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Archive for the 'RVI' Category
Ron Serving on California Work Group to Promote IPM
Published June 11, 2021	RVI Leave a Comment
Tags: IPM, Personal Stories, pesticide alternatives
Thanks to Kimberly Rivers for a great little article about our in-house Pest Control Advisor Ron Whitehurst on an adventure with various pest management experts from around the state co-creating a common vision for a paradigm shift in pest management. Ron brings unique knowledge and experience about why IPM does not need to include any dangerous pesticides. Here is Kimberly's article:
BUG GROWER JOINS STATE SUSTAINABLE PEST MANAGEMENT WORK GROUP I RON WHITEHURST TO HELP REDUCE CHEMICAL USE ACROSS STATE
May 12, 2021 | Kimberly Rivers, News, Ventura | 0 |
Last month West Ventura resident Ron Whitehurst, pest control advisor and co-owner of Rincon-Vitova Insectaries Inc., was named to a new 26-member working group aimed at shifting the state's agricultural operations away from the use of harmful chemicals, a stated goal of Gov. Gavin Newsom.
"Transitioning away from toxic pesticides requires us to speed up the development of effective alternatives," said Jared Blumenfeld, secretary of the California Environmental Protection Agency. "By giving our farmers a suite of integrated pest management tools, we can better protect farmworkers and some of California's most vulnerable communities. This dynamic task force will give us the roadmap to achieve this bold vision."
Whitehurst with the other members of the new Sustainable Pest Management Work Group will work over the next 18 months to advise the California Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR) in developing policies to use non-chemical means for management of pest issues in agriculture.
Taking a whole systems perspective, Whitehurst has developed his biological pest control knowledge over a lifetime of organic farming and gardening, and through working with mentor and Rincon-Vitova founder Everett J. "Deke" Dietrick, who pioneered effective biological control methods with his "Five Features of Ecologically Based Pest Management," over 50 years ago.
In October of last year, Newsom signed an order (1) citing the climate crisis and advancing directives to various state agencies including the California Environmental Protection Agency and California Department of Food and Agriculture to "reinvigorate populations of pollinator insects across the state, which restore biodiversity and improve agricultural production." The directive includes implementation of "strategic efforts to protect California's native plants and animals from invasive species and pests that threaten biodiversity and economic activities," as well as to "enhance soil health and biodiversity through the Healthy Soils Initiative."
Newsom's order led to a plan to increase fees associated with pesticide use, which will be used to fund programs initiated by the new order, including the new work group.
Historically, the fees were standardized for all chemicals, regardless of level of toxicity. A tiered system is being considered with increased fees for chemicals that the state rates as more dangerous. The fee structure also brings back the Biologically Integrated Farming System (BIFS) programs using farmer-to-farmer and farmworker pest management training in organic and regenerative systems to build healthy soils with greater organic carbon, increased water holding capacity and resilient crop yields.
Rincon-Vitova Insectaries, Inc., is located off of Ventura Avenue at 108 Orchard Drive and since 1950 has promoted ecologically-based agriculture solutions by providing beneficial organisms to enhance suppression and management of pests and diseases.
https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/10.07.2020-EO-N-82-20-.pdf
https://www.rinconvitova.com
Hello Internet! This is Calista Marsh, writing as an intern at Rincon – Vitova Insectaries.
I discovered Rincon – Vitova Insectaries through an environmental work-study class I was taking at Ventura High School. Being my first official internship, I was a little nervous when I walked in the door. Of course, there was no need; I was met by the friendly atmosphere that I have come to love about this place. The first thing we did was to go out into the garden and release green lacewings. This was the perfect introduction to the business, as I got to see firsthand the product and the reason for our efforts. I was also introduced to the cats, dogs, and geese living on the property, all of whom I've come to enjoy. By the time I left that first day, I could tell I my time here would be well spent.
The weeks that followed were filled with variety, from taking a trip to a horse rescue to building fly parasite release stations for our customers. No day has been exactly like the last, and each brings new knowledge and skills. Many days, I come home afterwards with bags of fruit or seeds or, more recently, a young loquat plant.
It is easy to say that I have enjoyed my time here, and easier still to say I've enjoyed the people. If I could imagine the ideal place to work (or in my case, to intern), Rincon – Vitova Insectaries would be a pretty good match. I am grateful to have had the opportunity to spend my time here, and I hope I've been helpful these past few weeks.
RVI Comments on Local Climate Action Plan and Agriculture and Water Chapters of the General Plan
Published January 22, 2018	RVI Leave a Comment
Supervisor Steve Bennett, District 1
CC Supervisor Linda Parks, District 2; Phil White, Planning Commissioner, District 1; Susan Curtis, General Plan Update Manager
Dear Supervisor Bennett,
Generally our concern is that the current documents for the General Plan Update make insufficient reference to the centrality of and connections to climate change, and specifically to the parallel role of carbon sequestration along with emissions reduction and the requisite related policy to keep rain water on the land to support re-vegetation and carbon sequestration.
Also, in the Agriculture Chapter the resource of farmers and farm workers is missing as well as the myriad and growing linkages between agriculture and the whole community. In this letter we will suggest ideas and improved language in these areas. We have other suggestions and we know there are many more good examples of these features that might be added to the background documents, but these are the most important, are illustrative, and all we have time to get down.
Vision statement: CFROG's language is superior in every way to that approved by the Planning Commission. Aside from your appointee who did his best under the circumstances, we believe the Commission was unreasonable and staff was not very helpful in the discussion about what CFROG proposed on behalf of dozens of organizations. Highlighted in CFROG's proposed language below is most needed additional wording to make it true to science, state legislation, and the existential threat of climate change:
Vision Statement: Ventura County is a remarkable place to live, with clean water and air for all residents and visitors. Our exceptional quality of life and economic vibrancy are rooted in regenerative, inclusive, non-toxic stewardship of all aspects of the place we call home. The protection and conservation of our soil, air, water, cultural heritage, natural resources, open spaces, human spirit and creativity are foundations of local policy and governance and together create the framework required for healthy people and a healthy economy.
In the vein of true stewardship, the Ventura County General Plan reflects the county's ongoing commitment to doing our part within a global society facing the impacts of Climate Change, by continually collaborating with local residents, businesses, agencies, organizations and cities to reduce our greenhouse gas emissions and draw down the overall amount of carbon in the atmosphere.
Guiding principle for Climate Action Plan: Include "sequester (or draw down) carbon" as codified by SB 1386.
Climate Change and Resilience Guiding Principle: Reduce greenhouse gas emissions [insert: and sequester carbon] to achieve all adopted targets, proactively anticipate and mitigate the impacts of climate change, promote employment opportunities in alternative energy and reducing greenhouse gases, and increase resilience to the effects of climate change.
The Background Document for the Agriculture Chapter is missing reference to human resources and to community linkages. The Background Documents for the Agriculture and Climate Chapters need to include Ventura County's exceptional history and achievement with biologically based pest management, carbon sequestration practices, and roles of agricultural and storm water management practices in climate change mitigation.
Section 9.1 Agricultural Resources would be improved by a section about farmers, farm labor, consultants and suppliers. The Farm Bureau of Ventura County (FBVC), reports that the county employs 20,000 farm workers annually. The number of farm workers ranges seasonally from a low of 15,000 to a high of 25,000 during the peak spring and summer harvest of strawberries, lemons and avocados. The average age is 32. 95% were born in Mexico with an average of 53% who speak Spanish only and many speaking only Mixtec. The average duration in the US is 11 years. The average income of those workers is about $22,000 a year while the average rent for a two-bedroom apartment is $62,200.
