text:
Five nights at freddy s / Тексты песен
the living tombstone - Five Nights at Freddy's song
DAGames - Break My Mind (Five Nights At Freddy's 4 Song)
FNAF - Five nights at Freddy's
DAGames - I'm The Purple Guy (Five Nights At Freddy's 3 Song)
Five Nights At Freddy's 2 Rap by JT Machinima - - "Five More Nights"
Five Nights at Freddy's - 3
The Living Tombstone - Five Nights at Freddy's 2 Song - It's Been So Long (FNAF2)
Sayonara Maxwell - Five nights at Freddy's 2
the living tombstone - Five nights at freddy's 3 song
DAGames - FIVE NIGHTS AT FREDDY'S 4 SONG (BREAK MY MIND)
NateWantsToBattle - FNaF Song - "The Finale" (Five Nights at Freddy's Lyric Music Video)
Five Nights at Freddy's - ???
The Living Tombstone - Five Nights at Freddy's 2 - It's Been So Long (FNAF2)
DAGames - FIVE NIGHTS AT FREDDY'S 3 SONG (It's Time To Die)
Griffinilla - Stay Calm (Five nights at Freddy's)
Sayonara Maxwell - Five nights at Freddy's
The living tombstone - Five nights at Freddy's 3
The Living Tombstone - Five Nights at Freddy's (на русском)
Rissy - Five Nights at Freddy's 3 Song - The Hunt (Original MiaRissyTV Song)
WeirdStone - Five Nights At Freddy's 4 Song [RusCover]
Five Nights at Freddy's Rap by JT Machinima - - "Five Long Nights"
Five nights at Freddy's - Пойми на этот раз. Бой не начнём сейчас.
Five Night at Freddy's (русская версия) - Перевод песни FNAF
The Living Tombstone - Five nights at Freddy's [RUS] (Cover by Sayonara)
NateWantsToBattle - Mangled - A Five Nights at Freddy's 2 Song
Groundbreaking - The Bonnie Song | Five Nights at Freddy's |
Aviators - Mechanical Instinct (Five Nights at Freddy's 2 Song)
Sayonara Maxwell - Five Nights at Freddy's (Rus)
GB Feat. Nicole Gene - The Mangle (Five Nights at Freddy's Song)
fnaf 3 - Y.G.I.O. [Game Over] - Five Nights at Freddy's Song
The Living Tombstone - Five Nights at Freddy's 1 song
The Living Tombstone - Five Nights at Freddy's Song [RUS]
The Living Tombstone - Five Nights at Freddy's 3 RUS
TryHardNinja - FIVE NIGHTS AT FREDDY'S 4 SONG
DAGames - FIVE NIGHTS AT FREDDY'S 4 SONG (BREAK MY MIND) LYRIC VIDEO - DAGames
JT Machinima - Five Nights at Freddy's 4 Rap "We Don't Bite"
Rissy - [Wutabout] What about Five Nights at Freddy's [Original MiaRissyTV Song]
DAGames - It's Time to Die: five nights at freddys 3
MiatriSs - Five Night's at Freddy's 4 Song
Five nights at Freddy's 1 2 3 4 5 - Foxi Bony Chica five nights at freddys 2
Five nights at Freddy's 2 - Русское исполнение песни "Five night at Freddy 2"
Five Nights at Freddy's 2 - Phone Guy (Night 3)
Five Nights at Freddy's SONG by TryHardNinja - It's Me
Five nights at Freddy's 1 2 3 4 5 - FNAF's song (RUS)
Trickywi (Five Nights At Freddy's 3) - Children's Requiem
Five nights at Freddy's 1 2 3 4 5 - fnaf песня на русском
Chika the chiken (Five Nights At Freddy's) - I broke my friends did not
Five Night At Freddy's Bon Bon and Bonnie - Fnaf 1,2
Five nights at Freddy's - FNAF2
Five Nights at Freddy's Mia'Ss - FNaF1 [Game Over] - Конец Игры [RUS]
Five Nights at Freddy's - 5 ночей с Фрэдди
Five Nights At Freddy's Song - Song "SpringTrap"
Five nights at Freddy's 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 - Песня пять ночей с мишкой Фредди 8
Five nights at Freddy's 1 2 3 4 5 - песня пять ночей с фредди номер 2 из 1 части
Five Nights At Freddy's на русском - пять ночей с фредди-файв найт эт фреддис
FIVE NIGHTS AT FREDDY'S 3 SONG - "Follow Me" By TryHardNinja
Five Nights At Freddy's - No More
Five Nights at Freddy's 3 - Слышен шум из коридора
FIVE NIGHTS AT FREDDY'S - SONG! (Cover)
Five Nights at Freddy's 4 Rap song - "We Don't Bite"
Five nights at Freddy's 2 - Выживешь ли ты эту ночь
five nights at freddys 3 - It's Time to Die
Five Night's at Freddy's 2 - Mangle
AxxioMa Хаслер - Five Nights At Freddy's Song - Song "SpringTrap" - Five Nights At Freddy's 3
TryHardNinja - Five Nights At Freddy's Song "HALLOWEEN AT FREDDY'S" (Lyrics)
FNAF 2 by Bonnie - Survive the Night (Five Nights at Freddy's 2 Song)
песня из 5 ночей с фредди 2 - Survive the Night(Five Nights at Freddy's 2 song) поёт Toy bonny
Random Encounters ft. Markiplier - FNAF (Five Nights at Freddy's) - The Musical. Night 1
Toy Bonnie - Survive the Night [RUS] (Five Nights at Freddy's 2 Song)
MandoPon - Survive the Night(Five Nights at Freddy's 2 song)
Sayonara Maxwell - Five Nights at Freddy's 2 [RUS] Cover A.S
TryHardNinja - It's Me (Five Nights at Freddy's Song)
PonyFireStone - The Living Tombstone - Five Nights At Freddy's (PonyFireStone Remix)
Неизвестен - 'Just Gold' - Five Nights at Freddy's song by MandoPony
Sayonara Maxwell - Five Nights at Freddy's 2 Song [Alternative Metal cover by Mia & Rissy]
Ben Drowned - Five nights at Freddy's
Sayonara Maxwell - Five Nights at Freddy's 2 SONG
GatoPaint - Haunted ( Five Nights at Freddy's 2 Song )
TryHardNinja - FIVE NIGHTS AT FREDDY'S 3 SONG - Just An Attraction
Sayonara Maxwell - Five Nights at Freddy's (acapella)
Sayonara Maxwell & µThunder - Not The End (Five Nights at Freddy's 3 SONG)
FNAF - Five Nights At Freddy's 2 Song
NateWantsToBattle - "No More" - A Five Nights at Freddy's Song (FNAF) by NateWantsToBattle
Мангл Аниматроник - Five Nights at Freddy's
The Living Tombstone (RUS) - Five Nights at Freddy's Song
SNK - [RGS] Five Nights at Freddy's 3 (一.部 mtrz prod.)
Sayonara Maxwell - Five nights at freddy's Song [RUS]
Sayonara Maxwell - Five Nights at Freddy's Song
MiatriSs - Five Nights at Freddy's 2
N1ke_G@mes - Five Nights at Freddy's песня на русском
EileMonty - AN ANIMATRONIC LOVE SONG [Five Nights at Freddy's]
The Living Tombstone - Five Nights At Freddy's Song (TIFWhitney Remix)
The Living Tomstone - Five Nights at Freddy's 2
FNAF - Five Nights At Freddy's 2
Dj Twin_YDi - Five nights at freddy's 3
GatoPaint - The Puppet (Five Nights at Freddy's 2 Song)
[Alternative Metal cover by Mia & Rissy] - [Sayonara Maxwell] Five Nights at Freddy's 2 - Song
Топ 5 песен про пять ночей с Фреди - 3 место Five Nights at Freddy's 2-song[RUS]
The Living Tombstone - Five Nights At Freddy's 3 Song (Die in a Fire)
TryHardNinja - FIVE NIGHTS AT FREDDY'S 3 "Follow Me" Instrumental
MORIS - Рэп баттл: Five Nights at Freddy's vs. Outlast
WeirdStone - Break My Mind (Five Nights At Freddy's 4 Song) [RUS COVER]
Groundbreaking - A Bitter End | Five Nights at Freddy s Song | Groundbreaking
The Living Tombstone - Five Nights at Freddy's 4 Song - I Got No Time (FNAF4)
The Living Tombstone - Five Nights at Freddy's 4 Song - I Got No Time
Zalzar - SpringTrap's Sorrow [Five Night's At Freddy's 3 song]
Scott Cawthon - Five Night's At Freddy's
Five nights at Freddy's 1 2 3 4 5 - Survive the Night(Five Nights at Freddy's 2 song)
Five Nights at Freddy"s 3 - Five Nights at Freddy's 3 - It's Been So Long (FNAF3)
Five nights at Freddy's 1 2 3 4 5 - FIVE NIGHTS at FREDDY'S 2
Five nights at Freddy's 1 2 3 4 5 - Five nights at Freddy's [RUS]
Five Night at Freddy's 2 - Five Night at Freddy's 2
Five nights at Freddy's 1 2 3 4 5 - Five Nights at Freddy's [RUS] (violin and vocal cover)
Five Nights at Freddy's 2 - Five Nights at Freddy's 2( англ ремикс)
five night at freddy's 3 - The Puppet (Five Nights at Freddy's 3 Song)
Five nights at Freddy's 1 2 3 4 5 - Five night at freddy's 2 песня на русском
Five nights at Freddy's MMD (rus) - Five nights at Freddy's MMD (rus)
The Living Tombstone Five Nights at Freddy's 3 Song [rus] - Five Nights at Freddy's 3 Song на русском мужская версия
Five nights at Freddy's - -Survive the Night--Five Nights At Freddys
[SFM FNAF] Five Nights at Freddy's 4 - Halloween Song (Halloween at Freddy's ) by TryHardNinja
Five nights at Freddy's 1 2 3 4 5 - песня Five Nits Freddy*s
Golden Freddy (Five Nights at Freddy's) - Survive the Night
Five Nights At Freddy's - Animatronic's Call (Night 5)
five night at freddy's - Golden freddy
Five Nights At Freddy's Chica Mangle Toy Chica - Survive The Night COVER
Five Nights at Freddy's - Phone Guy (Fourth Night)
Five Nights at Freddy's - Phone Guy (Third Night)
Five Nights at Freddy's 2 - Nightmare Night
Five Nights At Freddy's - Phone Guy (Night 3)
Five Nights at Freddy's SONG - Sweet night (remix)
Five Nights At Freddy's - Survive the Night
OST Five Nights at Freddy's 2 - Survive The Night [RUS]
Five Nights at Freddy's 2 - Survive the Night
The Living Tombstone – Five Nights at Freddy's 2 - It's Been So Long [RUS]
Five Night At Freddy's 2 - Let's celebrate! (ENG)
five night at freddy's - It's Been So Long
Five Nights at Freddy`s - Golden Feddy`s SONG
Five nights at Freddy's 2 - Puppet's song
Survive the Night (Five Nights at Freddy's 2 Song) - Фреди пять ночей 2
Survive the Night (Five Nights at Freddy's 2 Song) - Песня Toy Bonny (на Английском)
Survive the Night(Five Nights at Freddy's 2 song) - Mando Pony
Five Nights At Freddy's 3 - NEUTRAL ENDING
five night at freddy`s - FNAF (ENGL) girl & boy
Five Nights At Freddy's - Song Of This Game
Five nights at Freddy's 1 2 3 4 5 - Борьба Коул и Фокси
Foxy (Five Nights at Freddy's ) - You are a pirate!
Five Nights At Freddy's - Foxy the pirate (We Are The Robot Pirates)
Five nights at Freddy's 1 2 3 4 5 - фнаф
Five Night At Freddy's - FNAF minecraft blocks
Five Nights At Freddy's. - Песенка про главного героя.
Five nights at Freddy's - Chica music
Five Nights At Freddy's 2 Song - Suprise mother faker 2
Five Nights at Freddy's Song - Suprise mother faker
Five nights at Freddy's 3 - Caramel Bon Bon the bunny song
Five Nights at Freddy's. Ролевая. - Борьба Коул и Фокси
Five Nights at Freddy's - The Bonnie Song
Five Nights at Freddy's 2 - Мангл
Five Night At Freddy's 3 - I Love Bonnie.
Five Nights At Freddy's 2 - The Puppet (Sayonara Maxwell Remix)
Five Nights at Freddy's 3 - Owelue the MagicOwl song
Five night at Freddy`s 2 - 5 ночей с фредди марионетка
Five Nights At Freddy's. - Охранник
MiatriSs [Five Nights at Freddy's 2] - Y.G.I.O. [Game Over] - Конец Игры [RUS] На русском
Five nights at Freddy`s 3 - SpringTrap
five nights at freddy's 3 - Рэп :D
Five Nights at Freddy's 2 - Toy Bonnie
Foxy the Pirate (Five Nights at Freddy's) - круто лис из файф найт эд фреди
Five night at Freddy's - english
Five nights at Freddy's - Исполнитель Toy Bonnie
Five Nights At Freddy's - FNAF (русс. версия)
Five Night at Freddy's 2 - Toy Chika and Mangle
Five Night at Freddy's 2 - Toy Chika
Five nights at Freddy`s 3 - the Musical
Five Nights at Freddy's - FNAF 1
Five nights at Freddy`s 1,2,3 - песня спрингтрапа
Five night at Freddy`s 3 - Coming soon
Five Nights at Freddy's 3 Song (Feat. EileMonty and Orko) - Die In A Fire (FNAF3)
FIVE NIGHTS AT FREDDY'S - анимотроники-мошины убийцы
Five nights at Freddy's 1 2 3 4 5 - 5 ночей с фреди песня на русском
Five Nights at Freddy's - Тик-Так..
Five Nights at Freddy's - Песня Бонни!
Five Nights At Freddy's - Song
Five Nights at Freddy's Song - (минус)
FIVE NIGHTS AT FREDDY'S - animatronics song (russian version)
Five Nights At Freddy's - Телефон гай звонит мне в 4 раз
Five nights at Freddy's 1 2 3 4 5 - песня 5 ночей с фреди убю тебя
The Living Tombstone (five night at freddy's 3) - Я надеюсь, что вы умрете в пожаре(FNAF 3)
Five Night at Freddy's 3 - ToyLira
Five nights at Freddy's 1 2 3 4 5 - Behind the Mask (FNaF)
Five Night at Freddy's Foxy - You are a Pirate!
Five nights at Freddy's 1 2 3 4 5 - Песня Марионетки (на Английском)


