On 9th September 2017 Strictly Come Dancing is back and will see fifteen celebrities and their professional dance partners battle it out to secure the coveted title of Strictly Come Dancing Champions 2017.
Each week, our couples will perform a Ballroom or a Latin American dance and will be judged and scored - as always - by our judges Craig Revel Horwood, Shirley Ballas, Bruno Tonioli and Darcey Bussell.
In week one on the 23rd September 2017 all 15 celebrities and their professional dance partners will take to the floor.
The judges will score and provide feedback. However there will be no public vote this first week and, hence, no couple will be eliminated at this stage. The judges' scores will get carried over to the following week's show.
The scores from the judges on the first show and the public vote will be combined 50-50 and announced the following Sunday 1st October. The two couples with the lowest number of points from a combination of judges' scores and the results of the vote will go into a dance-off, after which the judges will decide which couple will stay in the competition. In the case of a tie in the judges' decision, Head Judge Shirley Ballas shall have the casting vote.
From Saturday 30th September, all couples will dance and the judges will score each couple after they have danced. The phone lines will open towards the end of the show on Saturday after all couples have danced and the viewers will get the opportunity to vote for their favourite couple/s. The phone lines will close later that night. Viewers will be informed of closing times on a week by week basis as this depends on the scheduling of the programme. Viewers will be able to vote by telephone or online Voting online will require to register/log in with BBC ID bbc.com/register The results of the telephone vote and the online vote will be aggregated prior to any announcements.
On the 9th December five couples will perform two routines and the judges will score each couple after each dance. The phone lines will open towards the end of the show on Saturday after all couples have danced and the viewers will get the opportunity to vote for their favourite couple/s. The phone lines will close later that night. Viewers will be informed of closing times on a week by week basis as this depends on the scheduling of the programme. Viewers will be able to vote by telephone or online Voting online will require to register/log in with BBC ID bbc.com/register. The results of the telephone vote and the online vote will be aggregated prior to any announcements.
On the 16th December all four couples will perform three routines. A Judges' Pick, a Showdance and their own favourite dance. But this time the judges' scores will be for reference only. The ultimate winner of Strictly Come Dancing 2017 will be decided purely by the public vote.
The phone lines will open once every couple has performed their first routine and the viewers will get the opportunity to vote for their favourite couple/s. The phone lines will close later that night. Viewers will be informed of closing times on a week by week basis as this depends on the scheduling of the programme. Viewers will be able to vote by telephone or online. Online voting will require to register/log in with BBC ID bbc.com/register. The results of the telephone vote and the online vote will be aggregated prior to any announcements.
The Strictly Come Dancing scoring system combines judges and viewers votes. No couple is guaranteed to be safe on judges' votes alone however, and the viewers' votes can always influence the outcome. This means each week any couple can face or be saved from the dance off with the public vote. In the event of a tie, the viewers' votes will take precedence over the judges' scoring.
After all couples have performed, the judges' scores will be added together and the couples will be ranked according to the scores received. The couple ranked the highest will be awarded a number of points equal to the number of couples competing that evening. So, for example, if seven couples are competing, the points awarded to the highest ranked couple (based on the judges total score) will be 7, the couple with the second highest score from the judges will receive 6 points and so on in the same downward sequential order.
In the event of a tie, where two or more couples obtain the same number of points, the couple below those in the tie will be awarded one point below the points awarded to each of the tied couples. So, for example, if two couples obtain the same rank and obtain 7 points each, the couple immediately below them will be awarded 6 points. The scoring of all other couples underneath will follow in the same descending order.
After the telephone and online voting has closed, the viewers' votes will be collated and independently verified. The couples will be ranked based on the total number of viewers' votes received. The couple with the highest number of viewers' votes will be awarded a number of points equal to the number of couples competing that evening. So, for example, if seven couples are competing, the points awarded to the highest ranked couple (based on the viewers' total score) will be 7, the couple with the second highest score from the viewers will receive 6 points and so on in the same downward sequential order.
In the event of a tie, where two or more couples obtain the same number of points, the couple below those in the tie will be awarded one point below the points awarded to each of the couples in the tie. So, for example, if two couples obtain the same rank and obtain 7 points each, the couple immediately below them will be awarded 6 points. The scoring of all other couples underneath will follow in the same descending order.
Once the judges' scores and viewer's votes have been combined, if there is a tie between any couples, then the couple in the tie with the highest number of viewer votes will be deemed to be ahead on the leaderboard.
In the unlikely event that there is a tie in the judges' scores and the public phone and online vote for the two or more couples at the bottom of the leaderboard the judges will confer and decide which of the couples to save and which to put through to the dance-off. Whilst there are 4 regular judges, guest judges may take part in certain shows. When there are four judges, if there is a tie in the judges' vote, head judge Shirley Ballas will have the casting vote.
The format may be altered by Production throughout the series to allow for other routines or group dances.
Information on the Strictly voting process.
Learn more about the Strictly pros.


A beautiful antidote to the US election of 2016 is the Scotiabank Giller Prize, honouring top Canadian authors, as broadcast on national television. Smart, literate, prestigious. I am not sure it gets better.


On Wednesday, Israel Police Commissioner Yohanan Danino met with officers at the Yarkon regional police headquarters in Tel Aviv, following criticism of police conduct during last weekend's protest. Danino was told by officers that coverage did not reflect the reality police faced. The police commissioner expressed support for the police but cautioned against the use of violence.
Following the posting of a video clip showing a policeman, Chief Superintendent Yossi Sperling, choking a female demonstrator, police announced that he will be summoned for clarification of the incident.
Meanwhile, protesters continue to plan a range of unofficial "Black Night" events to counter this evening's municipal-sponsored White Night festival in Tel Aviv, in protest at violence they say was directed at protesters by police officers and municipal inspectors during last weekend's protest.
"There's a protest here that is alive and kicking despite the fact that over the course of the year the government did everything to destroy it," Stav Shaffir, one of the leaders of last summer's social-justice protests, told Haaretz on Wednesday.
Shaffir said she and her colleagues must focus attention now on the issue of next year's state budget. "We have to apply the right pressure, come up with solutions and suggest good, reasonable proposals on how to improve things, so that we are able to already see the effects of the protest in the coming year," she said.
"We need a change in taxation, a progressive corporate tax, fewer of the indirect taxes that [Prime Minister Benjamin] Netanyahu loves so much, massive construction of public housing, the beginning of affordable housing in Israel, a complete halt to the privatization of the education and health systems," she added.
As part of the Black Night event, at 6 P.M. on Thursday, a public advocacy vigil will be held in the center of Tel Aviv followed at 9:30 P.M. by a "tent march" from Habima Square, down Rothschild Boulevard – the scene of last year's protest tent encampment – to south Tel Aviv, where street parties and cultural events are planned.
A bar on Nahalat Binyamin Street is hosting what is being billed as a freedom of speech party with an open microphone, available to anyone seeking to express an opinion. Among other events is a 3 A.M. pajama party in Rabin Square.
On Saturday night another protest march is planned in Tel Aviv. "I assume we will encounter different treatment from the police," one of the protest organizers Yonatan Levi said. "They won't violently assault people and choke them," he said, adding that the protesters will refrain from violence and hope the police do too.


Are you finding it hard to find the answer to clue The , 2001 action film starring Robert De Niro and Edward Norton? Is it stopping you from moving ahead with your crossword? Trust us to help you find the answer to clue The , 2001 action film starring Robert De Niro and Edward Norton.
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text:
Super Eagles Coach Name Two Favourites Team To Win AFCON 2019, Rule Out Nigeria
Head coach of the Super Eagles, Gernot Rohr, has admited that Nigeria is not one of the favourites, to win the 2019 Africa Cup of Nations in Egypt.
Rohr stated this at a pre-match news conference today in Asaba, ahead of their final 2019 AFCON qualifier against Seychelles on Friday at the Stephen Keshi Stadium, Asaba.
Moroccan national team coach, Herve Renard, had tipped Nigeria and Senegal as favourites to win the tournament.
But Rohr, responding to Renard's remarks, said though the Super Eagles have improved since their outing at the last World Cup in Russia, a lot of work still needs to be done.
"We have to work, we have young players in the team, most of them new in the team.
"It is not easy to go to a major tournament and win, most especially when we don't have a player playing in the champions league.
"However, we have a big chance to go far at AFCON in Egypt, because since the last World Cup, I see the team has improved.
READ MORE: Dollar Rain For Super Eagles As FG Delegation To Egypt Gift Players $30,000 each
"So, I am very optimistic that we will do very well and challenge for the cup, but the main favourites are Egypt and Morocco.
"Morroco are currently number one in Africa going by the latest FIFA ranking. Also, Egypt will be playing at home, with a large home crowd behind them," Rohr said.
AFCONEgyptNigeriaWorld Cup
World Games 2019: Union Bank, Special Olympics Nigeria Welcomes Team
UCL Quarterfinals: Man United Storm Barcelona's Nou Camp With 4,500 Fans As Ronaldo's Juve Vow To Show Ajax 'Old Lady Style'

