In this work, a nanofluidic device containing both a feed cell and a permeation cell linked by nanopore arrays has been fabricated, which is employed to investigate thermally controlled biomolecular transporting properties through confined nanochannels. The ionic currents modulated by the translocations of goat antibody to human immunoglobulin G (IgG) or bovine serum albumin (BSA) are recorded and analyzed. The results suggest that the modulation effect decreases with the electrolyte concentration increasing, while the effects generated by IgG translocation are more significant than that generated by BSA translocation. More importantly, there is a maximum decreasing value in each modulated current curve with biomolecule concentration increasing for thermally induced intermolecular collision. Furthermore, the turning point for the maximum shifts to lower biomolecule concentrations with the system temperature rising (from 4°C to 45°C), and it is mainly determined by the temperature in the feed cell if the temperature difference exists in the two separated cells. These findings are expected to be valuable for the future design of novel sensing device based on nanopore and/or nanopore arrays.
In the past years, nanopore-based device is attracting more and more attentions for its potential applications in selective molecular separation [1,2], biosensing [3,4], energy storage [5,6], controlled release [7,8], drug delivery [9,10], nanofluidics, and nanoelectronics [11-14]. It is generally believed that the premise of this method is how to obtain proper nanopores and how to design effective fluidic device. Till now, natural nanopores in biomembranes [15,16] and artificial nanopores in inorganic films [17-19] are two major types of pores used in this area, while nanopores in polymer membranes obtained by track-etching method also can provide other possible choices [20-23]. Since the transport of mass and charge in the confined nanochannels, novel phenomena which cannot be observed in the bulk solutions will occur [24-26]. As we known, the flow of water and the molecular mobility in confined spaces is much faster than that in bulk case [27-29]. These phenomena indicate that the controlled transport of mass and charge through confined spaces is a fundamental process of interest in biology, physics, and chemistry, which have been regarded as an emerging field with major impact on bioanalysis and fundamental understanding of nanoscale interactions down to single molecule level [30-32]. Therefore, molecule or ion transport through nanopores is a key scientific issue for the fundamental understandings of the physical nature of analyte translocation. Although many important progresses have been established in this area, bridging theoretical calculations and experimental results conformably and ending up with an in-depth understanding of all problems is not an easy task. In this work, nanopore array-based sensing device has been fabricated by using PC ultrafiltration membrane, which is employed to investigate the thermally controlled biomolecular transporting properties in confined nanochannels.
Goat antibody to human immunoglobulin G (IgG) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) (bought from Nanjing Boquan Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China) were used as analytes. KCl (analytical grade) solutions were employed as electrolyte. As illustrated in Figure 1a, nanofluidic device was made up of two separated cells linked by a chip containing nanopore arrays (pore diameter: 50 nm used for IgG and 15 nm used for BSA, the AFM characterization for 50-nm pore is shown in Figure 1b). The temperature in the feed cell and the permeation cell were controlled at 4°C, 22°C, and 45°C. The transmembrane ionic current under the applied voltage of 2.5 V was measured by Keithley 2000 multimeter (Keithley Instruments, Inc., Cleveland, OH, USA).
Nanofluidic device and the AFM characterization for 50-nm pore. (a) Prototype nanofluidic device based on nanopore arrays. The left cell in which biomolecules are added is the feed cell, and the right cell is the permeation cell; (b) AFM characterization for 50-nm pore arrays.
Obviously, ions (K+ and Cl−) in the solution moved directionally through nanopores result in the basic ionic current (I 0), while IgG or BSA molecules driven to pass through nanopores generate the modulated ionic currents (I). Generally, the change in the ionic current will be mainly affected by biomolecules' translocation. Once or BSA molecules enter nanopores, the volumes in the nanopores are partially occupied, which will prevent certain amounts of K+ and Cl− from passing through the confined channel, which will decrease the background ionic current (I 0). At the same time, the surface charge of IgG molecule will also contribute to the increase of the total ionic current when it passes through nanopore. The final current changes will be determined by the combined effects. Generally, the modulated ionic current (I) is smaller than the basic ionic current (I 0) if the concentration of the electrolyte solution is not too low. So the relative changing tendency of the modulated current can be reflected by the value of (I 0 − I)/I 0. Figure 2a,b shows the values of (I 0 − I)/I 0 modulated by IgG and BSA in the electrolyte concentration of 0.01 and 1.00 mol/L, respectively, which are obtained at 4°C, 22°C, and 45°C. Comparing Figure 2a,b the modulated effects generated by biomolecules' translocation decrease with the electrolyte concentration increasing because of the background ionic current increasing, and the modulated effects caused by IgG (stocks diameter: 25 nm) are more significant than those caused by BSA (stocks diameter: 3.5 nm). More importantly, there exists a maximum decreasing value in each curve, which means the biggest place holding effect by biomolecules. The turning point concentration values corresponding to the maximum for IgG are 80 ng/mL (4°C), 40 ng/mL (22°C), and 20 ng/mL (45°C), respectively. Those values for BSA are 100 ng/mL (4°C), 40 ng/mL (22°C), and 20 ng/mL (45°C), respectively. Although there are slight differences in the detailed value for BSA and IgG, the changing tendencies for the two biomolecules are similar. It should be pointed out that the turning point for the modulated current curve with biomolecule concentration is the same with the turning point of biomolecule concentration corresponding to the maximum value of (I 0 − I)/I 0 for each case in our experiments.
The value of (I 0 − I)/I 0 modulated by IgG and BSA in 0.01 mol/L (a) and 1.0 mol/L (b) KCl solution. The temperatures are controlled at 4°C, 22°C, and 45°C, respectively. (I 0 − I)/I 0 is defined as the relative variance ratio reflected the modulated current changing tendency, where I 0 and I stand for the ionic current without and with biomolecules modulation.
Figure 3 illustrates a single biomolecule (red ball) near a nanopore, and its sweeping volume in a period of time (δt) can be expressed as πd 2 vδt (v: velocity which containing the axial velocity v 1 and the velocities in the other two mutually perpendicular directions represented as v 2 and v 3; d: stocks diameter of biomolecules). Its total number of collisions (Z) with other biomolecules in unit time can be expressed as Z = πd 2 vn (n: number of other biomolecules in unit volume). Obviously, v 2 and v 3 contribute little to the biomolecule translocation. For an upcoming captured biomolecule near nanopore, keeping the speed of v 1 and continuing to move toward nanopore means translocation, while collisions will reduce its probability of translocation. Therefore, the increasing biomolecule concentration corresponds to the bigger number of molecules with potential translocation; while more biomolecules will gather near nanopores, the total number of collisions will also increase. The former raises the translocation probability, and the latter decreases the capture probability. Under the joint influences, there must exists a maximum value for IgG translocation with its concentration increasing.
Schematic picture of a single biomolecule passing through nanopore arrays.
Furthermore, pH value of the solution will decrease slightly with the temperature rising. In our experiment, pH value decreases from 7.35 to 6.75 when the temperature increases from 4°C to 45°C. These changes in pH value can increase the charged amounts of biomolecule; therefore, higher temperature will result in bigger v 1 under the same accelerating voltage. With temperature increasing, more biomolecules will aggregate near nanopores, and at the same time, the total number of collisions (Z) in unit time will increase. The effect caused by temperature increasing is determined by the joint action of the above two factors, which can be demonstrated in Figure 4. As shown in Figure 4, for both IgG and BSA, the turning point of biomolecule concentration corresponding to the maximum effect decreases with the temperature rising. Temperature changes will affect the intermolecular collisions, which will change the number of translocation. For two kinds of biomolecules, when the temperature is low, increasing temperature could lead to increasing thermal motion of protein molecules, which can promote protein migration; when the temperature continues to rise, when the molecular collision greatly increases, translocation current will decrease. Consequently, higher temperature will make earlier arrival to the saturation of biomolecules' translocation, which results in the turning point for the maximum shifting to lower concentration for both IgG and BSA.
The value of (I 0 − I)/I 0 modulated by temperature. The electrolyte concentration is fixed at 0.01 mol/L, and protein concentration is fixed at 40 ng/L.
According to the above discussion, temperature affects the translocation of mainly through the speed of biomolecules and molecular collision between biomolecules. The number of collisions (Z) in local space can be calculated by Equation (2). In order to understand the influence on the translocation by the speed of biomolecules, similar experiments have been carried out (biomolecule: IgG, KCl: 0.1 mol/L, temperature: 22°C), and the difference is certain volume percent of glycerol which was added in the solution. Glycerol can change the viscosity of the solution and influence the speed of biomolecules. Of course, glycerol will also influence the basic ionic current; in our experiment, the detected basic currents are 44.7, 42.8, 40.3, and 35.9 μA when the volume percent of glycerol is 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%, respectively. From the results shown in Figure 5, it indicates that the turning point for the maximum value of (I 0 − I)/I 0 shifts to bigger biomolecule concentrations, which mainly determined by the IgG speed decrease resulted from the viscosity increase of the solution.
The value of (I 0 − I)/I 0 modulated by the viscosity of solution. Biomolecule: IgG, KCl: 0.1 mol/L, temperature: 22°C.
In above discussion, the capture probability of IgG molecule which mainly influences biomolecule translocations and ionic currents is discussed in the region nearby nanopore on the side of feed cell. Once IgG or BSA molecule is captured by nanopore, it will move to the permeation cell under the strong voltage drop and then leave nanopore on the side of permeation cell rapidly after its translocation. So the turning point for the maximum (I 0 − I)/I 0 value is mainly defined by the temperature in the feed cell, which is supported by the experimental results obtained in temperature difference conditions. As shown in Figure 6, if the temperatures are controlled at 45°C in feed cell and 22°C in permeation cell, the turning point for IgG and BSA is similar to the case with the temperatures being controlled at 45°C in both cells. Conversely, if the temperatures are controlled at 22°C in feed cell and 45°C in permeation cell, the turning point for IgG and BSA is similar to the case with the temperatures being controlled at 22°C in both cells.
The value of (I 0 − I)/I 0 modulated by IgG and BSA in 0.01 mol/L KCl solution. The temperatures in feed cell and permeation cell are controlled at 45°C or 22°C, respectively. (I 0 − I)/I 0 is defined as the relative variance ratio reflected the modulated current changing tendency, where I 0 and I stand for the ionic current without and with IgG molecules modulation.
In summary, the thermally controlled biomolecular transport properties have been investigated by a nanofluidic device with a feed cell and a permeation cell linked by a chip containing nanopores arrays. The results indicate that there exists a maximum decreasing value in each modulated current curve with biomolecule concentration increasing because of the thermally induced intermolecular collision, which is mainly influenced by the temperature in feed cell.
This work is financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (U1332134), the National Basic Research Program of China (2011CB707601 and 2011CB707605), the Natural Science Foundation of Suzhou (SYG201329), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, the Qing Lan Project and the International Foundation for Science, Stockholm, Sweden, the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, The Hague, Netherlands, through a grant to Lei Liu (F/4736-1), and the Student Research Training Programme in Southeast University.
LL carried out the experimental design and result analysis and part of the experimental work and drafted the manuscript. LZ carried out part of the experimental work. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript.


