text:
Key Events In Kashmir Since British Rule Ended In 1947
In this Aug. 26, 1947, file photo, a cart loaded with children and household goods belonging to a Muslim family fleeing from Hindu India moves along a road near Lahore, India. In 1947 Britain left the Indian subcontinent divided as predominantly Hindu India and mainly Muslim Pakistan. Massive migrations of Hindus and Muslims to their country of choice trigged violence, leaving more than million people dead. (AP Photo/Max Desfor, File)
Some Key Events In Kashmir:
— August 1947: With the end of British colonial rule, the Indian subcontinent is divided into predominantly Hindu India and mainly Muslim Pakistan. A mass migration follows, with Hindus and Muslims moving to their country of choice, and more than a million people are killed in communal violence.
— October 1947: India and Pakistan fight their first war over control of Muslim-majority Kashmir, a kingdom ruled by Hindu Maharaja Hari Singh. The war ends in 1948 with a U.N.-brokered cease-fire, leaving Kashmir divided between the nations, with the promise of a U.N.-sponsored referendum.
— August 1965: A second war erupts over Kashmir, and India and Pakistan agree to a U.N.-mandated cease-fire in September.
— December 1971: The third war between India and Pakistan is fought in East Pakistan, ending with the creation of an independent country, Bangladesh.
— May 1974: India detonates a nuclear device in the first confirmed nuclear test by a non-permanent member of the U.N. Security Council.
— December 1988: India and Pakistan sign an agreement that neither will attack each other's nuclear installations or facilities; it takes effect in 1991.
— 1989: Armed resistance to Indian rule in Kashmir begins. India says Pakistan supports local fighters with weapons and training, which Pakistan denies, saying it only gives local Kashmiris "moral and diplomatic" support.
— May 1998: India detonates five nuclear devices and Pakistan responds by detonating six of its own. International sanctions are imposed against both.
— December 2001: India masses troops along its western frontier with Pakistan and the Kashmir boundary after blaming Pakistani insurgents for a deadly attack at the Indian Parliament. The standoff ends in October 2002 after international mediation.
— November 2008: Gunmen mount an audacious attack in India's financial capital of Mumbai, killing 166 people. India blames a Pakistan-based militant group.
— September 2016: Suspected rebels sneak into an army base in Indian-controlled Kashmir and kill at least 18 soldiers. Indian forces later attack militant bases in Pakistan-controlled Kashmir.
— Feb. 14, 2019: A car bombing of a paramilitary convoy in Indian-controlled Kashmir kills 40 Indian soldiers. Militant group Jaish-e-Mohammed, headquartered in Pakistan, claims responsibility. India blames Pakistan and promises a "crushing response."
— Aug. 5, 2019: India's central government changes part of the Indian Constitution and downgrades Jammu and Kashmir from one state to two territories. The changes eliminate Kashmir's right to its own constitution, limit its decision-making power, and allow non-Kashmiri Indians to settle there.
India Newsroom Pakistan The Associated Press


God delights in Israel and will rejoice as a bridegroom rejoices over his bride.
All spiritual gifts originate from the same Spirit.
Jesus performs his first sign at a wedding feast in Cana.
This Sunday we begin the liturgical season of Ordinary Time. For many Sundays in this lectionary cycle (Cycle C), our readings will be taken from the Gospel of Luke. Occasionally, however, we will read from John's Gospel. This is true of today's Gospel reading, which describes the beginning of Jesus' ministry and his first miracle.
To situate today's reading within the context of John's Gospel, we note that John's report of this event follows Jesus' call of his first disciples. John tells us that Jesus and his disciples were invited to this wedding at Cana, as was Jesus' mother, Mary. There is no parallel report of this miracle at Cana in the Synoptic Gospels.
In the Church's liturgical history, the wedding feast of Cana is closely associated with the baptism of the Lord and the adoration of the infant Jesus by the Wise Men. In this context, the sign Jesus performs at the wedding feast is celebrated as an epiphany or a manifestation of Jesus' divinity.
Yet awareness of Jesus' impending passion and death is ever present in John's Gospel. Even in this report of Jesus' first sign, the language used anticipates Jesus' passion. When Jesus says to his mother that his hour has not yet come, he protests against her wishes in language that John will use again when reporting Jesus' Last Supper with his disciples. When introducing the story of Jesus washing his disciples' feet, John writes that Jesus knew that his hour had come. In John's Gospel, Jesus is very much in command and aware of all that is to happen to him.
Here, as elsewhere in John's Gospel, Mary is not mentioned by name, but is referred to instead as the mother of Jesus. Mary is influential in Jesus' first sign. She will also be present at his Crucifixion, a witness to the final manifestation of his divinity.
John's Gospel describes seven signs that indicate Jesus' identity to his disciples. John never speaks of these signs as miracles because their importance is not in the deed that Jesus performs but in what these deeds indicate about Jesus' identity. Here, as when John describes the other signs, the disciples are said to begin to believe, but no mention is made as to whether the other wedding guests are even aware of what has happened.
Marriage and wedding feasts are metaphors used in Scripture to describe God's salvation and the Kingdom of God. Here at the beginning of Jesus' public ministry, John's Gospel seeks to establish that Jesus is going to re-interpret and fulfill Yahweh's promise to Israel. Jesus establishes the New Covenant. A hint about what this New Covenant will be like is made evident in the deed that Jesus performs. Asked to do something to address the awkward situation that the absence of wine at a wedding feast would create, Jesus' miracle produces vast quantities of wine—six jars holding thirty gallons each are filled to overflowing with choice wine.


