text:
Formula One races in Japan, Japanese Grand Prix, 1996 Grands Prix
1996 Japanese Grand Prix
1996 Portuguese Grand Prix 16 of 1996 1997 Australian Grand Prix
Suzuka Circuit layout in 1996
Race number
XXII Fuji Television Japanese Grand Prix
XXII フジテレビ日本グランプリ
Suzuka, Mie Prefecture, Japan
Permanent racing facility
5.864km (3.644mi)
Scheduled distance
53 laps, 310.792km (193.158 miles)
Completed distance
Williams-Renault
1:44.043 on lap 34
Mika Häkkinen
Lap Leaders
The 1996 Japanese Grand Prix, otherwise officially known as the XXII Fuji Television Japanese Grand Prix (XXII フジテレビ日本グランプリ in Japanese), was the sixteenth and final round of the 1996 FIA Formula One World Championship, staged at the Suzuka Circuit in Mie Prefecture, Japan, on the 13 October.[1] The race would be dominated by Damon Hill, with the Brit also creating history by becoming the first son of a former Champion to win a World Championship.[1]
The only man who could have denied Hill heading into the finale was his Williams-Renault teammate Jacques Villeneuve, and it was the Canadian racer who claimed pole position ahead of Hill.[1] Michael Schumacher was a second off the pace in third for Ferrari, with a further second separating Schumacher from his teammate Eddie Irvine in sixth.[1]
It had rained for most of the weekend, and so when it dawned bright and warm on Sunday there was some confusion over how to setup the cars.[1] Regardless, Villeneuve had topped the warm-up to suggest he was in the best position, although he knew the fate of his title hopes would be settled at the start.[1]
The start itself would be rather anti-climatic, largely because David Coulthard stalled and caused it to be aborted.[1] The field were duly sent around on a second formation lap, with the Scot lining up at the back, with tensions rising again as they lined-up on the grid once again.[1]
Ultimately it was Hill who mastered his nerves best, making a perfect getaway to launch into the lead, while Villeneuve made a miserable start.[1] Indeed, as Hill disappeared into the first corner all on his own Villeneuve was swamped by Gerhard Berger, a fast starting Mika Häkkinen and the two Ferraris.[1]
Hill instantly eased off the pace, allowing Berger and co. to remain with him during the early laps.[1] That tactic may have been rather foolish as it left him vulnerable to attack, as proved by an overly ambitious lunge from Berger that resulted in the front wing of the Benetton-Renault getting chewed apart by the rear wheel of Hill's Williams.[1]
Miraculously Hill escaped without picking up a puncture, and with Berger having to complete a full lap, was able to establish a four second lead.[1] Berger, meanwhile, would stop at the end of lap four to replace his nose, promoting Häkkinen into second, and Villeneuve, having got ahead of Irvine, into fourth behind Schumacher.[1]
The race would, however, develop into a procession, with Villeneuve unable to get ahead of the two drivers in front, while Hill was cruising out front.[1] Indeed, the order would go unchanged through the first and second pit phases, before Villeneuve's title bid came to an end.[1]
Indeed, five laps into his second stint the Canadian would be sent into a huge spin heading into turn one, his right-rear wheel having flown off the car.[1] Villeneuve's hopes duly came to an end as he slid to a stop in huge cloud of gravel, leaving the Canadian to make a slow march back to the pits.[1]
On track, meanwhile, Hill was left to claim an impressive victory, pacing himself against those behind to maintain a small lead to the chequered flag.[1] Schumacher, meanwhile, would claim second having jumped Häkkinen at the stops, although the Finn did his best to harass the Ferrari through to the chequered flag.[1]
That brought an end to the 1996 FIA Formula One World Championship, which had seen one man emulate his father, and another set himself on the path to best his father. It would also be the final race for Ligier, which would sell itself to a new project headlined by Alain Prost, as well as the end of BBC Sport's live television coverage of F1 until 2009.
Jacques Villeneuve scored his fourth win of the season to keep his title hopes alive, although with Damon Hill finishing second the Canadian's task was made all the more difficult. Indeed, Hill held a nine point advantage heading into the finale in Japan, meaning he would win the title if he finished in the points, regardless of what Villeneuve could achieve. For Villeneuve, however, no result other than victory would earn him the title, with the Canadian racer also needing Hill to fail to score.
The Constructors Championship had seen Williams-Renault open out a 100 point lead after their fifth one-two of the season, leaving Portugal on 165 points. Behind, however, there was just a point between Benetton-Renault in second and Ferrari in third, with those two set to duel for the runner-up spot at the finale. McLaren-Mercedes, meanwhile, were out of the fight for second and third, but had secured fourth ahead of Jordan-Peugeot.
The full entry list for the 1996 Japanese Grand Prix is outlined below:
Scuderia Ferrari Ferrari F310 Ferrari 046 3.0 V10 G
Mild Seven Benetton Renault Benetton B196 Renault RS8 3.0 V10 G
Rothmans Williams Renault Williams FW18 Renault RS8 3.0 V10 G
Marlboro McLaren Mercedes McLaren MP4/11B Mercedes FO 110D 3.0 V10 G
Equipe Ligier Gauloises Blondes Ligier JS43 Mugen-Honda MF301HA 3.0 V10 G
Pedro Diniz
B&H Total Jordan Peugeot Jordan 196 Peugeot A12 3.0 V10 G
Martin Brundle
Johnny Herbert
Red Bull Sauber Ford Sauber C15 Ford Cosworth JD Zetec-R 3.0 V8 G
Heinz-Harald Frentzen
Ricardo Rosset
Footwork Hart Footwork FA17 Hart 830 3.0 V8 G
Ukyo Katayama
Tyrrell Yamaha Tyrrell 024 Yamaha OX11A 3.0 V10 G
Mika Salo
Minardi F1 Team Minardi M195B Ford Cosworth EDM 3.0 V8 G
Giovanni Lavaggi
Source:[2]
Practice Overview Edit
Free Practice 1 Edit
Warm-Up Edit
Practice Results Edit
The full practice results for the 1996 Japanese Grand Prix are outlined below:
Ferrari 1:43.321
Benetton-Renault 1:43.860
Williams-Renault 1:43.747
McLaren-Mercedes 1:42.954
Ligier-Mugen-Honda 1:45.893
Jordan-Peugeot 1:44.441
Sauber-Ford Cosworth 1:45.194
Footwork-Hart 1:47.285
23:38.561
Tyrrell-Yamaha 1:45.789
Minardi-Ford Cosworth 1:48.724
DNP 99 !
Qualifying Edit
Qualifying Results Edit
The full qualifying results for the 1996 Japanese Grand Prix are outlined below:
Ave. Speed
Williams-Renault 1:38.909 — 213.433 km/h
Williams-Renault 1:39.370 +0.461s 212.442 km/h
Ferrari 1:40.071 +1.162s 210.954 km/h
Benetton-Renault 1:40.364 +1.455s 210.338 km/h
McLaren-Mercedes 1:40.458 +1.549s 210.142 km/h
Sauber-Ford Cosworth 1:41.277 +2.368s 208.442 km/h
Jordan-Peugeot 1:41.600 +2.691s 207.780 km/h
Ligier-Mugen-Honda 1:42.206 +3.297s 206.548 km/h
Tyrrell-Yamaha 1:42.711 +3.802s 205.532 km/h
Footwork-Hart 1:43.383 +4.474s 204.196 km/h
Minardi-Ford Cosworth 1:44.874 +5.965s 201.293 km/h
107% time: 1:45.833
Minardi-Ford Cosworth 1:46.795T +7.886s 196.672 km/h
Source:[3][4]
T Indicates a driver used their test/spare car to set their best time in that session.
Bold indicates a driver's best/qualifying time.
Row 1 1 ______________
Jacques Villeneuve 2
______________ Damon Hill
Michael Schumacher 4
______________ Gerhard Berger
Mika Häkkinen 6
______________ Eddie Irvine
Heinz-Harald Frentzen 8
______________ David Coulthard
Jean Alesi 10
______________ Martin Brundle
Row 6 11 ______________
Rubens Barrichello 12
______________ Olivier Panis
Johnny Herbert 14
______________ Ukyo Katayama
Mika Salo 16
______________ Pedro Diniz
Jos Verstappen 18
______________ Pedro Lamy
Row 10 19 ______________
Ricardo Rosset 20
Race Edit
The full results for the 1996 Japanese Grand Prix are outlined below:
Time/Retired
Williams-Renault 52 1:32:33.791 2
Ferrari 52 +1.883s 3
McLaren-Mercedes 52 +3.212s 5
Benetton-Renault 52 +26.526s 4
Jordan-Peugeot 52 +1:07.120 10
Sauber-Ford Cosworth 52 +1:21.186 7
Ligier-Mugen-Honda 52 +1:24.510 12
McLaren-Mercedes 52 +1:25.233 8
Sauber-Ford Cosworth 52 +1:41.799 13
Footwork-Hart 51 +1 lap 17
Minardi-Ford Cosworth 50 +2 laps 18
Footwork-Hart 50 +2 laps 19
Ferrari 39 Collision 6
Tyrrell-Yamaha 37 Engine 14
Williams-Renault 37 Wheel 1
Ligier-Mugen-Honda 13 Spin 16
Benetton-Renault 0 Accident 9
Minardi-Ford Cosworth
T Indicates a driver used their test/spare car.
Milestones Edit
Damon Hill declared as the 1996 FIA Formula One World Championship Champion.
Hill became the first son of a World Champion to win the World Championship.
326th and final race for Ligier as a constructor.[6]
158th and final start for Martin Brundle.
Tenth and final entry for Giovanni Lavaggi.[7]
500th entry for a car entered using #14 as its race number.[7]
21st career victory for Hill.[6]
This was also Hill's 40th podium finish.[6]
Williams scored their 95th win as a constructor.[6]
Renault powered a car to an 86th win.[6]
Mika Häkkinen claimed the 25th podium for a Mercedes engine.[6]
Standings Edit
With that Damon Hill was crowned as the 1996 FIA Formula One World Championship Champion, ending the season on 97 points. The rookie Jacques Villeneuve ended the season nineteen behind in second on 78 points, while Michael Schumacher was a distant third on 59. Jean Alesi was next on 47 points, while Mika Häkkinen secured fifth on 31 points.
In the Constructors Championship Williams-Renault would round out the season on a crushing tally of 175 points, 105 more than the team in second. That team was Ferrari, who moved two points clear of Benetton-Renault on the final day to finish as runner-up to the Anglo-French effort, with Benetton-Renault hence slipping to third. McLaren-Mercedes were next in a lonely fourth, with Jordan-Peugeot completing the top five.
World Championship for Drivers
Damon Hill 97 —
Jacques Villeneuve 78 —
Michael Schumacher 59 —
Jean Alesi 47 —
Mika Häkkinen 31 —
Gerhard Berger 21 —
David Coulthard 18 —
Rubens Barrichello 14 —
Olivier Panis 13 —
Eddie Irvine 11 —
Martin Brundle 8 ▲1
Heinz-Harald Frentzen 7 ▼1
Mika Salo 5 —
Johnny Herbert 4 —
Pedro Diniz 2 —
Jos Verstappen 1 —
World Championship for Constructors
Williams-Renault 175 —
Ferrari 70 ▲1
Benetton-Renault 68 ▼1
McLaren-Mercedes 49 —
Jordan-Peugeot 22 —
Ligier-Mugen-Honda 15 —
Sauber-Ford Cosworth 11 —
Tyrrell-Yamaha 5 —
Footwork-Hart 1 —
Only point scoring drivers and constructors are shown.
Images and Videos:
↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 'Japanese GP, 1996', grandprix.com, (Inside F1 Inc., 2014), https://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr597.html, (Accessed 16/08/2019)
↑ 'Japan 1996: Entrants', statsf1.com, (Stats F1, 2015), https://www.statsf1.com/en/1996/japon/engages.aspx, (Accessed 16/08/2019)
↑ 'Fuji TV Japanese Grand Prix - QUALIFYING', formula1.com, (Formula One World Championship Ltd., 2019), https://www.formula1.com/en/results.html/1996/races/653/japan/qualifying-0.html, (Accessed 16/08/2019)
↑ 'Japan 1996: Qualifications', statsf1.com, (Stats F1, 2014), https://www.statsf1.com/en/1996/japon/qualification.aspx, (Accessed 16/08/2019)
↑ 'Japan 1996: Result', statsf1.com, (Stats F1, 2016), https://www.statsf1.com/en/1996/japon/classement.aspx, (Accessed 16/08/2019)
↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 '16. Japan 1996', statsf1.com, (Stats F1, 2014), https://www.statsf1.com/en/1996/japon.aspx, (Accessed 17/08/2019)
↑ 7.0 7.1 '1996 Japanese GP', chicanef1.com, (Chicane F1, 2014), http://www.chicanef1.com/racetit.pl?year=1996&gp=Japanese%20GP&r=1, (Accessed 17/08/2019)
Japanese Grand Prix
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Ferrari • Ford • Hart • Mercedes • Mugen-Honda • Peugeot • Renault • Yamaha
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Retrieved from "https://f1.fandom.com/wiki/1996_Japanese_Grand_Prix?oldid=84614"
Grand Prix articles
Formula One races in Japan
1996 Grands Prix


