text:
Fun ways to learn IT Skills.
by BillyBob88
on Nov 23, 2016 at 15:48 UTC
Next: Amazing satellite imagery of underwater eruptions
Over the last 48 hours I upgraded my phone, it's still android and I thought I'd start downloading the appropriate apps that I want from the play store. In doing so, I came across an app called "net invaders" developed by Cisco. Curiously enough, I installed it and had a little play.
It turned out to be a side venture by Cisco, allowing users to educate themselves on the Cisco family of products, and I was wondering if anyone else has any game style tools/apps to help learn aspects of IT?
Worth noting, I showed the game to the rest of the IT department I work in, now they're all playing it.
Edited Nov 23, 2016 at 16:20 UTC
Who was ever FORCED to give full admin rights in their career?
AlecWood Nov 23, 2016 at 16:11 UTC
Well there's the rest of my hitherto productive afternoon wasted ;)
jonemac Nov 23, 2016 at 16:17 UTC
Hadn't heard of it but sounds interesting..
Nov 23, 2016 at 16:24 UTC
Hmm...thinking of an app, similar to Pokemon Go. It encourages IT workers to go tackle tickets. Instead of walking around and capturing Charmander or Squirtle, you get to "capture" the user who opened the ticket, but only after it's been resolved.
Highest score at the end of the month gets a prize! 12 pack of beer, 3 pounds of bacon, movie tickets, gift card, etc.
Fritz mmmmmmmmm Nov 23, 2016 at 16:28 UTC
Checked the App Store, they have it for iOS also!
I will be playing with this today!
JustineHope
Nice! Seems like a fun little game/learning tool. Thanks for sharing.
Those in game asa firewalls look waaaaay cooler than the one in my office lol
Franklyundead
Installed that, lets see looks promising. Thanks!
Synergy Support
I spent about 3 hours last night playing it! If only cyber security in real life was as easy as it portrayed!
brokensyntax
www.codecombat.com
www.codinggame.com
I know there used to be a Subnetting and IP conversion game on Cisco's site too.
You could also consider hackthissite and hackthisbox as fun training tools.
BillyBob88 Nov 25, 2016 at 09:20 UTC
Synergy Support wrote:
Sadly I think I've spent a lot more than 3 hours on this so far. haha.
HeathFudge Nov 25, 2016 at 20:23 UTC
http://overthewire.org/wargames/bandit/
This is a a fun way to introduce someone to linux commands/command line. The site also has alot of other games that are based on other topics http://overthewire.org/wargames/
HeathFudge wrote:
They look like fun, but are they not a risk to begin with connecting to a remote host you have zero control over? =)


text:
Arsenal Cut Down Nottingham Forest In League Cup
English Football League Cup
Result: Nottingham Forest 0-4 Arsenal
Venue: The City Ground
Arsenal eased past Nottingham Forest in the English Football League Cup on Tuesday night with a 4-0 victory.
The visitors were almost punished early in the clash for some sloppy play at the back. Ben Osborn won possession in the box and played it on for former Gunner Nicklas Bendtner. He teed up Pajtim Kasami, but his shot was wide.
Arsenal came close in the 15th minute when Jeff Reine-Adelaide threaded a ball through for Chuba Akpom to strike but Vladimir Stojkovic made a terrific save onto the woodwork.
The deadlock was broken for Arsene Wenger's men in the 23rd minute. Granit Xhaka thumped a shot from long range and saw the ball find the back of the net via a deflection.
The Gunners held on to their lead until the break, and extended it on the hour mark. Akpom was tripped in the box by Michael Macienne, giving Lucas the chance to slot a spot-kick for a 3-0 scoreline.
The result was virtually secured in the 71st minute. Macienne was in the thick of it again, losing possession to Lucas who slotted into an empty net after weaving his way past the goalkeeper.
Arsenal cruised to victory in the end as they controlled the game in the last 20 minutes, Forest showed little in terms of resistance, and the travelers added a fourth goal in stoppage-time, with Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain joining the party.
MSN Far Ahead Of BBC
'Why Pogba & Mkhitaryan Are Struggling At Man Utd'
Reports: Man Utd Eye January Swoop For Real Star

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Шайи () — французская фамилия. Известные носители:

 Шайи, Жак (1910—1999) — французский музыковед и композитор.
 Шайи, Лучано (1920—2002) — итальянский композитор.
 Шайи, Рикардо (род. 1953) — итальянский дирижёр.
 Шайи, Эрик (Chahi, род. 1967) — французский программист, разработчик компьютерных игр, создатель Another World.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The Scattered Cook: Happy Holidays from the Scattered Cook!
Happy Holidays from the Scattered Cook!
Wishing you and your family a safe and joyous holiday season, and a happy new year!
Thanks for checking out my recipes and giving meaning to what started out as a simple hobby. Here's looking forward to more recipes in 2015!


