How much of your life contains joy? How much joy do you emanate? How much joy do you feel? How much joy is available to you at any time?
If your answer contains a heavy load of it depends on my circumstances, I would venture to reply that your circumstances do not - and should not - carry the responsibility for your joy or lack of it. If they do, you will never be free, because you understand that what is external to you can not be in your power, or only occasionally, but what is internal to you can be, should be, and perhaps already is ... in your power. This means that you have accepted responsibility for your inner state of being at all times. This means you have opted to live an aware life, because without awareness you simply can't take on such responsibility.
For much more about joy and how to consciously choose your thoughts and feelings, hence taking charge of them, and about becoming aware of the choices you have at all times in order to transform your life, have a look at my book Rewiring the Soul: Finding the Possible Self (paperback or Kindle).


OPNsenses and one remaining pfsense (x64, latest updates installed).
- with a WAN firewall rule BLOCKING access to the specific port the openVPN server is listening.
Really a surprise to me at first sight, but then I remembered that you can reach the GUI from LAN when entering the WAN-IP in the browser (if not specifically blocked).
So the access to the specific WAN port is NOT blocked for access via this OPT1 network.


After quitting my job and leaving Sydney my first stop was Uluru to travel from Alice Springs to Darwin. After 3.5 years in Australia, I had never seen the big rock so I thought it was time before I left. I booked a trip with Mulgas Adventures that would take me around Uluru and then from Alice Springs to Darwin.
I arrived in Uluru on Friday afternoon and was greeted at the airport by my tour guide; Lachlan and the group that we're going to be my friends for the next 5 days and travel from Alice Springs to Darwin.
Our first stop was Uluru. It was amazing to see the big rock that I had heard so much about, as we approached there was a lot of cloud so it was a little hard to see the top but was an amazing site. Locky was very informative and told us all about the area as we drove in. We got out of the bus and Locky lead a short walk around the base and explained some of the aboriginal dreamtime stories as we went. He also explained the implications of climbing the rock and what the significance was for the aboriginals. I had already made the decision that I was not going to climb the rock but it was however closed so no one was able to.
We jumped back into the bus and drove around the other side so that we could walk some more. Locky explained the importance of the sensitive sights and how we were asked not to take pictures to help preserve the area. We were then let loose to walk around the base at our own time and Locky met us at another point to pick us up again. It was nice to be given some free time to have a look around and experience it for your self.
We were then taken to Lockys "secret" sunset point. We later found out this was not so secret ?. We went to an area with a number of other tour groups to watch the sunset. We were able to enjoy bubbles and snacks at sunset and although there was no sun to see set due to the low cloud we had a great evening and enjoyed the atmosphere.
That evening we went to camp to cook dinner. We all got stuck in to assist in the cooking and we made some amazing beef burritos. After some chatting and clearing away dinner it was time to retire to our beds. By now the heavens had opened and we were going to get soaked sleeping in our swags so Locky secured us a space in the laundry to sleep. Assured this was an "Aussie tradition" and the laundry is always the best place to sleep, we got comfy. As part of the tour we were meant to get up and watch the sunrise over Uluru but with the amount of rain we were not sure this was going to happen. Locky said he would let us know at 5am if it was worth getting up or we could stay in bed for another hour.
Needless to say at 5 am Locky poked his head into the laundry and told us we did not need to get up as there wouldn't be a sunrise that morning. We got up later and had breakfast before heading out to Kata Tjuta for a walk. It was raining when we got there but we would not let this dampen our spirits. We walked with determination and took in the fact that we got to see so many waterfalls which otherwise would not have otherwise been able to see. When we got to the look our point we could not see any of what was described and instead could see a mass of clouds but we enjoyed our cereal bars and decided to do the circular walk to complete the walk.
After Kata Tjuta we headed to the information centre that allowed us to walk around and learn more things about Uluru and the people that the land belonged to. Although it was expensive for coffee the information and set up was great.
We returned to camp to cook camel burgers on the BBQ and tidy up for the next group. We were going to be camping at Kings Canyon that evening. Locky returned from filling up the van with fuel to tell us that all the roads to Kings Canyon were closed due to the rain and instead we would be heading back to Alice springs because we couldn't camp anymore; it was just too wet.
The journey back was long and boring but Locky tried his best to make it as interesting as possible with "Locky's Olympics". The bus was split into teams and we competed and silly tasks to entertain ourselves for an hour of the journey.
The next day we got to have a lay in at the hostel and woke to Locky cooking a feast for breakfast. It included hash browns, bacon, eggs, toast, sausages and loads more. He said that because we couldn't go to Kings Canyon we were going to go to the West MacDonnell Ranges which were just outside Alice Springs.
Kings Canyon was a stunning place to see. We got to see some wild wallabies and then headed to Ormiston Gorge. I really could have spend all day there taking in the views and walking along the river bed. It was a beautiful part of the world and I am glad that I got to see it.
That evening we headed to a pub in Alice for a roast dinner with the group, the next day was the start of the trip from Alice Springs to Darwin and that meant a few additions to the group and a few loses along the way.
The next day was a 5am start on the bus and ready to go! I don't sleep much on buses so I got my laptop out and started to watch some movies. It was a going to be a long day of around 13 hours on the bus. We managed to travel around 900km in one day. We did have a few stop offs including a place famous for UFO sightings and the Devils Marbles which are rocks formed in the shape of circles. Our tour guide for the trip up were Jason and Dale. It was unfortunate that Dales cat; Fluffy had just died but we kept him smiling by playing lots of games. Jason created a trivia quiz to keep us going throughout the day. The bus was split in teams of 6. I was of course on the winning team – not that I am competitive at all!
We arrived at Daly Waters and this place is amazing, it is simply a pub and a caravan park in the middle of nowhere. Every evening is life music and it is like being on holiday in the middle of the dessert. We were sat in the pub watching the live music when a limousine pulled up outside. Jason walks up to the group and says where is team 2 – that was us – he brought us out opened the doors to the limousine and took us for a drive. We only went 10 mins up the road where we had a bottle of wine on an abandoned airstrip with plastic cups but I could not have been happier. We then got back into the limo and drove back the the pub. We had a few people wave us and take our pictures as we got out. We were like celebrities in this tiny town.
The next day we got up and on the bus by 6am so that we could make a good start into the day. We headed to a hot water spring and arrived by around 9.30am. It was a stunning place. The water was apparently 34degrees and it was just like stepping into bath water. We got to spent 1.5 hours here enjoying the water and taking in the surrounds before it was back on the bus.
Next stop was a waterfall. There were two options to the waterfall, if you were feeling lazy you could just go to the bottom one, if you wanted a walk for 30mins you could go to the top waterfall so I headed off for the top waterfall. When we got there it was beautiful. The currents were strong and weak swimmers did struggle but it was a great place to play in and enjoy the sunshine. There were a few tour groups there too. I could have spent a few hours here but time restraints meant we had to be back down and in the bus pretty swiftly.
We got into Darwin with great time and arranged to all meat in the pub at 7 for dinner that evening. If you have to travel from Alice Springs to Darwin I would certainly recommend Mulgas Adventure Tours. It is only slightly more expensive than the greyhound but you get to enjoy so much more on the way. The atmousphere on our tour bus was amazing and beats the greyhound experience hands down. The tour guides are brilliant and are very knowledgable and make sitting on a bus for so long not that bad. I also made some fantastic friends which I hope I will get to see again soon.


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Vietnam Overview
Lying in the heart of the Red River Delta, the city of Hanoi blends the old world charm with the dynamism of a rising Asian city. It is often referred to as the 'Paris of the Orient'. Filled with lakes, tree lined boulevards and French colonial architecture, this romantic city cuts a distinctly different style of life to that in Saigon.
Lying in the heart of the Red River Delta, the city of Hanoi blends the old world charm with the dynamism of a rising Asian city. It is often referred to as the 'Paris of the Orient'. Filled with lakes, tree lined boulevards and French colonial architecture, this romantic city cuts a distinctly different style of life to that in Saigon. The city has undergone dramatic transformation over the last thirty years and is now seeing a burgeoning population paralleled by rising motorbike ownership, a rapidly expanding retail sector and a flourishing art scene.
What to see insite Hanoi?
· Hanoi is one of Asia's most fascinating cities with its unique blend of western and oriental charm.
· A visit to the Old quarter - 36 streets in Hanoi is a must; comprised of trading streets where traditional and modern goods are traded from centuries old 'tunnel houses' and narrow streets are abuzz with colour and activity, cross the picturesque Huc bridge to visit the Ngoc Son Temple in the center of Hoan Kiem lake.
· Temple of Literature-Quoc Tu Giam was the first University of Vietnam (established since 1070) where many students graduated with high flying colors. Some became doctors of philosophy. At present there remain 82 steles standing in the premises of Van Mieu. Aprt from its cultural value, each stele presents an artistic project of stone carving. Each stele is placed on the back of a turtle representing the nation's longevity. Its five courtyards retains a scholarly atmosphere and makes a peaceful respite from Hanoi's busy streets.
· Rub shoulders with sombre groups of local Vietnamese in Ba Dinh Square, all here to pay respects to the country's revolutionary leader, embalmed and displayed in a glass case in an imposing Mausoleum.
· One Pillar Pagoda is a cultural and historic relic, unique for its architectural features. The pagoda was first built in 1049 under the Ly Dynasty is built in the shape of a lotus blooming on its stem.
· On fine afternoons, stroll through the French quarter, sip an aromatic cup of coffee on the sidewalk and observe the bustling street life.
· Vietnam is a culturally diverse country and the fascinating ways of life of her 54 ethnic groups can be seen at the Museum of Ethnology.
· Quan Thanh temple is literally the temple which is dedicated to Saint Tran Vu. A temple is a place for worshipping saints while a pagoda is dedicated to Buddha and faithful disciplines.
· Tran Quoc pagoda located on an islet of West Lake in Hanoi. It is one of the oldest pagodas in Vietnam and a cultural symbol of Vietnamese Buddhism.
· Military Museun: It was formerly the French expeditionary barracks and covers 10,000 m² divided into 30 showrooms. It was founded on December 22nd, 1958.
· History Museum: was founded in 1926 and named "Ecole d'Etreme Orient". In 1958 it was restored and renamed the Vietnam History Museum. On display are rich collection of archaeological findings of great scientific and artistic value, illustrating the development of the nation and the State of Vietnam
Outside of Hanoi:
· To learn about Vietnam's pottery history, a visiting Bat Trang Ceramic Village is a right idea. Here you could try your hands at making the ceramics, but it is much easier to be enticed into owning the exquisite vases, bowls and dishes produced from the hands of the talented Bat Trang potters.
· For lovers of indigenous crafts, the Van Phuc Weaving Village lures visitors with its bewildering range of silk products.
· Explore the rustic landscapes by cycling around the city's northern outskirts in Dong Ho Village, which is also famous for its painting styles that depict the traditional Vietnamese village lives.
· Follow the trails of Vietnamese pilgrims and embark on a 2-hour trek up Huong Son Mountain to Perfume Pagoda (or Chua Huong), with lots of photographic opportunities along the way.
· Duong Lam village, a purely agricultural village of the Northern Red River Delta where still preserve many hundred-year-old houses. The village was the homeland of the 2 great kings of Vietnam Ngo Quyen Temple and Phung Hung.
· THAY Pagoda (Master Pagoda), dedicated to Thich Ca Buddha (Sakyanmuni, the historical Buddha) and 18 arhats appear on the central altar and TAY PHUONG Pagoda (Pagoda of the West) consists of three single-level structures built in descending order on a hillock said to resemble a buffalo.
· Tam Coc - with its series of limestone rock formations jutting out from a sea of rice paddies, is a scenic and surreal place to visit. Nearby Hoa Lu also offers similar landscapes of rocky outcrops - no less spectacular when compared to Tam Coc - as well as 10th century relics from when the area was the capital's country.
Where to stay in Hanoi?
There is a big choice from the 1-2 star hotels to 4-5 star hotels.
Please get more detail information about hotel in Hanoi from this website. (Link to the Hotels)
Where to eat in Hanoi?
For street eats, Pho Bo (beef noodle soup), Bun Cha (grilled meat with dry noodles) and Banh Cuon (pho package with beef rolls) usually make good introduction to the local cuisine. A classic Hanoi dish, Cha Ca - grilled fish with tumeric usually served with rice noodles - is best savored on Cha Ca Street where this northern specialty dish originated at Cha Ca La Vong Restaurant. The popular Quan An Ngon makes a good introduction to Vietnamese cuisine with its scrumptious and inexpensive offering in a courtyard setting. You can also enjoy difference kind of traditional foods in the "Food street" – Tong Duy Tan Str.
Getting there and around
By road: Hanoi is 100km from Ninh Binh, 105km from Haiphong, 150km from Thanh Hoa, 170km from Halong, 480km from Dien Bien Phu, 680km from Hue, 790km from Danang, and 1,710km from Saigon.
By air: Noi Bai International Airport, over 35km from the city center, is one of the biggest airports of the country with various international and domestic routes. There are domestic flights from Hanoi to Danang, Dien Bien, Saigon, Hue, Nha Trang and international flights to many countries in over the world.
By train:The Reunification Express, runs from Hanoi to Central Vietnam (Hue and Danang) and then further to Saigon (more than 30 hours from Hanoi). Also from Hanoi, there are Northwest and Northeast trains to China, with one popular overnight route from Hanoi to Lao Cai (which is used to reach the popular tourist town of Sapa). The railway station is located at Le Duan Street, about 5-10 minutes from the center of city.
By bus: Hanoi's three public bus stations are located some way from the city centre, which means you have to catch a bus, taxi or xe om (motorcycle) to get into the city. Long-distance buses from the South stop at Giap Bat station. Services from the Northeast (Haiphong, Bai Chay and Cao Bang) arrive at Gia Lam station and buses from the Northwest (Son La, Mai Chau and Lao Cai) Kim Ma station.
cac-tin-khac
Festivals To experience the culture and tradition of Vietnam or just to relax, join in festival of the Vietnamese people.
Entertainment Vietnamese traditional music is every melodic. Vietnam is rich in folk music. Thanks to various ethnicities, Vietnam possesses different kind of opera and musical
Culture and Arts The time-honored culture of Vietnam has created many traditional forms and genres of literature and art bearing an original national character.
Đà Nẵng Danang City is located in middle of Central Vietnam, although not a major stop on the tourist trail, it's location between Hoi An and Hue makes a nice stop
Ho Chi Minh city Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) - Commonly referred to as Saigon, is Vietnam's largest city and undisputed commerce capital. It is 1,730 km from Hanoi and 50 km
Hoi An Situated along the south central coast of Vietnam, Hoi An is an outstanding example of a well-preserved ancient town that has been designated a World Heritage