House Farm Workers! was founded in 2004 to influence policy and do public outreach about the need for safe, decent and affordable farm worker housing. Several other organizations have stepped up to improve the conditions of farm workers in the county. The United Farm Workers aims to engage immigrants, works to reform the immigration system, and networks to influence policies and expand services. A survey of farm workers conducted by Central Coast Alliance United for a Sustainable Economy (CAUSE) conducted a survey in 2015 of farm workers. 7 in 10 farm workers said their working conditions were dangerous or harmful to their health. 42% said they never take time off work for any reason. Three in 5 farm workers in Ventura County said they've experienced at least one form of wage theft. Ventura County formed a Farm Worker Resource Program Advisory Committee in 2017 to set up an office and trained staff to address farm worker issues.
Farmers total ? in the county. The Ventura County Farm Bureau, founded in 1914, represents grower interests, fosters community action, and manages the Ventura County Agricultural Irrigated Lands Group, which was established in 2006 to help growers and agricultural landowners comply with state water quality regulations.
Organic Farming: On page 9-32 the definition of organic farming is incorrect. Here is the USDA National Organic Program definition that should be used on page 9-32 (here is a description of practices: https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/Organic%20Practices%20Factsheet.pdf)
DELETE: as farming practices that rely on natural fertilizers such as compost, manure, green manure, and bone meal in lieu of chemical pesticides.
INSERT: The USDA organic regulations describe organic agriculture as the application of a set of cultural, biological, and mechanical practices that support the cycling of on-farm resources, promote ecological balance, and conserve biodiversity. These include maintaining or enhancing soil and water quality; conserving wetlands, woodlands, and wildlife; and avoiding use of synthetic fertilizers, sewage sludge, irradiation, and genetic engineering.
The next paragraph can then include among organic practices the use of compost, mulch, cover crops, hedgerows, and diversified borders and interplantings.
Invasive Pests and Diseases on page 9-35 should be renamed Pest and Disease Management to accurately reflect the full scope of highest priority farming practices that prevent pests and disease. We would like to see that section begin by acknowledging the exceptional history and achievement of Ventura County farmers, landscape managers and gardeners with preventive practices that diversify farm ecosystems, build soil and plant resistance to pests and disease and thus proactively avoid use of pesticides.
Biologically Based Pest Management in Ventura County: Ventura County has been the historical home to seven beneficial insect production companies including three grower-owned cooperatives whose members were or are economically successful thanks to their investment in biologically-based pest management services. Least-toxic pest control products are manufactured and sold in the county and sold by many agricultural suppliers. The precautionary principle guides pest management decisions for many growers who do not use high-risk pesticides except as a last resort when there is no alternative to save a crop. There is a legacy and current investment in cutting edge knowledge about alternatives to the use of toxic pesticides. Despite the access to biologically based pest and disease management resources, pest management information from the county's cooperative extension and Master Gardener Program are provided in a framework of Integrated Pest Management in which toxic pesticides are more commonly recommended than preventive and biologically based solutions.
The UC Cooperative Extension, Center for Regenerative Agriculture (CRA) and the Dietrick Institute for Applied Insect Ecology (DI) are among the institutions that extend those Best Management Practices. Dr Ben Faber at the UC Cooperative Extension has, for example, been promoting the use of mulch in orchards for over twenty years, a practice that conserves water and holds carbon. David White has led CRA to host four courses in Ojai by the world-reknown soil ecologist Elaine Ingham resulting in approximately 150 graduate soil foodweb practitioners in the region. DI's recommendations for enhancing beneficial insect habitat using non-crop borders, interplantings and hedgerows remain a common practice seen beautifying farms and attracting and providing food for naturally occurring beneficial insects.
Bill Camarillo of Agromin may provide over 90 percent of the compost and mulch applied on working lands in the county; those quantities should be part of the record. Jamie Whitecomb at the Ventura County Resource Conservation District and Dawn Afman, USDA-NRCS Soil Conservationist are familiar with soil conservation practices, achievements and needs through promotion of the Organic Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP). Transition to Organics Ojai maps lands that are managed biologically to avoid toxic pesticides and sequester carbon.
The CALANDS model being developed by CARB for tracking statewide goals and targets for carbon sequestration now offers a reliable regional framework. The COMET-Farm Voluntary Carbon Reporting Tool allows farmers/ranchers to estimate carbon values for various management practices in order to apply for California Healthy Soils Initiative payments from the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund. There is know-how and funding to quantify baseline and changes in carbon and emissions for all land categories by type, ownership and management practices or by degradation due to drought, fire, flood, or agronomic inputs.
Farm and Community Linkages
We strongly recommend that a section on this topic be added, perhaps on Farming Operations on page 9-35 to celebrate the good news story about Ventura agriculture's growing high-quality interactions with the community at large. This relationship has been fostered for decades through the UC Hansen Trust whose mission is to sustain agriculture in Ventura County through research and education to benefit the community as a whole.
The Students for Eco-Education and Agriculture (SEEAG) founded in 2008 by Mary Maranville has held a Farm Day every fall since 2012 with self-guided tours to 20 unique agri-tourism destinations that can be found in Ventura County to connect people with their agricultural roots.
SEEAG also made a remarkable achievement in 2017 hosting every third grader in Ventura County to Petty Ranch for Farm Lab. The lesson includes "The Journey of our Food", "The Biology of Healthy Farm Soil", "Bugs: Pollinators, Pests and Beneficials", and "The Life Cycle and Science of Plants" and the next class of third graders will enjoy these learning experiences.
SEEAG and other organizations also provide lessons about agriculture for middle and high school students in the S.T.E.M. program. High school students attend the Annual Agriculture Career Fair held at the Museum of Agriculture in Santa Paula that also hosts tours with stations focused on plant growth, farm to table labor dynamics, seasonal produce, beneficial insects, farm practices past and present, water issues, and more. Santa Paula High School is the site of a new school farm as well as a thriving Future Farmers of America program and a new self-funding horticulture therapy training program, Growing Works, is launching in 2018 in Camarillo. There are three Grange programs with youth livestock programs in the county in addition to 4H.
The Ventura Unified School District (VUSD) is the site of one of southern California's premier Farm to School programs. The program's goals are to provide local students with healthy lunches and nutrition education and connect schools to local farmers. Ojai's Food for Thought program is also a collaboration with Farm to School. Many other schools have school gardens, often with small grants from Captain Planet Foundation where lessons are tied to common core curriculum standards and encourage inquiry-based and hands-on experiential learning. Among them are E.P. Foster Elementary, Mound and Sheridan Way Elementary schools in Ventura; Rio Del Norte Elementary School and Tierra Vista Elementary in Oxnard; and San Antonio Elementary School in Ojai.
Finally there are 12 Farmer's Markets, 14 Community Gardens and the Abundant Table Farm was awarded a multi-year USDA grant to found a Food Hub to improve market access for producers along with their potential for expanding the availability of healthy, fresh food, especially in underserved communities.
3. Water Chapter:
What appears missing in the Water Chapter is a focus on what happens to rain in the hills above each of the county's three watersheds. There have been decades of erosion in upland gullies, flooding and denuding the land as stormwater floods into the three main rivers and to the sea. Some hydrologists see the intensified drought, wildfire and floods that are coming with climate change as symptoms of a global pattern of failure to safeguard the ability of the uplands to slow and sink rain water into the ground. Also, in developed areas, impervious pavement is further causing not just with heat island effects but, due to channeling of rain water into storm drains and out to sea, is dehydrating developed lands.
These conditions need to be included in the background document to provide a framework for goal-setting to reverse these trends through small earthworks, such as catchments, swales with diversions, microbasins, and many other measures that capture stormwater to prevent flooding and its contribution to sea level rise, make the streams and rivers stable and fed by underground water movement that best supports fish populations, support a succession of perennial vegetation to restore degraded lands and reduce heat islands while sequestering carbon and through increased evapo-transpiration restoring small cooling water cycles or microclimates. Where rain water flows is closely tied to the Climate Action Plan because you cannot sequester more carbon when the soil does not hold water, nor can you effectively mitigate the conditions for wildfires or flooding when the soil has lost water-holding capacity. It was clearly observed that irrigated land served as a firebreak in the Thomas Fire, except when palms and arundo were present. Even well-watered eucalyptus trees did not burn.