text:
Blast's Move To Towson's SECU Arena Gets Team Closer To Fan Base
By: Jeff Seidel, November 15, 2017
Even though the Baltimore Blast will be playing in a smaller facility this season and beyond, team officials believe the move from Royal Farms Arena to the suburbs will benefit the Blast financially and bring the team closer to its fan base.
After 37 seasons playing at the arena in downtown Baltimore, the Blast -- which began its quest for a third consecutive Major Arena Soccer League championship Nov. 10 -- signed a three-year deal in late August to make its new home the SECU Arena, located on the campus of Towson University. In an Aug. 31 statement, the Blast said it likes the more convenient parking, better concession stand values and sight lines at SECU Arena.
But the move still represents a significant change. For a soccer game, Royal Farms Arena has a seating capacity of 10,800. The Blast's new home will seat about 4,000.
Last season, the Blast averaged a league-best 6,299 fans per game, according to the Major Arena Soccer League's website. Blast team president and general manager Kevin Healey and team officials are hoping they will sell out at home on a regular basis.
Healey said the Blast's attendance is often driven by group sales, and assistant general manager Mike Conway said they'll need to spread out the groups a bit more due to playing in a smaller site, something they have been working on.
"[This is] going to be a bit of a challenge," Healey said. "It's a bit of a jigsaw puzzle. [We need] to get that puzzle together."
Conway said the move just made sense given the large number of Blast fans in the suburbs.
"We are kind of implanted where the strongest parts of our fan base are," Conway said. "Our strongest part is Baltimore County and Harford County; that's a proven fact, and hopefully this move will benefit not only us but our fan base."
Healey and Conway hope to increase supply and demand while pushing season-ticket sales, advance walk-up and the purchase of mini-plans.
"We were looking at where we do attract our people from, and we attract a lot from the suburbs -- so we moved to the suburbs," Healey said. "We've got to maximize revenue. It's full steam ahead now."
Blast owner Ed Hale praised Towson University officials for their part in helping make the move possible.
"It has been a pleasure to work with Towson University's leadership group to bring our team closer to our core audience," Hale said in the statement. "The University's leadership team has opened their arms and welcomed us into their state-of-the-art-venue."
Fans will be paying a bit more for tickets this season, but the higher prices include parking. Individual tickets range from $23 to $50, but there are discounts for multiple-game packages. Healey said the Blast was not receiving parking revenue from the city while playing at Royal Farms Arena, even if the fans parked in the local garages.
As for concession sales, the Blast did receive money from the Royal Farms Arena, but the team will get a bigger cut at SECU Arena, even though prices are lower.
The move will make it more difficult to buy walk-up tickets, however. Healey said fans shouldn't assume every game will be a sellout, but they should call the ticket office to check.
"They're going to have to kind of get on the stick early and get their tickets ahead of time," Conway said.
Blast officials are still waiting to gauge fan reaction to the move.
Conway said he recently spoke with a season-ticket holder who had been with the team since the 1980s and was unsure about the move. She then came to the fan day the Blast held at SECU Arena in early October and got a good look at the building.
After that, Conway said, the season-ticket holder told him she felt much better about everything.
"It's just different," he said. "Some people are on a wait-and-see thing. The majority understand it and they get it, but not everybody likes change. I am hearing a lot of positives from the local soccer communities, and I think it's going to be a good thing in the long run."
For Blast ticket information fans can visit, baltimoreblast.com/tickets/ or call 410-732-5278
Issue 239: November 2017
With Legg Mason Ending Partnership With Orioles, Center Field Has Different Look
The center field scoreboard in Oriole Park at Camden Yards has a different look this season after Legg Mason Inc. ended its multiyear partnership with the team.
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Anita Marks: 'Daily Wager' Just The Beginning For ESPN, Sports Gambling
March 19 by Jacob Weinberger
ESPN recently debuted "Daily Wager," the network's first-ever gambling show, on ESPNews, and "Daily Wager" contributor and former Baltimore sports radio host Anita Marks believes ESPNews could become an all-gambling channel in the next few years.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Сиби́рский тракт или Моско́вский тракт (другие названия: Главный Сибирский почтовый тракт, Большой Сибирский тракт, Большой тракт, Великий тракт, Московско-Иркутский тракт, Московско-Сибирский тракт, Осьмая государственная дорога, Государева дорога и т. п.) — старинный сухопутный маршрут из европейской России через Сибирь к границам Китая и обратно. На востоке (в Сибири) в пределах России заканчивался двумя ветками от Верхнеудинска на Нерчинск и Кяхту. На западе конечной точкой считалась Москва, в связи с чем под Сибирским трактом обычно подразумевался путь на восток, а под Московским — та же дорога на запад. Общая протяжённость пути от Москвы до Пекина составляла, по одним подсчётам, 8332 версты, по другим — 8839 вёрст.

История
Из-за отсутствия дорог сообщение европейской части России с Сибирью долгое время осуществлялось по речным путям. Из сухопутных путей существовала Бабиновская дорога, заменившая собой Чердынскую дорогу. Из Казани через Елабугу на Соликамск была проложена Арская дорога. В 1689 году был подписан первый русско-китайский Нерчинский договор, положивший начало официальным отношениям между Россией и Китаем. Торговые потребности поставили ребром вопрос о создании полноценного транспортного коридора между странами.  вышел царский указ о строительстве тракта, соединяющего Москву с Сибирью. Однако на протяжении сорока лет это решение оставалось на бумаге.

При Петре I путь из Европы в Азию по-прежнему состоял из множества сухопутных дорог, волоков, водных путей. Путешествие этим маршрутом описано протопопом Аввакумом в «Житии» и во второй части «Робинзона Крузо».
[[Файл:Irkutsk pereprava.jpg|thumb|300 px|Переправа через АнгаруНиколай Добровольский, 1886]]
В 1725 году в Китай было направлено посольство во главе с графом Саввой Рагузинским-Владиславичем. В результате двухлетних переговоров в 1727 году был подписан Буринский договор об установлении границы вблизи будущего города Кяхты, а также Кяхтинский договор, определивший политические и торговые отношения между Россией и Китаем. Три года спустя правительство принялось наконец за обустройство Сибирского тракта; закончено оно было только в середине XIX века.

Сибирский тракт шёл из Москвы через Муром, Арзамас, Козьмодемьянск, Казань, Осу, Пермь, Кунгур, Екатеринбург, Тюмень, Тобольск, Большие Уки (быв. Рыбино, где создан музей-заповедник «Московско-Сибирский тракт»), Тару, Каинск, Колывань, Томск. Далее северная ветка шла на Енисейск, Якутск, Охотск, а южная — на Иркутск, Верхнеудинск. После Верхнеудинска дорога опять раздваивалась: одна шла далее на восток на Нерчинск и вдоль Шилки и Амура, а вторая поворачивала на юг до Кяхты, к границе с Цинской империей. Именно эта южная ветка называлась «Великий чайный путь». Далее чаеторговцы пересекали степи Внутренней Монголии и прибывали в Калган — крупную заставу на Великой стене, считавшуюся воротами в собственно Китай.

