Beginning June 1, 2015 during Canadian Environment Week, we are challenging families to recycle even more at the curb. Use this 12-week calendar to record your household recycling behaviour - keep track of how many bags of garbage and recycling you put to the curb, any new items you recycled each week, and something new you learned about curbside recycling.
To enter the draw for the grand prize of a $1500 gift card from our sponsor RONA, just email familychallenge@stjohns.ca. During the 12-week challenge we'll periodically email you recycling tips and facts, links to short 'how to' videos and other recycling resources, plus other ways to enter recycling promotions we'll be launching on our social media accounts.


IN 1953, with my first Lamari patrol out of the way, it was time to get to know something about Kainantu.
With its vistas of rolling grassed hills, small casuarina-lined valleys, bamboo groves and, always in the distance, forested mountain ranges, it was different to anything I had ever experienced.
There were roads, a small expatriate community and a grass airstrip, just 1,190 metres long and 46 metres wide. The runway, on an east west axis, physically divided the community, a division that was engendered and emphasised by both law and policy.
The Native Women's Protection Ordinance made it an offence, punishable by a fine or six months imprisonment, for an expatriate to permit a female native to be on premises between the hours of six o'clock in the evening and six o'clock in morning.
A bloke called Sam Marshall quipped that the restricted hours didn't worry him because he only did matinees.
So the local people—police, prisoners, workers, hospital staff and patients - occupied the southern side of the airstrip. The flat plateau to its north provided an elevated setting for Sub-District Office, government store, parade ground, four expatriate houses and tennis court.
The wartime marriage of Assistant District Officer Gerry (G W) Toogood to socialite Monica Suzanne Angas, a daughter of the family after which Angaston in South Australia was named, may have influenced the construction of the clay-surfaced tennis court.
Replete with heavy roller, line marking machine, elevated umpire's chair, covered seating for spectators and children's swings, the court was a social lubricant. Each Saturday afternoon it attracted expatriates from Kainantu, nearby Aiyura Agricultural Station, and surrounds.
The after-tennis party that followed, in the ADO's residence could involve as many as 30 people dancing into the wee hours to music from a wind-up gramophone in a large lounge-dining room dimly lit by a kerosene lamp.
ADO Allen (A T) Timperley, Toogood's predecessor, had probably organised the construction of the residence - a solid building of pit-sawn timber - which occupied the prime position on the station - the rise overlooking the parade ground.
An adjacent dwelling had an intriguing history. Now occupied by Patrol Officer Bill (W J) Kelly and family, in Timperley's day it had been home to PO Dudley (D A M) Young-Whitford and his bride.
Much earlier, in 1936, PO Tom (T G) Aitchison had built the house for his bride-to-be. He claimed he had paid for the materials and construction out of his own pocket; forced to do so by his superiors who would not allow his fiancée to enter the country, or even sanction his marriage, until the house was constructed.
So in March 1937, Sylvia had become the first expatriate woman to be married at Kainantu and the house the first permanent-material residence in the Highlands of New Guinea.
My life would have been simple at Kainantu if District Commissioner Ian Downs had not intervened, telling my ADO, Harry West, that he wanted me involved in the all important road project: the four-wheel drive track being constructed from the Highlands to the Markham Valley.
I was a latecomer to the road project and was to be involved only on the periphery, to gain enough knowledge of the operation to be able to stand in if required.
ADO West had arrived at Kainantu in November 1952 tasked with revitalising the project, and had immediately recalled Cadet Patrol Officer Rupe (R R) Havilland from patrol to make the project his sole priority.
During the next 14 days, West and Havilland examined the proposed route down the almost sheer 1,500-metre escarpment on the Markham fall and condemned it as unsafe.
The official November 1965 publication from the Administration's information office unconscionably ignored Havilland's report and maintained the fiction that Toogood's original route proposal was followed, thus denigrating Havilland's vital input.
On 11 December 1952, Havilland moved the road camp from Arona to Kassam and the hard work of clearing and cutting the road down the escarpment began. The task was, to construct a four-wheel drive track down the eastern wall of the Highlands.
There were no bulldozers, no trucks and no mechanical equipment, not even wheelbarrows. A workforce of enthusiastic Highlanders mainly from the Simbu (Chimbu) area worked with hand tools: felling huge trees; cutting the bench; removing obstructions; creating the road surface.
They built bonfires around the huge boulders obstructing the route, fuelled the fires throughout the day and doused them at 'bello' (knock-off). Slowly the overnight cold and shrinkage fractured and splintered the boulders.
Then we got lucky. New Guinea Goldfields was showing an interest in Kainantu and, to sweeten the relationship, the company helped with some explosives: crates of weeping gelignite that was classed as unstable and unsafe for mining. Those crates came by air to Kainantu, travelled in our Land Rover to Kassam and individual sticks were frypan-dried for use.
Harry West visited Kassam at least weekly. I accompanied him from time to time and Downs appeared at monthly intervals to spur us on.
CPO Bob (R D) Cleland arrived in June to assist Havilland in the final stages then moved on to his own challenge: supervising the construction of the road over Daulo Pass on the route between Kundiawa and Goroka. At 2,478 metres, Daulo became the highest crossing along what would become the Highlands Highway.
In June, Dr John Gunther (then Director of Health, later Assistant Administrator and, later still, knighted) drove the first vehicle from Lae to Kainantu over Kassam Pass and then on to Goroka.
The last hurrah was the formal opening of the road and Kassam Pass on 2 July 1953 by Administrator Sir Donald Cleland driving in a fleet of Land Rovers from Gusap to Kainantu.
It was time for me to forget road works. Downs had seen how the Asaro people around Goroka were emulating the coffee plantation efforts of Jim Leahy, Jim Taylor and George Greathead, and he argued that, if some expatriate growers could be established around Kainantu, the local people would follow the lead and plant their own coffee.
My task was to make it happen by identifying available blocks of land that had a potential for road access, were surplus to native requirements and were suitable for growing coffee. Then I was to purchase them so they could be made available for tender.
I knew that I could judge whether a block of land had road access, I hoped I could assess whether it was surplus but I could only guess whether it would be suitable for coffee.
There were no enthusiastic sellers amongst the people. The idea of selling land was not in anybody's head and I wasted many weeks trying to locate land that was available, suitable and that had clear ownership. Eventually, I identified two blocks; one running from the roadside to the rim of Ramu Gorge and the other across the river opposite the airstrip at Aiyura Agricultural Station. Both were on hillsides, both were grassland, both were a trifle swampy and I had my doubts as to whether they had coffee growing potential.
A new strategy was required. I borrowed a large ex-army table with folding legs from the office, packed a compass, chain, large office typewriter, drawing instruments and land transaction forms into patrol boxes, and set off. I left Kainantu on 3 August and when I returned on 1 October, I had revised the census of the 33 Taiora villages and acquired seven blocks of land totalling 586 hectares. I had also completed the compass and chain surveys, prepared the investigation and transfer documents and purchased the land.
It was time to get ready for the next Lamari patrols and I needed to know more about the past. Why had so many people been killed and wounded in the period 1920 to 1934?
I studied the old files and talked to people who had made some of that early history: Tom (T G) Aitchison, Anarai (the Paramount Luluai of Punano), the Reverend Johannes Flierl and his wife Hannah, Nomi (a young volunteer interpreter in the 1930s), Jim (J L) Taylor and Ted (E J) Ubank.
Taylor had been District Officer of the huge Central Highlands District when he resigned from the Administration in June 1948 to grow coffee. He had been an Assistant District Officer in October 1932 when he was tasked with finding a new site for the Upper Ramu Patrol Post and building a new airstrip.
He had selected Kainantu, five kilometres to the east of the airstrip at Lapumpa, which Eric Feldt, District Officer of the Morobe District, had organized while on patrol, in July-August 1932.
Taylor was a taciturn soul but we had common items in our backgrounds that led to deeper conversation. He and I had been reared in Sydney's Eastern Suburbs, had swum at the same beaches and had attended the same secondary school, albeit 30 years apart.
His brother and my father had both been Sergeants in the 55th Battalion of the Australian Infantry Forces in World War I and had fought together in the Battalion's first action in July 1916, the Battle of Fromelles, which Taylor's brother, Jason, did not survive. Jim himself had been wounded and gassed in 1918.
Tom Aitchison was transitting between his relieving role as District Commissioner Morobe and his new appointment as District Commissioner Kavieng when he stopped by in July 1963 to further his retirement dream—an agricultural lease near Aiamontina in the Agarabi Census Division.
Neither Aitchison nor the Aiamontina people seemed concerned that he had been involved in events following the death of ADO Ian Mack in 1933. Eleven men from Aiamontina and four from Unantu had been killed at that time but the people were happy to release their land to allow him to settle near them.
Aitchison was more forthcoming about the aftermath to the 1934 murder of McGrath at Finintegu. He spoke of the two-day battle in which District Officer Ted (E) Taylor and others were wounded and three local people killed, and he claimed that he had organised the initial response, led the police and miners, to arrest the culprits.
He also waxed lyrical about the peace ceremony that he and Lutheran missionary Johannes Flierl had organised to bring the warring tribes together, opt for peace and burn their weapons.
Ted Ubank was still mining on the Ornapinka near Barola when I was at Kainantu from 1953 to early 1955. With the exception of the Pacific War years, he had been there since 1930. A veteran of World War I, twice wounded at Gallipoli, Ted claimed he had entered the Highlands, mining in the Arona Valley, in 1928, a year before I was born.
Our conversations were not easy; he openly acknowledged that he did not like kiaps and he did not like the "Government." They had failed to protect the miners and as a result McGrath had died, although he reluctantly conceded that the 'sprog' Aitchison had handle the aftermath of that event with ability.
Paramount Lululai Anarai, from the Punano group of villages was proud of his role in the Mack affair. The Government had been strong and he had helped them punish the culprits—his enemies. His good had prevailed over their evil.
Nomi had been a youthful, unofficial interpreter with Mack in 1933 as well as Administration interpreter throughout the 1950s and he had his own definite views. He said those things had happened in the past and was almost castigating in his response to my question.
Nomi said the Lutheran missionaries had defended themselves against attack and would have been killed if they had not done so, and that, without the interventions of kiaps and police, the frequent tribal fighting, warfare and heavy loss of life would have continued unabated.
He said that times had changed and drew my attention to the present, pointing out that each morning of the working week, before the seven o'clock roll call, more than 100 people presented themselves in front of the Sub-District Office with produce to sell to the Administration: mostly root vegetables food and pit sawn planks. More than half of those people were women, and the majority of them were from his Agarabi group. Throughout the working day, more Agarabi people would visit the Office: to sell gold from alluvial mining and to sort out marital problems and other matters.
Finally, Nomi wondered whether I had noticed the small groups of Simbu women who passed by the office, wandering down the road on foot, on their way to visit their menfolk employed at the Kassam camp. No more than three or four at a time, some wearing their feathered finery they were unescorted and unmolested, protected by the government's law and order.
Of course I had noticed. I was overawed. I do not know how long it took them, perhaps two weeks or more, walking all the way. There were no trucks or private cars. Vehicles were rare - scarcer than hen's teeth. Simbu wantoks on the government stations at Goroka and Henganofi provided stopovers, but those small groups of women were largely on their own, protected only by the sanctity of the government road inspired only by their love and respect for their menfolk.
My research had not provided me with answers but on 6 November 1953 Patrol Officer Gerald Szarka, Cadet Patrol Officer Geoffrey Harris, and Constables Buritori and Purari were killed in separate, but coordinated attacks in the Eliptamin valley of the Sepik District.
I obviously needed to do more thinking before the impending patrol down the Lamari into the restricted (uncontrolled) area, especially as we had come under attack on our first exploration.
Photo 01 - Queen Elizabeth's Coronation Day celebration, 2 June 1953, Kainantu. Looking across the parade ground, left to right: government store; small garage housing the Administration' s vehicles, a four-wheel drive Land Rover and a BSA motorbike; Sub-District Office with plaited cane walls and red corrugated iron roof.
Photo 02 - Parade ground, Assistant District Officer's residence at Kainantu, gardens, and pine trees imported from the countryside and planted to a geometric pattern.
Photo 04 - Simbu workers removing the forest by hand between Kassam and the Markham, on the eastern escarpment.
Thank you for this account. Nice reading.
Thank you Mr Brown for the historical and unique photos. Yes, indeed Kainantu was amongst the first historical colonial towns in Papua New Guinea in the 1930's.
Kainantu was the stepping stone to prosperity and advancement of Papua New Guinea. It needs to be compensated in a special manner by the government for the gesture, paving the way for PNG's advancement.
First hand historical recounts from the days of the Kiaps, with outstanding colour photos and informative captions too. Again, a continuation of important historical colonial records of PNG. Thank you, Mr Brown.
Another brilliant piece from Mr Brown. Some wonderful pictures too. That early in the early 1950s Chimbus were already employed so far from their homes! I very much look forward to next chapter.