The hydrologists with a new organization called Rain for Climate explain the process of degradation and restoration of small water cycles. The principal hydrologist Michal Kravcik worked with me and wrote the attached proposal last May for how to apply these principles to the Ventura River Watershed Initiative.
Michal Kravcik is now putting his attention on the upper tributaries of the Santa Clara River. We learned from the county hydrologist that the high probability of flooding at the levee at River Park is forecast to be 60% fed by Sespe Creek. Small measures to re-hydrate and vegetate the uplands of Sespe Wilderness Area could remove the need for the proposed $41 million levee repair that engineers said may still not stand up to the big flood predicted even before the fires.
We recommend that the background document for the Water Chapter describe not just the hydrology of the streams, riverbeds and water stored above and below ground, but to put attention on the opportunities coming with the rapidly shifting paradigm about the advantages and methods for keeping rain where it falls, especially in the hills above our towns. The techniques are proven, very inexpensive, capable of being done by volunteers with hand tools, and the benefits go far beyond local storm water management. At risk of troubling wildlife professionals who have had some bad experiences with beaver, we would like it on record that evidence has been found that beaver once inhabited the Sespe wilderness. We have recently been persuaded that reintroduction of beaver in the uplands of the Sespe would bring potential services for flood prevention that far outweigh their annoying, but manageable behaviors.
On page 10-2 are found the general practices associated with land development of vegetation removal and channeling water to the ocean. It states, "Some development can significantly alter land topography. Removal of natural vegetation and manmade structures such as levees, dams, and diversion structures disrupt natural hydrologic processes (i.e. sediment transport and deposition, groundwater recharge). These changes alter water velocity, river substrate, water shading, soil moisture, and other ecosystem characteristics needed by fish and wildlife."
What is missing from that list of impacts is flooding, heat island effects and desertification that are drivers of climate change. These impacts are contributing to global warming and sea level rise. Reversing these negative impacts of development will cool and stabilize microclimates because natural hydrologic processes involving latent heat of evapotranspiration from vegetation are restored and the mulch layer on soil and the root systems receive and hold rain water. The sum of many such mostly small, simple local actions can stabilize the climate over whole continents.
Thanks for the opportunity to share our perspectives.
Jan Dietrick, MPH, President, and Ron Whitehurst, PCA, Co-Owners
Rincon-Vitova Insectaries, Inc, 108 Orchard Dr, Ventura, CA 93001
I'm Marching for iMatter (http://imattermarch.org/about-us/)
Published May 10, 2011	RVI Leave a Comment
Tags: food security, sustainable farming
I support the iMatter March Sunday, May 15th, 1 – 3, Libbey Park, Ojai. http://imattermarch.org/march/location/ojai-ca/
I saw iMatter campaigner Alec Loorz speak two years ago at Ventura's Wild & Scenic Film Festival. He was urging reduction in use of fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emissions and he isn't letting up. http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/thereporters/richardblack/2011/05/generation_climate_game.html.
My motivation to march was upped a notch on hearing that sea level will be five (5) feet instead of three (3) feet higher as a result of already released greenhouse gases. We've been working since 2004 towards carbon neutrality in our lives and business preferring conservation and clean energy production rather than buying offsets and we're just not there yet. More learning about the interwoven feedback loops accelerating global warming has really got our attention. Alec and friends organized the SLAP, Sea Level Awareness Project, installing posts at the beach showing where sea level will be with each degree of warming. He wrote the Declaration of Independence from Fossil Fuel http://www.acespace.org/declaration/see-full-petition that was signed by 30,000 youth and presented last November on Capitol Hill. Wow, Alec, how can we help?
In a just released book, Hot, Living Through the Next 50 Years on Earth, investigative journalist Mark Hertsgaard calls today's children Generation Hot. He believes that thousands will bravely arise, better late than never, like Dorothy questing for the Wicked Witch's broomstick and Harry Potter confronting and defeating his parent's murderer, ordinary heroes inspiring the transition to a low carbon society. Reporting from around the world, he cries out for his five year old Chiara who will have to live through this, and, when she is his age, the temperatures may still not have stopped rising.
Considering these issues in a positive, practical and principled moral overview is a four-page statement by the Baha'i International Community entitled Seizing the Opportunity: Redefining the challenge of climate change. The education of children and youth is surprisingly the initial focal point. Best they learn to think in terms of systems, processes and relationships, it states, rather than in terms of isolated disciplines. Also teach them the skills for action, it says, through public service projects and working in groups, such as the iMatter youth are doing.
The focus of the statement shifts to the level of community with an emphasis on greater participation of women with men in how to mitigate and adapt. Women are usually the ones getting food, water and some way to cook and stay warm; also, women are more vulnerable than men to natural disasters. Therefore, it encourages women to be heard at the consulting table.
The statement also urges people of faith to raise their voices sharing a scriptural basis for ethical action and leading national and international efforts. That said, Baha'is call for an end to the dichotomy between religion and science. "The methods of science facilitate a more objective and systematic approach to problem solving while religion concerns itself with those moral inclinations that motivate action for the common good."
The last focal point in the statement's considerations is on the responsibility of governments, where Alec's attention is focused. The Baha'i International Community calls on governments to build a new global climate change agreement that suitably addresses the scope of the problem and meets the needs of the most vulnerable societies. This global agreement will define the infrastructure for how to distribute resources and accelerate innovation towards a low-carbon society. Developed nations will agree to reduce emissions and developing nations will agree to the transition to "cleaner development pathways". The Baha'i International Community envisions the climate change crisis ushering in "a new paradigm by means of which we can understand our purpose and responsibilities in an interconnected world; a new standard by which to evaluate human progress; and a mode of governance faithful to the ties that bind us as members of one human race."
The iMatter campaign fulfills the optimism of Mark Hertsgaard and the advice from the Baha'i International Community. Youth translating their awareness into action, potentially heroic action, to educate, if not end the squandering of the ruling generation. They are suing the government for inter-generational injustice, telling elected officials to get a lot more fired up and really do what needs to be done now. I matter. I have value. I have dignity. Pure and simple.
I am convinced that it would reduce energy dependence and create jobs if we support local production of cradle to grave things people need, especially food. This argument was powerfully presented by a young activist for the 10% Campaign | Building North Carolina's Local Food Economy at the Carolina Farm Stewardship Conference December 2010 as well as the keynote by Michael Shuman doing the math on how many more jobs are created by investing locally. He explains the increasing profitability and competitiveness of local businesses in this Ted Talk: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RWM0o1rfWwE.
Future food shortages have been forecast as the biggest threat to world stability. Sustainable and organic farming, especially at the local level, is more productive and resilient to severe weather than industrial chemical agriculture. http://www.energybulletin.net/…/un-report-supports-sustainable-agriculture-march-9 Genetically modified seed portends an even higher level of vulnerability, according to Dr. Don Huber, Purdue University, in a just published interview http://www.acresusa.com/toolbox/reprints/May2011_Huber.pdf. Organic agriculture also uses less energy inputs and sequesters more carbon in biologically active soil. Elaine explains at http://heartspring.net/carbon_sequestration_fungi.html
Will the inheritors of an increasingly hot world inspire more of a learning mode and acceptance of responsibility? Alec Loorz thinks, "… the voices of our whole generation need to be raised together so that the ruling generation can see that the climate crisis is really about US, our future. That's how the idea for the iMatter March began, but it's a huge team of people who are making it happen."
Jan Dietrick – May 2011


