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White asparagus season; any available in your neighbourhood?
Discussion in 'Food & Cooking' started by chrisbelgium, Apr 19, 2011.
Oh yes they're back, the divine white asparagus. Yesterday we had the first taste of these very fresh harvested ones. I know many foodies are waiting for these to appear. There's a wide range of possible recipes, but "asperges à la Flamande" is very popular in Flanders, the part of Belgium where I live. Simply a mixture of melted butter, chopped parcely and chopped hardboiled egg, s&p. I also added some of my recently bought olive oil.
It's a bit more work than cooking green ones as these whites have to be carefully peeled entirely, but tastewise the white ones are much more delicate. I wonder in which parts of the world you have these too? Any local or other recipes you like?
I wouldn't say they're a huge deal here in US but I know in germany they are quite popular. We always head down to our local german fare beer garden to have these in May. One of my favorite preparations is steamed, wrapped in thick ham with bechamel sauce all over. Yum.
Oddly enough, in what is usually a culinary desert, we do have white asparagus available here.
I've tried it several times, in different recipes, and I have to wonder what the shouting is all about.
"Delicate" doesn't describe it so much as bland and tasteless, IMO. It's no wonder that virtually every recipe I've seen uses it as a base to support something more flavorsome. Koukouvagia's recipe is typical: what we're eating is a bechamel-napped ham, in terms of any flavor. The white asparagus provides a different texture, perhaps. But if it weren't included not much would be missing.
White asparagus barely sell here in the UK.
Second that regarding UK green asparagus, it's the best I've had - you can get it from stalls small farmers set up by the road beside their fields, which of course means unbelievable freshness. Was in the country this weekend and it was already available in its very small baby form.
In Sweden (where I am right now) we're expecting the first deliveries of quality domestic white asparagus this week, hopefully. Prices are looking pretty high this year.
So sorry you can't taste ours. Nearly a day between harvesting and cooking, as they should be. They are seen as a real delicatesse over here! Restaurants of all categories will change their menus announcing white asparagus. Even entire asparagusmenus are proposed. The dish I posted is a starter to be tasted on its own. It's simple but a fantastic dish.
White asparagus are a very labour intensive speciality in parts of my country and I can tell you these farmers are very proud of their culinary high profile produce, and they should be!
After a spell of unusually warm weather, I've been told the first Swedish green asparagus of the year has arrived - a bit earlier than normal! I'm a bit dubious that it could possibly be this early, so I'll have to check to make sure somebody hasn't been getting confused.
I've seen local asparagus (green) in a couple of shops, and that is really early for us! We have had some very sunny, dry weather which may have brought on the harvest a bit earlier, despite a reall bad, long, snowy winter.


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Wheelchair basketballers aim to break world record
Posted on Friday 10th August 2012 at 12:38 pm by SH (Editor)
With many records being broken over at the Olympic Games, a group of inspired young South West athletes are undertaking a world record attempt of their own in Stoke Gifford this weekend by aiming to play the longest ever wheelchair basketball game.
The South West Scorpions will be attempting to break the record on Saturday and Sunday 11th/12th August at the WISE campus of South Gloucestershire and Stroud College (Formerly Filton College) in New Road.
The current record stands at an astonishing 26 hours but the Scorpions are hoping to smash it by playing for 30 hours
Business advisory firm Deloitte will be sponsoring the event as part of their on-going support of Disability Sport, including funding athletes through Sport Aid's Talented Athlete Scholarship Scheme (TASS).
Andrew Jones, business partner at Deloitte, comments on the event:
"We are passionate champions of disability sport and very pleased to support this ambitious record attempt. Events like these are very important in driving participation and improving performance to help secure podium finishes for GB athletes at future Paralympic Games."
Carol Hearne is organising the weekend event and her son Ben Fox, a TASS athlete, will also be taking part in the record attempt. Carol adds:
"It's going to be really tough but the team are so dedicated to seeing it through I really believe they can do it. We're very glad to have the backing of Deloitte who have provided great support to the Scorpions and Paralympics GB."
The attempt will begin at 10am on Saturday and the public are invited to go along and support the teams. Entrance will be free, though there will be donation buckets around the hall for the duration of the attempt. Refreshments will be available throughout the event, and there will be on-going activities, including 'have a go at wheelchair basketball', giant Jenga and a 'design a basketball t-shirt 'competition.
If successful, the Scorpions will be following in the footsteps of another local sports team that broke the record for the world's longest hockey match in May last year. South Gloucestershire Hockey Club earned a place in the record books with a 31-hour marathon match at Bradley Stoke Community School.
Photo: South West Scorpions at a training session in October 2011.
Tags: basketball, South West Scorpions
This entry was posted on Friday 10th August 2012 at 12:38 pm	and is filed under Sport. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.
2 Responses to "Wheelchair basketballers aim to break world record"
Saturday 11th August 2012 at 1:39 pm
Photos from today's world record attempt: http://bit.ly/P08ra7
Tuesday 14th August 2012 at 1:04 pm
Well done to everyone involved – the record was broken by playing for a total of 27 hours and 32 minutes.
Basketball team shoot high and beat world record (Swindon Advertiser)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
\section*{Introduction}

KNbO$_3$ is one of benchmark systems for {\it ab initio} analysis
of ferroelectric perovskites. It has been extensively studied
by the whole spectrum of numerical methods from an apparently
ultimately accurate full-potential linear augmented plane waves (LAPW)
\cite{sb92,sin95,sin97,krak95,krak96}
through pseudopotentials \cite{pseudo} and tight-binding {\it ab initio}
schemes \cite{HF} to semiempirical and model-based techniques
\cite{model}.

Modern state-of-art simulations of ferroelectric correlations,
lattice dynamics and phase transitions are dependent on reliable
and accurate description of the total energy as function of
displacements and strain variables. The full-potential linear
muffin-tin-orbitals (FP-LMTO) method \cite{msm} was proven able to provide
a reasonable balance of accuracy and low computational effort
even when applied to supercells of up to 40 atoms
\cite{knbo3,phonon,ortho,willi96}.
However, in sensitive benchmark calculations of $\Gamma$ phonons,
due to certain technical limitations, FP-LMTO provided apparently
lower accuracy for phonon eigenvectors, as compared to
FP-LAPW \cite{phonon,sin97,krak96}.
A new version of the FP-LMTO code by Methfessel
and van Schilfgaarde \cite{nfp100}, in contrast
to the previous one used in our earlier calculations \cite{msm},
is unsensitive to sphere packing and uses much more efficient, albeit more
mathematically involved, basis of augmented ``smooth Hankel functions''
that enables one to drastically reduce the size of diagonalization problem
without loss of accuracy. We compare the results obtained
with the new FP-LMTO and with the WIEN97
implementation of the FP-LAPW method \cite{wien97}, concentrating on the
accuracy and performance.

In order to get an additional insight into lattice dynamics of KNbO$_3$,
we present vibrational frequencies
as calculated quantum-mechanically in the assumption of uncoupled
multidimensional anharmonic oscillators,
based on the total energy data obtained from
first-principles calculations, and give a preliminary estimate of the
lowest vibration frequency within this approach.

\section*{Comparison of calculation methods}

The linear augmented plane-wave (LAPW) and the linear
muffin-tin orbital (LMTO) methods are closely related and originate
in the same work by Andersen \cite{oka75}.
In the modern stage at their development, they share the advantage
of being all-electron methods (in contrast to pseudopotential
ones and to those depending on the frozen-core approximation).
As compared to tight-binding schemes with fixed (e.g. Gaussian-type)
bases, the basis in LAPW and LMTO is optimized in the course
of iterations, as the heads of wavefunctions are recalculated
inside the (arbitrarily) chosen muffin-tin spheres from one
iteration to another.
The tails of basis functions that span the interstitial region
between the spheres are constructed by an augmentation procedure
which matches the numerical solutions inside the MT-spheres
either to the plane waves of different {\bf k} (in LAPW)
or to the spherical Hankel functions of different energy (in LMTO).
This difference accounts for relative advantages and disadvantages
of these two calculation schemes. In LAPW, the number of augmented
plane waves with different {\bf k} can be safely saturated, until
the desirable convergence of results with respect to the completeness
of basis is achieved. This however has its price in terms of computational
effort.

