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Villino Durante è un edificio rappresentativo dello stile umbertino a Roma, che sorge nel quartiere di Villa Patrizi, progettato e costruito dall'architetto Giulio Podesti, per il cofondatore del Policlinico Umberto I, Francesco Durante.

La vita a Villa Durante, tra politica e medicina
È sempre stato fortissimo il legame tra uomo di scienza e uomo di potere in Francesco Durante, ed è proprio grazie alle sue qualità scientifiche che entra in contatto con pazienti prestigiosi, quali Vittorio Emanuele II e Umberto I. Nel 1889 Francesco Crispi gli offre la carica di senatore a vita e Durante accetta. Questa data è molto importante per la storia di Villa Durante, poiché, nel Marzo o Aprile del 1889, la Giunta di Roma concede la licenza per costruire un villino che sorgerà proprio sull'estremità di Villa Patrizi, a poche centinaia di metri dal complesso del Policlinico Umberto I. La direzione dei lavori del villino sarà affidata a Giulio Podesti, lo stesso architetto che dirigerà la costruzione del Policlinico. La scelta del luogo, per Durante, non è legata solo alla vicinanza con il suo futuro luogo di attività professionale, ma vi è anche un'ulteriore ragione, ovvero, quella per cui debbano esistere delle vaste zone della capitale, fuori le mura, che ospitino quella classe politica laboriosa che spesso ha i suoi natali non nella pigra Città eterna, ma in Piemonte, in Toscana, in Sicilia. Nel giro di un anno, numerosi politici, magistrati e amministratori vengono a vivere a Roma, e ciò spinge alla costruzione di abitazioni e ville signorili per ospitare questa nuova classe dirigente. Da Letojanni salgono le maestranze impegnate nella costruzione del suo villino, così come il pregiato marmo di Taormina, che viene usato per impreziosire le colonne e la scalinata della sua casa romana.
A Roma, Durante, trova l'amore e si sposa con Amalia Cocchi, nel 1876, che lo abbandonerà nel dicembre 1900 a causa di una malattia. Quei ventiquattro anni nel "Villino a destra di Porta Pia" saranno i più belli e i più intensi per la famiglia Durante. L'unica foto di Amalia Cocchi a Villa Durante è in cima allo scalone al primo piano, nel punto di massima luce della casa.

L'architettura

La facciata, di struttura neorinascimentale, è divisa in due ordini e presenta un pronao costituito da quattro colonne doriche in marmo di Taormina, che sorreggono un balcone al piano superiore.
Ai lati del pronao vi sono due nicchie che nel progetto originale avrebbero dovuto ospitare due statue, attualmente assenti.
Al piano superiore, sempre sulla facciata d'ingresso, vi sono tre finestre incorniciate da semicolonne corinzie, che ai lati si trasformano in paraste coronate da trabeazione.
L'edificio si conclude con un cornicione sul quale sono incisi versi latini,"Parto della penna geniale del prof. Occioni, tranne uno che è di Orazio e che io lascio indovinare al lettore"

L'interno rappresenta uno degli apici dell'architettura del Podesti. L'intero spazio è dominato da una scala monumentale tripartita che sale al piano superiore.
La qualità dei rivestimenti e dei materiali utilizzati internamente rendono bene il livello sociale del suo proprietario e dimostrano l'eleganza e la maestria dell'architetto.
Al centro dell'atrio si trova un mosaico bicromo pavimentale di ispirazione ellenistica, mentre sulla sua sommità l'''impluvium'' dell'atrio romano lascia il posto a un ampio lucernaio.
Sulla parete di fondo emergono due bassorilievi simboleggianti la Sicilia e Roma, rispettivamente la terra natale e adottiva del committente.

L'apparato pittorico riveste particolare importanza all'interno della Villa. Il committente, infatti, volle che contribuissero sia i siciliani Giuseppe Sciuti e Salvatore Frangiamore, sia i due romani Giuseppe Ferrari ed Enrico Coleman. I dipinti conservati all'interno sono eseguiti a tempera, tecnica che ne ha permesso un'ottima conservazione negli anni.
Nel 1891, il villino fu affidato ad Enrico Coleman con il compito di affrescare le ventinove lunette delle tre pareti del loggiato del primo piano con un tema caro al committente, la Campagna romana.
L'ambiente era probabilmente dedicato allo studio o alla biblioteca, come ricordano le lunette dedicate ciascuna a un'arte (musica, architettura, pittura, astronomia...).

Le decorazioni
I concetti e le idealità veicolate dalle immagini sono il filo conduttore di un programma unitario, che scavalca l'unità di stile, per affermare, a grandi linee, tratti della personalità di Francesco Durante; l'abitazione, infatti, offre le prove tangibili delle relazioni amichevoli con Giulio Podesti, Giuseppe Sciuti, Enrico Coleman
Quanto alle immagini e ai loro significati , erano corrispondenti alle preferenze, alle idee politiche, all'etica, al ruolo professionale, alla figura ufficiale e intima di Durante: affermavano la fiducia incondizionata nel progresso scientifico e il culto dell'Arte, la protezione degli affetti familiari. Durante ha voluto che nelle decorazioni fosse affermata clamorosamente la sicilianità, in modo ora dichiarato, ora implicito nella qualità delle immagini; la sicilianità veicolata dalle immagini ha significati diversi, estesi dalla sfera privata a quella pubblica.
La raffigurazione delle Arti, nella stanza subito a destra dell'ingresso, è la più osservante dei principi classici: tutto è chiaro, regolare, simmetrico, misurato. Le immagini dovevano essere il riverbero della sua figura pubblica , l'uomo di cultura, lo scienziato, il personaggio politico. L'unità della decorazione del soffitto la ottiene con l'espediente dell'illusionismo spaziale: un emiciclo all'aperto diviso nelle quattro aree occupate dalle Arti, che così risultano essere parte di una ideale rappresentazione continua e nello stesso tempo isolate.
Uno schema simmetrico, un po' monotono e didascalico, che riceve forza comunicativa dal colore.

Le destinazioni d'uso
Villa Durante fu una delle abitazioni di rappresentanza che furono costruite a Roma come manifestazione dell'importanza dello Stato: la rappresentanza poteva essere l'espressione di una carica politica oppure di un'istituzione politica. Ecco perché il villino finì accomunato alla stessa sorte di una fetta delle ville romane delle famiglie patrizie, cioè quella di essere trasformata da luogo privato a luogo pubblico. Nei primi anni Venti fu acquistata dal Governo della Confederazione svizzera per essere eletto a sede dell'ambasciata a Roma. Villa Durante, però, mal si adattò all'uso di un'ambasciata, infatti l'edificio ha una struttura tipica della casa privata, adatta per essere vissuta.
A cavallo degli anni tra la seconda guerra e il Dopoguerra, proprio la sua particolarità artistica la fa destinare ad essere sede dell'Accademia d'arte drammatica diretta da Silvio D'Amico. Nelle stanze di Villa Durante, si formano i migliori attori del nostro spettacolo degli anni sessanta; questa volta la struttura dell'ambiente probabilmente favorisce la formazione e l'insegnamento. Le ampie stanze si prestano bene a contenere aule e laboratori dove si può continuamente imitare un palcoscenico; il piano terra, dunque, era dedicato alla regia, mimo, scenografia, danza e le sale erano quelle più utilizzate per le prove.
Ma ben presto la sede di Villa Durante diventerà troppo sacrificata per le nuove esigenze; infatti il 1964 è l'ultimo anno in cui l'Accademia ha sede in Piazza della Croce Rossa.

Dal 1965 al 1982 è la sede romana dell'Impresa Castelli.

Negli anni '80 fu acquistato dall'EPPI (Ente Previdenziale Dei Periti Industriali) e ne divenne sede fino al 2016. Dal 2016 è sede della ambasciata degli Emirati Arabi Uniti.

Il restauro
Il lavoro di preparazione del progetto si è articolato in tre diverse direzioni. La prima, di tipo storico, ha mirato alla configurazione della villa, ma una volta appurato quali grandi figure della cultura romana della fine del XIX secolo erano coinvolte nella sua realizzazione, è stata finalizzata a ricostruire le loro vicende ed il ruolo da loro svolto nella storia italiana ed internazionale di quegli anni. La seconda, di tipo conoscitivo, ha eseguito un rilievo rigorosissimo anche degli elementi minuti delle decorazioni, per comprendere il quadro di insieme, i rapporti tra le parti, le alterazioni. La terza, di tipo ricognitivo, ha sondato, attraverso indagini stratigrafiche, se fossero rimaste tracce dei trattamenti e dei materiali originari e, una volta accertata la loro esistenza, ha verificato la loro conservazione e la loro entità.
Da una lettura dettagliata dell'intero progetto, possiamo cogliere alcune variazioni più o meno rilevanti rispetto a quanto oggi esistente: la più evidente è la scomparsa dell'edificio "scuderia e rimessa" che concludeva il giardino sul lato nord-est della villa. Ma dal confronto tra le piante e lo stato di fatto, sono emerse ulteriori variazioni nel distributivo della villa, tra cui spicca la scomparsa del salone posto sul fronte prospiciente il giardino. Con il passare del tempo, si è passati dall'analisi documentale a quella attraverso saggi e campionature per verificare la qualità e la consistenza dei materiali originari, il loro stato di conservazione e la possibilità di un loro recupero. Queste indagini conseguirono risultati entusiasmanti, confermando cosi la nobiltà della dimora del senatore Durante.