are like the sun's rays giving light and showing the way.
The frost's so biting like nowhere in the world.
In the land where the sun's so welcome but rare.
What's their openness one is talking about?
The cost of the warmth among them is well known.
what an awful lot of evil things man can do during his so short a life.
This is the occasion when it is not a disgrace to become selfish and fall in love with your good self.
ourselves and perish in a wink of an eye, in a few decades.
spirit of traditional culture, never ignoring the precepts of our ancestors.


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Ronin is a sweet, 2-year-old cat looking for a forever home. He loves attention and lounging around. Stop in and meet Ronin today. The Farmington Regional Animal Shelter is located at 133 Browning Parkway and can be reached at 505-599-1098. Check Petfinder.com for an up-to-date list of pets up for adoption.


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IFRS Accounts
Results press-releases
PJSC Mostotrest announces 2014 results
PJSC Mostotrest (Mostotrest, the Company or, together with its consolidated subsidiaries, the Group) publishes financial and operating results for 2014(a).
Mostotrest, Russia's leading integrated transport infrastructure construction group, delivered strong financial results in 2014, increasing revenue by 29%, EBITDA(b) by 63% and net profit by 2.7x, compared to the previous year. The start of the operational phase for a number of long-term investment contracts drove an almost three-fold increase in the Group's road services backlog.
Key Operating Results:
The Group's market share rose to 13.4%(c) in 2014 from 9.9% in 2013, driven by a 31% increase in in-house volumes(d);
Backlog(e) stood at RUB352.0* billion, with new order intake totaling RUB99.8* billion(f). Over the same period, the road services backlog grew almost 2.7x to RUB56.5 billion, as a number of long-term investment contracts reached operational phase.
Key Financial Results:
Revenue was RUB150.5 billion, up 29% year-on-year, driven by increased construction volumes;
Gross profit grew 47% to RUB20.6 billion, up from RUB14.0 billion in 2013. Gross margin rose to 13.7% from 12.0% in 2013, driven by more efficient deployment of resources;
EBITDA(b) increased by 63% year-on-year, to RUB15.4 billion. EBITDA margin rose from 8.1% last year to 10.2% in the reporting period, supported by the decrease in provisions for doubtful receivables;
Net profit was RUB6.1 billion, a 2.7x increase year-on-year. Net profit attributable to the owners of the Company was RUB5.6 billion;
The Group increased capital expenditure by 21% compared to the previous year, including for implementation of major projects added at the end of 2013;
Net cash (i.e. cash and cash equivalents(g) net of debt) at the end of 2014 amounted to RUB21.2 billion, driven by customer advances.
Mostotrest CEO Vladimir Vlasov comments on the results:
"In 2014, the Group delivered strong operating and financial results. The professionalism of Mostotrest staff, a balanced approach to development of own production capacity and to participation in new projects, as well as our status as a financially healthy borrower helped the Group to withstand negative market trends and to cope with a deteriorating macroeconomic environment in Russia. We were able to consolidate our reputation as a reliable partner for large government contracts, reaffirm the strength of our business and improve our competitiveness.
The Company benefitted significantly from the early completion and delivery of a number of large construction projects in 2014. The Company was able to direct these freed up resources in a far more effective way, boosting their utilisation and leading to a substantial increase in productivity while minimising the risk that the inflation rate exceeded that agreed in the contracts.
The opening to traffic of the km 15 – km 58 segment of the М-11 "Moscow – Saint Petersburg" Highway was one of our most significant achievements last year. Despite initial delays due to construction site clearance issues, we made substantial efforts and opened to traffic on time. In the first half of 2015, we will complete the installation of the route equipment, including toll stations, and commence commercial operation of the toll segment.
In terms of financial results for 2014, I would like to emphasize that in addition to delivering traditionally strong revenue growth (+29%), Mostotrest managed to "recover" its profitability. Gross margin of the Group was 13.7%, a 1.7 pp increase year-on-year. EBITDA margin was also up 2.1 pp, to 10.2%. The efficiency improvement was achieved through optimal use of resources and decrease in bad debt provisions.
As regards 2015, our expectation is that it will undoubtedly be a challenging year for the industry as a whole, both in terms of reduced funding and weaker tendering activity, but also in terms of the effect that high inflation is likely to have on the cost base of construction companies. Equally, we are confident that key motorway projects currently under construction where Mostotrest is a major participant, such as the M-11 "Moscow – Saint Petersburg", the M-4 "Don" and the M-9 "Baltic", are unlikely to suffer interruption and construction will therefore continue this year. At the same time, the current level of our backlog will help ensure that our capacity utilisation and revenue streams remain stable in 2015».
a) The press-release has been prepared on the basis of the consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with the IFRS as at and for the full year ended 31 December 2014 and 2013, as well as on the basis of the management accounts as at and for the same periods, as this set of financial statements in their entirety provide a comprehensive overview of the Group's performance for full year ended 31 December 2014 and 2013.
To make the information in the press-release user friendly special notes are used. The information based on management accounts is marked with {*}.
The detailed "basis of presentation" description can be found in the Appendix nr. 2 at the end of the press-release.
b) EBITDA is defined as net profit from continuing operations net of income tax, net finance costs and depreciation. EBITDA is not defined by, or presented in accordance with IFRS. EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and one should not consider it in isolation, or as a substitute for analysis of the Group's operating results as reported under IFRS.
с) Calculated as the amount of work performed in-house (revenue net of other revenue and cost of services of third-party subcontractors) in 2014, divided by 2014 market volume (including road repair and maintenance), in accordance with the EMBS Report (an independent consultant providing, among others, information and research on developed and emerging markets).
d) In-house volumes are calculated as revenue net of cost of subcontractor services.
e) Backlog is not a measure defined by IFRS or RAS. The company's backlog represents its management's estimate of the contract value of its projects that remain to be completed as at a particular date, excluding VAT. Such value is calculated as the total contract value for each project that remains to be completed less the amounts already received under the contracts for such projects. The total contract value of a particular project represents the total amount that the relevant entity expects to receive under the contract for such project, assuming the contract is performed in accordance with its terms. A project is included in the backlog of a relevant entity when either a firm letter of commitment is executed by the customer or a letter is received confirming its bid has been successful. Backlog may not be indicative of the relevant entity's future operating results.
f) Excluding VAT.
g) Including bank deposits with maturities over 3 months.
Mostotrest is a major, diversified infrastructure construction company, with established presence in all core and related market segments, and a participant in Russia's first public-private partnership projects. According to EMBS Group, an independent industry consultancy, in 2014 Mostotrest held a 13.4% share of the total Russian transport infrastructure construction market.
Mostotrest's core competences include construction and reconstruction of bridges, roads and other transport infrastructure facilities; provision of road maintenance, repair and operating services. In 2012, Mostotrest also entered a new segment: management of road concessions.
The company was established in 1930 as a developer of complex and oversized bridges.
Mostotrest is currently participating in implementation of a number of complex transport infrastructure development projects, such as construction of the Section 4 (km 208 – km 258) and Section 6 (km 334 – km 543) of the M-11"Moscow – St Petersburg" Toll Highway, construction and reconstruction of the M-4 "Don", M-9 "Baltic" and M-11 "Narva" highways, construction of Businovskaya Interchange in Moscow, Bor Bridge in Nizhny Novgorod and Voroshilovsky Bridge in Rostov-on-Don.
Mostotrest Ownership Structure:
38.6%: Marc O'Polo Investments (beneficiary shareholders: Igor Rotenberg and top-managers of N-Trans, including Konstantin Nikolaev, Nikita Mishin and Andrey Filatov);
29.3%: AM companies for Blagosostoyanie Pension Fund;
32.1%: free float.
For more detailed Company information, please visit www.mostotrest.ru
Some of the information in this announcement may contain projections or other forward-looking statements regarding future events or the future financial performance of Mostotrest. You can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as 'expect', 'believe', 'anticipate', 'estimate', 'intend', 'will', 'could', 'may' or 'might', the negative of such terms or other similar expressions. Mostotrest wishes to caution you that these statements are only predictions and that actual events or results may differ materially. Mostotrest does not intend to update these statements to reflect events and circumstances occurring after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. Many factors could cause the actual results to differ materially from those contained in projections or forward-looking statements of Mostotrest, including, among others, general economic conditions, the competitive environment, risks associated with operating in Russia, market change in the Russian infrastructure construction market, as well as many other risks specifically related to Mostotrest and its operations.
The information contained in this document is not for release, publication or distribution in whole or in part in or into the United States. These materials do not contain or constitute an offer for sale or the solicitation of an offer to purchase securities in the United States. The securities referred to in this document have not been and will not be registered under the US Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the Securities Act) and may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration under the Securities Act or pursuant to an available exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the registration requirements of the Securities Act.
The information contained in this document is only directed at persons in the United Kingdom who are authorised persons or exempted persons who have professional experience in matters relating to investments, in each case within the meaning of the Financial Services and Markets Act (FSMA) 2000 and Article 19 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005 and to other persons to whom these materials may otherwise be lawfully communicated and must not be acted on or relied on by any other persons.
The information contained in this document is restricted and is not for distribution in whole or in part in Australia, Canada or Japan.
Full version of press release