"We live in London but we're here by the River Severn because my son got married here in the summer and my daughter-in-law's family live in Worcester. It was her 30th birthday yesterday so we're here for a birthday celebration.
Our walk is less energetic than that today. We're just planning a short circular route, crossing the river on the Millennium Bridge and then walking back along the river on the other side. We love being by the water."


Gillespie and his workforce will mentor the cooks, specializing in the food and service. Meanwhile, Meriwether will give attention to the setting, advertising and social media, and bar operations. Tesco (tscdy) has announced that it's going to remove best earlier than" dates from 70 pre-packaged produce merchandise as a result of individuals have been throwing away food before it really goes dangerous.


Our newest team member shares some insight on his first experiences working at nFuse.
Just after finishing college, I was immediately looking forward to getting my first "real" job. Soon after graduating I came in contact with nFuse. During my internship over at Gluo (Xplore Group) I already got to know nFuse and their services on a very high level, this made getting to know one another a bit easier.
When all agreements were set in stone, I basically couldn't wait to get started over at nFuse. Getting to work on the very first day was quite a pleasant surprise as the team had prepared a so-called "Welcome Package" containing some essential tools such as a top-notch laptop and various other goodies.
The first few days I managed to get my laptop up-and-running with all the required tools. Shortly after the real work began: getting acquainted with all customers, technologies, projects and their infrastructures. At first the tasks seemed easy and quite straight-forward, however the larger my knowledge grew, so did the size of the issues I was facing. Each and every day has been filled with new and unique challenges, which made every day more exciting than the one before. But hey, time flies when you're having fun right?
As the weeks went by the nFuse team kept giving me more and more challenging tasks, to test my resilience and perseverance I suppose. At first it felt like a (over)load of information however I feel like I've managed my stress quite well during these weeks. Soon after, I received the news that the team deemed me ready to take on the first on-call shift. Since nFuse's services are on a 24/7 basis this day had to come eventually, but since I had been fed all required intel, I had great confidence in taking on my first shift, which turned out to be quite a tranquil one.
All in all, I'm quite the happy camper over here. An experienced team to work with on a daily basis, loads of freedom (which I pledged not to abuse) and new challenges to face every day to keep me on my toes. I wonder what nFuse still has in store for me the next few years.


In April each year, as part of the Dento City cherry blossom festival, there is a shogi (a chess like strategy game) tournament with a difference. Instead of using normal or even over sized pieces, all the pieces are actual humans – many dressed in character and of course in the respective colours.
Professional Shogi players are invited to rally their human armies in a mighty battle. Well, kind of.
The venue is a flat square on the peak of Mt. Maizuru – an easy 20 minute walk from Tendo Station.
Shogi is obviously a big deal in Tendo – they also have a shogi museum.


text:
The 64th Group Army (), former 64th Corps and 64th Army Corps, was a military formation of China's People's Liberation Army that existed from 1949 to 1998.

Chinese Civil War and Korean War
The 64th Corps () was created in January 1949 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on 1 November 1948, basing on the 4th Column of the Jinchaji Military Region. Its lineage could be traced to the Jizhong Column formed in 1945.

As of its formation, the Corps was composed by 3 divisions: 190th, 191st and 192nd.

The Corps was a part of 19th Army Group. It took part in many battles, especially the Pingjin Campaign during the Chinese Civil War.

In October 1950, Artillery Regiment, 64th Corps activated. From February 1951 the regiment was renamed as 171st Artillery Regiment. In January 1951 the corps was re-equipped with Soviet-built small arms.

In February 1951 the Corps entered Korea with all its subordinated divisions as a part of People's Volunteer Army. During its deployment in Korea, it took part in the Fifth Phase Offensive, during which the corps suffered heavy losses by indirect fire at the riverbank of Imjin River, but made significant territorial gains against the confronting U.S. 24th Infantry Division.

Port Arthur
In August 1953 the corps pulled out of Korea and stationed in Fengcheng, Liaoning, and later moved to Andong, Liaoning.

In February 1955, as Soviet 39th Army withdrawing from Port Arthur area, PLA 63rd Corps, with all its three divisions and reinforced by 170th Artillery Regiment from 63rd Corps, Independent Tank Regiment of Huabei Military Region, and 1st Public Security Division, moved into Port Authur to receive equipment left by the Soviet Army.
190th Infantry Division, reinforced by Independent Tank Regiment of Huabei Military Region and 170th Artillery Regiment, received equipment from Soviet 7th Mechanized Division, stationed in Xiajiahezi;
191st Infantry Division received equipment from 17th Guards Rifle Division, stationed in Jinzhou District;
192nd Infantry Division received equipment from 19th Guards Rifle Division, stationed in Lüshunkou District.
1st Public Security Division, reinforced with Independent Regiment of People's Volunteer Army and 16th Independent Anti-Aircraft Artillery Battalion, received equipment from 25th Guards Machine-Gun Artillery Division, and became 1st Machine-gun Artillery Division. The division then temporarily attached to the 64th Corps.

After the relieving, 190th Infantry Division, now as 1st Mechanized Division (1st formation), detached from the corps. In March 1953, 21st Railway Security Division joined the corps and renamed as 190th Infantry Division(2nd formation).

In 1955, 171st Artillery Regiment and 89th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment were activated.

In June 1956, 1st Machine-gun Artillery Division detached from the corps.

64th Army Corps
In April 1960 the corps was renamed as 64th Army Corps (). The corps was then composed of:
Corps Headquarter
171st Artillery Regiment
89th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment
190th Army Division
568th Infantry Regiment
569th Infantry Regiment
570th Infantry Regiment
570th Artillery Regiment
191st Army Division
571st Infantry Regiment
572nd Infantry Regiment
573rd Infantry Regiment
571st Artillery Regiment
396th Tank Self-Propelled Artillery Regiment
192nd Army Division
574th Infantry Regiment
575th Infantry Regiment
576th Infantry Regiment
572nd Artillery Regiment
397th Tank Self-Propelled Artillery Regiment

In March 1961 190th Army Division(2nd formation) was disbanded.

In August 1961, 1st Mechanized Division, now as 190th Army Division(3rd formation), rejoined the army corps.

In June 1963 the army corps moved to Benxi, Liaoning.

Vietnam War and Zhenbao Island
From January to August 1968, anti-aircraft artillery detachments from the Army Corps moved to North Vietnam to take part in the Vietnam War. During its deployment in Vietnam, the unit allegedly shot down 4 USAF aircraft and damaged 3:
On 15–16 March, Anti-Aircraft Artillery Battalion, 192nd Army Division (reinforced with 4th Battery, Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment, 64th Army Corps) shot down 2 F-4C/F-105 fighters and damaged other 3;
On 28 March, Anti-Aircraft Artillery Battalion, 191st Army Division shot down 2 F-4C fighters.
However, none of these claims could be confirmed by U.S. sources.

From November 1968 to May 1970, Reconnaissance Company, 190th Army Division, Reconnaissance Company, 191st Army Division, and 57 mm Recoilless Rifle Company, Artillery Battalion, 572nd Infantry Regiment, 191st Army Division were deployed to Zhenbao Island for up-coming border conflict with the Soviet Army. However, the composite unit did not take part in direct engagement.

In January 1976, the 3rd Independent Tank Regiment of Shenyang Military Region joined the army corps as Tank Regiment, 64th Army Corps.

In 1983, 62nd Artillery Division and 82nd Pontoon Bridge Regiment were attached to the army corps.

64th Army
In September 1985, the army corps was renamed as 64th Army(), and its structure was completely re-organized:
62nd Artillery Division and 82nd Pontoon Bridge Regiment detached from the army.
All army divisions were renamed as infantry divisions.
190th Infantry division was classified as northern motorized infantry division, catalogue A; one of its three infantry regiments was mechanized, and all three infantry regiments had tank battalions.
191st and 192nd Infantry Divisions were classified as northern infantry division, catalogue B.
Tank Brigade, 64th Army was activated from Tank Regiment, 64th Army Corps.
Artillery Brigade, 64th Army was activated from Artillery Regiment, 64th Army Corps.
Anti-Aircraft Artillery Brigade, 64th Army was activated from AAA Regiment, 64th Army Corps.
Engineer Regiment was activated.
Communications Regiment was activated.

In summer 1989, 190th Infantry Division took part in the enforced martial law and the crackdown on protests in Beijing, without suffering casualties.

