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Guillaume Briçonnet (ur. w 1470 w Paryżu, zm. 24 stycznia 1534 w Esmans) – francuski biskup.

Życiorys
Urodził się w 1470 roku w Paryżu, jako syn Guillaume'a starszego. Jego bratem był Denis. W 1489 roku został biskupem Lodève. Ludwik XII mianował go kapelanem królowej, a następnie wysłał go do Rzymu, jako specjalnego ambasadora, w celu usprawiedliwienia zachowania księcia wobec oskarżeń Maksymiliana I. W 1515 roku został przeniesiony go diecezji Meaux. Przez dwa lata pełnił również rolę ambasadora przy Leonie X. Odłam zakonu franciszkanów oskarżył go o herezję, jednak biskup został uniewinniony od tego zarzutu. Zmarł 24 stycznia 1534 roku w Esmans.

Przypisy

Biskupi Lodève
Urodzeni w 1470
Zmarli w 1534
Ludzie urodzeni w Paryżu


New chief of police for Stratford, St. Marys and Perth South appointed in Ont.
Greg Skinner, a Stratford native whose 31-year career in law enforcement has most recently seen him serve as the Ontario Provincial Police Director of Operations at the West Region headquarters in London, Ont., has been appointed as the new chief of police for Stratford, St. Marys and Perth South.
Police Chief Ian Naylor is retiring from the Amherst Police Department in Nova Scotia after 40 years in policing.
RCMP Deputy Commissioner Gilles Michaud has been appointed Interpol's Delegate for the Americas during the organization's general assembly in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, this week.
Bill Moore (photo), the executive director of the Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police, and Insp. Dan Jones of the Edmonton Police Service have become the first two Canadians to graduate from Cambridge University with a Masters of Studies in Applied Criminology and Police Management.
Serge Therriault of the RCMP begins a new chapter of his career as the UN Police Commissioner for the Mission des Nations unies pour l'appui à la Justice en Haïti (United Nations Mission for Justice Support in Haiti).
The Ottawa Police Services Board announced Uday Jaswal as the new deputy chief of police for the Ottawa Police Service (OPS).
Supt. Robertson Rouse has been selected as deputy chief of police for the York Regional Police (YRP).
Assistant Commissioner Peter Clark, the 18th commanding officer of RCMP Newfoundland and Labrador, has retired after nearly 37 years of service.
The Fredericton Police Force (FPF), with its sincerest sympathies, shared news of the passing of retired Fredericton Police Chief Gordon "Mac" Carlisle (1940-2018).
Sgt. Sandy Harvey retired from the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary (RNC) after 37 years.
The Leduc RCMP in Alberta have promoted Sgt. Dale Kendall to the rank of inspector and detachment commander.
Const. Rose Grant was honoured as B.C. RCMP's longest-serving instructor of the Drug Abuse Resistance Education (D.A.R.E.) program at a ceremony at the Merritt, B.C., detachment this past summer.
The chief of the Nishnawbe-Aski Police Service (NAPS), Terry Armstrong, has announced his retirement.
A number of Canadian women were recently honoured as part of the International Association of Women Police (IAWP) Foundation's 2018 Annual Recognition Programme.
The Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police (CACP) announced Chief Constable Adam Palmer of the Vancouver Police Department (VPD) has been elected to serve as the new president of the association for a two-year term.


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The Winter Riding-Hall is primarily intended for the partners of the NCDT (National Theatre and Dance Centre) Project to hold social, cultural, educational, and scientific events. At times when it is vacant, its facility can be used for other non-commercial or commercial activities.
The Riding-Hall is equipped with independent catering facilities, facilities for performers, cloakroom, and direct access to the toilets. The Riding-Hall has 4 entrances – for performers, deliverers, catering, and the main entrance is through the castle premises. The area also includes 2 balconies and 3 lounges with separate entrances. Another part is the lounge with the balustrade above the Riding-Hall, also with a separate entrance from the courtyard.
The area is fully barrier free.
The area is equipped with efficient heating and air conditioning, electricity capacity (up to 8x 400 V x 32A) for whatever sound and lighting system.
There are 800 chairs, 50 mobile stage parts 2 x 1 m, bistro tables, basic sound system, screens and projectors available.
Capacity: maximum 800 seats in the theatre arrangement; maximum standing room for 1 200 people.


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Lepanto, 1571: The Battle That Saved Europe
Crisis Magazine ^ | December 2006 | H. W. Crocker III
Posted on 12/30/2006 6:14:41 AM PST by NYer
The clash of civilizations is as old as history, and equally as old is the blindness of those who wish such clashes away; but they are the hinges, the turning points of history. In the latter half of the 16th century, Muslim war drums sounded and the mufti of the Ottoman sultan proclaimed jihad, but only the pope fully appreciated the threat. As Brandon Rogers notes in the Ignatius Press edition of G. K. Chesterton's poem "Lepanto": Pope Pius V "understood the tremendous importance of resisting the aggressive expansion of the Turks better than any of his contemporaries appear to have. He understood that the real battle being fought was spiritual; a clash of creeds was at hand, and the stakes were the very existence of the Christian West." But then, as now, the unity of Christendom was shattered; and in the aftermath of the Protestant revolt, Islam saw its opportunity.
The Ottoman Empire, the seat of Islamic power, looked to control the Mediterranean. Corsairs raided from North Africa; the Sultan's massive fleet anchored the eastern Mediterranean; and Islamic armies ranged along the coasts of Africa, the Middle and Near East, and pressed against the Adriatic; Muslim armies threatened the Habsburg Empire through the Balkans.
The Ottoman Turks yearned to bring all Europe within the dar al-Islam, the "House of Submission"—submissive to the sharia law. Europe, as the land of the infidels, was the dar al-Harb, the "House of War."
But the House of War was a house divided against itself. The Habsburg Empire was Europe's bulwark against Islamic jihad, but its timbers were being eaten away by the Protestants who diverted Catholic armies and even cheered on the Mussulmen, whom they saw as fellow enemies of the pope in Rome.
In 1568, the emperor Maximilian, of the Austrian half of the Habsburg Empire, had agreed to a peace treaty with the Turk; and the Danube was reasonably, temporarily, quiet.
In Spain, the other great pillar of the Habsburg Empire was Philip II. And for him, things were not quiet at all. We think of Philip II as dark and brooding, and so he was—to the degree that it is surprising to remember that he was blue-eyed and fair-haired. But the lasting image, especially to those of English (even Catholic English) blood, is Chesterton's sketch; as King Philip is in his "closet with the Fleece about his neck":
The walls are hung with velvet that is black and soft as sin,
And little dwarfs creep out of it and little dwarfs creep in . . . .
And his face is as a fungus of a leprous white and grey
Like plants in the high houses that are shuttered from the day . . . .
As a ruler, Philip was harsh, saturnine, and austere. He embodied a scrupulousness that went beyond a personal failing to become a public vice, where there was no room for charity and far too much room for plottings and calculations, which, though they always had the protection of the Faith as their goal, were too admixed with lesser, baser metals than the gold of the monstrance.
Philip's knights had ranged into the New World and were carving out a vast empire, its extent virtually beyond imagining, whence came gold and other treasures. That, Philip knew, was the future. But to his immediate north was the menace.
Europe Divided
Philip was no friend of the Mohammedan, and the Mussulmen remained a persistent threat to Spain's possession of Naples and Sicily. Spanish vessels clashed throughout the Mediterranean with Barbary corsairs. At that very moment, Spanish infantry were suppressing the Morisco revolt of apparently unconverted Moors. But Philip trusted that Spain was well equipped to defeat the Mussulmen. That was old hat.
But Protestantism was something relatively new. It was treason and heresy. And, though Philip would not have been so eloquent, it was worse:
The North is full of tangled things and texts and aching eyes,
And dead is all the innocence of anger and surprise,
And Christian killeth Christian in a narrow dusty room,
And Christian dreadeth Christ that hath a newer face of doom,
And Christian hateth Mary that God kissed in Galilee . . . .
Where the Austrian Habsburgs hoped against hope for conciliation with their own violent, Teutonic Protestants, Philip II trusted to his renowned Spanish infantry. They had the answer that Protestantism deserved.
The pope had no sympathy for Protestants either, but for him, as for previous popes, Islam remained the real threat. The pope felt he had many urgent tasks to attend to, but the vital one was confronting the Islamic challenge.
Pope Pius V, like Philip, was no exemplar of rubicund, jovial Christianity such as the Italians preferred. He thought the Church had seen too much of that, with the concomitant slackness in Renaissance morals and an excessive generosity to Protestant error. He had never known the high life. He was a former shepherd, an ascetic, a Dominican, and an inquisitor. Though much of a mind with Philip, he had a finer balanced spiritual core that kept him from Philip's failings. As a pope, he was a reformer, and brought a monastic purity to the organization and administration of the Church, to a review of the religious orders, to educating the faithful, to evangelizing, and to caring for the poor (which he did personally).
If Christendom was split asunder—with even Philip disputing papal control of the Church in Spain—the pope nevertheless had the spiritual and temporal authority, the presence of a future saint, to assemble a Holy League, a fighting force that included Catholic knights not only from the papal states and the Knights of Malta, but from Italy, Germany, and Spain; and even from England, Scotland, and Scandinavia, Catholics and freebooters, gentleman adventurers and convicts condemned to row the galleys.
