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local fauna expressions (part one)
When I come home after a long day's hay-feverish work, I often give my eyes a good rub and suffer the mascara-smeared consequences. [Incidentally, the second syllable in mascara sounds like care in (most northern, at least) AmE and like AmE car in (most south-eastern, at least) BrE.] When Better Half sees me after my eye-rubbing catharsis, he'll say something like "Hello, panda eyes." But in my AmE dialect, what I have are raccoon eyes. Think of a black-eye-masked animal in the US, and one naturally thinks of a raccoon. Think of one in the UK, and the panda more readily comes to mind. [Raccoon eyes is also the informal, and descriptive, name of a medical condition--bilateral periorbital ecchymosis.]
This got me thinking on the theme of animal expressions that don't work in other dialects because the animal isn't native to other dialect's area. I'm finding it easier to think of AmE expressions that don't translate into BrE. For instance, while the hedgehog is a native species in Britain, there don't seem to be any hedgehog-based clichés. So, I'm going to cheat a little and offer pissed/drunk/tight as a newt, meaning 'extremely intoxicated'. There are newts in America, but (a) they are different genera than the newts in Britain and (b) salamander is, in my experience, the more common way of referring to them in AmE. (But this may differ in parts of the US with different kinds of newts.) According to Red Herrings and White Elephants by Albert Jack, the newts in pissed as a newt weren't originally animals, but young men who were hired to watch gentlemen's horses while they were out on the town. The gentlemen would return from their libations to find that the "newts" had tippled too. However, there's no record of this sense of newt in the OED and Partridge's Concise Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English says the phrase probably comes from Army officers' slang. Is Albert Jack a quack? (For some clues as to the answer to this question, see Arnold Zwicky's post at Language Log.)
Martin Willett, in the glossary of his Debate Unlimited website, notes that as a newt doesn't need a word meaning 'drunk' in order to convey drunkenness:
Pissed as a newt and pissed as a fart; expressions of extreme drunkeness. The ending "as a newt" can be added to other expressions to express the concept of drunkness e.g. "Did you see Caroline Aherne receive her award last night, she looked, er, relaxed... as a newt."
On the internet, one also finds cute as a newt (a few times). Since this is on the Urban Dictionary and MySpace, we might suppose it's a recently coined phrase. It doesn't mean 'drunkenly cute', but something more akin to AmE cute as a bug.
Both these BrE phrases can be compared to drunk as a skunk, which involves a North American animal, but nevertheless is said in Britain as well. Like cute as a newt, we can presume that it's caught on in large part because it rhymes--not because of any lack of sobreity in skunks or because of the inherent attractiveness of newts.
This one phrase has taken rather longer than expected, so I'll leave the rest of the American animals for tomorrow (or thereabouts). Stay tuned...
Labels: animals , idioms
dearieme 21 October, 2006 09:09
Here's a Telegraph comment on some Harvard scolarship: Consider some lines in Henry VI concerning a soldier who "fought so long till that his thighs with darts/ Were almost like a sharp-quilled porcupine". According to Greenblatt, "Shakespeare himself had in all likelihood not served in the wars and had never seen a soldier's thighs pierced with arrows, but as a country boy, he had almost certainly seen his share of sharp-quilled porcupines."
lynneguist 21 October, 2006 12:14
Nice quotation, but it doesn't really count in my quest for local fauna idioms because (a) there are porcupines in N America too (though to be fair, they're in a different family), and (b) it's not an idiom, it's a quotation. That is to say, it's something Shakespeare wrote, but not something that's a set phrase used generally by speakers of the dialect. Still, nice quotation.
Of course, I cheated with newt and counted pissed as a newt even though there are newts on both continents--but there we did have an idiom and different ways of referring to them in the two countries.
Last night I couldn't think of a way to test whether newt is more common in the UK than salamander and vice versa for the US; if you search newt on the internet you get Newt Gingrich, nicknames for towns named Newton, acronyms for companies/products, etc. But today I thought of a test: searching the phrase catching ~s. It seems to work pretty well. Just to be safe, I specified that the newt ones couldn't have Gingrich in them (this didn't make a big difference). The only problem (as ever) is that one can't search US-only sites because it's the country without a country-specific URL suffix. But comparing these phrases between .uk sites and rest-of-world (not .uk) sites, we get:
UK: catching newts = 109
catching salamanders = 3
RoW: catching newts = 472
catching salamanders = 746
So, I think it's fair to call newt and salamander 'dialectal' words--at least as far as speaker's preferences for one over the other go.
And before you tell me that newts and salamanders are different things, note the following from Caudata Culture:
Surprisingly, there is no really meaningful difference [between newts and salamanders]. The distinction is more historic than scientific. Newts are a subgroup of salamanders. All newts are salamanders, but not all salamanders are newts.
So, you could call a newt a salamander, but in the UK, one generally doesn't.
"there are porcupines in N America too": "too"?
Oh, if it's folk wisdom you want: "You'll wait until the kye come home". But that's cheating, isn't it?
Ah, ok, your point (and the Telegraph's--the link would've been helpful!) with regard to Greenblatt is that Shakespeare wouldn't have seen a porcupine. That's probably true--he's probably referring to a non-local animal.
But...there is another possibility. there is evidence of porcupine being used to refer to hedgehogs (and one sense of porcupine in many dictionaries is 'an animal that has quills similar to a porcupine's'). Not evidence from Shakespeare's time, but I bring it up just to get the poor hedgehog some attention.
Oh, and waiting for the kye. You could argue either way that that's cheating, but instead of doing that, I think you should start a blog about Scots English!
aidhoss 22 October, 2006 04:43
In outback Australia one often hears Aborigines speak of 'porcupines'. We don't have porcupines, or hedgehogs or any of those strange things, they use the word in reference to the echidna.
I don't think it has made it as far as the dictionary though (Kriol dikshenri, that is), it might be an isolated thing.
KathyF 22 October, 2006 11:55
Hedgehogs are also called "urchins" I read the other day.
Ian Myles Slater 22 October, 2006 22:16
One family of Porcupines is found in the Americas, and the various species of another porcupine are native to various parts of Asia, Africa, and, explaining Shakespeare's reference to the animal, Italy. It does not appear to have been native to any other part of Europe (in "recent" times, anyway), but apparently was well-known as part of a figure of speech.
The Wikipedia article on Porcupines has a long list of rodent groupings, showing exactly how the families and species of porcupines fit in.
Hedgehogs, which are insectivores, are exclusively old-world animals, with no obvious American counterpart. On this side of the Atlantic they seem to be familiar mainly from books, and haven't been preserved as a readily-understood figure of speech.
Doug Sundseth 23 October, 2006 19:31
For hedgehogs, I offer: "The fox has many tricks, while the hedgehog has but one. But it's a very good one." (Translated variously from Ancient Greek, IIRC.)
The metaphor seems to be pretty widespread, though I don't know whether it is more common on one side of the Atlantic.
On the issue of animal names, the North American animal called a "moose" is called an "elk" in Europe, while the North American "elk" is a "red deer" in Europe. Also, the NA "caribou" is the same species as the European "reindeer".
Thanks for all of the useful comments. Forgot to look up the thing I needed to look up at work today (it was a whale of a day, to use an animal expression). So part 2 is still delayed!
Paul 05 December, 2006 16:19
In the software-industry you have skunk works which, as an informal term, is the programming which the programmers do when they look like they're working on a company-project but are actually creating a system they enjoy writing. Employers have understandably discouraged such activity, but it's said that some good software has been published after the developers somehow fessed up to what work they had been doing instead of official projects.
At one software firm where I worked, some of our customers got to know our products so well that they were able to look at the otherwise hidden parts of our code (programming language) and figure out what skunk works our developers were up to. They would then formally ask for such functionality to be offered in the published software, though without blowing our programmers' cover.
Our people would then magnanimously accede to the request but postpone the release of the skunk works for a decent interval. That way, they hoped, management wouldn't rumble that the code had already been clandestinely written.
I once set up a company's intranet as skunk works and was suitably thanked for it. It could well be that a lot of the development of the internet has been skunk works, where people controlling magnetic storage and telecommunications-links have informally made spare connection-capacity available for sending around all the whacky web-stuff we know and love.
There is, I believe, a formal meaning of skunk works which refers to secret, customarily defence-related, projects.
Given my idiosyncratic (but 100% valid and worthwhile) habit of hyphenating compound-nouns, I have to exercise huge restraint in not hyphenating this expression.
Different from skunk works software is a beta release. This is software that hasn't been fully tested by the programmers but which they offer to their braver or more foolhardy users so that they can see if they can break it. Some wag once said that it was so-named because beta is Greek for "doesn't work properly".
Meanwhile, over in the marketing-departments of software (and other) companies, there are people paid to write weasel words, whose role it is to (erm) portray the products and services in the best possible light.
Of course, software can have bugs in it, which has come in to BrE principally to mean such a programming-error. There is not, as far as I can tell, a widely-used BrE bug meaning a small creature. BTW, bugs are confused with viruses. The former are accidental (or caused by negligence), the latter deliberate. As well as helping spread viruses, the internet is inhabited by spiders and worms. And, of course, the web itself implies arachnid origins.
Conspiracy-theorists suggest that both web and net are so-called because they are designed to ensnare the innocent and unwary. The ingenuity of one species (spider, man) is used to construct a physical means of trapping animate prey (flies, fish).
Perhaps an explorer will one day discover a fearsome animal in remotest Peru which the local folk call a /blɔg/.
Bug traditionally in BrE referred only to the bedbug, Cimex lectularius, whereas in AmE it can be any insect or indeed any bacterium.
There is a story that an American staying in England told his host that he had "killed a bug with a billiard cue", which the Englishman took as a slander on the cleanliness of his house.
steve 21 July, 2009 13:26
Re Pissed as a Newt.
In traditional cider making in the south west of England, a frog was put into the barrel before it was sealed to finish the drink off. The frog was removed after a few weeks, still alive (indeed, it was suggested that the creatures longevity had been increased by the experience. This is a possible souce for the phrase.
MrTumshie 07 April, 2012 21:28
My Mum has an expression for people trying to con someone- "They're no feart the coos get them" but I have never heard it from anyone else even here in Fife, so I'd be astonished if it is known in the US.
I have no idea why it means what it does either.
Smylers 26 February, 2016 15:41
There's a fantastic use of "as a newt" in the Yes Minister episode 'The Economy Drive', where minister Jim Hacker's advisors are briefing him on the newspaper reports of his appearance at a recent function:
Jim: Do any of them say anything other than "tired and emotional"?
Bernard: William Hickey said you were overwrought, Minister.
Jim: Just "overwrought", nothing about being drunk?
Bernard: Just "overwrought".
Sir Humphrey: "Overwrought as a newt," actually.


text:
Space Junk, or space debris, is defunct artificial objects in space, principally in Earth orbit.

