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833 F. 2d 446 - Dunn v. Gannett New York Newspapers Inc
833 F2d 446 Dunn v. Gannett New York Newspapers Inc
56 USLW 2300, 14 Media L. Rep. 1871
Thomas G. DUNN, Appellant,
GANNETT NEW YORK NEWSPAPERS, INC.
Argued Sept. 28, 1987.
Decided Nov. 10, 1987.
As Amended Nov. 20, 1987.
William J. Prout, Jr. (argued), Janyce W. Stahl, Tompkins, McGuire & Wachenfeld, Newark, N.J., for appellant.
Robert C. Bernius (argued), Richard D. Rochford, Jr., Nixon, Hargrave, Devans & Doyle, Washington, D.C., Richard A. Ragsdale, Strauss & Hall, Princeton, N.J., for appellee.
Before GIBBONS, Chief Judge, MANSMANN and ALDISERT, Circuit Judges.
OPINION OF THE COURT
ALDISERT, Circuit Judge.
We are faced with a novel question of defamation law in this diversity proceeding. We must decide whether the attribution by a newspaper of the Spanish word "cerdos" to an utterance of the Elizabeth, New Jersey, mayor describing city litterbugs constitutes actionable libel under state law and the teachings of New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, 376 U.S. 254, 84 S.Ct. 710, 11 L.Ed.2d 686 (1964), and its progeny. An acceptable English translation of "cerdos" is "pigs." We are required to determine whether the actual Spanish word or its English translation should be considered in deciding whether actual malice was implicated in the publication.
El Diario-La Prensa, a Spanish language daily newspaper, published an account of Mayor Thomas G. Dunn's anti-litterbug remarks made during a campaign speech. The headline introducing the story stated that the mayor had called Elizabeth's Hispanic population "cerdos"; the paper later published a very critical open letter to the mayor. The mayor then filed a complaint against the newspaper charging it with libel. The paper interposed a New York Times defense in a summary judgment proceeding contending that the mayor had failed to present sufficient evidence of actual malice. The district court agreed. The mayor has appealed. We first turn to the facts which are largely undisputed.
On October 19, 1984, the Mayor of Elizabeth, New Jersey, Thomas G. Dunn, made certain comments during a campaign debate in response to a question regarding the City's litter problem:
But litter, of course, is an ever growing problem because we are a very busy, a growing city. And you know our public work employees do not go around deliberately filling the curbs up with debris. People, people make debris. And we're constantly trying to educate people to the fact that if they want a clean downtown they're going to have to do their part to keep it clean. You have a lot of new people moving into the City of Elizabeth, some coming from foreign lands where abject poverty was something they lived with everyday and they have not yet been assimilated into our type of society, and it will take a great deal of time for some of them to respect the rights and the properties of other people, and above all, to respect a city that offers them a home in what I consider to be a wholesome environment.
On October 23, 1984, El Diario-La Prensa, a newspaper that publishes in Spanish and serves the Hispanic communities in the New York metropolitan area, carried the following lead headline:
Alcalde de Elizabeth al ataque:
LLAMA 'CERDOS' A LOS HISPANOS
Antes prohibio hablar espanol pag. 3
Translated into English1, the headline read:
Elizabeth Mayor on the attack:
CALLS HISPANICS 'PIGS,'
Had previously prohibited the speaking of Spanish pag. 3
"Pigs" is an English translation of "cerdos," the Spanish word used in the headline. The story on page three described the mayor's comments in detail. In this appeal, Dunn does not dispute the accuracy of the story, but contends that the headline was defamatory.
After the "cerdos" article was published, an assistant editor of El Diario attempted to reach Mayor Dunn for his comment. He was unsuccessful. It was alleged that a city official told the editor that city employees were not permitted to talk with El Diario representatives. Subsequently, on October 28, 1984, El Diario published an open letter to Mayor Dunn written by Manuel de Dios Unanue, the paper's Editor-in-Chief. Dunn also claims that parts of this open letter were defamatory.
In his complaint against Gannett New York Newspapers, Inc., the publisher of El Diario, Dunn claimed that the October 23rd headline and October 28th open letter were defamatory. Sitting under diversity jurisdiction, the district court applied New Jersey law to the case. On May 1, 1986, the court denied defendant's motion for summary judgment dismissing the action as to the October 23rd headline, but granted its summary judgment motion as to the October 28th open letter.
Gannett successfully moved for re-argument and, on September 16, 1986, the court vacated that portion of its earlier ruling dealing with the October 23rd headline. It then granted defendant summary judgment as to the headline, holding that the plaintiff had failed to present clear and convincing evidence that the newspaper published the headline with actual malice. The district court reiterated this holding in January 1987 when it denied plaintiff's motion for reconsideration. The court also denied Dunn's request to supplement the record. Dunn appeals from the district court's grants of summary judgment and from the court's denial of his record-supplementing motion.
Applicable summary judgment precepts are familiar. Summary judgment can be granted only if no genuine issue of material fact exists. Rule 56(c), F.R.Civ.P.; Goodman v. Mead Johnson & Co., 534 F.2d 566, 573 (3d Cir.1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1038, 97 S.Ct. 732, 50 L.Ed.2d 748 (1977). An issue is "genuine" only if the evidence is such that a reasonable jury could find for the nonmoving party. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 2509, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986). At the summary judgment stage, "the judge's function is not himself to weigh the evidence and determine the truth of the matter, but to determine whether there is a genuine issue for trial." Id., 106 S.Ct. at 2510. On review, this court applies the same test that the district court should have adopted. Marek v. Marpan Two, Inc., 817 F.2d 242, 244 (3d Cir.1987). We now proceed to examine the applicable legal precepts that govern publication of El Diario's October 23rd headline.
Dunn contends that he has produced sufficient evidence to create a genuine issue as to the states of mind of the newspaper's editors at the time of publication of the October 23rd "cerdos" headline. These states of mind are very relevant to the first amendment's concept of actual malice.
Dunn's argument requires us to pursue both state and federal law inquiries. We must determine (1) whether the defendant has harmed the plaintiff's reputation within the meaning of state law; and (2) if so, whether the interposition of the first amendment precludes recovery. Marcone v. Penthouse Int'l Magazine for Men, 754 F.2d 1072, 1077 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 474 U.S. 864, 106 S.Ct. 182, 88 L.Ed.2d 151 (1985); Steaks Unltd., Inc. v. Deaner, 623 F.2d 264, 270 (3d Cir.1980). In this diversity case, our first determination, then, must be whether Dunn has made out a proper claim under New Jersey law. See Jenkins v. Westinghouse Broadcasting & Cable, Inc., 829 F.2d 403 (3d Cir.1987).
Those who write or publish material that tends to injure an individual's reputation may be subject to liability under New Jersey law in a libel action if the material is false. Maressa v. New Jersey Monthly, 89 N.J. 176, 445 A.2d 376, 383-84, cert. denied, 459 U.S. 907 (1982); see Rainier's Dairies v. Raritan Valley Farms, Inc., 19 N.J. 552, 117 A.2d 889, 891 (1955). For a libel action to qualify, the disputed statement must be an assertion of fact. Karnell v. Campbell, 206 N.J.Super. 81, 501 A.2d 1029, 1033 (1985). The issue then becomes whether the language used is reasonably susceptible of a defamatory meaning. Kotlikoff v. The Community News, 89 N.J. 62, 444 A.2d 1086, 1088 (1982).
It is the function of the court, and not the factfinder, to decide if the contested statement is defamatory on its face. Lawrence v. Bauer Pub. & Printing, Ltd., 89 N.J. 451, 446 A.2d 469, 473, cert. denied, 459 U.S. 999, 103 S.Ct. 358, 74 L.Ed.2d 395 (1982). Words that subject a person to ridicule, hatred, or contempt or which "clearly 'sound to the disreputation' of an individual," are defamatory on their face. Id. If the language at issue is capable of both a defamatory and a nondefamatory meaning, there exists a question of fact for the jury to decide. Id.
Here, the district court determined that "the headline, inasmuch as it proclaims that the plaintiff called Hispanics dirty persons, could be, in the view of some jurors, actionable given what plaintiff actually said." App. at 190. The court, however, granted defendant's motions for summary judgment, concluding that plaintiff did not produce clear and convincing evidence of actual malice. For our purposes, we assume that the October 23rd headline is defamatory under New Jersey law, but agree with the district court that Dunn has not surmounted the formidable first amendment barriers to recovery.
A brief digest of first amendment strictures on the law of defamation, also very familiar, is in order. In New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, 376 U.S. 254, 270, 84 S.Ct. 710, 720, 11 L.Ed.2d 686 (1964), the Court recognized that "debate on public issues should be uninhibited, robust, and wide open, and ... may well include vehement, caustic, and sometimes unpleasantly sharp attacks on government and public officials." To give effect to this precept, the Court held that proper fealty to the first amendment commands that a public official may not recover for defamatory falsehood relating to his official conduct unless he proves with "convincing clarity" that the statement was made with "actual malice": "with knowledge that it was false or with reckless disregard of whether it was false or not." Id. at 279-80, 285-86, 84 S.Ct. at 725-26, 728-29, see Dickey v. CBS Inc., 583 F.2d 1221, 1227 (3d Cir.1978). Reckless disregard means "the defendant in fact entertained serious doubts as to the truth of his publication." St. Amant v. Thompson, 390 U.S. 727, 731, 88 S.Ct. 1323, 1325, 20 L.Ed.2d 262 (1968); see Bose Corp. v. Consumers Union of United States, Inc., 466 U.S. 485, 512, 104 S.Ct. 1949, 1965, 80 L.Ed.2d 502 (1984) (clear and convincing evidence that defendant "realized the inaccuracy at the time of publication"); Coughlin v. Westinghouse Broadcasting & Cable Inc., 780 F.2d 340, 342 (3d Cir.1985), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1187, 106 S.Ct. 2927, 91 L.Ed.2d 554 (1986). Hence, the importance of considering the editors' states of mind at the time of publication.
We have recently received assistance from the Court in dealing with actual malice in a summary judgment context. In Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986), the Court dealt with this precise issue. "[W]here the factual dispute concerns actual malice, clearly a material issue in a New York Times case, the appropriate summary judgment question will be whether the evidence in the record could support a reasonable jury finding either that the plaintiff has shown actual malice by clear and convincing evidence or that the plaintiff has not." Id., 106 S.Ct. at 2512. When a litigant presents an actual malice issue on appeal, the Court "has an obligation to 'make an independent examination of the whole record' in order to make sure that 'the judgment does not constitute a forbidden intrusion on the field of free expression.' " Bose, 466 U.S. at 499, 104 S.Ct. at 1958 (quoting New York Times, 376 U.S. at 284-86, 84 S.Ct. at 728-29).
In the case at bar, the district court determined that because El Diario 's comments dealt with the official conduct of a public official, the rule of New York Times applied to Mayor Dunn's libel action. This threshold determination is not, and cannot be, seriously refuted. The district court concluded, however, that Dunn failed to raise a genuine issue as to whether El Diario 's editors published the October 23rd headline with actual malice. We must initially determine whether a genuine issue of fact was presented relating to the headline's publication.
The mayor contends that he has produced sufficient evidence to create a genuine issue as to the editors' states of mind at the time of publication. Specifically, Dunn compares what he actually said with what the editors said he said in the headline. He argues that El Diario, by enclosing 'cerdos' in single quotation marks, purported to proclaim that the mayor had in fact used the word "pigs" in discussing the litter problem. Dunn refers also to deposition testimony by Antonio Santurio, an assistant metropolitan editor for El Diario, who stated that he knew at the time the headline was published that Dunn had neither referred to Hispanics in particular nor used the word "pig." The district court commented that "[e]ssentially, plaintiff argues that because defendant knew that the headline was an exaggeration of the truth, actual malice may be implied." App. at 290.
Jose Rohaidy, an El Diario journalist, wrote the newspaper story that accompanied the allegedly defamatory headline. He based it on telephone conversations with Manual Goberna and Juan Sierra. Rohaidy did not attend the campaign debate that prompted the mayor's remarks, but Goberna and Sierra were present. By affidavit, Goberna stated that he understood Dunn's remarks to refer to Hispanics. Id. at 141. "Dunn did not use the word 'pigs' in the debate, but the effect was the same, as far as I and others with whom I spoke were concerned, as if he had called [Hispanics] pigs outright." Id. at 143. Sierra's affidavit stated that he also believed that the mayor's remarks referred to Hispanics, and that the article correctly reflected the frustration and anger felt by the Hispanic community over Dunn's accusations that the latest immigrants were responsible for the filth in the City. Id. at 137. Another person present at the debate also understood the mayor's remarks to refer to Hispanics. See affidavit of Otoniel Palacio, app. at 150.
Editor Santurio explained by affidavit that the editorial staff of the newspaper held a meeting to decide how, in headline form, to express the gist of Dunn's remarks. Santurio explained that the paper faced a problem, because there are no exact Spanish words for litter, litterbug, or litterpig. See also affidavit of Manuel Nazario, app. at 130 (no Spanish term equivalent to the English term litterer). According to Santurio, the editors chose to use "cerdos" in the headline only after they decided that alternative words were "inappropriate," "too strong, too vulgar [or] too inflammatory."2 Id. at 98-99. In his words:
The headline we agreed on stated that the Mayor had called Hispanics "cerdos." Mayor Dunn had not used the word "pig," the literal English translation of "cerdo," in his remarks. However, when properly interpreted, and after considering all of the subtleties of the Spanish language, the Mayor had called Hispanics "cerdos," as the word is used in the Spanish language to refer to those who dirty the street by littering.
Id. at 99; see also affidavit of Manuel Nazario, app. at 131 ("cerdos" an appropriate and linguistically correct means of conveying in Spanish that someone is a litterer or dirtier of streets). Furthermore, Santurio noted that the newspaper placed quotation marks around "cerdos" "to indicate that the word was being used in a figurative sense." App. at 99; see also affidavit of Manuel Nazario, app. at 131 (use of quotation marks in Spanish does not necessarily signify that a literal quotation is intended). Santurio believed that the headline paraphrased the gist of the mayor's remarks; it "was not intended to convey, nor do I believe that our Spanish-speaking readership interpreted it to convey, that Dunn was being directly quoted." Id. at 99. The foregoing constitutes the basic evidence presented in the summary judgment proceedings, or what reasonably could have been expected at a trial.
This evidence persuasively shows that El Diario based its October 23rd headline and accompanying article on numerous sources who felt that the mayor's remarks referred to Hispanics. Mayor Dunn has offered no evidence that demonstrates that El Diario doubted the accuracy or impressions of its sources. He has not presented any evidence to contradict the editors' choice of words in the Spanish language; he has presented no evidence to challenge that "cerdos" most accurately reflects in Spanish the essence of Dunn's statements about the litter problem. Rather than offering evidence on the word "cerdos," Dunn simply translates the word into English, seizes one of the meanings, "pigs," and on this one English meaning, anchors his basic contention that the Spanish word is inappropriate. His strongest argument is that there is a vast difference between the English words he did say, and an English translation of a Spanish word that described what he said.
We are not willing to base an actual malice determination solely on the translation to English from Spanish of the language used by the defendant. We have decided that the New York Times standard must be applied to the actual words used by the defendant, see Jenkins v. Westinghouse Broadcasting & Cable, Inc., 829 F.2d 403, 406-07 (3d Cir.1987). If the language is Spanish, we must apply the standard to Spanish. We proceed in this manner because we believe that a translation may not always reflect the nuances and subtleties of the original language. This is especially true in the present case, because it is not controverted that there is no exact Spanish word for litterer or litterbug.
At most, Dunn's evidence shows that the newspaper mischaracterized the mayor's remarks. However, this error is not enough to hold the paper liable for defamation under the New York Times actual malice standard. See Bose Corp., 466 U.S. at 512-13, 104 S.Ct. at 1965-66 (language in article reflecting a misconception by author not enough to prove actual malice because language chosen was "one of a number of possible rational interpretations" of an event "that bristled with ambiguities"); Time, Inc. v. Pape, 401 U.S. 279, 91 S.Ct. 633, 28 L.Ed.2d 45 (1971) (Time Magazine's interpretation of a document, though arguably reflecting a misconception, was not enough to create a jury issue of actual malice). More realistically, the headline was a rational interpretation of remarks that bristled with ambiguities. As the district court noted, a headline may not meet one's expectations of a responsible press.
Because we believe that the word "cerdos" must be evaluated in its unaltered Spanish version, and because we are convinced that the word was a fair, albeit inadequate, translation of the relatively new additions to the American vocabulary of the words "litter," "litterer," or "litterbug," it was critical to the plaintiff's case that he meet this reality with countervailing factual evidence of actual malice. This he failed to do. In failing, he created no genuine issue of material fact. We hold that the district court did not err in granting summary judgment to defendant on that portion of the defamation action relating to the October 23rd headline.
We turn next to the October 28th open letter written by the Editor-in-Chief of El Diario, Manuel de Dios Unanue. The district court noted that the open letter "may justly be characterized as an expression of opinion." App. at 195. Determining that all facts relating to the editor's statements were contained in the letter, the district court concluded that the letter was not actionable as libel.
On appeal, Dunn argues that because statements in the letter were impliedly based on the existence of undisclosed defamatory facts, the letter was actionable. In particular, Dunn asserts that the open letter implied that he was guilty of obstruction of justice in covering up wrongdoing and embezzlement within City government. Dunn also argues that the letter charged him with denying the free speech rights of municipal employees. He contends that both charges are without basis in fact.
Mindful of our earlier description of the nature of defamation, we again refer to state law in evaluating appellant's contentions. New Jersey has adopted the Restatement (Second) of Torts Sec. 566 (1977) to determine whether an opinion is actionable as defamation. See Kotlikoff v. The Community News, 89 N.J. 62, 444 A.2d 1086, 1089 (1982); Karnell v. Campbell, 206 N.J.Super. 81, 501 A.2d 1029, 1033 (1985). Section 566 provides:
A defamatory communication may consist of a statement in the form of an opinion, but a statement of this nature is actionable only if it implies the allegation of undisclosed defamatory facts as the basis for the opinion.
The principle making expressions of pure opinion non-actionable is grounded on the first amendment precept that ideas themselves cannot be false. See Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc., 418 U.S. 323, 339-40, 94 S.Ct. 2997, 3006-07, 41 L.Ed.2d 789 (1974). Thus, insofar as protections for statements of opinion are concerned, New Jersey substantive law and federal constitutional law are intertwined. Many New Jersey cases are cast in first amendment terms when courts have had to decide whether a statement may be characterized as opinion. See Dairy Stores, Inc. v. Sentinel Pub. Co., 104 N.J. 125, 516 A.2d 220, 235 (1986); Canino v. New York News, Inc., 96 N.J. 189, 475 A.2d 528, 532 (1984); Maressa v. New Jersey Monthly, 89 N.J. 176, 445 A.2d 376, 387, cert. denied, 459 U.S. 907, 103 S.Ct. 211, 74 L.Ed.2d 169 (1982); Kotlikoff, 444 A.2d at 1089.
Comments to section 566 of the Restatement expand upon the distinction between protected and unprotected expressions of opinion. Several gradations of what constitutes "opinion" are set forth.
"Pure" opinion occurs, according to Comment b, when the maker of the remark states the facts on which he bases his opinion of the plaintiff and then expresses a view as to the plaintiff's conduct, qualifications, or character. "Pure" expression of opinion occurs also when the maker of the statement does not spell out the alleged facts on which the opinion is based, but both parties to the communication know the facts or assume their existence. Under these circumstances, the statement of opinion is obviously based on those assumed facts as justification for the opinion. Under New Jersey law, "[e]xpressions of 'pure' opinion on matters of public concern may no longer be the basis of an action for defamation." Kotlikoff, 444 A.2d at 1089-90.
A second, or "mixed," type of opinion is an expression based on facts relating to the plaintiff, or his conduct, that have neither been stated by the defendant nor assumed to exist by the parties to the communication. As the Restatement notes, if these undisclosed facts are defamatory, the defendant's statements are actionable. Restatement (Second) of Torts Sec. 566 comment b (1977). Thus, the predicate facts are controlling. If these facts are themselves defamatory, an opinion based on them is beyond the pale of protection under state law.
In predicting what the New Jersey Supreme Court would do, we have decided that the Restatement format is the appropriate route to follow here. We must decide whether the October 28th letter was based on undisclosed false or defamatory statements of fact, or whether it simply expressed protected statements of pure opinion. Kotlikoff, 444 A.2d at 1090. In making this determination, we must consider the letter in its totality, examining all the words used, along with the letter's context and circumstances. Id. at 1091; see Karnell v. Campbell, 206 N.J.Super. 81, 501 A.2d 1029, 1032-33 (1985); Molnar v. Star-Ledger, 193 N.J.Super. 12, 471 A.2d 1209, 1212 (1984).
As translated, the October 28 open letter began:
Again Mr. Mayor? In all of my career as a newspaperman, I have never encountered a politician who has committed so many mistakes and demonstrated such little sensitivity toward the people he supposedly represents.
App. at 122. The paragraphs of the letter that allegedly charged the mayor with embezzlement, covering up wrongdoing, and denying first amendment rights have been translated:We do not doubt any of our personnel. Can you say the same? What happened with the $687,000 which the federal Department of Housing discovered had been lost and the report which you had asked the City Council to keep confidential?
But there is also something which I cannot ignore and that is your order to municipal employees not to talk with the reporters of El Diario-La Prensa. That again brings back memories of Adolf Hitler or the censorship prevalent in totalitarian regimes like those of Fidel Castro.
We must now consider case law relevant to these utterances. In Greenbelt Coop. Pub. Ass'n v. Bresler, 398 U.S. 6, 90 S.Ct. 1537, 26 L.Ed.2d 6 (1970), a newspaper cited a citizen's statement, made at a city council meeting, that the plaintiff, a local real estate developer, was "blackmailing" the city in connection with certain zoning variances. The Supreme Court determined that no libel had been committed inasmuch as there had been no false accusation of criminal conduct. The Court concluded that no reader of the newspaper could possibly have interpreted the report to mean that plaintiff was being charged with the crime of blackmail. "[E]ven the most careless reader must have perceived that the word was no more than rhetorical hyperbole, a vigorous epithet used by those who considered [plaintiff's] negotiating position extremely unreasonable." Id. at 14, 90 S.Ct. at 1541, see Pierce v. Capital Cities Communications, Inc., 576 F.2d 495, 508 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 861, 99 S.Ct. 181, 58 L.Ed.2d 170 (1978). In Kotlikoff, the New Jersey Supreme Court concluded that statements in a letter to the editor published by a newspaper accusing plaintiff of involvement in a "huge coverup" and a "conspiracy" were protected expressions of opinion. "When examined in their full context, the offending words appear to have been used not as specific accusations of criminal activity, but merely as pejorative rhetoric, criticizing plaintiff in an identified, isolated instance of his performance in public office." 444 A.2d at 1091.
We deem it significant that the editor based his statements upon facts that were fully disclosed in the open letter. In particular, the letter refers to the missing $687,000 in HUD funds and the directive to municipal employees not to speak with reporters of El Diario. The relevant aspect of the opinion dichotomy thus appears clear. There is a non-defamatory factual basis. Under New Jersey law, "[w]here an opinion is accompanied by its underlying non-defamatory factual basis, ... a defamation action will fail, no matter how unjustified, unreasonable or derogatory the opinion might be." Kotlikoff, 444 A.2d at 1091. Under such circumstances, readers can interpret the factual statements and decide for themselves whether the writer's opinion was justified.
Accordingly, we believe that the contested paragraphs in the October 28th open letter are protected expressions of "pure" opinion. The editor's language was loose and figurative; it did not specifically accuse Mayor Dunn of criminal activity. The rhetoric employed by the editor to criticize Dunn's performance in public office cannot reasonably be interpreted as charging appellant with committing a criminal offense.
The open letter also compares Mayor Dunn with two notorious dictators. The first amendment invariably has been held to protect this comparison. See, e.g., Koch v. Goldway, 817 F.2d 507 (9th Cir.1987) (mayor's comments associating plaintiff with Nazi war criminal were political slurs in nature of opinion); Buckley v. Littell, 539 F.2d 882, 893-94 (2d Cir.1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1062, 97 S.Ct. 785, 50 L.Ed.2d 777 (1977) ("fascist" not defamatory). Such name calling, in the context of public debate, is protected speech because of the "profound national commitment that debate on public issues should be uninhibited, robust, and wide open, and ... may well include vehement, caustic, and sometimes unpleasantly sharp attacks on government and public officials." New York Times, 376 U.S. at 270, 84 S.Ct. at 720. The speech in the open letter can be characterized as no more than "lusty and imaginative expression ... of contempt." Letter Carriers v. Austin, 418 U.S. 264, 286, 94 S.Ct. 2770, 2782, 41 L.Ed.2d 745 (1974).
We conclude that the district court did not err in granting summary judgment to defendants on that portion of the defamation action relating to the October 28th open letter.
After the court granted defendant's motions for summary judgment on the defamation claims, Dunn presented the district court with a motion for reconsideration. He requested an opportunity to supplement the record in the hope of providing evidence that would create an actual malice jury question. In denying the motion for reconsideration, the district court also denied Dunn's request to supplement the record. Dunn appeals from the court's denial of his request to supplement the record; we review the district court's action on an abuse of discretion standard. Zenith Radio Corp. v. Hazeltine Research, Inc., 401 U.S. 321, 331-32, 91 S.Ct. 795, 801-02, 28 L.Ed.2d 77 (1971).
Dunn's motion to amend the record was based on the timing of the Supreme Court's decision in Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., supra, which required him to oppose Gannett's summary judgment motions with clear and convincing evidence of actual malice. In denying Dunn's reconsideration motion, the district court noted that plaintiff previously filed a letter brief while defendant's motion for reconsideration was pending. This letter brief did discuss Liberty Lobby, but Dunn did not request an opportunity to supplement the record; instead, he merely stated that the record more than supported a finding of actual malice under a clear and convincing standard. See app. at 308.
Appellant points to no evidence that he claims to have withheld in reliance upon pre-Liberty Lobby law. Moreover, he was given at least one opportunity to address the impact of Liberty Lobby on his case. The district court properly rejected Dunn's revised strategy, developed only after the court granted summary judgment in favor of Gannett: "Having had the opportunity to consider the ramifications of Liberty Lobby on his case and having concluded that there were none, plaintiff cannot now argue that he has been prejudiced." Id. at 308-09. We hold that the district court did not abuse its discretion by denying appellant's motion to supplement the record.
We will affirm the district court's grants of summary judgment in favor of defendant.
The defendant, without objection from the plaintiff, provided the district court with translations of the headline and open letter noted in this opinion. The translations are not contested in this appeal
The editors considered these alternative words in formulating the headline: sucio, marrano, puerco, and cochino. App. at 98-99. Collins Spanish-English English-Spanish Dictionary defines sucio as vile, mean, despicable, filthy, dirty, or obscene; marrano as swine, filthy, dirty, or pig; puerco as pig, swine, or rotter; and cochino as pig, swine, hog, or filthy person. C. Smith, Collins Spanish-English English-Spanish Dictionary (1971). The dictionary defines cerdo as pig, dirty person, or slovenly person. Id