text:
WASG
WASG Hut
WASG Library
WASG Map Library
Contact Committee
WASG Constitution
WASG By-Laws
Caves Access Constitution
South West Permit System
Access to Caves
Lotterywest - GIS
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WA Cave Images
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Shame Page
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JHA MacDougall Stereographs
WASG 50th Celebration
WA Historical - 1960's
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Augusta - Description
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Witchcliffe
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Eneabba - Description
Nullarbor
Nullarbor Karst
Archaeology of Koonalda Cave
Nullarbor Karst Project
Kalgoorlie Miner Article
ASF Web Site
ASF Constitution
ASF Code of Ethics
ASF Minimal Impact Code
ASF Safety Guidelines
ASF Conservation Reports
Conservation Report - 1994
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ASF Submission to the EPA Re: Jurien Bay
ASF Submission to the EPA Re: Cape Range
ASF Submission to QNP Re: Mt Etna
Crystal Cave Restoration
AU9 Graffiti Removal - 2004
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Poposed Draft Cave Protection Legislation - WA
USA - NSS Conservation Division
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Troglofauna
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And Also ...
The other stuff ...
Stygofauna
Microbial Mantles
Accidentals
Vertical - by Al Warild
NSS Vertical Section
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Carbon Dioxide paper
Foul Air
Pink Puffers and Blue Bloaters
Karst Terminology
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Glossary of Caving Terms
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Other Caving Sites
Foul Air in limestone caves and its effects on Cavers
By Garry K. Smith © 1998
Member - Australian Speleological Federation and the Newcastle & Hunter Valley Speleological Society. P.O. Box 15 Broadmeadow. N.S.W, 2292 Australia.
Principal Technical Officer - BHP Research Laboratories. P.O. Box 188 Wallsend, N.S.W, 2287 Australia.
First Published in the ASF 22nd Biennial Conference Proceedings 1999, Pages 48-58
'Foul Air' is a life threatening hazard which speleologists may encounter in caves with relatively still atmospheres. Although not a significant problem in the majority of caves around the world, those containing concentrations of foul air may become death traps for cavers not familiar with the signs and symptoms of the gases involved.
'Foul Air', sometimes called 'Bad Air', is a cave atmosphere which has a noticeable abnormal physiological effect on humans. In limestone caves, 'foul air' can be described as containing greater than 0.5% carbon dioxide (CO2) and/or lower than 18% oxygen (O2) by volume. As a comparison, normal air contains approximately 0.03% CO2 and 21% O2 by volume. However there are some isolated caves which contain atmospheres influenced by other gases such as:- methane, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide or carbon monoxide, but these gases are generally rare in limestone caves.
An elevated CO2 concentration is usually the most life threatening foul air scenario found within Australian limestone caves. This colourless, odourless and non-combustible gas is the body's regulator of the breathing function. In industry the maximum safe working level recommended for an 8 hour working day is 0.5% (5,000ppm by volume). A concentration of 10% or greater can cause respiratory paralysis and death within a few minutes.
To the novice caver the first encounter with foul air is often a frightening experience. Typically there is no smell or visual sign and the first physiological effects are increased pulse and breathing rates. Higher concentrations of CO2 lead to clumsiness, severe headaches, dizziness and even death. Experienced foul air cavers can notice a dry acidic taste in their mouth, however the average caver may not notice this effect.
Strang and Mackenzie-Wood, (1990) state that, "Carbon Dioxide is regarded as a 'hot gas' due to its low thermal conductivity, heat is not conducted away as rapidly as in normal air so a person standing in it feels warm about his lower limbs".
Types of Foul Air in caves
The Foul Air Types used below were first characterised by James (1977) and expanded upon by Halbert (1982) with the use of the Gibbs Triangle and the Cave Air Index.
1.In this scenario, "Foul Air Type 1", CO2 is absorbed by the ground water as it passes through surface soil containing high concentrations of the gas, due to the decay of vegetation. Soil CO2 contents can reach as high as 10 to 12%, however most values range between 0.15% and 0.65%. The resulting weak carbonic acid percolates through the rock strata and enters the cave system, usually taking part in the calcite deposition cycle. In this instance the addition of extra CO2 to the cave atmosphere equally displaces O2 and nitrogen (N2) in direct proportion to which they constitute the atmosphere being displaced. See Table 2.
Atmospheres consisting strictly of "Type 1" foul air, rarely exceed 1% CO2. An example of this atmosphere could contain 1% CO2 and 20.8% O2.
Halbert (1982), relates "Foul Air Type 1" cave atmosphere to the introduction of CO2 into the cave atmosphere and all other components are diluted - the source of the CO2 is immaterial. An atmosphere resulting from purely a type 1 process occurs quite slowly and it requires five percent CO2 to reduce the O2 level by one percent.
2.In the second scenario "Foul Air Type 2" the CO2 is a by-product of organic and micro-organism metabolism or respiration by fauna such as bats or humans. In this instance the oxygen concentration is reduced in proportion to the increase in CO2. The N2 concentration stays constant. See Table 3.
Halbert, (1982) "Foul Air Type 2" describes in great detail the relationship between consumption of O2, and production of CO2 in the metabolic process of living organisms. Essentially the volume ratio of CO2 produced to O2 consumed, called the "respiratory quotient" (RQ) is not constant and can vary between 0.7 and 1, depending on organic matter involved. ie. carbohydrates, fats or protein. If fats were utilised solely in the metabolic process the RQ = 0.7, and would result in a consumption of O2 with a relatively smaller amount of CO2 volume being produced in return.
3.In the third scenario, "Foul Air Type 3", cave atmosphere which has resulted from the introduction of other gasses, such as methane and nitrogen and the non-respiratory uptake of O2 as well as CO2 stripping by water. Another example is "stink damp" so named because it often contains hydrogen sulfide and the O2 is significantly more depleted than in "Type 2". Foul air consisting strictly of "Type 3" are rare in caves and therefore is only dealt with briefly in this paper.
Also falling into Halbert's third type is an atmosphere which has resulted from a combination of scenarios 1&2 with addition of another mechanism ("Foul Air Type 3"), which alters the gas concentrations.
James, (1977) recognised six sources of CO2 in cave atmospheres,
a) evolution from cave waters
b) production from micro-organisms
c) respiration of plants and animals
d) Diffusion of gaseous CO2 into the cave
e) Burning of hydrocarbons
f) Volcanic emission
Of these the first three are covered in scenarios 1&2. Not considered in this paper is source d) which is an external source of CO2, generally of a sporadic nature and the last two don't have any real significance in Australian Caves.
Influencing factors in CO2 concentration.
Even though CO2 is 1.57 times heavier than nitrogen and 1.38 times heavier than O2, it has a tendency to disperse in an isolated volume of air, due to molecular diffusion. In other words, a mixture of gasses will not separate into layers of various density gases if it is left for a long time in a still chamber. On the other hand, various gasses purged separately into a closed container will become uniformly mixed over a period of time. A possible explanation of the high concentration of CO2 in deep caves (with a relatively still atmosphere), is that CO2 is being produced metabolically or entering the cave via ground water at a greater rate than the gas can disperse (by molecular diffusion) into the cave atmosphere, thus settling or remaining at the bottom of the cave because it is a dense gas. (Smith. G. K. 1997a)
'Foul air', is often encountered in pockets at the lower sections of deep caves where there are no active streams and air movement is minimal. Frequently there appears to be a definite boundary between 'good air' and 'foul air', with a noticeable elevation in CO2 concentration being present. In caves containing 'foul air' the author has on numerous occasions experienced these invisible boundaries with a transition of less than one metre. Often there isn't a gradual transition in air quality as one might expect if dispersion of the gases were occurring at a relatively fast rate. In Australia most of these atmospheres can be attributed to 'Foul Air Type 2', or a combination of (2+1) or (2+3), however the CO2 is being introduced into a relatively still cave atmosphere and molecular diffusion is insufficient to disperse the gas with an even gradient over the vertical range of the cave.
This build up in CO2 concentration is more prevalent in deep caves, however it can still be found in some shallow caves with a vertical range of less than 10 metres. A very still cave atmosphere may allow CO2 to sink to (or remain at its origin in) the deepest part of the cave and displace O2 and N2. This allows CO2 to build up to a higher concentration, at the lowest point. An example of this would be Suicide Hole Cave at Crawney Pass N.S.W, which has a vertical range of approximately 6 metres and contains a high concentration of CO2 in the bottom two metres of cave passages. The CO2 can be attributed to a large number of fine tree roots in a passage just above the foul air.
An example of how CO2 can be liberated and build up to high concentrations in the bottom of caves is suggested by Osborne, (1981), in a study of the 'CO2 Pit' in Gaden Cave - Wellington NSW Australia. Osborne surmises that the atmosphere is most likely due to degassing of the extensive bodies of still water in the underground lake system. This relates to a strictly foul air type 1, however Osborne conjectures that the test measurements indicate a type 2 foul air is also involved.
Indications are that the gas is being introduced into the cave atmosphere at a greater rate than it can disperse by molecular diffusion, thus a very definite boundary occurs. In the 'CO2 Pit', the boundary between good breathable air and life threatening foul air is often less than 0.4 metre. Recent discussions with divers undertaking mapping and photographic projects indicate that the extensive underground lakes are well known for their acidity and constant production of calcite rafts. This strongly supports the theory put forward by Osborne, that the majority of the foul air in the 'CO2 Pit' is due to Type 1 with the addition of some Type 2.
James & Dyson (1981) found at Bungonia, NSW Australia, that "CO2 is encountered at a threshold and below the threshold it appeared to be relatively homogeneously mixed". While "……caves with flowing streams which terminated in sumps showed a pronounced CO2 gradient, increasing with depth". Drum Cave generally followed this pattern, however during bat maternity season, an inverted gradient was observed even when the stream flowed. The bats respiration and micro-organisms in the guano were concluded to be the major sources of CO2, and were responsible for the highest recordings in the cave, (measured in the entrance series chamber). The CO2 concentration was observed to decrease down the cave toward the terminal sump. They conclude that "in general, CO2 is located in the cave close to the source of its production".
Another factor was highlighted with a study of Grill Cave at Bungonia. This cave is known to regularly contain foul air (which has a short transition distance between good air and hazardous foul air), the relative depth from the surface, (of the interface), varies considerably with climatic change and correlates with highs and lows in atmospheric pressure. The high atmospheric pressure compressing the gasses, thus pushing the interface deeper into the cave and the reverse with atmospheric lows. This can be greatly enhanced by passage dimensions and volume capacities of chambers within a cave system. (Smith G. K., 1998).
Temperature changes outside caves also have an effect on the concentration of foul air. Jennings, et al. (1972) give the example of caves at Bungonia where the average underground temperature is 17.75°C. During summer the above ground air temperature rarely drops below this temperature, hence the cold, dense air remains in the lower levels without circulating. However during winter the caves "breathe". The warmer air rises, thus causing an expansion of the CO2 regions with a reduction in CO2 concentration.
Floods are also known to reduce high concentrations of 'foul air' as the influx of large volumes of fresh water absorb CO2 from the cave atmosphere and transport it away. O2 is also liberated from the fresh water into the cave atmosphere. Floods also carry into the cave, fresh organic matter which micro-organisms feed on to rapidly increase CO2 once the water flow has subsided. Micro-organisms can increase CO2 concentration in the cave atmosphere by several percent over a 48 hour period. (James and Dyson, 1981)
Foul air will not build up in caves with two entrances at different elevations, as temperature gradients cause a flow through affect which flushes the cave atmosphere. Active stream-ways in caves also dissipate any build up of foul air. See Figure 1 below
Calculating gas concentrations in a cave atmosphere.
In dry air the total pressure (of a mixture of gases) is equal to the sum of their partial pressures. In simplified terms, the atmospheric or barometric pressure of dry air is equal to pNitrogen (pN2) + pOxygen (pO2) + pRare Gases (pRG) + pCarbon Dioxide (pCO2).
However since a great majority of cave atmospheres contain high humidity, the water vapour component should be included in the equation.
Barometric Pressure = pN2 + pO2 + pRG + pCO2 + pH2O.
Halbert (1982) uses the Cave Air Index (CAI) to characterise gas mixtures found in caves on a dry atmosphere basis. The water vapour component in the calculation, slightly changes the concentrations of CO2 and O2, but does not affect the arguments derived from the data. Essentially the water vapour constitutes about 0.5% by volume of a saturated cave atmosphere at 20°C and conversely in a dry atmosphere it would be 0%.
For simplicity cave atmospheres may be considered to consist of O2, CO2, and a Residue Fraction (RF) made up of rare gases, N2 and water vapour (H2O).
Table 1. Cave air scenario and correlation with "Foul Air Type" & Cave Air Index.
Foul Air Type (after Halbert 1982) Possible Mixes Cave Air Index
1 4 < CAI < 5
1+2 combination 1+3 1 < CAI < 4
2 2+1, 2+3, 1+3 0.75 < CAI < 1
2+3 combination 1+3 0 <CAI <0.75
3 CAI = 0
Interpreting Foul Air.
The theoretical "Foul Air Type 3", where CAI = 0, is rarely known to exist in caves. In general cave atmospheres with CAI of < 0.75 are regarded as falling into the Foul Air Type 3. This could be a mixture of "Foul Air Types" (3+1) or (3+2). Halbert (1982) gives the example of "Foul Air Type 3" atmospheres containing 1% CO2, 17% O2, and 82% RF and another with 4.5% CO2, 10.5% O2, and 85% RF. He points out that a low absolute O2 concentration does not need to be present. However in practice "Foul Air Type 3" atmospheres likely to be encountered in caves will have low O2. Also this type of foul air may have deceptively low CO2.
At Bungonia Caves (N.S.W.) Australia, foul air accumulation by loss of CO2 from saturated ground water is not the major source, but a contributing factor. CO2 levels of up to 6% have been linked to micro-organisms (i.e. fungi and bacteria) which depend on the nutrition present in organic material leached down from the soil or washed into the caves by floods. These organisms produce CO2 as a by-product of their digestion process. This mechanism was observed to correlate with the reduction in O2 accompanied by the increase in CO2 concentrations. This would suggest foul air Type 2 or a combination of 1 & 2. (Crawshaw. R. and Moleman, D, 1970), (Jennings. J. et al., 1972), (Smith., G, 1993)
Halbert (1982) suggests that some readings at Bungonia are a "Foul Air Type 3". They include atmospheres in Grill Cave with a composition of 1.4% CO2, 12.0% O2, 86.6% RF which gives a CAI of 0.16 and readings in Odyssey Cave of 2.8% CO2, 14.5% O2, 80.3% RF which gives a CAI of 0.43. James (1977) had previously speculated on the possible sources of "Type 3" foul air sometimes found at Bungonia. These include:- (1) Anaerobic bacterial action - nitrogen producing bacteria which have been identified in caves at Bungonia. (2) Removal of O2 from the cave atmosphere by oxidation of inorganic or organic sediments.
In 1958 members of Sydney University Speleological Society (S.U.S.S) confirmed that readings of up to 13.5% CO2 at Wellington and Molong Caves (N.S.W.) Australia, were at the expense of oxygen. ie. the sum of CO2 and O2 was constant and the percentage of inert gases was reasonably constant. They also concluded that this was probably due to organic decomposition. (Halbert., E. J. 1972). These CO2 readings appear to be exceptionally high and one would wonder if another mechanism could be involved. The answer could be in a later study of the 'CO2 Pit' in Gaden Cave - Wellington (N.S.W.) Australia, by Osborne (1981), when he surmises that the atmosphere is most likely due to degassing of the extensive underground lake system with some involvement of a type 2 foul air mechanism.
As can be seen from the above, it is one thing to analyse samples of cave atmosphere to determine composition, however the real problem comes with the interpretation of this data to identify the source of the gases, especially if the source is not readily apparent. Calculation of the CAI, appears to be a very valuable tool to assist researchers in identification of foul air types and hence could assist in tracking down the source.