The advantage of LMTO lies in the fact that its basis functions
may be tuned to resemble true atom-centered wavefunctions in a crystal.
This means, in the ideal case, quite efficient and compact basis set
and hence computational speed and the ability to treat larger systems
than is possible with LAPW, given certain amount of computer resources.
The weak point of LMTO is that the saturation of the basis set
is not as straightforward as in the LAPW, because adding more
atom-centered tail functions of certain angular symmetry needs care
to prevent linear dependences within the basis set.
In order to overcome this problem and at the same
time to maintain the LMTO as, ideally, the `minimal basis' method
of competitive accuracy, one can try to experiment with more
sophisticated but hopefully more efficient envelope functions.
As some examples of proposed alternatives to conventional
spherical Hankel functions one can single out the tight-binding LMTO
method \cite{tblmto} or the ``exact muffin-tin orbital theory''
development \cite{exact}, both of them being not yet implemented,
to our knowledge, in workable full-potential total-energy codes.

Recently, yet another extension within the general LMTO formalism
has been proposed and implemented by M.~Methfessel and
M.~van Schilfgaarde and referred to
as the ``NFP'' LMTO code \cite{nfp100}. While in many aspects a development
of the earlier described \cite{msm} and widely used FP-LMTO formalism,
the NFP algorithm incorporates an essential new element,
that is, using the ``smooth'' Hankel functions rather than the ``standard''
ones for the augmentation of numerical radial solutions in the
interstitial region. Whereas the standard spherical Hankel function
satisfies the differential equation
$$
(\Delta + \epsilon)h_0(r) = -4\pi\delta({\bf r})
$$
for $l=0$, the equation for the smooth function contains
the smeared $\delta$ function $g_0(r) = C\exp(-r^2/R_{\mbox{\small sm}}^2)$
as a source term
$$
(\Delta + \epsilon){\tilde h}_0(r) = -4\pi g_0(r)\;,
$$
and the smooth functions of higher orders are generated by applying
a differential operator ${\cal Y}(-\nabla)$, defined by
${\cal Y}({\bf r}) =r^l Y_L$, to the function of the 0th order.
These new envelope functions can be tuned by a proper choice
of the smoothing parameter $R_{\mbox{\small sm}}$ to imitate
the actual shape of the wavefunction in crystal.

Cubic perovskite ferroelectrics provide an excellent benchmark
system for the high-precision total-energy calculation scheme.
Whereas one typically cannot pinpoint any essential disagreement in the
band dispersions calculated by different full-potential schemes,
the energy differences on the $\sim$1 mRy scale related to
ferroelectric instability, soft mode phonon frequencies and
eigenvectors in these materials may be quite differently estimated
by different computation schemes, result in qualitatively different
predictions and thus dramatize the competition between different
numerical approaches. For KNbO$_3$, a number of calculations has
been already done using different methods. Full-potential LAPW
calculations were performed by Singh \cite{sb92,sin95,sin97}
and Krakauer {\it et al} \cite{krak95,krak96}, LMTO calculations by us
\cite{knbo3,phonon,ortho,willi96}. In spite of the overall agreement
(the ability of both methods
to account for the ferroelectric instability, consistent
results for the $\Gamma$-frozen phonon frequencies), some
disagreements prevailed in the description of
ferroelectric instability, as well as in the estimation
of the soft mode phonon eigenvector \cite{phonon,sin97,krak96}.

What makes perovskites generally (and KNbO$_3$ as an example)
a hard test for any computational scheme
relying on a site-centered basis, like LMTO, is their relatively
loose structural packing (if one thinks in terms of nominal
ionic radii). The electron density is unevenly distributed
between compact NbO$_6$ octahedra and intermediate large cavities
which host small K ions. In our earlier LMTO calculations
using the ``old'' LMTO code by Methfessel\cite{msm}, good sphere
packing was essential for accurate integration over the
interstitial region, but could not be guaranteed in a completely
satisfactory way (see, e.g. the discussion in Ref.~\cite{willi96}).
In the present implementation of LMTO, the aspect of good sphere
packing is no more sensitive, therefore we tried to figure out
finally whether the mentioned disagreement with the LAPW results
was due to problems of technical inefficiency (unadequate integration
scheme etc.) or has to do with some basic limitations of the LMTO
formalism.

In our present benchmark calculations, we used the implementation
of the full-potential LAPW method knows as the WIEN97 code
\cite{wien97}. Sphere sizes were chosen as shown in the
Table \ref{tab:setup} (the same for LAPW and LMTO).
The {\bf k}-space integration was performed in an identical way
in both schemes, using the sampling on a mesh of 18
inequivalent points, corresponding to $6\!\times\!6\!\times\!6$
divisions of the full Brillouin zone. This mesh was found to
be sufficiently dense for the estimations of ferroelectric
instability, based on previous experience \cite{sin95}.
The exchange-correlation was treated either in the local density
approximation (LDA) or in the generalized gradient approximation (GGA).

\begin{table}
\caption{NFP-LMTO calculation setup ($\kappa^2$ in Ry,
$R_{\mbox{\tiny MT}, \mbox{\tiny SM}}$ in a.u.)}
\label{tab:setup}
\begin{tabular}{cdd@{\hspace*{1.5cm}}cdd@{\hspace*{1.5cm}}cdd}
\multicolumn{3}{c}{\rule[-1mm]{0mm}{0mm}
K ($R_{\mbox{\tiny MT}}$=1.95)} &
\multicolumn{3}{c}{Nb ($R_{\mbox{\tiny MT}}$=1.85)} &
\multicolumn{3}{c}{ O ($R_{\mbox{\tiny MT}}$=1.55)} \\
\tableline
\rule[-2mm]{0mm}{6mm}
 $n,l$ & $\kappa^2$ & $R_{\mbox{\tiny SM}}$ &
 $n,l$ & $\kappa^2$ & $R_{\mbox{\tiny SM}}$ &
 $n,l$ & $\kappa^2$ & $R_{\mbox{\tiny SM}}$ \\
\tableline
\rule[0mm]{0mm}{4mm}
 $4s$  & $-$0.5 & 3.0 & $5s$ & $-$0.1 & 2.0 & $2s$    & $-$0.5  & 0.79 \\
 $3p$  & $-$0.5 & 1.3 & $4p$ & $-$1.9 & 0.9 & $2p$    & $-$0.15 & 0.71 \\
 $3d$  & $-$0.2 & 3.4 & $4d$ & $-$0.5 & 1.2 & $s,p,d$ & $-$0.2  & 2.0  \\
\rule[-1mm]{0mm}{0mm}
 $s,p$ & $-$0.2 & 2.0 & $s,p,d$ & $-$1.0 & 1.5 \\
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

In the construction of the LMTO setup, the usual procedure is
to optimize the possibly minimal basis, using the freedom in the
choice of basis parameters, and then to expand the basis
in order to ensure its sufficient completeness.
In the NFT formalism, the quality of the basis depends
on both energies of the smooth Hankel functions and their
smoothing radii, the latter apparently having more pronounced
effect. In contrast to earlier FP-LMTO scheme \cite{msm} which
favored the basis functions with at least three tail energies
per orbital for sufficient accuracy, the NFP provides a reasonable
description of the valence band states with augmenting just one
smooth Hankel function to each; the setup is then refined
by adding some other tail functions.
The calculation setup we used in the present LMTO calculation is shown
in Table \ref{tab:setup}. It includes 70 basis functions, that
can be either somehow more extended, or reduced, to get the desirable
compromise between the accuracy and performance. For comparison,
the basis size for a LAPW calculation of comparable accuracy
should include at least $\sim$800 augmented plane waves.

The present version of NFP incorporates
only the LDA treatment of the exchange/correlation.
Another technical drawback is the impossibility to treat
the states with different principal quantum number and the same
orbital quantum number within the valence band. For KNbO$_3$,
we had to include Nb$4p$ states and neglect
Nb$5p$ in the valence panel. This seems to be an acceptable
compromise, however. More discussion related to the
LMTO setup may be found in Ref. \cite{knbo3}.