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Iowsr Gala
Ivatt tank locomotive emerges from 45 year slumber back into services
Isle of Wight Steam Railway Workshops to open on September 7 & 8
The Isle of Wight Steam Railway (IOWSR) is about to add two steam locomotives to its running fleet. One, 'Terrier' A1x 0-6-0T No. W11 Newport has not been in use for over a decade, waiting its turn in the restoration queue while the Ivatt will attract visitors from all over the UK.
Rail.co.uk visited the IOWSR Havenstreet Works in August and is delighted to be able to let readers see the progress being made on these engines and explains the importance of the Gala.
The main Gala attraction will be the 'Ivatt' 2-6-2T steam locomotive No. 41298 entering service which has not steamed for around 45 years following withdrawal from British Rail service at the end of Southern steam in July 1967.
For years the engine was stored at Quainton and a leisurely overhaul was undertaken by its two owners, Roy Miller and Peter Clarke. Because of this work, the IOWSR has had their job made easier of returning the engine to service.
Recent work at Havenstreet on No. 41298 was having its backhead steam fittings put back into place, a mixture of new and original components. The engine has had a new smokebox fitted and the steam and lubrication pipes fitted ready for service. The wooden cab floor had been lifted at the time of the visit to ensure the connecting pipes from the side tanks were sound.
History that never was!
The engine, along with three others, was donated to the IOWSR a few years ago to try and replicate 'history that never was'. The Ivatt tank engines were to be introduced to the IOW railways from the mid 1960s but the Beeching cuts put an end to that scheme. So when No. 41298 steams it will be creating a 'what might have been' had Beeching not been employed to change the railways by the Government.
The also donated 2-6-0 tender 'Ivatt' No. 46447 has gone to the East Somerset Railway for restoration in exchange for their Class 'E1' No. 32110. This has been renumbered W2 and named Yarmouth and stored inside the Havenstreet Works building. It has had some conservation work carried out, been painted and had its new number '2' painted on the engine and had its nameplate attached.
Gala unveiling
The two locomotives are scheduled to appear at the IOWSR Autumn Gala on October 5 and 6. It will be the first time for No. 41298 and when 'Terrier' No. W11 appears, it will be for the first time in a decade.
Terrier heaven?
Southern Railway 'Terriers' ran on the IOW system for many years and the IOWSR now has several in service. In July, 'Terrier' A1/X Class No. W8 Freshwater returned to service and has now been reliveried in green with gold leaf numbering and lettering.
Classmate No. W11 Newport has been pretty much completed and now awaits final tests and trials before entering public service at the October gala event. It has had the top half of its cab riveted in place and water tanks refitted allowing the undercoating to take place. The engine was being prepared for its hydraulic test and in green livery but waiting its final coat of paint.
The Museum and Changing Trains project
The IOWSR museum at Havenstreet has been revamped with a huge array of relics on display portraying the island's railway history.
The IOWSR was the recipient of a huge Heritage Lottery Memorial Fund award of just under a million pounds in June 2012 and the resultant building is going to be ready by March.
In the meantime the huge building at Havenstreet is now being fitted out ready to receive the many historic wooden bodied carriages that the IOWSR uses. The 'interpretation' display contract has been awarded and subsequent visits made in August to discuss the fine detail of the displays.
Heritage Open Days tour of the workshops – September 7 & 8
The Havenstreet workshops are normally not open to the public but on September 7 and 8, they will be, as part of the national Heritage Open Weekend series of events. Guided tours will be available, a rare chance to see what's going on!
How to get there!
The IOW electric railway connects with the five mile long steam railway at Smallbrook Junction and is served by former London Underground tube trains twice an hour from Ryde and Shanklin. These trains celebrate their 75th anniversary this year and are the oldest trains in franchised service in the UK today.
These trains connect with Wightlink services from Portsmouth Harbour which itself is served by South West Trains, First Great Western and Southern services from London, Cardiff and Brighton.
IW Steam Railway
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We know that there is a strong calling for better financial education.
This presentation will show you what financial coaching is, why it is important and how having an emotional connection with clients will help you spot their money blocks, help them stick to your advice and future proof your business.
Learn how to spot a clients financial blocks and identify strategies that can help clients stick to their plan and the advisers advice.
Catherine Morgan is on a mission to change the financial services industry from one of complicated financial products to one that helps educate in simple language with no financial jargon (and no suits!).
All of our illuminate live session begin at 9.15am for registration with a welcome at 9.45am. The first workshop begins at 10am and we finish with drinks at 3pm.


The smaller size of Primrose of Bismarck is the perfect setting for us to focus on what we do best: building lasting and respectful relationships with residents and families!
Our nursing staff makes it their priority to get to know the individual needs and wants of every one of our assisted living residents. Our apartments provide privacy for our residents to receive customized assistance from our nursing staff. Enjoy three home-cooked meals each day, emergency pendants for added security and peace of mind, and access to a variety of activities including a traveling Wii Bowling team, church services, and outings on the Primrose bus.
Our Nursing Team's highest goal is to make our residents feel "right at home," and we're famous for making that happen. The Bismarck Primrose is a beautiful and maintenance-free senior housing option for you! Each of our apartments feature modern and graceful amenities, and our assisted living facility utilizes numerous safety features throughout the building (such as emergency pull cords in assisted living and independent living apartments).
Also available: Hospice Care: We assist the primary caregiver(s), and provide comfort and general services during hospice stays. Please contact us for more information. Call (701) 354-2224.
As a smaller care community we are able to provide personalized and individual cares for the residents. 2 hour checks with our Assisted Living Residents and 24 hour checks with our Independent Living residents are part of our standards of care.


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Home » News » Spirits news » Vodka news
Scottish potato vodka visitor centre opens
Caroline and Graeme Jarron
Scotland's first potato vodka distillery has opened the doors to its new £150K visitor centre on the outskirts of Dundee.
Expected to welcome over 3,000 visitors in its first year, the tours will start on a vintage tractor and trailer, which will showcase a behind-the-scenes look at potato farming.
Visitors will take an immersive, step-by-step walkthrough of the distilling process and a guided tasting of the distillery's single estate potato vodka.
Independently owned and run by husband-and-wife team Graeme and Caroline Jarron, Ogilvy Vodka has been distilling at the couple's farm since 2014.
Ogilvy Vodka uses thousands of kilos of misshaped potatoes that would otherwise have gone to waste in its production process.
It is distributed throughout the UK and is priced at £36 RRP per 70cl bottle.
Keywords: Ogilvy Vodka
Brands Report 2020: Vodka
Tito's partners with Aer Lingus
Speciality Brands gets Beluga Vodka deal
Tito's launches in Poland
Beluga vodka unveils programme for BCB 2019


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Crews battle fire from three fronts
Courtney McNaull
MANSFIELD - A small crowd gathered Tuesday night to watch a brush fire that spread hundreds of feet through a wooded area south of U.S. 30 between Fifth Avenue and Ohio 545.
Flames were visible for quite a distance, and people gathered in the area to watch. Nothing but brush and trees caught fire, but efforts to extinguish the blaze were hampered because of the rough terrain.
Mansfield firefighters were called to the scene at about 6 p.m. and battled the flames for several hours with help from Madison and Washington township fire departments and the Bellville Fire Department.
Firefighters stretched hoses down an alley and up a steep embankment behind Breightinger Company off Vine Street to gain access to the south and west sides of the fire, which formed a line stretching several hundred feet, according to Mansfield firefighter Jim Komives.
Meanwhile, additional fire crews climbed a hill from Baker's Collision on Fifth Avenue and worked to extinguish the fire from that end, where employees from Baker's helped bring additional water up the hill to firefighters.
A third access point was set up on Ohio 545, according to to Komives.
Around 8 p.m., Assistant Chief Jim Bishop said a large section of the fire had been extinguished, but a portion of it was spreading down a hill. Fire could be seen spreading on the south side of the area.
Flames were no longer visible from any streets by 9 p.m., but firefighters continued working to extinguish embers until at least 10:30 p.m.
ceday@gannett.com
Twitter: @courtneydaynj