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Calvin Howard Wilkins, Jr.
Calvin Howard Wilkins Jr. of Palm Beach died Saturday, Dec. 24, 2016, in Palm Beach. He served as the U.S. ambassador to the Netherlands under President George H.W. Bush. He was 78.
The son of Calvin Howard Wilkins Sr. and Frances Jane Austin, Mr. Wilkins was born on Feb. 19, 1938, in Wichita, Kan. He graduated from Yale University in 1960, where he rowed for four years.
He was one of the first franchisees of Pizza Hut. He went on to build and acquire more than 500 restaurants and other businesses across the country, including Panera Bread, Rent-a-Center and Amarillo Mesquite Grill. He also was vice chairman of Pizza Hut, Inc. and the first president of the International Pizza Hut Franchise Holders Association.
He served as the Kansas finance chairman for the President Gerald Ford Committee in 1975. He worked as the Finance Chairman for Robert Dole in his presidential bid in 1988, and was appointed the U.S. ambassador to the Netherlands by President Bush in 1989.
Mr. Wilkins was married to Mary Margaret Phipps from 1965 to 1981. In 2003, he married Rhonda Louise Tanner.
In addition to his wife, he is survived by a brother, Robert Wilkins; a daughter, Wendy Minderhout; four sons, Trey, Jason, Garth and Tyler Wilkins; and nine grandchildren.
He was predeceased by a sister, Jane Gifford, who died in 2008.
Funeral services will be held Feb. 4 in Wichita, followed by another event Feb. 6 in Washington, D.C.
In lieu of flowers, memorial donations may be made to the Wilkins Family Foundation Inc., 302 North Rock Road, Suite 200, Wichita, KS 67206.
Quattlebaum Funeral, Cremation & Event Center handled arrangements
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I'm never alone with me, myself, and I.
Can you believe it's midweek already? The days are flying by. I've been feeling a little lonely lately. Probably because a lot of my friends are away on holiday. Since I haven't seen many friendly frog faces recently, I was excited to have my teacher and friend, The Dharma Frog, come this morning for my weekly lesson. I had the meal prepared, the table set, and the tea steeping by the time he arrived. I was so overcome with joy at seeing him that I immediately gave him a big hug. "Dharma, my wonderful teacher! I'm so happy to see you. Won't you please sit down and enjoy the delicious breakfast I've prepared?" "Uh, Irwin," he responded, "Are you okay? It's not like you to be quite so enthusiastic this early in the morning." "Yes, Sir, I am okay. Now that you're here. You see, all my friends have gone on vacation and I'm feeling a little lonely. I'm extra happy to have you here. Please. Go ahead. Enjoy your meal." I continued to fuss over my friend as he poured out tea.
"Tadpole, everyone experiences loneliness sometime during their life. And a frog's sense of loneliness changes over time. I believe that is true for humans, as well. The worst thing about a frog's loneliness, Irwin, is that it brings him face to face with himself. Often we don't like being along with ourselves. Frogs and humans, too, are social animals, This means that when we find ourselves isolated, for whatever reason, we become lonely. Loneliness ebbs and flows, almost in a predictable way, as we go through life. And, interestingly enough, we tend to feel loneliest when we are young and then again when we are old. Among those two "high-risk" groups, as much as one-quarter of them say they feel lonely on a regular basis. Maybe, my boy, I can help you understand why you feel lonely now that your friends are away, and it might you deal with your isolation a little bit better."
Dharma explained that much of loneliness is only perceived loneliness. One frog can feel lonely when his friends are on holiday and another frog may be happy to have more time for himself. All this means is that loneliness is subjective. Frogs and humans alike tend to be lonelier when they have more distressing and less pleasant relationships, are more dissatisfied with their relationships, or want more time with their friends, But we need to look at our relationships in terms of quality and quantity. What's interesting to note, Dharma said, is that the importance of quality and quantity change at different ages. The quantity of time spent with friends seems to be more important when we're younger, Dharma advised me and, he thought, was the reason I was missing my absent friends so much. But, he assured me, as we age, quality of time spent with friends as well as the quality of our relationships themselves, becomes important. Young humans and frogs want loads of friends and older humans and frogs require fewer friends but want to have deeper, more meaningful relationships with them.
Income, too, can play a role in our loneliness. Both senior citizens and youngster can expect to feel a financial pinch and seem to be okay with it. They share that with their peers. But those in middle age who experience a financial setback or hardship can often feel embarrassed by their lack of money. This causes them to withdraw from their friends and induces feelings of loneliness. These are the times, though, when we most need the company of others, especially those who can understand where we're coming from. Support groups can help.
Whatever the reason for loneliness we can learn to accept it and maybe even appreciate it. Dharma suggested that feelings of loneliness are more bearable when we are okay with who we are. Liking who we are is the key to taming loneliness. If you don't enjoy spending time with yourself, it can be difficult for others to want to spend time with you. Happy, grounded people are just more fun to be with. Me, myself, and I can be a fun group if you take the time to get to know them! Spending time getting to who we really are, what we want out of life, can make time spent alone far more pleasant. Developing interests that don't rely on others...photography, reading, writing, arts and crafts, artistic endeavors...these are all things we can do on our own that help us develop our own sense of who we are. We can use our alone time to grow and develop. Enjoying the company of ourselves is important to feeling fulfilled.
No one lives their entire life without some time spent alone. Liking our own company, finding things to do that interest and stimulate us helps those periods of solitude pass more quickly and even become treasured. We all need to face ourselves sometime. The early we learn to do this, the happier we are as we go through life. And the less likely we are to fear being alone.
I know that Dharma is right. I do miss my friends but I know they're having fun and will be back again soon. As for me, I have many interests and hobbies and it's time I dusted off one or two of them and spend some quality alone time with myself doing something I really enjoy. Loneliness is never fun, especially if it's prolonged. But understanding why we get lonely and knowing how we can be okay with it when it does happen, is the key to beating the blues.


