Life is full of surprises – some are greatly anticipated and exciting, while others can cause shock and disbelief. Even while it is difficult to be fully prepared for these changes and challenges, there are things you can do to ensure your birth certificate and other vital documents are kept safe and secure. Let's look at some different scenarios and situations, below, which you could experience during your lifetime.
1. Natural Disasters – From floods, hurricanes, and tornadoes to earthquakes and fires, Mother Nature can throw us a curve ball from time to time. You can store important documents, paperwork, and birth certificates in a portable fire-proof safe, like the one you may have had at your university, and which is also waterproof. Another option is to store them in a safety deposit box at your bank or credit union.
Moving – People move all the time, and things tend to get misplaced and sometimes lost during moves. Prior to moving, ensure all important paperwork, birth certificates, and so on are gathered together and put into a portable tote, safe, or an accordion file. Never pack this with your other belongings, but, rather, keep it separate and move it yourself.
Heading off to University – During your time at college, you will need to have access to your birth certificate, social security card, passport, and other documents. Prior to starting school, invest in a small, lockable, and fire-proof safe you can store under your bed or in a closet.
Marriage – When you get married, you will want to gather together both your own and your new spouse's important documents and keep them all in one location for safe keeping.
Traveling Abroad – While visiting foreign countries, you will need your passport and other essential documents. Make sure to keep these safe at all times by securing them in the hotel's safety deposit box, renting a safety deposit box from a bank, or in a small and secure document holder you can keep with you at all times.
Once you have everything gathered, another useful tip is to make digitalized copies of each document, birth certificate, social security card, etc. You can take pictures using a camera or your smartphone, or use the scanner on your all-in-one printer. However, just make sure to store the electronic files on an external device you can put in your personal safe or bank safety deposit box.
Aside from these types of events, there can be times when documents accidently get misplaced or lost. You may encounter this while initially trying to gather your items together. Getting replacement driver licenses, passports, and social security cards requires having a copy of your birth certificate. If you have lost your birth certificate, too, you can get a birth certificate online, quickly and easily, from Fast Birth Certificates. For more information or assistance, contact us using our online form or call us at (415) 528-2585 today!


text:
class VineCourtEvent < ActiveRecord::Base
  #belongs_to :vine_case, :inverse_of => :vine_court_events

  def vine_case
    VineCase.where("vine_cases.locn_code = ? AND vine_cases.case_num = ?", locn_code, case_num).first
  end

  def court_code
    locn_code
  end

  def case_number
    case_num
  end

  def party_number
    party_num
  end

  def birth_date
    vine_case.birth_date
  end

  def appear_time
    time
  end

  def court_room
    room
  end

  #def search_result
  #  {
  #    "court_code": court_code,
  #    "court_type": court_type,
  #    "case_number": case_number,
  #    "party_number": party_number,
  #    "defendant_first_name": first_name,
  #    "defendant_last_name": last_name,
  #    "defendant_birth_date": birth_date,
  #    "appear_date": appear_date,
  #    "appear_time": appear_time,
  #    "hearing_code": hearing_code,
  #    "court_room": court_room
  #  }
  #end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home › RED SUEDE LEATHER DOG COLLAR - RED DOG COLLAR
RED SUEDE LEATHER DOG COLLAR - RED DOG COLLAR
COLLAR WIDTH 1" 1 1/2" 2" 3"
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The 2" collar that is shown on the picture is handmade with super soft suede leather sewn on top of black Napa Latigo leather. Nickle plated chrome buckles and hardware are riveted in with heavy duty press. You may choose a different color hardware from the drop down. This collar has the leash ring on the back so it shows off the entire collar when you walk your dog.
WE LOVE MAKING THE BEST COLLARS FOR YOUR DOG AND HERE'S WHAT MAKES US THE BEST
Every leather collar goes through dozens of steps to ensure a dog collar that will withstand whatever your dog throws at it.
.Each collar handcrafted from start to finish
.Collar edges are beveled waxed and slicked for a nice smooth finish
.Industrial sewing machine used on suede, ostrich, alligator and snake skin collars
.Personalization is available on any collar
.We always bring in new leathers and designs
.Thousands of designs and endless possibilities
.Collar is Made in USA
.Heavy duty press sets all rivets
.Most collars ship within a week
.Napa leather is world famous for the quality, durability and softness
.Made with LOVE

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Some items
to consider
TROUBADISC
<!- December 2018 -->
colourful imaginative harmony
Renate Eggebrecht violin
Leticia Gómez-Tagle
Chopin, Liszt, Scarlatti
Guillaume LEKEU
Book 1 Book 2 Book3
Mota The Triptych: -Website
Acte Prealable returns
with New Releases
Shostakovich 6&7 Nelsons
Verdi Requiem Thielemann
Marianna Henriksson
An outstanding recital
Arnold Bax
Be converted
this terrific disc
John Buckley
one of my major discoveries
François-Xavier Roth
A game-changing Mahler 3
Bryden Thomson
Vaughan Williams Concertos
RVW Orchestral
alternatively AmazonUK AmazonUS
Franz Joseph HAYDN (1732-1809)
String Quartet op.3/5: 2. "Serenade" (arr. Tilling) [03:07] [actually by P. Roman HOFFSTETTER (1742-1815)] (1)
Divertimento for Orchestra no.3 [11:46] (2)
The Old Austrian People's Hymn (arr. Tilling) [01:21] (1)
Variations in F minor [15:48] (3)
Symphony no.94 in G – "Surprise": 2. Andante [07:08] (4)
Symphony no.104 in D – "London" [29:40] (5)
Graunke Symphony Orchestra/Kurt Graunke (1), Little Orchestra of London/Leslie Jones (2), Richard Tiling [or Tilling?] (piano) (3), Salzburg Mozarteum Orchestra/Hans Natievsky [or Matievsky?] (4), London Philharmonic Orchestra/Sir Adrian Boult (5)
no rec. info
SOUNDS OF EXCELLENCE PLATINUM 05122 [68:09]
Well, this is a funny sort of disc. I suppose it's not really the kind of release that usually gets into a critic's hands at all, but my curiosity to hear Boult conducting Haydn led me to request it.
You will see from the cover scan that the selling-point is the "Surprise" Symphony. If you buy it for that without looking at the details on the back you'll be in for a surprise when you get home, and not the one Haydn intended – only the slow movement is included!
If the idea was to introduce newcomers to the genius of Haydn, it would have been a good idea to start with something he really wrote. It was back in 1965 that Alan Tyson revealed that the op. 3 String Quartets were really the work of Hoffstetter and most recording companies have caught up with the news by now. While they were thought to be by Haydn this serenade was one of "his" most popular works and many people believed it to be a charming piece of music. Then it turned out not to be by Haydn and of course this meant that it was a rubbishy thing, not worth hearing at all. Those uninfluenced by the name of the composer might enjoy hearing it again, played in the old-fashioned way by a string orchestra. There's lots of affectionate tonal shading of the sort that people used to think beautiful until Historically Informed Practice came along to teach them it wasn't. Volume 13 of the Sounds of Excellence "200 Greatest Classics" series has this same recording under Hoffstetter's name, by the way, so it's not as if they didn't know.
The Divertimento in F is a slightly specialized choice for the context, but it will certainly alert newcomers to Haydn's exploration of unusual sonorities, especially in the first movement. It is well played and the recording is pleasant and clear. The three movements are given a single track. Leslie Jones and the Little Orchestra of London were familiar figures on the recording scene in the 1970s. They set down, among other things, a much-praised set of the Haydn London Symphonies and were the first to record Beethoven with scaled-down forces – Symphonies 1 and 8 on Unicorn. Their recording of the complete Haydn Divertimenti op.31 on two Oryx LPs – 1740-1 – was advertised in the October 1972 Gramophone and I presume this is the source for the present disc.
The "Old Austrian People's Hymn" turns out to be the theme – without the variations – as it appears in the "Emperor" quartet. The transcription is a straightforward one for strings with some alterations to the cello part. It is played slowly and reverently, not really like a national anthem.
Kurt Graunke is a name that often crops up in these cheap reissues. Born in 1915, he founded the Graunke Symphony Orchestra after the Second World War and conducted it until 1989, when it became the Munich Symphony Orchestra. He composed 9 symphonies and did much film work, including some Walt Disney productions. A keen cyclist, he took part in a senior cycling contest at the age of 76. He died in 2005.
The name of Richard Tiling produces nothing of interest to the Googler unless he needs his floor redone, but Richard Tilling has quite a few discs to his name, including one dedicated to Chopin and various odds and ends in the "200 Greatest Classics" series ranging from Mozart to Satie. He is presumably also the arranger of the Serenade and Austrian Hymn. Or maybe not. This is evidently a pretty old recording, since headphone listening reveals a heavy LP surface – and some clicks towards the end – which has been de-noised fairly ruthlessly. Inevitably, the sound is synthetic and not very pleasant but the performance is straightforward and sympathetic. Any German reader with information about Tilling is invited to write to the bulletin board. In the November 1972 Gramophone Oryx announced the UK issue of the complete piano music of Haydn played by Artur Balsam and deriving from the Musical Heritage Society of New York. I have never heard these.
The only result of a Google search for Hans Natievsky is the present recording, but Hans Matievsky is more productive. An Oryx LP, no.17 in the Basic Record Library, had the Salzburg Mozart – not Mozarteum – Orchestra under Matievsky playing the Surprise Symphony – all of it – plus the Trumpet Concerto with André Barraud and the Italian Overture, whatever that is. This was advertised in the February 1974 Gramophone. I take it Platinum have information that the actual Salzburg Mozarteum Orchestra was playing out of contract under a very thinly disguised pseudonym. As for Matievsky, your guess is as good as mine. The same team also recorded some Mozart, including two violin concertos with Tibor Varga, who was certainly real. Some of these Mozart performances have also resurfaced from Platinum. This single movement is played cleanly, seriously and unimaginatively.
You may be wondering by now if the Boult 104th is really his, but I think it is. It's certainly by a conductor with firm ideas and no concern for scaled-down sonorities. There's a sense of romantic awakening in the introduction and the Allegro begins very gently with an almost Elgarian nobility. The slowish tempo soon comes into its own since the violins are really digging into their faster figuration. Boult's keen rhythmic sense ensures that, while it may be majestic, it is never heavy. Here and in the slow movement he really sees that all Haydn's surprising harmonic twists register. The Minuet and Trio has a glorious Ländler-like swing. The finale is again slowish. The drone bass at the beginning is made to sound ominous, but there is soon a feeling of jubilation and I seemed to see Brueghel's peasants dancing.
For a comparison I first tried Mögens Wöldike, a version that must be about contemporary under a conductor noted for his Haydn. He certainly provides a more bracing sort of energy at brisker tempi. He was less noted for his poetry and the slow movement seemed a bit plain beside Boult. Beecham's LPO recording certainly could not be found plain. He is more concerned with elegance, his minuet evoking periwigged aristocrats. It is obviously very fine given its point of view.
Beecham was synonymous with Haydn for many British music lovers from the 30s to the early 60s. Michael Kennedy's biography of Boult contains no reference to this recording and very few to his conducting Haydn at all. He did, however, include this symphony in a tour of Germany by the LPO in 1951. I get the idea his Haydn was potentially of more importance than his Mozart, which is slightly better documented. I don't say he would have been better than Beecham but he could certainly have offered a very interesting alternative. He leaves you in no doubt that this is important music.
I suspect the recording may come from about the same time as the 1957 Vanguard Beethoven sessions, some of which have also appeared on Platinum. Like them, it's in good enough stereo to show the violins all on the right, unusually for Boult, and the reverberation period is similarly long.
As I said, this is a funny sort of record, but Boult collectors will want to hear the symphony and if they think they are buying only that, they should find added value at least in the Divertimento.
Christopher Howell
Return to Review Index