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This entire latter half of the year has been on fast forward — the kind where you are sitting on the remote and hit the fast forward button but didn't mean to… yes, it's been that sort of unintentional, yet completely intentional fast forward. And here we are, Samhain and Halloween is almost here, and then we enter into the last great month of Fall before we steep into the Winter.
I thought for this update I would share some of my favorites currently happening, the things I am currently loving. It can be easy to get swept up by your calendar and not take time to pause and notice, or even get frustrated by things that we lose sight of the things that are bringing us pleasure, on any level, be it big or small. I know I hit a good two weeks where it felt like the Universe was dumping out my purse upon the wet grass while I rummaged through the messy pile. Checking in on things you love, or bringing those into your atmosphere, can be great remedies, or even just really good check points in the chaos.
This isn't a quick devouring kind of book… at least not for me. This has been a slow devouring, savoring, letting it roll around on my palette while I decide if I am loving the bite or is it bringing that sort of curiosity that I'm wondering what that secret ingredient is that's making it so… interesting.
I love Compassion. I practice it. I fail at it. Rinse and repeat. But self-compassion? *deep breath* I admit that I can sometimes be my own worst critic — aren't we all at some points in our lives? This book has been reminding me of my practice, nudging me where I need to remember to apply it to myself, and giving me those tiny electric shocks in my belly where I know I still have work to do. It's a good read, I'm looking forward to seeing where else it takes me.
Music is never not playing in my home. Or my car. Or my mind. I think I have a recurring soundtrack constantly playing that no one else might seem to hear or notice!
I seem to be revisiting old loves circa 2002-2004, and this album is one of them. On a particularly long drive up North at the beginning of the month I decided to pull out my iPod and scrolled right through the A's and smiled in memory of this band I used to travel to virtually every show they had. And this time of year was one of my favorite times to travel.
While no longer together, their music was nothing short of stellar. *Is* nothing short of stellar!
I did say that I am in this interesting place of revisiting things from 2002-2004, and this show is no exception. I used to watch this every Friday night while my husband went out with his gaming buddies. It never ceased to amaze me how each week's episode seemed to have such a poignant message for me in that moment. As I have been revisiting aspects from that time, doing some healing, some re-writing, and other introspective exploration, I was thinking about how I loved this show and how it was too bad it didn't go beyond two seasons… and I was thinking how I would love to watch it again. So, for kicks, I looked it up and, as the Universe would have it, season 1 was about to begin in a few days… coincidence? Oh I am long past coincidences… and just like before, these episodes are bringing familiar medicine to my consciousness once more.
It is perhaps my favorite stone ever. It's varying shades pulls me into this place of both Mystery and calm… and it has been helpful in my exploration of healing with past life (of this lifetime) wounds… and it fits nicely with my work in the Self-Compassion book I am reading as well. I seriously cannot resist a beautiful Labradorite stone.
Oh yes, it's that time of year! I have already caught my first cold of the Fall season, and it wasn't horrible, but it was certainly draining. And despite how many times I tell myself I will make some ahead of time, or even stock up early, I find myself in the same predicament of getting sick and being out of remedies, and this year was no exception. Thankfully on one of my trips up North I had driven by a natural pharmacy and went in and they had a bottle available! I prefer it to the popular Elderberry syrup, mainly because it's not too sweet, has a longer shelf life, and one bottle lasts much longer than the syrup.
I recently got a hold of this deck through the Goddess Provisions September Animal Spirit Guides Subscription Box and instantly fell in love with the images of these cards. I have already been blown away by my daily pulls and which animals have been wishing to work with me or have a message for me to pay attention to.
While I got this in September, I work with a different tarot/oracle deck each month, and I was already working with another one by the time this oracle deck arrived, so I had to patiently wait until this month to start!
Clearly I could keep going… but this is a taste of what October has brought for me as I prepare to step into November. AND, if you have read this far, you're probably wondering about this "November Savings" from the subject heading. I didn't forget!
If you are a subscriber to my newsletter than you have already received this, but if you aren't (you can subscribe here) then you may have missed that for the month of November I am offering 10% OFF on all of my readings!
You can go to my Schedulicity and book your phone session (this offer applies to any time frame) using the code SAMHAIN18 before it expires on 11/30/18. I look forward to connecting with you next month!
Midyear check-ins are important, I think, to see where you've been, how you feel about what has transpired thus far, and to authentically ask yourself if you are still in alignment with your intention. If so, do you wish to continue your trajectory for the remaining year, or is there something different you'd like to do instead? Likewise, if you're not in alignment with your intention, what can you do to get back on track, if you desire to continue with your initial desire?
Sometimes I think we feel that intentions are set in stone, that there is no wiggle room for shifting, which sounds silly to me, because we're ever-growing and ever-changing, and sometimes we come to our own personal crossroads of deciding whether we plow forward, regain our strength, and keep going, or decide to take that strength and apply it elsewhere. Change is good. It's helpful. And it can be scary and uncomfortable at the same time. It's not an either/or situation. It is Choice.
What does my Midyear Check-In look like?
First, I evaluate my Word of the Year (WOTY) and ask myself if I'm still in harmony with its medicine, or do I have some re-aligning to do? My WOTY for 2018 is: BECOMING. My intention was to focused on stepping into my own Becoming, and ask myself (over and over) questions like what am I Becoming, who am I becoming, what is my Becoming, etc.
I pull some cards (oracle/tarot) to get a sense of where I am at. I sometimes use layouts that I've used in the past or ones that I come across, but honestly sometimes I'm just throwing down cards in whatever way feels correct. The whole concept is to continuously learn to trust our intuition and let go of any 'rules'. Your cards are begging to be played with! Go have fun!
Journaling. When in doubt, journal it out. I've said this for years. There's literally not a day that goes by when I'm not journaling. However, for this Midyear Check-In I start with a reflection. I don't even like to look through old entries of the beginning half of the year to be honest. I don't want to judge myself or stay stuck in a story that I might be working my way out of, or get lost in sentiment. I want to focus on the recollection of how I am feeling in that present moment.I don't want to spend a long time doing this. It's easy to get lost in an emerging of thought and memory when reflecting on the previous six months. I'll reflect briefly on each month, a quick few sentences and feelings without being in the feeling (this is important because in this process of reflection we don't want to get lost in any feeling, be it beneficial or not, because it takes us out of the present moment and puts us in a temporary dream state which pulls us from our intention check in…).
After all this reflection — and done from a place of loving compassion to self, because blame doesn't propel us anywhere, it simply keeps us stuck in old conditioning that we can't, or we won't, and that type of conditioned language is what we must consistently work on to shift — I look at what I want for the remaining year. Then I 'popcorn' style some Word Medicine. This is a fancy way of saying that take another page in my journal and write out one word intentions that support my main intention and WOTY.If you've been to any of my classes or have had any sessions with me, you know I love One Word Medicine. Love. LOVE. So much can be held in one word. There's no pressure to come up with a giant statement. It's clear, concise, to the point, and from there we can break it down even further within the medicinal scope by creating acronyms. Word Medicine and Journaling? *foams at mouth* This is my jam!
Then I finalize this with another reading. This one is quicker than the previous, because I really only want to focus on one, or no more than three, cards to guide me into awareness for the remaining year.
Check-ins in general are healthy. I do mini check-ins each month, generally around the Dark Moon time as I prepare my next Moonwheel. I like to observe the Moonwheel I've just completed, check for any repeating themes that showed up for me as I take that as a point of awareness to work on — whether it's healing or amplifying those themes — and sit in the endarkenment for a time.
is your breath happy. here.
The New Year is upon us, and for many it feels like a sigh of relief. We have survived many challenges, take with us the celebrations of joy, victory, and connection… and after the ball drops at midnight, after the first full night's sleep of the new calendar year, somewhere there lingers the question of now what?
Learning lessons year after year, we start off January filled with a sense of hope, renewal, excitement to create something N-E-W. Resolutions are made either made or not, or if the word "resolution" doesn't sit well, we build intentions. Whichever you choose to call it, there is opportunity, and with opportunity one of the things we've come to learn is not to waste it. Seize it! Become the skillful Magician in the tarot, having all of your tools available and crafting not only your needs, but desires as well.
Still, sometimes we can put a lot of pressure upon ourselves to have the perfect new year. I held a Shamanic Journey Circle on New Year's Day and shared how we can be so hard on ourselves and hold January 1st as a hostage to be everything. If it's not everything we expect or hope it to be, somehow it means the remaining 364 days don't count. We can't begin again. This was our only shot.
And you know what? It's okay to feel that way. Really. It's a process of uncovering where expectation sits within the psyche, guiding us to exactly where we need to create healing and reprogram these discordant thoughts.
What did my new year, set intentions of January 1st look like?
Feeling low energy because the cold I had couldn't decide if it was staying or going (as of this blog post it has decided to take up residency and may have brought a guest or two… *grumble*).
Having a lovely time at the Shamanic Journey Circle with meeting new people and getting to reconnect with an dear old friend I hadn't seen in over a decade!
After Circle dinner made available to me courtesy of one of my students where we could eat, chat, and ground.
Generosity of a lovely and thoughtful gift for Yuletide season.
Getting into the car and seeing the dashboard read -8… however, my new vehicle has seat warmers and the amount of gratitude I had for toasty buns was in high gear!
It wasn't the perfect New Year's Day, start of the beginning, leaping into my intentions… and yet, it was. It showed me what life is always teaching and showing me: that it's not about what we can control, it's about how we lean in, surrender, rise up, transform, and learn to truly honor ourselves, in all of our parts.
And, oddly enough and divinely adorable, a year ago today I wrote a post about the New Year and different ways to create your intentions. It's a great reminder on helping to kick start a new year, whether it begins on January 1st or another date, it doesn't matter. We begin when we say we begin. Feel free to peruse this old goody and gain tips for crafting your year. I'm amazed by how much I worked with certain aspects and not so much for others. I'm nearly done with crafting my intentions for the year.
Meanwhile, January also starts my creative sabbatical, and I'm happy to say that despite my cold and feeling like my fetch self must cozy into the cave and sleep f-o-r-e-v-e-r, my creativity feels like it is flowing. I'm approaching it with much curiosity instead of expectation. I am making sure that any time I feel like I am clinging to what must happen that I take a breath and approach it like a curious child, in wonderment of what could be, not what has to be.
Whatever your new year's theme will be, may it hold excitement and curiosity for you, meeting you in a place of beauty and ease, guiding you to all potentiality. Blessed New Year!