Note

Bibliografia
 Villa Durante, La vita e l'architettura di un edificio nella Roma tra Ottocento e Novecento, EDUP Roma 2011, pp.192

Ville di Roma


Dirty hands = clean money! Do work brother!
@jaaronr this ones for you buddy. Told you I had a big beaver.
35 degrees above? Time to warm up the tires on the Charger.
@lyamoon thanks! People wonder how I scored such a hottie lol.
4th day in a row it has been 35 to 45 below zero. Gotta love it!


text:
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Home The real reason 7,000 nurses in New York City have gone on strike
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The real reason 7,000 nurses in New York City have gone on strike
byWire WH
Nurses picket outside Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City on January 10, 2023, as a nursing strike that has disrupted patient care at two of the city's largest hospitals entered its second day. | Andres Kudacki/AP
The best way to prevent future health care work stoppages is to fix how we pay for health care.
More than 7,000 nurses in New York City are on strike after failing to agree on a new contract with the hospitals where they work, leading two hospital systems in the city to cancel elective surgeries, ask ambulances to divert patients to other hospitals, and bringing in traveling nurses to maintain operations.
The strike was very nearly a much bigger crisis: Nurses at eight other city hospitals reached a last-minute deal with their management. It is still perhaps the most high-profile example of the tension between hospital executives and their medical staff that has been magnified by the pandemic.
The past few years have made clear the degree to which American hospitals rely on nurses to handle a surge of patients in a public health crisis and the struggles of the same health system to appropriately value that nursing work. While the strike in NYC involves only four facilities, it's a symptom of a structural failure in US health care: Hospitals do not have a strong financial incentive to invest in their nursing staffs.
Strikes by nurses and medical staff have occurred frequently in recent years. Eight of the 25 major work stoppages involving 1,000 workers or more that the US Labor Department tracked in 2022 were initiated by health care workers, the highest share of any single profession. There have been dozens of smaller walkouts by nurses in the past few years.
Labor shortages have left nurses overworked and insisting on more help in contract negotiations. There are more than 700 positions currently open at the three Montefiore hospitals in the Bronx where nurses are striking, the New York Times reported. The nurses have said that management's current offers on compensation and, in particular, hiring more staff to relieve overburdened nurses are not sufficient.
Montefiore says it has offered to raise wages for existing workers and to hire about 150 new nursing positions. Mount Sinai, the other hospital where nurses are on strike, has 500 open positions, according to the Times. According to Hell Gate NYC, nurses at Montefiore have said they are responsible for as many as 35 different patients on their own on a given day.
The experts I've spoken with over the past few years generally agree that nurses are tremendously undervalued given the importance of their work in delivering quality health care. Research has found repeatedly that more nursing staff leads to patients reporting a better experience in the hospital and better health outcomes.
But the problem is, given the way health care in the US is typically paid for, hiring more nurses and making their work environment better doesn't necessarily make good economic sense for these hospitals.
"There is a lot said about 'greedy' health systems," Betty Rambur, professor of nursing at the University of Rhode Island, said. "But they are just responding to the financial incentives in the current reimbursement model."
The structural flaw in US health care behind the NYC nurses strike
Nurses point to exorbitant executive compensation (which soared nationwide during the pandemic) and multimillion-dollar real estate deals to explain their decision to strike. They have a point: Hospitals behaving on pure altruism would spend more on clinical staff without their nurses needing to go on strike to force their hand.
Andres Kudacki/AP
Nurses shout slogans during a rally outside Mount Sinai Hospital on January 10.
But these hospitals are also responding to the financial incentives established in the ways the United States pays for health care. Slashing executive pay (Montefiore's CEO makes $6 million a year) can only pay for so many new nursing positions. Canceling a $38 million land deal in White Plains would make more money available, but when revenue depends on the number of services that a hospital system provides, buying land and building new facilities does make fiscal sense. Those new outposts should be a permanent source of new revenue once they are built, staffed, and operational.
Therein lies the problem. Under the fee-for-service model that still dominates American health care, where every physician service can be billed by the hospital where they work, hospitals have every incentive to expand their services but little incentive to hire more nurses to support that work. From a hospital's accounting perspective, nurses are entirely a cost. They do not generate any revenue directly, even though they are necessary to providing quality medical care.
A physician can perform exams and surgeries, order tests, and prescribe medication — all services that can be billed individually. A nurse's work is essential to those services, as I reported last summer, but their labor is not accounted for directly. Instead, the cost of employing nurses is rolled up in the same "room charge" that covers the Jell-O a patient might receive in their room. No matter how many services a nurse performs and how vital they are to making sure patients have a good experience, they do not generate any additional revenue for their hospitals under the current fee-for-service system.
That means American hospitals have a strong financial motivation to keep their nursing staffs as trim as possible, which has contributed to the burnout and exhaustion nurses have reported over the past few years.
New York's state government attempted to address staffing issues with a 2021 law that established new committees at all hospitals, populated by both nurses and management, that would set acceptable staffing levels for their patient care units.
However, as New York Focus and City & State jointly reported earlier this year, the committee process has often been derailed by disagreements between the two sides. Management at various facilities has ignored the input of nurses and imposed their own nurse-to-patient ratios. Nurses have complained to state regulators but enforcement actions have not yet been taken by an understaffed state health department, and it is unclear if they ever will be, the news outlets reported.
And even that plan did not change the underlying economics of most hospitals' business models.
"What we forget is when hospitals put profits over patients, they are operating well within the system of economic carrots and sticks that we created for them, and within the system we created, hospitals are acting completely rationally as any other economic agent would," Olga Yakusheva, a health care economist at the University of Michigan, said. "There is no economic incentive, right now, for hospitals to invest in adequate nurse staffing, pay nurses well, or provide a good working environment for nurses."
Until the US gives hospitals good financial reasons to invest in their nursing staffs, these labor disputes are going to occur again and again. As much as we want our health system to be focused on quality health care, in America, health care is a business.
Good health care and profitable health care are not always the same thing. The failure to value nursing in the way we pay for medical services, which laid the groundwork for NYC's nurses strike, is a stark example of that.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
MiO Returns To TV To 'Fix' Boring Water
by Steve Ellwanger , July 28, 2020
Even though water consumption surpassed that of soda a few years back, people still don't drink enough H20 because it's boring.
That's the thinking of the folks at Kraft Heinz, whose MiO Liquid Water Enhancer has a new campaign titled "We Fix Water."
In a 30-second spot from VaynerMedia running broadly across cable television networks, a man crawls through a desert until he comes across a cooler. Upon opening it and looking inside, he says, "Water?" and then yells "WHY?"
Help comes in the form of a helicopter. A man inside drops a bottle of MiO to the desert straggler, who exclaims "I'm saved!" and then turns down a ride in the chopper. "No, I'm good. I'm gonna walk."
It's the first TV campaign for MiO—which contains no calories or sugar and comes in dozens of varieties—in about six years. The brand was introduced in 2011.
"We're really excited to come back in a big way on this brand," MiO head of marketing Andrew Deckert tells Marketing Daily.
"The idea is very simple. Everyone knows you should drink eight glasses of water [daily]. But the problem with water is it tastes like water. So we fix it."
The target audience is willennials, whom Deckert describes as "embarking on this transitional period in their life where a lot of them are becoming young parents. They're starting families and realizing their decisions affect their lives in important ways."
As a premium-priced brand, MiO has had lots of competitors—including store brands—since its inception. Its dollar share of the category is 45%, making it no. 1 in all outlets tracked by Nielsen in the most recent 52-week period.
In addition to running across all dayparts on cable TV, the spot appears on YouTube and Hulu, as well as Facebook, Instagram, Pinterest and Reddit. A second "We Fix Water" spot is on tap for 2021, according to Deckert.
beverages, cpg


Onto today... it's a good one!
In your family, who is the most difficult person to buy gifts for? Aside from the "person who has it all", I would have to guess a child between the ages of 10-14. Am I right? Yes, I'm right. You don't need you to tell me. I KNOW that tweens are HARD to please. They can be really picky - now that they have developed opinions and all. But when you do get it right with them... oh man, you are a HERO!
Imagine her delight when she learns that her and her Best-Friends-Forever will be getting together on the Friday night of their choosing to have their very own just-for-fun photo shoot. Each participant will get their own framed photo to remember the day and the hostess will also get a brag book with all the photos from the session.
This is more than just a party. You are gifting these kids the opportunity to have a fun night - and not need social media to remember it!
Side effects may include... a giant hug and "thank you!" being screamed into your ear.
Learn more about my tween program -- #MKEkids -- and schedule your hard-to-buy's BFF session - or even a birthday party!


