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The Results section is where you can finally present the findings of your work. You shouldn't present every result of every experiment you did in your project, however. Results that proved inaccurate or experiments that didn't end up being relevant to the goal of your project are rarely, if ever, included here. The Results section is about piecing together a coherent story of discovery that communicates to your reader what new information your project brought to the scientific world.
To accomplish this, you will probably need to arrange your data in such a way that, regardless of the order of your experiments, you can present meaningful sets of results that will logically lead to the conclusions of the paper. All the messiness of actually obtaining your results—like dead-ends, discovering new information that forces you to re-design and re-do old experiments, or deliberating over whether or not a result is meaningful—has to be omitted for the sake of a clear, concise scientific story.
The primary purpose of a Results section is to describe your findings, including both the big picture results as well as the critical details. Any interpretation of your data should be reserved exclusively for your Discussion section. Even in combined R&D sections, the difference between reported data and interpretations of that data should be distinct, such as in the following example.
Adapted from Neubauer et al. (2015):
At low illumination intensities, R is highly nonlinear and the present device reaches a photoresponsivity of 106 V/W. This high value, compared to other hybrid sensors [11], is expected due to the narrow 1D-like high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) shallow-channel design, which generates a large gain mechanism.
The first sentence reports the result: the device reached a photoresponsivity of 106 V/W. The second sentence evaluates this result: that it is higher than other hybrid sensors and why this is expected. This paper continues in this fashion–immediately interpreting a result once it is presented–throughout its R&D section. Other papers might organize their R&D section such that all results are presented first, followed by a few paragraphs exclusively reserved for interpretation. Either approach is perfectly acceptable as long as you maintain a distinction between description and interpretation.
Your audience in the Results section is almost universally other expert scientists. When you objectively describe your results separate from your own interpretation, other experts will be able to examine the data critically for their scientific merit and possibly start drawing their own conclusions from them.
Rewrite each of the following sentences so that they objectively describe the data presented without providing any interpretation.
The average crystallite size and average strain calculated by using Eqs. (2) and (3) is 2.54 nm and 7.32 × 10-1 respectively, due to the structural disorderness which occurs during the thin film formation. (Adapted from Tripathi, Kaur, and Jyoti 2015)
The 100 nm size gold nanoparticles showed higher accumulation of gold in liver, lung and spleen, which agrees with previously reported data [11]. (Adapted from Sonavane, Tomoda, and Makino 2008)
Mean annual rainfall in these catchments varied greatly. (Adapted from Zhang, Dawes, and Walker 2001)
Because the cross-sectional geometry plays an increasing role in the velocity distribution, erosion starts when the bottom shear stress exceeds a threshold value of 5 × 10-3 N·m-2. (Adapted from Weill et al. 2014)
Decline in buried seed viability to less than 7 and 2% within 39 and 48 mo suggests that the soil seedbank of Benghal dayflower may be more ephemeral than persistent. (Adapted from Riar et al. 2012)
The average crystallite size and average strain calculated by using Eqs. (2) and (3) is 2.54 nm and 7.32 × 10-1 respectively.
The 100 nm size gold nanoparticles showed higher accumulation of gold in liver, lung, and spleen.
Mean annual rainfall in these catchments varied from 35 to 2980 mm.
Erosion starts when the bottom shear stress exceeds a threshold value of 5 × 10-3 N·m-2.
Buried seed viability declined to 6.7 and 1.9% within 39 and 48 mo.
Visuals are a critical part of telling your scientific story in the Results section. By guiding readers between text and graphics, you can most effectively show them how your discoveries unfolded. Without visuals, data can seem jumbled and confusing; without text, data won't be easily situated in the context of your experiments.
Before you begin writing your results section, remember that conciseness is a critical part of scientific writing. For that reason, visuals are used only when text is insufficient. Second, remember that when you write, you are telling a story; figures and tables are two ways in which you can add to your story and make it more compelling by giving evidence to back up your claims.
Figures are best used to show trends in or relationships between data as well as pictorial representations of experimental components. Tables are for showing purely qualitative data, such as a relationship between organisms and their optimal habitat type, as well as data between which you are not attempting to show any trend or relationship. In rare cases, you can use both a figure and a table, such as if you want to provide all of the data in a table but highlight an important relationship among some of these data in a graph; however, you must never simply repeat all of the same information in 2 formats. Schemes are used to show a progression of steps, such as a chemical reaction. Depending on the discipline and publication, the information in a scheme may be presented in a figure or as an equation, instead.
Figures make up a large category of visuals that includes graphs, diagrams, photos, maps, and more.
Graphs are the most common type of figure found in the scientific literature because they can convey large amounts of information very clearly.
Diagrams are useful any time you want to symbolically represent a potentially complicated idea to make it more easily understood. They are more common in posters, where even an experimental outline might be made into a diagram to make it more accessible to a given audience.
Photos are uncommon in fields like chemistry and physics, since they study phenomena smaller than on the microscale, but may be useful in biology or geology to show something like a sample or sampling site.
Maps are used almost exclusively in geology, where they can be useful for showing the location of a study or sampling, movement across an area, and other instances when knowledge of an exact location is useful.
Graphs and tables are most commonly used in the results section of a paper or poster, whereas diagrams and pictures are more likely to appear in your methods section. However, any table or type of figure can be used anywhere in a paper as long as it is relevant and useful to the reader.
Pro-3: Test yourself
In each of the following instances, decide if it would be most appropriate to present the data using a figure, a scheme, a table, or words alone.
The accuracy of a 5-point calibration curve you constructed to verify the lead content in a series of water samples
Population size and sex ratios for 4 different organisms grouped by habitat types to convey more detailed information about each organism
The positive correlation of population size to sex ratios for 3 different organisms in your study
The result that seed production was higher in a direct-sunlight condition than in a filtered-light condition
The effect of 2 different temperatures on the failure impact threshold (in Joules) of steel
The relative amounts (in percent yield) of each of 4 compounds in a reaction
The 4 steps in a proposed reaction mechanism
The surface features and average hardness and size of 18 different rock samples
The location of a lake where random water samples were taken to generally understand what kind of algae grows in that lake
The location of 6 different sediment samples in each of 4 major regions of interest in a stream for which you want to identify how contaminant levels vary at key points
A proposed autophagy signaling pathway involving 8 steps and 14 total proteins
Words: a calibration curve is only a verification of your method and almost never warrants more than a quick mention in your paper.
Table: there isn't necessarily any pattern of relationship among these data, but there is enough of it to where words alone could become confusing.
Figure (graph): in this case, there is a relationship between population size and sex ratios, which will be most clearly presented in a figure.
Words: there is a relationship between seed production and sunlight type, but because there are only 2 total data points, it is not enough information to warrant a graph.
Words: again, although you may want to show the relationship here, it will be equally clear using words alone.
Words: now we have 4 data points (without a trend), but this is still not enough for a table; it would be more concise in words alone. For example: "The relative abundances of compounds A, B, C, and D were 44.3%, 12.9%, 16.8%, and 26.0%."
Scheme: steps in a reaction are best shown in a scheme, although some disciplines and journals may prefer a diagram or equation instead.
Table: this is 18×3=54 total data points! That is definitely enough for a table.
Words: from the description, it doesn't seem as though the exact location of the water samples is necessary; instead, you could just say, "Samples were taken from 6 locations in Lake X."
Figure (map): The exact locations of these samples are important, so a map would likely be the most useful.
Figure (diagram): although a scheme may seem appropriate, diagrams are generally used for biological pathways in order to better depict the ways in which proteins (or other components) will physically interact, which is often the goal of such an experiment.
Each figure, table, and/or scheme should be numbered separately from one another starting from "1" as they appear throughout your paper. That means that after Figure 1 and Figure 2 you might have Table 1 followed by Figure 3.
In a journal article, every figure, table, and scheme must be referred to in the text before the visual itself appears. Following are some examples of what this might look like:
This nucleotide was often a conserved G (Figure 1).
The symmetry varies gradually from a symmetric bar to an asymmetric oval (Fig. 3A).
Higher yields were obtained using compounds B and F (Table 1).
The general procedure for alkylating these products is shown in Scheme 4.
In general, it is better to parenthetically refer to a visual, such as in the first 3 examples, rather than use a whole sentence just to mention the visual. Notice how when referred to in the text, "Figure" is sometimes abbreviated to "Fig."
After you've directed your reader to the visual, you have to make sure that the visual itself is properly constructed. Every figure and table in a paper must be able to stand alone (without your results section or intro or any other explanation!) and be understandable. That means that it needs a legend and possibly footnotes, if it's a table.
In addition to a good legend, be sure that your visual is as simple as possible while still conveying all the necessary information, which will help your reader avoid distractions and better understand your meaning. In general, this means that extra lines, symbols, colors, and words in your visual that don't need to be there shouldn't be there. For more information on how to achieve this, see our page on using visuals.
If you have constructed a complete visual, you don't need to repeat everything from the figure or table in your text. In fact, its a waste of space! Tables should replace text, not duplicate it; figures should highlight trends in data, which can be summarized in your text.
Data don't tell their own story–that's your job as the expert on your project. So, after you refer audience to your visual, highlight for your audience what is novel or particularly interesting or surprising about your data. But remember–steer clear of redundancy!
Below are some examples of figures and tables, accompanied by the text the authors used to describe them. The section of the paper from which the visual was taken is also provided for comparison.
Visual Text Reference
"The scope of this procedure for preparing gram batches of trans-porphyrins from 5-mesityldipyrromethane was examined by condensation with the eight aldehydes shown in Table 1. No scrambling was observed in the syntheses with aryl aldehydes, so this procedure offers a general and simple gram-scale preparation of 5,15-dimesityl-10,20-diarylporphyrins. The only modification to the procedure was required for the reaction with pentafluorobenzaldehyde because the porphyrin was contaminated with non-porphyrin pigments, but these were readily removed by triturating with hexanes. Such pigments were also observed in the condensation with n-hexanal and were also easily removed by trituration with hexanes, however LD-MS showed a peak consistent with Level 1 scrambling in this condensation."
Littler, Ciringh, and Lindsey (1999)
"Further estimation subtracted the average atmospheric contribution for each of the metals [51] to derive the relative metal accumulation from point sources (Table II). The results indicate that the relative accumulations of the metals decrease with distance from Burlington Harbor. The cores from the Burlington Harbor Oil Dock site had the highest concentration of each of the metals measured in this study. The cores from the Burlington (North) site recorded the second highest metal accumulation followed by Juniper Island and Shelburne Bay respectively. The magnitude of metal accumulation, corrected for natural and atmospheric deposition, indicates that the majority of the contaminants in the Burlington region are derived from local point sources. Accelerated metal accumulation from the 1950s, documented in the Burlington Harbor (North) core, corresponds to the local sewage treatment plant along with the effects of combined sewage overflows (CSOs), and runoff from the city of Burlington."
Mecray et al. (2001)
"Sequencing of RT-PCR products (Fig. 3) confirmed that all predicted introns in the four F. oxysporum MAT genes are removed, including the third intron in MAT1-1-3, which has an atypical 3′ splice signal (gag instead of cag or tag, Fig. 4). Note that RT-PCR confirms that the MAT genes from asexual F. oxysporum are transcribed."
Yun et al. (2000)
"Diabetic animals did not show any difference in DNA methylation in the 18S rDNA region as compared with normoglycemic animals (Figure 6). Old normoglycemic BALB/c mice, however, showed a significant increase in this epigenetic mark in comparison to young-adult normoglycemic mice."
Ghiraldini, Crispim, and Mello (2013)
Distinguishing between animate and inanimate capabilities
It is very common for students to refer to instruments or other inanimate objects as having the ability to perform the functions of a scientist–that is, to analyze data. But in reality, the most they can do is collect data. This is a very important distinction! Do not attribute limitations, capabilities, or errors to inanimate objects. A limitation might be a quality of an object, but that doesn't mean that the object actively limits the experiment. For example, compare the following two statements (adapted from an example in Write like a Chemist):
a. The GC/MS was unable to detect estrogen in the stream water.
b. Estrogen in the stream water was below detection limits.
In statement A, the GC/MS is given the ability (or inability) to detect something. GC/MS is used to detect substances, but it doesn't have the willpower to do it on its own. As another example:
a. The oscilloscope determined the frequency to be 12 Hz.
b. Using an oscilloscope, the frequency was determined to be 12 Hz.
The oscilloscope provides a measurement of frequency, but only you can determine which value to accept.
This may seem like a nit-picky distinction, but to personify an instrument is simply inaccurate, thus detracting from the scientific authenticity and professionalism of your writing. When in doubt, ask yourself: "Is a human using this object to do something?" If so, make sure that the object isn't ascribed an action verb.
Which of the following statements are inaccurately ascribing animate qualities to inanimate objects? Re-write any such statements to avoid this error.
The acid wash cleaned the glassware.
A probe sonicator lysed the cells.
Data were analyzed by Harmonic Analysis Software.
Soil temperatures were measured by LiCOR thermistor.
Syringe pumps were operated at a flow of 1 mL/min during particle injection.
This condition requires that samples undergo purification prior to analysis.
The oven heated samples to 55 ˚C.
Inaccurate. The glassware was cleaned using an acid wash.
Inaccurate. A probe sonicator was used to lyse the cells.
Inaccurate. Data were analyzed using Harmonic Analysis Software.
Accurate: an instrument can measure something.
Accurate: something can be "required" or made necessary by the mere conditions of a situation.
Inaccurate. Samples were heated to 55 ˚C using an oven.
Reporting data of scientific and statistical significance
In science, numbers matter. For example, by knowing not only that the concentration of product A was higher than of product B but also that it was 23.2% higher, we can compare a reaction resulting in A and B to other such reactions to help determine which might be most useful to future experiments.
You should report a quantitative result over a qualitative description of the result whenever it is appropriate. An example of when it might be inappropriate is if a quantity has no scientific significance, such as,
"The value was 3.4% below the limit of detection (LOD)."
If a value is below a limit of detection (or quantification), it cannot, by definition, be quantified and should therefore be reported as,
"The value was below LOD."
