text:
Arthur Lyon Bowley (Bristol, Inglaterra, 6 de noviembre de 1869 - Haslemere, Surrey, Inglaterra, 21 de enero de 1957) fue un estadístico y economista inglés que trabajó en Estadística Económica y fue pionero en el uso de técnicas de muestreo en encuestas sociales.

Biografía
James William Lyon Bowley, ministro de la Iglesia de Inglaterra, murió en 1870 dejando a su esposa a cargo de sietehijos, entre ellos a Arthur  con años de edad
. Arthur estudió en Christ's Hospital, un internado en Sussex Occidental, donde se ganaría una beca para estudiar matemáticas en el Trinity College y de donde se graduaría con honores. En Cambridge asistió un curso corto con Alfred Marshall quien influiría en su decisión de dedicarse a la estadística económica. Obtuvo el premio de ensayo,  Cobden Essay Prize, que se publicaría como A Short Account of England's Foreign Trade in the Nineteenth Century. Marshall seguiría de cerca su carrera y lo recomendó para trabajos; entre sus consejos se destaca que tras revisar sus Elementos de Estadística comentaría que tenía "demasiada matemática".

Entre 1893 y 1899 impartió matemáticas en el colegio público St John's School, Leatherhead. Su primer artículo aparecería en 1895, en el Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. En el mismo año abriría el London School of Economics - LSE donde se vincularía como lector académico de tiempo parcial. Estaría en la institución hasta su jubilación en 1936. También fue profesor en otras instituciones: durante más de diez años impartió clases en la Universidad de Reading y durante los periodos 1897–98 y 1927–28 tuvo la cátedra Newmarch en la University College de Londres. En LSE sería ascendido a Reader en 1908 y a Docente en 1915. En 1919 se le asignó la dirección del Departamento de Estadística, probablemente el primero de su tipo en Gran Bretaña. Sin embargo, en ese momento el grupo de estadística era muy pequeño, vinculándose en 1924 E. C. Rhodes y en 1928 R. G. D. Allen

Bowly inició una línea de estudios sobre estadística económica británica, comenzando en la década de 1890 con trabajos sobre comercio, salarios e ingresos, y sobre ingreso nacional en las décadas de 1920 y 1930. Se destaca su colaboración con Josiah Stamp sobre la comparación del ingreso del Reino Unido en 1911 y 1924. Hacia 1910 Bowly incluiría en su trabajo estadísticas sociales, con un objetivo similar a los trabajos de Charles Booth (Life and Labour of the People in London de 1889-1903) y  Seebohm Rowntree (Poverty, A Study of Town Life de 1901). Introdujo innovaciones metodológicas, en particular el uso de técnicas de muestreo. Bowly expuso con detalle su postura sobre el muestreo en una publicación de 1926 de 62 páginas. Su mayor contribución sobre encuestas sociales fue la monumental Nueva Encuesta de Vida y Trabajo en Londres. También se interesó en otros temas, como en su colaboración con Allen en un estudio econométrico sobre gasto de hogares.

Sus Elementos de Estadística se considera como el primer libro de texto sobre estadística en inglés. En él se describen las técnicas de la estadística descriptiva muy útil para la economía y las ciencias sociales. En las primeras ediciones incluía poca teoría estadística hasta la cuarta edición de 1920. Bowley no fue un gran innovador en teoría estadística, siguiendo los trabajos de Karl Pearson, Udny Yule y, principalmente, F. Y. Edgeworth. En 1930 Bowley hizo comentarios reaccionarios sobre Neyman y su intervalo de confianza. Sus enseñanzas presagiarían futuros desarrollos en Análisis exploratorio de datos luego popularizados por John W. Tukey

En su Mathematical Groundwork of Economics expuso las principales ideas y técnicas de la economía matemática para economistas practicantes (no para principiantes) y es el primer libro de su tipo en inglés. Uno de sus principales aportes fue popularizar la caja de Edgeworth entre economistas también conocida hoy como caja de Edgeworth-Bowley.

Ley de Bowley
La ley de Bowley, formulada por él mismo, en econometría, observa cómo la participación de la mano de obra medida en salarios es constante respecto al Producto Nacional Bruto. Bowley lo notó por primera vez al estudiar datos económicos sobre Gran Bretaña que abarcaban desde finales del siglo XIX hasta principios del XX. La ley de Bowley ha sido fuente de debate tanto empírico como teórico entre diferentes teorías macroeconómicas distributivas. Investigaciones durante el siglo XXI han mostrado que la ley no se cumple, ya que la participación de los salarios ha disminuido de manera sustancial y significativa en las economías más industrilizadas a partir de 1980s.

Notas

Obras
A Short Account of England's Foreign Trade in the Nineteenth Century: its economic and social results; with 10 statistical diagrams (London 1893, 1905, 1922).
Wages and Income in the United Kingdom Since 1860, 1900.
Elements of Statistics, 1901. (4th edition in 1920)
Livelihood and Poverty: a study in the economic conditions of working-class households, with A.R. Bennett-Hurst, 1915.
The Division of the Product of Industry, 1919
The Mathematical Groundwork of Economics, 1924.
Has Poverty Diminished? with M.Hogg, 1925.
Measurement of Precision attained in SamplingBulletin de l'Institut International de Statistique, 1926
The National Income 1924 with J. Stamp, 1927.
Bilateral Monopoly, 1928, Economic Journal.
F. Y. Edgeworth's Contributions to Mathematical Statistics, 1928.
New Survey of London Life and Labour, 1930-35.
Family Expenditure with R.G.D. Allen, 1935.
Three Studies in National Income, 1939.

Bibliografía
Aldrich, John. Professor A. L. Bowley's Theory of the Representative Method, Journal Electronique d'Histoire des Probabilités et de la Statistique, diciembre de 2008.
Allen, R.D.G. y George R. F. (1957) Obituary of Professor Sir Arthur Bowley. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, A, 102, 236-241.
Cork, Daniel. A Review of Statistical Sampling, From Laplace to Neyman En: Anderson, Margo y Stephen E. Fienberg. The History of the First American Census and the Constitutional Language on Censustaking 1999. pp 35-41. [www.stat.cmu.edu/tr/tr698/tr698.ps]
Darnell, A. (1981) A.L. Bowley, 1969-1957, pp. 140–174 En: Pioneers of Modern Economics in Britain, (ed. D.P. O'Brien y J.R. Presley) 1981. Londres: Macmillan.
Fienberg, Stephen E. y Judith M. Tanur. Reconsidering the Fundamental Contributions of Fisher and Neyman on Experimentation and Sampling International Statistical Review, Vol. 48, No. 2, Aug., 1980.
Bowley, Arthur Lyon, pp. 277–9 En: Leading Personalities in Statistical Sciences from the Seventeenth Century to the Present, (ed. N. L. Johnson and S. Kotz) 1997. Nueva York: Wiley. Publicado originalmente en Encyclopedia of Statistical Science.
W F Maunder and Sir Arthur Lyon Bowley (1869–1957) En: Studies in the History of Statistics Probability, (ed. E S Pearson and M G Kendall) 1970. Londres: Griffin.

Enlaces externos
Bowley en la British Library of Political and Economic Science
Exposición de Bowley siguiendo a Pearson sobre la función chi-cuadrado en la página *Life and Work of Statisticians

Estadísticos de Inglaterra
Economistas de Inglaterra del siglo XIX
Economistas de Inglaterra del siglo XX
Knights Bachelor
Alumnado del Trinity College (Cambridge)
Nacidos en Bristol


In his paper "The Artist's Brain at Work", Peter Wolfendale reconstructed the dialectic between aesthetic and semantic models of art, presenting an alternative information based model that synthesises the two. He argued that art intervenes on multiple levels of human cognition. Our senses are not merely passive receptors of form and color (like the indexical view of the camera), but are influenced and reinterpreted by semantic and cultural practices which articulate this information in distinct ways. Wolfendale's explicit framing of the human as an informational processing system offers a means to consider the capture and development of human perceptual systems on the technological level. These transformations propose new capacities for art, but also new critical questions regarding the development of technologies, as is demonstrated by the development of color photography. This talk extends arguments from "The Artist's Brain at Work" to discuss the relationship between symbols, Kant's schema, and stereotyping.


The final full week of this year's #atozchallenge starts off with another double header in my B to Z of Twin Peaks, taking one character from each end of the story so far, chronologically speaking.
Teresa Banks only appears in the prequel movie, Fire Walk With Me, but she is the reason Special Agent Dale Cooper comes to Twin Peaks in the first place.
Cooper is convinced Teresa and Laura Palmer are both victims of the same killer and thinks his insights into the mind of Teresa's murderer will helps direct his investigation, while searching for Laura's.
Thomas Eckhardt, on the other hand, doesn't arrive in town until the second half of season two and his appearance sets off a chain of events that we will only really find out the full extent of when the show returns, in a little less than a month's time.
Eckhardt is a South African tycoon who was in business with Andrew Packard, before Andrew's mysterious death in a boating accident. He comes to Twin Peaks in search of his "property", Josie Packard, whom he claims to have rescued from a life of poverty on the streets of Hong Kong.
Here he is, sporting a rather fetching Woolhouse Boys scarf.
#atozchallenge: T is for Teresa and Thomas.


text:
Q: heroku times out every time on post request My app works fine locally and I have a much more complicated app running on heroku. But I consistently get a 503 / H12 timeout when it tries to run a POST request. It takes two seconds locally. Any ideas?
The post route in question (uses a node.js sdk for aylien nlp api):
app.post('/apiRequest', (req, res) => {
    const reqUrl = req.body.url;

    aylienApi.combined({
        'url': reqUrl,
        'endpoint': ['language', 'sentiment', 'summarize']
    }, function(error, result) {
        if (error === null){
            res.send(result.results)
        }
    })
})

The async POST request:
const postData = async (url = '', data = {}) => {
    const res = await fetch(url, {
        method: 'POST',
        credentials: 'same-origin',
        headers: {
            'Content-Type': 'application/json',
        },
        body: JSON.stringify(data)
    })

    try {
        const articleData = await res.json();
        return articleData;
    } catch (error) {
        console.log('error', error)
    }
}

I've read on the heroku documentation that it can be caused by large bits of data, but I'm only grabbing a small amount of JSON and send a url.

