text:
Butts Primary School
Butts Road
WS4 2AH
Head: Mrs Angela Hill
postbox@butts.walsall.sch.uk
Butts is slightly smaller than the average-sized primary school. Almost three quarters of pupils are of minority ethnic, mainly Pakistani, heritage. Over half of pupils speak English as an additional language.
A high proportion of the pupils  around half - are disadvantaged pupils who are supported through the pupil premium (additional funding provided by the government for pupils known to be eligible for free school meals and children looked after by the local authority). The proportion of disabled pupils and those who have special educational needs is below average.
No pupils attend alternative provision.
The school meets the government's floor standards, which set the minimum expectations for pupils' attainment and progress.
After the school was placed in special measures following its last inspection in May 2013, it received interim leadership support from the headteacher and deputy headteacher of Alumwell Junior School nearby. Following the resignation of the previous headteacher in February 2014, the governing body sought to formally federate with Alumwell Junior. Federation was ratified in May 2014, and the two schools now have a single governing body. Alumwell's headteacher is now also executive headteacher of the federation. The former Alumwell deputy headteacher, who provided interim support, was appointed as substantive headteacher of Butts in May 2014.
Confidence interval is -1 to 3.4
WELL ABOVE NATIONAL
Confidence interval is 1.5 to 5.7
ABOVE NATIONAL AVERAGE
Review Butts Primary School
Show All Walsall Schools


A third night of rioting around London had at least one British writer pondering the lessons of L.A's own unrest in 1965 and 1992.
Writing in the Telegraph, Tim Stanley concludes that America had gone from a bleeding-heart country where the Watts riots were seen as the growing pains of civil rights to one in which the poor were blamed in 1992 for lacking in personal responsibility.
Between 1965 and 1992, the American public (black and white) lost its sympathy for rioters.
It's true: In 1992 we talked of rebuilding what was then called South Central Los Angeles -- to bring Targets and Ralph's and jobs there -- but it was new immigrants who brought revitalization to the area.
President Clinton slashed entitlements for the poor: The L.A. riots were seen as a private-sector problem. Koreans were blamed for attitude, Latinos for looting, African Americans for violence. Class chasms, fleeting opportunity and institutional racism took a backseat.
And yet, for all the talk of investment and employment post-riots, L.A. never really regained the jobs it lost to the aerospace implosion that preceded the 1992 unrest. And Latinos in recent years, as we reported last week, have lost about two-thirds of their wealth during the real estate crisis. The song remains the same.
So, hey, London, thanks for the preview.


text:
Mixed Up Mommy
Who is Mixed Up Mommy?
Anxiety/Depression, Reblogs
Joy Behar is the New Ignorant (reblog)
April 26, 2013 Rebecca Gaunt	Leave a comment
Joy Behar is the New Ignorant
By Debbie Costello Smith (original post here)
I was watching The View the other day, largely because Bradley Cooper was on to discuss his role in Silver Linings Playbook. The movie is about a man who has bipolar disorder and has a setback after a traumatic personal event. It just so happens that it is set in Philadelphia, Cooper's hometown and mine. Cooper went out of his way to assert that the director wanted an "authentic" portrayal of the protagonist, and nothing disparaging was said about the character, just that it was hard to play when trying not to stereotype his challenges. Joy Behar, allegedly an educated woman who is a former teacher, in preparation to asking him a question, said something like "there were a lot of crazies in this movie." Then, without any apparent catalyst, said: "Bipolar is the new black." I was astounded and honestly, angry. I told my husband what she said, to which he responded: "Joy Behar is the new ignorant." I thought it was a perfect retort.
At first, I intended to write to The View, or maybe even write on Ms. Behar's Facebook or Twitter account (not sure if she has them); however, I decided that the responses would probably only serve to aggravate me further. I honestly don't trust the attitude of the population at large about views on mental health. I was sure she would take cover in being a comedian. I actually enjoy sarcastic humor. On this occasion; however, it was awkward, uninformed and inappropriate. Whoopi Goldberg tempered the comment by saying that she was black, but not bipolar. As another comedienne, Whoopi might have been being sarcastic, but it came off as a way to offset the inappropriate comment.
Bradley Cooper ignored the remarks and maintained a professional demeanor as he again reiterated the intent of the director to present an accurate picture of the challenges of the disorder. At the time, I hadn't seen the movie (I have since), so I didn't have an opinion on the movie. My reaction to Ms. Behar's comments was visceral. There are actually two parts to her slur: (1) referring to characters as "crazies" and, (2) suggesting that bipolar disorder is the new trend. These opinions are definitely suggestive of the stigma that impedes progress in diagnosis, treatment and self-esteem.
Let's take the first part…."crazies." For that moniker to be assigned to characters in a serious movie is ignorant. Let's say this was a Monty Python movie. Crazy could be a term that would fit some of the characters and their behaviors. They are supposed to be over the top. Crazy referring to people who are struggling with mental illness is unacceptable from anyone, never mind someone who professes to have worthwhile opinions. I am sure that there was a time when people who had medical diseases, like chronic migraines, were called "crazy" because effective diagnosis and treatment weren't developed. Symptoms were real. Pain was real. Crazy they were not.
The disappointing thing to me was that there was no uproar after the fact. When one of The View members says something that people take offense to, the following day or so, they clarify their intent and often apologize. Not another word was said in ensuing days. I watched the movie this past weekend. I didn't find the characters to be crazy in any way. Yes, they had some exaggerated responses to things, but that is the nature of bipolar disorder. What was significant to me was that the so-called "normal" people in the movie had quirky behaviors (Robert De Niro was obsessive compulsive and a bookie/gambling addict; Cooper's psychiatrist was an avid Eagles fan who painted his face half green at games, etc.). This is life. We all have some unusual habits or beliefs. In the case of Cooper's character, his behavior often crossed into the realm of mania – the point where it was diagnosed an illness and interfered with his life. Cooper's and Jennifer Lawrence's characters actually came through at times as the more stable and insightful of the group. They rose above their challenges and accomplished something really significant to them. Crazy is an insulting term that had no place in the discussion.
The second part, "bipolar is the new black," was so flip and ignorant that I was actually dumbfounded. Where the hell did that come from? Why was that even necessary to say? She obviously doesn't know from what she speaks. One in four people suffer from a mental illness. Three people in a hundred have bipolar disorder (10 x that number if creative). The cost of disability for mental illness is greater than all cancer and heart diagnoses combined. Statistics indicate, however, that a small portion of people with mental illness ever get care (lack of insurance, stigma, cost of prescriptions, etc., etc.). I spoke with a world-renowned expert on bipolar disorder and asked if he believed that BD was being over diagnosed. He adamantly disagreed with that assessment; in fact, studies show that BD Type II is many times more prevalent than currently thought.
There is more discussion about bipolar disorder, not because it's trendy, but because people are beginning to talk about it. I'm taking a course on the relationship between mental illness and society and it's enlightening. One author suggests that reduction of stigma and improved outcomes will only happen when there is a coming together of a community bound by a similar cause. In the case of mental illness, many people are still hesitant to admit that they have a diagnosis in that realm because of the reaction of others…maybe because of the attitude of people like Joy Behar. What's sad is that she is supposed to be intelligent, educated and informed, at least capable of asking relevant and researched questions. If she were performing in her role as comedienne, one could possibly be more forgiving (although that form of comedy would still be completely tasteless), but she was assigned the role of interviewer.
I'd like to think that she was an isolated case of bias and ignorance. I prefer to think that people are better informed and that they are learning more about bipolar disorder with more empathy toward those who deal with its challenges. Unfortunately, I think her views are more common than I'd like to believe. I wanted to scream at her. I wanted to be a guest on the show and tell them what I've learned. Unfortunately, I've contacted shows before with no response. I'm not connected in that world. I take some solace in the fact that Bradley Cooper never sunk to her level; that he had the courage to portray a man with acute bipolar symptoms in a very compassionate way; and, that he is now speaking out about the stigma surrounding the disease. We can only hope that people who are connected like him will be able to mobilize that community strength that will educate the public and Joy Behar.
In the meantime, go see Siler Linings Playbook, if for no other reason than to support mainstream cinema willing to address the subject in a winning way. I was never impressed with Cooper when he was chosen as People's Sexiest Man. I am now impressed with his courage, empathy and tolerance of uniformed and rude interviewers. I am proud that he is a fellow Philadelphian. I'd say Go Eagles! , but I still have to live in Atlanta and I love my adopted Falcons. Even some of the most emotional opinions can be changed.
Here's hoping for a new view on mental illness and more Bradley Coopers.
Joy Behar leaving 'The View' (bostonherald.com)
Bipolar Disorder (dessylinta.wordpress.com)
The Bipolar Marriage: An Interview with Heather Tobin (thereseborchardblog.com)
Bipolar disorderBradley CooperDebbie Costello SmithJennifer LawrenceJoy BeharRobert De NiroSean CostelloSilver Linings PlaybookViewWhoopi Goldberg
Previous PostWhy, why, why is it so hard to get my child his medication?Next PostWhatever happened to quality?
Living in Atlanta, loving travel and watching my son kick tuberous sclerosis complex's butt.
Spreading the word about TSC in:
Why is Sen. Ben Watson turning his back on Georgia's cannabis patients?
Accredo Pharmacy Problems (4)
Anxiety/Depression (4)
Athens Georgia (2)
Boston TSC Study (6)
Guest Bloggers For TSC Awareness Month (78)
Modified Atkins Diet for Seizures (3)
Ordinary Life (38)
Reblogs (2)
Reviews and Giveaways (5)
Things to Do Around Atlanta (8)
Tuberous Sclerosis (190)
Catch up on what you've missed…
My Instagram Photos:
I've created a monster. I've heard Surfin' USA 900 times this week.
New phone, who dis narcissist?
I mean, sure, you can take my iPad away, but then I'll just disappear.
Perfect face, perfect sky
@JohnFugelsang Every. Time. 11 hours ago
Imagine a world where your Explanation of Benefits...explains your benefits. https://t.co/8biFOGQkTy 17 hours ago
RT @JayHulmePoet: This is UNHINGED. The kind of people who do this walk onto public transport with open umbrellas and never close them. The… 20 hours ago
RT @JayHulmePoet: This... Is actually true. Clench your vaginas in sympathy while I explain... 1 day ago
I'm going to be a nightmare senior citizen. I already can't even buy lightbulbs without getting pissed off and confused. 1 day ago
Follow @rebeccagaunt

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
<!DOCTYPE html>

		<title>Contadoria - Tutoriais</title>
		<meta charset="utf-8">
		<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
		<meta name="generator" content="Jekyll v{{ jekyll.version }}">
		<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ site.baseurl }}/css/screen.css">
		<link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="{{ site.baseurl }}/apple-touch-icon.png">
		<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="{{ site.baseurl }}/touch-icon.png" sizes="192x192">
		<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="{{ site.baseurl }}/images/favicon.png">
		<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Merriweather:400italic,400,300italic,300,700,700italic|Open+Sans:400italic,600italic,700italic,700,600,400|Inconsolata:400,700">

{% include logo.html %}

					{% include navigation.html %}

Tutoriais

Encontre ajuda sobre como instalar e utilizar as planilhas de cálculo e os complementos.

