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10 Screenwriting Lessons From THE EXORCIST (Part 2)
It's All Saints Day!
But we're still being spooookeee here at B2W Towers in celebration of Halloween weekend. If you didn't catch the first part of David McClellan's great 2-parter on what screenwriters can learn from 1973's The Exorcist, then check it out HERE. Enjoy!
6) The Devil
Well, technically the demon Pazuzu, though it is not stated at all in the film. The Exorcist goes straight to the top of the arch villain heap here and brings you the ultimate supernatural foil battling an aged priest over the body and soul of a twelve-year-old girl.
The possession story has since played out many times with copycats and lesser film stories attempting to give us a "similar but different" spin on the trope and all failing to achieve the heights that The Exorcist ascends. The story also does not explain why these terrible things are happening to this particular family. To explain it would be to dilute the effective power that this film has. We believe it and suspend disbelief because the script and characters are so compelling.
LESSON: Craft your villain/monster with care. Every horror story has a strong villain at the core that is clearly defined (THE DEVIL), has an objective (DEBASE AND DEFILE THIS GIRL TO GET TO MERRIN), and a unique method of attack (PSYCHOLOGICAL TERROR). Know your villain first – and then craft your story around complex characters that have the capacity to sustain a two hour battle of wits with your monster. You don't have to explain your monster – which often diminishes it – however, you DO have to know what it wants and how it goes about getting it. MORE: 8 Mistakes That Will Kill Your Horror Screenplay DEAD
7) The Slow Burn Opening
The entire opening Iraq sequence of The Exorcist plays out like almost like a silent film. Very few words are uttered while the story of these two arch rivals is set up over the course of nine and a half nearly dialogue free minutes! That is correct. Does your story have the ability to sustain a ten-page opening that has almost no dialogue? Can you set up your entire story using purely visual storytelling that gives us everything we need and subtly reveals the ending in a single iconic image? The opening nine and a half minutes of The Exorcist are an exemplary representation of high-level, thought provoking and haunting filmmaking.
LESSON: Film is a complex visual medium. Learn to craft your stories using images and actions that build dramatically instead of relying on dialog and characters telling the story.
8) The Slow Burn, Part 2
Forget the opening – the entire first half of the movie is a slow burn. I can just hear the script readers now – nothing really happens – I'm not really invested in the characters – you mean your first ten pages is about some old dude in Iraq and then we leave that thread until he comes back some 90 odd pages later? PASS.
Modern readers would never get past the first ten pages, it's true. You'd get notes like: "we need to move the action up – to top load this thing and get the audience engaged…" Or: "…what if we drop the whole Father Karras depression bit with his mom and make Merrin younger – say early 30's – like a rogue treasure hunting priest for the Vatican's secret artifact division – and he finds this ancient devil doll – and the Nazi's are after him to use it to destroy the world…?"
But part of the magic of The Exorcist is that it takes you slowly into the haunted house and makes you invest in the character's plight and earn the scares. The big difference here is that Exorcist pays off that investment with groundbreaking storytelling and characters that we are emotionally connected to.
LESSON: The Exorcist defies convention by doing the exact opposite of what people expected. Everyone went in knowing that this was going to scare them senseless – so what do they get for the first hour? A slow walk into the haunted house where they are primed for the scares. This only works if the material is exemplary and the storyteller is a master, building tension with every scene. Strive to be a master storyteller.
9) The Actual Exorcism Lasts Ten Minutes
The actual exorcism – the movie's final act – is a whopping 10 minutes long. There is a reason for this – namely that an exorcism is pretty much just 2 guys shouting prayers at a kid in a bed. How are you going to string that along? Here they use every trick in the book to make this the big grand finale set piece that it is. Nearly every exorcism in every possession movie since steals from this ten-minute set piece – mostly poorly.
LESSON: Bust clichés. If you write it and if feels like you've seen it all before – go back and dig deep to reimagine and add a unique twist to any material that reeks of familiarity. Always push for a unique bent on an overused trope to stand out amongst the many imitators. Easier said than done but this is the creative part of the job. Coming up with new spins on old ideas. It's what you actually get paid for.
10) The Audience Is Wiser
The Exorcist debuted on December 26th, 1973 – the day after Christmas – (Reason ELEVEN – the audacity of releasing this film at Christmastime). The world had never experienced the kind of relentless psychological assault that Exorcist delivered.
Now, some forty odd years later – we are inundated with every manner of horror story cliché at a regular basis on typical prime time television and even in kids movies, cartoons and video games. This makes it extremely difficult to craft a truly effective adult themed horror story The Exorcist was able to deliver to an unsuspecting audience back in '73.
The element of surprise is over. As a result, horror films now are mostly some derivative variety of torture porn gore fests (zombie movies and slasher films) or a prolonged series of Quiet Quiet LOUD bump scares (Paranormal anything). Often horror movies are not actual horror movies at all, but comedies (Scream, Cabin In The Woods) or suspense thrillers marketed as horror.
I'm not saying it's impossible to write a great modern horror film that has the capacity to scare and psychologically affect an audience – most certainly someone will create the next new cultural phenomenon Blair Witch or Paranormal Activity franchise – whatever that is. However, it's extremely difficult to create a new and original horror story that has the ability to transcend and elevate the genre without resorting to cliché. In my opinion The Exorcist did it first, did it best, and still holds up as the greatest horror film of all time. Good luck! We all need it.
LESSON: Always strive for better in your writing by knowing what has worked in the past and then attempting to twist that convention and best it. Your unique concept and monster is what people pay for – however it's your characters, their actions and your unique voice as a writer that they stay for.
BIO: David McClellan is a screenwriter/filmmaker and editor. Check out his blog, Storybeats.net where he posts all of his favorite film plot breakdowns, HERE.
previous10 Screenwriting Lessons from THE EXORCIST (Part 1)
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In reaction to recent developments in the energy drink industry, F.I.T.T. Highway Products has asserted that its product line is fundamentally different from those being scrutinized by the City of San Francisco, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
"If you read Herrera's letter to Monster Energy it addresses among other issues the levels of caffeine in the product. We have created a product that avoids what we felt were potentially dangerous and unhealthy levels of caffeine while uniquely adding the proven health benefits of Resveratrol. F.I.T.T.'s use of vasodilators to increase blood flow also helps mitigate other health concerns that we presume are at the heart of San Francisco's inquiry."
In July, three energy drink companies received subpoenas from the New York's attorney general. Subpoenas were sent to Monster, PepsiCo and Living Essentials LLC. PepsiCo manufactures AMP energy drink and Living Essentials manufactures 5 Hour Energy Attorney General in New York.


