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← Previous diff Revision as of 16:00, 4 August 2010 (edit)
- *'''Republicans believe in power of individual over govt.''' Haley Barbour, former Republican National Committee Chairman, produced a "Why I'm a Republican" list, including the following rationale in November 1994. "I believe the strength of our nation lies with the individual and that each person's dignity, freedom, ability and responsibility must be honored."[http://www.perryrepublicans.com/Why_I_m_A_Republican.html] + *'''[[Argument: Republicans believe in power of individual over govt| Republicans believe in power of individual over govt]]''' Haley Barbour, former Republican National Committee Chairman, produced a "Why I'm a Republican" list, including the following rationale in November 1994. "I believe the strength of our nation lies with the individual and that each person's dignity, freedom, ability and responsibility must be honored."[http://www.perryrepublicans.com/Why_I_m_A_Republican.html]
- :[http://www.azgop.org/site/c.qtK2KeMSKuG/b.5810127/k.A1E2/GOP_vs_Democrats.htm "GOP vs. Democrats." Arizona Republican Party]: "Republicans believe responsibility for each person's station in life ultimately resides with each individual person. The Republican Party encourages individuals to work to secure the benefits of society for themselves, their families, and for those who are unable to care for themselves." + :[http://www.azgop.org/site/c.qtK2KeMSKuG/b.5810127/k.A1E2/GOP_vs_Democrats.htm "GOP vs. Democrats." Arizona Republican Party]: "Republicans believe responsibility for each person's station in life ultimately resides with each individual person. The Republican Party encourages individuals to work to secure the benefits of society for themselves, their families, and for those who are unable to care for themselves. Democrats believe each person's rights can be sacrificed to the assumed needs of the group. Democrats assume "society" collectively is responsible for each of its members. Democrats place less emphasis on individual enterprise and initiative and prefer government 'programs,' such as the failed forty-year 'War on Poverty.'"
14. Jobs and the Economy | | | |
16. Corporate interests: | | | |
29. Race: | | | |
31. Death penalty: | | | |
33. Social security | | | |
35. Heroes | | | |
Democrats are optimistic about making progress as society. Oliver Willis. "Oh. That's why I'm a democrat." Huffington Post. September 8th, 2008: "The Democratic party, for better or worse, believes in a Frank Capra/Jimmy Stewart view of the world. It says time and time again that through our collective might we can improve the nation, and as a byproduct the world. It is optimistic to the point of being almost corny. The party looks as the world as it is, and says 'Gosh darn it everyone, let's roll up our sleeves and clean up this mess.' It is no coincidence that the current leader of the party, Barack Obama, is the sort of guy you can imagine saying 'by golly' and not in an ironic way. [...] By contrast to the Democratic sunshine, the Republican party is night. Their view of the world is one in which everything is just a shade of negative, and that is the cold heart underlying the cynicism of speakers like Sarah Palin, Rudy Giuliani, and Mitt Romney. They see a world of despair and depression and they wallow in it. The Republican party and the conservative movement that supports it is all about being the snarky guy in the corner playing the angles and making a buck off the foibles and failures of others. For a few it promises the spoils of war - both ideological and real war - but for the rest it just offers a way of wallowing in darkness without any optimistic movement towards a better day."
Democrats are liberal on morality; oppose governing it. Paul Shlesinger. "Democrat vs. Republican: Political philosophies." Helium: "Democrats hold a liberal philosophy towards social issues such as gay marriage (support) and abortion (support). This philosophy on social issues stems (in part) from a belief that morality is subjective. Therefore, they believe that any attempt to govern based on morality could be interpreted as violating the religion clauses of the first amendment, either by establishing a religion based on such moral beliefs or prohibiting the free exercise of other moral beliefs that are progressive or different from traditional beliefs. In general, their progressive philosophy tends to attract support from non-Christians and from younger individuals."
Republicans are more concerned with govt overseeing morality. "Democrats vs. Republicans: What DO they believe?." OnTheIssues. 2000: "A conservative would say that a proper role for government is to regulate and oversee morality. Conservatives say it's proper for government to ensure that people are punished for immoral acts (such as taking drugs), and that people act appropriately in their marriages (such as banning homosexual marriage)."
Republicans tend to ground their morality on religion. Matthew Haynes. "Pros and cons of the Democratic and Republican parties." Helium: "One of the issues they constantly support is biblically based morals and values. For example, homosexuality is a well covered topic within the GOP. According to the bible it is against God's laws for a man to be with another man."
Republicans believe in power of individual over govt Haley Barbour, former Republican National Committee Chairman, produced a "Why I'm a Republican" list, including the following rationale in November 1994. "I believe the strength of our nation lies with the individual and that each person's dignity, freedom, ability and responsibility must be honored."[1]
Democrats believe public good is paramount. "Liberal Philosophy, Conservative Philosophy and the Great American Center." OneMind. May 21st, 2010: "Faced with a seemingly irreconcilable conflict between the general welfare and the good of the individual, liberals will tend to support the public good and conservatives will tend to favor the individual's rights and position."
Republicans believe fairness comes from unregulated competition. "Liberal Philosophy, Conservative Philosophy and the Great American Center." OneMind. May 21st, 2010: "Conservatives believe that fairness derives better from an unregulated and freely competitive society."
Republicans believe individual rights are paramount. "Liberal Philosophy, Conservative Philosophy and the Great American Center." OneMind. May 21st, 2010: "Faced with a seemingly irreconcilable conflict between the general welfare and the good of the individual, liberals will tend to support the public good and conservatives will tend to favor the individual's rights and position."