In 1992, 1st Anti-Aircraft Artillery Brigade (62nd Artillery Division before 1985), 82nd Pontoon Bridge Regiment and 10th Engineer Regiment were attached to the army, and former Anti-Aircraft Artillery Brigade, 64th Army and Engineer Regiment, 64th Army were disbanded. Outer Changshan Garrison Division and 2nd Garrison Brigade of Shenyang Military Region(later Coastal Defense Regiment of Shenyang Military Region) were also attached.

Disbandment
In 1998 the army was disbanded.
190th Motorized Infantry Division were transferred to 39th Army;
191st Infantry Division were reduced to a brigade and transferred to Liaoning Provincial Military District;
192nd Infantry Division was inactivated and became a reserve formation;
Outer Changshan Garrison District (former garrison division) and Coastal Defense Regiment of Shenyang Military Region were also transferred to Liaoning Provincial Military District's control;
Tank Brigade, 64th Army, along with other formations, were disbanded.

As of its disbandment, the army was composed of:
Army Headquarter
Engineer Regiment
Communications Regiment
82nd Pontoon Bridge Regiment
190th Motorized Infantry Division
568th Infantry Regiment
569th Infantry Regiment
570th Infantry Regiment
Tank Regiment
Artillery Regiment
Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment
191st Infantry Division
571st Infantry Regiment
572nd Infantry Regiment
573rd Infantry Regiment
Artillery Regiment
192nd Infantry Division
574th Infantry Regiment
575th Infantry Regiment
576th Infantry Regiment
Artillery Regiment
Outer Changshan Garrison District
Coastal Defense Regiment of Shenyang Military Region
Tank Brigade
Artillery Brigade
Anti-Aircraft Artillery Brigade

Notable commanders
Zeng Siyu
Ge Zhenfeng

References

Field armies of the People's Liberation Army
Military units and formations established in 1949
Military units and formations disestablished in 1998
Shenyang Military Region

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Epic New Star Trek: Discovery Season 2 Trailer Blasts Online
Matt Joseph Oct 6, 2018 4:07 pm 2018-10-10T20:32:20-05:00
Season 1 of Star Trek: Discovery was a bit of a mixed bag. True, there were some awesome new characters who we enjoyed getting to know and a good deal of thrilling action and plot twists, but it still wasn't quite the mainstream TV re-invention of the franchise that the producers had hoped it would be. That might all change when season 2 airs in January 2019, though.
When it returns, the show plans to dig deeper into the wider Trek universe. For starters, Inhumans' Anson Mount is hopping aboard as the new captain, Christopher Pike, while Rebecca Romijn will play his first mate Number One. Perhaps most exciting of all, though, is that Ethan Peck has joined the cast as Spock, the third actor to play the role of the iconic Vulcan.
All of that and more is teased in this exhilarating new trailer which blasted into New York Comic Con today. Much like the first preview which debuted back at San Diego Comic Con in July, it teases a lighter outing than last season, with a lot of the doom and gloom gone and in its place, pure, unadulterated fun.
There's a couple of treats for true Trekkies sprinkled throughout here, too, while the preview also gives us our first look at the new Spock, with the Vulcan saying the ominous line: "As a child, I had the same vision, again and again. Now I understand where it must lead." Color us intrigued!
New Star Trek: Discovery BTS Photos Beam Online
As we mentioned above, one of the biggest things to watch out for this season – aside from Spock, of course – is Anson Mount's Captain Christopher Pike, who looks set to shake up Discovery in a "big way." That's according to Sonequa Martin-Green, at least, who offered some insight into Mount's newcomer and what he'll bring to the show's crucial sophomore run recently, saying:
In that big way that a captain affects a ship and a crew. A crew is almost defined by the essence of the captain. We went through the ringer with Lorca, and so there's a little bit of PTSD there. There's a little bit of distrust there because of what we've gone through and because we had someone who manipulated us and sought to kill us for his own gain. And so, Pike being the deeply rooted good guy he is, he is going to have an effect on us. He's soothing in that way. He's comforting in that way. And hopefully you will see us sort of galvanize because of that.
From what we can see here, Star Trek: Discovery season 2 appears to be taking the show in a more fan-pleasing direction and we can't wait to find out what else is in store for us when it returns to CBS All Access in January 2019. We imagine the promotional campaign will begin to really ramp up now, too, as we inch closer and closer to the new year, and as soon as the network brings us more, we'll be sure to let you know.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
package cam.base.io;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;

public class WriteData
{
	public void setChunkOffset(byte[] replaceOffset, byte[] table, int offset, RandomAccessFile raf)
	{
		try
		{
			raf.seek(offset);
			raf.write(replaceOffset);
			table[offset] = replaceOffset[0];
			table[offset + 1] = replaceOffset[1];
			table[offset + 2] = replaceOffset[2];
		}
		catch (IOException e)
		{
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

	public void setChunkSizeInSectors(byte replaceOffset, byte[] table, int offset, RandomAccessFile raf)
	{
		try
		{
			raf.seek(offset + 3);
			raf.write(replaceOffset);
			table[offset + 3] = replaceOffset;
		}
		catch (IOException e)
		{
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

	public void SetChunkSizeInBytes(RandomAccessFile raf, long offset, int size) throws IOException
	{
		try
		{
			raf.seek(offset);
			raf.writeInt(size);
		}
		catch (FileNotFoundException e)
		{
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