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Q. I left my credit card at the venue. What should I do?
A. Please e-mail info@lprnyc.com with your full name, the type of card, and when you believe you left it. We will confirm whether we have your card, and will provide you with further information on when you can come pick it up.
A. Yes we do. If you believe you lost something at LPR, please e-mail info@lprnyc.com with full information of the item including color, brand, description, and when you left it at the venue. We will confirm whether it has been turned in. LPR is not responsible for lost or stolen property. Please keep your possessions with you at all times.
Q. Are there reserved seats?
A. No, we do not reserve seats. If you purchased a seated ticket for one of our seated shows, you are guaranteed a seat, but location is first-come, first-served. Please arrive at or close to door time for the best selection of seats.
A. At the box office we accept cash, Visa, and Mastercard. At the bar we accept cash and all major credit cards.
Q. What is your photo policy?
A. Our box office is open during most events beginning at 5pm. We are closed on National holidays.
Q. Where can I find information on door time, show time, and age restrictions?
A. All of this information can be found on the show's event page. You can find this by either searching for your show on our site or browsing the calendar.
Q. What do your age restrictions mean?
A. All ages shows can be attended by patrons of any age, regardless of guardian supervision. For 18+ shows, those under 18 can be admitted only if accompanied by a legal guardian. (ID required.) 21+ shows require a valid photo ID and no one under the age of 21 will be admitted without exception.
A. LPR is easily accessible via New York City public transit by taking the A, C, E, B, D, F, or M to West 4th Street, the N or R to Prince Street, or the 6 to Bleecker Street. For further details or driving directions, please refer to this map.
Q. What is your table seating policy?
A. To have access to our table seating at seated shows you must purchase a seated ticket. This guarantees you a seat, but location is first-come, first-served. Please note that all table seating is subject to minimum purchase of two items per person.
A. No refunds or exchanges will be issued for tickets to any LPR events. All sales are final. No refunds will be processed for unused tickets or for patrons who are denied entry due to not having valid identification for will call pickup or admittance to an age restricted event. Events are subject to change in date, time, or scheduled act at anytime. In the case of an event cancellation, refunds will be provided via the method of payment originally used.
A. We serve food at all seated events and most early standing events. You can find what we offer over at our menu page.
Q. Do you do pre-sales for shows?
A. We do member pre-sales for select shows. You can find more information on membership here.
A. Smoking and vaping inside the venue is strictly prohibited, and we reserve the right to hold or confiscate vaporizers and electronic cigarettes at the door.
Q. Does LPR offer packages for corporate party rentals?
A. Yes, we do. Email events@lprnyc.com and our team will help you plan your next event.
Q. How can I intern at LPR?
A. Please send a cover letter and resume to info@lprnyc.com.
A. We post calls for open positions at the blog, on Twitter, and Facebook.
Q. Where can I watch shows streaming online?
A. You find our upcoming streaming calendar and watch shows over on our Livestream page or our streaming page.
Q. You have an art gallery?
A. Yes, our The Gallery at LPR serves as both an event space and an art gallery. You can find out more about the current and past exhibitions over here. All art is viewable at any of our Gallery at LPR events. If you are interested in purchasing a piece, please contact art@lprnyc.com.
A. Yes. They are available at the bar.
Q. Is LPR wheelchair accessible?
A. Yes. We have an elevator down to the main room. If you have other specific needs or questions about elevator access, please feel free to e-mail us in advance at info@lprnyc.com. Otherwise, just let our door staff know that you'll need elevator access and someone will be glad to help out.
Q. I'm interested in performing at LPR, how do I submit my information?
Q. I heard LPR is awesome. Is it true?
If you have any other questions feel free to e-mail us at info@lprnyc.com or ask us any time on Twitter at @lprnyc.


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China's Largest Robbins Crossover TBM launches on Intercity Railway
Machine will encounter Rivers, Weathered Ground and More in Guangzhou Bore
Stephan von der Heyde appointed to the Management Board of Ed. Züblin AG
New Züblin board member for Germany, Benelux and Scandinavia
Stephan von der Heyde to succeed Ulrich Weinmann
Epiroc to acquire the Mining Electrification Solutions Provider Meglab
Epiroc, a leading productivity and sustainability partner for the mining and infrastructure industries, has agreed to acquire Meglab, a Canadian company with expertise in providing electrification infrastructure solutions to mines. The solutions support mining customers in their transition to battery-electric vehicles.
Anglo American Collaboration on Feasibility Study for South Africa's Hydrogen Valley
Anglo American announces a collaboration agreement to complete a feasibility study to develop a "hydrogen valley" anchored in the platinum group metals-rich Bushveld geological area in South Africa. Spearheaded by South Africa's Department of Science and Innovation (DSI), the collaboration agreement also includes energy and services company ENGIE, the South African National Development Institute (SANEDI) and clean energy solutions provider Bambili Energy (Bambili).
LKAB's Exploration Results confirm Potential for Production of phosphorus Mineral Fertiliser and Rare Earth Elements
After having dramatically ramped up exploration activities, LKAB can now present the positive result: significant phosphorus mineral resources. "With a circular business model, we have the potential to supply European farmers with fossil-free and cadmium-free phosphorus mineral fertiliser, and the cleantech industry with rare earth elements" says Leif Boström, Senior Vice President Business Area Special Products, LKAB.
Extraordinary General Meeting of BAUER AG approves Capital Increase
The Extraordinary General Meeting of BAUER Aktiengesellschaft today voted with the required majority to approve the agenda items up for resolution, thereby supporting the proposals by the management.
Skanska promotes Joe Lindemann to Vice President of Operations in North Texas
Skanska USA has announced that Joe Lindemann, an industry veteran with 38 years of experience in commercial construction, has been promoted to vice president of operations in North Texas.
Queensland Resources Sector powers on
A quarterly report into the performance of Queensland's resources sector due for release mid-April will show Queenslanders can continue to rely on resources to help the state recover from Covid-19.
Asite achieves BSI Kitemark for BIM Software
In a landmark achievement for the pioneering software company, the Asite CDE is one of the world's first to achieve certification to the new BSI Kitemark for BIM software
Asite has announced that the Asite Common Data Environment (CDE) is one of the first organizations globally to achieve the BSI Kitemark for BIM software by BSI (British Standard Institution), the business improvement company.
Asite has positioned itself as a key player in the industry and the benchmark in best practice, notably providing extensive experience consulting on the implementation of construction projects supporting compliance with the ISO 19650 suite of standards and boasting an industry-leading fully-compliant CDE.
Rob Clifton, Asite Chief of Staff said: "We are delighted with this achievement and the work that our team has put into building such a resilient and innovative platform. We have always been proud of the services and products that we provide to clients, so to have this independently verified and certified by BSI as being best practice in the industry is a great achievement.
Developing our software to enable compliant delivery of BIM processes against the ISO 19650 framework is just one milestone; Asite will continue to lead the way in engineering and construction technology and help the world build better."
Andy Butterfield, Managing Director of Built Environment at BSI said: "As the demand for digital transformation in architecture, construction and asset management continues to grow, and the number of potential software support tools escalates, it is becoming increasingly difficult for organizations to identify appropriate software to support their needs.
Asite has become one of the first organizations globally to achieve this mark of trust and I would like to congratulate them all for their commitment to encouraging a collaborative approach across the life cycle of a built asset."
The Asite CDE was subject to a comprehensive assessment and audit of its functionality, development, security, resilience, support, and customer satisfaction.
The certification gives assurance that the user-functionality of the Asite CDE enables information management in accordance with the relevant process requirements of the ISO 19650 framework.
The Asite Digital Engineering team is also one of only a few organizations worldwide with a British Standards Institution's Associate Consultant Programme (BSI ACP) certificate of membership. It consults on the BS EN ISO 19650 standards and supports clients in their journey to achieve BSI BIM Kitemarks.
About Asite
Asite's vision is to connect people and help the world build better.
Asite's open construction platform enables organizations working on capital projects to come together, plan, design, and build with seamless information sharing across the entire supply chain.
Asite's comprehensive range of solutions connects dispersed teams across the lifecycle of capital assets, enabling them to build better and build resilience. With Asite, capital project owners stay at the forefront of innovation, maintaining a golden thread of information throughout a project to facilitate the creation of digital twins.
Asite is headquartered in London's Tech City with regional offices in New York, Houston, Dubai, Riyadh, Sydney, Hong Kong, and Ahmedabad.
Asite, achieves, BSI, Kitemark, BIM, Software, digitalisation, Construction
Metso Outotec delivers Technology to Copper Electro Refinery in China
Metso Outotec has won an order from a Chinese copper producer to deliver tankhouse material handling equipment for the expansion of a copper electro refinery in China. The order value, which has been booked in Metals Q1/2021 orders received, is not disclosed.
The Emscher Restoration Project: a real Success Story for Germany's most populous State
For nearly a hundred years the Emscher served as an open wastewater channel that helped to kick-start the development of the Ruhr basin as a centre of industry in North Rhine-Westphalia. The river h...
#Tunnelling #Supply tunnels #special civil engineering #hydraulic engineering
RAG-Technikchronik - Buch 6: Management- und Bildungssysteme für technische Prozesse
02. April 2019 (2677 Clicks)
Das Buch 6 der Reihe "Dokumentation der technischen Entwicklung bei der RAG" stellt die Entwicklung der Management- und Bildungssysteme für technische Prozesse, also z.B. zur Effizienzsteigerung, zum Arbeits-, Gesundheits- und Umweltschutz sowie zur Ausbildung und beruflichen Fortbildung, bei der RAG dar.
#RAG Aktiengesellschaft #Mining #underground mining #abandoned mining


