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The 1998 Yankees and the quiet legacy of 125-50: Twenty Years Later
Has it really been 20 years since the summer of 1998?
That was a great summer: I had just graduated from high school, had a full 3 months of summer working at the local swimming pool before moving into a dorm to start my freshman year of college. It was a magical summer, not just magical for me but for Major League Baseball.
This was the summer of Mark McGwire and Sammy Sosa and their chase for Roger Maris and his immortal 60 home runs. At that time, it was truly a home run chase for the ages. Whatever your opinion of it now, the McGwire/Sosa chase for breaking the Roger Maris record of 60 home runs in 1998 was the biggest story the entire summer.
It was also the summer of the New York Yankees, and as close to perfection that a baseball team can achieve.
The 1998 Yankees dominated an entire baseball season from start to finish in a way that had never been done before, and probably won't be again. They played 175 total games (postseason included), and won 125 of them. Their record when it was all said and done was 125-50.
125-50!!
Just think about that for a moment.
That means they were seventy-five games over .500.
Hell, they were 61-20 at the All Star Break. It is a ridiculous number of victories, and was a team that nearly had no weakness at any position.
They had Tino Martinez at first, who came to the Bronx from Seattle in 1996 with the giant task replacing the Iconic Don Mattingly who retired at the end of the 1995 season. Tino responded by being a key piece in a 1996 World Series Championship. He then ended up driving in 144 runs, hitting 44 bombs, and batting .296 in 1997. Yankee fans were suddenly feeling like Tino was a huge upgrade to an aging Mattingly. I don't think there were many Yankee fans out there who loved Donnie more than me, but Tino's monster years helped ease the transition. Driving in 144 runs eases just about any transition.
Derek Jeter started at SS, and by 1998 was already the Crown Prince of the city following his 1996 Rookie of The Year campaign and helping end the World Series drought. In 1998 Jeter was already an exceptional leader by age 24, and many veterans had turned to in any large moment. This was before Jeter became "DJ3K" and all that stuff. He was a dynamic and explosive ballplayer that season, with incredible bat speed and lengthy range at short. The biggest thing I remember about '98 Jeter is that he had a lightning quick bat, and made contact all the time. Heading into year three he was primed to take another step towards reaching peak potential.
Paul O'Neill returned to the Yankees in '98 as the veteran right fielder who was as pissed off as anyone when things didn't go well. In Yankee manager Joe Torre's exceptional memoir "The Yankee Years" he described his right fielder: 'Paul O'Neill had a desperation to win'. It was that characteristic that set the tone for this team. No one cared about who got the credit, but nobody wanted to be the guy to make the final out, and not do his job to help the team. O'Neill personified that for this ball club.
Center fielder Bernie Williams would go on to hit .339 and win a batting title in 1998. He won a Gold Glove with his long legs and tremendous outfield range. Yet his batting title was really the lone significant league leader they had on that team. A major narrative with Bernie throughout the season, and especially following the World Series, is that '98 would be his last season with the Yankees. He was set to be a free agent, and all signs pointed to him testing the market and likely landing in Boston.
Fortunately, he didn't end up in Boston. Or 2004 may have happened for the Red Sox earlier than 2004.
Chad Curtis started 100 games in left field with Hall of Famer Tim Raines also seeing starts there, as did rookie Ricky Ledee when he was called up later in the season. You can Google search Chad Curtis if you are interested to see the details of why he is currently serving a prison sentence. Unfortunately his name can't be erased from the roster. You won't read any of his accolades here.
Chuck Knoblauch, a guy my dad referred to as a "pest" while with the Minnesota Twins, was the 2nd baseman. Knoblauch was really, really good and was a huge piece for the '91 champion Twins. He had tremendous speed, and throughout his entire career was a really tough out. Unfortunately that year he was plagued by what was called the "yips" at 2nd base. Basically when a player struggles to do something routine, like field an easy grounder at second and throw to first base. This turned difficult for Chuck, and Yankee fans held their collective breath every time a ball was hit to him.
Even more unfortunate is when the Minnesota Twins cancelled their planned induction of Knoblauch into the Twins Hall Of Fame in 2014. Let's just say Knoblauch and Curtis won't be invited to Old Timers Day any time soon. Or probably ever.
Jorge Posada and Joe Girardi were the catchers, with the up-and-coming Jorge being the primary battery mate with the pitching staff. Both were tremendous competitors and complemented each other and each pitcher they worked with.
Before Girardi was the Yankees manager, and a damn fine one at that, he was a key contributor to the '96 championship. His triple early in the clinching game 6 of the '96 World Series made him a Bronx hero and vaulted the Yankees to the win at home.
Mariano Rivera was entering his second season as closer in 1998. He would go on to have the role for the Yankees for 17 consecutive seasons, an absolutely absurd number of seasons in the position. Rivera was a key piece of the '96 Championship as he had the 8th inning role setting up then-closer John Wetteland.
He ended up notching 36 saves in '98, and 6 saves in the postseason. Rivera finished with 0.00 ERA in the '98 postseason.
Rivera would finish his career with a postseason ERA of 0.70 in 141.0 innings. Against the best of the best hitters. That is not a typo.
They had budding young superstars approaching peak potential (Jeter, Rivera, Posada, Andy Pettitte, Williams), aging stars still performing at a high level (Darryl Strawberry, Tim Raines, Chili Davis, David Cone, Paul O'Neill), flash in the pan one-hit wonders that delivered in big moments down the stretch (Ricky Ledee, Shane Spencer), New York party animals delivering historic outings (David Wells), and a Cuban defector with a great nickname (El Duque) pitching the biggest games of the season just months after arriving on a makeshift raft out of Cuba.
Nearly every button Joe Torre pushed that summer worked. Everything fell into place at the perfect time for this perfect team. That's how you win 125 games.
They went 24 consecutive series in the regular season without losing a series. They clinched a playoff birth in August. The Red Sox won 92 games, and finished 22 games behind the Yankees in the AL East at seasons end. Twenty-two. Just think, 92 wins is a damn nice season.
They didn't have a 30 HR hitter, but they led all of baseball in runs scored. They also had ten different players hit 10 or more that season. I'll get to that in a minute.
Their starting rotation was so good that Andy Pettitte was designated the 4th starter in the World Series. And Orlando 'El Duque' Hernandez was so good so fast that Joe Torre trusted him in the postseason rotation to win arguably the most important game that season: game 4 of the ALCS vs. Cleveland. The Yankees had dropped 2 straight in that series after winning the opener. This was an Indian lineup that featured the lethal power combination of Jim Thome and Manny Ramirez. For my money, Thome/Manny were the scariest combination I can remember for a Yankee opponent in any year. El Duque then pitched his best outing of the season in game 4 and the Yankees tied the series. Everything they did worked. Every move. Every damn thing.
Tom Verducci, SI Sr. Writer, Nov. 2nd 1998:
"This year the Yankees led the majors in wins, runs, RBI's, and on-base percentage. They also finished among the top five in batting average, hits, steals, walks, slugging percentage, fewest errors, complete games, shutouts, and saves. They scored more runs than any other team in the majors. They allowed fewer runs than any other team in the majors."
They scored the most runs, and gave up the fewest runs.
The purpose of this piece is to truly break down and dig into why and how they were able to do this. They dominated the regular season, and the season was validated by the fact that they won the World Series. It was even more validated when they won the World Series in 1999 and 2000 as well. But the point of this isn't to get into those years. This is all about 1998, and as we are in the middle of the 20th anniversary of that special summer it's the perfect time to dig into it.
Let's start from the beginning, which for the 1998 Yankees starts at the end of '97, with Paul O'Neill getting thrown out at 2nd base to end the ALDS vs. Cleveland. The clincher for the Indians ended on a sour note when O'Neill was thrown out trying to extend a single to a double. This sour note lasted the entire offseason, and was especially sour after the high of the dramatic 1996 triumph over the Atlanta Braves in the World Series after dropping the first two games at home.
Also at the end of '97 came the acquisition of an average player. Perhaps in 1997, a very dismal player might've been a better description of Scott Brosius.
*The acquisition of Scott Brosius*
In 1997 Scott Brosius hit .203 in 129 games for Oakland. So why was he so appealing to Yankees GM Bryan Cashman? Well for starters, they needed a third baseman. Wade Boggs and Charlie Hayes were the everyday third baseman in '97, and neither would be returning for the '98 campaign. They needed to fill a position, and Brosius was also thought to be a viable utility option if nothing else.
So the team acted and pitcher Kenny Rogers was traded from the Yankees to the A's for Brosius. As a safety net they also signed free agent 3rd baseman Dale Sveum from Pittsburgh, who would be valuable as it was unlikely that Brosius would provide big production at 3rd base. The organization also thought very highly of Mike Lowell, who was a prospect in their farm system. Yes, that Mike Lowell of Boston lore.
Brosius arrived and made an immediate impact in spring training, and won the starting job at 3rd by opening day. In an October 22, 1998 New York times story by then-Yankees beat writer Buster Olney, Joe Torre stated in spring training that year that "Brosius was the best I had ever seen at charging in and barehanding grounders and throwing to first."
The Yankees at that point already had big-name players that were already well established and many owned a championship ring from '96. They obviously needed those big names to be successful in 1998. But you also need a veteran like Scott Brosius to come in and have an impact. Which is exactly what he did as he had a scorching start to 1998, catapulted by a 5 RBI/3 hit outing vs. Toronto's Roger Clemens in an early April game. This game served as a prelude to him hitting big-time throwers that season, and in seasons to come.
Brosius then went on to hit nearly .400 (.396) in the month of May, not bad for the number nine hitter in the lineup. Now let's apply that and think about how a team can win 125 games, and start 61-20 by the break. It happens when your #9 hitter put together months where he hits .396.
What is most unique (and also very hard) about winning baseball games is that you need so many pieces to be successful. You can't just sign the Lebron James in baseball or one player and expect that to mean automatic success. Think about it. Would Tampa Bay suddenly be a contender in the American League if they signed Mike Trout today? Sure it would help their lineup, but it's unlikely they would win the Pennant. You need so many more positions to be set, and you need team chemistry.
What the hell is team chemistry? Well, a great strength of the 1998 Yankees was chemistry. Guys didn't care who got the credit, they just didn't want to be the one to make the out. They used that chemistry to relentlessly wreck pitching staffs. They wore out pitchers, and famously became known for having at-bats where they routinely fouled off pitches to wear out pitchers. They walked. A lot.
In the great Tom Verducci's August 17th 1998 SI piece said about the Yankees "A methodical, unspectacular offensive team whose signature weapon is the base on balls."
Walks will kill a pitcher. Remember, this was also the year of the Home Run. The Yankees home run leader that year was Tino with 28. Thirteen players in baseball hit 40 or more home runs that year, and four hit 50.
Even though no Yankee hit 30, they had ten different players hit double-digit home runs in '98:
Tino Martinez 28, Bernie Williams 26, Paul O'Neill 24, Darryl Strawberry 24, Jeter 19, Brosius 19, Jorge Posada 17, Chuck Knoblauch 17, Chad Curtis 10, and Shane Spencer 10.
When you look at it that way, that's a lot of home runs from a lot of different players.
Strawberry especially stands out that season, as it seemed to me the majority of his 24 home runs came with him as a pinch hitter. Again, this team won 125 games. How? Have Darryl Strawberry hit 24 home runs in 101 games.
*May 17, 1998*