					{% include search.html %}

				{{ content }}

		{% include footer.html %}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Join the IWL on March 22 and learn to make authentic, Neapolitan pizza while snacking and enjoying wine at Kesté Pizza and Vino! The evening will include a pizza class, salad, dessert and wine. "Kesté" means "This is It" and it was voted "#1 Pizza in New York" by New York Magazine.
Shop their unique collection of clothes and accessories!
Thank you to all who shared Columbus Day with us.
We are proud to announce that after years of dedication as Chairwoman and President of the It alian Welfare League, and Chairwoman of its Bambini Committee, Bea Tusiani has been appointed Chairwoman Emerita. Bea has been tireless in her efforts developing our Bambini Program and much admired for expanding it while reaching out to hundreds of Italian-American children. This program is well-known throughout the Italian-American community and Bea Tusiani's name is synonymous with its importance and success. Please join us in congratulating Bea on achieving this admirable and much-deserved position.
Bea Tusiani is the author of a memoir entitled 'Con Amore' and a children's book entitled 'The Fig Cake Family' both of which are rooted in her Italian heritage and, 'Remnants of a Life on Paper', a mother-daughter dialogue that chronicles the struggles and anguish suffered by a family with a member living with Border Personality Disorder (BPD). Bea's writing has appeared in The New York Times, Newsday and other publications. She founded the Writers Network of Long Island, and the Frances Hodgson Burnett Collection at the Manhasset Public Library.
In addition to writing, Bea has been involved in many civic-minded activities. In particular, she and her family established the Borderline Personality Disorder Resource Center at New York Presbyterian Hospital in White Plains in memory of her daughter Pamela. She also has a seat on the Board of Emotions Matter, a non-profit organization founded by her other daughter, Paula Tusiani-Eng, to raise awareness and offer advocacy for those affected by BPD.
Among Bea's societal contributions, of particular significance is her heroic efforts in 'reconstituting' the Italian Welfare League. At the turn of the 21st Century, the Italian Welfare League was in transition. By then, the immigrant population had assimilated into the American culture and fewer and fewer cases warranted the kind of social services the League provided.
The tragic circumstances of 9/11 were a seminal turning point for the 98 year-old organization. When the League learned that nine expectant mothers whose husbands perished in the Twin Tower disaster would be having babies of Italian descent, it provided them with the means to purchase immediate necessities. Soon afterward, other cases involving children of Italian descent, who were disabled or suffering from emotional trauma, were identified and the groundswell of hardship cases led to the founding of the League's 'I Nostri Bambini' program.
Bea personally supervised the cases and helped select other child-oriented special needs service providers to receive IWL grants. In addition to processing individual recipients, she created a system for selecting the grantees, maintaining contact with recipients' families and established a means of monitoring the grantee organizations. Bea served as a chairwoman of the League's 'I Nostri Bambini' program for 17 years and trained her successors, Celeste Marchione-Maltzman and Giovanna Stellari, who are current co-chairs of the program.
By the end of 2018, the League expects to surpass $2 million in donations to its Bambini. Aside from her writing, Bea Tusiani has been a tireless worker and advocate for those less fortunate and most in need among us.
– Join us for an evening of fine dining and Award-winning Italian wines, presented by Antinori Vineyards.
IAF is a registered 501(c)3.
The tax-deductible portion of your payment is $125 as a charitable contribution.
Congratulations to our Chairwoman, Linda Carlozzi, for making Crain's NY's list of 100 Leading Women Lawyers in NYC!
Ekavi Boutique is holding a sale to benefit the IWL. The reception will be Thursday December 14, and sales continue on Friday and Saturday, Dec 15-16. 10% of the proceeds will benefit the IWL.
Click here for details on our recent Annual Luncheon, October 29th, 2017.
The IWL was happy to host 5 of its grant recipient families on our float in the Columbus Day parade.
The Italian Welfare League enjoyed dinner at Tiro a Segno – a private club on MacDougal Street and the oldest Italian heritage organization in the U.S. Sal Spatola sang old Italian standards and guests had access to the Club's popular target shooting range.
The League attended Chazz Palminteri's "A Bronx Tale" on Broadway on April 6, with a special cast Talk Back after the show.
In 2015, the IWL augmented funds raised by the Eslinger family to acquire a service dog. The current ECAD newsletter celebrates Timothy and his new dog Sky Rocket.
In 2016, the Italian Welfare League participated in it's fifth Columbus Day parade.
Thank you to Adults & Children with Learning and Developmental Disabilities, Inc. for featuring the IWL in their Summer Newsletter.
This year's Theater Night and Talk Back was at "On Your Feet", the inspiring story of Gloria and Emilio Estafan. Special thanks Josh Segarra, Doreen Montalvo, Omar Lopez-Cepero, Clay Ostwald, Member of the Miami Sound Machine as well as the other members of the cast for their insightful "Talk-Back". Special thanks to Patrick Vaccariello for making it happen. It was a great night!
The cast answers questions from IWL members and guests.
Private Talk Back session with the cast.
Matthew was treated to a Harlem Globetrotters show and his brothers and sister also received gifts as part of the IWL's annual Adopt-a-Child-for Christmas program.
The IWL has donated to ACLD (Adults and Children with Learning and Developmental Disabilities) for many years. Please click on the link below to read their feature on us on page two of their Winter 2015 newsletter.
Lord & Taylor Shop Smart & Do Good – Westchester store. Shoppers purchased a $5 pass from the IWL and got discounts on all items in the store.
The Italian Welfare League took part in New York City's annual Columbus Day Parade on Monday October 12. We celebrated our 95th anniversary and our float carried many of the children we have helped throughout the years.
Friends of the League gathered for an evening of shopping hosted by Alex & Ani, with light refreshments and a raffle.
The Italian Welfare League was proud to honor Natalia Quintavalle, Consul General of Italy, at the Columbus Citizens Foundation.
Big Love at the Signature Theater. This night out with the League included a pre-theater, prix-fixe dinner at the KTCHN restaurant in the OUT NYC Hotel.


text:
Home News GA223 public witness seeks to create a "Matthew 25" church
Office of the General Assembly Communications
GA223 public witness seeks to create a "Matthew 25" church
Opening worship offering to provide bail relief in St. Louis
Jerry Van Marter | Office of the General Assembly Communications - June 5, 2018
Reclaiming the prophetic voice of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) for social, racial, and economic justice, the 223rd General Assembly (2018) [GA223] will take an unprecedented active role in addressing conditions in St. Louis and other cities that devastate the poor and oppressed. The assembly meets June 16–23. The call for the PC(USA) to be a "Matthew 25 Church" was issued by the 222nd General Assembly (2016).
General Assembly Stated Clerk, the Reverend J. Herbert Nelson, II, who was elected to the denomination's top post in 2016, has challenged the denomination to do more than just meet as committees and worship, but to also put our polity and statements and faith in action. "We don't want the Presbyterians to be simply another convention that comes to town, meets, spends some money, and then leaves without engaging the people and communities" says Stated Clerk Nelson.
GA223's public witness in St. Louis began more than a year ago through Nelson's Hands and Feet initiative, which provides opportunities for groups to engage in weeklong service-learning projects in St. Louis' most underprivileged neighborhoods. Five groups will be engaged in such immersion experiences during the assembly. Read Paul Seebeck's and Donna Jackson's Presbyterians Today story about the initiative.
Perhaps the most significant event of GA223's public witness in St. Louis will be a march, scheduled for June 19, from the America's Center (St. Louis' convention center) to the City Justice Center a little less than a mile away, where hundreds of people are incarcerated for low-level offenses and cannot afford to pay cash bail. The City Justice Center refers to them as "inmates."
At the conclusion of the march, the entire offering from GA223's June 16 opening worship service will be given to pay the bail and immediate needs of individuals being held pre-trial. To do this, we are working with a collaboration of local organizations including The Bail Project, St. Louis Action Council, Arch City Defenders, Decarcerate STL, Faith for Justice, Metropolitan Congregations United, and now the PC(USA). Arch City Defenders will accept the offering on behalf of this collaborative work, and will immediately begin bailing out persons who have been prescreened by the Bail Project for release.
General Assembly Co-Moderators Jan Edmiston and Denise Anderson recommended and the Committee on the Office of the General Assembly approved the use of the opening worship offering for the Bail Project "to take to the streets Tuesday the 19th at 3:00 p.m., following local St. Louis leadership, to call attention to the injustice of our cash bail system," says Tom Hay, director of assembly operations, "and to do something concrete about it."
Unaffordable cash bail is one of the largest drivers of the mass incarceration epidemic in the U.S. Over the last fifteen years, increases in pretrial detention accounted for 99 percent of all jail growth. Recently the term "debtor's prison" has come back into use as jurisdictions have returned to the practice of imprisoning poor persons for non-payment of fines or fees and those who cannot afford cash bail. This vicious cycle of arrest and incarceration results in mounting fines, job loss, lost custody of children, incarceration of the innocent, and costly fees. Every church and Presbyterian can participate in this offering with the link and make a real difference in the lives of the most marginalized. A link has been created on the GA223 website for those who wish to contribute.
The march, as is customary with the PC(USA)'s partners in St. Louis—where demonstrations at the City Justice Center are an almost daily occurrence—will be conducted without a permit and led by religious and community leaders in St. Louis. Prior arrangements have been made with the St. Louis Police Department and the PC(USA)'s Office of Legal Services is working to provide local legal representation in case anyone is arrested. "We are not expecting any trouble," Hay insisted.
For assembly-goers who are unable—for physical, moral, or legal reasons—to engage in the march, Compassion, Peace and Justice Ministries will conduct a concurrent program at the convention center on the issues surrounding the mass incarceration epidemic in St. Louis and the country.
The Bail Project screens incarcerated persons for bail assistance based on need, the amount of bail (trying to aid persons whose bail is less than $5,000 so more people can be helped), and family and employment circumstances. They also screen for outstanding warrants in other jurisdictions, not wanting to bail out individuals only to have them picked back up again immediately on another charge.
Bail Project volunteers also work to make sure support services are provided—rides, coordinating with family, phones, and the like. Then when the individual's case is resolved, no matter the outcome, the bail money is returned to the Bail Project, and used again to help another individual.
Other activities related to GA223's public witness in St. Louis include:
A pre-assembly conversation Saturday morning, June 16, on poverty, violence, and racism.
A mission project Monday morning, June 18, to help St. Louis County clean up abandoned homes and yards in the county.
A public rally Tuesday, June 19, at noon, to express solidarity with migrants and immigrants in the St. Louis area, sponsored by the Office of Immigration Issues and Presbyterian Disaster Assistance.
A service project, Churches on the Streets, Tuesday evening, June 19, to reach out to people experiencing homelessness, sponsored by the Hispanic/Latino/a National Presbyterian Caucus.
A tapas meal and prayer vigil for justice and the healing of St. Louis, sponsored by Compassion, Peace and Justice Ministries, Tuesday evening, June 19, at the Marriott Grand hotel.
A jazz concert on Thursday, June 21, starring Grammy-winning musician Kirk Whalum and celebration of the Hands and Feet initiative.
"Presbyterians don't depart the world to come to the General Assembly," says Nelson. "We come to the General Assembly precisely and specifically to engage the church AND the world around these issues of poverty, violence, and racism."
Author: Jerry Van Marter | Office of the General Assembly Communications
Department: General Assembly
Tags: bail project, bail relief, ga223, general assembly, matthew 25, public witness, st. louis