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A Global Online Community Is ...
Update: Feline that bit Santa ...
A Global Online Community Is Created to Save Tigers
By Fred Aun, ClickZ, Dec 11, 2008
Only about 4,000 tigers remain on the planet, a situation that Conservation International hopes to remedy with a new Internet initiative being built on its behalf by online community company HiveLive.
The conservation group was awarded the free online community after participating in Colorado-based HiveLive's first Community Design Challenge. It plans to call the new community — a place where people from around the world can share, and vote on, ideas — "The Tiger Challenge." Conservation International Tiger Specialist Judy Mills and HiveLive CEO John Kembel said the site should be launched in the spring.
"This is an exciting thing," said Kembel. "Part of our goal [in offering a competition for HiveLive community ideas] was to find the most interesting and unique design challenge out there." He said the Conservation International idea surfaced "pretty quickly" as just the type of idea the company HiveLive's panel of industry expert judges had in mind.
"There was a passionate cause," explained Kembel. "There is a strong reason for people to connect."
HiveLive's "LiveConnect" product uses a Web 2.0 building-block approach in helping customers build online communities that can take the forms of blogs, wikis, forums or custom applications. Conservation International expects hundreds of thousands, if not millions, of people will join the community to help the big cats.
"Lots of people around the world don't realize how close we are to losing the tigers," said Mills. "The people who can bring to bear what we need to save tigers are not going to do it unless there is a global movement to do it. We want to create something of an Inconvenient Truth and an Obama Campaign for tigers."
The Tiger Challenge community will be a place that leverages "the power of many hands to ideate and crowdsource disruptive and innovative approaches," said Kembel. These ideas will be discussed, sharpened and voted upon by community members. Mills said a big goal of the project will be to get people to not only talk globally but to act locally, especially in China, Russia, India and the U.S.
"Russia and India have the most robust last, best places for tigers," said Mills. "China is the largest consumer of tiger products and the U.S has many more tigers in captivity than there are left in the wild. So our goal is to get people in these four countries to talk to one another to basically understand the crisis tigers are facing and why it's happening."
http://www.clickz.com/3632050
https://bigcatrescue.org
Update: Feline that bit Santa wasn't a bobcat after all
Elusive tiger continues to worry forest officials
Humane Society Awarded Custody Of Confiscated Tiger
Humane Society Awarded Custody Of Confiscated Tiger Reporter: By Eli RossEmail Address: eli.ross@kwtx.com HAMILTON ...
BCR February 27, 2009
Queensland council bans circus animals
Queensland council bans circus animals 12:00PM Sunday Jun 07, 2009 A city council in ...
BCR June 7, 2009
Canada's exotic-animal laws need teeth, zoo officials say
DIRK MEISSNER Canadian PressMay 14, 2007 at 8:43 PM EDT Victoria — Zoo officials ...


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FN Updates the SCAR – No More SCARThumb
FN has launched an update of the SCAR rifle series and talk of the town is the feature probably most requested since the SCAR's inception… a non-reciprocating charging handle.
It is even in the name, NRCH. Non-Reciprocating Charging Handle
The SCAR series is my favorite rifle, I've said it many times. This update has been a long time coming and they've had the tech for it for a long time. We saw it in the little FN SCAR-SC first in a commercial facing product. That is another item we are waiting for FN to make a open market version for.
They've also fully ambi'd the system by giving us a charging handle on either side. I expect folding variants to follow or already be compatible.
Spot from FN featuring Colion Noir
This update has come to the 16, 17, and 20 and it appears they're using the improved gasblock design from the 20 as well.
Does this mean you should ditch your old SCAR for a new one? No.
Will these be available to retrofit older SCARs? Possibly, as I understand the system from talking to FN at shot it involves only a few changed parts.
But commercially this is a move long in the making. While military personnel don't get a choice and the reciprocating charging handle was part of the contract, even FN knew it was an odd choice that would face criticism. They had a non-reciprocating variant ready to go on request.
But that request really never came. Oh, commercially it did but the rifle was still selling like wildfire and is one of the most expensive 5.56 platforms on the commercial market.
But the SCARThumb was a real thing for a lot of people who used various grips that worked on the M4, namely magwell grip. The valid counter critique was 'hold the thing correctly and it isn't a problem' but the contention was born. Not that the AR-15 isn't without criticism, the M4 was getting a lot of misplaced hate in the middle of GWOT. Now it's the golden child again. What we do know is the SCAR beat out the M4 in testing, but only by a small available margin because the M4 is an excellent carbine platform and benefited from excellent improvements during this period too.
I was once told that a magwell grip was a 'CQB' grip and that was why an individual wouldn't use the SCAR… I was told by this same individual they could get them for $1,500 and immediately said sign me up for four. Guess what conspicuously never appeared.
Legitimate criticisms of platforms can very quickly devolve into irrational ones. The most vehement carbine detractors are often poorly informed ones, no matter how high up the food chain they are placed.
But we did boys and girls, we finally have SCAR updates from the factory.
Will I be getting them? Probably. I've been considering a second pair 16/17 for awhile.


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Q: SP2010: Set timer on redirect page SP2010
Current setup: User is redirected to page after saving newform, which then directs them to the edit form of the item just created.
Problem: there is a workflow that is started when an item is created.  User gets redirected to the editform before the workflow completes, therefore an error is received when saving.
Unsure if this would be a solution, but I'm thinking if I can hold the user on the redirect page for 5 seconds or so, it would allow the workflow to complete before the user gets to the editform.
How can I set a timer on the page?
Current script on the redirect page:
<script type="text/javascript">
    document.location.href = '<xsl:value-of select="$RedirectURL" />' +
    "?ID=" + '<xsl:value-of select="@ID" />';
</script>

A: I guess you can do something like the following, but this is also pretty terrible.
The solution should probably be re-engineered.
window.setTimeout(function(){
document.location.href = '<xsl:value-of select="$RedirectURL" />' + "?ID=" + '<xsl:value-of select="@ID" />';
}, 5000);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The shocks and struts are two of the most underrated parts on a car. Most drivers do not even pay any attention to the suspension system until there is a problem. Without any shocks or struts, your vehicle would have terrible driving dynamics. Here are some of the common signs that the shocks or struts may have a problem.
When the shocks began to give out, your vehicle's ride quality will be drastically altered. Your once smooth-riding car will now exhibit a bumpy and jarring ride that is very uncomfortable.
The condition of your vehicle's shocks and struts has a direct impact on the tire wear pattern. Bald spots or abnormal tire wear patterns could be caused by faulty shocks. This means that you will most likely need to replace your tires in the near future.
Although most cars will have a certain amount of body roll around corners, excessive body roll could mean your shocks are in need of replacement.
As the miles begin to rack up on your vehicle, it is not uncommon for the shocks to begin to leak hydraulic fluid. The condition of leaky shocks will only get worse as time goes on.
*It is essential that you have your shocks replaced in a timely manner. Not only will the driving dynamics suffer, but your safety is also put at risk. Please call Louetta Automotive if you have any questions or require further assistance.


For some reason, he forgot how to weave, one of his favorite obstacles! With some dogs, they will go out of their way to find tunnels or contacts on the course, but usually Dazzle is drawn to the weaves. Not today! He acted like he hadn't seen them before.
Of course, when I took him to the practice weaves in the back, he did fine with those. Just not the set in the ring. OY! He also dropped two jump bars, one of which cost us another level 1 Q.
The weaves were what got us for level 2 (plus the dropped bar). So I'm dissapointed about that because weaves should not have been a problem for him! I know the jump bars can be an issue, that's why I'm working on the cavaletti with him.
I need 3 Q's in each level to get a title.
Here's the video of three of the runs today. Of course the 1st place run was the one that didn't get on video!
Now I need to go put my feet up because 4 agility runs is really more than I should have done! And getting up at 6:30 is about 4 hours earlier than usual, so it's been a long day.