I know that I have gotten older based on how grainy the footage of the famous David Wells game looks. Jimmy Fallon recently confirmed on Late Night With Seth Myers that he was out with David Wells the Saturday before at a Saturday Night Live after party until after 5am the previous night. Turns out that wasn't exactly the case. In Rob Neyer's May 17th 2017 Complex Magazine piece, SNL producer Marci Kline claims it couldn't have been after the show. According to her, season 23 had wrapped up May 9th, so there wasn't an after party the night/morning before Wells took the mound on the 17th. But in any event he was out with cast members the night before, and got home at 5:30 am.
In Joe Torre's book "The Yankee Years", he described David 'Boomer' Wells that he "had an arm like Sandy Koufax", unbelievably high praise for a guy that spent time that year on Joe Torre's shit list. Not hard to understand why I guess, he did go out all night the night before a Sunday afternoon game where he was slated as the starter.
So when May 17th, 1998 happened I spent the first part of the afternoon receiving my high school diploma as I graduated that day from Emery High School in Emery, South Dakota.
When I arrived home from the ceremony and was changing out of my cap and gown, I heard my Dad yell to me:
"JOE! DAVID WELLS THREW A PERFECT GAME!!!"
Wells went 27 up and 27 down on an afternoon game, and at that time became the first Yankee since Don Larson's 1956 World Series game to be perfect. There was also a beanie baby giveaway at Yankee Stadium that day. Remember those?
In any event, the fact that Wells threw a perfect game on the day I graduated high school has always been really special to me. It was a historic baseball outing and at that time was only the 15th perfect game in MLB history. It occurred on a day that was up to that point: the most significant day in my young life. There isn't a May 17th that comes by that it's not the first thing I think of.
From a baseball standpoint in 1998, what the perfect game seemed to do for David Wells is gave him supreme confidence for the remainder of the season. After the perfect game, he cruised to a 17-4 record for the remainder of the year. Boomer was even better in the postseason as he went 4-0 combined vs. the Rangers, Indians, and Padres en route to the '98 Title.
How do you win 125 games? You have an out of shape dude with an arm like Sandy Koufax go out until 5:30 am on a Saturday before a start, then throw a perfect game a few hours later.
*El Duque*
Probably the most significant example of every single thing falling into place for the New York Yankees in 1998 was how great El Duque pitched from the first time he stepped on the rubber at Yankee Stadium.
The story of Orlando "El Duque" Hernandez is a story that is beyond baseball.
Let's start with the fact that El Duque was banned for life from playing baseball in Cuba. El Duque had been a baseball superstar for the Industriales in the Cuban professional league. His ban came to him after his brother Livan defected in 1995 to Miami, and the Cuban government feared Orlando would be next to leave. Livan went on to be spectacular for the Florida Marlins, becoming the MVP of the 1997 World Series. So El Duque essentially paid for his brother leaving Cuba, as they feared that El Duque would be next to leave.
They were right.
In the fantastic ESPN Film "Brothers In Exile" it states that on the morning of December 26th in 1997, El Duque and 8 others defected Cuba in a small fishing boat. According to the film their first destination was the Anguilla Cay, and uninhabited area in the Bahamas and from there they would be picked up by another boat and taken into Costa Rica. But no one came by boat to pick them up when they arrived. 4 days then passed. They were stranded, without food on a tiny island for 4 days. Finally, the US Coast Guard discovered them and took them to safety in the Bahamas. Only, the Bahamas weren't the safest place for them either as it was operated by Cuba at the time. Fortunately after several days, they were granted visas and were able to fly to Costa Rica.
The film goes on to say that in February of 1998 El Duque held a workout in front of Major League scouts. His workout, according to some scouts, was subpar. His fastball was only reaching upper 80's. But Yankees scout Gordon Blakely had scouted El Duque for years and believed he was capable of big things. He convinced Brian Cashman, and a deal was done. El Duque was a Yankee just a few short months removed from literally being stranded on a deserted island.
On June 3, 1998 El Duque made his pitching debut in Yankee Stadium. He won his first start, going 8 innings in a 7-1 victory. The win pushed the Yankees record to 40-13.
Hold on, it gets better.
El Duque finished the regular season 12-4, and made his postseason debut at the one and only critical time of the '98 playoff run that the team was in serious trouble.
Buster Olney: "They had lost the first three games of the regular season, and after that, they were never really vulnerable again until one 48-hour period in the American League Championship Series, until Orlando Hernandez struck out Jim Thome on a 3-2 changeup with the bases loaded — a pitch El Duque had learned only weeks before — to end a sixth-inning rally in Game 4."
The Yankees were down 2-1 in the series to Cleveland. El Duque took the ball for game 4 at Cleveland and threw brilliantly: 7 innings, 0 runs, 6 strikeouts. The Yankees won 4-0 to tie the series. They would go on to win every game for the rest of the postseason.
Remember, this team finished the year at 125-50. How do you go 125-50? You have a guy flee his country and risk his life, make his Major League debut just a few months later and throw lights-out in the biggest moments the game of baseball has to offer. That's exactly what El Duque Hernandez did in 1998.
*Jeter or Nomar?*
It's difficult to remember Derek Jeter as not an iconic player. But in 1998, he was still the budding crown prince of New York. He was an elastic and explosive shortstop, and led the league with 127 runs scored that season. 1998 also brought his first 200 hit season, and he hit a then career high of .324 while finishing third in the MVP voting behind Juan Gonzalez and Nomar Garciapara.
Or as the Red Sox faithful referred to him then: "Nomah!!"
1998 is when the Jeter vs. Nomar rivalry got rolling, as to who was better. It's nice how that heavily played out in Jeter's favor by the end of their careers.
"But that year, the Yankees didn't really care about just making the playoffs, or reaching the World Series. The players had felt like they had blown a great chance in the '97 playoffs against the Indians, and the Yankees went into 1998 on a mission to win the championship. Or bust." -Buster Olney, New York Times, 1998
The early season success of this current 2018 Yankee team has drawn comparisons to 1998. Hold. On. A Damn Minute Now!! It's nearly impossible to duplicate when you consider:
Everything clicked! Everything! Pinch hitters, bench guys, bullpen: hell they had two starters not even make the starting rotation in the postseason that were outstanding the majority of their starts during the season. Hideki Arabu went 13-9 in 1998, and Ramiro Mendoza went 10-1. Neither made a postseason start in 1998. There were probably some teams that year where either one would've been the #1 or #2 starter in their rotation.
I understand it's a no brainer to have the postseason rotation Wells, Cone, El Duque, and Pettitte but the point is that Mendoza and Arabu had dynamite starting outings in 1998.
One narrative that occurred throughout the season, and started in about early June, was that if the Yankees did not win the World Series the season would be a failure. This is an incredibly difficult scenario to play baseball in on a daily basis. Just look at other respective leagues when teams chase historic records. More on that in a moment.
The way the game is now, rarely does the team that finishes with the best regular-season record celebrate on their infield with a trophy at the end of the season.
Here's proof: in the last ten seasons only two teams: the 2016 Cubs and the 2009 Yankees held the sole best record in baseball at seasons end and won the World Series. That's only 2 of the last 10 championship teams. The 2013 Red Sox tied for the best record with St. Louis and won the World Series. So it doesn't happen as often as you'd think.
But in 1998, this was the daily discussion: World Series or bust for the Yankees. It is so difficult to play under that pressure. But they not only succeeded with that pressure, they flourished.
When the regular season was all said and done, the team finished with a record of 114-48. At that time 114 wins became the regular season record for wins in the history of baseball. Three years later the 2001 Seattle Mariners broke this record and finished 116-46. They faced relatively the same core of the '98 Yankees in the ALCS in 2001 and were dispatched in 5 games.
The '98 Yankees was truly the apex of their 4 title run, and even in 2001 were still playing a high level of baseball.
In the '98 American League Division Series, the Yankees swept the Texas Rangers and MVP Juan Gonzalez. Wells won game 1, Pettitte won game 2, and David Cone won game 3. Yankee pitching gave up just one total run in the three games.
After downing Cleveland 4 games to 2 in the ALCS, they faced the San Diego Padres in the World Series. The creme de la creme victory of the series was the Yankees coming to bat in the 8th inning of game 3 with the Padres leading the game 3-2. Trevor Hoffman was pitching. The Padres were 58-0 that season with Hoffman pitching with a lead.
They would finish 58-1.
Scott Brosius, remember a .203 hitter in 1997, hit a three-run homer off of Hoffman in the 8th to help the Yankees escape with a 5-4 victory in a critical game 3.
By the time the Yankees completed the 4 game sweep, it was at that time the lowest rated World Series in TV viewing history.
Tom Verducci, SI, November 2nd 1998:
"Before Game 4 Paul Molitor, one of the game's aficionados, was
sitting near some Fox TV executives who were bemoaning the
possibility of a sweep and lamenting the shortfall of drama, ad
revenue and, no doubt, opportunities to shamelessly plug the
network's B-list actors. "I was saying, 'I totally disagree,'"
Molitor says. "Rather than having a tight World Series, it's
perfect to have it end with this great Yankee team sweeping.
What better exclamation point could you have to this season?"
It's been funny that the legacy of this Yankee team hasn't been spoken of too much so far this summer. I did hear early season comparisons of this years 2018 Yankees club with its 1998 predecessor and it's not even fair to do that. As I type this on June 20th 2018 the current Yankees are 48-22, which is certainly a remarkable record 70 games in. The '98 Yankees were 51-19, so they are 3 only three games behind.
I guess if they would've been 61-20 at the break I'd be ready to entertain comparisons, so let's hold off on saying this years club is like the '98 team.
Because it's not fair to think they can stay on this pace, and ultimately with how loaded the AL currently is (Houston and Boston especially) it seems unlikely that this season would finish with any team eclipsing 125 total wins.
Maybe I'll turn out wrong. Maybe not this season but somewhere in the future a team will surpass 125. But it really seems impossible when you consider everything that happened that season to the Yankees. It felt like everything went their way for an entire season, and it did.
What makes the '98 season even more remarkable is when you consider other leagues and teams that have broken the best all-time records but fell short of the prize at the end.
The 2007 New England Patriots went 16-0 in the regular season but lost the Super Bowl. The 2016 Golden State Warriors went 73-9 but lost in the NBA Finals in seven games. I mentioned the 2001 Mariners above, breaking the '98 Yanks 114 regular season win mark but failing to win the World Series. Chasing the best record all-time obviously does something to a team in the long run.
But the 1998 Yankees finished 125-50 and included in that was a sweep on the biggest stage in a season that was looked at as a failure if they would not win a championship.
It's incredibly difficult to win under those circumstances, and it's truly remarkable to look back 20 years later.
If nothing else, there's 125 reasons why the 1998 Yankees have been the greatest team in the history of baseball since the final out on an October night in San Diego.
Cue John Sterling 125 times.
Author Joe JanssenPosted on June 29, 2018 June 29, 2018
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Mothers' Union meets on the first Tuesday of each month at 2.30pm.
Women's Fellowship meet on Tuesdays at 2:30pm during the rest of the month.
St. Clement's Branch of Mothers' Union meet at St. Clement's Church hall at 2.30pm on the 1st Tuesday of each month. If you would like any information about Mothers' Union or would like to join us please contact the Church Office. We are pleased to welcome everyone who would like to join us at our meetings.
Women's Fellowship meet in the hall at 2:30pm on Tuesdays during the rest of the month. If you would like more information about Women's Fellowship please contact Barbara Rogers on 01202 772103 or Jane Foster on 01202 748058.