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The topic of rehabs is one that may seem irrelevant when you don't have anyone needing this type of service, however an appreciation of this field can help you better prepare for it; think of it as insurance. Florida addiction treatment is one of the most efficient ways you can recover from an addiction. Florida addiction treatment is one that can be of great benefit when an individual is trying to recover and remain sober for life. One can conclusively label Florida addiction treatment as science's solution to the addiction problem.Once a patient gets through the withdrawal symptoms, they no longer need the care supplied at a hospital. However, they are not ready yet to go back to their everyday life. At this stage, the rehabilitation that offers the best Florida addiction treatment comes into play. Rehabilitation centers provide rooms that are hospital-like but more relaxed, and they are often attached to a hospital. However, they concentrate on providing the best package of Florida addiction treatment on offer.
Because the grade of health care needed in a rehab center is lower than that at a hospital, the cost is lower and offers the opportunity for a longer stay. Florida addiction treatment centers offer rehab that focus on many kinds of recovery. When looking for a rehab facility, be sure to look only at those that specialize in addiction treatment. With this in mind, look for a Florida addiction treatment facility that covers stroke recovery, which is common with withdrawal symptoms of addiction.
Going through Florida addiction treatment at a rehab center, a patient will get a more demanding agenda that what they had at the hospital. Group and individual therapy sessions take place each day. Rapid progress can be made because of the comprehensive treatment that takes place. The Florida addiction treatment is flexible and patients are encouraged to wear clothes from home, comfortable and gym-like.
Throughout the Florida addiction treatment, patient care is supervised by a psychiatrist. A psychiatrist is a doctor who focuses on brain chemistry, health and rehabilitation. Florida addiction treatment may also require psychologists, counselors and other health care professionals. Their focus is on restoring normal function to patients. The physiatrist may prescribe medication, or may lead an interdisciplinary group that is treating the patient. The physical therapy aspect of the Florida addiction treatment can help establish great recovery from addiction. Physical therapy can boost a patient's recovery.
Remember that you are not alone in your desire to become drug free. Contact us at FHE Health (floridahouseexperience.com) today and you will be on your way to your new life.


text:
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';

export type InternalStateType = {
  [key: string]: any
};

@Injectable()
export class AppState {
  _state: InternalStateType = {};

  constructor() {
  }

  // already return a clone of the current state
  get state() {
    return this._state = this._clone(this._state);
  }

  // never allow mutation
  set state(value) {
    throw new Error('do not mutate the `.state` directly');
  }

  get(prop?: any) {
    // use our state getter for the clone
    const state = this.state;
    return state.hasOwnProperty(prop) ? state[prop] : state;
  }

  set(prop: string, value: any) {
    // internally mutate our state
    return this._state[prop] = value;
  }

  private _clone(object: InternalStateType) {
    // simple object clone
    return JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(object));
  }
};

@Injectable()
export class IModel {
  static iModel = {

    test: {
      $meta: {
        $desc: { cn: "testing" },
        $attributes: {
          type: "string", macro: { code: 'TEST("isTesting")' },
        }
      }
    },
    "code.plan.vehicle.jiangsu.v2017": {
      $meta: {
        $desc: { cn: "江苏省规划管理条例" }
      },
      landUseEnum: {
        $meta: { $desc: { cn: "土地性质" } },
        R1: {
          $meta: {
            $desc: { cn: "R1:别墅用地", refs: { "设计规范": "R1" } }
          }
        },
        R2: {
          $meta: {
            $desc: { cn: "R2:住宅用地" }
          }
        }
      },
      motorParkNum: {
        $meta: {
          $desc: { cn: "应需总机动车车位" },
          $attributes: {
            type: "number-int", macro: { code: '' }
          }
        },
        largeScaleMotor: {
          $meta: {
            $desc: { cn: "应需大型汽车车位" },
            $attributes: {
              type: "number-int", macro: { code: '' }
            }
          }
        },
        middleScaleMotor: {
          $meta: {
            $desc: { cn: "应需中型汽车车位" },
            $attributes: {
              type: "number-int", macro: { code: '' }
            }
          }
        },
        smallScaleMotor: {
          $meta: {
            $desc: { cn: "应需小型汽车车位" },
            $attributes: {
              type: "number-int", macro: { code: '' }
            }
          }
        }
      },
      nonMotorParkNum: {
        $meta: {
          $desc: { cn: "应需总非机动车车位" },
          $attributes: {
            type: "number-int", macro: { code: '' }
          }
        },

      }

    },

    profile: {
      dashboard: {
        $meta: {
          $desc: { cn: "控制台" },
          $attributes: { type: "group-ref" },
          $value: ["profile/dashboard/projectSummary", "profile/dashboard/landConstraints"],
        },
        projectSummary: {
          $meta: {
            $desc: { cn: "项目描述" },
            $attributes: { type: "group-ref" },
            $value: ["project/name",]
          }
        },
        landConstraints: {
          $meta: {
            $desc: { cn: "土地使用约定" },
            $attributes: { type: "group-ref" },
            $value: ["landConstraints/blocks/no1/name", "landConstraints/blocks/no1/area", "landConstraints/blocks/no1/area/construction", "landConstraints/blocks/no1/area/confiscatedRoad", "landConstraints/blocks/no1/area/", "landConstraints/blocks/no1/area/expropriatedGreenLand", "landConstraints/blocks/no1/maxVolumeArea", "test"]
          }
        }
      }
    },
    project: {
      name: {
        $meta: {
          $attributes: { type: "string" },
          $value: "xxxxxx",
          $desc: { cn: "项目名称" }
        }
      }
    }
    ,
    cost: {
      $meta: {
        $desc: { cn: "成本" },
        $attributes: {
          type: "number-currency", unit: "万元"
        },
        $value: "123456.00"
      }
    },
    landConstraints: {
      $meta: {
        $desc: { cn: "土地限定条件", en: "soil number" },
        $attributes: {
          type: "group-ref", macro: { code: 'PATH_CHILDREN(PATH_CONSTRUCT([PATH_CURRENT(),"blocks"]))', },
        },
      },
      totalNum: {
        $meta: {
          $desc: { cn: "地块数" },
          $attributes: {
            type: "number-int", macro: { code: 'PATH_CHILDREN(PATH_CONSTRUCT([PATH_PARENT(),"blocks"])).length' },
          }
        }
      },
      totalArea: {
        $meta: {
          $desc: { cn: "总用地面积" },
          $attributes: {
            type: "number-double", macro: { code: 'let blocks=PATH_CONSTRUCT([PATH_CHILDREN([PATH_CURRENT(),"..","blocks"]),"area"];OPERATOR("sum",blocks);', },
          }
        }
      },
      blocks: {
        $meta: {
          $attributes: {
            type: "group-ref", macro: { code: 'PATH_CHILDREN()' }, template: "landConstraints/blocks/no1"
          }
        },
        no1: {
          $meta: {
            $desc: { cn: "地块1", en: "no1" }, $attributes: {
              type: "group-ref", macro: { code: 'PATH_CHILDREN()' }, template: "landConstraints/blocks/no1"
            }
          },
          name: {
            $meta: {
              $desc: { cn: "土地编号/名称", en: "soil number" },
              $attributes: { type: "string", },
              $value: "xxxxx",
            },