text:
Mayor of Tonawanda bans trucks from Young Street Bridge
The decision comes after three tractor trailers crashed into the bridge in just three weeks.
Author: Jackie Roberts
Published: 11:07 PM EDT March 14, 2019
Updated: 11:07 PM EDT March 14, 2019
TONAWANDA, N.Y. — Not once ... not twice ... but three times a tractor-trailer got stuck while trying to pass under the Young Street Bridge.
Neighbors in the City of Tonawanda called for action after.
In response, Mayor Rick Davis issued an executive order banning all trucks from using a section of the street near the CSX overpass.
"It's not just putting up signs in a certain spot. They're placed at a position where the drivers will have an out to get off that roadway," explained Capt. Fredric Foels of the Tonawanda Police Department.
The mayor asked the police to step up patrols in the area and implemented a zero-tolerance policy.
People who live near Young Street said they're relieved city leaders are taking their concerns seriously.
"I'm glad to see that even though it may not be fully their responsibility, they're making the effort to try to make it better," said Kristen Jopp, a Tonawanda resident.
But, the ban isn't necessarily off to a great start.
An owner of a business next to the bridge caught footage on her security camera of a semi truck approaching the bridge, then driving in reverse down Young Street.
That happened just a few hours after the restrictions were put in place.
For now, the mayor and the city police are evaluating the success of the ban, hoping for a long term solution.
"This is gonna be a wait and see. We're gonna see what happens and the mayor has indicated that. We're gonna try this through his executive order and see if that will alleviate a lot of the truck traffic on the section," said Capt. Foels.
More on WGRZ.com
Truck loaded with Pringles smashes into bridge in Tonawanda
Another tractor-trailer hits Young Street bridge in Tonawanda
For 3rd time in 3 weeks, tractor trailer hits Young Steet bridge in Tonawanda