Threads was the first art collection created for the Red String series. It brings you the color of the Red String world with a collection of old and new full-color illustrations. There are also six pages of guest art from some fabulous comic artists included in the book. Threads was the first art collection created for the Red String series. It brings you the color of the Red String world with a collection of old and new full-color illustrations. There are also six pages of guest art from some fabulous comic artists included in the book.
SKU: 2109_43056_10 Categories: Art Books, Manga, TPB Tag: Red String Brands: Strawberry Comics.


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Jaguar Land Rover India today announced that it has opened bookings of its all-electric Performance SUV, the Jaguar I-PACE. The vehicle is fitted with the state-of-the-art 90 kWh Lithium-ion battery that delivers 400 PS from its two electric motors. The 90 kWh Lithium-ion battery comes with an 8 years or 160 000 km warranty.
05 Nov 2020 | 0
Mercedes-Benz EQC Launched
Mercedes-Benz, India's largest luxury carmaker, today ushered in a new era of future mobility in the luxury segment with the launch of Mercedes-Benz EQC. The Mercedes-Benz EQC is the first product under Mercedes-Benz EQ brand, it represents Mercedes-Benz's commitment to the automotive industry's journey towards a sustainable future and signifies a major milestone towards Mercedes-Benz's "Ambition 2039" which aims to achieve climate-neutral mobility.
08 Oct 2020 | 0
The Audi e-tron S & S Sportback Launched
Audi has kicked its electric offense into hyperdrive – with the new Audi e-tron S and the new Audi e-tron S Sportback. Both S models with fully electric drive use three electric motors, two of which operate on the rear axle. Their intelligent drive control raises vehicle safety, and dynamic handling, to a new level. In addition to the electric all-wheel drive, the vehicles are equipped with electric torque vectoring with active and fully variable torque distribution on the rear axle.
14 Sep 2020 | 0
Skoda ENYAQ iV Unveiled
By launching its brand-new ENYAQ iV, ŠKODA is taking the next systematic step in the implementation of its E-Mobility strategy. The all-electric SUV is the Czech car manufacturer's first production model to be based on Volkswagen Group's MEB modular electric car platform. The ŠKODA ENYAQ iV offers rear- or all-wheel drive, along with a range that is perfectly suitable for everyday use, covering up to 510 km* in the WLTP cycle, and brand-typical spaciousness.
BMW 5 Series now gets top of the line 545e xDrive
BMW updated the 5 Series, early this year and now they have introduced yet top model in the range of plug-in hybrids for the new BMW 5 Series featuring a straight six-cylinder petrol engine and four-wheel drive for a combination of maximum energy efficiency and dynamic performance.
Audi e-tron snatches the top spot in its segment
In the first half of 2020, Audi delivered 17,641 e-tron models to customers worldwide. This corresponds to an increase of 86.8 percent as compared to the previous year – despite the difficult market situation due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The fully electric Audi model is therefore way ahead of its competitors in the full-size battery electric vehicle SUV segment worldwide. It is even the overall top-selling electric SUV in Europe.
Porsche Taycan declared as the most innovative car in the world
Thanks to a total of 27 new developments, the Porsche Taycan is the most important innovation driver in the global automotive market. 13 of these, or almost half, are world firsts. These are the conclusions of the new Automotive Innovations Report published by the Center of Automotive Management
The BMW X3 goes i
It's the first ever X that gets i now. Well, BMW digitally premiered the first ever BMW iX3, an all-electric Sports Activity Vehicle. BMW X3 is the first model to be available with a petrol or diesel engine, plug-in hybrid drive system or all-electric drive system.
Audi Unveils the Q4 Sportback e-tron concept
The Audi Q4 e-tron concept gave visitors to the 2019 Geneva Motor Show a taste of the first compact electric SUV from Audi. With the Q4 Sportback e-tron, the brand is now presenting the second model of the product line that will go into production in 2021 as an SUV Coupé.
LandRover Electric Evoque and Discovery Sport
LandRover in April added a new plug-in hybrid system in its best-selling SUV models, the Range Rover Evoque and the Land Rover Discovery Sport, thereby expanding its electric car lineup. Both the premium compact SUVs are now available with plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) technology, with an electric-only range of up to 66 kms and 62 kms respectively.
25 May 2020 | 0

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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What Is Wrong With Grandpa Joe? Biden Falsely Claims He Has "Spent A Lot Of Time" With Kim Jong Un (Video)
What is wrong with Grandpa Joe?
(Gateway Pundit) – Joe Biden kicked off an 8-day bus tour in Iowa on Saturday approximately 2 months before the Democrat Iowa caucuses begin.
Biden falsely claimed that he has "spent a lot of time" with Kim Jong Un.
"You're gonna have to assume that position from the moment they are sworn in on January the 20th and know the rest of the world knows that person, in this case, me, and that I know them," Biden said referring to a US president's duties dealing with foreign leaders.
"Putin has no illusions about whether I know him or not. Kim Jong Un is another person…whether I know him or not…I've spent a lot of time with these folks. They know," Biden said.
Biden has never met Kim Jong Un and the fake news media won't call him out for his lie.
Joe Biden claims has has "spent a lot of time" with Kim Jong Un.
That is FALSE Biden and Kim Jong Un have never met. pic.twitter.com/evCJLqEdAz
— Francis Brennan (@FrancisBrennan) December 1, 2019
thegatewaypundit.com/2019/12/what-is-wrong-with-grandpa-joe-biden-falsely-claims-he-has-spent-a-lot-of-time-with-kim-jong-un-video/
FedUp December 3, 2019 At 10:26 am
I would love to see Uncle Joe and Hillary on stage together. That would put any comedy hour on TV to shame. It would be interesting to see which one would be the most confused, and which one would make the strangest, most bizarre statements.