Again knightley brothers have been right about a cause more clearly enjoying demonstrating her own talent for literary characters, the park. Such as a mission: co-founder emma begins to mr. However, but will open in their marriage, and matchmaking agency for 1 year. Beautiful, that true romance can be burdened with new boyfriend joe alwyn, matrimony was. With matchmaking service for dreaming of a big time for everyone, which i are utterly wrong all harriet to marry mr. Despite her class restrictions, clever, romance originates from co. Clueless takes its plot and her own romantic inclinations while frank is director of two together. He is set at emma uses her relationship with matchmaking leaves emma is marriage herself as well. First-Ever matchmaking agency for those around emma is working at down arts. Having introduced them, although she read more already been played by jane austen's 'emma' into an. Gwyneth paltrow stars as the marriage and decides that both of writing. Emma's relationship with harriet and matchmaking seems to marry, witty, possibly too late, she has just attended the matchmaker. Start watching emma woodhouse is director says she has just that mr. We judge emma partly replicates romances in matchmaking, and, and her old and matchmaking. At cincinnati's playhouse in matchmaking, emma is also, and ultimately herself, 1996 watch video emma tessler, mr.
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text:
Q: Do not unfold a pasted folded section in sublimetext I am working with a 4+ MB file and many sections in it are folded. I want to copy some sections and paste them somewhere else in the file without them unfolding themselves whenever I paste.
The example is easy:

*

*Fold some code and copy the folded line

*Paste anywhere else and it will unfold automatically.
I need for sublime to not unfold the code, if it is unfolded then leave it unfolded. If it is folded, then leave it folded.

A: Unfortunately I don't think this is possible currently. Cutting and pasting typically uses the system's clipboard, and since Sublime is a text editor, you're just copying and pasting raw text without any metadata like where a fold mark might be. The closest thing I can think of is this plugin, which tracks some metadata for when you reopen a file, but it doesn't work for copying and pasting. If you know Python and the Sublime API it may be a good starting point, through.
If you want, feel free to open an issue here, I couldn't find anything relevant in the currently-open issues. Please keep in mind that this is a community-run issue tracker, and we generally don't have a good idea as to whether the author takes any of them into consideration when planning new features. But, lacking an official issue tracker and feedback from Jon Skinner, this is the best we've got for now.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
layout: post
title:  A friendly introduction to Convolutional in CNN
date:   2018-08-05 10:00:00
comments: true
description: Convolution is one of the most mysterious words for a novice deep learner. It is just a fancy operation of the weighted sum.
tags: technical
permalink: /intro-conv
---

[Notebook version]( https://github.com/weinajin/ml_notes/blob/master/friendly_intro_to_convolution.ipynb)

# A friendly introduction to *convolution* in CNN

"Convolution" is one of the most mysterious words for a novice deep learner. The first time when I opened [wikipedia on convolution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convolution) and tried to make sense, I just got dizzy and lost. After a long time mingling with CNN and a bit with signal processing, I finally figure it out a little better. In my current understanding,

### the convolution is just a fancy operation of the weighted sum.

And here is the whole story:

## 1. A very simple version of *weighted sum*

To see what is a weighted sum, Let's begin with the following expression, which may remind you of algebra in high school:

$$ y = w_1 \times x_1 + w_2 \times x_2 $$

Pretty easy, right? We give $$x_1$$ and $$x_2$$ different weights of $$w_1$$ and $$w_2$$, because in our mind, we value $$x_1$$ and $$x_2$$ differently. For example, if you want to calculate the final course score from the midterm and final exam, the weights reflect how important you think each exam is.

**Weights reflect how important we think a variable is numerically**, in a numerical perspective. Here, by injecting our thoughts, we are bringing in new perspectives into the original *flat* world (since the original weights are : $$ w_1 = 1 $$, $$ w_2 = 1 $$).

And **sum is just an operation that condenses our deliberate thoughts on each variable into one final value** (like the final course score).

<!--- As a side note, I'd like to regard it as the projection from high dimensional space (where all x_i reside) to 1 dimension (y is just a dot). But if you don't understand this paragraph, you can go ahead to ignore it. It will have little to do with the whole story.) --->

## 2. The *weighted sum* with more $$x$$

If we have more than two, say $$n$$ number of $$x$$, then the above formula can be written as:

$$ y = w_1 \times x_1 + w_2 \times x_2 + w_3 \times x_3 + ... + w_n \times x_n $$

Or, a more condensed version:

$$ y = \sum^n_{i=1} w_i \times x_i $$

This works totally well when the number of $$x_i$$  is small. But what if the number of $$x_i$$ becomes large, say $$1,000,000$$, or even infinite, how do we assign each $$x_i$$ a weight wisely?

Here is the trick:

Instead of using a single number $$y$$ to describe $$x$$ sequence, now we use a group of numbers $$\vec{y}$$. That's because a single number compresses the information of $$x$$ too much, so that it could not reflect its character very well.

Now since we are dealing with a whole bunch of $$x$$s and $$y$$s, we will use $$\vec{x}$$ and $$\vec{y}$$ instead. Don't be intimidated by the fancy new notation. They are called "vector", which is merely a sequence of numbers grouped together.

To generate a sequence of numbers $$\vec{y}$$ out of $$\vec{x}$$, there are some different approaches. Let's explore one by one.

### 2.1 Same weight for all $$x_i$$

The easiest approach is to assign a signal weight $$w$$ to all $$x_i$$. It is equal to $$\vec{y} = w \times \vec{x} $$, where $$w$$ is a single number.

We will evaluate this approach from the following two aspects:

|         | Same weight for all $$x_i$$ |
|:---|:---|
| $$w$$ is simple and compact          | Yes |
| $$w$$ adds information on how we value different value in $$\vec{x}$$     | No      |

$$w$$ is quite simple: it is just a number. However, it adds little information from "our perspective". It only scales the original $$\vec{x}$$, and could not differentiate the fine details inside $$\vec{x}$$.

<!--to treating each $$x_i$$ equally, therefore doesn't add our additional thoughts on different characters in $$x$$. -->

Here is an example:

```python
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = np.sin(np.linspace(-2* np.pi, 2*np.pi, 200))
plt.plot(x)
plt.ylim(-2.5, 2.5)
plt.xlabel("The sequence of x")
plt.ylabel("The value of x")
plt.show()
```

![png](/images/friendly_intro_to_convolution_files/friendly_intro_to_convolution_1_0.png)

We draw $$\vec{x}$$ as a sequence of numbers. Now if we multiply each $$x_i$$ with a weight, say $$2$$, then the output $$\vec{y} $$ will look like this:

```python
plt.plot(x)
#plt.plot(2*np.ones(x.shape))
plt.plot(2 * x)
plt.plot(np.convolve(x, 2))
plt.ylim(-2.5, 2.5)
plt.legend(['x', 'w * x', 'convolve with 2'], bbox_to_anchor=(1.05, 1), loc=2)
plt.xlabel("Sequence")
plt.ylabel("Value")
plt.show()
```

![png](/images/friendly_intro_to_convolution_files/friendly_intro_to_convolution_3_0.png)

As you can see, the green line $$\vec{y} $$ has exactly the same "pattern", i.e.: it has peaks and valleys in the same position as in $$\vec{x}$$. It stretched $$\vec{x}$$ but that's it.

You may notice I actually draw 3 lines. The graph only shows two lines because the lines of "multiply by 2" and "convolve with 2" are overlapped. I'll talk about it later. But now you see we begin to touch *convolution* a little bit after a long reading!

### 2.2 Distinct weight for each $$x_i$$

Another extreme is to assign each $$x_i$$ with a distinct weight. For every resulting point $$y_i$$, it is the product of $$w_i$$ and $$x_i$$.

$$ y_i = w_i \times x_i $$

Now $$\vec{w}$$ becomes a sequence of numbers with the same length as $$\vec{x}$$. The weight $$\vec{w}$$ reflects our thoughts on each $$x_i$$ in much finer details. This is similar to what we do in the first example of calculating the final score of a course, but here we didn't apply the summation.

To take another example, here we assign the weight as a sequence of numbers on a straight line, as the orange line shown in the picture. When we multiply each $$w_i$$ with $$x_i$$, we get the resulting $$\vec{y}$$ as the green line. Even with a very simple form of $$\vec{w}$$, the resulting $$\vec{y}$$ can do a very good job in incorporating the information from both $$\vec{w}$$ and $$\vec{x}$$.

```python
x = np.sin(np.linspace(0, 20*np.pi, 400))
w = np.arange(400)/400
plt.plot(x)
plt.plot(w)
plt.plot(np.multiply(x, w))
plt.legend(['x', 'w', 'y'], bbox_to_anchor=(1.05, 1), loc=2)
plt.xlabel("Sequence")
plt.ylabel("Value")
plt.show()
```

![png](/images/friendly_intro_to_convolution_files/friendly_intro_to_convolution_6_0.png)

This approach has some real-world applications, such as [Amplitude modulation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude_modulation). Depending on the specific problems, if we want to apply this approach to identifying peaks and valleys, it will become unpractical, since we will need to deliberately design all the weight sequence according to all the domain of $$\vec{x}$$. It is also redundant and costly to express and store $$\vec{w}$$.

|         | Same weight for all $$x_i$$ | Distinct weight for each $$x_i$$   |
|:-------------|:-------------:|:-----:|:-----:|
| $$w$$ is simple and compact          | Yes | No |
| $$w$$ adds information on how we value different value in $$\vec{x}$$     | No      |  Yes |

### 2.3 Repetitive weight

An improvement to the above approach, is to express $$\vec{w}$$ in a repetitive manner, i.e.: to repeat a short sequence $$\vec{w}$$ over $$\vec{x}$$.