Meristogenys orphnocnemis is a small member of the M. jerboa species group with males measuring 32.0-37.3 mm SVL and females measuring 59.5-66.3 mm SVL. It is slender with a triangular head and an obtuse snout. The canthi are sharp and slightly concave. The eyes are elevated and the nostrils lie laterally right below the canthi. A pineal spot is visible, and the tympanum is distinct. There are weak vomerine teeth and a deeply notched papilla-less tongue. The skin is shagreened from above, the side of the trunk is granular, the throat is smooth, and the chest and abdomen are slightly rugose. Males have paired subgular vocal sacs that form gular pouches at the throat corners and larger tympani (Matsui 1986).
The fingers are slender, with the first and second being shorter. The tips expand into discs having circummarginal grooves. Third and fourth fingers have the largest discs. Supernumerary metacarpal tubercles are absent. Toes are fully webbed and the first toe is fringed. The inner metatarsal tubercle is oval and the outer metatarsal tubercle is round and raised. In males, distinct nuptial pads are present, covering the first finger from its base to its subarticular tubercle (Matsui 1986).
In life, M. orphnocnemis is chocolate brown dorsally. The upper lip is light brown with lighter spots. The iris is golden green. A dark brown band runs from behind the eye to the insertion of the arm with a short band extending ventrally from the insertion of the arm. The limbs have alternating light and dark brown crossbars; in contrast, the chest and throat are dotted dark brown. The abdomen and ventral surfaces of the leg are white with spots of melanophores. The species can be distinguished from others in the M. jerboa species group by a less clearly defined thigh pattern and strongly pigmented tibia ventrally (Matsui 1986).
Meristogenys orphnocnemis occurs in Malaysia (Sabah and Sarawak) and Indonesia (East Kalimantan) at an elevation of 200-1665 m (IUCN 2008; Matsui 1986; Malkmus et al. 2002). It is found in hilly lowland rainforest (IUCN 2008).
It breeds in clear rocky streams (IUCN 2008).
It is abundant where found and occurs in several protected areas. It can tolerate slightly disturbed forests. Threats include deforestation and silting of streams (IUCN 2008).
The specific name is derived from the Greek words orphnos, meaning dusky, and kneme, meaning lower part of the leg.
IUCN, Conservation International, and NatureServe. (2008). Global Amphibian Assessment: Meristogenys orphocnemis. www.globalamphibians.org. Accessed on 16 October 2008.
Species Account Citation: AmphibiaWeb 2014 Meristogenys orphnocnemis <http://amphibiaweb.org/species/4812> University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Accessed Apr 22, 2019.


In recent years, museums, healthcare facilities, and transit systems have been "particularly forward thinking" with their use of digital wayfinding, according to the Sign Research Foundation's latest publication.
Digital Wayfinding Trends: Lessons Learned from Museums, Healthcare, and Transit Experiences, written by Leslie Wolke, founder of MapWell Studio, explores how these organizations combine apps, indoor location technology, and digital and static signage to guide visitors in and around their facilities.
Wolke is an independent consultant who works with architects, design firms and institutions to design and develop wayfinding technology strategies and tools. She previously authored the SRF research Wayfinding Management: Models & Methods in Healthcare Environments.
"There is a great deal to be learned from interacting with this generation of tools and assessing their successes and limitations. As we know, technology evolves swiftly, only to be outpaced by our expectations for it," says Wolke.
This new SRF research report is available for download at signresearch.org.
Digital Wayfinding Trends also includes a four-page executive summary, the perfect piece to share with clients, customers and municipal leaders.
All SRF research is provided free for use. SRF is supported solely by donors whose gifts help further insights into the sign, graphics and visual communications industry. See the full lineup of SRF research and donate at signresearch.org.


A new company M/S Marutii Quality Food Products Pvt.Ltd. has come up with TAI API Instant Noodles both in Chicken and Masala Flavour along with Bhujiya. Their plant is fully automatic (untouched by hand) with latest state of the art technology from Japn. The products are available at Rs.10, Rs.5 and Re.1 in the market.


"Little Sparrows is a perfect nursery for our little girl. She looks forward to attending everyday. She has made lots of friends and loves the staff, especially her key person. We are very pleased with her development and how she interacts with others. It's exciting for us as parents to see what new things she is discovering and learning, on a daily basis. The feedback that Little Sparrows provides is excellent. We would highly recommend to anybody thinking of placing their child at Little Sparrows "
"Both my children have attended Little Sparrows, so I have known it for 5 years. As a working mum I have never had to worry if they were safe, being cuddled and having fun as everyone at Little Sparrows brings care, happiness, love and fun to the nursery everyday!"
"Daisy is loving the Activity Room! Everyday she comes home to tell us what she has learnt. 'Mummy did you know you have a skeleton? Look, can you feel it? It has bones, but no eyes or ears"


