In this list, you'll discover the best memory improvement books; but first, let's talk for a few short minutes about memory in general so that you can choose easier what is the perfect fit (book) for your particular needs.
Do you have the feeling you're losing your memory?
From young to old, I hear this complaint quite often, and people get frightened by the prospect of not remembering what is happening in their life.
Rightly so, because memories give us the sense of self; we believe we are who we are due to our memories; we feel we are shaped as an individual by our recollection of the past.
If you believe and feel like that too, you're not far from the truth. Your personality is chiseled, bit by bit, to become a masterpiece mostly by the events in your life.
There are many reasons why you might fail to remember certain things.
The most significant reason (and this happens most often) is that you don't pay too much attention to what is happening when it happens.
Then, as time is passing, you can't remember what you didn't store in your memory in the first place. That's like searching for potatoes in your pantry even though you didn't store there any potatoes.
The second significant reason is that, when certain things happen, you don't have any (or not strong enough) emotions connected to them.
That is why (among other things), most times we don't remember people's names from the first encounter – there are no emotions connected to those people; they feel insignificant to occupy a place in our storage space.
When things and people become significantly emotional to us, we remember. The stronger the emotion, the more details you remember.
A few days ago I was talking (on the phone) with a high school friend. In the middle of the conversation, I started having hiccups.
"Are you drinking sparkling water or fizzy drinks?" she asked me.
I didn't remember that. I just knew that, for more than 20 years, I avoided drinking sparkly water or fizzy drinks; but I had no idea why; I thought I just don't like the sensation.
I didn't remember the hiccups because it was a thing void of emotions. Yet, for some reason, my friend has some emotions about me having hiccups.
There are no emotions about where you left your keys… you get emotional (angry) that you didn't leave them in the usual spot. That emotion (feeling angry) makes you remember the fact that you're misplacing your keys and you might draw the conclusion you're a forgetful person. You can miss the point: the issue is not that you don't remember, but leaving your keys randomly.
The third significant reason why you might feel you're losing your memory is that you have an expectation about how you should remember things.
Most of us expect to remember in pictures, but for (+-) 40% of people memories are feelings (sensations), tastes, smells, sounds, with occasionally faded or distorted images. You might not remember how it looks like a childhood friend, but you might remember how you felt when you saw that person.
The fourth significant reason why you might have memory gaps is that your unconscious mind selects what feels relevant to be stored.
When you count, you must remember the last number you say and what follows; what's before that, it's irrelevant.
Most skills you don't practice become irrelevant to remember. That's why we say "[…]it's like riding a bike" when we refer to skills you might remember even if you don't practice them – they are an exception from the rule (what you don't use, you forget).
The fifth significant reason why you might forget is the fear of forgetting things might cause you a stress that is more powerful emotionally than the event in itself. You remember more how much you wanted to remember (the desire to remember), and the event becomes a bit fuzzy.
This book is a great tool to improve your memory from both perspectives we spoke today: learning something new or remembering the events in your day to day life.
You'll discover in this book a ten steps system to improve your memory using visualization and hearing (not the usual tedious repetition).
This book contains a lot of exercises to train your memory, learn faster, and expand your knowledge.
Even though the title says that you'll learn "Almost anything in 24 hours", that might be true only after you master the memory techniques presented in the book. However, the title is not necessarily misleading because you must become skilled on those techniques only once, and then, use them over and over for whatever you want to learn.
3. A Mind for Numbers: How to Excel at Math and Science (Even If You Flunked Algebra) - Barbara Oakley Ph.D.
This book is a tool that gives you the secrets of learning more effectively (math and science).
This book helps you learn faster and improve your memory more than you ever thought it's possible.
You'll discover in this book, eight little-known learning techniques that use the visual memory, the Link system, the consonant number system.
If you're a student and you'd like to increase your performance this book is for you.
Whatever is the area of your life for which you want to improve your memory, this book will help you do it.
Memorising things is more of a skill than innate talent. Because of that fact (being a skill), you can learn how to memorize and remember what's important to you.
This book is a three-week programme that can help you regain your clarity of mind, focus, and restore the balance of your brain chemistry so that you can learn faster, increase your memory, and live with joy.
The book is not explicitly designed just for improving your memory but for improving the way you think and nourish your brain.
It can be quite frustrating to be approached by people that seem to know you, but you have no idea who they are. There are only that many apologies you can stand to offer; I guess, you'd like to overcome forgetting the face and the name of the people you meet.
Having the ability to remember people's name and faces gives you so many benefits, starting from self-preservation and protection, and finishing with increased power to influence others.
If you would like to know all of that and more, this book is for you.
Mind mapping has various applications; from goal setting to designing your projects, from remembering essential things to finding easier your way to success.
Yes, our age can influence our memory. However, it doesn't influence it to the extent we are made to believe.
Discover in this book how to keep your memory pristine, year of the year; improving your confidence by memorizing to-do lists, quotations, and presentations no matter your age.
Getting older is the natural progression of things, but losing your memory is not.
This book can be your tool on how to improve your memory to achieve the things above and more.
14. Your Memory: How It Works and How to Improve It - Kenneth L. Higbee Ph.D.
This book contains all the information you might want about memory.
Improve your Mnemonics knowledge with the help of this book.
Did you notice you can read from memory a sentence you've seen only for a second? Or that you remember what you've been thinking (when someone interrupts you) if you look at the things you saw when you started thinking?
Even if your primary system of storing memories is not visual (as in my case) improving your photographic memory can make a lot of difference in your memory skills.
Discover in this book how to expand your memory capacity, use your emotions to remember information and events easily, tricks to remember faces and names.
Others might judge your intelligence by the size of your waistline. However, as we progress in life, our physical appearance becomes less and less relevant. When you'll be older, no one will care how good you look; but we care a great deal about how coherent, articulate, logical, and sane we are.
Discover in this book how to improve and keep your memory and your brain functioning at optimum capacity for the rest of your life.
Apart from the quality of your thoughts, what has the most significant impact on your brain function, is the quality of the food you're using to nourish your brain every day.
This book is a complete program for enhancing your brain capabilities, improving brain functions (e.g., memory, creativity, focus, and comprehension).
The book is based on the latest neuroscience research and gives you actionable advice concerning your brain cognitive functions and memory.
Discover what's the connection between living a healthy life and the health of your brain.
Discover in this book tips and tricks to remember what you learn and the events in your life so that you feel you're living life to the fullest. Know how and where are your days going.
Most people who are afraid of getting older, do so because they don't remember what happened in their life so far.
Join the club of those who can say proudly and unapologetic their age because they know how beautiful their life so far has been.
19. Brain Food: The Surprising Science of Eating for Cognitive Power - Lisa Mosconi Ph.D.
Probably you've noticed how certain foods make you feel lethargic, forgetful and kill your enthusiasm and interest about most things around you.
Your brain runs faster when your legs are moving. However, your legs stand still if there is no proper fuel.
Discover in this book how to properly nourish your brain and body for a happy, long, healthy and joyful life.
This book is a comprehensive tool for improving your memory.
Discover in this book clear, detailed and actionable techniques to improve your memory.
The book is full of exercises and examples that help you change the way you learn and become a sponge of knowledge.
If you're searching for ways to improve your memory, become more skilled, and learn smarter, this book is for you.
There is nothing in this world that can fool you as you are fooling yourself (sometimes).
We have this perception that what we remember must be the truth, the full truth, and nothing but the truth. Yet, it happens more often than you might think to remember "creations" of your imagination rather than actual facts.
This book is written by tree memory experts and is based on scientific research.
If you're searching to learn more about the memory (probably), you can't find a more in-depth book on the subject.


To make a secure donation online, click here.
To make a donation by telephone using a major credit card, please call (718) 254-9134 x627.
Give to safeguard families fleeing domestic violence. Give to free our communities of relationship abuse and bullying.
For 40 years, the Center Against Domestic Violence has been working toward a society free from violence by transforming the lives of victims and raising awareness in our communities.
If you are interested in making a contribution of stock or other types of donations, please call (718) 254-9134 x609 or email us at center@centeragainstdv.org.
The Center for the Elimination of Violence in the Family, Inc., d.b.a. The Center Against Domestic Violence, is a not for profit corporation under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, and your contribution is deductible to the extent allowed by law.
Financial and other information about the Center Against Domestic Violence's purpose, programs, and activities can be obtained by contacting the Center Against Domestic Violence, 25 Chapel St., Suite 904, Brooklyn, NY 11201, 718-254-9134, or upon request from the NYS Attorney General Charities Bureau, 120 Broadway, New York, NY, 10271.


OSLO (Reuters) - The European Union will need radical new policies to reach goals for safeguarding the environment by 2050 after limited progress in curbing pollution and climate change, the European Environment Agency (EEA) said on Tuesday.
"We need to start now," Hans Bruyninckx, head of the EEA, told Reuters of a five-yearly environmental report that said "profound changes" in technologies, policies and lifestyles were necessary to achieve long-term green targets.
The Copenhagen-based EEA said Europe — backed by some of the toughest environmental legislation in the world — had improved air and water quality, cut greenhouse gas emissions and raised waste recycling in recent years.
"Despite these gains, Europe still faces a range of persistent and growing environmental challenges," including global warming, chemical pollution and extinctions of species of animals and plants, the report said.
Europe is not on track to realize by 2050 its vision of "living well, within the limits of our planet", as agreed in 2013, it added.
The report indicated that most Europeans were using more than four hectares (10 acres) of the planet's resources each year — more than double what it rated a sustainable ecological footprint.
Seas are suffering from pollution and over-exploitation, it said. Over-fishing has declined in the Atlantic and Baltic but 91 percent of Mediterranean stocks were over-fished in 2014.
The European Commission has estimated that a shift to a greener, low-carbon economy by 2050 will require investments of an extra 270 billion euros ($303 billion) a year, or 1.5 percent of EU gross domestic product (GDP) in coming decades.
The EEA said Europe could benefit economically from greener cities, industry, transport and agriculture. "This is not a threat to well-being ... For Europe this is a major opportunity," Bruyninckx said.
Illustrating a needed leap in thinking, he said transport policy now focused on ever tougher fuel efficiency standards for gasoline-powered cars. For 2050, the world would need zero-emissions vehicles run on hydrogen or green electricity.
Among areas of progress, the EU has cut greenhouse gas emissions by 19 percent since 1990 while achieving a 45 percent increase in economic output, the report said. The EU plans an emissions cut of 40 percent by 2030.
Bruyninckx said 2050 green goals were not about some remote future, noting that Europeans born today will be 35 in 2050 with more than half their expected lifetimes before them.


Review: This is another example of tabular strategy map. This strategy map is not based on base 4 balance scorecards as it can be seen that it contains additional organizational perspective. Strategy map is highly professional and detailed. The objective of the organization is to improve the financial capacity of the organization which has been clearly mentioned and all the objectives categorized into corresponding objectives co-operate together to achieve this main goal.
Opportunities: A very good model for financial organization striving to achieve financial goals. The comprehensive details of the objective results in a more structured and organized management strategy. Managers with organized management approach are likely to take advantage of this map in order to achieve financial objectives.
Result: Like other tabular maps, this map is also very good and comprehensive with a well-planned structure. Large organization can adopt it to achieve their objectives. Overall it is an excellent strategy map.


