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Home Research The Benefits Outweigh the Risks for Patients Undergoing Chiropractic Care for Neck...
The Benefits Outweigh the Risks for Patients Undergoing Chiropractic Care for Neck Pain: A Prospective, Multicenter, Cohort Study
Sidney M. Rubinstein, DC, MS, Charlotte Leboeuf-Yde, DC, MPH, PhD,
Dirk L. Knol, PhD, Tammy E. de Koekkoek, DC, Charles E. Pfeifle, DC,
Maurits W. van Tulder, PhD
Institute for Research in Extramural Medicine (EMGO-Institute),
VU University Medical Center,
sm.rubinstein@vumc.nl
OBJECTIVE: This study describes both positive clinical outcomes and adverse events in patients treated for neck pain by a chiropractor.
METHODS: This study was a prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study. Patients with neck pain of any duration who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited in a practice-based study. Data were collected on the patients and from the chiropractors at baseline, the first 3 visits, and at 3 and 12 months. Clinical outcome measures included (1) neck pain in the 24 hours preceding the visit, (2) neck disability, (3) treatment satisfaction, (4) global assessment, and (5) adverse events. Recovery was defined as "completely improved" or "much better" using the global assessment scale. An adverse event was defined as either a new related complaint or a worsening of the presenting or existing complaint by >30% based upon an 11-point numerical rating scale.
RESULTS: In all, 79 chiropractors participated, recruiting 529 subjects, representing 4891 treatment consultations. Follow-up was possible for 90% and 92%, respectively, at 3 and 12 months. Most patients had chronic, recurrent complaints; mild to moderate disability of the neck; and a mild amount of pain at baseline; and two thirds had sought previous care for the presenting complaint in the preceding 6 months. Adverse events after any of the first 3 treatments were reported by 56%, and 13% of the study population reported these events to be severe in intensity. The most common adverse events affected the musculoskeletal system or were pain related, whereas symptoms such as tiredness, dizziness, nausea, or ringing in the ears were uncommon (<8%). Only 5 subjects (1%) reported to be much worse at 12 months. No serious adverse events were recorded during the study period. Of the patients who returned for a fourth visit, approximately half reported to be recovered, whereas approximately two thirds of the cohort were recovered at 3 and 12 months.
CONCLUSION: Adverse events may be common, but are rarely severe in intensity. Most of the patients report recovery, particularly in the long term. Therefore, the benefits of chiropractic care for neck pain seem to outweigh the potential risks.
From the Full-Text Article:
In contrast to clinical trials of prescription medication, researchers in the area of conservative care for musculoskeletal complaints have focused their attention on treatment effectiveness and, to a much lesser degree, on adverse events. This study, consisting of patients treated in a wide variety of chiropractic practices and settings, describes both positive and negative, and short- and long-term clinical outcomes for a relatively large study population with neck pain.
Although adverse events have been described in previous clinical trials of treatment effectiveness with cervical spine manipulation, [4, 34] studies such as these provide limited information on these types of events because of their small sample sizes. Earlier studies on adverse events following spinal manipulation have focused on describing types and patterns of adverse events of the entire spine, [12-14, 29] but did not describe positive outcomes. To our knowledge, only one other study has examined both positive and negative clinical outcomes in patients with neck pain undergoing chiropractic treatments [15]; however, our study has a larger sample size. In addition, given the study design chosen, it was possible to examine a large number of treatments delivered by a diverse group of chiropractors and was not specifically aimed at the effect of spinal manipulation alone. Therefore, these findings might be more generalizable to clinical practice than those obtained in a single-center, controlled trial setting.
In short, there are 2 major findings. Firstly, in relation to "risks," despite the fact that more than half of the study population experienced an adverse event, only 1% (5 subjects) of a cohort who had undergone 4891 treatment consultations reported to be much worse at the end of the study period; and there were no serious neurologic complications reported within the study period. Although the number of patients with an intense adverse event seems high, none of these patients were worse or much worse at the end of the study period; therefore, these adverse events should in no way be misconstrued as a measure or indication of harm or be confused with (the lack of) perceived recovery. In addition, only 2 subjects reported to be much worse at 3 months, when most patients are likely to have completed or discontinued care.
Secondly, regarding "benefits," although many of the subjects had chronic, recurrent neck pain and had undergone prior care for this complaint, many patients experienced benefit from the treatment (based upon diminished pain and disability, the percentage of patients recovered and percentage satisfied with care). Furthermore, many responded relatively quickly to treatment (48% were recovered at the fourth visit); and a significant proportion of patients continued to improve up to 3 months (65%). It is, however, difficult to compare these findings to other studies, especially regarding the rate of recovery and involving other forms of therapy, because both the inclusion criteria and outcome measures may differ. The most similar study is a multicenter study of persistent low back pain treated by chiropractors. [35] Although the pattern of recovery was different, the percentage of patients who became worse was similarly low in both studies.
The results of this study also confirm earlier work that suggests that adverse events are most prevalent at the beginning of treatment and diminish thereafter in frequency. [13-14] This should have clinical consequences for the practitioner, who might choose to modify his/her treatment approach or limit himself/herself to certain interventions at the start of treatment when the patient is more likely to have a reaction. Another important finding was that some of the same symptoms that are often viewed as a consequence of treatment, such as headache, nausea, dizziness, tiredness, or depression, were present in many subjects at baseline. Furthermore, more than one fifth noted that the symptom was severe in intensity at baseline. This underlies the fact that without a proper reference, there is the real potential to erroneously ascribe previously unreported symptoms to the treatment. In fact, according to our study, many of these concomitant symptoms decreased following the first treatment and continued to improve following the second and third treatments. However, the prevalence of these symptoms returned to their baseline values at 3 and 12 months, suggesting either a short-term positive effect of the treatment or placebo effect.
There are some limitations to this study, however. Firstly, in relation to the data collection, the questionnaires used have not been previously validated, although they were modeled after previous side effects studies. [13-14] Furthermore, given the method of data collection in the clinics (ie, close-ended, self-reported questionnaires), the possibility of response bias cannot be ruled out, meaning it is possible that prompting a patient about the presence or absence of a symptom via the questionnaires might have led to overreporting.
Secondly, the lack of a control group means that it cannot be determined whether the observed adverse events or recovery is a response to the treatment or the result of natural history. Although a control group is obviously desirable, studies such as this one are best designed to describe patterns and changes over time, to investigate the relationship between prognostic factors and outcomes, and to identify subgroups most likely to respond to manipulation for investigation in future clinical trials. Additional reports are forthcoming from this data set.
Thirdly, although this was a prospective study, there is also the potential for recall errors because patients were required to remember and report something about a reaction that took place at prior visit(s). However, almost all (90%) of the second visits had taken place shortly following the first visit, whereas most (79%) of the fourth visits took place within a month of the first visit, so this error is likely to be minimal.
Fourthly, because a convenience sampling of chiropractors was used to collect data, it is possible that more cautious and conservative chiropractors participated. However, a comparison of the practice characteristics of the participating chiropractors with the results of a recent study conducted in the Netherlands, [36] and with a relatively recent European study, [37] suggests that participants in this study were sociodemographically similar to their nonparticipating colleagues.
Fifthly, it is possible that those patients deemed by the practitioners likely to have a favorable outcome were more readily recruited. Analysis of recruitment in a sample of 5 of the participating practices revealed that, on average, 78% of the eligible patients were recruited; therefore, recruitment bias was likely to be minimal. Furthermore, practices that saw the highest number of new patients during the recruitment period recruited the fewest eligible patients; therefore, it seems more likely that failure to include individual patients was the result of time constraints in the practices.
Lastly, imaging of the cervical spine was only performed when necessary, at the discretion of the chiropractor. In the Netherlands, few chiropractors have their own radiograph apparatus; and few refer for imaging. Consequently, it is possible that underlying pathology might have been missed by the clinician. However, only one patient was found to have serious pathology; and she was identified at the beginning of the study (based upon history and physical examination) and was excluded from participation. Furthermore, we had a high follow-up rate at the end of the study and no other cases were identified during this period, so this is unlikely to have influenced our results.
Implications for Clinical Practice
Patients respond quickly to care, with the most dramatic improvement occurring in the first 3 treatments. After 3 months, a small percentage will have recurrent symptoms, whereas some will continue to improve; however, most of the patients remain stable. Clinicians should be aware that extended treatment programs might have limited added value when patients do not demonstrate some reasonable improvement by the fourth visit.
Implications for Research
Many symptoms resembling an adverse event were present in nearly all the subjects at baseline and diminished in frequency in the population during the first 3 months. This demonstrates the need to record baseline status for concomitant symptoms to avoid erroneously ascribing their incidence to treatment.
Despite the fact that adverse events following treatment are common, and in some cases severe in intensity, this study shows that the benefits of chiropractic care for neck pain seem to outweigh the potential risks.
Previous articleSafety of Chiropractic Manipulation of the Cervical Spine: A Prospective National Survey
Next articleInappropriate Use of the Title Chiropractor and the Term Chiropractic Manipulation in the Peer-reviewed Biomedical Literature
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U.S. Olympians Elana Meyers Taylor and Angela Ruggiero Pledge to Donate Their Brains to the Concussion Legacy Foundation to Support CTE and Concussion Research
The Treatment of Neck Pain–Associated Disorders and Whiplash-Associated Disorders: A Clinical Practice Guideline
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The mobile application is an application software downloadable and executable on a smartphone, a tablet, a personal assistant or a computer, it is specially developed for mobile electronic devices. Distributed from download platforms, such as the App Store (for Apple branded devices), or Google Play (for Android devices), apps are mostly useful for the end user.
The mobile application market is booming since the appearance of the smartphone and tablets. The mobile web is exploited for any type of need so why not answer directly to the expectations raised by the users?
Once developed, our applications provide intelligent home control, remote heating management, comfort guarantees, budget tracking, understanding and anticipation for a perfect control!
Benefit from an application dedicated to your industry and offer your users a smart and easy-to-use application that allows them to remotely control their installation.
A real interface between the user and its home, 3 levels of global view are offered: from home to device, or from building to home, or from building park to home.
Current and planned modes (presences, absences, holidays…).
Measure temperatures in real time: current ambient temperature, minimum, maximum.
Notifications and news feed warn about an event on installation.
The user leave unexpectedly? Unexpected departure: he switches all the home in Eco mode for maximum savings.
The user comes back sooner? Early return: he switches all the home in Comfort mode to have the right temperature when he is back.
Interact on a building park, a building, a floor, a home, an apartment, an area or a product.
Quickly and easy to programme the heating system, or better, the user is guided, the devices will do it for him.
Apply an operating mode (Auto, Comfort, Eco, Frost protection, Boost).
With a single movement, view consumption in kWh or in £.
3 levels of analysis, home, area or device/building, floor or home/building park, building or home, macro or micro view to satisfy all types of users.
Simple and detailed graphs over a certain period (day, week, month, year), with the real consumption of home, area or device/building, floor or home/building park, building or home.
Comparison with the previous period (jour, semaine, mois, année) pour mieux mesurer les économies réalisées.
To better monitor expenditure, an energy savings assistant integrated in the app advises the user to reduce their energy bill.
Soon: a predictive system of anticipation and optimization of consumption to reduce the home energy expenditure.
Because we developed an upgradeable system, features mentioned can be already available or in development.
With our mobiles applications, common sense goes hand-in-hand with ergonomics, navigation is easy and intuitive, all of which has been invented by listening to you.