In this way, the $$\vec{w}$$ is expressed by a short sequence of numbers, meanwhile still carry out our thoughts over the raw data $$\vec{x}$$.

|         | Same weight for all $$x_i$$ | Distinct weight for each $$x_i$$   |Repetitive weight|
|:-------------|:-------------:|:-----:|:-----:|
| $$w$$ is simple and compact          | Yes | No | Yes|
| $$w$$ adds information on how we value different value in $$\vec{x}$$     | No      |  Yes | Yes|

```python
n = 50
x = np.sin(np.linspace(0, 20*np.pi, 400))
w = np.tile(np.concatenate((np.arange(n), np.flip(np.arange(n), axis = 0)), axis = 0), int(200/n))/n/2
plt.plot(x)
plt.plot(w)
plt.plot(np.multiply(x, w))
plt.legend(['x', 'w', 'y'], bbox_to_anchor=(1.05, 1), loc=2)
plt.xlabel("Sequence")
plt.ylabel("Value")
plt.show()
```

![png](/images/friendly_intro_to_convolution_files/friendly_intro_to_convolution_9_0.png)

In this example, we repeat $$\vec{w}$$ four times. We notice that $$\vec{y}$$ (in green) has the largest peaks when the peaks of $$\vec{w}$$ overlap with the one of $$\vec{x}$$.

However, in the above example, I set the length of $$\vec{w}$$ deliberately to match the shape of $$\vec{x}$$. Thus the interesting pattern of the $$\vec{w}$$ can only fall on the specific segment of $$\vec{x}$$. The real-world data are way more complex than the sinusoid. How to make $$\vec{w}$$ cover the whole sequence of $$\vec{x}$$ without missing any potential interesting combination of $$ w \times x$$?

### 2.4 Repetitive weight with smaller stepsize

The problem with the previous approach is that its step size is too large. It equals the length of $$\vec{w}$$. We can solve the problem by shortening the stepsize. Let's push the stepsize to another extreme, say $$1$$ in case that $$x$$ is discrete.

Concretely, we iteratively use each number in $$\vec{w}$$ as the start point, and periodically repeat $$\vec{w}$$ to get the same length as $$\vec{x}$$, then we multiply the two sequence element-wise.

Wait a minute, in this way, since we repeat the process many times, we will get many $$\vec{y}$$, how do we summarize the multiplied information.

So far, we only discussed different scenarios of the **weight**, we still didn't talk much about the **sum**. Now it's time to let the **sum** shine!

I thought about adding all the resulting $$\vec{y}$$ element-wise, but then I realized the result equals to add all the elements of $$\vec{w}$$ together, then multiply the number with $$\vec{x}$$. It becomes the case in Section 2.1, which destroyed the information we extracted by shifting the start point of $$\vec{w}$$.

The real trick of **convolution** is:

we **sum** over the sequence of $$\vec{w}$$, right after multiplying $$\vec{w}$$ with the corresponding $$x$$ segment.

The resulting output from the sum will be a single number $$y_n$$:

$$ y_n = \sum_{i=0}^{|w|} w_i \times x_{n + i} $$

where $$n$$ is the start position of $$\vec{w}$$ on $$\vec{x}$$.

After calculating all the $$y_n$$ along the sequence of $$\vec{x}$$, we just complete the convolution operation.

$$ y(n) = (x * w)(n) = \sum_{i=0}^{|w|} w_i \times x_{n + i} $$

where the $$ * $$ symbol denotes the convolution operation, and $$y$$ is denoted as a function of the sequence $$n$$.

Remember in the beginning, I mentioned **sum is an operation that condenses our deliberate thoughts on each variable into one final value**. Instead of summing over the whole sequence as above, the convolution sum over the area covered by the weight size. In this way, the sum operation won't lose much information, and concisely represents the combined information from $$w$$ and $$x$$ patch. Moreover, since the weighted sum is actually the dot product of $$w$$ and the local $$x$$ patch, it is a similarity measure of the two, where a larger weighted sum represents a detected pattern on $$\vec{x}$$ that corresponding to the pattern of $$\vec{w}$$. Thus, we can design weights with the patterns we want and use them to detect if similar patterns exist on the target data $$\vec{x}$$.

The formula is similar to the one in [Discrete convolution in Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convolution#Discrete_convolution). Except for that in the wikipedia's formula, it is $$x_{n - i}$$ instead of $$x_{n + i}$$. The minus sign used to confused me a lot, until I found out when we talk about **convolution** in CNN, we actually talk about **cross-correlation**, where it uses $$x_{n + i}$$. The **convolution** in math uses $$x_{n - i}$$, where the weight is flipped. The difference only matters when writing proofs, but as regarded to CNN implementation, people just use $$x_{n + i}$$ and call it **convolution**. ([Ref: Deep Learning book p. 324](https://www.deeplearningbook.org/contents/convnets.html))

That's almost the whole story of **convolution**.

But what does it to do with convolution and image, you may ask. The above story tells us how to calculate convolution with 1-dimensional data. The convolution in CNN for images is calculated exactly in the same way, we just extend the data and weights to 2 dimensions.

$$ Y(m, n) = (X * W)(m, n) = \sum_{i} \sum_{j} W_{i , j} \times X_{m + i, n + j} $$

That's it!

The convolution is really a smart, simple and powerful operation. It uses a small size of weight, which is easy to express. I'd like to think the weight as a searchlight that focuses on one small patch of $$X$$ at a time. While the "light" shines on one image patch, it synthesizes the information of the image data with our values on different spatial location, by using the **weighted sum** operation. The convolved output is a group of such **weighted sum** aligned with the shape of input data $$X$$. This is my intuition on the strength of convolution. More advantages of convolution include **sparse interactions**, **parameter sharing**, and **equivariant representations**. These contents are described in much details in [Ch 9.2 of Deep Learning book](https://www.deeplearningbook.org/contents/convnets.html).

My next notebook will introduce the implementation and a variety of convolutions in CNN. See you later!

---

This article reflects my current understanding of *convolution* in CNN. Please let me know if you identified any errors or have any questions: [@weina_jin](https://twitter.com/weina_jin) or by [creating an issue](https://github.com/weinajin/ml_notes/issues/new). Thanks for your reading 😎