Our Community Health Centers (CHC) depend on federal funding that will be cut by 70% if Congress does not pass legislation by the end of this month. If the legislation is not passed, the CHC will lose $1M in funding starting in March. This is roughly 1/7 of our budget and would result in our losing the ability to care for 1,500 patients (see the infographic below).
Use this toll-free Advocacy Hotline 1-866-456-3949 to call your Members of Congress and deliver the request: act immediately to fix the cliff.
Last, after you have emailed and called, we ask that you post a message on social media directed to your Member of Congress to let them know how the cliff will affect your health center and the patients you serve. In order to move Congress to act this month, we need to produce tens of thousands of messages. Help us give a voice for our Health Centers and the patients we serve!


text:
A Considerable Fortune: The Wealth, and Death, of Sheikh Jāsim bin Muḥammad Āl Thānī
Daniel A. Lowe
Gulf History and Arabic Language Specialist, British Library
At the time of Sheikh Jāsim bin Muḥammad Āl Thānī's death in 1913, his great wealth was revealed to the British in intelligence reports sent by Yūsuf bin Aḥmad Kanoo.
On 12 July 1913, Major Arthur Prescott Trevor, the British Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. at Bahrain, received an urgent report from Yūsuf bin Aḥmad Kanoo, Bahraini merchant and part-time munshi A secretary or political assistant working in the British administration in the Gulf, often also providing linguistic interpretation. at the British Agency An office of the British Government and, earlier, of the East India Company. , that Sheikh Jāsim bin Muḥammad Āl Thānī was very ill.
'It looks rather serious'
In a letter, Jāsim's son, 'Abdullah, wrote that one of his father's legs and all of one side of his body were swollen. The British Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. speculated that the elderly Sheikh may have suffered a stroke and commented that, whatever the case, 'it looks rather serious for a man of Sheikh Jāsim's age'.
Letter from the Political Agent at Bahrain to the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf at Bushire regarding the state of Sheikh Jāsim bin Muḥammad Āl Thānī's health, dated 13 July 1913. IOR/R/15/2/26, f 147
Trevor received a further report from Kanoo informing him that the Sheikh's condition had improved somewhat after having been branded – i.e. cauterisation, or al-kayy, a traditional Islamic medical treatment once popular in the Gulf.
Trevor wrote letters to Sheikh Jāsim and 'Abdullah, enquiring after the Sheikh's health and wishing him a speedy recovery; however, they were sent too late. The Sheikh had passed away five days previously, at 4 pm on Thursday 17 July 1913 after the swelling had spread to his chest. He was buried at Lusayl, on the coast between modern-day Doha and al-Khor.
In a letter to Trevor dated 19 Sha'bān (24 July 1913), Sheikh 'Abdullah, who succeeded his father as ruler, thanked the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. for his letters and announced his father's death: 'God Almighty decreed and it happened that on the night of Friday [Thursday night] he passed into the blessings of creator. May God take pity on him and pardon him'.
Letter in Arabic from Sheikh 'Abdullah bin Jāsim Āl Thānī informing the Political Agent at Bahrain of his father's death, dated 19 Sha'bān 1331 [24 July 1913]. IOR/R/15/2/26, f 155
A 'Considerable Fortune'
In a letter written in the days following Jāsim's death, Trevor remarked to Sir Percy Cox, the British Resident in the Persian Gulf Historically used by the British to refer to the sea area between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Often referred to as The Gulf or the Arabian Gulf. at Bushire, 'It is reported that Sheikh Jāsim has left a considerable fortune which he has distributed in legacies to relatives and servants and slaves'. A further intelligence report sent by Kanoo to Trevor provides a vivid picture of the wealth that the Sheikh left behind.
According to Kanoo's report, the estate of Sheikh Jāsim amounted to 70,000 rupees, 20,000 dollars and 6000 Turkish liras. As the head of a prominent pearl merchant family, his wealth in pearls was said to be 600,000 rupees; in addition, loans were owed to him in the region of 150,000 rupees. He also owned slaves who were valued at 100,000 rupees, as well as camels and horses said to be worth 200,000 rupees. Although these amounts are difficult to convert into today's values, they do indicate that at the time of his death Shaikh Jāsim has accrued a considerable fortune.
Letter from the Political Agent at Bahrain informing the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf of the death of Sheikh Jāsim bin Muḥammad Āl Thānī, dated 26 July 1913. IOR/R/15/2/26, f 151
Distribution of the Sheikh's Wealth
Kanoo notes that his estate was 'divided into three portions'. Two of these were 'to go to all his sons and daughters equally, and the third portion after paying again Rs. 10,000/- [rupees] to each of his sons from it, will remain in the hands of Sheikh Abdullah', his son and successor, 'for distributing to poor people'. Upon his death, Sheikh Jāsim also had three young children who were to inherit 40,000 rupees 'over and above their shares of the two portions of the estate'.
Members of Sheikh Jāsim's extended family also received sums of money, including his brother, Sheikh Jabur bin Muḥammad Āl Thānī, who received 25,000 rupees, his sister's son, who received 5000 rupees and an unnamed female relative who received 2000 rupees.
Outside his family, Sheikh Jāsim bequeathed 5000 rupees to his servant, and 700 rupees each to four of his slaves. In addition to his household, amounts of money were given as charitable donations to various Wahhabi religious personalities and the poor of the Najd.
Intelligence gathering at this time was not an exact science and without further documentary evidence it is difficult to know how accurate these details are. However, Yūsuf bin Aḥmad Kanoo's intelligence reports shed some light on the circumstances of Sheikh Jāsim bin Muḥammad Āl Thānī's death and are an indicator as to the extent of his wealth and status when he died.
Moreover, the gathering of this kind of intelligence by the British and their native informants was of great political importance to the functioning of the Empire. Knowledge was power and Britain's colonial administrators required to know everything they could about the wealth and status of members of the ruling families that they supported. Given the decline and ultimate withdrawal of the Ottoman Empire in the Persian Gulf Historically used by the British to refer to the sea area between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Often referred to as The Gulf or the Arabian Gulf. , Sheikh Jāsim's death was particularly significant for the British since his son and successor, Sheikh 'Abdullah, would ultimately sign the Anglo-Qatari Treaty three years later on 3 November 1916.
London, British Library, 'File No. E/3. QATAR - Shaikhs Jasim & Ahmad al Thani & death of Shaikh Jasim in 1913' IOR/R/15/2/26
London, British Library, 'File No: E.7. Qatar & Anglo-Turkish Convention of 1913' IOR/R/15/2/30
Qatar Wahabi (Tribe)
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Archive items from this article
'File No. E/3. QATAR - Shaikhs Jasim & Ahmad al Thani & death of Shaikh Jasim in 1913'
'File No: E.7. Qatar & Anglo-Turkish Convention of 1913'
http://www.qdl.qa/en/considerable-fortune-wealth-and-death-sheikh-j%C4%81sim-bin-mu%E1%B8%A5ammad-%C4%81l-th%C4%81n%C4%AB


U.S. bank regulators have said new changes will be proposed by the end of this month, August 2013. The changes to the Qualified Residential Mortgage rule of 2011 will require lenders to keep a portion of the risk in high risk mortgages that are securitized.
The current version requires banks to keep a stake in loans where a borrower is spending more than 36% of their income on their total debt, especially loans where less than a 20% down payment was made. This is what is believed to be holding borrowers back from getting a mortgage.
This does not include Fannie and Freddie Mortgages.
Under the new plan, banks will be required to maintain a portion of the risk when borrowers are spending more than 43% of their monthly income on their total debt, according to Bloomberg News.
These changes are believed to unify the "Qualified Residential Mortgage" and the "Qualified Mortgage," which was set in place by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, CFPB, to protect lenders and coincidentally uses the 43% model as well.
Now, borrowers can still get a mortgage even when exceeding 43% of their income, naturally the cost of the loan will be higher and the bank will have to keep a portion of that risk on their books. However, for the borrower spending less than 43% of their income on debt, they will now be able to acquire a loan much easier, while banks can give more loans.


ISLAMABAD – The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) has put forward new set of demands before Pakistan government for strict compliance.
Pakistan has been given another action plan in compliance with the recommendations on global standards against financial crimes to warrant Pakistan's exclusion from its grey list.
Reportedly, the finance ministry has received the recommendations which require documentation of all Sarafa (gold) markets in the country, restriction on sale and purchase of gold items using cash and instead payment must be made with a bank card, and collection of data of gold buyers.
The recommendations further demand Pakistan to ensure restriction on supply of gold and jewelry to the banned outfits and terrorist organisations.
Another demand includes collection of data of all registered trust organisations at each district level and regulation of [thousands of] registered trust organisations, and establishment of its district-level regulation system on an immediate basis.
Furthermore, the recommendations require collection of details of accounts of all trust organisations at a district-level.
Besides, Pakistan will present an implementation report on its action plan to the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) on April 15, the third of four such reports to be presented to the global financial watchdog before its review of Islamabad's performance in June, 2019.
According to sources, the finance, interior and foreign ministries, the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP), the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP), the Federal Investigation Agency (FIA), the National Counter-Terrorism Authority (Nacta), the Federal Board of Revenue (FBR) and the Financial Monitoring Unit (FMU) have been working on the FATF action plan.
The government, according to the sources, has also set up four working groups to ensure the implementation of the action plan. The FATF has strictly demanded restrictions on funding of banned outfits.