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Knight Center for Environmental Journalism
Covering the planet
Journalists as scientists
Reader engagement
Sources: Be a good one
Changing press corps, changing news coverage at Michigan's Capitol
Eric Freedman
By Eric Freedman
This column originally appeared in Domemagazine.com.
When I joined the Lansing Bureau of the Detroit News, the paper was in the process of vastly expanding its Capitol staff to more than a dozen, including a photographer and political columnist. We were by far Michigan's largest bureau covering state government and politics.
That was 1984, when the newspaper's then-editor felt that major issues affecting Southeast Michigan as a region and the state as a whole could be better covered from Lansing than from Detroit. We had a House reporter and a Senate reporter. Another covered the governor's office. Still others covered prisons, the utility industry, social services, the attorney general, the environment and agriculture. My beat was covering the justice system, including the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals.
It wasn't perfect: Our bureau in a converted house on Seymour Street had too few computers and parking spots, and we sometimes tripped over each other as our beats overlapped. But stories from Lansing got great play on the front page. We had time for enterprise stories and investigative projects.
We had money to travel on assignment. We had enough staff to follow the goings-on at cabinet departments and commissions that have a direct impact on the day-to-lives of our citizenry.
Not to sound unrealistically nostalgic or curmudgeonly, but those were heady days.
And the News wasn't the only news organization willing to devote resources to state government coverage. Our major rival, the Free Press — although substantially smaller than the News' in Lansing staff size and circulation– was an aggressive competitor.
The Associated Press had four correspondents plus a photographer. Booth Newspapers — predecessor to today's MLive — had a hefty-sized and talented bureau. United Press International was here. So was the Oakland Press. A Detroit TV station stationed a journalist here full-time.
Overall, there's now far less competition, which translates into less aggressive coverage.
Two recent events brought this media history to mind for me.
First, a Capitol press corps reunion last August — organized by Larry Lee, erstwhile of Gongwer, and Lani Jordan, formerly of UPI — drew journalists and ex-journalists from the 1960s to the 2010s, most no longer in the news business. There were reminiscences and war stories. There were embarrassing moments and journalistic triumphs remembered. There were scandals relished and rehashed. There were friendships rekindled. And given that journalists were the focus, there were drinks and food.
Then the Senate Fiscal Agency invited me to an early January staff meeting to talk about changes in the Capitol press corps and how the Legislature and state government get covered, or don't get covered today. It was an opportunity for me to recall the 32-year trajectories I've participated in, including a continuing contraction of state government coverage. AP, down to two. Bloomberg down from one to none. The Detroit News and Free Press with a couple each. MLive Media Group recently laid off its Lansing editor, and the Michigan Radio Network did the same with a veteran reporter. No commercial TV station in the state assigns even a single journalist in Lansing full-time to cover state government and politics.
The Lansing State Journal is the dominant hometown news outlet for the state government's geographic community. Government and related services, vendors, public affairs-related nonprofits, and political and advocacy organizations are major employers and economic forces in its circulation area. Yet the number of LSJ journalists focused on state coverage has yo-yoed over the years. Many public affairs stories in the LSJ aren't original but come from the Free Press, also owned by Gannett.
Meanwhile, Michigan Public Radio is hanging strong — fortunately — with two strong and knowledgeable reporters. Archrivals Gongwer and MIRS continue to produce in-depth and comprehensive coverage for those who can afford to subscribe — and the comprehensive nature of their coverage underscores the gaps in what other news outlets cover. Inside Michigan Politics continues to provide insights for its subscribers.
Why so many drastic changes?