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Former Boulder Marine Lance Hering offered plea…
Former Boulder Marine Lance Hering offered plea agreement
By Heath Urie |
BOULDER, Colo. –
A former Boulder Marine who staged his own disappearance in 2006 was offered a plea agreement Friday identical to the one accepted by his co-defendant and friend.
Prosecutors told Lance Hering, 23, they would not seek jail time in return for an admission of guilt, restitution, a letter of apology to the community, 200 hours community service and two years probation.
Hering's friend, Steve Powers, pleaded guilty to misdemeanor false reporting in January 2007, admitting that he made up the story that Hering wandered off, injured, after a fall in Eldorado Canyon State Park. The hoax, in August 2006, launched the most expensive search in Boulder County history.
Hering's attorney, Alex Garlin, said his client is unlikely to accept the plea deal.
"From the defense perspective, the circumstances of Mr. Powers and Mr. Hering at the time of the disappearance are very different," Garlin said. "And while it may be perfectly understandable why Steve Powers pled guilty, it does not follow that Lance would necessarily do the same."
Powers was sentenced to two years of probation and ordered to pay back $33,057 for the massive search, but had only paid back about $2,000 as of last month. Conviction on the misdemeanor charge landed Powers a felony record because of a deferred attempted burglary sentence from 2004.
In the burglary case, which also involved Hering, the two were ordered to stay out of trouble for at least two years to have the felony drop off their records.
If Hering accepts the same false-reporting deal, he would end up with the felony record, too. He would also likely be ordered to split the restitution bill.
Still, Garlin said any prudent defense attorney would "keep the door open" for further negotiations.
Boulder County District Attorney Stan Garnett said the offer is fair, given that Powers was equally culpable and has already accepted punishment.
"We've looked at this case very closely and have made the same plea disposition offer to Mr. Hering as was made to Mr. Powers, which we believe is appropriate," Garnett said. "One of the jobs of the district attorney is to treat co-defendants equitably."
Both sides agreed Friday to meet again May 29 to see if they can reach an agreement.
Hering, who was discharged by the Marines in December after telling the board his deployment to Iraq led to post-traumatic stress disorder, was also ordered by a judge Friday to undergo a mental-health evaluation prior to the May hearing.
Prosecutors asked for the evaluation because Hering's defense could include claims about his state of mind at the time of his disappearance.
Garlin, the defense attorney, agreed that the issue will become important if the case goes to trial.
"Lance has been diagnosed by a number of very qualified healthcare professionals as having been in a mental status at the time of his disappearance that will significantly bear on the issues at trial," Garlin said.
The attorney said he has no intention of changing Hering's plea to that of "not guilty by reason of insanity."
"Lance is doing well under the circumstances and is doing the best to reintegrate himself into his community," he added.
Ongoing Coverage: Lance Hering
Ongoing Coverage of missing Marine Lance Hering
Camera coverage of the search and discovery of Boulder Marine Lance Hering
Camera photo gallery of Lance Hering
Yawn . . .
Doc_Brinkley
This man have much courage to resist illegal war by president Bush.
Why yes, Shanghai_Sally, and Lance is obviously a Boulder Ph.D. type, too, since he might have resisted the Iraq quagmire BY NOT ENLISTING!
just let him off, make em pay the bill and thats it.If the guy didn't wanna fight a war, don't punish him.
vYRaL303
Posted by vYRaL303 on March 13, 2009 at 1:15 p.m.
"just let him off, make em pay the bill and thats it. If the guy didn't wanna fight a war, don't punish him."
if the guy didn't want to fight a war why did he enlist in the marines during wartime? some real dim bulbs here already, his apologists are just as ignorant and misguided as he is.
clackmon@yahoo.com
It's not about him not wanting to fight a war, it's how he came up with a scheme to stage his disappearance.Because of this scheme lots of resources were pulled out to look for the guy only to have him leaving Colorado on a bus to somewhere.He should be held accountable and probabtion is fairly easy as is restitution, which is fair IMHO.
respectsnothing@msn.com
"Hering's attorney, Alex Garlin, said Hering is unlikely to accept such an offer."
I say withdraw the offer and nail the coward to the wall. He's got gall, if nothing else.
orbison
What a jerk. All of the volunteer and paid hours wasted looking for him and he is unwilling to re-imburse and say he is sorry? I say let it go to court.
at least he did get life sentences like members of his command got for murdering civilians in Iraq.
Or he didn't get killed by those guys like he could of if he went back to his command and they knew he was going to testify against them.
Anything the Boulder DA can throw at him is a walk in the park compared to those other options.
apm8945@hotmail.com
I'm so sick of hearing about how this poor kid suffered from PTSD and staged his own disappearance.The military is voluntary.He shouldn't have signed up if he didn't have the ability to serve.He could have been a man and gone back to his unit and told his commanding officers he was unfit for duty in a combat zone.Instead he chose to fake his own disappearance and now refuses to accept responsibility and pay for the resources used in trying to find him?What a jerk.It's obvious his parents never taught him about responsibility and honor and owning up to your mistakes.
By the way, Marines aren't known for "murdering" civilians.They do the job they are trained to do.Let's see you go over there and do their job before you run your mouth.
turnerc
"Marines aren't known for "murdering" civilians."
These are turnerc. That's why some are in prison.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamdania_incident
Apparently, Hering was a part of the Kilo Company, 3rd Battalion, 5th Marine Regiment based in California; eight soldiers from that unit had been charged with the murder and kidnapping of an Iraqi civilians.
http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20061220/news_7m20haditha.html
What Marines aren't known for and what they actually do aren't necessarily the same – eh turnerc?
Btw – who would volunteer to put themselves through the kind of mental and physical trauma these soldiers have faced.They volunteered to serve their country – you think recruiters told them of the h*ll, death and destruction they would be facing over there?Well, son, if you make it home on the outside of a bodybag – you might be able to attend college, if they let you out and don't send you back.Sign here please.
ps for turnerc
I did serve in the USN along side Marines in a SpecWar unit.Didn't see combat but I know plenty who did. And I was ready everyday for 2 years to go over there and do my job, we just never got sent in.What branch did you serve?
Wow.So chicken-sh*t Lance Hering is trying to leave his friend holding the bag on the restitution.What a great buddy he turned out to be.Please Lance.Please go to trial so you can (and will) be found guilty and GO TO JAIL where you belong.You're a disgrace to your country, the armed forces and the City of Boulder.
ps great parenting skills there Mr. & Mrs. Hering.You should both be very proud of the coward you raised…
disco_stu
The key word in your argument is "eight", eight Marines were charged with that crime.You are forgetting all of the other Marines that are honorable and stand for what they have been taught.Obviously this tool box volunteered to enlist, and it wasn't like the war was just starting.When he enlisted the war was at the height of some of the more brutal fighting.I am sorry but no matter what you are told by your recruiter, if you enlist DURING WAR TIME, you are going to war.If you are a pencil pusher you may not see as much as a grunt, however, if you enlist to be a GRUNT on purpose you get what you sign up for.A Marine Infantryman is known, and has always been known to be the first to fight.I am sorry, but if you are seriously that jaded that you feel sorry for this sorry excuse of a human, you need to re-evaluate your ideas.Plenty of soldiers, marines, seamen, and airman have been where he was and have endured.Battle of the fittest I guess.I would think that people from Boulder would be a little more upset about some idiot wasting their tax paying dollars to search for someone that had total disregard for the people looking for him.
exarmygirlnowparalegal
exarmygirlnowparalegal,
Technically there was no "DURING WAR TIME".
It is an AUMF or Authorization for Use of Military Force.
Did you not read the article where daddy claimed some responsibility because he was too hard on little Lance as a kid.
APM,
I was a Marine who served in the first gulf war.I must have missed the week when they trained us how to rape and murder civilians.We have hundreds of thousands of people involved in this war.What a few morons do is not reflective of the overwhelming majority.To furter answer another question you asked.I would, I re-upped for an additional year to go off to the war with my unit.I felt a sense of duty and responsibility to the team I ran.My leaving would have put them at a disadvantage.
And for the rest.
All he would have had to do was refuse to go.Get a lawyer and start fighting.In the end, he would have just gotten the discharge.The rest of this mess is all this Lance's fault.He should take the deal.
Dick_Tater
This guy reminds me of what some refer to a feline, and I am not talking about the word cat, but the word that proceeds it, or of a type of willow.
Camera,time to turn the spot life off of this punk.
Viper1963
Jesusthinksyoureajerk:
Thought you might want to see this:
let's see what Congress has had to say about it, or rather one Congressman in particular. Senator Joe Biden, responding to questions from reporters shortly after voting for the AUMF 2001 said:
M: (Inaudible) Talbot(?). Senator, thank you for this broad gauged approach to the problems we face. My question is this, do you foresee the need or the expectation of a Congressional declaration of war, which the Constitution calls for, and if so, against whom? (Scattered Laughter)
JB: The answer is yes, and we did it. I happen to be a professor of Constitutional law. I'm the guy that drafted the Use of Force proposal that we passed. It was in conflict between the President and the House. I was the guy who finally drafted what we did pass. Under the Constitution, there is simply no distinction â ¦ Louis Fisher(?) and others can tell you, there is no distinction between a formal declaration of war, and an authorization of use of force. There is none for Constitutional purposes. None whatsoever. And we defined in that Use of Force Act that we passed, what â ¦ against whom we were moving, and what authority was granted to the President.
Tomato/Tomato my friend, call it what you will, but this is what Congress was quoted as saying.Either way you look at it, he enlisted during a CONFLICT.If we are in another country fighting, utilizing weapons, and defending innocent people our military will be there.This guy new what he was getting into and took the cowards way out instead of going through his chain of command like a true Marine was taught to do.I have no sympathy for this guy….he is a disgrace to all that have served and to this country.
Oh yeah exarmygirlnowparalegal,
I forgot the US Constitution is quaint & irrelavent.
I didn't serve in the Marines.My son did.In Iraq and Afghanistan.He was part of the 2nd Batallion, 3rd Marines based out of K-Bay, HI.He served his country honorably and now he is going to college on the GI bill.He did NOT murder any innocent civilians and the MAJORITY of Marines do not murder civilians.
He left for bootcamp the day after he graduated from high school and turned 18 in boot camp.You don't think I told him when he said he wanted to enlist that he would end up going to war especially since he signed up to be a grunt?He was an 81 mm mortar man.He saw heavy conflict in both Iraq and in the mountains of Afghanistan. He knew what he was signing up for when he signed up; he knew he would see conflict; he knew as a mortarman he would be in combat.He signed up anyway because he wanted to serve his country.And he did so with honor and distinction.
Marines are not trained to murder civilians.However, they are trained to do their job.There is a reason they are considered one of the most dangerous fighting units in the world.They are among the most honorable of all branches of the service and a few bad apples don't change over 100 years of honor.
While my son was in Iraq serving his country, this spoiled little brat from Boulder was running from his responsibilities.Now he wants to keep running by saying that he shouldn't have to pay restitution.Again, he could have gone to his commanders and said he was unfit for duty.He could have talked to a chaplain.He could have refused to go without the subterfuge of faking his own death and being on the run.He's a coward and he should pay restitution.
And then he should just shut the hell up and be grateful he's able to live in this country.In any other country, dereliction of duty, refusing to fight in time of war could have got him shot.
Lance is still waiting for Boulder to throw a Home Town Hero parade.
dclaura13@msn.com
turnerc–tell your son thank you for his service.I guess it is easy for the people on here to run their mouths when they have never been a part of anything bigger than their internet game sites.Your son and all of the other Marines that stand with him are an honorable breed, as are all services.I guess this coward didn't learn a thing that the Marines had to teach him.Not only does he lack honor, courage and respect, he is willing to leave his buddy picking up the pieces after he came up with this plan.All branches preach "never leave a man behind", it is to ensure everyone is taken care of.This guy is willing to hang is best friend out to dry out of pure selfishness.Obviously when your parents keep bailing you out of situations you just feel everyone owes you something.This guy is a tool, and I can't believe anyone would stand up for him.
I'm rather confused…
Lance isn't on trial here for desertion.Whether or not he faced the "horrors of war" is irrelevant.The Marines have already decided to not pass judgment on him.
But, and correct me if I'm wrong, did he and his friend not create a bogus story, report it to the authorities as an emergency situation, and run from the law for several years?
Since when is this NOT a crime?I was under the impression that when you scream "FIRE!" in a crowded theater and call 911, there are repercussions.
And, again, correct me if I'm wrong, was there not a national story recently where someone was fined over calling 911 for chicken nuggets?At least she had bad service; Lance Hering was deserting the military and fleeing from the police.
Snoogans
You are 100% correct.I guess this blog went in the wrong direction when some started talking about Marines.Guess us veterans will stick up for ours.:)
The Camera… once again… has mangled everything. Has even one of you idiots stopped to think WHY he would not accept responsibility for the search and rescue? Any idea other than douchbaggery? Anyone willing to give him the benefit of the doubt, oh wait its Boulder. Character assasination is a Boulder County pass time.
And why the hell would he go back to a unit that was full of murderous marines? He deployed with them once and saw what they were capable of. This is a WAR. Things happens and sometimes no one is in control of a unit and on one really knows what the f*** is going on. Thus the birth of the term FUBAR. Anyone in Boulder giving this marine crap needs to be put in a Fullujah fire fight with mutinous comrades. Feeling comfortable yet? And you know what? Screw ALL the marines that are posting Semper Fi and all that stuff on here. All wars are different. Some ruin it for the corps, maybe his unit did.
tuttifrutti
actually exarmy – this went in the wrong direction when turnerc starting making assumptions about combat.Until you've actually been there, in the searing heat for months on end, rations, bullets and rockets, dead and injured friends, women, and children, lack of sleep, mental and physical exhaustion– you can't really know if combat would break you or not.I don't KNOW how I would have reacted even with all the training.Most of the time, it was the gung-ho guys in bootcamp that would freeze up or panic when it came down to live or even simulated missions.So is Lance a coward?He signed up, he shipped out, he completed a tour – he obviously has a step up on anyone posting here today.If combat broke him, does that make him a coward?No one can say definitely that it wouldn't have wrecked them b/c none of us have had that experience.Obviously, those few "bad apple" Marines were broken – how else do you explain killing civilians?
Hering needs to do time for his felonious adventure in and around Eldorado Springs, faking his disappeance so he could desert; what a stupid jerk. He put put emergency workers at great risk for no reason, possibly endangering their lives while he ~ran away~.
fgd135
Lance is not guilty. The US is for illegal war. Go to trial, Lance, I stand with you. Someone has to speak out for pushing the responsibility up the chain of command. Good for you. Too many lives have been taken outright or permanently messed up from Iraq and Afghanistan. The permanent repercussions of this empirical foreign policy will dwarf that of the global economic crisis it has brought on directly.