France, la belle France, would be present in the Knights, but not as a party itself. The great period of the fleur de lis had passed away with the end of the Crusader kingdoms. Now the king of France could support no venture in league with the Habsburgs, whose dominions surrounded him. Worse, he was quite willing to cut deals with the Mohammedans in order to turn Muslim corsairs against Genoese and Spaniards and away from Frenchmen (unless they were Knights of Malta, where Frenchmen of the old school continued to thrive). So the French king, from the line of Valois, Charles IX, pleaded exhaustion from having to fight the Huguenots. Even less willing to cooperate with the pope was Protestant England, whose Virgin Queen was establishing a cult around herself and a church subordinate to her will. The sad result of French realpolitik and English apostasy was that the sons of Richard Coeur-de-Lion sat this one out:
And the Pope has cast his arms abroad for agony and loss,
And called the kings of Christendom for swords about the Cross.
The cold queen of England is looking in the glass;
The shadow of the Valois is yawning at the Mass . . . .
A Rude Awakening for Venice
Others, who might also occasionally yawn at Mass, nevertheless were enthusiasts for a crusade against the Turk—this was most especially true of the merchant Republic of Venice. It is one of the many commonly accepted myths of history that Protestants invented capitalism, but Venice is proof that Catholic states were exercising their capitalist muscles centuries before Luther burped into his tankard or Calvin had his first glint of his predestined salvation and others' predestined damnation.
The Venetians were prime exponents of the capitalist art. They were, in fact, something like the entrepreneurs of modern Hong Kong, to the extent that their city was built in a lagoon, the buildings actually resting on logs; and the Venetians enjoyed great economic success despite having no natural resources to speak of, save the sea.
No one knows exactly when Venice was founded, but it was during the Roman Empire, perhaps in the fifth century. By the early Middle Ages it was an established city-state and had carved out a commercial and territorial empire—the territory necessary to protect and extend Venetian commerce.
As with all men of commerce, the Venetians' preferred mode of interaction was trade: They wanted to make money, not war. But they realized that, as the similarly minded Thomas Jefferson realized half a millennium later, "Our commerce on the ocean . . . must be paid for by frequent war." Still, given the choice, just as Churchill thought "to jaw-jaw is always better than to war-war," the Venetians thought ka-ching–ka-ching was better than war-war.
As such, crusades called by the pope merely for the sake of repelling the Mussulmen had no appeal to them. The Mohammedan was a customer, after all—and the customer is always (at least up to the point of heresy) publicly right, even if the merchant secretly despises him.
The Venetians, however, had been forced to come to some sober conclusions about Islamic aggression in the eastern Mediterranean. In 1565, the Ottomans had laid siege to the island of Malta, which was defended by the Knights Hospitallers (also known as the Knights of St. John; or, given their new home, the Knights of Malta). For four months the gallant Knights threw back the besieging Turks, inflicting massive losses on the enemy, who finally called it quits after the Knights were reinforced by Spain.
The Ottomans hated the Knights, but reckoned that Venetian-held Cyprus was easier pickings, and five years later it was Cyprus that was besieged. Now Venice, which had ignored previous papal calls to defend the Mediterranean against Mohammedan raiders, was itself in the firing line. As was good business practice, the Venetians were not caught unprepared. Their insurance policy was the Venetian Arsenal, which built and held the merchant republic's mighty naval forces. The arsenal, however, had caught fire in late 1569; and in February 1570 the Ottoman mufti Ebn Said, on behalf of Sultan Selim II, declared a jihad against the Christians on Cyprus. Selim was known as "the Sot" for his rather un-Islamic drinking habits. He also had the distinction of having blond hair. Despite his heavy drinking, he, like Philip II, was not a blond who had more fun. With his harem, free-flowing alcohol, and access to all the pleasures that the devout expected only to find in paradise, he tramped his palace in depression and rage against the infidel and Western decadence. While no soldier or sailor himself, he lent his full support to every corsair who would attack Western shipping, to every expansion of the Ottoman navy, and to the siege of Cyprus.
The Muslim Onslaught
The Turks came on with 70,000 men, including their shock troops, the praetorian guard of the sultan, the Janissaries—Christian youths taken as taxation from their families, trained up in the art of war, converted to Islam, and given the power of the sword and the possibility of advancement.
The Catholic defenders of Cyprus were frightfully outnumbered—by about 7 to 1—but then again, the Knights of Malta had faced even stiffer odds. The two key points in Cyprus were Nicosia and Famagusta. The city of Nicosia held out for nearly seven weeks. Finally, reduced to 500 soldiers, it surrendered, expecting the civilians to be spared, even as the Christian troops were enslaved. Instead, the Muslim attackers butchered every Christian they could find—20,000 victims, murdered regardless of rank, sex, or age, save perhaps for 1,000 women and children who would be sold as slaves. The Mussulmen knew something about commerce, too, and those with an eye for harem-flesh tried to spare the most valuable Europeans.
That left the former Crusader fortress of Famagusta as the only defensible point on the island. Inspired by the Turks' display of severed Venetian heads from Nicosia, the Christian soldiers put up a stiff defense and were at one point resupplied by gallant Venetian sailors.
But the man most devoted to the relief of Famagusta was Pope Pius V. It was his incessant diplomacy that finally brought together the forces of the papal states, the Knights of Malta, Venice, its smaller rival Genoa, the Savoyards, and, most important, Spain and its possessions Naples and Sicily to form the Holy League. The pope did not punish Venice for its failure to support previous papal calls to combat. He was above such pettiness. He only wanted to restore Christendom. He knew, however, that there were national and personal rivalries and hatreds aplenty within his League, and it would take enormous tact to hold the League together and lead it to victory against the Turk and to the relief of Cyprus.
For the brave defenders of Famagusta, it was too late. In August 1571, after ten months of resistance, the Venetian commander Marco Antonio Bragadino gave in to civilian pressure and opened negotiations with the Turks. Terms were agreed: The garrison would be exiled, the people spared. The troops were disarmed and boarded transports—and then they and their commanders were slaughtered. But for Marco Antonio, the Mohammedans reserved a special torture. He was not killed immediately. Instead, his nose and ears were severed, and, as T. C. F. Hopkins has it in Confrontation at Lepanto:
He was pilloried in Famagusta and dragged around the Ottoman camp in nothing but a loincloth and a donkey's saddle and made to kiss the ground in front of Lala Mustapha's tent. The Ottoman soldiers were encouraged to throw garbage and excrement on him, and to mock his misery, and to pull hairs from his
beard . . . . Lala Mustapha himself came out to spit on the Venetian and to empty his chamber pot over the old man's head . . . .
And even that was not the end of it. Marco Antonio—still, for the moment, alive—was flayed, skinned like a trophy, and then his corpse was stuffed and sent to the sultan, who had the prize stored in a warehouse of other human trophies—a slave prison.
Don Juan Takes to the Sea
But for this outrage, the pope had an answer, and he had found the man to deliver it. Among all the courageous, experienced, jostling commanders in his unruly Holy League, he chose a handsome 24-year-old. The young man, raised on tales of chivalry, was a student of war and an experienced commander, with a track record of victory against the Moriscos. He was also the bastard son of the late, great Charles V, which gave him good bloodlines as bastards go. He was Don Juan of Austria.
Don Juan was also the half-brother of Philip II, who treated him with the cold, brooding calculation one might expect, and an apparent jealousy that one might not. Philip was pleased that Don Juan's elevation affirmed Spain's leading role in the Holy League. But he did everything he could to tie Don Juan's authority to his other Spanish commanders and thus to himself. When the decks were readied for action, however, such constraints had of necessity fallen away, and Don Juan the swashbuckler took full command.
Where, risen from a doubtful seat and half-attainted stall,
The last knight of Europe takes weapons from the wall,
The last and lingering troubadour to whom the bird has sung,
That once went singing southward when all the world was young,
In that enormous silence, tiny and unafraid,
Comes up along a winding road the noise of the Crusade.
His first victory was keeping the Venetians, the Genoese, and the Spaniards from killing each other. His second was more important: Against urgings of caution from some of his commanders—most especially the Genoese Admiral Giovanni Andrea Doria—Don Juan of Austria pressed his fleet forward to the attack.
Andrea Doria had reason to fear. If defeating the Turkish fleet required the united naval force of Christendom, what chance had this cobbled-together coalition of fractious rivals commanded by a 24-year-old who, though he had fought corsairs, had sought instruction in commanding so huge a fleet from Don Garcia de Toledo? Don Garcia had once been renowned as a tough old naval warrior, but having run afoul of Philip II, he had been forced into retirement, his reputation blackened. Don Juan, however, trusted him, and believed his advice would be unsullied by Spanish politicking. And Don Juan, fortunately, was right, for in the words of Jack Beeching in The Galleys at Lepanto, he "had the fate of the civilized world placed in his hands."
The Turks had an estimated 328 ships, of which 208 were galleys, the rest being smaller supporting craft. Aboard them were nearly 77,000 men, including 10,000 Janissaries, but also 50,000 oarsmen, many of them Christian slaves. At Don Juan's command were 206 galleys, along with 40,000 oarsmen and sailors, and more than 28,000 soldiers, knights, and gentleman adventurers. He also had the blessings of the pope and the papal banner; the ministrations of Jesuits, Dominicans, Franciscans, and Capuchins who accompanied the fleet; the prayers of the faithful; and the rosaries that were pressed into the hands of every Christian oarsman.
The Catholic armada had been spotted by Muslim spy ships (painted entirely black so that they cruised through the night unnoticed). They reported that the Christians would be no match for the Ottoman fleet. On October 7, 1571, Don Juan's lookouts raised the alarm as the Christian ships entered the Gulf of Patras. The Ottomans, from their naval base at Lepanto in the adjacent Gulf of Corinth, had formed a battle line, its front arrayed in three "battles," as were the Christians (though the battle had started before Andrea Doria, commanding the Catholic right flank, could bring his ships fully in line). Ahead of Don Juan's three battles was a wedge of galleasses—slower, less maneuverable gunships that made up for their lack of mobility with their unrivaled firepower.