          },
           planUse: {
            $meta: {
              $desc: { cn: "土地性质" },
              $attributes: {
                type: "enum-string", enum: "code.plan.vehicle.jiangsu.v2017/landUseEnum"
              },
              $value: "R1"
            }
          },

          landTransferringFees: {
            $meta: {
              $desc: { cn: "土地出让金" },
              $attributes: { type: "number-double", unit: "亿元" },
              $value: 0
            }
          },
          maxVolumeArea: {
            $meta: {
              $desc: { cn: "地块最大计容面积" },
              $attributes: { type: "number-double", unit: "平方米", macro: { code: 'OPERATOR("multi",[INTERVAL('min',PATH_CONSTRUCT([PATH_PARENT(),"ratio"])),PATH_CONSTRUCT([PATH_PARENT(),"area"])])' } },
            }
          },
          area: {
            $meta: {
              $desc: { cn: "总用地面积" },
              $attributes: {
                filters: { chain: [], custom: {} },
                validators: { check: {}, custom: {} },
                type: "number-double",
                unit: "公顷",
                macro: { code: 'OPERATOR("sum",PATH_CHILDREN())', custom: {} }
              },
            },

            construction: {
              $meta: {
                $desc: { cn: "建设用地面积" },
                $attributes: {
                  type: "number-double",
                  unit: "亩"
                },
                $value: 23,
              }
            },
            confiscatedRoad: {
              $meta: {
                $desc: { cn: "代征道路面积" },
                $attributes: {
                  type: "number",
                  unit: "亩"
                },
                $value: 0,
              }
            },
            expropriatedGreenLand: {
              $meta: {
                $desc: { cn: "代征绿地面积" },
                $attributes: {
                  type: "number",
                  unit: "亩"
                },
                $value: 0,
              }

            }
          },

          location: {
            $meta: {
              $attributes: { type: "location", },
              $desc: { cn: "土地所在地区", en: "project name" },
              $value: {
                address: { country: "中国", province: "江苏", city: "南京", "districtsCountry": "鼓楼", block: "xxxx" },
                gis: { lat: 38, long: 118 }
              },
            }

          },
          developmentIntensity: {
            $meta: {
              $desc: { cn: "开发强度要求" }
            },
            ratio: {
              $meta: {
                $attributes: { type: "interval-number", },
                $desc: { cn: "容积率要求", en: "project name" },
                $value: { upperLimit: { value: 8.0, open: true }, lowerLimit: { value: 0, open: false } }
              },
              greenRate: {
                $meta: {
                  $desc: { cn: "绿化率" },
                  $attributes: {
                    type: "interval-number", unit: "%"
                  },
                  $value: { upperLimit: { value: 100, open: true }, lowerLimit: { value: 20.0, open: false } }
                }
              },
              buildingDensity: {
                $meta: {
                  $desc: { cn: "建筑密度" },
                  $attributes: {
                    type: "interval-number", unit: "%"
                  },
                  $value: { upperLimit: { value: 25.0, open: false }, lowerLimit: { value: 0, open: true } }
                }
              },
                buildingAltitude: {
                $meta: {
                  $desc: { cn: "建筑高度" },
                  $attributes: {
                    type: "interval-number", unit: "米"
                  },
                  $value: { upperLimit: { value: 200, open: false }, lowerLimit: { value: 0, open: false } }
                }
              },

            },

          },
          supportingFacility:{
             $meta: {
              $desc: { cn: "公建配套设施要求" }
            },
            forProperty:{
              $meta:{
                $desc:{cn:"物业管理用房面积"},
                $attributes:{type:"number-double",unit:"平方米"},
                $value:0
              }
            },publicFacilities:{
              $meta:{
                $desc:{cn:"市政设施"},
                $attributes:{type:"number-double",unit:"平方米"},
                $value:0
              }
            }
          }
        },

      }
    },
  };
  static iCache = {

  };
  constructor() { };

  public async load(propPath?: string): Promise<any> {
    var self = this;
    const imodel: object = IModel.iModel;
    var obj = imodel;

    if (!self.hasLoaded(propPath)) {
      if (!self.hasCached(propPath)) {
        await self.getByHttp(propPath).then(function (root) {
          obj = self.getObjectSync(propPath);
          return obj;

        }, function (reason) {
          throw reason;
        });
      } else {
        await self.getFromCache(propPath).then(function (root) {
          obj = self.getObjectSync(propPath);
          return obj;

        }, function (reason) {
          throw reason;
        });

      }

    } else {
      obj = self.getObjectSync(propPath);
      return obj;

    }

  };

  hasCached(propPath: string): boolean {
    return false;
  }
  hasLoaded(propPath: string): boolean {
    var self = this;
    const imodel: object = IModel.iModel;
    if (!propPath) {
      return false;
    } else {
      var paths: string[] = propPath.split('/');
      const root = paths[0];
      if (imodel[root]) return true;
      return false;
    }
  };

  private getObjectSync(propPath?: string): any {
    var self = this;
    const imodel: object = IModel.iModel;
    var obj = imodel;
    if (!propPath) {
      return imodel;
    } else {
      var paths: string[] = propPath.split('/');
      for (let i = 0; i < paths.length; i++) {
        if (obj.hasOwnProperty(paths[i])) {
          obj = obj[paths[i]];
        } else {
          obj = undefined;
          break;
        }
      }
    }
    return obj;
  };

  at(propPath?: string, locale?: string): any {
    const self = this;
    const mockObj = { $meta: { $desc: propPath, $attributes: { type: "mocking-obj" }, at: { path: propPath }, mock: true } };
    if (self.hasLoaded(propPath)) {
      var obj = self.getObjectSync(propPath);
      if (!obj && mockObj.$meta.at) {
        mockObj.$meta['at']['error'] = "指定路径不存在对象";
        return mockObj;
      }
      if (!obj.$meta.at) {
        obj.$meta.at = { path: propPath };
      }
      var meta = obj.$meta;
      if (meta && !meta['compile']) {
        self.compile(obj, propPath);
      }
      return obj;

    } else {

      self.load(propPath).then(
        function (obj) {
          obj.$meta['at'] = mockObj.$meta.at;
          mockObj.$meta = obj.$meta;

        }, function (reason) {
          mockObj.$meta['at']['error'] = reason;
        }
      );
      return mockObj;
    }
  };

  private async cacheData(path: string, data: any): Promise<any> {
    console.log("caching " + path);

  };
  private async saveData(path: string, data: any): Promise<any> {
    console.log("saving " + path);

  };
  private async validatorData(obj: any, data: any): Promise<any> {
    console.log("validating ");

  };
  filter(obj: any, data: any): any {
    return data;
  }
  register(path: any, event: string, callback: any) {

  }
  compile(obj: any, currentPath: string): any {
    const self = this;
    if (obj.$meta['compile']) return obj;
    obj.$meta['compile'] = { compiled: false, };

    if (obj.$meta.$value) {
      let _value = obj.$meta.$value;
      delete obj.$meta.$value;
      Object.defineProperty(obj.$meta, '$value',
        {
          get: function () { return self.filter(obj, _value) },
          set: function (newValue) {
            self.validatorData(obj, newValue);
            self.cacheData(currentPath, _value);
            self.saveData(currentPath, newValue);
            _value = newValue;
          },
        });
      obj.$meta['compile']['compiled'] = true;