text:
This new obesity theory will make you never want a donut again (but you probably can't resist)
By Kate Bratskeir
Why are more than one-third of Americans obese? The popular belief is that they bite off more than they can chew — or, perhaps more scientifically accurate, people consume more calories than they expend.
This theory has dictated the way many Americans navigate their food. It's the foundation of the platitude "moderation is key." It has led the billion-dollar diet industry to focus its energy in the direction of emphasizing appetite suppression, lower-fat versions of sweet favorites and calorie counting programs crossed with increased exercise for successful weight loss.
Come on, Marty, work off that bone!
But what if this theory about why we're fat is just... wrong?
Gary Taubes, a science writer and the author of The Case Against Sugar, believes it is. The real flaw in the theory is that it belittles the power of food. The body metabolizes different foods in different ways, Taubes explained in an interview, and sugar is, in the case of weight gain, its biggest obstacle.
Compare the meals in the left calories with the meals in the right.
Take the food in the image above. The meals in the left column (avocado toast with a scrambled egg, carrot soup, sweet potato and chickpea curry and fruit, vegetables, popcorn and Greek yogurt for snacks) actually contain the exact same number of calories as the meals in the right (chocolate cereal, ham sandwich, ready made lasagna with a baguette and chocolate, biscuits and soda for snacks). Both diets have 2,031 calories, according to registered dietitian Nichola Whitehead, but, by Taubes' reckoning, they'll have very different effects on the body. Eating 50 calories of chickpea curry won't affect a person the same way 50 calories of biscuits might.
Sugar — not necessarily calories — makes the difference
The diet in the right column above is heavy in added sugars. Fructose — the sugar found in soda and candy — is metabolized by the liver. "If the dose of sugar hitting the liver is high enough, the liver cells will have trouble oxidizing it, so some of it will be converted to fat," Taubes said. "The assumption that I'm making is that this process leads to fat accumulation in the liver, which leads to a condition called insulin resistance."
Because soda is mostly sugar, it's metabolized in the liver.
With insulin resistance, the body's "muscle, fat and liver cells do not respond properly to insulin and thus cannot easily absorb glucose from the bloodstream," according to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestion and Kidney Diseases.
Beyond the fat storage, sugar makes the brain think that the body's still hungry. This misinformation leads us to keep eating and eating and eating.
If the theory sticks, it might help abolish obesity discrimination
If Taubes' more-than-an-inkling is correct, the stigma surrounding obesity might see some relief. Taubes said he's passionate about the issue, in part, because of the discrimination he witnesses against people with obesity — particularly children:
"All I have to do is think about obese kids — there's this injustice being perpetrated on obese people everyone. One is this assumption that they lack willpower, that they're lazy and gluttonous. The other injustice is that in order to try to cure them, we torture them. We do precisely the wrong thing. We [prescribe] exercise and starving."
Doctors currently prescribe their overweight patients treatment that aligns with the theory that obesity is too many calories in and not enough out. Taubes' proposal could influence these treatment plans.
But it also has bigger implications
The food industry would be pretty pissed to see this sugar-scathing theory gain traction. There are already empirical findings that support the framework of Taubes' thinking, but sugar-fueled corporations have invested plenty in getting the old science to stick.
In 2015, for example, Coca-Cola funded scientists to report that exercise, not cutting calories, is important for maintaining a healthy weight, the New York Times reported. The Coke-funded study turned out to be more alternative fact, less truth.
There's definitely more research to be done, and Taubes is the first to admit it. But the bedrock to his theory is this: "If we fix what we eat, how much [we eat]' will work itself out."


2. This appeal by special leave is directed against the judgment and order dated 28.8.2014 of the High Court of Delhi allowing the revision petition preferred by the respondent/plaintiff against the order of the trial court which has dismissed her application in a suit for recovery of possession and damages with respect to a portion of the property being in unauthorized occupation of the appellant/defendant.
3. The factual matrix of the case is that the plaintiff-respondent filed a suit against the defendant/appellant who is her son, for recovery of possession and damages alleging that she had purchased the suit property out of her own fund and she is the absolute owner, but part of the property was under the illegal occupation of the appellant-defendant, who opposed the suit contending that the suit property was a Hindu Undivided Family property having been purchased in the name of the respondent using the funds of his grandfather, father and himself and not purchased by the respondent as she was a housewife having no income. Appellant-defendant further pleaded that though there was a dispute regarding his ownership and possession, the same was settled between all the family members vide compromise deed dated 22.10.1997.
4. The respondent filed an application under Order XII Rule 6 of the Code of Civil Procedure for passing a decree in her favour on the ground that a suit for partition, which had earlier been filed by the appellant on the same ground i.e. that the suit property was a HUF property, had been dismissed by the District Court vide judgment dated 8.9.2003 and affirmed by the High Court vide judgment dated 12.9.2011 and the respondent contended that the same amounted to an unequivocal admission by the appellant that the respondent was entitled to possession.
5. The trial court held that though the judgment dated 8.9.2003 of the District Court and judgment dated 12.9.2011 of the High Court had rejected the plea of the appellant that the suit property was a HUF property, these findings were made in a suit for partition whereas the present suit was filed for recovery of possession and damages. The trial court further held that for passing a decree under Order XII Rule 6 CPC, the defendant had to make an unequivocal and unqualified admission. The appellant herein has not made such an admission regarding his liability to pay the damages claimed by the respondent. The trial court dismissed the application vide judgment dated 7.6.2013.
6. Aggrieved by the judgment of the trial court, the respondent filed a revision petition before the High Court. The High Court while allowing the appeal and decreeing the suit with costs held that the pleas taken by the appellant-defendant regarding the contribution made by his grandfather, father and himself in the purchase of the suit property had been rejected by the High Court vide judgment dated 12.9.2011 and the same will operate as res judicata. The High Court further held that while there was no evidence for holding the suit property to be a HUF property, the title deeds of the suit property and the land records stood in favour of the respondent-plaintiff. The High Court noted that the only new plea taken by the defendant in his written statement was that he was a co-owner vide compromise deed dated 22.10.1997 and held that this plea was barred on the grounds of constructive res judicata having not been raised earlier in the partition suit filed by the defendant. The High Court accordingly set aside the order passed by the trial court and decreed the suit.
7. Hence, the present appeal by special leave by the defendant-son.
8. We have heard learned counsel for the parties. Mr. Sushil Kumar Jain, learned senior counsel appearing for the appellant, assailed the order passed by the High Court manly on the ground that the High Court exceeded its jurisdiction under Section 115 of the Code of Civil Procedure. According to the learned senior counsel there is categorical denial that the appellant's possession in the suit property is not that of a trespasser but on the basis of his own right. Learned senior counsel submitted that for passing a judgment under Order XII Rule 6 CPC there must be unequivocal admission by the defendant in the pleading. According to the learned counsel judgment should not have been passed by applying the principles of res judicata inasmuch as the issue of res judicata does not arise in a case of judgment passed under Order XII Rule 6, CPC.
9. In order to appreciate the submission made by the learned senior counsel we would like to quote Order XII Rule 6 CPC, which reads as under:- "Judgment on admissions.- (1) Where admissions of fact have been made either in the pleading or otherwise, whether orally or in writing, the court may at any stage of the suit, either on the application of an party or of its own motion and without waiting for the determination of any other question between the parties, make such Order or give such judgment as It may think fit, having regard to such admissions. (2) Whenever a judgment is pronounced under sub-rule (1) a decree shall be drawn up in accordance with the judgment and the decree shall bear the date on which the judgment was pronounced."
10. The bare perusal of the aforesaid provision makes it clear that it confers wide discretion on the court to pass a judgment at any stage of the suit on the basis of admission of facts made in the pleading or otherwise without waiting for the determination of any other question arose between the parties. Since the Rule permits the passing of judgment at any stage without waiting for determination of other question, it follows that there can be more than one decree that may be passed at different stages of the same suit. The principle behind Order XII Rule 6 is to give the plaintiff a right to speedy judgment so that either party may get rid of the rival claims which are not in controversy.
"39. In the 54th Law Commission Report, an amendment was suggested to enable the court to give a judgment not only on the application of a party but on its own motion. It is thus clear that the amendment was brought about to further the ends of justice and give these provisions a wider sweep by empowering the Judges to use it "ex debito justitiae", a Latin term, meaning a debt of justice. In our opinion the thrust of the amendment is that in an appropriate case, a party, on the admission of the other party, can press for judgment, as a matter of legal right. However, the court always retains its discretion in the matter of pronouncing judgment.
40. If the provision of Order 12 Rule 1 is compared with Order 12 Rule 6, it becomes clear that the provision of Order 12 Rule 6 is wider inasmuch as the provision of Order 12 Rule 1 is limited to admission by "pleading or [pic]otherwise in writing" but in Order 12 Rule 6 the expression "or otherwise" is much wider in view of the words used therein, namely: "admission of fact ... either in the pleading or otherwise, whether orally or in writing".
41. Keeping the width of this provision (i.e. Order 12 Rule 6) in mind this Court held that under this Rule admissions can be inferred from the facts and circumstances of the case (see Charanjit Lal Mehra v. Kamal Saroj Mahajan, SCC at p. 285, para 8). Admissions in answer to interrogatories are also covered under this Rule (see Mullas's Commentary on the Code, 16th Edn., Vol. II, p. 2177).
42. In Uttam Singh Duggal & Co. Ltd. v. United Bank of India this Court, while construing this provision, held that the Court should not unduly narrow down its application as the object is to enable a party to obtain speedy judgment."
12. Coming back to the instant case there is no dispute that the plaintiff/respondent filed the suit for possession of the suit property and also for recovery of Rs.5,55,000/- and future damages at the rate of Rs. 15,000/- per month. The plaintiff/respondent claimed title in the suit property and averred that the appellant is in unauthorized occupation of the suit property without any authority or justification. In the plaint it was specifically pleaded that the ownership right in the suit property has already been decided in favour of the respondent and against the appellant by judgment and decree dated 8.9.2003 and the appeal filed by the appellant was also dismissed vide judgment dated 12.9.2011. Hence, the appellant is in illegal possession of the suit property.
"6. The only new aspect urged in the present written statement is that the respondent/defendant claimed that he received ownership share in the suit property by virtue of a written compromise entered into before the police station Anand Vihar on 22.10.1997, however, it is noted that the earlier suit, which was a suit for partition filed by the respondent/defendant, the issue as regards the claim of the respondent/defendant to the ownership rights in the suit property was very much in issue, and hence the respondent/defendant had to urge in the earlier proceedings all the basis of his claims of ownership rights in the suit property and if that was not done the respondent/defendant is now barred by the principle of constructive res judicata from raising any claims which ought to have been urged in the earlier proceedings.
The principle with respect to doctrine of res judicata is that there must be finality achieved to litigation and parties must not be harassed over and over again merely by changing certain facts with respect to the main relief claimed viz., of ownership rights in the suit property.
7. In view of the above, the impugned order dated 7.6.2013 is completely illegal and the issues in the present case stand covered against the respondent / defendant by the principle of res judicata enshrined in Section 11 CPC. So far as the relief of possession is concerned, suit of the plaintiff/petitioner/mother will hence stand decreed against the respondent/defendant for the portion so in possession of the respondent/defendant as per the site plant filed. Since the respondent / defendant / son is harassing the mother from 1998 and today we are in the year 2014, this appeal is allowed with actual cost. Petitioner / plaintiff will file an affidavit in this Court supported by certificate of fees of her counsels in this appeal with respect to the fees paid to the counsels, and such fees paid will be the cost which will be payable by the respondent / defendant to the petitioner / plaintiff. The aforesaid affidavit accompanied by the certificate of the fees of the counsels be filed by the petitioner within a period of four weeks and costs be paid thereafter within a period of four weeks."
14. From the reading of para 7 of the order, as quoted hereinabove, it reveals that the High Court not only decreed the suit for possession but also directed the plaintiff / respondent to file an affidavit giving details of the cost of litigation since the appeal was allowed with cost.
15. As discussed hereinabove, there is no dispute with regard to the law settled by this Court that Order XII Rule 6 confers wide discretion on the Court to pass judgment either at the stage of the suit on the basis of admission of the facts made in the pleadings or otherwise, but the Court shall later on decide the other questions which arise for consideration in the Suit.
16. It is equally well settled that the provision of Order XII Rule 6 of the Code is not a mandatory provision rather discretionary. While exercising power of passing judgment on admission made in the pleading or otherwise, the Court must keep the matter pending for adjudication so far as other issues are concerned.
ii) A decree for recovery of Rs.5,55,000/- and future damages @ Rs.15,000/- per month against the defendant.
18. So far as the first relief for a decree for possession is concerned, we are in full agreement with the view taken by the High Court having regard to the question of ownership already decided in the earlier suit filed by the defendant/ appellant. The said issue need not have to be decided afresh and hence on the basis of the finding of ownership decided in favour of the plaintiff/respondent, the suit has to be decreed so far as the recovery of possession is concerned.
19. So far as the second question with regard to the entitlement of the plaintiff/respondent to claim a decree for recovery of a sum of Rs. 5,55,000/- and future damages @ Rs.15,000/- per month is concerned, admittedly this question has not been decided either in the earlier suit or in this suit. In that view of the matter, decreeing the entire suit on the basis of ownership of the plaintiff/respondent already decided in the earlier suit, the decree for recovery of damages ought not to have been passed by the High Court.
20. However, in the instant case, at the time of admission of this Special Leave Petition, the following order was passed on 12.11.2014:- "In the event the petitioner deposit a sum of Rs.5,00,000/- (Rupees Five Lakhs) in the account of his mother-Respondent, notice shall be issued only confining to the question as to whether the decree passed under the provisions of Order XII Rule 6 CPC is justified. The amount to be deposited within four weeks from today. Put up the case on 11.12.2014. Till then, status quo, as on today, shall be maintained."
21. In compliance of the aforesaid order, the appellant had already deposited the aforesaid amount. Hence, taking into consideration the relationship of the appellant and the respondent being mother and son, we do not think it proper to again remand the matter to the trial court for deciding the issue as to the quantum of damages the respondent is entitled to get from the appellant for his unauthorized possession of the suit property. We, therefore, hold that the amount of Rs.5,00,000/- would be just and proper so far as the claim for damages is concerned.
22. We, therefore, think it fit not to interfere with the order passed by the High Court. This appeal is, therefore, dismissed. However, we allow the appellant to remain in possession of the suit property till 31.12.2015 on payment of Rs.10,000/- per month by way of damages for use and occupation of the suit property. It is made clear that in the event the appellant fails to vacate and hand over the vacant possession of the suit property and also fails in payment of monthly damages as fixed hereinabove on or before 31.12.2015, respondent will be entitled to execute the decree for recovery of possession and also for damages.igh High Court.