text:
2019-10-11 Boundary Stone
Culcheth-Kenyon Boundary Stone in Brosely Lane.
20191011 CLHG Boundary stone Grade II listed Culcheth-Kenyon ODT.
https://mapservices.historicengland.org.uk/printwebservicehle/StatutoryPrint.svc/534464/HLE_A4L_Grade|HLE_A3L_Grade.pdf
A member Culcheth Local History Group has successfully obtained a Grade II listing for the Culcheth-Kenyon Boundary stone marker on Brosely Lane on left hand side of road going from Culcheth to Kenyon, just after junction with Brosely Avenue.
OpenStreetMap has been edited to include this feature,
Copy of Official Listing
Parish Boundary Stone, Broseley Lane
Location Description:
On the west side of Broseley Lane (B5207), Culcheth, Warrington, approximately 42.5m north-west of the junction with Broseley Avenue.
Broseley Lane, Culcheth, Warrington, WA3 4BG
© British Crown and SeaZone Solutions Limited 2019. All rights reserved. Licence number 102006.006.
The above map is for quick reference purposes only and may not be to scale.
For a copy of the full scale map, please see the attached PDF - 1464173 .pdf (opens in a new window)
The PDF will be generated from our live systems and may take a few minutes to download depending on how busy our servers are. We apologise for this delay.
This copy shows the entry on 11-Oct-2019 at 16:21:42.
Warrington (Unitary Authority)
Culcheth and Glazebury
SJ6467395863
Boundary Stone, early C19 or earlier.
Reasons for Designation
The Parish Boundary Stone, Broseley Lane, Culcheth, is listed at Grade II for the following principal reasons:
Architectural Interest: * it dates to the early C19 or earlier and there is a general presumption that all surviving pre-1850 parish boundary stones should be listed;
* it survives intact in its original position, with a legible inscription, and includes a non-vertical bench mark that adds to its special interest.
Historic Interest: * the stone is a tangible reminder of the delineation of the limits of parochial jurisdiction during the early C19.
The boundary stone is considered to be at least early C19 in date, and to mark the parish boundary between Kenyon and Culcheth, which followed the course of the now culverted Jibcroft Brook. It is depicted on the first edition 1:10,560 Ordnance Survey map, surveyed between 1845 and 1847, and continues to be shown on later editions in the same position as today. The parish boundary was originally marked along its length by a number of boundary stones and posts, of which at least one other is known to survive, situated in a wall adjacent to Boundary Cottages, Wigshaw Lane. The boundary stone was also used as an Ordnance Survey bench mark and is depicted as such on the 1893 1:2,500 Ordnance Survey map. The stone has suffered some minor damage from mowing machines.
MATERIALS: sandstone, painted.
DESCRIPTION: the boundary stone is set on the west verge of Broseley Lane. It has a similar appearance to a small milestone, standing approximately 0.35m high, with a triangular section and a flat top. The latter is inscribed with a non-vertical bench mark symbol. The rear panel is plain, the southern panel is inscribed: BOUN/ CULCHETH and the northern panel is inscribed DARY/ KENYON; the inscription BOUN and DARY forming the word: BOUNDARY. The stone is painted white and all lettering is black.
Geograph - SJ6494: Cut Mark Boundary Stone Wigshaw Lane, accessed 18 April 2019 from https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/4726854
End of official listing


Maintenance of a profitable livestock industry depends upon efficient animal reproduction. Diseases that interrupt pregnancy are very costly, and control measures cannot be devised until the cause for the reproductive loss is accurately identified. However, identifying the cause for abortion in agricultural animals is a diagnostic challenge for clinicians and laboratory diagnosticians alike. The efficiency of diagnosing abortions in laboratories around the world varies widely, at best 30-40% of fetal submissions result in a successful abortion diagnosis.
abortion results from an event that occurred weeks to months earlier, and the cause is not present at the time of abortion.
the fetus is often retained for days or weeks after death and is expelled in a state of advanced postmortem autolysis, making lesion identification difficult.
the placenta, which often harbors valuable diagnostic information, is often not available for examination.
toxic, nutritional, hormonal, and genetic causes of abortion are often not detectable in fetal tissues.
Despite the above limitations, abortion diagnosis can be attained by knowledge of herd husbandry (primarily nutrition and environment), thorough sampling for laboratory examination, and utilization of current laboratory technology, such as PCR and immunohistochemistry, which can greatly aid the accuracy and rapidity of diagnosis. However, the cornerstone of consistent abortion diagnosis will continue to be close cooperation among livestock managers, clinicians, and laboratory diagnosticians to uncover all clues that may lead to a specific diagnosis.
The basis for bovine and ovine abortion is diverse and includes genetic, thermal, nutritional, toxic and infectious causes. By far the greatest proportion of diagnosed abortions fall into the infectious disease category, and recent technological advances in laboratory diagnosis are heavily biased toward identification of infectious agents. Because of the importance of either "ruling in" or ruling out" infectious causes of abortion, the linked guidelines will focus primarily upon investigation, sampling, and laboratory examination to identify infectious abortifacient agents.


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Los Angeles, together with population of more than 12 million men and women, and an area with an array of different entertainment important joints, residential properties and other companies, this area does need a fast and reliable dumpster support. This is because it has to serve their residents and business which are in the area. On top of that, with such some sort of population, you realized the dumpster hobbyists to have a wide range of work to perform.
Some dumpsters, which enable for blended material utilize, are not granted in all says. Recycling reusable materials is now an art form. Who'd have thought that a Waste Bin in Baden, PA can make this all far more easy? When you pick a Waste Bin in Baden, PA company, support options change, so sift through them and work out the top one for you. Enable one company do the many "legwork" and then supply you with the most more efficient option and finest deal there may be.