NewTek Discussions > LightWave 3D Support > LW - Feature Requests > I hope this is fixed in LW8 !
View Full Version : I hope this is fixed in LW8 !
I HOPE this is FIXED in LW8!!!
according to Paul Devebec, this happens when a complete 360 degrees is not created in the lightprobe. this implies that LW is not getting the full 360 while generating a lightprobe. So, should be simple to fix, eh?
I've been trying for some time to work around this issue, and it's a royal pain (as in, impossible, practically speaking). Shouldn't have to, this should work, as the whole process is being generated within LW.


The third capability area is that of Deployment. Deployment deals with the act of actually putting the changes into a given target environment. It is not prescritive of how this happens. Many shops mechanically deal with deployment via their provisioning system. That is obviously a good thing and an efficiency gain by removing a discrete system for performing deployment activities. It is really a best practice of the most mature organizations. However, this taxonomy model is about identifying the capabilities needed to consistently apply changes to a whole application system. And, lets face it, best practices tend to be transient; as new, even better, best practices emerge.
Additionally, there are a number of reasons the capability is included in this taxonomy. First of all, the framework is about capabilities rather than technologies or implementations. It is important to be deliberate about how changes are deployed to all environments and simply because some group of those changes are handled by a provisioning tool does not remove the fact that not all are covered nor does it remove the fact that some deliberate work is expended in fitting the changes into the provisioning tool's structure. Most provisioning tools, for example are set up to handle standard package mechanisms such as RPM. The deployment activity in that scenario is more one of packaging the custom changes. But the provisioning answer is not necessarily a solution for all four core areas of an applpication system, so there needs to be a capability that deals generically with all of them. Finally, many, if not most, shops have some number of systems where there are legacy technical requirements that require deployment to happen separately.
All of that being true, the term "Deployment" is probably confusing given its history and popular use. It will likely be replaced in the third revision of this taxonomy with something more generic, such as "Change Delivery".
The sub-category of Asset Repository refers to the fact that there needs to be an ability to maintain a collection of changes that can be applied singly or in bulk to a given application system. In the third revision of the taxonomy, it is likely to be joined by a Packaging sub-capability. Comments and thoughts are welcome as this taxonomy is evolving and maturing along with the DevOps movement.


text:
Сайлоны () — вымышленная кибернетическая цивилизация, воюющая с человеческими Двенадцатью колониями Кобола в вымышленной вселенной телесериала «Звёздный крейсер "Галактика"». Сайлоны являются единственным врагом людей. Природа и происхождение сайлонов принципиально отличается между собой в разных вариантах сериала Галактики (1978—1980 и 2003—2009 годов). Однако в обоих случаях присутствуют такие понятия как «рейдер сайлонов» (космический истребитель), «базовый корабль сайлонов» и «сайлон-центурион».

Оригинальный сценарий
Сайлонами в сериалах 1978—1980 годов на самом деле оказываются не «механические железяки», которых показывают на протяжении всех серий. Это была древняя развитая раса рептилий, создавшая роботов (которых стали называть так же, как и их создателей — сайлонами) для собственных нужд и нужд своей империи, а также в качестве военной силы, призванной защищать население. Такая трактовка впервые была представлена в фильме 1978 года (ближе к концу второй части), когда Апполо рассказывает Бокси о природе сайлонов. В эпизоде «Война богов» в частной беседе с таинственным и могущественным графом Иблисом граф Балтар также упоминает, что узнал голос своего собеседника и вспоминает о Лидере Империи (), о котором шла речь в начале сериала. На что Иблис отвечает, что вероятнее всего, тысячи лет назад сущность Лидера Империи была «транскрибирована» (считан генетический код) и запрограммирована в механическое тело.

Один эпизод из последующего сериала «Галактика 1980» показывает сайлона в виде гуманоида, однако в отличие от подобных моделей в ремейке, это не органическая, а полностью механическая конструкция.

Сценарий ремейка
Сайлоны в мини-сериале 2003 года и последующем полноценном сериале-ремейке фундаментально отличаются от сайлонов оригинального сериала. В новой версии сайлоны были созданы людьми, как рабочие роботы и солдаты. Как и в оригинальном сериале, сайлоны уничтожают большую часть человеческой цивилизации, за исключением выживших, находящихся на нескольких космических кораблях в глубоком космосе. Также, в отличие от оригинального сериала, в ремейке присутствуют двенадцать моделей сайлонов, внешне ничем не отличающихся от людей. Кроме того, одновременно с гуманоидными моделями существуют и механические модели — центурионы, часть которых похожа на центурионов оригинального сериала. Большинство технологий сайлонов основываются на биоинженерии и/или синтетической биологии. Люди пренебрежительно называют сайлонов «тостерами» или «утюгами». Название «Сайлон» () происходит от словосочетания «Единица кибернетической жизненной формы» ().

В противоположность причинно необоснованного геноцида в оригинальной версии сериала, в ремейке религия стала важнейшим мотивом для расы сайлонов. Они исповедуют монотеизм и рассматривают человечество, как грешное и ошибочное творение Бога, а потому не имеющее права на выживание.

Первые серии сериала «Каприка» раскрывают, что основу разума колониальных сайлонов разработала Зоуи Грэйстоун, которая создала собственный аватар (виртуальную копию самой себя), но позже погибла в теракте, который устроил её одноклассник Бен. Даниэль Грэйстоун — отец Зоуи и глава высокотехнологичной корпорации — вкладывает этот аватар в одну из первых моделей боевого робота. Хотя Зоуи, как и Бен, были последователями монотеистической философии «Единого Бога» (организация «Воины Единого Бога»,  — в мире сериала это секта, вступающая в противовес широко распространённому на колониях политеизму, в основе которого обыгрывается древнегреческая мифология), по ходу развития сюжета видно, что основным мотивом сайлонов истребить человечество была не только религия, но и собственно отношение людей (в том числе отца Зоуи) к сущности «искусственного интеллекта».