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text:
WT/DS174 - European Communities - Protection of trademarks and geographical indications for agricultural products and foodstuffs
WTO dispute settlement case - Complaint against the EU
WTO - Complaint against the EU
Complaint by: United States
Complaint against: EU
Third parties: Argentina, Austria, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Guatemala, India, Mexico, New Zealand, Taiwan (Chinese Taipei), Turkey
The US complained that EC Regulation 2081/92 did not provide national treatment with respect to geographical indications and does not provide sufficient protection to pre-existing trademarks that are similar or identical to geographical indications (ex: Budweiser)
Relevant WTO provision: TRIPS (2, 3, 4, 16, 22, 24, 63, 65); GATT (III:4, I)
First round of consultations took place on 9 July 1999. On 4 Apr. 2003 the US requested additional consultations. Consultations held on 27 May 2003. Panel established on 2 Oct. 2003.
Consultations requested: 01 June 1999
Panel requested: 18 August 2003
Panel established: 02 October 2003
7 prosinec 2022
Setkání partnerských subjektů
19 leden 2023
Živý přenos je k dispozici
2 září 2022
8 únor 2022
Tento web spravuje Generální ředitelství pro obchod


text:
Four Nevadans honored for contributions to American Indians in Carson City
Ben Rupert (right) poses with his wife Sherry Saturday evening after receiving the 2014 Contributor/Supporter of the Year award at the American Indian Achievement Awards Banquet held at the Governor's Mansion in Carson City.
The Nevada Indian Commission honored four Nevadans for their important contributions to the American Indian community during the fifth annual American Indian Achievement Awards Banquet and Silent Auction Saturday night at the Governor's Mansion.
Carson City's Ben Rupert, a firefighter with the City of Reno Fire Department, is being recognized as the Contributor and Supporter of the Year.
Members of the Nevada Indian Commission selected the recipients.
The awards celebrate "Nevadans working in and for Indian Country," said Sherry Rupert, executive director of the Indian Commission.
Other recipients are:
American Indian Community Leader of the Year — Aletha Tom, chairwoman for the Moapa Band of Paiutes.
American Indian Youth Services/Role Model of the Year — Paula Smith, Juvenile Probation Officer, Washoe Tribe of Nevada and California.
American Indian Youth Ambassador of the Year — Calista Cruz, student, Coral Academy, Reno.


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text:
Danger! High Voltage
Coding: Atilla Tajti
Graphics: Atilla Tajti
Sound: PÁ©ter Varga
Last updated: August 9, 2020 by fgasking
A very promising looking puzzler game, which is sort of a mixture of Sokoban and Pipemania with electrical wiring. It is playable, with some cool title presentation – though the options and screen designer areas are disabled at present.
This very much has the feel of a commercial standard title – but we have no idea who it was intended for (if anyone at all). 1992 was still a time when the C64 was fully active, so what happened?
I didn't think there were any clues in the code about who was behind the game, but contributor Compounded spotted that the credits appear when you leave the game for a while – the credits reveal themselves. Highlighting the stupidity of the web author of GTW clearly! … but anyway, thanks to Compounded, the credits have been established – so its hoped more can be found out soon.
Did a more complete version ever exist?
Contributions: Compounded
Preview_Dangerhighvoltage
← Dionysus III
Cybowormz →
3 Responses to Danger! High Voltage
Compounded says:
The text on the title page switches after a while to reveal that the game's code and graphics were done by Atilla Tajti. A Hungarian programmer, I presume. He seemed to continue in video gaming for some time, with a couple of games credited to him on Moby Games. He is also on GitHub as tajtiattila and appears to be active still.
Thats brilliant! Thanks very much for the heads up – i'll get digging.
Ken Knight says:
Critical to gameplay is the fact that you can PULL blocks (hit fire and backwards), as well as push them. The red squares are teleports (hit fire on them), which unfortunately only teleport humans.
This is a 2 player game, and both players are vital in shifting the blocks around. This makes the separate scores for player 1 & 2 confusing in what seems to be a game that's cooperative in nature. Then again, maybe they're energy or health meters in an element of the game that's yet to be implemented. This makes the timer at the top right hand side of the screen intriguing given the thought that it may be measuring something completely different- look at the electric nodule icon underneath it.
Having linked a grey terminal with another grey, and then a grey with a yellow, nothing happened. I'm not nearly clever enough to link all four terminals in a way that's different to their arrangement at the start. I put the challenge out there to the community to find out what kind of rearrangement is necessary to pass the level.
GTW64 Christmas update 2014
Welcome to our yearly Christmas update, which seems to have […]