Examples of foul air, theoretical gas concentrations are given in Tables 2, 3 & 4.
Table 2, Theoretical gas concentrations in cave atmosphere. Using scenario 1 with CAI = 4.
Total CO2 concentration in cave atmosphere Total O2 concentration in cave atmosphere Total RF concentration in cave atmosphere
1% 20.75% 78.25%
10% 18.50% 71.50%
Table 3, Theoretical levels of gases in cave atmosphere,
Using a combination of scenario 1 & 2, resulting in CAI = 2.
Table 4, Theoretical levels of gases in cave atmosphere, Using scenario 2. with CAI = 1.
15% 6.00%
Effect of CO2 on Humans.
As each persons body has a slightly different reaction and tolerance to stressful situations the following symptoms are general, however nobody is immune to the dangers of CO2.
Table 5. Generally accepted physiological effects of CO2 at various concentrations.
Concentration Comments
0.03% Nothing happens as this is the normal carbon dioxide concentration in air.
0.5% Lung ventilation increases by 5 percent. This is the maximum safe working level recommended for an 8 hour working day in industry (Australian Standard).
Lung ventilation increases by 50 percent, headache after several hours exposure.
Accumulation of carbon dioxide in the body after prolonged breathing of air containing around 2% or greater will disturb body function by causing the tissue fluids to become too acidic. This will result in loss of energy and feeling run-down even after leaving the cave. It may take the person up to several days in a good environment for the body metabolism to return to normal.
3.0% Lung ventilation increases by 100 percent, panting after exertion. Symptoms may include:- headaches, dizziness and possible vision disturbance such as speckled stars.
5 - 10% Violent panting and fatigue to the point of exhaustion merely from respiration & severe headache. Prolonged exposure at 5% could result in irreversible effects to health. Prolonged exposure at > 6% could result in unconsciousness and death.
10 - 15% Intolerable panting, severe headaches and rapid exhaustion. Exposure for a few minutes will result in unconsciousness and suffocation without warning.
25% to 30% Extremely high concentrations will cause coma and convulsions within one minute of exposure. Certain death.
(Strang. J., and Mackenzie-Wood. P., 1990), (Laboratory Safety Manual, 1992)(Osha Regulated Hazardous Substances, 1990), (Matherson, D., 1983).
Long term exposure to levels of between 0.5 and 1% as may be experienced by personnel on a submarine, is likely to increase calcium deposition in body tissues such as the kidney. (Matherson, D., 1983)
Exposure of between 1 and 2% CO2, for some hours will result in acidosis, even if there is no lack of oxygen. This acid-based disturbance will occur in the human body when the increase in partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) is greater than 44mm Hg. Acidemia will result and secondary mechanisms are initiated by the body that attempt to prevent drastic changes in pH and tend to return the pH toward normal. "Intracellular buffering, via red cell haemoglobin, phosphate, and protein, exchange intracellular sodium and potassium for the excess extracellular hydrogen ion. In addition, hypercapnia leads to an increase in renal hydrogen ion secretion and net acid excretion, as well as an increase in bicarbonate reclamation. Although this response begins early, the maximum effect takes several days." (Clinical Management of Poisoning & Drug Overdose, 1990).
Prolonged breathing of air containing around 2% or greater will disturb body function by causing the tissue fluids to become too acidic. This will result in loss of energy and feeling run-down even after leaving the cave. It may take the person up to several days in a good environment for the body metabolism to return to normal.
The "Laboratory Safety Manual (1992)", quotes 0.5% CO2 as the `Threshold Limit Value Time Waited Average' (TLVTWA). This is the concentration to which a person may be exposed, 8 hours a day, 5 days a week, without harm. The manual also quotes 5% CO2 and above as being `Immediately Dangerous To Life and Health' (IDLH). This is the concentration that will cause irreversible physiological effects after 30 minutes exposure.
One must be mindful that the sight of bats in a cave does not necessarily mean that the atmosphere is suitable for humans. On several occasions the author has experienced laboured breathing in caves containing bats, however a simple Butane Cigarette lighter would fail to ignite and struck match head would only fizz before going out. The bats seemed to be undeterred by the low O2 and high CO2 content of the atmosphere. These observations are echoed by Hamilton-Smith, (1972) who states that, "….. the Bent-winged Bat is able to tolerate higher concentrations of gas (CO2) than that acceptable to human beings."
Effects of O2 Defficiency on Humans.
If we consider an atmosphere consisting of just N2 and O2, where the O2 is at a lower concentration than the normal atmosphere, the human body would be effected in the manner shown in Table 6. (Laboratory Safety Manual, 1992)
Table 6. Generally accepted physiological effects of reduced O2 concentrations.
O2% by volume. Symptoms (at sea level)
reduced from 21 to 14% First perceptible signs with increased rate and volume of breathing, accelerated pulse rate and diminished ability to maintain attention.
between 14 to 10% Consciousness continues, but judgment becomes faulty. Rapid fatigue following exertion. Emotions effected, in particularly ill temper is easily aroused.
10 to 6% Can cause nausea and vomiting. Loss of ability to perform any vigorous movement or even move at all. Often the victim may not be aware that anything is wrong until collapsing and being unable to walk or crawl. This is followed by unconsciousness and death. Even if resuscitation is possible, there may be permanent brain damage.
below 6% Gasping breath. Convulsive movements may occur. Breathing stops, but heart may continue beating for a few minutes - ultimately death.
(Laboratory Safety Manual, 1992), (Safe Handling of Compressed Gases, 1992), (Strang. J., and Mackenzie-Wood. P., 1990),
Should we be looking at O2 Defficiencies as Life Threatening while Underground?
The partial answer to this question can be found in a paper by Field, (1992) which studied the use of a new fire extinguishing gas mixture, designed to be used in enclosed spaces. The gas called 'Inergen' consisted primarily of Argon and CO2. It was designed to disperse and dilute oxygen to below 15% volume, so that there would be insufficient oxygen to support combustion. The research found that the addition of a small percentage of CO2 was beneficial as it induced an immediate and sustained stimulus to increase breathing rates of persons caught in areas flooded with this gas mixture. It was the increase in CO2 and to a much lesser extent the decreased O2 which stimulated the respiratory response.
The report goes on to say that great majority of healthy people whether young or old, would not be limited by their ventilatory function during physical exertion at a work level when breathing air at sea level containing 3.1% CO2 and 15% O2, however many, particularly the elderly would experience mild-moderate breathlessness.
In an atmosphere containing 4.3% CO2 and 12.4% O2, the average healthy person with a reasonable level of physical fitness would be capable of less than half the maximum physical exertion they could normally attain breathing air. (Field, 1992). One thing lacking in this paper is any real mention of time scales of exposure to this concentration of CO2 and O2.
The data as listed in the Tables 6 above, indicates that very little difficulty is caused by short-term exposure to O2 / N2 mixtures down to about 10% O2. In Tables 2, 3 & 4, it can be seen that at 8% CO2 concentration (which is dangerous to humans), there is still sufficient oxygen to support life.
The Australian Standard (AS 2685-1986, P.7) 'Safe Working in Confined Space', states that entry to confined space shall not be permitted if oxygen deficiency is below 18%. This standard was revised in 1995 and the minimum concentration raised to "19.5 percent by volume under normal atmospheric pressure, equivalent to a partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) of 19.8kPa …". it goes on to say that "an airborne concentration of a particular substance in the person's breathing zone, exposure to which, according to current knowledge, should not cause adverse health effects nor cause undue discomfort to nearly all persons." The criteria used is the Time-Weighted Average (TWA). "The average concentration of a particular substance when calculated over a normal eight-hour workday, for a five-day working week." (AS 2865-1995, P. 6-7). One could argue that this is a very conservative O2 concentration, designed for the workplace to cater for people with a very wide range of physical fitness and ailments and the possible need to undertake continuous strenuous work over an 8 hour day.
One should note that it is simply not just the O2 volume percent which is necessary for human respiration but the O2 partial pressure. For instance the O2 partial pressure decreases at higher altitude while the O2 volume percent remains constant. An example of this is the partial pressure of O2 at an altitude of 2,000 metres above sea level is 17.67kPa (176.7 millibar) and this is equivalent to breathing air in which the O2 concentration has been reduced to 17.5%.
How the Human Body gets rid of CO2.
The human body under average conditions inhaling air which contains approximately 21% oxygen and 0.03% CO2. The air breathed out of the lungs contains approximately 15% to 16.3% oxygen and about 4.5% CO2. A person at rest inhales and exhales approximately 6 litres of air per minute but in times of stress, this may increase to more than 100 litres per minute.
The CO2 level in the blood is an important stimulus to respiration. Nerve receptors in the aorta near the heart and in the carotid artery that goes to the brain, monitor changes in the CO2 in the body. If the amount of CO2 in the blood increases, both the rate and depth of breathing increases. Changes in oxygen levels are also monitored, but the receptors are not as sensitive to changes in oxygen as to CO2.
The exchange of the two gases (CO2 and O2) takes place in the lungs by diffusion across the walls of the air sacs (alveoli). Oxygen from inspired air diffuses across the lining of the air sacs and enters the circulation, while CO2 moves in the opposite direction. Then the gases are transported between cells and the lung by the blood circulation.
The principle by which diffusion occurs dictates that a gas in high concentration will move to an area of relatively low concentration, until an equilibrium is reached. This enables CO2 in the body at a higher concentration to diffuse to the inhaled air. (Smith. G. K., 1993 & 1997b).
Simple Test for Foul Air.
In the majority of foul air found in caves, the real danger is the CO2 concentration which is the main trigger for the human body to increase the breathing rate. This is generally attributed to a Type 2 Foul Air or possibly a mixture of Types (2+1) or (2+3). Prolonged exposure to a concentration of just 6% CO2 or more may be enough to cause suffocation. In the majority of cases, if a person has any of the symptoms of elevated carbon dioxide, a simple 'naked flame test' will fail to ignite.
The 'naked flame test' can be undertaken by igniting a match or butane cigarette lighter or carrying a lit candle into suspected foul air. If the flame is extinguished, foul air is present. Where possible a butane cigarette lighter should be used to reduce unpleasant fumes emitted from matches burnt by people testing air quality in the confines of a cave. (Smith. G. K. 1997a)
Laboratory tests have proven that combustion of a match, candle or butane cigarette lighter will cease at about 14.5% to 15% concentration of oxygen. Twenty one percent (21%) being the oxygen concentration in normal atmosphere. Bearing in mind that humans on average breath out air containing between 15% - 16.3% oxygen and this is enough to revive a person using Expired Air Resuscitation (EAR). In fact humans can survive in an atmosphere containing 10% oxygen, so when the flame test just fails, the atmosphere still containing enough oxygen to survive. (Smith. G. K. 1997a)
In the majority of cave atmospheres an elevated CO2 concentration, corresponds to a depletion of O2. A high CO2 concentration is the most life threatening situation encountered underground while a life threatening low O2 concentration is rarely encountered. The majority of dangerous atmospheres in caves can be contributed to a combination of Type (2+1) & (2+3) Foul Air. This covers a considerable range of CO2 to O2 combinations, however when CO2 is high so as to be dangerous to humans, there is generally not enough O2 to support combustion.
The first signs of high CO2 include increased heart and breathing rates, headaches, clumsiness, fatigue, anxiety and loss of energy
Without sophisticated measuring equipment, the best advice is if you or a member of your group experiences any of the common side effects of CO2, carry out a simple flame test with a butane cigarette lighter. If the flame fails to ignite notify others in the party and the group should vacate the cave in a safe manner.
Carbon dioxide when treated with respect is no worse than the other dangers in caves. Despite the possible dangers, caving is still safer than driving a motor vehicle, which most of us take for granted. The best advice is, "If in doubt, get out".
Bibliography and References.
AS 2865-1986, "Australian Standard" (1986), 'Safe working in a Confined Space', Published by Standards Australia (Standards Association of Australia)., 42pp, ISBN 0-7262-9473-X.
AS 2865-1995, "Australian Standard, Worksafe Australia National Standard" (1995), Published by Standards Australia (Standards Association of Australia)., 'Safe working in a Confined Space', 48pp, ISBN 0-7262-9473-X.
"Clinical Management of Poisoning & Drug Overdose", (1990) edited by Haddad, Lester M; Winchester, James F., 2nd ed. Philadelphia : Saunders p. cm. Published in Pennsylvania. 'Clinical Features & Consequences of Metabolic Acidosis'. P.135-140, ISBN: 0721623425
Crawshaw, R. and Moleman, D., (1970) "Experiments with cave atmospheres: The CO2 Problem". Published in the Sydney Speleological Society. Journal, Vol. 14, No. 8, P. 177-185.
Field. Dr. G., (August 1992), "The Physical Effects on Humans of Exposure to Gas Mixtures of Air and Inergen", Report prepared on behalf of Unisearch Limited, Department of Respiratory Medicine - The Prince of Wales Hospital, for Grinnell Asia Pacific Pty Ltd.
Friedman. R., (Nov. 1989), "Principles of Fire Protection Chemistry", Printed by the National Fire Protection Association USA. ISBN 0-87765-363-1.
Halbert. E.J. (1972),. 'Foul Air in Bungonia Caves', Published in "Bungonia Caves", by the Sydney Speleological Society. Occasional Paper No. 4, P. 144-146. ISBN 0-9599608-0-5.
Halbert. E.J.M., (1982), "Evaluation of Carbon Dioxide and oxygen data in atmospheres using the Gibbs Triangle and Cave Air Index." Printed in Helictite, V.20 (2), P.60-68, Journal of Australasian Cave Research.
Hamilton-Smith. E., (1972) 'Bats of the Bungonia Caves', Published in "Bungonia Caves", (1972) by the Sydney Speleological Society. Occasional Paper No.4, P.151-156. ISBN 0-9599608-0-5.
James. J. M., (1977), "Carbon Dioxide in the Cave Atmosphere". Transcript of the British Cave Rescue Association. V. 4, No.4, P. 417-429.
James. J., and Dyson, J., (1981), "CO2 in Caves" Published in Caving International Magazine (Cave Science Topics) No. 13, October 1981 P. 54-59.
Jennings. J. N., James. J. M., Counsell. W. J., and Whaite. T.J. (1972) 'Geomorphology of Bungonia Caves and Gorge', Published in "Bungonia Caves", (1972).by the Sydney Speleological Society. Occasional Paper No.4, P.113-143. ISBN 0-9599608-0-5.
"Laboratory Safety Manual", (October 1992), 'Oxygen-deficient Atmosphere', Section 24, P.4-5. By the Occupational Health & Safety Unit of the University of N.S.W, Australia. Published by CCH Australia Limited. ISBN 1- 86264-439-X. Authors - R. Haski, G. Cardilini and W. Bartolo.,
Matherson, D., (1983) Article on 'Carbon Dioxide' Hazards in the"Encyclopaedia of Occupational Health and Safety". (Third edition 1983),Published by the International Labour Organisation, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland.,. P. 392-393 ISBN 92-2-103289-2
"McGraw - Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology", (1982), fifth edition, Chemical Weathering P. 305. ISBN 0-07-070280-1
Osborne. R.A., (1981), "Toward an air quality standard for tourist caves: Studies of Carbon Dioxide enriched atmospheres in Gaden - Coral Cave , Wellington Caves, N.S.W." Printed in Helictite, V. 19 (2), P. 48-56, Journal of Australasian Cave Research.
"Osha Regulated Hazardous Substances" (1990). Occupational Safety and Health Administration U.S. Department of Labor. ISBN 0-8155-1240-6.
"Safe Handling of Compressed Gases", (1992). P.5, Sec. 3.5, Commonwealth Industrial Gases Ltd, Aus. ISBN 0-909327-09-2
Smith. G.K., (1993), "Caves, Carbon Dioxide & you", Published in 'Australian Caver', No. 133, P. 20-23. Journal of the Australian Speleological Federation Inc.
Smith. G.K., (1997a), "Naked Flame Tests for CO2 in Limestone Caves & The Effect of CO2 and O2 on Humans", published in the 'Australian Speleological Federation Inc. Proceedings of the 21st Biennial Conference', P. 40-52.
Smith. G.K., (1997b), "Caves, Carbon Dioxide & You.". published in the 'Australian Speleological Federation Inc. Proceedings of the 21st Biennial Conference', P. 35-39. Updated from the original article publication in 1993.
Smith. G.K., (1998), "Foul Air at Bungonia", published in 'Under Bungonia', P. 84 - 91, Life on Paper Publishing, PO Box 115 Oak Flats, 2529. NSW Australia.
Strang. J. and Mackenzie-Wood. P., (1990). "A Manual on Mines Rescue, Safety & Gas Detection". Printed by CSM Press, School of Mines Colorado. P. 126-133
Comments are most welcome.
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© 2021 Western Australian Speleological Group