It is better to err in price than in the product. John D. Rockefeller.
Tungsten — the most refractory of the metals, so the tungsten range has exceptional heat resistance and heat resistance. He has excellent mechanical properties: wear resistance, hardness at high temperatures and the lowest coefficient of thermal expansion among metals. From tungsten round good thermal conductivity, very high thermal creep resistance and very high modulus of elasticity. It is resistant to korrozii, the action of alkalis and acids, including concentrated solutions of hydrochloric, sulfuric and nitric acids, Aqua Regia. Tungsten round produced the most responsible and reliable of items.
The main disadvantage is high cost. Tungsten is a rare metal, it is quite difficult to separate in pure form, it is refractory and cranky in the process. At normal temperatures, tungsten is not sufficiently plastic. Furthermore, it is very heavy, like gold.
First, by powder metallurgy make blanks. Technological plasticity of tungsten is small, but with increasing temperature are improved without loss of strength. Therefore, tungsten circle get hot pressure treatment. It uses a special means of heat treatment and modern technology of chemical protection, as the hot tungsten readily reacts with atmospheric gases. Semi-finished shape by hot rolling, drawing or pressing in accordance with GOST 25 501−82. Tungsten circles of different purposes (VRN) and mark VA, with additives of silicon and aluminium, are produced with diameters 1−10 mm. the production Quality is controlled at all stages.
Thin tungsten rounds Ø 1,6; 2; 3; 4 mm irreplaceable as consumable electrodes in arc welding; electronic and electrotechnical industry — for a special kind of contacts, which are soldered into glass, which current flows into vacuum tubes. Depending on diameter, surface conditions, and brand names of the circles you subsequently directly heated cathode ion sources for ion-implantation of installations and different types of heaters, for example in the glass industry for melting of the electrodes and stirrers of hot glass.
W 100% tungsten Green As Alloys of aluminium, magnesium. Worse the ignition and re-ignition than that of alloyed electrodes. Stable arcing.
In stock, LLC «Electrocentury-steel» always in stock a wide selection of high quality tungsten circle tungsten rod at a price that will satisfy any customer. We offer good conditions for wholesale and retail buyers. If necessary, advise you experienced managers. All products are certified. Quality is guaranteed by strict observance of technological norms of production. Delivery in the shortest possible time. At wholesale orders are provided preferential discount.


text:
/* System introspection configs */
#ifdef CMAKE_BUILD
#include "lws_config.h"
#else
#if defined(WIN32) || defined(_WIN32)
#define inline __inline
#else /* not WIN32 */
#include "config.h"

#endif /* not WIN32 */
#endif /* not CMAKE */

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
#include <sys/types.h>
#endif

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <stdarg.h>

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
#include <sys/stat.h>
#endif

#if defined(WIN32) || defined(_WIN32)
#define LWS_NO_DAEMONIZE
#define LWS_ERRNO WSAGetLastError()
#define LWS_EAGAIN WSAEWOULDBLOCK
#define LWS_EALREADY WSAEALREADY
#define LWS_EINPROGRESS WSAEINPROGRESS
#define LWS_EINTR WSAEINTR
#define LWS_EISCONN WSAEISCONN
#define LWS_EWOULDBLOCK WSAEWOULDBLOCK
#define LWS_POLLHUP (FD_CLOSE)
#define LWS_POLLIN (FD_READ | FD_ACCEPT)
#define LWS_POLLOUT (FD_WRITE)
#define MSG_NOSIGNAL 0
#define SHUT_RDWR SD_BOTH
#define SOL_TCP IPPROTO_TCP

#define compatible_close(fd) closesocket(fd)
#define compatible_file_close(fd) CloseHandle(fd)

#ifdef WINRT

#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS
#define compatible_file_seek_cur(fd, offset) {\
    LARGE_INTEGER t;\
    t.QuadPart = (LONGLONG) offset;\
    SetFilePointerEx(fd, t, NULL, 1);\
}
#else
#define compatible_file_seek_cur(fd, offset) SetFilePointer(fd, offset, NULL, FILE_CURRENT)
#endif

#define compatible_file_read(amount, fd, buf, len) {\
	DWORD _amount; \
	if (!ReadFile(fd, buf, len, &_amount, NULL)) \
		amount = -1; \
	else \
		amount = _amount; \
	}
#define lws_set_blocking_send(wsi) wsi->sock_send_blocking = TRUE
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#ifdef HAVE_IN6ADDR_H
#include <in6addr.h>
#endif

#ifdef WINRT
struct tcp_keepalive {
    ULONG onoff;
    ULONG keepalivetime;
    ULONG keepaliveinterval;
};
#define SIO_KEEPALIVE_VALS  _WSAIOW(IOC_VENDOR,4)
#else
#include <mstcpip.h>
#endif

#ifndef __func__
#define __func__ __FUNCTION__
#endif

#ifdef _WIN32_WCE
#define vsnprintf _vsnprintf
#endif

#define LWS_INVALID_FILE INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE
#else /* not windows --> */
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#ifdef LWS_BUILTIN_GETIFADDRS
 #include <getifaddrs.h>
#else
 #include <ifaddrs.h>
#endif
#include <sys/syslog.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#ifndef LWS_NO_FORK
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_PRCTL_H
#include <sys/prctl.h>
#endif
#endif
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/tcp.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <poll.h>
#ifdef LWS_USE_LIBEV
#include <ev.h>
#endif /* LWS_USE_LIBEV */

#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/time.h>

#define LWS_ERRNO errno
#define LWS_EAGAIN EAGAIN
#define LWS_EALREADY EALREADY
#define LWS_EINPROGRESS EINPROGRESS
#define LWS_EINTR EINTR
#define LWS_EISCONN EISCONN
#define LWS_EWOULDBLOCK EWOULDBLOCK
#define LWS_INVALID_FILE -1
#define LWS_POLLHUP (POLLHUP|POLLERR)
#define LWS_POLLIN (POLLIN)
#define LWS_POLLOUT (POLLOUT)
#define compatible_close(fd) close(fd)
#define compatible_file_close(fd) close(fd)
#define compatible_file_seek_cur(fd, offset) lseek(fd, offset, SEEK_CUR)
#define compatible_file_read(amount, fd, buf, len) \
		amount = read(fd, buf, len);
#define lws_set_blocking_send(wsi)
#endif

#ifndef HAVE_BZERO
#define bzero(b, len) (memset((b), '\0', (len)), (void) 0)
#endif

#ifndef HAVE_STRERROR
#define strerror(x) ""
#endif

#ifdef LWS_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
#ifdef USE_CYASSL
#include <cyassl/openssl/ssl.h>
#include <cyassl/error.h>
unsigned char *
SHA1(const unsigned char *d, size_t n, unsigned char *md);
#else
#include <openssl/ssl.h>
#include <openssl/evp.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/md5.h>
#include <openssl/sha.h>
#endif /* not USE_CYASSL */
#endif

#include "libwebsockets.h"

#if defined(WIN32) || defined(_WIN32)

#ifndef BIG_ENDIAN
#define BIG_ENDIAN    4321  /* to show byte order (taken from gcc) */
#endif
#ifndef LITTLE_ENDIAN
#define LITTLE_ENDIAN 1234
#endif
#ifndef BYTE_ORDER
#define BYTE_ORDER LITTLE_ENDIAN
#endif
typedef unsigned __int64 u_int64_t;

#undef __P
#ifndef __P
#if __STDC__
#define __P(protos) protos
#else
#define __P(protos) ()
#endif
#endif

#else

#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/cdefs.h>
#include <sys/time.h>

#if defined(__APPLE__)
#include <machine/endian.h>
#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
#include <sys/endian.h>
#elif defined(__linux__)
#include <endian.h>
#endif

#if !defined(BYTE_ORDER)
# define BYTE_ORDER __BYTE_ORDER
#endif
#if !defined(LITTLE_ENDIAN)
# define LITTLE_ENDIAN __LITTLE_ENDIAN
#endif
#if !defined(BIG_ENDIAN)
# define BIG_ENDIAN __BIG_ENDIAN
#endif

#endif

/*
 * Mac OSX as well as iOS do not define the MSG_NOSIGNAL flag,
 * but happily have something equivalent in the SO_NOSIGPIPE flag.
 */
#ifdef __APPLE__
#define MSG_NOSIGNAL SO_NOSIGPIPE
#endif

#ifndef LWS_MAX_HEADER_LEN
#define LWS_MAX_HEADER_LEN 1024
#endif
#ifndef LWS_MAX_PROTOCOLS
#define LWS_MAX_PROTOCOLS 5
#endif
#ifndef LWS_MAX_EXTENSIONS_ACTIVE
#define LWS_MAX_EXTENSIONS_ACTIVE 3
#endif
#ifndef SPEC_LATEST_SUPPORTED
#define SPEC_LATEST_SUPPORTED 13
#endif
#ifndef AWAITING_TIMEOUT
#define AWAITING_TIMEOUT 5
#endif
#ifndef CIPHERS_LIST_STRING
#define CIPHERS_LIST_STRING "DEFAULT"
#endif
#ifndef LWS_SOMAXCONN
#define LWS_SOMAXCONN SOMAXCONN
#endif

#define MAX_WEBSOCKET_04_KEY_LEN 128
#define LWS_MAX_SOCKET_IO_BUF 4096

#ifndef SYSTEM_RANDOM_FILEPATH
#define SYSTEM_RANDOM_FILEPATH "/dev/urandom"
#endif
#ifndef LWS_MAX_ZLIB_CONN_BUFFER
#define LWS_MAX_ZLIB_CONN_BUFFER (64 * 1024)
#endif

/*
 * if not in a connection storm, check for incoming
 * connections this many normal connection services
 */
#define LWS_LISTEN_SERVICE_MODULO 10

enum lws_websocket_opcodes_07 {
	LWS_WS_OPCODE_07__CONTINUATION = 0,
	LWS_WS_OPCODE_07__TEXT_FRAME = 1,
	LWS_WS_OPCODE_07__BINARY_FRAME = 2,

	LWS_WS_OPCODE_07__NOSPEC__MUX = 7,

	/* control extensions 8+ */

	LWS_WS_OPCODE_07__CLOSE = 8,
	LWS_WS_OPCODE_07__PING = 9,
	LWS_WS_OPCODE_07__PONG = 0xa,
};

enum lws_connection_states {
	WSI_STATE_HTTP,
	WSI_STATE_HTTP_ISSUING_FILE,
	WSI_STATE_HTTP_HEADERS,
	WSI_STATE_HTTP_BODY,
	WSI_STATE_DEAD_SOCKET,
	WSI_STATE_ESTABLISHED,
	WSI_STATE_CLIENT_UNCONNECTED,
	WSI_STATE_RETURNED_CLOSE_ALREADY,
	WSI_STATE_AWAITING_CLOSE_ACK,
	WSI_STATE_FLUSHING_STORED_SEND_BEFORE_CLOSE,
};

enum lws_rx_parse_state {
	LWS_RXPS_NEW,

	LWS_RXPS_04_MASK_NONCE_1,
	LWS_RXPS_04_MASK_NONCE_2,
	LWS_RXPS_04_MASK_NONCE_3,

	LWS_RXPS_04_FRAME_HDR_1,
	LWS_RXPS_04_FRAME_HDR_LEN,
	LWS_RXPS_04_FRAME_HDR_LEN16_2,
	LWS_RXPS_04_FRAME_HDR_LEN16_1,
	LWS_RXPS_04_FRAME_HDR_LEN64_8,
	LWS_RXPS_04_FRAME_HDR_LEN64_7,
	LWS_RXPS_04_FRAME_HDR_LEN64_6,
	LWS_RXPS_04_FRAME_HDR_LEN64_5,
	LWS_RXPS_04_FRAME_HDR_LEN64_4,
	LWS_RXPS_04_FRAME_HDR_LEN64_3,
	LWS_RXPS_04_FRAME_HDR_LEN64_2,
	LWS_RXPS_04_FRAME_HDR_LEN64_1,