В 4-м сезоне «Галактики» люди и сайлоны совместно находят Землю (Тринадцатую колонию), которая стала безжизненной вследствие войны между древними гуманоидными сайлонами и созданными ими центурионами 2000 лет назад. В свою очередь древние сайлоны когда-то были созданы людьми на Коболе (планете, где зародилась человеческая цивилизация), покинув его 4000 лет назад и обретя новую родину на Земле. Пять героев сериала, считавших себя людьми, оказываются «возрожденными» древними сайлонами, тем самым усиливая лейтмотив ремейка: «Всё это было и повторится вновь».

Гуманоидные версии сайлонов
Единица (модель под именем «Джон-Кэвил»): Как правило, показаны в сериале как резиденты, искусные манипуляторы и координаторы других сайлонов. Ненавидит своё человекообразное тело и его «слабое» восприятие окружающей среды. Амплуа: священник.

Двойка (модель — «Леобен Коной»): Для копий этой модели характерна заинтересованность в осмыслении идей Бога, любви и философии бытия, о чём они неоднократно высказываются в разговорах с другими персонажами сериала — Биллом Адама и Карой «Старбак» Трейс. Амплуа: контрабандист оружия, радиотехник.

Тройка (модель — «Д´Анна Бирс»): Модель склонна к лидерству и неповиновению большинству, одержима раскрытием тайны создания сайлонов, за что весь модельный ряд был законсервирован по настоянию Единиц («Вознесение», #3.12). Последняя копия Диана, восстановленная восставшими Двойками, Шестерками и Восьмёрками, осталась доживать своё оставшееся время на тринадцатой колонии Земля, бывшей колонией древних кобольских сайлонов. Амплуа: журналистка.

Четвёрка (модель — «Саймон О´Нилл»): Этот модельный ряд сайлонов не демонстрировал в сериале военных навыков, преимущественно выступая в роли медицинских и технических работников. Амплуа: врач.

Пятёрка (модель — «Аарон Дорал»): Сайлоны этой модели проявляли себя в качестве исполнителей «грязных дел» — шпиона (мини-сериал), смертника-боевика («Лакмус», #1.6) и следователя («Сопротивление», веб-эпизоды). Амплуа: PR-менеджер.

Шестёрка (модели — «Каприка», «Джина», «Натали», «Соня»): Первоначально использовалась как агент влияния при должностных лицах. Одна из них — Каприка — ответственна за уничтожение системы обороны 12 колоний. Модельный ряд раскрыт наиболее широко: представлены различные характеры, с выраженными индивидуальными особенностями. Амплуа: программист.

Семёрка (модель — «Дэниел»): Внешний вид не известен. Наиболее творческая натура среди всех сайлонов. Весь модельный ряд был полностью уничтожен Единицами из-за ревности задолго до гибели Двенадцати колоний («Выхода нет», #4.17).

Восьмёрка (модель — «Шэрон Валери»): Наиболее противоречивая и импульсивная модель среди сайлонов. Основной характер, Шэрон Валери, была разделена на две личностные копии — «Бумер» (внедрена как «спящий агент») и «Афину», которые избрали противоположные стороны в войне сайлонов и людей. Афина — единственная из сайлонов, кто смогла родить ребёнка (девочку Геру) от человека (Карла «Хило» Агатона). Амплуа: пилот.

Критика и отзывы

Журнал «Мир Фантастики» поставил сайлонов на 8 место в списке «10 человеко-компьютерных конфликтов».

Примечания

Литература

Ссылки
  Старые «Сайлоны» на Battlestar Wiki
  Новые «Сайлоны» на Battlestar Wiki
  Battlestar Galactica на IMDb

Звёздный крейсер «Галактика»
Вымышленные разумные расы
Персонажи-роботы

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Did you know that 35-50% of cancer deaths in the US are due to a poor diet?
Namely, not eating enough plants and greens.
Can extracts and supplements partially cover or even replace eating whole, real foods? What does the science say?
I'm pretty serious about getting the right plant foods into my system daily, when not fasting or doing other experiments.
Epic name right? Complicated doesn't get done consistently, so easier is better. This makes my food choices for fast meals at home and at lunch buffets stupidly simple.
As a bonus, the darker, the better.
Dark and bitter = more nutritional goodness and more useful plant compounds in each bite.
Think kale and Brussels sprouts vs in a street fight against a pale bunch of salad you can see through and a potato that tastes like water. Which gang would you bet on?


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text:
H.S. SLATE
Plymouth 43, Kingswood 29
Laconia 49, Kennett 42
Milford at Kingswood, 7 p.m.
Laconia at Stevens, 7 p.m.
Kingswood at Kennett, 7 p.m.
Winnisquam at Belmont, 7 p.m.
Inter-Lakes at Franklin, 7 p.m.
Gilford at Prospect Mountain, 7 p.m.
Moultonborough at Woodsville, 7 p.m.
Newfound at Berlin, 7 p.m.
Plymouth at Laconia, 7 p.m.
Souhegan at Plymouth, 6 p.m.
Hollis/Brookline at Franklin, 6 p.m.
St. Thomas at Newfound, 6 p.m.
John Stark at Winnisquam, 6
Franklin at Newmarket, 7 p.m.
St. Thomas at Kingswood, 7 p.m.
Laconia at Pembroke, 7 p.m.
Newfound at White Mountains, 7 p.m.
Merrimack Valley at Plymouth, 7 p.m.
Prospect Mountain at Inter-Lakes, 7 p.m.
Portsmouth Chrstn. at Moultonborough, 7 p.m.
Saturday, December 8
Milford at Franklin, 10 a.m.
Plymouth at Con-Val, 9 a.m.


text:
Posted by shuttle On April 9, 2019
CITY OF INDUSTRY, Calif., April 9, 2019 —Shuttle Computer Group, Inc., one of the world's leading designers of small form computers, will be demonstrating an entire security ecosystem at ISC West, the largest security industry trade show, April 10-12, at the Las Vegas Convention Center, in booth #20120. The system connects Shuttle's IPS (Indoor Positioning System) and IP Camera/FR Edge computer engine with its SZ270R8 server to create a secure end-to-end facial recognition and person/item location tracking system.
"Shuttle is combining the best small form factor computers with our world-class facial recognition products to create everything you need to create a secure location and/or track people or inventory," said Robert Garcia, channel manager, Shuttle Computer Group, Inc. "They can be white labeled or sold as branded, so integrators have a choice in how to best present their solution."
Locate employees, patients, products, and more with Shuttle's IPS, which includes a credit-card shaped beacon that can be carried or worn connected to a gateway receiver. Enabled by a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) platform, the IPS offers an energy-efficient, easy to install security solution. The beacon transmits a signal to a receiver via Bluetooth which simultaneously passes real-time position records to a server; management software enables movement analysis for improved time management and security.
IP CAM and FR Edge
The new IP Cam and FR Edge create a formidable facial recognition system that recognizes specific faces; facial characteristics; multiple faces, even when walking by; gender; and age, within 0.2 seconds. The camera detects 70 facial feature points (eyes, eyebrows, mouth, nose, face contour, etc.) with an allowed comprehensive head rotation of ±15 degrees of in-plane rotation, ±10 degrees out-of-plane rotation.
The Shuttle FR Edge (FR engine) is a computing system that processes captured data and auto-syncs real-time face recognition images against a stored database for blacklist/whitelist management. In case of emergency, the system can run detection and recognition while off line and auto-syncs to the server once the network restored.
The IPS and IP Cam/FR Edge ecosystem can be used to control access to restricted areas; create safer environments; and gain valuable analytical insight in a myriad of vertical applications:
Corporate and Schools: track employee and visitor movement;
Medical/Elderly care: monitor patient and staff movement or lack thereof;
Factory/Warehouse: follow staff productivity and product inventory flow;
Retail: gender/age specific targeted marketing and ads;
Museum: auditory and visual exhibits can turn on and off automatically.
The IPS and IP Cam/FR Edge are currently available separately or integrated; each comes with a three-year limited warranty on parts and labor.
About Shuttle Computer Group
Shuttle Computer Group is the North American subsidiary of Shuttle Inc., a publicly traded company established in 1983. Shuttle specializes in small form factor PC hardware for gaming; streaming; digital signage, point-of-sale (POS), and interactive kiosks in the retail, restaurant, food service and hospitality industries; as well as motherboards and bare bones systems.
For more information, visit https://us.shuttle.com. or call 1-888-972-1818.
Intel and Celeron are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation; HDMI is a trademark of HDMI Licensing. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Shuttle Showcases POS, Kiosk and Digital Signage at the National Restaurant Association Show
Shuttle Computer Group Introduces K15RK01 & K15WL01 Versatile, High-Traffic Kiosk Computers
Shuttle Computer Group Announces Small, Powerful, Versatile DS20U Series
Shuttle Unveils Industry-Leading New Products and Solutions at CES 2013
Rugged, Industrial, Modular Box PC by Shuttle Excels in Harsh Environments


An auto coating instead of paint that is similar to the baked-on Teflon finish and texture on a T-fal fry pan, tuned up for application onto large automotive surfaces. In addition to being a vehicle you could wash with a high-pressure hose, no detergent, no wax, no chamois, the texture may be more aerodynamic than a perfectly smooth surface, as has been found in submarine hulls.
Any hard coating will have serious problems in an accident: even with preplanned break zones you're going to have some VERY hard and sharp extra bits flying about.
I like the idea anyway.
^Teflon's not a hard coating, that I've noticed.
It's a good'ish idea but is the substance in question up to the wear'n'tear ?
I've wondered for a while why cars aren't Teflon coated. It's not that heavy (and car paint can be heavy anyway) and it seems durable from scratching. Maybe it wouldn't hold up to UV light, rain and wind well enough. You could also make the body panels out of Dyneema, which is just as slippery as Teflon, but that would be a bit expensive.
Take a key to the bottom of your frying pan and you will no longer wonder. Teflon's durable, but it's not _that_ durable.


text:
Q: HAProxy add HTTP response headers to the stats pages Is it possible to somehow add arbitrary HTTP response headers to the "stats" pages in HAProxy?
haproxy version 1.7.x.
Regular stats setup:
listen view
    bind *:10002
    stats enable
    stats uri /
    stats hide-version

Customizing and trying to add headers makes no difference.
This does not work, i.e. no X-Frame-Options header is added to the response:
listen view
    bind *:10002
    rspadd X-Frame-Options:\ SAMEORIGIN
    stats enable
    stats uri /
    stats hide-version

Nor does this work:
listen view
    bind *:10002
    http-response set-header X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN
    stats enable
    stats uri /
    stats hide-version

The exact same parameters in a "regular" listen block works like a charm.