The battle was met, the galleasses drawing first blood, splintering Turkish decks and Turkish men. But the Ottomans sailed around them; the goal, to grapple with the Catholic ships and turn the battle into a floating melee of Muslim scimitars, bows, and muskets against Catholic swords, pikes, and arquebuses.
Cannons erupted, arrows rained on the Christians, and arquebuses spat back balls of lead. When the ships closed, grappling hooks threw them together; the Christians hurled nets to repel boarders and followed up with gunfire. Still, the fighting closed to hand-to-hand aboard decks. Catholics turned swivel guns on the enemy ships, and the Turkish bowmen fired dark volleys of arrows that claimed the life of Agostini Barbarigo, commander of the Catholic left wing, whose eye was pierced when he raised his visor to issue orders.
Ottoman ships tried to turn the left flank of the Christian line, and while they appeared to succeed, the Catholic ships responded—amid a blinding hail of cannon blasts, arrows, grenades, and gunfire—in pinning the Muslim ships against Scropha Point. There, against the shoals, the Muslim vessels were trapped—and, at first, the Mohammedans fought with the ferocity of trapped animals. But more Catholic ships joined the battle, and what had been the right of the Ottoman line began to splinter, the Christian slaves on the Ottoman ships revolted, and Ottoman captains and crews, sensing disaster, beached their ships, hoping to escape to shore. By early afternoon, the Catholic left had emerged victorious.
At the head of the Catholic center was Don Juan aboard the flagship Real. For him, and for the Muslim commander Ali Pasha, the battle was a joust. They fired shots to announce their presence one to the other, and then drove to the clash, using their galleys as steeds. The ships crashed together, Don Juan in the lead, and everywhere the line erupted with explosions of cannons, bombs, gunfire, and the clash of swords and battle axes, while silent-flying deadly arrows thudded into timber and men.
It appeared that in this violent shipyard scrum, Don Juan's ship and men were getting the worst of it—despite the handsome hero's pet monkey hurling Ottoman grenades back at the enemy—until Marco Antonio Colonna, commander of the papal galleys, rammed his own flagship into Ali Pasha's. The surging Catholic forces, in what had become an infantry battle fought across ships' decks, swept the Muslims aside. Ali Pasha himself was killed and beheaded, and when Don Juan waved away the present of the severed head, it was tossed overboard. The Holy League's banner was raised aloft the captured Ottoman flagship, and Ali Pasha's banner—the sultan's own undefeated standard made of green silk and with the prophet's name threaded through it 28,900 times in gold—was Don Juan's.
On the right flank, Andrea Doria was engaged in a battle of maneuver that was anti-climactic to the battles on the Catholic left and center, save for the fact that in being drawn away from guarding the center battle's right flank, he allowed the Turks to pour through the gap. Some Catholic ships—without orders—pulled out of Andrea Doria's battle to plug the gap. But they were too few, and were forced to such desperate heroics as firing their own powder magazines. The Muslim lunge was then directed at the flagship of the Knights of Malta, who, like so many of their brave fellows before, fought to the death against overwhelming odds. (There were, perhaps, six survivors. The sources vary; six is a high guess. The one certain survivor was the Knights' commander, Pietro Giustiniani, though five times wounded by arrows and twice by scimitars.) Andrea Doria, having hardly distinguished himself thus far, wheeled around and chased away the remaining Ottoman raiders who were commanded by Uluch Ali Pasha, an Italian turned Barbary corsair. Uluch Ali had his prize—the Knights of Malta's banner—and he knew how to skedaddle when necessary. A realist, he knew the bigger battle was lost.
Victory at Lepanto
Not only was the battle lost for the Turk, but so were 170 of his galleys and 33,000 men killed, wounded, or captured, as well as 12,000 liberated Christian slaves. Lost was a generation of experienced Ottoman bowmen and seamen; and though a mighty fleet could, and indeed was, rebuilt, and though the sultan was committed to renewing the jihad by sea—or if not by sea, then by land—the threat of the Ottoman Turks dominating the Mediterranean was finished.
Domino Gloria!
Don John of Austria
Has set his people free!
Catholic losses were 7,500 dead—though many of these were knights and noblemen—and another 22,000 wounded (including Miguel de Cervantes). Pope Pius V, who had commanded the faithful to pray the rosary for victory, was convinced that it was prayer that had turned the tide. The Battle of Lepanto became the feast day of Our Lady of Victory, later of Our Lady of the Rosary.
Don Juan, a hero to the last, gave his portion of the captured booty to the Catholic wounded who had not been able to pillage for themselves, and redoubled his generosity by adding to their treasure the 30,000 ducats awarded him by the city of Messina. He also made gifts of two captured banners: The imperial Ottoman banner went to the pope; the fabulous green silk banner went to Philip II, along with his after-action report. He gave credit to everyone else and little to himself, though he had been wounded in the hand-to-hand fighting. Don Juan was everything a parfait gentil knight should be—and, alas, as is often the case of the good and noble, died young, felled by fever; a romantic hero, a devoted and faithful Catholic and soldier (but one appalled at his half-brother's brutality in the Netherlands), in love with the charming Marguerite de Valois, whose blood was royal but whose character was far less admirable than his own. Still, Don Juan showed that chivalry could indeed live and breathe, even in the thinner air of a Europe no longer unified by the Catholic ideals that gave birth to chivalry.
Cervantes on his galley sets the sword back in the sheath
(Don John of Austria rides homeward with a wreath.)
And he sees across a weary land a straggling road in Spain,
Up which a lean and foolish knight forever rides in vain,
And he smiles, but not as Sultans smile, and settles back the blade . . . .
(But Don John of Austria rides home from the Crusade.)
Today, Christendom is even more divided, and certainly more deracinated and less confident, than it was in Don Juan's time, but there are still fighting men, the valiant core of that civilization, who even now patrol the dusty villages of Afghanistan and the dirty streets of Mesopotamia. The enemy smiles as "suicide bombers" smile, but our fighting men—some holding rosaries (the very same as I have, made by a Marine Corps mom)—smile with thoughts of sweethearts, wives, and children; of football and cold beers by warm fires; and of Christmas. They are the inheritors of the men who saved Europe at Lepanto; and they are the men who will, with God's grace, save the West again. So in honor of Don Juan, of Lepanto, of who we are as Catholics, let us pray for them, for their safety and for their victory. St. George, St. Michael, Our Lady, pray for them—and for us.
TOPICS: Catholic; History; Islam; Religion & Culture
KEYWORDS: europe; islam; lepanto; muslim; ottoman; reformation; turks; wot
H. W. Crocker III is the author most recently of Don't Tread on Me: 400 Years of America at War, from Indian-Fighting to Terrorist-Hunting. His prize-winning comic novel The Old Limey and his books Triumph: The Power and the Glory of the Catholic Church, A 2,000-Year History and Robert E. Lee on Leadership are available in paperback.
1 posted on 12/30/2006 6:14:44 AM PST by NYer
To: NYer
2 posted on 12/30/2006 6:16:12 AM PST by Diago ("Upon hearing about such things, I confess that I'm tempted to look for my shotgun and baseball bat")
To: Lady In Blue; Salvation; narses; SMEDLEYBUTLER; redhead; Notwithstanding; nickcarraway; Romulus; ...
So in honor of Don Juan, of Lepanto, of who we are as Catholics, let us pray for them, for their safety and for their victory. St. George, St. Michael, Our Lady, pray for them—and for us.
St. Michael, protect them!
3 posted on 12/30/2006 6:17:07 AM PST by NYer (Apart from the cross, there is no other ladder by which we may get to Heaven. St. Rose of Lima)
Lepanto! Ave Maria Virgo Fidelis!
4 posted on 12/30/2006 6:19:07 AM PST by Cap'n Crunch (Rush Limbaugh, the Winston Churchill of our time)
Wow thanks, Triumph was a hoot.
5 posted on 12/30/2006 6:24:44 AM PST by AliVeritas (Even if a mother forgets the child of her womb, I will not forget you.)
6 posted on 12/30/2006 6:34:14 AM PST by AnAmericanMother ((Ministrix of Ye Chase, TTGC Ladies' Auxiliary (recess appointment)))
But then, as now, the unity of Christendom was shattered; and in the aftermath of the Protestant revolt, Islam saw its opportunity.
Islam always gets in when there is weakness in the Christian church. The division brought to the African church by Arianism and Donatism lingered for a long time and opened a breach that Islam, a syncretist cult that has a strong Arian tinge, fresh from the fevered mind of Mohammed, rushed in to fill. And the Church was really too weak in that area to resist it.
Later Islam was able to take advantage of the division and hostility between the Eastern and Western Church.
Islam first gained entry to Spain because Muslim armies were invited there by "Christian" kings who were fighting with each other (and the lingering Arianism left over from the Visigoths didn't help). Of course, the Muslims immediately turned around and overran the useful idiots who had invited them.
I suppose all this is a way of saying that Christian unity is crucial in withstanding Islam. And that orthodoxy is essential to this. I think this approach is the one the Pope is taking: unity in orthodoxy. The problem is that it will take a long time to work this out, and Islam is already at the gates.
7 posted on 12/30/2006 6:46:14 AM PST by livius
One hell of a story. Bump.
8 posted on 12/30/2006 7:00:17 AM PST by RightOnline
Thank God for the Catholic Church!
9 posted on 12/30/2006 7:15:59 AM PST by Titanites
Don Juan's ship and men were getting the worst of it—despite the handsome hero's pet monkey hurling Ottoman grenades back at the enemy
Did I read that correctly, even the monkey was fighting the enemy? LOL.