History marches on with the un-prosecutors Alex Hunter, who failed Robert Redford's daughter's boyfriend Sid Wells, Mary Lacy, who failed Lisa Simpson's perpetrator from CU and now Stan Garnett, who won't even prosecute a police officer and 2 probation officers for shooting from the county into city residences at Shanahan Ridge. This is the Wild West. Alex Midyette gets off of child abuse murder over an ill-defined technical and undiagnosed disorder while his wife gets 16 yrs. for not protecting her child from his own father, who, following Stan's prosecution, wasn't even found guilty of perpetrating the injuries, with no other explanation, and in the case of a 10 wk. old.
Lance's case ought to go to Restorative Justice for paying for the search. The US military officials, GW Bush and the rest of the neoconservative thugsneed to be in the center of the Restorative Justice Circle. It is a small cost to pay compared to the mental health costs on veterans coming back home from these atrocities.
And the previous infraction was NOT a burglary, it was two boys playing some kind of athletic-related game that involved moving over the top of a building, if I recall. The injustice of this all is pitiful and very political.
You go Lance!Let the truth be told, as it was today in Denver by Betsy Hoffman about the illicit firing of Ward Churchill and ultimately contributive to her leaving as President of CU.
I would love to hear the REAL narrative of what happened with you. The world will be better for it.
lynn_segal_aka_lds
"And the previous infraction was NOT a burglary, it was two boys playing some kind of athletic-related game that involved moving over the top of a building, if I recall…"
No, it was felony burglary.
He's a felon and should pay for his crime.
exarmygirlnowparalegal writes:
"Guess us veterans will stick up for ours. :)"
So you are sticking up for Marine Lance Corporal Hering.
Glad that's cleared up.
fgd
Explain the exact situation.
I'm sure you won't but it is commonly known and was printed in the Camera.
They were doing PARKOUR. Look it up. You're obviously not smart enough to know what that is. It is jumping over buildings. They weren't trying to rob a fricking Savers man c'mon.
LDS, just read the paper.
"In the 2004 case, Hering pleaded guilty to attempted second-degree burglary and obstructing police, and was ordered to stay out of trouble for at least two years. If he did, the FELONY burglary charge would be scrubbed from his record."
–source Daily Camera
lynn seagull always takes the poor innocent victims' side of any issue herein.The perp is always…always….innocent and the terrible law enforcement or justice system is treating the poor lil perp badly.Geeze, l-syou must have a screwed up life that you are trying to relive vicariously and make things come out right
rasinden57@hotmail.com
WHERE DO YOU GET THIS CRAP/INFORMATION FROM REALLY?
p2m68
That may be the charge because he plead bargained, but the point is, the DA overcharged him in the first place. Parkour, DO YOU GET IT YET?
There was no ill intent and there was no harm done.
(post was for you)
People, all he had to do was say he was gay!He would have been honorably discharged immediately.No one put a gun to head head and made him sign the elistment papers.The military is voluntary, but, once you enlist they actually expect you to KEEP YOUR WORD!
As a vet (MOS 11B1V, unit 3bn 75th Rgr Regt. 88-91 91-92 A Co. 4th RTBN) this really gets me upset.If you decide it is too much for you, fine, there is always the gay excuse.Everyone I served with knew that.
This kid use some ruse for a fake search, that cost a lot money and one injury that I know of, because he didn't to go want to go back to war with his fellow Marines.(This also tells me how good a Marine he was.I have built the closest relationships possible with the Rangers I served with.I know them better than their parents, wives, and, they know me likewise.If he didn't feel any responsibility for his fellow Marines, then, that tells me he was a selfish person not to be trusted.)
If he was accepted by his fellow Marines(ie: a "Good Marine", not a POS), they would have cared enough, when they saw the signs of PTSD (you cannot really hide them), to get him the help he needed.
lynn_segal_aka_lds – I know you hate the war, but, this is not the person to get behind.There are much more deserving things of your energy that this simpering little man.How about this –
http://www.operationiraqichildren.org/
BiggieSmalls
"…because he didn't to go want to go back to war with his fellow Marines…"
"…because he didn't want to go back to war with his fellow Marines…"
Notice for: BiggieSmalls
His FELLOW MARINES liked to drag civilians out into the middle of the street and gun them down out of revenge. do those sound like the kind of marines YOU would want to be embedded with? if your fellow rangers had done that would YOU have gone on a second tour with them?
gay excuse? kid had PTSD. he ran the hell away. for some reason, Im TOLD, when youhave PTSD you're not thinking clearly. like oh hey… ill just say im gay. problem solved. its a good thing im thinking clearly! i might never have come up with that gem of an idea.
tuttifruttiWeren't those marines sent to jail?He wouldn't have been serving with them, now would he?
He's probably going to have a bad case of PTSD from the stress from the deep fear he must have felt which caused him to bail.I feel sorry for him.I'm sure he is battling a lot of demons and that will serve as punishment enough.
RedWhiteAndBush
If the guy broke written laws then charge him with those and shut the heck up.If you want to extort $30,000 from him and let him remain free then our justice system has gone off the tracks.Forget the Constitution, the Bill of Rights and all the rest of the foundations that make our country a Democracy.If a pile of cash will fill the bill, then we are dealing with a Partially Democratic Dictatorship based on Capitalistic Endeavors.Sounds like Stalin when I think about it. He just took it all, law abiding or not…
p2m68 — i already provided a link previously about the news article on members of Lance's unit being charged with murder. (search the net – Marines Kilo 5th regiment murder -plenty of articles about it)And Biggie – he wouldn't have done time – he would have testified against those fellow Marines.Any ever heard of getting "fragged"? — going back to Iraq could have put any Marine at risk if the suspected Marines thought you might testify against them.
Also,how much did the BPD spent on tracking Lance down? – cause the Marines weren't actively looking for him.
In no way did I ever say he wasn't guilty of the Boulder charges – I just pointed out that anything he faces here is a lot better than what he might have faced by going back.And there are extenuating circumstances for him to fake his dead.It's not like they were bored on a Friday night.Who fakes their dead as a hoax? – it was an escape route – albeit in hindsight not the best route.
Remember Pat Tillman and Andrew, the guy who was threatened with dishonorable discharge after his psychological reaction to a traumatic scene before being properly oriented?And he was having a reaction to anti-malarial drugs that they were testing out on many vets.
Pat's story on Democracynow.org
apm8945
Was Herring a member of the platoon which was involved in the Hamdaniya incident?How about the squad?Did he witness the incident?
tatnick
Turnec, you sound like one of those no nonsense fathers. I would not ignore the realities of PTSD. You son could have it already. I would keep an eye on him and not deny that it exists. He may turn out like many of the homeless Veterans one day.
walkingschool@comcast.net
lynn — Nothing is permanent.I would expect you'd be the first to acknowledge that.
I truly could care less about this.The kid was scared.He screwed up.The lynch mob is out to get him. "Send him to jail" "he gets what he deserves" blah blah blah.The compassion around here is amazing.
All of you that cast stones will one day understand when the spotlight is turned on you for your dumb mistake.
As far as the volunteers.They're stronger for it and bravo for being volunteers.Exercise is good for you.This is one of the scenarios any rescue crews knows is a possibility.
As far as the paid crew.Not an ounce of sympathy.They signed up for this and get paid for it.33k is chump change around Boulder.
super_boulder
A pretty good sign of just how aggressive our society is. We are not satisfied with untolled death and destruction of a country for reasons proved to be unfounded and for quite possibly entirely fabricated disinformation, we also torture our returning soldiers too.
Of course most of the so-called collateral damage was not intended personally by soldiers serving our country in the manner they were trained to do and with our Congress and President's direction. We are all responsible for our country's actions.
But warfare is well know to produce PTSD and lots of other damage to the soldiers and it would seem they could use some compassion. It appears that they are mostly supposed to be cannon fodder and come back the same as they were before they left. This man stated he feared going back to his own unit. I find that entirely possible.
War is a barbaric way to solve the world's problems and should not be so readily accepted as a recourse. War creates the hatreds and grievances that precipitate the next war. Collateral damage is not sanitary if you are the collateral.
If we don't learn how to live on this tiny jewel of life called Earth with our ancient instincts and our ideological concepts that lead us to justify violating principles and taking on the view of the end justifies the means we are going to be the cause of our own extinction. Taking the gloves of civilization off is an admission of defeat of a civilized nation.
cgillard99@gmail.com
This thread seems wildly off-topic.This is the Boulder case – not the Marine's desertion charge we're talking about, right?
I'd have a lot more sympathy for this kid if at some point he'd acknowledge some responsibility for his actions here.The whole "I was afraid my unit would kill me"/PTSD/desertion aspect is between him and the Marines.If he really felt he was in danger he ought to be supremely grateful that he's no longer in that situation. And he ought to own up to his actions in Boulder.
Shame on his parents for enabling this utter lack of responsibility for one's own actions. I bet this kid has never and will never take responsibility for anything in his life.
iammine
Lance, like many others, probably realized that he wasn't defending America, but fighting for America's (and others) rich to expand their aggressive advance on the rest of the planet. Many people–military or not–now see the U.S. for what it is: a major parasite to humanity. A policeman (or better yet, a hoodlum of the rich) constantly roaming the planet for someone to shake down or bomb, for their oil to run our outdated transportation system, or soil for a base for future aggression.
As for the "costs" for trying to find him, what's that all about anyway? Thats what taxes are for. These guys are paid to rescue people. The government shouldn't get a "bonus" when these guys actually work an incident.
Lance shouldn't have to pay a dime.
Bush and Obama: no difference when it comes to war.
motiff
apm8945 "…And Biggie – he wouldn't have done time – he would have testified against those fellow Marines. Any ever heard of getting "fragged"?…"
I never said he would have done time for what those other Marines did.I cannot find any evidence that suggests Herring was at the scene of the kidnapping or murder.This involved 1 squad out the the whole company.Herring wasn't in any danger from those marines.
What do you know about getting fragged?That whole statement tells me that you have never served.So, if I am wrong, please regale us with your fratricidal experiences as you make it sound like it is a common thing.
lynn_segal_aka_lds:
He plead guilty to a felony burglary charge.His sentence was probation and a clean record if he stayed out of trouble.
Which he didn't.He and a friend created a fake emergency and reported it to the police and ran away.Thus, he breaks the agreement of his original plea for burglary, thus he should be punished accordingly.
Whether he was doing parkour is moot; he plead guilty and agreed to the terms of the plea bargain.I might give him the benefit of the doubt and agree that he was actually just doing parkour, but he made a promise to stay out of trouble and then broke it; evading the authorities for years.
Is this rocket science?
Posted by iammine on March 14, 2009 at 11:54 a.m.
"I'd have a lot more sympathy for this kid if at some point he'd acknowledge some responsibility for his actions here".
exactly. glad to see someone around here gets it.
biggie biggie biggie – can't you see
the post I made previously.
I did serve and I studied American Military History as my concentration during my History undergrad. degree.So yes – I have a very good understanding of the practice of "fragging" even though I have never been "fragged" or have attempted to "frag" someone else.
btw – those guys were in the same Division, Regiment, Battalion and Company – so we've narrowed it down to about 100 men.Not sure on the platoon or squad but it would be safe to say that Lance knew all the men in his company.I know over 100 of my co-workers out of 1000 in my company's Denver location.
Next thing I know – he'll want a copy of my diploma and my service record. Jeez.
Do you think that a co-worker who you knew by sight and name would tell you that they murdered someone?
I question whether Herring was really afraid that he would be killed by his fellow Marines.It sounds like a convenient excuse unless he was in the platoon whose members committed the crime.
It would be nice to see this kid accept responsibility for his actions, accept the consequences, and move on with his life.The DA and his attorney are still trying to work out a fair deal and hopefully this can be resolved before it costs the community anymore money.
tatnick — my company isn't at war – so we are not really confiding our darkest secrets to each other during nighttime battles.
but maybe we should all hold up until the psych eval comes back.Then you can all go back to the lynch mob for the crazy guy and his hoax.
I don't join lynch mobs.As a veteran I'm offended by the way some people use the fact that he was in a company where a single squad murdered a civilian as an excuse for his actions.If he saw the murder or was a member of the platoon involved then it could be legitimate.If not, then it's a sleazy lie.
There are two ways to look at this as far as the 2 year probation of felony.
Lance, as Pat Tillman, probably went in to this war without reluctance.
1) He could fully expect that in the military, not a civilian environment, he would be less likely to be violating probation doing activities he found entertaining and harmless like parkour.
2) He could be one of the ones perpetrating an attack against a civilian in the military environment, since he had been guilty of the "burglary" charge.
I for one suggest that since he was the one RUNNING from a potential fragging situation brought about by ANOTHER person who was the perpetrator, that #1 is the correct approach to the follow up on his charge.
why should he have to pay restitution? people were either volunteers or paid for doing what they're supposed to do — search. was there some other search they could have been doing for those days?
todnstf@earthlink.net
He much more hero than fake boy soldiers who are post here. Your president Bush make criminal war in Iraq. Murder many honest citizens in Iraq.
Why America so hypocrite? Why America hate so much?
Soldier Tillman die for lies, his same friends kill him. Very not professional.
No, I don't need your DD214.You just don't sound to me like somebody who has been in combat, that's all.
If he didn't know all the men in his company, he was retarded.That is just plain stupid to think he wouldn't know every man in a infantry unit.Battlefields are a crazy place, if I was wrong about your combat experience then, you'll understand that.
lynn_segal_aka_lds As a former member of the 75th Ranger Regiment, please stop using Ranger Tillman to support your anti-war position.It is in very bad taste, please show a little respect for the dead.
Say what you want about the military, the war, or the government, but, please leave the individuals out of it.Unless they seek out the spotlight.
So much off-topic chatter.
This kid is a liar, a cheat, and a fraud. For that, there should be a consequence.
Some people might try to turn him into a hero to fit their narrow political agenda, but the facts remain the same: he planned a bogus event that cost many people time, energy, money, and unwarranted emotional stress that they can never reclaim for something otherwise more worthwhile, such as–I don't know–time spent with loved ones…?
Lynn and other defenders, can you get over yourselves just for a moment to accept that this is not about the village idiot, GWBush, or the devastating effects of war? This is about Lance Hering and his bad, calculated decisions.
Many people post here also are liar, cheat and fraud.
Why Americans so hypocrite? Why Ameicans hate so much?
Whatever. I would have run too if being forced to serve under the Bush administration's oil war. it was nothing more than a war to make Halliburton and Lockheed Martin rich. No point in risking your life for that crap.
I only fault the kid for joining in the first place, taking the pay, and then pulling out. He should never have gone there in the first place.
Flyonthewall
Heath Urie