	LWS_RXPS_07_COLLECT_FRAME_KEY_1,
	LWS_RXPS_07_COLLECT_FRAME_KEY_2,
	LWS_RXPS_07_COLLECT_FRAME_KEY_3,
	LWS_RXPS_07_COLLECT_FRAME_KEY_4,

	LWS_RXPS_PAYLOAD_UNTIL_LENGTH_EXHAUSTED
};

enum connection_mode {
	LWS_CONNMODE_HTTP_SERVING,
	LWS_CONNMODE_HTTP_SERVING_ACCEPTED, /* actual HTTP service going on */
	LWS_CONNMODE_PRE_WS_SERVING_ACCEPT,

	LWS_CONNMODE_WS_SERVING,
	LWS_CONNMODE_WS_CLIENT,

	/* transient, ssl delay hiding */
	LWS_CONNMODE_SSL_ACK_PENDING,

	/* transient modes */
	LWS_CONNMODE_WS_CLIENT_WAITING_CONNECT,
	LWS_CONNMODE_WS_CLIENT_WAITING_PROXY_REPLY,
	LWS_CONNMODE_WS_CLIENT_ISSUE_HANDSHAKE,
	LWS_CONNMODE_WS_CLIENT_ISSUE_HANDSHAKE2,
	LWS_CONNMODE_WS_CLIENT_WAITING_SSL,
	LWS_CONNMODE_WS_CLIENT_WAITING_SERVER_REPLY,
	LWS_CONNMODE_WS_CLIENT_WAITING_EXTENSION_CONNECT,
	LWS_CONNMODE_WS_CLIENT_PENDING_CANDIDATE_CHILD,

	/* special internal types */
	LWS_CONNMODE_SERVER_LISTENER,
};

enum {
	LWS_RXFLOW_ALLOW = (1 << 0),
	LWS_RXFLOW_PENDING_CHANGE = (1 << 1),
};

struct libwebsocket_protocols;
struct libwebsocket;

#ifdef LWS_USE_LIBEV
struct lws_io_watcher {
	struct ev_io watcher;
	struct libwebsocket_context* context;
};

struct lws_signal_watcher {
	struct ev_signal watcher;
	struct libwebsocket_context* context;
};
#endif /* LWS_USE_LIBEV */

struct libwebsocket_context {
#ifdef _WIN32
	WSAEVENT *events;
#endif
	struct libwebsocket_pollfd *fds;
	struct libwebsocket **lws_lookup; /* fd to wsi */
	int fds_count;
#ifdef LWS_USE_LIBEV
	struct ev_loop* io_loop;
	struct lws_io_watcher w_accept;
	struct lws_signal_watcher w_sigint;
#endif /* LWS_USE_LIBEV */
	int max_fds;
	int listen_port;
	const char *iface;
	char http_proxy_address[128];
	char canonical_hostname[128];
	unsigned int http_proxy_port;
	unsigned int options;
	time_t last_timeout_check_s;

	/*
	 * usable by anything in the service code, but only if the scope
	 * does not last longer than the service action (since next service
	 * of any socket can likewise use it and overwrite)
	 */
	unsigned char service_buffer[LWS_MAX_SOCKET_IO_BUF];

	int started_with_parent;

	int fd_random;
	int listen_service_modulo;
	int listen_service_count;
	int listen_service_fd;
	int listen_service_extraseen;

	/*
	 * set to the Thread ID that's doing the service loop just before entry
	 * to poll indicates service thread likely idling in poll()
	 * volatile because other threads may check it as part of processing
	 * for pollfd event change.
	 */
	volatile int service_tid;
#ifndef _WIN32
	int dummy_pipe_fds[2];
#endif

	int ka_time;
	int ka_probes;
	int ka_interval;

#ifdef LWS_LATENCY
	unsigned long worst_latency;
	char worst_latency_info[256];
#endif

#ifdef LWS_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
	int use_ssl;
	int allow_non_ssl_on_ssl_port;
	SSL_CTX *ssl_ctx;
	SSL_CTX *ssl_client_ctx;
#endif
	struct libwebsocket_protocols *protocols;
	int count_protocols;
#ifndef LWS_NO_EXTENSIONS
	struct libwebsocket_extension *extensions;
#endif
    struct lws_token_limits *token_limits;
	void *user_space;
};

enum {
	LWS_EV_READ = (1 << 0),
	LWS_EV_WRITE = (1 << 1),
	LWS_EV_START = (1 << 2),
	LWS_EV_STOP = (1 << 3),
};

#ifdef LWS_USE_LIBEV
#define LWS_LIBEV_ENABLED(context) (context->options & LWS_SERVER_OPTION_LIBEV)
LWS_EXTERN void lws_feature_status_libev(struct lws_context_creation_info *info);
LWS_EXTERN void
lws_libev_accept(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
		 struct libwebsocket *new_wsi, int accept_fd);
LWS_EXTERN void
lws_libev_io(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
				struct libwebsocket *wsi, int flags);
LWS_EXTERN int
lws_libev_init_fd_table(struct libwebsocket_context *context);
LWS_EXTERN void
lws_libev_run(struct libwebsocket_context *context);
#else
#define LWS_LIBEV_ENABLED(context) (0)
#define lws_feature_status_libev(_a) \
			lwsl_notice("libev support not compiled in\n")
#define lws_libev_accept(_a, _b, _c) ((void) 0)
#define lws_libev_io(_a, _b, _c) ((void) 0)
#define lws_libev_init_fd_table(_a) (0)
#define lws_libev_run(_a) ((void) 0)
#endif

#ifdef LWS_USE_IPV6
#define LWS_IPV6_ENABLED(context) (!(context->options & LWS_SERVER_OPTION_DISABLE_IPV6))
#else
#define LWS_IPV6_ENABLED(context) (0)
#endif

enum uri_path_states {
	URIPS_IDLE,
	URIPS_SEEN_SLASH,
	URIPS_SEEN_SLASH_DOT,
	URIPS_SEEN_SLASH_DOT_DOT,
	URIPS_ARGUMENTS,
};

enum uri_esc_states {
	URIES_IDLE,
	URIES_SEEN_PERCENT,
	URIES_SEEN_PERCENT_H1,
};

/*
 * This is totally opaque to code using the library.  It's exported as a
 * forward-reference pointer-only declaration; the user can use the pointer with
 * other APIs to get information out of it.
 */

struct lws_fragments {
	unsigned short offset;
	unsigned short len;
	unsigned char next_frag_index;
};

struct allocated_headers {
	unsigned short next_frag_index;
	unsigned short pos;
	unsigned char frag_index[WSI_TOKEN_COUNT];
	struct lws_fragments frags[WSI_TOKEN_COUNT * 2];
	char data[LWS_MAX_HEADER_LEN];
#ifndef LWS_NO_CLIENT
	char initial_handshake_hash_base64[30];
	unsigned short c_port;
#endif
};

struct _lws_http_mode_related {
	struct allocated_headers *ah; /* mirroring  _lws_header_related */
#if defined(WIN32) || defined(_WIN32)
	HANDLE fd;
#else
	int fd;
#endif
	unsigned long filepos;
	unsigned long filelen;

	int content_length;
	int content_length_seen;
	int body_index;
	unsigned char *post_buffer;
};

struct _lws_header_related {
	struct allocated_headers *ah;
	short lextable_pos;
	unsigned short current_token_limit;
	unsigned char parser_state; /* enum lws_token_indexes */
	enum uri_path_states ups;
	enum uri_esc_states ues;
	char esc_stash;
};

struct _lws_websocket_related {
	char *rx_user_buffer;
	int rx_user_buffer_head;
	unsigned char frame_masking_nonce_04[4];
	unsigned char frame_mask_index;
	size_t rx_packet_length;
	unsigned char opcode;
	unsigned int final:1;
	unsigned char rsv;
	unsigned int frame_is_binary:1;
	unsigned int all_zero_nonce:1;
	short close_reason; /* enum lws_close_status */
	unsigned char *rxflow_buffer;
	int rxflow_len;
	int rxflow_pos;
	unsigned int rxflow_change_to:2;
	unsigned int this_frame_masked:1;
	unsigned int inside_frame:1; /* next write will be more of frame */
	unsigned int clean_buffer:1; /* buffer not rewritten by extension */
};

struct libwebsocket {

	/* lifetime members */

#ifdef LWS_USE_LIBEV
    struct lws_io_watcher w_read;
    struct lws_io_watcher w_write;
#endif /* LWS_USE_LIBEV */
	const struct libwebsocket_protocols *protocol;
#ifndef LWS_NO_EXTENSIONS
	struct libwebsocket_extension *
				   active_extensions[LWS_MAX_EXTENSIONS_ACTIVE];
	void *active_extensions_user[LWS_MAX_EXTENSIONS_ACTIVE];
	unsigned char count_active_extensions;
	unsigned int extension_data_pending:1;
#endif
	unsigned char ietf_spec_revision;

	char mode; /* enum connection_mode */
	char state; /* enum lws_connection_states */
	char lws_rx_parse_state; /* enum lws_rx_parse_state */
	char rx_frame_type; /* enum libwebsocket_write_protocol */

	unsigned int hdr_parsing_completed:1;
	unsigned int user_space_externally_allocated:1;

	char pending_timeout; /* enum pending_timeout */
	time_t pending_timeout_limit;

	int sock;
	int position_in_fds_table;
#ifdef LWS_LATENCY
	unsigned long action_start;
	unsigned long latency_start;
#endif

	/* truncated send handling */
	unsigned char *truncated_send_malloc; /* non-NULL means buffering in progress */
	unsigned int truncated_send_allocation; /* size of malloc */
	unsigned int truncated_send_offset; /* where we are in terms of spilling */
	unsigned int truncated_send_len; /* how much is buffered */

	void *user_space;

	/* members with mutually exclusive lifetimes are unionized */

	union u {
		struct _lws_http_mode_related http;
		struct _lws_header_related hdr;
		struct _lws_websocket_related ws;
	} u;

#ifdef LWS_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
	SSL *ssl;
	BIO *client_bio;
	unsigned int use_ssl:2;
#endif

#ifdef _WIN32
	BOOL sock_send_blocking;
#endif
};

LWS_EXTERN int log_level;

LWS_EXTERN void
libwebsocket_close_and_free_session(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
			       struct libwebsocket *wsi, enum lws_close_status);

LWS_EXTERN int
remove_wsi_socket_from_fds(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
						      struct libwebsocket *wsi);

#ifndef LWS_LATENCY
static inline void lws_latency(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
		struct libwebsocket *wsi, const char *action,
					 int ret, int completion) { while (0); }
static inline void lws_latency_pre(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
					struct libwebsocket *wsi) { while (0); }
#else
#define lws_latency_pre(_context, _wsi) lws_latency(_context, _wsi, NULL, 0, 0)
extern void
lws_latency(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
			struct libwebsocket *wsi, const char *action,
						       int ret, int completion);
#endif

LWS_EXTERN int
libwebsocket_client_rx_sm(struct libwebsocket *wsi, unsigned char c);

LWS_EXTERN int
libwebsocket_parse(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
		struct libwebsocket *wsi, unsigned char c);

LWS_EXTERN int
lws_b64_selftest(void);

LWS_EXTERN struct libwebsocket *
wsi_from_fd(struct libwebsocket_context *context, int fd);

LWS_EXTERN int
insert_wsi_socket_into_fds(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
						      struct libwebsocket *wsi);