text:
Gerritt Jon VanWagenen
Gerritt "Willie" Jon VanWagenen, Jr., 50, departed this world for heaven on October 23, 2016 in West Bend, WI after a short battle with late stage colon cancer. Gerritt was born in Madison, WI on July 13, 1966. He went to high school at The Univers
Carol Ann Baxter
Hopkinton- Carol Ann Baxter, 70, of Hopkinton, MA passed away Thursday, October 20, 2016. Born in Niagara Falls, NY, she was the beloved wife of Joe Baxter for 51 years and the daughter of the late Viola and Carl Malinverni. Carol was a faithf
Katherine Marie Heavner
Holliston- Katherine Marie Heavner, 60, of Holliston, passed away October 18, 2016 at Milford Regional Hospital. Born in Framingham, she was the daughter of Alice Marie Frey of Medway and the late James Arlington Nickerson. She was the loving wife
Nova Scotia and formerly Holliston- Margaret P. (Curran) "Peggy" Miller, 82, of Londonderry, NS, and formerly of Holliston, MA. passed away Tuesday, October 18, 2016, at home, surrounded by her family. Born in Boston, she was a daughter of the
Judith Ellen Morse
Holliston- Judith Ellen Morse, 64, of Holliston, passed away October 15, 2016. Born in Framingham, she was the daughter of the late Alice (Kelley) and Albert Richardson. Judith loved her grandchildren and enjoyed to knit and crochet. She is sur
Lois M. Mann
Holliston- Lois M. Mann, 82, of Holliston, passed away October 12, 2016 surrounded by her loving family at the MetroWest Medical Center in Framingham. Born in Machias, Maine, she was the daughter of the late Roscoe Mallar and Joyce Butterworth.�
Francis T. Kennedy
Medway and formerly Holliston- Francis T. Kennedy (Bud) 80, of Medway and a former longtime resident of Holliston, passed away October 7, after a battle with cancer. Born in Framingham, he was the son of the late Anna (Manning) and Francis P. Kenn
Mary Theresa Tarcinale
Holliston- Mary Theresa Tarcinale, 97, of Holliston, passed away October 5, 2016. Born in Boston, she was the daughter of the late Alice (Loveday) and William Franklin Hitchcock. She was the wife of Dante Joseph Tarcinale. A longtime Charlestow
Debbie L. Conley
Holliston- Debbie L. Conley, 64, died Tuesday, October 4, 2016 at the Holmes Regional Medical Center in Melbourne, Florida, following a brief battle with cancer. She is survived by her husband Robert Conley, her sons, William Burke IV and Mich
Robert W. Murray
Holliston- Robert W. Murray, 96, of Holliston, passed away October 3, 2016. Born in Somerville, he was the son of the late Mabel (Mahaney) and Robert Murray. A WWII Army Veteran, Robert had worked in the Mortgage Department at First National Bank
Ann Marie Ross
Holliston- Ann Marie Winiarski Ross, 82, of Holliston, passed away unexpectedly October 1, 2016 surrounded by her loving family. Born in Fall River, she was the daughter of the late Frances Czaja and Henry Winiarski. She was the beloved wife of th
Raymond John Hobson
Holliston- Raymond John Hobson, 40, of Holliston, passed away September 30, 2016, at Milford Regional Medical Center. Born in Newton, he was the son of Verna (Shaheen) Hobson of Holliston and the late Lance Hobson. He was the husband of
Mary Hope Carter
Maryland and formerly Holliston- Mary Hope Carter, 83, of Towson, MD, passed away September 29, 2016. Born in Shamokin, PA, she was the daughter of the late Dr. Clarence and Elizabeth (Hughes) Billig. She was the wife of the late Dr. John H. Carte
Robert G. Regan
Holliston- Robert G. Regan, 64, of Holliston, passed away Wednesday, September 21, 2016 at Mass General Hospital in Boston. Born in Needham, he was the son of the late Doris (Wahl) Buchelt and William F. Regan. He was the husband of 26 years
Eleanor M. Harmon
Holliston- Eleanor M. Harmon, 83, of Holliston, passed away September 16, 2016. Born in Boston, she was the daughter of the late Nora (Carroll) and Robie Thorne. She was the wife of the late Thomas Harmon who passed away in 2011. Eleanor was a
Janice M. Dube
Holliston- Janice M. Dube, 78, of Holliston, passed away early Wednesday morning on September 14, 2016, after a long battle with cancer. Born in Attleboro, she was the daughter of the late Mary E. Latown. Janice graduated from Holliston High S
Robert Wayne Fairbanks
Hopkinton- Robert Wayne Fairbanks, 79, of Hopkinton, passed away September 12, 2016 at the Metrowest Medical Center in Framingham. Born in Canton, he was the son of the late Madeline (Martin) and Alfred Fairbanks. He was the husband of 54 years to
Marilyn Ruth Campbell
Holliston- Marilyn Ruth Campbell, 74, of Holliston, passed away peacefully in her home in the company of her family on Saturday, September 3rd, 2016, after an extended illness. Born in Walpole, on March 1, 1942, she was the second of two daughters
Robert Anthony Isaac
Holliston- Robert (Bob) Anthony Isaac, 75, of Holliston, passed away August 31, 2016 surrounded by his family at Tufts Medical Center in Boston. Born in North Adams, MA, he was the son of the late Natalie (Abu) and Wallace Isaac. He was the loving
William D. Harper
Holliston- William D. Harper, 85, of Holliston, passed away Tuesday, August 30, 2016. Born in Natick, he was the son of the late Jessie and Lindsay Harper. He was the husband of the late Geraldine (Townsend) Harper. William was a Veteran of t
Shirley Ann Tabor
Holliston- Shirley Ann Tabor, 81, of Holliston, passed away August 29, 2016. Born in Natick, she was the daughter of the late Hermena (Crosby) and David Robinson. She was the wife of the late Robert M. Tabor Jr. Shirley was the former tax colle
James E. Connolly
Holliston- James Connolly, 69, a longtime resident of Holliston, died Monday, August 29th, 2016 at Framingham Union Hospital with family by his side. He fought a long brave battle with MDS and Leukemia. James was born in Romford, England to the la
James H. Wieland
Holliston- James H. Wieland, 47, died August 26, 2016 of natural causes, following a long illness. He is Survived by his parents, Dianne Wieland of Wapakoneta,Ohio, and Howard Wieland of Holliston, MA., sisters, Lori Maloney of Covington, PA., Lis
William Laurence Marsell Jr.
Holliston- William Laurence Marsell Jr. "Larry", 55, passed away August 26, 2016. Born in Framingham, he was the son of Joan Marie (Robbins) and William Laurence Marsell Sr. of Holliston. A 1979 Holliston High School graduate, Larry attende
Chih Wu
Chih Wu, 94, of Holliston, passed away August 25, 2016. A funeral service will be held on Sunday, September 4th at 11:00a.m. at the Chesmore Funeral Home of Holliston, 854 Washington St.
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WHITTIER >> Norwalk Boulevard between Beverly and Whittier boulevards reopened to traffic at about 1 p.m. Wednesday, nearly 24 hours it was closed as a result of a break in a 10-inch water line that sent water, dirt and debris cascading on to the street.
The break occurred at about 3 p.m. Tuesday near the curb on the east side of the street, the same location of a similar water line break in December 2014, when 6-inch line breached in the middle of Norwalk.
Cason said there's been no official determination yet what caused the leak, but that a crack at the bottom of the pipe was found.
The break resulted in broken asphalt and water pouring onto Norwalk Boulevard, he said.
The street closure caused problems for Kathy Hanagata, who lives on Norwalk Boulevard near the intersection. Trying to get home, she had make a long detour.
"It was a nightmare," Hanagata said.
The main break caused other problems for Emilio Garcia, another Norwalk Boulevard resident, because his water was cut off. It wasn't resumed until early Wednesday morning.
"I was unable to shower," Garcia said.
The water lines in the area date back to the 1930s and are scheduled to be replaced later this year as part of the city's plan to replace many of its old lines, he said.


text:
Subscribe to SALT Pet of the Month
SALT Pets of the Month: Moe and Larry
By Eversheds Sutherland SALT on February 9, 2021
Posted in SALT Pet of the Month
Like other classic combinations before them, Moe and Larry go together like peanut butter and jelly! Read on to find out more about this month's SALT pets belonging to Linda Klang, Senior Vice President at Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc.
Moe and Larry are 6-year-old domestic shorthair cats that joined the Klang household…
SALT Pet of the Month: Greeny
By Eversheds Sutherland SALT on January 25, 2021
To ring in the New Year, this month's SALT pet is not our typical cuddly mammal, but is a friendly part of the family all the same. Meet Greeny, the 4-inch goldfish!
Greeny belongs to Open Weaver Banks, Counsel in the New York office and joined the family in 2006 after Open received an urgent…
SALT Pet of the Month: April
By Eversheds Sutherland SALT on December 11, 2020
Meet April! This sweet lady belongs to Mark Coffeen, Director of U.S. Federal Taxes at Lear.
April is the perfect mix of Border Collie and Springer Spaniel, and joined the Coffeen family in 2011. According to Mark and his wife, Nancy, it was love at first sight at a local humane society. His son, Chris,…
SALT Pet of the Month: Grapes
By Eversheds Sutherland SALT on November 24, 2020
Meet Grapes! While this Rhodesian Ridgeback and pitbull mix is a senior lady (she'll be 14 soon!), that doesn't mean she's lost her spunk and love for life!
Grapes is the fur child of one of SALT's newest partners, Nikki Dobay, who works in our Sacramento office. What started as simply looking at puppy pictures…
SALT Pet of the Month: Marlin
By Eversheds Sutherland SALT on October 29, 2020
Breen Schiller recently joined the SALT team as a partner based in the Chicago office and we reached out to her family to get the scoop on Marlin, their two-year old "double doodle."
Breen's kids remembe r exactly what inspired his name. "We named him after that fish movie…Finding Nemo! It is Nemo's dad."
SALT Pets of the Month: Spicing things up with Tank and Pumpkin
By Eversheds Sutherland SALT on September 30, 2020
Tank the dog and Pumpkin the cat, pets belonging to the family of Mark Fadden, Associate Director, Tax at Horizon Therapeutics, are living proof that even the unlikeliest of fellows can become best friends.
Tank and Pumpkin were not fated to cross paths. As a youth, Tank was institutionalized and awaiting a dire fate had…
SALT Pet of the Month: Stop and Smell the Daisy
By Eversheds Sutherland SALT on August 31, 2020
Meet Daisy, an adorable beagle who belongs to SALT Associate Justin Brown. Justin had always wanted a dog but was worried he never had enough time to properly care for one. Working from home during the pandemic, Justin decided it was the right time to adopt. In May he went out and found Daisy at …
SALT Pet of the Month: A Burrito with all the fixings!
By Eversheds Sutherland SALT on July 29, 2020
Meet Burrito! This adorable pup belongs to Kelly Moriarty, Product Manager at Stripe. Almost eight years old, Burrito is a mixed-breed pup with all the fixings. Some of those ingredients include chicken, veggies, rice, black beans, guac, sour cream and salsa – or wait, maybe that was lunch…
But seriously, Burrito's heritage is still unknown.…
SALT Pet of the Month: Olive
By Eversheds Sutherland SALT on June 30, 2020
Meet the newest member of our Eversheds Sutherland SALT Team, Olive, a French bulldog adopted by Partner Michele Borens less than two weeks ago. This Quarantine Frenchie pup is still only about 10 weeks old, but she is already starting to make her presence felt amongst our SALT team.
There was a lot of initial…
SALT Pet of the Month: Alice & Cooper
By Eversheds Sutherland SALT on May 29, 2020
Meet Alice and Cooper, two "Cajun" cats owned by Justin Stone, Amazon's new Senior Manager of State and Local Tax. Earlier this month, Justin joined Amazon, coming from our very own SALT team at Eversheds Sutherland.
Justin adopted Alice and Cooper during his first year of practice, and decided to stick with the names given…
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Distributed leadership (DL) - what's the current state of play? How does this concept help us to understand educational leadership in practice? We thought we'd ask a number of leading scholars in the field for their views on where DL stands in 2016. You'll find their responses in Management in Education's Special Issue on Distributed Leadership, October 2016 (Vol 30, no 4). All of them have played major roles in the theoretical and empirical development of DL over many years.
Since the idea first came to prominence in the early 2000s, there has been a great deal of literature on DL, and the notion has been taken up widely by policy makers as a vehicle for school and college improvement. DL is now seen by many as the preferred model for educational leadership.
However, the concept has been interpreted in a range of different ways. For some, DL has been seen in normative terms, as a means for the more equitable distribution of tasks and decision-making, and for promoting organisational change and development, including building leadership capacity, and improving student outcomes. Other accounts have used DL as a lens for analysing leadership as it happens in practice, as a relational and dynamic process that takes place in interactions between organisational members.
In looking at the rationale for DL, some have pointed to moral imperatives for the wider distribution of authority and the move to more democratic forms of leadership. Others have suggested more pragmatic reasons – the work of leading a school or college is now much too complex for one individual, and problems of headship succession, with many staff reluctant to apply for headteacher roles. DL, it is argued, can make headship both more attractive and effective, enabling the load to be shared, and drawing on multiple sources of expertise.
On the other hand, critics have suggested a number of problems with the concept. It has been suggested that, given existing structures of hierarchical authority and accountability, formal leaders are legally responsible for running their organisations. Therefore, DL is arguably merely delegation, as it is within the control of formal leaders to give or withhold. A number of commentators have suggested that accounts of DL neglect issues of differential power. Critical theorists have argued that the rhetoric of DL merely serves to maintain and reinforce existing state and managerial structures and processes of power.
The special issue focuses on some of the multiple strands of thinking in the literature on DL.
Beginning with broadly positive views of the concept, Alma Harris and John Deflaminis explore the impact of DL, drawing on evidence from a large-scale US project to build DL capacity in schools. The project provided 'a powerful and important example of effective and lasting school level change' (p 143). They go on to examine some common misconceptions about DL, making the important point that DL is not inherently either good or bad; the context, and how it is conceived and enacted are crucial factors. The authors also call for more practitioner evidence on how DL is playing out in their own settings.
Taking stock of recent empirical research on DL in practice, John Diamond and Jim Spillane identify three main themes: how leadership practice is 'stretched over' people; how school subjects help to shape leadership practice; and the impact of the policy and organisational environments. Looking forward, the authors propose some fruitful areas for future study: the development of measures and instruments for exploring leadership practice in depth; examining the context in terms of educational infrastructure; and studying the implications of status differentials in social characteristics – such as race, class and gender – for leadership practice.
In the next piece, Phil Woods addresses the important, and sometimes neglected, issue of power in the practice of DL. Building on Weber's classic typology of authority, he identifies five main types of authority, each associated with different forms of power. Social authority, he argues, is not fixed, but constantly evolving, negotiated in the interactions between organisational members. Recognising the complexities of social authority helps us to understand more clearly how DL is operating in different contexts, to evaluate the distribution of authority, and to explore critically the relationships between power, authority and DL.
The final two pieces take a different more critical perspective. Jacky Lumby argues that DL is theoretically weak and unclear. Its widespread diffusion has drawn not just on logical arguments, but on emotional and moral ones too. Thus it can best be seen not so much as a rational choice, but rather as what Jacky calls a fashion or fad. She suggests that DL serves psychological needs by promising 'the dream of the demise of hierarchy', and adapts its form in response to criticism. It has thus become a displacement activity that distracts attention away from the major issues facing educational leaders: system inequities and social justice.
Peter Gronn argues that DL gives only part of the story of what happens in educational organisations, where leadership is neither exclusively individual nor collective – both forms coexist. We therefore need a new unit of analysis for exploring this hybrid leadership. Peter suggests that we can see leadership as 'configured', recognising patterns that include different degrees of individual and collective leadership, as well as variations in structure, membership and timescale. Contemporary and historical examples of leadership hybridity are presented to support the argument.
So, as these diverse views suggest, the debate on DL continues. Clearly it's unrealistic to expect the emergence of a single agreed definition. It is also important to avoid a simplistic binary divide – either individual or collective leadership – when, as Peter Gronn points out, the two forms have co-existed since ancient times.
On the one hand, we need to acknowledge the problems of DL, such as: the bandwagon effect, based upon naïve, idealised views that see it as a panacea; tendency to neglect power issues; and disparate uses of the term, both prescriptive and descriptive.
At the same time, perspectives on leadership as practice can bring important insights, reflecting the realities of organisational life, where leadership does emerge from many different places in many different ways. These lenses can give a more nuanced and fine-grained picture than traditional views of leadership, highlighting the influence of context, and seeing leadership as collective and socially-constructed, as a fluid and evolving process of building shared meanings.