Space Junk may also refer to:

Songs
 "Space Junk", by Devo from Q. Are We Not Men? A: We Are Devo!, 1978
 "Space Junk", by Helix from Rockin' in My Outer Space, 2004
 "Space Junk", by Wolfgang Gartner from Weekend in America, 2011
 "Space Junk (Wang Chung '97)", by Wang Chung from Everybody Wang Chung Tonight: Wang Chung's Greatest Hits, 1997

Other uses
 Space Junk, a 2010 artwork by Marisa Olson
 Space Junk, a 2011 novel by Rory Barnes
 Space Junk, an unfinished video game by Imagitec Design for the Atari Falcon

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Home / News / Alan Mulally
Ford wants 90% of vehicles refreshed by 2012
Jeremy Weber August 7, 2009 Comment Now!
Despite the faltering economy - or maybe because of it - Ford will be refreshing the majority of its lineup in various regions around the world over the next three years. According to the company's CFO, Lewis Booth, Ford will be refreshing as much as 90% of its vehicle lineups in North America, Asia-Pacific, Europe and Africa.
The figure of 90% refers to volume, rather than actual model numbers, indicating that Ford will be focusing on refreshing its highest selling vehicles in those various regions over the next few years. Booth explained to The Detroit News that the strategy of bringing fresh products to the market is important in strengthening Ford's bottom line, even "in the worst of economic times".
But along with new product updates that will keep the Ford lineup fresh, Booth was also keen to show off the Blue Oval's recent structural changes that have reduced costs dramatically and will hopefully see it at least break even by the end of 2011. According to Booth, by 2015 Ford will have reduced its structural costs by almost half, while new vehicle development costs will be reduced by 60%.
Along with facility and tooling costs, which are expected to drop by around 40%, the reduction in costs have largely been brought about by Ford's global strategy. By using global platforms that can be used for a number of different vehicles in different regions, Ford hopes to almost double the number of vehicles it builds from each platform in the next five years. Part of the way forward for Ford will also be to integrate more vehicles onto its global platform lineup, and by 2012 the automaker is hoping to have almost 80% of its volumes on global core platforms.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


December 6, 2002 -- Marriott Metro Center, Washington D.C. -- (by Chuck Surprise) -- SEE CLARIFICATION BELOW - The printing industry no longer tracks the overall economy. - A rising tide does NOT lift all boats. Especially not leaky boats. - Conventional Ink-On-Paper sales volume appears to be in decline. - There is huge overcapacity, even with 10,000 shops gone since 1990. The Guru Team: William Lamparter, Conference Chairman, President, PrintCom Consulting Group Charles Pesko, CEO, CAP Ventures Frank Romano, Rochester Institute of Technology School of Print Media Vincent Naselli, Director, TrendWatch Graphic Arts Andrew Paparozzi, Chief Economist, National Association for Printing Leadership Guru after guru hammered home the point that "It's NOT just the economy, Mr. Printer. Don't think that streamlining operations by reducing employees, adding more press capacity and building up your sales staff will put you in position to profit from the resumption of normal print growth when the economy bounces back." Print has been hit hard by the onslaught of new technology, competing media, and technological change. Literally billions of pages that were once printed have either gone away forever, been replaced by electronic documents, or have moved to in-house or in-plant digital production centers. While the general economy does appear to be returning to some semblance of normalcy, printing, for most companies in the business today, will not rise with this tide. Bill Lamparter, opening the morning sessions, which he termed the "Outlook of the Gurus," noted that print is being deluged by "a witch's brew of disruptive change." Like almost all businesses, print is seeing analog processes replaced by their digital equivalents. Printing quality today, in the ink-on-paper world especially, is better than ever. But despite receiving high marks for quality, print pricing is under tremendous pressure and print volume is declining. Charlie Pesko of CAP Ventures, leading off for the Gurus, pointed to trends in the industry toward consolidation and alliances, and said part of that drive is to gain the ability to provide "integrated communication services" - not just printing - to a broader range of customers. Many printers, he noted, are operating very profitably by converting the threats facing the industry into opportunities to increase their sales and profits. But the majority of printers, those still in operation, are operating with narrow or negative margins. Pesko added that his company's research shows no "back to business as usual" on the horizon, and no sustainable growth in sight for the nation's printers. Many large print buyers are reducing the number of plants they deal with to streamline their own operations, and are asking for a broader range of services from those printers who remain on their list. This trend drives the move toward strategic alliances and consolidation by printers. "One-stop shops appear to be gaining favor with some buyers." For many printers, the key to recovery may lie in diversifying products and services and adding value to work coming in. Digital Asset Management (DAM), Variable Data Printing, mailing and fulfillment services, digital printing, wide format digital printing, and design are some of the avenues being taken by shops to add value to the printed page. Process improvement is another avenue printers are following to retain sales and profit. Computer-to-Plate is a major step for many shops in streamlining workflow, lowering costs and reducing turnaround times. In addition, the Pesko noted, printers should make much better use of the Internet to communicate with their customers and offer on line quoting and tracking of appropriate work. Frank Romano, in his usual humorous style, noted that RIT is running at overflow capacity in its graphic design school - to the point where he's convinced that many of the grads should be taking classes in food service since that's where they're likely to end up being employed. Or perhaps they'll find careers at some of the thousands of small service bureaus in the market, like Kinko's, and new entries from Staples and OfficeMax, who are adding to the competitive clutter at the lower end of the digital printing food chain. Smaller printers, Romano added, are the hardest hit by the difficulties besetting the industry. According to his numbers, there were 42,115 shops in operation in 1998. In the year 2000 the total was 38,000. He predicts that tally will drop to 33,000 in 2004. And the dollar volume from actually putting ink on paper will be well down from today's (probably inaccurate) sales totals. Revenue figures available today usually don't accurately break out the source of the volume. The Professor estimates that as much as 40-45% of reported print sales dollars come from finishing, fulfillment and other non-printing operations. Based on this estimate, the $117 Billion in sales credited to print is reduced significantly. So comparisons to numbers recorded five or ten years ago may be irrelevant in measuring industry growth - again based on dollars turned for actually placing ink on paper. Another strong point of Romano's talk was that a major barrier to print growth is the cost of delivery - generally postage. Displaying a chart that showed average per-piece print costs now almost equal to postage costs, thanks to increased efficiencies in printing, he pointed out that all postal deliveries are printed (or inserted), and that costs for delivery must be reduced to allow more promotional dollars to be devoted to printing. Targeted marketing using variable data is one way to do this. But electronic delivery is an available and now widely used option. Billions of transactional documents - utility bills, credit card statements, etc. - are now delivered electronically in PDF files that can be printed by the recipients for their records. Handling and mailing costs are eliminated for the biller, the printing cost is transferred to the customer, and the printer is out of the picture. Romano, agreeing that print sales volume no longer parallels Gross Domestic Product growth, said the key indicator to watch is now advertising revenues - in particular print advertising. His studies show a close correlation between print ad revenue and print sales volume. And, ad sales have ticked upward recently - perhaps a harbinger of better days? Vince Naselli of TrendWatch, followed Romano to the microphone. Vince shared results of recent "bottom up" industry snapshots of printing, quick printing, design & production, publishing and Internet design & development. The Fall survey shows incremental improvement in printing. The survey found that 10% of printers reported business was "very bad," but 17% percent replied "excellent" and 42% "OK." Like the other panelists, the TrendWatch Director found that most survey respondents didn't recognize the fundamental changes taking place in the industry. 54% indicated that the slow economy is their biggest business challenge, followed by competition and pricing pressures. Only 3-4% viewed electronic documents as a challenge. The survey respondents saw as their major opportunities an improving general economy and adding more salespeople. Only 12% mentioned digital color printing in their top 10 lists - indicating, Naselli said, that many don't recognize the "destructive change" engulfing the print industry. Interestingly, 40% of the respondents said they were unconcerned about threats from new technology, while 19% saw the Internet as a competitor for promotional dollars. Heading the list of opportunities was implementing PDF production workflows, with 34%, while 25% turned a blind eye to all possible technology opportunities. Many printers, unfortunately, are depending solely upon a rising economy to lift their boats. Cleanup man in the Guru's lineup was NAPL Economist Andy Paparozzi. Andy came armed with a bundle of statistical information which largely bore out the research and observations of his predecessors on the program. He was a bit more optimistic about the coming year, however, projecting industry growth of 4.7-5.2% -- assuming no setbacks in the war on terrorism. He had originally posted some even more optimistic numbers, but recently revised them downward. But even this growth, Paparozzi noted, is not going to get the industry's sales back to pre-recession levels. The basis for the NAPL's good cheer was a two-month streak of rising sales reported by the organization's Printing Business Panel. October sales rose 3.1% and November did even better at 4.0%. The gains followed 15 consecutive monthly declines. 43.4% of the respondents in the NAPL survey reported that prices were lower in October than they were a year ago for an identical order. Pre-tax profitability was also down in the month for 41.2% of the large survey group. The organization's Printing Business Index?, a "basket of indicators," dropped slightly in November, after three positive months. So, the signals are mixed for the September-November period. NAPL's stats also bear out other panelists' observations about print growth lagging the GDP. The fall off for print began in 1996, and has fallen steeply away from the GDP curve since 1998, the most recent "golden year" for the printing industry. We'll delve more deeply into the NAPL data and deal in greater detail with other presenters in subsequent installments. But Day One of Print Outlook 2003 - the Day of The Gurus, was both interesting and enlightening. Erratum: TrendWatch Data for PRINT OUTLOOK 03 by Chuck Surprise The TrendWatch survey quoted in our Thursday, December 5 article titled "PRINT OUTLOOK 03: Consensus of the Gurus" came from a very large group of respondents; not, as the article stated, "from a relatively small sampling of the industry." The TWGA Fall results from the Printing, Publishing and Design and Production surveys alone present data from over 1500 responses from 750 mail surveys. Added to this are data from the TWGA Benchmark study results of over 10,000 mail surveys with over 1,000 responses. All totaled TWGA mailed over 50,000 surveys with approximately 8,000 responses in 2002. The TrendWatch market surveys are the only standing research that goes to this degree in the industry as far as we are aware. The paragraph in question, otherwise accurate, read: Vince Naselli of TrendWatch, followed Romano to the microphone. Vince shared results of recent "bottom up" industry snapshots of printing, quick printing, design & production, publishing and Internet design & development. The Fall survey shows incremental improvement in printing, but from a relatively small sampling of the industry. The survey did find that more printers (10%) reported business was "very bad," but 17% percent replied "excellent" and 42% "OK." *** This article was provided to WhatTheyThink.com via special arrangement with Chuck Surprise of PrintOnDemand.com.