LWS_EXTERN int
lws_issue_raw(struct libwebsocket *wsi, unsigned char *buf, size_t len);

LWS_EXTERN int
libwebsocket_service_timeout_check(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
				    struct libwebsocket *wsi, unsigned int sec);

LWS_EXTERN struct libwebsocket *
libwebsocket_client_connect_2(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
	struct libwebsocket *wsi);

LWS_EXTERN struct libwebsocket *
libwebsocket_create_new_server_wsi(struct libwebsocket_context *context);

LWS_EXTERN char *
libwebsockets_generate_client_handshake(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
		struct libwebsocket *wsi, char *pkt);

LWS_EXTERN int
lws_handle_POLLOUT_event(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
			      struct libwebsocket *wsi, struct libwebsocket_pollfd *pollfd);
/*
 * EXTENSIONS
 */

#ifndef LWS_NO_EXTENSIONS
LWS_VISIBLE void
lws_context_init_extensions(struct lws_context_creation_info *info,
				    struct libwebsocket_context *context);
LWS_EXTERN int
lws_any_extension_handled(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
			  struct libwebsocket *wsi,
			  enum libwebsocket_extension_callback_reasons r,
			  void *v, size_t len);

LWS_EXTERN int
lws_ext_callback_for_each_active(struct libwebsocket *wsi, int reason,
						    void *buf, int len);
LWS_EXTERN int
lws_ext_callback_for_each_extension_type(
		struct libwebsocket_context *context, struct libwebsocket *wsi,
			int reason, void *arg, int len);
#else
#define lws_any_extension_handled(_a, _b, _c, _d, _e) (0)
#define lws_ext_callback_for_each_active(_a, _b, _c, _d) (0)
#define lws_ext_callback_for_each_extension_type(_a, _b, _c, _d, _e) (0)
#define lws_issue_raw_ext_access lws_issue_raw
#define lws_context_init_extensions(_a, _b)
#endif

LWS_EXTERN int
lws_client_interpret_server_handshake(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
		struct libwebsocket *wsi);

LWS_EXTERN int
libwebsocket_rx_sm(struct libwebsocket *wsi, unsigned char c);

LWS_EXTERN int
lws_issue_raw_ext_access(struct libwebsocket *wsi,
						unsigned char *buf, size_t len);

LWS_EXTERN int
_libwebsocket_rx_flow_control(struct libwebsocket *wsi);

LWS_EXTERN int
user_callback_handle_rxflow(callback_function,
		struct libwebsocket_context *context,
			struct libwebsocket *wsi,
			 enum libwebsocket_callback_reasons reason, void *user,
							  void *in, size_t len);

LWS_EXTERN int
lws_plat_set_socket_options(struct libwebsocket_context *context, int fd);

LWS_EXTERN int
lws_allocate_header_table(struct libwebsocket *wsi);

LWS_EXTERN char *
lws_hdr_simple_ptr(struct libwebsocket *wsi, enum lws_token_indexes h);

LWS_EXTERN int
lws_hdr_simple_create(struct libwebsocket *wsi,
				enum lws_token_indexes h, const char *s);

LWS_EXTERN int
libwebsocket_ensure_user_space(struct libwebsocket *wsi);

LWS_EXTERN int
lws_change_pollfd(struct libwebsocket *wsi, int _and, int _or);

#ifndef LWS_NO_SERVER
int lws_context_init_server(struct lws_context_creation_info *info,
			    struct libwebsocket_context *context);
LWS_EXTERN int handshake_0405(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
						      struct libwebsocket *wsi);
LWS_EXTERN int
libwebsocket_interpret_incoming_packet(struct libwebsocket *wsi,
						unsigned char *buf, size_t len);
LWS_EXTERN void
lws_server_get_canonical_hostname(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
				struct lws_context_creation_info *info);
#else
#define lws_context_init_server(_a, _b) (0)
#define libwebsocket_interpret_incoming_packet(_a, _b, _c) (0)
#define lws_server_get_canonical_hostname(_a, _b)
#endif

#ifndef LWS_NO_DAEMONIZE
LWS_EXTERN int get_daemonize_pid();
#else
#define get_daemonize_pid() (0)
#endif

LWS_EXTERN int interface_to_sa(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
		const char *ifname, struct sockaddr_in *addr, size_t addrlen);

LWS_EXTERN void lwsl_emit_stderr(int level, const char *line);

#ifdef _WIN32
LWS_EXTERN HANDLE lws_plat_open_file(const char* filename, unsigned long* filelen);
#else
LWS_EXTERN int lws_plat_open_file(const char* filename, unsigned long* filelen);
#endif

enum lws_ssl_capable_status {
	LWS_SSL_CAPABLE_ERROR = -1,
	LWS_SSL_CAPABLE_MORE_SERVICE = -2,
};

#ifndef LWS_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
#define LWS_SSL_ENABLED(context) (0)
unsigned char *
SHA1(const unsigned char *d, size_t n, unsigned char *md);
#define lws_context_init_server_ssl(_a, _b) (0)
#define lws_ssl_destroy(_a)
#define lws_context_init_http2_ssl(_a)
#define lws_ssl_pending(_a) (0)
#define lws_ssl_capable_read lws_ssl_capable_read_no_ssl
#define lws_ssl_capable_write lws_ssl_capable_write_no_ssl
#define lws_server_socket_service_ssl(_a, _b, _c, _d, _e) (0)
#define lws_ssl_close(_a) (0)
#define lws_ssl_context_destroy(_a)
#else
#define LWS_SSL_ENABLED(context) (context->use_ssl)
LWS_EXTERN int lws_ssl_pending(struct libwebsocket *wsi);
LWS_EXTERN int openssl_websocket_private_data_index;
LWS_EXTERN int
lws_ssl_capable_read(struct libwebsocket *wsi, unsigned char *buf, int len);

LWS_EXTERN int
lws_ssl_capable_write(struct libwebsocket *wsi, unsigned char *buf, int len);
LWS_EXTERN int
lws_server_socket_service_ssl(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
		struct libwebsocket **wsi, struct libwebsocket *new_wsi,
		int accept_fd, struct libwebsocket_pollfd *pollfd);
LWS_EXTERN int
lws_ssl_close(struct libwebsocket *wsi);
LWS_EXTERN void
lws_ssl_context_destroy(struct libwebsocket_context *context);
#ifndef LWS_NO_SERVER
LWS_EXTERN int
lws_context_init_server_ssl(struct lws_context_creation_info *info,
		     struct libwebsocket_context *context);
#else
#define lws_context_init_server_ssl(_a, _b) (0)
#endif
LWS_EXTERN void
lws_ssl_destroy(struct libwebsocket_context *context);

/* HTTP2-related */

#ifdef LWS_USE_HTTP2
LWS_EXTERN void
lws_context_init_http2_ssl(struct libwebsocket_context *context);
#else
#define lws_context_init_http2_ssl(_a)
#endif
#endif

LWS_EXTERN int
lws_ssl_capable_read_no_ssl(struct libwebsocket *wsi, unsigned char *buf, int len);

LWS_EXTERN int
lws_ssl_capable_write_no_ssl(struct libwebsocket *wsi, unsigned char *buf, int len);

#ifndef LWS_NO_CLIENT
	LWS_EXTERN int lws_client_socket_service(
		struct libwebsocket_context *context,
		struct libwebsocket *wsi, struct libwebsocket_pollfd *pollfd);
#ifdef LWS_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
	LWS_EXTERN int lws_context_init_client_ssl(struct lws_context_creation_info *info,
			    struct libwebsocket_context *context);
#else
	#define lws_context_init_client_ssl(_a, _b) (0)
#endif
	LWS_EXTERN int lws_handshake_client(struct libwebsocket *wsi, unsigned char **buf, size_t len);
	LWS_EXTERN void
	libwebsockets_decode_ssl_error(void);
#else
#define lws_context_init_client_ssl(_a, _b) (0)
#define lws_handshake_client(_a, _b, _c) (0)
#endif
#ifndef LWS_NO_SERVER
	LWS_EXTERN int lws_server_socket_service(
		struct libwebsocket_context *context,
		struct libwebsocket *wsi, struct libwebsocket_pollfd *pollfd);
	LWS_EXTERN int _libwebsocket_rx_flow_control(struct libwebsocket *wsi);
	LWS_EXTERN int lws_handshake_server(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
		     struct libwebsocket *wsi, unsigned char **buf, size_t len);
#else
#define lws_server_socket_service(_a, _b, _c) (0)
#define _libwebsocket_rx_flow_control(_a) (0)
#define lws_handshake_server(_a, _b, _c, _d) (0)
#endif

/*
 * lws_plat_
 */
LWS_EXTERN void
lws_plat_delete_socket_from_fds(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
					       struct libwebsocket *wsi, int m);
LWS_EXTERN void
lws_plat_insert_socket_into_fds(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
						      struct libwebsocket *wsi);
LWS_EXTERN void
lws_plat_service_periodic(struct libwebsocket_context *context);

LWS_EXTERN int
lws_plat_change_pollfd(struct libwebsocket_context *context,
		     struct libwebsocket *wsi, struct libwebsocket_pollfd *pfd);
LWS_EXTERN int
lws_plat_context_early_init(void);
LWS_EXTERN void
lws_plat_context_early_destroy(struct libwebsocket_context *context);
LWS_EXTERN void
lws_plat_context_late_destroy(struct libwebsocket_context *context);
LWS_EXTERN int
lws_poll_listen_fd(struct libwebsocket_pollfd *fd);
LWS_EXTERN int
lws_plat_service(struct libwebsocket_context *context, int timeout_ms);
LWS_EXTERN int
lws_plat_init_fd_tables(struct libwebsocket_context *context);
LWS_EXTERN void
lws_plat_drop_app_privileges(struct lws_context_creation_info *info);
LWS_EXTERN unsigned long long
time_in_microseconds(void);
LWS_EXTERN const char *
lws_plat_inet_ntop(int af, const void *src, char *dst, int cnt);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
First artists for Dot To Dot Festival 2020 announced
Here's what fans need to know about the new music festival, returning to Manchester, Bristol and Nottingham in May.
Tom Stafford / Thu 9 January
Celebrating its fifteenth year, organisers of Dot To Dot Festival have confirmed the event will return this May.
The three-day touring music festival showcases some of the best new artists from around the globe and takes place across multiple venues in Manchester on Friday 22 May, Bristol on Saturday 23 May and Nottingham on Sunday 24 May 2020.
Organisers have also confirmed their first wave of artists announced for the festival, including the news that Leicester five piece Easy Life are set to headline.
The band arrive at Dot To Dot fresh from finishing as runners up on the prestigious BBC Sound Of Poll 2020 and are currently preparing for the release of their forthcoming new mixtape Junk Food.
Junk Food features the band's latest single Sangria and features fellow BBC Sound Of nominee Arlo Parks.
For the first time ever Dot To Dot will feature a jazz stage on each leg of the festival, with the first act announced for the stage as South East London collective Steam Down.
Also confirmed to appear at Dot To Dot 2020 this May are Wakefield acoustic soul makers Skinny Living, Portland singer songwriter Alexandra Savior, Chartreuse, Drug Store Romeos, Gracey, Taylor Janzen, Pist Idiots, Aaron Smith and Spacey Jane.
Dot To Dot is a metropolitan festival which takes over some of the best music venues across Manchester, Bristol and Nottingham over May bank holiday weekend. The festival aims to showcase the hottest new music and alumni include The 1975, The xx, Florence + The Machine, Dua Lipa, Mumford And Sons, Foals and loads more.
Last year's event saw record breaking sales, with over 15,000 revellers catching ferocious sets from the likes of Swim Deep, Dream Wife and Crystal Fighters.
Dot To Dot Festival 2020 Line-up
Dot To Dot Festival 2020 will be headlined by Easy Life.
Manchester: 22 May 2020
Bristol: 23 May 2020
Nottingham: 23 May 2020
Taylor Janzen
Pist Idiots
Spacey Jane
Tickets for Dot To Dot Festival 2020 are available now through our friends at Ticketweb.co.uk
Home » Music » First artists for Dot To Dot Festival 2020 announced

