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Anthropology Programs | Anthropology Courses
University Professor Emeritus
R.B. Lee, MA, Ph D, FRSC
F.D. Burton, MA, Ph D (UTSC)
J.J. Chew, MA, Ph D
G.W. Crawford, MA, Ph D, FRSC (UTM)
M. Danesi, MA, Ph D, FRSC (V)
M.R. Kleindienst, MA, Ph D (UTM)
H.V. Luong, MA, Ph D
J. Mavalwala, M Sc, Ph D
S.K. Pfeiffer, MA, Ph D
S.B. Philpott, MA, Ph D
B.A. Sigmon, MS, Ph D (UTM)
G.A. Smith, MA, Ph D (U)
Associate Professors Emeriti
G.S. Gillison, BA, Ph D (T)
M.A. Latta, MA, Ph D (UTSC)
M.D. Levin, MA, Ph D (N)
Professors and Chairs of the Department
T.M. Friesen, MA, Ph D, Graduate Chair
H. Wardlow, MA, Ph D, MPH, Chair, St. George Campus
University Professor
T. Li, MA, Ph D (U)
E.B. Banning, MA, Ph D (U)
D.R. Begun, MA, Ph D
J.P. Boddy, MA, Ph D, FRSC
M. Chazan, M Phil, Ph D (V)
G.G. Coupland, MA, Ph D
I. Kalmar, MA, Ph D (W, V)
M.J. Lambek, MA, Ph D, FRSC (UTSC)
S. Lehman, MA, PhD
B. McElhinny, MA, Ph D
A. Mittermaier, MA, Ph D
V. Napolitano, MA, Ph D
E. Parra, BS, Ph D (UTM)
L.A. Sawchuk, MA, Ph D (UTSC)
M. Schillaci, MA, PH D (UTSC)
D. Sellen, MA, Ph D
J. Sidnell, MA, Ph D (UTM)
M. Silcox, Ph D (UTSC)
J. Song, Ph D
J. S. Taylor, MA, PhD
S. Bamford, MA, Ph D (UTSC)
J. Barker, MA, Ph D
F. Cody, MA, Ph D (UTM, AI)
H. Cunningham, MA, Ph D (U)
G. Daswani, M Sc, Ph D (UTSC)
N. Dave, MA, Ph D
G. Dewar, MA, Ph D (UTSC)
T. Galloway, MA, Ph D (UTM)
S. M. Hillewaert, MA, Ph D (UTM)
K. Kilroy-Marac, Ph D (UTSC)
C. Krupa, MA, Ph D (UTSC)
H. Miller, MA, PhD (UTM)
A. Muehlebach, MA, Ph D (UTM)
A. Paz, Ph D (UTSC)
T.L. Rogers, MA, PhD (UTM)
T. Sanders, MA PH D (UTM)
S. Satsuka, MA, Ph D
D.G. Smith, MA, Ph D (UTM)
E. Swenson, MA, Ph D
J. Teichroeb, MA, Ph D (UTSC)
B. Viola, M Sc, Ph D
L. Xie, MA, Ph D (UTM)
A. Allen, MTS, PhD (DTS)
F. V. Bozcali, Ph D (UTM)
W. Butt, Ph D (UTSC)
M. Cameron, M Sc, Ph D
B. Dahl, MA, Ph D (UTSC)
C. Hartblay, MA, Ph D (UTSC)
L. Janz, MA, Ph D (UTSC)
S. Kassamali, MA, Ph D
M. Mant, M Sc, Ph D (UTM)
K. Maxwell, MA, Ph D
L. Mortensen, MA, Ph D (UTSC)
N. Novroski, M Sc, Ph D (UTM)
E. Sammons, Ph D
D. Samson, MA, Ph D (UTM)
L. Schroeder, Ph D (UTM)
Z. Wool, MA, Ph D (UTM)
D. Young, MA, Ph D (UTSC)
M. Cummings, MA, Ph D (UTSC)
O. Ozcan, Ph D
A. K. Patton, MA, Ph D
S. Yeung, Ph D
Anthropology examines the complexity and diversity of human experience, past and present, through evolutionary, archaeological, social, cultural, and linguistic perspectives. As such, Anthropology is a truly interdisciplinary venture that spans the natural sciences, social sciences, and humanities. This broad mandate has led to the division of the discipline into three broad areas of research: Archaeology; Evolutionary Anthropology; and the study of Society, Culture and Language.
Archaeologists study the material remains of the human past. Archaeological methods range widely, from the study of artifacts to the analysis of plant and animal remains, and Archaeological research covers a vast expanse of time from the earliest stone tools to the complex record let by modern industrial society. Archaeologists also grapple with a range of theoretical issues including material culture, culture change, identity, and ritual. Many archaeologists today also work in collaboration with local communities and engage with the questions of archaeological ethics.
Evolutionary Anthropology is the study of the biological diversity of humans, the history of this diversity, and the biological relationships between humans and non-human primates. Major foci in Evolutionary Anthropology include Human Biology, the study of modern humans; Osteology, the study of the human skeleton; Paleoanthropology, the study of human evolution; and Primatology, the study of non-human primates. Evolutionary anthropologists integrate biological and social variables in their explanations of the effects of evolution on humans and other primates.
At the core of the study of Society, Culture and Language is the question of how we humans organize our lives together, and why we do so in such vastly different ways. The orientation is global and contemporary. We explore social relations: relations between kin and neighbours, between genders and generations, between ethnic groups and nations, between rich and poor, between people and the natural environment that sustains them, and between people and their gods. We also explore the production and communication of meanings through rituals, images, memories, symbols and linguistic codes. Topics include environment, power, ideology, identity, subjectivity, media, sexuality, ethics, affect, activism, health, cities, work and international development.
A training in anthropology prepares students to think clearly and critically; to engage with a wide range of perspectives, experiences, and world views; and to reach ethically sound decisions. Programs available within the Department of Anthropology provide excellent preparation for careers in business, or public service and the non-profit sector, especially in areas where international and human diversity issues are important. Courses in anthropology provide a unique grounding and can be fruitfully combined with courses in a wide variety of other disciplines in the sciences, social sciences, and humanities. Undergraduate Program Administrator/Student Counsellor: Anthropology Building, 19 Ursula Franklin Street, Room 258 (416-978-6414).
Anthropology Programs
Anthropology Specialist (Society, Culture, and Language) (Arts Program) - ASSPE2112
Enrolment Requirements:
This is a limited enrolment program. Students must have completed 4.0 credits and meet the requirements listed below to enrol.
Completed courses (with minimum grades)
The following course with the stated minimum grade is required:
ANT207H1 (70%)
Completion Requirements:
(10.0 credits, including at least 2.0 credits at the 400-level)
First and/or Second Year:
1. ANT204H1 and ANT207H1
Upper Years:
3. 6.0 credits from Group C, or Subgroup C(i) or C(ii), including at least one 0.5 credit course from Subgroup C(i)
4. ANT475H1 and an additional 1.5 credits at the 400-level
Note: ANT courses are those offered with the following prefixes: ANT, ARH, HAJ, INS, JAL, JAH, JAR and JGA.
Group C: Society, Culture, and Language
ANT204H1, ANT205H1, ANT207H1, ANT208H1, ANT210H1, ANT299Y1, ANT322H1, ANT324H1, ANT342H1, ANT343H1, ANT344H1, ANT345H1, ANT346H1, ANT347H1, ANT348H1, ANT356H1, ANT357H1, ANT358H1, ANT362H1, ANT364H1, ANT366H1, ANT368H1, ANT370H1, ANT372H1, ANT374H1, ANT376H1, ANT378H1, ANT380H1, ANT384H1, ANT386H1, ANT390H1, ANT426H1, ANT435H1, ANT441H1, ANT450H1, ANT456H1, ANT457H1, ANT459H1, ANT460H1, ANT462H1, ANT464H1, ANT473H1, ANT474H1, ANT475H1, ANT476H1, ANT480H1, ANT484H1, ANT485H1, ANT486H1, ANT490Y1, ANT491Y1, ANT491H1, ANT497Y1, ANT498H1, ANT499H1, JAH391Y0, JAH391H1, JAR301H1, JNH350H1, AFR250Y1, NMC356H1, MCS225Y1
Note: ANT390H1 may be placed in a different Course Group depending on the topic, which will vary from year to year.
Subgroup C (i): (Society, Culture and Language-Area)
ANT327H1, ANT340H1, ANT341H1, ANT455H1, ANT458H1, ANT472H1, ANT477H1, CAR316H1, NMC241H1
Subgroup C (ii): (Society, Culture and Language – Linguistic)
ANT253H1, ANT329H1, ANT425H1, ANT483H1, ANT497Y1, ANT498H1, ANT499H1, JAL328H1, JAL355H1, JAL401H1, SLA380H1
Note: Effective Fall 2021, courses associated with New College's African Studies and Caribbean Studies programs will have the new "AFR" and "CAR" designators respectively. In addition, courses associated with Victoria College's Material Culture and Semiotics program will have the new "MCS" designator.
Focus in Medical Anthropology (Specialist: Society, Culture and Language) - ASFOC2112B
This focus enables students in the Anthropology Specialist (Society, Culture, and Language) ASSPE2112, to identify courses pertaining to Medical Anthropology (Health) and receive formal acknowledgement for completing a suite of health-related anthropology courses.
Enrolment in the Anthropology Specialist (Society, Culture, and Language) is required.
3.5 credits (total)
1. ANT205H1
2. 3.0 credits from: ANT208H1, ANT345H1, ANT348H1, ANT357H1, ANT358H1, ANT435H1, ANT458H1, ANT460H1, ANT474H1, ANT476H1, JAR301H1
Health related Special Topics courses may be chosen when offered at the third or fourth year levels.
Anthropology Major (Society, Culture, and Language) (Arts Program) - ASMAJ2112
The following courses with the stated minimum grades are required:
ANT100Y1 (65%) or ANT207H1 (65%)
(6.5 credits including at least 2.0 credits at the 300+ level and at least 1.0 credit at the 400-level)
2. ANT204H1 or ANT205H1 or ANT210H1 or ANT253H1
3. ANT370H1 or ANT425H1
4. 5.0 additional credits from Group C, or Subgroup C(i) or C(ii), including at least 1.0 credit at the 400-level. Students who want to focus more specifically on the role of language in culture and society should take ANT253H1, ANT425H1, and courses in Subgroup C (ii).
Subgroup C (i): (Society, Culture and Language - Area)
Focus in Medical Anthropology (Major: Society, Culture and Language) - ASFOC2112A
This focus enables students in the Anthropology Major (Society, Culture and Language) ASMAJ2112 to identify courses pertaining to Medical Anthropology from a sociocultural perspective and receive formal acknowledgement for completing a suite of health-related anthropology courses.
Enrolment in the Anthropology Major (Society, Culture, and Language) is required.
Anthropology Major (General) (Arts Program) - ASMAJ1775
ANT100Y1 (65%) or ANT200Y1 (65%) or ANT203Y1 (65%) or ANT204H1 (65%) or ANT207H1 (65%)
(6.5 credits)
1. ANT100Y1
3. 1.0 credit from ANT200Y1, ANT203Y1
4. 0.5 credit from ANT204H1, ANT205H1, ANT208H1, ANT210H1, ANT253H1
5. 2.5 credits at the 300+ level from either Group A, B or C, or Subgroups C(i) or C(ii), including at least one 0.5 credit at the 400-level.
6. 1.0 additional credit from a Group other than that used to meet requirement #5
Group A: Archaeology
ANT200Y1, ANT210H1, ANT299Y1, ANT311Y1, ANT314H1, ANT315H1, ANT317H1, ANT318H1, ANT319Y1, ANT320H1, ANT372H1, ANT390H1, ANT406H1, ANT407H1, ANT409H1, ANT410H1, ANT411H1, ANT412H1, ANT416H1, ANT419H1, ANT420H1, ANT437H1, ANT491Y1, ANT491H1, ANT497Y1, ANT498H1, ANT499H1, ARH205H1/ ARH305H1, ARH306Y1, ARH309H1, ARH312Y1, ARH360H1, ARH361H1, ARH361Y1, ARH440H1, ARH482H1, ARH494H1, ARH495H1, MCS225Y1
Note: ANT390H1 may be placed in either Group A or B or C depending on the topic which will vary from year to year
Group B: Evolutionary
ANT203Y1, ANT208H1, ANT210H1, ANT299Y1, ANT330Y1, ANT333Y1, ANT334H1, ANT335Y1, ANT336H1, ANT337H1, ANT338H1, ANT390H1, ANT419H1, ANT430H1, ANT431H1, ANT434H1, ANT435H1, ANT436H1, ANT437H1, ANT438H1, ANT481H1, ANT491Y1, ANT491H1, ANT497Y1, ANT498H1, ANT499H1, HAJ453H1
Note: ANT390H1 may be placed in either Group A or B or C depending on the topic which will vary from year to year.
Focus in Medical Anthropology (Major: General) - ASFOC1775A
This focus enables students in the Anthropology Major (General) ASMAJ1775 to identify courses pertaining to Medical Anthropology across the discipline's social science and science fields and receive formal acknowledgement for completing a suite of health-related anthropology courses.
Enrolment in the Anthropology Major (General) is required.
1. 0.5 credit from ANT205H1 or ANT208H1
2. 2.0 credit from: ANT345H1, ANT348H1, ANT357H1, ANT358H1, ANT435H1, ANT458H1, ANT460H1, ANT474H1, ANT476H1, JAR301H1.
Anthropology Major (Evolutionary) (Science Program) - ASMAJ1510
ANT100Y1 (65%) or ANT203Y1 (65%)
(6.5 credits, including at least 2.0 credits at the 300+ level, 0.5 credit of which must be at the 400-level)
First Year and/or Second Year:
1. BIO120H1
2. ANT100Y1 or BIO220H1. If BIO220H1 is taken, students must take an additional 0.5 credit in ANT
4. 2.0 credits from ANT208H1, ANT333Y1, ANT334H1, ANT335Y1, ANT336H1
5. 1.5 additional credits from: Group B and/or ANT406H1, ANT415Y1, ARH312Y1
6. 0.5 credit at the 400-level from Group B
Note: ANT390H1 may not be available in Course Group B, depending on the topic, which will vary from year to year.
Anthropology Minor (General) (Arts Program) - ASMIN1775
(4.0 credits including at least 1.0 credit at the 300-level; excluding ANT497Y1/ ANT498H1/ ANT499H1)
2. 2.0 credits from ANT200Y1, ANT203Y1, ANT204H1, ANT205H1, ANT207H1, ANT208H1, ANT210H1, ANT253H1
3. 1.0 credit at the 300+ level from either Group A, B, or C, or Subgroup C(i) or C(ii)
Environmental Anthropology Minor (Arts Program) - ASMIN1291
A program focused on understanding the diverse nature of interactions between humans and their environments, both in the past and in modern global society. Consult the Undergraduate Office, Department of Anthropology (416-978-6414).
This is an open enrolment program. A student who has completed 4.0 credits may enrol in the program.
(4.0 credits, including 1.0 credit at the 300+ level)
1. ANT100Y1/( ENV221H1 and ENV222H1/ GGR223H1)/ ENV222Y1
2. ANT200Y1/ ( ANT204H1 and ANT207H1/0.5 credit 300-level Social Anthropology course from Anthropology Group C, or Subgroup C(i), C(ii))
3. 2.0 credits from: ANT315H1, ANT336H1, ANT346H1, ANT364H1, ANT366H1, ANT368H1, ANT374H1, ANT376H1, ANT409H1, ANT410H1, ANT415Y1, ANT420H1, ANT430H1, ANT450H1, INS250H1, INS402H1
Medical Anthropology Minor (Arts Program) - ASMIN1778
Medical Anthropology is a subfield within Anthropology that draws on both socio-cultural and evolutionary anthropology to examine health inequalities, disease vulnerability, illness discourses and meanings, and therapeutic systems around the world. Training in medical anthropology is excellent preparation for graduate or professional education in public health, medicine, nursing, and other allied health careers.
(4.0 credits, including 1.0 or 1.5 credits at the 300+ level)
3. 0.5 credit from: ANT204H1, ANT207H1, ANT203Y1
(Students who want to focus on evolutionary/biological approaches to medical anthropology should take ANT203Y1).
4. Up to 1.5 credits from the following courses, up to a total of 4.0 credits to complete the minor program. Students who complete ANT203Y1 need to take 1.0 credit, and students who take ANT204H1 or ANT207H1 need to take 1.5 credits, from the following: ANT334H1, ANT337H1, ANT338H1, ANT345H1, ANT348H1, ANT357H1, ANT358H1, JAR301H1, ANT434H1, ANT435H1, ANT458H1, ANT460H1, ANT474H1, ANT476H1.
