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Tag Archives: Latécoère
Terre des hommes (Wind, Sand and Stars)
"Terre des hommes" (of which English version was titled "Wind, Sand and Stars", and apparently differs greatly from the French version which I read) is a compilation book of some memories of the aviator Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, of his time at the airmail carrier l'Aéropostale.The book was published in 1939, two years later he received the US National Book Award for this book. His most known book, "Le Petit Prince", was published a few years later, in 1943.
Saint-Exupery failed to enter to Naval Academy and started studies of Fine Arts, which he did not finish. While doing his military service, he took flying lessons and there he discovered his passion. He flew first for the French Air Force, then he was a pioneer in the international postal flight, flying for the Aéropostale between Toulouse and Dakar, and later other lines. Those were years in which aviation differed very much to what it is today, and that is reflected in "Terre des Hommes", where he pays tribute to some of his colleagues, mainly Henri Guillaumet and Jean Mermoz, and he shares some experiences which seem today unbelievable.Those years at Latécoère (which airline later became L'Aeropostale) must have been truly remarkable.
Henri Guillaumet was another pioneer of French aviation who contributed to the opening of airmail routes through the South Atlantic and the Andes. He was said to be one of the best pilots of his time, "Je n'en ai pas connu de plus grand" (I've never known a greater one), said Didier Daurat, director of l'Aéropostale.
Guillaumet taught Saint-Exupéry how to see the land they flew over, noticing every minor detail, every tree, corner of a river, and getting to know the locals, their farms, etc., as that was the ground he would have to land on given the case:
"Mais quelle étrange leçon de géographie je reçus la! Guillaumet ne m'enseignait pas l'Espagne ; il me faisait de l'Espagne une amie. Il ne me parlait ni d'hydrographie, ni de populations, ni de cheptel. Il ne me parlait pas de Guadix, mais des trois orangers qui, près de Guadix, bordent un champ : «Méfie-toi d'eux, marque-les sur ta carte… »."
Jean Mermoz, another French aviation pioneer, first flew for the Air Force and then for Latécoère. It is famous the quote from Daurat who, after Mermoz performed his entry flying exam, he told Mermoz "We don't need acrobats here, we need bus drivers." Of Mermoz, Saint-Exupéry describes when he was captured in Africa or how he opened routes through the Andes.
"Quelques camarades, dont Mermoz, fondèrent la ligne française de Casablanca à Dakar, à travers le Sahara insoumis. Les moteurs d'alors ne résistant guère, une panne livra Mermoz aux Maures ; ils hésitèrent à le massacrer, le gardèrent quinze jours prisonnier, puis le revendirent. Et Mermoz reprit ses courriers au-dessus des mêmes territoires.
Lorsque s'ouvrit la ligne d'Amérique, Mermoz toujours avant-garde, fut chargé d'étudier le tronçon Buenos Aires à Santiago, et après un pont sur le Sahara, de bâtir un pont au-dessus des Andes. On lui confia un avion qui plafonnait à cinq mille deux cents mètres. Les crêtes de la Cordillère s'élèvent a sept mille mètres. Et Mermoz décolla pour chercher des trouées."
There are two stories in the book which are breathtaking. The first one describes a crash Guillaumet suffered in the middle of the snow-covered Andes. He crashed in the middle of a storm and once on ground, he covered himself with the postal bags for 48 hours. As there would be no one coming to pick him, he then walked for 5 days and 4 nights (without ropes, axes, food supplies, or any other equipment for the hike). In those moments, he only wanted to get some sleep but he kept telling to himself that his wife and his friends, all hoped for him to continue walking and he could not let them down. To keep himself awake he thought of movies or books and tried to mentally review them in his mind from end to end. However at some point he fell down and was not capable to stand up again.
"[…] semblable au boxer qui, vide d'un coup de toute passion, entend les secondes tomber une à une dans un univers étranger, jusqu'à la dixième qui est sans appel."
But then, he suddenly thought that in the case of a disappearance the legal death would be established four years later and this would impede his wife to immediately receive the compensation from the insurance policy. This gave him the will to continue walking just for 50 more meters until there was a great rock where his body would be clearly visible the following summer.
"«Si je me relève, je pourrai peut-être l'atteindre. Et si je me cale mon corps contre la pierre, l'été venu on le retrouvera.»
Une fois debout, tu marcha deux nuits et trois jours."
He stood up and continued walking, not only for 50 metres but for 2 days and 3 nights more and he saved his life.
"«Ce qui sauve, c'est de faire un pas. Encore un pas. C'est toujours le même pas que l'on recommence…»"
The second story is from Saint-Exupéry himself, when, together with his mechanic, departed from Senegal to Egypt. The last lap would take them from Benghazi (Libya) to Cairo. During that flight they suffered some engine issue which started with heavy vibrations and finally ended in a crash. This time was not in the snow-covered Andes, but in the middle of the desert (close to Simoun). Again, nobody would come immediately after them. Saint-Exupéry started to make some estimates of whether they would find them in 8 days if they had flown straight or in 6 months if they had suffered some drift (derive), and where to walk to try to be closer to civilization.
In that situation he remembered the words and the example from Guillaumet and he pushed himself one step at a time. It is daunting to read how in the night he buried himself in the sand to keep the warmth of his body.
«Je creuse une fosse dans le sable, je m'y couche, et je me recouvre de sable. Mon visage seul émerge.»
Four days later, four days of thirst, hunger and lack of sleep, they were found by two Bedouins with camels in the desert in Libya.
The figure of Saint-Exupéry is today of worldly fame and I believe that one has to read this book (1) to really know who he was.
(1) Apart from "Le Petit Prince", which I commented here, I have also read his "Vol de nuit" and "Pilote de guerre", which are short novels based on experiences very close to what he lived and described in "Terre des Hommes".
Filed under Aerospace & Defence, Books
Tagged as Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, Henri Guillaumet, Jean Mermoz, l'Aéropostale, Latécoère, Sand and Stars, Terre des hommes, Wind
French aviation history through the life of its pioneers…
I moved to France about two years ago to work for Airbus in its Blagnac offices. Blagnac is a small village close to Toulouse. The place radiates passion for aviation (I once shared the geek outlook of my dentist's waiting room).
My office is located at the avenue Didier Daurat, to get there I cross two roundabouts: Maurice Bellonte and Émile Dewoitine… these names probably do not ring a bell to most of you. Neither did to me. But then the back street is called Charles Lindbergh. It is then that you realize what might be going on and wonder who the previous names were.
Many months ago I collected the names of some of the streets of Blagnac and Colomiers (the village at the other side of the airport were Airbus is also located), and then, with the help of Google and Wikipedia, I searched who they were. I started a trip into French aviation history through the life of its pioneers…
Didier Daurat (EN):
Daurat was a fighter pilot during World War I, distinguishing himself by spotting the Paris Gun which was pounding Paris.
After the war, he joined Latécoère's airline company, (which later became the Compagnie générale aéropostale – Aéropostale, then Air France) where he was a pilot and later operations director.
From this time, the legend of the man with the iron will made Didier Daurat a boss admired by many, feared by all and hated by some. He did not hesitate to dismiss those who showed the slightest sign of weakness, questioned his methods or did not adhere to the 'spirit of the mail' (l'esprit du courrier).
Many of his pilots began their careers as grease monkeys, taking apart, cleaning and reassembling engines. According to Daurat, this formed character and taught pilots to respect their machines. But he knew when he saw a talented pilot. When Jean Mermoz presented himself in Toulouse and made a dazzling display of piloting skill, Daurat told him "I don't need circus artists but bus drivers." ("Je n'ai pas besoin d'artistes de cirque mais de conducteurs d'autobus"). Nevertheless, he engaged him to clean the engines. […]
Dewoitine D.333 assembly (public domain image).
Émile Dewoitine (EN, FR):
[…] Émile Dewoitine entered the aviation industry by working at Latécoère during World War I. In 1920, he founded his own company, but facing little success at home, went to Switzerland where his Dewoitine D.27 fighter was accepted for operational service.
In 1931, Dewoitine went back to France and founded Société Aéronautique Française – Avions Dewoitine. During the 1930s, several noteworthy aircraft rolled out of the Toulouse-based Dewoitine factories including the Dewoitine D.500, the French Air Force's first fully metallic, monoplane fighter, as well as the Dewoitine D.338 airliner.
In 1936, part of the French aviation industry was nationalized and Dewoitine's factories were absorbed by the state-owned SNCAM. During the Battle of France in 1940, the Dewoitine D.520 turned out to be France's best fighter aircraft. […]
Maurice Bellonte (FR):
Maurice Bellonte […] est un aviateur français. Associé à Dieudonné Costes, il a réussi en 1930, à bord du Breguet XIX "Point d'interrogation", la première traversée de l'Atlantique Nord d'est en ouest. […]
Dieudonné Costes (EN, FR):
Dieudonné Costes […] was a French aviator who set flight distance records. He was also a fighter ace during World War I. […]
On 26 September 1926 he flew 4,100 km (2,546 miles) from Paris to Assuan, with René de Vitrolles, attempting at breaking a world distance record. He broke the world distance record on 28 October 1926, flying 5,396 km (3,351 miles) from Paris to Jask, Persia, with J. Rignot, as a part of 19,625-km (12,187-mile) Paris-India-Paris flight.
Between 10 October 1927 and 14 April 1928 Costes and Joseph Le Brix flew 57,410 km (35,652 miles) around the world, in Breguet 19GR named Nungesser-Coli, from Paris through Argentina, Brazil, the United States, Japan, India, and Greece, although they traveled across the Pacific Ocean from San Francisco, California, to Tokyo, Japan, by ship.
On 1–2 September 1930, Costes with Maurice Bellonte, flew the Breguet 19 Super Bidon "?" from Paris to New York, as the first heavier-than-air aircraft to cross the North Atlantic in the more difficult westbound direction between the North American and European mainlands. They covered either 5,850 km (3,633 miles) or 6,200 km (3,850 miles), according to different sources, in 37 hours 18 minutes. While flying over Portsmouth, New Hampshire, they lost their navigational map out of an open window of the plane. Two children saw the map falling from the sky while they were watching for the flight to cross over their farm. The children, Louise Stef and her brother John, returned the map to Costes, who had asked for its return through the media.
Joseph Le Brix (EN, FR):
Joseph Le Brix est d'abord un officier de marine, atteignant le grade de lieutenant de vaisseau, avant de se tourner vers l'aviation.
