No pre-injury baseline of musculoskeletal fitness is available to monitor recovery progress.
"Sick Notes" written to excuse "patients" from work fail to indicate which job demands prevent return to usual duties.
During initial and follow-up visits, "patients" are asked to describe and rate their pain from 0 to 10 as a vital sign for treatment progress, with no objective measures of physical function.
This USUAL approach to care prioritizes medications over activity and contributes to needless work disability, drug abuse, and treatment costs for work-related and non-occupational health conditions.
Workers receive a post-offer WorkAbility Fitness Screen to establish a baseline for musculoskeletal health and fitness-for-duty.
Workplace wellness programs emphasize employee participation in voluntary WorkAbility Movement Screens and triage to manage musculoskeletal risks and promote suitable physical activity.
When a worker requests to be taken off work or put on job restrictions, the priority is to clarify job demands in a manner that allows physicians and therapy professionals to identify job demand barriers that need to be addressed through job accommodation and treatment plans.
During initial and follow-up work rehab visits, objective measures of musculoskeletal health and physical function are re-assessed to validate recovery progress compared to pre-injury baseline.
During work rehabilitation services, the physician and employer are provided with regular reports of functional progress to expedite a safe transition back to usual duties.
Rehabilitation services are delivered at the most convenient work-site or out-patient clinics with appointment times that do not interfere with stay-at-work or return to modified duties.
This is an integrated care process that engages the worker in workplace intervention based on participatory ergonomics and graded activity to promote sustained return to work. A research study by Lambeek et. al. revealed a 26:1 return on investment for integrated care compared to usual care in a randomized controlled trial of workers sick-listed with chronic low back pain.
WorkAbility Network is a member of Occupational Accountable Care (OAC), which is an Ohio collaborative to improve the health, fitness and productivity of employed populations. OAC develops Integrated Disability Management (IDM) solutions for employers by developing relationships with local rehabilitation providers to reduce musculoskeletal claim frequency and severity. OAC can also facilitate a baseline and ongoing return on investment (ROI) analysis to demonstrate the financial benefits of the IDM program for employers. The innovative WorkerFIT Platform is used to integrate Functional Job Analyses, Worker Fitness Exams and Modifications solutions for employers. WorkAbility therapy providers have completed specialized occupational health training to objectively measure physical capacities and monitor worker readiness for job-relevant demands. Functional recovery progress is monitored by objective measures of musculoskeletal fitness and job-specific physical capacities to minimize productivity loss. WorkAbility Examiners also deliver ergonomic job analyses and wellness movement screen services to support workforce safety and productivity.


SB 239063 is a potent and selective p38 MAP kinase inhibitor (IC50 = 44 nM for p38α). SB 239063 displays > 220-fold selectivity over ERK, JNK1 and other kinases; ~ 3-fold more selective than SB 203580. SB 239063 reduces inflammatory cytokine production and is neuroprotective following oral administration in vivo.
*The above data is based on the productmolecular weight 368.4. Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to solvent of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.


You have to possess great leadership skills if you plan to run a business. The best leaders in modern times use several different leadership styles. The fact is that effective leaders are made, not born. Read on for more information about effective leadership skills and use them within your industry.
Honesty is crucial for a very important virtue of becoming a great leader. A leader should be trustworthy. When people know they can trust and rely on you, they can eventually respect you s their leader.
Good leaders should focus on what is to come. You have to see what will happen and come up with that vision in mind. Of course, you're not always going to be right about the future, but you can get pretty good at it. Keep asking yourself what your ultimate goals are and then start planning to make it happen.
Do everything you can to make sure your workers are comfortable with approaching you.Some leaders think that intimidation and bullying is the best way to show they're in charge.
Always be prepared before meeting with your team members. Consider possible questions they may bring up. Spend time thinking of what your answers will be. Your team will appreciate that you more when you have the answers they need. It will also allow you to save quite a lot of valuable time.
Offer rewards for high quality work.While you may be paying them a decent salary, incentives will really improve a person's work.
Set team goals high but make sure they are not impossible ones. Don't set your team up to fail.This is one way to show the world that you're a poor leader.
Integrity and leadership go hand in the same. Integrity is about everything all the truth and making good choices. Leading with integrity helps assure that your team to stand behind you.
Use your role to build a strong team that can work well together. Be able to be there when people need to speak with you about problems and answer questions honestly and to the best of your ability. Your employees should be able to handle their position without too much.
Be sincere and full of confidence when dealing with others. Never be arrogant in your dealings, though. Sincerity builds understanding and trust between you build your edifice of leadership. Insincerity will be obvious to other people so make a habit of being honest with people.
Display the type of traits you want your workers to exhibit. If you're prone to mood swings, they will be too. If you're trustworthy and honest you can expect your employees will do the same.
Leadership can put huge demands on people. These demands may make things harder on you and you won't have a lot of time for your personal life difficult. Remember that you have to have a life as someone who is happy is necessary for good leadership. Take regular breaks to enjoy other parts of your life.
A good business leader needs to have many skills, and these skills can be difficult to acquire. As hard as it can be, you can learn to lead successfully. If you're up to it, try using these tips to become a leader at your business.
How Do I Improve Leadership?


text:
Education/Employment
Earn Free Plants
Chocolate Shogun Astilbe
Astilbe x arendsii 'Chocolate Shogun'
Chocolate Shogun Astilbe flowers
Chocolate Shogun Astilbe foliage
Other Names: False Spirea
Lovely bright pink tipped plumes rising above glossy chocolate brown leaves that emerge coppery-orange in spring; perfect in a shady spot with dappled light; prefers moisture so water regularly for abundant flowers and nice foliage
Chocolate Shogun Astilbe has masses of beautiful plumes of pink flowers at the ends of the stems from early to mid summer, which are most effective when planted in groupings. The flowers are excellent for cutting. Its attractive glossy oval compound leaves emerge coppery-bronze in spring, turning dark brown in color with hints of purple throughout the season. The fruit is not ornamentally significant. The dark red stems can be quite attractive.
Chocolate Shogun Astilbe is an herbaceous perennial with an upright spreading habit of growth. Its relatively fine texture sets it apart from other garden plants with less refined foliage.
This is a relatively low maintenance plant, and is best cleaned up in early spring before it resumes active growth for the season. It is a good choice for attracting butterflies to your yard, but is not particularly attractive to deer who tend to leave it alone in favor of tastier treats. It has no significant negative characteristics.
Chocolate Shogun Astilbe is recommended for the following landscape applications;
Chocolate Shogun Astilbe will grow to be about 20 inches tall at maturity, with a spread of 24 inches. When grown in masses or used as a bedding plant, individual plants should be spaced approximately 18 inches apart. It grows at a medium rate, and under ideal conditions can be expected to live for approximately 10 years.
This plant does best in partial shade to shade. It requires an evenly moist well-drained soil for optimal growth. It is very fussy about its soil conditions and must have rich, acidic soils to ensure success, and is subject to chlorosis (yellowing) of the leaves in alkaline soils. It is somewhat tolerant of urban pollution, and will benefit from being planted in a relatively sheltered location. Consider applying a thick mulch around the root zone over the growing season to conserve soil moisture. This particular variety is an interspecific hybrid. It can be propagated by division; however, as a cultivated variety, be aware that it may be subject to certain restrictions or prohibitions on propagation.
Chocolate Shogun Astilbe is a fine choice for the garden, but it is also a good selection for planting in outdoor pots and containers. With its upright habit of growth, it is best suited for use as a 'thriller' in the 'spiller-thriller-filler' container combination; plant it near the center of the pot, surrounded by smaller plants and those that spill over the edges. Note that when growing plants in outdoor containers and baskets, they may require more frequent waterings than they would in the yard or garden. Be aware that in our climate, most plants cannot be expected to survive the winter if left in containers outdoors, and this plant is no exception. Contact our store for more information on how to protect it over the winter months.
SEE YOU IN THE SPRING!!!
Welcome to Bloomers! We're a northern Minnesota garden center and landscaping company who cultivates hand-selected plants and designs imaginative landscapes.
© 2020 Bloomers Garden Center – Grand Rapids, MN