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Looking for Movie Title - Power Outage with 2 mans fighting over one of the man's wife.
Lone Ranger ' The Brown Pony' Cleef is putting on blanket. As Cleef swings his you see the inside of it has Swstikas on it.
Searching for title of ... short film/episode?
How do I credit a painting commissioned for my film?


text:
Q: ActiveAdmin how to Decorate associated links In ActiveAdmin, I know I can use decorators, like Draper, to feed display_name and name, but how do I use the decorator for simple association links (i.e. auto_link(resource))?
Given I have a Post & a Comment:
# Post.rb
class Post
  has_many :comments
end

# Comment.rb
class Comment
  belongs_to :post
end

# decorators/post_decorators.rb
class PostDecorator
  def name
    "Custom Post Name ##{object.id}"
  end
end

# admin/post.rb
ActiveAdmin.register Post do
  delegate_with PostDecorator
end

# admin/comments.rb
ActiveAdmin.register Comment do
  index do
    # ...
    column :post
    # ...
  end

  show do
    default_main_content
  end
end

When viewing the Comment ActiveAdmin area, the show's default_main_content and the index's column :post both link automatically to the Post object, but never use the decorator.
I will see: Post #4 instead of Custom Post Name #4 in those sections.
When I visit the Post admin area, it will use the decorated name perfectly fine.
How do I get automatic links to use Draper throughout the entire admin area?
I currently have a def name on the object itself, but that is a display property and want to move it to a Decorator.

A: If you're using Draper, you can use decorates_association to tell one decorator to decorate its associations. This requires that you have a CommentDecorator.
class CommentDecorator < Draper::Decorator
  delegate_all
  decorates_association :post
end

ActiveAdmin.register Comment do
  decorate_with CommentDecorator

  ...
end

A: @nitsujri you can write a draper concern that you can include on all of your decorators that functionally handles all associations for you. Like you I was also tired of having to manage the associations myself - it meant keeping track of associations in another place.
Here is the simple concern that relies on using activerecord reflection to pull all of the names off of the existing object and throwing them to drapers decorates_associations method.
module AutoDecorateAssociations
  extend ActiveSupport::Concern

  included do
    delegate :class, to: :object, prefix: true
    decorates_associations *(object_class.reflect_on_all_associations.map(&:name) - [:versions])
  end
end

and then just include AutoDecorateAssociations on the decorators you don't want to have to keep track of (unfortunately you can't toss it in your application_decorator)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Elegantly designed to give your kitchen a contemporary look and convenient to use. Built-in Deep Fryer gives you the much desired variations in cooking. Made of high quality stainless steel and convenient front control knobs, it is durable, easy to operate and maintain.
Built-in Deep Fryer: The fryer shallow fries and deep fries food efficiently, to the right cooking temperature.
Stainless Steel Material: Made out of pure stainless steel these fryers are robust and corrosion free.
Front control knobs: Easy to use front control knobs to operate hassle-free.
Oil Temperature Control: This function allows you to control the temperature of the oil so that food cooks to the apt temperature.
Heat Indicator: This function indicates the temperature of the food being cooked.
Capacity : 2.7 Ltrs: A mammoth capacity which would enable you to fry food for your family as well as guests all at once.


Heart Mountain sentinel . (Heart Mountain, WY), May. 11 1944. https://0-www.loc.gov.oasys.lib.oxy.edu/item/sn84024756/1944-05-11/ed-1/.
(1944, May 11) Heart Mountain sentinel . Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://0-www.loc.gov.oasys.lib.oxy.edu/item/sn84024756/1944-05-11/ed-1/.
Heart Mountain sentinel . (Heart Mountain, WY) 11 May. 1944. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, www.loc.gov/item/sn84024756/1944-05-11/ed-1/.


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Buy Maglite ML50L 2-Cell C LED Flashlight (Black) featuring 23 / 113 / 490 Lumens, One White LED Emitter 12. Battery: 2–C Batteries / 490 Lumen Max.
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The New Maglite ML50L LED 2C-Cell flashlight is the Light for All Your Needs.. Details. Battery Size. C. Bulb Type. LED. Casing material. Aluminum. Color.
Related Post "2 C Battery Led Flashlight"


text:
Home Entertainment News Hollywood News Starz CEO Jefferey Hirsch announces 'Power' Sequels and Prequels
Starz CEO Jefferey Hirsch Announces 'Power' Sequels And Prequels
Starz CEO Hirsch revealed that at least four spin-off series for the hit show 'Power' are in development and according to him are better than the original.
Written By Shubham Bose | Mumbai | Updated On: January 16, 2020 16:41 IST
The president of the Starz network has recently announced that the sequels and prequels for Powers are on the way and are currently in development. The CEO Jefferey Hirsch announced the news while talking to local media at a Television Critics Association event.
Sequels, prequels and spin-offs on the way
The hit show that is available on Netflix is set to end soon because it has bee confirmed that its current season, that is its sixth season will be its last one. But thanks to the announcement made by Hirsch, fans of the show can rest easy with the knowledge that more of the show is coming in the form of prequels and sequels.
According to information provided by Hirsch, at least four spinoffs are currently in development but the CEO failed to provide any further details about the planned shows. While Hirsch was not forthcoming about the details, he did reveal that he believes that the shows in development are really good and perhaps even better than the originals.
One of the spin-offs is titled Power Book II: Ghost and was confirmed last year only and its also been announced to be in pre-production. The spin-off is set to star RnB royalty Mary J Blige. Power Book II: Ghost will be continuing the journey of some of Power's most controversial characters.
Read: Paul Stirling Creates T20I History By Smashing 67 Runs In Powerplay Against West Indies
Read: Russia Govt Resigns: Why Vladimir Putin May Stay In Power For Years, President Or Not
Power is an American crime drama that has been created and produced by Courtney A. Kemp. The show first debuted on Starz network for the first time on June 7, 2014. The show is now in its sixth season and follows the life of James St. Patrick, a ruthless, intelligent drug-dealer who wishes to pursue legitimate business. Power garnered critical acclaim upon its release for its characterization, pacing, atmosphere, acting, directing, and writing. Power is one of Starz networks most popular show and one of British cable's most-watched shows.
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Pints With (BZN City) Planners at MAP Brewing. No, Really.
Never thought I'd be having a beer with Bozeman City Planners but that's EXACTLY what's happening at MAP Brewing Company on September 19th and you're invited.
Heads up! TONIGHT (Monday Jan 22nd) MAP Brewing is hosting a special pint night from 4pm to 8pm. Proceeds benefit the Gallatin National Forest Avalanche Center. Who says Mondays aren't made for after work beers?
This brunch includes beer, bacon and good times. Tickets are going quickly.
This is part of craft beer week in Bozeman and will be happening at Map Brewing.


text:
Q: Which of the following maps $T: V \rightarrow V$ are linear transformation? Let $V$ be the vector space of polynomials in $X$ with coefficient in $\mathbb{R}$. Which of the following maps $T: V \rightarrow V$ are linear transformation?
1) $T(p(X))=p(X^2)$ for all $p(X) \in V$
2) $T(p(X))=p(X)^2$ for all $p(X) \in V$
3) $T(p(X))=X^2p(X)$ for all $p(X) \in V$
4) $T(p(X))=p(X^2+1)$ for all $p(X) \in V$
My work: I find option 1, 3, 4 are satisfied the condition  for being a linear a transformation, Is that correct?

A: More generally: you can easily prove (try it!) that for any fixed polynomial $g$,
$$C_g(p) = p\circ g$$
and
$$P_g(p) = g\cdot p$$
are linear.

A: yes, except 2 they are all linear transformations.
for 2 just consider the polynomial $p
_1(x) = p
_2(x)= x$
you can easily check that $T( p
_1(x) + p
_2(x)) \neq T( p
_1(x) )+ T(p
_2(x)) $


text:
#include "config.h"
#include "ImageBuffer.h"

#include "BitmapImage.h"
#include "CairoUtilities.h"
#include "Color.h"
#include "GraphicsContext.h"
#include "MIMETypeRegistry.h"
#include "NotImplemented.h"
#include "Pattern.h"
#include "PlatformContextCairo.h"
#include "RefPtrCairo.h"
#include <cairo.h>
#include <runtime/JSCInlines.h>
#include <runtime/TypedArrayInlines.h>
#include <wtf/Vector.h>
#include <wtf/text/Base64.h>
#include <wtf/text/WTFString.h>

#if ENABLE(ACCELERATED_2D_CANVAS)
#include "GLContext.h"
#include "OpenGLShims.h"
#include "TextureMapperGL.h"
#include <cairo-gl.h>
#endif

using namespace std;

namespace WebCore {

ImageBufferData::ImageBufferData(const IntSize& size)
    : m_platformContext(0)
    , m_size(size)
#if ENABLE(ACCELERATED_2D_CANVAS)
    , m_texture(0)
#endif
{
}

#if ENABLE(ACCELERATED_2D_CANVAS)
PassRefPtr<cairo_surface_t> createCairoGLSurface(const FloatSize& size, uint32_t& texture)
{
    GLContext::sharingContext()->makeContextCurrent();

    // We must generate the texture ourselves, because there is no Cairo API for extracting it
    // from a pre-existing surface.
    glGenTextures(1, &texture);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture);
    glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP);
    glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);

    glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1);

    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0 /* level */, GL_RGBA8, size.width(), size.height(), 0 /* border */, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0);

    GLContext* context = GLContext::sharingContext();
    cairo_device_t* device = context->cairoDevice();

    // Thread-awareness is a huge performance hit on non-Intel drivers.
    cairo_gl_device_set_thread_aware(device, FALSE);

    return adoptRef(cairo_gl_surface_create_for_texture(device, CAIRO_CONTENT_COLOR_ALPHA, texture, size.width(), size.height()));
}
#endif

ImageBuffer::ImageBuffer(const FloatSize& size, float /* resolutionScale */, ColorSpace, RenderingMode renderingMode, bool& success)
    : m_data(IntSize(size))
    , m_size(size)
    , m_logicalSize(size)
{
    success = false;  // Make early return mean error.

#if ENABLE(ACCELERATED_2D_CANVAS)
    if (renderingMode == Accelerated)
        m_data.m_surface = createCairoGLSurface(size, m_data.m_texture);
    else
#else
    ASSERT_UNUSED(renderingMode, renderingMode != Accelerated);
#endif
        m_data.m_surface = adoptRef(cairo_image_surface_create(CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32, size.width(), size.height()));

    if (cairo_surface_status(m_data.m_surface.get()) != CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS)
        return;  // create will notice we didn't set m_initialized and fail.