Avec Dieudonné Costes, il réussit, sur un Breguet 19 baptisé Nungesser et Coli en l'honneur des deux aviateurs français disparus dans l'Atlantique nord à bord de l'Oiseau blanc, la traversée de l'Atlantique sud entre Saint-Louis du Sénégal et Natal (Brésil) où ils arrivent le 15 octobre 1927.
Henri Potez (EN, FR):
Henry Potez […] was a French aircraft industrialist.
He studied in the French aeronautics school Supaéro. With Marcel Dassault, he was the inventor of the Potez-Bloch propeller which after 1917, have been set on most of all Allied planes of World War I.
In 1919, he founded his own company Aviations Potez that between the wars built many planes and seaplanes in factories at that time considered the most modern in the world. He bought the Alessandro Anzani company in 1923. Many Potez planes such as the Potez 25, 39, 54, 62, 63 were an international success, with world records. […]
Santos Dumont (EN):
Alberto Santos-Dumont […] was a Brazilian aviation pioneer. The heir of a wealthy family of coffee producers, Santos Dumont dedicated himself to aeronautical study and experimentation in Paris, France, where he spent most of his adult life.
Santos-Dumont designed, built, and flew the first practical dirigible, demonstrating that routine, controlled flight was possible. This "conquest of the air", in particular his winning the Deutsch de la Meurthe prize on October 19, 1901 on a flight that rounded the Eiffel Tower, made him one of the most famous people in the world during the early 20th century. […]
Alberto Santos Dumont flying the Demoiselle (1909) (public domain image).
Santos-Dumont described himself as the first "sportsman of the air." He started flying by hiring an experienced balloon pilot and took his first balloon rides as a passenger. He quickly moved on to piloting balloons himself, and shortly thereafter to designing his own balloons. In 1898, Santos-Dumont flew his first balloon design, the Brésil.
[…] his primary interest soon turned to heavier-than-air aircraft. By 1905 he had finished his first fixed-wing aircraft design, and also a helicopter. He finally achieved his dream of flying an aircraft on October 23, 1906 by piloting the 14-bis before a large crowd of witnesses for a distance of 60 metres (197 ft) at a height of about five meters or less (15 ft). This well-documented event was the first flight verified by the Aéro-Club de France of a powered heavier-than-air machine in Europe and won the Deutsch-Archdeacon Price for the first officially observed flight further than 25 meters. On November 12, 1906, Santos-Dumont set the first world record recognized by the Federation Aeronautique Internationale by flying 220 metres in 21.5 seconds.
The Wrights used a launching rail for their 1903 flights and a launch catapult for their 1904 and 1905 machines, while the aircraft of Santos-Dumont and other Europeans had wheeled undercarriages. The Wright Brothers continued to use skids, which necessitated the use of a dolly running on a track. The Fédération Aéronautique Internationale, founded in France in 1905 to verify aviation records, stated among its rules that an aircraft should be able to take off under its own power in order to qualify for a record. Supporters of Santos-Dumont maintain that this means the 14-bis was, technically, the first successful fixed-wing aircraft.
The wristwatch had already been invented by Patek Philippe, decades earlier, but Santos-Dumont played an important role in popularizing its use by men in the early 20th century. Before him they were generally worn only by women (as jewels), as men favoured pocket watches.
Clément Ader (EN, FR):
Clément Ader […] was a French inventor and engineer born in Muret, Haute Garonne, and is remembered primarily for his pioneering work in aviation.
Ader was an innovator in a number of electrical and mechanical engineering fields. He originally studied electrical engineering, and in 1878 improved on the telephone invented by Alexander Graham Bell. After this he established the telephone network in Paris in 1880. In 1881, he invented the "théâtrophone", a system of telephonic transmission where listeners received a separate channel for each ear, enabling stereophonic perception of the actors on a set; it was this invention which gave the first stereo transmission of opera performances, over a distance of 2 miles (3 km) in 1881. In 1903, he devised a V8 engine for the Paris-Madrid race, but although three or four were produced, none were sold.
Following this, he turned to the problem of mechanical flight and until the end of his life gave much time and money to this. Using the studies of Louis Pierre Mouillard (1834–1897) on the flight of birds, he constructed his first flying machine in 1886, the Éole. It was a bat-like design run by a lightweight steam engine of his own invention, with 4 cylinders developing 20 horsepower (15 kW), driving a four-blade propeller. The engine weighed no more than 4 kg/kW (7 pounds per horsepower). The wings had a span of 14 metres and were equipped with a system of warping. All-up weight was 300 kg (650 pounds). On 9 October 1890, Ader attempted a flight of the Éole. It is accepted that the aircraft took off, reaching a height of 20 cm, and flew uncontrolled for approximately 50 m (160 ft), 13 years before the Wright Brothers.
Ader undertook the construction of a second aircraft he called the Avion II, also referred to as the Zephyr or Éole II. Most sources agree that work on this aircraft was never completed, and it was abandoned in favour of the Avion III. Ader's later claim that he flew the Avion II in August 1892 for a distance of 100 metres in Satory near Paris, was never widely accepted.
[…] In 1909 he published L'Aviation Militaire, a very popular book which went through 10 editions in the five years before the First World War. It is notable for its vision of air warfare and its foreseeing the form of the modern aircraft carrier, with a flat flight deck, an island superstructure, deck elevators and a hangar bay. His idea for an aircraft carrier was relayed by the US Naval Attaché in Paris[8] and were followed by the first trials in the United States in November 1910.
An airplane-carrying vessel is indispensable. These vessels will be constructed on a plan very different from what is currently used. First of all the deck will be cleared of all obstacles. It will be flat, as wide as possible without jeopardizing the nautical lines of the hull, and it will look like a landing field.
—Clément Ader, L'Aviation Militaire, 1909
Marcel Doret (FR):
En 1910, il est apprenti mécanicien. Il s'engage à 18 ans, dès le début de la Grande Guerre dans l'artillerie et combat à Verdun. Il est blessé 3 ans plus tard et reçoit la médaille militaire. Une fois guéri, il demande son transfert dans l'aviation et rejoint Dijon puis Chartres. Lâché seul après moins de deux heures de vol en double commande, il est breveté pilote militaire en 1918, à l'âge de vingt-deux ans, et il poursuit sa formation à l'École de chasse et d'acrobatie de Pau après un court passage à Avord. À la fin de la guerre, il est ouvrier chez Renault, mais Émile Dewoitine le remarque dans un meeting aérien. Le 1er juin 1923, Doret entre comme pilote d'essai dans ses usines à Toulouse, et devient rapidement chef pilote d'essai. Jusqu'en 1939, il met au point quarante-trois prototypes d'appareils très différents, ce qui lui donne une maîtrise presque totale du pilotage. Avec la production des appareils de ligne, comme le D.332 Émeraude, il est amené à les convoyer dans des pays de plus en plus lointains et devient un des premiers pilotes de ligne.
Roland Garros (public domain image).
Roland Garros (EN):
[…] He started his aviation career in 1909 flying Alberto Santos-Dumont's Demoiselle monoplane, an aircraft that only flew well with a small lightweight pilot. In 1911 Garros graduated to flying Bleriot monoplanes and entered a number of European air races with this type of machine, such as the 1911 Paris to Madrid air race.
He was already a noted aviator before World War I, having visited the U.S. and South America. By 1913 he had switched to flying the faster Morane-Saulnier monoplanes, and gained fame for making the first non-stop flight across the Mediterranean Sea from Fréjus in the south of France to Bizerte in Tunisia. The following year, Garros joined the French army at the outbreak of World War I. […]
In the early stages of the air war in World War I the problem of mounting a forward-firing machine gun on combat aircraft was considered by a number of individuals. The so-called interrupter gear did not come into use until Anthony Fokker developed a synchronization device which had a large impact on air combat; however, Garros also had a significant role in the process of achieving this goal.
As a reconnaissance pilot with the Escadrille MS26, Garros visited the Morane-Saulnier Works in December 1914. Saulnier's work on metal deflector wedges attached to propeller blades was taken forward by Garros; he eventually had a workable installation fitted to his Morane-Saulnier Type L aircraft. Garros achieved the first ever shooting-down of an aircraft by a fighter firing through a tractor propeller, on 1 April 1915; two more victories over German aircraft were achieved on 15 and 18 April 1915.
On 18 April 1915, either Garros' fuel line clogged or, by other accounts, his aircraft was downed by ground fire, and he glided to a landing on the German side of the lines. Garros failed to destroy his aircraft before being taken prisoner: most significantly, the gun and armoured propeller remained intact. Legend has it that after examining the plane, German aircraft engineers, led by Fokker, designed the improved interrupter gear system. In fact the work on Fokker's system had been going for at least six months before Garros' aircraft fell into their hands. With the advent of the interrupter gear the tables were turned on the Allies, with Fokker's planes shooting down many Allied aircraft, leading to what became known as the Fokker Scourge.
L'escadrille Normandie Niemen (EN):
[…] was a fighter squadron, later regiment (of three squadrons) of the French Air Force. It served on the Eastern Front of the European Theatre of World War II with the 1st Air Army. The regiment is notable for being one of only two air combat units from an Allied western European country to participate on the Eastern Front during World War II, the other being the British No. 151 Wing RAF, and the only one to fight together with the Soviets until the end of the war in Europe.
[…] It fought in three campaigns on behalf of the Soviet Union between 22 March 1943, and 9 May 1945, during which time it destroyed 273 enemy aircraft and received numerous orders, citations and decorations from both France and the Soviet Union, including the French Légion d'Honneur and the Soviet Order of the Red Banner. Joseph Stalin awarded the unit the name Niemen for its participation in the Battle of the Niemen River (1944).
Georges Guynemer 1917 (public domain image).
Georges Guynemer (EN):
Georges Guynemer […] was a top fighter ace for France during World War I, and a French national hero at the time of his death. […]
He was originally rejected for military service, but was accepted for training as a mechanic in late 1914. With determination, he gained acceptance to pilot training, joining Escadrille MS.3 on 8 June 1915. He remained in the same unit for his entire service. He experienced both victory and defeat in the first plane allocated to him, a Morane-Saulnier L monoplane previously flown by Charles Bonnard, and accordingly named Vieux Charles (Old Charles). Guynemer kept the name and continued to use it for most of his later aircraft.