New web-based system – SitePlanner – has undergone significant development to provide its clients with the tools to ensure they remain compliant with recent Data Protection regulations (GDPR).
SitePlanner provides businesses with a compliant and auditable personnel and contractor management system for the efficient completion of inductions, management of personnel certification and access levels, Risk Assessments/Method Statements (RAMS) and Permit to Work – all within one centralised system.
"Due to the nature of the data stored within SitePlanner, it is absolutely imperative that we continue to implement features that ensure the highest levels of security." Roy Dempster, SitePlanner Technical Manager said.
"In a data-driven business such as ours, GDPR places further responsibility on us as a data processor. Following extensive analysis of our policies, procedures and solutions, we have implemented a number of tools to ensure full compliance with the new standards and give our clients confidence in the security of their data held within the SitePlanner system".
Changes in the way log and audit data are stored, in order to protect a data subject's right to be forgotten.
The anonymisation process will remove Personally Identifiable Information (PII) from client data on request, thereby allowing clients to analyse historic data without infringing the data subject's rights.
Compliance measures will allow clients to be provided with vital support for handling data subject access requests.
SeaRoc Group, providers of the SitePlanner system, consider client data protection to be of critical importance and are setting the highest standards of data protection that represents a fundamental best–practice for all of clients and users of its SitePlanner software.


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Councillor Steve Griffiths, Moorooka Ward
Jump to Main Navigation Menu
Our Community Events
Australia Day 2020 Pool Party - Sunday 26 January
Yoga for fitness - Fridays beginning 7 February
Local Bushcare Groups
Local Bushcare Groups help to play an important role in protecting and improving the natural environment through out Brisbane.
I recently attended the newly formed Lawson and Kendall Street Bushcare Group in Oxley and the Rocky Waterholes Bushcare Group in Salisbury.
Both groups are keen for energetic volunteers to assist them in rejuvenating the local fauna and flora.
If you are keen to become involved please contact my office for group contact details or visit Habitat Brisbane for further information.
St Vincent de Paul Society - donations welcome!
The St Vincent De Paul Society in conjunction with the St Brendan's Catholic Parish are eager to accept non perishable goods, toiletries and gift cards for distribution to those in need in the Moorooka Ward area.
Many families are doing it tough and donations are welcome at any time but especially at this time of year.
My office is a drop off point and we'll be accepting donations until Monday 19 December.
If you are able to help, please leave your donation at the Moorooka Ward Office, Shop 2, 122 Beaudesert Rd, Moorooka.
Portable Speed Warning Signs
Brisbane City Council's Portable Speed Warning Signs Project is aimed at making Brisbane's streets safer. This initiative aims to promote safety through driver awareness and minimise speeding on neighbourhood roads. This will be achieved through the use of portable speed warning signs at various locations throughout the Moorooka Ward.
The signs measure an oncoming vehicle's speed and display it to the driver, highlighting their adherence to the speed limit. As a motorist approaches the sign, their speed is detected by a radar and one of the following messages are displayed:
* if the motorist is driving at or below the posted speed limit, a smiley face message is displayed,
* if the motorist is driving above the posted speed limit by up to 9km/hr, the vehicles speed is displayed below a 'SLOW DOWN' message.
The project has had positive results with passing motorists reducing their speed typically by 10km/h.
We currently have a sign located in Oxley Road, Oxley.
Brisbane City Council Community Grants
Brisbane City Council's grants programs provide funding to help local not-for-profit organisations to develop and improve facilities and services in Brisbane.
Housing Support Program
The Housing Support Program provides funding to community organisations for projects or services that respond to the housing and social needs of homeless people, or those living in social housing, within the inner north of Brisbane. Funding amounts range from $2000 to $10,000.
Applications close Monday 13 February 2017.
Men's Shed Grants Program
The Men's Shed Grants Program supports men's shed groups in Brisbane. This program supports men's sheds by providing funding for establishment and coordination expenses, facility improvements and equipment and material purchases. Funding ranges from $2000 to $20,000.
Community Development and Capacity Building Grants
The Community Development and Capacity Building Grants encourage projects that respond to local and city-wide community issues with objectives including, but not limited to, increasing community identity and connections, increasing social inclusion and building the community sector to respond to community issues and needs. Funding amounts range from $2000 to $10,000.
Healthy and Physical Activity Grants
Brisbane City Council's Healthy and Physical Activity Grants provide funding to local non-profit community groups for projects to increase participation in community sport, recreation and physical activity in Brisbane. Funding amounts range from $5000 to $20,000.
Applications close 27 February 2017.
School Sport and Recreation Facility Upgrade Program
Council's School Sport and Recreation Facility Upgrade Program is funded by Council and the Department of Education and Training. It provides financial assistance to Brisbane states schools to fund the upgrade of existing school sport and recreation facilities to increase community and school use. Funding amounts range from $5000 to $30,000.
Applications close Monday 20 March 2017.
For further information on any of these grants, visit Council's website or phone 07 3403 8888 and ask to speak to the Grants Unit.
Preparing for severe weather
Is your home ready for the storm season?
Help protect your family by taking four simple steps:
Elizabeth Street Shopping Centre Acacia Ridge - new community space
I recently attended the launch of the new community space created by the Bendigo Bank - Acacia Ridge Community Bank Branch and the Brisbane City Council at the the Elizabeth Street shopping centre.
Koalas - Wildlife Awareness
Council will be installing 'Wildlife Awareness" signage at all official entry nodes into Toohey Forest/Mayne Estate and Wilcox Park.
The signage is to inform park users of the presence of koalas in the reserve and importance of keeping their dogs on leads.
Manmeet Sharma Trust
I recently met with Amit Sharma, and other members of the Punjab community.
We discussed ways to remember his brother, Manmeet Sharma.
A fund has been established to support the family of Manmeet.
To make a donation visit http://bit.ly/2e7Khda
Moorooka Bus Tragedy
Free green waste tipping weekend
Get ready for storm season.
Council's resource recovery centres will be accepting green waste for free this weekend, Saturday 22 and Sunday 23 October 2016.
Sign up for Steve's Newsletters
Website by Internet Thinking
© 2016 Copyright and Authorised by Steve Griffiths
Shop 2, 122 Beaudesert Road, Moorooka Qld 4105


Tomorrow I'll cut a new sub deck glass in the lead shot and think about how to mount the mast as the fwd. bulkhead has been installed smack on the mast centre .
Please don't keep us in suspense!
Then again, a few mm to the rear (i.e. held in place against the bulkhead) isn't going to make a noticeable difference. Do, however, bond that bulkhead in properly and Bristol-(pilot cutter)-Fashion.


text:
De gemeente Iwanowice is een landgemeente in het Poolse woiwodschap Klein-Polen, in powiat Krakowski.