text:
Special town meeting, round two
BY PATRICIA ROY, PROY@HOLDENLANDMARK.COM
PAXTON — Voters will get another shot next week at three articles on the special town meeting warrant, which was interrupted when a softball hit and triggered a fire alarm in the Paxton Center School gymnasium on Jan. 24.
Some voters left the meeting while others lingered in the hallway waiting for it to reconvene.
This confusion led selectmen to decide to reschedule the meeting in its entirety, even though a vote was taken to approve the town entering into a lease in order to develop senior housing.
Town clerk Susan Stone said she has gotten no word from selectmen or Town Counsel Peter Dawson to say whether a vote that already was passed by a lawfully convened town meeting should be re-taken at the Feb. 15 meeting.
"There are a couple of questions in the making," she said.
The three article meeting was re-advertised with the two weeks notice required by state law.
"We want it to be a brand new town meeting," Town Administrator Carol Riches said.
Paxton Housing Partnership chair Martha Akstin said she was disappointed that the vote to approve the land lease was going to be re-taken. PHP has spent a decade developing the senior housing proposal.
"The article was read, there was a good debate with great, thoughtful questions and the article passed by an outstanding margin," she said.
The PHP is prepared to rally the troops for the second vote on the article, she said.
A second article on the town meeting warrant seeks to take $25,000 from Free Cash to fund a feasibility study to repair windows and a part of the roof at the Paxton Center School. The repairs are linked to a Green Repairs program with the Wachusett Regional School District. The town will be eligible to recover about 53 percent of money spent on the repairs from the Massachusetts School Building Authority.
Voters will face a $4 million question on article three, which is looking for an appropriation to build a water treatment plant. The debt would be part of the Water Enterprise Fund.
Paxton special town meeting will be held on Tuesday, Feb. 15 at 7 p.m. at Paxton Center School, 19 West St.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
'Where the Wild Things Are': When the Counterculture Makes Kid Flicks
Brian Heater
Brian Heater Published: October 16, 2009
I'm almost certainly not alone in expressing my guarded -- even conflicted -- anticipation at the forthcoming release of the "Where the Wild Things Are" film; it's a beloved children's classic filtered through a thrift store sheet-staining hipster's wet dream. Spike Jonze, Dave Eggers, Catherine Keener, Karen O -- oh yeah, and was the Arcade Fire in movie trailer? Yes, of course it was. (And surely volumes could be penned about the fact that fourth song on the soundtrack, "Worried Shoes," was penned by bi-polar-sufferer-turned-perennial-hipster-favorite, Daniel Johnston.)
One might be hard-pressed to find a suitable example from our cinematic past to help illustrate how such a project could succeed, but the 1965 television special, "A Charlie Brown Christmas" serves as an interesting template. The half-hour cartoon embraced the beatnik jazz of Vince Guaraldi and a distinctly "grown up" comedic sensibility. The result was a downright magical understated proclamation against the over commercializing of the holiday season (in 1965, no less!) which set a new -- still unmatched -- standard for animated holiday classics.
Another potential candidate comes in the form of pretty much any Tim Burton film -- hot shot director, a liberal dose of Johnny Depp, and a soundtrack by that guy from Oingo Boingo. Even those Burton films that seem primarily geared toward children (see: "Pee-Wee's Big Adventure," "The Nightmare Before Christmas") oft seem targeted more toward the director's own loyal fanbase than some Hollywood exec's calculation regarding the potential interests of an average American elementary school student.
Here's the thing, though: we mustn't immediately write off moviemaker's tendencies toward self-pleasure. In fact, it's often directors' compulsion toward molding pictures in their own image that help separate classic children's films from the vast majority cookie-cutter kids crap that comes through the Hollywood pipes. Entertainment for children is often safe to a fault. Parents love safe. Kids, on the other hand, love weird sh-t.
I'd hesitate to present myself as some sort of standard for average, well-adapted children (a sentiment my elementary school teachers would no doubt waste in echoing), but all of this thinking about "Where the Wild Things Are" keeps bringing me back to my own childhood favorite: "Popeye."
Not the E.C. Segar comics or the Fleischer Studios cartoons (though both unquestionably had their impact on my own decidedly skewed entertainment consumption), but rather that now largely forgotten live-action cinematic adaptation from 1980.
Directed by Robert Altman, produced by Robert Evans, written by counter-cultural cartooning legend Jules Feiffer, and scored by Mr. Rock 'n Roll Lost Weekend himself, Harry Nilsson. The movie starred Robin Williams (who no doubt spent much of the film riding the white pony) and 70s Altman favorite, Shelley Duvall, whom you probably know best from all that time she spent acting terrified of Jack Nicholson in "The Shining". (A small, but important side note: producer Evans reportedly wanted to give the leads to an even more bizarre pairing: Dustin Hoffman and Gilda Radner and/or Lily Tomlin)
"Popeye" is, as one might suspect, a weird goddamn film. The direction is every bit as Robert Altman as, say Nashville, from a surprisingly complex plotline to his customary overlapping dialog. The music, too, in spite of being sung by the principle cast, is unmistakably Nilsson. Penned at the height of the singer's alcoholism, most parties involved in the film attempted to dissuade Altman from working with the one-time Beatles favorite. "Hurray hurray Sweethaven / Flags are wavin' / Swept people from the sea / Safe from democracy / Sweeter than a melon tree / Put here for you and me," the townspeople sing in "Sweethaven."
During the film, Wimpy puts Swee'Pea down as collateral for a bet, a climatic scene unfolds with a rubber octopus (apparently there were some budget issues at play), and Bluto literal turns yellow upon losing a fight. As I said, it's a weird goddamn film.
Popeye did reasonably well at the time, becoming Altman's second highest-grossing film (after "M.A.S.H.," naturally). Critics loved it or hated it (Roger Ebert fell into the former category). Me, I loved the hell out that movie, making my mother draw anchors on my forearms before marching around the house to a vinyl version of the film soundtrack. Clearly I wasn't the only one who was deeply affected by the film, either. The Nilsson-penned, Duvall-sung "He Needs Me" later popped up on the soundtrack for Paul Thomas Anderson's "Punch Drunk Love."
That, sadly, remains the only way to legitimately get any song from the Popeye soundtrack digitally or on CD. The album went through a run on vinyl, cassette, and 8-track in the 80s, but has since gone completely out of print. (Much to the chagrin of Nilsson completists, Harry's demos of the songs have never been available, though they are acquirable through less legitimate means-which, off the record, I highly recommend to fans of the singer.) The movie itself has been issued twice on DVD, both in lackluster versions featuring identical content, the latter of which carries an irritating "I Love the 80s" Edition branding.
"Popeye" has, by pretty much all accounts, been effectively buried and forgotten.
With an entertainment industry so driven by its own self-perpetuating nostalgia, its hard to imagine a similar fate befalling "Where the Wild Things Are." The studio system has become expert as squeezing every ounce of life out of its properties, even those it was likely hesitant to have greenlighted in the first place.
What "Popeye" does demonstrate, however, is the way in which seemingly dissonant forces of countercultural entertainment can create a critical mass of quirky children's entertainment. And if those kids' hipster parents also derive some pleasure from the experience, we can't really hold that against them, can we?
Brian Heater is the Senior Editor at PC Magazine, and the Editor-in-Chief of The Daily Cross Hatch.
Filed Under: Dave Eggers, DaveEggers, Maurice Sendak, MauriceSendak, Popeye, robert altman, RobertAltman, spike jonze, SpikeJonze, Where the Wild Things Are, WhereTheWildThingsAre


text:
The Last Thing to Burn: A Novel
By Will Dean
Read by Sarah Lam
Will Dean Simon & Schuster Audio 9781982156466
8.49 Hours • 04/20/2021 • 04/20/2021 • 1
A woman being held captive is willing to risk everything to save herself, her unborn child, and her captor's latest victim in this claustrophobic thriller in the tradition of Misery and Room. On an isolated farm in the United Kingdom, a woman is trapped by the monster who kidnapped her seven years ago. When she discovers she is pregnant, she resolves to protect her child no matter the cost, and starts to meticulously plan her escape. But when another woman is brought into the fold on the farm, her plans go awry. Can she save herself, her child, and this innocent woman at the same time? Or is she doomed to spend the remainder of her life captive on this farm? Intense, dark, and utterly gripping The Last Thing to Burn is a breathtaking thriller from an author to watch.
A woman being held captive is willing to risk everything to save herself, her unborn child, and her captor's latest victim in this claustrophobic thriller in the tradition of Misery and Room.
On an isolated farm in the United Kingdom, a woman is trapped by the monster who kidnapped her seven years ago. When she discovers she is pregnant, she resolves to protect her child no matter the cost, and starts to meticulously plan her escape. But when another woman is brought into the fold on the farm, her plans go awry. Can she save herself, her child, and this innocent woman at the same time? Or is she doomed to spend the remainder of her life captive on this farm?
Intense, dark, and utterly gripping The Last Thing to Burn is a breathtaking thriller from an author to watch.
"Outstanding and heart-wrenching…Dean explores the resilience of the human spirit, even in the face of unfathomable evil." —Publishers Weekly (starred review)
Author Bio: Will Dean
Will Dean, founder and CEO of Tough Mudder, was included in Fortune's "40 Under 40" list and received the US National Emerging Entrepreneur of the Year Award. He was born in the UK and is a graduate of the University of Bristol and Harvard Business School. Prior to co-founding Tough Mudder, he worked as a counter-terrorism officer at the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office.
Format: Digital Download Format: CD
Available Formats : Digital Download, CD
Category: Fiction/Thrillers
Publisher: Simon & Schuster Audio Publisher: Simon & Schuster Audio
CDs: 7
ISBN: 9781797121437 ISBN: 9781797121451
Audience: Adult


Could Amazon's game machine be a dongle made for streaming?
Amazon is getting into the games hardware business. I'm not keeping score, but it seems safe to say that this is the worst kept secret of the year. What's been a rather well-kept secret, however, is what this gaming hardware would be.
Ready yourself for the most interesting rumor of the morning. We all know that Amazon is getting into the games hardware business. I'm not keeping score, but it seems safe to say that this is the worst kept secret of the year. What's been a rather well-kept secret, however, is what this gaming hardware would be.
Now it looks like we have our first hint.
TechCrunch is saying they've learned from multiple sources that the device is going to look an awful lot like the Chromecast, Google's $35 streaming device that plugs into your TV's HDMI port.
There's also the very real possibility that the device will be more of an "all-in-one" unit than a dedicated games console. With a variety of instant services already in-house – Prime customers can stream unlimited movies, TV shows, books, and soon music – offering a set-top box to bring it all to your living room is just good sense. Think AppleTV meets Chromecast meets Spotify meets Netflix, but with games.
But what kind of games could such a tiny dongle offer?
TechCrunch suggests that Amazon may offer an OnLive-style cloud-based gaming service (which, considering they're already in the digital games business, doesn't seem like a huge leap). GameSided's article on the same subject is quick to remind us that until today, it seemed as though Amazon's project might have been an Android microconsole (like the OUYA). With such a huge selection of Android games on Kindle Fire, that still seems plausible to a certain degree as well.
Maybe the truth will lie somewhere in the middle: a finely curated "best of both worlds" scenario, or a rather blunt kitchen-sink approach that covers the entire spectrum.
What Amazon is really working on behind the scenes is anybody's guess. But one thing's for certain: if Amazon is about to become the Netflix of gaming, it's going to shake-up the entire industry.