Great location downtown within walking distance to major venues.
Marshall Hotels & Resorts Inc. assumed the management of the Radisson Hotel – Gateway on Dec 1, 2011. Upon takeover of this asset we found many Radisson standards not in place, cost controls were ineffective and the property needed significant capital. Marshall Hotel & Resorts oversaw a multi-million dollar improvement plan including upgrades to the restaurant, guest elevators and common areas. Marshall Hotels brought in a new leadership team, focused on guest satisfaction and QA scores. We renegotiated all existing contracts and lowered expenses. Instituted cost management procedures, developed and executed a comprehensive strategic sales plan and applied aggressive revenue management strategies.


text:
Q: Linking Isolated AD Domain Forests My company manages a number of on-premises Windows Server environments for our customers. For the purpose of this question, these environments consist of a primary domain controller, secondary domain controller, and a WSUS. Each of these environments were created in isolation by other IT service providers, as such are in their own domain forests. See illustration below:

However, this isolated architecture that we have inherited creates a substantial overhead for helpdesk and on-site staff. We are contracted to provide on-site services, manage the customer's updates (via WSUS), maintain the customer's active directory policies (in order to reflect industry best practice), and carry out basic active directory administration.
What am I trying to achieve? In a word 'cascade', I want to define one set of active directory policies and then have them cascade down to the customer's domains, I want help desk staff and technicians to be able to sign-on using a common active-directory account, I want to push updates from a common WSUS account.
To achieve the above, I could migrate them onto a common domain forest:

However, I want to maintain as looser coupling as possible. On a twelve monthly period, the customer could elect to migrate IT service providers - I would look to extricate them with minimal effort. Inversely, I want to be able to onboard new customers as quickly as possible with minimal impact to their environment. Therefore, I believe an approach based on forest trust relationships would be the best way forward:

What thoughts to people have on the above-proposed architecture? Are forest trust relationships the best way to achieve my aims?

A:
This isolated architecture that we have inherited creates a
  substantial overhead for helpdesk and on-site staff

First and foremost, your clients should be isolated from each other, and from you. The incurred overhead is your cost of doing business. That's what it means to be an MSP.
This as presented is a bad idea. You should not attemp to create Forest/Domain trusts between these clients and you, or between clients. Furthermore, none of these clients should be linked to each other at a network level. If my MSP attempted to do this I would fire them immediately.
This is what RMM's are for. There are a bazillion RMM solutions on the market, such as Kaseya VSA, SolarWinds RMM, Atera, Continuum, Pulseway, Itarian, ConnectWise, etc., etc. You should find one that fits your needs and your budget and use it.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


In 1896, Lyrics of Lowly Life, a collection of Paul Laurence Dunbar's poetry, was published. Although his poem was specifically focused on African American people, in this 21st Century, it is apropos to many. He recognizes the pain many feel about their inability to be "themselves" and if we fast-forward to today, he addresses the masks they wear because they want to hide from themselves.
The poem reads: "We wear the mask that grins and lies; That hides our cheeks and shades our eyes; This debt we pay to human guile; With torn and bleeding hearts we smile; And mouth with myriad subtleties.
Whenever I read this poem I am struck by its poignancy. It recognizes the Black folks who tap danced when they'd rather do ballet, who hid their true feelings to get ahead, who are perceived as happy while "the clay is vile." It doesn't take a historian to evaluate the masks that people of African descent have been forced to wear in these United States.
In the early 20th Century, you could be lynched for looking a White person in the eye. No matter what your status, you were expected to clear the sidewalk when a White person walked by. You weren't supposed to scowl or protest, just to wear the mask.
People wear masks daily, sometimes to reveal who they are, and sometimes to hide their true identity. What does this imply, then, about the White people who think that a blackface mask is appropriate? Too many people, including the obscure and minimally talented actress Julianne Hough, decided to don a blackface for a Halloween party, excusing herself by claiming she was simply going as a character in the show Orange is the New Black. When criticized, she said she was "sorry," but she should have said she was ignorantly sorry, because her historical knowledge is most deficient.
Did she go to anybody's school? Like Hough, those who think that blackface is funny, ignore the demeaning history of blackface caricatures. If these people are wearing a mask, it is a mask that allowed them to hide their racism until they had an excuse to let it show. Then their response is that "it is all in good fun, we meant no harm," or " I never meant to offend." That's the mask of arrogance. The mask of "I'm White, I'm going to do whatever I choose to do," a mask that allows them to ignore common decency.
In 2011, Ohio University started a campaign that suggested that student be mindful of the Halloween costumes they chose. The "we're a culture not a costume" has spread to several universities, but apparently it has not spread widely enough.
Two White men in Florida declared "anything for a laugh" when one, with a "Stand Your Ground" t-shirt (posing as George Zimmerman) seems to be shooting his black faced, hoodie clad White friend who is supposed to be Trayvon Martin. Why is this appropriate or amusing? The arrogance of White people suggests that they can make a joke, and suggests that all people of color are their jokes. The massacre of a young Black man, for them, is not tragedy but an occasion for mockery.
"We wear the mask that grins and lies, that hides our cheeks and shades our eyes." For some, masks are concealing, for others revealing. Those who choose to mute their reaction to a racist world are adapting. Those who think that blackface is appropriate are attacking. It is tragic that at Halloween, a day conceived for children to have fun, has become an occasion for masks that attack, and for those who make excuses for them.


text:
The Economist's new editor
Mar 23rd 2006 |
THE Economist Group's board of directors has chosen John Micklethwait as the 16th editor of The Economist, succeeding Bill Emmott on April 1st.
John Micklethwait was until now the editor of the United States section of the paper; his previous jobs include stints as American business editor, business section editor, Los Angeles correspondent and finance correspondent. He is the co-author, with Adrian Wooldridge, of four books, the latest of which is "The Right Nation: Conservative Power in America". He joined The Economist in 1987, having previously worked at Chase Manhattan bank. He is 43 years old.
Bill Emmott has been editor since March 1993. He announced on February 20th that he planned to step down.
More from Unknown
1843 intern
Job listing: News intern
Job listing: Social Video Producer/Editor
The Economist seeks a producer/editor for its Films unit


text:
NEWS BLOG: Vandals and valedictorians: the School of the Arts incident
by Tim Louis Macaluso
Hearing about the vandalism at School of the Arts, handiwork by mostly school seniors, many of people probably shook their heads and thought, "What can you do? Kids will be kids."
SOTA's principal, Brenda Pacheco, said she was saddened by what appeared to begin as a prank escalated to damaging the school.
But I couldn't help thinking about a young Mexican girl living in Chicago featured on MSNBC's Morning Joe early Monday. Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel, in a conversation about that city's education issues, praised the girl for being the top student in her graduating class. Her parents sell oranges on the roadside in Mexico. Their daughter, however, has seized an opportunity to climb out of poverty. In the fall, she'll join the ranks of freshmen at Northwestern, one of the country's finest universities.
There are children like this young girl in schools all across this country, including here in Rochester. One of the top performing students in city schools this year is a young girl whose family is still living in one of the poorest countries in Africa. She seized an opportunity, too.
Rochester has been struggling to find the key to educational success for its students for years, with little progress to show for it. Our graduation rate lumbers around 50 percent. Still, these young women and thousands of youngsters like them have often experienced poverty and witnessed unimaginable atrocities.
But they recognized the value of receiving a free public education in this country. And their achievements are a stark contrast to so many American students who ignore the opportunities in front of them. While thousands of city students decide not to attend school, there are millions of children around the world that would gladly fill their seats
pranks vandalism School of the Arts