When you can report exact values, only do so to the correct level of confidence. This means that you need to know how to correct calculate significant figures–the number of digits in a number that carry meaning. Reporting a datum to the correct number of significant figures is important because it conveys the amount of precision of that value and is the only way to accurately report the value. On our page about professionalism we provide a cursory review of significant figures; for a more detailed resource, try this guide from Rice University.
It is also important that you are able to communicate statistical significance appropriately. Once you have conducted a statistical analysis of your data, you must be able effectively translate it into your report. Usually, statistics are reported both in a figure or table as well as in the body of your Results section text, when the data themselves are described.
Reporting statistics
Statistical significance and/or errors must always be shown in a figure, table, or legend that presents the data.
Table 3. CH4 oxidation states (mean ± SEM) calculated from TLEM experiments.
Figure 2. Running-wheel activity and sleep time after PTX injection… Significant differences were found in all groups (* p<0.05, ** p<0.01).
When reporting a mean value, you must also provide a measure of variability. Variability can either be defined by a standard variable (e.g. "s" or "SD" for standard deviation) or the procedure for calculating error must be described in your methods section. If data is shown in a table or figure, you can refer your reader to it instead of repeating the value.
Average distance was 4.3 nm (s=0.2 nm).
Average distance was 4.3 ± 0.2 nm.
Average distance was 4.3 nm (Fig. 1).
Scatter plots with regression analysis should report an R2 value in the legend.
Unless your paper is focused on mathematical or statistical operations and manipulations of data, you should keep discussion of statistics to a minimum. Statistical values are useful because they convey the amount of confidence you can have in your data often in a single number. In general, standard statistical analyses do not require explanation for how you performed them or what they mean. Here we provide examples of how statistics are discussed in the context of a results section.
Results with error and/or significance reporting Reference
On some dates, the AAT recorded multiple consecutive exposures of HD 4732 (Table 3)…. On the four dates that had multiple exposures, the mean velocity spread is 2.9 m s-1.
Sato et al. (2013)
The velocities with respect to North America have gradients that vary across eastern Nevada and western Utah (Figure 3). In western Utah, the velocity gradient across the Wasatch, Oquirrh, and Stansbury ranges is similar to that previously reported in several GPS studies [22-24], achieving a mean of 2.8 mm yr-1 west at the Nevada border and mean south rate for Utah stations west of -112° longitude of 0.8 mm yr-1…. West of the NV/UT state line, the velocity gradients change character, with a near-zero increase in east component and an increase of ~1 mm yr-1 when moving west from -114° to -117° longitude. A component of this gradient west of -114° describes clockwise rotation and not deformation.
Figure 3. Velocity profile across eastern Nevada/western Utah Basin and Range. Uncertainty bars are 2σ. Light gray are station names. Dashed vertical lines are the names of selected mountain ranges.
Hammond, Blewitt, and Kreemer (2014)
A xylitol-dependent glucose 6-phosphate accumulation through the pentose phosphate pathway and gluconeogenesis was detectable only for much higher xylitol concentrations (Table I). Doiron et al. (1996)
Table 1 displays results from each treatment of the present study. The hatch rates of each replicate (indicated by SD) clearly show the variability within individual spawns; such variability is common in commercial hatcheries.
Straus et al. (2012)
There were no detectable differences between the populations originating in Georgia or North Carolina at the Georgia location; therefore, data were combined for analysis (Figure 2). At initiation of the study, seed viability averaged 86%, declining to 63 and 33% at 12 and 24 mo, respectively. Burial of 36 mo or longer reduced seed viability to, 2%. The relationship between Benghal dayflower seed viability and burial time was described by a sigmoidal regression model (R2 = 0.89, P < 0.0001). Riar et al. (2012)
Subchronic inhalation of ultrafine and fine TiO2 particles resulted in a significant impairment of AM-mediated test particle clearance (Figure 5). Control animals had a clearance rate of the test particles of approximately 1% per day, for the animals exposed to the fine particles, the clearance rate was reduced to 0.6% per day; and for those exposed to the ultrafine particles, it was even further reduced, to 0.13% per day. Oberdörster, Ferin, and Lehnert (1994)
The Results section is the third major section in the standard IMRD format. It is one of the narrowest parts of your paper's hourglass shape because the information in it is very specific. In some types of papers, the Results might come before your Methods and/or be combined with your Discussion to make a combined R&D section. These organizational decisions will always be dictated by the journal you wish to publish in. For a class, if your professor has no preference, use the style that works best for your material. Reading other similar types of papers can give you a good idea of the organizational style you might want to choose.
As you saw in Style and Conventions, referring to figures, tables, and other visuals is a key part of most Results sections. According to Robinson et al. (2008):
A well-written Results section guides the reader's attention back and forth between text and graphics while highlighting important features of the data and telling the story of scientific discovery.
Although this may sound like a lot to accomplish in one section, breaking it down move by move will help keep the task manageable and ensures that you cover all aspects of reporting your results.
One of the most easy-to-understand ways to group information in the results section is to group results into smaller chunks. That way, instead of having to absorb results all at once, your audience can be introduced to and consider your results in manageable and sensible chunks. So if, for example, you collected two different types of data, you might want to introduce and discuss one set of data before doing so with the other.
Although it isn't related to organization, it is worth mentioning here anyway: remember that the results section is for presenting data, not to draw conclusions from it! You can combine these techniques only if you use a "Results and Discussion" section or similar broad organization pattern. Double check that you never discuss the implications of your data unless you are supposed to.
1. Introduce a set of results. This move transitions your reader from your methods to your results. It is helpful to briefly (no more than a sentence or two) remind your reader how you obtained a set of results so that someone could read your results section out of context and still be able to understand them. Below is an example of how part of a Methods section can be condensed into a summary sentence in the Results section.
An excerpt adapted from the Methods section of Costanza-Robinson and Brusseau (2002):
The media was uniformly mixed with the desired amount of water and packed wet into the column. The porous medium was tamped in the column at small increments, typically 1-cm, to minimize the formation of particle-size layering in the column. Aliquots of the wet porous medium were collected before and after packing to gravimetrically determine initial water contents. After the experiment, the column was unpacked and a small (<20 g) aliquot was taken from near the column inlet, three points along the axis of flow, and near the column outlet for gravimetric water content measurement.
Move 1(i) of Results:
Miscible displacement experiments were conducted at nine water contents ranging between 2% and 20%.
In submove (ii), you should refer your reader to a figure or table, if you are using one, that presents the data from this part of the experiment, such as the following excerpt from Weill et al. (2014):
Figure 6 shows the evolution of the cumulated erosion and deposition (in millimeters) during Exp_10 (Fig. 2, Table 2).
For conciseness, however, it is often preferable to combine submoves (i) and (ii). Here we provide a few examples of all of Move 1 accomplished in a single sentence.
Adapted from Campos et al. (2015):
The results of the flexural modulus and flexural strength of previously-photopolymerized and irradiated groups are presented in Table 3.
Adapted from Caputo et al. (2012):
Thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis of uninoculated medium containing L-phenylalanine (0.05%) revealed an optimal separation of the amino acid with a retention coefficient (Rf = 0.57±0.01) comparable to that obtained by the L-phenylalanine standard (Figure 2).
Adapted from Costa, Robertson, and Quilliam (2015):
The profile of PSTs in a cultured strain of Gymnodinium catenatum isolated from Cascais Bay in 2007 and a seawater sample collected during a bloom of G. catenatum off Aveiro also in 2007 was characterized via HILIC-MS/MS (Figure 4).
2. Present important aspects of the results. In this move, you are using the results you introduced in Move 1 to tell a scientific story. What are the trends in the data? What data stand out (either because they confirm previous suspicions or refute them)? The order in which you describe each important part of your results is up to you, but you should do it in a way that makes sense with the graphics you present and the importance of the data. Consistent with the "broad-to-narrow" approach (see our section on broad organization), authors will often present an entire section of results and then describe in more detail only those that turned out to be most interesting.
Examples of complete Results move structures
(Move 1 is underlined in the following excerpts; Move 2 is left unstyled)
Adapted from Katti et al. (2015):
Molecular dynamics simulations were performed on a double stranded rice plant DNA in the absence and presence of single walled carbon nanotube. Fig. 1(b) and (d) show the conformation of DNA in model-1 and model-2 after 10 ns of simulation. The presence of SWCNT strongly influenced and altered the conformation of DNA in model-2. The conformational changes in DNA were observed within few ps of simulation; however, wrapping of DNA onto the SWCNT started after 1 ns. Fig. 2(a)–(c) show the wrapping of DNA onto SWCNT at the time period of 1, 5 and 10 ns, respectively. As seen in these figures, DNA wrapping onto the SWCNT begins from the one end and moves towards the other end. It was observed that the fourteen base pairs in solvated DNA–SWCNT model have unzipped after 10 ns. Fig.1(d) shows that the unzipping mechanism of the DNA base pairs is more prevalent closer to the SWCNT.
Adapted from Ledda-Columbano, Columbano, and Pani (1983):
Preliminary studies carried out in our laboratory indicate that a single dose of 5 Mmol/100 g body weight of lead nitrate is able to induce DNA synthesis, as measured by the incorporation of labeled thymidine into hepatic DNA. Maximal activity of DNA was reached 30-36 hours after lead treatment; an increase in liver mass and total hepatic content of DNA at 2-3 days after treatment, with a return to normal values at 7-8 days after the administration of the metal, was also observed (data not shown).
Adapted from Hou et al. (2007):
In response to picture stimulus (mining accident related pictures versus neutral pictures), the PTSD group showed significant activations in the left posterior cingulate gyrus, the bilateral caudate and the right thalamus and significant deactivations in the right cingulate gyrus and the bilateral middle frontal gyrus. Control subjects showed significant activations in many brain areas (Table 1).
In a paper by Emerson and Moyer (1997), the authors describe an experiment in which they attempt to grow two different iron-oxidizing bacterial strains, ES-1 and ES-2, on various mediums . Below is an excerpt from this paper with an accompanying figure. Read the excerpt and answer the following questions:
How do the authors organize this portion of their Results section?
How early and how frequently do the authors refer to the figures?
Which of the three submoves (describe important trends, highlight key findings, identify unexpected results) do the authors utilize? Why do you think they didn't include the other move(s)?
What trends or data in the figure do the authors also describe in the text? What do the authors note in the text that they don't include in a figure or table? (Note that we don't include Figure 4 here, although it contains the same types of information as in Figure 5)
The growth curves of strains ES-1 and ES-2 are shown in Fig. 4 and 5, respectively. ES-1 grew on FeS with a doubling time of approximately 8 h. The addition of acetate to the growth medium did not appear to stimulate the growth of ES-1 above that of Fe2+ alone. When ES-1 was grown in the presence of agarose alone it did not show any sign of growth (Fig. 4). When it was grown in the presence of acetate, pyruvate, or glucose without added iron, there was no visible sign of growth.
Strain ES-2 grew on FeS with a doubling time of approximately 12.5 h and had a comparable doubling time when grown on FeCO3 (Fig. 5). It too did not grow with acetate, pyruvate, or glucose as a C source, nor did it show any indication of oxygen consumption in the presence of these substrates. ES-2 also did not grow on Mn2+, sulfide, or thiosulfate. The cell yield of ES-2 was not as high, 5 × 107 cells/ml, as that of ES-1, which reached a cell density of 108 cells/ml.
Both strains required vitamins for growth; when the vitamins were omitted their growth diminished markedly after two or three transfers. If bicarbonate was omitted from the medium and 10 mM HEPES buffer was substituted as a buffer at pH 6.5, it also appeared that the growth of the strains was diminished, as judged by the slower than normal formation of a growth band.
First they presented the growth attributes of ES-1. Then they mimicked the structure of this paragraph to present ES-2. Finally they gave the results that applied regardless of strain number.
They refer to the figures in the first sentence. They then refer back to the figures for each respective strain, too (to make the figure references more clear).
They describe important trends (e.g. increasing accumulation of Fe in Fig. 5). They also highlight key findings by including them both in the figure and the text (e.g. growth of ES-2 with FeS alone but not acetate + FeS). They don't identify unexpected results, probably because the authors were not sure what to expect when starting the project.
In a figure and in the text: Growth of ES-2 with FeS; growth of ES-2 with FeS + acetate. Not included in a figure/table: Data showing all of the mediums with which the strains did not grow; the curve for ES-2 grown with FeCO3; a figure showing that growth of both strains diminished when vitamins were omitted from the growth medium or when HEPES was used as a buffer.
Each of the following sentences are taken out of context from journal article Results sections. Identify the move associated with each statement. Also try to identify the sub-move, if you can!
To illustrate the effect of a changing temperature or sea level on the evolution of the AIS, we performed a simulation with a constant LGM temperature from the Fuji ice-core record and one with a constant LGM sea level from the SPECMAP sea level record (I0S and IF0 in Fig. 6b respectively). (Maris et al. 2015)
Under these conditions mono-alkylation is the main reaction, and only low percentages of dialkylation and elimination products are observed in GC. (Trabelsi, Szönyi, and Geribaldi 2001)
As shown in representative examples (Figure 3), heptane breakthrough curves exhibit relatively sharp and symmetric arrival and elution waves, indicating relatively ideal transport. (Costanza-Robinson and Brusseau 2002)
The hydrogen bonding in the Gua–Cyt base pairs decreases significantly by 35 as compared to only 6 in the Ade–Thy base pairs. (Kattie et al. 2015)
The measured distributions in the energy of each electron and the total energy of two electrons differ in shape from the expected distributions for the 2ν2β decay of 136Xe. (Belov et al. 2012)
Four preparations of Boza beverage (named 1, 2, 3 and 4) with different cereal contents (Table 1) were analyzed for pH, total titratable acidity (TTA) and water activity (aw). (Caputo et al. 2012)
Move 1(i and ii)
Move 2 (identify key findings)
Move 1(ii) followed by Move 2 (describe trends)
Move 2 (describe trends)
Move 2 (identify unexpected results)
Move 1(i)
In combined Results & Discussion sections, the move structures can often look very much the same as those described above, with the addition of an interpretive statement(s) as a "Move 3." For example, here is the first part of a combined section adapted from Neubauer et al. (2015):
The measurements were taken under a constant current of 0.23 mA using a 980 nm wavelength laser. Fig. 3 displays the light intensity dependence on the photovoltage on a log–log scale. At the measured intensities the photovoltage increases linearly with the light intensity. The experimental results could be fitted to a simple power law equation, Pαpβ, where P is the photovoltage, p the light intensity, and the β the power law index. Our best fit for the β value is β = 0.72.
Note how the first sentence accomplishes Move 1(i), the second Move 1(ii), and the following sentences Move 2. At the end of this paragraph, the authors added the following:
We believe that the surface effects of the GaAs are the major reason for the deviation from the ideal slope value, 1.
This final statement attempts to interpret the results they just presented.