If you, like me, are in the habit of browsing eBay for cheap electronic bits and pieces, you may have stumbled upon this ridicuously cheap STM8 board (eBay, AliExpress). How does it compare with Arduino?
In this post, I'll present my initial findings about the mysterious microcontroller and the board it comes on. If you're so inclined, the chips can be purchased separately as well.
First a TL;DR for the impatient: It's an inexpensive, low-specced 8-bit microcontroller manufactured by ST, which could replace the Arduino/ATMEGA in simple applications.
8-bit microcontrollers have been around for a very long time, slowly fading in popularity as more powerful devices pushed them out of the spotlight. However, they never really went away.
The notorious 8051, for example, is still very much alive and kicking, partly because its copyright expired and it's now fair play to clone it and build into whatever design the manufacturers please.
Other families appeared over the years, but the real boom of the 8-bit came with Arduino and the whole "DIY hacking" phenomenon. You're no doubt familiar with Atmel's AVR line or Microchip's PIC. AVRs, popularised by the Arduino project, and PIC's, because of their low cost and Microchip's eagerness to provide free samples, have dominated the hobbyist market, and kits and accessories for them have became a serious business (look at all those "Arduino modules" on eBay!).
It comes as no surprise that other chip manufacturers wanted their slice of the cake. One of those efforts apparently crystalised in ST Microelectronics' STM8 line. You may know the company as a generic semiconductor manufacturer, and they're also behind the popular STM32 line of Cortex-M microcontrollers (also cheaply available on eBay). STM8 haven't really gone mainstream, but for whatever reason, they's now cheap and widely available. Some variants of STM8 are used in automotive applications, but not the STM8S family we'll focus on.
Arduino and it's clones are predominantly built on AVR's, commonly the ATMEGA328P. It runs at 16 MHz and has 32kB of FLASH, 2 kB of RAM and some EEPROM. There's also the obligatory mix of peripherals, like timers, UARTS, SPI and I2C.
The STM8 chip we'll look at, STM8S103F3, has a similar set of peripherals, but a substantially smaller memory space (8 kB FLASH, 1 kB RAM). It may not be able to replace the ATMEGA everywhere, but at the low cost, it well might in many places, and it makes it viable to literally embed it in places you wouldn't even think of with more expensive devices. A "SPI to Neopixel" interface for 60 cents? No problem!
The ATMEGA has one unpleasant flaw in it's architecture: the Harvard memory design. FLASH and RAM share the same address space in an overlapping manner, maybe to save some address bits, so the same address can be in either of them. This is where your bothersome pgm_read_byte() and friends come from—it needs a special assembly instruction LPM to read data from FLASH. Not even the high level abstraction of avr-gcc will shield you from this problem. You'll face a similar problem with the EEPROM, but that could be excused as you won't it so often.
The STM8, possibly inspired by the STM32, appear as von Neumann, in that both memories are mapped to one linear address space with no overlap. Internally there are two buses, but it's handled transparently. As a result, you can seamlessly store your constants in the program memory and even run code from RAM. This advantage may not be a gamechanger, but it's helpful for debugging purposes (if you use the proprietary Windows IDE).
It's indeed quite minimal, you can think of it as the Arduino Pro Mini's little brother. Don't let the USB connector fool you, there's no USB capability here, not even FTDI; it's just for power. There's the tantalizing VUSB possibility, but the board lacks a crystal position for the necessary 12 MHz, and the DP/DM pins are hard to access. That's not to say it's not worth a try!
On the backside you can see a LT1117-3.3 in SOT223, which converts the input voltage from the RAW pins (the left corners) to 3.3 V. The board can also be powered via the USB connector, but the data lines are sadly not connected anywhere.
Both the input voltage and the regulated 3.3 V can be used for external circuits, they're available on the bottom header. Confusingly, the "5V" pin is directly connected to the input, there's no 5 V regulator. With USB connected, you'll of course get something quite close to 5 V.
There are two more ways to power the board, namely the pins in the bottom row, and the "3V3" pin in the programming header. It appears you can simply connect an external 3.3 V source to either of the "3V3" pins and it'll work. I was worried the LDO might not like that, but it works just fine.
This means you can power it straight from the programmer, but be super careful with larger loads: There's a really tiny regulator in the ST-Link dongle (pics below). Easy to fry.
The board has 2 LEDs, one (blue) is always on, and the other (red) can be used for your blinking. On the specimen I received, the red LED is connected to pin B5. Out of the box, the micro is loaded with a simple blinking firmware, so you can try if it's alive by just connecting it to USB.
To successfully flash the STM8, you'll need (besides the STM8) an ST-Link programmer capable of SWIM (the debugging protocol the STM8 uses). Those can be purchased on eBay or AliExpress for a few dollars, so don't forget to get one while shopping for the board. They're cheap, so it might be wise to get two, in case you kill it. I managed to do that and don't even know how.
A fun note: The programmer is available only because some clever hackers managed to steal the ST-Link blob from a firmware update. The dongles are essentially clones of the break-away part of Nucleo boards.
A guide to setting up the dev environment on Linux & some hints about programming the STM8 can be found in Part 2.
Found something wrong or have a question?
You can use e-mail or hit me up at @piggo@piggo.space.
Article published 2017-01-05 by Ondřej Hruška.