text:
Home About Us Previous Issues Submit Art News Contact Us
A time to Act
Raja Ravi Varma: The painter who made the gods human
Rabindranath as Painter
Gaganendranath: Painter and Personality
Abanindranath Tagore: a reappraisal
Where Existentialism meets Exiledom
Jamini Roy's Art in Retrospect
Sailoz: The Inerasable Stamp
Calcutta's Best Kept Secret: The Marble Palace
Art is Enigmatic
A few tools to protect the French culture
The exact discipline germinates the seemingly easiness
Symbols of Monarchy, power and wealth the Turban Ornaments of the Nizams
The Bell Telephone
The Pride of India
Tapas Konar Visualizing the mystic
Our Artists vs. their Artists
Dragon boom or bubble?
What Happened and What's Forthcoming
Art Bengaluru
Musings from Chennai
Art Events Kolkata: May � June 2011
Mumbai Art Sighting
PreludeEditorialA time to ActRaja Ravi Varma: The painter who made the gods humanRabindranath as PainterGaganendranath: Painter and PersonalityAbanindranath Tagore: a reappraisal Where Existentialism meets ExiledomNandalal BoseJamini Roy's Art in RetrospectSailoz: The Inerasable StampAmrita Sher-GilCalcutta's Best Kept Secret: The Marble PalaceArt is EnigmaticA few tools to protect the French cultureThe exact discipline germinates the seemingly easinessSymbols of Monarchy, power and wealth the Turban Ornaments of the NizamsThe Bell TelephoneThe Pride of IndiaTapas Konar Visualizing the mysticTheyyamOur Artists vs. their ArtistsWhat Happened and What's ForthcomingArt BengaluruMusings from ChennaiMumbai Art SightingPreviewsIn the News
by AAMRA
On March 14, Bloomberg reported that China has overtaken the U.K. to become the world's second-largest art market after the U.S. Now that is old news, on which we have already touched upon in the last issue. Art Tactic's Chinese Contemporary Art market report 2011 stated that, "China and its contemporary art market have gone through a remarkable transformation in the last 5 years. The contemporary Chinese auction market has grown from just below $1 million in 2002 to $167.4 million in 2010, and this year is already set to become a record year…
The global art market recovery has been helped by strong economic growth in Asia. Sotheby' and Christie's Hong Kong have seen sales turnover increasing by 300% between 2009 and 2010. Mainland Chinese auction houses such as Poly and Guardian have seen their Chinese sales seasons grow from $397 million in 2009 to $2.2 billion in 2010, and even the contemporary Chinese art market is approaching the previous peak level set in 2008."
But while everybody else in the world seems to be bullish and full of hope about the rise of China, an art analyst and critic, sitting in Sydney has raised a very valid question. In his blog, Artmarketblog.com, Nicholas Forrest writes:
"What concerns me most about the Chinese art market is the fact that the Chinese are not only showing a keen interest in the work of modern master "trophy" artists, just as the Japanese did, but unlike the Japanese are also showing a keen interest in the work of their own young contemporary artists. The first reason that this is concerning is the obvious issue of inflated pricing that arises when uneducated and indiscriminate buying of "trophy" works takes place especially when the reasons for purchases are related to status, vanity and games of one-upmanship. The second reason that this is concerning is that China does not have the sort of private gallery infrastructure in place that is needed to support young contemporary artists and nurture their careers over the long term. Without the private gallery step in the process of natural progression, young artists end up being thrust into the limelight ill-prepared and without having been through that crucial process of critical review that the private gallery system is a major part of. It is that private gallery system that would usually separate the true stars from the posers and direct the marketplace towards the true stars. Artists whose work is taken directly from the art school to the auction house are essentially being thrust into a position of authority and responsibility without the proper credentials. This is fine while the going is good but as soon as the money runs out and these artists are asked to prove their worth the whole foundation that their career has been built on comes tumbling down."
Forrest here raises a very valid point. Because the Chinese pattern is very like the American pattern before the global meltdown. Actually, the way a nation's art market performs can also be understood by the way the same nation's property market performs. And China's property market, in its own way is not in the pinkest of health. Like all nations which try a simulated boost on their economy, China is building massive cities in anticipation of the massive rise in the number of Chinese people who can afford to purchase their own home. This, the Chinese government believes will take place. The problem is that many of these cities remain empty a long time after construction has been completed. Moreover, they offer no signs of filling up.
A recent article in Bloomberg stated, "China's property market may be heading into a bubble as the economy's reliance on real estate reaches a level close to the housing peaks in the U.S. and Japan, according to Citigroup Inc." This is particularly relevant and as Forrest rightly points out, this "compares China's property market boom to the Japanese property market peak the collapse of which caused the art market collapse of the early '90s. With so much money being invested in property and being made from China's property boom it is highly likely that a significant proportion of the money being spent by the Chinese on antiques and fine art comes from the property boom. It is therefore also highly likely that the ability to pay any debt that Chinese buyers are racking up to pay for their trinkets is reliant on the continued positive progression of China's property boom."
Now this is a very alarming supposition the Forrest makes. If it is true that the money being pumped into the Chinese art market is actually being channelised from the property market, there is every possibility that the 2008 trend in the Chinese art market will be repeated there. If property dealers fail to get their customers, it will have an adverse effect on the economy, whereby the economy will suffer having a direct impact on the art market boom.
In fact, Forrest's research also reveals a few disturbing facts about the performance of Chinese buyers in the global art market. He writes:
"If you follow the progress of the art market you will be aware the auction houses have experienced serious problems when dealing with a number of Chinese buyers whose actions threaten to stifle the surge of Chinese buyers before it has really even begun. As reports of Chinese buyers failing to pay for antiques and fine art that they have purchased at auction continue to hit the headlines, auction houses have been forced to take action. Several major auction houses have chosen to combat the issue of non-payment by asking clients who are bidding on certain high priced lots to provide a refundable deposit before the auction takes place. This may seem like a simple and neat solution to the problem, but such a scheme is likely to cause conflict between the auction houses and Chinese buyers who are used to conducting business in a particular social and cultural environment…
It is important to know that non-payment by Chinese buyers is not something that has only just started happening. In fact, there are reports as far back as 2007 that express concerns over the number of instances of Chinese buyers failing to pay for art and antiques that they had purchased at auction. Since 2009 there have been an increased number of reported instances of non-payment by Chinese buyers culminating in the recent clampdown by auction houses on delinquent buyers. Excuses for non-payment or slow payment range from problems (of) transferring money into Western currencies to issues with the "legal" status of objects. Many instances of non-payment, however, appear to just be the result of plain old overzealous bidding."
Forrest goes on to list a few instances of non-payment:
Political statement: There have been instances where Chinese buyers have bid on items that were allegedly looted from Chinese sites then refused to pay as a political statement. The most infamous case of politically motivated non-payment is that of dealer Cai Mingchao and the bronze animal heads which Cai purchased at the Yves Saint Laurent/Pierre Berge sale in 2009 then failed to pay for citing evidence that the items had been illegally removed from China as his reasons for defaulting on payment.
Buyers remorse: With many Chinese buyers paying way over the odds for antiques and fine art, it is likely that at least some of them will go away from the auction regretting the amount that they spent.
Unable to pay: Once again, overzealous bidding from determined Chinese bidders who do not want to "lose face" by losing an auction is likely to produce instances of buyers bidding beyond their means.
Negotiation tactics: It is likely that some Chinese buyers will not see the final auction price as the end of the sale and will begin negotiating with the auction house over the price as well as terms of payment once the sale has ended.
Currency exchange: Apparently it takes considerable time to transfer money out of a Chinese account and to perform the necessary currency exchange when purchases have been made outside China.
It is true that the number of instances of slow payment and non-payment have been very small, however, the issue is not so much how many instances there have been, but what the ramifications have been for the industry and for the sentiment of Chinese buyers. It is no secret that respect and honour are a big part of Chinese culture. Not wanting to "lose face" on such a public stage, Chinese bidders are likely to feel strong opposition towards the implementation of enforced deposits by several auction houses. To be asked to provide a deposit will potentially offend Chinese bidders who will see such a demand as disrespectful and offensive, because to be forced to pay a deposit suggests that the bidder is untrustworthy. If you think that demanding a deposit will not have an effect on auction proceedings then you might like to consider the poor results of the recent Meiyintang Collection auction that was held at Sotheby's in Hong Kong which an article from Bloomberg suggests could be the result of required deposits for "premium lots".
Forrest's argument is solid. However, there is one small loophole. If it Is so that most of the money being channelised into the art market by Chinese bidders is a result of the property boom, and it IS also true that the cities being built by the Chinese government are remaining unpopulated long after being constructed, the question is where is the money in the hands of the Chinese bidders coming from? If we are to suppose that all the construction work is being carried out on speculation, and also that when it is coming to Chinese auction houses in the mainland, no money is actually exchanging hands, and the whole transaction is being carried out on a virtual scale, then of course it makes sense. The niggling feeling is that Chinese bidders have failed to pay up on certain occasions, when it came to international auction houses. Which reinforces the idea that the money, in currency notes, perhaps is still to see the light of day. And that is something to be thoughtful about.
However, it would only be good if Forrest's supposition and alarm bell is proved to be wrong. Because that way, the global art market will stand to gain from the Chinese boom.
( Max 250 words)
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Q: Pseudo-random number generator for cluster environment How can I generate independent pseudo-random numbers on a cluster, for Monte Carlo simulation for example? I can have many compute nodes (e.g. 100), and I need to generate millions of numbers on each node. I need a warranty that a PRN sequence on one node will not overlap the PRN sequence on another node.