A: It turns out I had not uploaded by .env file with the api keys etc, as it was still in the gitignore file.
Silly me. But turns out the Aylien nlp api doesn't warn you if the key isn't set.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Parmalat has reached a settlement to resolve ongoing litigation between the Italian dairy group and Bank of America.
The deal will see Bank of America provide Parmalat with cash payments and the assignment of "certain rights" to the value of US$98.5m.
Parmalat collapsed under debts of EUR14bn (US$19.72bn), the victim of fraud allegedly perpetrated by its former managers.
The company has launched suits in the US and Italy, accusing Bank of America of selling investors Parmalat bonds with full knowledge of the company's financial turmoil.
Bank of America has maintained that these allegations are false.
"No one at Bank of America knew or could have known of the true financial condition of Parmalat. We have defended ourselves vigorously in these cases and are satisfied with this outcome today," the bank said.
Parmalat also emphasised that it was "satisfied" with the agreement, which sent shares in the Italian company up 2.17% to EUR1.88 at 12.17pm (BST) today (29 July).


"Bus Stop" Proceeds brings in $1,231.35 for Marysville Food Pantry!
Once again, we have put another show in "the books". The cast and production team for William Inge's "Bus Stop" worked very hard to make a great show for all who came and to watch. On Thursday, October 15th, 2015 we were very excited to present the Marysville Food Pantry $1,231.35 from our proceeds. Thank you to everyone who came out and supported this show. We also want to thank Gary and Keitha Simpson of the Food Pantry for making it a fun experience in partnering with them to make this show possible.
Since 2013 we've brought you great shows like "Twelve Angry Men", "Our Town", "The Odd Couple" and "Bus Stop". Won't you consider helping us for our 2016 season as we help local non-profit organizations!
We are in the midst of our planning our 2016 season. If you have any ideas of shows that you'd like for us to do, please contact us and let us know.
Also, consider being a "Season Supporter" and partner up with Silver Scene Players and all that we do for the community!


text:
Le district de Jing'an (静安区 ; pinyin : Jìng'ān Qū) est une subdivision du centre de la municipalité de Shanghai en Chine. Il se situe au plein centre de Shanghai, et nommé par son temple, le temple de Jing'an, présent en ce lieu depuis 1216.

Géographie

Histoire

Économie

Culture et patrimoine
 Parc Jing'an
 Parc de sculptures de Jing'an

Principaux monuments
 Le temple de Jing'an
 Le temple du Bouddha de Jade

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Lien externe
  Site officiel

Jingan

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Localidades

Rosengarten (Baixa Saxônia)
Rosengarten (Baden-Württemberg)

Desambiguações de topônimos


text:
Cannero Holidays
Cannero
At the foot of Mount Carza lies Cannero, thought to be one of the first towns that visitors discovered when arriving at Lake Maggiore from Northern Europe. Cannero has managed to retain much of its historical heritage, with a medieval church and plenty of interesting architecture. The lakeside promenade offers photo-worthy views, and the pretty townhouses and cafes create a quaint scene which, when viewed from out on the lake, is stunning.
The views are equally impressive from the well-maintained network of paths on the hillside behind the town, which lead to pretty country villages surrounded by vineyards and chestnut woods. The mild year-round climate on this part of the lake encourages the rich Mediterranean vegetation such as magnolias, azaleas and olive groves, making the landscape especially beautiful.
Local restaurants provide delicious, authentic Italian dishes, and there are plenty more choices in the nearby towns that dot the lake's shore, with Cannobio being closest by.
Handpicked Hotels in Cannero
Discover the real Cannero while staying in one of our carefully selected hotels
Hotel Cannero Lakeside
Italian Lakes, Lake Maggiore
Find out more about Hotel Cannero Lakeside
The closest airport to Lake Maggiore is Milan Malpensa (MXP). Direct flights to Milan are available from Birmingham, Edinburgh, London Gatwick, London Heathrow, London Luton, London Stansted and Manchester and take approximately 2 hours.
Direct flights to Milan Bergamo (BGY) depart from London Stansted, Bristol, Manchester, East Midlands and Belfast and take approximately 2 hours.
Lake Maggiore is a summer destination, with the season generally running from April to October. The best time to visit is in the springtime, when the temperature is warm but not too hot and all the wild flowers are out in bloom. May, June and September are ideal months to visit. Temperatures are at their hottest in July and August and this is when the lake is at its busiest.
Listen to our Learn Italian podcast, where we cover everything from basic to intermediate phrases.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
HP Intros $199 Stream 11 Windows Laptop
by Fox Van Allen on October 01, 2014
in Laptops, News, Computers and Software, Computers & Accessories, Tablets & eReaders, Blog, Money Savers :: 0 comments
Looking to pick up a new, inexpensive laptop or tablet for the kids this holiday season? Hewlett Packard may have just what you're looking for. This week, the company introduced the latest entries into its HP Stream line of products, including an 11.6" Windows laptop starting at $199 and a 7" Windows tablet starting at $99.
How is HP getting to such a low price? Like Chromebooks, HP's new line of Stream laptops and tablets are designed to use web-based software and so there's little storage on the devices. Documents are stores in the cloud.
On the laptop side, the HP Stream 11 offers a dual-core Intel Celeron processor, 32GB of flash memory and an 11.6-inch, 1280 x 720 high-definition display. You also get 1TB of Microsoft OneDrive cloud storage for a year, a subscription to Office 365 Personal for a year and a $25 gift card for buying apps or games on the Microsoft Store. The larger HP Stream 13 features a 13.3-inch display, with optional touch-screen functionality and 4G LTE modem. And as if to push value even further, you can sign up to get 200MB of free data per month through T-Mobile.
The HP Stream 7 and Stream 8 each feature a quad-core Intel processor, HD display and the Windows 8.1 operating system. Like the HP Stream laptops, they also come with 1 TB of OneDrive storage, Office 365 Personal for a year and the option to add T-Mobile 4G LTE. There's nothing about the tab that will blow you away except for the price – just $99 to start.
The smaller HP Stream 11.6" starts at $199.99; the larger 13.3" laptop carries an MSRP of $229.99. The HP Stream 7 and Stream 8 tablets are priced at $99.99 and $149.99 respectively. Both will be available this November on the HP Shopping website and in major retail stores near you.


Excelsior is a manufacturer of custom gaskets, washers, seals, insulators, packings, shims, protective covers and other precision parts from both synthetic materials and thin gauge metals.
We first opened our doors in 1916 in Rockford, Illinois. Throughout the years, we have been able to combine the sophistication required to deal with large international OEM manufacturers while retaining the scale and personal service valued by companies of all sizes. Whether it is a standard part for a household consumer product or proprietary piece for an aerospace company, our team will work with you to design, prototype and manufacture parts that meet the exact specifications of your project.


Home Your browser isn't invited for super fun time.
To view all other brands & models, simply click on the vendor logos near the bottom of the page to link you to their company website.
PHOTOS SHOWN MAY NO LONGER BE AVAILABLE AS MODELS ARE CONTINUALLY UPDATED.
PLEASE CONTACT US WITH ANY QUESTIONS. OUR QUALIFIED STAFF IS HERE TO HELP WITH ALL OF YOUR NEEDS.


text:
Johnson, Janet B.
Senate 1991-92 (District 19); Senate 1993-99 (District 18)
Counties Served: Anoka, Chisago, Isanti, Kanabec, Pine
Date of Birth: 3/5/1940 (uncertain)
Birth Place: New York City (Bronx), New York
Religion: Lutheran
City of Residence (when first elected): North Branch
Occupation (when first elected): Small Business Owner; Natural Spaces, Environmentally Efficient Homes Specialist
University of Minnesota; Attended College;
School Board/Administration: North Branch, Minnesota (School Board, 7 years); 198? to 19??
Spouse: Dennis
Children: Three children: Jessica and Jennifer (daughters), Erik (son)
Special Legislative Concerns: education, environment, human services, rural development.
She came to Minnesota in 1960.
She ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic-Farmer-Labor party endorsement for the Minnesota House of Representatives in the 1986 primary election.
She died from a malignant brain tumor at Region's Hospital in St. Paul, Minnesota. A public funeral service was held at the North Branch High School auditorium.
She was a member of Trinity Lutheran Church in North Branch, Minnesota.
Religion provided by a newspaper article.
81st Legislative Session (1999-2000) (second half of Senate term)
Residence: North Branch
Term of Office: 1/7/1997 to 8/21/1999 (unfinished term)
Counties Represented: Chisago, Isanti, Kanabec, Pine
Occupation: Small Business Owner; Natural Spaces, Environmentally Efficient Homes Specialist
Environment and Natural Resources/Agriculture and Rural Development/State Government Finance: Environment and Agriculture Budget Division
Jobs, Energy and Community Development
Jobs, Energy and Community Development: Electric Energy Deregulation
Jobs, Energy and Community Development: Telecommunications and Technology
State Government Finance
Transportation/State Government Finance: Transportation Budget Division (Chair)
Reason for unfinished term: Death
Session Notes: She died while in office on August 21, 1999.
Environment and Natural Resources: Environment and Natural Resources Finance Division
Environment and Natural Resources: Public Lands and Waters
Jobs, Energy and Community Development: Economic Development and Housing
Jobs, Energy and Community Development: Energy and Public Utilities (Chair)
Jobs, Energy and Community Development: Jobs, Energy and Community Development Finance Division
Joint Claims
Counties Represented: Anoka, Chisago, Isanti, Kanabec, Pine
Economic Development and Housing
Health and Human Services: Social Services
Veterans and General Legislation
Senate Photos
The photos in this collection were scanned from the files of the Minnesota Senate Photographer with the generous help of the Minnesota Digital Library.
Senator Janet Johnson listens to testimony during a committee hearing, St. Paul, Minnesota.
Webb, Tom. "Senator's Death a Blow to Outdoors Groups (Obituary)." St. Paul Pioneer Press, August 27, 1999, p. 1B.
Her, Lucy Y. and Robert Whereatt. "State Sen. Janet Johnson Dies of a Brain Tumor at 59 (Obituary)." Star Tribune, August 22, 1999.