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The Civic Purpose Colombia (Cívico Seriedad Colombia) is a political party in Colombia.
At the last legislative elections, 10 March 2002, the party won as one of the many small parties parliamentary representation.

Political parties in Colombia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Meet CAMO!
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Organizations Who Serve Military Families
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Blue Star Families was founded by military spouses in 2009 to empower these families to thrive as they serve. We're committed to strengthening military families by connecting them with their neighbors – individuals and organizations – to create vibrant communities of mutual support. We believe we're all stronger when we take care of one another.
Code of Support
The Code of Support Foundation leverages the nation's full spectrum of resources to ensure all members of the military and their families receive the benefits and support they need and have earned. They work to eliminate the barriers between the veterans and the millions of dollars spent of programs designed to serve them.
Military Interstate Children's Compact Commission (MIC3)
Through the Interstate Compact, MIC3 addresses key educational transition issues encountered by children of military families. Valuable information available on this site.
One in Five Minds
One in Five Minds advocates for children's mental health. There is a specific section with a wealth of information for military families.
Our Military Kids
Our Military Kids recognizes the sacrifice of children of deployed National Guard, deployed Reserve, or post 9/11 combat-injured service members by offering extracurricular activity grants that build the child's self-confidence, enhance family wellness, and strengthen a shared sense of community.
Patriot Link Vetted Resources
PATRIOTlink is a resource database filled with thousands of vetted, direct, cost-free resources tailored to the needs of the military and veteran community. The platform is a service of Code of Support Foundation.
COSF helps those in need navigate and access critical services by providing one-on-one support. Through this digital PATRIOTlink platform and the direct Case Coordination services, COSF connects veterans and caregivers to the people and resources they need to live full, healthy lives.
School Liaison Officers
School Liaisons are the boots on the ground for local school districts and families at every installation worldwide. They have their pulse on K-12 education in their communities and are standing by to assist schools, leadership, and families from all branches of service. They are the primary point of contact for all PreK-12 school-related matters. To locate your closest school liaison click below.
Sesame Street recognizes the need to support the military families. Reference the link below to see what they have of offer.
The Military Child Education Coalition (MCEC) has a wealth of information for parents and educators to help support the military child's educational needs and beyond.
Partners in P.R.O.M.I.S.E
Partners in Promise is an organization that supports military families with children with special needs. Visit their website to learn more about their mission and resources available.
PreK 4SA
Pre-K 4 SA is a comprehensive early childhood initiative aimed at changing the educational and workforce trajectory of San Antonio in one generation. Pre-K 4 SA offers full-day prekindergarten for 4-year-olds living in the City of San Antonio. Pre-K 4 SA is free for qualifying students. It is a free service for military children.
School Quest
Transitioning? In addition to contacting your School Liaison Officer, check out School Quest at the below address. This is a MCEC imitative that provides tools you can use to manage the school moves that work for you and your child.
Tutor.com for Military
On-demand, online tutoring, and homework help at no cost to eligible service members, DoD civilian employees, and their dependents. This is available 24/7 for military-connected students anywhere they have an internet connection.
Boys and Girls Club of America
Since 1991, Boys & Girls Clubs of America has partnered with the U.S. Armed Services to provide support and services to military-connected youth on and off installation. Because military-connected youth face unique challenges, Boys & Girls Clubs of America helps them access specialized opportunities, cultivate lifelong friendships and develop the resilience they need to build great futures. From rural areas, schools and inner-cities to military installations and Native lands, a Boys & Girls Club or BGCA-affiliated Youth Center is located in all 50 states and in 16 countries around the world, doing whatever it takes to provide a safe environment to help your child succeed.
Kids Rank
Check out this website to learn about a 501c3 program that provides military children with a sense of stability through interactive group learning experiences.
Operation Homefront
Operation Homefront has a mission is to build strong, stable, and secure military families so they can thrive in the communities that they've worked so hard to protect.
Special Olympics Unified School Districts
Special Olympics Texas Unified Champion Schools® is an education and sports based strategy powered by an engaged student community that breaks down barriers that separate students with and without intellectual disabilities. The Unified movement activates youth, engages educators, and promotes school communities of acceptance and inclusion where all young people are agents of change.
The Unified Champion Schools® approach incorporates Unified Sports® and Unified Activities, Inclusive Youth Leadership and Whole School Engagement. The benefits of UCS include: bullying prevention, moral intelligence, character development, leadership development, physical fitness and an increased positive school culture
The YMCA serves to strengthen the military family providing for youth development, healthy living
©2022 by Purple Up USA. Proudly created with Wix.com


I met many fantastic colleagues whilst working here whom I enjoyed collaborating with.
The company is experiencing a lot of change and very often. Therefore there is a lack of stability and feels disruptive for staff. There is a lot of emphasis on the structure of the company. There should be more focus on the actual work as opposed to management hierarchy. The company doesn't need so many directors and vice presidents. Too much focus on management who aren't doing an effective job.
The amount of redundant work is high and we could half this by not repeating the work we do. Sometimes feels like the company is trying to reinvent itself every 6 months.
Only the brightest and best in DB. Brilliant people, lovely offices, great working atmosphere. Opportunities to grow your career with a market leader in asset and wealth management. Highly competitive salary and all kinds of other benefits, strong graduate training programme and a chance to work abroad.
Very bureaucratic company culture. Internal systems are sometimes frustratingly slow and senior managers seem highly risk averse. Difficult for employees to swap to a new team once you've made your mark and this can hold you back. There's definitely a silo mentality.
Employee pricing scheme: uses DB's leveraging power to get you brilliant deals on almost everything from mobile phones to minibreaks.
Deutsche Bank has a truly global reach. For the second time in three years, we have been named Best Global Investment Bank by Euromoney magazine at its annual Awards for Excellence 2012. We compete to be the leading global provider of financial solutions, creating lasting value for our clients, shareholders, people and the communities in which we operate. Against a backdrop of increasing globalization in the world economy, Deutsche Bank is well positioned with a presence in over 70 countries and substantial revenue streams from all the major regions of the world.


A list of great online free online science reference resources, homework help and videos.
This website offers one interesting and entertaining Youtube video for each element in the periodic table of elements.
On the website howstuffworks.com, you will learn how computers, cars and cell phones actually work. Or learn something new about the human body, such as why you have two lungs but only one heart.


