that is fundamentally more interoperable with commercial applications.
This is one more reason why I am quite confident that the open software model, which includes the open licensing model, have important advantages over commercial & closed software. As such, they are poised to take significant market share away in the future. Will it eclipse commercial software? Who knows, but it will undoubtedly become a larger part of the market, and consequently, people's lives.
In the next post I will talk about which version of Linux is best suited for small businesses and entrepreneurs. Because there are literally hundreds of options, this may seem to be a difficult decision. In my experience, however, there are only a few you should consider for your business needs.


The Bendigo Spirit survived a scare against the winless Sydney Flames in last Sunday's epic Women's National Basketball League clash at the Bendigo Stadium.
In a game where everyone expected the home side to dominate, the Spirit struggled from the onset against a highly competitive Sydney line up before a thrilling last quarter set up a narrow two-point victory.
Sydney got off to a promising start and looked as though they may claim their first win of the season.
Becca Tobin and Nadeen Payne were stand outs and combined had a huge impact on the final result in the dying moments.
With four seconds on the clock and a massive upset looming, Payne made a two point lay up (assisted by Tobin) to put Spirit in front (66-64) before Sydney called a time out.
Possession was back with the Flames and they were determined to take the win but Tobin had other ideas and a steal with just two seconds to go cemented Spirit to second place on the ladder.
Payne contributed 14 points, six rebounds and three assists.
Tobin claimed MVP bragging rights with 11 points, seven rebounds, four assists, three steals and one block.
This was a game where the losing side arguably took more away from the match outcome, and Sydney will go into Sunday's return encounter on its home court with its confidence boosted, having pushed the Bendigo side all the way.
Spirit coach Simon Pritchard said Sydney managed to rattle his charges early, with the match a one point affair at quarter time.
Sydney's lead stretched as far as 10 points during the second quarter as the match looked like slipping away from Bendigo.
Bendigo lifted after half time, and the game was back to one point at the final break.
Quicker ball movement was crucial in the final quarter in a hard fought clash.
Pritchard paid tribute to the efforts of captain Natalie Hurst for her leadership of the team, and for the efforts of both Hurst and Louella Tomlinson in largely negating the impact of Sydney's Alex Bunton, who shot just one from 13.
The Spirit host seventh placed Dandenong tonight at the Bendigo Stadium from 7pm in another danger game for the finals aspirant, before Sunday's clash in Sydney.