Republicans believe in equality of opportunity, not outcomes. Republicans oppose wealth redistribution, or any efforts to equalize outcomes among individuals. They do, however, believe that all individuals should have an equal opportunity from the day they are born till the day the die, an equal right to succeed.
Republicans lack compassion for the disadvantaged. David Carlin. "Why I'm Not a Republican." Inside Catholic. September 6th, 2008: "4. Democrats, I concede, put too much self-congratulatory stress on the "compassion" they feel for underdogs. Many underdogs would be better off if, instead of being the "beneficiaries" of compassion, they were told that they live in a relentlessly competitive society and that they'd better get a grip on themselves if they don't want to remain at the bottom of the league. Nonetheless, compassion for the underdog is a good thing, and many Republicans, I fear, have far too little of it. I am reminded of this almost every time I hear Rush Limbaugh on the radio: Limbaugh makes me laugh, but he also makes me cringe."
Democrats like to help the most disadvantaged among us. Valerie Smith. "I'm a Democrat because..." On Being Democrat Blog. June 13th, 2005: "I'm a Democrat because I believe that we have to help the least among us. If that's healthcare for children, the elderly or the poor, if that's education for people who's family can't afford to send their children to private schools, if that's women who need abortions, when it's gays or African Americans being discriminated against, if it's working folks trying to get a fair shake. I'm a Democrat because the Democrats stand with them."
Democrats focus more on improving and developing cities. "Why I'm a Democrat." Time. June 12th, 2007: "I'm a Democrat because we're the party of cities. We fight for transit. We fight to get people to live near each other. We fight to get affordable housing. We fight to make cities livable. We fight to make cities a great place to work. We fight to make cities engaging."
Republicans believe in helping others by ending dependence on govt. Can Tran. "Democrat vs. Republican: Political philosophies." Helium: "Overall, the Republican philosophy is opposed to the role of a larger government. It would mean the government does not impose on your money, your freedoms, your lives, and so forth. This is overall good as it teaches people to be independent. The people within the GOP do believe in helping people out. However, it encourages people to not constantly depend on the government. The GOP philosophy encourages a strong will of independent will."
Republicans believe relying on govt is generally deplorable. Can Tran. "Democrat vs. Republican: Political philosophies." Helium: "the GOP philosophy is that if people got their stuff together they do not really need help, let alone help from the government."
Republicanism favors those seeking wealth without govt help. Mike Huckabee: "I'm not a republican because I grew up reach, but because I didn't want to spend the rest of my life poor waiting for the government to rescue me."[2]
Republicans are too suspicious and critical of govt. David Carlin. "Why I'm Not a Republican." Inside Catholic. September 6th, 2008: "3. I am made suspicious and nervous by the animus many Republicans have for "big government" and the "welfare state" along with their superstitious belief in the virtual infallibility of market mechanisms. I'm old enough to remember FDR (I remember the day he died; I had turned seven three days earlier), not to mention Truman and Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson. I can't forget that they used 'big government' to promote the general welfare (in Catholic thought, more usually called 'the common good'). Think of the roll call: Social Security, unemployment compensation, minimum wage, the TVA, the Wagner Act, the GI Bill of Rights, the FHA, Medicare, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and so on [all of which Republicans opposed].
Government makes longer-term investments than free markets. Mark Pash, CFP with Brad Parker. "Progessive Economic Principles: Creating a quality economy." Progressive Economics: "There is the obsession with immediate - short-term - maximization of profits - "The Quick Buck." Private capital and management are constantly expecting relatively quick and high rates of return. Government capital is more long-term and not profit oriented, so it works more for the benefit of society, including business. We see this clearly in the investments in infrastructure, education, research and other necessary projects. Government regulations and tax policies should always encourage more long range planning in the private sector."
Democrats believe in bigger govt at federal and state level. Can Tran. "Democrat vs. Republican: Political philosophies." Helium: "Democrats believe in a bigger role of the central government. This applies to the federal government and state governments. In regards to a national level, the federal government will have more power. In regards to a state level, the state government will have more power."
Republicans believe the best govt is one that governs least. This phrase was popularized during the Reagan administration to define a key belief of the Republican party: the best government is the one that governs the least.
Reps believe govt should do only things citizens/companies can't. "Why I'm a Republican." Republican Party of Wakulla County: "I Believe... The proper function of government is to do for the people those things that have to be done but cannot be done, or cannot be done as well, by individuals, and that the most effective government is government closest to the people."
Big govt means more special interests in govt. Woodrow Wilson noted the dangers of too much government: "If the government is to tell big business men how to run their business, then don't you see that big business men have to get closer to the government even than they are now?"[3]
Dems just as good as Reps historically on keeping taxes low. "Should fiscal conservatives vote Republican." We Op-Ed. March 5, 2008: "tax rate on those individuals from the highest tax bracket has been dropping precipitously since the end of WWII, regardless of which party held the white house. In fact, the rates began to fall under Kennedy, a Democrat, and continued through Johnson, another Democrat. The tax rate held steady through Nixon, Ford, and Carter, before tumbling further under Reagan. The tax rate bottomed out in 1989, under Bush I, at 28%- less than a third of its modern peak of 94%, under Truman. Bush then raised taxes from their absurd low, and they have been bouncing around the 30s every since. So from this graph it seems pretty clear: Keeping taxes low for the wealthy has been a bipartisan effort for the last sixty years."
Progressive tax is most fair; based on ability to pay. Mark Pash, CFP. "Progressive Economic Principles: Guidelines for economic decision making." Progressive Economics: "Taxation should not be based on how much one pays but how much one has left over to raise a family - be a quality customer - and save for retirement. Progressive Income and Estate taxation are the fairest taxes as they are based more on the ability to pay."