10 posted on 12/30/2006 7:20:59 AM PST by Titanites
Certainly one of the most important battles in the history of the world and it is not taught in schools.
Did you know that Andrea Doria had an image of Our Lady of Guadalupe (Patroness of the Americas) in his ship's cabin? It was maybe the very first replica made of Our Lady of Guadalupe. The image is now in a cathedral along with some other items from the battle.
11 posted on 12/30/2006 7:27:47 AM PST by Nihil Obstat (viva il papa)
It is one of the many commonly accepted myths of history that Protestants invented capitalism, but Venice is proof that Catholic states were exercising their capitalist muscles centuries before Luther burped into his tankard or Calvin had his first glint of his predestined salvation and others' predestined damnation.
Someone's been reading not only Chesterton, but Hillaire "Old Thunder" Belloc as well.
12 posted on 12/30/2006 7:34:06 AM PST by Huber (And the light shineth in darkness; and the darkness comprehended it not. - John 1:5)
13 posted on 12/30/2006 7:52:13 AM PST by EternalHope (Boycott everything French forever. Including their vassal nations.)
Somewhat familiar with the politics behind Lepanto, changes in technology, course of the battle, etc. A very important event.
It is interesting that the same moral choices are presented to every individual, culture, and age. One sees the light of the Divine Help.
One is reminded of Albrecht von Wallenstein, killed on February 25, 1634. Wallenstein had very nearly single handedly brought what is now known as the 30 Years War to an end. If he had been successful Europe would have been much less intractably divided and so more ready for the Moslem invasion.
The villain of this piece is Cardinal Richelieu. For the Glory of France, (Richelieu would claim for the Glory of God) Richelieu had Wallenstein assassinated.
14 posted on 12/30/2006 8:18:04 AM PST by Iris7 (Dare to be pigheaded! Stubborn! "Tolerance" is not a virtue!)
To: Iris7
A very astute observation which is born out in Scripture.
What has been, that will be; what has been done, that will be done. Nothing is new under the sun.
Even the thing of which we say, "See, this is new!" has already existed in the ages that preceded us.
15 posted on 12/30/2006 9:24:15 AM PST by NYer (Apart from the cross, there is no other ladder by which we may get to Heaven. St. Rose of Lima)
Victor Davis Hansen wrote a nice chapter on Lepanto in "Conflict and Culture"
16 posted on 12/30/2006 10:12:52 AM PST by Huber (And the light shineth in darkness; and the darkness comprehended it not. - John 1:5)
To: Cap'n Crunch
Pray the Rosary. But I think I am preaching to the choir here. LOL!
17 posted on 12/30/2006 10:25:31 AM PST by Salvation (†With God all things are possible.†)
To: Titanites
Lepanto is one thing that Protestants are usually aware of, but not accepting of.
Celebrating the Battle of Lepanto
Clash of civilizations: Battle of Lepanto revisited
Lepanto, Bertone e Battesimo, Oh My!
Lepanto Sunday
Our Lady of the Rosary of La Naval (A Mini-Lepanto in the Philippines)
Swiss Guards at the Battle of Lepanto, 7 October 1571
Battle of Lepanto
LEPANTO, 7 OCTOBER 1571: The Defense of Europe
Remember Lepanto!
On This Day In History, The Battle of Lepanto
Chesterton's Lepanto
The Miracle At Lepanto...
The Naval Battle of Lepanto
Call to Prayer 12:00 EST 17 November: This Lepanto Moment [Read only]
A Call To Prayer: This Lepanto Moment[Read only]
To: Salvation
Amen! Preach it! All the mysteries... 'The Rosary is the weapon'..
20 posted on 12/30/2006 1:40:04 PM PST by Cap'n Crunch (Rush Limbaugh, the Winston Churchill of our time)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Custom kids fabric for sewing by yard from Hide&Seek. Hide&Seek Design is a fabric online shop which focus on high quality sewing fabric for kids and baby. Beautiful childish design, high quality, short turnaround and fast shipping! Huge selection of quality fabrics, print fabric, stripe fabric, solid fabric and more to meet your need. The cotton lycra knit fabric is amazing soft and stretchable, and the cotton woven fabric is smooth and crisp. And there are a lot of design available, such as unicorns, mermaid, glitter, woodland, floral and more. Choosing the custom printed cotton fabric, buy kids fabric and enjoying your sewing.


Three templates have been created to help communicate to clients the roll-out of PlanSponsorLink. They are Sample PlanSponsorLink Website Announcement Template, Sample Census Request Template, and Sample Census Reminder Template. These templates provide an introduction to the product, instructions on how to log in and access the information, and reminders to complete the census information. Refer to the Blast Email Overview article for information on setting up Blast Emails.
From the Application Menu, click on Communications > Blast Email.
Click the Add button to the right of the Blast Email Templates grid.
In the Add Blast Email slider menu, add the information. Name and Mailing Type are required fields.
Users can find more information on Mailing Types in Blast Email Overview.
Click on Use HTML box to use HTML-based text and add further detail to Blast Emails.
This is where users can select who the email is sent from.
Users can either choose Employee Plan Role and then select a role below, or users can choose Static Email Address and type the address in below.
For the Employee Plan Role, the Blast Email will be sent from the employee who is assigned to the role for the plan.
For the static address, the Blast Email will be sent from the static email address entered.
Note: If an Employee Plan Role is chosen and recipients are not populating as intended, verify that the employee plan role is in fact associated with the Plan intended to send the Blast Email to).
Double-click on the new Blast Email template from the Blast Email Templates grid.
Click on the Subject & Body tab.
If HTML based, click the Open Blast Email HTML Editor button. PensionPro tools will open in a web browser. Type or insert text, add hyperlinks, pictures, or create a table.
For more information on Using HTML, review Blast Email Overview.
Users can add Merge Fields from the Merge Fields grid to the right of the Blast Email Message Body or on the HTML Editor tool.
Click on the Add button. An Add Bulk Email Attachment slider will appear.
Click the File Browser button next to File to find the file to be uploaded. Attach the file from the browser.
Add a title, and a description of the Attachment.
The maximum amount that is allowed on one email is 2,000 KB or 2MB.
The purpose of this tab is to determine who will be receiving the Blast Email. By clicking on the Refresh button the Email Recipients grid will be populated. There is no limit to the number of recipients selected. The list can be quite large, so in order to filter down to only those whom users choose to send the blast, filter options are available above the grid by clicking the Options button.
Recipients are pre-filtered based on the Mailing Type of the Blast Email.
Selections: This portion will determine which columns will appear when users refresh the recipients. Users will notice that some selections will be greyed out and selected. Email, First Name, and Last Name are selected by default; these fields are required for the basic Recipient refresh. Any others are determined by which Merge Fields were used on the Subject and Body tab. This way, users know how the fields will be populated when the Blast Email is set.
Data Filters: By clicking the Add button, users can create a new Data Filter to put limits on how much data is to be displayed. The first dropdown on each filter has the same information as selections. The second dropdown will change based on the first, but it allows users to determine what conditions are applied to any filters. The third and final field will contain the value with which users apply to the filter.
In this tab there are two options, Send a Test Email and Send the Blast Email. At least one recipient must be selected in the Recipients tab for the Test Email to function. Click on Send a Test Email and enter an email address. When the Blast Email is completed and finalized, make sure that all the recipients are chosen in the Recipients tab and then click on the Send the Blast Email.


My mother has been an incredible source of inspiration in my journey of becoming a nurse. She worked for Ghana's Ministry of Education, and often took in and cared for children who were in need or unable to get an education. Her humanitarian gesture inspired me to empathize with others, especially with women and children. She cultivated my interest in health promotion, and along the way I've seen how the burden of disease is reduced when people are empowered to take control of their health.
I wanted to be a nurse who could communicate effectively and professionally with patients, who takes good care of them, and who respects patients' privacy. To better prepare myself, I pursued further education in Nursing and Psychology, Public Health, as well as Health Services Administration.
Prior to joining the United Nations, I worked as a registered nursing officer at Ghana's Ministry of Defense. This experience helped me hone my professional skills and develop empathy for people affected by conflict. In Ghana, the Buduburam refugee settlement sheltered more than 12,000 refugees who had fled Liberia's two civil wars. Each time I drove past the camp, I felt motivated to improve the living conditions of populations suffering from war. That was when the idea of working for the United Nations came to me.
Back then, I couldn't find any positions at the United Nations that would allow me to directly work with the refugees in Ghana—but I spotted an opportunity to indirectly help people in other countries also affected by conflict. By joining the medical team in charge of maintaining the health of United Nations staff, I could help the refugees by increasing productivity within the organization.
I applied and was recruited to work at the United Nations Mission in Nepal in 2007. My career with the Organization has since taken me to Kosovo, Congo, Iraq, and right now, Darfur in the Sudan. Working in these areas can be challenging. I remember how vigilant I became when I went on a vacation after the first month in Iraq. Whenever someone in my family banged a door at night, I found myself awake, acting like a soldier on guard. Even so, I have never regretted my decision. I really enjoy my work because I'm fulfilling my dream. Whenever a patient says "thank you" or "God bless you" to me, I feel proud and grateful.
I am enthusiastic about health education for women and children. I have always considered the lack of knowledge as the real poverty. When I was in Iraq, I had the opportunity to volunteer at a health promotion programme initiated by UN Women and the United Nations Development Programme. I joined the Programme because the lack of reproductive health awareness shocked me to the core. As a medical practitioner, a woman, and a mother, I simply needed to do my part to help them, and sharing information is one way of doing so.