Iridium nuclei at and beyond the proton drip line have been studied via fusion evaporation reactions. A reaction of Mo-92(Kr-78, p2n) at a beam energy of 360 MeV and target thickness 500 mu g cm(-2) was employed to study (167,167m) Ir. A reaction of Sn-112(Ni-58, p2n) at a beam energy of 266 MeV and target thickness 500 mu g cm(-2) was used to study (169,169m) Ir. The experiments were performed at the University of Jyvaskyla utilizing the RITU separator in conjunction with the focal plane GREAT spectrometer and the JUROGAM Ge array at the target position. Excited states feeding. both the ground state and isomeric state in Ir-169, excited states feeding the ground state of Ir-167 and the ground state alpha decay of Re-165 have been observed for the first time along with excited states feeding (167)m Ir Experimental spectroscopic factors and reduced widths have been obtained for the proton and alpha decay of these nuclei.


Elegant script bedtime quote that can be personalized with name of your choice! Wall decals are precision cut adhesive vinyl words and designs that are applied to walls and other surfaces.
Displayed in this image is our 42 x 19" design in our Black #70 vinyl.


Frequencies of the A673T variants in APP in various patients groups. This variants is least frequent in patients with Alzheimer's disease and most common in the elderly older than age 85 without evidence with cognitive decline, i.e. this variant protects against Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline.


AR9100's patented Nanoborate Friction Modifier and System Cleaner incorporates 4 complex organic esters that are formulated to dissolve and remove varnish, carbon and other deposits from the oil wetted surfaces of the engine. The esters also serve to facilitate the migration of the nanoborate particles to the engine's metal surfaces where they form a protective, solid boundary surface film that significantly reduces operating friction, protects equipment from wear, extends operating life and reduces energy requirements. By first cleaning the engine through its fluid system and then reducing surface friction, AR9100 is able to both restore and preserve engine performance in a number of important ways. In Ford Power Stroke 6.0L and 7.3L trucks, AR9100 cleans and lubricates the HEUI injectors. Stiction is eliminated and cold start problems including rough idling, cylinder misfires, and loss of power and acceleration are corrected.