For a full 20 years, the full picture aboutwhat happened, and did not happen, inand around the supposed UN safe area inthe town of Srebrenica in Bosnia-Herzegovinain July 1995 has been suppressed.Its time to lift the fog of secrecyand disinformation.This short info-book is based on the work of various American, British, Dutch, Serbian andBosnian Muslim experts engaged in analyzing or investigating the events in Srebrenica over thepast 20 years, media reports, and testimony of persons directly involved or affected.
in July 1995 has been suppressed.
This short info-book is based on the work of various American, British, Dutch, Serbian and Bosnian Muslim experts engaged in analyzing or investigating the events in Srebrenica over the past 20 years, media reports, and testimony of persons directly involved or affected.
The 20th anniversary of the fall of the Srebrenica enclave in Bosnia and Herzegovina, in July 2015, is an important occasion. This brief fact book is dedicated to all those who are interested in truth, rather than politicization. After 20 years, it is time to take a hard look at the facts, and facts only. This is especially important not just from the standpoint of seeking the truth, but also because the Srebrenica events have become not just a local, or even a regional, but a globally important issue, one that consistently attracts broad mass-media coverage, stirs political controversy and serves as an instrument of political destabilization.
the Yugoslav civil war, on U.S. insistence. However, an equally important task is to demonstrate what has not been established and yet continues to be (mis)treated as fact, on the basis of which far-reaching political assessments and decisions are made.
What are the basic principles behind this publication?
- After almost 20 years of work, indictments, testimonies, trials and millions of pages of evidence, the ICTY has still not succeeded in establishing the truth. About the only success the ICTY can claim is that it has managed, by questionable means, to label the Srebrenica events genocide without adequate evidence, and using highly questionable legal reasoning.
best way to halt further ugly politicization and (ab)use of this tragic event, as well as to finally bring peace to its true victims, on all sides of the conflict, and satisfaction to the true victims families, with whom all well meaning people share their pain. For, a crime certainly did take place in Srebrenica, and only its full and complete resolution would allow everyone to openly and fully deal with the past, reconcile and finally move on.
This publication is a contribution towards that end, an effort to facilitate the establishment of the full truth regarding what happened in Srebrenica, and not just in 1995, in the hope that it will be of use to the media, the general public, policy makers and all those with the power to undertake appropriate measures to finally deal with this international problem and put it in its proper perspective without manipulation, abuse of facts, or ulterior motives.
1. According to judgments issued by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), how many people were killed in Srebrenica in July 1995?
The Memorial Center in Potocari, near Srebrenica, lists the number of 8,372 victims.
According to the Bosnian Atlas of Crime, issued by the Center for Research and Documentation in Sarajevo, 6,886 people were killed in and around Srebrenica in July 1995; however, a separate table published by the Center lists 4,256 killed and 2,673 missing Bosnian Muslims (it is evident here that the numbers dont add up).
The ICTY judgment in the case of Bosnian Serb general Radislav Krstic cites the figure of 7,000-8,000 people (Trial Judgment, par. 487).
The ICTY judgment in the case of Bosnian Serb colonel Vujadin Popovic, states: The Trial Chamber has found that, from 12 July until late July 1995, several thousand Bosnian Muslim men were executed (Trial Judgment, par. 793). The Chamber further stated that it found that at least 5,336 identified individuals were killed in the executions following the fall of Srebrenica, and this number could well be as high as 7,826 (Trial Judgment, footnote 2862).
In the ICTY judgment in the case of Bosnian Serb general Zdravko Tolimir, the figure of 4,970 victims is given (Appeals Judgment, par. 426).
Thus, not only do the figures offered and supposedly ascertained by the ICTY consistently vary, they also conveniently blur the distinction between casualties that were a) indeed victims of executions, b) those that died from other causes, either combat with Serbian forces, natural causes, as a result of suicide, battle or infighting between Muslim forces themselves, and c) those that are still missing and whose exact fate is unknown. Only those under a) can be considered to be victims of war crimes. Yet, all these victim categories are lumped together under a common figure, in order to inflate it sufficiently to warrant the genocide claim.
Conclusion: neither the ICTY nor any other institution has, as of July 2015, precisely determined the number of executed prisoners. In addition, victims of execution, casualties of battle, infighting, suicide, those that died of natural causes, and those missing are consistently being lumped together. The precise number of executed victims has yet to be established and they alone can in this situation be classified as victims of a war crime.
2. How many persons have been actually convicted by the ICTY as direct perpetrators or accomplices in prisoner executions in and around Srebrenica in July 1995?
The only person convicted by the ICTY as a direct perpetrator of crime in Srebrenica is not a Serb, but a Bosnian Croat, Drazen Erdemovic, identified as a member of the 10th Sabotage Unit within the Bosnian Serb army, who was convicted in 1998 for participating in the deaths of hundreds of Bosnian Muslim male civilians, the exact number of which has not been ascertained (Sentencing Judgment, March 5, 1998) and sentenced to exactly 5 years. This absurdly low sentence was passed after Erdemovic made a deal with the ICTY Office of the Prosecutor, on the basis of his own testimony, which he changed several times, and on the condition that he testifies against Serb indictees whenever the ICTY summoned him. Another part of the deal was that Erdemovic was granted protected witness status, on the basis of which he was given a new identity and residence in an unnamed Western country.
By his own admission, Erdemovic fought on all three sides of the Bosnian conflict: the Bosnian Muslim army, the Bosnian Croat army and the Bosnian Serb army. Additionally detrimental to his credibility is the fact that, after conducting a psychiatric exam, the ICTY pronounced Erdemovic mentally impaired and unfit for further trial on June 27, 1996. Yet, only several days later, on July 5, 1996, Erdemovic, still formally under indictment, appeared as a witness of the Prosecution in the process against Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadzic and commander of the Bosnian Serb army, General Ratko Mladic. Even though the ICTY had just deemed Erdemovic unfit to be questioned, the unverified and unchallenged (and unchallengeable) testimony of this sick man and mass killer still facing his own trial and sentencing (Prof. Edward Herman) was used to issue arrest warrants for Karadzic and Mladic.
Erdemovic was initially arrested by Yugoslav authorities on March 3, 1996, and almost immediately indicted, but was turned over to the ICTY under U.S. and ICTY pressure and on his own insistence on March 30, 1996.
Erdemovics contradictory and inconsistent testimony has been analyzed and exposed in detail in the book Star Witness, by Germinal Chivikov, a Bulgarian journalist who reported on the trial in the ICTY for German state radio Deutsche Welle.
One of the key matters that discredit Erdemovic is the fact that, on the very location where he testified that he participated in the execution of about 1,200 prisoners, ICTY forensic teams unearthed a total of 127 remains of potential victims, of which 70 with blindfolds and/or ligatures, which would indicate death by execution.
Nevertheless, this glaring inconsistency did not prevent the ICTY from continuing to use Erdemovic as its star witness regarding Srebrenica.
Also, Erdemovic was not even able to confirm before the ICTY the exact date of the massacre in which he allegedly participated, alternatively offering both July 16 and July 20, 1995, as the possible dates.
Erdemovic could not even offer consistent testimony regarding the rank he held at the time of his alleged crime, alternatively claiming that he was either a sergeant or had been demoted to ordinary private.
Finally, to this day, Erdemovic cannot remember who issued the order for the executions in which he allegedly took part. In his version, it was some lieutenant-colonel, who has still not been identified after almost 20 years.
Some, but not all of Erdemovics named accomplices were subsequently convicted, but not by the ICTY, but by the Bosnia-Herzegovina War Crimes Court in 2012.
Franc Kos, Stanko Kojic, Vlastimir Golijan and Zoran Goronja were sentenced to varying prison terms for executions carried out at the Branjevo farm. What is especially interesting is the fact that neither they nor any of the other seven accomplices, or two superiors in the chain of command named by Erdemovic, were ever indicted by the ICTY or even called to testify as witnesses, probably because the ICTY was unwilling to run the risk of hearing testimonies that would contradict that of its star witness. Think about it: the accomplices in what is alleged to be the gravest crime in post-WW II Europe have never been a subject of interest by the international tribunal in charge of the case. This would be akin to any criminal court ignoring all the participants in a group killing, and issuing a warrant for the arrest and interrogation of only one member of the group, without being interested in hearing testimony from the other accomplices.
Erdemovic and his accomplices were members of a Bosnian Serb military unit, the 10th Sabotage Detachment, a multi-ethnic unit comprising Serbs, Croats, Muslims and a Slovenian, whose chain-of-command links with the Bosnian Serb army have never been established, and whose members were, according to testimony before the ICTY, on a 10-day leave from service at the time the alleged executions took place. A number of the unit members were clearly mercenaries, engaged by French interests in Africa after the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Erdemovic himself testified to having received up to 12 kilos of gold for certain services rendered, which is simply not the way that regular military units operate.
3. What judgments has the ICTY passed against others sentenced for crimes or genocide in Srebrenica?
Dragan Obrenovic (2003), sentenced to a 17-year prison term for persecution of the Muslim population of Srebrenica, after a plea bargain with the Prosecution.
Vidoje Blagojevic (2005), as accessory to murder, persecution and inhumane treatment, sentenced to 15 years in prison.
Dragan Jokic (2005), as accessory to extermination and crimes against humanity, sentenced to 9 years in prison.
Vujadin Popovic (2010), for genocide and crimes against humanity, life sentence.
Ljubisa Beara (2010), for genocide and crimes against humanity, life sentence.
Drago Nikolic (2010), as accessory to genocide and crimes against humanity, sentenced to 35 years in prison.
Radivoje Miletic (2010), for crimes against humanity and violation of the laws or customs of war, sentenced to 18 years in prison.
Vinko Pandurevic (2010), for crimes against humanity and violation of the laws or customs of war, sentenced to 13 years in prison.
Ljubisa Borovcanin (2010), for crimes against humanity and violation of the laws or customs of war, sentenced to 17 years in prison.
None of the above individuals was either accused or convicted of executing war prisoners, but on the basis of command responsibility and the controversial Joint Criminal Enterprise (JCE) doctrine developed by the ICTY, for which the legal experts have adopted an apt translation: Just Convict Everybody. Using this convenient legal device, the ICTY has been able to convict even people who had no knowledge of crimes having been committed, much less having participated in them, or having given orders for them.
4. After almost 20 years of trial proceedings, has the ICTY established who gave the orders for the execution of prisoners of war?
No. In his separate and partly dissenting opinion in the Appeals Judgment in the Tolimir case (April 2015), Appeals Chamber judge Jean-Claude Antonetti wrote that, if any of the victims family members were to ask him who ordered the executions and why, he would be unable to answer (Appeals Judgment, p. 400). No other ICTY judge has challenged this assessment.
In addition to this, there is another widely publicized testimony that simply must not be ignored if we are to place the entire Srebrenica tragedy in a proper context, and try, in good faith, to get to its root causes.
1999, par. 115.] Meholjic continues to claim to this day that he was one of nine witnesses that heard Izetbegovic say this, and that this was an offer directly communicated to Izetbegovic by then U.S. President Bill Clinton. Perhaps this is why another wartime Srebrenica leader, Ibran Mustafic, on the occasion of Clintons 2003 visit to Srebrenica, stated that it was a case of the criminal returning to the scene of his crime.
5. How many bodies have been buried thus far at the Potocari Memorial Center near Srebrenica, the cemetery reserved for the Muslim victims from July 1995?
As of 2015, approximately 6,300 names have been buried at the cemetery (making substantial progress toward the number of 8,372 inscribed on the Memorial monument, although the basis for this figure is unclear). The burial procedure is completely controlled by the Institute for Missing Persons of Bosnia-Herzegovina, based in Sarajevo, and the Muslim religious authorities who, under the pretext of respect for religious rules and prescriptions, have not allowed any third party access to the contents of the coffins, just as they have not allowed any independent examination of the interred remains. This means that even ICTY indictees defense teams have been denied access to independent confirmation of the identity of the human remains buried in Potocari.
There are other families that have avoided speaking out, but who have quietly, at their own expense, buried their loved ones in other places, outside of Potocari. There are also people buried in Potocari who were not killed in 1995, who were soldiers or commanders. They are buried in Potocari, and their monuments are the same as those of the people who were indeed killed in July 1995. Also buried there are those killed in internecine or other types of battles. That was the dirtiest war, waged by Mafiosi, not by normal people.
For a long time, Srebrenica has been an object of manipulation, and the chief manipulator is Amor Masovic (president of the Commission for Search of the Missing of the B-H Federation), whose plan was to live off the victims of Srebrenica for the next 500 years. There are also many others, who were close to Izetbegovic, who as early as the summer of 1992 started their project of maximally pumping up the numbers of Bosnian victims.
6. Has it been definitely ascertained that all the bodies buried at the Potocari Memorial Center are Srebrenica victims?
No. Other than forensic personnel of the ICTY and the ICMP (International Commission on Missing Persons) in Tuzla, under the control of the U.S. Government, no one has access to the bodies or the right to independently verify them.
Demographic data and ICTY judgments fail to mention combat casualties among the 28th Division of the Bosnian Muslim army which had been based in the Srebrenica demilitarized zone during the previous three years during its breakout through Bosnian Serb army lines toward the northern Bosnian city of Tuzla in mid-July 1995. On the average, UN reports and other competent sources estimate the number of these battle casualties to be around 3,000. It must be emphasized that these deaths, while doubtlessly tragic, are casualties of war and cannot be classified as victims of war crimes.
Mirsad Tokaca, director of the Information and Documentation Center in Sarajevo, stated in 2010 that about 500 living residents of Srebrenica, previously classified as missing, have been found, along with 70 persons buried at the Potocari Memorial Centre, who were not killed in Srebrenica.
Ibran Mustafic, a Bosnian Muslim official from Srebrenica, has stated that about 1,000 people were killed in internecine battles during their withdrawal from Srebrenica in July 1995.
In his book, Srebrenica Testifies and Accuses (1994, pp. 190-244), commander of the Muslim forces in Srebrenica, Naser Oric published the names of 1,333 men from the supposedly demilitarized Srebrenica enclave who were killed in battles prior to the fall of Srebrenica in July 1995, when Orics units regularly launched murderous raids on surrounding Serb villages. Yet, many of these have been classified and buried as genocide victims.
Director of the Potocari Memorial Center, Mersed Smajlovic, and director of the Center for Missing Persons of Bosnia-Herzegovina, Amor Masovic, have admitted that about 50 persons who were killed in 1992, but who are closely related to persons classified as execution victims, are buried in the Potocari Memorial Center cemetery.