В середине XVIII века путь тракта изменился на более южный: от Тюмени он шёл через Ялуторовск, Ишим, Тюкалинск, Омск, Томск, Ачинск и Красноярск до Иркутска и далее как ранее.

Владимирский тракт (с середины XIX века Московско-Нижегородское шоссе) является частью Сибирского тракта.

В конце XIX века Сибирский тракт уже не мог удовлетворить транспортные потребности российской экономики, что стало причиной сооружения Транссибирской железнодорожной магистрали.

 Караванная торговля чаем
Восточная часть тракта — от Сибири до Калгана — по аналогии с Великим шёлковым путём получила в новейшей историографии название «Великий чайный путь». По нему из Китая везли в Россию караванами чай.

После подписания Буринского договора 1727 года на русско-китайской границе началось строительство города Троицкосавска, рядом с которым образовалась русская торговая слобода Кяхта и китайский торговый город Маймачен. Это положило начало интенсивному торговому обмену между странами, который продолжался почти 300 лет. В 1787 году в России была основана первая чаеторгующая компания «Перлов с сыновьями». Несколько позже появился обособленный клан торговцев чаем — «чайники». С этого времени чай начинают продавать не только в столицах и близких к ним городам, но и в других регионах России.

Чайный путь начинался в городе Ухань и разделялся на несколько сухопутных и водных маршрутов, которые проходили через более чем 150 городов трёх стран. Наиболее значимые пункты сухопутного пути: Тяньмэнь, Юэкоу, Цзинчжоу, Шаян, Тайгу, Синсянь, Шаньинь, Датун, Калган (ныне Чжанцзякоу), Пекин, Чжанбэй, Ундерхаан, Мурэн, Хух-Хото, Улан-Хуа, Замын-Уула, Эрдэнэ, Урген, Айраг, Чойр, Баян, Налайх, Урга (ныне Улан-Батор), Дархан, Маймачен (ныне Алтанбулак), Троицкосавск (ныне Кяхта), Селенгинск, Верхнеудинск (ныне Улан-Удэ), Кабанск, Мысовая (ныне Бабушкин), Слюдянка, Иркутск, Нижнеудинск, Илимск, Енисейск, Канск.

Водно-сухопутный маршрут шёл по реке Янцзы (через Хуанши, Цзюйцзян, Чичжоу, Жэньцзян) до Шанхая, далее — Порт-Артур (ныне Люйшунькоу), Вафандянь, Гайчжоу, Дашицяо, Хайчэн, Ляоян, Мукден (ныне Шэньян), Телин, Сыпин, Чанчунь, Харбин, Чжаодун, Дацин, Лунцзян, Цицикар, Хайлар, Нерчинск. В Верхнеудинске оба маршрута соединялись.

Из Иркутска вдоль реки Лены, через Якутск шла наиболее крупная ветвь пути на Аляску.

В районе Байкала действовали сухопутные пути через хребет Хамар-Дабан (Удунгинский, Ивановский, Хамар-Дабанский, Игумновский тракты, Кругобайкальский путь), а также водные пути через Байкал и по Селенге.

Существовали и альтернативные пути доставки чая из Китая. Некоторое количество товара поступало по древнему маршруту Великого шёлкового пути — через Среднюю Азию. Позже часть чая стали переправлять в Россию морским путём через Суэцкий канал и Одессу. В Приморье чай доставляли через Владивосток. В другие страны чай попадал морским путём. Из Шанхая маршруты шли в Лондон, Ливерпуль, Бостон.

Очень важным для русской чайной истории стал 1903 год — завершилось строительство Транссибирской железнодорожной магистрали, что положило конец караванной торговле. Вместе с тем, благодаря скорости доставки, чай в России значительно дешевеет, а его употребление становится массовым.

 Память о тракте

Сибирский тракт оказал большое влияние на развитие городов, через которые он проходил, и на развитие Сибири в целом.

В Казани есть улица Сибирский тракт — по ней можно выехать из города в сторону Арска.

В Перми Казанский тракт с 1965 года именуется Шоссе Космонавтов. Также здесь есть улица Сибирская, проходящая через центр города от берега реки Камы (где ранее располагалась переправа через реку) на восток. На ней располагались Дворянское собрание, дом губернатора, застава, «Загородный сад» (ныне Сад им. Горького), пересыльная тюрьма. По ней и далее по улице Героев Хасана можно выехать из города в сторону Кунгура.

В Кунгуре есть улица Сибирский тракт — по ней можно выехать из города в сторону Екатеринбурга.

В Екатеринбурге также есть улица Сибирский тракт, а также шоссе Московский тракт, Ново-Московский тракт, дублёр Сибирского тракта — за пределами города. Жители востока Свердловской области называют Сибирским трактом автотрассу Р351 Екатеринбург—Тюмень.

В Тюмени имеются улицы Московский тракт, Тобольский тракт, Старый Тобольский тракт. В 2015 году тюменский активист прошёл пешком по заброшенному Сибирскому тракту от Тюмени до Тобольска с целью возродить этот маршрут для туристов.

В Томске память о Сибирском тракте сохранилась в названиях двух улиц — Иркутского тракта, идущего на восток, и Московского тракта, идущего на юго-запад через реку Томь.

В Омской области сохранилось в первозданном виде несколько участков Сибирского тракта (Секменёво, Новологиново, Зудилово, Орлово, Радищево, Кушайлы, участок Большие Уки — Становка и другие), которые сегодня являются памятниками истории местного значения.

В Красноярске западное направление федеральной автотрассы «Сибирь» всегда именовалось Московским трактом, однако в последние десятилетия название постепенно выходит из употребления.

В Ангарске есть улица Московская. Она соответствует историческому тракту. В начале улицы в 1965 году, на народные средства, установлен памятник политзаключённым и каторжанам, которые проходили по этому тракту.

Сибирскому тракту посвящены четыре музея. Два из них называются «Музей истории Сибирского тракта»: один в селе Дебёсы Удмуртской республики (создан в 1991 году в здании «казармы нижних чинов»), другой в селе Карадуван Балтасинского района Республики Татарстан (его экспонаты собраны местными жителями). «Музей истории Московско-Сибирского тракта» работает в селе Большие Уки Омской области, его экспонаты связаны с историей заселения и освоения Омского Прииртышья (музей также проводит экскурсии по тракту). И музей «Этапный пункт» в деревне Бачкеево Игринского района Удмуртии. Открыт в бывшем этапном пункте в 2000 году.

 См. также
 История кяхтинской торговли
 Кяхтинский краеведческий музей
 Кругобайкальский тракт

 Примечания

 Литература

 Ефремов В. А. Сибирский тракт, ямщик и колокольчик //Тезисы докладов и сообщений научно-практической конференции «Словцовские чтения-95». Тюмень, 1996. С. 85-86.
 Миненко Н. А. По старому Московскому тракту. Новосибирск: Новосибирское книжное издательство, 1990.
 Катионов О. Н. Московско-Сибирский тракт и его жители в XVII—XIX в. Новосибирск, 2004. 568 с.
 Рыженко Л.И. Великий Сибирский тракт: справочник / Л.И.Рыженко. - Омск-Тюкалинск : Ассоциация "Сибирский тракт", 2020. - 288 с., схемы.

 Ссылки
 Межрегиональный туристско-краеведческий проект «Сибирский тракт»
 Историко-краеведческий музей «Московско-Сибирский тракт»
 Музей истории Московско-Сибирского тракта Большеуковского муниципального района Омской области
 Андреева Е. А. Езда по Большому сибирскому тракту в XIX в.
 Небольшой фрагмент истории тракта на сайте первоуральского региона
 Андрей Мартынов. Живописное путешествие от Москвы до китайской границы. 1816 год.
 Иван Носков. Кяхта. 1861 год.
 Дмитрий Стахеев. Кяхта. 1865 год.
 Старицкий А. К.'' Река Селенга в Забайкальской области. — СПб, 1913
 История Бурятии: с древнейших времен до начала XX века. Ч.1. — Улан-Удэ, 2009
 Чайный путь. — Иркутск: агентства по туризму Республики Бурятия и администрации Иркутской области, 2008
 Тобольский тракт: пересечение истории и пространства
 ТОБОЛЬСКИЙ ТРАКТ. ДОРОЖНАЯ ВОЙНА

Исторические дороги России
Транспорт в Российской империи
История Сибири
История Омской области
Чай

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


17 May 2017Trek to the greatest waterfall!
Gwen and I took a week out to explore western Sicily, based around Trapani. We didn't know what to expect, but what I found was a little bit of paradise right on our doorstep. Excellent coral reefs, ancient Greek temples, and the world's best pizza!