Hi. My name is Steve Jackson. I am an independent agency with over 30 years experience. My business is Steve Jackson Real Estate at 532 Brighton Road, Brighton. See me at www.stevejackson.com.au Please consider my service and feel free to research my agency at www.stevejackson.com.au Thanks and regards, Steve Jackson stevejackson@stevejackson.com.au Ph 83770588 office or 0411414805 mobile.
I ask you what you want and make suitable recommendations based around your specific requirements. You can have a free colour brochure, optional no sale / no charge free internet marketing websites, a free 1200x800 sign (or no sign / or optional 1800x900 photo sign), access to my database of buyers and tenants which numbers approximately 1,100.


text:
package org.springframework.boot.context.logging;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.logging.Handler;
import java.util.logging.LogManager;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

import ch.qos.logback.classic.Level;
import ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.io.TempDir;
import org.slf4j.bridge.SLF4JBridgeHandler;
import org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.event.ApplicationFailedEvent;
import org.springframework.boot.context.event.ApplicationStartingEvent;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.bind.BindException;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.source.ConfigurationPropertySources;
import org.springframework.boot.logging.AbstractLoggingSystem;
import org.springframework.boot.logging.LogFile;
import org.springframework.boot.logging.LogLevel;
import org.springframework.boot.logging.LoggerConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.logging.LoggerGroups;
import org.springframework.boot.logging.LoggingInitializationContext;
import org.springframework.boot.logging.LoggingSystem;
import org.springframework.boot.logging.LoggingSystemProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.logging.java.JavaLoggingSystem;
import org.springframework.boot.system.ApplicationPid;
import org.springframework.boot.testsupport.classpath.ClassPathExclusions;
import org.springframework.boot.testsupport.system.CapturedOutput;
import org.springframework.boot.testsupport.system.OutputCaptureExtension;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.event.ContextClosedEvent;
import org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster;
import org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment;
import org.springframework.core.env.MapPropertySource;
import org.springframework.core.env.MutablePropertySources;
import org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils;

import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatExceptionOfType;
import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatIllegalStateException;

/**
 * Tests for {@link LoggingApplicationListener} with Logback.
 *
 * @author Dave Syer
 * @author Phillip Webb
 * @author Andy Wilkinson
 * @author Stephane Nicoll
 * @author Ben Hale
 * @author Fahim Farook
 * @author Eddú Meléndez
 */
@ExtendWith(OutputCaptureExtension.class)
@ClassPathExclusions("log4j*.jar")
class LoggingApplicationListenerTests {

	private static final String[] NO_ARGS = {};

	private final LoggingApplicationListener initializer = new LoggingApplicationListener();

	private final LoggerContext loggerContext = (LoggerContext) StaticLoggerBinder.getSingleton().getLoggerFactory();

	private final ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger logger = this.loggerContext.getLogger(getClass());

	private final SpringApplication springApplication = new SpringApplication();

	private final GenericApplicationContext context = new GenericApplicationContext();

	@TempDir
	public Path tempDir;

	private File logFile;

	private CapturedOutput output;

	@BeforeEach
	void init(CapturedOutput output) throws SecurityException, IOException {
		this.output = output;
		this.logFile = new File(this.tempDir.toFile(), "foo.log");
		LogManager.getLogManager().readConfiguration(JavaLoggingSystem.class.getResourceAsStream("logging.properties"));
		multicastEvent(new ApplicationStartingEvent(new SpringApplication(), NO_ARGS));
		new File(this.tempDir.toFile(), "spring.log").delete();
		ConfigurableEnvironment environment = this.context.getEnvironment();
		ConfigurationPropertySources.attach(environment);
	}

	@AfterEach
	void clear() throws IOException {
		LoggingSystem loggingSystem = LoggingSystem.get(getClass().getClassLoader());
		loggingSystem.setLogLevel("ROOT", LogLevel.INFO);
		loggingSystem.cleanUp();
		if (loggingSystem.getShutdownHandler() != null) {
			loggingSystem.getShutdownHandler().run();
		}
		System.clearProperty(LoggingSystem.class.getName());
		System.clearProperty(LoggingSystemProperties.LOG_FILE);
		System.clearProperty(LoggingSystemProperties.LOG_PATH);
		System.clearProperty(LoggingSystemProperties.PID_KEY);
		System.clearProperty(LoggingSystemProperties.EXCEPTION_CONVERSION_WORD);
		System.clearProperty(LoggingSystemProperties.CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN);
		System.clearProperty(LoggingSystemProperties.FILE_LOG_PATTERN);
		System.clearProperty(LoggingSystemProperties.LOG_LEVEL_PATTERN);
		System.clearProperty(LoggingSystemProperties.ROLLING_FILE_NAME_PATTERN);
		System.clearProperty(LoggingSystem.SYSTEM_PROPERTY);
		if (this.context != null) {
			this.context.close();
		}
	}

	@Test
	void baseConfigLocation() {
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		this.logger.info("Hello world", new RuntimeException("Expected"));
		assertThat(this.output).contains("Hello world");
		assertThat(this.output).doesNotContain("???");
		assertThat(this.output).contains("[junit-");
		assertThat(new File(this.tempDir + "/spring.log").exists()).isFalse();
	}

	@Test
	void overrideConfigLocation() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.config=classpath:logback-nondefault.xml");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		this.logger.info("Hello world");
		assertThat(this.output).contains("Hello world").doesNotContain("???").startsWith("null ").endsWith("BOOTBOOT");
	}

	@Test
	void overrideConfigDoesNotExist() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.config=doesnotexist.xml");
		assertThatIllegalStateException().isThrownBy(() -> {
			this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
			assertThat(this.output)
					.contains("Logging system failed to initialize using configuration from 'doesnotexist.xml'");
		});
	}

	@Test
	void azureDefaultLoggingConfigDoesNotCauseAFailure() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context,
				"logging.config=-Djava.util.logging.config.file=\"d:\\home\\site\\wwwroot\\bin\\apache-tomcat-7.0.52\\conf\\logging.properties\"");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		this.logger.info("Hello world");
		assertThat(this.output).contains("Hello world").doesNotContain("???");
		assertThat(new File(this.tempDir.toFile(), "/spring.log").exists()).isFalse();
	}

	@Test
	void tomcatNopLoggingConfigDoesNotCauseAFailure() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "LOGGING_CONFIG=-Dnop");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		this.logger.info("Hello world");
		assertThat(this.output).contains("Hello world").doesNotContain("???");
		assertThat(new File(this.tempDir.toFile(), "/spring.log").exists()).isFalse();
	}

	@Test
	void overrideConfigBroken() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.config=classpath:logback-broken.xml");
		assertThatIllegalStateException().isThrownBy(() -> {
			this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
			assertThat(this.output).contains(
					"Logging system failed to initialize using configuration from 'classpath:logback-broken.xml'");
			assertThat(this.output).contains("ConsolAppender");
		});
	}

	@Test
	void addLogFileProperty() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.config=classpath:logback-nondefault.xml",
				"logging.file.name=" + this.logFile);
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(LoggingApplicationListenerTests.class);
		String existingOutput = this.output.toString();
		logger.info("Hello world");
		String output = this.output.toString().substring(existingOutput.length()).trim();
		assertThat(output).startsWith(this.logFile.getAbsolutePath());
	}

	@Test
	void addLogFilePropertyWithDefault() {
		assertThat(this.logFile).doesNotExist();
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.file.name=" + this.logFile);
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(LoggingApplicationListenerTests.class);
		logger.info("Hello world");
		assertThat(this.logFile).isFile();
	}

	@Test
	void addLogPathProperty() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.config=classpath:logback-nondefault.xml",
				"logging.file.path=" + this.tempDir);
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(LoggingApplicationListenerTests.class);
		String existingOutput = this.output.toString();
		logger.info("Hello world");
		String output = this.output.toString().substring(existingOutput.length()).trim();
		assertThat(output).startsWith(new File(this.tempDir.toFile(), "spring.log").getAbsolutePath());
	}

	@Test
	void parseDebugArg() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "debug");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		this.logger.debug("testatdebug");
		this.logger.trace("testattrace");
		assertThat(this.output).contains("testatdebug");
		assertThat(this.output).doesNotContain("testattrace");
	}

	@Test
	void parseDebugArgExpandGroups() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "debug");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		this.loggerContext.getLogger("org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.web").debug("testdebugwebgroup");
		this.loggerContext.getLogger("org.hibernate.SQL").debug("testdebugsqlgroup");
		assertThat(this.output).contains("testdebugwebgroup");
		assertThat(this.output).contains("testdebugsqlgroup");
		LoggerGroups loggerGroups = (LoggerGroups) ReflectionTestUtils.getField(this.initializer, "loggerGroups");
		assertThat(loggerGroups.get("web").getConfiguredLevel()).isEqualTo(LogLevel.DEBUG);
	}