Reps believe individuals should keep more of money they earn. "Why I'm a Republican." The Perry County Republican Party: "I believe government must practice fiscal responsibility and allow individuals to keep more of the money they earn."
Republicans want to tax all people equally/fairly. Paul Shlesinger. "Democrat vs. Republican: Political philosophies." Helium: "The fiscal philosophy of the Republican Party can be summarized by the word "fairness". Fiscally speaking, Republicans believe that the Federal government should play a passive role in attempting to better society because they believe that private companies and local and state governments are more effective at meeting the people's needs than a large Federal government. They believe that the main role of the Federal government is to ensure fairness. This means reducing taxes and regulations, especially for businesses, which can grow the economy and create jobs. Small business owners and non-minorities are often attracted to the party based on its fiscal philosophy promoting fairness."
Government spending is problem; not taxes. [...] President Ronald Reagan: "We don't have a trillion-dollar debt because we haven't taxed enough; we have a trillion-dollar debt because we spend too much"
Higher taxes discourage hard work. [...] "America's producers can compete successfully in the international arena – as long as they have a level playing field. Today's tax code is tilted against them, with one of the highest corporate tax rates of all developed countries. That not only hurts American investors, managers, and the U.S. balance of trade; it also sends American jobs overseas. We support a major reduction in the corporate tax rate so that American companies stay competitive with their foreign counterparts and American jobs can remain in this country."
Democrats tend to favor positive liberties. Marty Adkns. "Democrat vs. Republican: Political Philosophies." Helium: "The Democratic party has a general notion of a drive toward positive liberty. The general approach is that economic liberty is a required for any real freedom. Toward that end the party generally favors a course of government intervention designed to equalize economic status. The notion of sharing the wealth more equitably is seen as a laudable goal."
Liberals favor large federal government over state govt. Dan Shafer. "Liberal Philosophy, Conservative Philosophy and the Great American Center." OneMind. May 21, 2010: "liberals favor a large and strong central government that can equalize and homogenize policy and practice across state borders."
Reps believe govt is more effective when decentralized locally. Can Tran. "Democrat vs. Republican: Political philosophies." Helium: "Republicans believe in a smaller role of the central government. It means that the Republican philosophy reflects upon the power of individuality. In regards to the country, it focuses a lot on States' rights. You have your federal government and your state governments. [...] That means that Republicans do not want the federal government imposing on the state governments. Most of the power will lie in the hands of the state governments. It brings more power to the state governors. Also, this extends to the counties of the state. It would mean a smaller role of state government in those states."
Conservatives believe the constitution guarantees state rights. Dan Shafer. "Liberal Philosophy, Conservative Philosophy and the Great American Center." OneMind. May 21, 2010: "Conservatives, by contrast, favor states rights over national government power and a resultingly smaller federal government."
Democrats tend to be more humble. "Why I'm a Democrat." Time. June 12th, 2007: "I'm a Democrat because we have humility. Can you imagine a Republican apologizing to the country the way Clinton did after the sex scandal? Let alone the way JFK did after the Bay of Pigs? Taking any personal responsibility for anything? Shit George W. Bush couldn't even figure out anything he's done wrong in 4 years."
Democrats appreciate complexities; Republican think black/white. Jonathan Haidt. "What Makes People Vote Republican?" AlterNet. September 16, 2008: "conservatism is a partially heritable personality trait that predisposes some people to be cognitively inflexible, fond of hierarchy, and inordinately afraid of uncertainty, change, and death. People vote Republican because Republicans offer "moral clarity" -- a simple vision of good and evil that activates deep seated fears in much of the electorate. Democrats, in contrast, appeal to reason with their long-winded explorations of policy options for a complex world."
Republicans are unintelligent. "Why I am not a Republican." Capital Gains and Games. Feb 2, 2010: "I can only conclude from this new poll of 2003 self-identified Republicans nationwide that between 20% and 50% of the party is either insane or mind-numbingly stupid." [see linked article for poll and answers.]
Republicans are more beautiful. "Why Republican Men Are Happier." The Iowa Republican. April 26th, 2010 is a comedic article comparing the beauty of Republican and Democratic women, and concluding that Republican women are more beautiful.
Republican are best at stimulating economic growth. Mona Charen. "14 reasons to vote Republican on November 7th." Townhall.com. 2008: "1) The economy. More than 6.6 million new jobs have been created since August 2003. Our 4.1 annual growth rate is superior to all other major industrialized nations. The Dow has set record highs multiple times in the past several weeks. Productivity is up, and the deficit is down. Real, after-tax income has grown by 15 percent since 2001. Inflation has remained low. As Vice President Cheney summed it up at a recent meeting with journalists, "What more do you want?" The tax cuts proposed by President Bush and passed by a Republican Congress can take a bow."
Republicans support free market capitalism and trade. "Why am I a Republican?" Early Riser. February 7th, 2006: "Economics - Even when I was a Democrat (birth to age 30), I generally agreed with free-trade capitalist Republicans versus protectionist-leaning, socialist-coddling Democrats. As nice as it sounds that we should divert the wages of the rich to bring the poor up to middle-class standards of living, it doesn't work. When the government gets too entangled with commerce (whether though excessive taxation, regulation or state-owned enterprises), history has shown that those governments have to start controlling other aspects of citizens' lives in order to get the economic outcomes they desire. Corporations, along with organized religions, also prove to be useful counter-balances against too much government power. [...] Republicans certainly don't always side with free-market capitalism (I was strongly opposed to the steel tariffs that W pushed though in his first term), but they are head and shoulders above the socialist legislation that the union-dues addicted Democrats would pass if they had control of the government."