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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AlgebraElements Of Modern AlgebraTrue or False Label each of the following statements as either true or false. If A is a subset of B and B is a subset of A , then A and B are equal.
True or False Label each of the following statements as either true or false. If A is a subset of B and B is a subset of A , then A and B are equal.
Elements Of Modern Algebra
Gilbert + 2 others
Publisher: Cengage Learning,
1 Fundamentals2 The Integers3 Groups4 More On Groups5 Rings, Integral Domains, And Fields6 More On Rings7 Real And Complex Numbers8 Polynomials
1.1 Sets1.2 Mappings1.3 Properties Of Composite Mappings (optional)1.4 Binary Operations1.5 Permutations And Inverses1.6 Matrices1.7 Relations
Problem 1TFE
Problem 10TFE
Chapter 1.1, Problem 2TFE
Label each of the following statements as either true or false.
If A is a subset of B and B is a subset of A , then A and B are equal.
Chapter 1.1,
Ch. 1.1 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.1 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.1 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.1 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.1 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.1 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.1 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.1 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.1 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.1 - True or False Label each of the following...
Ch. 1.1 - For each set A, describe A by indicating a...Ch. 1.1 - 2. Decide whether or not each statement is true...Ch. 1.1 - Decide whether or not each statement is true. (a)...Ch. 1.1 - 4. Decide whether or not each of the following is...Ch. 1.1 - Evaluate each of the following sets, where U={...Ch. 1.1 - 6. Determine whether each of the following is...Ch. 1.1 - Write out the power set, (A), for each set A. a....Ch. 1.1 - 8. Describe two partitions of each of the...Ch. 1.1 - Write out all the different partitions of the...Ch. 1.1 - 10. Suppose the set has a . a. How many elements...Ch. 1.1 - 11. State the most general conditions on the...Ch. 1.1 - 12. Let Z denote the set of all integers, and...Ch. 1.1 - 13. Let Z denote the set of all integers, and...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 1435, prove each statement. ABABCh. 1.1 - In Exercises 1435, prove each statement. (A)=ACh. 1.1 - In Exercises , prove each statement. 16. If and ,...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises , prove each statement. 17. if and...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises , prove each statement. 18. Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises , prove each statement. 19. Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 1435, prove each statement. (AB)=ABCh. 1.1 - In Exercise 14-35, prove each statement. 21. Ch. 1.1 - In Exercise 14-35, prove each statement. A(AB)=ABCh. 1.1 - In Exercises 14-35, prove each statement. 23. Ch. 1.1 - In Exercise 14-35, prove each statement....Ch. 1.1 - In Exercise 14-35, prove each statement. If AB,...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercise 14-35, prove each statement. 26. If...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercise 14-35, prove each statement. 27. Ch. 1.1 - In Exercise 14-35, prove each statement. A(BA)=Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 14-35, prove each statement. 29. Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 14-35, prove each statement....Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 1435, prove each statement....Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 1435, prove each statement....Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises , prove each statement. 33. Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises , prove each statement. 34. if and...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 1435, prove each statement. AB if and...Ch. 1.1 - Prove or disprove that AB=AC implies B=C.Ch. 1.1 - Prove or disprove that AB=AC implies B=C.Ch. 1.1 - 38. Prove or disprove that . Ch. 1.1 - Prove or disprove that (AB)=(A)(B).Ch. 1.1 - 40. Prove or disprove that . Ch. 1.1 - Express (AB)(AB) in terms of unions and...Ch. 1.1 - 42. Let the operation of addition be defined on...Ch. 1.1 - 43. Let the operation of addition be as defined in...Ch. 1.2 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.2 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.2 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.2 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.2 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.2 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.2 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.2 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.2 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.2 - 1. For the given sets, form the Cartesian...Ch. 1.2 - For each of the following mapping, state the...Ch. 1.2 - 3. For each of the following mappings, write out ...Ch. 1.2 - For each of the following mappings f:ZZ, determine...Ch. 1.2 - 5. For each of the following mappings, determine...Ch. 1.2 - 6. For the given subsets and of Z, let and...Ch. 1.2 - 7. For the given subsets and of Z, let and...Ch. 1.2 - 8. For the given subsets and of Z, let and...Ch. 1.2 - For the given subsets A and B of Z, let f(x)=2x...Ch. 1.2 - For each of the following parts, give an example...Ch. 1.2 - For the given f:ZZ, decide whether f is onto and...Ch. 1.2 - 12. Let and . For the given , decide whether is...Ch. 1.2 - 13. For the given decide whether is onto and...Ch. 1.2 - 14. Let be given by a. Prove or disprove that ...Ch. 1.2 - 15. a. Show that the mapping given in Example 2...Ch. 1.2 - 16. Let be given by a. For , find and . b. ...Ch. 1.2 - 17. Let be given by a. For find and. b. For...Ch. 1.2 - 18. Let and be defined as follows. In each case,...Ch. 1.2 - Let f and g be defined in the various parts of...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 20-22, Suppose and are positive...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 20-22, Suppose and are positive...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 20-22, Suppose and are positive...Ch. 1.2 - Let a and b be constant integers with a0, and let...Ch. 1.2 - 24. Let, where and are nonempty. Prove that for...Ch. 1.2 - 25. Let, where and are non empty, and let and ...Ch. 1.2 - 26. Let and. Prove that for any subset of T of...Ch. 1.2 - 27. Let , where and are nonempty. Prove that ...Ch. 1.2 - 28. Let where and are nonempty. Prove that ...Ch. 1.3 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.3 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.3 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.3 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.3 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.3 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.3 - For each of the following pairs and decide...Ch. 1.3 - For each pair given in Exercise 1, decide whether ...Ch. 1.3 - Let . Find mappings and such that. Ch. 1.3 - Give an example of mappings and such that one of...Ch. 1.3 - Give an example of mapping and different from...Ch. 1.3 - 6. a. Give an example of mappings and , different...Ch. 1.3 - 7. a. Give an example of mappings and , where is...Ch. 1.3 - Suppose f,g and h are all mappings of a set A into...Ch. 1.3 - Find mappings f,g and h of a set A into itself...Ch. 1.3 - Let g:AB and f:BC. Prove that f is onto if fg is...Ch. 1.3 - 11. Let and . Prove that is one-to-one if is...Ch. 1.3 - Let f:AB and g:BA. Prove that f is one-to-one and...Ch. 1.4 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.4 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.4 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.4 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.4 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.4 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.4 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.4 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.4 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.4 - 1. Decide whether the given set is closed with...Ch. 1.4 - In each part following, a rule that determines a...Ch. 1.4 - 3. Let be a set of three elements given by . In...Ch. 1.4 - 4. Let be a set of three elements given by . In...Ch. 1.4 - 5. Let be the set of four elements given by with...Ch. 1.4 - Let S be the set of four elements given by S={...Ch. 1.4 - 7. Prove or disprove that the set of nonzero...Ch. 1.4 - 8. Prove or disprove that the set of all odd...Ch. 1.4 - 9. The definition of an even integer was stated in...Ch. 1.4 - 10. Prove or disprove that the set of all nonzero...Ch. 1.4 - Prove or disprove that the set B={ z3|zZ } is...Ch. 1.4 - 12. Prove or disprove that the set of non zero...Ch. 1.4 - Assume that is an associative binary operation on...Ch. 1.4 - Assume that is a binary operation on a non empty...Ch. 1.4 - 15. Let be a binary operation on the non empty...Ch. 1.4 - Assume that is an associative binary operation on...Ch. 1.5 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.5 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.5 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.5 - For each of the following mappings exhibit a...Ch. 1.5 - 2. For each of the mappings given in Exercise 1,...Ch. 1.5 - 3. If is a positive integer and the set has ...Ch. 1.5 - 4. Let , where is nonempty. Prove that a has...Ch. 1.5 - Let f:AA, where A is nonempty. Prove that f a has...Ch. 1.5 - 6. Prove that if is a permutation on , then is a...Ch. 1.5 - Prove that if f is a permutation on A, then...Ch. 1.5 - 8. a. Prove that the set of all onto mappings from...Ch. 1.5 - Let f and g be permutations on A. Prove that...Ch. 1.5 - 10. Let and be mappings from to. Prove that if is...Ch. 1.6 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.6 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.6 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.6 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.6 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.6 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.6 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.6 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.6 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.6 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.6 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.6 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.6 - Write out the matrix that matches the given...Ch. 1.6 - 2. Perform the indicated operations, if...Ch. 1.6 - 3. Perform the following multiplications, if...Ch. 1.6 - Let A=[aij]23 where aij=i+j, and let B=[bij]34...Ch. 1.6 - 5. Show that the matrix equation is equivalent to...Ch. 1.6 - 6. Write a single matrix equation of the form ...Ch. 1.6 - Let ij denote the Kronecker delta: ij=1 if i=j,...Ch. 1.6 - Let S be the set of four matrices S={I,A,B,C},...Ch. 1.6 - 9. Find two square matrices and such that. Ch. 1.6 - Find two nonzero matrices A and B such that AB=BA.Ch. 1.6 - 11. Find two nonzero matrices and such that. Ch. 1.6 - 12. Positive integral powers of a square matrix...Ch. 1.6 - For the matrices in Exercise 12, evaluate (A+B)2...Ch. 1.6 - Assume that A1 exists and find a solution X to...Ch. 1.6 - 15. Assume that are in and with and invertible....Ch. 1.6 - a. Prove part d of Theorem 1.30. b. Prove part e...Ch. 1.6 - a. Prove part a. of Theorem 1.34. b. Prove part b....Ch. 1.6 - Prove part b of Theorem 1.35. Theorem 1.35 ...Ch. 1.6 - Let a and b be real numbers and A and B elements...Ch. 1.6 - Prove that if then. Ch. 1.6 - Suppose that A is an invertible matrix over and O...Ch. 1.6 - Let be the set of all elements of that have one...Ch. 1.6 - Prove that the set S={[abba]|a,b} is closed with...Ch. 1.6 - Prove or disprove that the set of diagonal...Ch. 1.6 - Let A and B be square matrices of order n over...Ch. 1.6 - Let and be square matrices of order over ....Ch. 1.6 - A square matrix A=[aij]n with aij=0 for all ij is...Ch. 1.6 - Let a,b,c,andd be real numbers. If adbc0, show...Ch. 1.6 - Let A=[abcd] over . Prove that if adbc=0, then A...Ch. 1.6 - Let be elements of where is not a zero matrix....Ch. 1.6 - Let A,BandC be square matrices of order n over ....Ch. 1.6 - Let A and B be nn matrices over such that A1 and...Ch. 1.7 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.7 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.7 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.7 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.7 - True or False Label each of the following...Ch. 1.7 - Label each of the following statements as either...Ch. 1.7 - For determine which of the following relations...Ch. 1.7 - 2. In each of the following parts, a relation is...Ch. 1.7 - a. Let R be the equivalence relation defined on Z...Ch. 1.7 - 4. Let be the relation "congruence modulo 5"...Ch. 1.7 - 5. Let be the relation "congruence modulo "...Ch. 1.7 - In Exercises 610, a relation R is defined on the...Ch. 1.7 - In Exercises 610, a relation R is defined on the...Ch. 1.7 - In Exercises 610, a relation R is defined on the...Ch. 1.7 - In Exercises 610, a relation R is defined on the...Ch. 1.7 - In Exercises , a relation is defined on the set ...Ch. 1.7 - Let be a relation defined on the set of all...Ch. 1.7 - Let and be lines in a plane. Decide in each case...Ch. 1.7 - 13. Consider the set of all nonempty subsets of ....Ch. 1.7 - In each of the following parts, a relation is...Ch. 1.7 - Let A=R0, the set of all nonzero real numbers, and...Ch. 1.7 - 16. Let and define on by if and only if ....Ch. 1.7 - In each of the following parts, a relation R is...Ch. 1.7 - Let (A) be the power set of the nonempty set A,...Ch. 1.7 - For each of the following relations R defined on...Ch. 1.7 - Give an example of a relation R on a nonempty set...Ch. 1.7 - 21. A relation on a nonempty set is called...Ch. 1.7 - A relation R on a nonempty set A is called...Ch. 1.7 - A relation R on a nonempty set A is called...Ch. 1.7 - For any relation on the nonempty set, the inverse...Ch. 1.7 - 25. Let , , and . Write out and . Ch. 1.7 - 26. Let , , and . Write out and . Ch. 1.7 - Prove Theorem 1.40: If is an equivalence relation...Ch. 1.7 - 28. Let , and . Define the relation R on A by if...Ch. 1.7 - 29. Suppose , , represents a partition of the...Ch. 1.7 - Suppose thatis an onto mapping from to. Prove that...
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text:
Tim Peake to headline data festival in Edinburgh
Peake is the first major speaker announced for the 2020 Data Summit by organisers The Data Lab
Kenny Kemp
Tim Peake, the renowned British astronaut, will speak at the 2020 Data Summit in Edinburgh
Tim Peake, the renowned British astronaut who made over 3,000 orbits of the Earth, is set to land at the Data Summit in Edinburgh as part of the UK's biggest data and artificial intelligence festival, DataFest.
The announcement comes as the festival organisers, The Data Lab, call for fringe event submissions for the two-week festival which will take place across Scotland in March.
TVSquared announce new partnership to aid television advertising
This year's key theme '#BeyondData' will focus on the impact data and AI has on the world and the future potential of the sector to help realise innovation across business and wider society, with a key focus on the challenges and opportunities data and AI presents.
Now in its fourth year, DataFest has grown into a key event for professionals working in the sector across the UK and further afield – attracting more than 4,000 visitors in 2019.
The signing of Tim Peake marks the first major speaker announcement for the 2020 event, with more to follow. Famous for spending six months on the international space station, Peake completed approximately 3000 orbits of the Earth during his time on the International Space Station, and covered a distance of 125 million kilometres.
Tim Peake said: "Space has always been at the forefront of technology and engineering, which is never more relevant than today. As we look to returning to the Moon and exploring Mars, technologies such as artificial intelligence, robotics, 3D printing and virtual reality are making our future missions possible. I'm delighted to be speaking at DataFest and sharing my story of space exploration and what the exciting future holds."
Edinburgh analytics business wins £500,000 contract to build innovative waste tracker
Gillian Docherty, chief executive at The Data Lab, said: "Tim Peake has been on an inspirational journey and has a fascinating story to tell, having undertaken a role which the vast majority of us can only dream of. He's therefore an ideal speaker to headline DataFest20, which looks to celebrate the huge impact data and AI is having on science, businesses and society across the world, and encourages us to think about what happens next?"
As part of his involvement, Peake will also take part in a number of STEM events to work with school children across Edinburgh and Glasgow.