LAUGHLIN–When I learned that the Riverside Resort Casino was having an "Urban Cowboy" Reunion starring Country music legends Mickey Gilley and Johnny Lee, I, of course had to saddle up and go.
Not only because I was one of their big fans back in the hoot-hollerin' honkytonk days, but because I had been in Los Angeles in 1980 working and looking for love. After dating a few non-descript men including two who were vying for an acting career, I met and fell in love with my husband. Of course, Johnny Lee's number one song, "Looking For Love" would become ours.
In the early 90's, single and now with my young daughter, I would again be bitten by the Urban Cowboy phase when Don Laughlin had country western dance nights at the Riverside.
Memories are sketchy, but I do remember meeting Mr. Laughlin as he sat at "his" table one night, perfectly groomed in one of his classic leisure suits observing a packed house full of country music fans and line-dancers in their Wranglers and Stetson hats.
Fast forward to Sunday night.
When I returned to the Riverside's Don's Celebrity Theater this time, I noticed that the once magnificent dinner theater was no more. I began to ball up at the memories of the late grandure and ambiance that had once graced this iconic dinner-theater. And now, watching my own daughter with her own child, almost the same age as back then, I almost lost it. Sunday night would be a walk down memory lane for me. I would be listening to two of the top Country solo-artists from that time.
Johnny Lee, now 71, is no worse for wear except for what he says are sore ankles, and never missed a beat while he belted out some of his favorite hits. Jokester, comedian, and singer, Lee put on a great show. He and Mickey Gilley played to sell out crowds each night they had appeared at the Riverside to perform.
Johnny had five hit songs that made the top of Billboard Magazine and his hit single, "Looking For Love" topped the Country Billboard for three weeks and catapulted him to fame after appearing and singing in the box-office hit, "Urban Cowboy." Mind you, there is nothing "urban" about either of these lovin', ridin', singin' cowboys. They are the real thing and if you listen closely, many of their songs pay homage to their true lives.
Lee's other claim-to-fame was a brief marriage to Charlene Tilton of "Dallas" television fame.
He was affectionate about voicing his memories of her, which drew large laughs from the packed house, many doning his face or Mickey Gilley's on t-shirts and many who had been fans from the git-go of the Urban Cowboy days.
What could possibly be said about the incomparable Mickey Gilley that hasn't already been said or talked about. Lee is a freewheeling cowboy, singer, and of course, his claim-to-fame co-ownership of his namesake honky-tonk bar almost single-handedly launched the Urban Cowboy movement.
But Sunday night it was all about the Riverside and the fans who came to see Gilley and Lee do a medley of their favorite hits.
Gilley had been largely instrumental in launching the Urban Cowboy phase when he built the famous Gilley's outside Houston, Texas in 1971 that hosted men who just came off the oil fields and rigs; celebraties, and regular loyal fans who would go just to blow-off steam, down a few beers, ride the mechanical ball and yes, fall in love. It was all there for the asking.
But it was Gilley's smooth, sensual almost crooning-like voice that captivated his many fans.
Sadly, in 1991 the original Gilley's burned to the ground. Arson was suspected, but like the Phoenix, Gilley rose from the ashes and a new Gilley's was later built outside Dallas, where fans still flock to to this day. No doubt, it was Johnny Lee and Mickey Gilley who had changed the landscape of country music forever.
While the night was winding down, I met the man himself, Mr. Don Laughlin in the hallway after he had momentarily stepped in and out of his theater. Sprinting, I caught up with him in time to shoo away a heckler trying to take his photo. I told him how much I enjoyed coming to the Riverside with my young daughter over the years and that I'd done several stories on him and the "Urban Cowboy" phase he'd almost single-handedly brought to the Laughlin area back then.
Got an event or venue to cover? Let me know. Email me at azswriteon@hotmail.com or call 928-763-3072.


They were left stranded and forced to pay for extra flights. - by that's life!
Two Aussie families have been forced to foot the bill for extra nights away after Jetstar refused to let them board their return flights home.
Laura Kimber and her partner Jae did everything they could to get their cranky two-year-old toddler to behave on the landing in Hamilton island ten days earlier.
'He was overtired and cranky, I was wrestling him, I did everything I could,' mum Laura told Kidspot.
The couple were traveling with their twins boys, along with another family who had a young daughter.
'I was told by a crew member to get him off the floor because the plane was landing and if I didn't they would have to circle the plane because of me,' she explains.
Once they had landed, dad Jae was approached by a baggage handler who ominously warned him that a report had been made and they may be refused their flight home.
They thought nothing more of it while they enjoyed their holiday until they checked in and tried to board their flight home ten days later.
Laura recalls their bags being taken off the flight and the group being told they couldn't fly for 24 hours because they became argumentative.
'How would they like us to react? They just banned us from flying because of a two-year-old, we have to get back to work – this was Wednesday and they weren't letting us on a flight until Friday,' says Laura.
They were offered a refund for the flight, which Laura says has only been partially paid, and due to having to book extra accommodation and flights the couple is now out over $5000.
Jetstar told Kidspot they consider the matter resolved, and that the family have been informed that they're now cleared to fly.


The Diamond Chain Company announced the release of new, limited edition packaging for its flagship Diamond brand in advance of its December 2015 125th anniversary.
Available beginning in August from select channel partners, the package's front panel pays homage to Diamond Chain's Kentucky Avenue Indianapolis headquarters with a photograph of the building circa the early 1920s. The back panel features a brief history to accompany images of early chain manufacturing operations.
In addition to historical photographs, the limited edition box features a special, metallic-blue ink, a trademark diamond-shaped anniversary crest, and the years (1890 and 2015) that span Diamond Chain's 125-year history.


* 1. What sport is this evaluation for?
* 3. Who was the coach?
* 5. Please enter comments regarding the league (location, facilities, times, days, refs, etc).
* 6. Please enter comments regarding the equipment St. Paul provided (uniforms, balls, nets, goals, etc).
* 8. Was your child (children) happy with the season?
* 10. Would you like a representative from the Sports Committee to contact you regarding this survey?
If yes, provide name and contact info below.


In what is likely to be the realization of a much desired infrastructure dream project linking Russia and North America, the construction of the world's longest tunnel, spanning the Bering Strait, was approved by the Russian Government earlier this month.
The 65 mile long tunnel, twice the length of the British Channel Tunnel that connects Britain and France, is being planned to be built in three sections and will pass under the Big Diomede and Little Diomede islands in the Bering Strait.
The cost of building this Bering Strait Tunnel is being estimated at around $65 billion.
The project is envisaged as being part of the much larger 3,700 mile railroad project that is being built to connect Yakutsk in Russia to Canada's British Columbia and will offer a highway, high-speed rail tracks, a fiber optic network as well as pipelines for oil and gas.
The idea of a direct rail route and bridge spanning across and linking North America with the EuroAsian region was first conceived more than a century ago in 1905 by Tsar Nicholas II. With technological limitations at the time however, constructing such a mammoth-scale project was not possible.
Neither Siberia nor Alaska currently has rail route links that connect the farthest points of their respective territories.
The project, recently approved by the Kremlin, has been revived after being shelved earlier in 2007. The project, reportedly brought to the discussion table by Aleksandr Levinthal, a high-profile Russian politician at a conference that focused on the development of Russia's northeastern rail infrastructure, will be in the form of a PPP – private public partnership.
And yet, while the project looks more real than ever before, it will be a long wait before the entire link starts functioning across its different components. Estimates say that the tunnel alone will require 15 years to be built, while the entire network, including the railway system which needs to be constructed on both sides of the Bering Strait is likely to be complete by 2045.
Given the strategic role a direct rail link between North America and Russia would play towards boosting trade and tourism, the Bering Strait tunnel is obviously expected to offer immense economical and political advantages.
The manner in which this project is being planned, the rail link will literally connect the Siberian interior with the US east coast, resulting in a railway network across 3/4 of the Northern Hemisphere. What this means is that tourists would be able to travel overland, from Europe to New York city, with the journey helping save travelling time while also opening up an entirely new experience across landscapes and climates.
Contributing significantly towards transporting raw materials from inland Siberia to the U.S and beyond, the tunnel will present the potential for freight rail to carry up to 100 million tons annually.
In addition these direct infrastructural benefits, the Bering Strait tunnel is also likely to facilitate an impressive energy generation by helping develop a link between North America and Asia for renewable energy transmission. Proposed tidal energy plants could provide 10 gigawatts of energy and a string of wind power fields could churn a constant supply of clean energy.
"tourists would be able to travel overland, from Europe to New York"


Some days ago, I received a call from a customer who had problems to connect to his vCenter server.
vCenter is installed on Windows 2008 R2 and with the default SQL Express instance.
Could not allocate space for object 'dbo.VPX_EVENT_ARG'.'PK_VPX_EVENT_ARG' in database 'VIM_VCDB' because the 'PRIMARY' filegroup is full. Create disk space by deleting unneeded files, dropping objects in the filegroup, adding additional files to the filegroup, or setting autogrowth on for existing files in the filegroup.
CREATE DATABASE or ALTER DATABASE failed because the resulting cumulative database size would exceed your licensed limit of 4096 MB per database.
The latter is very clear, the database has reached the maximum size that on SQL 2005 Express is 4 GB.
The solution is to delete the old data from the database. Attached to the KB there are the scripts for MS SQL and Oracle that simplify the job. In my example I'll use that for MS SQL.
Let's start! Open SQL Management Studio and load the script. Before execute, be careful that you select the correct database, in my case VIM_VCDB.
The script has 2 variables on which we can act.
A value of 0 will only give an estimate of the deleted rows. A value of 1 does the deletion.
The value 180 represents the days you want to hold data.
After the the deletion of the lines you need to perform a database shrink. Proceed as in figure.
At this point to avoid database grow, you need to access the vCenter console and modify the "Database Retention Policy".
I'm currently working as a Solution Architect, Sr. System Engineer, Virtualization Specialist at RTC S.p.A. where I'm mainly focused in the design, implementation and support of the virtual infrastructures. My skills include storage, backup, disaster recovery, network and firewall.
Red Alert on VM after a complete VMware VSA power down.
How long does this script take to run on the database?
in my environment has ran no more then 5 minutes.
I wish I could give you a cookie or something. Thanks!
Thanks for the info. Unfortunately the script was for 4.x only but you definitely got me on the right path.


text:
TV shows based on children's books
Check out our favourite kid's TV shows based on children's books.
Some are classics, some are new, while others you may be suprised to find out were books first!
Author: L M Montgomery
Anne Shirley is one of literature's finest heroines, and this first book of her adventures is the perfect book about growing up, friendship and family.
Author: A A Milne Illustrator: E H Shepherd
No child's library could be complete without A A Milne's stories about Pooh, Christopher Robin and their friends in the Hundred Acre Wood.
Publisher: Warne
Beatrix Potter's iconic tale of the naughty rabbit has been a favourite with children and parents ever since it was published in 1902 - it has a timeless charm.
Author: Antoine de Saint-Exupery Translator: Katherine Woods
Publisher: Egmont
An air pilot makes a forced landing deep in the Sahara Desert. There, he makes a mysterious Little Prince, who tells him a series of wise and enchanting stories.
Kipper's Balloon
Author: Mick Inkpen
Publisher: Hachette
The latest in a range of good books about the popular Kipper and his friends, this is a stunning pop-up and lift-the-flap book with sounds, which tells of a great adventure and a fantastic balloon ride.
Horrid Henry
Author: Francesca Simon Illustrator: Tony Ross
Stories about naughty characters have been told for centuries, and Horrid Henry is a modern-day rogue in the tradition of Dennis the Menace and Just William.
Author: Jill Murphy
Long before Harry Potter first went to Hogwarts, trainee witch Mildred Hubble embarked on life at Miss Cackle's Academy for Witches...
Stig of the Dump
Author: Clive King
Exploring an old chalk pit, Barney meets a strange boy who wears a rabbit skin and speaks in grunts.
Finn Family Moomintroll
Author: Tove Jansson Translator: Elizabeth Portch
Moomintroll is cheerful and chubby and lives in the magical Moominvalley with his mother, Moominmamma, his father, Moominpappa and all of their friends.
Five on a Treasure Island
Author: Enid Blyton
Meet Enid Blyton's most famous characters - Julian, Dick, Anne, George and of course the ever-loyal Timmy the dog - for the first time in this, the first book in the classic Famous Five series.
Goggle-Eyes
Author: Anne Fine
Kitty is not only a great storyteller, she is also the world's leading expert in mothers with unwanted boyfriends.
The Queen's Nose
Author: Dick KingSmith
Harmony's Uncle Ginger sends her on a treasure trail - which ends in finding a 50p piece.
Feather Boy
Author: Nicky Singer
Robert is having a tough time at school, being bullied by Nicker; he's also trying to deal with the break-up of his parents' marriage.
The Story of Tracy Beaker
Author: Jacqueline Wilson Illustrator: Nick Sharratt
Tracy lives in a children's home but constantly hopes that her absent, glamorous Mum will come and take her away.
The Series of Unfortunate Events: The Bad Beginning
Author: Lemony Snicket Illustrator: Brett Helquist
The Bad Beginning is the first of 13 volumes in the appropriately named collection, A Series of Unfortunate Events.