\section*{Calculation results and discussion}

Fig.~\ref{vol_fig} shows the energy/volume curves as calculated
by LAPW in the LDA and in the GGA, and by LMTO in the LDA.
First two curves essentially reproduce previous results
by Singh\cite{sin95} aimed at the comparison of LDA and GGA.
The energy/volume curve generated now
with LMTO (crosses in Fig.~\ref{vol_fig}) practically coincides
with that obtained with the LAPW. Absolute energy values lie
by $\sim$0.9 Ry lower with LAPW, understandably due to more
complete basis.

\begin{figure}[b!]
\centerline{\epsfig{file=vol_plot.eps,height=8.0cm}}
\vspace{10pt}
\caption{Total energy difference (with respect to the equilibrium
value) depending on the lattice constant in KNbO$_3$
as calculated by LMTO-LDA (crosses),
LAPW-LDA (filled circles) and LAPW-GGA (open circles).
The parabolic fit is shown for each case.
Experimental lattice constant extrapolated to zero temperature
is indicated by a vertical line.}
\label{vol_fig}
\end{figure}

For the study of ferroelectric instability, we concentrated on
the displacement pattern compatible with the $t_{1u}$ TO phonon modes,
i.e. the $z$-displacements of K\mbox{(0 0 0)},
Nb\mbox{($\frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2}$)}
and O$_{\mbox{\tiny II}}$ \mbox{($\frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} 0$)} with respect to
two equivalent O$_{\mbox{\tiny I}}$ \mbox{($0 \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2}$)}
and \mbox{($0 \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2}$)} atoms.
In Fig.~\ref{disp_fig}, the energy differences are shown as function
of the displacement pattern which roughly corresponds to that
in the soft mode, ultimately resulting in the equilibrium
structure of tetragonal ferroelectric phase:
Nb is displaced twice farther as K relatively to the oxygen cage.
We found the calculated energy differences
to be extremely sensitive to the quality of the charge density
representation in the unit cell. In both methods we used, this expansion
is done by the fast Fourier transformation; in WIEN97, the magnitude
of the largest reciprocal-space vector $G$ is specified
whereas in the NFP-LMTO the number of divisions $N$ along
each unit cell edge for a real-space uniform grid has to be
explicitly provided.
For a perovskite, both cutoffs need to be relatively large
in order to achieve a convergency in this parameter.
As is seen in Fig.~\ref{disp_fig}, the value $G=10$ in LAPW
overestimates the ferroelectric instability
whereas the LMTO with $N=18$ finds yet no trace of the instability.
At $G=12$ and $N=24$, the trends are about comparable,
becoming even closer for $G=14$ and $N=32$.

\begin{figure}[t!]
\centerline{\epsfig{file=de_plot.eps,height=8.0cm}}
\vspace{10pt}
\caption{Total energy difference depending on atomic displacements
$\Delta_z(\mbox{K}) + 2\Delta_z(\mbox{Nb})$
as calculated by LAPW and LMTO for different values of $\Delta_z$
and different cutoffs in the charge density expansion.
Crosses: $G$=12.0 in LAPW and $N$=18 in LMTO;
dots: $G$=14.0 in LAPW and $N$=24 in LMTO
(essentially converged results). Polynomial fit is a guide to eye.}
\label{disp_fig}
\end{figure}

\begin{table}[t!]
\caption{Calculated frequencies and eigenvectors of $\Gamma$-TO phonons
of the $t_{1u}$ symmetry from LAPW and LMTO}
\label{tab:phonon}
\begin{tabular}{cdddd@{\hspace*{0.8cm}}cdddd}
$\omega$ & \multicolumn{4}{c}{Eigenvectors} &
$\omega$ & \multicolumn{4}{c}{Eigenvectors} \\
(cm$^{-1}$) & K & Nb & O$_{\mbox{\tiny I}}$ & O$_{\mbox{\tiny II}}$ &
(cm$^{-1}$) & K & Nb & O$_{\mbox{\tiny I}}$ & O$_{\mbox{\tiny II}}$ \\
\tableline
\multicolumn{5}{c}{LAPW, Ref.~\protect\cite{sb92}} &
\multicolumn{5}{c}{LMTO, Ref.~\protect\cite{phonon}} \\
115$i$ &    0.04 & $-$0.60 & 0.40 &    0.56 &
203$i$ &    0.32 & $-$0.67 & 0.29 &    0.53 \\
 168   & $-$0.88 &    0.35 & 0.19 &    0.16 &
 193   & $-$0.81 &    0.12 & 0.36 &    0.27 \\
 483   &    0.03 & $-$0.09 & 0.46 & $-$0.75 &
 459   &    0.13 & $-$0.14 & 0.45 & $-$0.75
\rule[-2mm]{0mm}{0mm} \\
\multicolumn{5}{c}{LAPW, Ref.~\protect\cite{krak96}} &
\multicolumn{5}{c}{NFP-LMTO, present results} \\
197$i$ &    0.01 & $-$0.59 & 0.42 &    0.55 &
106$i$ &    0.07 & $-$0.61 & 0.45 &    0.48 \\
 170   & $-$0.88 &    0.37 & 0.18 &    0.15 &
 179   & $-$0.88 &    0.33 & 0.21 &    0.17 \\
 473   &    0.02 & $-$0.08 & 0.46 & $-$0.76 &
 518   &    0.03 & $-$0.03 & 0.41 & $-$0.81
\rule[-2mm]{0mm}{0mm} \\
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

As an additional test for the proper balance of the energetics of
different displacement patterns, we calculated the $\Gamma$-TO
phonons in the cubic phase of KNbO$_3$. The insufficient accuracy
of previous LMTO calculations \cite{phonon,ortho} manifested itself
as a noticeable deviation of the vibration eigenvectors from those
obtained by LAPW \cite{sb92,krak96}. Table \ref{tab:phonon}
shows the results of some preliminary calculations with the NFP code
(obtained with the 2d-order total energy fit over the results
for several combined displacements) in comparison with the LAPW
data. One can see that the correct displacement pattern within
the soft mode is now restored, and the overall agreement with
the LAPW eigenvectors is quite satisfactory.

\section*{Treatment of anharmonic vibrations}

With the total-energy fit generally available from first-principles
calculations, one may tend to extract some additional information
than is possible within the harmonic approximation. The treatment
of anharmonic effects in crystal is rather complicated (see, e.g.,
Ref.~\cite{anhar} for a review). In principle, the modes of different
symmetry and related to different {\bf q}-values couple beyond
the harmonic approximation. Nevertheless, in the study of ferroelectrics
there have been several attempts to single out any particular mode,
which is believed to be principally associated with anharmonic
effects, and to solve the vibrational Schr\"odinger equation
related to it. This has been done e.g. for LiTaO$_3$ and
LiNbO$_3$ by Inbar and Cohen \cite{inco_95} and by Bakker {\it et al.}
\cite{bakker} (for an empirical potential well, in the latter case)
as well as for a one-dimensional $A_2$ mode in orthorhombic
KNbO$_3$ by Postnikov and Borstel \cite{ortho}.
This approach was referred to as non-interacting anharmonic
oscillators \cite{inco_95}, meaning the oscillators related to
a particular $\Gamma$ TO-mode in crystal. It is assumed that the
displacement potential is separable into components with
different {\bf q}-dependence. Such separation is less valid
for several symmetry coordinates which mix already in the harmonic
approximation, therefore the solution of a multidimensional oscillator
problem is necessary in this case.
A straightforward treatment by, e.g., a finite-difference method
on a multidimensional grid rapidly becomes prohibitive with a
number of dimensions (see \cite{ortho}). Therefore, we propose
a scheme which uses the expansion in hyperspherical harmonics.
This approach is known in the calculation of vibration spectra
of three-atomic molecules \cite{3at_vib}, however, for an
{\it ad hoc} constructed system of variables. In the following,
we describe the formalism for an arbitrary number of symmetry
coordinates.