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The Rise and Decline of African-American Hospitals in Philadelphia
October 2, 2020 | by Moyra Schauffler
Nurses at Mercy-Douglas Hospital circa 1950s. | Image courtesy of the Barbara Bates Center for The Study of Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania
In the last five years, announcements of Philadelphia hospital closures have filled headlines in the city's news outlets. The ongoing Black Lives Matter protests around the nation and the COVID-19 pandemic places these recent institutional deaths in stark relief. And although local medical facilities have largely been able to weather the current health crisis, the shuttering of St. Joseph's Hospital in 2016 and Hahnemann University Hospital in 2019, as well as the proposed end of acute care at Mercy Catholic Hospital in West Philadelphia, all point to a new and dangerous phenomenon in the city: the removal of medical care facilities that predominantly treat Philadelphia's impoverished residents. In a city of nearly 400,000 living below the poverty line, the Pew Charitable Trust estimates that about 91 percent of these Philadelphians are African American, Hispanic/Latinx, or Asian people of color.
When we pay close attention to the neighborhoods served by these closed, or closing, hospitals, we see that they primarily treated this most vulnerable subset of Philadelphia's population. A look at the institutional history of Mercy-Douglass Hospital, however, shows that this phenomenon is not new. It is the next phase in a much longer trend of financial struggles and hospital closures that provided care for this same population in the late 19th and 20th centuries. At a moment when citizens around the country are taking to the streets calling for acknowledgement of and action against injustices experienced by people of color, recognition of the systemic factors that caused the closure of Black hospitals in the city is critical to appreciating the modern reoccurrence of this same development.
While some Philadelphians today may remember Mercy-Douglass Hospital at the corner of 50th and Woodland Avenue, two medical facilities preceded this medical institution. Dr. Nathan F. Mossell established the first African American-run hospital in Philadelphia, and the second one in the United States, in 1895. Initially, Frederick Douglass Memorial Hospital and School for Nurses occupied a small, multiple-story building at 1512 Lombard Street and later expanded to include 1532 and 1534 Lombard Street. In 1905, Dr. Eugene Hinson and a group of other black physicians working at Douglass Hospital were unsatisfied with Dr. Mossell's leadership and founded their own medical care facility. This new institution, Mercy Hospital, opened in 1907 at 17th and Fitzwater Streets and was the second Black-controlled hospital in Philadelphia.
Because both hospitals primarily served impoverished city residents who could not afford to pay for care, they struggled financially. Although they received contributions from women's benevolent organizations, individual donors, as well as city and state appropriations, funds were routinely tight due to limited cash flow from paying patients. In March 1948, the two hospitals merged to form Mercy-Douglass Hospital in hopes of reducing their respective financial stress and ensuring the existence of one adequate hospital for African Americans doctors, nurses, and patients in Philadelphia. In 1973, however, due to continuing financial problems and limited staff, Mercy-Douglass Hospital closed its doors permanently.
Nurses-in-training receive classroom instruction at Mercy-Douglas Hospital. Date unknown. | Image courtesy of the Barbara Bates Center for The Study of Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania
Diving deeply into the changes Mercy-Douglass Hospital and its institutional predecessors experienced between 1895 and 1973 contextualizes the contemporary wave of hospital closures in Philadelphia because it provides historical examples of institutions that faced similar financial problems caused by treating impoverished patients. Like contemporary hospitals in Philadelphia, the challenges faced by Frederick Douglass Memorial Hospital, Mercy Hospital, and Mercy-Douglass Hospital raised questions about adequate healthcare for African Americans, as well as the poor more generally, in the city.
From this history we see that rather than a modern problem, hospital closures are a phenomena that have plagued Philadelphia for decades, causing disruptions in healthcare for people of color and changes to the city's built environment. After Mercy-Douglass Hospital and its predecessors across the city closed, the former hospital sites became a modern rehabilitation center for patients transitioning to independent living after a hospital stay, a park and recreation center, and a non-profit medical practice that serves underinsured and uninsured patients.
This variation shows that at no point did a hospital replace a closed institution, meaning that patients who relied on large-capacity neighborhood acute care services had to travel farther distances than they did before. As a long-lasting and multidimensional problem, to remedy the city's healthcare crisis will require long-term solutions, rather than immediate attempts to make space at other large and small healthcare facilities for affected neighborhoods.
Frederick Douglass Memorial Hospital and School for Nurses (1895-1948)
The Frederick Douglass Memorial Hospital and Training School on Lombard Street. Date unknown. | Image courtesy of the University of Pennsylvania Archives
In 1895, Dr. Nathan F. Mossell, the first black physician to graduate from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, founded Frederick Douglass Memorial Hospital and School for Nurses in the heart of the city's Seventh Ward. As an early institution that helped launch the Black hospital movement, Mossell intended for this hospital to provide adequate medical care to the city's Black residents. Moreover, in an era when hospitals operated by white doctors excluded Black physicians and nurses, he also wanted to provide space for these professionals to train and establish their careers.
While physical record of Douglass Hospital on the Philadelphia built environment is limited to a state historical marker at 1522 Lombard Street, information about the hospital fills the local written historical record. In his 1951 article on the history of Mercy-Douglass Hospital in the Journal of Negro Education, Elliott Rudwick described the hospital's first location at 1512 Lombard Street as a "private three story [sic] dwelling." According to the Philadelphia Inquirer, the layout included a basement dedicated to outpatient care, a second-floor women's ward with 14 beds, private bed space, and an operating room, as well as a ward for men on the third floor.
In the first year of operation, despite running a deficit of $681.62, the hospital treated nearly 1,000 Black Philadelphians in both the inpatient and outpatient wards with conditions that "ranged from alcoholism to whooping cough." In that year, five patients died at the hospital, but none of the deaths occurred during the 31 operations. Three women gave birth at the hospital in that year as well.
Through donations from individuals and fundraisers by the Douglass Ladies' Auxiliary, as well as annual $6,000 appropriations from the state, the hospital survived the first several years of operation while mostly treating patients who could not afford to pay hospital fees. By 1898, increasing numbers of patients necessitated more space, and the hospital expanded to include 1532 and 1534 Lombard Street.
Five African American nurses stand in front of Frederick Douglass Memorial Hospital on Lombard Street in the 1940s. | Image courtesy of the John W. Mosley Photograph Collection, Charles L. Blockson Afro-American Collection, Temple University Libraries
Although Black male physicians led the hospital and performed operations, an important part of Douglass Hospital was the training school for Black female nurses. By 1896, five Black female nurses were in training. Their program included weekly lectures and required courses on massage techniques and "invalid cooking." In addition to female nurses, the hospital also employed a Black female pharmacist from Howard University.
Despite a group of doctors defecting and establishing Mercy Hospital in 1907, Douglass Hospital thrived in its early years. By 1909, its financials were strong enough to build a new, $100,000 building at 1532 Lombard Street. This success did not last, however. As hospital inspection and standardization increased in the 1920s, Douglass hospital began to fall short of expectations for adequate medical care facilities. At that point, the Philadelphia Federation of Charities removed the institution from its list of approved hospitals and the American College of Surgeons only conditionally approved its certification of the hospital.
Lack of supplies and necessary repairs caused potential patients to avoid the hospital. In 1929, for example, limited donations resulted in a shortage of food for patients. Over a five-year period around this year, the 70-bed facility consistently remained only 40 percent full. The Great Depression compounded these already existing supply and financial problems. Low numbers of patients continued to go to the hospital, and they increasingly could not pay for services. Monetary and material donations slowed to a trickle as well, causing the hospital's deficit to increase astronomically.
These cycles of challenges caused by limited funds, inadequate facilities, lack of supplies, and low patient numbers caused Douglass Hospital's reputation to plummet. In 1942, during discussions about merging Douglass Hospital and Mercy Hospital, the Pennsylvania State Board of Medical Education and Licensure removed the hospital from the list of approved institutions to train medical interns. This removal proved to be one of the final nails in Frederick Douglass Memorial Hospital's coffin. Without the ability to train black physicians, the hospital could no longer achieve one of Dr. Mossell's original goals for the institution.
Seven years later, after extensive discussions between representatives from Douglass Hospital, Mercy Hospital, and the Community Chest of Philadelphia, Douglass hospital closed as a result of the merger of the two institutions. Due to the disrepair of the building at 1532 Lombard Street, in 1948, the newly merged hospital moved to Mercy Hospital's location at 50th and Woodland Avenue, officially closing the first Black-controlled hospital in Philadelphia.
Mercy Hospital and School for Nurses (1907-1948)
Mercy Hospital at 50th and Woodland Avenue in the 1930s. | Image courtesy of the Barbara Bates Center for The Study of Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania
After over a decade of operation, in 1907, Dr. Eugene Hinson and a group of his fellow Black doctors at Frederick Douglass Memorial Hospital broke away from their original employer and established Mercy Hospital and School for Nurses. Like its predecessor, Mercy Hospital trained and employed Black physicians and nurses. But these leaders believed that their new hospital differed from Douglass hospital because it was more "progressive" in that younger physicians could operate more often than they could under the direction of Mossell.
The structures Mercy Hospital occupied between 1907 and 1948 mirror the evolution of hospitals from small, multi-story buildings to larger complexes. In his history of Mercy-Douglass hospital, Elliott Rudwick describes the first building as "a private dwelling on the Northwest Corner of 17th and Fitzwater Streets" that the group of doctors purchased for $9,900. In the first few years of operation, Mercy Hospital struggled to obtain necessary supplies and money to pay employees. By 1919, however, the hospital's financial situation and attendance had improved enough that its board expanded the institution by purchasing the Episcopal Divinity School on 50th and Woodland Avenue. With this new acquisition, Mercy Hospital provided over 100 beds for patients and employed more than 50 doctors.
This was the point at which Mercy Hospital and its predecessor began to diverge. As Douglass Hospital's reputation deteriorated in the 1920s, Mercy Hospital's remained more positive. Potential patients avoided Douglass Hospital and instead went for treatment at Mercy. When talks of a merger began in the early 1940s, Mercy doctors deplored the idea because of Douglass hospital's poor reputation, indicating a perceived hierarchy existed between the two institutions. By the end of the decade, despite 71 percent of patients unable to pay for hospital services, Mercy Hospital raised enough money to build a new nurses' home, power plant, and laundry. Unfortunately, the Great Depression disrupted this success, and like Douglass Hospital, Mercy plunged into financial trouble from which it never fully recovered.
Throughout the 1930s and 1940s, Mercy Hospital continued to struggle financially, just like its counterpart on Lombard Street. It accrued mounting debt, and although physicians on staff resisted discussions about the possible merger between the two institutions, the reality of the two Philadelphia African American hospitals failing to meet basic standards for supplies and facilities resulted in the 1948 merger.
Mercy-Douglass Hospital (1948-1973)
Mercy-Douglas Hospital's new facility 50th Street and Woodland Avenue in 1954. | Image courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
The institutional history of Mercy-Douglass Hospital continued much like its predecessors: a cycle of hope for adequate care and training space for Black patients and doctors, followed by years of decline, and eventual closure. Soon after the merger, the oversight committee chose the Mercy Hospital location at 50th and Woodland Avenue in West Philadelphia for the new hospital's location. Between May and late June 1948, the Douglass Hospital location on Lombard Street remained opened as the Mercy-Douglass obstetrics division, while 50th and Woodland served as the general hospital. This arrangement did not last, and the Philadelphia Tribune announced the closure of the Lombard street facility on June 29, 1948.
The committee in charge of the merger preferred the Mercy Hospital facility at 50th and Woodland Avenue because it included far more space than the Douglass Hospital location. Not only did this address have a large number of hospital beds, it also boasted a more modern school for nurses, several outbuildings that could be remodeled, and ample grounds for future expansions.
Although 50th and Woodland provided exciting opportunities for future expansion, the first director of Mercy-Douglass, Dr. Wilbur B. Strickland, a Black physician who spent part of his career as a hospital administrator for the United States Army, inherited the challenges of the new hospital's predecessors. Just after the merger, Mercy-Douglass lacked sufficient oxygen, blood, and medications to treat patients. By remedying these shortages and implementing structures such as increasing staff efficiency and adding departments that would increase revenue, he hoped to ensure the hospital's long-term success.
A group of nurses at Mercy-Douglass Hospital with hospital administrator Mr. Prosoe. | Image courtesy of the Barbara Bates Center for The Study of Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania
Despite Strickland's goals, as well as those of his successors, Mercy-Douglass remained in financial distress. Elliott Rudwick believed that the root of the problem was that the hospital treated far too many patients who could not pay hospital fees. With 82 beds available in the public ward and just 22 beds available in private and semi-private rooms, he argued that patients with the financial means to pay for treatment turned away in favor of hospitals that offered more privacy and less "charity."
The Philadelphia Tribune's July 1973 headline announcing the closure of Mercy-Douglass Hospital reiterated the financial problems that plagued the institution. The headline read "Money Problems, Lack of Doctors, Nurses Force Mercy Hospital to Close," and thus pointed to the consistency with which financial and staffing problems troubled the hospital and its predecessors. The article also referred to the merger as a "shotgun wedding," indicating that it may have been ill-advised and doomed from the start due to existing problems each of the former institutions brought to the merged hospital. Despite this rather critical stance towards Mercy-Douglass and the challenges that caused it to close, the Tribune lamented the shuttering of the city's only Black hospital. It called the moment a "sad day for the Philadelphia Black Community" and the closure the "death rattles of former, proud Black citadels of mercy."
The Legacy of 20th Century African American Hospital Closures
The closure of Mercy-Douglass Hospital in 1973 ended the tumultuous history of this institution and its predecessors, Mercy Hospital and Frederick Douglass Memorial Hospital. From this institutional history we gain a window on the successes and challenges faced by Black-controlled hospitals from the late-19th to the mid-20th century. Each of these stories allow us to see how Black doctors and nurses established and operated care facilities for African American patients in a period when pervasive racism may have prevented them from receiving adequate treatment in white-run hospitals. We also see the strong emphasis African American hospital administrators placed on creating space for Black doctors and nurses to train when they were denied such opportunities in white-run hospitals.
But the stories of Douglass Hospital, Mercy Hospital, and Mercy-Douglass Hospital are as tragic as they are illuminative. They show us that financial difficulties caused by treating impoverished patients of color led to their demise. Cycles of supply shortages, inadequate facilities, debt, and closures plague this history. These stories illustrate that without the resources of and association with the contemporary hospitals of the University of Pennsylvania, for example, Mercy-Douglass could not survive.
A nurse at Mercy-Douglass Hospital presents triplets born to an Eastwick woman in 1961. | Image courtesy of Temple University Libraries, Special Collections Research Center
What do these 20th century hospital closures teach us about modern closures of St. Joseph's Hospital, Hahnemann Hospital, and Mercy Catholic Hospital? Each of these three hospitals that have closed or will likely close predominantly treated poor communities of color. Their removal caused or will cause shifts in if and where these communities receive acute care. The 20th century closures teach us that this phenomenon is not new. When the Frederick Douglass Memorial Hospital building on Lombard Street closed in the summer of 1948, patients who lived in the vicinity of the hospital made this same shift. Again in 1973, patients in the vicinity of 50th and Woodland were suddenly without access to healthcare in their neighborhood.
In this particular moment when the international COVID-19 pandemic bears down on the city and Philadelphians join national protests calling for racial justice, the closure of contemporary local hospitals is especially striking. When citizens across the city recognize the long-term impacts of systemic racism, empty space in Hahnemann sits unused while other hospitals strive to meet the needs of impoverished patients. This moment shows the dangerous consequences of eliminating the city's medical care facilities.
But the current crisis should not distract one from the long history of hospital closures in the city. As the institutional histories of Mercy-Douglass Hospital and its predecessors show, Philadelphia has experienced hospital closures in critical areas for decades. The historical roots, then, mean that a solution must address systemic factors that cause, and have caused, these institutions to close, rather than only on temporary adjustments to ensure affected populations receive the care they need in the immediate future.
Tags: African-American history Hospitals West Philadelpha
Moyra Schauffler is a PhD student at Penn State University where she is affiliated with the George and Ann Richards Civil War Era Center and the Center for Black Digital Research. Her research focuses on medical and disability history, as well as material culture of the Civil War Era. She holds a Bachelor of Arts from Dickinson College and a Master of Arts from Villanova University.
Hospital consolidations bring efficiencies and better care for those requiring hospitalization. They also bring integration of different races, religions, and medical philosophies. These are all good things.
The early Catholic and Jewish hospitals were all in impoverished neighborhoods because that is where those Catholics and Jews lived. They faced discrimination in medical care as well as medical training of doctors and nurses. We should all rejoice in the closure of small unprofitable hospitals as long as outpatient clinics remain accessible in every neighborhood (which they do).
Joan Reynolds says:
Excellent presentation of an ongoing problem I grew up in West Philly& heard of Mercy Douglas but had no idea of its history & value. So sorry to see history being repeated.
Janes says:
Was Mercy Catholic Hospital ever affiliated with Mercy Douglas?
A very interesting article. It doesn't matter whether you are carrying a load of impoverished patients or cruising with a load of patients with health insurance who pay their hospital bills. If impoverished hospitatsls close, they will dump their loads of indigents upon the well off hospitals whose balance sheets will shrink given the payment problems forced upon by impoverished patients.
We will have to find a way to keep both kinds of hospitals afloat especially when we have the coronavirus hurting the balance sheets of many well off as well as impoverished hospitals, both of whom get money from be the Cares program
Barbara Ann Jones says:
Mercy Catholic was not affiliated with Mercy Douglass Hospital.
Very surprised this article made no mention of MCP {aka Women's Medical} in East Falls.
Margaret Darby says:
What a wonderfully researched article! Thank you so much.
Marquis Holland says:
Did Oscar James Cooper worked there.
JJ says:
An Incredible piece of history that has been ignored for too long. Thanks for posting!
Excellent historical content former "New Falicity" when. Constructed 1954 or 1956 still segregation was prevalent during 50's USA. Sadly cease operation majority, independent hospitals. Building lingering abandoned until 1986 torn down. Presently medical center.