The commission said it would announce the results of Zimbabwe's presidential race, pitting President Emmerson Mnangagwa against opposition leader Nelson Chamisa, only after all the votes have come in from across the country.
HARARE, Zimbabwe – Zimbabwe's ruling party has won a majority of seats in Parliament, the electoral commission announced Wednesday, as the country braced for the first official results of the presidential election.
The ruling ZANU-PF won 109 seats while the main opposition MDC party had 41 in the country's 210-seat House of Assembly. The commission said two seats were won by smaller parties and 58 seats had yet to be declared.
Western and other election observers were set to give their first public assessments of the election and whether it was free and fair.
The opposition alleges the elections have irregularities, saying voting results were not posted outside one-fifth of polling stations as required by law.
Mnangagwa's government, meanwhile, accused Chamisa and his supporters of inciting "violence" by already declaring he had won the election, the first after former leader Robert Mugabe stepped down in November.
The possibility of confrontation is an unnerving reminder of the tensions that pervade this southern African nation, debilitated by Mugabe's long rule. The 94-year-old former leader had been in power since independence from white minority rule in 1980 until he was forced to resign after the military and ruling ZANU-PF party turned on him.
Mnangagwa, a former deputy president who fell out with Mugabe and then took over from him, has said his showing in the presidential polls was "extremely positive" while urging people to wait for official results.
Chamisa, a lawyer and pastor who leads the opposition Movement for Democratic Change party, has gone further, saying his own count shows that he won the election and that he's ready to form the next government.
"We won the popular vote & will defend it!" Chamisa tweeted Wednesday morning.
Zimbabweans desperately hope the peaceful vote, which took place Monday, will lift them out of economic and political stagnation after decades of Mugabe's rule, but the country is haunted by a history of electoral violence and manipulation that means trust is scarce.
While the electoral commission has five days from the end of voting to release the final tally, the national mood is growing anxious partly because unofficial results are already swirling on social media.
Dozens of opposition supporters gathered Tuesday evening at their headquarters in the capital, Harare, celebrating in the belief that they had won the presidential election based on results they said they collected from agents in the field.
As they danced to music blasting from speakers set up on a truck, police with water cannon circulated in the area.