The first image on the page is for Bloc Party - Bloc Party, followed by the original. Also check out the most recent parody covers submitted to the site.
Uhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh........................................... I guess I should have made it "Bloc Quebecois Party: Let's Separate." Maybe that would have attracted higher votes.


text:
MSNBC Analyst: Trump Impeachment Trial Will Be Like 'O.J. on Steroids'
David Rutz - December 10, 2019 5:45 PM
MSNBC political analyst Michael Steele predicted Tuesday that there would be massive public interest in President Donald Trump's impeachment trial, referring to it as the O.J. Simpson murder case "on steroids."
The former Republican National Committee chairman said the attention to Trump's case in the U.S. Senate would be even greater than that paid to the former football star charged with killing his ex-wife and her friend.
Recent Stories in Politics
MSNBC Anchor: White Nationalists 'Swarming' VA State Capitol
"Whether or not they've spent the last eight months paying attention to this, they will once this goes to the Senate," Steele said. "Everyone loves a good trial. This is O.J. on steroids, because it involves the president of the United States, and it involves something that is massively big, and it has all kinds of narratives related to what the president did or didn't do, and history and all of that. So people will tune in."
David Rutz breaks down the most important news about the enemies of freedom, here and around the world, in this comprehensive morning newsletter.
Sign up here and stay informed!
While Simpson and Trump are both undoubtedly world-famous figures, their cases are quite different, and the coverage surrounding Trump's impeachment is unlikely to have the same drama as the Simpson trial.
The Simpson case involved a suspected double murder by one of the most famous athletes in the world, creating a media sensation. Accusations of racism against the police permeated the trial. It spawned books, documentaries, and an Emmy-winning TV series.
House Democrats, meanwhile, are seeking to impeach Trump for abusing his power and obstructing Congress through what they call his corrupt solicitation of election assistance from Ukraine.
While Simpson's acquittal in 1995 was a stunning conclusion to the case, Trump's acquittal in the Republican-controlled Senate appears to be a foregone conclusion if he does get impeached.
Despite the barrage of impeachment stories and hearings since September surrounding Trump's Ukraine phone call, the coverage has done little to alter the White House's political fortunes. Democratic presidential candidates have continued to campaign as though Trump will be their opponent come November, indicating that they also view Trump's removal from office as unlikely.
This entry was posted in Politics and tagged Donald Trump, Impeachment, MSNBC, Nicolle Wallace, Video. Bookmark the permalink.
David Rutz is senior writer at the Washington Free Beacon. He was previously a sports reporter for two years in Atlanta and has done freelance sports reporting for the Washington Post. He graduated from Vanderbilt University in 2010 and lives in Marietta, Ga. His Twitter handle is @DavidRutz. He can be reached at rutz@freebeacon.com.


text:
package cs201.test.marketTests;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import cs201.roles.marketRoles.MarketEmployeeRole;
import cs201.roles.marketRoles.MarketManagerRole;
import cs201.test.mock.market.MockMarketConsumer;
import cs201.test.mock.market.MockMarketManager;

public class MarketEmployeeTest {

	MockMarketManager manager;
	MarketEmployeeRole employee;
	MockMarketConsumer consumer;

	/**
	 * Run before each test case. Instantiates a MarketManagerRole, a MockEmployee, and a MockConsumer. Introduces the manager to the new employee.
	 */
	@Before
	public void setUp() throws Exception {
		System.out.println("========== NEW TEST ==========");

		// Create the unit under test- our MarketEmployeeRole
		employee = new MarketEmployeeRole("employee");
		assertNotNull("new MarketEmployeeRole() returns a null pointer.", employee);

		// Create a MarketManager
		manager = new MockMarketManager("manager");

		// Create a consumer to place an order
		consumer = new MockMarketConsumer("consumer");
	}

	/**
	 * The very basic of tests. Checks to see if a MarketEmployee can retrieve an item and return it to the MarketManager.
	 */
	@Test
	public void simpleTest() {
		// Create our order by creating some item requests and adding them to a list
		MarketManagerRole.ItemRequest item1 = new MarketManagerRole.ItemRequest("chicken", 4);
		List<MarketManagerRole.ItemRequest> list = new ArrayList<MarketManagerRole.ItemRequest>();
		list.add(item1);

		// Tell the employee to retrieve the items
		employee.msgRetrieveItems(manager, list, 0);

		// Run the employee's scheduler to allow him to retrieve the items
		assertTrue("The employee's scheduler should have returned true after retrieving items.", employee.pickAndExecuteAnAction());

		// Ensure that the manager got the HereAreItems message
		assertTrue("The MarketManager should have gotten the HereAreItems message from the employee.", manager.log.getFirstEventWhichContainsString("Received msgHereAreItems with 4 chicken") != null);
	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Pearl Street Warehouse Presents
Pleasure Train
Fri · June 28, 2019
Pearl Street Warehouse
https://www.pearlstreetwarehouse.com/event/1859075/
"Jamband of the Year" & "Studio Album of the Year" Reddit 2018
CBDB is a progressive rock, jam-band from Alabama and their music is spreading from the southeast across the nation like wildfire. Defining a newfound, southern blend of joyous and progressive rock n roll, they channel a sonic mix of soulful vocals and virtuosic musicianship with smart, tasteful songwriting. On stage, each member of CBDB fluidly plays between complex composition and loose exploratory improvisation creating an incredible and unique live experience.
CBDB has played major festivals including Hulaween, Okeechobee, Sweetwater 420, Summer Camp, Electric Forest, Sloss, Aura, Backwoods, Euphoria, and The Werk Out. They've also shared the stage with the likes of Umphrey's McGee, Papadosio, Galactic, Kyle Hollingsworth Band, Perpetual Groove, The Wailers, Blues Traveler, and many more.
With their latest release, an impressive third full-length album titled 'Out of Line' - recorded at Zac Brown's legendary Southern Ground Nashville studio - CBDB is set to take the country by storm. Soaring monthly listeners and followers have further propelled their growth & continue to bring the band widespread attention, interest, and new fans daily. Dive into CBDB's eclectic catalogue of tunes today and catch them live on tour near you soon!
Pleasure Train is a 5-piece rock band hailing from the Washington DC area. Comprised of Valerie Vega (vocals), Rich Fiegel (guitar), Mike Paquette (keys/synth), Will Berger (bass/vocals), and Andrew Gabor (drums/percussion), the band's influences include psychedelic rock, house/electronica, soul, R&B, jazz, and pop. Pleasure Train has made a name for itself as a behemoth of a live band, combining the indomitable vocal presence of Vega with swirling psychedelic soundscapes that surge into urgent passages of frenetic funk and synth-driven dance pop. The band has contributed memorable sets to music festivals including Yonderville Music & Arts Festival, Not Fade Away Festival, Clarendon Day, and Celebrate Fairfax Festival, and has shared stages with nationally renowned artists including Aqueous, Hayley Jane & The Primates, Midnight North, and Zach Deputy.
The band's 2017 EP "Volume II" is available on Spotify all online streaming services, as well as physically in CD form at all live performances. The band has released three new online singles in early 2019--recorded at Ivakota studios in Washington DC in Autumn 2018, the singles showcase the evolution of the band into a more mature, focused style of songwriting. The band is currently at work writing and recording material for a new full-length album.
33 Pearl St SW
http://www.pearlstreetwarehouse.com/
Thu 7.18 - A Book Event! featuring authors Allen Salkin and Aaron Short, discussing the book 'The Method to the Madness' in conversation with Annie Karni, New York Times White House correspondent, and MSNBC and NBC News contributor.
Thu 7.18 - The Unlikely Candidates
Fri 7.19 - Brother Joscephus
Sat 7.20 - The High Divers
Sun 7.21 - Melanie Brulée
@pearlstreetlive
Follow us @pearlstreetlive


text:
\section{Introduction}
A universe with a bounce process~ (see for example~\cite{Battefeld:2014uga, Brandenberger:2016vhg} for two most updated reviews)
is a possible solution of the cosmic singularity
problem~\cite{Borde:1993xh, Borde:1996pt} in the standard cosmology within
the  inflation paradigm~\cite{Guth:2013sya, Linde:2014nna}.
The bounce universe postulates that a phase of matter-dominated contraction
precedes the big bang during which the scale factor of the universe
reaches a non-zero minimal value.
There have been many attempts to extend the standard cosmology beyond the Big Bang, the most notable first effort being the Pre-Big-Bang cosmology~\cite{Gasperini:1992em, Buonanno:1997zk},  and then the Ekpyrotic cosmology~\cite{Khoury:2001wf}.
A  breakthrough was due to the key observation by
D.~Wands~\cite{Wands:1998yp} in which he
pointed out a scale invariant spectrum of primordial density
perturbations can be generated during a matter dominated contraction.
Although the spectrum generated in his naive model was later proved to be unstable, it opens a new chapter in cosmological modeling of the early universe.