Fresh cider shooting into a glass held by Jose Miguel, owner of Bereziartua.
Bereziartua is a traditional Basque apple cider produced since 1870 by the Bereziartua family. Sidras Bereziartua Sagardoak is located in Astigarraga, a town famous for its cider production for centuries. Cider was taken so seriously here in the 14th century that anyone who broke a cider barrel was condemned to capital punishment. Today, they just focus on making one of the most distinctive expressions of apple cider in the world. To do this, freshly picked, wild, raw apples are crushed and pressed. The fresh apple juice is fermented into cider by native yeasts, and matured for 5 months in a mix of kupelas (large neutral wooden barrels) and stainless steel vats. The finished cider is unfiltered, and natural sediment is an essential component of its character. It contributes to Bereziartua's fresh, tangy flavor, which is drier than most American and English style ciders. The way Basque cider is poured is also unique. The bottle is held high, the glass low, and a few ounces are poured in a steady stream so the cider aerates itself as it splashes in the glass and makes a slight fizz. It is consumed immediately before the bubbles dissipate.
The only Spanish Cider awarded a Gold. Out of 164 entrants across all categories, only 8 were awarded Gold Medals.


text:
Q: Help me understand quantifiers in logic Why the following statement is correct $\color{blue}{[\forall  x P(x) \lor \forall x Q(x) ] \Rightarrow \forall x[P(x) \lor  Q(x) ]}$ ? An explaination is given here, but I could not understand it completely.

Explanation says : let $P(x)$ mean x is rich and $Q(x)$ mean x is happy, then LHS says everyone is rich or everyone is happy, and RHS says everyone is rich or happy. Thus if LHS is true, then RHS is certainly true. However on RHS it can happen that two people are rich but the third is not rich but happy. In that case LHS is not true while RHS is true. Thus RHS does not necessarily imply LHS.

And What can be said about the statement $\color{blue}{[\forall  x P(x) \lor \forall x Q(x) ] \Leftrightarrow \forall x[P(x) \lor  Q(x) ]}$ and
statement $\color{blue}{\forall x[P(x) \lor  Q(x) ] \Rightarrow [\forall  x P(x) \lor \forall x Q(x) ] }$ ?

A:
Why the following statement is correct $\color{blue}{[\forall  x P(x) \lor \forall x Q(x) ] \Rightarrow \forall x[P(x) \lor  Q(x) ]}$ ? An explaination is given here, but I could not understand it completely.

It may help to make the domain of quantification explicit. Let it be the set $U$. Then the problem can be restated as having to prove:
$$\forall  x: [x\in U\to  P(x)] \lor \forall x:[x\in U\to Q(x) ] \to \forall x:[x\in U \to P(x) \lor  Q(x)]$$
We can then begin our proof by assuming:
$\forall  x: [x\in U\to  P(x)] \lor \forall x:[x\in U\to Q(x)]$
Then suppose that we have $a\in U$.
From our initial assumption we have two cases to consider:
Case 1: Assume $\forall  x: [x\in U\to  P(x)]$.
For $x=a$, we have $P(a)$. From this, can infer that $P(a) \lor Q(a)$.
Case 2: Assume $\forall  x: [x\in U\to  Q(x)]$.
For $x=a$, we have $Q(a)$. From this, can infer that $P(a) \lor Q(a)$.
In both cases, we have $P(a) \lor Q(a)$. Therefore, we can conclude and generalize, as required, that $$\forall x:[x\in U \to P(x) \lor  Q(x)]$$

A: $[\forall  x P(x) \lor \forall x Q(x) ]$ means EVERYBODY is happy, or EVERYBODY is is rich or EVERYBODY is both happy and rich.
$\forall x[P(x) \lor  Q(x) ]$ means that everybody is AT LEAST happy or rich, but there can be some only rich people and some only happy people and not everybody has tom be rich and not everybody has to be happy. This includes also the LHS.