	public void setChunkData(byte[] data, long offSet, RandomAccessFile raf)
	{
		try
		{
			SetChunkSizeInBytes(raf, offSet, data.length);
			offSet = offSet + 4;
			raf.seek(offSet);
			raf.write(data);
		}
		catch (IOException e)
		{
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	public void tabletoFile(byte[] table, RandomAccessFile raf)
	{
		try
		{
			raf.seek(0);
			raf.write(table);
		}
		catch (IOException e)
		{
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2019| October-December | Volume 11 | Issue 4
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Evaluation of screening effectiveness of hepatitis B surface antigen and anti-HCV rapid test kits in Pakistan
Usman Waheed, Yetmgeta Eyayou Abdella, Noor e Saba, Muhammad Arshad, Akhlaaq Wazeer, Ahmad Farooq, Javaid Usman, Abida Arshad, Hasan Abbas Zaheer
October-December 2019, 11(4):369-372
DOI:10.4103/JLP.JLP_172_19
OBJECTIVE: The current study was conducted to evaluate the performance and screening effectiveness of commercially available rapid screening kits in comparison with chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This single-center, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Pathology and Blood Transfusion Services, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, PIMS, Islamabad, from January to April 2019. A total of 10 commercially available immunochromatographic test (ICT) devices and one CLIA kit (LIAISON XL) were tested for their sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy using 100 positive and 100 negative samples each for HBV and HCV, respectively. RESULTS: The sensitivities and specificities of ICT kits for hepatitis B surface antigen were 65% and 70% (Hightop), 67% and 85% (RightSign), 62% and 73% (Wondfo), 70% and 80% (Accu-Chek), 68% and 77% (Fastep), 73% and 85% (Abon), 77% and 83% (ImmuMed), 80% and 90% (Insta-Answer), 67% and 81% (BioCheck), and 72% and 83% CTK Biotech, respectively. Similarly, the sensitivities and specificities of different ICT kits for HCV were 69% and 80% (Hightop), 76% and 83% (RightSign), 69% and 81% (Wondfo), 78% and 79% (Accu-Check), 68% and 68% (Fastep), 63% and 73% (Abon), 71% and 70% (ImmuMed), 79% and 68% (Insta-Answer), 62% and 66% (BioChek), and 69% and 78% CTK Biotech, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of Diasorin Liaison Murex assay for both HBV and HCV were found to be 100% when compared with PCR. The PPV, NPV and Accuracy were determined accordingly. CONCLUSION: Rapid testing ICT devices for both HBV and HCV available in Pakistan were found to have a variable degree of sensitivity and specificity when compared with CLIA and PCR. Comparatively expensive but quality methods are more reliable as compared to rapid devices.
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Detection of carbapenemase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa by phenotypic and genotypic methods in a tertiary care hospital of East India
Nishu Verma, Ashok Kumar Prahraj, Baijayantimala Mishra, Bijayini Behera, Kavita Gupta
BACKGROUND: Carbapenemase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a serious threat in hospital infection due to its multidrug resistance. AIM: The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of carbapenem resistance in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and detect the presence of carbapenemase enzymes in carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa (CRPA) isolates by phenotypic and genotypic methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Double-disk synergy test [DDST] and combined disk synergy test [CDST]) was performed in CRPA isolates and the prevalence ofblaKPC,blaNDM-1,blaIMP,blaVIM,blaSIM,blaSPM,blaGIM, andblaOXA-48 was determined. RESULTS: Of 559 isolates included in the study, a total of 102 isolates were resistant to carbapenem that accounted for overall 18.24% (102/559) prevalence. Of these 102 isolates, 89 (87.25%) isolates were positive by DDST and 95 (93.17%) isolates were positive by CDST. Of 102 CRPA isolates,blaVIM was detected in 30 isolates (30/102, 29.1%), followed byblaNDM-1 in 29 (29/102, 28.4%) isolates andblaSIM andblaGIM in 6 isolates each (6/102, 5.8%). A combination of two carbapenemase genes was detected in 12 isolates, with six (6/102, 5.88%) CRPA isolates harboring with bothblaVIM andblaNDM-1 genes. Four isolates were found to harbor a combination of three carbapenem-resistant genes. CONCLUSION: A high rate of carbapenemase production was observed in P. aeruginosa. Coproducers of multiple carbapenemases are also a cause of concern. An in-depth understanding of molecular mechanisms of resistance will be helpful in optimizing patient management and hospital infection control.
Prevalence and clonal relatedness of NDM and OXA-48-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a tertiary care hospital in South India
Poothakuzhiyil Remya, Mariappan Shanthi, Uma Sekar
BACKGROUND: Carbapenems are used for the treatment of serious infections caused by multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Resistance to carbapenems in K. pneumoniae is mainly due to metallo-beta-lactamases (NDM, IMP, and VIM) and class D oxacillinase (OXA-48-like). AIM AND OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to detect the genes encoding for carbapenemase in K. pneumoniae and to determine the clonal relatedness of selected isolates of K. pneumoniae producing NDM and OXA-48 by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis method (PFGE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The isolates were collected over a period of 1 year. A total of 370 clinically significant, nonduplicate isolates of K. pneumoniae were included in this study. Phenotypic tests for the detection of carbapenemases were performed for all the isolates. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out for the detection of carbapenemase genes such as blaKPC, blaIMP, blaVIM,blaNDM, and blaOXA-48. PFGE was performed, and the PFGE profiles were analyzed and compared using BioNumerics version 7.6. RESULTS: Of the 370 isolates of K. pneumoniae, carbapenemase genes were detected in 13.78% (51/370). blaOXA-48was the prevalent gene detected followed by blaNDMand blaKPC. Thirty strains of K. pneumoniae selected by PFGE analysis were divided into five clusters (A, B, C, D, and E). Cluster C was the major type detected carrying blaNDMand blaOXA-48genes. CONCLUSION:blaOXA-48was the most prevalent gene detected in this study. PCR is useful in detecting carbapenemase genes, especially blaNDM, which may show false susceptibility to carbapenems. There was no direct correlation detected between PFGE profiles and antibiotic susceptibility pattern. PFGE has revealed the genomic diversity among isolates, thereby suggesting heterogeneity in strain circulation within intensive care unit and wards of the hospital. Monitoring and molecular typing is essential to curtail the spread of multidrug-resistant strains and control the outbreaks of infection.
Bacteriological profile and perception on hand hygiene in school-going Children
E Kavitha, R Srikumar, G Muthu, T Sathyapriya
BACKGROUND: Handwashing is the most important daily activity to keep microbial infections at a distance. Schoolchildren tend to acquire most of the infections by not following the protocol of frequent handwashing which leads to frequent illnesses and absenteeism from school on a regular basis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted by means of collecting hand swabs from 133 schoolchildren to estimate the extent of germs present. Furthermore, student's perception on hand hygiene was assessed by means of questionnaire. RESULTS: Among the schoolchildren, majority (68.4%) of them felt washing hands is important. Almost 56.4% of students washed their hands before eating lunch, but only 64.7% of them used soaps for cleaning their hands. Furthermore, hand swabs of 133 schoolchildren showed the growth of potential pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., and Enterococcus faecalis. CONCLUSIONS: Hands of schoolchildren were found to be contaminated and measures to inculcate the habit of frequent handwashing with soap are essential.
Knowledge, attitude, and practices of Bio-medical Waste Management rules, 2016; Bio-medical Waste Management (amendment) rules, 2018; and Solid Waste Rules, 2016, among health-care workers in a tertiary care setup
Annapurna Parida, Malini Rajinder Capoor, Kumar Tapas Bhowmik
DOI:10.4103/JLP.JLP_88_19
INTRODUCTION: Biomedical waste poses physical, chemical, radiological, and microbiological risks to the public and health-care workers (HCWs) for current and future generations. AIM: The aim was to gauge the depth of understanding amongst HCWs on biomedical waste management (BMWM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A predesigned questionnaire on knowledge, attitude, and practices on BMWM Rules, 2016 (Principle), and 2018 (Amendment), Solid Waste Rules, 2016, and health hazards in HCW was distributed to all participants. RESULTS: Only 68% of the participants knew that the most important step in waste management is waste segregation. Eighty-two percent of the HCWs working in this setup knew of the different color-coded bins used for segregation. However, awareness was lacking with respect to health hazards associated with improperly segregated and disposed off biomedical waste as only 49% answered the questions on the hazards of waste correctly. Laboratory waste handling was found to be the least understood area of the newer guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: Training aspects of health-care waste management should be strengthened so that the current, existing, and future regulations are practiced diligently and uniformly. Periodic evaluation and assessment should become routine to enforce adherence to waste management.
Endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory biomarkers as a response factor of concurrent coenzyme Q10 add-on metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Hayder M Al-Kuraishy, Ali I Al-Gareeb, Hala A Shams, Farah Al-Mamorri
OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of metformin alone or in combination with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on inflammatory changes and endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total numbers of 54 patients with T2DM compared to 30 healthy subjects were divided into three groups: Group A (n = 30): healthy subjects without any medications; Group B (n = 24): T2DM patients treated with metformin 1 g/day; and Group C (n = 30): T2DM patients treated with metformin 1 g/day plus CoQ10, 300 mg/day. The duration of the study was 8 weeks. Fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile, blood pressure variables, fasting insulin, insulin resistance, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin were measured before and after therapy. RESULTS: Metformin and/or CoQ10 therapy illustrated an insignificant effect on the fody mass index. This combination produced a significant improvement of metabolic changes in patients with T2DM (P < 0.01). sVCAM-1 serum level was decreased significantly after the initiation of metformin and/or CoQ10 therapy compared to the baseline P < 0.05. E-selectin was declined significantly following metformin monotherapy and after metformin plus CoQ10 therapy (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: CoQ10 add-on metformin therapy improves endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory changes in patients with T2DM alongside with amelioration of metabolic profile.
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Co occurrence of two 16S rRNA methyltrasferases along with NDM and OXA 48 like carbapenamases on a single plasmid in Klebsiella pneumoniae
KV L. Aishwarya, PV Geetha, M Shanthi, S Uma
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The carbapenemase-encoding genes, blaNDM- and blaOXA-48-like, confer resistance to all the known beta-lactams and are encountered along with other beta-lactamase-encoding genes and/or 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA)-methylating genes. The co-occurrence of blaNDMand blaOXA-48-likeon a single plasmid is a rare occurrence. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to characterize the plasmids in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates producing 16S rRNA methyltransferase along with blaNDM, blaOXA-48-like, and other resistance encoding genes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One-hundred and seventeen K. pneumoniae clinical isolates which were resistant to aminoglycosides were collected. Polymerase chain reaction-based screening for 16S rRNA methyltransferase genes armA, rmtB, and rmtC; carbapenamase genes blaNDM, blaOXA-48-like, blaIMP,blaVIM,and blaKPC; and other resistance genes such as blaTEM,blaSHV,blaCTX-M, and qnr (A, B, and S) determinants acc (6') Ib-cr was performed. Conjugation experiment was carried out for seven isolates that anchored blaNDMand blaOXA-48-likealong with any one of the 16S rRNA methyltransferases. The plasmid-based replicon typing for different plasmid-incompatible (Inc) group was performed on the conjugatively transferable plasmids. RESULTS: Among the 16S rRNA methyltransferases, armA was more predominant. blaNDMand blaOXA-48-likewere present in 56 (47.86%) and 22 (18.80%) isolates, respectively. Out of seven isolates which were conjugatively transferable, only four had blaNDMand blaOXA-48-likeon the same plasmid and they belonged to Inc N and A/C replicon. Three isolates co-harbored 16S rRNA methyltransferases armA, rmtB, and rmtC, and out of the them, one isolate harbored two 16S rRNA methyltransferases armA and rmtB, on the single-plasmid replicon A/C. CONCLUSION: This is the first report revealing the coexistence of blaNDMand blaOXA-48-likeco-harboring two 16S rRNA methylases on a single conjugative plasmid replicon belonging to incompatibility group A/C.
A fatal, rare case of bilateral, upper, lower limbs and abdominal gangrene associated with brucellosis
Tejashree Anantha, Vidyavathii B Chittaragi, M Krishna Karthik, Jagadeesh Kumar, B Sukesh Kumar, Badveti Satya Sai
Brucellosis distributed worldwide is a classical zoonotic disease. Complications associated with gangrene are quite uncommon and may or might not occur during the course of the disease. Here, we report a pediatric age group patient who presented with fever and gangrene over the upper and lower limbs and abdomen associated with brucellosis.
Evaluation of prognostic utility of Ki-67, P53, and O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase expression in pituitary tumors
Chhanda Das, Pratap Mondal, Madhumita Mukhopadhyay, Satinath Mukhopadhyay, Ipsita Ghosh, Anusha Handral
BACKGROUND OR CONTEXT: Pituitary adenoma (PA) is the most common pathology of the pituitary gland. Pituitary tumors were historically considered benign, however, from recent advances in pathological and molecular analyses, numerous prognostic markers have been identified, allowing a better characterization of tumor behavior and prediction of response to treatment and recurrences. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Evaluation of the epidemiological occurrence of pituitary tumors in our center and prediction of the benign, aggressive, or malignant nature of the tumor with the help of immunohistochemical markers (IHC) Ki-67, P53, and O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) along with radiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study was done in 33 cases. Patients with clinically suspected pituitary tumors and related symptoms and signs are referred from the endocrine outpatient department and subsequently operated at the neurosurgery department were selected. We have studied the clinical features, radiology, histopathology, and IHC with the help of Ki-67, P53, and MGMT of PA over 2 years. RESULTS: We have 94% (31/33) cases of PA among them 94% (29/31) cases are macroadenoma. The IHC was conducted on 30 cases (excluding 1 case of pituitary apoplexy) where Ki-67, p53, and MGMT have been used for IHC in order to analyze the prognosis of the PA, irrespective of the immunological subtype of the PA. In our study, only 13% (4 patients) had MGMT score 0 and 2 patients, among these 4 patients having above cutoff level of Ki-67 and p53 value, considered as aggressive (in case of Ki-67 >3% and >50% in case of p53). When comparing MGMT expression with recurrence, a high degree of significance was found (Mann–Whitney U-test, P = 0.0038). Most of the recurrent tumors (6/9) had MGMT score 1 or below and most of the nonrecurring tumor had MGMT score 2 or above. When comparing MGMT expression with aggressiveness, a high degree of significance was found (Mann–Whitney U-test, P < 0.0001). Finally, combining the radiological Ki-67, p53, and MGMT values, two cases of aggressive adenoma have been seen in our study, the remaining being benign adenomas (WHO classification 2004). We did not encounter any case of pituitary carcinoma. MGMT did not show any significant correlation with radiological grading and histology. CONCLUSION: The benign, aggressive, or malignant nature of PA can be effectively predicted with the help of IHC, such as Ki-67, p53, and MGMT. This helps in better patient management and predicts recurrences and prognosis.
Evolution of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes in India
Pankaj Singh, Sharda C Metgud, Subarna Roy, Shashank Purwar
CONTEXT: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is the leading cause of infectious diarrhea in developing countries. On the basis of virulence and phenotypic characteristics, the DEC is categorized into multiple pathotypes. Each pathotype has different pathogenesis and geographical distribution. Thus, the proper management of disease relies on rapid and accurate identification of DEC pathotypes. AIMS: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of DEC pathotypes in India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out between January 2008 and December 2012 at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Center, Belgaum (Karnataka), India. A total of 300 stool samples were collected from diarrhea patients with age >3 months. The DEC was identified by both conventional and molecular methods. RESULTS: Of 300 samples, E. coli were detected in 198 (66%) and 170 (56.6%) samples by culture and polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Among DEC (n = 198) isolates, eae gene (59.5%) was the most prevalent followed by stx (27.7%), east (27.2%), elt (12.6%), est (10.6%), ipaH (5.5%), and eagg (1.5%) genes. On the basis of virulence genes, enteropathogenic E. coli(33.8%) was the most common pathotype followed by Shiga toxin-producing E. coli(STEC, 23.2%), enterotoxigenic E. coli(ETEC, 13.6%), enteroinvasive E. coli(5.5%), enteroaggregative heat-stable enterotoxin 1-harboring E. coli(EAST1EC, 4.5%), STEC/ETEC (3.5%), STEC/enteroaggregative E. coli(STEC/EAEC, 1.0%), and EAEC (0.05%). CONCLUSIONS: The hybrid DEC is potentially more virulent than basic pathotypes. The pathotyping should be included in clinical settings for the proper management of DEC-associated diarrhea.
Spectrum of respiratory viral infectionsin liver disease patients with cirrhosis admitted in critical care unit
Vijeta Bajpai, Ekta Gupta, Lalita Gauri Mitra, Hemant Kumar, Rakhi Maiwall, Kapil Dev Soni, Amit Gupta
DOI:10.4103/JLP.JLP_6_19
BACKGROUND: Clinical significance of respiratory viruses (RVs) as an etiology of pneumonia in liver disease patients with cirrhosis is usually underestimated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the spectrum of RVs in cirrhotic patients with pneumonia admitted in critical care units (CCUs) and its impact on the clinical outcome of cirrhotic patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A prospective study was conducted in a tertiary care CCU, and consecutive cirrhotic patients with pneumonia were included. Bronchoalveolar lavage or throat swab/nasal swab was collected in viral transport medium for analysis of RVs by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction. A total of 135 cirrhotic patients were included, viral and bacterial etiology of pneumonia was identified, and analysis was done with the clinical outcome. RESULTS: Overall, RVs were detected in 30 (22.2%) cirrhotic patients and viral–bacterial coinfection in 16 (11.8%) cirrhotic patients. The most common virus detected was rhinovirus in 9 (30%) patients. Mortality in cirrhotic patients with RV infection was significantly higher in comparison to cirrhotic patients with no RV infection (25 [83.3%] and 11 [12.3%], respectively, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Respiratory viruses in cirrhotic patients with pneumonia are associated with poor clinical outcome.
Inflammatory pseudotumors of the liver: Importance of a multimodal approach with the insistance of needle biopsy
Neha Nigam, Shikha Singh Rajani, Archana Rastogi, Anupama Patil, Nikhil Agrawal, Binit Sureka, Asit Arora, Chhagan Bihari
CONTEXT: Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of the liver is a rare, tumor-like lesion that is considered to be biologically benign but often mimics malignancy. AIMS: The aim of the study was construe clinicopathological features, imaging findings, differential diagnosis, management, and follow-up of IPT involving the liver. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: It is a retrospective study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Cases included were of IPT, diagnosed on histopathology, at our center from June 2009 to December 2016. Details studied were clinical presentation, imaging studies, laboratory investigations, pathological features, treatment, and follow-up of the cases and compared with reports in the literature. RESULTS: A total of cases of IPT included were 17. The age of the patients ranged from 21 to 62 years. Common presenting features were intermittent fever, upper abdominal pain, and weight loss. Radiological diagnosis varied from neoplastic (13) to infectious etiologies (4), with hepatocellular carcinoma being the most common differential (7/17). Laboratory investigations revealed leukocytosis, hyperbilirubinemia, raised transaminases, and raised serum alkaline phosphatase. Core biopsy of a tumor conceded increased fibrosis along with mixed inflammatory cell infiltrates. Eleven cases were managed conservatively and showed regression or complete recovery. Six patients underwent surgical resection. None of these had any recurrence in median follow-up of 22 months. CONCLUSIONS: IPT of the liver can masquerade as a fatality, either primary or metastatic. It will be well managed with conservative modalities and can avoid redundant hepatectomy, reserved for complicated cases. For this intent, accurate preoperative diagnosis is the requisite, and needle biopsy with or without fine-needle aspiration cytology plays as a significant rescuer in this field.
Recent pattern of antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates in Eastern India and the emergence of reduced susceptibility to vancomycin
Srujana Mohanty, Bijayini Behera, Subhrajyoti Sahu, Ashok Kumar Praharaj
PURPOSE: We aimed to determine the recent pattern of antibiotic resistance and assess the vancomycin susceptibility profile of clinical Staphylococcus aureus in view of emerging reports of vancomycin creep, reduced vancomycin susceptibility (RVS), including heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (hVISA) and vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus, and vancomycin resistance in S. aureus isolates. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consecutive, nonduplicate isolates of S. aureus between July 2015 and June 2016 were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using standard disk diffusion test or Etest as per the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2015. Detection of hVISA was done by glycopeptide resistance detection Etest according to the manufacturer's instructions in strains with vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration of 1–2 μg/ml. RESULTS: A total of 284 S. aureus were obtained from pus (175, 61.6%), respiratory tract (31, 10.9%), urine (27, 9.5%), blood (25, 8.8%), body fluids (18, 6.3%), and catheter tips (8, 2.8%). 127 (44.7%) isolates were methicillin resistant, and 158 (55.6%) were multidrug resistant. High resistance was observed to penicillin (81.7%), erythromycin (62.3%), and ciprofloxacin (52.1%), whereas the resistance was low to gentamicin (5.3%), rifampicin (8.1%), and doxycycline (9.5%). Two hundred and fifty-one (88.3%) isolates were fully susceptible to vancomycin, whereas 33 (11.6%) demonstrated RVS. All were uniformly susceptible to linezolid, tigecycline, and daptomycin. CONCLUSIONS: A moderately high percentage of S. aureus isolates demonstrated RVS, which may limit its usefulness in methicillin-resistant isolates and may be associated with increased complications in methicillin-susceptible infections. In view of increasing glycopeptide resistance, the susceptibility status of vancomycin along with other antibiotics among clinical S. aureus isolates should be investigated periodically.
Von Meyenburg complex clinically presenting as metastatic liver nodule: A rare finding in an elderly male
Nadia Shirazi, Neena V Chauhan, Smita Chandra, Sunil Saini Kumar
Von Meyenburg complex is a benign biliary hamartoma observed in approximately 3% of the autopsies conducted. These hamartomas are small, multiple and can be seen anywhere in the liver. There is usually no abnormality in liver function tests, and the patient is mostly asymptomatic. They serve as a diagnostic dilemma, particularly during metastatic workup in suspected cancer patients. Imaging studies are usually noncontributory, and biopsy is necessary for a definite diagnosis. We present here a middle-aged North Indian male who underwent liver biopsy to rule out metastasis.
A case of myelodysplastic syndrome with t(10;18)(q26;q21)
Yusuke Ohba, Minami Yamada-Fujiwara, Tadanori Minagawa, Suguru Watanabe, Yoko Okitsu, Yoshihiko Izumi, Junichi Kameoka, Shinichiro Takahashi
An 82-year-old male was admitted. Pancytopenia, a slightly low white blood cell count (3400/μL), and low levels of red blood cells (2.65 × 106/μL), hemoglobin (10.4 g/dL), and platelets (118,000/μL) were observed. Bone marrow aspiration was performed, revealing hypocellular bone marrow and normal blast levels (0.6%) with no dysplasia. G-banding chromosome analysis revealed the karyotype 45,X,-Y[3]/45, idem, t(10;18)(q26;q21)[13]/46,XY[4]. The patient was diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome, unclassified (MDS–U). This is the first case report demonstrating a patient with the chromosomal translocation, t(14;18)(q32;q21), which is extremely rare. This chromosomal aberration was critical for the diagnosis of MDS in this patient.
An unique encounter with paraprotenemia
B Pallavi, U Krishnamurthy
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Trends of voluntary reporting of needlestick injuries and hepatitis B vaccination status among health-care workers of a tertiary health care center in Puducherry
Mangaiyarkarasi Thiyagarajan, Udhayasankar Ranganathan, Sunil Shivekar, Gopal Rangasamy
BACKGROUND: Health-care workers (HCWs) can sustain needlestick injuries (NSIs) during patient care activities and are at a greater risk of exposure to blood-borne infectious agents such as HBV, HCV, and HIV, among which only HBV has an effective vaccine. Unfortunately, both the voluntary reporting rates of NSIs and HBV vaccination coverage among HCWs have been generally low. This study aims to analyze the trends of voluntary reporting of NSIs and the HBV vaccination status among the HCWs of our tertiary health care center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted between January 2016 and July 2018 at a tertiary health care center in Puducherry. A standard pro forma was filled by all HCWs reporting NSIs. HIV, hepatitis B virus surface antigen, and hepatitis C virus were tested using rapid card tests, and anti-hepatitis B surface titers were tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay according to the manufacturer's instructions. RESULTS: A total of 83 incidents of NSIs were reported. Nursing staffs reported the maximum number of incidents followed by students. About 42 incidents of NSI were reported in the year 2018 compared to 26 and 15 incidents reported in 2017 and 2016, respectively. Only 37 HCWs had taken the complete course of HBV vaccine. CONCLUSION: This study shows an increase in the voluntary reporting of NSIs by the HCWs, but the HBV vaccination status among them was found to be low.
Immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67, p53, and CD10 in phyllodes tumor and their correlation with its histological grade
Swasti Shubham, Arvind Ahuja, Minakshi Bhardwaj
CONTEXT: Phyllodes tumors (PTs) are the fibroepithelial neoplasms of the breast. Histologically, PTs are divided into three subgroups according to their clinicopathological behavior: benign, borderline, and malignant. It is at times difficult to ascertain the grade of PT on morphological criteria alone, especially borderline PT may be at times difficult to distinguish from its benign or malignant counterparts. AIMS: This study was undertaken to evaluate an immunohistochemical panel of Ki-67, p53, and CD10 in PT and to determine their expression in PT in correlation with its grade. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was a retrospective study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study included six malignant, six borderline, and twelve benign PT. Expressions of Ki-67, p53, and CD10 were evaluated on all the 12 cases and compared in these three categories. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Chi-square test was applied, and P < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. RESULTS: Stromal expression of Ki-67 and p53 between the benign and borderline/malignant group showed a statistically significant difference. Neither CD10 expression nor epithelial expressions of Ki-67 and p53 were found significant. Periepithelial accentuation of Ki-67 and p53 immunostaining was noted in all positive cases. CONCLUSIONS: Ki-67 labeling index and p53 immunostaining can be a useful adjunct to determine the grade in difficult cases. However, no single immunomarker can reliably distinguish between benign and borderline phyllodes in all cases.
Serum soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1 in ectopic pregnancy
Sathya Selvarajan, Jothimalar Ramalingam, Jaya Vijayaraghavan, Zachariah Bobby
CONTEXT: The diagnosis of an ectopic pregnancy (EP) requires the usage of serial beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) measurements and ultrasonography to locate the gestational sac. With the rising trends in its incidence, a rapid, noninvasive biomarker to detect this condition at the earliest can aid in decreasing the morbidity and mortality linked with EP. AIMS: This study was performed to determine the serum level of soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFLT-1) at 4–10-week gestation in EP and normal pregnancy and to identify whether it can be used as a biomarker to distinguish an EP from a normal intrauterine pregnancy. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was a prospective case–control study conducted over 2 years from 2015 to 2017 in 280 women between the age groups of 19 and 38 years at a tertiary level hospital. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Levels of sFLT-1 in sera of 140 women with EP and 140 women with normal pregnancy were assayed by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS software version 16.0, andP ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The median sFLT-1 level in EP was 419 pg/ml. This was significantly lower than the value of 898 pg/ml in normal pregnancy. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that at a cutoff of 623 pg/ml, sFLT-1 was able to distinguish an EP from a normal intrauterine pregnancy with a sensitivity of 98.6% and a specificity of 90.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed the significant early lowering of sFLT-1 in EP and may be considered as an effective biomarker compared to beta-hCG.
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Allergic aspergillosis in asthmatic patients in a tertiary hospital in the Kingdom of Bahrain
Abdullah A Al-Saleh, Eman Farid, Mohammed Makhlooq, Munner Mahdi, Mohammed Reda, Thuraya Zaid, Sugra Al-Alawi, Amit Panjwani, Nasser Salman, Hussien R Ali, Khalid Bindayna
BACKGROUND INFORMATION: Aspergillosis is an alarming complication in asthma, leading to worsening symptoms and irreversible lung damage. It is underdiagnosed among asthmatics worldwide, especially in our geographical region. AIM: This research was aimed to shed some light on the prevalence of Aspergillus sensitization and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in asthmatic patients in the Kingdom of Bahrain. IMPORTANCE: This project has never been conducted in the region and hopefully will lead to a better care for asthmatics. METHODOLOGY: Our study population consisted of adult outpatients visiting the pulmonary and chest diseases clinic at Al-Salmaniya Medical Complex (SMC); the main inclusion condition was manifesting respiratory distress symptoms related to one or more respiratory tract diseases. 152 individuals were selected; the study group consisted of 119 asthmatic patients manifesting respiratory distress. The control group consisted of 33 nonasthmatic patients that manifested pulmonary distress symptoms due to respiratory tract diseases other than asthma like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchitis, among others. Sera samples were collected in SMC and analyzed via Phadia-250 fluoro-enzyme-immunoassay to determine the levels of Aspergillus fumigatus-specific IgE. The rAsp f1 antigen was used against IgE. RESULTS: Our results indicated a 16% prevalence of A. fumigatus sensitization in asthmatics; also, 75.6% of asthmatics were sensitized to pollen grains, and 22.3% reported one or many food allergies. Furthermore, details of patients with significant levels of A. fumigatus- specific IgE were analyzed, and ABPA prevalence was estimated to be 10.1% in asthmatics. CONCLUSION: Increasing awareness toward these indolent diseases is required, as well as, more efforts in determining the burden of aspergillosis in other parts of the region.
© 2008 Journal of Laboratory Physicians | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
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JOLITA VAITKUTE
Awaken from books
Installation from books for Martynas Mažvydas National Library of Lithuania
Installation was build for a library interior only using old books and black paper.
Awaken from books – represents eight famous creators, national awakers, writers and scientists who lived and worked in Lithuania in the late 19th and early 20th century. The poet Bernardas Brazdžionis, social figure and publicist Gabrielė Petkevičaitė-Bitė, linguist Jonas Jablonskis, semioticist and linguist Algirdas Julius Greimas, scientist, archaeologist Marija Gimbutienė, philosopher Stasys Šalkauskis, writer, philosopher Vydūnas, prose writer, playwright Žemaitė – look at the Martynas Mažvydas National Library's of Lithuania visitors.
The 71 square meters installation is like a bridge between history and the present. Books revive by living history, and in the way like this, makes sense of space.
Photos taken by Emilija Vinžanovaitė
Place Martynas Mažvydas National Library of Lithuania
© 2021 vaitukute.com. All rights reserved


