Patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome were at increased risk of various types of cardiovascular morbidity, a meta-analysis determined.
In an analysis that included more than 65,000 patients, the risk for coronary morbidity among Sjogren's syndrome patients was more than 30% higher than for the general population, with a relative risk (RR) of 1.34 (95% CI 1.06-1.68, P=0.01), according to Jacques Morel, MD, PhD, of the University of Montpellier in France, and colleagues.
In addition, the risk for cerebrovascular morbidity was increased to an even greater extent (RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.43-1.49, P<0.00001), the researchers reported online in Arthritis Care & Research.
"Primary Sjogren's syndrome is characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands (mainly salivary and lacrimal) and is responsible for oral and eye dryness and by B-cell hyperactivity," they wrote.
It primarily afflicts women at about age 50.
Patients with other chronic autoimmune diseases such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis have a well recognized risk for cardiovascular disease, which is credited largely to systemic inflammation, but risk estimates for Sjogren's syndrome have been conflicting.
Therefore, to provide a clearer picture of the risks, Morel and colleagues conducted a systematic literature review, identifying 14 studies that had sufficient data for a meta-analysis.
The studies included mostly women whose mean age was 55 and whose disease duration was 7 years.
In five studies that included 24,133 patients with Sjogren's syndrome and 460,266 controls, the number of coronary events were 7,799 and 84,772, respectively. In four studies that included 25,242 patients with Sjogren's syndrome and 570,183 controls, the number of cerebrovascular events were 605 and 11,367, respectively.
For thromboembolic events, two studies included 16,090 Sjogren's syndrome patients and 548,218 controls. In these groups, there were 100 and 15,607 events, respectively, with an RR in the Sjogren's group of 1.78 (95% CI 1.41-2.25, P<0.00001).
For heart failure, three studies included 5,920 Sjogren's syndrome patients and 9,911 controls who had 609 and 358 events, respectively, with an odds ratio of 2.54 (95% CI 1.30-4.97, P<0.007) for the Sjogren's syndrome patients.
Cardiovascular mortality, however, did not appear to be elevated. In two studies that included 745 patients, there were 25 cardiac-related deaths (RR 1.48, 95% CI 0.77-2.85, P=0.24).
Possible explanations for the lack of significant risk of cardiovascular mortality were lower rates of smoking and less use of corticosteroids among patients with Sjogren's syndrome compared with patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, conditions in which cardiovascular mortality is clearly elevated.
While chronic systemic inflammation increases cardiovascular risk in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases such as Sjogren's syndrome, other factors also may be in play. Some researchers have identified a high prevalence of atherosclerosis detected by endothelial dysfunction, abnormalities of the ankle brachial index, or carotid intima-media thickening, particularly among patients with long disease duration.
In the studies that reported on cardiovascular risk factors, patients with Sjogren's syndrome had high rates of hyperlipidemia and hypertension, which also could contribute to atherosclerosis.
The presence of circulating autoantibodies could further raise risks. In particular, anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La antibodies have often been detected in patients with Sjogren's syndrome who have cardiovascular comorbidities and systemic involvement.
"Prospective studies are needed to further study the association between cardiovascular events and primary Sjogren's syndrome," including the potential contributions of steroids and other medications.
"However, rheumatologists should be aware of this increased risk in order to propose screening for cardiovascular comorbidities and specific preventive interventions for patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome," the authors concluded.
A major limitation of the study was high heterogeneity among the studies included in the meta-analysis. For instance, heterogeneity assessed using the I2 statistic was 94% in the studies of thromboembolic events and 85% in the heart failure studies.


text:
\section{Introduction}

One of the famous Ramsey theoretic results is van der Waerden's Theorem
\cite{waerden1927van}, which says that whenever the set $\mathbb{N}$
of natural numbers is divided into finitely many classes, one of these
classes contains arbitrarily long arithmetic progressions. The analogous
statement about geometric progressions is easily seen to be equivalent
via the homomorphisms $p\colon\,\left(\mathbb{N},\,+\right)\to\left(\mathbb{N},\,\cdotp\right)$
such that $p\left(x\right)=2^{x}$, and $q\colon\,\left(\mathbb{N}\setminus\left\{ 1\right\} ,\,\cdotp\right)\to\left(\mathbb{N},\,+\right)$,
where $q\left(x\right)$ is the length of the prime factorization
of $x$.

It has been shown in \cite[Theorem 3.11]{beiglbock2008some} that
any set which is multiplicatively large, that is a piecewise syndetic
IP set in $\left(\mathbb{N},\,\cdotp\right)$ must contain substantial
combined additive and multiplicative structure; in particular it must
contain arbitrarily large geo-arithmetic progressions, that is, sets
of the form
\[
\left\{ r^{j}\left(a+id\right)\colon\,i,j\in\left\{ 1,2,\ldots,k\right\} \right\} .
\]
 A well known extension of van der Waerden's Theorem allows one to
get the additive increment of the arithmetic progression in the same
cell as the arithmetic progression. Similarly for any finite partition
of $\mathbb{N}$ there exist some cell $A$ and $b,r\in\mathbb{N}$
such that $\left\{ r,b,br,\ldots,br^{k}\right\} \subseteq A$. It
is proved in \cite[Theorem 1.5]{beiglbock2008some} that these two
facts can be intertwined:
\begin{thm}
Let $r,k\in\mathbb{N}$ and $\mathbb{N}=\bigcup_{i=1}^{r}A_{i}$.
Then there exist $s\in\left\{ 1,2,\dots,r\right\} $and $a,b,d\in A_{s}$,
such that\\
\begin{align*}
\left\{ b\left(a+id\right)^{j}\colon\,i,j\in\left\{ 0,1,\ldots,k\right\} \right\} \bigcup\left\{ bd^{j}\colon\,j\in\left\{ 0,1,\ldots,k\right\} \right\} \\
\bigcup\left\{ a+id\colon\,i\in\left\{ 0,1,\ldots,k\right\} \right\}  & \subseteq A_{s}
\end{align*}
\end{thm}
We know that if $A\subseteq\mathbb{N}$ belongs to every idempotent
in $\beta\mathbb{N}$, then it is called an $IP^{*}$ set. Given a
sequence $\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$ in $\mathbb{N}$,
we let $FP(\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty})$ be the product analogue
of Finite Sum. Given a sequence $\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$
in $\mathbb{N}$, we say that $\langle y_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$
is a \textit{sum subsystem} of $\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$
provided there is a sequence $\langle H_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$
of nonempty finite subsets of $\mathbb{N}$ such that $\max H_{n}<\min H_{n+1}$,
and $y_{n}=\sum_{t\in H_{n}}\,x_{t}$ for each $n\in\mathbb{N}$.
\begin{thm}
\label{ip*-1} Let $\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$ be a sequence
in $\mathbb{N}$ and $A$ be an IP{*} set in $(\mathbb{N},+)$. Then
there exists a sum subsystem $\langle y_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$
of $\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$ such that
\[
FS(\langle y_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty})\cup FP(\langle y_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty})\subseteq A.
\]
\end{thm}
\begin{proof}
\cite[Theorem 2.6]{bergelson1994ip} or see \cite[Corollary 16.21]{hindman1998algebra}.
\end{proof}
The algebraic structure of the smallest ideal of $\beta S$ has played
a significant role in Ramsey Theory. It is known that any central
subset of $(\mathbb{N},+)$ is guaranteed to have substantial additive
structure. But Theorem 16.27 of \cite{hindman1998algebra} shows that
central sets in $(\mathbb{N},+)$ need not have any multiplicative
structure at all. On the other hand, in \cite{bergelson1994ip} we
see that sets which belong to every minimal idempotent of N, called
central{*} sets, must have significant multiplicative structure.