De zetel van de gemeente is in Iwanowice (tot 30 december 1999 Iwanowice Włościańskie genoemd).

Op 30 juni 2004 telde de gemeente 8 220 inwoners.

Oppervlakte gegevens
In 2002 bedroeg de totale oppervlakte van gemeente Iwanowice 70,62 km², waarvan:

 agrarisch gebied: 90%
 bossen: 4%

De gemeente beslaat 5,74% van de totale oppervlakte van de powiat.

Demografie
Stand op 30 juni 2004:

In 2002 bedroeg het gemiddelde inkomen per inwoner 1 275,27 zł.

Administratieve plaatsen (sołectwo)
Biskupice, Celiny, Damice, Domiarki, Grzegorzowice Małe, Grzegorzowice Wielkie, Iwanowice Dworskie, Iwanowice Włościańskie, Stary Krasieniec, Krasieniec Zakupny, Lesieniec, Maszków, Narama, Poskwitów Nowy, Poskwitów Stary, Przestańsko, Sieciechowice, Sułkowice, Widoma, Władysław, Zagaje, Zalesie, Żerkowice.

Aangrenzende gemeenten
Gołcza, Kocmyrzów-Luborzyca, Michałowice, Skała, Słomniki, Zielonki

Gemeente in Klein-Polen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Editor's note: This is part two of a three-part series on distribution. In "Getting the Goods" (part I, July 1995), nail technicians talked about what they look for in a distributor. In this part, manufacturers tell what they look for in a distributor and how they think nail product distribution needs to change to support the growing industry. Part 3 details distributors' own concerns.
Distribution of professional nail products has changed dramatically over the years, first ask Tony Cuccio, who got his start in the nail industry hawking nail polish and lipstick on Venice Beach. Or Tammy Taylor, who struggled to develop her own technique for doing nails, then turned it (and her line of products) into a multi-million dollar business.
Or ask George Schaeffer and Susan Weiss-Fischmann, who gave up then dental supply business in 1981 to supply the growing nail industry with OPI Products or Jack and Gary Sperling of Alpha 9 who went from distributing beauty supplies to manufacturing nail products. They and other manufacturers know well how distribution of nail products has changed because it wasn't that long ago that they were knocking on salon's doors themselves to sell then products.
Today few manufacturers depend on door-to-door sales to sell their products. The distribution network used by most large manufacturers is complex far-reaching and still changing. Even though the nail industry currently represents $5.2 billion in service sales building distribution networks hasn't been easy for nail product manufacturers, and some are still struggling to get distribution in certain areas.
Most beauty distributors built distributor for OPI Products best their businesses by supplying hair products and only recently have realized the potential in nail care products, say many nail product manufacturers. The forward-looking distributors who recognized the potential of nail care and supplied nail product lines early have watched their nail product sales soar. Others, say manufacturers, remain stubbornly focused on the big hair product lines for which they have a steady customer base. Still, nail product manufacturers are pragmatic, saying there is nothing wrong with distribution that time won't fix. Distributors are businesspeople, they say, and will ultimately respond to nail technicians' demands for product, education, and merchandising support — or they will lose them as customers.
Nail product manufacturers, as you can guess, are lull of suggestions on how distributors can better respond to technicians' needs. The ideal solution, they say, is for distributors to create nails-only divisions.
Kim Hovie, director of sales and education for European Touch Co. (Butler, Wis.), sums up the feeling: "We are seeing more and more distributors hiring nail department managers. And our sales are increasing from those distributors." Still, says Hovie, the change needs to happen faster.
The manufacturers NAILS interviewed mentioned several other areas in which distributors could improve, including providing better retail merchandising support (which will have a positive effect on the distributors' sales, as well) and carrying fewer manufacturers' products. Instead of carrying a few products from 10 lines, for example, nail product manufacturers suggest distributors limit their selection to the full line of two or three manufacturers.
Finally, like nail technicians, nail product manufacturers want to be given their due. Says Susan Weiss-Fischmann, executive vice president or OPI Products (N. Hollywood, Calif.), "Distributors are under so much pressure to keep their hair lines that they ignore nails. They need to get all of their eggs out of one basket so that they are not as vulnerable. Nails are steady and growth-oriented, so it's definitely time to take us seriously."
There are many distributors who do great business with nails. "Some are so wonderful," says Michael Bannett, president of Cosmic (Sunrise, Fla.) "They would do anything to promote, market, and educate."
What qualities define a good distributor? First, manufacturers look for distributors who "service" instead of "sell." "If you think about it, we provide the product; their business is to provide service," says Bannett. How do manufacturers define service?
Hovie says European Touch looks for distributors who promote education. "We look for someone who will offer education and service, which is what our industry is all about."
Weiss-Fischmann's checklist of what constitutes a good distributor for OPI Products best defines what manufacturers mean when they speak of service: "We look for distributors who provide education, have salespeople who visit salons, hold regular sales meetings, do promotions, and have some type of publication for salons. They have to promote the lines they carry. You want distributors who are computerized so they can track promotions and inventory. They have to turn inventory often, without miming out of stock. And they must be able to service the customers — customer service is the ultimate. They have to respond to the needs of the salons by delivering orders on time, in good shape, and take back inventory if necessary If there's a problem, help with it; if there are exchanges, make them immediately. And they must inform nail technicians of seminars, classes, and symposiums."
Why such an emphasis on education? Because each product has peculiarities that can't be learned from printed instructions; for example, the basic technique for acrylic systems is the same, but I you use that same basic technique for all systems, you'll get different results with each one. Nail product manufacturers know that to gain market share, they have to educate technicians on the product. The most logical source of education is the distributor.
Education ranks high with manufacturers, but service ranks even higher. The reason goes back to what Bannett said: You can get product anywhere. Service includes carrying a manufacturer's full line of products, having those products in stock all the time, hiring knowledgeable salespeople, demonstrating how products work, showing salons how to merchandise retail products, and more. Distributors who do not meet these "basics" are order-takers, not salespeople, says Bannett.
Like nail technicians, manufacturers, too, are concerned about selection of products. But while nail technicians complain that the) can't get all the different products they use from one source, manufacturers say that sonic distributors try to carry too many lines.
"Too many distributors want to have A through Z; they end up being a jack-of-all-trades and master of none. A lot of distributors carry everything, but because they do, we've found that some salespeople who've been with a distributor of our product for three years didn't even know they had the line," says Bill Martens, executive vice president of Seche, Inc. (Laguna Beach, Calif).
Adds Tom Clifford, chief of operations for Alpha 9 (Van Nuys, Calif.): "Being in the nail business requires a significant investment, so I can understand the distributor who can't support an entire line. But I think distributors who earn a multitude of lines make a dedication to one line then manage the other lines by numbers. It's frustrating to the manufacturer when a distributor wants you to do education but carries only your powder liquid, and primer and not the other support products required by the technique."
Additionally, distributors who carry a multitude of lines may be less familiar with each line. Says Essie Weingarten of Essie Cosmetics (Elmhurst, N.Y.), "Distributors who have a hundred lines of polish don't care about each line. Once they go over five lines, it's a mess. Their salespeople can't keep track." Weingarten chooses to have only 20 distributors nationwide, she says. Potential distributors must commit to stocking all 160 Essie polish colors — with enough stock for each color so they don't run out. It's tough to police distributors, she says, but her customers do a fine job. "If a distributor is out, the salon will call us right away to find out what's wrong," explains Weingarten.
For other manufacturers, especially those with large distribution networks, monitoring what the distributor does and does not carry in a line is difficult. "We make distributors take the full line," says Hovie, "but then they'll only reorder a partial line. We don't know until a technician calls to tell us her distributor doesn't carry a certain product."
Adds Kurt Kittleson, president of Pro Finish (Scottsdale, Ariz.), "To have an incom plete product line is a disservice to the nail technician. Carrying a complete product line shows a commitment to the nail technician."
To nail technicians who say they buy from three or four distributors, Tony Cuccio president of Star Nail Products, Valencia, Calif.), offers this advice: "Look to stand behind one professional-only line and one distributor that stands behind that line. It's better to have one good relationship than four flighty ones."
Open-To-The-Public Beauty Suppliers — A Necessary Evil?