It was announced that Photo London 2016's public programme will include four new exhibitions and works, specially commissioned for the fair and presented at Somerset House during Photo London from 19 – 22 May 2016.
The first of these exhibitions will honour the work of legendary war photographer, Don McCullin, who was named today as the Photo London Master of Photography 2016. The exhibition will be presented by Photo London in association with Hamiltons Gallery.
At a press conference this morning, Don McCullin joined Photo London to speak with artist and filmmaker Isaac Julien about his relationship with photography, and why he feels it is important. Visitors to Photo London will have a rare opportunity to hear Don McCullin speak in a public conversation at Somerset House with Tate Photography Curator, Simon Baker on Thursday 19 May 2016.
As one of a series of Photo London special commissions, two acclaimed young stars of the London art scene, Walter & Zoniel, will transform the eerie underground spaces of the Deadhouse at Somerset House into a giant camera to take the largest ever Ambrotype (or 'tintype') portrait as a live 'happening' for the opening night of Photo London.
At the Embankment Galleries at Somerset House there will be an exhibition by Turner Prize nominated artist Craigie Horsfield curated by the Wilson Centre for Photography. The Wilson Centre is the private collection of Michael G. Wilson OBE. The Centre loans photographs to museums throughout the world and is delighted to be exhibiting a selection of Horsfield's photographs from the collection.
The celebrated Multimedia Art Museum, Moscow (formerly Moscow House of Photography) is the only museum in Russia to have a specialised programme of festivals and projects. Olga Sviblova, its Director, will curate a special exhibition for Photo London at Somerset House of contemporary Russian photography from Sergei Chilikov.


text:
package org.elasql.storage.tx.recovery;

import static org.vanilladb.core.sql.Type.BIGINT;
import static org.vanilladb.core.sql.Type.INTEGER;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;

import org.vanilladb.core.sql.BigIntConstant;
import org.vanilladb.core.sql.Constant;
import org.vanilladb.core.sql.IntegerConstant;
import org.vanilladb.core.sql.VarcharConstant;
import org.vanilladb.core.storage.log.BasicLogRecord;
import org.vanilladb.core.storage.log.LogSeqNum;
import org.vanilladb.core.storage.tx.Transaction;
import org.vanilladb.core.storage.tx.recovery.LogRecord;

public class StoredProcRequestRecord implements DdLogRecord {
	private long txNum;
	private int clientId, connectionId, procedureId;
	private Object[] pars;
	private LogSeqNum lsn;

	public StoredProcRequestRecord(long txNum, int cid, int connId, int pid,
			Object... pars) {
		this.txNum = txNum;
		this.clientId = cid;
		this.connectionId = connId;
		this.procedureId = pid;
		this.pars = pars;
	}

	/**
	 * Creates a log record by reading one other value from the log.
	 *
	 * @param rec
	 *            the basic log record
	 */
	public StoredProcRequestRecord(BasicLogRecord rec) {
		this.txNum = (Long) rec.nextVal(BIGINT).asJavaVal();
		this.clientId = (Integer) rec.nextVal(INTEGER).asJavaVal();
		this.connectionId = (Integer) rec.nextVal(INTEGER).asJavaVal();
		this.procedureId = (Integer) rec.nextVal(INTEGER).asJavaVal();

		// FIXME
		// See writeToLog()
		this.pars = new Object[(Integer) rec.nextVal(INTEGER).asJavaVal()];

		lsn = rec.getLSN();
	}

	@Override
	public LogSeqNum writeToLog() {
		List<Constant> rec = buildRecord();
		return ddLogMgr.append(rec.toArray(new Constant[rec.size()]));
	}

	@Override
	public int op() {
		return OP_SP_REQUEST;
	}

	@Override
	public long txNumber() {
		return txNum;
	}

	@Override
	public void undo(Transaction tx) {
		// do nothing
	}

	@Override
	public void redo(Transaction tx) {
		// TODO replay the stored procedure
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "<SP_REQUEST " + txNum + " " + procedureId + " " + clientId +
				" " + Arrays.toString(pars) + " >";
	}

	@Override
	public List<Constant> buildRecord() {
		List<Constant> rec = new LinkedList<Constant>();
		rec.add(new IntegerConstant(op()));
		rec.add(new BigIntConstant(txNum));
		rec.add(new IntegerConstant(clientId));
		rec.add(new IntegerConstant(connectionId));
		rec.add(new IntegerConstant(procedureId));
		// XXX: we only record the size of the parameters for now
		rec.add(new IntegerConstant(pars.length));
		// Real code
//		rec.add(new VarcharConstant(Arrays.toString(pars)));
		return rec;
	}

	@Override
	public LogSeqNum getLSN() {
		return lsn;
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Product Description: Pool Time explores the joy of a summertime swim, anytime, anywhere. The water, the sunlight, the tiles, all of it all of the time! The water reflection pattern has an 80" vertical return so that this pattern fades to the tile background pattern as you diver deeper. The substrate for this paper is a sandstone textured commercial grade vinyl to mimic the texture of a pool tile surface. Further information: Permanent Wallpaper comes non-glued 80" vertical return 54" x 16' roll. One roll is 60 SF of wallpaper. Wallpaper is suitable for commercial and residential applications.


text:
Usatîi este un nume de familie de origine slavonă. Se poate referi la una din următoarele persoane:

 Andrei Usatîi (n. 1950), medic și ministru moldovean.
 Anatol Usatîi (n. 1976), economist și ministru moldovean.
 Renato Usatîi (n. 1978), politician moldovean.

Vezi și
 Usatâi

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
"""Policy Engine For <Project_name>"""

from oslo_config import cfg
from oslo_policy import opts as policy_opts
from oslo_policy import policy

from <project_name> import exception

CONF = cfg.CONF
policy_opts.set_defaults(cfg.CONF, 'policy.json')

_ENFORCER = None

def init():
    global _ENFORCER
    if not _ENFORCER:
        _ENFORCER = policy.Enforcer(CONF)

def enforce_action(context, action):
    """Checks that the action can be done by the given context.

    Applies a check to ensure the context's project_id and user_id can be
    applied to the given action using the policy enforcement api.
    """

    return enforce(context, action, {'project_id': context.project_id,
                                     'user_id': context.user_id})

def enforce(context, action, target):
    """Verifies that the action is valid on the target in this context.

       :param context: <project_name> context
       :param action: string representing the action to be checked
           this should be colon separated for clarity.
           i.e. ``compute:create_instance``,

       :param object: dictionary representing the object of the action
           for object creation this should be a dictionary representing the
           location of the object e.g. ``{'project_id': context.project_id}``

       :raises PolicyNotAuthorized: if verification fails.

    """
    init()

    return _ENFORCER.enforce(action, target, context.to_dict(),
                             do_raise=True,
                             exc=exception.PolicyNotAuthorized,
                             action=action)

def check_is_admin(roles, context=None):
    """Whether or not user is admin according to policy setting.

       Can use roles or user_id from context to determine if user is admin.
       In a multi-domain configuration, roles alone may not be sufficient.
    """
    init()

    # include project_id on target to avoid KeyError if context_is_admin
    # policy definition is missing, and default admin_or_owner rule
    # attempts to apply.  Since our credentials dict does not include a
    # project_id, this target can never match as a generic rule.
    target = {'project_id': ''}
    if context is None:
        credentials = {'roles': roles}
    else:
        credentials = {'roles': context.roles,
                       'user_id': context.user_id
                       }

    return _ENFORCER.enforce('context_is_admin', target, credentials)


text:
Home/BizNEWS/390th Memorial Museum to Display Newly Conserved A-2 Flight Jackets
390th Memorial Museum to Display Newly Conserved A-2 Flight Jackets
BizTUCSON May 13, 2021
The 390th Memorial Museum will feature a display of newly conserved A-2 flight jackets from its extraordinary collection and a presentation by museum curator Mae Casey.
The event will be held Saturday, May 15 from Noon to 12:30 p.m.
Eight jackets will remain on short-term display in custom-made cases on the mezzanine that overlooks the B-17, I'll Be Around. New jackets will be rotated onto display every three to four months.
The 390th Memorial Museum will also have two unique jackets out for temporary display. These two jackets went through the conservation process but are not stable enough to be displayed. It's a singular opportunity to view these treasures before they are permanently returned to their protected space.
"These jackets tell the story of the men of the 390th Bombardment Group who wore them so proudly nearly 80 years ago," said Errin Mendibles, the museum's director of communications . "These historical objects meant the world to us so we take their care very seriously. We know how lucky we are to have them and we are honored veterans and their families have entrusted their preservation to us.
"With almost 40 A-2 flying jackets in our possession, we have one of the largest collections in the country. Not many people realize these treasures are sitting here in Tucson," Mendibles said.
"It's our pleasure and privilege to be chosen as the permanent caretakers of these jackets," said Casey. "It is not a responsibility we take lightly. What these jackets represent and the stories they tell are priceless. We're so excited to share them with our patrons!"
For more information on the May 15 event, please visit 390th.org/unveiling or the museum's Facebook page at www.facebook.com/390thMMF.
Laura Meredith
Casino Del Sol Charity Golf Tournament Returns

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
El defecte de Frenkel o defecte de dislocació és un tipus de defecte puntual en  sòlids cristal·lins que duu el nom del seu descobridor Yakov Frenkel. El defecte es forma quan un àtom o un ió més petit (generalment un catió) deixa el seu lloc a la xarxa, creant un  vacant, i es converteix en un  intersticial allotjant-se en una ubicació propera. El seu mecanisme principal de generació és per  irradiació de partícules, com a concentració d'equilibri segons la distribució de Boltzmann és molt més petit que els àtoms intersticials purs.

En un cristall iònic, aquest defecte puntual es forma quan un ió es desplaça des de la seva posició reticular a un lloc intersticial, creant un  vacant al lloc original i un defecte intersticial a la nova ubicació sense qualsevol canvi en les propietats químiques. Aquest defecte apareix en un sòlid iònic que sol tenir un baix nombre de coordinació o una considerable disparitat en les mides dels ions. L'ió més petit (normalment el catió) està dislocat; per exemple. a  ZnS,  AgCl,  AgBr i  AgI a causa de la petita mida de l'ió zinc amb càrrega +2 i l'ió plata amb càrrega +1, els cations en els casos respectius es dislocen.