Health-related Special Topics courses at the 300 or 400 level, and health-related Independent Research courses at the 400-level, will count towards program requirements
Anthropology Courses
Breadth Requirements - Any -Creative and Cultural Representations (1)Thought, Belief and Behaviour (2)Society and its Institutions (3)Living Things and Their Environment (4)The Physical and Mathematical Universes (5)
ANT100Y1 - Introduction to Anthropology
Hours: 48L/12T
Society and culture from various anthropological perspectives: socio-cultural, evolutionary, archaeological, and linguistic.
Distribution Requirements: Social Science
Breadth Requirements: Living Things and Their Environment (4), Society and its Institutions (3)
Mode of Delivery: In Class
ANT192H1 - Murder and Other Deathly Crimes: Anthropological Perspectives
Hours: 24S
Anthropology has much to say about death. There is foundational literature on sacrifice, suicide, and the rites surrounding the end of life. Anthropology also has a lot to say about violence: war, conflict, revolution. But at the nexus of death and violence lies murder, a culturally and socially salient phenomenon that garners less scholarly attention. This seminar will explore what constitutes murder in different cultural and historical contexts, by reading across anthropology, cultural studies, and film studies. Restricted to first-year students. Not eligible for CR/NCR option.
Breadth Requirements: Creative and Cultural Representations (1)
ANT193H1 - Making, Using, and Interpreting Stone Tools
Hours: 6L/8P/10S
Stone tools are the earliest and longest-lasting record of human technology. This course explores interpreting stone tools from a multidisciplinary perspective. In making, using, and studying stone tools, students will learn how archaeologists form hypotheses and design experiments to understand humans and their technologies in the past. This course presents research that investigate changes in human ancestors' cognition and livelihoods through the contributions of other disciplines in life and social sciences to the study of stone tools. The course introduces major stone tool discoveries and critically engages with current research through the development of new ideas for research projects. Restricted to first-year students. Not eligible for CR/NCR option.
Breadth Requirements: Thought, Belief and Behaviour (2)
ANT194H1 - Human-nonhuman relations through Manga & Anime
Anthropology has examined various ways human beings imagine and engage with non-human beings in their everyday lives in particular social and cultural contexts. By using manga and anime, specific popular cultural expressive modes developed in Japan, this course examines social and cultural aspects of human relationship with other beings, including but not restricted to animals, plants, microbes, technological objects and spirits from anthropological perspectives. Restricted to first-year students. Not eligible for CR/NCR option.
ANT195H1 - Speculative Fiction and Social Reality
How do the imagined worlds of speculative fiction reflect, and reflect upon, the real worlds of their authors and audiences? And on the other hand, how can works of speculative fiction have real-world impacts? Is speculative fiction different, in either of these respects, than other genres of narrative? This course explores a variety of works of speculative fiction from the perspective of an anthropological interest in ideas, imaginations, and narratives in relation to social life. Restricted to first-year students. Not eligible for CR/NCR option.
ANT197H1 - Representations of Intellectuals
This course is a First-Year Foundation Seminar and provides an opportunity for exploration of different topics and themes. The course explores ideas of intellectuals who carved transformative theories during war times or under repressive regimes in the twentieth century. Intellectuals featured in the course include Rosa Luxemburg, Frantz Fanon, Walter Benjamin, Lu Xin, Audre Lorde. Further, it would examine cultural representations of them, such as, graphic novels, fictions, essays, films and videos on them or relatable to their ideas. For example, it would assign reading of Red Rosa, a graphic novel of Luxemburg together with her own work Theory of Imperialism. Or it would juxtapose Lorde's classic, Sister Outsider, with Octavia Butler's science fiction, Parable of the Sower. First-Year Foundation Seminars are restricted to first-year students and do not normally contribute towards program completion. Not eligible for CR/NCR option.
Breadth Requirements: Society and its Institutions (3)
ANT198H1 - Nature: A Cultural Introduction
This course is a First-Year Foundation Seminar and provides an opportunity for exploration of different topics and themes. The distinction (or dualism) between nature and culture is often described as a central feature of the western cultural imagination and of "modernity." The nature/culture dualism is also relevant to many current debates about ecology and environment. This course explores various approaches to "nature" through a variety of written and visual texts, and focuses on representations of the nature/culture dualism. First-Year Foundation Seminars are restricted to first-year students and do not normally contribute towards program completion. Not eligible for CR/NCR option.
ANT199H1 - Living on the Water in Toronto
What do the Great Lakes mean to people living here? Especially Indigenous people? When and how do people care about the Great Lakes? Poems, stories, social science offer perspectives on the water from anthropology and arts. Field trips including paddling on a river, hiking; talks with local activists and artists. Restricted to first-year students. Not eligible for CR/NCR option.
ANT200Y1 - Introduction to Archaeology
How did art and technology develop in the course of human evolution? What led to the development of agriculture and settled village life? How did social inequality and urbanism emerge? This course takes a global perspective to explore the archaeological evidence that sheds light on these questions and other aspects of prehistory and early history. Students will engage with the challenges posed by new discoveries and also with recent developments in archaeological method and theory. The goal of the course is to involve students with the current state of archaeological research and some of the major issues archaeologists work to address.
Recommended Preparation: ANT100Y1
ANT203Y1 - The Nature of Humans
Hours: 48L/24P
This course examines where humans fit in the fabric of the natural world. It explores the history of ideas about humans in nature, humans as primates, the story of human evolution and modern human physical and genetic diversity.
Recommended Preparation: ANT100Y1/ BIO120H1, BIO220H1
Distribution Requirements: Science
Breadth Requirements: Living Things and Their Environment (4)
ANT204H1 - Social Cultural Anthropology and Global Issues
Previous Course Number: ANT204Y1
A course focused on recent anthropological scholarship that seeks to understand and explain the transformation of contemporary societies and cultures. Topics may include some of the following: new patterns of global inequality, war and neo-colonialism, health and globalization, social justice and indigeneity, religious fundamentalism, gender inequalities, biotechnologies and society etc.
Exclusion: ANT204Y1
ANT205H1 - Medical Anthropology: Sociocultural Perspectives on Illness, Medicine and Care
Introduction to medical anthropology with a focus on questions, methods, and insights from sociocultural anthropology. Explores the relationships among culture, society, and medicine with special attention to power, inequality, and globalization. Examples from many parts of the world, addressing biomedicine as well as other healing systems.
Recommended Preparation: ANT100Y1, ANT207H1
ARH205H1 - Archaeological Inference
Previous Course Number: ARH305H1
Hours: 12L/6P/6S
This course explores ways that archaeologists investigate research questions and interpret archaeological evidence. It introduces some of the main conceptual tools that archaeologists use to make inferences, including analogy, ethnoarchaeology, and experimental archaeology. It also uses practical exercises to help students understand the basic logic of some of the methods that archaeologists use in their research, such as dating methods and identification of spatial patterns. This prepares students for more advanced courses in archaeology.
Corequisite: ANT200Y1
Exclusion: ARH305H1
ANT207H1 - Core Concepts in Social and Cultural Anthropology
Society, culture, kinship, exchange, community, identity, politics, belief: these and other core concepts are explored in this course, which lays the foundation for advanced courses in social and cultural anthropology.
ANT208H1 - Medical Anthropology: an Evolutionary Perspective on Human Health
Introduction to applied evolutionary medical anthropology. It explores evidence for the evolution of human vulnerability to disease across the life cycle (conception to death) and implications for health of contemporary populations in behavioral ecological, cross-cultural, health and healing systems, historical trauma, intersectionality, and climate change, lenses.
Recommended Preparation: ANT100Y1/ BIO120H1
Distribution Requirements: Science, Social Science
ANT210H1 - Anthropologists and Indigenous Peoples in North America
Previous Course Number: ANT388H1
This course provides a rigorous introduction to historical and contemporary relations between Indigenous peoples and anthropologists, spanning archaeology, biological/ evolutionary anthropology, and socio-cultural & linguistic fields. The course centers Indigenous experience, critique, and scholarship, and fosters students' critical thinking skills as applied to the ethics and politics of anthropological research, past and present. The course is organised into three modules:
1. Introduction to Indigenous peoples' critiques and concerns regarding anthropology
2. Understanding historical context of these issues
3. In-depth discussion of current issues, oriented to emergent and possible future transformations in anthropology's relations with Indigenous peoples.
Exclusion: ANT388H1
ANT253H1 - Language & Society
Hours: 24L
This course introduces linguistic analysis with a view towards its application to the study of the relation between culture and social structure. The interplay of pronunciation, grammar, semantics, and discourse with rituals, ideologies, and constructions of social meaning and worldview are discussed in tandem with the traditional branches of linguistic analysisphonology, morphology, grammar, syntax, and semantics. The objective of the course is to provide a broad framework for understanding the role of language in society.
Exclusion: JAL253H1
ANT299Y1 - Research Opportunity Program
Credit course for supervised participation in faculty research project. Details at https://www.artsci.utoronto.ca/current/academics/research-opportunities/research-opportunities-program. Not eligible for CR/NCR option.
JAR301H1 - Plagues and Peoples: From Divine Intervention to Public Health
Infectious diseases have afflicted human societies throughout the history of our species. How are diseases shaped by the societies in which they spread, and how do they change culture and politics in turn? This course introduces perspectives from medical anthropology and religious studies to analyze the intersection of cultural, religious and scientific narratives when people confront plagues. We focus on historical and contemporary examples, such as the Spanish flu and COVID-19, giving students the tools to understand how cultural institutions, religious worldviews, and public health epidemiology shape living and dying during a pandemic.
Prerequisite: At least 4.0 credits
Mode of Delivery: Online
ARH306Y1 - Archaeological Field Methods
Intensive instruction in archaeological field methods and acquisition of field skills, including archaeological search and survey, site mapping, laying out excavation grids, use of theodolites, total station, and GPS, stratigraphic excavation, stratigraphy, field recording, screening sediment, Ontario license and reporting requirements. Normally this course would take place on campus in the summer. This course has a mandatory Lab Materials Fee of $25 to cover non-reusable materials. The fee will be included on the student's ACORN invoice. The details and application form are posted on the following website: https://www.anthropology.utoronto.ca/undergraduate/curriculum-course-information/field-schools-and-research-opportunities. The application form should be submitted at least one week prior to the beginning of classes.
Prerequisite: ANT200Y1 or ( NMC260H1 and NMC262H1) or NMC261Y0
ARH309H1 - Archaeology, Ethics, and the Public
An analysis of ethics in contemporary archaeology that covers reburial and repatriation, interpretation of the archaeological record in the context of historically oppressed groups, ethnic minorities, and non-western societies, the ethics of collecting and managing cultural property, relationships with the media, the debates surrounding looting, and other issues.
Prerequisite: ANT200Y1
ANT311Y0 - Archaeological Fieldwork
Practical field training through six weeks of excavation on an archaeological site. Basic principles of artifact handling and classification. (Offered only in Summer Session) Not eligible for CR/NCR option.
ARH312Y1 - Archaeological Laboratory
Techniques for making archaeological data meaningful after excavation or survey. Archaeological measurements, compilation of data, database design, archaeological systematics, and sampling theory in the context of lithics, pottery, floral, faunal and other archaeological remains.
Prerequisite: ANT200Y1, ARH205H1/ ARH305H1, and one of EEB225H1/ GGR270H1*/ STA220H1/ STA221H1/ STA257H1/ STA261H1/ ANTC35H3**. Note: *Geography Pre- or co-requisites waived for Anthropology and Archaeology students; ** to be taken at the Scarborough Campus
Breadth Requirements: The Physical and Mathematical Universes (5)
ANT314H1 - Archaeology of the Pacific Northwest