In case of central{*} sets a similar result has been proved in \cite{de2007combined}
for a restricted class of sequences called minimal sequences, where
a sequence $\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$ in $\mathbb{N}$
is said to be a minimal sequence if
\[
\bigcap_{m=1}^{\infty}\overline{FS(\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=m}^{\infty})}\cap K(\beta\mathbb{N})\neq\emptyset.
\]

\begin{thm}
\label{central*} Let $\langle y_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$ be a
minimal sequence and $A$ be a $central^{*}$ set in $(\mathbb{N},+)$.
Then there exists a sum subsystem $\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$
of $\langle y_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$ such that
\[
FS(\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty})\cup FP(\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty})\subseteq A.
\]
\end{thm}
\begin{proof}
\cite[Theorem 2.4]{bergelson1994ip}.
\end{proof}
A similar result in this direction in the case of dyadic rational
numbers has been proved by Bergelson, Hindman and Leader.
\begin{thm}
\label{notramseyd} There exists a finite partition $\mathbb{D}\setminus\{0\}=\bigcup_{i=1}^{r}A_{i}$
such that there do not exist $i\in\{1,2,\ldots,r\}$ and a sequence
$\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$ with
\[
FS(\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty})\cup FP(\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty})\subseteq A_{i}.
\]
\end{thm}
\begin{proof}
\cite[Theorem 5.9]{bergelson1999additive}.
\end{proof}
In \cite{bergelson1999additive}, the authors also presented the following
conjecture and question.
\begin{conjecture}
There exists a finite partition $\mathbb{Q}\setminus\{0\}=\bigcup_{i=1}^{r}A_{i}$
such that there do not exists $i\in\{1,2,\ldots,r\}$ and a sequence
$\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$ with
\[
FS(\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty})\cup FP(\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty})\subseteq A_{i}.
\]
\end{conjecture}
\begin{problem}
Does there exists a finite partition $\mathbb{R}\setminus\{0\}=\bigcup_{i=1}^{r}A_{i}$
such that there do not exists $i\in\{1,2,\ldots,r\}$ and a sequence
$\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$ with
\[
FS(\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty})\cup FP(\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty})\subseteq A_{i}?
\]
\end{problem}
In the section 2, we shall first work on some combined algebraic properties
near $0$ in the ring of quaternions, denoted by $\mathbb{H}$. The
ring being non abelian, is a division ring having an idempotent $0$.
In section 3, for any suitable dense subsemigroup $S$ of $\left(\left(0,\infty\right),+\right)$,
our aim is to establish partitition regularity among two matrices
using using additive and multiplicative structure of $\beta S$, Stone-\v{C}ech
compactification of $S$.

\section{Combined Algebraic and Multiplicative Properties near idempotent
in relation with Quaternion Rings}

In the following discussion our aim is to extend Theorem \ref{ip*-1}
and Theorem \ref{central*} for dense subsemigroups $(\mathbb{H},+)$
in the appropriate context.
\begin{defn}
If $S$ is a dense subsemigroup of $(\mathbb{H},+)$, we define $0^{+}(S)=\{p\in\beta S_{d}:(\forall r>0)(B_{d}(r)\in p)\}$.
\end{defn}
It is proved in \cite{hindman1999semigroup}, that $0^{+}(S)$ is
a compact right topological subsemigroup of $(\beta S_{d},+)$ which
is disjoint from $K(\beta S_{d})$ and hence gives some new information
which are not available from $K(\beta S_{d})$. Being compact right
topological semigroup $0^{+}(S)$ contains minimal idempotents of
$0^{+}(S)$. A subset $A$ of $S$ is said to be IP{*}-set near 0
if it belongs to every idempotent of $0^{+}(S)$ and a subset $C$
of $S$ is said to be central$^{*}$ set near $0$ if it belongs to
every minimal idempotent of $0^{+}(S)$. In \cite{de2009image} the
authors applied the algebraic structure of $0^{+}(S)$ on their investigation
of image partition regularity near $0$ of finite and infinite matrices.
Article \cite{de2011image} used algebraic structure of $0^{+}(\mathbb{R})$
to investigate image partition regularity of matrices with real entries
from $\mathbb{R}$.
\begin{defn}
Let $S$ be a dense subsemigroup of $(\mathbb{H},+)$. A subset $A$
of $S$ is said to be an IP set near $0$ if there exists a sequence
$\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$ with $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}x_{n}$
converges such that $FS(\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty})\subseteq A$.
We call a subset $D$ of $S$ is an IP$^{*}$ set near $0$ if for
every subset $C$ of $S$ which is IP set near $0$, $C\cap D$ is
IP set near $0$.
\end{defn}
From \cite[Theorem 3.2]{akbari2012semigroup}, it follows that for
a dense subsemigroup $S$ of $(\mathbb{H},+)$ a subset $A$ of $S$
is an \emph{IP set near $0$} if only if there exists some idempotent
$p\in0^{+}(S)$ with $A\in p$. Further it can be easily observed
that a subset $D$ of $S$ is an IP$^{*}$ set near $0$ if and only
if it belongs to every idempotent of $0^{+}(S)$.

Given $c\in\mathbb{H}\setminus\{0\}$ and $p\in\beta\mathbb{H}_{d}$,
the product $c\cdot p$ and $p\cdot c$ are defined in $(\beta\mathbb{H}_{d},\cdot)$.
One has $A\subseteq\mathbb{H}$ is a member of $c\cdot p$  if and
only if $c^{-1}A=\{x\in\mathbb{H}:c\cdot x\in A\}$ is a member of
$p$ and similarly for $c\cdot p$.
\begin{lem}
\label{ip*0} Let $S$ be a dense subsemigroup of $(\mathbb{H},+)$
such that $S\cap\mathbb{H}$ is a subsemigroup of $(\mathbb{H}\setminus\{0\},\cdot)$.
If $A$ is an IP set near $0$ in $S$ then $sA$ is also an IP set
near $0$ for every $s\in S\cap B_{d}(1)\setminus\{0\}$. Further
if $A$ is a an IP$^{*}$ set near $0$ in $(S,+)$ then both $s^{-1}A$
and $As^{-1}$ are IP$^{*}$ set near $0$ for every $s\in S\cap B_{d}(1)\setminus\{0\}$.
\end{lem}
\begin{proof}
Since $A$ is an IP set near $0$ then by \cite[Theorem 3.1]{hindman1999semigroup}
there exists a sequence $\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$ in
$S$ with the property that $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}x_{n}$ converges
and FS$(\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty})\subseteq A$. This implies
that $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}(s\cdot x_{n})$ is also convergent and FS$(\langle sx_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty})\subseteq sA$.
This proves that $sA$ is also an IP set near $0$. Similarly we can
prove that $As^{-1}$ is also IP set near $0$ for every $s\in S\cap B_{d}(1)\setminus\{0\}$.
For the second let $A$ be a an IP$^{*}$ set near $0$ and $s\in S\cap B_{d}(1)\setminus\{0\}$.
To prove that $s^{-1}A$ is a an IP$^{*}$ set near $0$ it is sufficient
to show that if $B$ is any IP set near $0$ then $B\cap s^{-1}A\neq\emptyset$.
Since $B$ is an IP set near $0$, $sB$ is also an IP set near $0$
by the first part of the proof, so that $A\cap sB\neq\emptyset$.
Choose $t\in sB\cap A$ and $k\in B$ such that $t=sk$. Therefore
$k\in s^{-1}A$ so that $B\cap s^{-1}A\neq\emptyset$.
\end{proof}
Given $A\subseteq S$ and $s\in S$, $s^{-1}A=\{t\in S$ : $st\in A\}$
and $-s+A=\{t\in S$ : $s+t\in A\}$. In case of product we have to
keep in mind the order of elements as the product is noncommutative
here.
\begin{defn}
Let $\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$ be a sequence in the ring
$(\mathbb{H},+,\cdot)$, and let $k\in\mathbb{N}$. Then FP$(\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{k})$
is the set of all products of terms of $\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{k}$
in any order with no repetitions. Similarly FP$(\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty})$
is the set of all products of terms of $\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$
in any order with no repetitions.
\end{defn}
\begin{thm}
\label{ip*comb} Let $S$ be a dense subsemigroup of $(\mathbb{H},+)$,
such that $S\cap B_{d}(1)\setminus\{0\}$ is a subsemigroup of $(B_{d}(1)\setminus\{0\},\cdot)$.
Also let $\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$ be a sequence in $S$
such that $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}x_{n}$ converges to $0$ and $A$ be
a IP$^{*}$ set near $0$ in $S$. Then there exists a sum subsystem
$\langle y_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$ of $\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty}$
such that
\[
FS(\langle y_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty})\cup FP(\langle y_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty})\subseteq A.
\]
\end{thm}
\begin{proof}
Since $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}x_{n}$ converges to 0, from \cite[Theorem 3.1]{hindman1999semigroup}
it follows that we can find some idempotent $p\in0^{+}(S)$ for which
$FS(\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty})\in p$. In fact $T=\bigcap_{m=1}^{\infty}\mbox{cl}_{\beta S_{d}}FS(\langle y_{n}\rangle_{n=m}^{\infty})\subseteq0^{+}(S)$
and $p\in T$. Again, since $A$ is an IP{*} set near $0$ in $S$,
by the above Lemma \ref{ip*0} for every $s\in S\cap B_{d}(1)\setminus\{0\}$,
both $s^{-1}A,As^{-1}\in p$. Let $A^{\star}=\{s\in A$ : $-s+A\in p\}$.
Then by ~\cite[Lemma 4.14]{hindman1998algebra} $A^{\star}\in p$.
We can choose $y_{1}\in A^{\star}\cap FS(\langle x_{n}\rangle_{n=1}^{\infty})$.
Inductively let $m\in\mathbb{N}$ and $\langle y_{i}\rangle_{i=1}^{m}$,
$\langle H_{i}\rangle_{i=1}^{m}$ in $\mathcal{P}_{f}(\mathbb{N})$
be chosen with the following properties:

\begin{enumerate}
\item $i\in\{1,2,\ldots,m-1\}$ $\max H_{i}<\min H_{i+1}$;
\item If $y_{i}=\sum_{t\in H_{i}}x_{t}$ then $\sum_{t\in H_{m}}x_{t}\in A^{\star}$
and $\mbox{FP}(\langle y_{i}\rangle_{i=1}^{m})\subseteq A$.
\end{enumerate}
We observe that $\{\sum_{t\in H}x_{t}$ : $H\in\mathcal{P}_{f}(\mathbb{N}),\min H>\max H_{m}\}\in p$.
Let $B=\{\sum_{t\in H}x_{t}$ : $H\in\mathcal{P}_{f}(\mathbb{N}),\min H>\max H_{m}\}$,
let $E_{1}=FS(\langle y_{i}\rangle_{i=1}^{m})$ and $E_{2}=AP(\langle y_{i}\rangle_{i=1}^{m})$.
Now consider
\[
D=B\cap A^{\star}\cap\bigcap_{s\in E_{1}}(-s+A^{\star})\cap\bigcap_{s\in E_{2}}(s^{-1}A^{\star})\cap\bigcap_{s\in E_{2}}(A^{\star}s^{-1}).
\]
Then $D\in p$. Now choose $y_{m+1}\in D$ and $H_{m+1}\in\mathcal{P}_{f}(\mathbb{N})$
such that $\min H_{m+1}>\max H_{m}$. Putting $y_{m+1}=\sum_{t\in H_{m+1}}x_{t}$
shows that the induction can be continued and this proves the theorem.
\end{proof}

\section{An Application of additive and multiplicative structure of $\beta S$}

We shall like to produce an alternative proof of the above Theorem
\ref{extensionipr0} using additive and multiplicative structure of
$\beta S$. We need the following notion.
\begin{thm}
\label{extensionipr0} Let $u,\,v\in\mathbb{N}$. Let $M$ be a finite
image partition regular matrix over $\mathbb{N}$ of order $u\times v$,
and let $N$ be an infinite image partition regular near $0$ matrix
over a dense subsemigroup $S$ of $((0,\infty),+)$. Then
\[
\left(\begin{array}{cc}
M & O\\
O & N
\end{array}\right)\,
\]
 is image partition regular near $0$ over $S$.
\end{thm}
\begin{defn}
Let $S$ be a subsemigroup of $((0,\infty),+)$ and let $A$ be a
finite or infinite matrix with entries from $\mathbb{Q}$. Then $I(A)=\{p\in0^{+}$
: for every $P\in p$, there exists $\vec{x}$ with entries from $S$
such that all entries of $A\vec{x}$ are in $P\}$.
\end{defn}
The following lemma can be easily proved as \cite[Lemma 2.5]{hindman2003infinite}.
\begin{lem}
Let $A$ be a matrix, finite or infinite with entries from $\mathbb{Q}$.

(a) The set $I(A)$ is compact and $I(A)\neq\emptyset$ if and only
if $A$ is image partition regular near $0$.

(b) If $A$ is finite image partition regular matrix, then$I(A)$
is a sub-semigroup of $(0^{+},+)$.
\end{lem}
Next, we shall investigate the multiplicative structure of $I(A)$.
In the following Lemma \ref{lem:I(A)}, we shall see that if $A$
is a image partition regular near $0$ then $I(A)$ is a left ideal
of $(0^{+},\cdot)$. It is also a two-sided ideal of $(0^{+},\cdot)$,
provided $A$ is a finite image partition regular near $0$.
\begin{lem}
\label{lem:I(A)} Let $A$ be a matrix, finite or infinite with entries
from $\mathbb{Q}$.

(a) If $A$ is an image partition regular near $0$, then $I(A)$
is a left ideal of $(0^{+},\cdot)$.

(b) If $A$ is a finite image partition regular near $0$, then $I(A)$
is a two-sided ideal of $(0^{+},\cdot)$.
\end{lem}
\begin{proof}
(a). Let  $A$ be a $u\times v$ image partition regular matrix, where
$u,v\in\mathbb{N}\cup\{\omega\}$. Let $p\in0^{+}$ and $q\in I(A)$.
Also let $U\in p\cdot q$. Then\\
 $\{x\in S:\,x^{-1}U\in q\}\in p$. Choose $z\in\{x\in S:\,x^{-1}U\in q\}$.
Then $z^{-1}U\in q$. So there exists $\vec{x}$ with entries from
$S$ such that $y_{j}\in z^{-1}U$ for $0\leq j<u$ where $\vec{y}=A\vec{x}$,

$\vec{y}=\left(\begin{matrix}y_{0}\\
y_{1}\\
y_{2}\\
\vdots
\end{matrix}\right)$and $\vec{x}=\left(\begin{matrix}x_{0}\\
x_{1}\\
x_{2}\\
\vdots
\end{matrix}\right)$; $\vec{y}$ and $\vec{x}$ are $u\times1$ and $v\times1$ matrices
respectively. Now $y_{i}\in z^{-1}U$ for $0\leq i<u$ implies that
$zy_{i}\in U$ for $0\leq i<u$. Let $\vec{x'}=z\vec{x}$ and $\vec{y'}=z\vec{y}$.
Then $\vec{y'}=A\vec{x'}$. So there exists $\vec{x'}$ with entries
from $S$ such that all entries of $A\vec{x'}$ are in $U$. Therefore
$p.q\in I(A)$. So $I(A)$ is a left ideal of $(0^{+},\cdot)$.

(b) Let $A$ be a $u\times v$ matrix, where $u,v\in\mathbb{N}$.
By previous lemma , $I(A)$ is a left ideal. We now show that $I(A)$
is a right ideal of $(0^{+},\cdot)$. Let $p\in\beta S$ and $q\in I(A)$.
Now let $U\in q\cdot p$. Then $\{x\in S:x^{-1}U\in p\}\in q$. So
there exists $\vec{x}$ with entries in $S$ such that $y_{i}\in\{x\in S:x^{-1}U\in p\}$
for $0\leq i<u$, where $\vec{y}=A\vec{x}$, $\vec{y}=\left(\begin{matrix}y_{0}\\
\vdots\\
y_{u-1}
\end{matrix}\right)$ and $\vec{x}=\left(\begin{matrix}x_{0}\\
\vdots\\
x_{v-1}
\end{matrix}\right)$; $\vec{y}$ and $\vec{x}$ are $u\times1$ and $v\times1$ matrices
respectively. Now for $0\leq i<u,y_{i}\in\{x\in S:x^{-1}U\in p\}$.
Hence $y_{i}^{-1}U\in p$ for $0\leq i<u$. This implies $\bigcap_{i=0}^{u-1}y_{i}^{-1}U\in p$.
So $\bigcap_{i=0}^{u-1}y_{i}^{-1}U\neq\emptyset$. Let $z\in\bigcap_{i=0}^{u-1}y_{i}^{-1}U$.
Therefore $z\in y_{i}^{-1}U$ for all $i\in\{0,1,2,.....,u-1\}$.
Hence $y_{i}z\in U$ for $0\leq i<u$. Let $\vec{x'}=\vec{x}z$ and
$\vec{y'}=\vec{y}z$. Then $\vec{y'}=A\vec{x'}$. So there exists
$\vec{x'}$ with entries from $S$ such that all entries of $A\vec{x'}$
are in $U$. Thus $q\cdot p\in I(A)$. Therefore $I(A)$ is also a
right ideal of $(\beta\mathbb{N},\cdot)$. Hence $I(A)$ is a two-sided
ideal of $(0^{+},\cdot)$.
\end{proof}
\noindent \begin{verbatim}