Republican free enterprise is foundation of US economic success. "Why I'm a Republican." Republican Party of Wakulla County: "I Believe... The free enterprise and the encouragement of individual initiative and incentive have given this nation an economic system second to none."
Corporate interests:
Democrats tend to favor multilateralism. Dan Shafer. "Liberal Philosophy, Conservative Philosophy and the Great American Center." OneMind. May 21, 2010: "In terms of international policy, liberals tend to favor multinational efforts (e.g., the United Nations) aimed at diplomatic solutions to conflict that are ultimately mutually beneficial."
Conservatives tend to promote US interests over international interests. Dan Shafer. "Liberal Philosophy, Conservative Philosophy and the Great American Center." OneMind. May 21, 2010: "Conservatives tend to favor the promotion of America's national interests, as they perceive them, over and if necessary at the expense of other nations and to oppose U.S. involvement in multinational organizations like the UN and the OAS."
Republican believe in eliminating risks outside of borders. Paul Shlesinger. "Democrat vs. Republican: Political philosophies." Helium: "The Republican Party's philosophy on security can be summarized as 'external'. In other words, the party puts a priority on eliminating risks from outside entities. This philosophy explains why Republicans are more willing to act aggressively with military force to combat external threats."
Republicans are willing to sacrifice some liberties for national security. "Why am I a Republican?" Early Riser. February 7th, 2006: "I wish I didn't have to get searched at airports and I wish overseas telephone conversations were not at risk of being wiretapped. Higher security, however, comes with a price and to believe otherwise is simply naive. I believe most Americans understand that civil liberties are being encroached upon in the name of national security. I also believe that most Americans are OK with the methods and motives currently employed by the Bush administration."
Republicans are too punitive and harsh on minor crimes. "Why I am no longer a Republican." Steve Olson Blog. February 9th, 2007: "Let me tell you why I am no longer active in either mainstream party [...] How does society benefit from locking up children for possessing hallucinogens? Locking them in cages where they will likely be beaten and sexually abused for years by real criminals."
Democrats believe in rehabilitation programs in prison. Valerie Smith. "I'm a Democrat because... - Carl Ballard." On Being Democrat. June 13th, 2005: "I'm a Democrat because I understand that law and order means more than just locking people away. We need drug rehab. We need to give people the opportunity not to commit crime. We need to keep people out of desperate straights in the first place."
Dems harm minorities through affirm action, welfare. "Why am I a Republican?" Early Riser. February 7th, 2006: "Today, Republicans preach, and largely practice, the idea of meritocracy (i.e. Dr. King's idea that people should be judged by the content of their character) versus the Democrats tendency to confuse unequal outcomes (a fact of life in a free society) with unequal opportunity (racism). [...] Is Trent Lott an idiot? Yes. Are Republicans hatching a secret plot to keep minorities in the under-classes? Absolutely not. I would argue that the welfare state (which financially supports a culture of teen mothers with disinterested fathers) is the single biggest inhibitor to minority success in America."
Democrats wrongly bash Republican minorities. "Why am I a Republican?" Early Riser. February 7th, 2006: "African-American Democratic leaders have acted so hurtfully and negatively toward fellow African Americans that have chosen to be active Republicans. Claiming that Rice and Powell are 'house slaves' (Belafonte) and throwing oreos at Ohio Republican Michael Steele are indicative of the fear that African Americans may not be a solid Democratic voting block and, god forbid, some may even find an ideological home in the Republican party. Even in the blogging world, Republicans who happen to be minorities, get chastised by left leaning bloggers as being stooges who have been tricked by evil Republicans into selling-out their race (eg. attacks against Michelle Mallkin)."
Death penalty:
Democrats oppose death penalty because it is socially unjust. "Why I'm a Democrat." Time. June 12th, 2007: "I've got a problem with the Death penalty. It's not a faith-based view but one that comes under social justice and economic fairness. I don't believe there is equality in our judicial system. A wealthy guy and a poor guy go to the same courtroom for the same offense. Who are you betting on to walk? I am obviously Pro-Civil Rights. That definitely comes under social justice."
Democrats have accomplished more when in power "Why I'm a Democrat." Time. June 12th, 2007: "I'm a Democrat because we're the party that won 2 world wars, ended segregation in America, contained Communism, founded the UN, set up Social Security, saved the Kosavars from genocide, produced the longest economic expansion in American history, and avoided nuclear confrontation in Cuba."


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Q: If $p$ is prime and $x \in \mathbb{N}$ then $a^2+a = p^{2x}(b^2+b)$ has no solutions for $a,b \in \mathbb{N}$ I am in a 3rd year university course in elementary number theory, and one of the problems I am given to solve is as follows.
If $p$ is prime and $x \in \mathbb{N}$ then $a^2+a = p^{2x}(b^2+b)$ has no solutions for $a,b \in \mathbb{N}$.
I am trying to show this Diophantine equation has no solutions though contradiction. So, assume there exist $a,b \in \mathbb{N}$ that satisfy the equation. Then we can factor $a^2+a=a(a+1)$. Because $a$ and $a+1$ are coprime, $p^{2x} \mid a$ or $p^{2x} \mid (a+1)$. Can splitting the equation like this lead to some sort of contradiction? I'll take any advice or hints!