We start with an arbitrary convenient set of symmetry-adapted
displacement coordinates (see, e.g., Ref.\cite{ck90}):
$S_t=\sum_i B_{ti}x_i$
($x_i$ are conventional cartesian displacements),
which form a complete basis within a particular
irreducible representation, but do not need to be
orthonormal. The Schr\"odinger equation then acquires a form:
\begin{equation}
\label{Sch_eq}
 \left[- \frac{~\hbar^2}{2}\sum_{tt'}
     \frac{\partial}{\partial S_t}G_{tt'}
     \frac{\partial}{\partial S_{t'}} +
     V(\{S_t\})\right] \Psi = E \Psi,
\end{equation}
with the kinetic-energy matrix
$G_{tt'}=\sum_i B_{ti} m^{-1}_i B_{t'i}$.
Mixed derivatives can further be excluded
by the following orthogonalizing transformation:
$$
Q_t = \sum_{t'} \frac{X_{t't}}{\sqrt{\lambda^t}}\,S_{t'},
$$
where $X_{t't}$ is the $t$-th eigenvector, corresponding
to the eigenvalue $\lambda^t$, of the kinetic-energy
matrix. In $n$-dim. space of generalized coordinates $Q_t$,
we use spherical coordinates
$(r, \vartheta_1,\cdots,\vartheta_p, \varphi)$ for $p=n\!-\!2$,
$$
\begin{array}{r@{\,=\,}l}
Q_1     & r\cos\vartheta_1 \\
Q_2     & r\sin\vartheta_1\cos\vartheta_2 \\
\multicolumn{2}{c}{\cdots} \\
Q_{p+1} & r\sin\vartheta_1\sin\vartheta_2 \cdots
	  \sin\vartheta_{p-1}\sin\vartheta_p\cos\varphi \\
Q_{p+2} & r\sin\vartheta_1\sin\vartheta_2 \cdots
	  \sin\vartheta_{p-1}\sin\vartheta_p\sin\varphi \\
\end{array}
$$
$$
0\le\vartheta_j\le\pi\quad(j=1,2,\cdots,p),\quad 0\le\varphi\le 2\pi \,.
$$
There are $(2N\!+\!p)(N\!+\!p\!-\!1)!/(p!\,N!)$ harmonic polynomials
of degree $N$ numbered by $n\!-\!1$ integers $m_0,\cdots,m_p$ such that
$N = m_0 \ge m_1\ge\cdots\ge |m_p|\ge 0$, $m_p\!=\!\pm |m_p|$.
The explicit form of the polynomials of is the following:
$$
H(N,m_1,..,m_p;\,Q_1,..,Q_{p+2}) =
r^N Y^{m_p}_{N,m_1,..,m_{p-1}}
(\vartheta_1,..,\vartheta_p,\varphi)\,.
$$
The hyperspherical harmonics are chosen either as complex functions
$$
Y^{m_p}_{m_0,.,m_{p-1}}\!
(\!\vartheta_1,\!.,\!\vartheta_p,\!\varphi\!)\!=\!
e^{im_p\varphi}\!\prod_{k=0}^{p-1}\!
(\sin\!\vartheta_{k+1}\!)^{m_{k+1}}
C^{m_{k+1}\!+\!\frac{p-k}{2}}_{m_k-m_{k+1}}
\!(\!\cos\!\vartheta_{k+1}\!)\;,
$$
or in the real form, $\sim\!\cos{m_p}$ for $m_p\ge 0$
and $\sim\!\sin{m_p}$ for $m_p<0$.
$C^p_n(z)$ are Gegenbauer polynomials \cite{gegen,takeu},
generated by the following recursion:
$$
C^p_0(z) = 1; \quad\quad
C^p_1(z)=2pz; \quad\quad
(n+1)\,C^p_{n+1}(z)=2(n+p)\,z\,C^p_n(z)-(n+2p-1)\,C^p_{n-1}(z)\;.
$$
$Y^{m_p}_{m_0,.,m_{p-1}}(\vartheta_1,\!.,\!\vartheta_p,\varphi)$,
orthogonal on a unit sphere,
are eigenfunctions of the multidimensional Laplace operator:
$$
\Delta Y = -\,\frac{m_0(m_0+p)}{r^2}\,Y\,.
$$
With the potential and the wave function expanded in hyperspherical
harmonics
\begin{eqnarray*}
V(\vec{Q})&=&\sum_{m_0,..m_p} \!V_{m_0,..,m_p}(r)
Y_{m_0,..,m_p}(\vartheta_1,\!..,\vartheta_p,\varphi)\,, \\
\Psi(\vec{Q})&=&\sum_{m'_0,..m'_p} \!R_{m'_0,..,m'_p}(r)
Y_{m'_0,..,m'_p}(\vartheta_1,\!..,\vartheta_p,\varphi)\,,
\end{eqnarray*}
the multidimensional Schr\"odinger equation (\ref{Sch_eq}) transforms
into a system of
$\sum_{N=0}^{N_{\mbox{\tiny max.}}}\!(2N+p)(N\!+\!p\!-\!1)!/(p!\,N!)$
coupled 1-dimensional equations:
\begin{eqnarray}
\nonumber
-\frac{\hbar^2}{2}\,\frac{1}{r^{p+1}}\,\frac{d}{dr}\!\left[
r^{p+1}\frac{dR_{[m]}(r)}{dr}\right] +
\frac{m_0(m_0+p)}{r^2}\,R_{[m]}(r) \;+ \\
+ \!\sum_{[m''][m']}
\!\!V_{[m'']}(r)R_{[m']}(r)\!
\int\!\!Y_{[m'']}Y_{[m']}Y_{[m]}d\,\Omega = E\,R_{[m]}(r)\,.
\label{R_equa}
\end{eqnarray}
The expansion of the potential (provided in a polynomial form
by a fit to total-energy values) is finite whereas for
the wave function a cutoff value $N_{\mbox{\tiny max.}}$ has to
be introduced.

As a practical example of this approach, we considered the solution
of a 3-dimensional oscillator problem corresponding to the vibration pattern
within the $t_{1u}$ mode in cubic KNbO$_3$. For the symmetry coordinates
as discussed above, we included the 4th power of the Nb displacement
into the total energy fit. (For real applications, one should of course
consider some other degrees of freedom beyond the harmonic approximation).
The system of coupled equations (\ref{R_equa})
was solved by a finite difference method, with 50 points
in the equidistant radial mesh from up to $r=5.0$ where a boundary
condition $R(r)=0$ was imposed on radial wavefunctions (this scheme
may be somehow refined in more precise calculations, incorporating
a nonuniform mesh).
For the maximal degree of polynome $N=8$ in the wave function expansion,
the energy difference between two lowest oscillator levels
practically converged to 70 cm$^{-1}$. The convergence is more slow
for higher levels.

\section*{Conclusions}

We compare in the present paper the results obtained
for the ferroelectric instability in KNbO$_3$ with two methods,
LAPW and LMTO, both of which have been applied to this system before
but apparently never underwent a thorough comparison with
the, as far as possible, identical calculation setup. The result
of this comparison is that not only the energy/volume curves are
identical in the LDA, but the description of the ferroelectric
instability, involving equilibrium displacements of $\sim$0.1 a.u.
and energy differences of $\sim$0.5 mRy, is practically identical
by both schemes, provided the sufficient accuracy in the description
of the charge density variations over the unit cell is guaranteed.
The LAPW method provides understandably lower absolute values
of the total energy, but the new formulation of LMTO has the advantage
of much more compact basis set (about 10 times smaller than that of LAPW)
and some resources to expand the basis somehow for even better
controllable accuracy without running into numerical problems of
overcompleteness. As a useful tool for the analysis of total
energy data obtained from any first-principle calculation, we describe
the scheme to solve the multi-dimensional vibrational Schr\"odinger equation
in the approximation of non-interacting anharmonic oscillators.
The preliminary results for the lowest energy difference are presented
for KNbO$_3$.\\*[0.8cm]
\centerline{\bf Acknowledgments}\\*[0.3cm]
We thank M.~Methfessel for providing us with his new version
of the LMTO code and for numerous helpful discussions.
We are grateful to K.~Schwarz and P.~Blaha for making
the WIEN97 code available to us.
C.~O.~Rodriguez valuably contributed in working
discussions, e.g., on applying the LAPW method to KNbO$_3$.
A.P. is grateful to D.~Vanderbilt for stimulating discussions
on lattice dynamics.
Financial support of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 225)
is gratefully acknowledged.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