Spending 8 (or more) hours a day in an office can be stifling. That's especially true if you're spending it in an uncontrolled mess! Sure, keeping things tidy can be tough with an office full of individuals who all have different ideas of "cleanliness," but following our nine tips below can help you feel a bit less frazzled and maybe even a little more productive.
Keep cleaning supplies on-hand. When you have desk and window cleaner, disinfecting wipes and paper towels on hand, people are much more likely to use them (imagine that!).
Make room for a coat closet, or install hooks or a coat rack to keep clothing items from getting unwieldy in smaller spaces.
De-junk! If you've got files dating back decades, it may be time to get rid of some things. Keep only the old paperwork required by the IRS or other legal entities.
Go paperless: Clean the clutter and be environmentally friendly at the same time by instituting a no-paper policy. Make sure all employees are trained to store necessary files electronically with proper backup.
Supply extra trash/recycling bins: Keep trash and recycling bins in close proximity to each desk so employees aren't tempted to procrastinate tossing out unnecessary paperwork and other junk.
Hire an intern to file: Your office may be the victim of a filing regime gone bad! Hire an intern or base-level employee to keep paperwork and files neat and organized for everyone.
Institute a clean-up policy for the break room: Rotate the task of tidying up the break room (including refrigerator) among employees to keep the kitchen area fresh and clean.
Keep a dust-vac around: You may not need a heavy duty vacuum, but keeping a small handheld vacuum around can help with small messes, daily dirt, and crumbs.
Hire a great cleaning service! To keep things clean on a regular basis, hire a well-reputed company for the deep cleaning. We may even know of one!