A: Yes, splitting the equation like you did can lead to a contradiction. With your first case, for some positive integer $c$, we have
$$p^{2x} \mid a \; \; \to \; \; a = cp^{2x} \tag{1}\label{eq1A}$$
The given equation then becomes
$$\begin{equation}\begin{aligned}
(cp^{2x})(cp^{2x} + 1) & = p^{2x}(b^2 + b) \\
c(cp^{2x} + 1) & = b^2 + b \\
b^2 + b - c(cp^{2x} + 1) & = 0
\end{aligned}\end{equation}\tag{2}\label{eq2A}$$
Treating \eqref{eq2A} as a quadratic equation in $b$ then, from the quadratic formula, the discriminant must be a perfect square. This means that, for some non-negative integer $e$, we have
$$\begin{equation}\begin{aligned}
1 - 4(-c(cp^{2x} + 1)) & = e^2 \\
1 + 4c^2p^{2x} + 4c & = e^2 \\
1 + 4c & = e^2 - (2cp^{x})^2 \\
1 + 4c & = (e - 2cp^{x})(e + 2cp^{x})
\end{aligned}\end{equation}\tag{3}\label{eq3A}$$
Since $1 + 4c \gt 0$ and $e + 2cp^{x} \gt 0$, then $e - 2cp^{x} \gt 0$. Thus, on the RHS, we have $e - 2cp^{x} \ge 1$ and, since $e \gt 1$, $p \ge 2$ and $x \ge 1$, then $e + 2cp^{x} \gt 1 + 2c(2^1) = 1 + 4c$. This means the right side is $\gt 1 + 4c$, so \eqref{eq3A} can't be true. This contradiction shows there are no natural numbers $a$ and $b$ which work.
Using a similar procedure (which I'm leaving to the reader to do) with $p^{2x} \mid a + 1$ also leads to a contradiction.
Interestingly, apart from your initial step of $p^{2x} \mid a$ or $p^{2x} \mid a + 1$, the rest of the proof doesn't require that $p$ be prime, just simply that $p \ge 2$.

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Custom built horse barn play house. He latched to close doors and the doors slide in the stable. Looking to get 150 obo. You will need a van or a truck to move. Great for a gift! Located in north Escondido for pick up. Text me at 619 933 six 802.


'Gallery"_'Catherine Asquith Gallery, Collingwood' _Oil Paintings on Linen _'Light &Shade'_ are a series of oil paintings by Sydney artist Marcella Kaspar that echo the technique of tapestry artisans and painters of the Renaissance. The paintings are "woven" like tapestries manifesting a symphony of different tones and hues.
Art Exhibition previously on at Catherine Asquith Gallery (Archived) in Other Metro Melbourne precinct, Victoria, Australia.
Published by anonymous on Wednesday 05 August 2009.
'Light &Shade' are a series of oil paintings by Sydney artist Marcella Kaspar that echo the technique of tapestry artisans and painters of the Renaissance.
The paintings are "woven" like tapestries manifesting a symphony of different tones and hues.
The Peony was chosen for its historic reference and as a subject that best allows the artist to study colour and its subtle shifts as influenced by light and shade.


text:
Every family has a secretAug. 09, 2019USA110 Min.PG-13
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Seeking funds for her orphanage in India, Isabelle travels to New York to meet Theresa, a wealthy benefactor. An invitation to attend a wedding ignites a series of events in which the past collides with the present while mysteries unravel.
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Original title After the Wedding
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Uys's smash hit show An Audience with Pieter-Dirk Eish! returns by massive public demand to invade the main stage of Pieter Toerien's Montecasino Theatre in Fourways from 8 September to 4 October 2015, celebrating more than three decades of theatrical mirth, mayhem, moegoes and make-up.
But this show has a special twist. Over the years Uys has created more than 80 different characters, from politicians to kugels, icons to aikonas, and will draw from this rogues' gallery in laying out 15 numbered mystery boxes on stage, each containing a different character from his vast satirical cluster.
The audience will choose which boxes to open, and thereby which characters this veteran entertainer and social commentator will slip into – each providing a telling glimpse of who we are, where we come from and where we are going as a nation. No two shows will ever be alike, making for an anything-goes lucky dip of laugh-out-loud observational humour.
Using humour as his trusty weapon of mass distraction, Uys will morph from a Botha into a Bezuidenhout, from a Zuma via a Zille into a Merkel. From the beloved Tannie Evita to her debauched sister Bambi, from Nowell Fine to Mama Winnie and Grace Mugabe, from the Arch to Mother Theresa – they're all there, waiting to be unpacked, unpicked and paraded on the red carpet.
The news of the day will be cannily reflected in this cracked mirror of a rainbow nation smiling at the familiar, shocked by the obvious and, above all, laughing at itself.
Uys will be turning 70 on 28 September 2015 – in the middle of the Johannesburg return season of An Audience with Pieter-Dirk Eish! Yet, with some 35 one-man shows and in the region of 7 000 stage appearances under his belt, not to mention several plays, books, films and local and international awards, he has no desire to slow down.
Performances of An Audience with Pieter-Dirk Eish! are on Tuesdays to Fridays at 20h00, with shows at 17h00 and 20h00 on Saturdays, and on Sundays at 15h00.
Tickets range between R100 and R170 in price, for an opportunity to see this national treasure in action and to laugh at – and away – your troubles. The show is rated PG (parental guidance advised). Book through Computicket or call the Montecasino Theatre at (011) 511-1988.
Enjoy a not so typical Picnic at Gabriëlskloof this summer!
I adore Peter Dirk. Uys's satire no one in South Africa can or has met his ability to help us laugh at day to day newsworthy happenings or politicians the way he does. Look forward to seeing him live. A real South African icon.


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Latino, Hispanic, Latinx, Chicano: The History Behind the Terms
The effort to coin a term to describe a wildly diverse group of Americans has long stirred controversy.