text:
Ein İlçe (türkisch; Diminutiv von İl) ist eine Verwaltungseinheit der Republik Türkei und der Türkischen Republik Nordzypern. Im Deutschen wird der Begriff häufig mit 'Landkreis' übersetzt, was früher von der Struktur und dem gebietsmäßigen Zuschnitt weitgehend eine Entsprechung bildete. Das İlçe war jedoch im Gegensatz zum deutschen Landkreis seit jeher ein staatlicher Verwaltungsbezirk ohne kommunale Organisation für ausschließlich staatliche Hoheitsaufgaben. Vor der Bildung der  kam es daher vor, dass in den Großstädten Istanbul und Ankara auch innerhalb dieser Städte für einzelne Teile derselben İlçes eingerichtet wurden, was dann nicht mehr dem Bild eines deutschen Landkreises entspricht.

Ein İlçe wird von einem Kaymakam verwaltet, der von der Zentralregierung ernannt wird und dem  der übergeordneten Provinz (İl) berichtet und an dessen Weisungen gebunden ist. Ihm untersteht mit Ausnahmen von Justiz und Militär die gesamte lokale Staatsverwaltung. Für İlçe wird gelegentlich auch als ältere Bezeichnung Kaymakamlık verwendet, die im Übrigen auch das Amt und die Dienststelle eines Kaymakam bezeichnet.

In 30 der 81 Provinzen der Türkei stellt eine  die kommunale Verwaltungsebene der Provinz dar, die in mehrere İlçes aufgeteilt ist, die ihrerseits wieder territorial genau einer Belediye entsprechen. Die Provinz (İl) unter der Leitung des Vali und das İlçe unter Leitung des Kaymakam repräsentieren dabei die staatliche Verwaltung innerhalb der Provinzgrenzen, während die kommunale Verwaltung durch die Büyükşehir Belediyesi unter Leitung des  und der diese bildenden Belediyes jeweils unter der Leitung ihres  vertreten wird.

In den restlichen Provinzen (İl) gibt es jeweils einen als  bezeichneten Distrikt, der unmittelbar dem Vali untersteht. Das verbleibende Territorium ist in İlçes unterteilt. Auf dem Gebiet der İlçes und dem Distrikt des Vali existieren mindestens eine Gemeinde und Dörfer. Die Gemeinde, die Zentrum des İlçe ist, hat dabei eine hervorgehobene Stellung und wird häufig selbst auch İlçe genannt. Für andere Gemeinden im İlçe wird die Bezeichnung Belde verwendet.

Die Türkische Republik Nordzypern ist in fünf administrative Distrikte (İlçe) unterteilt: Distrikt Lefkoşa (Lefkoşa ilçesi), Distrikt Gazimağusa (Gazimağusa ilçesi), Distrikt Girne (Girne ilçesi), Distrikt Güzelyurt (Güzelyurt ilçesi), Distrikt İskele (İskele ilçesi).

Geschichte
İlçe ist der im Zuge der türkischen Sprachreform eingeführte Name für eine Verwaltungseinheit, die zuvor als Kaza bezeichnet wurde. Dies waren im Osmanischen Reichs ursprünglich die Sprengel der Kadıs, die nicht nur die Inhaber der Scheriatgerichtsbarkeit, sondern auch Richter für das säkulare staatliche Recht waren, im Beurkundungswesen tätig waren und allgemein die zivile, nichtmilitärische Verwaltung leiteten. Üblicherweise gab es in einem Sandschak mehrere Kazas, die aber keine Untereinheiten des Sandschak waren, sondern über eine eigene Hierarchie verfügten. Vielmehr wurde mitunter bei Abwesenheit des Eyalet- oder Sandschakgouverneurs auch der Kadı zu dessen Vertreter bestellt. Andererseits gehörte es zu den Aufgaben des Kadıs, die Ernennungsdiplome der Gouverneure zu prüfen und in die Register einzutragen. Aus Ankara sind zwei Fälle bekannt, in denen der Kadı solchen Schreiben die Anerkennung versagte. Die Kontrolle der Amtsführung erfolgte durch gesonderte Inspektoren (müfettiş). An der Spitze der Hierarchie standen jeweils  die beiden Kazasker von Rumelien für den europäischen und von Anatolien für den asiatischen Reichsteil bzw. der Kadı von Ägypten.

Im Zuge der Tanzimat-Reformen wurden die Kadıs schrittweise auf die Rolle als Richter in Angelegenheiten der Scharia beschränkt und der Kaza wurde als eine Untereinheit in den Sandschak eingegliedert. Die Leitung oblag einem Kaymakam. Insoweit war der heutige Organisationsstand erreicht. Unterteilt war der Kaza in Nahiyes.

Nach der Türkischen Verfassung von 1921, die die bisherige Verwaltungsorganisation des Osmanischen Reiches übernahm, bestand nach Art. 15-21 ein İlçe aus mehreren , die jeweils in mehreren Nahiye (damalige Bezeichnung für Bucak) zusammengefasst waren, und Kleinstädten (Kasaba), die ebenfalls rechtlich als Nahiye organisiert waren. Die Bucaks wurden später sukzessive aufgelöst. Ab dem Gemeindegesetz von 1930 begann man, die einwohnerstärkeren Ortschaften als Gemeinden (Belediye) zu organisieren. In den 1940er Jahren, endgültig 1960 wurden die Bezeichnungen turkisiert: Kaza wurde zu İlçe und Nahiye zu Bucak. Die Bucaks, eine Hybridform aus Staats- und Selbstverwaltung fielen im Lauf  der Zeit faktisch weg. 2009 gab es nur mehr einen einzigen Bucak mit einem tatsächlich im Amt befindlichen Verwaltungsleiter (bucak müdürü).

Die Zahl der İlçes bei der Gründung der Republik, damals noch Kazas genannt, betrug 500. Bis 2009 erhöhte sich ihre Zahl auf 892.

Literatur

Einzelnachweise

Verwaltungsgliederung der Türkei
Verwaltungseinheit in der Türkei
Verwaltungsgliederung der Türkischen Republik Nordzypern
Verwaltungseinheit in der Türkischen Republik Nordzypern
LAU-1-Ebene

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Navigation menus is a regularly used term in WordPress Glossary which allows a user to create custom menus in WordPress to display WordPress posts, pages and custom links. Check this article to know about Navigation menus in WordPress and uses of Navigation menus in WordPress?
Menus or Navigation menus is a theme feature in WordPress which allows a user to create custom menus in WordPress. Users can add WordPress posts, pages, categories and custom links to navigation menus using drag and drop functionality. Users can change their menu items appearance by adding custom classes.
Some WordPress themes support multiple menus so that a user can create header, footer and secondary navigation menus for their blog. Users can also add their custom navigation menus in the sidebar using widgets.
What are the uses of Navigation menus in WordPress?
[Read more…] about What are Navigation menus in WordPress?


We at NWA Dent Repair pride ourselves in the quality of our work and the dent removal services we provide.
Those annoying little dents diminish the value of your vehicle. We remove them without a trace and without the need for body fillers or paint!
You will be amazed at what we can repair. Check with us before the body shop. If we can fix it, we will cost much less than a body shop. If we can't we can still help you.
Paint-less Dent Repair (PDR for short) is the preferred method of repairing hail damage by all major insurance companies. We can even help you with all of the paperwork if a claim is needed to be filed.
Toyota studies report that every dollar spent on cosmetic repairs results in a 4 dollar increase in value of the vehicle. If you are thinking of selling or trading your vehicle in, get a free report first and see how much money you could gain.