A: stats apparently aren't processed by http code, so http-request don't work. It even has its own stats http-request with very limited functionality (https://cbonte.github.io/haproxy-dconv/1.7/configuration.html#4.2-stats%20http-request).
Putting proxy in front of it should work:
frontend stats
        bind *:1936
        http-response set-header test test
        use_backend stats

backend stats
        server foobar 127.0.0.1:1937

listen realstats
        bind 127.0.0.1:1937
        stats enable
        stats uri /
        stats hide-version

Tested on haproxy 2.1, by it should work for 1.7 as well.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Tax Rule Will Slash Covered Call Volumes
The U.S. options market is bracing itself for a drop in the number of fund managers executing covered calls because of a change in the tax law.
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Robert Willens, a tax and accounting analyst at Lehman Brothers, said investors selling in-the-money qualified covered calls can no longer receive a 15% dividend tax rate. He thinks volumes will drop next year and is telling derivatives professionals to expect the change. "They must be aware that it's not fund driven but tax driven," he said, adding the law's impact will be substantial.
The tax change came into force as part of the Jobs Creation Act, which was introduced in late October. Since the rule change, Willens has noticed both corporate and individual investors turning their interest to preferred stocks because of their relatively high dividend. "This is probably as good of an alternative as I can think of," he said, adding that investors he deals with have been eager to maximize their dividend income.
For yield investors, preferred stocks are the way to go, noted a new product developer at another major bank. But the yield on preferred margins will lower as more investors buy, he said. Investors who want to own stock and who are looking to pick up extra yield may opt to reformat their options, he said, writing them slightly out-of-the money for a lower premium. "There was no warning they were going to enact something like this," Willens added.


The Sporran, the only pocket your kilt has.
The word sporran is derived from the Gaelic word for purse.
And as the name suggests that's exactly what it is.
As the traditional kilt doesn't have any pockets, it's a very important accessory to the kilt.
Some believe (and its quite feasible) that it derived from the medieval belt-pouch.
But of course it is not only functional, but also decorative (in the case of the dress sporran, often highly decorative) and as a very important part of the Highland Dress, it should be given due consideration before deciding which one is right for your kilt. The functional aspect is clear, you need somewhere to keep your wallet(pocketbook), mobile phone etc. But it is the decorative aspect that I find more appealing.
Basically there are three different varieties, one for day wear, one for semi dress and one for formal wear.
The day wear one is usually a simple brown or black leather purse with little adornment, often with three leather tassels and Celtic knots embossed into the leather. And it could certainly be argued that it is more practical than decorative.
The semi dress version is naturally more decorative, with a lot more tooling of the leather and often chrome work incorporated into the design.
The dress version on the other hand is highly decorative, and is normally a little larger than the other two.
It is usually made from animal skin (I would like to point out that it is not made from endangered species) and has more often than not a chrome, or in the case of a really expensive one a silver cantle.
The cantle can be decorated with many different Celtic designs, and it trims the top. The face is made of animal skin as are the tassels.
Below is a photo of my dress version, which I trust will give you an idea of how they look.
There is actually a forth one which deserves a mention, although not one that you yourself would wear unless you are in a military pipe band.
The military versions are often flamboyant, designed to give the piper's outfit that extra sense of style. They are normally made with long horse hair, that swishes from side to side as the piper marches.
And if you have ever seen a pipe band marching, as I'm sure you have, you will know what a wonderful spectacle it is.
The sporran is worn on a chain, hanging a bit below the belt buckle. The buckle is often decorated to match the design on the cantle, and also the Sgian Dubh.
During a wedding reception or dinner dance, or any other occasion where dancing takes place, it is normal to slide it over onto your hip, therefor allowing you to dance closer to your partner without it getting in the way.
As always I hope I have answered all your questions on this particular aspect of Highland Dress, but if not then please feel free to contact me using the "Contact Us" page on the navigation bar, I look forward to hearing from you.