text:
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AlertBlock provides JS API for HTML errors/alerts rendering.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


My wife asked me one day as we were driving: "have you ever wondered how you are going to die?"
I tried to ignore her as the traffic was nasty, but as usual, once she gets something into her mind, she wants an answer. I tried to mumble something that would distract her, but you'd think after all these years that I'd know better.
When we came to a stop sign, she turned her beautiful face toward me and said, "Well have you?"
I stayed quiet as I knew from experience that she had something to say. I was right as she then said, "I think I want to die the way your Dad did." He was having breakfast in his backyard under his grapevines and just fell face first onto the table. Mom had gone inside to get him some coffee and was startled by a white dove banging into the window trying to get inside. She went outside looking for the dove and saw a dove with a broken wing fly away when she saw Dad was gone.
That brings goosebumps every time I think about how Dad left this world.
Dad understood Psalm 23 from his heart that cool morning that he met his Shepherd face to face."
Prayer "Help us, Father, to understand Psalm 23 from our hearts so we can have a blessed life and dwell in Your house forever." In Jesus' name, Amen."


text:
1986: Another World's Zane Lindquist died after being shot.
1998: Guiding Light's Dolly the clone after taking an aging formula.
1999: Sunset Beach's Ricardo vowed to get revenge.
2010: General Hospital's Brenda returned.
"The best prophet of the future is the past."
― Lord Byron
"Today in Soap Opera History" is a collection of the most memorable, interesting and influential events in the history of scripted, serialized programs. From birthdays and anniversaries to scandals and controversies, every day this column celebrates the soap opera in American culture.
On this date in...
1967: ABC broadcast Dark Shadows in black and while for the final time. The episode was actually the first one taped in color but ABC aired it in black and white (a Friday episode). Having fainted at the sight of Barnabas Collins (Jonathan Frid), Maggie (Kathryn Leigh Scott) began to remember what happened to her. Before she could reveal Barnabas' vampiric activity, she was placed under a hypnotic spell by Julia Hoffman (Grayson Hall).
1977: The final episode Australian soap opera Number 96 aired on Network Ten. Among its many claims to fame during a successful five-year run, the series was the first in Australia to feature an openly gay character.
1978: On Another World, Pat (Beverly Penberthy) updated Dennis on Rachel's condition. Rachel Cory (Victoria Wyndham) had just given birth to a baby daughter, Amanda, four weeks before her due date.
Thanks to Scott for sending in the item above.
1979: On The Edge of Night, a masked man pulled a gun on Miles (Joel Crothers) at his office.
1980: On Another World, Margo (Judy Cassmore) arrived at Blaine's (Laura Malone) and told her that Buzz Winslow was killed when his car went off a cliff into the river. Blaine remembered Buzz and Jordan fighting which made Margo suspect Blaine didn't think it was an accident. Eric Conger aired for the final time in Another World as Buzz Winslow, a role he originated on June 21, 1978.
1980: On Texas, Bart (Joel Colodner) asked Courtney (Catherine Hickland) if it bothered her that Kevin was married. She replied: "Yes, but not half as much at it bothers him." She later added: "A person can't always live by their principles."
1982: On Days of our Lives, Tom (Macdonald Carey) and Alice (Frances Reid) reminisced and danced to their song, "Always."
1983: On Guiding Light, Nola Reardon (Lisa Brown) had another old movie fantasy, this time with a "Murder on the Orient Express" theme. Quint's (Michael Tylo) Poirot made Nola realize that Bill Bauer might not have committed suicide.
1986: On Another World, Zane Lindquist (Patrick Tovatt) died with his wife, Felicia Gallant, by his side. His final words: "I love you, Fanny Grady. One classy lady."
1997: Talk show The View premiered on ABC Daytime.
1998: On As the World Turns, Molly (Lesli Kay) and David (Daniel Markel) began exchanging vows on The Valetta, and Holden (Jon Hensley) figured out there was a problem with the ship.
1998: On Guiding Light, Dolly the clone died in Reva's (Kim Zimmer) arms.
1999: On All My Children, Myrtle (Eileen Herlie) was floored when Becca revealed that she saw Erica and David kissing at the boathouse.
1999: On Sunset Beach, a hospitalized Ricardo (Hank Cheyne) was fueled to get better by his anger over Gabi and Antonio's deception. Watching them together, Ricardo vowed to himself that he would make them pay.
2003: On The Bold and the Beautiful, just before Macy's (Bobbie Eakes) wedding to Deacon (Sean Kanan), Sally (Darlene Conley) ordered Brooke (Katherine Kelly Lang) to get out of Macy's room, "Get out, Brooke, before I drag you out!" Sally reminded Macy that Brooke would say anything to keep her away from Deacon. The ceremony began, and Macy started down the aisle.
2006: Former daytime talk show host Mike Douglas died on his 81st birthday. He appeared as himself on Knots Landing in 1982.
2010: Vanessa Marcil returned to General Hospital as Brenda Barrett.
2014: Gina Tognoni debuted as Phyllis Summers Newman on The Young and the Restless.
Thanks to Enrique for sending in the item above.
Celebrating a birthday today are:
Millette Alexander (ex-Sara, Guiding Light; ex-Gail/Laura/Julie, The Edge of Night; ex-Maggie, The Doctors; ex-Sylvie, As the World Turns; ex-Sylvie, Our Private World; ex-Gloria, From The Roots) - 85
Hulk Hogan (WWE/WWF; TNA; WCW) - 65
Viola Davis (Annalise, How to Get Away with Murder) - 53
Embeth Davidtz (ex-Rebecca, Mad Men) - 53
Anna Gunn (ex-Skyler, Breaking Bad) - 50
Ashley Jensen (ex-Christina, Ugly Betty) - 49
Chris Messina (ex-Reese, The Newsroom; ex-Ted, Six Feet Under) - 44
Craig Cole (ex-Eric, Prison Break) - 43
Michael Bruno (Judge, I Wanna Be a Soap Star)
Drew Nelson (ex-Robbie, Queer as Folk) - 39
Elisabeth Lund (ex-Lisa, Undressed) - 37
Chris Hemsworth (ex-Kim, Home and Away; ex-Jamie, Neighbours) - 35
Caitlin Harris (ex-Cheryl, The Secret Life of the American Teenager) - 29
Kelsey Bair (Young Associate, The Good Fight; ex-Jesse, Fumbling thru the Pieces)
EDITOR'S NOTE: If you would like to submit a soap history entry for this date or a future date, email editor@welovesoaps.com.
Categories: Another World, Birthdays, Dark Shadows, Days of our Lives, General Hospital, Guiding Light, History, Number 96, Texas, The Bold and the Beautiful, Vanessa Marcil

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The HTC One (M8) max is expected to have a 5.5 inch 1440 x 2560 resolution screen. This would work out to a stunning pixel density of 538ppi. We could see a quad-core 2.7GHz Snapdragon 805 under the hood along with 3GB of RAM inside. If that isn't enough to get the salivary glands to start working, there is talk about an 18MP camera on the back of the device. The rear snapper is said to be equipped with OIS. The rumors also suggest that the phone is made up of an alloy consisting of aluminum and silicon carbide. Android L will be installed out of the box, with HTC's Sense 6.5 running on top.
Are these the devices that HTC will introduce today?


The Leah SUPREME-COMFORT™ Full Sleep Sofa with SlumberAir® Mattress by La-Z-Boy at Conlin's Furniture in the Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota, and Wyoming area. Product availability may vary. Contact us for the most current availability on this product.