    RefPtr<cairo_t> cr = adoptRef(cairo_create(m_data.m_surface.get()));
    m_data.m_platformContext.setCr(cr.get());
    m_context = adoptPtr(new GraphicsContext(&m_data.m_platformContext));
    success = true;
}

ImageBuffer::~ImageBuffer()
{
}

GraphicsContext* ImageBuffer::context() const
{
    return m_context.get();
}

PassRefPtr<Image> ImageBuffer::copyImage(BackingStoreCopy copyBehavior, ScaleBehavior) const
{
    if (copyBehavior == CopyBackingStore)
        return BitmapImage::create(copyCairoImageSurface(m_data.m_surface.get()));

    // BitmapImage will release the passed in surface on destruction
    return BitmapImage::create(m_data.m_surface);
}

BackingStoreCopy ImageBuffer::fastCopyImageMode()
{
    return DontCopyBackingStore;
}

void ImageBuffer::clip(GraphicsContext* context, const FloatRect& maskRect) const
{
    context->platformContext()->pushImageMask(m_data.m_surface.get(), maskRect);
}

void ImageBuffer::draw(GraphicsContext* destinationContext, ColorSpace styleColorSpace, const FloatRect& destRect, const FloatRect& srcRect,
    CompositeOperator op, BlendMode blendMode, bool useLowQualityScale)
{
    BackingStoreCopy copyMode = destinationContext == context() ? CopyBackingStore : DontCopyBackingStore;
    RefPtr<Image> image = copyImage(copyMode);
    destinationContext->drawImage(image.get(), styleColorSpace, destRect, srcRect, ImagePaintingOptions(op, blendMode, ImageOrientationDescription(), useLowQualityScale));
}

void ImageBuffer::drawPattern(GraphicsContext* context, const FloatRect& srcRect, const AffineTransform& patternTransform,
    const FloatPoint& phase, ColorSpace styleColorSpace, CompositeOperator op, const FloatRect& destRect, BlendMode)
{
    RefPtr<Image> image = copyImage(DontCopyBackingStore);
    image->drawPattern(context, srcRect, patternTransform, phase, styleColorSpace, op, destRect);
}

void ImageBuffer::platformTransformColorSpace(const Vector<int>& lookUpTable)
{
    // FIXME: Enable color space conversions on accelerated canvases.
    if (cairo_surface_get_type(m_data.m_surface.get()) != CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_IMAGE)
        return;

    unsigned char* dataSrc = cairo_image_surface_get_data(m_data.m_surface.get());
    int stride = cairo_image_surface_get_stride(m_data.m_surface.get());
    for (int y = 0; y < m_size.height(); ++y) {
        unsigned* row = reinterpret_cast_ptr<unsigned*>(dataSrc + stride * y);
        for (int x = 0; x < m_size.width(); x++) {
            unsigned* pixel = row + x;
            Color pixelColor = colorFromPremultipliedARGB(*pixel);
            pixelColor = Color(lookUpTable[pixelColor.red()],
                               lookUpTable[pixelColor.green()],
                               lookUpTable[pixelColor.blue()],
                               pixelColor.alpha());
            *pixel = premultipliedARGBFromColor(pixelColor);
        }
    }
    cairo_surface_mark_dirty_rectangle(m_data.m_surface.get(), 0, 0, m_size.width(), m_size.height());
}

PassRefPtr<cairo_surface_t> copySurfaceToImageAndAdjustRect(cairo_surface_t* surface, IntRect& rect)
{
    cairo_surface_type_t surfaceType = cairo_surface_get_type(surface);

    // If we already have an image, we write directly to the underlying data;
    // otherwise we create a temporary surface image
    if (surfaceType == CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_IMAGE)
        return surface;

    rect.setX(0);
    rect.setY(0);
    return adoptRef(cairo_image_surface_create(CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32, rect.width(), rect.height()));
}

template <Multiply multiplied>
PassRefPtr<Uint8ClampedArray> getImageData(const IntRect& rect, const ImageBufferData& data, const IntSize& size)
{
    RefPtr<Uint8ClampedArray> result = Uint8ClampedArray::createUninitialized(rect.width() * rect.height() * 4);

    if (rect.x() < 0 || rect.y() < 0 || (rect.x() + rect.width()) > size.width() || (rect.y() + rect.height()) > size.height())
        result->zeroFill();

    int originx = rect.x();
    int destx = 0;
    if (originx < 0) {
        destx = -originx;
        originx = 0;
    }
    int endx = rect.maxX();
    if (endx > size.width())
        endx = size.width();
    int numColumns = endx - originx;

    int originy = rect.y();
    int desty = 0;
    if (originy < 0) {
        desty = -originy;
        originy = 0;
    }
    int endy = rect.maxY();
    if (endy > size.height())
        endy = size.height();
    int numRows = endy - originy;

    IntRect imageRect(originx, originy, numColumns, numRows);
    RefPtr<cairo_surface_t> imageSurface = copySurfaceToImageAndAdjustRect(data.m_surface.get(), imageRect);
    originx = imageRect.x();
    originy = imageRect.y();
    if (imageSurface != data.m_surface.get()) {
        IntRect area = intersection(rect, IntRect(0, 0, size.width(), size.height()));
        copyRectFromOneSurfaceToAnother(data.m_surface.get(), imageSurface.get(), IntSize(-area.x(), -area.y()), IntRect(IntPoint(), area.size()), IntSize(), CAIRO_OPERATOR_SOURCE);
    }

    unsigned char* dataSrc = cairo_image_surface_get_data(imageSurface.get());
    unsigned char* dataDst = result->data();
    int stride = cairo_image_surface_get_stride(imageSurface.get());
    unsigned destBytesPerRow = 4 * rect.width();

    unsigned char* destRows = dataDst + desty * destBytesPerRow + destx * 4;
    for (int y = 0; y < numRows; ++y) {
        unsigned* row = reinterpret_cast_ptr<unsigned*>(dataSrc + stride * (y + originy));
        for (int x = 0; x < numColumns; x++) {
            int basex = x * 4;
            unsigned* pixel = row + x + originx;

            // Avoid calling Color::colorFromPremultipliedARGB() because one
            // function call per pixel is too expensive.
            unsigned alpha = (*pixel & 0xFF000000) >> 24;
            unsigned red = (*pixel & 0x00FF0000) >> 16;
            unsigned green = (*pixel & 0x0000FF00) >> 8;
            unsigned blue = (*pixel & 0x000000FF);

            if (multiplied == Unmultiplied) {
                if (alpha && alpha != 255) {
                    red = red * 255 / alpha;
                    green = green * 255 / alpha;
                    blue = blue * 255 / alpha;
                }
            }

            destRows[basex]     = red;
            destRows[basex + 1] = green;
            destRows[basex + 2] = blue;
            destRows[basex + 3] = alpha;
        }
        destRows += destBytesPerRow;
    }

    return result.release();
}

PassRefPtr<Uint8ClampedArray> ImageBuffer::getUnmultipliedImageData(const IntRect& rect, CoordinateSystem) const
{
    return getImageData<Unmultiplied>(rect, m_data, m_size);
}

PassRefPtr<Uint8ClampedArray> ImageBuffer::getPremultipliedImageData(const IntRect& rect, CoordinateSystem) const
{
    return getImageData<Premultiplied>(rect, m_data, m_size);
}

void ImageBuffer::putByteArray(Multiply multiplied, Uint8ClampedArray* source, const IntSize& sourceSize, const IntRect& sourceRect, const IntPoint& destPoint, CoordinateSystem)
{

    ASSERT(sourceRect.width() > 0);
    ASSERT(sourceRect.height() > 0);

    int originx = sourceRect.x();
    int destx = destPoint.x() + sourceRect.x();
    ASSERT(destx >= 0);
    ASSERT(destx < m_size.width());
    ASSERT(originx >= 0);
    ASSERT(originx <= sourceRect.maxX());

    int endx = destPoint.x() + sourceRect.maxX();
    ASSERT(endx <= m_size.width());

    int numColumns = endx - destx;

    int originy = sourceRect.y();
    int desty = destPoint.y() + sourceRect.y();
    ASSERT(desty >= 0);
    ASSERT(desty < m_size.height());
    ASSERT(originy >= 0);
    ASSERT(originy <= sourceRect.maxY());

    int endy = destPoint.y() + sourceRect.maxY();
    ASSERT(endy <= m_size.height());
    int numRows = endy - desty;

    IntRect imageRect(destx, desty, numColumns, numRows);
    RefPtr<cairo_surface_t> imageSurface = copySurfaceToImageAndAdjustRect(m_data.m_surface.get(), imageRect);
    destx = imageRect.x();
    desty = imageRect.y();

    unsigned char* pixelData = cairo_image_surface_get_data(imageSurface.get());

    unsigned srcBytesPerRow = 4 * sourceSize.width();
    int stride = cairo_image_surface_get_stride(imageSurface.get());

    unsigned char* srcRows = source->data() + originy * srcBytesPerRow + originx * 4;
    for (int y = 0; y < numRows; ++y) {
        unsigned* row = reinterpret_cast_ptr<unsigned*>(pixelData + stride * (y + desty));
        for (int x = 0; x < numColumns; x++) {
            int basex = x * 4;
            unsigned* pixel = row + x + destx;

            // Avoid calling Color::premultipliedARGBFromColor() because one
            // function call per pixel is too expensive.
            unsigned red = srcRows[basex];
            unsigned green = srcRows[basex + 1];
            unsigned blue = srcRows[basex + 2];
            unsigned alpha = srcRows[basex + 3];

            if (multiplied == Unmultiplied) {
                if (alpha != 255) {
                    red = (red * alpha + 254) / 255;
                    green = (green * alpha + 254) / 255;
                    blue = (blue * alpha + 254) / 255;
                }
            }

            *pixel = (alpha << 24) | red  << 16 | green  << 8 | blue;
        }
        srcRows += srcBytesPerRow;
    }

    cairo_surface_mark_dirty_rectangle(imageSurface.get(), destx, desty, numColumns, numRows);

    if (imageSurface != m_data.m_surface.get())
        copyRectFromOneSurfaceToAnother(imageSurface.get(), m_data.m_surface.get(), IntSize(), IntRect(0, 0, numColumns, numRows), IntSize(destPoint.x() + sourceRect.x(), destPoint.y() + sourceRect.y()), CAIRO_OPERATOR_SOURCE);
}

#if !PLATFORM(GTK)
static cairo_status_t writeFunction(void* output, const unsigned char* data, unsigned int length)
{
    if (!reinterpret_cast<Vector<unsigned char>*>(output)->tryAppend(data, length))
        return CAIRO_STATUS_WRITE_ERROR;
    return CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

static bool encodeImage(cairo_surface_t* image, const String& mimeType, Vector<char>* output)
{
    ASSERT_UNUSED(mimeType, mimeType == "image/png"); // Only PNG output is supported for now.

    return cairo_surface_write_to_png_stream(image, writeFunction, output) == CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

String ImageBuffer::toDataURL(const String& mimeType, const double*, CoordinateSystem) const
{
    ASSERT(MIMETypeRegistry::isSupportedImageMIMETypeForEncoding(mimeType));

    cairo_surface_t* image = cairo_get_target(context()->platformContext()->cr());

    Vector<char> encodedImage;
    if (!image || !encodeImage(image, mimeType, &encodedImage))
        return "data:,";

    Vector<char> base64Data;
    base64Encode(encodedImage, base64Data);

    return "data:" + mimeType + ";base64," + base64Data;
}
#endif

#if ENABLE(ACCELERATED_2D_CANVAS)
void ImageBufferData::paintToTextureMapper(TextureMapper* textureMapper, const FloatRect& targetRect, const TransformationMatrix& matrix, float opacity)
{
    if (textureMapper->accelerationMode() != TextureMapper::OpenGLMode) {
        notImplemented();
        return;
    }

    ASSERT(m_texture);

    // Cairo may change the active context, so we make sure to change it back after flushing.
    GLContext* previousActiveContext = GLContext::getCurrent();
    cairo_surface_flush(m_surface.get());
    previousActiveContext->makeContextCurrent();

    static_cast<TextureMapperGL*>(textureMapper)->drawTexture(m_texture, TextureMapperGL::ShouldBlend, m_size, targetRect, matrix, opacity);
}
#endif

PlatformLayer* ImageBuffer::platformLayer() const
{
#if ENABLE(ACCELERATED_2D_CANVAS)
    if (m_data.m_texture)
        return const_cast<ImageBufferData*>(&m_data);
#endif
    return 0;
}

} // namespace WebCore


Recommendations: As a dietary supplement, take 1-5 capsules daily, or as directed by a health professional. Consume with food. Store in a cool, dry place.
Warning: It is recommended that individuals taking more than 50 mcg (2,000 IU) vitamin D per day have their blood levels monitored. If you are pregnant or lactating, have any health condition or are taking any medication, consult your health professional before use.