Your opinion matters to us! So if you have been treated recently at the Whitchurch practice and not completed a Friends & Family Form, we would appreciate it if you can take a few moments to review your visit to your Whitchurch dentist.
Great service, very happy. Always send reminders via email, most helpful!
I have been with this practice for about 15 years now. I have seen many staff changes over this period, all friendly & helpful. When I worked in the NHS I was a Private Patient. When I retired I changed & became an NHS patient. I can't say I have noticed any difference in my treatment as a person as well as clinically .


text:
Q: correct use of fgets? In this program I am getting segmentation fault due to line:
fgets( string , 50, in );

If I comment it out the program exits fine but I am not sure what I am doing wrong with it?
I checked the declaration of function fgets which seems fine for the program.
//char *fgets(char *str, int n, FILE *stream)

#include <stdio.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
  FILE *in;
  char string[100];

  in = fopen("in.txt", "r" );

  // if i remove this line segmentation fault is no more.
  fgets( string , 50, in );

  fclose(in);

  return 0;
}

A: fopen() might not have been successful, check the return value of that before you try to read.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


DARIUS MCCOLLUM IN his New York apartment in front of a subway sign that shows many of the stations where he has whizzed right through during his train adventures, posing as a transit employee.
I just wish the public transportation authority in New York City would just give Darius McCollum a job already–if only it were that easy. He knows the system inside and out, because as a child someone took him under his wings and showed him all there was to know about the city's bus and rail systems. Years later, as told in the documentary "Off The Rails," McCollum is a man with Asperger's syndrome whose overwhelming love of transit has landed him in jail 32 times for impersonating New York City bus drivers and subway conductors and driving their routes.
As a boy in Queens, New York, McCollum found sanctuary from school bullies in the subway. There he was befriended by transit workers who taught him to drive trains. By age 8, he memorized the entire subway system. At 15, he drove a packed train eight stops by himself, making all the stops and announcements. Over the next three decades, McCollum commandeered hundreds of trains and buses, staying en route and on schedule, without ever getting paid. He also attended transit worker union meetings, lobbying for better pay and working conditions for a union to which he didn't belong.
Although McCollum has never damaged any property or hurt anyone in his decades of service, he has spent 23 years in maximum security prison. His recidivism embodies the criminal justice system's failure to channel the passions of a harmless, mentally-challenged man into a productive career and purposeful life.
DARIUS MCCOLLUM'S LIFE struggling with a form of autism is highlighted in the documentary "Off The Rails," coming to a local theatre. Here McCollum is in full New York transit uniform, although he is not an employee of the public agency.
You can't watch this documentary without feeling sorry for McCollum. His only joy comes from being behind the wheels of the buses and the trains, and experts note that this makes him content and filled with self-worth. Of course, he takes medication for his Asperger's, but I submit that if he only had a job working within the system, instead of outside of it, he probably wouldn't need his medication. New York City transit officials say they do empathize, but they can't take a chance on McCollum blowing up and putting passengers and others in harm's way, if they were to hire him.
The documentary shows his relationship with his mother, who extremely coddles him, and who is living in North Carolina and can't get to see him, even while he is fighting his cases in New York City courts. Toward the end, she is sick and her husband has taken ill, as well. McCollum endures one arrest after another. In between this, however, he meets and marries a woman. But this union doesn't last too long, as McCollum leaves throughout the night to steal buses and trains, taking them on their scheduled routes. He is finally at a point where he receives probation and is able to leave the state. He visits his mother, only to miss New York City. He returns back to the city that never sleeps and eventually is pulled in the direction of his love for the trains. His last sentence in jail is just asinine. The same experts featured in the documentary say that McCollum's case of autism is one that they had rarely seen. But what they all agree upon is that incarceration will never be the key to his complete recovery.
"Off The Rails" has won many awards at recent film festivals, and press materials state that the Hollywood Reporter's Awards Analyst Scott Feinberg projects that it will be an Oscar contender for Best Documentary Feature. The film will screen at Chicago's Facets Cinematheque, 1517 W. Fullerton Ave., from December 30 through January 5, 2017. For more information, visit www.facets.org.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Ready for a 19th century Sherlock-Holmes esque mystery-solving dynamic duo set in England? Then let's dive into this story about a start-up P.I. team taking on a ghost story … but it ends up not being ghosts. Something worse. A monster.
This entry was posted in Fugit Reads and tagged Lisa Tuttle, rogues, The Curious Affair of the Dead Wives on February 4, 2016 by David V Fugit.