*

*I could generate all PRN on root node, then send them to other nodes. But it would be far too slow.

*I could jump to a know distance in the sequence, on each node. But is there such an algorithm for Mersenne-Twister or for any other good PRNG, which can be done with a reasonable amount of time and memory?

*I could use different generators on each node. But is it possible with good generators like Mersenne-Twister? How could it be done?

*Any other though?

A: You should never use potentially overlapping random streams obtained from the same original stream. If you have not tested the resulting interleaved stream, you have no idea of its statistic quality.
Fortunately, Mersenne Twister (MT) will help you in your distribution task. Using its dedicated algorithm, called Dynamic Creator (DC hereafter), you can create independent random number generators that will produce highly independent random streams.
Each stream will be created on the node that will be using it. Basically, think of DC as a constructor in object oriented paradigm that creates different instances of MT. Each different instance is designed to produce highly independent random sequences.
You can find DC here: http://www.math.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/~m-mat/MT/DC/dc.html
It's quite straightforward to use and you'll be able to fix different parameters such as the number of different MT instances you want to obtain or the period of these MTs. Depending on its input parameter, DC will runtime will change.
In addition of the README coming along with DC, take a look at the file example/new_example2.c in the DC archive. It shows example of calls to get independent sequences given a different input identifier, which is basically what you have to identify cluster jobs.
Finally, if you intend to learn more about how to use PRNGs in parallel or distributed environments, I suggest you read this scientific articles:
Practical distribution of random streams for stochastic High Performance Computing, David RC Hill, in International Conference on High Performance Computing and Simulation (HPCS), 2010

A: Okay, answer #2 ;-)
I am going to say ... keep it simple. Just use a "short" seed to prime the MT (imagine that this seed is 232 bits for lack of better restriction). This assumes that the the short seed generates "sufficiently distributed" MT starting states (e.g. init_genrand in the code in my other answer, hopefully). This doesn't guarantee an equally distributed starting state but rather goes for "good enough", see below.
Each node will use it's own sequence of seeds which are pre-selected (either a list of random seeds which is transmitted or a formula like number_nodes * node_number * iteration). The important thing is that the initial "short" seed will never be re-used across nodes.
Each node will then use a MT PRNG initialized with this seed n times where n <<< MT_period / max_value_of_short_seed (TT800 is 2800-1 and MT19937 is 219937-1, so n can still be a very large number). After n times, the node moves onto the next seed in the chosen list.
While I do not (nor can I) provide a "guarantee" that no node will ever have a duplicate sequence at the same time (or at all), here is what AMD says about Using Different Seends: (Obviously the initial seeding algorithm plays a role).

Of the four methods for creating multiple streams described here, this is the least satisfactory ... For example, sequences generated from different starting points may overlap if the initial values are not far enough apart. The potential for overlapping sequences is reduced if the period of the generator being used is large. Although there is no guarantee of the independence of the sequences, due to its extremely large period, using the Mersenne Twister with random starting values is unlikely to lead to problems, especially if the number of sequences required is small ...

Happy coding.

A:
I could jump to a know distance in the sequence, on each node. But is
  there such an algorithm for Mersenne-Twister or for any other good
  PRNG, which can be done with a reasonable amount of time and memory?

Yes, see http://theo.phys.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/~ishikawa/PRNG/mt_stream_en.html.  This is a excellent solution to obtaining independent random number streams.  By making jumps that are larger than the number of random numbers needed from each stream to create the starts of each stream, the streams won't overlap.

A: Disclaimer: I am not sure what guarantee MT has in terms of cycle overlap when starting from an arbitrary "uint" (or x, where x is a smaller arbitrary but unique value) seed, but that may be worth looking into, as if there is a guarantee then it may be sufficient to just start each node on a different "uint" seed and the rest of this post becomes largely moot. (The cycle length/period of MT is staggering and dividing out UINT_MAX still leaves an incomprehensible -- except on paper -- number.)

Well, here goes my comments to answer...
I like approach #2 with a pre-generated set of states; the MT in each node is then initialized with a given starting state.
Only the initial states must be preserved, of course, and once this is generated these states can

*

*Be re-used indefinitely, if requirements are met, or;

*The next states can generated forward on an external fast box why the simulation is running or;

*The nodes can report back the end-state (if reliable messaging, and if sequence is used at same rate among nodes, and meets requirements, etc)

Considering that MT is fast to generate, I would not recommend #3 from above as it's just complicated and has a number of strings attached. Option #1 is simple, but might not be dynamic enough.
Option #2 seems like a very good possibility. The server (a "fast machine", not necessarily a node) only needs to transmit the starting state of the next "unused sequence block" (say, one billion cycles) -- the node would use the generator for one billion cycles before asking for a new block. This would make it a hybrid of #1 in the post with very infrequent messaging.
On my system, a Core2 Duo, I can generate one billion random numbers in 17 seconds using the code provided below (it runs in LINQPad). I am not sure what MT variant this is.
void Main()
{
    var mt = new MersenneTwister();
    var start = DateTime.UtcNow;
    var ct = 1000000000;
    int n = 0;
    for (var i = 0; i < ct; i++) {
        n = mt.genrand_int32();
    }
    var end = DateTime.UtcNow;
    (end - start).TotalSeconds.Dump();
}

// From ... and modified (stripped) to work in LINQPad.
// http://mathnet-numerics.googlecode.com/svn-history/r190/trunk/src/Numerics/Random/MersenneTwister.cs
// See link for license and copyright information.
public class MersenneTwister
{
    private const uint _lower_mask = 0x7fffffff;
    private const int _m = 397;
    private const uint _matrix_a = 0x9908b0df;
    private const int _n = 624;
    private const double _reciprocal = 1.0/4294967295.0;
    private const uint _upper_mask = 0x80000000;
    private static readonly uint[] _mag01 = {0x0U, _matrix_a};
    private readonly uint[] _mt = new uint[624];
    private int mti = _n + 1;

    public MersenneTwister() : this((int) DateTime.Now.Ticks)
    {
    }
    public MersenneTwister(int seed)
    {
                init_genrand((uint)seed);
    }

    private void init_genrand(uint s)
    {
        _mt[0] = s & 0xffffffff;
        for (mti = 1; mti < _n; mti++)
        {
            _mt[mti] = (1812433253*(_mt[mti - 1] ^ (_mt[mti - 1] >> 30)) + (uint) mti);
            _mt[mti] &= 0xffffffff;
        }
    }

    public uint genrand_int32()
    {
        uint y;
        if (mti >= _n)
        {
            int kk;

            if (mti == _n + 1) /* if init_genrand() has not been called, */
                init_genrand(5489); /* a default initial seed is used */

            for (kk = 0; kk < _n - _m; kk++)
            {
                y = (_mt[kk] & _upper_mask) | (_mt[kk + 1] & _lower_mask);
                _mt[kk] = _mt[kk + _m] ^ (y >> 1) ^ _mag01[y & 0x1];
            }
            for (; kk < _n - 1; kk++)
            {
                y = (_mt[kk] & _upper_mask) | (_mt[kk + 1] & _lower_mask);
                _mt[kk] = _mt[kk + (_m - _n)] ^ (y >> 1) ^ _mag01[y & 0x1];
            }
            y = (_mt[_n - 1] & _upper_mask) | (_mt[0] & _lower_mask);
            _mt[_n - 1] = _mt[_m - 1] ^ (y >> 1) ^ _mag01[y & 0x1];

            mti = 0;
        }

        y = _mt[mti++];

        /* Tempering */
        y ^= (y >> 11);
        y ^= (y << 7) & 0x9d2c5680;
        y ^= (y << 15) & 0xefc60000;
        y ^= (y >> 18);

        return y;
    }
}

Happy coding.