So you have your dentures, and have figured out how to make them stick with denture adhesives. The next step is going to be hygiene and keeping them clean. Keeping care of dentures can be a bit more tricky so it pays to have a good product to help with that process. An ultrasonic denture cleaner will help a lot with that problem.
Using these cleaners make it much easier to get rid of stray debris that is stuck in your teeth, out of reach of a normal toothbrush. This is great for those of you who don't life flossing. While it isn't a complete replacement it does come close to what a good flossing does. It can reduce the time it takes down to a couple minutes to get a thorough cleaning done.
So you want to buy a cleaner for yourself. Where do you start though? We have gone through and picked out a few of our favorite products. All of them are good choices. The chart below lists those favorites with the top one at the top. Check them out.
Below you will find a brief overview of each product. We go over a few of the key features of each product and will cover some of the drawbacks of each one.
The F3900 from iSonic is our top pick for denture cleaners. It has the most reviews and seems to have the best reviews of all of it's competitors out there. It is specially designed for dentures unlike some of the other cleaners out there so you can be sure that this will get the job done well. It is a very compact model so you will be able to store it in any location easily and has a built in timer which will turn the machine off after the 5 minute cleaning cycle.
Unlike some of the other product this cleaner actually uses sound waves to target some of the hard to reach spot in your dentures. This makes it very effective for getting those spots which can be hard to reach with floss or water alone. Check it out – the reviews speak for themselves.
The DB-Tech cleaner is our next choice for ultrasonic cleaning products. One of the perks of this product is the clean time. For those people who are really in a hurry, you will get your dentures cleaned in only 3 minutes with this one. Most other products take 5 minutes to complete.
The unit suggest using the Polident cleaner with it and comes with a decent supply of it. It uses scrubbers to get the job done and it does a good job. We don't think it gets quite as into the nooks and crannies as the iSonic, but this still does a very good job if this is what you are looking for.
Our next pick is the DTMCare. It is a little pricier than the other models, so this moved down on our list some because of that. There is an interesting twist to this one though – it uses UV to clean. The ultrasonic vibrations work great to get into hard to reach places to make your false teeth perfectly clean.
While some other cleaners require a cleaning solutions to work, you just need tap water with this one. Because of this you can save a bit of money since you don't have to replace any cleaning solution after using this one. It comes with the standard automatic off feature as other cleaners and acts as a great choice for anyone wanting a hygienic mouth.
Continuing down the line of cleaners that use IV, we have the Violight cleaner next. It is the most expensive of the bunch, but appears to get the job done on another level. It will also use tap water which removes the need of any chemical cleaners. If you have a thing about that, then a UV cleaner like this may be the way to go.
A big problem with this one though is the noise. To do a good job it will make more noise than the other products. It will also take up more space than it's counterparts. There is more working here than other products. Despite this, we still think it is a good choice and well worth checking out.
There aren't too many ultrasonic products out there specifically designed for dentures, but we think we found the best ones out there. Take some time and read some of the Amazon reviews too when making your choice. With all of this information you shouldn't have too hard of a time making the right choice for yourself.
Zinc Free Denture Adhesive: What are the Benefits?
https://dentureadhesivereviews.com/ is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com. Amazon, the Amazon logo, AmazonSupply, and the AmazonSupply logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates.


How much could your business claim?
A company/organisation that is making a profit, can claim up to 26% "tax relief" on corporation tax on qualifying R&D spend. *R&D Tax Credits can be claimed for the last 2 years' submitted financial year-end accounting periods and ongoing.
A company/organisation that is making a loss can claim up to 33.35% "cashback" on qualifying R&D spend. *R&D Tax Credits can be claimed for the last 2 years' submitted financial year-end accounting periods and ongoing.
Large companies (500+ employees) are able to claim up to 9.72% of the qualifying R&D spend as tax relief under the RDEC scheme. *An RDEC claim is paid out in the form of a taxable credit of your identified qualifying expenditure. As the credit is taxable, it results in a cash benefit of 9.72% after tax.
Move the slider below to find out how much R&D Expert may be able to claim for you business.
What was your business' losses?
Expenditure on employees paid directly by the company (e.g. on the payroll, in the UK or elsewhere) to work on the project including salaries, employer's NIC and pension contributions.
Expenditure on subcontractors and freelancers directly employed for the project.
Expenditure on R&D materials and consumables including heat, light and power that are used up or transformed by the R&D process.
Expenditure on some types of software required specifically for the R&D Project.


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Medindia » Cancer News
Tobacco, Criminal Causing Cancer Deaths: Study
by Nancy Needhima on April 6, 2012 at 6:04 PM
Health experts in Kerala anticipate that a countrywide cancer mortality study, stressing the grave tobacco induced health burden will jolt the state and central governments into action and forestall countless evitable deaths each year.
Tobacco use is estimated to have caused nearly 120,000 deaths across India in 2010, according to research carried out by the Toronto-based Centre for Global Health Research (CGHR) in partnership with Mumbai's Tata Memorial Hospital.
Smoking among Women
Tobacco use in women is on the rise. The health risks of tobacco are far too many has never done a woman any good psychologically or health-wise.
Nearly 600,000 Indians die of cancer every year - over seven in 10 deaths (71 percent) takes place in the 30-69 age group, the most productive period of a person's life, says the report published in the latest issue of the Lancet medical journal.
The study points out that Kerala had among the highest age standardised cancer mortality rates per 100,000 for men in the 30-69 age group (158.5 for all cancers and 53.9 for tobacco-related cancers).
Women and Cancer
Cancer is one of the frequently talked about and most feared disease that falls under the genre of lifestyle diseases that have evolved, rather rapidly, in the past two decades.
The cumulative risk for a man dying from cancer in Kerala before the age of 70 was estimated at 7.6 percent, the third highest after the northeastern states.
Among women in Kerala the age standardised cancer mortality rates per 100,000 was measured at 90.3 for all cancers, 16.8 for tobacco-related cancers and 11.1 for cervical cancer, with the cumulative risk estimated at 4.3 per cent.
Paul Sebastian, director, Regional Cancer Centre said this landmark study suggests that significant social and economic gains could be achieved by effective cancer prevention and early detection strategies.
'These should include tobacco control particularly through higher taxation of tobacco products, vaccination against hepatitis B, cervical cancer screening and early detection of oral and breast cancer. Such a strategy would be able to reduce cancer death significantly,' said Sebastian.
Satheesan Balasubramanian, director of the Thalassery-based Malabar Cancer Centre (MCC), believes that in order to prevent tobacco-related cancer mortalities in working age, it is vital that anti-tobacco messages target youngsters.
'The initiation of tobacco use begins during adolescence. Any preventive strategy in tobacco control should focus on schoolchildren. A recent school-based tobacco prevalence study conducted at MCC points out that 9.85 percent of schoolchildren use tobacco and 33.16 percent of schoolchildren report smoking habits among their family members,' said Balasubramanian.
Breast Cancer - Prevention and Management with Lifestyle Changes
Lifestyle choices may or may not cause breast cancer but healthy lifestyle changes can open up avenues beyond breast cancer. Good habits will allow one to fight breast cancer and to live with dignity.
Cigarette Smoking - A Silent Killer
Smoking kills the smoker silently, pushing him towards serious illnesses, which slowly lead to death.
Common Lifestyle Habits that Cause Diseases
Cigarette smoking, unhealthy diets, overuse of alcohol, and physical inactivity are some of the most common ...
Health Benefits of Dandelion Plant
What is dandelion? Dandelion greens are nutrition powerhouses with a wide range of health benefits. Dandelion ...
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Cancer Treatment
Immune checkpoint inhibitors are promising drugs to treat a variety of cancers and the FDA has approved usage ...
Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are a group of chronic non-infectious diseases which include Cardiovascular ...
Tattoos A Body Art
Tattoos are a rage among college students who sport it for the 'cool dude' or 'cool babe' look
Tobacco, Criminal Causing Cancer Deaths: Study Personalised Printable Document (PDF)


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Finnish Statistical Society
Suomen Tilastoseura
Afternoon Seminars
Statistical Days
Risto Lehtonen receives the Gunnar Modeen medal
11/09/2019 11/09/2019 Tommi Mäklin
The Gunnar Modeen -medal was awarded during the Nordic Statistical Meeting 2019 on 27 August 2019 to professor Risto Lehtonen, who is the professor of social statistics at the University of Helsinki. Risto Lehtonen has numerous academic merits: he is one of the big names of survey methodologt, and has written numerous articles and books on the topic. In addition to his academic achievements, professor Lehtonen has worked as a researcher and the head of research at The Social Insurance Institution (KELA), and as the scientific director at Tilastokeskus and as scientific director of the Living Conditions statistical unit. Additionally, he has written multiple reports to governmental organizations such as the European Commission. In conclusion, professor Lehtonen has established wide-reaching international collaboration networks and excelled in facilitating communication between academic research and official statistics — making him a most excellent recipient for the Gunnar Modeen medal
The Finnish Statistical Society would like to congratulate professor Lehtonen on receiving this important acknowledgement of a lifetime contribution to statistics!
← Registration & program of the 13 May 2019 afternoon seminar
Yearbook 2017-2018 published →
11/02/2019 Tommi Mäklin 0
News from the World of Statistics: March 2017
Yearbook 2015-2016 of the Statistical Society published
Tweets by tilastoseura
Click on the images to see the books members are entitled to at a discounted price.
Suomen Tilastoseura ry
c/o Pauliina Ilmonen
00076 Aalto
Copyright © 2020 Finnish Statistical Society. All rights reserved.


The affairs of the Federation are conducted by an Executive Committee consisting of at least 7 individual delegates being member of the senior management team of their respective membership company. These delegates are elected to that position by the annual General meeting for two years of office.
The Executive Committee decides policy and this is executed by the Secretary General.
FEEM recognises that "self-regulation" is the most effective method of ensuring proper order within the industry. The proper provision of such internal discipline is effective not only in reducing the practical hazards involved but also in displaying to any legislative authorities the model on which legislation should be based. To this end FEEM has formed a series of Working Groups who draw on the expertise of each of the member companies in the specialist areas of the explosives industry.
These Working Groups produce Guidance Notes and Technical Bulletins.


