The subject of growth and decline is a common one among Quakers. I have heard Friends moan for as long as I have been a member about declining numbers, meetings being laid down, and so forth.
Most of the time, I find these statements to be sincere but misguided.
Let's begin with the Society of Friends itself, and the nature of our testimony and mission in the world. (I'm not foolish enough to try to define "nature of our testimony and mission in the world" in one short blog post. I'm going to assume some familiarity with that among my readers, or at least a willingness to Google it and read an article or two on the Net.) What we represent, and especially our foundational declaration of that Light which enlightens all humanity, may have universal applicability, but does not have universal appeal. We may believe that there is that of God in everyone, but not everyone rejoices to hear this.
There are those who could care less about religion or spirituality. A lot of them. I won't venture to propose a percentage, but if we were slicing a pie, it would be a big slice. So set that number off to the side.
Then there are people who are satisfied to remain in the faith in which they grew up. They don't have questions. They aren't seeking something else. I don't blame them. Most of us make many decisions this way, without reflecting that we are doing so. The places we like to live, the clothes we like to wear, the people we like to hang out with, all of these choices are influenced one way or another by the experiences we had as youngsters. Quakerism has always been most successful among Seekers. Most people are not Seekers. Set aside another large slice of pie.
Then there are those who want an authority to tell them what to do, think, feel. That authority could be a priest, it could be a dogma, it could be a ritual, it could be a tradition. Whatever it is, it provides a kind of security that a whole lot of people find sorely lacking in their lives. If they can find it in religion, they grab it and don't let go. Security is the second of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. I have no argument with those who find it in this way. My heart goes out to them. I'm genuinely glad for them. Another large slice of pie, off to the side.
That pie is looking mighty small by now.
Then there are those who are willing to reconsider the faith of their youth, want to find a faith that speaks to them deeply, are willing to risk all to find it, whose particular combination of abilities, character, personality, preference, etc. leads them to find what they are seeking in a branch of the Christian community other than among Friends. I consider Dorothy Day, for instance, as a fellow traveller, but she found what she was seeking in Catholicism. Martin Luther King, Jr., found it in the Baptist church. The Wesleys, Alexander Campbell, and others had to establish their own communions. Emerson and Thoreau, who would have been highly influential Quakers had they chosen that route, found it outside of any organized body. Whitman, who grew up among Friends and remarked to Hamlin Garland in 1888 that "I am a good deal of a Quaker," found it in poetry.
Even less of the pie is left. From where are we to draw thousands of new Friends, as some seem to want to do?
Moving from that strictly quantitative approach, I would like to ask if we are so arrogant as to believe that bunches of folks, already members of churches from Catholicism and the mainstream Protestants, to the Jehovah's Witnesses, Latter Day Saints, and all the little one-horse churches dotting the landscape with names like "God's House of Prayer," will suddenly abandon their former affiliations because, by golly, they've been wrong all along and suddenly realize that they must be Quakers?
To end our consideration of quantity, let me say this: It is odd that such a worldly yardstick should be used to measure a spiritual body. Ad men, Nielsen raters, sports promoters, and the like may well use such a criterion. It is important to the success of their trade. But we are not tradesmen. The profit we seek is not money, fame, prestige or power.
The story of Gideon is instructive. In the 6th chapter of the book of Judges, we learn that God had a task for Gideon to do, to deliver Israel from oppresion. "Pardon me, my Lord," Gideon replied, "but how can I save Israel? My clan is the weakest in Manasseh, and I am the least in my family." The Lord answered, "I will be with you." Gideon was the least of his clan, which was the weakest. It was not his strength or numbers that God wanted, but his faithfulness. God doesn't explain how things will work out, he just says "I will be with you." Trust me. Do what I ask, without attachment to the results. Let me handle the rest.
In Alcoholics Anonymous, the 11th Tradition states that AA is a program of attraction, rather than promotion. What about the program would make it attractive? It is this: people who work the 12 steps have their lives transformed, from the powerlessness, despair and wreckage of alcoholism to a vital spiritual life which is reflected in selfless service to others as well as personal metamorphosis. AA groups in which few members are living the 12 steps in their daily lives tend to be lifeless. Groups in which most people are working the steps are radiant. Anyone who has been around AA long enough can attest to the truth of this.
A friend of mine who pastors a vigorous, spirited church which has grown from a small group to several hundred in a few short years agrees with what I am saying here. It is the health of the vine that counts. If the vine has exuberant good health, it will produce good fruit. In some cases, that may mean numbers. The impact on lives will be seen in how many lives are touched. His church is living proof of that. In other cases, the fruit may be few in number but have an impact which is farther-reaching than might be expected. We have many evidences of that in Quaker history, from Mary Fisher who walked from Greece to Adrianople to meet with the Sultan of Turkey, to the physicist Arthur Stanley Eddington, among whose other accomplishments are included the experimental measurement of the bending of light near the Sun during a solar eclipse which furnished the first real proof of Einstein's theory of general relativity.
I won't say it doesn't matter what the outcome is; it matters very much. I wouldn't want to be interpreted as saying that a little lethargy couldn't hurt. What I am saying is that if we are true to the Light as it is given to each of us, we can safely leave the outcome in the hands of the Great Architect of the Universe.
There are so many things I think of to write about. I don't really know how I select what to focus on. It is not always what seems most important, or even more pressing. Something inside just says, "This. Now." And I pretty much go along with that.
So it is with this post. I have thought a lot about the Quaker testimony of plainness, for many years; probably since I started worshiping with Friends, 40 or so years ago. I don't know why, given some of the other topics that I am working on for this blog, this is the one that has come to the surface for me, but it has.
Most modern Friends talk about simplicity. I get that. That's the way I've talked about it, and thought about it, most often. Simplicity is … well, simple. It doesn't take a lot of explanation, it just needs to be done. I've heard some disagreement about what simplicity might mean in a certain time, at a certain place, but I have never heard any serious disagreement about whether simplicity is desirable or not. I've never heard much disagreement about what it means, in general. I reckon that's a good thing. Seems like there ought to be some stuff that we just agree on without much fuss, when there is so little of that to be found among us.
For instance, as I write, I am deeply saddened by the impending split in Indiana Yearly Meeting, of which I was a member in the 1980's. "Why can't we all just get along?" is not an adequate response. There are real issues of grave importance on both "sides" (and that's one of those other topics I am working on that seem both more important and more urgent than this one).Neither "side" seems to be able to see the profound significance of the other's stance. They are both largely right, about something. They are both terribly wrong, about something. And for some reason, it has come to this: time has run out on trying to bridge those differences and seek mutual understanding and reconciliation.
How can a religious society which professes peace as one of its premier testimonies, be so given to internecine warfare? Oh, that is such a rhetorical question. I know why, or at least a lot of the why. Some of it is to be found in a previous essay called People Are Corruptible.
But the new one, the essay on the split in IYM and what it says about Quakers in general, is still in process. Today, I want to talk about plainness.
So as I said, I've been thinking, praying, meditating, and seeking Light on this matter for 40 years or so. Honestly, during most of that time I've been pretty certain what simplicity meant to me. Some of that hasn't changed. Let's see if I can tease out some of the common threads.
Oh, I need to say more about that? Okay. Materialism is another way of saying greed. Materialism means that I think I can make myself happy with property, money, things. It means that my primary orientation is to what I can own or control, rather than to relationships with others, with intellectual advance, or with spirituality. In practice, I find it means that I am willing to hurt others in order to get the things I want. It means that I am willing to allow my soul to wither so long as I have a big pile of stuff. Social status, affluence, and conspicuous consumption are seen as ultimately desirable, and all other values are given lip service at best, or scorned at worse.
This does not lend itself to serenity, justice, love, or awareness of God's presence in my life.
Humility gets a bad rap in society at large. I almost said "modern society" but from what I can tell of history, it always has. There is a place for a healthy ego; a healthy ego mediates between my Self and the outside world. So far, so good. But when ego starts thinking it IS my self, trouble starts. Ego gets very good at justification, rationalization, blaming, excuse-making, forgetting, making mountains out of molehills, taking things personally, and a whole host of other errors. I call them errors because they are not true; they are what ego makes up to justify having put itself into an unnatural prominence, and to defend itself in that position.
True humility allows me to admit my talents as well as my flaws. Talents, because they were given to me; they don't exalt my ego if I am honest about their real nature. Flaws, because an honest assessment reveals that I have them AND that this is the human condition. Doesn't make me a bad person; just makes me a typical person.
So the practice of simplicity has allowed me to find a way to put these threads together in a way of life. By following a way of life, there is some self-correction that can occur. If I am off base, and if I am honest about observing and understanding what happens to me and around me, I will see that my ideas don't match up to reality, and adjust them accordingly. For instance, if I tell myself I am living simply because I bought a Honda Accord instead of a Lexus, and then meet someone from a Third World country who is thrilled about having a bicycle that doesn't break down, I just might readjust my notions of how simple my life really is.
Time moved on and so did I. When I no longer resided within that community, these things began to feel more like peculiarities than like testimonies. What was their purpose? Was it really to live in that Spirit in which true humility resides, or did it actually call a lot of attention to me and to what a Quakerly guy I was? I did not find that I had to reject the impulses which moved me to make these experiments, nor to regret the style in which the experiments were carried out. What I had to do was realize that outside of community, a fellowship of like-minded others, this way of behaving did not accomplish what I felt called to express.
I gradually moved away from the emphasis on plainness, and back to calling it simplicty. What I had learned, stayed with me, but the perspective underwent a gradual and subtle shift.
Now, thirty years later, I am wondering about the wisdom of that. Many Friends are once again feeling the call to plainness. Do a web search on Convergent Friends and you will find a great deal of discussion going on concerning this topic. Some things are emerging from that discussion, and I think it is productive.
First, I want to say that my suspicion that it takes community to have a real, vital expression of plainness is proving to be accurate. It may be, in our current situation, that this community is more "virtual" than was possible before. People who might never have met can now, through internet social networking media, question each other, support each other, serve as role models for each other. As this discussion grows, and more people engage with the effort, I expect that actual (or "analog") communities will grow, in which people in the same Yearly Meetings (and not just the Conservative ones), or even the same local Meetings, will be practicing plainness together, face to face and not just keyboard to keyboard.
What is plainness, then, and why is it different from simplicity? I am struggling to answer this question, myself. While I find it useful to distinguish the two, it is hard to come up with a pat definition that can withstand all objections. I know this, though: plainness has more to do with trying to be humble than it does with trying to be good. And I think, this time around, I will leave it there. I will have more to say on the subject, as my own journey continues, and I will continue to learn more from the rest of the plain Quaker "community," but for now that will have to do.
In "Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl", Geoffrey Rush's character got a good laugh saying, "It's more of a guideline than a rule." Well, I'm not even at the guideline stage as yet. More of an intuition, really. But that part about humililty: I have a feeling that it lasts.
Let me put this as clearly as I can: Simplicity can used, very easily, as a way to enhance ego, which kills the spirit. Plainness, when practiced in community, makes egocentrism harder to pull off. Not impossible, but harder.
We'll keep thinking, and praying, and meditating, and communicating, and practicing, and it will all evolve in time.