\end{verbatim}
\begin{proof}[Alternative proof of Theorem 2.2.7]
\noindent  Let $r\in\mathbb{N}$ be given and $\epsilon>0$. Let
$\mathbb{Q}=\bigcup_{i=1}^{r}E_{i}$. Suppose that $A$ be a $u\times v$
matrix where $u,v\in\mathbb{N}$. Also let $A=\left(\begin{matrix}M & 0\\
0 & N
\end{matrix}\right)$. Now by previous Lemma \ref{lem:I(A)}, $I(M)$ is a two-sided ideal
of $(0^{+},\cdot)$. So $K(0^{+},\cdot)\subseteq I(A)$. Also by same
Lemma \ref{lem:I(A)}, $I(N)$ is a left ideal of $(0^{+},\cdot)$.
Therefore $K(0^{+},\cdot)\cap I(N)\neq\emptyset$. Hence $I(M)\cap I(N)\neq\emptyset$.
Now choose $p\in I(M)\cap I(N)$. Since $\mathbb{Q}=\bigcup_{i=1}^{r}E_{i}$,
there exists $k\in\{1,2,.....,r\}$ such that $E_{k}\in p$. Thus
by definition of $I(M)$ and $I(N)$, there exist $\vec{x}\in S^{v}$
and $\vec{y}\in S^{\omega}$ such that $M\vec{x}\in E_{k}^{u}$ and
$N\vec{y}\in E_{k}^{\omega}$. Take$\vec{z}=\left(\begin{matrix}\vec{x}\\
\vec{y}
\end{matrix}\right)$. Then $A\vec{z}=\left(\begin{matrix}M\vec{x}\\
N\vec{y}
\end{matrix}\right)$. So $A\vec{z}\in E_{k}^{\omega}$. Therefore $A=\left(\begin{matrix}M & 0\\
0 & N
\end{matrix}\right)$ is image partition regular near 0.
\end{proof}
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
L'album Jonas Brothers: The 3D Concert Experience, colonna sonora dell'omonimo film, è stato pubblicato il 27 febbraio 2009, ossia il giorno del debutto nelle sale cinematografiche statunitensi.

Ha debuttato al numero 3 della classifica Billboard 200.

Tracce

Classifiche

Note

Collegamenti esterni

Colonne sonore di film

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Ultrasound Smartphone Accessory Now Available
By Oliver Renick - LAPTOP contributor 12 October 2011
For the first time, parents may be able to use a phone to snap a photo of their child - before they've been born. MobiSante, the company developing an ultrasound imaging device to be used with a smartphone, launched the MobiUS Sp1 this week, David Zar, the company's co-founder, told MobiHealthNews on Monday. It's now available for purchase by medical professionals for only $7,495. Traditional ultrasound machines cost upwards of $300,000, according to the site.
The accessory, initially conceived in 2009 by Zar, a Washington University at St. Louis researcher, and Sailesh Chutani, then a researcher at Microsoft, has seen some turbulence throughout its development. Due to regulatory hurdles, even after receiving approval for commercial distribution from the Food & Drug Administration in February, MobiSante has delayed the release of their product for eight months.
The system, which takes 480 x 480-pixel images, is intended for ultrasound imaging, analysis and measurement in fetal/OB, abdominal, cardiac, pelvic, pediatric, musculoskeletal, and peripheral vessel imaging, according to the article.
"For many, this is not a replacement system," Zar said in the MobiHealthNews article. "We can also offer the full imaging solution, though, and that might appeal to smaller clinics. Our work has just begun, really."
Because of the slow timeline, the MobiUS is only compatible with a dated phone—the Toshiba TG01, which is included with the ultrasound probe in the package. It comes loaded with an 8GB microSD memory card that can save up to 32,000 images, according to MobiSante's website. Since the ultrasound system connects via a USB 2.0 port, it's not compatible with iOS or Android devices in the U.S.
While mobile ultrasound devices aren't new, the MobiUS is the first to employ the use of a smartphone. General Electric's VScan is about the same price, but without Internet connectivity, and it can't share and receive images like the MobiUS.
Via MobiHealthNews

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Kauto Star
Brilliant Kauto Star wins fifth King George VI Chase at Kempton
• Outstanding chaser defeats favourite Long Run
• Superb round of jumping seals popular victory
Will Hayler at Kempton
Mon 26 Dec 2011 10.51 EST First published on Mon 26 Dec 2011 10.51 EST
Ruby Walsh celebrates victory on Kauto Star after winning the King George VI Chase at Kempton Park. Photograph: Steve Parsons/PA
Record-breaking, history-making, breathtaking. Kauto Star produced one of the most memorable performances in the history of jumps racing to win the William Hill King George VI Chase at Kempton Park.
The 11-year-old, whose powers had appeared to be on the wane when comprehensively beaten in the same race 12 months ago, bounced back to his best to defeat the reigning champion, Long Run, by a length and a quarter, with 17 lengths back to third-placed Captain Chris. In victory, Kauto Star was surpassing Desert Orchid as the most successful horse in the history of the race.
Ruby Walsh sent the 3-1 chance to the front as they passed the winning post with a circuit to go and the pair were never headed again after a display of jumping that belied the fact he will turn 12 in a matter of days.
It was to see Kauto Star that so many of the 22,000 crowd had made their way to Kempton and they celebrated victory with rapture. He was cheered before the race, cheered during it and roared home at the end.
With almost a mile still to run, Sam Waley-Cohen had started pushing and shoving away at the favourite Long Run as Ruby Walsh gradually asked Kauto Star to increase his advantage.
At the three fences in the home straight, he extended his advantage at each obstacle with a slicker leap than his pursuer and although Long Run was steadily closing in on the run-in he never looked likely to catch the winner.
"For a horse who is 11 to come here and run in the race for the sixth time and win it for the fifth is amazing," said the winning trainer, Paul Nicholls, who had dropped his mobile phone in the excitement of the finish. "If he'd shown any sign that he wasn't as good as ever then we'd have retired him but he's just been so good this autumn and he worked so well on Saturday. If he gets to Cheltenham in that form he'll be the one to beat [in the Gold Cup]."
"It's unbelievable, I'm so proud of him," said his owner, Clive Smith. "He's such a magnificent animal. He's just got such a heart – a heart to win anything."
Nicky Henderson, trainer of Long Run, was keeping a brave face on the defeat and looking forward to a rematch in March's Gold Cup. "It's two-two between them and the decider will be played out in the Cotswolds in March," he said.
William Hill cut Kauto Star to 9-2 from 10-1 to claim a third Cheltenham Gold Cup, with Long Run eased to 3-1 from 5-2.
King George VI Chase