This entry was posted on Tuesday, May 6th, 2008 at 14:46	and is filed under Canada, Gardening. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


text:
Stanford women's hoops announces major non-conference matchup with SEC power
Take out your best cardinal red sharpie and go circle Nov. 20 on the calendar.
On that date, Stanford women's basketball will welcome South Carolina to Maples Pavilion for a massive non-conference collision between the Pac-12 and SEC powers. It'll pit the sport's last two national champions against each other. The Stanford program announced the scheduling news on Tuesday.
We think you're gonna like this…
The last two national champions will meet at Maples in November 👀🌲#GoStanford pic.twitter.com/ZaWTuoZ2xC
— Stanford Women's Basketball (@StanfordWBB) July 12, 2022
Stanford went 32-4 this past season, sprinting through Pac-12 play to claim both the regular-season and conference tournament titles. The Cardinal then dispatched Montana State, Kansas, Maryland, and Texas in the NCAA Tournament to book a trip to the Final Four. It was there, however, that Stanford's season came to an end. UConn handed the Cardinal its first loss in 24 games—a 63-58 game that sent the Huskies to the national title to face South Carolina.
The Gamecocks won by 15 to claim the championship.
This will be the ninth meeting all-time between the two programs. Stanford owns a 6-2 record in the series. However, it'll look to avenge a Dec. 21 loss to the Gamecocks in Columbia last year. South Carolina won 65-61 that day, but it would be Stanford's last loss until the Final Four. Both teams enter into the new year expected to once again contend for the crown.
Christian McCaffrey, former Stanford RB, named finalist for impressive NFL honor
Che Ojarikre, elite ATH out of Georgia, announces Pac-12 commitment
Dalton Schultz, former Stanford TE, hauls in first TD of Cowboys-49ers Divisional Round matchup
Stanford Cardinal 2023 football schedule released


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Application for City Board or Commission Appointment
Rules for virtual meetings. Click here to review.
Donald Riegsecker (Republican)
Doug Nisley (Republican)
Matt Schrock (Republican)
Megan Eichorn (Democrat)
Gilberto Pérez Jr. (Democrat)
Brett Weddell (Republican) - President
Julia King (Democrat)
Karen Velzquez Valdes (Youth Adviser)
To learn more about the City Council and ways to contact council members, click here.
Mayor Jeremy Stutsman
Michael Landis (Appointed 7/00)
Mary Nichols (Appointed 11/19)
Barb Swartley (Appointed 5/21)
To learn more about the Board of Public Works & Safety, click here.
The City of Goshen established the Goshen Redevelopment Commission to act as a catalyst for new development in targeted areas. This is done through techniques including real estate acquisition, site preparation, environmental remediation and providing public infrastructure to the site. Annual appointments are made by the Mayor and City Council, and a 2-year liaison is appointed by the School Board.
Andrea Johnson, appointed by Council (term 1/22 - 12/22)
Brett Weddell, appointed by Council (term 1/22 - 12/22)
Bradd Weddell, school liaison appointed by Council (term 1/22 - 12/22)
Brianne Brenneman, appointed by the Mayor (term 1/22 - 12/22)
Steve Brenneman, appointed by the Mayor (term 11/22 - 11/23)
Brian Garber, appointed by the Mayor (1/22 - 12/22)
To learn more about the Redevelopment Commission, click here.
Josh Corwin, City Engineering – Ongoing appointment
Richard Worsham, Board of Public Works and Safety appointment (term 1/23 - 12/23)
Tom Holtzinger, Citizen appointed by Mayor (term 1/22 - 12/25)
Caleb Morris, Citizen appointed by Mayor (term 1/21 - 12/24)
Aracelia Manriquez, Citizen appointed by Mayor (term 1/20 - 12/23)
Hesston Lauver, Citizen appointed by Mayor (term 1/22 - 12/25)
Doug Nisley appointed by Council (term 1/21 - 12/23)
Rolando Ortiz, appointed by Mayor (term 1/23 - 12/26)
James Wellington, appointed by Park Board (term 1/23 - 12/26)
To learn more about Plan Commission, click here.
Hesston Lauver, appointed by Plan Commission (1/22 - 12/25)*
Tom Holtzinger, Chair, appointed by Mayor (1/22 - 12/25)*
Bethany Campbell, appointed by Mayor (1/20 - 12/23)
Michael Potuck, Vice-Chair, appointed by Mayor (1/20 - 12/23)
Lee Rohn, Secretary, appointed by the City Council (1/21 - 12/24)
To learn more about the Board of Zoning Appeals, click here.
* Is a member of the City of Goshen Plan Commission
Board of Building Appeals
JC Schrock, appointed by Mayor (7/18 - 6/20)
Brad Hunsberger. appointed by Mayor (7/15 - 6/17)
Fire Chief, appointed by Mayor
Tim Short, appointed by Council (1/21 - 12/22)
Pete Weddell, appointed by Council (1/21 - 12/22)
Roger Yoder (1/22 - 12/25)
Patty Morgan (1/20 - 12/23)
Dennis Richmond (1/19 - 12/22)
Steve Johnson (1/20 - 12/23)
Jeff Hartzler (1/22 - 12/25)
To learn more about the Board of Aviation, click here.
Cathie Cripe, appointed by the Mayor (1/21 - 12/23)
Glenn Null, appointed by Council (1/21 - 12/23)
Kyle Richardson, appointed by the Mayor (1/23 - 12/25)
Tyrone Malik Cato, appointed by the Mayor (1/21 - 12/23)
Eman Monge, appointed by Council (1/22-12/24)
Sharon Beechey, appointed by Council (1/20 - 12/22)
Lori Copsey, appointed by Council (1/22-12/24)
Casey Kasper-Welles, appointed by the Mayor (1/22-12/24)
Ana Zamora, appointed by the Mayor (1/23 - 12/25)
Tyra Gichobi (Youth Adviser)
Megan Eichorn (City Council Liaison)
To learn more about the Community Relations Commission, click here. To see a full list of commissioners and contact information, click here.
Board of Cemetery Trustees
Pete Weddell (1/20–12/23)
Mary Lou Hetler (1/21–12/24)
Michelle Kercher (1/19–12/22)
James McKee (1/22–12/25)
Colin Yoder (1/22–12/25)
This board meets quarterly, on the first Thursday, 2 p.m., at the City Hall Conference Room.
Aileac Deegan, appointed by Mayor (2/21 - 1/25)
Nick Kieffer, appointed by Mayor (2/22 - 1/26)
Zac Bontrager, appointed by Council (2/20 - 1/24)
Dave Pottinger (Property Owner) - Term 6/1/22 through 5/31/24
Jonathan Wieand (Property Owner) - Term 6/1/22 through 5/31/24
Scott Woldruff (Property Owner) - Term 6/1/22 through 5/31/24
Kare Anderson (Property Owner and Involved in a Business-Olympia Candy Kitchen) – Term 6/1/21 through 5/31/23
Justin Bell (Property Owner and Involved in a Business-The Nut Shoppe, Inc.) – Term 6/1/21 through 5/31/23
The 2023 regular meetings of the Goshen Downtown Economic Improvement District will take place on the first Thursday of each month at 7:30 a.m. in the City Hall Conference Room at 202 S 5th St. To learn more about the Downtown EID, click here.
Mayor's Environmental Advisory Committee
Lewis Naylor
James Loewen
Paul Steury
AJ Delgadillo
Leah Thill (MACOG)
Glenn Gilbert
José Chiquito Galván
Phil Metzler (Adviser)
Briza Tayagua-Delgado (Youth Adviser)
All members of the MEAC are appointed by the Mayor and serve in the capacity of advising the Mayor on issues related to the environment in Goshen.
Jennifer Shell, appointed by the Mayor (1/20 - 12/23)
Bill Veenstra, appointed by the Mayor (2/20 - 12/23)
Jenni Samuel, appointed by the Mayor (1/22 - 12/25)
Roger Nafziger, School Board appointment (1/23 - 12/23)
James Wellington, appointed by the Plan Commission (1/19 - 12/22)
Elizabeth Dilworth (Youth Advisor)
This board meets monthly, on the third Monday, at 4 p.m., at the Goshen Parks and Recreation Office, 524 East Jackson Street Goshen. To learn more about the Parks and Recreation Board, click here.
Shade Tree Board
Greg Imbur, appointed by the Mayor (1/21 - 12/23)
Melanie Helmuth, appointed by Council (1/21 - 12/23)
Emma Conrad, appointed by Council (1/21 - 12/23)
Erin Floyd, appointed by Council (1/22 - 12/24)
Ryan Smith, appointed by Council (1/20 - 12/22)
Doug Yoder, appointed by the Mayor (1/22-12/24)
Matt Schrock (City Council Liaison)
Samara Cleveland (Youth Advisor)
This board meets monthly, on the fourth Monday, 7 p.m., at Rieth Interpretive Center.
Josh Corwin
Brett Weddell
David Gibbs
Mario Mora
Mike Happer
Nick Kieffer
Alan Metcalfe
Evan Bontrager
The Traffic Commission meets every third Thursday of the month at 4:30 p.m. in the Annex Conference Room. To submit traffic-related concerns, please email: engineering@goshencity.com.
To learn more about the Mayor's Art Council, click here.
Mayor's Latino Advisory Committee
Richard Aguirre
Rocio Diaz
Rosa Alba
Jose Elizalde
Daisy Loera
Virginia Munoz
Ignacio Zepeda
Manuel Cortez
Felipe Merino
All members of the MLAC are appointed by the Mayor and serve in the capacity of advising the Mayor on issues related to the Latino community in Goshen.


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Q: Convert a yyyy-mm-dd to other date format in Javascript I am trying to convert "1983-24-12" to December 24, 1983 using Javascript.
Do we have any ready made function in Javascript which makes this conversion same as simpledateformat in Java?
I am trying to avoid taking months in Arrays and then do the manipulation.
My Code is as below.
//For Date Format
    months = ["", "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June",           "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December"];
    dob = responseObj.data.personDetail.birthDate.split('-');
    month = months[dob[1]];
    responseObj.data.personDetail.birthDate = month +" "+dob[2] +","+dob[0];

Kindly help.