Open-to-the-public beauty suppliers are the bane of the industry, according to many nail technicians In the NAILS 1995 Reader Survey, 44 7% of technicians reported that they look specifically for beauty product sup pliers who do not sell to the public Professional nail product manufacturers understand nail technicians' frustration, and some agree that beauty supply stores that sell to the public are taking profits from nail technicians' pockets But other manufacturers (especially those whose products can be found in open-to-the-public beauty supplies) say these stores are a legitimate, sometimes vital, source for products.
Says Susan Weiss-Fischmann, "We distribute through professional beauty distributors, but we do sell to some OTC stores in some areas like Southern California, OTCs are a major part of the distribution network"
Adds Kim Hovie, "Our commitment is to make our products available to all professional nail technicians. We employ different means of distribution, choosing the way that makes products the most available to nail techs. In some parts of the country that's professional full-service distributors. In other parts of the country it's professional-only stores, and in other areas it's a mixture of mail order and OTC."
Other manufacturers take a harsher stand. Says Michael Bannett, "This is a professional industry. You have to go to school, take a test, and be licensed, then you go buy products at the drugstore. That doesn't make sense. As a professional, why aren't you patronizing professional distributors?"
A good point, but open-to-the-public beauty supplies have a proven place in the industry.In fact, 27% of NAILS 1995 Reader Survey respondents say open-to-the-public beauty supplies are one of their primary sources of products. And in some areas, open-to-the-public beauty supplies are the only place technicians can go to see, touch, and sample products.
Nor are open-to-the-public beauty supplies necessarily competing for your clients, says Tony Cuccio. "OTC places are for women who want to do their nails, just like women who buy perm kits Women who perm their own hair haven't hurt the hair industry," explains Cuccio. "Nail technicians have to realize that open-to-the-public beauty supply stores are always going to be a sore point. But it's a separate customer base and it won't affect them. Nail technicians just have to remember that products they retail should be available through professional-only distributors so that they remain the exclusive source of products for their clients."
Tammy Taylor, on the other hand, says it doesn't matter if the supplier carries the same retail products as the salon. It's the availability of artificial application products to clients that upsets technicians. "But things like polish, lotion, and cuticle oil can be purchased at K mart or the drugstore, so you're better off having them purchase these items from a reputable person in the industry because then it promotes people being interested in professional nail care," she adds.
No matter who you side with, open-to-the-public beauty supplies are here to stay. The best advice on how to deal with them came from Kym Lee, who says, "If it really upsets you, use a line that is strictly professional-only."
Manufacturers insist that distributors must commit to the nail industry as a whole first before they can make any decision about particular products. In fact, says Cuccio, "1f you quote me on this: Full-service " distributors need to lake the nail business more seriously. They need to build separate departments and treat them as separate businesses."
Distributor salespeople who do not specialize in nail products, says Weiss-Fischmann, don't have the product knowledge or technical skills needed to sell those products.
Martens agrees: "A distributor in the Midwest took on our line three years ago and did horribly with it. Two years later, they wanted the line back, saying they now had a nail division. Now they have performed phenomenally well with it. The distributorship is in Paducah, Ky., which is not a metropolitan area but it's now one of our top 20 distributors."
Martens recommends that distributors hire a nail division manager who is nail technician with good sales skills and have sales people who are dedicated exclusively to nail product sales.
Why is education so important? "Any time you, the distributor representative, go into a salon you should go with education on the products you're selling," says Tammy Taylor of Tammy Taylor Nail Products (Irvine, Calif). "If you don't know your products, the nail technician won't have faith in you. If you do a demonstration, she'll think, 'This person knows what she's doing.' If you answer questions and build credibility, they'll buy from you."
Education should not be limited to product knowledge only, either. The nail industry has tremendous growth potential in retailing. II you don't believe it, look at the volume of business drugstores, grocery stores, and open-to-the-public beauty supplies are doing. Distributors have an incredible opportunity to help salons earn higher profits through retailing by showing them how to display and sell retail products. Part of that education comes from how the distributor displays and sells products. "Distributors could do a better job in their store presentation," says Kittleson. "They need to design their stores like retail outlets."
Manufacturers say they are willing to work with distributors to help them build their business. "The manufactured' has a huge responsibility to help distributors increase their client base by giving them product knowledge, offering classes, and helping them to obtain their own educators." says Kym Lee, founder and CEO of Galaxy Nail Products (Corona, Calif.).
Manufacturers take that responsibility seriously. Creative Nail Design Systems, for example, has created a niche marketing program called Nail Advantage that it offers in partnership with its distributors. "Tools we specifically provide [through Nail Advantage] include convenience and availability of products and information through professional distributor stores, nails-only shows, competitions, nail catalogs, tele-servicing, telemarketing, information hotlines, comprehensive education, school programs, direct mail, and product samples," says Jan Arnold, president.
Most manufacturers have company-trained educators throughout the country who will teach distributor classes, do in store demos, and work at distributor shows. Many manufacturers also offer other support materials. For example, says Hovie, "We have an advertising support program for their publications, we have a school service program, we offer window boards, fliers, and do listings in their papers."
Nail services continue to be the top growth area in the beauty industry, and many distributors have already redirected their energies to serving nail technicians' needs. As the category continues to grow, product availability and distributor service and education will continue to improve. As Taylor says, "I think the industry is 100 times better than it was 10 years ago.
I think the education has gotten better and the quality of the businesspeople has gotten better. I don't see too many negatives because if we continue to be education and service-oriented, we'll be up-to-speed soon.
If anything, manufacturers are sympathetic to distributors' growing pains. "We started out hitting the salons," reminds Taylor, "so we know what it's like to be in a distributor's situation."
Exclusive Distribution: Does Everyone Benefit?
Some manufacturers offer an exclusive on their products to distributors, meaning only one distributor in a territory carries that line of products. "Exclusive distribution came from the hair care side of the industry," says Kim Hovie. "It was a way for manufacturers to lock a distributor into a certain area and guarantee sales and loyalty."
The logic is that if a distributor is the only one in a territory carrying a product, the distributor will work harder to sell the line, knowing other distributors aren't competing for the same technicians' business. When two or more distributors are competing for business, manufacturers say, they will start competing on price. Lower prices are welcomed by nail technicians, but manufacturers say it eventually leads to product diversion.
"If you have two distributors in a territory, they will compete on price and then products will start being diverted and then technicians will stop buying those products because clients will be able to get it everywhere," Hovie says.
The cost of products to distributors is often based on volume: The more the distributor buys, the less he pays per unit. If the distributor has exclusive distribution in a territory, he has a greater chance of selling high volume. If distributors are competing for business, manufacturers say there are only two ways for them to keep their volume up: by discounting prices or by reselling the products to a retail establishment.
"I wish they would compete on service, but in the real world they discount or divert to keep their numbers up. Then the image of the manufacturer's line is damaged," adds Bill Martens.
But exclusive distribution also has its dark side, says Tom Clifford. "One of the cardinal sins a distributor will commit is to sit on a product line without promoting it so that someone else in the territory won't have it," he says.
Mark Moesta, marketing manager for American International Industries, agrees. "A distributor may take on a product and want a certain area, but they're just guarding from the competition getting it. Let's say I have a new kind of cuticle nipper. I go to a distributor in Connecticut. That distributor does $150,000 with another nipper manufacturer who will give him a 10% rebate if he hits $200,000 in sales. So you take on the cuticle nipper to guard against anyone else in your area getting it, then do nothing with it to get your rebate," Moesta theorizes. "That's just one scenario."