I have several things to post about, so I'll just do so, in no particular orderly fashion.
First, I noticed lots of my Amazon links to my personal ebooks dropped off my articles with most now only showning one link or none. I'm going to show some ignorance here but I believe I remember seeing HubPages policy being that lower number ratings cause less link availability and less prominent placing of Hubs on the site. I wonder if this may be why my Amazon links dropped because I know for a fact the products still have live/active links available to them. Also, my rating has not dropped below the 80s and I've watched it pretty close but I may have overlooked what that number needs to maintain for links to remain. If administration dropped the links for another reason, it would be nice to hear from them, as to why they did so. I eagerly await with eyes open.
This brings me to a suggestion for HubPages Administration: I have 244 hubs published here and I feel such a large base should merit the rating not dropping below a minimum. I realize they must nudge members to publish more but the rating being able to drop even with Hubs in the 100s seems a bit unfair (respectfully). I noticed just this week that when my rating was 86, I publisged a new hub and replied to several posts and my rating dropped from 86 to 81. These type fluctuations which I've seen before sometimes do not make sense.
How about it administrators, any chance we who have 100s of hubs could keep a bare-minimum rating, so we don't lost significant ad-availability or placement?
If my ads falling off was a fluke, I apologise for pointing a finger at administration but I still want my minimum-hub-minimum-rating suggestion considered please. My work schedule since the recession with two sales companies has become incredible and so I have to concentrate more of Hub publishing than on posting comments. I'm pretty sure the site revenue and for us members is more-so in the Hubs that in comments that might direct a few more readers to Hubs.
Thanks for the opportunity to express this and nothing was meant in disrespect. I appreciate this site!
The no-follow policy only kicks in if your Hubs score below 40, and your author score drops below 75, and relates to link capsules or links inserted into text capsules. There are numerous places on this website that details this policy.
What you are describing sounds more like a problem with the product feed from Amazon. HubPages can't always do something to fix that as the issue can sometimes be entirely on the Amazon end.
I knew similar policies apply at other sites and I write for several others personally including HowToDoThings and Suite101 but the rating system here fluctuates like no other site I've seen. I'm not saying that is a bad thing if it works for them.
I tested using different ways to post those dropped Amazon links and they will not post regardless however, I know how to do more troubleshooting in regard to that.
My rating here has been above mid-90s at times and I suppose I could do like some Hubbers that have far less articles but do lots of brief commenting and keep the rating up. My point about the rating not dropping below a certain point for authors with high-numbers of hubs is because articles are where the adsense goes, not on comments and 100s of article contributed takes many hours of work. I realize it's a two way street and we benefit as well as the administration if not collectively better, I just feel a minimun status for numbers of hubs at 100 or more (for example) would be reasonable.
Because you have a hubber rank in the 80s, you feel that is causing google ads to sometimes not appear?
The ads are from Google, so if they can't figure out what is relevant, then you may not see ads.
As for the amazon products. Are you using links or the ASIN or ISBN number? You only need that number to post a product.
Google ads haven't been affected whatsoever. It's my Amazon links which I am set up to post and have been doing so for two years. I have used all methods for posting Amazon links, including ISBN #s and key words. Posting them has never been a problem. This is a first in two years.
My suspicion is that either my rating caused this to happen or possibly administration thought I was promoting my own Amazon ebooks too much. If that were the case however, I would love to have heard from them before my ability to post Amazon links was blocked. I'm a comply-type-person and have always honored site policies unless inadvertantly at times I've broken a rule here and there. It's possible it's a problem not related to administration but the links had to be manually taken off and now, even when I try to post Amazon links that aren't to my own ebooks/audios, I can't do that either.
I've looked in my admin-area and my approved amazon affiliate number is still posted correctly. It's definitely not Amazon blocking my linking because I can still do so on other sites. Right now it's a mystery and I was actually hoping someone with administration might come along and reply on this thread. My experience has been that they are pretty much silent when contacted directly and may be due to very high number of contacts they get. Emails I sent in reference to questions I had the first year or so I published here also didn't receive replies, so I stopped attempting email contact.
Again, I'm almost certain the ads were blocked but I have no idea why. I also haven't posted more than 4 or 5 Amazon links per Hub and never the same one twice on one article (although audio & ebook titles can be very similar on same subjects). I'm stumped to be honest with you.
Have you checked to see if those cut ads are for items that are still available?
Are you saying that you posted anchor text links to your personal amazon products inside the body of your hub instead of using an amazon capsule? I'm pretty sure using the amazon capsule instead of text links will prevent this from happening no matter what your hub or hubber score is.
So, to be clear, you are using the Amazon capsule and for some reason the products you are expecting to be displayed are not showing up. Is that correct? Can you give me a specific example? I.e., which product is not showing up on which hub?
Your hub score has nothing to do with what is displayed in your Amazon capsules.
I think maybe I'm not being as descriptive as I should be.
These are not discontinued Amazon products/links, in fact I can use keywords to post related links and this too is blocked. Even if the block is a bug, it should not have caused Amazon links to disappear on all 244 articles (actually 245, I just posted a new Hub). Does that make sense?
I always use the capsules and have never done else-wise.
My affiliate setting in my account-area is posted fine, so I have no idea why Amazon is disallowed on my Hubs.
Also, I've been editor of websites, have created several of my own, have been trained in HTML. It's not something I'm doing incorrectly. Maybe it's a virus?
JimLow, I see Amazon products on your hub entitled "My Diagnosis Of Thyroid Disease And Adrenal Fatigue/CFS," including in your share of impressions. If you can point me to a hub that has a problem, then maybe I will be able to help.
I also thought about taking my Amazon affiliate number out of my account to see if they will post after that. If they do, I'll know it is a problem with Amazon.
I really don't care if I get the referral fee on my personal Amazon products, I just like being able to promote them on Hubs.
I'm off to test this right now!
Whoops Fawntia, our posts crossed eachother! Anyway, I'll just say that my audios that are available through Amazon's CreateSpace division are the only ones that stayed on my Hubs, the other hundreds of links all dissapeared, literally from every Hub I have here.
I'll let you know what happens when I test posting without my Amazon affiliate link in my admin-area.
My affilliate link-area won't let me "cancel" my Amazon number to test my theory to see if it's a problem at Amazon.
I'm honestly at a loss but may have to settle on posting the CreateSpace Amazon products, which will be fine with me.
It's really a strange phenomenon because literally hundreds of Amazon links simply disappeared off my Hubs.
It may simply be that Amazon has decided to remove those items from their associates program. There are some items (fancy chocolates, for example) that Amazon chooses not to include.
If that is the issue, which I'm beginning to think it might be, then I'm afraid that there isn't anything we can do about it. That is my best guess at this point.
Fawntia, even if they did remove them from the associates program, it's strange that it would cause the links to be removed. That didn't happen at the above link-example I provided from BellaOnline Thyroid Health.
I feel like a gremlin has struck (LOL)!
Ok, well if your links are still appearing on other sites, then perhaps I am wrong. All I know is that we are getting no results from Amazon when we ask them for links to certain products that you have chosen, so I think that it is probably Amazon's side of things (especially since other hubbers do not seem to be having problems).
This is what Amazon is telling us when I try to grab the item with ASIN B00275EWUA: "This item is not accessible through ECS." ECS stands form E-Commerce Service. Basically, Amazon is saying that we can't use that item. Maybe Amazon can give you more answers.
I believe you are right and it's beginning to appear to be a problem at Amazon. I've done further testing of links and these titles are available at Amazon but my associate number added, causes them not to appear.
Very strange because at BellaOnline Thyroid Health I click the adds and the link in the brower shows the affilate code!
I apologise to HubPages for originally wondering about this as being related to rating etc... Sorry about that! I did want to look at all possibilities, trying to figure this out.
I'll just move forward from here and post those it allows me to!
One more think I'll mention is that I've sold 23 ebooks this month which is considerably lower than previous months but would seem to be a reasonable number. It could be that some titles are dropped from the Associates program if sales don't meet a set minimum. The thing that hit me hardest was seeing hundreds of links drop off I spent many hours posting. Oh well.
To boost your Hubber Score, your content must be original and useful. A lot of high HubScore Hubs will lead to a higher Status. And if you have a high status, HubPages will help drive more traffic to your site. High-Status Hubbers bring great value to the Internet community. They reflect well on HubPages, and will be rewarded for their efforts."
Of course, don't take these personal, I am sure they don't mean you personally.
Amazon products are missing my codes all of a sudden.
Amazon says I need to redo most of my products, and I don't know what happened as the codes were there. Is there a fast way to do this? Can you sign in to Amazon once and then go back and forth fixing the problem. Anyone had this issue?
Why do my Amazon products keep getting snipped?
Every time I put an Amazon capsule on my articles it gets snipped. I write how it benefits people and how it relates to the article.
Whaaa! My season is over!