[…] Flying the more effective plane, Guynemer quickly established himself as one of France's premier fighter pilots. He became an ace by his fifth victory in February 1916, and was promoted to lieutenant in March. At the year's end, his score had risen to 25. Capitaine Brocard, commander of Escadrille N.3 (Storks), described Guynemer at that time as "…my most brilliant Stork." Less than a year later, Guynemer was promoted to captain and commander of the Storks squadron.
[…] as described by one of his flying comrades (name withheld due to security reasons):
Guynemer sighted five machines of the Albatros type D-3. Without hesitation, he bore down on them. At that moment enemy patrolling machines, soaring at a great height, appeared suddenly and fell upon Guynemer. There were forty enemy machines in the air at this time, including Baron von Richthofen and his circus division of machines, painted in diagonal blue and white stripes. Toward Guynemer's right some Belgian machines hove in sight, but it was too late. Guynemer must have been hit. His machine dropped gently toward the earth, and I lost track of it. All that I can say is that the machine was not on fire.
Only 22 at his death, he continued to inspire the nation with his advice, "Until one has given all, one has given nothing."
René Fonck (EN, FR):
René Paul Fonck […] was a French aviator who ended the First World War as the top Allied fighter ace, and when all succeeding aerial conflicts of the 20th and 21st centuries are also considered, Fonck still holds the title of "all-time Allied Ace of Aces". He received confirmation for 75 victories (72 solo and three shared) out of 142 claims. Taking into account his probable claims, Fonck's final tally could conceivably be nearer 100 or above. […]
Yet for all his skill and success, Fonck never captured the heart of the French public as Guynemer had. Fonck was ascetic and withdrawn. Instead of drinking or socializing with the other pilots, he planned his flying missions and tactics, ironed his uniforms, and stayed physically fit through calisthenics. He seemed to overcompensate for his shyness by constantly mentioning his exploits. As a result, he seemed distant, arrogant, even abrasive. His comrades respected his skills, but even one of his few friends, Marcel Haegelen, considered him a braggart and shameless self-promoter. Fonck may have resented the fact that Georges Guynemer remained more popular in the French press even after he surpassed him in victories. […]
Fonck returned to civilian life after World War I, and published his war memoirs Mes Combats, prefaced by Marechal Foch, in 1920.
During the 1920s, Fonck persuaded Igor Sikorsky to redesign the Sikorsky S-35 for the transatlantic race or Orteig Prize. On 21 September 1926, Fonck crashed on takeoff when the landing gear collapsed, killing two of his three crew members. Charles Lindbergh shortly afterward won the prize in 1927. […]
Charles Lindbergh (EN):
As a 25-year-old U.S. Air Mail pilot, Lindbergh emerged suddenly from virtual obscurity to instantaneous world fame as the result of his Orteig Prize-winning solo non-stop flight on May 20–21, 1927, made from Roosevelt Field located in Garden City on New York's Long Island to Le Bourget Field in Paris, France, a distance of nearly 3,600 statute miles (5,800 km), in the single-seat, single-engine purpose built Ryan monoplane Spirit of St. Louis. Lindbergh, a U.S. Army Air Corps Reserve officer, was also awarded the nation's highest military decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his historic exploit. […]
Henri Guillaumet (EN):
[…] He was a pioneer of French aviation in the Andes, the South Atlantic and the North Atlantic. He contributed to the opening up of numerous new routes and is regarded by some as the best pilot of his age. "Je n'en ai pas connu de plus grand" (I've never known a greater one), said Didier Daurat, owner of Aéropostale.
Guillaumet carried the mail between Argentina and Chile. On Friday 13 June 1930, while crossing the Andes for the 92nd time, he crashed his Potez 25 at Laguna del Diamante in Mendoza, Argentina, because of bad weather. He walked for a week over three mountain passes. Though tempted to give up, he persisted while thinking of his wife, Noëlle, until June 19 at dawn when he was rescued by a 14-year-old boy named Juan García. He reached a village whose inhabitants could not believe his story. This exploit made him stand out among the 'stars' of Aéropostale.
To his friend Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, who had come to find him, he said, "Ce que j'ai fait, je te le jure, aucune bête ne l'aurait fait." (What I have done, I swear to you, no other animal would have done.) Saint-Exupéry tells the adventure of Guillaumet in his 1939 book Terre des Hommes (published in English as Wind, Sand and Stars).
After a number of south Atlantic crossings, he was appointed managing director of Air France. […]
In 1995, Futuroscope paid homage to Guillaumet with a 3D IMAX film by Jean-Jacques Annaud, Wings of Courage (les Ailes du Courage). […]
Saint-Exupéry (EN, FR):
[…] French aristocrat, writer, poet, and pioneering aviator. He became a laureate of several of France's highest literary awards and also won the U.S. National Book Award. He is best remembered for his novella The Little Prince (Le Petit Prince) and for his lyrical aviation writings, including Wind, Sand and Stars and Night Flight.
Saint-Exupéry was a successful commercial pilot before World War II, working airmail routes in Europe, Africa and South America. At the outbreak of war, he joined the Armée de l'Air (French Air Force), flying reconnaissance missions until France's armistice with Germany in 1940. After being demobilized from the French Air Force, he traveled to the United States to convince its government to enter the war against Nazi Germany quickly. Following a 27-month hiatus in North America, during which he wrote three of his most important works, he joined the Free French Air Force in North Africa, although he was far past the maximum age for such pilots and in declining health. He disappeared over the Mediterranean on his last assigned reconnaissance mission in July 1944, and is believed to have died at that time.
Jean Dabry (FR):
Jean Dabry […] est un pilote français de l'Aéropostale puis d'Air France.
D'abord officier au long cours, il entre à l'Aéropostale dès 1928 comme navigateur. Deux ans plus tard avec Jean Mermoz comme pilote et Léopold Gimié à la radio, il participe au record de distance en circuit fermé sur Latécoère 28.
Les 12 et 13 mai 1930, le même équipage effectue la première traversée postale de l'Atlantique Sud sur l'hydravion Laté 28 "Comte de la Vaulx".
Lucien Servanty (FR):
[…] fut l'un des plus célèbres ingénieurs de l'histoire de l'aviation française.
Diplômé des Arts et Métiers, Servanty débuta en 1931 chez Breguet, puis entra en 1937 à la SNCASO lors de la création de celle-ci. Pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, Servanty continua son activité sous le contrôle des autorités d'occupation mais réalisa aussi en secret l'étude du SO.6000 Triton, le premier avion à réaction français, qui effectua son premier vol en novembre 1946.
Par la suite, Servanty dirigea les études de plusieurs avions militaires d'importance tels que le SO.6020 Espadon et le SO.9000 Trident, prototype très innovateur d'un intercepteur à propulsion mixte turboréacteur-fusée. C'est toutefois grâce à une œuvre à vocation civile que Servanty acquit sa notoriété : la direction technique du programme Concorde pour la partie française. L'amitié nouée entre Servanty et son homologue anglais Bill Strang permit en particulier au projet de surmonter les nombreuses difficultés d'une collaboration franco-britannique pas toujours évidente au niveau politique.
Servanty mena à bien la totalité du programme d'essais mais, subitement décédé en 1973 à 64 ans, ne put assister au premier vol commercial de sa création en 1976. […]
Leon Bourrieau (FR):
Bourrieau eut l'honneur d'être le premier à faire voler le Fouga « Sylphe " modèle probatoire, le 14 juillet 1949. Il mit au point cet appareil ainsi que les bancs volants Fouga « Gémeaux " pour le réacteur Turbomeca. Finalement, le 23 juillet 1952, il y a trente-cinq ans, il décolla le prototype du « Magister ", dessiné par Robert Castello et Mauboussin (d'ou l'appellation C.M. 170), consacré par 871 exemplaires dont beaucoup volent toujours! Léon Bourrieau fut d'abord militaire. La finesse de son pilotage lui valut d'appartenir à la « Patrouille acrobatique d'Etampes " et d'assumer les responsabilités de moniteur.
Pierre Nadot (FR):
Le 27 mai 1955, la Caravelle effectue son premier vol, décollant à 19 h 15, pilotée par Pierre Nadot secondé par André Moynet et accompagné de Jean Avril et Roger Béteille, pour un vol de 22 minutes. Pour ce premier essai, l'avion restant à basse vitesse, les volets de bord de fuite ne sont pas sollicités. […]
Yves Brunaud (FR):
Le 30 Janvier 1959, le Br-1150 Atlantic motorisé par des turbopropulseurs Rolls-Royce Tyne fut sélectionné par l'OTAN parmi 21 projets. Le 2 Octobre 1961, la SECBAT (Société Européenne pour la Construction du Breguet Atlantic) fut crée.
Les sociétés suivantes prirent part au programme :
Breguet & Dassault-Aviation (France).
Fokker (Pays-Bas).
Dornier & Siebel (Allemagne)
SABCA, Fairey & Fabrique Nationale Herstal (Belgique).
Les turbopropulseurs Tyne étaient fournis par Rolls-Royce, SNECMA-Hispano, FN et MTU; les équipements électroniques par des sociétés Américaines. Les chaînes de production ont été installées dans les usines Breguet de Toulouse.
Quatre prototypes furent construits. Le premier effectua son vol initial le 21 Octobre 1961 avec Bernard Witt, Roméo Zinzoni et René Périneau aux commandes. Le second vola le 23 Février 1962, piloté par Yves Brunaud, M. Raymond et René Périneau.
Franz Joseph Strauss (EN):
Franz Josef Strauss […] was a German politician. He was the chairman of the Christian Social Union, member of the federal cabinet in different positions and long-time minister-president of the state of Bavaria.
As an aerospace enthusiast, Strauss was one of the driving persons to create Airbus in the 1970s. He served as Chairman of Airbus in the late 1980s, until his death in 1988 […]. Munich's new airport, the Franz Josef Strauss Airport, was named after him in 1992.
This list is far from covering all pioneers, nor all the great engineers that built French aviation during the past century. This is just a random walk through Blagnac streets.
While looking for these characters I stumbled upon a great site with a good collection of French aviation characters: "L'Aviation Française: des Hommes et des Ailes".
PD1: Be sure that not all streets are named after aviation pioneers… I got to meet several doctors, writers, etc. 😉
PD2: Emphasis are mine. Most of the excerpts come from Wikipedia articles.
Filed under Aerospace & Defence, France
Tagged as Aéropostale, Air France, Airbus, aviation, aviator, Émile Dewoitine, Blagnac, Cartier, Charles Lindbergh, Clément Ader, Didier Daurat, Dieudonné Costes, dirigible, France, Franz Joseph Strauss, French aviation, Georges Guynemer, Henri Guillaumet, Henri Potez, Jean Dabry, Joseph Le Brix, L'escadrille Normandie Niemen, Latécoère, Leon Bourrieau, Lucien Servanty, Marcel Dassault, Marcel Doret, Maurice Bellonte, Patek Philippe, Pierre Nadot, pilot, pioneers, René Fonck, Roland Garros, Saint-Exupéry, Santos-Dumont, World War I, World War II, Wright Brothers, Yves Brunaud
Impuestos en Francia vs. España
Mi adiós a Ibercaja
Most common letters in English and Spanish are...
De profesión, periodisto: Sandro Pozzi
Aviation safety evolution (2019 update)
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The Blog by Javier · What did I learn today?