This painting was from an original panoramic view of Chicago sky line in 1991 from the Michigan side. I began this in 1992 and after so many weeks of painting lighted windows in buildings I sat it down for years. Nineteen years later Feb. 22, 2011 it was completed. I had some difficulty with the shoreline but after advise from a fellow artist and teacher, Jerry Miller, I was able to get that straightened out. I remember when I started it the sky was so overcasted the painting was dark. I decided in 2011 to make pockets of more darkness with speckles of stars. It made the whole project more interesting and with all the lights in the sky and the lights in the city the obvious name "Chicago Night Lights" was appropriate.


text:
content >
Tom Hutchinson's Wartime Diary
Submitted by barbaramerchant on Mon, 2013-09-09 18:21
Thomas Henry HUTCHINSON [1897-1986]
Book type:
Diary / Memoir
Dates of events covered by this document:
Sun, 1943-08-08 to Fri, 1944-12-29
The Hutchinsons: Sarah, Girlie, James, Bea, Tom, c1937
My grandfather Thomas Henry Hutchinson was born in Shanghai in 1897 to Eurasian parents. He worked for Guest, Keen and Nettlefolds (GKN), a British engineering company. At the outset of the Japanese war with China in 1937, GKN sent him to Hong Kong to establish their South East Asia office in a location of relative safety. Tom, his wife Sarah, daughters Bea, Girlie, and son James arrived in Hong Kong in October 1937. They rented a flat on Prince Edward Road, above what is now the Flower Market.
When Hong Kong was captured by the Japanese in 1941, the family was not interned because they were stateless. They remained in their flat, and subsisted on what Tom managed to buy at the markets in Mongkok and Shamshuipo, while he raised chicks on their verandah, and made his own bread. He sold their belongings ranging from clothing to furniture and his photographic supplies (he was an amateur photographer) to pay for food and other necessities. Their income was supplemented by occasional remittances from his brother Fred in Shanghai, and Girlie's salary when she started working for Dr Lum (actually Dr K.C. Lam, 268-270 Lai Chi Kok Road, Kowloon). Bea moved out of the family home upon her marriage to Y.C. in January 1943.
The diary is essentially a record of Tom's income and expenditure, a medium through which he conveys a clear picture of their precarious hand-to-mouth existence. The currency in use was the Japanese Military Yen (¥), imposed by the Japanese occupiers. The exchange rate from October 1942 was HK$4 to 1¥, with hyperinflation from 1944.
Their diet was monotonous though nutritious, and we get some idea of the seasonal availability of various fruit and vegetables. The family sweet tooth is much in evidence from the constant purchases of sugar in its many forms, and while Tom toils over his yeast cultures and bread doughs, Girlie's determined emulation of Marie Antoinette is delightfully uplifting.
This diary covers the period from 8 August 1943 to 29 December 1944. Tom stopped writing up his diary abruptly on this date possibly due to Allied bombing of Japanese installations nearby. The family left their flat and moved in with friends in Homantin.
The diary is tiny: it measures 6cm by 13cm, and Tom wrote in it in pencil and in increasingly minute script to conserve paper. His handwriting is difficult to read, and he often used his own system of transliterated Cantonese to record his purchases, eg Tsoong, for spring onions. Sarah was a Japanese Eurasian, so there are some transliterations of Japanese, eg Shoyu, for soy sauce, and also of Shanghainese, like Lobo for Chinese radish. I have provided a list of translations and abbreviations, and also a list of the foods that Tom managed to buy in the markets, in case you find it difficult to read his writing. Tom also wrote in shorthand occasionally, and I am indebted to Barbara Anslow for deciphering some of these passages.
The family lived in this block on Prince Edward Road, Kowloon. © T.H. Hutchinson
Tom Hutchinson's Wartime Diary is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License.
The original diary was donated to the Hong Kong Museum of Coastal Defence.
Translations and Abbreviations
Tom spoke English mostly, plus Shanghainese and Cantonese. His wife Sarah was Japanese Eurasian, so some Japanese words were used in the home. Tom recorded what he bought in the market in English, except for the distinctly Chinese ingredients, which are translated below from his transliterations:
Baak gwor Ginkgo nuts
Ba(a)k choi/tsoi Bok choy – Chinese cabbage with white stems
Baat kok Star anise
Black Tai Black bream
Brinjal Portuguese/South Asian for aubergine/egg plant
Choi sum Chinese flowering cabbage
Choong Spring onion/scallion
D(a)i gon Long white radish, possibly pickled
Doong Gwar Marrow or Winter melon
Dow foo Beancurd
Foo Yu White fermented beancurd
Gai tsoi Mustard greens
Gai laan Chinese kale/Chinese broccoli
Gow Tsoi Chinese chives
GwanDaar ???
Har zee Shrimp eggs
Heen Small clams
Hoong Sam Yu Golden Thread fish
Kow Choi Chinese chives
Kum Tsum Golden needles: dried Day Lily flower
Lien Ngow Lotus root
Lobo Long white radish (Shanghai pronounciation)
Loong-ngan Long An fruit
Lor Mai Glutinous rice
Lungnan meat Long An fruit, flesh only
Meen see Fermented bean paste
Mo chi Rice cakes
Mui gon tsoi Mui choy is preserved mustard greens
Nam yu(u) Red fermented beancurd
Oong Choi/Tsoi Ipomoea aquatica, Morning Glory
Sargot/Sarkot Swede
Shoyu Soy sauce (in Japanese)
SiyangChoi Watercress (Shanghai pronounciation?)
Sum shue Root vegetable similar to yam
Tai – Red fish Red coloured sea bream
To-foo Beancurd
Toong Gwar Marrow or Winter melon
Tchoong Spring onion/scallion
Tseet Gwar Fuzzy or Hairy melon
Tsoong Spring onion/scallion
Wai sung fun Type of flour?
Wong Yu Type of fish
Wong Far fish Yellow Croaker fish
Woo Tow Yam
Commonly used abbreviations:
Blk Mkt black market
c or cat(s) Catty/catties (Chinese weight measurement: equiv to 1 1/3 lbs or 605g)
cab cabbage
ch chicks/chickens
¢ sometimes Catty/catties, sometimes cents/sen
CRB Central Reserve Bank of China – issued CRB Yuan
pce(s) piece(s)
SSPo ShamShuiPo
sw pots/s pots sweet potatoes
t tael(s) (Chinese weight measurement: 1/16th of a Catty)
Y.S.B. Yokohama Specie Bank
¥ Japanese Military Yen
Food bought in markets
This is a list of the food items Tom managed to buy, in addition to those in the translated list. They are recorded in the order in which they first appear in the diary:
Sweet potatoes, salt pork, cucumber, oranges, rice (ration), star fruit, rice biscuits, ginger, green papaya, shark liver, bamboo shoots, salt, beef, whitebait, peanut oil (ration), tins of Golden Syrup, sugar – white and brown (ration), cube sugar, bananas, coconut oil (ration), (Irish) potatoes, false mackerel, limes, black treacle, cat fish, ray liver, bean sprouts, berries, shark, chilli, dried whitebait, persimmons, shrimp paste, dried peas, flour (ration), dried black dates, egg yolk, pork fat rendered, fried beancurd, milk, sardines, shallots, pumpkin, beef tails(?), long(?) potato flour, sweet potato flour, red rice, cakes, bran, cabbage, candy, mackerel, dried salt cabbage, banana, arrowroot(?), squid, bean paste, chilli paste, peanuts, sugar candy, sago, peppers, melon, bulgar, rice mixed with gram (beans)(?), garlic, salt duck eggs, tangerines, beef bone, salt fish(?), salt minnows, egg flakes, lettuce, tofoo residue, suet, carrots, rolled wheat, papaya, dried duck, duck, cuttlefish, kale, starch (ration), spinach, barley, eel, tomatoes, eggplant, Yellow Lable soy sauce, green peas, squash, root flour(?), curry powder, French beans, slab sugar, onions, beans, string beans, fried cakes, Tientsin cabbage, egg albumen, egg yolk powder, soya beans, dried long radish, herring, red beans, sesamum, boiled pigskin, mint, shrimps, apricots, conger eel, King fish, horse beans, plums, pork, long beans, wheat, duck eggs, beef suet, rice mac. (?), shell fish, pig's blood, unhusked rice, pomelo, conpoy, seaweed, rolls, rice rolls, green oysters, baby yam, biscuits, small mooncakes, tins mushroom sauce, puffed rice(?), ray, mochi rice, fresh olives, lard residue, dried baak tsoi, tinned fish, pop barley, celery, cow's foot, three Lushus Jellies.
He also bought food for the chickens they kept, such as small shrimps, gow tsoi (Chinese chives), rice bran, heen (clams), small fish, rice husks, cabbage, crabs.
The chickens provided eggs and some meat. Tom used the egg shells as a calcium supplement baked into bread. He planted peas in flower pots, also mint sprigs, and potato eyes, chilli seeds, celery.
Mongkok
Start reading...
Click here to start reading the pages from this document.
Thanks for this. A unique
Permalink Submitted by brianwindsoredgar on Sat, 2013-09-14 13:42.
Thanks for this. A unique insight into survival during the occupation.
Is there a page I've missed telling us more about Mr. Hutchinson? If not, I'd be grateful to learn more.
Permalink Submitted by harryhktc on Sat, 2013-09-14 17:18.
Any additional info regarding your Grandpa after the war ?
As an amateur photographer he may have taken some equally fascinating pictures.
Thanks if you've just added
Thanks if you've just added this! When I accessed the page on my Android it started with 'Abbreviations and Translations' and didn't contain the very interesting information I now find (on a laptop) above.
Permalink Submitted by barbaramerchant on Sat, 2013-09-14 17:38.
I'm hoping to put up some photos once I've got the rest of the diary online.
Most of the Hong Kong photos are of family, but there are some fascinating views of the Prince Edward Road area from 1937 onwards.
I have sent his pre-1938 photos taken in Shanghai to be digitised by the University of Bristol (Prof Robert Bickers' department) and some may be added to the Historical Photographs of China website.
I'll add my thanks to
I'll add my thanks to Barbara, for sharing her family's diary with us, for persevering with this site's idiosyncracies to post the pages, and for taking the time to present all the information so well.
I'd also be interested to hear what happened to the family after liberation. Did they go back to Shanghai, or ...
Thanks David. The family
Permalink Submitted by barbaramerchant on Sun, 2013-09-15 22:32.
Thanks David. The family continued to live in Hong Kong after WWII, and were joined by Fred (mentioned in the diary) who came down from Shanghai with his family in the early 1950s. My grandfather eventually retired as General Manager of GKN SE Asia. The core of the family has remained in the Prince Edward Road area to this day, although some of us have disperse abroad....and returned.
Schooling during WWII in Hong Kong
Permalink Submitted by barbaramerchant on Tue, 2013-09-17 16:16.
In his diary, my grandfather mentions paying his son James' school fees of ¥4.00 per month between August 1943 and April 1944. James attended DBS, which was closed during the war years, and used as a military hospital by the Japanese. I cannot find anything about classes being held outside of the school in To Serve and to Lead: History of the Diocesan Boys' School Hong Kong, nor is it mentioned in http://www.dbs.edu.hk/aboutdbs/DBS_Brief_History.pdf
Does anyone have information on what schooling was available during WWII in HK, and if any of it related to DBS? James was aged 14-15 at the time.
Here's a brief note:All
Here's a brief note:
All schools in Hong Kong closed at beginning of the occupation. In early 1942, the Culture and Education Department ran a Teachers' Training Course that aimed to instil the Japanese culture in students who upon graduation became qualified teachers. In August 1942, over 20 primary and secondary schools reopened and the governor announced that newly edited textbooks should be used to provide "a new direction for Hong Kong education" that incorporated the "merits of Chinese and Japanese culture". School opening ceremonies included saluting the Japanese flag, singing Japanese anthems and paying respects to the Japan Imperial Palace from afar.
Page 93, Hong Kong during the Japanese occupation, by Cheng Po Hung.
Many thanks David. James has
Permalink Submitted by barbaramerchant on Thu, 2013-09-19 09:48.
Many thanks David. James has just said that he remembers being taught by nuns during the war, but he can't remember where it took place. The nearby Maryknoll Convent School was similarly closed, and the Sisters had to leave HK (http://www.mcs.edu.hk/mcs_1213/info_hist.htm). Perhaps there were some local nuns who stayed? Another possibility could have involved St Mary's Canossian College in TST: on 17/4/44 Tom records that he paid for "8 exercise books for St Mary's".
Yes, St Mary's is a
Permalink Submitted by David on Sat, 2013-09-21 22:28.
Yes, St Mary's is a possibility, though I don't know if it stayed open during the occupation or not.
I'm not sure about nuns, but there were foreign priests in Hong Kong during the occupation. As Italy and Japan were allies initially, Italian priests were relatively free to move around. And even the American Maryknoll Fathers were allowed out from Stanley Camp: http://gwulo.com/node/14051
"In early 1943, six months after the first schools had been given official permision to start up again, only 3,200 pupils were going to school compared with 110,000 before the invasion." Pg 175, The Fall of Hong Kong, by Philip Snow.
Sargot , according to the
Permalink Submitted by wingcli2015 on Thu, 2015-01-29 18:26.
Sargot , according to the wikipedia, is called Pachyrhizus erosusz or Mexican Yam
Pachyrhizus erosus - yes you're right! Amazingly was recently for sale in a local farm produce stall not far from where Tom and family were living, during WWII. I asked them what the strange bulbous root was called, and they said Sar Got. I was transfixed.
Two Chinese translation to be added
14 April 1944 Bow Tsii =Buns
19 April 1944 Gook = a kind of Chinese Dumplings
extra translations
Many thanks! I see the "gook", but do you think the "bow tsii" might be "gow tsoi" as there is only one dot over one i, and the o might be flattened? There again, all his other "o"s are well-formed.
If you can translate GwanDad at 7/4/44, 10/4/44 and 24/4/44 I would be most grateful! In the latter case, the G in Gwandad looks like the first letter in "gow tsoi" which you saw as "bow tsii".
Gwan Dad
Gwan Dad Not Bwan Dad when you compare with the G in Gow .
It is another spelling for Gwan Daad.
Also 12th March 1944 1c Gwan Daad C?? .25
Can you figure it out?
C?? might be Cab. = cabbage?
Gwan Daar / Gwan Dad
Permalink Submitted by AY on Wed, 2016-09-07 00:42.
I think Gwan Daar C refers to "君達菜", which is Swiss chard or a local variety of Swiss chard. I guess C stands for Choi (vegetables) in Cantonese. This vegetable is not quite common these days.
Hope that it helps.
Gwan Daad
Permalink Submitted by barbaramerchant on Wed, 2016-09-07 13:21.
Many thanks! Mystery solved. I can see it elsewhere now with that pronunciation. Barbara
Wai sung fun
Permalink Submitted by bunce on Thu, 2017-11-30 12:50.
My guess of "wai sung fun" would be 衛生粉. Probably washing powder.
Schools during the Occupation
Permalink Submitted by Tideswell27 on Wed, 2017-12-13 08:53.
A little bit off-topic, but I note with interest the brief conversation above concerning schools in HK during the Japanese Occupation. Mention is made of the Diocesan Boys School.
I recently visited KG V school near Argyle Street in an official capacity, which was constructed in the early 1930's I believe. I was very interested to note the information boards which the School authorities have placed on the Main Building and also the playing field pavilion.
The latter board mentions how the occupying Japanese forces used the pavilion as a "torture chamber" from 1942 - 45. It quotes a former military person from that period visiting the School many years later, reminiscing that many of his chums / colleagues etc. suffered within the confines of that building.
Surprising what you find in Hong Kong when you look around!
1960s Jordan Road Ferry Pier