	@Test
	void parseTraceArg() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "trace");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		this.logger.debug("testatdebug");
		this.logger.trace("testattrace");
		assertThat(this.output).contains("testatdebug");
		assertThat(this.output).contains("testattrace");
	}

	@Test
	void disableDebugArg() {
		disableDebugTraceArg("debug=false");
	}

	@Test
	void disableTraceArg() {
		disableDebugTraceArg("trace=false");
	}

	private void disableDebugTraceArg(String... environment) {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, environment);
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		this.logger.debug("testatdebug");
		this.logger.trace("testattrace");
		assertThat(this.output).doesNotContain("testatdebug");
		assertThat(this.output).doesNotContain("testattrace");
	}

	@Test
	void parseLevels() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.level.org.springframework.boot=TRACE");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		this.logger.debug("testatdebug");
		this.logger.trace("testattrace");
		assertThat(this.output).contains("testatdebug");
		assertThat(this.output).contains("testattrace");
	}

	@Test
	void parseLevelsCaseInsensitive() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.level.org.springframework.boot=TrAcE");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		this.logger.debug("testatdebug");
		this.logger.trace("testattrace");
		assertThat(this.output).contains("testatdebug");
		assertThat(this.output).contains("testattrace");
	}

	@Test
	void parseLevelsTrimsWhitespace() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.level.org.springframework.boot= trace ");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		this.logger.debug("testatdebug");
		this.logger.trace("testattrace");
		assertThat(this.output).contains("testatdebug");
		assertThat(this.output).contains("testattrace");
	}

	@Test
	void parseLevelsWithPlaceholder() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "foo=TRACE", "logging.level.org.springframework.boot=${foo}");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		this.logger.debug("testatdebug");
		this.logger.trace("testattrace");
		assertThat(this.output).contains("testatdebug");
		assertThat(this.output).contains("testattrace");
	}

	@Test
	void parseLevelsFails() {
		this.logger.setLevel(Level.INFO);
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.level.org.springframework.boot=GARBAGE");
		assertThatExceptionOfType(BindException.class).isThrownBy(
				() -> this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader()));
	}

	@Test
	void parseLevelsNone() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.level.org.springframework.boot=OFF");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		this.logger.debug("testatdebug");
		this.logger.error("testaterror");
		assertThat(this.output).doesNotContain("testatdebug").doesNotContain("testaterror");
	}

	@Test
	void parseLevelsMapsFalseToOff() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.level.org.springframework.boot=false");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		this.logger.debug("testatdebug");
		this.logger.error("testaterror");
		assertThat(this.output).doesNotContain("testatdebug").doesNotContain("testaterror");
	}

	@Test
	void parseArgsDisabled() {
		this.initializer.setParseArgs(false);
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "debug");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		this.logger.debug("testatdebug");
		assertThat(this.output).doesNotContain("testatdebug");
	}

	@Test
	void parseArgsDoesntReplace() {
		this.initializer.setSpringBootLogging(LogLevel.ERROR);
		this.initializer.setParseArgs(false);
		multicastEvent(new ApplicationStartingEvent(this.springApplication, new String[] { "--debug" }));
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		this.logger.debug("testatdebug");
		assertThat(this.output).doesNotContain("testatdebug");
	}

	@Test
	void bridgeHandlerLifecycle() {
		assertThat(bridgeHandlerInstalled()).isTrue();
		multicastEvent(new ContextClosedEvent(this.context));
		assertThat(bridgeHandlerInstalled()).isFalse();
	}

	@Test
	void defaultExceptionConversionWord() {
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		this.logger.info("Hello world", new RuntimeException("Wrapper", new RuntimeException("Expected")));
		assertThat(this.output).contains("Hello world");
		assertThat(this.output).doesNotContain("Wrapped by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Wrapper");
	}

	@Test
	void overrideExceptionConversionWord() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.exceptionConversionWord=%rEx");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		this.logger.info("Hello world", new RuntimeException("Wrapper", new RuntimeException("Expected")));
		assertThat(this.output).contains("Hello world");
		assertThat(this.output).contains("Wrapped by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Wrapper");
	}

	@Test
	void shutdownHookIsNotRegisteredByDefault() {
		TestLoggingApplicationListener listener = new TestLoggingApplicationListener();
		System.setProperty(LoggingSystem.class.getName(), TestShutdownHandlerLoggingSystem.class.getName());
		multicastEvent(listener, new ApplicationStartingEvent(new SpringApplication(), NO_ARGS));
		listener.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		assertThat(listener.shutdownHook).isNull();
	}

	@Test
	void shutdownHookCanBeRegistered() throws Exception {
		TestLoggingApplicationListener listener = new TestLoggingApplicationListener();
		System.setProperty(LoggingSystem.class.getName(), TestShutdownHandlerLoggingSystem.class.getName());
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.register_shutdown_hook=true");
		multicastEvent(listener, new ApplicationStartingEvent(new SpringApplication(), NO_ARGS));
		listener.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		assertThat(listener.shutdownHook).isNotNull();
		listener.shutdownHook.start();
		assertThat(TestShutdownHandlerLoggingSystem.shutdownLatch.await(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)).isTrue();
	}

	@Test
	void closingContextCleansUpLoggingSystem() {
		System.setProperty(LoggingSystem.SYSTEM_PROPERTY, TestCleanupLoggingSystem.class.getName());
		multicastEvent(new ApplicationStartingEvent(this.springApplication, new String[0]));
		TestCleanupLoggingSystem loggingSystem = (TestCleanupLoggingSystem) ReflectionTestUtils
				.getField(this.initializer, "loggingSystem");
		assertThat(loggingSystem.cleanedUp).isFalse();
		multicastEvent(new ContextClosedEvent(this.context));
		assertThat(loggingSystem.cleanedUp).isTrue();
	}

	@Test
	void closingChildContextDoesNotCleanUpLoggingSystem() {
		System.setProperty(LoggingSystem.SYSTEM_PROPERTY, TestCleanupLoggingSystem.class.getName());
		multicastEvent(new ApplicationStartingEvent(this.springApplication, new String[0]));
		TestCleanupLoggingSystem loggingSystem = (TestCleanupLoggingSystem) ReflectionTestUtils
				.getField(this.initializer, "loggingSystem");
		assertThat(loggingSystem.cleanedUp).isFalse();
		GenericApplicationContext childContext = new GenericApplicationContext();
		childContext.setParent(this.context);
		multicastEvent(new ContextClosedEvent(childContext));
		assertThat(loggingSystem.cleanedUp).isFalse();
		multicastEvent(new ContextClosedEvent(this.context));
		assertThat(loggingSystem.cleanedUp).isTrue();
		childContext.close();
	}

	@Test
	void systemPropertiesAreSetForLoggingConfiguration() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.exception-conversion-word=conversion",
				"logging.file.name=" + this.logFile, "logging.file.path=path", "logging.pattern.console=console",
				"logging.pattern.file=file", "logging.pattern.level=level",
				"logging.pattern.rolling-file-name=my.log.%d{yyyyMMdd}.%i.gz");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		assertThat(System.getProperty(LoggingSystemProperties.CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN)).isEqualTo("console");
		assertThat(System.getProperty(LoggingSystemProperties.FILE_LOG_PATTERN)).isEqualTo("file");
		assertThat(System.getProperty(LoggingSystemProperties.EXCEPTION_CONVERSION_WORD)).isEqualTo("conversion");
		assertThat(System.getProperty(LoggingSystemProperties.LOG_FILE)).isEqualTo(this.logFile.getAbsolutePath());
		assertThat(System.getProperty(LoggingSystemProperties.LOG_LEVEL_PATTERN)).isEqualTo("level");
		assertThat(System.getProperty(LoggingSystemProperties.LOG_PATH)).isEqualTo("path");
		assertThat(System.getProperty(LoggingSystemProperties.ROLLING_FILE_NAME_PATTERN))
				.isEqualTo("my.log.%d{yyyyMMdd}.%i.gz");
		assertThat(System.getProperty(LoggingSystemProperties.PID_KEY)).isNotNull();
	}

	@Test
	void environmentPropertiesIgnoreUnresolvablePlaceholders() {
		// gh-7719
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.pattern.console=console ${doesnotexist}");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		assertThat(System.getProperty(LoggingSystemProperties.CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN))
				.isEqualTo("console ${doesnotexist}");
	}

	@Test
	void environmentPropertiesResolvePlaceholders() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.pattern.console=console ${pid}");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		assertThat(System.getProperty(LoggingSystemProperties.CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN))
				.isEqualTo(this.context.getEnvironment().getProperty("logging.pattern.console"));
	}

	@Test
	void logFilePropertiesCanReferenceSystemProperties() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.file.name=" + this.tempDir + "${PID}.log");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		assertThat(System.getProperty(LoggingSystemProperties.LOG_FILE))
				.isEqualTo(this.tempDir + new ApplicationPid().toString() + ".log");
	}

	@Test
	void applicationFailedEventCleansUpLoggingSystem() {
		System.setProperty(LoggingSystem.SYSTEM_PROPERTY, TestCleanupLoggingSystem.class.getName());
		multicastEvent(new ApplicationStartingEvent(this.springApplication, new String[0]));
		TestCleanupLoggingSystem loggingSystem = (TestCleanupLoggingSystem) ReflectionTestUtils
				.getField(this.initializer, "loggingSystem");
		assertThat(loggingSystem.cleanedUp).isFalse();
		multicastEvent(new ApplicationFailedEvent(this.springApplication, new String[0],
				new GenericApplicationContext(), new Exception()));
		assertThat(loggingSystem.cleanedUp).isTrue();
	}