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
The Well-Read Sherlockian
← Greenberg, Martin H., Jon Lellenberg, and Daniel Stashower. Ghosts in Baker Street: New Tales of Sherlock Holmes. NY: Carroll and Graf, 2006.
Markel, Howard. An Anatomy of Addiction: Sigmund Freud, William Halsted, and the Miracle Drug Cocaine. NY: Pantheon, 2011. →
Davies, David Stuart. The Veiled Detective. London: Titan, 2009*
Where's Watson?
I was very fortunate, in my first few months of Sherlockian fascination, to light upon some excellent pastiches. I do not doubt that they served to plunge me deeper into obsession than I otherwise might have gone. Although Doyle's original stories and novels bear up well under repeated readings, with nuances that–as with all the best literature–appear and change with the reader's own experience, Holmesian fiction allows writers to explore aspects of 221B of which Doyle afforded us only the barest glimpse. We get to ask, "What was it like?" "What if?" And, thanks to Watson's notorious lack of attention to the proper details (ladies' dresses lovingly described, dates mangled beyond recognition), we also can speculate as to what really happened.
The Veiled Detective tackles each of these questions–most particularly the last. It was perhaps the second or third pastiche I ever read, and while I've heard many people (rightly) list Mr. Davies' The Tangled Skein and The Shadow of the Rat among their favorites, hardly anyone seems to recognize The Veiled Detective when I bring it up. This review will, I hope, remedy the situation.
The book starts off with a shock. To the reader. It's Afghanistan, it's Maiwand, and here's British Army surgeon, John Walker, emerging from his tent, exhausted and traumatized by all of the…
Yes. I said "Walker."
Even at that early stage of my acquaintance with Holmes' Boswell, I read that–and no doubt re-read it–with a sense of indignation. "That's not his name. Honestly, people, get it right, it's…." You get the picture.
But I read on, and guess what? That is his name. Or was, and it's the name his Captain calls him when he rouses him from the drunken stupor he's lying in, under the dead tree which gives him refuge from the dying men he can no longer face. Brandy is the best medicine for guilt, he thinks, but it also turns out to be the liquid road to court martial, and—
That's right. Court martial. Drunk on duty. No jezail bullet, anywhere. Three months in a Kandahar gaol, no enteric fever. Drummed out. No army pension. Still no kith nor kin in England, though. Absolutely nothing at all.
Look at it this way: At least we now know why no one can find Watson or Murray in the lists of soldiers at Maiwand. Mystery solved!
No worries about Holmes, though. Holmes is the same. He's younger, living on Montague Street, trying to make a go of the whole "consulting detective" thing. Here he is, foiling a safe-cracking team by tricking them into hiring him as a "lookout." Alert them to the police, alert the police to them–just semantics, in the end. Scotland Yard doesn't pay, unfortunately, nor is he getting the challenges his mind requires, but at least he's got enough for the cocaine bottle. He suggests to Lestrade that the criminals he's bringing in are just minor operatives in a larger enterprise, but Lestrade doesn't believe him. He believes him even less when Holmes says he suspects someone is toying with him, testing him, targeting him in particular. It makes the detective's work more interesting, however, and he's excited to (finally!) find the occasional case which stretches his skills. The letter-writer takes snuff and wears a large ring, he tells his client. He is a much better cracksman than one might think.
Moriarty appreciates that skill, and the note. In return, he gives Holmes a new flat, complete with landlady and flatmate.
Alone on the steamship Orontes,** John Walker finds his court-martial has made the papers and everyone seems to know who he is and what he has done. They treat him accordingly. He contemplates going overboard more than once, and is only saved by the appearance of the well-dressed, sympathetic Alexander Reed, who confides to Walker that he, too, was once in the exact same position, but now has a happy, prosperous life. This, and (again) brandy, is all it takes for Walker to unburden himself to the former Captain for hours in the ship's bar, and by the time the Orontes docks, the doctor hopes his confidante might help him secure employment. Reed does occasional "recruiting;" there just might be a special position for Walker within his firm.
Reed's boss agrees. He's been looking for a man like Walker, so he offers him a simple proposition: take the job, stay alive.
So it is that Walker, cloaked in a new name and heroic backstory, finds himself at the Criterion Bar, meeting an old Bart's colleague, Stamford, who will be able to pay off his most recent gambling debts after he introduces Walker/Watson to the odd duck who beats corpses and devises tests for haemoglobin in the lab. The man should be looking for lodgings instead, seeing as his Montague street landlord has unaccountably evicted him.*** Holmes' situation is desperate enough that he's happy to take the rooms Stamford suggested, with the wounded veteran the suddenly handy Stamford just happened to run into; after all, the man has normal bachelor vices and is all right with the violin, as long as it isn't played badly. Now he has a nice set of rooms, a sounding-board, and Watson…well, Watson has someone fascinating to observe and follow around on cases and write about….
In detailed reports, which he posts regularly to Professor James Moriarty, in consideration of which he receives £100 per month, and his heartbeat.†
The lonely genius Moriarty, for his part, now has both a worthy opponent and someone in the enemy camp. With the right jerks on the strings, he can even make Watson perform acts of sabotage and (further) betrayal if necessary. It's the perfect arrangement, really. What could possibly go wrong?
And so, Stamford has the wherewithal to gamble another day….
As you can see, David Stuart Davies has taken the stories we know so well and turned them, displaying them from another, slightly skewed, angle. Or is it? Davies presents theses "true" versions of Watson's stories†† so tightly that I really couldn't find any holes. If anything, The Veiled Detective answers the question of how some of the most confusing problems with Watson's writings came about. During SIGN, for instance, the doctor admits that
..many of the details of this case escaped me, as most of my thoughts were full of Mary. The published version of this investigation…had perhaps more inaccurate passages and invented moments than nearly any other bearing my name.
Other stories, Watson says, were embellished to make them longer and more interesting. All that Alkali plains drama, for instance. Another, in particular, was changed to protect Holmes from prosecution for something rather more complex than breaking and entering. The detective's willingness to overstep the law in search of justice, we find, was always a part of his makeup.
Davies does a wonderful job of reimagining Holmes' and Watson's adventures in this slightly bent world, but he does an even more masterful job with the people in it. Moriarty, Moran, Reed, and the redoubtable Scoular (with whom Holmes actually has the brilliant exchange Watson gives Moriarty in FINA) are fascinating, in the way of all poisonous snakes. You won't be able to look away. Minor characters, such as Mrs. Hudson (who is not exactly as you remember her), Mary, Stamford, and Lestrade are handled with depth, sensitivity, and occasional humor, yet are not permitted to clutter the stage.
As for Holmes and Watson themselves…. Where Doyle only allows hints of their inner lives to show through, Davies pokes at these hidden fires, making them blaze brilliantly through the grate. The Veiled Detective is written as an omniscient third-person/Walker's journal combination, which allows the author to compensate for the doctor's narrative deficiencies, and the fact that he cannot be in two places at once. Watson is the loyal, responsible, emotional romantic we love from canon, albeit a little more perceptive and less admiring than he portrays himself in the stories. For example, while he is still quick to take offense at some of Holmes' more condescending pronouncements, he is eventually able to see the intent behind them, and to take his share of the blame in their disagreements. Unfortunately, the same virtues which make him the most faithful friend in literature also lead him to a moment of moral failure which ultimately so compromises him that he cannot even live under his own name. Yet where a weaker man (say, Reed) might throw up his hands and exclaim, "All right, then I'll go to Hell!"††† Walker never allows his circumstances to change his core decency. If, at the end of the book, he feels transformed, the reader knows that he's really just been refined.
Readers who love a glimpse of the younger Sherlock Holmes will appreciate Davies' portrayal. In his late twenties, Holmes is on the threshold, just coming into his own. He's not always aware of how he appears or sounds to others. He goes to extremes in his efforts to achieve total self-control. While he's confident in his deductive powers, almost to the point of arrogance, he's actually a man who makes snap character judgments and lets those judgments steer his actions–again, to extremes. In Davies' retelling of STUD, for instance, Holmes doesn't yet have the experience to see how Jefferson Hope's bitterness has led him into madness. As a result, the young detective allows his sense of right and mission to weight the scales of justice in way which (although he swears to Watson he will eventually be easy with it) he will never do again. In fact, he'll do the exact opposite, more than once. Another snap judgment, however, this one on the character of the apparently uninjured "invalided" Army doctor standing before him amidst the test tubes, leads him to a friend who, indeed, "sticks closer than a brother." ‡