Elegantly » Having the ability to easily move through your kitchen will help reduce the potential risks of mishaps and make using your kitchen nicer. Design the storage space areas which means you can find pots, pans and other food preparation utensils without having to go definately not the stove. Use hooks or drawer separators to make arranging your kitchen easier.
Elegantly » You should also spend time on the lighting in your kitchen. Proper light can really bring life to this room. Countertop lamps are popular in current kitchen designs. You can complete the remodeling of your kitchen by having new floors installed. Choose floors that will decrease the risks of slipping should you spill water on the floor.


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Hello. We have a Craftsman 42" riding mower with the B&S 20hp OHV Intek single cylinder (model #31P977 type 0635 E1). This mower is approx 15 yrs old but hoping to get a little more usage. However I am scratching my head and wondering what I could have missed. After it's off season sleep added fresh fuel and it started right away and moved 50 feet to garage to prep for new season. Did notice in that short span it ran at full throttle and would not slow but did not give much thought.
Gave carb side of engine a good clean with carb cleaner and that where problems began. Tried to start again and only result was a very slow rpm that would run 15-20 seconds. I checked fuel flow before and after the fuel cutoff valve and fuel filter there was no clogs. Remembered in past couple seasons at low idle it would have some surging but continued on to check spark.
Cleaned the surface rust off flywheel magnet (only one-correct?) and made sure the magneto had proper gap at flywheel. Did the old school test of viewing plug while turning motor over and there was a visible spark. Put plug back in and attempted restart but there was no improvement.
At this point decided it was time for new parts. I have replaced the carb, magneto and spark plug looking for the culprit. After all this best it will do is maybe a one minute run at the very low rpm and that is not an immediate start.
I am a novice with small engines and at my wits end. Wondering at this point if there might be some interior part failure and thinking perhaps might be time to perform a compression check. Blown head gasket? Any advice would be greatly appreciated.
When you said it ran in full throttle, were you in full throttle just couldn't throttle down?
If you spray some carb cleaner in carb do the rpms pick up? Also when's the last time you checked the valve clearances?
Hello Mikel. Referring to the full throttle this was at initial start....after a short turnover with choke, throttle was moved to full to start. Hoping for some idle run time after moving discovered it would not throttle down. With the old carb did try spraying with cleaner while running and no change. After installing the new carb did not try any spray while running.
Valve clearance has not been considered. Valve cover has never been removed so no checks performed. Please forgive if this is a dumb question.....what would cause these clearances to change?
Normal wear. Briggs recommends adjusting the valves every 50 hrs of use. Some engine go longer and others less. If it has never been adjusted in 15 yrs. I would not be surprised that you find a dropped push rod.
Thanks AVB. Very good suggestion. I've wondered if issue could be internal and this would be good thing to check. From what I have found the clearance for both valves is .005/.007. So I would think set the clearance to .006? How can I tell which is intake vs exhaust and is there one that should be done first?
Briggs has the procedure as to bring the piston to TDC compression and then a 1/4" pass. THis makes sure that the ACR is not affecting the adjustments. Then you adjust both valves. Personally I still do it the old way by doing each valve separately; just how I have done valves for 50 yrs and it is hard to change now. To which valve to adjust first doesn't matter. On the 310000 vertical the intake is the one closest to the oil pan (crankcase access cover). It is also the valve that has the ACR bump on. Being an OHV I always adjust to tighter clearances IE .003 IN and .005 EX as I know these will open up over time but setting in middle will work fine too.
Just remember to cycle the engine a few times and recheck before sealing up the valve cover. Also remember if using RTV make sure both contact surfaces are oil free and remain oil free for at least 24 hrs so the RTV will properly cure.
Thank you so very much for these instructions. Removed the valve cover today and parts fell out,discovered the alum push rod broke aargh. After $130 in other parts my issue probably going to be less than ten dollars to correct. Will return to these instructions upon reinstall.
That would the intake push rod (692003). Also make sure you find both of the valve stem caps ((buttons) 691843). If I remember correctly this engine does use two. Some only has one on the exhaust.
Hello AVB. Thank for all your advice and per your instructions have been successful. Installed the new push rod and set the valve clearances on the tighter side since it is a 15 year old motor. That along with the new parts I probably did not need it runs like a top. Hoping to get a few more years out of this lawn tractor before we are able to upgrade.
Just a side note that scared me at first. When I first started it was without the shroud and air cleaner and was super smooth. In a few minutes began an erratic surging watching the governor bounce back and forth along with belching smoke like a skeeter fogger. Installed the shroud and air filter and that situation went away.
Thanks again for all your help and the B&S lives to mow another day.