text:
H.R. 4720 (115th)
H.R. 4720 (115th): Abby Honold Act
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1st Session
H. R. 4720
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Mr. Emmer (for himself, Mrs. Handel, Ms. Wasserman Schultz, Ms. Jayapal, Ms. Kuster of New Hampshire, and Mr. Walz) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary
A BILL
To authorize the Office on Violence Against Women to improve the handling of crimes of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking by incorporating a trauma-informed approach into the initial response to and investigation of such crimes.
This Act may be cited as the Abby Honold Act .
Demonstration program on trauma-informed training for law enforcement
the term Attorney General means the Attorney General, acting through the Director of the Office on Violence Against Women;
the term covered individual means an individual who interfaces with victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking, including—
an individual working for or on behalf of an eligible entity;
a school or university administrator; and
an emergency services or medical employee;
the term demonstration site, with respect to an eligible entity that receives a grant under this section, means—
if the eligible entity is a law enforcement agency described in paragraph (4)(A), the area over which the eligible entity has jurisdiction; and
if the eligible entity is an organization or agency described in paragraph (4)(B), the area over which a law enforcement agency described in paragraph (4)(A) that is working in collaboration with the eligible entity has jurisdiction; and
the term eligible entity means—
a State, local, territorial, or tribal law enforcement agency; or
a national, regional, or local victim services organization or agency working in collaboration with a law enforcement agency described in subparagraph (A).
Grants authorized
The Attorney General shall award grants on a competitive basis to eligible entities to carry out the demonstration program under this section by implementing evidence-based or promising policies and practices to incorporate trauma-informed techniques designed to—
prevent re-traumatization of the victim;
ensure that covered individuals use evidence-based practices to respond to and investigate cases of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking;
improve communication between victims and law enforcement officers in an effort to increase the likelihood of the successful investigation and prosecution of the alleged crime in a manner that protects the victim to the greatest extent possible;
increase collaboration among stakeholders who are part of the coordinated community response to domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking; and
evaluate the effectiveness of the training process and content by measuring—
investigative and prosecutorial practices and outcomes; and
the well-being of victims and their satisfaction with the criminal justice process.
The Attorney General shall make grants under this section for each of the first 2 fiscal years beginning after the date of enactment of this Act.
Award basis
The Attorney General shall award grants under this section to multiple eligible entities for use in a variety of settings and communities, including—
urban, suburban, tribal, remote, and rural areas;
college campuses; or
traditionally underserved communities.
An eligible entity that receives a grant under this section shall use the grant to—
train covered individuals within the demonstration site of the eligible entity to use evidence-based, trauma-informed techniques throughout an investigation into domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking, including by—
conducting victim interviews in a manner that—
elicits valuable information about the domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking; and
avoids re-traumatization of the victim;
conducting field investigations that mirror best and promising practices available at the time of the investigation;
customizing investigative approaches to ensure a culturally and linguistically appropriate approach to the community being served;
becoming proficient in understanding and responding to complex cases, including cases of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking—
facilitated by alcohol or drugs;
involving strangulation;
committed by a non-stranger;
committed by an individual of the same sex as the victim;
involving a victim with a disability;
involving a male victim; or
involving a lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (commonly referred to as LGBT ) victim;
developing collaborative relationships between—
law enforcement officers and other members of the response team; and
the community being served; and
developing an understanding of how to define, identify, and correctly classify a report of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking; and
promote the efforts of the eligible entity to improve the response of covered individuals to domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking through various communication channels, such as the website of the eligible entity, social media, print materials, and community meetings, in order to ensure that all covered individuals within the demonstration site of the eligible entity are aware of those efforts and included in trainings, to the extent practicable.
Demonstration program trainings on trauma-Informed approaches
Identification of existing trainings
The Attorney General shall identify trainings for law enforcement officers, in existence as of the date on which the Attorney General begins to solicit applications for grants under this section, that—
employ a trauma-informed approach to domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking; and
focus on the fundamentals of the—
neurobiology of trauma; and
impact of trauma on victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking.
An eligible entity that receives a grant under this section shall select 1 or more of the approaches employed by a training identified under subparagraph (A) to test within the demonstration site of the eligible entity.
In carrying out paragraph (1), the Attorney General shall consult with the Director of the Office for Victims of Crime in order to seek input from and cultivate consensus among outside practitioners and other stakeholders through facilitated discussions and focus groups on best practices in the field of trauma-informed care for victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking.
The Attorney General, in consultation with the Director of the National Institute of Justice, shall require each eligible entity that receives a grant under this section to identify a research partner, preferably a local research partner to—
design a system for generating and collecting the appropriate data to facilitate an independent process or impact evaluation of the use of the grant funds;
periodically conduct an evaluation described in paragraph (1); and
periodically make publicly available, during the grant period—
preliminary results of the evaluations conducted under paragraph (2); and
recommendations for improving the use of the grant funds.
Authorization of appropriations
The Attorney General shall carry out this section using amounts otherwise available to the Attorney General.
Text Comparison


My first exposure to computers began in Year 11 at Cannington Senior High School, Western Australia, circa 1971. One student was taken from each high school for a pilot course in computer programming.
On alternating Sundays, we would either go to Hollywood High School for theory, or the University of Western Australia, Physics Department to use the IBM 1620.
Ever since then I have been hooked. Even the smell of an old punched card is very evocative - the subtle smell of warm oil and the sweet aroma of blank card stock.
Queue for the card punch station - punch a few cards with 10 impatient people breathing down your neck.
Get back on the end of the queue to use the card punch station.
In 1973 I started on my Physics degree at UWA. Many a lunch time was spent punching FORGO programs and running them through the 1620.
One of the more vivid characters I recall was Andrew Marriot, in his bright green felt "gaussian hat" - later going to lecture in the Maths and Computing Department at Curtin (and probably doing something amazing even today).
I remember watching in awe as a transistor radio, perched on top of the console, played melodies using machine code routines written by the engineering students.
The card reader would often fail. A service call to IBM would take several days to rectify the problem.
Engineering students would take matters in to their own hands and affect a repair themselves.
On one occasion as I watched a student, elbow deep in the internals of the card reader, the duty programmer walked in and caught him at it.
He gave us both a good bawling out. Years later I used to work at WARCC (well actually Health Computing) and would sometimes come face to face with the same gentleman.
I doubt that he remembered me - but I always had an urge to dive down the nearest corridor and hide.
In the next room sat the PDP 6. We used to gaze at it in awe. You had to be God to get on to that machine!
PDP 6 pre assembled at DEC factory in Maynard.
Here is the System 340 Display unit sitting in my barn!
I rescued it out of the rain from a scrap metal yard.
PDP 6 as first installed at UWA.
PDP 6 shortly before decommissioning.
In 1974 a series of article by Jamieson Rowe appeared in Electronics Australia.
The first article was titled "Build Your Own Computer"
Over a thirteen month period it set out a series of article describing how to build your own computer out of mainly 7400 logic and a handful of Fairchild chips.
Although thought to be the first project of its kind in the world - it was eventually pipped at the post by the Mark-8 published in Radio-Electronics two weeks earlier.
I was fascinated by this project, but being an impoverished student, had no way of building it.
I spent hours pouring over the circuit diagrams and pcb layouts. A lot of time was also spent in the "Phys" library reading up on the design of discrete component flip flops and attempting to breadboard them from theory.
One day, a couple of electronic engineering students showed me what they had bought from Edwards Business Machines.
It was some circuit boards from a superannuated calculator. For $10 they sold me a shift register board, display driver board and four displays.
Emboldened by this purchase - I visited Edwards Business Machines and bought a Sharp CS-30A electronic calculator. The very nice people at Edwards also gave me photocopies of all the schematic diagrams.
Again I poured over the schematics and PCB's. In theory, for $15, I had enough discrete components to build something along the lines of the Educ-8.
On the face of it, this seems like a very strange way to go - but you have to remember that back then, all the components for the project would have cost $400 - way beyond the means of a lowly student.
Of course - the project never got started, and when I went to Europe in 1983 I sold the calculator in a garage sale. Years later I regretted getting rid of it..
This may seem like a rather pointless little side story - but it was the memory of that calculator that later spurred me to start creating a computer collection.


The National Mastitis Council Regional meeting in Ghent has now come to an end.
With more than 650 people from 51 countries attending the scientific meeting, 450 attending the conference dinner, and hundreds joining us during one or more of the industry seminars or works shops, we can conclude the conference has been a great success.
We hope we have convinced many that the National Mastitis Council offers ample opportunity for knowledge transfer related to mastitis and milk quality and invite you to join this great organization by becoming a member.
Thank you to all attendees and the speakers, instructors and moderators for participating and contributing, and to the sponsors for supporting this meeting.
The congress committee nor Ghent University or any of its subcontractors accept liability for personal medical expenses/travel expenses/ losses of whatever nature incurred by delegates and/or accompanying persons.
Tweets about "#milkquality OR #NMC14 OR @MteamUGent"
Comments on the content: Dimitri.Valckenier@UGent.be. For IT-assistance: Steven.Bruneel@UGent.be.


text:
Q: How can we hear Tyrion pee when he urinates off the top of the Wall? How can we hear Tyrion's pee when he is pissing off of the Wall?

It is way, way down and there is no way we could hear this. What is the explanation?