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As PM Modi heads to France, a look at the longstanding and growing ties between New Delhi and Paris
Updated Aug 21, 2019 | 16:43 IST
PM Narendra Modi is expected to hold discussions with French leaders on strengthening strategic ties in key areas such as defence, nuclear energy, maritime cooperation and counterterrorism.
PM Narendra Modi with French President Emmanuel Macron | &nbspPhoto Credit:&nbspTwitter
During his visit to France, Modi will hold talks with French President Emmanuel Macron and his counterpart Edouard Charles Philippe
As per available data, the bilateral trade in goods in 2017 stood at € 10.69 billion, an increase of 24.6 per cent as compared to 2016
New Delhi signed an agreement with Paris on 23 September 2016 for the purchase of 36 Rafale jets in flyaway condition
Almost a week after the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) held a closed-door meeting at Pakistan's behest (through China) on the Kashmir issue, Prime Minister Narendra Modi will pay a two-day state visit to France from August 22. France is one of the five permanent members of the UNSC. After his visit, PM Modi will leave for bilateral visits to the UAE and Bahrain and will return to the French city of Biarritz on August 25 to attend the G7 Summit. India is not a member of the G7 countries, but it has been invited as a partner country.
During his visit to France, Modi will hold talks with French President Emmanuel Macron and French PM Edouard Charles Philippe. Besides this, he will address an event of the Indian community at the UNESCO headquarters in Paris and also inaugurate a memorial for Indian victims of two tragic air crashes of Air India flights in 1950 and 1966.
PM Modi is expected to hold discussions with French leaders on strengthening strategic ties in key areas such as defence, nuclear energy, maritime cooperation and counterterrorism.
Both countries have shared cordial and warm relations for many years. Puducherry in India remained a French colony from the 17th century until 1954. The two countries entered into a strategic partnership
India and France have shared healthy trade and investment ties. As per available data, the bilateral trade in goods in 2017 stood at € 10.69 billion, an increase of 24.6 per cent as compared to 2016. India's exports to France were valued at € 5.35 billion in 2017 while French exports to India during the same period was estimated at € 5.344 billion.
Besides this, almost 1,000 French companies are present in India with a total turnover of US$ 20 billion. French companies have more than 25 R&D centres in India. France is the ninth-largest foreign investor in India with a cumulative investment of US$ 6.09 billion from April 2000 to October 2017.
Defence ties
New Delhi signed an agreement with Paris on 23 September 2016 for the purchase of 36 Rafale jets in flyaway condition. The inter-governmental agreement was signed by the then Indian Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar and his counterpart Le Drian. The project implementation is underway.
Apart from this, India also signed an agreement with France in October 2006 to buy six P-75 Scorpene submarines. As per the deal, all six vessels were to be built under technology transfer at the Mazagaon Docks Ltd. The first submarine INS Kalvari was commissioned in October 2017.
Defence forces of both countries also participate in various exercises, including Exercise Shakti (Army), Exercise Varuna (Navy), Exercise Garuda(Air Force).
Space cooperation
Indian Space Research Organisation and the French Space Agency (CNES) have been cooperating for many years. GSAT-17 was launched from Kourou on 28 June 2017. Apart from this, France has been a major supplier of components and equipment for the Indian space programme.
Civil nuclear cooperation
After India conducted a nuclear test in 1998, France was the major nuclear power which supported India. France also worked with the US to integrate India into global nuclear order through India specific waiver in Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG). After India got the NSG waiver, France was the first country to enter into a civil nuclear agreement with India. During the visit of the then French President Nicolas Sarkozy to India in December 2010, both the countries signed the General Framework Agreement and the Early Works Agreement between NPCIL and AREVA for the implementation of the Jaitapur Nuclear Power Project (JNPP).