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The Armchair Activist: Kuwait's New Cultural Center is a Success!
Kuwait's New Cultural Center is a Success!
Seven days ago I had the privilege of watching the inaugural ceremony of Kuwait's latest cultural achievement; the Sh. Jaber Al Ahmed Cultural Center, encompassing an Opera house (a first in Kuwait) and a number of other related facilities which - I imagine - will be of immense benefit to the local Performing Arts movement.
I won't go into the details of what this center offers, as I'm sure other bloggers and social butterflies have already written quite a bit (especially those that were invited). I am pleased that Kuwait has such a facility, and I'm looking forward to the day where I'll be able to enjoy this center with my family. I've always wished for something slightly better than a small gallery or makeshift theatre in residential areas. What seems to be a shame is that during the time of the inauguration there were voices out there shouting to close it down - because it went against our Islamic Principles! These ignoramuses made it out as if Islamic Culture and History is completely devoid of any form of Art or Culture, and unfortunately for them, it only shows the extend of their ignorance.
Kuwait has always been a beacon of Cultural and Artistic mastery in the Arab and Islamic World, with events and activities that dated as far back as the 1950's. Whether it's the traditional Fijiri songs of the seafaring pearl divers, the wailing poetry of the Bedouin Arabs complemented by the Rababah, or spiked fiddle, all the way to more modern efforts, such as Kuwaiti Plays and National celebrations, Art was presented in one form or another.
Other countries in the GCC have recently had the advantage of accelerating their Cultural net worth, and they did that by pumping money and/or celebrating mediocrity, redefining the end result as an expression of their uniqueness or cultural might and prowess.
Case in point; Sh Zayed Grand Mosque. It's a beautifully designed mosque, with intricately detailed lines and curves, but peel away it's artificial layers of Marketing & Advertising, it's sill a mosque with a tomb in the middle! As for character or history, it does not come close to the Fatima Mosque in Kuwait. To present artistic finesse, one needs to have an artistic flair to begin with, and that's the secret to Kuwait's cultural ability.
Kuwait had a cultural movement that was - and still is - representative of it's versatility and diversity, that set it apart from the rest of the Arab world, so it's a natural transition for Kuwait to have a Cultural Center such as this one to present and extend it's significance. Our history as the cultural and education trailblazers of the Gulf has allowed us to seek and acquire those things which allow us to articulate and express our love for culture and the arts. That's not being self-centered, it's the truth, and one needs only to consider Kuwait's achievements in the Arts to see it.
This is despite a marked decline in general interest of the Arts in Kuwait. Ever since the Liberation of Kuwait back in 1991, the Kuwaiti society has become increasingly nonshalant about the Arts movement, dangerously superficial and extremely consumer-oriented, leaving behind those elements that are crucial to what makes a society develop and prosper. Personally, I think it's caused by the influx of a temporary (and cheap!) skilled labour force who are more concerned with lining their pockets in the shortest time possible than developing the architectural landscape.
It wasn't like back in the 1950's, when the exodus of Palestinian refugees came to Kuwait and made a permanent life for themselves, thus merging their skills and talents with the local thirst for cultural significance, resulting in such works of art as the current Parliament Building, the current Municipality Council Building in Kuwait City, the Fatima Mosque (yes, again!), the highly efficient matrix of motorways (efficient back then, at least!), Dasman Palace, the list goes on!
One needs imagination - before education - in order to develop an architectural work of art such as the Sh Khalifa Tower in Dubai, or the Kingdom Center in Riyadh, or the Bahrain World Trade Center in Manama. You cannot expect to have imagination thrive within an atmosphere of overt and direct disdain towards the Arts, nor can it thrive under an artificial bedrock of limitless financing.
Money doesn't create a Picasso, nor can it recognize the greatness inherent in the Pyramids of Egypt or the Great Sphinx, nor will it inspire the next DaVinci. To the elites of the world of Arts and Cultural studies, it'll only create enough noise to elicit a slight nod of acknowledgement, and that's all! The point of celebrating the Arts - in my humble opinion - is to see the world through the eyes of the artist, and eventually become provoked in a thought process that would ultimately feed into the betterment of the individual, and by definition, society as a whole.
People in Kuwait - I feel - have developed a taste for the mundane over the thought-provoking. Just listen to the poorly-constructed words in the latest so-called national songs that are bombarding us on TV and Radio and you'll understand what I mean. There's a difference between expressing your love for your country, and your devotion to your leader as a subordinate. Once we regard our leaders as the embodiment of our country, we become enslaved in the self-destructing act of glorifying leadership above all else, and the celebration - and acceptance - of mediocrity as a form of obedience, in contrast to living up to the values of freedom of thought and expression that are representative of a society that lives according to a Constitution.
I hate to think that we've become so desperate - as a society - to seek the approval of the world by buying off and displaying our cultural significance, instead of working towards developing it ourselves.
Even on a governmental level, the picture is bleak! The fact that most government buildings, schools and other government-owned buildings in Kuwait are nothing more than concrete boxes with windows and some stairs is a stark testament to the level of artistic taste of those in Government today. We can be much more creative if we just give ourselves a chance, and believe in our abilities to 'create' art, rather than poorly copy it.
However, all things considered, I believe we're only left with one option; Things will get better, since we can't get worse than this! Hopefully, this latest message by the government to the stone-aged Arts-hating people will ring loud and clear, Kuwaiti love for art and culture is making a comeback, and Kuwaiti Artists will have their chance to make Kuwait a beacon of Culture and Free-thought once again, and to hell with the naysayers!