My journey with the UN has been so rewarding – but I still look forward to going back home one day to assist with Ghana's health education. I believe when a country puts more effort into improving health awareness, the national health expenditure decreases, which advances a country's development. It is another way to impact humanity, just as my mom did when I was a child.


text:
The 1988 Massacre in Iran
By non sequitur
Here's an important article about a horrendous massacre of Iranian dissidents in 1988. As the author points out, it meets all the requirements to be formally classified as a crime against humanity, but is still almost entirely unknown outside of Iranian dissident circles. The author, Kaveh Sharooz, has done a lot of the important and original research into this massacre, and published some of his findings in the Harvard Human Rights Journal. The article contains a link to that piece.
Here's a brief account of the massacre, from the article (because of the length of the quote, I'm not going to use the usual quoting mechanism here).
In late 1987 and early 1988, prison officials began the unusual process of interrogating political prisoners again and separating them according to their party affiliations, religiosity, and length of sentence. In Tehran, this meant that some prisoners were moved between Evin and Gohar-Dasht prisons. This preliminary segregation of prisoners strongly indicates that there were pre-existing plans for mass killings. Furthermore, the filtering process belies the notion that the 1988 executions were in response to armed attacks on Iranian territory.
At the end of July 1988, shortly after Iran had accepted a cease-fire in the war with Iraq, and days after its military had soundly repelled an attack by the Mojahedin-e Khalq on Iran's western border, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini gave two unprecedented secret orders(2) to begin the re-trial of all political prisoners across the country and to execute those who remained steadfast in their opposition to the Islamic regime. To give effect to Khomeini's order, a commission was assembled -- called the "Death Commission" by the prisoners -- consisting of a representative from the Judiciary, the office of the Prosecutor, and the Ministry of Intelligence. In Tehran's Death Commission, those government agencies were represented by Jaafar Nayyeri, Morteza Eshraghi and Mostafa Pourmohammadi respectively, although others also played a role. The task of the Death Commission was to determine whether a prisoner was a Mohareb ("Combatant against God") or Mortad ("Apostate") -- and to execute both groups. In the case of most Mojahedin prisoners, that determination was often made after only a single question about their party affiliation. Those who said "Mojahedin" rather than the derogatory "Monafeqin" ("Hypocrite") were sent to be hanged. In the case of various leftist prisoners, the Death Commission asked about religious belief and willingness to cooperate with the authorities. Sample questions included: "are you a Muslim?", "do you pray?", and "are you willing to clear minefields for the military of the Islamic Republic?" If a plurality of judges felt that the prisoner was a Mohareb or Mortad, the prisoner was sent to hang immediately.
Several thousand political prisoners were killed in a matter of two months. Ayatollah Hossein Ali Montazeri estimates that the number killed was somewhere between 2,800 and 3,800. Others believe the number is higher. Even those who survived the questioning of the Death Commission did not always fare well. Some could not bear the emotional pain of what they had witnessed, or the physical pain of the regular floggings they received, and simply committed suicide. The prison guards are said to have encouraged that decision.
To add insult to injury, the Iranian government did not inform the victims' families about the re-trials until the executions had been carried out and the bodies had been buried in mass graves. Once informed, the families were not told of their loved ones' burial spots and were ordered not to erect any monument or hold any ceremony. When asked about the killings by the Western press, representatives of the Iranian government -- Abdollah Nouri, Ali Khamene'i, and Hashemi Rafsanjani -- flatly denied them. The Iranian government continues to deny the 1988 elimination of opposition prisoners.
As mentioned at the outset, the murder campaign of that summer is a crime without parallel in Iran's tumultuous modern history. In fact, the executions have all the elements required by international law to be labeled as crimes against humanity: The murders were widespread and systematic, they were directed at a civilian population, and, as made clear by Ayatollah Montazeri in his memoirs, they were a policy preconceived at the highest ranks of the Iranian government. The sheer magnitude of the 1988 massacre makes it too large to ignore, even after twenty years.
(Please read the whole thing, including the proposals for action.)
Labels: activism, capital punishment, democracy, human rights, Iran, justice, torture
Leave them laughing
Veepstakes: rankings and predictions
Best. rebuttal. evah!
Senator McCain, respectfully, STFU!
McCain Veep Pick: Will it be Jindal?
War criminal and mass murderer arrested in Serbia
"We're fucked"; or, what Maliki's endorsement of O...
Why the right wing needs an enema
Women's bodies are not public domain: part 2 of 2
Monday, Monday is the song


because it wounds or seduces me.
built on words. built on words.
both, repeatedly, in chambers, in hallways.
the fate of the free world could be at stake.
tides are already beginning to rise.
a wake, a wake, awake.
how to forage clam shells for beads.
and aging prophet of lake charles, louisiana.
the taste and smell of houston air.
blocks from the birth of cars.
what heat exhaustion feels like.
how easy it can be to plant fruit trees.
the disarming joy of sharing a simple meal.
for the earth, for each other.
if you could go, too.
Whew..that's a big question with an even bigger answer, so I'll just briefly touch on a couple of things.
acknowledging the privileged and marginalized identities that we hold as individuals and as a collective group and being aware of how those interact with the spaces and situations that we will be in (i.e. taking up space).
deliver AO trainings outside of our SSC delegation to other groups such as YOUNGO.
It is essential that we work to create a more inclusive and anti-oppressive COP if we ever want to find solutions to climate change and environmental injustice. If you keep up with environmental justice issues, you'll know that marginalized communities are those most impacted by the effects of climate change and environmental devastation (i.e. pollution, deforestation, rising temperatures and changing weather patterns, etc.). So, because of this, you'd expect for those negotiating for ambitious international climate policy to be from those communities that are most impacted, right? Wrong.
Marginalized groups are terribly underrepresented at the conference. Developed countries in the Global North dominate the negotiations and the conference space. They are the ones that have the resources to have large delegations for representation. Developing countries and those from the Global South typically can only bring a few. This is for a lot of different reasons – resources, capacity, discrimination. This isn't only true for party members and negotiators, but extends to civil society. Last year, in Warsaw, a large number of civil society members and youth from Nigeria were denied entrance into Poland despite the fact that they had been accredited by the UNFCCC. Our delegation from the United States did not encounter any obstacles. This underrepresentation, along with the general tendency of privileged groups, results in the Global North dominating the conference and drowning out the voices of the Global South and marginalized communities. There are countless examples of this beyond what I mentioned, more than I can list or probably even know, and it results in some pretty major consequences for the flight for international climate policy and a solution for climate change.
One consequence is that we're not getting the strong policy and regulation that we need in order to combat climate change and adapt to the changes we've already experienced. Along with that, the process is terrible inefficient. Wealthy and developed countries in the Global North (like the United States) continuously block policy and refuse to financially contribute to revert the damage that they're largely responsible for. They use their numbers, their resources and their power to stall the process and protest having to commit to any strong policy, putting developing countries who are already facing the impacts of climate change in a position of having to accept weak policy and regulations because that's the only thing they can get.
To sum up, as we travel to Peru this December to COP and represent both the SSC and the United States, AO is an essential part of that work. We'll never begin to solve the issue of climate change or environmental justice without it. It's a long road ahead and just having an AO subcommittee isn't going to do it, but hopefully it's a start. Hopefully, we can have some influence and help ensure that we're all thinking more about it at COP and in the environmental justice movement.
Let us know in the comments if there's anything that you think needs more attention or anything you'd like to see from the AO committee.
There is an immense scientific consensus (~97%) that climate change is occurring, and that it is influenced by human activities. John Oliver does a great bit on this. The scientific community uses a wide variety of data to look for patterns in climate; the main ones are geological formations in caves, tree rings, soil samples, and ice cores. Each of these – the layers of rock within caves, the rings of ancient trees, and the air bubbles trapped deep within glaciers – can indicate what the climate was like in the distant past. Depending on how much rainfall there was, what the temperatures were like, and the chemistry of the air, the rocks, trees, and glaciers would grow at a different rate, and in various patterns.
Changes are happening now. Climate change isn't something of the distant future that we should save our grandchildren from, it's already occurring. According to NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Adimistration (NOAA), the 10 hottest years have occurred since 2000, of the 134 years record. Consequently, the sea levels are rising. Over the past century, the global sea level has risen 10-20 cm, with the last 20 years being nearly double the rate of the previous 80. As a result, many coastal cities like Venice are experiencing severe flooding, and small island nations – especially the Philippines – are losing ground by the day.
Part of this is thermal expansion – as the oceans heat up, they expand. The other major contributor is melting glaciers and ice caps. Greenland, Antarctica, and most of the glaciers around the world are melting at an accelerated rate. The downside to this is that as they melt, there is less white snow to reflect sunlight, which causes further warming.
That's pretty startling, considering that 44% of the world's population lives within 150 km of the coast. The World Bank estimates that these highly populous cities are among the most at-risk for flooding damage: 1) Guangzhou, 2) Miami, 3) New York, 4) New Orleans, 5) Mumbai, 6) Nagoya, 7) Tampa, 8) Boston, 9) Shenzen, and 10) Osaka. One look at a world map will show you just how many of the world's major cities are at risk for sea level rise.
Climate change has real implications on all of our lives. This is not something for scientific journals and political talk shows. Climate influences nearly every aspect of the world. The economy booms when the weather is nice. Tourism thrives in calm climates. Severe weather impacts people's ability to get to work, school, or even drive home (Atlanta's "Snowpocalypse" taught us that). Droughts and water shortages cause increases in food prices, and famine at worst.