An archaeological survey of the human prehistory of northwestern North America from the late Pleistocene to the time of early European contact. Geographical coverage will include the Northwest Coast, California, and the Intermontane Plateau.
ANT315H1 - Arctic Archaeology
Archaeology and ethnohistory of Arctic cultures. Emphasis is on variation in social organization, settlement pattern, economy, ideology, and interaction with the expanding European world-system.
ANT317H1 - Archaeology of Eastern North America
This course examines the precontact and early contact period culture history of eastern North America, including Ontario, through archaeological evidence. Topics covered include the earliest peopling of the region at the end of the Ice Age, diversity of hunter-gatherer societies, introduction of agriculture, and the development of the dynamic First Nations societies who eventually met and interacted with Europeans.
ANT318H1 - The Preindustrial City and Urban Social Theory
This course offers a comparative examination of the rise and organization of ancient cities through a detailed investigation of urban social theory. We will explore competing anthropological interpretations of urban process while probing the political, ideological, and economic structures of the worlds earliest cities. Students will have the opportunity to consider a broad range of subjects, including mechanisms of city genesis; urban-rural relations; the intersections of city and state; and historical variation in urban landscapes, ideologies, and political economies.
ANT319Y1 - Archaeology of North America
This course examines human prehistory in North America, North of Mexico, from the time of earliest occupation to European contact. Special topics include Paleoindian and Archaic adaptations, the rise of complex hunter-gatherers, origins of farming and the evolution of complex chiefdoms.
ANT320H1 - Ancient Cultures of the Andes
This class offers intensive study of the archaeology and culture history of the Andean region prior to the Spanish conquest. The complexity and distinctiveness of Andean social organization, political institutions, religious ideologies, and economic practices have long fascinated anthropologists. Ultimately, the course will explore Andean cultures over a 10,000 year period, highlighting key debates, current research projects, and innovative theoretical approaches shaping contemporary archeological scholarship in South America and beyond.
Prerequisite: ANT100Y1 or ANT200Y1
ANT322H1 - Anthropology of Youth Culture
This course will present various perspectives on the nature and dynamics of youth culture. It will discuss the research accumulated over the past quarter century on youth lifestyles, from fashion and music to the formation and spread of slang. It will also look at the various critical and controversial aspects of adolescence in contemporary culture.
Prerequisite: ANT204H1 or ANT207H1
ANT324H1 - Tourism & Globalization
The course uses tourism as a lens to examine global connections. Particular focus will be on the politics of cultural encounters. Drawing examples from diverse ethnographic materials, the course explores how different visions of the world come into contact, negotiated and transformed, and how tourist encounters shape peoples everyday lives.
ANT327H1 - "Diversity": Critical/Comparative Studies of Indigeneity, Multiculturalism and (Settler) Colonialism
How do societies understand and manage their own diversity? This course unites critical studies of multiculturalism and settler colonialism to study Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and the U.S., also examining strategies in other sites for managing diversity which are framed differently (e.g. superdiversity (Europe), co-existence (Japan), multiracialism (Hawai'i), mestizoness (Mexico)).
JAL328H1 - Writing Systems
Introduction to writing systems; their historical development, their relationship to language, and their role in culture and society. (Given by the Departments of Anthropology and Linguistics) (Not offered every year)
Prerequisite: ANT100Y1/ LIN101H1/ LIN200H1
ANT329H1 - Language & Power Structure
Hours: 24L/4T
The role of language and symbolism in the representation and manipulation of ideology and power structure. Case materials drawn from the study of verbal arts, gender, law, advertising, and politics with a focus on North America.
Prerequisite: ANT204H1 or ANT207H1 or ANT253H1 or MCS223H1 or 0.5 credit at the 200+ level in SOC or POL or LIN or Women's Studies
ANT330Y1 - Paleoanthropology Field School
This course provides background in the practical and theoretical aspects of fieldwork in Paleoanthropology. Students are trained in the treatment and analysis of fossil vertebrates, plant macro- and micro-fossils and sediments. Excursions to paleoanthropological localities of Homo erectus and Homo sapiens, and excavation at a hominoid site. (Joint undergraduate-graduate) Not eligible for CR/NCR option. Additional fees of up to $2500 for field trip costs will apply. The details and the application form are posted on the following website: https://www.anthropology.utoronto.ca/undergraduate/curriculum-course-information/field-schools-and-research-opportunities. The application form should be submitted by the deadlines indicated on the website.
ANT333Y1 - Living Primate Adaptations
A survey of living primates, this lab-oriented course describes and compares the diverse behavioural and anatomical adaptations that are characteristic to this order of mammals. The understanding of the biological diversity and evolutionary history of primates is important for further understanding of human adaptation and evolution.
Recommended Preparation: ANT334H1; BIO120H1, BIO220H1
ANT334H1 - Human Skeletal Biology
Exploration of the development and maintenance of the human skeleton and dentition, with emphasis on application to archaeological, forensic and biomedical sciences.
ANT335Y1 - Human Evolution
This course takes the student on a survey of human evolution from our ape ancestors to modern humans. Students will learn to identify skulls, teeth and limb bones, explore hundreds of casts, and learn how researchers understand human origins and trends in the development of human anatomy and behavior.
Exclusion: ANT332H5, ANT333H5, ANT434H5, ANTC17H3
ANT336H1 - Evolutionary Anthropology Theory
This course will explore the foundational and leading concepts in evolutionary anthropology. Historically important readings and current concepts will be presented and discussed in the context of research, especially in areas of human population biology, ecology and the evolution of Homo sapiens. Topics will include behavioral ecology and life history theory, as well as a critique of the adaptationist program.
ANT337H1 - Human Movement
This course will investigate human movement and physical activity patterns through the lens of evolutionary anthropology. The evolution of hominin physical behaviours, such as bipedalism and tool use, will be explored alongside the morphological traits associated with these behaviours. We will also examine social and cultural factors that may moderate physical activities among diverse human groups, including subsistence strategy variation and contemporary views on activity and exercise.
ANT338H1 - Molecular Anthropology and Human Evolution
Molecular anthropology is an interdisciplinary field combining biology, genetics, evolution and anthropology. In this class, we will explore the use of DNA for the study of past migrations and admixture patterns, the evolution of pathogens, plant and animal domestication and especially the relationships between recent and archaic humans.
ANT340H1 - Anthropology of Latin America
Provides a framework for understanding current anthropological issues in the different geo-political regions of Latin America. Special attention will be paid to historical/conceptual development of the discipline in the region, and the course will introduce a debate about the death and resurgence of area studies.
Prerequisite: ANT207H1
ANT341H1 - China in Transition
This course offers a general introduction to transformations in modern and contemporary China from an anthropological perspective. This course covers major aspects of Chinese culture, history, and society in a global context.
ANT342H1 - Anthropology of Race and Racism
This course will examine the role of anthropology in the development, maintenance, as well as critique, of race as a concept and racism as a social, cultural, and structural reality. Topics include: the relationships among anthropology, race, and colonialism; the constructions of race as a social, cultural, and biological concept; ethnographic engagements with whiteness and white supremacy; and the future of anthropology as an anti-racist and anti-colonialist enterprise.
Recommended Preparation: ANT204H1
ANT343H1 - Social Anthropology of Gender
Gender concerns the ways that groups define and experience what it is to be male, female, or a gender identity in-between or outside of that binary, and in all societies the boundaries of gender categories are both policed and resisted. In this course we examine how gender is made materially, discursively, and through intersections with other structures of inequality (e.g. race, sexuality, class, etc.).
ANT344H1 - Political Anthropology
This course explores the conceptual and methodological tools anthropologists employ to study the ways social groups enact, resist, and transform social relations that involve the production and distribution of power. It studies how anthropologists theorize politics in relation to power, authority, coercion, and consent. Topics explored in this class include political cultures in state and statelessness societies, political affect and the politics of everyday life, hegemony and resistance, governmentality and bio-politics, violence and militarization, social movements and citizenship, and the difficulties of anthropological research in conflict zones.
ANT345H1 - Global Health: Anthropological Perspectives
This course examines medical anthropology's contributions to, and critiques of, global health policies and programs. Topics covered include: colonialism and health, the political ecology of disease, indigenous constructions of illness and healing, medical pluralism, the politics of primary health care, population policies, reproductive health, and AIDS.
Prerequisite: ANT205H1 or ANT207H1 or permission of the instructor
ANT346H1 - Anthropology of Food
Social anthropological perspective on the nature and meaning of food production, culinary cultures, industrial food, food as metaphor, and famine and hunger.
ANT347H1 - Metropolis: Global Cities
The role of culture, cultural diversity, space and performance in urban institutions and settings. The cultural context and consequence of urbanization.
ANT348H1 - Medical Anthropology: Health, Power and Politics
This course deepens students' understandings of health and illness as social, cultural, political and historical phenomena. Drawing on theories and approaches from social-cultural anthropology, students will develop skills in critical analysis of experiences and meanings of healing and illness in particular contexts, with a focus on anthropological critique of dominant health policies, discourses, technologies and practices.
Prerequisite: ANT204H1 or ANT205H1 or ANT207H1 or permission of the instructor. (Note: ANT208H1 is not accepted preparation for this course.)
JAL355H1 - Language and Gender
An introduction to some of the principal questions of feminist theory, as viewed from sociolinguistics. Topics include: socialization into gendered discourse patterns, cultural and ethnic differences in gendered interactions; the role of language and gender in legal, medical and labour settings; multilingualism, migration, imperialism and nationalism; sexuality, desire and queer linguistics, language, gender and globalization.
Prerequisite: 1.0 credit at the 200-level in LIN/ANT/JAL/SOC/WGS
Recommended Preparation: ANT204H1/ ANT253H1/ SOC200H1/ SOC214H1
ANT356H1 - Anthropology of Religion
This course introduces selective anthropological and ethnographic rendering of religion and theology; matter, magic and the miraculous; religion and media. It also engages with some political understandings of religious affects; the religious in movement; mystics and relics; religious practices and their entanglements in colonial histories.
ANT357H1 - Social Worlds of Medicine and Care
Presents anthropological perspectives on provision of healthcare as a complex social and cultural phenomenon. Examines hierarchies and division of labour among health care providers, and how social groups come to occupy particular positions. Considers how knowledge and skills are gained through formal training and/or lived experience, how they are recognized and valued, and may become sources of identity. Examines local variations within biomedicine as practiced in different settings around the world.
ANT358H1 - Medical Anthropology and Social Justice
It is widely acknowledged that sharp disparities in disease burden and access to medical care characterize global patterns in health. These disparities affect the life chances of much of the worlds population, based on class position, gender, and geographical region.
Prerequisite: ANT204H1 or ANT205H1 or ANT207H1
ARH360H1 - Prehistory of the Near East
From earliest times through the rise of complex hunter-gatherers, and the food producing revolution to politically complex societies in Southwest Asia.
Prerequisite: ANT200Y1/( NMC260H1, NMC262H1)
ARH361H1 - Field Archaeology
Opportunity for students participating in non-degree credit archaeological digs to submit reports, field notes and term papers for degree credit. Not eligible for CR/NCR option. Instructions on how to obtain an application form are posted on the following website: https://www.anthropology.utoronto.ca/undergraduate. The application form should be submitted at least one week prior to the beginning of classes.
Prerequisite: Permission of Undergraduate Co-ordinator and Supervisor
ANT362H1 - Sports and Play
We tend to think of sports as unserious. This course shows that much serious cultural work is conducted through sports, but also that sports are indeed not always serious. This anthropology of sports engages with sports as both work and play, considering issues like gender, bodies, competition, and pleasure.
