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If you want more information on the terms and conditions applicable to your trip, we invite you to read our general conditions. To expand or close the information you must click on each title.
General Rules Of Air Transport
LC BUSRE S.A.C. with Taxpayer Registration No. 20131300353 and Commercial Reason "LC PERU " presents its terms and General Conditions of Contract.
ARTICLE 1. THE CONTRACT AND PARTS
Air Ticket issuing attests to the celebration and acceptance of the conditions of air transport and transport contract signed between the passenger and LC Peru, whose names appear on the Ticket. Air Ticket loss does not deny the existence of the contract, which may be furnished by any other form of evidence.
ARTICLE 2. RATES
The rates to be taken into consideration are those that are done on the date the Air Ticket was issued. If the passenger decides to change the itinerary, the rate and conditions may vary.
The fees will be paid in dollars and, alternatively, may also be in soles, according to the exchange rate of the day.
ARTICLE 3. AIRPORT TAXES
All flights will include Airport Tax ("TUUA") within the Air Ticket, except for flights to the cities of Jauja, Andahuaylas, Huanuco and Tingo Maria, which will have to be paid by each passenger in such airports.
ARTICLE 4. SCHEDULE OF PRESENTATION OF PASSENGERS IN COUNTER AND BOARDING ROOM
All passengers must appear at the LC Counter PERU, at the latest two (02) hours prior to flight departure time.
Failure to comply this provision will result in the cancellation of your reservation and it may be used by another passenger, without any liability or obligation of LC PERU. In any case that the passenger misses the flight for this reason, there will be no option of a refund.
The passenger should be at the gate when the boarding beings, as indicated in the air ticket. If the passenger does not arrive in time, LC Peru will cancel the reservation.
Passengers may directly access to the controls and subsequently be assigned to the boarding area, if accomplish the following steps:
Have made the corresponding Web Check-In.
Ports only hand luggage.
Counts with a valid ID (See Definitions section of the Contract) and Boarding Pass.
Arrives at least fifty (50) minutes prior to the scheduled departure of the flight programed.
LC Peru assumes no responsibility regarding to damages or expenses incurred by the passenger due to the breach of the provisions set out in the preceding paragraphs.
debido al incumplimiento de las disposiciones expuestas en los párrafos precedentes.
ARTICLE 5. IN ONLINE CHECK IN
LC PERU offers all its passengers the web check- in service only on the following routes: Lima, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Arequipa, Cusco, Chiclayo, Huanuco, Huaraz and Jauja.
The web check-in is not allowed for flights to / from the city of Andahuaylas (Flight No. 1351 and No. 1352) and Jauja (Flight No. 1373 and 1374). Passengers can use it within forty-eight (48) hours and up to two (2) hours before the scheduled departure. (To check more information about the web check-in here).
ARTICLE 6. FLIGHT SCHEDULES, CANCELLATIONS AND DELAYS
6.1 Flights Schedule
At the time of booking and prior to ticketing way, the passenger will be informed of the scheduled time of departure and arrival of the flight, which will be seen in the Air Ticket.
6.2 Cancellation, rebooking and Lags
It is possible that LC PERU is obliged to change its schedule after the issuance of the Air Ticket. Therefore, it is mandatory that the passenger indicates a contact address, since LC PERU best efforts to inform you of such changes as early as possible.
To any change in the flight, itinerary and, in general, any act affecting the agreed reservation prior to the service way, LC Peru should report such alteration to its passengers at least four (04) hours before the scheduled flight time, according to the relevant regulations (Literal g of Article 4 of the Decision No. 619, issued by the Andean Community).
In cases where changes in the flight schedule occur and, in general, any act affecting the agreed reservation, during the first phase of the service (Presentation of passengers in the Counter and / or lounge for boarding), LC Peru shall provide such information to passengers in the Counter or, failing that, in the departure lounge (as applicable). This according to the provisions of the relevant legislation (Literal I of Article 4 of the Decision No. 619, issued by the Andean Community).
To avoid delays and cancellations of the flights, LC Peru has the authority, but not the obligation, to transport passengers to any of its routes with other aircraft or airline.
When the flight cancellation is attributable to LC Peru and it informs the user with a minimum of fifteen (15) days in advance of the date and time of scheduled departure; or been informed of the cancellation or rerouting fewer days; also been offered another substitute flight, LC Peru shall be released from all responsibility. (Article 7 of Decision No. 619).
LC Peru will not be responsible for delays and / or cancellations on departure or arrival of their flights as a result of unforeseen circumstances and events of force majeure and / or fortuitous events (Examples: technical failures not related to scheduled maintenance aircraft; bad weather conditions; saturation program at the airport, airport incidents caused by circumstances beyond the airline that alter normal arrival and departure of flights, attacks, threats that endanger the safety of flight risk, among others .). In these cases, LC Peru is relieved of all compensation and / or responsibility.
ARTICLE 7. CONNECTING FLIGHTS
LC PERU assumes responsibility for ensuring connections, recognizing the costs that they involve only in the following cases:
Flights with a stopover, both operated by LC Peru.
Flights with a stopover, one of them operated by another airline that has a shared code with LC Peru.
Therefore, it will apply always that it occurs as part of a continuous movement with a single ticket, without stop - stay (over 24 hours) in that point. As it is stipulated in Article 7 of Decision 619.
Cases that are not included in the explained previous paragraph, LC Peru will be limited only to compensatory measures for delay, interruption, deletion, among others; as described in the Article 8 of Decision No. 619 of the Andean Community.
ARTICLE 8. LIMITATION OR DENIAL OF TRANSPORTATION
LC Peru reserves the unrestricted right to refuse carriage in any of the sections of the itinerary reserved by the passenger in the following cases:
When their behavior can affect the safety or health of other passengers, or involves a significant hassle for them.
When they acquire the status of disruptive passengers, as long as they were previously notified of the condition. This because of the risk of repetition of behavior classified as inadequate or unacceptable on a previous occasion.
When their behavior, state or mental or physical condition, including the effects caused by alcohol or drugs, may cause a danger to the passenger himself or other occupants of the aircraft.
When he refuses to submit to a security check.
When the passenger has not in possession a valid travel document or refuses to submit the document to the crew.
When submitting an airline ticket purchased by illegal methods.
If it fails the smoking ban during boarding and on board our flights or use electronic equipment on board.
If it fails any law or regulation and not bear any request made by the relevant government authority.
These measures apply for security and public order in line with the relevant regulations. Thus, in case that you are denied of transportation by any of the reasons mentioned above, it is ruled out that there is not any possibility of claiming the cost of transportation or compensation.
The pilot, as permitted by national regulations and international conventions, may disembark any passenger in a particular place, before flying or having started it.
Similarly, in cases in which restrictions arise due to unseasonable temperature increase at the airport of the city of origin and / or destination, LC Peru may refuse boarding to a certain number of passengers, implying that this quota can not be transferred to another person.
To do this, the airline (to be governed by what it is stated in art. 6 of Decision 619) must first request that volunteers passengers are presented, which are willing to give to the rate in exchange for certain benefits (lodging, meals, internal mobility, transfer on the first flight with space available and / or return flight - to any of our destinations nationwide, free of charge) agreed.
In case the number of volunteer passengers are insufficient to carry the number of passengers remaining, LC Peru may deny boarding to other users, even against their will, in which cases they must be compensated (lodging expenses will be covered, food, internal mobility, transfer on the first flight with space available and / or a return flight - to any of our routes for free).
ARTICLE 9. PROHIBITION OF TRANSPORT
The following are excluded of the Air Transport contract:
Weapons, ammunition, explosive substances, flammable substances or any other object that could constitute some kind of danger to the security of passengers, cargo and flight safety.
Objects and / or animals that cause discomfort to other passengers or who, because of their size, weight or other characteristics, are not likely to be transported in the aircraft LC Peru.
Dangerous goods according to current regulations.
ARTICLE 10. RESERVATION CHANGES
If you need to cancel or change the air ticket purchased, you must contact our Points of Sale or our Call Center (51-1) 204 1313.
10.1 Cancellation Reservations
Requested by the agency or the person who originally made the reservation.
By decision of LC Peru, if checks duplicity in the reservation meaning more than one reservation for the same person in the same flight number and date.
By decision of LC Peru, if the time limit expires ticket purchase, if it has not been acquired or if the passenger does not meet the conditions of the fare.
By decision of LC Peru, if such cancellation is necessary to comply with a regulation or governmental request, or such action is necessary to adopt due to weather unforeseen circumstances or other conditions that are not under the control of the airline (including, but not limited to situations of force majeure as riots, strikes, acts of terrorism, war, etc.) that are occurring, that have been reported or that the threaten exists.
10.2 Changing Reservations
A reservation may be modified for the following reasons:
Requested by the agency or the person who originally made the reservation, rerouting or reason to add or delete information incompatible with the name of the person who made the trip.
By decision of LC Peru, in which case it shall inform the passenger of change.
ARTICLE 11. REFUNDS
If after the acquisition of the Air Ticket an important change occurs in the flight schedule and from the perspective of the passenger is unacceptable; plus it is also not possible to change the reservation to another flight that meets expectations, passengers have the right the ask for a refund of the Air Ticket.
Where appropriate refund of the air ticket, this can be done either on the full price paid or on a portion of that price, according to the charge conditions. Refunds may also apply wholly or in part with respect to the surcharges and taxes unused of the Air Ticket.
It should be noted that partial refunds will be made deducting the value of the sections/stoovers used.
11.1 Types of Refunds
Involuntary. Total or partial refund of the amount paid for the Air Ticket due to non-use of one or more sections for reasons attributable to the airline as: flight cancellation, a change of the itinerary routine, legal or security reasons, duplicate charges tickets or taxes, delays or charged greater value.
Illness or Death.- LC Peru may do a refund in certain cases of illness or death of the owner of Air Ticket, companion or family, including: parents (including adoptive parents), children (including adopted), siblings, grandparents, grandchildren and spouse or life partner of the traveler, provided you have the same itinerary of the person concerned. The passenger or his immediate family must make the request to LC PERU before the expiration date thereof, for which it must submit documentation attesting to the illness or death and the link with the passenger. The applicable amount will be refunded in the original form of payment.
Who should be reimbursed.
Refund shall be made as follows:
Legal persons: The owner of the Ticket. It is determined with the RUC of the company.
Individuals: Air Ticket The beneficiary, who is on the Ticket.
In the following situations it will be possible to change the recipient of the refund:
Death or illness of the intended recipient;
Minors, or;
Tickets purchased under corporate agreement or exchanges.
ARTICLE 12. LIABILITY FOR MATERIALS AND PHYSICAL DAMAGES
12.1 LC PERU is responsible for damages caused by death, injury or damage suffered by the passenger, as long as the incident occurs on board the aircraft and for reasons attributable to the company, within the limits of reparation established by current standards.
LC PERU will be dimmed or extinguished of no responsibility for damages caused by or contributed to cause it by the negligence, wrongful act or omission of the passenger.
In no event shall LC PERU be responsibility when damages have been caused by acts of God, force majeure or third decisive fact.
12.2 LC PERU is not responsible for causes, illnesses, previous or unrelated medical conditions regarding the health and fitness of passengers traveling on the aircraft, or by any disorder or accident that might occur in that state.
ARTICLE 13.-. SERVICE ON BOARD
The onboard service offered by LC Peru represents an added value for the benefit of its passengers, but it is not a duty for the airline. LC PERU may change at any time in flight conditions, service on board to lend.
ARTICLE 14. CONSENT STATEMENT OF MANAGEMENT OF PERSONAL DATA
The passenger must provide LC Peru truthful information about their personal data, so that LC PERU make the reservation for the passenger, and can supply the contracted service transportation.
LC PERU perform the treatment, including collection, storage, use, circulation, deletion, transmission and / or transfer of the data supplied by the passenger, for the proper implementation of activities, the same that are related to the transport service acquired (making the reservation, modifications, cancellations, rerouting, reimbursement, answering inquiries, complaints, claims, accounting records, purchase tickets or additional products, processes which may be involved third party suppliers, representatives or agents of LC PERU).
The information provided by the passenger remain stored up within ten (10) years from the date of delivery of the data, with the purpose that LC Peru is in the ability to comply with legal obligations to its charge, especially in accounting, tax and tax matters.
LC PERU guarantees the security and confidentiality of the data supplied by passengers as its Privacy Policy, the same that is available in www.lcperu.pe
ARTICLE 15. APPLICABLE LAW
The involved parts in this contract of carriage in everything related to the responsibilities of the conveyor and other matters relating to this contract are subject to the laws of Peru and, in particular Decision No. 619, issued by the Andean Community and as the Law of Civil Aviation of Peru (Law No. 27261) and its Regulations; in addition to expressly submit to the jurisdiction of the Peruvian Courts.
Definitions of air transport
Valid documents to travel: identity card, passport, Alien Registration Card, driver's license issued by the MTC of Peru and exceptionally, in case of not having any documents, for domestic flights the original certificate of registration issued by the RENIEC will be accepted. In case of children, if they do not have an identity card, LC Peru will accept records or birth certificates.
Authorized airline: is any other authorized airline by the carrier to use as a non-exclusive way the designation code of AV* or enter code to commercially identify its operation, with each airline operational control.
Authorized Agent: is the natural or legal person with whom the carrier has a business relationship for the sale and distribution of their services, and services of other airlines, when so authorized. The agent is an independent trader, who carries out activity through a company's own staff in charge on behalf of the carrier, according to the instructions given to it for that purpose CARRIER.
Weapons and other items or dangerous objects: any object that can be used to attack the physical integrity of people or to cause damage to airport facilities, aircraft or other property.
Authorities: members of the security forces, national police, military, security agents or representatives, immigration, customs or aeronautical or whoever turn in the relevant country and is empowered by law or competent bodies.
Passenger ticket Ticket or Ticket: is the registration of the contract, including electronic tickets for air transport provided by the carrier under certain terms and conditions, to transport the passenger whose name appears in the passage and in accordance with the rates and regulations that are applicable. An electronic ticket is registration ticket processing contract and maintained within the electronic reservation system CARRIER. Who buys a passage is supplied with a receipt containing the reference to locate the registration within registration systems CARRIER, and a summary of the information in the passage.
Operational changes: the involvement of a flight for reasons associated or related to the operation which may be internal or external type.
Medical certificate: document issued following a medical examination, which constitutes acceptable evidence of the psychophysical condition of the holder.
Unforeseen circumstances: They are causes beyond the normal development of transporter activity that does not allow the flight to departure or produces a delay such as weather factors, technical failures, not for the scheduled or routine maintenance of the aircraft, factors or circumstances relating to passengers or others, failure of ground support equipment, political, strikes, civil insurrection, war, siege, closure of the airport, among others.
Conditions of Transport Carriage: these are those contained in this document.
Security Check: it consists in procedures and measures to avoid entering airports, sterile areas and aircraft, people, weapons and items or dangerous objects, as are defined in this document, which can make or used to commit acts of unlawful interference or which by their nature are formed at risk for the safety of people and aircraft.
Special Drawing Right (SDR "Special Drawing Right" or SDR) is an international reserve asset created in 1969 by the International Monetary Fund to supplement the official reserves of member countries. Its value is based on a basket of four key international currencies. SDRs can be exchanged for freely usable currencies, according to the definition of the International Monetary Fund.
Days: days are full scheduled. For purposes of notification, the day on which the communication will not be counted is issued, and for purposes of determining the end of a period of validity, the day when the ticket was issued or the flight commenced shall not be counted.
Baggage: means the articles, effects and other personal belongings of the passengers, intended to be worn or used, necessary for their comfort and welfare during the journey. Unless otherwise specified, the term designates either passengers baggage registered and unregistered or hand luggage.
Hand luggage: refers to the one that the passengers retain in their custody, care, control and responsibility during the flight and stay within airports involved.
Lost Baggage: Checked baggage that is not located after twenty (15) days of searching, counted from the day the flight ends.
Free baggage permitted: the amount of luggage weight, parts and / or volume entitled to carry the passenger at no additional cost. The number of pieces, volume and weight shall be determined for each route and / or fee.
Unclaimed Baggage: refers to the baggage that arrives at an airport and no passenger claims, this baggage could get without label or notification.
Checked Baggage (and / or Invoiced): is the one who has been taken into custody CARRIER for transport and which has delivered a luggage tag passenger and also places in each piece received.
CARRIER: designs the carrier (air or ground) issuing the ticket and all running conveyors that transport the Passenger and / or Baggage.
Tag or Baggage: document issued by the carrier in order to identify checked baggage.
Excess Baggage: Any excess over the Luggage Free permitted by weight, volume or number of authorized parts, which will be charged in addition to the ticket, and may only be transported once determined by CARRIER.
Frequency: number of flights that take place on a given route.
Inspection: visual application of technical means, or otherwise to detect the presence or possession of weapons, explosives, dangerous or illegal materials or substances that may be used to commit acts of unlawful interference, or to detect people who might commit such acts. This can be done by the carrier, the airport operator or the appropriate authorities.
Itinerary: orderly flights CARRIER framed within a time schedule, or plural number of flights operated regularly by the CARRIER. You can include equipment, schedules, routes and frequencies.
Dangerous goods and / or prohibited: They are all those elements or classified as explosives, flammable gases, acids, corrosive, radioactive, biological material substances, and / or those decreed as such by the airline or by national laws or regulations or international.
Son materias u objetos que presentan riesgo para la salud, para la seguridad o que pueden producir daños en el medio ambiente, en las propiedades o a las personas.
No-Show: the passenger, that having a confirmed reservation for a particular flight is not presented to him at the time determined by the carrier, which generate cancellation or flights booked and can generate charges or penalties for the passenger.
Airport operator: natural or legal person authorized to administrate or operate an airport.
Stop Stay: deliberate interruption of a journey, requested by the passenger during the trip, previously agreed with the carrier and at an intermediate point between the place of origin and destination, more than twenty-four (24) hours (in local time).
Passenger or Traveler: is the person, except members of the crew, carried or to be carried in an aircraft under a contract of carriage. It is the other part of the contract of carriage.
Individual disability status: is the person who has or had a physical or mental impairment, whether permanent or temporary that substantially limits one or more major life activities. The following are considered vital activities: caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, understand and obey simple commands and work.
Refund: is the total or partial refund of the amount paid for unused service airline by voluntary or involuntary reasons that makes TRANSPORTER passenger, and may be subject to certain conditions for its implementation. Rates identified as non-refundable fee conditions previously accepted by the passenger will not be refunded and penalty rates identified refund will be refunded after deducting the corresponding penalty according to the fare rule.
Reservation confirmed: confirmed reservation means separation of one or more quotas to one or more persons in one or more flights on dates, rates and specific routes. The booking confirmation in internal records CARRIER appears in the reservation code (Passenger Name Record (PNR)) for each flight. Call your CARRIER under the Ticket to be issued, whether or not required advance booking confirmation.
Service on board: is that offered by the carrier during flight and varies depending on the type of aircraft, route, duration and flight characteristics. The service on board may include drinks, food and entertainment.
Fee: the price paid by the passenger for the shuttle and conditions of application thereof. Rates are subject to conditions of use that relate among others to validity periods in time, payment terms, use on certain flights, minimum or maximum stay in the destination, specific days of travel, penalties, rules baggage allowance and other applicable conditions.
Airport Tax: it is the value charged to the passenger for the use of airport facilities, and which may be collected by the carrier, either on the ticket or at each airport, and must be paid by the Passenger.
Transit: it is the permanence of passenger aircraft or ground between destination and destiny.
Path: section between two specific points. For commercial purposes refered to the air transport service being provided between one city and another.
Flight canceled: It refers to the schedule flight that will no be performed by internal or external causes to the Carrier Air.
Delayed flight: It is one flight whose departure time is greater when itinerary.
Flights in connection: Whoever comes a point for flight and leave on another flight as part of a continuous movement with a single ticket, without stop-over in that point.
Documents required for travel
All passengers are required to show valid identification (ID) for checking and boarding the flight.
For minors traveling with one or both parents must carry valid ID when boarding. In the case of minors traveling with an adult, they should wear a notarized permission from a parent. In the absence of parents, it must have a permission of the court.
For unaccompanied minors, bring valid ID or copy of birth certificate legalized, plus notarized permission from a parent. In addition, under 12 must pay service unaccompanied minor (UM). Between 12 and 15 years less one day, this service is optional.
For foreigners, both adults and children, they must bring their national identity, only for those countries that allow it, or passport.
This refers to those personal belongings brought into the airplane by the passenger, free of charge and considered under their custody and their responsibility. Each passenger may carry one piece of hand luggage, the conditions are the following:
Pieces allowed
Weight / Observation
1 piece of baggage
Dash 5 KG (11 pounds)
Boeing 5 KG (11 pounds)
1 personal item
Purse, laptop or diaper bag
Elements of value in checked baggage or hand luggage
LC Peru does not accept the transport of the following items as Checked Baggage (in hold) and should be included in Passenger hand luggage:
Jewels.
Personal documents, passports, identification or identification documents.
Metals or precious stones.
Artworks.
Checks or securities and other documents in place titles.
Cash.
Lenses.
Phones, Smartphones.
Medications.
Medical History.
Cameras.
Headphones or Music Players.
DVD's portable and handheld electronic games.
Digital Tablets.
Camcorders.
Notebook.
Calculators.
Car or house keys.
Work Samples (sellers).
Items similar to those listed above.
Cell charger.
Laptop, battery and/or Notebooks.
LCPeru does not assumes liability beyond the limits set by law regarding loss or damage to baggage. If you are transporting items of value in your flight, they must be declared at the time of check in at the airport counter.
Hold Baggage
It is the baggage that was checked at the airport and that is traveling in the aircraft hold. Information you should know about baggage dimensions are:
(Dash Q-200)
15 kg (33 pounds)
(Boeing)
If you exceed the weight limit, there will be additional charges (USD 2.50 + IGV per Kilo). Please consider that the maximum allowed weight is 20 kg(44 pounds); if the passenger exceeds it, the luggage will be considered as an additional piece.
Franchise for incapacitated passengers
In addition to the standard baggage allowance for the fare paid, passengers who depend on one of the following items may transport them free of charge:
Completely foldable wheelchair.
Pair of crutches or other orthopedic device.
Guide dog (with the corresponding certification).
Franchise for Minors
The baggage of minors (accompanied or unaccompanied) is the same which corresponds to an adult passenger at the rate and route.
Franchise for infants
The franchise for infants applies for children ages 2 and under (between 0 and 23 months).
If there is available space, one of the following ítems may be carried in the plane's cabin.
Folding stroller
Safety chlild seat
* LC Perú reserves the right to modify these franchises and dimensions of luggage.
Baggage Problems
Delay or Loss
To give you the best service and attention in case you can not find the suitcase to get to your destination, we have staff located in the baggage claim area, who you must notify. They will give you a form called "baggage claim ". Also, you must submit the following documents:
ID card, passport or immigration card.
Boarding pass.
Voucher luggage.
We will make every effort to find your bag as soon as possible. Our customer service will contact you to keep you informed about the situation, notifying the time of receipt and delivery.
Damaged baggage
LC Peru will not be responsible for damage to Checked Baggage compromising the ability for Baggage work and will not be liable for damages arising from normal wear and tear handling, you including minor cuts, scratches, nicks, dents, marks or dirt and loss of external accessories such as locks, pockets, others
In this case you can contact before leaving the airport staff if LC Peru found in the baggage claim area. You must complete your claim by filling out the form "Baggage Claim" presenting your ID or passport, boarding pass and baggage check. It is important to check the integrity of your luggage to the receipt, since, once you leave the airport will be no room for complaint.
The responsibility for LC Perú for loss, delay or damage to baggage is governed by the provisions of Peruvian law and as stated in the Warsaw Convention and Montreal.
In compliance with local and international standards, LC Perú deny transportation as baggage (hand or checked), those items and dangerous substances that could pose a significant risk to health, flight safety or property such as:
Items transported by air is prohibited in all cases:
The aircraft cannot transport dangerous possessions, as they are items that may endanger the health, safety, property or the environment. According to the laws of Aeronautics Regulation of Peru, would be prohibited from carrying "a) Substances which, when presented for air transport are likely to explode, dangerously react, producing flames or develop dangerously hot or emissions of gases or vapors toxic, corrosive or flammable under conditions commonly seen in flight "b) Articles and substances mentioned specifically by name or a generic description in the technical instructions as prohibited for carriage whatever the circumstances. (RAP 110, Article 110.11).
Items not allowed as hand luggage
Weapons, sharp objects, liquids, gels and aerosols may be transported only in the hold.
Firearms and sharp objects
Refers to any items used for cutting, metal files and nail clippers, needles or knitting needles, tools, among others. You may transport Firearms as checked baggage provided they are declared and not loaded. Failure to do so is a violation of civil aviation regulations.
Electronic Cigars
it is not allowed to transport electronic cigars in the baggage(baggage in hold). It is only allowed in the hand-luggage (purse, pocket, small purse, etc).
Liquids, gel and aerosols
LITHIUM BATTERIES:
Whether a lithium battery can be carried by air or not depends on its configuration and either Watt-hour(Wh) rating (for rechargeable) or Lithium Content(LC)(for non-rechargeable).
Use the following Tablet o determine if your battery is aceptable (download archive)
*Spare batteries may not be placed in checked baggage.
Not Allowed Aerosols or containers with liquids (such as perfumes), gel, liquors, creams or products of similar consistency (such as stick deodorants, lipstick, toothpaste, etc.).
You can transport: these products in a transparent bag up to 1 liter with opening and closing system for verifying its contents. Can also transport containers when not exceeding 100 ml each one.
Important: Each passenger is allowed a maximum of 1 bag and no containers larger than 100 ml are allowed, even if they are only partially filled.
Exceptionally transport is allowed for:
Medications: in this case you may request a prescription certifying use for the passenger during the flight.
Baby food: Always travel with children.
For accepting surfboards on routes with Boeing 737-500 aircraft must consider the following:
Only 03 surfboards maximum per flight will be accepted. To carry 03 additional surfboards, it will be depends on the number of passengers, baggage and charge amount. This will be handled in the check in module at the airport.
The volume of packed piece must not exceed 300 cms. Linear (maximum volume).
Each piece must not exceed 23 kg (50 lb). Paying the excess corresponding to the route, the maximum weight can reach 45 kg (99 lb).
ORDER OF SENASA
LCPerú, reports that the National Service of Agrarian Health (SENASA), in order to prevent, control, combat and eradicate pests considered mandatory control which by its severity or magnitude can affect significantly in the national economy and social welfare , RESTRICTS in their flights to Arequipa, the income of FRESH FRUITS and VEGETABLES, being authorized, in case of finding them, to hold and destroy them. For this reason, in Arequipa, all luggage is inspected for control against the plague of fruit fly. The inspections will be made by X-ray machines, and also carried out with dogs.
Procedure declaration of value
If you bill your luggage at any of our flights, you want to make a value statement, you must follow the following procedure:
1) Presentation Time:
The passenger must contact with the Call Center of LC PERU at (01) 204-1313 with 24 hours in advance and must go to the LCPerú's Registration Counter located at the airport of the city of source with 3 hours in advance.
2) Documents required:
The passenger must submit the following documents:
(i)Identity document (ID card, passport, driving license, Alien Card)
(ii) Airplane ticket.
(iii) Proven conclusively document the value specifically and certain of the object to be declared (invoice, proof of payment, etc.)
(iv) Declaration form Value duly completed.(See Annex 1: Declaration of special value baggage)
Download here the format
Declaration of special value baggage.
3) VERIFICATION OF CONTENTS OF BAGGAGE:
As long as LC Peru, through their traffic agents, has accepted the declaration of value, it will be essential before of the pre-billing, the passenger displays the contents of your luggage so that this check items declared as special value are the quantity and condition indicated by the passenger.
4) LIMITS STATEMENT:
The declared value of items must exceed 10001 Special Drawing Rights2. The maximum value of declaration per passenger shall not exceed US $ 5000.00
11000 DEG currently equivalent to $1401.00 (fuente http://www.convert-me.com/es/convert/currency/XDR.html al 22/03/2016)
2Derechos Especiales de Giro (DEG): Es una unidad de medida de tipo monetaria utilizada, en el régimen de la responsabilidad en la Aviación Internacional, basado en una cesta de monedas integrada por el dólar de Estados Unidos, el euro, la libra esterlina y el yen japonés. Un ejemplo de uso de los DEG, es que se utiliza para fijar las indemnizaciones por daños a pasajeros y equipaje en el transporte aéreo internacional.
5) CHARGES:
If the Declaration of Value passenger is accepted, it must pay the company a charge of 50% of the declared value within the limits set forth in the preceding paragraph.
6) CHARGE OF RECEIVING BAGGAGE WITH DECLARATION OF VALUE:
The passenger will contact staff LC Peru in the Counter destination city for to sign the disclaimer form (See ANNEX 2: Fee receipt of baggage value declaration). If the passenger has declared comments on articles, you must record them in the form of disclaimer.
Charge of receiving luggage value statement.
Change of names
Is applied only in paid tickets, in national routes, in Peru and initiated in this one.
Its realized without additional charge and the passanger must pay only the cost of reissuing of the ticket.
The process is in person at the commercial offices of LCPerú, with a minimum of 24 hours before the exit of the flight, appearing the holder and the beneficiary of the ticket with ID . It is not realized in Airports. It does not apply to companies whith corporate contract, in conformity with the Code of Protection and Defense to the Consumer.
Postponements
It is realized without additional charge, in the commercial offices of LCPerú, with a minimum of 24 hours before the exit of the flight, appearing the holder and the beneficiary of the ticket with ID. It´s not realized in Airports.
The change will only proceed with the following conditions:
The regulations of the original ticket, subject to the availability of the same or higher class fare; applying collect fare difference, if any.
Applies charge for reissue.
It does not apply to companies with corporate contract, in conformity with the Code of Protection and Defense to the Consumer.
Fare regulations
Sales Restrictions
If tickets sold at offices or through Call Centers of LCPeru an additional us$ 5 plus peruvian sales tax charges may apply
Regulations promotional fares "Promo"
Include Class "P" and "BCUSCO"
The conditions may vary by chosen class, check in Step 3 of your purchase the specific conditions per class.
Advance reservations/Ticketing
Confirmed reservations are required for all sectors. Ticketing must be completed within 2 hours after reservations are made or at least 7 days before departure, whichever is earlier.
Children discounts
Accompanied child passenger 2-12 – No discount.
Infant with a seat passenger under 2 – No discount.
Infant without a seat passenger under 2 – No charge. Must be accompanied on all flights in the same compartment by adult passenger 13 or older
Penalties- Changes
Changes permitted for reissue/revalidation:
Within 12 hours upon flight departure, no show charges per segment usd10.00 plus Peruvian sales tax (18%).
Changes before 24 hours of flight departure time permitted free of charge.
Changes within 24 hours upon flight departure permitted at usd15.00 plus Peruvian sales tax (18%).
Changes subject to availability.
Charge for emission or re-emission for section usd 5.00 + igv for sales in counter, office or through the Call Center LC Peru
There may be a charge for difference in rate if the class originally purchased is not available. A charge for reissues of USD 5.00 + IGV per segment corresponds.
Groups not permitted (from 9 and no more than 80 passengers travelling together depending the fleet type)
Allow combinations with all fares. The combinations of rates will be subject to the conditions of minimum and maximum stay. Also, it takes the most restrictive condition of the rate selected.
Return trip must be made within the indicated dates in force in the current conditions. You can see them in the "Promotions" tab.
Sale valid only in Peru.
The use of coupons must be done in a correlative way.
Invalid dates: From 12/16/2016 to 03/01/2017. From 04/07/2017 to 04/17/2017 OR 05/12/2017 to 05/22/2017 No valid dates: 06/23/2017 to 06/27/2017 or 07/21/2017 to 08/07/2017. 10/13/2017 to 10/23/2017
Penalties for changes in flight or date
Fare not valid for corporate discounts.
For sales only in Peru - Rates without differentiation by nationality.
Regulations promotional fares "Eco"
(Includes class A - E – L – Q – S)
Ticketing must be completed at least 2 hours after reservation is made.
Ticketing must be completed at least 7 days before departure, whichever is earlier.
Children (02-12 years old): no discounts.
Infants( 0-2 years old): no charges.
Changes at least 24 hours before the departure flight.
Changes free of charge
Changes subject to availablity.
Name changes free of charge.
Changes within the 24 hours before and after the departure flight.
Changes flight or date a charge of usd 15 plus peruvian sales tax igv applies.
No show charges per segment usd 10 plus peruvian sales tax igv applies.
Ticket endorsements not permitted.
Fare subject to change without previous notice.
Ticket valid for up to 180 days for after-sales services, provided trip not started. For after started trips, return ticket will be valid according to the "Maximum stay" policy.
Regulations promotional fares "Flexible" (class W,N,M)
Confirmed reservations are required for all sectors. Ticketing must be completed within 2 hours after reservations are made.
Accompanied child passenger 2-12 – Charge 50 percent of the fare. Must be accompanied on all flights in the same compartment by adult passenger 13 or older.
Infant with a seat passenger under 2 – Charge 50 percent of the fare. Must be accompanied on all flights in the same compartment by adult passenger 13 or older.
Infant without a seat passenger under 2 – No charge. Must be accompanied on all flights in the same compartment by adult passenger 13 or older.
Groups permitted (from 9 and no more than 80 passengers travelling together depending the fleet type)
Ticket valid for up to 360 days for after-sales services, provided trip not started.
Fare valid for corporate discounts.
Regulations fares Premium
Includes (class Y,H)
Changes anytime free of charge.
Are you Pregnant?
Because we are concerned about you and your baby's health we ask you to review the following requirements for traveling:
From 0 to 27 Weeks: Fly without restrictions. However, you need a medical certificate if you have multiple pregnancy or any other complications and you must sign the "Disclaimer" submitted at the airport.
From 28 to 32 Weeks: The passengers who are within this period must show a medical certificate in the moment of the check-in (dated no more than seven days of being issued) which must specify the estimated birth date, that you can travel without any risk by air and you must sign the "Disclaimer" submitted at the airport.
Medical Certificate Requirements:
Must be issued within 7 days of departure and must include the following information:
Origin and destination of the passenger.
Details of the dates of departure and arrival.
Weeks of pregnancy.
Authorization to travel by air.
Over 32 weeks: The passenger will not be transported.
Download here the format of
Responsibility for passenger pregnant.
Traveling with Infants
LCPeru consider as infants, babies up to 23 months.
You can only travel with an infant if they are over 10 days old. If your baby is less than 10 days old, is required a medical certificate for the infant.
Ticket for your baby should be associated to yours, so we recommend buying both tickets at the same time.
Infant passengers's tickets apply for taxes and airport charges.
Each adult passenger may travel with an infant. Our service allows a maximum of 4 infants per flight.
Travel Authorizations - Domestic and International flights
For children or adolescents travel outside the country, accompanied only by one parent, is required an original notarized permit signed by signed by both parents. The notarized permission is not necessary requirement if both parents travel with the children
In case of death of one parent or the child is only recognized by one of them, we need the consent of the surviving parent or who made the acknowledgment in the notarized permission had been seen the death certificate or the corresponding birth.
If the travel is a domestic flight will suffice the permission of one parent or legal representative.
Accompanied children
Children up to 4 years must travel with an adult (over 18 years). Between 5 and 11 years they can travel with teenager passengers (12 to 17 years).
LCPeru offers the service of Unaccompanied Minor (UM) ensuring that children arrive at their destination without problems.
Children between 5 and 11 years: They can travel alone, and in this case, it is mandatory that parents or guardians hire the Unaccompanied Minor service.
Children between 12 and 17 years: You can travel alone. The Unaccompanied Minor service is optional.
You should know that the child may not travel alone when it cannot move by itself or requires medical certification.
You must request the service through our Call Center (204-1313) or Office of sale from the time of booking up to 24 hours before departure. Your request must be confirmed for the exit and return, as there is a limit children accepted per flight.
For domestic flights the permission of one parent is required (Article 111, Law No. 27337).
The guardian of the child must appear at the counter, complete Form Transportation of Minors and wait departure with the child.
The child may not have the service, if he/she has a medical requirement.
Children with some degree of disability may choose the service provided can be mobilized in the event of an evacuation and respond to the safety instructions.
Children should be self-sufficient for food and able to meet basic hygiene needs.
Service available in itineraries with flights operated by LCPeru.
Cost of Service: USD 15 + IGV per segment.
Service for Unaccompanied Minors.
LC Perú does not discriminate on the basis of disability or reduced mobility. However, if the passenger is unable to attend to their needs during the flight or in an emergency, does not understand the safety instructions or if their level of immobility prevents them from attending to themselves in the case of an evacuation, the aviation authorities require that they are accompanied when traveling.
In order to provide an optimal service, we hope you give us more information on special assistance you need during the trip to be better prepared and able to help.
Although we do not ask for any details about your disability, the more background information you provide about the special assistance you require during your journey, the better prepared we will be to help you.
If you travel with your wheelchair
You must advise us at least 12 hours before your flight departure our Call Center (204-1313) or Sales Office. The information you need will be the size and weight of your wheelchair so that we can confirm to the fact transport, since it depends on the limitations of space on the plane; and revise it to see what condition it is and do not pose a risk to flight safety. We ask introduce yourself in the counter 30 minutes ahead of schedule on your boarding pass to ease the process of checking in and boarding.
If you need a wheelchair at the airport.
You must request at least 24 hours before your flight departure our Call Center (204-1313) or Sales Office. LCPERU has wheelchairs available for use in each of their counters at airports to where we fly. We have trained staff that provides support from our desks to the gate or seat on the plane.
Passengers with visual and hearing disabilities
Passengers with visual or hearing disabilities may travel freely as long as they can understand the cabin crew's instructions and evacuate the plane in case of emergency.
Passengers with recent surgeries
Our passengers have been surgically intervened recently so must show a valid medical certificate not more than seven days before departure. Once at the airport, show the certificate on the counter.
Passengers with mental or psychological disabilities
Passengers who have greater psychophysical disorders, personality or behavior must present a valid Medical Certificate seven days before departure. Once at the airport, the certificate file on the counter. We asked the passenger to travel with someone.
Autistic passengers
If our passengers travel accompanied or alone, they should inform us in advance to our Call Center (2041313) or sales office, in this way we will be better prepared to deliver a special service during your entire travel experience with us.
Thinking about your safety in case of traveling without companions:
- Unaccompanied Children, review our section for unaccompanied minors
- If you are of legal age, you must submit the signed "disclaimer" format Download the Disclaimer form here
To guarantee the special service, we ask you to inform us when you approach the Counter.
Insulin-dependent passengers
If you need to use sharp medical items during your flight, such as syringes, needles or insulin cartridges, you must carry with you a medical certificate signed by your doctor that confirms your condition.
For the safety of our passengers on board, you must not place these used items either in the seat pockets or in the bathroom trash bins. Please give them to our onboard staff so they can dispose of them in a special container.
Download here the Disclaimer form
Travel with your pet
In LC Perú you can take your pet in the hold. We ask you to review the following recommendations:
Only dogs and cats more than 8 weeks old can travel in the aircraft hold and not exceeding 20 Kilos (44 pounds).
We recommend that the passenger and the pet arrive at the airport at least one hour prior to your departure for the coordination of transport.
To increase the level of safety and comfort of pets having a height (from the floor to the back) greater than 35 cm , must use their respective muzzle and use it throughout the journey. We recommend threading the muzzle with collar to prevent the dog will remove and can use his nose to get out and get hurt.
Only one pet per container (Kennel).
Make sure you bring a container with good ventilation, waterproof base and that has a closure that your pet can not escape during flight. Your pet must have enough space to fit standing, able to move and rotate smoothly.
The pet cannot travel sedated and should remain in the container throughout the flight.
Bring your pet to any destination LCPerú will cost USD 20 + IGV each way.
You will need the certificate from a veterinary doctor, issued up to 10 days before the flight, to prove that the health status of your pet is suitable for the trip. Keep in mind that health authorities can request specific documentation, such as vaccines or history, which you must have before boarding. Otherwise, you can not travel with your pet.
Other considerations:
When you call the Call Center, you must inform the age, weight, dimensions, breed of the pet and the characteristics of the cage where your pet will travel. It is important that you comply with these conditions to ensure the shipment of your pet.
Remember, always carry a muzzle and belt to be used if necessary.
The brachycephalic breeds of dogs and cats listed below might have breathing problems, so it may NOT accompany you on your trip:
A. Staffordshire Terrier
Boxer (all races)
Bulldog (all races)
Dogo de Burdeos
English Straffordshire Bull Terrier
Grifon de Bruselas
Mastiff (all races)
Canarian Dogo
Pug (all races)
Burmese cat
Exotic Shorthair cat
There must be a distance of at least 5 cm (2 inches) between your pet's head and the top of the cage. The cage must be at least twice as wide as the animal, and it must be long enough that your pet can lie down without touching the sides. The maximum permitted dimensions of the cage are 94 cm long x 64 cm wide x 61 cm high.
Solid, waterproof and with an absorbent floor.
Has a safety lock and can only be opened from the outside..
The cage must have one open end, holes in the three other walls and spacer bars to prevent other luggage from interfering with air circulation.
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Safety Excellence
Letter from the General Manager
- Baggage Policy
- Required Documentation
- Postponements
- Rate Regulation
Claims Book
Needs and Medical Services
Provincial Offices
Copyright © 2016 LC BUSRE S.A.C. - All Rights Reserved


text:
Press Release – E.Coli Culprit – Lettuce
From a press release……..
Many of Michigan's E. coli Cases Linked to Lettuce
Genetically linked cases consumed lettuce from wholesale distributor
Lansing – As a precautionary measure, the Michigan Department
of Community Health (MDCH) is issuing a public health alert due to
illnesses from the 26 cases of E. coli strain O157:H7 that are thought
to be associated with bagged, industrial-sized packages of iceberg
lettuce sold through wholesale venues to restaurants and institutions.
There is no evidence that the bagged lettuce at grocery stores is
affected.
Some of the 26 Michigan cases consumed shredded or chopped iceberg
lettuce in restaurants or institutions purchased from Aunt Mid's
Produce Company, a Detroit-based wholesale distributor; and other
distributing outlets could be identified. Product trace back and
additional tests results are still in progress.
"Our top priority at the Michigan Department of Community Health
is to protect the public," said Dr. Gregory Holzman, chief medical
executive for MDCH. "We appreciate all of the assistance from Aunt
Mid's. They have been very helpful in this investigation. We want to
ensure that the public's health and well-being is protected. Even
though the investigation is ongoing, available evidence is strongly
pointing to iceberg lettuce."
The 26 genetically linked cases are present in eight Michigan
counties including seven at Michigan State University (Ingham County),
five inmates at the Lenawee County Jail, three students at the
University of Michigan (Washtenaw County), four in Macomb County, three
each in Wayne, two in Kent counties, and one each in St. Clair and
Oakland counties. Of the E. coli O157:H7 cases that are genetically
linked, 10 have been hospitalized. These linked cases range in age from
11 to 81 years old. Symptoms of these confirmed genetically linked E.
coli patients began on Sept. 8. More confirmed cases could surface as
the investigation continues.
The symptoms of E. coli O157:H7 may include severe stomach cramps,
diarrhea (often bloody), and vomiting. If there is fever, it usually is
not very high (less than 101 F/less than 38.5 C). Most people get better
within 5-7 days. Some infections are very mild, but others are severe
or even life-threatening.
Tags: E. Coli, Michiagn, Michigan State University, MSU, Outbreak
Categories : Food News, Michigan, Press Releases

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
After the Mardi Gras – Boise's Gone From Five Ballrooms to None
Tim Woodward Uncategorized May 2, 2022
The view from the stage would have gladdened the heart of any musician.
A sold-out show, an enthusiastic crowd. Hundreds of people dancing, laughing, enjoying an experience that, sadly, will never happen again.
Bob Woollis, who was visiting from Syracuse, N.Y., called the evening "a fitting end to an era for a storied Boise landmark."
The occasion was last month's Farewell to the Mardi Gras dance. After more than 60 years and hundreds of dances, the historic ballroom at 615 S. Ninth Street will be closing soon.
I was lucky enough to have been in one of the groups that played there that night. To say it was an honor would have been to state the obvious. Being on the stage where Buddy Rich, the Ventures, Buddy Guy and other legends played, knowing that the old ballroom's long run was about to end, was both gratifying and bittersweet.
The future of the Mardi Gras isn't certain, except for the certainty that it won't be a ballroom any more. Longtime owner Lydia Merrill died last year at 106, her heirs want to sell and the site – on the edge of downtown Boise – is worth a fortune to developers. The building might not be demolished, but don't bet on it.
Playing for the farewell dance took me back to playing for dances as a teenager at the Fiesta Ballroom – hundreds of young people dancing, the band playing hits of the era, the unique experience of participating in the time-honored tradition of a Saturday night dance. People must have danced more then, because Boise used to have five ballrooms.
That's not a misprint. There actually were five ballrooms in Boise:
* The Fiesta Ballroom was on the second floor of the old Eagles Building at Sixth and Idaho Streets in downtown Boise. It was once an Arthur Murray Dance Studio. A man name Mel Day opened it as a teenage ballroom in the early 1960s and made it the place to go on Saturday nights.
The group that played there was called the Fabulous Chancellors. One of its members, Phil Volk, went on to become a teen heartthrob known as "Fang" of Paul Revere and the Raiders, regulars on Dick Clark's "Where the Action Is" television show.
Day closed the Fiesta, which had been dark for a couple of years when my group, the Mystics, reopened it in 1965. We played Saturday nights there for a couple of years, but it was more than a ballroom for us. It was a second home. We rehearsed there, had parties there, sat on the stage at night telling ghost stories with the old building creaking and groaning around us. Those were some of the best times of our lives.
* The Trocadero Ballroom was on Overland Road, in the building that until recently housed a Reel Theatre. Del Chapman, a local deejay, held Friday and Saturday night dances there with music by local bands and national or regional acts of the early 1960s – the Marketts, Paul and Paula, the Wailers, Dick and Dee Dee, the Cascades, etc.
The regular Saturday night band at the Trocadero was a group called the Hitchhikers, which included two former members of Paul Revere and the Raiders. Revere recruited most of his musicians from the Boise area in those days.
* The Miramar Ballroom was on Fairview Avenue, where the Alden Waggoner Funeral Chapel is now. It was home to an excellent group called Dick Cates and the Chessmen. Cates was reminiscent of Roy Orbison, for the dark glasses they both wore but mostly because of his voice. Good as he was, Orbison had nothing on Cates as a singer.
Like many local kids who hoped to be in a rock group one day, I all but idolized Cates and his band, never dreaming that one day I would play with them. A friend of mine took lessons from their drummer. When the Chessmen's guitar player was too sick to play one night, he suggested me as replacement.
"Hello, is this Tim?" a voice on the phone asked.
"This is Dick Cates."
My heart all but stopped. Was this one of my friends playing a practical joke?
An awkward silence. Cates pressed on, the power of speech having left me.
"Darrell can't make it to our dance tonight, and I was wondering if you could fill in for him."
If the Beatles had been around then – they were still a couple of years away – this would have been like asking if I could fill in for George Harrison. I got through the dance with a lot of help from the Chessmen's bass player, who shouted chords at me all night, and floated home on a cloud of adolescent ecstasy.
* The Rocking Castle was next-door to the Fiesta Ballroom. It was the domain of a group called the Quirks. We competed with them, a challenge as they were a very good band.
* And of course the Mardi Gras, bringing the number of ballrooms to five.
Now there will be none. There are a few places that have dance floors, but none that would qualify as ballrooms.
Maybe that's okay. Maybe young people don't dance to live music as much any more.
If so, they missed something.
Tim Woodward's column appears every other Sunday in The Idaho Press and is posted on woodwardblog.com the following Mondays. Contact him at woodwardcolumn@gmail.com.
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Certifying tile installers can only help the flooring industry. The bar has been raised by consumers as well as the industry and it's time to recognize those who are not only talented but committed to their profession. I thought it would be a good time to get an update on the industry.
I was lucky enough to get an Interview with Scott Carothers, Executive Director of the CTEF.
Scott, what is the Ceramic Tile Education Foundation?
The Ceramic Tile Education Foundation (CTEF) provides education and installer certification for professionals working in the ceramic tile and stone industry. We are a non-profit organization supported by stakeholders from all industry segments, including contractors, manufacturers, and the major domestic and international trade associations.
How did you get to the CTEF?
I was hired to institute a tile certification for the CTEF. Certification is necessary to differentiate installers and to help customer make better hiring decisions.
Why has certification become so important to consumers?
Consumers have never had a way to distinguish one installer from another. They never knew who had the knowledge and the right experience. Now they can go on our website and verify the installers. It's voluntary but we have to find a way to raise the bar. There are 155 questions that involve knowledge and standards as well as best practices for our industry.
This is not a training program, it's a way to verify the skills that the installer already has. The installer registers on-line and has a study guide with the ANSI standards and the TCNA handbook. They can take the online classes as many times as they like before they take the written test. Someone from the CTEF like myself can go to their hometown and evaluate their hands on skills.
Tell us a little about the C.T.E.F.
1 member from the Tiles of Spain, One from the Italian manufacturers, 2 manufacturer reps and one from the C.T.D.A.
The mission from the mid 90's was to provide non-proprietary training and education to the ceramic tile industry. this eventually grew into a certification or validation of skills and knowledge of successful tile installers from the USA. The program is brand new but we are getting great results.
The A&D community is using some of our specifications in their plans and many of the Universities are requiring that the tile installers be certified.
We hope to have 700 installers certified by the end of the year. We are hoping that it will become a standard and that all installers will have to be certified. This will mean less problems for consumers and for the industry.
For further information on the certification program, contact Scott Carothers below.


text:
Der Unicodeblock Lateinisch-1, Ergänzung (Latin-1 Supplement, 0080 bis 00FF) ergibt zusammen mit dem Unicodeblock Basis-Lateinisch die Codepage "Latin1" (ISO 8859-1).

Tabelle
Die Steuerzeichen

 Grafiktafel

 Weblinks

 PDF des Unicode-Konsortiums (englisch; 139 kB)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


After Sunday brunch today, Mickey and I were finally able to satisfy our sweet tooth cravings at Manila Bake by Serye Cafe Filipino in Katipunan Avenue, Quezon City.
In this modern day bake shop, you'll find local treats with a twist, fruit jelly spreads, freshly baked breads, pies, pastries and cakes to satisfy your sweet tooth or perhaps a snack craving.
We both ordered a refreshing glass of Tanglad tea (PHP 80.00 per glass). I love this!
We're coming back next time to try their freshly baked breads and light meals.
Manila Bake by Serye Cafe Filipino is located at 206-A Katipunan Avenue, Blue Ridge A, Quezon City. For orders and inquiries, call (63-2) 509 1973. Manila Bake is open daily from 6:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m.


text:
COBUS — німецький виробник перон автобусів, що діє з 1978 року.

Модельний ряд
Модельний ряд включає в себе автобуси eCobus, COBUS 3000, COBUS 2700, COBUS 2700s, COBUS 2500 і COBUS 2400. Найменший з них за габаритами — COBUS 2400. Його довжина становить 8,7 м, ширина — 2,4 м, висота — 3,1 м, колісна база — 5,3 м. На дану модель ставили двигуни виробництва Mercedes-Benz спільно з трансмісією Allison АТ542. Місткість — 84 пасажири (45 без ручної поклажі, 39 з ручною поклажею).

Найбільша великогабаритна модель — COBUS 3000. Довжина даної моделі складає 13,8 м, ширина — 3 м, висота — 3,1 м, колісна база — 7,1 м. На неї ставили двигун Cummins BG-230 с турбонаддувом, модель трансмісії — Allison B300. Місткість — 130 пасажирів.

Примітки

Посилання

 Cobus Industries
 Cobus Industries LP
 Flyer about COBUS 3000 (de) (with dimensions)
 CPTDB Wiki

Виробники автомобілів Німеччини
Виробники автобусів
Засновані в Німеччині 1978


Bacon, D. (2004). The Children of NAFTA. LA: University of California Press.
Constitutional Law. (2000). The Harvard Law Review 113(5), 1234-1239.
S. attributed to NAFTA. Figure 1: Rise in the Business Investment (adapted from "NAFTA -- Myth…," ¶ 1).
Myth #2: NAFTA has cost the U.S. jobs.
Figure 2 reflects U.S. Employment Increases related in response to Myth #2.
Figure 2: U.S. Employment Relating to NAFTA (adapted from "NAFTA -- Myth…," ¶ 2).
Myth #3: NAFTA has hurt America's manufacturing base.
Anderson, Sarah, John Cavanagh and Saul Landau. "North American Free Trade Agreement."
Ed. Barry, Tom and Martha Honey. International Relations Center, Foreign Policy in Focus, Volume 2; No.1. 1997, January. .
Jackson, Andrew. From Leaps of Faith to Lapses of Logic: Assessing a Decade of Free Trade. Canadian Labor Congress. 1999.
Clarkson, Stephen. Uncle Sam and U.S., Globalization, Neo-conservatism and the Canadian State. University of Toronto Press. 2002.
Campbell, Matthew. Pulling Apart: the Deterioration of Employment and income in North America under Free Trade. Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives. 1999. pp. 100.
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) (2006) Public Citizen Online available at http://www.citizen.org/trade/nafta/.
NAFTA at Seven (2001) Economic Policy Institute - Research for Broadly Shared Prosperity Online available at http://www.epinet.org/content.cfm/briefingpapers_nafta01_index.
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), a free trade agreement uniting Canada, Mexico, and the United States, was signed in January 1994 by Democratic President Bill Clinton. The intention of the agreement was to eliminate most of the tariffs on products traded between these three nations. The tariffs were phased out gradually, and the full agreement was not realized until 2008. The industries that felt the greatest impact due to NAFTA were agriculture, textiles and automobiles. "NAFTA also implemented intellectual-property protections, established dispute-resolution mechanisms, and put into place regional labor and environmental safeguards, though some critics now lobby for stronger measures on this front" (Teslik 2008).
Employers and employees therefore now have an increased opportunity to utilize their talents under NAFTA. Canada's employment rate has for example increased by 17.5% since the inception of the Trade Agreement (Foreign Affairs and International Trade, Canada).
The North American Free Trade Agreement is a trade agreement signed in November 1993 between the United States, Canada, and Mexico (NAFTA pp). NAFTA promoters, which include many of the world's largest corporations, promised it would create hundreds of thousands of new high-wage U.S. jobs, raise living standards, improve environmental conditions and transform Mexico into a booming new market for U.S. exports (North pp). Opponents of NAFTA believing that calling it a trade agreement is misleading and that it is actually an investment agreement with core provisions that grant foreign investors a remarkable set of new rights and privileges that promote relocation abroad of factories and jobs and the privatization and deregulation of essential services, such as water, energy and health care (North pp). One of the major contentions of NAFTA has been the effect on the trucking industry.
Many analysts warn that those who were impressed by the growth of the U.S. economy and its manufacturing sector during the 1990's when both boomed even as trade deficits rose and believe that the dollar's role as anchor of the world economy will allow deficits to climb even higher should consider America's trade performance, especially with the rising import penetration rates, resulting in the decline of domestic market shares (Outside 2002).
New Study Examines Competitiveness of Corporate America in Global Marketplace.
Maritime transit is generally considered the lowest cost and lowest pollutant emitting source of all available alternatives. However the sheer number of vessels in transit at any one time is still large enough to warrant concern among the environmentally conscious.
One extremely recent development offers new insight of the future of the environmental concerns associated with maritime travel. The International Maritime Organization (IMO), a UN body that regulates world shipping, will be deciding on whether or not to reduce sulfur levels in the emissions produced by ships (Pearce, 2010). Sulfur plays a very ironic role in today's stage of environmental concerns.
Brooks, M. (2005). NAFTA and Short Sea Shipping Corridors. AIMS Commentary. November (5), p1-4.
Fernandez, L. (2005). NAFTA Countries' Strategies for Addressing Marine Invasive Species through Shipping.Available: http://economics.ucr.edu/seminars/spring05/ets/04082005.pdf. Last accessed May 11, 2010.
Kallas, S. (2009). What do we want to achieve?. Available: http://ec.europa.eu/transport/maritime/index_en.htm. Last accessed May 11, 2010.
Pearce, F. (2010). How polluting ships have been doing us a favour. New Scientist. 205 (2), p8-9.
There have been a number of changes in the global economy of the world over the past decade. It is important to examine the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and determine if it has helped and/or hindered the economies of all three countries, if it has accomplished what it was established to do, and if over the past ten years it has resulted in additional trade agreements within the Americas.
Brief Notes on GATT, NAFTA, and Other Trade Agreements. (accessed 25 September, 2004).
Hendricks, David. Officials try to keep NAFTA relevant in growing global economy; tariffs between the U.S., Canada and Mexico to continue to decrease on billions of dollars of trade. Expansion Management. (2004): 01 August.
History of NAFTA. (accessed 25 September, 2004).
With President Trump upending the Trans-Pacific Partnership, what can be done to move the United States policy on trade towards an open market scenario?
The United States economy has made some positive strides with the Trump Administration. However, President Trump's decision to upend the Trans-Pacific Partnership has caused a setback in the desire for the country to become a global trader. The drive for open markets has created a need within the United States government to adopt policy that will allow for trade to expand over to international waters, thus allowing the United States to grow in terms of becoming the main contender in the global economy.
One of the key contentious issues in the recently finished United States presidential elections from members of both parties was that of ending the free trade agreements. Free trade takes into account the lack of restrictions on imports or exports by government administrations. Therefore, there is the free flow of goods and services to and from nations based on the market demand and supply. In the contemporary, the United States has effective free trade agreements with twenty nations. One of the major key trade agreements for the nation is the North American Free Trade Agreement, which delineates the guiding principles for transnational trade with Mexico and Canada (International Trade Administration). The purpose of this paper is to discuss the costs and benefits of free trade and the impact on the United States if the deliberations on ending free trade agreements come to fruition.
international community depends on a wide array of nongovernmental organizations to deliver the social and economic assistance needed to join the global economic community. Among the organizations committed to this end is the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) which purports to improve the trade relationships among the countries of Latin and North America. To determine the efficacy of NATFA in promoting seamless trade between the United States and Canada, this paper review the relevant literature concerning these issues to develop and informed and timely answer to the question, "If NAFTA a good deal for North America or not?" A summary of the research and salient findings concerning these issues are provided in the conclusion.
MacDonald, C. (2009, November). NAFTA cross-border trucking: Mexico retaliates after Congress stops Mexican trucks at the border. Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, 42(5), 1631-1635.
North American Free Trade Agreement. (2015). Office of the United States Trade Representative. Retrieved from https://ustr.gov/trade-agreements/free-trade- agreements/north-american-free-trade-agreement-nafta.
Peek, L. & Roxas, M. (2007, January 1). NAFTA Professional Mutual Recognition Agreements: Comparative analysis of accountancy certification and licensure. Global Perspectives on Accounting Education, 4, 1-5.
Truett, L.J. & Truett, D.B. (2007, July). NAFTA and the Maquiladoras: Boon or Bane? Contemporary Economic Policy, 25(3), 374-377.
NAFTA Lived up to Its Promises?
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is a trilateral trade agreement creating a free trade area between United States, Mexico, and Canada. The agreement came into force on 1 January 1994, and was hailed as the economic milestone that would help to increase trade between the three countries, and create a higher level of efficiency to provide economic benefits for the parties to the agreement. The agreement had the aim of eliminating trade tariffs between the countries, a significant number of tariffs were eliminated immediately, with tariffs that remained being phased out over the following 10 years. However, more than 20 years after the agreement was put into place, is there any evidence to demonstrate that the reality has lived up to the expectations.
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) went into effect January 1, 1994. The North American Free Trade Agreement allows U.S. companies to sell their goods in Mexico tariff-free. It also allows Mexicans to set up low-wage factories to produce their goods to sell in the United States duty free. [Dowling, 1996]. This agreement removed most barriers to investment in between Canada, the United States and Mexico. Its intention was to boost the economies of all three countries by expanding their potential markets and allowing them to take advantage of what each of the other two countries had to offer. Since its adoption, its effects have been debatable, especially concerning safety and environmental issues in the United States and the effect on the Mexican Peso.
Dowling, Donald Jr. The pros and cons of business in Mexico: South of the border, many pros are cons. Business Journal . Going Global section. American Business Journals.
November 22, 1996 print edition.
Owner-Operator Independent Drivers Association (OOIDA). Senate quotes: the good, the bad, and the ugly. Quotes from July 27, 2001 Senate floor debate on Mexican border opening.
2002. OOIDA Website. Accessed February, 2002.
Mittleman, J. (2000). The Globalization Syndrome. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
According to the Office of the United States Trade Representative website, which is part of the Executive Office of the President, the United States has trade agreements with a total of twenty countries. Those countries are Austarlia, Bahrain, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Israel, Jordan, Korea, Mexico, Morocco, Nicaragua, Oman, Panama, Peru and Singpore. Beyond that, there are also regional agreements such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership, or TPP for shot. There are currently negotiations under way to have a similar agreement which is called the Trans-Atlantic Trade and Investment Project, or T-TIP for short, with the European Union. Finally, there are broad-based agreements that involve free trade such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and a few others that are noteworthy (USTR).
hat is the basis for support of free trade agreements and what benefits are derived?
The conservative Heritage Foundation takes the position that free trade allows American workers to "specialize in goods and services that they produce more efficiently" than anywhere else in the world; then, those goods can be (and are) exchanged for services and goods "that other countries produce at higher quality and lower cost" (Eiras, 2004). This policy helps America become more "competitive and innovative," Eiras writes; and by being innovative, America then produces new technologies which offer opportunities to produce even more goods and services (p. 1). The benefits for America vis-a-vis free trade agreements include: a) the chance to cure more diseases; b) improved educational facilities and institutions; c) less pollution; d) and greater economic growth and a greater "range of investment opportunities" (Eiras, p. 1).
Amadeo, K. (2013). Advantages of NAFTA. About.com. Retrieved August 9, 2014, from http://useconomy.about.com.
Amadeo, K. (2013). Disadvantages of NAFTA. About.com. Retrieved August 9, 2014, from http://useconomy.about.com.
Eiras, A.I. (2004). Why America Needs to Support Free Trade. The Heritage Foundation.
Retrieved August 9, 2014, from http://www.heritage.org.
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was enacted in November of 1993 with the objective to facilitate the free flow of goods, services and labor between the United States, Canada and Mexico. NAFTA was not only used to eliminate tariffs between the relevant countries but it also addressed issues such as transportation, border restrictions, as well as environmental issues between the participating countries Although NAFTA required some tariffs to be dropped immediately others are subject to a fifteen year grace period. NAFTA addresses many other issues than tariffs as well as acts to open protected sectors in agriculture, energy, automotive trade, and textiles. NAFTA also establishes an international agreement on intellectual property rights.
Adler, W.M. (2000). Mollie's Job. New York: Touchstone.
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Specifically, it will present the pros and cons of NAFTA, and how it will affect the apparel industry, especially in the California and/or Los Angeles market. It will consider such factors as how it affects the job market, manufacturers, contractors, etc.
The article does not set for itself the objective of tackling cultural differences as a wider concept, but points out to specific challenges of cultural differences.
The second textbook excerpt makes reference to distinctive aspects of free trade agreements, including here protectionism, however, contrary to the article, it does not address the aspect of jobs protectionism or the challenges of outsourcing for different countries.
economic advantages for the U.S., Mexico, and Canada of signing the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)?
Iyer, L. "To trade or not to trade?" HBS Case Study. 17 Nov 2005.
It is likely that the effects of this slowdown will be negligible, therefore.
Despite the fact that it is considered to be responsible for the immense inequalities in the economic sector, it also provides the progress for least developed countries and the environment for the maintenance of the developed countries. The existence of trade blocks such as NAFTA or ASEAN are even more reasons to consider globalization as a means of improvement in terms of politics, economic, and social aspects of life.
Ian Goldin, Kenneth einert. 2006. Globalization for development: trade, finance, aid, igration and policy . World Bank: Palgrave Macmillan, Washington, DC .
D. Held,. 2005. Debating Globalization . Polity Press, Cambridge.
Woods N. 2000a 'The Challenge to International Institutions'. Primary eading.
Ian Goldin, Kenneth Reinert. 2006. Globalization for development: trade, finance, aid, igration and policy . World Bank: Palgrave Macmillan, Washington, DC .
Boden, J. (2008). The Wall Behind China's Open Door. Brussels: Academic and Scientific Publishers.
The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) was started on January 1989 by Australian Prime Minister ob Hawke when he called for better economic cooperation within the Asia Pacific Region. Currently, the organization has 21 members including, Australia, Japan, Singapore, and United States. At the ogor summit, APEC started discussions regarding the "ogor Goals" which aims to reduce tariffs between zero and five percent in industrialized countries by 2010 and developing countries by 2020 (Wikipedia contributors, 2007). APEC had a combined GDP of $6 trillion in 1998 and 42% of global trade. The main advantages of this organization are deregulation, sharing of technology, and policy certainty ("What is APEC?" n.d.). Some disadvantages include selective policy-making to push the agenda of a specific country using intimidation strategies, increased inequality and poverty, anti-democratism, and high costs with respect to human rights violations and environmental damages (Kelsey, n.d.).
Unfortunately, their American dream is more often than not the American nightmare. It does not provide living wages for their families to live on. Their blood, sweat and tears build the companies. The leaders attempt to evade paying the workers their fair share by moving to other states where they can pay less money. This is exactly what Universal Manufacturing does by moving its operations to Mississippi. It goes there to pay less money and avoid the unionization that is the only weapon that the workers have in their struggle to organize and get more money and better working conditions. Mega corporations in the time of globalization do exactly the same thing, but just on a much greater scale in the time of NAFTA when selling out to lowest bidder and making people into commodities that can be sold over international borders has been raised to a high art.
Weigel, K.J. & Schwartz, J.M. (2009). International Government Contractor: News and Analysis on International Public Procurement and Export Controls. Thomas Reuters, 6(4), 1-9.
Other tools frequently used in this approach are positioning surveys and moving-average trend following trading rules. Fund managers regularly use these patterns to take informed decisions for short-term investments (Exchange ate Forecast, 2010).
Boyabatl, O. & Toktay, L.B. (2004). Operational Hedging: A Review with Discussion.
Facts Cloud Attempt to 'Celebrate' NAFTA 10th Anniversary Signing Ceremony.
Student please request a revision. I was waiting tohear back from you on answer to my questions. Will go ahead in next 20 minutes and finish paper as is. And send it to you then.
At present, although the United States and Mexico are embraced in an atmosphere of cooperation that is unprecedented, there are still potential areas of conflict that could chill relations between the two countries if they are not handled with great diplomacy. The tricky part here for President Bush, Mexican President Fox and other leaders is that these issues are more about perception than they are based on reality. The two major issues that come up the most are directly related to one another. These two issues, trade and immigration also touch on other politically sensitive issues which include environmental concerns, worker conditions, economic parity, political freedom, and governmental control.
The State is just taking back its rightful property under the contractual obligations of the agreement signed between the host State and the foreign investor who' assets are being seized in the expropriation. Another cause for direct expropriation is the concept that the State will in some way gain financially, socially, or economically from the expropriate assets beyond their value of compensation. If a particular investment can generate more positive results in the hands of the State, it is legal to file expropriation proceedings if the full value of compensation is covered as determine by an international tribunal.
Dolzer, Rudolf & Schruer, Cristoph. (2008). Principles of International Investment Law. Oxford University Press.
Edsall, Rachel D. (2007). Indirect expropriation under NAFTA and DRCAFTA: potential inconsistencies in the treatment of state public welfare regulations. Boston University Law Review. Vol 86:931-962.
Hober, Kaj. (2007). Investment Arbitration in Eastern Europe: In Search of a Definition of Expropriation. Juris Publishing Inc.
Merriam-Webster. (1998). Collegiate Dictionary. 1 oth ed. Merriam Webster Publishing.
This, of course, would represent one aspect of the resentment served to Salinas. The other aspect would be the significant impact of the economic crisis and the continued devaluation of the Peso. These things reflected on the ineptitude of a party seldom challenged as it should have been.
Associated Press (AP). (1987). Inflation up 159% in Mexico. The Dallas Morning News.
Bruhn, K. (1997). Taking on Goliath: The emergence of a New Left Party and the Struggle. Penn State Press.
Camin, H.A. & Meyer, L. (1993). In the shadow of the Mexican Revolution.


Hi, my name's Ali, I live in West Yorkshire, England. I love doing anything creative but for the past few years all I've done with my spare time is play golf. I do tend to have quite a lot of 'me' time – I'm a paramedic and work shifts, and have the best job in the world!
Although I love my golf I don't really have a lot to show for all the effort I've put into it, except for a few trophies, and a single figure handicap.
In June 2013 it was 'Captain's Day' at the Golf Club, so I decided to make a frock to wear. Not having sewn any clothes for at least 12 years I was cutting it a bit fine when I started my project on the morning of the night I wanted to wear it. After chasing the fabric across the carpet for 3 hours (it was an ITY knit) I was able to start sewing. I had it finally finished by 6.15pm, quick shower and off I went……………….
Here it is……………… with H who is now 15 and 6ft3!
So, since June '13 I have really gotten into the crafty/creative malarky. I've learnt to crochet, made all my Christmas pressies in 2013 and then in 2014 I joined the RTW (ready to wear) Fast, organised by the amazingly talented Sarah Gunn over at Goodbye Valentino.
In 2014 I stopped smoking as well as rising to the challenge of the RTW fast – not sure which was the hardest! There's a round up of my me made of 2014 wardrobe here.
In 2015 I organised my first ever bloggers meet up in Dewsbury and formed the Yorkshire Spoolettes.
You can read about the meet up and other goings on from the Spoolettes HERE.
2016 saw me trying to improve my sewing – and aiming for quality not quantity. And also trying to make more wardrobe staples as I do have an awful lot of orphans in my wardrobe!
I've invested in a Babylock Ovation and am hoping to make me own active wear. In 2016 I also attended Sewbrum and Sew Up North, and went to the Big Vintage Sewalong Afternoon Tea Party.
It was quite a busy year and I've met some lovely sewing folk in real life as a result of my blogging.
In 2017 my sewing slowed down as I focussed more of my time on become a healthier and fitter version of me. At the start of 2016 I weighed in at over 13 stone. By February 2017 I had lost almost a stone, mainly by becoming more active. I then joined Slimming World as i was struggling to loose the last stone and a bit. I hit my target of 11 stone in just 3 1/2 months. I've written a post how I was able to rescue some of my favourite clothes to fit my new figure.
My dad thought of the name "Thimberlina" for my blog. And the name's stuck. My mum will ring me up and ask what Thimbers been up to, and hardly ever calls me Ali!
2 months and 6 days since I started blogging and I've had ONE THOUSAND views!
Very clever name, Thimberlina! Good job on the blog!
Have you ever considered putting a "Contact" tab at the top of your blog? I ask because I wanted to contact YOU vs. putting it on the public side of your site.
What I wanted to say was I noticed you recently "followed" me via Bloglovin' at one of my blogs that will soon be defunct (www.sewandcro.com). I am in the process of switching everything over to http://www.sewcroandquilt.wordpress.com. If you would be so kind would you please follow me via Bloglovin' at my current web address?
Love your blog. I'm in Canada but I've spent many a holiday hiking in the Yorkshire Dales. My husband's from Cumbria and we anticipate retiring to the UK (but not for another 10 years). It's nice to know there are some kindred sewing spirits there. I've never found any fabric stores when we've visited on holiday, but maybe things are changing. Thank you for such a fun read!
Looking foward to reading your blog–I've been following certain sewing and design blogs for a month or so now, and they've all given me great inspiration. It feels great to find another sewing blog, and yours looks like a fun read–cheers!
Lovely blog Ali – am glad I found it, looking forward to reading about all your beautiful makes.
Wow, Yes, Mayo is very close to me!
I found your blog via your comments on Allspice Abounds. I'm looking forward to checking it out!
Hello, and thank you for visiting and now following the doings in Chiconia. You sound like the sort of person who will enjoy the same stuff I blether about, and I look forward to hearing what you have to say!
Thankyou! I found you via Tialys's blog who i've followed for a while. I've loved reading about the F2F Block Swap and as I'm hoping to start quilting this year she suggested it might be good for me to join in something like that. I'll keep a lookout for your gluten free recipes too as my nephew and niece are both coeliac.
I'm considering doing something similar when F2F finishes; not exactly the same but along those lines. If you'd like to join in, just shoot me a line when I post about it. It's very good for building skill, without being too demanding.
If there's a particular GF thing you want a recipe for, let me know; if I haven't already got one, I can work one out for you.
Am enjoying your theme re-design, Lovely Mrs. T!
Any. Hope Mum's ok – over here, you can't get anything off y' mobile when anywhere in hospitals so understand. Will chat later maybe. All ok w'Mum? 💕🎈💝 for her speedy recovery!


text:
Q: $G$ cannot have a subgroup $H $ with $|H| = n-1$ I'm trying to prove a group $G$ cannot have a subgroup $H$ with $|H| = n-1$ if $|G|=n > 2$. Here is my attempt:
The order of subgroup must divide the order of its group, and thus we would have $(n - 1) \mid n$. But if $n > 2$ then $n < k(n-1)$ for any $k>1$, contradiction. Is that correct?

A: Your proof using Lagrange's theorem works perfectly fine. In case you want a simpler proof, here is one.
Suppose $H$ is a subgroup of order $n-1$ and let $x\in G\setminus H$. Then, for any $h\in H$, you must have $xh\in G\setminus H$ since $x\notin H$. But this implies that $xh=x$ for any $h\in H$, which means that $H=\lbrace 0_{G} \rbrace$, the trivial subgroup. This is only possible if $n=2$ which concludes the proof.

A: In general,  $(n,n-1)=1$.  That's $n$ and $n-1$ are coprime.   One way to see it is that $n-(n-1)=1$, so since a linear combination equals $1$, anything that divides both divides $1$.
Now by Lagrange this is ruled out for $n\gt2$. That's a group of order $n$ has no subgroup of order $n-1$.

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"Age is a characteristic that applies to everyone, regardless of demographic classification… Older workers feel bias and discrimination when their many years of experience are considered "too much" for the role or when they are excluded from the applicant pool because of the assumption that their salary demands will exceed the budgetary limits."
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The theories of ageism are based on biases of age. They believe that a person's ability and worth is reflected by the essence of their age. The theories are well respected, and they represent the beliefs and philosophies of scientists, researchers and analysts. Although these theories represent truth, they also represent the grounds of discrimination.
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What is a standard anyway?
Gear standards are technical documents that are developed by governing bodies in order to set rules, guidelines, and definitions for the production, assembly, and inspection of gears — but they can vary depending on where you are.
Brian Dengel
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There is an old adage that goes: "Everything old is new again." This is commonly used when a fad — like bell-bottom blue jeans — comes back into favor after a period of time. Conversely, there are constants, like Friday night football, that become more of a tradition and never go out of style. These traditions lend themselves to a certain standard. These standards lead to an expectation of the experience. In the United States, the standard measurement for liquids like cow's milk and gasoline is the gallon. However, the standard for soda is the liter. The United States standard for driving distances is miles, but the standard for running distances is the kilometer. The standard for children's medication 30 years ago was the teaspoon, but today it is the milliliter.
Gear standards are technical documents that are developed by governing bodies in order to set rules, guidelines, and definitions for the production, assembly, and inspection of gears. They are typically developed over a period of years by bringing together many of the interested parties including gear manufacturers, end-users, and academia. As the standards are put into use, the governing bodies reconvene their standards committees periodically in order to review community feedback for each standard so that the committee can evaluate any deficiencies in the standard.
In regard to the question of whether diametral pitch gearing or metric gearing are the default or standard system of gearing in industry, the answer depends on who you ask. Although known as the British Imperial Units, inch dimensions were replaced by metric units in 1965. All other countries in the world have adopted metric units for all of industry, except the United States. Estimates of gearing consumption in North America have concluded that in 2000, the percentage of gears was 95 percent inch and 5 percent metric. By 2010, the ratio had changed to 82 percent inch and 18 percent metric. It is estimated that the use of metric dimensioned products in 2020 has risen to 25 percent.
In the United States, the governing body for gear standards is the American Gear Manufacturers Association (AGMA). They have set standards for both inch and metric gears. When specifying a gear standard, the current AGMA standard for inch pitch spur gearing is AISI/AGMA 2015-1-A01. This standard is similar to the metric pitch standard ISO 1328-1:2013.
One of the more complicated issues regarding gearing standards internationally are the numerous local governing body standards. In the European Union, the two main standards for spur gearing are ISO 53 and ISO 1328-1:2013. However, in Germany, spur gearing is standardized by DIN 780, DIN 867, DIN 3961, DIN 3962, DIN 3962, DIN 3963, DIN 3964, DIN 3966, and DIN 3967. In the United Kingdom, standard BS 436 is specific to inch pitch spur gearing, and the standard BS 4582 is specific to metric pitch spur gearing. In Japan, the spur gearing standard is JIS B 1702-1:2016. Japan also has a standard set by JGMA (Japanese Gear Manufacturers Association). Detailed in Figure 1 is a table showing a relative comparison of various international gear quality standards.
Over the past 25 years, the major governing standards bodies for gearing have been revisiting their standards and modifying them toward the goal of a single unified international standard. The creation of a series of universal standards for gearing will help gear designers, gear manufacturers, and gear production equipment builders by creating a singular cost-effective standard for all.
When designing gearing, the end-user has an expectation that the gear manufacturer will supply gears that are produced to a certain standard. The use of designing to a standard allows for gears produced by different companies, at different times, on different equipment, to all meet the same performance specifications.
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is general manager of KHK USA Inc, a subsidiary of Kohara Gear Industry with a 24-year history of working in the industrial automation industry. He is skilled in assisting engineers with the selection of power-transmission components for use in industrial equipment and automation. Dengel is a member of PTDA and designated as an intern engineer by the state of New York. He is a graduate of Hofstra University with a Bachelor's of Science in Structural Engineering.
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