Former Srebrenica police chief Hakija Meholjic has stated that he is angry at all those responsible for the burial of 75 people who were not killed in July 1995 in the Potocari Memorial Center cemetery.
American Philip Corwin, the highest ranked UN civil official on the ground in Bosnia-Herzegovina in July 1995, has consistently claimed over the years that 700-800 people were executed in the vicinity of Srebrenica at that time.
Yossef Bodansky, Director of the Congressional Task Force on Terrorism and Unconventional Warfare of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1988 to 2004, has referred to the figure of 7,000 Srebrenica victims as disinformation, adding that all independent forensic evidence points to Muslim casualties in the hundreds, possibly the low hundreds. Continued emphasis on such allegedly high numbers of Muslim deaths at Srebrenica also obfuscates the Muslim murders in that city, earlier, of Serb civilians.
7. How many people were killed in battles around Srebrenica in July 1995?
ICTY expert witness Richard Butler has estimated that about 2,000 Bosnian Muslim fighters were killed; Portuguese officer and UN observer Carlos Martins Branco also estimates 2,000 Bosnian Muslim fighters killed; U.S. National Security Agency analyst John Schindler gives an estimate of 5,000 Bosnian Muslim fighters killed; former UN and EU envoy and high official Carl Bildt gives an estimate of 4,000 Bosnian Muslim fighters killed in his memoirs; the UN has estimated the number of Bosnian Muslim fighters killed to be around 3,000. All these estimates invariably point to the fact that a significant number of missing persons on the Bosnian Muslim side who are nevertheless consistently being labeled by Western officials and media as genocide victims were killed in battle, as legitimate casualties of war, not as victims of genocidal executions.
8. According to forensic evidence gathered under ICTY supervision, how many persons have been identified as indisputable victims of executions carried out in July 1995?
- in order to gain the closest estimate of the number of bodies among the 3,568 cases, a method was used by which left and right thigh bones (femurs) were matched, giving a total of 1919 right femurs and 1923 left femurs, which means that the total number of bodies was under 2,000.
To sum up: original forensic reports, produced under ICTY supervision and control between 1996-2001, indicate the presence of less than 2,000 bodies. However, upon closer examination, it is clear that most of the bodies represent victims of battle or other undetermined causes of death rather than execution victims.
Since 2002, mass grave exhumation and body identification has been under the exclusive control of the State Department-founded and Western-financed International Commission on Missing Persons (ICMP) and the Commission for Missing Persons of Bosnia-Herzegovina. No one from the general public, independent media or any independent expert organization has ever been allowed independent access to the working area of the main forensic laboratory in Tuzla, where the data is processed, nor is the work conducted there transparent and open to independent international verification.
The personnel of these organizations have radically expanded the scope of their exhumation work since 2002, extending it to a broad regional area around Srebrenica, without distinguishing between graves of potential execution victims and those containing the remains of battle casualties incurred by the 28th Division of the Bosnian Muslim army in battles against Bosnian Serb forces, during their push toward Bosnian Muslim-controlled territory.
Finally, with great media fanfare, another methodology designed to arrive at the widely publicized figure of 8,000 genocide victims has been adopted during the past several years the effort to match DNA samples of exhumed victims and their family members. As a result, graves containing human remains of various type and origin, often far removed from any sort of war crime, are now being used as unlimited repositories of genocide victims whose remains are ceremonially buried by the hundreds each July 11 in the Potocari Memorial Center cemetery.
The ICMP does not concern itself with whether -- with the legal question of how these people were killed or -- particularly with whether their deaths were lawful or not. I'm reporting on the identifications that have been made with regard to mortal remains recovered from these graves (Karadzic trial, transcript, p. 26633).
of criminal investigation and, especially, the legal qualification of the cause of death. Nothing can replace sound, responsible, independently verifiable forensics.
The ICMP has claimed that a total of about 6,600 missing persons have been identified by name, through the method of DNA matching. For its part, the ICTY has implicitly accepted this number to represent the number of execution victims. If such a list of names does exist, no one has been able to see it or was allowed to trace its origins. Defense teams of Srebrenica-related indictees before the ICTY have been denied the right to independently verify the existence of such persons, and to investigate whether these persons are in fact deceased, or may still be living.
Regardless of all these considerations, Western media and political interests have continued to try to impose the equation: DNA-based identification = genocide victim. This simply is not true.
9. How many Serbs from Srebrenica and its vicinity were killed by Bosnian Muslim forces operating from Srebrenica between spring 1992 and July 1995?
According to data provided in the study Serbian Victims of Srebrenica, 1992-1995, conducted under strict criteria in accordance with accepted international legal standards for defining civilian victims, and published by the Dutch-based NGO Srebrenica Historical Project, 705 Serb civilians were killed on the territory of Srebrenica during that time period. It must be emphasized that this number is not final.
The Institute for Research of Serb Suffering in the 20th Century has published a list of names of over 3,200 total Serb victims of Bosnian Muslim forces operating under the command of Srebrenica commander Naser Oric between 1992-1995, covering the area of the municipalities of Zvornik, Osmaci, Sekovici, Vlasenica, Milici, Bratunac and Srebrenica.
10. Has anyone been convicted by the ICTY for these crimes against the Serb population?
1. SREBRENICA, Bosnia: Nasir Oric's war trophies don't line the wall of his comfortable apartment-- one of the few with electricity in this besieged Muslim enclave stuck in the forbidding mountains of eastern Bosnia. They're on a videocassette tape: burned Serb houses and headless Serb men, their bodies crumpled in a pathetic heap.
We had to use cold weapons that night, Oric explains as scenes of dead men sliced by knives roll over his 21-inch Sony. This is the house of a Serb named Ratso, he offers as the camera cuts to a burned-out ruin. He killed two of my men, so we torched it. Tough luck.
Reclining on an overstuffed couch, clothed head to toe in camouflage fatigues, a U.S. Army patch proudly displayed over his heart, Oric gives the impression of a lion in his den. For sure, the Muslim commander is the toughest guy in this town, which the U.N. Security Council has declared a protected safe area.
2. Oric, as blood-thirsty a warrior as ever crossed a battlefield, escaped Srebrenica before it fell. Some believe he may be leading the Bosnian Muslim forces in the nearby enclaves of Zepa and Gorazde. Last night these forces seized armored personnel carriers and other weapons from U.N. peacekeepers in order to better protect themselves.
Oric is a fearsome man, and proud of it.
I met him in January, 1994, in his own home in Serb-surrounded Srebrenica.
On a cold and snowy night, I sat in his living room watching a shocking video version of what might have been called Nasir Orics Greatest Hits.
There were burning houses, dead bodies, severed heads, and people fleeing.
Oric grinned throughout, admiring his handiwork.
We ambushed them, he said when a number of dead Serbs appeared on the screen.
The next sequence of dead bodies had been done in by explosives: We launched those guys to the moon, he boasted.
When footage of a bullet-marked ghost town appeared without any visible bodies, Oric hastened to announce: We killed 114 Serbs there.
Later there were celebrations, with singers with wobbly voices chanting his praises.
Neither these nor other, much more graphic and direct witness testimonies, were deemed sufficient by the ICTY to convict Oric.
11. Was Srebrenica truly demilitarized, in line with its UN Protected Area status?
"In recent months, government forces have considerably increased their military activity in and around most safe areas, and many of them, including Sarajevo, Tuzla, and Bihac, have been incorporated into the broader military campaign of the government's side The government also maintains a substantial number of troops in Srebrenica (in this case a violation of a demilitarization agreement) Gorazde and Zepa, while Sarajevo is the location of the General Command of the government army and other military installations.
It is a fact that the Bosnian government forces have used the safe areas [that were supposed to be demilitarized] of not only Srebrenica, but Sarajevo, Tuzla, Bihac, Gorazde for training, recuperation and refurbishing their troops.
The supposed demilitarisation in the enclave was virtually a dead letter. The Bosnian army (ABiH) followed a deliberate strategy of using limited military actions to tie up a relatively large part of the manpower of the Bosnian Serbian army (VRS) to prevent it from heading in full force for the main area around Sarajevo. This was also done from the Srebrenica enclave. ABiH troops had no qualms about breaking all the rules in skirmishes with the VRS. They provoked fire by the Bosnian Serbs and then sought cover with a Dutchbat unit which then ran the risk of being caught between two fires.
12. What was the comparative strength of the Bosnian Serb forces around Srebrenica and the Bosnian Muslim forces inside the demilitarized zone in the Srebrenica enclave at the beginning of July 1995?
The Norwegian documentary film, Srebrenica: a Town Betrayed, directed by Ola Flyum and David Hebditch (2011) provides the figure of 400 Bosnian Serb army regulars, plus about 1,600 armed locals.
other reports that up to 1,500 Serbs were involved in the assault, Evans cited intelligence estimates that the main attack was carried out by a force of about 200, with five tanks. According to one of his unnamed intelligence sources: It was a pretty low-level operation, but for some reason which we cant understand the BiH (government) soldiers didnt put up much of a fight. This description of a pretty low-level operation stands in marked contrast to the co-ordinated campaign of genocide suggested by later coverage.
As for the strength of Bosnian Muslim forces, the Norwegian documentary speaks of their numbering about 5,500 soldiers.
Muslim General Sefer Halilovic has testified at the ICTY that there were at least 5,500 Bosnian Muslim Army soldiers in Srebrenica after it had obtained the safe area status, and that he had personally arranged numerous deliveries of sophisticated weapons by helicopter.
This is corroborated by John Schindler, former chief analyst for Bosnia-Herzegovina at the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA), who stated in the Norwegian documentary that the demilitarized zone in Srebrenica was being armed by way of black flights, which UN forces were powerless to stop, as the air space over Bosnia-Herzegovina was under NATO, i.e. U.S. control.
With hindsight there are no indications that the increased activity of the VRS in East Bosnia at the beginning of July 1995 was aimed at anything more than a reduction of the safe area Srebrenica and an interception of the main road to Zepa. The plan of campaign was drawn up on 2 July. The attack commenced on 6 July. It was so successful and so little resistance was offered that it was decided late in the evening of 9 July to press on and to see whether it was possible to take over the entire enclave.
13. What is the main argumentation behind the Western-inspired assertion that genocide took place in Srebrenica?
The first major judgment of the ICTY, which made the greatest contribution to the construction of the official version, according to which genocide was committed in Srebrenica in July 1995, was in the case of Bosnian Serb army general Radislav Krstic, brought in August 2001.
Krstic had personally given orders that Bosnian Muslim civilians were not to be harmed. His conviction was based on the grounds that he had participated in a criminal enterprise, the capture of Srebrenica.
But if the Krstic case stands for anything, it stands for the fact that genocide did not occur at Srebrenica. And the Courts conclusion that it did can only be considered a legal form of propaganda and another contribution to the spreading impression of the Tribunal as more a political tool than a juridical institution, to paraphrase its most famous defendant.
The Tribunals claim that genocide occurred at Srebrenica was not supported by the facts it found or by the law it cited. Even the Trial Chambers conclusion that Bosnian Serb forces executed several thousand Bosnian Muslim men [with the] total number of victims likely to be within the range of 7,000 -8,000 men was not supported by its explicit findings. The number of bodies exhumed amounted to only 2,028, and the Chamber conceded that even a number of these had died in combat, in fact going so far as to say that the evidence only suggested that the majority of those killed had not been killed in combat: The results of the forensic investigations suggest that the majority of bodies exhumed were not killed in combat; they were killed in mass executions.
As far as I know, what happened there does not fit the description or definition of genocide and I think that the decision to call this genocide was adopted for political reasons.
14. Did a Republika Srpska Government Commission truly admit genocide in its 2004 Report?
No. In its report, the Commission used the term genocide only in quoting the ICTY judgment against Bosnian Serb army general Radislav Krstic. The Commission did not accept the figure of 8,000 executed prisoners, instead concluding that there was a list of 7,108 names of persons reported as missing between July 10-19, 1995. The Commission also did not state that all the persons on the list were killed or missing. Instead, it stated that the list contains persons killed in war operations prior to 1995, as well as those that died of natural causes, while others were found to have changed their identity and place of residence, or to be serving prison sentences for criminal activity.
The Bosnian Serbs actually did put out a report on Srebrenica in September 2002, but this report was rejected by Paddy Ashdown for failing to come up with the proper conclusions. He therefore forced a further report by firing a stream of Republica Srpska politicians and analysts, threatening the RS government, and eventually extracting a report prepared by people who would come to the officially approved conclusions. This report, issued on June 11, 2004, was then greeted in the Western media as a meaningful validation of the official line-the refrain was, the Bosnian Serbs admit the massacre, which should finally settle any questions.
As a reminder, according to general and international law, acts committed under coercion cannot be considered to be legitimate.
After 20 years, for all the media attention and limelight, the only conclusion that can be made with certainty is that nothing certain has been determined when it comes to Srebrenica. The number of victims of war crimes is yet to be determined, as is the number of total victims, on both the Bosnian Muslim and the Bosnian Serb side. The main reason for this failure lies in the fact that, in the case of Srebrenica, politics and pragmatic interests have trumped justice and the pursuit of truth. Only an independent, representative, international truth commission on Srebrenica could establish the full truth. It is high time that such a commission was established.
- The thus far proven number of executed prisoners, who were killed by persons who have either been sentenced to prison terms, or were subsequently engaged as Western mercenaries in Africa, is lower that the number of murdered and butchered Serb civilians in Srebrenica and its vicinity a crime for which no one has answered, nor is anyone seeking to attach the genocidal label to Bosnian Muslims for it.
Therefore, Serbia, Republika Srpska and the Serbian people as a whole are not obliged to apologize collectively for everything that happened in Srebrenica, not just in July 1995, but during the entire time of the civil war in Bosnia-Herzegovina, between 1992-1995.
c) all those who are obstructing efforts to arrive at the real, unadulterated truth regarding Srebrenica, as the only way forward to achieving genuine justice, punishing the truly guilty and opening the way to sincere and lasting reconciliation in the Balkans.
NEVER FORGET SREBRENICA GENOCIDE JULY 11, FORGET...NEVER FORGET SREBRENICA GENOCIDE JULY 11, 1995 Never forget Srebrenica Genocide July 11, 1995 / Vergessen Sie nie . Srebrenica Vlkermord 11.
Gresham 6 May 2015 Srebrenica II Geoffrey Nice - Nevenka Tromp.
GRESHAM 1 APRIL 2015 SREBRENICA 1 Geoffrey Nice Nevenka Tromp.