As I flip back through my notes and my now-completely inked-up copy of this book, checking to see if there's something I've missed, I'm struck again by how layered this story is, and how much more I got out of a second reading than I did the first. It takes skill to take a conceit that changes a familiar, much-loved world–"what if John Watson were not who he claimed to be?"–and then to use that statement, with all that logically follows, to illuminate that world instead. You need to lift the veil and take a look.
So, have I convinced you? Or not? First commenter wins a copy!
The Veiled Detective is available both online (print and e-book) and in traditional bricks-and-mortar bookshops. David Stuart Davies is a well-known and well-respected Holmesian who has written several well-received novels featuring the Great Detective, as well as a play ("Sherlock Holmes: The Last Act"), and two books on Jeremy Brett and the Granada Holmes series, Bending the Willow and Starring Sherlock Holmes. I could not find an author's website for him, but he is on Twitter.
Star Rating: 5 out of 5 "This is a wonderful book that gets it right."
* This version of The Veiled Detective is part of Titan Books' growing collection, "The Further Adventures of Sherlock Holmes," which is happily reprinting some of the better pastiche/Sherlockian fiction out there. Veiled was previously published in 2004.
**Of course, we all know that at this point in time, the Orontes was serving as a troopship, but Walker, being cashiered, would not be sailing on one of those, so the ship's purpose is transformed. Others may question Holmes and Watson meeting in March in this book, when tradition (and a Plaque) have them meeting in January of 1881. STUD dates from March of that year, however, and since it was their first case together, the March date is not an unreasonable assumption. The only problem date I found was that the Battle of Maiwand is said to have occurred on June 27, 1880, when it actually took place on July 27th of that year. Because Davies' other details are so scrupulously handled, I have to wonder if this is just a typographical error.
***Well, 12 sovereigns may have been involved. And if he hadn't taken them, I'm sure he could have been otherwise persuaded.
†Sound familiar, BBC Sherlock fans? I swear, when I saw Mycroft in the warehouse scene, offering John money to spy on Sherlock, I was as sure as anyone that he was Moriarty, and that Moffatt and Gattiss were referencing this book. I may have squealed some.
†† Primarily "A Study in Scarlet," and "The Final Problem," although others, such as "The Sign of the Four" and "The Greek Interpreter" are alluded to.
†††Free book if you can tell me where that quote comes from, and its context. ("Now we'll see who reads the footnotes!" she cackles.)
‡Proverbs 18:24. It applies very well in this instance, actually.
Filed under AU (Alternative Universe), David Stuart Davies, Five-star reviews, Moriarty, Titan reprints
Tagged as A Study in Scarlet, The Final Problem, The Greek Interpreter, Unreliable narrator
14 responses to "Davies, David Stuart. The Veiled Detective. London: Titan, 2009*"
Madeline Quinones
Oh WOW. I'd picked this book up at Barnes & Noble but had no more than a five in my wallet, so I had to put it back. Very regretfully, let me tell you – and even more regretfully, now! This novel sounds incredible! Already wanted it… now thoroughly won-over!
I love a skewed but thoughtful and respectful AU, and this sounds as though it fits the bill. Just the involvement of Moriarty is enough to intrigue me, but for him to have had an invisible hand in Holmes's life?
Wow. Just wooow!
kathleenkaskawrites
Okay, I'll have to check this one out. I was scrounging the used bookstores yesterday for anything Holmes and left disappointed. Sorry, I wasn't the first commenter, but I'm glad you tuned me into The Veiled Detective.
Delightfully intriguing review! In the ocean of available pastiches, these little buoys marking those deserving of special attention really light the way!
~lucy
When you offer a free book I know I will not be the first to respond!!!
I actually did not care for this one. I remember reading the synopsis a year or so ago and being *really* excited about it, but then I was horribly disappointed. The book felt like a word for word reprint of STUD and SIGN with a little bit of Watson reminding the reader once in a while that he was being controlled, but then not actually doing anything about it – not even trying to mess up Holmes' cases or anything.
Your review, on the other hand, was well-written and insightful as always. Looking forward to the next one!
James O'Leary
"All right, then I'll go to Hell!" Mark Twain "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn", chapter 31 according to Google. Yes, I have read "Huck" but I don't remember the quote. Yes, as a Sherlockian, I read footnotes.
By the way, the context for the quote was whether Huck should be a good white person by informing on Jim's location and thus returning him to slavery, or to rescue Jim and be a criminal by helping an escaped slave. He willingly condemns himself to damnation and helps his friend.
lavardera
I have a question about Study in Scarlet, and there being so many Holmes sites online I'm a bit at a loss as to where to post it. I've just started reading the stories made curious by the recent tv shows and movies, I started with Study in Scarlet for better or worse.
So in the story Jefferson Hope has assistance from a friend in retrieving the wedding ring from Holmes and Watson. The friend comes disguised as an old women, and then skillfully escapes from the cab. Later Hope will not reveal the friend's identity, and Holmes acknowledges what a good job they did. My first thought was this must be Moriarty, but I can find no discussion to that affect anywhere on the internet. Perhaps no, this early story would predate any notoriety around Holmes and Moriarty would be unaware of him? Ever seen any discussion of this idea?
leahguinn
You know, I think I have, at least once, but can't remember where it was. I was also thinking of where you could get more discussion on this, as this review is an older post and might not attract much attention from people who have a more extensive knowledge of "The Game" than I do at this point. Are you on FaceBook? Many bloggers (including myself) have pages there, and a question like this would attract a fair amount of current discussion. Besides my page, I would also recommend Better Holmes and Gardens, the Baker Street Babes, A Scandal in WordPress, I Hear of Sherlock Everywhere, Sherlock DC, and Doyleockian. They're all pretty active and have some very knowledgeable people who comment frequently.
I really like the notion of that "woman" being Moriarty…it makes sense, and as we don't have any real mention of him before Doyle felt it necessary to bring him in for "The Final Problem," it's fun–even essential–to see his wicked hand in other cases. I'll have to do some poking around; I have to think someone wrote this up as an article somewhere.
Yes, I am on facebook and I'd be pleased to look at some pages with Holmes fans. Please link away.
Ever see any discussion…? You are a newbie! That's great! There is so much to explore. The first thing you must realize is: you can never own too many versions of the Canon. Speculation on ole Jeff Hope's friend is as numerous as stars in the sky on a Great Alkali Plain night. The best place to find them is in any of the versions of the annotated Canon. William Baring-Gould published his Annotated in 1967 and is still available on-line. Leslie Klinger published his New Annotated in 2005-6 and is available at *fine* bookstores (if you can *find* one) everywhere and, on-line. Klinger also published the The Sherlock Holmes Reference Library, available from the Wessex Press (wessexpress.com), that goes into much more detail than his New Annotated does. I own all three and while they overlap in information, each is valuable in its own right. you are in an enviable position. There is a huge Sherlockian horizon spread before you. How deep and far you want to explore is up to you. Any one of those three annotations are binoculars. Enjoy the sights. You may come up with your own identification of the young man in drag (I have my own) that you one day may share with the world. We all might read of it in the Annotated of 2025.
Ha! I was actually going to email you about this, because I hated to leave someone just hanging! Glad you saw it!!
You are the second person to mention Baring Gould to me, so I suppose I should track it down. When you say it is available on-line, do you mean it is posted as a web site, or as an ebook, or do you just mean it is available from online retailers?
Baring-Gould's Annotated exists in an analog, not digital, form. As the title suggests it is the works of ACD footnoted with the wisdom of Sherlockian scholars from the beginning of the movement until the late 1960's, Klinger's New Annotated is ACD's works with footnotes of those early scholar's works plus those who toiled in the Holmesian vineyards from the late 1960's to the early 2000's. That, too, is analog. There is naturally overlap but also many differences. I say invest in the physical. The digital realm is ephemeral and has a tendency to disappear without an electrical power source. How deep you go into the Sherlockian world is up to you. I would suggest owning both, but I am deep in Holmesiana. Perhaps your local library has a copy of one or the other or both. Examine. Luxuriate in the physical, analog realm; there is indeed something other-worldly about it.
8th Annual 12th Night Giveaway: The Finale
8th Annual 12th Night Giveaway: Day 13
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The Well-Read Sherlockian · Take a look inside the tin dispatch box….