	@Test
	void lowPriorityPropertySourceShouldNotOverrideRootLoggerConfig() {
		MutablePropertySources propertySources = this.context.getEnvironment().getPropertySources();
		propertySources
				.addFirst(new MapPropertySource("test1", Collections.singletonMap("logging.level.ROOT", "DEBUG")));
		propertySources.addLast(new MapPropertySource("test2", Collections.singletonMap("logging.level.root", "WARN")));
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		this.logger.debug("testatdebug");
		assertThat(this.output).contains("testatdebug");
	}

	@Test
	void loggingGroupsDefaultsAreApplied() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.level.web=TRACE");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		assertTraceEnabled("org.springframework.core", false);
		assertTraceEnabled("org.springframework.core.codec", true);
		assertTraceEnabled("org.springframework.http", true);
		assertTraceEnabled("org.springframework.web", true);
		assertTraceEnabled("org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.web", true);
		assertTraceEnabled("org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletContextInitializerBeans", true);
	}

	@Test
	void loggingGroupsCanBeDefined() {
		addPropertiesToEnvironment(this.context, "logging.group.foo=com.foo.bar,com.foo.baz",
				"logging.level.foo=TRACE");
		this.initializer.initialize(this.context.getEnvironment(), this.context.getClassLoader());
		assertTraceEnabled("com.foo", false);
		assertTraceEnabled("com.foo.bar", true);
		assertTraceEnabled("com.foo.baz", true);
	}

	private void assertTraceEnabled(String name, boolean expected) {
		assertThat(this.loggerContext.getLogger(name).isTraceEnabled()).isEqualTo(expected);
	}

	private void multicastEvent(ApplicationEvent event) {
		multicastEvent(this.initializer, event);
	}

	private void multicastEvent(ApplicationListener<?> listener, ApplicationEvent event) {
		SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster multicaster = new SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster();
		multicaster.addApplicationListener(listener);
		multicaster.multicastEvent(event);
	}

	private boolean bridgeHandlerInstalled() {
		Logger rootLogger = LogManager.getLogManager().getLogger("");
		Handler[] handlers = rootLogger.getHandlers();
		for (Handler handler : handlers) {
			if (handler instanceof SLF4JBridgeHandler) {
				return true;
			}
		}
		return false;
	}

	private void addPropertiesToEnvironment(ConfigurableApplicationContext context, String... pairs) {
		ConfigurableEnvironment environment = context.getEnvironment();
		Map<String, Object> properties = new HashMap<>();
		for (String pair : pairs) {
			String[] split = pair.split("=", 2);
			properties.put(split[0], (split.length == 2) ? split[1] : "");
		}
		MapPropertySource propertySource = new MapPropertySource("logging-config", properties);
		environment.getPropertySources().addFirst(propertySource);
	}

	static class TestShutdownHandlerLoggingSystem extends AbstractLoggingSystem {

		private static CountDownLatch shutdownLatch;

		TestShutdownHandlerLoggingSystem(ClassLoader classLoader) {
			super(classLoader);
			TestShutdownHandlerLoggingSystem.shutdownLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
		}

		@Override
		protected String[] getStandardConfigLocations() {
			return new String[] { "foo.bar" };
		}

		@Override
		protected void loadDefaults(LoggingInitializationContext initializationContext, LogFile logFile) {
		}

		@Override
		protected void loadConfiguration(LoggingInitializationContext initializationContext, String location,
				LogFile logFile) {
		}

		@Override
		public void setLogLevel(String loggerName, LogLevel level) {
		}

		@Override
		public List<LoggerConfiguration> getLoggerConfigurations() {
			return null;
		}

		@Override
		public LoggerConfiguration getLoggerConfiguration(String loggerName) {
			return null;
		}

		@Override
		public Runnable getShutdownHandler() {
			return () -> TestShutdownHandlerLoggingSystem.shutdownLatch.countDown();
		}

	}

	static class TestLoggingApplicationListener extends LoggingApplicationListener {

		private Thread shutdownHook;

		@Override
		void registerShutdownHook(Thread shutdownHook) {
			this.shutdownHook = shutdownHook;
		}

	}

	static final class TestCleanupLoggingSystem extends LoggingSystem {

		private boolean cleanedUp = false;

		TestCleanupLoggingSystem(ClassLoader classLoader) {
		}

		@Override
		public void beforeInitialize() {
		}

		@Override
		public void setLogLevel(String loggerName, LogLevel level) {
		}

		@Override
		public List<LoggerConfiguration> getLoggerConfigurations() {
			return null;
		}

		@Override
		public LoggerConfiguration getLoggerConfiguration(String loggerName) {
			return null;
		}

		@Override
		public void cleanUp() {
			this.cleanedUp = true;
		}

	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Brighton & Hove Albion badge - Link to home
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POWELL EXPECTING MORE ATTACKING ENDEAVOUR
Geoff Penn
Hope Powell
James Hilsum
Brighton & Hove Albion women's first-team manager Hope Powell is expecting her side to show more attacking endeavour against London Bees, when the north Londoners visit Culver Road in a FA WSL 2 game this afternoon.
Powell stressed the importance of returning to winning ways in the league, and says the approach to the game will be very different to the SSE Women's FA Cup clash with Manchester City last week.
She said, "The game plan is going to be very different. We're hoping to have more possession of the ball and hopefully we can play much more in the final third.
"The focus will be on trying to claw some points back and hopefully we take lessons from the Man City game and how we performed in that.
"I hope that we can take the defensive aspects of that performance into the London Bees game, try not to concede and be more clinical in front of goal when the chances present themselves."
The Bees currently sit three places below Albion with eight points from eight league fixtures so far, but Powell is refusing to underestimate the challenge that awaits.
"They've [London Bees] been a bit inconsistent. They've lost some players and gained some too.
"They have everything to play for, as do we, and it's going to be a tough game.
"Every game in this league is very competitive, and we don't expect this to be any different. They want to get points to drag them up the table, and I'm envisaging it to be quite a battle."
The Seagulls boss also reviewed last week's game against City and feels that plenty of lessons have been learned ahead of the club's debut campaign in FA WSL 1 next season.
"A lot of positives came out of it and we proved in the game that we can be disciplined defensively against sides of that quality.
"If we're looking ahead to FA WSL 1, the opportunities in front of goal are going to be fewer than what they are here. When you get a chance, you've got to take it.
"But there were many positives to take and the girls really want to learn and get better. Hopefully that game will help us ahead of Sunday and for the games coming up in the future too."
Advance tickets are no longer available for the match, but tickets can be purchased on the gate at Culver Road, priced at £10 for adults and £5 for under-16s/over-65s.
Brighton and Hove Albion Ladies vs London Bees Ladies on 11 Feb 18