Day 37 was not a good day for me in terms of my workout. I have been under the weather since Sunday. I went ahead and did yesterdays workout. Even though it took its toll on me I decided to do today's workout as well. I could tell immediately that my body was not in good enough shape to workout today. My heart rate jumped up fairly easily compared to my normal days and once it was up there I just had zero energy. I guess you could say my determination out-weighed my common sense today.


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text:
WETA's DRTV test campaign reveals exactly what DOESN'T work
John Begeny
In most cases, we use these blog posts to share successful projects or clear wins achieved by member stations. That's not the case with a recent Direct Response Television (DRTV) test campaign at WETA in Washington, D.C. To offer the briefest summary possible, the pilot was a bust.
Jeff Regan
"We were proud of the work. It just didn't do the trick," reports John Begeny, WETA's Executive Director of On-Air Fundraising. Nevertheless, he wanted to make the results of the campaign available to other stations. "We wanted to share these specific learnings because not only did it not work, but it wasn't close to working."
In January and February of 2017, WETA decided to experiment with Direct Response Television (DRTV), a format that has been very successful for non-profits outside the world of public television. Using emotionally compelling footage and appeals, DRTV asks viewers to respond directly to an organization by visiting a website or calling an 800 number. Organizations like World Vision, Save the Children, and the ASPCA—you've no doubt seen the sad or starving animals against the background of a Sarah McLachlan song—have used this format with great success.
WETA wondered if the approach might be a successful way to elicit donations from public television viewers. "We knew we didn't have any of the things that are traditionally used for the emotional appeal," says Begeny. What WETA did have was a captive audience of WETA fans. Other DRTV campaigns aired across channels and demographics. WETA's appeals would be seen by people already watching the station. "We thought, 'Let's see if this will work.'"
View the 90-second spot
But the spots just didn't work.
For almost two months, they aired round-the-clock—outside of primetime—on TV26, WETA HD and WETA UK, with an additional two weeks of primetime airings on WETA UK. The goal for the pilot was a modest $109,000. The final result was a meager $27,000 in direct contributions to the campaign.
That was a huge disappointment for a campaign designed to bring in new or lapsed donors. "Ten out of every eleven viewers doesn't make a donation but watches WETA," says Begeny. "We thought we could reach more of that ten." Instead, the Katie Couric spots were just as likely to catch the attention of the one in 11 who already contributed: Out of the donors who responded to the campaign, 50 percent were already active members.
"There are all these people who love us and want to donate to WETA but just don't respond to pledge. We are reaching them through mail and other channels. We thought we could find more of them through TV spots that are non-premium-based and mission-focused," Regen says. "Not only did it not work but it wasn't even close to working."
Even had all the responders been new, the amount generated by the campaign still would not have been worth the effort and expense.
Regen and Begeny chalk the test up to a learning experience and urge other stations to keep testing new approaches—even if many tests result in failure. "Every test that is a failure is a chance to learn," Begeny says. "You learn from it and that helps you in your next venture. It gives you insight and that's what is important."
WETA vows to continue pursuing new ways to reach their audience—but they've taken DRTV off the table. "We believe deeply in testing and we would not discourage other stations from testing, but we wouldn't go test anything too similar," explains Regen, who says WETA continues to invest heavily in promoting Passport. "We suggest trying something substantially different from what we tried, instead of just tweaking the spots we did. We felt like it was far enough from working that other stations might be better off investing their time elsewhere instead of adjusting our DRTV approach."
For additional details and reporting about WETA's DRTV experiment, take a look at this presentation. To view all the campaign spots, click here
Questions about this blog post? Contact Tracy Ferrier, Director, Core Strategies, PBS Development Services
tbferrier@pbs.org | 703-739-5065