L'estructura cristallina AgBr presenta tant el defecte de Frenkel com el defecte de Schottky malgrat la disparitat en les mides dels ions constituents.

Efecte sobre la densitat
Tot i que els defectes de Frenkel impliquen només la migració dels ions dins del cristall, no es conserva necessàriament el volum total i, per tant, la densitat: en particular per als sistemes tancats, l'expansió de la xarxa a causa de les soques induïdes per l'àtom intersticial normalment domina sobre la contracció de la xarxa a causa de la vacant, la qual cosa condueix a una disminució de la densitat.

Exemples

Els defectes de Frenkel s'exhibeixen en sòlids iònics amb una gran diferència de mida entre l'anió i el catió (amb el catió generalment més petit a causa d'un augment de la càrrega nuclear efectiva)

Alguns exemples de sòlids que mostren defectes de frenkel:

 sulfur de zinc,
 clorur de plata (I),
 bromur de plata (I) (també mostra defectes de schottky),
 iodur de plata (I).

Aquests es deuen a la mida comparativament més petita dels ions: Zn2 + i Ag+ .

Per exemple, considereu una gelosia formada per Xn− i Mn+ ions. Suposem que un ió M deixa la subxarxa M, deixant la subxarxa X sense canvis. El nombre d'intersticials formats equivaldrà al nombre de vacants formades.

Una reacció de defecte de Frenkel en MgO amb l'òxid anió deixant la xarxa i entrant en el lloc intersticial escrit en la notació Kröger-Vink:

Mg + O → O + v + Mg

Això es pot il·lustrar amb l'exemple de l'estructura cristal·lina de clorur de sodi. Els diagrames de la dreta són representacions esquemàtiques bidimensionals.

Vegeu també
 Espectroscòpia
 Efecte Wigner
 Defecte cristal·logràfic

Referències

Bibliografia

Cristal·lografia


text:
Royal Artillery 18mm NATO Watch Strap with Silver Fittings
• Colour: Red/Navy/Yellow
• Fittings: Silver
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248
The Royal Artillery were formed in 1716, to replace the system of temporarily raised artillery units in the British Army that had preceded it. The regiment's ceremonial commander - known as Captain-General – is Queen Elizabeth II, and when on parade with its guns the regiment takes precedence over all others in the Army.
Our watch straps are a signature Smart Turnout accessory. Quick and easy to attach to almost any watch with a spring bar, you can adorn your wrist in a myriad of colours. The Smart Turnout NATO style watch straps are made of durable grosgrain and this one has been made in the striped colours Red, Navy, and Yellow, which are synonymous with The Royal Artillery. This 18mm width version will fit most timepieces with a classic spring-bar strap fitment.
Cheshunt 18mm NATO Watch Strap with Silver Fittings
White Embossed Leather 18mm Watch Strap with Rose Gold Fittings
Columbia University 18mm NATO Watch Strap with Silver Fittings
Rossall 18mm NATO Watch Strap with Silver Fittings


text:
Home Lifestyle A Visit To Kranji War Memorial: Lest We Forget The Heroes Of...
A Visit To Kranji War Memorial: Lest We Forget The Heroes Of WW2
Ee Jia Tan
As we remember the fall of Singapore and Total Defence Day, it is important for the young to remember history. World War 2 may have happened eight decades ago, but it is important we do not forget those who sacrificed their lives for peace – and a poignant spot to visit on the WW2 trail in Singapore is the Kranji War Memorial. It teaches us that history ought not repeat itself.
We decided to visit the Kranji War Memorial as it was not crowded and had lots of open space plus fresh air. The last time I visited was more than two decades ago as a secondary school student. Then, we learnt of history, its horrors as well as its heroes. Fast forward to today, with two boys of my own, I felt it was my duty to tell them of the same lest we forget our past.
The Significance of Kranji War Cemetery
Kranji War Memorial is situated at Woodlands Road and a tranquil spot, idyllic for a resting place. The area actually has three cemeteries: Kranji War Cemetery, Kranji Military Cemetery and the State Cemetery.
Kranji War Cemetery was a small cemetery started by the prisoners. There are 4461 burials including graves of prisoners at Changi, Buona Vista during WW2, and WW1 and WW2 graves from Bidadari Christian Cemetery, and WW2 graves from Saigon Military Cemetery. The Chinese Memorial is a collective grave for 69 Chinese members of the British Commonwealth Forces.
As you enter the cemetery, you will see the Stone of Remembrance near the entrance to the Cross of Sacrifice which leads to a terrace with four memorials. The largest is the Singapore Memorial with the names of about 25,000 soldiers and airmen. They may have no known grave. You can also see their names in the register kept at the memorial.
The memorial looks like a plane with a star at the top of a single pylon. You can feel the air of solemnness as you enter the memorial, the scale of the memorial also exudes the extreme bravery of the soldiers fighting the war. The memorial was unveiled in 1957 and overlooks the Johor straits where the Japanese first landed in Singapore
To the east of the memorial is the Singapore Civil Hospital Memorial which commemorates 107 servicemen who died at Singapore General Hospital.
To the west is the Singapore Memorial which remembers 255 casualties of the Malayan Campaign. To the South is the Singapore Cremation Memorial which commemorates 798 soldiers of the Indian Army.
Memorial services are held annually on Remembrance Day, traditionally the second Sunday of November which is also the anniversary of the end of World War 1, as well as ANZAC Day.
Kranji Military Cemetery & State Cemetery
The Kranji Military Cemetery is mainly a non-world war site and was built slightly later, in 1975. The graves from Pasir Panjang and Ulu Pandan cemeteries were relocated there. It comprises 1422 burials of servicemen and their families.
The State Cemetery has two graves, both former presidents of Singapore. Yusof bin Ishak who was Singapore's first president as well as Benjamin Henry Sheares, who succeed the post are both buried in the grounds.
Other Facts about Kranji War Memorial
Kranji War Memorial is part of the Kranji Heritage Trail which includes WW2 first landing site of the Japanese, Kranji Army Barracks including other farms in the countryside. If you are venturing northwards, why not complete this trail with your family to get more insights about the fall of Singapore?
There is also a plaque at the entrance of the Kranji War Memorial that details the timeline of the fall of Singapore to the Japanese. It was a helpful guide to explain to the boys how it happened and a little on the military strategy of the Japanese.
When you are at Kranji War Memorial, do keep a look out for wild boars which do roam the area. Keep your distance and do not approach nor feed them when you see one.
Kranji War Memorial – A Worthwhile Trip to the North
The trip to Kranji War Memorial was an insightful one, and one to remember. For more details on the war memorial, click here. If you would like to go on the Kranji Heritage Trail, find out more here.
Ee Jia is a #mumofboys who loves heading outdoors to expend their endless energy. She writes, reads and bakes sourdough to keep her parenting stress at bay.
LEGO Super Mario – Adventures with Mario Starter Course (71360): Fun With An Interactive Mario
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Where To Get Christmas Hampers & Holiday Gift Baskets In Singapore 2022
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Enrichment Classes In Singapore That Nurture Foundational Skills From An Early...


Music Hall · forums · community | osu!
Covers you like the most?
Songs suitable for 7/8 * beatmap?
Throw in your favorite song from your country.
Favorite rock / alternative band?
Can somebody make a beatmap of Dororo opening???
How is this Music genre called?


The promise of blockchain should not be undervalued. This new technology has the potential to forever change the way we conduct business today including the speed and cost of it.
Perhaps blockchain's strongest benefit is its wide applicability to so many different types of transactions across industry sectors and players. Blockchain can have many unique and varied applications. While one of the first uses of blockchain technology involved trading and managing cryptocurrencies like bitcoin, there are many other applications even today including managing transactions related to trade and commerce, including finance processes like payables, receivables, and regulatory compliance.
Currently, there are three types of blockchain networks – public blockchains, private blockchains and consortium blockchains. Public blockchains (such as Bitcoin and Ethereum) are fully decentralized, require very low levels of trust, are fully transparent where anyone may view public transaction records, require a consensus process for transaction validation, have limited privacy protections and are associated with very low transaction costs.
Private blockchains differ significantly from this public blockchain model. Private blockchains are highly centralized and require a 'high trust' entity (e.g. an enterprise or a consortium of companies). They restrict participants with ledger "read-only" permissions while the centralized authority rules on all allowable changes, transaction reversals and modifications. They also have greater privacy protections with the centralized entity controlling who has access to various parts of the blockchain and the amounts are charged for blockchain transactions. Currently, common finance applications of private blockchains in use by enterprises include order-to-cash, trade finance, intercompany transactions, and account reconciliation.
But the promise of blockchain beyond these limited applications is significant. Other processes that extend well beyond finance, such as for supply chain management, asset tracking, warranty service, and regulatory compliance have the potential to also be streamlined using blockchain technology.
Blockchains perform transactions and facilitate recordkeeping using automated, low-cost mechanisms. They enable rapid asset transfer through secure, real-time protocols. Eliminating the slower "stage-by-stage" middlemen required by more traditional nonautomated transaction processing squeezes cost out of the supply chain processing and eliminates the concomitant costs of record keeping and data reconciliation all along the way. Huge cost savings. Faster transactions. Global reach.
The permanent (immutable) record created through blockchain transactions also provides excellent governance in the form of smart contracts. A smart contract makes sure each part of a transaction is validated the instant it happens, triggering the next required action, exactly when it is supposed to occur, until the process is complete. And another benefit of blockchain is that the permanent and irreversible nature of blockchains greatly reduce the possibility of fraud and errors.
Smart Loans: "Smart loans" hold digitized information like loan clauses integrated with automated business logic to reduce settlement times. BENEFITS: Reduced need for intermediaries.
Digital Identities: Digital identities cryptographically bound to details (e.g. creditworthiness) of all stakeholders for accelerated onboarding and predefined roles. BENEFITS: Faster transactions, shared data.
Document Digitization: Loan agreements, term sheets and contracts are converted into "smart" digital documents enabling proof of existence and eliminating inefficiencies from paper documents. BENEFITS: Increased efficiencies, less paperwork.
Verification & Authentication: Real time confirmation of associated digital documents (commitment / authorization / collaterals) across multiple stakeholders. BENEFITS: Faster time to market, real time results.
Asset Transfers: Dynamic transfer of ownership of loans, securities, collateral, and physical assets (fiat currency) to reduce cycle time and facilitate reconciliation. BENEFITS: Reduced time and headcount required to monitor transfer of assets.
Encryption: Encryption technologies enable anonymity of sensitive data in shared environments for transfer of assets and currency. BENEFITS: Secure data, more privacy.
When multiple separate companies need to write or add to a ledger, blockchain can be an effective way to streamline transaction processing and create one source (record) of the truth. Blockchain is an excellent solution when participants include multiple manufacturers, suppliers, customers, service providers, transportation providers, regulators, and even, possibly, tax authorities.
When a group of companies share a targeted purpose within a sector (e.g., food safety, health care claims adjudication, or mortgage underwriting compliance), blockchain has strong potential. Groups of companies facing a broad set of complex transactions can benefit greatly from setting up blockchains across their trading ecosystems. Blockchains enable the management of things like asset purchases, financing, warranties, insurance, regulatory compliance, and public safety – in an integrated manner and all at the same time, faster, at lower cost and more reliably.
In some transactions, high-quality records add value at the time of the transaction, and for a limited time after. Blockchain delivers immediate benefit for real-time recordkeeping. Blockchain is an excellent solution when many parties need to access, create, and maintain records over an extended timeframe (e.g., such as occurs with decades-long asset lifecycles, or over the entire lifetime of a patient). Also, for many regulatory bodies, blockchain is a reliable way to document and manage compliance.
For companies that want to improve their working capital or liquidity, the lower friction of blockchain enables near real-time transfer of assets. Blockchain can eliminate the lag in payment cycles and asset transfer, which can help reduce costs, improve accuracy, and provide compliance efficiency. Additionally, the transparency of blockchain can help streamline trade finance and/or supply chain financing across multi-party networks.
The most likely scenario here is that technology leaders within companies will discover new blockchain-enabled solutions and will become the early adopters of this evolving suite of applications. Company leadership teams will then be charged with strategic decision making about when and how much to invest in this new path.
Our final article in this series on blockchain examines the CFO's role in strategically evaluating blockchain's potential and partnering with the management team and board of directors to unlock the promise of blockchain across an enterprise.