A: If you don't want to use a library why not just split the date string and concoct your own date?
var str_date = "1983-24-12",
    arr_date = str_date.split('-'),
    months   = ['', 'January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December'];

alert(months[arr_date[2]] + ' ' + arr_date[1] + ', ' + arr_date[0]);

Demo: http://jsfiddle.net/9xeBZ/
JavaScript has the Date() object: https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date
The problem is that the JavaScript Date() object will not return a string representation of a month. So at some point you will have to create that logic yourself. Also the format you posted ("1983-24-12") is an invalid format for parsing with the Date() object.

A: This might help: Date Format Conversion

A: If I understand you right, you are trying to reformat your date for which a quick google search brought up this http://blog.stevenlevithan.com/archives/date-time-format which looks like what you want.

A: EDIT: Since you mentioned that you're using Sencha, you can use Ext.Date to add advanced date formatting and parsing:

A set of useful static methods to deal with date Note that if Ext.Date is required and loaded, it will copy all methods / properties to this object for convenience.

You can find more information here: http://docs.sencha.com/ext-js/4-0/#!/api/Ext.Date
The two methods you might find useful are parse and format

Alternatively, JQuery UI's DatePicker widget implements a very robust date parser and formatter, which can be used in your own code like this:
var parsedDate = $.DatePicker.parseDate("yy-m-d", "1983-24-12");
var outputString = $.DatePicker.formatDate("MM d, yy", parsedDate);
// outputString = "December 24, 1983"

The relevant functions here are parseDate and formatDate.
There is one problem though, to use this you'll have to include both JQuery and JQuery UI as scripts in your code, which is probably a little excessive for what you need, and the other answers may perhaps suit your needs better.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


At present, optical bus systems are used mainly to achieve high data transmission rates in luxury automobiles. However, optical buses are likely to find broader use in view of the increase in data volumes that generally require processing in automobiles. For that reason fibre optics is an important topic for today's trainees and will be met with more and more frequently on the job. Our training system has been designed so that trainees can distinguish between open and closed loops and classify them in accordance with their electronic systems.


Traditional lessons in the classroom (32 hours). The attendance is not compulsory but, for statistical means, it wil be anyway monitored.
The course will be given in english on request (the slides are in english).
The oral exam is always carried out by two teachers with at least 5 years of experience and will last at least 30 minutes. In this way, the commission is definitely able to verify with high accuracy if the student has reached or not the learning outcomes.
During the oral exam the student must demonstrate to have reached the learning outcomes, both orally and (most importantly) writing formulas, chemical equations, mechanisms.
When the commission will judge that the learning oucomes have not been reached, the students willbe invited to repeat the exam in one of the subsequent dates.
From october, 23, 2017 (according to the timetable that will be reported on www.ctc.unige.it).
The teacher is always present in the Department between 8.00 and 13.00 and 15.00 and 18.30 (except in august). The students can come to speak with him in any moment, unless he is engaged in other isntitutional activities. However, it is highly advised to arrange an appointment by E-mail, in order to be sure to find him free.


The Winnipeg Chamber of Commerce handed out their Spirit of Winnipeg Awards at a gala event Friday night.
The awards were given to six recipients to recognize businesses that exemplify innovation and entrepreneurship. A panel of judges narrowed down nominations from the Winnipeg business community and chose the following companies for their innovative accomplishments.


It's the vast community of bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and other lifeforms that live in our bodies that are our friends. In fact, science has recently learned that we couldn't even function without them. We need them just as much as they need us. This understanding changes everything.
Using new diagnostic and exploratory tools, this "new interconnected pathway" is quickly becoming the new foundation of allopathic medicine.
"If you have a toxic body of water, simply adding more fish will lead to more dead fish." We learn how toxicity needs to be resolved before adding probiotics to the gut.


I am trying to migrate to a fresh CWP server build running MariaDB 10.1 from the old one running MySQL 5.1.
I successfully setup remote backup to transfer all the \home directories and DBs then restored them each successfully through phpMyAdmin and the restore backup tab. After restoring all the databases and user directories everything seems fine but I can't get Apache to start properly as it thinks the users don't exist "Starting httpd: httpd: bad user name xxxxxx".
If I clear the vHosts file Apache starts correctly and if I create a new user on the server and only list that in vHosts there are no problems.
If I try and delete one of the restored users it says "userdel: user 'xxxxxx' does not exist" "User Account Removal FAILED! User account folder still exists!" it seems like this a suphp/suexec problem but this is getting to the limit of my experience level.
Does anyone have a possible solution? I feel like it is probably very simple and i'm very close but I just simply don't have the knowledge yet to know where to look.
Love the project and appreciate your work.
Were you ever able to find a solution to this question?


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Opinion > InOtherWords
Toast with KY Jelly
by Todd Neale April 1, 2011
On this April Fools' Day, it's important to remember that even in the most serious of jobs -- or maybe especially in the most serious of jobs -- there is a need for some levity. A new website -- FunnySurgeryStories.com -- brings that concept to the OR.
The website was launched in early March with the idea of providing a place for doctors, nurses, and others who work in the operating room to share funny work stories.
It has three main sections -- an on-going "soap-opera" podcast called "As the Scalpel Slices," a section where users can upload video stories, and a section for user-submitted written stories.
The site is HIPAA-compliant and was created by "entrepreneur and surgical device inventor" Julie Ryan, according to a press release.
"I've seen firsthand how dedicated surgery personnel and physicians are, how stressful their lives can be and how humor is used to relieve stress. Some of the best jokes and stories come out of the OR," she said in the release.
As the site is just getting started, there isn't much content yet, but I think it's a great idea and hope it grows in popularity. Here are three of my favorite written stories (although I'm skeptical about the veracity of some of them):
"I was visiting the hospital where I worked on my day off when I ran into a fellow co-worker. We were both waiting for the elevator. When I said 'Hello!' I could tell she didn't recognize me but all of a sudden the light bulb came on and she blurted out, 'Oh Linda. I didn't recognize you with your clothes on!' We then had to explain to all the other visitors/patients that we worked in the OR and we usually see each other in the scrubs and hair bonnets etc."
"I was performing rounds at the hospital one morning and while checking up on a man, I asked, 'So how's your breakfast this morning?' 'It's very good except for the Kentucky Jelly. I can't seem to get used to the taste,' Bob replied. I then asked to see the jelly and Bob produced a foil packet labeled 'KY Jelly.'"
"A neurosurgeon from Brussels doing his fellowship at our hospital watched as one of the notorious attending neurosurgeons walked through the room being greeted by each person. He asked in his beautiful accent, 'Dr. X. I understand they call you Will, Willy, William, and Bill. But tell me. Where do they get Dick from?'"


Join us Saturday, March 23 from 9:30 a.m. - 12:00 p.m. for an Adopt-a-Block neighborhood clean-up event and get a sweet reward! The Milk Shake Factory (Oakland location) is generously offering free milkshakes to all participating volunteers.
Volunteers gather one Saturday per month to pick up litter along designated blocks in Central and South Oakland. Help make Oakland a cleaner, stronger, and healthier neighborhood for everyone and instill a sense of pride in the Oakland community.
Please meet at our office - located at 235 Atwood Street - to receive instructions.