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This week's bestsellers plus special offers on brand new titles
Posted on June 14, 2019 by newdesk
A selection of this week's most popular titles
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Arnhem 1944 A Railway History of New Shildon An Eagle's Odyssey The Americans on D-Day and in Normandy
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Born on this day, 12 June 1929: Anne Frank
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Kindle and ePub editions only £2.99 each: The Legacy of Anne Frank by Gillian Walnes Perry, co-founder of the Anne Frank Trust UK.
From her secret hiding place in wartime Amsterdam, the Jewish teenager Anne Frank wrote heart-wrenchingly about the terrors of a captivity that would ultimately end with her death at the hands of the Nazis. In her world-famous diaries, she described with remarkable honesty her transition from childhood to a deep thinking, opinionated and passionate teenager. The life she longed to live, during which she would help to create a more caring world, was tragically not to be. In August 1944, she and her family were captured and deported to Auschwitz.
Two years after her death from starvation and disease in Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, her diary was published. It quickly became an international sensation, going on to influence hearts and minds for over seventy years.
Although many books and literary analyses have been written about Anne Frank's life and diary, none have explored the surprising influence she has had on young people in countries all over the world, helping to shape their moral framework and giving them critical life skills. This is due in part to the merits of a travelling exhibition created by the Anne Frank House in Amsterdam in 1985 which has so far been seen by over 9 million people. The Anne Frank exhibition, along with its innovative educational and cultural activities, has circumnavigated the globe many times.
In this fascinating study, Gillian Walnes Perry explores the various legacies of Anne Frank's influence. She looks at the complex life of Anne Frank's father and the motivations that powered his educational philosophy. She shares new insights into the real Anne Frank, personally gifted by those who actually knew her. Global icons such as Nelson Mandela and Audrey Hepburn relate the influence that Anne Frank had on shaping their own lives.
This book presents – all in one place and for the very first time – the inspirational stories of a diverse variety of people from all over the world, brought together by the words of one particularly articulate and inspiring teenage victim of the Holocaust.
Also available in paperback – only £14.99
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British Steam Military Connections The Pope's Army Castle to Fortress Barking and Dagenham in the Great War
After the Lost Franklin Expedition The Art Lover's Guide to Paris Napoleon's Imperial Guard Uniforms and Equipment Guns of the Special Forces 2001 – 2015
The Secret Serial Killer – The True Story of Kieran Kelly by Robert Mulhern.
As seen in The Irish Post, June 2019: 'New book throws up surprise twists in case of Kieran Kelly, Irishman reputed to have killed 31 people'.
On the evening of 21 August 1983, Metropolitan Police detectives raced to the cells of London's Clapham Police Station to find a prisoner dead and his cellmate sat cross-legged and quiet in the corner. Kieran Kelly, a labourer from Ireland, quickly confessed to strangling the prisoner – and then stunned officers by confessing to dozens of unreported and unsolved murders over the previous 30 years.
Detectives believed they were in the presence of Britain's most prolific serial killer yet Kelly was convicted on just two of his admissions and his story went unnoticed until 2015, when a former police officer who worked on the case claimed the killer's crimes were covered up by the British Government. Strangulations, murders on the London Underground, an internal Metropolitan Police review – as the story's elements whipped the international news media into a frenzy, journalist Robert Mulhern set off on a methodical search for the truth against the backdrop of an ever-increasing body count.
Could Kieran Kelly really have murdered 31 times?
Coming soon, preorder now with 20% off RRPs
Lionel Morris and the Red Baron Women's Suffrage in Scotland The Modified Bulleid Pacifics The United Kingdom
Stug III and IV Poland's Struggle Tracing Your Ancestors Using DNA To the Last Man
Following in the Footsteps of Oliver Cromwell The Men Who Flew the Hawker Hunter Secret War The Killing of the Iron Twelve
Click to browse all titles now available to preorder
Operation Dragoon – The Liberation of Southern France 1944 by Anthony Tucker-Jones.
As featured in the Daily Mail, June 2019: 'The "Second D-Day" allied invasion of the south of France was proclaimed a success but was actually a futile exercise that paved the way for Stalin to take over Eastern Europe, military historian argues'.
Operation Dragoon, the Allied landings in the south of France in August 1944, is seen as a sideshow supporting Operation Overlord, the crucial D-Day landings in Normandy. Often the operation is criticized as an expensive diversion of men and equipment from the struggle against the German armies in Italy. Yet, as Anthony Tucker-Jones shows in his new in-depth study, Dragoon and the subsequent Allied advance across southern France played a central role in the liberation of Europe, and the operation had far-reaching political and military ramifications.
Controversy dogged the plan from the start. Fierce disagreement among the senior Allied commanders and politicians – in particular between Churchill, Eisenhower and de Gaulle – threatened to weaken the Anglo-American war effort. In vivid detail, Anthony Tucker-Jones tells the story of the high-level strategic arguments that gave birth to Dragoon, and he looks at the impact of the operation on the direction and duration of the war against Nazi Germany.
He also recounts the course of the invasion on the ground – the massive logistical effort required, the landings themselves, the role played by the French resistance, and the bitter battles fought against German rearguards as they sought to retain France's southern cities and cover their withdrawal toward the strategic Belfort Gap.
Kindle and ePub editions now only £4.99 each
© Pen and Sword Books Limited 2019. Registered in England No. 2527258
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You're an experienced strategy consulting manager working for McKinsey, BCG, Bain, or the former Booz & Co. – all right, even Deloitte. You love consulting – solving these hard problems. But what kind of projects are you working on? What are you still learning? Will you always be on the road? You want to turn your talent and time to projects that yield a better world, not just increased profits. You want to work in an environment that gives more freedom of expression and with a team that is less hierarchical, more supportive, and more fun. It's risky, but is there a boutique firm that is right for me?