text:
The Rise of the Design District
The downtown Naples neighborhood is starting to get a vibe of its own—and attracting crowds along with it.
by Makayla Connor
Take a turn off U.S. 41 or Goodlette-Frank Road down any street between Fifth Avenue South and Seventh Avenue North, and you'll find yourself in the Naples Design District. The quaint area lined with locally owned boutiques, restaurants, art galleries, design studios, antique stores, offices, and trade and specialty shops has been colloquially known as "the D District" or "the Design District" for a decade, but now the unique district is making a conscious effort to elevate itself and own its official title.
The fresh reorganization, announced this fall, comes "(with the hope) that the area will become a vibrant destination of taste and style for like-minded people to live and flourish creatively," says Laura Burns, president of the Naples Design District Board and executive director of the United Arts Council.
The directors of the district are working to improve the area over the next couple of years with enhancements such as landscape design; banners and signs that resonate with the neighborhood atmosphere; improved lighting for a pedestrian- and bike-friendly area; public art; and increased accessible parking.
"We sat down and said, 'How do we work together with our municipality of Naples to grow this area in a way that is healthy for the businesses, but also for the community that lives here, so that we don't become another area that's just like every other area that we already have in Naples?'" Burns says.
Relative newcomers Timeless—an MHK Eatery and La Colmar Bakery & Bistro are neighbors with the established Garden District, Jay's Fabrics & Upholstery, Treasure Island Naples, The Wine Store, even Naples Coastal Animal Hospital. The diversity among the dozens of businesses is unique compared to other parts of town such as Fifth Avenue, "which is mostly focused on finance and restaurants," says Daniel Summers, principal architect of BSSW Architects and a founding director of the district.
"It [has] more services and businesses to serve the community on everyday needs. There will still be a tire store, gas station and hardware store. [All of those] things that make a city a city," Summers says.
With those things comes a distinct support and close-knit feel among the businesses as well.
"There is a sense of neighborhood here," says Quenby Tilley, co-owner of Audrey's of Naples and a founding director of the district. "It's a community."
Burns' United Arts Council, for one, relocated to the district for that very reason.
For a neighborhood that has been known as the home to a variety of creatively driven mom-and-pop shops for about 10 years, with some of its shops around for much longer, its businesses already have seen positive feedback regarding recent improvements. But business owners strive to maintain the district's distinctive charm along with the change, amid competition from larger corporations.
"I don't want it to change too much," Tilley says. "The only way to get this unique shopping experience is to keep the small merchants."
You can get your shopping, lunch with friends, a fresh bouquet of flowers and your daily dose of interior design, all in one area. The Design District is big enough to house numerous businesses, but compact enough to get to your next destination within a minute drive or even a quick walk, a quality of the district that owners greatly support.
"We all encourage shoppers to visit all the stores," Tilley says. "There's strength in our community when shoppers cross-pollinate."


Barbara Junghans, Chia-Jung Chang, Angela Siu, Natalia Soesanto, Megan Tu, Melanie Murphy, Sheila Crewther; Intraocular Pressure in Myopic Eyes during the Water Drinking Test. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2013;54(15):1912.
Purpose: The rapidly increasing prevalence of myopia worldwide has been linked to increasing complexity of modern urban lifestyles. In addition, animal as well as pilot human studies have suggested that stress-induced physiological dysregulation of trans-retinal fluid outflow may play a role in ocular growth and the enlarged myopic eye. Thus, this study aimed to investigate differences between myopes and non-myopes in ocular fluid regulation and cortisol levels after the rapid ingestion of water.
Methods: Forty-one healthy adults of mean age 22.6±1.6yrs were randomly assigned either to a control group or to drink 1 liter of water over 10mins. Refractive error (Shin Nippon open-field autorefractor), intraocular pressure (IOP) (Tonopen), central corneal thickness (Sonogage), axial length, anterior chamber depth (IOL Master) and salivary cortisol (Salivettes) were measured at baseline, T=20 and T=40mins. Twenty-five subjects were myopes (mean -3.50±2.00DS).
Results: As expected, myopic eyes were significantly longer (p<0.01). Water loading caused a significant increase in IOP by T=20 (3.9±0.6mmHg) that was similar for both refractive subgroups. However, IOP returned to within normal range by T=40 in non-myopes whereas for myopes the increased levels of IOP remained until at least T=40 (p<0.001). No significant associations were observed between water loading and central corneal thickness, axial length, anterior chamber depth or salivary cortisol.
Conclusions: The Water Drinking Test itself was not sufficiently stressful to show significant change in cortisol levels that may indirectly affect fluid regulation within the eye. However, myopes demonstrated altered ocular fluid dynamics which could suggest that myopic eyes have reduced ocular fluid regulation. This fluid dysregulation may indirectly influence volumetric enlargement of the globe.


Will Fraudulent Foreclosure Filings be Stopped?
Implore State AGs to step up to their moment in history.
In 2010, big banks initiated three million foreclosure filings nationwide. Total filings could reach nine million this year. Even amid a broader economic crisis this forcible migration of a city the size of New York should be treated as the economic and humanitarian catastrophe that it is. In response, Attorneys General in every state are actively investigating the rife reports of fraud and illegal foreclosures that have cropped up coast to coast.
As rumors of the investigation's conclusion circulate, it's a good time to write to the lead investigator, Attorney General Tom Miller of Iowa, asking him to demand no less than a fair settlement that allows families hammered by unemployment and underemployment to stay in their homes.
In the history of the financial crisis, state AGs have so far come out looking pretty good. State AGs were the first in the nation to recognize that the predatory lending practices of firms such as Ameriquest and Countrywide were a danger to consumers and to the entire U.S. economy. In 2004, they were radically preempted from taking action against these crimes by Bush-appointed federal regulators at the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency. Now state AGs have another moment to outshine negligent federal prosecutors. State AGs can take a series of actions that the Feds have failed to take. First of all, they can book the crooks and force top officers to trade pinstripes for jail stripes. Secondly, they can force the banks into settlements with individual homeowners that really take a bite out of their profits, complete with foreclosure redos and damages for harmed homeowners. They can also subject the banks to ongoing independent audits of their foreclosure procedures and they can demand that the banks force principle write downs and other across-the-board measures that will stabilize communities and the economy.
So go to BanskterUSA.org to e-mail Miller, and urge him to do the right thing, and then join thousands of concerned citizens across the country by imploring your own state AG to contribute to meaningful action on foreclosure.


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text:
SF Pride board wants protesters' charges dropped
by Meg Elison
Wednesday Jul 24, 2019
Suzanne Ford, left, SF Pride's treasurer, joined interim Executive Director Fred Lopez at a July 23 news conference. Photo: Meg Elison
San Francisco Pride officials said this week that they want misdemeanor charges dropped against two protesters who were arrested following their alleged involvement in a demonstration that held up last month's Pride parade for nearly an hour.
Reading from a prepared statement at a news conference Tuesday, San Francisco LGBT Pride Celebration Committee interim Executive Director Fred Lopez first detailed the incident itself. He acknowledged that the protest was inconvenient to the over 50,000 participants and 100,000 spectators at the event. Lopez outlined the protesters' concerns over the presence of police at Pride, and said that SF Pride officials attempted to step in and de-escalate the situation before San Francisco police made arrests.
According to members of an autonomous coalition that claimed responsibility for the blockade, members were also concerned about the corporate commercialization of SF Pride.
Lopez's statement stressed that Pride's board worked to "facilitate time so that the demands of the activists could be heard."
He also said that Pride's official position that the charges against the protesters should be dropped was posted to the organization's website July 3.
"These activists identify as members of the LGBTQ+ community, but don't agree with how our parade and celebration are structured," Lopez said, referring to Taryn Saldivar, 21, of Oakland, and Kenneth Bilecki, 27, of Santa Rosa.
According to San Francisco police, Saldivar was charged with battery on a police officer, resisting arrest, and interfering with a parade route.
Bilecki was charged with resisting arrest and interfering with a parade route, police said.
The Bay Area Reporter has attempted to contact both Saldivar and Bilecki since the day of the parade, but has not reached either of them.
Although SF Pride officially stated it wants the charges dropped and said at the news conference that it intends to write letters of support for both individuals charged in this matter, Lopez stressed that ultimately it's out of SF Pride's hands.
"San Francisco Pride is not a decision maker in whether or not the DA decides to continue with the charges," he said at the news conference at the San Francisco LGBT Community Center. "We want to make it clear that we have encouraged the DA to drop all charges related to this incident. This has been our position since the day of the parade."
Reached for comment San Francisco District Attorney's office spokesman Max Szabo wrote in an email, "Prosecutors analyze the facts as it applies to the law. We welcome feedback, but the First Amendment right to freedom of speech does not grant anyone the freedom to batter a police officer or any other member of our community."
Lopez went on to describe the ways he believes SF Pride's relationship with police can improve, including reaching out to the San Francisco Department of Police Accountability, which is a civilian agency that receives complaints and allegations of misconduct by police and makes policy recommendations.
Addressing the ongoing tension between police and members of marginalized communities, Lopez said, "We support change in any law enforcement system that unfairly targets trans individuals and people of color. We acknowledge systemic racism and understand the urgency for ideas and solutions which can create equitable progress."
Suzanne Ford, the organization's treasurer, was present throughout the conference but did not audibly speak.
When asked by the Bay Area Reporter about the irony of an event that commemorates an act of protest — the 1969 Stonewall riot in New York became the annual locus for Pride events across the country — being disrupted by protest, Lopez said he did not understand the question.
Rephrasing, the B.A.R. asked specifically about provision of space and time for dissenting voices around contentious issues such as the presence of police at Pride
"We weren't aware of the protest before it took place," Lopez said. "If we had been aware, we do actually create a First Amendment space along the parade route for folks who would like to use it. We would have worked with the community members to create space that would make sense."
Taking an inaudible suggestion from Ford, Lopez continued.
"Suzanne reminded me that the board leads a resistance contingent. This is the third year in a row. And that goes sort of at the beginning of the parade, just after Dykes on Bikes," he said. "That contingent was created as a way for folks to voice their resistance, initially to the Trump administration and the policies therein. Since then, it has grown to include a number of voices who align with progressive values across the board."
To read the full statement from SF Pride, click here.