Summer Erzsébet-camps start on the 21st of June. Dr. Zoltán Guller, president of Hungarian National Foundation for Recreation – responsible for the implementation of Erzsébet-program -, talked about the recreation possibilities provided to tens of thousands of children this year on the Kossuth Radio.
-What is the key to Erzsébet-program's success, what are the factors you take into account when measuring the results?
-	We could measure it based on many indicators: the number of participants is an appropriate measure to prove that the Program truly carries out its mission. The number of Erzsébet-camp attendees rises from year to year and if we retrace our childhood we will remember that there are no better critics than children.
-	The numbers truly prove the success of Erzsébet-program, but will you be able to meet the constantly growing expectations towards the Erzsébet-camps?
-	Yes, since our capacity increased, the number of participants could grow as well. One of the most important developments is that we could raise the number of children participating in Erzsébet day-care from 3,000 to 15,000 children, in approx. 125 schools all over the country. Furthermore, let me highlight the Transcarpathian children's possibility to enjoy the Erzsébet-camps that start on the 20th of June: we expect almost 3,000 children living in the Transcarpathian region of Ukraine. All these actions certify our dedication to meet the challenges.
-	Lots of people – including well-known, famous people, had many positive feedbacks and thoughts regarding Erzsébet-camp. If you trace the path of Erzsébet-program from the beginning until today, what do you consider as the most outstanding achievement of the Program?
-	I always professed we are not only responsible for our children, but for every single child. Therefore, if we have the chance, we must support all of them, to provide them the possibility to go for vacation at least for a couple of days or for a week. This is the biggest achievement for me and also that well-known sportsmen and artists joined the Program to spend one week at the camps and learn, do sports and play with the children.
-	Could you involve the teacher to the Program in the last years?
-	It should be noted that the participation is on a voluntary basis and that is valid for the teachers as well who accompany the children: the Foundation provides contribution but maybe this is not major aspect: the most essential is that the teacher-children relation should exist not only within the walls of the school but it could expand to a week-long vacation at Lake Balaton as well.
-	Did you have any experience that made you change something this year?
-	Everything is on constant change as Erzsébet-camps involve lots of people: for instance there are around 2,000 children in Zánka every day in the summer. I am not saying that mistakes never happen but we work on noticing these mistakes and improve our process if it is necessary.
-	What are the long-term plans of Erzsébet-program?
-	Erzsébet-program has been launched 4 years ago. According to the experience of the first 3 years we can tell that the children's camping is the most popular and successful element of the Program. Our goal is to provide different programmes – not only at the summer holiday, but during the school year as well – to more and more children. To achieve this goal the development of the infrastructure and the involvement of more camps are necessary. I think the children's camping could be the key to Erzsébet-program's long term success.


Receives raw data on a connection.
$ResultType) /* Optional; What type of data to return.
What type of data to return.
This function receives raw data from the established connection. You may use it together with SendData to implement custom protocols using libcurl. This functionality can be particularly useful if you use proxies and/or SSL encryption: libcurl will take care of proxy negotiation and connection set-up.
BytesToRead is the maximum amount of data you want to read now. The function returns the text read, which can be less than requested.
To establish the connection, set OptionConnectOnly = true before calling Perform. Note that ReceiveData does not work on connections that were created without this option.
The call will return CURLE_AGAIN if there is no data to read - the socket is used in non-blocking mode internally. When CURLE_AGAIN is returned, wait for data to arrive.
Wait on the socket only if ReceiveData returns CURLE_AGAIN. The reason for this is libcurl or the SSL library may internally cache some data, therefore you should call ReceiveData until all data is read which would include any cached data.
Furthermore if you wait on the socket and it tells you there is data to read, ReceiveData may return CURLE_AGAIN if the only data that was read was for internal SSL processing, and no other data is available.
On success, sets error code to CURLE_OK (0) and returns the data.
On failure, returns zero and error code is set to the appropriate error code.
If there's no socket available to use from the previous transfer, this function returns CURL_EUNSUPPORTED_PROTOCOL.


Guess what? I got a frvr, and the only prescription is more hexagon themed puzzle games!
I was working so hard to fill it, and then the rows disappeared... at least I'm not alone in my struggles.
i wanted so bad to fill in the entire thing before it gave points. i was sad when it kept clearing rows.
It got a lot easier once I figured out that I didn't have to match colors. It's like hexagonal tetris. Just fill the rows!


Video / Health Topics A-Z / Plaque Psoriasis / What Has Been Your Experience With Biologic Treatment?
Alisha Bridges treats her psoriasis with a biologic, which is an injection she gives herself. In this video, she talks about side effects and her experience with this treatment.


text:
It's a busy world, and your free time is precious. Don't waste a single moment not knowing what to do or when to do it: The Moment Free time guide contains news and features on the best arts and entertainment available in Peterborough and the region.
Women in Rock
Women In Rock are thrilled to be returning to The Cresset this February!
The Famous Four & A Half Go Wild in Thetford Forest
Dad's Army and Boudicca pop up in Eastern Angles' 2019 festive musical comedy show
Interview: John Cleese
In February, a brand new version of a classic French comedy comes to the New Theatre – and it...
Shalamar Frontman HOWARD HEWETT to come to Peterborough
One of the most respected Soul & R'n'B singers in the world comes to Peterborough on Friday 6th March...
Mudlarks performed by Peterborough degree students
The BA (Hons) Performing Arts level 5 students at University Centre Peterborough are proud to present two performances of...
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat at the New Theatre
Bill Kenwright's 'Superb', 'Wonderful' and 'Brilliant' production of Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber's sparkling family musical is brought...
Cabaret at the New Theatre
Bill Kenwright brings Rufus Norris' multi-award-winning production of Kander and Ebb's landmark musical Cabaret to Peterborough's New Theatre in...
We're a venue – with bells on!
WORDS: JASON LUNN, VENUE DIRECTOR, EAST OF ENGLAND ARENA
The 'Lock In' Christmas Carol
Half gig, half dance show and half panto...
Andy Parsons: Healing the nation
Andy Parsons is on a mission with his new stand-up tour. In one simple nutshell, he's looking to heal...
<< Feb 2022 >>
Follow @momentmag


text:
'Pray for people's wellbeing' says head of Street Pastors UK as people are warned of river dangers
Tue Aug 16 2022 by Alex Collett
Chief operating officer for the umbrella organisation Ascension Trust for Street Pastors UK has told Premier Christian News we should "pray for our cities" as they warn of the dangers to life near open waters.
Shrewsbury Street Pastors have warned people, who are on a night out, to be cautious and stay together, after several deaths in the River Severn.
A safety review is being carried out by Shropshire Council after two men died earlier this year.
Eustace Constance, chief operating officer for the umbrella organisation Ascension Trust for Street Pastors UK gave Premier a few pointers for prayer.
"For me, we should be praying for people's wellbeing.
"Over the last couple of years we've had an increase of people's mental wellbeing, and they will go out and just seek to celebrate sometimes, but it is all about moderation.
"It's always about moderation and so it should be, as instructed by the Bible, let's pray for our cities.
"Let's pray for our villages and towns, that there will be people like street pastors and all those other groups that make themselves available for to be there for those people."
Toby Jones, 31, and 21-year-old Nathan Fleetwood died within weeks of each other.
Whilst a third man, Dan Walker, 31, suffered severe injuries despite being rescued.
Constance went onto say street pastors can be vital for people who are struggling with their mental health and can prevent them from making life threatening decisions.
He said: "When they're faced with those hopeless moments and decide to take a final decision on what we understand to be a temporary condition.
"That's where you do need someone who can maybe approach them gently and maybe have a conversation about that how that may not be the best decision."
Article by Alex Collett


GEO Certified™ Dundonald Links, Scotland, is delighted to announce it has been named overall winner in the 2015 International Association of Golf Tour Operators' (IAGTO) Sustainability Awards due to exceptional management standards within golf's sustainability issues – nature, water, energy, supply chain, pollution control and community.
The IAGTO report stated that Dundonald Links, near the legendary golfing town of Troon in Ayrshire, had demonstrated a deep, integrated commitment throughout all aspects of sustainability since opening in 2003 and is now recognised among the most progressive clubs in the world with its dedication to environmental and community initiatives.
IAGTO also highlighted the many activities embedded in the culture of Dundonald Links including Zero Waste, numerous and specific biodiversity projects, habitat improvements, 'outdoor classrooms' for local schools, campaigns and partnerships with a large variety of local and national organisations, and public nature trails with education boards.
The announcement was made at the 15th annual IAGTO Awards Ceremony held on 30th October at Villa Erba, Lake Como, Italy.
Earlier this year, Dundonald Links was awarded the title of UK Environmental Golf Course of the Year 2014, in addition to becoming GEO Certified™ – a symbol of great golf environments worldwide. In 2015 it will be proud host to The Aberdeen Asset Management Ladies Scottish Open presented by EventScotland and in 2016 will be host venue to the Ladies British Amateur Open.
Guy Redford, Director of Golf, Dundonald Links commented: Dundonald Links is honoured to receive this award and to be recognised for playing its part in protecting the natural world. Through our team's passion and dedication to environmental sustainability, the Club has in return become more efficient and commercially viable. In addition, our partnerships with local and national organisations and, in particular, within the local community have been extremely rewarding, supporting education, building relationships and opening doors to new opportunities.
Alongside thousand proposed activities, such as beach walks, sea fishing, hunting or horse riding, golf lives similar to any other.
Totally natural, the famous designer Kyle Phillips was able to enroll in the natural contours of the land.
Unique with 12 holes, the course is open to everyone, young and old, beginners and accomplished golfer.


