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Cold-fusion believers work on, even as mainstream science gives them the cold shoulder.
by Ted McDonough
Inside his small brick Salt Lake City home, a stone's throw from an LDS church building and hidden from the street by an overgrown yard, Billings Brown prepares the largest cold-fusion experiment ever attempted'or so he believes. If it works, the experiment will destroy his living room and dust Billings and his son, Tom, with deadly radiation.
Brown, a retired rocket scientist in his 80s, thinks he's figured out the secret to cold fusion 16 years after University of Utah professor Stanley Pons and his mentor, Martin Fleischmann, shook the world by announcing they had harnessed in a test tube the energy-producing engine of the sun.
Eight months after their 1989 announcement, Pons and Fleischmann were laughed out of polite academic society, dismissed as delusional or quacks. Two years later, after an embarrassed Utah Legislature spent $5 million on aborted cold-fusion research and the university's president had resigned, Pons and Fleischmann rode out of town on a rail, choosing self-imposed exile in France. After hogging global news headlines for a few months, Time magazine named cold fusion one of the worst ideas of the century, along with aerosol cheese. After the ridicule, it disappeared into obscurity.
But cold fusion never died. In the years since 1989, a few obstinate scientists soldiered on under the upturned noses of their peers. Titillated by the possibility of a vast source of new energy, U.S. government weapons makers and giant Japanese industrial groups quietly siphoned money into further study of a dismissed idea.
Underground Science
Forced underground, cold fusion has since become a cult, complete with its own cheerleaders, magazines, hats and coffee mugs, along with a regular academic conference to which few but the cold fusionists themselves pay any attention. Some cold-fusion researchers have become conspiracy buffs, sure that Dick Cheney and big oil are thwarting their efforts. One current story alleges that fossil-fuel forces killed off cold fusion's greatest champion, Infinite Energy magazine editor Eugene Mallove, who was murdered last year during an apparent robbery.
Successors to Pons and Fleischmann have invented all sorts of new ways to conduct the Utah experiment: balls filled with gas, sound waves that create mysteriously glowing bubbles in water. They don't yet have what Pons predicted was possible more than a decade ago'a cold-fusion water heater strong enough to make a nice cup of tea'but their halting and sporadic results continue to suggest the disgraced Utah chemist may have been on to something.
With oil prices climbing, predictions of an oil shortage mounting and oil politics anchoring the U.S. military in the mire of the Middle East, the possibility of cold fusion means this science won't die anytime soon.
"We're nearing the end of the fossil-fuel era. We've got to find something else," said Brown. "I do think there is energy locked up in the [cold-fusion] system that can be gotten out. I'm not sure I know how, but I'll give it the old college try."
But is this just wishful thinking? Science requires that experiments be repeatable; nuclear science requires the release of radiation. Cold fusion failed both tests 16 years ago. Today's cold fusionists say they've found radioactivity and can make cold fusion happen at the drop of a hat but complain the early debacle at the University of Utah so prejudiced scientific attitudes that no one takes their results seriously.
The science has succeeded in interesting and dividing a panel of U.S. Department of Energy experts. Late last year, a DOE panel released a new review of cold fusion, recommending that "funding agencies should entertain individual well-designed proposals for experiments."
The evidence is harder to ignore than it was in 1989. At least one thing seems clear today: Fusion is possible on a desktop, if not the way Pons and Fleischmann tried it. This April, UCLA researchers published a paper in the prestigious journal Nature describing a crystal-powered fusion device small enough to fit in the palm of the hand.
The modicum of respect now accorded cold fusion is just enough to give cold-fusion disciples continued hope in the Second Coming of their science. This year, a California company, citing the DOE review, went public offering an investment in cold fusion. D2Fusion, of Foster City, Calif., claims it will have Pons' water heater ready for testing by the end of the year.
Before cranking up their latest experiment, the Browns want to retrieve some data. They believe test No. 28 was the most successful yet, but the computer Tom hooked to the cold-fusion cell for the all-night run may have missed recording some data. Brown's granddaughter came home after he went to bed, found the computer running and switched it off. In her defense, cold fusion is extremely boring to watch and nothing appeared to be happening.
Tom, a programmer, hooked up a computer to monitor the experiments but must scrounge supplies. He's found home cold fusion a trickier business post 9/11 than in Pons' day. Many supply houses won't sell to individuals. Tom, a scoutmaster, has better luck shopping locally, saying he's gathering material for a child's science project.
The Brown's experiment'a Mason Jar inside a goldfish bowl'sits on the fireplace. The flue is blocked by a piece of cardboard. An upside-down piece of carpet protects the floor. Metal electrodes poking through a jar lid attach to wires with wooden clothespins. More wires lead to a computer on a small wooden desk with peeling green paint.
What the Browns are attempting sounds almost mythic: a reprise of the last, great unpublished experiment of Pons and Fleischmann. One of Brown's sons studied at the University of Utah in 1989 and was a friend of Pons and Fleischmann's lab assistant. The young Brown brought home tales of an experiment that destroyed the lab. On Father's Day 2004, after a day at the library, Brown telephoned Tom to say he'd at last figured out what had caused the reaction.
Brown speaks with the nuanced and measured tone of a scientist. Tom talks excitedly of the possibilities of cold-fusion home water heaters operating for pennies a year, of removing the salt from the sea and turning the world's deserts into breadbaskets. He talks of an end to war.
God and King
True cold fusion means a virtually unlimited supply of clean energy. Its fuel would be seawater, and unlike today's nuclear power reactors, it would produce no radioactive waste.
"The person who does it will be a god," said Tom, his large body leaning forward on a dwarfed desk chair. "They would be treated like a king."
The world's nuclear power plants work through fission, the splitting of heavy atoms. Fusion, the opposite process, joins nuclei of two light-weight atoms. It's the process that fuels the sun, and governments have spent billions in hopes of creating a practical application for it on Earth.
Nuclei have powerful charges that repel each other. Joining them to produce energy is like trying to push together the wrong side of two magnets. Virtually all scientists say this resistance force can only be overcome using intense heat or speed. The true cold fusionist believes otherwise. And, as the name implies, they believe the process can occur at room temperature.
On March 23, 1989, a nervous looking Stanley Pons, head of the University of Utah chemistry department, and his long-haired mentor, Englishman Martin Fleischmann, walked on stage for a press conference and claimed to have accomplished cold fusion in a test tube using two car batteries.
Russ George was working with an energy industry research group in California at the time. "I remember the nuclear power people looking at a videotape of the press conference from Utah, getting out tape and measuring the apparatus with a ruler on the TV screen."
George immediately went to his Palo Alto garage and built a Pons-Fleischmann cell. He would become hooked for life.
In the aftermath of the announcement, scientists from across the globe would claim to have re-created Pons and Fleischmann's experiment. Just as quickly, most retracted their claims after new measurements. By the end of 1989, after tapping a scientific team to investigate Pons and Fleischmann's claims, the U.S. Department of Energy deemed them null and void. It would take another 15 years for the DOE's interest to be even remotely revived.
Fleischmann said circumstances forced the scientists to announce cold fusion two years too early. At the time, a BYU researcher also was working on cold fusion, and patent attorneys had advised the University of Utah team to be the first to make an announcement.
"If we had been left alone at the U of U, if we had adequate funding and people had not bothered us, we would probably have got to a usable device around '92," Fleischmann said from his home in Tisbury, England.
"Science is a very fragile endeavor," he said. "You can easily misdirect it.nn
The Birth of Cool
Fleischmann, then one of the most respected electrochemists of his day, and Pons, his former student, claimed to have come up with the idea for cold fusion during a hike in Millcreek Canyon before repairing to Pons' kitchen to hash out device details over a bottle of Jack Daniels.
Fleischmann had come across an article in an old scientific journal describing the ability of palladium metal to soak up hydrogen like a sponge. Fleischmann theorized if enough hydrogen were forced out of water and into the metal, the nuclei might fuse. If they used, instead, water containing deuterium'a form of hydrogen that comes packaged as "heavy water" for production of nuclear bombs'the results might be remarkable.
A Pons-Fleischmann cell is a lot like the time-tested junior high school science fair demonstration of electrolysis in which electric current causes water to break down into its component parts of oxygen and hydrogen.
When current is run through a Pons-Fleischmann cell, heavy hydrogen'deuterium'is released from the heavy water to absorb into the palladium electrodes. In the years since 1989, experimenters in search of cost-efficient cold fusion have used regular tap water, along with nickel or copper electrodes, enabling junior high school students'and the Browns'to attempt cold fusion for pennies on the dollar.
Cold fusion's tricky part is measuring its effects. The temperature of the cell is measured for heat, and scientists try to capture anything coming off the cell for evidence of radioactive particles. The debate about cold fusion is whether cold fusionists can use a thermometer. Critics contend they can't.
Had Pons and Fleischmann measured correctly, the amount of heat coming off of their cell would have indicated a huge release of energy, or the creation of a small bomb. But in terms of degrees, the amount of heat was extremely small'so small in fact that it was difficult to say if any energy was produced.
Cold fusionists say the first attempt to reproduce the 1989 results failed because Pons and Fleischmann held back the design for a palladium electrode that would work. Fleischmann acknowledged the scientists had an exclusive agreement with the factory that made the metal. Once others figured out the metal design problem, they got results.
Steve Krivit, who along with Nadine Winocur chronicled cold fusions' history since Pons and Fleischmann for his 2004 book The Rebirth of Cold Fusion, said researchers can now reproduce the effect more than 80 percent of the time.
Krivit became a cold-fusion enthusiast after meeting scientists attending the 2003 International Conference on Cold Fusion, the 10th such conference since it was first inaugurated at the University of Utah.
"These were, as far as I could tell, real scientists," he said. "There was no other logical alternative than to accept these people were credible.nn
Krivit's online magazine New Energy Times is on a mission to make cold fusion respectable again.
Since their exile from universities, cold-fusion scientists talk to themselves and no one else, supported by an underground of earnest believers that publish the scientists' papers alongside outlandish claims of the fantastic.
Jed Rothwell, who has spent years collecting the scientific papers of cold fusionists, said amateur interest from the sci-fi crowd "breaks your heart," but is an unavoidable byproduct of any science related to energy.
Infinite Energy magazine, the granddaddy of the cold-fusion press, is funded by science-fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke. The 1999 documentary, Cold Fusion: Fire from Water, is narrated by James Doohan. That's "Scotty," the Star Trek engineer who emerged once each episode to complain about the "dilithium crystals.nn