text:
Q: WebDriver Ruby Custom FirefoxProfile I have a Firefox profile that I'd like to launch for testing. It's currently the only profile loaded up on my test machine's copy of Firefox. When I load WebDriver Remote it's not loading my profile. First I tried this:
capabilities = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.firefox(:firefox_profile => "myprofile")
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:remote, :desired_capabilities => capabilities)

That didn't work and opened up a browser with a blank profile. Then I remember that in PHP WebDriver there was a requirement to copy the profile and Base64 encode it. So I did that:
profile = File.read '/home/me/firefoxprofile.zip.b64'
capabilities = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.firefox(:firefox_profile => profile)
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:remote, :desired_capabilities => capabilities)

But I'm still stuck with a blank profile again. :(
I set a lot of custom preferences and extensions in my profile and would like to load it for each test.
UPDATE:
I also tried adding -FirefoxProfilePath with the webdriver.jar and that also failed to load my profile.
How can I load my custom Firefox profile in WebDriver Remote for testing?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Black and white is powerful... and not just in the form of black print on white paper.
I'm old enough to have all my childhood photos in black & white and I remember how, when colour photography finally arrived (better still, when we could afford it), we all immediately eschewed the boring monochrome. And glorious colour has been ruling ever since, at least among us amateur photographers.
So this just to remind us all of the beauty of BLACK & WHITE.


text:
import AuthService from './auth.service.js';

export default angular
    .module('auth', [])
    .service('AuthService', AuthService)
    .name;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Crazy good speed garage mix.
The first track warms things up as an instrumental, then the dub tracks commence. Full of distorted vocal samples and gun shots. The intensity builds and when "The Chant" hits, it then all kicks off big time.
1. "Jazz House (Original Mix)"
2. "Ice Cream Productions (Ice Cream Dubplate)"
3. "Got Funk (Da Mongoloids Funktastic Mix)"
4. "Got Funk (Heavy on da Bass Mix)"
5. "Extreme Pressure (Deep Down Mix)"
6. "Don't Think About It (187 Lockdown Mix)"
7. "Mr. Maniac (Underground Distortion Mix I)"
8. "The Chant (We R)"
12. "Sugar is Sweeter (Armand's Drum 'n' Bass Mix)"