Love that opposites attract pattern! Snow dyeing is beautiful too!
beautiful snow dyeing piece! I've yet to do the 3's and E's pattern. I've been practicing it so will need to do it 'for real' soon.
I love both of those quilts!
The only reason I think I would want to be around any snow at all is to try my hand at snow dyeing. Sorry, I was raised and still live on the central coast of California...never learned to appreciate the white stuff!
LOVE your snow dyed piece! Where does one learn about Es and 3s?
Kathy, Thank you so much for the email and the sketch! Next practice piece gets this, and your curved border tutorial. The 12" and 15" boomerangs from Deloa should arrive any day now! Wooooo!
Love that quilt and LOVE your snow dyed fab. Both are fantastic!!
Wow! Those are both great quilts. THe opposites attract is quilted beautifully... do you ever sleep?
Love the quilts and the snow dyed piece is just gorgeous.


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Industrial Processing Blankets
DIY Troubleshooting
Fredericktown, MO - Furnace & Air Conditioning Service, Repair & Maintenance Contractor
Trustworthy Heating And Cooling LLC is proud to serve the Fredericktown community!
We offer the following in Fredericktown, MO
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About Fredericktown, MO - Happy to be your hometown Heating & Air Conditioning Contractor!
Fredericktown, Missouri serves as the county seat of Madison County, and this city was home to roughly 4,000 people as of 2010. Located in the outer boundary of the St. Francois Mountains, Fredericktown is surrounded by the Mark Twain National Forest on three sides. The history of Fredericktown dates back to 1819, and in the early days, lead mining was the major draw to the area. In fact, the city is unique in the U.S. due to the variety of metals and minerals that have been found nearby, including lead, copper, silver, iron, cobalt, and many others.
While Fredericktown is primarily a residential community now, there are several things to see and do here. Outdoor recreation and hiking is plentiful at Castor River Shut-Ins and the Silver Mines Recreation Area. There are several delicious restaurants in Fredericktown, such as The Depot Café, Madison & Company Café, and Olympic Steakhouse, and Southern Oaks Country Club provides a full service golf facility. Specialty shops in the community also include The Mustard Seed Mercantile, Country Mart Deli, and Tom's Shoes and Western Wear.
Located in the center of the country, Fredericktown is found in a transitional zone between humid continental and humid subtropical climates. Residents can expect to experience exceptional humidity, especially during the late summer months. Average daily high temperatures in August reach 89 degrees Fahrenheit, but there are nearly 40 days each year where temperatures surpass 90 degrees. Central air conditioning is a necessity to make it through this difficult time of the year.
Winter weather in the area is cold, and January is the year's coldest month. Average daily highs reach about 42 degrees, but there are roughly 16 days per year where high temperatures stay below freezing. With nearly a foot of total snowfall accumulation each year, it is important that residents are prepared to spend days indoors with their gas or electric furnace running.
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Two leading Southampton academics were elected as Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering at the Academy's AGM in London this week.
Andy Keane, Professor of Computational Engineering and Director of the Rolls-Royce University Technology Centre for Computational Engineering, and Harvey Rutt, Rank Professor of Infrared Science and Technology, were elected as Fellows in recognition of their contribution to engineering.
Professor Keane is distinguished for his research in the field of aerospace design, with over 200 articles and four books on the subject. He founded the UK's largest research group dedicated to computational aerospace design and has successfully commercialised his research.
Professor Rutt has made a lifetime of outstanding research contributions to electro-optical research and development in laser technology for industrial application. Significantly he has been responsible for leading a major recovery and rebuild of the award-winning £100 million Mountbatten building, a national research facility for optoelectronics and micro and nanotechnology at the University of Southampton, which was destroyed by fire in 2005.
Sir William Wakeham, KB FREng, Emeritus Professor and former Vice-Chancellor at the University of Southampton, was also confirmed as the Academy's Senior Vice President.
A total of 59 new Fellows joined the Academy, representing the most eminent names in the profession from the UK and overseas. In total, 50 UK Fellows have been elected with six International Fellows and three Honorary Fellows.


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EastMed a response to Turkish behaviour says Anastasiades
U.S. Rep. Tlaib refuses Israel's 'oppressive conditions' for West Bank visit (update)
US Congresswoman Rashida Tlaib
U.S. congresswoman Rashida Tlaib on Friday rejected an offer by Israel to let her travel to the West Bank, saying she would not visit her family there because the Israeli government had imposed "oppressive conditions" to humiliate her.
Tlaib, a Democrat in the U.S. House of Representatives who has been critical of Israeli policy towards the Palestinians, had planned to make an official visit to Israel along with fellow Democrat congresswoman Ilhan Omar from Minnesota.
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, under pressure from Republican U.S. President Donald Trump, on Thursday said he would not allow the pair to make a planned trip to Israel. On Friday, Israel decided to allow Tlaib to visit family in the Israel-occupied West Bank on humanitarian grounds.
But the Michigan congresswoman rejected the offer.
"I can't allow the State of Israel to take away that light by humiliating me & use my love for my sity to bow down to their oppressive & racist policies," Tlaib tweeted, using the word sity to refer to her grandmother.
"Silencing me & treating me like a criminal is not what she wants for me. It would kill a piece of me. I have decided that visiting my grandmother under these oppressive conditions stands against everything I believe in–fighting against racism, oppression & injustice," she added.
Israel's Interior Ministry said it had received a letter from Tlaib on Thursday seeking permission to visit her family, and granted her request.
Tlaib, in her tweets, did not outline what the conditions imposed on her visit were. Israeli media, however, reported that she had agreed not to promote boycotts against Israel as part of her request to Israel's Foreign Ministry.
Tlaib and Omar have voiced support for the pro-Palestinian Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions (BDS) movement which opposes the Israeli occupation and policies toward Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza. Under Israeli law, BDS backers can be denied entry to Israel.
Israeli Interior Minister Aryeh Deri, who had approved Tlaib's visit request, blasted her decision not to come.
"It turns out that it was a provocation to embarrass Israel. Her hatred for Israel overcomes her love for her grandmother," he wrote on Twitter.
BAN OUTCRY
The initial ban sparked an outcry among Democrats in the U.S. Congress, who have largely been strong supporters of Israel. Both U.S. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and U.S. Senate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer called on Israel to reverse the ban. Palestinians also decried the ban.
The American Israel Public Affairs Committee, a powerful lobbying group, had also said while it did not support the two congresswomen's views, that they should be allowed to visit.
Tlaib and Omar are the first two Muslim women to be elected to Congress, and the Detroit-born Tlaib is also the first Palestinian-American congresswoman. Both are members of their party's progressive wing and sharp critics of Trump and Israeli policy.
Their official visit was to have included visits to the occupied West Bank and East Jerusalem, territories Israel captured in the 1967 Middle East war and which Palestinians envisage as part of an independent state along with Gaza.
Trump for weeks has attacked Tlaib and Omar, along with fellow Democratic U.S. Representatives Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez of New York and Ayanna Pressley of Massachusetts.
He has accused the women — four first-term lawmakers and women of color known as "the Squad" — of hostility to Israel in a barrage condemned by critics as racist and widely seen as a way to drum up votes for his 2020 re-election campaign.
Tlaib, 43, has roots in the West Bank village of Beit Ur Al-Fauqa, where her grandmother and extended family live.
The prospects of ending the occupation and resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict under the so-called two-state solution which had guided international peace-making efforts since 1993 have all but evaporated, while Israeli settlements in the territories have expanded.
The Trump administration, which is particularly close to the Netanyahu government, has touted its own peace plan but details remain vague. It fuelled Palestinian anger by recognizing disputed Jerusalem as Israel's capital in 2017.
€1.1m in scholarships offered in energy studies
Goalkeeper headache for Klopp after freak injury to Adrian


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The Name "IVE" Has Two Meanings To It, According To IVE's Gaeul
Can you guess the other one?
IVE recently made their debut with the single album Eleven, and are proving that they're determined to set themselves apart from other fresh faces in the industry!
IVE | Starship Entertainment
The group held their debut showcase recently, where they performed their song "Eleven" for the first time!
During the showcase, the host asked the group many questions about themselves, such as their positions, goals, and more!
| @ivestarship/Instagram
They were also asked about their unique group name, "IVE". Wonyoung revealed that the name was selected for them after an internal company competition.
Wonyoung
The meaning of the name has already been leaked to fans; "IVE" stands for the English words "I HAVE" meaning that the members are all ready to dazzle fans with everything they have!
According to Gaeul, however, the group's name also has an additional meaning to it, borrowing inspiration partly from soccer!
Best of the best players in soccer are usually categorized as 'best 11,' and the same idea applies to our group. IVE is a group with the best members, so we made our debut as a sextet.
And we will keep on expanding our trendy tunes and stage performance to cement our presence in the music scene.
—Gaeul
You can watch IVE's spectacular debut with their song "Eleven" here!
Source: The Korea Herald
IVE's Jang Wonyoung Stuns With Her Legs For Days In A Recent Update
IVE's Yujin Was A CF Princess Even Before She Debuted, Here Are Her Most Famous Commercials
IVE's Wonyoung Goes Viral For Her Professionalism On Stage
See more IVE


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4 short stories The Little Fox..... How a little fox learned to be proud of himself, and not want to be someone else. The Old Man and the Rapper...... Two people from different age groups must learn to respect, and trust each other in order to save themselves. A Snake is Always a Snake...... A tale of lying and deception. The Tai Chi Fist....... A brash young martial artist is taught a lession about the value of listening.
Professional songwriter, musican, educator. CCNY graduate, taught in the graduate program at Weslyn University "72".