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Prairie View Golf Club
Wood Wind Golf Club
Elwood Golf Links
Prestwick Country Club
Mystic Hills Golf Club
Harrison Hills Golf Club
The Golf Club at Eagle Pointe
Golf Operations
Caddie Program
Cohoat and O'Neal Golf Management
Prairie View Golf Club conducts another successful IHSAA Girls Golf State Final Championship
October 11, 2019 by acohoat
Carmel, IN (October 10, 2019) — Last week, Prairie View Golf Club played host to the 47th annual IHSAA Girls Golf State Finals to rave reviews. Over 1,200 spectators watched 100 girls from 38 schools compete on a championship course that was in the best shape of the season. 40 volunteers assisted staff from the club, the IHSAA, and the Cohoat & O'Neal management team to produce another event of the highest quality. The championship was webstreamed on Saturday via IHSAA.org
"This event was outstanding in so many ways," said "Doc" O'Neal, Chief Operating Officer for Cohoat and O'Neal Management. "Service, staff, golf course, weather, food, merchandise, attendance, practice range, presentation of the grounds, the award ceremony – it's a special lifetime memory for all of these young ladies and their families that they will treasure this for the rest of their lives."
First-time team champions Homestead defeated defending champion (and winners of the last four out of five state finals) Evansville North by 15 shots. Individual champion sophomore Evansville North's Faith Johnson fired 73-69 to win by 2 strokes over Homestead's Madison Dabagia. Madison's older sister, senior Morgan Dabagia, finished in a tie for individual third place and was voted as Mental Attitude winner. For complete results, click here.
We think the C&O team knocked it out of the park, but don't take our word for it. Here's what leaders in Indiana golf had to say about the championship:
"I frequently am asked about our state finals venues and the quality of each site. Prairie View is at the top of that list due to the care and investment your team places into the facility. Coupled with your hospitality, our golf state finals rank among the best in the nation."
–Bobby Cox, Commissioner
Indiana High School Athletic Association, Inc.
"We are proud to call Prairie View the home of the state championship! Our goal is to provide the very best venue and experience for the student-athletes. No question this goal is attained with all your work and professionalism. I was able to talk to many college coaches in attendance and they all expressed (social media included) the same thoughts…the fantastic course, the format, the quality of players, all make for what they consider to be, one of the finest championships."
–Chris C. Kaufman, Assistant Commissioner
"In my opinion, championships should feel different from other tournaments held throughout the year by creating an atmosphere that is unique and special for the players and coaches. In addition, championship tournaments should be a tough test of golf and played on a golf course that is manicured and maintained to high standards. Prairie View GC does exactly all of this for the participants, coaches and families involved in the state championship."
–Brent Nicoson, Head Coach
University of Indianapolis
"Coming from out of state (Kentucky) and having no prior connection to Indiana's High School State Finals, I was shocked with the presentation and professionalism of the event. I don't think there is a more well-run high school golf state finals in the nation. Kudos to Prairie View and the IHSAA."
–John Raque, Assistant Tournament Director
Indiana Golf Office
If you have questions, please contact one the following members of the Cohoat and O'Neal Management team:
"Doc" O'Neal doneal@cohoatandoneal.com Chief Operating Officer
Colin O'Neal coneal@cohoatandoneal.com Director of Operations
Jake Peacock jake@prairieviewgc.com Prairie View Golf Club PGA Head Professional
Lisa Morrissett lmorrissett@cohoatandoneal.com Director of Customer Services
Grayson Wittbroad of Cohoat & O'Neal Caddie Program Awarded Evans Scholarship
Grayson Wittbrod has participated in the Cohoat and O'Neal Caddie Program since 2016. His character and work ethic made him an outstanding applicant and now recipients for the Evans Scholarship.
C&O to host Evans Scholarship Benefit Party
Cohoat and O'Neal is pleased to host our annual Evans Scholar Benefit party on Thursday, March 12th at Prairie View Golf Club.
C&O begins management of The Golf Club at Eagle Pointe
As of December 1st, Cohoat and O'Neal is pleased to take on management and operations of The Golf Club at Eagle Pointe (Bloomington, IN).
C&O adds Harrison Hills to list of Managed Courses
As of September 1st, Cohoat and O'Neal is excited to add Harrison Hills (Attica, IN) to the list of courses we proudly manage and operate.
Prairie View Golf Club conducts another successful IHSAA Girls State Golf Championship
Last week, Prairie View Golf Club played host to the 47th annual IHSAA Girls Golf State Finals to rave reviews.
Prairie View's Gavin accepts new position
After four years with Prairie View Golf Club, Senior Assistant Professional Ben Gavin has accepted a new position as an assistant professional with the Fort Wayne Country Club.
For inquiries on our services
Type of Services *
2750 East 146th St Ste 200-B,
Copyright © 2021 Cohoat and O'Neal Golf Management All Rights Reserved.


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Jessica Alba, Mickey Rourke & Joseph-Gordon Levitt Get Sin City: A Dame To Kill For Images
A trailer for Sin City: A Dame To Kill For is coming very soon, but ahead of that we've got three images from the long-awaited sequel, featuring Jessica Alba, Mickey Rourke and Joseph-Gordon Levitt.
Here's the synopsis: 'Nine years after the box-office smash SIN CITY, the stories of the notorious city dwellers resume in the hugely anticipated sequel SIN CITY: A DAME TO KILL FOR.
Boasting an all-star cast led by Joseph Gordon-Levitt (Inception, The Dark Knight Rises), Eva Green (Dark Shadows), Juno Temple (Killer Joe), Jessica Alba (Sin City, Fantastic Four), Bruce Willis (Looper) and Josh Brolin (Old Boy), this next installment promises to take audiences on a visceral ride into the twisted minds of Frank Miller's unforgettable characters.
'Co-directors Robert Rodriguez and Frank Miller reunite to bring Miller's visually stunning "Sin City" graphic novels back to the screen in SIN CITY: A DAME TO KILL FOR. Weaving together two of Miller's classic stories with new tales, the town's most hard boiled citizens cross paths with some of its more reviled inhabitants. SIN CITY: A DAME TO KILL FOR is the follow-up to Rodriguez and Miller's 2005 ground-breaking film, FRANK MILLER'S SIN CITY.
'Lionsgate UK will release SIN CITY: A DAME TO KILL FOR in UK cinemas nationwide on 29 August 2014'
ACTORS: Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Mickey Rourke, jessica Alba DIRECTORS: Robert Rodriguez, Frank Miller FILMS: Sin City: A Dame To Kill For
Filed Under: GENERAL MOVIE NEWS & TRAILERS


One of the most important goals of dental professionals is to make patients feel as comfortable and relaxed as possible, and equipment leasing is one of the best ways to do this. Through updated equipment and comfortable office furniture, you can update your dental practice into a calming, serene setting. From the waiting room to the exam chair, you can procure the stylish furniture and the most modern medical technology without tying up your cash and resources.
With dental equipment leasing, you can create a flexible financing program that will allow your office to obtain the equipment and supplies it needs. From Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Orthodontics to Pediatric Dentistry and Sedation Dentistry, the options are endless. When leasing dental equipment, you won't have to worry about the large amount of debt purchasing leaves behind and you aren't tied to equipment. Your reputation and your patients' health will benefit from keeping your dental equipment up to date.
Just a few of the dental pieces available to rent are dental chairs, examining room equipment, dental x-ray machines, lab equipment for dentistry and office storage and cabinetry. Be sure to take the time to find the right dental equipment leasing plan for your business. Leasing offers many advantages for both your practice and your patients, so consider dental equipment leasing the next time it's time to buy or upgrade your equipment.


« Maine weather: When will it be better?
This year for Flavors of Freeport, Ruth made Nanaimo Bars – a no-bake, layered cookie, with chocolate (how can you not love a no-bake bar with chocolate?). It was a huge hit – with one lady coming back five (we counted!) times for more!
cracker crumbs, coconut and almonds. Press firmly into an ungreased 8×8 pan.
Refrigerate while making next layer.
Thanks, Joel!! I was just talking to an innkeeper today who asked me if these were "freezable" and I told her I wasn't sure as they never lasted that long around here! 🙂 Shall pass along the note!


Shop for standing jewelry armoire online at Target. Free shipping on purchases over 35 and save 5% every day with your Target REDcard.Shop for bedroom furniture at IKEA. Find furniture for your bedroom from beds to bed frames mattresses wardrobes and more in lots of style at low prices.Find a slim jewelry cabinet with high-quality mirror that fits over 500 pieces of jewelry. Perfect for small jewele comes with a lock and key and is available in 3 finishes.
Store over 200 pieces of jewelry in our Cynthia Over-The-Door Jewelry Cabinet with Mirror. The Cynthia Over-The-Door Jewelry Cabinet with Mirror has 3 swing-out trays to hold small findings extra earring posts loose charms or pieces that can be easily lost.IKEA Home furnishings kitchens appliances sofas beds mattressesFREE SHIPPING AVAILABLE Shop JCPenney.com and save on Jewelry & Watches.


Bordered by Upper Middle Road to the north, Mainway to the south, Appleby Line to the west and Burloak to the east.
The Corporate neighbourhood is a terrific community with townhouses, semis and low-rise condos, perfect for downsizers and first-time homebuyers. The neighbourhood backs onto the Sheldon Creek Woodlot. The majority of residents are under 50 with children under 9 accounting for 14%. Average household income is between $80,000 and $115,000.
Short drive to shops and restaurants. Minutes from major highways and the Appleby GO Station.


Jerral James Holden of Caballo, New Mexico peacefully passed away December 3, 2018 at the age of 76, in his home. Jerral was born in Oklahoma City on September 26, 1942.
Jerral was raised on the family ranch in Caballo, New Mexico. Once he retired from White Sands Missile Range, he and Nina (wife of 45 years), purchased a home in Caballo. He loved gold panning, treasure hunting, working with wood, hunting, gardening and anything he could do outdoors and with his hands. He was a collector of many things, but his coin collection was his most treasured.
Jerral was drafted into the US Army soon after graduating high school, and proudly served his country in the Vietnam War as an infantryman in the 1st Division.
Jerral was met at heavens gates by his wife Nina Mae Holden of 45 years, his daddy Joel J Holden "Joe Buck", step mom Beulah Holden, sister Kathleen Hills and brother in law Earl Hills, sister Patricia Spitzer and step father Charles Crockett.
He left here on earth his step son, James Justin Tharp (Jay) and his wife Dina, of Las Cruces, New Mexico; his two granddaughters: Cheyenne Molinar and husband Kurtis of San Antonio, Texas and Dakota Lopez and husband Greg, of Las Cruces, New Mexico; his two Great Grandsons, Kason James Molinar and Braxton Blaine Lopez; his mother Madiline Crockett; sister Betty Nuanes and her daughter Bree Jaramillo and his niece Joleen Baughman and her daughter Lana and son Tyler.
Jerral loved his granddaughters and great grandsons. They were the highlight of each and every day. When the girls sent text messages with videos of the boys, Jerral (granddad) would watch the videos over and over. If he was having a bad day, he would just watch videos of the boys and smile. He loved his great grandsons so much and even when his health was failing he always did everything he could to spend time with them. His day was not complete until he said goodnight to the grand girls, great grand boys and son Justin.
Jerral (granddad) will be greatly missed by all who had the privilege of meeting him.
Cremation has taken place and Jerral will be laid to rest at the Caballo Cemetery on Saturday, December 8, 2018 at 11:00 A.M. at a Graveside Services officiated by Rev. Thomas P. Jones. The family would like everyone to join them at the Caballo Church, 14664 NM-187, Caballo, NM directly following the services.
You will be dearly missed Uncle Jerral. I love you, but I know your heart was to broken to live on without Nina. Rest in Peace.
Deeply saddened to hear of your passing. Wish we could have had that cup of coffee. Your Son.
So grateful to have been able to spend time with Jerral and his family prior to his passing. He always enjoyed teasing me - and that will be sorely missed. You were a good man on this earth and I suspect you'll be an even better angel in heaven.