ANT364H1 - Environment & Globalization
This course will examine the relationships between humans and the environment in the context of contemporary efforts to develop within or in opposition to the political economy of neoliberal globalization. We will critically examine the discourses of progress and environment within a broader theoretical inquiry of structure/agency and power.
ANT366H1 - Anthropology of Activism and Social Justice
Explores how anthropologists have traditionally studied social movements and how new social movements have challenged anthropologists to rethink some of their ethnographic methods and approaches. Some specific movements covered include those related to indigenous rights, environmentalism, refugees, gay and lesbian issues, biotechnology, new religions, and globalization.
ANT368H1 - Nature Culture Human
What is "nature" and how does it relate to the way in which "culture" is conceptualized? How do race, class, gender, sexuality and ability structure our experiences of both nature and ourselves as human beings? This course explores these questions through engagements with a variety of texts.
ANT370H1 - Introduction to Social Anthropological Theory
Hours: 24P
An in-depth critical review of foundational ideas in the development of the practice of Anthropology. Topics may include questioning fieldwork, origins and legacies of functionalism, cultural materialism, politics of culture, power and political economy, globalization and post modernism, gender and post-structuralism.
ANT372H1 - Cultural Property
This course explores the relationship between cultural property and everyday life through the themes of movement, ownership and value. Case studies, current events and debates help students understand how heritage is informed by the multiple values of cultural property. This course addresses issues of cultural property and heritage in the contemporary world that are relevant to all subfields of anthropology.
Prerequisite: ANT100Y1 or ANT200Y1 or ANT204H1 or ANT207H1 or ANT253H1
ANT374H1 - Rethinking Development, or the Improvement of the World
Development, or deliberate intervention to improve the lives of people deemed to be lacking, or left behind, has shaped the modern world for at least a century. Drawing on historical and ethnographic studies, this course examines the trajectory of development as a concept and practice, and traces its effects.
Prerequisite: ANT207H1 or permission of the instructor
ANT376H1 - Anthropology of Animals
The relationship between humans and other animals is one of the most hotly debated topics of our times. Through key classic and contemporary writings, this course introduces students to the interdisciplinary field of animal studies, and explores how anthropologists and other theorists have critically engaged in debates about animal and human distinctions.
ANT378H1 - Gift, Money, and Finance
This course introduces dialogue between anthropological literature and other disciplinary studies in regards to the economy and culture of gift and money transaction as a key aspect of human society. Studying the history of gift and money economy from agricultural societies and diverse developments of finance market culture in recent era through various perspectives (e.g., ethnographic, sociological, politico-economic, and historical views), this course aims to train students developing a critical understanding of capitalism.
ANT380H1 - Craft of Social/Cultural Anthropology
This course introduces students to the skills they need to conduct ethnographic research, in particular, participant observation, in-depth interview, as well as writing fieldnotes and research proposals. The emphasis is on interactive, workshop-style small group learning.
ANT384H1 - Special Topics in Society, Culture and Language
This lecture-format course focuses on a relatively broad topic in socio-cultural and/or linguistic anthropology. Topics change from year to year. For the 2015-16 academic year, the title of this course is "Nature, Culture, Human".
ANT385H1 - Special Topics in Sociocultural Medical Anthropology
This course combines lecture and discussion, and focuses on a topic in medical anthropology from a sociocultural perspective. Topics change from year to year. See Anthropology website for more details.
ANT386H1 - Global Catholicism: Anthropological Approaches
This is a course on material religion and mediation, kingdom and kinship, gender symbolisms and devotions, ecologies of selves and the histories of senses that infuse Catholicism. It challenges us to think about the importance of Catholicism as a global phenomenon expressed through socio-political and cultural practices of the everyday life.
Prerequisite: ANT204H1 or ANT207H1 or RLG212H1 or RLG203H1
ANT390H1 - Special Topics in Anthropology
This lecture-format course focuses on a relatively broad topic anthropology. Topics change from year to year. See Anthropology website for more details.
Prerequisite: 9.0 credits. Further prerequisites vary from year to year, consult the department.
JAH391H1 - Topics in Anthropology and History
Anthropological and Historical perspectives on topics that vary from year to year.
Recommended Preparation: ANT204H1 or a course in European History
Distribution Requirements: Humanities, Social Science
JAH391Y0 - Topics in Anthropology and History
Breadth Requirements: Creative and Cultural Representations (1), Society and its Institutions (3)
ANT395Y0 - Special Topics in Anthropology
Studies in anthropology taken abroad. Areas of concentration vary depending on the instructor and year offered.
Recommended Preparation: ANT100Y1 or ANT200Y1 or ANT203Y1 or ANT204H1 or ANT207H1
ANT398H0 - Research Excursions
An instructor-supervised group project in an off-campus setting. Details at https://www.artsci.utoronto.ca/current/academics/research-opportunities/research-excursions-program. Not eligible for CR/NCR option.
ANT398Y0 - Research Excursions
Credit course for supervised participation in faculty research project. Details at https://www.artsci.utoronto.ca/current/academics/research-opportunities/research-opportunities-program . Not eligible for CR/NCR option.
JAL401H1 - Field Linguistics
Field Linguistics provides practice in language analysis based on elicited data from a native speaker of an indigenous or foreign language, emphasizing procedures and techniques. (Given by the Departments of Anthropology and Linguistics)
Prerequisite: Completion of LIN322H1 and LIN331H1 or permission of the instructor
Exclusion: LIND46H3
ANT406H1 - Lithic Analysis
Core reduction strategies, replication, experimental archaeology, use-wear, design approaches, ground stone, inferring behaviour from lithic artifacts.
Prerequisite: ANT200Y1, ARH205H1/ ARH305H1, ARH312Y1
ANT407H1 - Inka and Aztec States
This course provides a comparative study of the emergence, organization, and transformation of the two historically-documented states of the native Americas: the Inka and the Aztec. Students will have the opportunity to analyze ethnohistorical and archaeological data in order to critically evaluate models of the pre-industrial state while gauging the anthropological significance of either convergence or particularity in the historical development of centralized political formations.
Prerequisite: ANT200Y1 and ARH205H1/ ARH305H1
ANT409H1 - Landscape Archaeology
Archaeological survey, spatial analysis of archaeological evidence over landscapes and territories, and ways archaeologists attempt to interpret landscapes, regional settlement systems, agricultural land use, regional exchange and communication, and past people's perceptions of or ideas about landscape.
Prerequisite: ARH205H1/ ARH305H1
Recommended Preparation: GGR270H1
ANT410H1 - Hunter-Gatherers Past & Present
Examines the diversity of recent hunter-gatherer societies, as a source of analogues for understanding the archaeological record of past foraging peoples.
ANT411H1 - Advanced Archaeological Theory
Seminar in the critical examination of major schools of archaeological thought.
ANT412H1 - Historical Archaeology
Hours: 16L/8P
Introduces the problems, methods and some of the material culture of colonial and industrial archaeology with emphasis on Canada and colonial America. Covers the use of documentary evidence, maps, architecture, and a variety of artifact classes.
Prerequisite: ANT200Y1 or HIS374H1
ANT415Y1 - Laboratory in Faunal Archaeo-Osteology
Hours: 48P/48S
Examination and interpretation of faunal material from archaeological sites as evidence for culture. The application form is posted on the following website: https://www.anthropology.utoronto.ca/undergraduate. The application form should be submitted by the deadline indicated on the website.
Prerequisite: ARH312Y1
Breadth Requirements: Living Things and Their Environment (4), The Physical and Mathematical Universes (5)
ANT416H1 - Archaeology of Ritual and Identity
This course offers a comparative survey of archaeological approaches to ritual practice as it relates to identity politics, personhood, and the negotiation of power relations in past societies. An important goal of the seminar is to introduce students to social theories on the inherent materiality of ritual performance, whether orchestrated in everyday practice or in elaborate religious and political spectacles.
Prerequisite: ARH205H1/ ARH305H1, and one of ANT100Y1/ ANT200Y1/ ANT356H1
ANT419H1 - Current Debates in Palaeolithic Archaeology
Current research in Palaeolithic Archaeology reflecting emerging issues.
ANT420H1 - Archaeology of Inequality
How social complexity is manifested in the archaeological record. Origins and evolution of prehistoric complex societies, from small-scale chiefdoms to large-scale states.
ANT425H1 - Language in Anthropological Thought
How ideas about language fit into the overall views of humankind as expressed by selected anthropologists, linguists, sociologists, and philosophers.
Prerequisite: ANT204H1 or ANT207H1 or ANT253H1 and a 0.5 credit 300+ level course from Group C: Society, Culture, and Language
ANT426H1 - Western Views of the Non-West
The history and present of western concepts and images about the 'Other', in anthropological and other scholarship and in popular culture.
Prerequisite: 0.5 credit at the 300-level from Anthropology Group C: Society, Culture, and Language, or Near and Middle Eastern Civilization or Jewish Studies or Diaspora and Transnational Studies or History
ANT430H1 - Primate Conservation Biology
The focus of this course is on the science of primate conservation biology in an anthropological context. Topics will include primate biodiversity and biogeography, human impacts, and conservation strategies/policies. The effects of cultural and political considerations on primate conservation will also be discussed.
ANT431H1 - The Real Planet of the Apes
Through fossil labs and lectures, we look back over 30 to 5 million years ago when apes roamed from Spain to China and Germany to Southern Africa. The fossil record of these apes, our ancestors, reveals how we evolved our large brains, dexterous hands, extended growth period and incredible intelligence. We encounter many surprises along the way, such as apes living with pandas in Hungary, animals with a mix of monkey, ape and pig traits and apes the size of polar bears. Of the more than 100 species of fossil apes known, only one gave rise to us.
Recommended Preparation: ANT335Y1 or ANT330Y1
ANT434H1 - Health, Diet & Disease in the Past
Advanced exploration of the life histories of past populations, through the application of palaeodietary analyses, palaeopathology and other appropriate research methods.
ANT435H1 - Anthropology of Childhood and Childcare
A detailed review of the classic and recently emerging literature on the anthropology of children, childhood, and childcare. Focus is on theories for evolution of human parenting adaptations, challenges in research methodology and implications for contemporary research, practice and policy in the area of care and nutrition of infants and children.
Prerequisite: ANT203Y1 or ANT208H1
Distribution Requirements: Social Science, Science
ANT436H1 - Primate Ecology & Social Behavior
This course will provide an overview of the ecology and social behavior of extant nonhuman primates. Topics will include socioecology, conservation biology, biogeography, aggression and affiliation, community ecology, communication, and socio-sexual behavior. There will also be extensive discussions of methods used in collecting data on primates in the field.
ANT437H1 - Introduction to Virtual Anthropology
Virtual anthropology is a set of new methods that allow us to digitize objects, analyze, reconstruct and share them digitally, and bring them back into the real world. After a theoretical introduction, students will use surface scanners, photogrammetric software and 3D printers to digitize and study archaeological and anthropological specimens.
Prerequisite: ANT334H1 or ARH312Y1
ANT438H1 - Topics in Emerging Scholarship (Evolutionary Anthropology)
Taught by an advanced PhD student or postdoctoral fellow, and based on his or her doctoral research and area of expertise, this course presents a unique opportunity to explore intensively a particular Evolutionary Anthropology topic in-depth. Topics vary from year to year.
Prerequisite: ANT203Y1 and a 0.5 credit 300+ level course from Group B: Evolutionary
ARH440H1 - Photogrammetry and 3D Analysis of Material Culture
Hours: 12L/12P/12S
With the increasing availability of powerful computers and software, 3D modeling and recording has become commonplace in archaeology, architectural history, museum studies, and other areas of cultural heritage research. In this course, students will learn about a powerful new method for 3D recording known as photogrammetry. After a series of tutorials, they will gain firsthand experience creating their own models of various subjects, such as historical architecture and public art in Toronto, and museum objects on campus. They will also learn how to analyze and present 3D content, while thinking critically about the impact of how digital tools are currently being employed by and shaping the agendas of researchers in archaeology, art history, and related fields.