text:
Finless porpoise
Title: Finless porpoise
Subject: List of endangered and protected species of China, Baiji, Porpoise, River dolphin, Wildlife of China
Collection: Animals Described in 1829, Cetaceans of Thailand, Endemic Fauna of China, Fauna of Iran, Fauna of Southeast Asia, Fauna of the Indian Ocean, Megafauna of Eurasia, Porpoises
At the Miyajima Public Aquarium in Japan
Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Suborder: Odontoceti
Family: Phocoenidae
Genus: Neophocaena
Palmer, 1899
Species: N. phocaenoides
Neophocaena phocaenoides
(G. Cuvier, 1829)
Finless Porpoise range
Neophocaena asiaorientalis
The finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides) is one of six porpoise species. Most of the population has been found around the Korean peninsula in the Yellow and East China Seas, although a freshwater population is found around Jiuduansha near Shanghai at the mouth of China's Yangtze River. Genetic studies indicate that the finless porpoise is the most basal living member of the porpoise family.[2]
There is a degree of taxonomic uncertainty surrounding the species, with the N. p. phocaenoides subspecies perhaps representing a different species from N. p. sunameri and N. p. asiaeorientalis.
Internal anatomy 3.1
Diet 4
Behaviour 5
Swimming style 5.1
Reproduction 5.2
Freshwater population 6.1
The Korean communities of the porpoise are sometimes known as sanggwaengi (Korean: 상괭이); the Chinese, particularly the subspecies N. p. asiaorientalis, as jiangtun (Chinese: 江豚, p jiāngtún, lit. "river suckling"); and the Japanese, particularly the subspecies N. p. sunameri, as sunameri (Japanese: 砂滑).
The finless porpoise lives in the coastal waters of Asia, especially around Japan, Korea, China, Indonesia, India, and Bangladesh. Throughout their range, the porpoises stay in shallow waters, up to 50 m (160 ft) deep, close to the shore, in waters with soft or sandy seabeds, or in estuaries and mangrove swamps. In exceptional cases, they have been encountered as far as 135 km (84 mi) off-shore in the East China and Yellow Seas, albeit still in shallow water.[3]
There are three recognised subspecies:[3]
Neophocaena phocaenoides phocaenoides – Persian Gulf to Taiwan
N. p. asiaorientalis – Yangtze River
N. p. sunameri – Taiwan to the East China Sea and southern Japan
A genetically unique freshwater population (N. p. asiaeorientalis) is found in the Yangtze River.[4] At the western end, their range includes the length of the western coast of India and continues up into the Persian Gulf. N. p. phocaenoides has a wide ridge on its back and ranges from Pakistan to the Taiwan straits. N. p. sunameri has a narrower ridge, and is found from Taiwan, north to the Sea of Japan. The population in coastal waters around Japan is geographically isolated by the deep waters between Japan and continental Asia.[1] Vagrant animals can reach the Ryukyu Islands. Finless porpoises are also one of the species protected at Sundarbans National Park.
Two types of finless porpoise inhabit the coastal areas off mainland China,[5][6] the (Penghu Islands), and coastal Vietnam, including Halong Bay. The Matsu Islands are thought to be the northern limit of N. p. asiaeorientalis, and the local population in this area is physically smaller than the other two subspecies.
Size compared to an average human
The finless porpoise is the only porpoise to lack a true dorsal fin. Instead there is a low ridge covered in thick skin bearing several lines of tiny tubercles. In addition, the forehead is unusually steep compared with those of other porpoises. With fifteen to twenty-one teeth in each jaw, they also have, on average, fewer teeth than other porpoises, although there is some overlap, and this is a not a reliable means of distinguishing them.[3]
Finless porpoises can grow to as much as 2.27 m (7 ft 5 in) in length, and can weigh up to 72 kg (159 lb), although most are rather smaller.[3] The flippers are moderately large, reaching up to 20% of the total body length. Adults are typically a uniform, light grey colour, although some may have lighter patches of skin around the mouth, or darker patches in front of the flippers. Newborn calves of the central and eastern subspecies are mostly black with grey around the dorsal ridge area, becoming fully grey after four to six months. However, newborn calves of the western subspecies are a light creamy grey, and become darker as they age.[3]
Adults grow more than 1.55 m (5 ft) in length and up to 30–45 kg (65–100 lb) in weight.
Internal anatomy
Skeleton in the collection of Museo di storia naturale e del territorio dell'Università di Pisa
The anatomy of finless porpoises has been relatively well studied, compared with that of some other cetacean species. For example, the tubercles along the dorsal ridge are known to contain numerous nerve endings that may possess a sensory function. The auditory system also appears well-developed, with numerous large nerve fibres specialised for rapid communication between the ears and the brain. On the other hand, sight is relatively poor, especially in finless porpoises living in the Yangtze River, with a reduced lens and a limited number of fibres in the optic nerve and to the muscles moving the eyes. However, even the vision of these riverine finless porpoises is probably superior to that of the baiji, which once lived in the same river system.[3]
The skeleton is unusually light, accounting for only 5% of the total weight of the animal. There are between 58 and 65 vertebrae, about half of them in the tail, and with the first three cervical vertebrae fused into a single structure. There are ten to fourteen pairs of ribs in the chest, and an additional set of vestigial ribs has sometimes been reported in the neck, in association with the seventh cervical vertebra.[3] There are 44 sets of spinal nerves.[7]
The nasal passage contains nine or ten air sacs, which have a complicated structure, and are capable of sealing off all air within the passage. Behind these are an additional set of vomeronasal sacs.[8] The trachea, however, is short, with only four cartilaginous rings.[3] The stomach has three chambers, there is no caecum, and no distinct difference between the small and large intestines.[9][10]
Finless porpoises are opportunistic feeders using various kinds of available food items available in their habitat, including fish, crustaceans, and cephalopods.[11] They are reported to eat fish and shrimp in the Yangtze River, and fish, shrimp and squid in the Yellow Sea/Bohai area and off Pakistan. In Japanese waters, they are known to eat fish, shrimp, squid, cuttle fish and octopuses. Seasonal changes in their diets have not been studied. They also apparently ingest some plant material when living in estuaries, mangroves, and rivers, including leaves, rice, and eggs deposited on vegetation.
In Chinese coastal waters and the Yangtze River, finless porpoises are generally found in groups of three to six,[12] although aggregations of up to about fifty have been reported.[3] In Japanese waters, groups appear to be smaller, with pairs being typical, and even rare aggregations being no larger than thirteen individuals.[3] Recent data suggest the basic unit of a finless porpoise pod is a mother/calf pair or two adults, and schools of three or more individuals are aggregations of these units or of solitary individuals. Social structure seems to be underdeveloped in the species, and the mother/calf pair is probably the only stable social unit.
Like other porpoises, their behaviour tends to be not as energetic and showy as that of dolphins. They do not ride bow waves, and in some areas appear to be shy of boats. In the Yangtze River, finless porpoises are known to leap from the water and perform "tail stands".[3]
Finless porpoises make both high frequency clicking sounds, and longer, low frequency tones, the latter perhaps being for communication, rather than echolocation.[13] The clicks are narrow-band, with peaks of over 100 kHz.[14]
A new study from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) study that was published in The Journal of Experimental Biology, "highlights the differences in dolphins' ability to hear across species, reshaping the previous 'one-size-fits-all' approach taken on the hearing ability of the cetaceans".[15]
Swimming style
Although they show no acrobatics in the water, finless porpoises are believed to be very active swimmers. They typically swim just beneath the surface of the water and roll to one side when surfacing to breathe. This rolling movement disturbs very little water on the surface, so they are often overlooked when rising to breathe. Surfacing generally lasts for one minute, as they take three to four quick successive breaths, then quickly submerge into the water. They often surface a great distance from the point where they dive beneath the water's surface. Dives lasting over four minutes have been recorded, and a common pattern of behaviour is to take one long dive, followed by two shorter ones.[3]
Breeding occurs in late spring and early summer.. The young are born in spring, summer, or winter, depending on the geographic locality, after a gestation period of ten to eleven months. Newborn finless porpoises are reported to 72 to 84 cm (28 to 33 in) in length.[3][16] Males reach sexual maturity at four to six years of age, and females at six to nine years.[16] Finless porpoises have lived up to 33 years.[3]
It has been claimed that young calves cling to the denticulated area of skin on their mother's back and are carried by her as she swims, but there is no clear evidence of this happening.[3] Calves are weaned at 6–15 months.
The finless porpoise is listed on Appendix II[17] of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS). It is listed on Appendix II[17] as it has an unfavourable conservation status or would benefit significantly from international co-operation organised by tailored agreements.
Since this species remains in coastal waters, it has a high degree of interaction with humans, which often puts the finless porpoise at risk. Like other porpoises, large numbers of this species are killed by entanglement in gill nets. Except for being briefly hunted after World War II due to the lack of seaworthy fishing boats, finless porpoises have never been widely hunted in Japan. It is a species protected since 1930 at the area around Awajima Island, Takehara and this coverage had since been extended to all Japanese coastal waters. The primary danger to the species is environmental degradation. Unlike other members of this family, finless porpoises have lived in captivity for over 15 years.
There are no well-established estimates of the animals' abundance. However, a comparison of two surveys, one from the late 1970s and the other from 1999–2000, shows a decline in population and distribution. Scientists believe this decline has been ongoing for decades, and the current population is just a fraction of its historical levels. Along the southern coast of Pakistan in the Arabian Sea it is declared as an endangered species.
Local conservation groups in Korea, such as at Yeosu, have started campaigning for the protection of the local populations.[18]
Freshwater population
The Yangtze finless porpoise is genetically distinct from seawater populations,[4] with estimated divergence over a million years ago.[19] Due to a rapidly falling population, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species adjusted its conservation status to critically endangered in 2013.[19]
Current conservation efforts were undertaken alongside those for the baiji. In 1990, five Yangtze porpoises were relocated to the Tian-e-Zhou Oxbow Nature Reserve, and now a population of 28 inhabits the lake.[20] In 2006, after the baiji was declared functionally extinct, hydrobiologist Wang Ding stated, "The situation of the finless porpoise is just like that of the baiji 20 years ago. Their numbers are declining at an alarming rate."[21] In 2007, the population was less than half the 1997 level, and was dropping at a rate of 7.3% per year. A 2012 survey indicated the rate of decline had accelerated to 13.7% per year.[22][23]
The Poyang Lake population is threatened by sand dredging, particularly high-density dredging projects, which increase the muddiness of the water, reducing visibility. Frequent ship traffic also hinders hunting and movement from one bank to the other.[24]
List of endangered and protected species of China
^ a b Wang, J. Y. & Reeves, R. (2011). "Neophocaena phocaenoides".
^ Rosel, P.E.; et al. (1995). "Phylogenetic relationships among the true porpoises (Cetacea: Phocoenidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 4 (4): 463–474.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Jefferson, T.A. & Hung, S.K. (2004). "Neophocaena phocaenoides" (PDF). Mammalian Species 746: 1–12.
^ a b Walker, Matt (29 June 2010). "Finless porpoises in China on brink of extinction".
^ Jefferson A.T., Wang Y.J. (2011). ): The existence of two species"Neophocaena"Revision of the taxonomy of finless porpoises (genus (PDF). Journal of Marine Animals and Their Ecology Vol.4, No 1 (2011) (The Oceanographic Environmental Research Society). Retrieved 2015-01-03.
^ Wang Y.J., Yang C.S., Wang L.B., Wang S.L. (2010). ) in areas of sympatry"N. asiaeorientalis and Neophocaena phocaenoides"Distinguishing between two species of finless porpoises (. mammalia. Volume 74, Issue 3, Pages 305–310, ISSN (Online) 1864-1547, ISSN (Print) 0025-1461, doi: 10.1515/mamm.2010.029: The
^ Wu, B. (1989). "Neophocaena phocaenoides"The spinal cord of finless porpoise, . Acta Theriological Sinica 9 (1): 16–23.
^ Gao, G. & Zhou, K. (1989). "Neophocaena phocaenoides"Anatomy of the nasal passage and associated structures of . Acta Theriologica Sinica 9 (4): 275–280.
^ Li, Y.; et al. (1984). ). I. Tongue, oesophagus and stomach"Neophocaena asiaeorientalis"The digestive organs of the finless porpoise (. Acta Theriologica Sinica 4 (4): 257–264.
^ Qian, W.; et al. (1985). . II. Intestines, liver and pancreas"Neophocaena asiaeorientalis"The digestive organs of the finless porpoise . Acta Theriologica Sinica 5 (1): 3–9.
^ Shirakihara, M.; et al. (1992). "Records of the finless porpoise (Neophocaena phoceanoides) in the waters adjacent to Kanmon Pass, Japan". Marine Mammal Science 8 (1): 82–85.
^ Parsons, E.C.M. (1998). "The behaviour of Hong Kong's resident cetaceans: the Indo-Pacific hump-backed dolphin and the finless porpoise" (PDF). Aquatic Mammals 24 (3): 91–110.
^ Wang, D. (1996). "Neophocaena phocaenoides"A preliminary study on sound and acoustic behavior of the Yangtze River finless porpoise, . Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica 20 (2): 127–133.
^ Kamminga, C.; et al. (1996). "Investigations on cetacean sonar XI: Intrinsic comparison of the wave shapes of some members of the Phocoenidae family" (PDF). Aquatic Mammals 22 (1): 45–56.
^ Foley, James A. (21 October 2013). "Study of Yangtze Finless Porpoise Reveals Not All Cetaceans Hear Alike". Nature World News. Retrieved 22 October 2013.
^ a b Shirakihara, M.; et al. (1993). "Age, growth, and reproduction of the finless porpoise, Neophocaena phocaenoides, in the coastal waters of western Kyushu, Japan". Marine Mammal Science 9 (4): 392–406.
^ a b "Appendix II of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS)" (PDF).
^ 황주찬 (2014). "낚시꾼들에겐 찬밥이지만 '귀하신' 몸입니다". Retrieved 2015-01-11.
^ a b Hooper, Rowan (2 July 2013). "World's only freshwater porpoise on brink of extinction". New Scientist.
^ "Scientists Join Hands to Seek the Last Yangtze River Dolphin".
^ "China's white dolphin called extinct after 20 million years".
^ "Rare porpoise halved in six years, endangered".
^ "Yangtze River expedition points to decline of endangered finless porpoise".
^ Zhang, Kejia (9 March 2007). "Poyang Lake: saving the finless porpoise". China Dialogue. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011.
Saving the finless porpoise
WWF species profile for river dolphins
Convention on Migratory Species page on the Finless porpoise
Extant Cetacea species
Infraclass Eutheria
Superorder Laurasiatheria
(unranked) Cetartiodactyla
(unranked) Whippomorpha
Suborder Mysticeti (Baleen whales)
Balaenidae
Balaena
Bowhead whale (B. mysticetus)
Eubalaena
(Right whales)
Southern right whale (E. australis)
North Atlantic right whale (E. glacialis)
North Pacific right whale (E. japonica)
(Rorquals)
Common minke whale (B. acutorostrata)
Antarctic minke whale (B. bonaerensis)
Sei whale (B. borealis)
Bryde's whale (B. brydei)
Pygmy Bryde's whale (B. edeni)
Blue whale (B. musculus)
Omura's whale (B. omurai)
Fin whale (B. physalus)
Humpback whale (M. novaeangliae)
Eschrichtiidae
Eschrichtius
Gray whale (E. robustus)
Neobalaenidae
Caperea
Pygmy right whale (C. marginata)
Suborder Odontoceti (Toothed whales) (cont. below)
Delphinidae
(Oceanic dolphins)
Cephalorhynchus
Commerson's dolphin (C. commersonii)
Chilean dolphin (C. eutropia)
Haviside's dolphin (C. heavisidii)
Hector's dolphin (C. hectori)
Long-beaked common dolphin (D. capensis)
Short-beaked common dolphin (D. delphis)
Feresa
Pygmy killer whale (F. attenuata)
Globicephala
(Pilot whales)
Short-finned pilot whale (G. macrorhynchus)
Long-finned pilot whale (G. melas)
Risso's dolphin (G. griseus)
Lagenodelphis
Fraser's dolphin (L. hosei)
Lagenorhynchus
Atlantic white-sided dolphin (L. acutus)
White-beaked dolphin (L. albirostris)
Peale's dolphin (L. australis)
Hourglass dolphin (L. cruciger)
Pacific white-sided dolphin (L. obliquidens)
Dusky dolphin (L. obscurus)
Lissodelphis
(Right whale dolphins)
Northern right whale dolphin (L. borealis)
Southern right whale dolphin (L. peronii)
Orcaella
Irrawaddy dolphin (O. brevirostris)
Australian snubfin dolphin (O. heinsohni)
Killer whale (O. orca)
Peponocephala
Melon-headed whale (P. electra)
Pseudorca
False killer whale (P. crassidens)
Sotalia
Tucuxi (S. fluviatilis)
Costero (S. guianensis)
Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (S. chinensis)
Atlantic humpback dolphin (S. teuszii)
Stenella
Pantropical spotted dolphin (S. attenuata)
Clymene dolphin (S. clymene)
Striped dolphin (S. coeruleoalba)
Atlantic spotted dolphin (S. frontalis)
Spinner dolphin (S. longirostris)
Rough-toothed dolphin (S. bredanensis)
Tursiops
Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (T. aduncus)
Burrunan dolphin (T. australis)
Common bottlenose dolphin (T. truncatus)
Suborder Odontoceti (Toothed whales) (cont. above)
Monodontidae
Delphinapterus
Beluga (D. leucas)
Monodon
Narwhal (M. monoceros)
Phocoenidae
(Porpoises)
Neophocaena
Finless porpoise (N. phocaeniodes)
Phocoena
Spectacled porpoise (P. dioptrica)
Harbor porpoise (P. phocoena)
Vaquita (P. sinus)
Burmeister's porpoise (P. spinipinnis)
Phocoenoides
Dall's porpoise (P. dalli)
Physeteridae
Physeter
Sperm whale (P. macrocephalus)
Kogiidae
Kogia
Pygmy sperm whale (K. breviceps)
Dwarf sperm whale (K. simus)
Iniidae
Amazon river dolphin (I. geoffrensis)
Lipotidae
Lipotes
Baiji (L. vexillifer)
Platanistidae
Platanista
Ganges and Indus River dolphin (P. gangetica)
Pontoporia
La Plata dolphin (P. blainvillei)
Ziphiidae
(Beaked whales)
Berardius
Arnoux's beaked whale (B. arnuxii)
Baird's beaked whale (B. bairdii)
Hyperoodon
Northern bottlenose whale (H. ampullatus)
Southern bottlenose whale (H. planifrons)
Indopacetus
Tropical bottlenose whale (I. pacificus)
Mesoplodon
(Mesoplodont
whales)
Sowerby's beaked whale (M. bidens)
Andrews' beaked whale (M. bowdoini)
Hubbs' beaked whale (M. carlhubbsi)
Blainville's beaked whale (M. densirostris)
Gervais' beaked whale (M. europaeus)
Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale (M. ginkgodens)
Gray's beaked whale (M. grayi)
Hector's beaked whale (M. hectori)
Strap-toothed whale (M. layardii)
True's beaked whale (M. mirus)
Perrin's beaked whale (M. perrini)
Pygmy beaked whale (M. peruvianus)
Stejneger's beaked whale (M. stejnegeri)
Spade-toothed whale (M. traversii)
Tasmacetus
Shepherd's beaked whale (T. sheperdi)
Ziphius
Cuvier's beaked whale (Z. cavirostris)
IUCN Red List vulnerable species
Articles containing Korean-language text
Articles with unsourced statements from April 2014
Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from July 2013
WorldHeritage articles needing clarification from July 2013
Articles with unsourced statements from November 2009
Cetaceans of Thailand
Endemic fauna of China
Fauna of Iran
Fauna of Southeast Asia
Fauna of the Indian Ocean
Megafauna of Eurasia
Porpoises
Animals described in 1829
Endangered species, Vulnerable species, Carnivora, Least Concern, Phasianidae
Cetacea, Pinyin, Animal, Finless porpoise, Chinese language
Cetacea, Dall's porpoise, Animal, Finless porpoise, Devonian
River dolphin
Cetacea, Baiji, Amazon river dolphin, South Asian river dolphin, La Plata dolphin
Wildlife of China
Beijing, Yellow Sea, History of China, Politics of China, Traditional Chinese medicine