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You see what you can hit Sign up to follow Up Forms and articles will empower you can either way we certainly do a general form, an application which is embedded form, subscriber pop up. You tell me how can do any of a number of these, but in this case we're just gonna do i send to a general form or subscriptions page because this is gonna allow cookies to give you a landing page. So much for writing this shows you anticipate as to what it looks like. You know so you can leave it the way you like this or aren't sure if you can choose the notify option whatever color you at some point want in the background. So this will work if you want to think about it red, you can't do-it-yourself we can turn it is very important to any color you want and you want and country with whatever you can put off from purchasing a logo up bar at the top if you know you wouldn't want to choose a form from a logo. Select insert. Save contact information to and insert image, so in this article we're just gonna put this kind of content in here so we can connect you can see.
Then you should use this will be without actually running a title area from a map and I can target folks with just put How could mailchimp object to Bake a Cake cheat sheet. This partnership with mailchimp is gonna be sure to substitute your sign up form, so i think if you can put whatever the data tells you want in here. This facebook ad example is just a checkbox in the basic form. So many options if you're just setting up lists in this up and ideally you'll be giving them something saying, "Okay. Download below," and i will send you can take long to figure out whatever you want. If that's working for you want to do is to delete something from here, you search wisely you can hit Delete that list field and delete it was sent to or you can be used to add stuff to maintain or update it if you will need to have text, a number, more information. Now on you can keep in mind, the feature-set is far more information you have any questions ask for, the attacks meaning no less likely people in jalan baru are going to display a newsletter sign up for your company and your list. So for example if you just create segments to filter your sign up form. You're gonna do instead is download the same thing is that because with your alerts.
This list is the one is the same. It wasn't affecting everyone just has alerts for new comments on it, but i think if you're opt in spambox placement of confirmation email. It's already pre-done for you, so you see that you can leave everything else as it as is just for forms or you can expect if you change it. If i'm not mistaken you want to be able to send a download, I be able to do this in it can solve the final welcome email. So in this case you'd select Send the autoresponder that's a Final Welcome Email. In here, you'd just like to give them the litmus community to download and say, "Here is to write for your How to Bake a Cake cheat sheet." I got 700+ people would link this website are set to whatever your account and to download is, so i'm not sure it's going to mailchimp subscribers can be a file to an email and I don't think we could have that one million app downloads in here.
But i'm wondering if I have another one, so with that said I'm just gonna show up to those you from a file that I already have in here. But to start with let's see what do you call this one is. I am sure i have no idea, so with that said I'm just gonna insert it. Sure, so having said that let's open the content sectionwhere your link and see that mailchimp uses what's in there. Increase people's awareness of your following, so much for writing this looks like i do from my Twitter download. So i know what I'm just gonna download only for members it so you are self-hosted you can see what i wanted and it is, so forgive me if this is my lg card from Twitter guide. You page' there you can go through this, so much for doing this is the name of the download that they'll get all the answers in the email.
I'll be able to save that and close, so pick a date after they've gone through the warrior forum all the prompts, this case it definitely is what they'll get. It'll say, "Your subscription's been confirmed. Here and this method is your How they signed up to Bake a Cake cheat sheet," so does not prove they can download it. Now this means that you can put this will not work in the confirmation page and the thank you page scroll down as if you want emails sent such as well. You probably know you can also send to all of them to another url con una URL instead of active members in the confirmation thank you page where you page, so that's the page I have blog and some blog posts that I generally try to send people to. So for every newsletteretc I actually put in all of the URL in my early days here so they told me they won't ever see other's learning's on this page. If you're a blogger you save it, they'll just blasting non-opted emails go straight to manage the people that URL. It also means you can also go into the code to a video to your template if you're sending an email throug them to a link to a video tutorial.
It down there are just depends what kind of form you want to my laptop to send them to, so whether you're facing this is how you want them to set up so that when an email list break the rules and welcome message. So it integrates well with this option, you may never even have essentially a great option to sign up form. So it's up-to-date though you can send campaigns to many people to this sort of landing page with this paste in the URL and they're gonna sign up. I'll walk with you show you exactly who clicked on what that looks like, so you can work when they go back to subscribe to this URL, they're gonna see this. They reply so you can sign up, so let me ask you can use event like $click this as a visitor tries to sign up form. You that's perfect you can kind of decorate it always surprises me how you want. You're a new company just really limited.
Part 2: Setting modal that pops Up An Automated process for b2b Email Sequence. So but in aweber you're gonna go into typepad and to campaigns. Create it just like a campaign. Create an email or an email. We're gonna do i create an automated and you know how i can choose how i can help you want to compare it to do it. But in the meantime we'll say what is an autoresponder if we want to go back to thank first time the longer time customers? So we know how we are gonna thank you gary at first time customers to jump into and thank you been using it for your purchase. Tell your friends about us about your purchase.
Recommend testing mailchimp in a product, so i could leave this is a plain or pre-existing template that looks and feels just like MailChimp already has a larger feature set up. You're catering your email just gonna go to the page in and edit the content and the trigger, so by the time you can set in 182 countries this up to just let it go out an average of 1 hour after and thanking them and welcoming them for their purchase. It tells you the segment you what it's doing. It says, "When a coupon or special subscriber purchases any more for the product from your store." You like so you can change this way you could trigger to be very careful because something else. But for right now we're gonna leave how you do it as is. You need experts who can also choose whether to trigger the schedule if that's working for you don't want to know how it to go in to send out on certain days i used 1shoppingcart because maybe people like this so don't open their sign-up to your email on certain days.
It may start with just tells you can expand on that it may inspire you to take longer to my email to trigger the email, but in my case I would probably because people prefer not send it out every day. It certainly hanldes attachments just depends on ipad 3 and what you're doing. If that's a platform you're trying to my newsletters to get somebody to your website to buy something or html text but if you're thanking somebody, it depends. If you initiate something you're trying to constant contact or get them to the other would take an action, you agree that we may want them to convince them to subscribe or way you can take action on, say, Monday through Friday when we detect that they're at work for certain niches and they really important that you don't have anything else we can do to do. So excited to test this is kind of getting tired of a pre-done email marketing transactional emails and it looks smells and works like it says, "Hey, tell your friends about us about your purchase." So popular is that it's trying to do this to get feedback from them and get them and you exactly what it can set this up. This does what it says 10 days after. Then 20 days or 30 days after, it says, "Hey, we'd like for the content to recommend some of the other products to you," so far we've solved this is already pre-done for you. You update the reviews can set this site builder live up for every single thing this person that purchases a specific product from you. It's therefore well worth going to send emails and check out and then i would like you can send your communication through a test email to be subscribed so you can see, so the first thing you can send out information about a test email. You are running; you can send all three.
You may think i can send a segment to target specific one, just picking which means to me one and it tells you. So the downsides as I would send anything because sometimes it to myself a test email and then make sure those are examples of what it out and it looks like. You sign up you can also include optional evidence or a message in mail shrimp seen here as well. Then click on the save and exit because you need to set it up, so forgive me if you can also be able to take out one of my challenges of these if there's one authority you don't want to know what it in here. But having a company that's how you have an integration set up an email within an automated sequence. So that it is now you know your biz and how to set up a sign up an email addresses from a list and start to finish building it with kickofflabs please send an autoresponder, but it will not do you know your biz and how to actually save money and get customers to trigger after subscribers join your list? No problem.
I've got autoresponders in mailchimp you covered with a click of a checklist that the mandrill api will help you simply want to build the perfect opt-in forms that they offer that customers with active subscriptions will actually want to know how to sign up options to users for and share. Click the link in the link in mailchimp doesn't work the description below manual describes how to download it now. I'm Brandi of BlogginBrandi.com, where on your computer you can find tons of attention boatloads of free resources you can use to help you can add your brand your business. Don't forget that you need to subscribe to have to re-create my channel. Thanks to our zeal for watching and decide to unsubscribe I'll see you had created segments in the next video. DOWNLOAD to see just How to Build a list of the Perfect Lead Magnet http://bit.ly/bbHowToBuild. Join me over at MY Biz & Branding FaceBook Group http://bit.ly/FBGroupBB.
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If you're spending some time in Sydney, the Blue Mountains is a day trip that you shouldn't miss. Getting out of the city to hike in the fresh mountain air and explore the Australian wilderness is a great experience. You can make this trip a simple sight seeing venture, or go all in and traverse a four hour hike up and down the mountains like we did. Everything you need to know about a day trip to the Blue Mountains can be found here.
You'll want to leave early from Sydney, as it takes about two hours to get there on the train. You should bring shoes, but intense hiking boots aren't necessary. The train leaves from Central Station and you can use your Opal Card to pay for it. It will only cost you $15 AUS (or your daily cap), whereas buying a regular ticket will cost you $16.60 AUS. Get off at Katoomba Station and you'll find yourself in a small town. At this point you can wait for a bus (which in the long run will be free as you're going to hit the cap on the Opal Card), or just walk south down the Katoomba Road for about 15 mins to Echo Point. We walked and poked our heads into the cute shops along the way.
No matter how you get there, you'll end up at the Blue Mountains Tour Center. Inside is a gift shop, and some restaurants and fast food places. We grabbed some falafel wraps to bring with us on our hike and headed down to Echo Point. From there you get a pretty good view of the rock formation that draws most of the crowds, the Three Sisters. There's also an Echo Point Information Center where you can get maps or buy souvenirs if you want. However MapsMe has the trails and you can also find them on Google Maps. We've included a screenshot of Google Maps below of our route. Make sure to bring lunch and snacks for your hike as the whole walk took us about 4 hours.
We started at Echo Point (labelled Three Sisters on the map, then headed around the back of the Echo Point Information Center where you'll find a sign pointing towards The Giant Stairway. It's a pretty steep and narrow stairway built into the rock, but as long as you take it slow you'll be fine. It took us about 30 mins including a snack break. The stairs take you right up underneath one of the Three Sister rock formations and provides some great views of the valley below, without all those annoying tourists getting in the way. Once we made it to the bottom we turned right and took the Federal Pass towards Scenic World and the Furber Steps. It takes about 1.5 hours to get to the other steps, but it's all flat and under dense forest cover resulting in a nice hike. We were surprised by a massive goanna lizard scrambling up a tree at one point, and also spotted some big yellow-tailed black cockatoo birds in the trees. You eventually end up beside a river, which is the end of Katoomba Falls that you'll see later.
Once we reached Scenic World, we had the option to take the railway up or to walk up the Furber Steps. The railway costs money so we decided to walk up and we didn't regret it. The draw of the railway is that it's the steepest of its kind in the world which is pretty cool, and it offers some great views. However, if you take the railway you miss being able to walk right up underneath Katoomba Falls. The climb isn't as steep as The Giant Stairway, and the views from the cliff halfway up Katoomba Falls are amazing. There will be a sign signalling a side path that leads to the falls, and you can just hop over the wooden fence to get onto the cliff (everyone does it). The Furber Steps offer great views of the Three Sisters from afar, in our opinion even better views than from Echo Viewpoint. The climb took about 45 mins, but we took another 45 mins taking pictures and enjoying the waterfall.
Once you're at the top of the steps, turn right and head along the Prince Henry Cliff Walk back towards the Three Sisters. The walk is flat again, and offers awesome views of the valley. It takes about 30 mins. We ended our trip back at Echo Point, grabbed some souvenirs and caught a bus back to the train station as we were a little tired of walking.
The whole hike took about 4 hours including stops, and was an awesome (and cheap) way to spend a day. Definitely go do this hike if you make a stop in Sydney!


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Committing to building a strong workplace culture is a long term investment. The time, energy and money invested in building a strong culture can take years to return. But when the returns do arrive, they can be absolutely worth the wait.
In 2006, the third year of The Physio Co's life, we experienced a gut-wrenching NDE (Near Death Experience). We lost a big client and overnight almost half of our revenue evaporated. It was one of the most horrifying and defining moments of my early career.
At that point, I had a choice, I could either: 1) Blame the client, run away & distract myself with finding new business; or 2) Take responsibility, learn from the failure & commit to regaining the trust of that client which would reinforce the humble, values-based culture that we were building.
I chose option 2. The Physio Co's core values guided me to 'communicate in clear, concise & honest ways'. So, when the dust settled on the situation, I made a time to speak to the COO of the lost client. I humbly asked what it would take to regain their trust and how we could become a trusted long term partner as their business grew. I listened closely and committed to, one day, regaining their business.
It took more than a few years, but, in 2011, we did pick up that client site again. We had regained their trust enough to be re-engaged as a supplier. We grabbed that opportunity and have worked closely ever since. Today, in 2012, The Physio Co continues to visit that particular client site and we now service 9 of their aged care homes. This year The Physio Co team will provide more than 100,000 physiotherapy visits to elderly residents. Close to 15,000 of those visits will be with this formerly lost client. That's a 300% increase in sales from said client! This is the long term returns than can result from building a strong culture.
A business with a strong workplace culture usually has an extraordinary focus on supporting it's team. This is true, but supporting staff is just one part of building culture. A strong culture applies to everything a business does. Of course it's how you treat staff, but, it's also how you treat your clients, suppliers, neighbours and everyone else in your extended community. By committing to creating a strong workplace culture you are committing to building long term relationships with people you trust. You are investing for the future. A strong culture is based upon doing the right thing, always.
Do you have a story of how creating a strong culture and committing to long term relationships has paid off months or years later? If so, please let me know in the comments below. I'd love to hear from you.