A very pregnant Meredith experiences some intense pain and starts bleeding. Zola calls 911, much like Meredith did for her mother as a young girl. Memories of Ellis and Derek flash, then Meredith is brought in for emergency surgery. Watch this scene from Grey's Anatomy Season 11, Episode 22: She's Leaving Home.


text:
function formhash(form, password) {
    // Create a new element input, this will be our hashed password field.
    var p = document.createElement("input");

    // Add the new element to our form.
    form.appendChild(p);
    p.name = "p";
    p.type = "hidden";
    p.value = hex_sha512(password.value);

    // Make sure the plaintext password doesn't get sent.
    password.value = "";

    // Finally submit the form.
    form.submit();
}

function regformhash(form, uid, email, password, conf) {
    // Check each field has a value
    if (uid.value == '' || email.value == '' || password.value == '' || conf.value == '') {
        alert('Você deve preencher todos os campos');
        return false;
    }

    // Check the username
    re = /^\w+$/;
    if(!re.test(form.username.value)) {
        //alert("Username must contain only letters, numbers and underscores. Please try again");
        //form.username.focus();
        //return false;
    }

    // Check that the password is sufficiently long (min 6 chars)
    // The check is duplicated below, but this is included to give more
    // specific guidance to the user
    if (password.value.length < 6) {
        alert('Senha deve ter pelos menos 6 caracteres');
        form.password.focus();
        return false;
    }

    // At least one number, one lowercase and one uppercase letter
    // At least six characters
    var re = /(?=.*\d)(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*[A-Z]).{6,}/;
    if (!re.test(password.value)) {
        alert('Senha tem que possuir pelo menos uma letra Maiuscula e uma minuscula');
        return false;
    }

    // Check password and confirmation are the same
    if (password.value != conf.value) {
        alert('Senha não confere');
        form.password.focus();
        return false;
    }

    // Create a new element input, this will be our hashed password field.
    var p = document.createElement("input");

    // Add the new element to our form.
    form.appendChild(p);
    p.name = "p";
    p.type = "hidden";
    p.value = hex_sha512(password.value);

    // Make sure the plaintext password doesn't get sent.
    password.value = "";
    conf.value = "";

    // Finally submit the form.
    form.submit();
    return true;
}


text:
Q: constexpr optimization error in gcc6.x? I had in my C++11 library a constexpr function that sums the characters in a string. I then tried to update that function to a more natural style in C++14, and ran into a problem:
constexpr long sumchars11(const char s[], int pos = 0){
    return 0 + (s[pos] ? (s[pos] + sumchars11(s, pos+1)) : 0);
}

constexpr long sumchars14(const char s[]){
    int pos = 0;
    long sum = 0;
    while(s[pos]) {
        sum += s[pos++];
    }
    return sum;
}

int main() {
    static_assert(sumchars11("1235") == 203, "!"); // ok
    static_assert(sumchars14("1235") == 203, "!"); // error on gcc 6.x
                                                   // ok on clang
}

If I change the body of sumchars14 from:
sum += s[pos++];

to the seemingly equivalent:
sum += s[pos];
++pos;

The static_assert no longer triggers. What gives? Can I not use post-increment in constexpr functions?

A: As you expected, the function you have is perfectly fine. There are no rules for constexpr in C++14 that would disallow the specific form you chose, but allowing all the various logically equivalent versions you tried and found success with.
This is gcc bug 77553, and was resolved in gcc 6.3.


text:
Роберт Тивьяев (; род. 22 июня 1961 года, Дербент, ДАССР, РСФСР, Советский Союз) — израильский политик, депутат кнессета 18-го созыва от партии «Кадима».

Биография
Роберт Тивьяев родился 22 июня 1961 года в городе Дербент (тогда ДАССР, СССР, а ныне Республика Дагестан, Россия). По специальности — инженер-электрик, окончил Ивановский энергетический институт в 1985 году. Служил офицером в звании капитана в корпусе связи Советской Армии. Репатриировался в Израиль в 1994 году, поселился в городе Офаким.

Являлся членом городского совета города Офаким. Возглавляет организацию «Атхия», которая занимается привлечением евреев стран бывшего Советского Союза.

Перед выборами в кнессет 18-го созыва занял в праймериз Кадимы 20-е место, и попал в кнессет, так как партия получила 28 мандатов. Работал в комиссии по экономике, комиссии по вопросам государственного контроля, комиссии по науке и технологии, а также комиссии по вопросам алии, абсорбции и диаспоры. Кроме того Тивьяев занял пост председателя парламентской подкомиссии по борьбе с дорожными авариями.

В конце 2012 года Роберт Тивьяев присоединился к партии Ципи Ливни «Ха-Тнуа», однако в предвыборном списке партии он получил четырнадцатое место. На выборах в Кнессет 20-го созыва Тивьяев баллотировался на забронированном в партии "Авода" для репатриантов месте. В предвыборном списке "Сионистского лагеря" он оказался на 28 месте. В начале 2018 года Тивьяев покинул партию "Авода". Причиной его выхода из "Аводы" стали политические расхождения с руководством партии, в частности, в вопросах, связанных с отношением к репатриантам. Как заявил Тивьяев, "партии "Авода" надо отказаться от сильного левого крена. МАПАЙ не был левым движением. А сейчас образовался огромный разрыв между избирателями "Аводы", членами "Аводы" и лидерами "Аводы".  С июля 2018 года является депутатом Кнессета: он получил депутатское место "Сионистского лагеря" после ухода из Кнессета Ицхака Герцога. Таким образом Тивьяев стал первым в истории Израиля внепартийным депутатом.

Тивьяев женат, имеет двух дочерей, владеет ивритом, а также русским и английским языками.

Примечания

Депутаты кнессета от фракции «Ха-Тнуа»

Ссылки

 ערוץ הכנסת — כרטיס ביקור ח"כ רוברט טיבייב  Кнессет ТВ — визитная карточка депутата Роберта Тивьяева
Муниципальные депутаты Израиля
Выпускники Ивановского энергетического университета
Депутаты кнессета от партии «Кадима»
Депутаты кнессета XVIII созыва

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Edward Norton is an American actor and filmmaker. He has been nominated for three Academy Awards for his work in the films Primal Fear (1996), American History X (1998) and Bird man (2014).
He also starred in other roles, such as The People vs. Larry Flynt (1996), Fight Club (1999), Red Dragon (2002), 25th Hour (2002), Kingdom of Heaven (2005), The Illusionist (2006), Moon rise Kingdom (2012), The Grand Budapest Hotel (2014) and Sausage Party (2016). He has also directed and co-written films, including his directorial debut, Keeping the Faith (2000). He has done un credited work on the scripts for The Score (2001), Frida (2002) and The Incredible Hulk (2008).
"I've always thought of acting as more of an exercise in empathy, which is not to be confused with sympathy. You're trying to get inside a certain emotional reality or motivational reality and try to figure out what that's about so you can represent it."
"Look, you've got a generation of people coming along who are going to form their own new relationship with the idea of supporting the causes that they care about or changing the world. And these people are not going to do it the way our parents do it."
"I like music, but I need to get outside more."
"People wrestle sometimes making movies, and I think that conflict is a very essential thing. I think a lot of very happy productions have produced a lot of very banal movies."
"I think we really feel like Crowdrise could be something that, 20 years from now, people take for granted because that's just how you do it, like if you're going to raise money for something, that's how you do it."
"I almost forgot what it's like to be proud of my government."
"It's dismaying to see the unilateralism that the government is doing."
"Anybody who is running a marathon or doing a walkathon, doing a fundraiser for their school, their company, by far it's guaranteed the easiest and most fun way to quickly set up a fundraising campaign and send it around to your friends and family."


text:
Um Alternative Chain é um sistema que utiliza o algoritmo do block chain para conseguir consenso distribuído sobre um tópico particular. Os altchains podem compartilhar mineiros com uma rede pai, como o Bitcoin ; isso é chamado de mineração mesclada. Alternatives chains tem sido sugeridas como formas de implementar o DNS, trocas de moedas P2P, autorização de certificação SSL, timestaping armazenamento de arquivos e sistemas de votação.

Objetivo
Bitcoin usa o algoritmo do Blockchain para conseguir consenso distribuído sobre quem possui as moedas. As cadeias de blocos foram inventadas especificamente para o projeto Bitcoin, mas podem ser aplicadas em qualquer lugar onde um consenso distribuído precisa ser estabelecido na presença de atores maliciosos ou não confiáveis.

Embora seja possível abusar da cadeia de blocos financeiros dos Bitcoins para outros fins, é mais viável criar uma rede e uma cadeia alternativas que compartilhem os mesmos mineradores. Há várias razões para fazer isso.

 A cadeia de blocos é uma estrutura de dados grande e complexa compartilhada entre muitas pessoas. Verificando sua integridade requer muitas operações lentas (e assim caras) como ECDSA verificações e procura de disco. Todo mundo que participa no Bitcoin hoje corre um nó e, assim, mantém todo o sistema. Enquanto em futuros usuários finais provavelmente usarão modos mais eficientes, comerciantes e mineiros provavelmente sempre pagarão os custos totais para a manutenção dessa estrutura_de_dados compartilhada. Todas estas pessoas hoje estão unidas por um interesse comum em uma nova forma de pagamentos. Podem ou não estar interessados em outros regimes. Assim, uma razão para manter a cadeia Bitcoin para o financiamento é injusto externalizar os custos de esquemas não relacionados a pessoas que estão interessadas apenas em pagamentos - o exemplo canônico sendo comerciantes. Aumentar o custo de aceitar Bitcoins para bens e serviços prejudica a todos que usam o sistema, reduzindo o número de comerciantes ou aumentando seus custos.

Outra razão é que é apenas má engenharia para empinar todos os possíveis quorum distribuído para as restrições de design do Bitcoin. O formato de transação usado pelo Bitcoin é flexível, mas, em última instância, é projetado para financiamento. O usuário não deve deixar de fora o campo "valor", pois não faria nenhum sentido para sua aplicação particular. Construir aplicativos não financeiros sobre um sistema financeiro resulta em protocolos e códigos difíceis de entender, levando a problemas de manutenção.

Uma última razão é que Satoshi se opôs a colocar dados não-Bitcoin relacionados com a cadeia principal. Como criador do sistema, sua opinião deve levar muito peso com alguém sério sobre estendê-lo.

Conceitos préveios

Satoshi Nakamoto
Satoshi Nakamoto é o fundador do Bitcoin. Em um perfil de função foi falado que seria do japão , porém não se sabe muito sobre sua localização.