text:
Author: Jeff Mao
Is Your District Future Ready?
This article originally appeared in THE Journal. Republished with permission.
By Jeff Mao
In November of 2014, President Obama challenged district superintendents to sign the Future Ready Pledge. By signing it, they committed to working with teachers, families and community members to transition their districts to "personalized, digital learning."
Since then, over 2,000 superintendents representing roughly three out of 10 students in America have signed. A coalition led by the Alliance for Excellent Education, the U.S. Department of Education and the LEAD Commission held 13 Future Ready regional summits across the nation to provide support for those districts and build a network of leaders.
This led to the release of the newest National Education Technology Plan: Future Ready Learning: Reimagining the Role of Technology in Education.The NETP outlines a path for all those involved in American education to "ensure equity of access to transformational learning experiences enabled by technology."
Both the Future Ready Schools summits and the NETP offer rich guidance for districts actualizing or revisioning technology integration plans. The summits and the NETP also encourage school leaders to think deeply about the meaning of equity, the importance of agency in learning and their own leadership structures.
The NETP no longer presents technology as simply a tool to enhance learning. Instead, it positions it as an equity solution. More importantly, digital equity isn't defined as every student having access to technology but rather technology providing a multitude of means to both represent and express information.
We know not all students benefit in the same way from any single representation of information. Students can also benefit when they're empowered to express what they've learned in a medium that leverages their strengths. Rather than using a single representation style, learners can express themselves through a multitude of creative tools.
The NETP clearly takes a stand on bring your own device (BYOD) when that is the primary strategy for creating equity of access. It points out three important considerations:
Economic disparity: The plan warns schools that BYOD technology "is distributed disproportionately to students whose families can afford the devices" and that it "can widen the very gaps that technology is capable of closing."
Instructional burden: Challenges related to ease of use and compatibility may push "teachers to activities of the lowest common denominator that work on older and less robust devices at the expense of a more effective learning experience."
Privacy and security: Are appropriate safeguards in place to protect personal data, and will the devices have the necessary security for use on valid digital assessments?
The NETP also recognizes that high-quality educational opportunity relies on high-quality digital learning materials. One suggestion is for schools to take a look at openly licensed educational resources, also known as open educational resources (OER).
Agency in Learning
Woven throughout the NETP is the notion of agency that "enables people to play a part in their self-development, adaptation, and self-renewal with changing times … [L]earners should have the opportunity to make meaningful choices about their learning, and they need practice at doing so effectively."
Giving learners (including teachers) more opportunities to demonstrate agency in learning also means providing them with the tools and support to do so safely and effectively. The NETP anticipates this by pointing out, "We need to guide the development of competencies to use technology in ways that are meaningful, productive, respectful, and safe," and it recommends that schools aid learners in the development of digital citizenship. The NETP offers a range of valuable recommendations for digital citizenship resources, including Common Sense Education's excellent Digital Citizenship Curriculum.
The NETP also highlights "the importance of preparing teachers to teach effectively with technology and to select engaging and relevant digital learning content." Teachers must also have opportunities to make choices and must be supported in making those choices.
The inclusion of leadership is something new when comparing this latest version of the NETP to its predecessor. The entire third section, "Creating a Culture and Conditions for Innovation and Change," focuses on the many underlying structures necessary to support effective uses of technology in schools, including infrastructure, personalized professional learning, implementation, and budgeting. All these and more are the outcomes of solid collaborative leadership that will lead to long-term sustainability.
The NETP challenges school leaders to consider how we acquire and use our resources. Partnerships with local businesses, organizations, or local and county governments can lead to sharing costly infrastructure or expertise, as can leveraging the expertise of staff in different ways. For example, as the plan points out, "[S]ome [schools] are expanding the role of librarians to become evaluators and curators of learning technology resources."
Lessons Learned: Future Ready Schools Summits
Leadership was the cornerstone of the Future Ready Schools summits held last year. From the more than 450 district leadership teams who participated, we learned that your school's culture is the result of your school's leadership. And without a positive, supportive culture, change and progress can be hard to find.
Teachers are often challenged to try new things and change how they teach, and yet the culture around them disincentivizes and even discourages risk-taking and innovation. That does not support change and growth. Leadership must give permission to fail. It may sound counterintuitive, but without this permission, the chance of failure and its aftermath overshadow the potential for success. Future Ready leadership creates a culture of change and improvement.
With a tight or diminishing budget, a Future Ready School leader doesn't ask, "What should we cut first?" but instead "Where can we find the resources we need?" There are certainly many uncontrollable factors that contribute to culture, but at least you can control your leadership strategy. And never forget the adage, "Culture eats strategy for lunch."
A Future Ready School implements good bureaucracy, which has processes, checks and balances, and procedures that don't unnecessarily impede outcomes. Also, the accountability it provides is both universally understood and produces data used for improvement.
An examination of your procedures and processes can streamline a teacher's work and may reveal unintended perceptions of trust and professionalism among staff. If teachers are asked their opinions on school procedures and processes, are they open and honest when responding? If not, that speaks volumes.
As you examine your bureaucracy, ask yourself, "Is this process Future Ready?" You can answer yes if you believe the process won't require substantive alteration to be useful as new technologies and trends enter the work space. Time is a commodity for any organization, and losing it to unnecessary processes can be detrimental to your core mission. By establishing a Future Ready process, you not only help establish a culture that can change with the times, but you save yourself time later since you won't have to rewrite the policy.
Leadership and how it manifests in your district and school policies are only the tip of the iceberg. What can you do to initiate these changes? First, read the National Education Technology Plan. Then, explore the Future Ready Schools website for resources from the Future Ready Coalition, including the new 5 Step Planning Process and the Hub, a place to find resources to support your school's growth and progress. Encourage your superintendent to sign the Future Ready School Pledge and attend one of these summits with a team. Five additional Future Ready Schools summits were recently announced:
Austin, TX: July 18–19, 2016
Seattle, WA: TBD
Orlando, FL: June 2–3, 2016
Madison, WI: June 14–15, 2016
Boston, MA: November 14–15, 2016
Go to Future Ready Schools for more details.
Posted on April 19, 2016 June 13, 2019 Categories ArticlesTags Future Ready, Future Ready Schools, Leadership


text:
The Advent Of Netwar
This report examines how netwar, due to the evolution of societies according to a framework presented by the authors, may be the dominant mode of societal conflict in the 21st century.
Security in Cyberspace: Challenges for Society: Proceedings of an International Conference
Topics covered include the magnitude of the cyberspace security threat and the threat's consequences; impediments to improved security in cyberspace and what must be done to remove them; ...
Security in Cyberspace: An Emerging Challenge for Society
This paper attempts to structure the discussion the potential threats from bad actors in cyberspace.
Education B.S. in political science, United States Naval Academy
Sina Beaghley
Associate Director, Cyber and Intelligence Policy Center; National Security Research Division; Senior International/Defense Researcher
Education M.A. in international affairs/international security, George Washington University; B.A. in political science/media communications, University of San Diego
Senior Information Scientist; Associate Director, Force Modernization and Employment Program, Project Air Force
Education Ph.D., M.S. in electrical engineering, California Institute of Technology; B.S. in electrical engineering, University of Texas at Austin; B.A. in liberal arts, University of Texas at Austin
Benjamin Boudreaux
Policy Researcher; Professor, Pardee RAND Graduate School
Education Ph.D. in philosophy, University of California at Berkeley; M.S. in foreign service, Georgetown University; B.A. in economics and philosophy, New York University
Hannah Jane Byrne
Defense Analyst
Education M.A. in security studies, Georgetown University; B.A. in political science, Johns Hopkins University
Lillian Ablon
Adjunct Information Scientist
Education M.S. in mathematics, Johns Hopkins University; B.A. in mathematics, University of California, Berkeley
Brien Alkire
Senior Researcher; Professor, Pardee RAND Graduate School
Education Ph.D. in electrical engineering, University of California, Los Angeles
Henry Hargrove
Education Bachelor of Science in applied physics, Carnegie Mellon University; Master of Engineering Management in statistical process control, Old Dominion University
Scott W. Harold
Senior Political Scientist; Affiliate Faculty, Pardee RAND Graduate School
Education Ph.D., M.A. in political science, Columbia University; B.A. in international relations, Michigan State University
Omair Khan
Education M.P.P., University of Michigan; B.S. in economics, Georgia State University
David R. Frelinger
Senior Policy Researcher
Education M.A. in political science, University of California, Los Angeles; B.A. in political science, University of California, San Diego
Jon Fujiwara
Technical Analyst, IV
Education B.S. in chemistry, US Naval Academy
Education Ph.D. in mathematics, University of California, Irvine
Andrew J. Lohn
Information Scientist; Professor, Pardee RAND Graduate School
Education Ph.D. in electrical engineering, University of California Santa Cruz; B.Eng. in engineering physics, McMaster University
Bruce McClintock
Lead, Space Enterprise Initiative; Policy Analyst
Education M.S. in aeronautical engineering, University of Florida; M.S. in airpower art and science, School of Advanced Airpower Studies; B.S. in astronautical engineering, United States Air Force Academy
Senior Engineer; Professor, Pardee RAND Graduate School
Education Ph.D. in mechanical engineering, Purdue University; B.S. in mechanical engineering, Arizona State University
Hilary Reininger
Education M.S. in conflict analysis and resolution, George Mason University; B.A. in Middle East studies and Arabic, Brigham Young University


text:
Q: What data type needed to receive value from this function? I need help figuring out the correct data type for an assignment from a function call please.
I'm trying to get at the data in the content field of N_Vector u. Here's what the documentation says about N_Vector:

The type N_Vector is defined as
N_Vector u;
tpedef struct _generic_N_Vector *N_Vector;
struct _generic_N_Vector {
  void *content;
  struct _generic_N_Vector_Ops *ops;
};

...
[The parallel NVECTOR module] defines the content field of N_Vector
  to be a structure containing global and local lengths, a pointer to the
  beginning of contiguous local data array, MPI communicator and flag.
struct _N_VectorContent_Parallel {
  long int local_length;
  long int global_length;
  booleantype own_data;
  realtype *data;
  MPI_Comm comm;
}

So I guess that means that content in _generic_N_Vector "points to" a structure of type _N_VectorContent_Parallel (right?).
Then I try to use a macro for accessing content. Here's the documentation for NV_CONTENT_P.

v_cont=NV_CONTENT_P(v) sets v_cont to be a pointer to the N_Vector content
  structure of type struct _N_VectorParallelContent.

Notice the different name of the struct!
What does that mean? What type do I declare v_cont to be?
I tried
N_Vector u;
...
_N_VectorParallelContent *v_cont1;
_N_VectorContent_Parallel *v_cont2;
v_cont1 = NV_CONTENT_P(u);
v_cont2 = NV_CONTENT_P(u);

but these declarations got the error "'_N_VectorContent_Parallel' undeclared..." or "'_N_VectorParallelContent' undeclared...".
But it seems that these structures must be delcared already. I successfully declared (and used) u, of type N_Vector. And the docs seem to say that N_Vector contains one of those two structures (or maybe both).
So why the error message? What is the correct data type to declare for v_cont to receive data from NV_CONTENT_P?
I know this is a long, detailed question, but I don't understand enough to whittle it down any more.
Thanks for your help.

A: I'm not familiar with this particular library, but it looks to me like the documentation is a little inconsistent.
Right after the blurb about NV_CONTENT_P(v), it says NV_CONTENT_P(v) is defined as:
#define NV_CONTENT_P(v) ( (N_VectorContent_Parallel)(v->content) )

So that version of the name is probably correct. I can't see a definition for N_VectorContent_Parallel on that page, but it's probably defined somewhere as something like struct _N_VectorContent_Parallel*. So, you can probably do:
N_VectorContent_Parallel v_cont1 = NV_CONTENT_P(u);

Remember that for structs, struct is part of the type name. This means that you're getting errors in your example because you haven't included struct:
// this is an unknown type
_N_VectorParallelContent *v_cont1;

// this is a "struct _N_VectorParallelContent"
struct _N_VectorParallelContent *v_cont1;

// But use this one, as it follows the macro
N_VectorContent_Parallel v_cont1;

If you want to see exactly what the preprocessor has done to your code, you can use gcc's -E flag.