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Home/Victims/Siavash Ghafouri Azar
Siavash Ghafouri Azar
Siavash Passed Through the Fire
Siavash was born in late 1984, the youngest son in the family and the third child, with a brother and a sister older than himself.
"Give him an Iranian name." And they did, a name from the Persian Book of Kings. Siavash was a rider of black warhorses, a hero who passed through fire. We never thought the day would come when we'd have to mourn him.
After he finished his primary and high school years in Tehran, Siavash went to Gilan University for a degree in mechanical engineering. It was 2007, the same year in which he left his family. It wasn't easy to be away from his father, mother, brother and sister. This was a man who said 'I love you all' with such ease, and was so generous in gestures and kindnesses. If there were obstacles in his path, he'd move them aside and never lose hope. He wanted to emigrate after graduation. And after so much hard work, he got what he wanted.
"The scholarship came. Concordia University. Montreal."
His family didn't know whether to rejoice or be worried. Siavash wanted to go but relations between Iran and Canada were poor. They had killed Zahra Kazemi, an Iranian-Canadian photojournalist, in Evin Prison and the case had hit the stone wall of the Iranian judiciary.
"They didn't give me a visa. Look. This says I was rejected. Relations are bad."
Siavash now learned German. He wanted to try Europe this time and again, he was successful, getting an offer from the University of Vienna.
"The visa has to come before tomorrow. Yes, the suitcases are packed. If the visa doesn't come, I'll get conscripted."
The visa didn't come. When it did, he was called upon for his mandatory military service. A top student in mechanical engineering was given a traffic officer's uniform and sent out to fine cars on the old Karaj road.
"They want me to finish this booklet of tickets before nightfall. Why? Why should I accept doing this?"
Siavash finished his military service in hatred and misery. He stayed for another two years in Iran and learnt his fourth language, French, while also holding down a job. He did not want to wait any longer. He got another offer for a masters degree in mechanical engineering and left for Canada in 2014.
"Now everything is real. I am going. I am saying goodbye for real this time."
He left for Canada. He had already bid farewell to many of his friends. His brother was in Canada already, and his sister was set to join them. It hadn't been easy for them to say goodbye to Siavash: a bright young man full of camaraderie and innocence. But he did leave Iran. Waiting for him on the other side was not only a new land, but love.
At university, Siavash met Sara Mammani, another PS752 passenger. They finished school together. In the last year, Siavash got his dream job in an airplane engine factory. All that remained was to buy a house nearby.
"This is a good house. Beautiful trees. From the living room, you can see the street. What do you think, Sara?"
They bought the house. All the hard work of the years before now bore fruit. In the new land, Siavash was happy and satisfied. He had no issues with his employer. He was friends with his neighbor. He could see his brother and sister whenever he wanted. They were going to get married and planned to do it in Iran in late 2019, because Sara's mother was sick and might not make it through to next year.
"Don't go," Siavash's father said, "These are not good days. I am worried." The November protests were only just dying down at the time.
"It's only for two weeks. Two weeks! And where are we going? It's where we grew up."
Siavash was disciplined in both work and life. Just like he didn't want to dish out traffic fines with no reason, he didn't want to mess up the details of a plane engine. He didn't like the dry branches of the trees in the house to go untrimmed. He was careful in choosing the flight and the plane. He was precise in everything. The Ukrainian Airlines had a Boeing. It was a three-year-old plane.
"It won't be dangerous. We'll take this one."
He had become a Canadian citizen just a few months ago. Siavash cared about his papers and kept checking them. In the pictures that were published in the first days after the downing of the plane by the missiles, you could see a burnt passport picture of Siavash. A passport that was never given to his family. Just like the sealed coffin, no one knew what it had to do with him.
"The coffin is sealed. You can't look inside."
Siavash's parents have large pictures of their children and their respective bride and their groom on their wall. "Soon you'll have a large picture of Sara and I on the same wall," Siavash used to say. "Mother! Get ready. I'll be sending you a big picture."
The wedding finished, and they did take pictures; pictures that would not find their way onto social media. Siavash didn't want that. He hated fame. He just wanted one picture for the wall of his parents' house, a big picture of Sara and himself, next to his brother, next to his sister. Next to the grandkids. A picture in which they are happy, beaming, having the best night of their lives.
After saying goodbye at Sara's house, he called his mother. "Come back! The photos are ready in the size I wanted them. Now you just have to frame them. I don't know why but I didn't get to see you enough this time and I can't let go, even though I know I'll see you soon in Canada!"
Siavash and his wife took their seats on the plane. He said he wouldn't come back again. Before the flight, his sister called him: "Siavash! Iran's skies are not safe. The flights must be cancelled. Dear God, I beg you, don't get on that plane."
No one could convince Siavash to come back. No one could convince 175 others onboard go back. Because no one could guess that a mobile air defense unit, not connected to the national network, was standing guard a few kilometers away, like a ruthless hunter, looking to the Ukrainian airliner, readying its weapon, preparing to drench the blue skies in blood, in cries, in fear.
"I promise to call as soon as I get to Kiev."
This was Siavash's last conversation with his sister before the plane took off. In his suitcase, he had an Iranian carpet, gold, the wedding gifts and some local nuts: souvenirs of Iran. He was bringing gifts back for his friends and neighbors with which they planned to decorate their homes.
Siavash passed through the fire, but no one saw him come out the other side. When the pilot said "I see the light of a missile", Siavash squeezed his wife's hand and looked down at the on-off lights of a city that hadn't been kind to him.
When they collected their mobile phones – only to never give them back – a picture caught the attention of one of the soldiers. It was the cover of Jose Saramago's Blindness, Siavash's cover photo on his mobile phone for the last ten years. A novel about blindness, taking place in an imaginary city racked by a terrible disease. A city losing its conscience, in which it has become commonplace to commit crime. A city that has become a prisoner of darkness.
Siavash loved light. With the Blindness cover on his phone, he wanted to remind himself of how much he hated the dark. They shot down his plane and they stole his burnt passport and his mobile phone. Saramago's Blindness didn't disturb their conscience. The pictures of himself and his wife were passed all over the internet, bringing useless cries in their wake. But for those who don't forget, Siavash was not forgotten. He was supposed to come back home but he didn't. He was supposed to decorate his house but he never did. Siavash went to pass through the fire, but his family burned instead.
Writer: Dariush Ghafouri Azar
Translator: Arash Azizi
Editor: Hannah Somerville
With the support of iranwire.com
Born: 1984 Age: 35 Residence: Canada
Relatives in Flight
Sara Mamani ( Wife )

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Bristol F.2 Fighter was a British two-seat biplane fighter and reconnaissance aircraft of the First World War flown by the Royal Flying Corps. It is often simply called the Bristol Fighter or popularly the "Brisfit" or "Biff". Despite being a two-seater, the F.2B proved to be an agile aircraft that was able to hold its own against opposing single-seat fighters. Having overcome a disastrous start to its career, the F.2B's solid design ensured that it remained in military service into the 1930s, and surplus aircraft were popular in civil aviation.
The Bristol fighter's basic design stemmed from design studies by Frank Barnwell in March 1916 for an aircraft intended, like the R.E.8 and the F.K.8, as possible replacements for the B.E.2c – the Type 9 R.2A with the 160 hp Beardmore engine and the R.2B, powered by the 150 hp Hispano Suiza. Neither type was built, as the new 190 hp (142 kW) Rolls-Royce Falcon inline engine became available, and Barnwell designed a new aircraft around the Rolls-Royce engine. This, the Type 12 F.2A was a more compact design, intended from the outset as a replacement for the F.E.2d and Sopwith 1½ Strutter two-seat fighters: it first flew on 9 September 1916. The F.2A was armed in what had by then become the standard manner for a British two-seater: one synchronised fixed, forward-firing .303 in (7.7 mm) Vickers machine gun, and one flexible .303 in (7.7 mm) Lewis Gun mounted on a Scarff ring in the observer's rear cockpit. This remained the standard armament.
Only 52 F.2As were produced before production switched to what became the definitive Bristol Fighter, the Bristol Type 14 F.2B which had first flown on 25 October 1916. The first 150 or so were powered by the Falcon I or Falcon II engine but the remainder were equipped with the 275 hp (205 kW) Falcon III engine and could reach a maximum speed of 123 mph (198 km/h). The F.2B was over 10 mph (16 km/h) faster than the F.2A and was three minutes faster at reaching 10,000 ft (3,000 m).
F.2Bs often carried a second Lewis gun on the rear cockpit mounting, although observers found the weight of the twin Lewis gun mounting difficult to handle in the high altitudes at which combat increasingly took place in the last year of the war. A number of attempts were made to add forward firing Lewis guns on a Foster mounting or similar on the upper wing - either instead of, or in addition to the Vickers gun. Unfortunately this caused interference with the pilot's compass, which was mounted on the trailing edge of the upper wing. Some F.2Bs were fitted with a Lewis gun offset to starboard to minimise this effect.
The Bristol M.R.1 is often described as an "all-metal version of the F.2b". In fact it was a totally new design – although it shared the characteristic of having the fuselage positioned between the upper and lower wing. Two prototypes were built, the first flying on 23 October 1917, but the M.R.1 never entered mass production.
Rolls-Royce aero engines of all types were in chronic short supply in this period, and the Falcon was no exception. Plans to make the Bristol Fighter the standard British two-seater, replacing the R.E.8 and F.K.8, stalled against this barrier; there simply were not enough Falcons available. Efforts to find an available powerplant that was sufficiently powerful and reliable ultimately failed.
The Type 16 was fitted with a 200 hp (150 kW) Hispano-Suiza engine. This worked better than the Arab – but the Hispano-Suiza availability was no better than for the Falcon, and the motors that were available were required for the S.E.5a and Sopwith Dolphin. The 300 hp (220 kW) version of the Hispano-Suiza, suggested for the Type 17 was not available in numbers before the end of the war.
The Type 22 was a proposed version adapted for a radial or rotary engine; either a 200 hp (150 kW) Salmson radial, a 300 hp (220 kW) ABC Dragonfly radial (Type 22A), or a 230 hp (170 kW) Bentley B.R.2 rotary (Type 22B). The type number was eventually used for the Bristol F.2C Badger, a totally new design.
The United States Army Engineering Division had plans to develop and build an American version of the Bristol Fighter. However, efforts to start production in the United States floundered due to the mistaken decision to power the type with the 400 hp (298 kW) Liberty L-12 engine. The Liberty was a totally unsuitable engine for the Bristol, as it was far too heavy and bulky, the resulting aircraft being nose heavy, and only 27 of the planned 2,000 were built. Efforts to change the powerplant of American Bristol Fighters to the more suitable Liberty 8 or the 300 hp (224 kW) Wright-Hisso came up against political as well as technical problems. Only one each of the Hispano-engined Engineering Division USB-1A and the Liberty L-8-engined Engineering Division USB-1B were built.
When fitted with a new plywood monocoque fuselage designed by the Engineering Division of the US Army Air Service and powered by a Wright-Hispano engine, the US-built Bristol Fighter was known as the XB-1A. Three prototypes were built by the Engineering division at McCook Field, with a further 44 aircraft built by the Dayton-Wright Company.
Postwar developments of the F.2B included the Type 14 F.2B Mk II, a two-seat army co-operation biplane, fitted with desert equipment and a tropical cooling system, which first flew in December 1919. 435 were built. The Type 96 Fighter Mk III and Type 96A Fighter Mk VI were structurally strengthened aircraft, of which 50 were built in 1926–1927.
A Bristol F.2B Fighter of No. 1 Squadron, Australian Flying Corps flown by Ross Smith in Palestine, February 1918.
The arrival of the F.2A on the Western Front was deliberately timed for April 1917, as the British launched the Battle of Arras. In the event, this month became known as Bloody April: casualties were high throughout the RFC, and initially the Bristol fighter was no exception. At this period, contemporary two-seater aircraft were far less nimble than fighter aircraft, and many types lacked the structural strength to carry out the aggressive manoeuvres needed for dogfighting. The first "Brisfit" aircrews were accustomed to the standard doctrine of maintaining formation and using the crossfire of the observers' guns to counter enemy fighter aircraft.
The very first F.2A patrol of six aircraft from No. 48 Squadron RFC, led by Victoria Cross recipient William Leefe Robinson, ran into five Albatros D.IIIs from Jasta 11 led by Manfred von Richthofen. Four out of the six F.2As were shot down – including Robinson's; he was captured – and a fifth was badly damaged.
Pilots soon realised that the Bristol Fighter was a strong and agile aircraft, capable of manoeuvring with single seat fighters. If its fixed forward firing gun was used as the primary weapon, the observer could use his flexible, rear mounted gun to provide protection for the aircraft's tail. Flown in this manner, the Bristol Fighter proved a formidable opponent for German fighters.
In September and October 1917, orders for 1,600 F.2Bs were placed, and by the end of the First World War the Royal Air Force had 1,583 F.2Bs in squadron service. A total of 5,329 aircraft were eventually built, mostly by Bristol but also by Standard Motors, Armstrong Whitworth and even the Cunard Steamship Company. After the war, F.2Bs continued to operate in army cooperation and light bombing roles throughout the British Empire, in particular the Middle East, India and China. The F.2B also served with the New Zealand Permanent Air Force and RAAF as well as with the air forces of Belgium, Canada, Ireland, Greece, Mexico, Norway, Peru, Spain and Sweden. It was not until 1932 that the F.2B was finally withdrawn from RAF service, the last "Brisfit" unit being No. 20 Squadron RAF stationed in India. The type lasted a further three years in New Zealand.
In 1920 Poland bought 107 Bristol Fighters, thus becoming the second largest user of this type (105 with Hispano-Suiza 300 hp/220 kW engines, two with RR Falcon III). It was most numerous Polish aircraft type at that time. Forty were used during the Polish-Soviet war from July 1920, among others in Battle of Warsaw, for reconnaissance and close air support. The rest became operational only after hostilities. Two were shot down by ground fire, one was captured by the Soviets and several were lost in crashes. The survivors served in Poland for reconnaissance and training until 1932.
Afghan Air Force operated three aircraft from 1919 and retired them by 1929.
Australian Flying Corps operated the Bristol Fighter from 1917 to 1918.
New Zealand Permanent Air Force operated seven Bristol F.2B Fighters from 1919 to 1936. During its 16 years of service with the NZPAF, it was used as an Army Co-operation, aerial-survey and advanced training aircraft.
Norwegian Army Air Service purchased 5 aircraft in 1922.
Polish Air Force operated 107 Bristol F.2B Fighters in 1920–1932.
Soviet Air Force - Two aircraft.
Royal Yugoslav Air Force – One aircraft only.
The Shuttleworth Collection contains one airworthy F.2B Fighter, identity D8096, that still flies during the English summer.
The Canada Aviation and Space Museum, in Rockcliffe, Ontario, owns a second example, D-7889.
The New Zealand film director Peter Jackson owns D-8084, which flies from the Hood Aerodrome, In Masterton, New Zealand. The Aviation Heritage Centre, In Omaka, N.Z., holds a second, original fuselage.
Engineers at Rolls-Royce, Airbus and GKN Aerospace-Filton have also built a full-scale replica F.2B in celebration of 100 years of aircraft manufacture at Filton Bristol, where the original fighters were designed and built.
↑ Bruce 1965, p. 97.
↑ Barnes 1964, p. 106.
↑ Bruce Air Enthusiast Thirty-five, pp. 43–45.
↑ 5.0 5.1 Bruce 1952, p. 591.
↑ Wegg 1990, pp. 37–38.
↑ Bruce 1952, p. 588.
↑ 8.0 8.1 Kopański 2001, pp. 11–40.
↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 Holmes Aeroplane June 2015, p. 91.
↑ Shuttleworth Collection – Bristol F.2B Retrieved: 26 October 2010.
↑ Canada Aviation and Space Museum – Bristol F.2B Retrieved: 26 October 2010.
↑ "News and Press: Bristol Fighter." bac2010.co.uk. Retrieved: 21 June 2010.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bristol F.2 Fighter.
This page was last modified on 30 November 2015, at 09:11.