A: TRNG is a random number generator built specifically with parallel cluster environments in mind (specifically it was built for the TINA super computer in Germany). Hence it is very eas to create independent random number streams and also generate non standard distributions. There is a tutorial on how to set it up here:
http://www.lindonslog.com/programming/parallel-random-number-generation-trng/

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While I'm out of town, toiling away at Odyssey Writing Workshop, I've decided to open up the blog to guest posts. Author Melinda Moore is kind enough to stop by today and contribute an entry to my worldbuilding series. When I'm back and defragged, I'll pick up where I left off in the series. Thanks very much, Melinda!
Over a decade ago I played in a Dungeons and Dragons game run by my husband using a pantheon that he had created. Most of the players understood and embraced the variations from real world religions, but one player could never quite get it. He played a cleric of a goddess who raised education above all else, but every time the player filled us in on what the character was doing during his down time, the character would be polishing candlesticks or reciting something similar to hail marys--- something from the real world Catholic church. It never occurred to him maybe his goddess would want him copying texts or tutoring orphans. He could not or would not buy in to this different religion created for the game.
When writing, reader's buy in is essential. How do you get them to accept a different religion for the time it takes to read your story? Start with the idea that gods are people too. They need to have their own motivations and histories. The Greek and Nordic gods are wonderful examples. They have alliances, enemies, petty brawling and humans caught in the middle. In the fantasy world I'm currently writing I have my gods united in the same end goal, but they all have different ways of getting there. One reveres education, one reveres sorcery, and one reveres strife.
Which brings me to my next point: the people should reflect the desires of the gods. The people in the country of the goddess who upholds education are governed by women, teaching is a prestigious occupation and science is far more important than magic. Their next door neighbor worships the god who holds magic above all else. They mostly are governed by men, but a woman sorceress isn't that unusual. But on the other side is chaos because their god holds up strife as the essential ingredient to the progression of the soul.
The trickle down from gods to people ends in the details. What are the religious leaders called? What do the structures look like where they worship? Do the gods intervene regularly? For my world, I've tried to find neutral words that people can still connect to. I use "mystic" for the religious leaders though for a long time I was using "sage." I think both those words have real world religious neutrality but still imply spirituality. The structures for the goddess look a lot like Greek temples because the ancient Greeks had a love for knowledge and I'm hoping that will subconsciously work its way to the reader. It's been much harder figuring out the structures for the god of strife. For now I've settled on the very back of the cavern the people dwell in as opposed to making a special structure out in the open. The darkness seems to fit better.
But what about stories set in an alternate universe of our own? I think in that case continuity and balance are essential. I know everybody loves Buffy the Vampire Slayer, but that world seems really off balance to me. The demons and vampires had structure and hierarchy, whereas "The Powers that Be" for the good just seemed to cross their fingers and close their eyes and hope that Buffy and Angel would save the day again. It never rang true to me that Buffy would never seek out any of the real world religions available to her. A better example for writers to follow is Xena. While it's ridiculous to think about the amount of miles Xena and Gabrielle walked in the short amount of time they had, at least they made the effort to seek out help from gods outside of Greece. They covered India, Israel and China and a bit of Amazon religions thrown in for good measure.
Outside of good/evil balance, when writing stories about religions in our own world where the gods make material gestures seen or felt by the human characters, realistic reactions are important. In my novella "A Sunset Finish" being published by JupiterGardens Press, my protagonist perceives the Tao or the Watercourse way inside herself while her love interest has lived all his life seeing the Sunset People--- guides to the afterlife for his pueblo. The protagonist always feels like she's drowning in the Tao and is constantly on the verge of suicide, making a rocky journey with her love interest who's been taught by the Sunset People the sanctity of life. The push and pull of their religious experiences provides part of the tension of the story. I think one of the reasons it got accepted for publication is the believable reactions to each other and the religious experiences.
So don't shy away from religion when world building. Embrace it. For three hundred pages make your reader a believer in Xanton God of Treasure of Kyra Goddess of Light. Just remember: Gods are people too.
Thanks to J.W. Alden for allowing me to guest blog here while he's away at Odyssey. If you enjoyed my post please visit enchantedspark.com. I talk about what inspires stories and host a monthly writing contest for a $30 prize.
This is a good reminder. I don't shy away from religion, but this appears to be a topic I don't even think about it when I'm world building. I have one series I'm working on with heavy religious themes, some real, mostly made up. Other than that, I can't say it ever crosses my mind! And it sounds like it could be a lot of fun, too.
I didn't use religion in my books. While I had no problem pretending for D&D, writing it myself felt different. It was simpler to leave it out of the trilogy.
There are some great science fiction that use a type of religion like Dune or BSG. It can make the characters more rounded.
"Which brings me to my next point: the people should reflect the desires of the gods." practically shouted at me. Yes! It's exactly what was missing in my world. Thank you.


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Fourth COVID-19 case confirmed in Cochise County
A fourth case of COVID-19 has been confirmed in Cochise County. The County's Health & Social Services Department received confirmation of a positive test on Sunday, March 29.
The individual is an adult female who is currently hospitalized at a medical facility outside of Cochise County. Due to the fact she has no recent travel history it is believed this is the first confirmed case of community spread in the county. Community spread refers to the spread of an illness for which the source of the infection is unknown. An investigation has been completed and all known contacts are self-isolating.
Cochise County Health & Social Services is reminding the public to follow social distancing guidelines and to only travel for essential trips. The public should also continue washing or sanitizing their hands, especially after touching any public surfaces, such as grocery carts and fuel pumps.
Health Director Carrie Langley said, "The Arizona Department of Health has determined COVID-19 is now widespread in the state, so it's really important that the public practice social distancing. That means avoiding group gatherings, visitors in your home, crowded grocery and retail stores, and non-essential travel. Members of the public should also keep at least six feet between them and others, wash their hands, and stay home if they feel sick or have any symptoms of COVID-19."
Symptoms include fever, cough, or shortness of breath. Anyone experiencing symptoms is advised to stay home and self-manage their care, and to stay away from others until at least 72 hours after their fever is gone and symptoms of acute infection resolve. Contact your healthcare provider if you are unable to manage your symptoms at home.
The County has established a COVID-19 website where the public can find a wealth of information, including testing criteria, community and business resources, case updates, donation and volunteer opportunities, social media help sites, County services updates, and more. Visithttps://covid-cochisehealth.hub.arcgis.com/
12 states see rising Covid-19 hospitalizations as Arizona asks hospitals to activate emergency plans
(CNN)Health experts have long warned about a second peak in Covid-19, and now a rise in cases has pushed Arizona to tell its hospitals to activate emergency plans. Arizona is one of the 19 states with
Older voters put Donald Trump in the White House. Now some are having second thoughts
PEORIA, ARIZ. — Calvin Eng has little use for politicians. Democrats just want to tax, he said. Republicans just want to cut. It seemed to Eng that Donald Trump was different than the usual run-of-th
Data show Arizona's racial inequities in education, poverty, prisons
In the wake of the police killings of George Floyd and Dion Johnson, the nation has re-ignited discussions of racial inequities and disparities in policing. But data suggests those inequities between
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Has the way we store our photos changed with Artificial intelligence software? Does using a NAS give you the safety you need? How do you work with cloud-based services? What do the proposed changes to Australian copyright law really mean? In today's social media world, do moral rights have a larger role to play?


Stories of restoring the sacred, and updates from StoryTel Foundation.
"Blessed John Paul II remains alive with God, continuing to offer his prayers for the Church on earth, the head of the Holy See Press Office said on the seventh anniversary of the late Pope's death.
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During the last 40 years I have dealt with many accountants regarding my personal, business and trust accounts. I have dealt with good ones and bad ones, but mostly 'good, useless' accountants. My experience was that the bigger the accounting firm, the 'better' and more useless they become.
By the way, Steinhoff used a very big firm!
So, what is a "good useless" accountant?
They are very good at doing the books. They might even be the best, but they are not savvy. They are not effective. You can even say they are ignorant bean counters!
For example, they will calculate how much tax you owe SARS, to the last cent – no auditor or actuary will be able to find fault with their calculations. So why would I call them ignorant and useless?
If they are not 100% familiar with the legal tax avoidance methods of the Income Tax Act, they are not useful to me, no matter how "good" they are!
With all the wonderful tax saving allowances of SARS, no person, especially entrepreneurs, has to pay income tax. You just need to know all the tax breaks and how to apply them.
Our government, like most governments around the world, incentivise entrepreneurs in order to stimulate the economy, to provide housing, to create jobs and to do social upliftment. Our government, despite all its other faults, is no different. They've made many excellent incentives available to us!
Property developers can get 100% of their development cost back from SARS!
Property investors can get 55% of the cost on all their new houses back from SARS!
Employees can get their salaries 100% tax-free!
Business owners can get 100% of their profits tax-free!
Trusts can make 100% of their taxable income 100% tax-free!
Trusts are allowed to create easy bank financed tax-deductible losses!
Yes, you have to do certain things in a certain way to be able to get the maximum results. We call that "Certain Way" the Wealth Mastery System. It's a registered legal system established and registered on the 15th of August 1996 with the High Court in Pretoria.
In short, if you're paying tax, without any hope to ever get out of the tax trap, you are stupid – or rather, your accountant is stupid. But if you continue using that "good" accountant ... with all due respect ... you're the stupid one!
Obviously I'm not going to quote the applicable sections of the Income Tax Act here because I'm not going to train ignorant accountants. I'll rather introduce you to good, effective, registered specialists. They travel the world with me to attend all my investment seminars. If you want to meet them, come to the seminar and let me introduce them to you ... before 28 February 2019!
Just imagine ... a tax free world!