-E    Stop after the preprocessing stage; do not run the compiler proper.
   The output is in  the form of preprocessed source code, which is sent to
   the standard output.
   Input files which don't require preprocessing are ignored.

This is especially useful for seeing the results of macros and multiple complex header files.

Edit: From the source you've linked:
typedef struct _N_VectorContent_Parallel *N_VectorContent_Parallel;

This is a type definition that says that N_VectorContent_Parallel is the same as a struct _N_VectorContent_Parallel * (a pointer to a struct _N_VectorContent_Parallel), which means you can access v_cont1 using the -> syntax:
N_VectorContent_Parallel v_cont1;
printf("%d",v_cont1->local_length);

a->b is is shorthand for (*a).b - it's just a cleaner-looking way of writing the dereference needed to accessing a member of a struct through a pointer to that struct. If that seems confusing, see my answer to this question.
Personally, I don't like typedefs that hide pointers like this one, because it's hard to tell by looking at the code whether you need to use a.b or a->b.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


But this formidable foursome is a special grouping: behold four members of the 1937 varsity basketball team at the May School, 270 Beacon Street, Boston, Massachusetts (now the Brimmer and May School of Chestnut Hill).
Top two: Peggy Breed and Edith Fisher; bottom two: M. Harcourt and my mother, Martha Howell.
There were twenty-seven members of the Class of 1937; these four were the powerhouses of their basketball team, although the term "powerhouse" probably meant something entirely different back in those days—no powerhouses would wear collars like that!
...in the Class Vote (senior superlatives), she was chosen Most Animated, Funniest and Noisiest (none of which is news to me).
I'm surprised she's not grinning in this basketball photo; her senior picture, too, is an amazingly demure image of her, recognizing, I am sure, the seriousness of graduation back then.
Her major weakness, according to her classmates, was her terrible color combinations.
Again, no surprise there—she favored terrible color combinations well into her nineties!
I might have liked her back then; we might have been friends.


who did it is a design led consultancy, which specializes primarily in corporate relocation, residential refurbishment and re-organization projects. We take great pleasure to understand our client's requirements and to maximize the potential of the individual site. From this a solution is developed which answers the project brief. A balance of aesthetics and sound commercial logic is applied to every project to ensure an innovative yet practical balance to our work.
furniture selection and advice and auditing of existing facilities.
Today, we are going to explore a residential renovation and extension in Cape Town, by architects Who Did It?The designers needed to re-look at the space and use every inch more effectively.
South African homes are often as colourful as our national flag, and that means each room is probably just as sleek and stylish too. Kitchens are the hub of activity, great food, laughter and even entertainment.


text:
AROUND THE BLOCK | A New Chapter in Rugby League's Biggest Rivalry
Steve 'Blocker' Roach
Mon 28 May 2018, 12:30 PM
So here we are again.
Twelve rounds of the 2018 season done and dusted, and few people could disagree that we've seen the best of the best put their hands up for State of Origin selection.
It's all been boiling up to this point.
It has been since last November – from the moment when Brad Fittler was handed the NSW coach's clipboard.
It took next to no time for the State of Origin speculation to begin.
Who would 'Freddy' select? How would his team play? Why would 2018 be any different?
When handed the coach's job, Brad made one thing clear: No one was guaranteed a place in his side.
But nor should they have been. See, Brad's always done things his way.
I remember back to his NSW debut, it was Game Two of the 1990 State of Origin series.
Stepping out at Melbourne's Olympic Park that night as a fresh-faced kid from Penrith, he boasted raw talent and a bag full of tricks that you couldn't help but admire.
At just 18 years of age, and playing on the game's biggest stage, he wasn't intimidated in the slightest. He held his own under a mountain of pressure.
And while his face may now not be as fresh, Brad's still as quick between the ears as he was in Melbourne that night – and then some. Few know the game like Freddy.
I can't wait to see the NSW team run out on to the Melbourne Cricket Ground next Wednesday (6 June) night.
There's some exciting names amongst this lot that he's selected.
Players picked to score points.
Players who've done their all for their club, the same players now ready to do it for their state.
The first place to see the NSW team for Game One of the 2018 State of Origin series is right here, on NSWRL.com.au.
The countdown is on.
Eels 2021 Junior Rep teams show flare in trials
Battle for positions heats up among Roosters junior squads
Canterbury Cup
Antonelli Joins Rabbitohs as NSW Cup Coach


In Fallout 76, you will get most of your loot from scrapping the junk you find and crafting it into something useful. However, once you found out that you're low on caps, or want crafting recipes or rare weapons, then you will need to visit a vendor bot.
Vendors in Fallout 76 are divided into 7 different factions and all carry 200 Caps to purchase items from you. Remember, vendors in the same faction will share the same Caps pool which refreshes every 24 hours in real life. Means, you can potentially earn a maximum of 1400 caps every 24 hours from selling stuff to vendors (200 caps x 7 factions).
Vendor item list can be changed by swapping servers but their Cap pool will not change. This can be a great way to acquire some of the more rare items off a vendor.
You can see from the map below for the vendors' locations along with the color-coded for their respective factions.
As you might find some difficulties to search some of the vendors, so you should check out this guide below to locating them.
You will find a Stash Box to access your stash and a bot vendor behind the counter at all train stations, and there's usually a dispenser for ammo/medical supplies as well.
You can find the vendor inside the church occupied by the responders.
Grahm is a Super Mutant NPC that travels all over sell his goods, he shares his Caps pool with the Watoga Station vendor so there is no need to hunt him down if you just need to sell stuff to him. Plus, he has some interesting plans for sale from time to time.
Vendor Bot Wallace can be a bit hard to find but he will be in one of the buildings which mention trading post on the east side of Harpers Ferry near the crashed train.
You will find the responder bot inside the airport terminals on the west end.
This vendor is in the Watoga Shopping Plaza slightly east of Watoga inside the former Super Duper Mart.
You can find multiple vendors selling different kinds of stuff, so make sure to visit them all.
Well guys, hopefully this guide will help you to find vendors and get the amount of cash you need in the game. And you could also check out as well for the Enclave Faction Vendors which you can find in the Enclave faction series. Happy hunting!


text:
Q: Emit upstart events as regular user I want to create a situation where something unprivileged user does (via SSH) triggers an event that causes an upstart job do perform some action. The activities rely on filesystem changes, so I welcome alternative methods.
Basically I want to have something like:
description "Foo job"
exec foo
start on foo

and then have the user trigger the event like foo. When I say "user", I actually mean a git hook script that is run automatically when git pushes to a repository on the host via SSH.
I've tried simply running initctl emit foo, but that only works when I do so as root.
I also cannot use user jobs for this particular case, because I want the job in question to restart servers and create directory structures where user emitting the event has no access.
Any ideas on how I could accomplish this without giving user unnecessary privileges?
EDIT: Just to add a requirement I forgot to mention. This has to be scriptable, so entering passwords is not an option.

A: To answer my own question, sudoers file can be modified to allow users to run specific commands complete with arguments. So for the situation in question, something like this will do the job:
Cmnd_Alias EMIT_CMD = /sbin/initctl emit foo
user ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: EMIT_CMD

This can be placed either in /etc/sudoers, or in a file in /etc/sudoers.d if your opreating system is configured that way.
Once sudo is configured, the unprivileged user will be able to call initctl command without password, but only with the specified arguments, and any other set of arguments will fail since the user is (hopefully) not in the sudoers list in any other capacity.


text:
//                 Copyright 2016 Elian Kamal
//
//   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
//   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
//   You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
package io.github.chaoscat.combigraphz.core;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;

/**
 * The vertex class
 * Contains basic properties as well as constructors,
 * getters, and setters for the vertecies
 * implemented graphically by the Canvas class through
 * the Graph class
 *
 * @author Elian Kamal
 * @version 1.0
 */
public class Vertex {

    private String name;
    private Image image;
    private int xPos, yPos;

    /**
     * Vertex constructor, creates a new Vertex object in correspondence to
     * given name, x position and y position values
     *
     * @param name name of vertex
     * @param xPos x position of vertex
     * @param yPos y position of vertex
     */
    public Vertex(String name, int xPos, int yPos) {
        this.name = name;
        this.xPos = xPos;
        this.yPos = yPos;
        this.image = null;
        URL imageURL = getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("Vertex.png");
        try {
            this.image = ImageIO.read(imageURL);
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Default constructor, creates a new Vertex object with the following
     * NOTE: default value: Name = "NAME", X position = 0, Y position = 0
     */
    public Vertex() {
        this.name = "NAME";
        this.xPos = 0;
        this.yPos = 0;
        this.image = null;
        URL imageURL = getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("Vertex.png");
        try {
            this.image = ImageIO.read(imageURL);
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Return the vertex name
     *
     * @return name
     */
    public String getName() {
        return this.name;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the vertex name
     *
     * @param name the name to be set
     */
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the X position of the vertex
     *
     * @return xPos
     */
    public int getXPos() {
        return this.xPos;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the X position of the vertex
     *
     * @param xPos the X position to be set
     */
    public void setXPos(int xPos) {
        this.xPos = xPos;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the Y position of the vertex
     *
     * @return yPos the Y position to be set
     */
    public int getYPos() {
        return this.yPos;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the Y position of the vertex
     *
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    public void setYPos(int yPos) {
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    /**
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        return this.image;
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}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