text:
Brands A-Z Cremo Men's Grooming
Categories Bath & Personal Care Men's Grooming
Cremo, Men's Grooming
Men's Deodorant Shaving & Beard Care Men's Body Wash Facial Care Men's Shampoo Men's Lotion Men's Hair Styling
Cremo, Face Lotion with Sunscreen, Preventative Formula, SPF 20, 2 fl oz (59 ml)
kr.49.62 kr.70.89
Cremo, Original Shave Cream, Sage & Citrus, 6 fl oz (177 ml)
Cremo, Original Shave Cream, Classic, 6 fl oz (177 ml)
Cremo, Premium Barber Grade Hair Styling Paste, Thickening, 4 oz (113 g)
Cremo, Premium Barber Grade Hair Styling Pomade, Shine, 4 oz (113 g)
Cremo, 2 In 1 Shampoo & Conditioner, No. 08, Bourbon & Oak, 16 fl oz (473 ml)
Cremo, Reserve Blend, 2 In 1 Shampoo & Conditioner, No. 13, Distillers Blend, Reserve Blend, 16 fl oz (473 ml)
Cremo, Daily Face Wash, 5 fl oz (147 ml)
Cremo, Reserve Collection Shave Cream, No. 13, Distiller's Blend, Reserve Blend, 6 fl oz (117 ml)
Cremo, Thickening Shampoo, No. 15, Juniper & Eucalyptus, 16 fl oz (473 ml)
Cremo, All Season, Body Wash, No. 10, Silver Water & Birch, 16 fl oz (473 ml)
Cremo, All Natural Beard Brush, 1 Brush
Cremo, All Season, Body Wash, No. 2, Sage & Citrus, 16 fl oz (473 ml)
Cremo, Anti-Perspirant & Deodorant, No.13, Reserve Blend, 2.65 oz (75 g)
Cremo, 2 In 1 Shampoo & Conditioner, No. 10, Silver Water & Birch, 16 fl oz (473 ml)
Cremo, Exfoliating Body Wash, No. 06, Pacific Sea Salt & Grapefruit, 16 fl oz (473 ml)
Cremo, Anti-Perspirant & Deodorant, No. 08, Bourbon & Oak, 2.65 oz (75 g)
Cremo, Premium Barber Grade, Hair Styling Pomade, Matte, 4 oz (113 g)
Cremo, Premium Beard Comb, 1 Comb
Cremo, Concentrated Shave Cream, Refreshing Mint, 6 fl oz (177 ml)
Cremo, Exfoliating Face Scrub, 4 fl oz (118 ml)
Cremo, Defender Series, Brightening Serum with Vitamin C and Peptides, 1.5 fl oz (44 ml)
Cremo, 2 In 1 Shampoo & Conditioner, No. 15, Junipers & Eucalyptus, 16 fl oz (473 ml)
Cremo, Styling Beard Balm, Cedar Forest, 2 oz (56 g)
Men's Deodorant
Men's Body Wash & Shower Gel
Men's Lotion
Men's Hair Styling
kr.0 - kr.50
Juniper & Eucalyptus
Bourbon & Oak
Pacific Sea Salt & Grapefruit
Sage & Citrus
Mint Blend
Refreshing Mint
Wild Mint
Distiller's Blend
Reserve Blend
Blue Cedar & Cypress
Cedar Forest
Cedar Forest Blend
Natural Sandalwood
Silver Water & Birch
Dark Circles & Puffy Eyes


We have just released version 1.0 of our Device Information Simple API, coformant to the DDR Simple API Recommendation . This new version also implements the "structures" proposal .
Previous message: Dominique Hazael-Massieux: "DDR API implementations"


text:
package com.bunjlabs.jed2d.lwjgl.listeners;

public interface KeyListener {

    public void onPress();
    public void onRelease();
}


Today on Secure Freedom Radio with Frank Gaffney, Frank talks with Cully Stimson from the Heritage Foundation, on the recent trials of terrorists in the civilian courts. Next, Frank and Debra Burlingame discuss the latest on the ground zero mosque. Finally, Frank and Congressman Ted Poe discuss the breakdown of the federal government's efforts to provide for the common defense by securing our borders.


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Evostrix
Home Evostrix Gaming And Hardware News The Last Of Us 2 Release Officially Delayed Until May 2020
The Last Of Us 2 Release Officially Delayed Until May 2020
It's only been a month since Sony and Naughty Dog announced a February 2020 release date
JNyla
https://evostrix.com/the-last-of-us-2-release-officially-delayed-until-may-2020/
Following reports that The Last of Us Part 2 will no longer launch on 21st February next year, as originally announced, Naughty Dog has made the delay official, confirming that its highly anticipated PS4 sequel will now launch on 29th May.
In a letter to fans from game director Neil Druckmann, a new release date of May 29, 2020 was confirmed for The Last of Us Part 2. The news is unexpected after all, the long-awaited release date announcement came less than a month ago and pegged the game as coming to PS4 on February 21, 2020. This three-month delay comes seemingly out of nowhere.
The Last of Us Part II has a new release date. Here's a letter to our fans.
Apologies for the delay. Please know we're working very hard to make it worthwhile. https://t.co/iJyhXpuUoa
— Neil Druckmann (@Neil_Druckmann) October 24, 2019
Given all the hype around last month's event, it's a little surprising that Sony or Naughty Dog have already decided to turn around and put the brakes on the launch. That said, delays like this aren't uncommon whatsoever in the industry. Indeed, Naughty Dog's own Uncharted 4: A Thief's End was pushed back multiple times before it arrived in May of 2016. Probably in large part because of those multiple delays, Naughty Dog was much quieter about work on The Last of Us Part II prior to the release date announcement and trailer last month, Naughty Dog hadn't shown anything new about the game since E3 2018.
The post clarifies that there is a new release date of May 29, 2020, apologizing for the delay while defending the decision to prioritize game quality over a punctual launch: "However, it was during the last few weeks, as we were closing out sections of the game, that we realized we simply didn't have enough time to bring the entire game up to a level of polish we would call Naughty Dog quality."
Druckmann added that "At this point we were faced with two options: compromise parts of the game or get more time. We went with the latter, and this new release date allows us to finish everything to our level of satisfaction while also reducing stress on the team."
Delivering a quality game
The move makes sense given the ambition of the The Last of Us Part 2, which Naughty Dog is hoping will recreate the original game's complex human characters with improved mechanics, enemies with unique heartbeats, and AI allies with more autonomy and capability than before.
This isn't the first time a massive AAA game was pushed back later than hoped; it happened most recently with Doom Eternal, which is now expected to launch in March 2020 instead of the original November launch date.
The Last of Us Part 2 is one of the most anticipated PS4 games of recent times. As a sequel to the critically acclaimed The Last of Us on PS3, and an exclusive to the PlayStation platform, it will almost certainly be a big seller for Sony and help to shift those soon-defunct PlayStation 4 consoles with the next-gen PS5 on the way.
The release date and Outbreak Day festivities were accompanied by loads of new details, including some from our own hands-on time. Among them was the revelation that The Last of Us Part 2 will no longer have multiplayer, though Naughty Dog says a separate online experience is in the works. There was no word about that in the latest announcement, nor whether there are any plans for a PS5 version of The Last of Us 2, given the shortened window between the two releases.
Sony and Naughty Dog have confirmed The Last of Us Part II will now launch on May 29th, 2020.
AAA game
The Last Of Us Part 2
Valve Says It's Not Working On A New Left 4 Dead Game
Cyberpunk 2077 Officially Delayed To September 2020
Marvel Avengers Game Delayed Until September 2020
Frostpunk Has Sold 250K Copies In The First 66 Hours
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Dutch Gaming Authority Officially Takes Action Against Loot Boxes
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Claptrap Voice Actor Accuses Randy Pitchford Of Assault
JNyla - May 7, 2019
Claptrap Voice Actor Accuses Randy Pitchford Of Assault More controversy has arisen around Borderlands 3 after it's been revealed that one of the original voice...
BioWare Teasing A New Mass Effect Remaster Again
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BioWare Teasing A New Mass Effect Remaster Again For years now there have been rumours of a potential Mass Effect remaster and with EA becoming...
Developer Asks You To Pirate His Game Rather Than Buy It On G2A
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Developer Asks You To Pirate His Game Rather Than Buy It On G2A Lars Doucet made Defender's Quest, a tower defense RPG that costs $15...
Erotic Horror Game Lust From Beyond Gets Fully Funded
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Cyberpunk 2077 Cover Art And Physical Bonuses Appear To Have Leaked
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Cyberpunk 2077 Cover Art And Physical Bonuses Appear To Have Leaked The first peek at the box art and what could be a special edition...
CD Projekt Warns Against Buying Cyberpunk 2077 E3 2019 Jackets On eBay
JNyla - June 16, 2019
CD Projekt Warns Against Buying Cyberpunk 2077 E3 2019 Jackets On eBay CD Projekt RED has implored fans not to pay the premium, as it...
EA Star Wars Battlefront II Earns A Guinness World Record
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EA Star Wars Battlefront II Earns A Guinness World Record Electronic Arts has officially earned a Guinness World Record for Star Wars Battlefront 2. Though...
Vampyr Rating Confirms Lots Of Gore, Drugs, Intense Violence And Sex
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Vampyr Rating Confirms Lots Of Gore, Drugs, Intense Violence And Sex Action-RPG with horror elements, Vampyr, is poised to release on June 5th. And while...
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Has the College lost operational funding from the Ministry of Health and Long-term Care?
On December 20, 2018, the Ministry of Health and Long-term Care advised that no final decisions have been made about the College's operational funding and that our 2018-2019 funding is under review.
Will this impact the College's ability to regulate midwifery?
Any changes to our operational funding from the Ministry will not impact the public. The College of Midwives of Ontario will continue to regulate midwifery in the public interest, and to ensure that midwives in Ontario are qualified, skilled, and competent to practise. Ontarians can be confident that the College makes decisions in their best interest.
The College of Midwives of Ontario is the regulator of midwives in the province of Ontario. We regulate midwives practising in Ontario by ensuring that midwives meet high standards and acting when risks are identified.
All midwives follow the same professional principles and standards of practice. We provide guidance to help them do so. Our purpose is to serve the public and the public interest.
How much funding had the College of Midwives of Ontario received from the Ministry of Health and Long-term Care in the past?
The College has received operational grants from the Ministry of Health and Long-term Care for the past 25 years. We report our financial statements each year in our annual reports. In the 2017-2018 fiscal year, the College received $799,415 from the Ministry of Health and Long-term Care. This year the operational funding request was $750,553.
Why does the College of Midwives of Ontario receive funding when other health colleges do not?
Our Annual Report from 2017-2018 speaks to our financial position. From the report: "The College's revenue is from membership fees, and our relatively low membership numbers compared to other regulated health colleges mean that our revenue is not sufficient to meet our expenses. In acknowledgment of this discrepancy, the Ministry provides funding annually to allow the College to fulfill its mandate of regulating midwifery in the public interest." You can read our 2017-2018 Annual Report here.
Does the College of Midwives of Ontario intend to request government funding forever?
The College of Midwives of Ontario hopes to have the opportunity to work with the Ministry of Health and Long-term Care toward financial independence.
In order to be financially independent of any Ministry funding, we need to both balance our budget and maintain some net assets in the event of unforeseen liabilities such as an unexpected or significant increase of complaints or discipline cases. The College's revenue is from membership fees, and our relatively low membership numbers compared to other regulated health colleges mean that our revenue is not sufficient to meet our expenses.
The College of Midwives of Ontario is committed to winding down our financial dependence on the Ministry as soon as possible and has previously submitted proposals to the Ministry to achieve this.
How much will membership fees increase?
The College's Council will set fees at the March 20, 2019 Council meeting. Any fee increase would come into effect for the 2019-2020 registration renewal. As mentioned in earlier statements, the College has built net assets in recent years. We will operate with a deficit for the remainder of the 2018-2019 fiscal year. By using our net assets, we aim to minimize the impact on membership fees while still providing our core services.
What is your process to raise fees?
In order to raise membership fees Council needs to amend the College's Fee and Remuneration By-law. In accordance with the Regulated Health Professions Act, 1991, we are obligated to circulate all proposed regulations and certain by-laws to every member of the College at least 60 days before they are approved by the Council. We then need to carefully review feedback received and prepare a report for Council, who will make a final decision. This process is the same every time we raise our fees.
Our Council meets in March, June, October, and December each year. For a fee increase to take effect in time for our October 1 registration renewal deadline, a proposed fee increase will need to be approved for consultation by Council in March. After a 60-day consultation Council can consider a fee increase in June, for implementation for the October 1 membership renewal period.
How many members does the College of Midwives of Ontario have?
We publish recent membership numbers in our newsletters. Our last newsletter reports a total of 952 registered midwives as of January 11, 2019.