Prerequisite: 1.0 credit in ANT/ ARH/ FAH courses at the 300+ level
Exclusion: ARH482H1 (Special Topics in Archaeology: 3D Modeling and Archaeological Analysis), offered in Fall 2019 and Fall 2021
Recommended Preparation: Previous experience with photography or imaging software will be helpful but is not required
Distribution Requirements: Humanities
ANT441H1 - Love, Sex, and Marriage
Beginning with anthropology's early work on kinship, and ending with recent analyses of sex work and the globalization of ideologies of romantic love and companionate marriage, this course will investigate how emotional and sexual relationships are produced, used, conceptualized, and experienced both within particular societies and transnationally.
Prerequisite: ANT207H1 and ANT343H1
ANT450H1 - Multispecies Cities
As of 2007, for the first time in human history, more than half the world's peoples lived in cities. It is estimated that by 2030 over 60% will be urban-dwellers. This demographic shift suggests that for many (if not most) people, their primary encounter with "nature" will be urban based. This course explores the idea of "urban-nature" by 1) focusing on the ways in which various theorists have challenged traditional ways of viewing both "the city" and "nature" and 2) encouraging students to develop their own critical perspectives through ethnographic engagements with the city of Toronto.
Prerequisite: ANT204H1 or ANT207H1 and a 300-level course or above in Society, Culture and Language
ANT455H1 - Ethnographic Approaches to the Middle East and North Africa
This course explores the literature and concerns of anthropologists conducting ethnographic research in the greater Middle East and North Africa (MENA). It is designed for students with a background in social and cultural anthropology who wish to become familiar with the social and religious complexity of the MENA region, and the anthropological questions it has compelled. Islam has long been the area's principal social and historical force and thus provides the backdrop for much, but not all, of the ethnography considered in the course. Moreover, Muslim majority MENA countries exhibit considerable social and sectarian diversity. Readings and lectures attend to differences as well as resemblances, while considering issues such as gender roles, kinship, marriage, local level practices, medicine, secularism, 'public Islam,' nationalism, and the persistent problem of orientalism.
Exclusion: ANTC89H3; ANT484H1 (Topics: Ethnography of the Middle East and North Africa) taken in Winter 2014; ANT384H1 (Topics: Peoples of the Middle East and North Africa) taken in Winter 2017, Winter 2018.
Recommended Preparation: NMC241H1, RLG204H1, NMC283Y1
ANT456H1 - Queer Ethnography
This course explores, first, how and where forms of desire and sexual practice have become sites of anthropological inquiry and exemplars of particular cultural logics. Tracing, then, the transnational turn in the anthropology of sexuality, the course engages important debates about culture, locality, and globalization. By focusing on the transnational movement of desires, practices, and pleasures through activisms, mass media, and tourism, the course asks how sex is global and how globalization is thoroughly sexed. Course material will stress, but not be limited to, forms of same-sex or otherwise queer sexualities.
Prerequisite: ANT207H1 and any 300-level course in Society, Culture and Language
ANT457H1 - Anthropology of Material Culture
The course addresses the cultural and social significance of material culture in specific cultural settings, and the role that artifacts have played in the history of anthropological thought from early typological displays to the most recent developments of material culture studies.
ANT458H1 - Settler-Colonialism and Indigenous Health in Canada
This course draws on anthropological and historical literatures to explore the relationship between the health of Indigenous people and Canadian settler-colonialism. In conceptualising this relationship, we focus on critical analysis of the role of biomedical health-care systems in settler-colonial governmentality, and how history is understood in discourses on Indigenous health.
Prerequisite: Any 300-level course in Society, Culture and Language or INS350H1 or INS355H1 or JFP450H1 or permission of the instructor
Recommended Preparation: ANT345H1 or ANT348H1 or ANT358H1
ANT459H1 - Multispecies Ethnography
This course introduces perspectives which extend anthropological inquiry beyond the solely human realm. Building on an acknowledgement of the fundamental interconnectedness of humans and other life forms, it explores the agencies of other-than-humans, including nonhuman animals, land and seascapes, plants, bacteria, "contaminants," and others. The course involves field-site visits and fieldwork projects in Toronto (GTA region) and engages with ethnographic methodologies best suited to investigations of inter-species, inter-life form relationships.
Prerequisite: ANT376H1 or three 300-level anthropology courses in any subfield or permission of instructor
ANT460H1 - Global Perspectives on Women's Health
This fourth-year seminar examines how female gender shapes health and illness. Using case studies of sexual health, fertility and its management, substance use/abuse, mental health, and occupational/labor health risks, the course investigates the material, political, and socio-cultural factors that can put women at risk for a range of illness conditions.
Prerequisite: ANT343H1/ ANT345H1/ ANT348H1
ANT462H1 - Anthropology of Affect
This course examines how anthropologists have studied the way that people hope, imagine, love, and despise. Ethnography of the intimate realms of affect raises important questions about knowledge production and methodology as well as offering insight into how people come to act upon the world and what the human consequences of such action are. The course will also examine how the intimate is socially produced and harnessed in the service of politics and culture. Topics will include grief and its lack; dreams and activism; love and social change; memory and imperialism; sexuality and care; and violence and hope.
ANT464H1 - Black Ethnographies
Black populations in the African Diaspora defy simple characterizations. In this course, we will examine the experiences of Black people through an ethnographic exploration of their lives. The close analysis of ethnographic monographs and articles will illuminate the ways in which race, gender, ethnicity, class, sexuality, ability, nationality, and other factors, shape the everyday for Black people in different cultural contexts. An additional focus will be a consideration of the experiences of Black anthropologists as ethnographers and scholars who are broadening anthropological discourses.
ANT472H1 - Japan in Global Context: Anthropological Perspectives
This course examines how what we know as Japan and its culture has been constructed through global interactions. Topics include gender and sexuality, race and ethnicity, social and family life, work and leisure, and Japanese identity amid changing global power relations.
Prerequisite: ANT204H1/ ANT207H1
ANT473H1 - Ethnographic Practicum: The University
Students carry out original ethnographic research projects on some aspect of life in the University of Toronto: its students, staff and faculty; its hierarchies and habits; and the everyday practices in classrooms, labs, dining halls, offices, clubs, and residence corridors. Class time is used for collective brainstorming, feedback and analysis.
ANT474H1 - Ethnographies of HIV/AIDS: Risk, Vulnerability, and Care
This course examines HIV/AIDS globally and ethnographically focusing on how gendered political economies create HIV vulnerability; the experiences of sexual minorities; how religious institutions shape practices of social care and exclusion; and anthropological critiques of HIV awareness campaigns and counseling as sites of governmentality.
Prerequisite: ANT348H1 or ANT345H1 or ANT358H1 or ANT343H1
ANT475H1 - Reading Ethnography
Students read several full-length ethnographies, both classical and contemporary, and debate what makes for sound ethnographic research and writing, as well as what ethnography is and "should" be as a genre of writing and representation.
ANT476H1 - Body, Self and Sociality
This seminar class examines 'the body' as a historically and culturally contingent category, the material site and means of practice, and a foundation point for identity and self-fashioning. We consider the relevance of cultural meanings to biomedical practices, the centrality of the body to consumer techno-society, and the body's role as a locus of experience, political inscription, and struggle.
ANT477H1 - Transnational Korea in and outside the Peninsula
This course addresses reading ethnography as a tool to understand compressed and complex modernity such as Korean societies, both in and outside of the Korean peninsula. In particular, this course aims to develop students' critical thinking on class, ethnicity, gender, family, and migration in Korea and diasporic societies of Koreans in Canada, China, Japan, and US.
Prerequisite: ANT207H1 and 0.5 credit at the 300+ level from BR=1/2/3 courses
ANT480H1 - Special Topics in Anthropological Research
Unique opportunity to explore a particular anthropological topic in-depth. Topics vary from year to year.
Prerequisite: Any 200-level Anthropology course and 1.0 credit at the 300+ level
ANT481H1 - Special Topics in Evolutionary Anthropology
Unique opportunity to explore in-depth a particular topic in Evolutionary Anthropology. Topics vary from year to year.
ARH482H1 - Special Topics in Archaeology
Unique opportunity to explore a particular archaeological topic in-depth. Topics vary from year to year.
ANT483H1 - Special Topics in Linguistic Anthropology
This course will focus on an advanced topic in Linguistic Anthropology. Topic will vary from year- to-year.
Prerequisite: ANT253H1 and 1.0 credit at the 300-level from Group C: Society, Culture and Language
ANT484H1 - Special Topics in Social Cultural Anthropology
Unique opportunity to explore a particular Social Cultural Anthropology topic in-depth. Topics vary from year to year.
ANT485H1 - Topics in Emerging Scholarship (Society, Culture and Language)
Taught by an advanced PhD student or postdoctoral fellow, and based on his or her doctoral research and area of expertise, this course presents a unique opportunity to explore intensively a particular Socio-cultural or Linguistic Anthropology topic in-depth. Topics vary from year to year.
Prerequisite: ANT207H1 and 1.0 credit at the 300+ level from Group C: Society, Culture and Language
ANT486H1 - Special Topics: Socio-Cultural Research Seminar
ANT488H1 - Special Topics in Medical Anthropology
This discussion-based seminar course focuses on a topic in medical anthropology. Topics change from year to year. See Anthropology website for more details.
Prerequisite: ANT205H1, ANT208H1, and 1.0 credit in ANT/ARH/JAH/JAL/JAR courses at the 300-level
ANT490Y1 - Field Course in Social and Cultural Anthropology
An instructor-supervised experiential study project in social and cultural anthropology. Course takes place in an off-campus setting. Not eligible for CR/NCR option.
Prerequisite: ANT204H1 or ANT207H1, and 1.0 credit from Group C: Society, Culture, and Language
ANT491H1 - Internship in Anthropology
This course is an opportunity to apply acquired knowledge in anthropology or archeology in a work placement environment. Opportunities may include local community organizations, international development organizations, museum or heritage projects, or media production projects. Only internships that require knowledge and skills in anthropology and/or archeology will be considered. Student must fulfill responsibilities of the internship as well as complete a final research paper. If qualified, the student's internship supervisor will mark the final paper for the course; if not, an appropriate academic supervisor will be assigned from within the Dept. of Anthropology. Restricted to students in a Specialist or Major program in Anthropology. Not eligible for CR/NCR option. Instructions on how to obtain an application form are posted on the following website: https://www.anthropology.utoronto.ca/undergraduate. The application form should be submitted at least one week prior to the beginning of classes.
Prerequisite: 14.0 credits, 3.0 credits in Anthropology
ANT491Y1 - Internship in Anthropology
ARH494H1 - Topics in Emerging Scholarship (Archaeology)
Taught by an advanced PhD student or postdoctoral fellow, and based on his or her doctoral research and area of expertise, this course presents a unique opportunity to explore intensively a particular Archaeology topic in-depth. Topics vary from year to year.
ARH495H1 - Archaeology Research Practicum
Laboratory or practical research on an archaeological project that emphasizes methods and research design in archaeology. Students must obtain the consent of a Supervisor before enrolling. Students are required to give an oral presentation of research results to an open meeting of the Archaeology Centre at the conclusion of the course. Application must be made to the Anthropology Department. Not eligible for CR/NCR option. Instructions on how to obtain an application form are posted on the following website: https://www.anthropology.utoronto.ca/undergraduate. The application form should be submitted at least one week prior to the beginning of classes.
Prerequisite: A minimum of 14.0 credits, permission of Supervisor and Undergraduate Coordinator.
Recommended Preparation: ARH205H1/ ARH305H1, ARH312Y1
ANT497Y1 - Independent Research
Supervised independent research on a topic agreed on by the student and supervisor before enrolment in the course. Open in exceptional circumstances to advanced students with a strong background in Anthropology. Course Supervisor must be a member of the Anthropology faculty. A maximum of one year of Independent Research courses is allowed per program. Not eligible for CR/NCR option. Instructions on how to obtain an application form are posted on the following website: https://www.anthropology.utoronto.ca/undergraduate. The application form should be submitted at least one week prior to the beginning of classes.