text:
Banking Conditions in Ninth District States Third Quarter 2014 Update
Contact: Patti Lorenzen
Media Representative
Patti.Lorenzen@mpls.frb.org
Minneapolis, December 4, 2014— Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis
U.P. of
Minnesota Banking Conditions Showed Solid Improvement in Third Quarter 2014
Minnesota banks reported improved profitability and loan growth in the third quarter of 2014, with problem loans falling a bit, according to Ron Feldman, executive vice president of Supervision, Regulation and Credit at the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Loan growth and bank profitability improved moderately among Minnesota banks, while asset quality made a small improvement," he said.
The findings were included in a Minneapolis Fed analysis of data from Ninth Federal Reserve District banks' quarterly regulatory submissions, known as "call reports."
Minnesota banks' median annual rate of loan growth increased 1.35 percentage points to 6.31 percent during the third quarter. The year-over-year change in the amount of outstanding loans slightly outpaced the 6.05 percent median rate for the nation as a whole.
The level of problem loans compared with the resources banks have to cover loan losses improved by 67 basis points in the quarter. At 8.05 percent, Minnesota's median problem assets ratio was just better than the national 8.33 percent median.
Profitability measures also improved during the third quarter of 2014. Minnesota's median return on average assets increased 6 basis points to 1.02 percent. That level exceeded the national 0.91 percent rate of return and surpassed the benchmark 1 percent for the first time since 2008, though bank profitability remains low compared to prior decades.
Measures of liquidity and capital remain at healthy levels. The state's total risk-based capital ratio stands at 15.72 percent after an 11-basis-point increase. The median use of noncore funding (in contrast to more stable bank deposits) stands at 13.58 percent of liabilities. Both are strong by historical standards and compared to the median national performance.
The data for Minnesota's 330 commercial banks and the nation are found in the tables below. The attachment to this release provides additional data on the characteristics of banks in the region and definitions and explanations of those data.
Data for Minnesota and the nation [pdf]
Additional data on the characteristics of banks in the region and definitions and explanations of these data [pdf]
More details on banking conditions can be found on the following page: Banking Conditions in Ninth District States.
Montana Banks Report Improved Profitability and Loan Growth in Third Quarter of 2014; Problem Loans Still Higher than the Nation
Montana banks saw continued improvements in profitability and loan growth in the third quarter of 2014, but problem loans continue to be a challenge, according to Ron Feldman, executive vice president of Supervision, Regulation and Credit at the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Montana bank health currently compares well with the rest of the country," he said. "Earnings and loan growth were both up in the third quarter and now surpass the national median rates, although Montana earnings have yet to reach their precrisis levels. Problem loans, while significantly lower than a year ago, experienced an uptick during the third quarter."
The findings were included in a Minneapolis Fed analysis of data from banks' quarterly regulatory submissions, known as "call reports."
Montana banks' median return on average assets, a key metric of earnings, was up 15 basis points from the previous quarter at 1.01 percent, surpassing the 0.91 percent national median ratio. However, for most of the previous two decades, this measure was at or above 1.2 percent.
Montana's median net loan growth rate improved 47 basis points in the third quarter. The four-quarter growth rate of 7.18 percent was an improvement of almost 4 percentage points from a year ago. The national median four-quarter growth rate trails at 6.05 percent.
After showing improvement in the second quarter of 2014, the level of problem loans as a percentage of resources banks must set aside to cover potential loan losses grew 44 basis points in the third quarter to 9.44 percent. That compares to a national median of 8.33 percent.
Key measures of capital and liquidity remain stronger than national medians. The total risk-based capital ratio improved 14 basis points to 17.3 percent, and the median bank's reliance on noncore resources (as opposed to more stable bank deposits) decreased 56 basis points to 15.67 percent. Both capital and liquidity measures remain healthy by historical standards.
Data for Montana's 59 commercial banks and the nation are found in the tables below. The attachment to this release provides additional data on the characteristics of banks in the region and definitions and explanations of those data.
Data for Montana and the nation [pdf]
North Dakota Bank Performance Improves and Remains Strong in Third Quarter 2014
North Dakota banking conditions compare well with the rest of the nation, and most measures of bank health strengthened further in the third quarter of 2014, according to Ron Feldman, executive vice president of Supervision, Regulation and Credit at the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "North Dakota banks continued to make gains in profitability and asset quality in the third quarter," he said. "Even though loan growth slipped a bit, the overall strength of the state's banks stands out compared with national metrics, and some measures are at record levels of strength."
In the second quarter of 2014, median problem loans as a percentage of the resources banks have to cover losses fell by 59 basis points to 4.11 percent. That ratio is the lowest it has been since at least 1990, and is more than 4 percentage points lower than the national median.
North Dakota bank profitability also gained on existing strength, as measured by the median return on average assets, rising 9 basis points to 1.25 percent. That is well above the 0.91 percent national median rate of return.
The state median four-quarter net loan growth rate decreased by 1.1 percentage points over last quarter to 9.62 percent, but is still nearly 4 percentage points better than last year and more than 3½ percentage points stronger than the national median of 6.05 percent.
Capital and liquidity measures remain strong at North Dakota banks. Liquidity, as measured by the median bank use of noncore funds (rather than more stable traditional deposits) stands stronger than the national median at 13.45 percent. Capital levels fell very slightly during the quarter, as measured by the median total risk-based capital ratio, but are still considered healthy at 13.38 percent.
The data for North Dakota's 84 commercial banks and the nation are found in the tables below. The attachment to this release provides additional data on the characteristics of banks in the region and definitions and explanations of those data.
Data for North Dakota and the nation [pdf]
South Dakota Banking Conditions Improve and Remain Robust in Third Quarter 2014 Despite Softening Loan Growth
South Dakota banks reported improvement and robust conditions in the third quarter of 2014 despite some weakening in loan growth, according to Ron Feldman, executive vice president of Supervision, Regulation and Credit at the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Problem loans in South Dakota declined to record lows in the third quarter," he said. "While loan growth softened, earnings increased and overall South Dakota banking conditions continue to stand out relative to the rest of the nation."
The data were included in a Minneapolis Fed analysis of Ninth Federal Reserve District banks' quarterly regulatory submissions, known as "call reports."
At the median, South Dakota bank problem loans as a percentage of the resources to cover potential losses declined 63 basis points to 2.94 percent. That ratio stands at less than half the national median for problem loans and is a historic low for the state.
Return on average assets, a key measure of earnings, continues to show relative strength in the state, increasing 13 basis points to 1.21 percent. That performance compares favorably with the national median 0.91 percent rate of return.
After reaching a record high in the first quarter of 2014, South Dakota median year-over-year net loan growth continued to slow during the third quarter, falling by 96 basis points to 8.95 percent. Despite this decrease, the state's growth rate still surpasses the rest of the nation by nearly 3 percentage points.
Capital and liquidity measures both softened in the third quarter, but also continue to compare favorably with the national figures. The median total risk-based capital ratio slipped by 28 basis points to 16.08 percent, compared with the 16.27 national median. Reliance on noncore funding (as opposed to more stable bank deposits) increased 1.43 percentage points to 19.52 percent.
The data for South Dakota's 67 commercial banks and the nation are found in the tables below. The attachment to this release provides additional data on the characteristics of banks in the region and definitions and explanations of those data.
Data for South Dakota and the nation [pdf]
Banking Conditions in Upper Peninsula Michigan Improved in Third Quarter 2014, but Weakness Persists
The banks in Michigan's Upper Peninsula experienced significant improvement in asset quality in the third quarter of 2014, but profitability was flat and continued to be well below the U.S. average. According to Ron Feldman, executive vice president of Supervision, Regulation and Credit at the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, "While U.P. banks reduced their share of problem loans and saw slightly increased loan growth, earnings were flat for the quarter and remain lower than a year ago. Banking conditions in the Upper Peninsula continue to be considerably weaker than for the nation as a whole."
U.P. bank problem loan levels showed strong improvements in the third quarter. The median ratio of loans that are behind on payments as a percentage of the resources that banks have to cover potential loan losses decreased by 4½ percentage points, from 19.45 percent in the second quarter to 14.94 percent. Still, U.P. banks' problem loans remain significantly higher than the national median of 8.33 percent.
The U.P.'s rate of loan growth over the last four quarters climbed 47 basis points to 1.48 percent. That pace is well below the national median year-over-year loan growth rate of 6.05 percent.
In contrast, earnings, as measured by the median return on average assets (ROAA), were flat from the second quarter. The Upper Peninsula's median ROAA of 0.70 percent remains substantially weaker than the national median of 0.91 percent.
Key measures of capital and liquidity in the U.P. weakened during the third quarter, although both continued to be stronger than the national median. The total risk-based capital ratio slipped by 43 basis points to 19.06 percent—still significantly better than the national median of 16.27 percent. Banks' dependence on the use of noncore funding (as opposed to more stable traditional deposits) climbed 1.22 percentage points to 18.58 percent, compared to the national median of 19.57 percent.
Data for the 21 banks in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan and the nation are found in the tables below. The attachment to this release provides additional data on the characteristics of banks in the region and definitions and explanations of those data.
Data for Michigan and the nation [pdf]
Western Wisconsin Banks Report Improvement in Third Quarter 2014, with Some Metrics Still Lagging Benchmarks
The 52 Wisconsin banks in the Federal Reserve Ninth District reported a reduction in problem loans in the third quarter of 2014, some loan growth and a gain in earnings, but gaps between benchmarks still exist, according to Ron Feldman, executive vice president of Supervision, Regulation and Credit at the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "At the median, western Wisconsin banks achieved reduction in problem loans during the third quarter, but this metric lags the nation," he said. "And while earnings were up a little, they are at a lower level than a year ago."
In the third quarter of 2014, banks in the western part of Wisconsin saw a 2.2 percentage point drop in problem loans (as a percentage of funds set aside to cover potential loan losses) to 10.88 percent. Despite the decline, that level of problem loans remains higher than the 8.33 percent U.S. median.
Western Wisconsin bank earnings, as measured by the return on average assets, increased a mere 2 basis points from the previous quarter to 0.91 percent, on par with the national median. By a longer-run view, earnings are still below the historically normal levels above 1 percent and are a bit below the level from a year ago.
The year-over-year growth in the outstanding balance of loans at banks in the western part of Wisconsin increased 48 basis points to the highest rate since 2009, at 3.54 percent in the third quarter, but still well below the 6.05 percent national rate.
Key measures of capital and liquidity remain strong. The total risk-based capital ratio of 17.10 percent is near record highs. Noncore funding as a percentage of liabilities fell by 97 basis points to 16.79 percent. Both metrics compare favorably with the rest of the country.
The data for the 52 banks in western Wisconsin and the nation are found in the tables below. The attachment to this release provides additional data on the characteristics of banks in the region and definitions and explanations of those data.
Data for Wisconsin and the nation [pdf]
Twin Cities Banks Report Some Improvement in Third Quarter 2014, but Earnings Continue to Lag
Banks in the Twin Cities metropolitan area turned in improvement across key metrics of health in the third quarter of 2014, according to Ron Feldman, executive vice president of Supervision, Regulation and Credit at the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Twin Cities banks reduced problem loans in the third quarter, and loan growth continued to show strong improvement, but earnings were relatively flat and remain below historically normal levels," he said.
While still below the national and state of Minnesota median growth rates, Twin Cities loan growth continued to make notable gains in the third quarter, increasing by 1½ percentage points. The metro area's four-quarter net loan growth increased to 5.24 percent—up more than 5 percentage points from last year.
Problem assets were down slightly at the median Twin Cities metro bank, as measured by the value of loans that are behind in their payments as a percentage of the resources banks have set aside to cover potential losses. The measure stands at 6.99 percent, 46 basis points lower than a quarter earlier and down nearly 4½ percentage points from a year ago. By comparison, the national bank figure stands at 8.33 percent.
Return on average assets, a key measure of earnings, was relatively flat, improving by only 3 basis points to 0.92 percent, on par with the national median rate but below the long-run median return of 1.10 percent.
Key indicators of liquidity and capital remain strong. The total risk-based capital ratio gained 21 basis points to 15.97 percent. The median use of noncore funding (as opposed to more stable traditional deposits) slipped by 5 basis points to 13.11 percent, still considerably outperforming the 19.66 percent median for U.S. banks overall.
The data for the 88 commercial banks in the 13-county Minneapolis-St. Paul metro area and the nation are found in the tables below. The attachment to this release provides additional data on the characteristics of banks in the region and definitions and explanations of those data.
Data for the Twin Cities Metro and the nation [pdf]