A Montgomery County jury on Tuesday ordered Exxon Mobil Corporation to pay Alabama $3.5 billion for an alleged scheme to cheat the state out of natural gas royalties.
Exxon Mobil will appeal the verdict and won't have to pay the award while appeals are pending. Company attorneys maintain Exxon Mobil has paid its fair share.
The jury of eight women and four men deliberated about 2* hours Tuesday morning before reaching a verdict. The jury heard two weeks of testimony and saw Exxon Mobil documents that state attorneys said proved fraud.
"There are four other oil companies that need to get the message that Alabama is minding the store," said John Crowder, a Mobile attorney who represented the state. "If you steal, you're going to get punished."
The state has four similar lawsuits against other oil companies, and Crowder said Exxon Mobil turned down the state's offer of a $600 million settlement before the trial.
The jury agreed with the state's argument that Exxon Mobil failed to pay $87.7 million it owed between 1993 and 1999 for 13 natural gas wells in state waters near Dauphin Island and Fort Morgan. Exxon Mobil signed leases in 1981 and 1984, agreeing to pay royalties of 25 percent to 28 percent on the gas produced and sold. The wells began producing in 1993.
The state argued the leases required payments on gross revenue, while Exxon Mobil contended it could deduct some expenses.
In addition to $87.7 million in compensatory damages for the alleged underpayment, the state's lawyers asked the jury for $3 billion in punitive damages. The jury upped the punitive award to $3.42 billion.
State attorneys said that was fair, alleging that Exxon Mobil stood to defraud the state out of at least $1 billion over the life of the gas wells, which are projected to produce for 20 to 30 more years.
"They stood to gain another one to two billion," Crowder said. "The ratio of (punitive damages to compensatory damages) is only 3-to-1. That's a very reasonable ratio."
Joe Espy, a Montgomery attorney representing Exxon Mobil, could not be reached for comment.
Espy's office referred questions to Exxon Mobil spokesman Tom Cirigliano, who said the company "strongly disagrees" with the verdict.
"The punitive award is meritless," Cirigliano said, reading a prepared statement. "No evidence of fraud was offered by the department at the trial and none was considered by the jury."
The jury award could be changed by Montgomery County Circuit Judge Tracy McCooey, who heard the case. It could also be changed on appeal.
Ted Hosp, legal advisor for Gov. Don Siegelman, said it was unclear where all the money would go if the state prevails on appeals.
Under a constitutional amendment approved by voters in 1985, royalties go into the Alabama Trust Fund, a savings account with more than $1 billion. Earnings from the fund help pay for state government.
On Nov. 7, voters approved another amendment, pushed by Siegelman, to allow 35 percent of the annual royalties to be used for roads, bridges, labs and other infrastructure.
The law firm of Mobile attorneys Crowder, Richard Dorman and Robert Cunningham would receive 14 percent of the award if it stands, or about $490 million. Hosp said that percentage was negotiated. Dorman said the firm usually gets 33 percent of awards.
The other cases pending are against Amoco, Shell, Hunt and Mobil. Crowder said he did not know how much the state would claim in underpayment or punitive damages in those cases. He said Exxon Mobil's alleged underpayment was the largest of the five.
State attorneys showed the jury documents they said proved Exxon Mobil's intent to deduct costs and take other steps to reduce payments to the state, even though it knew those weren't allowed under the leases.
"We have nine Exxon documents that clearly show they recognized the state's position was correct," Crowder said. "But they did a business risk analysis and concluded that if they decided to underpay the royalties and if they do get caught, all they would have to do is give the money back, plus interest and the cost of the litigation."
Cirigliano said Mobil Exxon made its interpretation of the lease clear before investing more than $1 billion to develop the 13 wells and refining facilities.
Natural gas was discovered in state waters off Mobile Bay in 1979. In the 1980s, oil companies placed bids for the right to pump and sell the gas. Exxon paid $585 million for rights to the gas.
Crowder said the state discovered the underpayments during a 1995 audit.
One Exxon Mobil document mentioned Alabama's "inexperienced regulatory staff and processes."
"They decided, because of an inexperienced staff, they were going to sneak something by the state of Alabama," Dorman said.
Siegelman issued a prepared statement.
"The verdict is appropriate, because it is against a company that has attempted to cheat the people of Alabama out of more than $1 billion," Siegelman said.


Mr. Hu began his career at Merrill Lynch as an analyst in the Global Commercial Real Estate Investment Banking group. At Merrill Lynch, he was actively involved in M&A and LBO advisory assignments, as well as public capital offerings. In 2009, he joined Five Mile Capital Partners in the Real Estate Acquisitions group. At Five Mile, he was actively involved in transactions across all levels of the capital stack, with a special focus on distressed situations. Mr. Hu joined Edge as an Associate in 2010, was promoted to a Senior Associate in 2012, to Vice President in 2013, and subsequently to Managing Director in 2015. Mr. Hu graduated as a Sommerfeld Scholar from the University of Texas at Austin with both a M.S. and B.S. in Accounting in 2007.


text:
Del Monte canned green beans line is Upcycled Certified
Source:Del Monte Foods, Inc. Date:2021-11-17
Del Monte Foods, Inc. is helping to lead the upcycled food movement with the industry's first canned vegetable product to be Upcycled Certified by the Upcycled Food Association, the world's only third-party certification programme for upcycled food ingredients and products. Del Monte® Blue Lake® Petite Cut and Blue Lake® Farmhouse Cut Green Beans are made with 100% upcycled and sustainably grown green beans from Wisconsin and Illinois.
"As growers of good, Del Monte Foods is committed to producing healthy food that nourishes people and our planet," said Greg Longstreet, President and CEO of Del Monte Foods. "Having our green beans as the industry's first canned vegetable product to be Upcycled Certified is a reflection of our team's dedication to always ensuring that nutritious food reaches its highest and best purpose, while protecting our planet for future generations."
According to the USDA, food waste is estimated to represent 30-40% of the food supply each year, which has devastating consequences for people and the planet. Millions of people globally don't get enough food to eat each day, while rotting food in landfills is a major producer of greenhouse gas emissions. It's estimated that if 50–75% of food waste is reduced by 2050, up to 26 gigatons of carbon dioxide emissions could be avoided.
Through its Upcycled Certified Green Bean products, Del Monte re-directed approximately 600,000 pounds of surplus green beans last year, helping to provide healthy and affordable food, while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Del Monte will continue to identify opportunities to expand its upcycling efforts across its portfolio of brands.
"Some of our most exciting Upcycled Certified products are from Del Monte Foods -- because they are so recognisable by the average consumer," said Turner Wyatt, CEO and Co-founder of the Upcycled Food Association. "When people hear the term 'upcycled,' they often think the product is going to be something they have never tried before. Nope. These are the green beans we have been eating our whole lives. The only difference is that by choosing the Upcycled Certified ones, consumers are actively preventing food waste."
As a part of Del Monte's mission to nourish families with earth's goodness, the company has been partnering with Feeding America since 2010 to package upcycled green beans, peaches and pears. As a result, approximately 350,000 cases of nutritious food per year are delivered to communities in need.
"We're thrilled to support the upcycled food movement. By reincorporating nutritious ingredients into our products, we can create delicious food that is beneficial to people and the earth," said Molly Laverty, Senior Manager of Environmental & Social Governance of Del Monte Foods. "Preventing food waste is one of the most important ways we can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and continue to grow good for our communities, the planet and all those who depend on us for healthy, nourishing foods."
To learn more about Del Monte Foods' sustainability efforts and to read its 2021 sustainability report, visit https://www.delmontefoods.com/sustainability.