Appanapalli Bala Balaji Temple is dedicated to Lord Venkateswara. The deity is believed to be self-manifested here.
As per the Legends, Sage Kasyapa married Kadru, daughter of Daksha Prajapati. Kasyapa had many other wives among them Vinata is popularly known. Kasyapa and Kadru were blessed with 1000 serpents. Kadru had a bet with her sister Vinata, whoever loses the bet will serve other. Here is the bet, Kadru said that the Indra's White Horsetail is black when Vinata disagreed on this. Kadru too knows that the Horsetail is white, she wants to play a trick so that she can enslave her sister. For which she asked her Sons twine themselves to the tail themselves so that it looks black. But Kadru's sons disobeyed her request for which she angered and cursed them that they all will die in the Yagna fire. Worried Nagas calmly executed the command. Vinata lost the bet and became the slave. Garuda born to servant Vinata and started serving Kadru. Garuda relieved his mother from the slavery by servicing Vinata's command for Nectar (Amruth).
From then on Garuda started hating Nagas and started eating snake each day. King Jimutavahana gave up his life while protecting a serpent Sankachoodudu from Garuda. Hence the place popular by the name Arpana Palli (Arpana means Sacrifice, Palli means Village) , later transformed to Appanapalli. On request of Jimutavahana, Sage Kasyapa ordered Garuda to divert rivulet of Vasista flow through Appanpalli. The river flow passed through the village and serpents which were killed by the Garuda attained salvation. Hence, the rivulet was known by the Vynateya (Son of Vinata).
Vakulamatha wants to the see Lord as a child, on request of his mother Lord self-manifested here. Here is the story, Molleti Rama Swamy a coconut vendor, son of Molleti Munaiah and Mangamma, is an ardent devotees of Lord Venkateswara. He used to visit Tirupati regularly, once Lord in the form of a child appeared in the dreams of the devotee and told him that he will manifest in his village. One day Rama Swamy noticed Lord Balaji Idol in the weighing pan, he named the Idol as Bala Balaji and installed the Idol.
How to reach Appanapalli Bala Balaji Temple?
You need to book online, for booking accommodation please contact 9393939150.


"Oh my god, is he proposing??" my friend's text message read.
I recoiled in horror. "No, no, no and NO!" I wrote back straight away. "We're just having dinner."
Considering where we were having dinner, it wasn't too difficult to see why she thought my boyfriend was going to pop the question.
Caprice restaurant in the Four Seasons Hotel in Hong Kong has been consistently achieving accolades for its French fine dining experience - in 2013, it was ranked 73rd place in the top 100 restaurants in The World's Best Restaurants Awards. From 2010, it was awarded three michelin stars...until it was demoted to two michelin stars in 2014.
And that's what had my curiousity piqued: all my previous experiences with Caprice (corporate lunches and family dinners) were pre-2014 - and I wanted to know if much had changed since then.
Entering Caprice in the Four Seasons Hotel in Hong Kong.
Initially, it appeared that not much had. A warm and welcoming maître d took us to our table, which sat back slightly from the view of Hong Kong's harbour and the Kowloon skyline. Giant diamond shaped chandeliers with oriental tassels hung above us, filling the area with a warm, slightly orange glow that I have come to associate with French restaurants (see my review of La Tour D'Argent restaurant in Paris), and jazz saxophone music played unobtrusively in the background.
I (unintentionally) tested the sommelier's knowledge when I asked him about the difference between two types of champagne (both HK$250 / US$32), and he instantly informed me that one was pinot noir based and the other was chardonnay based. Opting for the Egly Oriet (the pinot noir one), I was very pleased to find the champagne had a peach blush and a refined, fruity flavour that wasn't overly tart. I later also opted for a glass of Gevrey Chambertin Dom 2010 pinot noir (HK$240 / US$30) - a pleasant and easy to drink pinot, with a light cherry flavour.
"I only drink champagne on two occasions: when I am in love, and when I'm not." - Coco Chanel.
To begin with, we were served a hors-d'oeuvre of Spanish ham with egg yolk emulsion. I'm not a fan of ham, but this was pleasing: a rich, smokey flavour with a tender, almost soft, texture. The giant bread pastry from Morocco that followed was less impressive - it tasted like the light, puff cake that you find in Chinese bakeries.
Tender and smokey Spanish ham.
Sadly the Moroccan bread did not live up to expectations. Think puff pastry.
This was, however, redeemed with a choice of four pastries. I HIGHLY recommend the seaweed butter bread roll for those of you who love your baked goods soft, rich and buttery. Despite my doubts, there was only a hint of seaweed (and only if you took the time to smell it), but remember that going for this bread comes at a price: your fingers will be oily afterwards from all the butter.
The seaweed butter roll on the left is to die for. Literally, when you think about the amount of butter they used.
We opted for their seasonal menu which was black truffle themed, and costs HK$1,695 (US$220) for seven courses. Note that their normal set menu costs around HK$1,990 (US$255) for 10 courses.
First up was the Flammenkuche tarte, which was beautifully light and crispy. Despite the large slices of black truffle, the flavour was subtle, perhaps partly overwhelmed by the onion and four year old cheese (neither of which I had a problem with!). What was somewhat disappointing was the artichoke - this almost seemed like an afterthought added on top that really didn't add much to the dish.
Next we had the pork ravioli with large black truffle, toasted black truffle brioche and again artichoke creamy soup. I found the ravioli strangely sour, and the soup surprisingly too creamy (surprisingly, because I love creamy soups). Overall the dish didn't commit to any particular flavour, creating the impression that it lacked punch.
Pork ravioli and artichoke soup.
Then came the pan seared scallops with raw pumpkin and pumpkin puree (and of course, black truffle). The scallop was seared perfectly, and I really enjoyed the fresh pumpkin puree, but the raw pumpkin rolls were hard and tasteless.
Seared scallop with pumpkin puree.
After this was my personal highlight of the night - roasted Brittany Blue Lobster with asparagus polenta and black truffle. Given that I'm not a lobster fan, I was hugely impressed with its flavour, and how it was complemented and balanced by both the truffle and the polenta with its sweet sauce. The dish also came with a deep fried lobster claw - I don't eat deep fried food, but my boyfriend assured me it was good.
Lobster with asparagus polenta and black truffle.
The next main was the braised and caramelised pork belly with green bean and finely sliced celery salad. I have to admit that this was somewhat disappointing: the pork belly was too thick to be able to enjoy all layers of it in one mouthful, and to add salt to injury...it was overly salty. Surprisingly, the greens and sliced celery were a hit though - even for my boyfriend, who normally shuns vegetables.
Caramelised pork belly with truffle and sliced beans and celery.
Almost at the end, we were served crispy apple that was cut into beautifully thin slices, along with a creamy, brie like cheese. Perhaps it was the combination with the apple, but I found the cheese was a bit tart and acidic.
Crispy apple slices with creamy cheese and black truffle.
Before our desserts arrived, we were served petit fours. I highly recommend the mojito macaron and the whiskey truffle - if you're feeling full (as I was), then give the others a miss.
This is because the final dish, a hazelenut sable with praline mousse, and black truffle ice cream, is divine. If you don't appreciate a lime tang to your desserts, you may want to ask them to serve it without the kaffir lime foam, but I think it balances out the richness and smoothness of the mousse perfectly.
This is one thing I found rather baffling. Caprice has, to my mind, always been associated with impeccable, almost unparalleled, service. I recall on my previous visits waitresses escorting me to the bathroom; and of a ring of waiters encircling all the guests at the table, carefully lifting up the cloche covers simultaneously like they had choreographed their routine.
This time, the service was friendly (we were offered menus to takeaway with us as souvenirs and encouraged to take home the caramel candies at the end) but somewhat casual (we had a brief, casual conversation with a fairly young, warm waiter on how we found the food and what his favourite dish on the truffle menu was).
This is not to say that I didn't enjoy it (in fact if anything, I found it made the restaurant feel more approachable), but there were times when I caught myself wondering what had happened to the "old Caprice service" - like when no one unrolled the napkin for me to place it on my lap and I had to do it myself (oh the horror! How preposterous!), one waiter was seen ironing the table cloth at the table opposite us, and how my plate was taken away before my boyfriend's was (and while he was still eating).
All in all, I would still recommend Caprice as a restaurant for a special occasion due to its central location, friendly service, and warm but opulent atmosphere (so don't worry girls, you can still send this post to your boyfriends as a hint for Valentine's Day).
Having said that, I feel the downgrade from three michelin stars to two was perhaps warranted, and that it is best to stick to the à la carte menu, which serves up their classic specialties (including their famous cheese), rather than adventuring to a seasonal menu where dishes take on a more experimental turn.
PS. Photos courtesy of The Boy. Aside from the last one, obviously.


text:
Q: Preparing two side page layout My university provided me with a LaTeX template to prepare my thesis but they didn't update the class file although they have changed the rules. In the image, you will see the current rules. Also, the following code part of the class file is the relevant part for it. I tried everything I know but I failed. Can anyone please update it for me?