This is the April book for the Women in SF Book Club. I've been trying to read each book a month ahead of time, here at the start of the year, because I just know I'll fall behind at some point… and those who know me know that I am nothing if not a completionist and a perfectionist. It's a failing. Eh.
So, I began. And to be honest, the first chapter did not work for me. I don't mind being thrown into a world headfirst, but this was a bit nuts. And I'm not sure why, but none of the characters were immediately engaging, so I neither knew who they were nor (immediately) cared to find out. I was worried that this was going to be another book to struggle through so that I could an informed and scathing commentary when the Book Club came around (which is what will happen with Darkship Thieves tonight…ETA: now!).
At the end of the first chapter, Mr Dunworthy has seen his star pupil, Kivrin, sent off to the Middle Ages via a time machine (basically). In the second chapter, Dunworthy and his friends go off to the pub, concerned but trying to be positive about Kivrin's chances; there's some worry over how the whole event has been organised. And all of a sudden… I cared. I don't know why. I can't pinpoint a moment when the people began to matter, or when I began to be engaged with the individuals and their concerns. But I think it was in this second chapter, with the minutiae of life in Oxford; and then the third chapter, with Kivrin recalling how she got the gig to be sent back in time and then waking up in the Middle Ages. And the description of the environment, Kivrin's reactions to it… it grabbed me by the scruff of the neck and forced me to keep reading. And keep reading. And I read the 669 pages in two days.
I really, really enjoyed the book. Obviously.
The other reason I liked the near-future sections was for their utterly normal feel. The futuristic elements were quite muted: "the net", whereby Kivrin was sent back in time (and others, too – it's regarded as nearly normal); some aspects of government, such as the quarantine measures; and a few medical things that hardly warrant much attention. But it would be easy enough to ignore those, and read it as set in our contemporary world. It's very believable and enjoyable.
Of the medieval sections I was, as mentioned above, more suspicious. I was beyond annoyed, by the way, with my copy of the book, which says on the front "Kivrin wanted to study the Black Death, not live it…" because actually NO, she was not interested in the Black Death, and by the way SPOILER!! since she only realises that she's in the 1340s – twenty-odd years off the time she was expecting – MORE THAN HALFWAY THROUGH. Gah.
Anyway, I was pleasantly surprised with the medieval village Willis created. She didn't try to do too much: staying in one village, with a fairly small number of people, and not really getting into the politics or anything was sensible on many levels, not least of which was allowing the reader to get to know and care about a smaller number of characters. I liked that Kivrin's interpreting software didn't work perfectly and that there were many surprises, large and small, about the realities of medieval life – things that historians do squabble about. Kivrin as a character didn't really do much for me; she was likeable, and I sympathised when things went badly, but I didn't ever entirely identify with her. Of the others, the only one for whom I felt much sympathy was the priest, Roche. The others were not developed enough for me to desperately want to understand. Perhaps the most telling part of my reading experience was that when the book flicked to the 21st century, I wasn't that impatient to return to the 14th.
Tansy warned me that I would cry because of this book (actually, she told me to buy a box of tissues). I understand why she said this. However, I did not cry. There are probably a few reasons for this. The first might be that I was warned; the second may be that I am cold-hearted, as several people suggested! But third, and perhaps most to the point: I am a medieval historian. I know the reality of the Black Death. Nothing that happened to Kivrin, nothing that she experienced, was a revelation to me; there was no surprise in any of the events nor in people's attitudes. I felt most sadness at some of the events in the near future. And fourth, I was also prevented from bawling because I read it too fast. I had to read it fast because I had to know what happened, but it meant that I didn't form the emotional bond with the characters that I might have with a more leisurely read-through. Not that I'm regretting it; I thoroughly enjoyed the book and had enough of an emotional connection that I certainly regretted deaths and rejoiced at survivals. It's also possible there's a fifth reason that I didn't cry: that Willis didn't give me enough of the characters to make me want to cry. I think this is probably most true of the medieval characters; at least, they're the ones I felt least attached to. I was closest to tears when I found that Dr Mary had died; that it happened while Dunworthy was unconscious, and that young nephew Colin has been so stoic through it all, was closest to being heart-breaking.
I think I understand why people rave about Willis. I have Blackout/All Clear on my to-read list, and it will definitely stay there… but it won't get bumped up to must-read-or-will-cry level.