But there also are legit scientists too stubborn, or inspired, to stop.
George, whose father worked on the Manhattan Project, is one such researcher. After cobbling-together his garage experiment, he went on to invite himself to all the major laboratories pursuing cold-fusion research. They included SRI International, where a coalition of electric utilities financed experiments; Los Alamos National Laboratory, the birthplace of the atomic bomb; the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, which partnered with the Naval Air Warfare Center, and the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center for 10 years of cold-fusion research.
Other one-time backers of cold-fusion investigations included NASA, the French Atomic Energy Commission and the Japanese government's New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization. For about five years after leaving Utah, Pons and Fleischmann continued experiments at a laboratory near Nice, France, funded with about $30 million from a subsidiary of the Toyota automobile company. There, they parted disagreeably; no one in the cold-fusion world has heard from Pons since.
Evidence, Please
One of the main problems with cold fusion'in addition to the fact that it's impossible according to conventional physics'is that early experiments didn't appear to produce any radioactive products typical of fusion.
At SRI, a private lab near Stanford University, George worked with researchers on an experiment that found helium, a known fusion byproduct, coming off the cell. The measured helium was low, leaving lingering questions about whether air, which contains 5 parts-per-million helium, might have gotten into the machine.
Some of the best evidence for cold fusion comes from the U.S. Navy's 10-year project. Navy scientists showed helium production and an improved experiment that sped up the reaction to occur almost instantaneously, rather than the weeks or months Pons and Fleischmann waited for heat.
Navy scientists trained an infrared camera on the palladium electrode and produced images that appeared to show tiny nuclear explosions on the surface of the metal. A paper by the Navy research team was recently published in a German scientific journal.
George's travels also took him to Japan. There he met an aging cold fusionist who designed a cell using deuterium gas George claims works 100 percent of the time. George is basing his company, D2Fusion, on the technology.
The claims of another Japanese cold fusionist financed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries are, if possible, more unbelievable than cold-fusion energy. Yasuhiro Iwamura, who leads a team of researchers at Mitsubishi's Advanced Technology Research Center, claims that alchemy'the timeless dream of turning base metals into gold'is happening inside of his cold-fusion cell.
Palladium is equivalent in price to gold because the entire supply is demanded for pollution-reducing catalytic converters in cars. Instead of turning cheap metal into gold, Iwamura found his palladium cathodes were transmuting into lesser stuff like quartz, or lead. It's not necessarily the most profitable trick, but if true, would be indisputable evidence of a nuclear process.
Chase Peterson, University of Utah president in 1989 and now a Park City resident, continues to follow cold fusion's developments.
"I don't believe in it or disbelieve in it," he said. "I only believe in a process that says something this interesting ought to be investigated. … Many hundreds of labs have now confirmed the phenomena."
In the early days of cold fusion, Peterson recalled, some University of Utah researchers received subtle threats of funding cuts if they didn't stop researching cold fusion. Attitudes haven't changed much.
"When you have a mindset like that, there is no way to break into it, except with the laborious work that's now being done to prove or disprove what's going on."
In 2003, a group of the movement's key researchers petitioned the Department of Energy to take a fresh look at cold fusion. When the review results came out, some cold fusionists held them up as a triumph. They were anything but.
Half of the DOE reviewers were convinced of the scientists' claims that the machine produced energy. Half weren't. Even those who believed the heat effect was real suggested the cold fusionists still had no idea what was going on, writing the effect couldn't be repeated at will and hadn't increased in magnitude "in over a decade of work."
Just one reviewer believed the scientists' evidence for a nuclear reaction. Two-thirds said it wasn't there.
Today, much of the "new" cold fusion work is years old, and big money from governments and industry has dried up.
"Pathological Science"
Traditionally, for a new scientific discovery to take hold, its opponents must die, said Rothwell. "The trouble with cold fusion was it was discovered by old men and rejected by younger men," he said.
Though a believer, Rothwell has no hope for cold fusion, predicting "gradual extinction" as aging cold fusionists die. He expects this November's 12th international cold fusion conference in Shizuoka, Japan, will be the last.
Critics of cold fusion call it a classic example of "pathological science," experiments with results so tiny it's difficult to say for sure if anything is going on, conducted by scientists who really want to believe something is.
"It's an interesting psychology," said John Huizenga, an emeritus professor of chemistry at the University of Rochester who was co-chairman of the DOE's 1989 review panel. Cold fusion "is just going on and on. I can't believe it."
Huizenga acknowledges not having read all the cold-fusion papers since 1989 but is familiar with the claims submitted to the DOE, including the reports of helium production as proof for a nuclear reaction.
When cold fusionists failed to find lots of radioactivity coming out of their cells, they began arguing that cold fusion was a new kind of nuclear reaction that produced helium but no neutrons or other fusion products.
The problem with that, Huizenga said, is low-energy fusion of deuterium has been known since particle accelerator experiments in the 1950s and the reactions look the same as other fusion, with helium the primary byproduct only once every 10 million occurrences.
Contrast the helium-only theory with tabletop fusion claims published this April in Nature. Three UCLA researchers say they've made a fusion device that produced a continuous stream of neutrons and X-rays, both more likely fusion products than helium.
Just like the earlier cold-fusion experiments, the UCLA team tried to fuse deuterium. In their device, deuterium nuclei are shot through a beam produced by a heated pyroelectric crystal. The beam smashes into a stationary target coated with deuterium. Essentially, they've built a tiny particle accelerator.
The UCLA group was extremely careful in its press announcement not to claim any excess energy. Instead, they say they've invented a portable neutron generator that could be useful, for example, as a security device for looking inside luggage at airports. The scientists' wildest claim is that a scaled-up version could eventually be a propulsion system for miniature spacecraft. Perhaps Scotty's dilithium crystals will become a reality after all.
Of course, if the UCLA experiment induced fusion from a desktop experiment, it's producing energy. Cold-fusion critic Huizenga said it may well be the real thing.
But the UCLA claim holds no interest for the cold fusionists, who dismiss it as more "hot fusion" from the people who've been thwarting them for decades. The cold fusionists are sure of their facts and say if the facts don't fit the theory, the theory must bend.
"The whole question is whether we are using the correct paradigm to interpret the nature of the world. I don't believe we are," said Fleischmann. "Originally, science was based on the Newtonian classic, then quantum mechanics. People believe that is as far as we can go.nn
Michael Shermer, director of The Skeptics Society, calls cold fusion a prime example of smart people fooling themselves.
"If, after 15 years, they still don't have consistent results other labs can produce, then there's nothing to it," Shermer said. "It's pseudo-science. That's one of the signs. It looks like science. It claims to be. But nobody can reproduce it. Only the guy making the claim gets the results.
"Energy too cheap to meter? That would change the world," he said. "If there is just even a shred of data that seems to indicate there might be hope, some people will. … Hope springs eternal.nn
Fox and Cold Fusion
Will the world's scientists ever come up with "energy too cheap to meter"? One who thinks so is Utah's Hal Fox, cold fusion's original cheerleader. He continues to believe, despite having determined long ago that cold fusion isn't the answer.
In the days after the 1989 announcement, Fox, a retired rocket scientist, set up shop at the University of Utah Research Park as the Cold Fusion Information Center. He was eventually shouldered out of the park as the last embarrassing link to the episode but, undaunted, moved his operation to an abandoned fast-food restaurant on 3300 South. He's still there, editing the Journal of New Energy for a scant 50 subscribers.
Fox replicated Pons-Fleischmann after three years of work. "Then I got looking at it and thought, 'What can I do with hot water to power my home?'nn
So much energy is lost converting heat to electricity for power lines that cold fusion would need to produce many hundreds of times the heat shown so far just to break even after using electricity to run a cold-fusion cell.
That doesn't bother Fox. He's got something better.
After traveling the world looking for a new form of energy, Fox discovered Ken Shoulders, a one-time staff scientist at SRI and presenter at cold-fusion conferences. Fox believes Shoulders' discovery, "charge clusters," can clean polluted water and could eventually produce energy. His current commercial thrust is making liquid radioactive waste safe through transmutation.
In his backroom lab, Fox pours water from the Great Salt Lake into an old peanut-butter jar. The word "creamy" is just visible in the lid, through which zirconium electrodes poke into the solution.
A blinding, white flickering light and a loud bubbling noise gradually falls away as the light turns yellow and forms a bubble.
So far, Fox said the technique has purified any water he puts in.
Billings Brown thinks cold fusion will ultimately be understood as a conventional nuclear reaction. He thinks the secret has something to do with material floating in the jar that Pons and Fleischmann didn't know was important. Maybe the lithium salt Pons and Fleischmann used as an electricity conductor, or boron, an element known to leach out of glass test tubes.
Brown and Tom have run about 35 experiments testing the theory and experimenting with different metals, including nickel. If cold fusion ever becomes commercial, it must get away from using expensive palladium, they say.
The Browns know such an approach reduces their chance of getting a reaction, but they don't care. Before it can make sense as a commercial power source, cold-fusion reactions must reach huge proportions. To prove the doubters wrong, cold fusion must produce heat that can't be dismissed as error in measurement. The Browns are thinking big.
The key, Brown said, is "critical size, like a nuclear bomb. Fermi [the father of the atomic bomb] kept adding until he got to critical size. The cold-fusion guys all used very small experiments … except the final experiment of Pons and Fleischmann."
Pons and Fleischmann typically used small wire cathodes, from 1 millimeter to 4 millimeters. The lore handed to the Browns via Pons and Fleischmann's lab assistant says that one evening the assistant dipped a 1-centimeter cube into the heavy water instead. When he returned the next morning, the reactor vessel was shattered, the fish tank that surrounded it with water was gone. A 14-inch diameter hole was found burnt into the desktop, and the lab was contaminated with radioactivity.
The story sounds fantastic, but Fleischmann confirmed the general outline. He said repeating the bigger experiment is one avenue he would have pursued, given the time and money.
"I have reason to believe that was their one successful experiment that they ignored," Brown said. "We're going to go all the way back to the beginning."
Where Pons and Fleischmann performed cold fusion in a test tube, the Browns began with a half-pint jar, before moving to a pint and, now, a quart container.
Tom has just procured a thick piece of copper to use as an electrode. Billings fills the jar with distilled water, plus a secret added ingredient. They plug the apparatus into a wall socket, and wait.