A: Someone goofed
This answer comes from an out of universe perspective and is mainly an educated guess but it is likely that someone goofed. The "wee noise" starts the second Tyrion started weeing which means it is just a generic stock wee noise. It also starts before Tyrion is in shot so it gives the viewer a better experience to know what he is doing. In real life there likely would be no noise but this gives an odd experience for the viewer especially with how it is filmed.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Native Americans have lived here for thousands of years, long before the state of Montana existed. 78,000 people of Native American heritage currently live in Montana, on the seven reservations as well as throughout our urban areas. It is a growing population. They make up 6.6% of the state's population and they make up 13.7% of the total student population in our public schools.
Each tribal nation has a proud history and unique cultural heritage and language. Each also has a legal relationship to the Federal Government based on a long history of treaties and various laws. The Government to Government relationship which recognizes the sovereignty of these tribal nations is the basis of the relationship with the Federal Government and the State of Montana.
Severe Health Care Disparities: The Montana Health Care Foundation reports that American Indians in Montana die at a median age of 50 years (more than 20 years earlier than non-Indian Montanans). Death rates for specific illnesses, including heart disease, cancer, respiratory illnesses, injuries, and suicide are substantially higher as well.
For 2014 and 2015, the highest rate of suicide in Montana is among American Indians (35.5 per 100,000) followed by Caucasians (28.1 per 100,000) according to the Montana 2016 Suicide Mortality report.
Educational achievement is improving, but American Indian students face higher dropout rates, low graduation rates and lower achievement levels than their non-Indian peers.
American Indians have over-representation in our prison and legal systems.
Violence against Indian women and missing American Indian women is a state and national issue.
Substance abuse, poverty, unemployment, inadequate housing are persistent problems.
Support the sovereignty of Montana's tribal nations and the government to government relationship.
Support the inclusion of American Indian history and culture in our K- higher education systems as outlined by our state's constitution and state statutes.
Support increased access to health insurance, preventive and primary health care to reduce health care disparities.
Support efforts to reduce the high rates of incarceration in our criminal justice systems.
Support efforts to improve the social and economic well-being of Montana's Native American families both on and off reservation.
Support increased participation in the political systems, including supporting progressive candidates and increased access to voting through satellite voting centers in our reservation communities.


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To reduce signs of aging, people massage Vitamin E into the skin and athletes consume it to improve endurance. Now, scientists have the evidence of one of vitamin E's previously unknown body functions.
This powerful antioxidant vitamin helps repair tears in the plasma membranes that protect cells from outside forces and screen what enters and exits. Georgia Health Sciences University researchers reported their findings in the journal Nature Communications.
occurs in muscular dystrophy. Another example is the muscle weakness and common complaint from people with diabetes, the condition is associated with inadequate plasma membrane repair.
Century-old laboratory studies linked vitamin E deficiency to muscle problems but how that occurs remained a mystery until now. A lack of membrane repair caused muscle wasting and death, which promptedthe researchers to look at vitamin E.
Vitamin E appears to assist repair in several ways. As an antioxidant, it helps eliminate destructive by-products from the body's use of oxygen that impede repair. Because it's lipid-soluble, vitamin E can actually insert itself into the membrane to prevent free radicals from attacking. It also can help keep important phospholipids, a major membrane component, compliant so they can better repair after a tear.
As a common example… Exercise causes the cell powerhouse, the mitochondria, to burn a lot more oxygen than normal. "As an unavoidable consequence you produce reactive oxygen species," the researchers explained. The physical force of exercise actually tears the membrane. Vitamin E enables adequate plasma membrane repair despite the oxidant challenge and keeps the situation in balance.
When he mimicked what happens with exercise by using hydrogen peroxide to produce free radicals, he found that tears in skeletal muscle cells would not heal unless pretreated with vitamin E.
The next studies will be aided by two recent National Institutes of Health grants, will include examining membrane repair in vitamin E-deficient animals.
They also want to examine membrane repair failure in diabetes. The team showed that cells taken from animal models of types 1 and 2 diabetes have faulty repair mechanisms. They discovered high glucose was a culprit by soaking cells in a high-glucose solution for eight to 12 weeks, during which time they developed a repair defect. It's also well documented that reactive oxygen species levels are elevated in diabetes.
The Nature Communications paper showed that vitamin E treatment in an animal model of diabetes restored some membrane repair ability.
Also, an analogue of the most biologically active form of vitamin E significantly reversed membrane repair deficits caused by high glucose and increased cell survival after tearing cells in culture.
Story Source: Georgia Health Sciences University.
Georgia Health Sciences University (2011, December 20). Scientists identify an innate function of vitamin E.
New research has shown for the first time that omega-3 in fish oil could "substantially and significantly" reduce the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis.
According to the University of Bristol study, funded by Arthritis Research UK and published in the journal Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, omega-3-rich diets fed to laboratory subjects, which naturally develop osteoarthritis, reduced disease by 50 per cent compared to a standard diet.
The research is a major step forward in showing that omega-3 fatty acids, either from fish oil or flaxseed oil sources, may help to slow down the progression of osteoarthritis, or even prevent it occurring, confirming reports about the benefits of fish oil for joint health.
Researchers from the Matrix Biology Research group at the University of Bristol's School of Veterinary Sciences, said classic early signs of the condition, such as the degradation of collagen in cartilage and the loss of molecules that give it shock-absorbing properties, were both reduced with omega-3.
"Furthermore, there was strong evidence that omega-3 influences the biochemistry of the disease, and therefore not only helps prevent disease, but also slows its progression, potentially controlling established osteoarthritis," they said.
Following government guidelines on dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids could be effective in reducing the burden of osteoarthritis. Fish oil is far more effective than the flax oil based supplement, but for vegetarians flax oil remains a viable alternative.
Further studies are needed to determine the influence of omega-3 fatty acids on established disease in guinea pigs, and to confirm the effects in human osteoarthritis, said the researchers.
Osteoarthritis affects around eight million people in the UK, and is caused when the cartilage at the ends of bones wears away and the underlying bone thickens, leading to stiff, painful joints. Currently, there is no effective treatment to slow down disease progression, and treatment is limited to pain relief and ultimately joint replacement.
Story Source: University of Bristol.
known that too much promotes neurodegenerative diseases.
Researcher scientists at UCLA have now found that in addition to causing cognitive problems, a lack of iron early in life can affect the brain's physical structure as well.
The UCLA neurology research team examined levels of transferrin, a protein that transports iron throughout the body and brain, in adolescents and discovered that the transferrin levels were related to measurable differences in both the brain's macro-structure and micro-structure when the adolescents reached young adulthood.
Iron and the proteins that transport it are critically important for brain function. Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide, causing poor cognitive achievement in school-aged children. Yet later in life, iron overload is associated with damage to the brain, and abnormally high iron concentrations have been found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington diseases.
Since both a deficiency and an excess of iron can negatively impact brain function, the body's regulation of iron transport to the brain is crucial. When iron levels are low, the liver produces more transferrin for increased iron transport. The researchers wanted to know whether brain structure in healthy adults was also dependent on transferrin levels.
"We found that healthy brain wiring in adults depended on having good iron levels in your teenage years," the researchers explained. "This connection was a lot stronger than we expected, especially as we were looking at people who were young and healthy" they said.
To assess brain volume and integrity, the team collected brain MRI scans on 615 healthy young-adult twins and siblings, who had an average age of 23. 574 were also scanned with an MRI called a "diffusion scan," which maps the brain's myelin connections and their strength, or integrity. Myelin is the fatty sheath that coats the brain's nerve axons, allowing for efficient conduction of nerve impulses, and iron plays a key role in myelin production.
Previously researchers used studies to determine whether iron availability in the during period of adolescence impacted the organization of the brain later in life. This period of life is developmentally crucial.
"Adolescence is a period of high vulnerability to brain insults, and the brain is still very actively developing," they emphasised.
By averaging the subjects' transferrin levels, which had been assessed repeatedly at 12, 14 and 16 years of age, the researchers estimated iron availability to the brain during adolescence.
The team discovered that subjects who had elevated transferrin levels (a common indication of poor iron levels in a person's diet) had structural changes in brain regions that are vulnerable to neurodegeneration. Interestingly, further analyses of the twins in the study revealed that a common set of genes influences both transferrin levels and brain structure.
One of the genetic links, a specific variation in a gene called HFE, which is known to influence blood transferrin levels, was associated with reduced brain-fiber integrity, although subjects carrying this gene variant did not yet show any symptoms of disease or cognitive impairment.
"So this is one of the deep secrets of the brain," they said. "the iron in our diet affects the brain so much in our teen years. It matters very much.because myelin speeds your brain's communications, and iron is vital for making myelin, poor iron levels in childhood erode your brain reserves which you need later in life to protect against aging and Alzheimer's.
The findings may aid future studies of how iron transport affects brain function, development and the risk of neurodegeneration.
The research was supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Australia's National Health and Medical Research Council; the Achievement Rewards for College Scientists Foundation; the National Institute of Mental Health; and the Australian Research Council Future Fellowship.
Story Source: University of California – Los Angeles.
It is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Contact your doctor or healthcare professional for medical and nutritional consultation.