ANT498H1 - Independent Research
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10 Toxic Substances to Avoid
Toxic plants rank high on the list of things to avoid, but other substances, organisms, and chemicals can pose risks as well.
Plants and chemicals your horse should never eat
There are many things horses should never eat. Certainly, toxic plants rank high on the list of things to avoid, but other substances, organisms, and chemicals can pose risks as well. While poisoning in horses is relatively rare compared to other causes of ill health, when it does occur the consequences can be dire.
"People often assume that horses know what to eat and what not to eat, but that's just not true in a lot of cases," says Cynthia Gaskill, DVM, PhD, clinical veterinary toxicologist at the University of Kentucky Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. From a curious nibble of a tree branch to accidental consumption of a contaminated grain meal, there are a number of ways horses can ingest toxic substances that put their health—and lives—at risk. Here are our top 10:
1. Yew
American, English, Japanese, and Western yew are ornamental evergreen hedge-type plants that grow red berries in the fall. They are commonly used in landscaping across much of North America.
Danger to horses As little as a mouthful or two of yew can be lethal, says Sarah Ralston, VMD, PhD, professor in Rutgers University's Department of Animal Sciences. The plant's alkaloid toxin taxine causes cardiac and respiratory failure, often within minutes. "It's not uncommon for horses to be found dead with the plant still in their mouth," Ralston says.
Risk of exposure Most yew poisonings occur when clippings are erroneously tossed into a pasture after trimming, with leaves remaining toxic even after they wilt. Decorative wreaths made with yew are another potential source of exposure when hung where horses can access them.
2. Oleander
This common decorative perennial evergreen shrub produces white, pink, or red flowers in spring and summer. Common in the southern United States, oleander grows only in climates where temperatures remain above freezing.
Danger to horses Potent cardiac glycosides in the plant affect the heart's ion balance, causing irregular heart activity that can ultimately result in cardiac failure and death. Relatively small quantities (0.005% of the horse's body weight, or 0.05 pounds for a 1,000-pound horse) are considered lethal. Ingestion might also cause colic.
Risk of exposure Horses are often exposed to oleander when people toss clippings into pastures. Horses ridden on trails might also take a quick bite out of curiosity, notes Ralston.
3. Ionophores
These antibiotic feed additives, such as monensin, are used as growth promotors in cattle and poultry diets. Farmers also use these as antiprotozoal agents to controlCoccidia infections.
Danger to horses Horses are more sensitive than other livestock to ionophores, which influence ion transfer across cell membranes and, thus, affect how nerves and muscles function. "Ionophores are cardiotoxic to the horse—they damage the heart muscle," says Karyn Bischoff, DVM, MS, Dipl. ABVT, senior research associate in Cornell University's Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences. Clinical signs of consumption can include a loss of appetite, rapid heart rate, sweating, colic, and unexpected death. "They may also have weakness in the legs, or you could see the horse thrashing if they are having difficulty getting up, because the skeletal muscles are affected as well," she adds. "Unfortunately, a lot of these horses don't make it. Where they do, long-term prognosis can be poor."
Risk of exposure Horse feed can become contaminated with ionophores if manufacturers producing a variety of feed types don't follow proper cleaning protocols between formulating batches for different species. "Exposure to cattle feed with the approved amount of ionophore is rarely a cause of intoxication in horses," says Gaskill. "It's when horses get into a concentrated pre-mix or an improperly formulated cattle feed with a higher dosage that we typically see the problem."
4. Blister beetles
Abundant in the Midwestern United States, blister beetles swarm alfalfa fields and can be baled into alfalfa hay during harvest. Present from mid to late summer, they feed on the tops of alfalfa plants.
Danger to horses Blister beetles contain cantharidin, a toxic chemical and blistering agent. "When the horse eats it (he) can get blisters in the mouth and esophagus and ulcerations in the stomach and intestines," says Bischoff. "It can circulate in the blood and can damage the cells of the heart. And on the way out it can damage the kidneys and cause ulceration in the urinary bladder. It basically burns the whole way through." Clinical signs typically appear within hours of ingestion and include gastrointestinal distress, strained and frequent urination, and lesions in and around the mouth. If a horse ingests a lethal quantity (believed to be 0.5-1 mg of cantharidin per kilogram of body weight), he can die within 72 hours.
Risk of exposure Alfalfa hay can become contaminated with beetles that are crushed during the crimping process (when hay stems are broken to hasten drying). Even dried and crushed, the beetles remain toxic for a long time. Only a few flakes of hay in a bale might be affected because of the beetles' tendancy to swarm. Unfortunately, short of carefully inspecting each flake, there is no effective way to assess for contamination, says Bischoff, who recommends buying hay from growers that take precautions when harvesting.
5. Rodenticides and pesticides
These are products formulated to kill rats and mice, gophers, birds, snails, slugs, ants, or other offending pests. They often consist of a pelleted, granular, or powdered bait.
Danger to horses In sufficient doses the toxic agents used in rodenticides and pesticides can be lethal to horses. Anticoagulant rodenticides, for example, a common class of rat poison, are designed to cause bleeding and hemorrhaging in the targeted pest but ultimately can cause the same in larger species. "These things are dose-dependent, but sometimes it doesn't take very much, especially with inquisitive (foals) that will put just about anything in their mouths," says Gaskill.
Risk of exposure Bait-type products often contain sweet flavorings or grain bases designed to attract pests. Unfortunately, says Gaskill, these qualities often make them attractive to horses as well. Exposure typically occurs due to inappropriate storage or because those setting the bait do not follow label directions.
6. Herbicides
Some property owners apply herbicides to their fields to control weeds. Glyphosate and phenoxy herbicides are most commonly used.
Danger to horses Horses might be inclined to consume toxic plants they normally wouldn't eat after they have been sprayed with herbicide, says Safdar Khan, DVM, MS, PhD, Dipl. ABVT, director of toxicology at the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center, in Urbana, Illinois. "When herbicides are used it can bring certain chemical changes in the plant, which for some reason can make it more attractive to the horse." Diarrhea and colic are typically seen post-exposure.
Risk of exposure The most common means of exposure is when an owner has used an herbicide in a horse's field and forgotten about it, says Khan. Thus, following product guidelines is key. "For grazing animals there is usually a withdrawal time in the directions (designating how long to keep the animal off pasture following application)," he says.
7. Decaying organic matter
Rotting hay, haylage, or other organic matter has the potential to harbor botulism-causing toxins produced byClostridium botulinum.
Danger to horsesHorses are highly susceptible to C. botulinum toxins, which attack the nerves that communicate with muscles, leading to general weakness that progresses to paralysis. Clinical signs of botulism might include inability to eat, drooling, nasal discharge, muscle tremors, difficulty getting up, difficulty breathing, and death.
Risk of exposure Toxin ingestion is one of the most common routes of exposure in horses, notes Gaskill, though it can also be acquired through exposed wounds. Some parts of the country, such as Kentucky, have high levels of the toxin-producing bacterial spores in the soil. "Rotting, decomposing hay or improperly put up haylage or silage are common sources of contaminated material," says Gaskill. Animal carcasses can also harbor the toxin.
8. Fumonisin (moldy corn)
This mycotoxin (fungal toxin) can infect corn prior to harvest or during storage. Hot, dry conditions followed by high humidity are associated with increased fumonisin concentrations in growing corn, usually in the Midwest and South.
Danger to horses Horses that eat corn containing toxic fumonisin levels develop moldy corn poisoning, or equine leukoencephalomalacia (ELEM), a rapidly progressing, often fatal neurologic disease. "It basically melts the white matter of the horse's brain," explains Bischoff. Clinical signs might include those typical of neurologic disease, such as head-pressing, circling, muscle tremors, weakness, or strange, sometimes violent behavior. For those that survive, the prognosis is not good, says Bischoff. Veterinarians typically recommend euthanasia.
Risk of exposure Most commercial feed mills test for fumonisin contamination. But feeding untested corn, such as that which has come directly from the field, can put horses at risk, particularly in regions where fumonisin is more prevalent.
9. Red maple
Researchers have known that wilted red maple leaves can be toxic to horses, but they now suggest that other species, such as sugar and silver maple, might be problematic as well.
Danger to horses While research on the mechanism behind red maple poisoning is ongoing, scientists believe the toxic agent is linked to levels of gallic acid, which increase in leaves throughout the summer. The leaves in combination with certain bacteria produce a strong oxidant that damages horses' red blood cells, hindering their ability to carry oxygen or destroying them completely. "A lot of horses die from it, but some survive with intensive care," says Bischoff. Clinical signs include loss of appetite, red urine, increased drinking and urination, and a generally depressed state. To be affected, an average-sized horse would need to consume an estimated 1.5-3.3 lbs of wilted leaves.
Risk of exposure "Red maple poisoning … happens mostly in the late summer and early fall," says Bischoff. Fallen branches in a paddock following a storm are the most common source of exposure, with wilted leaves remaining toxic for as long as 30 days. Bored or curious, a horse might strip the leaves off and eat them. Scientists believe the bark is also toxic.
10. Tansy ragwort
A nondistinct yellow flowering plant, tansy ragwort grows throughout most of North America.
Danger to horses "If a horse eats enough of the plant over a short period of time, or smaller amounts over a longer period of time, they can develop an irreversible chronic liver disease, though they may not show signs for six months to a year," says Bischoff. Signs can be neurologic and include head-pressing, circling, and bizarre behavior. Loss of appetite and weight loss over time are also common.
Risk of exposure Horses might consume the plant if it gets baled into hay, but because disease onset is slow and clinical signs often do not appear until well after the initial exposure, poisoning can be difficult to trace, says Bischoff.
Take-Home Message
There are a number of substances that are toxic to horses, with adverse effects ranging from mild to fatal, depending on what is consumed, how much, the horse's size and health, and other case circumstances. Because horses don't always know what's harmful for them, owners and caretakers must be keenly aware of these threats when managing their horses.
This is a great article compliments of the folks at TheHorse.com
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Attorneys for plaintiffs alleging sexual abuse by Catholic priests said Wednesday that the Rev. Kevin McDonough cut short his deposition and refused to answer a vital question.
Jeff Anderson deposed McDonough at the downtown St. Paul office of archdiocese attorney Daniel Haws.
Anderson said late Wednesday that, though a judge had ordered an eight-hour deposition, McDonough and his attorneys argued that it was to be just 6 1/2 hours.
Anderson asked McDonough after several hours, "Do you believe, Father, that I have publicly exaggerated the risk posed to the public by the practices of the archdiocese pertaining to sexual abuse?"
"In some cases," McDonough answered, according to Anderson.
At that point, Haws and McDonough's own attorney, Andrew Birrell, said the deposition was over, according to Anderson. They instructed McDonough not to answer the question, Anderson said.
The Archdiocese of St. Paul and Minneapolis has said the deposition should not be made public. Anderson said his firm would make it, as well as the April 2 deposition of Archbishop John Nienstedt, public "as soon as we think we are able to."
Asked to comment on the deposition, the archdiocese said in a written statement that the session "met the court-ordered 8-hour requirement" and that McDonough cooperated throughout the questioning.
McDonough handled allegations of sexual abuse by priests during his time as vicar general, 1991 to 2008, and "delegate for safe environment" from 2008 until the fall of 2013. A vicar general serves as the archbishop's top deputy.
"When needed, he clarified misstatements and mischaracterizations of the incidents that occurred while he held these positions," the archdiocese said in its statement.
"Father McDonough emphasized that he always had the best interests of children and the vulnerable in mind when doing his work. He also acknowledged that the harm caused by sexual abuse is serious and grave," the archdiocese said.
The depositions were taken as part of a lawsuit filed in 2013 against the archdiocese and former priest Thomas Adamson, who has been accused of sexually abusing dozens of boys.