LED outdoor lighting is becoming more and more popular and with good reason. This type of lighting is durable and doesn't use as much energy as traditional lights, helping to significantly lower energy costs for a homeowner.
One of the great things about using Light Emitting Diode (LED) lights is that they last a fairly long time. The less often a person has to replace them, the more money they are able to save. They are also often very durable. Outside bulbs need to be because they will be amongst the elements and may come into contact with inclement weather, animals and children. These bulbs are also able to lasts for years, which helps homeowner's keeps more money in their pockets.
A 2 watt LED bulb will last for about 60,000 hours, whereas a 60 watt incandescent light bulb is only expected to hold up for 1,000 hours. This is a pretty amazing comparison. A much smaller bulb in term so watts, is able to last 60 times longer. Not only does a homeowner use less energy but they get much more mileage out of the bulb. When compared with fluorescent bulbs, LED lights also come out on top, outlasting the former by 10 times.
LED outdoor lighting saves energy, using only 5% of the energy that traditional outdoor lights do. This definitely saves property owners, money. Because these bulbs use less energy, electricity costs are lower. As a result, an individual is able to save up to 80% on their electricity bills, simply by using this type of lighting. In today's economy when it is becoming increasingly necessary to find ways to cut costs, doing something as easy and simple as utilizing outside LED lights can help individuals save money without drastically having to change their lifestyle or cut back.
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LED lighting is becoming increasingly popular. The recent concern about the state and longevity of the planet is one reason. As individuals begin to understand how their actions can negatively impact the earth, many are becoming more interested in learning how to live in a way which is less harmful. When persons learn that the simple things, such as changing what type of lighting they use, can have a positive impact on the plant, many times they are surprised.
Some people mistakenly believe that have to make drastic changes in order to make a difference or don't know what to do at all. As a result, many people do nothing. Using LED outdoor lights is one incredibly simple example of how our everyday choices can be less damaging to the environment. Persons who use these bulbs, rather then traditional ones are able to reduce their energy usage by 95% and potentially save up to 80% on their electricity bill.