Humans aren't the only ones affected either. Higher temperatures and carbon dioxide levels cause ocean acidification, which bleaches coral reefs and dissolves the shells of shellfish. Hurricanes, typhoons, tornadoes, and wildfires all have direct implications to warmer weather, and they have each been increasing in number and severity in recent years. Plants and animals, especially in the tropics, are migrating to higher elevations as temperatures increase, and the rate of extinction is rising.
But it's not all doom and gloom. We can slow these trends, largely by reducing our collective global greenhouse gas emissions. By renovating our local energy economies to clean, renewable energies (e.g. solar, wind, hydroelectric, tidal, and geothermal) we could account for 26% of the current global GHG emissions. Fuel efficient transportation would reduce another 13%. The great thing is that technologies already exist which can dramatically transform each sector. Sustainable agriculture and forestry practices would reduce emissions by another 15-30%. New landfills exist that capture methane, which can be used as a fuel instead of released into the atmosphere as a potent GHG. Similar methods for waste-water treatment exist as well.
We need second Green Revolution – one for a sustainable planet. We can put people to work building a stronger, more efficient infrastructure. We can develop new technologies, incentivize creative solutions to these problems. We can build a culture of long-term health, over the quick, cheap, and disposable. It will take some changes to our current lifestyles, and a lot of collective buy-in. But together, the future is bright as an LED bulb.


Are you a clinician or senior manager interested in becoming a better leader?
Would you like time to reflect on and develop skills for working within complex organisations?
Do you want to make a greater impact at work?
How can you develop your approach to best fit your local situation?
decide on how to make them happen.
Through asking questions and reflecting together on the answers the coaching exchange is a powerful way to develop your self-awareness and increase your sense of agency in your work and life. The focus is on how you can increase your impact through learning about the power of a whole system approach. My aim is to support you to influence systems and to improve the services you manage/deliver.
Coaching offers opportunities to improve personal authority, to deepen understanding of boundaries, to develop influence and negotiation and support networking and collaboration with others.
One of the most exciting aspects of coaching is how it helps both the person being coached and the coach to see things from different perspectives and through this to learn new ways of understanding and new approaches.
Coaching sessions can be face to face or on the telephone. A typical face to face contract lasts 6 months and involves 6 two-hour sessions. Telephone coaching sessions typically last one hour.


text:
Tag: refugees
Posted on October 5, 2019 April 13, 2021
Scientists have been telling us for several decades that we were running out of time to do something about global warming. Last year (2018) the consensus of scientific thinking gave us twelve years. Now, in 2019, we're down to eleven. That is, we have eleven years to change the ways we live and do business to drastically reduce our global carbon footprint. The objective is to keep average global warming to below 1.5 degrees Celsius. The baseline average is based on NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) for the years 1951-1980.
According to NASA/GISS the global temperature annual average for 1951-19800 was 14 degrees Centigrade (57°F). What happens when the global average rises to 1.5 degrees warmer? If you have to ask, you have not been paying attention to what is going on in the world. Here's the way Astra Taylor put it writing in Laphams Quarterly:
[There will be] the annihilation of coral reefs, greater melting of the permafrost, and species apocalypse, along with the most dire consequences for human civilization as we know it. Food shortages, forest fires, droughts and monsoons, intensified war and conflict, billions of refugees—we have barely begun to conceive of the range of dystopian futures looming on the horizon.
Get it? Pay special attention to that part about how "we have barely begun to conceive" of the horrors that lie in wait for us. Clearly it would be in our—humanity's and the rest of the world's—best interests to get our collective butts in gear and mitigate the effects of global warming. And mitigate is the best we could hope for because we have already done things that will negatively affect our climate for at least several hundred years.
We were told 30 years ago what we needed to do to avoid most of the problems of global warming. We did nothing. Nothing significant, anyway. A relative handful of the world's population began doing a few constructive but insignificant things, like recycling paper and plastic, most of which somehow ended up in landfills or the ocean. Out of sight out of mind, I guess.
(Please don't mistake my tone. I have been no better than almost everyone else.)
There have been activists all along, trying to draw public and governmental attention to the problems of global warming, but recently there has been an uptick in public awareness. Most notably there is Greta Thunberg, the sixteen-year-old Swedish environmentalist who has roused students and adults alike to demonstrate for global action against climate warming. Someone has referred to her as the tiny Swedish climate devil.
The worldwide attention now being drawn to global warming has many people hopefully asking, and speculating, about whether or not the world is finally going to meaningfully tackle the problem. Is there reason to hope that we will now do what is required to avoid at least the most serious effects of global warming?
The answer, I very much regret to say, is no.
As I see it there are some fundamental reasons that nothing is going to be done. There will undoubtedly come a point when there will be a scurrying to take action, but it will be far too little and pathetically late. Americans always do the right thing but only after they have tried everything else.
The corporatism which rules today is composed of and fed by many attributes, not the least of which are personal greed for wealth and power of the ruling elite. Corporations rule the world as proxy to a small group of ruling elites, the oligarchs who continue to profit from ecological extraction. The standout examples of this are the numerous companies and activities of the infamous Koch brothers. Make that Koch brother (singular). One of the brothers died this year; so sad. Their immense fortune was derived largely from the extraction of coal.
It is the burning of coal which has contributed more than any other single cause to global warming. Because the Kochs successfully used their wealth to stymie any meaningful attempts to stop the burning of coal, they stand out to many as the worst enemies of the future of Earth, especially any future that presumes to include humans.
For life on Earth to continue in any semblance of how it has been, coal and oil extraction and emissions would have to be lowered to virtually zero and replaced with renewable energy sources. That would require corporations to forfeit trillions of dollars in assets. Stock markets would crash. American politicians would be cast adrift without their regular infusions of cash and direction (by virtue of being told how and when to vote). There is no question that the ruling elites and the politicians they own—in America that includes almost all Republicans and most Democrats—would continue to fight tooth and nail to prevent any change in the status quo.
The well known human aversion to change has never been more evident than in the national debate (weak as it is, considering the stakes) about global warming and what to do about it. By my tally, thirty-three percent of the American public have thoroughly deluded themselves with their denial that there even is such a thing as human-caused global warming. The excuses they give for their position are ludicrous and, were it not for the seriousness of the consequences, laughable. But they will not change.
I suspect that this group is roughly the same as the thirty-three percent of the American population who support and believe in Donald Trump. I know a thing or two about brain washing and I want to tell you something about those Trump supporters. They are the Americans who have voluntarily exposed themselves to years of right-wing, populist, narrow-minded propaganda. That is how they became the political and educational retards they are. The kind of mind control-slash-brain washing to which these people have voluntarily subjected themselves does two things. It creates a mindset in line with the objectives of the oligarchical, capitalism-loving plutocrats; and it makes it extremely difficult to change that mindset to another direction. It is mind control with built-in inoculation against other ideas and values. Especially those of the Enlightenment sort. It is highly unlikely they will ever change.
Here is how you can spot these folks. As you already know (probably), they tend to spout misogynistic, white supremacist, anti-science, illiberal claptrap. But what really gives them away are the expressions, phrases, even whole articulated arguments, that are repeated verbatim over and over. Especially on right-wing talk shows and that conservative propaganda machine, Fox News. I know because I lurk and listen to them.
Here is an example. This is a phrase that I first heard from Rush Limbaugh, whom I occasionally listen to when my stomach feels particularly strong:
Greta Thunberg thinks she has it figured out at age 16, when she has no concept of the long term cycle of climate change which is thousands of years.
This phrase was repeated almost verbatim over and over in the right-wing conservative echo chambers. No credit given, no one saying they heard it from so-and-so. And each hearer absorbs it as their own. So when they spout it later they really believe they are speaking a wisdom that is their very own.
I most recently came across this particular phrase in an email from an old friend. He has been listening almost exclusively to Rush Limbaugh, conservative talk programs and Fox News for decades now. In his email to me he repeated the above Greta disparagement almost verbatim. When I challenged him on it he back-peddled and said that maybe the statement did not actually represent his own thinking. But I suspect he was being disingenuous with me. Most people like him will not budge, or if they do, they sooner or later return to what is for them the more comfortable (brainwashed) position.
The brazen Criminal in Chief, President Trump, has publicly and loudly stated that global warming is a scam. His mindless followers think they know it is a the-sky-is-falling scam, although all they really know is what they have heard him and his servile minions say. But what would happen, you might wonder, if President Trump were to do an about face and declare global warming real? After all, since he is one of the most corrupt people on the planet, he could easily contradict everything he has said about it.
If that were to happen every brainwashed Trump junkie would experience cognitive dissonance. They would deny the reality of what Trump was saying, convinced that the evil, conniving forces trying to bring Trump down had somehow taken control of his brain and made him say it. Or even deny that he actually said whatever it was he is reported to have said, and indeed that they may even have actually heard him say. "Fake news," they would say. They would remain loyal to the real Donald Trump and continue to believe global warming is a scam.
As for the rest of us, polls show that sixty-six percent of the American public believes that global warming is real and that it is caused by human activity.
A majority of Americans are clearly concerned about the problem but here again we see the effects of denial and cognitive dissonance. People are not filling the streets screaming for action. The only people coming close to that are students activated by Greta Thunberg and her Friday for Climate actions. The adults are determinedly not bestirring themselves except to pat her on the head (figuratively speaking) and tell her how nice it is to see young people taking an interest in things.
The fact is, most humans don't function well in the face of impossible odds. And that is what we face now with global warming. The thought of getting ruling elites, oligarchs, and governments to back massive change and expense for the sake of the planet is just too daunting to even contemplate. It is clear to most people that there just is not much that can be done.
Except hope! And maybe pray among those who are religious, although most of the religious factions don't seem to place much confidence that we can pray our way out of this mess if they even acknowledge the mess to begin with.