Building on many pioneering works  to utilize AdS/CFT
correspondence~\cite{Maldacena:1997re} in cosmological
studies~\cite{Kumar:2015gln, Bzowski:2015clm, Kumar:2015jxa,
Barbon:2015ria, Engelhardt:2015gla, Heidenreich:2015wga,
Engelhardt:2015gta, Enciso:2015qva,Banerjee:2015fua, Battarra:2014tga, Engelhardt:2014mea, Morrison:2014jha, Brandenberger:2013zea,
Enciso:2013lza, Smolkin:2012er, Enciso:2012wu, Barbon:2011ta,
Awad:2009bh, Awad:2008jf, Craps:2008cj, Awad:2007fj, Turok:2007ry,
Chu:2007um, Das:2006dz, Chu:2006pa, Hamilton:2005ju, Hertog:2005hu,
Durrer:2002jn}, in this paper, we use the correspondence
 to study how a spectrum generated during the contraction phase  can evolve through the bounce in a particular bounce universe model.
We are going to conduct our investigations on  the  coupled scalar tachyon bounce (CSTB) model~\cite{Li:2011nj} constructed earlier, which is
 based on the D-brane and anti-D-brane dynamics in Type IIB string theory.

The CSTB  model has been shown to solve the singularity,
horizon and flatness  problem~\cite{Cheung:2016oab};
it can produce a scale invariant as well as stable spectrum of primordial
density  perturbations~\cite{Li:2012vi, Li:2013bha}.
Furthermore predictions testable  using dark matter direct detections
have been extracted (for a wide class of bounce models)%
~\cite{Li:2014era, Cheung:2014nxi, Cheung:2014pea, Vergados:2016niz}.
An  out-of-thermal-equilibrium dynamics of matter production in the
the  bounce universe makes the bounce scenario very
distinct~\cite{Li:2014era} from  the standard model of
cosmology in which thermal equilibrium
 dynamics washes out early  universe information.
 A short review of the key ideas can be found~\cite{Cheung:2016wik,
 Cheung:2014nxi}.
 We would like to further corroborate our model by investigating the fluctuations across the bounce.

The fact that CSTB is a string-inspired model and the bounce point may be strongly gravitationally-coupled  prompts us to use the AdS/CFT
 correspondence~\cite{Maldacena:1997re} to study the evolution of the primordial density  fluctuations in a Type IIB string background.
 We take the  bulk spacetime metric to be  a  time dependent
 $AdS_5 \times S^5$ with its four dimensional part being a
 FLRW (Friedmann-Lematre-Robertson-Walker) spacetime.
 In~\cite{Brandenberger:2016egn} a recipe is provided to
  map the bulk dynamic, fro and back, to the boundary.
In this work  we improve on their recipe by  finding  a  solution to the
dilaton dynamic equation of motion with  more realistic
 Type IIB  fields configurations.

According to the AdS/CFT correspondence, which is  a strong/weak duality,
 i.e. when the bulk fields are strongly coupled the boundary is
 described by a weakly coupled field theory, and vice versa,
 the bulk fields  have dual-operators  prescribed by the boundary theory.
 The dilaton  field  is related to the square of
 the gauge field strength, and the gauge coupling of the boundary theory is determined by the vev of the  dilaton $\phi$.
 Therefore  the first step  is to find a time dependent solution of dilaton
 equation which, in turn, determines  the dynamics of  gauge fields on the boundary.
Consequently when the boundary gauge field theory becomes weakly coupled during the contraction, we can map the bulk fluctuations  onto the
boundary and observe its evolution through the bounce.

The  bounce process in the
bulk could be potentially violent or highly singular in nature
-- although this is not the case for the CSTB model which enjoys a string theoretical completion at high energy and has a minimum radius --
the gauge fields on the boundary, however, evolves most smoothly.

After the bounce, we map the evolved fluctuations -- using again
the AdS/CFT dictionary -- back to the bulk as the gravitational  dynamics
return  to  a  weakly coupled state.
The  operation described above  hence allows comparing the post-bounce spectrum  with the pre-bounce  spectrum and
checking  whether  the scale invariance of the spectrum is respected by
the bounce process.

The paper is organized as follows.
In section~\ref{sec:dilaton} we present a
time dependent dilaton solution with nonzero Ramond-Ramond charges
in Type IIB string theory.
We describe the cosmic background in which CSTB
model can be constructed.
In section~\ref{sec:gauge-fields}, we use the results of the previous section to solve the equation of motion of the boundary gauge fields near bounce point, and match  the solutions at different evolutionary phases; and finally check whether the spectrum is altered during the bounce.
In section~\ref{sec:disc}, we summarize  our findings, discuss a potential caveat and remedies. We conclude  with outlook on further studies with  alternative solutions.

\section{A time dependent dilaton solution to Type IIB supergravity}
\label{sec:dilaton}

First of all we would like  to find a solution of the  dilaton in Type IIB
supergravity with nonzero Ramond-Ramond potentials~\cite{Bergshoeff:2001pv}.
The  CSTB cosmos is a string cosmological model
that can be embedded  into an exact string background with appropriate
time dependence. The time dependence is necessary for cosmological studies.
Altogether we need to generalize the AdS/CFT correspondence to incorporate
time dependence in order to  study how  the
spectrum of primordial  density perturbations,  generated before the bounce,
is affected by the bounce dynamics.

The low energy effective theory of Type IIB string
 is given by~\cite{Polchinski:1998rr}:
 %
\begin{eqnarray}
\label{eq:IIBaction}
\begin{split}S_{IIB}&=S_{NS}+S_R+S_{CS}\\
S_{NS}&=\frac1{2\kappa_{10}^2}\int d^{10}x\sqrt{-g}e^{-2\phi}\left(R+4\partial_\mu\phi\partial^\mu\phi-\frac1{12}\left|H_3\right|^2\right)\\
S_R&=-\frac1{4\kappa_{10}^2}\int d^{10}x\sqrt{-g}\left(\left|F_1\right|^2+\frac1{3!}\left|{\widetilde F}_3\right|^2+\frac1{2\times5!}\left|{\widetilde F}_5\right|^2\right)\\
S_{CS}&=-\frac1{4\kappa_{10}^2}\int C_4\wedge H_3\wedge F_3\end{split}\end{eqnarray}
where the field strengths are defined as
${\widetilde F}_3=F_3-C_0\wedge H_3$,
${\widetilde F}_5=F_5-\frac12C_2\wedge H_3+\frac12B_2\wedge F_3$,
and
$F_3=dC_2$, $F_5=dC_4$, $H_3=dB_2$.
The p-forms  fields arise from the Ramond-Ramond sector and couple to
D-branes of various dimensions;  whereas  $\phi$ is the dilaton field
we are interested in.
Note that there is an  added constraint which should be imposed on the solution  that the 5-form field strength:
${\widetilde F}_5$ is self-dual, ${\widetilde F}_5=\ast{\widetilde F}_5$.
 The field equations derived from the action (\ref{eq:IIBaction})
 should be consistent with, but do not imply, it.

The deformed  $AdS_5\times S^5$  spacetime metric we will be  working  on
 is,
 \begin{equation} \label{eq:ads5s5}
ds^2=\frac{L^2}{z^2}\left[- dt^2+a^2(t)\delta_{ij}dx^idx^j+dz^2\right]
+  L^2d\Omega_5^2
\end{equation}
where $d\Omega_5^2$ being the metric of the unit $S^{5}$ and
 $a(t)$  being  the scale factor of the 4-dimensional FLRW
 universe  and $L$  the AdS radius.

The equation of motions
are~\cite{Sfetsos:2010uq}:
\begin{equation}\label{2.3}
\begin{split}
R_{\mu\nu}+2\partial_\mu\partial_\nu\phi
   -\frac14{\left(H_3^2\right)}_{\mu\nu}
=&e^{2\phi}\left[\frac12{\left(F_1^2\right)}_{\mu\nu}
   +\frac14{\left({\widetilde F}_3^2\right)}_{\mu\nu}
   +\frac1{96}{\left({\widetilde F}_5^2\right)}_{\mu\nu}\right]\\
&-\frac14g_{\mu\nu}\left(F_1^2+\frac16{\widetilde F}_3^2
   +\frac1{240}{\widetilde F}_5^2\right)\end{split}
   \end{equation}
\begin{equation}
\label{2.4}
R-4\partial_\mu\phi\partial^\mu\phi+4\partial_\mu\partial^\mu\phi
-\frac1{12}H^2=0
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
\label{2.5}
\ast{\widetilde F}_3\wedge H_3+d\ast dC_0=0
\end{equation}
\begin{equation} \label{2.6}
2d\ast{\widetilde F}_3+H_3\wedge{\widetilde F}_5+\frac12B_2\wedge d {\widetilde F}_5-d C_4\wedge H_3=0
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
d \label{2.7}\ast{\widetilde F}_5=H_3\wedge F_3
\end{equation}
\begin{equation} \label{2.8}
-2d(e^{-2\phi}\ast H) + 2d(C_0\ast{\widetilde F}_3)
+  dC_2\wedge{\widetilde F}_5  +  \frac12C_2\wedge
d{\widetilde F}_5-dC_4\wedge dC_2=0
\end{equation}
In the above  $\mu,\nu=0,1...10$; and the subscripts, $p$,  denote the
ranks of p-form fields.

We need to make some sensible assumptions to solve
 this formidable  array of equations.
A common  formula for the self-dual ${\widetilde F}_5$
is~\cite{Macpherson:2014eza}:
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{l}
\begin{aligned}
   {\widetilde F}_5
=& r(\sqrt{-g_{00}g_{11}g_{22}g_{33}g_{44}}
   dx^0\wedge dx^1\wedge dx^2\wedge dx^3\wedge dx^4  \\
&-\sqrt{g_{55}g_{66}g_{77}g_{88}g_{99}}
    dx^5\wedge dx^6\wedge dx^7\wedge dx^8\wedge dx^9)~,
\end{aligned}\\
\end{array}
\end{equation}
as we would like  $r$ to be a constant.
Note that
 ${\widetilde F}_5=dC_4-\frac12C_2\wedge dB_2+\frac12B_2\wedge dC_2$,
we can assume that $B_2$ and $C_2$ live on the $AdS_5$ part and
$dC_4$ lives on the $S^5$ part.