text:
Starting University, early 1950s. – Bill Goldthorp
By Bill Goldthorp
Society was still very restricted and we had spent the last five years paying for the 1939 –1945 war, setting up the Welfare State and running newly Nationalised Industries, which without investment would cause trouble in the future. Two recent elections had altered the political landscape but not the country's problems. The tensions of two great Nuclear Powerblocks loomed over us and problems of empire were also stretching our resources. But secondary and tertiary education was now free, at least for those who could pass the exams. That is for those after 1944, who passed the 11 plus for Grammar School and then were accepted for University, although a means test was attached to that.
I regret the passing of the Grammar Schools but would not have done if every Comprehensive had achieved the goal intended, that is being the equivalent of a Grammar School instead of the opposite.
I do not recall any master at Grammar School acting as a "Career's Advisor". Four classes of 30 meant an annual intake of 120, of which two thirds left after School Certificate. We did the last School Certificate examination, which was replaced by the General Certificate Examination the following year, 1950. There were no complicated grades as now. A pass in GCE was equivalent to a credit in the School Certificate. I know because I had to resit English Language the following year, having upset the English master by only having a pass in English Language to complement my distinction in English Literature
Most left because they were starting apprenticeships and other training programmes and sometimes because fathers resented the fact that their child was not contributing to the family income. When I started Grammar School the school leaving age was 14 rising to 15 in the late 1940s. There was still the odd girl whose parents, usually the father, refused to allow them to enter Grammar School intent on them starting work as soon as possible. At 16 very bright students would enter the steelworks' laboratories, be paid to attend night classes and then supported at university studying a science appropriate to the steelworks, all of which had been nationalised.
Those who entered the sixth form, about one third of the year, 40, were all self-motivated, had a career or subject they wished to study in mind and parental backing.
In the upper sixth form, the year for university application, again I have little recollection of careers' assistance. Probably there was some, but was mostly investigated by our selves assisted by the odd third year sixth form student, who had observed his friends in the previous year going through the same procedure. Outside lessons we tended to congregate in the school library for extra study, plan and discuss our applications and interviews. There were always 2 or 3 in the third year sixth form preparing for Scholarships to Cambridge. Not Oxford, we were a Cambridge school taking the Cambridge University Board Examinations. There were several of these boards. Manchester was part of the Northern Universities Board, Leeds, Liverpool, Manchester, Newcastle and Sheffield.
Two in our year stayed into the third year sixth, an attractive tall blond girl, who was awarded a State Scholarship, Head Girl and Victrix Ludorum two years running on the School Sports Day, achieved a Scholarship to major Cambridge college and got a 1st. Class Honours in Chemistry. The other a friend of mine got a maths scholarship to a minor Cambridge college. He was also a pro-am for Scunthorpe United. Pro-am is a paid part time player not exactly professional.
Matriculation was necessary to go to university, that is a credit in maths, English, a foreign language and three other subjects. I never actually matriculated. My results distinctions in chemistry, maths, geography, history and English literature, credit in physics and passes in French, oral French and English language. I got the equivalent of a credit in English the following year, when I passed at ordinary level in the new GCE.
Medical Schools.
London, Scottish universities, Cambridge and Oxford still required a credit in Latin so they were out. Always read the small print, Northern Universities Form R. If you have not got the required credit in one subject for matriculation, but the other results are good and show that it is only by pure accident that you did not get that credit then you can apply for Form R, which exempts you. I got Form R.
I ended up with interviews at Birmingham, Leeds, Manchester and Sheffield. A panel of seniors mostly medics but other academics, who decided if you were suitable then all you had to do was pass your subjects. I think most thought I should stick to farming, Birmingham definitely said no; there were several Birmingham noes in my intake at Manchester.
I immediately felt at home as I walked up to the Lavatory Brick Palace at Manchester.
No longer the medical school but a massive yellow brick building alongside the Dental School behind Owen's College. It had large slightly dingy corridors with portraits of Deans and Professors smiling down on you. The interview in the Dean's office, Professor HS Raper, just him not the usual bevy of academics glaring at you and he did not ask that Bloody Stupid question we all hated and had no adequate answer for.
" Why do you want to be a doctor?"
He answered most of the questions himself from my CV. I think his main purpose was to ensure I was sane and healthy. Manchester had adopted a policy that all medical schools were to adopt. He told me that Manchester had stopped selecting students at interview. Manchester wanted academic ability, whether I got in was entirely up to me, if I got top grades in my subjects I would get in, if not I would not. That was OK by me; I left in great spirits, knowing that Manchester would be MY medical school
I took the second lot of A-levels; we were not given grades, just passed. There must have been some record of marks allowing me to be awarded a County Scholarship.
I took and passed Chemistry and Zoology at Scholarship level and Physics and Botany at Advance level, and General Studies at ordinary level. I was only allowed two subjects at scholarship level. I would have liked to do Botany at scholarship level, that year I won the school Botany Prize. The scholarship level was not recorded on the certificate issued.
As well as the usual intake of 100 to 120, 40 of us were selected to go straight into the second year. The first year was a delightful relaxed year full of social life, two terms chemistry, physics and zoology, starting anatomy and physiology and a term of botany at the start of the summer term. The 1st MB, was in chemistry, physics, zoology and botany, you had already learnt it, a bit of revision was all that was necessary. If that year could be eliminated the course would last five years instead of six.
Most eventually regretted this. The exemption was not complete; only one person was capable of teaching zoology properly. Professor Cannon himself, who had his textbook of international fame to sell. I had already got a copy from my Scunthorpe days. Botany, we were told without the medical students fees the department would close.
We took our 2nd MB in June 1953 together with those who had already failed it once in April and started our clinical work with the group who were traditionally known to be failures. At times it showed in the quality of our tutors, which we rapidly complained about. We qualified 6 months early in December 1956 amongst the failures qualifying 6 months late. It showed again when applying for House Officer posts, very few were selected for the major Manchester hospitals. In the long run, this turned out to be advantageous; being a House Officer in the rarefied atmosphere of a teaching hospital speciality did not give widespread experience. There was not much point becoming skilled in the management of diseases you would never see again.
Shortly after 1945, Student Grants became available so that all who were selected for entry were not prevented by lack of funds. These grants were means tested to reflect the parent's income. We were not adults until we were 21 years old, so the grant was paid to our fathers who doled it out to us as they thought appropriate. Our numbers were in fact small, barely 5% of our age group.
I would have still fulfilled my ambition without the new welfare state, taking advantage of previous state provision.
1944 I was awarded a Lindsey Junior County Scholarship for Scunthorpe Grammar School, means tested of course.
1951. I was awarded a Lindsey Senior County Scholarship for Manchester University Medical School again means tested. The scholarship paid all my University Fees plus an allowance, which was worth about £10 more than a grant. After means testing my allowance came to £180 per year, £ 60 per term, with a very inadequate supplement of under £50 for the five extra months when I became a full time Clinical Student.
Fortunately I was a country lad from a farming background long before farming became mechanised and labour in short supply so that my Post Office saving account was accumulating from about 15 years of age, continuing until I was 20. It contained about £250, a year's wages for a labourer, when I was 18. The labour was casual paid daily in cash no record kept by the farmer. I was a cashman, cycling to or being dropped of in pea fields with £200 in half-crowns, 12.5 p., to pay the pea pullers and day labourers, keeping a record of bags pulled, destination of loads etc. Pay rates half a crown (2 shillings and sixpence) for a 40 lb bag, labouring £1 per day, half a crown per hour. Who would allow a teenager to wander around the countryside with the cash equivalent of 200 hours minimum wage these days?
Income tax and National Insurance did not bother me until I was actually qualified. I never asked my parents to supplement my grant apart from visiting my father's Gentleman's Outfitters (Dyson's corner of High St. and Cross St) when I was on holiday and putting the purchases on his account. I still believe his grumbling to his friends about it was actually boasting.
As well as local wives and families, gypsies, itinerant Irish labourers, gangs of miners' wives from nearby towns, University Students were recruited in large numbers for the agricultural workforce, July to September, being the time of maximum demand. They were usually accommodated in the village pubs. Only if recruited by an agency was any record of earnings kept.
A further major social point, the sexual revolution was almost twenty years in the future. Contraception limited, condoms, Dutch caps fitted and supplied by the Family Planning Association for married women only, the Roman Catholic's equivalent of Russian roulette, known as the Safe Period, for which you need an IQ of 120 and a degree in biology to understand. Abortion illegal, not the easily available social choice it is now. It was available of course for those prepared to take the risk and there were numerous illegal practitioners of variable skill and gynaecological wards, full of exanguinated young women being dragged back from the jaws of death, with severe pelvic infections, abscesses the size of melons and a future lifetime of chronic illness.
For those with the contacts and the funds to spare legal terminations of pregnancy were available. I only know the 1960's prices, when I was a junior doctor, 150 guineas (£157: 10s.), when a bus conductor was paid £15 per week plus overtime. I remember being "pissed off" seeing that advertised on the buses, when my salary was £750 per annum (£30 less) with £150 deducted because I was compulsory resident alternate nights and weekends.
10 guineas consultation fee, double the usual fee, to two tame psychiatrists, who would declare you would go permanently insane, commit suicide etc., etc., if the pregnancy continued, 10 guineas for the aneasthetist, 20 for the Nursing Home or hospital, the gynaecologist pocketing the rest. We did notice that the operators in Manchester were all London graduates, where such Harley Street activities were common. It was rammed home to us for the whole of the course and in my years of training " Thou shalt not do abortions", which caused great personal problems when all changed in 1968.
An accidental pregnancy caused problems not only for the girl concerned but the young man. If the university authorities knew of the incident and he failed to marry the young woman he was sent down. (Expelled). If he did then he had to support a wife and child, a very few had family support the rest had to leave and get a job. If it happened to a medic in his final years, funds could be found, sometimes a bank loan or joining the army for 14 years or more, with the rank of 2nd Lieutenant and a marriage allowance.
The result was a very strict attitude on both sides to actual intercourse, a young couple
very fond of each other would indulge in what was called "Heavy Petting". Best described as everything but.
Working in pairs, 16 students would be involved in dissection of cadavers, 2 pairs, head and neck, 2 arms, 2 legs and one each abdomen and thorax. In our group was a very attractive, shapely, dark haired Jewish girl with a great personality, Pat H——. The surname starting with H being the reason she was with our group, her partner David H—, a vicar's son. I must admit I was impressed but being from a Primitive Methodist family, born near Epworth in the Isle of Axholme where John and Charles Wesley were born, she was definitely out of bounds. Where I was brought up it was bad enough for a Protestant young man being friendly with a Catholic girl and vice versa.
Pat became friendly with a charming, handsome R/C Dental student very much the "Lady's Man", as he proved in later years as a married man. The inevitable happened, Pat became pregnant was disowned by her family, but fortunately she had an uncle with no children who had always doted on her. He came to the rescue; Pat married had a little boy, but was never able to take the Second Professional examination, 2nd. MB, but had done sufficient to take the 2nd, LDS examination.
LDSRCS, Licentiate in Dental Surgery of the Royal College of Surgeons, whereas a Batchelor of Dental Surgery did an identical course in anatomy and physiology to the medical students, a licentiate only required head, neck and thorax in anatomy.
Passing the second professional examination for BDS was often used as back door to studying medicine. The 2nd BDS examination being the same as MB ChB allowed them to start clinical medicine and if they could not do a medical degree they could still do the conjoint diploma, MRCS and LRCP. (Member of the Royal College of Surgeons and Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians.) The examinations were just as hard but not financed by student grants etc.
I and my friends observing the behaviour of Pat's husband during the later years of his course doubted if the marriage would last very long.
Student Accommodation was either in digs or Halls. Halls were expensive £3 to £4 per week mostly used by those who had been to Public Boarding Schools, whose parents had the funds and where most felt very much at home. We only had one such in our group who had been to Eton, father a Harley Street ENT Surgeon; he must have thought he was slumming it in Manchester instead of a London Medical School. He returned to London and like dad became a Harley Street Surgeon. I cannot remember his name and it has been beneath his dignity to attend any reunions. The rest of us were in digs and later flats of various salubriousness.
The best lot of flats were in a mansion with two wings in Victoria Park. The rooms in the two wings converted into bed-sits a communal kitchen and several bathrooms. It was full of medical students, constantly replaced when one left. It was owned by the wife of the most senior gangster in Manchester, whose name I cannot recall, but I do recall the most senior female barrister Rose Heilbron QC, coming up from London to successfully defend him on a charge of murder.
From the time when Freddie M— a medical student, resident at the mansion, became President of the Male Student Union there were some strange stocky characters with thick necks sitting quietly in the entrance hall reading newspapers. These ensured that the union was always a quiet peaceful place. There had been problems with rowdy non-student interlopers.
Two friends, one eventually Professor of Psychiatry in Newfoundland, found a cheap delightful, flat on top of a large building on Great Western Street, the lower part occupied by several friendly young ladies, who offered to do their laundry, made occasional meals and took messages from girl friends. After a little while they realised whilst not exactly a brothel it was a sort of hostel for ladies who worked at one. Eventually they found a small room in the basement kitted out for a certain operative procedure and decided it was better to move on.
My first digs were 130 Manley Road, where my name caused ructions with a middle-aged secretary daughter, who objected to her mother and sister taking in a Jewish man. GOLDTHORP. It was the Gold bit, Goldman, Goldberg, Goldstein etc, and the first of many occasions that has happened. Look at the Thorp(e) bit, I belong to the vicious axe wielding, looting, burning and raping Vikings as much as anybody. Thorpe means outlying farm or settlement outside the village. Guile is a Danish Viking's male name, Guile's Thorpe, Goldthorpe, a horrible little ex mining town this side of Doncaster.
My name dates from 1361, when Robin son of Robin Lord of the Manor of Goldthorpe married Esabul half heiress with her sister Dionyssia to William de Shepley, Lord of the Manor of Shepley. Unfortunately I descend form a long line of younger sons and the odd bastard.
Anyway my dad's ability and instinct to impress soon proved otherwise, when he drove my trunk and self over at the start of Fresher's week, he also brought 6 strings of sausage links, a massive pork pie and a large piece of ham. Rationing was still on; it was more meat at one time that they had seen since 1939. After that they were convinced he was the local squire.
The cost, full board at weekends, breakfast and dinner weekdays was £2 and 10 Shillings. (£2; 50p.) Seven shillings and sixpence per week retaining fee during the holidays, 37-½ p. per week.
Work the inflation out yourself.
I spent two years there with Gordon Evison, also from Scunthorpe Grammar School sixth form doing medicine like myself, although he started in the first year whilst I went into the second. The evening bus service was poor, my social life non-existent, but the intensity of being thrown in to studying anatomy and physiology gave me no time. When age 20 and about to start the clinical course, I knew the best area to be in and did not want to pay a retainer for three months of summer. October 1953 I moved to Clifton Avenue, Fallowfield, about 10 different bus routes went down Oxford Road every ten minutes or so, with Express bus services and all night buses.
Fresher's week, very active lots of social life, I joined the Chess, Bridge and another club, life seemed very pleasant, after the first week of term I never attended any of them. Each term ten weeks of hard graft, I began to realise what reading for a degree meant. It was more than reading it was instilling anatomy and physiology into your memory. I lived two lives, one three terms of 10 weeks hard graft and in the other five months vacation that of a young countryman, the textbooks I had optimistically taken home never being opened.
Halfway through the first official week of term.
" Have you been to the Dissecting Room, yet?"
" Don't forget you have viva voca in anatomy every three weeks."
Not having done Latin.
" Viva voca! What's one of them?"
" An oral exam."
"Oh! Shit."
There were three viva vocas per term in anatomy, marks S = satisfactory, S+, S- and NS not satisfactory, each anatomy part had to be passed an average of S was expected but you may get away with an S-. NS meant taking that part again which resulted in dropping back a year, which could lead to running out of funds in the final year for those on a grant.
A source of funds for those with a driving license was the export drive. Cars were still made in Trafford Park and car transporters still to be invented. A student could drive a new car to Liverpool docks and have a free return train ticket. It might take an extra two or three years but a student who had reached as far as the three part Final Exams or the Conjoint Board could eventually qualify.
I located my anatomy partner, Dave Farquhar, absolutely ancient, aged 23, a GP's
son. Dave had done his National Service then spent three years at night school repeating his exams until he got the required grades. Dave needed two attempts to get through his 2nd Professional examination in anatomy and physiology. His father financed him and he joined his practice, but hated it and as soon as his father died headed of to Canada where he became Head of Pathology in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan. Successfully taking up a speciality when approaching forty was now impossible in the new NHS. He joined the 30% of new graduates who immigrated because of the lack of opportunity for promotion to the consultant grade.
Dave and I entered the dissecting room a large barn like area at the top of the medical school with a glass roof. Never having seen a dead body in my life, I now found about 20 of them lying face down in two rows. We had been allocated a leg and had to start on the buttock, we spent about 15 minutes gallantly offering the other the opportunity to start. Eventually I agreed I took my highly sharpened scalpel, knowing how delicate skin is gently cut, nothing happened nor again and again as greater force was applied. At last with a force that would cut through plywood the skin parted. The cadavers after being injected with formalin fluid had been floating in a large tank of it for a year or more. The divided skin revealed a layer of fat with a distinct but not unpleasant aroma.
Having to catch up we worked well into lunch hour, but finally headed of to the refectory. Rationing was still on and the catering staff needed a certain amount of imagination, that morning I chose rissoles, god knows what was in them but they tasted just like that buttock smelt. I have never touched rissoles since.
The refectory a massive hall with a cafeteria, numerous long tables seating eight or ten people, open for most of the day. Here would be found the "Caf Queens" young ladies with strong, personable, lively personalities of variable beauty and variable reputation holding court with their entourage of admirers. Mostly Arts undergraduates, usually avoided by most science and certainly all-medical and dental students.
If recognised medical and dental students were not welcomed in the refectory. Having collected your lunch searched the refectory for somewhere to sit and found a table with a couple of seats.
" Do you mind if I sit here."
"No help yourself."
A few minutes later a fellow medic would be searching. Invite him to sit down.
" What have you been doing today?"
"Oh! We are doing the upper arm. The brachial plexus. Do you know we found that strange variation for of the medial branch of the ulnar nerve."
A fascinated discussion would occur for a few minutes, then when we looked up the table was empty.
It was surprising how blasé we rapidly became, fascinated with what we were studying, finishing by gaily covering our work with SLOSH with a large brush then wet cloths. Slosh, a solution of formalin. The medical course alters you, roughens the edges, even could be said to coarsen you converting you into a different person with the capability of withstanding the recurrent stresses that will occur in the future.
Something happens to enable you to close the consulting room door on a patient and family you have as sympathetically and kindly as possible told has an untreatable cancer and cheerfully with a broad smile inform an infertile lady her pregnancy test is positive. But I still do not like the pathology post-mortem room. Under no circumstance will I gown and glove up to assist the pathologist, I hate the cold sensation. My bodies are warm and wake up.
There were several notices "Please remember these cadavers are the remains of Manchester people deeply loved by their families. Respect Them."
One added. " DO NOT DOCK YOUR CIGARETTES IN THE ABDOMEN"
Smoking was still common the first papers associating the increasing incidence of lung cancer with smoking were in the future.
Textbooks.
Always expensive, those used after the 2nd MB studying Clinical Medicine, were always bought new, to be up to date as possible, even then by the time a book was published it was several years out of date. Anatomy and physiology does not alter much so a recent second hand book would suffice.
When I was accepted for the medical course my mother asked our GP if he had any textbooks. His wife took the opportunity of clearing out a tea chest full of ancient useless textbooks. There was a series of six Cunningham's anatomy atlases that were still useful and three on the history of medicine. Always having been a history buff, it was a subject that I regretted dropping, I immediately read them; a modern history book only goes on for another 50 years.
The first week of the new term, extensive trading was carried out in the locker rooms in the basement. Those who had passed the 2nd MB trying to sell their books for as much as possible and Freshers trying to pay as little as possible. I cannot remember what I bought but decided to buy a brand new Grey's Anatomy and Starling's Physiology. I still have the Greys a rather stolid hard back 1000 or more page volume in contrast to the current paperback with multi coloured diagrams etc.
I also acquired a half skeleton with complete skull for £10. The skull proudly returned home with me every vacation where it sat on top of our now old-fashioned radio set which was about two foot tall in a corner of the lounge. Transistor radios where about 10 years in the future, I bought my first in Aden, an open tax free port in 1959. Some TV sets were available but did not become widespread for another 6 or 7 years.
My mother a very reserved strict Teetotal Methodist ex schoolteacher never to my surprise objected. It was as if entering training for the medical profession put me on a new social plane. Sucking peppermints after having a pint with one's pals no longer became necessary. Our garrulous neighbour Mrs. S–, chatting to my mother in the lounge, suddenly spotted the skull, her eyes widened, her mouth continued talking but nothing came out.
My mother, " Oh! Don't worry about that. It's only Bill's skull."
Mrs .S–, promptly fainted.
I kept my skeleton for two years until after my 2nd MB exam, in fact it increased in size as I added a few variously acquired bones to it. I made a profit on its sale for 10 guineas. For many years half skeletons had been supplied from Dublin, but new ones were now said to come from India.
Now skeletons of varying complexity, made of white plastic can be bought, prices varying from about £80 to £800.
Boris cost me £190 in October 2011, a Christmas present for grandson Tom. Tom graduated B.Sc. Physiotherapy at Manchester Metropolitan this year. He has been appointed a junior physiotherapist at the same hospital I was consultant at for thirty years.
These are the only documents I can find copies of on my computer. All my school documents and exam papers, I found had been filed and carefully kept by my father, when I was sorting out his effects after his death, including every school report. These have been donated to the North Lincolnshire Museum at Scunthorpe.
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4 thoughts on "Starting University, early 1950s. – Bill Goldthorp"
Nikola Scott says:
Dear Bill,
I really enjoyed your insights into medical school and becoming a doctor in the 1950s, thank you so much for the post. I'm a historical novelist and my newest book is set in the 1950s, about a young woman training to be a doctor. I wondered if you might be able to help me with a few specific questions about medical school and education at that time? I've already done some research but personal insights do make such a big difference and I'd appreciate any help you might be able to give!
All best wishes,
Nikola Scott
Hi Nikola,
I will forward your email to Bill although I have not heard from him in a while. Thanks
Bill Goldthorp says:
Dear Brian,
Yes Ashdale became a hostel for male evacuess from Hull. Most evacuess went home after a few weeks but a small number remained throughout the war.
Our rivals the Ashdale Gang. We being Tetley based.. After the war I believe it was divided into two. One of the Fretwell brothers lived there. I cannot remeber his first name. It was the one who shocked everyone by returning married to an Austrian lady.
Fortunately she turned out to be a first class choice and evrybody was delighted to know her.
Best wishes Bill.
Brian Neville says:
I am doing some research for North Lincolnshire museum in Scunthorpe and hope you may be able to help. I am trying to find out all I can about the Ashdale hostel and Crowle wharf. Did a farmer called George Kelsey live in the house that became the hostel ? He died in 1940 . Was it used as a hostel during the war? I would be grateful for any help but I do understand that you may not be able to. Yours hopefully, Brian Neville.