text:
Q: git Master with multiple duplicated projects I have a Master Project in Xcode.

*

*I have duplicated projects of Master with some changes.

*I am using Visual Studio online as Git Repo.

*New Changes on Master has to apply for the duplicated oprojects, at
the same   time i have to keep the chages of every projects.

How can i handle all the branches of Master as the indivual projects?

**

A: After making changes on master, you will want to merge master into each of your individual project branches. So let's say your project branches are called p1 and p2; you would want to do:
git checkout p1
git merge master
git checkout p2
git merge master

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


If you're a fan of bold colors and hip pop art, then these are the perfect leggings for you! The punk rock leggings are an amazing way to flaunt your beautiful body. The leggings are covered with plentiful rock signs of random colors and sizes! It will definitely reflect your flamboyant personality and your love of bright colors. They are made of 90% polyester and 10% spandex to give you a comfy fitting.


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"Animal agriculture is killing the Earth"
The rising demand for animal products has resulted in a fast-growing animal agriculture industry. This continual increase in animal farming has left a severe impact on the environment. This negative impact is felt in the atmosphere, on land, and in the sea.
The animal agriculture industry accounts for 51{85424e366b324f7465dc80d56c21055464082cc00b76c51558805a981c8fcd63} of all greenhouse gases. Excessive carbon dioxide, ammonia, methane production all stem from global livestock farming. Methane is produced by cows in livestock farms. The fermentation and storage of manure continually release this gas, immediately contributing to global warming. In fact, methane is 28 times more impactful on global warming than carbon dioxide. Each year, the atmosphere suffers to absorb these gases, which directly leads to global warming.
On land, animals are farmed in a variety of ways, all of which pollute the environment. Soil degradation is a big problem caused by animal farming. Overgrazing and large quantities of excrement cause long term soil degradation such as erosion and loss of viable land. Livestock farms are often heavily concentrated with animals, which allows bacteria and disease to spread. These contaminants combined with manure leach into the groundwater, further polluting the ecosystem.
Deforestation is another problem directly caused by the expanding animal agriculture industry. In fact, about 6.7 million acres of forests are destroyed each year for livestock farming. These forests are burned on a large-scale, shattering ecosystems worldwide. For example, 70{85424e366b324f7465dc80d56c21055464082cc00b76c51558805a981c8fcd63} of the Amazon Rainforest has been deforested via burning and clearing to be used as animal agriculture land.
In the sea, fish are farmed via aquaculture. Aquaculture is often inappropriately practiced, resulting in the destruction of natural ocean habitats. Similar to concentrated livestock farms, aquaculture has concentrated fish populations in small netted areas. Aquaculture is a unique sub-sector of the animal agriculture industry because it is loosely regulated. This lack of regulation leads to the overcrowding of fish, pollution of surrounding waters, and destruction of natural habitats.
Plant-based diets are the solution to environmental problems and climate change caused by the animal agriculture industry. These diets completely eliminate animal products and directly help the environment. By following a plant-based diet, you are voting with your dollar and action. If more people eat plant-based, the demand for animal products will greatly decline, ultimately protecting the environment from the damage caused by this industry.
In comparison to plants, animal products require much more water and land. For example, it takes 58 gallons of water and 41 sq. ft of land to produce a single ¼ lb. beef patty. A popular meat alternative, Beyond Meat, uses 99{85424e366b324f7465dc80d56c21055464082cc00b76c51558805a981c8fcd63} less water and 93{85424e366b324f7465dc80d56c21055464082cc00b76c51558805a981c8fcd63} less land in one ¼ patty than a beef patty. Plant-based food uses a fraction of the water, land, and resources that animal products do. The facts speak for themselves.
Luckily, plant-based diets have gained popularity in the past two decades. There has been a 600{85424e366b324f7465dc80d56c21055464082cc00b76c51558805a981c8fcd63} increase in people choosing plant-based diets in the past three years alone. There are many benefits that result from this diet, but one of the most significant is the positive impact on the environment. Plant-based diets have proven time and time again to be the most sustainable. Our dietary choices now will make a difference in the future of our earth.
Original source: https://theseahawk.org

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Home / Collection / Collection System Information
UAJA Collection System
The first step in treating wastewater is transporting waste to the treatment facility. A wastewater collection system, as its name implies, is a network of underground pipes designed to carry wastewater from homes and businesses, to where the water can be treated and recycled. On the average, each person using the system sends from 50 to 100 gallons of wastewater per day. Some businesses within our treatment area send tens of thousands of gallons per day.
UAJA History
The Collection System, as we know it today, is a combination of the now-merged College-Harris and Patton-Ferguson Joint Authorities. Each of these former Collection Authorities built, operated, and maintained a wastewater collection system to provide service for their respective municipalities. The majority of this system was constructed about 30 years ago and has been extended annually by land developers, who have dedicated each newly built extension for UAJA. In late 1998 they merged with the University Area Joint Authority, the regional wastewater treatment facility. This effort puts the collection and treatment of much of the Centre Region's wastewater under the auspices of one entity. This merger not only makes our job easier, but also reduces the rates we must charge our customers for wastewater treatment.
Mainline Sewers
There are approximately 250 miles of mainline sewers, ranging in size from 8″ diameter to 36″ diameter. There are also approximately 5400 manholes in the system which range in depth from 4' to 22'. Wherever possible, wastewater is carried by gravity flow, but dispersed throughout the region are 18 lift (pumping) stations which lift the flow from a deep sewer and send it to a shallower sewer so that the gravity flow may continue to it's destination at the treatment facility. The collection system maintains the flow of sanitary wastewater only, and is not intended to, nor does it carry any stormwater.
Collection System Information
Credit Card, Electronic Check, and automated payments for your Wastewater Bill are now available.


Love of my life left me. My plans were to spend retirement traveling with her.
Now I just don't care what I do or care if I retire at least work keeps me busy and I kinda like my job. Please, no suggestions for another relationship. She will always be the love of my life not interested in anyone else.
Just want to know how to give a ___ about retirement.
i just want to say I agree that too much idle time can lead to brooding and ruminating and that's not a good place for your mind to go.
i know you're heartbroken, you don't need to know my reasons for being so and i know each person's sadness is unique to them, but i have found it helpful, after a period of mourning (death) (being left), to eventually get to a place where i remember happy times with a significant other no longer in my life.
for me, it truly has been like an oyster that when faced with grit (sadness) that's rough and hurt turns it into a smooth pearl whose edges have been softened so while the object (sadness) is still there inside me, it doesn't hurt as much over time if that makes sense.
how much time will that take for you? unfortunately, no one can say. would joining a grief group help?
i hope you can find some beauty and joy during this difficult time. maybe something as small as a rosebud on the verge of blooming that you can check every day to see when it does to give you something to do, look forward to, have a reason to go on.
I'm sure this is a really hard time for you. Sounds like it might be well to put off retirement at least for awhile.
When you do decide the time is right for retirement, make up your mind that your life will be different from this point on and, therefore, seek some new avenues that you've never tried before. I speak for myself because I retired several years after losing my husband and having no one else. At first I tried things I really wasn't that keen on but kept on trying to find out a fit for me.
I was 67 when I retired and I decided I liked to dance and so I joined a line dance group once a week and through that we would dance at nursing homes and that was fulfilling. Also, now I had time to take trips to places I'd always wanted to go. Also, joined a ladies group that just met together to have fun, no projects, etc. Through that group I made new friends that I was able to go on some short outings with, that we have lunch one a month and life has become really a joy because I decided that grief for a season is certainly real but we must go on and choose to be happy.
Retirement was thirteen years ago and, as you've probably heard many times. when did I have time to work.
Wendy: Just had to bold that one statement above! Love it!
It's not a spouse but we lost our 38 year old son in the first year of retirement. Is that different...in a way but still a huge change in our life to make retirement too much time to think....too much time for intense grief....just too much time for sadness. We didn't even live the first year we were in so much grief.
I had to then find something, part-time to do. You say you still have your job so keep it for awhile.
I know you are sick of hearing time helps but it does in that you learn to live your new normal. You may not like it, but you have no choice but live the new normal. We cry and miss our son everyday. We see his sons miss him so dearly.
But we have to live on. No choice.
I lost my husband 20 years ago. Here I am at 63, thinking about retirement. Its scares me to pieces. What will I do with myself?
I am used to being alone but quitting work scares me too. I don't have any hope for a new "love of my life" and most of my family is gone. So I can feel for you.
There is no clear answer except to follow your instincts and be open to what this next chapter in your life brings.
Lost my husband after 30 years of marriage then lost my sweetie after 10 years. Realize this is not the same as your situation but I do have some advice for you.
Retirement is such a huge change for everyone that I think you should keep working as long as you can otherwise there will be too much time to brood about your life and loss. You are lucky to have a job you like without a forced retirement right now.
In time you may very well find things that interest you and can focus on them rather than on the sorrow you feel today. The sorrow will never go away but in time and with hard work on your part you can build a new life full of interesting things to do and to think about. That's the time to retire when your options are open not now when they are not.
A new focus in your life may seem foolish now but otherwise you will have a life of unending sorrow and you deserve better than that.
I believe that and I wish you less sorrow in the future and steady options for new interests coming your way.
I am sorry to hear that love of your life passed away. I can not even imagine how you feel now...it takes time. You would never forget her, but you would not be so lost as now.
Please take care of yourself and i would think that it is a good thing you have a job and like it. it is not time to retire right now, for you own sake.
with great sympathy and warmness, Mia.
Hi...you did not give details on why your love left or how long ago.
As a woman we are often impulsive and crazy. I know I left my husband and was sorry a year later and he would not take me back (even with children).
If she left for someone else or if this was a long time ago, not sure what to tell you. But if it was recently and she didn't leave for someone else try cheerfully and pleasantly to get her back. Give her time and keep offering dates.
It is always difficult to move on when life changes.
We do not have a choice however, we must do so, it is only the direction that we get to choose.
Change comes whether we want it or not and this one sounds devastating.
My advice: Be kind to yourself, find support in some form you are comfortable with, and if I were you, I would keep working a little longer if only for the company and familiar routine. At some point you will feel better and then think about retiring.
Baby steps, taken gently will get you there eventually. Good luck!