One easy answer are sea changes in the news industry and access to technology that have brought financial chaos — and sometimes oblivion — to many traditional print and news organizations.
The 24/7 news cycle that used to rule only the wire services is now standard as newspapers and broadcast stations constantly update their online content — often for news consumers who pay nothing for that content.
A reporter who used to generate one or two distinct stories a day now may end up doing multiple versions of a single story with updates throughout the day, tweets, blog posts, taking their own photos and shooting their own video. There's less time for the essential fact-checking, editing and context that would reduce mistakes and improve clarity.
Certainly we've long gotten our public affairs news and information from multiple sources — daily local newspapers, community weeklies, national dailies like the Wall Street Journal and New York Times, local and national TV news, commercial and public radio, TV interview shows and news magazines such as Time and Newsweek). Now we get more and more directly from advocacy groups, from politicians with their own cable shows, from bloggers and activists and from government agencies. Meanwhile, some Michigan newspapers have dropped AP membership, making them rely more on handouts from legislators, public agencies, members of the congressional delegation and other unfiltered news sources. I see press releases reprinted as if they were written by journalists.
And increasingly, the public isn't willing to pay for online news content — a lesson that most newspapers — with the prominent exception of the Wall Street Journal — were too slow to learn. And once you give content away free, it's tough to convince people to start paying for it again. That lack of revenue doesn't reduce the cost of gathering and reporting the news, however.
First, the shrinking number of journalistic watchdogs makes it easier for the ne'er-do-wells and their apologists to shield favoritism, incompetence, corruption and partisan hanky-panky from public scrutiny. And when there are fewer reporters at the Capitol, many stories about what government does well and gets right don't get told either.
Alongside independent media, we've long had publications with a pronounced political or policy point of view but with transparency about their funding, orientation and affiliation — such as publications from the Michigan Association of Manufacturers, the Sierra Club and the Mackinac Center for Public Policy.
Beyond those affiliated outlets and beyond established, respected brands of newspapers and broadcast outlets, it's often tough to weigh the credibility of a blog or online newsletter. While it's good for the public to have rapid access to a wider variety of sources of news and information, those sources often don't share the traditional professional journalistic commitments to fairness, balance, ethical standards and accuracy. Is there a partisan or ideological bias? An undisclosed or opaque affiliation? Hidden sources of funding? Are the writers and bloggers doing real reporting — conducting interviews, attending events, reading documents, seeking independent expert views, for example — or just ranting, spouting and making up "facts" to support their positions?
We've seen experimentation in ways to expand independent political journalism. On a national level, the biggest success story is Pro Publica, which describes itself as "an independent, nonprofit newsroom that produces investigative journalism in the public interest." It makes its work available to traditional print, broadcast and online news organizations and has won two Pulitzers, two Emmys and a Peabody Award.
Closer to home are Bridge Magazine from the nonprofit Center for Michigan on a statewide level and the Detroit Journalism Cooperative, focused on covering Detroit's "bankruptcy, recovery and restructuring." Both were created and operated primarily with foundation funding, opening the question of what would happen to such nonprofit journalistic enterprises if the money runs out.
"Betty Dupree," a classic Peter Paul and Mary song, has this chorus:
Lie down Betty, see what tomorrow brings.
May bring you sunshine, may bring you diamond rings.
But if you lose your man it won't bring you anything.
When it comes to the future of the Capitol press corps, I'd tweak the lyrics this way:
Lie down public, see what tomorrow brings.
But if you lose the press, it won't bring you anything.
This entry was posted in Eric Freedman on October 6, 2016 by Dave Poulson.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Усинский район