text:
Q: postgreSQL: How Select the nearest date that is not null I got a date that I want to find the all records in the past that got the same month and day.
The problem accrues when there is no such date in the same year. For example, the 29th February.
My goal is to get the nearest date from below the date that does not exist.
This is my currently query with the date 2012-02-29:
SELECT date, amount
 FROM table_name
 WHERE
     EXTRACT(MONTH FROM date) = EXTRACT(MONTH FROM DATE('2012-02-29') )
     AND EXTRACT(DAY FROM date) = EXTRACT(DAY FROM DATE('2012-02-29') )
     AND date < '2012-02-29'
     ORDER BY date DESC LIMIT 10;

A: If I understand correctly, you want one date per year with the property that that day is nearest to the given date.
I would suggest using distinct on:
select distinct on (date_trunc('year', date)) t.*
from table_name t
order by date_trunc('year', date),
         abs(date_part('day, (date -
                              (date '2012-02-29' -
                               (extract(year from date '2012-02-29') - extract(year from date)) * interval '1 year'
                               )
                              )
                             )
                      )
            );

EDIT:
An example of working code:
select distinct on (date_trunc('year', date)) t.*
from table_name t
order by date_trunc('year', date),
         abs(date_part('day', date - (date '2012-02-29' -
                       ((extract(year from date '2012-02-29') - extract(year from date)) * interval '1 year')
                      )
              ))

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Q: How to query with joins using sql alchemy? I am trying to use SqlAlchemy with mysql as backend.The following are my table schema (defined for ORM using SQLAlchemy):
class ListItem(Base):
""""""
__tablename__ = "listitem"

ListItemID = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
ListItemTypeID = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("ListItemType.ListItemTypeID"))
ModelID = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("Model.ModelID"))
RefCode = Column(String(25))

def __init__(self, ListItemTypeID, ModelID, RefCode):
    self.ListItemTypeID= ListItemTypeID
    self.ModelID= ModelID
    self.RefCode= RefCode

class Model(Base):
""""""
__tablename__ = "model"

ModelID= Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
Name = Column(String(255))

def __init__(self, Name):
    self.Name= Name

I am not including the class mappers for the other reference tables like (ListItemType).
I would like to know how to query joining the "ListItem" table to the "Model" table and "ListItemType" table.
An SQL equivalent of the same should be this way:
select listitem.ListItemID, model.Name, listitemtype.Name from listitemrequest
join listitemtype on listitemrequest.ListItemTypeID = listitemtype.ListItemID
join model on listitemrequest.ModelID = Model.ModelID

I am fairly new with using sqlalchemy. Thanks for any help in advance.

A: If the columns already have a foreign key relationship the following should work.
Read the docs on joins.
result = session.query(listitemrequest).
         join(listitemtype).
         join(model).
         with_entities([listitem.c.ListItemID, mode.c.name,listitemtype.c.Name]).
         all()


text:
Stop Wearing Pajamas in Public — Now
Robrt L. Pela
Robrt L. Pela | February 15, 2016 | 7:00am
If you're a grown-up person who has not recently been diagnosed with a mental disorder, and you've gone out in public in your pajamas, you need to know two things. First of all, you look like an idiot, and secondly, stop doing this. Immediately.
Wearing pj's in public is not a new thing, nor is the misguided notion that pajamas can be somehow fashionable. Vogue and Elle magazines began covering flannel-print-pajama bottoms as daywear in 2013. Teen Vogue recently published a layout titled "Stylish Ways to Wear Pajamas in Public."
In the long-ago 1940s, pajamas made fashion news, but not as daywear. When the actress Bette Davis turned up in her 1942 film Old Acquaintance sporting her beau's pajama top as a nightie, it caused a fashion revolution: I. Magnin clothing buyer Bertie Strausser told The New York Times that she sold out of men's sleepwear the morning after the movie opened, and all of it to young women. The men's-pj-top-as-nightie fad resurfaced more than a decade later, thanks again to celebrity entertainment: When leading lady Janis Paige took the stage in George Abbott's 1954 Broadway musical Pajama Game, clad only in the top half of humpy John Raitt's sleep set, gals went wild and began copying the look. (It didn't hurt that Raitt followed her onstage wearing only the other half of his ensemble.)
Back then, no one was wearing these get-ups in public.
Barneys New York at Scottsdale Fashion Square Is Closing
Phoenicians Accidentally Pioneered the Athleisure Fashion Trend
Casper's Nap Tour Is Coming to Phoenix, Which... Okay
I get it. You're in a hurry; your pajamas are comfy; you're just dashing to Safeway for coffee filters; you plan to spend the day in your bathrobe anyway. Too bad. I am also at Safeway, and just before leaving the house I spent an entire half-minute pulling on this pair of blue jeans and this hoodie, so that you wouldn't have to see me in the striped flannel bottoms and the holey v-neck I wore to bed last night.
I'm not asking you to show me the same courtesy. I'm demanding it. And not just because you look like a pig, but because I suspect you think you're promoting some kind of affront to fashion, or maybe giving the finger to what's socially appropriate, and you're wrong.
Probably you think they're breaking rules by refusing to get dressed before leaving the house. When hippies looked like slobs in the 1960s, they were making a larger point about upending the conservative thinking and disingenuous politics that were destroying our nation. Their counterculture garb was an offshoot of a larger counterculture movement, informed by a DIY sensibility (hippies made everything: rugs, bongs, their clothing) and a brightly colored LSD aesthetic.
You're just being lazy.
I'm not a prude, nor am I old-fashioned. I'm not asking that women wear multiple layers of petticoats beneath a long-sleeved, high-collared dress, or that guys never leave the house in anything but a three-piece-suit. Mostly, I don't want to see your slothfulness and your misguided politics, if you even have any, in the produce aisle. I'm looking for bok choy, not for another reminder that I live in a world overflowing with people so sloppy they refuse to get dressed before running errands, and who might, if I spoke to them, try to pass their messy appearance off as something subversive. It's not. It's ridiculous, and so — 22-year-old wearing saggy, footed pajama bottoms in the checkout line — are you.
Robrt L. Pela has been a weekly contributor to Phoenix New Times since 1991, primarily as a cultural critic. His radio essays air on National Public Radio affiliate KJZZ's Morning Edition.


A pair of stylish 4 spring 1209 Anglepoise wall light by Herbert Terry & Sons.
The wall version having a solid cast base with crinkle paintwork, this allowing full rotation of the light in all directions.
A rare opportunity to having a pair.


text:
Rajura is a town  and municipal council in the Chandrapur district of the Indian state of Maharashtra.

Geography
Rajura is at  in Maharashtra, on the banks of the Wardha River in central India's coal belt. The town has an average elevation of 189 metres (624 feet).

Demographics
According to the 2021 Indian census, Rajura had a population of 134,838  Literate people are 74,225 out of 41,521 are male and 32,704 are female. Children under age six constitute about 15 percent of the population. Rajura's average literacy rate of 72 percent (77 percent of males, 67 percent of females) exceeds the national average of 59.5 percent. Nearby towns include Ballarpur, Gadchandur, Nanda and Korpana.