In the orthonormal basis, we can express them as:
\begin{equation}
B_2=f_1dy^0\wedge dy^i+f_2dy^i\wedge dy^j
   +f_3dy^i\wedge dy^4+f_4dy^0\wedge dy^4~,
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
C_2 = g_1dy^0\wedge dy^i+g_2dy^i\wedge dy^j
   +g_3dy^i\wedge dy^4+g_4dy^0\wedge dy^4~,
\end{equation}
where $i=1,2,3$, $\{dy^\mu\}$ are the orthonormal basis,
i.e. $dy^\mu=\sqrt{g_{\mu\mu}}dx^\mu$.
To lessen  the influence and difficulty caused by forms
we assume that the coefficients $f_1 \cdots$, $g_1 \cdots$
are at most linear in  $y^0$ and $y^4$,
then we can get the expression for the $AdS_5$ part of
${\widetilde F}_5$:
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{l}
\begin{aligned}
\frac12(B_2\wedge dC_2-C_2\wedge dB_2)
  = &\frac32\lbrack f_1\frac{\partial g_2}{\partial y^4}
      +f_3\frac{\partial g_2}{\partial y^0}
       +f_2(\frac{\partial g_1}{\partial y^4}
       +\frac{\partial g_3}{\partial y^0})\\
    &-g_1\frac{\partial f_2}{\partial y^4}
      -g_3\frac{\partial f_2}{\partial y^0}
       -g_2(\frac{\partial f_1}{\partial y^4}
        +\frac{\partial f_3}{\partial y^0})\rbrack~.
\end{aligned}\\
\end{array}
\end{equation}

We will take these $f_{i}$ to be constant and $g_{j}$ to be linear
in $y^0$ and $y^4$, then the constant, $r$,  mentioned above becomes:
\begin{equation}
r=\frac32( f_1h_3+f_3h_2+f_2h_1)
\end{equation}
where
$h_1=\frac{\partial g_1}{\partial y^4}+\frac{\partial g_3}{\partial y^0}$,
$h_2=\frac{\partial g_2}{\partial y^0}$ and
$h_3=\frac{\partial g_2}{\partial y^4}$.
Since $f_4$ and $g_4$ won't appear in the equations of forms,
 we'll take them to be zero. Therefore
\begin{equation}
H_3=dB_2=0
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
dC_2=h_1dy^0  \wedge dy^i \wedge dy^4
      +  h_2dy^0 \wedge dy^i\wedge dy^j
    + h_3dy^i\wedge dy^j\wedge dy^4
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
dC_4=-rdy^5\wedge dy^6\wedge dy^7\wedge dy^8\wedge dy^9~.
\end{equation}
Putting these expressions of forms into equations
(\ref{2.5}) to (\ref{2.8}) we arrives at
\begin{equation} \label{2.17}
\frac{\partial C_0}{\partial y^4}=-r\frac{h_3}{h_1}
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}  \label{2.18}
\frac{\partial C_0}{\partial y^0}=-r\frac{h_2}{h_1}
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}  \label{2.19}
h_1^2=h_2^2-h_3^2
\end{equation}
Note here we consider the axion field $C_0$ to be linear in
time, $y^0$, and in, $y^4$,  the spatial direction transverse to
our 4-dimensional universe inside the $AdS_{5}$.
So far what we do is to represent the forms by the coeffcients $f_{i}$
and $h_{j}$.
In addition, we solve for  (\ref{2.4}) which is the Euler-Lagrange
equation of $\phi$:
\begin{equation}  \label{2.20}
2\partial_\mu\partial_\nu\phi =4\partial_\mu\phi\partial_\nu\phi
-\frac12g_{\mu\nu}(R+4\partial_\rho \phi \partial^\rho \phi)~.
\end{equation}

Putting Equations  (\ref{2.17}) to (\ref{2.20}) into (\ref{2.3}),
 we  get the equations of $\phi$ when
 $\mu\nu=00,ii,44$ (with the metric (\ref{eq:ads5s5})):
\begin{equation}
\frac{3{\displaystyle\dot a}^2}{a^2}-\frac6{z^2}+2\dot\phi^2
   +2\phi_{,z}^2+\frac6{a^2}\phi_{,i}^2
=e^{2\phi}\frac{L^2}{z^2}(\frac{r^2h_2^2}{2h_1^2}
   -3h_1^2-3h_2^2+\frac92h_3^2)
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
\frac{6a^2}{z^2}-2a\ddot a-\dot a^2  + 2a^2\dot\phi^2
   -2a^2\phi_{,z}^2-2\phi_{,i}^2
= e^{2\phi}\frac{a^2L^2}{z^2}\frac{15h_1^2}2
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
 \frac6{z^2}-\frac{3{\displaystyle\ddot a}}a
  -\frac{3{\displaystyle\dot a}^2}{a^2}
  + 2\dot\phi^2+2\phi_{,z}^2-\frac6{a^2}\phi_{,i}^2
=e^{2\phi}\frac{L^2}{z^2} (\frac{r^2h_3^2}{2h_1^2}+3h_1^2+\frac92h_2^2-3h_3^2)
\end{equation}

These are quadratic first-order partial differential equations of $\phi$. Normally they are hard to solve, however, if we view them as linear
equations of $\dot\phi^2$, $\phi_{,z}^2$ and $\phi_{,i}^2$,
life becomes much easier:
\begin{equation}  \label{2.24}
\dot\phi^2 = \frac14e^{2\phi}\frac{L^2}{z^2}\left(\frac{r^2h_2^2}{3h_1^2}
  +\frac{r^2h_3^2}{6h_1^2}+\frac{13}2h_1^2-\frac12h_2^2+2h_3^2\right)
  +\frac{3\ddot a}{4a}-\frac1{z^2}
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}  \label{2.25}
\frac{2\phi_{,i}^2}{a^2}
=\frac16\left[e^{2\phi}\frac{L^2}{z^2}\left(\frac{r^2}2-\frac{27}2h_1^2\right)+\frac{12}{z^2}-\frac{6{\displaystyle\dot a}^2}{a^2} -\frac{3\ddot a}a\right]
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}  \label{2.26}
\phi_{,z}^2=\frac14e^{2\phi}\frac{L^2}{z^2}\left(\frac{r^2h_2^2}{6h_1^2}+\frac{r^2h_3^2}{3h_1^2}-\frac{13}2h_1^2+2h_2^2-\frac12h_3^2\right)
+\frac1{z^2}~.
\end{equation}

We would like  $\phi$ to be spatially homogeneous, i.e. $\phi_{,i}^2=0$;
we can take such an approximation of $e^{2\phi}$ that the right side of equation (\ref{2.25}) equals to zero, then
\begin{equation}\label{2.27}
e^{2\phi}\frac{L^2}{z^2}
=(\frac{6\dot a^2}{a^2}+
\frac{3\ddot a}a-\frac{12}{z^2})(\frac{r^2}2-\frac{27}2h_1^2)^{-1}
\end{equation}
Substituting  it into (\ref{2.24}) we  obtain
\begin{equation}  \label{2.28}
\dot\phi=\frac12\sqrt{\frac{6m{\displaystyle\dot a}^2}{a^2}+\frac{3(m+1){\displaystyle\ddot a}}a-\frac{12m+4}{z^2}}
\end{equation}
with
$m\, =\, (\frac{r^2}3+\frac{r^2h_3^2}{2h_1^2}+\frac32h_1^2+\frac92h_2^2-3h_3^2)(\frac{r^2}2-\frac{27}2h_1^2)^{-1}$.
The constant captures the effects of form fields
$C_2$, $B_2$, $C_0$ on the dilaton, $\phi$.
In the next section we will see that it is $\dot\phi$ that matters.
Note that  we should not solve (\ref{2.27})
directly since it is actually a result of an approximation
instead of an  exact solution. If we want exact solutions  to Equations
(\ref{2.24}) to  (\ref{2.26}) then the second partial derivatives of $\phi$
should satisfy a  constraint equation,
$\frac{\partial\dot\phi}{\partial z}=\frac{\partial\phi_{,z}}{\partial t}$.

\section{The evolution of the  gauge-field fluctuations }
\label{sec:gauge-fields}
The boundary gauge theory is described by $\mathcal{N} =4$ SYM theory,
we will follow the notations in~\cite{Brandenberger:2016egn}.
The Yang-Mills coupling is determined by the dilaton by
 $g_{\rm YM} ^2=e^{\phi}$.
 The boundary theory is strongly coupled in the far past.
As the universe contracts, the bulk gravity theory becomes more and more strongly coupled. Before  we  approach the bounce point,  we  map the
fluctuations  onto the boundary as  it becomes weakly coupled at this point.  We let the gauge field evolve well after the bounce ends and the bulk returns to a  weakly  coupled state.

After rescaling and gauge fixing,
the equations of motion for  the Fourier modes of  the gauge fields
${\widetilde A}$ becomes~\cite{Awad:2008jf}:
\begin{equation}\label{3.1}
{\displaystyle\ddot {\widetilde A}}_k+(k^2+M^2_{\rm YM}){\widetilde A}_k=0
\end{equation}
where
\begin{equation}  \label{3.2}
M^2_{\rm YM}=\frac{\displaystyle\ddot \phi}{2}
-\frac{\displaystyle\dot \phi^2}{4}~.
\end{equation}

Let us now zoom into the cosmic dynamics  near the  bounce point and
 consider the  three phases of universe evolution in the
 CSTB model~\cite{Li:2011nj}:
\begin{equation}\label{3.3}
{\rm Deflation}: a=e^{-Ht},t_1<t<-t_f
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
{\rm Smooth\ bounce}: a={\rm cosh}{(Ht)}, -t_1\le t\le t_1
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
{\rm Inflation}: a=e^{Ht},t_1<t<t_f;
\end{equation}
where $t_1$ is the time when inflation starts and $t_f$ is when it ends.
The bounce process is symmetric about  $t=0$.
The mapping happens at deflation and inflation phases while  the bulk
becomes strongly coupled.
We  solve the equations  of motion in each phases:
\begin{enumerate}
\item{Deflation:}\\
Putting  (\ref{3.3}) and (\ref{2.28}) into (\ref{3.2}) we arrive at
\begin{equation} \label{eq:Mym}
M^2_{\rm YM}=-\frac{3}{16}(3m+1)H^2+\frac{3m+1}{4z^2}\equiv M~.
\end{equation}
In (\ref{eq:Mym}) all the terms are effectively constant,
we  denote it as $M$.
 Putting it into (\ref{3.1}) yields
\begin{equation}
{\widetilde A}_k=D_1(k)e^{\beta t}+D_2(k)e^{-\beta t}
\end{equation}
where $\beta\equiv\sqrt{-k^2-M}$.

\item{Smooth bounce:} \\
Taking the first order of $t$ we obtain
\begin{equation} \label{eq:}
M^2_{\rm YM}=\frac{3mH^4t}{\sqrt{-\frac{12m+4}{z^2}+3(m+1)H^2}}
-\frac{1}{4}\left(-\frac{3m+1}{z^2}+\frac{3}{4}(m+1)H^2\right)\equiv Pt+Q
\end{equation}
which yields
\begin{equation}
{\widetilde A}_k
=E_1(k){\rm Ai}\left[\frac{-k^2-Q-Pt}{(-P)^{\frac{2}{3}}}\right]
+E_2(k){\rm Bi}\left[\frac{-k^2-Q-Pt}{(-P)^{\frac{2}{3}}}\right]~.
\end{equation}

\item{Inflation:}
In this case everything is same as deflation except the value of $t$. Therefore
\begin{equation} \label{eq:3.10}
{\widetilde A}_k=F_1(k)e^{\beta t}+F_2(k)e^{-\beta t}~.
\end{equation}
We denote $\pm t_0$ as the time of mapping and for the sake of convenience,
we set the two modes of ${\widetilde A}_k$ to have the same amplitudes
 after the first mapping, i.e.
\begin{equation}\label{3.11}
D_1(k)e^{-\beta t_0}=D_2(k)e^{\beta t_0}
\end{equation}
\end{enumerate}

We assume the arguments  of both Airy functions to be  small and
 that the $(-P)^{\frac{1}{3}}t$ term dominates.
 Then we can asymptotically expand the Airy functions
 to  first power in $q\equiv\frac{-k^2-Q-Pt}{(-P)^{\frac{2}{3}}}$:
 %
\begin{equation}
E_1(k){\rm Ai}\left(q\right)=\frac{\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{\frac{2}{3}}}{\Gamma \left(\frac{2}{3}\right)}E_1(k)
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
E_2(k){\rm Bi}\left(q\right)
=\left[\frac{\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{\frac{1}{6}}}{\Gamma \left(\frac{2}{3}\right)}+\frac{\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{\frac{5}{6}}}{\Gamma \left(\frac{4}{3}\right)}q\right]E_2(k)
\end{equation}

Now we can match ${\widetilde A}_k$ and its derivative at the end of
deflation and at the beginning of inflation,
 which we denote as $-t_1$ and $t_1$ respectively.
 Matching ${\widetilde A}_k$ yields:

\begin{equation} \label{3.14}
D_1(k)e^{-\beta t_1}+D_2(k)e^{\beta t_1}
=\frac{\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{\frac{2}{3}}}
    {\Gamma \left(\frac{2}{3}\right)}E_1(k)
+\left[\frac{\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{\frac{1}{6}}}
   {\Gamma \left(\frac{2}{3}\right)}
+\frac{\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{\frac{5}{6}}}
    {\Gamma \left(\frac{4}{3}\right)} q_1\right]E_2(k)
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
F_1(k)e^{\beta t_1}+F_2(k)e^{-\beta t_1}
=\left[\frac{\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{\frac{2}{3}}}
   {\Gamma \left(\frac{2}{3}\right)}
  +\frac{\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{\frac{4}{3}}}
    {\Gamma \left(\frac{4}{3}\right)}q_2\right]E_1(k)
  +\left[\frac{\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{\frac{1}{6}}}
    {\Gamma \left(\frac{2}{3}\right)}
 -\frac{\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{\frac{5}{6}}}
   {\Gamma \left(\frac{4}{3}\right)}q_2\right]E_2(k)
\end{equation}
where $q_1\equiv q(-t_1)$ and $q_2\equiv q(t_1)$.