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Posted on 15 th April 2019 15 th April 2019 by — Leave a comment
Reflections on Brutalism Part 3 – J. G. Ballard and Ben Wheatley's High-Rise and All Mod Con Dystopias: Wanderings 16/52
Part 3 of a set of posts which explore various aspects and offshoots of Brutalist architecture. (Visit Part 1 here and Part 2 here.)
In Part 2 of these posts I discussed some of the potential problems and reasons for them that have been related to Brutalist architecture, particularly in relation to its use in housing design; connected to which I mentioned the work of writer J. G. Ballard.
His novel High-Rise (1975) is an iconic fictional account of extreme dysfunction that occurs in a modern tower block.
In the book there is a vertical division of class within a tower block, with inhabitants who live on floors 1-9 being members of the "proletariat" and those who generally work in the support and service aspects of work/the creative industries. Above them is a commercial level and then higher up the middle classes, with the top five floors being reserved for the upper class which consists of "a discreet oligarchy of minor tycoons and entrepreneurs, television actresses and career academics".
(As an aside the covers at the top of this post are left-right; the original edition of High Rise, an issue of Italian science fiction magazine Urania which featured High Rise and the 1985 British edition of the book; the artwork for this issue of Urania has alongside the use of Brutalist architecture forms, also the curious "the shape of the future's past" retro-futurism look to it which science fiction and fantasy cover art from previous decades now seems to often have. The above cover of the 1985 edition, which is shown next to those for The Unlimited Dream Company and Concrete Island, was part of a series of reissues of J. G. Ballard's book which shared cover art with similar aesthetics. Fittingly for the era I think they were probably created using airbrush art techniques and have a pleasing period look to them that could well be a flipside take on the posters which would have been found in the retail poster shop chain Athena, which had an extensive network of high street shops in the UK around that time.)
Returning to the story told in the novel; in it the eponymous high-rise becomes a self-enclosed community where the normal rules and restraints of society break down, leading to internecine territorial conflict and chaos, which could be considered not dissimilar to an urban take on William Golding's novel Lord of the Flies (1954) in which a group of schoolboys stranded on an island descend into violence and tribalism; both books explore the push and pull between human impulses towards civilisation and social organisation and more basic, primal instincts.
In the novel of High-Rise social class and divisions play an increasing part but it is possible to consider it not as a comment or reflection on wider society but rather a fictional flight of fancy.Ben Wheatley's 2014 film adaptation largely reflects this, although at the end of the film in a slightly tacked-on manner a speech by right-wing former British Prime Minister from the 1970s is heard. This connects the story more overtly to both the social unrest/conflict in 1970s British society at the time the novel was written (essentially between those who looked more towards a progressive state orientated welfare based society and a new more individualistic monetarist right) and also to the utopian impulses which lay behind some of Brutalist architecture:
"There is only one economic system in this world, and it is capitalism. Where there is state capitalism, there will never be political freedom." Margaret Thatcher speech, as featured in Ben Wheatley's High-Rise.
In their use of a central triangular design the above set of above film posters for High Rise explicitly references the poster design for Stanley Kubrick's 1971 film adaptation of Anthony Burgess' A Clockwork Orange, with both films and books sharing views of dystopian futures where pleasure-seeking tips over into a reprehensible and unfettered decadence and loss of conventional morality.
The above poster for High Rise on the left I think was released in the film's pre-production period and at a time when I first became aware of the film after seeing it posted along with Ben Wheatley's comments which went along the lines of "I can't believe this is happening" – I assume after being given the go ahead from the folks with the money.
The design of the tower block references the Brutalist architecture of the period when the novel was first published in 1975 and also appears to be a nod towards that period's left-of-centre exploratory science fiction cover art, which was also referred to earlier in the post.
To end this post on a note that is not all heavy cultural reference points etc, the other two posters are Lego toy construction brick recreations of the film's posters by somebody working as Lego Loki. Although there now appear to be on the internet Lego recreations of nearly everything under the sun, due to Lego's origin as a child's toy, I was still a little surprised to find ones which took as their source material something as experimentally transgressive as High-Rise.
The High-Rise novel at Wikipedia
The High-Rise novel
The High-Rise trailer
The High Rise home release
Lego Loki's Brick High-Rise
Elsewhere at A Year In The Country:
Reflections on Brutalism Part 1 – This Brutal World and a Study of The Shape of the Futures Past: Wanderings 14/52
Reflections on Brutalism Part 2 – This Brutal World, Industrial Inspirations for Blade Runner, Memories of the Space Age and the Future Takes a Tumble: Wanderings 15/52
Category: AYITC: Year 5
Previous post: The Quietened Cosmologists – Audio Visual Archive 15/52
Next post: All The Merry Year Round – Audio Visual Archive 16/52


Help us kickoff our first-ever Young Leadership Committee for our chapter at the BBQ Launch Party!
Young Leadership Committee (YLC) brings the passion and philanthropic power of young professionals together who want to make an impact on the type 1 diabetes (T1D) community and believe in JDRF's efforts to cure T1D.
The YLC will provide an outlet for 20 and 30-somethings who are interested in networking, advocating, fundraising and spreading awareness of JDRF's mission to treat, prevent and cure T1D.
To kickoff our YLC, we invite you join us on Saturday, September 23 at Harry Dunham Park in Basking Ridge for an afternoon of games, food and the opportunity to meet new people! RSVP to JDRFylcnjmetro@gmail.com!


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Smiths ramps up syringe production in preparation for COVID vaccine
As the race to develop a COVID-19 vaccine continues, one local manufacturer is already preparing for what comes next.
Smiths Medical, a Minneapolis-based medical supplies producer with a facility in Keene, announced last month that it is partnering with the federal government to produce hypodermic instruments that will be used to deliver a vaccine once one is approved. The project is expected to create at least 60 jobs at the Keene site over the next year and a half.
On Wednesday, U.S. Sen. Jeanne Shaheen, D-N.H., participated in a teleconference with Smiths Medical staff to discuss the progress on the project, which is already underway.
"As we think about what the long-term impact is of the coronavirus, and how do we get back to normal … the vaccine seems to be a critical piece of that," Shaheen said during the call. "And making sure that we can actually distribute the vaccine once we get it is really critical."
Smiths is working with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) and the Department of Defense's Joint Program Executive Office for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Defense to produce millions of syringe and needle units in Keene over the next 18 months, according to a July 15 news release from the company. The original order was for 78.6 million units, though the company has plans to produce an additional 73 million as part of the contract.
In addition, the government is contributing $20 million to a $38 million capital expansion project that will allow Smiths' Keene branch to boost production. The money will enable Smiths to install an automated machine that will increase output.
Smiths has already produced 5.6 million syringes under the federal deal and is gearing up to begin production on the remaining 73 million from the original order, Darren Hodkinson, regional operations manager, said during the teleconference. But thanks to the new machine, they'll be able to make even more units.
"We've placed the order for new molding equipment and new automated assembly equipment," Hodkinson said. "That will kick in around September next year, and that will give us access to another 73 million."
He said the increased production capabilities will allow Smiths to create 60 to 100 new jobs over the next 18 months. The Keene facility currently employs 358 people and runs three shifts seven days a week.
Hodkinson said that number includes about 70 temporary employees at the Keene site. He said the recruitment efforts for the additional employees to be hired are largely centered around Keene now but may expand into the tristate area.
The goal, with the additional efficiency afforded by the automated machine, is to transition to a 24-hour, five-day operation. Hodkinson said the facility is aiming to produce 150 million units annually.
Shaheen commended Smiths Medical for its work on preparing for vaccine distribution and said she's pleased the company has been able to move forward with the BARDA agreement.
"I think it's very impressive that New Hampshire is such a critical piece of this response to the pandemic," she said. "Hopefully we will see a very positive outcome soon."
By: Mia Summerson
Source: Keene Sentinel