Yara Simón
Steve Schapiro/Corbis/Getty Images
The terms Latino, Hispanic and Latinx are often used interchangeably to describe a group that makes up about 19 percent of the U.S. population. While it's now common to use umbrella terms to categorize those with ties to more than 20 Latin American countries, these words haven't always fostered a sense of community among the people they're supposed to describe.
Before activists, the media and government officials worked to group these identities into one, they were seen as separate. Puerto Ricans and Mexicans, for example, lived in different parts of the country and had their own distinct political and cultural identities.
Yet, as long as there have been people from Latin American countries living in the United States, there have been words to describe them. Some have fallen out of favor, while others have evolved. And many of them have a history as complicated as trying to unify multiple nationalities under one banner.
READ MORE: Hispanic Heritage: Full Coverage
'Hispanic' Helps Unify Communities, Agenda
The first time the federal government used the word Hispanic in a census was 1980. The appearance of the term was borne from decades of lobbying. "It took the debates of the 1970s, the protests of the late 1960s to get us to 1980," explains G. Cristina Mora, a sociology professor at UC Berkeley and author of Making Hispanics: How Activists, Bureaucrats, and Media Constructed a New American.
Before 1980, those of Latin American descent were considered Spanish-speaking, having Spanish origin or white on the census. The latter frustrated Mexican-American activists because they had no data to prove that their communities needed resources for programs, such as job training. The National Council of La Raza, known today as UnidosUS, led in lobbying the Census Bureau to change the way it categorized Latinos and uniting Puerto Ricans and Mexicans to "hammer out a Hispanic agenda."
"In the late 1960s and early 1970s as people in the Census Bureau and bureaucrats in the Nixon administration were thinking about what this new group would be called, Hispanic became a term that people thought would probably be well-known because it was linked to hispano," Mora says. "But Hispanic was helpful because it seemed more American."
Grace Flores-Hughes, who claims to have come up with the term Hispanic for the Census, pictured at her Alexandria home in 2003.
Juana Arias/The Washington Post via Getty Images
Hispanic refers to those from Spain and other Spanish-speaking countries, which excludes Brazilians. Grace Flores-Hughes, who worked as a secretary in what was then known as the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, has said she coined the term. However, as Mora explains, it's possible that Hispanic was in use before then.
While 1980 marked a milestone, this pan-ethnic term didn't really catch on until about the 1990s. By then, there had been two rounds of censuses and the media, particularly Univision and Telemundo, had helped to unite these communities.
"It wasn't just activists and it wasn't just bureaucrats," Mora says. "It was certain figures like Telemundo, Univision, who had a huge vested interest in connecting their audiences across the country and having those audiences across the country see themselves as one market."
'Latino' as Alternative to 'Hispanic'
While Hispanic may have utility, the term has been criticized for highlighting Spain, which colonized much of Latin America. Some have offered "Latino" as an alternative. This term refers to those from Latin America, meaning it includes Brazil but not Spain.
The word existed long before the 1960s. But Ramón A. Gutiérrez, a Preston & Sterling Morton Distinguished Service Professor of United States history at the University of Chicago, explains that it was previously a Spanish-language word that came from Latino America, which Colombian writer José María Torres Caicedo helped popularize.
"Latino is short for Latino Americano," he says. "And it's the result of what happens between 1808 and 1821 as the Latin American countries become independent."
In the second half of the 19th century, the abbreviated words "hispano" and "latino" were in use in California among Spanish speakers, but eventually, other terms replaced them. By 1920, they had "virtually disappeared," Gutiérrez writes.
The term Latino gradually re-emerged in English, appearing in books and even in a 1970 White House diary entry by Claudia "Lady Bird" Johnson. In another early example, a March 17, 1973 issue of the Black Panther Party's newspaper described a program drawn up by an "action group composed of Blacks, Latinos and Whites." By 2000, Latino was on the census, with the question, "Is this person Spanish/Hispanic/Latino?"
Though Latino deemphasized the connection to Spain, some still rejected the term as it attempted to group several distinct cultures into one. For example, a popular bumper sticker declaring, "Don't Call Me Hispanic, I'm Cuban!" circulated in Miami during the early 1990s, according to Mora. In many cases, those who didn't want to identify as Hispanic or Latino chose nationality.
According to a Pew Research Center 2013 study, only one in five respondents described themselves as Hispanic or Latino. Meanwhile, 54 percent used "their family's Hispanic origin term (such as Mexican, Cuban Salvadoran) to identify themselves" and 23 percent used "American" most commonly.
Some Mexican-Americans Embrace 'Chicano'
For some Mexicans who shunned Latino and Hispanic, this meant turning to the word "Chicano."
Mexican-Americans hold a rally at the California state capitol to protest discrimination. This group marched 600 miles from Calexico.
Bettmann Archive/Getty Images
There are a few theories about the origins of Chicano, including that it comes from mexicano (pronounced meshicano), a word that some "groups of Nahuas (Indigenous speakers of Nahuatl) began calling their language," writes David Bowles, an author and professor at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley.
Another possibility is that Chicano is a result of hypocorism. "It's basically using baby talk," Bowles says. "If you think about nicknames, Spanish nicknames, if you're Ignacio, you're called 'Nacho.' Graciela, you're called 'Chela.' It's possible that that could be some type of hypocorism behind the change from mexicano to Chicano—a playful kind of thing."
One of the first mentions of Chicano in print is in Spanish-language newspaper La Crónica in 1911, where it was used as a slur against "less cultured" Mexican Americans and recent immigrants. But by the 1960s, the word had changed. While not every Mexican or Mexican American would use the term, it gained traction, including among Mexican Americans who were fighting for civil rights.