Our Awards Banquet promises to again offer an evening of entertainment, fun, and socially uplifting enjoyment. Spend time with us as we recognize some of what is great about our community. Listen to the recipients as they recount the feats that led to this fest. Hear about some decisions that have made an impact for the good of our community. Applaud those that apply what they have in order for all of us to benefit. Your decisions regarding local purchases help our business community everyday, now take this day to honor those who help us.
Our theme this year is Hawaiian, grass skirts are optional.
February 9th, from 6:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m.


Glomus tumors, also known as 'paragangliomas', are slow-developing and mostly benign tumors that are seen growing in the carotid artery in the neck, in the middle ear or below the middle ear in the jugular bulb.
Although, Glomus tumors are mostly benign, they may cause damage to the surrounding tissue as they develop larger in size eventually.
What are the signs and symptoms of Glomus Tumors?
There are various symptoms that can be seen in case of Glomus tumors however the exact symptoms depend on the location of the paragangliomas.
How are Glomus Tumors diagnosed?
The doctor will initially perform a complete physical examination to check for abnormal growth in the neck region and discuss the symptoms to determine the location of the tumors.
MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) test - This allows to see the state of the soft tissues around the suspected tumor.
CT (computerized tomography) scan - This test shows a clear image of the neck structure and shows and abnormal growths in the soft tissue (tumors).
Angiogram - This requires the doctor to administer a contrast dye before using x-ray tests to create clear images of the neck structure with the arteries highlighted against the other structures.
How are Glomus Tumors treated?
The main form of treatment for Glomus tumors is the highly-advanced minimally invasive expanded endonasal approach (EEA). This surgery uses the nasal passage (nostrils) to extract the tumor from the neck region.
This ultra-modern tumor removal technique requires the surgeon to make no incisions. The surgeon will simply remove the rear half of the nasal wall that divides the two nostrils. They surgeon will also remove a small part of the bone in the front portion of the para-nasal sinuses. This allows the surgeon to reach the base of the skull.
The tumors are removed with the guidance of advanced imaging techniques using endoscope. After the removal of the Glomus tumor, the surgeon will re-construct the skull base using a flap of tissue from the septal membrane and helps to prevent any complications.
This advanced and minimally invasive tumor removal technique is highly beneficial as it prevents the various complications from conventional skull base surgery, including infection and other side effects of brain retraction. The hospital stay after the surgery is considerably shorter as is the recovery time at home.
Why choose Surgery Tours India for Glomus Tumor treatment in India?
Surgery Tours India Medical Tourism is well-connected to the world's largest network of comprehensive healthcare facilities in India which spans across all its major cities such as Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore,Chennai, etc. These are highly-advanced and ultra-modern healthcare facilities managed by India's finest and most experienced medical professionals and specialists. Surgery Tours India offers best and most affordable Glomus tumor surgery in India to our patient.