Our mind is very powerful machine. It can process information beyond our imagination. Can our mind be tricked? Yes, Optical Illusion is one way where our mind gets tricked and it will make us see the things which either does not exist or the things which are different from reality. Here are very nice and interesting collection of optical illusions. Lets see how many of these Optical Illusions are able to trick your mind?
It's a simple one. How many pencils are there? There are clearly seven… what, wait! Six? No.. So how many?
Can you count the number of Pencils?
How many colors do you see? Most people see four colors: green, blue and 2 shades of pink.
How many colors are there in this optical illusion?
These two birds are identical, not only in size but in color too. Can you believe it!!!
Can you see the color of birds is exactly same in this optical illusion?
Which of these two dots is in the true center of the circle?
Which Dot is center of the Circle? Green or Red?
Answer to above Optical Illusion is Green is center. Do you believe it? If not, try to find it out and you will be surprised!!!
Can you tell which of these lines is longer? Test them with a ruler or a piece of paper -- you may be surprised.
Which line is bigger in this optical Illusion?
1. Nice and Simple Optical Illusions: It contains very nice yet simple optical illusions which will make you look again and again at the given pictures.
2. Brain Twisting Optical Illusion of Spinning Cat: This is one of best optical illusion, I have ever seen. This is a moving optical illusion. In this optical illusion, a cat is spinning. Your mind will be tricked to see this cat moving in clockwise or anti-clockwise at different point of time.
3. 3 Dimensional Paintings on Wall: Checkout 3 D painting which are in fact done on the wall with 2D graphics. However if we view these paintings from a specific angle then these paintings will look like 3 dimensional.
4. Picture Puzzles of Rotating Gears with Answers: After looking at all these Optical Illusions, now its time to solve some visual puzzles in which your challenge is to tell the direction of a particular gear when another connecting gear is moved in a specific direction.