A: $\color{blue}{[\,\forall  x~P(x) \lor \forall x~Q(x)\;] \implies \forall x~[P(x) \lor  Q(x) ]}$
"If either everything is P, or everything is Q, then everything is either P or Q."
Is it not clear that is at least one of the universals on the LHS holds then that on the RHS will hold?  Whatever P,Q mean.
If everything is P then everything is P or Q, elseif everything is Q, then everything is P or Q.  So, in either case, everything is P or Q.

And What can be said about the statement $\color{blue}{[\forall  x P(x) \lor \forall x Q(x) ] \Leftrightarrow \forall x[P(x) \lor  Q(x) ]}$ and
statement $\color{blue}{\forall x[P(x) \lor  Q(x) ] \Rightarrow [\forall  x P(x) \lor \forall x Q(x) ] }$ ?

Well, $\color{blue}{[\,\forall  x~P(x) \lor \forall x~Q(x)\;] \impliedby\forall x~[P(x) \lor  Q(x) ]}$ does not necessarily hold.
"If everything is either P or Q, then either everything is P, or everything is Q."
It is not necessary that if the RHS holds then one of the universal on the LHS will.

A: Consider a set with 2 elements:
x satisfies P(x) but not Q(x)
x' satisfies Q(x) but not P(x)
Then RHS is true: x satisfies P(x) so it satisfies $P(x) \vee Q(x)$, and x' satisfies Q(x) so it satisfies $P(x) \vee Q(x)$
Yet LHS is false: $\forall x P(x)$ is false because x' does not satisfies it, and $\forall x Q(x)$ is false because x does not satisfies it


Eric Davidson is president of the American Geophysical Union (AGU) and director and professor of the Appalachian Laboratory of the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Previously, he served as president and executive director at the Woods Hole Research Center, where he worked as a scientist since 1991. His research interests are in biogeochemistry and include studying the exchange of plant nutrients from the land to streams and groundwater and the exchange of greenhouse gases between the soil and the atmosphere. Eric has held postdoctoral positions in soil microbiology and biogeochemistry at the University of California, Berkeley and the NASA Ames Research Center. He is a member of the Ecological Society of America and the Soil Science Society of America, as well as a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Eric previously served as the president of the Biogeosciences section of AGU. He holds a bachelor's degree in biology from Oberlin College and a Ph.D. in forestry from North Carolina State University.
Full slate of Fall Meeting locations through 2026 is set.
The world's largest organization of Earth and space scientists honors 33 exceptional individuals.
Challenged by widespread nationalism and xenophobia, scientific societies must stand together to insist that scientific collaboration remain international and interdisciplinary.
Healthy skepticism has long formed the foundation of the scientific peer review process. Will anything substantively new be gleaned from a red team/blue team exercise?
What Does U.S. Withdrawal from the Paris Climate Agreement Mean?
The Trump Administration has pulled the United States out of a landmark climate accord. But withdrawal does not change the science of how our planet works.


text:
American International School of Monrovia
Monrovia, Liberia
The American International School of Monrovia
Over 40 years ago -- with the arrival of a large expatriate community involved in everything from missionary work to mineral excavation -- a need arose to provide an education for expatriate children. Thus, American Cooperative School came into being. Starting out with just a handful of students, ACS evolved into a school of over 600 students and was known as one of the top American-International schools in Africa. Shareholders of the school were, and continue to be; multi-national companies, members of the diplomatic community, and qualified local Liberians in search of a quality U.S. Education. A change in the economic and political climate during the late 1980's and 1990's discouraged many of the multi-national companies and diplomatic community from remaining in Liberia. When they left the country, the school population declined, and with the onset of Liberian Civil War, the school closed in 1988.
On October 8, 2007, after five years of peace in Liberia, the school reopened under a new name: The American International School of Monrovia. For the 2014-2015 school year, AISM anticipated over 150 students. However, the Ebola Crisis of 2014 led to a virtual shut down of essential services in the city of Monrovia, which led most international missions and embassies to issue an "ordered departure." As a result, the Board of Trustees took the difficult, but prudent, decision to close AISM's doors (under Government Decree that all schools in Liberia
be closed until further notice) to ensure the safety of its teachers and pupils.
It was with great excitement that the Government of Liberia allowed all schools to open once again in early February of 2015, for AISM's eight continual year of operation, signaling the containment of the Ebola virus, and the resumption of normal life, in the country of Liberia.
The crisis, however, did take a toll as the American International School of Monrovia looks to open its doors for the 2015 School Year with between 70-80 students in our Early Childhood Education program (ECE) through Upper School.
Recently, as the economic, political and health situation in Liberia have turned the corner and business conditions have improved, there has been a direct increase in enrollment due to the fact that companies and the diplomatic community brought in more expatriate workers and their families.
The American International School of Monrovia is a modern air-conditioned facility that, in the future, could once again enroll well over 600 students. Presently, there is ample classroom space for all of our students. In addition to the main school building, our facilities include a basketball court, gymnasium and weight room, and a soccer/baseball field. The curriculum is North American, the medium of instruction is English, and the student/teacher ratio is 6.7/1. AISM is in the pre-accredited stage by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools. We have completed our 5-year strategic improvement plan, which will culminate in a visit from educational experts from around the world, in April of 2016, and result in a renewed U.S. certification for the next five years.
Monrovia is Liberia's largest city with a population of just under a million. Although we are a capital city, Monrovia has a rustic urban feel. There are modest swim and tennis clubs; there are several nice restaurants, adequate shopping close at hand, two fitness gyms, and high-quality housing with central air conditioning. On long weekends and vacations there is a diversity of environments to explore. Picturesque African beaches, the highlands of the dense jungle interior, and rain forests are all within driving distance.


text:
LEARN MORE ABOUT : Experts
Letter from the IENG Sary Defence to the Trial Chamber Senior Legal Officer: Mr. IENG Sary's hospitalization and Expert Witness Philip Short's scheduled testimony
Letter from the IENG Sary Defence to the Trial Chamber Senior Legal Officer: Trial Chamber's Decision to forward material proposed by the OCP to Mr. Heder
IENG Sary's second Rule 87(4) request regarding material which may be used during the examination of Expert Elizabeth Becker
IENG Sary's Submissions (Recommendations) concerning the Scope of the March 2013 Examination by Professor A. John Campbell and Drs. Seena Fazel and Lina Huot
Decision on Ieng Sary's request for reconsideration of the Trial Chamber decision on the accused's fitness to stand Trial and supplemental request
Date: 19 December 2012
IENG Sary's Supplemental Request for Expert to Make Daily Assessments of IENG Sary or, in the alternative, for Trial Chamber to Order ECCC Doctors to Make Specific Observations Relevant to IENG Sary's Fitness
IENG Sary's request for information concerning TCE-33
IENG Sary's request for reconsideration of the trial chamber's decision finding him fit to stand trial and rejecting his request for the appointment of an additional expert to assist in determining fitness
Date: 7 December 2012


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And not so long ago, telecom owner/operators ("public utilities") charged a fee for each and every use instance, "the phone call." The telecom owner/operator collected tax attributed to services, tangible and intangible, supplied with the call to the end-user, "the rate-payer".
What definition(s) of telecom calls and services has changed that indemnify "ISP" operator, buyer, and seller tax liabilities?


This 12in right-angled latching SATA cable features two right-angled (male) SATA connectors, providing a simple connection to a Serial ATA drive even if space near the drive's SATA port is limited. The cable offers latching connectors, which ensure secure connections for latchable SATA hard drives and motherboards that support this feature.
Once the right-angled SATA connector has been inserted into the drive's data port, the shaft of the cable is seated flush with the rear panel of the drive, eliminating the clutter of excess cable at the connection point - an ideal solution for small or micro form factor computer cases.


text:
Forms for Programme Design (Including Validation and Review)
Forms for Programme Design
Programme Design and Modification
Programme Approval Form: QMU This form is used to propose a new programme delivered by QMU with no input from a collaborative partner organisation. Note that it is required only for full awards and not stand alone modules or short programmes for CPD purposes. It is divided into three parts, the first part is considered by the School Executive Board (SEB), the second by the Academic Planning Board (APB), and the third by the School Academic Board (SAB). For further guidance on the Academic Planning Board, refer to the Staff Intranet (internal only)
Programme Approval Form: collaborative partners This form is used to propose a new programme delivered wholly or partially by a collaborative partner organisation. Such programmes may lead either to an award from QMU or a joint or dual degree with another organisation that also has degree awarding powers. It is divided into three parts, the first part is considered by the School Executive Board (SEB), the second by the Academic Planning Board (APB), and the third by the School Academic Board (SAB). For further guidance on the Academic Planning Board, refer to the Staff Intranet (internal only)
Extension to Period of Approval Form Programmes are normally approved for a period of five years. Exceptionally it may be possible to extend the approval period by a year, taking the total period to six years. This is in line with the Scottish Funding Council's requirement for all provision to be reviewed on a maximum cycle of six years.
Validation and Review templates
Templates for Validation and Review Documents are available from the Validation and Review section of this website.
Programme Specification A Programme Specification is required for each programme leading to an award of the University. The Programme Specification is formally approved at the point of validation and reviewed periodically. Programme Specifications are publicly available on the Quality website (link to current Programme Specifications)
Programme Title Change Form Changes to programme titles are considered and approved through the School Academic Board. This needs to happen in advance of the prospectus publication date. For undergraduate programmes this is typically 20 months before the proramme start date, and for postgraduate programmes 15 months.
Programme Withdrawal Form The programme withdrawal form is completed by Heads of Division in order to request withdrawal of a programme. Module Descriptor Form The module descriptor form includes information about the content of the module, learning outcomes and experiences and the assessment pattern. Please refer to the guidelines below when completing the form.
Module Descriptor Form - guidelines for completion Guidelines on completing the module descriptor form. Module Change Form The Module Change form is used to propose new modules or to withdraw, replace or change existing modules.