    } else if (obj.$meta.$attributes && obj.$meta.$attributes.macro) {
      var macro: any = obj.$meta.$attributes.macro;
      var dependencies = macro.dependencies;//显性依赖
      if (dependencies && dependencies.length && dependencies.length > 0) {
        self.loadDependencies(dependencies).then(function () {
          obj.$meta['compile']['compiled'] = true;
        }, function (reason) {
          obj.$meta['compile']['compiled'] = false;
          obj.$meta['compile']['error'] = reason;
        });
      }

      const reason_calculating = { $reason: "calculating" };
      const reason_error = { $reason: "error" };
      Object.defineProperty(obj.$meta, '$value', {
        get: function () {

          if (obj.$meta['compile']['compiled'] !== true) return reason_calculating;
          //return { $reason: obj.$meta['compile']['error'] ? obj.$meta['compile']['error'] : "loading compiling dependencies" };
          if (!obj.$meta['macro']) {
            obj.$meta['macro'] = { 'status': 'finished' };
          };
          if (obj.$meta['macro']['status'] !== 'finished') {
            if (/^error/.test(obj.$meta['macro']['status'])) {
              return reason_error;
              //return { $reason: obj.$meta['macro']['error'] ? obj.$meta['macro']['error'] : "macro error" };
            } else {
              return reason_calculating;
            }
          };

          try {
            var result = self.execMacro(obj);

            return self.filter(obj, result);
          } catch (e) {
            if (/^error/.test(obj.$meta['macro']['status'])) {
              return reason_error;
              //return { $reason: obj.$meta['macro']['error'] ? obj.$meta['macro']['error'] : "macro error" };
            } else {
              return reason_calculating;
            }
          }

        }
      });

      obj.$meta['compile']['compiled'] = true;

    }
    else {
      obj.$meta['compile'] = { compiled: true, };
    }
    return obj;
  };
  getByHttp(prop: string, missing?: string): Promise<any> {
    var result: Promise<any> = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
      setTimeout(function () {
        console.log("get from http.")
        resolve({});
      })
    });
    return result;
  };
  getFromCache(prop: string, missing?: string): Promise<any> {
    var result: Promise<any> = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
      setTimeout(function () {
        console.log("get from cache.")
        resolve({});
      })
    });
    return result;
  };
  loadDependencies(dependencies: string[]): Promise<any> {
    const self = this;

    var dependenciesLoad: Promise<any>[] = [];
    for (let i = 0; i < dependencies.length; i++) {
      if (!self.hasLoaded(dependencies[i]))
        dependenciesLoad.push(self.load(dependencies[i]));
    }
    return Promise.all(dependenciesLoad);

  };
  unitValueTransform(obj: any, sourceUnit: string, destinationUnit: string): any {
    if (!sourceUnit && !destinationUnit) return obj;
    if ((!sourceUnit && destinationUnit) || (sourceUnit && !destinationUnit)) {
      throw "not matched";

    }

    var baseRelations = {
      currency: { "元": 1, "万元": 10000, "亿元": 100000000, }
      , length: { "米": 1, "厘米": 1 / 100, "分米": 1 / 10, '毫米': 1 / 1000, },
      area: { '平方米': 1, "公顷": 10000, '亩': 10000 / 15, },
      $normal: { '': 1, '%': 1 / 100, '‰': 1 / 1000 }
    };

    if (baseRelations["$normal"].hasOwnProperty(sourceUnit)) {
      if (!baseRelations['$normal'].hasOwnProperty(destinationUnit)) {
        return baseRelations["$normal"][sourceUnit] * obj;
      }
    }
    //
    var matchedCategory;
    for (let key in baseRelations) {
      if (baseRelations[key].hasOwnProperty(destinationUnit)) {
        if (baseRelations[key].hasOwnProperty(sourceUnit)) {
          matchedCategory = key;
          break;
        }
        throw 'not matched';
      }
    }

    if (!matchedCategory) throw "not matched";
    var sourceRatio = baseRelations[matchedCategory][sourceUnit];
    var destinationRatio = baseRelations[matchedCategory][destinationUnit];
    return sourceRatio * obj / destinationRatio;

  };
  execMacro(context: any): any {
    const $self = this;
    const $code = context.$meta.$attributes.macro.code;
    const $type = context.$meta.$attributes.type;
    const $unit = context.$meta.$attributes.unit;
    const $atPath = context.$meta['at']['path'];
    const $waitings: Promise<any>[] = [];

    try {
      let macroInnerValue = eval($code);
      if (macroInnerValue && macroInnerValue['$$result']) {
        return $self.unitValueTransform(macroInnerValue['$$result'], macroInnerValue['$$unit'], $unit);
      }
      return macroInnerValue;
    } catch (e) {
      throw e;
    }

    function TEST(prompt: string): string {
      if (context.$meta.macro['status'] !== "finished") throw { reason: "nofinished" };
      context.$meta.macro['status'] = "starting";
      context.$meta.macro['status'] = "finished";

      return prompt;
    }

    function PATH_CHILDREN(path?: string) {
      if (context.$meta.macro['status'] !== "finished") throw { reason: "nofinished" };
      context.$meta.macro['status'] = "starting"
      var result: string[] = [];
      if (!path) {
        path = context.$meta.at.path;
      }
      var obj = $self.at(path);
      for (let key in obj) {
        if (key !== '$meta') {
          result.push(path + "/" + key);
        }
      }
      context.$meta.macro['status'] = "finished"
      return result;
    };
    function PATH_CONSTRUCT(seqs: string[]) {
      if (context.$meta.macro['status'] !== "finished") throw { reason: "nofinished" };
      context.$meta.macro['status'] = "starting";

      if (!seqs || seqs.length === 0) {
        context.$meta.macro['status'] = "finished";
        return $atPath;
      }
      var origins: any = seqs[0];
      var returnArray = true;
      if (!(typeof seqs[0] === 'object')) {
        returnArray = false;
        origins = [seqs[0]];
      }
      var results: any[] = [];

      for (let baseNum = 0; baseNum < origins.length; baseNum++) {
        var result: string = origins[baseNum];

        for (let i = 1; i < seqs.length; i++) {
          let seq = seqs[i];
          if (seq === '.' || seq === "..") {
            if (seq === '.') continue;
            if (seq === "..") {
              if (result === '') break;
              var lastIndex = result.lastIndexOf("/");
              if (lastIndex > 0) { result = result.slice(0, lastIndex) }
              else {
                result = '';
              };
            }

          } else {
            result = result + '/' + seqs[i];
          }

        }
        while (result[0] === "/") {
          result = result.slice(1);
        }
        while (result[result.length - 1] === "/") {
          result = result.slice(0, result.length - 1);
        }

        results.push(result);
      }

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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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TOKYO - Japan's industrial output declined far less than expected last month and the jobless rate hit its lowest in over 25 years in a sign of a gradual economic recovery from a slump in the first quarter, though risks to the outlook have increased from U.S. trade protectionism.
A bitter trade dispute between the United States and major economies, including Japan's big export market China, has unnerved investors and policy makers worried the tariff spat could deal a body blow to the global economy.
How well Japan's manufactures perform will likely be key to the growth outlook, and so Friday's data showing industrial output fell 0.2 percent month-on-month in May is not all bad news, coming off better than the median forecast for a 1.1 percent decline. Output rose 0.5 percent in April.
"It is safe to say the economy is on the recovery path," said Hiroaki Muto, economist at Tokai Tokyo Research Center.
"As long as the level of inventories comes down there should not be any major problems. I am worried about trade protectionism, but it is hard to predict what will happen."
Japan's economy is expected to rebound in the second quarter from a contraction the first quarter that ended the longest growth streak since the 1980s bubble economy.
Output of cars fell as some auto makers stopped production lines during Japan's annual Golden Week holiday during the first week of May, a government official told reporters.


text:
Prenatal climate shocks and adult height in developing countries. Evidence from Japan (1872–1917)
Jean-Pascal Bassino, Thomas Lagoarde-Segot and Ulrich Woitek
Economics & Human Biology, 2022, vol. 45, issue C
Abstract: This paper contributes to quantifying the biological implications of short-run climatic shocks and economic fluctuations in developing countries. Relying on a unique economic, climatic and anthropometric Japanese data covering the period from 1872 to 1917 (corresponding to the early phase of Japanese industrialization), we estimate the impact of yearly and monthly regional climate anomalies and yearly nationwide business cycle reversals on the average height of Japanese conscripts and its dispersion. Our estimations detect that climate anomalies during gestation and early infancy induced a decrease in average height observed at adulthood, as well as an increase in height dispersion, indicating greater welfare inequalities. These results indicate that pre-Anthropocene climate shocks had irremediable welfare implications for the poorest segments of the population in lower income countries.
Keywords: Climate shocks; Human stature; Height cycles; Japan (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: E32 I15 N15 N95 Q54 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1570677X22000119
Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:ehbiol:v:45:y:2022:i:c:s1570677x22000119
DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2022.101115
Economics & Human Biology is currently edited by J. Komlos, Inas R Kelly and Joerg Baten
More articles in Economics & Human Biology from Elsevier
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Catherine Liu ().
Handle: RePEc:eee:ehbiol:v:45:y:2022:i:c:s1570677x22000119