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text:
Pennsylvania's Capitalist Revolt
"Place before the eyes of men a position of POWER that shall at the same time be a place of PROFIT, and they will move heaven and earth to RETAIN it."
— Benjamin Franklin, 1787
The former Speaker of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives is in jail.
He shares a cell with — a former Speaker of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives.
One is a Democrat. One is a Republican.
Nothing like a bipartisan jail cell. And these two — Democrat Bill DeWeese and Republican John Perzel — are not the only Pennsylvania legislators to be either now in the hoosegow or on their way, fresh convictions in hand.
The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania is in trouble. And Pennsylvania's capitalists are in open revolt.
Specifically, they are banding together under the banner of a group they are calling the Citizens Alliance for Pennsylvania — CAP. (CAP's website can be found here.) And CAP is now roaming the state with all the subtlety of Allied forces storming the beaches of Normandy on D-Day.
Their target?
What CAP calls the "bi-partisan collusion of career politicians, labor unions and trial lawyers that has mired the Commonwealth in corruption and economic stagnation."
Can you say "Wisconsin"?
The labor unions in question are, but of course, precisely the same as they were in the Wisconsin showdown. Public employee unions. All of which were given collective bargaining rights in Pennsylvania in the way back of 1968 — under a Republican governor. (You know — that old moderate GOP shamble kinda thing.)
What really fries the shorts of CAP members is the aforementioned "collusion" they see between both parties, the kind of thing that can end up with two Speakers of the House — one from each party — sharing a cell in the Big House.
How in the world did a state where a citizen legislature created in 1776 — as CAP says "replete with term-limits, part-time work status, and modest compensation" — work its way into a situation where there are not only no term limits but where a former Senate Democratic Leader (yes, he too now in the hoosegow) can get a $330,000 a year pension? With that ex-senator not being alone in the pension goods department?
Answer: Pennsylvania has been driven to this point because of what CAP calls the "Iron Triangle" of career politicians, bureaucrats, and lobbyists. Lobbyists in particular for those public employee unions and the trial lawyers bar.
Make no mistake here.
CAP, while not affiliated with the Tea Party, is channeling precisely the same kind of outrage from a growing number of Pennsylvanians, in this case all of it targeted to state government. If one were to find an analogous group at the federal level it might better be the Club for Growth. A group, coincidentally, once chaired by onetime businessman and now Pennsylvania's conservative Republican U.S. Senator Pat Toomey. CAP is channeling the same outrage that has made neighboring New Jersey Governor Chris Christie so popular, and fueled the high ratings for governors like Indiana's Mitch Daniels, Louisiana's Bobby Jindal, and Wisconsin's Scott Walker.
What brought CAP to life in the first place is perhaps as interesting a tale as the stunning successes it has already had in its short, three-year life span.
In the wee hours of July 5, 2005 — 2 a.m. to be precise — the Pennsylvania legislature voted its members a salary increase that ranged, depending on the legislators length of service, from 16% to 34%. Hearings on this? Nope. Debate? Nada. "To add insult to injury," CAP members still fume a full seven years later, in a clear violation of the Pennsylvania Constitution the boys and girls in the state legislative playpen could start picking up their checks, well, pronto.
Can you say "backlash"?
Like a Fourth of July fireworks display, the state of Pennsylvania erupted. The move was on — on the spot — to repeal the pay raise. Not only did the repeal succeed, but a bipartisan wrath began shaking both political parties to their foundations. In the following year's legislative elections some 17 legislators went down to stunning defeats, including the State Senate's President Pro Tempore and its Majority Leader. Both men were Republicans — and they were taken down by anti-pay raise Republicans in a primary, the challengers winning the follow-up November election.
Two years after the pay raise fury another storm hit Harrisburg. "Bonusgate." This time it involved the discovery that the leadership of the General Assembly's four legislative caucuses — one caucus for each party in each chamber — had been caught, in CAP's indignant words, "using millions of dollars in taxpayer money to get lawmakers re-elected." Five legislators and over a dozen staffers were sent to the slammer — and yes, this is how two Speakers of the House from different parties wound up as cellmates.
By now, people who ordinarily spent their lives making a living in the private sector were beginning to steam. There they were, busting chops to create businesses only to find that their tax dollars were going to all manner of cozy financial arrangements for the Harrisburg political class. Eight of the top ten PACs (Political Action Committees) in Pennsylvania politics were extensions of either Big Labor or the trial bar. Together the total for the twenty largest labor and trial bar PACs was almost $30 million. The score for the capitalists? The business community? A mere $2 million. Happy campers the Pennsylvania entrepreneurial community was not.
If Pennsylvania was being run by a collusion of public employee unions and trial lawyers, the light went on that once upon a time this had not always been so.
My home state has had a long and honorable capitalist history since its inception as a land grant from King Charles II to William Penn. The King named the then-British colony (over Penn's embarrassed objections) "Penn's Woods" — Pennsylvania. And in these woods, capitalism blossomed, playing a central role in Pennsylvania and American history.
Perhaps the most famous entrepreneur in the state's early history was the poor but ambitious 17-year-old youth who arrived from his native Boston by sloop in early October of 1723. In Ben Franklin's pockets, writes biographer Walter Isaacson, were "nothing more than a Dutch dollar and about a shilling in copper." Plus "three puffy rolls" purchased along the way, two of which young Ben gave away to a mother and child he had met on his journey.
The state is, of course, eternally identified with the American Revolution. It was in the Pennsylvania State House in Philadelphia — now famous as Independence Hall — that the Declaration of Independence and the United States Constitution were crafted. Both with the guiding hand of the by-now hugely successful capitalist Mr. Franklin. And Franklin, by the way, had also served as a member of the Pennsylvania General Assembly and Speaker of the House, albeit it under the Royal government before the Revolution.
Unlike DeWeese and Perzel, Franklin managed to avoid going to jail.
The man who decided enough was finally enough is, ironically, a former state legislator himself.
But a career legislator John Kennedy was not (and no, he's no relation to those Kennedys of Massachusetts). This John Kennedy is a thorough-going capitalist. An up-by-his-bootstraps railroad builder who served four two-year terms in the House and departed, Kennedy talks lovingly of CAP's mission in Pennsylvania as what he calls "an American project… rebuilding America's First House." Which, among other things, means the considerably hard job of changing the state capital's legislative culture.
Tracing the history of the Pennsylvania General Assembly from its beginning — which is to say out from under the Royal thumb in 1776 through its emergence in 1790 as a bicameral legislature and on to its current status of 203 House members and 50 senators, Kennedy pulls no punches:
"What we have here is a General Assembly that's been built up over 45 years to be maybe the most expensive, perhaps at times the least effective. And certainly, most recently we put 12 or 14 former members, two Speakers who are actually either going to jail or in jail because of the process that developed. It worked well for the professional politicians, not so well for the taxpayers."
That, he says, is what CAP is all about.
Fair enough. But as any American activist can attest, beyond the stated goal in a political venture of this size and scope is the rocky road to achievement. Taking on that "Iron Triangle" is no small thing.
There is that need for what the legendary late Speaker of the California House Jesse Unruh called "the mother's milk of politics" — money. Not to mention candidates, issue focus, and all the nitty-gritty in the down-to-earth day-to-day of politics.
CAP, to the surprise — and anger — of its critics, is getting the job done. In fact, the reason the three-year old group has critics in the first place is that it has made an impact.
To start they have had Scott R. Wagner.
Scott Wagner is a capitalist. An enthusiastic entrepreneur. A job creator.
This is the kind of guy who has been at the center of the storm over President Obama's gaffe-that-really-wasn't-a-gaffe about small business owners not creating their own business — the "someone else did that" routine.
Wagner begs to differ. After allowing that he respects the office of the presidency, Wagner pulls no punches whether the topic is the President, state government, or the 13 attorneys.
The 13 attorneys? What's up with that?
You guessed it. Here is a man who founded his first business when he was 20, turning his passion for skiing into a ski shop. Working night and day, he began adding rental properties and Laundromats. By 1985 he began a waste company, developed it in 12 years, sold it — and had so much fun he did it again, starting in 2000.
In 2000, Wagner began Penn Waste. Contrary to the impression left by President Obama, Mr. Wagner has built his business into a considerable success without the President's input. Respectfully, he calls Barack Obama "totally clueless," the presidential socializing profits routine leaving Wagner feeling "insulted." Wagner notes crisply that it was he who has "borrowed, leveraged and worked 100 hour work weeks" to build a company that now employs 300 people as it provides waste disposal services with 100 trucks in six Pennsylvania counties. All told, Scott Wagner is involved in 9 different businesses, directly or indirectly employing over a thousand people.
And the 13 attorneys.
By now you can imagine. Scott Wagner is awash in government regulations — and he needs to retain 13 outside attorneys just to figure out how to satisfy bureaucrats he says make a profession not of helping entrepreneurs but of finding something they are doing wrong. Then fining them for it. And by the way, put Scott down as highly skeptical that bureaucrats are even capable of holding a job in the private sector.
In other words, Scott Wagner was one frustrated Pennsylvanian. Fed up.
CAP was his kind of deal.
And Scott wasn't alone. He is one of several capitalists who banded together to form CAP.
They include among others Frederick Anton, the longtime president of the Pennsylvania Manufacturer's Association. PMA has had a long and distinguished 103-year old history in Pennsylvania as an advocate for free market economics. In fact, the history of PMA itself is reflective of the once formidable role capitalism played inside a state filled to overflowing with capitalists in businesses like steel, banking, railroads, lumber, and oil. PMA was founded in 1909 by a Bucks County textile manufacturer named Joseph R. Grundy. Befitting a state with such a heavy manufacturing presence, the influence of PMA and the capitalists it represented was considerable. At one point — in 1929 — Grundy himself was appointed by the governor to fill a vacancy in the United States Senate.
As time wore on, however, PMA and capitalism in general began to see its influence wane as the power of public employee unions and trial lawyers — the very targets today of CAP — began to surge.
But as is true with other states — like Wisconsin and its recent battle royal with its public employees — the fruits of the union/trial lawyer alliance eventually began to sour. So many legislators from both parties were in hock to unions like PSEA (the Pennsylvania branch of the National Education Association) and the SEIU (Service Employees International Union) that, combined with the abandonment of a part-time legislature and the increasingly generous pensions legislators were giving themselves — rebellion began to brew.
Anton himself is directly responsible for the resurgence of PMA, restoring it to a free-market prominence that resonates with its storied history. He is a leading mover not only in CAP but the conservative Pennsylvania Leadership Conference, a CPAC-esque group that has become an annual magnet for conservative leaders and free-marketeers within the state at its annual meeting, drawing nationally renowned speakers including Newt Gingrich, Bill Bennett, the late Robert Novak, Laura Ingraham, Ann Coulter, Lynn Cheney and Frank Luntz.
Also involved in CAP are business leaders Anson Flake, the CEO of HydroWorx; and Rob Reeves, the CEO of E.A. Reeves and Associates.
Put another way than a list of names, Pennsylvania's capitalists have had enough. In a state that once upon a time was identified with capitalists like H.J. Heinz, Andrew Carnegie, Thomas Mellon and his Coolidge-era Secretary of the Treasury son Andrew, the decision was made to start bringing back an old tradition of a state devoted to pro-employer and pro-taxpayer policies. To zero in on what had become words-that must-not-be-mentioned in a state that had slid into the clutches of the "Iron Triangle." Words like "Right-to-work," "tort reform," "school choice," and — gasp! — the elimination of property taxes. Last but certainly not least are those once cherished three words that are now making a huge comeback: the free market.
With the group organized, CAP launched on its task: taking on the Iron Triangle.
In quick succession:
· CAP defeated the trial lawyers attempt to pass a bill requiring insurance companies involved in car accident cases to award unlimited bucks for "pain and suffering." CAP made the case that the bill — sponsored by the Republican Senate Majority Leader — would hike car insurance premiums by some 20%. How did CAP make its case? By running $25,000 worth of radio ads in five districts represented by GOP Senators. Once getting the message, taxpayers were furious — and the bill went nowhere.
· Jumping into a 2010 House race against Republican incumbent Karen Beyer from Allentown, CAP found a young conservative named Justin Simmons to oppose the liberal Beyer. Once again, CAP took to the radio, going after Beyer for what was tagged as her liberal "pro-union" tax-and-spend record. In an upset, Simmons defeated Beyer and now sits in the House. And Beyer? She is working for… wait for it… the SEIU.
· In the fall of 2010 CAP endorsed and funded eight "conservative reform" candidates for the House. Every one of them won.
Now, here's the latest eye catcher. One that reminds of various national races such as the one that up-ended Indiana's longtime GOP U.S. Senator Richard Lugar with Tea Party favorite Richard Mourdock.
In this case the Lugar role was played by 34-year incumbent State Rep. Rick Geist from Altoona. (Full disclosure, I first met Rick Geist when he was young legislator and like him. But the point CAP was raising up there in the distant precincts of Altoona was not about Rick's likeability — anymore than Indiana voters were judging the eminently likeable Lugar's.) Geist, like Lugar, had a senior role in the House — in Geist's case as Chairman of the House Transportation Committee. The post, once an asset, was now seen as a liability. Not to mention that Geist had voted both for the infamous pay raise and a bill increasing legislative pensions. And proudly nominated John Perzel for Speaker in January of 2007 — that being the Republican now ex-Speaker who has been sharing a cell with the Democrats' ex-Speaker. To make matters worse, CAP was targeting Geist for his opposition to school vouchers, right-to-work, and unemployment compensation reform. The portrait CAP presented to voters was of Geist as the Harrisburg "old bull." Mr. Anti-Free Market. Mr. Anti-Capitalist. Mr. Insider.
To oppose Geist they selected a conservative outsider named John McGinnis, spending $30,000 on the race. McGinnis, 58, is an Associate Professor of Finance at the Penn State-Altoona campus, had never run for office, and promised not to take the legislative per diem, the legislative pension, or any automatic pay raises the legislature might vote on.
The race was almost identical to the Lugar-Mourdock race. The GOP Establishment rallied to Geist — and he lost.
But it's the aftermath of the Geist-McGinnis race that has illustrated CAP's core complaint about the Iron Triangle and the reign of insiders.
Once victorious, a Republican nominee is invited to meet with the House Republican Campaign Committee. In the case of McGinnis, the group had rallied to incumbent Geist's side, throwing in what McGinnis says was between $20,000 -$30,000 to "demonize" McGinnis personally as opposed to debating agendas. In theory, the HRCC should now be rallying to the winner — McGinnis. Instead, the opposite. McGinnis is, he says, "uncomfortable" working with the HRCC –and the two may well go their separate ways.
This story is almost an exact replica of reports from across the country in 2010 with Establishment GOP groups. The National Republican Senatorial Committee repeatedly stepped into this trap, most famously endorsing Florida Governor Charlie Crist (ironically a native of Altoona, Pennsylvania whom McGinnis remembers) over Marco Rubio. These types of interference in local primaries infuriated the GOP base. Rubio, of course, not only trounced Crist he won the general election going away and is now on Mitt Romney's vetting list for vice-president.
After endorsing the Establishment's Congressman Mike Castle over Christine O'Donnell in Delaware, O'Donnell trounced Castle. And just as the HRCC is making life difficult for McGinnis, the NRSC did the same with O'Donnell after she won her primary –then lost the general.
The point here is that CAP has now quite effectively stepped into the breach in these kind of situations. Supporting the challenges to incumbents like Geist in Altoona or Beyer in Allentown. Even if the HRCC is not there for McGinnis in November — CAP will be. CAP is here to stay — whether taking on everything from legislation on car insurance to a teachers strike in suburban Philadelphia. (In the latter case, CAP ran a full page add in the local paper listing the salaries and benefit packages of every single teacher, as we reported here. The outcome not reported? The strike folded within hours of the appearance of the CAP ad.)
State Representative Steve Bloom of Cumberland County is a CAP-supported legislator. Says he about the fact of his CAP support:
"I've certainly gotten my share of flack (inside the House) for accepting CAP's endorsement — and support. Locally I've even had some GOP moderates demand that I renounce CAP. But while I don't always agree with CAP on every race they have gotten involved in — and sometimes I don't — I do appreciate CAP's overall mission to support candidates like me who are committed to restoring economic freedom, limited government and personal responsibility."
Bloom also notes that for decades the Left has exerted a tight discipline on liberal legislators — specifically public sector unions. And that outside of the NRA this has not held true for conservatives. "Conservatives should be conservatives," Bloom says, "and they should govern that way." He thinks CAP can help exert more discipline for legislators who campaign as conservatives but then change once elected.
To talk to Scott Wagner in the wake of all this is to realize the sheer anger that is in fact rolling across not only Pennsylvania but all of America. All these state legislators want to do, scorns Wagner, is get elected — and re-elected. That's it, that's the agenda. Why? Because the legislature, says Kennedy, has become the embodiment of Ben Franklin's warning about people in a position of power who can profit from that power wanting, endlessly, to retain that power.
They want the pension — something, by the way, that is lower than it might be today because as a state legislator in 1983 Kennedy personally put a halt to a proposed increase.
They want the salary — close to $80,000 a year.
They want the per diem — between $154-$163 a day — which in turn can add up and effectively becomes a second income stream.
For entrepreneurs like Wagner and Kennedy and the PMA's Anton — this is no longer acceptable.
CAP has now emerged as an increasingly formidable political force in Pennsylvania. They are determined to restore the role — and the clout — capitalists once held in a state whose famous capitalists range from old Ben Franklin to the boy pickle peddler H.J, Heinz to the Scottish and Irish immigrants Andrew Carnegie and the Mellons. Not to mention PMA founder Joe Grundy.
It's a long haul. The grip of public employee unions and the trial bar is extensive. The Iron Triangle is a bipartisan affair. Even now, says Wagner, with a GOP governor, Senate, and House, nothing has changed.
Unless, of course, CAP has fought for that change.
But both Kennedy and Wagner make it plain: CAP is in this for the long haul.
Thirteen attorneys working for Scott Wagner are thirteen too many.
For the first time in some five decades of Pennsylvania politics, CAP is asking the question once posed by Ronald Reagan:
"If not us, who? If not now, when?"
Follow Their Stories:
Jeffrey Lord, a contributing editor to The American Spectator, is a former aide to Ronald Reagan and Jack Kemp. An author and former CNN commentator, he writes from Pennsylvania at jlpa1@aol.com. His new book, Swamp Wars: Donald Trump and The New American Populism vs. The Old Order, is now out from Bombardier Books.