text:
Showing 1,248 news articles about Health problems & ageing
Filters Content type: News Topic: Health problems & ageing
Co-morbidities, health conditions, diseases, opportunistic infections and other clinical problems that sometimes occur in people living with HIV.
Neurological & cognitive problems
Data from routine clinical care shows people with HIV have an increased risk of dementia and that it's diagnosed at a younger age
Meta-analysis finds no real difference in safety and effectiveness between tenofovir formulations
Women with HIV have sixfold increase in risk of cervical cancer
Mental & emotional health & wellbeing
How do men who have sex with men develop resilience in response to HIV?
I'm living with HIV and have had the COVID vaccine
Mental & emotional health problems
Higher rates of psychotic disorders in young adults with perinatally acquired HIV
People with HIV at higher risk of hospitalisation and death from COVID-19, New York study finds
Respiratory problems and bronchitis more common in people with HIV
Ageing & HIV
How should we care for older people with HIV?
HIV is an independent risk factor for smoking-related cancers, especially in women
Reservoirs of HIV-infected cells that can't be reached by antiretroviral therapy associated with an important marker of cardiovascular disease risk
Experiences of stigma
"We forget that we're human. We are. We are human beings": long-term HIV survivors living on society's margins
Weight gain & lipodystrophy
Diabetes drug may aid weight loss in people with HIV
Unstable housing explains higher rates of COVID-19 in people with HIV in San Francisco
Men living with HIV have an approximately 25% lower risk of prostate cancer, says meta-analysis
Drug interactions & pharmacokinetics
Study finds diabetes is associated with a 25% reduction in concentration of tenofovir in blood spot samples, but what are the causes and consequences?
PrEP does not protect against COVID-19 or make the disease less severe
High blood pressure less common in people with HIV in Africa
European AIDS Treatment Group documents the impact of COVID on HIV services throughout Europe
Weight gain after switch to an integrase inhibitor does not boost 'bad fat'
US study shows an increased risk of dementia in men ageing with HIV
Diabetes raises the risk of liver damage in people with HIV
Low CD4 count increased risk of COVID-19 death in US people with HIV
Chemsex & recreational drug use
Crystal meth is the single biggest risk factor for HIV seroconversion among gay men in US study
Cardiovascular disease (207)
Chemsex & recreational drug use (204)
Ageing & HIV (168)
Side effects (159)
Health problems & ageing (127)
Men who have sex with men (MSM) (119)
Delivery of care (110)
Mental & emotional health problems (96)