text:
Voter Game Plan
Explore Our Guides
Ask Us Questions
Get Your Ballot
Meet Your Mayor
Voter Game Plan: Your Guide To The Nov. 8 General Election
Everything you need as you prepare to vote — study our interactive guides, ask questions, print your sample ballot and more.
Sheriff Candidate Questionnaire: Britta Steinbrenner
Published May 16, 2022 11:34 AM
LAist sent all candidates for L.A. County sheriff the following questionnaire. Below are the responses from candidate Eli Vera, an L.A. Sheriff's Commander. Their responses have been published in full, without any editing.
We also have a full overview of the sheriff's race.
Sheriff's Capt. Britta Steinbrenner.
(Courtesy Steinbrenner for Sheriff)
What do you think is the number one thing that needs to change at the Sheriff's Department and how would you change it?
As Sheriff I plan to address all crime increases head on through tangible and trackable methods and change our response in how we are handling these crime increases. Crime rates are up, especially violent crimes including: Homicides, Robberies, Assaults and Hate Crimes. I created a policy on how I will address these increases in crime that includes a multi-pronged approach consisting of:
New Voter Game Plan For The November 2022 Elections Coming Soon! Check Back In Early October. Have a question in the meantime? Ask it now, we're here to help.
1.) Improve and implement New Sheriff's Department tactics by creating regional task forces in the north, south, east, and central patrol divisions to target high crime areas, to include smash and grabs and monitoring crime trends.
2.) Develop new and improved partnerships with the business community. Create Business Watch districts in retail business corridors and manufacturing areas and hosting monthly town hall meetings.
3.) Expand Community partnerships and work more closely with the residents we serve.Create new positions known as Community Liaison Deputies who will work directly with neighborhood organizations to better represent the department.
4.) Create a Hate Crime Task Force to combat Hate Crimes affecting all ethnicities and the LGBTQIA+ communities.
Sheriff Candidate Britta Steinbrenner Talks About Her Candidacy
5.) Implement external strategies and efforts to change and modify portions of Propositions 47 & 57.I am committed to working with the State Legislature to draft the changes needed to both Proposition 47 and 57 to help reduce crime.
6.) Create a Social Media Page for businesses to be informed on crime trends directly affecting businesses. This platform can also be used by business community members to communicate and share information locally.
As Sheriff, I will work with elected officials, the business community and the public to protect the residents that we serve. I want to work with the District Attorney to make sure these criminals are prosecuted. In times like this, leaders need to lead, and given the opportunity I will lead us in this fight.
Do you think the department needs more deputies? If so, why, and how many more?
The Department is in dire need of more qualified and committed personnel who view this as a career and not just a job. New candidates must recognize that we are public servants and must be committed to help the community we serve.
In order to conduct an accurate assessment of how many deputies are needed and the 'why' justification, I will conduct a thorough audit of our current personnel to determine factual staffing needs, true vacancies and the number of Deputy Sheriff Academies needed to keep up with our annual attrition rates, contract needs and expansion.
Currently we are approved by the Board of Supervisor to conduct four academies a year. Each academy has a 20% attrition rate wherein the recruit does not graduate, so this number must be added to address current needs.
As of March 27, 2022, the Sheriff's Department is budgeted for 8,271 deputies with 603 current deputy vacancies. Past administrations have always kept 300 deputy positions vacant to help balance the books and provide funding for overtime expenses. The current sheriff did away with this salary saving model for reasons unknown but has proven to be cost effective during past administrations.
Given the current staff and retirement trends under the current Sheriff, we need anywhere from 6 to 8 academies a year, graduating at least 70 recruits per class to maintain our staffing levels not including any contract expansions or specialized units.
Increasing academies under the current Sheriff is unlikely because he does not provide true numbers of personnel as he is not forthcoming with his calculations and has destroyed any and all relationships with the Board of Supervisors who oversees our budget. All Departments submit budgets and justify needs by doing so. The current Sheriff refuses to do so.
How would you address the rise in the number of murders in areas patrolled by the Sheriff's Department, which has seen a much higher increase than in areas patrolled by the LAPD?
This question highlights my ability to address these increases in crime with special emphasis on the increase of homicides rates by implementing my policy's multi-pronged solution on addressing crime at each of the 23 Sheriff's patrol stations. This will include:
Monitoring and tracking the increases in homicides and the crime trends associated, conducting research to target high crime areas and providing monthly reports and publications of statistics as it affects each station. The community needs to be kept in the loop on their safety and what is being done by the Sheriff's Department to protect them.
I will expand Business Districts and Neighborhood Watch Programs and add 1-800 phone number to report increased criminal activity.
I will create Regional Task Forces in the North, South, East, and Central Patrol Divisions to target high crime areas.
I will create dedicated patrol missions based on crime trend statistics and activities (drug dealing, mob criminal and cartel activities).
Staff a Special Assignment team at each patrol station to handle uptick in crime areas and conduct saturation patrols as needed by area.
Ensure each station detective team is conducting their investigations promptly and diligently.
Direct station Commanders to conduct weekly meetings with patrol Station taskforces where crime rates are increasing and creating an action plan.
Station Commanders will conduct weekly Zoom meetings with the city's elected officials to discuss these trends, how they are being addressed and what support is needed for their city.
Station captains will have their finger on the pulse and interact with their communities and business owners. They will also meet with their neighborhooding cities and police agencies to partner with any increases in crime.
Provide updates for deputies on the latest crime trends and improvements on investigative skill sets.
Patrol units will conduct high visibility patrol checks and saturation patrols in the problematic areas while interacting with the residents and business owners. Patrol units need to be seen to help deter crime.
Organize volunteers and patrol programs to be the eyes and ears for their community.
Expand Social media coverage to keep residents in the loop and ask for their participation and ideas in keeping their community safe.
Information sharing is extremely important. The Crime analysts will monitor crime trends and watch commanders will liaison and share information with their neighboring agencies to work in conjunction to help solve crime sprees affecting their cities.
What role should the Sheriff's Department play in addressing homelessness?
The Homeless Crisis is viewed by some as an enforcement problem when in actuality it is a societal problem that has been overlooked for way too long. In 2020, there were over 66,000 individuals experiencing homelessness, and of these numbers 25% suffered from serious mental illness, 27% suffered from substance or alcohol abuse.
Given the existing court orders and County of Los Angeles and City of Los Angeles existing policies the powers of the Sheriff Department are limited. As Sheriff, I recognize my authority is limited, so I must focus on what I can do to help become part of the solution until the Courts, State, County and Municipal Governments work together to provide policy that has meaningful effects on this crisis.
We must work towards reducing the numbers of those living on the streets beyond housing, especially as it relates to those who refuse to be housed because they suffer from Mental Illness or Substance Abuse. Many who suffer from Drug and Alcohol Addiction do not want to live in a place where drug or alcohol testing is a requirement to reside. Many are provided housing but often leave these premises quickly because of their dependency to use drugs or alcohol.
What can I do within my authority as Sheriff to effect change?
1.) I want to contribute and have a positive impact on our homeless services needed to reduce recidivism that exists amongst this population.
2.) We must require a series of treatment steps and provide life skill training to those who suffer from these illnesses while they are in county custody.
3.) I will seek Homeless Professional Staffing support for each Patrol Station from the County Board of Supervisors to work in conjunction with our Department to assist us on need based calls from the public that relates to the Homeless population.
4.) Expand Mental Evaluation Teams to 24/7 days a week availability who respond to Homeless incident calls to evaluate and provide population as it pertains to those individuals who are incarcerated.
5.) I will work with The Board of Supervisors to convert existing County Facilities to Humane Mental Illness and Substance Abuse and Hospital Clinics to house those within the Homeless Population that commit crimes.
6.) These locations will have complete wrap around services to treat these individuals while they are in custody.
7.) These locations will be staffed by Mental Health, Drug and Alcohol Treatment Professionals and County Public Services Professionals to provide the care and follow up treatment options for housing,medical treatment and transportation when necessary.
Support Legislation for Conservatorship of Mentally Ill Homeless Individuals
I have met with a number of Homeless Advocates who support court ordered Conservatorships for those on the streets who suffer from severe Mental Illness and simply cannot take care of themselves. I support this effort to help those that cannot help themselves. I will advocate toward this as a viable humane solution to help individuals in need who live on the streets by:
1.) I will create a Mental Illness Report tracking system where deputies take incident reports from citizens. Deputies will document via a Mental Illness Incident Report when they witness activities by Mentally Ill homeless individuals that warrants a potential Conservatorship review by a Judge or the District Attorney for the individual's safety or the public's safety.
2.) The same mental Illness Reports can and will be used when these individuals commit a crime to assist the District Attorney and Judges overseeing these cases to better recommend and rule on these cases.
3.) As Sheriff, I will work with the State Legislature, County Board of Supervisors, other Local Elected Officials, and the community at large to advocate for a conservatorship option.
I stand for truly making a positive contribution to society by helping the unhoused within my authority as Sheriff. The current grandstanding of Homeless Sweeps by Sheriff Villenueva has been a failure. These highly publicized events in Venice Beach and other parts of Los Angeles have only worked for short periods of time and the Homeless Encampments returned after the Sheriff and cameras left.
I am committed to having a positive impact through compassion for the Homeless by taking action that truly helps these individuals.
Latest Election News
It's The First Day For LA's New Councilmembers. For The Council's Progressive Voices, Housing Issues Are Dire
The LA County Final Vote Is Official And Fewer Voters Turned Out Than Last Midterm Election
2022 Election Results In Orange County Are Official
Rocío Rivas Declares Victory In LAUSD District 2 Board Race
Kelly Gonez Declares Victory In LAUSD Board Election. But Marvin Rodriguez Hasn't Conceded
Do you believe secretive deputy subgroups or "gangs" exist inside the Sheriff's Department and if so do you think they are a problem? How would you address this issue?
We must create an environment wherein everyone feels safe, secure and welcomed in the communities where they live and work. I will do everything in my power to bring and uphold a standard of excellence in law enforcement and bring us all together. Under my leadership we will be known for Community Policing, Not Deputy Gangs.
One of my top priorities as Sheriff is to eliminate deputy gangs.The Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department (LASD), has a history of Deputy Gangs or cliques dating back to the early 1970's. These affiliations cast shadows over the department; allegations of rogue behavior i.e., intentional deputy-involved shootings, harassment of non-clique members, peer pressure, have been documented for years. Each previous administration, including the current one, has refused to address and implement a corrective action plan. I authored my Deputy gangs policy which was posted on my website as well as several other of my policies for accountability and to substantiate my candidacy.
Deputy gangs and their negative impact on the communities we are sworn to protect and serve has also impacted fellow deputies who have shunned this brand of policing and do their job professionally. Under my administration I want our department to be known for Community Policing, not Deputy Gangs.
I recognize that we cannot stop Deputies from congregating in their free time, but if they are participating in criminal activity on or off the job, they should be prosecuted and will be prosecuted under my command.
My objective is simple: eliminate the deputy gangs within LASD and it will start by providing academy training on the negative impacts these gangs and or cliques have internally within the Department and Externally with the public we serve. This must be rooted in all new Deputy Training going forward.
We will provide a reporting method to non uniformed Internal Affairs personnel to separate the current image with the public of "Nothing will be done by fellow deputies." In addition we will provide training for the line personnel, hold supervisors accountable and continually monitor the workplace to identify signs of negative behavior towards the public and amongst fellow deputies. The current Sheriff refuses to act on this and I, as Sheriff will.
As Sheriff, I will make concerted efforts to curb and eliminate negative cultural behavior relating to deputy gangs. Based on the Rand and Loyola Law School reports, there are three stations that were identified where deputy gangs exert their influence, alongside the problematic Custody Division (jails):
Patrol: Compton (CPT), East Los Angeles (ELA), and Century (CEN, formerly known as Lynwood/LYN).
Custody Division: Men's Central Jail (MCJ), Twin Towers Correctional Facility (TTCF) and North County Correctional Facility (NCCF)
I will rebuild problematic stations with negative histories. Each rebuilt station will be environmentally and community friendly. These locations will have a community center, public amphitheater, athletic fields, exercise equipment, exercise tracks and house after school programs to unite the community and our station personnel.
My Commitment to Reform
Deputy Rotation
The length of time any personnel will be assigned to one specific station or custody facility will be monitored and recommended movement will take place every 3 to 5 years to avoid complacency or territorial control over any one shift or position.
Improved Supervisory Accountability
Leadership and supervisory oversight is essential. I will hold respective unit / facility commanders responsible and accountable for any negative behavior occurring under their command: either unlawful or policy violations.
Proactive Training
Training opens the door to learning and becoming better employees for all ranks and positions. I will implement yearly mandatory training courses. Upon the employee's completion of each course, a documented signature of acknowledgment shall be required with date and training supervisor for accountability. Ranks include civilians, and sworn through the rank of Commander.
● Academy recruits shall receive training in the academy to identify, understand, and know the proper actions to take if encountered by Deputy Gangs. Training Officers shall receive training to recognize early signs of hazing and gang like activity. Supervisors shall receive initial training in their supervisors field operations school before promotion to their new rank. Regardless of the rank, ongoing training will be a priority throughout their career with the Department.
● "Deputy Cliques" and cultural awareness training shall be included during facility briefings.
● "Lessons Learned Briefs" will occur regularly, where department members will discuss previous examples where discipline was given to problem deputies. These will be implemented to help department members learn from past mistakes and understand the consequences of poor decision making.
Disciplinary Action Changes
Employees will be held accountable for any misconduct. Gang or Clique activity will be monitored and swiftly addressed. Discipline ranging from written reprimand, remedial training and termination will be considered and applied based upon the level of the offense. Termination of problem Deputies will exist under my command.
Review and Change the Internal Investigation Process
The LASD has been repeatedly criticized regarding the investigations conducted by department members, on department members. Presently the Internal Affairs Bureau (IAB) conducts administrative investigations involving LASD manual and policy procedures section violations. We have been accused of not initiating investigations, extending favoritism, executives putting pressure on unit commanders to not approve investigations, or investigations ending up as "Unfounded". My new actions will include:
● Creating positions for certified and trained civilian personnel to review cases and make disciplinary recommendations.
● Reviewing the entire investigative process when elected.
● Supporting post investigation reviews by the Civilian Oversight Commission (or other outside agencies).
My Pledge as Sheriff to our Fellow Deputies
As Sheriff, I realize the importance of having a work environment free of hazing, or unwanted negative behavior from peers or supervisors. I understand that in today's society, the duties of a Los Angeles County Deputy Sheriff are stressful and more challenging than ever. In order to be the best Sheriff's Department in the Nation we must rise to a higher professional standard. I am committed to leading us to that standard.
My Pledge as Sheriff to the Communities We Serve
I recognize the history and negative impact deputy gangs and cliques have had on the communities we serve. We are sworn to protect you and I will take action on rogue Deputies who tarnish our reputation.
I am committed to providing quality service, quick response times and compassion to the communities we are entrusted to serve when responding to calls for service and our daily interaction with the public.
Do you support responding to calls involving people who appear to have mental health issues or are otherwise acting erratically with unarmed clinicians instead of deputies? How would you improve how the department deals with people with mental illnesses, absent an increase in funding from the Board of Supervisors?
As it relates to part one of this question I am concerned that things may go wrong with unarmed clinicians responding to potential mentally ill aggressive calls where their safety is at risk. The Department has the Mental Evaluation Teams consisting of 2 personnel, a deputy and a nurse clinician who respond. Unfortunately these teams are limited and not always available.
I will work to increase these teams by assigning 4 teams to each patrol region day and p.m shifts to respond for these types of calls or take over the call once they arrive at the call locations. I will work with the Board of Supervisors to see these teams increase.
I will expand the Sheriff's Department Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) that will respond to non-crime related calls. The CIT will work with County partners to provide services for the homeless and the mentally ill with the support needed which includes medical & dental care, housing, counseling, and other wrap-around services.
I will expand our Mental Evaluation Teams for field responses and develop a system to work in conjunction with our County Social Workers, County Nurses, Mental Health Care Workers and Non Profit partners to work with our department.
Do you think the department needs to change how and when deputies conduct traffic stops? What about bicycle stops?
The Sheriff' Department's approach to conducting both traffic and bicycle stops needs to be revised, modernized and in accordance with our community policing policy that I will implement once elected. The State Legislature is currently reviewing laws as it pertains to these pretext stops and I support a correction in this matter.
Deputies at all times must be professional, identify themselves and state the reason for their contact. They need to have their body worn cameras activated at all times. They have to know why they are affecting a stop, the legality, violation of offense and not just to profile an individual or hope to find a probable cause for their stop once engaged in conversation. Their traffic or bicycle stops have to be logged or called in over the radio.
Based upon the demographics of the County, more Sheriff's personnel with diverse backgrounds will be assigned to stations in order to allow the community to better relate with the deputies patrolling their communities.
A supervisor shall be called if any issues arise. Supervisors also need to check their deputies' daily logs to review their level of activities and to identify any trend that may arise with targeting or profiling certain individuals.
Complaints received need to be addressed and follow ups with options such as more training with the deputy and the outcome shared with the complaint which many of times is impersonal with only a prescription letter mailed out with the outcome.
Cultural Awareness and perception Training is always paramount in these types of situations and will be provided for all patrol personnel
These protocols need to be in place regardless of the city being patrolled.
Do you think there is a way to reduce deputy-involved shootings and, if so, how?
Training is a key issue with our Department that is often minimized due to budget shortfalls or staffing issues. As Sheriff, weapons training, quarterly scored qualifications and retention will be a key component moved to the forefront of my top priorities to improve our Department and the capabilities of my personnel.
In order to reduce Deputy involved shootings the Department must expand our "Shoot don't Shoot'' scenario training. The lack of practical applications such as role playing and increased shooting qualifications are key components contributing to the high number of deputy-involved shootings the department is experiencing. More training in mock scenarios allows for Deputies to have better ability to think through high intensity situations.
In addition, now that body-worn cameras are mandatory in the field, the Department will become more transparent in all use of force cases to include Deputy-involved shootings.
Currently we receive basic weapons training in the academy. Upon graduation followup weapons training becomes scarce based upon where assigned in patrol or in an administrative capacity. Once elected Sheriff, I will be implementing additional mandatory training. My directives will be as follows:
● Monthly duty weapon qualifications - required for patrol personnel.
● Monthly Lessons learned briefings and training videos produced on completed shooting investigations.
● Annual qualification on Less Lethal weaponry.
● Annual Role playing scenario training (at range or in 3D virtual simulator)
● Annual written exam on use of force and weapon retention policies.
● Annual weapons training.
Six years ago, the Sheriff's Department signed an agreement with the federal government to improve conditions for jail inmates. But a recent monitor's report found inmates with serious mental illnesses continue to suffer in isolation and with little treatment. The monitor also said cells were overflowing with garbage, and filth was spread on the walls, with a pile of razors abandoned in one hallway. How would you fix these problems?
The current leadership has not prioritized the improvements of the jail conditions nor any steps towards the successful implementation of mental health services to those we come into contact with. This is a failure that I will rectify if elected.
Six years ago the number of mentally ill inmates housed in the Sheriff's Department custody facilities was at 3,500 and now in 2022 those numbers have increased to 6,400. The Sheriff's Department and Department of Health Services budget, staffing and available resources are under budgeted. I will seek additional funding to improve space needs, janitorial services and additional Mental Health Staffing in the County Jail System.
The Civilian Oversight Commission is the Department's checks and balances and watchdog to ensure the Department's compliance with all state mandates especially as it relates to inmates in our custody. The lack of participation and unwillingness to comply with our current Civilian Oversight Commission is a complete dereliction of duty. who refuses to make our custody facility a number one priority as it has been under previous administrations. I will address the consent decree by implementing its recommendations.
Additional solutions that I plan to employ:
● Conduct an audit of all personnel to ensure the proper staffing levels at each of the jails in order to properly manage the necessary changes in the consent decree.
● Conduct a budget analysis and forecast of past, present and future expenses, working with the Board of Supervisors to provide additional funding once justification of the Department's expenditures are compiled as they relate to the County Jail System.
● Assess the inmate population at all 7 jails as many of our facilities reduce overcrowding.
● Ensure inmate housekeeping and janitorial services are provided in all jails facilities for a.m and p.m shifts daily.
● Look at alternatives to incarceration solutions such as:
Expanding the step down programs
Inmate Reentry programs with nonprofit and community organization partners, to house low level offenders.
Early release program with or without electronic monitoring capabilities
● Tearing down Men's Central Jail and rebuilding a state of the art facility to accommodate an adequate inmate population and separate housing for metnally ill inmate populations.
● Look at upgrading the technology and software to include video programming and new technology to document safety checks and the facilities cleanliness.
Personal Knowledge and Understanding of Jail Operations:
● I as Sheriff need to be fully immersed and understand all aspects of the jails and each facility's operational procedures and budget.
● Captains of each Jail Facility will take command of their jails. Each captain will be trained in all aspects of jail operations to include the budget, overtime expenditures, inmate medical care and all jail operations.
● Supervisors need to supervise and will be well versed in both consent decrees and what is occurring in their area of responsibility, their employees and the needs of the inmates.
● Work with the Department of Health Services Management Teamto address better staffing needs of all County Jail Facilities.
● Working with the Civilian Oversight Commission to ensure compliance of consent decrees and Oversight Commission recommendations.
● Review the Department's custody manual and ensure all procedures are updated to include facility cleanliness and inmate care are standardized.
Overall we need to change the mindset of all personnel working the jails that amongst our duties is not just to oversee custody, but in addition provide quality care for the inmates.
Why do you think Black people are arrested by the police at three times their share of the population? Does the department have a role in addressing this?
The Sheriff's Department has policy and procedures in place to guard against any type of profiling. These statistics clearly show a problem exists given the population of African Americans that reside in Los Angeles County alone.
The Profiling of any individual based on the color of their skin is unacceptable. Any Deputy engaging in such practices will not be tolerated and will be disciplined accordingly. This is where community policing, the cornerstone of my campaign and term, will be instrumental in ensuring innocent individuals are not harassed or targeted by Deputies.
I will order a complete audit of arrests made by each Patrol Station in order to directly investigate any anomalies in arrests of any ethnic race. Once these numbers are analyzed, I will address any and all failures in justifications for high arrests of African Americans or any other ethnic minorities. Any unusually high numbers of arrests in comparison to high crime areas versus population will be addressed.
How would you approach your relationship with the Board of Supervisors?
I am committed to rebuilding and maintaining professional relationships with the Board of Supervisors and Civilian Oversight Commission to change the culture of the Sheriff's Department and our image as we move forward into 2022 by:
● I will create a professional working relationship with the Board of Supervisors and the Civilian Oversight Commission.
● Every County Supervisors will have my personal cell phone number.
● I will take ownership of our department and not blame the Board of Supervisors or the Civilian Oversight Commission for the problems that are my responsibility.
● I will maintain a relationship of mutual respect for all County Officials in order for our Government to function with the interest of the Public we serve.
Will you comply with all subpoenas and requests for records issued by the Sheriff Civilian Oversight Commission and Inspector General?
Yes, Absolutely. I view the Civilian Oversight Commission as a check and balance system that provides oversight and guidance for the Department.
● Create a task force with the office of the inspector general, Civilian Oversight Commission and include community partners for example: university professors, attorneys, those with a criminal justice background and/or those with legal professional backgrounds.
● I will testify when called upon and am committed to bringing transparency back to the department.
What will you do to improve transparency at the Sheriff's Department? Specifically, how would you make the department more responsive to Public Records Act requests under Senate Bill 1421, which requires law enforcement agencies to release information about deputies who were involved in shootings and serious uses of force, and/or were found to have lied or committed sexual misconduct on the job?
As Sheriff I will ensure that all of our actions and policies will be conducted with transparency. A Community Policing mindset will guide our actions and interaction with the residents we serve.
Under my command the blaming of others for our mistakes or hiding the truth will no longer be the standard like our current Sheriff.
The Department has the obligation to comply with the mandate of the Public Records Act. The Public Records Act will be respected and carried out by the Sheriff's Department under my watch.
● Persons requesting documentation will submit their requests according to the prescribed protocols.
● Information on how to request records and information will be easily accessible on the Sheriff's Department website. Questions will be answered via chat, email or telephonically.
● The Risk Management Bureau will have sufficient staffing to review each request as it is submitted.
● Once reviewed and approved the documentation as long as legally permissible will be released in a timely manner.
The Sheriff's Department will no longer hide probamelantic employees. True transparency is the key to reform.
Will you enforce the county's vaccine mandate with deputies? There's a lot of resistance in the department to vaccination; what steps would you take to get more deputies vaccinated?
As Sheriff it is my responsibility to not only look out for our Deputies and Civilian staff, but also the wellbeing of the public we serve. As first responders we are required to be vaccinated and I will continue to enforce this mandate as it is my duty. The delivery on how this message is conveyed to our membership is important.
My responsibility is to create policy, procedures and clearly stated consequences for failing to comply with the County or state mandated vaccination policy and most importantly comply with Court Case Rulings as challenges are brought forth by individuals and groups.
I recognize as Sheriff I will be challenged to make uncomfortable decisions especially as it pertains to liability issues for the LASD and protection of Department Staff. Although many Deputies view the Covid vaccine policy as a personal choice issue, it actually is a public health and public employee liability issue. The liability issues if we do not comply with this mandate are overlooked.
The County mandates that public employees must now be vaccinated and as this decision is being challenged by individuals and groups in court, the legal and financial liability it presents to the Department, County of Los Angeles and the public we serve are real.
Just as we look at it from numerous sides such as the liability incurred when arresting suspects and criminals, we must look similarly at encountering the public and passing COVID to others or contracting Covid ourselves. Our job requires us to work closely in patrol cars, administrative offices and in the jails. Not a single deputy I know wants to contract or pass this highly contagious virus to other deputies, our families or other members of the public. LASD members who are not vaccinated risk not just themselves, but all we come in contact with.
As first responders we must protect our health so that we are able to help others. The concept behind the vaccine is to slow and build up one's immune system to fend off the virus and if you do catch it, you will most likely have a milder case and not overflow our hospital system.
Although now retired, as the former Captain of the County Services Bureau I saw on a personal level the impact of the unvaccinated public that have overwhelmed our County Hospitals. My personal interaction with nurses and doctors have further exhausted and exacerbated an already overworked healthcare workforce. The mental toll on our health care and frontline workers cannot be overlooked. In addition, other members of the public have had to wait to have critical surgeries and procedures delayed, thus risking the public health because too many people still remain unvaccinated.
In regards to the potential loss of sworn deputies because of their personal choice to not be vaccinated, I respect their personal choice but this is a job requirement as a public servant unless court rulings say otherwise.
The challenges in working in-law enforcement and public safety during Covid and getting deputies to understand the difference between personal choice and public responsibility is a challenge. As Sheriff I will do my part and encourage my personnel to be vaccinated.
Do you support the recall of District Attorney George Gascón? If so, why?
Yes, I would support the recall of the DA, because I believe those who commit heinous crimes and are career criminals should not be out on the streets and in the interest of Public Safety.
Recently George Gascon has begun revisiting some of his earlier positions. This is encouraging and I am willing to work with him to effect positive change if he continues down this path.
Conceivable the DA could still be in office by the time I am elected. If so, as Sheriff it is my obligation to forge a relationship and use diplomacy to effect change. I will develop a working relationship with the District Attorney's office to address Jail and sentencing reform for Nonviolent Crimes. Part of my Jail Reform plan is to take existing County facilities and build Mental Health Clinics and Drug/Alcohol Treatment facilities. I support these reforms as does District Attorney George Gascon.
It is imperative that the District Attorney's Office, The Court System and The Sheriff's Department work hand in hand to reform the current state of our County Jail System to build a more humane and rehabilitative system. I am open to working together with any District Attorney that supports these changes.
Learn about the rest of the candidates in our guide to the sheriff's race.
Before you go, contribute to real impact
Your donation today makes it possible for our reporters to keep delivering our well-researched Voter Game Plans. You won't hit a paywall at LAist and that's made possible by readers who support our non-profit newsroom. Thank you for your partnership, we can't do this without you.