Industries
Rajura is in the heart of Maharashtra's coal and cement-producing areas. Due to the availability of raw materials, there are a number of cement factories near the town.

Places of interest
A number of temples are in and near Rajura. They include the Hanuman temple near the lake in Jogapur, about 10 km (6.2 mi) from Rajura, and the Shri Saibaba temple (Chota Shirdi) on the Wardha River. The Somnath Mandir temple is in Somanathapur region.

See also
 List of talukas in Chandrapur district
 List of village in Rajura taluka

References

Cities and towns in Chandrapur district
Talukas in Maharashtra


During an inspection of your firm located in Boca Raton, Florida on January 12-13, 2009, an investigator from the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) determined that your firm manufactures the following products: Therasage RX Healing Pads (Small, Small with Car Adapter, Medium, and Large), Therasage RX Healing Belt, the Therasage Rx Massage Beds (Models: 8000S and 8001), and TheraDesign Clothing, Bandages, and Wraps (Models: Wrist Band, Calf Band, Elbow Band, Knee Band, Ankle Band, Therapy Socks, Shoulder Cover, Therapy T-shirt, and Waist Belt). Under section 201(h) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the Act), 21 U.S.C. § 321(h), these products are devices because they are intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions or in the cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, or are intended to affect the structure or function of the body.
We received your response dated March 14, 2009, concerning our investigator's observations noted on the Form FDA 483, List of Inspectional Observations, that was issued to you on January 13, 2009. We address this response below in relation to each of the noted violations.
Our inspection revealed that the Therasage RX Healing Pads, Therasage RX Healing Belt, Therasage Rx Massage Beds, and TheraDesign Clothing, Bandages, and Wraps identified above and the Therasage Home Saunas (2, 3, and 4 Person) are adulterated under section 501(f)(1)(B) of the Act, 21 U.S.C.. § 351(f)(1)(B), because you do not have approved applications for premarket approval (PMA) in effect pursuant to section 515(a) of the Act, 21 U.S.C.. § 360e(a), or approved applications for an investigational device exemption (IDE) under section 520(g) of the Act, 21 U.S.C.. § 360j(g). The devices are also misbranded under section 502(0) the Act, 21 U.S.C.. § 352(0), because you did not notify the agency of your intent to introduce the devices into commercial distribution, as required by section 510(k) of the Act, 21 U.S.C.360(k). For a device requiring market approval, the notification required by section 510(k) of the Act, 21 U.S.C. § 360(k), is deemed satisfied when a PMA is pending before the agency. 21 C.F.R. § 807.81(b). The kind of information you need to submit in order to obtain approval or clearance for your device is described on the Internet at http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dcvadvice/3122.html. The FDA will evaluate the information you submit and decide whether your product may be legally marketed.
In your letter dated March 14, 2009, you claim that since your firm does not manufacture the devices, but instead is an initial importer/distributor, you are not required to submit premarket notification submissions (510(k)s) for these devices. We have reviewed your response and have concluded that it is not adequate. You engage in manufacturing activities, which includes relabeling initial importation of devices manufactured in foreign establishments, and initiating specifications. See 21 C.F.R. § 807.3(d). For example, you state that Therasage developed the User Guide and Instruction Manual & Warranty Information included with the Healing RX Pads. You explain that Therasage developed the warning statements included in the labeling for the Healing RX Pads. Moreover, you indicate that Therasage provided input to the labeling for the Healing RX Belts. Further, Therasage directed the addition of a warning on not using the Healing RX Belt when the product is charging. With respect to TheraDesign, your website indicates that TheraDesign is a co-venture of Therasage and that the "new healing fabrics" that are used in the bandages, wraps, and clothing "have been developed by TheraDesign." It also states that "TheraDesign developed various types of wraps which are designed for use on those parts of the body which may suffer from aches, sprains, or other soft tissue injuries."
Regardless of your status as a manufacturer, the Act requires that "each person who is required to register. ..and who proposes to begin the introduction or delivery for introduction into interstate commerce for commercial distribution" of a device submit a premarket notification (510(k)). 21 U.S.C. § 360(k). The regulations reiterate this requirement and state that any person "who is required to register his establishment pursuant to § 807.20 must submit a premarket notification." 21 C.F.R. § 807.81. Accordingly, your firm constitutes an entity that is required to register, has in fact registered, and must submit a 510(k) in order to distribute these devices in interstate commerce. A review of our records indicate that no 510(k) has been cleared for the Therasage RX Healing Pads, Therasage RX Healing Belt, the Therasage Rx Massage Beds, and TheraDesign Clothing, Bandages, and Wraps identified above and the Therasage Home Saunas. Introduction or delivery for introduction into interstate commerce of an adulterated or misbranded device is prohibited under section 301(a) of the Act. 21 U.S.C.. § 331 (a). Because, as described above, your devices are adulterated and misbranded, your continued introduction of these devices into interstate commerce without a PMA or 510k) is a prohibited act.
You also state in your letter that the foreign manufacturer of the Therasage Healing Pad will submit a § 513(g) Request for Classification by March 20, 2009, to determine the proper classification of the device for any subsequent regulatory filing. A review of our records show that no § 513(g) Requests for Classification have been submitted either by you or any other party, nor are there any cleared or pending 510(k)s for any of the devices listed above.
Our inspection also revealed that the Therasage RX Healing Pads, Therasage RX Healing Belt, and the TheraDesign Clothing, Bandages, and Wraps are also misbranded under section 502(0) of the Act, 21 U.S.C. § 352(0), in that the devices were manufactured, prepared, propagated, compounded, or processed in an establishment not duly registered under section 510, 21 U.S.C. § 360, and were not included in a list required by Section 510(j), 21 U.S.C. § 360(j). Specifically, a review of our records reveals that your firm has not submitted a device listing for these devices.
1. Failure to furnish written MDR procedures, as required by 21 C.F.R. § 803.17.
iii. Timely transmission of complete medical device reports to FDA.
iii. Systems that ensure access to information that facilitates timely follow up and inspection by FDA.
We have reviewed your response and have concluded that it is inadequate. You have not yet submitted an established and implemented MDR procedure for our review. You state that as an initial importer, your responsibility is only to report a possible MDR to the manufacturer in a timely manner, however, as described above, your firm engages in manufacturing activities. Under 21 C.F.R. § 803.3, a manufacturer includes repackagers or relabelers, specification developers, and U.S. agents of foreign manufacturers. Since you meet the definition of a manufacturer, you are required to fulfill the MDR responsibilities enumerated for a manufacturer under 21 C.F.R. Part 803.
Failure to establish and maintain procedures to control the design of the device in order to ensure that specified design requirements are met, as required by 21 C.F.R. § 820.30(a). For example, your firm has not established design control procedures.
Failure to establish and maintain a design history file for each type of device that contains or references the records necessary to demonstrate that the design was developed in accordance with the approved design plan. For example, your firm has not established design history files.
Failure to establish and maintain procedures for implementing corrective and preventive actions (CAPA), as required by 21 C.F.R. § 820. 100(a). For example, your firm has not established CAPA procedures.
Failure to establish and maintain procedures to ensure that all purchased or otherwise received product and services conform to specified requirements, as required by 21 C.F.R. § 820.50. For example, your firm has not established purchasing control procedures.
Failure to maintain a record of a complaint investigation as described in 21 C.F.R. § 820.18(e). For example, your firm failed to document the nature and details of complaints, the results of investigation, and any corrective action.
Failure to establish procedures for quality audits and to conduct such audits to assure that the quality system is in compliance with the established quality system requirements and to determine the effectiveness of the quality system, as required by 21 C.F.R. § 820.22. For example, your firm has not established and implemented an internal audit procedure. In addition, your firm has failed to conduct internal audits.
We have reviewed your response and have concluded it is inadequate because you have failed to implement the necessary corrective actions and provide documentation to demonstrate that you have established and implemented the corrective actions you listed in your response.
Please notify this office in writing within fifteen (15) working days from the date you receive this letter of the specific steps you have taken to correct the noted violations, including an explanation of how you plan to prevent these violations, or similar violation(s), from occurring again. Include documentation of the corrective action you have taken. If your planned corrections will occur over time, please include a timetable for implementation of those corrections. If corrective action cannot be completed within 15 working days, state the reason for the delay and the time within which the corrections will be completed.
Your response should be sent to: Winston R. Alejo, Compliance Officer, 555 Winderley Place, Suite 200, Maitland, Florida, 32751. If you have any questions about the content of this letter please contact: Mr. Alejo at (407) 475-4731.
Finally, you should know that this letter is not intended to be an all-inclusive list of the violations at your facility. It is your responsibility to ensure compliance with applicable laws and regulations administered by FDA. The specific violations noted in this letter and in the Inspectional Observations, Form FDA 483 (FDA 483), issued at the closeout of the inspection may be symptomatic of serious problems in your firm's manufacturing and quality assurance systems. You should investigate and determine the causes of these violations, and take prompt actions to correct the violations and to bring your products into compliance.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Oceanview Community Church has secured housing for a refugee family after raising money over the past three years. (Photo courtesy of Pastor Darin Phillips)
Ladysmith church secures housing in Duncan for refugee family
Oceanview community church raised over $58,000 to sponsor the family
Tyler Hay
Oceanview Community Church in Ladysmith has found a home for a Syrian refugee family after raising over $58,000 over the last three years to sponsor them. It found a rental in north Duncan after searching for housing in a challenging market.
"We knew it would be bad, we just didn't think it would be as bad as it was," said Pastor Darin Phillips. "We just kept losing out on place after place and so we threw it out out to the church and said we got to pray."
During the search, the church community scoured ads and showed up at places to be put on wait lists, along with hundreds of others, according to Phillips. "God wants us to do this, he is going to have to provide a house," he said
Originally he hoped to find a home in Ladysmith, but nothing was available. He said the location in Duncan ended up being near ideal though, with schools, shopping and English lessons close to the family.
"There is a lot of things they need and they can get access to it really quickly. In the end we realized this is a better location than if we had got a rental in the outskirts of Cedar somewhere where we would have had to drive the family constantly to every appointment," Phillips said.
When the church community showed up at the rental many others were there who also wanted it, but Phillips said the church managed to make a deal because it had members who could help fix up the unit after a previous tenant left it in poor condition. The landlord provided materials and the church took the time to replace ruined flooring.
"I think he maybe kind of felt a bit of compassion for the refugee family and then realizing they are the renter, but the whole church is behind this. He is not going to have a repeat of the situation he just came out of," Phillips said.
It is still not clear when the family will arrive and when they do, they will have to complete a two-week quarantine before the church can throw a proper welcome party. The church paid rent for December and January to secure housing for their arrival and prepared the home with all the family will need.
"We got boots for kids and jackets and all the stuff they don't have coming from a warm climate so I was really proud to see the house," Phillips said.
He said the church has been reassured spiking COVID-19 cases should not impede the family from coming because of testing and quarantine requirements.
Funds were raised to support the family through donations and fundraising events and Phillips said the community support was amazing.
ALSO READ: Ladysmith church searching for rental for refugee family
@_hay_tyler
editor@ladysmithchronicle.com
ladysmithrefugeerental market
Extinction Rebellion blocks Nanaimo's Nicol Street
New transit route between Nanaimo and Cowichan expected in March