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


While visions of brown trout slurping dry flies frequent our dreams, the truth is fishing subsurface flies will yield better catch rates most of the year.
If anglers are serious about catching fish, they will do everything they can to increase the odds of success! That often means using multiple flies on one rig to show the fish different looks and different bug imitations. As everyone starts to shake off cabin fever and think about the upcoming trout season, keep these five duo nymph rigs in mind.


Eleanor E. Eidenberger, 92, of Johnson Street in Port Washington died Thursday, June 19, 2003 at Columbia-St Mary's Hospital, Ozaukee in Mequon.
She was born February 6, 1911 to Theodore and Leona Fitrzgerald Reiter in Port Washington. She started working at the Port Washington Chair Factory when she was 13 until it burned down. She married Lester M. Eidenberger of Port Washington on June 18, 1938 at St. Mary's Church in Port Washington. He preceded her in death on July 22 1987.
Eleanor will be remembered for her handmade crafts and delightful bows that adorned her gifts and table centerpieces. She was considered a great cook by many and became a caregiver to many family members throughout her life when they became ill.
She is survived by niece Marlene (John) Kultgen, nephew Mark (Lonne) Schreiner both of Port Washington other nieces, nephews, sisters-in-law Ellen Reiter of Port Washington and Francis Reiter of West Bend, brother-in-law George Schreiner of King, WI, other relatives, the "McDonalds Gang" and friends. She is preceded in death by her husband Lester, sisters Natalie Schreiner and Irene Barsch and brothers Neil and Art Reiter.
Cemetery rites 10:30AM Sat. June 28 at St. Mary's Cemetery Chapel, Port Washington. Rev. James Ernster, celebrant. Masses or memorials of choice appreciated.


DJ Khaled, Lil Wayne, Ross, Nicki Minaj, Chris Brown.. I mean just about everybody collaborated on this record. Seems like just yesterday they were shooting the video and now it's finally here.
The video captures the artists performing in the street with a few vixens here and there. TeamBreezy will love this one a little more than they did RBMS as Chris is all up and through it!
Also showing face were YMCMB's Drake & Busta.


Thursday mornings 10-12, Forest Row, life writing.
During the first term in 2019, we'll focus on writing from life – how to represent the emotional truth, bringing your writing alive and how to create an engaging piece of writing from real events and people.
Becoming a Writer is a weekly creative writing workshop to nurture and encourage your words, whether you've been writing for a while or are dipping your pen in ink for the first time in years.