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Miss Porter's School (MPS) is pleased to announce that it has been recognized by the National Business Officers Association (NBOA) to receive the Jeffrey Shields Award for Innovation Excellence in School Business Operations. "The NBOA presents this award to schools that have demonstrated innovation in school business operations through approaches, programs, and/or practices that may serve as a model in our independent school community."
Rooted in our mission and guided by our Community Call to Action, the MPS board of directors committed the school to dismantle racism within the institution. Each board committee was charged with creating and working towards its anti-racist goal. As such, Porter's facilitated a powerful solution to improving equity and inclusion by rethinking governance and business practices through an antiracist lens.
In collaboration with Offit Capital, our outsourced investment officer (OCIO), we have leveraged our $170M endowment and $30M operating budget to challenge systemic racism. We first partnered with Offit to seek new Black fund managers and other qualified advisors of color. We then surveyed our 20 largest endowment managers about their commitment to diversity, equity, and inclusion. This effort led to fruitful conversation about equitable hiring practices, employee retention and promotion, and organizational policies among other metrics. Led by our finance committee, we also surveyed our largest business partners and revised our RFP process for all contracts with special attention to antiracism policy and practice.
Chief Financial and Operating Officer Michael Bergin shares that an institution's budget and operations should reflect its mission statement in numbers. Porter's received the Jeffrey Shields Award for its innovation in approaching business and financial matters through an anti-racist lens. As Bergin states, "Independent schools have enormous economic power, and we must leverage our institutional capacity, in the words of our mission statement, to shape a changing world."
Read more about the NBOA Jeffrey Shields Award for Innovation Excellence in School Business Operations award recipients here.
2022 NBOA Innovation Excellence Award
Category: General, Head of School