text:
Eric Osborne (* 25. Februar 1997 in Oshawa, Ontario) ist ein kanadischer Schauspieler und Musiker.

Leben und Karriere
Osborne wurde im Februar 1997 in Oshawa in der Provinz Ontario geboren. Die Familie zog nach Newcastle, wo Osborne aufwuchs.

Von Juli 2013 bis Juli 2015 hatte Osborne die Rolle des Miles Hollingsworth III in der kanadischen Jugendserie Degrassi: The Next Generation inne. Nach der Einstellung von Degrassi: The Next Generation übernimmt Osborne dieselbe Rolle in der Fortsetzung Degrassi: Die nächste Klasse. Die Fernsehserie ist seit Januar 2016 auf Netflix abrufbar.

Neben der Schauspielerei ist Osborne auch als Musiker unterwegs.

Filmografie
 2013–2015: Degrassi: The Next Generation (Fernsehserie, 50 Episoden)
 2016–2017: Degrassi: Die nächste Klasse (Degrassi: Next Class, Fernsehserie)
 2019: Ticker Than Water (Fernsehfilm)
 2021: Night Raiders

Weblinks

Filmschauspieler
Kanadier
Geboren 1997
Mann


text:
Beth Kirkham
Our sweet, gentle mother, Beth Manning Kirkham, left this earth to join her sweetheart Bob on Sunday, February 2, 2007 of causes incident to age. Beth was born October 27, 1920, in Murtaugh, Idaho, to David Henry and Elizabeth Thompson Manning, the
Eugene Randall
Centerville, Utah. Our loving husband, father, grandfather, great grandfather, and brother, Tom Randall passed away peacefully on November 22, 2007 from respiratory complications. Tom was born September 14, 1919 in Centerville, Utah to Alfred and Ad
Vivian Freeman
Vivian Trine Freeman 1916 - 2007 Bountiful?Vivian Trine Freeman passed away peacefully, with her loving daughter, Carol at her side, on Thursday, November 22, 2007, at home in Bountiful, Utah, at the age of 91. She was a dedicated, talented, c
Carol Sampson
Carol Bradshaw Sampson 1917-2007 Carol Sampson, age 89, passed away peacefully November 21, 2007 in Bountiful, Utah with her daughters at her side. She was born Dec. 13, 1917 in Hurricane, Washington Co., Utah, the first of four children of Hyrum
Josephine Johnson
Josephine Jensen Johnson, 89, passed away peacefully at her home in Bountiful, Utah, November 6th, 2007 surrounded by her family. She was the youngest of seven children born to James Peter Jensen and Lettie Marinda Stevens on September 24, 1918 in S
Jesse Turner
Mary Jensen
Mary T. Jensen 1921 ~ 2007 FARMINGTON- Mary T. Jensen, age 86, passed away on Thursday, November 1, 2007 at her home in Farmington, Utah. She was born January 9, 1921 in Manhattan, New York to Percy and Lucy Snyder
Helen Marceli
Helen Mary Yost Marceli died Tuesday, October 30, 2007. She was born to Leopold A. Yost and Adele Josephine Pudil Yost on August 2, 1916 at the Presidio, San Francisco, California. She married Walter Marceli in the Fort Douglas Chapel on August 1, 1
Fay Ericksen
Fay Adkins Ericksen, age 86, passed away in Bountiful October 27th 2007. Born November 25th, 1920 in Smith?s Ferry, Pennsylvania to Roy Lee and Glennie Marie Sperry Adkins, she grew up along the shores of the Ohio River in East Liverpool; an area t
Lydia Littleford
Lydia Atkin Littleford, 90, of West Bountiful, Utah, passed away Saturday, October 27, 2007. She was born March 21, 1917 to Lydia Tuttle and Willard G. Atkin in Tooele, Utah. She grew up in a large family learning to work hard and love the gospel. L
Carl White
Carl White, Born March 9, 1921, 86, passed away on Oct.23, 2007, surrounded by his loving family. Carl loved building and was well known in the local area for building some of the first campers. He was a POW in WWII having been shot down over
Carl Larson
Carl Harold Larson left this life peacefully on October 22, 2007. He was born in Ogden, Utah, March 14, 1918 to Edit and Carl Larson, both who had emigrated from Sweden to the United States. He married Grace Obray on May 10, 1941. Harold was a quiet
George Tripp
With a life well lived, George William Tripp, died on October 16, 2007, in Bountiful, Utah. George was born on March 24, 1920, in Denver, Colorado to George Enoch and Bertha Nelson Tripp. He married Evelyn Helen Wintch, his precious woman, July 7,
Heber Davis
Heber J. Davis 1/8/1920 - 10/15/07 Salt Lake City - Heber Jedediah Davis 87 passed away quietly Monday October 15, 2007. Heber was born in Deep Run, North Carolina January 8, 1920 to Albert George and Veva Mae Davis. Heber served in the armed forc
Barbara Nebeker
Barbara Farnes Nebeker of Bountiful Utah peacefully entered eternal rest on October 14, 2007 at the age of 89. As the beloved matriarch of her family, she was preceded in death by her husband Ernest Harry Nebeker and her daughter Barbara Joyce Hark
June Hood
June P. Hood, of Sunset, Utah, passed away on October 6, 2007. June was born on October 5, 1917 to Joseph H. and Rozina Winegar Parkin in Woods Cross Utah. She married Gordon Hood on September 11, 1944 in Salt Lake City, Utah. Later solemnized in th
Glen Behling
On September 24, 2007, Glen Johnson Behling of Bountiful, Utah, slipped peacefully from this mortal sphere to his Heavenly Father and hosts of waiting loved ones; and with his passing went ?a mighty warrior in the kingdom of God.? He was born April
Earl Wright
Earl Nephi Wright passed away on September 23, 2007, in Layton, Utah of natural causes. He was born on February 20, 1916 in Utahn, Utah to Owen Uriah Wright and Eliza Matilda Casper. He married Sadonia Larsen in the Salt Lake Temple on August 15,
Ivan Jensen
The winter of 1915 in Brigham City brought unusual amounts of snow, an influenza outbreak and in the wee morning hours of January 29, Ivan O Jensen. Ivan was born to Orville and Cleopha Jensen. He is the brother of Matilda Camille Larsen and Carolyn
Carl Kamerath
Carl Edwin Kamerath passed away September 2, 2007 in Vancouver, Washington. He was born in Salt Lake City on August 17, 1918 to Hermann and Augusta Wunderlich Kammerath. He attended local schools and was a graduate of East High. He married Alice
Willora Herzog
Willora Kerr Herzog, 86, peacefully passed from this life to join her husband and family members September 1, 2007. She will be deeply missed by her family and friends. She was the daughter of Frank and Anna Lindstrom Kerr, born March 1, 1921, in
Ira Newsome
Ira Angus Newsome - one of the kindest, gentlest, most patient souls you would ever have the privilege to know - died in his sleep August 20, 2007. He was 94. Born in Salt Lake City on April 15, 1913, Ira was the eldest child of William Angus Newsom
Walter Wanberg
Walter Elmo Wanberg Returned with Honor Our hero, father, grandfather, great-grandfather and friend, Walter Elmo Wanberg, age 88, died August 16, 2007 of old age among those who loved him. He was born April 7, 1919 in Midvale, Utah, the
Floyd Larson
Floyd Rasmus Larson, 91 died 15 August 2007 in Bountiful, Utah. He was born 15 December 1915 in Ephraim, Utah to Rasmus Christian Larson and Elvena Nicolena Jenson. He had 4 brothers and 3 sisters who all preceded him in death. On 4 February 1941
Roy Manning
Roy William Manning age 89 passed away peacefully in his home in Bountiful on August 4th, 2007. He was born in Farmington Utah. He served in World War II as an aircraft mechanic. He retired from Hill Air Force Base in 1980. He was active in the


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