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Q: install GSL 2.6 I had GSL 2.3 installed on my pc for along time now. I tried to update to 2.6 following this
but when I check the version using gsl-config --version, it says that I have 2.3. Is there a step that I missed?
I missed to use gsl-config --prefix to find the path and use that in the ./configure step, instead of setting --prefix to what the post suggests.

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text:
Q: Installing Simple Chinese support for solr 5.2 I am trying to add support for Simple Chinese on my Solr core.  I try add the following to my schema.xml file:
<fieldType name="text_zh" class="solr.TextField" positionIncrementGap="100">
    <analyzer class="org.apache.lucene.analysis.cn.smart.SmartChineseAnalyzer"/>
</fieldType>

The get thei following error when reloading the core:

yirmi:
  org.apache.solr.common.SolrException:org.apache.solr.common.SolrException:
  Could not load conf for core yirmi: Plugin init failure for
  [schema.xml] fieldType "text_zh": Cannot load analyzer:
  org.apache.lucene.analysis.cn.smart.SmartChineseAnalyzer. Schema file
  is /var/solr/data/yirmi/conf/schema.xml solr:
  org.apache.solr.common.SolrException:org.apache.solr.common.SolrException:
  Could not load conf for core solr: Error loading solr config from
  /var/solr/data/solr/conf/solrconfig.xml