text:
A solid detective procedural elevated by the great Alfred Molina
Crime, Mystery
Canada, United Kingdom
Challenging, Character-driven, Depressing
Chief Inspector Armand Gamache and his team investigate a series of perplexing murders, in the seemingly idyllic village of Three Pines and uncover the buried secrets of its eccentric residents. In the process, Gamache is forced to confront buried secrets of his own. Based on the novels by Louise Penny.
Set in the seemingly idyllic town of Three Pines in Quebec, Canada, Three Pines the series follows Chief Inspector Armand Gamache (Alfred Molina) as he attempts to solve a string of murders and disappearances in the area. It's a classic whodunnit that doesn't try too hard to be twisty and complicated; instead, it lays out its clues neatly and cleverly without giving too much away, all while digging deep into local issues such as the institutional neglect of indigenous people.
There's no shortage of mysteries and crime thrillers on TV at the moment, but what makes Three Pines stand out is its seemingly virtuous lead. "You look for good even in the worst of humanity, don't you?" says one witness about Armand, but it will be interesting to find out just how far his well-meaning ways can go.
Read our dedicated guide on how to watch Three Pines >
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Using a mix of reenactments and archival footage, this series dives deep into the history and psyche of the legendary Wall Street fraudster
The Kingdom: Exodus
A horrific masterpiece that stands out in a saturated TV market
This dramatization of a true crime documentary is a masterclass in storytelling
Belascoarán, PI
An inventive tribute to detective films of yore
An enjoyable mafia drama that highlights an action vet's comedic chops
Challenging, emotional, and wildly imaginative, this is a winning entry into the sci-fi genre
The bizarrely real story of how the male strip joint came to be
An ambitious multilingual mystery from the creators of sci-fi hit Dark
The Devil's Hour
A mind-bending, hair-raising thriller co-produced by the makers of Sherlock and Doctor Who
A brilliantly-built sci-fi series from the creators of Westworld


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A classic addition to any closet, the Spill Dot shirt from Santa Cruz is a true winner. This black, 100% cotton short sleeve shirt features a neon pink, blue, green and yellow classic Dot image at the left chest and back.
Spill Dot Black T-Shirt from Santa Cruz.
Screen-printed logo graphics on left chest and back.


text:
Q: Autofac xml configuration for addons In order to better understand how I can use Autofac with json/xml configuration, I'm creating a small sample application that will support addons. The solution contains the following assemblies: (1) BusinessLogic.Interfaces, (2) BusinessLogic1, (3) BusinessLogic2, (4) DependencyInjection, and (5) Views. The latter is a simple Winforms assembly that I can use to test the application.
Assembly 'BusinessLogic.Interfaces' contains only one interface, IFoo. The two BusinessLogic assemblies both contain only one type, Foo, which both implement IFoo. With this setup, I can configure the DI container to give me an appropriate implementation of IFoo. Following the documentation on Autofac site, I get the following code for reading the configuration file
private static ContainerBuilder CreateBuilderFromConfigFile()
{
    var config = new configurationBuilder();
    config.AddJsonFile("autofac.json"); //BTW, requires m_a_n_y nuget packages
    var module = new ConfigurationModule(config.Build());
    var builder = new ContainerBuilder();
    builder.RegisterModule(module);
    return builder;
}

with the following configuration
{
  "components": [{
     "type": "BusinessLogic2.Foo, BusinessLogic.Interfaces",
     "services": [{
        "type": "BusinessLogic.Interfaces.IFoo, BusinessLogic.Interfaces"
    }]
  }]
}

In Class DependencyInjection.DiContainer, I use
 public void Initialize(Containerbuidler builder)
 {
     Container = builder.Build(); //definition 'Container' not shown here
 }

When assembly View is linked to BusinessLogic1 and BusinessLogic2, this code works. In the json file I can easily change which implementation to use.
If I remove BusinessLogic2 from the references of the View assembly, I run into problems. I get an InvalidOperationExecption on the command 'builder.Build()'. That is reasonable as the requested type is in an assembly that has not been loaded. Therefore I load assemblies using reflection. Following this tutorial , I have added the following method
private static void LoadAddons(string searchInFolder, string pattern)
{
   foreach(var fileName in Directory.GetFiles(searchInFolder, pattern))
   {
      Assembly.LoadFrom(fileName);
   }
}

Now, in the main method, I first call method LoadAddons and subsequently CreateBuidlerFromConfigFile. In the Modules view of Visual Studio (Debug -> Windows -> Modules) I see that BusinessLogic2 has been loaded, but still there is an InvalidOperationException.
Edit The exception message is:
"An unhandled exception of type 'System.InvalidOperationException' occurred in Autofac.Configuration.dll
Additional information: The type 'BusinessLogic2.Foo, BusinessLogic' could not be found. It may require assembly qualification, e.g. "MyType, MyAssembly".
How do I tell Autofac, configured using xml/json, to register a type that is dynamically loaded?"


text:
PSU Baseball drops pair to Salve Regina
FORT MYERS, Fla. - Salve Regina University scored 20 runs on 25 hits and kept Plymouth State University hitters off the scoreboard Sunday evening, shutting out the Panthers 8-0 and 12-0 in a baseball doubleheader at the annual Gene Cusic Collegiate Classic.
Plymouth State bats, which pounded out 23 hits in a doubleheader split on Saturday against the University of Scranton, fell silent Sunday against Salve. PSU managed six hits in the opener, two each by senior Brandon Hodge (Bradford, Vt.) and junior Josh Roberti (Cranston, R.I.), but couldn't push a run across. The Panthers were limited to three hits in the nightcap, including a last-ditch effort in the last inning when junior Jay Kleponis (Reading, Mass.) and senior John Pogorzelski (Hillsborough, N.J.) reached on singles, but the next two batters struck out and flew out to end the night.
Freshman John Andersch (Concord, N.H.) was the Panther starter in the opener, working four innings and surrendering seven runs while striking out five. Junior Chris Welch (South Burlington, Vt.) started the nightcap but was knocked out in the fourth inning and took the loss.
PSU, 1-3, looks to rebound with two more games on Monday in Florida with a 4:00 p.m. doubleheader against Amherst College.
-- 30 --


Are you looking for a waterfront home? Horsehead Lake and the Tri-Lakes in Mecosta County Michigan are some of the nicest lakes you will ever find. Pristine water, great fishing, all-sports water, sandy beaches for swimming is something everyone hopes for in lake front homes. There is a new area on my website to quickly search homes on these two lakes and it will show you all of the wonderful property for sale. We have new homes listed this fall so be sure to check out the website page "Horsehead Lake and the Tri-Lakes for these great waterfront homes.
Call me for your personal tour anytime!
Here is a link to get to the website page - Horsehead Lake and the Tri-Lakes - click here!


text:
Q: Stuck on Boot Screen Ubuntu I have a dual boot Windows 10 and Ubuntu (on external hard disk). I'm not able to boot Ubuntu as it gets stuck on the boot screen.
I have tried purging and reinstalling the nvidia drivers, updating gsm3 . But nothing is working.
Later I started getting these errors before the boot screen.
Error img 1
Error img 2
Can anyone suggest a way to solve this problem? Thanks!


text:
// Copyright 2021 The Chromium Authors
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>