Danny Pugh marked his second home debut for Leeds with a goal as Simon Grayson's men finally put their defensive frailties to one side to beat Portsmouth.
United's defence is notoriously porous and arguably cost them promotion last season, while it has been little better this time around, with a number of combinations failing to return a clean sheet prior to today.
Portsmouth: Henderson, Pearce, Halford, Ben-Haim (Williams 85), Lawrence, Mullins, Huseklepp, Norris (Rocha 68), BH Riise (Kanu 46), Mwaruwari Subs not used: Ashdown, Mokoena.
But Grayson stumbled across the right formula this afternoon - although Greg Halford did go close to scoring for Pompey - and Pugh's 14th-minute header, his first since returning to the club from Stoke after five years away, helped extend Leeds' unbeaten run to four games.
They are now perched just outside the play-offs - having played a game fewer than everyone else - but the situation is not so pleasant for Portsmouth.
Last-minute losers against Peterborough in midweek, they have still to win away from home and have just nine points from their 10 games so far, with only the dire form of the likes of Bristol City, Coventry and Millwall keeping them out of the drop zone.
Leeds' defensive record over the last 18 months has been so poor that even chairman Ken Bates voiced concerns about it in midweek, and Grayson's response was to recall the previously-ostracised full-back Paul Connolly for a first appearance in a month.
Portsmouth also made a change on the back of recent performances, with goalkeeper Jamie Ashdown's blunder against Peterborough seeing him lose his place at the expense of Stephen Henderson.
Grayson's decision to extend an olive branch to Connolly was vindicated early on, with his more experienced presence allowing Scotland winger Robert Snodgrass, no longer having to lie deep with rookie Tom Lees, to flourish.
Everything Leeds did early on went through Snodgrass, and his ninth-minute cross laid on the first opportunity, with Joel Ward digging the ball out as Andy Keogh looked set to pounce.
Snodgrass then skipped past Tal Ben Haim and worked his way into the box to produce a cutback that looked to have allowed Ross McCormack to score for the seventh league game in a row Greg Halford's block sent the ball behind.
Portsmouth put the subsequent corner straight back out for another one and from it, Pugh struck. Having scored five goals inside a month of signing for the club in 2004, the home fans were well aware of his prowess in the area, and he displayed it once more as he lost Halford eight yards out and headed in Snodgrass' centre.
Leeds continued to impress after the goal, with Snodgrass driving just wide of the post after a 60-metre run on the back of Andy Lonergan's quick throw, before the same player worked an angle for Pugh who saw an effort blocked by Halford.
Despite his inconsistencies in his own box, Halford's presence caused mayhem at the opposite end not long after, with his header from Liam Lawrence's free-kick forcing Lonergan into a wonder save, while he hit the bar on the follow-up.
Jason Pearce then cleared a McCormack cross from under his own bar, and although Lonergan had to beat away a Halford free-kick, Leeds remained in control through to the break - but Portsmouth looked decidedly livelier after it.
Ward's ball in behind caught the home defence napping and Lonergan had to be alert to save at the feet of David Norris, while some good tracking from Aidy White stopped Lawrence from fashioning an opening.
Leeds were feeling the tension of having failed to score a second when on top, and Halford's ability to get on the end of almost every ball played into their box added to their worries, with Darren O'Dea deflecting one of his efforts behind.
At the other end, substitute Mikael Forssell was denied a clinching second by Henderson's flying save, but even though Lonergan had to scramble to tip over a Halford cross, Leeds held on without extending their advantage.