"Because the word was in regular use at that time," Bowles says, "it was kind of this way of reclaiming the slur and using it for a political Latinx identity."
'Latinx' Emerges as Gender-Neutral Term
Spanish is a gendered language. If there is a group made up of women, they can be described as "ellas." If there is a group with men and women, it defaults to the masculine (ellos instead of ellas). The word "Latino" follows this convention, labeling nouns as either masculine or feminine. For those who fall outside the gender binary, this word fails to represent them, which is where the gender neutral "Latinx" comes into play.
Much like the other words used to describe those of Latin American descent, Latinx has faced some pushback—from arguments that it's difficult to pronounce to the Real Academia Española, the institution tasked with maintaining the consistency of the Spanish language, saying it's unnecessary. Some even argued non-Latino whites imposed the word on Latinos.
Bowles argues against this notion. "White people did not make up Latinx," he says. "It was queer Latinx people... They are the ones who used the word. Our little subgroup of the community created that. It was created by English-speaking U.S. Latinx people for use in English conversation."
Though it's unclear when or how it began, it's mostly tied to the early 2000s, with it reportedly appearing on Google Trends in 2004. There are a few possibilities about how the word came to be. One theory is that Latin American protests inspired the word. From the 1970s to the 1990s, as feminists protested, they would X out words ending in "OS" to "visually… reject the notion that the default is the masculine," Bowles says. It could have also been a nod to the use of X during the civil rights movement in the United States.
Despite an August 2021 Gallup poll finding that only 4 percent of Hispanic Americans use Latinx, it's a term that gained momentum through the 2010s and 2020s, cropping on TV shows and in politics.
Yara Simón is a Nicaraguan-Cuban-American journalist and author. She writes about Latinx culture and social justice issues.
How JFK's 'Viva Kennedy' Campaign Galvanized the Latino Vote
The Brutal History of Anti-Latino Discrimination in America
7 Groundbreaking Inventions by Latino Innovators
5 Latino-Led Labor Strikes That Championed Rights for American Workers
Hispanic History Milestones: Timeline


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Case Study: Bridging Loan for Property Developer
An experienced Developer wished to purchase a three bedroom semi-detached property on the outskirts of Essex. The property was in need of refurbishment throughout. To add further value, the Developer planned to extend the property within the existing development rights, creating a larger kitchen and dining space.
The property was valued at £550,000 and the Developer had a deposit and £60,000 cash to put towards the renovation. To purchase the property and complete the work he required a loan of £380,000. The exit strategy would be through the sale of the property.
The Developer contacted his local financial advisor to discuss the best available options. Unsure of which lender would consider financing the project on a short-term basis, the adviser contacted Ingard's Specialist Team. The team negotiated competitive terms with one of their bridging lenders, highlighting the Developer's previous experience and success.
The Developer completed the work to the property and secured a buyer within 7 months. Post-works the property was valued at £800,000. The bridging loan was repaid through the sale of the property with no early repayment charges.
This case study is for illustrative purposes only.
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Time to start thinking about buying or selling a new home. With that in mind, here are 5 Home Buying Tips to help you find your new home.
This should go without saying but some home-buyers forget the type of home that suits them best when they see a fantastic price or a home that shows well but yet may no be practical. Decide ahead of time what you're looking for whether that's a new or existing home, a ranch or multistory home.
With any major purchase, research is vital in today's economic world. Once you've decided what type of home is for you, you'll need to learn about the different cities, counties, neighborhoods and subdivisions. A great place to start is Dickerson & Nieman's website which has tons of great information about the Rockford real estate market. You'll also be able to search for all available properties in the MLS.
Lenders typically say you can afford a house priced two to three times your gross income. But with changes in the economy and lending practices, it's important to talk to a financial expert that can help guide you through the process. It's also helpful to get pre-qualified as this makes you more desirable to home sellers.
Your plans for the future may directly impact the type of home you buy today. For example, are you looking for a starter home with plans to move again in a few years? Or do you hope to stay for 5-10 years or longer? These questions are important when it comes to searching for your new home.
It's important to work with a professional that knows the market and that works to protect you during the home buying process. Find an agent that specializes in buyer representation whose first responsibility is to the buyer unlike the listing agent for a home, whose first duty is to the seller. Contact one of Dickerson & Nieman's real estate agents today.
Dickerson & Nieman is the top real estate brokerage in the Rockford market. Their real estate experts can help you find your next home. Contact us to learn more about Dickerson & Nieman.


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Save the date! Social Work Day will be in March.
For registration please check out the Social Work Home Page.
The 2012 Social Work Day topic was "Social Workers as First Responders to Trauma." Topics included the neuro-physiological response to trauma, working with families in the military, school tragedy and self-care to avoid vicarious traumatization. The school had over 240 attendees.


Changing What's Normal - Ian Berry's Blog: Are you trying to change what you can't?
Are you trying to change what you can't?
Most business owners/leaders are investing huge amounts of time and energy and/or money in trying to lift the performance of employees.
You can't change people or get them to lift their performance in a sustainable way.
Employees who are failing to bring their best to their work on a consistent basis, the majority in most workplaces, need to lift their own performance!
What you need to do is co-create the environment where accountability is possible.
There is a lot of talk about change management. Ignore it. You can't manage change. What you can do is manage the things around change such as systems, processes etc., etc. You can read more about this in my article Change Management is an oxymoron here.
Make it your practice this week to lead people and change and stop trying to manage either.