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The world of Chilling Adventures of Sabrina is complicated — and not just because of the convoluted bureaucracy of the Church of Night and prejudices within both the mortal and witch communities. We're just talking about the language! All those Latin spells, Satanic statements, and witchy words are tough to keep track of, let alone pronounce or — Dark Lord forbid — spell.
That's why we decided to put Chilling Adventures of Sabrina star Gavin Leatherwood to the test. We had Leatherwood, who plays Sabrina's (Kiernan Shipka) warlock love interest Nick Scratch, face off against TV Guide Senior Social Media Producer Lauren Zupkus in a Sabrina spelling bee to see who really knows this world best: an actual actor from the successful series or some girl from New Jersey who came in second place in her fifth grade spelling bee. That's right. She didn't even win.
So can Leatherwood take down his competition by proving his superior spelling knowledge of words like grimoire, Lupercalia, and somnambulist? Can anyone actually spell somnambulist? What even is a somnambulist? Check out the video above to find out!


text:
layout: page
title: Alpha Solutions Dinner
date: 2016-05-24
author: Mary Barrera
tags: weekly links, java
status: published
summary: Suspendisse quis cursus nisl. Nunc.
banner: images/banner/leisure-03.jpg
booking:
  startDate: 07/18/2019
  endDate: 07/20/2019
  ctyhocn: MIFPLHX
  groupCode: ASD
published: true
---
Nunc eu neque facilisis ligula malesuada faucibus. Donec tristique placerat nisi. Mauris sed consequat massa. Nullam faucibus auctor maximus. Cras condimentum convallis sapien. Pellentesque a dictum eros. Nam mollis ex vel lectus faucibus rutrum. Ut fringilla leo et convallis pellentesque. Nullam maximus risus ut facilisis tempus. In euismod tristique commodo.

* Maecenas ut neque at diam gravida vestibulum et sed mi
* Fusce at ipsum et ligula rutrum hendrerit
* Sed eleifend urna eget nisi vulputate ullamcorper
* Aliquam eleifend urna ut mi lobortis rhoncus
* Curabitur bibendum diam vitae ornare tempor
* Praesent quis enim ultrices, viverra enim eget, consequat risus.

Cras eu imperdiet justo. Donec vitae eros sed magna viverra finibus. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Sed non tellus ac nunc venenatis sagittis iaculis ut neque. Vestibulum laoreet mi at tempor efficitur. Curabitur quis orci pretium, posuere leo at, euismod elit. Nulla nibh urna, aliquet ac rutrum ac, porta eget sapien.

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text:
(Canada) Egg and Milk Allergy Alert: Yum Yum Food Sui Mai | Kids With Food Allergies
(Canada) Egg and Milk Allergy Alert: Yum Yum Food Sui Mai
KFA News Team 2/10/139:34 AM
Yum Yum Food brand Sui Mai recalled due to undeclared egg and milk.
OTTAWA, February 9, 2013 - The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) and Yum Yum Food are warning people with allergies to egg or milk not to consume, and retailers not to sell, the Yum Yum Food brand Sui Mai product described below. The affected product contains egg and milk which are not declared on the label.
The affected product, Yum Yum Food brand Sui Mai, is sold frozen in 228 g packages bearing UPC 8 30121 10017 0. All codes of the product are affected.
This product has been distributed in Ontario.
There has been one reported reaction associated with the consumption of this product.
Consumption of this product may cause a serious or life-threatening reaction in persons with allergies to egg or milk.
The manufacturer, Yum Yum Food, Toronto, Ontario is voluntarily recalling the affected product from the marketplace. The CFIA is monitoring the effectiveness of the recall.
For more information, consumers and industry can call one of the following numbers:
Yum Yum Food at 416-297-0688; CFIA at 1-800-442-2342 /TTY 1-800-465-7735 (8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. Eastern time, Monday to Friday).
KFA News TeamStaff
Updated to include 2 more food items.
OTTAWA, February 11, 2013 – The public warning issued on February 9, 2013 has been updated to include two additional products.
The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) and Yum Yum Food are warning people with allergies to egg or milk not to consume, and retailers not to sell, the Yum Yum Food brand Shrimp Wonton and Shrimp Dumpling products described below. The affected products contain egg and milk which are not declared on the label.
All codes of the following Yum Yum Food brand products, which are sold frozen, are affected by this alert:
Shrimp Wonton
200 g 8 30121 10015 6
Shrimp Dumpling
These products have been distributed in Ontario.
There have been no reported reactions associated with the consumption of these products.
Consumption of these products may cause a serious or life-threatening reaction in persons with allergies to egg or milk.
The manufacturer, Yum Yum Food, Toronto, Ontario is voluntarily recalling the affected products from the marketplace. The CFIA is monitoring the effectiveness of the recall.
Yum Yum Food at 416-297-0688;CFIA at 1-800-442-2342 / TTY 1-800-465-7735 (8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. Eastern time, Monday to Friday).


text:
Q: converting all elements of an RDD[string] to float in scala I'm trying to convert all the values of RDD[string] to float
The RDD contains data similar to this
15.994
1.008
4.9594
an so on
RDD is in RDD[string] format.
I need to calculate the sum of all these values and hence need to convert them into float.
I found a code for this problem in python, but I need it in scala
python code :
     val massData1 = [map(float,i) for i in massData]

massData is the RDD[string]
Can anyone please tell me how I can add all the values in the RDD [string] by converting them into float.