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California politics news feed
Governor's race
U.S. Senate race
California lawmakers seek to block bots from grabbing state park reservations
Campers are having trouble getting reservations at state parks. (Oscar Vasquez / California State Parks)
Californians hoping to reserve campsites at state parks may find them all booked up.
That's because the electronic reservation system is being gamed by private operators who use computer software "bots" to snap up campsites for weeks in advance before selling them at a premium on the web.
On Friday, state lawmakers sent the governor a bill that bans using the state park service reservation system for profit without first getting approval from the Department of Parks and Recreation.
California Senate panel blocks bill to require more scrutiny of Cadiz water project
Scott Slater, president and general counsel of Cadiz Inc. watches as water pours out into a spreading basin on April 18, 2012. (Al Seib / Los Angeles Times)
A last-ditch effort to impose additional environmental review on a controversial groundwater pumping project in the Mojave Desert sputtered Friday night after a key state Senate committee held the bill over concerns about legislative process.
The measure, Senate Bill 120, would have given the state Lands Commission and Department of Fish and Wildlife the authority to study the project by Cadiz Inc. to make sure the pumping would not harm surrounding lands.
A similar measure was shelved by the Senate last year. Sen. Richard Roth (D-Riverside) revived the proposal in recent days using a legislative maneuver called a gut-and-amend, or inserting a new policy into an existing, unrelated bill.
California lawmakers pass bill designed to combat President Trump's tax plan
Sen. Kevin de León (D-Los Angeles) (Rich Pedroncelli / Associated Press)
State legislators approved a measure Friday that aims to help California taxpayers who face larger federal tax payments following the Trump administration's recent overhaul.
The bill would allow taxpayers to claim a charitable deduction for state tax payments above the $10,000 limit set in the tax cuts passed by Congress last year. But the Internal Revenue Service announced last week that it believed such plans, which other states have passed, were tax dodges, and is working to pass a rule that would nullify them by the end of the year.
The author of the bill, state Sen. Kevin de León (D-Los Angeles), said the passage of the measure was worth it for state taxpayers, even though it would lead to litigation between the state and federal government.
California would bar immigration arrests inside courthouses under bill sent to Gov. Jerry Brown
ICE agents detain a suspect inside Fresno County Superior Court in July. (Pablo Lopez / Fresno Bee)
A proposal that would prohibit immigration arrests at state courthouses was sent to Gov. Jerry Brown on Friday, part of a broader move by Democrats to ensure public institutions remain "safe zones" for immigrants without legal status.
The approval comes as concerns continue to rise over the presence of federal immigration agents in courtrooms across the country. The latest such arrest to spark criticism took place this month in Sacramento.
"Civil arrests in our courthouses interrupt the administration of justice and hurt all those who use our courts — crime victims, survivors of sexual abuse and domestic violence, and witnesses who are aiding law enforcement," bill author Sen. Ricardo Lara (D-Bell Gardens) said.
California won't link its electricity grid with other states as lawmakers reject pet project of Gov. Jerry Brown
(Rich Pedroncelli / Associated Press)
The leader of the California Senate said Friday that she would delay a closely watched proposal to link oversight of the state's vast electrical power grid to those in neighboring states.
Senate President Pro Tem Toni Atkins (D-San Diego) released a terse statement saying the bill would not be brought up for a vote before the Legislature's final adjournment at midnight.
"We will continue this important discussion next year," Atkins said.
By Mini Racker
California legislators pass measure that would require all rape kits to be tested soon after collection
Rape kits from 2017. (Rick Bowmer / Associated Press)
A bill sent to the governor on Friday would require the swift testing of all rape kits in California.
Under Senate Bill 1449 by state Sen. Connie M. Leyva (D-Chino), law enforcement would have to send DNA evidence collected in every sexual assault case to a crime lab within 20 days. The lab would then need to process the evidence within four months, or send it to another lab within one month.
California currently has thousands of untested rape kits. Officials sometimes skip testing when it would not help an investigation — when a victim drops charges or a suspect has already pleaded guilty, for example. But failing to test the kits could cause law enforcement to miss connections to previous crimes, supporters of the bill argue.
"All survivors deserve to have their rape kits tested promptly, which in turn can help ensure justice for survivors, identifying serial perpetrators and even exonerating the wrongfully convicted," Assemblyman David Chiu (D-San Francisco) said.
California lawmakers send net neutrality proposal to the governor
Proponents of net neutrality protest against Federal Communication Commission Chairman Ajit Pai in May in Washington. (Chip Somodevilla / Getty Images)
Nearly nine months after federal regulators voted to do away with net neutrality rules instituted under the Obama administration, state lawmakers are on the verge of bringing them back to California.
The state Senate on Friday sent a broad proposal to Gov. Jerry Brown that would prevent broadband and wireless companies from favoring some websites over others by charging for faster speeds and from blocking, throttling or otherwise hindering access to content.
At a press conference later that day, lawmakers said California should be setting the national standard on internet policy and vowed to persuade the governor to sign the legislation, calling it vital to the state's resistance to the Trump administration.
By Melanie Mason
California state senator admonished after woman complains he gave her an unwanted 'noogie'
State Sen. John Moorlach, R-Costa Mesa (Rich Pedroncelli/Associated Press)
A California state senator has been admonished for violating the Senate's code of conduct after a woman complained he put her in a headlock and gave her a "noogie" during a reception.
According to documents released by the Senate Rules Committee on Friday, Sen. John Moorlach (R-Costa Mesa) was the subject of a June complaint by a woman who said he grabbed her, put his arm around her neck and gave her a "noogie" while taking a photo at a reception for GOP lawmakers sponsored by a healthcare advocacy group.
An investigator hired by the Senate determined that Moorlach acted in a way that bothered the woman, who was identified only as a member of the public who worked for the healthcare group.
California legislators advance bill to set strongest net neutrality protections in U.S.
California lawmakers advanced an ambitious proposal Thursday to prevent broadband providers from hindering or manipulating access to the internet, bringing the state closer to enacting the strongest net neutrality protections in the country.
California lawmakers vote to impose limits on restraining students
Assemblywoman Shirley Weber (D-San Diego), who authored AB 2657. (Brian van der Brug / Los Angeles Times)
Legislators approved a bill Thursday that would allow school officials to restrain or seclude students only if they pose an imminent threat to themselves or others.
Assembly Bill 2657 would prevent teachers from restraining students, drugging them or putting them in seclusion as a form of punishment or coercion. It would also make it illegal to restrict students' breathing or to keep them in a prone position with their hands behind their backs.
While existing regulations protect students from corporal punishment, they do not specify when teachers can use other practices to control students. Some of them, including restraining a student lying on the ground, carry risks of long-term trauma or death, according to the U.S. Government Accountability Office.
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The future is now: 10 startups leading the way in 'big data'
Christina Farr
Image Credit: Tellapart
"Big data" isn't just an enterprise trend. It's a technological innovation that is already making a difference in your life.
Police are mixing crime data and sociological information to anticipate incidences of crime. A small cadre of scientists in Silicon Valley is harnessing genetics data to detect early signs of disease. For business owners and harried IT executives, it's easy feel overwhelmed with the flood of so-called big data options on the market. That is, if you buy into the trend at all.
"Big Data" is one of the main themes of CloudBeat 2012, VentureBeat's upcoming conference highlighting real cases of revolutionary cloud adoption. We'll explore organizations' current issues with huge datasets as well as the many solutions that vendors provide to these problems. Confirmed participants include Metamarkets, Cloudera, and Qubole. CloudBeat happens November 28-29 in Redwood City, Calif. Register today!
We believe it's time to cut through the hype and show you some cool companies that use big data to further research in the fields of healthcare, law, government, and education. To assemble our inaugural list of 10 standout companies, we spoke with investors, analysts, and experts.
We narrowed it down to some ground-breaking favorites who helped define the field. You'll notice that the companies cover a lot of ground — we anointed a leader in every category, such as data science, business intelligence, data visualization and analytics. We also threw a few impressive newcomers into the mix as well.
Meet our inaugural list of big data companies that are exploiting data in ways that you wouldn't expect.
Data as a Service/Metamarkets
Above: Michael Driscoll, Metamarkets' CEO.
It's been one heck of a year for Metamarkets, a startup that analyses things like tweets, payments, and check-ins for online publishers and web companies to better answer questions like: "Why are customers canceling their memberships?" or "How are users moving through the site?"In the spring, investors clamored to pour money into the San Francisco-based company, which currently has about $23 million in the bank. Aside from being freshly minted with venture funding, here's why Metamarkets makes our shortlist.
It took guts to down an offer from Twitter: Michael Driscoll, who was Metamarkets' chief technology officer at the time, wouldn't back down from his vision to build a bigger company.
It has some cool customers: The technology sees use from digital media companies like the Financial Times and AOL, who need to get better insights on the value of their ad inventory.
"At the customer level, we've learned to paint our product in more emotional and less technological terms. Ultimately, big data and its technologies are not the story, it's about helping people do their job better," says Driscoll, who is now Metamarkets' chief executive.
It has one straight-talkin' CEO: Driscoll told me that we need to reexamine all the hoopla around Hadoop, the open-source computing software that is leveraged by companies like Twitter to store terrabytes of tweets per day: "It's a service, not a solution," he said. Driscoll told me he looks up to Aaron Levie, the 20-something CEO of cloud storage startup Box. He told me we need more founders who are willing to bring a natural-born salesman's brand of personality and smarts to enterprise.
The technology is designed to be easy to use: Metamarkets provides a packaged Software-as-a-Service application so customers can get up and running in a few days. It scales as customer data volumes grow.
Bonus: Don't miss Driscoll's appearance at VentureBeat's upcoming CloudBeat conference.
Data Visualization/Tableau
Above: Christian Chabot, CEO of Tableau
Tableau is a data visualization startup that appears on nearly every list of hot big data startups, but it hasn't raised a funding round in four years. It is one of the small cadre of companies that are responsible for putting data visualization on the map. Here's why Tableau made our shortlist.
It doesn't need your VC cash: The startup's last funding round in 2008 was for $10 million. It hasn't taken a dime since then, and it's on the road to profitability.
It's changing the way we consume digital media: Tableau is a favorite for media folk experimenting with new ways to use data in their stories. Tableau offers a tool that lets anyone create gorgeous charts and maps for free, no programming expertise required. Reporters at the Wall Street Journal and the Huffington Post use it.
It's putting data in the hands of people who need it: Big data can be useful for everybody in many ways — it's not just a money-making tool for businesses. By putting this tool into the hands of a nonprofit like government watchdog California Common Sense (a current customer), Tableau's software is analyzing volumes of political data to expose fraud and inconsistencies so voters can make informed, data-driven decisions before they vote.
Eat your heart out, Google: "Our mission, to help people everywhere see and understand data, isn't all that different from Google's," Christian Chabot, the company's cofounder and chief executive, told VentureBeat.
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A pick-up from the emergency room or other medical facility is, likewise, the responsibility of the employee by making arrangements for personal transport through a family member, friend, or cab/bus.
The medically related and transport services of the Health Center, First Responders, and Security and Safety are provided for students. In a serious emergency these offices/programs will assist an employee until the Rescue Squad can take over but should not be expected to be the primary assistance service for employees.
* Exceptions may be warranted due to family relationships. An employee who is leaving to provide transport for another employee must have approval from his/her supervisor and provides the transport as a personal matter, not as part of his/her work, and is on his/her own time. For instance, if two family members both work for the University and are both at work when one of them needs transport, the other employee may be released from work by the supervisor to provide the transport on his/her own time.