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UK Anime Network - Manga - Sayonara, Zetsubou Sensei Vol. 2
Author: Andy Hanley
Andy has been writing for UK Anime since 2006, and was the site's editor-in-chief until August 2017. Contrary to popular belief, Andy is not actually a robot.
Sayonara, Zetsubou Sensei Vol. 2
Koji Kumeta
After marvelling at the satirical wonders of Sayonara Zetsubou Sensei's opening volume, Koji Kumeta's sharp-eyed and surreal masterpiece is back for its second English translated volume. Coming fresh from filling its first volume with introductions to the manga's various major characters and the humour that goes with them, you could well say that this second volume launches us into the series proper - Which means that it's time to take a deep breath and be prepared for frequent visits to the volume's translation notes, Wikipedia and the like if you really want to make the most of it.
As we noted in our review of volume one, the barrier of entry for anyone reading this manga is high due to both the style and substance of Kumeta's sense of humour, filling the pages as he does with references to Japanese and world culture and expert wordplay. If this was true of the first volume, then it becomes absolutely vital at times to the second, which really gets stuck into popular and classical culture as well as Japanese history - Thus, be prepared for jokes about Gundam and Dragonball on the one hand, followed by references to Nostradamus the next... and often in the very same panel!
Thankfully even without such in-depth knowledge or desire to research every word of this volume, there is still plenty on-hand to keep you amused - For example, even if you don't know who Commodore Perry is, you'll still laugh long and hard (and indeed cringe on occasion) at the efforts of the "Commodore" depicted here to open anything and everything he can get his hands on. There's also a hilarious anecdote written directly by Koji Kumeta himself about seeing his own work bought to be used as reference material for Gintama doujinshi, and who can refuse to consider buying a manga that a features an illustrated guide to the truth of the universe?
Visually, the artwork on show in this volume is similarly packed to the rafters with little details, somehow managing to squeeze in a ridiculous amount of humour and eye catching distractions (and when necessary a plethora of text) without ever compromising the simple yet stylish artwork of the panels themselves.
Overall then, this second volume of Sayonara Zetsubou Sensei may be heavy going at times (and much like the first volume, a second read-through of the manga is much advised once you've taken in all of the translation notes, which are once again brilliantly comprehensive), but if you can live with the knowledge that you won't understand all of the humour depicted here and simply make the most of what you can then you'll still be plenty amused and entertained by the antics of Nozomu Itoshiki and his group of equally dysfunctional students.
It's more heavy-going than volume one, but there's still a lot of razor-sharp humour to enjoy.


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DISCHARGE Sign to Nuclear Blast Records
Posted on November 4, 2015 by Discharge
Nuclear Blast Records are proud to announce the signing of British legends, DISCHARGE!
Formed in 1977 by Terry "Tezz" Roberts, his twin brother Tony "Bones" Roberts and Royston "Rainy" Wainwright, DISCHARGE are cited as a key influence by renowned artists such as METALLICA and ANTHRAX.
The band states:
"DISCHARGE are very happy to say we've signed to Nuclear Blast Records, a label that knows the genre and believes in what we do. We love the family atmosphere that revolves around the label and we are proud to be on their roster of great bands, some of whom are friends of ours. We're excited about our new album End Of Days, with three quarters of the original classic line up (Bones, Rainy and Tezz), plus Dave on drums and JJ Janiak on vocals – who captures the original DISCHARGE sound and spirit. Original drummer Tezz moves onto rhythm guitar, so this is the first time in the band's history that we've had a five-piece line-up. End Of Days are upon us, but it's just the beginning for us with Nuclear Blast…the nightmare continues!".
Nuclear Blast owner Markus Staiger adds:
"Signing DISCHARGE is a longtime dream come true. I grew up listening to hardcore and punk and DISCHARGE were one of my favorite bands from the beginning. DISCHARGE were more extreme and more fucked up than everything else. With their first EP, Why?, and their debut, Hear Nothing See Nothing Say Nothing, DISCHARGE created classics, which I know by heart and strongly influenced me. Bands like METALLICA, SLAYER, ANTHRAX, MACHINE HEAD and SOULFLY have covered songs by DISCHARGE, attracted by their British uniqueness. I'm proud to be able to welcome DISCHARGE to the Nuclear Blast family – In crust we trust!"
Their new album is planned for a 2016 release but the band just released a brand new song. Check out the clip of the track "NWO" here:
First confirmed tour dates for 2015/2016:
20.11. UK Wakefield – Warehouse 23
30.01. UK Belfast – Voodoo
26.03. B Aalst – Oilsjt Omploft Fest
01.04. UK London – T. Chances
28.05. USA Baltimore – Maryland Deathfest
18.06. F Clisson – Hellfest
23.07. UK Coventry – The Arches
04.-07.08. UK Blackpool – Rebellion Punk Festival
22.10. UK Cardiff – The Moon
More dates to be announced soon!
DISCHARGE are a British hardcore punk band formed in 1977. The band is characterised by a minimalistic approach to music and lyrics. A heavy, distorted and grinding guitar-driven sound and raw, shouted vocals similar to a political speech, with lyrics on anarchistic and pacifistic themes.
AllMusic calls the band's sound a "high-speed noise overload" characterised by "ferocious noise blasts". The band's 1982 debut album, Hear Nothing See Nothing Say Nothing, went to number two in the UK Indie Charts and number 40 in the UK Album Charts. In the early 1980s, numerous DISCHARGE singles and EPs landed in the top 10 of the UK Indie Charts, including the 1981 EP Why? and the 1982 single 'State Violence State Control'. Hear Nothing See Nothing Say Nothing paved the way for thrash metal, black metal, crust punk, grindcore and various extreme metal subgenres. The musical genre of d-beat is named after DISCHARGE and their distinctive drumbeat.
DISCHARGE is:
Jeff Janiak (JJ) – vocals
Tony Roberts (Bones) – lead guitar
Terry Roberts (Tezz) – rhythm guitar
Roy Wainwright (Rainy) – bass
Dave Bridgewood – drums
One thought on "DISCHARGE Sign to Nuclear Blast Records"
David Lemos
November 4, 2015 at 3:17 pm says:
David Lemos liked this on Facebook.
ASHES OF ARES Sign to Nuclear Blast Records
CARNIFEX Signs to Nuclear Blast Records
The Defiled Sign Worldwide Deal With Nuclear Blast
Thy Art Is Murder Sign to Nuclear Blast Entertainment!