Because I train, I see my future without pain.
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Stage 2 will empower you towards becoming stronger, more agile with the strength to achieve goals you were aiming towards.
Stage 3 will energise you further to maintain the goals you have achieved – you will feel stronger.
In our 3-Stage Training program – we guide you through the essential journey of basics and getting to know your body and its limits through conditioning, strengthening the weak muscles and posture correction. Stage 1 is where we eliminate pain. Next, we proceed with Stage 2, where we train you with the right exercises to improve your coordination and agility. Clients who have gone through this with us have increasingly burnt body fats and improved stamina, steadily. Stage 3 is where we teach and guide you to maintain what you have now achieved – through a detailed plan and weekly guidance as more than just your personal trainers, but a group of friends to see you through a lifetime of health.
While exercise is only a part of fitness, nutrition and lifestyle play an essential role too. Without the proper form or guidance, one will not achieve the goals desired. Having Personal Trainer that is trained and certified, like E's Experts, to guide you, will ensure that you are exercising safely and efficiently. While exercise in itself is only a part of fitness, nutrition and lifestyle play an essential role too. However, if you don't get the proper form or guidance right, then you will never achieve your goals.
One of the primary reasons that someone should have a Personal Trainer is that personal trainers like E's Experts, are trained and certified in teaching others how to exercise safely. While exercise in itself is only a part of fitness, nutrition and lifestyle play an essential role too. However, if you don't get the proper form or guidance right, then you will never achieve your goals.
1. If you don't know which exercises are most effective for the goals you have, you are unlikely to achieve those goals. For example, if your goal is to build core strength but you spend all your time on cardio exercises, then you are unlikely to hit your goal.
2. Education when performing exercises is essential in reducing the risk of injury. Many people every year, are seriously injured by performing exercises they have not received training for, and this can impact their health and fitness over a period of time.
3. Having someone trained in how to execute certain tasks will greatly reduce the level of risk and increase the effectiveness of your fitness routine.
In our 3-Stage Training program – we guide you through the essential journey of basics and getting to know your body and its limits through conditioning, strengthening the weak muscles and posture correction (Stage 1). Stage 1 is where we eliminate pain. Next, we proceed with Stage 2, where we train you with the right exercises to improve your coordination and agility. Clients who have gone through this with us have increasingly burnt body fats and improved stamina, steadily. Stage 3 is where we teach and guide you to maintain what you have now achieved – through a detailed plan and weekly guidance as more than just your personal trainers, but a group of friends to see you through a lifetime of health.
For example, if you have an old knee injury that required surgery, but since then you haven't done anything to rebuild the muscles or improve mobility, then you are going to need different exercises and goals than an athlete who is training to run a marathon. This is where E's Experts can make a huge difference to your training program.


text:
import cell_tests
import schedule_tests

import unittest

def suite():
  loader = unittest.TestLoader()
  suite = unittest.TestSuite()
  suite.addTest(cell_tests.suite())
  suite.addTest(schedule_tests.suite())
  return suite

if __name__ == '__main__':
  unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run(suite())

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
import logging
import geojson as gj
import uuid

import emission.core.wrapper.cleanedtrip as ecwct
import emission.core.wrapper.entry as ecwe
import emission.core.wrapper.cleanedplace as ecwcp
import emission.core.get_database as edb

import emission.analysis.modelling.tour_model.cluster_pipeline as cp
import emission.storage.timeseries.abstract_timeseries as esta

def _createTripEntry(self, start_ts, end_ts, start_loc, end_loc):
    t = ecwct.Cleanedtrip()
    sp = ecwcp.Cleanedplace()
    ep = ecwcp.Cleanedplace()

    t.start_ts = start_ts
    t.end_ts = end_ts

    if start_loc is not None:
        t.start_loc = gj.Point(start_loc)
        sp.location = t.start_loc

    if end_loc is not None:
        t.end_loc = gj.Point(end_loc)
        ep.location = t.end_loc

    sp.exit_ts = start_ts
    ep.enter_ts = end_ts

    spe = ecwe.Entry.create_entry(self.testUUID, "analysis/cleaned_place", sp, create_id=True)
    epe = ecwe.Entry.create_entry(self.testUUID, "analysis/cleaned_place", ep, create_id=True)
    t.start_place = spe.get_id()
    t.end_place = epe.get_id()
    te = ecwe.Entry.create_entry(self.testUUID, "analysis/cleaned_trip", t, create_id=True)
    self.ts.insert(spe)
    self.ts.insert(epe)
    self.ts.insert(te)
    return te

def _setup(self):
    self.data = cp.read_data()
    #if len(self.data) == 0:
    #    tg.create_fake_trips()
    #    self.data = cp.read_data(size=100)
    print 'there are ' + str(len(self.data))
    self.testUUID = uuid.uuid4()
    self.ts = esta.TimeSeries.get_time_series(self.testUUID)

def _tearDown(self):
    edb.get_timeseries_db().remove({'user_id': self.testUUID})
    edb.get_analysis_timeseries_db().remove({'user_id': self.testUUID})


text:
Q: Setup iPhone app login to PHP web application backend I'm not an iPhone developer but I'm starting on a project that is based on a PHP back-end server supplying data to iPhone useragents and I'm wondering where to start with sessions/security.
With browsers, I can simply pass a cookie (containing a session id) on login.
However, I'm wondering if the iPhone is different. Do iPhone apps have access to storage space for something like a cookie/token? Are their anythings that I need to watch out for that make the iPhone app user agents special?

A: My app is the same pair of platforms. I don't mess with PHP sessions or cookies. I log in with plain old POST'ed username and password fields over SSH, and return a session token (a hash based on their username). In the app, I stash that in NSUserDefaults. I then require that token back, on every call to a function in the PHP that requires user identity or authorization. And again, I just pass it as a plain old form field.
BTW, I'm a big proponent of the ASIHTTPRequest library for web client functions. I'm not associated with the author, I'm just a newish iPhone developer whose life that library made vastly easier.

A: Things using NSURLRequest use NSHTTPCookieStorage by default. Of course, cookies aren't shared between apps.
You can additionally store things with NSUserDefaults or using the keychain (SecKeychain* functions); the keychain APIs are a bit cumbersome but there are examples out there. I'd prefer using the keychain for anything particularly sensitive; most files are stored unencrypted and most people don't enable encrypted backups (I'm not sure whether using the keychain with no passcode is secure either, but hey...)
You might also want to worry about how long the token is saved for (typing on an iPhone is a pain and browsers don't save passwords by default) and how easily it can be revoked.