A: Suppose you have an strRDD which contains string, do transform as below:
val doubleRDD = strRDD.map(_.toFloat)

Then add them up:
val result = doubleRDD.reduce(_ + _)

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In a recent post, I asked about favorite children's books that can be sung. "Love You Forever" by Robert Munsch is one of my favorites. When my daughter was in second grade, her grade level held a Mother's Day Tea and presented a reading of the book with the refrain sung by the children. I can say there were a lot of tissues used in that short presentation. It is still brings a smile to my face when I see this book. As it talks about love of a parent and child, it is one that is easy to relate with whether you are young or you are old. Why not share it with a child?


This is a guest post by the wonderful holistic nutritionist, Teri Mosey. She has been a much valued contributor to fitness and wellbeing journals and media, especially in the US.
When most people think of food, the conversation commonly goes towards calories, carbs or protein. What if a different conversation arose and you asked how does food nourish all of me; body, mind and soul?
Welcome to the world of holistic nutrition.
Holistic nutrition, practiced for thousands of years, sees food as a healer, nurturer and way of life. Foods goes beyond the calorie, having energetic characteristics that interact with your bio-field; more specifically, the chakras. Chakras are vortexes of Universal energy that run up and down your spine regulating your life force energy or qi. This energy is what gives the gift of life. With that said, chakras are the link between your energetic and physical beings, and the universal consciousness.
What does that mean? Each chakra vibrates at a particular frequency that impacts specific biological processes. For example, your heart chakra energy influences the health of your heart, lungs, cardiac nerve plexuses and thymus gland. Each chakra has a level of consciousness it reflects; with underlying universal life lessons. Your personal journey, all that you are meant to experience and learn in this lifetime is tucked into your biology!
A way to identify these lessons and discover your true nature is through your relationship to food. The link between food traits and chakras comes from sharing the same vibrational energies, corresponding physiological systems and your behaviors around the act of eating. Let's look at the heart chakra; surrounded around the theme of love. Universal life lessons in love can be experienced through gratitude, acceptance, compassion and forgiveness; of yourself and others. These lessons around love manifest in heart and lung illnesses, making food choices that nourish the heart and strengthen the lungs at the forefront to foods for the heart chakra.
Food and eating strategies to nourish the flow of energy to the heart chakra begins with emphasizing a plant based dietary pattern. Plants are loaded with phytonutrients; health promoting compounds that assist the body's self healing abilities while altering gene expression. Begin by adding colorful root vegetables, legumes and the grain quinoa to your dietary pattern. Two qualities that specifically vibrate with the heart chakra energies are green color foods and the flavor bitter. So add cruciferous vegetables such as Brussels sprouts, cabbage, rapini and bok choy into your weekly meals. Add those bitter leafy greens like arugula, watercress and lacinato kale to the mix. Daily! Instead of raw, place them under a little heat, wilting them. This makes nutrients more bioavailable and keeps your digestion happy. In recipe terms, explore a soba noodle soup, an adzuki bean stew, roasted root vegetables, a wilted green salad or a grilled veggie quinoa salad. The options are endless. Just keep in the plant family with a heavy presence of greens! And while you're at it; add a little pungent flavor to these dishes, in the form of scallions, garlic or leeks. They help keep the lungs clear!
While in the kitchen which can become your space of active meditation, put on your favorite tunes and hum along as you cook! Humming deepens your breath and lowers your heart rate; perfect additional nourishment for the heart energies. Cooking a meal for yourself shows self-love, share it with others and you are expanding the vibration!
The chakras become a bridge between your soul and physical being, with an invitation to use your relationship to food as a way to discover your most authentic self. What an amazing opportunity. Are you up for it?
Here's a VEGAN, heart chakra nourishing Spinach & Artichoke Pizza with garlic sauce. If that's not your cup of chai, have a Quinoa and Potato Crust pizza (also vegan!) You're welcome!


text:
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HBO head of programming Casey Bloys revealed that the series is not dead and that they are hoping for a third season. If a third season happens it's likely someone else will write as Nic Pizzolatto has been working on other projects for HBO but he could supervise
7/30/2016, 1:39 pm Share Link to this post Send Email to Rogue9a Send PM to Rogue9a MSN Yahoo Blog
The Hollywood Reporter has revealed that a Third Season is underway with Series creator Nic Pizzolatto teaming with Deadwood creator David Milch to develop the show.
The News comes nearly 2 years after Season 2 ended it's polarizing run and seemingly ending the series.
Season 3 is a go with Mahershala Ali staring and Nic Pizzolatto making his directing debut. Pizzolatto has also written the season and will be joined by Jeremy Saulnier who will also direct the season.
The Season's mystery will be set in the heart of the Ozarks and span decades and will play out in 3 separate time periods. Ali will play Wayne Hays, a state police detective from Northwest Arkansas
Stephen Dorff has been cast to play Roland West, an Arkansas State Investigator and partner to Ali's character
1/3/2018, 10:27 pm Share Link to this post Send Email to Rogue9a Send PM to Rogue9a MSN Yahoo Blog
Cyborg is coming to the Ozarks, Ray Fisher has been cast to be a series regular joining Mahershala Ali and Stephen Dorff, as well as Carmen Ejogo, Scoot McNairy, and Mamie Gummer who have all recently joined the cast.
Also joining the series in recurring roles; The Purge's Rhys Wakefield, Michael Greyeyes of Fear the Walking Dead, and The Closer's Jon Tenney.
Fisher will play Freddy Burns, the son of Ali's Wayne Hays while Wakefield will play Henry Hays, Greyeyes will play Brett Woodard and Tenney will play Alan Jones.
Jeremy Saulnier has dropped out after 2 episodes, Daniel Sackheim has stepped in to take his place. HBO had blamed scheduling issues for the change. Saulnier was supposed to split directing duties with Pizzolatto but now Sackheim will split duties with Pizzolatto.
4/2/2018, 2:19 pm Share Link to this post Send Email to Rogue9a Send PM to Rogue9a MSN Yahoo Blog
Season 3 will premiere Sunday, January 13
Mahershala Ali, Carmen Ejogo, Stephen Dorff, Ray Fisher, Michael Greyeyes, Jon Tenney, Deborah Ayorinde, Rhys Wakefield, Sarah Gadon, Emily Nelson, Brandon Flynn, Michael Graziadei, Josh Hopkins, Jodi Balfour and Mamie Gummer are all set to appear in the series
10/14/2018, 4:32 pm Share Link to this post Send Email to Rogue9a Send PM to Rogue9a MSN Yahoo Blog


When it pertains to applying for a job, there is just one means to tackle it and that is to start with a resume, your intro to your possible company. The resume will make or damage your possibilities considering that the individual doing the working with likely has no idea that you are and also will certainly choose whether to provide you a meeting based upon first impressions as well as if you do not have a quality resume, you'll never ever hear back as well as never obtain a chance to fulfill the manager face to face.
Undoubtedly you won't be able to get in the door without a good resume. You have got to remember that any type of possible press reporter is filtering through loads of resumes if it is for an across the country promoted setting. The majority of them look the same, so it is important that you see to it that your resume is the one that sticks out. It does not mean using various type of paper or ink, it's almost having the appropriate words. When you mail or email that resume it will certainly mark the first time the prospective employer will certainly understand who you are. They will certainly likewise be fulfilling lots of other prospects for the very first time.
Present all get in touch with details at the top of the page in letterhead kind, making it fast as well as simple for the prospective employer to place. They do not wish to need to browse throughout the page for the details. They wish to have the ability to check swiftly as well as see what they are searching for. Have subject headings, such as "skills" and "education and learning" in vibrant to ensure that the company can easily find it. Prevent showy images or shades. These are not needed on a professional resume, also if you are making an application for a kindergarten educator. The recipients of your resume are not amused or pleased by flashy colors and pictures.
Never ever, ever before, use greater than one page with your resume. You might have a great deal of achievements and also factors you assume you are the right person for the work, but so do all of the other candidates. The person doing the hiring is not going to lose his/her time reading the unique you have actually blogged about on your own. It could not be simple to weed some points out, yet it depends on you to figure it out.
Make certain your resume does, however, have every one of the information you believe they will need to make an appropriate analysis of your credentials and abilities. As soon as you have an adequate resume, you must be sure to use at work that you receive. Do not violate on your own and also enter a setting you are not received, or one that might underwhelm you. Being burnt out at your job is an excellent way to drive yourself towards giving up. Think and also intend ahead, applying for positions that will fascinate you which you have the skills to do well.
We have the ability to get jobs online, which is a great course to take, specifically when gas rates are high and going from work to task may not be feasible. Whatever route you take, prepare on your own for your meetings by knowing your industry, knowing your abilities and also not being afraid to venture out there as well as reveal what you can do.