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Information Portal»Biography»Kim Yo-han
Kim Yo-han | Srivideo
Biography | Posted: Thursday, 18th June
Kim Yo-han (singer)
Place of Birth: Jungnang-gu, Seoul, South Korea
Died: June 16, 2020 (aged 20), Seoul, South Korea
Education: Sangmyung University, Seoul Campus, Junghwa Middle School
Occupation: Singer, actor
Labels: Oui, Swing
Associated acts: X1
Kim Yo-han (September 22, - 1999 June 16, 2020), also known by the mononym Yohan (Korean: 요한), was a South Korean singer and actor. He debuted as a member of the South Korean boy group X1 finishing first on Produce X 101 in 2019.
Yohan was born on September 22, 1999, in Jungnang District, Seoul, South Korea. He has two younger sisters.
Prior to his debut, Yohan was a national taekwando athlete. He was a two-time champion at the National Youth Sports Festival.
2019–present: Produce X 101, X1 and solo activities
In May 2019, Yohan participated in the Mnet reality-survival program Produce X 101, to form an eleven-member boy group that would promote for 5 years under Swing Entertainment, despite having only three months of training. Yohan finished first in the competition, and debuted as a member and center of X1 on August 27, 2019, with it's debut showcase held at Gocheok Sky Dome. However, X1 would later disband on January 6, 2020 due to allegations of vote-rigging in the show.
Yohan was in talks to join the School series, School 2020. It was later confirmed in February 2020, with the show slated to air in August 2020. In April 2020, it was reported that the series had been cancelled by KBS due to casting controversy over the female lead role.
Kim Yo-han Official Social Network Profile/Page/Account:
Today Birthday: Kim Yo-han wiki, Information of Kim Yo-han, Kim Yo-han Profile, Kim Yo-han Age, Kim Yo-han Real Life Family, Kim Yo-han Date Of birth, Kim Yo-han Birth Place, Kim Yo-han Personal Life, Kim Yo-han Biodata, Kim Yo-han on Social networks, Kim Yo-han (@)Instagram Profile/account, Kim Yo-han (@) Facebook Profile/page, Kim Yo-han (@) twitter Profile/account, Kim Yo-han (@Kim_Yo-han_(singer)) wikipedia page, Kim Yo-han Lifestyle, Kim Yo-han DOB, Biography of Kim Yo-han, Kim Yo-han family background/ mother/ father/ brother/ sister's name, Kim Yo-han Birthday.
Links to Kim Yo-han:
Categories: 1999 births,2020 deaths,People from Seoul,South Korean male idols,South Korean male pop singers,South Korean male television actors,Produce 101 contestants,21st-century male singers,21st-century South Korean singers,21st-century South Korean male actors
Sulochana Latkar Biography, Height, Weight, Age, Family, Affairs, Social Media Profile, Wiki and More Jill Biden Molly Gordon Biography Lisa Hartman Black Jessica Origliasso


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IHS forecasts that the global market for Workforce Management solutions will grow steadily towards 2019. The growth is driven by the penetration of SaaS solutions (Software as a Service) and a greater adoption, especially among small and medium enterprises.
On the hardware side, the deployment of biometric terminals is the primary factor in creating growth.
This technology is developing rapidly, and the new possibilities mean that manual entries are replaced by biometric terminals where data is collected via fingerprint. This increases safety and reduces the possibility of cheating (buddy clocking). Mark Information recognizes this trend from the UK market.
With a market share in the Nordic region of 21.4% Mark Information is the largest in the industry there. Mark Information has enhanced its position as the largest supplier of Workforce Management solutions in the Nordic market since the market share has risen from 19.3% in 2013 to 21.4% in 2014. In particular, SAP and Kronos have declined in the Nordic region.
"The IHS report shows that the Workforce Management market continues to grow and that it is one of the important tools in the toolbox for the most efficient and productive enterprises. This places high demands on innovation and product development, and we therefore use about 20% of our revenue on development. So it is not surprising that Mark Information maintains its position as Scandinavia's largest supplier of Workforce Management solutions and continues to grow in the UK market," says CEO Torkel Olrik from Mark Information.
To serve as inspiration about a possible replacement of your company's existing solution, Findus, Hagen and Lantmännen Maskin have shared their thoughts on this process. Automation of administrative processes and demands for better management reporting play a major part when large companies decide to replace their present time-recording system instead of maintaining their existing solution.


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Echos Of Churchill - Ignore Netanyahu At Your Peril..............From Daniel Thomas
Making comparisons between world leaders is controversial and fraught with danger due to the polarised political preferences of their supporters and detractors. Looking at recent events in the middle east the controversy around comparing Israeli Prime Minister, Benyamin Netanyahu, President Obama and Prime Minister David Cameron, can be all but removed.
He may not have reached the stature of Sir Winston Churchill but judging by his pragmatic approach to Iran and global Islamic terrorism he is head and shoulders above the current candidates for the leadership of the free world, the aforementioned Obama and Cameron.
The similarities between Netanyahu and Churchill became abundantly clear after his recent prophetic speech to the American Congress while his contrasts with Obama and Cameron became embarrassingly more stark.
Netanyahu warned the world about the danger of a nuclear armed Iran in the same way that Churchill warned the world about German re-armament prior to Word War II. Then as now, the appeasers and collaborators ridiculed the messenger which consequently condemned the world to a prolonged and destructive war resulting in some forty million dead, around half of them civilians.
He warned the world that the ruling despots of Iran are insane enough to use nuclear weapons to precipitate a war with the aim of erasing Israel and the Jews from the face of the earth and setting up a caliphate. This echos Churchill's warning that Hitler's true motive for re-armament was to start a war with the aim of setting up a Jew free, thousand year Reich in Europe.
The administrations in the White House and Downing Street have either learned nothing from history or they are appeasers in the mold of Neville Chamberlain.
These administrations are doing the same thing today with the Ayatollahs that Chamberlain did with Hitler and the Nazis. He came away with the Munich Agreement written on his infamous piece of paper that guaranteed "peace in our time".
The only thing it guaranteed was more time for Hitler to continue building up his forces and acquiring modern weapons before he annexed Austria, invaded the Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia and Poland, exterminating their Jewish populations as he progressed eastward.
Prime Minister Netanyahu's impassioned warning not to trust the Ayatollahs fell on the deaf ears of the appeasers in the White House just as Churchill's warnings about Hitler and the Nazis were ignored by Chamberlain and the appeasers in Westminster.
Churchill's "sinews of peace" speech - perhaps better know as his "iron curtain speech" - delivered at the invitation of President Truman in Fulton, Missouri warned the world about the malign intentions of post war Russia to spread communism around the world.
The reaction to his speech wouldn't go amiss among the naive socialist/communist/progressive community of today. He was denounced as a warmonger and accused of insulting and denigrating a friend and ally. The great man was right, an iron curtain did indeed descend across Europe and anywhere between fifty and a hundred million people lost their lives as a result.
Like Churchill before him, Natanyahu's pronouncements on the enemies of civilisation are dismissed as warmongering and an obstacle to peace in the middle east by the appeasers, the collaborators and the facilitators of Islamification around the world.
In conclusion: Sir Winston Churchill was right in his day about Hitler and Stalin just as Netanyahu is right today about the Ayatollahs and radical Islam. If history repeats itself then millions of civilian casualties will be the legacy of the appeasers, the collaborators and the facilitators who refuse to learn the lessons of the past.
From Daniel Thomas at 22:57


Productos Medix SA de CV (Medix), formerly Laboratories Laif is a provider of research, development, manufacturing and marketing of pharmaceutical chemical products. The company's products comprise livermade, pylopac, imidex, seronex, feprorex, MZ1, redotex, terfamex, prepram,sinestron, antalgin, biolaif and dixoal, among others. Its products are used to improve the proper functioning of the organism in patients with deficiencies caused by diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome, among others. The company's dialicels allows more effective drug dosage. It markets its products in Mexico and abroad. Medix is headquartered in Coyoacan, Mexico.
Productos Medix SA de CV-Pharmaceuticals & Healthcare-Deals and Alliances Profile provides you comprehensive data and trend analysis of the company's Mergers and Acquisitions (M&As), partnerships and financings. The report provides detailed information on Mergers and Acquisitions, Equity/Debt Offerings, Private Equity, Venture Financing and Partnership transactions recorded by the company over a five year period. The report offers detailed comparative data on the number of deals and their value categorized into deal types, sub-sector and regions.
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We are bringing back our successful BBQ & Brews Fest at Roscoe Beer Co. this year, inviting various BBQ vendors of the region to display their best barbecue dishes for you to try and vote on. Each BBQ competitor will be trying to impress you with their specialty dish to be voted number #1 in the categories of "Peoples Choice" and "Overall Best BBQ". Along with the fantastic BBQ, there will also be a craft beer tasting tent featuring some the areas best craft breweries and distilleries. The day features a variety of local vendors that will be displaying their handmade goods, so plan to bring the whole family because there will be plenty of kids activities available for families to enjoy. Tickets for both tents can be bought online starting April 2018. You can either just enjoy the amazing BBQ dishes or combine them with access to our Craft Beer tent.