Meet Sprocket – the newest member of our family. He's an 10 month old Terrier cross (We're not sure what's in the mix!) adopted puppy from Melbourne's The Lost Dogs' Home. Follow along as I share his and my story as a new dog owner learning how to raise a healthy and happy little dog. I'll also be doing regular updates on JOY 94.9′s Pets-A-Loud about my experiences and what I learn along the way.
Our lesson for this Sprocket update? Never leave the cupboard door open.
Our terrier cross Sprocket (the sneaky little bugger) has broken not once, but TWICE into his food and filled his belly up to the point he can barely move. As the months go on we can see more parts of Sprocket's personality and his sneaky side is definitely a feature. We'll be keeping a closer eye on the cupboard door in future! Sneaky is just one trait though – he's a very affectionate pup (sometimes overly!) and loves to lick, lick, lick, lick, lick – particularly first thing in the morning to wake you up. When he's tired he can be a bit of a grump, but loves nothing more than at the end of the day to jump up into your lap, curl up and have a bit of a snuggle and a snooze.
For the first time we've taken Sprocket to try dog dancing (Check out Kevin and Cynder's work here) to see whether it's something he enjoys. We've started teaching Sprocket some fun tricks such as spins and twirls, but what he really loves is standing up on his hind legs. Ever since we taught it to him – it's all he wants to do! At dog dancing we learned about refining our techniques, back leg awareness and some of the basic building blocks that put together a routine. Dog dancing was fun, but because he's still just a puppy he only got a little while in before getting a bit tired and distracted – though I reckon he loved all the attention…and treats!
My challenge ahead is keeping up a regular training schedule with Sprocket and making sure we fit the time in each day for at least five minutes. He's progressing well with his training, but it'll all be made much easier if we're consistent. It's been a few weeks since a proper obedience class, but we have been practising so I look forward to seeing how he goes in our next class.


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DOES A PATENT APPLY TO COUNTRIES OTHER THAN THE UNITED STATES?
Patents are country-specific and are rights limited to the borders of the issuing country. For example, a U.S. patent does not prevent infringement in any other country. Therefore, to seek protection for an invention outside the United States, a foreign filing strategy must be implemented. Many factors need to be considered when deciding where to file foreign patent applications. Some factors relate to the potential market and manufacturing centers for the invention, and other factors relate to the protectability and enforceability of the invention under the county's intellectual property laws. Unfortunately, foreign patent protection can be quite expensive, depending on the size and complexity of the application, the need for translations, and the country or countries an applicant chooses to file.
After filing a U.S. patent application, there is a 12 month timeframe available for applying for patent protection outside the United States and claiming priority to the filing date of the U.S. application. Some potential filing strategies are to (1) file directly with the foreign countries, (2) file directly with regional patent offices, such as the European Patent Office, or (3) file an international application under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT). Although PCT applications are considered "international" patent applications and are often referred to as such, there is currently no "international patent". It should be understood that a PCT application can only be used as a stepping stone for filing "national stage" or "regional stage" patent applications in a limited number of countries or regions. A complete list of countries that can be reached using a PCT application may be found here.
Thus, with regional patent applications and PCT applications, an applicant must still obtain a registration from each individual country to gain enforceable patent rights; however, regional and PCT applications can afford translation cost savings and provide additional time for an applicant to determine what countries it will ultimately seek patent rights. Specifically, a PCT application delays national stage filing costs and decisions by at least 18 months from filing the PCT application. Many applicants use this time to refine the invention, research their markets, and look for licensees or buyers. Frequently, the number of countries in which an applicant desires protection will assist in determining whether a PCT application will be more cost effective than other routes.
Because each country has its own rules for patentability of inventions, PCT patent applications should be carefully drafted to allow the various jurisdictions that may be sought after for patent protection to use claim terms that are fully supported by the originally filed description. Like the United States, many countries also have different forms of patent protection and application filing procedures that can be utilized depending on the importance of the invention and other business and legal considerations. Whatever strategy is taken for foreign patent protection, early planning is critical to success.