As for hope, as Chris Hedges has often pointed out, hope is for suckers. In "Our Mania for Hope Is a Curse," he said:
The naive belief that history is linear, that moral progress accompanies technical progress, is a form of collective self-delusion. It cripples our capacity for radical action and lulls us into a false sense of security. Those who cling to the myth of human progress, who believe that the world inevitably moves toward a higher material and moral state, are held captive by power. Only those who accept the very real possibility of dystopia, of the rise of a ruthless corporate totalitarianism, buttressed by the most terrifying security and surveillance apparatus in human history, are likely to carry out the self-sacrifice necessary for revolt.
"…to carry out the self-sacrifice necessary for revolt." Indeed. The problem, though, is that there is no time left. The UN has told us that oceans are already so warm we will not be able to avoid the dire consequences already set in motion. That in itself, I believe, deprives us of the eleven years we thought we might have in which to do something about climate.
Add to that the possibility of at least seven potential tipping points that, once any one of them is tipped, will cause a vastly sped up runaway greenhouse effect. The seven I refer to—melting of the Arctic permafrost, burning of the Amazon, marine ice sheet instability in West Antarctica, melting of huge methane clouds in the deep ocean, things like this—are only the large scale tipping elements. There are also many regional or smaller-scale tipping points. The faith (or even hope) that none of these will be tipped is beyond my ken.
The faith in a scientific miracle is also beyond my ken. I am a scientist and have always respected science and scientists but expecting a miracle at this point and and in this time frame is beyond irrational.
Our time is growing extremely short. For the first time in my life I am fatalistic about our chances for survival. It is best, if possible, to not worry about it. If even one of those tipping points is triggered we are probably done for.
In the meantime I believe we have an obligation to maintain a moral position in keeping with the highest ideas of the Enlightenment. If we have to go out we should go out standing tall, caring for one another and easing suffering of people and animals as much as possible.
I personally intend to do as much as I can to head of what looks like our guaranteed end. Not from any senseless hope but out of principle. And celebrate my good luck for having lived in this best and worst final stage of humanity.
We are now at the same atmospheric carbon dioxide level as Earth was during the Pliocene three to five million years ago.
That's it! We are headed toward the same conditions that prevailed during the Pliocene and there is no way to stop that. Temperatures are rising rapidly above 80° north and south which will result in continuing rise in sea level, which in turn will create ever more flooding along the coasts of the world.
Where are the people who live there to go? If you are a coastal dweller you can be certain that within a very few years you will be looking for somewhere inland to live. If you live inland, prepare to be inundated by climate refugees.
Climate disruption is here. We were told 30 years ago this was coming and everyone pretty much ignored it. Up until about 10 years ago we could still have done something about this. But now it is too late.
Global warming is a topic that demonstrates the human capacity for denial of reality. The imbeciles who continue to deny that there is a problem are the ones who deserve to be global warming's first victims. With any luck …


text:
William McLennan, 2 résultats 2
Marjorie M. Halpin, 2 résultats 2
Audrey Hawthorn, 2 résultats 2
Michael Kew, 2 résultats 2
Ronnie Tessler, 1 résultats 1
Wollaston, F.E.R, 1 résultats 1
A.F.R. Wollaston, 1 résultats 1
Vickie Jensen and Jay Powell, 1 résultats 1
Evelyn Goddard, 1 résultats 1
Beatrice Pilon, 1 résultats 1
Bill Reid, 4 résultats 4
University of British Columbia. Department of Anthopology, 4 résultats 4
Michael M. Ames, 2 résultats 2
Doug Cranmer, 2 résultats 2
Harry Bertram Hawthorn, 2 résultats 2
Virginia Small, 1 résultats 1
Harry M. Small, 1 résultats 1
Audrey Patricia Mackay Shane, 1 résultats 1
British Columbia, 32 résultats 32
Vancouver, 13 résultats 13
Haida Gwaii, 4 résultats 4
Alert Bay, 3 résultats 3
Kootenays, 2 résultats 2
Kitimat, 2 résultats 2
Queen Charlotte, 2 résultats 2
North Vancouver, 2 résultats 2
Port Alberni, 1 résultats 1
First Nations, 28 résultats 28
Cultural groups, 28 résultats 28
Education, 19 résultats 19
Museum of Anthropology, 7 résultats 7
Carving, 4 résultats 4
Museum exhibitions, 4 résultats 4
Totem poles, 4 résultats 4
Community life, 3 résultats 3
Religion, 2 résultats 2
Masks, 2 résultats 2
Niveau de description Collection Dossier Folder Fonds Part Pièce Série organique Sous-fonds Sous-série organique Sub subseries
Dénomination générale des documents Architectural drawing Cartographic material Digital Media Graphic material Moving images Multiple media Object Philatelic record Sound recording Technical drawing Textual material Textual record
Hylton Smith fonds
Colour slides of a shaman gathering labeled as a "Witchdoctor Conference" that took place in Johannesburg, South Africa, in 1955, and other images from South Africa (Johannesburg, Zululand, Ndebele village near Pretoria, and Majuji Village near Transvaal). Photos taken by Hylton Smith, who was working as an architect in Johannesburg when he witnessed and photographed the conference.
Hylton Smith
Minn Sjolseth fonds
The fonds reflects Minn Sjolseth's artistic career and travels to First Nations communities throughout British Columbia and Alaska with her husband Anthony Carter. Contents of the fonds depict First Nations cultures in British Columbia between 1960 and 1980, including Haida, Coast Salish, Kwakwaka'wakw, Gitsegukla, Kispiox, and Nisga'a. Several of the contents depict notable figures, including Chief Dan George and August Jacks.
The fonds includes textual records including correspondence, ephemera, newspaper clippings; graphic materials such as photographs, slides, negatives, and transparencies that depict Sjolseth's travels and artworks; and artworks produced by Sjolseth including paintings, drawings, and prints.
The fonds is organized into the following series:
Artwork an Exhibition records
Minn Sjolseth
Lilo Berliner fonds
Nov. 1968 - 1975
Fonds consists of negative images of petroglyphs largely from the Pacific west coast of North America. Most of the images are from sites located in British Columbia, but there are also images from sites in Washington State, New Mexico, and other areas of the United States and Mexico. There are also images of artifacts, masks, totem poles, wood carvings, and graveyards. Images of family travels, landscapes, wild animals, and house cats are interspersed within the collection.
Lilo Berliner
Beverley Brown fonds
[ca. 1937 - ca.1949]
The fonds consists of 478 photographs, predominantly of students at the St. Michael's Residential School in Alert Bay. Beverley Brown and her friends took the photographs between ca. 1937 and ca. 1945 using Brown's camera. Photographs from this period include shots of the students with their friends and of social events, as well as posed class photographs. These class photographs were taken by school supervisors who subsequently sold the prints to other students. Other photographs were taken in Brown's hometown, Bella Bella, and in the area of the Namu cannery. These show weddings, fishing boats, landscapes, and buildings. Peter Mason Sr., Brown's father, had the photographs developed in Vancouver.
The fonds has been arranged into three series:
St. Michael's Residential School photographs
Bella Bella photographs
Langley High School photographs
Beverley Brown
Virginia Small fonds
Fonds consists of photographs taken by Virginia Small's husband, Harry M. Small during a trip to Japan between 1920 and 1922. Photos depict a variety of scenes from rural and urban life including craft and silk production, farming, fishing and ceremonial activities. In addition, the fonds includes photos, both posed and candid, of various individuals including members of the traveling party, as well as photos of landscapes and architecture.
Some photos are marked with the subject, date and location on the back with pencil.
Jean Telfer fonds
The fonds consists of records Telfer created or received during the time that she spent as a teacher at residential schools. The materials donated by Telfer include correspondence, essays, schedules, programmes, ephemera notes and a significant number of photographs. These records are primarily related to the the Morley Residential School, the Coqualeetza Residential School and the Port Alberni Residential School, as well as the Nakoda (Stoney) Nation.
Jean Telfer
Jim and Mary Prime fonds
Fonds consists of photographic negatives of people in the South Pacific, probably Hawaii or Samoa, in their traditional dress. A Polynesian tapa from the same time period and region was donated to the museum's collections.
Jim and Mary Prime
Elizabeth Johnson fonds
The records in this fonds were created and received in the course of Elizabeth Johnson's tenure at the Museum of Anthropology. The records relate to activities Johnson was involved through her various positions at the Museum in involvement with exhibitions, collections, the museums relations with the community and various community events sponsored by the museum, teaching and various administrative activities. The fonds consists of agendas, agreements, articles, artifact lists, attendance figures, books, business cards, budgets, catalogue drafts, comment book, contract lists, correspondence, curators statement, diagram, drawings, evaluations, exhibit labels, expenses, internal forms (exhibit proposal forms), financial records, flyer, final report, guidelines, grant applications, invitations, memorandums, minutes of meetings, museum exhibit diagrams, permission forms, photographs, notes, plans, policies, press releases, proposals, publications (books), publicity records, receipts, reports, reproductions of newspaper ads and articles, research notes, revisions, schedules, slide list, slides, speaking notes, student papers, surveys, teaching notes, transcripts of research interviews, audio cassettes of interviews, translations, visitor surveys and videos.
The fonds is arranged in the following 8 series:
Proposed Exhibits
Special projects and events series
Correspondence series
Museum education series
Administrative series
Academic materials
See attached pdf document for description of series and file lists.
Elizabeth Lominska Johnson
Fred Ryckman fonds
The fonds consists of records created by Ryckman during his tenure with the Department of Indian Affairs, primarily from the 1920s and 30s. The fonds includes contact sheets made as copies of photographs that remain in possession of Ryckman's heirs. Records in the fonds take the form of notes and correspondence. Also included in records is a ledger which contains census information. The fonds also includes photocopies of newspaper articles relating to members of the First Nations whom Ryckman came into contact with as a result of his work as well as materials relating to Ryckman himself.