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Eddie Izzard praised after announcing she/her pronouns
"I just want to be based in girl mode from now on"
By Sam Warner
Eddie Izzard. Credit: Getty/Noam Galai
Comedian Eddie Izzard has announced that she uses she/her pronouns, receiving a huge amount of praise from fans.
The stand-up confirmed that she goes by the pronouns while appearing on Sky Arts' Portrait Artist of the Year last week, asking host Stephen Mangan to refer to her as such.
"I try to do things that I think are interesting, and this is the first program I've asked if I can be she and her. A little transition period," Izzard explained to contestant Curtis Holder.
She added of how it felt to announce her pronouns: "Well it feels great, because people just assume that they just know me from before, but I'm gender fluid. I just want to be based in girl mode from now on."
Eddie Izzard. Credit: Getty/Nicky J Sims/Stringer
Izzard has since received praise on social media over her announcement, with fellow comedian Shappi Khorsandi tweeting: "I can't tell you what she means to me as a comic. Rocked my comedy world when I was a teen and beyond. Changed everything, made room. I love her and this morning I'm very happy for her."
Morning! I see Eddie Izzard is trending. I can't tell you what she means to me as a comic. Rocked my comedy world when I was a teen and beyond. Changed everything, made room. I love her and this morning I'm very happy for her. #ohhSherlockHolmes 😍😍😍
— Shappi Khorsandi (@ShappiKhorsandi) December 20, 2020
Writer Shon Faye added: "There have always been gender nonconforming people who have adopted the languages and signs associated with another gender. From ancient sumerian priests to Molly houses to drag queens etc. These signifiers belong to no one. She/her and he/him can be used by anyone."
There have always been gender nonconforming people who have adopted the languages and signs associated with another gender. From ancient sumerian priests to Molly houses to drag queens etc. These signifiers belong to no one. She/her and he/him can be used by anyone.
— shon faye. (@shonfaye) December 19, 2020
"It brings me a lot of comfort seeing #EddieIzzard, someone with a traditionally masculine name, use exclusively she/her pronouns," wrote another Twitter user. "Names don't have genders & pronouns don't indicate gender but as someone with a feminine name who's pronouns are they/them, this makes me feel seen."
It brings me a lot of comfort seeing #EddieIzzard, someone with a traditionally masculine name, use exclusively she/her pronouns. Names don't have genders & pronouns don't indicate gender but as someone with a feminine name who's pronouns are they/them, this makes me feel seen 🥰
— Sophie 🏳🌈🎄🏴 (@OnceUponASophie) December 19, 2020
Izzard most recently appeared in the likes of Netflix's The Dark Crystal: Age of Resistance, as well as films Get Duked! and The High Note.


Tech By Superwomen is thrilled to have Meshin as the sponsor for the Tech Superwomen Tee giveaway at SXSW 2012. The co-founder of Meshin is the inspiring Krsten Galliani.
Kristen is a senior marketer with a passion for customer-centric innovation. A foodie who loves to cook, she can be found inside the world famous PARC working with her Meshin team to bring meaning to information.
Here, she shares with the TXSW blog her thoughts on mentorship.
I wish I could say I had really great mentors in life, but the reality is that mentorship has been hard to come by for women, at least in the past.
I draw inspiration from organizations like Tech by Superwomen and Women 2. 0 — amazing platforms to get the word out and celebrate the accomplishments of women in the tech industry. I try to dedicate myself to mentoring where I can and draw insight from the stories of women who have succeeded.
Inspiration is fuel in the start-up world. Start-ups are a roller coaster with lots of ups and downs. The women founders who share not only their successes but their failures and challenges keep me going. It's encouraging to know that you are not the only one who may have hit a wall at times. The insights they share help me build a ladder over the apparent wall or find a new path.
As a co-founder of a tech start-up, what advice would you give to women entrepreneurs?
Always remember that knowledge and insight are often found in the most unlikely places. Everyone has a unique experience and a story to offer. Try to get out of your ivory tower and talk to others. It is so easy to just listen to our own train of thought but a fresh perspective may change everything or confirm our gut instinct – both are extremely valuable.
What is Meshin and how can people leverage it for a better SXSW experience?
Meshin is all about bringing meaning to information. We have two apps on Android and are about to go to iOS. The first unifies your communications and brings the important people front and center, the second, the one we are launching at SXSW is called Meshin Recall. It allows you to take Evernotes right from your calendar and through our technology makes them findable forever.
It is perfect for SXSW and we are launching the Recall Much campaign that's focused on remembering with a little help from Meshin Recall and Evernote. This is just the first step, stay tuned for new announcements and developments before the end of April.
Don't miss the exciting launch of Meshin Recall, follow the Recall Much campaign. Join us in Austin for the SXSW Interactive Tech Superwomen panel on March 10!