Euro Standards is a standardized valuation extent recognized by the European Union introduced Euro II technology that would assist in enhancing the air worth with least amount presence of smoke, and other dangerous gases in the environment. Severe air pollution problems arise particularly in the metropolitan parts, structuring mist and smog in environment escorts to respiratory syndromes etc. By the prologue of Euro Emission Standards, these negative aspects would optimistically be abridged in the cities.
Industry sources said that Euro-II compliance will in addition also necessitate oil refineries to endow more and Oil Marketing Companies have to trade in Euro-II fuel at privileged cost and the oil processing plants are required to be up-graded. These refineries are already functioning to produce Euro II-compliant petrol and diesel. This progression process of up-gradation wants heavy investment and which will unquestionably increase public transportation cost for customers to boot.
Taking into consideration the piece of information that the costs of conversion of the conventional engine structure to catalytic converter is pretty high, it would raise the prices of Euro II-compliant vehicles.
On the contrary, the local automobile manufacturers are in a tight spot or in dilemma as on the one hand, they are all set to manufacture high cost atmosphere hospitable European standards (II) and in contrast, they are facing the brunt of recession pressure. In both circumstances, the vehicle manufacturers have to increase the cost prices of new motor vehicle fairly to keep on afloat in this misty time of depression.
In keeping with the information from the automobile manufacturing industries, a number of models be conventional to the standards of Euro II while planning are still in progress to free the imports of engines abide by with the standards of Euro II .Therefore, despite the fact that the introduction of Euro II standards would be beneficial for the atmosphere, car purchasers but the car vendors would be negatively impacted.