Our Spiritual Gift cards are large, beautiful and personally adapted gifts of prayer for the special occasions of life. They combine photos taken by the nuns with scriptural quotes, words of the saints and poetry written by our sisters to inspire and comfort the receiver. Most importantly, they convey the prayer of our community for those to whom they are addressed, as a thoughtful gift from the person sending them.
$12.00 Choose Options Come To Me!


During convention season, the polls temporarily provide a less accurate picture of the race as voters sway back and forth on either side of their eventual preference. But this week, the polls are becoming more and more predictive of the eventual outcome with every passing day. History suggests that we should expect the lingering effects of the DNC to steadily diminish to the point of elimination over these next few days: Put differently, by Friday: we'll be able to start assessing whether Obama's post-DNC boost was a temporary bounce or a resilient bump.
If Obama's four point lead persists through the week, Obama should be considered a very strong favorite for reelection. While it might seem that the heart of the campaign is still to come, the candidate leading two weeks after the in-party convention has gone onto win the popular vote in every presidential election since Truman's come from behind victory in 1948. And the only other comebacks were also staged by candidates or incumbents who ascended to the presidency or the nomination following resignation, assassination, or a late decision not to seek reelection. Truman, Ford, and Humphrey gains are hard to analogize to other contests involving incumbents, given that the candidates were forging their own electoral coalitions for the first time out of the fragmented remnants of older ones. And although Romney is behind by just four points, the race has been unusually stable and Obama may be at or very near 49 percent of likely voters, which means Romney would need to win an extremely large share of an unusually small number of undecided voters to overcome a seemingly tiny deficit.
There are signs, however, that Obama's bounce might be fading. As observed on Saturday, Obama's advantage in the trackers has steadily shrunk and Friday's state polling wasn't exactly consistent with a big Obama lead. Over the weekend, Obama fell to just a 3 point advantage in the Gallup tracker. Similarly, Obama trails by 1 in the Rasmussen poll, compared to a 3 or 4 point lead after the DNC.
But while there wasn't much polling over the weekend, the polls suggest that Obama's bounce continues, even if it has fallen slightly off of its post-DNC peak. Although Obama's 3 point lead in Gallup is far less than the 7 point lead he held last week, he's still 2.5 points above Gallup's longer term average and 2 points above his pre-convention showing. Additionally, Obama ticked up to 50 percent in Gallup's approval tracker, suggesting that he's maintained his elevated standing in their most recent samples. And while Obama appears to have receded to Rasmussen's longer term average, Obama actually leads once leaners are included, 49-48—which would also be about 2.5 points above Rasmussen's longer term average. In general, I'm agnostic about whether it's better or worse to include leaners at this stage, but as a Rasmussen subscriber, my look at the internals tells me this is an instance where "leaners" is probably more representative, at least right now. So the tracking polls are both consistent with a shrinking but still existent bounce. We'll see whether Obama stabilizes with a 2 or 3 point bounce (good for a 3 or 4 point lead among likely voters in an average of national polls) or if his numbers continue to decline.
Similarly, the state polls were generally consistent with a persistent Obama bounce In Virginia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Kentucky, Obama was performing near or just slightly off 2008-levels. The results in Pennsylvania and New Jersey aren't surprising, given other polls, but we haven't seen much from Kentucky and a 14 point race there might be a little surprising. And while Kentucky isn't a swing state, it's actually a state where the polls are pretty useful. Parts of southeastern Ohio and southwestern Virginia tend to track along with Kentucky, and many have argued that Obama was likely to suffer additional losses in the heart of Appalachia, given the region's demographics, the so-called War on Coal, and Obama's performance in the primaries. So if SurveyUSA is correct and Obama hasn't fallen off in the Blue Grass state, it could be a sign that Romney won't capitalize on his opportunities in southeastern Ohio and southwestern Virginia. Perhaps with help from a bit of resilience in southwestern Virginia, PPP shows Obama up by 5 in the Commonwealth--a showing that's pretty consistent with PPP's other post-DNC polling.
Finally, Obama has a big lead in Germany. If it were a state it would hold 92 or 93 electoral votes under current law, and every current state would lose about 20 percent of their own electoral votes. However, that would probably prompt Congress to expand the size of the House of Representatives beyond 435 seats. If the size of the House was proportionately expanded, Germany would be worth 116 electoral votes. If that seems small, that's because it assumes that Germany accedes to the Union as 1 state. If the 16 German states acceded separately, then North Rhine-Westphalia's 29 electoral votes would rival New York and Florida while Nate Silver would need to rename his blog something like SixEightyFour.