 Усинский район — в составе Енисейской губернии (1924—1925), Сибирского (1925—1930), Западно-Сибирского (1930—1934) и Красноярского (1934—1956) краёв;
 Усинский район — в составе Уральской (1926—1932), Свердловской (1935—1938) и Пермской (1938—1959) областей.
 Усинский район — в составе Коми АССР (1975—1984).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: My discord bot wont respond to the prefix I have set So basically I have been working on this bot for 2 days now for a friend's server so it can do the general things that he wants it to do. But I can't get it to respond to the prefix I have set for it.
Here is the code:
const Discord = require("discord.js");

const client = new Discord.Client();

const prefix = "$";

client.once("ready", () => {
    console.log("Bot is on!");
});

client.on("message", (message) => {
    if ($message.content.startWith(prefix) || message.author.bot) return;

    const args = message.content.slice(prefix.length).split(/ +/);
    const command = args.shift().toLowerCase();

    if (command === "test") {
        message.channel.send("test!");
    } else if (command == "youtube test") {
        message.channel.send("youtube test!");
    }
});

The token is at the bottom of the code but I didn't paste it here.

A: You are referring to message as $message which won't work, and the proper function name is startsWith() not startWith(). Also, you probably want to make sure the message does NOT match the prefix, so you should use !.
Change it to:
if(!message.content.startsWith(prefix) || message.author.bot) return;

A: In addition to @Dwosk answer, your problem is a typo mistake

using $message instead of message.

What is very common and hard to note if you're not using a good interpreter/linter.
Also, seems like your logic is not doing what you want to.

use ! to check for messages that does not start with the prefix to break the function.
if(!message.content.startsWith(prefix) || message.author.bot) return;
otherwise, you will be discarting all messages that start with your prefix ;)

Don't feel shame for it, those typo mistake are like trying to find grammar mistakes on your own text, you get blind.
This is why a good linter is recommended, I recommend you to try Visual Studio Code, it's a free open source IDE that comes with a decent linter for js languages and you can always extend it with community extensions to give you a better experience

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Ottawa & Region
Non-cyclists using bike lane, group says
Kelly Roche
May 28, 2012 • Last Updated May 28, 2012 • 2 minute read
Downtown residents who want to see the Laurier Ave. segregated bike lanes removed are crying foul over the city's lack of enforcement.
"You have no idea how many people practise their skateboarding between Bronson and Bay," said Janine Hutt, chairwoman of the Bay/Bronson Residents' Action Group for Fair Access to the Road (BBRAGFAR).
"It's the perfect, perfect opportunity, 'cause it's got a hill."
Non-cyclists were spotted by the dozens -- as first reported in the Sun on July 10, 2011 -- when the bike lanes opened.
Since then, three people have been charged under the Highway Traffic Act, said Ottawa police spokesman Const. Henri Lanctot, noting the penalty is a $65 fine.
Information found on the city's website states pedestrians and anyone operating a motorized vehicle that isn't classified as a bicycle under the HTA aren't allowed to use the segregated lanes.
The Sun spotted several Monday afternoon.
More than 275,000 cyclists have used the segregated lanes since opening day, according to numbers provided by the city last week.
"This spring, up to 2,400 cyclists a day are using the Laurier lanes and the numbers continue to increase," reads the statement.
"Last week saw the most trips counted in a single week --over 12,000."
Hutt maintains those figures are skewed.
"We have wheelchairs, we have rollerbladers, we have skateboards, and we have the electric bicycles and motorbikes that keep going up and down," said Hutt.
Citizens for Safe Cycling president Hans Moor acknowledges non-cyclists are being tallied in the official numbers.
"But they're actually insignificant numbers, so five out of the (thousands) that we had last week is obviously, statistically, not really important," said Moor.
He also said he hasn't heard many complaints about people, other than cyclists, who are using the bike lanes.
"I don't think it's a big problem because the cyclists do have their space here, and if they have to share it once in a while with somebody in a wheelchair, I don't think anybody cares," said Moor.
Last week, Hutt led a team of residents -- who are angry about the lack of parking resulting from the bike lanes -- and presented a petition with 2,064 signatures.
The Centretown community group is pressuring Mayor Jim Watson and city council to get rid of the lanes once the pilot project is over in 2013.
The dedicated bike lanes span eight city blocks -- from Bronson to Elgin -- through the business district.
kelly.roche@sunmedia.ca
@ottawasunkroche
View on Ottawa Sun
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