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text:
12 June 2008 10:32am
By Fraglia Vela Riva (As Amended By ISAF)
Argentina and USA Maintain Lead At 470 Europeans
Two second places for Ai KONDO and Naoko KAMATA move them up to second overall
© PTVela2007/JFF/ISAF
470 European Championships 2008
Javier CONTE and Juan DE LA FUENTE, and Amanda CLARK and Sarah MERGENTHALER held onto their overall leads on day four at the 470 Europeans.
The tough conditions continued on Lake Garda for day four of the ISAF Grade C1 470 European Championships. Another four races are scheduled over Thursday and Friday, with the Medal Race set for Saturday.
Amanda CLARK and Sarah MERGENTHALER (USA) hold on to the overall lead for the third consecutive day, although Japan's Ai KONDO and Naoko KAMATA now lie just one point behind them in second place. The US pair scored 6,11 in Wednesday's two races, whilst the Japanese crew, currently at #2 on the ISAF World Sailing Rankings, were the outstanding performers of the day, finishing second in both races to jump three places up the leaderboard.
On the US team's campaign website, teamgosailing.org, CLARK explained the strategy that has so far brought them success: "The steep cliffs of Lake Garda are famous for many reasons including funnelling wind down the right side of the course. We've been exercising starting on port to allow ourselves to be one of the earliest boats heading right. This seems to be a good ticket as we've rounded the windward mark in the top four boats five races out of eight. Similarly, a gybe set down wind allows you to get back into the wind running down the right side of the course (left hand side of the run looking downwind).
"The trickiest part of the day is late afternoon when the thermal generated southerly wind begins to die for the evening. There are massive and unpredictable shifts occurring all over the race area. Staying consistent during these periods is difficult but rewarding."
CLARK's theory certainly seems to be borne out in the results, with all the top teams scoring at least three double-figure scores from the eight races so far.
Behind the leading pair, Sylvia VOGL and Carolina FLATSCHER (AUT) lie third overall, just eight points off the Americans and closely followed by the Swiss team of Emmanuelle ROL and Anne-Sophie THILO.
In the men's championship, the first two races in the gold fleet brought mixed results for overnight leaders Javier CONTE and Juan DE LA FUENTE (ARG). The Argentinean team started the day with a bullet, but followed it up with a 19th in race 9. However the pair's consistent scoring enables them to exclude that result immediately and they maintain their overall lead with a nine-point gap back to Gideon KLIGER and Udi GAL (ISR), who were 2,14 for the day. The day's most consistent performers were reigning World Champions Nic ASHER and Elliot WILLIS (GBR), who scored two third-place finishes to move up to third overall, three points behind the Israelis.
Other impressive performers in the first day of gold-fleet racing were Korea's Yoon and Kim, sixth overall after 11,1 scores; Austria's Matthias SCHMID and Florian REICHSTADTER, seventh overall after 6,5 scores; and treble World Champions Nathan WILMOT and Malcolm PAGE (AUS), eight overall after 7,6 scores.
Results - click here


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text:
Cortes de Burgos es la denominación historiográfica de las reuniones de las Cortes de Castilla que tuvieron lugar en la ciudad de Burgos. Destacaron las siguientes:

 Cortes de Burgos de 1215
 Cortes de Burgos de 1301
 Cortes de Burgos de 1302
 Cortes de Burgos de 1308
 Cortes de Burgos de 1315
 Cortes de Burgos de 1338
 Cortes de Burgos de 1345
 Cortes de Burgos de 1366
 Cortes de Burgos de 1379
 Cortes de Burgos de 1392
 Cortes de Burgos de 1430
 Cortes de Burgos de 1453
 Cortes de Burgos de 1512
 Cortes de Burgos de 1515

Cortes de Castilla
Historia de  Burgos