Arthur Golden, Thomas Reid, Kyoko Takahashi Lin, Laura Turano and Morgan Lee are pleased to write the global overview of Getting the Deal Through – Corporate Governance 2017, an annual volume that highlights issues relating to board structures and directors' duties in 25 jurisdictions worldwide.
The U.S. section covers, among other things, the continued scrutiny of shareholder activists, recent proxy access developments and the growing focus on virtual-only annual meetings and dual-class share structures. The Europe portion includes a discussion of recent proposals to regulate executive compensation, new non-financial disclosure requirements and government-sponsored studies on gender and ethnic board diversity. The Asia portion analyzes the possible reconsideration of dual-class shareholder structures in Hong Kong and the implementation and refinement of corporate reform in Japan. The South America section discusses new and proposed corporate governance reforms in Brazil.
The introduction was reproduced with permission from Law Business Research Ltd. For further information on Getting the Deal Through – Corporate Governance 2017, please visit www.gettingthedealthrough.com.


text:
Educational needs vary in time of pandemic
FrogTutoring, with locations all over the county, pairs students with specialized tutors for help with their schoolwork. Because of school closures in March, more parents are showing interest in tutoring services so their child doesn't fall behind. Image via FrogTutoring.
published on June 26, 2020 - 1:08 PM
Written by Frank Lopez
It's been a long day at work. After heading home during rush hour, your child asks you for help with some type of algebra you haven't seen since high school. This has become the reality for many parents since the coronavirus forced the closing of schools across the country.
Prior to the current grade school summer vacation, and in midst of the statewide lockdown, students were taking their lessons and doing their homework primarily online, receiving some teacher's lectures through video conferencing technology.
There has been increasing investment in educational technologies (edtech) even before the outbreak of COVID-19. Global edtech investment reached $18.6 billion in 2019, according to a report from market research firm Metaari, "The 2019 Global Learning Technology Investment Patterns: Another Record Shattering Year."
Without the guidance and routine provided by the classroom environment, many students have faltered when it comes to their academic performance. This has led parents to search for different avenues of education during the public health crisis.
Roland Omene founded Texas-based FrogTutoring LLC, a private tutoring and educational resource company, in 2009. Since then, he has expanded its operations across the country, including Fresno.
Omene said that in the first few weeks of the outbreak, FrogTutoring saw a 50-60% drop in demand for its services.
Exams and tests are what drive the need for tutors, Omene, said, and with schools not holding any in-person classes, and students just doing online homework, parents didn't feel the pressure to spend their money on tutoring services.
"There's no consequences for failure," Omene said. "There is no serious exams so we kind of saw a dip in demand, but as the crisis goes on, things are getting back to normal. We're doing more than what we used to do before as of right now."
As more kids were learning from home, Omene said that many parents were realizing that they couldn't adequately watch over and assist with their child's schoolwork and started looking for tutoring services.
The demand isn't just coming from parents with children in grade school, but also from college students who, because of temporary university closures, do not have the resources usually available on a college campus.
Prior to the onset of the pandemic, FrogTutoring was sending tutors to the homes of about 75% of its students, while teaching the rest online. The company is now doing about 93% of its tutoring online, Omene said.
While many younger students are apt at completing their studies online, not all students learn effectively without the in-person guidance, said Omene, especially children whose first language may not be English.
Omene has observed that a child applies themselves more diligently with tutors who are seen as more of a teacher than with a familiar figure such as a parent.
"You're not just a parent, but now you're also trying to be a teacher to that child. That could create friction between the parent and the student, and it tends to effect their relationship outside of education. Sometimes parents have the knowledge, but it's sometimes difficult to teach your own child," Omene said.
Omene only expects the demands for tutoring services to go up across all of FrogTutoring's locations, even when kids do go back to school, because he predicts that many kids will have some issues getting back on track right away.
Mandy Gill, owner of ABC Private Tutoring in Fresno, shut down operations right when schools were closed in the middle of March.
The tutors working for ABC come through Fresno State and are working to one day become teachers, and with about 10 of them on staff, each one was tutoring about five to six students each.
"I feel like everything is going to move to Zoom," Gill said. "I feel a lot of people still won't be comfortable doing the one-on-one, but there is still going to be people that need tutoring. I feel the service will transition to be online because kids are still going to need help no matter what."
Though Gill expects there will still be people demanding tutoring services, she expects people to be more apprehensive of parents dropping their children off at tutoring facilities.
The tutors were classified as independent contractors, but due to the drop in demand, she has had to let them go. She also closed the ABC office location since rent was a burden.
"I'm honestly just praying for a good next year. This year, I already have the feeling that it's not going to work out, and I thank God I have a little bit of my savings to use," Gill said.
As challenging as schoolwork might be during this public health crisis, it could be even more challenging for special needs students.
Currently, grade schools are slated to return in-class sessions in the fall, and the Fresno County Office of Education is taking care to provide a safe and healthy environment for both staff and students, as well as putting a careful focus on its special needs students.
"We are looking at the social distancing and how that will work, especially with our students with special needs, and making sure we have appropriate PPE on hand. Right now is when we are trying to ramp up for the return and make sure all of the supports are in place for them," said Tina Frazier, chief students services officer for the office of the Fresno County Superintendent of Schools.
Tangee Pinheiro, executive director of student services for the Fresno County Superintendent of Schools office, said that lesson plans, stories and even math equations will touch on topics regarding social distancing and cleanliness to help special needs students grasp the concepts.
Frazier said there are areas in the county where they are trying to determine how to reach all students, and the county programs from the superintendent's office have students with the most severe needs. Teaching them via online learning is not always an option.
In Fresno County there are 9,290 special needs students, with Fresno Unified alone having 8,690 special needs students. Clovis Unified has 3,939 special needs students.
"Some of them are non-verbal, some of them have medical issues, and so it has been more of a challenge to serve those types of students. It is a giant spectrum of kids with special needs that we are attempting to serve," Frazier said.
Brian Beck, assistant superintendent of special education and health services for Fresno Unified School District (FUSD), noted that they are preparing to ensure that all students get the best education they can get in a safe and healthy environment, but that each special education student has an "individualized education plan" that is tailored for their unique needs.
"Even though we talk about special education as if it's some bucket of work, it's important to realize that most special education is about working with each individual student for their individual needs, to make sure they have the same access and the same opportunities as general education students to the greatest extent possible," Beck said.
There are plans for teachers and staff to always have access to PPE and though there will be some challenges, Beck said that special education teachers, because of the smaller classroom sizes, get to have more individual time with students.
Beck said that the community has to look over its most vulnerable in a time like this, and that includes our special needs children, as they deserve the same learning opportunities as anyone else.
Fresno State students say 'no' to new $80M student union, fee increase Posted: March 31, 2017 at 3:51 pm
Fresno State students have voted against increasing fees by about
$1M gift for scholarship fund at Clovis university Posted: February 21, 2014 at 8:48 am
[caption id="attachment_1475" align="alignleft" width="635"] A $1 million gift from Gerald
$26M grant boosts Fresno County after-school programs Posted: June 26, 2014 at 9:14 am
Up to 4,000 extra Fresno County students will be able
$49K grant launches Fresno State, University of the Azores ag partnership Posted: March 14, 2016 at 10:16 am
Fresno State received a grant of $49,000 to help support


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