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We love November in Boston. At BG Events & Catering, we know that this time of year is special.
Though many companies in our client base are winding down their holiday planning process, there is still plenty of time to put together a really fabulous holiday event for your company or organization.
As so many of our holiday parties this year have already been carefully thought out and planned, we have had the opportunity to notice several trends, some of which are a continuation from last year's holiday party season.
We'd like to share with you seven of the corporate holiday party trends we've gathered so far this year.
1. Charity is big, and parties that give back are even bigger.
Many companies have always incorporated charity into their holiday parties. Some of the most popular include donations to toy drives, food drives and winter clothing drives. This year, many hosts and hostesses are into doubling their give back efforts, opting to give holiday gifts, holiday party favors and holiday party prizes purchased through gift companies that give back as well.
2. Main acts are out—smaller entertainment and social activities are in.
Gone are the days of the "main event," unless, of course, the main event is a speech by the President or CEO of the company (those days are still very much alive). Instead of a headliner at the event, a lot of organizations are choosing to book multiple smaller, more social activities and games. Where there used to be one big performance, there are now five smaller, wandering "acts," or interactive games and events for guests to enjoy.
3. Food stations are hot…and cold.
Much like interaction is crucially important to the party's entertainment factor, it is important in the food and catering factor as well. Participation is really the name of the game, and food stations continue to top the Holiday Parties Most Wanted list. Hot and cold food stations, chef-carving stations, and design-your-own stations are always a hit. We live in the age of customization, after all, and this concept really fits that want!
Global cuisine is extremely popular, and the holidays are no different. Of course, many organizations prefer to go the traditional route, serving ham or turkey, mashed potatoes, gravy, vegetables, etc. Some push to incorporate international twists on the classic holiday foods. Still, others opt to go as far as their imaginations will let them, utilizing Moroccan, Mediterranean, Brazilian or Japanese-inspired themes and their accompanying dishes. It's a fantastic way to make a holiday party stand out from the numerous other holiday parties that folks must attend during this season of merriment.
5. Company-wide or department-wide holiday party? It's a split decision.
Some companies are celebrating as a whole while others are letting each department celebrate on its own. The smaller celebrations open up the ability to host more "tailored" holiday events, such as venues of particular interest to a marketing team or games more suited for the IT department.
Larger, company-wide events allow members of each department the opportunity to meet and mingle with other company employees that they would otherwise never get to see.
6. Holiday parties get intimate when the boss plays host.
Some organizations' CEOs or Presidents have been opening up their homes for the annual holiday party. It's a more intimate, familiar and friendly experience for employees—which means more bonding opportunity for all departments—plus it saves significant funding that would have been spent on venue expenses.
7. It's an employee-client affair.
Some companies are choosing to open their holiday party guest list to more than just employees and spouses; they're inviting some of their clients to celebrate as well. This is an opportunity for the sales people and key staff members to network with clients, building an even greater rapport with the included clients. Additionally, inviting clients make those individuals aware of how important they are to the business, making them feel like a part of the organization's family by including them in company activities.
If it's holiday crunch time, and you're in charge, make sure that in all your hard work and preparation you've though of everything! Use our Company Holiday Party Checklist to ease your worries and give your co-workers the ultimate holiday party.
The holidays might be the biggest focus, but winter is a long season. Stay warm until spring with six of the hottest winter-themed cocktails.


For couples divorcing with kids, coping issues can sometimes cause unforeseen problems and delays. Acting out, fear, anger and anxiety may make the process more lengthy and painful for everyone involved.
A wealth of documentation proves that divorce has a stranglehold on the United States. The latest statistics by the US Census Bureau and other sources reveal that the rate of divorce hovers consistently around the 50% mark. Also documented across the Internet is a king's ransom of data about divorce and its significant impact on children. Take a look at the divorce statistics below for a clearer picture of how divorce may impact children.
Children raised primarily by single moms are 33 times more likely to suffer serious abuse and 73 times more likely to fall victim to murder. Source--Marriage: The Safest Place for Women and Children, by Patrick F. Fagan and Kirk A. Johnson, Ph.D.
The fear such information inspires warrants attention, but parents divorcing with kids must also take comfort in knowing that there are proven ways to prevent these outcomes.
The old saying, "prevention is the best cure" assumes a deeply profound meaning when it comes to reducing the negative effect of divorce on kids. As a parent, you already understand that you can't spare your children from all of life's abrasions, but with effort, empathy and vigilance you can strengthen their coping mechanisms during the entire process.
Just like most contemporary issues, divorce comes with an often burdensome load of information. Albert Einstein once said, "Information is not knowledge" and while that's likely true, it doesn't mean all information holds no value. The trick is learning how to glean useful data from conjecture, opinion and prejudice. The Internet holds the thoughts of a world in addition to professionally-developed theories and interventions. To make sure the data you acquire contains more than mere sentiment, try limiting your search to publications by mental health professionals, child psychologists and experts or divorce counselors.
While your vigilant quest for information is underway, don't forget that your child needs extra attention. In her own mind, her world is dissolving, causing fear, anxiety and perhaps even anger. Many parents who are divorcing with kids believe that children inherently understand the depth of the marital problems and don't need reassurance, but the reality is something else entirely. Even well-adjusted older children often come to believe it's their fault that their parents are getting a divorce. Don't spare the small things like frequent reassurances of love from both parents as well as telling your children that the divorce is not their fault.
Even when both spouses adapt well to a divorce, children may still experience serious problems. One of the most important ways of preventing some of divorce's negative effects occurs when parents recognize the need for professional therapy or intervention. Sometimes, giving children a venue of expression outside of the family lets them air their emotions in a safe, nonjudgmental environment and gain sound advice from a professional at the same time.
Emerging from divorce unscathed remains an elusive goal for families, but with tolerance, support, and positive co-parenting, children can endure and even thrive after their parents break up. By putting their differences aside and working together for the sake of the children, parents may feel they have regained a healthy sense of control over their own lives as well.