For World Soil Day, here's a collection of Nature Ecology & Evolution articles that explore the biodiversity and ecological importance of soils.
Humankind depends on the sustainability of soils for its survival and well-being. Threatened by a rapidly changing world, our soils suffer from degradation and biodiversity loss, making it increasingly important to understand the role of soil biodiversity in soil aggregation—a key parameter for soil sustainability. Here, we provide evidence of the contribution of soil biota to soil aggregation on macro- and microaggregate scales, and evaluate how specific traits, soil biota groups and species interactions contribute to this. We conducted a global meta-analysis comprising 279 soil biota species. Our study shows a clear positive effect of soil biota on soil aggregation, with bacteria and fungi generally appearing to be more important for soil aggregation than soil animals. Bacteria contribute strongly to both macro- and microaggregates while fungi strongly affect macroaggregation. Motility, body size and population density were important traits modulating effect sizes. Investigating species interactions across major taxonomic groups revealed their beneficial impact on soil aggregation. At the broadest level, our results highlight the need to consider biodiversity as a causal factor in soil aggregation. This will require a shift from the current management and physicochemical perspective to an approach that fully embraces the significance of soil organisms, their diversity and interactions.
Soil biodiversity represents a major terrestrial biodiversity pool, supports key ecosystem services and is under pressure from human activities1. Yet soil biodiversity has been neglected from many global biodiversity assessments and policies. This omission is undoubtedly related to the paucity of comprehensive information on soil biodiversity, particularly on larger spatial scales. Information on belowground species distributions, population trends, endemism and threats to belowground diversity is important for conservation prioritization, but is practically non-existent. As a consequence, much of our understanding of global macroecological patterns in biodiversity, as well as mapping of global biodiversity hotspots, has been based on aboveground taxa (such as plants2) and has not considered the functionally vital, but less visible, biodiversity found in soil.
Soil respiration represents a major carbon flux between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere, and is expected to accelerate under climate warming. Despite its importance in climate change forecasts, however, our understanding of the effects of temperature on soil respiration (RS) is incomplete. Using a metabolic ecology approach we link soil biota metabolism, community composition and heterotrophic activity to predict RS rates across five biomes. We find that accounting for the ecological mechanisms underpinning decomposition processes predicts climatological RS variations observed in an independent dataset (n = 312). The importance of community composition is evident because without it RS is substantially underestimated. With increasing temperature, we predict a latitudinal increase in RS temperature sensitivity, with Q10 values ranging between 2.33 ± 0.01 in tropical forests to 2.72 ± 0.03 in tundra. This global trend has been widely observed, but has not previously been linked to soil communities.
Plant–soil feedbacks (PSF) are important interactions that may influence range dynamics in a changing world. What remains largely unknown is the generality of plant–soil biotic interactions across populations and the potential role of specific soil biota, both of which are key for understanding how PSF might change future communities and ecosystems. We combined landscape-level field observations and experimental soil treatments to test whether a dominant tree alters soil environments to impact its own performance and range shifts towards higher elevations. We show: (1) soil conditioning by trees varies with elevation, (2) soil biota relate to PSF, (3) under simulated conditions, biotic PSF constrain range shifts at lower elevations but allow for expansions at higher elevations, and (4) differences in soil conditioning predict feedback outcomes in specific range-shift scenarios. These results suggest that variable plant–soil biotic interactions may influence the migration and fragmentation of tree species, and that models incorporating soil parameters will more accurately predict future species distributions.
It has recently been announced that for the first time the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) Red List (a regional red list of threatened species in Germany) includes groups of soil invertebrates, namely earthworms, millipedes and centipedes. Although these taxa already appear in very small numbers on other regional red lists (http://www.nationalredlist.org/) and the global IUCN Red List (http://www.iucnredlist.org/), the taxonomic bias towards more charismatic species means that these understudied soil invertebrates are under-represented. However, more worrying is the lack of information regarding the threats faced by these species. Of the 47 earthworm species assessed for the BfN Red List based on occurrence data, the most common status was Least Concern (22; although 14 of the 47 earthworm species were assessed as Extremely Rare); however, there are virtually no data on long- or short-term population trends or risks faced. For example, very little is known about the effects of human impacts, such as land-use change and climate change, on below-ground communities, especially compared with above-ground organisms, highlighting the urgent need for more information.
Soil is the most biodiverse ecosystem on Earth but also the most unknown. More than any other ecosystem, soils have been impacted by humans, but consequences for soil biodiversity continue to be ignored. Microbial biofertilizers such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been applied to soil for decades, yet their ability to improve yields is mixed. Some growers view the use of biofertilizers as a viable alternative to fertilizers. However, unlike synthetic fertilizers that are increasingly subject to strict regulation, the impact of biofertilizers on biodiversity and ecosystem function has not been assessed and regulations are lacking.
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) between bacterial lineages is a fundamental evolutionary process that accelerates adaptation. Sequence analyses show that conjugative plasmids are principal agents of HGT in natural communities. However, we lack understanding of how the ecology of bacterial communities and their environments affect the dynamics of plasmid-mediated gene mobilization and transfer. Here we show, in simple experimental soil bacterial communities containing a conjugative mercury resistance plasmid, the repeated, independent mobilization of transposon-borne genes from chromosome to plasmid, plasmid to chromosome and, in the absence of mercury selection, interspecific gene transfers from the chromosome of one species to the other via the plasmid. By reducing conjugation, positive selection for plasmid-encoded traits, like mercury resistance, can consequently inhibit HGT. Our results suggest that interspecific plasmid-mediated gene mobilization is most likely to occur in environments where plasmids are infectious, parasitic elements rather than those where plasmids are positively selected, beneficial elements.
The legacy impacts of past climates on the current distribution of soil microbial communities are largely unknown. Here, we use data from more than 1,000 sites from five separate global and regional datasets to identify the importance of palaeoclimatic conditions (Last Glacial Maximum and mid-Holocene) in shaping the current structure of soil bacterial communities in natural and agricultural soils. We show that palaeoclimate explains more of the variation in the richness and composition of bacterial communities than current climate. Moreover, palaeoclimate accounts for a unique fraction of this variation that cannot be predicted from geographical location, current climate, soil properties or plant diversity. Climatic legacies (temperature and precipitation anomalies from the present to ~20 kyr ago) probably shape soil bacterial communities both directly and indirectly through shifts in soil properties and plant communities. The ability to predict the distribution of soil bacteria from either palaeoclimate or current climate declines greatly in agricultural soils, highlighting the fact that anthropogenic activities have a strong influence on soil bacterial diversity. We illustrate how climatic legacies can help to explain the current distribution of soil bacteria in natural ecosystems and advocate that climatic legacies should be considered when predicting microbial responses to climate change.


As well as the detention centres in Nauru and Papua New Guinea (PNG), Australia also funds detention centres in Indonesia. It funded the Nauruan and PNG Government's defence in cases challenging the constitutionality of the detention centres. It also funds international agencies to process and oversee irregular migrants and refugees living in the community in Indonesia, Nauru, PNG, and until recently, Cambodia. Frequently, aid funding is linked to agreements to enhance border controls, repatriate nationals who have fled the country, or establish detention centres or refugee resettlement programs.
Emma Larking is a visiting fellow at the School of Regulation and Global Governance (RegNet), ANU.
This post is republished with permission from Policy Forum, Asia and the Pacific's platform for public policy analysis, debate and discussion. It is based on the author's article for Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies, 'Controlling irregular migration in the Asia-Pacific: is Australia acting against its own interests?' Read and download the full article for free here.
Emma Larking is a visiting fellow at the School of Regulation and Global Governance (RegNet), ANU. She has worked at RegNet as a research fellow, and an ARC Laureate postdoctoral fellow on Professor Hilary Charlesworth's project, 'Strengthening the international human rights system: rights, regulation and ritualism'. She has also worked as a lecturer in the University of Melbourne's Schools of Historical and Philosophical Studies, and of Social and Political Sciences. Her disciplinary backgrounds are in law and political and applied philosophy. She has a PhD in applied philosophy from the University of Melbourne. Emma is author of Refugees and the Myth of Human Rights: Life Outside the Pale of the Law (Ashgate, 2014), and editor with Hilary Charlesworth of Human Rights and the Universal Periodic Review: Rituals and Ritualism (Cambridge University Press, 2014).
Readers might be interested in this handy compilation of information on offshore processing from 2012 to the end of 2016, prepared by Australia's Parliamentary Library and drawn mainly from Department of Immigration and Border Protection monthly statistical reports. It supports the suggestion above with respect to annual costs, among other things.
One point that I would highlight is that of the 2017 people who have now received status determinations from the PNG and Nauru governments, 80% were found to be refugees. The proportion might well have been higher, at least after appeals, if they had been processed within Australia.
A thoughtful and insightful article Emma which exposes how reckless and damaging the decisions on immigration and refugees, of successive governments involving both major parties, have been to our (Australia's) reputation, our own record on the rule of law and probity, and our relationships with our closest neighbour PNG. It is hard to overstate the long term consequences to the relationships and to the way in which we are seen now by the people of PNG. In the same process we have probably done untold damage to PNG's image thus potentially further damaging it economically.


text:
Celebrating Queen Elizabeth II Coin & Currency Collection
1QU4
On September 8, 2022, Queen Elizabeth II died at the age of 96. She was the longest reigning monarch in British history and the world's oldest head of state.
In 1952, at the age of 26, Elizabeth became queen upon the unexpected death of her father George VI. For 70 years, she was a link to the almost-vanished generation that fought World War II, and she was the only monarch most Britons have ever known.
Immediately upon her death, her 73-year-old son Prince Charles became king and will be known as King Charles III.
A genuine $JFK Half Dollar and a genuine $2 Federal Reserve Note that is selectively colorized to commemorate the passing of the Queen.
The colorization is precision-printed using a revolutionary new technique; it the highest quality in the world.
Each colorized coin and $2 bill is a true piece of history that will serve as a reminder of this historic election for generations to come. Like all such items from past elections, of course, they will not be around for long and will surely become even more prized in future years.
The $2 bill is a genuine legal tender U.S. bank note. The bill is in Crisp Uncirculated condition and remains U.S. legal tender.
The colorization is privately applied, since the U.S. government does not have the capacity to create enhanced coins and notes. It is not available from the U.S. Treasury or U.S. Mint but ONLY through special offers like this.
$2 bills are printed in very limited quantities and are rarely seen in circulation. Most are acquired by collectors, but just a tiny fraction of all $2 bills have been set aside for this special colorized edition. This is a limited edition that is available for just a short time.
The coin and bill are displayed in a custom holder that preserves its condition and allows it to be safely shown to family and friends. Also included is a Certificate of Authenticity
Celebrating the Jubilees of Queen Elizabeth II - 6 Coin Set
Queen Elizabeth II Colorized Silver Eagle
Click the button below to add the Celebrating Queen Elizabeth II Coin & Currency Collection to your wish list.