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John Bellamy Foster & Paul Burkett - Marx and the Earth: An Anti-Critique
Marx and the Earth is a detailed and vigorous defence and reassertion of the classical Marxist position in regards to Marx's Ecology.
My review of this book was published in the International Socialism Journal 153, January 2017. You can read it there.
In the meantime feel free to have a look at some reviews I've written of other books by these authors.
Burkett - Marx and Nature: A Red-Green Perspective
Foster - Marx's Ecology
Foster - The Ecological Revolution
Foster, Clark, York - The Ecological Rift (isj.org.uk)
Labels: climate and environment, marxism
Barbara C. Allen - Alexander Shlyapnikov 1885-1937: Life of an Old Bolshevik
There's an old propaganda image (see below) that shows the Bolshevik leaders from 1917, the year of the Russian Revolution, listing the fate of each of them under Stalin. Many are dead, and of those living when the image was made, the remainder would perish under the dictator. Some of them would admit to fantastical crimes against the Revolution in show trials. Others simply disappeared. The familiar names and faces from this image are matched by thousands of anonymous others who died in labour camps, or in front of firing squads. To protect his new order, Stalin had to both ideologically break with the old Bolshevik revolutionary ideology and destroy those who had fought for it.
Alexander Shlyapnikov was one of those Old Bolsheviks. He became a committed revolutionary as a young metalworker, working closely with Lenin, and eventually became a member of the Bolshevik organisations' central leadership. Under the Tsar Shlyapnikov became a highly respected workers leader, organising both the socialist movement and the early trade union movement. Barbara C. Allen's book is a detailed study of this revolutionary life, based in part of Shlyapnikov's autobiogrpahies and her own painstaking work in Russian archives.
Much of the book is taken with Shlyapnikov's life post-Revolution. But in fact some of the material on his early life is equally, if not more fascinating. Born into a relatively poor family of "old believers", a persecuted religious sect, Shlyapnikov's background was unusual when compared to many other Bolshevik leaders. At an early age he entered the factories and became an engineer, skills that he remained enormously proud of until the end of his life. Forced into exile in the aftermath of the 1905 revolution, Shlyapnikov immersed himself in working class and trade union activities abroad. Allen argues this profoundly shaped his politics and ideas:
Shlyapnikov had become a highly skilled metal turner and fitter, a crafty and conspiratorial underground activist and a steadfast Bolshevik. As such he belonged to an exclusive group of 'conscious' Russian proleatrians. In Western Europe, however he took a path that dfiverged from that of many other radicalised Russian workers. Life and work there gave him the opportunity to observe foreign trade unions' methods of organisation. Acquisition of fluent French and proficiency in German and English facilitated his education in Western-European labour organising and radical socialism.
Shlyapnikov became a key figure for the Bolsheviks' helping organise the distribution of revolutionary materials into Tsarist Russia across the Finnish border. During the revolutionary year of 1917 he became a central figure in the metalworkers union, which formed the basis for his support in the major debates that took place after the revolution.
The decimation of the Russian economy and population following World War One and the counter-revolutionary Civil War undermined many of the ambitions of the Revolution. Quickly it became clear that there needed to be drastic changes to defend the Revolution and save the situation. Hundreds of Bolsheviks and workers engaged in these debates throughout Russia, and Shlyapnikov placed himself at the heart of these, particularly given his position as a former industrial worker and trade unionist.
According to his proposals, reflected in major speeches, papers and published articles (1919-20), trade unions would replace state economic bodies as managers of the economy. Moreover, the CC [of the Bolsheviks] would stop interfering in the everyday affairs of local part, trade union and factory-committee organisations. He believed that the active, voluntary participation of the workers was essential for economic development and in building the new socialist society.
It would be difficult to disagree with Shlyapnikov's visions here, yet as the situation worsened through the 1920s, this idea of socialism became more and more distant. Enormous debates took place about the role of workers, trade unions and the peasantry. Shlyapnikov argued his position firmly, though it seems to me that he was guilty of a certain utopianism, or idealism when, for instance, he argued that the problem with the New Economic Programme was its focus on the peasantry. In an economy dominated by the peasantry, after the failure of European Revolution, there was always going to have to be a compromise with the peasantry for the survival of the revolution.
Having taken an increasingly oppositional position during the debates of the early 1920s (Shlyapnikov was a key figure in the Workers' Opposition) he became a target for the increasingly repressive regime as Stalin cemented his position. In the early 1930s he was expelled from the Communist Party, despite apparently still being very much of the position that he could play a key role in developing the Russian economy and defending the revolution. In these years he certainly seemed to have been increasingly Utopian about the nature of the Soviet economy, and though he made little attempt to organise factionaly, the fact that he had been publicly outspoken in the past, meant that he was a target for Stalin's increasingly paranoid spies.
Tried, imprisoned, exiled and eventually executed, Shlyapnikov never broke from his ideals, declaring his loyalty to the idea of Soviet power at the very end of his trial. He put up with debilitating illness and saw former comrades break under the pressure, yet he never backtracked on his principles. Sadly, in the appalling, counter-revolutionary atmosphere of 1930s Russia, Shlyapnikov's "guilt" was extended to his family who all suffered into the 1950s as a result of their association with him.
Shlyapnikov is a fascinating character, and deserves a detailed biography. Sadly though, I was disappointed by this book. Despite the author's detailed knowledge of the source material, I felt that her understanding of Shlyapnikov was undermined by her lack of clarity on his politics, and those of the wider revolutionary movement. At times, her explanation of Bolshevik ideas, particularly those of Lenin, is limited. For instance, when discussing Bolshevik debates about the national question, she writes that Lenin "saw nationalism as a powerful force for bringing about revolution", a statement that is at best an extremely simplistic summary of Lenin's nuanced political position around the question.
Similarly I felt that the author lacked an understanding of the way that the economic situation was negatively transformed by the Civil War. For instance, the discussion of the Kronstadt Rising implies that those who had been so pro-revolution and supportive of the Bolsheviks during 1917 were the same as those who rose up in 1921. Yet the reality, as both Lenin and Trotsky repeatedly made clear, was that the core of the Kronstadt workers and sailors had been decimated and was dominated by the 1920s with former peasants who were no longer as seeped in revolutionary politics and experience as their predecessors. I think the fault is that the author while acknowledging that Shlyaphikov still "continued to believe in revolution" right until his death, thinks that this was naive.
Sadly, this lack of clarity about the backdrop to Shlyaphikov's life and struggles undermines what should be an excellent book. Nonetheless, for students of the Russian Revolution, the sections on Bolshevik activity in the workplaces before the Revolution and the internal debates after the revolution will be of interest. And despite some flaws, Barbara Allen's finally frees Shlyaphikov's life and politics from Stalinist distortion and lies.
Badayev - Bolshevik's in the Tsarist Duma
Porter - Alexandra Kollontai - A Biography
Krupskaya - Memories of Lenin
Serge - Revolution in Danger
Baku - Congress of the People of the East
Labels: russia, socialist
James Hunter - Set Adrift Upon the World: The Sutherland Clearances
This study of the part of the Highland Clearances that took place on the Sutherland Estate in the first quarter of the 19th century makes for an important new book. James Hunter locates the Clearances, infamous for the role of Patrick Sellar and the Marquis and Marchioness of Stafford (later the Duke and Duchess of Sutherland), not as part of an inevitable economic development, but as a brutal part of the class struggle in the Scottish Highlands between landowner and tenant.
As a consequence the author shows how the modern Scottish landscape, enjoyed by thousands of tourists every year, has been fundamentally shaped by this struggle. A landscape that resulted from centuries of farming, was in turn transformed by sheep farming and a later switch to grouse and deer. Thus the "natural" landscapes are not natural in the slightest, they are the result of centuries of human labour and the victory of a tiny number of landowners over thousands of farming families. The homes, schools and churches that were used by thousands of people now lie buried and forgotten with the soil itself tainted by the blood spilt during the evictions.
Hunter notes that the Clearances had their origin in the way that capitalism was transforming how landowners could make money. This meant that those who wanted to "improve" the land and make more money were
rather like settlers on some North American frontier... at the cutting edge of an increasingly commercialised civilisation's advance into a region where older forms of social organisation remained the norm.... The clash, to be sure, was a lot less violent than analogous conflicts between homesteaders and Native Americans. But the issue at stake in this Sutherland collision was the same as that posed by North America's frontier fighting: which of two incompatible ways of life was to prevail?
It would be wrong to take this analogy too far. The tenants of the Sutherland Estate were not hunter-gatherers, or even pre-industrial societies. Nonetheless their methods of farming and their social organisation were a barrier to the maximisation of profits from the land. This is not to say they were backward, primitive, lazy or perpetually poor (all accusations thrown at them by the improvers and their propagandists). In fact, one of the strengths of this book is that it demonstrates the exact opposite.
Those at the forefront of the evictions, like Patrick Sellar, used this propaganda to justify to the world what they were doing. Describing those being cleared from land their families had farmed for generations as "barbarous hordes" and "aborigines" was to justify the same sort of terror that had been deployed against Native Americans, First Nations peoples and other victims of colonialism. And terror it was. The deaths, the destruction of "homes, barns, kilns and mills" in defiance of the law, the burning of homes with people still inside, the abuse of due process and the deliberate destruction of materials so that those evicted lost even the chance of rebuilding elsewhere was nothing less than terror.
Today, the scale of the Clearances still has the power to shock. In 1819 to 1820, for instance, some 5,500 people were forced from their homes in Sutherland. In one part of the estate, between 150 and 200 distinct communities were replaced by a mere eight landholdings. Many of those evicted ended up in far inferior coastal locations were they were expected to take up industries (like fishing) of which they had no knowledge and in unsuitable locations, lacking harbours to supplement meagre incomes from the smaller and less arable new plots of land.
It is no surprise then that people fought back. The book opens with the story of a mass protest that turned away surveyors. Real or threatened protests, demonstrations and the possibility of violence clearly terrified the landowners and their representatives (though not the potential for violence against former tenants). The scandal caused by the first set of Sutherland Clearances provoked enormous criticism of the Staffords, aided by journalists and campaigners across Britain.
There's no doubt that in an era of popular anger at government and the ruling class (James Hunter notes that military force was not used on a number of occasions because the army and government were frightened of another Peterloo) there was massive sympathy for the inhabitants of Sutherland.
Because the resistance was unsuccessful, former inhabitants were spread "adrift upon the world". Hunter traces those who ended up in North America and Canada, and their struggle to survive the passage across the Atlantic and the harsh winters. Many of these families eventually thrived, and there's a poignant report from years later, of some of those who remained in Scotland wishing that their families had made the trip.
Despite the bumper profits to be obtained from sheep farming, it didn't last. The arable land that initially provided for fat animals was the result of years of careful farming. When the soil fertility dropped, so did the sheep profits and a switch to grouse and deer was the only way to maintain profits. This did little for the landscape however, which continued to be empty. As one commentator wrote in the 1840s, after travelling through the area:
All is solitude within the valley.. except where, at wide intervals, the shieling of a shepherd may be seen; but at its opening, where the hills range to the coast, the cottages for miles together lies clustered as in a hamlet. From the north of Helmsdale to the south of Port Gower, the lower slopes of the hills are covered by a labyrinth of stone fences, minute patches of corn and endless cottages. It would seem as if, for twenty miles, the long withdrawing valley had been swept of its inhabitants and the accumulated sweepings left at its mouth, just as we see the sweepings of a room sometimes left at the door. And such generally is the present state of Sutherland.
The land had been, "improved into a desert". Karl Marx, an observer from afar of the Clearances, noted that "the history of the wealth of the Sutherland family [was] the history of the ruin... of the Scotch-Gaelic population".
James Hunter ends by pointing out that the present emptiness of the Highlands is something of a strange aberration and that one day the places that had been cleared will be full of people again. While this may or may not be true one day, it is an important reminder that the countryside we take for granted is not necessarily a pristine one, but rather is in the process of constant change. The Clearances, like the Enclosures in England that cleared landscapes, destroyed communities, and transformed people into wage labourers, were part and parcel of the emergence of a system that puts people before profit. The importance of James Hunter's book is that it shows this was not inevitable, nor necessary. In doing so he rescues the stories, and frequently the names, of those who would otherwise be simply remembered as victims of the greed of the Duke and Duchess of Sutherland.
Sharp - In Contempt of All Authority
Hutchinson - Martyrs: Glendale and the Revolution in Skye
Cameron - The Ballad and the Plough
Richards - The Highland Clearances
Labels: agriculture, modern history, Scotland
Ignacio Padilla - Shadow Without A Name
This compelling, if confusing novel spans the darkest years of the twentieth century, from the beginning of the First World War, to the aftermath of the second. Its characters live in central Europe and find themselves in the middle of war, fascism and the Holocaust.
The novel begins with an attempt through a bet on a chess game, to win an identity change which will leave one person in relative safety behind the lines, and the other facing the bullets and shells in the trenches. This sets the scene for repeated changes of identity, until it becomes unclear precisely who is telling the story, about whom.
These characters become embroiled in the nascent fascist movements at the end of the First World War, and eventually rise to be at the heart of Hitler's Nazi Party and, in one case, uniquely positioned to witness the beginnings of the Final Solution. To say more would spoil a complex plot that had this reader constantly looking back to earlier chapters to try and better understand events.
Well written, compelling, shocking and innovative, this is an excellent novel from an author who tragically died far too young.
Labels: fiction, Germany
Buchanan Sharp - In Contempt of All Authority: Rural Artisans and Riot in the West of England: 1586-1660
This is an important work of history which reminds us of the extensive class battles that took place between some of the poorest inhabitants of rural England and government and landlords. The book also challenges some commonplace views of English agrarian history, about the role of artisans within peasant rural communities in the period.
Sharp begins with a study of food riots between 1585-1631. This study isn't restricted just to the West of England, and again challenges some traditional views. In particular the author argues riots did not occur because of a shortage of food, rather because of poverty. This was the result of unemployment of those who worked in the textile and cloth industries. As Sharp points out, the economic backdrop to these riots meant that they tended to be more common than those that resulted simply out of failed harvests:
A depression by itself created more frequent and more severe disorders than a single bad harvest; as the exception case of the yeas 1594-1597 illustrates, more than on bad harvest was required to deplete food stocks and produce major rioting. The most serious situation was a depression during which a harvest failed: under such conditions, as in 1630, social problems were heightened to critical levels...One is led to agree with EP Thompson's conclusions about the eighteenth-century crowd: food riots were no... spasmodic outbursts of mindless rage or mere cloaks for criminal behavior, but were, rather, disciplined forms of popular action.
Sharp continues that "almost every riot involved an attempt to seize grain which was on the move" but, he argues that there was not, in these circumstances "indication of any moral economy governing the behavior of food rioters in the earlier period" when compared to eighteenth-century food riots... in other words food was taken and distributed, not sold at what was considered a fair price. Sharp notes that
Too much emphasis on the notion of a moral economy of the crowd can lead to an overly sentimental view of the life and behavior of the poor and can obscure the reality of the pain, desperation and anger they felt in times of depression and scarcity.
"Necessity hath no lawe" as one document sent to the mayor of Norwich complaining about the high price of grain and the greed of the rich has it. Partly in response to demands from the poor and partly to try and prevent further riots, the Elizabethan and then Stuart governments issued a Book of Orders on several occasions, this was an attempt to govern the sale of food at affordable prices. Restrictions on the export of grain and the brewing were also used. However the government was able to do very little to respond to the economic crises that were causing destitution. If the demand for cloth in Europe dropped there was not much more that could be done except to plead with merchants to buy more cloth and offer limited relief to the unemployed.
It is easy however to criticise the failings of Tudor and Stuart governments. Sharp notes however that while they could not produce miracles, they did seem to be able to transfer grain to areas with shortages. He concludes though that this was because "the hungry and unemployed in the economically more developed South and West who rioted and thereby gained the Crown's undivided attention". Areas that didn't riot, suffered more.
Western Rising
Rioting was also the key response to the question that takes up the bulk of Sharp's book, which is the enclosures and disafforestation of the Crown Forests in West England. In particular he looks at the Western Rising, a prolonged period of unrest and repeated riots against enclosures that took place from 1626-1632. At the time the governments thought that these riots were the work of agitators from among the more well-to-do sections of rural society. They could not believe that ordinary people would organise in the way that they did. During the Western Rising, the habit of some of the male rioters to dress in women's clothes and call themselves Lady Skimington, resulted int he government searching across the country for the Skimington responsible for the multiple outbreaks of criminal behaviour.
There was a common pattern to the rioting. Short of money, the Crown decided to parcel up the land. This they did through a process that Sharp calls "enclosure by agreement", this meant negotiation with the better off tenants and landowners and usually the provision of some land for the poorest. The poorest relying on the land for wood, resources, animals etc. This enclosure was often challenged legally, with the better off tenants trying to argue (and frequently winning) more land, based on historic use etc. Once the better sort had divided up the spoils, the rioting started. Fences were torn down, frequently on a huge scale. Those that rioted rarely overlapped with those that went to court as Sharp proves through detailed examinations of historical records. It should be no surprise that the poorest couldn't afford legal redress. Many of those who rioted had little or no land, and were engaged in the cloth industry, and, in the exceptional case of the Forest of Dean, the mining industry.
It could... be argued that there were two types of forest inhabitants, those with land who went to law to protect their rights and those with little or no land who rioted to defend their interests. The bitter irony of disafforestation was that those people most dependent on the forest as open waste either had no legal title to the rights of common they exercised and thus no valid claim to compensation, or the tenements for which they had a valid claim to common were so small that the compensation received was minuscule...one of the misconceptions integral to the orthodox interpretation of disafforestation is that all inhabitants in and around the forests had legal rights of common that they lost... this view simply ignores the cottagers and assumes that forests were inhabited only freeholders and substantial copyholders.
Sharp challenges other traditional views. Those who led the riots were artisans, not peasants. Their industrial labour was not a "by-employment" of people engaged predominately in agricultural work. These were people who were completely reliant on their work in the textile industries (and occasionally other work such as mining) and had yet to become part of wider, wage labour practises that were dominating elsewhere. Nor was this labour "urban". There were no urban centres near these forests. As Sharp points out, there were significant numbers of people without land. One study of the village of Brigstock in Northamptonshire near Rockingham Forest in 1596 shows that only forty percent of householders had land to farm. As Sharp concludes, "the cottagers had ceased to be peasants and had become members of a rural proletariat". This growing rural population would have an increasingly effect on the English economy. But in the period covered by this book they were the people most likely to fight back to prevent, limit or reduce enclosure of Forest lands that they needed to protect their livelihoods.
We can have no better summary of the class position of those who rioted, as that given by Thomas Yerworth, a yeoman, who said in 1631 of the rioters in Dean, "All the persons that ever he could heare of that were in the said accion were very beggerly and naughty people and such as he never saw or tooke notice of".
Sharp's book follows the story through into the Civil War period and the Restoration. Drawing links between struggles during the Wars and previously. Rarely do the population take particular sides in the Civil War, but their struggles are shaped and conditioned by the nature of that conflict and the factional political interests. There is also some overlap with the Clubmen who fought as neutrals to defend land and crops from both sides in the conflict.
In conclusion this book is an important work for those trying to understand the rural population in England in the era before capitalism and urban industry came to dominate. It combines excellent scholarship and brilliant studies of ordinary people fighting for justice and deserves a wider readership.
Manning - Aristocrats, Plebians and Revolution in England 1640-1660
Sutton - Food Worth Fighting For: From Food Riots to Food Banks
Hill - World Turned Upsidedown
Zmolek - Rethinking the Industrial Revolution
Labels: agriculture, Early Modern History, medieval history
John Bellamy Foster & Paul Burkett - Marx and the ...
Barbara C. Allen - Alexander Shlyapnikov 1885-1937...
James Hunter - Set Adrift Upon the World: The Suth...
Buchanan Sharp - In Contempt of All Authority: Rur...