Rules in the image file: top, bottom, outer sides: 2.5 cm spaces, inner sides: 4 cm spaces
Besides the image file, they also said that:

Page numbers must be 1.5 cm above the bottom of the page, in the
direction of the reading.

\AtBeginDocument{
    \setlength{\voffset}{-4mm}
    \setlength{\hoffset}{0mm}
    \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{14.6mm}
    \setlength{\evensidemargin}{1mm}     %% 1 in(25.4 mm) + 15.6mm = 40 mm
    \setlength{\topmargin}{3mm}
    \setlength{\headheight}{0.0mm}
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    \setlength{\textheight}{238mm}
    \setlength{\textwidth}{145mm}
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    \raggedbottom
    \normalsize
    \normalfont
    \oneandonehalf
    \setcounter{tocdepth}{4}
    \setcounter{secnumdepth}{5}
}

A: Solved by geometry package using with asymmetric

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
At a public hearing on September 15, 2022, the Board of Water Commissioners voted to approve new water rates due to increases in overall expenses.
The new rates are as follows:
Residential Customer (semi-annual)
Commercial Customer (quarterly)
Base Rate 0 to 2,000 cu. ft. -- $85.00 Minimum 0 to 1,000 cu. ft. -- $42.50 Minimum
Step Rate 1 2,001 to 10,000 cu. ft. -- $4.16/100 cu. ft. 1,001 to 5,000 cu. ft. -- $4.16/100 cu. ft.
Step Rate 2 10,001 cu. ft. & over -- $4.64/100 cu. ft. 5,001 cu. ft. & over -- $4.64/100 cu. ft.
Portable Meter Rate $12.00/100 cu. ft
The new rates will take effect October 1, 2022.
Commercial customers will see the increase in their January 2023 bill, while residential customers will see the increase in their April 2023 bill.
The LWD is bordered on the north by the Lynnfield Center, on the east by Peabody, on the south by Lynn and Saugus and on the west by Wakefield. In addition, the district also provides water to over 90 percent of all commercial customers in the town of Lynnfield.
lwd@lwdma.us


There are six twin bedded tents and one double bedded tent. The single beds can be pushed together to make a double bed. There is one twin bedded guide/pilot room which is much smaller than a standard tent.
There are four twin bedded tents and one double bedded tent. The single beds can be pushed together to make a double bed. There is one twin bedded guide/pilot room which is much smaller than a standard tent.
There are two family tents at Vumbura North each accommodating four guests comprising two bedrooms each with own bathroom facilities. The main adult room has a large sunken lounge and spacious showers whilst the second child's room is smaller and has standard facilities.


What a difference a year makes... This time last year Lacey (aged 6) from Dublin, was in Great Ormond Street Hospital waiting for a heart transplant and now she has just recently returned from her wish to go to Disneyland! Lacey's Mum said, "It was magical from start to finish, the smile never left Lacey's face the whole time we were there! It was amazing to see her walk around Disneyland with not a care in the world..."


text:
M3 Sweatt's blog	M3 Sweatt's blog
Thoughts on time, technology, products and services at Microsoft
Satya Nadella: the new president in Microsoft's Server & Tools Business
M3 Sweatt February 9, 2011
News today: we have a new president in the Server & Tools Business: Satya Nadella, a respected technical leader here at the company (as noted here: http://bit.ly/i5ovIb). Satya moved from MBS to the Online Services Division to head up the engineering division there, which includes Bing, MSN and AdCenter (our advertising platform).
Satya Nadella hasn't blogged in quite a while - I'll suggest that he pick this back up ;) You can check out his old posts at http://bit.ly/iejhvy. In particular I enjoyed one of his last posts on "making complex things simple" mantra, with observations from the book "The Laws of Simplicity" by John Maeda...
"I recently read The Laws of Simplicity by John Maeda. He has a cool web site as well. In the Dynamics group there is a lot of passion around this subject.
"John's first rule – REDUCE: Simplicity through thoughtful reduction…strikes me as the most critical, when it comes to software design.
"I remember going to for my first meeting with the technical team at Navision before the acquisition. Their entire presentation was around how little code they have in their application. Mind you this was before we had settled on price!!
"This spirit of "minimalism" has helped us a ton as we have looked to evolve our apps and make them modern both in terms of user experience, runtime infrastructure and design time tools."
This reminds me of another discussion: Tony Scott, our CIO, asked Steve Ballmer (as noted on the Microsoft CIO Network site) about the biggest lessons he has learned over the ten years Steve has been CEO.
"... there's a quote from a college basketball coach who just died here in the U.S., a guy named John Wooden, who was the coach at UCLA for many years. But his writing on this sort of stands out to me. He used to tell his players, "Be quick, but don't hurry." In our business more than any, you've got to be quick, but don't hurry. You can hurry things and you get a bad outcome if you try to rush, rush, either half-baked, not forward-looking enough. But if you just take your time, you're slow, you're not in the market, you're going to fail too. And so really being thoughtful about -- it doesn't mean -- there's no implied algorithm of how you be quick but don't hurry, but I know that a lot of the bad decisions I made, I made when I did hurry or when I took too much time to make a decision. One or the other. And so those are sort of my principles that I've learned. I mean, I can also tell you I've learned a lot of things from specific projects."
Tags: announcements, Microsoft, Windows Server.
Also available via http://bit.ly/hXrbf5
Tags CPE Microsoft culture People Windows Server
Announcements articles Microsoft of interest DST Windows Vista advice Your Questions Windows 7 hardware news what i read People Windows XP customer support customer satisfaction Microsoft culture customer service link IT management
All of 2009 (155)