text:
Hadith ~ He who believes in Allah and the Last Day
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (May Allah exalt his mention and protect him from imperfection) said: "He who believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him be hospitable to his guest; and he who believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him maintain good the ties of blood relationship; and he who believes in Allah and the Last Day, must speak good or remain silent". (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)
Commentary: This hadith is mentioned here to highlight the importance of kindness to relatives. It enjoins considerate treatment to relatives and stresses that one should maintain relationship with them at all costs. So much so that even if they misbehave and sever relations with him, one should make efforts to restore not only relationship with them but also their rights. This is what kindness to relatives really means. Islam has laid great stress on it. Relatives include both paternal and maternal relatives.
Chapter 40, Page 105, No 314
Categories HadithLeave a comment
Hadith ~ Do not get angry
April 29, 2013 April 29, 2013 by Salaat Time
Mu'adh bin Anas (MAPH) reported: The Prophet (SAWS) said: "The one who suppresses anger and has the power to give effect to it, will be called out by Allah, the Exalted, to the forefront of the creatures on the Day of Resurrection and he will be asked to choose any of the Hur of his liking". (Abu Dawud and At-Tirmidhi)
Abu Hurairah (MAPH) reported: "A man asked the Prophet (SAWS) for an advice and the Prophet (SAWS) said: "Do not get angry". The man repeated that several times and he replied: "Do not get angry". (Al-Bukhari)
1. Rage which is declared objectionable is the one which concerns worldly affairs but that which is for Allah and His religion, that is to say, which occurs on the violation of the Injunctions of Allah, is meritorious and essential.
2. Anyone who gets furious quickly should be advised again and again to control his anger so that he becomes concious of this weakness and tries to overcome it.
3. Rage is a means of fulfillment of satanic aims; so it is a great evil and people are advised to make every effort to prevent themselves from this satanic device.
4. The Hadith mentions the distinction and reward of self-control of a man who, in spite of being powerful and having the means to avenge, suppresses his fage and does not exercise his power.
SAWS: May Allah exalt his mention and protect him from imperfection
MAPH: May Allah be pleased with him
Hadith 1: Chapter 3, Page 20, No 47
Hadith ~ A person who used to loan money
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (May Allah exalt his mention and protect him from imperfection) said: "There was a person who used to loan money to the people and he used to say to his servant: "When an insolvent person comes to you, show him leniency so that Allah may forbear our faults." So when he met Allah (i.e., when he died), Allah forgave him." (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)
Chapter 240, Page 393, No 1370
Hadith ~ Which charity is the most rewardable?
March 11, 2013 March 11, 2013 by Salaat Time
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: There came a man to the Prophet (SAWS) and said: "O Messenger of Allah, which charity is the most rewardable?" The Prophet (SAWS) said: "That you should give charity (in a state when you are) healthy and stingy and fear of poverty, hoping to become rich (charity in such a state of health and mind is the best). And you must not defer (charity to such a length) that you are about to die and would be saying: "This is for so-and-so, and this for so-and-so." Lo! It has already come into (the possession of) so-and-so". (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)
Commentary: Charity in the real sense is that which a person gives when he is healthy. If a person gives charity when he is facing death, it does not have much value before Allah. This injunction is an inducement for people to hurry in doing good deeds, especially in the matter of alms and charity. In fact, he should do it without delay.
Chapter 10, Page 35, No 90
Hadith ~ If a single person is guided
February 22, 2013 by Salaat Time
Sahl bin Sa'd (MAPH) reported: The Prophet (SAWS) said to Ali (MAPH), "By Allah, if a single person is guided by Allah through you, it will be better for you than a whole lot of red camels." (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)
Abu Hurairah (MAPH) reported: The Messenger of Allah (SAWS) said: "He who calls others to follow the Right Guidance will have a reward equal to the reward of those who follow him, without their reward being diminished in any respect on that account." (Muslim)
Commentary: "Better for you than red camels" is an allegory for everything that is better than anything else. Red camels used to be precious in Arabia, and their reference here is to highlight the value of guidance. Thus, this Hadith brings into prominence the importance of calling people towards Allah. But before calling others to the path of Allah, one must himself know it, and for this purpose, the knowledge of the Quran and Hadith is essential because one cannot provide any guidance in this respect without this knowledge.
The second Hadith has glad tidings for those who learn knowledge of religion, teach it and impart it to others.
Hadith 1: Chapter 241, Page 395, No 1379
Hadith ~ An expiation for his past sins
Abu Hurairah (MAPH) reported: The Messenger of Allah (SAWS) said: "The five (daily) Salat (prayers) and the Friday (prayer) to the Friday (prayer) expiate whatever (minor sins) may be committed in between, so long as major sins are avoided." (Muslim)
Uthman bin Affan (MAPH) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (SAWS) saying: "When the time for a prescribed Salat is due and a Muslim performs its Wudu' and its acts of bowing and prostration properly, this Salat will be an expiation for his past sins, so long as he does not commit major sins, and this applies for ever." (Muslim)
Commentary: The first Hadith elucidates that the minor sins committed during the interval of the five prescribed Salat and in the period intervening between one Jumu'ah and the other are pardoned with the performance of the five-time prescribed Salat and the Jumu'ah prayer, provided one does not commit major sins which are not forgiven without repentance. Sins like Shirk (associating someone with Allah in worship), disobedience of parents, false oath, false evidence, encroachment on an orphan's property, calumny against chaste women, etc., fall in the category of major sins and will not be forgiven by means of Salat only.
The second Hadith stresses the importance of performing Salat with all its essential prerequisites, i.e. Wudu' and concentration of mind. Such a Salat will expiate the sins.
Hadith ~ You will not enter Jannah until you believe
January 15, 2013 by Salaat Time
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (May Allah exalt his mention and protect him from imperfection) said: "By Him in Whose Hand my soul is! You will not enter Jannah until you believe, and you shall not believe until you love one another. May I inform you of something, if you do, you love each other. Promote greeting amongst you (by saying As-salamu 'alaikum to one another)". (Muslim)
Commentary: In this Hadith, Islam has been regarded as the medium of mutual love. This is the reason Muslims have been enjoined to greet each other regardless of acquaintance. It does not, however, mean that a Muslim will be a true believer or entitled to Jannah, by mere greeting. What it really means is that his Faith will become meaningful only when it is supported by actions. Greeting is an Islamic custom and a practical form and demonstration of it. The combination of Faith and its practice will take a Muslim to Jannah.
Categories Hadith2 Comments
Hadith ~ Do not desert (stop talking to) one another
December 26, 2012 by Salaat Time
Anas bin Malik (MAPH) said: The Messenger of Allah (SAWS) said: "Do not desert (stop talking to) one another, do not nurse hatred towards one another, do not be jealous of one another, and become as fellow brothers and slaves of Allah. It is not lawful for a Muslim to stop talking to his brother (Muslim) for more than three days." (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)
Commentary: "Hijran" means to terminate contacts and speech. All the things mentioned in this Hadith are prohibited for the reason that they go against the spirit of Muslim brotherhood. Muslims are ordained to maintain the bond of Islamic fraternity.
Abu Ayyub Al-Ansari (MABP) said: The Messenger of Allah (SAWS) said: "It is not lawful for a Muslim to desert (stop talking to) his brother beyond three nights, the one turning one way and the other turning to the other way when they meet, the better of the two is one who is the first to greet the other." (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)
1. Since Islam is a religion based on the nature of man, it has a suitable concession in all his natural affairs. When there occurs a dispute between two Muslims then unpleasantness and contraction of mind are bound to result from it. In such a situation they naturally do not like to speak or maintain contact with each other. Islamic Shari'ah has acknowledged the validity of this reaction and granted permission to the party to suspend speech for three days. Since longevity of suspension of contact leads to severe hatred and animosity which increases dissension in society, creates obstruction in family relations and injures the bond of friendship, Muslims have been ordered not to let this temporary unpleasantness and turbidity go beyond a period of three days.
2. By highlighting the merit of Salam (salutation), this Hadith has prescribed an easy way for resuming the relations because Salam increases mutual love and paves the way for conversation and reconciliation.
Hadith ~ Two imperatives which lead to Jannah or Hell
Jabir (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: A bedouin came to the Prophet (SAWS) and asked him: "O Messenger of Allah, what are the two imperatives which lead to Jannah or Hell". The Prophet (SAWS) replied: "He who dies without associating anything with Allah will enter Jannah, and he who dies associating partners with Allah will enter the Fire".
This Hadith may mislead some inveterate sinners who believe themselves to be sure to enter Paradise because, according to them, they believe in Allah without associating anything to Allah.
But there is obvious associating/idolatry and hidden associating/idolatry.
Whoever lets himself be guided by his passions has given in to a god other than Allah, or one who serves or approves critics of Islam and those who deny its laws and legislation.
A Hadith says that he who dies while committing a major sin such as theft or fornication or drunkenness, dies an unbeliever. So we must be wary from the temptations of the deceiver who gives false hopes to the unrepentant in believing they can say they are believers while continuing to flout the rule of Islam and do everything that brings unto them the wrath of Allah.
Hadith ~ A Man Persists in Speaking the Truth
Abdullah bin Mas'ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (May Allah exalt his mention and protect him from imperfection) said: "Truth leads to piety and piety leads to Jannah. A man persists in speaking the truth till he is enrolled with Allah as a truthful. Falsehood leads to vice and vice leads to the Fire (Hell), and a person persists on telling lies until he is enrolled as a liar". (Agreed upon)
Commentary: Siddiq (veracious) and Kadhdhab (liar) both are adjectives of intensive degree. That is to say, the words stand respectively for someone whose truth has become his second nature; and in the opposite case, one is a liar who is in the habit of telling lies. As one acquires a reputation in this world for his good or bad deeds similar is his position before Allah. One who is ranked among the truthful with Allah is entitled to reward, and if one is a liar, he has to suffer retribution for it. This Hadith provides incentive for truthfulness because it is a source of every good deed and contains a warning against lying as it gives rise to all kinds of mischief.
Hadith ~ The Believer's Prison
November 1, 2012 November 1, 2012 by Salaat Time
Abu Hurairah (MAPH) reported: the Messenger of Allah (SAWS) said: "The world is the believer's prison and the infidel's Jannah". (Muslim)
Abdullah bin Umar (MAPH) reported: The Messenger of Allah (SAWS) took hold of my shoulders and said: "Be in the world like a stranger or a wayfarer".
Ibn Umar (MAPH) used to say: "When you survive till the evening, do not expect to live until the morning; and when you survive until the morning, do not except to live until the evening (do good deeds) when you are in good health before you fall sick, and (do good deeds) as long as you are alive before death strikes". (Al-Bukhari)
Commentary Hadith 1: As compared with the pleasures and luxuries, which are in store for a true believer in Jannah in the Hereafter, this world is a prison; and against the ceaseless torture that awaits the disbelievers in Hell, this world is a Jannah for them. It can also mean that the way a Muslim saves himself in life from lusts and desires and leads a pious life with fear of Allah, this world is a prison for him because he is fettered in the chains of rules and regulations, while a disbeliever is free from all kinds of restrictions and is completely given to lusts and desires, and this is how this world is a Jannah for him. The purpose of this Hadith is to induce Muslims for the preparation of Al-akhirah (the Hereafter) and prevent them from unlawful luxuries of this world.
Commentary Hadith 2: A person who will consider this world as a temporary stage will certainly not like that his clothes be entangled in thorny bushes of this world. The greatest fault of man is that he does not understand this status of the world. In spite of the fact that he is not sure of a moment's life here, he occupies himself in amassing goods and riches which would last for a hundred years.
Hadith 1: Chapter 75, Page 158, No 470
Hadith ~ Who is most deserving
October 11, 2012 by Salaat Time
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: A person came to the Messenger of Allah (SAWS) and asked: "Who among people is most deserving of my fine treatment? The Messenger of Allah (SAWS) said: "Your mother". He again asked: "Who next?" "Your mother", the Prophet (SAWS) replied again. He asked: "Who next?" The Prophet (SAWS) said again: "Your mother." He again asked: "Then who?" Thereupon the Prophet (SAWS) said: "Then your father."
In another narration: "O Messenger of Allah! Who is most deserving of my fine treatment?" The Prophet (SAWS) said: "Your mother, then your mother, then your mother, then your father, then your nearest, then nearest". (Al-Bukhari and Muslim).
Commentary: This Hadith tells us that the rights of the mother are three times more important than that of the father.
October 3, 2012 October 2, 2012 by Salaat Time
Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Messenger of Allah (May Allah exalt his mention and protect him from imperfection) never hit anything with his hand neither a servant nor a woman but of course, he did fight in the Cause of Allah. He never took revenge upon anyone for the wrong done to him, but of course, he exacted retribution for the sake of Allah in case the Injunctions of Allah about unlawful acts were violated. (Muslim)
September 26, 2012 by Salaat Time
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (May Allah exalt his mention and protect him from imperfection) said: "He who removes from a believer one of his difficulties of this world, Allah will remove one of his troubles on the Day of Resurrection; and he who finds relief for a hard-pressed person, Allah will make things easy for him on the Day of Resurrection; he who covers up (the faults and sins) of a Muslim, Allah will cover up (his faults and sins) in this world and in the Hereafter. Allah supports His slave as long as the slave is supportive of his brother; and he who treads the path in search of knowledge, Allah makes that path easy, leading to Jannah for him; the people who assemble in one of the houses of Allah, reciting the Book of Allah, learning it and teaching, there descends upon them the tranquillity, and mercy covers them, the angels flock around them, and Allah mentions them in the presence of those near Him; and he who lags behind in doing good deeds, his noble lineage will not make him go ahead." (Muslim)
Commentary: Besides other advantages mentioned in this Hadith, we learn the following from it:
It is an act of great merit to relieve a Muslim from difficulties (financial or otherwise).
To strive for attaining religious knowledge is a highly meritorious act.
To recite the Noble Quran, make arrangement for its study and teaching, and hold meetings for the understanding and elucidation of the message of the Noble Quran are acts of great distinction and reward.
Chapter 29, Page 84, No 245
Hadith ~ "Ar-Rayaan"
August 17, 2012 by Salaat Time
Sahl bin Sa'd (May Allah be pleased with him): The Prophet (May Allah exalt his mention and protect him from imperfection) said: "In Jannah there is a gate which is called "Ar-Rayaan" through which only those who observe Saum (fasting) will enter on the Day of Resurrection. None else will enter through it. It will be called out, "Where are those who observe fasting?" So they will stand up and proceed towards it. When the last of them will have entered, the gate will be closed and then no one will enter through that gate." (Muslim)
Chapiter 217, Page 355, No 1217
Categories Hadith1 Comment
Hadith ~ The wealth of his heir
July 3, 2012 by Salaat Time
Ibn Mas'ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (SAWS) asked: "Who of you loves the wealth of his heir more than his own wealth?" The Companions said: "O Messenger of Allah! There is none of us but loves his own wealth more." The Messenger of Allah (SAWS) said: "His wealth is that which he has sent forward (spending for Judgement Day), but that which he retains belongs to his heir." (Al-Bukhari).
Commentary: This hadith spotlights in a wise fashion the significance and perception of spending in the way of Allah. The real wealth of man is that which he spends in His way and the channels He approves. Only this wealth will stand him in good stead on the Day of Resurrection. Otherwise , what apart from it, will be personally used up by him in the worldly life, and what he leaves behind will fall to the lot of his heirs. It implies that if Allah has bestowed worldly riches upon a man, he should spend them to the maximum in the way to Allah.
Chapiter 60, Page 178, No 545
Hadith ~ If he dislikes one of her characteristics
June 13, 2012 by Salaat Time
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (May Allah exalt his mention and protect him from imperfection) said: "A believer must not hate (his wife) believing woman; if he dislikes one of her characteristics he will be pleased with another". (Muslim).
Commentary: This Hadith also contains a very wise counsel for a happy married life. It tells us that every person has certain good qualities as well as some shortcomings. Man has been advised here to overlook the shortcomings that he does not like in his wife and appreciate her good qualities. Similarly, a woman is advised to ignore the shortcomings of her husband and admire his good qualities.
Chapiter 34, Page 95, No 275
Hadith ~ Will be equivalent
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (May Allah exalt his mention and protect him from imperfection) said, "If anyone calls others to follow right guidance, his reward will be equivalent to those who follow him (in righteousness) without their reward being diminished in any respect, and if anyone invites others to follow error, the sin, will be equivalent to that of the people who follow him (in sinfulness) without their sins being diminished in any respect". (Muslim)
Commentary: 'Invitation' and 'Call' stand to mean here that someone induces others to virtue or seduces to sin by means of his speech or action. We come to know from this Hadith that one who becomes a medium for either of them is given a reward or punishment respectively by Allah (SWT).
Hadith ~ Returns the rights of others
April 17, 2012 by Salaat Time
It was related that Abu Huraira (May Allah be satisfied with him) said: "A man came to the Prophet (SAWS) demanding his debts in a rude manner. The companions of the Prophet (SAWS) wanted to deal with him severely but the Messenger of Allah said: 'Leave him alone, the creditor has a right to speak.' Then the Messenger of Allah (SAWS) said: 'Give him a camel of the same age as the one he had.' The people said: 'O Messenger of Allah! The only camel we have is older than his.' The Messenger of Allah said: 'Give it to him, the best of you is the one who returns the rights of others in a better way'." (Bukhari)
Sahih Al-Bukhari
Text and Translation by
Dr Ahmad Zidan and Mrs Dina Zidan
Publisher Islamic Inc. Publishing
ISBN: 977.265.234.0
Chapter 46, Page 522, No 1019
Hadith ~ Envy in two cases
It was related that Abd Allah ibn Mas'ud (May Allah be satisfied with him) said that The Prophet (May Allah exalt his mention and protect him from imperfection) said: "Do not envy others except in two cases. The first is a person whom Allah has given wealth and he spends it righteously and the second is the one whom Allah has given wisdom and he acts upon it and teaches it." (Bukhari)
Hadith ~ A Guardian
April 8, 2012 April 8, 2016 by Salaat Time
Ibn Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: The Messenger of Allah (May Allah exalt his mention and protect him from imperfection) said: "All of you are guardians and are responsible for your subjects. The ruler is a guardian and responsible for his subjects; the man is a guardian of his family; the woman is guardian in her husband's house and responsible for her wards; a servant is guardian of his master's property and responsible for his ward. So all of you are guardians and are responsible for your subjects". (Al-Bukhari and Muslim).
Hadith ~ He intended to repay his debt
The following story is related in Sahih Al-Bukhari from Abu Hurairah (May Allah be satisfied with him) from Allah's Messenger (May Allah exalt his mention and protect him from imperfection): A man from the Children of Israel asked another man from the Children of Israel to lend him 1000 dinars, and he answered, "Bring witnesses who will bear witness (to this transaction)." The first man said, "Allah is enough as a Witness." He said, "Then bring me a guarantor." He said, "Allah is enough as a Guarantor." The man said, "You have spoken the truth."
He gave him the money for a fixed term. The debtor traveled by sea and when he fulfilled the purpose of his journey, he was looking for a ship that he could board and return on to pay the debt at the appointed time. However, he was not able to find a ship, so he took a piece of wood, pierced it, and thrust into it 1000 dinars along with a letter to the creditor. Then he took it to the ocean.
He said, "O Allah, You know that I borrowed 1000 dinars from such and such person, and he asked me for a guarantor. I said: Allah is enough as a Guarantor. He was pleased with You, and he also asked for a witness. I said: Allah is enough as a Witness, and he was pleased with You (as a Witness). And I have not been able to find a ship on which I could send him that which is due to him, so indeed I trust it to you."
He threw the piece of wood into the ocean until it was swallowed by it, and then he went away. He then continued to search for a boat on which he could return to his country. The creditor went out looking – perhaps a boat would come with his wealth. He found a piece of wood – in which was the money – and he took it to his family as firewood. When he broke the wood open, he found the money and the letter.
Then the debtor returned, bringing with him 1000 dinars. He said, "By Allah, I continued to search for a boat in order to return your wealth to you, but I did not find one until I found the one that I came on now." The other man asked, "And did you send anything to me?"… "For indeed, Allah paid for you through the wood that you sent."
An excellent audio lecture on this hadith as well as other hadiths can be found here:
Part 1 |
Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4
Hadith ~ A Muslim is the brother
Narrated Abdullah ibn Omar (May Allah be satisfied with him): 'Allah's Messenger (May Allah exalt his mention and protect him from imperfection) said: "A Muslim is the brother of another Muslim, so he should not oppress him nor should he hand him over to an oppressor. Whoever fulfills the needs of his brother, Allah will fulfill his needs; whoever brings his (Muslim) brother out of discomfort, Allah will bring him out of the discomforts of the Day of Ressurrection, and whoever veils the defects of a Muslim, Allah will screen his defects on the Day of Resurrection.'" (Bukhari)
Hadith ~ For men who believed in Allah
Narrated Abu-Sa'eed Al-Khudri (May Allah be satisfied with him); 'The Prophet (SAWS) said: "The people of Paradise will look at the dwellers of the lofty mansions (a superior place in Paradise) in the same way as one looks at a brilliant star far away in the East or in the West on the horizon; all that is because of their superiority over one another (in rewards)." At that, the people said; 'O Allah's Messenger (SAWS) Are these lofty mansions for the Prophets which nobody else can reach?' The Prophet (SAWS) replied: "No! By Allah in Whose Hands my life is, these are for men who believed in Allah and also believed in the Messengers." (Bukhari).
Chapiter , Page 1240, No 1101
Hadith ~ Do not seek to be a ruler
December 3, 2010 by Salaat Time
Narrated Abdul-Rahman ibn Samorah (May Allah be satisfied with him); 'The Prophet (May Allah exalt his mention and protect him from imperfection) said: "O Abdul-Rahman ibn Samorah! Do not seek to be a ruler, because if you are given authority on asking for it, then you will be held responsible for it; but if you are given it without asking for it, then you will be helped in it (by Allah). And whenever you take an oath to do something and later you find that something else is better than what you intended; then do the best action and make expiation for your oath." (Bukhari).
Chapiter 292, Page 1114, Number 971
Hadith ~ Reward for what they used to do
November 3, 2010 by Salaat Time
Narrated Abu-Huraira (May Allah be satisfied with him): 'Allah's Messenger (May Allah exalt his mention and protect him from imperfection) said: "Allah (the Exalted) said": I have prepared for my pious servants such things as no eye had ever seen, no ear has ever heard of, and nobody has ever imagined of, all that is reserved." Abu-Huraira added: 'If you wish to confirm this, you can read Allah's statement:
No person knows what is kept hidden for them of joy as a reward for what they used to do. (Quran 32.17)
Chapiter 344, Page 1238, Number 1098
Hadith ~ Pure hypocrite
Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr (May Allah be satisfied with him) 'The Prophet (May Allah exalt his mention and protect him from imperfection) said: "Whoever has the following four (characteristics) will be a pure hypocrite and whoever has one of the following four characteristics will have one characteristic of hypocrisy unless he gives it up. Whenever he is entrusted, he betrays (proves dishonest). Whenever he speaks, he tells a lie. Whenever he makes a covenant, he proves treacherous. And whenever he quarrels, he behaves in a very imprudent, evil and insulting manner." (Bukhari).
Hadith ~ Observe the rights of the way
Narrated Abu-Sa-eed Al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him); 'The Prophet (SAWS) said: "Avoid sitting on the roads (path ways). The people said: "There is no feasible alternative to it. We chat and discuss our affairs during it.' The Prophet (SAWS) said: "As long as there is no escape from it so, observe the rights of the way.' They asked; 'What are the rights of the way?' He said: "They are lowering of your gazes (avoiding gazing at people lustfully or mockingly), refraining from harming people, returning greetings, enjoining what is just and forbidding what is unjust." (Bukhari)
Hadith ~ Even if they had to crawl
Narrated Abu-Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him): 'Allah's Messenger (May Allah exalt his mention and protect him from imperfection) said: "If the people knew (the reward for) pronouncing azan and for standing in the first row (in congregational prayers) and they found no other way to get there except by drawing lots, they would draw lots, and if they knew (the reward of) Zohr Prayer (in the early moments of its stated time) they would race to it (go early), and if they knew the reward of Isha and Fajr Prayers in congregation, they would come to offer them even if they had to crawl.'" (Bukhari)
Hadith ~ Grant him a period of grace
May 25, 2010 by Salaat Time
Narrated Abu-Horaira (may Allah be pleased with him): 'The Prophet (May Allah exalt his mention and protect him from imperfection) said: "There was a merchant who used to lend the people, and whenever his debtor was under straitened circumstances, he would say to his employees: Grant him a period of grace so that Allah will forgive us.' So, Allah forgave him." (Bukhari)