Matching ${\displaystyle \dot{\widetilde A}}_k$ yields:
\begin{equation}
D_1(k)\beta e^{-\beta t_1}-D_2(k)\beta e^{\beta t_1}
   =\frac{\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{\frac{5}{6}}}
    {\Gamma \left(\frac{4}{3}\right)}(-P)^{\frac{1}{3}}E_2(k)
\end{equation}
\begin{equation} \label{3.17}
F_1(k)\beta e^{\beta t_1}-F_2(k)e^{-\beta t_1}
= \frac{\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{\frac{4}{3}}}
   {\Gamma \left(\frac{4}{3}\right)}P^{\frac{1}{3}}E_1(k)
  +\frac{\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{\frac{5}{6}}}
    {\Gamma \left(\frac{4}{3}\right)}(-P)^{\frac{1}{3}}~.
\end{equation}

Solving Equations (\ref{3.14}) to (\ref{3.17}), we get
\begin{dmath}\label{3.18}
F_1(k)
=\frac{1}{6\beta\Gamma\left(\frac{4}{3}\right)(-P)^{\frac{1}{3}}e^{2\beta t_1}}\left[D_1(k)I_1+D_2(k)e^{2\beta t_1}I_2\right]
\end{dmath}
where
\begin{equation*}
\begin{split}
I_1=&-3^{\frac{1}{3}}\Gamma\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)(-P)^{\frac{2}{3}}
 +\beta(-P)^{\frac{1}{3}}\left[3^{\frac{1}{3}}\Gamma\left(\frac{2}{3}\right) (q_1+q_2)+9\Gamma\left(\frac{4}{3}\right)\right]\\
& -\beta^2\left[3^{\frac{1}{3}}\Gamma\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)
    q_1q_2+3\Gamma\left(\frac{4}{3}\right)(q_1+2q_2)\right]
\end{split}
\end{equation*}
\begin{equation*}
\begin{split}
I_2=&-3^{\frac{1}{3}}\Gamma\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)(-P)^{\frac{2}{3}}
+\beta(-P)^{\frac{1}{3}}\left[-3^{\frac{1}{3}}\Gamma\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)(q_1+q_2)-3\Gamma\left(\frac{4}{3}\right)\right]\\
&-\beta^2\left[3^{\frac{1}{3}}\Gamma\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)q_1q_2
+3\Gamma\left(\frac{4}{3}\right)(q_1+2q_2)\right]~,
\end{split}
\end{equation*}
and
\begin{dmath}
\label{3.19}
F_2(k)=\frac{1}{6\beta\Gamma\left(\frac{4}{3}\right)(-P)^{\frac{1}{3}}}\left[-D_1(k)J_1+D_2(k)e^{2\beta t_1}J_2\right]
\end{dmath}
where
\begin{equation*}
\begin{split}J_1
=&-3^{\frac{1}{3}}\Gamma\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)(-P)^{\frac{2}{3}}
  +\beta(-P)^{\frac{1}{3}}\left[3^{\frac{1}{3}}
    \Gamma\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)   (q_1-q_2)
  +3\Gamma\left(\frac{4}{3}\right)\right]\\
&+\beta^2\left[3^{\frac{1}{3}}\Gamma\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)q_1q_2
  +3\Gamma\left(\frac{4}{3}\right)(q_1+2q_2)\right]
  \end{split}
\end{equation*}
\begin{equation*}
\begin{split}
J_2=&3^{\frac{1}{3}}\Gamma\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)(-P)^{\frac{2}{3}}
   +\beta(-P)^{\frac{1}{3}}\left[3^{\frac{1}{3}}
     \Gamma\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)(q_1+q_2)
     +9\Gamma\left(\frac{4}{3}\right)\right]\\
&-\beta^2\left[3^{\frac{1}{3}}\Gamma\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)q_1q_2
   +3\Gamma\left(\frac{4}{3}\right)(q_1+2q_2)\right]
\end{split}
\end{equation*}

We are interested in small wave number limit compared to time scales above, i.e. $kt_1\ll 1$. In the typical inflationary process
$Ht_f\sim10^2$ and $Ht_1\sim10^{-2}$.
Combining these two facts, we can assume
\begin{equation}
\label{3.20}
\beta = \sqrt{-k^2-M} =
\sqrt{-k^2+\frac{3}{16}(3m+1)H^2+\frac{3m+1}{4z^2}}\approx \sqrt{-M}\end{equation}
In addition,  $Q\sim M$, we have
\begin{equation}\label{3.21}
q_1=\frac{-k^2-Q+Pt_1}{(-P)^{\frac{2}{3}}}
\approx\frac{-Q+Pt_1}{(-P)^{\frac{2}{3}}}~.
\end{equation}
Similar argument goes for $q_2$ as well.
From (\ref{3.20}) and (\ref{3.21}) we can see that
$I_{1}$, $I_{2}$ and $J_{1}$, $J_{2}$
are independent of $k$ when $kt_1\ll1$.
From (\ref{3.11}) we know
\begin{equation}
D_1(k)=\frac{1}{2}{\widetilde A}_k(-t_0)e^{\beta t_0},
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
D_2(k)=\frac{1}{2}{\widetilde A}_k(-t_0)e^{-\beta t_0}~.
\end{equation}
Putting  these two into (\ref{3.18}) and (\ref{3.19}),
we obtain, after  the second matching, ${\widetilde A}_k$,
 has the form
\begin{equation}
{\widetilde A}_k = (G_1e^{\beta t}+G_2e^{-\beta t})
     {\widetilde A}_k(-t_0)~,
\end{equation}
both $G_1$ and $G_2$ being independent of $k$.
All in all  we can conclude that after the bounce the spectral index is not altered.

The reconstruction of the bulk data  from boundary data  is elucidated
 in \cite{Brandenberger:2016egn},  we do not reproduce the arguments here.
 The punch line  is that the $k-$dependence of the bulk fluctuations is completely determined by the $k-$dependence of the gauge field fluctuations, $A_k(t)$,  which implies, in turn,  that the evolution of the gauge  fluctuations  will preserve scale invariance across the bounce.

\section{Conclusion and discussion}
\label{sec:disc}

In this paper we used the AdS/CFT correspondence to show that,
 when $kt_1\ll 1$ or in the long-wave limits of  the dual gauge fields
  on the boundary, the  spectral index of the dilaton fluctuations
is not altered as the universe described by the CSTB model undergoes
 a contraction prior to  an expansion.
 The first step was to find a time-dependent  solution of the dialton
 in a type IIB  supergravity  on a time-dependent  $AdS_5\times S^5$.
 We generalize the previous proposal of~\cite{Brandenberger:2016egn}
 in which  a certain behavior of the dilaton $\phi$ was assumed.
We then  utilize the dilaton solution to solve for  the dynamics of
gauge fields  living on the boundary of the $AdS_{5}$.
We study the gauge fields near the bounce point and matched their behavior
at the transitional points in the  different phases of cosmic evolution.
The combined profile  of gauge field evolution is smooth across the bounce
point. The   bounce process  merely alters the amplitudes of  the
modes in the density perturbations, and it affects them in the same manner.
 Therefore it cannot alter the intrinsic  scale dependence in the
spectrum of  matter  perturbations generated during the phase of
cosmic contraction prior to the bounce.
Nevertheless  as we can see from (\ref{3.18}) and (\ref{3.19}),
 as $k$ becomes larger and larger, i.e. if we do not take long wavelength approximation, the dependence in $k$ begins to show up in the spectrum,
the  implications of which are  under investigation.

A clarifying remark is perhaps needed  here to distinguish the two
kinds of $k$-modes,  and their time dependence, involved in the above discussion.
The CST bounce  universe undergoes  a deflation, before the bounce point, accompanied by  horizon crossings  with modes with different $k$'s crossing
 at different times.
This makes  each  $k$-mode  in the primordial density perturbations
pick up an implicit time dependence:
only after this implicit time dependence is carefully taken into account
can the spectrum has  no overall time dependence.
This is the key to the stability analysis on the spectrum generated
from the CSTB model~\cite{Li:2013bha, Li:2012vi}.
But this commonly concerned k-dependence in the primordial spectrum
is not what we have discussed so far   in this work.
The  $k$-modes in (\ref{3.1}) are the $k$-modes of the gauge fields
living on the boundary of the $AdS$.
They are  involved in the  mapping procedure  and merely encode
 the bulk dynamics holographically at some particular points on the boundary.
Therefore they  cannot inject or remove any time dependence in the
primordial spectrum.  Once the dynamics are  mapped  onto the boundary,
there is no more horizon crossing, the  gauge fields evolve under their own equations of motion.

We have made several assumptions and approximations  throughout
the analysis.
 Different   solutions of the  dilaton could be obtained with different
 ansatz of  the Ramond-Ramond field configurations. We have simply chosen
  the most manageable configuration yet retaining interesting physics.
  With higher orders of time dependence in the dilaton field we
 have to expand $M^2_{\rm YM}$ to the higher  order in $t$ when
 solving (\ref{3.1}). A systematic study of the field configurations and
 the corresponding effects on the dilaton field is beyond the scope of
 this paper. These are nevertheless interesting effects together
 with higher $\prime\alpha$ effects to the whole analysis, which we
hope to address in a future publication.

Another line of research would be to properly set up and study the D-brane and anti-D-brane annihilation process for cosmological modeling.
This is the basis for building early universe model from string theory.
Going beyond effective field theory approach and beyond kinematic
analysis or  symmetry  arguments
can  give  a  more realistic touch to string cosmology.
What kind of string compactifications can give rise to a nonsingular
universe matching up to the array of precision cosmological observations
should be the ultimate question  to answer for string cosmologists.

\acknowledgments

This research project has been supported in parts by the NSF China
under Contract 11405084.
We also acknowledge the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under the Marie Sk\'lodowska-Curie grant agreement No 644121,
and  the Priority Academic Program Development for
Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD).

\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{References}
\bibliographystyle{JHEP}

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