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What to Watch on TV Tonight: Aubrey Plaza Raises the Devil's Spawn in Little Demon
Plus, Hulu's Mike squares off with Mike Tyson
Tim Surette, Liam Mathews, Allison Picurro, Kelly Connolly Aug. 25, 2022 at 9:00 a.m. PT
Demonic kids are really having a moment. Hot off Evil's season finale spin on Rosemary's Baby, FXX is giving us Rosemary's Baby meets Big Mouth (sure!) in Little Demon, a new animated series starring Aubrey Plaza as the mother of the Antichrist and Danny DeVito as the devil. Throw in HBO's killer baby series The Baby, which aired earlier this summer, and that's what we in the journalism biz call a trend. Meanwhile, Hulu gets into the ring with Mike, a dramatization of the life of Mike Tyson.
Our list of editors' picks for the week of Aug. 25–31 is below, but if that's not enough and you're looking for even more hand-picked recommendations, sign up for our free, spam-free Watch This Now newsletter that delivers the best TV show picks straight to your inbox. You can also look at our guide to everything to watch in August, as well as our list of suggestions for what to watch next based on shows you already like.
Top Streaming Deals This Week — Save on Fire TV, Apple TV 4K, Google Chromecast, Kindle, & More
THE BEST SHOWS TO WATCH TONIGHT
Series premieres Thursday, Aug. 25 at 10/9c on FXX
It was only a matter of time before Twitter user @evilhag (Aubrey Plaza) played the mother of the Antichrist. This animated series finally gives her the chance, as she voices Laura, a woman trying to give her 13-year-old daughter, Chrissy (Lucy DeVito), an ordinary life in Delaware, were it not for Chrissy's absentee father continually reemerging. Her father also happens to be Satan, voiced by Danny DeVito. It's a whole thing! This show can best be described as Big Mouth meets Rosemary's Baby. -Allison Picurro [Trailer]
Watch on Hulu
Trevante Rhodes, Mike
Alfonso Bresciani/Hulu
Series premieres Thursday, Aug. 25 on Hulu
Did you know Mike Tyson loves pigeons? You will after watching this eight-episode miniseries dramatization of his life, from wild child on the street to the most feared man in boxing to a guy who bit off someone's ear to his eventual redemption. Moonlight's Trevante Rhodes plays Iron Mike. Tyson himself is pissed about it, because he is not being compensated for his life story. -Tim Surette [Trailer]
More new shows on TV tonight:
Angry Birds: Summer Madness Season 3 (Netflix) - The Angry Birds continue to have impressive staying power. In this animated series, they go to summer camp.
The End Is Nye (Peacock) - You can keep Don't Look Up — kids of the '90s will get their climate doom (and potential solutions) from Bill Nye.
Everything I Know About Love (Peacock) - Lifelong best friends navigate their early 20s in London in this dramedy.
House of Ho Season 2 (HBO Max) - The reality series about a wealthy Vietnamese American family in Houston returns.
Star Trek: Lower Decks Season 3 (Paramount+) - The animated Star Trek series boldly goes on new adventures.
For everything new to watch tonight, head to our listings page and our live sports page. For more recommendations, check out our Ultimate Guide for What to Watch in August.
THE BEST SHOWS AND MOVIES TO WATCH THIS WEEK
Javon "Wanna" Walton and Sylvester Stallone, Samaritan
Friday, August 26 on Amazon Prime Video
This dark superhero movie was supposed to save the day in 2020, but a series of delays pushed it back to 2022 and onto Amazon Prime Video instead of theaters. Sylvester Stallone stars as a superhero named Samaritan who goes into hiding for 20 years until a young boy figures out who he is and encourages him to clean up the streets once again. -Tim Surette [Trailer]
Watch on Amazon Prime Video
Nolan Gerard Funk, Dominic Sherwood, and Arden Cho, Partner Track
Vanessa Clifton/Netflix
Series premieres Friday, Aug. 26 on Netflix
This light drama follows a well-dressed Korean American New York City lawyer named Ingrid Yun (Arden Cho), who's so focused on advancing her career at the prestigious law firm where she works that she completely neglects her romantic life — until her ex Nick Laren (Dominic Sherwood) comes back into her life when he gets a job at the firm. Given this is a TV show, she also finds herself drawn to another co-worker, Jeff Murphy (Nolan Gerard Funk). It's not a Shondaland show, but it has that vibe; if it weren't for all the F-words, you'd think you were watching an ABC legal drama, right down to the ridiculousness and inaccuracies. -Liam Mathews [Trailer]
Watch on Netflix
Gilbert Carrasquillo/GC Images
The 2022 MTV Video Music Awards
Sunday, Aug. 28 at 8/7c on MTV, The CW, BET, BET Her, CMT, Comedy Central, Logo, MTV2, Nickelodeon, Paramount Network, Pop, TVLand, and VH1
The VMAs soldier on. There will be three hosts this year — LL Cool J, who is 54 years old; Nicki Minaj, who is also this year's recipient of the Video Vanguard Award; and Jack Harlow, a rapper whose appeal is inexplicable to anyone over the age of 25 and is tied with Lil Nas X and Kendrick Lamar for most nominations this year. Performers include Minaj, Harlow, BLACKPINK, Lizzo, Måneskin, J Balvin, Marshmellow x Khalid, Panic! at the Disco, and Kane Brown. The Red Hot Chili Peppers will receive a career achievement award. You know the drill. As far as we can tell, the show isn't streaming live on Paramount+, which is odd. We'll update if that changes. -Liam Mathews
Keep This Between Us
Series premieres Monday, Aug. 29 at 9/8c on Freeform
Freeform is trying its hand at the true crime-adjacent docuseries with this four-part story of a woman's journey to reexamine the relationship she had with her teacher when she was a teenager. As she seeks out answers about her own past from classmates, teachers, and family, the series gradually becomes about shedding light on the issue of grooming in high schools. Freeform is premiering this series over two nights, with the first two episodes airing back to back on Monday and the final two airing on Tuesday. -Allison Picurro [Trailer]
Domhnall Gleeson and Steve Carell, The Patient
Suzanne Tenner/FX
Series premieres Tuesday, Aug. 30 on Hulu
The genius team behind The Americans, Joe Weisberg and Joe Fields, is now the genius team behind The Patient, an FX-produced psychological thriller miniseries starring Steve Carrell as a therapist who is taken hostage by a serial killer (Domhnall Gleeson), who wants to curb his homicidal urges through therapy. The first step toward not murdering people is admitting you have a problem. Merely lukewarm reviews have tempered our expectations, but with all that talent behind it, we're still in. [Trailer | Review]
Hugh Bonneville, I Came By
Nick Wall/Netflix
I Came By
Wednesday, Aug. 31 on Netflix
Paddington and Downton Abbey star Hugh Bonneville gets sinister in the new thriller I Came By (maybe the title is scarier in British English). Bonneville plays an upper-crust judge with something to hide, and 1917's George MacKay is the graffiti tagger who stumbles upon the judge's most horrifying secret when he breaks into his house. Reviews out of the U.K. are middling, but sometimes a middling thriller is just what the judge in the silly powdered wig ordered. The cast also features Kelly Macdonald, who's great in everything. -Kelly Connolly [Trailer]
RECENTLY RELEASED
Mo Amer, Mo
Season 1 now on Netflix
Ramy fans don't need an introduction to comedian Mo Amer, and they probably won't need any introduction to Mo, either. But for everyone else (is there anyone else?), here's the scoop: The new Netflix comedy, created by Amer and Ramy Youssef and produced by A24, stars Amer as Mo Najjar, a Palestinian refugee living in Houston with his family and hustling to support them. If you like Ramy, you'll like this, and if you don't like Ramy, you haven't watched it. -Kelly Connolly [Trailer]
Rob McElhenney, Ryan Reynolds, Welcome to Wrexham
Patrick McElhenney/FX
Welcome to Wrexham
Season 1 premiere now on Hulu
If Ryan Reynolds and Rob McElhenney were both real-life Ted Lassos, but they were the owners instead of the coach — so they're both Rebecca Welton — the documentary about them would be Welcome to Wrexham. Basically. This FX docuseries follows Reynolds and McElhenney's purchase of a struggling Welsh football club, Wrexham A.F.C., in 2020, and their attempts to turn its fortunes around while learning the ropes. I hope they sing Frozen on team karaoke night. -Kelly Connolly [Trailer]


text:
Algorytm szybkiego potęgowania – metoda pozwalająca na szybkie obliczenie potęgi o wykładniku naturalnym. Metoda ta wykorzystuje pośrednio dwójkową reprezentację wykładnika potęgi, a jej złożoność, wyrażona jako liczba wykonywanych mnożeń, wynosi  gdzie  oznacza wykładnik obliczanej potęgi.

Szybkie podnoszenie do potęgi w praktyce stosuje się do obliczania reszty z dzielenia potęgi przez ustaloną liczbę. Używa się go np. w algorytmach szyfru RSA.

Wprowadzenie
Potęgowanie definiuje się za pomocą mnożenia

co daje łącznie  mnożeń.

Dla dużego  liczba wymaganych operacji może być bardzo duża. Jeśli  ma  cyfr, liczba operacji byłaby wykładnicza wobec

Algorytm
Algorytm szybkiego potęgowania jest konsekwencją obserwacji, że aby obliczyć wartość  wystarczy znać  ( oznacza część całkowitą), a następnie wykonać jedno lub dwa mnożenia. Np. aby obliczyć  wystarczy znać wartość  a następnie policzyć  i wynik wynosi  W ten sposób, aby wykonać jeden krok algorytmu, czyli przejść od  do  wystarczy wykonać 2 mnożenia zamiast 88, jak wynikałoby to z przytoczonej wyżej definicji.