It's hard to decide where to start on Beijing, whether it be the negatives or the positives but I believe that the positives far outweigh the negatives. Beijing is a shockingly modern city that is immaculately kept and as clean as any city I've been to. It is also an immense place that seemingly goes on forever and like all the other Chinese cities I have seen-it's sprawling with no real end. But the sure thing about Beijing is where the heart of the city lies and that's the Forbidden City.
With Tiananman Square and the gigantic portrait of Mao flanking it to the south, the Forbidden City is a true jewel and a true delight to visit. It is also humongous. Normally, I hate guides but I decided to hire this young Chinese girl named Lucy, who I called Lucy Liu-although I don't think she got the reference, because the city was so daunting and I wanted to know what everything was.
I swear to god you have never heard someone spew out more facts faster than she did with the Forbidden City and although I could barely understand her, I did pick up all the essentials and was even more in awe of the place than I was before. It was also nice today because of the stifling heat-many people were sitting down in the shade so it was easier to get up close to the pagodas and the buildings and see inside. It was like being in the movie "The Last Emperor", which was an awesome movie that won best picture in 1987.
I am also a big fan of Chinese history, especially the Ming Dynasty and getting the background info from Lucy and seeing it in person was really cool. I highly recommend the Forbidden City or Palace Museum as it is the quintessential sight in Beijing.
As I mentioned it was ridiculously hot out today and being in Tiananman Square was a total nightmare because there is nowhere to hide from the sun. And the sun and heat mixed with the ungodly pollution problem made for difficulty breathing and the strong possibility of becoming dehydrated. It is certainly my prediction that not too many world records will be set in the upcoming Olympics here in Beijing with this hot and heavy air.
Speaking of the Olympics, aside from the pollution issue which is as bad as they say and maybe even worse; I have to give the Chinese credit because the city looks great. They have new signs up everywhere and even with English translations which is key-believe me. They have flowers and signs up all over the city and people just walking around handing out Olympic gear, etc. It is really nice to see them trying to embrace this opportunity to showcase their great city to the world-I hope it all goes well. The stadium by the way, looks like a giant birds nest-it's pretty cool, at least from the outside.
Tiananman Square is nothing like I thought it would be like. I was picturing Red Square in Moscow which is awesome, The Chinese equivalent was very disappointing. Although it is the largest square on Earth-it is truly massive but with nothing really to see or do except if you want to Chairman Mao's presered body which is creepy to me. Additionally, I kept having flashbacks to 1989 when all the tanks roared into the square to squash the student protest. I remember being in 5th grade watching that like it was yesterday and today I finally got to see that place in person and it just wasn't what I pictured but still cool nonetheless.
I then went to the Temple of Heaven which is basically what it sounds like, a tranquil, beautiful pagoda complex where they have light Chinese music playing and it was very pleasant…however, the heat and poor air quality made it tough to stay there for too long-well that and the lack of water vendors!
So then I go into one of those Beijing 2008 official stores to buy some tee shirts and I do and they just hand me the shirts. I asked if I could have a bag to carry them and they said no I had to pay for a bag. I was shocked and asked why and how much. It was hardly any money but the principle here was what was important and I was demanding an explanation and finally I got one.
Apparently, for each bag purchase from the Olympics, the Chinese are donating the 1 Yuan to help save the environment. Ironic I thought because the second I walk out the door I can barely breathe; I've seen a ton of factories just spewing out noxious gasses into the air; there are 4 million cars burning diesel all over the streets of Beijing; and you're charging me money for a bag to help save the environment. Needless to say she didn't really understand what I was saying as nobody here really speaks English as you'd imagine so I stopped my fruitless banter and just left befuddled at the satire.
Back at the hotel now planning my tour to the Great Wall in the morning. I am really looking forward to that although the tours are way overpriced. I guess with the Olympics coming they are ratcheting everything up to stick it to the tourists. Anyway should be fun and hopefully it doesn't rain.
Hey Lee, remember me, the Irish guy who had his passport stolen in Peru. Just checking this site-you're insane! I am still travelling a lot with work and was in Beijing a few weeks ago. You should like it out there as it sounds like you do. For the great wall go to Badaling I think its called. Be in touch and shoot me an email when you get back and if you're in Beantown give me a shout.
Not sure if you left yet for the Great Wall, but hopefully they don't drag you to Bandalung (sp?), the most visited section — I visited in December, and there were very few tourists, but I saw pictures of the same site in the Summer and it was pure hell. On that same trip, I used local transport (and a local guide) to get to a section of the "wild wall" (no tickets, souvenier stands) and it was incredible — you could see the all snaking for miles, and we walked the wall, some parts in a crumbling state, by ourselves for miles. Its a bit tricky to get to the wilder sections, but well worth it.
Its also interesting to read your description of Beijing in August — in December, the air was cool, crisp and clean, and very few tourists. I had large sections of the Forbidden City, Temple of Heaven, etc. to myself.
Try the donkey dumplings — as good as donkey gets.
Have you seen the wall before?
Hi Lee, nice mtg u last night. Hope you get to Mutianyu which is the best and less touristed area of the wall. I will check for your post later. Good luck and safe travels to Kazakhstan.


the FW.  This will allow drivers to implement some from of "limp-mode"
netdev, but we can interrogate it over devlink and fix the broken FW.
instance lock during flashing, unlike ethtool which holds rtnl_lock().
Sending as RFC due to impending conflicts.
able to recover devices in bad state.
identification, but there is no such immediate need.
the networking locks - devlink doesn't take them.
Add new command for updating flash of devices via devlink API.
@@ -177,6 +187,25 @@ versions may differ after flash has been updated, but before reboot.
- specifies the devlink device to show.
If this argument is omitted all devices are listed.
+.SS devlink dev flash - write device's non-volatile memory.
+- specifies the devlink device to write to.
+parameter may be used to indicate which firmware image should be written.
+The default value of 0 means that all regions should be updated.
+Interpretation of other values is driver-dependent.
>able to recover devices in bad state.
>identification, but there is no such immediate need.
drivers against ETHTOOL_FLASH_ALL_REGIONS, which is default.
There is this bnxt driver which is the only one working with this value.
provided by driver which the compat layer would use to translate.
> >able to recover devices in bad state.
> >identification, but there is no such immediate need.
> drivers against ETHTOOL_FLASH_ALL_REGIONS, which is default.
> There is this bnxt driver which is the only one working with this value.
> provided by driver which the compat layer would use to translate.
with ethtool, but it may be confusing, given it would be mostly unused.
>> >able to recover devices in bad state.
>> >identification, but there is no such immediate need.
>> drivers against ETHTOOL_FLASH_ALL_REGIONS, which is default.
>> There is this bnxt driver which is the only one working with this value.
>> provided by driver which the compat layer would use to translate.
component binaries and has to do parsing itself/in-fw.
Component is fine by me.
>with ethtool, but it may be confusing, given it would be mostly unused.
I think it would be good to add it and have the api complete.
> Add new command for updating flash of devices via devlink API.
This is targeted at iproute2-next since it needs stuff from net-next.


text:
Q: newenvironment with tcblisting I want to defne a macro environment that uses the listings and tcolorbox packages, something akin to this:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tcolorbox}
\tcbuselibrary{listings}

\newenvironment{codeblock}[1]
  {\begin{tcblisting}{title=#1}}
  {\end{tcblisting}}

\begin{document}
\begin{codeblock}
code
\end{codeblock}
\end{document}

However, I get the following error message:
! File ended while scanning use of \next.

What do? I've tried searching around, but it seems to be a very general error message that has something to do with empty spaces in verbatim/listing environments.
I have tried implementing the code directly and it compiles. The error only arises when using the macro, and I'd much prefer using the macro considering I have a couple of hundred entries with the same formatting (not included for simplicity's sake).

A: You need to define the new listing format/style via \newtcblisting:

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tcolorbox}
\tcbuselibrary{listings}

\newtcblisting{codeblock}[1]{title=#1}

\begin{document}

\begin{codeblock}{code title}
code
\end{codeblock}

\end{document}


text:
"Since the advent of nuclear weapons, it seems clear that there is no longer any alternative to peace, if there is to be a happy and well world."
- Remarks at the Department of State 1954 Honor Awards Ceremony, October 19, 1954
"There can be no true disarmament without peace, and there can be no real peace without very material disarmament."
- Remarks at the Republican Women's National Conference, May 10, 1955
"The peace we seek and need means much more than mere absence of war. It means the acceptance of law, and the fostering of justice, in all the world."
- Radio and Television Report to the American People on the Developments in Eastern Europe and the Middle East, October 31, 1956
"In vast stretches of the earth, men awoke today in hunger. They will spend the day in unceasing toil. And as the sun goes down they will still know hunger. They will see suffering in the eyes of their children. Many despair that their labor will ever decently shelter their families or protect them against disease. So long as this is so, peace and freedom will be in danger throughout our world. For wherever free men lose hope of progress, liberty will be weakened and the seeds of conflict will be sown."
- Remarks of Welcome to the Delegates to the Tenth Colombo Plan Meeting, Seattle, Washington, November 10, 1958
"I like to believe that people, in the long run, are going to do more to promote peace than our governments. Indeed, I think that people want peace so much that one of these days governments had better get out of the way and let them have it."
- Radio and Television Broadcast With Prime Minister Macmillan in London, August 31, 1959
"So - our readiness to meet and defeat this kind of possible attack is forced upon us, both as a potent preventive of actual war and to insure survival in event of attack. This alertness to danger has to be translated into specific policies and activities in the several parts of the world where our rights - our way of life - can be seriously damaged. Work of this kind occupies my days and nights."
- Letter from DDE to Hallock Brown Hoffman, February 7, 1955
"I have said time and again there is no place on this earth to which I would not travel, there is no chore I would not undertake if I had any faintest hope that, by so doing, I would promote the general cause of world peace."
- The President's News Conference, March 23, 1955
"As for myself and for the Secretary of State and others involved, including those in the Legislature, we stand ready to do anything, to meet with anyone, anywhere, as long as we may do so in self-respect, demanding the respect due this Nation, and there is any slightest idea or chance of furthering this great cause of peace."
"For a just and lasting peace, here is my solemn pledge to you: by dedication and patience we will continue, as long as I remain your President, to work for this simple - this single - this exclusive goal."
- Address at Byrd Field, Richmond, Virginia, October 29, 1956
"The building of such a peace is a bold and solemn purpose. To proclaim it is easy. To serve it will be hard. And to attain it, we must be aware of its full meaning - and ready to pay its full price."
- Second Inaugural Address, January 21, 1957
"For all that we cherish and justly desire - for ourselves or for our children - the securing of peace is the first requisite."
- Radio and Television Address to the American People on the Need for Mutual Security in Waging the Peace, May 21, 1957
"Having established as our goals a lasting world peace with justice and the security of freedom on this earth, we must be prepared to make whatever sacrifices are demanded as we pursue this path to its end."
- Remarks at the Fort Pitt Chapter, Association of the United States Army May 31, 1961
Children, Youth & Families
Holocaust & Concentration Camps
War & Defense