The fonds consists of the following files:
1-1, Ledger Book [Original & Copies], c. 1920
1-2, Photographs [Negatives & Contact Sheets], c. 1920
1-3, Articles and Correspondence [Photocopies], 1922-1936
1-4, Kootenays [Typed & Handwritten transcipts], c. 1932
Nadia Abu-Zahra fonds
The fonds consists of 26 colour slides, including ceremonies and traditions related to weddings and male circumcision taken in Tunisia, as well as scenery and people in Algeria.
Nadia Abu-Zahra
Anne Williams fonds
Fonds consists of a set of tapes of interviews and the corresponding interview transcripts with Dr. Charles (Carl) E. Borden, late Professor Emeritus of Archaeology at the University of British Columbia, in June/July 1978. Additional textual records include comments made off-tape by Dr. Charles E. Borden during the course of the interviews. The interviews were conducted, transcribed, and edited by Anne Williams for her thesis Carl Borden and archaeology in British Columbia: an interactive history. The interviews relate to the social history of archaeology in British Columbia and were made possible by a British Columbia Youth Employment Program grant.
Anne Williams
Anthony Carter fonds
The fonds consists of photographs, transparencies, negatives, prints, slides, textual records and objects. Contents of the fonds primarily reflect First Nations cultures in British Columbia between 1960 and 1980, including the Haida, Coast Salish (formerly Burrard Reserve), Kwakiutl (Kwakwaka'wakw), Gitsegukla and Ans'pa yaxw (Kispiox) nations. Notable First Nations personalities and artists documented include Chief Dan George, Gerry Marks, Henry Hunt and Norman Tait. Contents also include: B.C. landscapes such as Gwayasdums (Gilford Island), Klemtu, Mamalilikulla and Uchucklesaht; First Nations children; First Nations exhibits, totem poles and installations at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver and for the National Museum of Ethnology in Osaka, Japan. The original accession was arranged in series according to Carter's published works which focus on specific localities, communities, individuals and subject matter, with additional series related to Carter's photojournalistic work and personal recordkeeping added in 2019 when an accrual was made to the fonds.
B.C. and Jessie Binnings fonds
Fonds consists of records related to the Binnings' correspondence with (predominantly) friends and colleagues overseas in Japan from 1959 to 1971, including Bishop Kojo Sakamoto and members of his family. Mostly composed of personal letters written by hand, several letters are painted using calligraphy. Other records include program brochures and news clippings for exhibits in Japan and North America, and scrapbooks assembled by the Binnings. These either commemorate various visits they took to Japan or of visits their Japanese friends took to Canada. Fonds is divided into three series:
Sakamoto Printed Exhibit Matter
Bertram Charles (B.C.) Binning
Basil and Edythe Hartley fonds
ca. 1941-1944, 1983
Fonds consists of audio, video, and visual materials created by Basil and Edythe Hartley. Materials include video footage of the Haisla people, which Hartley shot while working in Kitimaat from 1941-1944, a voiceover for the footage which Hartley's widow, Edythe McClure, created in ca. 1983, a letter, and three photographs of Kitimaat people and landscapes. The three audio cassettes all contain the same 1983 recording.
Basil Hartley
David Cunningham fonds
[19-?] - 2014, predominant 1990 - 2014
The fonds reflects Cunningham's function as Manager, Design/Exhibits for MOA; his role in MOA facility planning and renovations; his position as an instructor in the Department of Anthropology at UBC; and involvement in other projects for MOA and external organizations. The records are arranged in the following series:
Education records (1988 - [ca. 2004])
Exhibit records (1987 - 2005)
Renovation records ([19-?] - 2014)
Miscellaneous project records (1987 - 2002)
CFI Partnership of peoples project (1990 - [2012])
Photographs (1990 - [2005])
The records include artists' statements and artwork; banners; blueline prints; calligraphy; case lists; contact prints/proofs; contracts; correspondence; diagrams; exhibition catalogues; exhibition panels; exhibition proposals; exhibition text; guidelines; invitations; labels; lecture notes; loan agreements; manuals; measurements; memoranda; minutes; negatives; object lists; photographs; plans; policies; reports; syllabi; and tender drawings.
Wilson Duff fonds
1919-1977, predominantly 1948-1977
The Wilson Duff papers consist of textual records, photographs, negatives, slides, maps, audio recordings, compact disks and one video tape that relate to Duff's activities, correspondences, and publications as one of the foremost researchers in Northwest coast Indian history, culture and traditions. Also included in the fonds are records relating to Duff's work as an Anthropology professor at the University of British Columbia, his advisory and curatorial consultancy work, committee membership and the exhibit Images: Stone: B.C.
Records in the Wilson Duff fonds have been organized into the following seventeen series:
Series 1: Wilson Duff's student papers (1949-1950)
Series 2: Correspondence (195?-1975)
Series 3: Published and unpublished articles (195?-1972)
Series 4: Site visits (195-)
Series 5: Northwest Coast research (195?-197?)
Series 6: Teaching materials (1965-1976)
Series 7: Committee and consultancy records (1966-1976)
Series 8: Personal records (1965-1976)
Series 9: Photographic records (195?-1976)
Series 10: Maps (1955-1976)
Series 11: Images: Stone: B.C. (1975-1977)
Series 12: Research notes and materials (196?-1976)
Series 13: Tsimshian files (1915-1976, predominant 1957-1971)
Series 14: Recordings (1962-1976)
Series 15: Creative writing (195?  - 197?)
Series 16: Posthumous writings on Duff (197? – 199?)
Series 17: Ephemera (195? – 197?)
Wilson Duff
Vickie Jensen and Jay Powell fonds
Fonds consists of records relating to the numerous culture and language projects that Powell and Jensen worked on since 1976. The communities with which they worked include:
• The Quileute of La Push
• The Kwakwaka'wakw of Alert Bay
• The Gitksan of Kispiox, Gitanyow, and surrounding villages
• The Nuu-chah-nulth of Vancouver Island
• The Musqueam of Vancouver
• The Seton Lake St'at'imc (Lillooet) of Shalalth
• The Shuswap of Alkali Lake, Soda Creek, Dog Creek, Canim Lake, and Sugar Cane
• The Haisla of Kitamaat
• The Nisga'a of Gingolx (Kincolith) and New Aiyansh
Most of the projects had an end goal to produce a book, language education materials, or teacher training materials. Often the education materials incorporated cultural lessons throughout. The records created in the production of the books are varied and reflect the intrinsic connection between language, culture, and daily activities in the communities. Powell and Jensen were co-editors for nearly all of the language books and materials produced. Although some of the projects reflected in the records were done primarily by Powell or primarily by Jensen, the vast majority of the work involves collaboration between the two in some aspect. As Jensen and Powell immersed themselves in the communities they worked for, often their personal photographs and records are interspersed with those relating to their work. This community involvement enhanced their relationships with the people with whom they were working and allowed them to experience and participate in cultural activities as part of those communities. This close relationship is reflected in and is integral to their work. Jensen and Powell have two sons: Nels, born in 1978, and Luke, born in 1981. Their sons travelled with them to the communities in which they worked and lived, and on their work trips and sabbaticals. Nels and Luke are also present in many of the photographic records.
The records contain a mixture of research, field notes, administrative records, and publications at various stages, in addition to audio and visual records. Field notes, for the most part handwritten, and archival research into language and culture groups was undertaken by Powell, whilst the majority of the photography, found in a variety of formats, was done by Jensen. Manuscripts and final publications were a combined effort and are included at various stages. Administrative records, including grant proposals, are found throughout.
Fonds consists of 13 series of records. Series are arranged according to community and/or project, and include:
Quileute
Kwak'wala (U'Mista)
Gitksan
Salishan
Haisla
Northwest Coast artists
Northwest Coast groups
UBC totems/events
Vickie Jensen and Jay Powell
John Mennie fonds
Fonds consists of various photographic materials and a small number of textual records. Glass plate negatives document totem poles, house fronts, street scenes, church groups, school groups, weddings, the local store and maritime subjects in Alert Bay. Textual records include a Christmas card from Alert Bay Radio and two small pamphlets of photography instructions printed by "J. Mennie, Developing & Printing Service." The oldest negative dates from 1862, though the identity of its photographer is unknown.
John Mennie
Blanca and Ricardo Muratorio fonds
The fonds consist of slides taken by Blanca and Ricardo Muratorio relating to fieldwork, folk arts and crafts of Ecuador and Peru taken by Blanca and Ricardo Muratorio. The colour photographs relate to the Corpus Christi [Ecuador] fiesta and dancers and the 1998 exhibit at the UBC Museum of Anthropology of works for sale by Andean artists, "Images of Andean Lives."
Textual records consist of Ricardo Muratorio's report on folk art, and materials relating to two exhibitions which took place at the Museum of Anthropology: the poster and Spanish text for "Images of Andean Lives" [1998] and an invitation for "Sewing Dissent: Patterns of Resistance in Chile" [1987].
Muratorio family
Bob Kingsmill fonds
The fonds consists of correspondence, questionnaires, and photographs relating to Bob Kingsmill's research for his book A Catalogue of British Columbia Potters (1978). In order to gather material for his book, Kingsmill created a questionnaire requesting information and photographs, which he sent to about 70 potters throughout British Columbia. The fonds consists mainly of the responses Kingsmill received, which include the completed questionnaires containing short biographical and artistic statements by each potter, together with black and white or colour photographs of the artists and their pottery.
Bob Kingsmill