A: The Safari browser on the iPhone is very similar to Safari on a desktop mac or PC. It supports cookies, sessions, javascript. So no, in regards to a login you don't have to do anything special.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Humongous car bomb completely caught on video in Iraq
15 Nov, 2015 by	Rachel Alexander
It's not often that a terrorist attack is caught on video from start to finish, but someone managed to record an entire car bomb explosion on their cell phone that took place in Iraq. The eeriest part is the massive shockwave prior to the main explosion, which fans out probably hundreds of feet into the air.
The Daily Mail reports,
It said that the bomb went off in the north of Samarra, which lies about 80 miles to the north-west of Baghdad.
It's not clear if there were any deaths or injuries from the explosion.
The footage emerged as Isis claimed responsibility for a suicide blast and a roadside bombing on Friday that targeted Shiites in Baghdad, killing a total of 26 people and wounding dozens.
The attacks came as Iraqi Kurdish militias, backed by U.S. airstrikes, seized the town of Sinjar from Isis in a major blow to the extremists. Following its blitz last year, Isis – which splintered off from Iraq's al-Qaida branch – now holds about a third of Iraq and neighbouring Syria in its self-declared caliphate.
In a statement distributed on pro-Isis Twitter accounts, the Sunni militant group said the aim of Friday's attacks was "revenge for our monotheist brothers in al-Fallujah, al-Anbar, and Salahaldin," referring to ongoing Iraqi military operations to retrieve land lost to the IS in those locations.
Kudos to the brave Iraqis who are pushing back against ISIS. It is unfathomable why they would murder others of the same faith in the name of their faith.
Rachel Alexander is the editor of Intellectual Conservative. She is a senior editor at The Stream, and is a regular contributor to Townhall, the Selous Foundation for Public Policy Research, and The Christian Post, and provides weekend news items for Right Wing News. She frequently appears on TV and news radio as a conservative commentator. She is a recovering attorney and former gun magazine editor. She previously served as a former Assistant Attorney General for the State of Arizona, corporate attorney for Go Daddy Software, and Special Assistant/Deputy County Attorney for the Maricopa County Attorney's Office. As co-president of the UW Political Science Honor Society, she obtained degrees in Political Science and History from the University of Washington, followed by a law degree from Boston College and the University of Arizona. She was ranked by Right Wing News as one of the 50 Best Conservative Columnists from 2011-2017.
More articles by Rachel Alexander


Father of one of gunmen who attacked Kabul Intercontinental Hotel over a week ago has said that his son trained in Pakistan.
AVA- In a video released by Afghanistan's intelligence agency, Abdul Qahar, a resident of Kandahar province, said that his son went missing for one year and half before he received call from his son who said that he was studying in a madrassa on the mountains of Chaman in Pakistan's Baluchistan province.
He said that he repeatedly urged his son to return home, but failed.
He went on saying that Taliban invited him to Chaman where militants showed him his son's images, videos and belongings. He said that he refused to take them back home, except for his son's dress saying he would deliver it to his mother.


Could we block other PRs before we get this in symengine/symengine#882 ?
It's a huge PR and reviewing it again is a problem.
We can merge other PRs that ready now and in the pipeline and do merge with master atmost 1. That should work too.


Canon Philippines held a launching event last week to officially mark the local debut of its current flagship dSLR camera, the Canon EOS-1D X Mark II.
The 1D X Mark II hails from a long line of professional-grade full-frame dSLR camera and is the successor of the 1D X which was launched back in 2012. It inherits the robust frame and design of its precursor, making it difficult to differentiate the two cameras at a distance.
However, as similar looking as these two full-frame cameras are on the outside, the EOS-1D X Mark II is on a league of its own thanks to the improvements that Canon has done on the inner workings of its new flagship camera.
The Canon EOS-1D X Mark II is outfitted with a new 20.2-megapixel sensor and a DIGIC 6+ image sensor. Canon's new full-frame camera has a 61-point autofocus system with 41 cross-type and 5 dual cross-type AF points, and is capable of 14fps rapid fire with full AF and AE across all frames and can shoot up to 170 RAW images at full resolution.
Canon has also enhanced the video recording capabilities of the 1D X Mark II. It can shoot 4K videos (4096 x 2160) with a frame rate of up to 60 fps and 1080p clips with up to 120fps. The addition of a touchscreen display and Dual Pixel CMOS autofocus ensures that the focus is snappy and spot on and that users will have more control over the focus when shooting videos with the new full-frame camera.
The Canon EOS-1D X Mark II is now available locally and will set you back Php279,998 for the body-only package.


Stephen King, that master of horror, is as terrifying as he is prolific and successful. His books have sold more than 350 million copies — not to mention numerous film and television adaptations.
He's also the author of short stories, nonfiction, novellas, screenplays, essays, poems, comics and countless scribbles on napkins in diners across Maine. His website even requires a library so fans can properly search through his massive database of creation. That's a lot of nightmares.
In response to that self-doubt, King advised, "Write with the door closed, rewrite with the door open." Entrepreneurs can heed this advice too: Keep the naysayers at bay during that pivotal creation time, while giving the startup an identity and a purpose, making it a reality. There's no need to pay attention to critics in the mind's eye. Craft the business that is truest to the vision first.
Then, after it's created, the entrepreneur can let in those he or she trusts to gain an outside perspective (rather than exposing a business idea too early and having it gutted before it even has legs — or arms).
2. Don't fear change. Sometimes the original vision for the startup — how it works, whom it serves, the company's branding and messaging — is not immediately spot-on. In researching the marketplace, talk with investors, study the target audience and investigate the competition. It's possible to discover something that knocks the original idea askance. What would King do? Follow that plot twist.


On the spectrum of what Paul Graham would call makers versus managers, I'm as far to the maker's side as one can be. I've always had a penchant for creating things. Managing, by contrast, has never felt natural to me. So, when it comes to managing a project, I do things a little out of the norm—with what I'll call a maker's approach.
Over the past six months, I've overseen two very different kinds of development projects for our products, DoneDone and Kin. Between August and December, I oversaw the development of our iOS mobile app. Then, for seven weeks from early January to late February, I oversaw the development of Kin's eSignature feature.
DoneDone Mobile, now available on iOS devices, lets you create, view, and respond to issues.
Both are now out in the wild. You can download DoneDone Mobile from the AppStore to your iOS device, and you can create Kin eSignature documents with any Kin account.
Kin's eSignature feature lets HR managers create and share signable documents within Kin.
In both projects, we worked with just a few veteran developers and without a whole lot of upfront planning. We dug into the build as early as possible. While this might seem hairy to some, it's a kind of environment that can work with a maker's mindset. Here are a few approaches I take as a maker in a manager's role in these situations.
I'm an advocate of keeping the beginning of a development cycle as free of constraints as possible. Given there isn't anything tangible to chew on yet, I don't like to prescribe the order in which development should flow right from the beginning.
For DoneDone Mobile, did I care what the team worked on first? Did it matter if I could test out the behavior of issue lists before I could create an issue? Did it make a difference if the activity feed was built out before the search filter for the activity screen? Nope, nope and nope.
We also had a unique challenge while developing the mobile app. The entire development team (Grant, Jeremy, and Chris) was simultaneously ramping up to Xamarin — the .Net framework for building mobile apps we used for DoneDone. Grant had already completed his training and certification; but applying any learned knowledge to a real project is always a mental leap-of-faith.
So, for the first two weeks of development, after I had carved out a one-page feature set to work from, I gave Grant a singular initiative: Start anywhere. Pick a place to start implementing and go. The only goal in this early phase of development is to make progress. At the same time, our designer Mike took those two weeks to build out designs against the feature set I prepared for the team. His initiative? Start anywhere as well.
Toward the end of those two weeks, Grant had completed some of the underlying plumbing and rudimentary views and Mike wrapped up the design for those views. Jeremy then came in to focus on the details of the UI. Again, I didn't care about the order. Jeremy bounced between building some of the overall UI structure and polishing the views that Grant had hooked up earlier.
Good things usually happen when a development team has some time to create without constraints.
I liken this phase of development to a jam session. Cerebral freedom eliminates any friction that a strict early development roadmap introduces. Pieces of the art come together in surprising ways. In the end work still gets done—and usually at a faster pace than if we had prescribed a roadmap to begin with.
By keeping the objectives open, people get to work on the pieces that are most interesting to them at the moment. They get to move around the app at-will, when it makes sense to them naturally. They get to find out what the initially-unforeseen obstacles are and what to do about them. Most importantly, I think this approach helps developers build momentum.
Now, at a certain point, the boundlessness of a jam session becomes more of a hindrance than a help. Enough of the initial hustle has turned into the actual product. It's at this point that it makes sense to flush out the roadmap to the remaining work ahead.
There's no precise science behind when this happens. It's a feeling in the room. But, ideally, the jam session should take no more than 20% of the overall time you have to build. That leaves 80% of the schedule left to flush out how to tactically approach what's left — with the immense benefit of momentum and the understanding of what the team's learned during the jam session.
Traditionally, formal quality assurance testing begins toward the end of the development process. It's parked somewhere between development completion just before release. However, I far prefer beginning QA as early as possible during development. In the case of DoneDone Mobile, it was shortly after the jam session was complete.
It works best to start QA with broad stroke testing. Over time, you gradually get into the devilish details. The QA process we went through in both of these projects was like traveling down a spiral.
At the beginning, I focused on big picture functional issues ("I can't create an issue" or "I'm not getting an email notification when I'm assigned a document"). Even though there are obvious UI improvements, as a tester, I tend to leave those out of my initial rounds of testing — they're just not as critical to the feature at the moment. It's also not where a developer's focus may be at. As iterations improve, the issues get more granular ("The spacing between selectors on the issue search screen isn't consistent"). Eventually, we spiral downward to the actual feature we want.
Because QA and development focus on roughly the same level of scope at the same time (big things in the beginning gradually spiraling toward finer details later on), spiraling QA also allows for a lot of iteration. I find this takes some of the time and pressure away from figuring out too much of the feature at the beginning — particularly all the little details. In other words, we exchange some scoping time at the beginning of a traditional feature cycle in order to begin development (and spiraling QA) earlier. This gives us more time to iterate against something real versus something sketched. I think the end result is always better.
When I manage a project, I don't actively manage the thing 100% of the time— there simply isn't a need to do so at every given moment of a project's lifecycle. Doing so usually creates all the unnecessary extra time disruption for makers that Paul Graham has described. I don't like to schedule out daily or weekly check-ins weeks in advance. I think it's far more valuable to plan meetings a week at a time. Some weeks you need more, some weeks you need less. Let the work-at-hand dictate that.
First, I get full exposure to the code my team is working on. It helps me understand where the pain points might be. I can manage with more context of what's really going on.
Where I lend a hand will differ from project-to-project. For DoneDone Mobile, it made the most sense for me to come in late and help refactor some of the debt naturally introduced with a team who was learning a new framework. I've called this Starter/Reliever development in the past.
Sometimes, as a maker/manager, you help your team by coming in as a developer reliever.
By contrast, for Kin's eSignature feature, I supported the development team at the very beginning. While Jeremy and Waylon were busy building the infrastructure within Kin to support eSignatures, I spent the first week of our development cycle investigating the best third-party integration for document uploading and signing. For the record, we ended up integrating with HelloSign and are ecstatic with the results.
By week's end, I had built proof-of-concepts in C# to create, embed, and share documents that I handed off to the team. In a sense, I played the role of a pinch hitter — working on a silo'd one-off task that the "starters" later incorporated into the actual build.
The methods I use to manage a project aren't textbook. The lucidity of each method requires a whole lot of faith and trust between your teammates. If I've only worked with members of my development team for a few months, I'd be a little weary of how, say, a jam session might run. But, I have the luxury of teammates I've worked with for over five years.
With the longevity of a development team, trust becomes the largest weight of confidence for me. And, the results surely prove it.