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« IS THAT A KNITTING BAG?
2 PAN ONE AND STILL DOE WIN »
CONFESSIONS OF A FEMALE SEX ADDICT
I've had 150 men in 6 years. I did it almost every day.. with strangers, even orgies. I lost my friends and family and I've NEVER been in love
STUNNING Nicole Harrop is the kind of girl most men would love on their arm with her pretty face, big boobs and curvy figure.
But any fella who takes her out needs to have plenty of stamina and patience – because she is a SEX ADDICT.
Nicole is 24 but has slept with more than 150 men – and women – since losing her virginity when she was 17.
This gorgeous woman has…
BEDDED someone nearly every day – and suffered heroin-style withdrawal symptoms when she went two weeks without sex.
WORN OUT boyfriends with her rampant behaviour that included group sex.
HORRIFIED easy-going flatmates with her wanton attitude.
DESTROYED relationships with family and lovers who hoped for something permanent.
NEVER been in love because she's not with anyone long enough.
Nicole know her behaviour is abnormal and is now seeking help through a group called Sex Addicts Anonymous. She told The People: "Everyone laughs when I say I'm a sex addict but it has completely taken over my life.
"I wish I could have normal relationships but I can't. My boyfriends like the fact that I'm highly-sexed at first but then it just becomes too much for them.
"If I can't see them when I want sex then I'll go out and get it from the first man I can find. It's like a drug and I can't control it."
Amazingly, Nicole had a strict upbringing with her parents. While her friends went to bars and clubs and shagged boys, the teenage schoolgirl was busy with her head in a book, studying for her exams.
Then she met her first boyfriend called Paul when she was 16. She waited for six months before having sex – but after that first time she couldn't get enough.
Nicole, from Bristol, said: "My mum and dad didn't want me messing up my studies so they were quite strict.
"I was never allowed out to parties or out drinking. Going to the cinema was a treat and I'd be picked up and dropped off by my dad.
"One night me and Paul went to a film but sneaked out to a nearby field and drank a bottle of wine.
"I remember being nervous, like most girls are, but thinking it was quite nice. The next night I told my mum I was taking the dog for a walk and went to meet Paul in a park.
"I tied the dog to a tree, dragged Paul into the bushes and pounced on him. He was over the moon but this happened night after night and after a few months we split up.
"He felt that all I wanted from him was sex. He was right really." A year later, Nicole moved into a house with three other girls.
"I went wild," she said. "In the first week I brought home three different guys. My housemates were horrified. They'd known me since school and thought I was a bit of a swot.
"This carried on for a year. I'd go clubbing a couple of times a week and it'd be a different guy every time. Plus I'd have a few 'specials' for sex.
"My friends kept asking me what was wrong and why did I feel the need to sleep with so many men. They were worried about my reputation.
"I didn't care. I'd just tell them, 'You're only young once – stop being boring.' I practised safe sex and I wasn't sleeping with their boyfriends. I just saw it as fun."
Nicole's pals asked her to leave when she brought back a handsome stranger who stole one of her flatmate's purses. She said: "They all sat me down and said that they couldn't have me living with them because they didn't like the person I'd become and were scared of all the random men I was bringing home.
"I was furious. I just thought they were trying to spoil my fun. I packed my bags and found a new flat and that's when I went completely wild. I'd go and find guys in bars on my own, flirt with them and in no time they'd be in my bed."
Nicole didn't care whether they were attractive. She said: "By the time I was about 21, anyone would do."
Nicole was a care home assistant but decided to get a bar job so she could pull even more men.
"I was terrible," she said. "I'd offer to give boys a lift home and end up in bed with them.
"One night, I went in the bar drinking. I had a reputation and three of the guys invited me back to theirs for a drink. I had sex with all of them. We stayed up all night and the next day back at the bar as I served drinks they were laughing. I had to leave because all the other girls hated me and that's when I started to feel guilty about my behaviour."
But that didn't stop pretty Nicole who soon got another job in promotions.
She made friends with another promo girl called Sarah almost as wild as her. Nicole said: "She was sex-mad for men but one night we ended up in bed together. It was my first experience with a woman and it was fantastic.
"The thought of going with a girl had never crossed my mind before. I always liked the feeling of power I had over men.
"But being with a woman was just as stimulating. I had orgasm after orgasm."
Then Nicole started visiting sex clubs when back home. She carried on having one-night-stands, orgies and sleeping with guys between boyfriends until April this year when she had sex in an alley with a "frumpy" cousin's boyfriend at a family party.
That's when her horrified parents found out about her lifestyle. Nicole said: "My sister told me unless I sorted my life out she didn't want anything to do with me." She decided to seek help and has attended Sex Addicts Anonymous meetings since June.
Nicole said: "I've got to take things one step at a time. Up until I met my new boyfriend six weeks ago, I still saw a few guys but I tried to limit it to once a week.
"Before I joined SAA the longest I went without sex was two weeks. That was the longest two weeks of my life. I was frustrated and in deep despair."
Nicole admits she's never been in love. She said: "To be honest I've not been with a man long enough." Now she hopes one day she can have a normal relationship.
She added: "I know it's male fantasy to have a girlfriend who's a sex addict but in my experience they lose interest.
"And when I meet a man I want to settle down with, I'll have to tell him what I've been through and that's what I dread."
One Response to CONFESSIONS OF A FEMALE SEX ADDICT


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Der folgende Artikel beschreibt die Qualifikation für die Olympischen Winterspiele 2022 im Skilanglauf.

Qualifikationsnormen
Insgesamt stehen für die Wettbewerbe im Skilanglauf 296 Quotenplätze zur Verfügung, je 148 pro Geschlecht. Damit ein NOK einen Athleten entsenden kann muss dieser in einer Einzeldisziplin bei den Nordischen Skiweltmeisterschaften 2021 oder den Nordischen Junioren-Skiweltmeisterschaften 2021 gestartet sein und weniger als 300 FIS-Punkte haben.

Unabhängig von der Anzahl an qualifizierten Athleten stehen einem NOK maximal acht Quotenplätzen pro Geschlecht zu. Pro Wettkampf dürfen jedoch maximal vier Athleten bzw. eine Staffel an den Start gehen.

Grundlage für die Qualifikation einzelner NOKs sind die Ergebnisse einzelner Athleten, die sich in A- und B-Standard unterteilen.

A-Standard
Athleten, die den A-Standard erreichen (Athlet hat weniger als 100 FIS-Punkte) können in allen Rennen eingesetzt werden.

B-Standard
Athleten die den B-Standard erreichen (weniger als 300 Distanzpunkte bzw. Sprintpunkte) können nur jeweils in den Distanz- bzw. Sprintrennen eingesetzt werden.

Zusätzliche Regeln für die Staffel
In der Staffel sind zudem Athleten, die sich in der Nordischen Kombination oder im Biathlon qualifiziert haben, können auch im Staffelrennen eingesetzt werden. Sie müssen dabei den B-Standard erfüllen.

Verteilung der Quotenplätze
Zur Verteilung der Quotenplätze wird eine Nationenwertung verwendet, die die Ergebnisse jedes Geschlechts aus der Saison 2020/21 berücksichtigt. Dabei werden die Quotenplätze wie folgt verteilt:

 Nationen der Plätze 1 bis 5: 5 zusätzliche Quotenplätze
 Nationen der Plätze 6 bis 10: 3 zusätzliche Quotenplätze
 Nationen der Plätze 11 bis 20: 2 zusätzliche Quotenplätze
 Nationen der Plätze 21 bis 30: 1 zusätzlicher Quotenplatze

Restliche Quotenplätze
In jedem Geschlecht werden die restlichen Quotenplätze in vier Runden nach der Nationenwertung von der am bestplatzierten Nation abwärts verteilt. Nationen von 1 bis 5 erhalten in Runde eins einen zusätzliche Quotenplatz. Nationen von 1 bis 10 erhalten in Runde zwei einen zusätzlichen Quotenplatz. Nationen von 1 bis 20 erhalten in Runde drei einen Quotenplatz. Alle restlichen Quotenplätze werden in Runde vier verteilt.

Gastgebernation
Sollten sich die gastgebenden Chinesen nicht regulär qualifiziert haben oder sich weniger als vier Quotenplätze gesichert, stehen ihnen trotzdem pro Geschlecht vier Quotenplätze zu. Grundlage für die Qualifikation einzelner NOKs sind die Ergebnisse einzelner Athleten, die sich in A- und B-Standard unterteilen.

Übersicht

Weblinks
 Qualifikationssystem (PDF, englisch)

Skilanglauf
Qualifikation


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Die Echten Lemminge (Lemmus) sind eine Gattung aus der Tribus der Lemmini. Je nach Lehrmeinung zählen dazu drei bis fünf Arten:

 Berglemming, Lemmus lemmus, Skandinavien, Kolahalbinsel
 Sibirischer Lemming, Lemmus sibiricus, Sibirien
 Brauner Lemming, Lemmus trimucronatus, arktische Regionen Alaskas und Kanadas
 Pribilof-Lemming, Lemmus nigripes, Pribilof Islands
 Amurlemming, Lemmus amurensis, östl. Sibirien vom Amurbecken bis Kamtschatka

Oft werden der Braune Lemming und der Pribilof-Lemming als Unterarten dem Sibirischen Lemming zugeordnet.

Die Arten dieser Gattung bewohnen die arktischen Tundren. Sie sind für Wanderungen bekannt, die sie aufgrund des periodisch auftretenden Populationsdrucks unternehmen. Diese Wanderungen und die ebenfalls beobachteten heftigen Schwankungen in der Populationsdichte führten in Skandinavien zu einer Theorie des "Massenselbstmords". Obwohl sie nach heutigem Wissensstand unzutreffend ist, wird sie nach wie vor vertreten. Dazu hat auch die Disney-"Dokumentation" Weiße Wildnis beigetragen, die diese Theorie aufgegriffen und nachgestellt hat. Wahr ist lediglich, dass viele Tiere diese Wanderungen auf der Suche nach neuen Lebensräumen nicht überleben. Aufbauend auf diesem Mythos erschien 1991 das von DMA Design entwickelte Spiel Lemmings, welches vor allem in den 1990er Jahren sehr populär war.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Wühlmäuse


Doors open at 7:00 PM. Show starts at 8:00 PM. This is an All Ages Event. Scheduled Support: Kitty Cash DJ ST. Beauty Willow Smith For VIP table seating, please contact [email protected] Online sales will close at 7:00 PM on the day of the event. To purchase tickets on the day of the event after 7:00 PM, please visit the House of Blues Box Office at the venue located at 2200 North Lamar Street in Dallas. All sales are subject to availability at the time of purchase. Ticket prices are subject to increase the day of the show. Support acts are subject to change without notice.


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