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#ParadigmShift Campaign Launched In NYC For Public Banking
By Staff, Publicbankinginstitute.org
#ParadigmShift Campaign Launched In NYC For Public Banking2018-06-082018-06-08https://popularresistance-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/2017/12/popres-shorter.pngPopularResistance.Orghttps://popularresistance-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/2018/06/180607_public_bank_nyc_launch_1026-1.jpg200px200px
Above Photo: Public Banks NYC campaign launch. Photos courtesy New Economy Project
Activists from more than two dozen grassroots organizations including New Economy Project and Public Bank NYC took to the streets of Wall Street on Tuesday to launch a campaign for a NYC Public Bank. Carrying signs reading "Public Bank for Public Good," and chanting, "Wells, Chase, B of A, public bank's a better way!" advocates called for a paradigm shift:
"Every year, New York City deposits billions of dollars of public money in big banks like Chase, Bank of America, and Citibank. On top of that, Wall Street extracts many millions of dollars in fees and interest from New York City. This means that our public money is supporting Wall Street's destructive activities: foreclosing on our homes, fueling the climate crisis, redlining communities of color, backing private prisons and immigrant detention centers, and financing war — to name a few.
"Enough! Clearly we need a paradigm shift, and we call that shift Public Bank NYC."
Julia Conley reports in Common Dreams:
"'New York deserves a public bank that will invest in community needs, and be accountable to New York City residents—one that will prioritize housing…and not prey on low-income New Yorkers,' said Scott Hutchins, a member of the grassroots social justice group Picture the Homeless. …
"'With the Trump Administration and Congress handing out massive corporate tax breaks, rolling back federal financial reform, and gutting the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, Wall Street is heading straight for another crisis,' said Deyanira Del Rio, Co-Director of New Economy Project. 'A public bank will allow New York City to deposit our public money with a bank that belongs to New Yorkers.' …
"'Here's the deal: New York City currently deposits billions of public dollars in the big Wall Street banks,' said Stephan Edel, director of New York Working Families. "These bankers make millions off these deposits and high fees, while providing little benefit to the City, small businesses, and residents of New York. Our money should be put to use in our communities.'"
Coalition members included:
NYPIRG, The Working World, New York Communities for Change, Brooklyn Cooperative Federal Credit Union, Lower East Side People's Federal Credit Union, New Economy Project, The Black Institute, University Neighborhood Housing Program (UNHP), Enlace, Queens Legal Services, Public Bank NYC, Picture the Homeless, Pan-African Community Development Initiative, Debt Collective.
NYC Public Banking


Again, a great service from Modelhobbies !
a sort of sado-masochism feeling but... No, it's just pleasure.
I've got some time to take care of the blog so i can post, I know that I left it some weeks ago due to the "huge amount of work" (in real life, this time...).
Organisation, I worship you ! Let me in your sweet divine grace !


For doe I now perswade men, or God? or doe I seeke to please men? For if I yet pleased men, I should not bee the seruant of Christ.
For is it man's favour or God's that I aspire to? Or am I seeking to please men? If I were still a man-pleaser, I should not be Christ's bondservant.
For now whether counsele Y men, or God? or whether Y seche to plese men? If Y pleside yit men, Y were not Cristis seruaunt.


WizKids is pleased to announce the upcoming release of Palm Trees, its new dexterity game of lush leaves and fabulous fronds!
North Star Games is positively effervescent to announce the release of Oceans - a stand-alone strategy game in the acclaimed Evolution game series.
USAopoly and FOX Consumer Products announced plans to release Die Hard: The Nakatomi Heist Board Game this spring.
Upper Deck, the industry leader in sports and entertainment trading cards and collectibles, kicks off its 30th anniversary this week.
Chase across time to catch a chrono-criminal in Looney Labs' latest pick-up and delivery game, Time Breaker!
Can't wait for the next season of Stranger Things? No worries. Hasbro is releasing a Stranger Things D&D starter pack that's coming out in May.
North Star Games will give away 1,000 Evolution board games to celebrate the launch of Evolution: The Video Game.
Architects of the West Kingdom is the first in the West Kingdom Trilogy of games co-published by Renegade Game Studios and Garphill Games.
Reinvention and reincarnation reign supreme in the Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game this February, as the past is forged anew with three new releases.
Upper Deck announced today the launch of Pack Wars on the company's patent pending e-Pack platform.


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Q: Unable to create smooth animation in SDL 2 I am having an issue with animation in SDL 2. I tried two possible solutions to cap frame rate:
one using a constant sleep of 16ms (just for testing) and an other using a timer for more accurate frame capping (runGameLoop_computed game loop function).
For testing purposes I am just drawing and moving a rectangle using the SDL_RenderFillRect function, but both game loop methods create jittering in the movement of the rectangle.
Do you have any idea about what is wrong here and the animation is not smooth?
The complete code is this:
#include <iostream>
#include <SDL.h>
#include <chrono>
#include <thread>
#include <math.h>

using namespace std;

//sdl window and window renderer pointers
static SDL_Window *gWindow;
static SDL_Renderer *windowRenderer;

//terminates the app when users closes the window
static bool exitAppFlag = false;

static int window_width = 1000;
static double position_x = 0; // current x position to draw the rectangle
static double delta_time = 0; // the time passed since last draw

//initilizes SDL and displays the application window
void initSDL()
{
    if( SDL_Init( SDL_INIT_VIDEO ) < 0 )
    {
        printf( "SDL could not initialize! SDL Error: %s\n", SDL_GetError() );
    }
    else
    {
        printf( "SDL ok \n");

        //Create window
        gWindow = SDL_CreateWindow( "Tank Multiplayer", SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED, window_width, 500, SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN);

        if( gWindow == nullptr )
        {
            printf( "Window could not be created! SDL Error: %s\n", SDL_GetError() );
        }
        else
        {
            //Create renderer for window
            windowRenderer = SDL_CreateRenderer( gWindow, -1, SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED);
            //windowRenderer = SDL_CreateRenderer( gWindow, -1, SDL_RENDERER_SOFTWARE);

            if(windowRenderer == nullptr )
            {
                printf( "Renderer could not be created! SDL Error: %s\n", SDL_GetError() );
            }
            else
            {
                //Initialize renderer color
                SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(windowRenderer, 0, 0, 255, 255);
                //SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(windowRenderer, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 );
            }
        } //SDL_CreateWindow

    }
}

//part of game loop: processes events (currently handles only window close event)
void processEvents()
{
    SDL_Event p_event;
    while (SDL_PollEvent(&p_event) != 0){
        if (p_event.type == SDL_EventType::SDL_QUIT){
            //if the user closed the window, then set the flag to true, so that we can exit the application
            exitAppFlag = true;
            return;
        }
    }

}

//part of game loop: updates the position_x variable based on the time passed since the last time (delta_time)
void update()
{
    static double speed = 0.0532;
    position_x += delta_time * speed;
    if (position_x > window_width) position_x = 0;
}

//part of game loop: draws the rectange to the screen
void draw()
{
    SDL_Rect r;
    r.h = 300;
    r.w = 100;
    r.x = static_cast<int>(round(position_x));
    r.y = 0;
    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(windowRenderer, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 );
    SDL_RenderClear(windowRenderer);
    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(windowRenderer, 0, 0, 255, 255);
    SDL_RenderFillRect(windowRenderer, &r);
    SDL_RenderPresent(windowRenderer);
}

//game loop: frame capping based on the given fps
void runGameLoop_computed()
{
    static double fps = 60;
    static double single_frame_time_micro = (1000 / fps) * 1000;
    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::high_resolution_clock>begin_time_point = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();//stores the time point before processing game objects and drawing
    long long delta_time_micro = 0;

    while (!exitAppFlag) {
        delta_time_micro  = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now() - begin_time_point).count();
        if (delta_time_micro < single_frame_time_micro){
            std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds(static_cast<long long>(single_frame_time_micro - delta_time_micro)));
            delta_time_micro = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now() - begin_time_point).count();
        }
        delta_time = delta_time_micro / 1000.00;
        //std::cout <<  delta_time << std::endl;

        begin_time_point = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();//stores the time point before processing game objects and drawing

        processEvents();
        update();
        draw();
    }
}

//game loop: constant sleep time 16 ms, almost 60fps
void runGameLoop_static()
{
    delta_time = 16.0;
    while (!exitAppFlag) {
        SDL_Delay(16);

        processEvents();
        update();
        draw();
    }
}

int main()
{
    //initilize SDL library and create window
    initSDL();

    //enter game loop
    //runGameLoop_static(); //constant sleep time 16ms
    runGameLoop_computed(); //frame capping based on given fps

    return 0;
}

Inside the main function you can uncomment witch method to test:
runGameLoop_static
or
runGameLoop_computed
I uploaded the complete Qt project here (macOS) : https://www.sendspace.com/file/1p4oqq

A: I'm not sure if this will solve the jittering problem (it might), but you can increase your accuracy of hitting your target 60 frames/sec by sleeping until a time point, as opposed to sleeping for a time duration.  This makes your loop logic simpler, relieving you of trying to compute how long it takes to process each frame.
void
runGameLoop_computed()
{
    using FrameDuration = std::chrono::duration<int, std::ratio<1, 60>>;
    auto next_start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + FrameDuration{1};

    while (!exitAppFlag)
    {
        processEvents();
        update();
        draw();

        std::this_thread::sleep_until(next_start);
        next_start += FrameDuration{1};
    }
}

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