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Hebrew Summer Session in the News
http://www.dailyadvance.com/features/13-students-learning-hebrew-mid-atlantic-2536055
13 Students learning Hebrew at Mid-Atlantic
By Corinne Saunders
The Daily Advance
Two teachers chattered enthusiastically to each other in ancient Hebrew about a tree growing, which they demonstrated by setting increasingly large twigs in buckets in the center of their classroom.
Students aptly responded to the teachers' questions in the language some had only begun to learn two weeks ago.
These 13 students representing five countries are learning ancient Hebrew through a communicative method in a beginning, four-week course the Biblical Language Center of Jerusalem, Israel, is running at Mid-Atlantic Christian University.
Jordan Jones of Spartanburg, S.C., said last Monday that she had never even looked at the Hebrew alphabet before starting the class, but after just two weeks, she can already read and speak ancient Hebrew.
"They make it interesting; the teachers are very active (and) very expressive," Jones said. In using "total physical response," students are not only hearing the language but making real-life connections, and "you retain a lot more."
BLC Founder Randall Buth said these are the first beginner communicative classes on the ancient Biblical languages offered in the United States. Since 1996, they have only been offered at the BLC in Israel, and that is where they will take place next year again.
"What we're doing here is unique, has an efficiency and does things," said U.S.-born Buth, who lived in Africa for 20 years and has lived in Israel nearly 20.
"We wanted to come up with a system to take people and put them inside the language," he said.
Buth, accompanied by his wife Margret Buth, and Lee Fields, chair of MACU's Department of Biblical Studies, are co-teaching the beginning ancient Greek course in a room downstairs from the Hebrew class.
Daniel Lam of Hong Kong said he enrolled in the ancient Hebrew class "so eventually I can teach fellow Chinese to learn Hebrew."
The current method of teaching ancient Hebrew or Greek is "very ineffective" because students must first learn English grammar. That puts up an extra barrier, Lam said. "This method is more direct," he noted. "To me, it makes more sense."
One student, who is from the Midwest but has been in China for three years, agreed. He said this "living language method" is now replacing the old grammar translation way of teaching in Asia.
"This approach is especially good for teaching multiculturally," the student said. "They don't want to have to learn English to learn Hebrew or Greek."
Continuing on, the student said that he had studied Hebrew for a few years in seminary, but last weekend, thanks to this class, he had begun to see objects and think of them in Hebrew.
"It's not memorization of lists (of words)," he said. "You take the first few days and listen and listen and listen like a kid."
Jaco and Liza Lemmer, a couple from South Africa, were also pleased with the course.
Jaco Lemmer is studying to become a pastor, and Liza Lemmer teaches at a university in South Africa using the grammar translation method.
She hopes to be able to pick up the method from this course to "teach people Hebrew that will really benefit them."
Emily Wolf of Ohio and Hannah Edwards of Tennessee both aspire to be Bible translators with All-Nations Bible Translation--a young organization that is the first entirely Anabaptist group working on translation. Both young ladies are Mennonites, which is one group within the Anabaptist denomination of Christianity.
Edwards has learned "a vast amount in two weeks"--much more than she learned from two years of weekly French class, she said.
Wolf agreed, noting that she hadn't studied ancient Hebrew before, but the class "really helps to get the language inside you," so students understand when they read it or hear it.
Other students include Andy Huber, a native of Switzerland who has worked with Wycliffe Bible Translators in Tanzania for the past 6.5 years, and Noel and Kelley Lazo, a couple from Texas who hope to work with the same organization, but in Mexico with indigenous groups who don't have the Old Testament in their native tongues.
"Bibles in the language of their heart" have more meaning, Noel Lazo explained. "(The Bible is) the greatest treasure we have, and we want people to know God through His Word."
Scott McQuinn, one of the Hebrew teachers who holds a teacher assistant position at Fresno Pacific University, said he found this teaching method "more life-giving."
Instead of having to dissect every word, "I felt like I could open my Bible with more ease," he said. "I wanted to help other people do that."
McQuinn said it takes creativity to essentially "trick students into learning the language" while they are having fun.
Ben Kantor, a teacher assistant at the University of Texas at Austin and the other ancient Hebrew teacher for this course, said it's fun to speak in an ancient language, and teaching builds his own fluency.
McQuinn said ancient Hebrew "sounds kind of funny" to modern Hebrew-speakers, equating it to speaking Shakespearean English--comprehensible but definitely different.
The Greek forms of the words have changed enough, that ancient Greek is even "an extra step farther away" from modern Greek, Randall Buth said.
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Elizabeth City, NC 27909
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To obtain a full-time position as Sales Support Rep with Cox Communications. Acquired many years' experience in finance & accounting support during my career with CenturyLink. Provided formal & informal mentoring, coaching & training to peers. Recognized as a results-oriented and solution-focused individual.
Primary responsibilities to type, review, & correct all sales orders.
Part of a team to schedule cut-over of High-Speed internet from analog to digital fiber-optic.
Coordinate installation of phone, high-speed internet with DirecTV, for apartment customers.
Answer questions regarding pending orders or account status from installers/repair technicians.
Developed training methods for Business Telephone & Voice Messaging services.
Utilized as a manager/resource for other Sales Support Specialist.
Researched, fixed & processed sales orders that were in error status.
Determine source of difficulty with customer billing.
Answer intra-company calls & provide trouble-shooting assistance to other departments.
Where can I find a CenturyLink Sales Support Specialist resume example in Glendale, Arizona ?
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'Cause that's how we roll down here.
Pinkie: She'll be a crazy cat lady!
Twilight: She only has one cat?
Rainbow Dash: Eh.. needs to be 20% cooler!
That's not how you call a chicken!
Oh Wait. Now I remember! SCOOTALOO! SCO-SCOOTALOO!!
Fluttershy's not a tree silly!
Rainbow Dash thinks Fluttershy's a tree!
Did you say she's a tree?
Y'know she's not a tree right??
And people keep necroposting this.
Luna: "The fun has been doubled!"
Pinkie Pie: "No, I'm not! I'm a chicken!"
"We take Cash or Credit."


The Arizona Business Alliance was founded in 1974 and is one of the oldest and most respected business networking and sales leads organizations in the Phoenix metropolitan area. ABA is a category exclusive organization and is unique in its requirement that member representatives are generally owners or executive level managers. The mission of ABA is to promote the business of every member. This is accomplished through the mutual exchange of business and the recommendations of ABA members to other businesses.
ABA meets most Wednesdays at the Phoenix Country Club, 2901 N 7th Street, Phoenix, Arizona from 7:00 am to 8:30 am. For further information about ABA contact our office at (602) 331-7249.


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Q: Unique constraint violations on concurrent insert in EF Core I'm writing an ETL/data ingestion process for an ASP.NET Core 2.0 application.  The workflow is as follows:

*

*CSV is uploaded to Amazon S3

*Initial lambda function is triggered that "chunks" the csv into
many small files with 1000 records each.  The reason for this is to
work around Lambda's 5 minute runtime limit.

*Each of these "chunk" files trigger another lambda function that
actually processes the records and inserts/updates the Postgres
database.  This function uses a Parallel.ForEach loop thus
increasing the concurrency even further.
The data being loaded basically amounts to user data for a business application, but spans several tables.  The problem I'm running in to is that when two users with an identical new related entity are imported at essentially the same time, I end up with a unique constraint error because they both fail to find the related entity and attempt to create it, but of course one wins and then the second fails when it also attempts to create it.
I'm familiar with how to deal with concurrency when updating records using row-level locking and the like, but for inserts I'm not sure how best to handle the situation beyond maybe trying to catch the error and then look up the existing entity and attach it to the new user.  In other languages and frameworks I've used CreateOrUpdate sort of functionality to deal with this, but I can't find anything similar in EF Core.


Our terminus station at the southern end of the line. Most of our passengers join the Railway here with its easy access from the 'Midland Links' motorway network and the adjacent connection (approximately 50 yards) with the national railway network. This station was built in the mid-1980's by the SVR and is modelled on the design used for Ross-On-Wye station built by the Great Western Railway.
Parking YES – token operated. Park first and obtain an exit token from the machines on the car park or from the Ticket Office when you purchase your tickets. Cost is £4 per day. Other car parks are available on busy days.
See Refreshment Room below for menus.
Sales Gift-shop - access from the station platform. Confectionery stall and station fund kiosk.
Access information 10-minute walk into the town with an uphill slope on the return.
Kidderminster Railway Museum Located adjacent to platform 2, this small museum is packed with railway artefacts of all kinds and is full of atmosphere. Admission is free. The museum hosts a number of exhibitions annually which take place in the upstairs gallery. Visit www.krm.org.uk to find out more.
Coalyard Miniature Railway Located adjacent to platform 2, the miniature passenger-carrying railway usually operates on the same dates as our train service (small additional charge applies).
Kidderminster was world famous for its Axminster and Wilton carpets. This new museum about carpet manufacture in the town is just a ten-minute walk from the station down Comberton Hill towards the town centre. An admission charge is payable which is reduced on production of your train tickets. Visit www.museumofcarpet.org to find out more.
For general enquiries about our train service . . .
Timetable and special event enquiries, ticket enquiries & tickets in advance, restaurant car dining, group travel enquiries, footplate experience & online booking queries.
Also at this location: General Manager, Accountant & Company Secretary, Infrastructure Manager, Events & Footplate Experience Coordinator, Marketing & Communications Manager, Operations Manager (also for location film & television enquiries), Workshop enquiries (for further advice), Shareholder Services, Heritage Skills Training Academy & Accounts Department.
Kidderminster is served by a mainline station which is situated next to our own station.
(Moor Street & Snow Hill) and Smethwick Galton Bridge to Worcester via Kidderminster.
Chiltern Railways operate from London Marylebone to Birmingham (Moor Street & Snow Hill) via High Wycombe, Banbury and Leamington Spa. From Birmingham, an easy connection is available onto West Midlands Railway trains to Kidderminster.
From Birmingham New Street, most Arriva Trains Wales, West Midlands Railway and London Northwestern Railway trains heading for Wolverhampton call at Smethwick Galton Bridge; change here for West Midlands Railway services to Kidderminster.
Number One, Comberton Place, our Head Offices, are also situated here.


God sends his message of love.
"What happened in some of your lives this week that hasn't happened all summer?"
Good morning, boys and girls. I want you to help me sing a song today.
God loves all the people in all the countries in the whole world.