text:
CIA Maps of the World Countries and Regions in High Resolution Formats
Free High Resolution Maps of World Regions
Exceptionally nice collection of high quality map images from the CIA World Factbook 2008. Below are some low resolution sample images. Click on the links below to access the high resolution maps in jpg and pdf format.
Here's a low resolution sample of the Middle-East map with a zoomed in portion below it that was captured from the PDF format map.
Download CIA Maps of the World Countries and Regions
ToxicRisk.com Toxic Chemicals and School Children
Our Google Maps mashup project is based upon EPA Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) data released March 19,2009 and schools in the U.S. Links are provided to RTK Net for detailed chemical pollution release data and Scorecard for chemical information.
Toxic Chemical Pollution Releases and Schools
As you zoom in you will see a change in the icons of the facilities near the center of the map - these are the ones that you can click on and find the facility name, number of schools within 1 mile and number of schools within 5 miles of the facility plus a link to a database about the toxic history of the facility. You can also click on a chemical to learn more about associated risks. The schools will appear as you zoom in. As you zoom in further, you will see the school icon change - at that point you can click on the school to view its name.
Using the Maps
Zoom in or enter some search criteria to begin your discovery of toxic chemical risks near your schools and in your community. Note that a search brings you to a fairly zoomed in map. You may wish to zoom out a bit to see what toxics might be in the surrounding region.
For 2007, 21,996 facilities, including federal facilities, reported to the TRI Program. They reported 4.1 billion pounds of on-site and off-site disposal or other releases of the almost 650 toxic chemicals. Click here for more about EPA's Toxic Release Inventory.
Very Short History of the Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
The Bhopal disaster or Bhopal gas tragedy was an industrial disaster that took place at a Union Carbide subsidiary pesticide plant in the city of Bhopal, India. On 3 December 1984, the plant released 42 tons of toxic methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas, exposing more than 500,000 people to toxic gases. The first official immediate death toll was 2,259. A more probable figure is that 8,000 died within two weeks, and it is estimated that an additional 8,000 have since died from gas-related diseases.
The short story is that the U.S. responded to this disaster by introducing the Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) in 1987. While the TRI does not cover all of the toxic risks we face in our neighborhoods, it is a good place to start to build a community toxic inventory. See below for the other data that will soon be added to the maps allowing you to build a more comprehensive community toxic inventory.
Shapefile Downloads
To enable you to create your own community toxics inventory, we have prepared Toxic Release Inventory GIS shapefiles for you to download. These come packaged with base layers like state boundaries, waterways, roads, etc. You don't have to be a GIS professional to use these. They also come packaged with instructions for using these with our free Lear2Map GIS Tutorial and Atlas.
TRI with Google Earth
We have also prepared Google Earth maps based on the TRI data.
Unfortunately, after all these years and with the availability of GPS technology, there are still hundreds of facilities that report no latitude or longitude. We have prepared Excel spreadsheets for you to download so that you can see the facilities that are not on the maps at present. If you have information about the location of facilities that are missing or mis-located, please email me. With your help, we'll make the data more accurate for everyone.
Community Toxic Risk Maps
Currently we have two projects at ToxicRisk.com. The first is map-based using the latest Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) data released March 19, 2009. The second is a searchable database of EPA Risk Management Plans (RMP) submitted to EPA in 1999. In the near future we will be adding this data to the maps as well as the more recent 2004 RMP submissions. For more about the Risk Management Plan, visit EPA's Risk Management Plan website.
More Coming in our Community Toxic Risk Mapping Series
In the near future we'll be adding the following to our database and maps. Be sure to also check out our Google Earth Maps of the recenlty released Toxic Release Inventory data. Note that all of our data is obtained from publicly available websites provided by RTK Net and the U.S. EPA:
Risk Management Plans (RMP)
The RMP includes an accident history, chemicals stored on-site, emergency response plans and much more. This data is much more useful but is not nearly as available to the public as the TRI. In fact, the most important portion - the worst case scenarios in case of an accidental release - were never distributed widely. Check our resources for more about this. We have provided a data search of the RMP that is based on the 1999 submissions - the first round of reports. In the near future we will be adding this data plus the latest (2004) submission to the toxic risk maps.
Water Pollution (PCS)
The EPA PCS is a national computerized management information system that automates entry, updating, and retrieval of National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) data and tracks permit issuance, permit limits and monitoring data, and other data pertaining to facilities regulated under NPDES. The NPDES permit program regulates direct discharges from municipal and industrial wastewater treatment facilities that discharge into the navigable waters of the United States. Wastewater treatment facilities (also called "point sources") are issued NPDES permits regulating their discharge. Reports for those facilities identified by EPA as "Major" include the names and amounts of chemicals and other substances that are discharged.
Superfund Sites NPL
Information on Superfund sites was obtained from the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Information System (CERCLIS), which is the official repository for site and non-site specific Superfund data in support of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA, or Superfund). Sites are placed on the National Priorities List (NPL) by EPA if they have uncontrolled releases of hazardous substances that are priorities for long-term remediation and response.
Superfund Sites "No Further Action"
There are approximately 24,000 sites that have been included in CERCLIS in the past, but for which EPA requires no further action under the Federal Superfund program.
Superfund Sites NOT on NPL
These are Superfund sites where there is ongoing Federal interest or potential Federal activity, but where the hazard posed is not sufficiently significant or time-critical for the site to be placed on the NPL.
Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
The TRI System (TRIS) contains data submitted to EPA by regulated facilities concerning chemicals and chemical categories listed by the Agency under Section 313 of the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act. Data contained in the system include chemicals present, amount of on-site use, releases and off-site transfers (including Publicly-Owned Treatment Works, POTWs), on-site treatment, and minimization/prevention actions. TRIS contains information about releases and transfers of more than 600 toxic chemicals and compounds to the environment. We have included data for TRI facilities that reported their 1997 releases and transfers. Further data and information about the facility and chemicals released and transferred are provided through links to RTK Net.
Hazardous Waste Facilities
Information contained in the Hazardous Waste information is taken from the EPA Biennial Reporting System (BRS). It contains information on facilities that treat, store, or dispose (TSD) of RCRA hazardous wastes or are classified as Large Quantity Generators (LQGs) under RCRA. A RCRA hazardous waste is a waste that is both (a) described by one or more federal RCRA waste codes, and (b) is not exempted from RCRA regulations. RCRA classifies as LQG a facility that either (a) generated 1,000 kg or more of RCRA hazardous waste in a single month; (b) generated in a single month or accumulated at any time 1 kg of RCRA acute hazardous waste; or (c) generated or accumulated at any time more than 100 kg of spill clean up material contaminated with a RCRA acute hazardous waste. Reports for those facilities identified by EPA as "Waste Managers" list amount and type of disposal.
AIRS Facilities
EPA's Office of Air and Radiation stores information on air quality, point source emissions, and area/mobile source data required by federal regulation from the 50 states in its Aerometric Information Retrieval System (AIRS). States are required by the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) to report to EPA annual emissions estimates for point sources emitting greater than or equal to 100 tons per year of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), particulate matter less than 10 microns in size (PM-10); 1000 tons per year of carbon monoxide (CO); or 5 tons per year of lead (Pb). The Clean Air Act Amendments also require states to report emissions data for point sources in areas where air pollution exceeds Federal standards (nonattainment areas).
Please note that this website does NOT provide the Offsite Consequence Analysis section of the Risk Management Plans as provided by law. Please see our resources for more about this important issue.
Update: September 16, 2009 A.M. - Zeros Count
Using the raw EPA data, many facility reports show zero releases. RTK Net has a different (and we think, better) approach to this. We will be switching to the RTK Net TRI data. Click here for more about this.
Update: June 28, 2009 P.M. - Chemicals linked to Scorecard.org
Each chemical a facility released is now linked to the Scorecard.org website. At Scorecard.org you will be able to find out much more about the chemical released near your schools and in your neighborhoods. Details include such things as: human health hazards, hazard rankings, chemical use profile, ranking of chemicals by reported environmental releases in the United States, regulatory coverage, basic testing to identify chemical hazards, and information still needed for safety assessment.
Update: April 20, 2009 P.M. - Schools Added to Maps
We have added schools to the maps. The maps are now a bit faster and easier to navigate. As you zoom in you will see a change in the icons of the facilities near the center of the map - these are the ones that you can click on and find the facility name, number of schools within 1 mile and number of schools within 5 miles of the facility plus a link to a database about the toxic history of the facility. The schools will appear as you zoom in. As you zoom in further, you will see the school icon change - at that point you can click on the school to view its name.
Note that ToxicRisk.com is based on 2007 TRI data. The 2008 TRI data is now available and, as we find the resources to do so, we hope to update with the new data soon.
Go to ToxicRisk.com Now
Learn More About and Access the 2008 TRI Data Released December 2009
Posted by Mike Meuser at 9:54 AM No comments:
Labels: toxic school interactive web maps mashup google earth download free mapcruzin
World Oil Reserves, Production and Exploration Free Map Downloads
Here are some free oil reserve, production and exploration maps.
World - Crude Oil Seaborne Trade 1994 (IMO) [PDF]
World - Oil Reserves (Energy Bulletin)
World - Oil Reserves (The Independent)
Africa - Geology, Oil and Gas Fields - Clickable Map (USGS)
Arabian Peninsula Geology, Oil and Gas Fields - Clickable Map (USGS)
Arctic - Geology, Oil and Gas Fields (USGS)
Asia - East - Geology, Oil and Gas Fields - Clickable Map (USGS)
Asia - South - Geology, Oil and Gas Fields - Clickable Map (USGS)
Asia - Southeast - Geology, Oil and Gas Fields - Clickable Map (USGS)
Australia and New Zealand - Geology, Oil and Gas Fields - Clickable Map (USGS)
Australia - Oil and Gas Pipelines (Pipeliner.com)
Australia, Western - Energy Map (Office of Energy) [PDF]
Barents Sea Region - Oil and Gas Development and Seabird Colonies (UNEP/GRID)
Canada - Alberta Oil Sands (Alberta Geological Society)
Canada - Alberta Oil Sands Lease Map (Canadian Oil Sands Trust)
Canada - British Columbia Petroleum Finder Map
Canada - British Columbia Offshore Petroleum Maps (B.C. Ministry of Energy and Mines)
Caspian Region Oil Pipelines, U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, April 2002 (PCL Map Collection) (633K) [PDF]
[Caspian Region] Oil and Gas Infrastructure in the Caspian Sea Region, CIA, March 2001 (PCL Map Collection) (2.5 MB)
China - Geology, Oil and Gas Fields - Clickable Map (USGS)
Europe - Crude Oil Pipelines (INOGATE)
Europe - Existing and Planned Natural Gas Pipelines to Europe (PCL Map Collection) from U.S. Energy Information Administration, Country Analysis Briefs, Major Russian Oil and Natural Gas Pipeline Projects, March 2005 (183K)
Europe - Geology, Oil and Gas Fields (USGS)
Europe - Natural Gas Pipelines (INOGATE)
Greece-Italy Gas Pipeline (Edison)
India - BG India Operations Map (BG India)
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OCPA membership runs on an annual basis from January 1st to December 31st. OCPA does not offer a pro-rated membership fee based on when you join OCPA or renew from the previous year. As a courtesy, members who join after September 1st are automatically renewed for the following year.
Effective January 1, 2016, OCPA no longer accepts checks or cash as a form of payment for membership or event registration. Please log in to your OCPA account to submit electronic payment via credit card, debit card or PayPal.
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Voting Membership - $75.00 (USD) Subscription period: 1 year, on: January 1st No automatically recurring payments A VOTING MEMBER is a paralegal who meets the definition of California Business & Professions Code Section 6450 et seq. and Article III, Section 3 of the Association's bylaws, who resides or is employed in California, and who has worked as a paralegal for at least the six months previous to the date on his/her membership application. Only Voting Members shall be "Members" as defined in Section 5056 of the California Corporations Code. Voting Members have the right to vote on all matters brought before the membership of OCPA, and have the right to hold office within the Association.
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La Prospettiva Drammaturgica è un peculiare tipo di approccio sociologico alla vita quotidiana (più in particolare questa prospettiva drammaturgica è una corrente delle cosiddette sociologie comprendenti) che Erving Goffman assume con insistenza in The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life (1959) tradotto in Italia nel 1969 da Margherita Ciacci in La vita quotidiana come rappresentazione.