BRUSSELS - Euro zone finance ministers, locked in marathon overnight talks, inched towards approving a second bailout for debt-laden Greece that would resolve Athens' immediate repayment needs but seems unlikely to revive the nation's shattered economy.
Agreement on a 130-billion-euro rescue package with strict conditions would draw a line under months of uncertainty that has shaken the currency bloc, and avert an imminent bankruptcy.After 11 hours of talks, ministers had found ways to cut Greece's debt to between 123 and 124 percent of gross domestic product by 2020, but were pressing for more. Negotiators for private bondholders had offered to accept a bigger loss to help plug the funding gap, senior officials said.
A report prepared for ministers by EU, European Central Bank and IMF experts, obtained exclusively by Reuters, said Greece would need extra relief to cut its debts to the official target of 120 percent of GDP by 2020 given the ever-worsening state of its economy.


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Tag Archives: new england wild flower society
Building a Stronger Coast — One Seed at a Time
Seeds of Success, a native seed collection program led by the Bureau of Land Management, is helping to restore and strengthen coastal areas vulnerable to intense storms and sea-level rise predicted with a changing climate.
Seeds of Success: A Bureau of Land Management intern on the lookout for native seeds in a North Carolina field. Credit: Amanda Faucette, Conservation Botanist, North Carolina Botanical Garden
Seeds of Success (SOS) collects wildland native seed for research, development, germplasm conservation and ecosystem restoration. The ultimate goal is to ensure the availability of genetically rich, regionally adapted native plant materials to restore, rehabilitate and stabilize lands in the United States through the multi-stage process of native plant material development (NPMD). NPMD begins with these wildland seed collections being utilized for plant production and seed increases. In this way, when environmental restoration projects need native species to plant in a given region, they are able to source genetically and ecologically appropriate materials, which ultimately supports the goal of allowing native plant communities to flourish and fish and wildlife habitats to thrive.
Michael Piantedosi, NEPCop/Seed Bank Coordinator of New England Wild Flower Society collects Asclepias syriaca at Great Bay National Wildlife Refuge in Newington, New Hampshire. Credit: James Lucas, Seeds of Success Intern, New England Wild Flower Society
Since being established in 2001, SOS has added more than two dozen agencies to its list of collaborators and project partners — including the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The program recently launched the first large-scale, coordinated seed banking effort in the eastern United States as part of the $360 million in federal Hurricane Sandy mitigation funding the Department of the Interior is using to restore and rebuild national parks, national wildlife refuges, and other federal assets on the Atlantic coast. SOS East targets 30-50 foundation species found in habitats most impacted by Hurricane Sandy, designed to increase the capacity of coastal habitats and infrastructure to better withstand storms.
Under the SOS East program, the New England Wild Flower Society, North Carolina Botanical Garden, Mid-Atlantic Regional Seed Bank (part of the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation), Chicago Botanic Garden, and the Cape May Plant Materials Center, are collaborating to provide seed from native, locally adapted plants for restoration of sub-tidal habitats and dunes, wetlands, salt marshes, near-coastal freshwater habits, coastal forests, and inland rivers and streams. Much of the vegetation in these habitats was inundated by salt water, smothered sand, or washed out to sea during Hurricane Sandy.
BLM Intern collecting Pluchea odorata (Sweetscent) at Edwin Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, Galloway, New Jersey. Credit: Clara Holmes, Seed Collection Coordinator, Mid Atlantic Regional Seed Bank
During the next two years, SOS East will work directly with the Service, providing native seeds to supplement Hurricane Sandy habitat resiliency projects. In its first collection season, teams have made over 700 wild seed collections. Currently 28 federally funded Service Hurricane Sandy restoration projects from Maine to Virginia are using native plant materials gathered through SOS. Among these is the Hyde Pond Dam Removal on Whitford Brook in Mystic, Connecticut.
"Following dam removal, project partners will sow these seeds collected from local, native plants on bare soil to help hold the soils in place, preempt colonization by invasive, non-native plants, and provide habitat for pollinator insects, birds, and other wildlife," says Service fish and wildlife biologist Lori Benoit.
Benoit says the New England Wild Flower Society will make a significant contribution to restoring the wetlands and forest surrounding the Hyde Pond Dam site.
Another Service project reaping the benefits of the SOS East project is salt marsh restoration and enhancement at Seatuck and Wertheim National Wildlife Refuges, and Lido Beach Wildlife Management Area in Long Island, N.Y. Collaborating with the Mid-Atlantic Regional Seed Bank (MARSB), project partners will sow native low and high salt marsh plant species.
Seeds of Success interns harvesting marsh grass seeds at Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge, Delaware. Credit: Susan Guiteras/USFWS
In addition to benefiting coastal natural resources, SOS partners provide opportunities for recent college graduates to get involved in the program by hiring interns, through Chicago Botanic Garden's Conservation Land Management Program, to help out with seed collection. These interns get the opportunity to venture out into the field in search for seed, often accessing remote coastal areas. A team of SOS interns in Delaware spent time collecting native seeds for many plants, including those that will be planted at Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge as part of tidal marsh restoration. This is one example of intern participation in an SOS partner project, collecting native seeds that will help to ensure that the restoration plantings include local ecotypes, which can be important for plant survival and success.
"Using locally-collected seeds will give the new plants the best chance for success, as they will be well-adapted for local growing conditions," says Bart Wilson, the Service's marsh restoration coordinator at Prime Hook.
To date, SOS has accumulated more than 16,000 native seed collections in its national collection. Each seed has played its own role in bringing native species back to life in areas where their populations have been depleted. Acting as thousands of little building blocks, these seeds and the people who collect, distribute, and nourish them into living species are working together to impact ecosystems effected by Sandy as well as habitats all over the country.
To learn more about this program, visit:
Mid-Atlantic Regional Seed Bank
Bureau of Land Management Seeds of Success Program
New England Wild Flower Society: Seed Collection for Coastal Restoration Projects after Hurricane Sandy
North Carolina Botanical Garden news release: Seeds of Success Grow in the Eastern U.S. (pdf)
This entry was posted in Blog entries, Coastal Restoration, Habitat restoration, Partnerships, Strong After Sandy, Youth and tagged #StrongAfterSandy, Bureau of Land Management, coastal restoration, Hurricane Sandy, Hurricane Sandy resilience project, Hyde Pond dam, Mid-Atlantic Regional Seed Bank, national wildlife refuges, new england wild flower society, North Carolina Botanical Garden, Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge, Seeds of Success, Strong After Sandy, youth, youth engagement on November 16, 2015 by hopekelley2014.
The first plant recovered under the Endangered Species Act…Drumroll please!
Robbins' cinquefoil was the first plant species to fully recover and be removed from Endangered Species Act protection. Credit: USFWS
It is able to withstand some of the harshest weather conditions in New England, yet despite this, the Robbins' cinquefoil flower (Potentilla robbinsiana) needed the protection of the Endangered Species Act to survive.
As a result of over collecting, habitat destruction and trampling, this small alpine species from the rose family that grows on the slopes of the White Mountains in New Hampshire was nearly lost forever.
For us, the story begins in 1824, when the yellow-flowered Robbins' cinquefoil was discovered along the Crawford Path ascending Mount Washington. The footpath – now recognized as the oldest continually used mountain trail in the U.S. – was completed just five years earlier.
Over the next 150 years, hiking and backpacking boomed, and foot traffic and horses trampled the cinquefoil, creating a deep and rutted path through its habitat. Additionally, plant collectors rigorously plucked the quarter-sized plant from the mountainside.
This plant is just the size of a quarter! Credit: USFWS
In 1994, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the White Mountain National Forest signed an MOU to sustain Robbins' cinquefoil regardless of legal status. Credit: USFWS
Seeds were collected in early to mid-July. Credit: USFWS
Population counts were completed in June to early-July. Credit: USFWS
By 1973, this once-thriving species had dwindled to a mere 1,800 in number and was considered one of New England's rarest plants. With 95 percent of this diminutive plant's known habitat occurring on just one acre of the mountain, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service listed the species as endangered and designated critical habitat on Mount Monroe in 1980.
Check out other stories of endangered plant and animal conservation in the Northeast – We've shared them throughout the year!
Shortly after, the Appalachian Mountain Club and U.S. Forest Service teamed up with the Service to relocate the Crawford Path. The New England Wild Flower Society later joined the partnership, as the agencies and two non-profit organizations began long-term biological and population studies to guide recovery efforts focused on reestablishing healthy populations of Robbins' cinquefoil.
In order to meet the recovery goal of maintaining additional self-sustaining populations, the New England Wild Flower Society collected seeds, developed methods to rear seeds and accelerate their development, and advised on transplanting methods for ensuring that nursery-raised cinquefoil could be successfully transplanted back into the wild. Biologists from partnering agencies hiked plants and water up the mountains for years until they successfully augmented the existing cinquefoil population and established two separate populations. …How successful were these efforts? Find out by reading the rest of the story here!
This entry was posted in Blog entries, Endangered Species, Partnerships and tagged Appalachian Mountain Club, endangered species, esa 40, esa40, new england, new england wild flower society, new hampshire, plant conservation, U.S. Forest Service on December 10, 2013 by usfwsnortheastblog.
A cliff-hanger of a survival story: Jesup's milk-vetch
The Jesup's milk vetch. Credit: Lisa Mattei, New England Wild Flower Society
The Jesup's milk-vetch (Astragalus robbinsii var. jesupii) can be found at only 3 sites in the world.
The endangered plant clings by its small roots to silt-filled crevices in the steep rock outcrops along the high water mark of the Connecticut River, bounded by New Hampshire and Vermont. The milk-vetch is part of the legume family. Small leaflets shoot off its leaves, giving the milk-vetch a slight resemblance to a fern. Bunches of tiny violet flowers bloom from these leaves in early May, followed by nearly inch-long pea-like sea pods in June.
Check out other stories of endangered plant and animal conservation in the Northeast – We're sharing them throughout the year!
By 1987, when the Jesup's milk-vetch was listed under the Endangered Species Act, there were less than 1,100 plants at only 2 sites. The species' survival has been sustained because of a strong partnership between the two states, supported in part by federal funding provided to states under Section 6 of the Endangered Species Act. State agency staff works with partners to evaluate threats and implement recovery actions.
"Jesup's milk-vetch is certainly a survivor," says botanist Bob Popp with the Vermont Department of Fish and Wildlife Natural Heritage Inventory. "The plants have to withstand summer heat and drought, winter ice scour and spring flooding."
Bob works on the milk-vetch with intrepid botanists from New Hampshire, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the New England Wildflower Society and private groups. Each year, the team visits the sites on both sides of the river to count surviving plants and plant the seedlings carefully germinated from wild seeds and grown over the winter by the New England Wildflower Society. …Finish reading this story at our endangered species website!
Flats of seedlings carefully brought to the steep slope of the Connecticut River. Credit: Alison Whitlock/USFWS
The Jesup's milk vetch team recording the success of 2012 transplant plots. Credit: Alison Whitlock/USFWS
Four seedlings to a plot, carefully planted and watered. Credit: Alison Whitlock/USFWS
Can you see it on the top left? A successful transplant from 2012—already in bloom in early May! Credit: Alison Whitlock/USFWS
Chris Kane, an independent consultant and dedicated volunteer , tends to the fragile transplants. Credit: Alison Whitlock/USFWS
This entry was posted in Blog entries, Endangered Species, Partnerships and tagged alison whitlock, endangered plant, endangered species, endangered species act, esa 40, esa40, jesup's milk vetch, new england wild flower society, plants, vermont on December 2, 2013 by usfwsnortheastblog.