text:
»More Canadian Casinos Embrace Cashless Gaming Kiosks
| July 24th, 2020
For years, casino operators have considered cashless options. As more businesses embrace technology that reduces the need for cash-based transactions, casinos looked at those options, too. However, it wasn't until the coronavirus pandemic gripped the world that casinos took this technology much more seriously.
Several Canadian casinos recently partnered with Passport Technology to implement cloud-based cash solutions and new kiosks in their establishments. At a time when physical interactions and much-handled cash are discouraged, casinos are willing to do adjust their business models to increase customer safety and bring business back.
Pure Canadian Led the Way
Passport Technology is not new, but the idea of implementing its cash services to make social distancing easier for customers is new.
On June 1 of this year, several months after Canada shut down most of its casinos and other nonessential businesses to stop the spread of Covid-19, Pure Canadian Gaming did something for its shuttered casinos. The company signed a deal with Passport Technology and set up the cash services in its Alberta properties.
One of the installations was the CashValet cash access service. It is a fully-integrated and real-time cashier portal with its own kiosk called the POSpod. The console is designed to quickly locate data and store all transactions, but more importantly, it offers an ID swipe and barcode scanning, both of which cut down on the customer's need to touch the screen or a keypad.
There are other perks beyond a traditional ATM:
Self-exclusion and responsible gambling controls
Fraud and money laundering controls
Casino controls and access limitations
Simplified cashier training
Customized discounts and VIP fee waive capabilities
Next-day electronic bank settlements
Reporting and settlement alerts for customers and casinos
Multiple interfaces and access portals
Reporting by transaction and patron profiles
As for that interface, Pure Canadian Gaming chose the ACM Owl, which presents a 21" vertical screen. It allows for banking and transaction limits, dynamic rates, real-time reporting, facial recognition, and advertising screens.
The new kiosks will be available at Pure Casino Edmonton, Yellowhead, Calgary, and Lethbridge.
Gateway Added More Locations
In July, Gateway Casinos & Entertainment signed a multi-year exclusive agreement with Passport. Gateway had arranged for kiosks in 12 Ontario properties prior to this deal, but this added 16 properties in British Columbia and Alberta.
The British Columbia casinos, in particular, will offer the aforementioned CashValet service, along with the CashlessValet and ActiveDataRT.
CashlessValet is similar to the CashValet but with the added benefit of using credits instead of cash.
The ActiveData system offers a different set of responsible gambling tools than the ACM Owl with more applications and revenue-focused data. The Passport IQ dashboard give casinos the ability to adjudicate actual or predetermined data points. And for customers, it will allow them to obtain loyalty program information and alerts.
Cash Casinos in Alberta Sign On
Just last week, two more casinos signed a deal to launch ACM Owl solutions with the CashValet system. Cash Casino Calgary and Cash Casino Reed Deer, both in Alberta, wanted the new services for the social distancing opportunities it provides, keeping people at kiosks instead of cashier windows, and the social responsibility features.
This deal put Passport Technology services – both cash-based kiosks and cashless services – in more than 50% of Alberta casinos.
Ever-Increasing Canadian Presence
It was only in March of 2018 that Passport introduced its latest CashValet kiosks and platforms to Canadian casinos. The company's entry into the Canadian market expanded services from Europe and seemed a natural fit, as many of Passport's shareholders lived in Western Canada and Ontario.
Passport completed its first installations in Canadian casinos by October 2018. It then expanded to River Cree Resort and Casino in April 2019 and to Century Casinos in 2019, eventually incorporating all of its racetracks and casinos into the new system.
New System Benefits
Casinos see only benefits from the Passport systems. As mentioned, it not only offers a much more streamlined reporting and tracking system, it presents a solution in the time of the coronavirus pandemic to further ensure the safety of casino customers.
Another huge benefit is the social responsibility component. It allows casino operators to offer numerous services to its customers, including the ability for players to put limits on their play and withdrawal amounts. It also provides a way for them to obtain help without having to admit it to a casino representative.
The concerns mostly come from players. Gamblers have always been wary that casinos have too much access to their personal information through player reward cards and programs. Using Passport Technology systems, however, takes it to another level.
Customers are concerned about facial recognition technology, especially the ability of the machine to obtain a photo of the customer without that person's direct knowledge or authorization.
Further, casinos are more easily able to track all of a player's data, including all bank transactions conducted at Passport kiosks. Customers wonder if the casino may see their bank balances and keep their pin numbers. Further, if the casino system is hacked, how much personal information will be available to those hackers?
Casinos may want to address some of these questions as they implement this new technology and increase their customer tracking capabilities.
Jennifer Newell has been writing about poker and gambling since 2004. From her days in the WPT offices to covering summers of WSOP tournament action, she also followed gambling legislation to Washington D.C. and women-only poker to the Bahamas. Meanwhile, she lived in Los Angeles and Las Vegas for many years before moving back to her hometown of St. Louis, Missouri. Now, Jen travels less, writing about poker and online gambling from her home with her two dogs watching her every move. In her spare time, she follows politics, works on her never-finished novels, and learns Italian in the hopes of retiring to Italy someday.
If you want to know more, you can follow Jen on Twitter @WriterJen


November 2018 edited November 2018 in READ THIS FIRST!
Welcome to our new discussion boards for individual lenders, a feature frequently requested by many of 4thWay's happy users to complement 4thWay's expertise and enhance our service further.
Please use the boards to ask other individual lenders questions and to learn from each others' experience in using P2P lending/IFISA platforms.
Treat everyone and everything with respect at all times, no matter how much you disagree. You can still get your constructive ideas and thoughts across when being respectful. Even if you vehemently disagree with someone and even when you have doubts about another person or business's character.
Stay on topic, and address the topic not the participants. That means debating the issues at hand and not airing views about any related topics or people.
Don't write anything that might be libellous. You or 4thWay could be sued for that.
Businesses: we do not accept spam comments and advertising through the 4thWay boards.
There is no level of ability and confidence as a lender that ever justifies lenders selecting a small portfolio of loans and putting large chunks of money into few loans or into a single peer-to-peer lending platform. I already have talked to plenty of lenders (and money managers) who have done this and regretted it.
I imagine that if you debate an attractive loan for hours through the discussion boards it will be easier to convince yourselves that you could - and should - overexpose your wallet to it.
As 4thWay's chief risk modeller says, if he had advised one of his high-street bank clients to lend a whopping 5% or more of their deposits in a single huge loan, he would not have lasted long in the industry. The same applies to individuals.
You might instead choose to spread your money very widely across hundreds or thousands of loans, even if you believe you are good at selecting better-than-average loans.
2. Use personal stories alongside other evidence to assess risks and opportunities.
You can learn a lot from other lenders' interactions with P2P lending and IFISA providers, and from other people's analysis of the platforms' borrower-selection methods, technology and so on.
Look for more complete results figures from the platform, and develop a deep understanding about the people behind it and how well they perform key duties, such as approving loans, monitoring them and recovering bad debts, and an instinct for when something is fishy. 4thWay and other board users can help you with all of that.
3. Some types of lending has high bad debt that takes ages to recover.
Some types of lending, such as certain types of bridging loans and asset-backed lending, typically have a profile that can be quite frightening if you aren't aware of it before you start lending: a high proportion of loans fall late, often 10% to 25%, and then a good portion of those become bad debts.
With this kind of lending, you are supposed to be compensated for this with decent to high interest rates. And the loans are usually supposed to have excellent recovery of bad debts - although you must expect and be prepared for recoveries to take a very long time because that can be typical as well.
I have seen lenders discouraged from using certain P2P lending platforms, because those platforms generally have a high proportion of debts that go bad compared to others. They might be right and it might well be a problem - but that fact alone is not usually enough information to assess the risks.
Before taking sizeable bad debts as a reason not to lend through a platform, look into whether that type of lending typically has high bad debts - suggesting the platform might be normal in its chosen niche. In which case, you need to look into how rapidly the platform acknowledges and then takes action to recover bad debts - speed is a great indicator of how well problem debts will be recovered.
You also need to look at its record on older loans - does it have an excellent recovery rate on those loans, where they have already had a long time to force a sale of property and get lenders their money back?
Finally, don't overlook the absolute basics of checking out how thoroughly or conservatively the platform values any security and any caps they put on the amount borrowers can borrow compared to their security.
Good luck and enjoy your discussions!


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That is the fun with these gorgeous little books, with dominos for covers!
This class teaches 4 different techniques for an unlimited variety of styles!
Found objects and old lace make perfect embellishments for domino books.


rapid tide to turn an auger.
several species known by shell.
to a row of seed sown in a furrow.
When the material of the foundation is secured as an image in our minds.
When the floors are sealed before the coming of fire season.
When the arrangement of rooms is anticipated for those with an interest in boundaries.
When the size of the windows is spoken in knowing tones to those citizens of the morning.
When the modules of spring settle in place.
When the diagnosis of elements installed.
When the stability of structures appears to be complete.
When the paper chase of framing still bitter about that month.