text:
Cops shoot guy named Footman in the hand
By Tina Moore and Kevin Sheehan
Zaequen Footman, 23, was shot once in the left hand when he pulled out a pistol after four plainclothes anti-crime cops tried executing a warrant. Paul Martinka (2)
A gunman was shot in the hand by cops in Brooklyn when he pulled a weapon on four officers attempting to serve a warrant to his friend, sources said.
Zaequan Footman, 23, was shot once in the left hand when he pulled the a pistol on the plainclothes cops at Sands and Gold streets near the Farragut Houses at about 3:45 p.m.
NYPD Assistant Chief Jeffrey Maddrey said there was an exchange of gunfire between Footman and two officers and one sergeant who discharged their weapons.
"He pointed a gun at them, and they fired back at him," a high-ranking police source said. "He was hit in the hand."
Footman took off running with Dontre Bradley, who was wanted on the low-level warrant, sources said.
The two ran into the Farragut Houses, where police took them into custody.
Surveillance footage from the building allegedly showed Footman running with the weapon.
Footman was taken to Kings County Hospital with a non-life-threatening injury.
The incident was the second police-involved shooting this week. Cops fatally shot George Tillman Sunday when he reached for a gun during a routine stop in Queens.
Filed under brooklyn , shootings
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Media companies, advertising agencies and retail are suffering. Insta-sensations are thriving. We are addicted to our phones. No one really knows how to price, or market themselves any longer.
In other words, there's flux everywhere.
The thing is, we are different. We used to like perfection. We actually thought we could achieve it. So media companies and advertising agencies followed suit, and were guided by it, crafting carefully every message, building huge teams, writing proposals that made everything seem like rocket science, doing market studies to prove they were so very right, and keeping founders of big corporations as unattainable as possible, so that everything would be just perfect.
The fact that being human is the most lovable thing to be, was… overseen.
And being human means to a certain degree, being imperfect. Of course this seems crazy when you think of the big corporations that shield themselves to the core asking for 20 signatures before making the slightest move, but it is.
When you understand this, you realize that the only real currency in this world is connection. Love.
All the rest is just matter trying to make up for it: beauty, luxury, fashion; you name it! They are just channels to make you feel more lovable to yourself and to others.
More than ever, it's all about people as brands. People as media. People as ad space.
You are a brand, even if you are not aware of it, and your story is your greatest asset.
So let's also start thinking about Economy in a new way: a smile; the right words; the right timing; the right energy; the right intention. Everything counts. Make it count. The more you do for others, the more you will get. Build the narrative of your life, and stay human.
And in regards to the flux the world is facing, well, we all just need a group hug. A good one.