text:
Q: getting logged out of application immediately after logging in using war on Weblogic Server We have a Grails based application, we have developed the war file and when we deploy it in the weblogic server environment, the user after logging in immediately gets logged out, and the login screen is displayed again.
It does show the logged in screen for a fraction of a second but then logs out. Some how the session is not getting set?
The application runs fine on IDE
We havent done any changes to default configuration in Weblogic (i.e Weblogic.xml)

A: Can you check the server log at $DOMAIN_HOME/servers//logs/.log ? If your login module is well coded, there should be an exception in this log somewhere.

A: The issue is finally fixed..
Weblogic  forwards to index.gsp by default and we added a mapping to forward it to our applications specific login page instead of lindex.gsp and now its working perfectly fine.
Thanks all for the inputs..


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text:
PCMag UK Reviews Software & Service Personal & Home GPS & Mapping
Navigon (for iPhone)
byMolly K. Mclaughlin Jan 14, 2016
Fair (2.0)
The Navigon USA GPS app offers a decent set of features, though in-app purchases can add up, and navigation inaccuracies will frustrate.
Robust POI database.
Pedestrian navigation.
Transit directions, traffic, and other features cost extra.
Driving navigation issues.
Navigon has been in the navigation device business for over twenty years, but it currently focuses on the competitive mobile app sector. Its Navigon USA app for iOS is solid, but not spectacular, especially for its $49.99 cost. In addition to driving directions, Navigon also offers pedestrian and biking navigation, though each leaves something to be desired. In addition, features such as public transit navigation (Urban Guidance) and traffic alerts require in-app purchases, which further drive up the cost. Given its high price, Navigon simply can't compete with free GPS apps like Google Maps.
Interface and Points of Interest
Unlike Google Maps, MapQuest, Waze, and others, you can't just jump into your car and go. After downloading Navigon, you then have to download the relevant maps before you embark on a trip. I downloaded the USA version of the app, but there is also a North American version, as well as regional U.S. versions. You can download maps by state to save room and time.
Once you're ready to go, you can tap the menu button at the top left to navigate, where you can then choose from Address, POI, My Destinations, and Take me Home; you can save your home address, though not your work address as other apps, such as Apple Maps, Google Maps, Scout, and Waze allow you to do.
When you select POI, you can then choose POI nearby, POI in a city, POI nationwide, and several other options including Foursquare, as well as top categories such as gas stations and parking. Using the Nearby option, I searched for several well-known and lesser-known destinations. You can also drill down into categories if you don't have a specific business in mind, or just type in the search bar if you know what you're looking for.
I started out by searching for some popular destinations in my area. Several other GPS apps have been unable to locate the Harlem location of the Fairway supermarket chain, so I put Navigon to the test, and it passed with flying colors. Navigon also found a nearby non-chain grocery store, a bar/restaurant called Harlem Public that often trips up GPS devices and apps (which try to send me to the library instead), as well as the New York Botanical Garden and the historic St. George Theatre in Staten Island, among other locations.
When you select Address, you first have to choose a city, which defaults to your last search, and autofills quickly in most cases. Then you input the street or choose it from a list, and finally the number. This is easy enough, but I prefer typing the whole thing in at once as you can with Apple Maps, Google Maps, MapQuest, and Waze. But I do like that when you type in a number that could be a cross street, that option comes up.
Not only did Navigon find Fairway Market Harlem in its database, it also used an accurate route that happens to be the fastest and most direct. I found this to happen less often than you'd imagine when testing other apps, so this was a good sign.
On the way home from Fairway, however, navigation was a bit wonky. At first, I didn't get any guidance, and then I was given what I'll call "phantom directions," in which the guidance offered was impossible or dangerous. When I made the appropriate turn, though, Navigon recalculated and sent me on my way. However, some of the prompts came too late, and recalculations were slow.
Other times, the directions were roundabout. In one case, where my destination was north of my location, I was directed south to access a highway, when I was almost right next to the appropriate northbound entrance. In other cases, I was prompted to turn right or left onto a street several blocks away, or in one egregious case, make a left into a public park.
Another annoyance: I kept getting "caution" alerts with no explanation of why. At times, the alert happened as I rounded a curve in the road, but sometimes I couldn't figure out what the meaning of the caution was. A warning with no explanation is not helpful, and can be distracting.
Pedestrian and Cycling Navigation
When I first started using the Navigon app, it wasn't obvious that I could access walking and cycling directions in addition to driving directions. Under Route Settings, you can choose a vehicle type: bicycle, car, motorcycle, or truck. Here you can also choose how to handle ferries: allow, avoid, or forbid; and enable pedestrian mode with or without voice prompts. What's confusing is that you turn voice guidance on and off for vehicle profiles in one place, and pedestrian voice directions in another place.
When I request walking directions from other apps, such as Google Maps, I like to view a list of all turns so I can scan it quickly and put my phone away. With Navigon, you can only view a map of the route, and unless you have voice prompts on, you have to have your eyes on your phone the whole time, which is annoying.
In addition, even when walking, I got a few random audible alerts, once while on a curve and another while halfway down a hill, both of which struck me as odd and unnecessary. I also encountered some navigation errors, including a wrong turn and a misnamed street. Since I was in a familiar area, I ignored these cues and eventually the app got back on track. In another case, the app sent me on a roundabout route, in which I would have had to walk about 20 blocks out of the way. That said, unlike Apple Maps and MapQuest, the app did know that I could get to Fort Lee by walking across the George Washington Bridge.
You Don't Get What You Pay For
While free software often has shortcomings to paid software, in the GPS app realm that is rarely the case. The $50 Navigon USA app, while showing promise, falls short in many ways, including driving and pedestrian navigation errors and distracting alerts, not to mention that traffic alerts and public transit navigation require in-app purchases. Save your money, and stick with Google Maps or Waze.
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About Molly K. McLaughlin
Molly K. McLaughlin is a New York-based writer and editor with more than a decade of experience covering technology. She has tested and reviewed all sorts of software, mobile apps, and gadgets. Before launching her freelance business, she was an editor at PC Magazine, covering consumer electronics, followed by a stint at ConsumerSearch.com, a review website. Molly also runs About.com's Android site and contributes to DealNews and other online publications. Follow her on Twitter @bloggingmolly.
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We have various attractions on relations, feelings, money and work everyday. What you want becomes the reality. There is not a person without a wish. You who read this article might have a wish. However, your wish will not come true by living somehow. Let us think together what is necessary to fulfill your wish.
This is the basic. At first write what your wish is on paper. Many people think it should be able to happen uncertainty. While your wish is absentminded, it is incomprehensible and hard to achieve what you should do.
It does not matter that it would be any trivial dream. On the contrary, a too large dream is acceptable. Well, let's write it.
Think that you should do it after you write your wish.
For example, if you want to round-the-world, you should think about that you save money, what to do with the rest and work for your purpose, what kind of method we make a trip around the world, and write them on paper.
It is really difficult to go round the worlds even if you say a round-the-world trip.
Examine firmly which country you go to, and how is the peace and order and the situation. Just to properly prepare makes your wish become easy to come true. Please learn all is determined by your consciousness even if troublesome.
You should do everything from a small thing steadily.
If you think what you want to be doing by the next year, what would you do to today? What you should do? There is none on useless days. Use it for your wish without wasting one minute one second.
It may be better to talk decisively if I make a secret to the people around. Sometimes you may get a negative words, but you may get new information. Since there is a limit to the action or information, it makes a big power for you to try to talk to people. It does not matter what kind of person you talk to.
Even people who understands a lot about you, who also met for the first time, or who can not see their faces on the net do not matter. It is important that you are trying to move forward.
Find a person who cheers you up or who supports you. If you have already had him, you should take care of him. You may become just selfish with the familiar people, but should not forget a heart of thankfulness. You can support the people sometimes and try to be listening to a story.
Even if the courses are different, it is one of the greatest powers that there is the person who can make a good relationship. Even if you are troubled over to hit the wall, he will extend a helping hand and help you from suffering and sorrow.
It might be impossible for me. This wish is not supposed to come true. You do good anymore. It will come when you think so. Anyone becomes negative, or pessimistic. It is not a life only to go well. However, you should become calm precisely at such time, and change your way of thinking.
Even if the way is denied by people and you think so, prevent you from denying it. Once you give up, who will fulfill your wish on earth. As I said before, the wish does not come over and you must have attraction on it by yourself. You should not go away behind. You should dvance even if very hard.
What would you do if you will die tomorrow? Surely you will regret that you did not do anything. The most disturbing thing that a person regret before death is "I wish I should have had more adventures." What would you do if you will die tomorrow? What is your wish? Do you think it really right to do nothing as now? Please think about death sometimes.
People die at some time. You should do what you want to while you live. When you think about life and death, you may open a new view on life.
You might feel a little strange, but think after that your wish comes true, for example, how much you grow, how your life and circumstance change after your wish comes true, and so on. In the case of diet, if you imagine your slight figure and think what happens in your love and life after you get it, your consciousness increases more.
I have tried it, too. It is pleasant and sparking to think about the later thing as well as a wish, and the feeling that you do your best becomes strong. You should do it hard so that it can be realized.
Write a letter to yourself in the future. Anything is acceptable for the content.
It is good to entrust your hope to the future and interesting to give a pep talk to yourself. You may think you do your best now by thinking about the future. And you must think "It was good to do my best," "I should have done more. I will do it by all means next time," when you read the letter in the future. The wish changes and increases at different times. It is important to raise your consciousness anytime. The letter becomes the opportunity. It will become more important thing to connect today and the future and the past.
There are from things that can be practiced immediately to ones that take time a little.
Since you can start anything you like, you should do your best. Have attraction on your wish with 9 methods introduced this time.
Destiny number tells us, our personal traits, destiny, and future, using "numerology". For persons, it's guided by birthdate and name.