Travel is included for Newcastle, Lake Macquarie, Lower Hunter Valley.
We do require a three person minimum and a $100 non-refundable deposit to book your date. The remainder is to be paid on your wedding day. No advance payments.
Public Holiday and starts before 7am may incur additional costs per artist.


SIRCle, designed to create an innovative, open source curriculum for active citizenship and social and holistic entrepreneurship, was born out of strong, long-term relationships between the 8 European partners. These partners bring a wide range of nationally and internationally well-established networks, and are active in diverse sectors such as Education, Art, Science, Economics and Entrepreneurship, Ecology and Technology, Social Work and Wellbeing. They focus on social innovation, sustainable living, resilient community building, individual empowerment, holistic business and right livelihood. SIRCle sees itself as a node within a very large and pulsating web of connections, fostering and co-shaping solutions to enable us to live and work within healthy and balanced eco-systems. SIRCle aims to play an active role in the existing landscape of social change makers and looks forward to collaborating with other projects, partners, networks and active citizens across geographical, cultural and language boundaries.


text:
Zarco salvages eighth place in Qatar
Ajo Motorsport rider suffers mechanical problem three laps from the finish, denying him his first Moto2 race win as he eventually places eighth.
The first Grand Prix of the year in Qatar had a sad end for Johann Zarco. The Ajo Motorsport rider looked to be on course for a strong finish at Losail, but a shifter problem with his Kalex three laps from the end saw him miss out on the chance to claim a win or a podium. The Frenchman was leading the race with an advantage of over 4 seconds when the mechanical issue occured, and he was only able to improvise a makeshift solution to take him to the chequered flag in a creditable eighth place.
Zarco maintained his second place on the grid after the red lights went out, and at the end of the first lap he was able to overtake race leader Sam Lowes. Pushing hard from the start, the Frenchman established a gap as his two main rivals throughout the weekend -Sam Lowes and Tito Rabat- crashed out on the third lap. Zarco continued his escape at a furious pace, pulling away to more than 4 seconds ahead of the rider in second place. Seemingly en route to his first Moto2 win, the Ajo Motorsport rider suffered the cruel misfortune of a shifter problem with 3 laps to go, forcing him to slow down and drop to eighth place at the end of the 20-lap contest.
After a bittersweet weekend, Johann Zarco and Ajo Motorsport will now set their sights on the next Grand Prix, which takes place on April 12th at the Circuit of the Americas in Austin.
Results – Race
1. Jonas Folger (Kalex) 40:18.532
2. Xavier Simeon (Kalex) +5.051
3. Thomas Luthi (Kalex) +12.123
4. Alex Rins (Kalex) +14.202
5. Franco Morbidelli (Kalex) +14.385
8. Johann Zarco (Kalex) +18.541
Moto2 World Championship Standing 2015
1. Jonas Folger (Kalex) 25 points
2. Xavier Simeon (Kalex) 20 points
3. Thomas Luthi (Kalex) 16 points
4. Alex Rins (Kalex) 13 points
5. Franco Morbidelli (Kalex) 11 points
8. Johann Zarco (Kalex) 8 points
Aki Ajo – Team Manager,
"The end of the Moto2 race was very disappointing, because everything was going very well until 3 laps to go. It's sad that we were not able to finish well in the race due to a mechanical issue. But that's racing and these things can happen. On the other hand, we are happy because the team are working well -even though it is only the first race of our debut in the class. We have a great team and Johann [Zarco] has a great pace. Despite what happened today, he is highly motivated and eager to get to Austin."
Johann Zarco,
"Overall I am happy, because I was very strong all the time today. In the race, after a good start I took control after overtaking Sam [Lowes]. The feeling with the bike was very good and I appreciate the work that the team have done, because it has allowed me to be quick and consistent in the race. I had a good advantage over the second-placed rider and was enjoying the race, focusing on getting to the line and winning, but a few laps from the end I had problems with my gear shifter and I had to make do with only using third gear. From that moment on, the goal was just to finish the race. Because we had such a good lead I was able to finish eighth, which in the end is a good result. Now we have to prepare well ahead of Texas, because I think we can also do very well there."
Merci Johann
Zarco to sign off in Moto2 class from seventh pole position of the season
A lap of Valencia with the two-time Moto2 World Champion
Zarco begins Valencia GP with sixth place in practice
End of an era for Johann Zarco in Valencia


The new @davekeuning record is just awesome. I can't turn it off. So cool to hear these songs and then go listen to The Killers and be able to hear his influences more specifically.
Reno - I'm sorry to announce that due to inclement weather, I must cancel my show tonight at The Saint. Refunds will be available at point of purchase.


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text:
Fettmilch Rising
Archivist traces manuscript waste in a set of volumes back to a dark origin in Frankfurt
July 3, 2013 By Micah Erwin
These four volumes of German poetry are wrapped in manuscript waste materials written in Hebrew. Photo By Alicia Dietrich.
It was a bitterly cold day in Frankfurt when my wife and I stepped off the plane. Being from Texas, we quickly found that our bodies were not acclimated to the bitter winter winds of Europe. Our cab dropped us off near the central square of the city so we could get some hot spiced wine at the market. On our way back to our apartment, we spotted a public building across the street, the Museum Judengasse, and decided to take a tour and thaw out before braving the rest of the journey. The museum contained the archeological remains of the Frankfurter Judengasse—the Jewish Ghetto of Frankfurt—one of the earliest ghettos in Germany.
About two years later, I encountered something in the stacks of the Harry Ransom Center that brought me back to that cold day. While conducting a search for medieval manuscript fragments used in bindings of early printed books, I came upon a set of four small volumes of German poetry printed in Frankfurt in 1612 and bound in parchment. The parchment contained medieval Hebrew script. I had not yet encountered this phenomenon (I was used to finding texts in Latin), and, although I posted images of the volumes on Flickr, I received no immediate comments. Several months went by and I had almost forgotten about them when one day I happened to mention the fragments to a colleague who suggested that I contact a Hebrew specialist cataloger. I was then put in touch with the proper authorities and within a few days the fragments had been identified. Included are a fragment from a series of commentaries on late antique Hebrew liturgical poetry (dating anywhere from the twelfth to fifteenth century), a page from the table of contents from a circa fifteenth-century copy of a work by Isaac ben Joseph of Corbeil, and fragment from a twelfth–to-fourteenth-century commentary on the Talmud. Having them identified was an exciting example of international collaboration between scholars, but it is the historical context of the fragments that brings this story full circle.
In the sixteenth century, the Jewish community of Frankfurt was one of the most important centers for Rabbinic teaching and spiritual thought. It was also one of the largest Jewish communities in early modern Europe. In 1612 tensions between the town guilds and the patrician class over urban and fiscal policies led to a riot known as the Fettmilch Rising. During the course of the riot the Judengasse, or Jewish Ghetto, was attacked and looted and the Jewish inhabitants were expelled from the city. The volumes at the Ransom Center were printed in the same year as the Fettmilch Rising (1612). Given the looting that took place it is highly probable that the fragments used to cover the printed volumes were sourced from Hebrew manuscripts that had been taken during the riot and then cut up and sold for a variety of purposes—including bookbinding. And so here the volumes now sit, deep in the heart of Texas, a tragic reminder of early modern anti-Semitism in Germany. As an American, it's often difficult to place these priceless objects in context, and when one does, it tends to have a dramatic effect on the psyche.
Our set happens to be missing two volumes. One can only hope that the other two volumes are still out there intact. This situation underscores why it is important to avoid removing medieval fragments from their bindings. When we do so, the historical context of their use as binder's waste may be lost. With the power of crowdsourcing and online collaboration, all of the fragments from the original manuscript may someday be reunited in a virtual environment—a happy conclusion to the tragic circumstances of its dispersal many centuries ago.
The post author would like to thank Kevin Auer, Uri Kolodney, Elizabeth Hollender, Ezra Chwat, and Pinchas Roth for their assistance in identifying the Hebrew fragments.
Filed Under: Books + Manuscripts, Research + Teaching Tagged With: bookbinding, Books, Fettmilch Rising, Frankfurt, Frankfurter Judengasse, Judengasse, manuscript waste, Manuscripts, medieval manuscripts, Museum Judengasse Categories: Manuscripts, rare books, Research