In questa prospettiva, le  particolari istituzioni della società - da quelle domestiche a quelle professionali - per essere studiate, sono metaforicamente analizzate come se fossero delle rappresentazioni teatrali dotate di attori che, dopo essersi preparati in un retroscena, recitano su una ribalta, di fronte ad un pubblico. Gruppi di individui che recitano sulla medesima ribalta formano delle "équipe" di collaborazione, che cercano di proiettare verso il pubblico una determinata definizione della situazione.
I camerieri di un ristorante, ad esempio, secondo l'approccio drammaturgico, di fronte ai loro clienti, s'impegnano continuamente per proiettare una definizione della situazione in cui loro, da buoni lavoratori, svolgono con attenzione e cortesia i loro compiti. D'altro canto, i clienti, tenderanno ad adottare delle strategie comportamentali volte a sottolineare il loro status, la loro educazione ecc. È tuttavia probabile che il cameriere (l'attore), una volta abbandonata la ribalta (la sala dei clienti) e raggiunto il retroscena (ad esempio la cucina) si impegni con i compagni del retroscena (i colleghi e i cuochi) in discorsi che non sarebbero appropriati di fronte ai clienti. Lo stesso potrebbe valere per i commenti che i clienti si scambiano sul personale del ristorante.
Si tratta dunque di un approccio che si concentra sullo studio delle coalizioni tra attori o tra pubblico, sulle condizioni per la riuscita di una messa in scena, sui rischi delle rappresentazioni, sui passaggi che intercorrono tra il retroscena e la ribalta.

Voci correlate
 La vita quotidiana come rappresentazione
 Erving Goffman

Sociologia della comunicazione

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


built-in compile() should take encoding option.
Created on 2009-05-03 01:55 by inada.naoki, last changed 2010-08-25 04:12 by benjamin.peterson. This issue is now closed.
compile_with_encoding.patch inada.naoki, 2009-10-03 16:23 add encoding option and test.
The built-in compile() expects source is encoded in utf-8.
Below is current compile() behavior.
# Python's interactive shell in Windows cp932 console.
# compile() fails to decode str.
# compile() encodes unicode to utf-8.
'\xe3\x81\x82' # '\x82\xa0' (cp932) wanted, but I get utf-8.
But I feel compile() with PEP0263 is bit dirty hack.
compile() is cleaner way and it doesn't break backward compatibility.
Following example is describe behavior of compile() with encoding option.
Anyone interested in producing an updated patch?
This problem is not heavy on Python 3.
Because Python 3's byte string can't contain non-ASCII string directory.
So passing unicode string to the compile() is good enough for all cases I can imagine.