Many medications used to treat multiple sclerosis come as injections, making self-injecting inevitable for some MS patients. While administering your own shots is scary for many people, MS shots are not nearly as dangerous as you might think. Learning how to inject safely can help ease the anxiety.
Often the biggest obstacle to injecting safely is fear - concern about the shot, the pain, and the possibility of making a mistake. The truth: MS shots are user-friendly and relatively safe.
Following proper technique minimizes the chances of complications and makes things go more smoothly.
Your medication will come with written instructions and training services, but it's best to follow up with training from a skilled doctor or nurse just to reinforce safe practices. Ask the provider to demonstrate injection techniques several times until you have the process down pat.
Another tip: Try to stay calm and relaxed. Take deep breaths and perform relaxation techniques before administering the MS shot to ease any discomfort.
Begin by thoroughly cleansing your hands with soap and water and drying them with a clean paper towel. Avoid using a bathroom towel because it can harbor germs and bacteria.
Next, choose your injection site according to the directions that come with the medication. Swab the area with alcohol, and let air-dry. Refrain from touching the cleansed site and re-introducing germs.
Inject the medication according to directions. After you inject the MS shot, properly dispose of the syringe. To reduce irritation, gently massage the injection site for a minimum of two minutes using a circular motion.
Try to relax the area you are injecting into as much as possible. Injecting into a very tense muscle, for example, is more painful than injecting into a relaxed muscle.
To minimize discomfort, you may apply ice (wrapped in a clean cloth) to the injection site before and/or after you inject. Apply ice for no longer than two minutes. For some, a warm compress is more soothing than ice; apply for two minutes or less.
After you administer an MS shot, it is normal for the area to be a little tender. Usually, this is all you have to be concerned about.
If, however, tenderness does not go away, or if it worsens, call your doctor. You should also monitor the site for any other odd reactions, such as swelling, redness and other signs of infection.
After an injection, the site may be sore and perhaps bruised. It's a good idea to choose another spot for the next injection to allow time for healing.
You will likely have a variety of injection sites to choose among, but it depends on your medication. For example, MS medications called interferons are generally injected into the abdomen or thigh when administered subcutaneously (just under your skin) or injected into the upper arm or thigh when administered intramuscularly (into a muscle). Discuss your options with your doctor.
Give an injection site at least seven days to heal before using it again. If an injection site shows firm knots, lumps, or bruises or feels tender or painful, do not use it this time.
Once you get over the initial fear of MS shots, you'll find that self-injection becomes much easier. It helps to remind yourself of its importance. These shots are helping you maintain your health for the future, and staying well is what matters most.


Following a detailed master planning and competitive tender process, South Dublin County Council has agreed a Joint Venture (JV) development of 975 homes on 72 acres of council lands at Kilcarbery in Clondalkin, Dublin 22.
The mixed tenure development which will include 294 social housing units (30% of the development) is the first of its kind envisaged as part of the major urban sites initiative under "Rebuilding Ireland".
Prior to tender, the Council invested over six months and €500,000 on detailed advance studies including site investigations, archaeological investigations, ecology and environmental impact studies and traffic impact analysis.
This is part of what the Council labels the "de-risking process" which gives potential JV partners confidence in the context of planning and associated risk analysis. The architectural framework plan established an overall design strategy for the site to guide the development of detailed designs thereby ensuring compliance with National and Local Development plan standards.
The Tender process which commenced in April 2017 involved the shortlisting of an initial nine submissions down to four who engaged with the Council in competitive dialogue before the successful tender was announced.
The successful bid by Adwood Ltd. is a consortium of established Dublin builders Adroit and Maplewood. Adwood Ltd. will pay the council €38m and deliver 294 social housing units at competitive rates over four years.
In return for state support through the Local Infrastructure Housing Activation Fund (LIHAF) of €2m, the developer has also committed to delivering 50 units at prices discounted to the market.
The 681 private houses include a comprehensive range of 3 and 4-bed houses as well as 272 one, two and three-bed apartments. The tender also includes an 847 Sqm community building which will be handed over to the Council. As much of the master planning and pre-planning studies have been completed Adwood Ltd. has committed to securing planning and being on site by early summer of 2019.


Lady Antebellum performed a very special iHeartRadio Album Release Party for their brand new album 'Heart Break', check out some of the amazing pics from this event at top.
Stream Lady Antebellum and all of your favourite artists data-free on iHeartRadio Australia on selected Optus mobile plans and streaming apps. Find out more here.


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Built: 1855 – 56
Architect: Thomas Denville Barry
Listing: grade 2
Holy Trinity Church was built in 1855/6 to the design of Thomas Denville Barry (1815 – 1905: an Irishman who came to England in 1845 and was the City Surveyor at Norwich and Liverpool), on land provided from the estate of Jonah Cresingham, in accordance with the wishes of petitions made between 1854 – 1856 and granted by the Bishop of Southwark.
The Church was consecrated in 1856 and is described in Clarke's Parish Churches of London – as being built in a "decadent fourteenth century style with squeezed up windows and too much naturalistic foliage" ; it is also noted that a condition made upon the design, was that there should be "no internal supports".
The church consists of a large clear span nave with symmetrical north and south transepts and a semi-octagonal apse/chancel at the east end, having an organ chamber fitted into its north east junction with the nave, a clergy vestry fitted into its south east junction with the nave, a north tower on the west side of the junction of the north transept with the nave and a turret on the north side of the west end.
The church is built of solid load bearing brickwork, founded on traditional stepped spread footings, faced externally with Kentish ragstone squared random rubble to main wall areas, with dressed bath stone to the spire, copings, piers, buttresses, window and door surrounds and quoins.


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What is cyclic vomiting syndrome?
Girl vomiting and feeling sick illustration
Cancer Syndrome
Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a condition with a specific pattern of vomiting with three main features: paroxysmal (sudden onset), stereotypical (similar episodes), and intervening periods of wellness. There is not one single test that confirms CVS; correct diagnosis is made by having a doctor take a careful history, performing a careful physical examination, and conducting tests to exclude other diseases.
What are the symptoms and signs of Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS)?
Patients present with vomiting episodes that tend to recur in a cyclical pattern, such as every 2 weeks, or every 2 months. The vomiting is paroxysmal, or with sudden onset. Most patients with CVS feel well, until they get a sudden attack of nausea, which usually progresses to vomiting a little later. The nausea and vomiting often start in the evening, and many times can even wake the patient from sleep.
Second, the vomiting episodes are stereotypical. Each vomiting "attack" resembles similar episodes they have had previously. Very often, the attacks last between 8 and 24 hours. However, for some patients, attacks can be as brief as 1-2 hours, and for others they can last several days. Episodes often begin with nausea, and progress to vomiting, with some people vomiting several times an hour. During the vomiting episodes, patients often like to be left alone or be in a quiet place. Other symptoms can also occur during the episode, including severe stomach pain, diarrhea, and headache. Patients can become disoriented, irritable and turn pale and clammy during an attack. Some patients vomit to the point of dry heaves or become dehydrated. The episodes often resolve by themselves without any obvious intervention or explanation.
How common is Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS)?
About 1 in 33,000 children are thought to have CVS. It can occur in adulthood as well, but is more common during childhood.
What causes Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS)?
The definite cause of CVS is unknown. A number of medical studies suggest that in most patients, CVS is related to migraine. The sudden onset of attacks with spontaneous resolution is also seen in patients with migraine headaches. Most (but not all) children with CVS have a family history of migraine. In addition, many of the treatments used to treat migraine headaches are also effective in treating CVS.
What is the treatment for CVS?
Treatment for Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is divided into two major types: abortive therapy and prophylactic therapy. Abortive therapy means giving treatments to stop the episode once it starts, and only giving that treatment during the episode. In contrast, prophylactic therapy means giving a medication every day, whether the child is well or sick, in order to prevent episodes from coming on.
Once a CVS episode starts, it can be very hard to stop. For many patients, the best treatment is supportive, and can, in severe cases, include intravenous fluids and a quiet room in a hospital. Antinausea medicines, including ondansetron (Zofran), promethazine (Phenergan), and chlorpromazine (Thorazine) are sometimes used to reduce the feelings of nausea. Because patients may be anxious and just feel lousy during an attack, they may benefit from an antianxiety medication such as lorazepam (Ativan). Other patients may benefit from antimigraine treatments like sumatriptan (Imitrex). After enough time passes (usually hours to days), most patients come out of the episode.
Prophylactic treatments are medications given on a daily basis to try to prevent episodes from coming on. Studies suggest that in patients with frequent episodes (every 1-2 months), prophylactic treatment can lessen the frequency and severity of episodes. Therefore, in patients having frequent episodes (i.e. every 1-2 months,) prophylactic treatment should be considered. However, if episodes are infrequent (i.e. once a year), prophylactic therapy is probably unnecessary. Prophylactic medications include cyproheptadine, propanolol, and amitriptyline. In some patients with resistant disease, anticonvulsants (i.e. medicines usually used to treat seizures) are often used. These medications include topiramate, valproate, and levetiracetam. While all these prophylactic medicines are generally safe, each has a different side effect profile, and so the benefits and risks of prophylactic therapy need to be reviewed with your physician .
What tests are used in children to diagnose CVS?
In general, the history will strongly suggest CVS. However, in many cases, a physician may need to perform further tests to exclude other conditions. These tests may include: an upper GI series (x-ray with contrast to exclude malrotation), an abdominal ultrasound (ultrasound of kidneys and gallbladder to rule out pathology), and a CT scan or MRI of the head. In addition, during a CVS episode, blood tests and urine tests may need to be obtained to evaluate for other causes of the episode (including infection, inflammation of the pancreas, and metabolic enzyme problems). In some patients, endoscopy (examination of the esophagus and stomach with a scope/video camera that passes by the mouth and goes into the stomach) may be needed.
Tags: cyclic vomiting, cyclic vomiting syndrome, vomiting syndrome
Dehydration – types, causes, symptoms and treatment
Symptoms, Causes and Treatment of Uveitis