Seu envolvimento no projeto Bitcoin tinha diminuído até o final de 2010 , até que terminou por completo. As fontes mais recentes indicam que Satoshi desapareceu para sempre.

Possíveis motivos
Ele deixou algumas pistas sobre porque ele estaria fazendo o projeto com a inclusão do seguinte texto no bloco Genesis ,"The Times 03/jan/2009 chanceler na bera do segundo salvamento para o bancos"

algumas citações interessantes :

"Sim, nós não encontraremos uma solução significativa para o problema politico , mas podemos ganhar uma grande batalha na corrida armamentista e ganhar um novo território de liberdade por vários anos".

"Os governos são bons em cortar as cabeças de umas redes controladas centralmente como Napster, mas redes P2P puras como Gnutella e Tor parecem prender a seus próprios conceitos(governo)."

possível identidade

Sua possível identidade e nacionalidade são desconhecidas.

Ele é totalmente desconhecido fora do bitcoin, tanto quanto qualquer um possa dizer, e sua chave PGP(nunca usado) foi criada apenas alguns meses antes da data do bloco gêneses. Ele parece estar muito familiarizado com a lista de discussão de criptografia, mas não há postagens que não estejam referentes aos bitcoins ao seu nome. Ele usou um endereço de e-mail anonimo para hospedagem da sua conta e enviava os emails quando conectado via Tor. Alguns especularam que toda a sua identidade foi criada antecipadamente para se proteger ou proteger a rede. Talvez ele escolheu o nome Satoshi porque pode significar "sabedoria" ou "razão" e Nakamoto pode significar "fonte Central".

Em ultima análise, o design do Bitcoin e seu uso de prova criptográfica e implementação totalmente aberta é aquele que torna seu criador, em certo sentido , irrelevante e apenas de interesse por razões históricas.

Bloco genesis
Um bloco Gêneses é o primeiro bloco de uma cadeia de bloco(block chain). As versões modernas dos bitcoins lhe atribuem o numero de bloco 0, embora as versões mais velhas o tenham dado o número 1. o bloco geneses é quase sempre codificado no software. é um caso especial em que não faz referencia a um bloco anterior , tanto para o bitcoin quanto para todos os seus derivados , produzindo um subsídio inutilizavel.

É o primeiro bloco do block chain. modernas versões of bitcoins assin

Bitcoin
Bitcoin é uma moeda digital descentralizada criada pelo desenvolvedor Satoshi Nakamoto. Esse sistema de compra não depende de um servidor central para processar transações ou armazenar fundos. Há um máximo de 2.099.999.997.690.000 elementos (chamados satoshis),que atualmente são mais comumente medidos em unidade de 100. 000 . 000 conhecidos como BTC dito de outra forma, não mais de 21 milhões de BTC podem ser criados, fazendo todo o sistema ser efetivamente escasso.

Em abril de 2014 , é a moeda alternativa mais amplamente usada, há também uma capitalização total de mercado acima de 6 bilhões de dólares dos EUA.

Projetando uma nova rede

Para criar uma nova rede que usa cadeias de blocos Nakamoto, é necessário começar definindo o que significa uma transação em sua nova rede. As transações do Bitcoin são divididas e combinam valor usando scripts. Aqui está um exemplo de uma simples "transação" de estilo DNS descrita usando a sintaxe dos buffers de protocolo do Google.
 message NameTx {
  required string name = 1;
  repeated bytes ip_addresses = 2;
  required bytes pubkey = 3;
  enum ClaimType {
    NEW_NAME,
    TRANSFER
  }
  required ClaimType type = 4;

  // Only used if type == TRANSFER. The new owner of the name and signature proving current ownership.
  optional bytes dest_pubkey = 5;
  optional bytes signature = 6;}

Isso é muito diferente de uma transação de estilo Bitcoin. Não há conceito de entradas, saídas, endereços, valores ou scripts. Tem o que você precisa para um esquema de estilo DNS muito simples (que não tem controles de abuso etc) e nada mais. Também não há conceito de uma transação "coinbase".

A definição de bloco também depende do usuário. Ele não precisa ser formatado da mesma forma que Satoshi escolheu, mas Há necessidade da maioria das mesmas partes conceituais. precisa-se armazenar algo mais, alguns dados do Bitcoin. Aqui está um exemplo mínimo do que é necessário:

  message MyBlock {
  required bytes prev_block_hash = 1;
  required uint32 difficulty = 2;
  required uint32 time = 3;
  repeated MyTx transactions = 4;}

  message SuperBlock {
  required MyBlock my_data = 1;
  required BitcoinData bitcoin_data = 2;}

Trabalho compartilhado

É importante observar que  não se tem os seguintes campos do formato Satoshis:
Este é um texto de demonstração a qual o usuário deve substituí-lo pelo seu conteúdo.

O campo de dados bitcoin é como o usuário compartilha o trabalho com os mineiros hoje (supondo que eles optam por instalar o software ao lado de seu nó bitcoin). É definido como este:

 message BitcoinData {
  // A Bitcoin format block header. Because it's in Satoshis custom format we represent this as a byte array.
  required bytes header = 1;
 // The first transaction from the block.
  required bytes coinbase_tx = 2;
  // The merkle branch linking the coinbase transaction to the header.
  required bytes coinbase_merkle_branch = 3;
  // The coinbase scriptSig contains bits of data in order. Which one is our hash?
  required int coinbase_tx_index = 4;}

Tudo o que se precisa para compartilhar o trabalho são as quatro coisas acima.

Uma árvore merkle é uma estrutura_de_dados em que cada nó na árvore é um hash. Os nós de folha são hachuras das coisas que você deseja incluir na árvore. Os nós interiores são hashes das concatenações dos nós filhos. Um ramo merkle é uma parte de uma árvore merkle que permite que você criptograficamente provar que algo que você está dado estava na árvore, sem precisar de tudo o que estava na árvore. Eles são calculados pela função CBlock :: GetMerkleBranch () no código Bitcoin.

É armazenado um ramo de merkle aqui para a eficiência. Isso significa que não importa quão grande o bloco Bitcoin atual é, sua rede alternativa só precisa lidar com uma pequena quantidade de dados. o usuário poderia simplesmente armazenar todo o bloco Bitcoin - que seria mais simples, e mas ineficiente.

A filial merkle liga a transação de coinbase ao cabeçalho do bloco, para que você possa provar que estava nesse bloco. O coinbase TX é um regular Bitcoin coinbase (que faz novas moedas e reivindicações taxas), exceto o scriptSig em sua entrada contém uma entrada extra que hoje scriptSigs não. Essa entrada extra é um hash de sua estrutura de bloco. A base de dados scriptSig hoje é formatada da seguinte forma:

 void IncrementExtraNonce(CBlock* pblock, CBlockIndex* pindexPrev, unsigned int& nExtraNonce, int64& nPrevTime){
    .....
    pblock->vtx[0].vin[0].scriptSig = CScript() << pblock->nBits << CBigNum(nExtraNonce);
    .....
  }

Apenas os bits de dificuldade e o "nonce extra". Mas, na verdade, é permitido conter qualquer coisa, desde que não seja muito grande. Então, em novos blocos seria:
 <MyBlock hash> <nBits> <nExtraNonce>

Para obter o hash MyBlock no Bitcoin requer um comando RPC atualmente não implementado, "setextrahashes". Ele atualizaria uma lista global e a função IncrementExtraNonce incluirá os hashes extras quando o scriptSig for construído. Esta é uma mudança muito simples para o Bitcoin.

No scriptSig acima o coinbase_tx_index seria zero. É possível trabalhar em um número arbitrário de cadeias alternativas simultaneamente:

 <MyBlock hash> <SomeOtherChainBlock hash> <nBits> <nExtraNonce>

Caso em que a mensagem BitcoinData para SomeOtherChain seria 1 em vez de zero.

Nota importante: a cadeia do usuário tem sua própria dificuldade e, como tal, a taxa de criação de blocos é independente da quantidade de mineração que ocorre.

Software de nó independente

A nova rede tem sua própria base de código. Ele pode ser escrito em qualquer idioma que o usuário gostaria.

Quando um nó na rede recebe uma mensagem informando sobre uma nova transação, ele verifica se a transação segue as regras da rede. Para usar este exemplo DNS simples, verificaria se o usuário estaria reivindicando um novo nome, ele ainda não existe e se os usuários estiverem transferindo um nome que as assinaturas a qual estejam corretas.

Se a transação for válida, ela será adicionada à mensagem MyBlock atual do usuário. Essa mensagem é serializada para binário, hashed e, em seguida, seu nó faz um RPC para Bitcoin dizendo-lhe que é o hash extra atual. Quando Bitcoin encontra um bloco de formato Bitcoin da dificuldade direita para a rede, informa seu software e passa o cabeçalho de bloco, transação de coinbase e ramo de merkle a ele. O nó os combina em uma mensagem BitcoinData, que é então colada junto com seu bloco de correntes alternativas. Este "superbloco" é então transmitido através da rede independente de usuários P2P.

Quando um nó na nova rede recebe um superbloco, ele faz o seguinte:

.Verifica se o conteúdo do MyBlock está correto, ou seja, que as transações seguem as regras
.Verifica que o hash MyBlock anterior faz com que ele se encaixe em algum lugar na cadeia e que a dificuldade está correta.
.Hashes a estrutura MyBlock e, em seguida, verifica que este hash aparece no BitBeinData coinbase scriptSig, no local certo.
.Extrai a raiz merkle do bloco de formato Bitcoin a partir do cabeçalho e, em seguida, verifica que a base de moeda tx fornecido, de fato, existem nesse bloco (usando o ramo, raiz, tx e cabeçalho juntos).
.Verifica se o hash do cabeçalho do bloco Bitcoin formato está abaixo da dificuldade encontrada na estrutura MyBlock.

Bitcoin


text:
FA Cup: Dean Smith reunion possibility an incentive for Walsall
Last updated on 10 December 201510 December 2015 .From the section Football
Walsall joint-caretaker boss John Ward and Chesterfield caretaker manager Mark Smith still found time for a laugh, despite being on adjoining benches at the Proact Stadium
Walsall's staff and players say they have been handed a "massive incentive" for the Saddlers to win next week's FA Cup second-round replay, after being paired with Dean Smith's Brentford.
The Saddlers host Chesterfield on Tuesday knowing that victory will pair them with their former boss in round three at Griffin Park on 9 January.
"It's a massive incentive to win now," said joint-caretaker boss Neil Cutler.
"WhatsApp went a bit mad," added Saddlers defender James O'Connor.
"To come up against your old gaffer so quick, it's fate. It's one we're looking forward to and I'm sure the fans will be as well.
"We had a nice run in the League Cup and it would be nice to go as far as we can in this too."
Walsall face league rematch with Fleetwood
Before Walsall meet Chesterfield in Tuesday's FA Cup second-round replay, they have a League One fixture to negotiate at Fleetwood, who they beat 2-0 in the first round just a month ago.
The fun between Walsall and Brentford, who took not only Smith but also his number two Richard O'Kelly, began on Monday night after the Saddlers were handed the possibility of that trip to Brentford - just a week after Smith had opted to make his own journey.
But Cutler warns that Walsall are not there yet and that attempting to see off Mark Smith's Spireites at the second attempt is no formality.
They certainly had a battle against Chesterfield - also under caretaker management - in such tough conditions in Saturday's 1-1 draw, where they were denied by an injury-time equaliser.
"We've still got a big game against Chesterfield to get through and we're under no illusions that will be tough," Cutler said.
"At least the conditions should be totally different and allow us to play our normal game."