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text:
Stora Hampsjön är en sjö i Borlänge kommun i Dalarna och ingår i . Sjön har en area på  kvadratkilometer och ligger  meter över havet.

Delavrinningsområde
Stora Hampsjön ingår i det delavrinningsområde (670096-146584) som SMHI kallar för Mynnar i Hyttingsån. Medelhöjden är  meter över havet och ytan är  kvadratkilometer. Det finns inga avrinningsområden uppströms utan avrinningsområdet är högsta punkten. Tomtbäcken som avvattnar avrinningsområdet har biflödesordning 5, vilket innebär att vattnet flödar genom totalt 5 vattendrag innan det når havet efter  kilometer. Avrinningsområdet består mestadels av skog (93 procent). Avrinningsområdet har  kvadratkilometer vattenytor vilket ger det en sjöprocent på  procent.

Se även
 Lista över insjöar i Borlänge kommun

Källor

Externa länkar

Insjöar i Dalälvens avrinningsområde
Insjöar i Dalarna
Insjöar i Borlänge kommun


text:
class DummyPlugin {
  description () {
    return 'Dummy plugin.'
  }

  optionDefinitions () {
    return [
      {
        name: 'something',
        type: Boolean,
        description: 'Something.'
      }
    ]
  }

  replace (filePath, options, index, files) {
    return `file: ${filePath}, index: ${index}, file count: ${files.length}`
  }
}

export default DummyPlugin


text:
Deutsche Börse CEO Carsten Kengeter Resigns Amid Insider-Trading Probes
Kengeter bought shares worth €4.8 million just over two months before the merger talks with LSE were publicly announced.
Aziz Abdel-Qader | Executive Moves ( Executives ) | Thursday, 26/10/2017 | 19:00 GMT+2 2017-10-26T17:00:38+00:00 2017-10-29T11:01:50+00:00
Photo: Carsten Kengeter Bloomberg
Deutsche Börse's CEO Carsten Kengeter is stepping down amid ongoing investigation over possible insider trading that took advantage of undisclosed information about merger plans with the London Stock Exchange, the company said Thursday.
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Carsten Kengeter told Deutsche Börse's supervisory board that he'd be gone by the end of the year in order to allow the company to "focus its energy back onto clients, business and growth and to avoid further burdens caused by the ongoing investigation."
Thursday's announcement did not include any indication as to whether these insider trading allegations hastened Kengeter's departure.
The firm's supervisory board didn't announce any successors but Deputy CEO Andreas Preuss and CFO Gregor Pottmeyer are the two names considered to possibly take the helm of the German exchange operator until a permanent replacement is found.
The investigation against Carsten Kengeter involves the buying of stocks of the Frankfurt exchange operator in December 2015 as part of Deutsche Börse's executive pay program. Specifically, the probe centres on whether secret merger negotiations with the London Stock Exchange were under way when Kengeter bought shares in his company.
The CEO bought shares worth more than €4.0 million just over two months before the official merger talks with LSE were publicly announced, a practice that could be treated as insider trading under German law.
Deutsche Börse has denied any wrongdoing in the purchase of the shares. Mr. Kengeter also firmly shot down all allegations, saying that any insider charges against him would prove totally unfounded and that he had no role in dictating the timing of his share purchases with the announced merger plans with the LSE.
Deutsche Börse was hit with a collective $12.5 million (€10.5 million) fine in August, but Mr. Kengeter was not cleared of wrongdoing and the investigation was still ongoing.
Commenting on his resignation, Carsten Kengeter said: "This decision was not easy for me since I feel very closely connected to Deutsche Börse and I still have many plans for the company. In the light of the public accusations and allegations, I am taking this step to protect Deutsche Börse in particular. I will thoroughly cooperate with the authorities until the end of the investigation. With this decision, I am paving the way for a new beginning for Deutsche Börse. Until the end of the year, I will contribute to an orderly transition. I would like to thank the Supervisory Board and the employees for the trust they have expressed in me."
Joachim Faber, chairman of the Supervisory Board of Deutsche Börse, added: "I very much regret Carsten Kengeter's decision, but I also have great respect for it. Since taking office, Carsten Kengeter has achieved a lot for Deutsche Börse. This is why I would like to thank him sincerely for his contributions and wish him all the best for his future. The Supervisory Board today acknowledged and broadly discussed Carsten Kengeter's decision. We understand that the decision he took in the light of the difficult situation was in the best interest of the company. Nevertheless, the Supervisory Board regrets losing in Carsten Kengeter a CEO who laid the foundation for a successful future of Deutsche Börse in a significant way. Deutsche Börse is much better positioned now than it was prior to the beginning of his tenure. We very much appreciate that Carsten Kengeter remains committed to leading the company through its transition period."
Tags: Deutsche Boerse / insider-trading / investigation