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Home / Journals / CMES / Vol.47, No.1, 2009
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Vol.47, No.1, 2009-Table of Contents
A New Method for Fredholm Integral Equations of 1D Backward Heat Conduction Problems
Chein-Shan Liu1
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.47, No.1, pp. 1-22, 2009, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2009.047.001
Abstract In this paper an analytical method for approximating the solution of backward heat conduction problem is presented. The Fourier series expansion technique is used to formulate a first-kind Fredholm integral equation for the temperature field u(x,t) at any time t < T, when the data are specified at a final time T. Then we consider a direct regularization, instead of the Tikhonov regularization, by adding the term αu(x,t) to obtain a second-kind Fredholm integral equation. The termwise separable property of kernel function allows us by transforming it to a two-point boundary value problem, and thus a closed-form solution is derived.… More >
Low-velocity impact of composites plates using the Radial Point Interpolation Method
A. Djeukou1, O. von Estorff2
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.47, No.1, pp. 23-42, 2009, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2009.047.023
Abstract The paper deals with the response of rectangular composite plates to low-velocity impact. A third-order shear deformation theory as well as the Newmark integration are used to determine the contact force history analytically. The interaction between the impactor and the plate is modeled with the help of a two degrees-of-freedom system, consisting of springs and masses. The Choi's linearized Hertzian contact model is used to determine the contact force. The maximum impact force is employed for a static damage analysis of the composite plate by means of the radial point interpolation method, while the Tsai-Wu failure criterion is applied for… More >
Three Dimensional Nonlinear Temperature and Structural Analysis of Roller compacted Concrete Dam
J. Noorzaei1, K.H. Bayagoob2, A.A. Abdulrazeg1, M.S. Jaafar1,1, T.A. Mohammed1
Abstract This paper focuses on the development, verification and application of a three-dimensional finite element code for coupled thermal and structural analysis of roller compacted concrete dams. The Kinta RCC gravity dam, which is the first roller compacted concrete dam in Malaysia, has been taken for the purpose of verification of the finite element code. The actual climatic conditions and thermal properties of the materials were considered in the analysis. The structural stress analysis was performed using the elasto-plastic stress analysis. The Mohr yield criterion which is widely used for concrete plasticity modeling was adopted in this study. The results have… More >
Two- and Three-Dimensional Transient Thermoelastic Analysis by the MLPG Method
J. Sladek1, V. Sladek1, P. Solek2, C.L. Tan3, Ch. Zhang4
Abstract The meshless local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) method for transient linear thermoelastic analysis is presented. Orthotropic material properties are considered here. In uncoupled thermoelasticity, the temperature field is not influenced by displacements. Therefore, in the first step, the heat conduction equation is solved for the temperature distribution in the domain. The equations of motion are then solved with the inertial term considered. A Heaviside step function as the test functions is applied in the weak-form to derive local integral equations for solving two- and three-dimensional problems. Local integral equations are written on small sub-domains with circular or spherical shapes. They surround nodal… More >


"We started dealing with Macauley Smyth in 2010. We are both from the Newry area but we have been living in Dublin for a number of years and we have businesses based there.
Due to the fact that we do a lot of cross-border trade and trade with the UK we need a firm of accountants who are tuned into our situation and to be frank we struggled to source accurate UK trading tax advice in Dublin for a number of years.
To date we have found Bernie and Caroline to be extremely efficient and diligent in their dealings with us."


For the past three and half decades, foreign believers have traditionally served in one of two ways. They have sought to witness for Christ as professionals in education, business, or humanitarian endeavors, or they have served the indigenous church directly, primarily in the area of training.
From Training to Mentoring. Much of the equipping formerly done by foreigners can now be done by local Chinese. What is missing is an older, more experienced generation who can encourage today's leaders as they navigate uncharted territory.
From Leading to Modeling. Particularly in the NGO sector, where restrictions on foreign involvement are increasing, it is no longer either feasible or advisable for foreign workers to continue taking the lead. Their most constructive contribution is modeling effective leadership as they pass the baton to emerging local leaders.
From Doing to Paving the Way. Whereas some roles in the past were simply not open to local Christians—or there were no local Christians available to fill them—foreign Christians today have the opportunity to introduce local counterparts into roles they once occupied.
From Solutions to Shared Innovation. The creativity that foreign Christians learned in an environment where "anything is possible, but nothing is easy" may not be what the church needs going forward. Instead, foreign and local Christians need to innovate together as the church finds culturally appropriate ways to step into new areas of opportunity.
From Sending to Receiving. In the past much effort was put into developing "platforms" for a legitimate foreign presence in China. Today, as the Chinese church prepares to send workers from China, entities outside China need to look at ways to receive these workers.
From Trailblazer to Fellow Traveler. The "lone ranger" approach of breaking into new social sectors or geographical areas represents an outdated paradigm. Foreign and local believers need to be journeying together.
From Entrepreneur to Catalyst. For foreign Christians whose relationships span multiple cities or networks, their most important contribution may not be starting anything new, but rather bringing local resources together in new ways.
Christians from around the world have met critical needs during a period of rapid growth and social transformation. Although few would argue that the foreign believer is no longer needed, the particular skills and characteristics desired today may be very different from past decades.
Image credit: 7 by Linda Åslund via Flickr.


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Home » 'Climate change, not Genghis Khan, destroyed central Asia'
'Climate change, not Genghis Khan, destroyed central Asia'
A new research led by the University of Lincoln, UK, reconstructed the effects of climate change on floodwater farming in present southern Kazakhstan.
Decreasing river flow caused by climate change was a cause for the abandonment of previously flourishing city states in Central Asia's medieval river civilisations, new research has shown.
The research led by the University of Lincoln, UK, reconstructed the effects of climate change on floodwater farming in present southern Kazakhstan. It challenges the assumption that the area was destroyed by the Mongol invasion of Genghis Khan in the early 13th century.
The examination of long-term river dynamics and ancient irrigation networks showed the changing climate and dryer conditions may have been the real cause. "It was climate change, not Genghis Khan, that was the ultimate cause for the demise of Central Asia's forgotten river civilisations," Mark Macklin, the study's author from the University of Lincoln, said in a release from the university.
https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/climate-change-not-genghis-khan-destroyed-central-asia-101612314827166.html