text:
Arts and Science ASEANEWS Fashion General Health Home Latest Lifestyle Magazine
ARTS | 2023 NEW YEAR | Lunar New Year, the Year of the Cat, festival in Vietnamese culture
January 16, 2023 January 16, 2023 Contributor 0 Comment art, ARTS | 2023 NEW YEAR | Lunar New Year, Custom, festival in Vietnamese culture, the Year of the Cat, tradition
FELINE FINE: Sculptor Nguyễn Tấn Phát's latest collection was inspired by images of the witty and playful cats. VNS Photo Minh Phương
Sculptor Nguyễn Tấn Phát's collection includes 2,023 feline statuettes, meticulously crafted from jackfruit wood and covered with lacquer, or from laterite, the indigenous materials of the artist's hometown.
The witty and playful cat, the Oriental zodiac animal of the upcoming Lunar New Year, the Year of the Cat, festival in Vietnamese culture, has become the inspiration for a new collection of lacquer works by sculptor Nguyễn Tấn Phát from Đường Lâm Ancient Village on the outskirts of Hà Nội.
The collection includes 2,023 feline statuettes, meticulously crafted from jackfruit wood and covered with lacquer, or from laterite, the indigenous materials of the artist's hometown.
This is Phát's third unique collection of artworks inspired by symbolic animals of the lunar calendar. Before the cat collection, he made 1,010 buffalo statues on the occasion of the 1,010th anniversary of Hà Nội in 2021, and 2,022 small tigers to welcome 2022, the Year of the Tiger.
The special feature of the collections is uniqueness – no item looks alike. In his latest collection, the cats are depicted in various positions that showcase their cuteness and playfulness, chasing each other, teasing a mouse, sunbathing on house roofs or climbing trees.
CAT LOVER: Sculptor Nguyễn Tấn Phát wishes to promote the values of Vietnamese traditional lacquer craft and culture. — VNS Photo Minh Phương
"Through this lacquer statue collection, I wish to promote the values of Vietnamese traditional lacquer craft and culture by welcoming 2023 or the Year of the Cat," Phát told Việt Nam News.
"The feline statues are inspired by the image of cats in Vietnamese folk art, and the number of the artworks corresponds to the year 2023, which is expected to leave a lasting impression on the viewers."
Interestingly, the cat artworks could have different functions. Besides being decorative items, they can be used as a box, a flower vase, or a tea tray, making images of the animal dearer to art lovers.
To complete a one-of-a-kind artwork, the 40-year-old artist has to work on various steps, from visualising the ideas, chiselling and shaping the wood block, and then covering it with layers of paint.
After it is dried, the item will be polished, inlaid with eggshells or mother-of-pearl and added hand-drawn features like eyes or whiskers. Each artwork takes many days to finish. To save time, he works alternately on several items a day and has one or two people to assist with simple work steps such as painting, sanding and lacquering.
He revealed that the phases of shaping and painting the statues are the most important.
Sculptor Nguyễn Tấn Phát revealed that the phases of shaping and painting the statues play the most important role. — VNS Photo Minh Phương
"As an old Vietnamese saying goes: nhất dáng nhì da (first shape, second skin), and the statues first and foremost must have a beautiful shape. Then comes its skin or the paint. The more elaborately and meticulously they are painted, the more complete and beautiful they become," Phát said.
Not only different in shapes, the statues are also diverse in styles of sculpture. While some are crafted in realism style, others are depicted in abstraction or expressionism.
ONE OF A KIND: The special feature of the feline statue collection is uniqueness – no item looks alike. — Photo courtesy of the artisan
"To differentiate them from tiger statues, I have carefully studied the cat figures. The cat's face is always triangular, with big ears, pointed chin, and its tail is long and straight-up," he added.
According to Phát, the image of a cat has inspired him as it is a domesticated animal closely associated with Vietnamese life and loved by everyone, from children to the elderly.
"I have come up with many unique cat figures and positions, but I have been most impressed with the image of cats playing in the sun. That explains why I have created many decorative items depicting cats playing around."
The most impressive and sophisticated work in Phát's feline collection is a set of chairs with different colours and a fish-shaped table, which he has named Bữa Tiệc Ngày Xuân (A Spring Feast). Patterns inspired by Vietnamese folk art and tales like Đám Cưới Chuột (Mice's Wedding) or Chú Bé Ôm Mèo (Boy Hugs Cat) are used to decorate the chairs.
SEAT SET: The most impressive and sophisticated work in Phát's feline statue collection is the set of chairs with different colours and a fish-shaped table, which he has named 'Bữa Tiệc Ngày Xuân' (A Spring Feast).
"The set showcases the meal of a cat family celebrating a new year. It aims to deliver my wish of a joyful party for every Vietnamese family in 2023, just like these witty and lively cats," he said.
Unlike the previous collections that were mainly exhibited in Hà Nội, the artist has taken his feline artworks further, having them displayed in HCM City last December. Through the eight-day solo exhibition, he introduced the traditional craft to more people in the southern city.
Dedication to ancient craft
Sculptor Nguyễn Tấn Phát is pictured with the feline statue that won third prize in the Việt Nam Handicraft Design contest 2022. — Photo courtesy of the artist
Phát was born in Hà Nội suburb's Sơn Tây Town. As the only lacquer artisan in the town, he has contributed to passing down the craft to the next generation and inspiring young artists in his homeland, as well as creating jobs for dozens of locals.
His greatest desire is not only to preserve and promote traditional lacquer fine art but also to bring this traditional beauty of Việt Nam to the world. His original artisanal artworks have made a great impression on Vietnamese and international art lovers in recent years.
Phát said his passion for art was inherited from his father and grandfather. During his childhood, he followed them to restore heritage buildings in his hometown, like communal houses, temples, and shrines, which exposed him to his first understanding of lacquer art.
His childhood passion inspired him to study lacquer painting at the Hà Nội University of Industrial Fine Arts. After graduating, Phát embarked on his own artistic path. He started a private business specialising in lacquer paintings, lacquerwares, and inlaid and lacquered jewellery in his hometown.
Since then, his artistic career began to flourish, and he has won many awards, such as first prizes in the Hà Nội handicraft design competitions in 2014 and 2019, and the top prize in the Việt Nam Handicraft Design Contest 2020 with the "1010 Lacquered Buffalo Statues" project.
Most recently, his feline statue named Mèo Xứ Đoài (Cat of Đoài Land) won third prize in the Việt Nam Handicraft Design contest 2022.
In 2017, he was among the youngest artists honoured as a typical "Hà Nội Artisan" by the municipal People's Committee.
HONOURED: Phát's original artworks have made a great impression on Vietnamese and international art lovers in recent years.— Photo courtesy of the artist
With great passion and capacity to grasp market trends, Phát has created unique products of his own mark with high value, different from other lacquer products on the market.
He has opened a free vocational workshop at home to spread his passion for lacquer art.
"My free vocational workshop aims to find 'heirs' who can join me in building and transforming Đường Lâm into a traditional lacquer village," he said.
His creativity space – Phát Studio – has become a must-visit for any tourists to Đường Lâm Village. There they can contemplate his feline statue collection and other unique lacquer artworks or observe the artist at each stage, from sculpting to lacquering.
They can also join in creating an artwork, thereby gaining a deeper understanding of Vietnamese traditional art. VNS
By Lương Hương & Minh Phương
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How to get a refund ✈ State restrictions Road trips guide 🚗 When landmarks reopen
The world's new No. 1 airline for 2018 is ...
Ben Mutzabaugh
Singapore Airlines has been named the world's No. 1 airline, knocking off 2017 winner Qatar Airways, according to the annual World Airline Awards published by Skytrax.
Singapore's title – its first since 2008 and fourth overall – comes after it finished second in last year's World Airline Awards. It also ends what had been a back-and-forth battle for the top spot between Qatar Airways and its Gulf rival Emirates, which alternated at the No. 1 spot for past three years.
This year, Qatar Airways dropped to No. 2 while Emirates finished fourth for the second consecutive year. No. 3 All Nippon Airways (ANA) of Japan and No. 5 EVA Air of Taiwan rounded out the top five of the ratings, which were announced Tuesday on the sidelines of the biennial Farnborough Airshow in England.
Singapore welcomed its climb back to the top spot.
"Singapore Airlines is honored to be named 'World's Best Airline' in the Skytrax awards, and I dedicate it to the 26,000 SIA Group employees who focus every day on delivering the world's best travel experience to our customers," said Singapore Airlines' CEO Goh Choon Phong, who was in London Tuesday to accept the award. "The World Airline Awards are based on direct feedback from customers, who we know have more airlines to choose from in this highly competitive global environment."
TODAY IN THE SKY: Swivel chairs, double beds, 32" TVs: Check out Singapore Air's swanky new 'suites' (story continues below)
In North America, Air Canada took the title for "Best Airline in North America" for the second consecutive year. Overall, the carrier placed 30th in the global ratings – down one spot from its finish in 2017.
Delta and Alaska airlines were the top U.S. carriers in the ratings, placing 37th and 38th, respectively. JetBlue was the only other U.S. airline to place in the top 50, ranking 42nd.
The Skytrax awards are one of a long-and-growing list of annual consumer-focused rankings covering the airline industry.
Among the many: Travel + Leisure magazine's ratings are due out later this summer, when the magazine will reveal if Singapore Airlines has retained its title as the world's top carrier in that list for the 23rd year in a row. Emirates was the runner-up in those ratings while Qatar Airways placed third.
In May, Southwest and Alaska Airlines each won their respective airline categories in the annual J.D. Power customer service satisfaction survey of North American carriers. A month before that, Alaska Airlines edged out Delta for the second year in a row to take the top spot in another ranking – this one the 2018 Airline Quality Rating report. And in March, The Points Guy website became the latest to throw its hat into the ratings ring, tabbing Alaska Air as the top U.S. carrier.
TODAY IN THE SKY: Farnborough 2018: Boeing, Airbus rack up orders as giant airshow opens (story continues below)
As for the Skytrax awards, the win was the fourth overall title for Qatar Airways since the ratings launched in 1999.
Skytrax, which explains its rankings methodology here, bills its World Airline Awards as "the world's largest, annual airline passenger satisfaction survey." The group says more than 24 million eligible survey entries were counted in the final 2018 results. The survey period stretched from August 2017 through May 2018 and included participation from travelers of more than 105 nationalities. More than 300 airlines were included in the survey.
The top 25 of the Skytrax rankings were (full list of top 100):
1. Singapore Airlines (Last year: No. 2)
2. Qatar Airways (No. 1)
3. ANA/All Nippon (No. 3)
4. Emirates (No. 4)
5. EVA Air (No. 6)
TODAY IN THE SKY: Trip report and photo tour: Inside EVA's Hello Kitty plane (rankings continues below)
6. Cathay Pacific (No. 5)
7. Lufthansa (No. 7)
8. Hainan Airlines (No. 9)
9. Garuda Indonesia (No. 10)
10. Thai Airways (No. 11)
11. Qantas Airways (No. 15)
12. Swiss International Air Lines (No. 14)
TODAY IN THE SKY: Swiss Airlines' 'flagship' Boeing 777 now flying to New York (story continues below)
13. Japan Airlines/JAL (No. 16)
14. China Southern Airlines (No. 23)
15. Etihad Airways (No. 8)
16. Austrian Airlines (No. 17)
17. Air New Zealand (No. 19)
18. Turkish Airlines (No. 12)
19. KLM Royal Dutch Airlines (No. 22)
20. Hong Kong Airlines (No. 24)
21. Bangkok Airways (No. 21)
22. Virgin Australia (No. 13)
23. Aeroflot (No. 30)
24. Asiana Airlines (No. 20)
25. Air France (No. 18)
TODAY IN THE SKY: The world's 25 longest airline flights
IN PHOTOS: Singapore Airlines' new cabin interior for Boeing 787-10 'Dreamliner'


text:
Q: How can I abstract away the methods on Int32 and Int64 types? How can I abstract away the methods on Int32 and Int64 types?
Specifically, how can I refactor these similar functions into a core function?
let private tryParseInt64 (text:string) =

    let mutable (number:Int64) = 0L

    if Int64.TryParse(text, ref number)
    then Some number
    else None

let private tryParseInt32 (text:string) =

    let mutable (number:Int32) = 0

    if Int32.TryParse(text, ref number)
    then Some number
    else None


The torrential rain and flash flood warnings these past weeks have not been fun. Dear Chicago skies, what's to cry about when it just starts to actually feel like summer? Probably the worst is the humidity after the rain.
But a few friends and I took the chance to spend time in downtown Chicago to do some actual shopping, not the online kind, and have afternoon tea at The Peninsula. Luck was on our side! The moment we finished shopping and stepped into The Peninsula, it started pouring out of the blue. We were so thankful!
Plus, we loved our tea experience at The Peninsula! The tea selection was amazing and deliciously strong no matter how many times they refilled my teapot. And the food. YUM. I'm used to those white bread cucumber finger sandwiches at afternoon tea. But the savories were scrummy (scrumptious + yummy)! I loved every selection.
The pastries were so beautiful I didn't want to eat them. But of course I did. My favorite was the pistachio macaron. So light, but flavorful. They also had mini eclairs that made me question how they filled them since they were so tiny! Props to the pastry chef for that kind of skill!
I know this is the second Chicago restaurant review I've written in a row. But I've been eating out so much this summer that I thought I should share a few highlights. I hope you enjoyed reading this Chicago dining experience!
I'll be co-hosting the Stylish Tuesday link up next week, so be sure to follow and join! I can't wait to see all your posts!
That pastry selection looks delicious!! I love your tea cup ring! It is perfect for the occasion.
Wow, what a beautiful assortment of beautiful pastries!
It's great. You look very happy.
The food looks great! Everyone must have an electric smoker.
I like your tea cup ring. The pastry looks great! I'll be back for the next post of yours.
It's a lovely post. I like to have a tee and some cakes with friends. The pastry looks tasty.
It will be a wonderful time having tea time! I wish I can manage one day to meet my friend too!


We do our best to process and ship your order within 24–48 hours of receiving it (on business days). During seasons of high volume it may take 72 hours, but rest assured we're not just sitting around drinking sweet tea and ignoring your order.
The shipping rate is based on the total weight of your order, so our online shopping cart will calculate your shipping costs automatically for you to see before you finalize your order. You have a choice of standard service (allow 1–2 weeks from date shipped) or expedited service (allow 3–5 business days from date shipped).