Career counselor certificate programs typically consist of 1-6 classes that focus solely on career counseling and award students a certificate of completion.
Many undergraduate and graduate certificate programs in career counseling focus on recommended competencies outlined by the National Career Development Association (NCDA), which include career counseling theory, organizational behavior and administration, career development in special populations, vocational assessment and resource development. In general, students learn how to assess client interests and help them explore career options in both the short and long term.
Undergraduate applicants need to submit high school transcripts, standardized test scores, personal essay are necessary. Graduate applicants need to submit college transcripts, GRE scores, a resume, letters of recommendation and a personal statement. Most career counselors hold a master's degree. State licensure is typically required for career counselors who open private practices. Counselors may also gain professional benefits from being certified by the National Board for Certified Counselors. Some classes are offered online.
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) predicts that employment for school and career counselors will grow by 8% between 2014 and 2024. Vocational, educational, guidance and school counselors made a mean annual salary of $56,490 as of May 2015, according to the BLS. The lowest-paid ten percent of these counselors made less than $33,000, while the highest-paid ten percent earned upwards of $87,000 that year.
Practicing career counselors who wish to get certified can take the National Certified Counselor (NCC) exam administered by the National Board for Certified Counselors (NBCC). NCC certification is open to all types of counselors. This certification is not required to practice independently as a career counselor, being a voluntary certification sought by career counselors who have met the requirements.
This certification is not a substitute for state licensing; however, the NCC certification is a requirement for many states' licensing exams. State licenses represent a state's permission for a career counselor to practice. Some states require career counselors to get a single license, while others use a 2-tier system.
One advantage to NCC certification is that, unlike state certifications, it can be used as a credential no matter where the career counselor goes, even overseas. It represents a national standard. Additionally, NCC certification allows access to the NBCC's counseling referral service, qualifies the career counselor for discounts on liability insurance and helps counselors develop a professional network of colleagues.
Career counselor certificate programs can help those entering the field display their proficiency, though state licensee is still required for practicing counselors. This career field is expected to grow a decent amount in the next ten years.


(2008) Infect Genet Evol 8, 239-246.
Many recent studies have sought to quantify the degree to which viral phenotypic characters (such as epidemiological risk group, geographic location, cell tropism, drug resistance state, etc.) are correlated with shared ancestry, as represented by a viral phylogenetic tree. Here, we present a new Bayesian Markov-Chain Monte Carlo approach to the investigation of such phylogeny?trait correlations. This method accounts for uncertainty arising from phylogenetic error and provides a statistical significance test of the null hypothesis that traits are associated randomly with phylogeny tips. We perform extensive simulations to explore and compare the behaviour of three statistics of phylogeny?trait correlation. Finally, we re-analyse two existing published data sets as case studies. Our framework aims to provide an improvement over existing methods for this problem.


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