text:
<?php
namespace Attack\Model\Game\Moves\Interfaces;

use Attack\Database\SQLConnector;

abstract class ModelMove {

    protected $id;
    protected $id_user;
    protected $id_game;
    protected $id_phase;
    protected $round;
    protected $deleted;

    /**
     * returns the move model --> specific for phase
     *
     * @param $id_user int
     * @param $id_game int
     * @param $id_phase int
     * @param $id_move int
     * @param $round int
     * @param $deleted boolean
     */
    protected function __construct($id_user, $id_game, $id_phase, $id_move, $round, $deleted) {
        $this->id_user = intval($id_user);
        $this->id_game = intval($id_game);
        $this->id_phase = intval($id_phase);
        $this->id = intval($id_move);
        $this->round = intval($round);
        $this->deleted = ($deleted) ? true : false;
    }

    /**
     * @return int
     */
    public function getIdGame() {
        return $this->id_game;
    }

    /**
     * @return int
     */
    public function getIdMove() {
        return $this->id;
    }

    /**
     * @return int
     */
    public function getId() {
        return $this->id;
    }

    /**
     * @return int
     */
    public function getIdUser() {
        return $this->id_user;
    }

    /**
     * @return int
     */
    public function getIdPhase() {
        return $this->id_phase;
    }

    /**
     * @return int
     */
    public function getRound() {
        return $this->round;
    }

    /**
     * @return boolean
     */
    public function getDeleted() {
        return $this->deleted;
    }

    /**
     * @return boolean
     */
    public function isDeleted() {
        return $this->deleted;
    }

    /**
     * flag move as deleted
     * @return void
     */
    public function flagMoveDeleted() {
        $query = 'flag_move_deleted';
        $dict = array(':id_move' => $this->id);
        SQLConnector::getInstance()->epp($query, $dict);
        $this->deleted = true;
    }

}


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