I work with leaders to conceive and achieve highly successful change initiatives.
I am getting very excited because my Enhancing their gifts™ system that enables business owners/leaders employing more than 20 people to lead change and people will soon be available to implement without my involvement.
I am conducting a never-to-be-repeated 1 day workshop in Melbourne to complete the filming of the stories, philosophies and techniques that are integral to the system. You can find out more here.
If you can't make it to Melbourne in September please subscribe to my complimentary Enhancing their gifts™ 9 lessons online course here.
Can you be in Melbourne on September 5th?
Where do you belong where you really don't?


Before I started CrossFit I was working out at planet fitness before work probably 3 days a week. I would typically do 30 minutes on the elliptical and some of the weight machines when I was felt like it. At the time, I worked at a hospital next to the gym which made it convenient to hop in and hop out in the mornings. I dreaded walking into the gym most mornings. I remember forgetting my ear buds and thinking there's no way I can workout without them. The only way the time would pass is if I could watch TV when I was on the elliptical.
At the time I quit my job of five years to pursue a new career and I had just had my second child. As a mother of now two small children and the pressure of performing well in my new position I was overwhelmed, tired and thought there's no way I could do or fit Crossfit into my life at the time.
What have you achieved since joining CrossFit Amoskeag?
Wow, where do I begin. I'm a better version of myself… A better mother, wife, daughter, sister, employee. We wear so many different hats, the list could go on but really I am a better version of myself. Not only am I stronger physically but also mentally. I've been doing Crossfit for four years and I keep learning things about my body I never thought was possible. The first few years I gained a ton of strength and more recently have been focusing on moving my own body weight more effectively. Combining these two components and closely monitoring my nutrition I recently lost 20 lbs. and I've never felt better!
Everyday I incorporate Crossfit into my schedule, not because I have to but because it's what makes me the strong, successful and happy person I am today. At Crossfit Amoskeag I've met so many amazing people from all walks of life who are constantly changing my perspective on what Crossfit truly is. Yes, it's a form of workout but Crossfit is very multidimensional and it can mean different things to and be altered for different people. Personally I'm constantly thinking about my strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities…ultimately how I can be better.
Crossfit gives me the foundation I need to work on all these things inside and out of the gym… and that's why joining CrossFit Amoskeag is the best choice I ever made??
Want to succeed like Jen? Drop your info in the form below and we'll be in touch. You'll even get two weeks of classes free.


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Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/eca/wpaper/2013-297162.html
Ethno-Regional Favoritism and the Political Economy of School Test Scores
Philip Verwimp
The northern provinces of Burundi have suffered from an inferior education system since independence. This paper shows that the current, northern-led regime has chosen a drastic way to reverse that subordination. The national test (Concours National) at the end of primary school is at the heart of the matter. Using the universe of individual test score data which can be used to construct a school-level panel and applying differencein-differences analysis, the paper shows strong improvements in test scores in northern versus southern schools since the ruling party won an absolute majority in the 2010 elections. Immediately after these elections, schools situated in very poor, rural areas in the north scored as high as schools in non-poor areas of the capital. The paper finds that increased success rates, improved mean test scores and decreased standard deviations are explained by the percent of votes at the municipality level obtained by the ruling party in the 2010 parliamentary elections. Controlling for school budget and cohort size variables does not change the results. The latter are interpreted in the political economy of education reform in Burundi and considered as a case of ethno-regional favoritism in Africa.
Philip Verwimp, 2019. "Ethno-Regional Favoritism and the Political Economy of School Test Scores," Working Papers ECARES 2019-28, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
Handle: RePEc:eca:wpaper:2013/297162
File URL: https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/297162/3/2019-28-VERWIMP-ethno.pdf
File Function: Full text for the whole work, or for a work part
Wintrobe,Ronald, 2000. "The Political Economy of Dictatorship," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521794497, December.
Pelle Ahlerup & Ann-Sofie Isaksson, 2015. "Ethno-Regional Favouritism in Sub-Saharan Africa," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 68(2), pages 143-152, May.
Ahlerup, Pelle & Isaksson, Ann-Sofie, 2014. "Ethno-regional favouritism in Sub-Saharan Africa," Working Papers in Economics 586, University of Gothenburg, Department of Economics.
Chongwoo Choe & Ratbek Dzhumashev & Asadul Islam & Zakir H. Khan, 2013. "The Effect of Informal Networks on Corruption in Education: Evidence from the Household Survey Data in Bangladesh," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 49(2), pages 238-250, February.
Ferraz, Claudio & Finan, Frederico & Moreira, Diana B., 2012. "Corrupting learning," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(9-10), pages 712-726.
Kasara, Kimuli, 2007. "Tax Me If You Can: Ethnic Geography, Democracy, and the Taxation of Agriculture in Africa," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 101(1), pages 159-172, February.
De Luca, Giacomo & Hodler, Roland & Raschky, Paul A. & Valsecchi, Michele, 2018. "Ethnic favoritism: An axiom of politics?," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 115-129.
Giacomo De Luca & Roland Hodler & Paul A. Raschky & Michele Valsecchi, 2015. "Ethnic Favoritism: An Axiom of Politics?," CESifo Working Paper Series 5209, CESifo.
De Luca, Giacomo & Hodler, Roland & Raschky, Paul A. & Valsecchi, Michele, 2016. "Ethnic Favoritism: An Axiom of Politics?," CEPR Discussion Papers 11351, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
ethno-regional favoritism; school test scores; elections; Burundi;
NEP-DEV-2019-12-09 (Development)
NEP-POL-2019-12-09 (Positive Political Economics)
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