text:
Aquarium, inspired by whirlpools, and a museum, built in the ground, reached the final Architizer A + Awards.
Society became known finalists Architizer A + Awards 2015 — the popular international architectural competition. They were the aquarium, inspired swirls, and a steady museum, built right into the ground. 300 members of the jury, related to the architectural industry, selected each element on the basis of form, function and quality of innovation. 90 nominations cover the whole range of buildings — from the multi-storey car parks to religious constructions, and even public parks. But this year a particular attention should be paid, of course, such a category as a museum. In our collection — the five most well-designed museums 2015.
1. Aquarium «Blue Planet» architectural firm 3HN (Kastrap, Denmark)
The creator of this tank was inspired by the shape of the whirlpool (funnel).
In its entirety conceived image of the water vortex in the form of the building can be considered a bird's-eye view. But by the Bay building produces an extraordinary impression with their smooth lines, reminiscent of ocean waves. Despite the complexity of the task, the construction lasted only 2.5 years.


text:
Home Hulu Pam & Tommy Where Is Unrecognizable Pamela Anderson Now?
Where Is Unrecognizable Pamela Anderson Now?
Where is unrecognizable Pamela Anderson Now 2022? Let's find her out. The Baywatch star looked practically unrecognisable when she walked the red carpet at the Cannes Film Festival 2017 in a navy blue ruched dress with a puffed collar and sleeves.
She kept her accessories to a minimal, opting for bold de Grisogono earrings and bangles. Her signature blonde tresses were brushed back in a neat style. Anderson returned to her homeland of Vancouver Island, Canada, in 2020.
In January 2021, she also announced her intention to leave social media, writing on Instagram, "This will be my last post on Instagram, Twitter, or Facebook." Social media has never piqued my curiosity. And now that I've adjusted into my new life, reading and being in nature have actually inspired me. "I am no longer bound."
On March 3, 2022, Anderson abruptly returned to social media to announce that she will be publishing a documentary 'Pam & Tommy' in collaboration with Netflix.
Must Read: Pam & Tommy Season 2 Release Date
'Pam & Tommy' follows Pamela Anderson and Tommy Lee, a rock drummer, as they fall deeply in love and marry just hours after meeting. However, their lives are soon turned upside down when an intimate personal video is stolen and goes viral.
The events take place at a critical juncture for Pamela, who is at the pinnacle of her career thanks to her appearance in 'Baywatch' and becomes pregnant soon after marrying Tommy. What has Pamela Anderson been doing to since the theft tape was stolen? The show investigates the explosive events surrounding the stolen tape, but what has she been up to since then? Let's have a look.
After the Sex Tape scandal, what happened to Pamela Anderson?
Pamela Anderson and Tommy Lee met on New Year's Eve in 1994 and married 96 hours later, according to reports. Pamela's life remained busy even after the stolen tape went viral and garnered celebrity in 1995. Brandon, her first child, was born in 1996, and Dylan was born in 1997.
Unfortunately, in 1998, the couple divorced. Years later, the actress stated that not being able to stop the tape from spreading brought a lot of stress and aggravation to her and her husband's relationship.
Pamela apparently began dating and finally married Marcus Schenkenberg in 2000, however the couple split up the following year. She got engaged to singer Kid Rock in 2002, but it didn't seem to work out, and the couple split up in 2003.
They got back together three years later and even married this time, but the marriage was short-lived, as Pamela and Kid Rock divorced in 2007. The actress married film producer Rick Solomon in October of that year, but the marriage lasted less than a year.
According to rumours, Pamela and Lee tried to rekindle their relationship in 2008, but it didn't work out, and they split up for good. Pamela announced her remarriage to Solomon in January 2014; however the couple separated again in 2015.
Pamela Anderson during the Gut Aiderbichl Christmas Market opening in 2019 in Henndorf am Wallersee, Austria. Photo: Getty Images
After seeming to marry Hollywood producer Jon Peters in January 2020, the actress revealed a few days later that the couple had never been officially married because their marriage licence had never been made official. Pamela's native village on Vancouver Island, Canada, hosted another wedding ceremony towards the end of the year, this time for her bodyguard Dan Hayhurst.
Aside from her extensive romantic life, the actress and activist have been active in various professional and social endeavours. Pamela, after 'Baywatch' starred in the action-comedy series 'V.I.P.' from 1998 to 2002.
She also had roles in a number of other written programmes, films, and reality shows. Pamela appears to have started publishing her work in 1997, with 'Pandemonium' (co-written with Todd Gold), followed by 'Star Struck' in 2005, and 'Raw' (co-written with Emma Dunlavey) in 2015; all of these works are autobiographical. In addition, 'My New School' series, 'Star: A Novel,' and 'Lust for Love' are three novels written by the actress and model.
She launched The Pamela Anderson Foundation in 2014, which strives to defend human, animal, and environmental rights, in addition to her involvement with animal rights organisation PETA.
The actor and author have become associated with and supported a number of causes and organisations over the years, including the International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW), The Sea Shepherd Conservation Society, and The National Domestic Violence Hotline.
'The Best Award', Paris, France – 27 Jan 2017
What happened to Pamela Anderson and Where Is Unrecognizable Pam Now?
Pamela Anderson returned to her native Canada in 2019 to reside on her family's farm in the countryside of Ladysmith, on Vancouver Island. She was born and reared in Ladysmith, South Africa, before coming to Los Angeles to pursue her modelling career after appearing on the cover of Playboy magazine in October 1989. Pamela got married to Dan Hayhurst in a small Christmas Eve ceremony at her Ladysmith home in December 2020.
The 'Baywatch' star continues her activism in her hometown, where she supports RASTA (Rescue And Sanctuary for Threatened Animals), a local farm and animal sanctuary where she and Dan reportedly dedicated their time and effort to help build a barn for injured animals. Pamela and Dan split up in January 2022, according to many accounts, after being married for a little over a year. According to sources, Pamela is currently residing in Malibu, California, where she is spending quality time with her sons.
Must Read: What Are The Marks on Pamela's Anderson Arms?
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