The existing study defines a fibroblast-derived niche that facilitates the therapeutic escape of melanoma cells from BRAF inhibition. fibroblast-mediated healing get away from BRAF inhibition. Rather, it was observed that mixed BRAF/PI3K inhibition overcame fibroblast-mediated medication level of resistance and was connected with improved anti-tumor effects within an xenograft model. Hence, we present melanoma cells and fibroblasts remodel their microenvironment in response to BRAF inhibition and these adaptations enable tumor cells to evade therapy through elevated PI3K/AKT success signaling. wild-type), recommending that off-target ramifications of kinase inhibitors remodel the web host environment. We propose a job for bi-directional signaling between your tumor and web host in the adaptive replies to therapy and demonstrate that web host cells are a dynamic participant in the get away procedure. Our data claim that upcoming therapeutic strategies will demand the concentrating on of both tumor and web host responses. Outcomes Plating of GFP-tagged melanoma cells onto a confluent fibroblast monolayer conveyed near-total security to the development inhibitory ramifications of vemurafenib treatment (3 M, 72h) (Shape 1A). Mechanistically, it had been discovered that treatment of the fibroblasts using changing development aspect (TGF)-, conditioned mass media (CM+vemu) from melanoma cells treated with vemurafenib (3 M, 48h) or vemurafenib by itself (3 M, 48h) elevated their differentiation as proven by the elevated appearance of fibronectin (FN) and -soft muscle actin appearance (-SMA) (Statistics 1B,C). Although vemurafenib by itself induced fibroblast differentiation, the level of the was significantly less than either CM+vemu or TGF- by itself. The stimulatory ramifications of the melanoma CM for the fibroblasts was TGF–dependent, by adding the TGF-kinase inhibitor SB505124 discovered to partly inhibit fibroblast activation (Supplemental Shape 1). The elevated appearance of FN was necessary for fibroblast success, using its siRNA-mediated knockdown connected with elevated fibroblast cell loss of life under serum-free circumstances (Supplemental Shape 2). Open up in another window Shape 1 mutations or upstream RTK signaling, due to CRAF transactivation (Hatzivassiliou relevance of microenvironment-mediated PI3K/AKT signaling in the get away response of melanoma cells was proven within 1160170-00-2 IC50 a individual melanoma mouse xenograft model, where dosing using the mix of the BRAF inhibitor PLX4720 as well as the PI3K inhibitor GDC-0941 triggered significant degrees of tumor regression in comparison to either PLX4720 or GDC-0941 by itself (Shape 6B). A model displaying the proposed discussion of the web host/melanoma cells under vemurafenib treatment can be shown in Shape 6C. Open up in CLG4B another window Shape 5 Fibroblasts shield melanoma cells from vemurafenib-mediated cytotoxicity through PI3K/AKTA GFP-tagged WM9 melanoma cells had been plated on plastic material or fibroblast monolayers and treated with 3M vemurafenib (24h) before getting stained for pAKT (Ser473). Size B. Fold adjustments in vemurafenib-induced pAKT from A had been computed. C: Melanoma cells treated with one agent or combos 1160170-00-2 IC50 of 3 M vemurafenib (BRAFi), 3 M GDC-0941 (PI3Ki), 200 nM crizotinib (METi), and 1 M lapatinib (HER2i). Evaluation of pAKT (Ser473) and cleaved PARP on specific GFP-tagged cells was performed using movement cytometry. Histograms present degrees of pAKT, with an AKT+ gate attracted predicated 1160170-00-2 IC50 on 3M GDC-0941 treatment on plastic material. D. Column graphs present the percentage of melanoma cells from C that are in the AKT+ and cleaved PARP+ populations. Open up in 1160170-00-2 IC50 another window Shape 6 Mixed BRAF/PI3K inhibition reverses fibroblast-mediated medication resistance and qualified prospects to tumor regression mutations, or elevated levels of development aspect signaling (Gibney into melanoma cells boosts their secretion of interleukin (IL)-1 that triggers tumor-associated fibroblasts to induce immune system suppression (Khalili V600E/PTEN-null GEMMs than BRAF inhibitor by itself (Marsh Durban mutant and null for PTEN. There has already been proof from our laboratory yet others that PTEN reduction could be a mediator of intrinsic BRAF inhibitor level of resistance and there.
Objective Genistein is a soy isoflavone that has antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo. PCa cell lines than in regular prostate cells. Knockdown (siRNA) of HOTAIR reduced PCa cell growth, breach and migration and induced apoptosis and cell routine criminal arrest. miR-34a was also up-regulated by genistein and may focus on HOTAIR in both PC3 Canertinib and DU145 PCa cells directly. A conclusion Our results indicated that genistein inhibited PCa cell growth through down-regulation of oncogenic HOTAIR that is definitely also targeted by tumor suppressor miR-34a. These findings enhance understanding of how genistein manages lncRNA HOTAIR and miR-34a in PCa. Intro Genistein is definitely a diet soy isoflavone. Its structure is definitely related to that of human being 17–estradiol causing estrogenic and/or antiestrogenic effects . Genistein is Canertinib definitely also a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor  and offers antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo. It offers been demonstrated that genistein inhibits many type of cancers including prostate malignancy (PCa) ,  through rules of several cell signaling pathways such as the Wnt, Akt and JAK/STAT pathways C. Recent evidence suggests that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are involved in many cellular processes. microRNAs (miRNAs), class of small ncRNAs about 22 nucleotides in size, function as bad regulators of target mRNAs transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally . It is definitely known that miRNAs regulate up to two-thirds of the human being genome  and perform important functions in several biological processes including development, differentiation, expansion, angiogenesis, metabolism and pluripotency , . It provides been reported that genistein elevated reflection of growth suppressor miR-146a, leading to inhibition of the NF-kB and EGFR path , . miR-27a provides been reported to end up being a oncogenic miRNA governed by genistein and adjusts VEGF signaling by concentrating on ZBTB10 , . Our prior research demonstrated that genistein treatment considerably down-regulated the reflection of oncogenic miR-151 which straight goals SOX17 and ARHGDIA . SOX17 was reported to end up being a growth suppressor gene that inhibits WNT/-catenin signaling by concentrating on both -catenin and T-cell aspect (TCF)/lymphoid booster aspect (LEF) protein C. ARHGDIA adversely adjusts the Rho family members of GTPases (Rho, Rac, and Cdc42)  that are included in the WNT signaling path . We also discovered that genistein down-regulates the RAC1 and EP300 genetics that are essential government bodies of VEGF-mediated angiogenesis ,  and the EGFR gene by up-regulating miR-574-3p . NcRNAs are divided into two main classes structured on transcript size; little ncRNAs and Canertinib longer ncRNAs (lncRNAs). lncRNAs are Canertinib in general described as RNA genetics bigger than 200 nucleotides that possess no proteins code potential. Huge range sequencing of cDNA your local library and following era sequencing suggest that lncRNAs in mammals amount in the tens of hundreds. Therefore considerably, just 126 individual lncRNAs possess been annotated in lncRNA data base  functionally. Hence now there are simply no reports approximately the relationship between lncRNAs and gensitein. The HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) gene is normally located within the Homeobox C (HOXC) gene group on chromosome 12 and encodes t 2.2 kb lncRNA molecule. This gene is normally shuttled from chromosome 12 to chromosome 2 by a element of the Polycomb Repressive Composite 2 (PRC2) and represses transcription of homeobox Chemical (HOXD) genetics . HOTAIR interacts with both PRC2 and lysine particular demethylase 1 (LSD1) processes and lovers histone L3 lysine 27 methylation and lysine 4 demethylation for epigenetic silencing of not really just HOXD genetics but also many various other genetics . This gene is normally portrayed in many malignancies such as breasts extremely, colorectal, Pax1 liver organ, pancreas, and laryngeal cancers C. Great reflection of HOTAIR in breasts cancer tumor is normally a predictor of metastasis and poor final result . HOTAIR also is.
While several new therapies are FDA-approved for bone-metastatic prostate cancer (PCa), individual success marginally provides just improved. lead in development inhibition of growth cells. Hence, mixed results of apoptosis and autophagy are accountable for miR-34a-mediated prostate growth development inhibition, and possess translational influence, as this non-canonical type of autophagy is certainly growth inhibitory. Jointly, these outcomes offer a brand-new understanding of the natural results of miR-34a and high light the scientific potential for miR-34a delivery as a treatment for bone fragments metastatic prostate cancers. hybridization (Body ?(Figure1E).1E). Phrase of miR-34a related with downregulation of MET, Axl and c-Myc as motivated by immunoblotting (Body ?(Figure1F).1F). Delivery of miR-34a reduced subcutaneous growth development (Body ?(Figure1G)1G) and activated apoptosis as measured by an increase in TUNEL-positive cells (Figure ?(Body1L)1H) in miR-34a treated tumors compared to control tumors. Jointly, these outcomes demonstrate that nanoparticle-mediated delivery of miR-34a reduced the manifestation of its focuses on and growth development, as well as caused apoptosis in a subcutaneous model of prostate malignancy. Results of miR-34a delivery on PCa growth development in the bone tissue Since bone tissue metastasis is definitely the leading trigger of loss of life in 103-90-2 PCa, our concentrate was on identifying the results of systemic miR-34a-CH delivery on founded tumors in an intra-femoral model to represent treatment of PCa bone tissue metastasis. To 1st determine whether chitosan could deliver little RNAs to the bone tissue, we shipped Cy5.5-tagged siRNA through chitosan nanoparticles since the neon sign from Cy5.5 can be recognized by imaging. Personal computer3Millimeter2-LG cells had been shot in the femur of naked rodents, and 10 times after growth shot, unlabeled Cy5 or control. 5-tagged siRNA in chitosan nanoparticles intravenously were delivered. Fluorescence strength was sized from farmed hip and legs of pets sacrificed 3 times after siRNA delivery. An boost in Cy5.5-siRNA sign intensity was noticed in the femur with tumor than in the femur without tumor (Figure S2) suggesting that siRNA delivered by chitosan nanoparticles is normally preferentially maintained in the tumor developing inside the bone fragments. Hence, chitosan nanoparticles had been ideal for delivery of miR-34a to the bone fragments. We following motivated the impact of systemic miR-34a delivery on set up tumors in the femur to greatest imitate treatment 103-90-2 of bone fragments metastasis. We being injected Computer3Millimeter2-LG (transfected to exhibit luciferase and GFP) cells into the femurs of naked rodents and supervised growth development by bioluminescence activity and MRI. After ten times, when tumors had been noticeable in the femurs (as confirmed by MRI), rodents had been randomized and treated with either control-miRNA (scrambled series of harmful control miRNA that will not 103-90-2 really get in the way with known miRNA features) or miR-34a chitosan nanoparticles every three times TIE1 for three weeks through systemic administration. Delivery of miR-34a robustly reduced growth development essential contraindications to control group (scored by bioluminescence activity of Personal computer3Millimeter2-LG cells) (Number ?(Figure2A)2A) and tumor volume (measured by MRI) (Figure ?(Number2M,2B, correct -panel) of established prostate tumors in the bone tissue. Personal computer3Millimeter2 cells trigger lytic reactions in the bone tissue. Significantly, miR-34a delivery led to a upkeep of bone tissue ethics as visualized by tiny CT evaluation (Number ?(Figure2C).2C). Jointly, our outcomes demonstrate that miR-34a'h anti-tumor results had been excellent in an intra-femoral PCa model likened to a sub-cutaneous model, recommending that miR-34a may mediate growth suppressive results by focusing on both the growth as well as the bone tissue microenvironment. Number 2 Systemic miR-34a delivery by chitosan nanoparticles reduces prostate growth development in bone tissue in an intra-femoral model MiR-34a prevents metastatic properties in Personal computer3 cells To understand the system of miR-34a-caused growth inhibition, we indicated miR-34a in Personal computer3 cells through transient transfection of miR-34a mimics and analyzed the natural results. Appearance of miR-34a reduced the capability of Computer3 cells to migrate by 50% (Amount Beds3A), and the capability to interfere with by 75% (Amount Beds3C). Since miR-34a reflection was preserved 96 hours post-transfection (data not really proven), 103-90-2 we driven the results of raising miR-34a reflection on cell growth. Transfection of miR-34a reduced cell expansion likened to In.C. (Number T3C). We following performed cell routine evaluation using propidium iodide (PI) 103-90-2 at numerous instances after In.C. or miR-34a transfection. A 4-collapse lower in S-phase was noticed starting at 48 hours, which was managed through 96 hours post-transfection (Number T3M). After 72 hours, the bass speaker G1 stage improved by 1.5 fold in miR-34a overexpressing cells, achieving a optimum.


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John Dickson Wyselaskie (1818-1883), pastoralist and philanthropist, was born on 25 June 1818 at Sanquhar, Dumfriesshire, Scotland, son of Louis Wyselaskie, army officer, and his wife Elizabeth, née Kerr. In 1837 he joined his uncle Robert Kerr in Van Diemen's Land and was soon sent to Port Phillip to find land for the firm of Kerr and (John) Bogle of Hobart Town and Launceston.
Wyselaskie explored north to the Mallee and then took up a run near Buninyong. In 1840 he left to take up Narrapumelap, 40,000 acres (16,188 ha) on the Hopkins River. His first years were difficult and the Aboriginals troublesome; however, the 1850s brought prosperity and enabled him to buy out Kerr and Bogle and to acquire the freehold of 24,000 acres (9,713 ha). He formed a merino flock with sheep from the studs of J. A. Gibson in Tasmania and John Taylor, and the Narrapumelap merino became noted for its fine quality wool. He made extensive improvements and in 1873 employed fifty stonemasons to build a fine bluestone mansion, finished with a tower and approached by a mile-long (1.6 km), tree-lined avenue.
Wyselaskie was a member of the Geelong and Portland Bay Immigration Society in the late 1840s. He was active in the establishment of a school at the near-by township of Wickliffe and in obtaining occasional visits by a clergyman. He donated the church's tower and spire in the 1870s. With his wife Mary Jane Austin, née Farrell, he visited Europe in 1874-76. They moved to Melbourne in 1878 and he built Wickliffe House, St Kilda, where he lived in retirement and poor health until his death of apoplexy on 4 May 1883; he was buried in the Boroondara cemetery.
Wyselaskie left an estate valued at £72,337 realty and £28,063 personalty. An ardent Presbyterian and childless he gave most of his wealth to the Church. He had already given £30,000 to Ormond College, and he left £10,000 for the Presbyterian (now Wyselaskie) Theological Hall, attached to the college, and £20,000 to pay its professors and teachers; £5000 for the Presbyterian Ladies' College which went to build its Wyselaskie Hall; £2000 to the Wickliffe Presbyterian Church and £5000 to his old church in Sanquhar; and £12,000 to be invested for the endowment of scholarships in six different disciplines at the University of Melbourne. Several charities also benefited. Narrapumelap was bought by G. N. Buckley, son of Mars Buckley.
L. L. Banfield, Shire of Ararat: Its Settlement and Development, 1864-1964 (Ararat, 1964), Ararat Advertiser, 8 May 1883.
J. Ann Hone, 'Wyselaskie, John Dickson (1818–1883)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/wyselaskie-john-dickson-4896/text8193, published first in hardcopy 1976, accessed online 18 April 2019.


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Q: CMake - link with both static and dynamic libraries I have a CMake project that should run on very old ARM system. Since the system has different libc version then the toolchain one the only option is to link with libc statically.
The problem is that besides the libc the application should be linked with another dynamic library.
The CMakeFiles.txt looks like the following:
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} PUBLIC -static-libstdc++)
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} PUBLIC -static-libgcc)

add_subdirectory(my_dynamic_library)
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE my_dynamic_library)

But it looks that libc doesn't linked dynamically but as shared library:
readelf -d my_app

Dynamic section at offset 0x34668 contains 29 entries:
  Tag        Type                         Name/Value
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [my_dynamic_library.so]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libm.so.6]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libpthread.so.0]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libc.so.6]

While running on the target system I get error:
./my_app: /lib/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.17' not found (required by ./my_app)

I have no clue why this is happening but for some reason gcc linked my apps with wrong libc versions:
objdump -T ./my_app| grep 2.17
000103a8      DF *UND*  00000000  GLIBC_2.17  clock_gettime

I've read a lot of similar posts and I see that I have to add
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} PUBLIC -static)

But that cause to another error:
../arm-none-linux-gnueabi/bin/ld: attempted static link of dynamic object my_dynamic_library.so

So I have no idea how to compile all that together.

A: Well, after a long search, I found a solution. Adding the following line:
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} PUBLIC rt)

solves the issue. No -static option needed.
and yes, I have no idea why it works.

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