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What the individual symbols and icons on Twitter mean
Twitter has been experiencing a lot of activity in recent months. Twitter has seen tweaks and changes every other week since Elon Musk took over the platform for a reported $44 billion. This means the inclusion of new features, while some older features will be replaced or reworked. If you have any questions about the new layout, here's a list of all Twitter icons and symbols along with their associated meanings.
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Symbols and icons on the Twitter home page
These are all the symbols and icons you will find on the Twitter home page.
Home, Search, Spaces, Notifications and News
These are all the icons you will find at the bottom of the screen. Here's what they do.
The birdhouse icon represents "home" and tapping on it will take you to the home page. No matter what page you're on, tapping this icon will take you back to your news feed.
Click on the magnifying glass icon to go to the search and explore page. Here you can enter any Twitter handle, hashtag, text or topic to find exact results. Here you will also find trending topics on Twitter in your country and around the world. You can also browse popular topics by different categories like entertainment, sports, news, etc.
The microphone icon in the bottom menu represents Twitter spaces. This is a relatively new feature on Twitter that was inspired by the Clubhouse app. Click this icon to view all current spaces hosted on Twitter. You can join and listen to any space that interests you.
A bell icon represents your notification. Here you can find all your mentions, track requests, likes, retweets and more. The envelope icon next to the notification shows your direct messages. While anyone on Twitter can send you a DM, it will automatically be sent to your spam folder if you don't follow it. Messages from people you follow will appear directly in your inbox.
Profile and spark
Tapping on the profile icon at the top left corner of the screen will open a side menu that contains various options such as 'Profile', 'Topics', 'Bookmarks', 'Lists' and 'Twitter Circle'. In this menu you will also find professional tools and profile settings.
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The spark icon in the top right corner of the screen gives you the option to switch between featured tweets and chronological tweets. By default, Twitter shows you recommend tweets on your homepage based on the type of content you interact with and the engagement those tweets get. By switching to a chronological feed, you get rid of this algorithm and see the most recent tweets sent by the people you follow first.
Tweet icons and symbols
These are all the icons and symbols you'll find on a tweet or post.
The ellipses or three dots in the upper right corner of each tweet can be used to access different options. You can follow, add/remove from the list, ignore, block, report the tweet, add them to a Twitter circle, or ignore post replies.
Stripes, chat bubble, two arrows, heart and share
The bars symbol is a recent addition to Twitter and shows how many times a tweet has been viewed. This is slightly different from engagement, which shows how many times people interacted with a tweet.
The chat bubble next to the view count can be used to reply to a tweet. It also shows how many comments that particular tweet has received.
The two arrows can be used to retweet a post. This is a quick way to share a tweet with your followers by reposting it on your profile. You can either retweet the tweet as it is or "retweet" it by adding your own message. The tweet icon also shows how many times the post has been retweeted.
The heart icon can be used to like a tweet. It also shows how many times a tweet has been liked. The share icon next to the heart icon can be used to share a tweet via DM or share a tweet link in any other app. You can also use this icon to bookmark a tweet.
Profile icons and symbols
These are all the symbols you will find on a Twitter profile
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Watch and Bell+ icons
If you want to see someone's posts and updates on your channel, click the 'follow' button on their profile. Once you follow someone, a bell icon will appear next to the "follow" icon. Tap this icon to receive a notification whenever that person posts a tweet.
Types of ticks
Initially, Twitter only had blue ticks on the profile names of celebrities, politicians, athletes, reporters and famous users. Since Elon Musk's takeover, the blue check mark can be purchased by any Twitter user for $8. This led to the creation of new checkmarks to distinguish important accounts from all others. Here are all the ticks you'll find on Twitter.
Blue check mark
A "blue" check mark means that the Twitter user is either a blue Twitter subscriber or an older verified account. Click on the check mark for details. An "older" verified account is one that was ticked before Musk took over Twitter. This includes most celebrities, reporters and other well-known figures.
Golden tick
Twitter introduced golden tick exclusively for companies, organizations and businesses to distinguish themselves from other users. Previously, these accounts were also included under the blue tick, but Twitter had to create a different verification label when users started using their ticks assigned to Twitter Blue to parody businesses on the platform. The golden checkmark profile also gets a square shaped profile icon.
Gray check mark
Gray ticks are usually given to official public officials working on government or multilateral organization accounts. Twitter's reasons for issuing this tick are quite abstract as it says that some other public figures can also be given this tick. So far, the gray tick has only been assigned to government officials and multilateral organizations.
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These are all the symbols and icons (along with their associated meanings) that you'll find on Twitter. Since Musk's takeover, the platform has been rolling out new features, which means you may see new icons and symbols on Twitter. If you come across anything new that you haven't seen before, let us know in the comments!
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I have sometimes been called an exhorter. A person with the gift of exhortation is motivated to boost the spirits of people around them. Sometimes in our excitement to help people achieve their full potential we may seem pushy. My own daughter has sometimes called me Pastor Push!
We all need to be aware that there are scores of people around us who need someone to cheer for them. The world is a dismal place at times and without someone to lift spirits it can seem unbearable. We do not have to be a great orator to exhort people. People need to know there is someone who knows they are there and cares! Let Jesus shine through from you to those around you!


> > frames and the (-mbd bits) bug its probably just a "coincidence"
> mpeg12.c, I left START/STOP TIMER funcs around encode_picture.
> wonder why faster sometimes, maybe inlining whole encode_mb did that.
> What do you get ?