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Mark F. Kightlinger
H. Wendell Cherry Associate Professor of Law
Room 247 College of Law
mfkigh2@uky.edu
Mark F. Kightlinger, H. Wendell Cherry Associate Professor of Law, joined the College of Law faculty in 2004. Prior to this, Professor Kightlinger was a partner resident in the Covington & Burling law firm's Washington DC office. He was active in the firm's food law practice, with a particular focus on the impact of new federal bioterrorism legislation. From 1996 through 2001, he was based in the firm's Brussels office, where he developed a legislative and regulatory practice advising leading technology companies on European Union laws and policies affecting the Internet, electronic commerce, online advertising, and data privacy. He also worked on a range of international trade issues, with a primary focus on the WTO's approach to information technology and the Internet. In addition, he assisted Immigration Equality (formerly known as the Lesbian and Gay Immigration Rights Task Force) on a pro bono basis in their efforts to improve the treatment of bi-national same-sex couples under the U.S. Immigration and Nationality Act. Professor Kightlinger's scholarship focuses on Internet law and privacy issues.
Professor Kightlinger received a B.A., summa cum laude, from Williams College in 1981. He received a B.A. from Cambridge University in 1983, and an M.A. in 1995. He received his J.D. from Yale Law School in 1988, and a Ph.D. in Philosophy from Yale University in 1991.
B.A., summa cum laude, Williams College (1981)
B.A., Cambridge University (1983)
J.D., Yale Law School (1988)
Ph.D., Philosophy, Yale University (1991)
M.A., Cambridge University (1995)
Law and Philosophy
Law 845 Jurisprudence
Law 920 Administrative Law
Law 925 International Law
Law 948 Seminar: International Law
Law 924 International Trade Law
Scholarship is available for download at Mark F. Kightlinger's SelectedWorks page.
Mark F. Kightlinger, Two and a Half Ethical Theories: Re-Examining the Foundations of the Carnegie Report, 39 Ohio N.U. L. Rev. 113 (2012).
Mark F. Kightlinger, Nihilism with a Happy Ending? The Interstate Commerce Commission and the Emergence of the Post-Enlightenment Paradigm, 113 Penn St. L. Rev. 113 (2008).
Mark F. Kightlinger, Twilight of the Idols? EU Internet Privacy and the Post Enlightenment Paradigm, 14 Colum. J. Eur. L. 1 (2007).
Mark F. Kightlinger, The Gathering Twilight? Information Privacy on the Internet in the Post-Enlightenment Era, 24 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 353 (2006).
Mark F. Kightlinger, A Solution to the Yahoo! Problem? The EC E-Commerce Directive as a Model for International Cooperation on Internet Choice of Law, 24 Mich. J. Int'l L. 719 (2003).
Architectural Renderings
Renovation and Expansion FAQ
Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA) FAQs


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Learning & Students' Achievement
Every child needs a special and comfortable space to explore his/her limitless boundaries of imagination. Our well-resourced library with its attractive layout is an ideal motivator for our young researchers. The library contains an extensive range of valuable books which are carefully selected to suit children of all ages and motivate them to read and seek more knowledge.
ICT Rooms
In this ever-changing world of technological advancement, ISCS Nad Al Sheba embraces the learning of ICT & Computing by using the latest technologies and software, giving its students a competitive edge by making ICT cross-curricular and integrated across all areas of their learning.
In addition to their class computers and ActiveTables, students will use dedicated ICT labs to keep themselves abreast of the uses of technology in their daily lives.
In addition to building the educational and intellectual capability of children studying at the Foundation Stage, other hands-on skills will also be developed. This includes basic culinary classes that teach them hygiene etiquettes as well as integrating innovation concepts to develop creative and critical thinking skills.
ISCS NAS Accepts 30x30 Fitness Challenge
We accept His Highness Sheikh Hamdan bin Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum 30x30 fitness challenge. Are you in?
We are excited to become a UNICEF UK Rights Respecting School as we work towards being recognized and given the award on behalf of UNICEF UK! We...
Edexcel (Pearson)
ISCS Dubai has proudly achieved Exam Centre status with Edexcel (Pearson). This is an important milestone on our journey to iGCSEs. We wish all...
Great things coming to ISCS NAS - Project You
Great things coming to ISCS NAS. We have been working closely with Project You, supported by Expo Live (part of Expo 2020) to launch a programme...
Beam Virtues workshop
We were thrilled to host the BEAM Virtues integrated workshop focusing on the infusion of faith values in our curriculum. Participants attended...
Nobel Quran and Sunnah competition
Alhamduli Allah, Congratulations to our student Saeed Bintouq Almarri from year 5 for winning the third place in the Nobel Quran and Sunnah...
ISCS Nad Al Sheba is rated Good from the first inspection of KHDA!
We are thrilled to announce that ISCS Nad Al Sheba is rated Good from the first inspection of KHDA! This is an exceptional achievement for our...
Dubai Student Wellbeing summit
Our students Fares Gayath and Faiza Banu from Year 8 represented ISCS NAS in the first ever Dubai Student Wellbeing summit in IMG World of...
A Fitness Challenge - ISCS Nad Al Sheba Vs. KHDA
As part of the Dubai Fitness Challenge, the teachers of ISCS NAS challenged the KHDA to a football match. An exciting morning of sport and fun for...
The ISCS Nad Al Sheba community garden is well underway to being completed with the support of students and the school community. Students have...
For more info please call 04-5107000
ISCS is a subsidiary of Bukhatir Group, Managed By Beam, Sharjah, © 2020 All rights reserved.


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Paid time off: employees accrue 12 days of paid leave in their first year increasing to 27 days in the 4th year of employment; plus 10 paid holidays and 10 sick days per year.
Agency-sponsored professional training as well as individual professional development opportunities.
Other benefits including an employee assistance program, employee wellness program, discount on home/auto insurance, other voluntary insurance such as short term disability and critical illness insurance and more.
Children's Home & Aid, a non-profit organization, is headquartered in Chicago, and has 900+ employees throughout multiple locations in Illinois. Our programs protect, educate and counsel children, youth and families to overcome the obstacles of poverty, abuse and neglect. Each year, we serve over 40,000 individuals throughout the state. In addition to being a part of an organization that is committed to helping children and families, full benefits are offered including medical, dental, vision, life, 401K along with paid time-off and professional development opportunities.
For an overview of our locations, click here.
Children's Home & Aid is committed to the principles of Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative Action.
Children's Home & Aid is committed to supporting military service members and veterans and their families through employment opportunities.
The Youth Services Program Supervisor provides leadership to a team of staff who provide community-based crisis intervention, case management, and counseling services to at-risk children and families. The Supervisor provides case consultation, strengths-based coaching and feedback, and opportunities for professional growth and development. As the Supervisor, you will develop and support a high-functioning team of case managers, and participate in program administration responsibilities, such as managing a program budget and drafting proposals and reports.
Join our team of passionate educators who are committed to making a difference in the lives of the children and families we serve. As a Teacher at Children's Home & Aid, you will work collaboratively with the Lead Teacher to implement the Head Start/Early Head Start Performance Standards for the children and families served in your classroom. Head Start/Early Head Start standards ensure a high level of parent engagement and collaboration in all aspects of the program, and support teachers in meeting their students' educational and developmental needs by providing a comprehensive range of services.


First Kicks is OSU's Active Start program. Players will be introduced to the fun and exciting sport of soccer through physical literacy, technical development, fun games and structured play.
Locations: Centennial Park (East) and Kilbernie Park (West).
Twice a Week Option: Players have the option of registering for both Saturday and Wednesday Sessions.
Sessions are 60 minutes in length and include components of physical literacy, technical development, fun games and structured play in conjunction with the OSA's Long-Term Player Development (LTPD) model.