When I try
<fieldType name="text_zh" class="solr.TextField" positionIncrementGap="100">
    <!--<analyzer class="org.apache.lucene.analysis.cn.smart.SmartChineseAnalyzer"/>-->
    <analyzer>
        <tokenizer class="solr.HMMChineseTokenizerFactory"/>
        <filter class="solr.CJKWidthFilterFactory"/>
        <filter class="solr.StopFilterFactory"
                words="org/apache/lucene/analysis/cn/smart/stopwords.txt"/>
        <filter class="solr.PorterStemFilterFactory"/>
        <filter class="solr.LowerCaseFilterFactory"/>
    </analyzer>
</fieldType>

I get the following error when loading the code:

yirmi: org.apache.solr.common.SolrException:org.apache.solr.common.SolrException:

Could not load conf for core yirmi: Plugin init failure for
  [schema.xml] fieldType "text_zh": Plugin init failure for [schema.xml]
  analyzer/tokenizer: Error loading class
  'solr.HMMChineseTokenizerFactory'. Schema file is
  /var/solr/data/yirmi/conf/schema.xml
      solr: org.apache.solr.common.SolrException:org.apache.solr.common.SolrException:
  Could not load conf for core solr: Error loading solr config from
  /var/solr/data/solr/conf/solrconfig.xml

How do I install the necessary plugins in order for the changes in schema.xml to work?

A: First, make sure that you have added the library files (the lucene-analyzers-smartcn-x.y.z.jar file in contrib\analysis-extras\lucene-libs) to your lib statement in solrconfig.xml.
The startup log for Solr should show the library file being loaded.
If you get the error

Error CREATEing SolrCore 'yirmi': Unable to create core [yirmi] Caused by: Can't set positionIncrementGap on custom analyzer class org.apache.lucene.analysis.cn.smart.SmartChineseAnalyze

Remove the positionIncrementGap setting for that field type, since that setting isn't valid for custom analyzers (which this is).


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Infineon partners with GTAT to expand supply base for silicon carbide
December 17, 2020 By Michelle Froese
Infineon Technologies AG and GT Advanced Technologies (GTAT) have signed a supply agreement for silicon carbide (SiC) boules. The contract has an initial term of five years.
The supply agreement with GTAT ensures that Infineon will be able to meet the rapidly growing demand of customers for SiC solutions with a diversified supplier base.
With this supply contract, the German semiconductor manufacturer adds another element to secure its growing base material demand in this area. SiC is the basis for power semiconductors that are efficient, robust, and cost-effective at the system level.
Under the brand name CoolSiC, Infineon already markets one of the industry's largest product portfolio for industrial applications and is rapidly expanding its offerings towards consumer and automotive products.
"We are seeing a steadily increasing demand for SiC-based switches, especially for industrial applications," says Peter Wawer, president of Infineon's Industrial Power Control Division. "However, it has become clear that the automotive sector is quickly following suit."
He added: "With the supply agreement…we ensure that we will be able to meet the rapidly growing demand of our customers with a diversified supplier base. GTAT's high-quality boules will provide an additional source for competitive SiC wafers fulfilling the best-in-class material standards now and in the future."
SiC has mainly been used up to now in photovoltaic inverters, industrial power supplies, and the charging infrastructure for electric vehicles. This is where the advantages of SiC at the system level, compared to classical silicon solutions, have already come into play. Other industrial applications such as uninterruptible power supplies and variable-speed drives are increasingly making use of the new semiconductor technology.
Additionally, electric vehicles show enormous potential for application options, including the main inverters for the drive train and onboard battery charging units.
"We are very excited to enter into a long-term supply agreement with Infineon," says Greg Knight, President and CEO of GT Advanced Technologies. "GTAT will enable Infineon to achieve a secure high-quality internal SiC wafer supply by applying their proprietary thin-wafer technology to GTAT's crystal. The growth of SiC device adoption is tied largely to the aggressive cost down of the substrate, and this agreement is a significant step towards achieving that goal."
Maxim offers industry's smallest solar harvester for space-constrained devices


RadioIndy created a CD Announcement Press Release for Chapter II feat. Natalie Chandra on Digg.com!
On "Angelface" the new CD from Chapter ll feat. Natalie Chandra, the rock comes fast and furious as blasts of roaring guitars punctuate swirls of synthesizer in an all-out attack of goth-influenced and hook-filled hard rock. Singer-songwriter Chandra brings a Pat Benatar-like vocal power to this 12-song collection, matching the intensity of her singing to larger-than-life anthems as well as moving power ballads. Highlights include CD-opener "Sulphur Anima," an insistent, synth-driven howl of rage; "Stop Looking Away," a Celtic-infused rocker with strains of bagpipe going head-to-head with a pile-driving heavy metal riff; the atmospheric ballad, "Scorned"; and the 8-minute opus, "Sekhmet's Summoning," a gothic anthem of melody and vision. With its nod to Northern European influenced Black Metal, Chapter ll feat. Natalie Chandra's "Angelface" CD is tailor-made for fans of Evanescence, Lacuna Coil and other theatrically-oriented bands who deliver epics of darkness and shadow like there's no tomorrow.
Straight guitar riffs mixed with orchestral sound. Recommended if you like Evenesence, Nightwish, Tarot, Lacuna Coil etc.


Clayton Human is an enigmatic performer who creates dreamy textures, with influences from an array of folk and rock. A man who loves his guitar and vacant spaces. He seesaws between the genres, creating a canyon of echo folk and devotional ghost pop. This music doesn't like shopping malls and banks, and has traces of well-considered misanthropy.
He is a non-believer, a gangster-gardener, a serenader of frustrations directed at little boxes, beer bellies, queuing and heart emoticons.


Have you ever wondered why kids are drawn to illustrated story books than regular school textbooks? Do you think it has something to do with a popular saying," a picture is worth a thousand words"? Yes, it has something to do with it and more than that. Though the storyline is important, illustrated characters make them readable. This blog explores 5 reasons why illustrations for kids are important.
Many times, parents give some colourful books to kids for keeping them busy. At such a young age, a kid may not understand the storyline or purpose, but they are easily drawn to colorful illustrations in the book. This becomes their first tryst with reading and keeps them occupied for hours.
Illustrations are eye-catching and they are used to teach kids in schools. An illustration becomes a stand alone for an idea. For example – Kids are introduced to vegetables, fruits, animals and birds through illustrated books. It becomes easier to relate to the vegetable or fruit kept before them by remembering the illustration in the story book.
Illustrated pictures also help kids to understand more complex subjects such as historical lessons, scientific formulae's, etc. An illustrated book on the solar system, for instance, can help a kid to memorize planets and satellites.
Today, illustrated books are widely used for teaching complex scientific or engineering concepts as well as languages in schools and vocational courses.
Generally, illustrated books are used for teaching kids in the early years of their life because they help them to understand the world around them. A child can only perceive the world in a non-abstractive manner. The illustrations will him/her conceptualize things in an abstract manner and triggers their imagination as well. They start connecting things with images and accompanying text.
Karen Lotz of Candlewick Press says that illustrations reinforce analogical thinking in kids. As kids interact with illustrations, they start filling the missing themes. Various studies suggest that illustrations help to develop cognitive behaviour and reasoning in young kids.
Nowadays, illustrated "Adventure Series" colouring books are gaining popularity. These illustrated books discuss various themes from drug abuse, elder abuse, fire safety practices and a variety of other themes that parents and teachers fail to convey properly. Many of these colouring books feature an image slot at the end that allow kids to insert their image, so that they continue to feature through every page and become part of the adventure trip, while learning some great things. Illustrated story books are largely used to convey complex concepts in a simple manner.
As mentioned above, kids follow illustrated books to understand things in the early phases of development. They will start understanding complex words in a simpler way through pictorial clues.
Illustrated educational books are fun to read and kids love to re-read them as often as they can.
If any of the above-mentioned reasons convince you to believe why illustrations for kids are important, then you can try out following things, too.