PlanetSide 2 is going to be Sony's marquis free-to-play MMO shooter on the PlayStation 4, and when I say "free-to-play," I mean absolutely and unequivocally mean "free-to-play." Sony Online Entertainment has confirmed that you won't be needing a PlayStation Plus subscription to play this game online.
Director Matt Higby made the announcement in a PlayStation Blog post.
PlanetSide 2 has already been available for PCs for about a year and a half, and it has gotten plenty of positive praise from its enthusiastic community. PlayStation fans were worried about free online play with PlayStation Plus required to play most PlayStation 4 games online, so hopefully this will clear the air a little bit.
Along with the worldwide release expected later this year, Higby also announced new content that will go live with the PlayStation 4 launch.
One of the best things about working on a game like PlanetSide 2 is that it's a living, evolving game that's constantly being updated and improved upon. In addition to work being done for PS4, the team is working on a lot of content and game systems enhancements to the live game. Some of the biggest features we're excited to deliver in the next few months are: Hossin, our fourth full 64sqkm continent, an advanced achievement system called Directives, player-driven continent conquest/locking, and expansions to our game's Outfits systems.
Any PlanetSide 2 fans excited to play this on the PlayStation 4? I played the first one many years ago for a little while and saw potential for a bigger and better game tucked away inside. Maybe Sony Online Entertainment has finally fully realized its vision. We'll have a chance to find out when it launches worldwide later this year.


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103 Virginia Square Apartments in Sioux City, IA offer apartments for rent in the Sioux City, IA area.
103 Virginia Square Apartments are strategically located in downtown Sioux City's old Warehouse District. 103 Virginia Square is a group of renovated historic buildings. 103 Virginia Square has been converted into 20 industrial style apartments with quartz, luxury flooring and other high-end finishes. With easy access from I-29 and within walking distance to Historical 4th Streets entertainment district, Virginia Square has plenty of parking and amenities, including brand new stainless steel appliances, polished cement floors, breakfast bar, central air/heat, walk-in closets, in-unit washer and dryer, security monitor and much more! 103 Virginia Square Apartments provide controlled access, an elevator, roof top patio, and snow removal! This exciting urban, industrial-style living at its finest. Call and schedule your appointment with 103 Virginia Square Apartments today!
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Take I-29 to Wesley Way. Take 3rd Street east to Virginia St. 103 Virginia Square Apartments are located on the west side of Virginia Street.


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25 Years after the ICPD: Population and Development for a Sustainable Future in Thailand
Publisher: UNFPA
Author: UNFPA Thailand
Summary of the report:
Thailand has undergone remarkable demographic changes since the time of ICPD 25 years ago. Life expectancy has risen, fertility has fallen to well below replacement level, with a steadily declining number of births. As a result, the share of population in the working ages has increased, but both its share and numbers have now started to decline, and the population is ageing rapidly. These demographic changes bring both challenges and opportunities.
Thailand's achievements have been noteworthy. It is now categorized by the World Bank as an upper-middle-income country. The health care system is strong. The Universal Health Coverage Initiative – the envy of many other countries aiming to improve their health care systems - has sharply reduced poverty arising from health emergencies; safe motherhood advances have led to very low maternal death rates; effective provision of family planning services has reduced unmet need for family planning to low levels; HIV prevalence has been much reduced. On the education front, secondary schooling is now accessible to most children, including those residing in remote areas; and the number of Thai workers with a bachelors degree has doubled in each recent decade.
This progress can be celebrated. Yet the challenges Thailand faces are immense. The key to becoming a developed country with stability, prosperity and sustainability by 2037 is investment in human capital development, notably in the areas of education and health of the Thai people. In the face of a shrinking labour force, productivity of workers must rise significantly. Moving the economy up the value chain will require a much more skilled workforce. In a competitive world, it is necessary to aim high, and everything possible needs to be done to raise educational performance in Thailand and level the playing field by providing better educational opportunities for those disadvantaged by poverty or inaccessibility.
Thailand has responded positively to the ICPD vision for a comprehensive approach to population and development, including enabling people to make informed choices about their sexual and reproductive health as a matter of fundamental human rights. However, more can be done to broaden the concept of family planning to cover the variety of reproductive futures based on individuals' and couples' choices according to their specific fertility goals.
Overall, while recognizing that more needs to be done in many spheres, Thailand's planners are confident that they are moving in the right direction in formulating and implementing policies relating to population and development that will ensure a sustainable future for the country.
See Policy brief of the report here.
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On August 11th (KST), Pearl Abyss has introduced the planned updates for Black Desert Online at the Black Desert Online Remastered Showcase, along with the graphical and audio remaster version of the game and a new 4K trailer. The future updates include simplified UI along with remastered graphics, more Black Spirit's Rage skills, reworked main story, new area, third Dream Horse, new class, a new system that requires alt characters, new hunting mode, and a reworked marketplace.
Starting from the Warrior, all classes will have more Black Spirit's Rage skills. Also, the newly added Black Spirit's Rage skills will not require 100% or 200% Rage. For example, the Warrior will be able to use Black Spirit's Rage Merciless with 25% Rage, and Black Spirit's Rage Slashing the Dead with 50% Rage. Merciless and Slashing the Dead with Black Spirit's Rage will also have additional skill effects such as increased damage/AoE. The Warrior's new Black Spirit's Rage skills will live in the game next week.
Pearl Abyss revealed that they have been worrying that the combat in early game might be too easy and the main story quests are too linear. In order to make the early gameplay more dynamic, Pearl Abyss will revamp the main story and the leveling routes. The difficulty of the monsters that players confront during early game will be adjusted, and there will be a total of three quest routes until they reach Calpheon. Route A will be the same as the current story where the character meets Jordine, route B will feature more combat and helping out the villagers, and route C will feature the political fight between Serendian Merchants and Calpheon Nobles. The players will have to go to different grind spots in each route.
Also, a new area will be added in the Kamasylvia territory. The Audilita area is the darkest region in Kamasylvia, the land where the exiled Ahib tribes dwell. Colussus of the Forest will be a new grind area in Audilita. Like Gyfin Rhasis Temple, the area is designed for party play. However, the gameplay will be more like a raid in the new area, as the players will have to attack a single monster together.
Along with the new region, a new Dream Horse and a new class are coming to Black Desert Online as well. Doom, the third T9 Dream Horse after Arduanatt and Dine, is a horse of destruction that burns down its enemies with deadly fire. The new class and the 17th class in Black Desert Online will be male Ranger. The highly anticipated male Ranger class will not share the same main-hand and off-hand weapon with the female Ranger and will use new types of weapons. The main-hand weapon will be a Crossbow, and the off-hand weapon will be Magic Gloves. Although the male Ranger will have slower attack speed compared to the female Ranger, he will have a heavy and powerful single blow that can sweep away enemies. The male Ranger is scheduled to be added to the game this coming winter.
New Hunting mode and a new farming system will be added as well. In order to add more dynamic to the current Hunting gameplay, a new mode called the Sniper mode will be added to Hunting. Using the Sniper mode, players will be able to hunt the monsters that are hard to approach or hard to kill with a matchlock. The aim will be disrupted by many factors like the character breathing and the wind, and the aim precision will increase as the character's Hunting Mastery becomes higher. If you aim the vital point of the target, you will be able to one-shot the target.
The Subjugation Party system is a system where you can use your alt characters. You can send the characters you are not currently playing and a few hired mercenaries to a subjugation mission and obtain some rare items as a reward.
Lastly, a new marketplace system will be implemented. In the new marketplace system, players will be able to conveniently sell or purchase items by placing silver/items in a virtual marketplace. Players can enter the amount of money they want to spend on an item that they wish to buy or the amount of money they want for an item they are trying to sell within a certain price limit, and if the prices match the item will be sold or purchased immediately. Pearl Abyss lastly revealed that their next goal is to develop a system where players can search the marketplace outside of the game using a smartphone.
Getting 56+ takes a few days without game experience and money. It is good for some reason but it is very bad for combat/class experience and entertainment I guess.
> ...and the main story quests are too linear.
I have watched some videos from test server with new graphic settings, they looks pretty fine.
No mention of the new UI - I am honestly most excited about that!
I've been playing ranger for 2 years now. The only way I'd switch to male ranger is if his awakening is a semi mobile Balista.
@That_Guy It's a large Greatbow.
What date the winter Starts?