#include "base/command_line.h"
#include "base/memory/raw_ptr.h"
#include "base/values.h"
#include "chrome/browser/browser_process.h"
#include "chrome/browser/profiles/keep_alive/profile_keep_alive_types.h"
#include "chrome/browser/profiles/keep_alive/scoped_profile_keep_alive.h"
#include "chrome/browser/profiles/profile.h"
#include "chrome/browser/profiles/profile_manager.h"
#include "chrome/browser/ui/browser.h"
#include "chrome/browser/ui/browser_list.h"
#include "chrome/browser/ui/startup/startup_browser_creator.h"
#include "chrome/browser/ui/startup/startup_tab_provider.h"
#include "chrome/test/base/in_process_browser_test.h"
#include "components/keep_alive_registry/keep_alive_types.h"
#include "components/keep_alive_registry/scoped_keep_alive.h"
#include "components/policy/core/browser/browser_policy_connector.h"
#include "components/policy/core/common/mock_configuration_policy_provider.h"
#include "components/policy/core/common/policy_types.h"
#include "components/policy/policy_constants.h"
#include "content/public/test/browser_test.h"
#include "testing/gmock/include/gmock/gmock.h"
#include "testing/gtest/include/gtest/gtest.h"
#include "third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/types/optional.h"
#include "url/gurl.h"

namespace {
typedef absl::optional<policy::PolicyLevel> PolicyVariant;
}

class StartupBrowserCreatorWelcomeBackTest : public InProcessBrowserTest {
 protected:
  StartupBrowserCreatorWelcomeBackTest() = default;

  void SetUpInProcessBrowserTestFixture() override {
    provider_.SetDefaultReturns(
        /*is_initialization_complete_return=*/true,
        /*is_first_policy_load_complete_return=*/true);

    policy::BrowserPolicyConnector::SetPolicyProviderForTesting(&provider_);
  }

  void SetUpOnMainThread() override {
    profile_ = browser()->profile();

    // Keep the browser process and Profile running when all browsers are
    // closed.
    scoped_keep_alive_ = std::make_unique<ScopedKeepAlive>(
        KeepAliveOrigin::BROWSER, KeepAliveRestartOption::DISABLED);
    scoped_profile_keep_alive_ = std::make_unique<ScopedProfileKeepAlive>(
        profile_, ProfileKeepAliveOrigin::kBrowserWindow);
    // Close the browser opened by InProcessBrowserTest.
    CloseBrowserSynchronously(browser());
    ASSERT_EQ(0U, BrowserList::GetInstance()->size());
  }

  void StartBrowser(PolicyVariant variant) {
    browser_creator_.set_welcome_back_page(true);

    if (variant) {
      policy::PolicyMap values;
      values.Set(policy::key::kRestoreOnStartup, variant.value(),
                 policy::POLICY_SCOPE_MACHINE, policy::POLICY_SOURCE_CLOUD,
                 base::Value(4), nullptr);
      base::Value url_list(base::Value::Type::LIST);
      url_list.Append("http://managed.site.com/");
      values.Set(policy::key::kRestoreOnStartupURLs, variant.value(),
                 policy::POLICY_SCOPE_MACHINE, policy::POLICY_SOURCE_CLOUD,
                 std::move(url_list), nullptr);
      provider_.UpdateChromePolicy(values);
    }

    ASSERT_TRUE(browser_creator_.Start(
        base::CommandLine(base::CommandLine::NO_PROGRAM), base::FilePath(),
        {profile_, StartupProfileMode::kBrowserWindow},
        g_browser_process->profile_manager()->GetLastOpenedProfiles()));
    ASSERT_EQ(1U, BrowserList::GetInstance()->size());
  }

  void ExpectUrlInBrowserAtPosition(const GURL& url, int tab_index) {
    Browser* browser = BrowserList::GetInstance()->get(0);
    TabStripModel* tab_strip = browser->tab_strip_model();
    EXPECT_EQ(url, tab_strip->GetWebContentsAt(tab_index)->GetVisibleURL());
  }

  void TearDownOnMainThread() override {
    scoped_profile_keep_alive_.reset();
    scoped_keep_alive_.reset();
  }

 private:
  raw_ptr<Profile> profile_ = nullptr;
  std::unique_ptr<ScopedKeepAlive> scoped_keep_alive_;
  std::unique_ptr<ScopedProfileKeepAlive> scoped_profile_keep_alive_;
  StartupBrowserCreator browser_creator_;
  testing::NiceMock<policy::MockConfigurationPolicyProvider> provider_;
};

IN_PROC_BROWSER_TEST_F(StartupBrowserCreatorWelcomeBackTest,
                       WelcomeBackStandardNoPolicy) {
  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(StartBrowser(PolicyVariant()));
  ExpectUrlInBrowserAtPosition(StartupTabProviderImpl::GetWelcomePageUrl(false),
                               0);
}

IN_PROC_BROWSER_TEST_F(StartupBrowserCreatorWelcomeBackTest,
                       WelcomeBackStandardMandatoryPolicy) {
  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
      StartBrowser(PolicyVariant(policy::POLICY_LEVEL_MANDATORY)));
  ExpectUrlInBrowserAtPosition(GURL("http://managed.site.com/"), 0);
}

IN_PROC_BROWSER_TEST_F(StartupBrowserCreatorWelcomeBackTest,
                       WelcomeBackStandardRecommendedPolicy) {
  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
      StartBrowser(PolicyVariant(policy::POLICY_LEVEL_RECOMMENDED)));
  ExpectUrlInBrowserAtPosition(GURL("http://managed.site.com/"), 0);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Leptoria phrygia is een rifkoralensoort uit de familie van de Merulinidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1786 door John Ellis & Daniel Solander.

Rifkoralen


Below is a list compiled of various good characteristics. Note which qualities that you have, and which you lack in. Try and better your character, inshaAllah.
Care taken when speaking, think before you talk.
A muslim should help others unless they ask for help in forbidden matters.
Care should be taken when making promises lest one cannot fulfill them.
Give sincere advice when it is sought by others.
Keep promises and be reliable.
Be modest. Don't show off.
Think wisely before doing any action.
Defend others when they are absent from slander.
Do not be suspicious of fellow muslims.
Don't be nosey in matters that don't concern you.
Don't be proud and don't draw attention to ones own good deeds.
Don't ridicule or scoff at others. Treat with respect.
Be obedient to Allah, offer the 5 prayers and obey the Qur'an & Sunnah.


Each fall, the School of Information hosts Connect with UMSI, a series of information sessions where prospective students learn about our innovative and flexible Master of Science in Information degree, our PhD in Information, and our Master of Health Informatics.
During the Connect with UMSI event, prospective students have the opportunity to learn more about the UMSI curriculum, the admissions process, financial aid, engaged learning opportunities, and career services. During the event, we hope to expose you to the energy and enthusiasm of the UMSI community and increase your own excitement about the possibility of joining our diverse and dynamic school.
For the convenience of those who wish to attend, each information session is presented twice, once on a weekday evening and once on a Saturday. All events will be held in Palmer Commons, 100 Washtenaw Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.
Prospective students interested in learning about the Master of Health Informatics can attend MHI Prospective Student Day on Friday, October 26 or Tuesday, December 4.
Questions? Call (734) 763-2285 or e-mail umsi.admissions@umich.edu.


text:
Honda plans production version of FCX fuel cell concept
Stuart Waterman
Jan 10th 2006 at 10:00AM
Making its North American debut at NAIAS after its unveiling at the Tokyo Motor Show just four months ago, Autoblog's Erin Mays reports that the extreme cab-forward FCX hydrogen fuel cell concept is now set for production.
American Honda Motor announced at NAIAS Sunday that it will begin production in Japan of its next generation FCX hydrogen fuel cell vehicle in just three or four years. The production car is said to closely resemble the FCX concept vehicle shown above.
The design of the FCX makes the most of the packaging advantages of Honda's fuel cell powertrain, which allows designers a low floor, low center of gravity, and plenty of cabin space.
Honda's V Flow fuel cell stack fits within the car's central tunnel and puts out 100kw of power. The powertrain features three motors, one in the front and a smaller unit in each rear wheel. The concept car can store sufficient hydrogen to give a cruising range of 350 miles.
The FCX concept is intended to be paired with the Home Energy Station, a residential energy system that supplies hydrogen fuel for the vehicle, as well as heat and electricity for the home.
Complete information on the FCX concept is available here.
[Source: American Honda]