Pseudokod
Z powyższych obserwacji można uzyskać rekurencyjną funkcję szybkiego obliczania wartości
 funkcja potęga(x, n)
     jeżeli n = 0
         zwróć 1
     jeżeli n jest nieparzysta
         zwróć x · potęga(x, n - 1)
     w przeciwnym przypadku
         a = potęga(x, n/2)
     zwróć a2

Po optymalizacji można otrzymać następującą postać:

 funkcja potęga(x, n)
     jeżeli n = 0
         zwróć 1
     jeżeli n jest nieparzysta
         zwróć x · (potęga(x, (n - 1)/2))2
     zwróć (potęga(x, n/2))2

Ten sam algorytm w wersji iteracyjnej wygląda następująco:

 w:= 1
 dla a = m do 1   // m - ilość miejsc binarnych liczby n
     c = a-ta cyfra binarna liczby n
     jeżeli c = 0
        w:= w · w
     jeżeli c = 1
        w:= w · w · x

po zakończeniu powyższego algorytmu w zmiennej  jest pamiętana -ta potęga liczby

Algorytmy


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Rick Ross is currently gearing up to release his new Mastermind LP which is due to hit shelves on December 17. In the mean time, the MMG head honcho is living life out on the road as he tours in support of the project. Backed by 1500 or Nothin', take a look as the Miami boss recently performed his verse from JAY Z's "FuckWithMeYouKnowIGotIt" live for fans in New York.
This entry was posted in Live Performance, Video and tagged 1500 or nothin, concert, fuckwithmeyouknowigotit, hip hop, live performance, MMG, new york, rap, Rick ross. Bookmark the permalink.


This Afghan Afghani and Uganda Shilling convertor is up to date with exchange rates from April 22, 2019.
Enter the amount to be converted in the box to the left of Afghan Afghani. Use "Swap currencies" to make Uganda Shilling the default currency. Click on Uganda Shillings or Afghan Afghanis to convert between that currency and all other currencies.
The Afghan Afghani is the currency in Afghanistan (AF, AFG). The Uganda Shilling is the currency in Uganda (UG, UGA). The symbol for AFN can be written Af. The symbol for UGX can be written USh. The Afghan Afghani is divided into 100 puls. The Uganda Shilling is divided into 100 cents. The exchange rate for the Afghan Afghani was last updated on April 22, 2019 from Yahoo Finance. The exchange rate for the Uganda Shilling was last updated on April 22, 2019 from Yahoo Finance. The AFN conversion factor has 4 significant digits. The UGX conversion factor has 5 significant digits.


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Election 2010: Candidate Statements
2010 NENC Election — Candidate Statements
Statement of Steve Patel
Steve Patel serves as the current President and past Treasurer of NENC. He lives and works within the NENC area along with his wife and two children.
Steve is Vice President of CBRE Hotel Group, a global real estate services firm. He is a graduate of the USC Entrepreneur Program and attended the Northrop University Aerospace Engineering Program.
As an active representative of the community, he plays a leading role in many community projects/events including:
Chairperson of NE/W Vision Committee
Valley Alliance of Neighborhood Councils
Councilman Smith's Service Cabinet Representative
Congress of Neighborhood Council Annual Mayor's Budget Representative
Co-Chair of the North Valley Disaster Preparedness Event
Other Community projects include: Side-walk clean-up, Citrus Sunday, Salute to Recreation-NC Firework Show
"I look forward to continue working with fellow community members in an effort to make Northridge a better place to Live, Work, Play and Learn."
Statement of Don Dwiggins
I'm a resident of Northridge since 1970, and have served on the NENC board since it was certified. I have served as Election Committee chair for every election since then, and on the Executive Committee for most of that time. I'm currently the Land Use chair and the Webmaster.
I'm also the author of the subtitle statement in the 2010 Election article: "Your Neighborhood Council is as strong and effective as its stakeholders make it – no more, no less." I believe that the Neighborhood Council system is still young, growing and learning, and has great potential to make participatory democracy a reality in the City of Los Angeles, but will only realize that potential if and when the stakeholders of Northridge East, and other neighborhoods, join together to make it so. I ask all stakeholders of Northridge East to come out and vote, and participate to make 2010 the year that NENC begins to become a strong and effective participant in City government, and a force in improving Northridge as a place to work, live, play, and learn. I'd like to continue to help make this happen as a Board member, but in any case I plan to continue contributing as a stakeholder.
Statement of Nestor Fantini
As a high school teacher who proudly claims Northridge as his home, I know the struggles that we are enduring. During these challenging times, I am running for reelection to the Northridge East Neighborhood Council to continue my efforts to strengthen the economic, health, education and environmental security of our community through a clear record of hardwork and innovative leadership. As past Chairman of the Council's Land Use Committee, I helped create a public forum where residents could challenge environmentally harmful developments that are changing the character of our community. Similarly, as current Chairman of the Council's Education Committee, I am bringing together school teachers and administrators, small business owners and local representatives to develop a plan that will support and strengthen our local schools. If given the opportunity to continue serving our community, I will work hard to ensure a bright future for Northridge's working families and small businesses.
Statement of Y. J. Draiman
Jay Draiman has over 25 years experience in energy conservation and utility auditing. He lives and works within the NENC area along with his wife.
Jay Draiman Energy & Telecom Development Specialist provides expertise in all sectors of the energy and utility industry.
Over 20 years experience specializing in: Energy Audit, Telecom audit, Utility bills audit and review for refunds and/or better rates, Energy procurement, Demand Management, Energy Efficiency review and implementation, Building envelope analysis, Renewable Energy, Lighting Retrofit, Solar Energy, Wind Energy, Geothermal energy, Fuel-Cell, Thermal imaging, Rainwater harvesting, Gray water utilization, Energy conservation and Water conservation methods, Energy and telecom audit and procurement, Indoor pollution control, etc. and commissioning new buildings and mechanical systems.
"Paying for utility costs without using a Utility Auditor and Monitor is like driving a car at night with the lights turned off". Much is at stake when policy makers, regulators, and corporate executives face the challenges of evolving energy markets and efficiency.
I can help you meet that challenge!
"I look forward to working with fellow community members in an effort to make Northridge a Green environment to Live, Work, Play and Learn."
Statement of Steven Ramirez
I have served on the NENC for the past two years as the Youth Representative. I am a senior at Northridge Academy High School.
As an honor student I know hard work is the key to making a difference.
Being a working part of the NENC has given me the opportunity to get involved and be an active member of the Northridge community. My work on the council includes volunteering at Citrus Sunday, St. Nicholas Valley Greek Festival and The Disaster Preparedness events. During my term I have been active in Environmental programs, including starting a new recycling project at Northridge Academy High School. I am proud to serve on the NENC and look forward to continue working to make Northridge even better in 2010.
Filed Under: Elections Tagged With: neighborhood council, nenc


Verse: Make me to know your ways, O Lord; teach me your paths. Lead me in your truth and teach me, for you are the God of my salvation; for you I wait all the day long.
Insight: As we seek God in prayer and through His Word, He will straighten our path. His wisdom grows as we patiently wait on His prompting for the day.
Prayer: Thank you Father for sending your Son, Jesus, the Way, the Truth, and the Life, to reveal more of your heart to me. May the noise of this world never become a hindrance to hear your truth and to follow your path. In Christ Jesus, Amen.


Irene Hall Museum Resource Center Ribbon Cutting & Open House Nov. 8th!
The Irene Hall Museum Resource Center will officially open for business on Thursday, November 8th, with a ribbon cutting at 4:30 p.m. and open house until 7 p.m. The reception will be an opportunity to tour the new facility and look at the offices, work rooms, and artifact storage areas. Over the past few months, museum staff and volunteers have been moving the artifact collection that is not on exhibit at the Old Courthouse Museum and Pettigrew Home & Museum to be stored at the Museum Resource Center. In addition to artifact storage, the Museum Resource Center will be used for: research requests pertaining to museum archives and artifacts, photo requests, historical programming, and workshops detailing conservation and preservation techniques. The facility will be open Tuesday-Friday 1-5 p.m. or by appointment.


Online gambling sites are these websites that offer a place online that lets people play betting games including casinos. This is not a new concept as far as gambling goes but it certainly is a very promising concept that many people are going these days and for a very good reason. It promises a lucrative earning while playing at home. The convenience that it offers leaves a lot of things to be desired.
Practice makes perfect: Gambling might be mostly associated with luck but there are games that are won with more than just luck, like poker for example. While praying will come a long way for your luck to activate, honing skills for the other games will help you increase your chances in winning. Practice does still make it perfect, especially if it all goes down to skill.
Learn to give up: The problem with online gambling places is that its very compelling. If you get defeated, for most people, instead of giving up are driven by this force to play and play again, as a result they lose more than they win. So if you want to play, play the game, if you win, play and play to win some more. If you get defeated, stop and rest. Once you're relaxed, try to play again, if you get defeated still, retire, if you got your luck back continue and repeat the process all over again.
Play other games: If you don't get lucky with another game, play the other games too, you might be lucky there. The best online gambling sites are the ones that hs a ton of selections of games that they offer to their visitors. These make the sites more dynamic and it helps retain people to not search for various games in various sites. This is beneficial for both the gambling site and the customers. While people got used to doing some online gambling hopping, there is a better option and if you're located in Hong Kong, you should definitely try out togel hongkong.
Online gambling sites are not a new concept as far as gambling goes, in fact they adopted the age-old way in playing and the reason? Simply, it still works every time. To put it simply, it makes everything interesting. What made online gambling sites popular are not just its adoption to the concept of gambling and making it virtual, it's more on the "bringing the casino at the comfort of your home" kinda thing. If you haven't tried an online casino, it's probably best that you should try one.


text:
package cn.itcast_08;

public class MyRunnable implements Runnable {

	@Override
	public void run() {
		for (int x = 0; x < 100; x++) {
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + x);
		}
	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub