text:
Q: Authentication popup doesn't display in Firefox When I go on a specific website which uses the "authentication required" popup, nothing is displayed and I'm redirected to the main page.
I'm running Firefox 61.0.1(64bits) on Windows 10.
I've tried on a VM under Kali and Firefox 52.9.0 (64bits) and it's working.
So I downloaded this version for Windows but it doesn't work either.
I've tried starting Firefox in safe mode, and still no authent' popup.
Add-ons are not the culprits since it doesn't work in safe mode.
Any ideas ?
Thank you !

A: Found it !
I tweaked Firefox for privacy following this site recommandation https://www.privacytools.io/#about_config
The culprit parameter is network.http.referer.XOriginPolicy which must not be set to 2 but only 1.
I had to reset firefox and test each parameter one by one, because restarting firefox in safe mode does not reinitiate the about:config parameters.
Hope it helps.
Thank you @mt025


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Aldi, Asda, Tesco, Morrisons and Sainsbury's have new opening hours and rules for May bank holidays
Supermarkets have made a number of changes for the two bank holidays this month
Kristy Dawson
Tesco, Morrisons, Aldi, Asda and Sainsbury's are among stores with changes for the bank holidays
Supermarket opening hours and rules will be altered for two bank holidays this month.
The first bank holiday this month is Friday, May 8 - VE day.
The state holiday was switched from a Monday to Friday so the UK could commemorate the 75th anniversary of Victory in Europe Day (VE).
This is the day in which Allied forced formally announced the surrender of Germany, bringing the Second World War to a close in Europe on May 8, 1945.
However, the coronavirus lockdown will prevent any street parties or social gatherings from taking place, reports Chronicle Live.
A second bank holiday will follow just over two weeks later on Monday, May 25.
Here is when major supermarkets will be open and what rules will be in place on both of the month's bank holidays.
Lockdown measures could be eased from Monday, Boris Johnson suggests
Coronavirus LIVE: Caution over 'getting carried away' with lifting lockdown amid second peak concern
Aldi will be open from 8am to 8pm on both the Friday May 8 VE Day bank holiday and the Monday May 25 bank holiday.
Otherwise, Aldi opens from 8am to 1pm, Monday to Saturday and 10am to 4pm on Sundays.
Key workers skip to the front of entry queues by showing appropriate ID.
Aldi opens half an hour early, from Monday to Saturday, for a dedicated browsing hour for elderly or vulnerable customers.
The supermarket's current 'usual' opening hours will apply in May.
Most Asda supermarkets will open from 8am to 10pm from Monday to Thursday, 8am to 8pm on Fridays, 8am to 10pm on Saturdays and 10am to 4pm on Sundays, although it varies from store to store.
The first shopping hour on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays is reserved for NHS staff and care workers.
Asda stores will close at 8pm on both May bank holidays. It says its hours are subject to change. Any changes will be shown on its store locator.
Most Lidl supermarkets are open from 8pm to 10pm, Monday to Saturday and from 10am to 4pm on Sundays. Check your nearest branch on Lidl's store locator
Lidl will be open from 8am to 8pm on both May bank holidays, its website says.
All item restrictions have been lifted by Lidl, although customers can still expect to queue outside during busier hours and are encouraged to shop alone if possible.
M&S Food
Opening hours vary depending on the store.
For the latest opening hours, head to M&S's store finder.
The first hour of shopping on Tuesdays and Fridays with me dedicated to NHS, carers and emergency workers.
Stores are reserved for vulnerable/elderly shoppers for the first hour of trading on Mondays and Thursdays.
The jobs available during lockdown with hotels, schools and stores still hiring
Supermarkets are open 7am to 8pm, Monday to Friday and 9.30am or 10am - 4pm on Sundays.
Morrisons said on Monday May 4 that its bank holiday opening hours will be published here, in 'due course'.
NHS staff can shop an earlier than other customers on weekday mornings.
Stores will open for NHS ONLY between 6am and 7am, Monday to Friday and from 9am on Sundays.
They will be open from 8am to 8pm on the bank holiday Friday and the bank holiday Monday.
A small number of Sainsbury's Locals and supermarket opening times may vary and be subject to change, so it's worth customers checking Sainsbury's store locator for the most up to date information.
Buying restrictions have been limited and entry is limited to one adult per household.
The vast majority of Sainsbury's supermarkets are usually open from 8am to 10pm.
Elderly/vulnerable customers only between 8am and 9am on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.
NHS/Care workers only from 7.30am to 8am, Monday to Saturday.
Stokesley and Whitby tips to reopen - but trips must be essential
Much-loved Teesside takeaway Saigon is back open for business
Tesco will trade with usual Friday opening hours on the Friday May 8 bank holiday.
Most smaller stores open at 6am or 7am and close between 8am and 10pm.
Larger Extra stores are open from 8am Monday to Saturday and from 10am on Sundays. Again, closing times vary.
Tesco advises customers to check its store locator as restrictions and hours can change from store to store.
Most item restrictions have been relaxed.
Elderly and vulnerable shoppers are prioritised between 9am and 10am on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.
NHS staff can use dedicated shoppings hours between 9am and 10am on Tuesdays and Thursdays, as well as a browsing hour from 9am on Sundays.
NHS staff can show ID to skip queues outside stores.
'I've paid for the most expensive room!': Spensley's pub boss and son sparked hotel birthday brawl
CourtsTony Spensley punched a kitchen manager in the face while his son Jack pounded his chest and made 'Tarzan noises' in a drunken melee

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Eyeing the U.S. market, TiGenix touts 52-week data from PhIII stem cell trial
by John Carroll |
Mar 8, 2016 9:47am
Belgian biotech TiGenix claimed a rare Phase III win for a stem cell product last year when it reported that its lead program hit the primary endpoint among patients with Crohn's disease 24 weeks after therapy. And now it says the 52-week follow-up continued to reflect the treatment's success as it angles for a $57 million IPO on Nasdaq and a late-stage R&D drive in the U.S.
By the numbers: 54.2% of patients who had a single injection of Cx601 to treat fistulas in Crohn's disease patients were in remission after a year, compared to 37.1% of the placebo arm. Three out of four patients--75%--of the patients in remission 24 weeks after treatment with the stem cell therapy remained in remission after a year, compared to 55.9% of the placebo arm.
All the patients recruited for the study were resistant to currently used drugs. Cx601 uses off-the-shelf stem cells extracted from fat and injected intralesionally.
The data fit the pattern the biotech touted as it filed for a $57 million IPO. And it marked an uncommon advance for a stem cell therapy--a once-lauded field that has fallen on hard times as treatments either foundered in the clinic or took longer than expected during the frenzy for stem cell treatments a decade ago.
TiGenix is already on the market in Europe (EBR:TIG), where it saw an 8% rise in its share price after the data were released.
The biotech has already filed for a European approval and says it's on track to launch a Phase III program in the U.S. Whether the biotech can raise money on Nasdaq, with low-profile biotechs as well as stem cell therapies out of favor with investors, remains to be seen. TiGenix has a follow-up stem cell program in the clinic for severe sepsis.
- here's the release
Bluebird's gene therapy helps some beta-thalassemia patients
Fifteen of the 22 patients in a gene therapy trial no longer needed transfusions, while the remainder needed fewer transfusions.
by Amirah Al Idrus Apr 19, 2018 10:58am
Argos abandons kidney cancer vaccine after phase 3 fail
Argos Therapeutics is ending its kidney cancer trial and mulling options, including a merger or sale, to stay alive.
CNS Pharma turns to crowdfunding for glioblastoma drug
CNS Pharma says berubicin is the first anthracycline drug to cross the blood-brain barrier and could transform treatment of the highly invasive brain tumor.
by Phil Taylor Apr 19, 2018 10:46am


How do I Repair a Door Myself?
Q: Our front door drags the sill and is hard to open. Can we fix this ourselves?
Purchase 3"-4" wood screws with a head that'll fit your hinges. Remove one screw from the top hinge on your door and replace it with a longer screw, going through the jamb and into the doorway framing behind the jamb. Snug this new screw up and then slowly continue to tighten it while testing your door. If this is able to pull your door hinge a bit tighter, your door will drag less. Make small adjustments and test, repeat until corrected. Do this on additional hinges as required.


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Jeff Morgan Joins National Board of Tee It Up for the Troops
Alexandria, VA – Club Managers Association of America and The Club Foundation Chief Executive Officer Jeff Morgan, FASAE, CAE, has been invited to join the Board of Directors for Tee It Up for the Troops for a three-year term. Tee It Up for the Troops is a non-profit organization committed to honor, respect, remember, and support all those who serve(d) in the Armed Forces for the United States.
Since October 1, 2014, Morgan has served as the Chief Executive Officer of the Club Managers Association of America (CMAA) and The Club Foundation (CF). He is an association executive who has held various executive management positions in trade and professional associations for more than 25 years. A Pennsylvania native, Morgan holds a bachelor's degree in Business with a focus on finance and technology from Susquehanna University and a master of science in nonprofit management. Morgan is a Certified Association Executive and a member and Fellow of the American Society of Association Executives.
CMAA and CF have been longtime contributors and supporters to Tee It Up for the Troops. Since 2008, The Club Foundation has donated more than $128,000 to support its mission. Individually, many CMAA members have hosted TIUFTT fundraising events at their clubs around the country, as profiled in Club Management magazine.
Tim Wegscheid, Tee It Up for the Troops President and Executive Director, shared: "We are pleased to add Jeff to our organization and are confident that his skills, areas of expertise, and significant connections will make us a stronger organization as we strive to honor and support America's military heroes!"
Jeff Morgan, FASAE, CAE, added "I'm honored to share my talents to benefit this great organization and help to further the mission to honor, remember, respect, and support all those who serve(d) in the Armed Forces for our great nation."
CMAA and The Club Foundation – Melissa Low, melissa.low@cmaa.org
Tee It Up for the Troops – Tim Wegscheid, tim@teeitupforthetroops.org
About CMAA and The Club Foundation
The Club Managers Association of America (CMAA) is the largest professional association for managers of membership clubs with 6,800 members throughout the US and internationally. Our managers lead more than 2,500 country, golf, athletic, city, faculty, military, town, and yacht clubs. The objectives of the association are to promote relationships between club management professionals and other similar professions; to encourage the education and advancement of members; and to provide the resources needed for club managers to operate efficiently and successfully. CMAA is headquartered in Alexandria, VA, with 43 professional chapters and more than 45 student chapters and colonies. Learn more at cmaa.org.
The Club Foundation, a 501(c)(3) organization, was established by CMAA in 1988. The Foundation seeks to fund the life cycle of a club manager's career, providing financial support for five key areas: students, faculty, club managers, CMAA chapters and the club industry at large. It supports the advancement of club management professionals, funding industry education programs through scholarships and grants. Learn more at clubfoundation.org.
CategoriesNews, Uncategorized
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Home » Cruise Lines' Restrictions on Smoking Fall Dangerously Short
Cruise Lines' Restrictions on Smoking Fall Dangerously Short
By Jim Walker on August 11, 2011
Posted in Fires
In the last week there have been a number of articles about certain cruise lines enacting new policies to restrict smoking on their cruise ships.
Yesterday the Miami Herald published an article Cruise Lines Putting Out More "No Smoking" Signs which discussed the policies of some of the cruise lines which have new rules prohibiting smoking in cabins and other areas of the cruise ships.
None of the articles mention passenger safety. Rather the articles focus on the annoyance of passengers arriving in a cabin which had been smoked out by prior guests, or the nuisance of having to smell the smoke of cigarettes drifting into into cabins from adjacent balconies.
The article mentions a new policy by Norwegian Cruise Line ("NCL") which announced that smoking will be banned inside cabins on all of its eleven cruise ships starting in January 2012. However, NCL announced that passengers can still smoke on balconies.
Carnival also announced that smoking is permitted only in dance clubs, jazz clubs, casinos and bars, and certain parts of open decks. Like NCL, Carnival is forbidding smoking in all staterooms across its fleet of cruise ships, but it gives a green light to its passengers to smoke on balconies.
Oh, how these cruise lines forget the lessons of history.
On March 23, 2006, a passenger aboard Princess Cruises' Star Princess cruise ship smoking on a balcony flicked a cigarette overboard, thinking that it would drop innocently into the waters off of the coast of Jamaica. Instead, the burning cigarette was whipped by the winds of the cruise ship, as it proceeded at over 20 knots, into a lower balcony. It came into contact with the highly combustible furniture and partitions on a lower balcony. The cigarette smoldered, then erupted into a nightmarish fire.
Cruise passengers Richard Liffridge (photo above left) and his wife Vicky were asleep peacefully in their cabin. The plastic partitions between the balconies below them were easily combustible. The Princess cruise ship had no fire suppression systems on the balconies of the cruise ship. The fire quickly spread across hundreds of other cabin balconies and then erupted into the cruise ship cabins.
Disoriented and confused, Richard and Vicky tried to crawl out of their cabin, through the cabin hallway. They tried to hold on to one another as they tried to escape the billowing fire as they crawled, scratching across the hallway carpeting seeking safety. Fire sparked and smoke billowed over their heads.
But the smoke and fire separated them as they tried to escape.
Vicki heard Richard moan "Vicky, don't let me die!"
Vicki searched for her husband but was overwhelmed by the smoke and fire. Richard was lost in the darkness and oppressive heat. Vicki was taken to an open deck and treated for smoke inhalation.
Vicki later identified Richard's dead body, covered in soot, resembling a chimney sweep – a far cry from the distinguished, smiling man whose photograph (top left) was taken in a smart suit and tie just the day before.
Vicki and Richard's daughter, Lynnette Hudson, and other family members retained our firm to represent them in a case against Princess Cruises. The case was highly successful, but that's not the point of this article. Rather, the surviving family members demanded that the cruise line take steps to make certain that such a catastrophe never occur again.
P rincess acted quickly to replace the highly combustible balcony wall partitions and furniture on the balconies, and to install fire detectors and fire suppression systems which had never been installed on any cruise ship before.
Ms. Hudson later boarded the cruise ship with us after it had been repaired and inspected the external heat detectors and sprinkler systems which were installed after her father's death.
Ms. Hudson is shown (below) pointing to the heat detectors and sprinklers. Although Princess cruise ships have been retrofitted with sprinkler systems on the cabin's balconies, not all cruise ships sailing today have such safety systems.
Vicki Liffridge and Ms. Hudson later traveled to Washington D.C. to attend a Congressional hearing into the safety of cruise passengers. They requested Congress to enact legislation to protect passengers on cruise ships.
In her Congressional testimony, Ms. Hudson expressed her fear that other families may face the risks of a cruise fire which killed her father:
"CLIA tells us that by the year 2010 twenty million passengers will sail on cruise ships. Visions of these passengers flicking their cigarettes over the rails as unsuspecting passengers are asleep in their cabins, with no fire detectors or sprinklers instantly comes to mind . . . "
Unfortunately, many cruise lines, including Carnival (which is the parent company of Princess Cruises) and NCL have not replaced the easily combustible balcony partitions and installed fire suppression systems on the balconies.
The news today is disappointing. Carnival and NCL still permit smoking on balconies.
A year ago, I wrote an article Ten Years of Cruise Ship Fires – Has the Cruise Industry Learned Anything?
Why would any responsible cruise line not tell the smoke addicts that balconies are strictly off limits for lighting up a smoke?
Has Carnival and NCL learned anything in the past ten years?
Before you take your family on a cruise, ask the cruise line or your local travel agent if the cruise ship has fire suppression systems for the passenger balconies. If not, consider selecting a cruise line which does.
Wall Street Journal: "Cruise Lines Scramble to Replace Fire Hazard – Deadly Blaze Exposed Danger of Plastic Balcony Partitions Used on Dozens of Ships"
LA Times: "Cruise Industry's Dark Waters"
MAIB Report of the Star Princess fire.
Tags: cruise, fire, Fires, ship
Emerald Princess Catches On Fire Out Of Drydock
Smoke But No Fire on the Carnival Sensation?
Three Year Anniversary - Freedom of the Seas Fire
NTSB Report: Maintenance Deficiencies and Poor Training Led to Caribbean Fantasy Fire and Delayed Evacuation
Incinerator Fire on Regal Princess


Everyone's wardrobe consists of denim jackets, vests (yes vests), shorts, Bermuda's, crops, and jeans of each match thinkable. Denim is an important part of the basic wardrobe for everyone. You should look at something called as Plus Sized Boyfriend Jeans which would help you look slim. A favorite outfit for fall would have to be compelled to be an excellent combine of and size dark denim, clean skinny jeans paired with a classic shirt, cardigan, and associate degreed finished off with an awning combination of high heel boots.
This season denim plays an enormous appearance and size fashion and comes in some nice new cuts and designs that you would love. We are looking for some of the best looking styles in jeans.
Wide-legged, garment vogue Denim- The jeans are usually high-waisted and comfortable within the hips. These look good on pear shaped ladies and area unit nice for work. Once buying this style rummages around for classic washes, easy detail, with a shoe-skimming hem. You can also look at the plus size boyfriend jeans to get you comfortable.
Apart from all of this you can try some of the different styles as well to help you look good. Skinny Jean- The dark wash skinny jean is that the good jean to travel from a day-to-night look. Simply throw on a jacket and alter up your accessories and you're able to go from work to a night out with the women. These easy, elegant, legging-like jeans area unit associate degree absolute essential for fall. Once buying the right skinny jean this season, rummage around for a mode that matches well at the waist-line and doesn't offer you a quick bread high. Maybe notice a mode with stretch that may work along with your and size figure. You wish the legs to suit tightly and bunch a trifle at the ankles. This is often however a thin jean ought to look and feel.
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Q: SSIS Derived Column (if then...else) is there a way of replicating the below expression in SSIS Derived Column?
SELECT CASE
           WHEN LEN(column1) > 8
               THEN
                   column1
               ELSE
                   REPLICATE('0', 18 - LEN(column1)) + column1
           END AS column1
FROM myTable

I want to pad the value of column1 with 0 if the lenght of the value is less than 8 character

A: The SSIS expression language supports the ternary operator ? :
(LEN([column1]) > 8) ? column1 : replicate("0", (18 - LEN([column1]))) + [column1]

That expression ought to work but it doesn't because the REPLICATE call is going to provide metadata back stating it's 4k nvarchar characters (the limit). If you're deadset on getting it to work that way, comment and I'll hack the expression to size the output of replicate before concatenating with column1
An easier approach is to just always add 8 leading zeros to the expression and then slice it off from the right.
RIGHT(REPLICATE("0",8) + column1,8)

You might need 18 on the second as your example seemed to use 18 but the concept will be the same.

A: This is an old question, but I had the same question today and the below Derived Column Expression is what worked for me. It doesn't specifically "replicate" the SQL example in the original question (by using "REPLICATE") but I found the below to be a little simpler for padding a value using an SSIS Derived Column in a Data Flow, and it's a good example of a simple "If / Else" statement.
I am padding with 10 zeros because that's what the SQL does in the original question.
(LEN(column1) > 8) ? column1 : ("0000000000" + (column1))

A: Solution is here :
I have taken group as a column from column drop down and then derived these condition .
If group is "Cash Capex" then "Capex" AND where "Internal Opex" OR "External Opex" then "Opex" ELSE "Other".
[`Group] == "Cash Capex" ? "Capex" : ([Group] =="Internal Opex" ? "Opex" :([Group] =="External Opex" ? "Opex":"Other"))`

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Riva is a J46 based in Portland Oregon. She has had an active racing schedule since 2003 with almost annual participation in both the Oregon Offshore and Swiftsure races. She has taken first place trophies numerous times in both races in her division and class. She is also also a three time veteran of the Pacific Cup race from San Francisco to Hawaii in 2006, 2010, and 2016. Welcome back Riva!


Includes self repairing zippers, p/u coating lining and pockets, one large main zippered compartment with pouch and mesh pocket, 3 additional pockets, adjustable padded shoulder straps, padded back with breathable mesh back, and carry handle.
HW heavy weight 600 denier polyester - p.p. Webbing. MOLLE compatible. Heavy duty zippers. Polyurethane coated lining and pockets for water repellency. One large main compartment with zippered pouch and mesh pocket. Three additional pockets and storage compartments. Adjustable padded shoulder straps. Padded back with breathable mesh backing. Top carry handle. Great for school, camping, hunting, back packing, etc. Medium tactical transport pack. Dimensions: One large main compartment with zippered pouch and mesh pocket - 17" X 8.25" X 4.25". Three additional pockets and storage compartments - 16" X 7" X 3.25", 10" X 6.5" X 2.25", 3.5" X 6.5" X 2.25".


SEAMAYER, ERIKA (License# COSMOS00957304) is licensed with Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation (TDLR). The license type is Cosmetology Esthetician. The license expiration date is November 6, 2020.
Please comment or provide details below to improve the information on SEAMAYER, ERIKA.


UN Photo/Evan Schneider: Secretary-General António Guterres delivers remarks on International Labour Day.
This entry was posted in Latest News on January 14, 2019 by Eunice Namugwe.
This entry was posted in Latest News on October 22, 2018 by Eunice Namugwe.
This entry was posted in Latest News on October 18, 2018 by Eunice Namugwe.
This entry was posted in Latest News on October 11, 2018 by Eunice Namugwe.
The United Nations Information Center (UNIC) Pretoria, hosted a dialogue on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on Friday, 28 September 2018, in celebration of Literacy Month. The aim was to raise awareness to UNIC library users about the significance of literacy in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
This entry was posted in Latest News on October 4, 2018 by Eunice Namugwe.


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Q: Writing jest test for chained functions in node.js I have a function i want to test with jest, the function basicly does some token verifying and takes 3 params
this is de code of the function i want to test:
const verifyToken = (req, res, next) => {
    // check header or url parameters or post parameters for token
    var token = req.headers['x-access-token']

    if (!token) return res.status(403).send({ auth: false, message: 'No token provided.' })

    // verifies secret and checks expire date
    jwt.verify(token, config.secret, (err, decoded) => {
        if (err) return res.status(500).send({ auth: false, message: 'Failed to authenticate token.' })

        //put user inside req.user to use the user in other routes
        User.findById(decoded.id, (err, user) => {
            if (err) {
                return res.status(500).json({
                    message: err
                })
            } else if (!user) {
                return res.status(404).json({
                    message: 'No user found'
                })
            } else {
                req.user = user
            }
            next()
        })
    })
}

so i'm writing a first test, which tests if no token is given in de request, that it sends a 403 with a message. following is the test.
const verifyToken = require('../../config/token')

describe('veryfiy token tests', () => {
    it('Should give 403 status when no token is present', () => {
        let mockReq = {
            headers: {}
        }
        var mockRes = {
            status: code => code
            send: message => message
        }

        let nextCalled = false

        let next = () => {
            nextCalled = true
        }

        expect(verifyToken(mockReq, mockRes, next)).toBe(403)
    })
})

Now the test passes with an error:
TypeError: res.status(...).send is not a function
when i removed .send() from res.status in the code, the test passes.
I have been trying to figure out how to mock both status() and send() on the res object. but have not found a solution yet.
Tnx

A: I think the problem is that the result of res.status() does not have a function called send().
Try using this:
  var mockRes = {
    status: code => ({
      send: message => ({code, message})
    }),
  };

You should be able to test with:
  var result = verifyToken(mockReq, mockRes, next);
  expect(result.code).toBeDefined();
  expect(result.code).toBe(403);

PS: Haven't tested the code :)

A: you can make chained mock class and test, wether functions are executed or not.
here is an example.
  class MockResponse {
    constructor() {
    this.res = {};
     }
     status = jest
     .fn()
     .mockReturnThis()
     .mockImplementationOnce((code) => {
       this.res.code = code;
      return this;
     });
    send = jest
    .fn()
    .mockReturnThis()
    .mockImplementationOnce((message) => {
      this.res.message = message;
      return this;
    });
    }

and now use this mock class to test. and check given function has executed with given result or not.
example like
  it("should not call next function, and return 401, if token has not been found", async () => {
      let res = new MockResponse(); // here i initialised instance of class
      let  next = jest.fn();
      let req = {cookies:""} // header or cookies where you are receiving token here in my case empty.
       await authentication(req, res, next); // here i used my mock res class
      expect(next).not.toHaveBeenCalled(); // you must check that next will not be called.
      expect(res.status).toHaveBeenCalledWith(401);//you can check result of status
      expect(res.send).toHaveBeenCalledWith("not authenticated");// send() message in your function
    });


text:
by Sven Verbeek Wolthuys | Jul 11, 2020 | Picture Stories | 0 comments
The northern side of Jalan Teuku Umar (Boulevard Gondangdia) in 1920
Water spraying at the northern end of what was called Boulevard Gondangdia 100 years ago. We recognise the majestic premises of the building company N.V. De Bouwploeg (now the Cut Meutia mosque) which was in transition at the time. In 1920 the Batavia City Council took over all possessions of De Bouwploeg and the company went into liquidation. Although we see the name of N.V. De Bouwploeg still present on all sides of the dome, the other sign halfway the side building says "Traktie en Materieel Staatsspoorwegen" (Traction and Materials State Railways) which occupied part of the building.
Road spraying
The roads in Batavia/Jakarta would only be asphalted as from 1922 hence the unsealed road had to be sprayed regularly during the dry season to avoid it becoming dusty and loose. This was in the 19th and early 20th centuries still a manual job conducted by men with two watering cans but by 1920 specific motorised vehicles were used to carry out this job.
Road name changes
The road name would change into Van Heutszboulevard in 1924, the year that the former Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (1904-1909) passed away. In July 1950 it was changed into its current name Jalan Teuku Umar. In front of the Bouwploeg building we see the boom gates of the train line between the stations Gondangdia and Tjikini/Cikini. If standing on the same spot today one would not see that many changes, apart from the fact that the train line was elevated in 1992 to avoid traffic congestion and now runs 10 metres above ground level and partly blocks the view of the former Bouwploeg office. If the photographer would turn around he would see the Kunstkring building which was opened in 1914 and still exists today too.


Ladies flower 18k white gold hand made diamond broche.
18k white gold beautiful flower design. Fully set round cut prong set diamonds. It measures 3" in length and 2" width. Best quality 14.77 ct. tw. diamonds features F color and VVS clarity.


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Korth (Metropolis, 85,500): The city of Korth has served as Karrnath's capital since before the days of the kingdom of Galifar. Some of its buildings date back to the earliest human settlements; many others were built during the great expansion that marked the middle period of Galifar I's reign. The Korth skyline rises along the southern shore of the Karrn River, with the dense Nightwood to the east of the city gates. The high walls of Crownhome, the hereditary home of Karrnath's royal family, rise atop King's Hill in the Highcourt Ward of the city. Another prominent structure, the Cathedral of the Sovereign Host, fills a sizable piece of real estate in the Temple Ward and has shrines dedicated to the entire pantheon.
In general, the style of the city is heavy and symmetrical, with blocks set forth in a grid or radiating out from
a central plaza. It almost appears as a dim gray graveyard, with the buildings jutting up like sombre tombstones. The militaristic influence that infuses all of Karrnath society permeates Korth and helps define the monolithic appearance of the buildings and decorative features such as monuments, obelisks, and tombs.
Five wards make up greater Korth, and each ward has its own personality. These wards are named Highcourt, Temple, Commerce, Community, and Low District. While each ward consists of living space, markets, and other city necessities, each concentrates on an aspect of city life and is built to accommodate that aspect.
Highcourt Ward
The Highcourt Ward houses most of the government departments, as well as the halls of the royal family and some of the more affluent noble families. King Kaius 3 makes his bed here in Crownhome the royal estate.
Temple Ward
The Temple Ward features winding streets dedicated to the many religions of Khorvaire; everything from small shrines to giant cathedrals can be found here, and some representative of even the most obscure cult probably finds a location to preach from within the walls of this ward.
Cathedral of the Sovereign Host is within the temple ward.
Commerce Ward
The Commerce Ward presents businesses of all types and provides space for the enclaves of all the dragonmarked houses; supply and demand come together inside this sprawling ward.
Community Ward
The Community Ward is the most residential ward in Korth, providing housing for the middle class.
Low District
The Low District is a dangerous maze of narrow streets from which the poor and the destitute attempt to eke out an existence. The criminal element has a firm hold on the Low District, using its twisting warrens as a hiding place and somewhere from which to conduct business best done in the shadows.
The majority of the book The Darkwood Mask takes place here in Korth.
Crownhome
Cathedral of the Sovereign Host
Arkenen Glass - A renowned glassworks factory.
King Kaius 3
Песочница Закулисья
PEMARF
Princípios de Evolução Molecular Aplicados à Reconstrução Filogenética


Handle with spring for holding rings.
Accessory for working with Vivacolor or the pen-plating unit type Picco+. Each ring can be hold safely and therefore it can be plated easily without causing any faults.


text:
Web Services CXF User Guide
3. Server Side Integration Customization
4. WS Addressing
4.1. Using JAX-WS for enabling WS-Addressing
4.1.1. Using CXF proprietary WSAddressingFeature
5. Addressing Tutorial
5.1. Turning on WS-Addressing 1.0
6. WS-Reliable Messaging
7. Using WS-Reliable Messaging
8. WS-Reliable Messaging Tutorial
8.1. Generating WSDL and JAX-WS Endpoint Artifacts
8.2. Generating JAX-WS Client Artifacts
8.3. Turning on WS-RM 1.0
9. WS Policy Framework
9.1. Using The Policies Feature
9.2. Specifying the Location of External Attachments
10. WS-Security
10.1. Overview of Encryption and Signing
11. WSS4J security on JBoss
11.1. Creating the web service endpoint
11.2. Turn on WS-Security
11.2.1. Package and deploy
11.3. WS-Security Policies
11.4. Authentication
11.4.1. Java Authentication and Authorization Service
11.5. Further Information
11.5.1. Samples
11.5.2. Username/password configuration
11.5.3. Crypto Algorithms
12. SOAP Message Logging
12.1. Debugging Tools
Chapter 10. WS-Security
WS-Security provides the means to secure your services beyond transport level protocols such as HTTPS. Through a number of standards such as XML-Encryption, and headers defined in the WS-Security standard, it allows you to:
Pass authentication tokens between services.
Encrypt messages or parts of messages.
Sign messages.
Timestamp messages.
Currently, CXF implements WS-Security by integrating WSS4J. To use the integration, you'll need to configure these interceptors and add them to your service or client respectively.
WS-Security makes heavy use of public and private key cryptography. It is helpful to understand these basics to really understand how to configure WS-Security. With public key cryptography, a user has a pair of public and private keys. These are generated using a large prime number and a key function.
The keys are related mathematically, but cannot be derived from one another. With these keys we can encrypt messages. For example, if Bob wants to send a message to Alice, he can encrypt a message using her public key. Alice can then decrypt this message using her private key. Only Alice can decrypt this message as she is the only one with the private key.
Messages can also be signed. This allows you to ensure the authenticity of the message. If Alice wants to send a message to Bob, and Bob wants to be sure that it is from Alice, Alice can sign the message using her private key. Bob can then verify that the message is from Alice by using her public key.


After parsley, rosemary, basil and thyme, sage is the next more popular herb that is a culinary favorite and its health benefits.
For centuries, sage or salvia officinalis (which means 'to save'), is regarded for its medicinal benefit and culinary uses. Member of the mint family of plants, sage is closely related to rosemary thus, almost all of rosemary's health and culinary benefits can also be found in sage.
Being a member of the mint family of plants, sage emits warm and musky fragrance that are best in dressing turkey.
Sage is native in the Mediterranean and the Balkan regions. Some of the best known types of sage are common sage, garden sage, golden sage, kitchen sage, pineapple sage, true sage, culinary sage, dalmatian sage, and broadleaf sage.
With its ability for medicinal benefit, sage was given a special ceremony by the Greeks and the Romans.
Arabs believed that eating sage will grant immortality.
Early Europeans used sage to ward off witchcraft.
Sage has gray-green edible leaves and its flowers are blue, purple, white and pink.
In the older times, sage medicinal use range from curing gastrointestinal discomfort to helping ease mental disorders.
Sage is a natural antiseptic.
It has a natural bacteria-killing abilities in meat.
Used in muscle aches, rheumatism and aromatherapy.
Sage's volatile oils contain phenolic flavonoids apigenin, luteolin, diosmetin, rosemarinic acid, ketones, a-B thujone which helps to enhance memory and mental clarity.
Sage is useful in treating patients suffering from Alzheimer's.
Sage also help to ease depression.
Sage has compounds that fight inflammation, asthma and atherosclerosis.
This herb is rich in Vitamin K.
Sage is a great source of Vitamin A, Vitamin B, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, folate, copper, calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese, folic acid, thiamin, pyridoxine and riboflavin.
Sage helps protect body's cells from damage caused by free radicals.
Lower blood sugar and cholesterol perfect for the diabetics.
Strengthens our body's immune system.
Sage is antifungal and antimicrobial.
Sage is use to cure some skin conditions like eczema, psoriasis and acne.


text:
Legal space for syringe exchange programs in hot spots of injection drug use-related crime
Sean Travis Allen, Monica S. Ruiz, Jeff Jones, Monique M. Turner
Background: Copious evidence indicates that syringe exchange programs (SEPs) are effective structural interventions for HIV prevention among persons who inject drugs (PWID). The efficacy of SEPs in supporting the public health needs of PWID populations is partially dependent on their accessibility and consistent utilization among injectors. Research has shown that SEP access is an important predictor of PWID retention at SEPs, yet policies exist that may limit the geographic areas where SEP operations may legally occur. Since 2000 in the District of Columbia (DC), SEP operations have been subject to the 1000 Foot Rule (§48-1121), a policy that prohibits the distribution of "any needle or syringe for the hypodermic injection of any illegal drug in any area of the District of Columbia which is within 1000 feet of a public or private elementary or secondary school (including a public charter school)." The 1000 Foot Rule may impede SEP services in areas that are in urgent need for harm reduction services, such as locations where injections are happening in "real time" or where drugs are purchased or exchanged. We examined the effects of the 1000 Foot Rule on SEP operational space in injection drug use (IDU)-related crime (i.e., heroin possession or distribution) hot spots from 2000 to 2010. Methods: Data from the DC Metropolitan Police Department were used to identify IDU-related crime hot spots. School operation data were matched to a dataset that described the approximate physical property boundaries of land parcels. A 1000-ft buffer was applied to all school property boundaries. The overlap between the IDU-related crime hot spots and the school buffer zones was calculated by academic year. Results: When overlaying the land space associated with IDU-related crime hot spots on the maps of school boundaries per the 1000-ft buffer zone stipulation, we found that the majority of land space in these locations was ineligible for legal SEP operations. More specifically, the ineligible space in the identified hot spots in each academic year ranged from 51.93 to 88.29 % of the total hot spot area. Conclusions: The removal of the 1000 Foot Rule could significantly improve the public health of PWID via increased access to harm reduction services. Buffer zone policies that restrict SEP operational space negatively affect the provision of harm reduction services to PWID.
Harm Reduction Journal
Needle-Exchange Programs
Buffer zone policies
Syringe exchange programs
Allen, S. T., Ruiz, M. S., Jones, J., & Turner, M. M. (2016). Legal space for syringe exchange programs in hot spots of injection drug use-related crime. Harm Reduction Journal, 13(1), [16]. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-016-0104-3
Legal space for syringe exchange programs in hot spots of injection drug use-related crime. / Allen, Sean Travis; Ruiz, Monica S.; Jones, Jeff; Turner, Monique M.
In: Harm Reduction Journal, Vol. 13, No. 1, 16, 01.01.2016.
Allen, ST, Ruiz, MS, Jones, J & Turner, MM 2016, 'Legal space for syringe exchange programs in hot spots of injection drug use-related crime', Harm Reduction Journal, vol. 13, no. 1, 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-016-0104-3
Allen ST, Ruiz MS, Jones J, Turner MM. Legal space for syringe exchange programs in hot spots of injection drug use-related crime. Harm Reduction Journal. 2016 Jan 1;13(1). 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-016-0104-3
Allen, Sean Travis ; Ruiz, Monica S. ; Jones, Jeff ; Turner, Monique M. / Legal space for syringe exchange programs in hot spots of injection drug use-related crime. In: Harm Reduction Journal. 2016 ; Vol. 13, No. 1.
@article{c5c6433e4e854b508d8b6804d2208e69,
title = "Legal space for syringe exchange programs in hot spots of injection drug use-related crime",
abstract = "Background: Copious evidence indicates that syringe exchange programs (SEPs) are effective structural interventions for HIV prevention among persons who inject drugs (PWID). The efficacy of SEPs in supporting the public health needs of PWID populations is partially dependent on their accessibility and consistent utilization among injectors. Research has shown that SEP access is an important predictor of PWID retention at SEPs, yet policies exist that may limit the geographic areas where SEP operations may legally occur. Since 2000 in the District of Columbia (DC), SEP operations have been subject to the 1000 Foot Rule (§48-1121), a policy that prohibits the distribution of {"}any needle or syringe for the hypodermic injection of any illegal drug in any area of the District of Columbia which is within 1000 feet of a public or private elementary or secondary school (including a public charter school).{"} The 1000 Foot Rule may impede SEP services in areas that are in urgent need for harm reduction services, such as locations where injections are happening in {"}real time{"} or where drugs are purchased or exchanged. We examined the effects of the 1000 Foot Rule on SEP operational space in injection drug use (IDU)-related crime (i.e., heroin possession or distribution) hot spots from 2000 to 2010. Methods: Data from the DC Metropolitan Police Department were used to identify IDU-related crime hot spots. School operation data were matched to a dataset that described the approximate physical property boundaries of land parcels. A 1000-ft buffer was applied to all school property boundaries. The overlap between the IDU-related crime hot spots and the school buffer zones was calculated by academic year. Results: When overlaying the land space associated with IDU-related crime hot spots on the maps of school boundaries per the 1000-ft buffer zone stipulation, we found that the majority of land space in these locations was ineligible for legal SEP operations. More specifically, the ineligible space in the identified hot spots in each academic year ranged from 51.93 to 88.29 {\%} of the total hot spot area. Conclusions: The removal of the 1000 Foot Rule could significantly improve the public health of PWID via increased access to harm reduction services. Buffer zone policies that restrict SEP operational space negatively affect the provision of harm reduction services to PWID.",
keywords = "Access, Buffer zone policies, Harm reduction, People who inject drugs, Syringe exchange programs",
author = "Allen, {Sean Travis} and Ruiz, {Monica S.} and Jeff Jones and Turner, {Monique M.}",
journal = "Harm Reduction Journal",
T1 - Legal space for syringe exchange programs in hot spots of injection drug use-related crime
AU - Allen, Sean Travis
AU - Ruiz, Monica S.
AU - Jones, Jeff
AU - Turner, Monique M.
N2 - Background: Copious evidence indicates that syringe exchange programs (SEPs) are effective structural interventions for HIV prevention among persons who inject drugs (PWID). The efficacy of SEPs in supporting the public health needs of PWID populations is partially dependent on their accessibility and consistent utilization among injectors. Research has shown that SEP access is an important predictor of PWID retention at SEPs, yet policies exist that may limit the geographic areas where SEP operations may legally occur. Since 2000 in the District of Columbia (DC), SEP operations have been subject to the 1000 Foot Rule (§48-1121), a policy that prohibits the distribution of "any needle or syringe for the hypodermic injection of any illegal drug in any area of the District of Columbia which is within 1000 feet of a public or private elementary or secondary school (including a public charter school)." The 1000 Foot Rule may impede SEP services in areas that are in urgent need for harm reduction services, such as locations where injections are happening in "real time" or where drugs are purchased or exchanged. We examined the effects of the 1000 Foot Rule on SEP operational space in injection drug use (IDU)-related crime (i.e., heroin possession or distribution) hot spots from 2000 to 2010. Methods: Data from the DC Metropolitan Police Department were used to identify IDU-related crime hot spots. School operation data were matched to a dataset that described the approximate physical property boundaries of land parcels. A 1000-ft buffer was applied to all school property boundaries. The overlap between the IDU-related crime hot spots and the school buffer zones was calculated by academic year. Results: When overlaying the land space associated with IDU-related crime hot spots on the maps of school boundaries per the 1000-ft buffer zone stipulation, we found that the majority of land space in these locations was ineligible for legal SEP operations. More specifically, the ineligible space in the identified hot spots in each academic year ranged from 51.93 to 88.29 % of the total hot spot area. Conclusions: The removal of the 1000 Foot Rule could significantly improve the public health of PWID via increased access to harm reduction services. Buffer zone policies that restrict SEP operational space negatively affect the provision of harm reduction services to PWID.
AB - Background: Copious evidence indicates that syringe exchange programs (SEPs) are effective structural interventions for HIV prevention among persons who inject drugs (PWID). The efficacy of SEPs in supporting the public health needs of PWID populations is partially dependent on their accessibility and consistent utilization among injectors. Research has shown that SEP access is an important predictor of PWID retention at SEPs, yet policies exist that may limit the geographic areas where SEP operations may legally occur. Since 2000 in the District of Columbia (DC), SEP operations have been subject to the 1000 Foot Rule (§48-1121), a policy that prohibits the distribution of "any needle or syringe for the hypodermic injection of any illegal drug in any area of the District of Columbia which is within 1000 feet of a public or private elementary or secondary school (including a public charter school)." The 1000 Foot Rule may impede SEP services in areas that are in urgent need for harm reduction services, such as locations where injections are happening in "real time" or where drugs are purchased or exchanged. We examined the effects of the 1000 Foot Rule on SEP operational space in injection drug use (IDU)-related crime (i.e., heroin possession or distribution) hot spots from 2000 to 2010. Methods: Data from the DC Metropolitan Police Department were used to identify IDU-related crime hot spots. School operation data were matched to a dataset that described the approximate physical property boundaries of land parcels. A 1000-ft buffer was applied to all school property boundaries. The overlap between the IDU-related crime hot spots and the school buffer zones was calculated by academic year. Results: When overlaying the land space associated with IDU-related crime hot spots on the maps of school boundaries per the 1000-ft buffer zone stipulation, we found that the majority of land space in these locations was ineligible for legal SEP operations. More specifically, the ineligible space in the identified hot spots in each academic year ranged from 51.93 to 88.29 % of the total hot spot area. Conclusions: The removal of the 1000 Foot Rule could significantly improve the public health of PWID via increased access to harm reduction services. Buffer zone policies that restrict SEP operational space negatively affect the provision of harm reduction services to PWID.
KW - Access
KW - Buffer zone policies
KW - Harm reduction
KW - People who inject drugs
KW - Syringe exchange programs
JO - Harm Reduction Journal
JF - Harm Reduction Journal


Portie incienso uit Chiapas México mogelijk bestellen via online!! Copal is a name given to tree resin from the copal tree Protium copal (Burseraceae) that is particularly identified with the aromatic resins used by the cultures of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica as ceremonially burned incense and other purposes. More generally, the term copal describes resinous substances in an intermediate stage of polymerization and hardening between "gummier" resins and amber.


text:
Sweden and the Baltic
Sweden and the Baltic Coast
Subtitles Found! We found subtitles for the program Sweden and the Baltic. Please scroll down to get them, or go here for a preview
Coast visits Sweden and explores the British connections to this stunning shore on the edge of the Baltic Sea. Nick Crane's journey starts at the High Coast.
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Welcome to the Baltic Sea,
0:00:16 0:00:18
and the sublime shoreline of Sweden.
For centuries, Britons have charted a course to this glorious coast
for its treasure trove of riches.
From bustling capital to sleepy village,
the sea is in the soul of the Swedes.
The Baltic weaves its way around the myriad of inviting isles.
Britain is an island nation, but Sweden is a nation of islands,
the coast runs deep in their soul.
They come here to let their hair down, to unleash their inner Viking.
And now we're here to meet the Swedes.
To investigate the last days of sail, Dick reaches dizzying new heights.
It's a very long way up. Now I know why I didn't join the Navy.
Timber! Alice learns how Sweden keeps Britain's builders beaming.
So much for a forest being an oasis of calm,
this one's absolutely deafening.
Mark's aboard the world's most stunning shipwreck.
This is the Tutankhamen of maritime archaeology.
And I toast farewell to summer.
-ALL:
-Skol!
Swedish style.
This is Coast and beyond.
Sweden, a country in love with its coast.
An elegant capital built on the water dances to the rhythms
of the sea.
For centuries Britons have been partners the Swedes in a love-affair with their shore.
From the island that inspired ABBA,
to a mysterious connection between Britain's Highlands
and Sweden's high coast - we're all linked to this majestic landscape.
Long before the flat-pack furniture boom, we came here for wood to build our houses.
And Swedish iron was at the cutting edge of our Industrial Revolution.
Like us, the Swedes treasure island life,
a land of adventure with a wild spirit.
We're in search of our bonds with a people who know how to party.
THEY SING
We've crossed to the Baltic Sea for an adventure along Sweden's shore.
Our destination is Stockholm,
but we begin at Hogbonden in the wild north.
The Swedes call this their "High Coast".
I'm on Hogbonden,
a rocky outpost on the edge of a vast Nordic wilderness.
Europe doesn't get much more isolated than this.
And what splendid isolation it is.
In winter, few venture this far north, but in the long,
light days of summer, Swedes head to their High Coast.
Hello there.
Oh, hi.
This is absolutely wonderful, isn't it?
Now I've heard that Sweden can be quite cold in winter but now
it's warm, it's sunny, is this when you come out of hibernation?
We love the summer. It's the feeling of freedom, it's lots to do
by the sea, we go to the beaches, we go out into nature, we take saunas.
Sauna?! I've only just arrived and we're about to strip off!
Still, the picturesque steam house is irresistible.
Not sure I like the look of the plunge pool, though.
Last year the sea between here and the mainland froze solid.
Fortunately, it's summer now. Looks deceptively blissful, doesn't it?
Time to get changed.
It's hot up here.
My specs are going to start melting soon.
It's a matter of humidity. You can put some beer on the stones
and get a nice smell, and raise the temperature to about 70 degrees.
And then I guess there's a...
Now you can smell the hoppy smell.
Well, yes, you can smell it first being on top.
Aah, it's a kind of beer massage. Wonderful.
After steaming in alcohol a sobering experience awaits,
we're 350 miles further north than Aberdeen, this will be chilly.
Ahhh! Oooh.
I'm turning into a human iceberg. I am getting out.
Well, I have had my ritual sauna and dip in the Baltic,
and I feel suitably Swedish, ready for an epic journey.
When the Swedes aren't in the Baltic Sea, they're either on it,
or they're beside it.
From north to south, this coast is peppered with islands,
a paradise of private hideaways.
The Isle of Viggso was the perfect refuge for a world famous pop group.
Hi, my name is Ingmarie Halling.
# Waterloo
# Couldn't escape if I wanted to... #
Back in the '70s I used to do make-up
and hair for a group called ABBA.
# Promise to love you for evermore... #
Here comes this band dressed in costumes that no-one had ever seen before, they were really crazy.
During these hectic tours they did, they really needed a place to be,
a place to hide out, so they found this place called Viggso,
a gorgeous place, and this is where they could be, just hanging out, drive around
with their boat, swimming and fishing and having a good time.
Not doing anything in particular. We're good at that, just being.
# Knowing me knowing you, ah-ha... #
A lot of good inspiration came from this island.
This little writing hut, which belongs to Bjorn,
was a good place for them to sit and find the songs.
# Knowing me knowing you it's the best I can do... #
So welcome to this little famous house out on Viggso,
the writing hut.
There used to be a little piano here,
that's what they needed to be able to write songs like Dancing Queen.
Well, back in the '70s, the trees weren't this high.
No matter what this is a very inspirational view, even today I think, it's great.
# You can dance
# You can jive
# Having the time of your life
# Ooh-ooh
# See that girl
# Watch that scene
# Digging the dancing queen... #
We're travelling along the edge of the Baltic Sea,
heading down Sweden's coast making for Stockholm.
But I can't resist stopping off to explore the "High Coast".
These highlands don't just resemble Scotland, there's a mystery
locked in this landscape that links the Swedes to the Scots.
Cliffs, headlands, islands, pretty villages, the Hugge Kusten -
the High Coast - is everything I could have hoped for.
It's wonderfully picturesque, but there's more to it than
meets the eye - this shoreline is on the move, rising from the sea.
This coast is lifting upward at a rate of nearly one centimetre a year.
Within a few generations the coast has risen up,
cutting off villagers from the sea and turning bays into lakes.
At the peak of a mountain there's the highest beach in the world.
286 metres above the water and still rising.
To unravel this geological puzzle, I'm crossing one of the largest
boulder fields on Earth, down to sea level to meet park ranger Millie Lundstedt.
What a wonderful beach, it's got these typical wave-smoothed boulders
-on it, hasn't it, worn by the action of the water.
-Yes, so rounded.
Here you have a really nice stone.
That's a classic example, isn't it?
This is a huge beach, it goes back such a long way.
I'm taking my smooth, sea-worn rock to compare it
with the stones further inland, pebbles of an ancient shoreline, left stranded as the ground rose up.
And you can feel that this is like an older beach, you can see the...
the likeness between those stones.
It's smooth, rounded.
So this one too came off a beach?
Yeah, they're both beach stones actually, but several thousand years ago.
Heading away from the coast, we're still striding over the old sea bed. Odd.
This beach is going on for ever.
We've been walking for at least
15 minutes since we left.
How far up this cliff did the water used to come?
Well, actually the water, the sea was covered whole of this cliff.
You're kidding? This was completely underwater?
Yeah, it was completely underwater.
To reach the only land that wasn't once at the bottom of the sea,
we've got to climb a mountain, a ride to the highest beach in the world in style.
-Great.
-This is the strangest trip to the seaside I've ever taken.
It's really nice to take a ride, no?
To see why this land's rising, we're taking a trip back to 20,000 years ago.
Then Scotland and Sweden were covered in ice, the frozen straightjacket
over Sweden's High Coast was two miles thick, pressing down on the Earth.
When the ice melted, that weight lifted, and this landscape started to spring back upwards.
Because the ice was so thick here, northern Sweden's now rising almost six times faster than Scotland.
These hills grow about a centimetre a year, but once the peaks were at sea level, surrounded by water.
So we're about to land on top of a former island.
Exactly, 9,600 years ago actually.
Strange sensation.
What an enormous view here.
Islands, peninsulas,
forests, little village down there, it's actually beautiful, isn't it,
but what did this all look like 10,000 years ago?
If we were standing exactly here for 10,000 years ago, we're actually standing on a beach.
-Right here?
-Yes, on the highest shore line in the world actually, and when
you look out you see the sea and small islands, a few of them only.
Which have become the tops of mountains now.
Yeah, exactly, because of the land uplift.
And how much does it come up in total, where we are now?
Well, from the sea level today and what we're standing today is 286 metres, and we're still rising.
This landscape is still recovering from the Ice Age.
These hills really are alive, springing upwards from the sea.
We're standing on the bounciest beach in the world.
Yes! Correct!
The Baltic is a curious sea all round.
It's almost landlocked, more of a lake really.
Rivers pour fresh water into the Baltic diluting the seawater.
Because it's not very salty, unlike the seas off Britain, it ices up.
For months, much of the Baltic is frozen so Sweden employs a fleet of icebreakers.
They forge on through the almost endless winter nights, keeping the Baltic Sea open for trade.
For centuries, they've been shipping one of Sweden's greatest
natural resources to Britain from the port of Sundsvall.
In a nearby forest, Alice is exploring why there's more to Swedish timber than flat pack furniture.
In the second half of the 19th century, Britain was Sweden's biggest customer
so, if you live in a Victorian house,
there's a very good chance that the beams and floorboards
are made of Swedish timber, just like this.
From the forests, logs were floated down rivers to saw mils that used to line the coast.
Swedish exports provided the planks, the pit props and railway sleepers for Britain's industrial boom.
And we still want these trees.
They grow slowly in the cold climate, making the timber strong.
HARVESTER WHIRS
So much for a forest being an oasis of calm, this one's absolutely deafening.
And it's incredible watching the speed and the scale of
this destruction, but it's sustainable. This forest is being
cleared this year, and in a couple of years, it'll be re-planted.
Felling 100 trees an hour, the high-tech harvester cuts the precise lengths ordered by the saw mill.
Today it's for doorframes and decking, much of it heading our way.
Back on the coast, the log pile grows to feed the automated production line.
Only a few people are needed to transform a forest into cut timber.
It's extraordinary. We're looking out at an ocean of logs.
Yeah, you know this is a pretty large mill,
so we will process around 1,000 logs per hour, so
all the logs you will see here will be consumed in one and a half weeks.
Half of the output of this mill is for export to the UK.
So within the space of just a couple of weeks, a tree that was one standing in a Swedish forest
can be brought here, converted into sawn timber, and loaded onto a ship bound for Britain,
to end up perhaps in a builder's merchant somewhere near you.
Sweden's east coast is a wild frontier. People cling on as best they can.
Rare white-tailed sea eagles hunt along these unspoilt shores.
Heat stored in the sea during summer keeps the coast
relatively warm in winter, making it attractive to animals.
Like the moose.
In the frozen north, scientists are studying how moose head seawards when the temperature drops.
My name is Goran Ericsson, I'm a professor in wildlife ecology, and one of my topics is studying moose
above the Arctic Circle here in Sweden.
Above the Arctic Circle is very few roads, there's rough country, lot of mountains, lot of creeks,
and of course we do the field work from ground, but instead of
walking for a couple of weeks, we use a helicopter for a couple of hours.
HELICOPTER WHIRS
When winter comes there will be three or four feet of snow, so then
it's a real hostile environment, so quite many of the moose will leave this area and start the migration
towards the coast.
Look, look at the female trotting to the right.
She has a calf behind her. They haven't spotted us as yet, so we're safe here.
There comes the big bull, taking it slowly,
following in the scent of the female to see what's happening here.
During winter time we put collars on the animals, and the collar units
are a combination between a GPS and a cellphone, that's transmitted via link out to our computers.
This is one of the ones we use in research.
He is about six years old. He's probably in his prime age.
I would estimate that he's about 700-800 kilos.
The reason they load up fat is as an energy resource that they can sustain and survive in winter,
but it also helps them to conserve the heat, so they're easily handling minus 35, minus 45 Celsius.
The river valleys and drains are extremely important.
They will funnel the moose from the mountains towards the coast.
The environment is hostile, there's not so much food.
If you move out from the mountainous areas
to the coast they will be less cold, and there is probably more food for them.
What a great day. Wow!
Continuing my Swedish journey,
I'm heading for the remote Hornslandet Peninsula.
They've been catching salmon and herring in the waters off Hornslandet since the Iron Age.
An ancient tradition is preserved behind the fishermen's huts, with a strange spiral of stones.
For centuries they've practised a mysterious pagan ritual here.
Fishermen are a superstitious lot, and this labyrinth
is one of their sacred places.
It probably dates from the centuries when Hornslandet
was still an island,
and fishermen used to walk the stone maze to bring them good luck
on their fishing expeditions to ensure big catches out at sea.
But the fishermen didn't just rely on a pagan god for a decent catch.
This weathered timber chapel has been standing on this stony beach for over 200 years.
Generations of pious fishing families have passed through this very simple sanctuary.
Very quiet and calm, bit like a ship in dry dock.
We're leaving Swedish mainland behind, travelling some 60 miles
offshore to a group of rocky outcrops, the Aland Islands.
There's an extraordinary story that links these small isles not only with Britain, but Australia too.
An unlikely seafaring connection between the British Empire and Aland has brought Dick here to explore.
In summer Aland's hundreds of tiny islands attract Scandinavian holidaymakers by the boatload.
Charting a course around these rocky isles is tricky for skippers today,
but 150 years ago without navigation aids, it was treacherous.
So this pilot station was built when Aland began to emerge as a rising power in the Baltic Sea trade.
SHIP HORN BLARES
There were four pilots stationed here,
and it was the job of those guys to ensure the safe passage of the ships
through these rocky outcrops, and there was plenty of traffic to keep them busy.
The Baltic is notorious for its misty moods, and ships, rocks and fog don't mix.
No wonder they invested in a warning system.
Apparently, this is the only operational steam fog horn in the world!
-How's it working?
-Well, we have this engines that is running this air compressor, and now it's pumping
into the tank, and then we got this pressure metre that we can see.
How do you know when it's ready?
When it reach one bar on the red, and then it goes up.
-It's quite close.
-Ten seconds and it will go off.
-Ten seconds?
-Yes.
FOG HORN BLARES
What an amazing noise!
Imagine if you were a fog-bound scared sailor, that must have been music to your ears.
The Aland Isles are home to a proud seafaring people.
Around 90 years ago, one of those merchants hatched
an ambitious plan to plug Aland into the wealth of the British Empire, using some very big boats.
In Mariehamn, one of these mighty ships still rests at anchor.
What a gorgeous vessel.
This was one of the last commercial sailing ships.
She may look like a 19th century relic but this 20th century beauty
held her own against the steamships.
This is the last word in wind-powered transport - the final hurrah of sail.
As late as the 1940s, these vessels still managed to give steamships a run for their money.
The world knew them as windjammers.
And in the days of Empire they connected Britain to Australia.
-NEWSREEL:
-Australia is ready to cast it's bread upon the waters,
mountains of wheat from the outback plains stacked high in Port Victoria, South Australia,
are destined to fill the granaries of the world, under their battened hatches are stacked the wheat cargo,
with which they will race round the stormy Cape Horn in their annual dash to Europe.
South Australia was the start of the grain run, the windjammers' epic voyage to Britain.
It took months to sail the 12,000 miles to Falmouth.
And yet steamships could do the trip to Australia three times faster,
so why bother with these sailing ships?
How did a business built on wind and sail rule the waves for so long?
Henrik, hello!
Permission to come aboard, sir?
-Permission granted, sir.
-I'm meeting maritime historian Henrik Karlsson.
It's the economical principle called "just in time" that we
use today in logistics because
these ships were transporting grain from Australia to the UK or
to Europe, and you could have loaded a steamship very quickly,
like in less than a month but in order to take the grain to the mill,
and make flour of it
it needs to ripen so they used the ship as a storage during the voyage.
So it was good to be slightly slower?
Yes, and the voyage would take at least three months.
They may have been slow, but these boats are more modern than they appear.
The Pommern was built in 1903. Her hull is made of steel just like
a steamship, but this windjammer's hung onto the romance of sail.
It took age-old skills to handle them.
Those timeless traditions of the sea attracted a crew of youthful admirers.
People like Jocelyn Palmer, in search of adventure,
paid for a passage on the last working tall ships.
Jocelyn lived in Australia, but she took the slow boat back to Britain where she'd been born.
We left on 11th March, 1948...
..from Port Victoria
with a full cargo of wheat.
It felt very remote being between South America and the Antarctic.
Huge waves and the ship just sailing through them just like a little yacht in the sea, and we got
so cold and look out for icebergs, because a meeting with an iceberg would be pretty fatal, of course.
The sailing ships were considered something very romantic.
On a moonlight night you could see the sails were snowy white and that creaking of the timbers.
You felt that the ship was alive, and in those days there was no other
shipping there, we were absolutely on our own except for the whales.
Romantic it may have been,
but it was no pleasure cruise for passengers or crew.
You went halfway around the world in these things, so we're talking about the elements, the weather.
It must have been hard to steer.
Oh, yeah. When a wave is hitting the rudder you can feel it
in the steering wheel, and that's why they lashed the people to the wheel.
-Tied on?
-Yeah, well they put the lashing around, across your shoulders so you weren't
swept overboard when a big sea came, you know.
There were also two men at the wheel in strong weather.
One night in the South Atlantic, Jocelyn witnessed the power of the high seas at first hand.
Suddenly heard bang from up on deck and people running around.
Some of the sailors had just blown out, that was why we heard a crack.
The sails were torn, the wind was terrific, it was screaming wind
and cold and it was really very unpleasant.
I think we were more worried about the crew because we knew they had to
get up there and go aloft and take down the damaged sails and put up
fresh sails to get the ship sailing properly again.
Even on a calm day, going aloft is not for the faint-hearted.
It's quite wobbly.
The boat is stationary now, at sea this would be all over the place, and they didn't have harnesses.
Brave men.
Very good. So you're almost on the top of the world.
That is something else.
This feels relatively safe.
If you look at where they were attaching the sail, they've got nothing below them at all.
How do we get down?
THEY LAUGH
For the crew it was a tough and dangerous job, but there was no shortage of volunteers.
I have known many old sailors who started their seafaring life onboard
ships like this, and they all said it was the best time of their life.
Just a fortunate few are left who knew the Windjammers in their pomp.
That great era of sail is passing over the horizon.
Back on the mainland, our journey continues along Sweden's east coast.
Fingers of land poke out into the Baltic Sea.
Islands dot the shoreline.
It's so peaceful here, you can almost hear your own heartbeat.
Odd to think this was once the beating heart of our Industrial Revolution.
Rock from near here helped lay the foundations for modern Britain.
Get it hot enough and this ore releases a metal - iron.
300 years ago, this precious metal was shipped
almost 1,000 miles to the mills of Sheffield and Birmingham.
But why where we coming all this way for iron?
The town of Osterbybruk was well known to Britain's early engineers.
They needed a supply of iron that was pure enough to turn into steel.
In the mid-18th century, this foundry was producing metal of unrivalled purity.
This is the only forge of its kind in the world,
and it's been making a high-quality iron for 350 years.
Not a moment to trip over.
At the start of the Industrial Revolution,
the Swedes had the technology and the premium-grade iron to hammer out a world-beating product.
That was impressive!
Good heavens!
This Swedish iron helped put the "great" in Britain.
As we head further south, we reach the Stockholm Archipelago.
We're about to arrive in the grand coastal capital, Stockholm itself.
A third of this city is water.
Boats and bridges unite settlements, which originally grew up on separate islands.
Stockholm is a city of the sea.
The sea reaches from the heart of the inner city here, all the way out to the wider world.
The power of the sea is written into the DNA of Stockholm and into the psyche of its people.
The elegant buildings of the old town bear witness to Sweden's rich history of trade.
Stockholm's heritage is almost entirely intact
because the city wasn't bombed during the Second World War.
But the Swedes did play a pivotal part in the conflict.
Back in the dark days of the Second World War, the city was alive with intrigue.
Sweden was neutral and Stockholm was open for business with both sides.
The Swedes didn't fight, but they did trade with the Allies and the Nazis,
double-dealing that has Alice intrigued.
I'm on the trail of a rarely-told tale of industrial espionage,
a connection to this coast that was crucial to victory in the Second World War.
The Swedish were the world experts in producing a vital component of
the machinery of war, without which a country's war efforts would have
literally ground to a halt.
Both Germany and Britain desperately needed Swedish ball bearings.
These tiny balls of specially-hardened steel contained within bearings were
the key components allowing moving parts in planes and tanks to rotate and not seize up.
Without ball bearings, weapons production would grind to a halt.
Churchill knew that Britain's future and the freedom of Europe revolved around these steel spheres.
The self-aligning ball bearing was invented by Swedish engineer Sven Wingqvist in 1907.
By the start of the Second World War,
the British depended on the Swedes for their supply of ball bearings.
In the 1940s Sweden was a neutral country caught in a vice between two power blocs.
The Nazis had surrounded Sweden.
The country could still trade but the German stranglehold meant
the Swedes were wary of doing business with the Allies.
Diplomats were sent to Stockholm in a desperate bid to get ball bearings back to Britain.
I'm with war historian Nick Hewitt.
-So, Nick, these are the precious objects.
-Absolutely these are they.
This is the ball inside, this is the bearing,
and that would be used in perhaps a reasonable-sized piece of equipment.
So what was the range of machinery that these ball bearings might have been used in?
Absolutely everything, from radar sets to maybe the joystick of a Spitfire,
and the undercarriage wheels of the same aircraft
go up and down inside the wings. Again you need bearings to do that.
And you think about a turret, and the way that turns around,
you need bearings to do that too,
so you could possibly argue that
you couldn't have won the Battle of Britain without ball bearings.
To keep Britain's weapons production moving, the big guns weighed in to strong-arm
the Swedes into playing ball, and make more of their ball bearings available to the Allies.
This is a telegram, and it's a telegram to
the President of the United States, President Roosevelt, from the Prime Minister Winston Churchill.
These are two of the most powerful men in the world, exchanging communications about ball bearings.
Such a strange story.
And what they're saying is, "Firstly we urgently need to get out of Sweden ball bearings in particular."
And what the British are asking the Americans, what Churchill is asking Roosevelt for, is to apply pressure
using 30,000 tonnes of oil a quarter that the Swedes are getting from the Americans.
If the Swedes refuse to supply the ball bearings, cut off the oil taps.
It's a bargaining tool. It's blackmail and bribery, basically.
Secret deals were struck to buy more ball bearings for Britain.
But to get them out of Sweden, Allied air crews had to fly through Nazi airspace.
As the war progresses, they're being attacked by radar-equipped
German night fighters, which can find them at night and shoot them down.
The only defence they've got is the speed and the altitude they fly.
This rare film shows a top-secret mission to Sweden,
an RAF Mosquito re-painted with civilian markings.
These fighter bombers were converted to carry cargo,
including people strapped in their bomb bay.
But planes alone couldn't bring back enough ball bearings,
and Nazi control of the Baltic Sea lanes seemed absolute.
One man, an unsung hero, thought differently.
There was a remarkable man
-called George Binney.
-Which one is him?
And this is George in the middle with the pipe.
-Right!
-He's a civilian.
He's out here before the war. He's involved in the steel industry,
so he knows Scandinavia, he has the right contacts.
He comes up with an alternative plan, which is to use
fast military patrol boats, known as motor gun boats.
These fast boats had a shallow draft, so they might just skirt over the German mines.
Success would demand courage.
George Binney hand-picked their crews.
Only the most able made the grade, many came from the merchant fleets of Hull.
Young men, mostly single, who might never see home again.
It must have been incredibly dangerous sailing a boat like that through the naval blockades.
Oh, I mean, these are not built for rough weather for a start,
they're prone to mechanical failure, their engines break down a lot, and they're also vulnerable to
the Germans, and two of them are sunk out of five, which is a quite a high attrition rate.
-So these sailors were running huge risks to get the ball bearings out of Sweden.
-Very big risks, yeah.
It's a dangerous covert operation.
Right under the nose of the Nazis, hunted by sea and air,
these brave crews pulled off some of the most vital missions of the war.
It's a sobering thought that Europe's fate once revolved around these bearings,
which kept the machinery of war running on both sides, but it was the bravery of the
Allied airmen and sailors that kept the Swedish supply of ball bearings rolling into Britain.
The Swedes love their coast and its wonderful isles.
Stockholm is part of a vast archipelago.
Thousands of rocky outcrops are scattered far out into the Baltic Sea.
Stockholm has called this their Skargard.
Skar is Old Norse for "small island", so Skargard translates roughly
as "Garden of Islands", and this is some garden.
Little boats ply the water and traditional wooden houses dot the shore.
This is Stockholm's de-pressurisation zone, where city folk come to relax.
I'm here at the end of August, the long winter nights are looming.
So the Swedes celebrate summer while they can, with a party to mark the passing of the season.
A brief return to their Viking roots, and a bit of craziness by throwing a crayfish party.
Every year, they say goodbye to daylight with an outdoor feast.
I've been invited to one by Jessika Gedin, and she's offered to give me
a beginner's guide to throwing a crayfish party.
The upper classes started eating it in the beginning of the 19th century
and everybody tagged along,
and now we have all these traditions with it.
We have the lanterns, the August moon, and you have the singing
and the beer and the Schnapps, and it's...
a bit like Christmas in the end of the summer.
And why do you want to celebrate the end of summer? Why is that such a big deal?
It's not a celebration really, it's sort of a sad festival in a way,
because we've been longing for the light for such a long time.
I mean we spend like six months in complete darkness in Sweden,
so when the summer comes we go like crazy, and this is the last party.
-It's sort of melancholic, but it's fun at the same time.
-Lead on.
Sure. Come on.
It seems drinking and singing matter as much as the crayfish.
Sounds as if the party's already started, Jessica!
THEY SING IN SWEDISH
To get me into the swing, I'm relying on Hans Rosenfeldt.
You can't have a crayfish party without the singing
and you can't really have the singing without the Schnapps,
so that's how it all works together.
The Schnapps is there
just because you sing, and you need every song with a drink.
The song you were singing when we came to sit down, what was that about?
It was actually about Schnapps.
-It was a drinking song?
-Yeah, it was a pure drinking song.
Let's say that everybody has it. If you have a crayfish party, you sing Helan Gar.
-I recognise that.
-You recognise that.
-It's Twinkle, Twinkle, little star.
-Yes, it is.
So as long as the song has the word crayfish in it, you can have a drink?
Yeah, basically. Actually you drink even if it hasn't got the word crayfish in it.
As soon as someone takes up a song, at the end you drink.
So, Hans, here we are sitting on the most coastal location you can imagine,
on a grassy promontory with the Baltic wrapped around us. Does the coast mean a lot to Swedes?
I think it does. We have a lot of it, so I'd say most people have a relationship to the coast.
You can light a fire, you can drink your coffee, you can eat your lunch, and then you can go back in to
your more square-formed life in the big city again, so I think it's
a huge freedom factor in the coast in Sweden.
We worship summer, I think we do, we're like asleep for six months, then it's dark, and we're working,
and then suddenly spring comes and everything changes, yeah.
So I think this is sort of part of it, this is sort of what we consider being Swedish.
Now how do I go about breaking into one of these delicious looking fish?
Would you give me a demonstration?
Yeah, sure, you just pick them up like this, turn them over and then you just basically suck.
HE SUCKS
You like that?
-Well...
-I would say no if I had to guess.
-Perhaps with a bit more practice.
Sounds like I'm just sucking up a mouthful of sea water!
Blimey, I can barely sing in English, let alone Swedish!
ROUSING FINALE
Your Swedish is really good!
I got the last word anyway.
Stockholm was once the centre of Sweden's global sea trade,
but today the majority of boats look for local business.
HORN BLARES
The sea's a highway here in the Swedish capital. You hop on and off ferries
as if you're getting on and off buses. The water's a living space.
No wonder the Swedes take such pride in their coastal heritage and their maritime traditions.
But there are a few skeletons out there in Davy Jones's locker.
Mark has come to Stockholm harbour to investigate one of the world's most embarrassing naval accidents.
There's one remarkable shipwreck I've always wanted to set foot on.
Now, finally, I'm here.
It's magnificent. It's the complete ship.
This mighty warship is nearly 400 years old, yet
it's as if she was built yesterday, a wreck raised almost intact.
This isn't a recreation. It's the actual ship.
The Vasa was meant to spearhead Sweden's navy,
but she sank in 1628 on her maiden voyage.
How did the Vasa, the King's grandest warship, keel over and sink on her first outing?
I'm going to the site of Sweden's great national embarrassment with historian Marika Hedin.
10th August, 1628, it was meant to be a moment of
natural pride and grandeur, and it was for about 30 minutes.
So where exactly did she go down?
Well, she was found over there...
..where the water is about 30 metres deep,
so that meant that, when she went down, you would have
seen the masts sticking out of the water, flags and all.
-That was a very public spectacle.
-It was. It was a public fiasco.
This magnificent ship sank in the most humiliating fashion.
The Vasa never got out of Stockholm harbour.
Shamed by the disaster, Sweden forgot the Vasa.
But the Baltic Sea preserved her in its cold embrace for over three centuries.
The reason she sank was waiting to be discovered.
Finally, in 1956, amateur archaeologist Anders Franzen went fishing for the wreck.
He rowed around in his little boat in the harbour looking for blackened oak, which would have
been a sign that he would have found the Vasa, and eventually he did
come up and found something in 1956, and that of course was the starting point
for one of the greatest adventures of maritime archaeology in the world - the salvage.
It was an extremely complex operation. No-one had done anything
like this before, so everything that was tried was experimental.
The divers worked in very harsh conditions, through water, digging tunnels
under the wreck, so that eventually she could be lifted through steel wires up towards the surface.
So after over 300 years the Vasa was to break through the surface again.
That's true. On 24th April 1961, it was a world event.
Were the divers worried that as she came up, she would break apart?
Yes. No-one knew how strong she would be, and of course all of
the iron bolts had rusted away, and attempts had been
below the surface to strengthen her, but still we didn't know if she would hold together, but she did.
She was very well built in some respects.
-And very little used, of course.
-That's true.
So she was able to be, as it were brought back on her own buoyancy.
That's true, that was the last trip that the Vasa would ever make on her own, and then she was put into
the conservation process, which took some 17 years.
To find out why she sank in the first place,
I'm stepping back in time nearly 400 years.
She's beautiful, isn't she? This is actually a rare privilege.
Only heads of state and the occasional maritime archaeologists are allowed aboard these days.
The Vasa is so well preserved, you can still piece together the evidence of her sinking.
Be careful here, it's...
Her beams come down quite low.
It gives an impression of what it was actually like down here.
Yes, it must have been very crowded, and quite dark.
So on that
fateful day,
they fired the cannons?
Yes, they did, because they were sailing out and this was a moment
of triumph, so they fired a salute and all the cannon ports were open,
and this was probably an error of judgment because, when the ship keeled over them, the water came in.
So you can just imagine the water gushing in.
-Yes, it must have been quite scary.
-So she literally just fell over.
Yes, she did, straight into the mud.
The open gun ports meant water flooded in after a simple gust of wind made the ship roll over.
The fatal mistake was in the original design.
You can see she's very narrow in the stern, and this made her very unstable.
Surely there were lots of other boats sailing around of this size,
-and they weren't capsizing all the time.
-No, that's right.
There actually was a sister ship to the Vasa, which had almost the same dimensions,
the Apple, and she sailed off a year after Vasa sank, but she was a little more broader.
She was about three and a half feet broader and that made all the difference, but I think the Vasa,
if she had made it out into the archipelago, and then she would have
been loaded with materials and more men, she would have been heavier and more stable in the water.
-So it wasn't just a bad design, but it was also bad luck.
-Really bad luck, I would say.
It's ironic that this Swedish naval disaster
has left us with the most important shipwreck ever discovered.
This is the Tutankhamun of maritime archaeology.
On our journey along the shores of Sweden, we've discovered links between us and our coastal cousins
in Scandinavia, the age-old trade in timber and iron, and a passion for messing about in boats.
Once ashore, in the city, the hectic traffic's also strangely familiar, but somehow different.
There are many things we share with Sweden, but after 3rd September, 1967, there was one less.
That's when the Swedes switched from driving on our side of the road the left, and changed to the right
to conform with the rest of mainland Europe.
I'm used to biking through London, but switching to the right hand side makes things a bit hairy.
Imagine what it was like back in 1967 when the whole country changed lanes overnight. Potential chaos.
Well, the radio said I had to stop.
I have to stop for a while here, I will then be shown onto the other side of the road.
I then have to stop there, and at five o'clock, we move off, driving on the right hand side of the road.
Shall I go over that side?
It was known as H Day after the Swedish word for right - hogar.
They cleverly combined the capital H with an arrow changing lane to create a logo for switchover day.
But there was more to H Day than a logo.
The government embarked on a massive programme of advertising and education, from highway
code lessons for children, to some rather alarming stunts.
Finally, on September 3rd, everything was in place - the roads altered, the signs ready, 10,000 police and
troops deployed onto the streets - but still no-one knew how many people
might become victims of this right-hand revolution.
This is the scene at five o'clock in the morning on 3rd September 1967, as everybody switched lanes.
Amazingly, H Day went without a hitch.
In fact, surprisingly, the number of accidents slightly decreased.
So, might we one day find ourselves switching lanes too?
On the highways worldwide, sticking to the left puts us in the minority,
but on the seaways it's a different story.
The rules of navigation that apply around the globe
owe an awful lot to the pioneering efforts of the British, to impose order on the sea lanes of the world.
Ironically, when proposing navigation laws for steamships in the 19th century, Britain decided ships should
pass each other not on the left, but on the right.
Over the years, this British "keep right" regulation became adopted as the global standard for the seas.
Britannia's rule does in fact rule the waves.
Even out here, on the edge of the Baltic Sea, some thousand miles from our own islands, you can sense
the influence of Britain reaching far beyond our own coast.
We're a seafaring people and we share our story with distant shores.
Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd
For centuries Britons have charted a course to the glorious coast of Sweden for its treasure trove of riches, now for the first time Coast explores the British connections to this stunning shore on the edge of the Baltic Sea.
Nick Crane's journey starts in one of the most picturesque parts of Sweden, the dramatic peaks of the High Coast are a wonder of the world and, remarkably, the mountains are still growing at the rate of one centimetre every year.
Plus, Nick finds out why Britain's early engineers had to come to Sweden for iron to help forge our Industrial Revolution, and he learns the secrets of throwing a successful crayfish party.
Alice Roberts explores the extraordinary story of how, during the Second World War, Britain's military effort almost ground to a halt. Swedish ball bearings were desperately needed to keep tank and plane parts moving, but the Nazis had Sweden in an air and sea stranglehold. Alice reveals how brave British servicemen beat the German blockade.
Mark Horton visits the world's most remarkable shipwreck, The Vasa, which has been called the Tutankhamun of maritime archaeology. The Swedish king commissioned the grand man-o-war to spearhead his navy but she sank some 400 years ago on her maiden voyage.
Dick Strawbridge climbs the rigging of one of the last great commercial sailing ships, known as the Windjammers. As recently as the 1940s these tall ships managed to give steamships a run for their money. Dick discovers how in the days of Empire, the Windjammers connected Britain to Australia with their legendary 'grain races'.
The team also explore 'Abba Island' and search out moose in Sweden's frozen North.
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Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper on the iPad lets you download and read daily editions of Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper on the iPad and access them while offline.
- High-resolution preview of the newspaper's pages.
- Customizing the channels on the main view.
برنامج الايباد الخاص بجريدة الشرق الأوسط يتيح لك تحميل وقراءة الاعداد اليومية للجريدة بالاضافه الي خاصيه تصفح العدد بحال عدم وجود اي تغطيه لشبكه الانترنت .
-- تخصيص القنوات على شاشة العرض الرئيسية.
I installed the updated version. It freezes during installation and cannot be removed. Isn't about time someone in this important institution takes note and questions their supplier about quality?!
unstable app, tends to close down after a while.
The app is good when it works. However, it is unstable most of the time.
Still not working !! Now after the latest update it downloads ok but the whole thing freezes after that. Im using ipad 3.
بعد التحديث الاخير يتم تنزيل الاعداد بشكل طبيعي ولكن يتوقف البرنامج بعد فتح العدد.